MM 




Class 
Book. 



SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT 






JOHNSON'S AND WALKER'S 



ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, 



COMBINED 



Boston Stereotffjie IStrttiou* 











.oka 



THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 



TO Dr. Johnson is universally conceded the first rank among Englisji 
lexicographers ; and to Mr. Walker is assigned a similar rank among English 
orthoepists. The Dictionary, which is now offered to the public, is founded 
upon the great work of Johnson, corrected and enlarged by Mr. Todd j and it 
embraces, also, the entire labours of Walker on the pronunciation of the 
language. It has been formed on such a plan as to comprise all the most 
important materials, and to answer all the essential uses, of a Dictionary for 
understanding, writing, and speaking the English language ; and, at the same 
time, to enable the reader to see, as far as possible, on whose authority every 
thing rests. By the preceding explanations, one may not only have a general 
understanding of the plan of the work, but also form an idea of the nature and 
extent of the duty and responsibility of the Editor. Some further remarks, 
however, on the different parts of the volume, may not be useless. 

]n this connexion, it will not be improper to insert the titles of the several 
works (with the exception of that of Walker's Key, which stands in its proper 
place), on which this Dictionary is founded ; as by these the reader will see 
what the authors proposed to accomplish. 

Title of Todd's (second) Edition of Johnson : — "A Dictionary of the Eng- 
lish Language : in which the Words are deduced from their Originals ; and 
illustrated in their different Significations, by Examples from the best Writers : 
together with a History of the Language, and an English Grammar : by 
Samuel Johnson, LL. D. : — with numerous Corrections, and with the Addi- 
tion of several thousand Words, as also with Additions to the History of the 
Language and to the Grammar : by the Rev. H. J. Todd, M. A., F. S. A., 
and M. R. S. L., Chaplain in ordinary to his Majesty, and Rector of Set 
trington, County of York." 

Title of Chalmers's Abridgement : — " A Dictionary of the English Lan- 
guage : in which the Words are deduced from their Originals, explained in 
their different Meanings, and authorized by the Names of the Writers in 
whose Works they are found : by Samuel Johnson, LL. D. : — abridged from 
the Rev. H. J. Todd's corrected and enlarged [first] quarto Edition : by 
Alexander Chalmers, F. S. A." 

Title of Walker's Dictionary : — " A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, 
and Expositor of the English Language : in which not only the Meaning of 
every Word is clearly explained, and the Sound of every Syllable distinctly 
shown, but, where Words are subject to different Pronunciations, the Authori- 
ties of our best Pronouncing Dictionaries are fully exhibited, the Reasons for 
each are at large displayed, and the preferable Pronunciation is pointed out : 
to which are prefixed, Principles of English Pronunciation : in which 
the Sounds of Letters, Syllables, and Words, are critically investigated, and 
systematically arranged ; the Influence of the Greek and Latin Accent and 
Quantity on the Accent and Quantity of the English, is thoroughly examined, 
and clearly defined ; and the Analogies of the Language are so fully shoivn 
as to lay the Foundation of a consistent and rational Pronunciation : like 
wise, Rules to be observed by the Natives of Scotland, Ireland, and London 
for avoiding their respective Peculiarities ; and Directions to Foreigners fo\ 



vili THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

acquiring a Knowledge of the Use of this Dictionary : the whole interspersed 
with Observations, Etymological, Critical, and Grammatical: by John 
Walker, Author of Elements of Elocution, Rhyming Dictionary, he. he" 

Dr. Johnson's large Dictionary was first published in 1755. During the 
space of upwards of seventy years, which have since passed away, the English 
language has undergone considerable change ; and if, to use the words of the 
great lexicographer, " no dictionary of a living tongue can ever be perfect, since, 
while it is hastening to publication, some words are budding, and some falling 
away," his work must necessarily display the language more imperfectly now, 
than at the time of its first appearance. He observes, that he " fixed Sidney's 
work" (Sir Philip Sidney, who died in 1586) " for the boundary, beyond which 
he made few excursions." But the earlier English authors have of late excited 
so much attention, as to render a glossary of their productions desirable. Mr. 
Todd has, accordingly, undertaken to adapt the Dictionary to the present taste 
with regard to English literature, by inserting the words found in the old, and 
heretofore neglected, writers ; and also to the present state of the language, hf 
adding such words as have come into use since the first publication of the 
work. By turning over the pages of this volume, and observing the words 
which are marked as added by Mr. Todd, one will readily perceive that a 
dictionary, which was destitute of all such, would be extremely defective. But 
on the labours of Mr. Todd, which indicate very extensive reading, especially 
as it regards the early English writers, it is unnecessary to enlarge, as his own 
account of them is presented to the reader. 

The following notice is prefixed to Mr. Chalmers's Abridgement : — " This 
volume contains every word in Mr. Todd's edition of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary ; 
and above fourteen thousand more than were given in Dr. Johnson's Abridge- 
ment. The whole forms the most extensive vocabulary ever published, and, 
in consequence of the additions introduced by Mr. Todd, it becomes a com- 
plete glossary of the early English writers." Mr. Chalmers's work was formed 
from Mr. Todd's first edition. His second edition, which was published 
in February, 1827, contains nearly a thousand additional words, and was re- 
ceived in season to have these inserted in the Appendix of this Dictionary. 
These, together with the other words newly added, increase the excess above 
the number of words in Dr. Johnson's Abridgement to upwards of fifteen thousand. 
Dr. Johnson's Preface to his large Dictionary, Mr. Todd's Advertisements and 
Introduction, and Walker's Preface, together with all his introductory matter, 
as well as his Principles of English Pronunciation, are inserted in full ; as it was 
thought the work would be rendered less satisfactory by the omission of 
any part of them. 

The Dictionary, properly so called, comprising the vocabulary of words, 
with their definitions, he, is formed chiefly by a union of Mr. Chalmers's 
Abridgement and Walker's Pronouncing Dictionary ; but with the omission of 
Walker's definitions, except with regard to those words in his Dictionary (not 
much exceeding one hundred in number), which are not found in Mr. Todd's 
edition of Johnson. In many instances, in which the Editor has observed 
the omission by Mr. Chalmers of something particularly important, he has ex- 
tracted from Dr. Johnson or Mr. Todd additional matter or remarks, etymo- 
logical, explanatory, or critical. 

To the words contained in this Dictionary, which are not found in Walker's, 
the pronunciation has been added, according to Walker's Principles, so far as 
those Principles could be applied ; and this was easily done, with respect to 
most of them. A considerable number however, some of them words now 
out of use, others local or provincial, and rarely found in books, and others 
from foreign languages, and not anglicised, presented more or less difficulty. 
Respecting those words, with regard to which Walker's method failed to 



THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 1X 

furnish him with a guide, the Editor has availed himself of such other aids 
as he could obtain ; but some words he has left unpronounced, and with 
respect to some, to which he has added the pronunciation, he may have fallen 
into error : he hopes, however, the instances will not be found numerous or 
important. 

With respect to many words of doubtful pronunciation, or concerning which 
orthoepists differ, and particularly those respecting which Walker has omitted 
to exhibit this difference, the Editor has introduced the pronunciation of others, 
with the names of the authorities, enclosed in brackets; yet, in all cases, 
making use of Walker's method of notation. By this means, the Dictionary 
has been rendered more satisfactory ; as, in all doubtful cases, it must be 
agreeable to those who consult it, to see the different modes of different 
orthoepists ; and, in some instances, most persons will probably prefer the 
pronunciation of some other, to that of Walker. When the name of Perry is 
introduced, reference is always had to his " Synonymous, Etymological, and 
Pronouncing English Dictionary," in royal 8vo, which was first published in 
1805, and which differs, in the pronunciation of many words, from Perry's 
" Royal Standard English Dictionary." The latter work, which is often re- 
ferred to by Walker, has heretofore had a very extensive circulation in this 
country, and has been of great influence in fixing the prevailing pronunciation, 
especially in the Northern States. But the larger work of Perry, which is 
little known among us, and which does not appear to have been at all used 
by Walker, is found to agree with him in many cases, in which the other 
differs from him. 

The Appendix contains all the words newly added by Mr. Todd in his 
second edition ; a number of words, that are found in the body of the Dictionary, 
here repeated for the sake of some correction or remark ; a few words of 
unquestionable authority, which were omitted by Dr. Johnson and Mr. Todd ; 
and some words which are more or less used in America. The Editor, however, 
has not undertaken to supply all the authorized English words, which are 
omitted, nor to remark upon all that are imperfectly exhibited, in the Dictionary ; 
but he has noticed such only as readily occurred to him, without any extended 
research. There are some words, which have grown out of our peculiar 
institutions and local circumstances, and some new uses of authorized English 
words, which are not to be condemned ; but there are other new words, which 
have sprung up among us, and new applications of old ones, which deserve no 
countenance. The number of Americanisms, however, which are properly 
so called, is not great. Some words, which have been so considered, are to 
be found in the writings of Englishmen, as well as Americans ; and many 
others had their origin in Great Britain, and are still known in some parts of 
that country as provincialisms, though they are not often found in books. 

In preparing the Appendix, the Editor has made a free use of the Vocabulary 
of Americanisms, by his learned and respected friend, Mr. Pickering, who 
furnished him with his interleaved copy, containing much useful information in 
manuscript ; but who has been obliged, on account of his professional engage- 
ments, to decline rendering those further services, which were hoped from 
him, in regard to this part of the work. He has also been permitted to use 
an interleaved copy of the same Vocabulary, belonging to the Rev. Dr. Porter 
of Andover, from which he obtained some valuable materials. To Mr. Pick- 
ering's work, which was published in 1816, and which has had a salutary 
influence on our literature, by calling the attention of our scholars to the occa- 
sional deviations of American writers from pure English, a reference is always 
given, in noticing such words as are found in it. In many cases, however, in 
which a reference is made, the information here given is not wholly taken from 
B 



X THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

that volume ; though, on most of the articles, it contains much more than could 
be properly admitted here. As many of the words in Mr. Pickering's book 
are now to be found among the additions of Mr. Todd, there was no occasion 
to insert such, except in a few instances, in the Appendix. Reference has also 
been made to Mr. Webster's Dictionary (published in 1806), with regard to 
such of the words as are found in that work, from which the definitions of 
them have also been partly taken. The plan of this Dictionary precluded the 
Editor from going into any discussion of doubtful or disputed topics ; yet, concise 
and imperfect as the Appendix is, he hopes it will not be found entirely useless 

Care has been taken to present a corrected edition of Walker's Key. 
Many errors and inconsistencies have been detected in the different English 
and American editions which have been examined ; and in some instances, it 
has been difficult to ascertain what was the real pronunciation intended by the 
author. The Key lias been improved by exhibiting the variations of Perry 
and of Fulton and Knight, with regard to Scripture Proper Names. Though 
Walker may be regarded, in most cases, as the highest single authority, yet 
there are instances, in which the pronunciation of the others may be esteemed 
preferable ; and it may also be satisfactory to the American reader to know, 
that, with regard to nearly all the words not contained in the lists of the va- 
riations of Perry and of Fulton and Knight, their pronunciation coincides 
with his. 

The List of Authors, with the reigns in which they flourished (which is 
abridged from that of Mr. Todd, yet containing all the names that he enumer- 
ates), will not be without benefit to many who may make use of the Dictionary, as 
it will, in various cases, afford assistance in determining the authority of words, 
and whether they are of long standing, or of recent introduction into the language. 
Many of the words added by Mr. Todd are taken from Provincial Glossaries, 
and many are derived from the early English writers. Of the latter, many 
more are now entirely obsolete than are so noted by him ; and the reader, on 
finding no other than an old writer quoted as an authority for an uncommon 
word, will naturally conclude that it is not now in use. 

In this Dictionary the orthography of Dr. Jonnson and Mr. Todd remains 
unaltered, with the exception of a few instances hereafter mentioned. " Dr. 
Johnson's Dictionary," says Mr. Nares, " has nearly fixed the external form 
of our language." Before the publication of that work, the orthography of 
the English language was very unsettled ; and even now, there are. many 
words, with regard to which it is far from being uniform. Some of the 
principal varieties are those which relate to the use of k at the end of words 
of more than one syllable, when preceded by c ; as, critick or critic, publick or 
public ; and the u in the last syllable of such words as favour, honour, he. 

The final k is retained in all the editions, both of Johnson's large Dictionary, 
and his Abridgement. It is also found in most of the dictionaries that were 
published before that of Johnson ; — in Minsheu's (Spanish and English) ; in 
Cotgrave's (French and English) ; in Sherwood's (English and French) ; in 
Holyoke's (Latin and English) ; in Gouldman's (Latin and English) ; in Little- 
ton's (Latin and English) ; in Boyer's (French and English) ; and in the 
English Dictionaries of Coles, Phillips, and Bailey : but on the other hand, it is 
omitted in Ainsivorth's Dictionary (Latin and English, folio edition of 1752.) 
Of the dictionaries which have been published since Johnson's, it is retained in 
Sheridan's, Walker's, and Jones's ; also in Kenrick's, in substantives, but omit- 
ted in adjectives. Of the English dictionaries which have appeared since the 
first publication of Johnson's, the following, namely, Fenning's, Entick's, Bar- 



THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. X1 



clay's, Ash's, Dyche's, Scott's, Perry's, and Fulton and Knighfs, omit the k ; 
and it is likewise omitted in the popular English spelling books. Walker 
remarks, that its " omission is too general to be counteracted, even by the 
authority of Johnson." The general usage, both in England and America, 
is, at present, so strongly in favour of its omission, that the retaining of it seems 
now to savour of affectation or singularity. 

The omission of the u, in words ending with the syllable our, or or, is much 
less common than that of the final k. It is uniformly retained in all the 
dictionaries above enumerated, with the exception of Entick's and Ash's, in one 
class of words ; as, favour, honour, he. : though it is omitted in most of them 
in another class of words ; as, inferior, superior, horror, terror, he. 

Although Mr. Todd has not made any considerable changes in the orthog- 
raphy of Johnson, yet he has altered the spelling in a number of instances. The 
words abridgement, acknowledgement, and judgement, Johnson writes without 
the silent e in the penultimate syllable, though he writes lodgement with it. In 
all these words, Mr. Todd inserts the silent e. The inconsistencies with re- 
gard to the orthography of the following words, as they are found in Johnson, 
have been removed by Mr. Todd : — namely, moveable, moveableness, unremovea- 
ble, unremoveably, immovable, immovably, removable ; docile, indocil ; chastely, 
chastness. In the word movable, and its derivatives, Mr. Todd omits the e in 
the antepenultimate syllable, and he writes indocile and chasteness. 

But there are other inconsistencies, equally obvious, which Mr. Todd has 
suffered to remain unaltered ; as may be seen in the following words : — ache, 
toothache, headach ; ambergris, verdigrise ; anteriour, posterior ; interiour, 
exterior; apprized, unapprised; bias, unbiass ; bigoted, unbigotted ; brier, 
sweetbriar ; burrow (a hole made by conies), conyborough; connexion, its*- 
connection; controllable, uncontroulable. The words in Italics are conceived 
to be deviations from the right orthography, according to Johnson's princi- 
ples, and they have been altered in this Dictionary. But there are some other 
inconsistencies, which have not been removed, as may be seen in the following 
words : — imbitter, disembitter ; imbody, disembody ; imbosom, disembosom ; re- 
call, miscal ; waterfall, overfal ; stanch, unstaunched. 

There are several words which often appear, in the best modern publications, 
in a different orthography from that found in the dictionaries ; among which 
are connexion, control, meager, and raindeer ; which we often see written 
connection, controul, meagre, and reindeer. There is a great want of uniform- 
ity in the mode of writing the plural of those nouns, which, in the singular, 
end in ey ; as, valley, valleys or vallies ; attorney, attorneys or attornies, he. 
The rule of Perry and of Murray, in such cases, is explicit : — " Nouns of the 
singular number," says the former, " ending in ey, require the addition of s 
only, for the formation of their plural; as, attorney, attorneys ; chimney, chim- 
neys." Johnson, in cases of this sort, is not always consistent ; but, in this 
Dictionary, the orthography of such plurals has been made to conform to the 
rule here quoted. And, as a general principle, the orthography of words 
throughout the volume, has been rendered conformable to that which stands in 
the alphabetical series. 

The first edition of Walker's "Critical Pronouncing Dictionary" was pub- 
lished in 1791 ; and the fourth edition (which was the last that was printed 
under his superintendence) was published in 1806. This is regarded as the 
best, and it has been made the standard, in editing the present work. Since the 
death of Walker, which took place in 1807, his Dictionary has passed through 
numerous editions in England ; and it has also been stereotyped both in that 
country and in this. 



X1 i THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

Walker, in preparing his Dictionary, made pronunciation his principal object ; 
and for this his work is chiefly valued. His explanations of words are profes- 
sedly copied almost wholly from Johnson ; but on the pronunciation of the 
English language, no other person, probably, ever bestowed so much attention. 
He studied the analogy of the language with care, and took great pains to ascer- 
tain the prevailing usage. His design was, as he expresses it, "principally to 
give a kind of history of pronunciation, and a register of its present state." 
The following remarks of his show what advantages he enjoyed for giving 
such a register : — " To a man born, as I was, within a few miles of the capital 
[London], living in the capital almost my whole life, and exercising myself 
there in public speaking , for many years 5 to such a person, if to any one, 
the true pronunciation of the language must be very familiar." * 

Sheridan's Dictionary, which was published in 1780, had considerable 
reputation ; though it was universally acknowledged to have great defects ; 
and it was superseded by that of Walker. The latter, however, has nut been 
supplanted by any- more recent work, but still maintains its popularity, and con- 
tinues to undergo frequent reimpressions. 

Since the publication of Walker's Dictionary, there have appeared in Great 
Britain two small Pronouncing Dictionaries, which have been favourably 
received ; one by Stephen Jones, of London, and the other by G. Fulton 
and G. Knight, of Edinburgh. The authors of both these works have been 
much indebted to Walker, and do not withhold from him a tribute of commen- 
dation. Fulton and Knight observe, that " Sheridan and Walker, by their 
Dictionaries, have afforded the most effectual means of acquiring an accurate 
pronunciation." " On the useful invention of Mr. Sheridan," says Mr. Jones, 
" a valuable improvement had been made by the late Mr. Walker, whose 
Dictionary is a work of much labour and great merit." 

But, though Walker holds the first rank as an orthoepist, yet he ought not 
to be implicitly followed. The ultimate standard of pronunciation is not his 
mere authority, nor that of any other individual ; but it is the usage of literary 
and wellbred society ; and so far, and so far only, as his Dictionary is an 
accurate register of such usage, is it proper, according to his own principles, 
that it should be relied upon as a guide. 

It may not be without use to make here some strictures on the real or 
supposed defects of Walker, and to exhibit a comparison, in a few points, 
between his system and those of others, who have preceded or followed him 
in the same department of literature. This comparison, together with the 
varieties exhibited in the Dictionary, with regard to words of doubtful or 
various pronunciation, will enable the reader to understand the most important 
points of difference among the most distinguished orthoepists. It should be 
remembered, that, when these writers speak of the pronunciation of the lan- 
guage, and exhibit their systems of notation, they intend to give us that finished 
and exact pronunciation, which would be used in public speaking, and not the 
more lax and careless utterance, which is often heard in familiar conversation. 
Walker has been thought to be too sparing in the use of his second, or Ital- 
an sound of a, as heard in far and father. In the following words, and their 
compounds, he pronounces a with its fourth sound, as in fat ; but JYares and 
Jones give it the sound of a in father : — 

* Walker's employment, as a teacher of elocution, was among the higher classes, and best educated 
people of England. The following testimony to his merit, from the great statesman and orator, Edmund 
Burke is worthy of being recorded: — " One of the persons who particularly solicited Mr. Burke's exertions 
on this' occasion, was Mr. (or, as he was commonly termed), Elocution Walker, author of the Pronouncing 
Dictionary, and other works of merit, and who had given lessons in the art to young Burke. * * * * 
Mr Burke one day, in the vicinity of the House of Commons, introduced him to a nobleman, accidentally 
passing with the following characteristic exoidium :— ' Here, my Lord Berkeley, is Mr. Walker, whom 
not tolc'now, by name at least, would argue want of knowledge of the harmonies, cadences, and proprieties 
of our language.' " Prior's Life of Burke, second London Edition, vol. ii. pp. 365, 366. 



THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 



X1H 



advance, 


cast, 


ensample, 


last, 


advantage, 


castle, 


example, 


masculine, 


after, 


chaff, 


fast, 


mask, 


aghast, 


chance, 


flask, 


mass, 


alexander, 


chant, 


gasp, 


mast, 


answer, 


clasp, 


ghastly, 


mastiff, 


ant, 


class, 


glance, 


nasty, 


ask, 


complaisant, 


glass, 


paragraph, 


bask, 


contrast, 


graff, 


pass, 


basket, 


craft, 


graft, 


past, 


bastard, 


dance, 


grant, 


pastern, 


blast, 


dastard, 


grasp, 


pasture, 


bombast, 


draff, 


grass, 


pastor, 


branch, 


draft, 


hasp, 


pasty, 


brass, 


draught, 


jasper, 


plaster, 


cask, 


enchant, 


lance, 


plastic, 


casket, 


enhance, 


lass, 


quaff, 



raft, 

rafter, 

rasr, 

repast, 

sample, 

shaft, 

slander, 

slant, 

staff, 

task, 

trance, 

vast, 

waft. 



With regard to most of the words in the preceding list, Perry agrees in his 
pronunciation with Xares and Jones. Fulton and Knight also agree with 
them, as it respects a considerable part ; but with regard to a portion of these 
words, they adopt an intermediate sound of a, not so short as a in fat, nor so 
broad as a in father. 

Walker has been censured for not making a distinction, in his notation, 
between the sound of a in bare, fare, hair, pair, he, and in fate, pale, name, 
&ic. This, however, is not a defect peculiar to Walker, but is common to him 
with other orthoepists. No distinction is made in the sound of a, in these words, 
by Kenrick, Sheridan, JYares, Jones, or Fulton and Knight ; and our country- 
man, Mr. Webster, in his Spelling Book, places them all under the first, or 
long sound of a. There is, however, an obvious distinction in the sound, as 
the words are pronounced in this country ; and the same distinction is said to 
be preserved in England ; and it was used by Walker himself, in his own 
pronunciation, if we may rely upon the testimony of one of his pupils. 
Whether these orthoepists did not perceive the distinction, or whether, if they 
did perceive it, they did not think it sufficiently important to recognise it in their 
notation, it may be difficult to ascertain. Perry, however, in his " Synonymous, 
Etymological, and Pronouncing Dictionary," has very properly made the 
distinction. The sound of long a, as mfate, he marks thus, a ; and the sound 
of a in bare, thus, a ; and, generally, when the sound of long a, or what is so 
considered by other orthoepists, is followed by r, as in care, bear, fair, trans- 
parent, &c., he marks it in like manner, distinguishing it from long a, in fate, 
name, he. It is not improbable, that all the other orthoepists made the same 
distinction, in their practice, that Perry has made in his notation. 

The manner in which the sounds of the vowels are affected by being fol- 
lowed by the letter r, in words of one syllable, or in words of more than one 
syllable, when the following syllable begins with any other consonant than r, 
has not always been sufficiently attended to. Sheridan has not introduced, in 
any instance, what Walker designates as the second sound of a, as in far, and 
father, but marks a in far, par, cart, part, &c., with the same sound as in hat, 
carry, parry, he. : nor does Perry introduce what Walker marks as the third 
sound of o, as in nor ; but he marks o in border and sordid with the same short 
sound as in borrow and sorroiv ; and both he and Sheridan mark o in for and 
nor with the short sound, as in lot. There is an obvious difference in the 
sound of u, as heard in cur, curb, fur, hurdle, &c, from its proper short sound 
in burrow, curry, furrow, duck, he. ; but we do not know that this difference 
has been noticed by any orthoepist. 



Xi v THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

With regard to the sound of oo, Walker remarks (Prin., No. 307), " It 
has a shorter sound, corresponding to the u in bull, in the words wool, wood, 
good, hood, foot, stood, understood, withstood ; and these are the only words 
where this diphthong has this middle sound." This remark of Walker is doubt- 
less erroneous, as this sound is given by common usage to the 00 in several 
other words. Besides the words above enumerated, Perry and Jones give 
the same sound to 00 in book, brook, cook, crook, hook, look, shook, and took : 
to these Perry adds hoop (for casks), and Jones adds soot and rook. 

Walker's method of representing the sound of i and y, unaccented, by long e, 
has been considered, by Jones and some others, as a defect in his system. The 
objection here lies against the stress, rather than the quality of the sound. The 
last two syllables of the word affinity, as marked by different orthoepists, will 
serve to indicate their respective methods of notation, with regard to the unac 
cented i and y : — 

af-fiV-ne-te, Walker : af-fin'-i-ty, Perry : 

af-fm'-ny-ty, Sheridan and Jones : af-nV-e-te, Fulton and Knight. 

These several authors doubtless intended that this word should be pronounced 
in precisely the same manner ; and, whichever method may be deemed the 
most happy, no person is in danger of being misled by either. 

Walker has been censured for inserting a slight sound of y before a, i, and 
y, in certain words ; as, guard, guide, kind, marked gyard, gyide, kyind. The 
same method, however, is used by Sheridan, Jones, and Fulton and Knight ; 
except that Sheridan omits the y in guard. It is difficult to represent the ob 
scure softening here intended, by any notation ; and it must be confessed that, 
by many speakers, it is carried to such excess as to have the appearance of 
gross affectation. It may be remarked, however, that the insertion of this 
sound is not a modern innovation. It was taken notice of by Steele, in his 
English Grammar, as long ago as the reign of Queen Anne, and was men- 
tioned before that time by Ben Jonson. Among later writers. Dr. Beattie 
countenances it, and Mr. Nares condemns it. {See Prin., JYos. 92 and 160/ 

The sound of ch, after I and n, Walker represents by sh; as, bench, branch, 
filch, pronounced bensh, bransh, filsh ; and in this he is followed by Fulton 
and Knight. Sheridan and Jones, however, use tsh instead of sh ; as, benish, 
brantsh, filtsh ; but the difference of sound is very slight. 

When d comes after the accent, and is followed by the diphthongs ia or ie, 
the triphthongs iou or eou, or the vowel u, Walker allows it, in many words, to 
take the sound of j ; but in this he is not always consistent with himself : for 
in some cases he gives both sounds, d and j, in others d only, and in others / 
only, without any apparent reason for the difference. The following words, 
with their pronunciation, will illustrate his manner, and also indicate some want 
of consistency :— 

odious, o'-de-us, or o'-je-us ; arduous, ar'-ju-fis ; 

tedious, to'-de-us, or te'-je-us ; hideous, hld'-e-us, or hid'-je-us ; 

obedient, o-be'-je-ent ; immediate, im-me'-de-at, or Im-me'-je-at. 
disobedient, dis-o-be'-de-ent ; 

Sheridan, in such cases, often substitutes dzh, or dy, for d. The same words 
are pronounced by him in the following manner : — 

o'-dzhus, o-be'-dzhent, ar'-du-us, im-me'-dyat. 

te'-dzhus, dis-o-be'-dzhent, hld'-yus, 

Perry and Jones, in such cases, preserve the pure sound of the d. Fulton 
and Knight, though they differ from Sheridan and Walker in their method 



THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. xr 

of representing the pronunciation, yet, in many cases, depart from the pure 
sound of the d. They pronounce the above words as follows : — 

o'-dyus, o-be'-dyent, ar'-du-us, im-me'-dyat 

te'-dyus, dis-o-be'-dyent, hid'-yus, 

One of the most important points in Walker's system, with respect to which 
there is a diversity of opinion among the learned, relates to his pronunciation 
of t, when it comes after the accent, and is followed by u; as in the words na- 
ture, natural, virtue, which, according to him, here takes the sound of tsh, the 
words being pronounced na'-tshure, nat'-tshu-ral, ver'-tshii. Sheridan and 
Jones give the same sound to t when so situated ; though they and Walker do 
not always agree with each other in the application of the rule. But the Scot- 
tish orthoepists, Perry and Fulton and Knight, on the other hand, allow the t T 
so situated, to retain its pure sound. 

Walker remarks (Prin., No. 463), " Nor is this tendency of t before long u 
found only when the accent immediately precedes ; for we hear the same as- 
piration of this letter in spiritual, spirituous, signature, ligature, forfeiture, 
where the accent is two syllables before these letters." But in his notation 
he gives t, in the words signature and ligature, its simple sound ; nor is he 
consistent with regard to various other words in the same predicament. To 
t, in the following words, aperture, caricature, comfiture, decumbiture, dis- 
temperature, duplicature, entablature, foliature, legislature, and overture, he 
gives the sound of tsh; while to t, in the following, intemperature, investiture^ 
limature, nutriture, portraiture, prefecture, prelature, primogeniture, quadra- 
ture, sepulture, serrature, iablature, and temperature, he gives its simple sound. 

With regard to most of the preceding words, there is certainly no good 
reason for the difference in the pronunciation of the last syllable. As the word 
caricature,) according to Walker, has the accent on the last syllable, it is di- 
rectly contrary to his rule (No. 463), to aspirate the t. It is, doubtless, to 
be regarded as an oversight ; and it has been corrected, so as to make it con- 
form to his rule. In the word legislature, the t, in the early editions of 
Walker's Dictionary, had its pure sound ; but in the fourth edition it is aspi- 
rated. The reason of his making a distinction between legislature and litera- 
ture, in this particular, appears to be, that, according to him, the former has 
the secondary accent on the penultimate, and the latter on the last syllable. 

Though the principle, that the usage of literary and wellbred society forms 
the standard of pronunciation, may not be disputed, still the question may be 
asked, Where shall we seek this usage ? The English language is spoken 
in countries remote from each other, each of which has its peculiarities ; and 
even in the different parts of England there are great diversities, It is, in- 
deed, impossible that all who speak the language, should be made to conform 
exactly to the same standard. But London is doubtless to be regarded not 
only as the political and commercial metropolis of the British empire, but also 
the metropolis of English literature; and the usage of her polite speakers 
is of higher authority, generally, to the numerous and widely dispersed peo- 
ple who speak the English language, than that of any other city ; as is the 
fact with regard to other capital cities ; the usage of the polite speakers of 
Paris and Madrid, for example, being of the highest authority with those who 
speak the French and Spanish languages. An orthoepist, therefore, who 
is conversant with the best society of London, has, by this circumstance, 
other things being equal, a superiority over those who do not possess this ad- 
vantage. In this respect, no one has been more favourably situated than Walker ; 
and, in the pronunciation of the great mass of words in the language, he is sup- 



xv i THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

ported by subsequent writers. The characteristic differences have been already- 
pointed out ; but these, as it regards most of the words affected by them, are 
slight, and no greater than was to be expected in a matter of such delicacy, 
and where the ear might be easily misled, unless disciplined by long and care- 
ful practice. 

Although the usage of 1jhe best society of London is entitled to more weight 
than that of any other city, with regard to the many millions who speak the 
English language ; yet it is not the only circumstance to be considered. The 
usage of the best society of the particular country or district, in which one re 
sides, is not to be disregarded. We should have little respect for the taste of 
him who, if all with whom be was conversant, in the pronunciation of certain 
words, conformed to the analogy of the language, should deviate from it, be- 
cause he had learned that such was the practice in London. There are 
some words, of which the common pronunciation in this country is more con- 
formable to their orthography and to analogy, than that exhibited by most of the 
English orthoepists ; as, cucumber, gold, raisin, housewife, Rome, wrath, and 
wound (rhyming with sound). Walker remarks, that it was formerly the custom, 
in England, to pronounce merchant mar chant, and that this was probably " the 
ancient manner of pronouncing every e in the same situation ; but that this analogy 
is now totally exploded, except with regard to clerk, sergeant, and a few proper 
names." But in this country, it is not uncommon to give the e in clerk and 
sergeant the same sound as in merchant and servant. The word asparagus 
is pronounced here as it is written ; nor is it the fact in this country (as Walker 
states it to be in England), that " the corruption of sparrowgrass is so gene- 
ral, that asparagus has an air of stiffness and pedantry." The following words, 
accept' able, commend' able, receptacle, confess' or, and successor, are generally 
pronounced, in the United States, with the accent as it is here placed ; nor does 
there appear to be any good reason for changing it for the accent winch is 
more fashionable in London. 

It is common in this country to pronounce arc, the plural of the present 
tense of the verb to be, like the noun air, and were, the preterit plural of 
the same verb, like the noun ware; and Walker's pronunciation of these words, 
(ar and wer), has sometimes been called in question, as though it. were pecu- 
liar to him ; but in this pronunciation he is supported by the most popular Eng- 
lish orthoepists, by Kenrick, Sheridan, Perry, Jones, and Fulton and Knight. 
With respect to the word therefore, which Walker pronounces therefore, he says 
{Prin. 94), the e in the first syllable is generally shortened, though he thinks 
improperly. It is pronounced in the same manner by Sheridan and Fulton and 
Knight; but Perry and Jones pronounce the first syllable like the monosyllable 
there. 

With what fidelity the Editor of this volume has performed his task, the 
public will judge. Entire accuracy, in such a work, is not to be attained ; 
yet he hopes, that, in this respect, this work will bear a favourable compari- 
son with most others of the kind ; as he is confident it will with the volumes 
from which it was immediately formed. Many errors may have escaped de- 
tection, but many have been corrected ; those in Mr. Chalmers's work alone 
amount to more than two thousand. But for whatever degree of typographical 
accuracy the work may possess, the Editor cheerfully acknowledges it is much 
indebted to the care of Mr. S. Phelps, the superintendent of the press at the 
founderv where it has been stereotyped. 

J. E. WORCESTER. 

Cambridge, Nov. 1827. 



CONTENTS. 



Page 
Johnson's Preface to his Abridgement xix 

Chalmers's Advertisement xx 



Johnson's Preface to his Folio Dictionary xxi 

Todd's Advertisement to his First Edition xxvii 

Todd's Introduction to his First Edition . xx?x 

Todd's Advertisement to his Second Edition xxxi 

Walker's Preface to his Pronouncing Dictionary 1 

Walker's Rules for the Natives of Ireland 5 

Walker's Rules for the Natives of Scotland * . . 6 

Walker's Directions to Foreigners 8 

Walker's Principles of English Pronunciation 11 

Walker's Table of Simple and Diphthongal Vowels 50 

TODD'S JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY, as abridged by Chalmers, 
with WALKER'S CRITICAL PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, 

combined 53 

Appendix 1035 

Walker's Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek, Latin, 

and Scripture Proper Names 1055 

Variations of Perry in the Pronunciation of Scripture Proper Names 1132 

Variations of Fulton and Knight ... 1134 

Walker's Observations on the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity 1135 



Xiist of Authors cited as Authorities 1149 

c 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE 

TO HIS ABRIDGEMENT, FIRST PUBLISHED IN*TWO VOLS. 
OCTAVO, 1756. 



. HAVING been long employed in the study and cultivation of the English 
language, I lately published a Dictionary, like those compiled by the academies 
of Italy and France, for the use of such as aspire to exactness of criticism, or 
elegance of style. 

But it has been since considered, that works of that kind are by no means 
necessary to the greater number of readers, who, seldom intending to write, or 
presuming to judge, turn over books only to amuse their leisure, and to gain 
degrees of knowledge suitable to lower characters, or necessary to the common 
business of life : these know not any other use of a dictionary, than that of 
adjusting orthography, and explaining terms of science, or words of infrequent 
occurrence, or remote derivation. 

For these purposes many dictionaries have been written by different authors, 
and with different degrees of skill ; but none of them have yet fallen into my 
hands, by which even the lowest expectations could be satisfied. Some of their 
authors wanted industry, and others literature : some knew not their own defects, 
and others were too idle to supply them. 

For this reason a small dictionary appeared yet to be wanting to common 
readers ; and as I may, without arrogance, claim to myself a longer acquaintance 
with the lexicography of our language than any other writer has had, I shall 
hope to be considered as having more experience, at least, than most of my 
predecessors, and as more likely to accommodate the nation with a vocabulary 
of daily use. I therefore offer to the publick an abstract or epitome of my 
former work. 

In comparing this with other dictionaries of the same kind, it will be found 
to have several advantages. 

I. It contains many words not to be found in any other. 

II. Many barbarous terms and phrases, by which other dictionaries may 
vitiate the style, are rejected from this. 

III. The words are more correctly spelled, partly by attention to their ety- 
mology, and partly by observation of the practice of the best authors. 

IV. The etymologies and derivations, whether from foreign languages or from 
native roots, are more diligently traced, and more distinctly noted. 

V. The senses of each word are more copiously enumerated, and more clearly 
explained. 

VI. Many words occurring in the elder authors, such as Spenser, Shakspeare, 
and Milton, which had been hitherto omitted, are here carefullv inserted ; so 
that this book may serve as a glossary or expository index to the poetical writers. 

VII. To the words, and to the different senses of each word, are subjoined 
from the large Dictionary the names of those writers by whom they have been 
used ; so that the reader, who knows the different periods of the language, and 
the time of its authors, may judge of the elegance or prevalence of any word, or 
meaning of a word ; and, without recurring to other books, may know what are 
antiquated, what are unusual, and what are recommended by the best authority. 

The words of this Dictionary, as opposed to others, are more diligently 
collected, more accurately spelled, more faithfully explained, and more authenti- 
cally ascertained. Of an abstract it is not necessary to say more ; and I hope it 
will not be found that truth requires me to say less. S. J. 



CHALMERS'S ADVERTISEMENT. 



TO this Preface, [the preceding one of Dr. Johnson,] which exhibits the de 
sign and utility of the Abridgement, it is necessary to add, that the labours, the 
research, and the extensive reading of Mr. Todd, have enriched the original 
work with several thousand words, forming, in the whole, the greatest col- 
lection, that has ever appeared in any English dictionary. 

The former editions of Dr. Johnson's Abridgement have been deficient in one 
respect, which was but recently discovered by a careful comparison with the 
original. According to the rule which the learned author appears to have pre- 
scribed to himself, but of which he has taken no notice in his Preface, this 
volume was u an abstract or epitome" in more respects than one. Not content 
with omitting the authorities as given at full length, and the etymological remarks, 
(a rule that has been adhered to in the present Abridgement,) Dr. Johnson left 
out a great number of words, which he probably deemed of inferior importance, 
but which, in the revolution of language, have now acquired an equal interest 
with those admitted. In the work, however, now before the reader, every word 
in Mr. Todd's valuable edition has been given. A. C 



MM 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE 



TO THE FOLIO EDITION OF HIS DICTIONARY. 



IT is the fate of those, who toil at the lower employ- analogy, and produces anomalous formations, that, being 
ments of life, to be rather driven by the fear of evil,than once incorporated, can never be afterwards dismissed or 
attracted by the prospect of good ; to be exposed to censure 1 1 reformed. 



without hope of praise; to be disgraced by miscarriage, 
or punished for neglect, where success would have been 
without applause, and diligence without reward. 

Among these unhappy mortals is the writer of diction- 
aries, whom mankind have considered, not as the pupil, but 
the slave of science, the pioneer of literature, doomed only 
to remove rubhish and clear obstructions from the paths, 
through which Learning and Geniu3 press forward to con- 
quest and glory, without bestowing a smile on the humble 
drudge that facilitates their progress. Every other author 
may aspire to praise ; the lexicographer can only hope to 
escape reproach ; and even this negative recompense has 
been yet granted to very few. 

I have, notwithstanding this discouragement, attempted 
a dictionary of the English language, which, while it was 
employed in the cultivation of every species of literature, 
has' itself been hitherto neglected, suffered to spread, un- 
der the direction of chance, into wild exuberance, resigned 
to the tyranny of time and fashion, and exposed to the cor- 
ruptions of ignorance, and caprices of innovation. 

When I took the first survey of my undertaking, I found 
our speech copious without order, and energetick without 



Of this kind are the derivatives length from long, 
strength from strong, darling from dear, breadth from 
broad, from dry, drought, and from high, height, which 
Milton, in zeal for analogy, writes highth t "■ Quid te ex- 
emptajuvat spinis depluribus una V To change all would 
be too much, and to change one is nothing. 

This uncertainty is most frequent in the vowels, which 
are so capriciously pronounced, and so differently modified, 
by accident or affectation, not only in every province, but 
in every mouth, that to them, as is well known to ety- 
mologists, little regard is to be shown in the deduction of 
one language from another. 

Such defects are not errours in orthography, but spots 

of barbarity impressed so deep in the English language, 

that criticism can never wash them away ; these, there- 

, fore, must be permitted to remain untouched: but many 

words have likewise been altered by accident, or depraved 

by ignorance, as the pronjneiation of the vulgar has been 

weakly followed ; and some still continue to be variously 

| written, as authors differ in their care or skill; of these 

; it wa3 proper to inquire the true orthography, which I 

have always considered as depending on their derivation 



rules : wherever I turned my view, there was perplexity |j and have therefore referred them to their original Ian 
to be disentangled, and confusion to be regulated ; choice 
was to be made out of boundless variety, without any- 
established principle of selection ; adulterations were to 
be detected, without a settled test of purity ; and modes 
of expression to be rejected or received, without the suf- 
frages of any writers of classical reputation or acknowl- 
edged authority. 

Having therefore no assistance but from general gram- 
mar, I applied myself to the perusal of our writers ; and, 
noting whatever might be of use to ascertain or illustrate j 
any word or phrase, accumulated, in time, the materials 
of a dictionary, which, by degrees, I reduced to method, | 
establishing to myself, in the progress of the work, such ' 
rules as experience and analogy suggested to me -, expe- 
rience, which practice and observation were continually 
increasing ; and analogy, which, though in some words 
obscure, was evident in others. 

In adjusting the ORTHOGRAPHY, which has been to 
this time unsettled and fortuitous, I found it necessary 
to distinguish those irregularities that are inherent in our 
tongue, and perhaps coeval with it, from others which the 
ignorance or negligence of later writers has produced. 
Every language has its anomalies, which, though incon- 
venient, and in themselves once unnecessary, must be tol- 
erated among the imperfections of human things, and 
which renuire only to be registered, that they may not be 
increased, and ascertained, that they may not be confound- 
ed ; hut every language has likewise its improprieties and 
absurdities, which it is the duty of the lexicographer to 
comet or proscribe. 

As language was at its beginning merely oral, all words I 
of necessary or common use were spoken before they were 
written ; and, while they were unfixed by any visible j 
signs, must have been spoken with great diversity, as we j 
now observe those who cannot read, catch sounds im- 
perfectly, and utter them negligently. When this wild ! 
and barbarous jargon was first reduced to an alphabet, 1 
every penman endeavoured to express as he could the 
sounds which he was accustomed to pronounce or to re- i 
ceive, and vitiated in writing such words as were already 
vitiated in speech. The powers of the letters, when they | 



were applied to a new language, must have been vague 
and unsettled, and therefore different hands would exhibit 
the same sound bv different combinations. 

From 'his unceuain pronunciation arise, in a great part, 
the various dialects of the same country, which will al- 
ways be observed to grow fewer, and less different, as 
books are multiplied; and from this arbitrary representa- 
tion of sounds by letters, proceeds that diversity ofspelli 



guages: thus I write enchant, enchantment, enchanter, 
after the French, and incantation after the Latin : thus 
entire is chosen rather than intire, because it passed to 
ut not from the Latin integer, but from the French cnticr. 

Of many words it is difficult to say whether they were 
immediately received from the Latin or the French, since, 
at the time when we had dominions in France, we had 
Latin service in our churches. It is. however, my opinion, 
that the French generally supplied us; for we have few- 
Latin words, among the terms oi domestick use, which 
are not French ; but many French, which are very remote 
from Latin. 

Even in words of which the derivation is apparent, I 
have been often obliged to sacrifice uniformity to custom ; 
thus I write, in compliance with a numberless majority, 
convey and i nveiir/t, deceit and receipt, fancy and phan- 
tom ; sometimes the derivative varies from the primitive, 
as explain and explanation, repeat, and repetition. 

Some combinations of letters, having the same power, 
are used indifferently w ithout any discoverable reason of 
choice, as in choak, choke ; soap, sope ; f excel, fuel, and 
many others, which 1 have sometimes inserted twice, that 
those, who search for them under either form, may not 
search in vain. 

In examining the orthography of any doubtful word, the 
mode of spelling, by which it is inserted in the series of 
the dictionary, is to be considered as that towhich I give, 
perhaps not often rashly, the preference. I have left, in 
the examples, to every author his own practice unmolest- 
ed, that the reader may balance suffrages, and judge be- 
tween us: but this question is not always to bedetermined 
by reputed or by real learning; some men, intent upon 
greater things, have thought little on sounds and deriva- 
tions ; some, knowing in the ancient tongues, have neglect- 
ed those in which our words are commonly to be sought 
Thus Hammond writes fecibleness, for feasibleness, be- 
cause. I suppose, he imagined it derived immediately from 
the Latin ; and some words, such as dependant, dependent ; 
dependance, dependence, vary their final syllable, as one 
or another language is present to the writer. 

In this part of the work, where caprice has long wan- 
toned w ithout control, and vanity sought praise by petty 
refofmation, I have endeavoured to proceed with a schol- 
ar's reverence for antiquity, and a grammarian's rega-d 
to the genius of our tongue. I have attempted a few alter- 
ations, and, among those few, perhaps the greater part ;> 
from the modern to the ancient practice ; and I hope I 
may be allowed to recommend to those, whose thoughu. 
have been, perhaps, employed too anxiously on verbal 



observable in the Saxon remains, and, I suppose, in the j| singularities, not to disturb, upon narrow views, or for 
first books of every nation, which perplexes or destroys J i minute propriety, the orthography of their fathers. I. 



kXH 

has been asserted, that for the law to be known, is of more 
importance than to be right. Change, says Hooker, is 
not made without inconvenience, even from worse to bet- 
ter. There is in constancy and stability a general and 
lasting advantage, which will always overbalance the 
slow improvements of gradual correction. Much less 
ought our written language to comply with the corrup- 
tions of oral utterance, or copy that which every variation 
of time or place makes different from itself, and imitate 
those changes, which will again be changed while imita- 
tion is employed in observing them. 

This recommendation of steadiness and uniformity 
does not proceed from an opinion, that particular com- 
binations of letters have much influence on human hap- 
piness, or that truth may not be successfully taught by 
modes of spelling fanciful and erroneous: I am not yet 
so lost in lexicography, as to forget that words are the 
daughters of earth, and that things are the sons of heaven. 
Language is only the instrument of science, and words 
are but the signs of ideas : I wish, however, that the in- 
strument might be less apt to decay, and that signs might 
be permanent, like the. things which they denote. 

In settling the orthography, I have not wholly neglect- 1 
ed the pronunciation, which I have directed, by printing I 
an accent upon the acute or elevated syllable. It will i 
sometimes be found, that the accent is placed by the au- ! 
thor quoted on a different syllable from that marked in 
the alphabetical series ; it is then to be understood, that 
custom has varied, or that the author has, in my opinion, 
pronounced wrong. Short directions are sometimes given 
where the sound of letters is irregular; and, if they are 
sometimes omitted, defect in such minute observations 
will be more easily excused than superfluity. 

In the investigation both of the orthography and signif- 
ication of words, their ETYMOLOGY was necessarily 
to be considered, and they were therefore to be divided 
into primitives and derivatives. A primitive word is that 
which can be traced no further to any English root ; 
thus circumspect, circumvent, circumstance, delude, con- 
cave, and complicate, though compounds in the Latin, are 
to us primitives. Derivatives are all those that can be 
referred to any word in English of greater simplicity. 

The derivatives I have referred to their primitives with 
an accuracy sometimes needless ; for who does not see that 
remoteness comes from remote, lovely from love, concavi- 
ty from concave, and demonstrative from demonstrate ? 
feut this grammatical exuberance the scheme of my work 
■did not allow me to repress. It is of great importance, 
in examining the general fabrick of a language, to trace 
one w«rd from another, by noting the usual modes of der- 
ivation and inflection; and uniformity must be preserved 
in systematical works, though sometimes at the expense 
of particular propriety. 

Among other derivatives I have been careful to insert 
and elucidate the anomalous plurals of nouns and pret- j 
erits of verbs, which in the Teutonick dialects are very i 
frequent, and, though familiar to those who have always 
used them, interrupt and embarrass the learners of our 
language. 

The two languages from which our primitives have | 
been derived are the Roman and Teutonick : under the j 
Roman I comprehend the French and provincial tongues ; ! 
and under the Teutonick range the Saxon. German, and j 
all their kindred dialects. Most of our polysyllables are , 
Roman, and our words of one syllable are very often j 
Teutonick. 

In assigning the Roman original, it has, perhaps, some- I 
times happened, that I have mentioned only the Latin, j 
when the word was borrowed from the French ; and, con- \ 
sidering mvself as employed only in the illustration of j 
my own language, I have not been very careful to observe j 
whether the Latin word be pure or barbarous, or the 
French elegant o- obsolete. 

For the Teutonick etymologies I am commonly indeht- i 
ed to Junius and Skinner, the only names which I have i 
forborne to quote when I copied their books; not that I 
might appropriate their labours or usurp their honours, j 
but that I might spare a perpetual repetition by one gen- j 
eral acknowledgement. Of these, whom I ought not to I 
mention but with reverence due to instructors and | 
benefactors, Junius appears to have excelled in extent j 
of learning, and Skinner in rectitude of understanding, j 
Junius was accurately skilled in all the northern Ian- j 
guages ; Skinner probably examined the ancient and remot- i 
er dialects only by occasional inspection into dictionaries : ] 
but the learning of Junius is often of no other use than to j 
show him a track by which he might deviate from* his > 
purpose, to which Skinner always presses forward by the 
shortest way. Skinner is often ignorant, but never ridicu- 
lous. Junius is always full of knowledge ; but his variety I 
distracts his judgement, and his learning is very frequent- j 
ly disgraced by his absurdities. 

The votaries of the northern muses will not, perhaps, j 
easily restrain their indignation, when they find the name i 
of Junius thus degraded by a disadvantageous compari- | 
son; but, whatever reverence is due to his diligence or his i 
attainments, it can be no criminal degree of censorious- i 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. 



ness to charge that etymologist with want of judgement, 
who can seriously derive dream from drama, because life 
is a drama, and a drama is a dream ,• and who declares, 
with a tone of defiance, that no man can fail to deriva 
moan from pdvos, Gr. (monos,) single or solitary, who 
considers that grief naturally loves to be alone.* 

Our knowledge of the northern literature is so scanty, 
that of words undoubtedly Teutonick the original is not 
always to be found in any ancient language ; and I have 
therefore inserted Dutch or German substitutes, which 
I consider not as radical, but parallel, not as the parents, 
but sisters of the English. 

The words which are represented as thus related by 
descent or cognation, do not always agree in sense; for 
it is incident to words, as to their authors, to degenerate 
from their ancestors, and to change their manners, when 
they change their country. It is sufficient, in etymologi 
cal inquiries, if the senses of kindred words be found such 
as may easily pass into each other, or such as may both 
be referred to one general idea. 

The etymology, so far as it is yet known, was easily 
found in the volumes where it is particularly and pro- 
fessedly delivered ; and, by proper attention to the rules 
of derivation, the orthography was soon adjusted. But 
to COLLECT the WORDS of our language was a task 
of greater difficulty : the deficiency of dictionaries was 
immediately apparent ; and, when they were exhausted, 
what was yet wanting must be sought by fortuitous and 
unguided excursions into books, and gleaned, as industry 
should find, or chance should offer it, in the boundless 
chaos of a living speech. My search, however, has been 
either skilful or lucky ; for I have much augmented the 
vocabulary. 

As my design was a dictionary, common or appellative, 
I have omitted all words which have relation to proper 
names ; such as Arian,Socinian, Calvinist, Benedictine, 
Mahometan ; but have retained those of a more genera, 
nature, as Heathen, Pagan. 

Of the terms of art I have received such as could te found 
either in books of science or technical dictionaries; and 
have often inserted, from philosophical writers, words 
which are supported perhaps only by a single authority, 
and which, being not admitted into generafuse, stand yet 
as candidates or probationers, and must depend for their 
adoption on the suffrage of futurity. 

The words which our authors have introduced by their 
knowledge of foreign languages, or ignorance ol their 
own, by vanity or wantonness, by compliance with fashion 
or lust of innovation, I have registered as they occurred, 
though commonly only to censure them, and warn others 
against the folly of naturalizing useless foreigners to the 
injury of the natives. 
I have not rejected any by design, merely because they 



* That I may not appear to have spoken too irreverent- 
ly of Junius, I have here subjoined a few specimens of his 
etymological extravagance. 

Banish, religare, ex banno vel territorio exigere, in 
exilium agere. G. bannir. It. bandire, bandeggiarc. H. 
bandir. B.bannen. /Evimediiscriptoresfianniz-edicebant. 
V. Spelm. in Bannum & in Banleuga. Quoniam vero 
regionum urbiumq ; limites arduis plerumq ; montibus, 
altis fluminibus, longis deniq ; flexuosisq ; angustissi- 
marum viarum anfractibus includebantur. fieri potest id 
genus limites ban dici ab eo quod Bavvdrai &■ Bdvvarpot 
Tarentinis olim, sicuti tradit Hesychius, vocabantur, 
ai \o%o\ kcii p) l&ttTtvsis bboi, "obliqure ac minime in 
rectum tendentes viae." Ac fortasse quoque hue facit 
quod Bavvs, eodem Hesychio teste, dicebant op;; arpay 
yv^tj, montes arduos. 

Emi'TT, emtie, vacuus, inanis. A. S. jEmfcl^ 
Nescio an sint ab i,uao vel tuerdu). Vomo, evomo,vomi- 
tu evacuo. Videtur interim etymologiam hanc non ob 
score tirmare codex Rush. Matt. xji. 44. ubi antique scrip- 
turn invenimus ^emoefceb lufc erned^ 1 . " Invenit 
earn vacantem." 

Hill, mons, collis. A. S. hyll. Quod videri potest 
abscissum ex koXwvv vel koXwi/oj. Collis, tumulus, lo- 
cus in piano editior. Horn. II. b. v. 811. ?<rri of tu Tzpond- 
poiQz -okeos anrtia koAww?. Ubi authori brevium scho- 
liorum koXwvij exp. t6~os OS v^os avf)"«>v, yew\o<po$ 

Nap, to take a nap. Dormire, condormiscere. Cym. 
heppian. A. S. hnreppan. Quod postremum videri potest 
destimptum ex Kvicf>as, obscuritas, tenebrae: nihil enim 
aeque solet conciliare somnum, quam caliginosa profunda 
noctis obscuritas. 

Stammerer, Balbus, bkesus. Goth. Stamms. A. S. 
rtamen, rtamuri. D. slam. B. stameler. Su. stam- 
ma. Isl. stamr. Sunt a cnouv\eiv vel criouvWeiv, nim- 
ia loquacitate alios offendere ; quod impedite loquentes 
libentissime garrire soleant ; vel quod aliis nimii semper 
videantur, etiam parcissime loquentes. 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. 



xxift 



were unnecessary or exuberant ; but have received those 
which by different writers have been differently formed, 
as viscid and viscidity, viscous and viscosity. 

Compounded or double words I have seldom noted, ex- 
cept when they obtain a signification different from that 
which the components have in their simple state. Thus, 
highwayman, woodman, and horsecourser, require an ex- 
planation ; but of tliieflike or coacJidriver no notice was 
needed, because the primitives contain the meaning of the 
compounds. 

Words arbitrarily formed by a constant and settled 
analogy, like diminutive adjectives in ish, as greenish, 
bluish ; adverbs in ly, as dully, openly ; substantives in 
ness, as vileness, faultiness ; were less diligently sought, 
and sometimes have been omitted, when I had no authority 
that invited me to insert them ; not that they are not 
genuine and regular offsprings of English roots, but be- 
cause their relation to the primitive being always the 
same, their significations cannot be mistaken. 

The verbal nouns in ing, such as the keeping of the 
castle, the leading of the army, are always neglected, or 
placed only to illustrate the sense of the verb, except when 
they signify things as well as actions, and have therefore 
a plural number, as dwelling, living ; or have an abso- 
lute and abstract signification, as colouring, painting, 
learning. 

The participles are likewise omitted, unless, by signify- 
ing rather habit or quality than action, they take the nature 
of adjectives ; as a thinking man, a man of prudence ; a 
pacing horse, a horse that can pace : these I have ven- 
tured to call participial adjectives. But neither are these 
always inserted, because they are commonly to be under- 
stood, without any danger of mistake, by consulting the 
verb. 

Obsolete words are admitted, when they are found in 
authors not obsolete, or when they have any force or beau- 
ty that may deserve revival. 

As composition is one of the chief characteristicks of a 
language, I have endeavoured to make some reparation for 
the universal negligence of my predecessors, by inserting 
great numbers of compounded words, as may be found 
under after, fore, new, night, fair, and many more. 
These, numerous as they are, might be multiplied, but 
that use and curiosity are here satisfied, and the frame of 
our language and modes of our combination amply dis- 
covered. 

Of some forms of composition, such as that by which re 
is prefixed to note repetition, and un to signify contra- 
riety or privation, all the examples cannot be accumu- 
lated, because the use of these particles, if not wholly 
arbitrary, is so little limited, that they are hourly affixed 
to new words, as occasion requires, or is imagined to re- 
quire them. 

There is another kind of composition, more frequent in 
ou" language than perhaps in any other, from which 
arises to foreigners the greatest difficulty. We modify 
ihs signification of many words by a particle subjoined, 
as to come off, to escape by a fetch"; iofall on, to attack ; 
<o fall off, to apostatize ; to break off, to stop abruptly; 
to bear out, to justify ; to fall in, to comply ; to give 
over, to cease ; to set off, to embellish ; to set in, to begin 
a continual tenour ; to set out, to begin a course or jour- 
ney; to take off, to copy ; with innumerable expressions 
of the same kind, of which some appear wildly irregular, 
being so far distant from the sense of the simple words, 
that no sagacity will be able to trace the steps by which 
they arrived at the present use. These I have noted with 
great care ; and, though I cannot flatter myself that the 
collection is complete, I believe 1 have so far assisted the 
students of our language, that this kind of phraseology 
will be no longer insuperable, and the combinations of 
verbs and particles, by chance omitted, will be easily ex- 
plained by comparison with those that may be found. 

Many words yet stand supported only by the name of 
Bailey, Ainsworth, Phillips, or the contracted Diet, for 
Dictionaries subjoined ; of these I am not always certain 
that they are read in any book but the works of lexicog- 
raphers. Of such I have omitted many, because I had 
never read them ; and many I have inserted, because they 
may perhaps exist, though they have escaped my notice : 
they are, however, to be yet considered as resting only 
upon the credit of former dictionaries. Others, which I 
considered as useful, or known to be proper, though I 
could not at present support them by authorities, I have 
suffered to stand upon my own attestation, claiming the 
same privilege with my predecessors, of being sometimes 
credited without proof. 

The words, thus selected and disposed, are grammati- 
cally considered ; they are referred to the different parts 
of speech; traced, when they are irregularly inflected, 
through their various terminations ; and illustrated by 
observations, not indeed of great or striking importance, 
separately considered, but necessary to the elucidation 
of our language, and hitherto neglected or forgotten by 
English grammarians. 

That part of my work, on which I expect malignity most 



frequently to fasten, is the Explanation ; in which I can- 
not hope to satisfy those, who are, perhaps, not inclined 
to be pleased, since I have not always been able to satisfy 
myself. To interpret a language by itself is very diffi- 
cult ; many words cannot be explained by synonymes, be- 
cause the idea signified by them has not more than one 
appellation ; nor by paraphrase, because simple ideas 
cannot be described. When the nature of things is un- 
known, or the notion unsettled and indefinite, and various 
in various minds, the words by which such notions are 
conveyed, or such things denoted, will be ambiguous and 
perplexed. And such is the fate of hapless lexicography, 
that not only darkness, but light, impedes and distresses 
it ; things may be not only too little, but too much known, 
to be happily illustrated. To explain, requires the use 
of terms less abstruse than that which is to be explained, 
and such terms cannot always be found ; for, as nothing 
can be proved but by supposing something intuitively 
known, and evident without proof, so nothing can be de- 
fined but Dy the use of words too plain to admit a defi- 
nition. 

Other words there are, of which the sense is too subtle 
and evanescent to be fixed in a paraphrase ; such are all 
those which are by the grammarians termed expletives, 
and, in dead languages, are suffered to pass for empty 
sounds, of no other use than to fill a verse, or to modulate 
a period, but which are easily perceived in living tongues 
to have power and emphasis, though it be sometimes such 
as no other form of expression can convey. 

My labour has likewise been much increased by a class 
of verbs too frequent in the English language, of which 
the signification is so loose and general, the use so vague 
and indeterminate, and the senses detorted so widely from 
the first idea, that it is hard to trace themnthrough the 
maze of variation, to catch them on ihe brink of utter in- 
anity, to circumscribe them by any limitations, or inter- 
pret them by any words of distinct and settled meaning : 
such are bear, break, come, cast, full, get, give, do, put, 
set, go, run, make, take, turn, throw. If of these the 
whole power is not accurately delivered, it must be re- 
membered, that, while our language is yet living, and va- 
riable by the caprice of every one that speaks it, these 
words are hourly shifting their relations, and can no more 
be ascertained in a dictionary, than a grove, in the agita- 
tion of a storm, can be accurately delineated from its pic- 
ture in the water. 

The particles are among all nations applied with so 
great latitude, that they are not easily reducible under 
any regular scheme of explication ; this difficulty is not 
less, nor perhaps greater, in English than in other lan- 
guages. 1 have laboured them with diligence. I hope with 
success ; such at least as can be expected in a task, which 
no man, however learned or sagacious, has yet been able 
to perform. 

Some words there are which I cannot explain, because 
I do not understand them : these might have been omitted 
very often with little inconvenience, but I would not so 
far indulge my vanity as to decline this confession: for, 
when Tully owns himself ignorant whether lessus, in the 
Twelve Tables, means a. funeral song, or mourning gar- 
ment ; and Aristotle doubts whether ovpevs, in the Iliad, 
signifies a mule, or muleteer, I may surely, without 
shame, leave some obscurities to happier industry or fu- 
ture information. 

The rigour of interpretative lexicography requires that 
the explanation, and the word explained, should be al- 
ways reciprocal ; this I have always endeavoured, but 
could not always attain. Words are seldom exactly sy- 
nonymous ; a new term was not introduced, but because the 
former was thought inadequate; names, therefore, have 
often many ideas, but few ideas have many names. It 
was then necessary to use the proximate word ; for the 
deficiency of single terms can very seldom be supplied by 
circumlocution ; nor is the inconvenience great of such 
mutilated interpretations, because the sense may easily be 
collected entire from the examples. 

In every word of extensive use, it was requisite to mark 
the progress of its meaning, and show by what gradations 
of intermediate sense it has passed from its primitive to 
its remote and accidental signification ; so that every 
foregoing explanation should tend to that which follows, 
and the series be regularly concatenated from the first no- 
tion to the last. 

This is specious, but not always practicable ; kindred 
senses may be so interwoven, that the perplexity cannot 
be disentangled, nor any reason be assigned why one should 
be ranged before the other. When the radical idea branch- 
es out into parallel ramifications, how can a consecutive 
series bo formed of senses in their nature collateral? The 
shades of meaning sometimes pass imperceptibly into each 
other ; so that, though on one side they apparently differ, 
yet it is impossible to mark the point of contact. Ideas 
of the same race, though not exactly alike, are sometimes 
so little different, that no words can express the dissi- 
militude, though the mind easily perceives it, when they 
are exhibited together; and sometimes there ii such a 



XXIV 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE 



Confusion of acceptations, that discernment is wearied, 
and distinction puzzled, and perseverance herself hur- 
ries to an end, by crowding together what she cannot 
separate. 

These complaints of difficulty will, by those that have 
never considered words beyond their popular use, bo 
thought only the jargon of a man willing to magnify his 
labours, and procure veneration to his studies by involu- 
tion and obscurity. But every art is obscure to those that 
nave not learned it: this uncertainty of terms, and com- 
mixture of ideas, is well known to those who have joined 
philosophy with grammar; and if I have not expressed 
them vory clearly, it must be remembered that I am speak- 
ing of that which words are insufficient to explain. 

The original sense of words is often driven out of use 
oy their metaphorical acceptations, yet must be inserted 
*br the sake of a regular origination. Thus I know not 
whether ardour is used for material heat, or whether 
flagrant, in English, ever signifies the same with burn- 
ing? yet such are the primitive ideas of these words, 
which are therefore set first, though without examples, 
that the figurative senses may be commodiously deduced. 

Such is the exuberance of signification which many 
words have obtained, that it was scarcely possible to col- 
«ct all their senses ; sometimes the meaning of deriva- 
tives must be sought in the mother term, and sometimes 
deficient explanations of the primitive may be supplied in 
ine train of derivation. In any case of doubt or difficulty, 
•t will be always proper to examine all the words of the 
same race ; for some words are slightly passed over to 
avoid repetition, some admitted easier and clearer ex- 
planation than others, and all will be better understood, 
as they are considered in greater variety of structures and 
relations. 

All the interpretations of words are not written with 
the same skill, or the same happiness : things, equally easy 
in themselves, are not all equally easy to any single mind. 
Every writer of a long work commits errours, where there 
appears neither ambiguity to mislead, nor obscurity to 
confound him ; and, in a search like this, many felicities 
of expression will be casually overlooked, many convenient 
parallels will be forgotten, and many particulars will ad- 
mit improvement from a mind utterly unequal to the whole 
performance. 

But many seeming faults are to be imputed rather to 
the nature of the undertaking, than the negligence of the 
performer. Thus some explanations are unavoidably re- 
ciprocal or circular, as hind, the female of the stag ; 
stag, the male of the hind: sometimes easier words are 
■changed into harder, as burial into sepulture or inter- 
ment, drier into desiccative, d?-yness into siccity or arid- 
ity, fit into paroxysm j for the easiest word, whatever it 
be, can never be translated into one more easy. But easi- 
ness and difficulty are merely relative ; and, if the pres- 
ent prevalence of our language should invite foreign- 
ers to this Dictionary, many will be assisted by those 
words which now seem only to increase or produce 
obscurity. For this reason I have endeavoured frequent- 
ly to join a Teutonick or Roman interpretation, as to 
cheer, to gladden, or exhilarate, that every learner of 
English may be assisted by his own tongue. 

The solution of all difficulties, and the supply of all de- 
fects, must be sought in the examples subjoined to the 
various senses of each word, and ranged according to the 
lime of their authors. 

When first I collected these authorities, I was desirous 
that every quotation should be useful to some other end 
than the illustration of a word : I therefore extracted 
from philosophers principles of science ; from historians 
remarkable facts; from chy mists complete processes; 
from divines striking exhortations ; and from poets beau- 
tiful descriptions. Such is design, while it is yet at a 
distance from execution. When the time called upon me 
to range this accumulation of elegance and wisdom into 
an alphabetical series, I soon discovered that, the bulk 
of my volumes would fright away the student, and was 
forced to depart from my scheme of including all that was 
pleasing or useful in English literature, and reduce my 
transcripts very often to clusters of words in which scarce- 
ly any meaning is retained : thus, to the weariness of copy- 
ing, I was condemned to add the vexation of expunging. 
Some passages I have yet spared, which may relieve the 
»abour of verbal searches, and intersperse with verdure 
and flowers the dusty deserts of barren philology. 

The examples, thus mutilated, are no longer to be con- 
sidered as conveying the sentiments or doctrine of their 
authors: the word for the sake of which they are inserted, 
with all its appendant clauses, has been carefully pre- 
served; but it may sometimes happen, by hasty detrunca- 
tion, that, the general tendency of the sentence may be 
changed: the divine may desert his tenets, or the phi- 
losopher his system. 

Some of the examples have been taken from writers who 
weru never mentioned as masters of elegance or models 
of style; but words must be sought where they are used; 
and in what pages, eminent for purity, can terms of manu- 



facture or agriculture be found? Many quotations serve 
no other purpose than that of proving the bare existence 
of words, and arc therefore selected with less scrupulous- 
ness than those which are to teach their structures and 
relations. 

My purpose was to admit no testimony of living au- 
thors, that I might not be misled by partiality, and that 
none of my contemporaries might have reason to com- 
plain j nor have I departed from this resolution, but when 
some performance of uncommon excellence excited my 
veneration, when my memoi y supplied me from late books 
with an example that was wanting, or when my heart, in 
the tenderness of friendship, solicited admission for a fa- 
vourite name. 

So far have I been from any care to grace my pages 
with modern decorations, that f have studiously endeav- 
oured to collect examples and authorities from the writers 
before the Restoration, whose works I regard as thewells 
of English undefiled, as the pure sources of genuine dic- 
tion. Our language, for almost a century, has, by the 
concurrence of many causes, been gradually departing 
from its original Teutonick character, and deviating to- 
ward a Gallick structure and phraseology, from which it 
ought to be our endeavour to recall it, by making our an- 
cient volumes the ground work of style, admitting among 
the additions of later times only such as may supply real 
deficiencies ; such as are readily adopted by the genius 
of our tongue, and incorporate easily with our native 
idioms. 

But as every language has a time of rudeness antece- 
dent to perfection, as well as of false refinement and de- 
clension, I have been cautious lest my zeal for antiquity 
might drive me into times too remote, and crowd my book 
with words now no longer understood. 1 have fixed Sid- 
ney's work for the boundary, beyond which I make few 
excursions. From the authors, which rose in the time 
of Elizabeth, a speech might be formed adequate to all 
the purposes of use and elegance. If the language of the- 
ology were extracted from Hooker and the translation of 
the Bible; the terms of natural knowledge from Bacon; 
the phrases of policy, war, and navigation, from Raleigh; 
the dialect of poetry and fiction from Spenser and Sidney; 
and the diction of common life from Shakspeare, few ideas 
would be lost to mankind, for want of English words, in 
which they might be expressed. 

It is not sufficient that a word is found, unless it be so 
combined as that its meaning is apparently determined 
by the tract and tenour of the sentence ; such passages I 
have therefore chosen; and when it happened that any 
author gave a definition of a term, or such an explanation 
as is equivalent to a definition, I have placed his authority 
as a supplement to my own, without regard to the chron- 
ological order that is otherwise observed. 

Some words, indeed, stand unsupported by any authori- 
ty j but they are commonly derivative nouns or adverbs, 
formed from their primitives by regular and constant 
analogy, or names of things seldom occurring in books, or 
words of which I have reason to doubt the existence. 

There is more danger of censure from the multiplicity 
than paucity of examples ; authorities will sometimes 
seem to have been accumulated without necessity or use, 
and perhaps some will be found, which might, without 
loss, have been omitted. But a work of this kind is not 
hastily to be charged with superfluities : those quotations, 
which to careless or unskilful perusers, appear only to 
repeat the same sense, will often exhibit, to a more accu- 
j rate examiner, diversities of significations, or, at least, af- 
ford different shades of the same meaning : one will show 
the word applied to persons, another to things : one will 
express an ill, another a good, and a third a neutral sense ; 
one will prove the expression genuine from an ancient 
author, another will show it elegant from a modern ; a 
doubtful authority is corroborated by another of more 
credit; an ambiguous sentence is ascertained by a pas- 
sage clear and determinate; the word, how often soever 
repeated, appears with new associates and in different 
combinations, and every quotation contributes something 
to the stability or enlargement of the language. 

When* words are used equivocally, I receive them in 
either sense ; when they are metaphorical, I adopt them 
in their primitive acceptation. 

I have sometimes, though rarely, yielded to the tempta- 
tion of exhibiting a jenealogy of sentiments, by showing 
how one author copied the thoughts and diction of an- 
other: such quotations are indeed little more than repe- 
titions, which might justly be censured, did they not 
gratify the mind, by affording a kind of intellectual his- 
tory. 

The various syntactical structures occurring in the 
examples have been carefully noted ; the license or neg- 
ligence, with which many words have been hitherto used, 
has made our style capricious and indeterminate: when 
the different combinations of the same word are exhibited 
together, the preference is readily given to propriety, and 
I have often endeavoured to direct the choice. 

Thus I have laboured, by settling the orthography dis- 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. 



playing the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascer- n That many term3 of art and manufacture are omitted, 
taiuing the signification of English words, to perform all , must he frankly acknowledged ; but for this defect I may 
the parts of a faithful lexicographer: but I have not j 
always executed my own scheme, or satisfied my own ex- 
pectations. The work, whatever proof's of diligence and j 
attention it may exhibit, is yet capable of many improve- 



boldly allege that it was unavoidable: 1 could not visit 
caverns to learn the miner's language, nor take a voyago 
to perfect my skill in the dialect of navigation, nor visit 



the warehouses of merchants, and shops of artificers, to 
ments: the orthography which 1 recommend is still con- j| gain the names of wares, tools, and operations, of which 
trovertible ; the etymology which I adopt is uncertain, ,j no mention is found in books: what favourable accident, 
and perhaps frequently erroneous ; the explanations are 1 1 or easy inquiry, brought within my reach, has not been 



sometimes too much contracted, and sometimes too much 
diffused ; the significations are distinguished rather with 
subulty than skill, and the attention is harassed with 
unnecessary minuteness. 
The examples are too often injudiciously truncated, and 



eglected ; but it had been a hopeless labour to glean up 
| words, by courting living information, and contesting with 
j the sullenness of one, and the roughness of another. 
I To furnish the academicians delta Crusca with words 
! of this kind, a series of comedies called la Fiera, or the 



perhaps sometimes, I hope very rarely, alleged in a mis- II Fair, was professedly written by Buonarotti ; but I had 
taken sense ; for in making this collection 1 trusted more j no such assistant, and therefore was content to want 
to memory than, in a state of disquiet and embarrass- ji what they must hay« wanted likewise, had they not luck- 
ment, memory can contain ; and purposed to supply at the j ily been so supplied. 

review what was loft incomplete in the first transcription. I Nor are all words, which are not found in the vocahu- 
JVlany terms appropriated to particular occupations, ji lary, to be lamented as omissions. Of the laborious and 
though necessary and significant, are undoubtedly omit- j! mercantile part of the people, the diction is in a great 
ted; and of the words most, studiously considered and jj measure, casual and mutable; many of their terms are 
exemplified, many senses have escaped observation. j: formed for some temporary or local convenience, and, 

Yet these failures, however frequent, may admit exten- ji though current at certain times and places, are in others 
uation and apology. To have attempted much is always i utterly unknown. This fugitive cant, which is always in 
laudable, even when the enterprise is above the strength ii a state of increase or decay, cannot be regarded as any 
that undertakes it. To rest below his own aim is incident || part of the durable materials of a language, and therefore 
to every one whose fancy i3 active, and whose views arc \\ must be suffered to perish with other things unworthy of 
comprehensive ; nor is any man satisfied with himself j preservation. 

because he has done mucii, but because he can conceive j Care will sometimes betray to the appearance of nagli- 
little. When first I engaged in this work, I resolved to i gence. lie that is catching opportunities which seldom 
leave neither words nor things unexamined, and pleased j occur, will suffer those to pass by unregarded, which he 
myself with a prospect of the hours which I should revel ! expects hourly to return ; he that is searching for rare' 
away in feasts of literature, with the obscure recesses of I and remote things, will neglect those that are obvious and 
northern learning which'! should enter and ransack, the j familiar: thus many of the most common and cursory 
treasures with which I expected every search into those ! words have been inserted with little illustration, because 
neglected mines to reward my labour, and the triumph I in gathering the authorities, i forbore to copy those which 
with which I should display my acquisitions to mankind. | ! thought likely to occur whenever they were wanted. It 
When I had thus inquired into the original of words, L re- j is remarkable that, in reviewing my collection, I found 
solved to show, likewise, my attention to things ; to pierce |j the word Sea unexemplified. 

deep into every science, to inquire the nature of every j; Thus it happens, that in things difficult there is danger 
substance of which I inserted the name, to limit every j| from ignorance, and in things easy from confidence; the 
idea by a definition strictly logical, and exhibit every pro- j| mind, afraid of greatness ami disdainful of littleness, 
duction of art or nature in an accurate description, that I i hastily withdraws herself from painful searches, and 
my book might be in place of all other dictionaries wheth- | passes with scornful rapidity over tasks not adequate to 
er appellative or technical. But these were the dreams jj her powers ; sometimes too secure for caution, and again 
of a poet, doomed at last to wake a lexicographer. 1 soon j too anxious for vigorous effort ; sometimes idle in a plain 
found that it is too late to look for instruments, when I path, anjl sometimes distracted in labyrinths, and dissi- 
the work calls for execution; and that whatever abilities j ; pated by different intentions. 

I had brought to my task, with those I must finally per- i j A large work is difficult because it is large, even though 
form it. To deliberate whenever 1 doubted, to inquire Hall iis part* might singly be performed with facility; 
whenever 1 was ignorant, would have protracted the un- !| where there are many things to be done, each must be al- 
dertaking without end, and, perhaps, without much im- j lowed its share of time ami labour, in the proportion only 
provemeut ; for 1 did not find by my first experiments, jj which it bears to the whole; nor can it be expected, that 
that what 1 hail not of my own was easily to be obtained : || the stones, which form the dome of a temple, should be 
1 saw that one inquiry only gave occasion to another, that I squared and polished like the diamond of a ring, 
book referred to book, that to search was not always to ' Of the event of this work, for which, having laboured it 
find, and to find was not always to beinfoimed ; and thus |j with so much application, I cannot but have some degree 
to pursue perfection was, like the first inhabitants of Ar- j' of parental fondness, it is natural to form conjectures. 
cadia, to chase the sun, which, when they had reached j Those who have been persuaded to think well of my 
the hill where he seemed to rest, was still beheld at the j design, will require that it should fix our language, and 
same distance from them. i put a stop to those alteiations which time and chance 

1 then contracted my design, determining to confide in ( j have hitherto been suffered to make in it without oppo- 
myself, and no longer to solicit auxiliaries, which pro- 1 1 sit ion. With this consequence 1 will confess that I Hat- 
duced more encumbrance than assistance ; by this 1 oh- jjtered myself for a while ; but. now begin to fear that I 
lainod at least one advantage, that I set limits to my work, Ii have indulged expectation which neither reason nor ex- 
which would in time be ended*, though not completed. j; perience can justify. When we see men grow old and die 
Despondency has never so far prevailed as to depress !; at a certain time one after another, from century to cen- 
me to negligence ; some faults will at last appear to be ji tury, we laugh at the elixir that promises to prolong life 
the effects of anxious diligence and persevering activity. II to a thousand years ; and with equal justice may the lexi- 
The nice and subtle ramifications of meaning were not ji cographer be derided, who, being able to produce rib ex- 
easily avoided by a mind intent upon accuracy, and con- ji ample of a nation that has preserved their words and 
vinced of U*e necessity of disentangling combinations, and jj phrases from mutability, shall imagine that, his dictiona- 
separatiug similitudes; Many of the distinctions, which j: ry can embalm his language, and secure it from corruption 
to common readers appear useless and idle, will be found 'land decay ; that it is in his power to change sublunary un- 
real and important hymen versed in the school of phi- ji ture, and clear the world lit once from folly, vanity, anil 
losophy, without which no dictionary can ever be accu- l, affectation. 

ratcly compiled, or skilfully examined. ! With this hope, however, academies have been insti- 

Souie senses, However, there are, which, though not the lltnted, to guard the avenues of their languages, to retain 
same, are yet so nearly allied, that they are often con- jj fugitives, and repulse intruders ; hut their vigilance and 
founded. Most men think indistinctly, and therefore Ii activity have hitherto been vain ; sounds are too volatile 
cannot speak with exactness; and consequently some ex- jj and subtile for legal restraints; to enchain syllables, and to 
amples might be indifferently put to either signification: 'lash the wind, are equally the undertakings of pride, un- 
this uncertainty is not to be imputed to me, who do not I: willing to measure itsdesires by itsstreugth. The French 
form but register the language; who do not teach men jj language has visibly changed under the inspection of the 
how they should think, but relate how they have hitherto I 1 academy; the style of Amelot's translation of father 
expressed their thoughts. | Paul is observed by Le Conrayer to be un pen passe ; and 

The imperfect sense of some examples I lamented, hut }|no Italian will maintain, that the diction of any modern 
could not remedy, and hope they will be compensated by j: writer is not perceptibly different from that ofBoccacc, 
innumerable passages selected "with propriety, and pre- ;i Machiavel, or Caro. 

Berved with exactness ; some shining with sparks of jj Totul and sudden transformations of a language seldom 
imagination, and some replete with treasures of wisdom. ) happen; conquests and migrations are now very rare; 
The orthography and etymology, though imperfect, are j hut there are other causes of change, which, though slow 
not imperfect for want of care, but because care will notijin their operation, and Invisible in their progress, are, 
ulways be successful, and recollection or information come j perhaps, as much superiour to human resistance, as tha 
too late for use. Ii revolutions of the sky, or intumescence of the tide." Com- 



Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. 



merce, however necessary, however lucrative, as it de- 
praves the manners, corrupts the language : they that have 
•frequent intercourse with strangers, to whom they en- 
deavour to accommodate themselves, must in time learn 
a mingled dialect, like the jargon which serves the traf- 
fickers on the Mediterranean and Indian coasts. Thi3 
will not always be confined to the exchange, the ware- 
house, or the port, but will be communicated by degrees 
to other ranks of the people, and be at last incorporated 
with the current speech. 

There are likewise internal causes equally forcible. 
The language most likely to continue long without altera- 
tion, would be that of a nation raised a little, and but a 
little, above barbarity, secluded from strangers, and total- 
ly employed in procuring the conveniences of life; either 
without books, or, like some of the Mahometan countries, 
with very few: men thus busied and unlearned, having 
only such words as common use requires, would perhaps 
.ong continue to express the same notions by the same 
signs. But no such constancy can be expected in a people 
polished by arts, and classed by subordination, where one 
part of the community is sustained and accommodated by 
the labc-ar of the other. Those, who have much leisure 
to think, will always be enlarging the stock of ideas ; and 
every increase of knowledge, whether real or fancied, will 
produce new words, or combinations of words. When 
the mind is unchained from necessity, it will range after 
convenience ; when it is left at large in the fields of spec- 
ulation, it will shift opinions ; as any custom is disused, 
the words that expressed it must perish with it ; as any 
opinion grows popular, it will innovate speech in the same 
proportion as it alters practice. 

:? As by the cultivation of various sciences a language is | 
amplified, it will be more furnished with words deflected 
from their original sense: the geometrician will talk of a 
courtier's zenith, or the eccentiick virtue of a wild hero; 
and the physician of sanguine expectations and phleg- 
matick delays. Copiousness of speech will give oppor- 
tunities to capricious choice, by which some words will 
be preferred, and others degraded; vicissitudes of fashion j 
will enforce the use of new, or extend the signification of 
known terms. The tropes of poetry will make hourly 
encroachments, and the metaphorical will become the cur- 
rent sense : pronunciation will be varied by levity or igno- 
rance, and the pen must at length comply with the tongue ; 
illiterate writers will, at one time or other, by publick in- j 
fatuation, rise into renown, who, not knowing the original 
import of words, will use them with colloquial licentious- 
ness, confound distinction, and forget propriety. As po- 
liteness increases, some expressions will be considered as 
too gross and vulgar for the delicate, others as too formal 
and ceremonious for the gay and airy ; new phrases are 
therefore adopted, which must, for the same reasons, be 
in time dismissed. Swift, in his petty treatise on the 
English language, allows that new words must sometimes 
be introduced, but proposes that none should be suflered 
to become obsolete. But what makes a word obsolete 
more than general agreement to forbear it ? and how shall 
it he continued, when it conveys an offensive idea, or re- 
called again into the mouths of mankind, when it has 
once become unfamiliar by disuse, and unpleasing by un- 
familiarity? 

There is another cause of alteration, more prevalent 
than any other, which yet, in the present state of the 
world, cannot be obviated. A mixture of two languages 
will produce a third distinct from both ; and they will 
always be mixed, where the chief part ot education, and 
the most conspicuous accomplishment, is skill in ancient 
or in foreign tongues. He that has long cultivated another 
language, will find its words and combinations crowd 
upon his memory ; and haste and negligence, refinement 
and affectation, will obtrude borrowed terms and exotick 
expressions. 

The great pest of speech is frequency of translation. 
No book was ever turned from one language into another, 
without imparting something of its native idiom; this is 
the most mischievous and comprehensive innovation ; 
single words may enter by thousands, and the fabrick of 
the tongue continue the same ; but new phraseology 
changes much at once ; it alters not the single stones of 
the building, but the order of the columns. If an academy 
should be established for the cultivation of our style, 
which 1, who can never wish to see dependence multi- 
plied, hope the spirit of English liberty will hinder or de- 
stroy, let them, instead of compiling grammars and dic- 
tionaries, endeavour, with all their influence, to stop the 



license of translators, whose idleness and ignorance, if it 
be suffered to proceed, will reduce us to babble a dialect 
of France. 

If the changes that we fear be thus irresistible, what 
remains but to acquiesce With siience as in the other in- 
surmountable distresses of humanity ? It remains that we 
retard what we cannot repel, that we palliate what we 
cannot cure. Life may be lengthened by care, though 
death cannot be ultimately defeated : tongues, like gov- 
ernments, have a natural tendency to degeneration ; wo 
have long preserved our constitution, let us make some 
struggles for our language. 

In hope of giving longevity to that which its own na- 
ture forbids to be immortal, I have devoted this book, the 
labour of years, to the honour of my country, that we may 
no longer yield the palm of philology, without a contest 
to the nations of the continent. The chief glory of every 
people arises from its authors: whether 1 shall add any 
thing by my own writings to the reputation of English lit- 
erature, must be left to time: much of my life lias been 
lost under the pressures of disease ; much has been trifled 
away; and much has always been spent in provision for 
the day that was passing over me: but I shall not think 
my employment useless or ignoble, if, by my assistance, 
foreign nations and distant ages gain access to the prop- 
agators of knowledge, and understand the teachers of 
troth ; if my labours afford light to the repositories of 
science, and add celebrity to Bacon, to Hooker, to Milton, 
and to Boyle. 

When 1 am animated by this wish, I look with pleasure 
on my book, however defective, and deliver it to the world 
with the spirit of a man that has endeavoured well. That 
it will immediately become popular, I have not promised 
to myself: a few wild blunders, and risible absurdities, 
from which no work of sueh multiplicity was ever free, 
may for a time furnish folly with laughter, and harden 
ignorance in contempt ; but useful diligence will at last 
prevail, and there never can be wanting some who dis- 
tinguish desert ; who will consider that no dictionary of 
a living tongue ever can be perfect, since, while it is has- 
tening to publication, some words are budding, and some 
falling away ; that a whole life cannot be spent upon syn- 
tax and etymology, and that even a whole life would not 
be sufficient ; that he, whose design includes whatever 
language can express, must often speak of what he does 
not understand; that a writer will sometimes be hurried 
by eagerness to the end, and sometimes faint with weari- 
ness under a task, which Scaliger compares to the labours 
of the anvil and the mine; that what is obvious is not 
always known, and what is known is not always present; 
that sudden fits of inadvertency will surprise vigilance, 
slight avocations will seduce attention, and casual eclipses 
of the mind will darken learning ; and that the writer 
shall often in vain trace his memory, at the moment of 
need, for that which yesterday he knew with intuitive 
readiness, and which will come uncalled into his thoughts 
to-morrow. 

In this work, when it shall be found that much is omit- 
ted, let it not be forgotten that much likewise is per- 
formed : and though no book was ever spared out of ten- 
derness to the author, and the world is little solicitous to 
know whence proceeded the faults of that which it con- 
demns ; yet it may gratify curiosity to inform it, that the 
English Dictionary was written with little assistance of 
the learned, and without any patronage of the great ; not in 
the soft obscurities of retirement, or under the shelter of ac- 
ademick bowers, but amid inconvenience and distraction, 
in sickness and in sorrow. It may repress the triumph of 
malignant criticism to observe, that, if our language is 
not here fully displayed, I have only failed in an attempt 
which no human powers have hitherto completed. If the 
lexicons of ancient tongues, now immutably fixed, and com- 
prised in a few volumes, be yet, after the toil of successive 
ages, inadequate and delusive ; if the aggregated knowl- 
edge and co-operating diligence of the Italian academi- 
cians did not secure them from the censure of Beni ; if the 
imbodied criticks of France, when fifty years had been 
spent upon their work, were obliged to change its econo- 
my, and give their second edition another form, — I may 
surely be contented without the praise of perfect ion, which 
if I could obtain, in this gloom of solitude, what would it 
avail me ? I have protracted my work till most of those, 
whom 1 wished to please, have sunk into the grave, and 
success and miscarriage are empty sounds : I therefore 
dismiss it with frigid tranquillity, having little to fear or 
hope from censure or from praise. 



TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT 



TO HIS FIRST EDITION OF JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY. 



THE Dictionary of Dr. Johnson has been rightly pro- 
nounced a wonderful achievement of genius and labour. 
Yet Dr. Johnson admitted, that, in forming it, he had not 
satisfied his own expectations ; and, after a revision of it, 
he replied to a *friend, who had sent hnu additions too late 
to be inserted, that, if many readers had been as judicious, 
as diligent, and as communicative, the Dictionary would 
have been better. He probably, therefore, would not have 
scorned an augmentation or correction, though offered by j 
one of less attainments than his friend, if offered with due 
respect. 

This consideration supports, in some degree, the mind j 
of the present editor. For, though he feels all the diffi- j 
dence which most men would feel in occasionally ques- j 
tioning the authority of Dr. Johnson, he is induced to 
hope, that the warmest admirers of that incomparable 
man will not disparage the industry which he himself 
might perhaps have countenanced. 

The fruits, such ns they are, of the present editor's em- 
ployment, will be found in an abundant supply of words, 
which have hitherto been omitted ; in a rectification of 
many, which etymology, in particular, requires; and in 
exemplifying several, "which are without illustration. 
These words are often the property of authors, the " fvery 
dust of whose writings is gold ;" of Pearson and of Harrow, 
whose names might very frequently have graced the pages 
of a national Dictionary , of Bacon and Raleigh, of Jere- 
my Taylor, of Milton, and Hammond, and Hall, and many 
others, whose words indeed have largely, but of which ilie 
stock is not exhausted, conveyed, in the example, " Jsome 
elegance of language, or some precept of prudence or 
piety." These words commend to notice many writers, 
also, who have been unjustly neglected or slightly exam- 
ined ; men, who have taught with energy the lessons of , 
human life, and who have explored with accuracy the 
source of" ^English undefiled." The poet, as well us the i 
philosopher, of elder limes, will here sanction some ex- 
pressions, which, from their sound or significance, deserve 
to be rescued from oblivion. Indeed, without recourse to I 
such assistance, much valuable ore must still be buried in 
the mine ; the structure of words must sometimes remain 
undiscovered; and the coinage of many forcible terms be j 
still unguardedly [jimputed to the moderns. 

It is an opinion of irDryden, that the English language 
arrived to its highest perfection in Beaumont and Fletch- 
er ; and that " the words, which have since been taken in, 
are rather superfluous than ornamental." Few writers 
have afforded, to the present editor, so many passages of 
illustration as these dramatists. But it will be found, that 
our language has certainly derived new graces from many 
succeeding authors. 

" ** Words are the people's ; yet there is a choice of them 
to be made." For this reason, tiie present editor has de- 
clined to admit many into the Dictionary ; especially what 
are merely licenses of old comedy, and what was the fan- 



* The Reverend Mr. Bagshaw, of Bromley College. 
This answer is in Boswell's Life of Johnson. Additions 
and corrections, which had been made by this gentleman, 
have been intrusted to the present editor; of which, as 
well as of other communications, made to him with great 
liberality and without solicitation, he will, in the Intro- 
duction to this work, give an explicit account. 

t Bcntley, of Bishop Pearson. Dissert, on Phalaris. 

i Johnson's Plan of an English Dictionary. 

§ Spenser. 

|| Burnet objected against Milton, that ho had coined 
many new and rough words ; which is so far from being 
the case, that, if the remark of the old commentator on | 
Spenser may be applied, " t/ie 7cords arc not only English, i 
but also used of most excellent authors and most famous 
poets." Addison also has charged Milton with the coin- 
age of what had long been curient. 

IT In his Essay on Dramatick Poesy. 

** B. Jonson's Discoveries. 



tastical cant during tne great reoe.iion. • Nor has he made 
an indiscriminate collection of our archaisms. With 
words from such sources, his pages might have been in- 
creased an hundred-fold. But he has not neglected the 
notice of some expressions, even in authors of little fame, 
which exhibit what in better writers might be sought in 
vain, and by which an interesting custom, or a valuable 
provincial phrase, is sometimes illustrated. 

As he thus differs in opinion from those, who cannot 
allow the omission of any word in the language; so he 
has not been disposed to follow the advice of others, who 
would expunge innumerable words which Dr. Johnson has 
admitted. He has proposed to expunge none ; except in 
a few instances, where no such word, it will be found, in 
reality exists. 

In disturbing the etymology, and very rarely the def 
inition, or in adding to either, his meaning has been to 
accommodate the reader, without violating the order of 
the original work; and therefore be has not placed the 
emendation at a distance from its object, or continued the 
mistake which it has been his endeavour to rectify. Words, 
thus altered, whether in a great or small degree, will bo 
known by the typographical mark which follows them; 
and to others, which have hitherto wanted even a single 
instance of illustration ; as well as to some, which present 
an example from a ftprose -writer as well as a poet, or 
which are confirmed by a proof of higher authority than 
what is given : the same distinction is affixed. To the 
words newly produced another mark is subjoined. Among 
these, adverbs in hi, substantives in ncss, and verbal nouns 
in ifig", have been introduced without imitating the parsi- 
mony with which they have hitherto been exhibited. Nor 
will appellatives, derived from proper names, be thought 
intruders ; since they have sometimes acquired a meaning 
so unconnected with their origin, as to demand explana- 
tion ; and appellatives of a more general nature are agree- 
able to the regulation of Dr. Johnson himself, who admits 
a Pagan, though he has rejected a Quaker. 

Of some mistaken references, or imperfect citations, 
which Dr. Johnson has given, the rectification is without 
speciiick notice ; and of such improvements the number, 
no doubt, might have been much enlarged. But to note 
minutely all his extracts, would be perhaps a difficulty 
almost as insurmountable as to correct every mistake. 
The editions of his Dictionary have been compared ; and 
there are many curious variations, especially from the first. 
That of his last revision, " JJin which he expunged some 
superfluities and corrected some mistakes, scattering here 
and there a remark," has been principally regarded ; but 
not without attention to that, which has gj'en a few 
posthumous additions. 

That the value of the citations may be dulwiopreciated. 
the present editor intends to offer some notices of the au- 
thors ciied; which will also chronologically, as well as 
critically, illustrate the history of our language. And 
that history of the language, which has been given by 
Dr. Johnson, will be augmented with many curious and 
some hitherto ineditetl materials. 

And now, admitting that Dr. Johnson's Dictionary is 
not without defect, let it. be considered that a work of this 
j kind must necessarily be defective; that in dictionaries, 
more than in other books, faults will be committed ; be- 
cause, as the great lexicographer has said, he who makes 
them must oi'ieii write of what he does not understand. 
With him, however, rests the entire merit of a Plan, which 
other labourers in lexicography must regard with admira- 
tion and gratitude, however unable, individually, to com- 
plete it. 

Thus the aim at universality, which Dr. Ash, since the 
publication of Johnson's Dictionary, has shown in his ex- 
tensive and useful Vocabulary, has however failed in 



ff Agreeably to the Plan of Dr. Johnson. 
j J The letter, stating this, is preserved in Boswell's Life 
of Johnson- 



TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT. 



gome particulars; and yet wants many sterling words. 
Nor has the Supplement of Mr. Mason to the great work 
of Johnson been received with much regard. F'or he pro- 
fosses, that he lias little knowledge ot those languages, 
without which etymological criticism cannot be employed. 
He haa drawn from obscurity many colloquial licenses, 
indeed, but comparatively few expressions of dignity. 
Where he has been serviceable, it has been a pleasure to 
incorporate his labours. He had doubtless some talents 
for research ; but he has lowered them by perpetually in- 
sulting the memory of Johnson, whom he brands with 
" muddiness of intellect." Not such have been the exer- 
tions of the Reverend Mr. Boucher; of which a specimen 
has been given to the publick in the first letter of the 
alphabet, and which abundantly, as well as most, learned- 
ly, shows bow much remains to be done, in order to have 
a perfect view of the English language. 

Tho proprietors of this work have, with unsolicited 
kindness, procured, for the present editor's inspection, the 
papers of the late, Mr. Home Tooke, and his copy of John- 
son's Dictionary, with some marginal remarks; the late 
Mr. Hcrnshall's interleaved but slightly noted copy of the 
same ; and the late Mr. Eyre's copy, with additional ref- 
erences in the margin. But these have yielded no great 
harvest of intelligence. What has been gained will be 
more fully detailed, with other obligations to his friends, 
from whom he must not here omit to mention that he has 



received some remarks of the late Mr. Malone, in tho gen- 
eral Introduction to this work. 

After all, what the present editor has done he considers 
but as dust in the balance, when weighed against the 
work of Dr. Johnson. He is content, it his countrymen 
shull admit, that he has contributed somewhat towards 
that which many hands will not exhaust ; that his efforts, 
though imperfect, are not useless. And if any should se- 
verely insist, that he ought to have preserved so much 
caution through the work, as rarely to sink into negli 
gence; and to have obtained so much knowledge of nil its 
parts, as seldom to *fail by ignorance; he has only to 
hope, that their frequent disappointment maybe consoled 
by the following words: " fHe that endureth no faults in 
men's writings must only read his own, wherein, for the 
most part, all appeareth white. Quotation, mistakes, in 
advertency, expedition, and human lapses, may make noi 
only moles, but warts, in learned authors ; who, notwith- 
standing, being judged by the capital matter, admit not 
of disparagement" 

Aug. 1. 1814.J H. J. TODD. 



* See Dr. Johnson's Plan of an English Dictionary. 
t Sir Thomas Brown's Christian Morals, p. ii. $3. 
t [The publication of this edition was completed n 

LU-r 



1814— Editor.] 



1 



TODD'S INTRODUCTION 



TO HIS FIRST EDITION OP JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY. 



THE nature and design of the additions and alterations, 
■which are made in the present publication of Dr. John- 
son's Dictionary, are explained in the preceding Advertise- 
ment. It remains to specify my obligations to others, in 
the preparation of the work ; and to introduce to the 
reader's notice such other circumstances, connected with 
the progress of it, as it becomes me to state. 

The first, and in my own opinion the most important, ob- 
ligation which I have to acknowledge, is to James Boswell, 
Esq. of the Middle Temple, the son of the biographer of 
Johnson, the friend of the late Edmond Malone, and a 
zealous promoter of the cause of literature. Among the 
valuable books of Mr. Malone, consigned to the care of 
Mr. Boswell, there was a copy of Dr. Jo'hnson's Dictiona- 
ry, interleaved, and bound in three volumes, in which Mr. 
Malone had " inserted a great number of additional words 
and examples omitted by Johnson." With the frankness, 
which distinguishes the real lover of learning, Mr. Bos- 
well sent these volumes to me, of the existence of which 
I had not before known : allowing me, at the same time, 
to extract any of the observations, which Mr. Malone had 
made, for the purpose of the present work. The accu- 
racy and diligence of Mr. Malone could not but render the 
business of examining his volumes very pleasing ; nor 
fail to afford abundant service towards the labour in which 
I was employed. His statement, at the beginning of the 
first of the volumes, is this: " 1052 manuscript remarks in 
the three volumes of this most, valuable Dictionary : for 
the greater part I am answerable: those, to which D is 
subscribed, were written by Samuel Dyer." — Of these ad- 
ditional words and examples, a large number is taken from 
the works of Bishop Hall in particular, and from those of 
other writers in the reigns of Elizabeth and her succes- 
sor; most of which, in the course of my studies, had been 
long since selected also by myself j the fitness of which 
for my design, I was therefore proud to find corroborated 
by the judgement of Mr. Malone. That I have omitted 
many of his additions, I will not conceal ; that I have, in 
particular cases, expressly summoned him to my aid, 
will be obvious; and that he would not have disdained 
the manner in which I have adopted any of his improve- 
ments, I am persuaded. 

To the President and Fellows of Sion College, I am next 
to say, that, in like manner, I am indebted for an unso- 
licited offer of the use of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, be- 
longing to their library; in the margins of which, refer- 
ences to authors for examples where several words have 
none, and also some new words with examples, are pointed 
out by the \i\U Rev. Mr. Bagshaw, of Bromley, one of the 
friends of Dr. Johnson. But they are principally mere 
references, in number about 600, and chiefly to our theo- 
logical writers ; of which some agree with examples cited 
by Mr. Malone or myself, and some with others which 
have appeared in Mr. Mason's Supplement to Dr. John- 
son's Dictionary. Etymological remarks are rarely found 
among these proofs of Mr. Bagshaw's diligence. By the 
perusal of the whole, however, I have been much grati- 
fied, as well as often confirmed in matters which had be- 
fore excited hesitation. 

For the sight of an interleaved copy of Dr. Johnson's 
Dictionary, which belonged to the late Rev. Mr. Henshall, 
I have been obliged to Messrs. Longman and Co., book- 
sellers. The copy is formed into four volumes: that, 
which ends with the letter C, contains the most of his 
fanciful, however learned, annotations : the rest are thin- 
ly sown with remarks. I am not aware of having derived 
advantago from this favour. 

From the same gentlemen I received another copy of 
the Dictionary, idled with marginal remarks by the late 
Rev. Mr. Eyre. Though these remarks, like Mr. Bag- 
shaw's, are mostly references ; and though they are refer- 
ences principally to recent publications, as reviews and 
magazines, of which, at the beginning of the book, Mr. 
Evre gives a list; as plays and novels, also, of our own 
days ; one cannot but admire tho indefatigable industry 
of the scholiast, in crowding the margins with words or 



sentences, intended (I should suppose in very many id 
stances) rather for future consideration, than for decider! 
addition. Had the same attention been paid to our old 
authors, the labour of Mr. Eyre would have been invalua- 
ble. Probably, not having access to many writers of this 
description, Mr. Eyre availed himself of the less useful 
information within his reach ; and bestowed acute, as well 
as diligent, investigation upon objects not always deserv- 
ing it. Sometimes, though rarely, he has given a citation 
from a book of elder times ; a citation generally admissi- 
ble. The writer of a future dictionary maj, perhaps, 
often betake himself to this storehouse of information. 
What I have scrupled to adopt may, at no distant period, 
demand, on increasing authority, admission into an Eng- 
lish dictionary ; and eccentrick terms, which have been 
employed by questionable writers to express common con- 
ceptions, may perhaps lose their novelty, or their quaint* 
ness, in sage and solemn usage.' 

There remains to be expressed another obligation to 
these gentlemen for the use of several books and papers, 
which were the property of the late Mr. Home Tooke 
Of these in due order. The first has been a copy of Dr 
Johnson's Dictionary in two folio volumes, with margina. 
notes; in which there are not fifty that can be of service 
to any lexicographer, (as 1 perhaps mistakingly conceive,; 
who is in possession of the Diversions of Purley. This 
copy had been purchased at the sale of Mr. Tooke's libra- 
ry, and is said to have been intended, by the purchaser, to 
bo the basis of a new English dictionary. By the pur- 
chaser, however, it was consigned to Messrs. Longman 
and Co.; and the publick will with me lament, that any 
intention should have been impeded, of which the fur- 
therance might at once have crushed my humble attempt. 
At the beginning of this copy there are the names of 
some authors entered ; on the Preface there are some re 
marks, not of the most liberal character; and to the His- 
tory of the Language, and to the Grammar, there is no 
addition of importance. The Hermes of Mr. Harris, 
another of Mr. Tooke's books, abounding with his notes 
of haughtiest mood, has been of no use whatever to my 
purpose. His folio copy of Beaumont and Fletcher, with 
words marked in the margins, (an employment in which 
he was assisted by a distinguished living character,) has 
been of great service to me ; being the same edition as 
that from which my own remarks had been formed, and 
thus, by easy reference, confirming my choice with respect 
to dubious expressions, as well as pointing out others, 
which 1 had overpassed. The Gothick and Saxon Dic- 
tionary of Lye, edited by J r. Manning, was also among 
the printed volumes of Mr Tooke intrusted to me ; upoii 
which the manuscript remarks afforded no intelligence of 
consequence. I come next to the observations upon our 
language, which Mr. Tooke left in manuscript books ; at 
! least such as I have examined. These were fifteen quar- 
I to books, containing the words of Dr. Johnson's Dictiona- 
ry in regular order, with some additions, more particularly 
adverbs and substantives derived from adjectives; but 
I without example, or other notice than the mere entry of 
j the word. This employment occasionally suggested to 
| me the introduction of such words into the dictionary, 
especially when I could support them by example. And 
| therefore to this employment of Mr. Tooke I gladly ac- 
| knowledge myself indebted. Six quarto books, containing 
words arranged according to terminations, as in and, ard, 
I ed, est, &c, have been without use to me, however they 
might have been intended for some valuable purpose by 
Mr. Tooke. Of a quarto, entitled Roots, which are Latin 
verbs, with English words stated to be derived from them, 
I found no occasion to avail myself. In another, entitled 
Gothick RooU, consisting of not many written pages, 
there was little to be observed, which was not already iu 
Lye. Out of three quartos, entitled Index Expurgatorius, 
or a list of such words as Mr. Tooke would have dis- 
charged from Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, I have made no 
selection ; some, which he rejects, being supported by no 
mean authority ; and some, being local, deserving to be 



>*xx 



TODD'S INTRODUCTION. 



retailed. I think that in the letter A the arbitrary abo- 
litions amount to abo»'t 800. Besides these books, there 
was a "reat variety o» cards, upon which were written 
terminaions entered in the quarto volumes, and other in- 
tended \erbal arrangements. There was also one set, 
denounciig certain words as false English,* and arranged 
^according to terminations, which I have printed at the 
«lose of tha Dictionary ; both as it is a specimen of the 
employment which I have been describing, and as a criti- 
cism rarely '.o be questioned. — Such is the account of the 
.papers, left by Mr. Tooke, which I have seen; which in- 
dicate, I think, that he had once intended to compile an 
English dictionary. If more had been left to show that 
lie had other illustrations to offer, not dissimilar to those 
which bis Diversions of Purley had communicated, his 
friends would sorely not have suffered them to slumber in 
inglorious silence. For that work, in which he has so 
-acutely illustrated an ancient system, he has the thanks 
of every sound philologist; though it has been well re- 
marked, that he has not laid in it, as he imagined, the 
foundation for future philosophers. 

I am now to offer my thanks to the Rev. Archdeacon 
Churton, and the Rev. J. B. Blakeway ; by whose remarks, 
communicated without solicitation, and without con- 
ditions, I have been, in several instances, materially as- 
sisted : to John Nichols, Esq. for the perusal of papers, 
illustrating our language, which were written by the late 
Dr. Pegge, and which offered, though mostly interwoven 
into his own publications, a gleaning or two to be gathered : 
to Roger Wilbraham, Esq. for the use of some uncommon 
books in his possession, and for some pertinent observa- 
tions: and to Martin Whish, Esq. of whose attention, 
though directing me not seldom to what my own re- 
searches had also marked, I cannot express too grateful a 
sense, when I consider the largeness of the communica- 
tions, and the liberality with which they were made. 
Some notices have been sent by others, whose good in- 
tentions I respect, in number and importance too incon- 
siderable to require further acknowledgement. Nor have 
I been without obligation, in the progress of my employ- 
ment, to criticisms which wanted, as well as to those 
which possessed, the writer's name ; in which, on the one 
hand, much wit has been employed upon what are justly 
termed my feeble exertions; and, on the other, indigna- 
tion has hurled its thunderbolts at my presumption; in 
which pretended illustrations and detections of mistake 
/penned in the bewitching hours of self-delusion) have 
been also proposed ; which, upon examination, have only 
discovered how liable we all are to be deceived, and how 
mucin it behoves the maker or augmenter of a dictionary 
not always to rely implicitly upon proffered kindness, nor 
wholly to disregard the oppositions of sportive or ma- 
licious ingenuity. 

That there may soon be new makers of an English 
dictionary, it is warrantable to conjecture, knowing, as I 
do, that other gentlemen have bestowed attention upon 
the subject; the incorporation of whose services, not 
altogether free from conditions, it was beyond my power, 
if it had been my wish, after my plan was formed, to 
make. The treasures which now remain in their own 
management, undispersed, may therefore, if the owners I 
choose, be laid before the pablick, without intermixture, 
and without omission. 

The *History of the English Language I have augment- 
ed with some new materials. To the ^Grammar I have 
added Notes, which are principally illustrative of orthog- 
raphy, and of the etymological system so powerfully re- 
called to modern notice by Mr. Tooko ; to which are 
subjoined the grammatical ten irks of Mr. Tyrwhitt upon 
our ancient language. Forthe onvenience of the volumes 
the Grammar has its place in the last. After it follows 
a *List of Authors ; of whom many perhaps might be con- 
sidered too obscure to have been formally cited in the 
Dictionary, if it could be denied, in the words of Johnson, 
that " fthe riches of the English tongue are much greater 
than they are commonly supposed ; that many useful and 
valuable books lie buried in shops and libraries unknown 
and unexamined, unless some lucky compiler opens them 



[* The list of words pronounced by Mr. Tooke to be 
11 false English," Dr. Johnson's " History of the English 
Language," and his " Grammar of the English Tongue," 
are not. contained in ihis Dictionary ; but the " List of 
Authors" is inserted at the end of the volume.— Editor, j 
t Idler, No. 91. 



by chance, and finds an easy spoil of wit and learning. " 
Of old authors, as of old words, let no one make too hasty 
a rejection. Sarcasm may expose its impotence, as well 
as ignorance, in arraigning either; unaccustomed to ol>- 
serve that from the one (the partially " unknown and 
unexamined") our best writers have occasionally not dis- 
dained to draw wisdom ; and that with the other they 
have warranted the use of terms, which the jeer of modern 
hypercriticism would discard. It may be easy, though it 
is not " Jpleasant without scurrility," if 1 may use Sir 
Nathaniel's phrase, to present both words and sentences, 
with the juxtaposition of a quaint title, in a manner so 
detached as to excite no favourable opinion of the book, 
or rather to destroy all belief that it possesses any power 
of conveying knowledge. I might have omitted some 
citations from modern writers. But the canons yet re- 
main to be promulged, by which the extremes of opposite 
tastes are to be settled. The precise period, at which 
antiquity is to be regarded as a rule, is not yet determined : 
the standard "§one inclines to remove to the distance of 
a century and a half; another may, with as good reason, 
fix it three centuries backwards ; and another six." 
May we then expect decision upon these points from a 
society for refining the language, and fixing its standard I 
Alas I Johnson himself has told us, that " ||the edicts of an 
English Academy would probably be read by many only 
that they might be sure to disobey them !" 

For the paucity of curious or satisfactory information, 
which my additions and alterations exhibit, and for the 
abundance of inaccuracies and faults which have escaped 
my care, I may not, I hope, solicit the pardon of the 
candid reader in vain. I should indeed have been thrown 
into irrecoverable confusion and dismay, in reconsidering 
what I have done, if, for an humble attendant, also, there 
were not consolation in the words of the master, which 
first accompanied the fourth edition of his Dictionary:— 
"Many are the works of human industry, which to 
begin and finish are hardly granted to the same man. 
He that undertakes to compile a dictionary, undertakes 
that, which, if it comprehends the full extent of his de- 
sign, he knows himself unable to perform. Yet his la- 
bours, though deficient, may be Huseful, and, with the 
hope of this inferiour praise, he must incite his activity, 
and solace his weariness. 

"Perfection is unattainable, but nearer and nearer ap- 
proaches may be made ; and, finding my Dictionary about 
to be reprinted, I have endeavoured, by a revisal, to make 
it less reprehensible. I will not deny, that I found many 
parts requiring emendation, and many more capable of 
improvement. Many faults I have corrected, some super- 
fluities I have taken away, and some deficiencies I have 
supplied. I have methodized some parts that were dis- 
ordered, and illuminated some that were obscure. Yet 
the changes or additions bear a very small proportion to 
the whole. The critick will now have less to object, but 
the student who has bought any of the former copies 
needs not repent; he will not, without nice collation, 
perceive how they differ ; and usefulness seldom depends 
upon little things. 

" For negligence, or deficience, 1 have perhaps not need 
of more apology than the nature of the work will furnish i 
I have left that inaccurate which never was made exact, 
and that imperfect which never was completed." — 

Of the present augmented edition of Dr. Johnson's 
Dictionary the proprietors, as I am informed, intend to 
publish, as soon as possible, in the octavo size, an abridge- 
ment ; in which I have respectfully, and for unanswerable " 
reasons, declined any concern whatever. And I now re- 
linquish altogether the labours of lexicography, with the 
hope that my omissions and imperfections may stimulate 
the accurate and the judicious so to form a dictionary of 
our language, as not to subject it to any of the animad 
versions which will be made on my attempt. 

HENRY JOHN TODD 
May 29, 1818. 



X IiOve's Lab. Lost. 

$ Campbell, Philos. of Rhetorick. 

II Life of Roscommon. 

ir " Dans la derniere s6ance de l'Academie, il [Voltaire} 

parla fort long-temps et avec la plus grande chaleur sur 

1' utilite d' un nouveau Dictionnaire concu a peu pres su» 

la meme plan que celui della Crusca, ou celui de jokn- 

1 6 on." Grimm, Mem. torn. ii. 



TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT 



TO HIS SECOND EDITION, PUBLISHED IN 1827. 



THE Dictionary ofDr. Johnson, with my additions, hay- 
in* been acceptable to the publick, a reimpression of it 
has been required. I have, in consequence, been asked to 
render any assistance to the reimpression which might be 
in ray power. What I have been able to do has been done 
with cheerfulness, in gratitude for the reception of my 
former extensive labours. . Removed by my present resi- 
dence from the easy reach of that abundance of books, 
and conversation of men of letters, which then aided my 
inquiries, I yet have offered (though in number together 
not more, perhaps, than between two and three thousand) 
some emendations and some new words. These have been 
the fruits of leisure in a retired situation ; and for these, 
with the exception of a few remarks from one learned 
friend, I have been indebted almost wholly to books in my 
own collection. 

Additions, indeed, have been suggested, in separate 
forms, to my first edition of this Dictionary by other gen- 
tlemen. Of such labours I am quite sure that I could 
have no right to avail myself further than by a correction 
of a very few pardonable errours ; and, with respect to 
opinions in which they may have been pleased to differ 
from me, I do not think myself required to answer them. 
May these learned persons be more useful than I can be. 
Still they will find that much is yet to be done. " *Daily 
both new words," as an ancient lexicographer well ob- 
serves, ■ are invented, and books still found that make a 
new supply of old.'' Our many excellent writers, during 



* Florio'g World of Word*, Ital. and Eng. Pref. 1598. 



| the reigns of Elizabeth and James the First, will yet abun- 
dantly exemplify the latter part of this remark. And to 
the selection of examples, as well as to etymology, and to 
definition, and to orthography, and to accentuation, the 
industry and judgement of many yet remain to be direct- 
, i ed, divided, as they ought to be, into distinct studies, ere 
;| we can hope to see a beautiful whole, a standard of pure 
| J and exact phraseology. Our provincialisms, too, solicit 
j especial notice; as I have found by a residence of six 
years in the north of England, which has occasioned the 
introduction into the following pages of more northern 
phrases than are in the former edition ; in the description 
of which lam generally confirmed by the entertaining and 
useful Glossaries of the Craven Dialect and of Mr. Brock- 
ett, published within the last three years ; and to them I 
always refer with pleasure. To the very curious Glos- 
sary, also, of Cheshire Words, by my learned friend, Roger 
Wilbraham, Esq. I have been much indebted. The recent 
Collection of Suffolk Words, by Major Moor, has likewise 
occasionally strengthened an observation. The same may 
be said of West Country Words, published in 1825 by Mr. 
Jennings ; to whose candour, in his remark upon the first 
edition of this Dictionary, (in which he suggests improve- 
ment -*and addition that must, however, be the work of 
many, I repeat, and not of an individual,) I am also obliged ; 
for he says, " that, although the work will still admit of 
considerable addition and improvement, it contains, in his 
judgement, the greatest mass of informatior 9a the subject 
of our own language at present extant.' 1 

H. J. T. 
Feb. 12, 1827. 



WALKER'S PREFACE 



TO HIS PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY. 



FEW subjects have of late years more employed the 
pons oi' every class of criticks, than the improvement of 
ihe English language. The greatest abilities in the na- 
tion have been exerted in cultivating and reforming it ; 
nor have a thousand minor criticks been wanting to add 
their mite of amendment to their native tongue. John- 
son, whose large mind and just taste made him capable 
of enriching and adorning the language with original 
composition, has condescended to the drudgery of disen- 
tangling, explaining, and arranging it, and left a lasting 
monument of his ability, labour, and patience: and Dr. 
Lowth, the politest scholar of the age, has veiled his su- 
periority in his short Introduction to English Grammar. 
The ponderous folio has gravely vindicated the rights of 
analogy ; and the light, ephemeral sheet, of news has cor- 
rected errours in grammar, as well as in politicks, by slyly i 
marking them in Italicks. 

Nor has the improvement stopped here. While John- 
son and Lowth have been insensibly operating on the or- 
thography and construction of our language, its pronun- 
ciation has not been neglected. The importance of a 
consistent and regular pronunciation was too obvious to 
be overlooked ; and the want of this consistency and reg- 
ularity has induced several ingenious men to endeavour 
at a reformation ; who, by exhibiting the regularities 
of pronunciation, And pointing out its analogies, have re- 
claimed some words that were not irrecoverably fixed in 
a wrong sound, and prevented others from being pervert- 
ed by ignorance or caprice. 

Among those writers who deservo the first praise on 
this subject is Mr. Elphinston ; who, in his Principles of 
the English Language, has reduced the chaos to a sys- 
tem; and, by a deep investigation of the analogies of our 
tongue, has laid the foundation of a just and regular pro- 
nunciation. 

After him, Dr. Kenrick contributed a portion of im- 
provement by his Rhetorical Dictionary ; in which the 
words are divided into syllables as they are pronounced, 
and figures placed over the vowels, to indicate their dif- 
ferent sounds. But this gentleman has rendered his die- I 
tionary extremely imperfect, by entirely omitting a great 
number of words of doubtful and difficult pronunciation 
—those very words for which a dictionary of this kind 
would be most consulted. 

To him succeeded Mr. Sheridan, who not only divided 
the words into syllables, and placed figures over the vow- 
els as Dr. Kenrick had done, but, by spelling these sylla- 
bles as they are pronounced, seemed to complete the idea 
of a pronouncing dictionary, and to leave but little ex- 
pect ;it ion of future improvement. It must, indeed, be 
confessed, that Mr. Sheridan's dictionary is greatly supe- 
riour to every other that preceded it ; ;ind his method of 
conveying the s.;und of words, by spelling them as they 
arc pronounced, is highly rational and useful. But here 
sincerity obliges me to stop. The numerous instances I 
have given of impropriety, inconsistency, and want of ac- 
quaintance with the analogiesof the language, sufficient- 
ly show how imperfect* I think his dictionary is upon 
the whole, and what ample room was left for attempting 
another, that might better answer the purpose of a guide 
to pronunciation. 

The last writer on this subject is Mr. Nares, who, in 
his Elements of Orthoepy, has shown a clearness of 
method, and an extent of observation, which deserve the 
highest encomiums. His preface alone proves him an 
elegant writer, as well as a philosophical observer of lan- 
guage: and his Alphabetical Index, referring near five 
thousand words to the rules for pronouncing them, is a 
new and useful method of treating the subject: but he 
teems, on many occasions, to have mistaken the best 
usage, and to have paid too little attention to the first 
principles of pronunciation. 



* See Principles, No. 124, 126, 129, 386, 454, 462, 479, 
480, 530; and the words Assume, Collect, Covetous, Don- 
ative, Ephemera, Satiety, &c., and the inseparable prep- 
osition dis. 



I Thus I have ventured to give my opinion of my rivals 
and competitors, and I hope without envy or self-conceit. 
Perhaps it would have been policy in me to have been si- 
lent on this head, for fear of putting the publick in mind 
that others have written on the subject as well as my- 
I self: but this is a narrow policy, which, under the colour 
j of tenderness to others, is calculated to raise ourselves at 
I 1 heir expense. A writer, who is conscious he deserves 
| the attention of the publick, (and unless he is thus con- 
scious he ought not to write,) must not only wish to be 
j compared with those who have gone before him, but will 
promote the comparison, by informing his readers what 
others have done, and on what he founds his pretensions 
i to a preference; and, if this be done with fairness and 
Without acrimony, it can be no more inconsistent with 
modesty, than it is with honesty and plain dealing. 

The work I have offered on the subject has, I hope, 
added something to the publick stock: it not only exhib- 
its the principles of pronunciation on a more extensive 
plan than others have done, divides the words into sylla- 
bles, and marks the sounds of the vowels, like Dr. Ken- 
rick, spells the words as they are pronounced, like Mr. 
Sheridan, and directs tho inspector to the rule by the 
word, like Mr. Nares ; but, where words are subject to dif- 
ferent pronunciations, it shows the reasons from analogy 
for each, produces authorities for one side and the other, 
and points out the pronunciation which is preferable. In 
short, I have endeavoured to unite the science of Mr. El- 
phinston, the method of Mr. Nares, and the general utili- 
ty of Mr. Sheridan ; and, to add to these advantages, have 
given critical observations on such words as are subject 
to a diversity of pronunciation, and have invited the in- 
spector to decide according to analogy and the best 
usage. 

But to ail works of this kind there lies a formidable 
objection; which is, that the pronunciation of a language 
is necessarily indefinite and fugitive, and that all endeav- 
ours to delineate or settle it are in vain. Dr. Johnson, 
in his grammar prefixed to his dictionary, says: " Most 
of the writers of English grammar have given long tablos 
of words pronounced otherwise than they are written, 
and seem not sufficiently to have considered, that, of 
English, as of all living tongues, there is a double pronun - 
ciation; one cursory and colloquial, the other regular 
and solemn. The cursory pronunciation is always vague 
and uncertain, being made different in different mouths, 
by negligence, unskilfulness, or affectation. The solemn 
pronunciation, though by no means immutable and per- 
manent, is yet always less remote from the orthography, 
and less liable to capricious innovation. They have, 
however, generally formed their tables according to the 
cursory speech of those with whom they happened to 
converse, and, concluding that the whole nation combines 
to vitiate language in one manner, have often established 
the jargon of the lowest of the people as the model of 
speech. For pronunciation, the best general rule is, to 
consider those as the most elegant speakers, who deviate 
least from the written words." 

Without any derogation from the character of Dr. 
Johnson, it may be asserted, that in these observations 
we do not perceive that justness and accuracy of think- 
ing, for which he is so remarkable. It would be doing 
great injustice to him, to suppose that he meant to ex- 
clude all possibility of conveying the actual pronuncia- 
tion of many words that depart manifestly from their or 
thography, or of those that are written alike, and pro- 
nounced differently, and inversely. He has marked theso 
differences with great propriety himself, in many places 
of his dictionary ; and it is to be regretted that he did not 
extend these remarks farther. It is impossible, there- 
fore, he could suppose, that, because the almost imper- 
ceptible glances of colloquial pronunciation were not to 
be caught and described by the pen, that the very per- 
ceptible difference between the initial accented syllables 
of money and monitor, or the final unaccented syllables 
of finite and infinite, could not be sufficiently marked 
upon paper. Cannot we show that cellar, a vault, and 



WALKER'S PREFACE. 



seller, one who sells, have exactly the same sound l or 
that the monosyllable full and the first syllable of ful- 
minate are sounded differently, because there are some 
words in which solemnity will authorize a different shade 
of pronunciation from familiarity .' Besides, that collo- 
quial pronunciation which is perfect is so much the lan- 
guage of solemn speaking, that, perhaps, there is no more 
difference than between the same picture painted to be 
viewed near and at a distance. The symmetry in both is 
exactly the same; and the distinction lies only in the col- 
ouring. The English language, in this respect, seems to 
have a great superiority over the French, which pronoun- 
ces many letters in the poetick and solemn style, that are 
wholly silent in the prosaick and familiar. But if a 
solemn and familiar pronunciation really exists in our 
language, is it not the business of a grammarian to mark 
both l And, if he cannot point out the precise sound of 
unaccented syllables, (for these only are liable to obscuri- 
ty,) he may, at least, give those sounds which approach 
the nearest, and by this means become a little more use- 
ful than those who so liberally leave every thing to the 
ear and taste of the speaker. 

The truth is, Dr. Johnson seems to have had a confused 
idea of the distinctness and indistinctness with which, on 
solemn or familiar occasions, we sometimes pronounce 
the unaccented vowels; and, with respect to these, it must j 
be owned, that his remarks are not entirely without foun- | 
dation. The English language, with respect to its pro- - 
nunciation, is evidently divisible into accented and unac- \ 
cented sounds. The accented syllables, by being pro- j 
nounced with greater force than the unaccented, have ] 
their vowels as clearly and distinctly sounded as any j 
given note in musick; "while the unaccented vowels, for 
want of the stress, are apt to slide into an obscurity of 
sound, which, though sufficiently distinguishable to'the ' 
ear, cannot be so definitely marked out to the eye by j 
other sounds as those vowels that are under the accent. I 
Thus some of the vowels, when neither under the accent, I 
nor closed by a consonant, have a longer or a shorter, an I 
opener or a closer sound, according to the solemnity or 
familiarity, the deliberation or rapidity of our delivery. ! 
This will be perceived in the sound of the e in emotion* ' 
of the o in obedience, and of the u in monument. In the j 
hasty pronunciation of common speaking, the e in erno- \ 
tion is often shortened, as if spelt im-mo-tion ; the o in | 
obedience shortened and obscured, as if written ub-be-de- j 
ence ; and the u in monument changed into e, as if writ- 
ten mon-ne-ment ; while the deliberate and elegant sound ' 
»f these vowels is the long open sound they have, when I 
the accent is on them, in equal, over, and unit ; but a, 
when unaccented, seems to have no such diversity; it has j 
generally a short, obscure sound, whether ending a sylla- ! 
ble or closed by a consonant. Thus the a in able has its J 
definite and distinct sound; but the same letter in tolcra-\ 
ble\ goes into an obscure, indefinite sound approaching | 
the short u ; nor can any solemnity or deliberation give! 
it the long open sound it has in the first word. Thus, by ! 
distinguishing vowels into their accented and unaccented j 
sounds, we are enabled to see clearly what Dr. Johnson ' 
saw but obscurely; and by this distinction entirely to! 
answer the objection. 

Equally indefinite and uncertain is his general rule, 
that those are to be considered as the most elegant i 
speakers who deviate least from the written words. It is 
certain, where custom is equal, this ought to take place ; 
and if the whole body of respectable English speakers 
were equally divided in their pronunciation of the word 
busy, one half pronouncing it beic-ze,l and the other half 
biz-ze, that the former ought to be accounted the most 
elegant speakers ; but, till this is the case, the latter pro- 
nunciation, though a gross deviation from orthography, 
will still be esteemed the most elegant. Dr. Johnson's 
general rule, therefore, can only take place where custom 
has not plainly decided; but, unfortunately for the Eng- 
lish language, its orthography and pronunciation are so 
widely different, that Dr. Watts and Dr. Jones lay it. 
down as a maxim in their Treatises on Spelling, that all 
words, which can be sounded different ways, must be 
written according to that sound which is most distant 
from the true pronunciation: and consequently, in such a 
language, a Pronouncing Dictionary must be of essential 
use. 

But still it may be objected to such an undertaking, 
that the fluctuation of pronunciation is so great as to 
render all attempts to settle it useless. What will it 
avail us, it may be said, to know the pronunciation of the 
present day, if, in a few years, it will be altered .' And 
how are we to know even what the present pronunciation 
is, when the same words are often differently pronounced 
by different speakers, and those perhaps of equal numbers 



and reputation ! To this it may be answered, that the 
fluctuation of our language, with respect to its pronun- 
ciation, seems to have been greatly exaggerated.^ Except 
a very few single words, which are generally noticed in 
the following dictionary, and the words where e comes 
before r, followed by another consonant, as merchant, 
service, <fcc, the pronunciation of the language is proba- 
bly in the same state in which it was a century ago; and, 
had the same attention been then paid to it as now, it is 
not likely even that change would have happened. The 
same may be observed of those words which arc differ- 
ently pronounced by different speakers : if the analogies 
of the language had been better understood, it is scarcely 
conceivable that so many words in polite usage would 
have a diversity of pronunciation, which is at once so 
ridiculous and embarrassing ; nay, perhaps it may he 
with confidence asserted, that if the analogies of the lan- 
guage were sufficiently known, and so near at hand as to 
be applicable on inspection to every word, that not only 
many words which are wavering between contrary usages 
would be settled in their true sound, but that many 
words, which are fixed by custom to an improper pronun- 
ciation, would, by degrees, grow regular and analogical ; 
and those which are so already would be secured in their 
purity, by a knowledge of their regularity and analogy. 

But the utility of a work of this kind is not confined to 
those parts of language where the impropriety is gross 
and palpable; besides such imperfections in pronuncia- 
tion as disgust every ear not accustomed to them, there 
are a thousand insensible deviations, in the more minute 
parts of language, as the unaccented syllables may be 
called, which do not strike the ear so forcibly as to mark 
any direct impropriety in particular words, but occasion 
only such a general imperfection as gives a bad impres- 



* See the words Collect, Command, Despatch, Domes- 
tick, Efface, Occasion. 
f Principles, No. 88, 545. X Principles, No. 178. 



§ The old and new 'ArQIs, with all the various dialects, 
must have occasioned infinite irregularity in the pronun- 
ciation of the Greek tongue; andj if we may judge of the 
Latin pronunciation by the ancient inscriptions, it was 
little less various and irregular than the Greek. Aulus 
Gellius tells us, that Nigidius, a grammarian who lived a 
little more than a century before him, acuted the first 
syllable of Valeri ; but, says he, "si quis nunc Valerium 
appellans in casu vocandi secundum id praeceptum Nigi- 
dii acuerit primam, non aberit quin rideatur." — Whoever 
now should place the accent on the first syllable of Vale- 
rius, when. a vocative case, according to the precept of 
Nigidius, would set every body a laughing. Even that 
highly polished language, the French, if we may believe 
a writer in the Encyclopedic, is little less irregular in this 
respect than our own. 

" II est arrive," says he, "par les alterations qui sesuc- 
cedent rapidement dans la maniere de prononcer, et les 
corrections qui s'introduisent lentement dans la maniere 
d'ecrire, que la prononciation et l'ecriture ne marchent 
point ensemble, et que quoiqu'il y ait chez les peuples les 
plus polices de 1'Europe, des societes d'hommes de lettres 
charges des les modeier, des les accorder, et des les rap- 
procher de la meme ligne, elles se trouvent enfin a une 
distance inconcevable; ensorte que de deux choses don; 
l'une n'a ete imaginee dans son origine, que pour repre- 
senter fidelement l'autre, celle-ci ne differe guere moins 
de celle-la, que la portrait de la meme personne peinte 
dans deux ages tres-eloignes. Enfin l'ineonvenient s'est 
accru a un tel exces qu'on n'ose plus y remedier. On 
prononce une langue, on ecrit une autre : et l'on s'accou- 
tume tcHement pendant lc reste de la vie a cette bisarrerie 
qui a fait verser tant de larmes dans l'enfance, que si l'on 
renon^oit a sa mauvaise orthographe pour une plus voisine 
de la prononciation, on ne reconnoilro.t plus la langue 
parlce sous cette nouvelle combinaison de characteres 
S'il y en a qui ne pourroient. se succeder sans une grande 
fatigue pour l'organe, ou ils ne se rencontrent point, ou 
ils ne durent pas. lis sont echappes de la langue par 
l'euphonie, cette loi puissanto, qui agit continuellement 
et universellement sans egard pour l'etymologie et ses 
defenseurs, et qui tend sans intermission a amener des 
etres qui out les memes organes, )e meme idiome, les 
memes mouvemens prescrits, i-peu-pres a la mSme pro- 
nonciation. Les causes dont Taction n'est point, inter 
rompue, deviennent toujours les plus fortes avec les terns, 
quelque foibles qu'elles soient en elles-memes, et il n'y a 
presque pas une seule voyelle, une seule diphthongue, on© 
seule consonne dont la valeur soit tellement constante, 
que l'euphonie n'en puisse disposer, soit en alterant la 
son, soit en le supprimant." 

I shall not decide upon the justness of these complaints-, 
hut must observe, that a worse picture could scarcely be 
drawn of the English, or the most barbarous language of 
Europe. Indeed, a degree of versatility seems involved 
in the very nature of language, and is one of those evil3 
left by Providence for man to correct: a love of order, and 
the utility of regularity, will always incline him to con- 
fine this versatility within as narrow bounds as possible. 



WALKER'S PREFACE. 



81011 upon the whole. Speakers with these imperfections 
pass very well in common conversation: but when they 
are required to pronounce with emphasis, and for that 
purpose to he more distinct and definite in their utter- 
ance, hero their car fails them : they have heen accustom- 
ed only to loose, cursory speaking, and, for want of firm- 
ness of pronunciation, are like those painters who draw 
the muscular exertions of the human body without any 
knowledge of anatomy. This is one reason, perhaps, why 
we find the elocution of so few people agreeable when 
they read or speak to an assembly, while so few offend us 
by their utterance in commou conversation. A thousand 
faults lie concealed in a miniature, which a microscope 
brings to view; and it is only by pronouncing on a larger 
scale, as publick speaking may be called, that we prove 
the propriety of our elocution. As, therefore, there are 
certain deviations from analogy which are not at any 
rate tolerable, there are others which only, as it were, 
tarnish the pronunciation, and make it less brilliant and 
agreeable. There are few who have turned their thoughts 
on this subject, without observing that they sometimes 
pronounce the same word or syllable in a different man- 
ner ; and, as neither of these manners offends the ear, they 
are at a loss to which they shall give the preference ; but, 
as one must necessarily be more agreeable to the analogy 
of the language than the other, a display of these analo- 
gies, in a dictionary of this kind, will immediately remove 
this uncertainty; and in this view of the variety we shall 
discover a fitness in one mode of speaking, which will 
give a firmness and security to our pronunciation, from a I 
confidence that it is founded on reason, and the general 
tendency of the language. See Principles, No. 530, 547, 
551, &c* 

But, alas! reasoning on language, however well found- 
ed, may be all overturned by a single quotation from 
Horace : 



" Quern penes arbitrium est, et jus et norma loquendi." 

This, it must be owned, is a succinct way of ending the 
controversy; and, by virtue of this argument, we may be- 
come criticks in language, without the trouble of study- 
ing it : not that I would be thought, in the most distant 
manner, to deny that custom is the sovereign arbiter of 
language; far from it. I acknowledge its authority, and 
know there is no appeal from it. I wish only to dispute, 
where this arbiter has not decided ; for, if once custom 
speak out, however absurdly, I sincerely acquiesce in its 
sentence. 

But what is this custom, to which we must so implicit- 
ly submit.' Is it the usage of the multitude of speakers, 
whether good or bad > This has never been asserted by 
the most sanguine abettors of its authority. Is it the 
usage of the studious in schools and colleges, with those 
of the learned professions, or that of those who, from 
their elevated birth or station, give laws to the refine- 
ments and elegancies of a court; To confine propriety 
to the latter, which is too often the case, seems an injury 
to the former ; who, from their very profession, appear to 
have a natural right to a share, at least, in the legislation 
of language, if not to an absolute sovereignty. The pol- 
ished attendants on a throne are as apt todepart from 
simplicity in language, as in dress and manners ; and 
novelty, instead of custom, is too often the jus et norma 
loquendi of a court. 

Perhaps an attentive observation will lead us to con- 
clude, that the usage which ought to direct us is neither 
of these we have been enumerating, taken singly, but a 
sort of compound ratio of all three. Neither a finical 
pronunciation of the court, nor a pedantick Graecism of the 
schools, will be denominated respectable usage, till a cer- 
tain number of the general mass of speakers have 
acknowledged them ; nor will a multitude of common 
speakers authorize any pronunciation which is reprobal- 
p ' Uv the learned and polite. 



As those sounds, therefore, which are the most general- 
ly received among the learned and polite, as well as the 
bulk of speakers, are the most legitimate, we may con- 
clude that a majority of two of these states ought always 
to concur, in order to constitute what is called good 
usage. 

But though custom, when general, is commonly well 
understood, there are several states and degrees of it 
which are exceedingly obscure and equivocal; and the 
only method of knowing the extent of custom in these 
cases seems to be an inspection of those dictionaries 
wbieb professedly treat of pronunciation. We have now 
so many works of this kind, that the general current of 
custom, with respect to the sound of words, may be col- 
lected from them with almost as much certainty as the 
general sense of words from Johnson. An exhibition of 
the opinions of orthoepists about the sound of words 
always appeared to me a very lational method of deter- 
mining what is called custom. This method I have 
adopted in the following work; and, if I have sometimes 
dissented from the majority, it has been either from a 
persuasion of being better informed of what was the 
actual custom of speaking, or from a partiality to the 
evident analogies of the language. 

And here I must entreat the candid reader to make 
every reasonable allowance for the freedom with which 1 
have "criticised other writers on this subject, and particu- 
larly Mr. Sheridan. As a man, a gentleman, and a 
scholar, I knew Mr. Sheridan, and respected him; and 
think every lover of elocution owes him a tribute of 
thanks for his unwearied addresses to the publick, to 
rouse them to the study of the delivery of their native 
tongue. But this tribute, however just, does not exempt 
him from examination. His credit with the world neces- 
sarily subjects him to animadversion, because the errours 
of such a writer are dangerous in proportion to his repu- 
tation : this has made me zealous to remark his inaccura- 
cies, but not without giving my reasons ; nor have I ever 
taken advantage of such faults as may be called inadver- 
tencies.* On the same principles I have ventured to 
criticise Dr. Johnson.t whose friendship and advice I was 
honoured with, whose memory I love, and whose intellec- 
tual powers impress me with something like religious 
veneration and awe. I do not pretend to be exempt from 
faults myself. In a work like the present, it would be a 
miracle to escape them : nor have I the least idea of de- 
ciding, as judge, in a case of so much delicacy and im- 
portance as the pronunciation of a whole people ; I have 
only assumed the part of an advocate to plead the cause 
of consistency and analogy; and, where custom is either 
silent or dubious, to tempt the lovers of their language 
to incline to the side of propriety : so that my design is 
principally to give a kind of history of pronunciation, 
and a register of its present state; and, where the author- 
ities of dictionaries or speakers are found to differ, to 
give such a display of the analogies of the language as 
may enable every inspector to decide for himself. 

With respect to the explanation of words, except in 
very few instances, I have scrupulously followed Dr. 
Johnson. His Dictionary has been deemed lawful plun- 
der by every subsequent" lexicographer ; and so servilely 
has it been copied, that such words as he must have omit- 
ted merely by mistake, as predilection, respectable, 
descriptive, sulky, inimical, interference, and many 
others, are neither in Mr. Sheridan's, Dr. Kenrick's, 
nor several other dictionaries. 



* The inspector will be pleased to take notice, that 
my observations on Mr. Sheridan's dictionary relate to 
the first edition, published in his life-time, and the sec- 
ond, some time after his death ; whatever alterations may 
have been made by his subsequent editors, I am totally 
unacquainted with. 

| See Scirrhus, Rase, &c. 



WALKER'S ADVERTISEMENT 



TO THE FOURTH EDITION OP HIS DICTIONARY. 



THE rapid sale of the third edition of this Dictionary 
called upon me for a fourth, at a time of life, and in a 
state of health, little compatible with the drudgery and 
attention necessary for the execution of it: but, as I ex- 
pected such a call, I was not unmindful of whatever 
might tend to render it still more worthy of the accept- 
ance of the publick; and therefore collected many words, 
which, though not found in dictionaries, were constantly 
to be met with in polite and literary conversation, and 
which were well deserving of a place in the language as 
soon as written authorities could be produced for them. 
Some of these authorities I have produced, and have left 
others to the attention of those who have more leisure 
and better health. In the midst of the impression of the 
present work, I met with Mason's Supplement to John- 
son, and found several words worthy of insertion, but 
have carefully acknowledged the obligation; and take 
this opportunity of thanking that gentleman for the ben- 
efit I have derived from his Supplement, which I think, 
if continued, admirably calculated for the improvement 
and stability of the language, 

But, as the great object of the present Dictionary was 
pronunciation, I was very solicitous to be as accurate as 
possible on this point, and therefore neglected no oppor- 
tunity of informing myself where I was in the least doubt- 
ful, and of correcting myself where there was the least 
shadow of an errour. These occasions, however, were 
not very numerous. To a man born, as I was, within a 
few miles of the capital, living in the capital almost my 
whole life, and exercising myself there in publick speak- 
ing for many years ; to such a person, if to any one, the 
true pronunciation of the language must be very familiar : 
and to this familiarity I am indebted for the security I 
have felt in deciding upon the sounds of several syllables, 
which nothing but an infantine pronunciation could de- 
termine. If I may borrow an allusion from musick, I 
might observe, that there is a certain tune in every lan- 
guage, to which the ear of a native is set, and which often 
decides on the preferable pronunciation, though entirely 
ignorant of the reasons for it. 

But this vernacular instinct, as it may be called, has 
been seconded by a careful investigation of the analogies 
of the language. Accent and quantity, the great effi- 
cients of pronunciation, are seldom mistaken by people 
of education in the capital; but the great bulk of the na- 
tion, and those who form the most important part of it, 
are without these advantages, and therefore want such a 
guide to direct them as is hero offered. Even polite and 
literary people, who speak only from the ear, will find 
that this organ will, in a thousand instances, prove but a , 
very uncertain guide, without, a knowledge of those prin- i 
ciples by which the ear itself is insensibly directed, and 
which, having their origin in the nature of language, | 
operate with steadiness and regularity in the midst of the 
ficklest affectation and caprice. It can scarcely be sup- j 
posed that the most experienced speaker has heard every j 
word in the language, and the whole circle of sciences, 
pronounced exactly as it ought to be: and, if this be the [ 
case, he must sometimes have recourse to the principles 
of pronunciation, when his ear is either uninformed or 
unfaithful. These principles are those general laws of 
articulation which determine the character, and fix the 
boundaries of every language; as in every system of 
speaking, however irregular, the organs must necessarily 
fall into some common mode of enunciation, or the pur- 
pose of Providence in the gift of speech would be abso- 
lutely defeated. These laws, like every other object of 
philosophical inquiry, are only to be traced by an atten- 
tive observation and enumeration of particulars; and, 
when these particulars are sufficiently numerous to form 
a general rule, an axiom in pronunciation is acquired. 
By an accumulation of these axioms, and an analogical 
comparison of them with each other, we discover the de- 
viations of language where custom has varied, and the 
only clew to guide us where custom is either indetermi- 
nate or obscure. 



I Thus, by a view of the words ending in ity or ety, T 
find the accent invariably placed on the preceding sylla 
I ble, as in diver' sity, congru'ity, &.c. On a closer inspec 
! tion, I find every vowel in this antepenultimate syllable, 
when no consonant intervenes, pronounced long, as de'ity, 
pi'ety, &c. ; a nearer observation shows me, that, if a con- 
sonant intervene, every vowel in this syllable but u con- 
tracts itself, and is pronounced short, as severity, curios 1 - 
ity, impu'nity, &c, and therefore that chastity and 
obscenity ought to be pronounced with the penultimate 
vowel short, and not as in chaste and obscene, as wo fre- 
quently hear them. I find, too, that even u contracts 
itself before two consonants, as cur'vity, taciturhiity, 
j &'c„ and that scarcity and rarity (for whose irregularity 
good reasons may he given) are the only exceptions to 
this rule throughout the language. And thus we have a 
series of near seven hundred words, the accentuation of 
I which, as weil as the quantity of the accented vowel, are 
i reduced to two or three simple rules. 
I The same uniformity of accentuation and quantity 
may be observed in the first syllable of those words which 
have the accent on the third, as dem-on-stra'-tion, dim-i- 
nu'-tion, lu-cu-bra'-tion,* &c, where we evidently per- 
I ceive a stress on the first syllable shortening every vowel 
j but it, and this in every word throughout the language, 
except where two consonants follow the u, as in cur-fai- 
! lin'-e-ar ; or where two vowels follow the consonant that 
j succeeds any other vowel in the first syllable, as de-vi-a - 
i tion; or, lastly, where the word is evidently of our own 
j composition, as rc-con-vey 1 .• but as u in the first syllable 
j of a word, having the accent on the third, has the same 
tendency to length and openness as was observable when 
I it preceded the termination ity, I find it necessary 1 o separ- 
j ate it from the consonant in bu-ty-ra'-ceous, which I have 
| never heard pronounced, as well as in lu-cu-bra'-tion, 
I which I have, and this from no pretended agreement with 
I the quantity of the Latin words these are derived from ; 
j for, in the former word, the u is doubtful : but, from the 
j general system of quantity I see adopted in English pro- 
nunciation, this only will direct an English ear with cer- 
tainty; for, though we may sometimes place the accent 
on words we borrow from the Greek or Latin on the same 
syllable as in those languages, as acu'men, elegi'ack, &c. ; 
nay, though wo sometimes adopt the accent of the origin- 
al with every word of the same termination we derive 
| from it, as assidu'ity, vidu'ity, &c. ; yet the quantity of 
the accented vowel is so often contrary to that of the 
! Latin and Greek, that not a shadow of a rule can be 
j drawn, in this point, from these languages to ours.f 
I Thus, in the letter in question, in the Latin accumulp, 
| dubiujS, tumor, &c, the first u is every where short ; but 
in the English words accumulate, dubious, tumnur, every 
where long. Nuptialis, murmur, turbulentus, &c, where 
the u in the first syllable in Latin is long, we as constant- 
ly pronounce it short in nuptial, murmur, turbulent, &c. 
Nor, indeed, can we wonder that a different economy of 
quantity is observable in the ancient and modern lan- 
guages, as, in the former, two consonants almost always 
lengthen the preceding vowel, and in the latter as con- 
stantly shorten it. Thus, without arguing in a vicious 
circle, we find, that, as a division of the generality of 
words as they are actually pronounced, gives us the gen- 
eral laws of syllabication, so these laws, once understood, 
direct us in the division of such words as we have never 
heard actually pronounced, and consequently to the true 
pronunciation of them. For these operations, like cause 
and effect, reflect mutually a light on each other, and 
prove, that, by nicely observing the path which custom 
in language has once taken, we can more than guess at 
the lino she must keep in a similar case, where her foot- 
steps are not quite so discernible. So truo is the obser- 
vation of Scaliger: Jta omnibus in rebus certissima ra~ 
tione sibi ipsa respondet natura, De causis Ling. Lat. 



* See Principles, No. 524, 527, 530. 
f See Principles, No. 544, 545. 



RULES 



TO BE OBSERVED BY THE NATIVES OP IRELAND, 



IN ORDER TO OBTAIN A JUST PRONUNCIATION OF ENGLISH. 



AS Mr. Sheridan was a native of Ireland, and had the 
best opportunities of understanding those peculiarities of 
pronunciation which obtain there, I shall extract his ob- 
servations on that subject as the best general direction, 
and add a few of my own, by way of supplement, which, 
I hope, will render this article of instruction still more 
complete. 

The reader will be pleased to take notice, that, as I 
have made a different arrangement of the vowels, and I 
have adopted a notation different from Mr. Sheridan, I 
am obliged to make use of different figures to mark the 
vowels, but still such as perfectly correspond to his. 

" The chief mistakes, made by the Irish in pronounc- 
ing English, lie, for the most part, in the sounds of the 
two first^ vowels, a and e ; the former^ being generally 
sounded a by the Irish, as in the word bar, in most words 
where it is pronounced a, as in day, by the English. 
Thus the Irish say, patron, matron, the vowel a having 
the same sound as in the word father 5 while the English 
pronounce them as if written paytron, maytron. The 
following rule, strictly attended to, will rectify this mis- 
take through the whole language : — 

" When the vowel a finishes a syllable, and has the ac- 
cent on it, it is invariably pronounced a. [day] by the 
English. To this rule there are but three exceptions in 
the whole language, to be found in the words father, 
papa, mamma. The Irish may think also the word 
rather an exception, as well as father ; and so it would 
appear to be in their manner of pronouncing it rather, 
laying the accent on the vowel a ; but, in the English pro- 
nunciation, the consonant th is taken into the first sylla- 
ble, as, rath-er, which makes the difference. 

•' Whenever a consonant follows the vowel a in the 
same syllable, and the accent is on the consonant, the 
vowel a has always its fourth sound, as hat, man ; 
as also the same sound lengthened when it precedes the 
letter r, as far, bar, though the accent be on the vowel ; 
as, likewise, when it precedes Im, as balm, psalm. 
The Irish, ignorant of this latter exception, pronounce 
all words of that structure as if they were written haiom, 
psawm, quawm, cawm, &.c. In the third sound of a, 
marked by different combinations of vowels or conso- 
nants, such as au, in Paul ; aw, in law ; all, in call ; aid, in 
bald ; alk, in talk, &c, the Irish make no mistake, except 
in that of Im, as before mentioned. 

" The second vowel, e, is, for the most part, sounded ee 
by the English, when the accent is upon it ; whilst the 
Irish, in most words, give it the sound of slender a, as in 
hate. This sound of e [ee] is marked by different com- 
binations of vowels, such as ea, ei, e final mute, ee, and 
ie. In the two last combinations of ce and ie, the Irish 
never mistake ; such as in meet, seem, field, believe, &c. ; ' 
but, in all the others, they almost universally change the 
sound of e into a. Thus, in the combination ea, they 
pronounce the words tea, sea, please, as if they were spelt 
tay, say, plays ; instead of fee, see, pleese. The English 
constantly give this sound to ea whenever the accent is 
on the vowel e, except in the following words : great, a 
pear, a bear, to bear, to forbear, to swear, to tear, to wear: 
in all which the e has the sound of a in hate. For want of 
knowing these exceptions, the gentlemen of Ireland, after 
some time of residence in London, are apt to fall into the 
general rule, and pronounce these words as if spelt greet, 
beer, sweer, &c. 

"£i is also sounded ee by the English, and as a. by the 
Irish; thus the words deceit, receive, are pronounced by 
them as if written desate, resave. Ei is always sounded 
ee, except when a g follows it, as in the words reign, 
feign, deign, ice. ; as also in the words rein (of a bridle), 
vein, drein, veil, heir, which are pronounced like rain, 
vain, drain, vail, air. 



" The final mute e makes the preceding e in the name 
syllable, when accented, have the sound of ee, as in ther 
words supreme, sincere, replete. This rule is almost 
universally broken through by the Irish, who pronounce 
all such words as if written suprame, sinsare, replate, 
&c. There are but two exceptions to this rule in the 
English pronunciation, which are the words there, where* 

" In the way of marking this sound by a double e, (as 
thus, ee,) as the Irish never make any mistakes, the best 
method for all who want to acquire the right prcmuncia 
tion of these several combinations is, to suppose that ea r 
ei, and e, attended by a final mute e, are all spelt with a- 
double e, or ee. 

"Ey is always sounded like a by the English when the 
accent is upon it ; as in the words prey, convey, pronounc- 
ed pray, convay. To this there are but two exceptions', 
in the words key and ley, sounded kee, lee. The Irish, 
in attempting to pronounce like the English, often give 
the same sound to ey as usually belongs to ei ; thus, for 
prey, convey, they say pree, convee. 

" A strict observation of these few rules, with a due 
attention to the very few exceptions enumerated above, 
will enable the well-educated natives of Ireland to pro 
nounce their words exactly in the same way as the more 
polished part of the inhabitants of England do, so far as 
the vowels are concerned. The diphthongs they commit 
no fault in, except in the sound of 1, which has been al- 
ready taken notice of in the Grammar:* where, likewise, 
the only difference in pronouncing any of the consonants 
has been pointed out; which is the thickening the sound 
of d and t, in certain situations; and an easy method 
proposed of correcting this habit.f 

" In order to complete che whole, I shall now give a list 
of such detached words, that do not come under any of 
the above rules, as are pronounced differently in Ireland 
from what they are in England ; — 



* ''Vide p. 11, where the true manner of pronouncing 
the diphthong i is pointed out ; the Irish pronouncing 14 
much in the same manner as the French." 

f " The letter d has always the same sound by those 
who pronounce English well; but the provincials, par- 
ticularly the Irish, Scotch, and Welsh, in many words 
thicken the sound by a mixture of breath. Thus, though 
they sound the d right in the positive loud and broad, in 
the' comparative degree they thicken it by an aspiration, 
and sound it as if it were written loudher, broadher. 
This vicious pronunciation is produced by pushing the 
tongue forward so as to touch the teeth in forming that 
sound : and the way to cure it is easy ; for, as they cart 
pronounce the d properly in the word loud, let them rest a 
little upon that syllable, keeping the tongue hi the position 
of forming d, and then let them separate it from the up- 
per gum without pushing it forward, and the sound <i!cr 
will be produced of course; for the organ, being left in 
the position of sounding dat the end of the syllable loud t 
is necessarily in the position of forming the same d in- 
uttering the last syllable, unless it makes a new move- 
ment, as in the case of protruding it so as to touch the 
teeth! This letter is sometimes, though not often, quies- 
cent, as in the words handkerchief, handsome, handsel. 

" In pronouncing the letter t, the Irish and other pro- 
vincials thicken the sound, as was before mentioned witli 
regard to the d ; for better, they say betther ; for utter, 
utther ; and soon in all words of that structure. This 
faulty manner arises from the same cause that was men- 
tioned as affecting the sound of the d ; I mean the pro- 
truding of the tongue so as to touch the teeth ; and is 
curable only in the same way." 



WALKER'S RULES FOR THE NATIVES OF SCOTLAND. 



IRISH PRONUNCIATION. 

che'arful 

fe'arful 

d66r 

fl6dr 

gape 

geth'er (gatlier) 

beard 

bflll 

bfish 

pftsh 

pfill 

pfil'pit 

calf 

ketch (catch) 

coarse (coarse) 

course [course) 

court 

malicious 

pfidding 

qu6sh (quash) 

lezh'ur (leisure) 

cla'mour 

Me'kil (Michael) 

lenth (length) 

strfiv (strove) 

dr&v (drove) 

ten'ure 

ten'able 

wrath 

wrath (wroth) 

fa'rewell 

ride 

stride 

shine 

shism (schism) 

wherefore 

therefore 

breth (breadth) 

cowld (cold) 

bowld (bold) 

cdffer 



ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION. 

che/ful 
fer'ful 
d6re 
fl6re 

gauYe* 
berd 
bfill 
basli 

pash 
P an 

catch 

ciarse 

c6urse 

court 

mallsh'us 

padding 

quash 

le'zhur 

clam'mur 

Ml'kel 

lenklh 

strive 

drive 

te'nure 

te'nable 

wrath 

wr&th 

farwel 

r6d 

strod 

sn&n 

slzm 

wheVfore 

ther'fore 

bredth 

cold 

bold 

c6'fer 



IRISH PRONUNCIATION 

enda'avour 

lut (foot) 

miscne'evous 

In'ion (onion) 

pat 

drdth (drougJit) 

sarch (search) 

sfiurce (source) 

cdsh ion 

str£nth (strength) 

relsh (reach) 

squa'dron 

zaalous 

zaa'lot 



ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION. 

endev'ur 

mt 

nuVchivous 
fin'nyun 

pat 

drout 

serch 

s6rce 

cushion 

strenkth 

r^ach 

squod'run 

zel'lus 

zel'lut 



" These, after the closest, attention, are all the words, 
not included in the rules before laid down, that I have 
been able to collect, in which the well-educated natives 
of Ireland differ from those of England." 

I shall make no observations on the accuracy of this 
list, but desire my reader to observe, that the strongest 
characteristicks of the pronunciation of Ireland are the 
rough, jarring pronunciation of the letter r, and the as- 
piration, or rough breathing, before all the accented vow- 
els. (For the true- sound of r, see that letter in the 
Principles, No. 419.) And for the rough breathing, or 
aspiration of the vowels, the pupil should be told not to 
bring the voice suddenly from the breast, but to speak, 
as it were, from the mouth only. 

It may be observed, too, that the natives of Ireland 
pronounce rm at the end of a word so distinctly as to 
form two separate syllables. Thus storm and farm seem 
sounded by them as if written staio-rum, fa-rum ; while 
the English sound the r so soft and so close to the m, that 
it seems pronounced nearly as if written stawm, faam. 

Nearly the same observations are applicable to Im. 
When these letters end a word, they are, in Ireland, pro- 
nounced at such a distance, that helm and realm sound 
as if written hel-um and rcal-um ; but in England the I 
and m are pronounced as close as possible, and so as to 
form but one syllable. To remedy this, it will be neces- 
sary for the pupil to make a collection of words terminat- 
ing with these consonants, and to practise them over till 
a true pronunciation is acquired. 



RULES 



TO BE OBSERVED BY THE NATIVES OF SCOTLAND, 



FOR ATTAINING A JUST PRONUNCIATION OF ENGLISH. 



THAT pronunciation which distinguishes the inhabit- 
ants of Scotland is of a very different kind from that of 
Ireland, and may be divided into the quantity, quality, 
and accentuation U the vowels. With respect to quan- 
tity, it may be observed, that the Scotch pronounce al- 
most all their accented vowels long. Thus, if I am not 
mistaken, they would pronounce habit, hay-bit ; tepid, 
tee-pii ; sinner, see-ner ; conscious, cone-shus ; and sub- 
ject, soob-ject ••* it is not pretended, however, that every 



* That this is the general mode of pronouncing these 
words in Scotland is indisputable; and it is highly proba- 
ble that the Scotch have preserved the old English pro- 
nunciation, froln which the English themselves have in- 
sensibly departed. Dr. Hicks observed long ago, that the 
Scotch Sazonised in their language much more than the 
English; and it is scarcely to be doubted that a situation 
nearer to the continent, and a greater commercial inter- 
course with other nations, made the English admit of 
numberless changes which never extended to Scotland. 
About the reign of Q.ueen Elizabeth, when the Greek and 
Latin languages were cultivated, and the pedantry of 
showing an acquaintance with them became fashionable, 
it is not improbable that an alteration in the quantity of 
many words took place ; for, as in Latin almost every 



accented vowel is so pronounced, but that such a pro- 
nunciation is very general, and particularly of the i. 
This vowel is short in English pronunciation, where the 
other vowels are long ; thus, evasion, adhesion, emotion, 
confusion, have the a, c, o, and u, long; and in these 
instances the Scotch would pronounce them like the 
English; but in vision, decision, &c, where the English 
pronounce the i short, the Scotch lengthen this letter by 
pronouncing it like ee, as if the words were written vec- 
sion, de-cee-sion, &c. ; and this peculiarity is universn". 
The best way, therefore, to correct this, will be to make 
a collection of the most usual words which have tne 
vowels short, and to pronounce them daily till a habit is 
formed. See Principles, No. 507. 



vowel before a single consonant is short, so in English 
almost every vowel in the same situation was supposed 
to be long, or our ancestors would not have doubled the 
consonant in the participles of verbs, to prevent the pre- 
ceding vowel from lengthening. But, when once this af- 
fectation of Latinity was adopted, it is no wonder it 
should extend beyond its principles, and shorten several 
vowels in English, because they were short in the origi- 
nal Latin; and in this manner, perhaps, might the diver- 
sity between the quantity of the English and the Scotch 
pronunciation arise. (542) (543.) See Drama. 



WALKER'S RULES FOR THE NATIVES OF SCOTLAND, &c. 



With respect to the quality of the vowels, it may be 
observed, that the inhabitants of Scotland are apt to pro- 
nounce the a like aw, where the English give it the slen- 
der sound: thus Satan is pronounced Sairtan, and fatal, 
faietal. It may be remarked too, that the Scotch givo 
this sound to the a preceded by w, according to the gen- 
eral rule, without attending to the exceptions, Princi- 
ple*. No. 88; and thus, instead of making wax, waft, and 
twang, rhyme with tax, shaft, and hang, they pronounce 
them so as to rhyme with boz,soft, and song. The short. 
t in bed, fed, red, Sec, borders too much upon the English 
sound of a in bad, lad, mad, Sec, and the short i in bid, 
lid, rid, too much on the English sound of e in bed, led, 
rtd. To correct this crrour, it would be useful to collect 
the long and short sounds of these vowels, and to pro- 
nounce the long ones first, and to shorten them by de- 
grees till they are perfectly short; at the same time pre- 
serving the radical sound of the vowel in both. Thus 
the correspondent long sounds to the e in bed, fed, red, 
are bade, fade, rade ; and that of the short i in bid, lid, 
rid, aro bead, lead, read; and the former of these classes 
will naturally lead the ear to the true sound of the latter, 
the only difference lying in the quantity. The short o in 
not, lodge, got, Sec, is apt to slide into the short u, as if 
the words were written nut, ludge, gut, Sec. To rectify 
this, it should be remembered, that this o is the short 
sound of axe, and ought to have the radical sound of the 
deep a in ball. Thus the radical sound corresponding to 
the o in not, cot, sot, is found in naught, caught, sought, 
Sec. ; and these long sounds, like the former, should be 
abbreviated into the short ones. But what will tend 
greatly to clear the difficulty will be, to remember that 
only those words which are "collected in the Principles, 
No. 165, have the o sounded like short w when the accent 
is upon it : and with respect to the u in bull, full, pull, 
Sec, it may be observed, that the pronunciation peculiar 
to the English is only found in the words enumerated, 
Principles, No. 174. 

In addition to what has been said, it may be observed, 
that oo in food, mood, moon, soon, Sec, which ought always 
to have a long sound, is generally shortened in Scotland 
to that middle sound of the u in bull .- and it must be re- 
membered, that wool, wood, good, hood, stood, foot, are 
the only words where this sound of oo ought to take place. 

The accentuation, both in Scotland and Ireland, (if by 
accentuation we mean the stress, and not the kind of 
stress,) is so much the same as that of England, that I 
cannot recollect many words in which they differ. In- 
deed, if it were not so, the versification of each country 
would be different : for as English verse is formed by ac- 
cent or stress, if this accent or stress were upon different 
syllables in different countries, what is verse in England 
would not be verse in Scotland or Ireland; and this suffi- 
ciently shows how very indefinitely the word accent is 
generally used. 

Mr. Elphinston, who must be allowed to be a compe- 
tent judge in this case, tells us, that in Scotland they 
pronounce silence, bids, canvass, sentence, triumph, com- 
fort, solace, construe, rescue, respite, govern, harass, 
ransack, cancel, with the accent on the last syllable, in- 
stead of tbe first. To this list may be added the word 
menace, which they pronounce as if written mendss ; and, 
though they place the accent on the last syllable of canal, 
like the English, they broaden the a in the last syllable, 
as if the word were spelt canawl. It may be farther ob- 
served, that they place, an accent on the comparative 
adverb as, in the phrases as much, as little, as many, as 
great, Sec, while the English, except in some very partic- 
ular einphatical cases, lay no stress on this word, but 
pronounce these phrases like words of two or three sylla- 
bles, without any accent on the first. 

But, besides the mispronunciation of single words, there 
is a tone of voice with which these words are accompani- 
ed, that distinguishes a native of Ireland or Scotland, as 
much as an improper sound of the letters. This is vul- 
garly, and, if it does not mean stress only, but the kind of 
stress, I think, not improperly, called the accent.* For, 
though there is an asperity in the Irish dialect, and a 
drawl in the Scotch, independent of the slides or inflec- 
tions they make use of, yet it may with confidence be af- 
firmed, that much of the peculiarity which distinguishes 
these dialects may be reduced to a predominant use of one 
of these slides. Let any one, who has sufficiently studied 
the speaking voice to distinguish the slides, observe the 
pronunciation of an Irishman and a Scotchman, who 
have much of the dialect of their country, and he will 
find that the former abounds with the falling, and the 
latter with the rising inflection ;f and, if this is the case, 
a teacher, if he understands these slides, ought to direct 



* See this more fully exemplified in Elements of Elo- 
cution, vol. ii. page 13. 

t Or rather the rising circumflex. For an explanation 
of this inflection, see Rhetorical Grammar, third edition, 
page 79. ' 



his instruction so as to remedy the imperfection. But an 
avoiding the wrong, and soiling the right at the same 
instant, is, perhaps, too great a task for human powers, I 
would advise a native of Ireland, who has much of the 
accent, to pronounce almost all his words, and end all his 
sentences, with the rising slide; and a Scotchman, in the 
same manner, to use the falling inflection: this will, in 
some measure, counteract the natural propensity, and 
bids fairer for bringing the pupil to that nearly equal 
mixture of both slides, which distinguishes the English 
speaker, than endeavouring at first to catch the agreeable 
variety. For this purpose the teacher ought to pronounce 
all the single words in the lesson with the falling inflec 
tion to a Scotchman, and with the rising to an Irishman ; 
and should frequently give the pauses in a sentence the 
same inflections to each of these pupils, where he would 
vary them to a native of England. But while the human 
voice remains unstudied, there is little expectation that 
this distinction of the slides should be applied to these 
useful purposes. 

Besides a peculiarity of inflection, which I take to be a 
falling circumflex, directly opposite to that of the Scotch, 
the Welsh pronounce the sharp consonants and aspira- 
tions instead of the flat. (See Principles, No. 29, 41.) 
Thus for big they say pick ; for blood, ploot ; and for good, 
coot. Instead of virtue and vice, they say firtue and fice ; 
instead of zeal and praise, they say seal and prace ; in- 
stead of these and those, they say ihece and thoce ; and 
instead of azure and osier, they say aysher and osher ; 
and for jail, chail. Thus there are nine distinct consonant 
sounds, which, to the Welsh, are entirely useless. To speak 
with propriety, therefore, the Welsh ought for some time 
to pronounce the flat consonants and aspirations only ; 
that is, they ought not only to pronounce them where 
the letters require the flat sound, but even where they re- 
quire the sharp sound : this will be the best way to ac- 
quire a habit ; and, when this is once done, a distinction 
will be easily made, and a just pronunciation more readi- 
ly acquired. 

There is scarcely any part of England remote from the 
capital where a different system of pronunciation does 
not prevail. As in Wales they pronounce the sharp con- 
sonants for the flat, so in Somersetshire they pronounce 
many of the flat instead of the sharp: thus, for Somerset- 
shire, they say Zomersetshire ; for father, vuther ; for 
tAink, THink, and for sure, zhure.\ 

There are dialects peculiar to Cornwall, Lancashire, 
Yorkshire, and every distant county in England ; but, as 
a consideration of these would lead to a detail too minute 
for the present occasion, I shall conclude these remarks 
with a few observations on the peculiarities of my coun- 
trymen, the Cockneys ; who, as they are the models of 
pronunciation to the distant provinces, ought to be the 
more scrupulously correct. 

FIRST FAULT OF THE LONDONERS. 

Pronouncing s indistinctly after st. 
The letter s after st, from the very difficulty of its pro- 
nunciation, is often sounded inarticulately. The inhab- 
itants of London, of the lower order, cut the knot, and 
pronounce it in a distinct syllable, as if e were before it ; 
but this is to be avoided as the greatest blemish in speak- 
ing; the three last letters in posts, fists, mists, Sec, must 
all be distinctly heard in one syllable, and without per- 
mitting the letters to coalesce. For the acquiring of this 
sound, it will be proper to select nouns that end in st or 
ste, to form them into plurals, and pronounce them forci- 
bly and distinctly every day. The same may be observed 
of the third person of verbs ending in sts or stes ,- as per 
sists, wastes, hastes, &c. 

SECOND FAULT. 
Pronouncing w for v, and inversely. 

The pronunciation of v for w, and more frequently of ot 
for v, among the inhabitants of London, and those not al 
ways of the lower order, is a blemish of the first magni- 
tude. The difficulty of remedying this defect is the 
greater, as the cure of one of these mistakes has a ten- 
dency to promote the other. 

Thus, if you are very careful to make a pupil pronounce 
veal and vinegar, not as if written weal and winegar, 
you will find him very apt to pronounce wine and wind, 
as if written vine and vind. The only method of rectify- 
ing this habit seems to be this : Let the pupil select from 
a dictionary, not only all the words that begin with v, 
but as many as he can of those that have this letter in 
any other part. Let him be told to bite his under lip 
while he is sounding the v in those words, and to prac- 
tise this every day, till he pronounces the v properly at 
first sight: then, and not till then, let him pursue the 
same method with the w ; which he must be directed to 
pronounce by a pouting out of the lips, without suffering 

J See the word Change. 



DIRECTIONS TO FOREIGNERS. 



them to touch the teeth. Thus, by giving all the atten- 
tion to only one of these letters at a time, and fixing by 
Habit the true sound of that, we shall at last find both of 
them reduced to their proper pronunciation, in a shorter 
time than by endeavouring to rectify them both at once. 

THIRD FAULT 

Not sounding h after w. 

The aspirate A is often sunk, particularly in the capital, 
where we do not find the least distinction of sound be- 
tween while and wile, whet and wet, where and were, &-c. 
The best method to rectify this is, to collect all the words 
of this description from a dictionary, and write them 
down ; and, instead of the wh, to begin them with hoo in 
a distinct syllable, and so to pronounce them. Thus, let 
while be written and sounded hoo-ile ; whet, hoo-ct ; where, 
hoo-are ; whip, hoo-ip, &c. This is no more, as Dr. 
, Lowth observes, than placing the aspirate in its true po- 
sition before the w, as it is in the Saxon, which the words 
come from; where we may observe, that, though we have 
altered the orthography of our ancestors, we have still 
preserved their pronunciation. 

FOURTH FAULT. 

Not sounding h -where it ought to be sounded, 

and inversely. 

A still worse habit than the last prevails, chiefly 
among the people of London, that of sinking the A at the 
beginning of words where it ought to be sounded, and of 
sounding it, either where it is not. seen, or where it ought 
to bo sunk. Thus we not unfrequently hear, especially 
amontf children, heart pronounced art, and arm, harm. 
This is a vice perfectly similar to that of pronouncing 
the v for the w, and the w for the v, and requires a simi- 
lar method to correct it. 

As there are so very few words in the language where 
the initial A is sunk, we may select these from the rest, 
and. without setting the pupil right when he mispro- 
nounces these, or when he prefixes A improperly to other 
words, we may make him pronounce all tho words where 
h is sounded, till he has almost forgot there are any words 
pronounced otherwise: then he may go over those words 
to which he improperly prefixes the A, and those where 
the A is seen, but not sounded, without any danger of an 



interchange. As these latter words are but few, I 3hall 
subjoin a catalogue of them for the use of the learner : 
heir, heiress, herb, herbage, honest, honesty, honestly, 
honour, honourable, honourably, hospital, hostler, hour, 
hourly, humble, humbly, humbles, humour, humorist, hu- 
morous, humorously, humorsome : where we may observe, 
that humour and its compounds not only sink the A, but 
sound the u like the pronoun you, or the noun yew, as it 
written yewmour, yewmorous, &c. 

Thus I have endeavoured to correct some of the more 
glaring errours of my countrymen, who, with all their 
faults, are still, upon the whole, the best prououncers of 
the English language : for, though the pronunciation of 
London is certainly erroneous in many words, yet, upon 
being compared with that of any other place, it is un- 
doubtedly the best; that is, not only the best by courtesy, 
and because it happens to be the pronunciation of the 
capital, but the best by a better title, that of being more 
generally received : or, in other words, though the peoplo 
of London are erroneous in the pronunciation of many 
words, the inhabitants of every other place are erroneous 
in many more. Nay, harsh as the sentence may seem, 
those at a considerable distance from the capital do not. 
only mispronounce many words taken separately, but 
they scarcely pronounce witli purity a single word, sylla- 
ble, or letter. Thus, if the short sound of the letter a in 
trunk, sunk, &c, differ from the sound of that letter in 
the northern parts of England, where they sound it like 
the u in bull, and nearly as if the words were written 
troonk, soonk, &cc, it necessarily follows, that every word 
where the second sound of that letter occurs, must by 
those provincials be mispronounced. 

But, though the inhabitants of London have this mani- 
fest, advantage over all the other inhabitants of the isl- 
and, they have the disadvantage of being more disgraced 
by their peculiarities than any other people. The grand 
difference between the metropolis and the provinces is, 
that people of education in London are generally free 
from tho vices of the vulgar; but the best educated peo- 
ple in the provinces, if constantly resident there, are 
sure to be strongly tinctured with the dialect of the 
country in which they live. Hence it is, that the vulgar 
pronunciation of London, though not half so erroneous as 
that of Scotland, Ireland, or any of the provinces, is, to a 
person of correct taste, a thousand times more offensive 
and disgusting. 



DIRECTIONS TO FOREIGNERS, 

IN ORDER TO ATTAIN A KNOWLEDGE OF THE MARKS IN THIS DICTIONARY, AND TO ACQUIRE A 
RIGHT PRONUNCIATION OF EVERY WORD IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 



AS the sounds of the vowels are different in different 
languages, it would be endless to bring parallel sounds 
from the various languages of Europe; but, as the French 
is so generally understood upon the Continent, if we can 
reduce the sounds of the English letters to those of the 
French, we shall render the pronunciation of our lan- 
guage very generally attainable ; and this, it is presumed, 
will be pretty accurately accomplished by observing the 
following directions : 



A 


B 


C 


D 


ei 


hi 


ei 


di 


K 


L 


M 


N 


qud 


ell 


em 


en 






U 


V 



F 


G 


H 


I 


J 


ef 


dgi 


etch 


ai 


djc 


P 


a 


R 


S 


T 


]U 


kiou 


arr 


ess 


ti 


X 


Y 


Z 






ex 


ouax 


zedd 







w 

iou vi dobliou ex 
The French have all our vowel sounds, and will there- 
fore find the pronunciation of them very easy. The only 
difficulty they will meet with seems to be i, which, though 
demonstrably composed of two successive sounds, has 
passed for a simple vowel with a very competent judge of 
English pronunciation.* The reason is, these two sounds 
are pronounced so closely together as to require some at- 
tention to discover their component parts: this attention 
Mr. Sheridanf never gave, or ho would not have told us 



* Nares' Elements of Orthoepy, pago 2. 
•j- See section iii. of his Prosodial Grammar prefixed to 
his Dictionary. 



that this diphthong is a compound of our fullest and 
slenderest sounds, a and e; the first made bv tho largest, 
and the last by the smallest aperture of the mouth. JSlow 
nothing is more certain than the inaccuracy of this defini- 
tion. The third sound of a, which is perfectly equivalent 
to the third sound of o, when combined with tho first 
sound of e, must inevitably form the diphthong in boy, 
joy, &c, and not the diphthongal sound of the vowel i in 
idle, or the personal pronoun / ; this double sound will, 
upon a close examination, be found to be composed of the 
Italian a in the last syllable of papa, and the first sound 
of c, pronounced as closely together as possible ;{ and for 
the exactness of this definition, I appeal to every just 
English ear in the kingdom. 

The other diphthongal vowel, u, is composed of the 
French i, pronounced as closely as possible to their 
diphthong ou, or the English &e and 6, perfectly equiva- 



X Holder, the most philosophical and accurate investi- 
gator of the formation and powers of tho letters, says: 
" Our vulgar i, as in stile, seems to be such a diphthong, 
(or rather syllable, or part of a syllable,) composed of a,- 
i, or e, i, and not a simple original vowel." Elements of 
Speech, page 95. 

Dr. Wallis, speaking of the Jong English i, says it is 
sounded "eodem fere modo quo Gallorum at in vocibus 
main, manus ; pain, panis, &c. Nempe sonum habet 
compositum ex Gallorum e foeminino et i vel y." Gram- 
matica Linguae Anglicans, page 48. 



DIRECTIONS TO FOREIGNERS. 



lent to the sound the French would give to tlio letters 
you, and which is exactly the sound the English give to 
the plural cf the second personal pronoun. 

The diphthong oi or oy is composed of the French A 
and i ; thus toy and boy would bo exactly expressed to a 
Frenchman by writing them tai,bc\i. 

The diphthongs ou and ow, when sounded like ou, are 
composed of the French & and the diphthong ou : and the 
English sounds of thou and now may be expressed to a 
Frenchman by spelling them thaou and naou. 

IV is no more than the French diphthong ou; thus 
West is equivalent to Ouest, and wall to ou&ll. 

Y is perfectly equivalent to the French letter of that 
name, and may be supplied by i ; thus yoke, you, &c, are 
expressed by ioke, iou, &.C. 

J, or /consonant, must be pronounced by prefixing d to 
'.he French j ; thus jay, joy, &c, sound to a Frenchman as 
if spelled dje, dj&i, &x. If any difficulty he found in 
fovning this combination of sounds, it will be removed 
by pronouncing the d, ed, and spelling these words edje, 
e'djai, &c. 

CA, in English words not derived from the Greek, Lat- 
in, or French, is pronounced as if t were prefixed; thus 
the sound of chair, cheese, chain, &c, would be under- 
stood by a Frenchman as if the words were written I 
tchere, tchize, tchene. 

Sh in English is expressed by ch in French ; thus shame, 
share, &c, would be spelled by a Frenchman cheme^ 
chcrc, &c. 

The ringing sound ng in long, song, &c, may be per- 
fectly conceived by a pupil who can pronounce the French 
word encore, as the first syllable of this word is exactly 
correspondent to the sound in those English words ; and 
for the formation of it, sec Principles, No. 57; also the 
word Encore. 

But the greatest difficulty every foreigner finds in pro- 
nouncing English, is the lisping consonant th. This, it 
may be observed, has, like the other consonants, a sharp 
and a flat sound ; sharp, as in thin, bath ; flat, as in that, 
with. To acquire the true pronunciation of this difficult 
combination, it may be proper to begin with those words 
where it is initial: and, first, let the pupil protrude his 
tongue a little way beyond the teeth, and press it be- 
tween them as if going to bite the tip of it. ; while this is 
doing, if he wishes to pronounce thin, let him hiss as if 
to sound the letter 5 ; and, after the hiss, let him draw 
back his tongue within his teeth, and pronounce the | should be pronounced with its exact sound, we immed 



words which exemplify the sounds of the vowels, I have 
associated such French words as have vowels exactly 
corresponding to them, and which immediately convey 
the true English pronunciation. These should bo com- 
mitted to memory, or written down and held in his hand 
while the pupil is inspecting the Dictionary. 

Perhaps the greatest advantage to foreigners and pro- 
vincials will be derived from the classification of words 
of a similar sound, and drawing the line between the gen- 
eral rule and the exception. Ihis has been an arduous 
task ; but it is hoped the benefit arising from it will am- 
ply repay it. When the numerous varieties of sounds 
annexed to vowels, diphthongs, and consonants, lie scat- 
tered without bounds, a learner is bewildered, and dis- 
couraged from attempting to distinguish them; but when 
they are all classed, arranged, and enumerated, the varie- 
ty seems less, the number smaller, and the distinction 
easier. What an inextricable labyrinth do the diph- 
thongs ca and ou form as they lie loose in the language ! 
hut, classed and arranged as we find them, No. £&6, &c, 
and 313, &c, the confusion vanishes, they become much 
less formidable, and a learner has it in his power, by re- 
peating them daily, to become master of them all in a 
very little time. 

The English accent is often an insurmountable obstacle 
to foreigners, as the rules for it are sd various, and the ex- 
ceptions so numerous; but let the inspector consult the 
article Jlccent in the Principles, particularly No. 492, 
505, 506, <fcc, and he will soon perceive how much of our 
language is regularly accented, and how much that 
which is irregular is facilitated by an enumeration of the 
greater number of exceptions. 

But scarcely any method will be so useful for gaining 
the English accent as the reading of verse. This will 
naturally lead the ear to the right accentuation ; and, 
though a different position of the accent is frequently to 
be met with in the beginning of a verse, there is a suffi- 
cient regularity to render the pronouncing of verse a 
powerful means of obtaining such a distinction of force 
and feebleness as is commonly called the accent : for it 
may be observed, that a foreigner is no less distinguisha- 
ble by placing an accent upon certain words, to which 
the English give no stress, than by placing the stress 
upon a wrong syllable. Thus if a foreigner, when he 
calls for bread at table, by saying, give me some bread, 
lays an equal stress upon every word, though every word 



preposition in, and thus will the word thin be perfectly 
ipronounccd. If he would pronounce that, let him place 
the tongue between the teeth as before; and, while he is 
hissing as if to sound the letter i, let him withdraw his 
tongue into his mouth, and immediately pronounce the | 
preposition at. To pronounce this combination when I 
final in bath, let him pronounce ba, and protrude the ! 
tongue beyond the teeth, pressing the tongue with them, ii 
and hissing as if to sound s ; if he would pronounce with, j 
let him first form wi, put the tongue in the same position h 
as before, and hiss as if to sound z. It will be proper to 1 1 
make the pupil dwell some time with the tongue beyond j| 
the teeth, in order to form a habit, and to pronounce daily 
some words out of a dictionary beginning and ending 
with these letters. 

These directions, it is presumed, if properly attended 
to, will be sufficient to give such foreigners as understand 
French, and have not access to a master, a competent 
.Knowledge of English pronunciation ; but, to render the 
sounds ot the vowels marked by figures in this Dictionary 
still mere easily to be comprehended, with those English 



ately perceive he is not a native. An Englishman would 
pronounce these four words like two, with the accent on 
the first syllable of the first, and on the last syllable of 
the last, as if written g'tveme somebred ; or. rather, gtvme 
sumbrcd ; or, more commonly, though vulgarly, gimme 
somebred. Verse may sometimes induce a foreigner, as 
it does sometimes injudicious natives, to lay the accent 
on a syllable, in long words, which ought to have none, as 
in a couplet of Pope's Essay on Criticism: 

"False eloquence, like the prismatick glass, 
" Its gaudy colours spreads on every place." 

Here a foreigner would be apt to place an accent on the 
last syllable of eloquence as well as the first, which would 
be certainly wrong ; but. this fault is so trifling, when 
compared with that of laying the accent on the second 
syllable, that it almost vanishes from observation ; and 
this misaccentuation verse will generally guard him 
from. The reading of verse, therefore, will, if I am not 
mistaken, be found a powerful regulator both of accent 
and emphasis. 



CONTENTS 

OF 

WALKER'S PRINCIPLES OF ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION. 



No. 
ALPHABET 1 

Definition of vowels and consonants 5 

Analogical table of the vowels 16 

Diphthongs and triphthongs enumerated .... 17 

Consonants distinguished into classes 18 

Analogical table of the consonants 29 

Organick formation of the letters 31 

Of the quantity and quality of the vowels .... 62 
Of the influence of accent on the sounds of the letters G9 

The letter A and its different sounds 72 

The letter £ and its different sounds 93 

The letter /and its different sounds 105 

The letter and its different sounds 161 

The letter U and its different sounds 171 

The vowel Y and its different sounds 180 

The vowel- W and its different sounds 189 

Of the diphthongs called semi-consonants .... 196 
Of the diphthongs AE, Al, AO, and all the rest, in 

their alphabetical order 199 

Of the sounds of the consonants 347 

B, when mute 347 

C, its different sounds 318 

D, its different sounds 358 

Improperly changed into T. Dr. Lowth's opinion 

of this change in certain verbs considered and 

corrected 369 

F, its different sounds 377 

O, its different sounds 379 

G always mute before JV* in the same syllable at the 
end of a word, exemplified in the words impugn, 
oppugn, propugn, ezpugn, impregn, &c, with 
the authorities of the most respectable orthoe- 

pists 386 

H, when sounded, and when mute 394 

J, its uniform sound 398 

K, when sounded, and when mute 399 

L, when sounded, and. when mute . . . . . .401 

M, when sounded, and when mute 407 

JV, when it has its naso-guttural sound 408 

When it has its ringing sound in the participial 

termination ing 410 

P, when sounded, and when mute 412 

PH, its uniform sound 412 

Q, its different sounds, when combined with u . . 414 

R, when its sound is transposed 416 

When it is to be pronounced rough, and when 

smooth 419 

S, its different sounds 419 

When it is to be pronounced like z 432 

When it is to be pronounced like sh and zA . . 450 
Mr. Sheridan's errour in this point detected . . 454 

T, its different sounds 459 

How it slides into sh in the numerous termination 

tion 459 

Why it slides into this sound before u, preceded by 

the accent 461 

Mr. Sheridan's errour in this point detected 462 

TH, its different sounds ..... . . 465 

When the A is silent in this combination . 471 

T, when silent . . 472 

V, its uniform sound . 473 

W, when silent, and when sounded .... J ._, 

X, is exactly similar to ks, and liable to the same 

alterations of sound 479 

Mr. Sheridan's errour in this point detected . . 480 



No. 
F, as a consonant, and its different sounds . . 482 

Z, improperly resolved by Dr. Johnson into s hard: 

its true name Jziard . 483 

Its different sounds 484 

OF THE NATURE OF ACCENT. 

The only true definition of accent 488 

The different position of the English accent . . .489 

Accent on dissyllables 491 

Dissyllable nouns and verbs differently accented . . 402 

Accent on trisyllables 501 

Partial dependence of the English accent on that of 

the Greek and Latin 503 

Accent on polysyllables 504 

Enclitical accent exemplified in the ) ( 513 

termination logy, graphy, &c. \ ' ' ) 518 

The tendency of compounds to contract the sound of 

the simple 515 

Secondary accent 522 

The shortening power of this accent 527 

ON QUANTITY. 

The shortening power of the secondary accent exem- 
plified in the uncertainty and inconsistency of 
Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Kenrick in their division 
of words into syllables . . 53C 

ON SYLLABICATION. 

Syllabication different according to the different ends 

to be attained by it 538 

Syllabication exhibiting the sound of a word depend- 
ing, in some measure, on the nature of the letters 
prior to actual pronunciation 543 

The almost total independence of the English quan- 
tity on that of the Greek and Latin, exemplified 
by an enumeration of most of the dissyllables in 
our language derived from the Latin and Greek 544 

The only possible case in which we can argue from 

the Latin quantity to the English 544 

Dissyllables from the Saxon and French languages 

enumerated 544 

Causes of the prevalence of shortening the first sylla- 
ble of dissyllables from those languages . . .544 

Of the quantity of unaccented syllables ending with 
a vowel 547 

Uncertainty and inconsistency of Dr. Kenrick in his 

notation of the quantity of these vowels . . .547 

Uncertainty and inconsistency of Mr. Sheridan and 
Dr. Kenrick in marking the quantity of these 
vowels 551 

Exception to the general rule of pronouncing these 
syllables when e is followed by r 553 

Uncertainty of our bestorthoepists in their syllabica- 
tion of such words, exemplified by a list from 
Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, and Perry .... J54 

Peculiar delicacy of the sound of these syllables . . 555 

Tendency of o before r to go into the same obscurity 
as e, exemplified in the diversity and inconsis- 
tency of our best orthoepists in marking these 
syllables 557 

Table of the simple and diphthongal vowels, referred 
to as a key to the figures over the letters in the 
Dictionary 559 



[Note. In Walker's fourth edition, all that part of No. 214, beginning with "But Mr. Elphinslon," aw* 
continuing to the end, is omitted. In other respects, this edition of Walker's Principles corresponds with 
his fourth edition. — Editor.] 



i 



WALKER'S PRINCIPLES 



OF 



ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 



1. THE First Principles or Elements of Pronun- 
ciation are Letters. 

The Letters of the English Language are : 



Roman. 


Italick. 


Name. 


A a 


A a 


1 a 


B b 


B b 


bee 


C c 


C c 


see 


D d 


D d 


dee 


E e 


E e 


e 


F f 


F f 


*f 


G s 


G £ 
H h 


jee 


H h 


ctitch 


I i 


I i 


i or eye 


i-t 


J X 
K k 


j consonant, or jay 

kay 


L 1 


L I 


el 


M m 


M m 


em 


N n 


N n 


en 


O o 


O o 





£ P 


P V 


pee 


Q q 


Q q 


cue 


R r 


R r 


ar 


S s 


S s 


ess 


T t 


T i 


tee 


U u 


U u 


u or you 


V v 


V v 


v consonant or vee 


W w 


W w 


double u 


X x 


X x 


eks 


y y 


Y y 


wy 


Z z 


Z z 


zed 7 or izzard. (483 



2. To these may be added certain combinations of let- 
ters sometimes used in printing ; as fl, if, fi, ffi, ffl, and &, 
or and per se and, or rather et per se and ; fl, ff, fi, ffi, 
*>• 

3. Our letters, says Dr. Johnson, are commonly reckon- 
ed twenty-four, because anciently i and j, as well as u 
and v, were expressed by the same character ; but as these 
letters, which had always different powers, have now dif- 
ferent forms, our alphabet may be properly said to consist 
of twenty-six letters. v 

4. In considering the r.ounds of these first principles of 
language, we find that some are so simple and unmixed, 
that there is nothing required but the opening of the 
mouth to make them understood, and to form different 
sounds. Whence they have the names of vowels, or 
voices, or vocal sounds. On the contrary, we find that 
there are others, whose pronunciation depends on the par- 
ticular application and use of every part of the mouth, 
as the teeth, the lips, the tongue, the palate, &c. which 
yet cannot make any one perfect sound but by their union 
with those vocal sounds; and these are called consonants, 
or letters sounding with other letters. 

Definition of Vowels and Consonants. 

5. Vowels are generally reckoned to be five in number; 
namely, a, c, i, o, u ; y and id are called vowels when 
they end a syllable or word, and consonants when they 
begin one. 

6. The definition of a vowel, as little liable to excep- 
tion as any, seems to be the following: A vowel is a sim- 
ple sound formed by a continued effusion of the breath, 
and a certain conformation of the mouth, without any 
alteration in the position, or any motion of the organs of 
speech, from the moment the vocal sound commences till 
it ends. 

7. A consonant may be defined to be an interruption of 
the effusion of vocal sound, arising from the application 
of the organs of speech to each other. 

8. Agreeably to this definition, vowels may be divided 
into two kinds the simple and compound. The simple, a, 



e, o, are those which are formed by one conformation of 
the organs only ; that is, the organs remain exactly in the 
same position at the end as at the beginning of the let- 
ter ; whereas in the compound vowels i and u, the organs 
alter their position hefore the letter is completely sound- 
ed; nay, these letters, when commencing a syllable, do 
not only require a different position of the organs in order 
to form them perfectly, but demand such an application 
of the tongue to the roof of the mouth, as is inconsistent 
with the nature of a pure vowel; for the first of these 
letters, i, when sounded alone, or ending a syllable with 
the accent upon it, is a real diphthong, composed of the 
sounds of a in father, and of e in the, exactly correspond- 
ent to the sound of the noun eye ; and when this letter 
commences a syllable, as in min-ion, pin-ion, &c. the 
sound of e, with which it terminates, is squeezed into a 
consonant sound, like the double e heard in queen, dif- 
ferent from the simple sound of that letter in quean, and 
this squeezed sound in the commencing i makes it exact- 
ly similar to y in the same situation; which, by all 
grammarians, is acknowledged to be a consonant.* The 
latter of these compound vowels, u, when initial, and 
not shortened by a consonant, commences with this 
squeezed sound of e, equivalent to the y, and ends with a 
sound given to oo in woo and coo, which makes its name 
in the alphabet exactly similar to the pronoun you.t If, 
therefore, the common definition of a vowel be just, these 
two letters are so far from being simple vowels, that they 
may more properly be called semi-consonant diphthongs. 
9. That y and w are consonants when they begin a 
word, and vowels when they end one, is generally ac- 
knowledged by the best grammarians ; and yet Dr. Lowth 



* How so accurate a grammarian as Dr. Lowth could 
pronounce so definitely on the nature of y, and insist on 
its being always a vowel, can only be accounted for by 
considering the small attention which is generally paid to 
this part of grammar. His words are these : 

" The same sound which we express by the initial y, our 
Saxon ancestors in many instances expressed by the vowel 
e ; as eower, your ; and by the vowel i ; as iw, yew ; iong, 
young. In the word yew the initial y has precisely the 
same sound with i in the words view, lieu, adieu .- the i is 
acknowledged to be a vowel in these latter ; how then can 
the ?/, which has the very same sound, possibly be a con- 
sonant in the former ! Its initial sound is generally like 
that of i in shire, or ee nearly ; it is formed by the open- 
ing of the mouth without any motion or contact of the 
parts: in a word, it has every property of a vowel, and 
not one of a consonant." Introd. to Eng. Gram, page 3. 

Thus far the learned bishop, who has too fixed a fame 
to suffer any diminution by a mistake in so trifling a pait 
of literature as this : but it may be asked, if y has every 
property of a vowel and not one of a consonant, why, 
when it begins a word, does it not admit of theeuphoniofe 
article an before it ? 

| An ignorance of the real composition of u, and a 
want of knowing that it partook of the nature of a con- 
sonant, has occasioned a great diversity and uncertainty 
in prefixing the indefinite article an before it. Our ances- 
tors, judging of its nature from its name, never suspected 
that it was not a pure vowel, and constantly prefixed the 
article an before nouns beginning with this letter: as an 
union, an useful book. They were confirmed in this 
opinion by finding the an always adapted to the short u, 
as an umpire, an umbrella, without ever dreaming that 
the short u is a pure vowel, and essentially different from 
the long one. But the moderns, not resting in the name 
of a letter, and consulting their ears rather than their 
es, have frequently placed the a instead of an before 
the long u, and we have seen a union, a university, a 
useful book, from some of the most respectable pens of 
the present age. Nor can we doubt a moment of the pro- 
priety of this orthography, when we reflect that these 
words actually begin to the ear with y, and might be 
spelled younion, youniversity, youseful, and can there- 
fore no more admit of an before them than year and 
youth. See Remarks on the word An in this Dictionary. 



12 



CLASSIFICATION OF THE VOWELS AND CONSONANTS, &c. 



has told us, that w is equivalent to oo ; but if this were the 
case, it would always admit of the particle an before it : 
for though we have no word in the language which com- 
mences with these letters, we plainly perceive, that if we 
had such u word, it would readily admit of an before it, 
and consequently that these letters are not equivalent to 
w. Thus we find, that the common opinion, with respect 
to the double capacity of these letters, is perfectly just. 

10. Besides the vowels already mentioned, there is 
another simple vowel sound found under the oo in the 
words woo and coo ; these letters have, in these two worrW, 
every property of a pure vowel, but when found in food, 
mood, &c. and in the word too, pronounced like the adjec- 
tive two : here the oo has a squeezed sound, occasioned by 
contracting the mouth, so as to make the lips nearly touch 
each other ; and this makes it, like the i and u, not so 
much a double vowel, as a sound between a vowel and a 
consonant. 

Classification of Vowels and Consonants. 

11. Vowels and consonants being thus defined, it will be 
necessary, in the next place, to arrange them into such 
classes as their similitudes and specifick differences seem 
to require. 

12. Letters, therefore, are naturally divisible into vow- 
els and consonants. 

13. The vowels are, a, e, i, o, u, and y and w when end- 
ing a syllable. 

14. The consonants are, b, c, d,f, g, h,j, k, I, m, n, p, q, 
v, s< t. v, x, z, and y and ic when beginning a syllable. 

15. The vowels may be subdivided into'such as are sim- 
ple and pure, and into such as are compound and im- 
pure. The simple or pure vowels are such as require 
only one conformation of the organs to form them, and no 
motion in the organs while forming. 

16. The compound or impure vowels are such as require 
more than one conformation of the organs to form them, 
and a motion in the organs while forming. These ob- 
servations premised, we may call the following scheme 

An Analogical Table of the Vowels. 



a pa-per. 

a fa-ther, 

a wa-ter, 

e me-tre 

o no-ble 

oo coo, 



simple 
or pure 
vowels. 



i ti-tle, 

y cy-der 

u lu-cid 

w pow-e 



•J 



compound or 
impure vowels. 



Diphthongs and Triphthongs enumerated. 
17. Two vowels forming but one syllable are generally 
called a diphthong, and three a triphthong: these are 
the following. 

ew jewel, 

ey they, 

ia poniard, 

ie friend, 

io passion, 

oa coat, 

oe economy 

oi voice, 

oo moon, 

oil found, 

ow now. 



oy boy, 
ue mansuetude 
ui languid, 
uy buy, 
aye (for ever,) 
eau beauty, 
eou plenteous, 
ieu adieu, 
iew view, 
oeu manoeuvre. 



ae Caesar, 

ai aim, 

ao gaol, 

an taught, 

aw law, 

ay say, 

ea clean, 

ee reed, 

ei ceiling, 

eo people, 

ew feud, 

Consonants enumerated and distinguished into 
Classes. 

18. The consonants are divisible into mutes, semi-vow- 
els, and liquids. 

19. The mutes are such as emit no sound without a 
vowel, as 6, p, t, d, k, and c and g hard. 

20. The semi-vowels are such as emit a sound without 
the concurrence of a vowel, as, /, «, s, z, x, g soft, 
or j. 

21. The liquids are such as flow into, or unite easily 
with the mutes, as I, m, n, r. 

22. But, besides these, there is another classification of 
the consonants, of great importance to a just idea of the 
nature of the letters, and that is, into such as are sharp or 
flat, and simple or aspirated. 

23. The sharp consonants are, p,f, t, s, k, c hard. 

24. The flat consonants are, b, v, d, z, g hard. 

25. The simple consonants are those which have always 
the sound of one letter unmixed with others, as, b, p,f, v, 
k, g hard, and g soft, or j. 

26. The mixed or aspirated consonants are those which 
have sometimes a hiss or aspiration joined with them, 
which mingles with the letter, and alters its sound, as t in 
motiov. d in soldier, s in mission, and z in azure. 

27. There is another distinction of consonants arising 
either from the seat of their formation, or from those or- 
gans which are chiefly employed in forming them. The 
best distinction of this kind seems to be that which di 
vides them into labials, dentals, gutturals, and nasals. 

28. The labials are, b,p,f, v. The dentals are, t, d, s, z, 
and soft g or j. The gutturals are k, q, e hard, and g hard. 
The nasals.are, m, ?i, and ng. 



29. These several properties of the consonants may be exhibited at one view in the following table, which may be 
called 

An Analogical Table of the Consonants. 
( Sharp, p, pomp 
{ Flat, b, bomb 
j Sharp,/,«/ 
\ Flat, v, of 



Mute labials 
Hissing labials 



/ labio- 
> nasal 
\ liquid m 



Mute dentals 



Sharp, t, tat 
Flat, d, dad 



I Sharp, s, say 
\ Flat, z, as 
\ Sharp, cth, death 
\ Flat, the. scythe 
I Sharp, k, kick 
\ Flat, g hard, gag 
Dento-guttural or nasal ng, hang. 



Hissing dentals 
Lisping dentals 
Gutturals 



etch 
edge or j 



esh, passion 
ezhe, vision 



dento- 
nasal 
liquid 7i 

dental 
liquid I 



guttural 
liquid r 



•*0. Vowels and consonants being thus defined and ar- j 
ranged, we are the better enabled to enter upon an in- j 
-miry into their different powers, as they are differently j 
combined with each other. But previous to this, that \ 
nothing may be wanting to form a just idea of the first | 
;>rinciples of pronunciation, it may not bo improper to | 
show the organick formation of each letter. 

Organick Formation of the Letters. 

31. Though I think every mechanical account of the or- 
ganick formation of the letters rather curious than useful, 
yet, that nothing which can be presented to the eye may 
be wanting to inform the ear. 1 snail in this follow those 
who have been at the pains to trace every letter to its 
seat, and make us, as it were, touch the sounds we arti- 
culate. 



Organick Formation of the Vowels. 



32. It will be necessary to observe, that there are three 
long sounds of the letter a, which are formed by a greater 
or less expansion of the internal part3 of the mouth. 

33. The German a heard in ball, wall. &c. is formed bv 



a strong and grave expression of the breath through the 
mouth, which is open nearly in a circular form, while the 
tongue, contracting itself to the root, as if to make way 
for the sound, almost rests upon the under jaw. 

34. The Italian a, heard in father, closes the mouth a 
Uttle more than the German a ; and by raising the lower 
jaw, widening the tongue, and advancing it a little nearer 
to the lips, renders its sound less hollow and deep. 

35. The slender a, or that heard in lane, is formed in 
the mouth still higher than the last ; and in pronouncing 
it, the lips, as if to give it a slender sound, dilate their 
aperture horizontally ; while the tongue, to assist this 
narrow emission of breath, widens itself to the cheeks, 
raises itself nearer the palate, and by these mean* a less 
hollow sound than either of the former is produced. 

36. The e in c-qual is formed by dilating the ton?ue a. 
little more, and advancing it nearer to the palate and the 
lips, which produces the slenderest vowel in the language ; 
for the tongue is, in the formation of this letter, as close 
to the palate as possible, without touching it ; as the mo- 
ment the tongue touches the palate, the squeezed sound of 
eein thee and meet is formed, which, by its description, 
must partake of the sound of the consonant y. 

37. The i in i-dol is formed by uniting the sound of the 
Italian a in father and the c in e-?ual and pronouncing 



OF THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF THE VOWELS. 



a 



them as closely together as possible. See Directions to 
Foreigners, at the beginning of this book. 

38. The o in o-pen is formed by nearly the same posi- 
tion of the organs as the a in wa-ter ; but tho tongue is 
advanced a liKle more into the middle of the mouth, the 
lips are protri ded, and form a round aperture like the 
form of the letter, and the voice is not so deep in the 
mouth as when a is formed, but advances to the middle or 
hollow of the mouth. 

39. The u in tt-nit is formed by uniting the squeezed 
sound ee to a simple vowel sound, heard in wno and coo ; 
the oo in these words is formed by protruding the lips a 
little more than in o, forming a smaller aperture with 
them, and. instead of swelling the voice in the middle 
of the mouth, bringing it as forward as possible to the 
lips. 

40. Y rinal in try is formed like i .- and :o final in now, 
like the oo, which has just been described. 

In this view of the organick formation of the vowels we 
find that a, e , and o, are the only simple or pure vowels : 
that t is a diphthong, and that u is a semi- consonant. If 
we were inclined to contrive a scale for measuring the 
breadth or narrowness, or, as others term it, the openness 
or closeness of the vowels, we might begin with e open, 
as Mr. Elphinston calls it, and which he announces to be 
the closest of all the vocal powers. In the pronunciation 
of this letter we find the aperture of the mouth extended 
on each side ; the lips almost closed, and the sound issuing 
horizontally. The slender a in waste opens the mouth a 
little wider. The a in father opens the mouth still more 
without contracting the corners. The German a heard in 
wall, not only opens the mouth wider than the former a, 
but contracts the corners of the mouth so as to make the 
nurture approach nearer to a circle, while the o opens the 
mouth still more, and contracts the corners so as to make 
it the os rotundiun, a picture of the letter it sounds. If, 
therefore, the other vowels were, like o, to take their 
forms from the aperture of the mouth in pronouncing 
them, the German a ought necessarily to have a figure as 
nearly approaching the o in form as it does in sound ; that 
is. it ought to have that elliptical form which approaches 
nearest to the circle ; as the a of the Italians, and that of 
the English in father, ought to form ovals, in exact pro- 
portion to the breadth of their sounds; the English a in 
waste ought to have a narrower oval ; the e in the ought 
to have the curve of a parabola, and the squeezed sound 
of ee in seen a right line; or to reduce these lines to 
solids, the o would be a perfect globe, the German a an 
oblate spheroid like the figure of the earth T the Italian a 
like an esrg, the English slender a a Dutch skittle, the c a 
roiling-pin, and the double e a cylinder. 

Organick Formation of the Consonants. 

41. The best method of showing the organick formation 
of the consonants will be, to class them into such pairs 
as they naturally fall into, and then, by describing one, 
we shall nearly describe its fellow ; by which means the 
labour will be lessened, and the nature of the consonants 
better perceived. The consonants that fall into pairs are 
the following : 



f t s sh th k ch chair, 
v d z ih dh g j jail. 



4:2. Holder, who wrote the most elaborately and philo- 
sophically upon this subject, tells us, in his Elements of 
Speech, that when we only whisper we cannot distinguish 
the first rank of these letters from the second. It is cer- 
tain the difference between them is very nice; the upper 
letters seeming to have only a smarter, brisker appulse of 
the organs than the lower ; which may not improperly be 
distinguished by sharp and flat. The most marking dis- 
tinction between them will be found to be a sort of guttu- 
ral murmur, which precedes the latter letters when we 
wish to pronounce them forcibly, but not the former. 
Thus if we close the lips, and put the fingers on them to 
keep them shut, and strive to pronounce the p, no sound at 
all will be heard : but in striving to pronounce the b we 
shall find a murmuring sound from the throat, which 
seems the commencement of the letter ; and if we do but 
stop the breath by the appulse of the organs, in order to 
pronounce with greater force, the same may be observed 
of the rest of the letters. 

43. This difference in the formation of these consonants 
may be more distinctly perceived in the s and z than in 
any other of the letters ; the former is sounded by the 
simple issue of the breath between the teeth, without 
any vibration of it in the throat, and may be called a hiss- 
ing sound ; while the latter cannot be formed without ge- 
nerating a sound in the throat, which may be called a vo- 
cal sound. The upper rank of letters, therefore, may be 
called breathing consonants ; and the lower, vocal ones. 

44. These observations premised, we may proceed to 
describe the organick formation of each letter. 

45. P and B are formed by closing the lips till the 



breath is collected, and then letting it issue by forming 
the vowel t. 

46. F and V are formed by pressing the upper teeth 
upon the under lip, and sounding the vowel e before th« 
former and after the latter of theso letters. 

47. T and D are formed by pressing the tip of tho 
tongue to the gums of the upper teeth, and then separat- 
ing them, by pronouncing the vowel e. 

48. S and Z are formed by placing the tongue in th© 
same position as in Tand D, but not so close to the gums, 
as to stop the breath : a space is left between the tongue 
and the palate for the breath to issue, which forms the 
hissing and buzzing sound of these letters. 

49. SH heard in mission, and zh in evasion, are formed 
in the same seat of sound as * and i j but in the former, 
the tongue is drawn a little inwards, and at a somewhat 
greater distance from the palate, which occasions a fuller 
effusion of breath from the hollow of the mouth, than in 
the latter, which are formed nearer to the teeth. 

50. TH in think, and the same letters in that, are form- 
ed by protruding the tongue between the fore teeth, press- 
ing it against the upper teeth, and at the same time en- 
deavouring to sound the s or : ; the former letter to sound 
th in think, and the latter to sound th in that. 

51. K and G hard are formed by pressing the middle of 
the tongue to the roof of the mouth near the throat, and 
separating them a little smartly to form the first, and 
more gently to form the last of these letters. 

52. CH in chair, and J in jail, are formed by pressing t 
to sh, and d to zh. 

53. Jtf is formed by closing the lips, as in P and B f and 
letting the voice issue by the nose. 

54. JV is formed by resting the tongue in the same posi- 
tion as in T or D, and breathing through the nose, with 
the mouth open. 

55. L is formed by nearly the same position of the or- 
gans as t and d, but more with the tip of the tongue, 
which is brought a little forwarder to the teeth, while 
the breath issues from the mouth. 

55. R is formed by placing the tongue nearly in the po- 
sition of t, but at such a distance from the palate as suf- 
fers it to jar against it, when the breath is propelled 
from the throat to the mouth. 

57. NG in ring, sing, &c. is formed in the same seat 
of sound as hard g ; but while the middle of the tongue 
presses the roof of the mouth, as in G, the voice passes 
principally through the nose, as in JV. 

58. Y consonant is formed by placing the organs in the 
position of e, and squeezing the tongue against the roof 
of the mouth, which produces ee, which is equivalent to 
initial?/. (36.) 

59. TV consonant is formed by placing the organs in the 
position of oo, described under u, and closing the lips a 
little more, in order to propel the breath upon the suc- 
ceeding vowel which it articulates. 

60. In this sketch of the formation and distribution of 
the consonants, it is curious to observe on how few radi- 
cal principles the almost infinite variety of combination 
in language depends. It is with some degree of wonder 
we perceive that the slightest aspiration, the almosS in- 
sensible inflection of nearly similar sounds, often generate 
the most different and opposite meanings. In this view 
of nature, as in every other, we find uniformity and vari- 
ety very conspicuous. The single fiat, at first impressed 
on the chaos, seems to operate on languages; which, 
from the simplicity and paucity of their principles, and 
the extent and power of their combinations, prove the 
goodness, wisdom, and omnipotence of their origin. 

61. This analogical association of sounds is not only 
curious, but useful : it gives us a comprehensive view of" 
the powers of the letters ; and, from the small number 
that are radically different, enables us to see the rules on 
which their varieties depend : it discovers to us the genius 
and propensities of several languages and dialects, and, 
when authority is silent, enables us to decide agreeably 
to analogy. 

62. The vowels, diphthongs, and consonants, thus enu 
merated and defined, before we proceed to ascertain their 
different powers, as they are differently associated with 
each other, it may be necessary to give some account of 
those distinctions of sound in the same vowels which ex- 
press their quantity as long or short, or their quality as 
open or close, or slender and broad. This will appear the 
more necessary, as these distinctions so frequently occur 
in describing the sounds of the vowels, and as they are 
not unfrequently used with too little precision by most 
writers on the subject. 

Of the Quantity and Quality of the Vowels. 

63. The first distinction of sound that seems to obtrude 
itself upon us when we utter the vowels, is a long and a 
short sound according to the greater or h?ss duration of 
time taken up in pronouncing them. This distinction is 
so obvious as to have been adopted in all languages, and is 
that to which we annex clearer ideas than to anv »tJ"»- : 



14 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER A. 



and though the short sounds of some vowels have not in 
our language been classed with sufficient, accuracy with 
their parent long ones, yet this has bred but little confu- 
sion, as vowels long and short are always sufficiently dis- 
tinguishable ; and the nice appropriation of short sounds 
to their specifick long ones is not necessary to our convey- 
ing what sound we mean, when the letter to which we 
apply these sounds is known, and its power agreed 
upon. 

64. The next distinction of vowels into their specifick 
sounds, which seems to be the most generally adopted, is 
that which arises from the different apertures of the 
mouth in forming them. It is certainly very natural, 
when we have so many more simple sounds than we have 
characters by which to express them, to distinguish them 
by that which seems their organick definition; and we ac- 
cordingly find vowels denominated by the French, ouvert 
and fermi ; by the Italians, aperto and chiuso ; and by 
the English open and shut. 

65. But whatever propriety there may be in the use of 
these terms in other languages, it is certain they must be 
used with caution in English, for fear of confounding 
them with long and short. Dr. Johnson and other gram- 
marians call the a in father the open a t which may, in- 
deed, distinguish it from the slender a in paper ; but not 
from the broad a in water, which is still more open. Each 
of these letteis has a short sound, which may be called a 
shut sound ; but the long sound cannot be so properly 
denominated open as more or less broad ; that is, the a ir 
paper, the slender sound ; the a in father, the broadish or 
middle sound ; and the a in water, the broad sound. The 
same may be observed of the o. This letter has three 
iong sounds, heard in move, note, nor ; which graduate 
from slender to broadish, and broad, like the a. The i 
also in mine may be called the broad i, and that in ma- 
chine the slender i ; though each of them is equally long ; 
and though these vowels that are long may be said to be 
more or less open according to the different apertures of I 
the mouth in forming them, yet the short vowels cannot 
be said to be more or less shut; for as short always im- 
plies shut (except in verse,) though long does not always 
imply open, we must be careful not to confound long and 
open, and close and shut, when we speak of the quantity I 
and quality of the vowels. The truth of it is, all vowels i 
either terminate a syllable, or are united with a conso-| 
nant. In the first case, if the accent be on the syllable, |j 
the vowel is long, though it may not be open : in the se- 
cond case, where a syllable is terminated by a consonant, 
except that consonant be r. whether the accent be on the 
syllable or not, the vowel has its short sound, which, 
compared with its long one, may be called shut ; but as no 
vowel can be said to be shut that is not joined to a conso- 
nant, all vowels that end syllables may be said to be open, 
whether the accent be on them or not. (550) (551.) 

66, But though the terms long and short, as applied to 
vowels, are pretty generally understood, an accurate ear 
will easily perceive that these terms do not always mean 
the long and short sounds of the respective vowels to 
which they are applied; for if we choose to be directed 
by the ear in denominating vowels long or short, we must 
certainly give these appellations- to those sounds only 
which have exactly the same radical tone, and differ only 
in the long or short emission of that tone. Thus measur- 
ing the sounds of the vowels by this scale, we shall find 
that the long i and y have properly no short sounds but 
such as seem essentially distinct from their long ones ; and 
that the short sound of these vowels is no other than the 
short sound of e, which is the latter letter in the compo- 
sition of these diphthongs. (37.) 

67. The same want of correspondence in classing the 
long and short vowels we find in a, e, o, and u ; for as the 
c «n theme does not find its short sound in the same letter 
i". them, but in the i in him; so the e in them must, de- 
scend a step lower into the province of a for its long sound 
in tame. The a in carry is not the short sound of the a 
in care, but of that in car, father, &c. as the short broad 
sound of the a in want is the true abbreviation of that in 
icall. The sound of o in don, gone, &c. is exactly corre- 
spondent to the a in swan, and finds its long sound in the a 
in wall, or the diphthong aw in dawn, lawn, &c. ; while 
the short sound of the o in tone is nearly that of the same 
letter in ton, (a weight,) and corresponding with what is 
gen°-ally called the short sound of u in tun, gun, &.c. as 
the iong sound of u in pule must find its short sound in 
the u in pull, bull, &c. ; for this vowel, like the i and y, 
being a diphthong, its short sound is formed from the lat- 
ter part of the letter equivalent to double o, as the word 
pule, if spelled according to the sound, might be written 
jpeoole. 

68 Another observation preparatory to a consideration 
of the various sounds of the vowels and consonants 
seenu o be the influence of the accent; as the accent or 
stress which is. laid upon certain syllables has so obvious 
an effect upon the sounds of the letters, that unless we 
take accent into the account, it will be impossible to rea- 
son rightly upon trw proper pronunciation of the Elements 
<rf Speech. 



Of the Influence of Accent on the Sounds of 
the Letters. 

69. It may be first observed, that the exertion of the 
organs of speech necessary to produce the accent or stress, 
has an obvious tendency to preserve the letters in their 
pure and uniform sound, while the relaxation or feeble- 
ness which succeeds the accent as naturally suffers the 
letters to slide into a somewhat different sound a little 
easier to the organs of pronunciation. Thus the first 
in cabbage is pronounced distinctly with the true sound of 
that letter, while the second a goes into an obscure sound 
bordering on the i short, the slenderest of all sounds ; 
that cabbage and village have the a in the last syllable 
scarcely distinguishable from the e and i in the last syl 
lables of college and vestige. 

70. In the same manner the a, e, i, o, and y, coming 
before r in a final unaccented syllable, go into an obscure 
sound so nearly approaching to the short m, that if the ac- 
cent were carefully kept upon the first syllables of liar, 
Her, elixir, mayor, martyr, &c. these words, without any 
perceptible change in the sound of their last syllables, 
might all be written and pronounced, liur, liur, elixur, 
mayur, martur, &c. 

71. The consonants also are no less altered in their 
sound by the position of the accent than the vowels. The 
k and s in the composition of x, when the accent is on 
them, in exercise, execute, &c. preserve their strong pure 
sound ; but when the accent is on the second syllable, in 
exact, exonerate, &c. these letters slide into tlie duller 
and weaker sounds of g and i, which are easier to the 
organs of pronunciation. Hence not only the soft c and 
s go into sh, but even the t before a diphthong slides into 
the same letters when the stress is on the preceding sylla- 
ble. Thus in society and satiety the c and t preserve 
their pure sound, because the syllables ci and ti have the 
accent on tliein ; but in social and satiate, these syllables 
come after the stress, and, from the feebleness of their situ- 
ation, naturally fall into the shorter and easier sound, 
as if written soshial and sashiate. See the word Sa- 
tiety. 



72. A has three long sounds and two short ones. 

73. The first sound of the first letter in our alphabet ig 
that which among the English is its name. (See the letter 
A at the beginning of the Dictionary.) This is what is 
called by most grammarians its slender sound (35) (65;) 
we find it. in the words lade, spade, trade, &c. In the diph- 
thong ai we have exactly the same sound of this letter, 
as in peM, gain, stain, &c. and sometimes in the diph- 
thong ea, as bear, swear, pear, &c. ; nay, twice we find it, 
contrary to every rule of pronunciation, in the words 
where and there, and once in the anomalous diphthong ao 
in gaol. It exactly corresponds to the sound of the 
French e in the beginning of the words etre and tile. 

74. The long slender a is generally produced by a silent 
e at the 'end of the syllable, which e not only keeps one 
single intervening consonant from shortening the preced- 
ing vowel, but sometimes two; thus we fine! the mute c 
makes of rag, rage, and very improperly keeps the a open 
even in range, change, &x. (Sec Change :) hat, with the 
mute c. becomes hate, and the a continues open, and, per- 
haps, somewhat longer in haste, waste, paste, &c. though 
it must be confessed this seems the privilege only of a ; 
for the other vowels contract before the consonants ng in 
revenge, cringe, plunge ; and the ste in cur. language is 
preceded by no other vowel but this. Every consonant 
but n shortens every vowel but a, when soft g and e silent 
succeed ; as bilge, badge, hinge, sponge, &c. 

75. Hence we may establish this general rule: A has 
the long, open, slender sound, when followed by a single 
consonant, and c mule, as lade, made, fade, &c. The only 
exceptions seem to be, have, are, gape, and bade, the past 
time of to bid. 

76. A has the same sound, when ending an accented 
syllable, as pa-per, la-per, spec-ta-tor. The only excep- 
tions are fa-ther, master, wa-ter. 

77. As the short sound of the long slender a is not. 
found under the same character, but in the short c (as may 
be perceived by comparing mate and met) (67,) we pro- 
ceed to delineate the second sound of this vowel, which 
is that heard in father, and is called by some the open 
sound (34;) but this can never distinguish it from the 
deeper sound of the a in all, ball, &c. which is still more 
open : by some it is styled the middle sound of a, as be- 
tween the a in pale, and that in wall t it answers nearly 
to the Italian a in Toscano, Romano, <fec. or to the final 
a in the naturalized Greek words, papa and mamma ; and 
in baa ; the word adopted in almost all languages to ex- 
press the cry of sheep. We seldom find the long sound 
of this letter in our language, except in monosyllables 
ending with r, as far, tar, mar, &c. and in the word 
father. Th ere are certain words from the Latin, Italian, 
and Spanish languages, such as lumbago, bravado, torna 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER A. 



15 



do, camisado, farrago, &c which are sometimes hoard 
with this sound of a ; but except in bravo, heurd chiefly 
at the Theatres, the English sound of a is preferable in 
all these words. 

78. The long sound of the. middle or Italian a is always 
found before r in monosyllables, at car, far, mar, &.c. be- 
fore the Liquids Im ; whether the latter only be pronounc- 
ed, as in psalm, or both, as in psalmist ; sometimes before 
If, and ire, as calf half, calve, halve, salve, &c. ; and, last- 
ly, be'bre the sharp aspirated dental th in bath, path, lath, 
&.C. and in the word father ; this sound of the a was for 
merly more than at present found beforo the nasal liquid 
n, especially when succeeded by c, t, or d, as dance, (fiance, 
lance, France, chance, prance, grant, plant, slant, slan- 
der, ice. 

W, The hissing consonant s was likewise a sign of this 
sound of the a, whether doubled, as in glass, grass, lass, 
Ace. or accompanied by t, as in last, vast, fast, &c. ; but this 
pronunciation of a seems to have been for some years ad- 
vancing to the short sound of this letter, as heard in 
hand, land, grand, &cc. and pronouncing the a in after, 
ansiccr, basket, plant, mast, &c. as long as in half, calf, 
&.C. borders very closely on vulgarity. It must be observ- 
ed, however, that the a before n in monosyllables, and at 
the end of words, was anc.ently written with u after it, 
and so probably pronounced as broad as the German a ; 
for Dr. Johnson observes, " many words pronounced with 
a broad were anciently written with an, as sau.lt, ynault ; 
and we still write fault, vault. This was probably the 
Saxon sound, for it is yet retained in the northern dialects, 
andin the rustick pronunciation, as maun for man, haund 
for hand.^ 1 But since the u has vanished, tho a has been 
gradually pronounced slenderer and shorier, till now 
almost every vestige of the ancient orthography seems 
lost; though the termination mand in command, demand, 
&.c. formerly written commaund, dernaund, &c. still re- 
tains the long sound inviolably.* 

80. As the mute I in calm, psalm, calf, half, &c. seems 
to lengthen the sound of this letter, so the abbreviation 
of 30me words by apostrophe seems to have the same ef- 
fect. Thus when, by impatience, that grand corrupter 
of manners, as well as language, the no is cut out of the 
word cannot, and the two syllables reduced to one, we 
find the a lengthened to the Italian or middle a, as can- 
not, can't ; have not, han't ; shall not, sha'nt ; &c. This 
is no more than what the Latin language is subject to ; 
it being a known rule in that tongue, that when, by com- 
position or otherwise, two short syllables become one, 
that syllable is almost always long, as alius has the pe- 
nultimate long because it comes I'romaliius, and the two 
short vowels in coago become one long vowel in cogo, &c. 

81. The short sound of the middle or Italian a°which 
is generally confounded with the short sound of the slen- 
der a, is the sound of this vowel in man, pan, tan, mat, 
hat, Sec. : we generally find this sound before any two 
successive consonants, (those excepted in the foregoing 
remarks,) and even when it comes before an r, if a vowel 
follow, or the r be doubled; for if this consonant be 
doubled, in order to produce another syllable, the long 
sound becomes short, as mar, marry, car, carry, &c. where 
we find the monosyllable has the long, and the dissyllable 
the short sound ; but if a come before r, followed by 
another consonant, it has its long sound, as in part, par- 
tial, &c. 

82. The only exception to this rule is in adjectives de 
rived from substantives ending in r ; for in this case the 
a continues long, as in the primitive. Thus the a in 
starry, or full of stars, is as long as in star ; and the a in 
the adjective tarry, or besmeared with tar, is as long as 
in the substantive tar, though short in the word tarry 
(to stay). 



* Since the first publication of this Dictionary the 
publick have been favoured with some very elaborate and 
judicious observations on English pronunciation, by Mr. 
Smith, in a Scheme of a French and English Dictionary. 
In this work he departs frequently from my judgment, and 
particularly in the pronunciation of the letter a when 
succeeded by ss, st, or n, and another consonant, as pass, 
lass, chance, &c. to which he annexes the long sound of 
a in father. That this was the sound formerly, is highly 
probable from its being still the sound given it by the 
vulgar, who are generally the last to alter the common 
pronunciation ; but that the short a in these words is now 
the general pronunciation of the polite and learned world, 
seems to be candidly acknowledged by Mr. Smith him- 
self; and as every correct ear would be disgusted at giv- 
ing the a in these words the full long sound of the a in 
father, any middle sound ought to be discountenanced, as 
tending to render the pronunciation of a language ob- 
scure and indefinite. (163.) 

Ben Jonson in I is Grammar classes salt, mall, balm, 
and calm, as having the same sound of a. ; and aunt as 
having the same diphthongal sound as audience, author, 
law, saw, draw, <fc.c. 



83. The third long sound of a is that whicfc we more 
immediately derive Jrom our maternul languagi the Sax- 
on, but which at present we use less than any other: this 
is the a in fall, ball, gall, (33:) we find a correspondent 
sound to this a in the diphthongs au and aw, as laud, law, 
saw, <Stc. ; though it must here be noted, that we have im- 
proved upon our German parent, by giving a broader 
sound to this letter in these words than the Germans 
themselves would do, were they to pronounce them. 

84. The long sound of the deep broad German a is pro- 
duced by II after it, as in all, wall, call ; or, indeed by one I, 
and any other consonant, except the mute labials p, b, f, 
and v, as salt, bald,false,falchion,falcon,&.c. The excep- 
tions to this rule are generally words fromthe Arabickand 
Latin languages, as Alps, Albion, asphaltick, falcated, 
salve, calculate, amalgamate, Alcoran, and Alfred, &c. ; 
the two last of which may be considered as ancient pro 
per names which have been frequently latinized, and by 
this means have acquired a slenderer sound of a. This rule, 
however, must be understood of such syllables only as 
have the accent on them ; for when al, followed by a con- 
sonant, is in the first syllable of a word, having the ac- 
cent on the second, it is then pronounced as in the first 
syllables of al-ley, val-ley, &c. as alternate, balsamick, 
falcade, falcation, &c. Our modern orthography, which 
has done its utmost to perplex pronunciation, has made 
it necessary to observe, that every word compounded of a 
monosyllable with 11, as albeit, also, almost, downfal, &.c. 
must be pronounced as if the two liquids were still re- 
maining, notwithstanding our word-menders have wisely 
taken one away, to the destruction both of sound and ety- 
mology; for, as Mr. Elphinston shrewdly observes, 
" Every reader, young and old, must now be so sagacious 
an analyst as to discern at once not only what are com- 
pounds and what their simples, but that al in composition 
is equal to all out of it ; or in other words, that it is both 
what it is, and what it is not." Prin. Eng. Language, 
vol. I. page 60. See No. 40b. 

85. The w has a peculiar quality of broadening this 
letter, even when prepositive: this is always the effect, 
except when the vowel is closed by the sharp or flat gut 
tural k or g, x, ng, nk, or the sharp labial/, as wax, waft 
thwack, twang, twank: thus we pronounce the a broad, 
though short in wad , wan, want, was, what, &c. and though 
other letters suffer the a to alter its sound before 11, when 
one of these letters goes to the formation of the latter 
syllable, as tall,tal-low ,• hall, hal-laio i call,cal-low, &c. ; 
yet we see w preserve the sound of this vowel before a 
single consonant, as wal-low, swal-low, &.c. 

86. The q including the sound of the w, and being no 
more than this letter preceded by k, ought, according to 
analogy, to broaden every a it goes before like the w ; 
thus quantity ought to be pronounced as if written 
kwontity, and quality should rhyme with jollity ; instead 
of which we frequently hear the w robbed of its rights in 
its proxy ; and quality so pronounced as to rhyme with 
legality ; while to rl.yme quantity, according to this af- 
fected mo^c of pronouncing it, we must coin such words 
as planiity and consonantity. The a in Quaver and 
Equator is an exception to this rule, from the preponde- 
rancy of another which requires a, ending a syllable under 
the accent, to have the slender sound of that letter ; to 
which rule, father, master, and water, and perhaps,, 
quadrant, are the only exceptions. 

87. The short sound of this broad a is heard when it is 
preceded by w, and succeeded by a single consonant in the 
same syllable, as wal-low, swal-low, &c. or by two conso- 
nants in the same syllable, as want, wast, wasp, See. bui 
token I or r is one of the consonants, the a becomes long, 
as walk, swarm, &c. 

Irregular and unaccented Sounds. 

88. But besides the long and short sounds common to 
all the vowels, there is a certain transient indistinct pro 
nunciation of some of the" when they are not accented, 
that cannot be so easily settled. When the accent is not 
upon it, no vowel is more apt to run into this imperlect 
sound than the a ; thus the particle a before participles, 
in the phrases a-going, a-walking, a-shooting, &c. seems, 
says Dr. Lowth, to be the true and genuine preposition on 
a little disguised by familiar use and quick pronuncia- 
tion: the same indistinctness, from rapidity and coinci- 
dence of sound, has confounded the pronunciation of this 
mutilated preposition to the ear, in the different questions 
what's o'clock, when we would know the hour, and what's 
a clock, when we would have the description of that ho- 
rary machine ; and if the accent be kept strongly on the 
first syllable of the word tolerable, as it always ought to 
be, we find scarcely any distinguishable difference to the 
ear, if we substitute u or o instead of a in the penultimate 
syllable. Thus tolerable, toleroble and toleruble, are ex- 
actly the same word to the ear, if pronounced without 
premeditation or transposing the accent, for the real pur- 
pose of distinction ; and inwards, outwards, &c. might, 
with respect to sound, be spelt inwurds, oulwwds, &c 



.6 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER E. 



Thus the word man, when not under the accent, might be 
written mun in nobleman, husbandman, woman ; and ter- 
tian and quartan, tertiun and quartun, &c. The same 
observation will hold good in almost every final syllable 
where a is not accented, as medal, dial, giant, bias, &c. 
defiance, temperance, &c. ; but when the final syllable 
ends in age, ate, or ace, the a goes into a somewhat differ- 
ent sound. See 90 and 91. 

89. There is a corrupt, but a received pronunciation of 
this letter in tho words any, many, Thames, where the a 
sounds like short e, as if written enny, menny, Terns. 
Catch, among Londoners, seems to have degenerated into 
Ketch ; and says, the third person of the verb to say, has, 
among all ranks of people, and in every part of the united 
kingdoms, degenerated into sez, rhyming with Fez. 

90. The a goes into a sound approaching the short t, 
in the numerous terminations in age, when the accent is 
not on it, as cabbage, village, courage, &c. and are pro- 
nounced nearly as if written cabbige, villige, courige, 
&c. The exceptions to this rule are chiefly among words 
of three syllables, with the accent on the first; these seem 
to be the following: Adage, presage, scutage, hemor- 
rhage, vassalage, carcclage, guidage, pucelage, muci- 
lage, cartilage, pupilage, orphanage, villanagc, appan- 
age, concubinage, baronage, patronage, parsonage, per- 
sonage, equipage, ossifrage, saxifrage, umpirage, em- 
bassage, hermitage, heritage, parentage, messuage. 

91. The a in the numerous termination ate, when the 
accent is not on it, is pronounced somewhat differently in 
different words. If the word be a substantive, or an ad- 
jective, the a seems to be shorter than when it is a verb : 
thus a good ear will discover a difference in the quantity 
of this letter, in delicate and dedicate ; in climate, pri- 
mate, and ultimate ; and the verbs to calculate, to regu- 
late, and to speculate, where we find the nouns and adjec- 
tives have the a considerably shorter than the verbs. 
Innate, however, preserves the a as long as if the accent 
were on if. but the unaccented terminations in ace, 
whether nouns or verbs, have the a so short and obscure 
as to be nearly similar to the u in us ; thus palace, solace, 
■menace, pinnace, populace, might, without any great de- 
parture from their common sound, be. written pallus, sol- 
lus, &c. while furnace almost changes the a into i, and 
might be written furniss. 

92. When the a is preceded by the gutturals, hard g 
or c, it is, in polite pronunciation, softened by the inter- 
vention of a sound like e, so that card, cart, guard, re- 
gard, are pronounced like kc-ard, ghe-ard, re-ghe-ard. 
When the a is pronounced short, as in the first syllables 
of candle, gander, &c. the interposition of the e is very 
perceptible, and indeed unavoidable : for though we can 
pronounce guard and cart without interposing the e, it is 
impossible to pronounce garrison and carriage in the 
same manner. This sound of the a is taken notice of in 
Steele's Grammar, page 49. Nay, Ben Jonson remarks the 
same sound of this letter, which proves it is not the 
offspring of the present day (160 ;) and I have the sa- 
tisfaction to find Mr. Smith, a very accurate inquirer 
into the subject, entirely of my opinion. But the sound 
of the a, which I have found the most difficult to ap- 
preciate, is that where it ends the syllable, either imme- 
diately before or after the accent. We cannot give it any 
of its three open sounds without hurting the ear: thus in 
pronouncing the words abound and diadem, ay-bound, 
ab-bound, and aw-bound ; di-aij-dem, di-ah-dem and di- 
aw-dem, are all improper; but giving the a the second or 
Italian sound, as ah-bound, and di-ah-dem, seems the least 
so. For which reason I have, like Mr. Sheridan, adopted 
the short sound of this letter to mark this unaccented a .- 
but if the unaccented a be final, which is not the case in 
any word purely English, it then seems to approach still 
nearer to the Italian a in the last syllable of papa, and to 
the a in father ; as may be heard in the deliberate pro- 
nunciation of the words idea, Africa, Delta, Sec. (88.) 
See the letter A at the beginning of the Dictionary. 



93. The first sound of e is that which it has when 
lengthened by the mute e final, as in glebe, theme, Sec. or 
when it ends a syllable with the accent upon it, as se- 
cre-^ion, ad-he-sion, &c. (36.) 

94. The exceptions to this rule are, the words where 
and there ; in which the first e is pronounced like a, as if 
written whare, thare ; and the auxiliary verb were, 
where the e has its short sound, as if written wer, rhym- 
ing with the last syllable of pre-fer, and ere, (before,) 
which sounds like air. When there is in composition in 
the word therefore, the e is generally shortened, as in 
were, but in my opinion improperly. 

95. The short sound of e is that heard in bed, fed, red, 
wed, &c. ; this sound before r is apt to slide into short u ; 
and we sometimes hear mercy sounded as if written 
murey .• but this, though very near, is not the exact 
Bound. 



Irregular and unaccented Sounds, 

96. The e at the end of the monosyllables be, he, mi, 
we, is pronounced ee, as if wrjtten bee, hee, Sec. It is si- 
lent at the end of words purely English, but is pronounced 
distinctly at the end of some words from the learned Ian 
guages, as epitome, simile, catastrophe, apostrophe, Sec. 

97. The first e in the poetic contractions, e'er and ne'er 
is pronounced like a, as if written air and nair. 

98. The e in her is pronounced nearly like short u ; and 
as we hear it in the unaccented terminations of writer, 
reader, Sec. pronounced as if written writur, rcadur, 
where we may observe that the r being only a jar, and 
not a definite and distinct articulation like the other con- 
sonants, instead of -stopping the vocal efflux of voice, lets 
it imperfectly pass, and so corrupts and alters the true 
sound of the vowel. The same may be observed of the 
final e after r in words ending in ere, gre, tre, where the 
e is sounded as if it were placed before the r, as in lucre, 
maugre, theatre, Sec. pronounced lukur, maugur, theatur, 
Sec. See No. 418. It may be remarked, that though we 
ought cautiously to avoid pronouncing the e like u when 
under the. accent, it would be nimis Attice, and border 
too much on affectation of accuracy to preserve this 
sound of e in unaccented syllables before r ; and though 
terrible, where e has the accent, should never be pro- 
nounced as if written turrible, it is impossible without 
pedantry to make any difference in the sound of the last 
syllable of splendour and tender, sulphur and suffer, or 
martyr and garter. But there is a small deviation from 
rule when this letter begins a word, and is followed by a 
double consonant with the accent on the second syllable : 
in this case we find the vowel lengthen as if the conso- 
nant were single. See Efface, Despatch, Embalm. 

99. This vowel, in a final unaccented syllable, is apt to 
slide into the short i .- thus faces, ranges, praises, are 
pronounced as if written/ach, rangiz, praisii ; poet, co- 
vet, linen, duel, Sec. as if written poit, covit, lining duil, 
Sec. Where we may observe, that though the e goes into 
the short sound of i, it is exactly that sound which cor- 
responds to the long sound of e. See Port-Royal Gram- 
mar, Latin, page 142. 

100. There is a remarkable exception to the common 
sound of this letter in the words clerk, serjeant, and a 
few others, where we find the e pronounced like the a in 
dark and margin. But this exception, I imagine, was, 
till within these few years, the general rule of sounding 
this letter before r, followed by another consonant. See 
Merchant. Thirty years ago every one pronounced the 
first syllable of merchant like the monosyllable march, 
and as it Avas anciently written marchant. Service and 
servant are still heard among the lower order of speak- 
ers, as if written sarvice and sarvant ; and even among 
the better sort, we hear sometimes the salutation, Sir, 
your sarvant! though this pronunciation of the word 
singly would be looked upon as a mark of the lowest vul- 
garity. The proper names, Derby and Berkeley, still 
retain the old sound as if written Darby and Barkclcy : 
but even these, in polite usage, are getting into the com- 
mon sound, nearly as if written Durby and Burkcly. As 
this modern pronunciation of the e has a tendency to 
simplify the language by lessening the number of excep- 
tions, it ought certainly to be indulged. 

101. This letter falls into an irregular sound, but still 
a sound which is its nearest relation, in the words, En- 
gland, yes, and ]>rctty, where the e is heard like short i. 
Vulgar speakers are guilty of the same irregularity in 
engine, as if written ingine ; but this cannot be too care- 
fully avoided. 

102. The vowel e before I and n in the final unaccented 
syllable, by its being sometimes suppressed and some- 
times not, forms one of the most puzzling difficulties in 
pronunciation. When any of the liquids precede these 
letters, the e is heard distinctly, as woollen, flannel, wo- 
men, syren ; but when any of the other consonants come 
before these letters, the c is sometimes heard, as in novel, 
sudden ; and sometimes not, as in swivel, raven, Sec. As 
no other rule can be given for this variety of pronuncia- 
tion, perhaps the best way will be to draw the line be- 
tween those words where e is pronounced, and those 
where it is not ; and this, by the help of the Rhyming 
Dictionary, I am luckily enabled to do. In the first place, 
then, it may be observed, the c before I, in a final unac- 
cented syllable, must always be pronounced distinctly, 
except in the following words : Shekel, weasel, ousel, nou- 
sel, (better written nuzzle,) navel, ravel, snivel, rivel, 
drivel, shrivel, shovel, grovel, hazel, drazel, nozel. These 
words are pronounced as if the e were omitted by an apos- 
trophe, as shekH, weasH, ousH, Sec. or rather as if written 
sheckle, weazle, ouzle, Sec. ; but as these are the only 
words of this termination that are so pronounced, great 
care must be taken that we do not pronounce travel, gra- 
vel, rebel, (the substantive,) parcel, chapel, and vessel, in 
the same manner ; a fault to which many are very prone. 

103. JE before n in a final unaccented syllable and not. 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER /. 



17 



preceded by a liquid, must always be suppressed in the 
verbul terminations in en, as to loosen, to hearken, ami in 
other words, except the following : Sudden, mynchen, 
kitchen, hyphen, chicken, ticken, (better written ticking,) 
jcrken, aspen, platen, paten, marten, latten, patten, leaven 
or lercn, sloven, mittens. In these words the e is heard 
distinctly, contrary to the general rule which suppresses 
tlw e in those syllables, when preceded by a mute, us har- 
den, heathen, heaven, as if written tntrd , n J heathen, he avl'n, 
&.C. ; nay, even when preceded by a liquid in the words 
fallen unci stolen, where the c is suppressed, as if they 
were written fall'ii, and stoVn: garden and burden, 
therefore, are very analogically pronounced gard'n and 
burden: and this pronunciation ought the rather to be in- 
dulged, as wo always hear the c suppressed in gardener 
and burdensome, as if written gardener, and burdensome. 
See No. 472. 

10-1. This diversity in the pronunciation of these termi- 
nations ought the more carefully to be attended to, as 
nothing is so vulgar and childish as to hear swivel and 
heaven pronounced with the e distinctly, or novel and 
chicken with the e suppressed. But the most genoral 
suppression of this letter is in the preterits of verbs, and 
in participles ending in cd ; here, when the c is not pre- 
ceded by d or £, the e is almost universally sunk, (3o'2,) 
and the two linal consonants are pronounced in one sylla- 
ble : thus loved, lived, barred, marred, are pronounced as 
if written lord, livd, bard, mard. The same may be ob- 
served of this letter when silent in the singulars of 
nouns, or the first persons of verbs, as theme, make, ice. 
which form themes in the plural, and makes in the third 
person, <tc. where the last e is silent, and the words are 
pronounced in one syllable. When the noun or first per- 
son of the verb ends in y, with the accent on it, the c is 
likewise suppressed, as a reply, Uco replies, he replics.&c. 
When words of this form have the accent on the preced- 
ing syllables, the c is suppressed and the y pronounced 
like short i, as cherries, marries, ca?-rics,Scc. pronounced 
cherrii, viarriz, carriz, &c. In the same manner, carri- 
ed, married, embodied, &c. are pronounced as if written 
carrid, mat-rid, cmbodid, &c. (282.) But it must be 
carefully noted, that there is a remarkable exception to 
many of these contractions when we are pronouncing the 
language of Scripture : here every participial ed ought to 
make a distinct syllable, where it is not preceded by a 
vowel : thus, " Who hath believed our report, and to whom 
is the arm of the Lord revealed ?"Iiere the participles are 
both pronounced in three syllables ; hut in the following- 
passage, " Whom he did predestinate, them he also called : 
and whom he called, them he also justified ; and whom 
he justified, them he also glorified ;." called preserves 
the e, and is pronounced in two syllables; and justified 
and glorified suppress the e, and are pronounced in three. 

I. 

105. This letter is a perfect diphthong, composed cf the 
sounds of a in father, and e in he, pronounced as closely 
together as possible (37.) When these sounds are openly 
pronounced, they produce the familiar assent ay : which, 
by the old English dramatiek writers, was often expressed 
by /.- hence we may observe, that unless our ancestors 
pronounced the vowel / like the o in oil, the present pro- 
nunciation of the word ay in the House of Commons, in 
the phrase, the Ayes have it, is contrary to ancient as 
well as to present usage : snch a pronunciation of this 
word is now coarse and rustick. This sound is heard 
when the letter is lengthened by final e, as time, thine, or 
ending a syllable with the accent upon it, as ti-tle, di-al ; 
iu monosyllables ending with nd, as bind, find, mind, &c. ; 
in three words ending with Id, as child, 'mild, wild ; and 
in one very irregularly ending with nt, as pint. (37.) 

103. There is one instance where this letter, though 
succeeded by final e, does not go into the broad En- 
glish sound like the noun eye, butlnto the slender foreign 
sound like e. This is in the word shire, pronounced as if 
written sheer, both when single, as a knight of the shire ; 
or iu composition, as in jYottiughamshire, Leicestershire, 
&c. This is the sound Dr. Lowth gives it in his Gram- 
mar, page 4: and it is highly probable that the simple 
shire acquired this slender sound from its tendency to be- 
come slender in the compounds, where it is at a distance 
from the accent, and where all the vowels have a natural 
tendency to become short and obscure. See Shire. 

107. The short sound of this letter is heard in him, thin, 
&c. and when ending an unaccented syllable, as van-i-ty, 
aual-i-ty, &c. where, though it cannot be properly said to 
be short, as it is not closed by a consonant, yet it has but 
half its diphthongal sound. This sound is the sound of e, 
the last letter of the diphthong that forms the long /; and 
it is not a little surprising that Dr. Johnson should say 
that the short i was a sound wholly different from the 
long one. (551.) 

108. When this letter i3 succeeded by r, and another 
consonant not in a final syllable, it has exactly the sound 

3 



of c in vermin, vernal, &c. as virtue, virgin, &c. which 
approaches to the sound of short u ; jut when it comes 
before r followed by another consonant in a final syllable, 
it acquires the sound of u exactly, as bird, dirt, shirt. 
squirt, &c. Mirth, birth, gird, girl, skirt, girl, whirl 
and firm, are the only exceptions to this rule" where i is 
pronounced like c, and as if the words were written, 
inerth, berth, luulfcrm. 

101). The letter r, in this case, seems to have the same 
influence on this vowel, as it evidently has on a and o. 
When these vowels come before double r, or single r, 
followed by a vowel, as in arable, carry, marry, orator, 
horrid, forage, <Scc. they are considerably shorter than 
when the r is the final letter of the word, or when it is 
succeeded by another consonant, as in arbour, car, war, 
or, nor, for. In the same manner the i, coming before 
either double r, or single r, followed by a vowel, preserves 
its pure, short sound, as in irritate, spirit, conspiracy, 
&c. ; but when r is followed by another consonant, or 
is the final letter of a word with tiie accent upon it, 
the i goes into a deeper and broader sound, equivalent to 
short c, as heard in virgin, virtue, &e. So fir, a tree, is 
perfectly similar to the first syllable of ferment, though 
often corruptly pronounced like fur, a skin. Sir and stir 
are exactly pronounced as if written sur and stur. It 
seems, says Mr. Nares, that our ancestors distinguished 
these sounds more correctly. Bishop Gardiner, in his 
first letter to Cheke, mentions a witticism of Nicholas 
Rowley, a fellow Cantab with him, to this effect : " Let 
handsome girls be called virgins, plain ones vurgins." 

" Si pulchra est, virgo, sin turpis, vurgo vocetur." 

Which, says Mr. Elphinston, may be modernized by the 
aid of a far more celebrated line : 

''• Sweet virgin can alone the fair express, 
Fine by degrees, and beautifully less .- 
But let the hoyden, homely, rough-hewn vurgin, 
Engross the homage of a Major Sturgeon." 

110. The sound of i in this situation, ought to be the more 
carefully attended to, as letting it fall into the sound of 
u, where it should have the sound of e, has a grossness in 
it approaching to vulgarit}-. Perhaps the only exception 
to this rule is, when the succeeding vowel is u ; for this 
letter, being a semi-consonant, has some influence on the 
preceding i, though not so much as a perfect consonant 
would have. This makes Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation 
of the i in virulent and its compounds, like that iu vir- 
gin, less exceptionable than I at first thought it ; but 
since we cannot give a semi-sound of short i to corre- 
spond to the semi-consonant sound of u, I have preferred 
the pure sound which I think the most agreeable to polite 
usage. See Mr. Garrick's Epigram upon the sound of this 
letter, under the word Virtue. 



Irregular and unaccented Sounds. 

111. There is an irregular pronunciation of this letter 
which has greatly multiplied within these few years, and 
that is, the slender sound heard in ee. This" sound is 
chiefly found in words derived from the French and Ita- 
lian languages ; and we think we show our breeding by a 
knowledge of those tongues, and an ignorance of our 
own : 

" Eeport of fashions in proud Italy, 
Whose manners still our tardy apish nation 
Limps after, in base awkward imitation." 

Shakspeare, Richard II. 

When Lord Chesterfield wrote his letters to his son, the 
word oblige was, by many polite speakers, pronounced as 
if written obleege, to give a hint of their knowledge of 
the French language; riay, Pope has rhymed it to this 
sound : 

" Dreading ev'n fools, by flatterers besieged, 
And so obliging, that lie ne'er obliged." 

But it was so far from having generally obtained, that 
Lord Chesterfield strictly enjoins his son to avoid this 
pronunciation as affected. In a tew years, however, it 
became so general, that none but the lowest vulgar ever 
pronounced it in the English manner ; but, upon the pub- 
lication of this nobleman's letters, which was about 
twenty years after he wrote them, his authority has had 
so much influence with the polite world as to bid fair for 
restoring the i, in this word, to its original rights; and 
we not unfrequently hear it now pronounced with the 
broad English* i, in those circles where, a few years ago, 
it would have been an infallible mark of vulgarity. Mr. 
Sheridan, W. Johnston, and Mr. Barclay, give both sounds, 
but place the sound of oblige first. Mr. Scott gives both, 



18 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER /. 



Dut places obleege first. Dr. Kenrick and Buchanan give 
onnly oblige ; and Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Perry, and Fenning, 
give only obleege ; but though this sound has lost ground 
so much, yet Mr. Nares, who wrote about eighteen years 
ago, says, " oblige, still, I think, retains the sound of long 
e, notwithstanding the proscription of that pronunciation 
by the late Lord Chesterfield." 

112. The words that have preserved the foreign sound 
off, like double ee, are the following : Ambergris, verde- 
gris, antique, becafico,bombasin, brazil, capivi, capuchin, 
colberline, chioppine, or chopin, caprice, chagrin, che- 
vaux-de-frise, critique, (for criticism,) festucine, frize, 
gabardine, haberdine, sordine, ruginc, trephine, quaran- 
tine, routine, fascine, fatigue, intrigue, glacis, invalid, 
machine, magazine, marine, palanquin, pique, police, 
profile, recitative, man-da-rine, tabourine, tambourine, 
tontine, transmarine, ultramarine. In all these words, 
if for the last i we substitute ee, we shall have the true 

Sronunciation. In signior the first i is thus pronounced. 
Ir. Sheridan pronounces vertigo and serpigo with the 
accent on the second syllable, and the i long as in tie and 
pie. Dr. K°,nrick gives these words the same accent, but 
sounds the i as e in tea and pea. The latter is, in my 
opinion, the general pronunciation; though Mr. Sheridan's 
is supported by a very general rule, which is, that all 
words adopted whole from the Latin preserve the Latin 
accent. (503. b.) But if the English ear were unbiassed 
by the long i in Latin, which fixes the accent on the se- 
cond syllable, and could free itself from the slavish imita- 
tion of the French and Italians, there is little doubt but 
these words would have the accent on the first syllable, 
and that the i would be pronounced regularly like the 
short c, as in Indigo and Portico. See Vertigo. 

113. There is a remarkable alteration in the sound of 
this vowel, in certain situations, where it changes to a ] 
sound equivalent to initial y. The situation that occa- 
sions this change is, when the i precedes another vowel 
in an unaccented syllable, and is not preceded by any of 
the dentals : thus we hear iary in mil-iary, bil-iary, Sec. 
pronounced as if written mil-yary, bil-yary, &.c. Min- 
ion and pin-ion as \t' written min-i/on and pin-yon. In 
these words the i is so totally altered to y, that pronounc- 
ing the ia and io in separate syllables would be an errour 
the most palpable ; but where the other liquids or mutes 
precede the i in this situation, the coalition is not so ne- 
cessary : for though the two latter syllables of convivial, 
participial, &c. are extremely prone to unite into one, 
they may, however, be separated, provided the separation 
be not too distant. The same observations hold good of 
«, as malleable, pronounced mal-ya-bie. 

114. But the sound of the i, the most difficult to reduco 
to rule, is when it ends a syllable immediately before the 
accent. When either the primary or secondary accent 
is on this letter, it is invariably pronounced either as the 
long i in title, the short i in tittle, or the French i in ma- 
gazine ; and when it ends a syllable after the accent, it is 
always sounded like.e, as sensi-ble, ra-ti-fy, &c. But 
when it ends a syllable, immediately before the accent, it 
is sometimes pronounced long, as in vi-ta-li-ty, where the 
first syllable is exactly like tiie first of vi-al ; and some- 
times short, as in di-gest, where the i is pronounced as if 
the word were written de-gest. The sound of the i, in 
this situation, is so little reducible to rule, that none of 
our writers on the subject have attempted it ; and the only 
method to give some idea of it, seems to be the very labo- 
rious one of classing such words together as have the i 
pronounced in the same manner, and observing the differ- 
ent combinations of other letters that may possibly be the 
cause of the different sounds of this. 

115. In the first place, where the i 13 the only letter in 
the first syllable, and the accent is on the second, begin- 
ning with a consonant, the vowel has its long diphthongal 
sound, as in idea, identity, idolatry, idoneous, irascible, 
ironical, isosceles, itinerant, itinerary. Imagine and its 
compounds seem the only exceptions. But to give the 
inspector some idea of general usage, I have subjoined 
examples of these words, as they stand in our different 
Pronouncing Dictionaries : 
idea. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, 

Kenrick. 
Idea. Perry. 

identity. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, 
Kenrick. 

identity. Perry. 

idolatry. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, 
Kenrick. 

idolatry. Perry. 

idoneous. Sheridan, Kenrick. 

irascible. Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick. 

irascible. Perry- 

isosceles. Sheridan, Scott, Perry. 

itinerary. Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick. 

itinerary. Perry. 

itinerant. Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Nares. 

itinerant. Buchanan, Perry. 

116. When i ends the first syllable, and the accent is on 



the second, commencing with a vowel, it generally pre* 
serves its long open diphthongal sound. Thus in di-ame- 
ter, di-urnal, &c. the first syllable is equivalent to the 
verb to dtp. A corrupt, foreign manner of pronouncing 
these words, may sometimes mince the i into c, as if the 
words were written de-ameter, de-urnal, &c. ; but this is 
disgusting to every just English ear, and contrary to the 
whole current of analogy. Besides, the vowel that ends 
and the vowel that begins a syllable, are, by pronouncing 
the i long, kept more distinct, and not suffered to coa- 
lesce, as they are apt to do if i has its slender sound. This 
proneness of the e, which is exactly the slender sound of 
i, to coalesce with the succeeding vowel, has produced 
such monsters in pronunciation as joggraphy and jomme- 
try, for geography and geometry, and jorgics for georgics 
The latter of these words is fixed in this absurd = pro« 
nunciation without remedy; but the two former seem 
recovering their right to four syllables; though Mr. 
Sheridan has endeavoured to deprive them of it, by spell- 
ing them with three. Hence we may observe, that those 
who wish to pronounce correctly, and according to analo- 
gy, ought to pronounce the first syllable of biography, as 
the verb to buy, and not as if.written bc-ography. 

117. When i ends an initial syllable without the ac- 
cent, and the succeeding syllable begins with a consonant, 
the i is generally slender, as if written c. But the excep- 
tions to this rule are so numerous, that nothing but a 
catalogue will give a tolerable idea of the state of pro- 
nunciation in this point. 

118. When the prepositive hi, derived from bis, (twice,) 
ends a syllable immediately before the accent, the i is long 
and broad, in order to convey more precisely the specific 
meaning of the syllable. Thus bi-capsular, bi-cipital, bi- 
cipitous, bi-cornous, bi-corporal, bi-dental, bi-farious, bi- 
furcated, bi-linguous, bi-nocular, bi-pennated, bi-petalous, 
bi-quadrate, have the i long. But the first syllable 
of the words Bitumen and Bituminous having no such 
signification, ought to be pronounced with the i short. 
This is the sound Buchanan has given it; but Sheridan, 
Kenrick, and W. Johnston, make thei long, as in Bible. 

119. The same may be observed of words beginning 
with tri, having the accent on the second syllable. Thus 
tri-bunal, tri-corporal, tri-chotomy, tri-gintals, have tho 
i ending the first syllable long, as in tri-al. To this class 
ought to be added, di-petalous and di-lemma, though the i 
in the first syllable of the last word is pronounced like c, 
and as if written de-lemma, by Mr. Scott and Mr. Perry, 
but long by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, and Buchanan ; and 
both ways by W. Johnston, but placing the short first. 
And hence we may conclude that the verb to bisect, and 
the noun bisection, ought to have the i at the end of the 
first syllable pronounced like buy, as Mr. Scott and Dr. 
Kenrick have marked it, though otherwise marked by 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Perry, and Buchanan. 

120. When the first syllable is chi, with the accent on 
the second, the i is generally long, as chi-ragrical, chi- 
rurgic, chi-rurgcon, chi-rographi.st, chi-rographer, chi- 
rography. Chi-mcra and chi-merical have the i most fre- 
quently short, as pronounced by Buchanan and Perry, 
though otherwise marked by Sheridan, Scott, W. John- 
ston, and Kenrick ; and, indeed, the short sound seems 
now established. Chicane and chicanery, from the 
French, have the i always short ; or more properly 
slender. 

121. Ci before the accent has the i generally short, as 
ci-vilian, ci-vility, and, I think, ci-licious and ci-neru- 
lent, though otherwise marked by Mr. Sheridan. Ci'- 
barious and ci-tation have the i long. 

122. Cli before the accent has the i long, as cli-macter ; 
but when the accent is on the third syllable, as in climac- 
teric, the i is shortened by the secondary accent. See 530. 

123. Cri before the accent has the i generally long, as 
cri-nigerouA, cri-terion ; though we sometimes hear the 
latter as if written cre-terion, but I think improperly. 

124. Di before the accented syllable, beginning with a 
consonant, has the i almost always short ; as digest, di 
gestion, digress, digression, dilute, dilution, diluvian, 
dimension, dimensive, dimidiation, diminish, diminu- 
tive, diploma, direct, direction, diversify, diversification, 
diversion, diversity, divert, divertisement, divertive, di- 
vest, divesture, divide, dividable, dividant, divine, divi- 
nity, divisible, divisibility, divorce, divulge. To these, 
I think, may be added, dicacity, didactic, dilacerate, di- 
laceration, dilaniate, dilapidation, dilate, dilatable, d ; la- 
tability, dilection,dilucid, dilucidate, dilucidation, dincti- 
cal, di numeration, diverge, divergent, divan ; though Mr. 
Sheridan has marked the first i in all these words long; 
some of them may undoubtedly be pronounced either 
way ; but why he should make the i in diploma long, and 
W. Johnston should give it both ways, is unaccountable ; 
as Mr. Scott, Buchanan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and the 
general usage,are against them. Diaresis and dioptricks 
have the i long, according to the general rule, (116,) 
though the last is absurdly made short by Dr. Kenrick, 
and the diphthong is made long in the first by Mr. Sheri- 
dan, contrary to one of the most prevailing idioms in 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER I 



19 



pronunciation ; which is, the shortening power of the 
antepenultimate accent. (503.) Let it not be said that 
the diphthong must be always long, since desarca, and 
Vtcdtdus have the ie always short. 

125. The long i, in words of this form, seems confined 
to the following: Digladiation, dijudication, dinumera- 
tion, divaricate, direption, diruption. Both Johnson 
and Sheridan, in my opinion, place the accent of the 
word didascalick improperly upon the second syllable ; it 
should seem more agreeable to analogy to class it with 
the numerous terminations in tc/:,and place the accent on 
the penultimate syllable (509:) and, in this case, the i in 
the first will be shortened by the secondary accent, and 
the syllable pronounced like did. (527.) The first i in 
dimissory, marked long by Mr. Sheridan, and with the 
accent on the second syllable, contrary to Dr. Johuson, 
is equally erroneous. The accent ought to be on the 
first syllable, and the i short, as on the adjective dim. See 
Possessory. 

126. Fi, before the accent, ought always to be short : 
this is the sound we generally give to the i in the first 
syllable of fi-delity ; and why we should give the long 
sound to the i in fiducial and fiduciary, as marked by 
Mr. Sheridan, I know not : he is certainly erroneous in 
marking the first i in frigidity long, and equally so in 
placing the accent upon the last syllable of finite. Fi- 
nance has the i short universally. 

127. Gigantic has the i in the first syllable always 

lon ?- 

128. Li has the i generally long, as li-bation, li-brarian, 
li-bration, li-ccntious, li-pothymy, li-quescent, li-tho gra- 
vity, li-thotomy. Litigious has the i in the first syllable 
always short. The samo may be observed of libidinous, 
though otherwise marked by Mr. Sheridan. 

129. Mi. has the i generally short, as in minority, mi- 
litia, mimographer, minacious, minar.ity, miraculous ; 
though the "four last are marked with the long i by 
Mr. Sheridan ; and what is still more strange, he marks 
the i which has the accent on it long in minatory ; though 
the same word, in the compound comminatory, where 
the i is always short, might have shown him his errour. 
The word mimetic, which, though in very good use, is 
neither in Johnson nor Sheridan, ought to be pronounced 
with the first i short, as if written mim-et-ic. The i is 
generally long in micrometer, micrography, and mi- 
gration. 

130. JYi has the i.long in nigrescent. The first i in 
nigrification, though marked long by Mr. Sheridan, is 
shortened by the secondary accent (527,) and ought to be 
pronounced as if divided into nig-ri-fi-cation. 

131. Phi has the i generally short, as in philanthropy, 
philippic, philosopher, philosophy, philosophize : to which 
we may certainly add, philologer, philologist, philology, 
philological, notwithstanding Mr. Sheridan has marked 
the i in these last words long. 

132. Pi and pli have the i generally short, as pilaster, 

fituitous,pilosity, plication. Piaster, and piazza, being 
talian words, have the i short before the vowel, contrary 
to the analogy of words of this form, (116,) where the i is 
long, as in pi-acvlar, pri-ority, <Scc. Piratical has the i 
marked long by Mr. Sheridan, and short by Dr. Kenrick. 
The former is, in my opinion, more agreeable both to 
custom and analogy, as the sound of the i before the ac- 
cent is often determined by the sound of that letter in the 
primitive word. 

133. Pri has the i generally long, as in primeval, 
primevous, primitial, primero, primordial, priyado, pri- 
vation, privative, but always 3hort in primitive, and 
primer. 

134. Ri has the i short, as in ridiculous. Rigidity is 
marked with the i long by Mr. Sheridan, and short by 
Dr. Kenrick: the latter is undoubtedly right. Rivality 
has the i long in the first syllable, in compliment to rival, 
as piratical has the i long, because derived from pirate. 
Rhinoceros has the i long in Sheridan, Scott, Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, and Buchanan ; and short in Perry. 

135. Si has the i generally short, as similitude, siriasis, 
and ought certainly to be short in silicious, (better writ- 
ten cilicious,) though marked long by Sheridan. Simul- 
taneous having the secondary accent on the first syllable, 
does not come under this head, but retains the i long, 
notwithstanding the shortening power of the accent it is 
under. (527.) 

136. Ti has the i short, as in timidity. 

137. Tri has the i long, for the same reason as bi, 
which see. (118) (119.) 

138. Vi has the i so unsettled as to puzzle the correct- 
est speakers. The i is generally long in vicarious, not- 
withstanding the short i in vicar. It is long in vibration, 
from its relation to vibrate. Vitality has the i long, like 
vital. In vivific, vivificate, and viviparous, the first i is 
long, to avoid too great a sameness with the second. 
Vivacious and vivacity have the i almost as often long 
as short ; Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Dr. Kenrick, make 
the i in vivacious long, and Mr. Perry and Buchanan 
short ; Mr. Sheridan Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston, make 



the i in the first of vivacity long, and Perry and Buchanan 
short : but the short sound seems less formal and most 
agreeable to polite usago. Vicinity, vicinal, vicissitude, 
vituperate, vimincous, and virago, seem to prefer tho 
short i, though Mr. Sheridan has marked the three last 
words with the first vowel long. But the diversity will 
be best seon by giving the authorities for all these words. 
Vicinity. Dr. Kenrick. 

Vicinity. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. 

Johnston, and Perry. 
Vicinal. Mr. Sheridan. 

Vicissitude. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, 

Buchanan, and Perry. 
Vituperate. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston. 
Vituperate. Mr. Perry. 
Vimineous. Mr. Sheridan. 
Virago. Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston. 

Virago. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, and 

Perry. 
I have classed vicinal here as a word with the accent 
on the second syllable, as it stands in Shoridan's Diction- 
ary, but think it ought to have the accent on the first. 
See Medicinal. 

139. The same diversity and uncertainty in the sound 
of this letter seem to reign in those final unaccented syl- 
lables which are terminated with the mute e. Perhaps 
the best way to give some tolerable idea of the analogy 
of the language in this point, will be, to show the general 
rule, and mark the exceptions ; though these are some- 
times so numerous as to make us doubt of the rule itself; 
therefore the best way will be to give a catalogue of 
both. 

140. There is one rule of very great extent, in words 
of this termination, which have the accent on the penul- 
timate syllable, and that is, that the i in the final sylla- 
ble of these words is short: thus servile, hostile, virile, 
respite, deposite, adamantine, amethystine, &c. are pro- 
nounced as if written servil, hostil, viril,respit, deposit, 
&c. The only exceptions in this numerous class of words 
seem to be the following: Exile, senile, edile, empire, 
umpire, rampire, finite, feline, ferine, archives ; and the 
substantives confine and supine .• while the adjectives sa- 
line and contrite have sometimes the accent on the first, 
and sometimes on the last syllable ; but in either case the i 
is long. Q,uagmire and pismire have the i long also ; like- 
wise has the" i long, but otherwise has it more frequently, 
though very improperly, short. Myrrhine, vulpine, and 
gentile, though marked with the i long by Mr. Sheridan, 
ought, in my opinion, to conform to the general rule, and 
1)9 pronounced with the i short. Vulpine, with the i 
long, is adopted by Mr. Scott; and W« Johnston, Mr. 
Scott, and Buchanan, agree with Mr. Sheridan in the last 
syllable of gentile ; and this seems agreeable to general 
usage, though not to analogy. See the word. 

That the reader may have a distinct view of the sub- 
ject, I have been at the pains of collecting all our dissyl- 
lables of this termination, with the Latin words from 
which they are derived, by which we may see the corre- 
spondence' between the English and Latin quantity in 

- reptilis, 
sculptilis, 

- fertilis, 

- fvmis, 
utilis, 

- textilis, 

- gentilis, 
adilis, 

- senilis, 

- febrilis, 

- virilis, 

- subtilis, 

- coctilis, 

- quintilis, 

- hostilis, 

- servilis, 

- sezfilis 
In this list of Latin adjectives, we find only five of thenv 

with the penultimate i long ; and four of them with the 
i in the last syllable long, in the English words gentile, 
adile, senile, and virile. It is highly probable that this 
short i, in the Latin adjectives, was the cause of adopt- 
ing this i in the English words derived from them ; and 
this tendency is a sufficient reason foj pronouncing tho 
words projectile, tractile, and insectile, with the i short, 
though we have no classical Latin words to appeal to, 
from which they are derived. 

141. But when the accent is on the last syllable but 
two in words of this termination, the length of the vowel 
is not so easily ascertained. 

142. Those ending in ice have the i short, except sacri- 
fice and cockatrice. 

143. Those ending in ide have the i long, notwithstand 
rng we sometimes hear suicide absurdly pronounced, as 
if written suic id. 



these words : 






flablle, - 


- flabilis, 


reptile, - 


deblle, - - 


debilis, 


sculptlle, 


mobile, - 


- - mobilis, 


fertile, - 


sorbite, - 


- sorbilis, 


futile, - 


nubile, - - 


nubilis, 


utile, 


facile, - - 


- facilis, 


textile, - 


gracile, - - 


- gracilis, 


gentile, - 


docile, - - 


docilis, 


ffidlle, 


agile, - 


- - agiiis, 


senile, - 


fragile, - 


- fr agiiis, 


febrile, - 


pensile, - 


■ - pensilis, 


virile, 


tortile. - - 


- torfflis, 


subtile, - 


scisslle, - - 


- scissilis, 


coctile, - 


missile, - • 


- missilis, 


quintlle, - 


tactile, - - 


- tactilis, 


hostile, - 


fictile, - 


- fictiiis, 


servile, - 


ductile, - - 


- ductilis, 


sextile, - 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER O. 



Columbine. 

Saccharine. 

Saccharine. 

Saturnine. 

Saturnine. 

Metalline. 

Metalline. 



144. Those ending in ife have the i long, except house- 
wife, pronounced huzziff, according to the general rule, 
notwithstanding the i in wife is always long. Midwife 
is sometimes shortened in the same manner by the vul- 
gar; and sennight for sevennight is gone irrevocably 
into the same analogy, though fortnight for fiur l teentV- 
night is more frequently pronounced with the i long. 

145. Tnose ending in tie have the i short, except recon- 
cile, chamomile, eolipile. Juvenile, mercantile, and 
puerile, have the i long in Sheridan's Dictionary, and 
short in Kenrick's. In my opinion the latter is the much 
more prevalent and polite pronunciation ; but infantile, 
though pronounceable botli ways, seems inclinable to 
lengthen the i in the last syllable. See Juiienile. 

146. In the termination 'ime, pantomime has the i long, 
rhyming with time ; and maritime has the i short, as if 
written maritim. 

147. Words in ine, that have the accent higher than 
the penultimate, have the quantity of i so uncertain, that 
the only method to give an idea of it will be to exhibit a 
catalogue of words where it is pronounced differently. 

148. But first it may not be improper to see the differ- 
ent sounds given to this letter in some of the same words 
by different orthoepists : 

Columbine. Sheridan, Nares, W. Johnston. 

Kenrick, Perry. 

Sheridan, Nares. 

Kenrick, Perry. 

Sheridan, Nares, Buchanan. 

Kenrick, Perry. 

Kenrick. 

Sheridan, W. Johnston, Perry. 
Crystalline. Kenrick. 
Crystalline. Sheridan, Perry. 
Uterine. Sheridan, Buchanan, W. Johnston. 
Uterine. Kenrick, Scott, Perry. 

149. In these words I do not hesitate to pronounce, 
that the general rule inclines evidently to the long 7, 
which, in doubtful cases, ought always to be followed ; 
and for which reason I shall enumerate those words first 
where I judge the i ought to be pronounced long : Can- 
nabine, carabine, columbine, bizantine, gelatine, lega- 
tine, ox.yrrhod.ine, concubine, muscadine, incarnadine, 
celandine, almandinc, seeundinc, amygdaline, crystalline, 
vitulinc, calamine, asinine, saturnine, saccharine, adul- 
terine,viperine, uterine, lament.ine, armentine, serpentine, 
turpentine, vespertine, belluine, porcupine, countermine, 
leonine, sapphirine, and metalline. 

150. The words of this termination, where the i is 
short, are the following: Jacobine, medicine, discipline, 
masculine, jessamine, feminine, heroine, nectarine, liber- 
tine, genuine, hyaline" palatine. To these, I think, ought 
to be" added, alkaline, aquiline, coralline, briganttue, 
eglantine .• to this pronunciation of the i, the proper 
names, Valentine and Constantine, seem strongly to in- 
cline ; and on the stage Cymbeline has entirely adopted 
it. Thus we see how little influence the Latin language 
has on the quantity of the i in the final syllable of these 
words. It is a rule in that language, that adjectives 
ending in His or inus, derived from animated beings or 
proper names, to the exception of very few, have this i 
pronounced long. It were to be wished thi3 distinction 
could be adopted in English words from the Latin, as in 
that case we might be able in time to regularize this 
very irregular part of our tongue ; but this alteration 
would be°almost impossible in adjectives ending in ivc, as 
relative, vocative, fugitive, &c. have the i uniformly 
short in English, and long in the Latin, relativus, voca- 
tivus,fugitivus,&cc. 

151. The only word ending in ire, with the accent on 
the antepenultimate syllable, is acrospire, with the i 
Jon*, the last syllable sounding like the spire of a church. 

lo2. Words ending in ise have the i short, when the 
accent is on the last syllable but one, as franchise, ex- 
cept tb/i compounds ending in icise, as likewise, length- 
wise, &$>. as marked by Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Bucha- 
nan: bfit even among theso words we sometimes hear 
otherwise pronounced otherwiz, as marked by Mr. Sheri- 
dan and W. Johnston ; but, I think, improperly. 

153. When the accent is on the last syllable but, two in 
these words, they are invariably pronounced with the i 
Ion", as criticise, equalise. 

154. In the termination ite, when the accent is on it, 
the i is always long, as requite. When the accent is on 
the last syllable but one, it is always shrrt, as respite, 
(140,) pronounced as if written respit, except contrite and 
crinite ; but when the accent is on the last syllable but 
two. the i is generally long : the exceptions, however, are 
so many, that a catalogue of both will be the best rule. 

155. The i is long in expedite, recondite, incondite, her- 
maphrodite, Carmelite, theodolite, cosmopolite, chryso- 
lite, eremite, aconite, margarite, marcasite, parasite, ap- 
petite, bipartite, tripartite, quadripartite, convertite, an- 
chorite, pituite, satellite. As the word stands in Ken- 
rick's Dictionary sa-ttll-it, having the i short, and the 
accent on the second syllable, it is doubly wrong. The i 



in the last syllable is shortened also by W. Johnston and 
Perry, but made long, as it ought to he, by Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Scott, and Mr. Nares. See Recondite. 

156. The i is short in cucurbite, ingenite, definite, in- 
definite, infinite, hypocrite, favourite, requisite, pre-requi- 
site, perquisite, exquisite, apposite, and opposite. Hetero- 
clitc has the i long in Sheridan, but short in Kenrick. 
The former is, in my opinion, the best pronunciation, 
(see the word in the Dictionary ;) but ite, in what may be 
called a gentile termination, has the i always long, aa in 
Hivitc, Samnite, cosmopolite, bedlamite, &c. 

157. The termination ive, when the accent is on it, is 
always long, as in hive, except in the two verbs give, live, 
and their compounds, giving, living, &c. ; for the adjec- 
tive live, as a live animal, has the i long, and rhymes 
with strive ; so have the adjective and adverb, lively, 
and livelily .- the noun livelihood follows the same ana- 
logy; but the adjective live-long, as the live-long day, 
has the i short, as in the verb. When the accent is not 
on the i in this termination it, is always short, as Sportive, 
plaintive, &c. rhyming with give (150,) except the word 
be a gentile, as Argive. 

158. All the other adjectives and substantives of this 
termination, when the accent is not on it, have the i ' 
variably short, as offensive, defensive, &c. The i in 
salique is short, as if written sallick, but long in oblique, 
rhyming with pike, strike, &c. ; while antique has the t 
long and slender, and rhymes with speak. Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Barclay, have 
obleek for oblique ; Mr. Scott has it both ways, but gives 
the slender sound first ; and Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares*. and 
W. Johnston, oblike. The latter is, in my opinion, more 
agreeable to polite usage, but the former more analogical ; 
for as it comes from the French oblique, we cannot write 
it oblike, as Mr. Nares wishes, any more than antique, 
antike, for fear of departing too far from the Latin anti- 
quits and obliquus. Opaque, Mr. Nares observes, has be- 
come opakc ; but then it must be remembered, that the 
Latin is opacus and not opaquus. 

159. All the terminations in ize have the i long, except 
to endenize ; which, having the accent on the second 
syllable, follows the general rule, and has the i short, 
pronounced as in the verb is, (140.) To these observa- 
tions wo may add, that though evil and devil suppress 
the i, as if written evH and dcvH, yet that cavil and pencil 
preserve its sound distinctly ; and that Latin ought never 
to be pronounced as it is generally at schools, as if writ- 
ten Latfn. Cousin and cozen both drop the last vowels, 
as if spelled cozn, and are only distinguishable to the eye. 

Thus we see how little regularity there is in the sound 
of this letter when it is not under the accent ; and, when 
custom will permit, how careful we ought to be to pre- 
serve the least trace of analogy, that "confusion may not 
be worse confounded." The sketch that has been just 
given may, perhaps, afford something like a cleAV to direct 
us in this labyrinth, and it is hoped it will enable the ju- 
dicious speaker to pronounce with more certainty and 
decision. 

1G0. It was remarked under the vowel A, that when a 
hard g or c preceded that vowel, a sound like e interposed, 
the better to unite the letters, and soften the sound ofthe 
consonant. The same may he observed of the letter /. 
When this vowel is preceded by hard g or k, which is but 
another form for hard c, it is pronounced as if an e were 
inserted between the consonant and the vowel : thus, sky, 
kind, guide, guise, disguise, catechise, guile, beguile, man- 
kind, are pronounced as if written ske-y, ke-ind, guc-ise, 
disgue-ise, cate-che-ise, gue-ile, be-gue-ile, manke-ind. At 
first we are surprised that two such different letters as 
a and i should be affected in the same manner by the 
hard gutturals g, e, and k ; but when we reflect that i is 
really composed of a and e, (37,) our surprise ceases ; and 
we are pleased to find the ear perfectly uniform in its 
procedure, and entirely unbiassed by the eye. From this 
view ofthe analogy we may see how greatly mistaken is 
a very solid and ingenious writer on this subject, who 
says, that " ky-ind for kind is a monster of pronunciation, 
heard only on our stage." Nares 1 English Orthoepy, page 
28. Dr. Beattie, in his Theory of Language, takes notice 
of this union of vowel sounds, page 266. See No. 92. 

It may not, perhaps, seem unworthy of notice, that 
when this letter is unaccented in the numerous termina- 
tions ity, ible, <fcc. it is frequently pronounced like short 
u, as if the words sensible, visible. &c. were written sen- 
subble, visubble, &c. ; and charity, chastity, &c. like 
charutty, chastutty, &c. : but it may be observed, that 
the pure sound of i like e in these words is as much the 
mark of an elegant speaker as that of the u in singular^ 
educate, &c. See No. 179. 



161. Grammarians have generally allowed this letter 
but three sounds. Mr. Sheridan instances them in not, 
note, prove. For a fourth, I have added the o in love, 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE VOWEL U. 



1i 



novc, Sec. : for the fifth, that in or, nor, for .- and a sixth 
hat in woman, wolf, Sec. 

L&2. The lirst and only peculiar sound of this letter is 
that hy which it is named in the alphabet : it requires 
tho mouth to bo formed, in some degree, like the letter, 
in order to pronounce it. This may bo called its long 
open sound, as the o in prove may be called its long slon- 
der sound, (u'5.) This sound wo find in words ending 
with silent e, as tone, bone, alone j or when ending a 
syllable with the accent upon it, as mo-tion, po-tent, Sec 
likewise in the monosyllables, got, so, mo. This sound is 
found under several combinations of other vowels with 
(bis letter, as in moan, groan, bow, (to shoot with,) low 
(not high,) and before st in the words host, ghost, post, 
most, and before .•.■*• in gross. 

103. Tho second sound of this letter is called its short 
tonnd, and is found in not, got, lot, Sec. ; though this, as 
in the other short vowels, is by no means the short sound 
of the former long one, but corresponds exactly to that 
of a in what, with which the words not, got, lot, are per- 
fect rhymes. The long sound, to which the o in not and 
sot are short ones, is iound under the diphthong au in 
naught, and the on in sought ; corresponding exactly to 
the a in hall, ball, Sec. The short sound of this letter, 
like the short sound of a in father, (78) (79) is frequently, 
by inaccurate speakers, and chiefly those among the vul- 
gar, lengthened to a middle sound approaching to its long 
sound, the o in or. This sound is generally heard, as in 
the case of a, when it is succeeded by two consonants : 
thus Mr. Smith pronounces broth, froth, and moth) as 
if written brawth,frawih, and maicth. Of the propriety 
or impropriety of this, a well-educated ear is the best 
judge ; but, as was observed under the article A, (79,) if 
this be not the sound heard among the best speakers, no 
middle sound ought to be admitted, as good orators will 
sver incline to definite and absolute sounds, rather than 
such as may be called non-descripts in language. 

164. The third sound of this letter, as was marked in 
the first observation, may be called its long slender sound, 
corresponding to the double o. The words where this sound 
of o occurs are so few, that it will be easy to give a cata- 
logue of them : Prove, move, behove, and their compounds 
lose, do, ado, Rome, poltron, ponton, sponton, who, whom, 
womb, tomb. Sponton is not in Johnson : and this and the 
two preceding words ought rather to be written with oo 
in the last syllable. Gold is pronounced like goold in 
familiar conversation ; but in verse and solemn language, 
especially that of the Scripture, ought always to rhyme 
with old, fold, Sec. See Encore, Gold, and Wind. 

165. The fourth sound of this vowel is that which is 
found in love, dove, Sec. ; and the long sound, which seems 
the nearest relation to it, is the first sound of o in note, 
tone, rove, Sec. This sound of o is generally heard when 
it is shortened by the succeeding liquids n, m, r, and the 
semi-vowels v, z, ~th .• and as Mr. Nares has given a cata- 
logue of those words, I shall avail myself of his labour. 
Above, affront, allonge, among, amongst, attorney, bomb, 
bombard, borage, borough, brother, cochineal, colour, 
come, comely, comfit, comfort, company, compass, com- 
rade, combat, conduit, cony, conjure, constable, covenant, 
cover, covert, covet, covey, cozen, discomfit, done, doth, 
dost, dove, dozen, dromedary, front, glove, govern, honey, 
hover, love, Monday, money, mongrel, monk, monkey, 
month, mother, none, nothing, one, onion, other, oven, 
plover, pomegranate, pommel, pother, romagc, shove, sho- 
vel, sloven, smother, some, Somerset, son, sovereign, sponge, 
stomach, thorough, ton, tongue, word, work, wonder, 
world, worry, icorse, worship, wort, worth : to which we 
may add, rhomb, once, c'omfrey, and colander. 

106. In these words the accent is on the o in every 
word, except pomegranate .- but with very few exceptions, 
this letter has the same sound in the unaccented termi- 
nations, oc, ock, od, ol, om, on, op, or, ot, and some, as 
mammock, cassock, method, carol, kingdom, union, ama- 
lon, gallop, tutor, turboi, troublesome, Sec. ; all which are 
pronounced as if written mammuck. oassuck, mcthud, Sec. 
The o in the adjunct monger, as cheesemonger, Sec. has 
always this sound. Tho exceptions to this rule are tech- 
nical terms from the Greek, or Latin, as Achor, a species 
of the herpes; and proper names, as Calor,& river in Italy. 

167. The fifth sound of o is the long sound produced 
by r final, or followed by another consonant, as for, for- 
mer. This sound is perfectly equivalent to the diphthong 
au; and for and former might, on account of sound 
only, be written faur and faurmer. There are many ex- 
ceptions to this rule, as borne, corps, corse, force, forge, 
form (a seat,) forte, horde, porch, port, sport, Sec. which 
have the first sound of this letter. 

168. 0, like A, is lengthened before r, when terminating 
a monosyllable, or followed by tnother consonant ; and, 
like v *.oo, is shortened by a duplication of the liquid, as 
we may hear by comparing the conjunction or with the 
earn? letters in torrid, florid, Sec; for though the r is not 
doubled to the eye in florid, yet, as the accent is on it, it 
is as effectually doubled to the ear, as if written florrid ; 

if a consonant of another kind succeed the r in this 



situation, we find tho o as long as in a monosyllable: 
thus the o in orchard is as long as in the conjunction or, 
and that informal, as in tho word for .- but in orifice and 
forage, where tho r is followed by a vowel, tho o is as 
short as if the r were double, and the words written orri- 
Jice and forrage. See No 81. 

169. There is a sixth sound of o exactly corresponding 
to the it in bull, full, pull, See. which, from its existing 
only in the following words, may be called its irregular 
sound. These words are woman, bosom, worsted, wolf, 
and the proper names, fVolsey, Worcester, and Wolver- 
hampton. 

Irregular and Unaccented Sounds. 

170. What was observed of the a, when followed by a 
liquid and a mute, may be observed of the o with equal 
justness. This letter, like a, has a tendency to lengt'.en, 
when followed by a liquid and another consonant, or by 
s, ss, or s and a mute. But this length of o, in this situa- 
tion, seems every day growing more and more vulgar : 
and, as it would be gross to a degree to sound the a in 
castle, mask, and plant, like the a in palm, psalm, Sec. so 
it would be equally exceptionable to pronounce the o in 
moss, dross, and frost, as if written mawse, drawse, and 
frawst. (78) (79.) The o in the compounds of solve as 
dissolve, absolve, resolve, seem the only words where a 
somewhat longer sound of the o is agreeable to polite 
pronunciation: on the contrary, when the o ends a sylla- 
ble, immediately before or after the accent, as in po-lite 
im-po-tent, See. there is an elegance in giving it the open 
sound nearly as long as in po-lar and po-tent, Sec. See 
Domestick, Collect, and Command. It may likewise be 
observed, that the o, like the e, (102) is suppressed in a 
final unaccented syllable when preceded by c or k, and 
followed by n, as bacon, beacon, deacon, beckon, reckon, 
pronounced bak'n, beakm, deak r n, becWn, reckon ; and 
when c is preceded by another consonant, as falcon, pro- 
nounced faioK'n. The o is likewise mute in the same 
situation, when preceded by d in pardon, pronounced par- 
don, but not in guerdon .• it is mute when preceded by p 
in weapon, capon, Sic. pronounced weapon, caphi, Sec. ; and 
when preceded by s in reason, season, treason, oraison, 
benison, denison, unison, foison, poison, prison, damson, 
crimson, advowson, pronounced reaz'n, treaz'n, Sec. ; and 
mason, bason, garrison, lesson, caparison, comparison, 
disinherison, parson, and person, pronounced mas'n, la- 

n, Sec. Unison, diapason, and cargason, seem, particu- 
irly in solemn speaking, to preserve the sound of o like 
u, as if written unisun, diapazun, Sec. The same letter is 
suppressed in a final unaccented syllable beginning with 
t, as seton, cotton, button, mutton, glutton, pronounced as 
if written sefn, cofn, Sec. When x precedes the t, the o is 
pronounced distinctly, as in sexton. When I is the pre- 
ceding letter, the o is generally suppressed, as in the pro- 
per names Stilton cheese, Wilton carpets, and Melton 
Mowbray, Sec. Accurate speakers sometimes struggle to 
preserve it in the name of our great epick poet Milton ; 
but the former examples sufficiently show the tendency 
of the language ; and this tendency cannot be easily coun- 
teracted. This letter is likewise suppressed in the last 
syllable of blazon, pronounced blazon; but is always to 
be preserved in the same syllable of horizon. This sup- 
pression of the o must not be ranked among those careless 
abbreviations found only among the vulgar, but must be 
considered as one of those devious tendencies to brevity, 
which has worn itself a currency in the language, and 
has at last become a part of it. To pronounce the o in 
those cases where it is suppressed, would give a singu- 
larity to the speaker bordering nearly on thepedantick; 
and the attention given to this singularity by the hearev 
would necessarily diminish his attention to tho subject, 
and consequently deprive the speaker of something much 
more desirable. 



u. 



171. The first sound of u, heard in tube, or ending an 
accented syllable, as in cu-bick is a diphthongal sound 
as if e were prefixed, and these words were spelt teiobe 
and kewbick. The letter u is exactly the pronoun you. 

172. The second sound of u is the short sound, which 
tallies exactly with the o in done, son, Sec', which every 
ear perceives might as well, for the sound's sake, be apeft 
dun, sun, Sec. See all the words where the o has this sound 
No. 165. ' 

173. The third sound of this letter, and that in which 
the English more particularly depart from analogy, is 
the u in bull, full, pull, Sec. The first, or diphthongal u 
in tube, seems almost as peculiar to the English as the 
long sound of the i in thine, mine, Sec. but here, as if thev 
chose to imitate the Latin, Italian, and P'rench u, they 
leave out the e before the u, which is heard in tube, mule, 
Sec. and do not pronounce the latter part of u quite so 
long as the oo in pool, nor so short as the u in dull. b«t 



n 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER F. 



With a middle sound between both, which is the true 
short sound of the oo in coo and woo, as may be heard by 
comparing woo and wool ; the latter of which is a perfect 
rhyme to bull. 

174. This middle sound of u, so unlike the general 
sound of that letter, exists only in the following words : 
ball, fall, pall ; words compounded of fall, as wonderful, 
dreadful, &c. bullock, bully, bullet, bulwark, fuller, fall- 
ing-mill, pulley, pullet, push,, bush, bushel, pulpit, puss, 
bullion, butcher, cushion, cuckoo, pudding, sugar, hussar, 
huna, and put when a verb : but few as they are, except 
full, which is a very copious termination, they are suffi- 
cient to puzzle Englishmen who reside at any distance 
from the capital, and to make the inhabitants of Scotland 
and Ireland, (who, it is highly probable, received a much 
more regular pronunciation from our ancestors,) not un- 
frequeatly the jest of fools. 

175. But vague and desultory as this sound of the u 
may at first seem, on a closer view we find it chiefly con- 
fined to words which begin with the mute labials, b, p,f, 
and end with the liquid labial I, or the dentals s, t, and d, 
as in bull, full, pull, bush, push, pudding, puss, put, &c. 
Whatever, therefore, was the cause of this whimsical de- 
viation, we see its primitives are confined to a very nar- 
row compass : put has this sound only when it is a verb ; 
for putty, a paste for glas3, has the common sound of u, 
and rhymes exactly with nutty, (having the qualities of a 
nut ;) so put, the game at cards, and the vulgar appella- 
tion of country put, follow the same analogy. All buWs 
compounds regularly follow their primitive ; as bull- 
baiting, bull-beggar, bull-dog, &c. But though fuller, 
a whitener of cloth, and Fulham, a proper name, are 
not compounded of full, they are sounded as if they 
were; while Putney follows the general rule, and has its 
first syllable pronounced like the noun put. Pulpit and 
pullet comply with the peculiarity on account of their re- 
semblance to pull, though nothing related to it; and 
butcher and puss adopt this sound of u for no reason but 
the nearness of their form to the other words ; and when 
to these we have added cushion, sugar, cuckoo, hus- 
sar, and the interjection huzza, we have every word in 
the whole language where the u is thus pronounced. 

176. Some speakers, indeed, have attempted to give 
bulk and punish, this obtuse sound of u, but luckily have 
not been followed. The words which have already adopt- 
ed it are sufficiently numerous ; and we cannot be too 
careful to check the growth of so unmeaning an irregu- 
larity. When this vowel is preceded by r, in the same 
syllable, it has a sound somewhat longer than this middle 
sound, and exactly as if written oo •• thus rue, true, <fcc. 
are pronounced nearly as if written roc, troo, &c. (339.) 

177. It must be remarked, that this sound of it, except 
in the word fuller, never extends to words from the learn- 
ed languages ; for fulminant, fulminat ion, ebullition, re- 
pulsion, sepulchre, &c. sound the u as in dull, gull, <fcc. 
and the u in pus and pustule, is exactly like the same 
letter in thus. So the pure English words, fulsome, buss, 
bulge, bustle, bustard, buzzard, preserve the u in its se- 
cond sound, as in us, hull, and custard. It may likewise 
not be unworthy of remark, that the letter u is never 
subject to the shortening power of either the primary or 
secondary accent; but when accented, is always long, 
sinless shortened by a double consonant. See the words 
Drama and Muculent, and No. 503, 534. 

Irregular and Unaccented Sounds. 

178. But the strangest deviation of this letter from its 
regular sound is in the words busy, business, and bury. 

We laugh at the Scotch for pronouncing these words, a3 
if written bewsy, bewsiness, and be wry ; but we ought 
rather to blush for ourselves in departing so wantonly 
from the general rule as to pronounce them bizzy,bizness, 
and berry. 

179. There is an incorrect pronunciation of this letter 
when it ends a syllable not under the accent, which pre- 
vails, not only among the vulgar, but is sometimes found 
in better company ; and that is, giving the u an obscure 
sound, which confounds it with vowels of a very different 
kind: thus we not unfrequently hear singular, regular, 
and particular, pronounced as if written sing-e-lar, reg- 
e-lar, and par-tick-e-lar ,■ but nothing tends more to tar- 
nish and vulgarize the pronunciation than this short and 
obsr ire sound of the unaccented u. It may, indeed, be 
observed, that there is scarcely any thing more distin- 
guishes a person of mean and good education than the 
pronunciation of the unaccented vowels, (547) (558.) 
When vowels are under the accent, the prince, :md the 
lowest of the people in the metropolis, with very few ex- 
ceptions, pronounce them in the same manner; but the 
unaccented vowels in the mouth of the former have a 
di&iuct, open, and specifick sound, while the latter often 
totally sink them, or change them into some other sound. 
Those, therefore, who wish to pronounce elegantly, must 
foe particularly attentive to the unaccented vowels ; as a 
neat pronunciation of these forms one of the greatest 
beauties of speaking. 



Y final. 

180. Y final, either in a word or syllable, is a pure vowel, 
and has exactly the same sound as i would have in the 
same situation. For this reason, printers, who have been 
the great correctors of our orthography, have substituted 
the i in its stead, on account of the too great frequency 
of this letter in the English language. That y final is a 
vowel, is universally acknowledged; nor need we any 
other proof of it than its long sound, when followed by e 
mute, as in thyme, rhyme, &c. or ending a syllable with 
the accent upon it, as, buying, cyder, &c. : this may be 
called its first vowel sound. 

181. The second sound of the vowel y is its short sound, 
heard in system, syntax, &c. 

Irregular and Unaccented Sounds. 

182. The unaccented sound of this letter at the end of 
a syllable, like that of i in the same situation, is always 
like the first sound of e: thus vanity, pleurisy, &c. if 
sound alone were consulted, might be written vanitee, 
pleurisee, &c. 

183. The exception to this rule is, when /precedes the 
y in a final syllable, the y 13 then pronounced as long and 
open as if the accent were on it -.thus justify, qualify, &.c. 
have the last syllable sounded like that in defy. This 
long sound continues when the y is changed into i, in 
justifiable, qualifiable, &c. The same may be observed of 
multiply and multipliable, <&c. occupy and occupiable, &cc. 
(512.) 

184. There is an irregular sound of this letter when the 
accent is on it in panegyrick, when it is frequently pro- 
nounced like the second sound of e ; which would be more 
correct if its true sound were preserved, and it were to 
rhyme with Pyrrhick ; or as Swift does with Satirick. 

" On me when dunces are satirick, 
" I take it for a panegyricky 

Thus we see the same irregularity attends this letter be- 
fore double r, or before single r, followed by a vowel, as 
we rind attends the vowel i in the same situation. So the 
word Syrinx ought to preserve the y like i pure, and the 
word syrtis should sound the y like e short, though the 
first is often heard improperly, like the last. 

185. But the most uncertain sound of this letter is, 
when it ends a syllable immediately preceding the ac- 
cent. In this case it is subject to the same variety as the 
letter t in the same situation, and nothing but a catalogue 
will give us any idea of the analogy of the language in 
this point. 

186. The y is long in chylaceous, but shortened by the 
secondary accent in chylifaction and chylifactive, (530 :) 
though, without the least reason from analogy, Mr. She- 
ridan has marked them both long. 

187. Words composed of hydro, from the Greek vSu)p, 
water, have the y before the accent generally long, as hy- 
drography, hydrographer, hydrometry, hydropick ; all 
which have the y long in Mr. Sheridan but hydrography, 
which must be a mistake of the pre3s ; and this long 
sound of y continues in hydrostatick in spite of the short- 
ening power of the secondary accent. (530.) The same 
sound of y prevails in hydranlicks and hydatides. Hy- 
grometer and hygrometry, seem to follow the same ana- 
logy, as well as hyperbola and hyperbole ; which are 
generally heard With the y long; "though Kenrick has 
marked the latter short. Hypostasis and hypotenuse 
ought to have the y long likewise. In hypothesis the y 
is more frequently short than long; and in hypothetical 
it is more frequently long than short ; but hypocrisy has 
the first y always short. Myrobalan and myropolist may 
have the'?/ either long or short. Mythology has the first 
y generally short, and mythological, from the shortening 
power of the secondary accent, (530,) almost always. 
Phytivorous, phytography, phytology, have the first y 
always long. In phylactery, the first y is generally short, 
and in physician always. Pylorus has the y long in Mr. 
Sheridan, but, I think, improperly. In pyramidal he marks 
the y long, though, in my opinion, it is generally heard 
short, as in pyramid. In pyrites, with the accent on the 
second syllable, he marks the y short, much more cor- 
rectly than Kenrick, ^"ho places the accent on the first 
syllable, and marks the y long. (See the word.) Synndick, 
synodical, synonima, and synopsis, have the y always 
short: synecdoche ought likewise to have the same let- 
ter short, as we find it in Perry's and Kenrick's Dictiona- 
ries ; though in Sheridan's we find it long. Typography 
and typographer ought to have the first y long, as we find 
it in Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, K'nrick, 
and Perry, though frequently heard short ; and though 
tyrannical has the y marked short by Mr. Perry, it ought 
rather to have the long sound, a3 we see it marked by 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, and 
Kenrick. 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS AE, AI. 



2.1 



188. From the view that has been taken of the sound 
of tho i and 1/ immediately before the accent, it may 
justly be called the most uncertain part of pronunciation. 
Scarcely any reason can be given why custom prefers one 
sound to the other in some words ; and why, in others, 
we may use either one or the other indiscriminately- It 
is strongly to be presumed that the i and y, in this situa- 
tion, particularly the last, was generally pronounced long 
by our ancestors, but that custom has gradually inclined 
to the shorter sound as more readily pronounced, and as 
more like the sound of these letters when they end a syl- 
lable after the accent; and, perhaps, we should contribute 
to the regularity of the language, if, when we are in 
doubt, we should rather incline to the short than the long 
sound of these letters. 

W final. 

189. That w final is a vowel, is not disputed (9;) when 
it is in this situation, it is equivalent to 00, as may be per- 
ceived in the sound of vow, tow-el, &c. where it forms a 
real diphthong, composed of the a in wa-ter, and the 00 in 
tcoo and coo. It is often joined to o at the end of a sylla- 
ble, without affecting the sound of that vowel ; and in 
this situation it may be called servile, as in bow to shoot 
with ; crow, low, (not high,) &.c. 

DIPHTHONGS. 

19D. A diphthong is a double vowel, or the union or 
mixture of two vowels pronounced together, so as only to 
make one syllable : as the Latin a e or a, e or 02, the 
Greek St, the English ai, au, Sac. 

191. This is the general definition of a diphthong: but 
if we examine it closely, we shall find in it a want of pre- 
cision and accuracy.* If a diphthong be two vowel 
sounds in succession, they must necessarily form two syl- 
lables, and therefore, by its very definition, cannot be a 
diphthong : if it be such a mixture of two vowels as to 
form but one simple sound, it is very improperly called a 
diphthong ; nor can any such simple mixture exist. 

192. The only way to reconcile this seeming contradic- 
tion, is to suppose that two vocal sounds in succession 
were sometimes pronounced so closely together as to form 
only the time of one syllable in Greek and Latin verse. 
Some of these diphthongal syllables we have in our own 
language, which only pass for monosyllables in poetry : thus 
hire (wages) is no more than one syllable in verse, though 
perfectly equivalent to higher (more high,) which gene- 
rally passes for a dissyllable : the same may be observed 
of dire and dyer, hour and power, &.c. This is not uniting 
two vocal sounds into one simple sound, which is impos- 
sible; but pronouncing two vocal sounds in succession so 
rapidly and so closely as to go for only one syllable in 
poetry. 

193. Thus the best definition I have found of a diph- 
thong is that given us by Mr. Smith, in his Scheme for a 
French and English Dictionary. " A diphthong (say 
this gentleman) I would define to be two simple vocal 
sounds uttered by one and the same emission of breatl: 
and joined in such a manner that each loses a portion of 
its natural length; but from the junction produceth a 
compound sound, equal in the time of pronouncing to 
either of them taken separately, and so making still but 
one syllable." 

194. " Now if we apply this definition (says Mr. Smith) 
to the several combinations that may have been laid 
down and denominated diphthongs by former orthoepists, 
I believe we shall find only a small number of them merit- 
ing this name." As a proof of the truth of this observa- 
tion, we find, that most of those vocal assemblages that 
go under the name of diphthongs emit but a simple* sound, 
and that not compounded of the two vowels, but one of 
them only, sounded long: thus pain and pane, pail and 
pale, hear and here, are perfectly the same sounds. 

195. These observations naturally lead us to a distinc- 
tion of diphthongs into proper and improper; the proper 
are such as have two distinct vocal sounds, and the im- 
proper such as have but one. 

196. The proper diphthongs are, 

ea ocean io question oy boy 

ew feud oi voice ua assuage 

ew jewel o« pound ue mansuetude 

ta poniard ow now ui languid 

ie spaniel 
In this assemblage it is impossible not to see a manifest 
distinction between those which begin with c or i, and 



* We see how many disputes the simple and ambiguous 
nature of vowels created among grammarians, and how it 
has begot the mistake concerning diphthongs: all that 
are properly so are syllables, and not diphthongs, as in- 
tended to be signified by that word. Holder. 



the rest. In those beginning with either of these vowelf 
we find a squeezed sound like the commencing or conso- 
nant y interpose, as it were, to articulate the latter vowel, 
and that the words where these diphthongs are found, 
might, agreeably to the sound, be spelt oshe-yan, f-yude, 
j-yewe.l,pon-yard, span-yel,pash-yon, &.c. ; and as these 
diphthongs (which, from their commencing with the 
sound of y consonant, may not improperly be called semi- 
consonant diphthongs,) begin in that part of the mouth 
where s. c soft, andt are formed, we find that coalescence 
ensue which forms the aspirated hiss in the numerous 
termination sion, tion, tial, &c. and by direct conse- 
quence in those ending in ure, une, as future, fortune, 
&c. for the letter u, when long, is exactly one of these 
semi-consonant diphthongs (8 ;) and coming immediately 
after the accent it coalesces with the preceding s, c, or t, 
and draws it into the aspirated hiss of sh or tsh. (459.) 
Those found in the termination ious may be called semi- 
consonant diphthongs also, as the and u have but the 
sound of one vowel. It may be observed too, in passing, 
that the reason why in mansuetude the s does not go into 
sh, is, because when u is followed by another vowel in 
the same syllable, it drops its consonant sound at the be- 
ginning, and becomes merely double 0. 

197. The improper diphthongs are, 

ae Caesar ea clean ie friend 

ai aim ee reed 'oa coat 

ao gaol ei ceiling oe economy 

au taught eo people 00 moon 

aw law ey they ow crow 

198. The triphthongs having but two sounds are merely 
ocular, and must therefore be classed with the proper 
diphthongs : 

aye (for ever) eou plenteous iew view 
eau beauty ieu adieu oeu manoeuvre 

Of all these combinations of vowels we shall treat in thei? 

alphabetical order. 

AE. 

199. Ae or oe is a diphthong, says Dr. Johnson, of very 
frequent use in the Latin language, which seems not pro- 
perly to have any place in the English ; since the ce of the 
Saxons has been long out of use, being changed to e sim- 
ple ; to which, in words frequently occurring, the a of the 
Romans is, in the same manner, altered, as in equator, 
equinoctial, and even in Eneas. 

200. But though the diphthong ce is perfectly useless in 
our language, and the substitution of e in its stead, in 
Cesar and Eneas, is recommended by Dr. Johnson, we do 
not find his authority has totally annihilated it, especi- 
ally in proper names and technical terms derived from 
the learned languages. Casar, JEneas, JEsop, peean, 
other, mthiops mineral, amphisbcena, anacephalaosis 
aphceresis, agilops, ozeena, &c. seem to preserve the diph- 
thong, as well as certain words, which are either plurals 
or genitives in Latin words not naturalized, as cornuco- 
pia, exuvice, aquavitce, minutw, striee, &c. 

201. This diphthong, when not under the accent, in 
Michaelmas, and when accented in Dcedalus, is pro- 
nounced like short e ; it is, like e, subject to the short 
sound when under the secondary accent, as in JEnobar- 
bus, where cen, in the first syllable, is pronounced exact Iv 
like the letter n. (530.) 



AI. 



202. The sound of this diphthong is exactly like the 
long slender sound of a ; thus pail, a vessel, and pale, a 
colour, are perfectly the same sound. The exceptions are 
but few. 

203. When said is the third person preterimperfect tense 
of the verb to say, ai has the sound of short e, and said 
rhymes with bed ; the same sound of ai may be observed 
in the third person of the present tense saith and the par- 
ticiple said ; but when this word is an adjective, as the 
said man, it is regular, and rhymes with trade. 

204. Plaid, a striped garment, rhymes with mad. 

205. Raillery is a perfect rhyme to salary ; and raisin, 
a fruit, is pronounced exactly like reason, the distinctive 
faculty of man. See both these words in the Dictionary. 

206. Again and Against, sound as if written agen and 
agenst. 

207. The aisle of a church is pronounced exactly like 
isle, an island ; and is sometimes written He. 

208. When this diphthong is in a final unaccented sylla- 
ble, the a is sunk and the i pronounced short : thus moun- 
tain, fountain, captain, curtain, villain, are all pro- 
nounced as if written mountin, fountin, captin, curtin, 
villin .- but when the last word takes an additional syl- 
lable, the i is dropped, and the a has its short sound, as 
villanous, villany. See the words in the Dictionary. 

209. The ai in Britain has the short sound approaching 
to u, so common with all the vowels in final unaccented 
syllables, and is pronounced exactly like Briton* 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS AO, AU,&c. 



24 

210. Plait, a fold of cloth, is regular, and ought to bo 
pronounced like plate, a dish ; pronouncing it so as to 
rhyme with meat is a vulgarism, and ought to be avoided. 

211. Plaister belongs no longer to this class of words, 
being now more properly written plaster, rhyming with 
caster. 

AO. 

212. This combination of vowels in a diphthong is only 
to be met with in the word gaol, now more properly writ- 
ten, as it is pronounced, jail 

AU. 

213. The general sound of this diphthong is that of the 
noun awe, as taught, caught, &c. or of the a in hall, 
ball, Sec. 

214. When these letters are followed by n, and another 
consonant, they change to the second sound of a heard in 
far, farther, Sec. ; thus aunt, askaunce, haunch, launch, 
askauni, flaunt, haunt, gauntlet, jaunt, craunch, jaun- 
dice, laundress, laundry, have the Italian sound of the 
a in the last syllable of papa and mamma. To these I 
think ought to be added, daunt, paunch, gaunt, and saiin- 
ter, as Dr. Kenrick has marked them with the Italian a, 
and not as if written dawnt, pawnch, &.c. as Mr. Sheridan 
sounds them. Maund, a basket, is always pronounced 
with the Italian, a, and nearly as if written marnd ; for 
which reason Maundy Thursday, which is derived from 
it, ought, with Mr. Nares, to be pronounced in the same 
manner, though generally heard with the sound of aw. 
To maunder, to grumble, though generally heard as if 
written ma tender, ought certainly to be pronounced as 
Mr. Nares has classed it, with the Italian a. The same 
may be observed of taunt, which ought to rhyme with 
aunt, though sounded taicnt by Mr. Sheridan ; and being 
left out of the above list, supposed to be so pronounced 
by Mr. Nares. [But Mr. Elphinston has placed the ana- 
logy of these words in so strong and curious a light, that 
I cannot help presenting them to the reader in his own 
words, though a different orthography : " V meritoriously 
distinguishes aunt, the parent's sister, from ant the em- 
met, and gives a slender shut, the servile of a broad open, 
yet without pretence of so dangerous or any coincidence ; 
in defiance of both sisters, his aunt had power to retain 
the company of jaunt, haunt, vaunt, taunt, daunt, gaunt, 
gauntlet ; in all of which the u does precisely the same duty 
at formerly did in chaunt, graunt, maund, and cdmmaund ; 
in saunter and sounder ; as well as in braunch, haunch, 
paunch, launch, staunch ; all now justly as genealogi- 
cally, chant, grant, mand, (the old basket,) command, 
santer, sander ; branch, hanch, panch, lanch, stanch. 
Jaundice alone pleaded u radical ; and yet was found 
rae/e jandice. So with aunt, must return to truth and 
■etymology (who do not always join issue,) jant, hant, 
•vant, tant, dant, gant, gantlet ; and even the venerable 
Mandy Thursday, with her mand or basket in her hand. 
.She had, indeed, almost left the language, though Astrea 
4iad not left the land, when analogy (or harmony ) enacted ; 
a broad (au) shall not in English precede n ; followed 
either by a dry dental, or by a sibilation ; that is, an shall 
siot be followed by nt, nd, nee, nch, or nge. No such 
sounds being sufferable in the English system, as aunt, 
aund, aunch, aunce, or aunge ; there shall be no such 
Bemblances. Alike are therefore indispensable, chant and 
jant ; hand and mand, chance and lance, branch and 
lanch, banter and santer ; Sande and his full self Alex- 
ander. In all such, a far from broad or open, is slender 
and shut ; yet hardly shorter than if the silent aspira- 
tion interposed in ahnt, sahnter, lahnce, lahnch, and the 
rest. Before nge, indeed, a is also slender, but open; not 
ah, but a ; guarded therefore by its own (i) servile (as 
we saw in its place) against every danger of change. 
Faun and fawn remain doubtless in fauns and fawns, 
unaltered by the adscititious depressive sibilant." Pro- 
priety ascertained in her Picture, vol. i. p. 171.] 

215. Laugh and draught, which are very properly 
classed by Mr. Nares among those words which have the 
long Italian a in father, are marked by Mr. Sheridan with 
iiisfirst sound of a in hat, lengthened into the sound of a 
in father, by placing the accent on it. Staunch is spelled 
without the u by Johnson, and therefore improperly 
classed by Mr. Nares in the above list. 

216. Vaunt and avaunt seem to be the only real ex- 
ceptions to this sound of a in the whole list; and as these 
words are chiefly confined to tragedy, they may be al- 
lowed to " fret and strut their hour upon the stage" in 
the old traditionary sound of awe. 

217. This diphthong is pronounced like long o in haut- 
boy, as if written ho-boy ; and like o short in cauliflower, 
laurel, and laudanum ; as if written eolliflowcr, lorrel, 
and loddanum. In gauge, au has the sound of slender a, 
and rhymes with page. 



218. There is a corrupt pronunciation of this diph- 
thong among the vulgar, which is, giving the au in 
daughter, sauce, saucer, and saucy, the sound of the Ita- 
lian a, and nearly as if written darter, sarce, sarcer, and 
sarcy ; but this pronunciation cannot be too carefully 
avoided. Au in sausage, also, is sounded by the vulgar 
with short a, as if written sassage ; but in this, as in 
the other words, au ought to sound awe. See the words 
in the Dictionary. 



AW 



219. Has the long broad sound of a in ball, with which 
the word bawl is perfectly identical. It is always re- 
gular. 

AY. 

220. This diphthong, like its near relation ai, has the 
sound of slender a inpay, day, &c. and is pronounced like 
long e in the word quay, which is now sometimes seen 
written key ; for if we cannot bring the pronunciation to 
the spelling, it is looked upon as some improvement to 
bring the spelling to the pronunciation: a most pernici- 
ous practice in the language. See Bowl. 

221. To flay, to strip off the skin, also, is corruptly pro- 
nounced flea ,• but the diphthong in this word seems to be 
recovering its rights. 

222. There is a wanton departure from analogy in or- 
thography, by changing the y in this diphthong to i in the 
words paid, said, laid, for payed, sayed, and layed. Why 
these words should be written with i, and thus contract- 
ed, and played, prayed, and delayed, remain at large, let 
our wise correctors of orthography determine. Stayed 
also, a participial adjective signifying steady, is almost 
always written staid. 

223. When ay comes immediately after the accent in a 
final syllable, like ai, it drops the former vowel in the 
colloquial pronunciation of the days of the week. Thus, 
as we pronounce captain, curtain, &c. as if written captin, 
curtin, &cc. so we hear Sunday, Monday, &c. as if written 
Sundy, Mundy,&z.c. A more distinct pronunciation of day 
in these words, is a mark of the northern dialect. (208.) 

224. The familiar assent ofay for {kg, is a combination 
of the long Italian a in the last syllable of papa, and the 
first sound of e. If we give the a the sound of that letter 
in ball, the word degenerates into a coarse rustic pronun- 
ciation : though, in the House of Commons, where this 
word is made a noun, we frequently, but not correctly, 
hear it so pronounced, in the phrase the Ayes have it. 

AYE. 

225. This triphthong is a combination of the slender 
sound of a, heard in pa-pcr, and the e in me-tre. The word 
which it composes, signifying ever, is almost obsolete. 

EA. 

226. The regular sound of this diphthong is that of the 
first sound of e in here ; but its irregular sound of short e 
is so frequent, as to make a catalogue of both necessary ; 
especially for those who are unsettled in the pronuncia- 
tion of the capital, and wish to practise in order to form 
a habit. 

227. The first sound of ea is like open c, and is heard in the 
following words : Afcard, affear, anneal, appeal, appear, 
appease, aread, arrear, beacon, beadle, beadroll, beads, 
beadsman, beagle, beak, beaker, beam, bean, beard, bearded, 
beast, beat, beaten, beaver, beleaguer, beneath, bcqueatli, 
bereave,, besmear, bespeak, bleach, bleak, blear, bleat, ho- 
hea, breach, bream, to breathe, cease, cheap, cheat, clean, 
cleanly, (adverb,) clear, clearance, cleave, cochineal, col- 
league, conceal, congeal, cream, creak, crease, creature, 
deacon, deal, dean, deanery, dear, decease, defeasance, 
defeasible, defeat, demean, demeanour, decrease, dream, 
drear, dreary, each, eager, eagle, eagre, car, east, caster, 
easy, to eat, eaten, eaves, entreat, endear, escheat, fear, 
fearful, feasible, feasibility, feast, feat, feature, flea, 
fleam, freak, gear, gleam, glean, to grease, grease, 
greaves, heal, heap, hear, heat, heath, heathen, heave, 
impeach, increase, inseam, interleave, knead, lea, to lead, 
leaf, league, leak, lean, lease, leash, leasing, least, leave, 
leaves, mead,mcagre, meal, mean, meat, measles, mcaUie, 
neat, neap, near, pea, peace, peak, peal, pease, peat, plea, 
plead, please, reach, to read, ream, reap, rear, rearward, 
reason, recheat, redstrcak, release, repeal, repeat, retreat, 
reveal, screak, scream, seal, sea, seam, seamy, sear, scar- 
cloth, season, seat, shear, shears, sheath, sheathe, sheaf, 
slcasy, sneak, sneaker, sneakup, speak, spear, steal, steam, 
streak, stream, streamer, streamy, surcease, tea, teach, 
tead, teague, teal, team, tear, (substantive,) tease, teat, 
treacle, treason, treat, treatise, treatment,, treat]}. 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS EAU, EE, AND El. 



U 



tweag, tweak, tweaguc, veal, underneath, uneasy, unrcavc, 
uprear, weak, weaken, weal, weald, wean, weanling, wea- 
rt /if; IS, wearisome, weary, wrasand, weasel, we are', wheat , 
wheaten, wreak, wreath, wreathe, wrcathy, yea, year, 
yeanling, yearling, yearly, zeal. 

'216. In this catalogue wo find beard and bearded some- 
tiines pronounced us if written herd and berded •■ l>nt this 
corruption of tho diphthong wliicli Mr. Sheridan lias 
adopted, seems confined to tho Stage. See the word. 

2-29. The preterimperfect tense ot eat is sometimes writ- 
ten ate, particularly by Lord Bolingbroke, and frequently, 
and, perhaps, more correctly, pronounced et, especially in 
Ireland: but eaten always preserves the ea long. 

230. Ea in fearful is "long when it signifies timorous, 
and short when it signifies terrible, as il written ferful. 
See the word. 

SCI. To read is long in tho present tense, and short in 
the past and participle, which are sometimes written red. 

232. Teat, a dug, is marked by Dr. Kcnrick, Mr. Elphin- 
Bton, and Mr. Nates, with short c like tit, but more pro- 
perl f by Mr. Sheridan. Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, 
and .Mr. Smith, with the long e, rhyming with meat. 

833. Beat, the preterimperfect tense, and participle of 
to hr if., is frequently pronounced in Ireland like bet (a 
: and if utility were the only object of language, 
this would certainly he the preferable pronunciation, as 
nothing tends more to obscurity than verbs which have 
no diiferent form for their present and past times; but 
fashion in this, as in many other cases, triumphs over use 
and propriety ; and bet, for the past time and participle 
of beat, must be religiously avoided. 

234. Ea is pronounced like the short c in the following 
words: Abreast, ahead, already, bedstead, behead, be- 
spread, bestead, bread, breadth, breakfast, breast, breath, 
cleanse, cleanly, (adjective), cleanlily, dead, deadly, deaf, 
deafen, dearth, death, earl, earldom, early, earn, earnest, 
earth, earthen, earthly, endeavour, feather, head, heady, 
health, heard, hearse, heaven, heavy, jealous, impcarl, 
instead, lead, leaden, leant, (the past time and partici- 
ple of to lean), learn, learning, leather, leaven, mea- 
dow, meant, measure, pearl, peasant, pheasant, pleasant, 
pleasantry, pleasure, read, (past time and participle), 
readily, readiness, ready, realm, rehearsal, rehearse, 
research, seamstress, scarce, search, spread, stead, stead- 
fast, stead;!, stealth, stealthy, sweat, sweaty, thread, 
threaden, threat, threaten, treachery, tread, treadle, trea- 
sure, uncleanly, wealth, toealthy, weapon, weather, yearn, 
zealot, zealous, zealously. 

235. I have given the last three words, compounded of 
zeal, as instances of the short sound of the diphthong, be- 
cause it is certainly the more usual sound; but some at- 
tempts have lately been made in the House of Commons 
to pronounce them long, as in the noun. It is a commend- 
able zeal to endeavour to reform the language as well as 
the constitution ; but whether, if these words were alter- 
ed, it would be a real reformation, may admit of some 
dispute. See Enclitical Termination, No. 515, and the 
word Zealot. 

235. Heard, the past time and participle of hear, is 
sometimes corruptly pronounced with the diphthong long, 
so as to rhyme with reared ; but this is supposing the verb 
to be regular; which, from the spelling, is evidently not 
the case. 

237. It is, perhaps, worth observation, that when this 
diphthong comes before r, it is apt to slide into the short 
u, which is undoubtedly very near the true sound, but not 
exactly : thus pronouncing earl, earth, dearth, as if writ- 
tea url, urth, durth, is a slight deviation from the true 
sound, which is exactly that of i before r, followed by 
another consonant, in virtue, virgin ; and that is the true 
sou 1 1 of short e in vermin, vernal, &.c. (103.) 

2d 3. Leant, the past time and participle of to lean, is 
grown vulgar .- the regular form leaned is preferable. 

239. The past time and participle of the verb to leap, 
seems to prefer the irregular form : therefore, though we 
almost always hoar to leap rhyming with reap, we gene- 

' rally hear leaped, written and pronounced leapt, rhyming 
with wept. 

240. Ea is pronounced like long slender a in bare, in the 
following words : Bear, bearer, break, forbear, forswear , 
great, pear, steak, swear, to tear, wear. 

241. The word great is sometime* pronounced as if 
written greet, generally by people of education, and al- 
most universally in Ireland ; but this is contrary to the 
fixed and settled practice in England. That this is an 
affected pronunciation, will be perceived in a moment by- 
pronouncing this word in the phrase, Alexander the 

Great; for those who pronounce the word greet, in other 
cases, will generally in this rhyme it with /ate. It is true 
the ee is the regular sound of this diphthong; but this 
slender sound of c has, in all probability, given way to 
that of a as deeper and more expressive of the epithet 
great. 

242. The same observations are applicable to the word 
break ; which is much more expressive of the action when 

4 



pronounced brake than breck, as it is sometimes affectedly 
pronounced. 

343. Ea is pronounced like the long Italian a in father, 
in the following words : Heart, hearty, hearten, hearth, 
hearken. 

244. Ea, unaccented, has an obscure sound, approach- 
ing to short w, in vengeance, serjeant, pageant, and 'pa- 
geantry. 

EAU. 

245. This is a French rather than an English triph- 
thong, being found only in words derived from that lan- 
guage. Its sound is that of long open o, as beau, bureau, 
Jtambcau, portmanteau. In beauty and its compounds, it 
has the first sound of u, as if written bewty. 

EE. 

246. This diphthong, in all words except those that end 
in r, has a squeezed sound of long open c, formed by a clo- 
ser application of the tongue to the roof of the "mouth, 
than iii that vowel singly, which is distinguishable to a 
nice ear, in the difFcrent sounds of the verbs iofiec and to 
jnect, and the nouns. flea and meat. This has always been 
my opinion; but, upon consulting some good speakers on 
the occasion, and in particular, Mr. Gar rick, who could 
find no difference in the sound of these words, I am less 
confident in giving it to the publick. At any rate the dif- 
ference is but very trifling, and I shall therefore consider 
ce as equivalent to the long open c. 

247. This diphthong is irregular only in the word 
breeches, pronounced as if written britches. Cheesecake, 
sometimes pronounced chiicake, and breech, britch,! look 
upon as vulgarisms. Beelzebub, indeed, in prose, has ge- 
nerally the short sound of e, as in bell : and when these 
two letters form but one syllable, in the poetical contrac- 
tion of e'er and ne'er, for ever and never, they are pro- 
nounced as if written air and nair. 

EI. 

248. The general sound of this diphthong seems to be 
| the same as ey, when under the accent, which is like long 

slender a ; but the other sounds are so numerous as to re 
quire a catalogue of them all. 

249. FA has the sound of long slender a in deign, vein 
rein, reign, feign, feint, veil, heinous, heir, heiress, in- 
veigh, loeigh, neigh, skein, reins, their, theirs, eio-Jit, 
freight, weight, neighbour, and their compounds. Wlier. 
gh comes after this diphthong, though there is not th«' 
least remnant of the Saxon guttural sound, yet it has not 
exactly the same simple vowel sound as when followed by 

I other consonants ; et, followed by gh, sounds both vowel's 
like ac ; or if we could interpose the y consonant between 
the a and t in eight, weight, &c. it might, perhaps, con- 
vey the sound better. The difference, however, is so deli- 
cate as to render this distinction of no great importance. 
The same observations are applicable to the words 
straight, straighten, &c. See the word Eight. 

250. Ei has the sound of long open c in here, in the fol- 
lowing words and their compounds : To ceil, ceiling, 
conceit, deceit, receipt, conceive, perceive, deceive, receive, 
inveigle, seize, seisin, seignior, seigniory, seine, plebeian. 
Obeisance ought to be in the preceding class. See the 
word. 

251 Leisure is sometimes pronounced as rhyming with 
pleasure ; but, in my opinion, very improperly: for if it 
be allowed that custom is equally divided, we ought, in 
this case, to pronounce the diphthong long, as more ex- 
pressive of the idea annexed to it. (241.) 

252. Either and neither are so often pronounced eye- 
ther and nigh-thcr, that it is hard to say to which class 
they belong. Analogy, however, without hesitation, gives 
the diphthong the sound of long open e, rather than that 
of i, and rhymes them with breather, one who breathes. 
This is the pronunciation Mr. Garrick always gave 1o 
these words ; but the true analogical sound of the diph- 
thong in these words is that of the slender a, as if written 
ay-ther and nay-ther This pronunciation is adopted in 
Ireland, but is not favoured by one of our orthoepists ; for 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Perry, Mr. 
Smith, Steel's Grammar, and Dr. Jones, all pronounce 
these words with the diphthong like long e. W. Johnston 
alone adopts the sound of long i exclusively; Dr. Kcn- 
rick gives both ether and ither, but prefers the first, but 
gives neither the sound of long e exclusively : Mr. Coote 
says these words are generally pronounced with the ft 
like the i in mine. Mr. Barclay gives no description of 
the sound of ei in either, but says neither is sometimes 
prouounced nithcr and by others nether ; and Mr. Nares 
says, " either and neither are spoken by some with the 
sound of long i. ; I have heard even that of long a given to 
them: but as the regular way is also in use, I think it is 
preferable. These differences seem to have arisen from 



26 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS EO, EOU, &c. 



ignorance of the regular sound of ci." If by the regular 
way and the regular sound of this diphthong Mr. Nares 
means the long sound of e, we need only inspect No. 249, 
and 250, to see that the sound of a is the more general 
sound, and therefore ought to be called the regular ; but 
where there are so many instances of words where this 
diphthong has the long sound of e, and custom is so uni- 
form in these words, there can be no doubt which is the 
true sound. 

253. Ei has the sound of long open i, in height and 
sleight, rhyming with white and right. Height is, indeed, 
often heard rhyming with eight and weight, and that 
among very respectable speakers ; but custom seems to 
decide in favour of the other pronunciation, that it may 
better tally with the adjective high, of which it is the ab- 
stract. 

254. Ei has the sound of short e, in the two words hei- 
fer and nonpareil, pronounced heffer and nonpareil. 

255. This diphthong, when unaccented, like ai, (208,) 
drops the former vowel, and is pronounced like short i, in 
foreign, foreigner, forfeit, forfeiture, sovereign, sove- 
reignty, surfeit, counterfeit. 



EO. 

256. This diphthong is pronounced like e long in people, 
as if written peeple ; and like e short in leopard, and jeo- 
pardy, as if written leppard and jeppardy ; and in the law 
terms feoffee, feoffer, and feoff ment, as if written feffee, 
fr'ffer, a.ni feffment. 

257. We frequently hear these vowels contracted into 
short o in geography and geometry, as if written joggra- 
phy, and jommetry ; but this gross pronunciation seems 
daily wearing away, and giving place to that which sepa- 
rates the vowels into two distinct syllables, as it is al- 
ways heard in geographical, geometer, geometrical, and 
geometrician. Oeorgick is always heard as if written 
jorgick, and must be given up as incorrigible. (116.) 

258. Eo is heard like long w in feod,fcodal, feodatory, 
which are sometimes written as they are pronounced, 
feud, feudal, feudatory. 

259. Eo, when unaccented, has the sound of « short in 
surgeon, sturgeon, dudgeon, gudgeon, bludgeon, curmud- 
geon, dungeon, luncheon, puncheon, truncheon, burgeon, 
habergeon, but in scutcheon, escutcheon, pigeon, and wid- 
geon, the eo sounds like short i. 

260. Eo sounds like long o in yeoman and yeomanry ; 
the first syllables of which words rhyme with go, no, ?<>. 
See the words. 

261. Eo in galleon, a Spanish ship, sounds as if written 
galloon, rhyming with moon. 

EOU. 

262. This assemblage of vowels, for they cannot he pro- 
perly called a triphthong, is often contracted into one 
syllable in prose, and poets never make it go for two. In 
cutaneous and vitreous, two syllables are palpable ; but ,in 
gorgeous and outrageous the soft g coalescing with e 
seems to drop a syllable, though polite pronunciation will 
always preserve it. 

263. This assemblage is never found but in an unac- 
cented syllable, and generally a final one ; and when it is 
immediately preceded by the dentals d or t, it melts them 
into the sounds of j and tch .• thus hideous and piteous are 
pronounced as if written hijeous and pltcheous. The same 
may be observed of righteous, plenteous, bounteous, cour- 
teous, beauteous, and duteous. (293,) (294.) 

EU. 

264. This diphthong is always sounded like long u or 
e?o, and is scarcely ever irregular : thus feud, deuce, &c. 
are pronounced as if written fewd, dewce,&,c. 

EW. 

265. This diphthong is pronounced like long u, and is 
almost always regular. There is a corrupt pronunciation 
of it like oo chiefly in London, where we sometimes hear 
dew and new, pronounced ao if written doo and noo ; but 
when r precedes this diphthong, as in brew, crew, drew, 
&c. pronouncing it like oo, is scarcely improper. See 
(176,) (339.) 

. 266. Shew and strew have almost left this class, and by 
Johnson's recommendation are become shore and strow, 
as they are pronounced. The proper name Shrewsbury, 
however, still retains the e, though always pronounced 
Shrowsbury. Sew, with a needle, always rhymes with no ; 
and sewer, signifying a drain, is generally pronounced 
shore: but sewer an officer, rhymes with fewer. See 
Sewer. 
267. Eio is sometimes pronounced like aw in the verb 



to chew ; but this is gross and vulgar. To chew ought al- 
ways to rhyme with new, view, &c. 

EWE. 

268. This triphthong exists only in the word ewe, a fe- 
male sheep; which is pronounced exactly like yew a tree, 
or the plural personal pronoun you. There is a vulgar 
pronunciation of this word as if written yoe, rhyming 
with doe, which must be carefully avoided. See the word. 

EY. 

269. When tne accent is on this diphthong, it is always 
pronounced like ay, or like its kindred diphthong ei in 
vein, reign, &c. ; thus bey, dey, grey, prey, they, trey, 
whey, obey, convey, purvey, survey, hey, eyre, and eyry, 
are always heard as if written bay, day, &c. Key and ley 
are the only exceptions, which always rhyme with sea. 
(220.) 

270. Ey, when unaccented, is pronounced like ee .• thus 
galley, valley, alley, barley, &c. are pronounced as if 
written gallee, vallee, &c. The noun survey, therefore, if 
we place the accent on the first syllable, is anomalous. 
See the word. 

EYE. 

271. This triphthong is only found in the word eye, 
which is always pronounced like the letter /. 

IA. 

272. This diphthong, in the terminations ian, ial, iard, 
and iate, forms but one syllable, though the i in this si- 
tuation, having the squeezed sound of ee perfectly similar 
to y, gives the syllable a double sound, very distinguish- 
able in its nature from a syllable formed without the t .• 
thus Christian, filial, poniard, conciliate, sound as if 
written Christ-yan, fil-yal, pon-yard, concil-yate, and 
have in the last syllable an evident mixture of the sound 
of y consonant. (113.) 

273. In diamond, these vowels are properly no diph- 
thong ; and in prose, the word ought to have three distinct 
syllables ; but we frequently hear it so pronounced as to 
drop the a entirely, and as if written dimond. This, how- 
ever, is a corruption that ought to be avoided. 

274. In carriage, marriage, parliament, and miniature, 
the a is dropped, and the ilias its short sound, as if writ 
ten carridgc, marridge, parliment, miniture. (90.) 

IE. 

275. The regular sound of this diphthong is that of ee, 
as in grieve, thieve, fiend, lief, liege, chief kerchief, 
handkerchief, auctionier, grenadier, &c. as if written 
greeve, theeve,feend, &c. 

276. It has the sound of long t in die, hie, lie, pie, tie, 
vie, as if written dy, hy, &c. 

277. The short sound of e is heard in friend, tierce, and 
the lon<r sound of the same letter in tier, frieze. 

278. In variegate the best pronunciation is to sound 
both vowels distinctly like c, as if written va-ry-e-gate. 

279. In the numeral terminations in ielh, as twentieth,- 
thirtieth, &c. the vowels ought also to be kept distinct ; 
the first like open e, as heard in the y in twenty, thirty, 
&c. and the second like short e, heard in breath, death, 
&c. 

280. In fiery too, the vowels are heard distinctly. 

281. In orient and spaniel, where these letters coma 
after a liquid, they are pronounced distinctly : and great 
care should be taken not to let the last word degenerate 
into spannel. (113.) < 

282. When these letters meet, in consequence of form 
ing the plurals of nouns, they retain either the long or 
short sound they had in the singular, without increasing 
thenumberof syllables: thus afly makes flies, & lie makes 
lies, company makes companies, and dignity dignities. 
The same may be observed of the third persons and past 
participles of verbs, as I fly, he flies, I deny, he denies, he 
denied, I sully, he sullietiL'Scc. which may be pronounced 
as if written denize, denide, sullid, &c. (104.) 

283. When ie is a termination without the accent, it is 
pronounced like e only, in the same situation: thus bi-a- 
sier, grazier, and glazier, have the last syllable sounded 
as if^written brazhur, grazhur, and glazhur, or rather at 
braze-yur, graze-yur, &c. (98,) (418.) 

IEU. 

284. These vowels occur in adieu, lieu, purlieu, where 
they have the sound of long u, as if written adeu, leu, pur- 
leu. 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS 1EW, IO, &c. 



!>7 



285. In one word, lieutenant, these letters aro pro- 
nounced like short e, as if written lev-tenant. Seethe 
word. 

TEW. 

286. These letters occur only in the word view where 
they sound like ecu, rhyming with/ew, new. 

IO. 

087. When the accent is upon the first of these vowels 
they form two distinct syllables, as violent, violet ; the 
last of which is sometimes corruptly pronounced vi-let. 

288. In marchioness the i is entirely sunk, and the un- 
aecented o pronounced, as it usually is in this situation, 
like short it, as if written marshuness. (352.) 

289. In cushion the o is sunk, and the word pronounced 
cushm. See the word. 

290. In the very numerous termination ion, these vow- 
els are pronounced in one syllable like short u ; but when 
they are preceded by a liquid, as in million, minion, cla- 
rion,&c. (113,) the two vowels, though they make but one 
syllable, are heard distinctly: the same may be observed 
when they are preceded by any of the other consonants, 
except 5 and t, as champion, scorpion, &c. where the vow- 
els are heard separately : but the terminations tion and 
sion are pronounced iu "one syllable, like the verb shun. 

291. The only exception to this rule is, when the t is 
preceded by a: in this case the t goes into tch, and the t 
is in a small degree audible like short e. This may be 
heard in question, mixtion, digestion, combustion, and 
what is an instance of the same kind in Christian, as if 
written questshun,mix tshun, &.C. quest-yun, mixt-yun. 
(272.; (464.) 

10 u. 

292. This triphthong, when preceded by a liquid, or any 
mute but a dental, is heard distinctly in two syllables, as in 
bilious, various, glorious, abstemious, ingenious, copious ; 
but when preceded by the dentals t, soft c and s, these vow- 
els coalesce into one" syllable, pronounced likes/tus .• thus 
precious, factious, noxious,anxious, are sounded as if writ- 
ten presh-us,fac-shus,nock-shus,ang-shus. (459.) 

293. The same tendency of these vowels to coalesce 
after a dental, and draw it to aspiration, makes us hear 
tedious, odious, and insidious, pronounced as if written 
te-je-us, o-jee-us, and in-sid-je-us ; for as d is but flat t, it 
is no wonder it should be subject to the same aspiration, 
when the same vowels follow : nay, it may be affirmed, 
that so agreeable is this sound of the d to the analogy of 
English pronunciation, that, unless we arc upon our 
guard, the organs naturally slide into it. It is not, how- 
ever, pretended that this is the politest pronunciation ; 
for the sake of analogy it were to be wished it were: but 
an ignorance of the real powers of the letters, joined with 
a laudable desire of keeping as near as possible to the or- 
thography, is apt to prevent the d from going into j, and 
to make us hear o-de-as, te-de-us. &c. On the other hand, 
the vulgar, who in this case are right by instinct, not only 
indulge the aspiration of the d, which the language is so 
prone to, but are apt to unite the succeeding syllables too 
closely, and to say o-jus, and tc-jus, instead of o-je-us, and 
te-je-us, or rather ode-yus, tede-yus. 

294. If the y be distinctly pronounced, it sufficiently 
expresses the aspiration of the d, and is, in my opinion, the 
preferable mode of delineating the sound, as it keeps the 
two last syllables from uniting too closely. Where ana 
logy, therefore, is so clear, and cuMom so dubious, we 
ought not to hesitate a moment at pronouncing odious, 
tedious, perfidious, fastidious, insidious, invidious, cwii 
fendious, melodious, commodious, preludimis, and studi- 
ous, as if written, o-je-ous, te-je-ous, &c. or rather ode 
yus, tede-yus, &c. nor should we forget that Indian comes 
under the same analogy, and ought, though contrary to 
respectable usage, to be pronounced as if written Indyan 
and nearly as Inje-an. (376.) 

OA. 

295. This diphthong is regularly pronounced as the long 
open sound of o, as in boat, coat, oat, coal, loaf, &.c. The 
only exceptions are, broad, abroad, groat, which sound as 
if written brawd, abrawd, grawt. Oatmeal is sometimes 
pronounced ot-meal, but seems to be recovering the long 
•ound of o, as in oat. 

OE. 

296. Whether it be proper to retain the o in this diph- 
thong, or to banish it from our orthography, as Dr. John- 
son advises, certain it is, that in words from the learned 



languages it is always pronounced liko single e, and comes 
entirely under the same laws as that vowel ; thus, when 
it ends a syllable, with the accent upon it, it is long, as in 
Jln-toe-ci, Peri-oe-ci .• when under the secondary accent, 
in oec-umenical, oec-onomicks, it is like e short : it is long 
e in foe-tus, and short e in foe-tid und assa-foetida ; in 
doe, foe, sloe, toe, throe, hoe, (to dig,) and bilboes, it is 
sounded exactly like long open o: in canoe and shoe, like 
oo, as if written canoo and shoo .- and in the verb does, like 
short m, as if written duz. 

OEI. 

297. There is but one word where this triphthong oc- 
curs, and that is in Shakspeare's King Lear, in the word 
ociliads, (glances.) and, in my opinion, it ought to be 
sounded as if written e-il-yads. 

OEU. 

298. This diphthong is from the French, in the word 
manoeuvre; a word, within these few years, of very ge- 
neral use in our language. It is not in Johnson, and the 
oeu is generally pronounced by those who can pronounce 
French in the French manner; but this is such a sound 
of the u as does not exist in English, and therefore it can- 
not be described. The nearest sound is oo : with which, 
if this word is pronounced by an English speaker, as if 
written manoovre, it may, except with very nice French 
ears, escape criticism. 

01. 

299. The general and almost universal sound of this 
diphthong, is that of a in icater, and the first c in me-tre. 
This double sound is very distinguishable in boil, toil, 
spoil, joint, point, anoint, &c. which sound ought to be 
carefully preserved, as there is a very prevalent practice 
among the vulgar of dropping the o, and pronouncing 
these words as if written bile, tile, spile, &e. 

300. The only instance which admits of a doubt in the 
sound of this diphthong, when under the accent, is in the 
word choir : but this word is now so much more fre- 
quently written quire, that uniformity strongly inclines 
us to pronounce the oi in choir like long i, and which, by 
the common orthography, seems fixed beyond recovery. 
But it may be observed, that either the spelling or the 
pronunciation of Chorister, commonly pronounced Q«j- 
rister, ought to be altered. See the words. 

301. When this diphthong is not under the accent, it is 
variously pronounced. Dr. Kenrick places the accent on 
the first syllable of turcois, and, for I know not what rea- 
son, pronounces it as if written turkiz ; and turkois with 
the oi broad, as in boys, Mr. Sheridan places the accent 
on the second syllable", and gives the diphthong the French 
sound, as if the word was written turkazc. In my opinion 
tho best orthography is turquoise, and the best pronunci- 
ation with the accent on the last syllable, and the oi, 
sounded like long e, as if written turkees ; as we pro- 
nounce tortoise, witli tho accent on the first syllabic, and 
the oi like short i. as if written tnrtiz. 

302. In avoirdupois, the first diphthong is pronounced 
like short c, as if "written averdupoise. 

303. In con noisseur the same sound of c is substituted, 
as if written connesseur. 

304. In shamois or chmnois, a species of leather, the oi 
is pronounced like long e, as if written shammee. 

305. jQdroit a.nd devoir, two scarcely naturalized French 
words, have the oi regular, though the latter word, in po- 
lite pronunciation, retains its French sound, os if written 
deviccr. 



OO. 

306. The sound of this diphthong is regular, except in 
a few words : it is pronounced long in moon, soon, fool, 
rood, food, mood, &c. This is its regular sound. 

307. It has a shorter sound corresponding to the u in 
bull, in the words wool, wood, good, hood, foot, stood, un- 
derstood, withstood ; and these are the only words where 
this diphthong has this middle sound. 

308. It has the sound of short u in the two words blood 
and flood, rhyming with mud. 

309. Soot is vulgarly pronounced so as to rhyme with 
but, hut, &.c. but ought to have its long, regular sound, 
rhyming with boot, as we always hear it in the compound 
sooty. See the word. 

310. Door and floor are universally pronounced by the 
English, as if written dore and flore ; but in Ireland they 
preserve the regular sound of oo. See the word Door. 

311. Moor, a black man, is regular in polite pronuncia- 
tion, and like more in vulgar. Moor, a marsh, 13 some- 
times heard rhyming with store ; but more correct speak- 
ers pronounce it regularly, rhyming with poor. 



23 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS OU, OW, AND OY. 



OU. 



312. This is the most irregular assemblage of vowels in 
our language : its most common sound is that heard in 
bound, found, ground-, &c. and this may be called its pro- 
per sound ; but its deviations are so many and so various, 
that the best idea ot' it" will be conveyed by giving the sim- 
ples of all its different sounds. 

313. The first or proper sound of this diphthong is com- 
posed of the a in ball, and the oo in woo, or rather the u 
in bull, and is equivalent to the oio in down, frown, &c. 
this sound is heard in abound, about, account, acousticks, 
aground, aloud, amount, around, arouse, astound, avouch, 
bough, bounce, bound, bounty, bounteous, bout, carouse, 
chouse, cloud, dough, clout, clouterly, compound, couch, 
eouchant, crouch, dejlour, devour, devout, doubt, doubt- 
ful, drought, doughty, douse, encounter, espouse, expound, 
Jlout, foul, flounder, found, foundling, fountain, frousy, 
glout, gout, (a disease.) ground, grouse, grout, hound, 
hour, house, impound, loud, lounge, louse, lout, mound, 
■mountain, mountebank, mouse, mouth, noun, ounce, our, 
oust, out, outer, outermost, paramount, plough, pouch, 
pounce, pound, pout, profound, pronoun, pronounce, pro- 
pound, proud, rebound, recount, redoubt, redoubted, re- 
dound, rencounter, round, roundelay, rouse, rout, scoun- 
drel, scour, scout, shout, shroud, slouch, spouse, spout, 
sprout, stout, surround, south, thou, thousand, tousc, 
trounce, trowsers, trout, wound, (did wind,) slough (a 
miry place,) vouch, vouchsafe, without, scaramouch. 

314. The second sound is that of short u in bud, and is 
heard in the following words and their compounds : Ad- 
journ, journey, journal, bourgeon, country, cousin, couple, 
ac.couple, double, trouble, courteous, courtesy, courage, en- 
courage, joust, gournet, housewife, flourish, mounch, nou- 
rish, enough, chough, rough, tough, slough, (a cast skin.) 
scourge, southerly, southern, southernwood, southward, 
touch, touchy, young, younkcr, and youngster ; but south- 
erly, southern, and southward, are sometimes pronounced 
regularly like south ;this, however, is far from the prevail- 
ing pronunciation. This is the sound this diphthong al- 
ways has, when the accent is not on it, unless in very few 
instances, where the compound retains the sound of the 
simple, as in pronoun ; but in sojourn and sojourner, with 
the accent on the first syllable, and in every unaccented 
termination in our and ous, this diphthong has exactly 
the sound of short u .- thus favour, honour, odour, and fa- 
mous, are pronounced as if written, favur, honur, odur, 
and fa mus. 

315. The third sound given to these vowels is that of 
oo in coo and woo, (39,) and is found in the following 
words: Bouge, croup, group, aggroup, amour, paramour, 
bouse, bousy, boutefeu, capouch, cartuuch, fourbe, gout, 
jtaste,) and ragout (pronounced goo and ragoo,) rendez- 
vous, rouge, soup, sous, (pronounced soo,) surtout, through, 
throughly, toupee or toupet, you, your, youth, tour, contour, 
tourney, tournament, pour, and route (a road,) accoutre, 
billet-doux, agouti, uncouth, wound (a hurt.) and routine 
(a beaten road). See Tourney. 

316. The verb to poiLr is sometimes pronounced to pore, 
and sometimes to poor ; in each case it interferes with a 
word of a different signification, and the best pronuncia- 
tion, which is that similar to power, is as little liable to 
that exception as either of the others. See the word. 

317. To wound is sometimes pronounced so as to rhyme 
with found ; but this is directly contrary to the best 
usage : but route (a road, as to take a different route,) is 
often pronounced so as to rhyme with doubt, by respect- 
able speakers. 

318. The fourth sound of this diphthong is that of long 
open o, and is heard in the following words : Though, al- 
though, coulter, court, accourt, gourd, courtier, course, dis- 
course, source, recourse, resource, bourn, dough, doughy, 
four, 'mould, mouldy, moult, mourn, shoulder, smoulder, 
soul, poultice, poult, poulterer, poultry, troul (to roll 
smoothly, marked by Mr. Sheridan as rhyming with doll, 
but more properly by Dr. Kenrick with roll,) and borough, 
thorough, furlough, fourteen, concourse, and intercourse, 
preserve the diphthong in the sound of long o, though 
not under the accent. 

319. Tho fifth sound of ou is like the noun awe, and is 
heard only in ought, bought, brought, sought, besought, 
fought, nought, thought, methought, wrought. 

320. The sixth sound is that of short oo, or the win bull, 
and is heard only in the auxiliary verbs would, could, 
should, rhyming with good, hood, stood, &c. 

321. The seventh sound is that of short o, and heard 
only in cough and trough, rhyming with off and scoff: and 
in lough, and shough, pronounced lock and shock. 

ow. 

322. The elementary sound of this diphthong is the 
same as the first sound of oh, and is heard in how, now, 
&.C but the sound of long o obtains in so many instances, 
that it will be necessary to give a catalogue of both. 

323. The general sound, as the elementary sound may 
bo called, is heard in now, how, bow, (a mark of respect,) 



mow, (a heap of barley, &c.) cow, brow, brown, browse, 
plow, sow, vow, avow, allow, disallow, endow, down, clown, 
frown, town, crown, drown, gown, renown, dowager, dow- 
dy, dower, dowre, dowry, dowery, dowlas, drowse, drowsy, 
flower, bower, lower, (to look gloomy,) power, powder, 
proicess, prow, prowl, vowel, towel, bower, rowel, cowl, 
scowl, crowd, shower, tower, sow, (a swine,) sowins,soicl, 
thowl, low, (to bellow as a cow.) This word is generally 
pronounced as low, not high ; but if custom, in this case, 
has not absolutely decided, it ought, in my opinion, to 
have the first sound of this diphthong, rhyming with how, 
as much more expressive of the noise it signifies; which, 
where sounds are the ideas to be expressed, ought to have 
great weight in pronunciation. (241, 251.) See the word. 

324. The second sound of this diphthong is heard in 
blow, slow, crow, grow, flow, glow, bow, (to shoot with,) 
know, low, (not high,) mow, (to cut grass,) roio, show, sow, 
(to scatter grain,) strow, snow, trow, below, bestow, owe, 
own, owner, flown, grown, groicth, know, known, sown, 
lower, (to bring low,) throw, thrown j in all these words 
the ow sounds like long o in go, no, so, &.c. 

325. The noun prow, signilving the forepart of a ship, 
rhymes with go in Mr. Sheridan, and with now in Dr. 
Kenrick. The latter is, in my opinion, the preferable 
sound : while the verb to proiol (to seek for prey ) rhyn.es 
with oiol according to Mr. Sheridan, and with soul ac- 
cording to Dr. Kenrick: the latter has the old spelling 
prole to plead, but the former has, in my opinion, both 
analogy and the best usage on its side. Both these writers 
unite in giving the first sound of this diphthong to prow- 
ess ; which is unquestionably the true pronunciation. See 
To Prowl. 

326. The proper names Howe, Howel, Howard, and 
Powel, generally are heard with the first sound of this 
diphthong, as in how, now, &c. but Howes, and Stow, (the 
historian,) commonly rhyme with knows and know. How- 
ard, among people of rank, is generally pronounced with 
the second sound, rhyming with froward ; and Grosvcnor, 
as if written Grovenor. Snoicdon is frequently pronounced 
with the first sound of ow ; but the second sound seems 
preferable ; as it is not improbable that these mountains 
had their name, like the Alps, from the snow on their tops. 

327. When this diphthong is in a final unaccented syl- 
lable, it has always the second sound, like long o, in bor- 
row, sorrow, fellow, willow, &c. The vulgar shorten this 
sound, and pronounce the o obscurely, and sometimes as 
if followed by r, as winder and feller, for window and fel- 
low ; but this is almost too despicable for notice. Good 
speakers preserve the diphthong in this situation, and 
give it the full sound of open o, rhyming with no, so., &c. 
though it should seem in Ben Jonson's time, the o in this 
situation was almost suppressed. See his Grammar, p. 149. 

328. This diphthong, in the word knowledge, has of 
late years undergone a considerable revolution. Some 
speakers who had the regularity of their language at 
heart, were grieved to see the compound depart so far 
from the sound of the simple, and with heroick fortitude 
have opposed the multitude by pronouncing the first syl- 
lable of this word as it is heard in the verb to know. The 
Pulpit and the Bar have for some years given a sanction 
to this pronunciation ; but the Senate and the Stage hold 
out inflexibly against it ; and the nation at large seem in- 
sensible of the improvement. They still continue to pro- 
nounce, as in the old ludicrous rhymes 

11 Among the mighty men of knowledge 
That are professors at Gresham College." 
Eut if ever this word should have the good fortune to be re- 
stored to its rights, it would be but charity to endeavour 
the restoration of a great number of words in a similar 
situation, such as breakfast, vineyard, bewilder, meadow, 
hearken, pleasure, whitster, shepherd, windward, and a 
long catalogue of fellow sufferers, (515.) But, before we 
endeavour this restoration, we should consider, that con- 
tracting the sound of the simple, when it acquires an ad- 
ditional syllable, is an idiom of pronunciation to which 
our language is extremely prone ; nor is it certain that 
crossing this tendency would produce any real advantage ; 
at least, not sufficient to counterbalance the diversity of 
pronunciation which must for a long time prevail, and 
which must necessarily call off our attention from things 
to words. See Enclitical Termination. No. 514. 

OY. 

329. This diphthong is but another form for oi, and is 
pronounced exactly like it. When alloy is written with 
this diphthong it ought never to be pronounced allay. 
Custom seems to have appropriated the former word to 
the noun, and the latter to the verb: for the sake of con- 
sistency, it were to be wished it were always written 
allay ; but it is not to be expected that poets will give 
up so good a rhyme to joy, cloy, and destroy. 

330. The only word in which this diphthong is not un- 
der the accent, is the proper name Savoy ,• for savoy, a 
plant, has the accent on the second syllable; but the 
diphthong in both is pronounced in the same manner. 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF UA, UE, UI, UO, UY, UOY, AND OF B AND C. 
UA. UO. 



a 



331. When the a in this diphthong is pronounced, the 
u has the power of ir, which unites both into one syllable: 
thus antiquate, antiquary, assuage, persuade, equal, lan- 
guage, &.c. are pronounced antikwate, antikwary, as- 
swagc, etc. 

332. The u in this diphthong is silent, in guard, guar- 
dian, guarantee, and piquant ; pronounced gard, gardian, 
garaihee, and pickant. (92.) 

° 333. In Mantua, the town of Italy, both vowels are 
heard distinctly. The same may be observed of the habit 
so called : hut in mantuamaker vulgarity has sunk the a, 
and made it mantumakcr. The same vulgarity at first, 
but now sanctioned by universal custom, has sunk both 
letters in victuals, and its compounds victualling, and vic- 
tualler, pronounced, vittles, vittling, and vittler. See 
.Mantua. 



344. The u in this diphthong is pronounced like w in 
quote, quota, quotation, quotient, quotidian, quorum, quon- 
dam, siliquose, quoth, as if written kwote, kicota, kwota- 
tion, Slc. Coif and coit, commonly pronounced kicoif and 
kwoit, do not come under this class. See the words. 

UY. 

345. This diphthong, with the accent on it, sinks then, 
and pronounces the y like long i .• thus buy, the only word 
where uy has the accent, rhymes with dry, fly, &c. When 
the accent is not on this diphthong it is sounded like long 
e, as plaguy, roguy, gluy, pronounced pla-gee, rogee, 
(with the g hard, as in get.) glu-ee. The same may be 
observed of obloquy, ambiloquy,pauciloquy, soliloquy, ven- 
triloquy, alloquy, colloquy, pronounced oblo-quee, ambilo- 
quee, &,c. 



UOY. 

346. This diphthong is found only m the word buoy, 
pronounced as if written bwoy, but too often exactly like 
boy. But this ought to be avoided by correct speakers 

OF THE CONSONANTS. 
B. 

347. When b follows m in the same syllable it is general- 
ly silent, as in lamb, kemb, limb, comb, dumb, jamb, <Stc. ex- 
cept accumb, and succumb .- it is silent also before t in the 
same syllable, as iu debt, doubt, redoubt, redoubted, and 
their compounds : it is silent before t, when not in the 



UE. 

334. This diphthong, like ua, when it forms only one 
svll ible, and both letters are pronounced, has the u sound- 
e 1 like ?c ; as consuetude, desuetude, and mansuetude, 
which are pronounced conswetude, deswetude, and man- 
srcUide. Thus conquest 13 pronounced according to the 
freneral rule, as if written conkwest ; but the verb to con- 
quer lias unaccountably deviated into conker, particularly 
upan the stage. This errour, however, seems not to be so 
rooted in the general ear as to be above correction ; and 
analogy undoubtedly demands conkwer. 

335.~'This diphthong, when in a final syllable, sinks 
the e, as clue, cue, due, blue, glue, hue, flue, rue, sue, 
tru:, mue, accrue, ensue, endue, imbue, imbrue, pursue, 
subdue, perdue, argue, residue, avenue, revenue, con- 
tinue, retinue, construe, statue, tissue, issue, virtue, value, 

ague : in all these words, whether the accent be on the i j same syllable, in the word subtle, (cunning,) often inaccu- 
diphthong ue or not. it is pronounced like long open u. ex- J rately used for subtile, (fine,) where the b is always pro- 
cept in words where the r comes before u ; iu this case ! nounced. In the mathematical term rhomb the b is always 
it is sounded like 00. When the accent is not on this heard, and the word pronounced as if written rhumb. 
diphthong, as in the latter portion of these words from 1 j Ambs-ace is pronounced Aims-ace. See Rhomb, 
argue, it is apt to be feebly and indistinctly pronounced, i 

and therefore care ought to be taken to sound it as if ij q 

these words were written argew,residew, &c. In Tues-\\ 
day,ue. the diphthong, is pronounced in the same manner 

335. In some words the u is silent, and the e pronounced j 
short, as in guess, guest, guerdon, where the u acts as a 
servile to preserve the g hard. 

337. In some words both the vowels are sunk, as in an- 
ti'jiie. oblique, league, feague, teague, colleague, plague, 
vague, intrigue, fatigue, harangue, tongue, disembogue, 
collogue, rogue, prorogue, brogue, fugue ; in all which 
the ue is silent, and the g pronounced hard. The q in an- j 
liiuc and oblique is pronounced like k, as if the words 
were written anteek, and oblike. (158.) 

33:?. The terminations in ogue, from the Greek, are pro- 
nounced in the same manner. Thus pedagogue, dema- 
gogue, pt.ysmagogue, menagogue, emmenagogue, syna- 
gogue, mystagogue, decalogue, dialogue, trialogue, ca- 
talogue, theologue, eclogue, monologue, prologue, and 
epilogue, are all pronounced as if wriften pedagog, dema- 
gog.'Scc. with the o short. 

339. This diphthong after r becomes 00; thus true is 
pronounced troo. (176.) 



UI. 



340. The u in this diphthong, as in ua, and ue, when 
both vowels are pronounced without forming two sylla- 
bles, is pronounced like to .- thus languid, anguish, lan- 
guish, extinguish, distinguish, relinquish, vanquish, 
linguist, penguin, pursuivant, guiacum, are pronounced 
as if written langwid, angwish, &zc. a.nd cuts.? and cuisses, 
as if written kiciss and kwisses, and cuirass, as if written 
kwirass. 

341. The ?i is silent, and the i pronounced long, in guide, 
disguise, guile, and beguile ; but the u is silent, and the i 
short, in guild, build, guilt, guinea, guitar. Guild in 
Guildhall is, by the lower people of London, pronounced 
so as to rhyme with child ; but this is directly opposite 
to the best usage, and contrary to its etymology, as it is 
a compound of guild (a corporation, always pronounced 
like the verb to gild,) and hall. Dr. Jones, who wrote in 
Queen Anne's time, tells us it was then pronounced as if 
written GVdhall. In circuit and biscuit the u is merely 
servile ; in both the c is hard, and the i short, as if written 
surkit and bislcit. Conduit is pronounced cundit. 

342. In juice, sluice, suit, and pursuit, the i is silent, 
and the it has its diphthongal sound, as if preceded by e, 
and the words were written sle.wse, jeirse, sewt, pursewt. 

343. When this diphthong is preceded by r, it is pro- 
nounced like 00 ; thus bruise, cruise, fruit, bruit, recruit, 
are pronounced as if written broose, croose, broot, recrooL 
(339.) 



348. C is always hard like k before a, 0, and u ; as 
card, cord, curd ; and soft, like s before e, i, and y ; as ce- 
ment, city, cynick. 

349. When c end3 a word or syllable, it is al-vays hard, 
as in music, flaccid, siccity, pronounced musik,flak-sid, 
sik-sity. See Exaggerate. 

350. In the word sceptick, where the first c, according to 
analogy, ought to be pronounced like s, Dr. Johnson has 
not only given his approbation to the sound of A - , but has, 
contrary to general practice, spelt the word skeptick. It 
may be observed, perhaps, in this, as on other occasions, of 
that truly great man, that he is but seldom wrong ; but 
when he is so, that he is generally wrong to absurdity. 
What a monster does this word skeptick appear to an eye 
the least classical or correct! And if this alteration be 
right, why should we hesitate to write and pronounce 
scene, sceptre, and Lacedxmon, skene, skeptre, and Lake- 
daemon, as there is the same reason for k in all >. It is not 
however my intention to cross the general current of polite 
and classical pronunciation, which I know is that of 
sounding the c like k ; my objection is only to writing it 
with the k ; and in this I think I am supported by the best 
authorities since the publication of Johnson's Dictionary. 

351. Cjs mute in Czar, Czarina, victuals, indict, arbus- 
cle, corpuscle, and muscle : it sounds like tch in the Ita- 
lian words vermicelli, and violoncello; and like z in suffice, 
sacrifice, sice, (the number six at dice,) and discern. 

352. This letter, when connected with h, has two sounds ; 
the one like tch in child, chair, rich, which, &lc. pronounc- 
ed as if written tchild,tchair, ritch, ichitch,&.c; the other 
like sh, after I or n, as in belch, bench, filch, &.c. pro- 
nounced belsh, bensh.filsh, &c. This latter sound is ge- 
nerally given to words from the French, as chaise, cha- 
grin, chamade, champagne, champignon, chandelier 
chaperon, charlatan, chevalier, chevron, chicane, capu- 
chin, cartouch, machine, machinist, chancre, marchioness. 

353. Ch in words from the learned languages, are ge- 
nerally pronounced like k, as chalcography, chalybeate, 
chamaleon, chamomile, chaos, character, chart, chasm, 
chely, chemist, (if derived from the Arabick, and chy- 
mist, if from the Greek.) chersonese, chimera, chirc- 
graphy, chiromancy, chlorosis, choler, chorus, chore, 
chorography, chyle and its compounds ; anchor, anchoret. 

I cachexy, catechism, catechise, catechetical, catechumen, 
echo, echinus, epoch, epocha, ichor, machination, machi- 
nal, mechanick, mechanical, orchestra, orchestre, techni- 
cal, anarch, anarchy, conch, cochleary, distich, hemistich, 
monostich, eunuch, monarch, monai chical, iierarch, he- 
resiarch, pentateuch, stomach, stomachick, scheme, school, 
scholar, schesis, mastich, seneschal, and in all woiAj 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS C, D. 



30 



where it is followed by r, as Christ, Christian, chrono- 
logy, chronicle, &c. To these may be added the Celtick 
word loch (a lake.) The exceptions are charity, archer, 
and archery. 

354. When arch, signifying chief, begins a word from 
the Greek language, and is followed by a vowel, it is al- 
ways pronounced ark, as in archangel, archipelago, ar- 
chitect, archives, archetype, archaism, archiepiscopal, 
archidiaconal, architrave, archaiology. But when we 
prefix arch to a word of our own, and this word begins 
with a consonant, we pronounce it so as to rhyme with 
march, as archduke, archdeacon, archbishop ; and some- 
times, when the following word begins with a vowel, if 
it is a composition of our own, and the word does not 
come to us compounded from the Greek or Latin, as arch- 
enemy. 

355. The word ache, (a pain,) pronounced ake, comes 
from the Greek, and was by Shakspeare extended to two 
syllables, aches with ch, as in watches ; but this is ob- 
solete. It is now almost universally written ake and 
akes, except where it is compounded with another word, 
as head-ach, heart-ach, &c. and by thus absurdly re- 
taining the ch in the compound we are puzzled how to 
form the plural, without pronouncing aches in two sylla- 
bles. 

355. In choir and chorister the ch is almost universal- 
ly pronounced like qu (300 :) in ostrich, like dge, as if 
spelled ostridge. It is silent in schedule, schism, and 
yacht ; pronounced seddule, siim, and yoL It is sunk in 
drachm, but heard in drachma ; pronounced dram and 
drachma. 

357. When c comes after the accent, either primary 
or secondary, and is followed by ea, ia, io, or eous, it 
takes the sound of sh .• thus ocean, social, Phocion, sa- 
ponaceous, fasciation, negociation, are pronounced as 
if written oshean, soshial, Phoshion, saponasheous, &c. 
(196.) Financier has the accent after the c, which on 
that account does not go into sh. 

a 

358. In order to have a just idea of the alterations of 
sound this letter undergoes, it will be necessary to con- 
sider its near relation to T. (41.) These consonants, 
like p, and b, /, and v, k, and harder, and 5, and z, are 
letters of the same organ; they differ by the nicest 
shades of sound, and are easily convertible into each 
other : i, p, /, k, and s, may, for the sake of distinc- 
tion, be cabled sharp, and d, b, v, g, and z, may be 
called flat. For this reason, when a singular ends in 
a sharp consonant, the 5, which forms the plural, pre- 
serves its sharp sound, as in cuffs, packs, lips, hats, 
deaths ; and when the singular ends with a flat conso- 
nant, the plural s has the sound of z. as drabs, bags, 
beads, lives, Sec. pronounced drabi, bagz, &c. 

359. In the same manner when a verb ends with a 
sharp consonant, the d, in the termination ed, as- 
sumed by the preterit and participle, becomes sharp, 
and is sounded like t .• thus stuffed, tripped, cracked, 
passed, vouched, faced, where the e is suppressed, as 
it always ought to be, (except when we are pro- 
nouncing the language of Scripture.) (104) change the 
d into t, as if written stuft, tript, crackt, past.voucht, 
faste. So when the verb ends in a flat consonant, the 
d preserves its true flat sound, as drubbed, pegged, 
lived, buzzed, where the c is suppressed, and 3 the 
words pronounced in one syllable, as if written drubbed, 
pegged, liv'd, buzzed. It may be observed too, that 
when the verb ends in a liquid, or a liquid and 
mute e, the participle d always preserves its pure 
sound ; as blamed, joined, filled, barred, pronounced 
blanCd, joiii'd, fiWd, barred. This contraction of the 
participial ed, and the verbal en (103,) is so fixed an 
idiom of our pronunciation, that to alter it, would be 
to alter the sound of the whole language. It must, 
however, be regretted, that it subjects our tongue to 
some of the most hissing, snapping, clashing, grind- 
ing sounds that ever grated the ears of a Vandal: 
thus rasped, scratched, wrenched, bridled, fangled, 
birchen, hardened, strengthened, quickened. &c. almost 
frighten us when written as they are actually pro- 
nounced, as raspt, scratcht, vrrencht, bridVd, fangVd, 
birch'' n, strength" 1 n'd, quick? n'd, Sec. : they become still 
more formidable when used contractedly in the solemn 
style, which never ought to be the case ; for here, in- 
stead of thou strengthen? st or strength" 1 n'd'st, thou 
quick'n'si or quick'n'd'st, we ought to pronounce, thou 
strength' nest or strength? nedst, thou quick'nest or 
quick? nedst, which are sufficiently harsh of all con- 
science. (See No. 405.) But to compensate for these 
Gothiok sounds, which, however, are not without their 
use, our language is full of the smoothest and most 
sonorous terminations of the Greeks and Romans. 

360. By the foregoing rule of contraction; arising from 
\Y n very nature of the letters, we see the absurdity 



of substituting the t for ed, when the verb ends in a 
sharp consonant ; for, when the pronunciation cannot 
be mistaken it is folly to alter the orthography ; thus 
the Distressed Mother, the title of a tragedy, needs 
not to be written Distrest Mother, as we generally 
find it, because, though we write it in the former 
manner, it must necessarily be pronounced in the 
latter. 

361. By this rule, too, we may see the impropriety 
of writing blest for blessed, when a participle. 

" Blest in thy genius, in thy love too blest."— Pope. 

But when the word blessed is an adjective, it ought 
always to be pronounced, even in the most familiar 
conversation, in two syllables, as this is a blessed day, 
the blessed thistle, &c. 

362. This word, with learned, cursed, and winged, are 
the only participial adjectives which are constantly pro- 
nounced in two syllables, where the participles are pro- 
nounced in one: thus a learned man, a cursed thing, a 
winged horse, preserve the ed in a distinct syllable ; 
while the same words, when verbs, as he learned to 
write, he cursed the day, they winged their flight, are 
heard in one syllable, as if written learnd, curst, and 
wingd : the d in cursed changing to t, from its following 
the sharp consonant 5. (358.) 

363. Poetry, however, (which has been one great 
cause of improper orthography,) assumes the privilege 
of using these words, when adjectives, either as mono- 
syllables or dissyllables ; but correct prose rigidly ex- 
acts the pronunciation of ed in these words, when 
adjectives, as a distinct syllable. The ed in aged 
and wiiiged, always make a distinct syllable, as an 
aged man ; the winged courser i but when this word is 
compounded with another, the ed does not form a 
syllable, as a full-ag?d horse, a sheath-win g'd fowl. 

364. It is, perhaps, worthy of notice, that when ad- 
jectives are changed into adverbs by the addition of 
the termination ly, we often find the participial ter- 
mination ed preserved long and distinct, even in those 
very words where it was contracted when used ad- 
jectively : thus though we always hear confessed, pro- 
fess' d, design'd, &.c. we as constantly hear con-fess- 
ed-ly, pro-fess-ed-ly, de-sign-ed-ly, &ec. The same may 
be observed of the following list of words, which by 
the assistance of the Rhyming Dictionary, I am en- 
abled to give as, perhaps, the only words in the lan- 
guage in which the ed is pronounced as a distinct 
syllable in the adverb, where it is contracted in the 
participial adjective: Forcedly, enforcedly, unveiled- 
ly, deformedly, feignedly, unfeigncdly, discernedly, 
resignedly, refinedly, rcstrainedly, concernedly, un- 
concernedly, discernedly, undiscernedly, preparedly, 
assuredly, advisedly, dispersedly, diffusedly, confused- 
ly, unperceivedly, resolvedly, deservedly, undeservedly, 
reservedly, unreservedly, avowedly, perplexedly, fix- 
edly, amazcdly. 

365. To this catalogue, may be added several ab- 
stract substantives formed from participles in ed .- 
which ed makes a distinct syllable in the former, 
though not in the latter, thus : numbedness, bleared- 
ness, preparedness, assuredness, diseasedness, adriscd- 
ncss, reposedness, composcdness, indisposedness, diff'us- 
edness, confusedness, distressed ness, resolvedness, re- 
scrvedness, perplexedness, fixedness, amazedness, have 
ed pronounced distinctly. 

3j6. The adjectives naked, wicked, picked, (pointed.) 
hooked, crooked, forked, tusked, tressed, and wretched, 
are not derived from verbs, and are therefore pro- 
nounced in two syllables. The same may be observ- 
ed of scabbed, crabbed, chubbed, stubbed, shagged, snag- 
ged, ragged, cragged, scrubbed, dogged, rugged, scrag- 
ged, hawked, jagged : to which we' may add the so- 
lemn pronunciation of stiffnecked ; and these, when 
formed into nouns by the addition of ness, preserve 
the ed in a distinct syllable, as tcickedness, scabbed- 
ness, raggedness, &.c. 

367. Passed, in the sense of beyond, becomes a pre- 
position, and may allowably be written past, as past 
twelve o'clock .- tut when an adjective, though it is 
pronounced in one syllable, it ought to be written 
Avith two, as passed pleasures are present pain : this 
I know is contrary to usage ; but usage is, in this 
case, contrary to good sense, and the settled analogy 
of the language. 

368. It needs scarcely be observed, that when the 
verb ends in t or d, the ed in the past time and 
participle has the d pronounced with its own sound, 
and always forms an additional syllable, a* landed, 
matted, &c. otherwise the final d could not be pro- 
nounced at all. 

369. And here perhaps it may not be useless to 
take notice of the very imperfect and confused idea 
that is given in Lowth's grammar, of what are call- 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS F AND 6?. 



S\ 



ed contracted verbs, such as snatcht, checkt, snapt, mizt. 
dwelt, and past, for snatched, checked, snapped, mixed, 
dwelled, and passed. To these are added, those that end 
in l,m, and n, or p, after a diphthong ; which either shorten 
the diphthong, or change it into a single vowel ; and in- 
stead of ed, take t only for the preterit, as dealt, dreamt, 
meant, felt, slept, crept ; and these are said to be consi- 
dered not as irregular, but contracted only. Now, nothing 
cau be clearer, than that verbs of a very different kind 
are here huddled together as of the same. Snatched, 
checked, snapped, mixed, and passed, are not irregular 
at all ; if they are ever written snatcht, checkt, snapt, 
mizt, and past, it is from pure ignorance of analogy, and 
not considering that if they were written with ed, unless 
we were to pronounce it as a distinct syllable, contrary 
to the most settled usage of the language, the pronuncia- 
tion, from the very nature of the letters, must be the 
same. It is very different with dwelled ; here, as a li- 
quid, and not a'sharp mute, ends the verb, d might be 
pronounced without going into t, just as well as in felVd, 
the participle of to fell (to cut down trees.) Here then 
we find custom has determined an irregularity, which 
cannot be altered, without violence to the language; 
dwell may be truly called an irregular verb, and dwelt 
the preterit and participle. 

370. The same may be observed of deal, dream, mean, 
feel, weep, sleep, and creep. It is certain we can pro- 
nounce d after the four first of these words, as well as in 
sealed, screamed, cleaned, and reeled ; but custom ha9 
not only annexed t to the preterit of these verbs, but has 
changed the long diphthongal sound into a short one ; 
they are therefore doubly irregular. Weep, sleep, and 
creep, would not have required t to form their preterits, 
any more than peeped, and steeped ; but custom, which 
has shortened the diphthong in the former words, very 
naturally annexed t as the simplest method of conveying 
the sound. 

371. The only two words which occasion some doubt 
about classing them are, to learn and to spell. The 
vulgar (who are no contemptible guides on this occasion) 
pronounce them in the preterit learnt and spelt ; but as 
nand I will readily admit of d after them, it seems more 
correct to favour a tendency to regularity, both in writing 
and speaking, which the literary world has given into, 
by spelling them learned and spelled, and pronouncing 
them learned, and spelVd : thus earned, the preterit of 
to earn, has been recovered from the vulgar earnt, and 
made a perfect rhyme to discerned. 

372. To these observations may be added, that, in such 
irregular verbs as have the present, the preterit, and par- 
ticiple the same, as cast, cost, cut, &c. the second person 
singular of the preterit of these verbs takes ed before the 
est, as / east, or did cast ; Thou castedst, or didst cast, 
&.c. for if this were not the case, the second person of the 
preterit might be mistaken for the second person of the 
present tense. 

373. I have been led insensibly to these observations by 
their connexion with pronunciation ; and if the reader 
should think them too remote from the subject, I must 
beg his pardon, and resume my remarks on the sound of 
the letter d. 

374. The vulgar drop this letter in ordinary, and ex- 
traordinary, and make them or* nary and eztr^or'nary ; 
but this is a gross abbreviation ; the best pronunciation 
is sufficiently short, which is ordinary, and extraordinary : 
the first in three and the last in four syllables ; but so- 
lemn speaking preserves the i, and makes the latter word 
consist of five syllables, as if written eztr' ordinary. 

375. Our ancestors, feeling the necessity of showing 
the quantity of a vowel followed by ge, when it was to 
be short, inserted d, as wedge, ridge, badge. &c. The 
same reason induced them to write colledge, and alledge. 
with the d ; but modern reformers, to the great injury of 
the language, have expelled the d, and left the vowel to 
shift for itself; because there is no d in the Latin words 
from which these are derived. 

376. D, like t,to which it is so nearly related, when it 
comes after the accent, either primary or secondary, (522,) 
and is followed by the diphthong ie, to, ia, or eou, slides 
into gzh, or the consonant j ; thus soldier is universally 
and justly pronounced as if written sol-jer ,• grandeur, 
gran-jcur ; and verdure, (where it must be remembered 
that u is a diphthong,) ver-jure -. and, for the same reason, 
education is elegantly pronounced ed-jucation. But duke 
and reduce, pronounced juke and re-juce, where the ac- 
cent is after the d, cannot be too much reprobated. 



377. F has its pure sound in often, off, &c. but, in the 
preposition of, slides into its near relation v, as if written 
ov. But when this preposition is in composition at the 
end of a word, the / becomes pure ; thus, though we 
sound of singly o»,we pronounce it as if the/ were dou- 
ble in whereof. 



378. There is a strong tendency to change the /into v 
in some words, which confounds the plural number and 
the genitive case : thus we often hear of a wive's join- 
ture, a calve's head, and home rent, for wife's jointure, 
a calf's head, and house rent. 



379. O, like C, has two sounds, a hard and a soft one : 
it is hard before a, o,u, I, and r, as game, gone, gull, glo- 
ry, grandeur. Gael 19 the only exception , now more 
commonly written jail. (212.) 

380. G before c and i is sometimes hard and sometimes 
soft : it is generally soft before words of Greek, Latin, or 
French original, and hard before words from the Saxon. 
These latter, forming by far the smaller number, may be 
considered as exceptions. 

381. G is hard before e, in gear, geek, geese, geld, 
gelt, gelding, get, gew-gaw, shagged, snagged, rag- 
ged, cragged, scragged, dogged, rugged, dagger, swag- 
ger, stagger, trigger, dogger, pettifogger, tiger, au- 
ger, eager, meager, anger, finger, linger, conger, 
longer, stronger, younger, longest, strongest, youngest. 
The last six of these words are generally pronounced in 
Ireland, so as to let the g remain in its nasal sound 
without articulating the succeeding vowel : thus longer 
(more long) is so pronounced as to sound exactly like the 
noun a long-er (one who longs or wishes for a thing ); 
the same may be observed of the rest. That the 
pronunciation of Ireland is analogical, appears from the 
same pronunciation of g in string-y, spring-y, full of 
strings and springs ; and wronger and wrongest, for more 
and most wrong. But though resting the g in the nasal 
sound, without articulating the succeeding vowel, ia 
absolutely necessary in verbal nouns derived from verbs 
ending in ing, as singer, bringer, slinger, &c. pronounced 
sing-er, bring-er, sling-er, &.c. and not sing-ger, bring- 
ger, sling-ger, &c. yet in longer, stronger, and younger, 
longest, strongest, and youngest, the g ought always to 
articulate the e : thus younger ought always to rhyme 
with the termination monger, which has always the g 
hard, and articulating the vowel ; and this pronunciation 
is approved by Mr. Nares. Forget, target, and together, 
fall into this class. See No. 409. 

382. G is hard before i in gibbe, gibcat, gibber, gib- 
berish, gibbous, giddy, gift, gig, giggle, giglet, (pro- 
perly gigglet,) gild, gill, (of a fish) gimlet, gimp, gira\ 
girdle, girl, girth, gizzard, begin, give, forgive, big- 
gin, piggin, noggin .- also derivatives from nouns or 
verbs ending in hard g, as druggist, waggish, riggish, 
hugcrish, doggish, sluggish, rigging, digging, &c. 

3§3. G belbre y is generally soft, as in elegy, apology, 
&.c. and almost in all words from the learned languages; 
but hard in words from the Saxon, which are formed 
from nouns or verbs ending in g hard, as shaggy, jaggy, 
knaggy, snaggy, craggy, scraggy, Quaggy, swaggy, 
dreggy, spriggy, twiggy, boggy, foggy, cloggy, buggi/ y 
muggy. Gyve, from its Celtick original, ought to have 
the ' g hard, but has decidedly adopted the soft g. 

GNin the same Syllable at tlie Beginning ofaWord. 

384. The g in this situation is always silent, as gna-ar^ 
gnash, gnat, gnarl, gnomon, gnomonicks, pronounced 
naw, nash, nat, narl, nomon, nomonicks. 

GNin the same Syllable at tlie End of a Word. 

385. No combination of letters has more puzzled the 
criticks than this. Two actresses of distinguished merit 
in Portia in the Merchant of Venice pronounced the 
word impugn differently, and each found her advocate ia 
the newspapers. One critick affirmed, that Miss Young, 
by preserving the sound of g, pronounced the word pro- 
perly; and the olher contended that Mrs. Yates was 
more judicious in leaving it out. The former was 
charged with harshness ; the latter with mutilating 
the word, and weakening its sound ; but if analogy 
may decide, it is clearly in favour of the latter ; for 
there is no axiom in our pronunciation more indisputable 
than that which makes g silent before n in the same syl- 
lable. This is constantly the case in sign, and all "its 
compounds, as resign, design, consign, assign ; and in 
indign, condign, malign, benign ; all pronounced as 
if written sine, rezine, &c. In which words we find the 
vowel i long and open, to compensate, as it were, for the 
suppression of g, as every other word ending in gn, when 
the accent is on the syllable, has a diphthong pronounced 
like a long open vowel, as arraign, campaign, feign, 
reign, deign ; and consequently, unless the vowel a can 
produce some special privilege which the other vowels 
have not, we must, if we pronounce according to analo- 
gy, make the u in this situation long, and sound impugn 
as if written impune, 



32 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS G, GM, GH, &c. 



386. The same analogy will oblige us to pronounce 
impregn, oppugn, expugn, propugn, as if written im- 
prene, oppune, cxpune, propune, not only wben these 
verbs are in the infinitive mood, but in the preterits, 
participles, and verbal nouns formed from them, as 
impugned, impugning, and impugner, must be pro- 
nounced impuncd, impuning, and impuner. The same 
may be observed of the rest. Perhaps it will gratify 
a curious observer of pronunciation to see the diversity 
and uncertainty of our orthoepists in their notation of 
the words before ns. 

impune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares, Murray. Barclay 
says the g in this word and its deriva- 
tives is mute, but takes no notice of the 
quantity of the u. 
impiin. Buchanan, Kenrick, Perry. 

impung. W. Johnston. 

oppune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares, Murray. 

oppun. Kenrick, Perry, Barclay. 

oppung. W. Johnston. 

propune. Sheridan, Scott, Perry, Nares. 
propung. Barclay. 
imprene. Nares, Murray. 

impren. Sheridan, Kenrick, Perry. Barclay says the 

g is mute, but says nothing of the quan- 
tity of the e. 
expune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares. 
expiin. Perry, Barclay. 

impuner. Sheridan. 
impvned. Murray. 
impunner. Perry, Barclay. 
opp&gner. Sheridan. 
propugner. Sheridan. 
propuner. Scott. 
prcpunner. Perry. 

Nothing is clearer than that all these words ought to 
follow the same fortune, and should be pronounced 
alike. How then shall be reconciled Mr. Sheridan's 
pronouncing impugn, oppugn, expugn, and propugn, 
with the u long, and impregn with the e short >. Ken- 
rick, who has not the word propugn, is consistent in 
pronouncing the rest with the vowel short. The same 
may be observed of Scott, who adopts the long sound, 
but has not the word impregn. Mr. Perry gives the 
short sound to all but propugn, where he makes the u 
long, but absurdly makes the verbal noun propunner ; 
and W. Johnston, who has only impugn and oppugn, 
pronounces the vowel short, and spells them impung 
and oppung. Barclay, under the word impugn, says 
the g in this word and its derivatives is mute, without 
noticing the quantity of the vowels, but spells op- 
pugn, oppun ; and of impregn, only says the g is mute ; 
but writes propugn, propung, in the manner that. W. 
Johnston does impugn and oppugn .- but Mr. Nares 
observes, that analogy seems to require a similar 
pronunciation in all these words, and that the vowel 
should be long. The same inconsistency is observable 
in Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of the verbal nouns ; 
for he expunges the g in impugner, and writes it 
impuner, but preserves it in oppugner and propugner. 
Mr. Scott has only the word propugner, which he very 
properly, as well as consistently, spells propuner. Mr. 
Perry has propunner and impunner, and Barclay im- 
punner only. — The inconsistency here remarked arises 
from not attending to the analogy of pronunciation, 
which requires every verbal noun to be pronounced 
exactly like the verb, with the mere addition of the 
termination: thus singer is only adding er to the 
verb sing, without suffering the g to articulate the e 
as it does in finger and linger, <&c. Th« same may 
be observed of a signer, one who signs : and as a 
corroboration of this doctrine, we may take notice 
that the additional er and est, in the comparatives 
and superlatives of adjectives, make no alteration in 
the sound of the radical word : this is obvious in the 
words benigner, benignest, &c. except younger, longer, 
and stronger. See No. 381. 

337. But in every other compound where these let- 
ters occur, the n articulates the latter syllable, and g 
is heard distinctly in the former, as sig-nify, malig- 
nity, assig-nation, &c. Some affected speakers, either 
ignorant of the rules for pronouncing English, or 
over-complaisant to the French, pronounce physiogno- 
my, cognizance, and recognizance, without the g ,• 
but this is a gross violation of the first principles 
of spelling. The only words to keep these speakers 
in countenance are poignant, and champignon, not 
long ago imported from France, and pronounced poin- 
ianl, ehampinion. The first of these words will be 
probably hereafter written without the g ; while the 
latter, confined to the kitchen, may be looked upon 
as technical, and allowed an exclusive privilege. See 
Cognizance. 

388. Bagnio, seignior, seraglio, intaglio, and oglio, 
pronounced ban-yo, seen-yur, seral-yo, intal-yo, and 
ole-yo, may be considered as foreign coxcombs, ( and 



treated with civility, by omitting the g, while thir» 
do not pervert the pronunciation of our native En 
glish words. 

GM in the same Syllable. 

389. What has been said of gn is applicable to gm. 
We have but one word in the language where these 
letters end a word with the accent on it, and that 
is phlegm ; in this the g is always mute, and the c, 
according to analogy, ought to be pronounced Jong, 
as if the word were written Jlemc ; but a short pro- 
nunciation of the e has generally obtained, and wo 
commonly hear it ficm ; it is highly probable Pope 
pronounced it properly, where he says, 

"Our criticks take a contrary extreme ; 
They judge with fury, but they write with phlegm.'" 
Essay on Criticism. 

Perhaps it would not be difficult to reduce this word 
to analogy, as some speakers still pronounce the e 
long: but in the compounds of this word, as in those 
where gn occur, the vowel is shortened, and the g 
pronounced, as in phleg-mon, phleg-monous, phlcg- 
matick, and phleg-magogues ; though Mr. Sheridan, 
for no reason I can conceive, sinks the g in the last 
word. When these letters end a syllable not under 
the accent, the g is silent, but the preceding vowel 
is shortened : thus paradigm, parapegm, diaphragm 
apophthegm., are pronounced paradim, parapem, dia 
phram, apothem. 

GH. 

390. This combination, at the beginning of a word, 
drops the h, as in ghost, ghastly, aghast, gherkin, 
pronounced gost, rhyming with most,~ gastly, agast, 
guerkin ; but. when these letters come at the end of a 
word, they form some of the greatest anomalies in 
our language ; gh, at the end of words, is generally 
silent, and consequently the preceding vowel or diph- 
thong is long, as high, nigh, thigh, neigh, weigh, in- 
veigh, cugh, (the obsolete way of spelling yew, a tree,) 
bough, dough, though, although, dough, (a cliff,) plough, 
furlough, slough, (a. miry place,) through, throughout, 
thorough, borough, usquebaugh, pugh ! 

391. Oh is frequently pronounced like /, as laugh, 
laughter, cough, chough, dough, (an allowance in 
Weight,) slotigh, (the cast skin of a snake or. sore,) 
enough, rough, tough, trough. 

392. Oh is sometimes changed into ck, as hough, 
shough, lough, pronounced hock, shock, lock ; some 
times we near only the g sounded, as in burgh, 
burgher, and burghership. 

GHT. 

393. Oh in this termination is always silent, as 
fight, night, bought, fought, &c. The only exception 
is draught ; which, in poetry, is most frequently 
rhymed with caught, taught, &c. ; out in prose, is 
so universally pronounced as if written draft, that 
the poetical sound of it grows uncouth, and is becom- 
ing obsolete. Draughts, the game, is also pronounced 
drafts. Drought, (dryness) is vulgarly pronounced 
drowth : it is even written so by Milton ; but in this 
he is not to be imitated, having mistaken the analogy 
of this word, as well as that of height, which he 
spells highth, and which is frequently so pronounced 
by the vulgar. See the words Height and Drought 

H. 

394. This letter is no more than breathing forcibly 
before the succeeding vowel is pronounced. At the 
beginning of words, it is always sounded, except in 
heir, heiress, honest, honesty, honour, honourable, herb, 
herbage, hospital, hostler, hour, humble, humour, hu- 
morous, humorsome. Ben Jonson leaves out the h 
in host, and classes it in this respect with honest. 

395. II is always silent after r, as rhctorick, rhap- 
sody, rheum, rheumatism, rhinoceros, rhomb, rhubarb, 
myrrh, catarrh, and their compounds. 

396". II final, preceded by a vowel, is always silent, 
as ah ! hah 1 oh ! fogh 1 sirrah, hallelujah, Messiah. 

397. This letter is often sunk after w, particularly 
in the capital, where we do not find the least dis- 
tinction of sound between while and wile, whet and 
wet, where and wear. Trifling as this difference may 
appear at first sight, it tends greatly to weaken and 
impoverish the pronunciation, as well as sometimes to 
confound words of a very different meaning. The 
Saxons as Dr. Lowth observes, placed the A before 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS J, K, L, M, AND N. 



33 



the 10, as hwat ; and this is certainly its true place ; 
for in the pronunciation of all words beginning with 
wh, we ought to lireuthe forcibly before we pronounce 
the ir, as if the words were written hoo-at, hoo-ile, 
&.c. and then we shall avoid that feeble, cockney 
pronunciation which is so disagreeable to a correct 
ear. 



39tf J is pronounced exactly like soft g, and is per- 
fectly uniform in its sound, except in the word halle- 
lujah, where it is pronounced like y. 



K. 



399. K has exactly the sound of hard c .• it is always 
silent before n in the same syllable, as knee, kneel, 
knack, knight, know, knuckle, knab, knag, knap, knare. 
knare, knit, knock, knot, knoll. 

400. It has been a custom within these twenty years 
to omit the k at the end of words when preceded by 
c. This has introduced a novelty into the language, 
which is that of ending a word with an unusual let- 
ter, and is not only a blemish in the face of it, but j 
may possibly produce some irregularity in future for- 
matives; for mimicking must be written with the k, 
though to mimic is without it. If we use colic as a 
verb, which is not uncommon, we must write colick- 
ing and colicked ■ and though physicking and phy- 
sicked, are. not the most elegant words, they are not 
quite out of the line of formation. This omission of 
k is, however, too general to be counteracted, even 
by the authority ol Johnson : but it is to be hoped it 
will be confined to words from the learned languages: 
and indeed, as there is not the same vanity of ap- 
pearing learned in the Saxon as in the Latin and 
Greek, there is no great fear that thick and stick 
will lose their k, though they never had it in the 
original. 



401. Ben Jonson says L melteth in the sounding, 
and is therefore called a liquid. This, however, can- 
not be the reason that r is called a liquid : for no 
two letters can, in this respect, he more opposite. See 
No. 21. 

L is mute in almond? calf, half, calve, halve, chal- 
dron, falcon, folk, yolk, (better written yelk with the 
I sounded,) fusil, halser, malmsey, salmon, salve, tal- 
bot (a species of dog ) See Salve. 

402. L is mute also between a and k in the same 
syllable, as balk, chalk, talk, stalk, walk. 

403. L is silent likewise between a and m in the 
same syllable, as alms, balm, calm, palm, psalm, qualm, 
shalm ; but when the m is detached from the I by 
commencing another syllable, the I becomes audible. 
Thus, though the I is mute in psalm, palm, it is always 
heard in psal-mist, psal-mody, and pal-mistry ; but 
in balmy and palmy, where the y is an adjective 
termination of our own, no alteration is made in the 
sound of the substantive which sinks the I (38C.) 
Calmer and calmest ought to have the I mute, as 
they are only degrees of comparison ; and palmer, and 
palmerworm\exceY>t in the language of Scripture, where 
the I in palmerworm ought to be heard.) are only a 
sort of verbal nouns, which never alter the sound of 
the original word, and therefore ought to have the I 
mute. But though I is sometimes mute in the noun 
salve, and in the verb to salve, it is always heard in 
salver (a kind of plate.) See Salve. 

404. L ought always to be suppressed in the auxi- 
liary verbs would, could, should : it is sometimes sup- 
pressed in fault ; but this suppression is become vul- 
gar, (see the word.) In soldier, likewise, the I is 
sometimes suppressed, and the word pronounced so-jer ; 
but this is far from being the most correct pronun- 
ciation : I ought always to be heard in this word, and 
its compounds soldierly, soldiership, Sec. 

405. L, preceded by a mute, and followed by e, in 
a final syllable, has an imperfect sound, which does 
not do much honour to our language. The /, in this 
situation, is neither sounded like el nor le, but t le e 
final is suppressed, and the preceding mute articulates 
the I, without either a preceding or a succeeding vow- 
el ; so that this sound may be called a monster in Gram- 
mar— a syllable without a vowel ! This will easily be 
perceived in the words able, table, circle, &c. which 
are pronounced as if written abl, tabl, circl, &c. and in 
those still more Gothick and uncouth abbreviated par- 
ticipial terminations, peopled, bridled, saddled, trifles, 
gaffles, &c. pronounced pee-pPd, bri-dVd, sad-dPd, tri- 
f--> gaf-fii, &c. (359) (472.) 

5 



406. This letter has not only, like / and s, the pri- 
vilege of doubling itself at the end of a word, but it 
has an exclusive privilege of being double where they 
remain single: though by what right cannot well bo 
conceived. Thus, according to the general rule, when 
a verb ends in a single consonant, preceded by a 
single vowel, and the accent is on the last syllable, 
the consonant is doubled when a participial termina- 
tion is added, as abet, abetting, beg, begging, begin, 
beginning, &.c. but when the accent is not on the 
last syllable of the verb, the consonant remains sin- 
gle, as suffered, suffering, benefiting, &c. but the I is 
doubled, whether the accent be on the last syllablo 
or not, as duelling, levelling, victualling, travelling, 
traveller, &e. Tins gross irregularity, however, would 
not have been taken notice of in this place, if it had 
not suggested an absurdity in pronunciation, occasion- 
ed by the omission of l. Though the latter I is use- 
less in traveller, victualler, &.c. it is not so in con- 
troller : for as 11 is a mark of the deep broad sound 
of a in ball, tall, all, &c. (84;) so the same letters 
are the sign of the long open sound of o in boll (a 
round stalk of a plant,) to joll, noil, (the head,) knoll, 
(a little hill,) poll, clodpoll, roll, scroll, droll, troll 
stroll, toll : for which reason, leaving out one I in be- 
thral, catcal, miscal, overfal, forestal, reinstal, down- 
fal, withal, control, and unrol, as we find them in 
Johnson's Dictionary, is an omission of the utmost 
importance to the sound of the words ; for as the 
pronunciation sometimes alters the spelling, so the 
spelling sometimes alters the pronunciation.* Accord- 
ingly we find some speakers, chiefly the natives of 
Ireland, inclined to give the a its middle sound, to 
words commencing with al, followed by another con- 
sonant, because they do not see the 11 in the all with 
which these words are compounded : thus we some- 
times hear Almighty, albeit, so pronounced as to make 
their first syllable rhyme with the first ofal-ley, val-ley ; 
and extol is pronounced by the Scotch so as to rhymo 
with coal ; and with just asf much reason as we 
pronounce control in the same manner. For though 
compounds may, in some cases, be allowed to drop 
such letters of their simples, as either are not neces- 
sary to the sound, as in Christmas ; or might possi- 
bly lead to a wrong one, as in Reconcilable (which 
see ;) yet where, by omitting a letter, the sound may 
be altered, the omission is pernicious and absurd. (84.) 
The same observations might be extended to the nu- 
merous termination full, where, in compounds, one I 
is omitted, though nothing can be more certain, than 
that ful, with a single I, has not the same sound as 
when this, letter is doubled ; for who could suppose, 
without being used to the absurdity, that fulfil should 
stand for fullfi.il 1 but this abbreviation is too inve- 
terate and extensive to aft'ord any hope, that tho 
great arbiters of orthography, the printers, will ever 
submit to the additional trouble of putting another I 



M. 



407. M preserves it3 sound in every word, except 
comptroller ; compt and accompt are now universally 
written as they are pronounced, count and account ; 
and though m and p are' preserved to the eye in tho 
officer called a comptroller, the word is pronounced 
exactly like the noun controller, one who controls. 



408. JV has two sounds ; the one simple and pure, 
as in man, net, &c. ; the other compounded and mix- 
ed, as in hang, thank, &c. The latter sound is heard 
when it is followed by the sharp or flat guttural 
mutes g hard, or k ; "or its representatives c hard, 
qu or x ; but it may be observed, that so prone is 
our language to the flat mutes, that when n is fol- 
lowed by k, or its representatives, the flat mute g 
seems interposed between them: thu3 thank, banquet, 
anxious, are pronounced as if written, not than-k, 
ban-quet, an-xious, but thangk, bangquct, angkshus. 
But this coalition of the sound of n and g, or hard 
c, is only when the accent is on them ; for when the 
g or hard c articulates the accented syllable, the n 
becomes pure: thus, though congress and congregate 
are pronounced as if written cong-grcss, and cong- 
gregate, yet the first syllable of congratulate, and 
congressive, ought to be pronounced without the ring- 
ing sound «f 7i, and exactly like the same syllable in 

* This omission of the letter L, I see, has been 
rectified in the last quarto edition of Johnson's Dic- 
tionary ; and it would have been well if the Editors 
had acknowledged their obligations and extended thei 
emendations to the word codle, and several others. 



24 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS P, PH, Q, AND R. 



contrary. The same difference may Ire observed in 
the words concourse and concur; the flist word, which 
has the accent on the first syllable, is pronounced as 
if written cong-course ■. and the last, which has the 
accent on the second syllable, with n pure. It must, 
however, be carefully observed, that the secondary ac- 
cent has the same power of melting the n into the 
succeeding hard g or c as the primary (522;) thus 
congregation and concremation have the first syllable 
pronounced as if written cong. 

409. It may, perhaps, be "worthy of notice, that 
when n is followed by k, the k has 'a finished or com- 
plete sound, as in link, think, ice. ; but when n is 
followed by hard g, the g has an unfinished or imper- 
fect sound a9 in hang, bang, &c. where we may ob- 
serve the tongue to rest upon the palate in the sound 
of g ; but when this letter is carried off to articulate 
another syllable, its sound is completed, as in anger, 
and Bangor (the name of a town,) where the sound of 
g may be perceived to be very different from the noun 
hanger, (a sword,) and banger, (one who beats or 
bungs.) This perfect sound of g is heard in all sim- 
ples, as anger, angle, finger, linger, conger, anguish, 
languish, distinguish, extinguish, unguent: but in 
words derived from verbs or adjectives, ending in ng, 
the g continues imperfect, as it was in the theme. 
Thus a singer (one who sings) does not finish the g 
like finger, but is merely er added to sing : the same 
may be observed of sing-i7ig, bring-ing, and hang- 
ing. So adjectives formed by tiie addition of y have 
the imperfect sound of g, as in the original word ; 
thus springy, stringy, dungy, and wingy, are only the 
sound of e added to spring, string, dung, and wing ; 
but the comparative and superlative adjectives, longer, 
stronger, and younger ; longest, strongest, and young- 
est, have the g hard and perfectly sounded, as if 
written long-ger, strong-ger, young-ger, &c. where the 
g is hard, as in fin-ger, lin-ger,&.c. And it may he 
looked upon as a general rule, that nouns, adjectives 
or verbs, do not alteifttheir original sound upon taking 
an additional syllable. In these three words, there- 
fore, the Irish pronounce more agreeably to analogy 
than the English, for, if I mistake not, they do not ar- 
ticulate the g. (381.) 

410. Hitherto we have considered these letters as 
they are heard under the accent ; but when they are 
unaccented in the participial termination ing, they are 
frequently a cause of embarrassment to speakers who 
desire to pronounce correctly. We are told, even by 
teachers of English, that ing, in the word singing, 
bringing, and swinging, must be pronounced with 
the ringing sound, which is heard when the accent 
is on these letters, in king, sing, and wing, and not 
as if written without the g, as singin, bringin, swing- 
in. No one can be a greater advocate than I am for 
the strictest adherence to orthography, as long as the 
publick pronunciation pays the least attention to it ; 
but when I find letters given up by the Publick, with 
respect to sound, I then consider them as ciphers : 
and, if my observation does not greatly fail me, I can 
assert, that our best speakers do not invariably pro- 
nounce the participial ing, so as to rhyme with sing, 
king, and ring. Indeed, a very obvious exception seems 
to offer itself in those verbs that end in these let- 
ters, as a repetition of the ringing sound in succes- 
sive syllables would produce a Tautophony, (see the 
word.) and have a very bad effect on the ear ; and 
therefore, instead of singing, bringing, and flinging, 
our best speakers are heard to pronounce sing-in, bring- 
in, and fling-in ; and for the very same reason that 
we exclude the ringing sound in these words, we 
ought to admit it when the verb ends with in; for 
if, instead of sinning, pinning, and beginning, we 
should pronounce sin-nin, pin-nin, and be^in-nin, we 
should fall into the same disgusting repetition as in 
the former case. The participial ing, therefore, ought 
always to have its ringing sound, except in those 
words formed from verbs in this termination ; for 
writing, reading, and speaking, are certainly prefera- 
ble to roritin, readin, and speakin, wherever the pro- 
nunciation has the least degree of precision or solem- 
nity. 

411. JV" is mute when it ends a syllable, and is pre- 
ceded by I or m, as kiln, hymn, limn, solemn, column, 
autumn, condemn, contemn. In hym-ning, and lim- 
ning, the n is generally pronounced, and sometimes, 
in very solemn speaking, in condem-ning, and contem- 
ning ; but in both cases, contrary to analogy, which 
forbids any sound in the participle that was not in 
the verb. (381.) • 



graphy, psalter, psaltry ; the prefix pseudo signifying 
false, as pseudography , pseudology, and the interjec 
tion pshaw ! To these we may add. ptisan, ptyaluin, 
ptysmagogue. It is mute in the middle of words be- 
tween m and t, in empty, sempstress, peremptory, 
sumptuous, presumptuous, redemption, exemption, and 
raspberry. In cupboard it coalesces with and falls 
into its flat sound b, as if written cubboard. It is 
mute in a final syllable between the same letters, as 
tempt, attempt, contempt, exempt, prompt, accompt. In 
receipt it is mute between i and I, and in the mili- 
tary corps (a body of troops,) both p and s are mute, 
as custom has acquiesced in the French pronunciation 
of most military terms. 

PH. 

413. Ph is generally pronounced like /, as in philo- 
sophy, phantom, &c. In nephew and Stephen, it has 
the sound of v. In diphthong and triphthong the 
sound of p only is heard ; and the h is mute like- 
wise in naphtha, ophthnlmick, <fcc. In apophthegm 
both letters are dropped. The same may be observed 
of phthisis, pnthisick, and phthisical. In sapphire the 
first p slides into ph, by an accentual coalition of 
similar letters, very agreeable to analogy. See Exag- 
gerate. 

Q. 

414. Q has always the sound of k ; it is constant- 
ly followed by u, pronounced like w ; and its general 
sound is heard in quack, quill, queen, &c. pronounced 
kwack, kwill, kween, &c. That the u subjoined to this 
letter has really the power of w, may be observed in 
the generality of words where a succeeds ; for wo 
find the vowel go into the broad sound in quart, quar- 
rel, quantity, &c. as much as in war, warrant, want. 
&c. (85.) But it must be carefully noted, that this 
broad sound is only heard under the accent ; when 
the a, preceded by qu, is not accented, it has tho 
sound of every other accented a in the language. (92.) 
Thus the a in quarter, quarrel, quadrant, &c. because 
it has the accent, is broad : the same may be ob- 
served when the accent is secondary only (522) (527,) 
as in quadragesimal, quadrisyllable, &c. ; but when 
the accent is on the succeeding syllable, as in qua- 
dratick, qua-drangular, &c. the a goes into tho ob- 
scure sound approaching to the Italian a. (92.) 

415. As a great number of words, derived from the 
French, have these letters in them, according to our 
usual complaisance for that language, we adopt the 
French pronunciation: thus in coquet, doquet, eti- 
quette, masquerade, harlequin, oblique, antique, opaque, 
pique, piquant, piquet, burlesque, grotesque, casque, 
mosque, quadrille, quater-cousin, the qu is pronounced 
like k. Quo if and quoit ought to be written and pro- 
nounced coif, coit. Paquet, laquey, chequer, and risque, 
have been very properly spelled by Johnson, as they 
are pronounced, packet, lackey, checker, and risk. Quoth 
ought to be pronounced with" the u, as if written kwuth, 
and therefore is not irregular. Liquor and harlequin 
always lose the u ; and conquer, conquerable, and con- 
queror, sometimes, particularly on the Stage. This de- 
viation, however, seems not to have gone beyond re- 
covery; and conquest is still regularly pronounced cong- 
kwest. Quote and quotation are perfectly regular, and 
ought never to be pronounced as some do, cote and cj- 
tation. Cirque, contracted from circus, and cinque, 
cinque-foil, cinque-ports, cinque-spotted, are pronounced 
sirk and sink ; and critique, when we mean a criticism, 
to distinguish it from critick, is pronounced criteek, 
rhyming with speak. See Quoit and Quotation. 



412. This letter is mute before s and t at the be- 
inning of words, as psalm, psalmist, psalmody, psalmo- 



416. This letter is never silent, but its sound is some- 
times transposed. In a hnal unaccented syllable, ter- 
minating with re, the r is pronounced after the c, as 
acre, lucre, sabre, fibre, ochre, n.eagre, maugre, sepul- 
chre, theatre, spectre, metre, petre, mitre, nitre, autre, 
lustre, accoutre, massacre ; to which we may add, cen- 
tre, and sceptre ; sometimes written center and scep- 
ter ; but, in my opinion, very improperly, as this pecu- 
liarity is fixed, and easily understood ; while reducing 
meagre to meager disturbs the rule, and adds anothei 
anomaly to our pronunciation, by making the g hard 
before e. (98.) 

417. The same transposition of r is always perceiv- 
ed in the pronunciation of apron and iron ; and often 
in that of citron and saffron, as if written apurn, iurn 
citurn, saffurn : nor do I think the two first can be 
pronounced otherwise without a disagreeable stiffness: 
but. the two last may preserve the r before the vowel 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS R AND S. 



3o 



with great propriety. Children and hundred have sli'l as, whereas, has, his, icas ,• for bias, doiclas, Atlas, me 
into this analogy, when used colloquially, but preserve 
the r before the e in solemn speaking. 

418. As this letter is but a jnr of the tongue, some- 
times against the roof of the mouth, and sometimes at 
the orifice of the throat, it is the most imperfect of 
all the consonants ; and, ns its formation is so indefi- 
nite, no wonder, when it is not under the accent, that 
the vowels which precede it should be so indefinite 
in their sounds, as wo may perceive in the words 
friar, Her, elirir, nadir, mayor, martyr, which, with 
respect to sound, might be written, friur, liur, clix- 
ur, nadur, mayur,inarrur. (98.) ' These inaccuracies in 
pronunciation,' says an ingenious writer, ' we seem to 
ha\e derived from our Saxon ancestors. Dr. Hicks ob- 
serves in the first chapter of his Saxon Grammar, that 
" Comparative, apud eos (Anglo-Saxones) indifferenter 
exeunt in ar, a-r, er, ir, or, ur, yr ; et Superlative in 
ast, ccst, est, ist, ost, ust, yst ; participia praesentis 
temporis in and, and, end, ind, ond, uiid, ynd ; prae- 
teriti vero in ad. (ed, id, od, tid, yd : pro vario scilicet 
vel 3?vi vel loci dialecto." Upon various other occa- 
sions also they used two or more vowels and diph- 
thongs indifferently ; and this not always from differ- 
ence of age or place, because these variations are fre- 
quently found in the same page. This will account 
for the difference between the spelling and pronunci- 
ation of such anomalous words as busy and bury, now 
pronounced as if written bisy and bery, (the i and e 
having their common short sound,) and formerly spelt 
indifferently with e, u, or y.' Essay on the Harmony 
of Language. Robson, 1774. 

419. There is a distinction in the sound of this let- 
ter, scarcely ever noticed by any of our writers on the 

" nil 
taoce; and that is, the rough and smooth r. Ben J 
son, in his Grammar, says it is sounded firm in the 
beginning of words, and more liquid in the middle and 
ends, as in rarer, riper ; and so in the Latin. The 
rough r is formed by jarring the tip of the tongue 
against the roof of the mouth near the fore teeth : 
the smooth r is a vibration of the lower part of the 
tongue, near the root, against the inward region of 
the palate, near the entrance of the throat. This lat- 
ter r is that which marks the pronunciation of En- 
gland, and the former that of Ireland. In England, 
and particularly in London, the r in lard, bard, card, 
regard, &c. is pronounced so much in the throat as 
to be little more than the middle or Italian a, length- 
ened into laud, baad, caad, regaad : while in Ireland 
the r, in these words, is pronounced with so strong 
a jar of the tongue against the fore part of the pa- 
late, and accompanied with such an aspiration or strong 
breathing at the beginning of the letter, as to produce 
that harshness we call the Irish accent. But if this 
letter is too forcibly pronounced in Ireland, it is often 
too feebly sounded in England, and particularly in Lon- 
don, whore it is sometimes entirely sunk- and it may. 
perhaps, be worthy of observation, that provided we 
avoid a loo forcible pronunciation of the r, when it 
ends a word, or is followed by a consonant, in the same 
syllable, we may give as much force as we please to 
this letter at the beginning of a word, without pro- 
ducing any harshness to the ear : thus Rome, river, 
rage, may have the r as forcible as in Ireland ; but 
bar, bard, card, hard, &c. must have it nearly as soft 
as in London. 



tropolis, basis, chaos, tripos, pus, chorus, Cyprus, &c 
have the final s pronounced sharp .and hissing. 

424. Agreeably to this rule, the numerous termina- 
tions in ous, as pious, superfluous, &.c. have the s sharp, 
and are pronounced exactly like the pronoun us s and 
every double a- in the language is pronounced in the 
same manner, except in the words dissolve, possess, 
and their compounds, scissors, hussy, and hussar. 
| 4 - 25. S, in the inseparable preposition dis, when cither 
the primary or secondary accent is on it, (522,) is al- 
I ways pronounced sharp and hissing : the word dismal, 
which seems to be an exception, is not so in reality ; 
! for, in this word, dis is not a preposition : thus disso 
lute, dissonant, &lc. with the primary accent on dis , 
and disability, disagree, &c. with the secondary ac- 
cent on the same letters, have the s sharp and hiss- 
ing ; but when the accent is on the second syllable, 
the * is cither sharp or flat, as it is followed either 
by a vowel, or a sharp or flat consonant ; thus dis- 
j able, disaster, disease, disinterested, dishonest, disor- 
\ der, disuse, have all of them the s in dis flat like 
i z, because the accent is not on it, and a vdwel be- 
gins the next syllable; but discredit, disfavour, dis- 
Icindmess, dispense, distaste, have the s sharp and 
hissing, because a sharp consonant begins the succeed- 
ing accented syllable ; and disband, disdain, disgrace, 
disjoin, disvalve, have the s flat like z, because they 
are succeeded by a flat consonant in the same situa- 
tion. (435.) 

426. S, in the inseparable preposition mis, is always 
sharp and hissing, whether the accent be on it or not; 

j or whether it be followed either by a vowel or a sharp 

i or flat consonant, as miscreant, misairn, misapply, 

subject, which is, in my opinion, of no small impor- [j misordcr, misuse, misbegot, misdeem, misgovern, etc. 

See the prefix Mis. 

427. S, followed by e in the final syllable of adjec- 
tives, is always sharp and hissing, as base, obese, pre- 
cise, concise, globose, verbose, morbose, pulicosc, tenc- 
bricose, corticose, jocose, oleose, rugose, desidiose, close, 
siliculose, calculose, tunnilose, animosc, venenose, are- 
nose, siliginosc, crinose, loose, operose, morose, edema- 
tose, comatose, acetose, aquose, siliquose, actuosc, dif- 
fuse, profuse, occluse, recluse, abstruse, obtuse, except 
wise and other guise, and the pronominal adjectives 
these and those. 

428. S, in the adjective termination sive, is always 
sharp and hissing, as suasive, persuasive, assuasive, 
dissuasive, adhesive, cohesive, decisive, precisive, inci- 
sive, derisive, cicatrisive, visive, plausive, abusive, 
diffusive, infusive, inclusive, conchisive, exclusive, elu- 
sive, delusive, prelusive, allusive, illusive, collusive, 
amusive, obtrusive, &cc. 

429. .S, in the adjectives ending in sory, is always 
sharp and hissing, as suasory, persuasory, decisoi-y, 

\ derisory, delusory, &c. 

430. The same may be observed of s in the adjeo 
tivc-s ending in some, as troublesome, &c. and substan 
tives in osity, as generosity, &c. 

431. Se, preceded by the liquids I, n, or r, has the s 
sharp and hissing, as pulse, appulse, dense, tense, <?♦- 
tense, sense, verse, adverse, &c. except clean?;. 



S pronounced like 



420. As the former letter was a jar, this is a hiss ; 
but a hiss which forms a much more definite and 
complete consonant than the other. This consonant, 
like the other mutes, has a sharp and a flat sound ; 
the sharp sound is heard in the name of the letter, 
and in the words same, sin, this ; the flat sound is 
that of z, heard in is, his, teas : and these two sounds, 
accompanied by the aspirate, or h, form all the vari- 
eties found under this letter. (41.) 

421. S has always its sharp hissing sound at the be- 
ginning of words, as soon, sin, &c. and when it im- 
mediately follows any of the sharp mutes,/', k, p, t, 
as scoffs, blocks, hips, pits, or when it is added to the 
mute e after any of these letters, as strifes, flakes, pipes, 
mites. 

422. S is sharp and hissing at the end of the mono- 
syllables yes, this, us, thus, gas ; and at the end of 
words of two or more syllables, if it be preceded by 
any of the vowels but e, and forms a distinct syllable": 
thus es in pipes and mites do not form a distinct sylla- 
ble ; and as they are preceded by a sharp mute, the s 
is sharp likewise: but in prices these letters form a 
syllable, and the s is pronounced like z, according to 
the general rule. 

423. The only exceptions to this rule, are the words, 



432. S has always its flat buzzing sound, as it may 
be called, when it immediately follow:; any of the 
flat mutes b, d, g hard, or v\ as ribs, heads, ran-s, 
sieves. (24.) 
| 433. S is pronounced like ;, when it forms an addi- 
tional syllable with e before it, in the plurals of 
nouns, and the third person singular of verbs ; even 
though the singulars and the first persons end in sharp 
hissing sounds, as asses, riches, cages, boxes, &c/: 
thus prices and prizes have both "the final s flat, 
| though the preceding mute in the first word is sham 
(422.) 
j 434. As 5 is hissing, when preceded by a liquid, and 
t followed by e mute, as transe, tense, &c. ; so when 
jit follows any of the liquids without the e, it is pro- 
j nounced like 2, as morals, means, seems, hers. In the 
I same analogy, when s comes before any of the liquids, 
; it. has the sound of z, as cosmctick, dismal, pismire, 
I chasm, prism, theism, schism, and all polysyllables 
ending in asm, ism, os7n, or ysm. as eyithusias?n, Juda- 
ism, microcosm, paroxysm, &c. 

435. S, in the preposition dis, is either sharp or flatj 
as it is accented or unaccented, as explained above ; 
but it ought always to be pronounced like z, when 
it is not under the accent, and is followed by a flat 
mute, a liquid, or a vowel, as disable, disease, dis- 
order, disuse, disband, disdain, disgrace, disvalue, dis- 
join, dislike, dislodge, dismay, dismember, dismount, 
dismiss, disnatured, disrank, disrelish, disrobe. (425.) 
Mr. Sheridan, and hose orthoepists who have copied 



3b 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANT S. 



him, seem to have totally overlooked this tendency in 
the liquids to convert the s to z when this letter 
ends the first syllable without the accent, and the 
liquids begin the second syllable with it. 

436. S is pronounced like z, in the monosyllables as, 
is, his, was, these, those, and in all plurals whose 
singulars end in a vowel, or a vowel followed by e 
mute, as commas, operas, shoes, aloes, dues, and con- 
sequently when it follows the w or y, in the plurals 
of nouns, or the third persons singular of verbs, as 
ways, betrays, news, views, &c. 

437. Some verbs ending in se have the s like z, to dis- 
tinguish them from nouns or adjectives of the same form. 



Nouns. 



Verbs. 



Nouns. 



Verbs. 



grease 


to grease 


excuse 


to excuse 


close 


to close 


refuse 


to refuse 


house 


to house 


diffuse 


to diffuse 


mouse 


to mouse 


use 


to use 


louse 


to louse 


rise 


to rise 


abuse 


to abuse 


premise 


to premise. 



438. Sy and sey, at the end of words, have the s 
pronounced like z, if it has a vowel before it, with 
the accent on it, as easy, greasy, queasy, cheesy, dai- 
sy, misy % rosy, causey, noisy ; but if the accent is on 
the antepenultimate syllable, the s is sharp, as heresy, 
poesy, &o. if a sharp mute precede, the s is sharp, as 
tricksy, tipsy ; if a liquid precede, and the accent is 
on the penultimate syllable, the s is flat, as palsy, 
flimsy, clumsy, pansy, tansy, phrensy, quinsy, tolsey, 
whimsey, malmsey, jersey, kersey. Pursy has the 5 
sharp and hissing from its relation to purse, and min- 
strelsy and controversy have the antepenultimate and 
preantepenultimate accent : thus we see why busy, bousy, 
lousy, and drowsy, have the s like z, and jealousy the J 
sharp hissing s. 

439. S, in the termination sible, when preceded by a J 
vowel, is pronounced like z, as persuasible, risible, vi- I 
sible, divisible, infusible, conclusible ; but if a liquid 
consonant precede the s, the s then becomes sharp and 
hissing, as sensible, responsible, tensible, reversible, &c. 

440. S, in the terminations sary and sory, is sharp 
and hissing, as dispensary, adversary, suasory, persua- 
sory, derisory, incisory, derisory, dcpulsory, compulso- 
ry, incensory, compensory, suspensory, sensory, respon- 
sory, cursory, discursory, lusory, elusory, delusory, il- 
lusory, collusory. Rosary and misery, which have the 
s like z, are the only exceptions. 

441. S, in the termination ise, is pronounced like z, 
except in the adjectives before mentioned, and a few 
substantives, such as paradise, anise, rise, grise, ver- 
digrise, mortise, travise. 

442. S, in the terminations sal and sel, when pre- 
ceded by a vowel, is pronounced like z, as nasal, ousel, 
housel, nous el, reprisal, proposal, refusal, and sharp 
and hissing when preceded by a consonant, as men- 
sal, universal, &c. 

443. S, in the terminations son, sen, and sin, is pro- 
nounced like z, as reason, season, treason, cargason, 
diapason, orison, benison, venison, denison, foison, 
poison, prison, damson, crimson, chosen, resin, rosin, 
raisin, cousin. But the s in mason, basin, garrison, 
caparison, comparison v*son, and person, is sharp 
and hissing. (170.) 

444. S, after the inseparable prepositions pre and 
pro, is sharp, as in presage, preside, presidial, pre- 
seance, presension, prosecute, prosecution, prosody, pro- 
sopopeia, but flat like z in presence, president, presi- 
dency, presume, presumptive, presumption ,• but where 
the pre is prefixed to a word which is significant 
when alone, the s is always sharp, as pre-sxippose, 
pre-surmise, &c. 

445. S, after the inseparable preposition re, is al- 
most always pronounced like z, as resemble, resent, 
resentment, reserve, reservation, reservoir, residue, 
resident, residentiary, reside, resign, resignment, re- 
signation, resilience, resiliency, resilition, resin, re- 
sist, resistance, resolve, resolution, resolute, result, re- 
sume, resumption, resurrection. 

446. S is sharp after re in resuscitation, resupina- 
tion, &x. and when the word added to it is signifi- 
cant by itself, as research, resiege, reseat, resurvey. 
Thus to resign, with the s like z, signifies to yield 
up; but to re-sign, to sign again, has the .? sharp as 
in simi t so to resound, to reverberate, has the s like 
z ,• hut to re-sound, to sound again, has the s sharp 
and hissing. 

447. Thus we see, after pursuing this letter through 
all its combinations, how difficult it often is to de- 
cide by analogy, when we are to pronounce it sharp 
and hissing, and when fiat like z. In many cases it 
is of no great importance: in others it is the dis- 
tinctive mark of a vulgar or a polite pronunciation. 
Thus design is never heard with the 5 like z but 



among the lowest order of the people ; and yet there 
is not the least reason from analogy why we should 
not pronounce it in this manner, as well as in resign .- 
the same may be observed of preside and desist, which 
have the s sharp and hissing ; and reside and resist, 
where the same letter is pronounced like z. It may, 
however, be remarked, that re has the s like z after 
it more regularly than any other of the prefixes. 

448. It may, perhaps, be worthy of observation, that 
though a- becomes sharp or flat, as it is followed by 
a sharp or flat consonant, or a liquid, as cosmetick, 
dismal, disband, disturb, &c. yet it it follows a liquid 
or a flat consonant, except iu the game syllable, it 
is generally sharp. Thus the s in tubs, suds, &c. is 
like z ; but in subserve, subside, subsist, it is sharp 
and hissing: and though it is flat in absolve, i. is 
sharp in absolute and absolution ; but if a sharp con- 
sonant precede, the s is always sharp and hissing, as 
tipsy, tricksy : thus in the pronunciation of the word 
Glasgow, as the 5 is always sharp and hissing, we 
find the g invariably slide into its sharp sound k ; 
and this word is always heard as if written Olas- 
kow. We see, therefore, that a preceding sharp con- 
sonant makes the succeeding s sharp, but not inversely. 

449. S is always sharp and hissing when followed 
by c, except in the word discern. 

S aspirated, or sounding like sh, or zh. 

450. S, like its fellow dental t, becomes aspirated, 
and goes either into the sharp sound sh, or the flat 
sound zh, when the accent is on the preceding vow- 
el, and it is followed by a semi-consonant diphthong, 
as nauseate, or a diphthongal vowel, as pleasure, pro- 
nounced nausheate and plezhure. (195.) 

451. S, in the termination sion, preceded by a vow- 
el, goes into the flat aspiration zh, as evasion, cohe- 
sion, decision, confusion, pronounced evazhion, &c. ; 
but when it is preceded by a liquid or another s, it 
has the sharp aspiration sh, as expulsion, dimension, 
reversion, pronounced expulshion, &.c. 

452. The same may be observed of s before u ; when 
a vowel precedes the s, with the accent on it, the s 
goes into the flat aspiration, as pleasure, measure, 
treasure, rasure, pronounced plezhure, &c. ; but when 
preceded by a liquid, or another s, it is sounded sh, 
as sensual, censure, tonsure, pressure, pronounced sen- 
shual, censhure, &c. 

453. From the clearness of this analogy, we may 
perceive the impropriety of pronouncing Asia with 
the sharp aspiration, as if written Ashia ; when, by 
the foregoing rule, it ought undoubtedly to be pro- 
nounced Azhia, rhyming with Arpasia, euthanasia, &c. 
with the flat aspiration of z. This is the Scotch 
pronunciation of this word, and unquestionably the 
true one : but if I mistake not, Persia is pronounced 
in Scotland' with the same aspiration of s, and as if 
written Perzhia ; which is as contrary to analogy as 
the other is agreeable to it. 

454. The tendency of the s to aspiration before a 
diphthongal sound has produced several anomalies in 
the language, which can only be detected by recur- 
ring to first principles : for which purpose it may bo 

necessary to observe, that the accent or stress " ■- 

rally preserves the letters in their true sound ; and as 
feebleness naturally succeeds force, so the letters, im- 
mediately after the stress, have a tendency to slide 
into different sounds, which require less exertion of 
the organs. Hence the omission of one of the vow- 
els in the pronunciation of the last syllable of foun- 
tain, mountain, captain, &c. (208) : hence the short 
sound of i in respite, servile, &c. hence the s pro- 
nounced like z in disable, where the accent is on the 
second syllable ; and like s sharp and hissing, in dis- 
ability, where there is a secondary stress on the first 
syllable ; and hence the difference between the x in 
exercise, and that in exert ; the former having the ac- 
cent on it, being pronounced cks, as if the word were 
written ecksercisc ; and the latter without the ac- 
cent, pronounced gz, as if the word were writ- 
ten egzert. This analogy leads us immediately to 
discover the irregularity of sure, sugar, and their 
compounds, which are pronounced shure and shugar 7 
though the accent is on the first syllable, and ought 
to preserve the s without aspiration : and a want of 
attending to this analogy has betrayed Mr; Sheridan 
into a series of mistakes in the sound of » in the 
words suicide, presume, resume, &c. as if written shoo- 
icide, pre-zhoom, re-zhoom, &c. but if this is the true; 
pronunciation of these words, it may be asked, why 
are not suit, suitable, pursue, &c. to be pronounced 
shoot, shoot-able, pur-shoo? If it be answered, Custom ; 
I own. this decides the question at once. Let us on- 
ly be assured, that the best speakers pronounce a like 
o, and that is the true pronunciation : but those wb^ 



DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS T AND TH. 



37 



see analogy so openly violated, ought to be assured 
of the certainty of the custom before they break through 
all the laws of language to conform to it. (69) (71.) 
See Supcrable. 

455. We have seen, in a great variety of instances, 
the versatility of s, how frequently it slides into the 
sound of x; but my observation greatly fails me if it 
ever takes the aspiration, unless it immediately fol- 
lows the accent, except in the words sure, sugar, and 
their compounds ; and these irregularities are suffi- 
cient, without adding to the numerous catalogue we 
have already seen under this letter. 

456. The analogy we have just been observing directs 
us in the pronunciation of usury, tisurer, and usuri- 
ous. The two first have the accent on the first syl- 
lable, which permits the s to go into aspiration, as 
if the words were written uzhury, and uzhurcr ! but 
the accent being on the second w in the last word, 
the .>• is prevented from going into aspiration, and is 
pronounced uiurious. (479) (480). 

4.". Though the ss in passion, mission, &c. belong 
to separate syllables, as if spelt passion, mission, &c. 
yet the accent presses the first into the same aspira- 
tion as the last, and they are both pronounced with 
the sharp aspirated hiss, as if they were but one s. 
See Exaggerate. 

458. S is silent in isle, island, aisle, demesne, puisne, 
viscount, and at the end of some words from the 
French, as pas, sous, vis-avis ; and in corps the two last 
.etters are silent, and the word pronounced core. (412.) 



459. T is the sharp sound of D, (41) ; but though 
the latter is often changed into the former, the for- 
mer never goes into the latter. The sound to which 
this letter is extiemely prone is that of s. This sound 
of t has greatly multiplied the hissing in our own 
language, and has not a little promoted it in most 
modern tongues. That p and b, t and d, k and g 
hard, s and z, should slide into each other, is not 
surprising, as they are distinguished only by a nice 
shade of" sound ; but that t should alter "to s seems a 
most violent transition, till we consider the organick 
formation of these letters, and of those vowels which 
always occasion it. If we attend to the formation 
of t, we shall find that it is a stoppage of the breath 
by the application of the upper part of the tongue 
near the end, to the correspondent part of the palate, 
and that if we just detach the tongue from the pa- 
late, sufficiently to let the breath pass, a hiss is pro- 
duced which forms the letter s. Now the vowel that 
occasions this transition of t to * is the squeezed 
sound of e, as heard in y consonant, (8) : which squeez- 
ed sound is a species of hiss ; and this hiss, from 
the absence of accent, easily slides into s, and s as 
easily into sh : thus mechanically is generated that 
hissing termination tion, which forms but one sylla- 
ble, as if written shun. (195.) 

460. But it must be carefully remarked, that this 
hissing sound, contracted by the t before certain diph- 
thongs, is never heard but after the accent: when 
the accent falls on the vowel immediately after the t, 
this letter, like s or c in the same situation, preserves 
its simple sound : thus the c in social goes into sh, 
because the accent is on the preceding vowel ; but it 
preserves the simple sound of s in society, because 
the accent is on the succeeding vowel. The same 
analogy is obvious in satiate and satiety ; and is 
perfectly agreeable to that difference made by accent 
in the sound of other letters. (71). See Satiety. 

461. As the diphthongs ia, ie, io, or iu, when com- 
ing after the accent, have the power of drawing the 
t into sh. so the diphthongal vowel u, in the same 
situation, has a similar power. If we analyze the u, 
we shall find it commence with the squeezed sound 
of e, equivalent to the consonant y, (39). This letter 
produces the small hiss before taken notice of, (459), 
and which may be observed in the pronunciation of 
nature, and borders so closely on n a tshur, that it is 
no wonder Mr. Sheridan adopted this latter mode of 
spelling the word to express its sound. The only 
fault of Mr. Sheridan in depicting the sound of this 
word, seems to be that of making the u short, as in 
bur, cur, &c. as every correct ear must perceive an 
elegance in lengthening the sound of the u, and a 
vulgarity in shortening it. The true pronunciation 
seems to lie between both. 

462. But Mr. SheridsrVs greatest fault seems to lie 
in not attending to the nature and influence of the 
accent : and because nature, creature, feature, fortune, 
'misfortune, &c. have the t pronounced like ch, or tsh, 
as if written crea-chure, fea-tshure, &c. he has ex- 
tended this change of t into tch, or tsh to the word 
tune, and its compounds, tutor, tutoress, tutorage, tu- 



telage, tutelar, tutelary, &c. tumult, tumour, &c. which 
he spells tshoon, tshoon-eble, &c. tshoo-tur, tshoo-triss, 
tshoo-tur-idih, tshoo-tel-idih, tshoo-tel-er tshoo-tel-er-y, 
&c. tshoo-mult, tshoo-mur, &c. Though it is evident, 
from the foregoing observations, that as the u is un- 
der the accent, the preceding t is preserved pure, and 
that the words ought to be pronounced as if written 
teictor, tewmult, tewmour, &c. and neither tshontur, 
tshoomult, tshoomur, as Mr. Sheridan writes them, nor 
tootur, toomult, toomour, as they are often pronounced 
by vulgar speakers. See Superable. 

463. Here, then, the line is drawn by analogy. When- 
ever t comes before these vowels, and the accent im- 
mediately follows it, the t preserves its simple sound, 
as in Miltiades, elephantiasis, satiety, &c. ; but when 
the accent precedes the t, it then goes into sh, tch, or 
tsh, as na-tshure or na-tchure, nashion, vir-tshue or 
vir-tchue, patient, &c. or nashion, pashent, &c. (464). 
In similar circumstances, the same may be observed of 
d, as arduous, hideous, &c. (293), (294), (376). Nor is 
this tendency of t before long u found only when the 
accent immediately precedes ; for we hear the same as- 
piration of this letter in spiritual, spirituous, signa- 
ture, ligature, forfeiture, as if written spiritshual, = spi- 
ritshuous, signatshure, ligatshure, forfeitshure, &c. 
where the accent is two syllables before these letters; 
and the only termination which seems to refuse this 
tendency of the t to aspiration is that in tude, as la- 
titude, longitude, multitude, &c. 

464. This pronunciation of t extends to every word 
where the diphthong or diphthongal sound commences 
with i or e, except in the terminations of verbs and 
adjectives, which preserve the simple in the augment, 
without suffering the t to go into the hissing sound, 
as / pity, thou pitiest, he pities, or pitied, mightier, 
worthier, twentieth, thirtieth, &c. This is agreeable 
to the general rule, which forbids the adjectives or 
verbal terminations to alter the sound of the primi- 
tive verb or noun. See No. 381. But in the words 
bestial, celestial, frontier, admixtion, &c. where the s, 
z, or n precedes the t, this letter is pronounced like 
tch, or tsh, instead of sh, (291), as bes-tchial, c.eles-tchi- 
al, fron-tcheer, admix-tchion, Sec. ; as also when the t 
is followed by eou, whatever letter precede, as righte- 
ous, piteous, plenteous, &c. pronounced righ-tcheous, 
pit-cheous, plen-tcheous, &c. The same may be ob- 
served of t when succeeded by uou, as unctuous, pre- 
sumptuous, &c. pronounced ung-tchuous, presump-tchu- 
ous, &.c. See the words. 

TH. 

465. This lisping sound, as it may be called, is al- 
most peculiar to the English. (41), (50), (469). The 
Greek © was certainly not the sound we give it: like 
its principal letter, it has a sharp and a flat sound ; 
but these are so little subject to rule, that a cata- 
logue will, perhaps, be the best guide. 

466. 77i, at the beginning of words, is sharp, as 
in thank, think, &c. except in the following words : 
This, that, than, the, thee, their, them, then, thence, 
there, these, they, thine, thither, those, thou,' though, 
thus, thy, and their compounds. 

467. Th, at the end of words, is sharp, . as death, 
breath, &c. except in beneath, booth, icith ; and the 
verbs to wreath, to loath, to v.ncloath, to seeth, to 
smooth, to sooth, to mouth .- all which ought to be 
written with the e final ; not only to distinguish 
some of them from the nouns, but "to show that th 
is soft ; for though th, when final, is sometimes pro- 
nounced soft, as in to loath, to mouth, &c. yet the 
at the end of words is never pronounced hard. " There 
is as obvious an analogy for this sound of the th in 
these verbs, as for the z sound of s in verbs ending 
in se (437) ; and why we should write some verbs 
with e, and others without it, is inconceivable. The 
best way to show the absurdity of our orthography 
in this particular, will be to draw out the noun's 
and verbs as they stand in Johnson's Dictionary. 



Adjectives and nouns. 


Verbs. 


breath, 


to breathe. 


wreath, 


to wreath, to inwreathe. 


loath, 


to loathe. 


cloth, 


to cloathe, to uncloath. 


bath, 


to bathe. 


smooth, 


to smooth. 


mouth, 


to mouth. 


swath, 


to swathe. 


sheath, 


( to sheath. 
( to sheathe. 


sooth, 


to sooth. 



Surely nothing can be more evident than the analo- 



38 DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS T, V, W, X, Y, AND Z. 



gy of the language in this case. Is it not absurd to hesi- 
tate a moment at writing all the verbs with the e final .' 
This is a departure from our great lexicographer, which 
he himself would approve, as nothins but inadvertency 
could have led him into this unmeaning irregularity. — 
It may not be improper to observe here, that those sub- 
stantives which in the singular end with th sharp adopt 
the th flat in the plural, as path, paths ; bath, baths, &c. 
Such a propensity is there to slide into the flat sound of s, 
that we frequently hear this sound in the genitive case, 
as My wiv&s portion, for my wife's portion. In the same 
manner we hear of paying so much for home-rent and 
taxes, instead of house-rent and taxes ; and shopkeepers 
tell ts they have goods of all prizes, instead of all prices. 
Nay, some go so tar as to pronounce the plural of truth, 
17-iitus ; but this must be carefully avoided. 

468. Th is hard in the middle of words, either when 
it precedes or follows a consonant, as panther, nepenthe, 
orthodox, orthography, orthoepy, thwart, athwart, ethnick 
misanthrope, philanthropy, &c. except brethren, farthing, 
farther^ northern, worthy, burthen, murther, where the 
th is flat; but the two last words are better written bur- 
den and murder. 

469. Th between two vowels is generally soft in words 
purely English, as father, feather, heathen, hither,thither, 
whither, whether, either, neither, weather, wether, wither, 
gather, together, pother, mother. 

470. Th between two vowels, in words from the learn- 
ed languages, is generally hard, as apathy, sympathy, an- 
tipathy, Athens, atheist, authentick, author, authority, 
athirst, catharlick, cathedral, cathoiick, catheter, ether, 
ethicks, lethargy, Lethe, leviathan, litharge, lithotomy, 
■mathesis, matheinaticks, method, pathetick, plethora, 
polymathy, prothonotary, anathema, amethyst, theatre, 
amphitheatre, apothecary, apotheosis. 

471. Th is sometimes pronounced like simple t, as 
Thomas, thyme, Thames, asthma, phthisis, phthisick, 

phthisical, and is silent in twelfthlide, pronounced twclf- 
tide. 

T silent. 

Al% T is silent when preceded by s, and followed by 
the abbreviated terminations enz.nd.le, as hasten, chasten, 
fasten, listen, glisten, christen, moisten, which are pro- 
nounced as if written hace'n, chace'n, &c. ; in bursten the t 
is heard : so castle, nestle, trestle, wrestle, thistle, whistle, 
epistle, bristle, gristle, jostle, apostle, throstle, bustle, 
justle, rustle, are pronounced as if written cassle, nesslc, 
<&c. ; in pestle, the t is pronounced ; in often, fasten, and 
soften, the t is silent, and at the end of several words 
from the French, as trait, gout, (taste,) eclat. In the 
first of these words the t begins to be pronounced ; in the 
last, it has been sometimes heard ; but in the second, 
never. Toupet is more frequently written toupee, and is 
therefore not irregular. In billet-doux the t is silent, as 
well as in hautboy. The same silence of t may be ob- 
served in the English words, Christmas, chestnut, mort- 
gage, ostler, bankruptcy, and in the second syllable of 
mistletoe. In currant and currants the t is always mute. 
See Nos. 102, 103, 405. 

V. 

473. y is flat /, and bears the same relation to it as b 
does to p, d to t, hard g to It, and z to s (41.) It is never 
irregular: and if ever silent, it is in the word twelvemonth, 
where both that letter and the e, are, in colloquial pro- 
nunciation, generally dropped, as if written tweVmonth. 

W initial. 

474. That w at the beginning of a word is a consonant, 
has been proved already. (9) (59.) It is always silent 
before r, as in wrack, wrangle, torap, wrath, wreak, 
wreath, wreck, wren, wrench, wrest, wrestle, wretch, 
wriggle, wright, wring, wrinkle, wrist, write, writhe, 
wrong, wrought, wry, awry, bewray, and before h and 
the vowel e, when long, as whole, who, &.c. pronounced 
hole, hoo, <fec. 

475. W before h is pronounced as if it were after the 
h, as hoo-y, why, hooen, when, &c. ; but in whole, whoop, 
&c. the single and double o coalescing with the same 
sound in w, this last, letter is scarcely perceptible. In 
swoon, however, this letter is always heard ; and pro- 
nouncing it soon is vulgar. In sword and answer it is 
always silent. In two it mingles with its kindred sound, 
and the number two is pronounced like the adverb too. In 
the prepositions toward and touiards the id is dropped, as 
if written toard and toards, rhyming with hoard and 
hoards ; but in the adjectives and adverbs toward and 
towardly, froward and froicardly, the w is heard dis- 
tinctly. It is sometimes dropped in the last syllable of 
awkward, as if written awkard; but this pronunciation 
is vulgar. 



X. 

476. Xis a letter composed of those which nave been 
already considered, and therefore will need but little dis- 
cussion. (48) (51.) It is flat or sharp like its component 
letters, and is subject to the same laws. 

477. X has a sharp sound like ks, when it ends a sylla- 
ble with the accent upon it, as exercise, excellence, &cc. 
or when the accent is on the next syllable, if it begin 
with a consonant, as excuse, expense, &c. .(71.) 

478. X has its flat sound like <rz, when the accent is 
not on it, and the following syllable having the accent 
begins with a vowel, as exert, example, exist, &c. pro- 
nounced egiert, egzamplc, egzist, &c. The same sound 
may be observed it A follow, as in exhibit, exhale, fcc. pro- 
nounced egihibit, egzhale ; but if the secondary accent be 
on the x, as in the polysyllabic exhibition, exhalation, <fcc. 
this letter is then sharp, as in exercise (71;) but in com- 
pound words where the primitive ends in x, this letter re- 
tains its primitive sound, as fixation, taxation, vexation, 
vexatious, relaxation, &c. ; to which we may add the sim- 
ples in our language, doxology and proximity ; so that 
this propensity of x to become egz, seems confined to the 
inseparable preposition. 

479. X, like s, is aspirated, or takes the sound of h 
after it, only when the accent is before it. Hence the 
difference between luxury and luxurious; anxious and 
anxiety : in the true pronunciation of which words, 
nothing will direct us but recurring to first principles. 
It was observed that s is never aspirated, or pronounced 
like sh, but. when the accent is on the preceding syllable 
(450;) and that when the accent is on the succeeding 
vowel, though the s frequently is pronounced like z, it is 
never sounded zh ; from which premises we may conclude, 
that luxury and luxurious, ought to be pronounced luck- 
shury and lugzurious, and not lug-zho-ryus, as Mr. She- 
ridan spells it. The same errour runs through his pro- 
nunciation of all the compounds, luxuriance, luxuriant, 
luxuriate, Sec. which unquestionably ought to be pro- 
nounced lug-zu-ri-ance, lug-zu-r i-ant, lug-zu-ri-atc, <fcc. 
in four syllables, and not in three only, as they are divided 
in his Dictionary. 

480. The same principles will lead us to decide in the 
words anxious and anxiety : as the accent is before the 
x in the first word, it is naturally divisible into ank-sious, 
and as naturally pronounced ank-shus ; but as the accent 
is after the x in the second word, and the hissing sound 
cannot be aspirated (456.) it must necessarily be pro- 
nounced ang-ziety. But Mr. Sheridan, without any re- 
gard to the "component letters of these words, or the dif- 
ferent position of the accent, has not only spelled them 
without aspiration, but without letting the 6, in the com- 
position of the last word, go into z ; for thus they stand 
in his Dictionary: ank-si/us, ank-si-c-ty. (456.) 

481. The letter x, at the beginning of words, goes into 
-, as Xerxes, Xenophon, &c. pronounced Zcrkses, Zeno- 
phon, &c. ; it is silent at. the end of the French billet-doux, 
and pronounced like s in beaux ; often and better written 
beaus. 

Y initial. 

482. Y, as a consonant, has always the same sound; 
and this has been sufficiently described in ascertaining 
its real character (40) ; when it is a vowel at the end of a 
word or syllable with the accent upon it, it is sounded " 
exactly like the first sound of i, as cy-dcr. ty-rant, rc-ply, 
&c. ; hut at the end of a word or syllable, without the ac- 
cent, it. is pronounced like the first sound of e as liberty, 
fury, tenderly, &.c. 

z. 

483. Z is the flat 5, and bears the same relation to it 
as b does to;>, d to t, hard gio k, and v to/. Its common 
name is izzard, which Dr."Johnson explains into s hard ; 
if, however, this be the meaning, it is a gross misnomer ; 
for the z is not the hard, but the soft s .•* but as it has a 
less sharp, and therefore not so audible a sound, it is not 
impossible but it may mean s surd. Zed, borrowed from, 
the French, is the more fashionable name of this letter; 
but, in my opinion, not to be admitted, because the names 
of the 'etters ought to have no diversity. 

484. Z, like s, goes into aspirat ion before a diphthong, 
or a diphthongal vowel after the accent, as is heard in 
vizier, glazier, grazier, &lc. pronounced vizh-i-er, glazh- 



* Professor Ward, speaking of the reason for doubling 
the s at the end of words, says, "s doubled retains its 
proper force, which, when single at the end of words, is 
softened into z, as his, hiss." And Dr. Wallis tells us, 
that it is almost certain when a noun has s hard in the 
last syllable, and becomes a verb, that in the latter case 
the s becomes soft, as a house is pronounced with the 
hard s, and to house with the s soft. 



OF THE NATURE OF ACCENT. 



i-er, grazh-t-er, &c. Tho same may be observed of azure, 
raiure, &c. 

485. Z is silent in the French word rendezvous ; and 
is pronounced in the Italian manner, as if t were before 
it, i.i mezzotinto, as if written metzotinto. 

Thus have we endeavoured to exhibit a just idea of the 
principles of pronunciation, both with respect to single 
letters, and their various combinations into syllables and 
words. The attentive reader must have observed how 
much the sounds of the letters vary, as they are differently 
associated, and how much the pronunciation of these as- 
sociations depends upon the position 01 the accent. This 
is a point of the utmost importance, and a want of attend- 
in" .J it has betrayed several ingenious men into the 
grossest absurdities". This will more fully appear in the 
observations on accent, which is the next point to be 
considered. 

OF THE NATURE OF ACCENT. 

486. The accent of the ancients is the opprobrium of 
modern criticism. Nothing can show more evidently the 
fallibility of the human faculties than the total ignorance 
we are in at present of the nature of the Latin and Greek 
accent.* This would be still more surprising if a phe- 
nomenon of a similar kind did not daily present itself to 
our view. The accent of the English language, which is 
constantly sounding in our ears, and every moment open 
to investigation, seems as much a mystery as that accent 
which is removed almost two thousand years from our 
view. Obscurity, perplexity, and confusion, run through 
every treatise on the subject, and nothing could be so 
hopeless as an attempt to explain it, did not a circum- 
stance present itself, which at once accounts for the con- 
fusion, and affords a clew to lead us out of it. 

487. Not one writer on accent has given us such a de- 
finition of the voice as acquaints us with its essential 
properties: they speak of high and low, loud and soft, 
quick and slow, but they never once mention that striking 
property which distinguishes speaking from singing 
sounds, and which, from its sliding from high to low, and 
from low to high, may not improperly be called the inflec- 
tion of the voice. No wonder, when writers left this out 
of the account, that they should blunder about the nature 
of accent ; it was impossible they should do otherwise ; so 
partial an idea of the speaking voice must necessarily 
lead them into errour. But let us once divide the voice 
into its rising and falling inflections, the obscurity va- 
nishes, and accent becomes as intelligible as any other 
part of language. 

488. Keeping this distinction in view, let us compare 
the accented syllable with others, and we shall find this 
general conclusion may be drawn: " The accented sylla- 
ble is always louder than the rest: but when it has the 
rising inflection, it is higher than the preceding, and lower 
than the succeeding syllable; and when it has the falling 
inflection, it is pronounced higher as well as louder than 
the other syllables, either preceding or succeeding." The 
only exception to this rule is : " when the accent is on the 
last syllable of a word which has no emphasis, and which 
is the concluding word of a discourse." Those who wish 
to see this clearly demonstrated, may consult Elements 
of Elocution, second edition, page 181. On the present 
occasion it will be sufficient to observe, that the stress 
we call accent is as well understood as is necessary for 
the pronunciation of single words, which is the object of 
this treatise; and therefore, considering accent merely as 
stress, we shall proceed to make some remarks on its 
proper position in a word, and endeavour to detect some 
errours in the use and application of it. 

The different Positions of the English Accent. 

489. Accent, in its very nature, implies a comparison 
with other syllables less forcible: hence we may conclude 
that monosyllables, properly speaking, have no accent: 
when they are combined with other monosyllables and 
form a phrase, the stress which is laid upon one, in pre- 
ference to others, is called emphasis. As emphasis evi- 
dently points out the most significant word in a sentence, 
so, where other reasons do not forbid, the accent always 
dwells with greatest force on that part of the word which, 
from its importance, the hearer has always the greatest 
occasion to observe : and this is necessarily the root, or 
body of the word. But as harmony of termination fre- 
quently attracts the accent from the root to the branches 
of words, so the first and most natural law of accentua- 
tion seems to operate less in fixing the stress than any of 
the other. Our own Saxon terminations, indeed, with 
perfect uniformity, leave the principal part of the word 
in quiet possession of what seems its lawful property 
(501;) but Latin and Greek terminations, of which our 

* See Observations on the Greek and Latin Accent and 
Quantity, at the end of the Key to the Classical Pronun- 
ciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names. 



language is full, assume a right of preserving their ori- 
ginal accent, and subjecting many of the wordii they 
bestow upon us, to their own classical laws. 

490. Accent, therefore, seems to be regulated, in a 
great measure, by etymology. In words from the Saxon, 
the accent is generally on tho root; in words from the 
learned languages, it is generally on the termination; 
and if* to these we add tho different accent we lay on 
some words, to distinguish them from others, we seem to 
have the three great principles of accentuation ; namely, 
the radical, the terminational, and the distinctive. 

Accent on Dissyllables: 

491. Every word of two syllables has necessarily one 
of them accented, and but one. It js true, for the sake of 
emphasis, we sometimes luy an equal stress upon two 
successive syllables, as di-rect, some-times ; but when 
these words are pronounced alone, they have never more 
than one accent. For want of attending to this distinc- 
tion, some writers have roundly asserted, that many dis- 
syllables have two accents, such as convoy, concourse, 
discord, shipwreck: in which, and similar instances, 
they confound the distinctness, with which the latter syl- 
lables are necessarily pronounced, with accentual force ; 
though nothing can be more different. Let us pronounce 
the last syllable of the noun torment as distinctly as we 
please, it will still be very different with respect to force 
from the same syllable in the verb to torment, where the 
accent is on it; and if we do but carefully watch our 
pronunciation, the same difference will appear in every 
word of two syllables throughout the language. The 
word Amen is the only word which is pronounced with 
two consecutive accents when alone. 

492. There is a peculiarity of accentuation in certain 
words of two syllables, which are both nouns and verbs, 
that is not unworthy of notice; the nouns having the ac- 
cent on the first syllable, and the verbs on the last. This 
seems an instinctive effort in the language, (if the expres- 
sion will be allowed rne) to compensate in some measure 
for the want of different terminations for these different 
parts of speech.* The words which admit of this diver- 
sity of accent, are the following : 



Nouns. 


Verbs. 


Object 


to abject 


absent 


to absent 


Abstract 


to abstract 


accent 


to accent 


affix 


to affix 


assign 


to assign 


augment 


to augment 


bombard 


to bombird 


cement 


to cement 


colleague 


to colleague 


collect 


to collect 


compact 


to com pic t 


compound 


to compound 


compress 


to compress 


concert 


to concert 


concrete 


to concrete 


conduct 


to conduct 


confine 


to confine 


conflict 


to conflict 


conserve 


to conserve 


consort 


to consort 


contest 


to contest 


contract 


to contract 


contrast 


to contrast 


convent 


to convent 


converse 


to converse 


convert 


to convert 


convict 


to convict 


convoy 


to convoy 


desert 


to desert 


discount 


to discount 



Nouns. 

descant 

digest 

essay 

export 

extract 

exile 

ferment 

frequent 

import 

incense 

insult 

object 

perfume 

permit 

prefix 

premise 

presage 

present 

produce 

project 

protest 

rebel 

record 

refuse 

subject 

survey 

torment 

tr&jcct 

transfer 

tiansport 

daribute 



Verbs. 
to descant 
to digest 
to essay 
to export 
to extract 
to exile 
to ferment 
to frequent 
t8 import 
to incense 
to insult 
to object 
to perfume 
to permit 
to prefix 
to premise 
to pres&ge 
to present 
to produce 
to project 
to protest 
to rebel 
to record 
to refuse 
to subject 
to survey 
to torment 
to traject 
to transfer 
to transport 
to attribute. 



493. To this analogy, some speakers are endeavouring 
to reduce the word contents ; which, when it signifies the 
matter contained in a book, is often heard with the accent 
on the first syllable: but though this pronunciation serves 
to distinguish words which are different in signification, 
and to give, in some measure, a difference of form to thi 



* It is not improbable that the verb, by receiving a par- 
ticipial termination, has inclined us to pronounce that 
part of speech with an accent nearer the end than we do 
the noun : for though we can without any difficulty pro- 
nounce the verb with the accent on the noun, we cannot 
so easily pronounce the participle and the adverb formed 
from it with that accent : thus we can pronounce to 
transport with the accent on the first syllable ; but not so 
easily transporting and trdnsportingly. This is a solid 
reason for the distinction, ; nd ought to induce us where 
we can to observe it. A sipulchre and to sipulchre seem 
to require it. See the word. 



40 ACCENT ON DISSYLLABLES, TRISYLLABLES, AND POLYSYLLABLES. 



noun and verb, in which our tongue is remarkably defi- 
cient, still it is doubtful whether this distinction be of 
any real advantage to the language. See Bowl. This 
diversity of accentuation seems to have place in some 
compound verbs. See Counterbalance and the subsequent 
words. 

494. Sometimes words have a different accent, as they 
are adjectives or substantives. 



Substantives. 
august, the month. 
c6 mpact 

champaign, wine 
exile, banishment 
gallant, a lover 
instinct 
invalid 

Levant, a place 
minute, of time 
supine, in grammar 



Adjectives. 
august, noble 
compact 

champaign, open 
exile, small 
gallant, bold 
instinct 
invalid 
levant, eastern 
minute, small 
supine, indolent. 



495. Sometimes the same parts of speech have a dif- 
ferent accent to mark a difference of signification, 

to conjure, to practise magick ; to conjure, to entreat 
desert, a wilderness desert, merit 

biiffet, a blow buffet, a cupboard 

sinister, insidious sinister, the left side. 

496. In this analogy some speakers pronounce the 
word Concordance with the accent on the first syllable, 
when it signifies a dictionary of the Bible ; and with the 
accent on the second, when it signifies agreement: but 
besides that, there is not the same reason for distinguish- 
ing nouns from each other, as there is nouns from verbs ; 
the accent on the first syllable of the word Concordance 
gives a harshness and poverty to its sound, which ought 
to be avoided. 

497. But though the different accentuation of nouns 
and verbs of the same form does not extend so far as 
might be expected, it is certain, that in words of two syl- 
lables, where the noun and verb are of different forms, 
there is an evident tendency in the language to place the 
accent upon the first syllable of the noun, and on the last 
of the verb. Hence the nouns outrage, upstart, and up- 
roar, have the accent on the first syllable ; and the verbs 
to uplift, to uphold, and to outstrip, on the last. 

498. This analogy will appear still more evident if we 
attend to the accent of those nouns and verbs which are 
compounded of two words. Every dissyllable compound- 
ed of words which, taken separately, have a meaning, 
maybe deemed a qualified substantive; and that word 
which qualifies or describes the other, is that which most 
distinguishes it, and consequently is that which ought to 
nave the accent : accordingly we find that inkhorn, out- 
rage, chairman, freehold, sand-box, book-case, pen-knife, 
have the accent on the first syllable, which is the speci- 
fying part of the word; while gainsay, foresee, overlook, 
undersell, have the accent on "the last syllable, which is 
the least distinguishing part of the word. This rule, 
iiowever, is, either by the caprice of custom, or the love 
of harmony, frequently violated, but is sufficiently exten- 
sive to mark the general tendency of the language. 
Akenside brings the verb to comment under this analogy : 

" The sober zeal 
" Of age, commenting on prodigious things." 

Pleasures of the Imagination. 

And Milton in the same manner the verb to commerce ; 

" And looks commercing with the skies, 

" Thy rapt soul sitting in thine eyes. 11 Penscroso. 

499. Something very analogous to this we find in the 
nouns we verbalize, by changing the s sharp of the noun 
snto the 5 flat, or z of the verb (437,) as a tise, and to use ; 
where we may remark, that when the word in both parts 
of speech is a monosyllable, and so not under the laws of 
accent, the verb, however, claims the privilege of length- 
ening the sound of the consonant, when it can, as well as 
when it cannot, prolong the accentuation : thus we not 
only find grass altered to graze, brass to braze, glass to 
glaze, price to prize, breath to breathe, &c. but the c or s 
sharp altered to the 5 flat in adv ice to advise, excuse to 
excuse, device to devise, &c. The noun adopting the 
sharp hissing sound, and the verb the soft buzzing one, 
without transferring the accent, from one syllable to 
another. The vulgar extend this analogy to the noun 
practice, and the verb to practise, pronouncing the first 
with the t short and the c like sharp s, as if written prac- 
tiss, and the last with the i long and the s like z, as if 
written practize ; but correct speakers pronounce the 
verb like the noun ; that is, as if written practiss. The 
noun prophecy and the verb to prophesy follow this ana- 
logy, only by writing the noun with the c and the verb 



with the s, and without any difference of sound, except 
pronouncing the y in the first like e, and in the last like i 
long ; where we may still discover a trace of the tendency 
to the barytone pronunciation in the noun, and the oxy- 
tone in the verb. (467.) See the words. 

500. This seems to be the favourite tendency of Eng- 
lish verbs; and where we find it crossed, it is generally in 
those formed from nouns, rather than the contrary : 
agreeably to this, Dr. Johnson has observed, that though 
nouns have often the accent on the latter, yet verbs have 
it seldom on the former syllable: those nouns which, in 
the common order of language, must have preceded the 
verbs, often transmit this accent to the verbs they form, 
and inversely : thus the noun water must have preceded 
the verb to water, as the verb to correspond must have 
preceded the noun correspondent ; and to pursue must 
claim priority to pursuit. So that we may conclude, 
whenever verbs deviate from this rule, it is seldom by 
chance, and generally in those words only where a supe- 
riour Jaw of accent takes place. 

Accent on Trisyllables. 

501. As words increase in syllables, the more easily is 
their accent known. Nouns sometimes acquire a syllable 
by becoming plural ; adjectives increase a syllable by be 
ing compared; and verbs, by altering their tense, or be 
coming participles: adjectives become adverbs, by adding 
ly to them ; and prepositions precede nouns or verbs with- 
out altering the accent of the word to which they are 
prefixed : so that when once the accent of dissyllables is 
known, those polysyllables, whose terminations are per- 
fectly English, have likewise their accent invariably set- 
tled. Thus lion becomes lioness; poet, poetess; polite 
becomes politer, or politely, or even politclier : mischief, 
mischievous; happy, happiness; nay, lioness becomes 
lionesses; mischief, mischievousness ; and service, ser- 
viceable, seroiceableness, serviceably, and unserviccably, 
without disturbing the accent, either on account of the 
prepositive un, or the subjunctives able, ably, and ableness. 

502. Hence we may perceive the glaring absurdity 
which prevails even in the first circles ; that of pronounc- 
ing the plural of princess, and even the singular, with the 
accent on the second syllable, like success and successes ; 
for we might just as well say, dutchess and dutchesses, as. 
princess and princesses ; nor would a correct ear be less 
hurt with the latter than with the former. 

503. So few verbs of three syllables follow the analogy 
observable in those of two, that of protracting the accent 
to the last syllable, that this ceconomy seems peculiar to 
dissyllables ; many verbs, indeed, of three syllables are 
compounded of a preposition of two syllables: and then, 
according to the primary law of formation, and not the 
secondary of distinction, we may esteem them radical, 
and not distinctive: such are contradict, intercede, su- 
persede, contraband, circujnscribe, superscribe, &c. while 
the generality of words ending in the verbal terminations 
ise and ize, retain the accent of the simple, as criticise, 
tyrannize, modernize, &c. : and the whole tribe of trisyl- 
lable verbs in ate, very few excepted, refuse the accent on 
the last syllable : but words of three syllables often take 
their accent from the learned languages from which they 
are derived ; and this makes it necessary to inquire how 
far English accent is regulated by that of the Greek and 
Latin. 

On the Influence of the Greek and Latin Accent, on 
the Accent of English Poly syllables. 

(a) As our language borrows so largely from the 
learned languages, it is not wonderful that its pronuncia- 
tion should be in some measure influenced by them. The 
rule for placing the Greek accent was, indeed, essentially 
different from that of the Latin; but words from the 
Greek, coming to us through the Latin, are often so much 
latinized as to lose their original accent, and to fall into 
that of the Latin: and it is the Latin accent which we 
must chiefly regard, as that which influences our own. 

(b) The first general rule that may be laid down is, 
that when words come to us whole from the Greek or 
Latin, the same accent ought to be preserved as in the 
original: thus horizon, sonorous, decorum, dictator, gla- 
diator,mediator,de> alor. spectator, adulator, (fee. preserve 
the penultimate accent of the original; and yet the ante- 
penultimate tendency of our language has placed the 
accent on the first syllable of orator, senator, auditor, 
cicatrix, plethora, &c. in opposition to the Latin pronun- 
ciation of these words, and would have infallibly done 
the same by abdomen, bitumen, and acumen, if the learned 
had not stepped in to rescue these classical words from 
the invasion of the Gothick accent, and to preserve the 
stress inviolably on the second syllable: nor has ever tne 
interposition of two consonants been always able to keep 
the accent from mounting up to the antepenultimate syl- 
lable, as we may see in minister, sinister, character, &c. 
and this may be said to be the favourite accent of our 
language. See Miscellany. 



ACCENT ON POLYSYLLABLES. 



41 



(c) But, notwithstanding this prevalence of tho ante- 
penultimate accent, the general rule still holds good; 
and more particularly in words a little removed from 
common usage, such as terms in tho arts and sciences: 
these are generally of Greek original ; but, coming to us 
through the Latin, most commonly contract the Latin 
accent, when adopted into our language. This will ap- 
pear plainly by the following lists : and, first, let us se- 
lect some where the Greek and Latin accents coincide : 



plethora, irXtjBupa, 
metabisis, (terdiiacii, 
emphasis, ifKpaan, 

antispasis, . avTiazacig, 
antithesis, avTtOecis, 



antiphrasis, avTtippaois, 

protasis, npdraoii, 

metathesis, perddecis, 

epenthesis, enivQeais, 

aphaeresis, acpatptas. 

(d) Another list will show us where the accents of 
these languages differ: 



antanacliisis 

catuchresis, 

paracentesis 

aposiopesis, 

antiptosis, 

anadiplosis, 

auxesis, 

mathesis, 

exegesis, 



avravdx^aais 

KardxpnwSi 

irapaK(VTTj<n$, 

airooiw-ijcris, 

avrirTuxns, 

UdOrjcis, 



hydrophobia, 

cyclopaedia, 

aporla, 

prosopopceia, 

epiphonGma, 

diaphoresis, 

diploma, 

parogoge, 

apostrophe, 



vcpocpofiia, 

a~opia, 
iroootjiirotroia, 
£7ri0wv^//a, 
8ia(j)6pnois, 

irapayuyi'i , 
ai:oo;Tpo<pfi- 



In this list w a , perceive the peculiar tendency of the 
Latin language, to accent the long pennltimato vowel ; 
and that of the Greek, to pay no regard to it, if the last 
vowel is short, but to place the accent on the antepenul- 
timate. It will, however, be easily perceived, that in 
this case we follow the Latin analogy: this analogy will 
appear more evident by a list of words ending in osis, 
where, though the o in the penultimate syllable is the 
omega, the Greek accent is on the antepenultimate : 

wrepirdpiatxns, avapopQucis, avaard/xcocng, apavpuois, 
a-oQecoGts, ncTaii6p<poms, ovvdpOpuxris, crvvotxsiwois, 
yxp<p(j>ois, oapafLfjLUxns, SiipQpo><Jis } aTTovsvpuxn;. 

This analogy has led us to accent certain words formed 
from the Greek, where the omega was not in the penulti- 
mate of the original, in the same manner as those words 
where this long vowel was found : such as exostosis, 
formed from at and oarzov ; synncurosis, from vvv and 
vevpov, &c. This tendency, therefore, has sufficiently 
formed an analogy; and since rules, however absurdly 
formed at first, are better than no rules at all, it would, 
in my opinion, be advisable to consider every word of 
this form as subject to the penultimate accent^ and to 
look upon apotheosis and metamorphosis as exceptions. 

(,e) Tho next rule we may venture to lay down as a 
pretty general one, is, that if the words derived from the 
learned languages, though anglicised by altering the ter- 
mination, contain the same number of syllables as in the 
original languages, they aro generally to be pronounced 
with the same accent ; that is, with the same accent as 
the first person present of the indicative mood active 
voice, or as the present participle of the same verb. The 
reality of this rule will best appear by a selection of 
such classes of words as have an equal number of sylla- 
bles in both languages. 

(/) Words which have a in the penultimate syllable : 

prevalent, praevalens, infamous, infamis, 

equivalent, a?quivalens, propagate, propago, 

adjacent, adjacens, indagate, indago, 

ligament, ligamen, suffragan, suffragans. 

In this small class cf words we find all but the first 
two have a different accent in English from that of the 
Latin. The rule for placing the accent in that language 
being the simplest in the world : if the penultimate syl- 
lable is long, the accent is on it; if short, the accent is 
on the antepenultimate. 

is) Words which have e in the penultimate syllable: 

penetrate, penetro, exuberant, exuberans, 

discrepant, discrepans, eminent, emlnens, 

precedent, prnecedens, excellent, excellens, 

elegant, elegans, alienate, alieno, 

exuperant, exuperans, delegate, delego. 

In this class we find the penultimate e accented in Eng- 
lish as in Latin, except in the last three words. The 
word alienate departs from the Latin accentuation, by 
placing the stress on the first syllable, as if derived from 
the English noun alien. The e in penetro is either long 
or short in Latin, and in this case we generally prefer 
the short sound to the long one. 
G 



(h) Words which have i in the penultimate syllable: 



acclivous, 
declivous, 
j proclivous, 
litigant, 
| mitigant, 
sibilant, 
vigilant, 
fulminant, 
discriminate, 
habitant, 
beneficent, 
accident, 
evident, 
indigent, 
diligent, 
negligent, 
exigence, 
intelligence, 
deficience, 



nccllvus, 


perspicienco 


decllvus, 


cdnscience, 


proclivus, 


obedience, 


Jitlgans, 


pestilence, 


mitigans, 


supplicate, 


sibilans, 


explicato, 


vigilans, 


abdicate, 


fulminans, 


providence, 


discrimino. 


festinate, 


habitans, 


mendicant, 


benef Icus, 


resident, 


accidens, 


diffidence, 


evidens, 


confidence. 


indlgens, 


investigate, 


diligens, 
negligens, 


castigate, 


extricate, 


oxigens, 


irritate, 


intelligens, 


profligate, 


deficiens, 


instigate, 



perBpiciens, 

consclens, 

obedlens, 

pestllens, 

suppllcans, 

explicans, 

abdlcans, 

Drovldeus, 

festlno, 

mendlcaus 

resldens, 

diffidens, 

confldens, 

investlgo, 

castlgo, 

cxtrlco, 

irrlto, 

profllgo, 

instlgo. 



In the foregoing list of words we find a very general 
coincidence of the English and Latin accent, except in 
the last eleven words, where we depart from the Latin 
accent on the penultimate, and place it on our own fa 
vourite syllable, the antepenultimate. These last words 
must, therefore, be ranked as exceptions. 

(i) Words which have o in the penultimate syllable : 



interrogate, 

arrogant, 

dissonant, 

redolent, 

insolent, 

benevolent, 

condolence, 

indolence, 

armipotent, 



interrogo, 

arrogans, 

dissonans, 

redolens, 

insolens, 

benevolus, 

condolens, 

indolens, 

armipotens, 



omnipotent, 

innocent, 

renovate, 

desolate, 

decorate, 

elaborate, 

laborant, 

ignorant, 

suffocate, 



omnipotens, 

innocens, 

renovo, 

desolo, 

decoro, 

elaboro, 

laborans, 

ignorans, 

6uffoco. 



In this list the difference of the English and Latin ac- 
cent is considerable. The last six words desert the Latin 
penultimate for the English antepenultimate accent, and 
condolence falls into an accentuation diametrically op- 
posite. 

(k) Words which have u in the penultimate syllable : 



fabulate, 


fabulor, 


populate, 


populo, 


maculate, 


maculo, 


subjugate, 


subjugo, 


adjuvate, 


adjuvo, 


abducent, 


abducens, 


corrugate, 


corrugo, 


reliicent, 


relucens, 


petulant, 


petulans, 


imprudent, 


imprflden 


disputant, 


disputans, 


adjutant, 


adjutans, 


impudent, 


impudens, 


peculate, 


peculor, 


speculate, 


speculor, 


indurate, 


induro, 


pullulate, 


pulliilo, 


obdurate, 


obduro. 



Here we find the general rule obtain, with, perhaps, 
fewer exceptions than in any other class. Adjuvate, 
peculate, and indurate, are the only absolute deviations ; 
for obdurate has the accent frequently on the second syl- 
lable. See the word. 

(I) To these lists, perhaps, might be added the Eng- 
lish words ending in tion, sion, and ity : for, though tion 
and sion are really pronounced in one syllable, they are, 
by almost all our orthoepists, generally divided intotwo: 
and consequently nation, pronunciation, occasion, eva- 
sion. &c, contain the same number of syllables as natio, 
pronunciatio, occasio, evasio,&.c, and have the accent, in 
both English and Latin, on the antepenultimate syllable. 
The same may be observed of words ending in ity, as di- 
versity, variety, Sec, from diversitas, varictas, &c. 

(7/1) By this selection, (which, though not an exact 
enumeration of every particular, is yet a sufficient speci- 
men of the correspondence of Latin and English accent.; 
we may perceive that there is a general rale running 
through both languages, respecting the accent of polysyl- 
lables, which is, that, when a single vowel in the penulti- 
mate is followed by a single consonant, the accent is on 
the antepenultimate. This is so agreeable to English 
analogy, that, in words derived from the Latin, where the 
penultimate vowel, followed by a single consonant, is 
long, and consequently has the accent, we almost always 
neglect this exception, as it may be called, in the Latin 
language, and fall into our own general rule of accenting 
the antepenultimate. Nor is it unworthy of being re- 
marked, that, -when we neglect the accent of the original, 
it is almost always to place it at least a syllable higher ; 
as adjacent and condolence are the only words in the 

hole selection, where the accent of the English word is 
placed lower than in the Latin. 

(?i) There is, indeed, a remarkable coincidence of ac- 
cent between Latin verbs of three syllables, commencing 
with a preposition, and the English words of two sylla 7 



42 



TERM1NAT10NAL ACCENT. 



bles, derived from them, by dropping a syllable * a9 ex- 
cSllo, reblllo, inqulro, conftno, confQto, consumo, deslrj, 
exploro, procSdo, proclamo, have the accent in Latin on 
the second syllable: and the English verbs excel, rebel, 
inquire^ confine, confute, consume, desire, explore, pro- 
ceed, proclaim, have the accent on the same syllable. 
This propensity of following the Latin accent in these 
words, perhaps, in this, as well as in other cases, formed 
a general rule, which, at last, neglected the Latin accent, 
in words of this kind ; as we find prefer, confer, defer, 
desert, compare, complete, congeal, divide, dispute, pre- 
pare, have the accent on the second syllable, though prm- 
fSro, defSro, confSro, desiro, comparo, complio, con- 
gZlo, divldo, disputo, prccparo, have the accent on the 
first; and this propensity, perhaps, laid the foundation 
of that distinction of accent which is so remarkable be- 
tween dissyllable nouns and verbs of the same form. 
(492.) 

(o) But when English polysyllables are derived from 
the Latin by dropping a syllable, scarcely any anal- 
ogy is more apparent than the coincidence of the princi- 
pal accent of the English word, and the secondary accent 
(5-22), we give to the Latin word, in the English pronuncia- 
tion of it. Thus, parsimony, ceremony, matrimony, me- 
lancholy, &c. have the accent on the first syllabic, be- 
cause, in pronouncing the Latin words parsimonia, cmre- 
monia, matrimonia, melancholia, &c. we are permitted, 
and prone in our English pronunciation of these words, 
to place a secondary accent on that syllable. See Acade- 
my, Irreparable, &c. 

(p) With respect to the quantity of the antepenulti- 
mate syllable in polysyllables, it may be observed, that, 
regardless of the quantity of the original, we, almost 
without exception, follow the analogy of our own lan- 
guage. This analogy uniformly shortens the vowel, un- 
less it be u, followed by a single consonant, or any other 
vowel, followed by a single consonant, succeeded by a 
semi-consonant diphthong ; thus the first u in dubious is 
pronounced long, though short in the Latin word dubtus .- 
the same may be observed of the e and o in milium and 
emporium ; and the first i in delirium, and the first e in 
delicate, are pronounced short in English, according to 
our own analogy, (507,) though these letters are long in 
the Latin delirium and dellcatus. For the quantity of 
English dissyllables derived from the Greek and Latin, 
See Syllabication, No. 543, 544, &c. 

Terminational Accent. 

504. We have seen that the Saxon terminations, re- 
gardless of harmony, aiways leave the accent where they 
found it, let the adventitious syllables be ever so nume- 
rous. The Saxons, attentive chiefly to sense, preserved 
the same simplicity in the accentuation, as in the compo- 
sition of their words ; and if sense were the only object 
of language, it must be confessed, that our ancestors 
were, in this respect, superiour to the Greeks and Ro- 
mans. What method could so rigidly preserve, and so 
strongly convey the sense of words, as that which always 
left the accent on the root, where the' principal meaning 
of the word undoubtedly lies > But the necessities of hu- 
man nature require, that our thoughts should not only be 
conveved with force, but with ease ; to give language its 
due effect, it must be agreeable as well as forceful ; and 
the ear must be addressed while we are informing the 
mind. Here, then, terminational accent, the musick 
of language, interposes ; corrects the discordant, and 
strengthens the feeble sounds ; removes the difficulty of 
pronunciation which arises from placing the accent on 
initial syllables, and brings the force gently down to the 
latter part of the word, where a cadence is formed, on the 
principles of harmony and proportion. 

505. To form an idea of the influence of termination 
upon accent, it will be sufficient to observe, that words 
which have ei, ia, ie, io, eou, in their termination, always 
have the accent on the preceding syllable: thus atheist, 
alien, regalia, ambrosia, &c. the numerous terminations 
in ion, ian, &c. as gradation, promotion, confusion, lo- 
gician, physician, &c. those in ious, as harmonious, abste- 
mious, &c. those in eous, as outrageous, advantageous, 
&c. These may not improperly be styled semi-conso- 
nant diphthongs. (196.) 

506. The only exceptions to this rule are one word in 
iack, as elegiack, which has the accent on the i, and the 
following words in iacal, as prosodiacal, cardiacal, heli- 
acal, genethliacal, maniacal, demoniacal, ammoniacal, 



* Ben Jonson seems to have had a faint idea of this 
coincidence, where he says, " all verbs coming from the 
Latin, either of the supine or otherwise, hold the accent 
as it is found in the first person present of those Latin 
verbs, as animo, animate, celebro, celebrate ; except 
words compounded of facio, as lique-facio, liquefy ; and 
of statuo, as constitxio, constitute" English Grammar. 
Of the extent and justness of these observations, the criti- 
cal reader will be. the best judge. 



theriacal, paradisiacal, aphrodisiacal, and hypochondri 
acal ; all which have the accent on the antepenultimate 
i, and that long and open, as in idle, title, &c. 

507. Nothing can be more uniform than the position 
of the accent in words of these terminations, and, with 
very few exceptions, the quantity of the accented vowel is 
as regular as the accent; for when these terminations 
are preceded by a single consonant, every accented vowel 
is long, except i ; which, in this situation, is a9 uniformly 
short: thus, occasion, adhesion, erosion, and confusion, 
have the a, e, o, and u long; while vision and decisio?i 
have the i short. The same may be observed of proba- 
tion, concretion, devotion, ablution, and exhibition. The 
exceptions are impetuous, especial, perpetual, discretion 
and battalion, which last ought to be spelled with double 
I, as in the French, from which it is derived, and then it 
would follow the general rule. National and rational 
form two more exceptions ; and these are almost the 
only irregularities to which these numerous classes of 
words are subject. 

503. Nearly the same uniformity, both of accent and 
quantity, we find in words ending in ick. The accent 
mmediately precedes this termination, and every vowel 
under this accent but u is short ; thus satanick, pathetick, 
elliptick, harmonick, &c. have the accent on the penulti- 
mate, and the vowel short ; while tunick, runick, and 
cubicle, have the accented vowel Ion". 

509. The same may bo observed of words ending in 
cal, as fanatical, poetical, levilicaL, canonical, <fcc. 

which have the accent on the antepenultimate syllable, 
and the vowels e, t, and o, short ; but cubical and musi- 
cal, with the accent on the same syllable, have the u 
long. 

510. The only exceptions to this rule are arsenick, 
cholerick, ephemerick, turmerick, empirick, rhetorick, 
bishoprick, lunatick, arithmetick, splenetick, heretick, 
politick, and perhaps phlegmatick ; which, though mora 
frequently heard with the accent on the antepenultimate 
syllable, ought, if possible, to be reduced to regularity 
Words ending in scence have uniformly the accent on the 
penultimate syllable, as quiescence, reminiscence, &c. ; 
concupiscence, which has the accent on the antepenulti- 
mate, is the only exception. 

511. In the same manner, if we take a view of the 
words ending in ity, we find the accent invariably placed 
on the preceding syllable, as in diversity, congruity, &c. 
On a closer inspection we find every vowel in this ante- 
penultimate syllable, when no consonant intervenes, pro- 
nounced long as deity, piety, &c. A nearer inspection 
shows us, that, if a consonant precede this termination, 
the preceding accented vowel is short, except it be u, as 
severity, curiosity, impunity, &c. : we find too, that even 
u contracts itself before two consonants, as in curvity, 
taciturnity, &c. and that scarcity and rarity (signifying 
uncommonness: for rarity, thinness, has the a short,) are 
the only exceptions to this rule throughout the language. 
The same observations are applicable to words ending in 
ify, as justify, clarify, &c. The only words where the 
antepenultimate accent in words of this termination 
does not shorten the vowel, are glorify and notify. The 
y in these words is always long, like the first sound of i ; 
and both accent and quantity are the same when these 
words take tho additional syllable able, as justifiable, 
rarefiable, &c. (183.) 

512. To these may be added the numerous class of 
words ending in arous, erous, and orous, as barbaroiis, vo- 
ciferous, and humorous ; all which have the accent on the 
antepenultimate syllable, except canorous and sonorous , 
which some unlucky scholar happening to pronounce 
with the accent on the penultimate syllable, in order to 
show their derivation from the Latin adjectives, canorus 
and sonorus, they stand like strangers amidst a crowd of 
similar words, and are sure to betray a mere English 
scholar into a wrong pronunciation. 

To polysyllables in these terminations might be added 
those in alive, atory, ctive, &c. : words ending in atire. 
can never have the accent on the penultimate syllable, if 
there is a higher syllable to place it on, except in the 
word creative ; and when this is the case, as it is seldom 
otherwise, the accent seems to rest on the root of the 
word ; or on that syllable which has the accent on the 
noun, adjective, or verb, with which the word in ative 
corresponds; thus copulative, estimative, alterative, &c. 
follow the verbs to copulate, to estimate, to alter, &c. 
When derivation does not operate to fix the accent, a 
double consonant will attract it to the antepenultimate 
syllable, as appellative ; and two consonants have some- 
times this power, in opposition to derivation, as adversa- 
tive and argumentative, from adverse and argument. In- 
dicative and interrogative, are likewise exceptions, as 
they do not follow the verbs to indicate and interrogate : 
but as they are grammatical terms, they seem to have 
taken their accent from the secondary accent wo some- 
times give to the Latin words indicativus and interro- 
gativus (see the word Academy.) Words ending in ary, 
ery, or ory, have generally the accent on the root of the 



ENCLITICAL ACCENT. 



43 



word ; which, if it consists of three syllables, must neces- 
sarily be accented on the first, as contrary, treachery, 
factory, &c. ; if of four or five, the accent is generally on 
that syllable which has the accent in the related or kin- 
dred words ; thus expostulatory has the accent on the 
same radical syllable as expostulate ; and congratulato- 
ry as congratulate : interrogatory and derogatory are 
exceptions here, as in the termination ative ; and if pa- 
cificatory, sacrificatory,* significatory, vesicatory, &c. 
have not the accent on the first syllable, it seems to arise 
from the aversion we seem to have at placing even the 
secondary accent on the antepenultimate a, (which we 
should be very apt to do if the principal accent were on 
the first syllable,) and the difficulty there would be in 
pronouncing such long words with so many unaccented 
syllables at the end, if we were to lay the accent on the 
first. Words ending in ctive have the accent regularly 
on the penultimate syllable, except adjective, which, like 
indicative, being a grammatical word, seems to have 
taken its accent from the secondary stress of the Latin 
adject ivus (see Academy ;) and every word ending in 
tive, preceded by a consonant, has the accent on the pe- 
nultimate syllable likewise, except substantive ; and, 
perhaps, for the reason just given. After all, it must be 
owned, that words ending in ative and atory are. the 
most irregular and desultory of any in the language ; as 
they are generally accented very far from the end, they 
are the most difficult to pronounce ; and therefore, when- 
ever usage will permit, we should incline the stress as 
much as possible to the latter syllables : thus refractory 
ought never to have the accent on the first syllable ; but 
refectory, with the accent on the first, is a school term, 
and, like substantive, adjective, indicative, and interro- 
gative, must be left in quiet possession of their Latin 
secondary accent. 

Enclitkal Accent. 

513. I have ventured to give the name of enclitical to 
the accent of certain words, whose terminations are 
formed of such words as seem to lose their own accent, 
and throw it back on the last syllable of the word with 
which they coalesce, such as theology, orthography, &c. 
The readiness with which these words take the antepe- 
nultimate accent, the agreeable flow of sound to the ear, 
and the unity it preserves in the sense, are sufficient 
proofs of the propriety of placing the accent on this syl- 
lable, if custom were ambiguous. I do not remember to 
have heard the accent disputed in any word ending in 
ology ; but orthography is not unfrequently pronounced 
with the accent on the first syllable, like orthodoxy. 
The temptation we are under to discover our knowledge 
of the component parts of words, is very apt to draw us 
into this pronunciation ; but as those words which are 
derived from the Greek, and are compounded of AoyoS, 
have universally given into this enclitical accentuation, 
no good reason appears for preventing a similar pronun- 
ciation in those compounded of ypadw). as, by placing the 
accent on the antepenultimate syllable, the word is much 
more fluent and agreeable to the ear. It is certain, how- 
ever, that at first sight the most plausible reasoning in 
the world seems to lie against this accentuation. When 
we place the accent on * he first syllable, say our oppo- 
nents, we give a kind or subordinate stress to the third 
syllable graph : by which means the word is divided into 
its primitives opdos and ypa(pu>, and those distinct ideas 
it contains are preserved, which must necessarily be con- 
founded by the contrary mode; and that pronunciation 
of compounds, say they, must certainly be the best which 
best preserves the import of the simples. 

514 Nothing can be more specious than this reason- 
ing, till we look a little, higher than language, and con- 
sider its object: we shall then discover, that, in uniting 
two words under one accent, so as to form one compound 
term, we do but imitate the superiour operations of the 
mind, which, in order to collect and convey knowledge, 
unites several simple ideas into one complex one. "The 
end of language," says Mr. Locke, " is by short sounds 
to signify with ease and despatch general conceptions, 
wherein not only abundance of particulars are contained, 
but also a great variety of independent ideas are collect- 
ed into one complex one, and that which holds these dif- 
ferent parts together in the unity of one complex idea, is 
the word we annex to it." For, as Mr. Locke continues, 
" Men, in framing ideas, seek more the convenience of 



* These words ought certainly to be accented alike ; 
and accordingly we find Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Barclay, and Mr. Smith, place the accent on the second 
syllable; but though Fenning accents significatory in 
the same manner, he places the accent on the antepenulti- 
mate of pacificatory ; and Kenrick likewise accents the 
second syllable of significatory, but the first of pacifica- 
tory ; the other orthoepists who have not got these words 
have avoided these inconsistencies. 



language, and quick despatch by short and comprehensive 
signs, than the true and precise nature of things ; and 
therefore, he who has made a complex idea of a body 
with life, sense, and motion, with a faculty of reason 
joined to it, need but use the short monosyllable, man, to 
express all particulars that correspond to that complex 
idea." So it may be subjoined, that, in framing words 
for the purpose of immediate communication, the end of 
this communication is best answered by such a pronun- 
ciation as unites simples into one compound, and at the 
same time renders the compound as much a simple as 
possible : but it is evident that this is done by no mode 
of accentuation so well as that which places the accent 
on the antepenultimate syllable of the words thedlogy, 
orthdgraphy ; and therefore that this accentuation, 
without insisting on its superiour harmony, must best 
answer the great end of language. (328.) 

515. This tendency in our language to simplify com- 
pounds, is sufficiently evident in that numerous catalogue 
of words, where we find the long vowel of the simple 
changed into a short one in the compound, and by this 
means losing much of its original import to the ear : thus 
breakfast, shepherd, vineyard, meadow, shadow, zealous, 
hearken, valley, cleanse, cleanly (neat,) forehead, wil- 
derness, bewilder, kindred, hinder, knowledge, darling, 
fearful, pleasant, pleasure, whitster, whitleather, seam- 
stress, stealth, wealth, health, wisdom, wizard, parent- 
age, lineage, children, pasty, gosling, collier, holiday, 
Christmas, Michaelmas, windlass, cripple, hinder, strip- 
ling, starling, housewife, husband, primer, peascod, 
fieldfare, birth from bear, dearth from dear, weary from 
wear, and many others, entirely lose the sound of the 
simple in their compound or derivative. 

516. The long i in white, when a simple, is almost 
universally changed into a short one in proper names, as 
Whitchurch, Whitefield, Whitbread, Whitlock, Whita- 
ker, &c. for, compendiousness and despatch being next in 
importance to perspicuity, when there is no danger of 
mistake, it is no wonder that the organs should fall into 
the shortest and easiest sounds. 

517. It must, however, be observed, that this tendency 
to unite simples into a compound, by placing an accent 
exactly where the two words coalesce, is still subservi- 
ent to the laws of harmony. The Greek word hoKtw, 
which signifies to opine, and from which the last sylla- 
bles of orthodoxy are derived, was never a general sub- 

i'unctive word, like \oyoi and ypafut ; andj even if it had 
een so, the assemblage of consonants in the letter x 
would have prevented the ear from admitting an accent 
on the syllable immediately preceding, as the x would, 
by this means, become difficult to pronounce. Placing 
the accent, therefore, on the first syllable of orthodoxy, 
gives the organs an opportunity of laying a secondary 
stress upon the third, which enables them to pronounce 
the whole with distinctness and fluency : thus Galaxy 
and Cachexy, having the accent on the first syllable, are 
i very difficult to pronounce ; but this difficulty is remov- 
| ed by placing the accent a syllable higher in the words 
apoplexy, ataraxy, and anorexy. 

| 518. But the numerous classes of words that so readily 
I adopt this enclitical accent, sufficiently prove it to be 
i agreeable to the genius of our pronunciation. This will 
more evidently appear by adducing examples. Words in 
the following terminations have always the accent on 
that syllable where the two parts unite, that is, on tho 
antepenultimate syllable; 

In logy, as apology, ambilogy, genealogy, &C 

In graphy, as geography, orthography, historiogra- 
phy, ecc. 

In phagus, as sarcophagus, ichthyophagus, androphd 
giis, &.C. 

In loquy, as obloquy, soliloquy, ventriloquy, &c. 

Jn strophe, as catastrophe, apostrophe, anastrophe, &c. 

In meter, as geometer, barometer, thermometer, &c. 

In gonal, as diagonal, octagonal, polygonal, &c. 

In vorous, as carnivorous, granivorous, piscivorous, 
&c. 

In ferous, as bacciferous, cocciferous, somniferous, &c. 

In fluous, as superfluous, mellifluous, fcllifluous, &c. 

In fluent, as mellifluent, circumfluent, interfluent, &c. 

In vomous, as ignrvomous,flammivomous, &c. 

In parous, as viviparous, oviparous, deiparous, &c. 

In cracy, as theocracy, aristocracy, democracy, &c. 

In gony, as theogony, cosmogony, hexagony, &c. 

In phony, as symphony, cacophony, colophony, &cc. 

In machy, as theomachy, logomachy, sciomachy, &c. 

In nomy, as ceconomy, astronomy, Deuteronomy, &c. 

In tomy, as anatomy, lythotomy, arteviotomy, &.C 

In scopy, a3 metoposcopy, duteroscony, aeroscopy, &c. 

In pathy, as apathy, antipathy, idiopathy, &cV 

In mathy, as opsimathy, polymathy, &c. &c. &c. 

519. Some of these Greek compounds seem to refuse 
the antepenultimate accent, for the same reason as or- 
I thodoxy ; such as necromancy, chiromancy, hidromancy ; 



M 



SECONDARY ACCENT.— QUANTITY. 



and those terminating in archy, as hierarchy, oligarchy, 
patriarchy ; all of which have the accent on the first 
syllable, which gives the organs time to recover their 
force upon the third, and to pronounce the two conso- 
nants with much more ease than if the accent immedi- 
ately preceded them; but periphrasis and antiphrasis, 
besides their claim to the accent of their originals, 
readily admit of the accent on the second syllable, because 
the consonants in the two last syllables do not come to- 
gether, and are therefore easily pronounced after the ac- 
cent. Words of more than two syllables, ending in ogue, 
as pedagogue, dialogue, &c. have the accent on the an- 
tepenultimate. Orthoepy, having no consonant in the an- 
tepenultimate syllable, naturally throws its accent on 
the first. See Monornachy. 

520. By this view of the enclitical terminations, we 
may easily perceive how readily our language falls into 
the antepenultimate accent in these compound polysyl- 
lables; and that those terminations, which seem to re- 
fuse this accent, do it rather from a regard to etymology 
than analogy : thus words ending in asis, as periphrasis, 
apophasis, hypostasis, antiperistasis, &c. have the an- 
tepenultimate accent of their originals. The same may 
be observed of those ending in esis, as hypothesis, an- | 
titkesis, parenthesis, &c. : but exegesis, mathesis,auxe-\ 
sis, catachrcsis, paracentesis, aposiopesis, have the ac- 
cent on the penultimate syllable, because the vowel in 
this syllable is Jong in Greek and Latin. But all words 
ending in osis have the accent on the penultimate, ex- 
cept metamorphosis and apotheosis, which desert the 
accent of their Latin originals, while those in ysis are 
accented regularly on the antepenultimate in Greek, 
Latin, and English, as analysis, paralysis, &c. We 
may note too, that every s in all these terminations is 
sharp and hissing. See the words Exostosis and Apo- 
theosis. 

521. Words of three syllables ending in ator have the 
accent on the penultimate, as spectator, collator, delator, 
Sec. except orator, senator, legator, and barrator. But 
words in this termination, of more than three syllables, 
though they have generally the accent on the penulti- 
mate, are subject to a diversity not easily reduced to the 
rule: thus navigator, propagator, dedicator, Sec. are 
sometimes pronounced with the accent on the first sylla- 
ble, and sometimes on the third : but as these words may 
be pronounced with an accent on both these syllables, 
it is of less consequence on which syllable we place the 
accent, when we use only one. (528.) The general rule 
certainly inclines to the penultimate accent ; but as 
all these words are verbal nouns, and, though generally 
derived from Latin words of the same terminations, 
have verbs corresponding to them in our own language, 
it is very natural to preserve the accent of the verb in 
these words, as it gives an emphasis to the most signifi- 
cant part of them : thus equivocator, prevaricator, dedi- 
cator, might be regularly formed from the verbs to equiv- 
ocate, to prevaricate, and to dedicate ; and, agreeably 
to analogy, would have been written equivocater, pre- 
varicater, and dedicater ; but an affectation of prefer- 
ring every analogy to our own, has given these words a 
Latin termination, which answers no purpose, but to 
involve our language in absurdities ; but the ear, in this 
case, is not quite so servile as the eye : and though we 
are obliged to write these words with or, and not er, we 
generally hear them pronounced as if they were formed 
from our own verbs, and not from Latin nouns in ator. 
But when the word has no verb in our own language to 
correspond to it, the accent is then placed with great 
propriety upon the a, as in Latin: thus violator, insti- 
gator, navigator, &c. ought to have the accent on the 
first syllable ; and emendator, gladiator, adulator, Sec. 
on the" last but one. 



that the secondary stress might, or might not, be adopt- 
ed, as distinctness, force, or harmony, should require; 
thus complaisant, contraband, caravan ; and violin, 
partisan, artisan, cturtesan, metaphysick, have fre- 
quently an accent on the first, as well as on the third 
syllable, though a somewhat less forcible one. The 
same may be observed of repartee, referee, privateer, 
domineer, Sec. ; but it must still be observed, that though 
an accent be allowable on the first syllable of these 
words, it is by no means necessary ; they may all be pro- 
| nounced with one accent, and that on the last syllable, 
j without the least deviation from propriety. 
I 525. In order to give some idea of the nature of the 
! secondary accent, let ui suppose, that, in giving our 
, opinion of an astronomical argument, we say, 

j " It is a direct demonstration of the Copernican system." 

\ In this sentence, as an accent is necessarily upon the last 
syllable of direct, we seldom lay a stress on the first sylla- 
ble of demonstration, unless we mean to be uncommonly 
emphatical ; but in the following sentence, 

" It is a demonstration of the Copernican system." 



SECONDARY ACCENT. 



i Here, as no accented word precedes demonstration, the 
j voice finds a rest, and the ear a force, in placing an ac- 
; cent on the first, as well as on the third syllable. 
I 52G. But though we may, or may not, use the secon- 
! dary accent, at pleasure, it is by no means a matter of 
I indifference on what syllable we place it : this is fixed 
j with as much certainty as the place of the principal ac- 
i cent itself; and a wrong position of one would as much 
i derange the sound of the word, as a wrong position of 
i the other : and it must be carefully noted, that, though 
I we lay no stress upon the syllable which may have the 
secondary accent, the consonants and vowels have ex- 
actly the same sound as if the doubtful syllable (as it may 
be called) were accented. Thus, though I lay no stress 
upon the second syllable of negotiation, pronunciation, 
ecclesiastick, Sec. thee, t, and* go into the sound of sh and 
ih, as if the secondary accent were on the preceding syl- 
lable. (357) (451) (459.) 

527. It may be observed, in the first place, that the 
secondary accent is always two syllables, at least, dis- 
tant from the principal accent : thus in demonstration, 
lamentation, provocation, Sec. the secondary accent is on 
the first syllable, and the principal on the third ; and in 
arteriotomij, meteorology, and hijpochondriacal. the sec- 
ondary accent is on the first, aud the principal on the 
fourth syllable: and in the word indivisibility we may 
place two secondary accents, one upon the first, and the 
other on the third. 

528. In the next place it may be observed, that 
though the syllable on which the principal accent is 
placed is fixed and certain, yet we may, and do frequent- 
ly, make the secondary principal, and the principal secon- 
dary : thus caravan, complaisant, violin, repartee, refe- 
ree, privateer, domineer, courtesan, artisan, charlatan, 
may all have the greatest stress on the first, and the least 
on the last syllable, without any violent offence to the 
ear : nay, it may be asserted, that the principal aceent 
on the first syllable of these words, and none at all on 
the last, though certainly improper, has nothing in it 
grating or discordant : but placing an accent on the 
second syllable of these words would entirely derange 
them, and produce an intolerable harshness and disso- 
nance. The same observations may be applied to dem- 
onstration, lamentation, provocation, navigator, prop- 
agator, alligator, and every similar word in the lan- 
guage. But, as we have observed, No. 526, the conso 
nants t, d, c, and s, after the secondary accent, are ex- 
actly under the same predicament as after the primary ; 

I that is, if they are followed by a diphthong or diphtho'n- 
i gal vowel, these consonants are pronounced like sh, Lsh, 
! zh, or j, as sententiosity, partiality, &c. (526.) 



522. Hitherto we have considered that accent only, 
which necessarily distinguishes one syllable in a word 
from the rest : and which, with very little diversity, is 
adopted by all who speak the English language. 

523. The secondary accent is that stress we may oc- 
casionally place upon another syllable, besides that 
which has the principal accent, in order to pronounce 
every part of the word more distinctly, forcibly, and har- 
moniously. Thus this accent may be placed on the first 
syllable of conversation, commendation, Sec. 

521. There are few authors who have not taken 
notice of two accents upon some of the longer polysylla- 
bles, but none have once hinted, that one of these is not 
essential to the sound of the word : they seem to have 

supposed both accents equa.iy necessary, and without II have' seen that vowels, under the principal accent, before 
any other difference than that one was pronounced more \> the diphthongs ia, ie, eou, ion, are all long, except i ; 
forcibly than the other. This mistake arose from a j (507 ;) that all vowels are long before the terminations 
■want of studying the speaking voice. A knowledge of | ity and ety, as deity, piety, tec. (511 ;) that if one or more 
this would have told them, that one accent only was j,' consonants precede these terminations, every preceding 
essential to every word of more than one syllable, and i 1 accented vowel, except the a in si arc ity and rarity, sig- 



QUANTITY. 

529. In treating this part of pronunciation, it will not be 
necessary to enter into the nature of that quantity which 
constitutes poetry ; the quantity here considered will be 
that which relates to words taken singly: and this is 
nothing more than the length or shortness cf the vowels, 
either as they stand alone, or as they are differently com- 
bined with the vowels or consonants. (63.) 

530. Quantity, in this point of v iew, has already been 
fully considered under every vowet and diphthong in the 
language. What remains to be said on this subject is, 
the quantity of vowels under the secondary accent. We 



SYLLABICATION. 



45 



nifying uncoromonness, is short but u: and that the 
same analogy of quantity is found before the termina- 
tions ick and icat, and the numerous enclitical termina- 
tions we have just been pointing out. Here we find cus- 
tom conformable to analogy ; and that the rules for the 
accent and quantity of these words admit of scarcely any 
exceptions. In other parts of the language, where cus- 
tom is more capricious, we can still discover general 
rules, and there are but very few words, in which the 
quantity of the vowel under the principal accent is not 
ascertained. Those who have but a common share of 
education, and are conversant with the pronunciation 
of the capital, are seldom at a loss for the quantity of 
the vowel under that accent which may be called prin- 
cipal ; but the secondary accent in the longer polysylla- 
bles does not seem to decide the quantity of the vowels 
so invariably. Air. Sheridan divides the words degluti- 
tion, depravation, degradation, dereliction, and demo- 
cratical, into de-glu-ti-tion, de-pra-va-tion, de-gra-da- 
tion, de-rc-lic-tion, and de-mo-crat-i-cal ; while Dr. Ken- 
rick more accurately divides them into deg-lu-ti-tion, 
dep-ra-va-tion, deg-ra-da-tion, and dem-o-crat-i-cal ; but 
nvKCs not any distinction between the first o in prof 'anation 
and profane, prodigality and prodigious, prorogation and 1 
prorogue, though he distinguishes this letter in the first 
syllable of progress, and that in progression : and 
though Mr. Sheridan divides retrograde into retro- 
grade, he divides relrogradation, retrogression, retro- 
spect, retrospection, and retrospective, into re-tro-gra- 
da-tioii, re-tro-gres-sion, re-tro-speet, re-tro-spec-tion, 
and re-tro-spec-tive. At the first sight of these words we 
are tempted to prefer the preposition in a distinct 
syllable, as supposing that mode to convey more distinct- 1 
ly each part of the word ; but custom at large, the best I 
interpreter of nature, soon lets us see that these preposi-i 
tions coalesce with the word they are prefixed to, for! 
reasons greatly superiour to those which present them- j 
selves at first. (514.) If we observe the tendency of pro- 
nunciation, with respect to inseparable prepositions, we I 
shall find, that those compound words which we adopt i also by the power of the secondary accent; though Mr. 
whole trom other languages, we consider as simples, and I Sheridan has, in my opinion, very erroneously divided 
pronounce them without any respect to their component , ! ratiocination into ra-sho-sy-na-shun ; that is, into a 
parts ; but those compounds which we form ourselves re- 1 i syllable less than it ought to have, with the o long in- 
tain the traces of their formation in the distinction j stead of short. 

which is observable between the prepositive and radical ! 537. The accent on the Latin antepenultimate seemed 
part of the word : thus retrograde, retrogression, retro- j t0 have something of a similar tendency ; for though the 
spect, and retrospective, coming compounded to us from ! great difference in the nature of the Latin and English 



the e in re-pair, rep-a-ration, re-ply, and rep li-cation, 
re-peat and rep-e-tition, the accent making the whole 
difference between the quantity of the vowel in one word 
and the other. 

534. The only exception to the shortening power of 
the secondary accent is the same as that which prevents 
the shortening power of the primary accent, (503,) name- 
ly, the vowel u as in lucubration, or when any other of 
the vowels are succeeded by a semi-consonant diphthong, 
(196:) thus mediator and mediatorial have the e in the 
first syllable as long as in mediate : deviation has the e 
in the first syllable as long as in deviate, notwithstand- 
ing the secondary accent is on it, and which would infal- 
libly have shortened it, if it had not been for the succeed- 
ing diphthong ia ; and even this diphthong in gladiator 
has not the power of preserving the first syllable long, 
though Mr. Sheridan, by his marking it, has made it so. 

535. From what has been seen of accent and quantity, 
it is easy to perceive how prone our language is to an 
antepenultimate accent, and how naturally this accent 
shortens the vowels it falls upon : nay, so great a propen- 
sity have vowels to shrink under this accent, that the 
diphthong itself, in some words, and analogy in others, 
are not sufficient to prevent it, as valiant, retaliate. 
Thus, by the subjoining only of al to nation, with the a 
long, it becomes national, with the a short, though con- 
trary to its relation with occasion and congregation, 
which do not shorten the a upon being made occasional 
aqd congregational .• in like manner the acquisition of 
the same termination to the word nature, makes it nat-u- 
ral ; but this, it may be presumed, is derived from the 
Latin naturalis, and not from adding al to the English 
word, as in the foregoing instances; and thus it comes 
under the shortening power of the antepenultimate ac- 
cent, notwithstanding the semi-consonant diphthong u. 

536. The same shortening power in the antepenulti- 
mate accent maybe observed in rational and ratiocinate, 
where the first a in the first word, and the o in the sec- 
ond, aTe short. The first a in the second word is short 



the Latin, ought, when the accent is on the preposition 
to shorten the vowel, and unite it to the root, as in res 
ur-rec-tion, rec-ol-lec-tion, prep-o-si-tion, &c. ; while re- 
commit, re-convey, &.c. being compounds of our own, 
must preserve it separate. 

531. From what has been observed arises this general 
rule : where the compound retains the primary sense of j 
the simples, and the parts of the word are the same in 



accent will allow us to argue from one to the other but 
in very few circumstances, (503,) yet we may perceive in 
that accent, so different from ours in general, a great 
coincidence in this particular; namely, its tendency to 
shorten an antepenultimate syllable. Bishop Hare tells 
us, that " Quae acuuntur in tertia ab extrema, interdum 
acuta corripiunt, si positione sola longa sunt, ut Sptime, 
servitus, pervelim, P dmphilus, et pauca alia, quo Cretici 



n»v- .7iiiij/n,o, aim itic pew ia ui Llic nuiu die LUC cjuIUc 111 M ow fH'"^,/'^' l/cttm, j. u ill u/i ( £ (to. c u ijauua aiJa, vjuts vici!i,i 

every respect, both in and out of composition, then the I mutantur in Anapestos. Idem factum est in neutiquam, 
preposition is pronounced in a distinct syllable; but!! licet incipiat diphthongo." De Metr. Comic, pag. ~* 



when the compound departs ever so little from the literal 
sense of the simples, the same departure is observable in 
the pronunciation ; hence the different syllabication and 
pronunciation of re-com-mence and rec-om-mend ; the 



Those words which have the acute accent on the antepe- 
| nultimate syllable, have sometimes that syllable short- 
| ened, if it was only long by position, as optime, servitus, 
' pervelim, Painphilus, and a few others, which by this 



former signifies a repetition of a commencement, but the means are changed from Cretickto Anapestick feet ; nay. 



latter does not imply a repetition of a commendation 
thus re-petition would signify to petition again ; while 
rcp-etition signifies only an iteration of the same act, be 
it what it will. The same may be observed of the words 
re-create, and recreate, re-formation, and ref-ormation. 
532. Thai this is perfectly agreeable to the nature of 
the language, appears from the short pronunciation of j 
the vowel in the first syllable of preface, prelate, prel- 
ude, prologue, &c. as if divided into pref-ace, prel-ate^ 
]trel-ude, prol-ogue, &c. It is much to be regretted, how 



neutiquam undergoes the same fate, though it begins 
with a diphthong. 

SYLLABICATION. 

538. Dividing words into syllables is a very different 
i operation, according to the different ends proposed by it. 
The object of syllabication may be, either to enable chil- 
dren to discover the sound of words they are unacquainted 
with, or to show the etymology of a word, or to exhibit 



ever, that this short sound of the penultimate vowel has t u P PTnpt nrm „ n .;.,; m ' n f; t 

so much obtained in our language, which abounds too! tfc Fwl " C , *mT ° f *", 

mnr-h in thoo c^i.r.^-. „„, „„„ J „i l i 539 - " nen a chl ld nas raade certain advances m read 

much in these sounds nor can etvmolosry be alwavs i«„ u„» ; ■ . e .i. j e e .u 1 

n i 00 j or , <• ,.• '„;_,: . e ■ .u c ':-" ' mg, but is ignorant of the sound of many of the longer 

pleaded for this pronunciation; for in the foregoing , lc ^ rna ;, ^,1 n „, k„ ; — ™~>, ,„ u„ ^^J.„ »i^ ^^ — f — 



words, the first vowel is long in the Latin prafatio, prw-i' 



S j : words, it may not be improper to lay down the common 



latus, prceludiwm, though short in prSlogus : for though 
in words from the Greek the preposition irpo was short, 
in Latin it was generally long; and why we should 
shorten it in progress, project, &c. where it is long in 
Latin, can only be accounted for by the superficial appli- 
cation of a general rule, to the prejudice of the sound of 
our language. (543.) 

o33. It will be necessary, however, to observe, that in 
forming a judgement of the propriety of these observa- 
tions, the nicest care must be taken not to confound 
those prepositions which are under the primary and sec- 
ondary accent, with those which immediately precede 
the stress ; for preclude, pretend, &c. are under a very 
different predicament from prologue, preposition, &c. ; 
and the very same law that obliges us to pronounce the 
vowel short in the first syllable of prov-i-dence, provo- 
cation, and prof-a-nation, obliges ns to pronounce the 
vowel open, and with some degree of length, in pro-vide, 
pro-voke, and pro-fane. The same may be observed of 



1 general rule to him, that a consonant between two vow- 
; els must go to the latter, and that two consonants coming 
j together must be divided. Farther than this, it would 
i be absurd to go with a child; for telling him that com- 
| pounds must be divided into their simples, and that sucji 
: consonants as may begin a word may begin a syllable, 
i requires a previous knowledge of words, which children 
cannot be supposed to have ; and which, if they have, 
makes the division of words into syllables unnecessary. 
Children, therefore, may be very usefully taught the 
general rule above-mentioned, as, in many cases, it will 
lead them to the exact sound of the word, as in pro-vi- 
ded: and, in others, it will enable them to give a good 
guess at it, as in de-li-cate ; and this is all that can be 
expected: for when we are to form an unknown com- 
pound sound out of several known simple sounds ; (which 
is the case with children, when we wish them to find out 
the sound of a w.)rd by spelling it ;) this, I say, is the 
only method that can be taken. 
540. But an etymological division of words is a- diU»r- 



m 



SYLLABICATION. 



©nt operation ; it is the di rision of a person acquainted 
With the whole word, and who wishes to convey, by this 
division, a knowledge of its constituent parts, as ortho- 
graphy, theo-logy, &c. 

541. In the same manner, a person, who is pre-ac- 
quainted with the whole compound sound of a word, and 
wants to convey the sound of each part to one unacquaint- 
ed with it, must divide it into such partial sounds as, 
when put together again, will exactly form the whole, as 
or-thog-ra-phy, the-ol-o-gy, &c. This is the method 
adopted by those who would convey the whole sound, by 
giving distinctly every part; and, when this is the ob- 
ject of syllabication, Dr. Lowth's rule is certainly to be 
followed. " The best and easiest rule," says the learned 
bishop, "for dividing the syllables in spelling, is, to di- 
vide them as they are naturally divided in a right pro- 
nunciation, without regard to the derivation of words, or 
the possible combination of consonants at the beginning 
of a syllable." Introduction to Eng. Gram, page 7. 

542. In this view of syllabication, we consider it only 
as the picture of actual pronunciation ; but may we not 
consider it as directed likewise by some laws of its own.' 
laws, which arise put of the very nature of enunciation, 
and the specifick quajities of the letters .' These laws cer- 
tainly direct us to separate double consonants, and such 
as are uncombinahle from the incoalescence of their 
sounds: and if such a separation will not paint the true 
sound of the word, we may be certain that such sound is 
unnatural, and has arisen from caprice : thus the words 
chamber, Cambridge, and cambrick, must be dividedwt", 
the letter m ; and as this letter, by terminating the sylla- 
ble, according to the settled rules of pronunciation, short- 
ens the vowel, the general pronunciation given to these 
words must be absurd, and contrary to the first principles 
of the language. Angel,* ancient, danger, manger, and 
ranger, are under the same predicament ; but the pauci- 
ty of words of this kind, so far from weakening the gene- 
ral rule, strengthens it. See Change. 

543. By an induction which demonstrates the shorten- 
ing power of the antepenultimate accent, has been shown 
the propriety of uniting the consonant to the vowel in the 
first syllable of demonstration, lamentation, propagation, 
&c. : we thus decide upon the quantity of these vowels, 
which are so uncertain in our best dictionaries ; and may 
we not hope, by a similar induction, and with the first 
principles of language in view, to decide the true, genu- 
ine, and analogical sound of some words of another kind, 
which waver between different pronunciations .' The an- 
tepenultimate accent has unquestionably a shortening 
power ; and I have not the smallest doubt that the penul- 
timate accent has a lengthening power; that is, if our 
own words, and words borrowed from other languages, of 
two syllables, with but One consonant in the middle, had 
been left to the general ear, the accent on the first sylla- 
ble would have infallibly lengthened the first vowel. A 
strong presumption of this arises from our pronunciation 
of all Latin dissyllables in this manner, without any re- 
gard to the quantity of the original, (see Drama,) and the 
ancient practice of doubling the consonant when preced- 
ed by a, single vowel in the participial terminations, as to 
begin, beginning, to regret, regretted .• and I believe it 
may be confidently affirmed, that words of two syllables 
from the Latin, with but one consonant in the middle, 
would always have had the first vowel long, if a pedan- 
tick imitation of Latin quantity had not prevented it. 
(See Drama.) Let an Englishman, with only an English 
education, be put to pronounce zephyr, and he will, with- 
out hesitation, pronounce the e long, as in zenith .- if you 
tell him the e is pronounced short in the Latin zephyrus, 
which makes it short in English, and he should happen 
to ask you the Latin quantity of the first syllable of ccm- 
ick, mimick, solace, &c, your answer would be a con- 
tradiction to your rule. — What irrefragably proves this 
to be the genuine analogy of English quantity, is the 
different quantity we give a Latin word of two "syllables 
when in the nominative, and when in an oblique case : 
thus in the first syllable of sidus and nomen, which ought 
to be long, and of miser and onus, which ought to be 
short, we equally use the common long sound of the vow- 
els ; but in the oblique cases, sideris, nominis, miseri, 
oneris,&.c, we use quite another sound, and that a short 
one; and this analogy runs through the whole English 
pronunciation of the learned languages. (533) (535.) 

544. But the small dependence of the English quantity 
on that of the Latin will be best seen by a selection of 
words of two syllables, with the accent on the first, and 
but one consonant in the middle, and comparing them 
with the Latin words from which they are derived. 



* It is highly probable, that, in Ben Jonson's time,<the 
o in this word was pronounced as in an, smce he classes 
it, to show the short sound of a, with art, act, and apple. 
— Grammar. 



English dissyllables which have but one consonant, or 
a mute and liquid in the middle, and have the firs 
syllable accented, contrasted with the Latin words 
from which they are derived, marked with their 
respective quantities. 

Words in which the first vowel in both languages is long 



pica, 

drama, 

labra, 

hydra, 

era, 

strata, 

Icon, 

stipend, 

nStice, 

fragrance, 

license, 

credence, 

female, 

edile, 

feline, 

rasure, 

fibre, 

metre, 

nature, 

placate, 

primate, 

climate, 

llbrate, 

vibrate, 

private, 

cerate, 

finite, 

levite, 

native, 

motive, 

votive, 

vocal, 

predal, 

regal, 

legal, 

flavour, 

feces, 

manes, 

Iris, 

crisis, 

gratis, 

egress, 

regress, 

tigress, 

rebus, 

bolus, 

precept, 

pliinist, 

papist, 

climax, 

reflex, 

prefix, 

phenix, 

matrix, 

varix, 

syrinx, 



pica. 

drama. 

labra, labra. 

hydra. 

aera. 

strata. 

stlpendium. 

notitia. 

fragro. 

licentia. 

credentia. 

foemina. 

aedllis. 

fellnus. 

rasura. 

flbra, f ibra. 



penal, 

final, 

spinal, 

trlnal, 

horal, 

thoral, 

floral, 

nasal, 

fatal, 

natal, 

vital, 

naval, 

rival, 

oval, 

Idol, 

grecism, 

pagan, 



metrum, met-5men, 



rum. 
natura. 
placatus. 
prlmatus. 
clima. 
llbratus. 
vlbro, vibro. 
prlvatus. 
ceratus. 
flnltus. 
levlta. 
natlvus. 
motlvus. 



siren, 

siphon, 

colon, 

demon, 

halo, 

solo, 

tyro, 

solar, 

lazar, 

s5ber, 

tiger, 

Ether, 



votlvus. 

vocalis. 

praeda. 

regalis. 

legalis. 

flavus. 

faeces. 

manes. 

iris. 



mimer, 
caper, 
viper, 
pretor, 
llmous, 
spinous, 
vinous, 
erebrous 
fetus, 
KpitriS, crisis, edict, 



gratis 

egressus. 

regressus. 

regressus. 

tigris, tigris. 

rebus. 

bolus, bolus. 

praeceptum. 

llenus. 

papa. 

climax. 
i reflexus. 
| reflexus. 

praefixum. 

phoenix. 

matrix. 

varix. 

syrinx, ~vpiv% 



secret, 

fibre, 

fragrant, 

cogent, 

moment, 

ponent, 

digest, sub. 

reflux, 

trophy, 

chely, 
spiny, 
chary, 
query, 
glory, 
story, 



pcenalis. 

flnalis. 

spinalis 

trlnus. 

hora. 

thora. 

floralis. 

nasus. 

fatal is. 

natalis. 

vltalis. 

navalis. 

rivalis. 

ovalis. 

Id5lum. 

graeclsmus. 

paganus. 

omen. 

siren. 

vhjhjiv, siphon. 

kwXov, colon. 

daemon. 

halo. 

solo 

tiro. 

Solaris. 

lazarus. 

sobrius. 

tigris, tigris 

aether. 

o>X? a - 

mlmus. 

capparis. 

vlpera. 

praetor. 

llmosus. 

splnosus. 

vlnosus 

creber. 

f jet us. 

edict um. 

secretus. 

flbra, fibra 

fragrans. 

cogens. 

mSroentum 

ponens. 

dlgestus. 
( refluxus. 
| refluxus. 
| trdphseum. 
( trophaeum 

chele. 

spina. 

carus. 

quaere. 

gloria. 

historia. 



Words in, which the same vowel is short in both lair 
guages : 



magick, 
tragi ck, 

logick, 

colick, 

chronick, 

lyrick, 

rabid, 

acid, 

placid, 

rigid, 

calid, 

valid, 

gelid, 

olid, 

solid, 

timid, 

rapid, 

sapid, 

vapid, 

tepid, 

nitid, 

second, 

decade. 



magicus. 

tragicus. 

logica. 

colicu«. 

chronicus. 

lyricus. 

rabldus. 

acid us. 

placidus. 

rigidus. 

Calidus. 

valid us. 

gelidus. 

Slidus. 

solidus. 

timidus. 

rapidus. 

sapidus. 

vapidus. 

tepidus. 

nitidus. 

secundus. 

decas. 



sabinc, 

famine, 

rapine, 

patine, 

tribune, 

stature, 

refuse, 

palate, 

senate, 

agate, 

tribute, 

minute, 

statute, 

value, 

statue, 

monarch, 

stomach, 

epoch, 

polish, 

famish, 

perish, 

parish, 

ravish, 



sablni. 

fames. 

raplna. 

patina. 

tribunus. 

statura. 

refusus. 

palatum. 

senatus. 

achates. 

tributio. 

nunutus. 

statutus. 

valor. 

statiia. 

monarcha. 

stomachus 

epocha. 

politus. 

fames. 

per lo. 

parochia. 

rapio. 



SYLLABICATION. 



47 



mSthod, 

palace, 

amice, 

chalice, 

malice, 

anise, 

Image, 

reTuge, 

adage, 

aloe, 

gricile, 

docile, 

agile. 

fragile, 

febrile, 

gl5bule, 

macule, 

platane, 

basil, 

cavil, 

devil, 

atom, 

sSphism, 

milium, 

alum, 

Sbon, 

platin, 

robin, 

cumin, 

latin, 

civ in, 

savin, 

column, 

dragon, 

canon, 

cavern, 

tavern, 

saturn, 

vicar, 

schSlar, 

slaver, 

pr5per, 

zephyr, 

liquor, 

vigour, 



mcthSdus. 

palitium. 

amlctus. 

c&lix. 

militia. 

anlsum. 

Imago. 

refugium. 

adagium. 

aloe. 

gracilis. 

docllis. 

agllis. 

fragllis. 

fSbrilis, 

febrllis. 

glBbulus. 

macula. 

E lit anus- 
isllicum. 
civil lor. 
dlibolus. 
Stomus. 
sophlsma. 
minus, 
ilumen. 
ebenus. 
plitlna. 
rublcula. 
ciiminum. 
IStlnus. 
civea. 
sibina. 
cSlumna. 
draco, 
canon, 
caverna. 
tiberna. 
siturnus. 
vicirius. 
scholaris. 
saliva. 
prSprlus. 
zephyrus. 
liquor, 
vigor. 



corinth, 

Spick, 

tonick, 

conick, 

topick, 

trSpick, 

cjfnick, 

stStick, 

crltick, 

mgtal, 

rSbel, 

mSdel, 

camel, 

chapel, 

nSvel, 

slgi), 

vigil, 

sterile, 

rigour, 

valour, 

colour, 

tenour, 

dolour, 

honour, 

aloes, 

relict, 

prophet, 

comet, 

planet, 

tenet, 

tapet, 

habit, 

placit, 

tacit, 

adit, 

vomit, 

merit, 

talent, 

patent, sub. 

modest, 

forest, 

nephew, . 

sinew, 

money, 

study, 



cSrinthua. 

Splcus. 

tonlcus. 

couicus. 

topic us. 

tropicus. 

cynlcus. 

stitlcus. 

crltlcus. 

metallum. 

rebello. 

mSduIus.. 

cimelus. 

capella. 

n5vellus. 

slgillum. 

vlgllia. 

sterilis. 

rigor. 

vilor. 

color; 

tenor. 

dolor. 

bonSr. 

aloes. 

relictus. 

prSpheta. 

cometa. 

planeta. 

teneo. 

tapes. 

habitus. 

plicitum. 

tacltus. 

idltus. 

vomo. 

meritum. 

talentum. 

piteo. 

modestus. 

forestum. 

nepos. 

slnuo. 

moneta. 

studium. 



Words in which the same vowel is long in English, 
and short in Latin : 



tumid, 


tumldus. 


satan, 


satan. 


coma, 


coma. 


hymen, 


hymen. 


quota, 


quota. 


trident, 


trldens. 


tripod, 


trlpus. 


trlgon, 


trlgon. 


sequence, 
cadence, 


sequentia. 
cidens. 


negro, 


niger. 


hero, 


heros. 


silence, 


sllentium. 


polar, 


polaris. 


monade, 


monas. 


piper, 


papyrus. 


trochee, 


trochaeus. 


vapour, 


vapor. 


sitire, 


satyra. 


fever, 


febris, feb 


vacate, 


vico. 


fragor, 


fragor. 


civ ate, 


civo. 


rigour, 


rigor. 


dative, 


datlvus. 


Ichor, 


t X io 9 . 
achor. 


triumph, 


trlumphus. 


ichor, 


focal, 


focus. 


sapor, 


sapor. 


local, 


localis. 


tepor, 


tepSr. 


gregal, 


gregalis. 


favour, 


favor. 


ch5ral, 


chorus. 


labour, 


labor. 


nival, 


nivalis. 


odour, 


odor. 


libel, 


libellum. 


trgmour, 


tremor. 


libel, 


llbellus. 


vapour, 


vapor. 


serum, 


serum. 


pedal, 


pedalis. 


forum, 


forum. 


petal, 


petalum. 


lipis, 


lapis. 


recent, 


recens. 


basis, 


bisls. 


decent, 


decens. 


phasis, 


(pacrii. 


regent, 


regens. 


schesis, 


<TX t(Tls >schesis client, 


cllens. 


thesis, 


dims, thesis 


silent, 


sllentium 


tripos, 


tripos. 


parent, 


parens. 


focus, 


focus. 


patent, adj. 


piteo. 


crocus, 


crocus. 


latent, 


latens. 


modus, 


modus. 


potent, 


potens. 


genus, 


genus. 


gerent, 


gSrens. 


sinus, 


sinus. 


vlrent, 


vlrens. 


garous, 


g&rum. 


frequent, 


frequens. 


scabrous, 


sciber. 


sequent, 


sequens. 


notus, 


notus. 


sacrist, 


sicer. 


epact, 


i-KaKTai. 


locust, 


locusta. 


roset, 


rosa. 


phalanx, 


phalanx. 


vacant, 


v&cans. 


apex, 


apex. 


secant, 


secans. 


calix, 


calix. 


vagrant, 


vagus. 


helix, 


&hl 


tyrant, 


tyrannus. 


pharynx, 


<pdpvyt. 


blatant, 


blSte"rans. 


larynx, 


\dpvy%. 


natant, 


nitans. 


onyx, 


onyx. 



Words in which the same vowel is short in Engli»h, 
and long in Latin : 



clvick, 

mlmick, 

Sthick, 

tabid, 

frigid, 

squilid, 

Scrid, 

&rid, 

florid, 

r&rid, 

fetid, 

livid, 

vivid, 

facund, 

fecund, 

prebend, 

solace, 

preface, 

pumice, 

penance, 

florence, 

province, 

produce, 

flibile, 

debile, 

granule, 

promise, 

ceruse, 

leper, 

primer, 

proffer, 

river, 

sever, 

clamour, 

cthicks, 

crisis, 

process, 

spirits, 

traject, 

project, 

product, 

credit, 



clvicus. 

nilmicus. 

tabid us. 

frlgldus. 

squalldus. 

acer. 

arldus. 

florldus. 

rorldus. 

fcetldus. 

livid us. 

vlvldus. 

ficundus. 

fcecundus. 

prsebenda. 

solatium. 

praefatio. 

pumex. 

pa?na. 

florentia, 

pr5vincia. 

product io. 

flabllis. 

debllis. 

grantilum. 

promitto. 

cerussa. 

lepra, lepra. 

primitius. 

profero. 

rlvus. 

separo. 

clamor. 

crisis. 

processus. 

splritus. 

trajectus. 

project us. 

productus. 

credltus. 



legate, 

grinate, 

prSnite, 

spinach, 

radish, 

plinish, 

vanish, 

finish, 

punish, 

flourish, 

nourish, 

comick, 

coral, 

moral, 

trimel, 

civil, 

linen, 

seven, 

florin, 

resin, 

rosin, 

matin, 

solemn, 

felon, 

melon, 

lemons, 

echo, 

bishop, 

profit, 

limit, 

spirit, 

visit, 

pedant, 

clement, 

cement, 

present, 

protest, 

lily, 

filly, 

very, 

city, 

privy, 



ligitus. 

grinatusr 

grinitus., 

splnichia. 

radix. 

planus. 

vanesco. 

flnio. 

punio. 

florio. 

nutrio. 

comlcus. 

corallium. 

morilis. 

trima. 

clvllis. 

llnum. 

septem. 

florentia, 

resina. 

resina. 

matutlnug. 

solemnis. 

ie Ionia. 

melo. 

Hmones. 

echo, hx^ m 

eplscopus. 

prSflcio. 

Ilmltatio. 

spirltus. 

vlslto. 

pfEdineus. 

clemens. 

caementum. 

pra5sens. 

protestor. 

lillum. 

fllla. 

vero. 

clvltas. 

prlvus. 



545. In this view of the Latin and English quantity, 
we see how uncertain it is to argue from the former to 
the latter ; for, though the Latin accent is frequently a 
rule for placing the English accent, as in words derived 
whole from that language, as abdomen, acumen, &c. 
(503,) or preserving the same number of syllables, as in 
impudent, elegant, from impudens, elegans, &c. (503.) 
yet the quantity of the Latin seems to have no influence 
on that of the English. In words of two syllables, where 
one consonant comes between two vowels, as focus, basis, 
local, &c, though the vowel in the first syllable is short 
in Latin, it is long in English ; and inversely, florid, frig- 
id, livid, &c, have the vowels in the first syllable 
short, though these vowels are long in floridus,frigidus, 
lividus,&.c. ; so that, if any thing like a rule can be form- 
ed, it is, that when a word of three syllables in Latin, 
with the two first short, is anglicised by dropping the 
last syllable, we shorten the first syllable of the English 
dissyllable, unless it ends with the vowel w. (535.) Thus 
we see the shortening power of our English antepenulti- 
mate accent, which shortens every antepenultimate vow- 
el but u, in our pronunciation of Latin words ; as in mi- 
micus, vividus, &c. ; and continues its shortening power 
in the penultimate accent of these words when anglicis- 
ed into mimick and vivid ; and hence it is that the short 
quantity of the first vowel in dissyllables is become so 
prevalent in our language, to the great detriment of it3 
sound, and the disturbance of its simplicity. 

It may be necessary, in the next place, to take a view 
of such words as are" either of Saxon or French original, 
or not so immediately derived from the Latin, as to be in 
fluenced by its quantity. 

Dissyllables with but one consonant in the middle 
having the first syllable pronounced long: 



sofa, 

aga, 

epha, 

gala, 

china, 

navel, 

bazel, 

focil, 

evil, 

acorn, 

mason, 

dado, 

sago, 

bravo, 



aera, 

blfold, 

dotard, 

dotage, 

coping, 

5gre, 

cipher 

father, 

saker, 

oker, 

stoker, 

taper, 

toper, 

w&ter, 



lllach, 

trlglyph, 

garish, 

zenith, 

cadi, 

bdsom, 

r&ven, 

5ven ? 

zSehin, 

bason, 

capon, 

apron, 

Iron, 

gleby, 



sophi, 

kali, 

rebeck, 

c5pal, 

gabel, 

gravy, 

Ivy, 

hazy, 

nlzy, 



slzer, 
nadir, 

tabour, 
wagei, 



48 



QUANTITY OF THE UNACCENTED VOWELS, 



trochar 


waver, 


holy, 


bdlis, 


polar, 


lever, 


zany, 


tophet 


grocer, 


over. 


tiny, 


egret, 


spider, 


rlgol, 
token, 


pony, 


rolant, 


cider, 


crony, 


pilot, 


wafer, 


megrim, 


tory, 


borax, 


wager, 


besom, 


mlsy, 


baby. 



Dissyllables with but one consonant in the middle, 
having the first syllable pronounced short : 



bSrough, 


drivel, 
swivel, 


seraph, 
relish, 


hSvel, 
grovel, 


blemish, 


banish, 


shovel, 


damask, 


drazel, 


frolick, 


manage, 


medal, 


borage, 


shekel, 


visage, 
ravage, 


amel, 


chisel, 


savage, 


gavel, 


rivage, 


ephod, 


travise, 


hazard, 


traverse 


hagard, 


refuse, 


dizard, 


frigate, 


lizard, 


sheriff, 


vizard, 


travail, 


wizard, 


peril, 


b5dice, 


venom, 


balance, 


woman, 


valance, 


riven, 


damage, 


sloven, 


homage, 


oven, 


gravel, 


satin, 


bevil, 


bavin, 


level, 


ravin, 


revel, 


spavin, 


snivel, 


plevin, 


rivel, 


covin, 



flagon, 

wagon, 

talon, . 

tenon, 

heron, 

baron, 

sirup, 

lecher, 

wether, 

gather, 

lather, 

rather, 

nether, 

hither, 

wither, 

thither, 

tither, 

other, 

mother, 

smother, 

pother, 

siker, 

clever, 

never, 

quiver, 

cover, 

hover, 

manor, 

caract, 

valet, 



genet, 

claret, 

closet, 

civet, 

trivet, 

rivet. 

coVet, 

fagot, 

bigot, 

jigot, 

spigot, 

pivot, 

desert, 

covert, 

copist, 

provost, 

gamut, 

shadow, 

widow, 

honey, 

comely, 

many, 

cony, 

bury, 

busy, 

bevy, 

levy, 

tivy, 

privy, 

pity. 



From the perusal of this selection, we see a great ma- 
jority of words where the first vowel is sounded short, 
and, therefore, to some inspectors, it may seem improba- 
ble that the original tendency of our Saxon language was 
to the long quantity of the penultimate vowel. But, as 
Mr. Nares very judiciously observes, " the rule is suffi- 
ciently general to be admitted, and is undoubtedly founded 
in the nature of our pronunciation :" for which he quotes 
Dr. Wallis, who says, " Haec videtur genuina linguee nos- 
tra! ratio antiqua." Elements of Orthoepy, page 225. 

546. Those who have made the progress of languages 
their study will observe, it is presumed, that the broad 
sounds of vowels change to the slender,* the difficult 
consonants to the easier, and the long vowels to short 
ones. This, it is imagined, will be found to be true in all 
languages, as well as our own ; and such alteration 
seems founded in the nature of man and of society. The 
next object to understanding a language being despatch, 
it is no wonder that short sounds have been encroaching 
on us, and depriving us of the tune of our words for the 
6ake of gaining time. This is apparent in the abbrevia- 
tion of simples when compounded, as in knowledge, shep- 
herd,&cc. (518;) but, as it is the business of art. to correct 
and regulate the eccentricities of nature and the excesses 
of custom, it should be the care of every pliilosophick 
grammarian to keep his eye upon the original genius and 
general scope of his language, and to suffer custom to de- 
part as little from them as possible. But, although no in- 
consistency or want of analogy can alter any pronuncia- 
tion which is once acknowledged and settled, yet, when a 
pronunciation is wavering, consistency, analogy, and ge- 
neral principles, ought to decide against a great majority 
of mere fashion and caprice. 

Thus have I endeavoured to give a distinct view of the 
correspondence between the accent and quantity of the 
learned languages and our own, and to rescue a plain 
Englishman (who, as Ben Jonson says of Shakspeare, 
has little Latin and less Greek,) from the supercilious 
criticism of those Greeklings and Latinitasters, who are 
often remarkably ignorant of their own language, and 
yet frequently decide upon its accent and quantity, be- 
cause they have a smattering of Greek and Latin. If the 
question turns upon the accent of an English word, the 



* Alioqui, pro usu, abusus & invcteratus error nobis 
obtruderetur. Olim enim pro mutatione sonorum muta- 
bantur & literae: & si quando consuetudo aliquid mutas- 
set, scribendi quoque modus statim variabatur. Unde 
quum apud Ennium & Plautum Sont & Servos diceretur' 
& scriberetur, postea multis aurium deliciis o vocali re- 
jecta, quod vastus illius videretursonus, wlitera substitu- 
ta est, &, sono expressa ; ita ut eorum loco Sunt & Ser- 
vus prolatum&scriptumsit Adolphi Mekerchi Brugensis 
De Vet et Rect. Pronun. Linguae Graecae Commentarius. 



I Latin word it is derived from is immediately produced, 
and sentence passed without appeal : and yet, if the Eng- 
lishman were tc ask the rule on which this decision is 
founded, the scholar would, in all probability, be at a 
loss to tell him. Has every English word, he might say 
the same accent as the Latin word from which it is de- 
rived .' This the scholar could not answer in the affirma- 
tive, as the least recollection would tell him that parsi- 
mony, acrimony, &c. cannot be accented after the Latin 
parsimonia,acrimonia,&cc., as the Latin is never accent- 
ed higher than the antepenultimate. But perhaps the 
English word is adopted whole from the Latin. Here is 
undoubtedly a fair pretence for pronouncing it with the 
Latin accent ; and yet we see how many exceptions there 
are to this rule (see No. 503, b.) Or, perhaps, the English 
word, though anglicised, retains the same number of syl- 
lables. This, indeed, may be said to be a general rule 
for preserving the Latin accent, but so general as to be 
neglected in a thousand instances, (see No. 503,/, g, h, i, 
k.) But if the scholar, as is often the case, huddles 
quantity and accent together, and infers the English 
quantity from the Latin ; the English scholar needs only 
to refer him to the selections here given, (No. 544, 545,) 
to show the inanity of such a plea. Upon the whole, 
therefore, I flatter myself that men of learning will be 
gratified to see the subject in a clearer point of view than 
any in which it has ever been exhibited ; and the p.^ain 
English scholar will be indebted to me for giving him as 
clear and distinct an idea of the connexion between the 
Greek and Latin accent and quantity, and the accent and 
quantity of his native tongue, as if he had Homer and 
Horace by heart; and for placing him out of the reach 
of those pert minor criticks, who are constantly insulting 
him •vith their knowledge of the dead languages. 

OJ the Quantity of the Unaccented Vowels not in the 
same Syllable with Consonants. 

547. Accented syllables, as we have before observed, 
(179,) are so strongly marked as to be easily comprehend- 
ed when they are once settled by custom or analogy ; but 
those immediately before or after the accent are in a state 
of uncertainty, which some of our best judges find them- 
selves unable to remove. Some grammarians have called 
all the open vowels, before or after the accent, short, 
though the ear so evidently dictates the contrary in the 
u in utility, the o in obedience, &c. Some have saved 
themselves the trouble of farther search by comprehend- 
ing these vowels under the epithet obscure ; nay, so un- 
fixed do the sounds of these vowels seem, that Dr. Ken- 
rick, whose Rhetorical Dictionary shows he was possess- 
ed of very great philological abilities, seems as much at 
a loss about them as the meanest grammarian in the 
kingdom ; for, when he comes to mark the sound of the 
vowel o, in the first syllable of a series of words, with 
the accent on the second, he makes the o inpromulge, 
propel, and prolix, long, as they ought to be ; and the 
same letter in proboscis, proceed, and procedure, short. 
Dominion, domestick, donation, and domain, are mark- 
ed as if pronounced dom-inion, dom-estick. don-ation, 
and dom-ain, with the o short; while the first of docil- 
ity, potential, and monotony, have the o marked long, as 
in donor, potent, and modish ; though it is certain to 
demonstration, that, the etymology, accent, and letters 
being the same, the same sound must be produced, un- 
less where custom has precisely marked a difference; 
and that the first syllables of promulge, propel, and pro- 
lix, and those of proboscis, proceed, and procedure, have 
no such difference, seems too evident to need proof.* 

548. I know it may be demanded, with great plausi- 
bility, How do I know that there is not this very incon- 
sistency in custom itself.' What right have I to suppose 
that custom is not as vague and capricious in these sylla- 
bles as in those under the accent .' To which I answer: 
If custom has determined the sound of these vowels, the 
dispute is at an end. I implicitly acquiesce in the deci- 



* I am aware that this ingenious writer seems to avoid 
this inconsistency, by premising, in his Rhetorical Gram- 
mar, page 43, that he has sometimes marked the o in 
words beginning with a preposition with the oratorial, 
and sometimes with the colloquial pronunciation : thus, 
in commune, communicate, &c, the oratorial sound is 
given, as in the first syllable of common, while the collo- 
quial sound changes the o into u, as if the words were 
written cummune, cummunicate, &c. : but the distinc- 
tion in these examples does not touch the point; hero 
there is a change only of one short sound for another, and 
not any promiscuous use of a long and a short, or an open 
and a shut sound of the same letter. Dr. Kenrick himself, 
when he marks the o in proboseis, proceed, and procedure, 
does not adopt the short u, as he does in commune, com- 
municate, &c. ; nor is he aware of the essential difference, 
with respect to the quantity of the vowel, in the double 
consonant in one set of words, and the single one in the 
other. 



NOT UNITED TO CONSONANTS. 



49 



won; but if professors of the art disagree in their opin- 
ions, it is a shrewd sign that custom is not altogether so 
clear in its sentence ; and 1 must insist on recurring to 
principles tiJI custom has unequivocally decided. 

5-19. Every vowel, that is neither shortened by the ac- 
cent, nor succeeded by a double consonant, naturally ter- 
minates a syllable : and this terminating vowel, though 
not so properly long us if the accent were on it. would 
be very improperly termed short, if by short, as is often 
the case, be meant shut. (65.) According to this idea of 
syllabication, it is presumed that the word opinion would 
fall into three distinct parts, and every part be terminat- 
ed by a consonant but the first, thus, o-pin-ion. 

550. But it may be demanded, What reason is there, in 
the nature of the thing, for dividing the word in this 
•uanoer, rather than into op-in-ion, where a consonant 
ends every syllable 1 In this, as in many other cases of 
delicacy, we may be allowed to prove what is right by 
first proving what is wrong. Every ear would he hurt, 
if the first syllables of opinion and opulence were pro- 
nounced exactly alike; op-in-ion would be as different 
from o-pin-ion, as o-pu-lence from op-u-lencc, and conse- 
quently u different syllabication ought to be adopted ; 
but. as opulence is rightly divided into op-u-lence, opinion 
must be divided into o-pin-ion : that is, the o must be 
necessarily separated from thep, as in o-pen ; for. as was 
before observed, every vowel pronounced alone has its 
open sound, as nothing but its junction with a consonant 
can shut it, and consequently unaccented vowels, not ne- 
cessarily joined to a consonant, are always open: there- 
fore, without violating the fundamental laws of pronun- 
ciation, opinion must necessarily be divided into o-pin- 
ion, and not op-in-ion, and the o pronounced as in the 
word open, and not as in opulence .• which was the thing 
to be proved. 

551. If these reasons arc valid with respect to the 
vowel in question, they have the same force with respect 
to every other vowel not shut by a consonant throughout 
the language. That the vowels in this situation are 
actually open, we may easily perceive by observing that 
vowel, which, from its diphthongal and semi-consonant 
sound, is less liable to suffer by obscure pronunciation 
than any other. The letter u, in this situation, always 
preserves itself full and open, as we may observe in utili- 
ty, lucubration, &.c. The o, the most open of ail the sim- 
ple vowels, has the same tendency in obedience, opaque, 
position, &c, the e in the first syllable of event, in the 
second of delegate, the first andthird of evangelist, in 
the second of gaycty, nicely, <fcc., the a in the first, of 
abate, and the second of probable, &.C., and the i in nullity. 
This unaccented letter being no more than c, and this 
sound, when long, corresponding exactly with its short 
sound, which is not the case with tny of the other vow- 
els, (bo) (66,) the difference between the long and short, 
or open and shut sound of this letter, is less perceptible 
than in any other : yet we may easily perceive, that a 
delicate pronunciation evidently leaves it open when un- 
accented in indivisibility, as this word would not be 
justly pronounced if the i in every syllable were closed 
by a consonant, as if divided into in-div-is-ib-U-it-y .■ the 
Jim, third, and fifth syllables, would, indeed, be justly 
pronounced according to this division, as these have all 
accentual force, which shuts this vowel, and joins it to 
the succeeding consonant ; but in the second, fourth, and 
sixth syllables, there is no such force, and consequently 
it must remain open and unconnected with the conso- 
nant ; though, as was before observed, the long and short 
sound of this vowel are so near each other, that the dif- 
ference is less perceived than in the rest. Every car 
would be displeased at such a pronunciation as is indicat- 
ed by ut-til-lit-y, luc-cub-bra-tion, op-pin-ion, pos-ition, 
cv-vent, ev-van-gel-ist, ab-bate, prob-bab-ble, <fcc. ; but, 
for exactly the same reasons, that the vowels out of the 
Rtress ought to be kept open in these words, the slender t 
must be kept open in the same situation in the word in- 
di-vis-i-bil-i-ty, and every similar word in the language.* 

552. From all this it will necessarily follow, that the 
custom adopted by the ancients and moderns of joining 
the single consonant to the latter vowel in syllabication 



| vowels, when final, or pronounced alone, have their open 
sound, so those vowels that are alone, or final in a sylla- 
' ble, must necessarily retain their open sound likewise, 
as nothing but uniting instantaneously with the succeed- 
| in" consonant can shut them: and, though nothing but a 
i delicate ear will direct us to the degree of openness with 
which we must pronounce the first unaccented o in do- 
cility, domestick, potential, proceed, monastick, monoto- 
ny, Hcc, wo may be assured that it is exactly under the 
! same predicament, with respect to sound, in all these 
words ; and, as they can never be pronounced short and 
I shut, a9 if written dossility, dommestick, &c, without 
, hurting the dullest car ; so the e in event, evangelist, &c, 
' and the t in the third syllable of utility, and in the se- 
' cond, fourth, and sixth of indivisibility, can never he 
j sounded as if joined to the consonant without offending 
| every delicate ear, and overturning the first principles of 
i pronunciation. 

I 553. The only considerable exception to this general 
j rule of syllabication, which determines the sound of the 
J unaccented vowels, is when e succeeds the accent, and is 
i followed by r, as in literal, general, misery, &c, which 
i can never be pronounced lit-e-ral, gen-e-ral, mis-e-ry, 
i &c, without the appearance of affectation. In this situa- 
tion, we find the r corrupts the sound of the e, as it docs 
that of every other vowel when in a final, unaccented syl- 
I lable. For, this consonant being nothing more than u 
| jar, it unavoidably mixes with the e in this situation, 
| and reduces it to the obscure sound of short u, (418,) a 
| sound to which the other unaccented vowels before r 
I have sometimes so evident a tendency. 

554. An obscure idea of the principles of syllabication 
! just laid down, and the contradiction to them perceived 
in this exception, has made most of our orthotpists ex- 
tremely wavering and uncertain in their division of words 
into syllables, when the unaccented e has preceded r, 
where we not only find them differing from each other 
but sometimes even from themselves : 



Sheridan. 
miz-ur-ubl, 
mii-zur-y, 
sur-dzhur-y, 
sor-ccr-y, 
rob-bur-y, 
j fore-jcr-y, 
slavc-er-y, 
na-vur-y, 
bra-vur-y, 
cook-cr-y, 
rook-ur-y, 



Kenrick. 

mis-er-y, 

sur-ge-ry, 

sor-ce-ry, 

for-ge-ry, 
sla-ve-ry, 
kna-ve-ry, 



rook-er-y, 
midzh-ry, im-a-ger-y, 
um-mur-y, flum-mer-y, 



• mum-mur-y 
mur-dur-ur, 
: mur-du.r-us 
I fine-ur-y, 
\ gun-nur-y, 
dan-je-rus, 
vo-sif-er-uf 



mum-mer-v, 



gun-ner-y, 
dan-ger-us, 



Scott. 
mis-e-ra-bl, 
mis-e-ry, 
sur-ge-ry, 
sor-ce-ry, 
rob-ber-y, 
for-ge-ry, 
sla-ve-ry, 
Ina-ve^ry, 
bra-vc^ry, 
cock-e^ry, 
rook-e-ry, 
im-a-ger-y, 
fiun-ma^ry, 
mum-me-ry, 
mur-der-cr, 
mur-der-ous, 
f.-ne-ry, 
gun-ne-ry, 
dan-ger-ous, 



Perry. 
mis-cr-a-blr, 
mis-e-ry, 
surg-e-ry, 
sor-ce-ry, 
rob-be-ry, 
fcrg-c-ry, 
sla-ve-ry, 
knav-e-ry, 
brav-e-ry, 
cook-e-ry, 
rook-e-ry, 
im-a-ge-ry, 
fium-mer-ij, 
mum-mc-ry, 
mur-der-er, 
mur-der-ous, 
fine-ry, 
gun-ne-ry, 
dan-ger-ous 



vo-cif-e-rous, vo-cif-er-ous, vn-cif-e-rous, 
som-nif-fer- som-nif-e-rus,som-nif-cr- som-nif-e- 
«*j oits, rous, 



nu-mer-us, \ 
iii-nu-mur-us,- 

ft os-pcr-us, - 

im-prus-pur- ■ 

us, 
ut-ter-ebl, 

un-tU-tcr-ebl, - 



u-me-Tous, nu-me-7-ous, nu-me-rous, 

in-nu-me-rous.in-nu-me-rou;, 

prvs-pcr-ous, pros-per-ous, 

un-pros-per- un-pros-per- 

ou-s, otis, 

ut-ter-a-blc, ut-ter-a-ble, 

nu-ut-ter-a-ble,un-vt-tcr-a-lle 



when investigating the unknown sound of a word, has its !• he should sometimes incli 



j 555. I have been the more copious in my collection of 

these varieties, that I might not appear "to have taken 

; the advantage of any oversight or mistake of the press : 

i nor is it any wonder, when the principles of syllabication 

( so strongly incline us to leave the vowel e, like the other 

i vowels, open before a single consonant; and the ear so 

j decidedly tells us, that this letter is not always open 

when preceded by the accent, and followed by r,— it is no 

wonder, I say, that a writer should be perplexed, and that 



foundation in reason and good sense : that the only rea 
son why vowels are short and shut, is their junction 
with a consonant; so those that are not joined to conso- 
nants, when we are not speaking metrically, cannot be 
said to be either short or shut : and that, as all accented 



* It is plain that Mr. Sheridan considered the unac- 
cented vowel t, whether ending a syllable or joined to 
the succeeding consonant, as standing for the same sound ; 
for we see him sometimes making use of one division, and 
sometimes of another : thus he divides the word di-ver- 
si-ty with the i terminating the penultimate syllable, and 

■H-ni-vcr-int-y with the same i united to fhe consonant, jj no solemnity of pronunciation seems to" admit of the 
ine same variety takes place in the words di-vis-i-bil-i- j; same length'and openness of the e in tolerate, deliberate, 
ty and in-di-v,s-\-b\l-it-y ; while Dr. Kenrick divides all ! &c, it is united with r, and sounded in the notation by 
words ot this termination regularly in the former manner. II short v.. It ought, however, to be carefully observed. 



no to one side, and sometimes 
to the other. I am conscious I have not always been 
free from this inconsistency myself. The examples", there- 
fore, which I have selected, will, I hope, fully justify me 
in the syllabication I have adopted; which is, that of 
sometimes separating the c from the r in this situation, 
and sometimes not. When solemn and deliberate speak- 
ing has seemed to admit of lengthening the e, 1 have 
sometimes made it end the syllable; when this was not 
the case, I have sometimes joined it to the r: thus, as e 
in the penultimate syllable of incarcerate, reverberate, 
&c, seems, in solemn speaking, to admit of a small de- 
gree of length and distinctness, it ends a syllable; but as 



50 



TABLE OF SIMPLE AND DIPHTHONGAL VOWELS. 



that, though the e in this situation is sometimes separat- 
ed from the r, there is no speaking, however deliberate 
and solemn, that will not admit of uniting it to r, and 
pronouncing it like short u, without offending the nicest 
and most critical ear. 

556. It must also be noted, that this alteration of the 
sound of e before r is only when it follows the accent, 
either primary or secondary, (522) (530 ;) for, when it is 
in the first syllable of a word, though unaccented, it 
keeps its true sound : thus, though the e is pronounced 
like u in alter, alteration, &c, yet in perfection,terrifick, 
&.c, this letter is as pure as when the accent is on it in 
perfect, terrible, &c. 

557. Something like the corruption of the sound of 
unaccented e before r, we may perceive in the colloquial 
pronunciation of the vowel o in the same situation ; and 
accordingly we find our best orthoepists differ in their 
notation of this letter : thus memory, memorable, immem- 
orable, memorably, memorise, have the o pronounced like 
short u by Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott ; and memoran- 
dum with the o as in open ; while Dr. Kenrick gives the 
o in all these words the sound it has in the conjunction 
or. Mr. Sheridan marks the unaccented o in corporal, 
corporate, and corporation, like the o in open ; but Mr. 
Scott pronounces this o in corporal, corporate, and cor- 
poration, like short u, and the same letter in incorporate 
and incorporation like Mr. Sheridan ; and Dr. Kenrick 
like the o in the former instances. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. 
Scott are uniform in their pronunciation of the same 
vowel like short u in armour, armorer, armory, pillory, 



suasory, pcrsuasory, allegory, compulsory, cursory, and 
predatory ; while Dr. Kenrick pronounces the o in ar- 
mour and armory like the o in open, and the same letter 
in pillory, allegory, and cursory, like the o in or, nor, 
&c. This diversity among good judges can arise from 
nothing but the same uncertainty of the sound of this 
letter that we have just observed of the e ; but, if we 
narrowly watch our pronunciation, we shall find that the 
unaccented o may be opened and lengthened, in deliberate 
speaking, without hurting the ear, which is not always 
the case with e ; and this has induced me generally to 
separate the o from the succeeding r, when immediately 
following the accent ; though I am sensible that the ra- 
pidity of colloquial speaking often reduces it to short u 
without offending the ear : but, when the o is removed 
more than one syllable from the accent, the most delibe- 
rate speaking generally lets it slide into the other vowel ; 
for which reason I have commonly marked it in this 
manner. See Command. 

558. It may, perhaps, appear to some of my readers, 
that too much time has been spent upon these nice dis- 
tinctions of sound, in which judges themselves are found 
to disagree; but, when we consider how many syllables 
in the language are unaccented, and that these syllables 
are those in which the peculiar delicacy of the pronuncia- 
tion of natives consists ; when we reflect on the necessity 
of having as distinct and permanent sounds as possible, 
to which we may refer these fleeting and evanescent ones, 
we shall not look upon an attempt to arrest and investi- 
gate them as a useless part of philology. 



559. A TABLE of tlvt SIMPLE and DIPHTHONGAL VOWELS, referred to by the Figures 
over the Letters in this Dictionary. 

ENGLISH SOUNDS. FRENCH SOUNDS 

1 . a. The loag slender English a, as in fate, pa-per, dz.c. (73.) i in fie, ipee. 

2. a. The long Italian a, as in far, fa-ther, pa-pa, mam-ma (77.) a in fable, rahie. 

3. a. The broad German a, as in fall, wall, wa-ter (83.) & in &ge, Ch&lons. 

4. a. The short sound of the Italian a, as in fat, mat, mar-ry (81.) a in fat, matin. 

1. e. The long e, as in me, here, me-tre, me-dium (93.) * in mitre, epitre. 

2. e. The short e, as in mel, let, gel (95.) e in mette, nette. 

1. 1. The long diphthongal i, as in pine, tl-tle (105.) . . . ■. at in lalque, naif 

2. t The short simple i, as in pin, tlt-tle (107.) i in inne", tittre. 

1. 6. The long open o, as in n6, n6te, n6-tice (162.) o in globe, lobe. 

2. 5. The long close o, as in mSve, pr6ve (164.) ou in mouvoir,pouvoir. 

3. 6. The long broad o, as in nor, for, 6r ; like the broad a (167.) o in or, for, encor. 

4. 6. The short broad o, as in not, h&t, g&t (163.) o in hotte, cotle. 

1. u. The long diphthongal u, as in tube, cube, Cu-pid (171.) tou'm Cioutat, chiourme. 

2. ft. The short simple u, as in tub, cup, sup (172.) eu in neuf veuf. 

3. u. The middle or obtuse u, as in bull, full, pull (173.) ou in boule, foule,poule. 

61. The long broad 6, and the short 1, as in 611 (299.) o% in cycUfide, heroXque 

6&. The long broad 6, and the middle obtuse u, as in th6&, p6und (313.) . . aou in Aoute. 

Th. The acute or sharp th, as in think, thin. (466.) 
Th. The grave or flat th, as in THis, THat. (41.) (50.) (469.) 



560. When g is printed in the Roman character, it has its hard sound in get, gone, &c. ; as go, give, 
geese, &c. : when it has its soft sound, it is spelled in the notation by the consonant j ; as giant, ginger, ji-ant. 
jin-jer. The same may be observed of s : the Roman character denotes its hard sound in sin, svn &c; 
as so, sit, sense, &c. : its soft sound is spelled by z ; as rose, raise, &c., roze, raze, &c. 



ADVERTISEMENT. 

L* the course of a critical investigation of the powers of the letters in the foregoing Principles, there is 
scarcely a word, of any difficulty or diversity of sound, which has not been noticed, and the true pronunciation, 
with the reasons and authorities for it, pointed out ; so that, if the inspector should not meet with sufficient 
information in the Dictionary under the word, let him cousult the Principles under the vowel, diphthong, or con- 
sonant, he wishes to be explained, and it is highly probable he will meet with the satisfaction he requires. Thus, 
to know something more concerning the g in the word impugn, which some speakers pronounce and others 
suppress, let him look into the Principles under the letter G, No. 386, and he will find additional observations 
to those in the Dictionary under the word. It is true, that most of these doubtful, as well as other words, are 
referred to the Principles ; but, if this reference should by chance be omitted, it is hoped that this Advertise- 
ment will supply the deficiency. 



[The following " Appendix" is found at the ena of the Fourth Edition of Walker's 

Dictionary.] 



APPENDIX. 



The Appendix in the third edition being incorporated into the present, no place could be found for the 
following class of words of the termination in ose, which are so variously accented by our lexicographers} 
but which, from their form and derivation, ought certainly to be pronounced alike. This will evidently 
appear from the following sketch : 

Ash. Johnson. Sheridan. Entick. Kenrick. Perry. Nares. ScotL Buchanan. 

An'heloae, Anhelo'sc, Anhelo'se. 

Silic'ulose, Silic'ulose. 

Cal'culose, Cal'culose, Calculo'se. 

Tu'mulose, Tumulo'se, Tu'mulose, _ Tu'mulose, Tu'mulose, 

An'imose, Animo'se, Animo'se. 

F'ene'nose, Ventno'se, Veneno'se, Vene'nose, .... Veneno'se. 

Are'nose, Areno'se, Areno'se, Are'nose, Areno'se. 

Silig'inose, Silig'inose. 

Cri'nose, Cri'nose, Cri'nose. 

Op'erose, Opero'se, Opero'se, Op'erose, Opero'se, ...„ „ Opero'se, Opero'se, Opero'se. 

Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, .....—. Moro'se, Moro'se. 

Edem'atose, Edemato'se, „ Edem'atose, Edem'atose. 

Com'atose, Comato'se, Com'atose, Comato'se. 

Ace'tose, Aceto'se, Aceto'se, Ace'tose, .. _.. Ace'tose, ', Aceto'se. 

A'quose, Aquo'se, Aquo'se, A'quose, „ M . „ Aquo'se. 

Si'liquose, Sil'iquose, * Siliquo'se, Si'liquose, Si'liquose, Sil'iquose. 

Ac'tuose, Actuo'st. 

Pu'licose, Pu'licose, Pulico'se. 

The variety of accentuation, which this sketch exhibits, sufficiently shows how uncertain are our dic- 
tionaries where usage is obscure. From the decided prevalence of the accent on the last syllable of these 
words, we may easily guess at the analogy of pronunciation, and, with very little hesitation, determine that 
the accent ought to be placed on the last syllable of them all 



[The following " Conclusion" is found at the end of the Fourth Edition of Walker's 

Dictionary.] 



conclusion. 

Thus, after many years of labour and anxious observation, a great part of which 
has been bestowed on this Dictionary, I have given many additional corrections and 
improvements to a fourth edition of it. The favourable reception it has met with from 
the Publick demands my warmest acknowledgements, but at the same time makes me 
regret the diminished value of the former editions, from the various corrections and 
improvements in this ; but the judicious and candid observer will acknowledge, that 
a work comprehending such an infinite number of nice distinctions, and minute par- 
ticulars, which (as Dr. Lowth observes) often escape observation when they are 
most obvious, would naturally admit of several corrections and amendments in 
future editions. I have dissembled no difficulty ; I have stifled no objection ; 
and have sometimes chosen to risk the appearance of uncertainty and indecision, to 
those who are easily imposed upon by confidence and self-sufficiency, rather than 
hazard the opinion of the judicious few, by deciding without adequate reasons : and 
this edition, the result of much fatigue and anxiety, has, I flatter myself, fewer faults 
than any similar work of the same delicacy, extent, and complexity. With thank- 
fulness, therefore, to God, who has supported me through the whole of it, I once 
more consign it tc the candid and discerning Publick. 



TODD'S JOHNSONS DICTIONARY, 

* p 

AS ABRIDGED BY CHALMERS, 

AND 

WALKER'S 
CRITICAL PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, 

UNITED. 



77ie figures refer to tlie numbers in the Principles of Pronunciation prefaced to this Dictionary, when 

the" different sounds of the letters are explained at large. Thus 73 refers to the first sound of the letter A j 9S 

to the first sound of tlie letter E ; and so of the rest. 
The figures over the letters refer to the vowels in the words at the top of the page ; and the index (EP before 

these words refers to tlie Table of Simple and Diphthongal Sounds, where the different sounds of the vowels 

are exhibited at one view. Thus O* 559 refers to tlie Table in page 50. 



ID 3 559.— Fate 73, far 77, fall 83, fat 81;— me 93, met 95 ;— pine 105, pin, 107;— n6 162, move 164, 
nor 167, n6t 163 ;— tube 171, tab 172, bull 173; — 6?1 299;— pound 313;— thin 466, THis 469. 



I HAS, in the English language, regularly only 
X. two sounds peculiar to itself, a short and a 
long one; all other sounds being irregular; and 
those of a are various, according to its combina- 
tion with other letters. The broad sound, resem- 
bling that of the German a, is found in many of 
our monosyllables, as all, wall, malt, salt ; in which 
a is pronounced as au in cause, or aw in law. A 
open, not unlike the a of the Italians, is found, Dr. 
Johnson says, in father, rather, and more obscurely 
in fancy, fast, &c. This pronunciation is indeed 
found in rath, but not in its derivative rather, the a 
of which is usually uttered as in fancy. A slender, 
or close, is the peculiar a of the English language, 
resembling the sound of the French e masculine, or 
diphthong ai in pais, or perhaps a middle sound 
between them, or between the a and e ; to this the 
Arabick a is said nearly to approach ; as in the 
words place, face, waste, and all those that termi- 
nate in ation ; as, relation, nation, generation. A 
is also, in some words, transient and unobserved, 
as in the last syllables of carriage and marriage ; 
in others less faintly sounded, as in those of cap- 
tain and chaplain ; and in some obscurely uttered, 
as in collar, jocular. A, an article set before nouns 
of the singular number ; a man, a tree. Before 
words beginning with a vowel and h mute, it is 
written an ; as, an ox, an egg, archonour, an habitual 
practice. A is sometimes a noun; as, a great A. 
A is placed before a participle, or participial noun ; 
and is considered as a contraction of at; as, I am 
a walking. It also seems to be anciently contract- 
ed from at, when placed before local surnames ; 
as Thomas a Becket. In other cases it seems to 
signify to ; and in some cases it signifies in. A, 

Erefixed to many, or few, implies one whole num- 
er ; as, Told of a many thousand warlike French. 
SJwJcs. A has a peculiar signification, denoting 
the proportion of one thing to another ; as, The 
landlord hath a hundred a year. In burlesque 
poetry, it lengthens out a syllable, without adding 
to the sense ; as, line-a, rhyming to China. Drijden. 
A is sometimes corruptly put for he ; as, will a 
come ? for will lie come ? It is also a barbarous 
corruption for have. A, in composition, seems to 
have sometimes the power of the French a in these 

Chrases, a droit, a gauche, &c. and sometimes to 
e contracted from at, Dr. Johnson says ; as, 



aside, aslope, afoot, asleep, athirst, aware. Yet 
some of these are not so contracted. They are 
the same as on side, on foot, on sleep. So adays 
was formerly written on daiis ; aboard, on board 
There are words of which the a is become so com- 
ponent a part as not to be displaced ; as, afresh, 
alive, aloud, anew ; but it is redundant in arise, 
arouse, awake. A, in abbreviations, stands for 
artium, or arts; as, A. B. bachelor of arts, arti- 
um baccalaureus ; A. M. master of arts, artium 
magister : or anno ; as, A. D. anno domini. A, 
with the addition of the two Latin words per se, 
meaning by itself, is used by our elder writers to 
denote a nonesuch. It may have been adopted 
from the custom of the child's school, in which 
every letter, we may presume, was taught to be 
expressed per se. 
95= A. 73. The change of the letter a into an before a 
vowel or mute h for the sake of sound, seems to deserve 
more attention than has generally been given to it by 
any of our grammarians, and will therefore be consider- 
ed under the article An ; which see. 

Of the Alphabetical Pronunciation of the Letter A. 

So many profound and ingenious observations have been 
made upon this first step to literature, that volumes 
might be filled with the erudition that has been lavish- 
ed on this letter alone. The priority of place it claims, 
in all alphabets, has made it so much the object of at- 
tention, that philologists suppose the foundation of 
learning but weakly laid till the natural and civil his- 
tory of the first letter be fully settled. 

But, however deep have been their researches into the 
origin of this letter, we find no anthor in our language 
has hitherto attempted to settle the disputes that have 
arisen between the natives of England, Ireland, anil 
Scotland, about the true sound of it, when called by its 
name. Instead, therefore, of tracing this character 
through the circles of Gomer, the Egyptian Hiero- 
glyphicks, the mysterious Abraxas, or the Irish Ogum,I 
shall endeavour to obviate a difficulty that frequently 
arises when it is pronounced in the Hornbook ; or, in 
other words, to inquire what is the true name of the 
first letter of the English alphabet — whether we are to 
say Aye, B, C ; Ah, B, C ; or Aw, B, C, 

And first, it will be necessary to consider tiie nature of a 
vowel ; which grammarians are generally agreed in de- 
fining to be " a simple artieulate sound, formed by th« 
impulse of the voice by the opening only of the mouth 
in a particular manner." Now, as every vowel by it- 
self is sounded long, as nothing but its junction with a 
53 



ABA 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, ffct;— me, mSt 5— pine, pin;— 



consonant can make it otherwise, it is natural, when 
'pronouncing this vowel alone, to give it the long open 
. sound } but as this long open sound is threefold, as 
heard in face, father, and water, a question arises, 
which of these long sounds shall we adopt as a common 
name to the whole species of this letter ? The English 
make choice of the a in face, the Irish of that in father, 
and the Scotch of that in water. Each party produces 
words where the letter a is sounded in the manner they 
contend for; but when we demand why one should 
have the preference, the controversy is commonly at an 
end ; any farther reasons arc either too remote or too 
insignificant to be produced: and indeed, it a diversity 
of names to vowels did not confound us in our spelling, 
or declaring to each other the component letters of a 
word, it would be entirely needless to enter into so 
trifling a question as the mere name of a letter ; but 
when we find ourselves unable to convey signs to each 
other on account of this diversity of names, and that 
words themselves are endangered by an improper ut- 
terance of their component parts, it seems highly in- 
cumbent on us to attempt a uniformity in this point, 
which, insignificant as it may seem, is undoubtedly the 
foundation of a just and regular pronunciation. 
The first rule for naming a letter, when pronounced alone, 
seems to be this : Whatever sound we give to a letter 
when terminating a syllable, the same sound ought to 
be given to it when pronounced alone ; because, in 
both cases, they have their primary, simple sound, un- 
influenced by a succeeding vowel or consonant ; and 
therefore, when we pronounce a letter alone, it ought 
to have such a sound as does not suppose the existence 
of any other letter. But wherever a terminates a sylla- 
ble with the accent upon it, (the only state in which it 
can be said to be pure,) it has always the English sound 
of that letter. The only exceptions to this rule are, the 
words fa-ther, master, and wa-ter ; and that these are 
merely exceptions, appears from the uniformity with 
which the a is pronounced otherwise in parent, papal, 
taper, fatal, ,&c. The other vowels have their names 
exactly similar to the sound they have in a similar situ- 
ation, as the e like that in me-grim, the i like the i in 
ti-lle ; the as the in no-ble, and the u like the u in 
tu-tor. Thus, as it appears from the general analogy 
of pronunciation, that the sound of the a, which the 
English adopt, is the only one that does not necessarily 
suppose the existence of any other sound,-it inevitably 
follows, that theirs only is the proper appellation of that 
letter. 
But there is another analogy by which we may determine 
the true sound of the vowels when pronounced singly ; 
and that is, the sound they have when preserved long 
and open by the final e. Thus we call the letter e by 
the sound it has in theme, the letter i as it sounds in 
time, the letter as heard in tone, and the u as in tune ,- 
and why the letter a should not be pronounced as heard 
In face, cannot be conceived ; as each of the T)ther vow- 
els has, like a, a variety of other sounds, as they are 
united with letters which, in some measure, alter their 
quality. 
In consequence of entertaining a different idea o'f the a, 
when pronounced in the alphabet, we see the natives of 
Ireland very prone to a different pronunciation of the 
words where this letter occurs ; and, indeed, it is quite 
consistent with their doctrine of the sound of a, that the 
words parent, papal, taper, and fatal, should be pro- 
nounced pah-rent, pah-pal, tah-per, arid fah-tal. We 
find the Scotch likewise inclinable to the same pronun- 
ciation of o when in words, as when alone. Thus we 
hear Sawtan for Satan, sawcrcd for sacred, and law-ity 
for laity ; and this is perfectly consistent with the 
manner in which they pronounce the letter a, when 
alone: there is no medium. If this be not the true pro- 
nunciation of these words, the a is certainly to be sound- 
ed as the English do : for, whenever the English give 
the Italian sound, as it may be called, to the a, except 
in the words father and master, it is always inconse- 
quence of its junction with some consonant, which de- 
termines it to that sound ; as in monosyllables termi- 
nating in r, as bar, car, far ; but where it is not affect- 
ed by a succeeding consonant, as in the words parent, 
papal, natal, fatal, we then hear it pronounced as the 
slender English a, both in and out of composition. 
It will, perhaps, be objected, that the most frequent short 
sound of o, as heard in cat, rat, mat, carry, marry, 
parry, is the short sound of the Italian a in father, 
car, mar, par, and not the short sound of the a in care, 
mare, and pare : but it may be answered, that this 
■want of correspondence between the name of the letter, 
and the most frequent short sound, is common to the 
rest of the vowels: for the 0, as heard in cot, not, rot, is 
not the short sound of the in eoat, note, wrote, but 
of the a in water, or of the diphthongs in caught, 



naught, and wrought ; and if we ought to call the a, 
ah, because its short sound corresponds to ah, for the 
very same reason we ought to call the o, au ; and a sim- 
ilar alteration must take place with the rest of the 
vowels. As therefore, from the variety of sounds the 
vowels have, it is impossible to avoid the inconvenience 
of sometimes sounding the letter one way in a syllable, 
and another way in a word, we must either adopt the 
simple long sound when we would pronounce the letter 
alone, or invent new names for every different sound in 
a different word, in order to obviate the difficulty. 

It must not be dissembled, however, that the sound of a, 
when terminating a syllable not under the accent, 
seems more inclined to the Irish than the English a, 
and that the ear is less disgusted with the sound of 
Ah-mer-i-cah than of A-mer-i-cay .- but to this it may 
be answered, that letters not under the accent, in a 
thousand instances deviate from their true sound : that 
the vowel a, like several other vowels in a final sylla- 
ble not accented, has an obscure sound, bordering on u : 
but if the a, in this situation, were pronounced ever so 
distinctly, and that this pronunciation were clearly the 
a in father, it would be nothing to the purpose ; when 
the a is pronounced alone, it may be said not only to be 
a letter, but a distinct character, and a noun substan- 
tive ; and, as such, has the same force as the letters in 
an accented syllable. The letter a, therefore, as the 
first character in the alphabet, may always be said to 
have the accent, and ought to have the same long, open 
sound, as is given to that letter when accented ir. a syl- 
lable, and not influenced in its sound by any preceding 
or succeeding consonant. 

We may therefore conclude, that if all vowels, when pro- 
nounced alone, are accented and long, if spelling be the 
pronunciation of letters alone, (as it would be absurd to 
suppose ourselves acquainted with the different conso- 
nants that determine the sound of the vowels before 
they are pronounced,) it follows, that in spelling, or re- 
peating the component parts of a word, we ought to 
give those parts their simple and uncombined sound . 
but there is no uncombined sound of the vowel a, ex- 
cept the slender sound contended for, unless in the 
words father and master ; and therefore, when we re- 
peat letters singly, in order to declare the sound of a 
word, we must undoubtedly give the first letter of the 
alphabet the sound we ever give it in the first syllable 
of the numerous class la-dy, pa-gan, ma-son, basin, &c. 

Thus, after placing every objection in its strongest light, 
and deducing our arguments from the simplest and 
clearest principles, this important question seems at 
last decided in favour of the English ; who, indepen- 
dent of the arguments in their favour, may be presumed 
to have a natural right to determine the name of the 
letter in question, though it has been so often litigated 
by their formidable and learned, though junior, rela- 
tions. For though, in some cases, the natives of Ire- 
land and Scotland adhere rather more closely to analogy 
than the English themselves, yet in this we find the 
English pronounce perfectly agreeable to rule; and 
that the slender pronunciation of the letter a, as they 
pronounce it in the alphabet, is no more than giving it 
that simple sound it ever has, when unconnected with 
vowels or consonants that alter its power. W. 

AARO'NICAL*, a-ron'-e-kal. a. That which re- 
lates to the priesthood of Aaron. 

AB§,ab, at the beginning of the names of places, 
generally shows that they have some relation to an 
abbey ; as, Abingdon. Gibson. 

A'BACIST*. ab'-a-slst. n. s. [abacista, Lai.] He 
who easts accounts ; a calculator. See Abacus. 

ABA'CK, a-bak'. ad. Backwards. Ob. J. Spen- 
ser. A sea term. Backward with the sails flatted 
against the mast. Diet. 

ABA'CK* a-bak'. n. s. [abacus, Lat.} A plinth, 
or flat square stone, on the capital ot a pillar, or 
simplv a square surface. Coronation Pageant. 

A'BACOT*, ab'-a-k6t. n. 5. The cap of state, used 
in old times by our English kings, wrought up in 
the figure of two crowns. Ob. T. 

ABACTOR, a-bak'-t6r. n. s. [Lat.] One who 
drives away or steals cattle in herds, or great num- 
bers at once, in distinction from those that steal 
only a sheep or two. 

A'BACUS, ab'-a-kfis. n. s. [Lat.] A. counting- 
table, anciently used in calculations. The upper- 
most member of a column. Diet. 

ABA'FT, a-bafV. 545. ad. [abaptan, Sax." k7iind.} 
From the fore-part of the ship, towards- the stern. 
Diet. 

54 



ABA 



ABD 



— nd, mdve, ndr, not ;— tube, t&b, bull;— 611 ;— pdund ;— th\n, THi 



ABAI'SANCE, a-ba'-sansc. n. s. [abaisser, Fr.] An 

act of reverence, a bow 
To ABA'LIENATES.ab-ale'-yen-ate. v.a. [abalie- 
no, Lat.] In civil law ; to make that another's which 
was our own before. To estrange ; to withdraw 
the affection. Abp. Sandys. 
ABALIENAT10N,ab-ale-yen-a'-shun. n.s. In law, 
the act of giving up one's right to another person. 
Diet. 
To ABA ND, a-band'. v. a. To forsake. Spenser. 

Ob. J. 
7\> ABA'NDON^ a-ban'-d&n. 166. v. a. [abandon- 
ner, Fr.] To give up, resign, or quit. Gower. To 
desert ; to forsake ; in an ill sense. Sidney. To 
forsake; to leave. Spenser. To drive away; to 
banish. Shak. 
To ABANDON OVER, a-ban'-dun-6-vur. v.a. A 
form of writing not usuai ; to give up to, to resign. 
Dryden. 
ABANDON*, a-ban'-d&n. n. s. A forsaker; he who 
has abandoned or left a thing. Sir E. Sandys. 
A relinquishment. Ld. Karnes. 
ABANDONED, a-ban'-dund. 362. participial a. 
Corrupted in the highest degree ; as, an abandoned 
wretch. Nelson. 
ABA NDONER*, a-ban'-dun-ur. n. s. A forsaker. 

Beaum. and Fl. 
ABANDONING, a-ban'-dfin-fog. n.s. A leaving 

or forsaking. Clarendon. 
ABANDONMENT, a-ban'-dun-ment. n. s. The act 

of abandoning. Cotgrave. 
ABANNITION, a-ban-nish'-un. n. 5. [abannitio, 
Lat.] A banishment for one or two years for man- 
slaughter. Diet. Ob. J. 
To ABA'RE§ f a-bare'. v.a. [abapjan, Sax.] To 

make bare, uncover, or disclose. Diet. 
A B ARTICULATION, ab-ar-tlk-A-la'-shun. 290. 
7i. s. [ab, from, and articuhts, a joint, Lat.] That 
species of articulation that has manifest motion. 
Diet. 
To ABA'SE§, a-base'. v.a. [abaisser, Fr.] To de- 
press ; to lower. Bacon. To cast down; to de- 
press; to bring low. Sidney. 
ABA'S ED, a-baste'.a. A term in heraldry , used of the 
wings of eagles, when the top looks downwards to- 
wards the point of the shield; or when the wings 
are shut. Chambers. 
ABATEMENT, a-base'-ment. n. s. The state of be- 
ing brought low ; the act of bringing low ; depres- 
sion. Ecclesiasticus. 
To ABA'SH §, a-bash/. v. a. [abaisser, Fr.] To put 
into confusion ; to make ashamed. It generally 
implies a sudden impression of shame. Milton. 
The passive admits the particle at, sometimes of, 
before the causal noun. Ecclesiasticus. 
ABA'SHMENT*, a-bash'-ment. n.s. The state of 
being ashamed. Skelton. Cause of confusion. Ellis. 
To ABATES, a-bate'. 645. v. a. [abbatre, Fr.] To 
lessen ; to diminish. Sir John Davies. To deject, 
or depress the mind. Spenser. To let down the 
price in selling ; sometimes to beat down the price 
in buying. Sir G. Paul. 
To ABATE, a-bate'. v. n. To grow less ; as, his 
passion abates ; the storm abates ; used sometimes 
with the particle of, oefore the thing lessened. 
Dryden. In common law, it is used both actively 
and neuterly ; as, to abate a castle, to beat it down. 
To abate a writ, is, by some exception, to defeat 
or overthrow it. Cowel. In horsemanship, a horse 
is said to abate or take down his curvets ; when 
working upon curvets, he puts his two hind- 
legs to the ground both at once, and observes the 
same exactness in all the times. Diet. 
ABATEMENT, a-bate'-ment.n. s. The act of abat- 
ing or lessening. Swift. The state of being abated. 
Arbuthnot. The sum or quantity taken away by 
the act of abating. Fell. The cause of abating ; 
extenuation. Atterbury. In law, the act of the 
abator; or the affection or passion of the thing 
abated ; as, abatement of the writ. Cowel. An 
accidental mark, which being added to a coat of 
arms, the dignity of it is abased. Dr. Spenser. 



ABATER, a-bi'-tfir. 98. n. s. The agent or caus*» 

by which an abatement is procured. More. 
ABA T1S*, [Fr.] A military term. It means trees 
cut down, and so laid as to form a defence for troops 
stationed behind them. 
ABATOR, a-ba'-tur. n. s. One who intrudes into 
houses or land, not entered upon by the legal heir. 
Diet. 
A'BATUDE, ab'-a-tude. n. s. Any thing diminish- 
ed. Bailey. 
A'BATURE, ab'-a-tshure. «. s. [abatre, Fr.] Sprigs 
of grass thrown down by a stag in his passing by, 
Dict.^ 
ABB, ab. n. s. The yarn on a weaver's warp. 

Chambers. 
A'BBA, ab'-ba, n. s. [3N, Heb.] A Syriack word 

which signifies father. Romans. 
; A BBACY, ab'-ba-se. 542. n. s. The rights or priv- 
I ileges of an abbot. Ayliffe. 
ABBATIAL*, ab-ba'-shal. a. Relating to an ab- 
bey. Sir F. Eden. 
A'BBESS, ab'-bess. n. s. [abbatissa, Lat.] The supe- 
riour or governess of a nunnery or monastery ol 
women. SJuik. 
A'BBEY, or A'BBY, ab'-be. 270. n. s. [abbatia, Lat.] 
A monastery of religious persons, whether men or 
women, distinguished from religious houses of other 
denominations by larger privileges. Shak. 
A'BBEY-LUBBER, ab'-be-lSb-bur. n.s. A sloth- 
ful loiterer in a religious house, under pretence of 
retirement and austerity. Dryden. 
A'BBOT, ab'-but. 166. n.s. [abbas, lower Lat.] The 
chief of a convent, or fellowship of canons. Cowel. 
A'BBOTSHIP, ab'-but-shlp. n. s. The state of an 

abbot. Diet. 
To ABBREVIATE $, ab-bre'-ve-ate. 505. v. a. [ab- 
breviare, Lat.] To shorten by contraction of parts 
without loss of the main substance ; to abridge. 
Bacon. To shorten; to cut short. Brown. 
ABBREVIATE*, ab-bre'-ve-ate. n.s. An abridge- 
ment. Sir T. Elyot. 
ABBREVIATION, ab-bre-ve-a'-shun. n. s. The 
act of abbreviating. Smith. The means used to 
abbreviate, as characters signifying whole words ; 
words contracted. Swift. 
ABBREVIATOR, ab-bre-ve-a'-tur. 521. n.s. One 

who abbreviates or abridges. West. 
ABBRE'VIATORY*, ab-bre'-ve-a-tur-re. a. That 

which abbreviates or shortens. 
ABBREVIATURE, ab-bre y -ve-a-tshure. 461. n. s. 
A mark used for the sake of shortening. Brown. A 
compendium or abridgement. Bp. Taylor. 
ABBREUVOIR, ab-bruh-vwar'. [Fr.] A water- 
ing-place ; among masons, the joint or juncture of 
two stones, or the interstice between two stones to 
be filled up with mortar. Diet. 
ABBY. See Abbey. 

A, B, C, aye-be-se. The alphabet. Shak. The lit- 
tle book by which the elements of reading are 
taught. Shak. 
A'BDICANT*, ab'-de-kant. part. a. Abdicating, 

renouncing ; with of. Whitlock. 
To ABDICATE $, ab'-de-kate. 503. v. a. [abdico, 
Lat.] To give up right ; to resign, to lay down an 
office. Hall. To deprive of right. Burton. 
To A'BDICATE*, ab'-de-kate. v.n. To resign, 

to give up right. Swift. 
ABDICATION, ab-de-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of 
abdicating ; resignation. Swift. The act of re- 
nouncing any thing. L. Addison. Deprivation j 
rejection. Hammond. 
A'BDICATP7E, ab'-de-ka-tiy. 512. a. Causing or 

implying an abdication. Did. 
J)i/° Dr. Johnson places the accent on the first syllable of 
this word, and Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Perry on the 
second. The former is, in my opinion, the most cor- 
rect. W. 
A'BDITDTE, ab'-de-t?v. a. [abdo, Lat. to hide.] That 

which has the power or quality of hiding. Diet. 

A'BDITORY*, ab'-de-tur-re. n. s. [abditorium, low 

Lat.l A place to hide and preserve goods in. Cowel. 

ABDO'MENS, ab-d^-men. 503. 521. n. s. That 

55 



ABI 



ABL 



E7* 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ; 



ay, or leading away. Blackstone, 
lU'CTOR^-dW-lfa.m.n. s. [Lat.] Mus- 



cavity commonly called the lower venter or 
belly, containing the stomach, guts, liver, &c. 
Quiney. 

ABDOMINAL, ab-ddm'-me-nal. ) a. Relating to 

ABDOMINOUS, ab-d&m'-me-nfis. 5 the abdomen. 
To ABDV'CFA, ab-duse'. v.a. [abduco, Lat.] To 
draw to a different part; to withdraw one part 
from another. Brown. 

ABDU'CENT, ab-du'-sent. a. Those muscles which 
serve to open or pull back divers parts of the body. 
Diet. 

ABDU'CTION, ab-duk'-shun. n. s. The act of draw- 
ing apart, or withdrawing one part from another. 
Smith. , A particular form of argument. Taking 
awa 

ABD 
cles which serve to draw back the several mem- 
bers. Arbuthnot. 

ToABE'AR$*,a-bare'. [abaepan, Sax.] To bear 5 
to behave ; to demean. Spenser. 

ABEARANCE*, a-bare'-anse. n. s. Behaviour, a 
technical term. Blackstone. 

ABECEDARIAN, a-be-se-da'-re-an. n. s. A teach- 
er of the alphabet, or first rudiments of literature. 
Cocker am. 

ABECEDARY, a'-be-se-der-e. a. Belonging 
to the alphabet. Inscribed with the alphabet. 
Brown, 

ABED, a-bed'. ad. In bed. Sidney. To bed. A 
vulgarism. Beaum. and Fl. 

ABE RRANCE §, ab-er'-ranse. ) n. s. [aberro, Lat.] 

ABE'RRANCY^ab-eV-ran-se. ) A deviation from 
the right way ; an errour ; a mistake. Brown. 

ABE'RRANT, ab-eV-rant. a. Deviating from the 
right way. Diet. 

ABERRATION, ab-gr-ra'-shun. n. s. Deviating 
from the common or right track. Glanville. 

ABE'RRING, ab-eV-r?ng. 410. part. Wandering, 
going astray. Sir T. Brown. 

ToABERU'NCATE,ab-e-run / -kate. 91. v. a. [avc- 
runco, Lat.] To pull up by the roots ; to extir- 
pate utterly. Diet. 

To ABE'T§, a-beV. v.a. [betan, Sax.] To push for- 
ward another; to support him in his designs by 
connivance, encouragement, or help. Cowel. 

ABET* a-bet'. n. s. The act of abetting or assisting. 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

ABE'TMENT, a-beV-ment. n. s. The act of abet- 
ting. Wotton. 

ABE'TTER, or ABE'TTOR, a-beY-tur. 418. n.s. 
He that abets ; the supporter or encourager of an- 
other. Government of the Tongue.. 

ABEY'ANCE$, a-ba'-anse. n.s. The right of fee- 
simple lieth in abeyance, when it is all only in the 
remembrance, intendment, and consideration of 
the law. Blackstone. 

To AGGREGATE §*, ab'-gre-gate. [abgrego, Lat.] 
To lead out of the flock. Diet. 

ABGREGATION, ab-gre-ga/-shun. n.s. A sepa- 
ration from the flock. Diet. 

To ABHO'RS, ab-h6r'. 168. v. a. [abhorreo, Lat.] To 
hate with acrimony; to detest to extremity; to 
loathe ; to abominate. Shak. To disdain ; to neg- 
lect. Psalm xxii. With/ ro?n. A Latinism. Bp. 
Taylor. 

ABHO'RRENCE, ab-h6r'-rense. ) n. s. The act of 

ABHO'RRENCY,ab-h6r;-ren : se. $ abhorring; de- 
testation. South. The disposition to abhor; hatred. 
Decay of Piety. "With from. Barrow. 

ABHO'RRENT, ab-h6r'-rent. 168. a. Struck with 
abhorrence ; loathing. Thomson. Conn ary to ; for- 
eign; inconsistent with. It is used with the par- 
ticles from or to, but more properly with from. 
Glanville. 

ABHO'RRENTLY*, ab-hor'-rent-le. ad. In an ab- 
horrent manner. 

ABHO'RRER, ab-hSr'-rfir. 168. n. s. A hater, de- 
tester. Donne. 

ABHO'RRING, ab-hor'-rlng. n. s. The object or 
feeling of abhorrence. Donne. 

7b ABIDE §, a-blde'. v. n. [abiban, Sax.] To 
stay in a place. Gen. xliv. To dwell. Sliak. To 



remain ; not to cease or fail. Psalm exxv. To con 
tinue in the same state. Prov. xix. To endure 
without offence. Bp. Hall. 

To ABIDE, a-blde'. v. a. To wait for, expect, at- 
tend. Spenser. To bear or support the conse- 
quences. Milton. To bear or support, without 
being destroyed. Woodward. To bear without, 
aversion. Sidney. To bear or suffer. Pope. 

ABLDER, a-bl'-dfir. 98. n. s. He that abides in a 
place. Sidney. 

ABIDING, a-bl'-dfng. 410. n. s. Continuance; stay. 
Raleigh. Formerly it signified remaining behind. 
Bai-ret. 

A'BJECTS, ab'-j&U. 492. a. Mean; worthless: 
spoken of persons, or their qualities. Shak. Lan- 

fuage, mean or low. Bp. Newcome. Being of no 
ope or regard. Milton. Mean and despicable. 

Dryden. 
A'BJECT, ab'-jekt. n. s. A man without hope; one 

of the lowest condition. Psalm xxxv. 
To ABJE'CT, ab-jekt'. 492. v. a. [abjicio, Lat.] To 

throw or cast away. Sir T. Elyol. To throw or 

cast down. Spenser. 
ABJE'CTEDNESS, ab-jekt'-ed-ness. n. s. The state 

of an abject. Boyle. 
ABJE'CTlON,ab-jeV-shfin. n.s. Meanness of mind; 

want of spirit. Hooker. The slate of being cast 

away, or lost. Bale. The state of being cast down. 

Bp. Taylor. The act of humbling ; humiliation. 

ABJECTLY, ab'-jekt-le. 452. ad. Meanly, basely. 
Tit. Andron. 

ABJECTNESS, ab'-jekt-ness. n.s. Abjection; 
meanness. Government oftlie Tongue. 

ABFLIMENT*, a-bll'-e-ment. n. s. See Habil- 
iment. It is also used for ability. Ford. N 

ABFLITY, a-bfl'-e-te. 482. n. s. [habilite, Fr J The 
power to do any thing. Sidney. Capacity ofmind : 
mental power. Dan. i. With the plural number, 
abilities, it frequently signifies the faculties of the 
mind. Swift. 

ABINTESTATE, ab-?n-teV-tate. a. [ab, from, and 
intestatus, Lat.] He that inherits from a man who 
did not make a will. 

ABJUDICATED §*, ab-ju'-de-ka-ted. part. a. Given 
by judgement from one to another. Diet. 

ABJUDICATION*, ab-ju-de-k<V-shun. n.s. Re- 
jection. 

To AB'JUGATE §, ab'-ju-gate. v. a. [ahjugo, Lat.] 
To unyoke. Diet. 

ABJURATION, ab-ju-ra'-shdn. n. s. The act of 
abjuring; the oath taken for that end. Ayliffe. 

To ABJlrRES, ab-jure'. v.a. [abjuro, Lat.] 'To cast 
oft* upon oath, to swear not to do, or not to have, 
something. Shak. To retract, recant, or abnegate 
a position upon oath. Shak. To banish. From 
the custom of abjuring tlve realm by felons who had . 
taken sanctuary. Sadler. 

To ABJU'RE*, ab-jure'. v. n. To abjure the realm. 
Burnet. 

ABJU'REMENT*, ab-jure'-ment. n. s. Renuncia- 
tion. J. Hall. 

ABJU'RER*, ab-ju'-rur. n. s. He who abjures. 

To ABLA'CTAf E $, ab-lak'-tate. 91. v. a. [ablacto, 
Lat.] To wean from the breast. 

ABLACTATION, ab-lak-la'-shun. n.s. One of the 
methods of grafting. 

ABLAQUEATION, ab-la-kwe-a'-sh&n. 534. n.s. 
[ablaqueatio, Lat.] The act or practice of opening 
the ground about the roots of trees. Evelyn. 

ABLATION^ ab-la'-shfin. n. s. [ablatio ,Lat.] The 
act of taking away. 

ABLATIYE, ab'-la-flv. 158. a. That which takes 
away. The sixth case of the Latin nouns. 

ABLE$, a'-bl. 405. a. [abal, Sax. strength.] Hav- 
ing strong faculties, or great strength ; power of 
mmd. Bacon. Having power sufficient ; enabled. 
South. Prov. xxvii. Fit, proper. Chaucer. 

To ABLE, a'-bl. v. a. To enable, or uphold. B. 

Jonson. 
ABLE-BODIED, a-bl-b6d'-d?d. 99. a. Strong of 
body. Addison. 

56 



ABO 



ABO 



-n6, move, nor, not} — tube, lib, bull;— ojl;— pound;— thin, thjs. 



To ABLEGATE §, ab'-le-gate. t>. a. [abiego, Lat.] 

To scad abroad upon some employment. Did. 

ABLEGATION, ab-le-ga'-sh&n. n.s. The act of 
sending abroad. Diet. 

A'BLENESS, a'-bl-nes. n. s. Ability of body or 
mind, vigour, force. Sidney. Capability. Sheldon. 

A'BLEPSY, ab'-lep-se. 482. n.s. ['A(3\c^ia, Gr.] 
Want of sight; blindness; unadvisedness. Diet. 

ABLIG UR1TION , ab-le-gu-rfsh'-un. n. s. [abliguri- 
tio, Lat.] Prodigal expense on meat and drink. 
Diet. 

7't)A / BLIGATE,abM6-gate. v. a. [abligo, Lat.] To 
tie up from. Diet. 

To ALLOCATE*, ab'-io-kate. v. a. [aJbloco, Lat.] 
To let out to hire. Calvin. 

ALLOCATION, abM6-ka-shun. n. s. A letting out 
to hire. 

To ABLU'DE, ab-lude'. v. n. [abludo, Lat.] To 
be unlike; to differ. Bp. Hall. 

A'BLUENT, ab'-lu-ent. a. [abluens, Lat. from ab- 
luo.] That which washes clean. That which has 
the power of cleansing. Diet. 

ABLUTION, ab-lu'-shun. n. s. The act of cleansing, 
or washing clean. Bp. Taijlor. The water used 
in washing. Pope. The rinsing of chymical prep- 
arations in water. The cup given, without conse- 
cration, to the laity in the popish churches. 

A'BLY*, a'-ble. ad. With ability. 

roA'BNEGATE^ab'-ne-gate. 91. v. a. [abnego, 
Lat.] To deny. De Lolrne. » 

ABNEGATION, ab-ne-ga'-shfin. n. s. Denial, re- 
nunciation. Hammond. 

A'BNEGATOR* ab'-ne-ga-tur. n. s. One who de- 
nies, renounces, or opposes any thing. Sir E. San- 
di/s. 

ABNODATION, ab-no-da'-shun. n.s. [abnodatio, 
Lat.] The act of cutting away knots from trees. 
Diet. 

ABNO'RMITY$, ab-nSr'-me-te. n. s. \abnormUas, 
i. e. enormitas, barb. Lat.] Irregularity; deformity. 
Diet. 

ABNO'RMOUS, ab-nSr'-mus. a. Irregular; missha- 
pen. Diet. 

ABO'ARD, a-b6rd'. 295. ad. [a bord, Fr.] In a ship. 
Spenser. Into a ship. Addison. 

ABO'ARD*, a-b6rd'. prep. On board; in; with. 
Beoujn. and Fl. 

ABOTJANCE*, a-b6 / -danse. An omen. Dr. Jackson. 

ABO'DE, a-b6de'. n. s. [bode or bod^Teut. a house.] 
Habitation; dwelling; place of residence. 2 Kings. 
Stay; continuance in a place. Shale. To moke 
abode. To dwell, to reside, to inhabit. Dry den. 
Stop; delay. Spenser. 

To ABO'DE'S, a-b6de'. v. a. [Sec Bode.] To fore- 
token or foreshow ; to be a prognostics:. Shak. 

To ABCKDE*, a-b6de'. v.n. To be an omen. Decay 
of Christ. Piety. 

ABO'DEMENT, a-b6de'-ment. n. s. A secret an- 
ticipation of something future. Sliak. 

ABO'DING*, a-bo'-drng. n. s. Presentiment ; prog- 
nostication. Bp. Bull. 

ABOLE'TE*, ab-6-lete'. a. [abolitus, Lat.] Old; 
out of use. Diet. 

To ABOLISH $, a-b&l'-llsh. v. a. [aJjoleo, Lat.] To 
annul ; to make void. Applied to laws or institu- 
tions. Hooker. To put an end to ; to destroy. Sir 
John Hayward. 

ABO'LISHABLE, a-b&l'-flsh-a-bl. a. That which 
mav be abolished. Cotgrave. 

ABO'LISHER, a-bolMlsh-ur. 91. n.s. He that abol- 
ishes. 

ABO'LISKxMENT, a-b&l'-fish-ment. n. s. The act 
of abolishing. Hooker. 

ABOLITION, ab-o-llsh'-un. 544. n. s. The act of 
abolishing. Cranmer. 

ABO'MINABLE, a-bdm'-e-na-bl. a. [abominabilis, 
Lat.] Hateful, detestable; to be loathed. Milton. 
Unclean. Leviticus, vii. In low and ludicrous lan- 
guage, it is a word of loose and indeterminate cen- 
sure. Shak. 

ABO'MINABLENESS, a-bom'-e-na-bl-nes. 501. 
n. s. Hatefulness ; odiousness. Bentley. 



ABO'MINABLY, a-bom'-e-na-ble. ad. Excessive- 
ly; extremely; exceedingly; in an ill sense. Bp. 
HaU. 

To ABO'MINATES, a-b&m'-e-nate. v. a. To abhor, 
detest, hate utterly. Southern. 

ABOMINATION, a-bom-e-na'-shun. n.s. Hatred; 
detestation. Swift. The object of hatred. Genesis. 
Pollution; defilement. Rev. xxi. Wickedness; 
hateful or shameful vice. Shale. The cause of 
pollution. 2 Kings, xxiii. 

ABO'RDS*, a-bord'. n.s. [abord, Fr.] Address; sal- 
utation ; approach. Sir K. Digby. 

To ABO'RD*, a-b6rd ; . v. a. To approach ; to come 
near to. Tr. of Soliman and Perseda. 

ABORIGINAL*, ab-6-rldjV-e-nal. a. Primitive; 
pristine. Swinburne. 

ABORIGINES, ab-6-r?dje'-e-nez. n. s. [Lat.] 
The earliest inhabitants of a country; those of 
whom no original is to be traced : as the Welsh in 
Britain. Selden. 

ABO'RSEMENT*, a-borse'-ment. n. s. Abortion. 
Bp. Hall. 

To ABO'RT $, a-bort 7 . t>. n. [aborto, Lat.] To bring 
forth before the time ; to miscarry. Ld. Herbert. 

ABO'RT*, a-b6rt'. n. s. An abortion. Burton. 

ABO'RTION, a-b&r'-shun. n. s. The act of bring- 
ing forth untimely. Sandys. The produce of an 
untimely birth. Arbuthnot. 

ABOTtTlVE. a-bfir'tly. 157. n.s. That which is 
born before the due time. Shale. 

ABO'RTIVE, a-bdrMlv. a. That which is brought 
forth before the due time of birth. Sliak. Figura- 
tively, that which fails for want of time. Sliak. That 
which brings forth nothing. Milton. That which 
fails or miscarries, from whatever cause. South. 

ABO'RTWELY, a-bSr'-uV-le. ad. Born without 
the due time; immaturely; untimely. Young. 

ABO'RTIVENESS, a-b6rMlv-nes. n. s. The state 
of abortion. 

ABO'RTMENT, a-b6rt'-ment. n.s. An untimely 
birth. Bacon. 

ABO'VES, a-buv'. 1G5. prep, [on upa, abupe, 
abupan, Sax.] To a higher place; m a higher 
place. Dryden. More in quantity or number. 
Exodus. In or to a superiour degree. Psalm 
cxiii. In a state of being superiour to ; unattaina- 
ble by. Swift. Beyond; more than. 2 Cor. i. 
Too proud for ; too high for. Pope. 

ABO'VE, a-bfiv'. ad. Over-head ; in a higher place. 
Bacon. In the regions of heaven. Pope. Before. 
Dryden. Chief in rank or power. Deut. xxviii. 

ABOVE ALL, a-buv-alF. In the first place ; chief- 
ly. Dryden. 

ABOVE-BOARD, a-buv'-bord. In open sight; with- 
out artifice or trick. U Estrange. Without disguise 
or concealment. South. 

ABOVE-CITED, a-buv'-sl-ted. Cited before. Addi- 
son.. 

ABOVE-GROUND, a-bov'-grS&nd. Used to sig- 
nifv alive ; not in the grave. Beaum. and Fl. 

ABOVE-MENTIONED, a-buv'-men-shund. See 
Above-cited. Addison. 

To ABOUND §, a-bSund'. 545. v. n. [dbwndo, Lat.] 
To have in great plenty. Shak. To be in great 
plenty. Matthew. 

ABOUNDING*, a-bound'-mg. n. s. Increase. South. 

ABOUT §, a-bdul'. 545. prep, [abufcan, or abucon, 
Sax.] Round, surrounding, encircling. Proverbs. 
Near to. Exodus. Concerning, with regard to, 
relating to. Hooker. In a state of being, engaged 
in, or employed upon. Bp. Taylor. Appendant to 
the person, as clothes. Milton. Relating to the 
person, as a servant. Sidney. Relating to person, 
as an act or office. SJuik. 

ABOTITfya-bdut'. ad. Circularly, in a round. Shak. 
In circuit, in compass. Shak. Nearly. Bacon. 
Here and there; every way. Spenser. With to 
before a verb; as, about to fly, upon the point. 
Waller. Round; the longest way, in opposition to 
the short straight way. Bacon. To bringabout ; 
to bring to the point desired. Spectator. To come 
about; to come to some certain state or point. 1 
57 



ABS 



ABS 



O 3 559.— Kite, far, fall, fat ;— me met ;— pine, pfn ;— 



£<»«. i. 2'o go about ; to prepare to do it. Jo/m, 
vii. 

ABP. for Archbishop 5 which see. 

ABRACADABRA, ab-ra-ka-diib'-ra. A supersti- 
tious charm against agues. Aubrey. 

To ABRA'DE$, a-brade'. v. a. [abrado, Lat.] To 
rub oft"; to waste by degrees. Hale. 

To ABRA'ID§*, a-brade'. v. a. [abpaeban, Sax.] 
To rouse ; to awake. Ob. T. 

ABRA'SION,a-bra'-zhun. n.s. The act of abrading 
or rubbing off. In medicine : the wearing away 
of the natural mucus of certain membranes. Quin- 
cy. The matter worn off by the attrition of bodies. 
Bp. Berkeley. 

ABRE'AST, a-brest'. 545. ad. Side by side. Sliak. 

ABRENUINClA'TION^ab-re-nun-she-a'-shfin. n. s. 
[abrenuntiatio, barb. Lat.] The act of renouncing. 
Mede. 

ABRF/PTION*, ab-rep'-shun. 71. s. [ohripio, Lat.] 
The state of being carried away. Hallywell. 

ABRICOCK. n.s. See Apricot. 

To ABRFDGE$, a-bridje'. v. a. [abreger,Fr.] To 
make shorter in words. 2 Mace. ii. To contract ; 
to diminish. Locke. To deprive of; to cut off from. 
Shak. 

ABRFDGED OF, a-brldjd'-6v. 359. part. Deprived 
of; debarred from. 

ABRFDGER, a-brld'-jur. n. s. He that abridges; a 
shortener. XVintipck; A writer of compendiums or 
abridgements. Fulfce. 

ABRIDGEMENT, a-brMje'-ment. n. s. The epit- 
ome of a larger work contracted into a small com- 
pass; acompend; a summary. Hooker. A dimi- 
nution in general. Donne. Contraction; reduction 
Locke. Restraint from any thing pleasing. South. 

To ABRO'ACH^*, a-brotsh'. 295. v. a. [abpaacan, 
Sax.] To tap ; to set abroach. Chancer. Ob. T. 

ABRO'ACH, a-br6tsh'. ad. In a posture to run out, 
properly spoken of vessels. Dryden. In a state to 
be diffused or extended. Shale. 

To ABROAD $*, a-brawd'. v. n. [abpaeban, Sax.] 
To extend; to issue; to be dispersed. Leaver. 
Ob. T. 

ABRO' AD, a-brawd'. 295. ad. [abpaeban, Sax. verb.] 
Without confinement; widely ; at large. Milton. Out 
of the house. Shak. In another country. Hooker. 
In all directions, this way and that. Dryden. With- 
out, not within. Hooker. 

5To ABROGATE $,ab'-r6-gate. 91. v. a. [abrogo, 
Lat.] To repeal, to annul. Hooker. 

ABROGATE* ab'-ro-gate. part. a. Annulled ; 
abolished. K.Edw.VI. Ini. Sp. 

ABROGATION, ab-rd-ga/-shun. n. s. The act of 
abrogating ; the repeal of a law. Clarendon. 

ABRO'OD^a-broOd'. ad. In the action of brood- 
ing. Abp. Sancroft. 

ABRO'ODING*, a-brood'-Ing. n. s. Sitting abrood. 
Barret. 

To ABRO'OK, a-brook 7 . v. a. To brook, to bear, 
to endure. Shak. Ob. J. 

ABRUBT$, ab-r&pt'. a. Broken, craggy. Thomson. 
Divided, without any thing intervening. Milton. 
Sudden, without the customary or proper prepara- 
tives. Shak. Unconnected. B. Jonson. 

To ABRUPT*, ab-rupt'. v. a. To disturb ; to in- 
terrupt. Broivn. 

ABRUPTION, ab-rV-sliQu- n.s. Breaking off; 
violent and sudden separation. Woodward. 

ABRUPTLY, ab-rfiplMe. ad. Hastily; without the 
due forms of preparation. Sidney. Ruggedly; un- 
evenly. Maundrell. 

ABRUPTNESS, ab-rfipt'-ness. n. s. An abrupt man- 
ner; haste; suddenness. Cheynel. Roughness; 
cragginess; as of a fragment violently disjoined. 
Woodward. 

ABSCESS, ab'-s^ss. n. s. [abscessus, Lat.] A tumour 

filled with matter. Arbuthnot. [stu. 

To ABSCFND$, ab-s'md'. v. a. To cut off. John- 

ABSC1SS*, ab'-s?s, or ABSCISSA, ab-sis'-sa. n. s. 
[Lat.] Part of the diameter of a conick section, 
intercepted between the vertex and a semi-ordi- 
nate. Bp. Berkeley, 



ABSCFSSION, ab-sfzh'-fin. n.s. [afjscissio, Lat.] 
The act of cutting off. Wisenwm. The act of dis- 
annulling. Bp. Taylor. The state of being cut off 
Brown. 

§5= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in marking the 
6-* in this word; and, I think, with the best usage 
on my side. Thougli double s is almost always pro- 
nounced sharp and hissing, yet when a sharps precedes, 
it seems more agreeable to the ear to pronounce the suc- 
ceeding s flat. Thus, thougli the termination ition is 
always sharp, yet, because the 5 in transition is neces- 
sarily sharp, the t goes into the flat sound, as if written 
transizhion, which see. W. 

To ABSCO'ND§* ab-skond'. v. a. [abscondo, Lat.] 
To conceal. Hewyl. 

To ABSCO'ND, ab-sk6nd'. v. n. To hide one's 
self. Ray. 

ABSCONDER, ab-skon'-d&r. n. s. He that ab- 
sconds. 

ABSENCE, ab'-sense. n. s. The state cf being 
absent, opposed to presence. Sliak. Want of 
appearance, in the legal sense. Aylitje. Inatten 
tion; neglect of the present object. Addison. 

ABSENTS, ab'-sent. 492. a. [absens, Lat.] Not pres- 
ent ; used with the particle from. Pope. Absent 
in mind; inattentive. Addison. 

To ABSE'NT, ab-sent'. v. a. To forbear to come 
into presence. Sliak. 

ABSENTA'NEOUS, ab-sen-ta'-ne-us. a. Relating 
to absence ; absent. Diet. 

ABSENTE'E, ab-sen-te'. n. s. He that is absent 
from his station. Sir John Domes. 

ABSE'NTER*, ab-sen'-tur. n, s. He that is absent 
from his duty. Ld. Ch. Tlmrlow. 

ABSE'NTMENT*, ab-sent'-ment. n. s. The state 
of being absent. Barrow. 

ABSFNTHIAN* ab-sin'-the-an. a. [from absinthi- 
um.'] Of the nature of wormwood. Randolph. 

ABSFNTHIATED/db-sln'-tfte-a-ted. part. Impreg- 
nated with wormwood. Diet. 

ABSFNTH1UM*, ab-sh'-the-hm. n. s. Wormwood. 

To ABSFST, ab-sist'. v. n. [absisto, Lat.] To stand 
off, to leave off. Diet. 

ABSO'LVATORY*, ab-sfil'-va-tur-re, a. Relative 
to pardon; forgiving. Cotqrave. 

To ABSO'LVE §, ab-zolv'. 448. v. a. [absolve, Lat.] 
To clear ; to acquit. Shales. To set free from 
an engagement. Waller. To pronounce sin re 
milled. Pope. To finish ; to complete. Milton. 

ABSO'LVER* ab-zol'-vur. n. s. lie who proncun 
ces sin remitted. More. 

ABSOLUTE §, ab'-s6-lule. 448. [See Domestick.] 
a. {absolutus, Lat.J Complete ; applied as well to per- 
sons as things. Hooker. Unconditional ; as an ab- 
solute promise. South. Not relative; as, absolute. 
space. Stillingfleet. Not limited; as, absolute power 
Dryden. Positive, certain; without any hesitation 
Sliak. J 

ABSOLUTELY, ab'-s6-lute-le. ad. Completely; 
without restriction. Sidney. Without relation; hi a 
state unconnected. Hooker. Without limits or 
dependance. Dryden. Without condition. Hook 
er. Peremptorily ; positively. Milton. 

ABSOLUTENESS, ab'-so-lute-nes. n. s. Com- 
pleteness or perfection. Bp. Rust. Freedom from 
dependance, or limits. Clarendon. Despotism. Ba 

CO) I. 

ABSOLUTION, ab-s6-UV-shun. n.s. Acquittal. Ay 
lij)e. The remission of sins. South. Delivery ; 
pronunciation. B. Jonson. 

ABSOLUTORY, ab-sol'-u-tfir-re. a. That which 
absolves. Ayliffe. 

£5= In the first edition of this T Walker's] Dictionary, I 
followed the accentuation of Johnson and Ash in this 
word, and placed the stress upon the first syllable, con- 
trary to what I had done some years before in the 
Rhyming Dictionary, where I had placed the accent on 
the second, and which was the accentuation adopted 
by Mr. Sheridan. Upon a nearer inspection of the 
analogies of the language, I find this the preferable 
mode of marking it, as words in this termination, 
though very irregular, generally follow the stress of 
the corresponding noun or verb; and consequently this 
word ought to have the same accent as absolve. whi«b 
58 



ABS 



ABU 



— no, mdvc, n6r, not; lube, tub, bull; — oi'1 ; — pOund; — Min, t 



is the more immediate relation of the word in question, 
and not the accent of absolute, which is the most dis- 
tant. 519. Kcnrick, W> Johnston, Entick, and Nares, 
have not inserted this word ; and Mr. J'rrry very im- 
properly accents it upon the third syllable. TV. 

A'BSONANTS, ab'-so-nant. 54ft. a. [See Abso- 
SOUS.] Contrary to reason ; wide from the pur- 
pose. Quarks. 

A BSONOUS, ab'-s6-nus. a. [absonus, Lat.] Ab- 
surd ; contrary to reason. GlanviUe. Unmusical, 
or untunable. 'Fotherby. 

To ABSORB^, ab-sorb'.v.a. To swallow up. Bur- 
ns/. To suck up. Bacon. 

ABSCRBENT, Ib-sdr'-bent. n.s. A medicine that 
drtes up superfluous moisture, or raises an eft'er- 
vescence with acids. Quiwy. 

ABSORBENT*, ilb-sor -bent. a. That which ab- 
sorhs. 

ABSORBI'TION* ab-s&r-bJsh'-fin. n. s. Absorp- 
tion. Sir T. Brown. 

ABSO'RPT, ab-s6rpt'. part. Swallowed up. Pope. 

ABSO'RPTION, ab-sorp'-shun. n. s. The act of 
swallowing up. Burnet. The stale of being Swal- 
lowed up. Warburton. 

To ABSTAIN}, ab-stane'. v. n. [abstineo, Lap.] To 
keep from; to hinder; to forbear. Milton. 

ABSTEMIOUS $, ab-ste'-me-fe. a. [abstemius, Lat.] 
Temperate; sober; abstinent. Arlndknot. 

ABSTEMIOUSLY, ab-ste'-me-fis-le. ad. Tempe- 
rately; soberly. Whiston. 

ABSTEMIOUSNESS, ab-ste'-me-tis-ness. 534, n. s. 
The quality of being' abstemious. Sir T. Herbert. 

ABSTE'NTIONjab-sten'-shun. n.s. The act of re- 
straining. Bp. Taylor. 

To ABSTE'RGE §, ab-sterje'. v. a. [abstergo, Lat.] 
To wipe. 

ABSTE'RGENT, ub-steV-jent. a. Having a cleans- 



Disro- 



mg quality. 

ToABSTE'RSE, ab-steW. v. a. To cleanse; to 
purify. Brown. 

ABSTE'RSION, ab-suV-shun. n. s. The act of 
cleansing. Bacon. 

ABSTE'RSIVE*ab-suV-s'i"v. n. s. A cleanser. Sir 
W. Petty. 

ABSTE'RSIVE, ab-sleV-slv. 428. a. Having the 
quality of cleansing. Bacon. 

ABSTINENCE, ab'-ste-nense. ) n.s. [abstinentm, 

ABSTINENCY, ab'-ste-nen-se. \ Lat.] Forbear- 
ance of any thing ; with the particle from. Locke. 
Fastinsr, or forbearance of necessary food. Sliak. 

ABSTINENT, ab'-ste-nent. a. That uses absti- 
nence. Hales. 

ABSTINENTLY* ab'-ste-nent-le. ad. Temperate- 
lv. Donne. 

ABSTO'RTED, ab-storl'-ed. a. [abstortus, Lat.] 
Forced away ; wrung from another by violence. 
Did. 

To ABSTRACTS, ab-strakt'. v. a. [abstraho, Lat.] 
To take one thing from another. Decay of Piety. 
To separate by distillation. Boyle. To separate 
ideas. Locke. To reduce to an epitome. Watts. 

ABSTRACT, ab'-strakt. a. Separated from some- 
thing else, generally used with relation to men- 
tal perceptions ; as, abstract mathematicks, ab- 
stract terms. WiUcins. With the particle from. 
Locke. Refined; pure. Donne. 

ABSTRACT, ab'-strakt. 492. n. s. A smaller quan- 
tity, containing the virtue or power of a greater. 
S'uxJe. An epitome. Watts. The state of being 
abstracted, or disjoined. Wot/on. 

ABSTRACTED, ab-strak'-ted. part. a. Separat- 
ed ; disjoined. Milton. Refined ; purified. Donne. 
Abstruse ; difficult. Absent of mind ; as, an ab- 
stracted scholar. Warton. 

ABSTRACTEDLY^b-slrak'-ted-le.flc*. With ab- 
straction ; simply. Dryden. 

ABSTRACTEDNESS*, ab-strak'-led-nes. n. s. 
The state of being abstracted. Baxter. 

ABSTRACTER*, ab-strak'-tfir. n. s. He who 
makes an abstract, epitome, or note. Mannynsrham. 

ABSTRACTION, ab-strak'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
abstracting. Watts. The state of being abstracted. 



j Burton. Absence of mind ; inattention. 
\ ffard of worldly objects. Warton. 
ABSTRACTIVE, ab-strak'-tlv. a. Having the 

t power of abstracting. 

| ABSTRACTIVELY*, ab-strak'-tlv-Je. ad. In an 
abstractive manner. 

I ABSTRACTLY, ab-strakt'-le. ad. In an abstract 
maimer ; absolutely ; without reference to any 
thing else. Drummond. 

I ABSTRACTNESS, ab-strakt'-nes. n.s. Subtilty; 
separation from all matter or common notion. 

I Locke. 

'ABSTRICTED. ab-strik'-ted, part. a. [abstridus, 
Lat.] Unbound. Diet'. 
To ABSTRI'NGE*. ab-strmjc'. v. a. To unbind. 

Diet. 
To ABSTRU'DE*, abs-trood'.i\a. [abstrudo, Lat.] 
To thrust or pull away. Did. 

ABSTRUSE 9, ab-struse'. 427. a. Hidden, remote 
from view. Milton. Difficult; remote from concep- 
tion or apprehension. Milton. 

ABSTRUSELY, ab-striise'-le. ad. Obscurely ; 
not plainly, ov obviously. 

ABSTRU SENESS, ab-struse'-ness. n. s. Diffi- 
culty ; obscurity. Boi/le. 

ABSTRUSITY,* ab-stfu'-se-te. 511. n. s. Abstruse- 

ness ; that which is abstruse. Brown. 
!ToABSU y ME§, ab-srW.».«. [abswno, Lat.] To 
bring to an end by a gradual waste ; to eat up. 
Hale. Uncommon. 

ABSU'RDi*. ab-siird / . a. [absurdus, Lat.] Unreason- 
able; without judgement; as used of men. Bacon. 
Inconsistent; contrary to reason: used of senti- 
ments or practices. South. 

ABSU'RDlTY, ab-siV-de-te. 511. n.s. The quality 
of beinff absurd. Locke. That which is absurd : 



in which case it has a 



plural. 



Addison. 



Fully stor- 



un- 
reasonablv. Swift. 

ABSUBDNESS, ab-surd'-nes. n. s. The qual- 
ity of being absurd; injudiciousness ; impropriety. 
Dr. Cave. 

ABU'NDANCE ^a-bnn'-danse. n. s. [abondance, Fr.] 
Plenty; a sense chiefly poetical. Crashaw. Great 
numbers. Addison. A great quantity. Raleigh. 
Exuberance ; more than enough. Spenser. 

ABU'NDANT^i-bun'-dant. a. [abandons, Lat.] Plen- 
tiful. Milton. Exuberant. Arbuthnot. Fully 
ed. Burnet. Exod. xxxiv. 6". 

ABUNDANTLY, a-bfin'-dant-le. ad. In plenty, 
Genesis, i. Amply; liberally; more than suffi- 
ciently. Sjffat. 
i ABUSAGE* a-bu'-zldje. n. s. Abuse. Whaleleu. 
Ob. T. 

To ABUSES, a-buze ; . 437. v. a. [abutor, alnmis, 
Lat.] To make an ill use of. 1 Cor. vii. To vio- 
late ; to defile. Spenser. To deceive ; to impose 
upon. Shak. To treat with rudeness ; to reproach. 
Shakspeare. 

ABUSE, a-buse'. 437. n.s. The ill use of anything 1 . 
Hooker. A corrupt practice; bad custom." Swift. 
Sedueement. Sidney. Unjust censure; rude re- 
proach; contumely. Milton. 

ABUSER, a-biV-zfiY. n. s. He that makes an ill use. 
Milton. He that deceives. Denham. He that re- 
proaches with rudeness. Dr. Brown. A ravisher - 
a violator. Spenser. 

ABIPSEFUL*, a-buse'-fTil. a. Abusive. Bp. Bar 
low. 

ABU'SION^a-biV-zhun. n.s. [abusion, old French.] 
Corrupt or improper usage. Acts of Pari, xxxiii 
23 Hen. 8. Reproach. Spenser. Ob. T. 

ABUSIVE, a-biV-siv. 428. a. Practising abuse. Mil- 
ton. Containing abuse; as, an abusive lampoon. 
Roscommon. Deceitful. Bacon, 

ABUSIVELY, a-bu'-slv-le. ad. Improperly ; by a 

wrong use. Boyle. Reproachfully. 
ABUSlVENESS, a-biV-sfv-nes. n. s. The quality 
of being abusive. Milton. 

To ABU'T §, a-bflt''. v. n. [cdmdir, Fr.] To end at ; 
to border upon ; to meet, or approach to ; with the 
particle upon. SJiakspeare. 
59 



a6a 



ACA 



ITT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin ;- 



ABU'TMENT, a-bat'-ment. n. s. That which abuts 
or borders upon another. Bryant. 

ABU'TTAL, a-bftt'-tal. n. s. The butting or boun- 
daries of any land. Spelnmn. 
To ABY*, a-br. v. a. To endure. Spenser. To pay 

dearly ; to suffer for it. Spenser. 
To ABY*, a-bi'. v. n. To remain, [abiban, Sax.] 
Spenser. To pay; as the active verb is usecl. 
Spenser. 

ABY'SM, a-bfzm'. n. s. [abysme, old Fr.now written 
abime.] A gulf; the same with abyss. Shakspeare. 

ABY'SS, a-blss'. 71. s. [abyssus, Lat.] A depth with- 
out bottom. Milton. A great depth; a gulf: hy- 
[)erbolically. Dry den. That in which any thing is 
ost. Dryden, Juv. The body of waters supposed 
at the centre of the earth. Burnet. In the lan- 
guage of divines, hell. Roscommon. 

AC, AK, or AKE, being initials in the names of 
places, as Acton,^ signify an oak, from the Sax- 
on ac, an oak. Gibson. 

ACA' CIA, a-ka'-she-a. 505. n.s. [Lat.] A drug 
brought from Egypt. A tree commonly so called 
here, though different from that which produces 
the true acacia. Millar. 

ACADE'ME §*, ak-a-deenV. n. s. [academia, Lat.] 
A society of persons. Shale. The Academy ; a 
school of philosophy. Peacham. 

ACADE'MIAL, ak-a-de'-me-al. a. Relating to an 
academy. 

ACADE'MIAN, ak-a-de'-me-an. n. s. A scholar of 
an academy or university. Life of A. Wood. 

ACADE'MICAL, ak-a-deW-me-kal. a. Belonging 
to a university. Wotton. Relating to the philoso- 
phy of the academy. Smith. 

ACADEMICALLY*, ak-a-clem'-me-kal-le. ad. In 
an academical manner. Cabalistical Dialogue. 

ACADEMICIAN, ak-ka-de-mlsh'-an. n. s. The 
member of an academy. Swinburne. 

ACADE'MICK^ak-a-dem'-lk. 508. n. s. A student 
of a university. Watts. An academick philosopher. 
Milton. 

ACADE'MICK, ak-ka-deW-ik. a. Relating to a 
university. Pope. Applicable to a particular phi- 
losophy. Harris. 

ACA'DEMISM* a-kad'-de-mizm. n. s. The doc- 
trine of the academical philosophy. Baxter. 

ACA'DEMIST, a-kad'-de-mlst, or ak'-a-dem-lst. n.s. 
The member of an acadenry. Ray. An academi- 
cal philosopher. Baxter. 

ACA'DEMY^.a-kad'-de-me, or ak'-a-dem-e. n.s. An 
assembly or society of men, uniting for the promo- 
tion of some art. Millon. The places where sci- 
ences are taught. Dryden. A university. Burton. 
A place of education, in contradistinction to the 
universities or publick schools. Burton. The acade- 
my ; the school of philosophy. South. 

$£?* Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word was aneiently 
and properly accented on the first syllable, though 
now frequently on the second. That, it was accented 
on the first syllable till within these few years, is pret- 
ty generally remembered ; and if Shakspeare did not, 
by poetical license, violate the accentuation of his time, 
it was certainly pronounced so two centuries ago, as 
appears by Dr. Johnson's quotation of him : 

" Our court shall be a little academy, 
"Still and contemplative in living arts." 

Love's Labour Lost. 

And in Ben Jonson's New Inn we find the same accen- 
tuation : 

— " Every house became 

" An academy of honour, and those parts 
" We see departed." 

But the accentuation of this word formerly, on the first 
syllable, is so generally acknowledged, as not to stand 
in need of poetick authority. The question is, whether 
this accentuation, or that which places the stress on 
the second syllable, is the most proper? To wave, 
therefore, the authority of custom, which precludes all 
reasoning on language, and reduces the dispute to a 
mere matter of fact, it may be presumed that whatever £2 
agreeable to the most general usage of the language in si- 
milar words, is the most proper in this ; and it it appears 
that general usage, in similar words, is in favour of the 



old pronunciation, it must certainly, for that reason, be 
allowed to be the best. And first it may be observed, 
that as our language is almost as averse to the accent 
on the last syllable, as the Latin, it is a general cus- 
tom with us, when we adopt a word from the Latin, 
and abridge it of one or two of its syllables, to remove 
the accent at least a syllable higher than it was in the 
original language, that the accent, when the word is 
naturalized, may not rest on the last. Thus of Homc- 
rus, we make Homer ; of Virg'ilius, Vkrgil ; and of 
Hordtius, Hdrace .- Hyacinthus, altered to° Hy'acinth, 
removes the accent two syllables higher ; and cccremo- 
nia, become ceremony, does the same ; and no law, 
that I know of, forbids us to accent academia, or, if you 
will, knabnuia, when turned into academy, on the drst 
syllable, as it was constantly accented by our ances- 
tors ; who, receiving Greek through the medium of 
Latin, generally pronounced Greek words according to 
the Latin analogy, and therefore necessarily placecf tho 
accent of academia on the third syllable, which, when 
reduced to academy, required the accent to be removed 
higher. 
But how, it will be said, does this account for placing the 
accent on the first syllable of the English word acade- 
my, rather than the second ? To this it may be answer- 
ed, that the numberless instances of preference given 
by the accent to the first syllable in similar words, such 
as melancholy, parsimony, dilatory, &c. might be a 
sufficient authority without any other reason. But, 
perhaps, it will be pardoned me if I go farther, and 
hazard a supposition, that seems to account for tho 
very common practice of placing the accent of so many 
of the longer polysyllables from the Latin on the first 
or second syllable. Though in the Latin there never 
was more than one accent upon a word, yet, in our 
pronunciation of Latin, we commonly place an accent 
on alternate syllables, as in our own words ; and when 
the Latin word, by being anglicised, becomes shorter, 
the alternate accent becomes the principal. Thus, in 
pronouncing the Latin word academia, the English 
naturally pkee an accent on the first and third syllables, 
as if divided into ac-a-de-mi-a ; so that when the word 
becomes anglicised into dc-a-de-my, the first syllable 
retains the accent it had when the word was Latin. 
On tho other hand, it may be conjectured with some 
probability, that a fondness for pronouncing like the 
French has been the occasion of the alteration. As the 
English ever suppose the French place the accent on 
the last syllable, in endeavouring to pronounce this 
word after their manner, the stress must naturally fall 
on the second and last syllables, as if divided into 
a-edd-a-mie ; and from an imitation of this, it is pro- 
bable, the present pronunciation of the word was pro- 
duced. Thus we liavo a very probable reason why so 
many of our longer words from the Latin are accented 
so near the beginning ; as, in this mode of pronouncing 
them, they seem to retain one of the accents of tho 
original. Hence the long train of words, voluntary, 
comparable, disputable, admirable, &c. have the accent 
on the first syllable, becauso, in pronouncing the words 
roluntarius, comparabilis, disputabilis, admirabili;, 
&c. we commonly lay a stress upon the first, as well as 
the third syllable As to the analogy, as Mr. Sheridan 
pretends, of pronouncing this word with the accent on 
the second syllable, because words ending in my have 
the accent on the antepenultimate, nothing can be 
more ill-founded. True it is, that words of this termi- 
nation never have the accent on the penultimate ; but 
that, for this reason, they must necessarily have the 
accent on the antepenultimate, I cannot well compro 
hend. If polygamy, economy, astronomy, &c. 513 
have their accent on the antepenultimate, it arises from 
the nature of the terminations ; which being, as it were, 
a species, and applicable to a thousand other words, 
have, like logy and gravity, the accent always on tho 
preceding syllable ; which seems best to unite the 
compound into one word : but academy, being a simple, 
is subject to no such rule, and seems naturally to in- 
cline to a different analogy of pronunciation. Thus- 
Dr. Johnson seems to have decided justly in saying the 
word academy ought to have the accent on the first syl- 
lable ; though present usage, it must be confessed,, 
seems to lead to the contrary pronunciation. W. 
ACANTHUS, a-kan'-tfi&s. 470. n. s. [Lat.] The 
herb bears-breech ; the model of the foliage on the 
Corinthian chapiter. Millon. 
ACATALE'CTICK, a-kat-a-lek'-tik. n. s. [awm- 
Xtjktikos. Gr.] A verse which has the complete 
number of syllables, without defect or superfluity. 
ACATALE'PSIA*, a-kat-a-ley-se-a. n.s. [d™- 
ra\r]ip la. Gr.] Impossibility of complete discovery 
Whitlock. 

60 



AGC 



ACC 



— 116, move, ndr, not ;— tftbe, tub, bull ; — oil ; pound;— thin, this. 



ABATER*, a-ka'-tiir. 7«. s. Provider or purchaser 

of provisions. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
ACATES*, a-katz'. n.s. [acat, aelutt, old Fr.] Pro 

visions ; victuals ; viands : in more modern Ian 
ffuage, &fes. Spenser. 

To ACCE'DE$, ak-sede'. v.n. [accedo, Lat.] To be 
added to; to come to. Aylije. To come over; 
to assent. Bryant. 

To ACCE'LERATE y. ak-selMor-ate. r. a. [accelero, 
Lat.] To hasten ; to quicken motion. Bacon. 

ACCELERATION, ak-sel-lur-a'-shun. 555. n. s. 
Tlie act of quickening- motion. The state of the 
body accelerated, or quickened. Hale. The act of 
hastening*. Brown. 

ACCE'LERATIVE*, ak-sel'-l&r-a-tlv. a. Increas- 
ing the velocity of progression. Reid. 

To XCCIv'NDy", iik-send 7 . v. a. [accendo, Lat.] To 
kindle ; to set on lire. Decay of Piety. 

ACCESSION, ak-sen'-shun. n. s. The act of kin- 
dling. Woodward. 

A'CCENT$, ak'-sent. 4C6. n.s. [accentus, Lat.] The 
manner of speaking or pronouncing with force 
or elegance. Shak. The sound given to the syl- 
lable pronounced. Shak. The marks upon syl- 
lables to regulate their pronunciation. Holder. 
Poetically, language or words. Shak. A mod- 
ification of the voice, expressive of the passions or 
sentiments. Prior. 

To ACCENTS, ak-sent'. 492. r. a. To pronounce; 
to speak with particular regard to the grammatical 
marks or rules. Locke. In poetry,, to pronounce 
or utter in general. Wotton. To write or note 
the accents. 

ACCENTUAL*, ak-seV-tshu-al. 4G3. a. Rhythmi- 
cal; relating to accent. Mason. 

To ACCENTUATE, ak-sen'-tshu-ate. 461. v. a. 
To place the proper accents over the vowels. 

ACCENTUATION, ak-sen-tshu-a'-shun. n. s. The 
act of placing the accent in pronunciation or writ- 
ing. Lowth. 

To ACCE'PTy, ak-sept'. «.a. [accipio, Lat. accept- 
er, Fr.] To take with pleasure ; to receive kind- 
Iv ; to admit with approbation. Malachi, i. In a 
kind of juridical sense; as, to accept terms, ac- 
cept a treaty. Sidney. In the language of the Bi- 
ble, to accept persons, is to act with personal and 
partial regard. Job, xiii. It is sometimes used 
with the particle of. Genesis, xxxii. To acknowl- 
edge, in a commercial sense. Shelton. 

ACCEPTABILITY, ak-sep-ul-bii'-le-te. n.s. The 
qualitv of being acceptable. Bp. Taylor. 

ACCEPTABLE, ak'-sep-ta-bl. a. Likely to be 
accepted; grateful; pleasing. Milton. 

$2r" Within these twenty years this word has shifted its 
accent from tiic second to the first syllable. There arc 
now few polite speakers, who do not pronounce it ac'- 
eeptable ; and it is much to be regretted that this pro- 
nunciation is become so general; for where consonants 
of so different an organ as p and t arc near the end of 
a word, the word is pronounced with much more diffi- 
culty when the accent is removed higher, than when it 
is arrested by these letters; for, in this case, the force 
which accompanies the accent facilitates the organs in 
their transition from the formation of the one letter to 
the other. As nature, therefore, directs us to place the 
accent upon these consonants in all words ending in 
active, ectivc, ictivc, active, and uctive ; actiblc, cctiblc, 
actible, and uctiblc ; so we ought to listen to the same 
voice in pronouncing acceptable, susceptible, corrupti- 
ble, with the accent on the second syllable. See COM- 
MEND AI5LE. W. 

ACCE'PTABLENESS, ak'-sep-la-bl-nes. n. s. 
The qualitv of being acceptable. Grew. 

ACCEPTABLY, ak'-sep-ta-ble. a. In an accepta- 
ble manner. Bp. Taylor. 

ACCEPTANCE, ak-sep'-tanse. n. s. Reception 
with approbation. Spenser. The meaning of a 
word as it is understood. South. 

ACCEPTANCE, ak-sep'-tanse. n . s. The ac- 
knowledgement of being accountable for the pay- 
ment of a sum at a given period. 

ACCEPTATION, alc-sep-ta'-shun. n. s. Recep- 
tion, whether good or bad. Oh J. Sidney, b. ii. 



That which may 



Good reception ; acceptance. Raleigh. The state 
of being acceptable ; regard. Locke. Accept- 
ance in the juridical sense. South. The meaning 
of a word, as commonly received. Clarendon. 

ACCE'PTER, ak-sep'-tilr. 98. n. s. He that ac- 
cepts. Chillim? worth. 

ACCEPTILA'TlON, ak-sep'-te-la-shan. n. s. [ac- 
cepti/atio, Lat.] The remission of a debt by an 
acquittance from the creditor, testifying the receipt 
of money which has never been paid Cotgrave. 

ACCETTION, ak-sey-shfin. n. s. The received 
sense of a word. Hammond. Acceptance ; the 
slate of being accepted. Homilies. 

ACCETTIVE*, ak-sey-tiv. a. Ready to accept. 
B. Jonson. 

ACCESS y, ak-sGss'. n. s. \accessus, or accessio, Lat.] 
The way by which any thing may be approached. 
Bacon.. The means or liberty of approaching. 
Shak. Increase ; enlargement ; addition. Bacon. 
The returns or fits of a distemper. Chaucer. 

§£?* This word is sometimes heard with the accent on tho 
first syllable : 

" Hail, water-gruel, healing power, 

" Of easy access to the poor !" 
But this pronunciation ought to be avoided as contrary 
to analogy, and the general usage of the language ; as 
may be seen in Johnson under the word. W. 

A'CCESSARILY* ak'-s&s-sa-re-le.arf. In the man- 
ner of an accessary, Minsheu. 

A'CCESSARINES'S, ak'-ses-sa-re-nes. n. s. The 
state of being accessary. Decay of Piety. 

ACCESSARY, ak'-ses-sa-re. a. That which, with- 
out being the chief constituent of a crime, contrib- 
utes to it. Hooker. 

ACCESSARY*, ak'-ses-sa-re. n. s. See Accesso- 
ry. 

ACCESSIBLE, ak-seV-se-bl 
be approached. Hale. ■ 

ACCESSION , ak-sesb'-un. n. s. Enlargement ; aug- 
mentation. 'Clarendon. The act of coming to, or 
joining to; as, accession to a confederacy. Dryden. 
The act of arriving at; as, the king's accession to 
the throne. Temple. Approach. More. The be- 
ginning of a paroxysm, like access. South. 

A'CCESSORILY, ak'-ses-so-re-le. ad. In the man- 
ner of an accessory. 

ACCESSORY, ak'-s&s-so-re. 557. at. Joined to 
another thing ; additional. Hooker. 

A / CCESSORY,ak / -ses-s6--re.7?. s. [accessor ins, Lat.J 
A man that is guilty of a felonious offence, not prin- 
cipally, but by participation. Cowel. That which 
does accede unto some principal fact or thing in 
law. Ayliffe. That which advances a design. Fell. 

A'CCIDENCE, ak'-se-dense. n. s. The little book 
containing the first rudiments of grammar, and 
explaining' the properties of the eight parts of 
speech. Taylor the Water-poet. 

A-'CClDENTy^k'-se-dent. n. s. The property or qual- 
ity of any being, which may be separated from it, 
at least in thought. Sir John Davies. In grammar, 
the property of a word. Holder. That which 
happens unforeseen ; casualty ; chance. Hooker. 

ACCIDENTAL, ak-se-deu'-uU n. s. a property 
non-essential. Pearson. 

ACCIDENTAL, ak-se-den'-tal. a. Having the qual- 
ity of an accident ; non-essential. Rymer. Casu- 
al ; fortuitous. Shakspeare. Denham.' 

ACCIDENTALLY, ak-se-den'-tal-le. ad. After 
an accidental manner. Spenser. Casually ; fortu- 
itously. Swift. 

ACCIDENTALNESS, ak-se-den'-tai-nGs. n. s. 
The quality of being accidental. Diet. 

ACCIDENTIARY*, ak-se : den / -sher-e. a. Belong- 
ing to the accidents or accidence. Bp. Morton. 

ACCPPIENT, ak-slp'-pe-ent. n. s. [accipiens, Lat.] 
A receiver. Diet. 

To ACCPTE, ak-slle'. v. a. To call ; to cite ; to sum- 
mon. Shakspeare. 

To ACCLA'IMy* ak-klame . v. n. [acclamo, Lat.j 
To applaud. Bp. Hall. 

ACCLA/IM, ak-klame'. n. s. A shout of praise j 
acclamation. Milton. 

61 



ACC 



ACC 



[CT 559.— Fate, far fill, fat;— me, me^t;— pine, pin— 



ACCLAMA'TION, ak-kla-ma'-shfin. n. s. Shouts 
of applause. Hooker. Unanimous and immedi- 
ate election. Burke. 

ACCL AMATORY*, ak-klam'-a-tar-e. a. Pertain- 
ing to acclamation. 

ACCLPVE§* ak-kllve'. a. [acclivis, Lat.] Rising. 
Aubrey. 

ACCLFVITY, ak-ktiV-ve-te. 511. n. s. The steep- 
ness or slope of a line, inclining to the horizon, 
reckoned upwards ; as, the ascent of a hill is the 
acclivity, the descent is the declivity. Ray. 

ACCLFVOUS, ak-kll'-vus. 503, (h.) a. Rising with 
a slope. 

To ACCLOY, ak-kl6e'. 329. v. a. The modern word 
is cloy. To fill up, in an ill sense ; to crowd, to stuff 
full. Spenser. To fill to satiety; in which sense 
cloy is still in use. Ray. 

To ACCOTL, ak-kSft/. 299. v. n. See Coil. Spen- 
ser. 

A'CCOLENT, ak'-k6-lent. 544. n.s. [accolens, Lat.] 
He that inhabits near a place; a borderer. Diet. 

ACCOMMODABLE, ak-kom'-mo-da-bl. a. That 
which may be fitted. Watts. 

ACCOMMQDABLENESS*. ak-kW-mi-da-bl- 
n£s. n.s. The capability of accommodating. 

To ACCOMMODATE §, ak-kdm'-mc-date. 91. v. a. 
fixccommodo, Lat.] To supply with conveniences 
of any kind. Sliak. With the particle to, to adapt ; 
to fit. Dryden. To reconcile ; to adjust. Norris. 
To lend : in this last sense it is still used among 
moneyed men. 

To ACCOMMODATE, ak-k6m'-m6-date. 91. v. n. 
To be conformable to. Brown. 

ACCOMMODATE, ak-kdm'-imVdate. 91. a. Suit- 
able; fit. Ray. 

ACCOMMODATELY, ak-kom'-mi-date-le. 91. ad. 
Suitably, fitly. More. 

ACCOMMODATENESS*, ak-k6m / -m6-date-nes. 
n.s. Fitness. Haihjwell. 

ACCOMMODATION, ak-l^m-mc-da'-shun. n. s. 
Provision of conveniencies. South. In the plural, 
conveniencies. Clarendon. Adaptation ; fitness. 
Glanville. Composition of a difference, reconcil- 
iation. Fanshaw. 

ACCOMMODATOR*,ak-k&m / -m6-da-tur. n.s. He 
who adjusts a thing. Warbvrton. 

ACCOMPANABLE, ak-kfim'-pa-na-bl. a. So- 
ciable. Sidney. Not now used. J. 

ACCOMPANIER, ak-kfim'-pa-ne-fir. n. s. The per- 
son that makes part of the company. Diet. 

ACCOMPANIMENT*, ak-kftm'-pa-ne-ment. n. s. 
That which attends a thing or person. Mason. 
TVarton. 

To ACCOMPANY §, ak-ktim'-pa-ne. 165. v.a. [ac- 
compagner, Fr.] To be with another as a com- 
panion. Spenser. To have commerce with another 
sex. Cockeram. 

To ACCOMPANY, ak-kam'-pa-ne. v. n. To asso- 
ciate with. Bacon. To cohabit. Milton. 

ACCOMPLICE, ak-kom'-plis. 142. n. s. An asso- 
ciate, usurally in an ill sense. Swift. A partner, or 
co-operator, in a sense indifferent. Addison. 

To ACCOMPLISH §, ak-kom'-pllsh. v.a. [accom- 
plir, Fr. from compleo, Lat.] To complete ; to ex- 
ecute fully. Ezekiel. To complete a period of time. 
D r mid. To fulfil ; as, a prophecy. Sliak. To 
ga ; n ; to obtain. Sliak. To adorn, or furnish, 
either mind or body. Shakspeare. 

ACCOMPLISHABLE*, ak-kom'-pllsh-a-bl. a. Ca- 
pable of accomplishment. 

ACCOMPLISHED^ak-kom'-pllsh-ed. part. a. Com- 
plete in some qualification. Locke. Elegant, in re- 
spect of acquired qualifications. Milton. 

ACCOMPLISHER, ak-kom'-plish-ur. n.s. He who 
accomplishes. More. 

ACCOMPLISHMENT, ak-k&nV-ptfsh-ment. n.s. 
Completion; full performance. Sir John Haywood. 
Completion; as, of a prophecy. Atterbury. Orna- 
ment of mind or body. Addison. The act of ob- 
taining or perfecting any thing; attainment; com- 
pletion. South. 

ACCOMP1 $, ak-k6unl\ 407. » s. [compter and 



compte, anciently accompter, Fr.] An account ; a 
reckoning. Hooker. See Account. 

ACCOMPTABLE*, ak-kdfin'-ta-bl. a. Accounta- 
ble. Beaum. and Fl. 

ACCOMPTANT, ak-kdun'-tant. 412. n.s. A reck- 
oner; computer. South. 

ACCO MPTING-DAY, ak-kStm'-tlng-di. n. s. The 
day on which the reckoning is to be settled. Sir J. 
Denham. 

To ACCORD §, ak-k6rd'. v. a. [accorder, Fr.] To 
make agree. Sidney. To bring to agreement ; to 
compose. Sir M. Hale. To grant; as, he accorded 
his request. 

To ACCORD, ak-kord'. v.n. To agree; to suit 
one with another. Sluxkspeare. 

ACCORD, ak-kdrd'. n.s. A compact; an agree- 
ment. Bacon. Concurrence ; union of mind. Spen- 
ser. Harmony ; symmetry. Dryden. Musical note. 
Bacon. Own accord; voluntary motion. Spenser. 
Action in speaking, correspondent to the words. 
Titus Andronicus. 

ACCORD ABLE*, ak-k6r'-da-bl. a. Agreeable 
consonant. Goiver. Ob. T. 

ACCORDANCE, ak-kdr'-danse. ) n. s. Affree- 

ACCORDANCY*ak-k6r'-dan-se. $ ment with a 
person. Fairfax. Conformity to something. Ham- 
mond. 

ACCORDANT, ak-k6r'-dant. a. Consonant, or cor- 
responding. Shakspeare. 

ACCORDANTLY*, ak-kSr'-dant-le. ad. In an ac- 
cordant manner. 

ACCORDER*, ak-kSr'-dur. An assistant; helper; 
favourer. Cotgrave. 

ACCORDING, ak-k6r'-ding. prep. In a manner 
suitable to. Hooker. With regard to. Holder. In 
proportion. Swift. 

ACCORDINGLY, ak-kSr'-ding-le. ad. Agreea- 
bly; suitably; conformably. Hooker. 

ToACCORPORATE^ak-kar'-po-rate. v.a. [ad 
and corpus, Lat.] To unite. Milton. 

To ACCOST §, ak-kost'. v. a. To approach ; to draw 
near ; to come side by side, or face to face. Twelfth 
Night. To speak to first ; to address. Milton. 

To ACCO'ST*, ak-kost'. v. n. To adjoin. Spenser. 
Ob. T. 

ACCO'STABLE, ak-kos'-ta-bl. 405. a. Easy of 
access; familiar. Howell. 

ACCOSTED*, ak-kos'-tSd. part. a. In heraldry, 
signifies side by side. 

ACCOUCHEUR*, ak-koo-shure'. [See Connois- 
seur.] n.s. [Fr.] What we call a man-midwife. 

ACCOUNTS, ak-kSunt'. 407. n.s. [accompt, old Fr.] 
A computation of debts or expenses. Shak. The 
state or result of a computation. Ecclesiasticus. Val- 
ue, or estimation. 2 Maccab. Profit; advantage; 
as, to turn to account. Addison. Distinction; dig- 
nity ; rank. Pope. A reckoning verified by find- 
ing the value of a thing equal to what it was ac- 
counted. Swift. Regard; consideration; sake. 
Philemon. A narrative; relation. Examination 
of an affair taken by authority. Matt. xix. The re- 
lation and reasons of a transaction given to a per- 
son in authority. Shak. Explanation; assignment 
of causes. Locke. An opinion previously established. 
Bacon. The reasons of any thing collected. Addi- 
son. In law, account is taken for a writ or action 
brougnt against a man who is responsible. Ccnvel. 

To ACCOUNT, ak-koimt'. v. a. To esteem ; to 
think; to hold in opinion. Dent. ii. To reckon; 
to compute. Brown. To assign to, as a debt. Clar- 
endon. To hold in esteem. 1 Chron. ix. 

ToACCO'UNT^k-kdunt'. v.n. To reckon. Holder. 
To give an account ; to assign the causes. Swift. 
To make up the reckoning. Dryd. Juv. To ap- 
pear as the medium by which any thing may be 
explained. Arbuthnot. 

ACCOUNTABLE, ak-k6un'-ta-bl. a. Of whom aa 
account may be required. Oldham. 

ACCO'UNTABLENESS*, ak-kdun'-ta-bl-nfe. n. s. 
The state of being accountable. Duncan. 

ACCO'UNTANT, ak-koiV-timt. a. Accountable to. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

G2 



ACC 



ACE 



-n6, move, ndr, n6tj — tube, tfib, bull;— oil; — pdundj— thin, this. 



ACCOUNTANT, ak-kdun'-tant. n.s. A computer ;| 

a man employed in accounts. Brown. 
ACCOUNT-BOOK, ak-ko-unt'-book. n. s. A book 

containing" accounts. Swift. 
ACCOUNTING, ak-k6un'-tmg. n. s. The act of 

reckoning up of accounts. South. 
To ACCO'UPLE$, ak-kup'-pl. 314. r. a. [accoupler, 

Fr.] To join; to link together. Bacon. 
ACCO'UPLEMEiNT* ak-kap'-pl-ment. n. s. A 

junction or union. Trial of Men's Wits. 
Tc ACCO'URAGE, ak-kur'-rldje. v. a. To ani- 
mate. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ACCO'URT, dk-kort'. 318. v. a. To entertain 

with courtship or courtesy. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ACCO'UTRE^ak-koo'-tar. 315. v. a. [accoCttrer, 

Fr.l To dress ; to equip. Dryden. 
ACCOUTREMENT, ak-kSa'-tflr-ment. n.s. Dress; 

equipage; trappings; ornaments. Shakspeare. 
To ACCO'Y*, ak-kde'. v. a. [accoisir, old Fr.l To 

render quiet, or diffident. Spenser. To soothe; to 

caress. Spenser. 
7 t oACCRE / DIT$* ak-kred'-it. v. a. [accrecliter, old 

Fr. aceredo, Lat.] I'o countenance; to procure 

honour or credit to. Shelton. 
A( CRETJlTATION*,ak-kre^-it-a-shun. n.s. That 

which gives a title to credit. R. Cumberland. 
ACCRESCENT* ak-kreV-sent. part. a. [accresco, 

Lat.] Increasing. Shuckfoi-d. 
ACCRE'TION £, ak-kre'-shSn. n. s. The act of grow- 
ing to another, so as to increase it. Bacon. 
ACCRE'TIVE, ak-kre'-tiv. 158. a. Growing; that 

which by growth is added. Glanville. 
To ACCRO'ACH^ak-krotsh'. 295. v. a. [accrocher, 

Fr.] To draw to one as with a hook ; to gripe ; 

to draw away by degrees what is another's. Black- 
stone. 
ACCROACHMENT, ak-krolsh'-uient. n. s. The 

act of accroaching. Did. 
To ACCRUE, ak-kroo'. 339. v.n. [ojcctii, from ac- 

croitre, Fr.l To accede to ; to be added to. Hooker. 

To be added, as an advantage or improvement. 

South. To append to, or arise from. Wilkins. In 

a commercial sense, to arise ; as, profits. Carew. 

To follow, as loss; a vitious use. Temple. 
ACCRU'MENT*, ak-kr65'-ment. n. s. Addition ; 

increase. Montagu. Bp. Taylor. 
ACCUBA'TION, ak-ku-ba'-shfin. 71. s. [accubo, Lat.] 

The ancient posture of leaning at meals. Brown. 
To ACCU MB §, ak-k&mb'. 347. v. a. [accumbo, Lat.] 

To lie at the table, according to the ancient man- 
ner. Diet. 
ACCU'MBENCY*, ak-kum'-ben-se. n. s. State of 

being accumbent. 
ACCIPMBENT, ak-ktim'-bent. a. Leaning. Ar- 

buthnot. 
ACCU'MBENT*, ak-kfim'-bent. n. s. One who is 

placed at a dinner-table, but without reference to 

the ancient mode of leaning. Bp. Hall. 
To ACCUMULATE §, ak-ku'-mu-late. 91. v. a. [ac 

cumido, Lat.] To heap one thing upon another ; to 

pile up. Shakspeare. 
To ACCUMULATE*, ak-ku'-mu-late. v. n. To in- 
crease. Goldsmith. 
ACCUMULATE*, ak-ku'-mu-late. a. Heaped; 

collected. Bacon. 
ACCUMULATION, ak-ku-mu-la'-shun. n. s. The 

act of accumulating. Shak. The state of being 

accumulated. Arhuihnot. 
ACCU'MULATrVE,ak-ku'-mu-la-u\\ 157. a. That 

which accumulates ; that which is accumulated. 
Gorcmment of the Tongue. 
ACCUMULATIVELY*, ak-ku'-mu-la-tlv-le. ad. 

In an accumulating manner; in heaps. 
ACCUMULATOR, ak-ku'-mu-la-tur. 521. n.s. A 

gatherer or heaper together. Decay of Piety. 
ACCURACY, ak'-ku-ra-se. n. 5. '[accuratio, Lat.] 

Exactness; nicety. More. 
ACCURATE $, ak'-ku-rate. 91. a. Exact. Water- 
land. Without defect or failure. Colson. Deter- 
minate ; precisely fixed. Bacon. 
ACCURATELY, ak'-ku-rate-le. ad. Exactly ; with- 
out errour; nicely. Newton. 



ACCURATENESS, ak'-ku-ratc-nSs. n.s. Exact 

ness; nicety. Nev>ton. 
To ACCU'RSE §, ak-kfirse'. v. a. To doom to misery ; 

to invoke misery upon any one. Hooker. 
ACCU'RSED, ak-kar'-s£d. 362. part. a. That which 
is cursed. DenJiam. That which deserves the curse; 
execrable; hateful. Shakspeare. 
ACCUSABLE, ak-ku'-za-bl. 405. a. Blamable; 

culpable. Brown. 
ACCUSANT*, ak-ku'-zant. n. s. He who accuses 

Bp. Hall. 
ACCUSATION, ak-kiVza'-shun. n. s. The act of 
accusing. Milton. The charge brought against 
any one. Shakspeare. Aylifte. 
ACCUSATIVE, ak-k<V-za-tlv. a. A term of gram- 
mar, signifying the relation of the noun, on which 
the action, implied in the verb, terminates. Censur- 
ing; accusing. Sir E. Dering. 
ACCUSATIVELY*, ak-ku'-za-t?v-le. ad. In an ac- 
cusative manner ; relating to the accusative case, 
in grammar. 
ACCUSATORY, ak-ku'-za-tfir-e. 512. a. That 
which produceth or containeth an accusation. Ay- 
liffe. 
To ACCUSES, ak-kuze'. v. a. [accuso, Lat.] To 
charge with a crime. Used with of. Dry den. To 
blame or censure. Romans. 
ACCUSER, ak-ku'-zur. 98. n.s. He that brings 

a charge against another. Aylijfe. 
ACCUSERESS*,ak-ku'-znr4s. n.s. [accusatrix, 

Lat.] She who accuses. Sherwood. Ob. T. 
To ACCUSTOMS, ak-kus'-tum. v. a. {accoutumer, 

Fr.] To habituate; to inure. Milton. 
To ACCUSTOM, ak-kus'-tum. v.n. To be wont to 
do any thing. Ob. J. Careio. To cohabit. Mil- 
ton. 
ACCUSTOM*, ak-kus'-tum. n.s. Custom. Milton. 
ACCUSTOMABLE, ak-kus'-tum-ma-bl. a. Habit- 
ual; customary. Hale. 
ACCUSTOMABLY, ak-kus'-tum-a-ble. ad. Ac- 
cording to custom. Bacon. Habitually. Burnet. 
ACCU'STOMANCE, ak-kfis'-tum-manse. n.s. Cus- 
tom; habit; use. Boyle. 
ACCUSTOMARILY, ak-kus'-tum-ma-re-le. ad. In 

a customary manner. Cieaveland. 
ACCUSTOMARY, ak-kus'-tum-ma-re. 512. a. Usu- 
al; practised; according to custom. Featley. 
ACCUSTOMED, ak-kus'-t&m-eU 362. a. Accord- 
ing to custom; frequent; usual. Shakspeare. 
ACCUSTOMEDNESS*, ak-kus'-tum-ed-nSs. n. s. 
[from accustom.] Familiarity. Used with to. Pierce. 
ACE, asc. n. s. [as, Lat.] A piece of money; an in- 
teger. An unit ; a single point on cards or dice. 
South. A small quantity; a particle; an atom. 
Government of tlie Tongue. 
ACE 1 LDAMA , a-sel'-da-ma. n.s. [Heb.] Afield 

of blood. Worthinsrton. 
ACE'PHALI*, a-sef'-a-ll. n. s. [aKtyaXos, Gr.] 
Levellers who acknowledge no head or superiour. 
Cowel. A sect of Christian hereticks so called, 
who acknowledge no head. 
ACE'PHALOUS, a-sef'-a-l&s. a. Without a head. 

Diet. 
ACE'RB $, a-seW. a. [acerbus, Lat.] Acid, with an 

addition of roughness. Quincy. 
To ACERBATE*, a-ser'-bate. v. a. To make sour. 

Diet. 
ACE'RBITY, a-s6r'-be-te. 511. n.s. A rough, sour 

taste. Sharpness of temper; seventy. Pope. 
To ACE'RVATE §, a-ser'-vate. 91. v.a. [acervo, Lat.] 

To heap up. Diet. 
ACERVATION, as-er-va'-sh&n. 527. n. s. The act 

of heaping together. Johnson. 
ACE'RVOSE, a-ser'-v6se. a. Full of heaps. Diet. 
ACESCENCY§*,a-ses'-sen-se. n.s. [acesco, Lat.] 

Sourness ; acidity. Jones. 
ACESCENT, a-ses'-sent. n. s. A tendency to sour- 
ness or acidity. Arbuthnot. 
ACETOSE§,as-e-t6se'. 427. a. [aceteux, Fr.] Sour; 

sharp. Diet. 
ACETOSITY, as-e-t&s'-e-te. 511. n.s. The state 
of being acetose, or of containing sourness. Diet. 
63 



ACQ 



ACR 



KT559.— Fate, far, fall., fat;— mi, mel;— pine, pinj- 



ACE'TOUS, a-se'-tus. 314. a. [acetum, Lat. vin- I ,S/fa£. A slight or initial knowledge, short of friend 

egar.l Having the quality of vinegar; sour. Boyle. | ship. Swift. The person with whom we are ac 
ACHE§, ake. 355. n. s. [ayo?, Gr.] A continued j quainted. Spenser. 

pain. Sliakspeare. \ ACQUA'INTANT*, ak-kwan'-tant. n.s. The pcr- 

To ACHE, ake. v. n. To be in pain. Glanville. : son with whom we are acquainted. Iz. Walton. 

ACHFEVABLE*, at-tshe- -va-bl. a Possible to be ACQUAINTED, ak-kwaiV-ted. a. Familiar; well 

done. Barrow. known. Sfia/c. 

ACHFEVANCE*, at-tshe'-vanse. n.s Perform- ACQUEST, ak-kweV. n. s. Attachment ;. acqmsi 

ance. Sir T. Elyot. tion ; the thing gained. Bacon. 

To ACHFEVE §, at-tsheve'. 257. v. a. [achever, Fr.] To ACQUIESCE §, ak-kwe-es' . v. n. [acquiescerc , 

To perform; to finish a design prosperously. Dry- Lat.] To rest in, or remain satisfied with. Boyle. 

den. To gain; to obtain. Sliakspeare. ACQUIESCENCE, ak-kwe-eV-e'nse. n. s. A silent 

ACHFEVER, at-tshe'-vur. n. s. He that performs. appearance of content. Clarendon. Satisfaction ; 

Sliakspeare. rest; content. Addison. Submission; confidence 

ACHFEVEMENT, at-tsheve'-ment. n. s. The per- South. 

formance of an action. Spenser. The escutcheon, ACQUIESCENT*, ak-kwe-eV-s£nt. a. Easy ; sub- 

or ensigns armorial, granted to any man for the mitting. Johnson. 

performance of great actions. Dryden. To ACQUFET*, ak-kwl'-et. v. a. [ac^wfeto/iowLat.] 

A'CHING, a'-klng. n.s. Pain; uneasiness. So7/th. To render quiet. Sir A. Shirley. 

ACHOR§, a'-kSr. 166. n.s. [aclior, Lat.] A species ACQUFRABLE, ak-kwl'-ra-bl. 405. a. That which 

of the herpes. Quincy. may be acquired or obtained. Hale. 

ACHRO'MATICK*, a-kr6m'-a-tik, or ak-ro-mat'-ik. To ACQUFRE §, ak-kwlre'. v. a. [acquiro, Lat.] To 

a. [a, and %(w/*a, Gr.] In opticks, applied to tele- | gain by one's own labour or power. SJiak. To 

scopes, contrived to remedy aberrations and colours. I come to ; to attain. Glanville. 
A'CID §, as'-sld. a. [acidus, Lat.] Sour ; sharp. Bacon, j ACQUIRED, ak-kwl'-red. 362. part. a. Gained by 
A'CID*, as'-sld. n. s. An acid substance ; any thing || one's self. Locke. 

sour. Aubrey. j! ACQUFRER. ak-kwl'-rur. 98. n. s. A gainer. 

A'CIDIST* as'-se-dJst. n. s. One who maintains the N ACQUIREMENT, ak-kwlre'-ment. ?t. s. That 

doctrine of acids. Dr. Slare. ! which is acquired. Hayward. 

ACFDLTY, a-sM'-de-te, 511. n. s. An acid taste; !j ACQUFRING*, ak-kwi'-ring. n.s. Acquirement. 



sharpness; sourness. Ray 

A'CIDNESS, as'-sM-nik ?i. s. Acidity. 

ACT DULSE, a-sld'-du-le. 199. n. s. Medicinal 
springs impregnated with sharp particles. Quincy. 

To ACFDULATE, a-sld'-du-late. 91. v. a. To tinge 
with acids in a slight degree. Arbuthnot. 

ACFDULOUS*, a-sid'-du-lus. a. Sourish. Burke. 

To ACKNO'W, ak-n6'. v. a. [agnosco, Lat.] To 
acknowledge ; to confess. B. Jonson. Ob. 2*. 

To ACKNOWLEDGE §,ak-n6l'-ledj. 328. v.a. To 
own the knowledge of; to own any thing or person 
in a particular character. SJuvc. To confess. 
Psalm li. To own; as, a benefit. Milton. 

ACKNOWLEDGING, ak-noF-ledj-lng. a. Ready 
to acknowledge benefits received. Dryden. 

ACKNO / WLEDGEMENT,ak-n6l'-le : dje-ment.328. 
[See Knowledge.] n. s. Concession of any char- 
acter in another, or of the truth of any position. Hale, 
Hooker. Confession of a fault, or of a benefit re- 
ceived. Act of attestation to any concession, such 
as homage. Spenser. Something given in confes- 
sion of a benefit received. Temple. 
A'CME, ak'-me. n.s. [aKufi, Gr.] The height of any 

thing. Burke. 
ACO'LD*, a-kold'. ad. Cold. Goicer. 



ak-kwl / -re. n.s. Acquirement. Bar- 



Naunton. 
ACQUFRY 

row. 
A'CQUTSITE* ak'-kwlz-it. a. That which is gained. 

Burton. Barrmo. 
ACQUISITION, ak-kwe-zish'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of acquiring or gaining. Sotxth. The thing gained. 
Denham. 
ACQUISITIVE, ak-kwiz'-ze-tfv. 157. a. That 

which is acquired. Wotton. 
ACQUISITIVELY*, ak-kwiz'-ze-tlv-le. ad. A term 

in grammar. Lilly. 
ACQUIST, ak-kwfsF. n. s. [acquistum, barb. Lat.] 

Acquisition. Milton. The same as Acquest. 
TbACQUFT£,ak-kw?t'. 415. v.a. [acquiter, Fr.] To 
set free. Spenser. To clear from a charge of guilt. 
Dnjden. To clear from any obligation, or dis- 
i charge a dutv. Dryden. 

!j ACQUITMENT, ak-kwlt'-ment. w. *. The state 
ij of being acquitted, or act of acquitting. South. 
li xlCQUFTTAL, ak-kwlt'-tal. 157. n.s. A deliver- 
j! ance from the suspicion or guilt of an offence. 
1 1 Swift. 

II To ACQUFTTANCE, ak-kwit'-tanse. v. n. To ac- 
quit. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 



ACO'LOTHlST,a-k6l'-l6-tWst.?z.s. [<koA w 0£ W ,Gr.] jj ACQUFTTANCE, ak-kwit'-tanse. n. s. The act of 
In the Romish church, one whose office is to pre- li discharging from a debt. Milton. A writing testify- 
pare the elements for the offices, to light the church, |i ing the receipt of a debt. ShaJc. 
&c. Ayliffe. ]• To ACRASE*or ACRA'ZE*, ak-kraze'. v.a. [ecra- 

A / COLYTE,ak'-6-lite.544. )n.s. The same with A- 1 i ser, FrJ To impair the understanding; to infatu- 

A'COLYTHE*. ak'-6-lfe/i. S colothist. Brevint. \\ ate. Mir. for Mas;. To impair, simply; to destroy. 

A'CONITE, ak'-ko-nlte. 155. n. s. [aicdviTov, Gr.] || Gascoigne. Ob. T. 
The herb wolfs-bane, or, in poetical language,!! A'CRASY*, suV-kra-ze. n. s. [a K paaia, Gr.] Excess: 
poison in general. Dryden. 

ACO'P*, a-kop'. ad. [cop, Sax. a top or point.] At 
the top ; high up. B. Jonson. 

A'CORN §, a 7 -korn. n. s. [^Ecenn, Sax.j The seed 
or fruit borne by the oak. Brown. 

A'CORNED, a'-k6rnd. a. Fed with acorns. Shak. 
In heraldry, an oak tree with acorns on it. 

ACO'USTICK*, a-kdu'-sllk. a. That which re- 
lates to hearing. 

ACO'USTICKS, a-kou'-stiks. 313. n.s. [aKovoriKa, 
of aKovu, Gr.] The doctrine or theory of sounds. 
Medicines to help the hearing. Quincy. 

To ACQUAINTS, ak-kwant 7 . 202. v. a. \accointer, 
Fr.] To make familiar with. Davies. To inform. 
Sliakspeare. 

ACQUAINT ABLE*, ak-kwan'-ta-bl. a. Easy to be 
acquainted with ; accessible. Rom. of die Rose. 

ACQUAINTANCE, ak-kwan'-tanse. n. s. Famil- 
iarity; knowledge. Dryden. Familiar knowledge. 



irregularity. Cornish's Life of Firmin. 
A'CRES, a'-kur. 98. 416. it.*. [iEcpe, Sax.] A 

quantity of land containing in length forty perches, 

and four in breadth, or 4840 square yards. Shak. 
A'CRED*, a'-kurd. part. a. Possessing acres. Pope 
A ; CRID, ak'-krid. a. [acer, Lat.] Of a hot biting 

taste; bitter. Arbuthnot. 
ACRIMO'NIOU 65 , ak-kre-md'-ne-us. 314. a. A- 

bounding with acrimony. Harvey. Severe. John- 

ACRIMO'NIOUSNESS*, ak-kre-mo'-ne-os-nes. 
n. s. The property of acrimony. 

ACRLMO'NIOUSLY*, ak-kre-m6'-ne-us-lc\ ad. In 
an acrimonious manner. 

A'CRIMONY §, ak'-kre-mi-ne. 557. [See Domes- 
tick.] n. s. [acrimonia, Lat.] Sharpness; corro 
siveness. Bacon. Sharpness of temper. South. 

A'CRITUDE, akMcre-tude. n. s. An aerid taste 
Grew. 

64 



ACT 




ADA 


— nd, mdvc, ndr, not ; 


—lube. 


tub, bflll ; — 611 ; — pdund ;—th'm, thjs. 



A'CRITY*, ak'-kre-te. n. s. Sharpness; eagerness. 
ACROAMA'TICAL, ak'-kr6-a-mat'-t6-kal. 509. ) 
ACROAALVTICK* ak-kro-a-mat'-tlk. » $ 

a. [aKpuuofxa, Gr.] Of or pertaining - to deep learn- 
ing-; the opposite of exoterical. Hales. 
ACROATICKS, ak-kr6-at'-Uks. n. s. [uKpoartKa, 
Gr.] Aristotle's lectures on philosophy, to which 
none but friends and scholars were admitted. 
ACROMION*, ak-kro'-me-dn. n. s. [acromion, Fr.] 
In anatomy, the upper process of the shoulder-blade. 
Smith. 
ACRO'NYCAL, ak-kron'-e-kul. a. [dtyos and vuf 1 ! 
The rising or setting of the stars is called acrojtycal,\ 
when they either appear above or sink below thej 
horizon at the time oi sunset. It is opposed to cos- ' 
mical. More. 
ACRO'NYCALLY, ak-kron'-e-kal-le. ad. At the 

acronvcal time. Dryden. 
ACROSPIRE, ak'-kr6-splre. 151. n.s. [iicpos and 
Girfipa, Gr.] A shoot or sprout from the end of 
seeds. Mortimer. 
ACROSPIRED, ak'-kro-spl-red. 362. part. a. Hav- 
ing sprouts. Mortimer. 
ACROSS, a-krdss'. ad. Athwart; laid over some- 
thing so as to cross it. Bacon. Adversely; con- 
traniv. Mir. for Mag. 
ACRO'STICK, a-kr&ss'-tlk. n.s. [aKpos and ctI-\ 
yoj, Gr.] A poem in which the first letter of every) 
fine makes up the name of the person or thing oni 
which the poem is written. Burton. 
ACRO STICK, a-krdss'-tik. a. That which relates 

to or contains acrosticks. Dryden. 
ACROST1CALLY*. a-kr&ss'-tik-al-le. ad. In the 

manner of an acrostick. 
A'CROTERS, ak'-kr6-turs. ) 71. s. [fcpov, Gr.] 
ACR O TE'RIA, ak-ro-te'-re-a. 5 Little pedestals 
without bases, placed at the middle and the two 
extremes of pediments. 



To A'CTIVATE, ak'-te- 
tive. Montagu. Bacon. 

VU Ah/. 



au 



a. To make ac- 



T- ACT$, akt. v. n. [ago, actum, Lat.] To be in ac-! 
lion; not to rest. Pope. To perform the proper j 
functions. South. To practise arts or duties. Dry. 
To produce effects on some passive subject. Garth. 

To ACT, akt. v. a. To bear a borrowed character. 
Pope. To counterfeit; to feign by action. Dryden. 
To actuate; .to put in motion; to regulate the, 
movements. South. Locke. 

ACT, akt. n.s. Something done; a deed. Shak.l 
Agency. Shak. Action ; the performance of ex- j 
ploits. Dryden. The doing of some particular! 
tiling; a step taken. Shak. A state of reality; ef- 
fect. Hooker. Incipient agency ; tendency to an 
efibrt. Dryden. Apart of a play, during which 
the action proceeds without interruption. Hammond, j 
A decree of a court of justice, or edict of a legisla-i 
ture. Shak. Record of judicial proceedings. Ay-\ 
liffe. The exercise, or ceremony, observed iu thej 
publick schools, for adegree in the universities. Lift 
of A. Wood. 

A'CTING* akf-?ng. n. s. Action. South. Perform- 
ing" an assumed part. Churchill. 

A'CTION, ak'-sh&h. 290. n. s. The quality or stale of 
acting. Shak. An act or thing done; a deed. 
Shak. Agency ; operation. Bentley. The series 
of events represented in a fable. Addison. Gestic-i 
illation; the accordance of the motions of the body I 
with the words spoken. Shak. A process in law. 
Cowel. The word in the plural is, m France, the 
same as stocks in England. Swift. 

ACTIONABLE, ak'-shun-a-bl. 405. a. That which 
admits an action in law. Hoivel. 

A'CTIONABLY* ak'-shun-a-ble. ad. In a manner 
subject to a process of law. 

A'CTIONARY, ak'-shun-a-re. > n. s. One that has 

A'CTIONIST, ak'-sh&n-Ist. )a share in actions 
or stocks. 

A'CTION-TA'KLNG, ak'-shun-uV-k?ng. a. Accus- 
tomed to resent by means of law; litigious. Shak. 

A / CTION-THREATENER*,ak / -shfln-</iret / -t'n-ur. 
n. s. One of a litigious or revengeful disposition, 
accustomed to threaten actions at law. Harmar. 

ACTITA'TION, ak-te-ta'-shun. n. s. [actito, Lat.] 
\ction auick and frequent. Did. 
9 



A'CTIVE, ak'-llv. 151. a. That which has the power 
or quality of acting. Newton. That which acta, 
opposed to passive. Donne. Busy; engaged in ac- 
tion. Denliam. Practical ; not merely theoretical 
Hooker. Nimble; agile; quick. Dryd. In grammar, 
a verb active is that which signifies action. Clarke. 
A'CTrVELY, ak'-tlv-le. ad. In an active manner; 
busily; nimbly. Bp. Patrick. In an active signifi- 
cation. A grammatical term. Montagu. In act. 
Bp.Hall. 

A'CTIVENESS, ak'-tfv-nes. n. s. The quality of 
being active; quickness ; nimbleness. WiLkins. 

ACTIVITY, ak-uV-e-le. 515. The quality of being 
active, applied to things or persons. Bacon. 

A'CTLESS*, akt'-less. a. Without spirit ; insipid. 
Soutlwrne. 

A'CTOR, ak'-tur. 93, 418. n. s. He that acts, or per- 
forms any thing. Bacon. A stage-player. B. Jon 

A'CTRESS, ak'-tres. n. 5. She that performs any 
thing. Addison. A woman that plavs on the stage. 

A'CTUAL, ak'-tshu-al. 461. a. That which coin- 
prises action. Slw/c. Really in act. Milton. Not 
purely in speculation. Dryden. 

ACTUA'LITY, ak-tshu-al ; -le-te. n. 3. The state 
of being actual. Cheyne. 

A'CTUALLY, ak'-tshu-al-le. ad. In act; really. 
South. 

A'CTUALNESS, ak'-tshu-al-nes. n. s. The quality 
of being actual. 

A'CTUARY, ak'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [actuarius, Lat.] 
The register who compiles minutes of the proceed- 
ings of a court, or society. Ayliffe. 

A'CTUATE, ak'-tshu-ate. a. Put into action. Soutli. 

To ACTUATES, ak'-tshu-ate. v. a. To put into ac- 
tion. Brown. 

ACTUATION*, ak-tshu-i'-shun. n. s. Operation. 
Glanville. Pearson. 

ACTUO'SE^k-tshu-ose'. [See Tumulose.] a. That 
which hath strong powers of action. 

roA'CUATEMuV-u-ate. 91. v. a. [acuo,Lat.] To 
sharpen. Harvey. 

ACUITY*, a-ku'-e-le. n. s. Sharpness. Perkins. 

ACU'LEATE, a-ku'-le-ate. 91. a. That which has a 
point or sting ; prickly. Bacon. 

ACUMEN, a-ku'-men. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A sharp 
point; figuratively, quickness of intellects. Pope. 

To ACUMINATE"*, a-kiV-me-nate. r. n. To rise 
like a cone ; to whet or sharpen. Milton. 

ACUMINATE*, a-ku'-me-nate. u. Figuratively, 
sharp. Gay ton. 

ACU/MINATED, a-ku'-me-na-ted. part. a. Sharp- 
pointed. Broun. 

ACUMINA'TIONfa-ku-me-na'-shan. n.s. A sharp 

£oint. Pearson. 
UTE$, a-kute'. a. [aadus, Lat.] Sharp; ending 
ill a point. Locke. Ingenious ; penetrating. Locke. 
Vigorous ; powerful in operation, as applied to the 
senses. Locke. Sharp, in taste. Wfiilaker. Acute 
disease, any disease which terminates in a few 
days; opposed to chronical. Quinaj. Acute ac- 
cent, that which raises or sharpens the voice. 

To ACUTE*, a-kute'. v. a. To render the accent 
acute. 

ACUTELY, a-kute'-le. ad. Sharply. Locke. 

ACUTENESS, a-kute'-nes. n. s. Sharpness. More. 
Force of intellects. Locke. Quickness and vigour 
of senses. Locke. Violence and speedy crisis of a 
maladv. Broicn. Sharpness of sound. Boyle. 

To AD ACT*, ad-akt'. v. a. [adago, Lat.] To drive; 
to compel. Fotlierby. 

ADAGE $,ad'-aje. 90. )n. s. [adagmm, Lat.] A 

A'DAGY*, ad'-a-je. $ maxim handed down from 
antiquity ; a proverb. Glanville. Smith. 

ADA'GIAL*, ad-a'-je-al. a. Proverbial. Barrow. 

ADA'GIO,k-(kk'-ik-b. n.s. [Ital. at leisure.] A slow 
time in musick. Dr. Wliarton. 

A'DAMANT $, ad'-a-mant. n. s. [adamas, Lat.J A 
stone of impenetrable hardness. Shak. The dia- 
mond. Ray. Adamant is taken for the loadstone. 
Shakspeare. 

65 



ADD 



ADH 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



ADAMANTE'AN, ad-ii-man-le'-an. a. Hard as ada- 
mant. Milton. 

ADAMANTINE, ad-a-man'-tln. a. Made of ada- 
mant. Dnjden. Hard, indissoluble. Davies. 

§CF Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kcnrick, and Mr. Perry, uniformly 
pronounce the last syllable of this word as it is here 
marked, and W. Johnston only so as to rhyme with line. 
140. W. 

A'DAM'S-APPLE, ad'-amz-ap'-pl. n. s. A promi- 
nent part of the throat. 
A'DAMITE §*, ad'-am-lte. n. s. The name of a class 
of hereticks who used to pray naked. Cleaveland, 
ADAMITICK*, ad-am-lt'-'ik. a. Like an Adamite, 

Bp. Taylor. 
To ADA'PTfc, a-dapt'. v. a. [adapto, Lat.] To fit 

one thing- to another. Swift. 
AD ATT ABLE*, a-dapl'-a-bl. a. That which may 

be adapted. 
ADAPT ABILITY*, a-dapt-a-b?l'-le-te. n. s. The 

capability of adaption. 
ADAPTATION, ad-ap-ta'-shun. 527. n. s. The act 
of fitting - one thing; to another ; the fitness of one 
thing to another. Brown. 
ADA'PTION, a-dap'-shun. n. s. The act of fitting. 

Cheyne. 
To ADA'UNT*, a-dant'. v. a. To subdue. Skellcm. 

See Daunt, the modern word. 
To ADA'W*, a-daw'. v. a. To daunt; to keep un- 
der; to subject. Spenser. Ob. T. 
To ADA'W*, a-daw'. v.n. To be daunted. Spenser. 

Ob. T. 
ADA'YS*, a-daze'. ad. On days. Gower. 
To ADCO'RPORATE, ad-koV-p6-rate. v. a. [ad 
and corpus.] To unite one body with another. Diet. 
To ADD§, ad. v. a. [addo, Lat.] To join something 
to that which was before. Dryden. To perform 
the mental operation of adding one number or con- 
ception to another. Locke. 
A'DDABLE, ad'-dix-bi. a. That which may be add 

ed. Cocker. 
To ADDE'CIMATE, ad-des'-se-mate. 91. v. a. To 

take or ascertain tithes. Did. 
To ADE'EM, ad-deem', v. a. [from deem.] To 

award ; to sentence. Daniel. Ob. J. 
ADDE'ND UM*, ad-den'-dfim. n. s. [Lat.] An 
addition or appendix to a work. In the plural, 
addenda. 
A'DDER, ad'-dur. 98, 418. n. s. [JE-cteji, JEt- 
teop, Nabbpe, Sax.] A serpent; a viper ; a poi- 
sonous reptile. Sliakspeare. 
A'DDER'S-GRASS, ad'-durz-grass. n. s. A plant, 

about which serpents lurk. Skinner. 
A'DDER'S-TONGUE, ad'-darz-tung. n. s. The 

name of an herb. Miller. 
A'DDER'S-WORT, ad'-d&rz-w&rt. n. s. An herb, 

supposed to cure the bite of serpents. 
A'DDIBLE, ad'-de-bl. 505. See Addable. 
ADDIBI LITY, ad-de-bn'-le-te. 511. n. s. The pos- 
sibility of being added. Locke. [Moxon. 
A'DDICE, ad'-dk 142. n.s. An adz; an axe. 
ADDI'CT*, ad-dlkt'. a. Addicted. Homilies. 
To ADDFCT $, ad-dlkt'. v. a. To devote ; to dedi- 
cate : in a good or bad sense. 1 Cor. xvi. To de 
vote one's self to any person, or party. B. Jonson. 



The 



A'DDICTEDNESS, ad-dlk'-ted 
quality of being addicted. Boyle. 

ADDI'CTION, ad-dlk'-shun. n.s. The act of devot- 
ing, or giving up. Sprat. The state of being de- 
voted. Shakspeare. 

A DDITAMENT, ad-dlt'-a-ment. n. s. [additamen- 
tum, Lat.] The addition, or thing added. Bacon. 

ADDFTION, ad-dW-shun. 459- n. s. The act of 
adding one thing to another. Bentley. Additament, 
or the thing a ide.d. Hammond. In arithmetick, the 
reduction of wo or more numbers of like kind to- 
gether into one sum or total. Cocker. In law, a 
title given to a man over and above his Christian 
name and surname. Cowel. 
ADDITIONAL, ad-dlsh'-shun-al. a. That which 

is added. Holder. 
ADDITIONAL, ad-dish'-shfin-al. n. s. Something 
added. Bacon. 



ADDITION ALLY*, ad-dish'-shfin-al-le. ad. In ad 

dition. Clerk. 
ADD1TIONARY*, ad-dfsh'-shun-a-re. a. That 

which may be added. Herbert. 
A'DDITORY, ad'-de-to-re. 512. a. Having the 

power or quality of adding. Arbuthnct. 

A'DDLE§,ad'-dl. 405. a. [abel, Sax.] Originally 

applied to eggs, and signifying such as produce 

nothing, but grow rotten under the hen; thence 

transferred to brains that produce nothing. Hudib. 

To A'DDLE, ad'-dl. v. a. To make addle. Brown. 

ToA'DDLE, ad'-dl. v.n. To grow; to increase; to 

earn or produce. Tusser. Ob. J. 
A'DDLE-HEADED*, ad'-dl-hed'-ded. ) a. Hav 
A'DDLE-PATED, ad'-dl-pa'-ted. $ ing addle 

brains. Tr. of Rabelais. Dryden. 
To ADDO OM*, ad-doftm'. v. a. [ad and doom.] To 

adjudge. Spenser. 
ADDO'RSED*, ad-dor'-sed. part. a. In heraldry, 

signifies beasts, &c. turned back to back. 
To ADDRE'SS§, ad-dress', v. a. To prepare one's 
self to enter upon any action. Spenser. To get 
ready. Hayward. To apply to another by words. 
To address (in law) is to apply to the king in form. 
Swift. 
ADDRE'SS, ad-dress', n, s. [addresse, Fr.] Verbal 
application to any one, by way of persuasion ; peti- 
tion ; preparation of one's self to enter upon any 
action, with to before the thing. See To Address 
Prior. Courtship. Addison-. Manner of address 
ing another. Skill ; dexterity. Swift. Manner o( 
directing a letter. Written application to any one. 
Johnson. 
ADDRE'SSER, ad-clres'-s&r. 98. n. s. The person 

that addresses. Burke. 
!ToADDU'CE§*,ad-duse'.r.a. [adduco, Lat.] To 

bring forward ; to urge ; to allege. Reid. 
ADDU'CENT, ad-ckV-se'nt. a. A word applied to 
those muscles that bring forward, close, or draw to- 
gether the parts of the body to which they are an- 
nexed. Quincy. 
ADDU'CIBLE*, ad-du'-se-bl. a. That which may 

be brought forward. 
ADDU'CTION*, ad-duk'-shun. n. s. The act of ad- 
ducing or bringing forward. Smith. 
ADDU/CTD7E*, ad-duk'-tlv. a. That which fetches, 

or brings down. Brevint. 
To ADDU'LCE, ad-dulse', v. a. [dukis, Lat.] To 

sweeten. Bacon. Ob. J. 
ADELANTA>DO*,kd-h.&n-&'-d6. n.s. [Span.] 
The king's lieutenant in a province, or any great 
place of charge. B. Jonson. 
A'DELING, n. s. [abela, and lintf, Sax.] A word of 
honour among the Angles, properly appertaining 
to the king's children. Cowel. 
ADEMPTION, a-dem'-shun. 412. n.s. [adimo, 

ademptum, Lat.] Taking away; privation. Diet. 

ADENO'GRAPHY, ad-de-nog'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. 

[aSrjvov and ypd<pu>, Gr.] A treatise of the glands. 

ADE'PTj, a-dept'. n.s. He that is completely 

skilled in all the secrets of his art. Pope. 
ADE'PT, a-dept'. a. [acleptus, Lat.] Skilful; thor 

oughly versed. Boyle. 
ADEMPTION*, a-dep'-shun. n. s. Attainment. 
To ADEQUATE $*,ad'-e-kwate. v. a. [adeqiw, 



Lat.] To resemble exactly. SMford, 
ADEQUATE, ad'-e-kwate. 91. a. Equal to; pro- 
portionate. Harvey. 
ADEQUATELY, ad'-e-kwate-le. ad. In an ade- 
quate manner. South. 
ADEQUATENESS, ad'-e-kwate-nes. n. s. The 

state of being adequate. 
ADEQUATION*, ad'-e-kwa-shun. n. s. Adequate- 

ness. Bp. Barlow. 
ADESPO'TICK, ad-e-spot'-fk. a. Not absolute; not 

despotick. 
ADFFLIATED*, ad-fll'-e-a-tgd. part. a. Adopted 

for a son. Diet. 
To ADHE'RE§,ad-here'. v.n. [adhcereo, Lat.] To 
stick to; as, wax to the finger. To be consistent. 
Sliak. To remain firmly fixed to a party, person, 
or opinion. Shakspeare. 
66 



ADJ 



ADM 



-i)6 ; move, n6r, n&t;— tube, tub, bflHj — 6il ; — pound 5— thin, THis. 



aDHE'RENCE, ad-hc'-rense. n. s. The quality of 
adhering; tenacity. Fixedness of mind; steadi- 
ness; fidelity. Addison. 

ADHfc'RENCY. ad-he'-rcn-se. 182. ?i.s. Steady at- 
tachment. Bp. Taylor. That which adheres. De- 
rail of Piety. 

ADHERENT, ad-he'-rent. a. Sticking- to. Pope. 
United with. South. 

ADHE'RENT, ad-he'-rent. n. s. The person that ad- 
heres; a follower ; a partisan. Raleigh. Anything 
outwardly belonging- to a person. Government of 
the Tongue. 

ADHERENTLY* ad-he'-rent-le. ad. In an ad- 
herent manner. [Swift. 

ADHE'RER, ad-he'-rur. 98. n. s. He that adheres. 

ADHESION, ad-he'-zhftn. 451. n.s. The act or 
state of sticking to something. Boyle. 

ADHESIVE, ad-he'-slv. 158,. 428. a. Sticking; te- 
nacious. Thomsttn. 

ADHESIVELY*,'ad-he'-stv-le. ad. In an adhesive 
manner, 

ADHESIVENESS* ad-he'-siv-nes. v. s. Tena- 
citv ; viscosity. 

To ADHI'BITS, ad-hib' bit. v. a. [adhibeo, Lat'.] To 
apply: 1o make use of. President Forbes. 

ADHD3ITION, ad-he-bish'-shun. 507. n.s. Appli- 
cation ; use. Whitaker. 

ADHORTA'TION*, ad-h8r-ta'-shun. n. s. [adhorla- 
iio. Lat.] Advice. Remedy for Sedition. 

ADJA'CENCY$,ad-ja'-sen-se. 182. n.s. [adjaceo, 
Eat.] The state of lying close to another thing. 
Bwini. 

ADJA'CENT, ad-ja/-seT.t. a. Lying near or close. 
Bacon. Newton. 

ADJA'CENT, ad-ja'-sent. n.s. That which lies next 
another. Locke. 

ADIA'PHORACY*, a-de-afMo-ra-se. n.s. Indif- 
ferencv. Diet. 

ADIAPHOROUS, a-de-af-fo-rfis. a. USiafopos, 
Gr.] Neutral. Quincy. Indifferent. Puller 

ADIA'PHORY, a-de-af-f6-re. 534. n.s. Neulr; 
indifference. 

To ADJE'CT §, ad-jekt'. 0. a. [adjicio, adjectum, Lat.] 
To add to. Leland. 

ADJE'CTION, ad-jek'-slmn. n.s. The act of ad- 
jecting, or adding. B. Jonson. The thing adject- 
ed. Brown. 

ADJECTI'TIOUS, ad-jek-dsh'-fis. a. Added; 
thrown in upon the rest. Maundrell. 

A'DJECTIVE, ad'-jek-dv. 512. n.s. A word added 
to a noun, to sigmfv some quality ; as, good, bad 
Clarke. 

A'DJECTIVELY, ad'-jek-tlv-le. ad. In the manner 
of an adjective. KnatchbuU. 

ADIEU', "a-diV. 284. ad. [from a Dieu. Fr.] Fare- 
well. Fairy Queen. 

Tb ADJOIN §.ad-joni'. 299. v. a. [adjoindre, Fr.] 
To join to. Milton, To fasten by a joint or junc- 
ture. Shakspeare. 
To ADJO'IN, ad-jSln'. r. 7?. To be contiguous to. 
Dn/den. [rem. 

ADJO'INANT^iKl-joV-ant. a. Contiguous to. Ca- 
To ADJO'URN$.ad-jftrn'. 314. r. a. \adjourner, Fr.] 
To put off to another day. Shak. To' defer. Shak. 
Dn/den. 

ADJOURNMENT, ad-jurn'-ment. n. 5. A putting 
off till another day. Cowel. Delay ; procrastina- 
tion. V Estrange. [Diet 

A'DIPOUS, ad'-de-pUs. 314. a. [adipose, Ls.i.) Fad 

A'DIT§, ad ; -lt. n.s. [aditus, Lat.] A passage (for 

the convevance of water) under ground. Carew. 
ADFTION; ad-ish'-shun. 459. n.s. [adeo, adiium, 

Lat.] The act of going to another. Diet. 
To ADJU'DGE§, ad-jtidje'. v. a. [adjvger, Fr.] To 
give by a judicial sentence. Lockt. To decree ju- 
dicially. Bacon. To sentence, or condemn to a 
punishment. Shak. To judge ; to decree. Knolles. 
ADJUDGEMENT* ad-judje'-mgnt. n. s. Adjudi- 
cation. Temple. 
ADJUDICATION, ad-ju-de-ka'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of judging, or granting by judicial sentence. Lord 
Clarendon. 



Neutrality : 



To ADJU'DICATE $, ad-jiV-de-kate. v. a. [adiudico, 

Lat.] To adjudge. 
To A'DJUGATE, ad'-jn-gate. 91. v. a. [adjugo, 

Lai. I To voke to. Diet. 
A'DJUMENT, ud'-ju-ment. ?i. s. [adjumentum, Lat.] 

Help ; support. Waterhouse. 
A'DJUNCT$, iid'-junkt. n. s. [adjunctum, Lat.] 

Something- united to another. Sha/c. A person 

joined to another. Wotton. 
A'DJUNCT, ad'-junkt. a. United with. Shakspeare. 
ADJUNCTION, iid-junk'-shun. n.s. The act of 

adjoining. The thing joined. 
ADJUNCTIVE, ad-jnnk'-dv. 158. n.s. He that 

i'oins. That which is joined. 
MTUNCTIVE* ad-junkM'iv. a. That which joins. 

ADJUNCTIVELY*. ad-j&nk'-dv-le. ad. In an ad- 
junctive manner. 

ADJU'NCTLY*, ad-jOnkt'-le. ad Consequently; 
in connexion with. 

ADJURATION, ad-ja-ra'-shun. n.s. The act of 
charging another solemnly by word or oath. Black- 
wall. The form of oath. Addison. 

To ADJU'RE §, ad-jure'. v. a. [adjuro, Lat.] To 
impose an oath upon another. Milton. To charge 
earnestlv. 1 Kings, xxii. 

ADJU'RER*. ad-jiV-rur. n. s. One that exacts an 
oath. 

To ADJUST v, ad-just', v. a. [adjuster, Fr.] To re- 
gulate; to put in order. Swift.' To reduce to the 
true state. Locke. To make conformable; adjust 
with. Addison, Blair. 

ADJUSTER* ad-jvV-tiV n. s. He who places in 
due order. Dr. Warton. 

ADJUSTMENT, ad-jiW-ment. n. s. Regulation J 
settlement. Woodward, The state of being regu- 
lated. Watts. 

A'DJUTANCY^ad'-ju-tan-se. ?i,s. The military of- 
fice of an adjutant. Skilful arrangement. Burke. 

A'DJUTANf , ad'-ja-tant. 503. n. s. [adjuto, Lat.] 
An officer, whose duty is to assist the major of a 
regiment, and who was formerly called aia-major; 
an assistant. Bp. Taylor. 

To ADJU'TE §. ad-jute', v. a. [adjuvo, adiutum, Lat.l 
To help. B. Jonson. Oh. J. ' 

ADJU'TOR, ad-juMftr. 98, 166. n. s. A helper. 
Diet. 

ADJUTORY, ad'-ju-tur-re. 512,557. a. That which 
helps. Diet. 

ADJU TRIX. ad-ju -triks. it. s. She who helps. 
Diet. 

A'DJUVANT, ad'-ju-vant. a. [adjuvans, Lat.] Help- 
ful; useful. Howell. 

A'DJUVANT*, ad'-ju-vanl. n. s. An assistant. Sir 
H. Yelverton. 

To A'DJUVATES, ad'-ju-vate. v. a. To help. Diet. 

ADMEASUREMENT, ad-mezh'-ure-ment. n. s. 
The adjustment of proportions. Cowel, 

ADMENSURA'TION, ad-men-shu-ra'-shun. 452. 
n. s. [ad and mensura, Lat.] The act or prac- 
tice of measuring-. 

To ADMETIATE*, ad-me'-she-ate. v. a. [adme- 
tior, Lat.] To measure. Diet. 

ADMINICLE, ad-min'-e-kl. 405.71.5. [adminiculum, 
Lat.] Kelp ; support. Diet. 

ADMINICULAR. dd-me-nnV-a-iar. 418. a. Helpful. 
Tr. of Rabelais.' 

To ADMINISTERS, ad-mln'-nls-tur. 98. v. a. [ad- 
ministro, Lat.] To give; to afford; to supplv. 
Philips. To act as minister or agent. Pope. To 
distribute right. To dispense the sacraments. 
Hooker. To tender an oath. Shak. To give phy- 
sick. Wafers. To contribute. Spectator. To per- 
form the office of an administrator. Arbuthnot. 

ADMINISTRABLE*, ad-nuV-nfs-tra-bl. a. Capa- 
ble of administration. 

To ADMINISTRATE, ad-mm'-nis-trate. 91. v. a. 
To exhibit ; to give as physick. Woodward. Ob. J. 

ADMINISTRATION, ad'-mm-nis-tra'-shun. 527. 
n s. The act of conducting any employment. Shak. 
The executive part of government. Swift. Col- 
lectively, those to whom the care of publick affairs 
is committed. Burke. Distribution; exhibition; 
C7 



ADM 



ADR 



[D" 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pto;— 



dispensation. Hooker. The rights and duties of an 
administrator to a person deceased. Coved. 
ADMINISTRATIVE, ad-min'-nls-tra-tlv. 157. a 

That which administers. 
ADMINISTRATOR, ad'-mm-nls-tra'-tiV 98, 527 
n. 5. He that has the goods of a man dying intes- 
tate. Cowel. He that officiates in divine rites. Watts 
He that conducts the government. Swift. He who 
acts as minister or agent. Sir E. Sandys. 
ADMINISTRATRIX, ad'-nun-nis-tra'-trix. 527 
n. s. She who administers or has the supreme di- 
rection. Burke. 
A DMINISTRATORSHIP, ad'-mln-nls-tra'-tur- 

sh?p. 7i. 5. The office of administrator. 
ADMIRABFLITY, ad'-me-ra-bilMe-te. 511, 527. 

n.5. The quality of being admirable. Diet. 
A'DMIRABLE^ad'-me-ra-bl. 405. a. [admirabilis, 

Lat.] To be admired. Sidney. 
A'DMIRABLENESS, ad'-me-ra-bl-nes. 511, 527. 

77. s. The quality of being admirable. Ellis. 
A'DMIRABLY, ad'-me-ra-ble. ad. So as to raise 

wonder. Addison. 

A'DMIRAL$, ad'-me-ral. n. s. A chief officer of the 

king's navy. Cowel. The chief commander of a 

fleet. Knolles. Anv great or capital ship. Knolles. 

^'DMIRALSHIP, ad'-me-ral-ship. n.s. The office 

or power of an admiral. 
A'DMIRALTY, ad'-me-ral-te. «. s. [amiraulte, Fr.] 
The power appointed for the administration of na- 
val affairs. Bacon. 
§Cr This word is frequently pronounced as if written ad- 
miraltry, with an r in the last syllablo; nor is this mis- 
pronunciation, however improper, confined to the lowest 
order of the people. The same may be observed of 
mayoralty. W. 
ADMIRATION, ad-me-ra'-shun. n. s. Wonder; the 

act of admiring. Milton. 
ADMFRATD7E*, ad-ml'-ra-t?v. a. The point of ad- 
miration, marked thus ! Cotgrave. 
To ADMIRE §, ad-mlre 7 . r. a. [admiro, Lat.] To 
regard with wonder. Glanville. To regard with 
love. Shakspeare. 
To ADMFRE, ad-mlre'. v. n. To wonder. Ray. 
ADMIRER, ad-ml'-rur. 98. n. s. The person that 

wonders. Addison. A lover. Toiler. 
ADMFRINGLY, ad-mi'-ring-le. ad. With admira- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
ADMFSSIBLE, ad-mV-se-bl. 405. a. That which 

may be admitted. Hale. 
ADMISSIBLY*, ad-nuV-se-ble. ad. In a manner 

which may be admitted. 
ADMFSSION, ad-mish'-shun. n. s. The act or prac- 
tice of admitting. Bacon. The state of being ad- 
mitted. Dryden. Admittance. Woodward. Intro- 
duction to a church-living. Ayliffe. The allowance 
of an argument. 
ADMFSSION-MONEY*, ad-mfsh'-shun-imV-ne. 

n. 3. Money paid for admission. Sprat. 
To ADMIT $,ad-mu'. v. a. [admitto, Lat.] To suf- 
fer to enter. Milton. To suffer to enter upon an 
office. Clarendon. To allow an argument or posi- 
tion. Fairfax. To allow, or grant in general. 
Dryden. To commit : a Latinism. Milton. 
ADMI'TTABLE, ad-mn'-ta-bl. a. That which may 

be admitted. Harrison. [Rather, admittibk. T.] 
ADMITTANCE, ad-nuV-tanse. n. s. The act of ad- 
mitting. Hooker. The power or right of entering. 
Shak. Prerogative of being admitted to great 
persons. SJiak. Concession of a position. Brown. 
ADMITTER*, ad-inlt'-tur. n. s. He who admits. 

Bp. Hall. 
To ADMFX§, ad-milks', v. a. [admisceo, Lat.] To 

mingle with. 
ADMFXTION, ad-mfks'-tshun. n. s. The mingling 

of one body with another. Bacon. 
A.DMFXTIJRE, ad-mfks'-tshure. 461. n.s. The 

body mingled with another. Harvey. 
To ADMONISH §, ad-mon'-n?sh. v. a. [admoneo, 
Lat.] To warn of a fault ; to reprove gently. De- 
cay of Piety. To inform ; to acquaint with. Milton. 
ADMONISHER, ad-mSn'-n?sh-fir. n. s. He that ad- 
monishes. Tranti. of Bullinger's Serm. Dryden. 



ADMONISHMENT, ad-m&n'-nlsh-ment. n. s. Ad- 
monition. Shakspeare. 
ADMONITION, ad-m6-n?sh'-un. n.s. The hint 

of a fault or duty ; gentle reproof. Hooker. 
ADMONFTIONER, ad-m6-nJsh'-un-flr. n.s. A dis- 
penser of admonition. Hooker. 
ADMON1TP7E*, ad-m6n'-ne-tlv. a. That which 

admonishes. Barrow. 
ADMON1TOR*, ad-m6n'-ne-tur. n.s. The person 

who admonishes. Hobbes. 
ADMONITORY, ad-m&n'-ne-tflr-re. [See Domks 

tick.] a. That which admonishes. Hooker. 
To ADMO'VE, ad-mOdve'. v. a. [admoveo, Lat.] To 

bring one thing to another. Brown. Ob. J. 
ADMURMURATION, ad-mfir-mu-ra'-shun. n. s 
[admurmuro, Lat.] Murmuring, or whispering to 
another. Diet. 
ADNA'SCENT* ad-nas'-sent. part. a. [adnasce:,s, 

Lat.] Growing upon something else. Evelyn. 
ADNATE*, ad-nate'. a. [adnatus, Lat.] Growing 

upon. Smith. 
ADO'S, a-d66\ n. s. [aboa, Sax. to do.] Trouble; 
difficulty. Sidney. Bustle; tumult. Shak. More 
tumult than the affair is worth. ShaJcspeare. 
ADOLE'SCENCE, ad-o-les'-sense. ) 510. n.s. [ado- 
ADOLE'SCENCY, ad-6-leV-sen-se. \ lescaUia,hat.] 
The age succeeding childhood, and succeeded by 
puberty. Brown. 
ADO'ORS* a-d6rz'. ad. At doors ; at the door. 

Beaum. and Fl. Gataker. 
To ADO'PT§, a-d&pt'. v. a. [adopto, Lat.] To make 
him a son, who was not so by birth. Beaum. and Fl. 
To place any person or thing in a nearer relation. 
Dryden. 
ADO'PTEDLY, a-dop'-t^d-le. <"*• After the manner 

of something adopted. Shak. 
ADO'PTER, a-d&p'-tur. 98. n. s. He that makes the 

adoption. Huloet. 
ADO'PTION, a-dop'-shfln. 459. n. s. The act of 
adopting. Lord Chesterfield. The state of being 
adopted. Shakspeare. 
ADO'PTIVE, d-dop'-tiv. 157. a. He that is adopt- 
ed by another. Bacon. He that adopts another. 
Arjliffe. He who is not native. Bacon. 
ADO'RABLE, a-d<y-ra-bl. 405. a. That which is 

worthy of divine honours. Cheyne. 
ADO'RABLENESS, a-d6'-ra-bl-nes. n. s. Worthi- 
ness of divine honours; quality of being adorable. 
ADO'RABLY, a-do'-ra-ble. ad. In a manner wor- 
thy of adoration. 
ADORATION, ad-d6-ra'-shun. n. s. The external 
homage paid to the Divinity. Hooker. Homage 
paid to persons in high place or esteem. Slialc. 
ToADO'ItES, a-d6re 7 . v. a. [adoro, Lat.] To wor- 
ship with external homage. Dryden. To reve- 
rence; to honour; to love. Toiler. 
ADO'REMENT, a-d6re'-ment. n. s. Adoration. 

Brown. 
ADORER, a-d6'-rur. 98. n. s. He that adores ; a 

worshipper. Shakspeare. 
To ADORNS, a-d6rn'. 167. v. a. [adorno, Lat.] To 
dress with ornaments. Isaiah. To set out with 
decorations. Cowley. To embellish with oratory or 
elegance of language. Sprat. 
ADO'RN* a-d6rn'. n. s. Ornament. Spenser. 
ADO'RN, a-d6rn'. a. Adorned. Milton. 
ADO'RNING*, a-ddrnMng. n. s. Ornament. More, 

1 Peter. 
ADO'RNMENT, a-d6rn'-ment. n. s. Ornament; em 

bellishment; elegance. Raleigh. 
ADO' WN, a-doun° 323. ad. [abune, Sax/J Down ; on 
the ground. Spenser. Anciently used for below. 
Chaucer. 
ADO'WN, a-do5n'. prep. Down; towards the ground. 

Dryden. Throughout. 
ADRE'AD, a-dred 7 . 234. ad. [abpaeb, Sax.] In a 

state of fear. Sidney. Ob. J. 
ADRFFT, a-drfft'. ad. [abpipan, Sax.] Floating at 

random. Milton. 
ADROIT, a-drdit'. 305. a. [French.] Dextrous ; 
active ; skilful. Jervas. [Chester field. 

ADROITLY*, a-drdu'-le. ad. Dextrously. Lord 
63 



ADV 



ADV 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tQb, bull ; — oil ;— pound ;— */nn, this. 



ADROFTNESS, a-dr6it'-nls. n.s. Dexterity. Home. 
ADRY', a-drl'. ad. [abm&an, Sax.] Athirst. Burton. 
ADSCITITIOUS, ad-se-tish'-Ss. 311, a. [adscili- 

tius, Lai.] Supplemental; additional. Clarke. 
ADSTR1CTION, ad-strik'-shun. n.s. [acistriclio, 

Lat.] The act of binding- tog-ether. 
^ADVANCES, ad-vanse'. 78. v. a. [avarwer, Fr.] 

To bring forward. Milton. To raise to preferment. 

Bacon. To improve. Tillolson. To heighten : to 

grace. South. To forward. Bacon To propose 

to offer to the publick. Spenser. To pay before' 

hand. To lift up. Barret. 
To ADVANCE, dd-vanse'. r. n. To come forward 

Pai~nel. To make improvement. Locke. 
ADVANCE, iid-vanse'. 79. n.s. The act of coming 

forward. Clarendon. A tendency to meet a lover. 

Walsli. Gradual progression. ' Atterbury. Im- 

Erovement. Hale. Advance-money; money given 
efore-hand. Junius to the King. 
ADVANCEMENT, ad-vanse'-ment. n. s. The act of 
coming forward. Swift. Preferment. Shak. The 
act of advancing another. Shak. Improvement; 

£romotion. Brown. Settlement on a wife. Bacon, 
VANCER, ad-van'-sur. 98. n.s. He that ad- 
vances. Bacon. 

ADVANTAGE §, ad-van'-tadje. 90. n. s. [avantage. 
Fr.J Superiority. Sprat. Superiority by unlawful 
means. Spenser. Opportunity; convenience. Shak. 
Favourable circumstances. Waller. Superiour ex- 
cellence. Glanville. Gain; profit. Job. Some- 
thing more than the mere lawful gain. Shak. Pre- 
ponderation by comparison. Tillotson. 

To ADVANTAGE, ad-van'-tadje. v. a. To bene- 
fit. Shakspeare. To promote. Brown. 

ADVANTAGEABLE, ad-van'-tadje-a-bl. a. Profit- 
able. Sir J. Hay ward. 

ADVANTAGED, fld-vanMa-jeU 362. a. Possessed 
of advantages. Glanville. 

ADVANTAGE-GROUND, ad-van'-tadie-gr6und. 
n. s. Ground that gives superiority. Clarendon. 

ADVANTAGEOUS, ad-van-ta'-jfts. a. [avanta- 
geux, Fr.] Profitable; useful. Hammond. 

ADVANTAGEOUSLY, ad-van-ta'-jus-le. ad. Con- 
veniently; profitably. Arbuthnot. 

ADVANTAGEOUSNESS, ad-van-ta'-jus-nes. n. s. 
Profitableness; usefulness. Boyle. 

To ADVENE§, ad-vene'. r. n. [advenio, Lat/j To 
accede to something; to be superadded. Ayltffe. 

ADVENEENT, ad-ve'-ne-ent. a. Superadded. 
Brown. 

ADVENT, ad'-vent. n. s. [adventus, Lat.] One of 
the holy seasons, signifying the coming of our Sa- 
viour ; made the subject of devotion during the four 
weeks before Christmas. Common Prayer. 

ADVENTINE, ad-veV-thi. 140. a. [advenio, adven- 
tum. LatJ Adventitious. Bacon. 

ADVENTPTIOUS, ad-v^n-tlsh'-us. a. Accidental; 
supervenient; not essentially inherent. Bacon. 

ADVENTFTIOUSLY* ad-ven-tlsh'-fts-le. ad. Ac- 
cidentally. 

ADVENTIVE, ad-veV-tiv. 157. n. s. The thing or 
person that conies from without. Bacon. Ob. J. 

ADVENTD/E^ad-ven'-tiv. 157. a. Adventitious. 
Bacon. [Jonson. 

ADVENTRY*, ad-veV-tre. n. s. An enterprise. B. 

ADVENTUAL, ad-ven'-tshu-al. 461. a. Relating 
to the season of advent. Bp. Sanderson. 

ADVENTURE §, ad-veV-tshure. 461. n.s. [Fr.] 
An accident ; a chance ; a hazard. Haijward. The 
occasion of casual events; an enterprise in which 
something must be left to hazard. Dryden. 

To ADVENTURE, ad-veV-tshure. v. n. To try 
the chance ; to dare. Shakspeare. 

To ADVENTURE, ad-veV-tshure. v. a. To put 
into the power of chance. Judges, ix. 

ADVENTURER, ad-ven'-tshur-ur. 98. n. s. He that 
seeks occasions of hazard. Spenser. 

ADVENTURESOME, ad-ven'-tshur-sfim. a. The 
same with adventurous. Scarcely used in writing-. 

ADVENTURESOMENESS, ad-veV-tshur-sum- 
n£s. 461. n. s. The quality of being adventure- 
some. Diet. 



ADVENTUROUS, ad-ven'-tshur-fis. a. He that is 
inclined to adventures; bold. Dryden. Danger- 
ous. Addison. 

ADVENTUROUSLY, ad-ven'-tshur-fts-le. ad 
Boldly; daringly. Shakspeare. 

ADVENTUROUSNESS*, ad-veV-tshur-us-nes, 
n. s. The act of being adventurous. 

A'pVERBMd'-vgrb.n.s. {adverbium, Lat.] A word 
joined to a verb or adjective, and solely applied to 
the use of qualifying and restraining the latitude ol 
their signification. Clarke. 

ADVE'RBIAL, ad-vey-be-al. a. Having the qual 
uy or structure of an adverb. Harris. Making use 
of adverbs. Taller. 

ADVERBIALLY, ad-ver'-be-al-le. ad. Like an 
adverb. Addison. 

ADVE'RSABLE, ad-veV-sa-bl. 405. a. Contrary to; 
opposite to. Diet. 

AD VERSA' RIA, ad-ver-sa'-re-a. n. s. [Lat.] A 
common-place; a book to note in. Bp. Bull. 

ADVERSARY, ad'-ver-sa-re. 512. n. s. [adversa 
rius, Lat.] An opponent ; enemy. Shakspeare. 

ADVERSARY*, ad'-ver-sa-re. a. Opposite to ; ad 
verse ; hostile. Bp. King. 

ADVE'RSATDTE, ad-ver'-sa-tfv. 512. a. In gram- 
mar, applied to a word which makes some opposi- 
tion or variety. Warthington. 

ADVE'RSE^, ad'-verse. a. [adversus, Lat.} Acting 
with contrary directions. Shak. Calamitous ; ai' 
flictive. Milton. Personally opponent. Sidney. 

To ADVE'RSE*, ad-veW. v.a. To oppose. Gower. 

ADVE'RSENESS*, ad-verse'-nes. n.s. Opposition. 
Bp. Morton. 

ADVE'RSITY, ad-veV-se-te. 511. n. s. Affliction; 
calamitv. Shakspeare. Misery. Hooker. 

ADVERSELY, ad'-verse-le. ad. Oppositely ; voir 
fortunatelv. Shakspeare. 

To ADVENTS, ad-vert', v.n. [adverio, Lat.] To 
attend to ; to regard. Ray. 

To ADVE'RT*, ad-vert', v. a. To regard ; to ad 
vise. More. 

ADVE'RTENCE, ad-veV-t&ise. ) n.s. Attention to 

ADVE'RTENCY, ad-ver'-ten-se. ( Decay of Piety 

ADVE'RTENT, ad-veV-tent. a. Attentive; heed 
fill. Hale. 

^ADVERTFSE^ad-ver-tize'. v.a. [advertir, Fr.] 
To inform ; to give intelligence. Shak. To give 
notice by means of an advertisement in the publick 
prints. Dryden. 

ADVERTISEMENT, ad-veV-t?z-meDt. 1„ . T „ 

ADVERTISEMENT, ad-ver-tlze'-mlnt. ] n ' * m ~ 
struction; admonition. Shak. Intelligence; infor- 
mation. Sir Jolin Davies. Notice of any thing 
published in a paper; legal notification. Const 
and Canon Eccl. 

5^= As nouns ending in merit always follow the accentna- 
tion of the verbs from which they are formed, we fre- 
quently hear advertisement taxed with the grossest ir- 
regularity for having the accent on a different syllable 
from advertise. — The origin of this irregularity seems 
to have arisen from a change which has taken place in 
the pronunciation of the verb since the noun has bro?i 
formed; advertise and chastise were, in Shakspeare'sr 
time, both accented on the penultimate, and therefore 
advertisement and chastisement were formed regaktrly 
from them. 

" Wherein he did the Kine his lord advertise." 

Hen. Fill. 
" My grief cries louder than advertisement." 

Much Ado, 4" c - 
" Oh, then how quickly should this arm of mine, 
" Now pris'ner to the palsy, chastise thee." 

Richard II. 
"And chastisement doth therefore hide its head." 

Jul. Casar. 
But since that time, the verbs advertise and chastise have 
fallen into an analogy more agreeable to verbs of the 
same form ; for the verbs to promise, practise, franchise, 
mortise, and divertise, are the only words where the ter- 
mination ise has not the accent either primary or se- 
condary ; and if an alteration must be made to reconcile 
the pronunciation of the simple with that of the com- 
pound, we should find it much easier to change adver- 
tisement and chastisement into advertisement and chas- 
G9 



ADU 



AE 



[TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pbe, pm;- 



ttsemcnt, than advertise and chastise into advirtise and 
chastise ; but the irregularity seems too inveterate to 
admit of any alteration. JF. 

ADVERTISER, ad-vSr-tl'-zfir. 93. n.s. He that 
gives intelligence. Tatler. A paper publishing ad- 
vertisements. Burke. 

ADVERTISING, or ADVERTI SING, ad-ver-tl '- 
zhig.part.a. Active in getting intelligence. Shak- 
speare. Ob. J 

To ADVE SPERATE, ad-ves'-pe-rate. 91. v. n. 
[advespero, Lat.] To draw towards evening. Diet. 

ADVFCE, ad-vise'. 499. n. s. [avis.advis, Fr.] Coun- 
sel ; instruction. Sliak. Reflection ; prudent con- 
sideration. Shak. Consultation ; deliberation. Ba- 
con. Intelligence : this sense is chiefly commer- 
cial. 

ADVFCE-BOAT, ad-vlse'-bote. n. s. A vessel em- 
ployed to bring intelligence. 

To ADVFGILATE*, ad-vid'-jll-ate. v. a. [advigilo, 
Lat.] To watch diligently. Diet. 

ADVFSABLE, ad-vl'-za-bl. 405. a. Prudent; fit 
to be advised. South. Open to advice. Fell. 

ADVFSABLENESS, ad-vl'-za-bl-nes. n.s. The 
quality of being advisable. 

To AD VI'SE§, ad-vlze'. 437. v. a. To counsel. 
Shak. To give information. Shakspeare. 

ToADVPSE, ad-vlze'. 499. v. n. To consult; to 
consider ; to deliberate. Milton. 

ADVI'SED, ad-vl'-zgd. 362. part. a. Acting with 
deliberation. Bacon. Performed with deliberation. 
Hooker. 

ADVI'SEDLY, ad-vl'-zed-le. 364. ad. Soberly; 
heedfullv. Ascham. 

ADVFSEDNESS, ad-vl'-zed-nSs. 365. n.s. Delib- 
eration. Sanderson. 

ADVI'SEMENT, ad-vlze'-ment. n.s. Counsel; in- 
formation. Spenser. Prudence ; circumspection. 
1 Chron. Antiquated. 

ADVFSER, ad-vl'-zfir. 98. n.s. The person that 
advises. Waller. 

ADVI'SING*, ad-vl'-zlng. n. s. Counsel ; advice. 
Shakspeare. 

ADVI'SO*, ad-vl'-z6. n. s. [adviso, low Lat. aviso, 
Ital.l Advice; consideration. Wliitlock. 

ADULATION, ad-ju-la'-shun. 294. n. s. [adulatio, 
LaL] Flattery, high compliment. Shakspeare. 

ADULATOR, ad-ju-la'-tfir. 521. n. s. A flatterer. 

A'DULATORY, 'ad'-ju-la-tor-re. 512. [See Do- 
mestics.] a: Flattering; full of compliments. Ld. 
Cliesterfeia. 

ADULA'TRESS*, ad-ju-la'-tres. n. s. She that flat- 
tcrelh. Huloet. 

ADULT §, a-d&lt'. a. [adultus, Lat.] Grownup. 
Decay of Piety. 

ADULT, a-dfilt'. n. s. A person grown, or full 
grown. Sharp. [Howell. 

A'DULTED,ad'-ul-teU part. a. Completely grown. 

ADULTNESS, a-dult'-ngs. n. s. The state of be- 
ing adult. 

To ADULTER, a-d5l'-tur. 98, 556. v. n. [adultero, 
Lat.] To commit adultery. B. Jonson. To stain ; 
to pollute. Marston. A word not classical. 

ADULTERANT, a-dal'-t&r-ant. n. s. That which 

adulterates. 
To ADULTERATE, a-dul'-tfir-ate. v. n. To com- 
mit adultery. Shakspeare. 
To ADULTERATE, a-dul'-tur-ate. 91. v. a. To 
corrupt by some foreign admixture ; to contaminate. 
Boyle. To change by admixture, without injuring 
or corrupting. Peacham. 

ADU'LTERATE, a-d&l'-tnr-ate. 91. a. Tainted 
with the guilt of adultery. Sliak. Corrupted with 
some foreign mixture. Swift. 
ADULTERATELY*, a-d&l'-tur-ate-le. ad. In an 

adulterate manner. 
ADULTER ATENESS, a-dul'-tfir-ate-nes. 91,98, 

559. n. s. The quality of being adulterate. 
ADULTERATION, a-d&l'-t&r-a'-shan. n.s. The 
act of adulterating. Bacon. The state of being 
adulterated. Felton. 
ADULTERER, a-dnl'-tfir-ur. 98. n. s. The per- 
son fiiiilty of adultery. Dryden. 



ADULTERESS, a-d&l'-tfir-es. n. s. A woman that 
commits adultery. Government of the Tongue. 

ADULTERINE, a-dfil'-lar-ine. 149. n. s. A chile' 
born of an adulteress : a term of canon-law. 

ADULTERINE*, a-dfil'-tfir-ine. a. Spurious. Bp 
Hall. l 

To ADULTERIZE*, a-d&lM&r-lze. v. a. To com 
mit adultery. Milton. 

ADULTEROUS, a-dul'-tfir-fis. 314. a. Guilty of 
adultery. Shak. Spurious; corrupt. Mer.Casaubon. 

ADULTEROUSLY*, a-dul'-tflr-us-le. ad. In an 
adulterous manner. Bp. Taylor. 

ADULTERY §, a-dul'-tur-e."556. n. s. Violation of 
the bed of a married person. Dryden. Adultera- 
tion; corruption. Ben Jonson. 

ADUMBRANT, ad-fim'-brant. a. That which gives 
a slight resemblance. 

To ADU'MBRATE §, ad-fim'-brate. 91. v. a. [adum- 
bro, Lat.] To shadow out; to give a slight like- 
ness. Decay of Piety. 

ADUMBRATION, ad-flm-bra'-shun. n. s. A slight 
and imperfect representation. Bacon. A faint 
sketch. Glanville. In heraldr}-, the shadow only 
of any figure outlined and painted of a colour dark- 
er than the field. 

ADUNA'TION, iU-u-na'-shun. n. s. [adunare, Lat.] 
The state of being united; union. Abp. Cranmer. 

ADU'NCITY, a-dun'-se-te. 511. n. s. Crookedness. 
Arbut.hnot. ' 

ADU'NQUE,a-dank'.415.a. [aduncus, Lat.] Crook- 
ed; bending inwards; hooked. Bacon. 

A'DVOCACY, ad'-v6-ka-se. 546. n. s. The act of 
pleading. Brown. Judicial pleading; law-suit. 
CJitiucer. 

To A'DVOCATE§*, ad'-v6-kate. v. a. [advoco, Lat.] 
To plead; to support; to defend. Milton. 

To ADVOCATE*, ad'-v6-kate. v. n. To perform 
the office of an advocate. Dawbeny. 1659. 

A'DVOCATE, ad'-v6-kate. n. s. He that pleads 
the cause of another. Ayl. Par. He that pleads 
as a controvertist or vindicator. Shak. In the 
scriptural and sacred sense, it stands for one of the 
offices of our Redeemer. Milton. Formerly, the 
patron of a church. Cowel. 

ADVOCATESHIP* ad'-v6-kate-shfp. n.s. The 
duty or place of an advocate. B. Jonson. The 
assistance or support of a great person in a suit. 
Hallywell. 

A'DVOCATESS* : ad'-v6-ka-tes. n. s. A female 
advocate. Bp. Tiylor. 

ADVOCATION, ad-v6-ka'-shun. n. s. The office 
or act of pleading. Shak. Like advocate, this word 
has also a scriptural and sacred sense. Bp. Taylor 

ADVOLA'TION, ad-vo-la'-shfin. n.s. [advolo, Lat.] 
The act of flying to something. Diet. 

ADVOLU'TION, ad-v6-liV-shun. n. s. [advolutio, 
Lat.] The act of rolling to something. 

ADVO'UTRER*,ad-vdu'-trer. 7i.s. [advoultrer, Fr.] 
An adulterer. Bale. [Bacon 

ADVO'UTRESS*, ad-v6u'-tr£s. n. s. An adulteress 

AD VO'UTROUS*. ad-v6u'-tras. a. Adulterous. Bole. 

ADVO'UTRY, ad'-vdu'-tre. 313. n.s. Adultery 
Bacon. 

ADVOWE', or ADVOWEE', ad-v6u-ee'. n. s. He 
that has Ihe right of advowson. 

ADVO'WSON, or ADVO'WZEN,ad-v6u'-zan. 170. 
n. s. A right to present to a benefice. Coicel. 

To ADU'RE, a-diW. v. n. [aduro, Lat.] To burn 
up. Bacon. Ob. J. 

ADU'ST§, a-dfist'. a. [adustus, Lat.] Burnt up j 
scorched. Milton. It is generally applied to the 
complexion and humours of the body. Quincy. 

ADU'STED, a-dttst'-ed. a. Burnt ; "scorched. Mil- 
ton. Hot, as the complexion. Howell. 

ADU'STIBLE, a-dfis'-te-bl. 179. a. What may be 
burnt up. Diet. 

ADU'STION, a-dus'-tshfin. 464. s. The act of burn- 
ing up, or drying. Burton. 

ADZ. n. s. See Addice. 

AE, or JE. A diphthong in the Latin language, 
which seems not properly to have any place in the 
English. 

70 



AFF 



AFF 



— n6, move, n6r, licit; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — p6o.id; — tfun, this. 



ypu<pu), Gr.] The description of the air. 
AEROLOG^ 



[atjp and 



iE'GILOPS, e'-je-lops. n. s. [uiyiAw^, Gr.j A tu- 
mour or swelling in the great corner of the eye ; 
also a plant so called. Quincy. 

^bi'GIS*. e'-jk ». s. [cegis, Lat.] A shield. 

jE'GLOGUE*, eg'-log. a. .?. A pastoral ; a dialogue 
in verse between goal-herds. Pre/, to Spenser's 
Pastorals. 

sEGYPTIACUM, e-jfp-tl'-a-kSm. 460. n. s. An 
ointment of honey, verdigrise, and vinegar. 
Quincy. 

/EL, or EAL, or AL, in compound names, signifies 
all, or altogether. So yElwin is a complete couquer- 
our : Albert, all illustrious. Gibsoji's Camden. 

JELF implies assistance. So JElfvcin is victorious, 
and JELfwold, an auxiliary govemour. Gibson. 

4jJNI'GMAJ, ns - ^ ee Enigma, and its derimtives. 

^EOLIPILE, a. s. i See Eolipile. 

AE'RIAL, a-e'-re-al. a. [aerius, Lat.] Belonging to 
the air. Milton. Produced by the air. Dryden. 
Inhabiting the air. Milton. Placed in the air. 
Pope. High ; elevated in situation. Philips. 

AE'RIE, e -re. n. s. [airie, Fr. Sometimes written 
diary or e;//T«?.l Ayoung brood or nest of hawks. Shak. 

A'ERIFORM*, h> Qr-e-fdrm. a. [ar,f>, Gr. and for- 
ma. Lat.] That which resembles air. Adams. 

AERO GRAPH Y* a-fir-og'-gra-fe. n. s. [af,p and 

JY, a-ur-&l / -l6-je. 556. n. s. 

\byos, Gr.l The doctrine of the air. 
AEROMA'NCY, a'-or-6-man-se. 519. n. s. [af,p 

and fiavrda, Gr.] The art of divining by the air. 

Cotgrave. 
AERO'METER*, a-ur-om'-me-Mr. n. s. A ma- 
chine for weighing the air. 
AERO'METRY, S-ur-om'-me-tre. 518. n. s. The 

art of measuring the air. Diet. 
AERONA'UT*, a'-ur-6-nawt. n. s. [afip and vav- 

rrjs, Gr.] He who has sailed through the air in aj 

balloon. Burke. 
AERO'SCOPY, a-ar-6s'-k6-pe. 518. n.s. [ar)o and) 

wfTTTw, Gr.] The observation of the air. Diet. \ 
AEROSTATION*, a-ur-os-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [de-\ 

rostation, Fr. af\p and 'lora/iai, or arariKv, Gr.] The j 

science of weighing air. Adams. 
iETHIOPS-MINERAL, e'-i/ie-ups-mm'-ur-ral. n. s. \ 

Quicksilver and sulphur, ground together to a| 

black powder. Quincy. 
JETl'ThS, e-tl'-tez. n. s. [aeros, an eagle.] Eagle- 
stone. (Quincy. i 
AFA'R, iVfar'. ad. [apeoyijiian, apejip.an, Sax.] 

At a great distance. Slvak. To or from a great 

distance. Dryden. From afar ; from a distant 

place. Addison. Afar off ; remotely distant. Sir 

John H yward. 
AFE'ARD, a-ferd'. part. a. Frighted; terrified; 

afraid. Spenser. Ob. J. [Milton. 

A PER, a'-fur. 98. n. s. [Lat.] The southwest wind. 
AFFABI'LITY, af-fa-bil'-le-te. n. s. The quality 

of being affable. Sliakspeare. 
A'FFABLES, af-fa-bl. 405. a. [affabilis, Lat.] Easy 

of manners; courteous. Bacon. Benign; mild; 

favourable. Tatler. 
A'FFABLENESS, af'-fa-bl-nes. n. s. Courtesy; 

affability. 
AFFABLY, aP -fa-ble. ad. In an affable manner. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
AFFABROUS, af'-fa-brus.- a. [offohre, Fr.] Skil- 
ful 1 v made. Diet. 
AFF ABU LA'TION, af-f ab-u-la'-slmn. n.s. [affabu- 

lalio, Lat.] The moral of a fable. Diet. 
AFFA'IR, af-fare'. n. s. [affaire, Fr.] Business; 

something to be transacted. Pope. In military 

language, a partial engagement. 
To AFFA/MlSHc)*, af-fam'-ish. v. a. [affamer, Fr.] 

To starve. Spenser. 
AFFA'MISHMENT*, af-fam'-lsh-ment. n.s. Starv- 



[apaep.an, Sax. 



AFFECT, af-fekP. n.s. Affection; passion; sensa 
tion. Bacon. Quality; circumstance. Wiseman. 
The antiquated word for affection. 

To AFFECT c>, af-fekP. v. a. [officio, affectum, Lat.] 
To act upon; to produce effects in any other thing. 
Milton. To move the passions. Addison. To aim 
at. Dryden. To tend to. Newton. To be fond of. 
Hooker. To make a show of something. Prior 
To imitate in an unnatural manner. B. Jonson 
To convict of some crime. Ayliff'e. 

AFFECTATED*, af-fek'-ta-t£d. a. Far-fetched 
Barret. Old word for affected. 

AFFECTATION, af-fek-ta'-sh&n. n.s. Fondness; 
high degree of liking. Hooker. An artificial show. 
Spectator. Affection or liking simply. Bp. Hall. 
The act of desiring or aiming at. Pearson. 

AFFECTED, af-fel'-ted. part. a. Moved; touch- 
ed with affection. Sliak. Studied with over-much 
care. Sliakspeare. Full of affectation. 

AFFECTEDLY, af-fek'-t£d-le. ad. In an affected 
manner ; hypocritically. Brown. Studiously 5 
with laboured intention. Decay of Piety. 

AFFECTEDNESS, af-fek'-ted-nes. «. s. The 
quality of being affected. 

AFFECTER*. n. s. See Affector. 

AFFECTINGLY*, af-fek'-t?ng-le. ad. In an af 
fecting manner. 

AFFECTION §, af-fek'-shfin. n.s. The state of be- 
ing affected ; used in the sense of sympathy. Shak. 
Passion of any kind. Spenser. Love; kindness. 
Shak. Good-will to any object. Bacon. State 
of the mind in general. Shak. Quality ; proper- 
ty. Boyle. State of the body. Wiseman. Lively 
representation in painting. Wotton. Sliakspeare. 

AFFECTIONATE, af-fek'-shun-ate. a. Warm ; 
zealous. Sprat. Strongly inclined to. Bacon. 
Fond ; tender. Sidney. Benevolent; tender 
Rogers. 

AFFECTIONATELY, af-fek'-shun-^te-le. 91. ad 
In an affectionate manner. 1 Thes. ii. 

AFFE CTIONATENESS, af-felc'-shfin-ate-n&>. 
n. s. Fondness ; tenderness. 

AFFECTIONED, af-feV-sh&nd. 359. a. Affected ; 
conceited ; now obsolete in this sense. SJutk. In- 
clined ; mentally disposed. Rom. xii. 

AFFECTIOUSLY, af-fek'-shfis-le. ad. In an af- 
fecting manner. Diet. 

AFFECTIVE, af-f&c'-tlv. a. That which affects. 
Burnet. 

AFFECTIVELY*, af-fek'-dv-le. ad. In an impres- 
sive manner. 

AFFECTOR*, or AFFECTER*, af-fek'-tar. n. s. 
One that is guilty of affectation. Cotgrave. 

AFFECTU'OSITY, af-f ek-tshu-&s'-se-te. n.s. [affec- 
tuositas, low Lat.] Passionateness. 

AFFECTUOUS, af-felP-tshii-fis. 464. a. Full of 

passion. Leland. 
To AFFE'RE, af-fere'. v. a. [offer, Fr.] In law, 
to confirm. Huloet. See To Akfear. 

AFFE'RORS, af-fe'-r&rz. n. s. [from affere.] Per- 
sons appointed to mulct such as have committed 
faults arbitrarily punishable. Cowel. 
AFFETUOSO*, af-fef-66-6'-s6. a. [Ital.] In 

musick. what is to be sung or played tenderly. 
AFFI'ANCE $, af-fP-anse. n. s. [affiance, Fr.] A 
marriage-contract. Spenser. Trust in general. 
Trust in the divine promises. Ham 



ing. Bp. Hall. 

\> AFFE'AR*, af-fere' 



To AFFE'AR*, af-fere'. 227 

lerrere.~\ To frighten. Spenser 
To AFFEVAR, or rather to AFFE'ER, af-fere'. v.n 

[affier, Fr.] To confirm; to give a sanction to 

Sliakspeare. An old term of law. 



To AFFI'ANCE, af-fl'-anse. v. a. To betroth. Spen 

ser. To giye confidence. Pope. 
AFFI'ANCER, af-f l'-an-s&r. n. s. He that makes a 

contract of marriage. Diet. 
AFFIDA'TION, af-fe-da'-sh&n. )n. s. [affido, 
AFFIDA'TURE, af-fe-da'-tshure. J L?.«.] Mutual 

contract. Diet. 
AFFIDAVIT, af-fe-da'-vh. n. s. [affidaiit. low Lat.] 

A declaration upon oath. Donne. 
AFFI'ED,af-fl'-fcl. 362. part. a. Joined by contract; 

affianced. Sliakspeare. 
To AFFl'LE*, af-f lie', v. a. [affiler, Fr.] To polish. 

Cliaucer. 
AFFILIATION, af-fil-le-a'-shon. n.s. [ad andjilius, 
71 



AFF 



AFO 



Q3" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mSt;— pine, pln;- 



Lat.] Adoption; the act of taking a son. Cot- 
grave. 

A'FFINAGE, af-f e-naje. 90. n. s. {affnage, Fr.] Re- 
fining metals by the coppel. Diet. 

AFFILED, af-fi'-neU 362. a. [ajjinis, Lat.] Joined 
by affinity. Shakspeare. 

AFFFN1TY, af-fln'-ne-te. 511. n.s. Relation by 
marriage : opposed to consanguinity, or relation by 
birth. Sidney. Relation to ; connexion with. Camd. 

To AFFFRM$, af term'. 108. v. n. [ajirmo, Lat.] To 
declare. Shakspeare. 

To AFFFRM, af-feW. v. a. To declare positively. 
Acts, xxv. To ratify or approve. Bacon. 

AFFFRMABLE, af-ieV-ma-bl. a. What may be af- 
firmed. Hale. 

AFFFRMABLY* af-feV-ma-ble. ad. In a way ca- 
pable of affirmation. 

AFFIRMANCE, af-feV-manse. n. s. Confirmation. 
Bacon. Declaration. Selden. 

AFFFRMANT, af-feV-mant. n. s. A declarer. Diet. 

AFFIRMATION, af-fer-ma'-shun. n. s. The act 
of affirming or declaring. Sfiak. The position af- 
firmed. Hammond. Confirmation. Hooker. 

AFFFRMATIVE, af-feV-ma-tlv. 158. a. That which 
affirms. Hooker. That which can or may be af- 
firmed. Newton. Positive; dogmatical. Taylor. 

AFFFRMATP7E*, af-feV-ma-tk. n. s. What con- 
tains an affirmation. StiUingfleet. 

AFFIRMATIVELY, af-feV-ma-tlv-le. ad. In an 
affirmative manner. Brown. 

AFFFRMER, af-fSr'-mur. 98. n. s. The person that 
affirms. Bp. Bramhall. 

To AFFFX §, af-fiks'. v. a. [affigo, affixum, Lat.] 
To unite to the end. Locke. To connect conse- 
quentially. Hammond. Simply, to fasten or fix. 
Spenser. 

AFFFX, af -fiks. 492. n. s. Something united to the 
end of a word. Clarke. A term of grammar. 

AFFFXION, af-fik'-shun. n. s. The act of affixing. 
The state of being 1 affixed. Bp. Hall. 

AFFLA'TION, af-fla'-shun. n. s. [afflo, afflaium, Lat.] 
The act of breathing upon any thing. Diet. 



[Lat.] Communi- 



prophecy. Whitby. 
'. v. a. [afflicto, Lat/ 
ooker. To break ; 



] To put 
to over- 

The 



AFFLA' T US, af-fla r -tus. n 
cation of the power of 

ToAFFLFCTVif-flikt 
to pain; to grieve. Hooker, 
throw : [affligo, Lat.] Milton. 

AFFLFCTEDNESS, af-ffiV-ted-nes. n. s. 
state of affliction. 

AFFLFCTER, af-flik'-tur. 98. n. s. The person that 
afflicts ; a tormenter. Huloet. 

AFFLFCTINGLY*, af-fllk'-tlng-le. ad. In an af- 
flicting manner. 

AFFLFCTION,af-fllk'-shun.n.s. Calamity. Hook- 
er. The state of sorrowfulness. Shakspeare. 

AFFLFCTD7E, af-fllk'-rfv. 158. a. Causing afflic- 
tion; painful ; tormenting. Bp. Hall. 

AFFLFCTIVELY* af-ffik'-tiv-le. ad. Painfully. 
Brown. 

A'FFLUENCE, af-flu-ense. n. s. The act of flow- 
ing to any place. Wotton. Exuberance of riches. 
Rogers. 

A'FFLUENCY, af-flu-en-se. 
affluence. 

AFFLUENT?, af -fluent, a. 
ing to any part. Harvey. 
Prior. 

AFFLUENTLY*, af-flu-ent-le ad. In an affluent 
manner. 

AFFLUENTNESS, af -flu-ent-nSs. m 



n. s. The same with 

[qffluens, Lat.] Flow- 
Abundant; wealthy. 



itv of beinsr affluent. Diet. 



The qual- 



A'FFLUX, af-flfiks. n. s. [affluxus, Lat.] The act 
of flowing to some place ; affluence. Graunt. 

AFFLU'XION, af-fluk'-shfin. n.s. The act of flow- 
ing to a particular place, or from one place to an- 
other. Orowne. 

To AFFO'RDf, af-f&rd'. v. a. [aforer, Fr.] To 



yield or produce. To grant, or confer any "thing. 
S}K7tser To be able to sell. Addison. To be able 
to bear expenses. Swi/i. 



ToAFFO'RESTiaf-f&r'-rest. 109,168.w.a. [affores- 
tare, Lat.] To turn ground into forest. Sir J. Davies. 



AFFORESTATION, af-for-res-ta'-shun. ». *. 

Ground turned into forest. Hale. 
To AFFRANCHISE^ af-fran'-tshk. 140. v. a. [af- 

franchir, Fr.] To make free. 
AFFRA'NCHISEMENT*,af-fraV-tshIz-ment. n. s. 

The act of making free. 
To AFFRA'V§*,kftrap'.v.n. [afrapvare,lla\.] To 

strike ; to make a blow. Spenser. Oh. T. 
To AFFRAP*, af-frap'. v. a. To strike down 

Spenser. 
roAFFRAYS/dfrfra'.u.a. [ejfrayer, Fr.] To fright, 

to terrify. Fairy Qu. To put one in doubt. Huloet. 
AFFRA'Y, af-fra'. ) n. s. A tumultuous 

AFFRA'YMENT, af-fra'-ment. J assault. Tumult ; 

confusion. Spenser. 
AFFRE'T*, af-freV. n. 5. [fretta, Ital. speed.] Fu- 
rious onset; immediate attack. Spenser. 
AFFRFCTION, af-frlk'-shun. n. s. [affrictio, Lat.] 

The act of rubbing one thing upon another. Boyle. 
AFFRFENDED*, af-frend'-ed. pan. a. Reconciled ; 

made friends. Spenser. 
To AFFRFGHT$, af-frke'. v.a. [apyphtan, apop- 

fctan, Sax.] To affect with fear; to terrify. Shak. 
AFFRFGHT, af-frite'. 393. n.s. Tcrrour; fear. 

Dry den. The cause of fear. B. Jonson. 
AFFRFGHTEDLY#,af-frlle'-ed-le. ad. Under the 

impression of fear. 
AFFRFGHTER*, af-frlte'-ur. n. s. He who fright 

ens. Shelton. 
AFFRFGHTFUL, af-frlte'-ful. a. Terrible ; dread 

fill. Hall. 
AFFRFGHTMENT, af-frlte'-ment. n. s. Fear; ter- 

rour. Wotton. Fearfulness. Ban-ow. 
To AFFRO'NT^, af-frfint'. 1G5. v.a. [affronter, Fr.] 

To meet face to face. Shak. To meet in a hostile 

manner, front to front. Milton. To offer an open 

insult. Fairfax. 
AFFRO'NT, af-frunf. n. s. Insult offered to the 

face. Bacon. Outrage ; act of contempt. Milton. 

Open opposition; encounter. Milton. Disgrace; 

shame. Arbuthnot. 
AFFRO'NTER, af-frun'-tflr. 98. n.s. [affronieur, 

old Fr.l The person that affronts. 
AFFRONTING, af-frfin'-tlng. part. a. Contumeli- 
ous. Watts. 
AFFROOTIVE*, af-frfin'-tlv. a. Causing affront. 

Ash. 
AFFRO'NTIVENESS* af-frun'-tiv-nes. n. s. The 

quality that gives affront. Ash. 
To AFFU'SE $, af-fiW. v. a. [affundo, affusum, Lat.] 

To pour one thing upon another. Boyle. 
AFFUSION, af-fiy-zhon. n. s. [affusio, Lat.] The 

act ofpouring upon. Grew. 
To AFFY'§, af-fk v. a. [affier, Fr.] To betroth in 

order to marriage. Shak. To bind; to join. Mon- 
tagu. 
To AFFY', af-fK v. n. To put confidence in. Titus 

Andronicus. B. Jonson. totherby. Ob. J. 
AFFELD, a-feeld'. 275. a. To the field. Milton. 

In the field. Old Ballads. See Field. 
AFFRE*,a-flre'. ad. On fire. Gower. 
AFLA'T, a-flak ad. Level with the ground. Bacon. 
AFLO'AT, a-flile'. 295. ad. Floating. Shakspeare. 
AFOO'T, a-fuk 307. ad. On foot. Shakspeare. In 

action. Shakspeare. In motion. Shakspeare. 
AFO'RE^, a-fore'. prep, [ae-popan, Sax/] Not be- 
hind; obs. Before; nearer in place. Sooner in 

time. Shak. Prior or superiour to. Athan. Creed. 

Under the notice of. B. Jonson. In the power of: 

noting- the right of choice. B. Jonson. 
AFO'RE, a-fore'. ad. In time foregone or post. Es- 

dras. First in the way, Shak. In front; in the 

fore-part. Spenser. Rather than. B. Jcnson. 
AFO REGOING, a-fore'-go-lng. part. a. Going be. 

fore. Lilly. 
AFO'REHAND, a-fiW-hand. ad. By a previous 

provision. Government of the Tongue. Provided; 

prepared. Bacon. 
AFOREMENTIONED, a-fore'-meV-shfind. 362. a. 

Mentioned before. Addison. 
AFO'REMAMED, a-fore'-na'-med. 362. a. Named 

before, Peaeham. 

72 



AFT 



AGA 



-116, mflve, udr, n&t ;— (Abe, tub, bfill ;— 6il ;— pfifind 5 — thin, Tuis. 



AFORESAID, ii-lore'-side. a. Said before. Bacon. 
AFORETIME, a-tore'-dme. ad. In time pas(. Su- 

sannah. 

AFRA'ID, a-frade'. part. a. [arypjifc^ apojiht, 
Sax.] Struck with fear. Psalm lxxxiii. 

AFRESH, a-fresh'. ad. [apepcean, Sax.] Anew. 
Knotlcs. See Fresh. 

A'FRICAN* af-fre-kan. a. Belonging- to Africa. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

A'FRICAN, af-fre-kan. n. s. A native of Africa. 
Shakspeare. A kind of marigold. 

A'FRIGK*, iif-itfk. a. Belonging to Africa. Milton. 

A'FRICK*,iif-fr?k. n. s. The country of Africa. 

Shakspeare. Beniley. 
4FRCVNT. a-fcfint'. 165. ad. In front. Sluxkspeare. 

AFT*, aft. ad. [apcan, Sax.] Abaft; cistern. A sea- 
term : ' fore and aft.' 

A'FTER$, af-tflr. 98. prep. Following in place. 
Shak. In pursuit of. 1 Sam.xx.iv. Behind. J\ewton. 
Posteriour in time.' Dryden. According to. Ba- 
con. In imitation of. Addison. 

AFTER, af-tur. ad. In succeeding time. Bacon. 
Following another. Sluxkspeare. 

A'FTER*. af-tur. n. s. Succeeding time. Young. 

ATTERACCEPTATION.aP-tur-ak-sep-ta'-shun. 
n. s. A sense not at first admitted. Dryden. 

ATTERACCO UNT* aP-tGr-ak-kounl'. n. s. Fu- 
ture reckoning. Killingbeck. 

A'FTERACT*, aP-tur-akt. n. s. An act subsequent 
to another. Lord Berkeley. 

A'FTERAGE* af-tflr-aje. n. s. Postern^. Milton. 

A'FTERAGES, af -tur-a'-jez. n. s. Successive times. 
Addison. 

AFTER ALL, aP-tur-alF. ad. When all has been 
taken into the view ; in fine 3 in conclusion ; upon 
the whole. Aiterbury. 

A'FTERAPPLICATION* af-tur^p-nle-ka'-shun. 
n. s. An application not made immediately. Cov- 
entry. 

A'FTER ATTACK* aP-t&r-at-tak'. a. s. An attack 
not made immediately. Warburton. 

A'FTERBAND*, aP-tur-band. n. s. A future band 
or chain. Milton. 

A'FTERBEARING* aP-tur-bare-mg. n. s. Usual 
or ordinary product. Sir T. Browne. 

AFTERBIRTH, aP-tur-bgrf/*. n.s. The membrane | 
in which the birth was involved} the secundine. 
Wiseman. 

A'FTERCLAP,af-tur-klap. n.s. Events happening 
after an affair is supposed to be at an end. Spenser. 

A'FTERCOMER*, aP-tOr-kum-mur. n. s. A suc- 
cessour. Turbervile. 

A'FTERCOMFORT*, af-ttir-kum-furt. n. s. Future 
comfort. B. Jonson. 

A'FTER-CO'NDUCT* af-t&r-k&n'-dukt. w. s. Sub- 
sequent behaviour. Sherlock. 

ATTERCONVICTION^af-tur-kon-vik'-shun.rc.s. 
Future conviction. South. 

A'FTERCOST, af-lfir-kost. n. s. The latter charges. 
Mortimer. 

A'FTERCOURSE*, aP-tur-k6rse. n. s. Future 
course. Brown. 

A'FTERCROP, aP-tftr-krop. n. s. The second crop, 
or harvest of the same year. Mortimer. 

A'FTERDAYS*, af-tur-daze. n. s. Future days. 
Confrere. 

A'FTERDINNER, aP-tur-chV-nur. n. s. The hour 
passing just after dinner. Shakspeare. 

A'FTEREATAGE*, af-tur-e-tidje. n. s. Part of 
the increase of the same year. Bum. 

A'FTERENDEAVOUR, aP-tur-en-dev'-ur. n. s. 
An endeavour made after the first effort. Locke. 

A'FTERENQUIRY, aP-tur-en-kvvl'-re. n.s. En- 
quiry made after the fact committed. Shakspeare. 
To A'FTEREYE, af-tur-1. v. a. To keep one in 
view. Slwtkspeare. Ob. J. 

A'FTERGAME, af-uV-game. n. s. Methods taken 
after (he first turn of affairs. Wotton. Addison. 

A'FTERHOPE*, af-t&r-hope. n.s. Future hope. 
B. Jonson. 

A'FTERHOURS, aP-t5r-8urz. n. s. The hours that 
succeed. Shakspeare. 
10 



A'FTERIGNORANCE*, aP-tfir-lg'-n6-rause. n. 5 

Subsequent ignorance. Stafford. 
A'FTERKINGS*, aP-lur-klngs. n. s. Succeeding 

kings. Shuckford. 
A FTERLIFE*, af'-t&r-llfe. n.s. The remainder of 

life. Dryden. A life after this. Butler. 
A'FTERLIVER, af-tur-uV-vfir. n. s. He that lives 

in succeeding times. Sidney. 
A'FTERLIVING* aP-t&r-llv-ing. n. s. Future 

days. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
A'FTERLOVE^f-tur-luv. n.s. The second or later 

love. Shal'speare. 
A'FTERMALICE* aP-tfir-mal-lls. n. s. Succeeding 

malice. Drtiden. 
AFTERMATH, aP-tfir-matfi. n. s. [after, and math, 

from mow.] The second crop of grass, mown in au- 
tumn. Holland. See Aftercrop. 
A'FTERMOST*, af-tur-most. a. Hindmost- 

Hawkesworth. 
AFTERNOON, aP-tur-n65n'. n. s. The time from 

the meridian to the evening. Sliakspeare. 
AFTERNOURISHMENT*,aP-tur-nur-r? S h-ment 

n. s. Future nourishment. Pericles. 
A'FTERPAINS, af -tur-pa.nz. n. s. The pains after 

birth, by which women are delivered of the secun- 
dine. 
A'FTERPART, aP-tur-part. n. s. The latter part 

AFTERPIECE*, aP-tur-peese. n. s. A farce, or 
any smaller entertainment, after the play. R. 
Cumberland. 

A'FTERPR,OOF, af -tfir-proof. n. s. Evidence pos 
teriour to the thing in question. Qualities known 
by subsequent experience. Wotton. 

A'FTERRECKONING^af-tur-rek'-k'n-mg. n. s. 
An account to be given hereafter. Goodman. 
Burke. 

A'FTERREPENTANCE*, af-tur-re-pent'-cinse 
n. s. Future repentance. South. 

A'FTERREPORT*, aP-tur-re-p6rt. n. s. Subse 
quent information or report. South. 

AFTERROTTENNESS*, af'-tur-rSt'-t'n-nes. n. s. 
Future rottenness. South. 

AFTERSTATE*, af-tur-state. n. s. The future 
state. Glanville. 

AFTERSTING*, af-lur-stlng. n. s. Subsequent 
sling. Ld. Hervey. 

AFTERSTORM*, af-t&r-sl6rm. n. s. Future storm 
Dryden. 

AFTERSUPPER*, af-tur-sfip-pfir. n. s. The time 
between supper and going to bed. Shakspeare. 

AFTERTASTE, af-tur-taste. n. s. Taste remain 
ing upon the tong-ue after the draught. 

AFTERTHOUGHT, af-tur-tfiawt! n. s. Reflec 
tions after the act. Dryden. 

AFTERTIME, aP-tur-tlme. n. s. Succeeding time 
Hill. 

AFTERTOSSING, af-tfir-tSs-ing. n. ?. The mo 
tion of the sea after a storm. Addison. 

AFTERWARD, af-tur-ward. 88. ad. In succeed- 
ing time 5 sometimes written afterwards, but less 
properly. Hooker. 

AFTERWISE*, aP-tur-wlze. a. Wise too late 
Addison.. 

AFTERWIT, aP-tur-wIt. n. s. Contrivance of expe- 
dients after the occasion of using them is past. 
L' Estrange. 

AFTERWITNESS* af-lur-w?t-nes. n. s. Future 
witness. Ld. Hervey. 

AFTERWRATH.af-uVratf;. n. s. Anger when 
the provocation seems past. Shakspeare. 

AFTERWRITERS*,af-tur-rl-(6rz. n. s. Succes- 
sive writers. Shuckford. 

AFTWARD* aft'-ward. See Aftermost. 

A'GA, a'-ga. n. s. The title of a Turkish military- 
officer in chief. 

AGAIN §, a-gSn 7 . 206. ad. [a^en, on-^ean, Sax.l A 
second time; once more. Bacon. On the other 
hand. Bacon. On another part. Dryden. In re- 
turn, noting re-action. Back ; in restitution. Shak. 
In return for any thing ; ii 1 recompense. Prov. xix. 
In order of rank or succession. Bacon. Besides 
73 



AGG 



AGI 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pm ;— 



in any other time or place. Bacon. Twice as 
much. Pope. Again and again; often. Locke. 
In opposition : by way of resistance. Rom. ix. 
Back ; as returning from some message. Dent. i. 
In answer. 1. Sam. 

55° We find this word written according to the general 
pronunciation in the Duke of Buckingham's verses to 
Mr. Pope : 
"I little thought of launching forth agen, 
" Amidst advent'rous rovers of the pen." W. 

AGA'INST, a-genst 7 . 206. prep. [sen£eon, on£eonb, 
Sax.] In opposition to any person. Gen. Contra- 
ry ; Hooker. In contradiction to any opinion. 
Tillotson. With contrary motion or tendency. 
Shak. Contrary to rule or law. Milton. Opposite 
to ; in place. Dryden. To the hurt of another. 
Sir J. Davies. In provision for ; in expectation of. 
Spenser. 

AGAIN WARD, a-gen'-ward. ad. Gower. Ob. T. 
For hithenvard. 

A'GALAXY, ag'-a-lak-se. 517. n. s. [a and yd\a, 
Gr.] Want of milk. Diet. 

AGATE, a-gape'. 75. ad. [a and gape.] Staring with 
eagerness. Milton. See Gape. 

A'GARICKjag'-a-rik.n.s. [agaricum, Lat.] A drug 
of use in physick, and the dyeing trade. It is male 
and female ; the male groAvs on oaks, the female 
on larches. Bacon. 

AGA'ST, a-gast 7 . a. Struck with terrour ; amazed. 
Milton. Usually, of late, aghast, which see. 

AGA'TE*, a-gate 7 . ad. [fromgait.] On the way ; ago- 
ing. Brewer. A provincialism. See Gait. 

A'GATE §, ag'-at. 91. n. 5. [agat, gemma, Goth.] A 
precious stone of the lowest class. Shakspeare. 

A'GATY, ag'-a-te. a. Of the nature of agate. Wood- 
ward. 

To AGA'ZE §, ag-aze'. v a. To strike with amaze- 
ment. Spenser. Ob. J. 

AGA'ZED, a-ga'-zed. part. a. Struck with amaze- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 

AGE, aje. n. s. Any period of time attributed to 
something as the whole, or part, of its duration. 
Sliak. A succession or generation of men. Sir J. 
Davies. The time in which any particular man, 
or men, lived. Pope. The space of a hundred 
years. The latter part of life; old-age. Sliak. 
Maturity ; ripeness. Hammond. In law : in a man, 
the age of fourteen years is the age of discretion , 
and twenty-one years is the full age : a woman at 
twenty-one is able to alienate her lands. Cowel. 

A'GED, a'-j£d. 363. a. Old ; stricken in years. 
Hooker. 

A'GEDLY, a'-jed-le. ad. After the manner of an 
aged person. Huloet. 

AGE'N, a-gen'. 206. ad. [aften, Sax.] Again ; in re- 
turn. Milton,. Dryden. See Again. 

AGENCY, a'-jen-se. n. s. The quality of acting. 
Woodward. The office of an agent or factor. 
Swift. 

AGEND* ad'-jend. ) n. s. [agendum, Lat.] 

A GE'ND UM*, ad-jen'-d&m. < Matter relating to 
the service of the church. Wxkocks. Bp. Barlov). 

AGENT §,a'-jent. a. [agens, Lat.] That which acts. 
Bacon. 

A'GENT, a'-jent. n. s. An actor. Hooker. A sub- 
stitute ; a deputy ; a factor. Shak. That which 
has the power of producing effects. Temple. 

AGENTSHIP, a'-jent-ship. n. s. The office of an 
agent. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

AGGELATION, ad-je-la'-sh&n. n. s. [gelu, Lat.] 

Concretion of ice. Brown. 
AGGENERATION, ad-jen-nur-a'-shun. n. s. [ad, 
and generatio, Lat.] The state of growing to an- 
other body. Brown. 
A'GGER*M'-fa-n. s. [Lat.] A fortress, or trench. 
Hearm. [Diet. 

To AGGERATE, ad'-jur-ate. v. a. To heap up. 
AGGERO'SE, ad-jur-6se'. a. [agger, Lat.] Full of 

heaps. Diet. 
7Y> AGGLOMERATES, ag-gl&m'-mur-ale. v. a. 
[agglomero, Lat.] Togatherup in aball, as thread. 
\To gather together. Young. 



To AGGLO'MERATE, ag-gldm'-mfir-ate. v.n.To 
grow into one mass. Thomson. 

AGGLOMERATION*, ag-gl&m-mur-a'-shun. r..s 
Heap. Warton. 

AGGLU'TFNANTS, ag-gl.V-te-nants. n. s. Medi- 
cines having the power of uniting parts together. 

AGGLUTINANT*, ag-glu'-te-nant. a. Uniting 
parts together. Gray. 

To AGGLUTINATES, ag-glu'-te-nate. v. a. [ad, 
and gluten, Lat. glue.] To unite one part to an 
other. Harvey. 

AGGLUTINATION, ag-glu'-te-na'-shfin. n. s 
Union; cohesion. Howell. 

AGGLUTINATIVE, ag-glu'-te-na-tJv. 512. a. 
Having the power of agglutination. Wiseman. 

To AGGRA'CE §*, ag-grase\ v. a. [aggratiare, Ital.] 
To favour. Spenser. 

AGGRA'CE*, ag-grase'. n. s. Kindness ; favour. 
Spenser. 

AGGRANDIZATION*, ag-gran-de-za'-shun. n.s. 
The act of aggrandizing. vVaterliowe. 

To AGGRANDFZE§,ag'-gran-dlze. 159. v. a. [ag- 
grandiser, Fr.] To make great ; to enlarge; to 
exalt. Aylijfe. To increase. Sir T. Herbert. 

To A'GGRANDIZE* ag'-gran-dlze. v. n. To be- 
come greater ; to increase. John Hall. 

AGGRANDIZEMENT, ag'-gran-dlze-ment. [See 
Academy.] n. s. The state of being aggrandized. 
Ld. Chesterfield. 

AGGRANDIZER, ag'-gran-dize-ur. «. s. He that 
aggrandizes. 

To AGGRATE, ag-grate'. v. a. [aggratare, Ital.l 
To please ; to treat with civilities. Spenser. Ob. J. 

AGGRAVABLE§* ag'-gra-va-bl. a. Making any 
thing worse ; aggravating. Dr. H. More. 

To AGGRAVATE §,ag/-gra-vate. 91. v. a. [aggra- 
vo, Lat.] To make heavy ; used only metaphori- 
cally. Milton. To make any thing worse. Bacon. 

AGGRAVATION, ag-gra-vk'-shun. n. s. The act 
of making heavy. Hakewill. Enlargement to 
enormity. Addison. Extrinsical circumstances 
which increase guilt or calamity. Hammond. 

AGGREGATE, ag'-gre-gate. 91. a. Framed by 
the collection of any particular parts into one mass. 
Brown. 

AGGREGATE, ag'-gre-gate. n. s. Result of the 
conjunction of many particulars. Glanvilk. 

To AGGREGATE §, ag'-gre-gate. v. a. [aggrego, 
Lat.] To collect together ; to accumulate. Milton. 

AGGREGATELY*, ag'-gre-gate-le. ad. Collec- 
tively. Ld. Chesterfield. 

AGGREGATION, ag-gre-ga'-shfin. n. s. Collec- 
tion. Brown. The act of collecting many into one 
whole. Woodward. An aggregate. Bp. Bull. 

AGGREGATP7E* ag'-gre-ga-dv. a. Taken to- 
gether. Spelman. 

AGGREGATOR*, ag'-gre-ga-tor. n. s. [Lat.] He 
who collects materials. Burton. 

To AGGRESS $,ag-greV. v.n. [aggredior,aggres 
sum, Lat.] To commit the first act of violence 
Prior. 

AGGRE'SS*, ag-greV. n. s. [aggressus, low Lat.] 
Aggression. Hale. 

AGGRESSION, ag-gresh'-fln. n.s. The first act of 
injury. L'Estrange. 

AGGRE'SSOR, ag-gres'-s&r. 98,418. n.s. The 
person that first commences hostility. Dryden. 

AGGRFEVANCE, ag-gre'-vanse. n. s. Injury. 
Constitutions and Can. Eccl. See Grievance. 

To AGGRFEVE $, ag-greve'. 275. v. a. [agrever, old 
Fr.] To give sorrow; to vex. Spenser. To impose 
hardships upon ; to harass. 

To AGGRFEVE*, ag-greve'. v. n. To mourn ; to 
lament. Mir. for Mag. 

To AGGROUT, ag-gro6p'. v. a. [aggropare, Ital.} 
To bring together into one figure. Dryden. A 
term of painting. 

AGHA'ST, a-gast'. a. Struck with horrour. Spen- 
ser. Milton. Dryden. 

A'GILE §, aj'-il. 140. a. [agilis, Lat.] Nimble ; ready. 
Shakspeare. 

A'GILENESS, aj'-fl-nes. n.s. Nimbleness ; agifity 
74 



AGO 










AGR 


— n6, move 


ndr 


n6t; 


-tube, tflb, bull ;— 6il ; 


— pdfind ; 


— thin, thjs. 



AGI'LITY, aju'-e-te. 511. n. s. Nimbleness; quick- 
ness. Watts. 

AGl'LLOCHUM, ft-jllMkkftiti. n. s. Aloes-wood. 
Quincy. 

A' GIO,'k' -je-6. n. s. [Italian.] A mercantile term, 
chiefly in Holland and Venice, for the difference 
between the value of bank notes, and the current 
money. Chambers. 

To AGFST^a-jfst'. v.a. [giste,Vr.] To take in and 
feed cattle at a certain rate. Blount. 

AGISTMENT, aj-k'-ment. n. s. The feeding of 
cattle in a common pasture, for a stipulated price. 
Bluckstcme. Tithe due for the profit made by agist- 
ing". An embankment ; earth heaped up. 

AGISTOR, a-j'fs'-tur. n. s. An officer of the king's 
forest. HoweU. 

A'GITABLE, aj'-e-ta-bl. a. That which may be 
agitated. 

ToA'GITATE$, aj'-e-tate. 91. v.a. [agito, Lat.] 
To put in motion. To be the cause of motion. 
Blackmore. To affect with perturbation. To stir; 
to discuss. Boyle. To contrive; to revolve. K. 
diaries. 

AGITATION, aj-e-ta'-shon. n. s. Moving or shak- 
ing any thing. Bacon. The state of being moved. 
Discussion ; controversial examination. L'Es- 
t range. Violent motion of the mind. Shak. Delib- 
eration; contrivance. Swift. 

AGITATOR, aj-e-ta'-tfir. 521. n. s. [agitateur, Fr.] 
He who regulates affairs of the army. Sir T. Her- 
bert. He who manages affairs. Burke. 

A'GLET, ag'-lgt. n. s. [aiguillette, Fr.] A tag of a 
point curved into the shape of little images. Hay- 
ward. The pendants at the ends of the chives of 
flowers, as in tulips. 

A'GMINAL,ag'-me-nal. a. [agmen,Lal.] Belonging 
to a troop. Did. 

A'GNAIL, ag'-nale. n. s. [agga and nagel, Sax.] A 
disease of the nails ; a whitlow. 

AGNATE$*,ag-nate'. a. [agnatm, Lat.] Allied to ; 
akin ; from the father. See Agnation. 

AGNATICK*, ag-nat'-ik. a. Relating to kindred 
by descent from the father. Blackstone. 

AGNATION, ag-na'-shfin. n. s. Descent from the 
same father in a direct male line. Alliance } con- 
nexion. Pownall. 

AGNITION, ag-nish'-un. «. s. [agnitio, Lat.] Ac- 
knowledgement. Pearson. 

To AGNIZE §,ag-nlze'. v. a. [agniser, Fr.] To ac- 
knowledge. SJiakspeare. Ob. X. 

To AGNOMINATED, ag-n&m'-me-nate. v. a. 
[agnomino, Lat.] To name. Locrine. 

AGNOMINATION, ag-nom-me-na'-sh&n. n. s. Al- 
lusion of one word to another, by sound. Camden. 

A'GNUS*, ag'-nus. n. s. [Lat.] In the Romish 
church, a little image, representing our Saviour in 
the figure of a lamb. Brevint. 

AGNUS CASTUS, ag'-nus-kas'-t&s. n.s. [Lat.] 
The name of the Chaste Tree, so called from an 
imaginary virtue of preserving chastity. Dry den. 

AGO', a-g<V. ad. [a£an, Sax.] Past ; as, long ago ; 
i. e. long time has past since. SJiakspeare. 

A'GOG, a-g&g'. ad. In a state of desire ; in a state 
of warm imagination ; heated with the notion of 
some enjoyment. South. 

AGO'ING, a-g6'-mg. 410. part. a. In action ; into 
action. Dryaen. 

A'GON*,k'-gbn. n.s. [Gr.] The contest for the 
prize. Abp. Sancroft. 

AGO'NE, a-g&n'. ad. [a£an, Sax.] Ago ; past. B. 
Jonson. 

A'GONISM$,ag'-6-n?zm. 548. n. s. [^yovia^, Gr.] 
Contention for a prize. Diet. 

A'GONIST, ag'-o-nist. n. s. A contender for prizes. 
Diet. 

AGONISTES, ag-6-nV-tez. n.s. A prize-fighter; 
one that contends at a publick solemnity for a prize. 
Milton. 

AGONFSTICAL, ag-o-n?s'-tlk-al. a. Relating to 
prize-fighting. Did. Bp. Bull. 

AGONrSTICALLY*, ag-o-nV-t?k-al-le. ad. In the 
agonistieal manner. 



AGONI'STICK*, ag-6-inV-dk. a. Ago».stical 

Hammond. 
To A'GONIZE, ag'-6-nlze. v. a. To afflict with 

agony. Feltham. 
To A'GONIZE^, iig'-o-nlze. v. n. To feel agonies ; 

to be in excessive pain. Pope. 
AGONIZINGLY*, ag-6-nl'-z'fng-le. ad. Inthemos* 

painfully feeling manner. 
AGONOTlIETE*, ag-6-n<W/iete'. n. s. [ayovoQtrn , 

Gr.] A judge of masteries in activity. Did. 
AGONOTHETICK, ag-6-n6-*/iet'-lk. a. Presiding 

at publick games. Did. 
A'GONY$,ag'-6-ne. 548. n. s. [<iyu>v, Gr.] The 

pangs of death. Sidney*. Any violent pain. Spen- 
ser. It is particularly used in devotions to signify 

our Redeemer's conflict in the garden. Hooker. 

Violent contest or striving. More. 
AGO'OD, a-gud'. ad. In earnest ; not fictitiously. 

SJiakspeare., Ob. J. 
AGOUTY,a-g6S'-te. n.s. An animal of the Antilles, 

of the bigness of a rabbit, with bright red hair, and 

a little tail without hair. Trevoux. 
To AGRA'CE §, a-grase'. v. a. See To Ag grace. 
AGRA'3IMATIST, a-gram'-ma-ust. n. s. [a and 

ypdutxa, Gr.] An illiterate man. Diet. 
AGRA'RIAN ' 



'-re-an. 
grounds. 



[agrarius, Lat.] Re- 
Wren. Burke. 



lating to fields 

To AGRE'E$, a-gree 7 . v.n. [agreer, Fr.] To be in 
concord. Browne. To grant ; to yield to. 2. Mac- 
cabees. To settle amicably. Clarendon. To set- 
tle terms by stipulation ; followed by with. Matt. 
v. To settle a price. Matt. xx. To be of the 
same mind or opinion. Clarendon. To concur ; to 
co-operate. Prior. To settle some point. Hooker. 
To be consistent. Mark, xiv. To suit with. Wis- 
dom. To cause no disturbance in the body. Ar- 
huthnot. 

To AGRE'E, a-gree'. v. a. To put an end to a vari- 
ance. Spenser. To make friends. Roscommon. 

AGREE ABI'LITY* a-gree-a-bll'-e-te.. n. s. [ogre 
ablete, Fr.] Easiness of disposition. Chaucer. 

AGRE'E ABLE, a-gree'-a-bl. a. Suitable to; con 
sistent with. Brown. Agreeably. Locke. Pleas- 
ing. Addison. 

AGRE'EABLENESS, a-gree' -a-bl-nSs. n. s. Con- 
sistency with. Locke. The quality of pleasing. 
Bp. Taylor. Resemblance ; likeness. Grew. 

AGRE'EABLY, a-gree'4-ble. ad. Consistently 
with. Pleasingly. Swift. Alike; in a corre 
sponding manner. Spenser. 

AGRE'ED, a-greed'. part, a. Settled by consent. 
Locke. 

AGRE'EINGLY*, a-gree'-?ng-le. ad. In conformity 
to. Sheldon. 

AGRE'EINGNESS, a-gree'-mg-nSs. n. s. Con 
sistence ; suitableness. 

AGRE'EMENT, a-gree'-me'nt. n. s. Concord. Ec- 
clus. Resemblance of one thing to another. Ba- 
con. Compact; bargain. Isaiah. 

AGRE'STICK, a-greV-tlk. ) a. \agrestis, Lat. 

AGRE'STICAL,a-gres'-te-kal.C Rude; rustick 

AGRE'STIAL*,a-gres'-tshe-al.) Gregory. Swan 

AGRICOLATION, ag-re-ko-la'-shfln. «. s. [agric 
ola, Lat,] Culture of the ground. Did. 

AGRICU'LTOR* ag-re-kuj'-tur. n, s. A husband- 
man. See Agriculturist. 

AGRICULTURAL*, ag-re-kul'-tshu-ral, a. Relat 
ing to agriculture, Smith's Wealth of Nations. 

A'GRICULTURE, ag'-re-kul-tshure. 462. n.s. [ag- 
ricultura T Lat.] The art of cultivating the ground. 
Brown. 

AGRIC U'LTURISM*, ag-re-kul'-tshu-rlzm, n. s 
The science of agriculture. 

AGRICULTURIST*, ag-re-kul'-lshu-r?st. n. s 
One skilled in the art of cultivating the ground, 

A'GRIMON Y, ag'-re-m&n-ne. 557. n.s. [agrimonia, 
LatJ The name of a plant. Miller. 

To AGRI'SE, a-grlze'. w. n. [a^pifan, SaxJ To 
shiver for fear, or through pity. Chaucer. Ob. J. 

To AGRI'SE, a-grlze'. v. a. To affright , to terrify. 
Sveriser. To disfigure ; to make frigntful. Spenser 

AGRO'UND, a-grouud'. 313. ad. Stranded Sir 
15 



AIM 



AIT 



(p= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me mel;— pine, pin;— 



Walter Raleigh. Hindered in the progress of af- 
fairs. 

A'GUE§,i'-g6e.335.n. 
intermitting - fever, 
Sliakspeare. 

To A'GUE*, a'-gdie. v. a. To strike as with an ague 
Haywood. 

A'GUED, a'-gfi-Sd 



[agis, Goth, terrour.] An 
with cold fits succeeded by hot. 



362 359. a. Struck with an 
ague. Shalcspeare. In little use. 
A'GUEFIT, a'-gue-fit. n. s. The paroxysm of the 

ague. Sliakspeare. 
A'GUEPROOF, a'-gue-prfiSf. a. Proof against 

agues. Shalcspeare. 
To AGUE'RRY*, v. a. [aguerrir, Fr.l To inure to 
the hardships of war ; to instruct in the art of war. 
Lyttleton. 
A'GUE-SPELL*, a'-gue-spel n. s. A charm for 

the ague. Gay. 
A'GUE-STRUCK* a'-gfie-strfik. a. Striken as with 

an ague. Hewyt. 
A'GUE-TREE, a'-gta-tree. n. s. A name sometimes 

given to sassafras. Diet. 
To AGUFSE, a-gylze'. v. a. To dress ; to adorn. 

Spenser. Ob. J. See Guise. 
AGUI'SEVd-gyjze 7 . n. s. Dress. More. Ob. T. 
A'GUISH, a'-gu-fsh. a. Having the qualities of an 

ague. B. Jonson. 
A'GUISHNESS, a'-gu-Ish-nes. n. s. Quality of re- 
sembling an ague. 
AH f, a. interj. A word noting sometimes dislike and 
censure. Isaiah. Sometimes contempt and exul- 
tation. Psalm xxxv. Most frequently, compassion 
and complaint. Dryden. When followed by that, 
it expresses vehement desire. Dryden. 
AHA y , AHA 7 ! a-ha'. interj. A word intimating tri- 
umph and contempt. Psalm xxxv. 
AHEAD, a-hed x . ad. Farther onward than another. 

Dryden. Headlong; precipitantly. U Estrange. 
AH EIGHT, a-hlte'. ad. Aloft; on high. Shak. 
AHFGH* a-hl'. ad. On high. Shalcspeare. 
AHOLD*, a-h6ld'. ad. A sea-term. To lay a ship 
ahold } is to bring her to lie as near the wind as she' 
can, in order to get her out to sea. Sliakspeare. 
AHO UA'I, &-h66-ae'. n, s, The name of a poison- 
ous plant. 
AHO'Y*, a-hSe'. interj. A sea-term ; of much the 

same import as Iwlla. Cumberland. 
AHU'NGRY*, a-hflng'-gre. a. Hungry. Shak. The 
expletive an is thus prefixed to hunger in an-hun- 
gered. 
AJAR*, a-jar'. ad. Half opened. 
To AID§, ade. 202. u. a. [aider, Fr.] To help. 

Spenser. 

AID, ade. n.s. [aibe,Sax.] Help ; support. Waits. 

A helper. Tobit,v\\\. In law, a subsidy. Cowel. 

A'IDANCE, ade'-anse. n.s. Help; support. Shak. 

A'IDANT, ade'-ant. a. Helping; helpful. Shak. 

Ob. J. 
AIDE-DE-CAMP*, ade-de-kawng'. n.s. [Fr.] A 
military officer, employed under a general to con- 
vey his orders. 

£5" This word, like most other military terms from the 
French, is universally adopted; but the polite pronun- 
ciation of the nasal vowel in the last syllable is not to 
be attained by a mere Englishman. See Encore. W. 

ATDER, ade' -fir. n. s. A helper. Bacon. 

A'IDLESS, ade'-les. a. Helpless. Sliakspeare. 

A'IGRE*, a'-gr. n.s. The impetuous flowing of 
the sea. 

A'IGRET* a'-gret. n.s. [aigrette, Fr.] The egret, 
or heron. See Egret. 

MGULET, a'-gu-lgt. n. s. [aigulet, Fr.] A point 
with tags. Spenser. 

To AIM, ale. v. a. [Agio, Goth.] To pain; to 
trouble. Gen. xxi. To affect in any manner. Sid- 
ney. To feel pain. 

AIL, ale 202. n. $. [e£le, Sax.] A disease. Pope. 

ATLMENT, ale'-ment. n. s. Pain ; disease. Gran- 
ville. 

AILING, ale'-lng. part. a. Sickly; full of com- 
plaints. 

To AIMS, ame. 202. v.n.Jesmer.'] To endeavour | 



to strike with a missile weapon. Pove. To point 
the view. Spenser. To guess. 
To AIM, ame. v. a. To direct the missile weapon. 

Dryden. 
AIM, ame. n. s. The direction of a missile weapon. 
Dryden. The point to which the tning thrown is 
directed. Shak. A. purpose; a scheme ; figura- 
tively. Milton. The object of a design. Locke. 
Conjecture; guess. Spenser. 
AFMER*, a'-mfir. n. s. One who aims. Wood. 
MMLESS*, W-les. a. Without aim. May. 
AIR$, are. 202. n. s. [ae'r, Lat.l The element en- 
compassing the terraqueous globe. Watts. The 
slate of the air. Bacon. Air in motion; a small 
gentle wind. Milton. Pope. Scent; vapour. Ba- 
con. Blast; pestilential vapour. Shak. Anything 
light or uncertain. Shak. The open weather. 
Dryden. Vent; utterance. Dryden. Publication. 
Pope. Intelligence; information. Bacon. Musick. 
Shak. Poe"y; a song. Milton. The mien, or 
manner, of t ne person; the look. Milton. An af- 
fected manner or gesture. Dryden. Appearance. 
Pope. 
To AIR, ire. v. a. To expose to the air. Hooker. 
To gratify, by enjoying the open air. Shak. To 
air; to warm by the fire. To breed in nests; in 
this sense it is derived from aei-ie, a nest. Careiv. 
MRBALLOON*, are'-bal-loSn'. n. s. A machine, 
filled with air, which mounts to a considerable 
height. See Baeeoon. 
| MRBLADDER, are'-blad-dfir. n. s. Any cuticle 
or vesicle filled with air. Arbuthnot. The bladder 
in fishes, by which they rise or fall. Cudworth. 
A'IR-BORN*, are'-bSrn. a. Born of the air. Con- 

greve. 
MR-BRAVING*, are'-bra-vmg. part. a. Defying 

the winds. Shalcspeare. 
MRBUILT, are'-bllt. a. Built in the air, i. e. with- 
out any solid foundation. Pope. 
A'IR-DRAWN, are'-drawn. a. Drawn or painted 

in air. Shalcspeare. Ob. J. 
MR-EMBRACED*, are'-em-braste. a. Sandys. 

Ps. civ. 
A'IRER, are'-Sr. 98. n. s. He that exposes to the 

air. 
A'IR-HOLE, are'-hole. n. s. A hole to admit air. 
A'IRINESS, are'-e-nes. «. s. Openness; exposure 

to the air. Lightness; gayety; levity. Fetton. 
A 7 ] RING, are'-lng. 4 JO. n.s. A short journey to 

enjoy the free air Addison. 
A'IRLESS, are'-les. a. Wanting communication 

with the free air. Sliakspeare. 
A'IRLING, are'-ling. 410. n. s A thoughtless, gay 

person. B. Jonson. 
A'IRGUN*, are'-gfin. n.s. A species of gun charged 

with air, instead of powder. Diet. 

A'IRPOISE*, are'-poeze. n. s. An instrument to 

measure the weight of the air. Hist. Royal Society. 

A'IRPUMP, are'-pump. n. s. A machine by whose 

means the air is exhausted out of proper vessels. 

Chambers. 

A'IRSHAFT, are'-shaft. n. s. A passage for the 

air into mines and subterraneous places. Ray. 
MR-STIRRING*, are'-st&r-rlng. a. That which 

puts the air in motion. May. 
AaR-THRE'ATENING*, are'-tfireYt'n-lng. adj . 

Threatening the air; lofty. Mir. for Mag. 
A'IRY, are'-C. a. Composed of air. Bacon. Re- 
lating to the air. Boyle. High in air. Addison. 
Open to the free air. Spenser. Light as air; thin ; 
unsubstantial. Slunk. Wanting reality. Milton. 
Fluttering; loose. Di-yden. Gay; sprightly. Bp. 
Taylor. 
AIRY-FLYING*, are'-e-fll-'ing. a. Flying like air. 

Thomson. 
AIRY-LIGHT*, are'-e-lite. a. Light as air. Mil- 
ton. 
AISLE, He. 207. n. s. [aile, Fr. ala, Lat. wing.] The 

walk in a church, or wing of a quire. Addison. 
AIT, cr EYGHT, ate. 202. n. s. Supposed to be 
corrupted from islet. A small island in a river. 
Skinner. 

7G 



ALB 



ALE 



-no, nidve, ndr, not;— tube, tub, bull; — 6'il ;— pd&nd ; — tli'm, thjs. 



A JCTAGK. id -ju-taje. „. s . [Fr.] An additional 

pipe to water-works. Diet. 
To ARE. tike. ood. r. n. To feel a pain. Shak. 

AKFN. a-kln. a. Related to. Sidney. Allied to 
by nature. Prior. 

AL. ATTLE. ADALE, seem to be corruptions of 
the Saxon JEpel, noble, famous. AL, ALD, 
being initials, are derived from the Saxon Ealb, 
anciciU. AL is also the Arabick prefix to many of 
our words : as, al-coran, al-cove, al-chymy, al- 
embiclc. al-manack. 

A LABASTER. iU'-d-bas-tor. 98. n. s. [<L\a/Wpor.] 
A kind of soft marble, easier to cut, and less dura- 
ble than the other kinds. Savory. 

ALABASTER, al'-a-bas-tfir. 418. a. Made of ala- 
baster. Addison, 

ALA CK. a-lak'. inter}. Alas. Shakspeare. 

ALA'CKADAY.a-lak'-a-da/. interj. [alas the day.] 
A word noting sorrow and melancholy. 

ALA'CRIOUSLY, a-lak'-re-us-le. ad. Cheerfully. 

ALA'CRIOUSNESS*. a-ldk'-re-us-nes. n. s. Brisk- 
ness; l iveli ness. Hanuncnd. 

ALACRITY, a-lak'-kre-te. 511. 7i.s.[alacritas, Lat.] 
Cheerfulness ; sprightliness. Hooker. 

ALAMIRE, a-la-me -ra. n. s. The lowest note but 
one in Guido Aratine's scale of musick. Gayton. 

ALAMO'DE. al-a-mode'. ad. According- to the 
fashion. fVkklock. A low word. /. 

ALA'ND, a-land'. ad. At land. Sidney. Drijdcn. 

ALA / RM$, a-larnV. n. s. [a Varme, Fr. to arms.] A 
cry by which men are summoned to their arms. 
lumbers. A cry of danger. Any tumult or dis- 
turbance. Pope. A clock that strikes an alarm. 
Spenser. 

To ALA'RM; a-larm'. v. a. To call to arms; to dis- 
turb. Addison. To surprise with apprehension of 
danger. Tickell. To disturb in general. Dryden. 

ALA'RMBELL. a-larm'-bell. n. s. The bell that is 
rung at the approach of an enemy. Milton. 

ALA'RMING, i-lar'-mmg. part. a. Terrifying. 

ALA'RMINGLY * a-lar'-ming-le. ad. In an" alarm- 
ing manner. 

ALA'RMIST*, a-lay-mlst. n. s. He wlio excites an 
alarm. 

ALA/RMPOST, a-Iarm'-post. n. s. The post ap- 

Eointed to appear at, in case of an alarm. 
A RMWATCH*, a-larm'-wotsh. n.s. One that 
strikes the hour by regulated movement. Sir T, 
Herbert. 

ALA'RUM, a-lar'-um. n. s. See Alarm. Sliak. 

ALA'S, a-las'. interj. [helas, Fr.] A word express- 
ing lamentation, pity, or concern. Sidiiey. 

ALAS THE DAY, "a-las'-THe-da. interj. Ah, un- 
happy dav ! Shakspeare. 

ALAS' THE WHILE, a-las'-THe-hwlie. interj. Ah, 
unhappy time ! Spatser. 

ALA/TE. a-late 7 . ad. Lately. Haws. 

ALATE'RNUS* al-a-ter'-hus. n.s. Evergreen 
priyet. Evelyn. 

ALB, alb. n. s. [album, Lat.] A surplice worn close 
at the wrists, like the lawn sleeves of a bishop. 
Fairfax. 

A'LBATROSS*, al'-ba-tros. n.s. A south-sea bird. 
Hawkesworth. 

ALBE', al-be'. ) ad. Although ; notwith- 

ALBETT. al-be'-it. 84-. £ standing. Spenser. 

A'LBICORE*,al-'-be-kdre. n. s. A sea fish. Da- 
vors. 

ALBIFICATION*, al-be-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. Making- 
white. Chaucer. 

ALBIGE'NSES*, al-be-jen'-sez. n. s. A sect so 
called from Albi , in Upper Languedoc, where they 
originated. Warton. 

ALBUGI'NEOUS, al-bu-jm'-e-us. a. [albugo, Lat.] 
Resembling the white of an egg. Brown. 

ALBU'GOj&l-bii'-gb. 84. n.s. [Lat.] A disease in 
the eye, by which the cornea contracts a white- 
ness. 

A'LBUM*, al'-bum. n. s. [Lat.] A book in which 
foreigners have long been accustomed to insert the 
autographs of celebrated people. Sir H. Wotton. 

A'LBURN, aF-bfirn. See Aubuex. 



ALCA'ICK* al-ki'-lk. a. The measure of verse 
used by the poet Alcanis, consisting of two dactyles 
and two trochees. Blackicall. Used also as a 
noun, denoting the verse itself. Warton. 

A'LCAHEST, al'-ka-hest. 8k *.». [Arab.] A uni- 
versal dissolvent. Quincy. 

ALCA ID, al-kade'. 84. n. s. In Barbary, the gov- 
ernourof a castle. Dryden. In Spain, the judge 
of a city. Du Can<re. 

ALCA'RNA, al-kan'-na. 84. n. s. An Egyptian 

flant used in dyeing. Brown. 
CHY MIOAL, al-kW-me-kal. a. Relating to 
alchvmv. Camden. 

ALCHY'MICALLY, al-kW-me-kal-le. ad. In the 

i manner of an alchvmist. Camden. 

A'LCHYMIST, al'-ke-mist. 84. n.s. One who pur- 

} sues or professes the science of alchvmv. Shak. 

j ALCHYMFSTIC AL*, al-ke-mis'-tlk-ai. a. Acting: 

I like an alchvmist. Light foot. Burke. 
To A'LCHYMlZE*, al'-ke-mlze. v. a. To trans- 

! mute. Lovelace. 

jA'LCHYMYS, al'-ke-me. 84. n.s. [al, Arab, and 
XW a -\ That part of ehymistry. which proposes the 

! transmutation of metals, and other important 

| operations. Hooker. A kind of mixed metal. Bcwon. 

|A / LCOHOL$,al / -k6-hdl. U.n.s. [Arab.] A high, 

j rectified, dephlegmated spirit of wine, or any thing 
reduced into an impalpable powder. Quincy. 

[ALCOHOLIZATION, al-ko-h&l-e-za'-shnn. n.s. 

\ The act of rectifying spirits. 

| To A'LCOHOLIZE, al'-ko-ho-llze. r. a. To make 

1 an alcohol. 

lA'LCORAN^al'-ko-ran. 84. n.s. [al, and koran, 

| Arab.] The book of the Mahometan precepts, and 
credenda. Saunderson. 

j ALCORA'NISH*, al-ko-ran'-ish. a. Relating to 

I Mahometanism. Sir T. Herbert. 

[ ALCO'VE, al-k6ve''. n. s. [alcoba, Span.] A recess, 
or part of a chamber, separated by an estrade, in 

{ which is placed a bed of state, or seats. Trevoux.. 

j A recess m gardens or pleasure grounds. Pope. 
A'LDER, al'-dfir. 84. n.s. [ahius, Lat.] A tree 

, having leaves resembling those of the hazel. The 

I wood is used bv turners. Pope. 

j ALDERLFEVEST. al-dur-leev'-est. a. super. [From 
alder, of all, and licre, beloved.] Most beloved. 
Shakspeare. 
A'LDERMAN$, al'-dur-man. n.s. [aid, and man, 
Sax.] The same as senator. A governour or 
magistrate, originally chosen on account of the 
experience which his* age had given him. Shak. 
ALDERMA'NITY*, al-dur-man'-e-te. n.s. The be- 
haviour and manners of an alderman. Staple of 
N&bbs. The society of aldermen. UndericoGds. 
A'LDERMANLIKE* al-dur-man-llke. a. In the 

manner of an alderman. Shelton. 
A'LDERMANLY, al'-dur-man-le. ad. Like an al 

derman. Swift. 
A'LDERN. al'-dfirn. 84, 555. a. Made of alder. 

May. 
A'LE§. ale. n. s. [eale, Sax.] A liquor made by 
infusing malt in hot water, and then fermenting (.he 
liquor. Shak. A merry meeting used in country 

? laces. Warton. 
.E-BENCH*, ale'-bensh. n. s. A bench in oi 
before an ale-house. Homilies. 

A'LEBERRY, ale'-ber-re. n. s. [ale, and berry.] A 
beverage made by boiling ale with spice asd su- 
gar, and sops of bread. Beaumont. 

A'LE-BRE WER, ale'-brdo-ur. n. s. One that brews 
ale. Mortimer. 

A'LE-CONNER, ale'-k&n-nur. ». s. [ale, and con.J 
An officer whose business it is to inspect the meas- 
ures of publick houses. Act of Pari. 21 Jnx. I. ch. 7. 

A'LECOST, ale'-k&st. n. s. The name of an herb. 
Did. 

ALE'CTR YOMANCY, a-leV-tre-6-man-se. ) 

ALF/CTOROMANCY, a-lek'-to-ri-man-se. $ 
[aXcKrpvwv and fidvTt£\ Divination by a cock. 
Diet. ' 

A'LE-FED*. ale'-fed. a. Fed with ale. Stafford. 

A'LEGAR, al'-le-g6r. 98.418. n.s. [ale, and ea^e* 
77 



ALG 



ALI 



G3 3 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— 



sour.] Sour ale ; acid made of ale, as vinegar, of 
wine. 

ALEGER,al'-le-jfir. a. [alacris, Lat.] Gay ; cheer- 
ful; sprightly. Bacon. Ob. J. 

To ALE'GGE*, a-leg'. v. a. [aUeger, old Fr.] To 
lessen 5 to assuage. Pastorals. Ob. T 

ALEHOOF, ale'-hodf. n.s. [ok, andhoopb.] Ground- 
ivy. Temple. 

ALEHOUSE, ale'-hSfise. n. s. [elhuy, Sax.] A 
house where ale is sold. Shakspeare. 

ALEHOUSE-KEEPER, alt -hd&se-ke-pfir. n. s. 
He that keeps ale publickly to sell. Letter to Swift. 

ALEKNIGHT, ale'-nlte. n.s. A pot-companion. 
Camden. Ob. J. 

ALE'MBICK, a-lem'-blk. n. s. [al, Arab, and af i- 
/?i£.l A vessel used in distilling. Boyle. 

ALE'NGTH. a-lengW. ad. At full length. Chau- 
cer. 

ALE'RT^, a-lert'. a. [alerte, Fr.] On guard; watch- 
ful : in a military sense. Sir Roger Williams. 



Brisk; pert; smart. Addison 
yRTNES 



n. s. Sprighdiness; 



ALE'RTNESS, a-leW-ne'ss 

fertness. Addison. 
E-STAKE* ale'-stake. n. s. [ale, and stake] A 
stake set up before an ale-house, by way of sign. 
Chaucer. 

ALETASTER, ale'-tast-fir. 98. n.s. [ale, and tast- 
er.] An officer appointed to look to the goodness 
of ale or beer. Cowel. 

ALEVAT, ale'-vat. n. s. [ale, and vat.] The tub in 
which the ale is fermented. 

ALE'W*, al-166'. n. s. Shouting, or crying aloud ; 
the same as halloo. Spenser. 

ALEWASHED, ale'-w6sht. 359. a. Steeped or 
soaked in ale. Shakspeare. 

ALEWIFE, ale'-wlfe. n.s. [ale, and wife.] A wo- 
man that keeps an alehouse. Swift. 

ALEXANDERS, alMegz-an'-durz. n. s.The name 
of a plant. 

ALEXANDER'S-FOOT, alMegz-an'-dfirz-fut'. 
478. n. s. The name of an herb. 

ALEXANDRINE, al-legz-an'-drfn. 150. n.s. A 
kind of verse borrowed from the French, first used 
in a poem called Alexander, consisting, among the 
French, of twelve and thirteen syllables, in alter- 
nate couplets ; and, among us, of twelve. Dryden. 

ALEXIPHA'RMACAL*, a-lek-se-fV-ma-kal. a. 
That which possesses an antidote. Pierce. 

ALEXIPHA'RMICK, a-lek-se-far'-mlk. a. [a\e^u> 
and tfdppaKov.] That which drives away poison or 
iwfection. Brown. Properly Alexipharmack. 

ALEXITE'RICAL. a4k-se-ter'-r£-kal. 509. > 

ALEXITE'RICK, ' a-lel-se-teV-rik. \ a ' 

[aXelf'w.] That which drives away poison, or fevers. 

A'LGA*, al'-ga. n. s. [Lat.] Sea- weed. B. Jonson. 
Dryden. 

ALGATES, al'-gates. ad. [algeafeej-, Sax. all- 
ways.] On any terms ; everyway. Fairfax. Ob. J. 

ALGEBRAS, al'-je-bra. 84. n.s. [an Arabick word 
of uncertain etymology.] A kind of arithmetick, 
which takes the quantity sought as if it were grant- 
ed, and, by means of one or more quantities given, 
proceeds by consequence, till the quantity at first 
only supposed to be known, or at least some power 
thereof, is found to be equal to some quantity or 
quantities which are known, and consequently it- 
self is known. Chambers. 

ALGEBRAICAL, al-je-bra'-e-kal. > a. Relating to 

ALGEBRA'ICK, al-je-bra'-fk. $ algebra. Con- 
taining operations of algebra. Bp. Berkeley. 

ALGEBRAIST, al-je-bra'-fet. n. s. A person that 
understands the science of algebra. Graunt. 

ALGID $,al'-j?d. 84. a. [algidus, Lat.] Cold ; chill. 
Did. 

ALGFDITY, al-)?d'-de-te. 511. ) n.s. Chilness ; cold. 

ALGIDNESS,al / -j?d-ne's. ( Diet, 

ALGFFICK, al-jif-fik. 509. a. [algor, Lat.] That 
which produces cold. Diet. 

A'LGOR, al'-g6r. n. s. [Lat.] Extreme cold. Diet. 

55° The in the last syllable of this word escapes being 
pronounced like u from its being Latin and seldom 
used. 418. W. 



To. 



ALGORISM, al'-go-rfem. 557. \ n. s. Arabick words 

ALGORITHM, aF-go-rfc/im. \ implying the six 
operations of arithmetick. Sir T. More. 

ALGO'SE, al-g6se'. 427. a. Extremely cold. Diet. 

ALGUAZIL*, al-gwa-zele'. n. s. [Span.] An infe- 
riour officer of justice; a constable. Smollet. 

A'LIAS, a'-le-as. ad. A Latin word, signifying 
otJierwise ; as, Simson alias Smith, alias Baker. 
Sir T. Herbert. In law : a writ of capias, issued 
a second time. Blaekstone. 

A'LLBfr, al'-e-bl. n. s. [Lat.] Elsewhere. The 
plea of a person, who, to prove himself innocent, 
alleges, that, at the time stated in the accusation, 
he was at some place remote from that in which 
the fact was said to have been committed. 

ALIBLE, al'-e-bl. 405. a. [alibilis, Lat.] Nutritive ; 
nourishing. Diet. 

A'LIEN^ale'-yen. 505. a. [aliemts, Lat.] Foreign. 
Dryden. Estranged from. Boyle. 

ALffiN, ale'-yen. 113,283. n.s. A foreigner. Hook- 
er. In law : one born in a strange country, and 
never enfranchised. Cowel. 

To ALIEN, ale'-yen. v. a. To make any thing the 
property of another. Hale. To estrange. Claren- 
don. 

ALIENABLE, ale'-yen-a-bl. a. That of which the 
property may be transferred. Dennis, 
v ALIENATE, ale'-yen-ate. v. a. To transfer 

Eroperty to another. Bacon. To withdraw the 
eart or affections. Hooker. 

$5= There is a strong propensity in undisciplined speakers 
to pronounce this word with the accent on the e in the 
penultimate ; but this cannot be too carefully avoided, as 
all the compounds of alien have invariably the accent 
on the first syllable. But whether the a in this sylla- 
ble be long or short, is a dispute among our best or- 
thoepists. Mr. Perry, Mr. Buchanan, W. Johnston, Dr. 
Kenrick, and Mr. Elphinston, join it with the conso- 
nant, and make it short ; but Mr. Sheridan separates it 
from the I, and makes it long and slender : and though 
Mr. Elphinston's opinion has great weight with me, 
yet I here join with Mr. Sheridan against them all ; not 
only because I judge his pronunciation of this word the 
most agreeable to the best usage, but because it is agree- 
able to an evident rule which lengthens every vowel 
with the accent on it, except i when followed by a sin- 
gle consonant and a diphthong. See Principles, No. 
505, 534. 
"O! alienate from Heav'n, O spirit accurst !" 

Milton's Par. Lost, B. V. 877. W. 

ALIENATE, ale'-yen-ate. a. Withdrawn from. 
Swift. 

ALtENA'TE*, ale'-yen-ate. n.s. A stranger; an 
alien. Stapleton. 

ALIENATION, ale-yen-a'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
transferring property. Spenser. The state of being 
alienated. Bp.HaU. Change of affection. Bacon. 
Disorder of the faculties. Hooker. 

ALIENATOR*, ale-yen-a'-tor. n.s. He who trans- 
fers or alienates. Warton. 

ALI'FE*, a-llfe'. ad. On my life. Shakspeare. 

ALPFEROUS, a-lif-fer-fis. 314. a. [ala and fero, 
Lat.] Having wings. Diet. 

ALFGEROUS, a-lij'-er-os. 314. .a. [aliger, Lat.l 
Having wings. 

To ALPGGE, a-lig'. v. a. See To Alegge. 

To ALFGHT,a-Hte'. v.n. [ahhtean, Sax.] To come 
down and stop. Spenser. To fall upon. Dryden. 

ALPKE, a-llke'. a. With resemblance ; without dif- 
ference. Psalm exxxix. Milton. 

ALFKE-MINDED*, a-llke'-mlnd-ed. part. a. Hav- 
ing the same mind. Bp. Hall. 

ALIMENTS, al'-le-me'nt. n. s. [alimentum, Lat.] 
Nourishment; food. Glanville. 

ALIME'NTAL, al-le-men'-tal. a. That which nour- 
ishes. Milton. 

ALIME'NTALLY, al-le-meV-tal-e. ad. So as to 
serve for nourishment. Brown. 

ALIME'NTARINESS, al-le-meV-ta-re-nes. n. s. 
The quality of being alimentary. Diet. 

ALIMENTARY, al-le-men'-ta-re. a. That which 
belongs to aliment, or has the power of nourishing. 
Ra.y. 

ALIMENTATION, al-le-meVta'-shfa. n. s. The 
78 



ALL 



ALL 



— n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — dil ; — pound ; — thin, this. 



power of affording 1 aliment. The state of being 
nourished. Bacon. 

4L1MOMOUS, al-le-m6'-n£-as. a. That which 
nourishes. Harvey. Very little in use. 

ALIMONY $, al'-le-mun-ne. 546. n. s. [alimonia, 
Lat.] That legal proportion of the husbands es- 
tate, which is allowed to the wife, upon the account 
of separation from him. Ayliffe. 

ALIQUANT, dl'-le-qwdnt. a. [aliquantus, Lat.l 
Parts of a number, which, however repeated, will 
never make up tne number exactly ; as, 3 is an 
aliquant of 10, thrice 3 being 9, four times 3 mak- 
ing 12. 

ALIQUOT, alMe-qwot. a. [aliquot, Lat.] Aliquot 
parts of any number are such as will exactly mea- 
sure without any remainder ; as, 3 is an aliquot 
part of 12. Clarke. 

A L1SH, ale'-Ish. a. Resembling ale. Mortimer. 

A'LITURE, al'-e-tsh&re. n. s. [alitura, Lat.] Nour- 
ishment. Diet. 

A LITE, a-llve'. a. In the state of life. Dry den. 
Unextinguished j undestroyed. Hooker. Cheer- 
ful ; sprightly. Clarissa. In a popular sense, it is 
used only to add an emphasis; as, the best man 
alive. Spenser. 

ALKAHEST, al'-ka-h£st. 84. n. s. A universal dis- 
solvent, which has the power of resolving all things 
into their first principles. 

ALKALESCENT, al-ka-les'-sent. a. Having a 
tendency to the properties of an alkali. Arbuth- 
not. 

A'LKALI§, al'-ka-le. 84. n.s. [from an herb, called 
by the Egyptians kali ; by us, glasswort.l Any 
substance, which, when mingled with acid, pro- 
duces ebullition and effervescence. 

ALKALINE, ai'-ka-lln. 150. a. Having the quali- 
ties of alkali. Arbvihnot. 

To ALKA'LIZATE, al-kal'-le-zate. v. a. To make 
bodies alkaline. 

ALKA'LIZATE, al-kal'-le-zate. a. Impregnated 
with alkali. Boyle. 

ALKALIZA'TION, al-ka-le-za'-shfin. n. s. Act of 
alkalizating, or impregnating bodies with alkali. 

A'LKANET, al'-ka-net n. s. [Anchusa, Lat.] The 
name of a plant. Miller. 

ALKEKE^NGI, al-ke-ken'-je. n. s. A medicinal 
fruit or berry, called winter-cherry. Clwmbers. 

ALKERMES, al-ker'-mez. n. s. A celebrated 
remedy, of which kermes berries are the basis. 
Chambers. 

ALL$,all. 77. a. [JEW, JEal, ealle, alle, Sax.] The 
whole number; every one. SliaJc. Every part. 
Locke. 

ALL, all. ad. [See All, a.] Quite; completely. 
Spenser. Altogether; wholly. Dry den. Only. 
Sliak. Although; but obsolete in this sense. 
Spenser. 

ALL, all. n. s. The whole. Shak. Every thing. 
Shak. All is much used in composition ; but, in 
most instances, it is merely arbitrary ; as appears 
in the following compounds. 

ALL- ABANDONED*, all-a-ban'-dund. part. a. De- 
serted bv all. SheUon. 

ALL- ABHORRED*, all-ab-h6r'd'. part. a. Detested 
by all. Shakspeare. 

ALL- ADMIRING*, all-ad-ml'-rlng. part. a. Wholly 
admiring. Shakspeare. 

ALL-ADVISED*, all-ad-vlz'd'. part. a. Advised by 
all. Bp. Warburton. 

ALL-APPROVED*, all-ap-proov'd'. a. He who is 
approved by all. More. 

ALL- ATONING*, all-a-t6ne' ?ng. part. a. Atoning 
for all. Dryden. Burke. 

ALL-BEARING, all-ba'-rfng. a. That which bears 
every thing ; omniparous. Marston. 

ALL-BEAUTEOUS*, all-bu'-tshe-fis. a. Complete- 
ly beautiful. Pope. 

ALL-BEHOLDING*, all-be-h6le'-dlng. a. That 
which beholds all things. Drayton. 

ALL-BLASTING*, aB-blas'-ting. part. a. That 
which blasts, defames, or destroys all things. 
Marston 



ALL-CHANGING*, all-tshanje'-lng. part. a. That 

which is perpetually changing. Sixakspeare. 
ALL-CHEERING, all-tshe^-ring. a. That which 

fives gayety and cheerfulness to all. Shakspeare. 
L-COMMANDlNG,all-kdm-mand'-lng. a. Hav 
ing the sovereignty over all. Raleigh. 

ALL-COMPLYING*, all-k&m-pllMng. part. a. 
Yielding or complying in every respect. More. 

ALL-COMPOSING, all-k&m-po'-zing. a. That 
which quiets all. Crasliaw. 

ALL-COMPREHENSIVE*, all-k6m-pre-hen / -slv. 
a. Comprehending all things. Glanville. 

ALL-CONCEALING*, all-k6n-sele'-ing. part. a. 
That which conceals all things. Spenser. 

ALL-CONQUERING, all-k6ng'-kar-lng. 334. a. 
That which subdues every thing. Milton. 

ALL-CONSTRAINING*, all-k6n-stra'-nlng. part, 
a. That which restrains or subjugates all things. 
Drayton. 

ALL-CONSUMING, all-k6n-su'-ming. a. That 
which consumes every thing. Pope. 

ALL-DARING*, all-da'-ring. a. That which dares 
attempt every thing. B. Jonson. 

ALL-DESTROYING*, all-de-str6e'-?ng. part. a. 
Destroying all things. Sir R. Fanshaw. 

ALL-DEVASTING*, all-de-vas / -dng. part. a. 
Wasting all things. Sandys. 

ALL-DEVOURING, ill-de-vSur'-lng. a. That 
which eats up every thing. Pope. 

ALL-DIMMING*, all-dlm'-mlng. part. a. That 
which obscures all things. Marston. 

ALL-DISCOVERING*, all-dls-kfiv'-ur-fng. part, a. 
Disclosing - every thing. More. 

ALL-DISGRACED*, all-dis-graste'. part. a. Com- 
pletely disgraced. Shakspeare. 

ALL-DISPENSING*, all-dis-pen'-s?ng. part. a. 
That which dispenses all things. Milton. That 
which affords any dispensation or permission. 
Dryden. 

ALL-DIVINE*, all-de-vine', a. Supremely excel- 
lent. Howell. 

ALL-DD7INING* all-de-vi'-nlng. part. a. Foretell- 
ing all things. Sir R. Fanshaw. 

ALL-DREADED*, all-dred'-ed. a. Feared by all. 
Shakspeare. 

ALL-DROWSY*, all-drdtV-ze. a. Very drowsy. 
Brown. 

ALL-ELOQUENT*, all-eF-6-kwent. a. Having all 
the force of eloquence. Pope. 

ALL-EMBRACING* all-em-brase'-ing. part. a. 
Embracing all things. Crashaw. 

ALL-ENDING*, alf-en'-dhig. part. a. That which 
ends all things. Shakspeare. 

ALL-ENLIGHTENING*, all-en-ll't'n-lng. part. a. 
Enlightening - all things. C. Cotton. 

ALL-ENRAGED*, all-en-raj'd'. a. Greatly enrag- 
ed. J. Hall. 

ALL-FLAMING*, all-fla'-mfng. part. a. Flaming in 
every direction. Beaumont. 

ALL-FOOLS-DAY*, all-fSolz-da'. n. t. The first 
of April, when every body, says the Spectator, 
strives to make as many fools as he can; an old 
[but foolish] custom. Brand. 

ALL-FORGIVING*, all-for-gfv'-?ng. a. Forgiving 
all. Dryden. 

ALL-FOURS, all-forz'. n. s. A low game at cards, 
played by two. The all-four are high, low, Jack, 
and the game. The arms used together with the 
legs on the ground. [things. Milton. 

ALL-GIVER*, all-giv'-fir. n. s. The Giver of all 

ALL-GOOD*, al-gaaV. n.s. A Being of unlimited 

foodness ; used also as an adj. Dryden. 
L-GUIDING* all-gyl'-ding. part, a, Guiding all 
things. Sandys. 
ALL-HAIL §, all-h^e'.w.*. Ail health; a term of 

salutation. St. Matthew, xxviii. 
To ALL-HAIL*, all-hale', v. a. To salute. Shak. 
ALL HALLOW, a31-hal'-l6. )n. s. All-saints- 
ALL HALLOWS, all-hal'-tozej day ; the first of 

November. 
ALL-HALLOWMASS* all-hal'-l6-mas. n. s. The 
term near Al!-saints-day. Bourne. 
79 



ALL 



ALL 



U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, p?r 



fart. 



which has 



ALL-HALLOWN, all-halMfin. a. The time about 

All-saints-day. Shakspeare. 
ALL-HALLOWTIDE, all-halM6-tlde. n. s. See 

All-Hallown. Bacon. 
ALL-HEAL, all-hele'. n. s. A species of iron-wort. 

Stukeley. 
ALL-HEALING*, all-hele'-frig. part. a. Healing all 

things. Selden. 
ALL-HELPING*, ali-heT-pmg. part. a. Assisting all 

things. Selden. 
ALL-HIDING*, all-lri'-dlng. part. a. Concealing all 

things. Sliakspeare 
ALL-HONOURED*, all-on'-nQrd. part. a. Honour- 
ed by all. Sliakspeare. 
ALL-HURTING*, all-hurt'-mg. part, a. Hurting all 

things. Shakspeare. 
ALL-IDOLIZING*, all-l'-do-ll-zlng. part. a. Wor- 
shipping any thing. Crashaw. 
ALL-IMITATING*, all-We-ta-tfng. part. a. Imi- 
tating every thing. More. 
ALL-INFORMING*, all-m-fSW-lng. part. a. That 

which actuates by vital powers. Sandys. 
ALL-INTERPRETING*, all-?n-teV-pre-tmg. 

a. Interpreting or explaining all things. M& 
ALL-JUDGING, all-iud'-jing. a. That whic 

the sovereign right of judgement. Rowe. 
ALL-KNOWING, all-n^-lng. a. Omniscient ; all 

wise. Atterbury. 
ALL-LICENSED*, all-ll'-senst. part. a. Licensed 

to every thing. Shakspeare. 
ALL-LOVING*, all-luv'-'mg. a. Of infinite love 

More. 
ALL-MAKING, all-ma'-klng. a. That created all 3 

omnifick. Dryden. 
ALL-MATURING*, all-ma-uV-rfng. a. That winch 

matures all things. Drvden. 
ALL-MURDERING*, lll-mur'-diV-fog-. 

pletely destructive. Sir R. Fanshai 
ALL-OBEDIENT*, all-i-be'-je-ent. a. Absolutely 

obedient. Crashaw. 
ALL-OBEYING*, all^-ba'-Ing. pari. a. That to 

which all pay obedience. Shakspeare. 
ALL-OBLIVIOUS*, all-o-bhV-ve-us. a. That which 

would cause entire for^etfulness. Shakspeare 
ALL-OBSCURING*, all-6b-skiV-rIng. part. a. That 

which hides all things. Bp. Henry King. 
ALL-PENETRATING*, all-pen'-ne-tra-dng. part 

a. Pervading all things. Stafford. 
ALL-PERFECTNESS*, all'-per'-fekt-nes. n. s. The 

perfection of the whole. More. 
ALL-PIERCING*, all-pe^-smg, or all-peV-smg. 

part. a. Discovering all things. Marston. 
ALL-POWERFUL, all-puu^ar-ful. a. Almighty ; 

omnipotent. Swift. 
ALL-PRAISED*, all-pra'-zed, or all-praz'd'. part. 

a. Praised by all. Shakspeare. 
ALL-RULING*, all-roSl'-mg. part. a. Governing 

all things. Milton. 
ALL-SAINTS-DAY, all-santz-da'. n. s. The day 

on which there is a general celebration of the 

saints. The first of November. 
ALL-SANCTIFYING*, all-sangk'-te-fl-kg.part. a. 

That which sanctifies the whole. West. ^ 
ALL-SAVING*, all-sa'-vlng. part. a. Saving all 

things. Selden. 
ALL-SEARCHING*, all-sertsh'-fng. pan. a. That 

which searches and pervades all things. Saidh. 
ALL-SEER §, all-seer 7 , n.s. He that sees or beholds 

everv thing. Shakspeare. 
ALL-SEEING, all-see'-mg. a. That which beholds 

every thing. Dryden. 
ALL-SHAKING*, all-sha'-king. part. a. That which 

shakes all things. Shakspeare. 
ALL-SHUNNED*, alF-sh&n'd. part. a. Shunned by 

all. Shakspeare. 
ALL-SOULS-DAY. all-s&z-da 7 . n. s. The day on 

which supplications are made for all souls by the 

church of Rome ; the second of November. Shak. 
ALL-SUFFICIENCY )*, all-suf-flsh'-en-se. n. s. In- 
finite ability. Bp. Hall. 
ALL-SUFFlCIENT, all-suf-ffsh'-ent. a. Sufficient 

to every thing. Hooker. 



ALL-SUFFICIENT*, all-sfif-flsh'-ert. n. s. Proper 
ly and emphatically denoting God. Wliitlock. 

ALL-SURVEYING*, all-sar-va'-fog. part. a. That 
which beholds all things. Sandys. 

ALL-SUSTAINING*, all-sus-ta'-nlng. part, a. 
That which upholds all things. Sir J. Beauvwnt. 

ALL-TELLING*, all-telMlng. part. a. That which 
tells or divulges all things. Shakspeare. 

ALL-TRIUMPHING*, all-trl'-um-flng. part. a. 
Every where triumphant. B. Jonson. 

ALL-WATCHED*, all-wolsht'. part. a. Watched 
throughout. Sliakspeare. 

ALL-WISE, all-wlze'. a. Possessed of infinite wis- 
dom. South. 

ALL-WITTED*, all-wlt'-ted. a. Possessing every 
kind of wit. B. Jonson. 

ALL-WORSHIPPED*, all-wur'-shipt. part. a. 
Adored by all. Milton. 

ALLANTO'IS^V&n-tby. )«./?. [a\\as 

ALLANTO'IDES, al-lan-toe'-dez. S and ados] 
The urinary tunick placed between the amnion 
and chorion. Quincy. 

To ALLA'TRATE*, al-la'-trate. v. n. [allatro, 
LatJ To bark. Siubbes. 

To ALLA'Y §, al-la/. v. a. To mix one metal with 
another, to make it fitter for coinage. To join 
any thing to another, so as to abate its predomi- 
nant qualities. B. Jonson. To quiet 5 to pacify. 
Shakspeare. 

ALLAY, al-la'. n. s. [alloy, Fr.] The metal of a 
baser kind mixed in coins, to harden them. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. Any thing which abates the 
predominant qualities of that with which it is min- 

fled/ Newton. 
LA'YER, al-la'-ur. n. s. The person or thing 
which has the power of allaying. Harvey. 
ALLAYMENT, al-la'-ment. n. s. That which has 
the power of allaying. Shakspeare. 
"~ "ekt'. v. a 



[alleclo, allicio, Lat.] 



ToALLE'CT^al-leT 

To entice. Huloel's Diet. 
ALLE'CTIVE*, al-lek'-uV. n. s. Allurement. Sir 

T. Elyot. 
ALLE'CTrVE^al-le^-tlv. a. Alluring. Cliaucer. 

Ob. T. 
ALLEGATION, al-le-ga'-sh&n. n. s. Affirmation ; 

declaration. More. The thing alleged. Shak. 

An excuse ; a plea. Pope. 
To ALLE'GE§, al-ledje'. v. a. [allego, Lat.] To af- 
firm. To plead as an excuse, or produce as an 

argument. Hooker. 
ALLE'GEABLE, al-ledje'-a-bl. a. That which may 

be alleged. Browne. 
ALLE'GEMENT, al-ledjV-ment. n.s. The same 

with allegation. Diet. Bp. Sanderscni. 
ALLE'GER, al-ledje'-ur. n. s. He that alleges 

Boule. 
ALLEGIANCE, al-le'-janse. n. s. [allegeance. Fr.] 

The duty of subjects to the government. Shak. 
ALLE'GIANT, al-le'-jant. a. Loyal. Shak. Ob. J. 
ALLEGO'RICK^I-le-gSr'-rtk. a. After the manner 

of an allegory. Milton. 
ALLEGO'RICAL, al-le-gor'-re-kal. a. In the form 

of an allegory. Bentley. 
ALLEGO'RlCALLY, al-le-gor'-re-kal-le. ad. Af- 
ter an allegorical manner. Peocham. 
ALLEGO'ltlCALNESS, al-le-gor'-re-kal-nes. n.s. 

Quality of being allegorical. Vict. 
A'LLEGORIST*, al'-le-go-r'fst. n. s. He who teache* 

in an allegorical manner. Winston. 
To ALLEGORIZE, alMe-go-rlze. r. a. To turn 

into allegory. Raleigh. 
To A'LLEGORIZE*, al'-le-go-rlze. v. n. To trea* 

as an allegory. Fulke. 
ALLEGORIZER*, al'-le-go-rl-zur. n. s. An allego- 

rist. Coventry. ■_■■■, 

A'LLEGORYS.alMe-gOr-re. 5o7. n.s. [aAA^yop/a.J 

A figurative disccurse, in winch something other is 

^tended, than is conned m the words literally 

taken. Ben Jonson. „ , '■' , . 

ALLEGRO, al-le'-gro. n. s. [Ital.] A word in 

musick, denoting a sprightly motion. It onginali> 

means gay, as in Milton. 



ALL 



ALM 



-116, m6ve, n6r, nftt ; — ti'ibc, iflb, b&ll ; — 611 ; — poftnd ; — th'm, Tuis. 



ALLELVJA1I, al-le-hV-v;i. n. s. A word of spirit- 
ual exultation ; Praise God. Government of tlie 
Tongue. 

ALLEMA'NDE, al-le-mand'. n. s. [Allemannia. 
barb. Lat.] A dance well known in Germany and 
Switzerland. 

7'oALLE'VIATEsSal-le-ve-ate. 91. v. a. [allevo, 
Lat.] To make light 5 to ease} to soflen. Harvey. 
To extenuate. 

ALLEVIATION, al-le-ve-a'-shun. n. s. The act of 
making light. South. That by which any pain is 
eased, or Vault extenuated. Locke. 

ALLE YIATI\X*,al-le'-ve-a-tiv.7Ls. A palliative; 
something mitigating. Corah's Doom. 

ALLEY, al-lc. 270. n. s. [allee, Fr.] A walk in a 
garden. Spenser. A passage, in towns, narrower 
than a street. Sliakspeare. 

ALLIANCES al-U'-anse. n. s. [alliance, Fr.] The 
stale of connexion by confederacy ; a league. Re- 
lation by marriage. Dnjden. Relation by any 
form of" kindred. Sfiak. The persons allied to 
each other. Addison. 

To ALLrANCE*,al-ll'-anse. r. a. To unite by con- 
federacy, to all v. Cudicorth. 

ALLrANT*,al-lP.ant. n. s. An ally. Wolton. 

ALLI'ClENCY^.al-lish'-yen-se. 113. n. s. [aUicio, 
Lat.] Magnetism; attraction. Glancille. 

ALLFCIENT* al-llsh'-yent. n. s. An attractor. 
Robinson. 

roA'LLIGATE^alMe-gate. 91. v. a. [alligo, Lat.] 
To tie one thing to another; to unite. Diet. 

ALLIGATION, al-le-ga'-shfin. n. s. The act of ty- 
ing together ; the arithmetical rule that teaches to 
adjust the price of compounds, formed of several 
ingredients of different value. 

ALLIGATOR, al-le-ga'-tur. 521. n. s. [allagario. 
Fort.] The crocodile; chiefly used for the crocodile 
of America. Sliakspeare. 

A'LLIGATURE, alMe-ga-tshure. n.s. A link, or 
ligature. Diet. 

ALLPSION, ai-Bzh'-fin. n. s. [allido, allisum, Lat.] 
The act of striking one thing against another. 
Woodward. 

ALLITERATION $, al-llt-e^-a'-shun. n. s. [ad and 
libera, Lat.] The beginning of several words in the 
same verse with the same letter. Milton. 

ALLITERATIVE*, al-llf-er-a-tiv. a. Denoting 
words beginning with the same letter. Warton. 

ALLOCATION. al-l6-ka'-shun. n. s. [alloco, Lat.] 
The act of putting one thing to another. The ad- 
mission of an article in reckoning, and addition of 
it to the account. An allowance made upon an 
account; a term used in the exchequer. Cham- 
bers. 

ALLOCUTION, al-16-k.V-shun. n. s. [allocutio, 
Lat.] The act or manner of speaking to another. 
Wheler. Sometimes adlocution. 

ALLO'DIAL, al-lc-'-de-al. a. [allodialis, barb. Lat.] 
Held without any acknowledgement of superiority; 
not feudal ; independent. Keviam. 

ALLO'DIUM, al-l6'-de-um. n. s. A possession 
held in absolute independence. There are no al- 
lodial lands in England, all being held either me- 
iiatelv or immediatelv of the king. Hammond. 

ALLO'NGE, al-l&ndje 7 . 165. n.s. [allonge, Fr.] A 
pass or thrust with a rapier, in fencing. A long 
rein, when the horse is trotted in the hand. 
To ALLOO, al-165'.r. a. [generally halloo] To set 
on ; to incite a dog, bv crying alloo. Philips. 

A'LLOQUY, alMo-kwe. n. s. [alLoquium, Lat.] Ad- 
dress ; conversation. Diet. 
To ALLOT §, al-ldt'. ». a. [from to.] To distribute 
bv lot. To srrant. Shak. To distribute. Taller. 

ALLOTMENT, ai-l6t'-ment. n. s. That which is 
allotted to any one ; the part; the share. Rogers. 
Part appropriated. Broome. 
ALLOTTERY, al-lot'-tur-e. 555. n. s. The part in 

a distribution. Shakspeare. 
To ALLOWS, al-lofi'. v. a. [lopian, Sax. to praise.] 
To admit. Locke. To justify. SJiak. To grant ; 
to yield. Locke. To grant license to. Shak. To 
give a sanction to. Shak. To give to. Waller. 
11 



To appoint for. To make abatement, or provi 

sion. Addison. 
ALLOWABLE, al-lou'-a-bl. a. That which may 

be admitted. Brown. That which is permitted ot 

licensed. Hooker. 
ALLO'WABLENESS, al-ldu'-a-bl-nes. ?i. s. Law 

fulness ; exemption from prohibition. South. 
ALLO'WABLY*, al-lou'-a-ble. ad. With claim of 

allowance. Lowth. 
ALLO'YVANCE, al-ldiY-anse. n. s. Admission 

without contradiction. Hooker. Sanction ; license. 

Shak. Permission. Locke. A settled rate. Ba- 
con. Abatement from the strict rigour of a law. 
I Dryden. Established character. Sliakspeare. 
ALLOY, al-16-e 7 . 39. n.s. Baser metal mixed in 

coinage. Locke. Abatement; diminution. Alter- 

bury. See Allay. 
ALLS*, allz. n. s. All one's goods : a vulgarism. 
A'LLSPICE*, alF-splse. n. s. Jamaica pepper or' 

fimenta. Guthrie. Hill. 
LUBF/SCENC Y, al-lu-bes'-sen-se. n. s. [allubes- 
cenlia, Lat.] Willingness; content. Diet. 

To ALLU'DESal-ludV. r. n. [alhulo, Lat.] To have 
some reference to a thing ; to hint at; to insinuate. 
Hooker. 

ALLU'MLNOR, al-lu'-me-n&r. n. s. [allumer, Fr.] 
One who colours or paints upon paper or parch- 
ment. Cowel. 

To ALLU'RE^al-liuV. v. a. [leurer, Fr.] To en- 
tice. Hooker. 

ALLU'RE, al-lure'. n. s. Something set up to en 

tice. Hayward. We now write lure. 
J ALLL T/ REMENT, al-kW-menl. n. s. Enticement ; 
j temptation of pleasure. Milton. 
jALLURER, al-liY-rur. 98. n.s. He that allures 
Dryden. 

ALLURING*, al-lu'-rmg. n. s. The power to allure 
Beaumont and Pletclier. 

ALLURINGLY, al-lu'-rfng-le. ad. Enticingly. 

ALLU'RLNGNESS, al-lu'-rlng-nes. n. s. Invitation ; 
temptation, b\- proposing pleasure. 

ALLUSION, al-lu'-zhun. n. s. [allusio, Lat.] A 
reference to something supposed to be already 
known ; a hint. Burnet. 

ALLU'SIVE, al-lu'-sfv. 158, 428. a. Hinting at 
something not fully expressed. South. 

ALLU'SIVELY, al-liV-siv-le. ad. In an allusive 
manner. Hammond. 

ALLU'SIVENESS, al-lu'-siv-nes. n. s. The quality 
of being allusive. More. 

ALLU'VTON §,al-hY-ve-un.77. s. [a//«Wo,Lat.] Car- 
rying by the motion of water. The thing carried 
bv water to something else. Coivel. 

ALLU/VIOUS, al-liV-ve-us. 314. a. That which is 
carried by water and lodged upon something 
else. 

To ALL Y% al-11'. v. a. [aUier, Fr.] To unite by 
kindred, friendship, or confederacy. Spenser. To 
make a relation between two things. Dryden. 

ALLY', al-li 7 . n. s. One united by some connexion, 
as marriage, friendship, confederacy. Wotton. 
Temple. 

35= A few years ago there was an affectation of pro- 
nouncing this word, when a noun, with the accent on 
the first syllable ; and this had an appearance of preci- 
sion, from the general custom of accenting nouns in 
this manner, when the same word, as a verb, had the 
accent on the last, 492 ; but a closer inspection into 
the analogies of the language showed this pronuncia- 
tion to be improper, as it interfered with a universal 
rule, which was, to pronounce the y like e in a final un- 
accented syllable. But whatever was the reason of this 
novelty, it now seems to have subsided ; and this word 
is now generally pronounced with the accent on -he 
second syllable, as it is uniformly marked by all the 
orthoepists in our language. See Survet. W. 

ALMACANTAR, al-ma-kan'-tfir. n. s. [Ara- 

bick.] A circle drawn parallel to the horizon. 
ALMACANTAR'S STAFF, al-ma-kan'-turz-staf. 

n. s. An instrument used to take observations of 

the sun. Chambers. 
A'LMANACK, al'-ma-nak. 84. n. s. [al, Arabick 

and utj 1/, a month. ] A calendar; a book in which 
81 



ALO 



ALT 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel;— pine, pin ;— 



the revolutions of the seasons, with the return 
of feasts and fasts, is noted. Bacon. 
A'LMANACK-MAKELt*, al'-ma-nak-ma'-kur. n.s. 

A maker of almanacks. Gaijton. 
A'LMANDINE, al'-man-dlne. 149. n. s [from al- 
mandina, Ital.] A ruby of the colour of the gran- 
ate. Diet. 
ALMFGHTINESS, al-ml'-te-nes. re. s. Unlimited 
power; omnipotence ; one of the attributes of God. 
Hooker. 
ALMFGHTY §, al-ml'-t£. 84, 406. a. Of unlimited 

power; omnipotent. Gejiesis. 
ALMFGHTY*, al-mi'-te. re. s. The Omnipotent ; 
the Maker of heaven and earth ; one of the appel- 
lations of the Godhead. Milton 
A'LMOND, a'-mund. 401. n. s. [arnand, Fr.] The 

nut of the almond-tree. Locke. 
A'LMOND-TREE, a'-mund-tree. n. s. The tree 

which bears almonds. Miller. 
A'LMONDS of tlie throat, or Tonsils. Two round 
glands placed on the sides of the basis of the 
tongue. Quincy. 
A'LMOND-FUtfNACE, a/-mond-fur-nk ? 
A'LMAN-FURNACE^al'-man-mr-nis. 5 V 
Called also the Sweep. A kind of furnace used in 
refining". Chambers. 
A'LMOND- WILLOW* a'-mfind-wlF-lo. re. s A 
willow, whose leaves are of a light green on both 
sides. Shenstone. 
A'LMONER, ll'-mo-nur. ) n. s. The person em- 
A'LMNER^lm'-nur. ) ployed in the distribu 

tion of charity. Dryden. 
A'LMONRY, al'-mun-re. I n. s. The place where 
A'LMRY, alm'-re. ) the almoner resides, or 

where the alms are distributed. Burnet. 
ALMO'ST, al'-most. 84. ad. Nearly; well n: 

Locke. 
ALMS§,amz. 403. n. s. What is given gratuitously 

in relief of the poor. Shakspeare, 
ALMS-BASKET, amz'-bas-kk n. s. The basket in 
which provisions are put to be given away. B. 
Jcnson. 
A'LMSDEED, amz'-deed. re. 5. An act of charity. 

Acts, ix. 
ALMS-FOLK*, amz'-foke. n. s. Persons supporting 

others by alms. Strype. 
ALMS-GIVER, amz'-gfv-fir. n. s. He that gives 

alms. Bacon,. Hammond. 
ALMSHOUSE, amz'-house. re. s. A house devoted 



to the reception and support of the poor. Hooker, 
A'LMSMAN, iimz'-man. re. 5. A man who lives 



Shak. 



re. s 
He who gives alms 



Homilies, 
s. Members of an 



udqji alms 

b. 2. 

A LMS-PEOPLE*, amz-pee'-pl 
alms-house. Weerer. 

A'LMUG-TREE, ill' -mug-tree. re. 5. A tree men 
tioned in Scripture. 1 Kings, x. 

A'LNAGAR, al'-na-gar. S re. s. [from alnage.~] A 

A'LNAGER. al'-na-jftr. 88. [ measurer by the ell ; 

A'LNEGER, al'-ne-jur. ) one of three officers 
belonging to the regulation of cloth-manufactures 
the searcher, measurer, and alneger. Vict. 

A'LNAGE, al'-naje. 90. re. 5. [aulnage, or aunage, 
Fr.l Ell-measure, or the measuring by the ell. 
Diet: 

A'LNIGHT, al'-nlte. re. s. A great cake of wax, with 
the wick in the midst. Bacon. 

A'LOES§, aK-6-ze. n. s. [o^nx,] A precious wood 
used, in the East, for perfumes, of which the best 
sort is of higher price than gold. Savary. A tree 
which grows in hot countries; a cathartick juice 
extracted from the common aloes tree. 

£5" This word is divided into three syllables by Mr. 
Sheridan, and but into two by Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, 
Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston. The latter is, in my 
opinion, preferable. My reason is, that though this 
plural word is perfectly Latin, and in that language is 
pronounced in three syllables ; yet, as we have the sin- 
gular aloe in two syllables, we ought to form the plu- 
ral according to our own analogy, and pronounce it in 
two syllables likewise. — See Antipodes. W. 

ALOE'TFCAL, al-6-ef-e-kal. ) a. Consisting chiefly 

ALOETICK, al-6-eV-?k. < of aloes. Wiseman. 



ALO'FT, a-lofV. ad. [lofter, Dan.] On high ; above. 

Prov. xviii. A word used by seamen to call 

others from below on deck ; all hands aloft 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ALO'FT, a-lofi/. prep. Above. Milton. 

A'LOGY, aF-6-je. n. s. [atogie, old Fr.] Unreason 

ableness; absurdity. Diet. 
ALO'NE §, a-l6ne ; . 545. a. [allem, Dutch.] Without 
another. Shale. Solitary. Sidney. JN'ot to be 
matched. Shafcspeare. Onlv. St. Matthew, iv. 
ALO'NELY*, a-loneMe. a. Only. Huloet. 
ALO'NELY*, a-l6neMe. ad. Merely; singly 

Goicer. 
ALO'NENESS§*, a-lone'-nes. re. s. That slate 
which belongs not to another ; properly applied to 
God. Mountagu. 
ALO'NG§, a-long'. ad. [anblan$, onblon£, Sax.] 
At length. Dry den. Through any space length- 
wise. Bacon. Throughout ; in the whole, with all 
prefixed. Tillotson. Forward; onward. Pope. 
Owing to ; in consequence of. Cliaucer. 
ALO'NG-SIDE*, a-long'-slde. ad. By the side of 

the ship. A naval tenn. 
ALO'NGST, a-ldngst'. ad. Along; through the 

length. Knolles. 
ALO^OF, a-lo6f. ad. [all of.] At a distance. B. 
Hall. Caution and circumspection. Shak. That 
art in conversation by which a man holds the prin 
cipal question at a distance. Shakspeare. 
ALOOJD, a-l6ud'. a. Loudly. Waller. 
ALO'W^a-16'. ad. In a low place. Mir. for Mag. 
ALP §*, alp. re. s. [alp, alb, mons. Bas Bret.] That 
which is mountainous or durable like the Alps. 
Milton. 
A'LPINE*, al'-pln. a. [alpinus. Lat.] Relating to 
the Alps. Milton. High. Tlwmson. A peculiar 
kind of strawberry. Mawe. 
ALPHA, al'-fa. 84, 545. n.s. The first letter in the 
Greek alphabet, answering to our A : therefore 
used to signify the first. Revelation, i. 
ALPHABET §, al'-fa-bct. re. s. [a\<p a and fcra.] 
The order of the letters, or elements of speech. 
Holder. 
To A'LPHABET, al'-fa-bet. v. a. To range in the 
order of the alphabet. 



ALPHABETA / RIAN*,al-fa-bet-ta / -re-an. 

ABC scholar. Abp. Saner oft. 
ALPHABE'TlCAL,al-fa-beV-te-kal. 508, 509. ) 
ALPHABE'TICK, Sl-fa-bSt'-lk. \ a ' 

In the order of the alphabet. Sivift. 
ALPHABE'TICALLY, al-fa-bet'-te-kal-le. ad. In 

an alphabetical manner. Holder. 
ALREADY, al-recl'-de. 84. ad. At this present 

time, or at some time past. Hooker. 
ALS, als. ad. Also ; likewise. Spenser. Oh. J. 
A'LSO§, h\'-so. 84. ad. [al]*pa, Sax.] In the same 

manner; likewise. Burnet. 
ALT*, alt. re. 5. The higher part of the scale or 

gamut. 
A'LTARS, al'-t&r. 84, 98. n.s. [altare, Lat.] The 

place where offerings to heaven are laid. Dryden 

The table in Christian churches where the com 

munion is administered. Shakspeare. 
A'LTARAGE, al'-t&r-aje. 90. n. s. [altaragium, 

Lat.] An emolument arising from oblations. Aij 

Me. 
A'CTAR-CLOTH, aF-tur-cl&th. re. s. [old Fr.] The 

cloth thrown over the altar. Peacham. 
A'LTAR-PIECE*, al'-tur-peese. n. s, A painting 

placed over the altar. Dr. Warton. 
A^/TARWISE*, al'-tur-wlze. ad. Placed or fashion- 
ed in the manner of an altar. Howell. 
ToA'LTER^ al'-lur. 418. v. a. [alter, Lat.] To 

change. Sliak. To take off from a persuasion. 

Dryden. 
To A'LTER, alMfir. v. re. To suffer change. 
ALTERABLE, al'-tfir-a-bl. a. That which may be 

changed by something else. Glanville. 
A'LTERABLENESS, al'-tur-a-bi-nSs. re. 5. The 

quality of being ^alterable, or admitting change. 
A'LTERABLY, alMur-a-ble. ad. In such a manner 

as maybe altered. 

82 



ALT 



A MA 



— n<\, move. n6r, 1161 ;— tulic, tub, bfill j— Ail ; — pfifind j — thin, this. 



ATL.TERAGE, al -tftr-ldge. 90. n.s. [froma/o.] The 

nourishing or fostering of a child. Sir J. Ihn-irs. 
A'LTERANT, al'-tftr-aat. 6S5. a. Whal has the 

power of producing changes 1 . Baron. 
ALTERA'TION, al'-tftr-a^hfta. n. s. The act of 

altering or changing. Hooker. The change made 
I r. Milton. 
A LTERATIVE, al'-tflr-a-tiv. a. Medicines which 

change the humours from a state of distemper alure 

to health. Quincti. 
ALTERATIVE*, al-tur-a-tiv. n. s. An alterative 

medioine. Burton. 
To ALTERCATE 5*, al'-tur-kate. v. n. [altercor, 

I. at.] To wrangle ; to contend with. 
ALTERCATION, al-tfir-ka'-shon. 84. n.s. De- 

bate ; controversy ; wrangle. Hooker. 

J)^* The first syllable of this word, and of the sixteen [25] 
tliat follow it, except [altliea and] although, are subject 
to a double pronunciation, between which it is net very 
easy to decide. There is a general rule in the lan- 
guage, that /. followed by another consonant, gives the 
preceding a its broad sound, as in salt. This rule is 
subject to several exceptions, 84 j and if we take in 
these words into the exceptions, there is some doubt of 
the exceptions becoming the general rule. But the a 
in question is now so generally pronounced as in the 
first syllable of alley, rullcy, &c. that we should risk 
the imputation of inaccuracy to sound it otherwise. 
.Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick,and Mr. Scott, are uniform- 
ly for this latter sound of a. Mr. Perry marks all in 
the same manner, except altercate, anil altercation ; 
ami W. Johnston has only the words allocation, and 
alternative, which he pronounces in the former man- 
ner. It is certain that the former was the true Anglo- 
Saxon sound, and it is highly probable that the latter 
has only obtained within these few years, in words ob- 
vi 3iisly derived from the Latin, as these are ; but there 
seems to be a grossness in one sound, and a neatness in 
the other, which has so decidedly given one of them 
the preference. W. 

ALTE'RN, al-tern'. 84, 98. a. [alternus, Lat.] Act- 
ing by turns. Milton. 

ALTE ; RNACY, al-teV-na-se. 84. n. s. Action per- 
formed bv turns. 

ALTE'RNAL* at-teV-nal. a. Alternative. 

ALTE'RNALLY* al-teV-nal-le. ad. By turns. 
May. J 

ALTE'RN ATE§,al-ter / -nale. 91. a. Being by turns; 
one after another; reciprocal. South. 

ALTERNATE, al-ter'-nate. n. s. What happens 
alternately: vicissitude. Prior. 

7b ALTE'RXATE^. al-ter'-nate. 91. v. a. [alter- 

. Ital.] To perform alternately. Milton. To 

change one thing for another reciprocally. Grew. 

To ALTE'RNATE*, al-ter'-nate. r. n. To succeed 
by turns. Philips. 

ALTE'RNATELY, al-ter'-nate-le. ad. In recipro- 
cal succession. Dn/den. 

ALTE'RNATENESS, al-tey-nite-nes. n. s. Quali- 
ty of being alternate, or in reciprocal succession. 
Diet. 

ALTERNATION, al-tQr-na'-shftn. 555. n. s. The 
reciprocal succession of things. Brown. The an 
swer of the congregation, speaking alternately 
with tne minister. Milton. Alternate performance, 
in the choral sense. Mason. 

ALTERNATIVE, al-teV-na-tiv. 158. n. s. The 
choice given of two things. Young. 

ALTERNATIVE*, al-ter'-na-tlv. 158. a. In an al- 
ternate manner. Hakewell. 

ALTERNATIVELY, al-teV-na-llv-le. ad. By turns. 
Aytiffe, 

ALTE'RNATIVENESS, al-teV-na-t/v-nes. [See 
Altercation.] n. s. Reciprocation. Diet. 

ALTE'RNITY, aJ-ter'-ne-te. 98. n.s. Reciprocal 
succession. Brown. 

ALTHE'A* al-ifte'-a. n. s. [iXdaia, Or.] A flower- 
ing shrub. Did. 

ALTHOUGH, U-thA'. 84. conj. Notwithstanding ; 
however. Hooker. See Though. 

ALT1GRADE, al'-te-grade. a. [alius and gradior, 
Lat.] Rising on high. Diet. 

ALTILOQUENCE^al-til'-l6-kwense. W.n.s. [altus, 
and loqiMr, Lat.] Pompous language. 



A I ,T1 M ETR\ . al-tlm'-me-tre. 518. n. s. [a/limetria, 

Lat.] Tlie art of measuring altitudes. 
ALTISONANT, al-tfs'-s6-nant. 518. ) a. [altisomts, 
ALTI'SONOUS, al-tls'-sd-rjfts. 614. \ Lat.] Pom- 

pous or lofty in sound. Evelyn, 
ALTITUDE, al'-te-tude. n. s. [alfitudo, Lat.] 

Height of place. Shak. The elevation of any of 

the lieavcnly bodies above the horizon. Brown. 

Situation with regard to lower things. Ray. 

Height of excellence. Swift. Height of degree. 

Shakspeare. 
ALTl'VOLANT, al-iiv'-v6-lant. P8. a. [altivolans, 

Lat.] High flying. Diet. 
ALTOGETHER, ai-tO-geTH'-fir. ad. Completely ; 

without restriction. Spenser. Conjunctly. Shak. 
ALTO-RELIEVO*, alMi-re-lee'-vd. n.s. [Ital.] 

That kind of relievo, in sculpture, which projects 

as much as the life. Hay. 
A'LUDEL AY-k-d&L 7i.s. [from a and hit um.] Alu- 

dels are subliming pots used in chymislry, without 

bottoms, and fitted into one another without luting. 

Qnincy. 
ALVEARY* aF-ve-a-re n. s. [alvearium, Lat.] A 

beehive. Barret. 
A'LUM$, al'-l&m. n.s. [alumen, Lat.] A mineral 

salt, of an acid taste, with a considerable degree 

of astringeney. Boyle. 
ALUM STONE, al'-liim-s'One. n.s. A stone or calx- 
used in surgery. Wiseman. 
A'LUMED*, al'-hWd. a. Mixed with alum. Burnt. 
ALUMINOUS, al-liV-me-nus. a. Relating to alum. 

Brown. 
ALUMISH* al'-lum-fsh. a. Having the nature of 

alum. Hist. Royal Society. 
ALUTA'TION*, al-u-ta'-shftn. n. s. [aluta, Lat.] 

The tamiing or dressing of leather. Diet. 
ALWAYS, al'-waze. 84. ad. Perpetually. Hooker. 

Constantly. Dryden. Sometimes written alway. 
A. M. Artium magister, or master of arts. Ante me- 
ridiem., i. e. before twelve o'clock at noon. 
AM, am. The first person of the verb to be. Exodus. 

See To Be. 
AMABFLITY, am-a-bil'-e-te 511, 527. n. s. [amahil- 
ifas. Lat.] Loveliness; the power of pleasing. Bp. 

Taylor. 
AMADETTO, am-a-det'-l6. n. s. A sort of pear. 
A'MADOT, am'-d-dot. 503. n. s. A sort of pear. 
AMA'IN, a-mane'. ad. With vehemence ; with vis:- 



AMALGAM§, a-mal'-gam. ) n. s. [amalgame, 

AMA'LGAMA/X-maY-gi-mL 81. ) Fr.] The mix- 
ture of metals procured by amalgamation. B. Jons 
To AMALGAMATE, a-mal'-ga-mate. v. a. To 
unite metals with quicksilver ; to make them soft 
and ductile. Burke. 

AMALGAMATION, a-mal-ga-ma'-shfin. 84. [See 
Alteration.] n. s. The act of amalgamating 

, metals. Bacon. 

I To AMALGAMS*, a-mal'-game. v. n. T; mix 
metals bv amalgamation. Chancer. 

To AMA'ND*, a-mand'. v. a. [amando, Lat.] To 
send one away. Cockeram. 

AMANDA'TION, am-an-d<V-shCin. 527. n. s. Con ,1 
ing on a message. 

A3JANUE'NSIS, a-man-iVen'-sk n. s. [Lat.] A 
person who writes what another dictates ; or copies 
what has been written. Burton. 

A'MARANTH, am'-a-ran/Zi. n. s. [amqrariSat*, 
Lat.] The name of a plant. In poetry, an im- 
aginary flower which never fades. Milton. 

AMARA / NTHINE,am-a-ran / -//i?n. 150. a. Consist- 
ing of amaranths. Pope. 

$5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, pronounce 
the i in the last syllable of this word short, as it is here 
marked. TV. 

AMA'RITUDE, a-mar'-re-lude. 81. n. s. [amaritudo, 
Lat.] Bitterness. Harrey. 

AMA'RULENCE, a-mar'-u-lense. 110. n. s. Bitter- 
ness. Diet. 

AMALULENTf, a-mar'-u-lent. a. Litter. 

AMA'SMENT, a-mas'-ment. n.s. Aheap; an ac- 
cumulation. Glanrillr. 

83 



AMB 



AMB 



03=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



To AMA'SS§, a-mas'. v. a. [amasser, Fr.] To col- 
lect in one heap or mass. Atterbury. To add one 
thing- to another. Brown. 

AMA'SS, a-mas'. n. s. [amas, Fr.] An assemblage. 
Wotton. 

To AMATE, a-mate'. to. n. [See Mate.] To ac- 
company. Spenser. Ob. J. To terrify ; to strike 
with horrour. {matter, old Fr. mactare, Lat.] Spen- 
ser. To perplex ; to discourage ; to puzzle, [ama- 
tis, old Fr. fatiguer.] Spenser. An old word. 

AMATE' UR*, am-a-tare'. [am-a-uW. Perry.'] 
n. s. [Fr.] A lover of any particular pursuit or sys- 
tem. Burke. 

J)^= As this is a French word, it will be expected that 
every polite speaker should give the last syllable the 
French sound : that which I have given, though not the 
exact pronunciation, approaches nearest to it. TV. 

AMATO'RCULIST, am-a-tcV-ku-list. n. s. [ama- 
torculus, Lat J A little insignificant lover. Diet. 

AMATO'RIAL*, am-a-t^-re-al. )a. Relating to 

AMATO'RIOUS* am-a-uV-re-us. ( love. Warton. 

A'MATORY, am'-a-tur-re. 512, 555. a. [amatorius, 
Lat.] Relating to love; causing love. Bp.Bramliall. 

AMAURO 1 SIS, am-aw-r6 / -sls. 520. n.s. [a/*aup<5oj.] 
A dimness of sight. Quiacy. 

To AMA'ZE §, a-maze'. v. a. [from a and maze.] 
To confuse with terrour. Ezek. xxxii. To put into 
confusion with wonder. Smith. To put into per- 
plexity. Sliakspeare. 

AMA'ZE, a-maze'. n.s. Astonishment; confusion, 
either of fear or wonder. Mitten. 

AMA'ZEDLY, a-ma'-zed-le. 364, ad. Confusedly ; 
with amazement. Sliakspeare. 

AMA'ZEDNESS, a-ma'-zed-nes. 365. n. s. Astonish- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 

AMA'ZEMENT, a-maze'-ment. n.s. Extreme fear; 
horrour. Spenser. Extreme dejection. Milton. 
Height of admiration. Waller. Astonishment. Acts. 

AMA'ZING, a-ma-'-zlng. participial a. Wonderful. 
Addison. 

AMA'ZINGLY, a-ma'-zlng-le. ad. Wonderfully. 
Watts. 

A'MAZON, am'-a-zun. 166. n. s. [a and jxa^og.] A 
race of women famous for valour, who inhabited 
Caucasus ; so called from their cutting off their 
breasts, to use their weapons better. A warlike 
woman ; a virago. Sliakspeare. 

55= This word has the accent on the first syllable, con- 
trary to the Latin original, which has it on the second; 
while the word Ambages has the same penultimate 
accent as in Latin. TV. 

AMAZONIAN* am-a-zi'-ne-un. a. Warlike. Sir 

T. Herbert. Relating to the Amazonians. Milton. 
A'MAZON-LIKE*, am'-a-z&n-llke. a. Resembling 

an Amazon. Bp. Hall. 
AMBA'GES, am-biV-jez. 503. n.s. [Lat.] A circuit 

of words ; a circumlocutory form of speech. 

Chaucer. 
AMBA'GIOUS, am-ba'-je-us. a. Circumlocutory ; 

perplexed ; tedious. Vict. 
AMBASSA'DE.am-bas-sade'. n.s. [ambassade, Fr.] 

Embassy. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
AMBA'SSADOUR§, am-bas'-sa-dfir. 418, n. s. [am- 

bassadeur, Fr.] A person sent in a publick manner 

from one sovereign power to another. Sliakspeare. 
AMBASSADRESS, am-bas'-sa-drSs. n. s. The 

lady of an ambassadour. Rowe. 
A'MBASSAGE, am'-bas-saje. 90. n.s. An embassy. 

Bacon. 
A'MBASSY*, am'-bas-se. n. s. An embassy. Mir. 
A/MBER $, am'-b&r. 98. n. s. [ambar, Arab.] A yellow 

transparent substance, of a gummous or bituminous 

consistence, but a resinous taste, and a smell like 

oil of turpentine; chiefly found in the Baltick sea, 

along the coasts of Prussia. Chambers. 
A'MBER, am'-bur. a. Consisting of amber. Sliak. 
To A'MBER*, am'-bur. v, a. To scent with amber. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
AMBER-DRINK, am'-bUr-drlnk. n. s. Drink of the 

colour of amber. Bacon. 
A'MBER-DROPPING*, iW-bur-drop-pmg. part. a. 
Dropping amber. Milton. 



A'MBERGRIS, am'-bur-grese. 112. n. s. [amber, 
and gris.] A fragrant drug, of a grayish colour, 
used both as a perfume and a cordial. Chambers. 

A'MBER-SEED, am'-bfir-seed. n. s. Called also 
musk-seed. It resembles millet. 

A'MBER-TREE, am'-bar-tree. n.s. A shrub whose 
beauty is in its small evergreen leaves, which 
emit, when bruised, a very fragrant odour. 

A'MBER- WEEPING*, am'-bur-weep-mg. a. [am- 
ber and weep.] Crashaw. 

AMBIDEXTER, am-be-dex'-tgr. n. s. [Lat.] A 
man having equally the use of both hands. Brown. 
Equally ready to act on either side, in disputes. 
Gamage 

AMBIDEXTE'RITY, am-be-dex-ter'-re-te. n. s. 
Ability to use both hands equally. Double dealing. 

AMBIDE'XTROUS, am-be-dex'-trus. a. Having 
the use of either hand. Brown. Double dealing. 
I? Estrange. 

AMBIDE'XTROUSNESS, am-be-dex'-trus-nSs. 
n. s. The quality of being ambidextrous. Diet. 

A'MBIENT, am'-be-ent. a. [ambiens, Lat.] Sur- 
rounding ; encompassing. Milton. 

A'MBIG U, am'-be-gii. n. s. [Fr.] A medley of 
dishes set on together. King. 

AMBIGUITY, am-be-giV-e-te. n.s. Doubtfulness of 
meaning. Hooker. 

AMBFGUOUS$, am-big'-u-ds. a. [ambiguus, Lat.] 
Doubtful ; having two meanings. Milton. Applied 
to persons using doubtful expressions. Dryden. 

AMBFGUOUSLY^m-blg'-u-us-le. ad. Doubtfully; 
uncertainly. Bp. Bancroft. 

AMBFGUOUSNESS, am-bfg'-u-us-nSs. n. s. Un- 
certainty of meaning. 

AMBFLOGY, am-bilM6-je. 518. n. s. [amho, Lat. 
and \oyos, Gr.] Talk of ambiguous signification. 
Diet. 

AMBFLOQUOUS, am-biF-16-kwus. 518. a. [amho 
and loquor, Lat.] Using ambiguous expressions 
Diet. 

AMBFLOQUY, am-blF-6-kwe. n. s. The use of 
doubtful expressions. Diet. 

A'MBIT, am'-blt. n. s. [ambitus, Lat.] The compass 
or circuit of any thing. Grew. 

AMBFTION$ 7 am'-b'feh-un. 507. n. s. [ambitio 
Lat.] The desire of something higher than is pos- 
sessed. Sidney. The desire of any thing great or 
excellent. Davies. Going about with studiousness 
to obtain praise, [amhio, Lat.] Milton. 

AMBFTIOUS, am-bish'-us. 459. a. Seized with am 
bition. Donne. Aspiring. Sliakspeare. 

AMBITIOUSLY, am-bisV-us-le. ad. In an ambi 
tious manner. Dryden. 

AMBFTIOUSNESS, am-bish'-us-nes. n. s. The 
quality of being ambitious. 

A'MBITUDE, am'-be-tude. 463. n. s. Compass ; 
circuit. Diet. 

To A'MBLE §, am'-bl. 405. v. n. [ambler, Fr.] To 
move upon an amble. Dryden. To move 
easily. Slmk. To walk daintily and affectedly. 
Sliakspeare. 

A'MBLE, am'-bl. 405. n. s. A pace or movement, in 
which the horse removes both his legs on one side. 
Chaucer. 

A'MBLER, am'-blur. 98. n. s. A pacer. Howell. 

A'MBLINGLY, am'-bl'mg-le. ad. With an ambling 
movement. 

A'MBO*, am'-b6. n. s. [au/3wv, Gr.] A reading 
desk, or pulpit. Sir G. Wheler. 

AMBRO'SIA, am-br6'-zhe-a. 505. n. s. [arfpocia, 
Gr.] The imaginary food of pretended gods. Mil- 
ton. The name of a plant, formerly written am- 
brose. Burton. Miller. 

$5= Mr. Sheridan has pronounced this and the following 
word am-bro~sha, and am-bro-shal. Dr. Kenrick has 
divided them into the same number of syllables, but has 
given the s the flat aspiration, like ih. That this is 
the true sound, see letter S, No. 453 ; and vhat these 
words ought to be divided into four syllables, see Syl- 
labication, No. 542, 543. TV. 

AMBROSIAL, am-br6'-zhe-al. a. Of the nature of 

ambrosia. Milton. 

84 



A ME 



AMI 



— no, move, n6r, not ; — lube, tub, bull ; — fill ; — pdund ; — thin, this. 



AMBRO'SIACK*. am-bro'-zhe-ak. a. Delicious, 
ike ambrosia. B. Jonson. 

AMBRO/S1AN*, am-br6 / -zhe-an. «. Sweet as am- 
brosia. B. Jonson. 

A MBRY. am'-bre. n. s. The place where the almo- 
ner lives, or alms are distributed. The place 
where utensils for house-keeping are kept ; a cup- 
board tor keeping cold victuals. See Almonry. 

AMBS-ACE, ainz^-ase'. 347. n. s. A double ace ; 
when two dice turn up the ace. Sliakspeare. 

Tn AMBULATE $*, am'-bu-late. v. n. [ambulo, 
Lat.] To move hither and thither. Gower. 

AMBULATION, am-bu-la'-shnn. n. s. The act of 
walking. Brown. 

AMBULATES*, am'-bu-la-tlv. a. Walking. Sher- 

fOOOi I. 

A MBULATORY, am'-bu-la-tur-re. 512. a. Having 
the power of walking. Wilkins. That which hap- 
pens during a passage or walk. Wotton. Mova- 
ble ; a court which removes from place to place 
for the exercise of its jurisdiction. Howell. 

A MBULATORY*, am'-bu-la-tur-re. n. s. A place 
for walking. Wartoa. 

A'MBURY," am'-bii-re. n. s. [ampp.e, Sax.] A 
bloodv wart on any part of a horse s body. 

AMBUSCA'DE, am-bus-kade'. n. s. [embuscade, 
Fr.] A private station in which men lie to surprise 
others; ambush. Dry den. See Ambush. 

AMBUSCA DO, am-bus-ka / -d6. 77. n. s. A private 
post, in order to surprise an enemv. Shakspeare. 

AMBUSCA'DOED* am-bfis-ka'-ddde. a. Privately 
posted. Sir T. Herbert. 

A'MBU3H$,am'-b&sh. 175. 7i.s. [embusche,Fr.] The 
post where soldiers are placed, in order to fall un- 
expectedly upon an enemy. Hayward. The act of 
surprising another by lying in wait. Milton. The I 
state of being posted privately, in order to surprise. 

To A'MBUSH*, am'-bush. v. a. To place in ambush. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

A'MBUSHED, am'-bush-ed. 359. a. Placed in am- 
bush. Druden. 

A'MBUSHMENT, am'-bush-ment. n. s. Ambush ; 
surprise. Spenser. Ob. J. Ambush'ment, in poetry. 

AMBU'ST §, am-bfist'. a. [ambustus, Lat.] Burnt; 
scalded. Diet. 

AMBU STION. am-bus'-tshun. 464. n. s. A burn, or 
scald. Diet. Cockeram. 

A' MEL, am'-mel. n.s.* [emailler, email, Fr.] The 
matter for enamelling. Boyle. 

To AMELIORATE K a-meMe-6-rate. v. a. \ame- 
liorer. Fr.] To improve. Swinburne. 

AMELIORATION*, a-me-le-o-ra'-shfin. n. s. Im- 
provement. A. Smith. Burke. 

A'MELLED*, iW-mel-ed. part. a. Enamelled. G. 
Chapman. See Enamel. 

A 1 MEN, a^men'. ad. [pN, Heb.] A term used in 
devotions, meaning, at the end ot a pra} r er, so be it ; 
at the end of a creed, so it is. Psalm xh. 

Ji^rThis is t'ie only word in the language that has neces- 
sarily two consecutive accents. — See Principles, No. 
491. TV. 

AMEN*, a'-men'. n. s. These things saith the Amen. 
■ for. iii. 14. 

AMENABLE, a-me'-na-bl. 405. a. Responsible. Sir 

J. Doxies. 
To A'MENAGE* am'-e-naje. n. a. [ameneir, Fr.] 
To direct or manage by force. Spenser. 

A/MENANCE. a-me'-nanse. n.s. [amoenus, Lat.] 

Conduct ; behaviour ; mien. Spenser. Ob. J. 

ToAMEWVS, a-mend'. v. a. [cmendo, Lat.] To 

correc;. Wicklitfe. To reform the life. Jerem. 

T ? restore passages in writers, which are depraved. 

Warw&Kn. 

To AML'IS D, a-mend'. v. n. To grow better. Sidney. 

AME'NPABLE* a-mend'-a-bl. a. Reparable. Sher- 

v-ood 
AME'NDE, a-mend 7 . n.s. [Fr.] A fine, by which 

recompense is made for the fault committed. 
AME'NDER, a-men'-dur. 98. n. s. A corrector. 

Barret. 
AME'NDFUL*, a-mend'-ful. a. Full of improve- 
ment. Beaumont and Fletcherr. 



AMENDING*, a-mend'-fag. n. s. The act of cor 
recting. Bp. Taylor. 

AMENDMENT, a-mend'-ment. n. s. A change 
from bad to better. Druden. Reformation of lite. 
Hooker. Recovery of health. Shakspeare. 

AMENDMENT, a-mend'-ment. n. s. In law, the cor- 
rection of an errour committed in a process. 
Blount. 

AME'NDS, a-mendz'. n. s. [Corrupted from amende, 
Fr.] Recompense; compensation. Shakspeare. 

AME'NITY, a-meV-ne-te.511. n.s. [amcenitas, Lat.] 
Pleasantness; agreeableness of situation. Brown. 
Applied also to manners or behaviour. 

AMENTACEOUS, a-men-ta'-shus. 357. a. [amenta- 
tus, Lat.] Hanging as by a thread. Miller. 

AMENTY*, a-men'-te. n. s. [amende, Fr.] Madness. 
Did. 

To AMERCES, a-merse'. v. a. [amercier, Fr.] To 
punish with a pecuniar}' penalty. Bp. Ellys. 

AME'RCEABLE*, a-merse'-a-bl. a. Liable to 
amercement. Hale. 

AMERCEMENT, a-merse'-ment. n. s. The pecu- 
niary punishment of an offender. Cowel. Punish- 
ment or loss in general. Milton. 

AME'RCER, a-mer'-sfir. 98. n. s. He that sets a fine 
upon any misdemeanour. 

AMERCIAMENT*, a-mersh'-e-a-ment. n. s. The 
same as amercement in the juridical sense. Selden. 

AME'RICAN*, a-meV-re-kan. n.s. A native of 
America. Milton. 

AMERICAN*, a-meV-re-kan. a. Relating to Ameri- 
ca. Sir T. Herbert. 

AMES- ACE, amz-ase'. n. s. [a corruption of the 
word ambs-ace^ Two aces on two dice. Dry den. 

A'MESS, am'-mes. n. s. [from amice.'] A priest's vest- 
ment. Diet. 

AMETHO'DICAL, a-me-tfi&d'-e-kal. a. Out of 
method ; irregular. 

AMETHODlST* a-meZ,V-6-dist. n. s. [See Meth- 
odist.] A physician who does not practise by the- 
ory ; a quack. Wliitlock. 

A'METHYST§, im'-e-thht. n. s. [aueOvcros.'] A 
precious stone of a violet colour, bordering on pur- 
ple. Clutmbers. 

A'METHYST, am'-e-^lst, [in heraldry] signifies 
the same colour in a nobleman's coat, that purpure 
does in a gentleman's. 

AMETHYSTINE, am-e-^ls'-tln. 140. a. Resem- 
bling an amethyst in colour. Grew. 

A 7 MIABLE§ .a'-me-a-bl. 405. a. [aimable, Fr.] Love- 
ly ; pleasing. Hooker. Pretending love ; showing 
love. Sliak. Pleasant ; elegant to the eye. Sir T. 
Herbert. Friendly. Ld. Herbert. 

A'MIABLENESS/a'-me-a-bl-nes. n. s. Loveliness. 
Burton. 

A'MIABILITY*, a'-me-a-bll'-le-te. See Amabil- 

ITY. 

A'MIABLY, a'-me-a-ble. ad. In an amiable manner. 
Blackwall. Pleasingly. Sir T. Herbert. 

A'MICABLE$, anV-me-ka-bl. 405. a. Friendly 5 
kind. Pope. 

A'MICABLENESS, anV-me-ka-bl-nes. n.s. Frieud- 
liress ; good will. 

A'MICABLY, am'-e-ka-ble. ad. In an amicable 
manner. Philips. 

A'MICE, am'-mk 142. n. s. \amktus, Lat.] The 
first or undermost part of a priest's habit, over 
which he wears the alb. Milton. 

AMFD, a-mld 7 . )prep. [on-mibbanj Sax.] In 

AMFDST^-mldst'. $ the midst. Milton. Mingled 
with. Sidney. Amongst. Addison. 

AMFSS, a-mV. ad. Faulty ; criminal. Sliak. Fault- 
ily; criminally. Hooker. In an ill sense. Fair- 
fax. Wrong; improper. Hooker. Not according 
to the perfection of the thing, whatever it be. Dry- 
den. Reproachful; irreverent. Daniel, iii. Irn^ 
paired in health. 

AMFSS*. a-nnV. n. s. Culpability; fault. Sliak. 

AMFSSION, a-rofeh'-un. n. s. [amissio, Lat.] Loss. 
More. 

To AMl'T, a-nnV, v. cu To lose. Brown. Little io. 



85 



AMO 



AMU 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



AMITY, am'-me-te. 511. n. s. [amitie, Fr.] Friend- 
ship. Hooker. 
AMMIRAL* am'-me-ral. See Admiral. 
AMMONIA, am-nnV-ne-a. n. s. Volatile alkali. 
Parlces' Clujmistry. 

AMMONI'AC§, am-m6'-ne-ak. 505. n. s. The 
name of two drugs, Gum Ammoniac, and Sal 
Ammoniac. Clumbers. 

AMMONI'ACAL, am-md-nl'-a-kal. 506. a. Having 
the properties of ammoniac salt. Arbuthnot. 

AMMUNITION, am-mu-nislv'-un. n.s. fcnunitio.] 
Military stores. Bacon. 

AMMUNITION BREAD, am-mu-ruW-un-brgd. 
n. s. Bread for the armies or garrisons. 

AMNESTY, am'-nSs-te. n. s. [d/^orta.] An act of 
oblivion. Bp. Sanderson. 

AMNFCOLIST, am-nlk'-k^list. n. s. [amnicola, 
Lat] Inhabiting near a river. Diet. 

AMNFGENOUS^am-nld'-je-nus. 814. n.s. [amnige- 
mts, Lat.] Born of a river. Diet. 

AMNION, km' -nh-on. )n. s. [Gr.] The inner- 

A'MNIOS, am'-ne-os. 166. ) most membrane with 
which the foetus in the womb is covered. Quincy. 

AMO 1 MUM, a-imV-mum. n. s. [Lat.] A sort of fruit 
of a hot spicy taste and smell. Chambers. 

AMO'NG, a-mung 7 . ) 165. prep, [aman£, £e- 

AMCNGST, a-mungst'. \ man£, Sax.] Minded 
with. Bacon. Oonjoined with others. Dryden. 

AMORET*, am'-d-reH. n.s. [amoretto, Ital.] A lover. 
Gayton. 

AMORETTE*, am-6-reY. ) n. s. An amorous 

AMOURETTE*, am-63-reV.$ woman. Chaucer. 
Love-knots, or flowers. Cliaucer. Petty amours. 
Walsh. 

AMORIST, W-i-rfst. n. s. An inamorato ; a gal- 
lant. Stafford. 

AMORNINGS* a-mS^-nrngs. ad. In the mornings. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

AMORO'SA*, am-6-r6'-ba. n. s. [Ital.] A wanton. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

AMORO'SO, km-6-rb'sb. n. s. [Ital.] A man en- 
amoured. Gayton. 

AMOROUS §, W-6-rus. 544. a. In love ; enamour- 
ed. SJutk. Naturally inclined to love. Dryden 
Relating to love. Shalcspeare. 

AMOROUSLY, am^-r&s-le. ad. Fondly; lovingly 
Donne. 

AMOROUSNESS, am'-6-rus-ngs. n. s. The quality 
of being amorous ; fondness ; lovingness. Sidney. 

AMORPHOUS* a-mSr'-f us. a. Shapeless. 

AMO'RPHY*, a-mdr'-fe. n.s. [/lop^, and the a priv- 
ative, Gr.] Departure from established form. 
Swift. 

AMO'RT, a-mSrt'. ad. [a la mort, Fr.] In the state 
of the dead: dejected. Shalcspeare. 

AMORTIZATION, a-mSr-te-za'-shun. \ „ . 

AMORTIZEMENT, a-imV-tfz-ment. \ n ' 5 ' 
[amoiiissement, Fr.] The right of transferring lands 
to mortmain; that is. to some community that never 
is to cease. Aylifle. 

To AMO'RTIZEfy a-mSr'-tlz. 140. v. a. To alien 
lands or tenements to any corporation, and their 
successors. Bacon. 

QCri have made the last syllable of this word short, con- 
trary to Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of it, not only be- 
cause it is so pronounced by Mr. Scott and Dr. Kenrick, 
but because it is agreeable to the general rule. W. 

AMO'TION* a-mo'-shun. n.s. [amotio, Lat.] Re- 
moval. T* Warton. 

AMO'VAL*, a-mo&'-val. n. s. Total removal. Evelyn. 

To AMOVE §, a-modve'. v. a. [amoveo, Lat.] To 
remove from a post or station : a juridical sense. 
Hale. To remove ; to move. Spenser. 

To AMCUNTS, a-m6unt'. v. n. [monter, Fr.] To 
rise to in the accumulative quantity ; to compose in 
the whole. Burnet. The consequence rising from 
any thing taken altogether. Bacon. To mount 
upwards. Obsolete. Peacham. 

AMO'UNT, a-mSunt'. n.s. The sum total. Tliom- 
son. 

AMO'UR, a-mSSr 7 . n. s. [amour, Fr.] An affair of 
gallantry ; an intrigue. South. 



AMPER, am'-pur. 98. n. s. [amppe, Sax.] A tu- 
mour, with inflammation. 

AMPHFBIOUS§,am-flb'-e-us. a. [d>0 £ and (Ji os .] 
That which lives in two elements, as in air and 
water. Hudibras. Locke. Of a mixed nature. Swift. 

AMPHFBIOUSNESS, am-Hb'-e-us-nes. n. s. The 
quality of being able to live in different elements. 

AMPHI'BIUM*, am-flb'-e-um. n. s. That which 
lives as well on water as on land. Sir T. Herbert. 

AMPHIBOLOGICAL, am-fe^-tfd'-je-kal. 509. a. 
Doubtful. Burton. 

AMPHIBQLO'GICALLY, am-fe-bo-l&d'-je-kal-le. 
ad. Doubtfully. 

AMPHIBOLOGY ^am-fe-bol'-o-je. n.s. [d>0 ( /? o - 
XoytaJ Discourse of uncertain meaning. Chaucer. 

AMPHIBOLOUS, am-flb'-b6-lus. a. [a)ifi and 
(3d\\u).~\ Tossed from one to another. Howell. 

AMPHFBOLY§*=, am-fnV-b6-le. n.s. Discourse of 
various meaning. B. Jonson. 

AMPHFLOGY, am-fn'-i-je. n.s. [d>0i and \6yos.] 
Equivocation, ambiguit}'. Diet. 

AMPHISB2t'NA, am-f is-be'-na. 92. n. s. [Lat.] 
A serpent supposed to have two heads. Broun. 

AMPHFSCII,km-nsh'-k-\.n.s. [dixftvKioi.] People 
dwelling in climates, wherein the shadows, at dif- 
ferent times of the year, fall both ways ; that is, in 
the torrid zone. 

AMPHITHEATRES, am-fe-^e'-a-tur. 516. n.s. 
[afjupidiaT^ov.] A building in a circular or oval 
form, having its area encompassed with rows of 
seats one above another. Dryden. 

AMPHITHEATRICAL*, am-fe-tf?e-at'-tre-kal. a. 
Relating to exhibitions in an amphitheatre. Warton. 

AMPLER am'-pl. 405. a. [amplus, Lat.] Large; 

. wide ; extended. Thomson. Great in bulk. Shak. 
Unlimited. Dryden. Liberal ; large. Hooker. 
Magnificent ; splendid. Clarendon. Diffusive ; not 
contracted ; as, an ample narrative. 

AMPLENESS, am'-pl-n&s. n. s. Largeness ; splen- 
dour. Stapleton. South. 

To AMPLIATE, am'-ple-ate. v. a. [amplio, Lat.] 
To enlarge ; to extend. Brown. 

AMPLIATION, am-ple-a'-shun. n. s. Enlargement. 
Aylifle. Diffuseness. Holder. 

To AMPLFFICATE, am-pl)f-£-kate. v. a. \amplifi- 
co, Lat.] To enlarge ; to amplify. Diet. 

AMPLIFICATION, am-ple-ie-ka'-shun. n. s. En- 
largement; extension. Reid. Diffuse narrative. 
Davies. 

AMPLIFIER, am'-ple-fl-ur. 98. n.s. One that en- 
larges any thing ; one that exaggerates. Sidney. 

To AMPLIFY, am'-ple-fl. 183. v. a. To enlarge. 
Bacon. To extend any thing incorporeal. Raleigh. 
To exaggerate any thing. Slunk. To improve "by 
new additions. Dryden. 

To AMPLIFY, am'-ple-fl. v. n. To speak largely in 
many words. Watts. To form large representa 
tions. Brown. 

AMPLITUDE, am'-ple-tude. n.s. Extent. Glan- 
ville. Largeness; greatness. Bacon. Capacity 
Milton. Splendour. Bacon. Copiousness; abun- 
dance. Watts. Amplitude of tlie range of a projec- 
tile, denotes the horizontal line subtending the path 
in which it moved. Amplitude, in astronomy, an 
arch of the horizon, intercepted between the true 
east and west point thereof, and the centre of the 
star at its rising or setting. Magnetical amplitude, 
is an arch of the horizon contained between the sun 
at his rising, and the east or west point of the com- 
pass. Chambers. 
AMPLY, am'-ple. ad. Largely ; liberally. Milton. 
At large ; without reserve. Milton. At large ; 
copiously. Dryden. 

To AMPUTATE §, am'-pii-tate. v. a. [amputo, Lat.} 

To cut off a limb. Wiseman. 
AMPUTA'TION, am-pu-ta / -shfin. n. s. The opera- 
tion of cutting off a limb, or other part of the body* 
Chambers. 
AMULET, am'-u-lel. n. s. [amulette, Fr.] An ap- 
pended remedy, or preservative; a thing hung 
about the neck, for preventing or curing diseases., 
Brown. 



ANA 



ANA 



— no, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pound ; — thin, THis. 



AMURCCSITYj a-mur-kiV-e-te. 7?. ... [amurca 
Lat.] The quality of lees or mother of any thing 
Diet. 
To AMU'SE§, a-miW. v. a. [qmuser, Fr.] To en- 
tertain with tranquillity. Donne. To draw on from 
time to time; to keep in expectation. Spenser. 

To AMU'SE*, a-muze'. v. n. To muse, or meditate. 
7. e. 

AMU'SEMENT, a-miW-ment. n. s. That which 
amuses. Rogers. Profound meditation. Fleet- 
wood. 

AMU SER. a-nuV-zur. n. s He that amuses. 

AMUSINGLY*, a-nnV-zing-Ie. ad. h\ an amusing 
manner. 

AMU'SIVE, a-mi'-s!y. 158, 428. a. That which has 
the power of amusing*. Tlwmson. 

AMU'SIVELY*, a-nW-stv-Ie. ad. In an amusive 
manner. Chandler. 

AMY'GDALATE, a-mlg'-da-late. a. {amygdala, 
Lat.] Made of almonds. 

AMY* GD ALINE, a-mig'-da-llne. 149. a. Resem- 
bling* aXnonds. 

AN, an. ait. The article indefinite, used before a 
vowel, or h mute. See A. One. Locke. Any, or 
some. Pope. If. Sliakspeare. 

gj= This indefinite, and, as it may be called, the euphonick 
article, is said by all our grammarians to be used be- 
fore a vowel or h mute; but no notice is taken of using 
a instead of it before what is called a vowel, as a useful 
book, a useful ceremony, a usurer, &c. nor is any men- 
tion made of its constant usage before h when it is not 
mute, if the accent of the word be on the second sylla- 
ble, as, an heroick action, an historical account, &c. 
This want of accuracy arises from a want of analyzing 
the vowels, and not attending sufficiently to the influ- 
ence cf accent on pronunciation. A proper investiga- 
tion of the power of the vowels would have informed 
our grammarians, that the letter u, when long, is not 
so properly a vowel as a semi-consonant, and perfectly 
equivalent to commencing y, 8 ; and that a feeling of 
this has insensibly influenced the best speakers to prefix 
a to it in their conversation, while a confused idea of 
the general rule, arising from an ignorance of the nature 
of the letters, has generally induced them to prefix an 
to it in writing. The same observations are applicable 
to the h. The ear alone tells us, that, before heroick, 
historical, ficc. the an ought invariably to be used ; but 
by not discovering that it is the absence of accent on 
the h that makes an admissible in Miese words, we are 
apt to prefix an to words where the h is sounded, as, an 
horse, an house, &c. and thus set our spoken and writ- 
ten language at variance. This seems better to ac- 
count for the want of accuracy in this article than a 
conjecture I once heard from Dr. Johnson, that our an- 
cestors, particularly in the time of the Spectator, where 
this misapplication of the article frequently occurs, did 
not pronounce the h at the beginning of words so often 
as we do. However this may be, it seems necessary to 
a correctness of language to make our orthography and 
pronunciation as consistent as possible: for which pur- 
pose it may not be useless to attend to the following 
general rules. The article A must be used before all 
words beginning with a consonant, and before the vowel 
« when long : and the article An must be used before 
all words beginning with a vowel, except long u ; be- 
fore words beginning with h mute, as, an hour, an heir, 
&c. or before words where the h is not mute, if the ac- 
cent be on the second syllable, as, an heroick action, an 
historical account, &c. For the few words in our lan- 
guage where the h is mute, see this letter in the Princi- 
ples, No. 394: and for a just idea of the letter u, and 
the reason why it admits of a before it, when long, see 
Principles, No. 8, and the notes upon it. W. 

A'NA, cV-na. ad. [dva.] A word used in the prescrip- 
tions of physick, importing the like quantity. Cow- 
ley. 

A'NA, a'-na. n. s. Books so called from the last syl- 
lables of their titles 5 as, Scaligerana. West. They 
are loose thoughts, dropped by eminent men, and 
collected by their friends. 

ANABATT1SM* an-a-bap'-tlzm. n.s. The doctrine 
of Anabaptists. Featleij. 

ANABA-TTIST* an-a-bap'-t?st. n. s. [avd and /feir- 
n£w.] One who allows of, and maintains re-baptiz- 
ing. South. 

ANABAPTFSTLCAL* an-a-bap-uV-te-kal. a. Re- 
lating to the notions of Anabaptists. Milton. 



ANABAPTPSTICK*, an-a-bap-uV-dk. a. Anabap 
tistical. Bull. 

ANABA'PTISTRY*, an-a-bV-ds-tre. n. s. The 
sect of the Anabaptists. Pagitt. 

To ANABA'PT1ZE$*, an-a-bap'-tlze. v. a. To re- 
baptize. Wiitlock. 

ANACA'MPTICK, an-a-kanV-tik. a. [avaKduTt™.] 



Reflecting, or reflected. 
ANACA'lMPTICKS, an-a-kam'-dks. n. 



The doc- 



trine of reflected light, or catoptricks. 

ANACATHA'RTICK, an-a-ka-tftar'-dk. n. s. Any 
medicine that works upwards. Quinaj. 

ANACEPHAL^EO'SIS, an-a-sef / -a-le-6 / -sls. n. s. 
[avaKE^aXdiwcu.] Recapitulation, or summary of 
the heads of a discourse. Smith. 

ANA'CHORETE §. an-ak'-A-rete. ? n. s. [<Wu>- 

ANA / CHORITE, au-ak / -6-rlte. 155. \ p^?.] A 
monk, who leaves the convent for a solitary life. 
Donne. 

ANACHGRE'TICAL*, an-a-ki-ref-e-kal. a. Re- 
lating to an anachorete or hermit. Bp. Taylor. 

ANACHRONISMS, an-ak / -kr6-nfzm. n. s. [from dvd 
and ^odvosi] Errour in computing time. Dryden. 

ANA'CHRONFSTICK*, an-ak'-kro-inV-dk. a. Con- 
taining an anachronism. Warton. 

ANACLA'TICKS, an-a-klat'-Iks. n. s. [dvd and 
K\da).~\ The doctrine of refracted light; diop- 
tricks. 

ANACOENO'SIS*, an-a-se-n6 / -sls. n. s. [avaicoivu- 
<ris, Gr.J A figure in rhetorick, by which the speak- 
er applies to his opponents for their opinion upon 
the point in debate. Walker. 

ANACREOiNTIQUE*,k-\-&k-rh-t>n l -i\k. n.s. A 
little poem in the manner of Anacreon. Johnson. 

A'NADEME* an'-a-deme. n. s. [avaSvua, Gr.] 
Crown of flowers. Drayton. 

AN AD IP LO 1 SIS, an-a-de-plo'-sk 520. n. s. [dva- 
SnrXwfc .] Reduplication ; a figure in rhetorick. 

A'NAGLYPH*, an'-a-gllf. n. s. [dvd and y\v(f><a, Gr.] 
An ornament effected by sculpture. 

ANAGLY-TTICK*, an-a-gfipMlk. n. s. What re- 
lates to the art of carving, chasing, engraving, or 
embossing plate. Evelyn. 

ANAGOGE'TICAL, an-a-go-jeV-e-kdl. a. [dva- 
yd>yn.~\ Mysterious ; elevated above humanity. 
Diet. 

ANAGO'GICAL, an-a-godje'-e-kal. a. Mysterious; 
elevated ; religiously exalted. Cockeram. 

ANALOGICALLY, an-a-godje'-e-kal-le. ad. Mys- 
teriously. 

ANAGO'GICKS*, an-a-g6djV-iks. n. s. Mysterious 
considerations. L. Addison. 

A-NAGRAM§, an'-a-gram. n.s. [dvd and ypduua.] 
A conceit arising from the letters of a name transpos- 
ed ; as this, of W, i, I, I, i, a, m, N, o, y, attorney- 
general to Charles I., a very laborious man, Imoyl 
in law. Donne. 

ANAGRAMMA'TICAL* an-a-gram-mat'-e-kal. a. 
Forming an anagram. Camden. 

ANAGRAfllMA-TICALLY* an-a-gram-mat'-e- 
kal-e. ad. In the manner of an anagram. Gayton. 

ANAGRA'MMATISM, an-a-grW-ma-tfzm. 434. 
n. s. The act of making anagrams. Camden. 

ANAGRA'MMATIST, an-a-grW-ma-tist. n. s. A 
maker of anagrams. Gamao-e. 

To ANAGRA'MMATIZE, an-a-grW-ma-tize. 
v. n. To make anagrams. Sir T. Herbert. 

A'NALECTS* an'-a-lekts. Collections or fragments 
of authors ; select pieces. 

ANALEPTICK, an-a-lep'-tik. a. [AvaKfaTiKos.] 
Comforting ; corroborating : a term of physick. 
Quincy. 

ANA-XOGAL, an-al'-lA-gal. a. Analogous; having 
relation. Hale. 

ANALOGICAL. an-a-l6dje / -e-kal. a. Used by way 
of analogy. Stillingfleet. Analogous. Hale. 

ANALOGICALLY, an-a-lodjV-e-kal-e. ad. In an 
analogous manner. Potter. 

ANALOGICALNESS, an-a-lodje'-e-kal-nes. n.s. 
The quality of being analogical. 

ANA-XOGISM, an-aP-16-jlzm. n. 
from the cause to the effect. 



An argument 



ANA 



ANC 



ttT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin y— 



To ANALOGIZE, a-nalM6-jlze. v. a. To explain 
by way of analogy. Clieyne. 

ANALOGOUS, a-nalMo-g&s. 314. a. Having analo- 
gy; bearing some resemblance. Arbuthnot. 

ANALOGOUSLY*, a-naF-16-gus-le. ad. In an 
analogous manner. Skelton. 

ANALOGY §, a-nal'-l6-je. 518. n.s. [dvaXoyia.] 
The similitude of relations. Hooker. By gramma- 
rians, it is used to signify the agreement of several 
words in one common mode ; as, from love is form- 
ed loved. 

ANALYSIS §, a-nalMe-s?s. 520. n.s. A separation 
of a compound body into the several parts of which 
it consists. Arbitthnot. A consideration of any 
thing in parts. Newton. A solution of any thing to 
its first elements. Gianville. 

A'NALYST*, an'-a-tfst. n. s. He who analyzes a 
thing. Bp. Berkeley. 

ANALYTICAL, an-a-tiV-te-kal. a. That which re- 
solves any thing into first principles. Boyle. That 
which proceeds by analysis. Gianville. 

ANALYTICALLY, an-a-hY-te-kal-le. ad. In such 
a manner as separates compounds into simples. 
Oldisworth. 

ANALY'TICK, an-a-nY-ik. a. The manner of re- 
solving compounds into the simple constituent parts. 
Watts. 

ANALY'TICK*, an-a-llt'-ik. n.s. Analytick method. 
Milton. 

To ANALY'ZE §, an'-a-llze. v. a. [dvaAiwJ To re- 
solve a compound into its first principles. Boyle. 

ANALY'ZER, an'4-ll-zur. 98. n. s. That which has 
the power of analyzing. Boyle He who analyzes. 
Student. 

ANAMORPHOSIS, an-a-m6r-fiy.sk n. s. [ivd 
and fiop(p6u.~] Deformation 5 a perspective projec- 
tion of any thing, so that to the eye, at one point of 
view, it shall appear deformed, in . another, an ex- 
act representation. 

$£r I have accented this word on the penultimate, as Dr. 
Johnson and Mr. Sheridan have done ; as it is a techni- 
cal word, and not naturalized, like metamorphosis. — See 
Principles, No. 520. W. 

ANA 1 N AS, a-na'-nas. n. s. The pine apple. Miller. 
ANA'NAS, wild, a-na ; -nas. n. s. The same with 

penguin. 
A'NAPEST* an'-a-pest. n. s. [dvavalo-rog, Gr.] A 
metrical foot, containing two short syllables and 
one long ; or a dactyle reversed. Sir J. Davies. 
ANAPE'STICK^an-a-pes'-tk. a. Relating to the 

anapest. Bentley. 
ANAPE'STICK* an-a-pes'-tik. n.s. The anapestick 

measure. Bentley. 
ANA'PHORA, a-naP-f6-ra. 92. n. s. [dvafopa.] A 
figure, when several clauses of a sentence are be- 
gun with the same word or sound. 
ANAPLERO'TlCK.an-a-ple-r&t'-lk.a.tdvaTX^du;.] 

That which fills up any vacuity. 
ANARCH?, an'-ark. 353. n.s. An author of confu- 
sion. Milton. 
ANARCHICAL, an-ar'-ke-kal. a. Confused ; with- 
out rule or government. Howell. 
ANARCHICK^an-ar'-klk. a. Without rule. Burke. 
ANARCHISM*, an'-ar-ldzm. n.s. Confusion. Sir 

E. Dering. 
ANARCHIST*, an'-ar-klst. n. s. He who occasions 
confusion, who lives without submission to rule, or 
who defies government. Tooke. 
ANARCHY, an'-ar-ke. n. s. [avapxia.] Want of 
government ; a state in which every man is unac- 
counfable. Millon. 
ANASARCA, an-a-sar'-ka. 92. n. s. [avd and ff ap|.] 

A sort of dropsy of the whole body. Quincy. 
A.NASARCOUS, an-a-sar'-kus. a. Relating to an 

anasarca. Wiseman. 
ANASTOMATICK, an-as-ti-mat'-lk. a. [avw and 
ordiia.] That which has the quality of removing 
obstructions. 
ANASTOMO'SIS, an-as-t6-mo'-sls. n. s. The 
inosculation of vessels, or the opening of one 
vessel into another; as, of the arteries into the 
veins. 



ANA' STROPHE, a-nas'-tri-fe. 518. n.s. [avaa- 
Tpo<pr).~\ A figure whereby words, which should 
have "been precedent, are postponed. Peacham. 
Walker. 

ANATHEMA, u-natfi'-e-ma. 92. n.s. [avaQcfxa, 
Gr.] A curse pronounced by ecclesiastical author- 
ity; excommunication. South. Anglicised, and 
written anatheme. Sheldon. The object of the 
curse, or person cursed. 

ANATHEMATICAL, an-a-i/ie-mat'-e-kal. 509. a. 
That which has the properties of an anathema. 

ANATHEMAT1CALLY, an-a-Z/ie-mat'-e-kal-le. 
ad. In an anathematical manner. 

ANATHEMATIZATION*, an-atfi'-c-ma-te-za'- 
shun. n. s. An extreme cursing. Cotgrave. 

To ANATHEMATIZE, an-a^'-e-ma-tlze. v. a. 
To pronounce accursed. Hammond. 

ANA'THEMATIZER*, an-a^'-e-ma-tl-zur. n.s. 
He who pronounces an anathema. Hammond. 

ANATFFEROUS, an-a-tlF-fe-rus. a. [anas, and 
fero, Lat.l Producing ducks. Broivn. 

ANATOCISM, a-nat'^-slzm. n. s. [anatocismus, 
LatJ The accumulation of interest upon interest. 

ANATO'MICAL, an-a-t&nV-e-kal. a. Relating or 
belonging to anatomy. Watts. Proceeding upon 
principles taught in anatomy. Swift. Anatomized. 
Locke. 

ANATOMICALLY, an-a-tom'-e-kal-le. ad. In an 
anatomical manner. Broivn. 

ANA'TOMIST, a-nat^-mfst. n. s. He that studies 
the structure of animal bodies, by dissection. How- 
ell. 

To ANATOMIZE, a-nat'-td-mlze. t\ a. To dissect 
an animal. Hooker. To lay any thing open dis- 
tinctly. Shakspeare. 

ANA'TOMY$, a-nat'-d-me. 518. n. s. [avaroixta, Gr.] 
The art of dissecting the body. Brown. The 
structure of the body, learned by dissection. Dryd. 
The act of dividing any thing. Bacon. A skeleton. 
Shakspeare. A thin meager person. Shakspeare. 

A'NATRON, an'-a-trun. n. s. The scum which 
swims upon the molten $lass in the furnace, which, 
when taken off, melts in the air, and then coagulates 
into common salt. The salt which gathers upon 
the walls of vaults. 

A'NBURY, an'-bu-re. n. s. A disease in turnips, or 
the name of a brisk fly that devours the turnips in 
their early state of vegetation. 

ANCESTOR §, an'-ses-tur. 98. n.s. [antecessor, 
LatJ One from whom a person descends. Shak. 

A'NCESTRAL*, an'-ses-tral. a. Resembling ances 
tors. Hoivell. 

ANCESTREL, an'-ses-trel. a. Claimed from ances- 
tors. Hale. 

A'NCESTRY, an'-ses-tre. n. s. Lineage ; a series 
of progenitors. Spenser. The honour of descent ; 
birth. Addison. 

A'NCHENTRY, ane'-tshen-tre. n. s. [from ancient.'] 
Antiquity of a family; properly ancientry. Shak. 

ANCHORS, angk'-ur. 353, 418. n.s. [anchora, Lat.] 
A heavy iron to hold the ship, being fixed to the 
ground. Dryden. That which confers stability or 
security. Hebrews. The chape of a buckle. 

To ANCHOR, angk'-ur. 166. r. n. To cast anchor 
Shakspeare. To stop at. Shakspeare. 

To A'NCHOR, angk'-ur. v. a. To place at anchor , 
to fix on. Shakspeare. 

A'NCHOR, angk'-ur. n.s. For anchoret, or an abste- 
mious recluse person. Shalcspeare. 

A'NCHORABLE*, angk'-ur-a-bl. a. Fit for anchor- 
age. Sir T. Herbert. 

ANCHOR-HOL J, angk'-ur-hold. n. s. The hold of 
the anchor ; security. Camden. 

ANCHOR-SMITH, angk'-fir-smltfi. n. s. The maker 
of anchors. Moxon. 

A'NCHORAGE.angk'-ur-adje. 90. n.s.The hold of 
the anchor. Wotton. The set of anchors belong- 
ing to a ship. Shak. The duty paid for the liberty 
of anchoring in a port. Carew. 

A'NCHORED, angk'-ur-red. 353. part. a. Held b» 
the anchor. Waller. Shaped like an anchor 
forked. More. In heraldry, a cross so termed. 






ANE 



ANG 



-n6, move, n6r, not ; — lube, tub, bull ;— fill ; — poind ; — tkin, 



A.\C HORESS*, angk'-b-res 

Fairfax, 
ANCl'IORET, angk'-o-ret. 
A7NCH0RITB, angk'-o-rlte. 155. 

a hermit. Ahp. Usher. 



n.s. A female recluse 



l. s. [uvax^pi 
ttis.] A recluse 



ANOHO'VY, &n-tsh6'-vt\ n. 5. [Span.] A little sea- 
fish, much used for sauce, or seasoning-. Savan/. 
A NCIENCY*. ane'-shen-se. n. s. Antiquity, jfcra 

Cferi. 

A'NC1ENT$, ane -tshent. 512. a. [ancien, Fr.] Old ; 
not modern. Cowel. Old ; of long- duration. Job, 
xii. Past j former. Sha/cspearc. 
ANCIENT, ano -tshent. n. s. Those that lived in old 
time were called ancients, opposed to the moderns. 
Pope. Senior. Hooker. Old men. JudUh, vi. 
A'NCIENT, ane'-tshent. n. s. The flag or streamer 

of a ship. Shak. The bearer of a flag-. Sliak. 
A NC1ENTLY, ane'-tshent-le. ad. In old times. 

Sifbiey. 
A'NCIENTNESS, ane'-tshent-nes. n. s. Antiquity. 

Bale. 
A'NCIENTRY, ane'-tshen-tre. n. s. The honour of 
ancient lineage. SjKnser. The character or imita- 
tion of antiquity. Gregory. 
A'NQIENTY* ane'-shen-te. n. s. Age ; antiquity. 

Martin. 
AXCILE*, an-sl'-le. n. s. [Lat.] The sacred shield 

of the Romans. Potter. 
ANCILLARY*, an'-sll-la-re. [See Maxillary 
and Papillary.] a. [ancillaris, Lat.] An hand- 
maid. Blackstone. 
ANCLE. See Ankle. 

A'NCOME*, an'-kfim. n. s. A small ulcerous swell- 
ing, formed unexpectedly. Boucher. 
A'NCONY, an'-ko-ne. n. s. A bloom wrought into 

the figure of a flat iron bar-. Chambers. 
AND, and. conj. [anb, Sax.] The particle by which 
sentences or terms are joined. Spenser. And 
sometimes signifies tlwugh. Bacon. 
A'NDABATISM*, an'-da-ba-tfzm. n.s. \andabatat, 

Lat.] Uncertainty. Shelford. 
ANDA'NTE*, an-dan'-te. a. [Ital.] In musick 

expressive ; distinct ; exact. 
A'NDIRON, and'-l-um. 417. n. s. Irons at the end 

of a fire-grate, in which the spit turns. Bacon 
ANDRO'GYNAL, an-drodjV-e-nal. a. Having two 

sexes ; hermaphroditical. 
ANDRO'GYNALLY, an-dr6dje / -e-nal-le. ad. In the 

form of hermaphrodites. Brown. 
ANDRO'GYNE*, an-drodje'-k. n. s. [ivty and 

ywrj.] A kind of hermaphrodite. Harmar. 
ANDRO'GYNUS, an-drodje'-e-n&s. 482. n. s. An 

hermaphrodite. 
ANDRO'TOMY, an-dr6t / -6-me. n. s. [avrjp and 

riuvtj}.] The practice of cutting human bodies. 
ToANEAL§. SeeToA.VELE. 
ANE'AR^a-nere'.prep. Near. Bp. Atterbury. 
A'NECDOTE, an'-ek-d6te. n. s. [aveicSo-ov.'] Some- 
thing yet unpublished. Prior. A biographical in- 
cident ; a minute passage of private life. War- 

ton - . „ , „ 

ANECDOTIC AL*, an-ek-dot'-e-kal. a. Relative to 

anecdotes. Bolingbroke. 
To ANE'LE*, a-nfeel'. v. a. [ele, Sax. oil.] To gn 

extreme miction. Shakspeare. 
ANEMO'GRAPHY, an-e-moff'-ffra-fe. 518. 



ad. Over again. Dryden. Newly. 



Fulness of windings and turnings. Rabelais. 
^A'CTURE, an-frak'-tshure. n. s. A mazy 



ANE'W, 

Rogers. 

ANE'WST*orANEUST* a-nuste'. ad. [nepe r t, 
Sax.] Nearly; almost. 

ANFRA'CTUOSE, an-frak / -tshu-6se. ) a. \anfrac- 

ANFRA'CTUOUS, an-fiak'-tshu-os. \ ttx, Lat.] 
Winding ; mazy. Ray. 

ANFRA'CTUOUSNESS^n-frak'-tshu-ns-ne^ei.} 

ANFRACTUO'SITY, an-frak-tshu-os'-e-te. 
n. s. 

ANFRA' 
winding. Diet. 

ANGARIA'TION*, an-gar-e-a'-shun. n.s. [anga- 
rio, Lat.] Exertion. Bp. Hall. 

A'NGEL$, W-jel. 542. [See Change.] n. s. [ay- 
ye\os, Gr.] Originally a messenger. A spirit em- 
ployed by God in human affairs. Locke. Sometimes 
used in a bad sense ; as, angels.of darkness. Revela- 
tion. Angel, in Scripture, sometimes means man 
o/God,propIiet. A beautiful person. Sliak. A mes- 
senger of any kind. B. Jonson. A piece of money im- 
pressed with an angel, rated at ten shillings. Bacon. 

A'NGEL, ane'-jel. a. Resembling angels ; angelical. 
Shakspeare. 

A'NGEL-AGE* ane'-jel-aje. n. s. The existence or 
state of angels. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

A'NGEL-LIKE, ane'-jgl-llke. a. Resembling an 
angel. Shakspeare. 

A'NGEL- WINGED*, ine'-jel-wbg'd. 

like an angel. Thomson. 
A'NGEL-WORSHIP*, ane'-jel-wfir-shfp. n. s. The 

worshipping of angels. Trapp. 
A'NGEL-SHOT, ane'-jel-shot. n. s. [Perhaps an- 
gle-shot.'] Chain-shot, a cannon bullet cut in two, 
and the halves joined together by a chain. Diet. 
ANGELICA. «n.i2l/.i.ta < 

plant. Miller'. 
ANGE'LICAL, an-jel'-e-kal. 509. a. Resembling 
angels. Raleigh. Partaking of the nature of an 
gels. Milton. Belonging to angels. Wilkins. 
ANGELICALLY* an-jef'-le-kal-e. ad. Like a» 



i-jeT-e-ka. 92. n. s. The name of a 



[ttVfuo? and ypa<Aa>.] The description of the winds. 
ANEMO'METER, an-e-m&W-me-ter. 518. n.s. 

[avepios and nirpov.] An instrument to measure the 

strength or velocity of the wind. 
ANE' MONE, a-neW-6-ne. n. s. [iveuuvrj.] The 

wind flower. Miller. 
A'NEMOSCOPE, a-nenV-6-skope. n. s. [ave/xog and 

o-kottoj.] A machine to foretell the changes of the 

wind. Chambers. 
ANE'NT, a-nent'. prep. Concerning; about; over 

against. B. Jonson. 
ANES, anz. ) n. s. The spires or beards of corn. 
AWNS. awnz. \ Did. 
A NEURISM, an'-u-rlzm. 503. n. s. [avtvpvvw.] A 

disease of the arteries, in which they become ex- 
cessively dilated. Sharp. 



ANGE'LICALNESS, an-jelMe-kal-nes. n.s. Re- 
semblance of angels. 
ANGE / LICK,an-jel / -l5k.508.a. Angelical. Spenser. 
A'NGELOT, arZ-je-ldt. n. s. A musical instrument, 
somewhat resembling a lute. Diet. A gold coin, 
the value of half an angel. A cheese so called. 
Cotsrave. 
A'NGER §, ang'-gfir. 409, 98. n. s. Uneasiness or dis- 
composure of the mind, upon any injury. Locke. 
Pain, or smart, of a sore or swelling. Temple. 
Sometimes used in the plural number. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 
To A'NGER, ang'-gur. v. a. To make angry. 

Hooker. To make painful. Bacon. 
A'NGERLY, ang'-gur-le. ad. In an angry manner. 

Now written angrily. Shakspeare. 
A'NGERNESS* ang'-gur-nes. n.s. The state of be- 
ing angry. 318. cited by Warton. 
ANGIOGRAPHY, an-je-og'-gra-fe. n. s. [ayyuov 
and ypd<pu>.] A description of vessels in the human 
body. 
ANGIO'LOGY, an-je-6l / -6-je. n. s. [iyytlov and 
\6yos-] A treatise of the vessels of a human body. 
ANGIOMONOSPETtMOUS, an-je-c-n^n^-spflr^- 
mfls. a. [ayytlov, \i6vos, and airtpna.~\ Such plants 
as have but one single seed in the seed-pod. 
ANGIO'TOMY, an-je-ot / -6-me. n. s. [ayydov and 

Ttuvio.'] A cutting open of the vessels. 
A'NGLE §, ang'-gl. 405. n. s. [angulus, Lat.] The 
space intercepted between two lines intersecting 
or meeting. Stone. A corner. Spenser. 
A'NGLE^, ang'-gl. n.s. [an£el, Sax.] An instru- 
ment to take'fisn, consisting of a rod, a line, and a 
hook. Sidney. 
To A'NGLE, ang'-gl. v. n. To fish with a rod and 
hook. Waller. To try to gain by some artifices. 
Slutkspeare. 
To A'NGLE*, ang'-gl. v. a. To entice. Sidney. 
A'NGLED*, ang'-gld. part. a. Having angles. B. 
Jonson. 

89 



ANI ANN 




O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met 5— pine, pin 5— 





A'NGLE-ROD, ang'-gl-rod. n.s. The stick to which 
the line and hook are hung. Bacon. 

A'NGLER, ang'-glfir. 98. n.s. He that fishes with 
an angle. Dryden. 

ANGLES §* ang'-glez. n. s. [Angli, Lat.] A people 
of Germany ; a name also by which the English 
have been called. Temple. 

ANGLICAN* ang'-gle-kan. a. English. Fell. 

A'NGLICAN*, ang'-gle-kan. 11. s. A member of the 
church of England. Burke. 

To A'NGLICISE* ; ang / -gle-slze. v.a. To make Eng- 
lish. Edwards. 

ANGLICISM, ang'-gle-slzm. n. s. An English idi- 
om. Milton. 

ANGLING*, ang'-glmg. n. s. The art of fishing 
with a rod. Davors. 

A'NGLO-DANISH*, ang'-gl6-da-nlsh. a. What re- 
lates to the English Danes. Wotton. 

ANGLO-NORMAN* ang'-glo-nor-man. n.s. An 
English Norman. Wotton. 

ANGLO-SAXON* ang'-gli-saks-un. n. s. An Eng- 
lish Saxon. Warton. 

A'NGLO-SAXON* ang'-glo-saks-un. a. What re- 
lates to the Anglo-Saxons. Bp. Nicholson. 

A'NGOBER, ang'-gi-bur. 98. n. s. A kind of pear. 

A'NGOUR, ang'-gur. n. s. [angor, Lat.] Pain. 
Harvey. 

A'NGRlLY, ang'-gre-le. a<L In an angry manner. 
Shakspeare. 

A'NGRY, anff ; -ffre. 409. a. Touched with anger. 



ang-gre. ■ 
Gen. xviii. Having the appearance of anger 
Prov. xxv. Painful; inflamed} smarting. Wise- 
man. 
ANGUFLLIFORM* ang-gwil'-e-form. a. [anguilla, 
and forma, Lat.] Fishes which are soft and slip- 
perv like the eel, and have not scales. 
A'N(tU1SH$, ang'-gwlsh. 340. n.s. [angoisse, Fr.] 

Excessive pain. Spenser. 
ANGUISHED, ang'-gwlsh-ed. 359. part. Seized 

with anguish ; tortured. Bp. Hall. 
A'NGULAR, ang'-gu-lfir. 98. a. Having angles or 
corners. Brown. Consisting of an angle. JSewton. 
ANGULARITY, angj-gu-lar'-e-te. n. s. The quality 

of being angular. More. 
A'NGULARLY, ang'-gu-lur-le. ad. With angles or 

corners. B. Jonson. 
A'NGULARNESS, ang'-gu-lur-nes. n. s. Being an- 
gular. 
A'NGULATED, ang'-gu-la-ted. a. Formed with 

angles. Woodward. 
ANGULO'SITY, ang-gu-los'-e-te. n. s. Angularity 

cornered form. Diet. 
ANGULOUS, ang'-gu-lSs. 314. a. Hooked ; angu 

lar. Glanville. 
ANGU'ST§, an-gust'. 409,98. a. [angustus, Lat.] 

Narrow ; strait. Burton. 
ANGUSTATION, an-gus-ta'-sh&n. n. s. The act 

of making narrow. Wiseman. 
ANHELATION, an-he-la'-shun. n. s. [anhdo, Lat.] 
The act of panting ; being out of breath. Cockeram. 
ANHELO'SE, an-he-lose'. a. Out of breath. Diet. 
ANIE'NTED, an'-e-en-ted. a. [aneinter, Fr.] Frus- 
trated ; brought to nothing. Cliaucer. 
ANI GHT*, a-nlte'. ad. In the night. Chaucer. 
ANFGHTS, a-nltes'. ad. In the night time. Shak. 
A'NIL, an' -11. n. s. The shrub from which indigo is 

prepared. 
ANI'LENESS, a-nlle'-nes. > 530. n.s. [amtaas, Lat.l 
ANl'LITY, a-nllMe-te. ] The state of being an 

old woman ; dotage. Sterne. 
AJNIMABLE, an'-e-ma-bl. 405. a. That which may 

receive animation. Diet. 
ANIMADVE'RSAL*, an-e-mad-veV-sal. n. s. That 
which has the power of perceiving and judging. 
More. 
ANIMADVERSION, an-e-mad-veV-shun. n. s. 
Reproof. Clarendon. Punishment. Swift. In 
law, an ecclesiastical animadversion has only a re- 
spect to a temporal punishment. Ayliffe. Percep- 
tion ; power of notice. Glanville. 
ANIMADVE'RSIVE, an.e-mad-ver'-slv. 428. a. 
Percipient. Glaiwlle. 



ANIMADVE'RSIVENESS, an-e-mad-veV-sfv-ne* 

n. s. The power of animadverting. Diet. 
2'o ANIMADVERTS, an-e-mad-vert'. v.n. [am- 
madverto, Lat.] To pass censures. Dryden. To 
inflict punishments. Grew. 
AMMADVE'RTER, an-e-mad-verMur. n. s. He 

that passes censures. Milton. 
A'NIMAL §, an'-e-mal. n. s. [animal, Lat.] A living 
creature corporeal. Ray. By way of contempt, 
we say of a stupid man, that he is a stupid ani- 
mal. 
A'NIMAL, an'-e-mal. a. That which belongs to ani- 
mals. Waits. 
ANIMA'LCULE, an-e-mal'-kule. n. s. A small ani- 
mal. Ray. 
ANIMALITY, an-e-mal'-e-te. n.s. Animal exist- 
ence. Smith. 
To A'NIMATE§, an'-e-mate. v. a. [animo, Lat.] 
To quicken ; to make alive ; to give powers to. 
Dniden. To encourage. Knolles. 
A'NIMATE, an'-e-mate. 91. a. Alive; possessing 

animal life. Bacon. 
A'NIMATED, an'-e-ma-teU part. a. Lively; vig- 
orous. Pope. 
ANIMATENESS, an'-e-mate-ngs. n.s. The state 

of being animated. Diet. 
ANIMATION, in-e-ma'-shun. n. s. The act of an- 
imating. Bacon. The state of being enlivened. 
Brown. 
A ; N1MATIVE, an'-e-ma-tlv. 157. a. That which 

has the power of giving life. 
ANIMATOR, an'-e-ma-tur. 521. n. s. That which 

gives life. Brown. 
ANIMO'SE, an-e-m6se ; . 427. a. [animeux, Fr.] Full 

of spirit; hot. Diet. 
ANLWSENESS^n-e-mise'-nes. n.s. Spirit; heat. 

Diet. 
ANIMO'SITY, an-e-m&s'-se-te. n. s. fynimositas, 
Lat.] Vehemence of hatred ; passionate malignity. 
Clarendon. 
A'NISE, an'-nis. 140. n. s. [anisum, Lat.] A species 
of apium or parsley, with large sweet-scented 
seeds. Miller. 
ANKER, ank'-ur. 98, 409. n. s. [ancker, Dutch.] A 
liquid measure chiefly used at Amsterdam, about 
64 quarts. Clutmbers. 
ANKLE §,ank'-kl. 405. n. s. [ancleop, Sax.] The 

joint which joins the foot to the leg. Wiseman. 
ANKLED*, ank'-kld. a. Relating to the ankles 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
ANKLE-BONE, ank'-kl-be-ne. n.s. The bone of 

the ankle. Peacham. 
A'NNALIST, an'-nal-tist. n.s. A writer of annals. 

Milton. 
A'NNALS, an'-nalz. n. s. [annates, Lat.] History di- 
gested in the order of time. Milton. 
To A'NNALIZE*, an'-nal-tize. v, a. To record 

Slieldon. 
A'NNATS, an'-nats. n. s. [annates, Lat.] First fruits. 
Acts of Pari. Bp. Bartow. Masses said in the 
Romish church for the space of a year. Ayliffe. 
To ANNE'AL§, an-nele'. v. a. [anselan, Sax.] Tc 
heat glass, that the colours laid on it may fix. 
Herbert. To heat glass after it is blown, that it 
may not break. To heat any thing in such a man- 
ner as to give it the true temper. 
ANNEALING*, an-nele'-ing. n. s The art of tem- 
pering glass. Spratt. 
To ANNE'XS, an-neks 7 . v. a. [annecto, annexv.m T 
Lat.] To unite to at the end. To unite a smaller 
thing to a greater. To unite a posteriori. Raleigh. 
ANNE'X, an-n£ks. n. s. The thing annexed. Brown. 
ANNE'XARY*, an-nek'-sa-re. n. s. Addition. Sir 



E. Sandys. 

ANNEXATION, an-nek-sa'-shun. n. s. Conjunc- 
tion ; addition. Bacon. Union. Ayliffe. 

ANNE'XION, an-neV-sh&n. n. s. Addition. Rogers. 

ANNE'XMENT, an-neks'-ment. n. s. The act of an- 
nexing. The thing annexed. Shakspeare. 

ANNFHILABLE, an-nl'-he-la-bl. a. That which 
may be reduced to nothing. Clarke. 

To ANNIHILATE §,an-nF-he-late. v.a. [ad, and 
90 



ANN 



ANS 



—116, move, nor, nih;— lube, tub, bull ;— Si\ ;— pdfind ;— - this ;—ihm. 



nihi/um, Lat.] To reduce to nothing;. Bacon. To 
destroy. Ruletgh. To annul. Hooker. 

53r Englishmen, who have been bred in foreign semina- 
ries!, where they pronounce the i in L;itin like e, gen- 
erally pronounce this word as if written an-nc-he-late, 
because they pronounce the Latin word from which it 
is derived in the same manner : but Englishmen, edu- 
cated in their own country, pronounce the 1, when it 
ends a syllable, with the accent on it, both in Latin and 
English, as it is here marked. W. 

ANNIHILATE* an-nl'-he-late. a. Annihilated. 

Swift. 
ANNIHILATION, an-nl-he-la'-shun. n. s. The act 
of reducing to nothing;. The state of being - reduced 
to nothing - . Hooker. 
ANN 1VE RS ARIL Y* an-ne-veV-sa-re-le. ad. An- 
nually. Bp. Hall. 
ANNIVERSARY, an-ne-ver'-sa-re. n. s. [anniver- 
sarius, Lat.] A day celebrated as it returns in the 
course of the year. * Stillinsjleet . The act of cele- 
brating; the anniversary dav. Dryden. 
ANNIVERSARY, an-ne-veV-sa-re. a. Annual; 

yearly. Ray. 
A NNlVERSE*, an'-ne-vers. n. s. Anniversary. 

Dniden. 
A'NNO DOMINI, an'-nO-dom'-e-ne. [Lat.] In 
the year of our Lord; as, anno domini, or A. D. 
1751 ; that is, in the 1751st year from the birth of 
our Saviour. Middkton. 
ANNO'ISANCE, an-noe'-sanse. n. s. A nuisance. 

Blount. Ob. J. 
A'NNOLIS, an'-i^-lls. n. s. An American animal, 

like a lizard. 
ANNOMINATION* an-nom-e-na'-shun. [annomi- 

natio, barb. Lat.] Alliteration. Tynvhitt. 
To ANNOTATES*, an'-no-tate. v. a. [amwto, L?*.] 

To make annotations. Hive. 
ANNOTATION, an-n6-ta'-shun. n. s. Notes v>Titten 

upon books. Boyle. 
ANNOTATIONIST*, an-n6-ta/-shun-?st. n. s. A 

writer of notes. Worthington. 
ANNOTATOR, an-n6-ta 7 -t5r. 521. n. s. A writer 

of notes. Bp. Barloiv. 
To ANNO'UNCE§, an-nSunse'. v. a. [annuncio, 
Lat.] To publish. Milton. To pronounce. Prior. 
ANNOUNCEMENT*, an-n6unse'-ment. n. s. A de- 
claration ; an advertisement. 
ANNOUNCER*, an-nSanse'-sur. n. s. A declarer ; 

a proclaimer. Cot^rave. 
To ANNO'Y §, an-noe'. 329. v. a. [annoyer, Fr.] To 

incommode; to vex. Sidney. 
ANNO'Y, an-noe'. n. s. Injury; molestation. Sluik. 
ANNO'YANCE, an-nOe'-anse. n. s. That which an- 
noys. Shak. The state of being; annoyed. Hooker. 
ANlSlO'YER, an-noe'-ur. 98. n. s. He that annoys. 
ANNO'YFUL*, an-nfie'-ful. a. Full of annoy or trou- 
ble. Chaucer. 
ANNOY'OUS*, an-n6e'-us. a. Troublesome. Chau- 
cer. 
ANNUAL §, an'-nu-al. a. [annuel, Fr.] That which 
comes yearly. Pope. That which is reckoned by 
the year. Shak. That which lasts only a year. 
Bacon. 
ANNUALLY, an'-nu-al-le. ad. Yearly. Brown. 
ANNUARY*, an'-nu-a-re. a. Annual." John Hall. 
ANNUITANT, an-nu'-e-tant. n. s. He that possesses 

an annuity. Idler. 
ANNUITY §, an-nu'-e-te. n. s. [annuite 1 , Fr.] A 
yearly rent. Cowel. A yearly allowance. Claren- 
don. 
To ANNUO, $, an-nfir. v. a. [adnuUkr, old Fr.] To 
make void; to abolish. Rogers. To reduce to 
nothing. Milton. 
ANNULARE, an'-nu-lar. 88. [annulaire, Fr.] In 

the form of a ring. Cheyne. 
ANNULARY, an'-nu-la-re. a. In the form of 



Ray. 



rings. 



A'NNULET, an'-nu-let. n. s, [annulus, Lat.] A little 
ring. In heraldry, a part of the coat-armour of 
several families. In architecture, the small square 
members, in the Dorick capital, under the quarter 
round. 



ANNULMENT*, an-nul'-ment. n. c -he act «t 

annulling. 
To ANNU'MERATE §, an-nu'-me-rate. 91. v. a. [an- 

numero, Lat.] To add to a former number. 
Al\ NUMERATION, an-r.u-me-ra'-shun. n. s. Ad- 
dition to a former number. 
To ANNUNCIATE &, an-niV-she-ate. 91, 357, 196 
v.a. [an nuncio, Lat.] To bring tidings. Cliaucer, 
ANNUNCIATION, an-n&n-she-a'-sh&n. n. s. The 
name given to the day celebrated in memory of 
the angel's salutation of the blessed Virgin ; soiem- 
nized with us on the twenty-fifth of March. Bp. 
Taylor. Proclamation; promulgation. Hammond. 
A'NODYNE*, an'-6-dlne. n. s. [a and o5w n .] A 

medicine which assuages pain. Arbuthnot. 
To ANOTNT §, a-n6W. v. a. [enoint, Fr.] To rub 
over with unctuous matter. Shak. To smear. Dry- 
den. To consecrate by unction. Shxkspeare. 
ANO INTER, a-n6f n'-tur. n. s. He that anoints. Grey. 
ANOINTING*, a-n6mt'-fng. n. s. Anointment. 

Hakeicill. 
ANOTNTMENT*, a^nt'-ment. n. s. The state of 

being anointed. Milton. 
ANO'MALISM, a-nom'-a-ltzm. n. s* Anomaly; ir 

regularity. Diet. 
ANOMALFST1CAL, a-n&m-a-lls'-te-kal. 509. a 

Irregular : a term in astronomy. 
ANO'MALOUS, a-nom'-a-lus. a. Irregular ; out of 

rule. Broun. 
ANO'MALOUSLY, a-nom'-a-lus-le. ad. Irregular- 
ly. Brown. 
ANO'MALYy, a-nom'-a-le. n.s. [a.vwjia'Xos.'] Irregu- 
larity ; deviation from the common rule. Bviler. 
ANOMY, an'-o-me. n. s. [a priv. and vofxos.] Breach 

of law. Bramhall. 
ANO'N, a-non'. ad. Quickly; soon. Shak. Some- 
times ; now and then. Milton. 
ANG'NYMOUS^-non'-e-mus.a. [a priv. and 6Vo/xa.] 

Wanting a name. Ray. 
ANO'NYMOUSLY, a-n6n'-e-mfis-le. ad. Without 

a name. Swift. 
ANOREXY, an'-no-rek-se. 517. n.s. [aicp^ta.] 

Loathing of food. 
ANOTHER §, an-uTH'-fir. 98. a. [anlhar, Goth.] 
Not the same. Locke. One more. Shak. Any 
other. 1 Samuel, ii. Not one's self. South. Widely 
different. Soidh. 
ANO'THERGAINES, an-tW-ur-ganz. a. Of an- 
other kind. Sidney. 
ANO'THERGATES*, an-UTH'-ur-gates. a. Of an- 

other sort, Bp. Sanderson. 
ANO'THERGUESS, an-UTH'-fir-ges. a. Of a differ- 
ent kind. Howell. 
ANOU'GH*, ANOW*. See Enough, Enow. 
A'NSATED, aV-sa-teU a. [ansatus, Lat.] Having 

handles, 
A'NSLAIGHT*, an'-slate. n, s. [platan, Sax.] An 
attack; a fray, The parent, perhaps, of On- 
slaught, which see. Beamn. and Fl. Ob. T. 
To ANSWERSair'-sfir. 475,98. «. n. [anbrpanian, 
Sax.] To speak in opposition. Boyle. To be ac- 
countable for. Shak. To vindicate. Swift. To 
give an account. Temple. To correspond to. Prov. 
xxvii. To act reciprocally. Dryden. To stand 
as opposite or correlative to something else. Bp. 
Taylor. To succeed, Raleigh, 
To A'NSWER, an'-sur, v. a. To speak in return to 
a question. Dryden. To be equivalent to. Eccl. 
x. To satisfy any claim. Sidney. To bear pro- 
portion to. Swift. To perform what is endeavour- 
ed. Atterbury. To comply with, Shak. To ap- 
pear to any call. SJuik, To be over-against any 
thing. Sliakspeare. 
ANSWERS, an'-siV. 475. n. s. That which is said 
in return to a question. Locke. An account to be 
given to justice. Shak, In law, a confutation of a 
charge. Aylift'e. Retaliation. Shakspeare, 
ANSWER-JOBBER, an'-sfir-job'-bur. n. s. He 

that makes a trade of writing answers. Swift. 
ANSWERABLE, an'-s&r-a-bl. 475. a. That to 
which a reply may be made. Obliged to give an 
account. Spenser. Correspondent. Sidney. Pro- 



ANT 



ANT 



U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m&t ;— pine, pin ;- 



portionate; suitable. Milton. Suitable; suited 
Bacon. Equal; equivalent. Raleigh. Relative; 
correlative. Hooker. 
A'NSWERABLY, an'-sflr-a-ble. ad. Suitably. 

Brerewood. 
A'NSWERABLENESS, an'-sflr-a-bl-nes. n. s. The 

quality of being answerable. Harmar. 
ANSWERER, an'-siVur. 554. n. s. He that an- 
swers. Sidney. 
ANT$, ant. n. s. [aemefct, Sax.] An emmet; apis- 
mire. Shakspeare. 
A'NT-BEAR, ant'-bare. n. s. An animal that feeds on 

ants. Ray. 

A'NT-HILL, ant'-hill. ) n. s. The small 

ANT-HILLOCK, ant-hil'-l&k. S protuberances in 

which ants make their nests. Ray. 
AN ; T. A contraction for and if it. 
ANTAGONISM §*, an-tag'-ft-nkm. n. s. Contest. 
ANTAGONIST, an-tag'-S-nfst. n. s. One who con- 
tends ; an opponent. Hooker. Contrary. Addison. 
In anatomy, the antagonist is that muscle which 
counteracts some others. Arbtithnot. 
ANTAGONFSTICK*, an-tag-6-nls'-tlk. a. Contend- 
ing- as an antagonist. B. Jonson. 
To ANTAGONIZE, an-ta^-6-nize. v. n. To con- 
tend. 
ANTA'GONY§*, an-tag'-6-ne. n. s. [avrl and 

aywvta.] Contest, opposition. Milton. 
ANTA'LGJLCK, an-tal'-jik. a. [iyrl and &\yos.]\ 

That which softens pain. 
AN TAN AC LA' SIS, ant-a-na-kkV-sk n. s. [Gr.] A 
figure in rhetorick, when the same word is repeat- 
ed in a different, if not in a contrary signification. 
It is also a returning to the matter at the end of a 
long parenthesis. Smith. 
ANTAPHRODFTICK, ant-a-fro-dlt'-lk. a. [avrl and 
'AcbpoSirr).] Medicines against the venereal disease 
ANTAPOPLE'CTICK, ant-ap-po-plek'-tlk. a. Good 

against an apoplex}'. 
ANTA'RCTICK, an-t&rk'-tik. a. [dvn, against, and 

apKTos.] The southern pole. Milton. 
ANTARTHRFTICK^ant-ar-tfn-fr'-lk. a. [avrl and 

apOpiTis-] Good against the gout. 
ANTASTHMA'TICK, ant-ast-mat'-ik. a. Good 

against the asthma. 
A'NTE, an'-te. A Latin particle signifying before, 
frequently used in compositions; as, antediluvian, 
before the flood. 
A'NTEACT, an'-te-akt. n. s. A former act. Diet. 
ANTECEDA'NEOUS*, an-te-se-da'-ne-fis. a. Go- 



A'NTEDATE* an'-te-date. n. s. Anticipation 

Donne. » 

ANTEDILUVIAN, an-te-de-lu'-ve-an. a. [ante and 

diluvium] Existing before the deluge. Woodward. 
ANTEDILU'VIAN, an-te-de-hVve-an. n.s. One 

that lived before the flood. Bentley. 
ANTELOPE, an'-te-l6pe. n. s. A goat with curled 

or wreathed horns. Spenser. 
ANTELU'CAN*, an-te-hV-kan. a. [antelucanus, Lat,] 

Early; before day-light. Bp. Hall. 
ANTEMERFDIAN, an-te-me-rldj'-e-an. 294, 376, 

507. a. Before noon. 
ANTEME'TICK, ant-e-meV-lk. a. [avrl and ! lu iw.] 

The power of stopping vomiting. 
ANTEMU'NDANE, an-te-mun'-dane. a. [ante and 

mundus.] Before the creation of the world. Young. 
ANTENU'MBER, an-te-niW-bfir. n. s. [from ante 

and number] The number that precedes another. 

Eicon. 
AN'TEPAST, an'-te-past. n. s. [ante and pasium,] 

A foretaste. Decay of Piety. 
A'NTEPENULT, an-te-pe-nult'. n. s. [antepenulti- 

ma, Lat.] The last syllable but two. 

VTF.PTT .F/PTir.ir £n<.a n JUBr.ML- 



ing before. Barrow. 
To ANTECE'DE§, dn-te-sede' 



[ante and ce- 
il, s. Prece- 



de] To precede. Hale. 

ANTECEDENCE, an-te-se'-dense. 
dence. Hale. 

ANTECE'DENCY* an-te : se/-den-se. n. s. The 
state of going before. FotHerhy. 

ANTECEDENT, an-te-se'-dent. a. Going before; 
preceding. South. 

ANTECEDENT, an-te-se'-dent. n. s. That which 
goes before. South. In grammar, the noun to 
which the relative is subjoined. Ascham. In logick, 
the first proposition of an enthymeme or argument, 
consisting only of two propositions. Watts. , 

ANTECEDENTLY, an-te-se'-dent-le. ad. Previ- 
ously. South. 

ANTECESSOR, an-te-seV-sar. n. s. One who 
goes before; the principal. Sir E. Sandys. One 
that possessed the land before the present possessor. 
Brady. 

A'NTECHAMBER, an'-te-tsham-bur. [See Cham- 
ber.] n. s. The chamber that leads to the chief 
apartment. Dryden. 

A'NTECHAPEL*, an'-te-tshap-el n. s, That part 
of the chapel through which the passage is to the 
choir or body of it. Warton. 

ANTECU'RSOR, an-te-kur'-s&r. n. s. [Lat.] 
One who runs before. Diet. 

To A'NTEDATE, an'-te-date. v. a. [ante and do, 
datum, Lat.] To date earlier than the real time. 
Donne. To take before the oroper time Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 



ANTEPILETT1CK, ant-ep-e-lep/tlk. a. [avri and 

eirl\rj-^ii.] A medicine against convulsions. 

Brown. 
To A'NTEPONE, an'-te-pone. v. a. [antepono, Lat.] 

To set one thing before another. Diet. 
ANTEPREDFCAMENT, an-te-pre-dlk'-a-ment. 

n. s. [antepredicamentum, Lat.] Something previous 

to the doctrine of the predicament. 
ANTERIORITY, an-te-re-or'-e-te. n. s. Priority. 

Pope. 
ANTE'RIOUR, an-te'-re-fir. a. [anterior, Lat.] Go- 
ing before. Brown. 
ANTEPA'SCHAL* an-te-pas'-kal. a. [ante and 

paschal.] Relating to the time before Easter. 

Nelson. 
A'NTEROOM*, an'-te-rSSm. n. s. The room through 

which the passage is to a principal apartment. 

Shakspeare. 
ANTETE'MPLE*, an-te-teW-jpl. n. s. What we 

now call the nave in a church. Christian Antiquities. 
A'NTES, an'-tez. n. s. [Lat.] Pillars that support 

the front of a building. 
ANTESTO'MACH, an-te-suW-uk. 166. n. s. A 

cavity which leads into the stomach. Ray. 
To A'ftTEVERT*, an'-te-vert. v. a. [anteverto, hat] 

To prevent. Bp. Hall. 
ANTHELMFNTHICK, an-Z/iel-nuV-^lk. a. [avrl 

and e\uivOos.~] That which kills worms. Arbulhnot. 
A'NTHEM^an'-tfiem. n. s. [avOv/xvos.] A song, per- 
formed as part of divine service. Denham. 
A'NTHEM-WISE*, an'-i/iem-wlze. ad. According 

to the manner of singing anthems ; that is, alter 

nately. Bacon. 
A'NTHEMIS* an'-^e-mk n. s. Camomile. Tate. 
ANTHO'LOGY §, an-^F-o-je. 518. n. s. [dvQo\oyia.\ 

A collection of flowers. A collection of devolions 

in the Greek church. A collection of poems. 

Ferrand. 
ANTHOLO'GICAL^n-^d-lodje'-ik-al. a. Relating 



to an anthology 
--F 
sipelas. 



ANTHONY'S FIRE, arF-16-nez-fW. n. s. The ery 



A>NTHRAX,ari-thr&ks.n.s. [ivdoai;.] A scab or 

blotch that is made by a corrosive humour ; a car- 
buncle. Quincy. 
ANTHROPOLOGY, an'-*/ir6-p6F-6-je. n. s. [ av - 

Opuiros and 'Myw.l The doctrine of anatomy. 
ANTHROPOMO'RPHITE, an-tfir6-p6-m6V-flt. 

n.s. [av6pw7roLiop<pos.] One who believes a human 

form in the Deity. More. 
ANTHROPOTA'THY, an-tfu^p'-a-^e. n. s. [dv- 

Bpwiros, man, and Trafloy.l The sensibility, or the 

passions of man. Bp. Hall. 
ANTHROPOPHAGI, an'-thrb-pbf-a-jl. n.s. 

[avOpu-rros and ./>ayu>.] Man-eaters ; cannibals. 

Shakspeare. 
ANTHROPOPHAGY §, an'-tfiro-p&f'-a-je. n.s. 

Cannibalism. Brown. 
ANTHROPO'SOPHY, an'-tftr^p&s'-o-fe. n. c. [&».. 
92 



ANT 



ANT 



-116, move, ndr, not j — tube, tab, bull 3 — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, xni 



$ 



dpwiros and o-oi^/a.] The knowledge of the nature 
of man. 
ANTHYPNOTICK, aiit'-hip-ndt'-ik. a. That which 
has the power of preventing sleep. 

ANTHYPOCHOXDRIACk. an-//;)p-6-kon'-dre- 
ak. a. Good against hvpochondriack maladies. 

ANTHRYPCTPHORA, an-*/»re-p6f-o-ra. n. s. 
yw6uw6$apa.] A figure in rhetorick, which signifies 
a contrary illation, or inference. Smitli. 

ANTHYSTE KICK,, an-tfrfs-teV-rik. a. Good against 
hvstericks. 

AXTI. [cirrt.] A particle much used in composition 
with words derived from the Greek, and signifies 
contrary to; as, antimonarchical, opposite, to mon- 
arch v. * 

ANT1ACIP. an'-te-as'-id. ??, s. Alkalis. Arbuthnot. 

A NTIAPO STLE* an'-te-a-pos'-sl. n.s. [from avrl 
and apostle.] Contrary to apostles. Potter. 

ANTIARMI'NlilS*, an-ie-ar-mln'-van. n. s. He 
wlio opposes the Arminians, or Arminianism. Bp. 
Barlow. 

ANTIARTHRFTICKS*, an-te-ar-f/irlt'-Iks. n. s. 
Medicines to assuage the gout. Diet. 

ANTICACHECTICK, an-te-ka-kek'-tlk. a. Medi- 
cines for a bad constitution. 

ANTICHRISTS* an'-te-krlste. n. s. The great en- 
emy to Christianity. 1 John. 

ANTICHRPSTIAN, an-te-krls'-tshfin. a. Opposite 
to Christianity. South. 

ANTICHRPSTIAN* an-te-krls'-tshfin. n.s. He 
who is an enemy to Christianity. Rogers. 

ANTICHRPSTIANISM, an-te-krV-tshun-Izm. n. s. 
Opposition to Christianity. Decay of Piety. 

ANTICHRISTLANITY', dn-te-krls-tshe-an'-e-te. 
u. s. Contrariety to Christianity. Trapp. 

ANTFCHRONISM, an-tlk / -r6-iilzm. n. s. [avrl and 
)vos.~\ Deviation from the right order of time. 
Leiden. 

To ANTICIPATES, an-uV-e-pate. v. a. [anikipo, 
Lat.] To take something sooner than another, so 
as to prevent him that conies after. Hammond. 
To take up before the time. Dryden. To fore- 
taste. Brown. To preclude. Shakspeare. 

ANTPCIPATELY, an-tls'-e-pate-le. ad. By an- 
ticipation. 

ANTICIPATION, an-tls-se-pa'-shun. n. s. Taking 
up something before its time. Holder. Foretaste. 
Atterbury. Opinion implanted before the reasons 
can be known. Stillino; fleet. 

ANTICIPATOR*, an-uV-e-pa-tor. n. s. A pre- 
venter ; a forestaller. 

ANTICIPATORY*, an-tls'-e-pa-t&r-e. a. That 
which takes up something before its time. More. 

ANTICK ^an'-tlk. a. Odd ; ridiculously wild. Shak. 

ANTICK, an'-tlk. n. s. He that plays anticks ; a 
buffoon ; the anticks or tricks themselves. Shak. 
Odd appearance. Spenser. 

To ANTICK. an-'-tik. v. a. To make antick. Shak. 

A'NTICKLY, an'-tlk-le. ad. In an antick manner. 
Shakspeare. 

ANTICLIMAX, an-te-kli'-maks. n. s. [avrl and 
/cX«/ia|.] A sentence in which the last part ex- 
presses something lower than the first. Addison. 

ANTICONSTITCTIONAL*, an-te-kon-ste-iu/- 
shun-al. a. Against the constitution. Bolingbroke. 

ANTICONVULSIVE, an-te-kon-vul'-slv. a. Good 
against convulsions. Floi/er. 

A'NTICOR, an'-te-kor. 166. n. s. [ivri and cor.] A 
preternatural swelling in a horse's breast, opposite 
to his heart. Farriers Dirt. 

A'NTICOSMETICK* an'-te-koz-meY-lk. a. De- 
structive of beauty. Lyttelton. 

A'NTICOURT* an'-te-korte. a. In opposition to 
the court. Reresby. 

ANTICO'URTIER, au-te-k6re'-tshur. n.s. One 
that opposes the court. 

ANTICREATOR* an-te-kre-a'-tor. n. s. One that 
opposes the Creator. Milton. 

ANTFDOTAL, an-te-d6'-tal. a. That which has 
the quality of an antidote. Brown. 

ANTIDO'TARY* an-te-dote'-a-re. a. Serving for 
a counterpoison. Cotgrave. 



To ANTIDOTES*, an'-te-dote. v. a. To furnish 
with preservatives. More. 

ANTIDOTE $,an'-te-d6te. n. s. [dvWeWos.] A med- 
icine given to expel the mischiefs of another, as ot 
DQlSOD. Quincii. 

ANTIDYSENTE'RICK, an-te-dis-en-uV-ik. a 
[avTi and dysenteria.] Good against the bloody flux. 

ANTIENT*. See Ancient. 

ANTIENTHUSIA / STICK*,an-te-§n-</iu-zhe-as'-t?k 
a. Opposing - enthusiasm. 

ANTIEPFSCOPAL*, an-te-e-pV-ko-pal. a. Ad 
verse to episcopacy. King Charles I. 

ANTIFACE*.an / -te-fase. n. s. Opposite face. B 
Jonson. 

ANTIFANA^TICKVin-te-fa-nat'-ik. n. s. An ene- 
my to fanaticks. Milton. 

ANTIFEBRILE, an-te-feb'-rll. 140. a. Good 
against fevers. Floyer. 

ANTIFLA'TTERlNG*, an-te-flat'-uir-nig. a. Op 
posite to flattering. Delany. 

ANTIHYSTE'RICK*, an-te-h?s-teV-rik. n. s. A 
medicine good against hvstericks. Bp. Berkeley. 

ANTILO'GARITHM, an-te-l6g'-a-rfe/nn. n. s. The 
complement of the logarithm of a sine, tangent, or 
secant ; or the difference of that logarithm from 
the logarithm of ninety degrees. Chambers. 

ANTI'LOGY, an-uT-6-je. ».* [omAoyia.] A con- 
tradiction between any words and passages. Diet. 

ANTFLQQJJIST, an-uF-6-kwlst. n. s. [avn and 
loquorJ] A contradictor. Diet. 

ANTFLOQUY^an-uV-6-kwe. n. s. An old word, 
denoting - preface, proem, or peroration. 

ANTIMAGI'STRICAL* an-te-ma-jis'-tre-kal. at 
Against the office of a magistrate. South. 

ANTIMANFACAL*, an-te-nm-ni'-e-kal. a. Good 
against madness. Battie. 

ANTIMASQUE*, an'-te-mask. n. s. A lesser 
masque, in contradistinction to the principal 
masque. Bacon. 

ANTIMINISTE'RIAL* an-le-min-nis-te'-re-al. a. 
Oppos'ng the ministry of the country. Gray. 

ANTIMONA'RCHICAL, an'-te-n^-nar'-k^kal. a. 
Against government by a single person. Addi- 
son. 

ANTIMONARCHIST* an-te-mon'-nar-kist. n. s. 
An enemy to monarchy. Life of A. Wood. 

ANTIMO'NIAL, an-te-nvV-ue-ai. a. Made of anti- 
mony. Grew. 

ANTIMONY $, an'-te-mfin-e. 546. n.s. [avn and 
fiovos.] A mineral substance, used in manufactures 
and medicine. Chambers. 

ANTIMO'RALIST* an-te-mdr'-al-I'st. n. s. An 
enemy to morality. Warburton. 

ANTlNEPHRPTtCK, an-te-ne-frft'-lk. a. Medi- 
cines against diseases of the kidneys. 

ANTINCMIAN* an-te-no'-me-an. n. s. [avrl and 
vo/xos, Gr.] One of the sect called Antinomians, 
enemies to the observance of the law. South. 

ANTINO'MIAN*, an-te-nd'-me-an. a. Relating to 
the Antinomians. Bp. Hall. 

ANTINOMIANISM*. an-te-n^-me-an-Jzm. n. s. 
The tenets of the Antinomians. Bp. HaU. 

ANTPNOMIST*, an-tin'-6-m?st. n. s. He who pays 
no regard to the law. Bp. Sanderson. 

ANTINOMY 7 §, an-uV-6-me. 518. n.s. A contradic- 
tion between two laws, or two articles of the same 
law. Baker. 

ANTIPAPAL*, an-te-pa'-pal. a. Opposing- popery, 
Milton. 

ANTIPAPFSTICAL*, an-te-pa-pis'-te-kak a. Op- 
posing popery. Jortin. 

ANTIPA'RALLEL*, an-te-pir'-al-lel. a. Running; 
n a contrary direction. Hammond. 

ANTIPARALYTICK, an'-te-par-a-llt'-lk. a. Effi- 
cacious against the palsy. 

ANTIPATHETICAL, an'-te-pa-^et'-e-kal. a. 
Having a natural contrariety to any thing. Howell. 

ANTIPATHE'TICK*, an-te-pa-tfieY-tik. a. Of an 
opposite disposition. Icon Lihell. 

ANTPPATHOUS*, in-tip'-i-thiis. a. Adverse. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ANTPPATHYS, an-tlp'-a-^e. 518. n. s. *vn and 
f -i3 



ANT 



ANT 



(D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin 



to0oj.] A natural contrariety to any thing, so as 

to shun it involuntarily ; aversion. Shakspeare. 
ANTIPERISTASlS, an'-te-pe-rls'-ta-sis. 520. 

n. 6'. [avwrepforaais .] The opposition of a contrary 

quality, by which the quality it opposes becomes 

heightened or intended. Cowley. 
ANTIPESTILE'NTIAL, an'-te-pes-te-len'-shal. a. 

Efficacious against the plague. Harney. 
ANTIPHLOGI'STICK*, an-te-fl6-j?s'-t?k. a. Good 

against inflammation. Sir W. Fordyce. 
ANTIPHLOGI'STICK*, an-te-fl6-jls'-tik. [See 

Phlogiston.] n. s. [fori and (p\oyi<rros.] Medi- 
cines which check inflammation. Bp. Berkley. 
A'NTIPHON§*, an'-te-f6n. n. s. [aim and <pu,vn, 

Gr.] The chant or alternate singing in the choirs 

of- cathedrals. Crashaw. An echo, or response. 

Wotton 
ANTFPHONAL* an-tif'-o-nal. a. Relating to the 

antiphon. Christian Antiquities. 
ANTFPHONAL*, an-t?f'-6-nal. n. s. A book of 

anthems. Burnet. 
ANTFPHONER*, an-tlf-6-nur. n. s. A book of 

anthems, or antiphons. Chaucer. 
ANTIPHO'NICAL*,an-te-f6n'-nik-al. a. The same 

as Antiphonal. Wheailey. 
ANTFPHONY*, an-tif '-6-ne. n. s. The same as 

Antiphon. Milton. 
ANTIPHRASIS, an-tff'-fra-sk 519. n. s. j>ri 

and fpams .] The use of words in a sense opposite 

to their proper meaning. South. 
ANTIPHRA'STICALLY*, an-te-fras'-tik-al-le. ad. 

In the manner of an antiphrasis. Bp. Morton. 
ANTFPODAL, an-t?p'-6-dal. 518. a. Relating to 

the countries inhabited by the antipodes. Brown. 
ANTIPODES, an-t'ip'-6-dez. n. s. [avrl and rites .] 

Those people who, living on the other side of the 

globe, have their feet directly opposite to ours. 

Shak. Used by way of opposition. Stafford. 

D^p We frequently hear disputes whether this word 
should be pronounced in four syllables, as it is here, 
with the accent on the second ; or in three, as if divided 
into an-ti-podes, with the accent on the first syllable, 
and the last rhyming with abodes. To solve the diffi- 
culty, it must be observed, that the word is pure Latin ; 
and that, when we adopt such words into our own lan- 
guage, we seldom alter the accent. If, indeed, the sin- 
gular of this word were in use, like satellite, 155, then 
we ought to form the plural regularly, and pronounce it 
in three syllables only ; but as it is always used in the 
plural, and is perfect Latin, we ought to pronounce it 
in four. 

" To counterpoise this hero of the mode, 

" Some for renown are singular and odd ; 

" What other men dislike is sure to please, 

M Of all mankind, these dear antipodes : 

" Through pride, not malice, they run countor still, 

" And birth-days are their days of dressing ill." 

Young'' s Love of Fame. W. 

A'NTIPOISON*, an-te-poe'-z'n. n. s. An antidote. 

Brown. 
A'NTIPOPE, an'-te-p6pe. n. s. He that usurps the 

popedom. Bp. Hall. 
A'NTIPORT*, an'-te-porte. n. s. An outward gate 

or door. Smith. 
ANTIPRELA'TICAL*, an-te-pre-lat'-e-kal. a. Ad- 
verse to prelacy. Bp. Morton. 
A'NTIPRIEST*, an'-te-preest. n. s. An enemy to 

priests. Waterland. 
ANTIPRFESTCRAFT*, an-te-preest'-kraft. n. s 

Opposition to priestcraft. Burke. 
ANTIPRPNCIPLE*, an-te-prfn'-se-pl. n.s. An op 

posite urinciple. Spenser. 
ANTIPRO'PHET*, an-te-pr&P-f et. n. s. An oppo- 
site, or an enemy to prophets. Mede. 
ANTIP TO' SIS; an-dp-to'-sis. 520. n. s. [avrfr™ 
fft?.] A figure in grammar, by which one case is 
put for another. 
ANTIPU'RITAN*, an-te-pu'-re-tan. n. s. An op- 
poser of puritans. Warton. 
ANTlUUA'RIANy*, an-te-kwa'-re-an. a. Relating 

to antiquity. Warburton. 
ANTIQUARIAN*, an-te-kwa'-re-an. n. s. Im- 
proper, for antiquary. Warburton. 



ANTIQUA'RIANISM*, an-te-kwa'-re-an-lzm. n. s 

Love of antiquities. Warburton. 
ANTIQUARY, an'-te-kwa-re. n. s. [antiquarius 
Lat.] Student of antiquity ; a collector of ancient 
things. South. 
A'NTIQUARY, an'-te-kwa-re. «. Improper, for 

old; antique. Shakspeare. 
ToA'NTIQJJATEy, an'-te-kwate. »■ «• [antiquo, 

Lat.] To make obsolete. Hale. 
A'NTlQUATEDNESS,an'-te-kwa-ted-nes. n. s 
The state of being antiquated or obsolete. Appen- 
dix to Life of Mede. 
A'NTIQUATENESS*,an'-te-kwate-nes. n.s. The 

state of being obsolete. 
ANTIQUA TlON*, an-te-kwa'-shfin. n. s. The 

state of being antiquated. Beaumont. 
ANTFQUEy, an-teek'. 112. a. [antiquus, Lat.] An- 
cient; old. Shak. Of genuine antiquity. Dry den. 
Of old fashion. Spenser. Odd; wild; antick. Donne. 
ANTI'QUE, an-teek'. n.s. An antiquity ; an ancient 

rarity. Swift. 
ANTFQUENESS, an-te£k'-nes. n.s. An appear- 
ance of antiquity. Addison. 
ANTFQUFTY, an-tlk'-kwe-te. «. s. Old times. Ad- 
dison. The people of old times. Raleigh. The 
remains of old times. Bacon. Old age. Shale. 
Ancientness. 
ANTIREVOLU'TIONARY*,an-te-rev-6-lu'-shtm- 

a-re. a. Adverse to revolutions. Burke. 
ANTIREVOLU'TIONIST*, an-te-rev-6-lu'-shfin- 
fsl. n. s. He who opposes change or revolution. 
Guthrie. 
ANTISABBATA'RIAN* an-te-sab-bat-ta'-re-an 

n. s. One of a sect so called. Pagit. 
ANTISACERDO'TAL*, an-te-sas-ser-d6'-tal. a. 

Hostile to priests. Waterland. 
ANTISCII, an-tW-e-1. n. s. [avrl and acia.) In 
geography, the people who inhabit on different 
sides of the equator, who, consequently, at noon, 
have their shadows projected opposite ways. 
Chambers. 
ANTISCORBU'TICAL, an'-te-sk6r-bu'-te-kal. a 

Good against the scurvy. Arbuthnot. 
ANTISCORBU'TICKS, an-te-sk6r-bu'-t?ks. n. s. 

Medicines against the scurvy. Arbuthnot. 
ANTISCRFPTURISM*,an-te-skrV-tu-rfzm. «• s. 

Opposition to the holy scriptures. Boyle. 
ANTISCRFPTURIST*, an-te-skrfp'-tu-r?st. n. s. 

One that denies revelation. Boyle. 
ANTISE'PTICK, an-te-sep'-tfk- «• [*»" and <"i™] 

Counteracting putrefaction. Battie. 
ANTISETTICK*, an-te-sep'-tuk. n. s. A remedy 

against putrefaction. Sir W. Fordyce. 
ANTI SPASIS, nn-ih'-p&sh. n.s. [avn and <rnaw.] 

The revulsion of any humour into another part. 
ANTISPASMO'DICKS* an'-te-spaz-m&d'-iks. n. s. 

Medicines that relieve spasms. Battie. 
ANTISPA'STICK, an-te-spas'-tik. a. [avrl and 
GiracriKos.] Medicines which cause a revulsion of 
the humours. 
ANTISPLENE'TICK, an'-te-splen'-e-t?k. a. Effica- 
cious in diseases of the spleen. Floyer. 
ANTISTES*,an-lk'-ti!z. n.s. [antistes, Lat.] The 

chief priest or prelate. Milton. 
ANTI STROPHE, an-tls'-tr6-fe. n. s. [avnarpo- 
(pri] In an ode sung in parts, the second stanza of 
every three, or sometimes every second stanza. 
Milton. , . 

ANTI STROPHON*, an-u¥-tr6-fon. n. s. A 

figure which repeats a word often. Milton. 
ANTISTRUMA'TICK, an'-te-stru-mat'-5k. a. [avrl 
and struma] Good against the king's evil . Wiseman. 
ANTITHESIS, an-t?^'-e-s!s. n. s. [avriOtmi.] 

Opposition of words or sentiments. Denliam. 
A'NTITHETONXt&n-iW-b-tbn. n.s. [avnOcTov, 

Gr.] An opposite. Instructions for Oratory. 
ANTITHETICAL*, kn-ib-thh-k-kkl. a. Placed in 

contrast. Mason. 
ANTITRINITA'RIAN*, an-te-tr?n-e-ta'-re-an. n. s. 

An opposer of the doctrine of the Trinity. Pagit. 
A'NTITYPE, an'-te-tlpe. n.s. [avTiTviros.] That 
which is resembled or shadowed out by the type j 
94 



APE 



APO 



— no, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, this. 



that of which the type is the representation. 
Burnet. 
ANTITY'PICAL, an-te-Up'-e-kal. a. That which 

relates to an antitype. 
ANTIVENE REAL, an'-te-ve-ne'-re-al. a. Good 

against the venereal disease. Wiseman. 
A'NTLER^ant / -lftr.7J..T. [andouillier, Fr.] Properly 
the first branches of a stag's horns ; but, generally, 
anv of his branches. Brown. 
A NTLERED, ant'-ler'd. a. Furnished with antlers. 

Venn*. 
A NTOECL an-tee'-sl. 296. n. s. [fori and oikm.] 
Those inhabitants of the earth, who live under the 
same meridian, and at the same distance from the 
equator ; the one toward the north, and the other 
to the south. Chambers. 
AXTONOMA'SIA, an-t6~n6-ma'-zhe-a. 453, 92. 
n. s. [avrt and dvona.] A form of speech, in which, for 
a proper name, is put the name of some dignity. 
Thus a king is called his majesty. Smith. 
AN'TRE, an 7 -tor. 416. s. [antrum, Lat.] A cavern. 

Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
A NYIL§, an'-vil. n. s. [aenpille. Sax.] The iron 
block on which metal is laid. Sha/c. Any thing 
o:i which blows are laid. Shak. To be upon the 
anvil, is to be in a state of preparation. Swift. 
ANVILED* an'-vll'd. part. a. Fashioned on the 

anvil. Beaumont and Fletcfw. 
ANXIETY, ang-zl'-e-te. 479,480. n. s. Trouble 
of mind about some future event. Tillolson. 
Lowness of spirits, with uneasiness of the stomach. 
Arbuthnot. 
AXXIOUS$, ank'-sh&s. 480. a. [anxius, Lat.] Dis- 
turbed about some uncertain event. Dnjclen. 
Careful ; unquiet. Dry den. Careful, as of a thing 
of great importance. Locke. 
A'NXIOUSLY, ank'-shos-le. ad. In an anxious 

manner. South. 

A'NY, en'-ne. 89. a. [aniW, eni£, Sax.] Every ; 

whoever he be. Shak. Whosoever ; whatsoever. 

Shak. It is used in opposition to none. Deut. xxxii. 

ANY-WHITHER* en'-ne-hwlTH-fir. ad. Any 

where. Barrow. 
AXY-WISE*, en'-ne-wize. ad. In any manner. 

Barroxc. 
A'ORIST, a'-6-r?st. n. s. [adptcrog.'] Indefinite ; a 

term in the Greek grammar. Blackwall. 
AORTA. a-orMa. 92. n. s. [aoprf,, Gr.] The great 
artery which rises immediately out of the left ven- 
tricle of the heart. Quincij. 
APA'CE, a-pase'. ad. Quickly ; speedily. Spenser. 
With haste. Pope. Hastily ; with speed. Milton. 
APAGO'GICAL, ap-a-godie'-e-kal. a. [avaywyh] 
A demonstration which does not prove the thing 
directly ; but shows *he absurdity of denying it. 
Chambers. 
APARITHMESIS*, ap-a-rfc/i-me'-sk n. s. [i™- 
fudjxfiat?, GrJ A figure in rhetorick ; enumeration. 
Rhetorical Grammar. 
APA'RT, a-part'. ad. [apart, Fr.] Separately. 
Raleigh. In a state of distinction. Dryden. Dis- 
tinctly. Raleigh. At a distance from. Slwkspeare. 
APA'RTMENT, a-part'-ment. n. s. A room. Sir J. 

Denham. 
APATHE'TICK*, ap-a-^et'-lk. a. Without feeling. 

Harris. 
A'PATHIST*, ap'-a-tftist. n. s. A man without feel- 
ing. 
APATHFSTICAL* ap-a-tfuY-te-kal. a. Indiffer- 
ent ; unfeeling. Seward. 
A'P ATHY §. ap'-a-tfie. n. s. [a and na9og.] The qual- 
ity of not feeling. Milton. 
APE §, ape. n. s. [apa, Sax.] A kind of monkey. 
Shak. An imitator. Shak. Formerly the term 
for a fool. Spenser. 
To APE, ape. v. a. To imitate. Dryden. 
APE'AK, or APETSK, a-p^ke'. ad. In a posture to 

pierce ; formed with a point. 
A'PENNINE* ap'-en-nlne. n. s. A vast ridge of 
mountains running through Italy. Beavm. and Fl. 
A'PEPSY, ap'-ep-se. 503. n. s. [axe^a.] A loss of 
natural concoction. Quincy. 



A'PER, a'-p£r. n. s. A ridiculous imitator. 

APE'RIENT, a-De'-re-ent. a. [aperio, Lat.] Gently 
purgative. Bacon. 

APERITIVE, a-per'-e-tiv. a. That which has the 
quality of opening the bowels. Harvey. 

APE'RT$, a-pert'. a. [apertus, Lat.] Open; with- 
out disguise ; evident. Fotherby. Simply, open 
Dalgarno. 

APE'RTION, a-per'-shun. n. s. An opening. Wot 
ton. The act of opening. Wiseman. 

APE'RTLY , a-pert'-le. ad. Openly. Bale. 

APE'RTNESS, a-pert'-nes. n. s. Openness. Holder. 

A'PERTURE, ap'-fir-tshure. 460, 463. n. s. The 
act of opening. Holder. An open place. Glanville. 
The hole next the object glass of a telescope or 
microscope. Newton. Enlargement; explanation. 

APE'TALOUS, a-pet'-a-lus. 314. a. [a and iterator.] 

Without petala or flower leaves. 
A'PEX, a'-peks. n. s. [Lat.] The tip or point. B. 

Jonson. 
APH^E'RESIS, a-fer'-e-sfs. 124. n. s. [^aiocms.-] 
A figure in grammar, that takes away a letter or 
syllable from the beginning of a word." 
APHELION, a-fe'-le-un. n. s. [art and f,\ m .~] 
That part of the orbit of a planet, in which it is at 
the point remotest from the sun. Cheyne. 
APHE'TA, a-fe'-ta. n. s. The name of the planet 

which is the giver of life in a nativity. Diet. 
APHE'TICAL, a-fet'-e-kal. a. Relating to the 

apheta. 
APHILA'NTHROPY, af-e-lan'-tfiri-pe. «. s. [a 

and 6i\avBpo)ma, Gr.] Want of love to mankind. 
A'PHONY, af-6-ne. r*. s. [d and <p<*vt,, Gr.] A loss 

of speech. Quincy. 
A'PHORISMS, af-6-rizm. 503.n.s. [Uopuruos, Gr.] 

A maxim. Brown. 
ATHORISMER*, af -6-rfc-mur. n. s. A dealer in 

aphorisms. Milton. 
A'PHORIST*, af-6-rlst.«.5. A writer of aphorisms. 

Nelson. 
APHORFSTICAL, af-6-rV-te-kal. a. Having the 

form of an aphorism. 
APHORFSTICALLY, af-6-rfs'-te-kal-le. ad. In the 

form of an aphorism. Harvey. 
APHRODISFACAL, af'-fro-de-zl'-a-kal. > 451. a. 
APHRODISI'ACK, af-fro-dlzh'-e-ak. 5 Relat- 
ing to the venereal disease. 
ATHRODITE*, aP-fr6-dite. n. s. ['A^o&tt?.] A 

follower of Venus. Cleaveland. 
ATIARY, a'-pe-a-re. 534. n. s. [apis, Lat.] The 

place where bees are kept. Swift. 
APICES, a-pl'-sez. n. s. [apex, Lat.] Little knobs 
that grow on the tops of the stamina, in the middle 
of a flower. Quincy. 
APFECE, a-peese'. ad. To the part or shareof each. 

Hooker. 
APl'ECES*, a-peese'-ez. ad. In pieces. Beaumont 

and JFletclier. 
A'PIStI, a'-plsh. a. Having the qualities of an ape. 
Shak. Foppish ; affected. Shak. Silly ; trifling. 
Glanville. Wanton; playful. Prior. 
ATISHLY, a'-pish-le. ad. In an apish manner. 

Milton. 
A'PISHNESS, a'-pish-nes. n. s. Mimickry ; foppery. 

Congreve. 
APFTPAT, a-plt'-pat. ad. With quick palpitation. 
Congnreve. 
j APLUSTRE, a-phV-tur. n. s. [Lat.] The an- 
cient ensign carried in sea vessels. Addison. 
APO'CALYPSE$, a-pok'-a-lips. n. s. [AiroKaAtfTrrw.] 
Revelation ; the last book in the sacred canon. 
Milton. 
APO'CALYPTICAL, a-p6k-a-iy-te-kal. a . Con- 

cerning revelation, or the book so called. Burnet. 
APOCALYTTICALLY, a-pok-a-llp'-te-kal-e. ad. 

In such a manner as to reveal something secret. 
APOCALYTTICK* a-p6k-a-lip / -tik. a. The same 

as apocalyptical. Spenser. 
APOCALYTTICK*, a- P 6k-a-l?p'-t?k. n.s. Apoca- 
lyptical writer. Lightfoot. 
APOCOPE, a-pok'-i-pe. n. s. [airoicoir , Gr.] A 



APO 



APO 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: 



figure in grammar, when the last letter or sylla- 
ble of a word is taken away 3 as, apoptex for apo- 
plexy. 
APOCRUSTICK, ap-6-krus ; -tlk. a. [AvoKpSonica.] 
Endued with a repelling- and astringent power. 
Chambers. 
APO'CRYPHAsSa-pok'-re-fa, 92. n.s. [ixoKpimu.] 
Books appended to the sacred writings of doubt- 
ful authority. Hooker. 
APOCRYPHAL, a-pok'-re-faL a. Not canonical; or 
uncertain authority. Hooker. Contained in the 
apocrypha. Addison. An account of uncertain 
credit. Bp. Barlow. A person of uncertain credit. 
B. Jcmsov. 
APOCRYPHAL*, a-pok'-re-fal.n. s. A writing not 

canonical. Hanmer. 
APO'CRYPHALLY, a-pok'-re-fal-le. ad. Uncer- 
tainly. 
APOCRYTHICAL*, ap-6-krif-e-kal. a. Doubtful ; 

not authentick. Bp. Bull. 
APODFCTICAL^p-o-dlk'-te-kal.a. [dMiifc, Gr.] 

Demonstrative. Brown. 
APODFCTICALLY, ap-o-dlk'-te-kal-e. ad. So as 

to be evident beyond contradiction. 
APODFCTICK* ap-6-dik'-t?k. a. Demonstrable. 

Robinson* 
APODJ'XIS, ap-o-dlk'-sk 527. n. s. Demonstration. 

Sir G. Buck. 
APO'DOSIS* a-pod'-i-sk n.s. [iwoSons, Gr.] The 

application or latter part of a similitude. Mede. 
APODYTE'RIVM, a-pdd-e-te'-re-iim. n. s. [d-o- 
Svrepiov, Gr.] A dressing-room : the room before the 
entrance into the convocation-house at Oxford is so 
called to this day. Anciently the dressing-room 
of baths. Life or A. Wood. 
APOGJE J ON, ap-o-je'-on. 527. ) n. s. [dri and 
APOGEE, ap'-o-je- 503. £ yh, Gr.] A point 

APOGE' UM, ap-o-je'-um. ) in the heavens, 

in which the sun, or a planet, is at the greatest dis- 
tance possible from the earth in its whole revolu- 
tion. Cliambers. 
APO'GIATURAx^-ptdje'-b-UW-rLn. 5. [Ital.] 

A cadence, in musick. Mason. 
APOGRAPH*, ap'-6-graf. n.s. [diroypaQov , Gr.] A 

copy. 
APOLLINARIAN* a-p6l-e-na'-re-an. ) n.s.Onecf 
APOLLINA'RIST* a-pdl-e-na'-rfst. \ the sect of 
Apollinarisof Laodicea, who maintained monstrous 
notions about the nature of Christ. Hooker. 
APOLOGE'TICAL, a-pol-o-jet'-e-kal. ) a. That 
APOLOGE'TICK,a-p6l-6-jeV4k. J which is 

said in defence. Hakewill. 
APOLOGETICALLY, a-pol-o-jet'-e-kal-e. ad. In 

the wav of defence. 
APOLOGIST, a-p&l'-o-jk. n. s. He that makes an 

apology. Bp. Bull. 
To APOLOGIZE, a-p&'-d-jlze. v. n. To plead in 

favour of. Decay of Piety. 
APOLOGIZER, a-poF-6-jl-zur. n. s. Defender. 

Hanmnr. 
APOLOGUE §, ap'-6-l6g. 338, 503. n. s. \d-Ko\oyos, 

Gr.] Fable. Brown. r 

APOLOGUER*, ap'-6-l6g-ur. n.s. A fabler. Burt. 
APOLOGY $, a-poF-6-je. 518. n. s. [dnoXoyia.] De- 
fence; excuse. Milton. 
APOMECO'METRY, ap'-i-me-kom'-me-tre. 527. 
n. s. [d-rrb and jifjKos .] The art of measuring things 
at a distance. Diet. 
APONE URO'SIS, a-pan-nu-r^-sls. n. s. [dri and 
veupov.] An expansion of a nerve into a membrane. 
Sharp. 
APO'PHASIS, a-p6P-a-sk 520. n.s. [d^aais.] A 
figure, by which the orator seems to wave what he 
would plainly insinuate. Smith. 
APOPHLE / GMATICK,ap-6-fleg / -ma-tlk. 510. n. s. 
[dno and <p\£yua] That which has the quality of 
drawing away phlegm. 
APOPHLE'GMATISM, ap-o-fleg'-ma-tlzm. n.s. A 

medicine to draw phlegm. Bacon. 
APOPHLEGMA'TIZANT, ap-i-fleg-mat'-e-zant. 
n.s. Any remedy which causes an evacuation of 
humour. Quincy. 



ATOPHTHEGM, ap'-6-*/iem. 503. n.s. [dzo^eyua.] 
A remarkable saying ; a valuable maxim. Bioini. 

APO'PHYGE,k-vb?-b.-ft. n.s. [dvroyvyr,.] In archi- 
tecture, that part of a column, where it begins to 
spring out of its base; the spring of the column. 
Chambers. 

APOPHYSIS, a-poF-e-sk 520. n. s. [ixofwis.] 
The prominent parts of some bones. Quincy. 

APOPLE'CTICAL. ap-6-pleV-te-kal. )a. Relating 

APOPLE'CTICK, ap-o-plek'-dk. $ to an apo- 
| plexy. Broum. 

I APOPLE'CTICK^ap-6-pleV-tik. n. s. One seized 
with an apoplexy. Knatchbull. 

APOPLEX §, ap'-6-pleks. n. s. Apoplexy. Dryden. 

ATOPLEXED, ap'-i-plekst. a. Seized with an apo- 
plexv. Shakspeare. 

ATOPLEXYS, ap'-o-plek-se. 517. n.s. [dm^A^?.] 
A sudden deprivation of all internal and external 
sensation, and of all motion, unless of the heart 
and thorax. Quincy. 

APO'RIA, a-p^-re-a. 505, 92. n. s. [dzopia.] A 
figure by which the speaker doubts where to be- 
gin. Smith. 

APORRHO'EA, ap-por-re'-a. 92. n. s. [dnoftpdiz].] 
Effluvium.. Glanvitle. 

APOSIOPE'SIS, a- P 6zh-e-6-pe / -s?s.520. 526. n. s. 
\dixo<jiu-Krioi g.] A form of speech,by which the speak- 
er, through some affection, breaks off his speech 
before it be all ended. Smith. 

APQ'STASY, a-pos'-ta-se. n. s. Departure from what 
a man has professed. Ayliffe. 

APO'STATE$, ap-pos'-tale. 91. n, s. [diroo-jarm-] 
One that has forsaken his profession. Ayliffe. 

APOSTATE* ap-pSs'-late. a. False ; traitorous. 
Spenser. 

To APOSTATE* ap^s'-tate. v.n. To apostatize 
Montagu. 

APOSTATICAL, ap-p6s-tat'-e-kal. a. After the 
manner of an apostate. Sandys. 

To APOSTATIZE, a- P 6s / -ta-tlze. v. n. To forsake 
one's profession. Worthington. 

To APOSTEMATE, a-p&s'-te-mate. 91. v. n. Tc 
become an aposteme. Milton. 

APOSTEMA'TION, a-pos-te-ma'-shfin. n. s. Th« 
formation of an aposteme. Grew. 

APOSTEME $, ap'^-steme. 503. > k. s. [dirocrrrj/xa 
A'POSTUME, V-6-stume. 503. 5 Gr.] An ab' 

scess. Brown. 
APO'STLE^a-pos'-sl. 472,405. n.s. [aitdcToXos] A 
person sent with mandates by another. It is par 
ticularly applied to them whom our Saviour do 
puted to preach the Gospel. Shakspeare. 

ft^T This word is sometimes heard in the pulpit, as if di- 
vided into a-po-stle ; the second syllable like the first 
of po-et. If the long quantity of the 0, in the Latin 
apostolus, is urged for a similar length of the English 
apostle, let us only turn to No. 537 of the Principles, and 
we shall see the futility of arguing from the Latin quan- 
tity to ours. If these reasons are not satisfactory, it is 
hoped that those who are abettors of this singular pro 
nunciation will alter e-pis-tle into e-pi-stle, the second 
syllable like pie, and then their reasoning and practice 
will be uniform. W. 

APO'STLESHIP, a-pos'-sl-shfp. n. s. The office of 
an apostle. Donne. 

APO'STOLATE*, a-pos'-ti-latb. n. s. Apostleship 
Killingbeck. 

APOSTOLICAL, ap-os-t&T-e-kaU. Taught by the 
apostles. Hooker. 

APOSTO'LICAI LY, ap-os-tSF-e-kal-le. ad. In the 
manner of the apostles. More. 

APOSTO'LICALNESS, ap-6s-t6F-e-kal-nes. n. s. 
The quality of relating to the apostles. More. 

APOSTO'LtCK, ap-os-tolMTk. 508. a. Taught by or 
belonging to an apostle. Dryden. 

APOSTOLICKS* ap-Ss-t&l'-fiks. n. s. A sect of 
itinerant anabaptists. Fulke. 

APO 1 STROPHE, a-pos'-tro-fe. 518. n.s. [diracTpo- 
<pfi.] A diversion of speech to another person than 
the speech did intend or require. Smith. The con- 
traction of a word by the use of a comma ; as, tho 
for though. Sv)ift. 

9G 



APP 



APP 



-116, move, ndr, ndtj — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — <7rin, THis. 



AfO STROPHlCK*a-p6s-tr6f-l1k. a. Denoting; an 
apostrophe. 

To APOSTROPHIZE, a-p6s'-tro-flze. v.a.To ad- 
dress by an apostrophe. Pope. 

A'POSTUME. See Aposteme. 

APOTHE'CA*, ap-O-ffce'-ka. n. s. [apotheca, Lat.] 
An apothecary's shop. Sir W. Petty. 

APOTHECARY, a-pi^-e-ka-re. 470. n. s. A man 
whoso employment is to provide medicines for sale. 
speare. 

OCT There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, not 
confined to tho vulgar, as if it were written Apote- 
canj. TV. 

A'POTHEG M § , ap'-o-tfuem. 503. n. s. [properly apo- 
phthegm.'] A remarkable saying". Walton. 

APOTHEGMA'TICAL*, ap-o^/igg-mat'-e-kal. a. 
In the manner of an apothegm. Warton. 

APOTHE'GMATIST*, ap-b-tfieg'-ma-tist. n. s. A 
collector of apothegms. Arbuthnol. 

To APOTHE'GMATIZEf, ap-o-JAeg'-ma-tlze. v. n 
To utter remarkable sayings. 

APOTHE'OSIS^ap-^-i/ie'-i-sis. n. s. [inoQiaais.'] 
Deification. South, 

£5= This word, like Siletamorphosis^haiS deserted its Lat 
in acceiuuation on the penultimate syllable, and return' 
ed to its original Greek accent on the antepenultimate- 1 
See Principles, No. 503, (d.) The other words of this 
termination, as Anadiplosis, Jlntiptosis, &c. retain the 
Latin accent, though all these words in Greek have 
the accent on the antepenultimate. This accentuation 
on the antepenultimate is so agreeable to the genius of 
our own tongue, that it is no wonder it is so preva- 
lent. Johnson, Sheridan, Kenrick, Ash, Scott, Buchan- 
an, Bailey, and Perry, have adopted it as I have done ; 
and only Smith, Barclay, and Entick, accent the penul- 1 
timate. So eminent a poet as Garth approves of the 
choice I have made, where he says, 

" Allots the prince of his celestial line 
" An apotheosis, and rites divine." TV. 

APO'THESIS*, i-pbth'-h-sh. n. s. [a-ddricis, Gr.] A 
place on the south side of the chancel, in the primi- 
tive churches, furnished with shelves, on which 
were books, vestments, &c. Sir G. Wilder. 
APO'TOME, a-p6t'-6-me. n. s. [diroTfuvw.] The re- 
mainder or difference of two incommensurable quan- 
tities. The part remaining of an entire tone, after 
a great semitone has been taken from it. Clmmbers. 
A'POZEM§, ap'-o-zem. 503. n. s. [aw and £&>.] A 

decoction. Wiseman. 
APOZE MICAL*, ap-6-zenV-e-kal.a. Like a decoc- 
tion. Whitaker. 
To APPA'1R§*. ap-pare'. v. a. [apaejian, Sax.] To 

impair, or bring into decay. Sir T. Ehjot. 
To APPA'IR*. ap-pare'. t*. n. To degenerate. Mo- 
rality of every Man. 
To APPA'M, ap-pall'. 406. v. a. [appalir, Fr.] To 

fright. Spenser. 
To APPA'L*, ap-pall. v. n. {jialleo, Lat.] To grow 

faint ; to be dismayed. Lydgate. 
APPA'LEMENT, ap-pall'-ment. n. s. Impression of 

fear. Bacon. 
A'PPANAGE, ap'-pa-naje. 90,503. n. s. [appanagi 
um, low Latin.] Lands set apart by princes for the 
maintenance ot their younger children. Bacon. 
APPARATUS, ap-pa-ra'-tfis. n. s. [Latin.] Means 
to any certain end, as the tools of a trade. Wood- 
ward. 
APPA'REL§, ap-par'-el. n. s. [appareil, Fr.] Dress. 

Shakspeare. External habiliments. Waller. 
To APPAREL, ap-par'-el v. a. To dress, 2 Sam. 
xiii. To adorn with dress. Sidney. To cover or 
deck, as with dress Bacon. To fit out. Hay ward. 
APPA'RENCE$*, ap-pa'-rense. n. s. [Fr.] Appear- 
ance. Chaucer. 
APPA'RENCY*, ap-pa/-ren-se. n. s. Appearance. 

Gower. 

APPARENT, ap-pa'-rent. a. Plain; indubitable. 

Hooker. Seeming.' Hale. Visible. Atterlniry. Open ; 

evident. Shaft. Certain ; not presumptive. Sliak. 

APPARENT, ap pa'-rent. n. s. For heir apparent 

Sliakspeare. 
APPARENTLY, ap-pa'-rent-le ad. Evidently; 
seeminglv. Sliakspeare. 
13 



APPA'RENTNESS*, ap-pa'-rent-n&s. 71. s. <tW 
which is apparent. Sherwood. 

APPARI'TION, ap-pd-rlsh'-un. n. s. Appearance ; 
visibility. Milton. The thing appearing. Sliak. 
A spectre., Sliak. Something only apparent. Den- 
liam. The visibility of some luminary, opposed to 
ircultation. Brown. 

APPA'RITOR, ap-par'-e-tar. 98. n.s. [apparo, Lat.] 
An officer of any court of judicature. Ayliffe. The 
lowest officer of the ecclesiastical court; a sum- 
nioner. Ayliffe. 

To^ APPA'Yjap-pa'. v. a. [appaijer, oldFr.] To satis- 
fy ; to content. Sidney. Ob. J. 

To APPE'ACH^ap-peetsh'. v.a. [apesclier, old Fr.] 
To accuse. Bacon. To censure. Spenser. 

APPE'ACHER, ap-peetsh'-ur. n. s. An accuser. 

APPE'ACHMENT, ap-peetsh'-ment. n. s. Accusa- 
tion. Hai/ivard. 

To APPEALS, ap-pele'. v. n. [appelh, Lat.] To 
transfer a cause from one to another. Hooker. To 
refer to another judge. Locke. To call another as 
witness. Locke. 

To APPE'AL*, ap-pele'. v. a. To charge with a 
crime. Shakspeare. To pronounce. Spenser. 

APPE'AL, ap-pele'. n. s. A provocation from, an in- 
feriour to a superiour judge. Ayliffe. In common 
law, an accusation. Cowel. A summons to answer a 
charge. Dryden.. A call upon any as witness. Bacon. 

APPE'ALABLE* 4«-«Aw.a-M „ «„k;„»« *« o. 



He that appeals. 



ap-pele'-a-bl. a. Subject to 
appeal. Howell. 

APPE'ALANT, ap-pel'-lant. 
Shakspeare. 

APPE'ALER. ap-pele'-ur. n. s. One that makes an 
appeal. It means also, in our old language, an 
accuser. Fox. 

To APPE'AR §, ap-pere'. v. n. [appareo, Lat.] To be 
in sight. Prior. To become visible, as a spirit. 
Acts. To stand in the presence of another. Psalm 
xlii. To be the object of observation. Psalm xc. 
To exhibit one's self. Sliakspeare. To be made 
clear by evidence. Spenser. To seem in opposition 
to reality. Sidney. To be plain beyond dispute. 
Arbvihnot. 

APPE'AR*, ap-pere'. n. s. Appearance. Fletcher. 

APPE'ARANCE,ap-pe'-ranse.«.s. The act of com- 
ing into sight. The thing seen. Phenomena. 
Glunville. Semblance ; not reality. Hay ward. Out- 
side ; show. Rogers. Entry into a place. Addison. 
Apparition. Addison. Exhibition of the person to 
a court. Shak. Open circumstance of a case. Swift. 
Presence; mien. Addison. Probability. Bacon. 

APPE'ARER, ap-pe'-rur. 98. n. s. The person that 
appears. Brown. 

APPE'ARING*, ap-pere'-ing. n. s. The act of ap- 



pearing. 
PPE'AS 
APPE'ASABLENESS, ap-pe'-za-bl-nes. n. s. Rec- 



APPE'ASABLE. ap-pe'-za-bl.405. a. Reconcilable. 



oncilableness. 
To APPE'ASE§, ap-peze'. v. a. [appaiser, Fr.] To 

quiet. Ecclus. xliii. To pacify. 1 Mac. xiii. To 

still. Dry dm. 
APPE'ASEMENT, ap-peze'-ment. n. s. A state of 

peace. Hayward. 
APPE'ASER. ap-pe'-zur. 98. n. s. He that pacifies 

others. Shencood. 
APPE'ASPVE*, ap-pe'-siv. a. That which mitigates 

or appeases. Sherwood. 
APE'LLANCY*, ap-pel'-lan-se. n. s. Appeal. 
APPE'LLANT, ap-pel'-lant. n.s. A challenger. 

Shak. One that appeals from a lower to a higher 

power. Ayliffe. 
APPE'LLANT*, ap-peJ'-lant. a. Appealing. Const 

and Canons Eccl. 
APPE'LLATE, ap-pel'-late. 91. a. The person 

appealed against. Ayliffe. Created on appeal. 

Burke. 
APPELLATION, ap-pel-la'-shfin. n. s. Name by 

which any thing is called.jBroun. Appeal. B.Jonson. 
APPE'LLATIVE, ap-pel'-la-tiv. n. s. A title, or dis- 
tinction. Bp. Taylor. 
APPE'LLATIVE*, ap-pel'-la-tiv. a. Common ; usu 

al. Bp. Bull. 

97 



APP 














APP 


\TT 559.- 


-Fate, far 


fall, 


fat; 


-me, 


m£t; 


—pine 


pin;— 



APPE'LLATIVELY ap-peT-la-tiv-le. ad. Accord- 
ing to the manner or nouns appellative. 

APPE'LLATORY, ap-pel'-la-tur-e. a. That which 
contains an appeal. 

APPE'LLEE, ap-pel-lee'. n.s. One who is appealed 

against. Diet. 
To APPE'ND§, ap-pend'. v. a. [appendo, Lat.] To 
hang- any thing upon another. Dr. Johnson. To 
add to something. Johnson. 

APPE'NDANCE*, ap-pen'-danse. n. s. Something 
annexed. Bp. Hall. 

APPE'NDAGE, ap-pen'-daje. 90. n. s. Something 
added. Taylor. 

APPENDANT, ap-pen'-dant. a. Hanging to some- 
thing else. Sir E. Sandys. Belonging to. Taylor. 

APPENDANT, ap-pen'-dant.ra.s. Accidental or ad- 
ventitious. Hale. 

APPE'NDENCY*, ap-pen'-den-se. n. s. That which 
is bv right annexed. Spelman. 

To APPE'NDICATE, ap-pen'-de-kate. 91. v. a. To 
add to. Hale. 

APPENDICA'TION, ap-pen-de-ka'-shun. 459. n. s. 
Appendage. Hale. 

APPENDIX, ap-pen'-diks. n.s. Something append- 
ed. Stillinsjleet. An adjunct or concomitant. 
Watts. 

To APPERCEFVE §*, ap-per-seve'. v. n. [apperce- 
voir.] To comprehend; to understand. Chaucer. 
Ob. T. 

APPERCEFVING*, ap-per-se'-vmg. n. s. Percep- 
tion. Chancer. 

APPERCEPTION*, ap-per-sep'-shfin. n. s. That 
degree of perception, which reflects upon itself. 
Reid. 

APPE'RIL*, ap-per'-rll. n. s. Danger. Sliakspeare. 

To APPERTAIN^, ap-peY-tane'. v. n. [appartenir, 
Fr.] To belong to as of right. Raleigh. To belong- 
to by nature or appointment. Hooker. 

APPERTA'INMENT, ap-pgr-tane'-ment. n. s. That 
which belongs to any rank. Shakspeare. 

APPE'RTENANCE, ap-per'-te-nanse. n. s. That 
which belongs to. Brown. 

To APPURTENANCE*, ap-peV-te-nanse. v. a. To 
have as right belonging. Carew. 

APPE'RTINENT, ap-peV-te-nent. «. Belonging. 
Shakspeare. 

APPE'RTINENT §*] ap-peV-te-nent. n. s. Any thing 
pertaining. Shakspeare. 

ATPETENCE §, ap'-pe-tense. ) n. s. [appetence, old 

APPETENCY, ap'-pe-ten-se. \ Fr.] Carnal desire. 
Milton. Simplv desire. Sir K. Digby. 

A'PFETENT^ap'-ne-tent. a. [appetens, Lat.] Very 
desirous. Sir G. Buck. 

A PPETIBLE, ap'-pe-te-bl. 405. a. [appetibilis, Lat.] 
Desirable. Bramhall. 

APPETIBFLITY, ap-pet-te-bil'-e-te. n. s. The qual- 
ity of being desirable. Bramhall. 

ATPETITES, ap'-pe-tlte. 155. n. s. [appetitus, Lat.] 
The natural desire of good. Hooker. The desire 
of sensual pleasure. Sliak. Violent longing. Da- 
vies. The thing eagerly desired. Swift. Keenness 
of stomach; hunger. Bacon. 

To A'PPETITE*, ap'-pe-tlte. v. a. To desire. Sir 
T. Elyot. Ob. T. 

APPETFTION, ap-pe-tlsh'-fin. 507. n. s. Desire. 
Hammond. 

A'PPETITIVE, ap'-pe-te-tiv. a. That which desires. 
Hale. 

To APPLA-TJD}, ap-plavvd'. v. a. [applaudo, Lat.] 
To praise by clapping the hand. Shak. To praise 
in general. Pope. 

APPLA UDER, ap-plaw'-dfir. 98. n. s. He that 
praises. Burton. 

APPLA'USE, ap-plawz'. n. s. Approbation loudly 
expressed. Shakspeare. 

APPLA'USIVE* ap-plaw'-siv. a. Applauding. Sir 
R. Fansliaw. 

ATPLE^ap'-pl. 405. n. s. [appl, aeppel, Sax.] The 
fruit of the apple-tree. Pope. The pupil of the eye. 
Deut. xxxii. 10. 

To ATPLE^V-pl. v. n. To form like an apple. 
Marshall. 



A'PPLE-GRAFT, ap'-pl-graft. n. s. A twig of apple- 

tree grafted upon another tree. Boyle. 
A'PPLE-HARVEST*, ap'-pl-har-vest. n. s. The time 

of gathering apples. B. Jonson. 
ATFLE-JOHN*. See John-apple. 
A'PPLE-TREE, ap'-pl-tree. n. s. The tree produc 

ing apples, of which there is a great variety. Miller 
A'PPLE- WOMAN, ap'-pl-wum-un. n. s. A woman 

that sells apples. 
A'PPLE-YARD^ap'-pl-yard. n.s. An orchard. 
APPLFABLE, ap-pll'-a-bl. 405. a. That which may 

be applied. Hooker. 
APPLIANCE, ap-pll'-anse. n. s. The act of apply- 
ing. Shakspeare. 
APFL1CABFLITY, ap-ple-ka-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Fitness 

to be applied to something. More. 
A'PPLICABLE, ap'-ple-ka-bl. a. That which may 

be applied. Dryaen. 
A'PPLICABLENESS, ap'-ple-ka-bl-nes. n. s. Fit- 
ness to be applied. Boyle. 
A'PPLICABLY, ap'-ple-ka-ble. ad. So as to be 

properly applied. 
APPLICANT*, V-ple-kant. n. s. He who applies. 
A PPLICATE, ap'-ple-kate. 91. n. s. A right line 

drawn across a curve, so as to bisect the diameter 

thereof. Chambers. 
To A'PPLICATE* ap-'-ple-kate. v. a. To apply 

Pearson. 
APPLICATION, ap-ple-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act of 

applying; the thing applied; solicitation. Swift. 

The employment of means. Hooker. Intenseness 

of thought. Locke. Attention to some particular 

affair. Addison. Reference to some case. Rogers. 
A'PPLICATIVE, ap'-ple-kd-tiv. 512. a. That which 

applies. Bramhall. 
A'PPLICATORILY* ap'-ple-ka-tur-re-le. ad. In a 

manner which applies. Montagu. 
ATPLICATORY, ap'-ple-ka-tfir-re. 512. a. That 

which comprehends the act of application. Bp. 

Wilkins. 
A'PPLICATORY, ap'-ple-ka-tur-re. ». s. That 

which applies. Taylor. 
APPLPEDLY* ap-pll'-gd-le. ad. In a manner 



which may be applied. Montagu. 

pll'-ur. n 
Montagu 



APPLFER*, ap-pll'- 



He who applies. 
Application. 



APPLFMENT*, ap-pll'-ment. n. 
Marston. Ob. T. 

To APPLY' $, ap-plK v. a. [amplico, Lat.] To put 
one thing to another. Dryden. To lay medica- 
ments upon a wound. Addison. To make use of 
as suitable. Dryden. To put to a certain use. 
Clarendon. To use as means. Rogers. To fix 
the mind upon. Prov. xxiii. To have recourse to ; 
to address to. Milton. To busy ; to keep at work. 
Sidney. To act upon ; to ply. Spenser. 

To APPLY 7 , ap-pli'. v. n. To suit ; to agree. Shak. 
To have recourse to. Swift. To attach by way 
of influence. Rogers. 

To APPOINT $, ap-pdnu 7 . v. a. [appointer, Fr.] 
To fix any thing. Galat. iv. To settle by com- 
pact. Gen. To establish by decree. 2 Sam. vi. 
To furnish in all points. A. Barclay. To limit, or 
direct ; or rather to blame. Milton. 

To APPOINT*, ap-p6?nt / . v. n. To decree. 2 Sam. 
xvii. 

APPO'INTER, ap-poin'-tfir. 98. n. s. He that fives. 
Gregory. 

APPOINTMENT, ap-pSlnt'-ment. n. s. Stipulation. 
Job, li. Decree. Hooker. Direction ; order. 
Slutk. Equipment. Sliak. An allowance paid to 
any man. ffurd. 

APPO'RTER*, ap-por'-tur. n. s. [apporter, Fr.] A 
bringer into the realm. Hale. 

To APPO'RTION §, ap-p6re'-shfin. v. a. [apportion- 
ner, Fr.] To set out m just proportions. Bacon. 

APPO'RTIONATENESS* ap-p6re'-shun-ate-n&. 
n. s. Just proportion. Hammond. 

APPORTIONMENT, ap-pire'-shfin-ment. n. s. A 
dividing_into portions. Chambers. 

APPO'RTIONER*, ap-p6re'-shan-flr. n.s. A lim- 
iter ; a bounder. Cotgrave. 



aip 



APP 



— no, mfive, n6r, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — 6?l ; — pound ; — thin, thjs. 



To APPOSED ap-p6ze'. v - a - [apposer, Fr. ap- 
pono, Lat.] To put questions to. Bacon. A latin- 
ism ; to apply to. Harvey. 
APPO'SER*," ap-po -zur. 71. 5. An inquirer; a 

questioner. 
A tTOSITE.ap'-p6-z?t. 15(5. a. Proper ; fit. Walton. 
APPOSITELY, ap'-p6-zit-le. ad. Properly ; suita- 
bly. Harveu. 
ATPOSlTENESS, ap'-po-zit-nes. n.s. Fitness. 

Hale. 
APPOSITION, ap-p6-zish'-an. n. s. The addition 
of new matter. Arbitthnot. The putting of two 
nouns in the same case. Pearson. 
APPO'SITIVE*. ap-pdz'-e-t'fv. a. Applicable. 

Knatehbull. 
To APPRAISE £, ap-praze'. v. a. [prethim, Lat.] 

To set a price upon. Bp. Hall. 
APPRA ISER. ajj-pra'-zftr. 98. n. s. He who sets a 

price. Gnat's Spleeti. 
APPRAISEMENT*, ap-praze'-ment. n. *. [For- 
merlvand rijhtlv. apprisement.] Valuation. Blackst. 
APPRECATIOND, ap-pre-ka'-shun. n. s. [appre- 

cor, Lat.] Earnest praver. Bp. Hall. 
A'PPRECATORY*, ap'-pre-ka-nir-e. a. Praying 

or wishing any srood. Bp. Hall. 
APPRECIABLE t,ap-pre'-she-a-bl. a. The capa- 
bility of being; estimated. 
To APPRECIATED, ap-pre -she-ale. v. a. [ap- 

precier, Fr.] To estimate. Gibbon. 
APPRECIATION*, ap-pre-she-a'-shun. n. s. Val- 
uation. 
To APPREHE ND6, ap-pre-hend'. v. a. [apprehen- ! 
do, Lat.] To lay hold on. Taylor. To seize in j 
order for trial. 2 Cor. xi. To conceive by the 
mind. Hooker. To think on with terrour. Temple. 
To notice. Ld. Clarendon. 
APPREHE NDER, ap-pre-hen'-dur. n. s. Conceiv- 
er; thinker. Glanville. The person who appre- 
hends another. Walsall. 
APPREHENSIBLE, ap-pre-heV-se-bl. 160. a. 

That which mav be apprehended. Brown. 
APPREHENSION, ap-pre-hen'-shun. n.s. The 
mere contemplation of things. Watts. Opinion ; 
sentiments. Digby. The faculty of conceiving- 
new ideas. Milton. Fear. Hooker. Suspicion; 
seizure. Shak. The power of seizing. Brown. 
APPREHENSIVE, ap-pre-hen'-siv. 158. a. Quick 
to understand. Beaum . and Fl. Fearful. Addison. 
Perceptive ; feeling. Milton. 
APPREHE NSIVELY, ap-pre-hen'-sk-le. ad. In 

an apprehensive manner. 
APPREHE NS1VENESS, ap-pre-hen'-siv-nes. n.s. 

Being apprehensive. Sir H. Wotton. 
APPRENTICE?, ap-pren'-tis. 140, 142. n.s. [ap- 
prenti, Fr.] One that is bound to serve for a certain 
term of years, upon condition that the tradesman 
shall instruct him in his art. Cowel. 
To APPRENTICE. ap-preV-tis. v. a. To put out 

as an apprentice. Pope. 
APPRENTICEHOOD, ap-pren'-tls-hikl. n. s. The 

rears of an apprentice's servitude. Shakspeare. 
APPRENTICESHIP, ap-pren'-lis-sh?p. n, 5. The 

same as apprenticehood. LHgby. 
APPRENTISAGE*, ap-pren'-lis-aje. n. s. Appren- 
ticeship. Bacon. 
To APPRIZE 4, ap-prlze'. v. a. [appris, Fr.] To 

inform. Watts. 
APPRI'ZE*, ap-prlze'. n. s. Information. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
To APPROACH $, ap-prdtsh'. r. v. [approclier, Fr.] 
To draw near, locally. Sliak. To draw near, as 
time. Bern. xxxi. To make a progress towards, 
as mentally. Jer. xxx. To come near by natural 
affinity, or resemblance; to contract marriage 
with. Lex-iticvs. 
To APPRO 7 ACH, ap-protsh'. v. a. To bring near 

to. Browne. To come near to. Temple. 
APPRO'ACH, ap-protsh'. n. s. The act of drawing 
near. Shak. Access. Bacon. Hostile advance. 
Shaksjjeare. Means of advancing. Dryden. 
APPROACHABLE*, ap-pr6tsh 7 -a-bl.a. Accessi- 
ble. Johnson. 



APPRO'ACHER, ap-pro'-tsh&r. 98. n s. He that 

approaches. Shakspeare. 
APFRO'ACHMENT, ap-protsh'-ment. n.s. The 

act of coming' near. Brown. 
APPROBATED, ap'-pro-bate. part. a. [approbo, 

Lat.] Approved. Sir T. Elijot. Ob. T. 
APPROBATION, ap-pro-ba'-shun. n.s. The act of 
approving. Shak. The liking of any thing. Hooker. 
Attestation; support. Sliakspeare. 
A'PPROBATrvE* ap'-pr6-bi-tlv. a. Approving. 

Cotgrave. 
A'PPROBATORY*. ap'-pro-ba-tfir-re. a. Approv 

ing. Sheldon. 
ToAPPROMPT* ap-prompt'. v. a. To excite ; to 

quicken. Bacon. 
APPRO OF, ap-pr66f\ n. s. Approbation. Sliak. 
To APPRO PER ATE. ap-pr6p'-per-ate. v. a. [ap- 

propero. Lat.] To hasten. Bid. 
To APPROPINQUATED, ap-pro-pln'-kwate. v.n. 

[appropinquo. Lat.] To draw nigh unto. 
APPROP1NQUATION*, ap-pio-pin-kwa'-shfln. 

n. s. Approaching:. Bp. Hall. 
To APPROPI NQUE, ap-pro-pink'. v. a. To ap- 
proach. Hudibras. A ludicrous word. 
APPROPRIABLE, ap-pr6'-pre-a-bl. a. What may 

be appropriated. Brown. 
To APPRO'PRIATE §, ap-pro'-pre-ate. 91. v. a. 
[ajyproprio, low Lat.] To consign to some use. 
Hooker. To claim or exercise. Milton. To 
make peculiar. Locke. In law, to alienate a ben- 
efice. Ayliffe. 
APPROPRIATE, ap-pr6'-pre-ate. 91. a. Peculiar. 

Bacon. 
APPROPRIATE*, ap-pr6'-pre-ate. n.s. Peculi- 
arity. Boi/le. 
APPROPRIATELY*, ap-pr6'-pre-ate-le. ad. Fitly. 
APPROPRIATENESS*, ap-pr6'-pre-ate-nes. n.s. 

Fitness. 
APPROPRIATION, ap-pro-pre-a'-shun. n. s. Ap- 
plication to a particular purpose. Locke. The 
claim of any thing as peculiar. Shak. The fixing 
a particular signification. Locke. In law, a sever- 
ing- of a benefice ecclesiastical to the use of some 
religious house, or dean and chapter, bishoprick, or 
college. Cowel. 
APPROPRIATOR, ap-pr6-pre-a'-tur. 98. n. s. 
One possessed of an aopropriated benefice. Ayliffe. 
APPROPRFETARY*, ap-pro-prl'-e-tar-e. n. s. A 

lav possessor of the profits of a benefice. Spelman. 
APPROVABLE, ap-pr66'-va-bl. a. Meriting appro- 
bation. Brown. 
APPRO'VAL, ap-pr56'-val. ma. Approbation. Temp. 
APPRO VANCE, ap-proo'-vanse. n.s. Approba- 
tion. Spenser. 
To APPROVER ap-proov'. r. a. [approbo, Lat.] 
To like. Davies. To express liking. Locke. To 
pr<,.e. Hooker. To experience. Shak. To make 
worthy of approbation. Rogers, [In law.] To 
improve. Blackstone. 
APPRO VEMENT. ap-proov'-ment. n. s. Approba- 
tion. Havward. When a person indicted doth con- 
fess the fact, and accuses his accomplices. Blackst 
APPRO' VER, ap-pr56-vur. 98. n.s. He that ap- 
proves. Chaucer. He that makes trial. Shak. 
One that, confessing felony of himself, aecuseth 
another. Cowel. 
APPRO'XDIANT*. ap-proks'-e-mant. a. Approach- 
ing. Sir E. Bering. 
APPROXIMATE % ap-proks'-e-mate. a. [ad and 

proximus.'] Near to, Broun. 
To APPRO XLMATE* ap-proks'-e-mate. 91. v. a. 

To bring near. Barroic. 
To APPROXIMATE*, ap-proks'-e-mate. v. n. Tc 

come near. Burke. 
APPROXIMATION, ap-prok-se-ma'-shun. n. s. 
Approach to any thing. Brown. In science a 
continual approach nearer still, and nearer to the 
quantity sought. Bp. Berkeley. 
APPU'LSE, ap'-pulse. n. s. (appulsus, Lat.] The 
act of striking against any thing. Harvey, Arri- 
val ; landing. Bryant, The approaching to a 
conjunction with the sun, or any fixed star. Adams. 



AQU 










ARB 


\rr 559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, 


fat; 


— me, met ;- 


—pine 


pin;— 



APPU'RTENANCE*, ap-p&r'-te-nanse. n.s. [ap- 
partenance, Fr.] An adjunct. Shakspeare. 

APPU RTENANT*, ap-pur'-te-nant. a. An adjec- 
tive applied to law purposes. Blackstone. 

To APRICATE, ap'-pre-kate. v. n. [apricor, Lat.] 
To bask in the sun. Ray. 

APRFCITY, a-pris'-e-te. n. s. Sunshine. Diet. 

APRICOT, or A'PRICOCK, a'-pr^kot. n.s. A 
kind of wall fruit. Sliakspeare. 

APRIL, a'-pril. n. s. [Aprilis, Lat.] The fourth 
month of the year. Peacliam. 

ATR1L-FOOL*, a'-prll-l'OOl. n.s. He who is im- 
posed upon by others, on the first of April, by being- 
then sent on some absurd errand. Hay. 

APRIL-FQOL-D A Y* a'-pr'il-f 661-da'. n. s. The first 
of April. The World. 

APRON §, a/-purn. 417. n. s. A cloth hung before, 
to keep the other dress clean. Shakspeare. 

APRON, a'-purn. 417. A piece of lead which 
covers the touch-hole of a great gun. 

A 7 PRON of a goose. The fat skin which covers the 
belly. . 

A'PRON-MAN, a/-purn-man. n. s. A workman ; an 
artificer. Sliakspeare. 

APRONED, a'-purnd. 462. a. Wearing an apron. 
Pope. 

APROPO'S*, 'dp-rb-pb'. ad. {apropos, Fr.] Op- 
portunely. Warburion. 

APSIS, up'-sk n. s. [a^t'j.] Two points in the 
orbits of planets. The higher apsis is denominated 
aphelion, or apogee ; the lower, perihelion, or peri- 
gee. Chambers. 

APT §, apt. a. [aptus, Lat.] Fit ; having a tendency 
to. Hooker. Inclined to; ready; quick. Sha/c. 
Qualified for. Sidney. 

To APT, apt. v. a. (apto, Lat.] To suit; to adapt. 
B. Jonson. To fit. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

A'PTABLE* ap'-ta-bl. a. Accommodable. Sher- 
wood. Ob. T. 

To APTATE.ap'-tate. 91. v. a. To make fit. Bailey. 

APTITUDE/ap'-te-tude. n. s. [French.] Fitness ; 
tendency. Decay of Piety. Disposition. Locke. 

A'PTLY, aptMe. ad. Properly. Sha/c. Justly; per- 
tinently. Addison. Readily; acutely. 

A'PTNESS, apt'-nes. n.s. Fitness; suitableness. 
Hooker. Disposition to any thing. Sliak. Quick- 
ness of apprehension. Bacon. Tendency. Addison. 

A'PTOTE, ap'-t6te. n.s. [a and utojo-ij.] A noun 
which is not declined with cases. 

A' QUA, a'-kwa. 92. n.s. [Latin.] Water. 

AQUA-FORTIS, ak-kwa-for'-tk n.s. [Latin.] 
A corrosive liquor made by distilling purified nitre 
with calcined vitriol. Chambers. 

AQUA-MARINA, ak-kwa-ma-ri'-na. n.s. A stone 
of a sea or bluish green. Woodward.^ : 

AQUA-MIRAB1LIS, ak-kwa-me-rab'-e-lk n.s. 



[Lat.] A medical water 
AQUA-REGIA, ak-kwa-re/-je-a 



[Lat.] 



A Q UA-RE GALIS, ak-kwa-re-ga/-lls. $ An acid 
water, so called because it dissolves gold, the king 
of metals. Chambers. 
AQUA-TINT A*, ak'-kwa-tmt'-a. n. s. [Lat. and 
Ital.] A species of engraving, imitating drawings 
made with Indian ink or bistre. 
AQUA- VITJE, ak-kwa-vl'-te. n.s. [Lat.] Brandy, 
or spirit of wine, either simple or prepared with 
aromaticks. Shakspeare. 
AQUA'RIUS*, a-kwa'-re-us. n. s. [Lat.] The 

eleventh sign in the zodiack.^ Ckaveland. 
AQUA'TICAL*, a-kwat'-e-kal. 1 a. \aquaticu.:, 
AQUA'TICJM-kwatMk. \ Lat.] That 

AQUATILE, ak'-kwa-tll. 145, 503. ) which in- 
habits the water, Ray, Plants which grow in the 
water. Mortimer, 
AQUEDUCT, ak'-kwe-duct. n„ s. [aquceductus. 
Lat.] A conveyance made for carrying water, 
either under ground, or above it. Addison. 
AQUETTY*, a-kwe'-e-te. n. s. Wateriness. jB. Jon- 
son. 
AQUEOUS, a'-kwe-os. 534. «. Watery. Ray. 
A'QUEOUSNESS, a'-kwe-us-nes. n. s, Waterish- 
ness. 



AQUILINE, ak'-we-lln. 145. a. {aquiiinus, Lat.] 

Resembling an eagle. Dryden. 
A'QUILOm,kk'-^k-\oii.n.s. [aquilo, Lat.] The 

north wind. Shakspeare. 
AQUO'SE, a-kwose'. a. [aqua, Lat.] Watery. Diet 
AQUO'SlTY^-kw&s'-e-te.Sll. n.s. Wateriness 

Diet. 
A. R. stands for anno regni ; that is, the year of the 

reign : as, A. R. G. R. 20. Anno regni Georgii 

regis vigesimo, in the twentieth year of the reign 

of King George. 
A'RAB*, a/-rab. ) n. s. A native of Arabia. 

ARABIAN*, a-ra'-be-an. $ Sir T. Herbert. 
ARABESQUE*, ar'-a-besk. a. {arabesque, Fr.] 

Relating to the architecture of the Arabs ; and some 

times applied to the lighter kind of Gothick archi 

tecture in general. Swinburne. 
ARABESQUE*, ar'-a-besk. n. s. The Arabick 

language. Guthrie. 
ARA'BIAN*, a-ra/-be-an. a. Relating to Arabia 

Sir T. Herbert. 
ARA'BIAN*, a-ra'-be-an. n.s. A native of Arabia 

Isaiah, xiii. 
ARABICAL*, a-rab'-e-kal. a. Arabian. Shelton. 
ARABICALLY*, a-rab'-e-kal-e. ad. In the Arabian 

manner. Sir T. Herbert. 
A'RABICK*, ar'-a-Mk. a. Arabian. Worthingtcn. 
A'RABICK*, ar'-a-blk. n. s. The language of Ara- 
bia. Worthington. 
ARABLE §, ar'-a-bl. 405. a. [arabilis, Lat.] Fit for 

tillage. Milton. 

ftCr" The a in the first syllable of this word has the short 
sound as much as if the r were double. The same may 
be observed of every accented a before r, followed by a 
vowel. 81. 168. W. 

A'RABY*, ar'-a-be. n.s. The country of Arabia 
Milton. 

ARACHNOI'DES, ar-ak-noe'-dez. n. s. [a 9 d X vn 
and eiSos .] One of the tunicks of the eye, which re- 
sembles a cobweb. Derham. A fine thin transpa- 
rent membrane, lying between the dura and pia 
mater. Chambers. 

ARA'IGNEE, ar-en'-ya. n. s. [French.] A branch, 
return, or gallery of a mine. Diet. 

To ARA'ISE*, a-raze'. v. a. To raise. Shakspeare. 

ARA'NEOUS, a-ra'-ne-us. a. [aranea, Lat.] Re- 
sembling a cobweb. Derham. 

ARATIQN,a-ra/-shun. n. s. [aratio, Lat.] Ploughing. 
Cowley. 

ARA'TQRY, ar'-a-tur-re. 512. a. That which con- 
tributes to tillage. Diet. 

ARBALIST, ar'-ba-llst. 503. n. s. See Arcuba- 
list. A cross-bow. Camden. 

ARBALISTER* ar'-ba-fist-ur. n. s. A cross-bow- 
man. Speed. 

ARBITER $, ar'-be-tur. 93. n.s. [Lat.] A judge. 
Bacon. One who has the power of decision. 
Milton. 

To ARBITER*, ar'-be-tur. v. a. To judge, 
Huloet. 

ARBITRABLE, ar'-be-tra-bl. a. Arbitrary ; de- 
pending upon the will. Spelman: Determinable. 
Bp. Hall. 

ARBITRAMENT, ar-btt'-tra-ment. n. s. [Properly 
arbitremenQ Will ; determination ; choice. Milton, 

ARBITRARILY, ar'-be-tra-re-le. ad. Despotically. 
Dryden. 

ARBITRARINESS, ar'-be-tra-re-nes. n.s. Des- 
poticalness; tyranny. Temple. Choice. Clarke. 

ARBITRARIOUS, ar-be-tra'-re-us. a. Arbitrary. 
Nonis. Despotick. Moi-e. 

ARBITRARIOUSLY, ar-be-tra'-re-us-le. ad. Ar- 
bitrarily. Glanville. 

ARBITRARY, ar'-be-tra-re. a. Despotick ; abso- 
lute. Walsh. Depending on no rule. Brown. 
Holden at will. H. Wliarton. Voluntary. Bp. 
Hall. 
To ARBITRATE, ar'-be-trate. 91. v. a. To decide. 

Shakspeare. Tojudge of. Milton. 
To A' RBITRATE,ar Y -be-trate. v.n. To give judge- 
ment. South. 
ARBITRATION, ar-be-tra'-shnn. n. s. Tbe deter 
100 



ARC 



ARC 



-in 1 ), move, nor, not ; — tl'ibe, tub, bull 3- 



-pdund ; — th'm, THis. 



initiation of a cause by a judge mutually agreed on 
by the parties. South. 

ARB1TRA TOR. ar-be-tni -tfir. 521. n. s. An extra- 
ordinary judge between party and party chosen by 
their mutual consent. Coioel. A governour. Milton. 
He that has the power of prescribing to others 
without limit or control. Addison. The determiner. 
Shakspeare. 

ARB1TRATRIX*, ar-be-tra'-triks. n.s. A female 



i'udge. Sherwood. 
lbT'ti 



Decision. 



TCEMENT, ar-bit'-tre-ment. ft, 

Shakspeare. Compromise. Bacon. 
A RBItRESS*, ar -be-tres. n. s. In the Latin sense, 

a witness. Milton. A female arbiter. Milton. 
A-'RBORARY. ar'-b6-ra-re.512. a. Belonging to a 

tree. Diet. 
ARBORATOR* ; ar'-b6-ra-tur. n. s. A planter of 

trees. Evelun. 
ARBOREOUS, ar-bi'-re-us. a. Belonging to trees. 

Brown. A term in botany, to distinguislTsuch fun- 
guses or mosses as grow upon trees. Quincy. 
A'RBORET. ar'-b6-r&. n. s. [arbor, Lat.] A small 

tree or shrub. Milton. 
ARBORESCENT* ar-bS-reV-sent.a. Growing like 

a tree. Evelyn. 
ARBO'RICAL*. ar-bor'-e-kal. a. Relating to trees. 

Howell. Ob.T. 
A'RBORIST, ar'-b6-rist. n. s. One who makes trees 

his studv Howell. 
A RBOROUS, ari-bo-r&s. 314. a. Belonging to a tree. 

Milton. 
A'RBOUR§, ar'-bfir. 314. n. s. A place covered with 

branches of trees. Shakspeare. 
A'RBOUR-VINE, ar'-bur-vlne. ?i.s. A species of bind 

weed. 
A'RBUSCLE, ar'-bfis-sl. 351, 405. n. s. [arbuscula, 

Lat.] Anv little shrub. Diet. 
A RBUTE §, ar-bute'. n. s. [arbutus, Lat.] The 

strawberrv tree. Morthner. 
ARBLTEAN*. ar-biV-te-an. a. Of arbute. Evelyn, 
ARC, ark n. s. [ascus, Lat.] A segment of a circle. 

jSewion. An arch. Pope. 
Af'A'DE, ar-ka.de'. n. s. A walk arched over. 

Pope. A small arch within a building. Warton. 
ARCA'DIAN*,ar-ka'-de-an. a. Relating to Arcadia. 

Milton. 
A'RCADY*. ar'-ka-de.n.s. The country of Arcadia. 

Milton, 
ARCA'NE*, ar-kane'. a. [arcamis.] Secret. Bp. 

Berkeley. 
ARCANUM, ar-ka'-nfim. 503, 

[LatinJ A secret. Swift. 
ARCH§,artsh. n. s. [arcus, Lat.] Part of a circle, not j 

more than the half. Locke. A building open below I 

and closed above, standing by the form of its own j 

curve, used for bridges and other works ; the sky I 

or vault of heaven. Shakspeare. 
To ARCH artsh. v. a. To build arches. Pope. To 

cover with arches. Shak. To form into arches. 

Bacon. 
ARCH, artsh. a. [dpxog.] Chief; of the first class. 

Shakspeare. Waggish ; mirthful. Swift. 
ARCH, in composition, signifies chief, or of the 

first class; as archangel, archbishop. 
ARCHA'NGEL §, ark-ane'-jel. 354. n. s. One of the 

highest order of angels. Milton. 

iO" The accent is sometimes on the first syllable, though 
not so properly. W. 

ARCHA'NGEL, ark-ane'-jel. n. s. A plant called 
Dead nettle. 

ARCHANGE'LICK,irk-an-jMk.a. Belonging to 
archangels. Milton. 

ARCH APO'STLE*, artsh-a-p6s'.sl. w. s. Chief apos- 
tle. Trapp. 

ARCHA'RCfflTECT* artsh-ar / -ke-tekt. n. s. The 
Supreme Architect. SJvesier. 

ARCHBE'ACON, artsh-be'-kn. n. s. The chief 
place of prospect. Carew. 

ARCHBFSHOP6,artsh-bish'-up. 354. n. s. A bishop 
of the first class, who superintends the conduct of 
other bishops, his suffragans. Clarendon. 



?. plural arcana. 



ARCHBFSHOPRICK, artsh-blsh'-Op-rlk. n.s. The 
state of an archbishop. Clarendon. 

ARCUBOTCIIER*, artsh-b6tsh'-ur. n. s. Chief 
mender, ironically. Bishop Corbet. 

ARCHBUI'LDER*, artsh-blld'-fir. n. s. Chief build- 
er. Harmon 

ARCHCHA'NTER, artsh-tshan'-r&r. n. s. The chief 
chanter. 

ARCHCHE'MICK* artsh-kenV-mlk. a. Of the high- 
est chemick power. Milton. 

ARCHCONSPFRATOR^artsh-k&n-spV-a-tur.??.* 
A principal conspirator. Maundrell. 

ARCHCRFTICK* artsh-kril'-tlk. n. s. The chief 
critick. Tr. of Boccalini. 

ARCHDE'ACON^artsh-de'-kn. n. s. [archdiaconus, 
Lat.] One that supplies the bishop's place and of- 
fice in such matters as belong to the episcopal func- 
tion. Ayliffe. 

ARCHDEACONRY, artsh-de'-kn-re. n. s. The 
office of an archdeacon. Carew. The place of resi- 
dence of an archdeacon. Swinburne. 

ARCHDE'ACONSHIP, artsh-de'-kn-ship.M. s. The 
office of an archdeacon. 

ARCHDPVTNE*, arlsh-de-vine'. n. s. A principal 
theologian. Burton,. 

ARCHDU'CAL*, artsh-du'-kal. a. Belonging to an 
archduke. Gidhrie. 

ARCHDL''CHESS,artsh-dfitsh/-es.«.s. A title given 
to the sister or daughter of the archduke of Austria, 
or to the wife of an archduke of Tuscany. Howell. 

ARCHDU'KE % artsh-duke'. n.s. A title given to 
some sovereign princes, as of Austria and Tuscany. 
Carew. 

ARCHDU'KEDOM* artsh-duke'-dum. n. s. The 
territory of an archduke. Guthrie. 

ARCHENEMY*, artsh-en'-e-me. n. s. A chief ene- 
my. Milton. 

ARCHFE'LON*, artsh-feF-un. n. s. The chief of 
felons. Milton. 

ARCHFFEND* artsh-feend'. 275. n. s. The chief of 
fiends. Milton. 

ARCHFLA'MEN*, artsh-fla'-men. n. s. Chief priest. 
Sir T. Herfjert. 

ARCHFLA'TTERER*, artsh-flat'-tfir-fir. n.s. The 
principal flatterer. Bacon. 

ARCHFO UNDER* artsh-found'-ur. n, s. The 
chief founder. Milton, 

ARCHGO'VERNOUR*, artsh -guv'-ur-nur. n. s. 
The chief governour. Brewer. 

ARCHHE'RESY$* artsh-her'-e-sk n.s. The great- 
est heresy. Butler. 

ARCHHE'RETICK* artsh-heV-e-tik. n. s. Chief 
heretick. Pearson. 

ARCHHY'POCRITE*, artsh-h?p'-o-krit. n. s. A 
great hypocrite. Fuller. 

ARCHMAGFCIAN*, artsh-ma-jfsh'-an. n. s. Chief 
magician. Spenser. 

ARCHMO'CK* artsh-mok'. n. s. Principal mockery 
or jest. Shakspeare. 

ARCHPA'STOR* arlsh-pas'-tfir. n. s. " The Shep- 
herd and Bishop of our souls." Barrow. 

ARCHPHILO'SOPHER, artsh-fe-los'-o-fur. n. s 
Chief philosopher. Hooker. 

ARCHPFLLAR*, artsh-pil'-l&r. n. s. The main pil- 
lar. Harmar. 

ARCHPO'ET*, artsh-po'-et. n. s. The principal 
poet by recute. 

ARCHPOLITFCIAN*, artsh-pol-e-uW-an. n. s. A 
■transcendent politician. Bacon. 

ARCHPRE'LATE, artsh-prelMat. 91. n. s. Chief 
prelate. Hooker. 

ARCHPRE'SBYTER^, artsh-pres'-be-ter. n. s. 
Chiefpresbvter. Ayliffe. 

ARCHPRE'SBYTERY*, artsb-preV-be-ter-e. n. s. 
The absolute dominion of presbyter}'. Milton, 

ARCHPRFEST, artsh-preest'. n. s. Chief priest 
Ayliffe. 

ARCHPRFMATE*, artsh-pri'-mat. n. s. The pri- 
mate over other primates: as the archbishop of 
Canterbury over the archbishop of York ; and. in 
Ireland, the archbishop of Armagh over the other 
archbishops. Milton. 

101 





ARC ARE 




O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, p?n ;— 



ARCHPRO'PHET*, artsh-pr6i>-f?t. n. s. Chief 
prophet. Warton. 

ARCHPRO'TESTANT*, artsh-pr&t'-Ss-tant. n. s. 
A principal or distinguished protestant. Stapleton. 

ARCHPURL1CAN*, artsh-pub'-le-kan. n. s. The 
distinguished publican. Bishop Hall. 

ARCHRE'BEL*, artsh-reV-el n. s. A principal 
rebel. Miltcni. 

ARCHTRATTOR*, artsh-tra'-tfir. n. s. The archen- 
emy 3 the devil ; any distinguished traitor. Hake- 
will. 

ARCHTRE'ASURER*, artsh-trezh'-u-rur. n. s. 
High treasurer. Guthrie. 

ARCHTYRANT*, artsh-tl'-rant. it. s. The principal 
tyrant. Bishop Hall. 

ARCJrTvTLLAIN^artsh-vllMin. n. s. An extraordi- 
nary villain. Shakspeare. 

ARCHVPLLANY*, artsh-vfl'-lan-e. n. s. Great vil- 
lany. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ARCHWPFE*, artsh-wlfe'. n. s. A wife in the higher 
rank of society. Chaucer. 

ARCHAIOROGY§, ar-ka-ol'-o-je. n. s. [ip X a7o S 
and \6yos.~] A discourse on antiquity. Warton. 

ARCHAIOLO'GICK, ar-ka-o-ldd'-jik. a. Relating 
to a discourse on antiquity. 

ARCHAISM, ar'-ka-fsm. 353. n. s. [dp X ai^bs.] An 
ancient phrase. Watts. 

ARCHED, arMshe^d. pan. a. Bent in the form of an 
arch. SJiakspeare. 

£Cp- Words of this form are colloquially pronounced 
in one syllable ; and this syllable is one of the harsh- 
est that can be imagined, for it sounds as if written 
artsht. 359. TV. 

ARCHERS, artsh'-ur. n. s. [archer, Fr.] He that 
shoots with a bow. Shakspeare. 

AROHERESS*, artsh'-ur-es. n. s She that shoots 
with a bow. Fanshawe. 

ARCHERY, artsh'-ur-e. n. s. The use of the bow. 
Camden. The act of shooting with the bow. Shak. 
The art of an archer. Crasliaiv. 

ARCHES-COURT, artsh'-ez^rt. n. s. The chief 
consistory that belongs to the archbishop of Canter- 
bury, so called from Bow-church in London, where 
it is kept, whose top is raised of stone pillars, built 
archwise. Cowel. 

ARCHETYPE, ar'-ke-tlpe. 354. n. s. [archetypvm, 
Lat.] The original of which any resemblance is 
made. Glanviue. 

ARCHETYPAL, ar-ke-ti'-pal. a. Original. Norris. 

ARCHI'ATER*, ar-ld'-a-tar.n.s. [anhiatre, Fr.] A 
chief physician. Sir T. Herbert. 

ARCHICAL* ar'-ke-kal. a. Up X iKo i} Gr ] Chief 5 
primary. Hallywell. 

ARCHIDlA'CONAL^r-ke-dl-ak'-i-nal. a. Belong- 
ing to an archdeacon. Wotton. 

ARCHIEPPSCQPAL, ar-ke-e-pis'-kd-pal. 354. a. 
[archiepiscopus, Lat.] Belonging to an archbishop. 
Bishop HalL 

ARCHIEPFSCOPACY*, ar-ke-e-pls'-ko-pa-se. n. s. 
The state of br archbishop. Sir E. Bering. 

ARCHITECT §, ar'-ke-tgkL 354. n. s. [architects, 
Lat.] A professor of the art of building. Wotton. 
A builder. Milton. The contriver or former. Ray. 

ARCHITECTIVE, ar-ke-teV-tlv. a. That performs 
the work of architecture. Derham. 

ARCHITECTO'NICAL* ar-ke-tSk-ton'-e-kal. n s. 
That which forms or builds any thing. Fotherbv. 

ARCHITECTO'NICAL*, ar-ke-tgkW-e-kal. a. 
Having skill in architecture. Sir T. Brown. 

ARCHITECTO'MCK, ar-ke-tgk-tdn'-nik. 508. a. 
[ap X os an( * tiktov.] That which has the power or 
skill of an architect Boyle. 

ARCHITECTOR*, ar-ke-tgk'-tar. n. s. A builder. 
Austin. Ob. T. 

ARCHITECTRESS* ar-ke-teV-tr&. n. s. She 
who builds. Wotton. 

ARCHITECTURE, ar'-ke-t&c-tshure. 461. n. s. 
The art or science of building. Cliambers. The ef- 
fect of the science of building. Burnet. 

ARCHITECTURAL* ar-ke-teV-tshu-ral. «. Relat- 
ing to architecture. Warton. 

ARCHITRAVE, ar'-ke-trave. n. s. [a? x t, and 



trabs, Lat.] That part of a column, which lies im- 
mediately upon the capital, and is the '< west mem- 
ber of the entablature. Wotton. 
ARCHIVES, ar'-klvz. 354. n.s. [archiva, Lat.] The 
place where records or ancient writings are kept, 
or the writings themselves. Woodward. 
ARCHLIKE* artsh'-like. a. Built like an arch. 

Young. 
ARCHLY*, artsh'-le. ad. Jocosely. Thyer. 
ARCHNESS*, artsh'-nes. n.s. Shrewdness ; sly hu- 
mour. Dr. Warton. 
A'RCHOm, ark'-&n. n. s. [opvwv.] The chief magis- 
trate among the Athenians. Potter. 
ARCHWISE, artsh'-wlze. 354. ad. In the form of an 

arch. Aijliffe. 
ARCFTENENT^ar-sn'-e-nent. a. [arcitenens, Lat.] 

Bow-bearing. Bid. 
ARCTA'TION, ark-ta'-shun. n. s. [arcto.] Confine- 
ment to a narrower compass. 
ARCTICK, ark'-tfk.ra.s. Northern; lying under the 

Arctos, or bear. Philips. 
ARCTICK Circle. The circle at which the northern 

frigid zone begins. 
ARCUATE, ai^-ku-ate. 91. a. [arcuatus, Lat.] Bent 

like an arch. Bacon. 
ARCUATILE, ar'-ku-a-til. a. Bent. Vict. 
ARCUA'TION, ar-ku-a'-shfin.«.s. The act of bend- 
ing. Curvity, or crookedness. [In gardening.] 
The method of raising by layers such trees as can- 
not be raised from seed, by bending down to the 
ground the branches which spring from the offsets. 
Chambers. 
ARCUATURE, aV-kri-a-tshure. n. s. The bending 

or curvature of an arch. Diet. 
ARCUBALIST*, ar'-ku-bal-lfst. n. s. [aracbalista, 

Lat.] A. cross-bow. Warton. 
ARCUBARISTER, ar-ku-bal'-is-tfir. n. s. A cross- 
bow-man. Camden. 
ARD, [Saxon.] signifies natural disposition ; as, 
Goddard, a divine temper; Reinard, a sincere 
temper ; Bernard, filial affection. Gibson. 
ARDENCY*, ar'-den-se. n. s. Ardour ; eagerness. 

Flammond. Heat. Sir T. Herbert. 
ARDENT §, ar'-dent. a. [ardens, Lat.] Hot; burn 
ing ; fiery. Newton. Fierce ; vehement. Dryden 
Passionate. Prior. 
ARDENTLY, ar'-dent-le. ad. Eagerly; affectionate- 
ly. Sprat. 
ARDENTNESS* ar^-dent-iies. n. s. Ardency. Sher- 

wood. ■ i 

ARDOUR, ar'-dur. 314. n. s. Heat. South. Heat 

of affection. Dryden. 
ARDU1TY, ar-du'-e-te. n. s. Height; difficulty. 

Diet. 
ARDUOUS §, ar'-ju-us. 293, 376. a. [arduus, Lat.] 

Lofty ; hard to climb. Pope. Difficult. South. 
ARDUOUSNESS, ar'-ju-fis-nes. 293, 376. n. s. 

Height; difficulty. 
ARE, ar. 75. The third person plural of the present 

tense of the verb to be. 
A-RE, or Alamire. The lowest note but one in Guido's 

scale of musick. Shakspeare. 
AREA, a'-r£-a. 70, 545, 534. n. s. [Latin.] The sur- 
face contained between any lines. Watts. Any 
open surface. Wotton. 
To ARE'AD, or ARE'ED, a-reed'. v. a. [apeban, 

Sax.] To advise ; to direct. Spenser. 
ARE'EK*, a-reek'. ad. In a reeking condition. Swift 
AREFA'CTION, ar-re-fak'-shfin. n.s. [arefacio, Lat.] 

Growing dry; drying. Bacon. 
To AREFY, ar'-re-fl. v. a. To dry. Bacon. 
ARE'NA*,k-rh''iiLn. s. [Lat. The amphitheatre at 
Rome has been so called, because strewed with 
arena, sand.] The space for combatants in a thea- 
tre. Maundrell, 
ARENA'CEOUS, ar-e-na/-shus. 527. a. Sandy. 

Brown. 
ARENA'TION, ar-re-na ; -shdn. n. s. A sort of dry 
bath, when the patient sits with his feet upon hot 
sand. Diet. 
ARENO'SE, ar-e-nose'. 527. a. Sandy. Diet. 
ARE'NULOUS, a-reV-u-;os. a. Full of small sand. 
102 



ARI 



ARM 



—116, move, n6r, ndt ;— tiibc, tub, b&ll ; — 6il ;— pdfind ;— thin, this. 



AREOMETER*, a-re-6m'-e-tur. 7i.s. [areomitre, Fr.l 
An instrument to measure the density of any liquid. 

AREO'PAGITE*, a-re-6p'-a-jlte. 156. n. s. A sena- 
tor or judge in the court of Areopagus at Athens. 
Acts, xvii. 

AREOPAGUS*, a-re-op'-a-gfis. n. s. ["Apetoirayos. 
Gr.] The highest court at Athens. Acts, xvii. 

AREOTICK, a-re-6t'-ik. 534. a. [dpatortKa, Gr.] 
Efficacious in opening the pores. Diet. 

ARETOLOGY, a-re-tdl'-o-je. n. s. f^m) and Xfyu.] 
That part of moral philosophy which treats of vir- 
tue. Diet. 

A KGAL, ar'-gal. n. s. Lees sticking to wine vessels, 
commonly called tartar. Diet. 

A'RGENT §, arMent. a. [argentum, Lat.1 The white 
colour used in the coats of gentlemen, knights, and 
baronets. Fairfax. Silver ; bright like silver. Milton. 

ARGENT-HORNED* ar'-jent-h6rn'd. a. Silver- 
horned. Lovelace. 

ARGENTATION, ar-jen-ta'-sh&n. n. s. An over- 
laving with silver. Diet. 

A'RGENTINE, ar'-ien-tlne. 148. a. Sounding like 
silver ; appearing like silver. Shakspeare. 

A'RGENTRY*, ar'-jent-re. n. s. Materials of silver. 
Hou-ell. Ob. T. 

A'RGIL§, ar'-jil. n. s. [dpytWos, Gr.] Potter's clay. 
Kincan. 

ARGILLACEOUS, ar-jll-la'-shfis. a. Clayey. Kir- 
wan. 

ARGFLLOUS, ar-jfl'-ius. 314. a. Consisting of clay. 
Brown. 

ARGOSY, ai-z-gi-se. 503. n. s. [Argo, the name of 
Jason's ship.] A large vessel for merchandise; a 
carrack. Shalcspeare. 

To A'RGUE $, ar'-gu. 335. v. n. [arguo, Lat.] To 
reason. Shakspeare. To dispute. Decay of Piety. 

To A'RGUE, ar'-gvj. v. a. To prove any thing by 
argument. Donne. To persuade. Congreve. To 
debate. To prove, as an argument. Milton. To 
charge with. Dryden. To prove by appearance. 
Tr. of Soliman and Perseda. 

A'RGUER, ar'-gu-ur. 98. n. s. A reasoner 
of Piety. 

A RGUING*, ar'-gu-ing. n. s. Argument. Smith. 

A RGUMENT, ar>-gu-ment. n. s. A reason alleged. 
Dryden. The subject of any discourse. Shak. The 
contents of any work. Dryden. A controversy. 
Shak. [In astronomy.] An arch by which we seek 
another unknown arch, proportional to the first. 
Cliambers. 

To A'RGUMENT*, ai-Z-gu-ment. v. n. To reason ; 
to discourse. Gower. Ob. T. 

ARGUME'NTAL, ar-gu-men'-tal. a. Reasoning. 
Pope. 

ARGUMENTATION, ar-gu-men-ta'-shun. n. s. 
Reasoning. Watts. 

ARGUMENTATIVE, ar-gu-men'-ta-tiv. 512. a. 
Consisting of argument. Atterbury. Disputatious. 

ARGUMETVTATIVELY*, ar-gu-men'-ta-tk-le. ad. 
In an argumentative manner. Bp. Taylor. 

To A'RGUMENTIZE*, ar'-gu-men-tlze. v. n. To 
debate. Mannyngham. 

ARGUTE $, ar-gute'. a. [argutus, Lat.] Subtle; 
witty. Shrill. 

ARGUTENESS*, ar-gute'-nes. n. s. Wittiness ; 
acuteness. Dryden. 

A1RIA, a'-re-a. n. s. [ltal.] An air, song, or tune. 

A'RIAN*, a'-re-an. n. s. One of the sect of Arius, 
who denied that Christ is the Eternal God. South. 

A'RIAN*, a'-re-an. a. Belonging to Arianism. 
Trapp. 

A'RIANISM*, a'-re-an-lzm. n. s. The heresy of 

Arius. Leslie. 
To A'RIANIZE*, a'-re-an-lze. v. n. To admit the 
tenets of Arianism. Worthington. 

A'RID$, arMd. a. [aridus, Lat.] Dry. Arbuthnot. 
Cold ; pedantick. 

ARl'DITY, a-rld'-e-te. n. s. Dryness. Arbuthnot. 
Insensibility in devotion / contrary to unction or 
tenderness. Norris. 
ARIES, a'-re-ez. n. s. [Lat.] The Ram ; one of 
the twelve signs of the zodiack. Thomson. 



Decay 



To ARPETATE, a-rl'-e-tate. 91. v. n. [arieto, Lat.] 
To butt like a ram. 

83" I have, in this word, followed Dr. Johnson, in placing 
the uccent on the second syllable, and not on the first, 
according to Mr. Sheridan, and Dr. Ash ; but I do not 
very well know for what reason, unless it be that words 
of this termination, derived from the Latin, generally 
preserve the accent of the original. See Principles, 
No. 503, (b.) W. 

ARIETA'TION, a-rl-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
butting like a ram. Battering with an engine 
called a ram. Bacon. The act of striking, in gen- 
eral. Glanville. 

ARIE'TTA,k-rk-h'-ti.534. n s. [Ital.] A short 
air, song, or tune. 

ARFGHT, a-rlte'. 393. ad. [anehte, Sax.l Rightly ; 
wiUiout mental errour. Spenser. Rightly ; without 
crime. Psalms. Rightly; without tailing of the 
end. B. Jonson. 

ARIOLA'TION, or HARIOLA'TION, a-re-6-la'- 
shun. 534. n. s. [hariolus, Lat.] Soothsaying; va- 
ticination. Brown. 

ARIOSO, ar-e-6'-s6. n.s. [Ital.] The movement of 
a common air. 

To ARPSE, a-rlze'. v. n. [apifan, apa]*, Sax.] To 
mount upward. Dryden. To get up. 1 Esd. ix. 
To come into view. Matt. xxiv. To revive from 
death. Isaiah. To proceed from. Acts, xi. To 
enter upon a new station. Cowley. To commence 
hostility. 1 Samuel, xvii. 

A'RISTARCHY* ar'-rfs-tar-ke. n.s. [apurros and 
dpyrh] A body of good men in power. Harrington. 

ARISTO'CRACYf, ar-?s-tok'-kra-se. n.s. [fyioros 
and Kpariw.] That form of government which 
places the supreme power in the nobles. Swift. 

ARISTOCRAT*, ar-is-t6-krat'. n. s. A favourer of 
aristocracy. Burke. 

ARISTOCRATICAL, ar-rfs-ti-krat'-te-kal. 544- \ 

ARISTOCRATICK* ar-r?s-t6-krat'-fe. S 

a. Relating to aristocracy. Ayliffe. 

ARISTOCRATICALLY* ar-rfs-t6-krat'-e-kal-& 
ad. In an aristocratical manner. 

ARISTOCRA'TICALNESS, ar-rfs-t6-krat'-e-kal- 
n^s. n. s. An aristocratical state. 

ARISTO / CRATY*,ar-rls-t6k / -ra.te. n.s. The same 
as aristocracy. Burton. 

ARISTOTELIAN*, ar-rfs-to-te'-le-an. a. Founded 
on the opinion of Aristotle. Warburton. 

ARISTOTE'LIAN* ar-r?s-t6-te'-le-an. n. s. A fol- 
lower of Aristotle. Sir Miles Sandys. 

ARISTOTE'LICK* ar-r?s-t6-u?l'-llk. a. Relating 
to the philosophy of Aristotle. Warton. 

ARPTHMANCY, a-rfe/i'-man-se. n. s. [apiO^bs and 
fiavrtia.'] A foretelling future events by numbers. 
Diet. 

ARITHMETICAL, ar-M-met'-te-kal. 527. a. Ac- 
cording to arithmetick. Grew. 

ARITHMETICALLY, ar-M-meV-te-kal-le. ad. In 
an arithmetical man»er. Arbuthnot. 

ARITHMETPCIAN, a-rfe/i-me-tlsh'-an. n.s. A 
master of the art of numbers. Addison. 

ARITHMETICK §, a-rM'-me-tik. n.s. [dpiO^og 
and fitrpiu).'] The science of numbers. Shakspeare. 

#5" There is a small, but a very general deviation from 
accuracy in pronouncing this word, which lies in giving 
the first i the sound of short c, as if written arethmetick. 
As this inaccuracy is but trifling, so it may be rectified 
without any great singularity. W. 

ARK, ark. 77. n. s. [area, Lat.] A vessel to swim 
upon the water, usually applied to that in which 
Noah was preserved. Genesis. The repository of 
the covenant of God with the Jews. Calmet. A 
chest, coifer, or bin. Bp. King. 

ARM, arm. [See Art.] n. s. [armus, Lat.] The 
limb which reaches from the hand to the shoulder. 
Job. The bough of a tree. Sidney. An inlet of 
water from the sea. Dnjd. Power; might. Jer. xvii. 

ARM'S-REACH*, armz'-retsh. n.s. Within the 
stretch of the arm. 

To ARM$, arm. [See Art.] v. a. [armo, Lat.] To 
furnish with armour of defence. Genesis. To plate 
with any thing that mav add strength. Shak. To 
103 



ARM 



ARR 



0*559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me met;— pine, pln;- 



furnish ; to fit up. Wallon. To provide against. 
Spenser. 
To ARM, arm. [See Art.] v. n. To take arms. 

Skakspeare. 
ARMADA, ar-ma'-da. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 
[Span.] An armament for sea ; a fleet of war. 
Fairfax. 
ARMADILLO, &r-mi-dfl'-l6. n.s. [Span.] A four- 
footed animal of Brazil, as big as a cat, with a 
snout like a hog, a tail like a lizard, and feet like a 
hedge-hog, armed all over with hard scales like 
armour, whence he takes his name. Trevoux. 
A'RMAMENT, ar'-ma-ment. 503. n. s. [arm-amen- 
tum, Lat.] A force equipped lor war. Bryant. 
ARMAME INTARY, ar-ma-ment'-a-re. n. s. An 

argioury. >Micti 
A'RMAN, ay-man. n. s. A confection for restoriug 

appetite in horses. Diet. 
A'RMATURE, ar'-ma-tshure. 461. n. s. Armour. 

Ray. Offensive weapons. Decay of Piety. 
A'RMED, arm'd. a. [In heraldry.] It is used in respect 
of beasts and birds, when their teeth, horns, &c. 
are of a different colour from the rest. Chambers. 
A'RMED Choir, arm'd' -tshare. n.s. An elbow-chair. 
ARMENIAN Bole, ar-me'-ne-an-b6le. n.s. A fatty 
medicinal kind of earth, of a pale reddish colour, 
which takes its name from the country of Armenia. 
ARMENIAN Stone, ar-me'-ne-an-stohe. n. s. A 
mineral stone or earth of a blue colour, spotted 
with green, black, and yellow ; anciently brought 
only from Armenia. 
ARME'NTAL, ar-meV-tal. )a. [armenlalis, 

A'RMENTINE, ar'-men-tlne. 149: \ Lat.] Belong- 
ing to a drove or herd of cattle. Diet. 
ARMENTOSE, ar-men^se'. a. Abounding with 

cattle. Diet. 
ARMFUL*, arm'-ful. n. s. What the arm can hold. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
A'RMGAUNT, arnV-gant. 214. a. Slender as the 

arm. Shakspeare. 
A'RMHOLE, arm'-hole. n. s. The cavity under the 

shoulder. Bacon. 
ARMFGEROUS, ar-mld'-jur-rus. a. [armiger, Lat.] 

Bearing arms. 
A'RMILLARY, ar'-mll-la-re. [See Maxillary.] 
a. [armilla, Lat.] Resembling a bracelet. Harris. 
A'RMILLATED, ar'-mll-la-tecl. a. Having brace- 
lets. Diet. 
A'RMINGS, arm'-mgz. n. s. Clothes hung about the 
outside of the ship's upper works fore and aft, and 
before the cubbrige heads. Chambers. 
ARMFNIAN*, ar-rmV-yan. 113. n. s. He who sup- 
ports the tenets of Arminius. Burnet. 
ARMFNIAN*, ar-min'-yan. a. Relating to the sect 

of Arminius. South. 
ARMPN1ANISM*, ar-min'-yan-nlzm. n. s. The 

tenets of Arminius. Mountagu. 
ARMFPOTENCE, ar-mV-6-tense. 518. n. s. Pow- 
er in war. 
ARMFPOTENT, ar-mlp'-o-tent. a. Powerful in 

arms. Shakspeare. 
ARMPSONOUS, ar-imV-6-nus. a. [armisonus, Lat.] 

Rustling with armour. 
A'RMIST ICE, ar'-me-stls. 503, 142. n. s. [armistiti- 

tm, Lat.] A short truce. Lyttelton. 

A'RMLESS*, arm'-les. a. Without an arm. Chancer. 

Without weapons or arms. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

A'RMLET, arm'-let. n. s. A little arm ; as, an arm- 

let of the sea. A piece of armour for the arm. A 

bracelet for the arm. Donne. 

ARMONIAC, ar-mi'-ne-ak. 505. n. s. A sort of 

volatile salt. See Ammoniac. 
A'RMORER, ar'-mfir-ur. 557. n. s. He that makes 
armour. Shakspeare. He that dresses another in 
armour. Shakspeare. 
ARMORIAL, ar-m6 / -re-al. a. Belonging to the 

arms of a family. Potter. Belonging to armour. 

ARMORICAN*, ar-mor'-e-kan. a. Relating to Ar- 

morica or Basse Bretagne, now Britany. Warton. 

ARMOR1CK*. ar-m&r'-rik. a. Armorican. Milton. 

A'RMORIST, ar'-mur-rfst. n. s. A person skilled in 

heraldry. Diet 



A'RMORY, ar'-mur-e. 557. n. s. [armarium, Lat.] 
The place in which arms are reposited for use. 
Milton. Armour. Milton. Ensigns armorial. 
Spenser. 
A'RMOUR, ar'-mur. 314. n. s. Defensive arms. 
Shakspeare. 

A^RMQUR-BEARER^-mar-bW-ur. n.s. He 
that carries the armour of another. Dryden. 

A'RMPIT, arm'-pJt. n. s. The hollow place under 
the shoulder. Moxon. 

ARMS. armz. 77. n. s: [arraa, Lat.] Weapons of of- 
fence. Pope. A state of hostility. Shak. War in 
general. Dry den. The act of taking arms. Milton 
The ensigns armorial of a family. 

A'RMY, ar'-me. 482. n. s. [armee, FY,] A collection 
of armed men. Locke. A great number. Shak. 

ARNA'TTO*, ar-nat'-to. > n.s. A vegetable produc- 

ARNCVTTO*, ar-not'-t6. \ tion of the West Indies, 
used as a dye. Sir W. Petty. 

AROINT. See Aroynt. 

ARO'MA*, a-r6'-ma. n.s. [apw/ia, Gr.] Theodorant 
principle of plants. 

AROMA'TICAL, ar-6-mat'-e-kal. a. Spicy ; fra- 
grant. Bacon. 

AROMA / TICK,ar-6-mat / -ik.527.a. Spicy. Dryden. 
Fragrant. Pope. 

AROMA'TICKS, ar-6-matMks. 527. n.s. Spices 
Raleigh. 

AROMATIZA'TION, ar-i-mat-e-za'-shun. n. s 
The mingling of aromatick spices with any med- 
icine. 

To AROMATIZE, ar'-i-ma-tlze. v. a. To scent 
with spices. Bacon. To scent. Broicn. 

ARO / MATIZER*,ar / -r6-ma-tl-zvV. n.s. That which 
gives a spicy quality. Evelyn. 

ARO'SE, a-r6ze / . 554. The preterite of the verb 
arise. 

AROUND, a-round'. ad. In a circle. Dryden. On 
every side. Dryden. 

AROTJND, a-r6uTuv\ 545. //rep. About. Dryden. 

To ARO'USE, a-rduze'. v. a. To wake from sleep. 
Shakspeare. To raise up. Thomson. 

ARO'W, a-r<V. 545. ad. In a row. Sidney. Succes- 
sively ; in order. Shakspeare. 

AROYNT, a-^lnt'. ad. Be gone ; away. Shak. 

ARPE'GGIO*, ar-ped'-je-c, n. s. [It ah] The dis- 
tinct sound of the notes of an instrumental chord, 
accompanying the voice. Walker. 

ARQTJEB USA'DE*, ar-kwe-bfis-ade'. n..s. A dis- 
tilled water, applied to a bruise or wound. Clies- 
terfield. 

A'RQUEBUSE, ar'-kwe-bfis. n. s. A hand gun. 
Bacon. 

A'RQUEBUSIER, ar-kwe-bfis-eer'. 275. n. s. A 
soldier armed with an arquebuse. Knolles. 

ARR*, ar. n. s. A mark made by a flesh-wound ; a ' 
cicatrice. Relph. 

A'RRA* ar'-ra. n.s. [arrha or arm, Lat.] A pledge. 
Anderson. Ob. T. 

A'RRACH, ar'-ratsh. ~)n. s. One of the quickest 

ORRACH, or'-ratsh. > plants in coming up and 

O'RRAGE, or'-rldje. ) running to seed. Mortim. 

ARRACK, or ARA'CK, ar-rak'. n.s. A spirit 
procured by distillation from a vegetable juice 
called toddy, which flows by incision out of the 
cocoa-nut tree. Chambers. 

ARRACK-PUNCH*, ar-rak'-pfinsh. n. s. The 
liquor called punch, composed, in a great degree, 
of arrack. Dr. Warton. 
To ARRA'IGNS, ar-rane'. v. a. [drraigner, Fr.] To 
set a thing in order, ox in its place. Coicel. To 
accuse. Roscommon. 

ARRAIGNMENT, ar-rane'-ment. n. s. The act of 
arraigning. Dryden. 

ARRA°IMENT* ar-ra'-ment. n. s. Clothing ; dress. 
Sheldon. 

A'RRAND*, ar'-rand. n. s. [eepenb, Sax.] The old 

word for errand, message. Howell. 
To ARRA'NGE$,ar-ranje'. v. a. [arranger, Fr.] To 
put in the proper order. Spenser. 

ARRANGEMENT, ar-ranje'-ment. n. s. The act 
of putting in proper order. Cheyne. 
104 



ARR 



ART 



-nb, move, ndr, n&t ;— tube, tub, b&ll 5 — 611 ; — p6ftnd ;— </iin, this. 



ARRANGER*, ar-ranje'-ur. n. s. He who plans or 

contrives. Burke. 
A'RR ANT, ay-rant. 81, 82. a. Bad in a high degree. 

Sid ne y . 
A'RRANTLY, ar'-rant-le. ad. Corruptly. L'Es- 

t range. 
A'RRAS, ar'-ras. 81,82. ?i. s. [from Arras, a town 

in Artois.l Tapestrv. Spertser. 
ARRA'UGHT, ar-rawt'. a. Seized by violence. 

Spenser. 

ARRA'Y, ar-ra'. n. s. [array, Fr.] Order, chiefly of 

war. Hayward. Dress. Spenser. [In law.] The 

ranking or setting forth of a jury or inquest. Vowel. 

To ARRA'Y $, ar-ra/. v. a. To put in order. Gower. 

To deck. Job, xl. 
ARRA'YERS, ar-ra'-arz. 71. s. Officers who saw the 

soldiers duly appointed in their armour. Cowel. 
ARRE'AR*, ar-reer'. ad. [arriere, Fr.] Behind. 

Spenser. 
ARRE'AR, ar-reer / . n. s. That which remains un- 
paid. Dryden. The rear. Howell. 
ARREARAGE, ar-ree'-raje. 90. n. s. The remain- 
der of an account. Cowel. 
ARRE ARANCE, ar-ree'-ranse. n. s. The same 

with arrear. Diet. 
ToARRE'CT§*, ar-rekt'. v. a. To raise or lift up. 

S/celton. Ob. T. 
ARRE CT*, ar-rgkt'. a. [arrectus, Lat.] Erected. 

Bp. Smalridge. 
ARRENTA'TION, ar-ren-ta'-shun. n.s. [arrendare, 
low Lat.] The licensing an owner of lands in a 
forest, to enclose them. Diet. 
ARREPTI'TIOUS, ar-rep-t?sh'-&s. a. [arreplus, 
Lat.] Snatched away. Crept in privily. Mad. 
Howell. 
ARRE'ST, ar-rest'. n.s. [arrester, Fr.] A stop or 
stay ; a man apprehended for debt is said to be 
arrested. Cowel. Any caption. Taylor. 
ARRE'ST, ar-rest'. n. s. A mangy humour between 
the ham and pastern of the hinder legs of a horse. 
Diet. 
To ARRE'ST §, ar-rest'. t>. a. To seize by a man- 
date. Shak. To seize any thing by law. Slmk 
To lay hands on. Spenser. To withhold. Dairies, 
To stop motion. Boyle. To obstruct. Bacon. 
To ARRE'T§* ar-ret'. v. a. [arreter, old Fr.] To 

assign 5 to allot. Spenser. Ob. T. 
ARRE T*, ar-ret'. n. s. A decree. 
ARRETTED, ar-rel'-ted. a. One convened before 

a judge, and charged with a crime. 
ToARRI'DE, ar-rlde'. v. a. [arrideo, Lat.] To 
laugh at. To smile. To please well. B. Jonson. 
ARRIE'RE, ar-reer'. n.s. [Fr.] The last body of an 

armv. Hayward. 
ARRL'ERE BAN, ar-reer 7 -ban. n.s. A general 
proclamation, by which the king of France sum- 
mons to the war all that hold of him. Sir H. 
Slieere. 
ARRl'ERE FEE, or FIEF. A fee dependant on a 

superiour one. 
ARRl'ERE VASSAL. The vassal of a vassal. 

Trevoux. 
ARRI'SION, ar-rizh'-un. 451. n. s. [arrisio, Lat.] A 

smiling upon. Dirt. 
ARRI'VAL, ar-rl'-val. n. s. Coming to any place. 

Waller. 
ARRI'VANCE, ar-rl'-vanse. n. s. Company coming. 

Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

To ARRIVES, ar-rlve'. v. n. [arriver, Fr.] To 

come to any place. Dryden. To reach any point. 

Locke. To gain any thing. Taylor. To happen. 

Waller. 

To ARRI'VE*, ar-rlve'. v. a. To reach. Shakspeare. 

ToARRO'DE, ar-r6de'. v. a. [arrodo, Lat.] To 

gnaw or nibble. Diet. 
A'RROGANCE, ar'-ro-ganse. ) n. s. The quality 
A'RROGANCY, ar'-ro-gan-se. $ of taking much 

upon one's self. Shakspeare. 
A'RROGANT, ar'-r6-gant. 81, 82. a. Haughty; 

proud. Temple. 
A'RROGANTLY, aV-r6-gant-le. ad. In an arrogant 
manner. Dryden 

14 



A'RROGANTNESS, ar'-ro-gant-nes. n. s. The same 

with arrogance. Diet. 
ToA'RROGATE$, ar'-ro-gate. 91. v. a. [arrogo, 

Lat.] To claim vainly. Hayward. 
ABROGATION, ar-r6-ga/-shun. n. s. A claiming 

in a proud unjust manner. More. 
A'RROGATIVE*, ar'-ro-ga-uv. a. Claiming in an 

unjust manner. More. 
ARRO'SION, ar-r6'-zhfin. 451 . n. s. A gnawing. Diet. 
A'RROW^ar'-ro. 327. n.s. [apepe, Sax.] The 

pointed weapon which is shot from a bow. Shak. 
A'RROWHEAD, ar'-ro-hed. n. s. A water plant : its 

leaves resemble the head of an arrow. Diet. 
A'RROWY, ar'-ro-e. a. Consisting of arrows. Mil- 
ton. Formed like an arrow. Cowper. 
ARSE, arse. n. s. [eajire, Sax.] The buttocks. 
ARSE-FOOT, ars'-fut. n. s. A kind of water-fowl. 

Diet. 
A'RSENAL, ar'-se-nal. n. s. [arsenale, Ital.] A mag 

azine of military stores. Addison. 
ARSE 'NIC AL, ar-sen'-e-kal. a. Containing arsenick 

Harvey. 
A'RSENICK§, arse'-nlk. n.s. [dpowi/cov.] A min 

eral substance, which is a violent corrosive poison. 

Cfiambers. 
A'RSMART, ars'-mart. n. s. An herb. Coles. 
A'RSON* ar'-s'n. n.s. [arson, old Fr.] The crime 

of house-burning. 
ART §, art. 77. n. s. [ars, Lat.] The. power of doing 

something not taught by nature. South. A sci- 
ence. Ben Jonson. A trade. Boyle. Artfulness. 

Shak. Cunning. Shak. Speculation. Sliak. 
$5= As a before r, followed by a vowel, has the short or 

fourth sound, so when it is followed by a consonant 

it has the long or second sound. See Arable, 81, 

168. TV. 
ARTE'RIAL, ar-te'-re-al. a. That which relates to 

the artery. Blackmore. 
ARTERIO'TOMY, ar-te-re-&t'-t6-me. 518. n.s. 

The operation of letting blood from the artery. 
A'RTERY §, ar'-tur-e. 555. n. s. [arteria, Lat. from 

the Gr.] A conical canal, conveying the blood 

from the. heart to all parts of the body. Quvicy. 
A'RTFUL. art'-iul. 174. a. Performed with art. 

Dryden. Artificial. Cunning. Pope. 
A'RTFULLY. art'-fui-le. ad. With art ; skilfully. 

Dryden. 
A'RTFULNESS, art'-ful-nes. n. s. Skill. Cheyne. 



Cunning. 
ARTHRI'TICK, dr-tfirlt'-fk. 509. 



Gouty. Ar- 
buihnot. Re- 



ARTHRI'TICAL, ar-tfirft'-e-kal 

lating to joints. Brown. \ 
ARTHRITIS, ar-tfirft'-k n.s. [& 9 6piTi S .] The 

S>ut. Quincv. 
TICHOKE, arMe-tshoke. n. s [articliault, Fr.] 
A plant very like the thistle, but having large scaly 
heads like the cone of the pine tree. Miller. 

A'RTICHOKE of Jerusalem. A species of sun-flow- 
er, yielding esculent roots. 

A'RTICK, ar'-tlk.a. [ooktikos, Gr.] Northern 5 under 
the bear. See Arctick. Brown. 

A'RTICLE $, ar'-te-kl. 405. n. s. [articulus, Lat.] A 
part of speech. A single clause of an account. 
Hooker. Terms; stipulations. Shak. Point of time. 
Clarendon. 

To A'RTICLE, ar'-te-kl. 405. v. n. To stipulate. 
Donne. 

To A'RTICLE, ar'-te-kl. v. a. To draw up in arti- 
cles. Bp. Taylor. 

ARTI'CULAR, ar-dk'-u-lar. a. Belonging to the 
joints. 

ARTI'CULARLY*, ar-tik'-u-lar-le. ad. Sounding 
every syllable, and staying at every point. Huloet. 

ARTI'CtLATE, ar-t?k'-u-late. 91. a. Distinct 
Bacon. Branched out into articles. Bacon. Be- 
longing to the joints. Wliitaker. 

To ATRTI'CULATE, ar-tlk'-u-late. 91. v. a. To form 
words; to speak as a man. Glanvilk. To draw 
up in articles. Shak. To make terms; to treat, 
Sliakspeare. To joint. Smith. 
To ARTICULATE, ar-tik'-u-late. v.n. To speak 
distinctly. 

105 



ASB 



ASH 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ;- 



ARTICULATELY, ar-tlk'-u-laie-le. ad. In an ar- 
ticulate voice. Decay of Piety. 
ARTICULATION, ar-tlk-u-la'-shfin. n. s. The 
juncture or joint of bones. Ray. The act of form- 
ing words. Bacon. The joints or knots in some 
plants, as the cane. 
ARTIFICE $, ar'-te-ffs. 142. n. s. [artifcium, Lat.] 

Trick; fraud. South. Art; trade. 
ARTIFICER, ar-tiP-f e-sftr. 98. n. s. An artist ; a 
manufacturer. Sidney. A former ; a contriver. 
Milton. A dexterous or artful fellow. B. Jonson. 

ARTIFICIAL, ar-te-fish'-al. a. Made by art. Sid- 
ney. Fictitious. Shak. Artful. Temple. Skilled 
in stratagem. Continuation of Clarendon's Life. 

ARTIFICIAL*, ar-te-flsh'-al. n. s. The production 
of art. Sir W. Petty. 

ARTIFICIALITY*, ar-te-fish-e-al'-e-ie. n. s. Ap- 
pearance of art. Shenstone. 

ARTIFICIALLY, ar-te-fish'-al-le. ad. Artfully. 
Sidney. By art Addison. Craftily. Burnet. 

ART1FICIALNESS, ar-te-flsh'-al-nes. n. s. Artful- 
ness. Diet. 

ARTIFFCIOUS, ar-te-flsh'-fls. a. Artificial. 

To A'RTILISE*, ar'-te-llze. ) v. a. To gwe the ap- 

To A'RTIZE* ar'-tlze. \ pearance of art to. 
Bolingbroke. 

ARTFLLERY, ar-til'-lfir-re. 555. n.s. [artillerie, Fr.] 
Weapons of war. 1 Samuel. Cannon. Slmkspeare. 

ARTISAN, ar-te-zan'. 528. n. s. [French.] Artist. 
Wotton. Manufacturer. Addison. 

A'RTIST, art'-lst. n. s. [artiste, Fr.] The professor 
of an art. Waller. A skilful man. Locke. 

A'RTLESS, art'-l&. a. Unskilful. Drydm. Void of 
fraud. Contrived without skill. 

A'RTLESSLY, art'-lCs-le. ad. In an artless manner. 
Naturally ; sincerely. Pope. 

A'RTLESSNESS*, an'-leVnSs. n. s. Want of art. 

A'RTSMAN*, arts'-man. n.s. A man skilled in arts. 
Bacon. 

ARUNDINA'CEOUS, a-run-de-na'-sh&s. 292. a. 
[arundinoxeus, Lat.] Of or like reeds. Diet. 

ARUNDINEOUS, ar-fin-d?n'-e-fts. a. Abounding 
with reeds. 

AR USPEX*, a-rus'-pgks. n. s. [Latin.] A sooth- 
sayer. Dryden. 

ARU'SPICE* a-r&s'-pls. n. s. A soothsayer. Bp. 
Story. 

ARU'SPICY*. a-rfis'-pe-se. n. s. The act of prog- 
nosticating - by inspecting the entrails of the sacri- 
fice. Butler. 

AS*, as. n. s. [Lat.] The Roman pound, consisting 
of twelve ounces. Blackstone. 

AS, az. 423. conjunct, [als, Teut.] In the same man 
ner with something else. Sliak. In the manner 
that. Dryden. That; in a consequential sense 
Sidney. In the state of another. A. Philips. Under 
a particular consideration. Hooker. Like. Watts. 
In the same degree with. Blackmore. As if. Spen- 
ser. According to what. 1 Cor. As it were. 
Bacon. While. Dryden. Because. Taylor. As be- 
ing. Bacon. Equally. Dryden. How ; in what man- 
ner. Boyle. With; answering to like or same. Shak. 
In a reciprocal sense. Locke. Answering to such. Til- 
lotson. Having so to answer it. Locke. Answering to 
so conditionally. Dryden. In a sense of comparison, 
followed by so. Pope. As for ; with respect to. 
Dryden. As if ; in the manner that it would be if. 
Locke. As to; with respect to. Shak. As well as; 
equally with. Locke. As though; as if. Sharp. 

ASADULC1S, as'-a-dfil-sk See Benzoin. 

AS A FOETID A, or A'SSAFOETWA, as-sa- 
feV-e-da. n. s. A gum brought from the East Indies, 
of a sharp taste, and a strong offensive smell. 
Chambers. 

ASARABA'CCA, as-sa-ra-bak'-ka. n. s. [asarum, 
LatJ A plant. 

ASBESTINE, az-beV-tin. 140. a. Something incom- 
bustible. Feltham. 

ASBE'STOS^z-bfc'-tis. 166.n.s.[ao(ScaTos.'] A sort 
of native fossil stone, which may be split into threads 
and filaments, which is endued with the property of 
remaining unconsumed in the fire. Chambers. 



ASCA'RIDES, as-kar'-e-dez.n.s. [acKapi&es.] Little 

worms in the rectum. Quincy. 
To ASCE'ND $, as-seW. v. n. [ascendo, Lat.] To 
move upwards. Milton. To proceed from one de- 
gree of good to another. Watts. To stand higher 
in genealogy. Broom. 
To ASCE'ND, as-s^nd'. v. a. To climb up. Barrow. 

ASCE'ND ABLE, as-send'-a-bl. a. That may be 
ascended. Diet. 

ASCE'ND ANT, as-seV-dant. n. s. The part of the 
ecliptick at any particular lime above the horizon, 
supposed by astrologers to have great influence. 
Height ; elevation. Temple. Superiority. Claren- 
don. The person having influence. Burke. One of 
the degrees of kindred reckoned upwards. Aylijfe. 

ASCE'ND ANT, as-seV-dant. a. Superiour ; predom- 
inant. South. Above the horizon. Brown. 

ASCE'NDENCY, as-seV-den-se. n. s. Influence; 
power. Watts. 

ASCE'NSION, as-seV-shun. 451. n. s. The act of 
ascending : frequently applied to the visible eleva- 
tion of our Saviour to heaven. Milton. The thing 
rising, or mounting. Brown. 

ASCENSION DAY, as-sen'-shan-da'. The day on 
which the Ascension of our Saviour is commemo- 
rated, commonly called Holy Thursday. 

ASCE'NSD/E, as-seV-siv. 158. a. In a state of as- 
cent. Brown. Ob. J. 

ASCE'NT, as-sfint'. n. s. Rise. Milton. The way by 
which one ascends. Bacon. An eminence, or high 
place. Addison. 

To ASCERTAIN §, as-sgr-tane'. v. a. [acertener, Fr.] 
To make certain ; to establish. Hooker. To make 
confident. Hammond. 

ASCERTAINABLE*, as-ser-tane'-a-bl. a. That 
which may be ascertained. 

ASCERTAINMENT, as-ser-lane'-ment. n. s. A 
settled rule. Swift. 

ASCE'TICISM*, as-seV-e-slzm. n. s. The state of 
an ascetick. Warbution. 

ASCE'TICK$, as-seY-?k. 509. a. [acK V rtKd s .'] Em- 
ployed wholly in devotion and mortification. South. 

ASCE'TICK, as : seV-lk. n, s. He that retires to de- 
votion ; a hermit. Norris. 

A' SCII, ash'-e-l. 7i.s. [a and ada.] Those people who, 
at certain times of the year, have no shadow at 
noon ; such are the inhabitants of the torrid zone. 
Diet. 

ASCITES $, as-sl'-tez. n. s. [anas.] A dropsy of the 
lower belly and depending parts. Quincy. 

ASCI'TICAL, as-sft'-e-kai. ; 507. a. Dropsical. Wise- 

ASCI'TICK, as-sit'-'fk. \ man. 

ASCITI'TIOUS, as-se-tish'-fis. a. [ascititius, Lat.] 
Supplemental. Pope. 

ASCRIBABLE, as-krl'-ba-bl.405. a. That which 
may be ascribed. Boyle. 

To ASCRI'BE $, as-krlbe'. v. a. [ascribo, Lat.] To 
attribute to as a cause. Dryden. To attribute as 
a quality to persons. Tillotson. 

ASCRIPTION, as-krlp'-sh&n. n. s. The act of ascrib- 
ing. Fotlierby. 

ASCRIPTI'TIOUS, as-kr?p-t?sh'-fis. a. That which 
is ascribed. Farindon. 

ASH, ash. n. s. [sere, Sax.] A tree. Miller. The 
wood of the ash. Shaksjware. 

To ASHA'ME §*, a-shame'. v. a. To make ashamed. 
Barrow. 

ASHA'MED, a-sha'-meU 359, 362.0. Touched with 
shame. Taylor. 

ASHA'MEDLY*, a-sha'-med-le. ad. Bashfully. Hu- 
loet. 

ASH-COLOURED, ash'-kul-fad. 362. a. Coloured 
between brown and gray, like the bark of an ashen 
branch. Woodward. 

ASHE'LF*, d-shelf . ad. On a shelf, or rock. Mas- 

sinsrer. 
A'SHEN, ash'-she'n. 103, 359. a. Made of ash-wood. 

Dryden. 
A'SHFIRE* ash'-flre. n. s. The low fire used in 

chymical operations. 
A'SHFLY*, ash'-fll. n. s. The oak-fly CompUte 



Angler. 



106 



ASP 



ASP 



— n6, move, ndr, not; — lube, tub, bull; — oil; — p6und; — thin, -ruis. 



A'SHES, ash'-iz. 99. n. s. [apca, Sax.] The remains 
of any thing burnt. Digby. The remains of the 
body. Shakspeare. 
A'SHLAR, ash'-lar. n. s. Free stones, as they come 

out of the quarry. 
A SHLERING, "ash'-lfir-ing. 5bo. n. s. Quartering 
in garrets, about two feet and a half or three feet 
high, perpendicular to the Hoor. Builder's Diet. 
ASHO'RE, a-sh6re'. ad. On shore. Raleigh. To the 

shore. Sliakspeare. 
A'SHTUB*. ash'-tftb. n. s. A tub to receive ashes. 

Quarles. 
ASHWE'DNESDAY, ash-wenz'-de. n. s. The first 
day of Lent, so called from the ancient custom of 
sprinkling ashes on the head. 
A'SHWEED. ash'-weed. n. s. An herb. 
A'SHY, iish'-e. a. Ash-coloured. Shak. Turned into 

ashes. Mi/ton. 
A'SHY-PALE* ash'-e-nale. a. Pale as ashes. SJiak. 
A'SIAN*, a'-she-an. a. Relating to Asia. B. Jonson. 
ASIA TJCK*, a-she-at'-tlk. a. Respecting Asia. Bp. 

Taylor. 
ASIA'TICK* a-she-at'-tik. n. s. A native of Asia. 

Sir Thomas Herbert. 
ASIATICISM*, a-she-at'-e-slzm. n. s. Imitation 

of the Asiatick manner. Warton. 
ASI'DE, a-side'. ad. To one side. Dryden. To an- 
other part. Bacon. From the company. Mark, vii. 
A'SL\ARY,as'-se-na-re. a. Belonging to an ass. Diet. 
A'SININE, as'-se-nine. 149. a. [asimts, Lat.] Be- 
longing toan ass. Milton. 
To ASK §, ask. 79. v. a. [aj-cian, Sax.] To petition. 
Shak. To demand. Genesis, xxxiv. To question. 
Jeremiah, xlviii. To inquire. Genesis, xxxii. To 
require. B. Jonson. 
To ASK, ask.r. n. To petition. Ecclus.xxi. To make 

inquiry. Jerem. vi. 
ASK, ASH, AS, come from the Saxon se]«c, an ash 

tree. Gibson. 
ASK*. SeeAsKER. 
ASKA'NCE, or ASKA'UNCE, a-skanse'. 214. ad. 

[sckain, Dutch.] Sideways; obliquely. Sid7iey. 
ASKA'UNT, a-sfcant'. 214". ad. Obliauely. Dryden. 
A'SKER, ask'-fir. 98. n. s. Petitioner. Shak. In- 
quirer. Digby. 
A'SKER, ask'-Qr. n.s. written also ask. [a5ex,Sax.] 

A water newt. 
ASKE'W, a-skiV. ad. [ski/e. Goth, ska, partic. disjunct. 
skee, oblique.] Aside ; with contempt or envy. Spen- 
ser. Obliquelv. Gayton. 
To ASLA'KE", a-slake'. v. a. [aylacian, SaxJ To 
remit ; to mitigate ; to slacken. Spenser. Ob. J. 
ASLA'NT, a-slanV. 78. ad. Obliquely. Shakspeare. 
ASLEEP, a-s!eer/. ad. Sleeping at rest. Shak. To 
sleep. Bacon. Figurativelv for the dead. 2 Esdras. 
ASLOPE, a-sl6pe'. ad. [ajdupan, Sax.] With de- 
clivity. Bacon. 
ASLU'G*, d-slug'. ad. In a sluggish manner. Foth- 

erlnt. 
ASO'MATOUS, a-sSm'-a-tfis. a. [a and trc^a.] In- 
corporeal ; without a body. 
ASP. asp. t ^ ) n. s. [aspis, Lat.] A kind of poi- ) 
A'SPICK,as'-plk. ) sonous serpent. Cabnet. Spenser. 
ASP. See Aspf.n. 

ASPA'LATHUS, as-pal'-a-ttfis. n. s. [Lat.] A 
plant called the rose of Jerusalem. The wood of 
a prickly tree, heavy, oleaginous, somewhat sharp 
and bitter to the taste. Chambers. 
ASPA'RAGUS, as-par'-a-gus. n. s. [ao-irdpayos, Gr.] 
A plant. Miller. 

J£T This word is vulgarly pronounced Sparrow grass. 
It may be observed, that such words as the vulgar do 
not know how to spell, and which convey no definite 
idea of the thing, are frequently changed by them into 
such words as they do know how to spell, and which do 
convey some definite idea. The word in question is an 
instance of it- and the corruption of this word into 
Sparrowgrass is so general, that asparagus has an air 
of stiffness and pedantry. See Lantern. TV. 

A'SPECT§, as'-pekt. n. s. [aspectus, Lat.] Look. 
Government of the Tongue. Countenance. Shak. 
Glance. Spenser. View; position. Milton. Rela- 



tion. Locke. Disposition of a planet to other plan- 
ets. Shakspeare. 
20" This word, as a noun, was universally pronounced 
with the accent on the last syllable till about the mid- 
dle of the seventeenth century. It grew antiquated in 
Milton's time, and is now entirely obsolete. Dr. Far- 
mer's observations on this word, in his no less solid than 
ingenious Essay on The Learning of Shakspeare, are 
so curious, as well a3 just, that the reader will, I doubt 
not, be obliged to me for quoting them. 
"Sometimes a very little matter detects a forgery. You 
" may remember a play called the Double Falsehood, 
" which Mr. Theobald was desirous of palming upon the 
" world for a posthumous one of Shakspeare ; and 1 
" see it is classed as such in the last, edition of the Bod- 
" leian catalogue. Mr. Pope himself, after all the stric- 
"tures of Scriblerus, in a letter to Aaron Hill, supposes 
"it of that age ; but a mistaken accent determines it to 
" have been written since the middle of the last century . 

" ' This late example 

" Of base Henriquez, bleeding in me now, 
" From each good aspect takes away my trust.' 
And in another place, 

<: ' You have an aspect, sir, of wondrous wisdom.' 
" The word aspect, you perceive, is here accented on tho 
'■'•first syllable, which, 1 am confident, in any sense of 
" it, was never the case in the time of Shakspeare ■ 
" though it may sometimes appear to be so, when we do 
" not observe a preceding elision. 
"Some of the professed imitators of our old poets have not 
"attended to this and many other minutia: I could 
" point out to you several performances in the respective 
■' styles of Chaucer, Spenser, and Shakspeare, which the 
" imitated bard could not possibly have either read or 
" construed. 
" This very accent hath troubled the annotators on Mil- 
"ton. Dr. Bentley observes it to be a tone different 
" from the present use. Mr. Manwaring, in his Treatise 
"of Harmony and Numbers, very solemnly informs us, 
"that this verse i3 defective both in accent and quantity : 
" ' His words here ended ; but his meek aspect, 

" Silent, yet spake.' 

" ' Here, says he, a syllable is acuted and long, whereas 
" it should be short and graved ." 
' And a still more extraordinary gentleman, one Green, who 
" published a specimen of a new version of the Paradise 
" Lost, into blank verse, ' by which that amazing work is 
" brought somewhat nearer the summit of perfection,' 
"begins with correcting a blunder in the fourth book: 

" ' The setting sun 

" Slowly descended, and with right aspect — 
" Levell'd his evening rays.' 
" J\ r ot so in the new version : 

" ' Mean while the setting sun, descending slow — 
"Levell'd with aspect right his evening ray3.' 
; Enough of such commentators. — The celebrated Dr. 
i " Dee had a spirit, who would sometimes condescend 
" to correct him, when peccant in quantity : and it had 
" been kind of him to have a little assisted the wights 
" above-mentioned.— Milton affected the auuqve- but 
" it may see:n more extraordinary, that the old decent 
"should be adopted in Hudibras." TV. 
To ASPE'CT. as-pfikt'. 492. v. a. To behold. Temple. 
ASPE'CTABLE, as-pek'-ta-bl. 405. a. Visible. Ra- 
leigh. 
A'SPECTED*, as'-pgkt-ed. a. Having an aspect. 

B. Jonson. 
ASPE'CTION, as-pek'-shun. n.s. Beholding; view. 

Brou-w. 
A'SPEN^as'-pen. 103. ? n. s. [arppe, Sax.] A species 
ASP§.asp. ) of poplar, the leaves of 

which always tremble. Mortimer. 

A'SPEN, as'-pen. a. Belonging to the asp tree. Shak. 

Made of aspen 'vood. Resembling an aspen tree. 

Donne. 

A'SPER*, as'-pur. 98. n.s. A small Turkish coin of 

less value than our penny. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

A'SPER, as'-pfir. a. [Lat.] Rough; rugged. Bacon. 

ToA'SPERATES, aV-pe-rate, 91. v. a. [aspero, 

Lat.] To roughen. Boyle. 
$jF This word, and those that succeed it of the same 
family, seem to follow the general rule in the sound of 
the e before r when after the accent ; that is, to preserve 
it pure, and in a separate syllable. — See Principles, 
No. 555. W. 
ASPERA'TION, as-pe-ra'-shon. n. s. A making 
rough. Diet. 

h 107 



ASS 



ASS 



\TT 559 .—Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pme, pin;— 



ASPERGO'IRE*, as-pgr-gw6r'. n. s. [aspersoir, 

Fr.] A holy-water-sprinkle. Warton. 
ASPERIFO'LIOUS, as-per-e-f6'-le-us. a. One of the 
divisions of plants, so called from the roughness 
of their leaves. 
ASPE'RITY, as-peY-e-te. n. s. Unevenness. Boyle. 
Roughness of sound. Waiion. Roughness of tem- 
per. Govern, of Tongue. Sharpness. Bp. Berkeley. 
A'SPERLY*, 'or A 7 SPRELY* as'-pur-le. ad. 

Roughly; sharply. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 
ASPERNA'TION, as-per-na'-shun. n.s. [aspernatio, 

Lat.] Neglect ; disregard. Diet. 
A'SPEROUS, as^-pe-rus. a. Rough. Boyle. 
To ASPE'RSE§, as-p£rse'. v. a. [aspergo, Lat.] To 
bespatter with censure. Clarendon. Simply, to cast 
upon. Heywood. 
ASPE'RSER*, ds-perse'-ur. n. s. He who vilifies 

another. 
ASPE'RSION, as-peV-shun,«.s. A sprinkling. Shak. 

Calumny. Bp. Hall. 
ASPHA'LTICK, as-fal'-t3k. 84. a. Gummy; bitu- 
minous. Milton. 
ASPHA'L TOS, as-fdl'-tus. n. s. [a^aXros.] A bitu- 
minous substance resembling pitch, chiefly found 
swimming on the Locus Asplialtiies, or Dead Sea, 
where anciently stood the cities of Sodom and Go- 
morrah. Milton. 
ASPHALTUM, as-fal'-tum. n.s. [Lat.] A bitu- 
minous stone found near the ancient Babylon. 
Chambers. 
A'SPHODEL, as'-f6-del. n. s. [lilio-asphodelus, Lat.] 

Day-lily. Pope. 
A'SPICK, as'-plk. n. s. The name of a serpent. 
Addison. The name of a piece of ordnance, which 
is said to carry a twelve-pound shot. 
ASPFRANT* as-pi'-rant. n. s. [Fr.l A candidate. 

Hard, 
To A'SPIRATE §, as'-pe-rate. 91. v. a. To pro- 
nounce with full breath. LigMfoot. 
To A'SPIRATE, as'-pe-rate. v. n. To be pronounced 

with full breath. Dryden. 
A'SPIRATE, as'-pe-rate. 91, 394, n, s. Pronounced 

with full breath. Holder. 
A'SPIRATE*, as'-pe-rate. n. s. The mark to denote 

an aspirated pronunciation. Bentley. 
ASPIRATION, as-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. A breathing 
after ; an ardent wish. Watts. The act of aspir- 
ing. Sliak. The pronunciation of a vowel with 
full breath. Holder. 
To ASPFRE§, as-plre'. v. n. [aspiro, Lat.] To de- 
sire with eagerness. Sidney. To rise; to tower. 
Shakspeare. 
To ASPIRE*, as-plre'. v. a. To aspire to. Donne. 
ASPFREMENT* as-plre'-ment. n. s. The act of 

aspiring. Brewer. 
ASPFRER, as-plre'-ur. n. s. One that ambitiously 

strives to be greater. Milton. 
ASPFRING*, as-plre'-lng. n. s. The desire of some- 
thing great. Hammond. Points ; stops. Sir T. 
Herbert. 
ASPORTATION, as-p6r-ta'-shun. n. s. [asportatio 

Lat.] A carrying away. Blackstone. 
ASQJJTNT, a-skwfot'. ad. [schuin, Dutch.] Oblique- 
ly. Swift. Not with regard or due notice. Fox. 
ASS, as. n. s. [a^ya, Sax.] An animal of burden. 

Sliak. A stupid, heavy, dull fellow. Shakspeare. 
ToASSA'ILS, as-sale'. v. a. [assailler, Fr.] To at- 
tack in a hostile manner. Spenser. To attack with 
argument. Sliatspeare. 
ASSAILABLE, as-sa'-la-bl. 405. a. That which 

may be attacked. Shakspeare. 
ASSAILANT, as-sa'-lant. n. s. He that attacks, 

Hayward. 
ASSAILANT, as-sa'-lant. a. Attacking. Milton. 
ASSATLER, as-sa'-l&r. 98. n. s. One who attacks. 

Sidney. 
ASSATLMENT*, as-saie'-ment. n. s. Attack. John- 
son. 
ASS AP A! NICK, as-sa-pan'-nlk. n. s. A little ani- 
mal of Virginia, which is called in English the fly- 
ing squirrel. Trevoux. 
ASSART, as-sart'. n. s. [essart, Fr.] An offence 



committed in the forest, by plucking up woods by 
the roots. Cowel. 
To ASSATtT, as-sart'. v. a. To commit an assart ; 

to grub up. Ashmole. 
ASSA'SSIN§,as-sas'-sln. )n. s. [assassin, 

ASSA'SSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate. $ Fr.] A mur- 
derer ; one that kills by treachery, or sudden vio- 
lence. Wotton. 
To ASSA'SSIN*, as-sas'-sin. v. a. To murder. Stil- 

lingfleet. 
ASSA'SSINACY*, as-sas'-se-na-se. n. s. The act of 

assassinating. Hammond. 
ASSA'SSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate. n. s. Murder. B. 

Jonson. A murderer. 
To ASSA'SSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate. 91. i\ a. To 

murder. Dryden. To way-lay. Milton. 
To ASSA'SSINATE*, as-sas'-se-nate. v. n. To 

murder. Sandys. 
ASSASSIN A'TION, as-sas-se-na'-shun. n. s. The act 

of assassinating. Shakspeare. 
ASSA'SSFNATOR, as-sas'-se-na-t&r. n. s. Mar 

derer. 
ASSA'SSINOUS*, as-sas'-e-nus. a. Murderous. 

Cockeram. 
ASSA'TION,as-sa/-shun. ». s. [cessation, Fr.] Roast- 
ing. Brcnone. 
ASSA'ULT 6, as-salt', n.s. [assault, Fr.] Attack. 
Shak. Storm : opposed to sap or siege. 2 Mace. v. 
Hostile violence. Spenser. Invasion. Clarendon. 
Injury offered to a man's person. Cowel. 
To ASSA'ULT, as-salt', v. a. To attack ; to fall 

upon with violence. Esth. viii. 
ASSA'ULT ABLE*, as-salt'-a-bl. a. Capable of as- 
sault. Sir Roger Williams. 
ASSAULTER, as-salt'-ur. n.s. One who violently 

assaults another. Sidney. 
ASSA'Y§, as-sa'. n. s. [essaye, Fr.} Examination; 
trial. Shak, The examination of measures and 
weights by the clerk of the market. The first en- 
trance upon any thing. Spenser. Trial by danger 
or distress. Spenser. Value. Spenser. 
To ASSA'Y, as-sa'. v. a. To make trial of. Spenser. 
To apply to, as the touchstone in assaying metals. 
Milton.. To try; to endeavour. 1 Sam. xvii. 
To ASSA'Y*, as-sa.'. v. n. To try ; to endeavour. 
ASSA^YER, as-sa'-ur. 98. n. s. An officer of the 

mint, for the due trial of silver. Cowel. 
ASSECTA'TION, as-s&k-ta'-shun. n. s. [assectatio, 

Lat.] Attendance, or waiting upon. Diet. 
To ASSECU'RE§*, as-se-kure'. v. a. [assecuro, low 

Lat.] To make one sure or certain. Bullokar. 
ASSECU'RANCE*, as-se-ku'-ranse. n. s. Assurance. 

Sheldon. 
ASSECURA'TION*, as-se-ku-ra'-shun. n. s. As- 
surance free from doubt. Bishop Hall. 
ASSECU'TION, as-se-ku'-shun. n. s. [assequor, asse 

cutum, Lat.] Acquirement. Ayliffe. 
ASSE'MBLAGE, as-sem'-bladje.90. n.s. [assemblage, 
Fr.] A collection of individuals. Locke. The state 
of being assembled. Thomson. 
ASSE'MBLANCE*, as-sem'-blanse. n. s. [assem- 
blame, Fr.] Representation. Shak. Assembling. 
Spenser. 
To ASSE'MBLE§, as-sem'-bl. 405. v. a. [assembler, 

Fr,] To bring together. Isaiah, xi. 
To ASSE'MBLE, as-sem'-bl. v. n. To meet together. 

Daniel, vi. 
ASSE'MBLER*, as-sem'-blur. n. s. He who assem- 
bles or meets others. Hammond. 
ASSEMBLING* as-sem'-blmg. n. s. Meeting to- 
gether. Bp. Fleetwood. 
ASSE'MBLY, as-sem'-ble. n. s. [assembUe, Fr.] A 
company met together. Shak. An assemblage. 
Howell. The assembly of divines, by way of dis- 
tinction ; recorded in the history of this country. 
Bp.Hall. ■ , „, 

ASSE'MBLY-ROOM*, as-sem'-ble-room. n. s. The 

room in which visitors assemble. Johnson. 
ASSE'NT§, as-sent', n.s. [assensus, Lat.] The act 
of agreeingto any thing. Shak. Consent. Hooker. 
To ASSE'NT, as-sent', v. n. To concede, or agree 
to. Acts, xxiv. 

108 



ASS 



ASS 



— 116, move, n6r, n6t; — tiSbe, tub, bull; — 511;— pdund; — thin, this. 



ASSENTATION, as-sen-uV-shun. n. s. Compliance 

out of dissimulation. Lord Northampton. 
ASSENT A'TOR*, as-sen-uV-tur. n. s. A flatterer; 

a follower. Sir T. Eluot. Ob. T. 
ASSE NTER*, as-sent -ur. n. s. The person who 

consents. 8ir T. Herbert. 
ASSE NTINGLY*, as-sent' -ing-le. ad. Accordingly, 

or bv agreement. Huloet. 
ASSENTMENT, as-sent'-ment. n.s. Consent. 

Brown. 
To ASSERTS, as-sert'. v a. [ussero, Lat.] To 
maintain. Dryden. To affirm. Milton. To claim. 
Dry den. To rescue. Bp. Patrick. 
ASSE RTION. ds-seV-shun. n. s. The act of assert- 
in?. Position advanced. Browne. 
ASSERTIVE. as-ser'-tlV. 158. a. Positive; dog- 
matical. Glanvilie. 
ASSE'RTIVELY*, as-seV-tlv-le. ad. Affirmatively. 

Bp. Bedell. 
ASSE^RTOR. as-ser'-tur. 98. n.s. Maintainer; 

vindicator. Dnjden. 
ASSERTORY*, as'-ser-tur-e. a. Affirming; sup- 
porting. Bp. Hall. 
To ASSE RYE, as-serv'. v. a. [asservio, Lat.] To 

serve. Diet. 
To ASSE SSS.as-seV. v. a. [assesser, Fr.] To charge 

with any certain sum. 
ASSESS*, as-ses'. n. s. Assessment. Princely 

Pelican. 
ASSESSABLE*, as-seV-a-bl. a. That which may 

be assessed. 
ASSESSION, as-sesh'-un. n. s. A sitting down by 

one. Diet. 
ASSESSIONARY* as-sesh'-un-a-re. a. Pertaining 

to assessors. Carew. 
ASSESSMENT, as-ses'-ment. n. s. The sum levied 
on property. Bp. Hall. The act of assessing. 
Howell. 
ASSESSOR, as-ses 7 -sur. 98. n. s. [assessor, Lat.] 
The person that sits by another. Dnjden. He that 
sits by another as next in dignity. Milton. He that 
lays taxes. Raleigh. 
ASSETS, as' -sets. n. s. [assez, Fr.] Goods sufficient 

to discharge a debt. Cowel, 
To ASSE' VER§, as-sev'-er. 98. ) 

To ASSEVERATE, as-seV-e-rate. 91, 555. \ v ' a ' 
[assevero, Lat.] To affirm with great solemnity. 
Fotherbv. 
ASSEVERATION, as-sev-e-ra'-shtm. n. s. Solemn 

affirmation. Hooker. 
ASSHEAD, as'-h^d. n. s. [ass and head.] One slow 

of apprehension ; a blockhead. Bale. 
ASSFDUATE* as-sid'-ju-ate. a. Daily. K. Charles I. 
ASSIDUITY, as-se-du'-e-te. n. s. Diligence; close- 
ness of application. Addison. 
ASSI'DUOUSS, as-sid'-ju-us. 294, 376. a. [assidmui, 

Lat.] Constant in application. Milton. 
ASSFDUOUSLY, as-s?d'-ju-us-le. ad. Diligently. 

Boyle. 
ASSFDUOUSNESS*, as-sM'-ju-us-nes. n.s. Dili- 
gence. 
To ASSIE'GE, as-seeje'. v. a. [assieger, Fr.] To 

besiege. Diet. 
ASSIE'NTO, as-se-eV-to. n. s. [Span.] A contract 
between the king of Spain and other powers, for 
furnishing the Spanish dominions in America with 
negro slaves. Burke. 
To ASSPGN §. as-sW. v. a. [assigno, Lat.] To mark 
out. 2 Sam. xi. To appropriate. 2 Maccab. iv. 
To fix the quantity or value. Locke. [In law.] To 
appoint a deputy, or make over a right to another. 
Coicel. 
ASSPGN*, as-slne'. n. s. The person to whom any 

property is assigned. Warton. 
ASSPGNABLE, as-slne'-a-bl. a. That which may 

be marked out. South. 
ASSIGNAT*, as'-sfg-nat. n. s. [Fr.] The paper 

money of France after its Revolution. Burke. 
ASSIGNATION, as-s?g-na'-shun. n. s. An appoint- 
ment to meet ; used generally of love appointments. 
Spectator. A making over a thing to another. 
Sir E. Sarulys. Designation. Pearson. 



ASSIGNEE', as-se-ne'. n. s. He that is appointed 

by another to do any act. Cowel. 
ASSFGNER, as-sl'-nur. 98. n. s. He that appoints. 

Decau of Piety. 
ASSI'GNMENT, as-slne'-ment. n. s. Appropriation 
of any thing to another thing or person. Hooker. 
Designation. Mountagu. 
ASSIMILABLE, as-shn'-e-la-bl.a. That which may 
be converted to the same nature with something 
else. Brown. 
To ASSPMILATE$,as-slm'-e-]ate.91. v.n. [assimi- 

lo, Lat.] To convert food to nourishment. Bacon. 

To ASSFM1LATE, as-sim'-e-late. 91. v. a. To 

bring to a likeness. Swift. To turn to its own na 

ture bv digestion. Milton. 

ASSFMILATENESS, as-sim'-me-late-nes. n. s. 

Likeness. Diet. 
ASSIMILATION, as-sim-me-la'-shun. n. s. The act 
of converting any thing to the nature of another. 
Bacon. The state of being assimilated. Brown. 
ASSFMILATrVE*, as-smr-me-la-tlv. a. Having the 
power of turning to its own nature by digestion. 
Hakewill. 
To ASSFMULATE§, as-sW-u-late. v. a. [assimulo, 

Lat.] To feign. Did. 
ASSIMULATION, as-sim-u-la'-shun. n. s. A coun- 
terfeiting. Diet. 
ASSINE'GO*. as-se-ne'-gc-. n. s. [Portuguese.] An 

ass. Sir T. Herbert. 
To ASSl'ST$,as-slst'. v. a. [assisto, Lat.] To help 

Romans, xvi. 
To ASSIST*, as-sist'. v. n. To help. Nelson. 
ASSISTANCE, as-sy-tanse.rt.s.Help. Stillinsjled. 
ASSISTANT, as-sis'-tant. a. Helping. Hale.^ 
ASSISTANT, as-sls'-tant. n. s. An auxiliary. Ba- 
; con. Attendant. Dry den. 
! ASSPSTER*, as-slst'-ur. n. s. A helper. Ash. 
! ASSFSTLESS*,as-s&t'-les. a. Wanting help. Pope. 
\ ASSPZE §, as-slze'. n. s. [assise, Fr.] An assembly 
I of knights and others, with the bailiff or justice. A 
I jury. An ordinance or statute. Blackstone. The 
j court, place, or time, where and when the writs of 
assize are taken. Coicel. Any court of justice. 
Dnjden. Assize of bread, ale, &c. Measure of 
price or rate. Measure. Spenser. 
To ASSPZE. as-slze'. r. a. To fix the rate. Gower. 
ASSPZER, or ASSISER, as-sl'-zur. n. s. An offi- 
cer that has the care of weights and measures. 
Chambers. 

ASSLIKE*, as'-llke. «. Resembling an ass. Sidney. 
To ASSO'BER*, as-s6'-bur. v. a. To keep sober. 

Gower. Ob. T. 
ASSO'CIABLE, as-s6'-she-a-bl. a. Sociable 5 com- 
panionable. 
To ASSO'CIATE§, as-siV-she-ate. 91. v. a. [asso- 
cio, Lat.] To unite with another. Sluzk. To adopt 
as a friend. Dryden. To accompany. Shak. To 
unite. Sir E. Sandys. 
ASSOCIATE, as-s<y-she-ate. 91. a. Confederate. 

Milton. 
ASSOCIATE, as-so'-she-ate. n. s. A partner. Sid- 
ney. A confederate. Hooker. A companion. 
Wotton. 
ASSOCIA'TION, as-s6-she-a'-shun. [See Pronun- 
ciation.] n. s. Union. Hooker. Confederacy. 
Hooker. Partnership. Boyle, Connexion. Watts. 
Apposition. Newton. An assembly of persons. 
Burke. 
ASSO'CIATOR*, as-so-she-a'-tSr. n. s. A confede- 
rate. Dryden. 
To ASSO'IL* as-s&ll', v. a. [assoiler, old Fr.] To 
solve. Mede. To release or set free. Bp. Taylor, 
To absolve by confession. Percy, To stain j to 
soil. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
ASSONANCE §, as'-sA-nanse. n. s. [assonance, Fr,] 

Resemblance of sound. Diet. 
ASSONANT, as'-so-nant. a. Sounding in a manner 

resembling another sound. Diet. 
To ASSONATE* as'-s6-nate. v. n. [assono, Lat.] 

To sound, like a bell. Cockeram. 
To ASSORT §, as-sort'. v. a. [assortir, Fr.] To fur- 
nish with all sorts. Burke. 
109 






ASS 



AST 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



ASSO'RTMENT, as-sort'-mint. n. s. The act of 
classing or ranging. R. Johnson. A quantity prop- 
erly selected. A. Smith. 
To ASSO'T, as-s6t'. v. a. [assoter, Fr.] To infatuate. 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ASSUA'GE §, as-swaje'. 331. v. a. [assoager, old 

Fr.] To mitigate. Addison. To appease. Fairfax. 

To ease. 
To ASSUAGE, as-swajV. v.n. To abate. Gen. viii. 
ASSUA'GEMENT, as-swaje'-ment. n. s. Mitigation. 

Spenser. 
ASSUA'GER, as-swa'-j&r. 98. n.s. One who pacifies. 
ASSUASIVE, as-swa ; -siv. 158, 428. a. Softening ; 

mitigating. Pope. 
To ASSU'BJECT*, as-sabZ-je'kt. v. a. [assoubjectir, 

Fr.] To make subject. Cotgrave. 
To ASSU'BJUGATE, as-sub'-ja-gate. 91. v.' a. 

To subject to. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
ASSUEFACTION, as-swe-fak'-shon. n. s. [assuefa- 

cio, Lat.] Accustomed to any thing. Brown. 
A'SSUETUDE, as'-swe-tude. 334. n. s. Custom. 

Bacon. 
To ASSUME^as-sume'. 454. v. a. [assume, Lat.] To 

lake. Pope. To take upon one's self. Dryden. 

To arrogate. To suppose something granted with- 
out proof. Boyle. To appropriate. Clarendon. 

$Cp Why Mr. Sheridan should pronounce this word and 
the word consume without the h, and presume and re- 
sume, as if written prezhoom and reihoom, is not easily 
conceived ; the ■•> ought to be aspirated in all or none. — 
See Principles, 451, 478, 479. TV. 



To be arrogant. 
[assumentum, Lat.] 
An arrogant man. 



To ASSU'ME§, as-sume'. r, 
Bui~net. 

ASSU'MENT* as-siV-ment. n 
A patch or piece set on. Lewis. 

ASSU'MER, as-siV-mur. 9$. n. s. 
South. 

ASST7MING, as-su'-mmg. part. a. Arrogant. Dryd. 

ASSUMING*, as-sa'-m?ng. n. s. Presumption. B. 
Jonson. 

ASSUMPSIT, as-sum'-sft. n. s. A voluntary 
promise made by word, whereby a man taketh 
upon him to perform or pay any thing to another. 
Coivel. 

To ASSU'MPT*, as-sumpt'. v. a. To take up from 
below unto a high place. Sheldon. Ob. T. 

ASSU'MPT*, as-sumpt'. n. s. That which is assumed. 
Chilh'nsrirorth. 

ASSUMPTION, as-sam'-shfiu. n. s. Taking any 
thing to one's self. Hammond. The supposition. 
Norris. The thing supposed. Dryden. South. 
The taking up any person into heaven, which is 
supposed by the Romish church of the Blessed Vir- 
gin. Slillingjleet. Simply, the act of taking. How- 
ell. Adoption. Warton. 

ASSU'MPTIVE, as-scW-t?v. 157. a. That is as- 
sumed. 

ASSU'RANCE, ash-shn-'ranse. n. s. Certain expec- 
tation. South. Secure confidence. Spenser. Free- 
dom from doubt. Hooker. Firmness. Rogers. 
Confidence; want of modesty. Sidney. Freedom 
from vicious shame. Locke. Ground of confidence. 
Sidney. Spirit; intrepidity. Knolles. Sanguine- 
ness. Hammond. Testimony of credit. Shakspeare. 
Conviction. Tillotson. [In theology.] Security with 
respect to a future state. The same with insurance. 
Security to make good the loss. Slmkspearc. 

To ASSURES, ash-shure'.455. v. a. [asseurer, Fr.] 
To give confidence by promise. 2 Mace. To secure 
to another. Rogers. To make confident. Uohn, iii. 
To make secure. Spenser. To affiance ; to betroth. 
Shakspeare. 

ASSU'RED, ash-shiV-red, or ash-shurd'. 359. par*, a. 
Certain; indubitable. Bacon. Certain ; not doubt- 
ing. Shakspeare. Viciously confident. 

ASSU'REDLY, ash-shu'-rSd-le. 364. ad. Certainly. 
Shakspeare. 

ASSUREDNESS, ash-shu'-ied-nes. 365. n. s. Cer- 
tainty. Hakewill. 

ASSURER, ash-shu'-rfir. n. s. He that gives assu- 
rance. He thdt gives security. 



To ASSWAGE §. See To Assuage. 
ASTERISK, aV-te-rlsk. n.s. [doripfoicos, Gr.] A 
mark in printing, in form of a little star; as *. Grew 
A'STERISM, as'-te-rLm. n. s. [aarioKrytoi.'] A con- 
stellation. Bentley. An asterisk, or mark. Dryden. 
ASTERFTES*, as-ter-l'-tez. n. s. A starry stone. 
ASTE'RN, a-slern'. ad. In the hinder part of the ship. 

Dryden. 
To ASTE'RT, a-stert'. v. a. To terrify; to startle. 

Spenser. 
A'STHMA§, ast'-ma. 471. n. s. [dVfljwa.] A frequent 
difficult, and short respiration, joined with a hissing 
sound and a cough. Quincy. 
ASTHMATIC AL, ast-mat'-e-kal. }a. Troubled 
ASTHMA'TICK, ast-mat'-fk. 509. $ with an asth- 
ma. Boyle. 
ASTHxMATICK*, ast-mdt'-ik. 509. n.s. One troub- 
led with an asthma. Arbuthnot. 
ASTHE'NICK*, as-r/ien'-ik. a. [a and cOivos, Gr.] 

Feeble ; without power. 
ASTHENO'LOGY*, as-*/ie-n&l'-6-je. n. s. A de- 
scription of weakness. 
ToASTFPULATE^*, as-tlp'-u-late. v.n. [astipu- 

lor, Lat.] To agree. Diet. 
ASTIPULATION*, as-tip'-u-la'shfln. n.s. Agree- 
ment. Bp. Hall. 
To ASTO'NE $*, as-t6ne'. ) v. a. [rtuman, Sax.] 
ToASTO'NY* as-ton'-e. < To terrify. Chaucer. 
ASTO'NIEDNESS*, as-ton'-e-ed-n&.n.s.The state 

of being astonished. Barret. Ob. T. 
To ASTONISH?, as-t&n'-n?sh. v. a. [estonner, Fr.] 

To amaze ; to surprise. Shakspeare. 
ASTONISHINGLY* as-ton'-lsh-ing-le. ad. In a 

surprising manner. Bp. Fleetwood. 
ASTONISHINGNESS, as-t6n'-n?sh-ing-ne"s. n. s. 

Of a nature to excite astonishment. ' 
ASTONISHMENT, as-t&n'-?sh-ment. n. s. Amaze- 
ment. Sidney. Cause of astonishment. Bacon. 
To ASTOUND, as-tSfind'. v.a. To astonish. Milton. 
To ASTOUND*, as-t6und'.i\n.To shake ; to stun. 

Thomson.. 
ASTRADDLE, a-strad'-dl.405.atf\ With one's legs 

across any thing. Diet. 

A'STRAGAL, as'-tra-gal. 503. n.s. [atrrpayaXoy.] A 

little round ringer bracelet, serving as an ornament 

at the tops and bottoms of columns. Builder's Diet. 

ASTRAL, as'-tra*. a. Starrv. Dryden. 

ASTRA'Y, a-stra'. ad. (jfcpse£an,Sax.] Out of the 

right way. Spenser. 
To ASTRl'CT$*, as-trlkt'. v.a. [astringo, Lat.] 

To contract by applications. Arbuthnot. 
ASTRFCT, as-trlkt'. a. [astrictus, Lat.] Compendi- 
ous. Weever. 
ASTRFCTION, as-tr?k'-shun. n. s. Contracting the 

parts of the body by applications. Bacon. 
ASTRFCTIVE, as-trlk'-uv. 158. a. Stiptick. Diet. 
ASTRFCTORY, as-trlk'-tar-re. a. Astringent. Diet. 
ASTRFDE, a-strlde'. ad. With the legs open. Hu- 

dibros. 
ASTRFFEROUS, as-trff'-e-rus. a. [astrifer, Lat.] 

Bearing stars. Diet. 
ASTRFGEROUS, as-trldj'-e-rfis. a. [astriger, Lat.] 

Carrying stars. Diet. 
To ASTRFNGE$, as-trinje'. v. a. [astringo, Lat.] 

To press by contraction. Bacon. 
ASTRFNGENCY, as-trm'-jen-se. n. s. The powet 

of contracting the parts of the body. Bacon. 
ASTRFNGENT, as-trm'-jent. a. Binding; c#n 

tracting. Quincy. 
ASTRFNGENT*, as-trm'-jent. n. s. An astringent 

medicine. Bacon. 
A'STROGRAPHY, as-tr&g'-ra-fe. 518. n. s. [o\ot 9 ov 
and ypa^a).] The science of describing the stars. 
Diet. 
A'STROITE*, as-tr61t'. n.s. [astroiie, Fr.] A stone. 

sparkling like a star. Warton. 
ASTROLABE, aY-tro-labe. n. s. [astrolabe, Fr.] 
An instrument chiefly used for taking the altitude 
of the pole, the sun, or stars, at sea. Dryden. A 
stereographick projection of the circles of the 
sphere upon the plane of some great circle. 
Cliambers. 

110 



AT 



ATM 



— n6, m6ve, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull ; — dll ;— pdund ;— th\n, this. 



ASTROLOGER, as-trol'-i-jur. n.s. [astrologvs, 
Lat.] One that professes to foretell events by the 

stars. Wotton. Anciently one that understood the 

motions of the planets, without including prediction. 

Raleigh. 
ASTROLO'GIAN, as-tr6-l6 / -je-an. n. s. The same 

with an astrologer. Camden. 
ASTROLOGICAL, as-tr6-l5d'-ie-kal. 509. ) ' 
ASTROLOGICK, as-tro-ldd'-jik. \ a - 

Professing- astrology. Wotton. Relating to astrol- 
ogy. Stilling fleet. 
ASTROLOGlCALLY, as-tro-tfd'-je-kal-le. ad. In 

an astrological manner. Burton. 
To ASTRO LOGIZE, as-trol'-o-jlze. v. n. To prac- 1 

tise astrology. 
ASTROLOGY}, as-troF-6-je. n.s. [astrologia, Lat.] 

The practice of foretelling things by the knowledge 

of the stars. Swift. 
ASTRONOMER, as-tr6n'-n6-mur. n. s. One that 

studies the celestial motions. Bacon. 
ASTRONOMICAL, as-lro-n&m'-e-kal. 509. ) „ 
ASTRONOMICK, as-tr6-ndm'-ik. \ a ' 

Belonging to astronomy. Brown. 
ASTRONOMICALLY, as-trc-nom'-e-kal-le. ad. 

In an astronomical manner. Bp. Hall. 
To ASTRO NOMIZE* as-tr6n / -n6-mlze. v. n. To 

study astronomy. Brown. 
ASTRONOMY $, as-tron'-no-me. 518. n. s. [acrpov- 

ofi/aj The science of the celestial bodies. Chamb. 
A STROSCOPY, as'-tros-ki-pe. n. s. [aorfip and 

oTcoiTfcj.] Observation of the stars. Did. 
A'STRO-THEOLOGY, as'-trA-*/ie-dl'-6-jk n. s. Di- 
vinity founded on the observation of the celestial 

bodies. Derham. 
ASTRU'T*, a-strut'. ad. In a swelling manner. 
To ASTU'N* a-stfin'. v. a. (jtunian, Sax.] To 

stun. Mirror for Magistrates. 
ASTU'TE*, as-tute'. a. [astutus, Lat.] Cunning; 

penetrating. Sir M. Sandys. 
ASU'NDER, a-s&n'-dfir.98. ad. [sundr, Goth.] Apart ; 

separately. Spenser. 
ASWOON*, a-swodn'. ad. [afpunan, Sax.] In a 

swoon. Gower. 
ASY'LUM. a-sl'-lum. n. s. [Lat.] A sanctuary ; a 

refuge. Ayliffe. 

fyCr Nothing can show more plainly the tendency of our 
language to an antepenultimate accent than the vulgar 
pronunciation of this word, which generally places the 
accent on the first syllable. This is however an unpar- 
donable offence to a Latin ear, which insists on pre- 
serving the accent of the original, whenever we adopt 
a Latin word into our own language without alteration. 
—See Principles, No. 503. TV. 

ASY'MMETRAL*. as-slm'-me-tral. ) 

ASYMMETRICAL* as-sim-meV-re-kal. \ °" 
Not agreeing. More. 

ASYMMETRY §, a-sW-me-tre. n.s. [a and avyt- 
jxiTpia.] Contrariety to symmetry ; disproportion. 
Grew. 

A'SYMPTOTE, as'-slm-tite. n.s. [a, cvv, and 
tttow.] Asymptotes are right lines, which approach 
nearer and nearer to some curve ; but which never 
meet. Chambers. 

JJ5= I have preferred Dr. Johnson's accentuation on the 
first syllable, to Mr. Sheridan's and Dr. Ash's on the 
second. W. 

ASYNDETON, a-sni'-de-t&n. n. s. [acvvScTov.] A 
figure in grammar, when a conjunction copulative 
is omitted in a sentence. Peacham. 

AT, at. prep, [at, Goth.] At before a place notes the 
nearness of the place ; as, a man is at the house 
before he is in it. StiUingJUet. At before a word 
signifying time notes the co-existence of the time 
with the event 5 as, at a minute. Hooker. At before 
a causal word signifies nearly the sameaswtl/i; as, 
he did it at a touch. ShaA. At before a superlative 
adjective implies in the state ; as, at best. South. 
At signifies the particular condition of the person; 
as, at peace. Shale. At before a substantive some- 
times marks employment ; as, busy at his task. 
South. At is sometimes the same with furnislied 
with; as, at arms. Shah. At sometimes notes the 



t. Atheistical ; denying God. 



place where any thing is: He lives at Barnet. 
Sluik. At sometimes signifies in immediate conse- 
quence of: He swooned at the sight. Hale. At 
marks sometimes the effect proceeding from an act : 
He eat at his own cost. Dryden. At sometimes is 
nearly the same as in ; as, he was at the bottom. 
Swift. At sometimes marks the occasion, like on ; 
as, at this he turn'd. Dryden. At sometimes seems 
to signify in the power of, or obedient to. Dryden. 
At sometimes notes the relation of a man to an 
action. Collier. At sometimes imports the manner 
of an action. Dryden. At means sometimes ap- 
plication to, or dependence on. Pope. At all. In 
any manner. Pope. 

A'TABAL, at'-a-bal. n.s. A kind of tabour used by 
the Moors. Dryden. 

ATARA>XIA,ki-&-Aks'-h-L )n. s. [arapa^ta.] 

ATARAXY, at'-ta-rak-se. 517. $ Tranquillity. 
Glanville. 

A'TAXY*, at'-aks-e. n. s. [dra£a, Gr.] Disturbance ; 
confusion. Hallywell. 

ATE. The preterite of eat. Spenser. 

ATE'LLAN* a-tel'-Ian. n. s. [atellanes, old Fr/j 
Dramatick representation, satirical or licentious. 
Burton. 

ATE LLAN*, a-telMan. a. Relating to the dramas at 
Atella. Shaftesbury. 

ATHANA'SI AN*, a-i^e-na'-she-an. n. s. He who es- 
poused the doctrine of Athanasius. Waterland. 

ATHANA'SIAN* a-i/ze-na'-she-an. a. Relating to 
the Creed of St. Athanasius. Waterland. 

ATHA'NOR, atfi'-a-n6r. 166. n. s. A digesting fur- 
nace, to keep heat for some time. Quincy. 

A'THEISM, a'-Z/ie-lzm. 505. n. s. The disbelief of a 
God. Bacon. 

ATHEISTS, a'-^e-ist. n.s. [Mcos, Gr.] One that 
denies the existence of God. So 

ATHEIST, a'-tfie-ist. 
Milton. 

ATHEFSTICAL, a-tfie-Js'-te-kal. a. Given to athe- 
ism. South. 

ATHEFSTICALLY, a-tfte-ls'-te-kal-le. ad. In an 
atheistical manner. South. 

ATHEFSTICALNESS, a-tfie-V-te-kal-nes. n. s. 
The quality of being atheistical. Hammond. 

ATHEFSTICK, a-^e-fs'-tfk.a. Given to atheism. 
Ray. 

To A'THEIZE*, a'-tfie-Ize. v. n. To talk like an 
unbeliever. Cudworth. 

A'THEL, ATHELING, ADEL, and ./ETHEL, 
from adel. Germ, noble. Gibson. 

ATHEOLOGIAN*, atfi-e-o-li'-je-an. n. s. One 
who is the opposite to a theologian. Hayward. 

A'THEOUS, a'-tfie-fls. 505. a. Atheistick ; godless. 
Milton. 

ATHEROMA, atfi-e-ro'-ma. 527. n. s. [Mipuiiia.] 
A species of wen. Sharp. 

ATHEROMATOUS, atfi-e-rcW-a-tfis. a. Having 
the qualities of an atheroma. Wiseman. 

ATHFRST, a-tftursl'. 108. ad. Thirsty. Ruth, ii. 

ATHLETES* foh'lhe. n. s. [aO\r,T VS> Gr.] Aeon- 
tender for victory. Delany. 

ATHLETICK, kh-\h'-lk. 500. a. Belonging to 
wrestling. Sir T. Browne. Strong of body . South. 

ATHWATtT, a-tfiwart'. prep. Across. Bacon. 
Through. Addison. 

ATH WA'RT, a-//iwart / . ad. In a manner vexatious 
and perplexing. Sliak. Wrong. Sluikspeare. 

ATFLT, a-tilt'. ad. In the manner of a tilter. Shah. 
The posture of a barrel raised or tilted behind. 
Spectator. 

ATLANTE'AN*, at-lan-te'-an. a. [atlanleus, Lat.] 
Resembling Atlas. Milton. 

ATLA'NTICK*, at-lan'-tlk. ' a. That part of the 
ocean, which lies between Europe and Africa on 
the one side, and America on the other. B. Jonson. 

ATLAS, at'-las. n. s. A collection of maps. A large 
square folio. Sometimes the supporters of a build- 
ing. A rich kind of silk or stuff. Sped. A term 
applied to naper ; atlas-dae, and atlas-ordinary. 

ATMOSPHERE §, at'-mus-fere. n. s. [arfios and 
ctiaioa.'] The air. Locke. 
¥ ^ 111 



ATT 



ATT 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, met;— pine, pfn- 



ATMOSPHE'RICAL, at-mus-feV-e-kal. a. Consist- 
ing of the atmosphere. Boyle. 
A'TOM$, at'-tum. 166. n. s. [&tojios.J Such a small 
particle as cannot be physically divided. Quincy. 
Any thing extremely small. Shakspeare. 
ATO'MICAL. a-t6n/-e-kal. a. Consisting of atoms. 

Browne. Relating to atoms. Bentley. 
A'TOMISM*, at'-tum-izm. n.s. The doctrine of 

atoms. 
A'TOMIST, at'-t6-m?st. n.s. One that holds the 

aiomical philosophy, or doctrine of atoms. Locke. 
A'TOMLIKE*, aZ-tum-llke. a. Resembling atoms. 

Browne. 
A'TOMY, at'-to-me. n. s. An obsolete word for 
atom. Shak. An abbreviation of anatomy : mean- 
ing a meager person. Sliakspeare. 
To ATONE $, a-t<W. *. n. [from at one.] To agree. 
Sliak. To stand as an equivalent for something. 
Vryden. 
To ATONE, a-tone'. v. a. To reduce to concord. 

B. Jonson. To expiate. Pope. 
ATONE*, a-t6ne'. ) ad. At one ; together. Spen- 
ATTONE*, it-tone'. $ ser. 
ATONEMENT, a-t6ne'-ment. n. s. Agreement; 

concord. Sliakspeare. Expiation. Numbers. 
ATONER* a-t6ne'-fir. n.s. He who reconciles. 
ATONICK*, a-ton'-nik. a. Wanting tone. 
A'TONY$*, at'-6-ne. n.s. [alonie, Fr.] Want of 

tone or elasticitv. 
ATOT, a-top'. ad. On the top. Milton. 
ATRABILA'RIAN^t-tra-be-la'-re-an.SOS. a. [atra 

Mis.] Melancholy. Arbuthnot. 
ATRABILA'RIOtJS, at-tra-be-la'-re-us. a. Melan- 

cholick. Quincy. 
ATRAMENTAL, at-tra-men'-tal. )a. [atramen- 
ATRAMENTOUS, at-tra-men'-tfis. $ torn, Lat.] 

Inky; black. Brown. 
A'TRED*, a'-tgrd. a. [ater, Lat.] Tinged with a 

black colour. Whitaker. 
ATROCIOUS $, a-tro'-shus. 292. a. [atrox, Lat.] 

Wicked in a high degree. Ay life. 
ATROCIOUSLY, at-tr6'-shus-le. ad. In an atro- 
cious manner. Lowth. 
ATROCIOUSNESS, a-tr6'-shus-nes. n.s. Being 

enormously criminal. Home. 
ATROCITY, a-tros'-se-te. 511. n.s. Horrible wick- 
edness. Wotton. 
ATROPHY, at'-tro-fe. n.s. [iWta.] A disease 
in which the food cannot contribute to the support 
of the body. Milton. 
To ATTACKS, at-tatsh'. v. a. [attache,; Fr.] To 
arrest. Cowel. To seize in a judicial manner. 
SliaJc. To lay hold on, as by power. Shak. To 
win ; to gain over. Milton. To fix to one's inter- 
est. Rogers. 
ATTACHMENT, at-tatsh'-ment. n.s. Adherence; 
fidelity. Addison. Attention; regard. Arbuthnot. 
An apprehension of a man to bring him to answer 
an action. The jurisdiction of the forest. Howell. 
To ATTACKS, at-tak'. v. a. [attaquer, Fr.] To as- 
sault an enemy. Philips. To impugn in any manner. 
ATTACK, at-tak'. n. s. An assault. Pope. 
ATTACKER, at-tak'-ur. 98. n.s. The person that 

attacks. Elphinstone. 
To ATTA'INS, at-tane'. v. a. [attineo, Lat/1 To 
gain ; to obtain. Tillotson. To overtake. Bacon. 
To come to. Milton. To reach. Bacon. 
To ATTAIN, at-tane'. v. n. To come to a certain 

state. Arbuthnot. To arrive at. Psalm cxxxix. 
ATTAIN, at-tane'. n.s. Attainment. Glanville. Ob. J. 
ATTAINABLE , at-tane' -a-bl. a. Procurable. Tillot. 
ATTAIN ABLENESS, at-tane'-a-bl-nes. n.s. Be- 
ing attainable. Cheyne. 
ATTAINDER, at-tane'-d&r. 98. n.s. [attainder, 
old Fr.] The act of attainting in law ; conviction 
of a crime. Bacon. Taint. Sliakspeare. 
ATTAINMENT, at-tane'-ment. «. s. That which is 
attained. Glanville. The act of attaining. Hooker. 
To ATTATNT$, at-tant'.u.a. To disgrace. Spenser. 
To attaint is particularly used for such as are found 
guilty of some crime, especially of felony or trea- 
son. Cowel To taint ; to corrupt. Shakspeare. 



ATTAINT*, at-tant'. part. a. Convicted. Sadler. 

ATTAINT, at-tant'. n. s. Any thing injurious. SIuxk 
Stain; spot. Shak. A wound on the hinder feet 
of a horse. Farrier's Diet. [In law.] A writ so 
called. Burnet. 

ATTA'EVTMENT*, at-tant'-ment. n. s. The state 
of being attainted. Ashmole. 

ATTA'INTURE, at-tane'-tshure. 461. n.s. Legal 
censure. Shakspeare. 

To ATTA'MlNATE,at-tam'-e-nate. v. a. [attainino 
Lat.] To corrupt. 

To ATTA'SK*, at-task'. v. a. To task ; to tax 
Sliakspeare. 

To ATTA'STE* at-taste'. v. a. To taste. Mirror 
for Magistrates. Ob. T. 

To ATTE'MPER$,at-lem'-pur.i;.a. [attempero, Lat.] 
To mingle ; to dilute. Gower. To soften. Bacon. 
To mix in just proportions. Spenser. To fit to. 
Spenser. 

ATTE'MPERANCE*, at-tem'-pur-anse. n. s. Tem- 
perance. Cliaucer. 

ATTE'MPERLY*, at-tem'-pnr-le. ad. In a temperate 
manner. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

To ATTE'MPERATE, at-teW-pe-rate. 555. v. a. 
To proportion to. Hammond. 

!T0ATTE / MPT$,at-te , mt / .412.i>.a. [attenter, Fr.] To 
attack. Shak. To try. 1 Mace. xii. To tempt. Spenser. 

To ATTE'MPT, at-temt'. v.n. To make an attack. 
Glanville. 

ATTEMPT, at-temt'. 412. n. s. An attack. Bacon. 
An essay. Sliakspeare. 

ATTEMPT ABLE, at-temt'-ta-bl. a. Liable to at- 
tempts. Sliakspeare. 

ATTE'MPTER, at-temt'-tur. n.s. An invader. Mil- 
ion. An endeavour. Glanville. 

To ATTEND $, at-t£nd'. v. a. [attendo, Lat.] To re- 
gard. Sidney. To wait on. Shak. To accompa- 
ny as an enemy. Clarendon. To be present with, 
upon a summons. To accompany. Shak. To ex- 
pect. Raleigh. To wait on. Spenser. To be con- 
sequent to. Clarendon. To remain to; to await. 
Locke. To wait for insidiously. Shale. To be bent 
upon. Dryden. To stay for. Shakspeare. To 
mind. 2. Maccab. xi. 

To ATTEND, at-tend'. v.n. To yield attention. 
Milton. To stay. Davies. To wait ; to be within 
reach or call. Spenser. To wait, as compelled by 
authority. Clarendon. 

ATTENDANCE, at-ten'-danse. n. s. The act of 
waiting on. Shak. Service. Shak. The persons 
waiting; a train. Milton. Attention. 1 Tim. iv. 
Expectation. Hooker. 

ATTENDANT, at-ten'-dant. a. Accompanying as 
subordinate. Milton. 

ATTENDANT, at-ten'-dant. n. s. One that attends. 
Shak. One of the train. Dryden. Suitor or agent. 
Burnet. One that is present. Swift. [In law.] 
One that oweth a duty to another. Cowel. A con- 
comitant or consequent. Milton. 

ATTENDER, at-ten'-d&r. 98. n. s. Companion. B. 
Jonson. 

ATTENT,at-tent'. a. Intent; attentive. 2 Chron. vii. 

ATTENTATES, at-ten'-tates. n. s. Proceedings in 
a court of judicature, after an inhibition is decreed. 
At/life. 

ATTENTION, at-ten'-shun. n. s. The act of attend- 
i ing or heeding. Shakspeare. 

ATTENTP7E, at-ten'-tiv. 158. a. Heedful ; regard- 
ful. Hooker. 

ATTENTIVELY, at-ten'-tfv-le. ad. Heedfully. 
Bacon. 

ATTENTIVENESS, at-ten'-tlv-nes. n. s. Attention. 
Knigld. 

ATTENUANT, at-ten'-u-ant. a. A diluting power. 

To ATTENUATES, at-ten'-u-ate. v.a.\aitenuo, 
Lat.] To make thin. Boyle. To lessen. Howell. 

ATTENUATE, at-ten'-u-ate. 91. a. Made thin. 
Bacon. 

ATTENUATION, at-ten-iVa'-shfin. n. s. Lessening. 
Bacon. The state of being made thin. Donne. 

A'TTER, at'-t&r. 98. n.s. [atep, Sax.] Corrupt mat- 
ter. Skinner. 

112 



ATT 



AlTD 



-116, move, nor, n6t ; — u'lhc, uib, bull; — oil ; — pdund ; — tlim, THis. 



To ATTE'ST$,at-test'. v. a. [attestor. Lat.l To bear 

witness. Addison. To call to witness. Dn/dcn. 
ATTE'ST. It-test', n. .<?. Witness. Shakspeare. 
ATTESTATION, at-teVta'-shfin. n. s. Testimony. 

Government of the Tongue. 
ATTE'STER* or ATTE'STOR*. at-teV-6r. n.s. 

A witness. Spenser. 
ATTICAL* at'-ie-kfU. a. [Aniens, LaU Relating to 

the style of Athens ; pure ; classical. Hammond. 
To A / TTICISE$#,at / -te-slze. v.n. [drt«f$u, Gr.] 

To use an atticism. Bentley. 
ATTICISM*, at'-te-slzm. h.s. An imitation of the 

Attick style, Bentlaj. 
A'TTICK*. at'-t'ik. a. Belonging to Athens; pure; 

clas sical ; elegant. Milton. 
A'TTICK*, at'-t'ik. n. s. A native of Attica. Bentleij. 

The garret or uppermost room in a house. 
To ATTl'NGE, at-tlnjV. v. a. [atiingo, Lat.] To 

touch lightly. Diet. 
To ATTFRES.at-tW. v. a. [aitirer, Fr.] To dress. 
Spenser. [In heraldry.] Attired is used among 
heralds, in speaking ol the horns of a buck or stag. 
Bnllokar. 
ATTI'RE,at-tlre'.w.s. Clothes. Hooker. The head 
dress, in particular. The horns of a buck or 
stag. The flower of a plant is divided into three 
parts, the empalement. the foliation, and the attire. 
Diet. 
ATTI'RER, at-tl'-rur. n. s. A dresser. Diet. 
ATTIRING* at-tlre'-hig. n. s. The head-dress. 

Sidneif. 
ToATTPTLE* at-tl'-tl. v. a. To entitle. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
ATTITUDE, at'-le-tide. n. s. [attitude, Fr.] The 
posture in which a person, statue, or painted figure, 
is placed. Prior. 
ATTO'LLENT, at-t&l'-Ient. a. [attollens, Lat.] That 

which lifts up. Derliam. 
To ATTO'NE*. See Atone. 
To ATTORN §*, or ATTU'RN** at-uW. v. a. 
[attorner, old Fr.] To transfer the service of a vas- 
sal. Sadler. 
To ATTORN* at-turn'. v.n. To acknowledge a 
new possessor of property, and accept tenancy 
under him. Blackstone. 
ATTORNEY, at-tdr'-ne. 165. n.s. He who by con 
sent, commandment, or request, takes upon him the 
charge of other men's business. Cowel. It was an 
ciently used for those who did any business for 
another. ShaJcspeare. 
To ATTORNEY, at-tur'-ne. v. a. To perform by 

proxy. Shak. To emplo}' as a proxy. Slia/c. 
ATTORNEYSHIP, at-t&r'-ne-shlp. n. s. The office 

of an attornev. Shakspeare. 
ATTOURNMENT, at-turn'-m^nt. n. s. A yielding 

of the tenant to a new lord. Cowel. 
To ATTRACT §, at-trakt'. v. a. [attralio, attraction, 

Lat.] To draw to. Brown. To allure. Milton. 
ATTRA'CT, at-trakt'. n.s. Attraction. Hudibras. 

Ob. J. 
ATTRACTABFLITY*, at-trakt-a-bil'-e-te. n. s. 

Having the power of attraction. Sir W. Jones. 
ATTRA'CTICAL, at-trak'-te-kal. a. Having the 

power to draw to it. Ray. 
ATTRA CTINGLY*, at-trakt'-ing-le. ad. In an at- 
tracting manner. 
ATTRACTION, at-trak'-shfln. n. s. The power of 

drawing. Bacon. Or of alluring. Sluxkspeare. 
ATTRACTIVE, at-trak'-liv. 158. a. Having the 

power to draw. Milton. Inviting. Slwkspeare. 
ATTRACTIVE, at-trak'-tiv. n. s. That which 

draws or incites. Lord Herbert. 
ATTRACTIVELY, at-trak'-tlv-le. ad. With the 

power of attracting. 
ATTRACTIVENESS, at-trak'-tlv-nes. n. s. Being 

attractive. History of the Royal Society. 
ATTRACTOR, at-trak'-t&r. 98. n. s. A drawer. 

Browne. 
A'TTRAHENT, at'-tra-hent. 503. n. s. That which 

draws. Glanville. 
To ATTRA'P* at-trap'. v. a. [trappatura, low Lat.] 
To clothe ; to dress. Barret. 
15 



ATTRECT A'TION, at-trek-ta'-shfin. n. s. \aUrccta- 

tio, Lat.l Frequent handling. Diet. 
ATTRIBUTABLE, at-trib'-u-ta-hl. a. Ascriboble } 

imputable. Hale. 
To ATTRIBUTE $, at-trf b'-Aie. 4V2. 1. a. [**nbuo, 
Lat.] To ascribe. Hooker. To impute. Spenser. 
ATTRIBUTE, at'-tre-bute. 492. n. s. The thing 
attributed to another. Raleigh. Quality. Bacon. 
A thing belonging to another. Shak. Reputation. 
Shakspeare. 
ATTRIBUTION, at-tre-bu'-shfln. n. s. Commen- 
dation ; qualities ascribed. Shakspeare. 
ATTRIBUTIVE* at-trib'-u-t?v. a. That which at- 
tributes. Shakspeare. 
ATTRIBUTIVE*, at-trib'-ii-tfv. n. s. The thing 

attributed. Harris*. 
ATTRI'TE$, at-trlte'. a. [attritus, Lat.l Ground. 

Milton. [With divines.] Sorry. Abp. Usher. 
ATTRFTENESS, at-trlte'-nes. n. s. The being 

much worn. 
ATTRFTION, at-trish'-fin. 507. n. s. [atlrilio, Lat.] 
The act of wearing, by rubbing. Woodward. The 
state of being worn. Grief for sin, arising only 
from fear; trie lowest degree of repentance. Wat- 
lis. 
To ATTU'NE, at-tune'. v. a. To make any thing 

musical. Milton. To tune. Harris. 
ATWA'IN*, a-twane'. ad. [Sax.] In twain; asun- 
der. Shakspeare. 
ATWE'EN, a-tween'. ad. or prep. Between. Spen- 
ser. Ob. J. 
ATWI'XT, a-twikst'. prep. Betwixt. Spenser 

Ob. J. 
AT WO'*, a-t56'. ad. [on tpa, Sax.] Into two 

Chaucer. 
A'UBURN, aw'-burn. a. Brown ; of a tan colour 

Shakspeare. 
A'UCTION§, awk'-shun. n.s. [audio, Lai.] A man- 
ner of sale in which one person bids after an- 
other. Student, ii. The things sold by auction 
Pope. 
To A'UCTION, awk'-shun. v. a. To sell by auc- 
tion. 
A'UCTIONARY, awk -shftn-a-re. a. Belonging to 

an auction. Dryden. 
AUCTIONEER, awk-shun-eer'. 275. n. s. The per 

son that manages an auction. Student, ii. 
A'UCTIVE, awk'-tlv. 158. a. Of an increasing qua!' 

ity. Diet. 
AUCUP A'TION, aw-ku-pa'-shun. n. s. [aucuputio, 

Lat.] Fowling; bird-catching. Did. 
AUDA'CIOUS§, aw-da'-shus. 292. a. [audax Let.] 
Bold ; impudent. Shak. That which makes bold. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. Spirited. B. Jonson. 
AUDA'CIOUSLY, aw-da'-shus-ie. ad. Boldly; im- 

pudentlv. Shakspeare. 
AUDACIOUSNESS, aw-di-'-shSs-nes. n. s. Impu- 
dence. Sir E. Sayidijs. 
AUDA'CITY, aw-das'-e-te. 511. n.s. Spirit; bold- 
ness. Shakspeare. 
A'UDIBLE?, aw'-de-bl. 405. a. [audibilis, Lat.] 
That which may be heard. Bacon. Loud enough 
to be heard. Bacon. 
A'UDIBLE*, aw'-de-bl. n.s. The object of hearing. 

More. 
A'UDIBLENESS, aw'-de-bl-nes. n. s. Capablenoss 

of being heard. 
A'UDIBLY. aw'-dc-ble. ad. So as to be heard. 

Milton. 
A'UDIENCE, aw'-je-ense. 293, 29*. n. s. The act 
of hearing. Shak. A hearing. Hooker. An au- 
ditory. Milton. The reception of any man whe 
delivers a solemn message. Dryden. 
A'UDIENCE-CHAMBER*, aw'-je-ense-tshame'- 
bur. n. s. The place of reception for a solemn 
meeting. Translation of Boccaiini. 
A'UDlEriCE-Court, aw'-je-ense-kArte. A court 
belonging to the archbishop of Canterbury, ot 
equal authority with the arches court, tl ough infe 
riour both in dignity and antiquity. Burn, Eccl, 
Laic. 
A'UDIENT*, aw'-je-ent, n. s. A hearer. Shelim. 



AUL 



AUT 



fCT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



A UDIT, aw'-dlt. n. s. A final account. Hooker. 

To A'UDIT, aw'-dlt. v. a. To take an account final- 
ly. Ayliffe. 

To A'UDIT, aw'-dlt. v. n. To sum up. Arbuthnot. 

A UDIT-HOUSE*, aw'-d?t-h6use. n. s. An append 
ance to most cathedrals, for the transaction of af 
fairs belonging to them. Sir G. Wlieler. 

AUDITION, aw-dfsh'-un. 507. n. s. Hearing. 

AUDITIVE*, aw'-de-tlv. a. Having the power of 
hearing. Cotgrave. 

A'UDITOR, aw'-de-tur. 98, 503, (b.) n.s. A hearer. 
Sidney. A person employed to take an account. 
Shakspeare. 

A'UDITORSHIP*, aw'-de-t&r-shfp. n. s. The of- 
fice of auditor. Johnson. 

A'UDITORY, aw'-de-t&r-re. 557. a. That which 
has the power of hearing. Newton. 

A'UDITORY, avv'-de-tur-re. n. s. An audience. 
South. Aplace where lectures are heard. Warton. 

A'UDITRESS, aw'-de-tres. n. s. The woman that 
hears. Milton. 

AUF, awf. if. s. [alf Dutch.] A foo., or silly fellow. 
Burton. 

A'UGER, aw'-gur. 98, 166. n. s. [egger, Dutch.] A 
tool to bore holes with. Moxon. 

AUGHT, awl. 393. -pronoun, [auhfc, apihfc, Sax.] 
Any thing. Shakspeare. 

To AUGMENTS, awg-ment'.r.a. [augmenier, Fr.] 
To increase. Fairfax. 

To AUGMENT, awg-ment'. r. n. To grow bigger. 
Sidney. 

AUGMENT, awg'-mem. 492. n. s. Increase. Wal- 
ton. State of increase. 

AUGMENTATION, awg-men-ta'-sh&n. n. s. The 
act of increasing. Addison. The state of being 
made bigger. Bentley. The thing added to make 
bigger. Hooker. [In heraldry.] An especial mark 
of honour, borne either as an escutcheon, or a can- 
ton. 

AUGMENTATION Court. A court erected by 
king Henry the Eighth, for the increase of the 
revenues of his crown, by the suppression of mon- 
asteries. Warton. 

AUGMENTATIVE* awg-men'-ta-tiv. a. Having 
the quality of augmenting. Instructions for Ora- 
tory. 

AUGMENTER*, awg-ment'-ur. n. s. He who en- 
larges. Johnson. 

A'UGRE. n. s. See Auger. 

A'UGRE-HOLE, aw'-gur-h6le. n. s. A hole made 
by an augre. Shakspeare. 

A'UGUR$, aw'-gur. 98, 166. n. s. [augur, Lat.] 
One who pretends to predict by omens. SlwJcspeare. 
To A'UGUR. aw'-gur. v. n. To guess ; to conjec- 
ture by signs. Shakspeare. 
To A'UGUR, aw'-g&r. v. a. To foretell. B. Jcnson. 
To A'UGURATE, aw'-gu-rate. 91. r. n. To judge 

The prac- 



by augury. Warburton.. 

TTniTR A/TI 



AUGUR ACTION, aw-gu-ra'-shfin. n 

tice of augury. Brown. 
A'UGURER, aw'-gur-ur. 555. n. s. An augur. 

Shakspeare. 
AUGU'RIAL, aw-gu'-re-al. a. Relating to augury. 

Browne. 
To A'UGURISE, aw'-gttr-lze. v. n. To practise 

augurv. Did. 
A'UGUROUS, aw'-g&r-us. a. Predicting. Oiapman. 
A'UGURY, aw'-gu-re. 179. n. s. Prognosticating by 

omens. Slmk. An omen or prediction. Dryden. 
A'UGUST, aw'-g5st. n. s. [Augustus, Lat.] 
The eighth month from January inclusive, dedi- 
cated to the honour of Augustus Caesar. Peacham. 
AUGU'ST^aw-gusl'. 494. a. Great; grand; awful. 

Glanvilte. 
AUGU'STNESS, aw-g&st'-nes. n. s. Elevation of 

look; dignity. 
AUK*, awk. n. s. [autka, Isl.] A sea bird. Pennant. 
AUKWARD. See Awkward. 
AULA'RIAN*, aw-la'-re-an. n. s. [aula, Lat.] The 
member of a hall ; and so called at Oxford, by way 
of distinction from collegians. Life of A. Wood. 
AULD,awld.a. [alb, Sax.] Old. Sfuxkspeare. Ob. J. 



AULETICK, aw-let'-Ik. 508. a. [av\b s , Gr.] Be- 
longing to pipes. Diet. 
A'ULICK, aw'-llk. a. [aulicus, Lat.] Belonging to 

the court. 
AULN, awn. n. s. [aulne, Fr.] A French measure 

of length ; an ell. 
ToAUMA'IL, aw-male'. v. a. [maille, Fr.] To 

variegate ; to figure. See Amelled. Spenser. 
AU'MBRY. See Ambry. 
AUNT, Int. 214. n. s. [ante, old Fr.] A father or 

mother's sister. Shakspeare. 
A'UNTER*,^. s. Old word for Adventure. 
A'URATE, aw'-rale. n.s. A sort of pear. 
A'UREAT*, aw'-re-at. a. [auratus, Lat.] Golden. 

Skelion. Ob. T. 
AURE'LIA, aw-re'-le-a. n. s. [Lat.] The first appa- 
rent change of the maggot of insects. Chambers. 
A'URICLE§, aw'-re-kl. 405. ?i.s. [auricula, Lat.] 
The external ear. Two appendages of the heart, 
resembling the external ear. Chambers. 
AURFCULA, aw-rlk'-u-la. n. s. A flower. Thom- 
son. 
AURFCULAR, aw-rlk'-u-lar. a. Within the sense of 
hearing. Slutkspeare. Secret ; as, auricular confes- 
sion. Communion Service in King Edward VL's 
time. Traditional. Bacon. 
AURFCULARLY, aw-rlk'-u-lar-le. ad. In a secret 

manner. Decay of Piety. 
AURFFEROUS/aw-rif-fe-rus. a. [aurifer, Lat.] 

That which produces gold. Thomson. 
AURIGATION, aw-re-ga'-shun. n. s. [auriga, Lat.] 

The practice of driving carriages. Diet. 
AURFPIGMENTUM. See Orpiment. 
AU'RIST*, aw'-rlst. n. s. [auris, Lat.] One who pro- 
fesses to cure disorders in the ear. Ash's Diet 
AURO'RA, aw-nV-ra. 545. n. s. [Lat.] A species 
of crowfoot. The goddess that opens the gates of 
day; poetically, the morning. Thomson. 
AURO'RA Borealis, aw-ro'-ra^-re-a'-lls. [Lat.] 

Light streaming in the night from the north. 
A' TJRUM Fulminans, aw-rum-fuF-me-nanz. [Lat.] 
A preparation made by dissolving gold in aqua re- 
gia, and precipitating it with salt ot tartar ; whence 
a very small quantity of it becomes capable of giv- 
ing a report like that of a pistol. Quincy. 
AUSCULTATION, aws-kul-uV-shun. n. s. [aus- 

culto, Lat.J Listening to. Hickcs. 
To A'USPICATE*,aw'-spe-kate. v. a. To foreshow 

B. Jonson. To begin a business. Burke. 
A'USPICE§, aw'-spk 140, 142. n. s. [auspicium. 
Lat.] Omens drawn from birds. Bp. Story. Pro- 
tection. B. Jonson. Influence. B. Jonson. 
AUSPFCIAL, aw-spish'-al. 292. a. Relating to prog- 

nosticks. 
AUSPICIOUS, aw-sp?sh'-us. 292. a. Having omens 
of success. Sprat. Prosperous. Dryden. Favour- 
able ; propitious. SJiak. Lucky ; happy. Shak. 
AUSPFCIOUSLY, aw-splsh'-us-le. ad. Prosperous- 
ly. Middkton. 
AUSPFCIOUSNESS, aw-splsh'-iis-nes. n. s. Pros- 
perity. 
AUSTE'RE$, aw-stere'. a. [austerus, Lat.] Severe; 

harsh. Rogers. Sour of taste. Blackmore. 
AUSTE'RELY, aw-stere'-le. ad. Rigidly. Shak. 
AUSTE'RENESS, aw-stere'-nes. n. s. Severity. 

Shakspeare. 
AUSTE'RITY, aw-ster'-e-te. 511. n. s. Severity ; 

mortified life. B. Jonson. Cruelty. Roscommon. 
A'USTRAL§, aws'-tral. a. Southern. 
!FoA'USTRALIZE,aw'-stral-lze. v.n. [auster, Lat.] 

To tend towards the south. Brown. 
A'USTRINE, W-trin. 140. a. Southern. 
AUTHENTICAL, aw-^en'-te-kal. 509. a. Not fic- 
titious. Hale. 
AUTHENTICALLY, aw-^en'-te-kal-le. ad. Af- 
ter an authentick manner. Browne. 
AUTHENTICALNESS, aw-tfien'-te-kakies. n.s 

Genuineness. Barrow. 
To AUTHENTICATE*, aw-tfien'-te-k&e. 91. v. a. 

To prove by authority. Warton. 
AUTHENTICITY, aw-tfen-uV-se-te. n. s. Au 
thority. 

114 



AUTHE'NTICK$, aw-*/ien'-tik. a. [cadhentfeus, 

Lat.] Genuine; having authority' Milton. 
AUTHE'NTICKLY, aw-^n'-nk-lc. ad. After an 

authentick manner. Bp. Bartow. 
AUTHEM'ICKNUSS, aw-f/«en'-uk-nes. n.s. Au- 

tlienticitv. Stilliwztlect. 
AUTHOR $. a\v'->?»&r. 98,418. n.s. [auctor. Lat.] 
The first beginner or mover. Honker. The etlicient. 
Shakspeare. The first writer of any thing-. Dryden. 
A writer in general. Shakspeare. 
To AUTHOR*, k'-(/i6r. v. a. To occasion ; to 

etl'ect. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
A ITHORESS*. aw'-tft&r-es. n.s. A female effi- 
cient; a female author. Sir R. Fanshawe. 
AUTHORITATIVE, aw-rtor'-e-ta-tiv. a. Having | 
due authority. Pearson. Having an air of au- 
thoritv. Wottm. 
AUTHORITATIVELY, aw-tf^r'-e-ta-uVle. ad. 
In an authoritative manner. Leslie. With due au- 
thoritv. Kilt. 
AUTHO'RITATIVENESS, aw-//t&r'-e-ta-uv-nes. 

n. 5. An acting by authority. Diet. 
AUTHORITY, aw-tfidr'-e-te. n.s. [auctoritas, Lat J 
Legal power. Shakspeare. Influence. Temple. Pow- 
er; rule. Shakspeare. Support. B. Jonson. Testi- 
mony. Sidney. Credibility. Hooker. 
5^p This word is sometimes pronounced as if written oit- 
toritii. This affected pronunciation is traced to a gen- 
tleman, who was one of the greatest ornaments of the 
law, as well as one of the politest scholars of the age, 
and whose authority has been sufficient to sway the 
bencli and the bar, though author, authentick, theatre, 
theory, &c. and a thousand similar words where the th 
is heard, are constantly staring them in the face. 
The publick ear, however, is not so far vitiated as to ac- 
knowledge this innovation; for, though it may, with se- 
curity, and even approbation, be pronounced in West- 
minster Hall, it would not be quite so safe for an actor 
to adopt it on the stage. 
I know it will he said, that autoritas is better Latin, 
that the purer Latin never had the h ; and that our 
word, which is derived from it, ought, on that account, 
to omit it. But it may be observed, that, according to 
the best Latin criticks, the word ought to be written 
auctoritas, and that, according to this reasoning, we 
ought to write and pronounce auctority and auctor : but 
this, I presume, is farther than these innovators would 
choose to go. The truth is, such singularities of pro- 
nunciation should be left to the lower order of criticks ; 
who, like coxcombs in dress, would be utterly unnoticed 
if they were not distinguished by petty deviations from 
the rest of the world. IV. 
AUTHORIZATION, aw-tfto-re-za'-shfin. n.s. Es- 
tablishment by authoritv. Hale. 
To AUTHORIZE. aw'-tf(6-rlze. v. a. To give au- 
thority. Sidney. To make legal. Dryden. To es- 
tablish by authority. Hooker. To justify. Locke. 
To give credit. Brown. 
A'UTHORLESS*, aw'-*fcur-les. a. Without author- 
itv. Sir E. Sackrille. 
AUTHORSHIP*, aw'-^ur-shtp. n. s. The quality 

of being an author. Shaftesbury. 
AUTOCRASY$, aw-tok'-ra-se. 518. n. s. [dvroKoa- 

Tcia.] Independent power. South. 
AUTOCRATICAL*, aw-to-krat'-e-kal. ) 

AUTOCRATO'RICAL* aw-to-kra-uV-e-kal. $ a - 

Absolutely supreme. Pearson. 
AUTOGRAPHS, aw'-to-graf. n.s. [autographe, Fr. .] 

The original hand-writing of a person. Warton. 
AUTOGRAPHAL*, aw-tdg'-ra-fal. a. Of the par- 
ticular hand-writing of a person. 
AUTOGR A'PHICAL, aw-to-graf-e-kal. a. Of one's 

own writing. 
AUTOGRAPHY*, aw-tog'-ra-fe. n. s. A person's 

own writing; in opposition to a copy. 
AUTOMATICAL, aw-t6-mai'-e-kal a. Belonging 

to an automaton. 
AUTOMATON, aw-tcm'-a-t6n. n.s. [avTdparov, 
Gr.] A machine that hath the power of motion with- 
in itself. Quincy. 
AUTO'MATOUS, aw-uW-a-tus. a. Having in itself 

the power of motion. Brown. 
AUTONOMY, aw-t6n'-n6-me. 518. n. s. [bvrovouia, 
Gr.] The living according to one's mind and pre- 
scription. Diet. 



AUTOPSY $, fcw'-idp-se. n.s. [Avro^la, Gr.] Ocu- 
lar demonstration. Quincy. 
AUTOPTICAL, aw-t&p'-te-kal. a. Perceived bj 

one's own eyes. 
AUTOPTICALLY, aw-t6p'-te-kal-le. ad. By means 

of one's own eyes. Brown. 
AUTOSCHED1ASTICAL*, aw'-t6s-ked-e-as'-te- 
kal. a. [avroi and a^cSiaartKos, Gr.] Hasty ; slight. 
Dean Martin. 
A'UTUMN§, aw'-tfim. 411. n.s. [autumnus, Lat.] 
The season of the year between summer and win- 
ter, popularly comprising August, September, and 
October. Shakspeare. 
AUTU'MNAL, aw-uW-nal. a. Belonging to autumn. 

Donne. 
AUTU'MNITY*, uw-tum'-ne-te. n.s. The season of 

autumn. Bp. Hall. 
AUXE'SLS, awg-ze' sis. 478, 520. n.s. [Lat.] An 

increasing; an exornation. Smith. 
AUXI'LIAR§, awg-z'il'-yar. 478. ) a.[catdnllum,Lat.] 
AUXI'LIARY, awg-zil'-ya-re. $ Assistant. Milton. 
AUXPLIARY Verb. A verb that helps to conjugate 

other verbs. 
AUXI'LIAR, awg-zll'-var. ) n. s. Helper ; con- 
A'UXFLIARY, awg-zil'-va-re. \ federate. South. 
AUXILIA'TION.awg-zll-e-a'-sh&n. n. s. Help. Diet. 
AUXI'LIATORY*. awg-zll'-e-a-tur-e. a. Assisting. 

Sir E. Sandys. 
To AVAIL §, a-vale'. v. a. [valoir, Fr.] To profit. 

Milton. To promote. Pope. 
To AVA'IL, a-vale 7 . v. n. To be of use. Dryden. 
AVA'IL, a-vale'. n. s. Profit. Spenser. 
AVAILABLE, a-va'-la-bl. a. Profitable. Atterbury. 

Powerful. Hooker. 
AVAILABLENESS, a-va'-la-bl -nes. n. s. Power 
of promoting the end for which it is used. Hale. 
Legal force. 
AVAILABLY, a-va'-la-ble. ad. Powerfully. Le- 

gallv; validly. 
AVA'ILMENT, a-vale'-ment. n. s. Usefulness. 
To AVA'LE§, a-vale'. v. a. \avakr, Fr.] To let 

fall ; to depress. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To AVA'LE, a-vale'. v. n. To sink. Spenser. 
AVA'NT. The front of an armv. Goicer. 
AVANT-COURIER*, a-vant'-k66-reer. n. s. [Fr.] 
One who is despatched before the rest to notify 
their approach. 
AVANT-GUARD, a-vant'-gard. n. s. [Fr.] The 

van ; the first body of an army. Hay ward. 
A' VARICES, av'-a-rls. 142. n.s. C«*««*«i 

Covetousness. Shakspeare. 
AVARI'CIOUS, av-a-rish'-fis. 292 

Broome. 
AVARFCIOUSLY, av-a-rlsh'-us-le. ad. Covetously. 

Goldsmith. 
AVARI'CIOUSNESS,av-a-r]sh'-us-nes. n.s. Cov- 

elousness. 
A'VAROUS*, itv'-a-rus. a. Covetous. Gower. Ob. T. 
AVAST, ti-xn.si'.ad. Enough; stop : common among 

seamen. Gumberland. 
AVAU'NCEMENT* a-vanse'-ment. n. s. Advance- 
ment. Bale. 
To AVAU'NT §*, a-vant'. v. a. [avantare, ItaL] To 

boast. Abp. Cranmer. 
To AVAU'NT*, a-vant'. v. n. To come before ; to 

advance. Spenser. 
AVAU'NT*, a-vant'. ; } n s Boa<nill£f 

t^S^SF*' ™ i :-» nSe - i Saucer Ob T'. 
AVAU'NTRY*, a-vant' -re. ) 

AVAU'NT, a-vant'. 216. inlerj. A word of abhorrence, 

bv which any one is driven away. Shakspeare. 
A'VE*,k f -ve.n.s. [are, Lat.] The first part of the 

salutation, used by the Romanists, to the Virgin 

Mary ; an abbreviation of the Ave Maria, or Ave 

Mary. Spenser. 
To AVE'L, a-vel'. v. a. [avello, Lat.] To pull 

away. Brown. 
A'VENAGE, av'-6n-idje. 90. n. s. [arena, Lat.] A 

quantitv of oats paid as a rent. Diet. 
A'VENER* or A'VENOR*, av'-e-nur. n. s. [avay- 

nei', old Fr.] An officer of the stable. Birch's Life 

of Henry. 

115 



. [oLvamtia, Lat.] 
. a. Covetous. 



ATO 



AWA 



0= 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;- 



To AVE'NGE§, a-venje'. v. a. [vender, Fr.] To 

revenge. IsaioJi. To punish. Dryden. 
AVE'NGE* a-venje'./i.s. Revenge. Spenser. Ob. T. 
AVE'NGEANCE, a-ven'-janse. 244. n. s. Punish- 
ment. Philips. 
AVE'NGEMENT, a-venje'-ment. n. s. Vengeance. 

Spenser. 
AVE'NGER, a-ven'-jur. n. s. Punisher. 1 Tims. 

Revenger. Dryden. 
AVE'NGERESS, a-ven'jcir-eY n. s. A female 

avenger. Spenser. Ob. J. 
A'YEiYS, av'-enz. n. s. Herb bennet. Miller- . 
AVE'NTURE, a-ven'-tshure. 461. n. s. [aveniure, 
Fr.] A mischance, causing a man's death, without 
felony. Cowel. 
A'VENUE,av'-e-nu. 335,503. [See Revenue.] n 
[avenue, Fr.] A way by which an}' place may be 
entered. Clarendon. An alley of trees before a 
house. 
To AVE R§, a-veV. v. a. [averer, Fr.] To declare 

positively. Prior. 
A VERAGE, av'-fir-aje. 90, 555. n. s. [averagium, 
Lat.] That duty which the tenant is to pay to the 
king, or other lord, by his beasts and carriages. 
Chambers. A certain contribution that merchants 
make towards the losses of such as have their 
goods cast overboard in a tempest. Cowel. A 
small duty paid to the master of a ship for his care 
oi goods, over and above the freight. CJiambers. 
A medium ; a mean proportion. 
To AVERAGE*, av'-ur-aje. v. a. To fix an aver- 
age price. 
AVE'RMENT, a-veV-ment. n. s. Establishment by 
evidence. Bacon. An offer cf the defendant to 
justify an exception, and the act as well as the 
offer.' Blount. Affirmation. Bp. Nicolson. 
AVE'RNAT, a-veV-nat. n. s. A sort of grape. 
A VERPENNY* av'-ur-pen-ne. n. s. Money paid 
towards the king's carriages by land, instead of 
service bv the beasts in kind. Burn. 
A VERRUNCA'TION, iiv-ur-run-ka'-shun. n. s. The 

act of rooting up anv thing. Robinson. 
To AVERRU'NCATE §, av-eY-rfing'-kate. 91, 408. 

r. a. [averrurwo, Lat.] To root up. Hudibras. 
AVERS A'TION, av-e>-sa'-shun. n. s. Hatred; ab- 
horrence. South. 
AVE'RSE §, a-v£rse'. a. [aversus, Lat.] Malign ; 
not favourable. Dryden. Not pleased with. Prior. 
AVE'RSELY, a-verse'-le. ad. Unwillingly. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. Backwardlv. Brown. 
AVE'RSENESS, a-vgrse'-ne\s. n.s. Unwillingness. 

Herbert. 
AVERSION, a-ver'-shun. n. s. Hatred ; dislike. 
Milton. The cause of aversion. Arbuthnot. Sim- 
ply, conversion or change. Bp. Morton. 
To AVE'RT§, a-vert'. r. a. [averto, Lat.] To turn 
aside. Shakspeare. To cause to dislike. Hooker. 
To put by. Hooker. 
To AVE'RT*, a-vert'. v. n. To turn away. Thom- 
son. 
AVE'RTER*, a-v&t'-fir. n. s. That which averts. 

Burton. 
AVIARY, a'-ve-ii-re. 50J. n. s. [avis, Lat.] A 

place enclosed to keep birds in. Wotton. 
AVI'DIOUSLY* a-vld'-e-us-le. ad. [avidus, Lat.] 

Eaperlv; greedily. Bale. Ob. T. 
WTDITY, a-v'fd'-e-te. n. s. Greediness. Fother- 

by. 
To AVI'LE'^a-vlle'. v. a. [aviler,Fv.] To depre- 
ciate. B. Jonson. 
To AVI'SE*, a-vize'. v.n, [airiser, Fr.] To consider. 

See To Avize. Spenser. Ob. T. 
AVFSE*, a- vise 7 . ) n. s. [am, Fr.] Advice; in- 
AVFSQ*, a-vl'-s6. ) telligence. B. Jonson. 
AVI'SEMENT*. a-vlze'-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Advise- 
ment. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
ATITOUS, av'-e-tas. 503, 314. a. [aviius, Lat.] 

Ancient. Diet. 
To AVFZE, a-vlze'. «. a. To counsel. Spenser. To 
bethink himself. Spenser. To consider. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 
A VOCA'DO. av-6-ka/-d6. [See Lumbago.] n. s. \ 



[Span.] The name of a tree in the Spanish West 
Indies. Miller. 
To A'VOCATE$, av'-vd-kate. 91. v. a. [avoco, 

Lat.] To call off. Lord Herbert. 
AVOCA'TION, av-v6-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of 
calling aside. Glanville. The business that calls. 
Hale. 
A VOCATIVE* av-vok'-ka-tlv. n. s. That which 

calls off from; dehortation ; dissuasion. 
To AVOID §, a-v6id'. 299. v. a. [vuider, Fr.] To 
shun. Tillotson. To escape. To endeavour to 
shun. Sluik. To evacuate. Shak. To emit. 
Brown. To oppose. Bacon. To vacate ; to au 
nul. Spenser. 
To AVO'ID§.a-vdld'. v. n. To retire. 1 Sara. To 

become void. Ayliffe. 
AVOIDABLE, a-v51d'-a-bl. a. That which may be 
avoided. Boyle. Liable to be vacated. Judgt 
Hale. 
AVOIDANCE, a-vSfd'-anse. n. s. The act of avoid- 
ing. Bp. Hail. The course by which any thing is 
carried off. Bacon. The act of becoming vacant. 
Burn. The act of annulling. 
AVOIDER, a-v6ld'-er. 98. n. s. The person that 
avoids or carries any thing away. Beaum. and FY. 
AVOIDLESS, a-vdidMes. a. Inevitable. Druden. 
AVOIRDUPOIS, av-eY-du- P 6iz'. 302. n. s. [avoir 
du poids, Fr] A kind of weight, of which a pound 
contains sixteen ounces, and is in proportion to a 
pound Trov. as seventeen to fourteen. Chambers. 
To AVO'KE* a-voke'. v. a. [avoco, Lat.] To cali 

back. Ccckeram. Ob. T. 
AVOLA'TION, av-o-la'-shun. n.s. [avolo, Lat.] 

Flight ; escape. Glanville. 
ToAVOTJCHS.a-voutsh'. v. a. [avouer, Fr.] To 
affirm. Hooker. To produce in favour of. Spenser. 
To vindicate. Shakspeare. 
AVO'UCH, a-v6utsh'. 313. n.s. Declaration; testi- 
mony. Shakspeare. 
AVOUCHABLE, a-v6utsh/-a-bl. a. What may be 

avouched. Sherwood. 
A VOUCHER, a-vofitsh'-er. n.s. He that avouches. 
AVO'UCHMENT*, a-v6utsh'-ment. n.s. Declara 

tion. Shakspeare. 
To AVOW §, a-v6u'. v. a. [avorter, Fr.] To declare 

with confidence. Spenser. 
AVOW*. a-v6u'. n.s. Determination; vow. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
AVOW ABLE, a-v6u'-a-bl. a. That which may be 

openly declared. Donne. 
AVO'WAL, a-v6u'-al. n. s. Open declaration. Hume. 
AVOWEDLY, a-vSu'-gd-le. 364. ad. In an open 

manner. Clarendon. 
AVOWE'E, av-du-e'. n. s. He to whom the right of 

advowsonofany church belongs. Diet. 
AVOWER, a-vfift'-fir. 98. n. s. He that avows or 

justifies. Drydeii. 
AVO'WRY, a-voiV-re. n. s. In law, is where one 
takes a distress for rent, and the other sues replevin. 
Chambers. 
AVO / \VSAL,a-vou / -zal.442.n.s. A confession. Did. 
AVOWTRY, a-voiV-tre. n. s. See Advowtry. 
AVU'LSED*. a-vulst'. part. a. [avulsus, Lat.] Pluck 

ed away. Shenstone. 
AVU'LSfON, a-vul'-shun. n. s. The act of pulling 

from. Philips. 
To AW ATT §, a-wate'. v. a. To expect. Fairfax 

To attend. Milton. 
AW ATT, a-wate'. n. s. Ambush. Spenser. 
To AWA'KE $, a-wake'. v. a. [apacian, Sax.] To 
rouse out of sleep. Shakspeare. To raise from any 
state resembling sleep. Dryden. To put into new 
action. Spenser. 
To AWA'KE, a-wake ; . v. n. To break from sleep. 

Sluifopeure. 
AWA'KE, a-wake'. a. Not being asleep. Bacon. 
To AWA'KEN, a-wa'-kn. 103. v. a. and v.n. The 

same with awake. Hickes, 
AWA'KENER*, a-wa'-kn- ur. n. s. That which 

awakens. Stillingjleet. 
AWA'KENING*, a-wa'-loi-ing. n. $. Th« act of 
awaking. Bp. Berkeley. 
116 



A\VN 



AZY 



— n6 ; move,. nor, ndt ;— tube, tab, bull ;— oil ;— pflflnd ;—th\a, this. 



5Tfl AWARDS, a-ward'. v. a. [awarder , old FY.] To 

adj udge . Sli a kspeare . 
To AWARD, a-ward'. v.ji. To judge. Pope. 

AW A RD, a-ward 7 . n. 5. Judgement} determination. 
Drtfden. 

AW A RDER*, a-ward -dr. n. s. A judge. Tlwmson. 

AWA RE$i ii-ware'. at/. Excited to caution. Sidney. 
To AWARE, a-ware'. v.?i. To beware. Par. Lost. 
To AWA'RN*, a-warn'. v. a. To caution. Sjjenscr. 

AWA'Y$, a-wa'. ad. [ape£, Sax.] In a stale of 
absence. B. Jonsoii. From any place or person. 
Shakspeare. Let us go. Shakspeare. Begone. 
Sluikspeare. Out of one's own hands. Tillotson. 
On the way. Endure. Sliakspeare. Away with. 
Throw away. Sfc Luke. 

AWA YWARD*. a-wa -ward. arf. [ape^ peajib, 
Sax.] Turned aside. Goner. 

AWE }, aw. 72.^. [e£e, o£a, Sax.] Reverential fear. 
Spenser. 

To AWE. aw. v. a. To strike with reverence, or 
fear. Bacon. 

IWE'ARY* a-we'-re. a. Weary; tired. Shakspeare. 

AWE-BAND, aw-band. n.s. A check. Did. 

AWE-COMMANDING*, aw'-kom-maud'-'ing. a. 
Striking with awe. Gray. 

AWE-STRUCK*, aw'-sirtik. port. a. Impressed 
with awe. Milton. 

AWFUL, aw -till. 173,406. a. That which strikes 
with awe. Milton. Worshipful. Sliakspeare. Struck 
with awe. Shaksveare. 

A'WFULLY, aw'-ful-le. ad. In a reverential man- 
ner. South. Striking with awe. Dnjden. 

AWFUL-EYED* aw'-ful-lde. a. Having eyes ex- 
citing awe. More. 

A'WFULNESS, aw'-ful-n6s. n.s. Solemnity. Addi- 
son. The state of being struck with awe. Taylor. 

To AWHA'PE, a-hwape'. v. a. To strike; to con- 
found. S]je7iser. 

AWHE'ELS* a-hweelz'. ad. On wheels. B. Jensen. 

AWHI / LE,a-hwile , .397.ad. Sometime. Shakspeare. 

A WHIT*, a-hwu'.ac/!. [apijifc. Sax.] A jot; a tittle. 
Bp. Hall. 

A"WK§, awk. a. [auk, Goth.] Odd; out of order. 
L Estrange. 

AWKWARD, awk'-wurd. 475. a. [old adj. awk, 
with the Sax. peap.b.] Inelegant ; impolite. Sliak. 
Unhandy; elums}-. Dn/den. Perverse. Shakspeare. 

A'WKWARDLY, awk'-wurd-le. ad. Clumsily. 
Sidney. 

AWKWARDNESS, awk'-word-nik n.s. Inele- 
gance. Addison. 

AWL, all. n. s. [aal. Goth.] An instrument to bore 
holes. Hooker. 

A'WLESS. aw'-le's. a. Wanting reverence, or the 
power of causing reverence. Shakspeare. 

AWME. or AUMEj awm. n. s. A Dutch measure, 
answering to one-seventh of an English ton. Ar- 
bidhnot. 

AWN, awn. n. s. [aliana, Goth.] The beard of the 
corn or e^ass. 

A WNTNG, aw'-nmg. 410. n. s. A cover spread over j 
a boat, or any place without a roof. Sir T. Her- j 
bert. A covering to defend from the rays of the 
sun. Sicinbume. I 



AWO'KE, a-w6ke'. The preterite from awake. 
Judges, xvi. 

AWO'RK, a-work'. 1G5. ad. On work. Sliakspeare. 

AWO'RKING, a-work'-mg. a. The state of work- 
ing. Hubbard's Tale. 

AWRY', a-rr . 474. ad. [pjiiSan, Sax.] Not in a 
straight direction. Spejiser. Asquint. Denham. 
Not in the right direction. Brereicood. Unevenly. 
Pope. Perversely. Sidneij. 

AXE, aks. n. s. [eax, aq-e, Sax.] An instrument 
consisting of a metal head, with a sharp edge, fixed 
in a handle. Shakspeare. 

A'XHEAD*, aks'-h^d. n. s. The head of the axe. 
2 Kings, vi. 

AXILLA, ag-zil'-la. n. s. [Lat.] The arm-pit. 
Quincy. 

AXI'LLAR, aks'-zll-lar. 478. ) „ 

A'XILLARY,aks'-zll-la-re. [See Maxillary.] 5 a ' 
Belonging to the arm-pit. Brown. 

A'XIOM§, ak'-shum. 479. n.s. [<i£iwf<a.] A proposi 
tion evident at first sight. Hooker. An established 
principle. Hooker. 

AXIOMA'TICAL*, aks-e-o-mat'-e-kal. a. Relating 
to an axiom. Whitlock. 

A'XIS, ak'-sis. n.s. [axis, Lat.] The line, real or ini 
aginary, that passes through any thing, on which it 
may revolve. Blackmore. 

A'XLE, ak'-sl. 405. 7 n. s. The pin which 

A'XLE-TREE, ak'-sl-tree. ) passes through the 
midst of the wheel, on which the circumvolutions 
of the wheel are performed. Sliakspeare. 

AY, ae. 105. ad. [ga and ia, Sax. yea.'] Y r es. ShaJt. 
Yes, certainly. Sliakspeare. 

QCF" S ee Directions to Foreigners, prefixed to this Dic- 
tionary, page 8. IV. 

AY ME*, irderj. [01/101. ,] A phrase, implying dejec- 
tion and sorrow; the same as ah me. Miltcrn. 

AYE, ae. ad. [apa, or rather aa, Sax.] Always. Spen. 

A'YGREEN, ae'-green. n. s. Houseleek. Diet. 

A'YRY, a'-re. n. s. [ey, Sax.] The nest of the hawk. 
Walton. 

A'ZEROLE*, az'-e-role. n. s. [azarole, Fr.] The 
three-grained medlar, or Neapolitan medlar-tree. 
Cotsrave. 

A'ZLMUTH, az'-e-mttf/i. n. s. The azimuth of the 
I sun, or of a star, is an arch between the meridian 
of the place and any given vertical line. Magneli- 
cal Azimidh is an arch of the horizon contained 
between the sun's azimuth circle and the magneli- 
cal meridian. Azimidh Compass is an instrument 
for finding the sun's magnet ick azimuth. Azimuth 
Dial is a dial whose siile is at right angles to the 
plane of the horizon. AzimiUlis, called also vertical 
circles, are great circles intersecting each other in 
the zenith and nadir, and cutting the horizon at 
right angles. Chambers. 

A'Z~URE§,a'-zhure. [azh'-ure. Jones % Perry.] 484, 
461. a. [aznr, Fr.] Blue; faint blue. Sidney. 

To A'ZURE*. <V-zhure. v. a. To colour any thing 
blue. Elyot's Diet. 

A'ZURED*. a'-zJuVd. a. Blue. Shakspeare. 

A'ZURN* a'-zhurn.a. Of a bright blue colour. MStcn. 

A'ZYME*, n. s. [azyme, Fr.] Unleavened breati 
The Translators of the Bible to the Reader. 



BAB 



BAB 



BThe second letter of the English alphabet, 
9 pronounced by pressing the whole length of 

the lips together, and forcing them open with a 

strong breath. 
BAA§, ba. 77. n. $. The cry of a sheep. Shakspeare. 
To BAA ba. v. n. [balo, Lat.] To cry like a sheep. 

Sidnei, 
To BA'BBLE6, bab'-bl. 405. v. n. [babbelen, Germ.] 

To prattle like a child. Prior. To talk idly. Ar- 

buthnot. To talk thoughtlessly. L' Estrange. To 

talk much. Sliakspeare. 
To BA'BBLE* bab'-bl. v. a. To prate. Harmar. 



BABBLE, bab'-bl. n. s. Idle talk. Shakspeare. 
BA'BBLEMENT, bab'-bl-ment.rc.s. Senseless prate. 

Milton. 
BA'BBLER, bab'-blur. 98. n. s. An idle talker Shak. 

A teller of secrets. Spenser. 
BA'BBLING* bab'-blfng. n. s. Foolish talk. 1 Tim. vi. 
BABE§, babe. n. s. [baban, Welsh.] An infant of 

either sex. Sliakspeare. 
BA^EL^*, ba'-bel. n.s [Keb.] Disorder; tumult. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BA'BERY, ba'-b5r-re. 555. n. s. Finerv to oleasi a 

babe. Sidney. 

117 



BAG 










BAD 


HT 559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, fat ; 


— me, 


met; 


—pine 


pin;— 



BA'BISH, ba'-blsh. a. Childish. Ascham. 

BA'BISHLY*, ba'-blsh-le. ad. Childishly. 

BA'BOON, ba-b6on'. n. s. [babouin, Fr.] A monkey 
of the largest kind. Sliakspeare. 

BA'BY§, ba'-be. vulgarly bab'-be. n.s. A child. 
Shak, A small image in imitation of a child. Stil- 
Ungfleet. 

BA'BY*, ba'-be. a. Like a baby; small. Sliak- 
speare. 

To BA'BY*, ba'-be. v. a. To treat one like a baby. 
Young. 

BABYHOOD*, ba'-be-hud. ) n. s. Infancy 3 child- 

BA'BYSHIP*, ba'-be-sh?p. \ hood - 

BA'BYISH*, ba'-be-ish. a. Childish. Bale. 

BABYLO'NICAL*, bab-e-lon'-e-kal. a. [from Babel 
or Babylon.'] Tumultuous; disorderly. Harring- 
ton. 

BACCATED, bak'-ka-ted. a. [baccatus, Lat.] Beset 
with pearls. Diet. 

BACCHANAL §*, bak'-ka-nal. a. [bacchanalia, 
Lat] Drunken ; revelling. Crowley. 

BACCHANAL*, bak'-ka-nal. n. s. A devotee to 
Bacchus, the god of wine. Marston. 

BACCHANALIAN, bak-ka-naMe-an. n. s. A 
drunkard. Stukeiy. 

BACCHxANA'LIAN*, bak-ka-naMe-an. a. Relating 
to revelry. A. Smith. 

BACCHANALS, bak'-ka-nalz. n. s. The drunken 
feasts of Bacchus. Shakspeare. 

BACCHUS BOLE, bak'-kus-bile. n. s. A flower. 
Mortimer. 

BACCHANT*, >bak'-kant. n.s. He who lives 

BACCHANTE*, ( like Bacchus. 

BACCHICAL*, bak'-ke-kal. ) a. Relating to the 

BACCHICK*, bak'-klk. $ feasts of Bacchus. 
Spenser. 

BACCFFEROUS, bak-slF-e-rus. 555. a. [bacca and 
few, Lat.] Berry-bearing. Ray. 

BACCPVOROUS, bak-siv'^-rus. a. Devouring 
berries. Diet. 

BACHELOR §, batsh'-e-lur. n. s. [bachilep, Sax.] 
A man unmarried. Shak. A man who takes his 
first degrees at the university. Ascliam. A knight 
of the lowest order. Hody. Applied by Ben Jon- 
son to an unmarried woman. Magnetick Lady. 

BACHELORSHIP, batsh'-e-l&r-shlp. n. s. The 
condition of a bachelor. Shak. The state of him 
who has taken his first degree at the university. 
Bp. Hall 

BACK§, bak. n. s. [bac, Sax.] The hinder part of 
the body. Dryden. The outer part of the hand. 
Donne. The outer part of the body ; that which 
requires clothes ; opposed to the belly. Locke. 
The rear. Clarendon. The place behind. Bacon. 
The part of any thing out of sight. Bacon. The 
thick part of any tool, opposed to the edge. Arbuth- 
stot. To turn the back on one; to forsake him. 
South. To turn the back ; to go away. Sir J. 
Davies. A large vessel used by brewers and dis- 
tillers ; a vat. Knight. 

BACK, bak. ad. To the place from which one came. 
Shak. Backward. Addison. Behind. Numb. xxiv. 
Towards things past. Burnet. Again ; in return. 
Shakspeare. Again ; a second time. Waller. 
To BACK, bak. 11. a. To mount on the back of a 
hwrse. Shak. To break a horse. Roscommon. To 
place upon the back. Sliak. To maintain. Shak. 
To Justify. Boyle. To second. Dryden. 
To BACKBITE, bak'-blte. v. a. To censure the 

absent Spenser. 
BACKBITER, bak'-bl-tur. «. s. A privy calumnia- 
tor. Soidli. 
BACKBITING*, bluV-bl-tlng. n. s. Secret detrac- 
tion. 2 Corinthians, xii. 
BACKBFT1NGLY* bak'-bl-t?ng-le. ad. Slander- 
ously. Ba*~>I. 
BACKBO'NE, bak'-bone. n. s. The bone of the 

back. Ray. 
BACKCARRY, bak'-kar-re. Having on the back. 

Cowel. 
BACKDG'OR. bak'-dore. n. s. The door behind the 
house 



BACKED, bakt. 359. a. Having a back. Shak. 

BACKFRIEND, bak'-frend. n. s. An enemy in se- 
cret. South. 

BACKGA'MMON.bak-gam'-mun. 166. n.s. [from 
bach ganmion, Welsh.] A game at tables with box 
and dice. Howell. 

BACKHOUSE, bak'-hduse. n. s. A building be- 
hind the chief part of the house. Carew. 

BACKPIECE, bak'-peese. n. s. The armour which 
covers the back. Camden. 

BACKRETURN* bak'-re-t&rn. n. s. Repeated re- 
turn. SJiakspeare. 

BACKROOM, bak'-rSom. n.s. A room behind. 
Moxon. 

BACKSET*, bak'-set. part. a. Set upon in the rear. 
Anderson. 

BACKSIDE, bak'-slde. n. s. The hinder part of 
any thing. Newton. The yard or ground behind a 
house. Mortimer. 

ToBACKSLFDE, [BACK'SLIDE. Todd.] bak- 
slide 7 . 497. v.n. To fall off; to apostatize. Jeremiah. 

$5= I have in this word preferred Dr. Johnson's accentua- 
tion on the seconu syllable to Mr. Sheridan's on the 
first ; for the reasons, see Principles, under the number 
marked. Dr. Ash, Entick, Scott, and Perry, are on the 
side of Mr. Sheridan ; and Dr. Johnson and W. John- 
ston only on that which I have chosen ; but Mr. Sheri- 
dan and Dr. Ash, by marking the noun backslider with 
the accent on the second syllable, as it is always heard, 
have betrayed their pronunciation of the verb ; for ono 
of these modes must be wrong, as the verbal noun must 
unquestionably have the same accent as the verb. W 

BACKSLFDER, bak-sll'-dur. 98. n. s. An apostate 
Proverbs, xiv. 

BACKSLFDING*, bak-slF-dmg. n.s. Transgres- 
sion. Jeremiafi, v. 6. 

BACKSTAFF, bak'-staf. n.s. An instrument for 
taking the sun's altitude at sea. 

BACKSTAIRS, bak'-starz. n. s. The private stairs 
in the house. Bacon. 

BACKSTAYS, bak'-staze. n. s. Ropes or stays 
which keep the masts of a ship from pitching for- 
ward or overboard. 

BACKSWORD, bak'-sord. n. s. A sword with one 
sharp edge ; also the rustick sword exercised at 
country fairs, consisting merely of a stick, with a 
basket handle. Arbuthnot. 

BACKWARD, bak'-wurd. lad. With the 

BACKWARDS, bak'-wurdz. 88. \ back forwards. 
Genesis. Towards the back. Bacon. On the back. 
Dryden. From the present station to the place be- 
yond the back. Shak. Regressively. Newton. 
Towards something past. South. Reflexively. 
Sir J. Davies. From a better to a worse state. 
Dryden. Past ; in time past. Locke. Perversely. 
Shakspeare. 

BACKWARD, bak'-wurd. a. Unwilling. Addison. 
Hesitating. Sfiak. Sluggish. Watts. Dull. South 
Late ; as, backioard fruits. 

BACKWARD, bak'-wurd. n.s. The state past. 
Shakspeare. 

To BACKWARD*, bak'-wurd. v. a. To keep back ; 
to hinder. 

BACKWARDLY, bak'-wfird-le. ad. Unwillingly. 
Sidney. Perversely. Shakspeare. 

BACKWARDNESS, bak'-wurd-ngs. n.s. Dull- 
ness. Atterhury. Tardiness. 

To BACKWOUND*, bak'-w66nd. v. a. To wound 
behind the back. Shakspeare. 

BACON, ba'-kn. 170. n.s. [bacon, old FrJ The flesh 
of a hog salted and dried. Dryden. The animal 
itself. Kyd. To save the bacon, is a phrase for 
preserving one's self from being hurt. Prior. 

BACULO'METRY, bak-u-l6m'-e-tre, n. s. [baculus, 
Lat. and fxirpov.] The art of measuring distances 
by one or more staves. Diet. 

BAD§, bad. a. [quoad, Dutch.] Ill ; not good. Pope. 
Vicious. Milton. Unfortunate. Dryden. Hurtful. 
Addison. 

BADE \ b * d ' 75, The P reterite of hid - Shakspeare. 
BADGES, badje. 74. n. s. [bafulo, Lat. to carrv.] A, 
118 ' 



BAI 



BAL 



— 116, move, nor, not ; — ti\be, tfib, bull ; — 611 ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. 



mark worn to show the relation of the wearer. 
Spenser. A token by which one is known. Fair- 
fax. The mark of any thing. Shakspeare. 
To BADGE, biidje. v. a. To mark as with a badge. 

Slunk. To mark actually with a badge. Swift. 
BA'DGELESS* badje'-les. u. Having- no badee. 

Bp.Hall. J b 

BA l>GER,bad'-jur.98.n.s. [bedour ,Fr.] An animal 

that earths in the ground. Brown. 
To BA'DGER*. bad'-jur. r. a. To confound. 
BA DGER-LEGGED, bad'-jur-leg'd. a. Having 

legs of an unequal length. L' Estrange. 
BA DGER, bad -jiir. n. *. One that buys victuals in 

one place, and carries it unto another. Coicel. 
BA1HNAGE* bad'-e-nije. )n. s. [Fr.] Light or 
BADFNER1E* ba-din'-e-re. ] playful discourse. 

Ld. Chesterfield. 
BA'DLY, bad'-le. ad. In a bad manner. SJiakspeare. 
BA/DNESS, bad'-nes. n. s. Want of good qualities. 

Shakspeare. 
7oBA'FFLE$, bafVfl. 405. v. a. [befler, Fr.] To 
elude. South. To confound. Dryden. To dis- 
grace ; to insult. Spenser. 
To BA'FFLE*, baf-fl. v. n. To practise deceit. 

Barrow. 
BA'FFLE, baf-fl. n. s. A defeat. South. 
BAFFLER, baf-flur. 98. n. s. He that puts to con- 
fusion. Government of the Tongue. 
BAG§, bag. n. s. [be\%e. Sax.] A sack, or pouch. 
Sliak. That part of animals in which some par- 
ticular juices are contained. Dryden. An orna- 
mental purse of silk tied to men's hair. Addison. 
Quantities of certain commodities ; as, a bag of 
pepper. 
To BAG, bag. v. a. To put into a bag. Dryden. 

To load with a bag. Dryden. 
To BAG. bag. t\ n. To swell like a full bag. Chaucer. 
To BAG*, bag. v. a. To swell. Bp. Hall. 
BAGATE'LLE, bag-a-tel'. n. s. [Fr.] A trifle. 

Howell. 
BA'GGAGE, bag'-g!dje. 90. n. s. [baggage, Fr.] 
The furniture oi an army. Bacon. The goods that 
are to be carried away, as has: and baggage. Mar- 
tin. A worthless woman. Sidney. A pert young 
woman 5 a flirt. Guardian. Refuse ; lumber. Bp. I 
Hooper. 
BA'GNIQ, ban'-yo. 388. n. s. [bagno, Ital] A house 
for bathing, sweating, and otherwise cleansing the 
body. ArJnUhnot. 
BA'GPIPE, bag' -pipe. n. s. A musical instrument, 

consisting of a leathern bag and pipes. Clmmbers. 
BAGPIPER, baff'-pl-pfir. 98. n. s. One that plays 

on a bagpipe. Shakspeare. 
BAGUE'TTE,b^-gh>. n. s. [Fr.] A little round 

moulding, less than an astragal. 
To BAIGNE, bane. v. a. [bagner, Fr.] To drench ; 

to soak. Carew. Ob. J. 
BAILS, bale. n. s. [bailler, Fr.] The setting at liberty 
one arrested under security taken for his appear- 
ance. Cowel. A surety. Titus Andronicus. A 
certain limit within a forest. Spenser. 
To BAIL, bale. v. a. To give bail. Titus Androni- 
cus. To admit to bail. Clarendon. 
BAILABLE, ba'-la-bl. 405. a. That may be bailed. 

B. Jonson. 
BAILIFF, bi'-llf. n. s. [baillie, Fr.] A subordinate 
officer. Addison. An officer whose business it is 
to execute arrests. Bacon. An under steward of a 
manor. 
BA'ILIWICK, baMe-wlk. n. s. The jurisdiction of 

a bailiff. Cowel. 
BA'ILMENT*, bile'-ment. n. s. The delivery of 
things 1o the bailor, or to the bailee, and sometimes 
also tp a third person. Cowel. 
BA'ILY*, bi'-le. n. s. The office or jurisdiction of a 

bailiff. Wickliffe. 
BAIN $*, bane. n. s. [bain, Fr.] A bath. HakewilL 
To BAIN*, bine. v. a. To bathe. Turbervile. 

Ob. T. 
BAIRN*, or BARN*, birn, or barn. n. s. [beann. 

Sax.] A child. 
To BAIT6, bate. v. a. [batan, Sax.] To put meat 



upon a hook to tempt fish. Shak. To give meat to 
one's self, or horses, on the road. Spenser. 
To BAITS, bite, v. a. [battre, Fr.] To attack with 
violence. Spenser. To harass by the help of 
others. 
To BAIT, bite. v. n. To stop at any place for re- 
freshment. Sidney. 
To BAIT, bite. v. n. To flap the wings ; to flutter. 

Shakspeare. 
BAIT, bite. n. s. Meat set to allure fish. Shak. A 
temptation. Spenser. A refreshment on a journey. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BAIZE, bize. n. s. A kind of coarse open cloth 

stuff. Clmmbers. 
To BAKE$, bike. v. a. [baecan, Sax.] To heat any 
thing in a close place. Isaiali. To harden in the 
fire. Bacon. To harden with heat. Philips. 
To BAKE, bike. t>. n. To do the work of baking. 

Shakspeare. To be heated or baked. Shakspeare. 
BAKE-MEATS*, bike-meets. ) n. s. Meats dress- 
BAK ED-MEATS, bik'd-meets. S ed by the oven. 

Genesis, xl. 
BAKEHOUSE, bike'-h6use. n. s. A place for bak- 
ing bread. Wotton. 
BA'KEN, bi'-k'n. The participle from to bake. 1. 

Kings. 
BA'KER, bi'-kur. 98. n. s. He whose trade is to 

bake. South. 
BA'KER-FOOT*, bi'-kur-fut. n. s. An ill-shaped 

or distorted foot. Bp. Taylor. 
BA'KER-LEGGED*, bi-kur-leg'd. a. A person is 
said to be baker-legged, who has crooked legs, or 
goes in at the knees. 
BALANCES, balManse. n. s. [balance, Fr.] One of 
the six simple powers in mechanicks. A pair of 
scales. Swift. A metaphorical balance, or the 
mind employed in comparing one thing with an- 
other. Sluik. The act of comparing two things. 
Atterbury. The overplus of weight. Bacon. That 
which is wanting to make two parts of an account 
even. Equipoise ; as, balance of power. Pope. 
The beating part of a watch. Locke. [In astrono- 
my.] The Libra. Dryden. 
To BA'LANCE, balManse. r. a. To weigh in a bal- 
ance. L'Estrange. To regulate the weight. Wal- 
ler. To counterpoise. Newton. To regulate an 
account. Locke. To pay that which will make the 
account equal. Prior. 
To BA'LANCE, balManse. v. n. To hesitate. Locke. 
BA'LANCER, bal'-lan-sur. n. s. The person that 

weighs any thing. Cotgrave. 
BALANCING*, balMans-lng. n. s. Equilibrium 5 

poise. Dr. Spenser. 
BA'LASS Ruby, hal'-as-riV-be. n.s. [balas, Fr.] A 

kind of ruby. Woodward. 
To B ALBUMINATE, bal-bu'-se-nite. ? v. n. [bal- 
BALBU'TIATE, bal-bu'-she-ate. $ butio, Lat.] 

To stammer in speaking. Diet. 
BALCO'NY, bal-kc-'-ne. n. s. [balcon, Fr.] A frame 
of iron, wood, or stone, before the window of a 
room. Herbert. 
BALDS, bawld. a. [bal, Welsh.] Wanting hair 
Jeremiah. Without natural covering. Slmk. 
Without the usual covering. Shak. Unadorned; 
inelegant. Dryden. Meanj naked. Shak. Bald 
was used by the northern nations to signify bold, 
and is still in use. Gibson. 
BA'LDACHIN, bawld'-a-tsh?n. n.s. [baldachino, 
Ital.l A canopy, supported with columns, and 
serving as a covering to an altar. Builder's Diet. 
BA'LDERDASH, bawl'-dur-dash. n. s. Any thing 

jumbled together without judgement. Nashe. 
To BA'LDERDASH, bawl'-dur-dash. v. a. To 

adulterate any liquor. The Geneva Ballad. 
BA'LDLY, bawld'-le. ad. Nakedly ; meanly. 
BA'LDMONY, bawld' -mun-ne. n. s. The same with 

gentian. 
BA'LDNESS, bawld'-nes. n.s. The want of hair. 
Bp. Taylor. The loss of hair. Swift. Meanness 
of writing ; inelegance. Warton. 
BA'LDPATE*. bawld'-pate. n. s. A head shorn of 
hair. Shakspeare. 

119 



BAL 



BAM 



O 3 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— 



BA'LDPATE* bawld'-pate. ) a. Shorn of hair. 
BALDPATED* bawkF-pa-teU \ Shakspeare. 
BALDRICK, bawl'-drik. n. s. [baudrier, Fr.] A 

girdle. Spenser. The zodiack. Spenser. 
BALE$, bale. n. s. [bale, Fr.] A bundle of goods. 

L' Estrange. A pair of dice. Overbury. 
To BALE, bale. v. n. To make up into a bale. 
To BALE, bale. t». a. To bale ; to lave out. Skin- 
ner. 
BALE, bale. n. s. [bsel, Sax.] Misery ; calamity. 

Spenser. 
BA'LEFUL, bale'-f fil. a. Full of misery. Spenser. 

Full of mischief. Spenser. 
BA'LEFULLY, bale'-ful-le. ad. Sorrowfully. 
BA'Ll-TER*. bal'-fe-tflr. n. s. [balista, Lat.] A 

cross-bow. Blount. 
BALK, bawk. 402, 84. n. s. [bale, Sax.] A great beam 

used in building. 
BALKS, bawk. n. s. A ridge of land left unploughed 
between the furrows. Homilies. A disappoint- 
ment. South. 
To BALK, bawk. 402. v. a. To disappoint. Locke. 
To leave untouched. Mede. To omit, or refuse 
any thing. Shak. To heap, as on a ridge. Shak. 
To BALK*, bawk. v. n. To turn aside. Spenser. 

To deal in cross purposes. Spenser. 
BA LKERS, baw'-kftrz. 98. n. s. Men who give a 
sign to the fishing-boats, which way the passage or 
shoal of herrings is. Cowel. 
BALL, bawl. 33, 77. n. s. [bol, Dan.] Any thing 
made in a round form. Bacon. A round thing to 
play with, either with the hand or foot, or a racket. 
Sidney. A small round thing, with some particu- 
lar mark, by which votes are given, or lots cast. 
Dryden. A globe. Granville. A globe borne as 
an ensign of sovereignty. Bacon. Any part of the 
body that approaches to roundness; as, the lower 
part of the thumb, the apple of the eye. Sliak. 
The skin spread over a hollow piece of wood, stuff- 
ed with hair or wool, which the printers dip in ink, 
to spread it on the letters. 
BALL, bawl. n. s. [pal, Fr.] An entertainment of 

dancing. Dryden. 
BA'LLAD, balMad. n.s. \balade, Fr.] A song. 

Watts. 
To BA'LLAD, balMad. v. a. To make or sing bal- 
lads. Shakspeare. 
To BA'LLAD*, bal'-lad. v. n. To write ballads. B. 

Jonson. 
BA'LLAD-MAKER*, bal'-lad-ma-kur. n.s. He 

who writes a ballad. Shakspeare. 
BA'LLAD-MONGER* balMad-mung-gur. n. s. A 

trader in ballads. Shakspeare. 
BA'LLAD-SINGER, bal'-lad-s?ng-ur. n.s. One 
whose employment is to sing ballads in the streets. 
Gay. 
BA'LLAD-STYLE*, bal'-lad-stlle. n. s. The air or 

manner of a ballad. Warton. 
BA'LLAD-TUNE*, bal'-lad-tune. n.s. The tune of 

a ballad. Warton. 
BA'LLAD-WRITER*, bal'-lad-rl-t&r. n.s. A com- 
poser of ballads. Warton.. 
BA'LLADER*, bal'-la-d&r. n.s. A maker or singer 

of ballads. Overbury. 
BA'LLADRY* balMad-re. n.s. The subject or style 

of ballads. B. Jonson. 
To BA'LLARAG* balMe-rag, or biil'-le-rag. v. a. 

To bullv '• to threaten. Warton. 
BA'LLAST, bal'-last. 88. n.s. [hallaste, Dutch.] 
Something put at the bottom of the ship to keep it 
steady. Wilkins. That which is used to make any 
th.ng steady. Hammond. 
To BA'LLAST, bal'-last. v. a. To put weight at the 
bottom of a ship, to keep her steady. Wilkins. 
To keep any thing steady. Bp. Hall. 
BA LLATED*, balMa-ieU part. a. Sung in a bal- 
lad. Webster. 
BA'LLATRY* bal'-la-tre. n. s. A jig ; a song. Mil- 
ton. 
BALLET, bal'-let. n. s. [ballete, Fr.l A dance in 

which some history is represented. Warton. 
BA'LLIARDS, bal'-ytirds. n. s. A play at which a 



ball is driven by the end of a stick ; now called 
billiards. Spenser. 
BA'LLISTER. See Baluster. 
BALLO'N, or BALLOON, bal-loon'. n. s. {ballon 
Fr.] A large, round, short-necked vessel, used in 
chymistry. A ball placed on the top of a pillar. 
A ball stuffed with combustible matter, which, when 
shot up in the air-, bursts into bright sparks of fire, 
resembling stars. A hollow vessel of silk, which is 
filled with inflammable air, and ascends with con- 
siderable weight annexed to it into the atmosphere. 
Hewyt. A game at plav. Bwton. 
BA'LLOTS, bal'-lut. 166. n. s. [ballote, Fr.] A little 
ball used in giving votes, being put privately into 
a box. The act of voting bv ballot. 
To BALLOT, bal'-lut. v. n. To choose by ballot. 

Wotton. 
BALLOT A'TION, bal-l6-ta'-shun. n. s. Voting by 

ballot. Wotton. 
BALMS, bam. 403. n.s. [baume, Fr.l The sap or 
juice of a shrub. Dryden. Any valuable or fra- 
grant ointment. SlwJc. Any thing that soothes or 
mitigates pain. Shakspeare. 
BALM, or BALM Mint. n. s. The name of a Dlant 

Miller. 
BALM of Gilead, bam ov gll'-yad. n. s. The juice 
drawn from the balsam tree. Calmet. A plant re- 
markable for the strong balsamick scent of its leaves. 
Miller. 
To BALM, bam. v. a. To anoint with balm. Shak. To 

soothe. Shakspeare. 
BA'LMY, bam'-e. 403. a. Having the qualities of 
balm. Milton. Producing balm. Pope. Soothing. 
Shak. Fragrant; odoriferous. Dryden. Mitigat- 
ing. Shakspeare. 
BA'LNEAL* bal'-ne-al. a. [balneum, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to a bath. Howell. 
BA'LNEARY, bal'-ne-a-re. n. s. A bathing-room. 

Brown. 
BALNEA'TION, bal-ne-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of 

bathing. Brown. 
BA'LNEATORY, bal'-ne-a-tfir-re. 512, 557. a. Be- 
longing to a bath. 
BA'LNEUM, bal'-ne-um. n. s. [Lat.] Used in chym- 
istry for a vessel. 
BA'LOTADE, bal'-l6-tade. n. s. The leap of a 
horse, so that, when his fore-feet are in the air, he 
shows nothing but the shoes of his hinder feet, with- 
out yerking out. Farrier's Diet. 
BA'LSAMS, bawl'-sum. 83. n. s. Ointment. Denham. 
BA'LSAM Apple, bawl -sum-ap-pl. n. s. An annual 

Indian plant. 
BALSAM 7Vee,bawl'-sum-tree. n.s. A shrub which 
scarce grows taller than the pomegranate tree, 
which produces the juice opobaisamum. Calmet. 
BALSAMA'TION*, bal-sa-ma'-shfin. n. s. That ' 
which has the qualities of balsam. Hist. Royal 
Society. 
BALSA MICAL, bal-sam'-e-kal. 84. ; a. Having the 
BALSA'MICK, bal-sam'-fk. 509. ) qualities of 

balsam. Arbuthnct. 
BALSA'MICK*,bal-samMk. n.s. That which has the 

qualities of balsam. 
BA'LSAM-SWEATING* bawl'-sum-swei-tW. 

part. a. That which yields balsam. Crushaw. 
BA'LUSTER, bal'-us-t&r. n. s. [ba/estriera, Ital.] A 
small column or pilaster placed with rails on stairs, 
and in the fronts of galleries in churches. Careic. 
BALUSTERED*, bal'-us-terd.^arf.a. Having bal- 
usters. Sir W. Soames. 
BALUSTRADE, bal-us-trade'. n. s. An assemblage 
of balusters, fixed upon a terrace, or the top of a 
building. Swinburne. 
BAM, BEAM, being initials in the name of any 
place, usually imply it to have been woody; from 
the Saxon beam. Gibson. 
BA'MBOO, bam-bSo'. n. s. An Indian plant of the 

reed kind. Sir T. Herbert. 
To BA3IBOOZLE §, bam-b6o'-zl. v. a. To deceive; 

to confound. Arbnthnot. 
BAMBO'OZLER, bam-bod'-zlfir. n. s. A tricking 
fellow. Arbuthnot. 

120 



BAN 



BAP 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pfiund ; — thin, THis. 



BAN $, bii\. n. s. [ban, Teut.] Publick notice given of 
any thing that is publickly commanded or forbid- 
den. Cowel. A curse 5 excommunication. Raleigh . 
Interdiction. Milton— Ban of the Empire ; a pub- 
lick censure by which the privileges of any Ger- 
man prince are suspended. Howell. 
To BAN, ban. v. a. To curse ; to execrate. Hooker. 
To BAN*, ban. v. n. To curse. Spenser. 
BANANA Tree, ba-naZ-nd-tree. A species of plan- 
tain. 
BAND $, band. n. s. [barul, Sax.] A tie. Shak. A 
chain by which any animal is kept in restraint, now 
usually spelt bond. Spenser. Any means of union 
or connexion. Shak. Something worn about the 
neck. JB. Jonson. Any thing bound round another. 
Bacon. Any flat, low member or moulding, called 
also fascia, lace, or plinth. A company of soldiers. 
Shak. A company of persons joined together. 
Shakspeare. 
To BAND, band. v. a. To unite together. Shak. To 
bind over with a band. Dryden. [In heraldry.] 
Any thing tied round with a band of a different 
colour from the charge, is said to be banded. To 
drive away ; to banish. Spenser. 
To BAND*, band. v. n. To associate ; to unite. 

Milton. 
BA NDAGE, ban'-dldje. 90. n. s. Something bound 
over another. Addison. The fillet or roller wrap- 
ped over a wounded member. 
BA NDBOX, band'-boks. n.s. A slight box used for 

bands and things of small weight. Addison. 
BANDELET, ban'-de-let. n. s. Any little band, flat 

moulding, or fillet. Orrery. 
BANDER* ban'-dur. n. s.'He who unites with oth- 
ers. Mirror for Magistrates. 
BANDIT, ban'-dlt. n. s. [bandito, Ital.] A man out- 
lawed. Milton. 
BANDFTTO, ban-dit'-to. n. s. [in the plural Ban- 
ditti, ban-dit'-te.] A man outlawed, or a robber, 
Shakspeare. 
BANDOG, ban'-dftg. n. s. [a corruption of band- 

dog.] A kind of large dog. Shakspeare. 
BA'NDLE*, ban'-dl. n. s. An Irish measure of two 

feet in length. Cockeram. 
BANDOLE'ERS, ban-di-leerz'. n. s. Small wooden 
cases, each containing powder that is a sufficient 
charge for a musket. Jordan. 
BAXDON*,bkn'-(lt>n. n.s. [Fr.] Disposal; license. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
BANDO'RE*, n. s. [iravSSpa, Gr.] A musical instru- 
ment, resembling a lute. Minsheu. 
BA'NDROL, band'-rill. n. s. [banderol, Fr.] A little 

fia°- or streamer. 
BA NDSTRING* band'-strlng. n. s. The string ap- 
pendant to the band. Bp. Taylor. 
BANDY §, ban'-de. n.s. A club turned round at bot- 
tom for striking a ball at play; the play itself. 
Brewer. 
To BANDY, ban'-de. v. a. To beat to and fro. 
Spenser. To exchange. Shak. To agitate. Locke. 
To BANDY, ban'-de. v. n. To contend, as at some 
game, in which each strives to drive the ball his 
own way. Sluxkspeare. 
BA'NDYLEG, ban'-de-leg. n. s. A crooked leg. 

Swift. 
BANDYLEGGED, ban'-de-leg'd. 362. a. Having 

crooked legs. Collier. 
BANE§, bane. n. 5. [bana, Sax.] Poison. B. Jonson. 

That which destroys. Hooker. 
To BANE, bane. v. a. To poison. SJuikspeare. 
BA'NEFUL, bane'-ful. a. Poisonous. Pope. Destruc- 
tive. B. Jonson. 
BANEFULNESS, bane'-ful-nes. n. s. Destructive- 



BANEWORT, bane'-wurt. 88. n. 
deadly nigU-shade. 



A plant; the 



To BANG §, bang. 409. v. a. [banga, Goth.] To beat ; 

to thump. Howell. To handle roughly. Shakspeare. 
BANG, bang. n. s. A blow; a thump. Sluxkspeare. 
To BANGLE, bang'-gl. v. a. To waste by little and 

little. Burton. 
To BANISH §, ban'-nlsh. v. a. [banir, Fr.] To con- 



demn to leave his own country. Sliak. To drive 
away. Cowley. 

BANISHER, ban'-nish-ur. n. s. He that banishes. 
Sluxkspeare. 

BANISHMENT, ban'-nish-ment. n. s. The act of 
banishing. Exile. Shakspeare. 

BANISTER*. A corruption of Baluster, which 
see. 

BANK $, bank. 409. n.s. [banc, Saxon.] The earth 
arising on each side of a water. Shak. Any heap 
piled up. 2 Sam. xx. A bench of rowers. Waller. 
A place where money is laid up. Bacon. The 
company of persons concerned in managing a 
bank. » 

To BANK, bank. v. a. To enclose with banks. Thom- 
son. To lay up money in a bank. Bp. Berkeley. 

BANK-BILL, bank-bill. n. s. A note for money laid 
up in a bank. Swift. 

BANK-STOCK*, bank'-stok. n. s. One of the pub- 
lick funds so called. Toiler. 

BANKER, bank'-ur. 98. n. s. One that keeps a 
bank. Dryden. 

BANKRUPT $, bank'-rupt. a. [banqueroute, Fr. ban- 
cor otto, Ital.] In debt beyond the power of pay- 
ment. Shakspeare. 

BANKRUPT, bank'-rupt. n. s. A man in debt be- 
yond the power of payment. Bacon. 

To BANKRUPT, bank'-rupt. v. a. To break. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

BANKRUPTCY, bank'-rup-se. 472. n. s. The state 
of a man broken, or bankrupt. The act of declar- 
ing one's self bankrupt. 

BANNER §, ban'-nfir. 98. n. s. [baner, Sued.] A flag; 
a standard. Isaiah, xiii. A streamer borne at the 
end of a lance. 

BANNERED*, ban'-n&rd. part. a. Displaying ban- 
ners. Milton. 

BANNERET, ban'-n&r-et. n. s. A knight made in 
the field, with the ceremony of cutting off the point 
of his standard, and making it a banner. Blount. 
A little banner. Shakspeare. 

BANNEROL, ban'-nur-role. 555. more properly 
Banderol, n. s. [banderolle, Fr.] A little flag or 
streamer. Camden. 

BANN1AN, ban -yan'.rc. s. A morning gown. A na- 
tive of India ; a Gentoo servant employed in man- 
aging the commercial affairs of an Englishman. 
Sir T. Herbert. An Indian tree so called. Milton. 

BANNFTION*, ban-nfsh'-un. n. s. [bannitus, Lat.] 
The act of expulsion. Alp. Laud. 

BANNOCK, ban'-nuk. 166. n. s. [bunna, Irish.] A 
kind of oaten cake. 

BANQUET §, bank'-kwet. 4-08. n. s. [banquet, Fr.] 
A feast. Hooker. 

To BANQUET, bank'-kwet. v. a. To treat with 
feasts. Shalcspeare. 

To BANQUET, bank'-kwet. 409. v. n. To feast. 
Shakspeare. To give a feast. Sluxkspeare. 

BANQUETER, baiuV-kwet-ur. n. s. A feaster. 
Cotgrave. He that makes feasts. 

BANQUET-HOUSE, bank'-kwet-hSfise. > 

BANQUETING-HOUSE^ankMvwet-ing-l^use. \ 
n. s. A house where banquets are kept. Sidney. 

BANQUETLNG* bankMcwet-lng. n. s. Feasting. 
1 Pet. 4. 

BANQ UE' TTE, bank-ket'. n.s. [Fr.] A small 
bank at the foot of the parapet, for the soldiers to 
mount upon when they fire. 

BANSHEE*, or BENSHI*. n. s. A kind of Irish 
fairy. 

BA'NSTICLE, ban'-stlk-kl. 405. n. s. A small fish ; a 
stickleback. 

To BANTERS, ban'-tfir. 98. v. a. [badiner, Fr.] To 
play upon. V Estrange. 

BANTER, ban'-tur. n. s. Ridicule ; raillery. Watts. 

BANTERER, ban'-tur-fir. n. s. One that banters. 
L' Estrange. 

BANTLING, bant'-tfng. n. s. A little child. Prior. 

BA'PTISM, bap'-uzm. n.s. An external ablution of 
the body, with a certain form of words, used in 
Christian churches. Ay life. Baptism is often taken 
in Scripture for sufferings. St. Luke, xii. 



BAR 



BAR 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met ;— pine, pin ; 



BAPTFSMAL, bap-uV-mal. a. Pertaining to baptism. 

Hammond. 
BA'PTIST, bap'-tlst. n. s. He that administers bap. 
tism. Matt. iii. An abbreviation of Anabaptist 
Swift. 
BA'PTISTERY, bap'-tls-tfir-e. 555. n. s. The place 

where baptism is administered. Mede. 
BAPTFSTICAL* bap-uV-te-kal. a. Relating to 

baptism. Bp. Bramliall. 
To BAPTFZE $, bap-tlze'. v. a. [Panrifr.] To chris 
ten. Milton. 

BAPTFZER. bap-tl'-zfir. 98. n. s. One that christens. 

BAR J, bar. 77. n. s. [barre, Fr.] What is laid across 
a passage to hinder entrance. Exodus. A bolt 
Nehemialu Obstruction. Job. A. gate. A rock, or 
bank of sand, at the entrance of a harbour. What 
is used for prevention, or exclusion. Hooker. The 
place where causes of law are tried, or where 
criminals stand. Shale. An enclosed place in a tav- 
ern, where the house-keeper sits. Addison. [In 
law.] A peremptory exception against a demand or 
plea. Cowel. Any thing by which the compages 
or structure is held together. Jonah, ii. Any thing 
which is laid across another, as bars in heraldry. 
Bar of gold or silver is a lump or wedge from 
the mines melted down into a sort of mould. Bars, 
in musick, are strokes drawn perpendicularly across 
the lines of a piece of musick. 

To BAR, bar. v. a. To fasten any thing with a bar 
Shak. To hinder. Sliaic. To prevent. Sidney, 
To detain. Shak. To shut out. Dryden. To ex- 
clude from use, or claim. Hooker. To prohibit 
Hudibras. To except. Sliak. To hinder the pro- 
cess of a suit. Dryden. To bar a vein ; an opera 
tion in farriery. 

BAR-SHOT, bar'-shot. n. s. Two half bullets joined 
together by an iron bar: used in sea engagements. 

BARB §, barb. n. s. [barba, Lat.] Any thing that grows 
in the place of a beard. Walton. Thepoints that 
stand backward in an arrow. Pope. The armour 
for horses. Hayward. 

BARB, barb. n. s. [Barbary.] A Barbary horse. 
L. Addison. 

To BARB, barb. v. a. To shave. Shak. To furnish 
horses with armour. Dryden. To jag arrows with 
hooks. Philips. 

BARRACAN, bar'-ba-kan. n. s. [bapbacan, Sax.] 
A fortification before the walls of a town. A fortress 
at the end of a bridge. Spenser. An opening in 
the wall to shcot out at. Cotgrave. 

BARBARIAN ^bar-ba'-re-an. n.s. [barbarus, Lat.] 
A man uncivilized. Denham. A foreigner. Sliak. 
A brutal monster. A. Philips. 

BARBARIAN, har-ba'-re-an. a. Savage. Pope. 

BARBARICK, bar-bar'-lk. a. Foreign; far-fetched. 
Milton. Uncivilized. Milton. 

BARBARISM, bar'-ba-rfzm. n. s. A form of speech 
contrary to the purity of any language. Dryden. 
Ignorance of arts. Sliak. Brutality. Spenser. Cru- 
elty. Shakspeare. 

BARBARITY, bar-bar'-e-te. n. s. Savageness ; cru- 
elly. Clarendon. Barbarism. Dryden. 

To BARBARIZE*, bar'-ba-rlze. v. a. To bring 
back to barbarism ; to render savage. Beaumont. 

To BARBARIZE*, bar'-ba-rlze. v.n. To commit a 
barbarism. Milton. 

BARBAROUS §, bar' -ba-rus. 314. a. Stranger to 
civility. Sidney. Ignorant. Dryden. Cruel. Claren- 
don. Foreign. Dryden. 

BARBAROUSLY, bar'-ba-rfis-le. ad. Ignorantly; 
contrary to the rules of speech. Dryden. Cruelly. 
Dri/den. 

BA'RBAROUSNESS,bar>-ba-r&s-nes.rc.s. Incivility 
of manners. Temple. Impurity of language. Brere- 
wood. Cruelty. Hale. 

BARBARY* bar'-ba-re. n. s. A Barbary horse 3 a 
Barb, which see. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

BARBA'TED* bar-bate'-eU part. a. Jagged with 
points ; bearded. Warton. 

To BA'RBECUE, ba^-be-ku. v. a. A term used in 
the West Indies for dressing a hog whole. Pope. 

BA'RBECUE, bar'-be-ku. n.s. A hog dressed whole. 



BARBED, bar / -b£d, or barb'd. 362. participial a. 

Furnished with armour. Sliak. Bearded. Job. 
BARBEL, bar'-bl. 102, 405. n. s. [barbel, Fr.] A kind 

offish. Walton. Superfluous flesh in the mouth of a 

horse. Farrier's Diet. 
BARBERS, bai-z-bur. 98. n. s. A man who shaves 

the beard. Wotton. 
To BARBER, bar'-bfir. v. a. To dress out. Shak. 
BARBER-CHIRURGEON.bar'-b&r-kl-rfir'-jean. 

n. s. A man who joins thepractice of surgery to the 

barber's trade. Wiseman. 
BARBER-MONGER, bar'-bfir-mung-gur. n. s. A 

fop. Shakspeare. 
BARBERESS*, bar'-bfir-es. n. s. A woman barber. 

Minsheu. 
BA'RBERRY, bar'-ber-re. n. s. \berberis, Lat.] Pip- 

pendge bush. Miller. 
BARD?, bard. 77. n. s. [bardd, Welsh.] A poet. 

Spenser. 
BARD*, bard. n. s. The trapping of a horse. 
BARDED*, bard'-ed. part. a. Caparisoned. Holins- 

hed. 
BARDICK*, bard'-ik. a. Relating to the bards or 

poets. Warton. 
BARD1SH* bard'-fsh. a. What is written by the 

bards. Selden. 
BARE §, bare. a. [bane, Sax.] Naked. Spenser. Raw. 

Spenser. Uncovered in respect. Clarendon. Un- 
adorned. Spenser. Detected. Milton. Poor; in- 
digent. Hooker. Mere. Shak. Threadbare. Shak. 

Not united with any thing else. Hooker. Wanting 

clothes. 
To BARE, bare. v. a. To strip. Spenser. 
BAREBONE, bare'-b6ne. n. s. Lean. Shakspeare. 
BAREBONED*, bare'-b6n'd. part. a. Having the 

bones bare. Shakspeare. 
BAREFACED, bare-faste'. 359. a. With the face 

naked. Sliakspeare. Shameless. Clarendon. 
BAREFACEDLY, bare-fa'-sed-le. 364. ad. Open- 
ly ; shamefully. Locke. 
BAREFA'CEDNESS, bare-fa'-sed-nes. 365. n. s. 

Effrontery ; assurance. 
BAREFOOT §, bare'-f fit. a. [baepepofc, Sax.] Hav- 
ing no shoes. Shakspeare. 
BAREFOOT, bare'-ffit. ad. Without shoes. Shak. 
BAREFO'OTED, bare'-ffil-ed. a. Without shoes. 

Sidney. 
BAREGNAWN, bare'-nawn. a. Eaten bare. Shak. 
BAREHEADED, bare'-hed-ded. a. Uncovered in 

respect. Shakspeare. 
BARELEGGED, bare'-legd. part. a. Having the 

legs bare. Burton. 
BARELY, bare'-le. ad. Nakedly. Huloet. Poorly. 

Barret. Without decoration ; merely. Hooker. 
BARENECKED*, bW-n&tt. part. a. Exposed. 

Heicyt. 
BAREPICKED*, bare'-plkt. part. a. Picked to the 

bone. Shakspeare. 
BARERIBBED* bare'-rib'd. part. a. Lean. Shak. 
BARENESS, bare'-nes. n.s. Nakedness. Sliak. 

Leanness. Shak. Poverty. Soidh. Meanness of 

clothes. 
BARFUL. See Barrful. 
BARGAINS bar'-gin. 208. n.s. [bargen, Welsh.] 

A contract. Bacon. The thing bought or sold! 

Locke. Stipulation. Bacon. An event. Arbuth. 
To BARGAIN, bar'-gin. v. n. To make a contract. 

Shakspeare. 
BARGAINEE', bar'-gin-nee'. n. s. He that accepts 

a bargain. 
BARGAINER, bar'-gfn-nfir. 98. n.s. The person 

who makes a bargain. Huloet. 
BARGE$, barje. n.s. [barje, old Fr.] A boat for 

pleasure. Shak. A sea-commanders boat. Ra- 

leigh. A boat for burden. 
BARGEMAN*, barje'-man. n. s. The manager of a 

barge. Ld. Northampton. 
BARGEMASTER* barje'-ma-stflr. n. s. The own- 
er of a barge which carries goods. Blackstone. 
BARGER, W-jfir. 98. n.s. The manager of a 

barge. Carew. 
BARK §, bark. n. s. [barck, Dan.] The rind or cover- 
122 



BAR 



BAR 



-n<i, niOve, n6r. not — tithe, tub, bull : — 6il ", — pound ; — thm, THis. 



ing of a tree. Bacon. The medicine called, by 
way of distinction, the bark, i. e. the Peruvian bark. 
A small ship. Bacon. 

To BARK, bark. v. a. To strip trees of their bark. 
Temple. To enclose. Donne. 

To BARK, bark. v.n. [beopcan, Sax.] To make 
the noise which a dog makes. Shale. To clamour 
at. Spenser. 

BARK-BARED, bark'-bar'd.a. Stripped of the bark. 
Mortimer. 

BARKER, bar'-kur. 98. n.s. One that barks. B. 
Jonson. One employed in stripping- trees. 

BARKY, bar'-ke. a. Consisting- of bark. Slmkspeare. 

BA'RLEY$, bar'-le. 270. n. s. A grain of which malt 
is made. Miller. 

BA'RLEYBRAKE, barMe-brake. n. s. A kind of 
rural plav ; a trial of swiftness. Sidney. 

BA'RLEY-BROTH, barMe-brM. n.s. A low word, 
sometimes used for strong beer. Shalcspeare. 

BA'RLEY-CORN, bar'-le-kSrn. n.s. A grain of 
barley ; the beginning of our measure ot length 5 
the third part of an inch. Ticlcell. 

BA'RLEY-MOW, bar / -!e-m6u. n.s. The place 
where reaped barley is stowed up. Gay. • 

BA'RLEY-SUGAR*, bar'-le-shug'-ur. n. s. Sugar 
boiled till it be brittle, formerly with a decoction of 
barley. 

BARM£, barm. n. s. [beopm, Sax.] Yeast. Shale. 

BA'RMY, bar'-me. a. Containing barm. Dryden. 

BARN J, barn. n.s. [bepn, Sax.] A place for laying 
up grain, hay, or straw. Dryden. 

To BARN*, barn. v. a. To lay up in a barn. Shak. 

BARN-DOOR*, barn'-d6re. n. s. The door of a barn. 
Mil/on. 

BA'RNACLE, bar'-na-kl. 405. n.s. [beann, Sax. 
and aac ] A kind of shell-fish that grows upon tim- 
ber that lies in the sea. Sir T. Herbert. A bird 
like a goose, supposed to grow on trees. Bentleu. 
An instrument oiiron for the use of farriers, to hold 
the horse bv the nose. Farrier's Diet. 

BARO'METER§, ba-rom'-me-tur. 518. n..s. [0dpos 
and ufrpov.] A machine for measuring the weight 
of the atmosphere, and the variations in it, in order 
chiefly to determine the changes of the weather. 
Harris. 

BAROMETRICAL, bar-6-met'-tre-kal. 509,515. a. 
Relating to the barometer. Derham. 

BA RON), bar'-rftn. 166. n.s. [baro, Lat.] A degree 
of nobility next to a viscount. Baron is an officer, 
as barons of the exchequer to the king. There are 
also ba*ms of the cinque ports, that have places in 
the lower house of parliament. Coicel. Baron is 
used for the husband in relation to his wife. Coicel. 
A baron of beef 'is when the two sirloins are not cut 
asunder. Diet. 

BA'RONAGE, bar'-run-adje. 90. n. s. The body of 
barons and peers. Hale. The dignity of a baron. 
The land which gives title to a baron. 

BA'RONESS, bar 7 -run-es. 557. n. s. A baron's lady. 

BA^RONET, bV-run-et. 557. n. s. [of baron and et. 
diminutive termination.] The lowest degree of hon- 
our that is hereditary ; below a baron, and above a 
knight. Coicel. 

BARONIAL*, ba-r&'-ne-al. a. Relating to a baron 
or baronv. Warton. 

BA'RONY, bar'-run-e. 557. n.s. That honour or 

lordship that gives title to a baron. Cowel. 
BA'ROSCOPE, bar'-ro-skope. n. s. [$doo<; and cko- 
iriu).'] An instrument to show the weight of the at- 
mosphere. Arbnthnot. 
BA'RRACAN,bar'-ra-kan. n.s. [barracan, Fr.] A 

strong thick kind of camelot. 
BA'RRACK, bar'-rak. n. s. [barracca, Span.] Build- 
ings to lodge soldiers. 
BA'RRACK-MaSTER* bar'-rak-ma-stur. n. s . 

The superintendent of soldiers' lodgings. Swift. 
BA'RRATOR, bai^ra-lur. n.s. [barat, old Fr.] A 
wrangler, and an encourager of law suits. Sir T. 
Etyot. 
BARRATRY, bar'-ra-tre. n. s. Foul practice in law. 

Hudibras. 
BA'RREL^bar'-rll. 99. n.s. [baril, Welsh.] A 



round wooden vessel. Bacon. A particular meas- 
ure. Any tiling hollow ; as, the barrel of a gun. 
Digfoj. A cylinder. Moxon.—Bairel of the ear is 
a cavity behind the tympanum. Diet. 

To BARREL, bar^-ru. v. a. To put any thing in a 
barrel. Spensei . 

BA'RREL-BELLIED, bar'-ril-bel'-lid. a. Having a 
large belly. Dryden. 

BA'RREN$,bar / -ren. a. [baraigne, old Fr.] Notpro- 

' lifick. Shak. Unfruitful. 2 Kings, ii. Not copi 
ous. Swift. Unmeaning. Shakspeare. 

BARRENLY, bar'-ren-le. ad. Unfruitfully. Huloet. 

BARRENNESS, bar'-ren-nes. n.s. Want of off- 
spring. Milton. Unfruitfulness. Bacon. Want of 
invention. Dryden. Want of matter. Hooker. 
[In theology^ Aridity ; want of emotion or sensi- 
bility. Bp. Taylor. 

BA'RREN-SPlRlTED*, bar'-ren-spfr'-U-ed. part. a. 
Of a poor spirit. Shakspeare. 

BA'RREN-WORT, bar'-ren-wurt. n. s. The name 
of a plant. 

BA'RRFUL, bar'-ful. a. Full of obstructions. Shak. 

BARRICA'DE, bar-re-kade'. n.s. [barricade, FrJ 
A fortification made of trees, earth, &c. to keep off 
an attack. Any stop. Derham. 

To BARRICA'DE, bar-re-kade'. v. a. To stop up 
a passage. Gay. 

BARRICA'DO/ bar-re-ka'-dA. [See Lumbago.] 
n. s. [barricada, Span.] A fortification. Bacon. 

To BARRICA'DO, bar-re-ka'-d6. v. a. To fortify ; 
to stop up. Milton. 

BA'RRIER. bar'-re-ur. 98. n. s. [barriere, Fr.] A 
barricade. Pope. A fortification. Swift. A stop. 
Watts. A bar to mark the limits of any place. 
Bacon. A boundary. Pope. 

35= Pope, by the license of his art, pronounced this word 
in two syllables, with the accent on the last, as if writ- 
ten bar-re 1 er : 
" 'Twixt that and reason what a nice barrier ! 
" For ever sep'rate, yet for ever near." 

Essay on Man, Ep. i. v. 215. 

And yet, in another part of hi9 works, he places the ac- 
cent on the first syllable, as we always hear it in prose: 
" Safe in the love of Heav'n, an ocean flows 
" Around our realm, a barrier from the foes." W. 

BA'RRING-OUT* bar'-rlng-6ut. n. s. Exclusion of 
a person from a place, a boyish sport at Christmas. 
Swift. 

BA'RRISTER, bar'-r?s-tur. n.s. A counsellor at 
law. Blount and Chambers. 

BARROW, bar'-r6. n. s. [barrot, old Fr.] Any kind 
of carriage moved by the hand. Shakspeare. 

BA'RROW, bar'-ro. n.s. [bep£, Sax.] A hog. 
Milton. 

BA'RROW, whether in the beginning or end of 
names of places, signifies a grove. Gwson. A hil- 
lock, under which, in old times, bodies have been 
buried. Warton. 

To BA'RTER ^bar'-tur 98. v.n. [barrater, Fr.] To 
traffiek bv exchanging. Hudibras. 

To BA'RTER, bar'-tur. v. a. To give any thing in 

• exchange for another. Sliakspeare. 

BA'RTER, bar'-tur. n.s. Trafficking by exchange 
of commodities. Bacon. 

BA'RTERER,bar'-tur-ur. n. s. He that trafficks by 
exchange. Wakefield. 

BA'RTERY, bar'-tur-re. 555, n.s. Exchange of 
commodities. Camden. 

BARTHO'LOMEW-TIDE*, bar-tfiol'-6m-mu-dde. 
n. s. The term near St. Bartholomew's day. Shak. 

BA'RTON, bar'-t'n. n. s. [bene-fcun, Sax.] The 
demesne lands of a manor ; the manor-house it- 
self; and sometimes the outhouses. Huloet. 

BA'RTRAM, bar'-tram. n. s. A plant 5 pellitory. 

BARYTONE t, bar'-e-t6ne. n. s. 

§£f- A word with the grave accent on the last syllable.— 
If the inspector does not know what is meant by the 
grave accent, it may be necessary to inform him, that 
writers on the Greek accent tell us, that every syllable 
which has not the acute accent, has the grave ; and as 
there could but be one syllable acuted in that language, 
the rest must necessarily be grave. What these accents 
123 



BAS 



BAS 



BT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£ j— pine, phi : 



are, has puzzled the learned so much, that they seem 
neither to understand each other nor themselves : but it 
were to be wished they had kept this distinction into 
acute and grave out of our own language, as it is im- 
possible to annex any clear ideas to it, except we con- 
sider the grave accent merely as the absence of the 
acute, which reduces it to no accent at all. If we divide 
the voice into its two leading inflections, the rising and 
falling, and call the former the acute, and the latter the 
grave, we can annex distinct ideas to these words : and 
perhaps it is an ignorance of this distinction of speak- 
ing sounds,.and confounding them with high and low, 
or loud and soft, that occasions the confusion we meet 
with in writers on this subject. — See Elements of Elo- 
cution, page 60 : also Observations on the Greek and 
Latin Accent and Quantity, at the end of the Key to 
the Classical Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Prop- 
er Names. W. 

BASA'LT*, ba-salt' n. s. Artificial or black porce- 
lain, of nearly the same properties with the natural 
basalt ; invented by Messrs. Wedgwood and Bent- 
ley. C/iambers. 
BASA'LTES*, ba-sal'-tez. n.s. A kind of stone, of 
the hardness and colour of iron, which is found in 
perpendicular blocks. Pennant. 
BASA'LTICK*, ba-sal'-tik. a. Of basaltes. Pen- 
nant, j 
BASE §, base. a. [has, Fr.] Mean. Jiacon.. Of j 
mean spirit. Sidney. Of low station. Spenser, j 
Of no honourable birth ; illegitimate. Sliak. Ap- 
plied to metals : without value. Watts. Applied 
to sounds : deep ; grave. Bacon. Low : in posi- 
tion or place. Goicer. 
BASE-BORN, base'-born. a. Born out of wedlock. 
Gay. Of low parentage. Sir R. Fanshawe. Vile. 
Milton. 
BASE-COURT, b&se'-kirt. n. s. Lower court. 

Shakspeare. 
BASE-MINDED, base-minded, a. Mean-spirited. 

Camden. 
BASE-MINDEDNESS*, base-mlnd'-Sd-nes. n. s. 

Meanness of spirit. Sir E. Sandys. 
BASE-VIOL^ base-vi'-ul. 166. n.s. An instrument 

used for the base sound. Addison. 
BASE, base. n. s. [basis, Lat.] The bottom of any 
tiling. Sliak. The pedestal of a statue. Bacon. 
That part of any ornament which hangs down. 
Sidney. The broad part of any body ; as, the 
bottom of a cone. Stockings. Spenser. The place 
from which racers run. Dryden. The string that 
gives a base sound. Spenser. An old rustick play, 
called prison bars. Drayton. A small cannon. 
Sir T. Herbert. 
To BASE, base. v. a. To degrade. Bacon.. 
BASELESS*, baseMes. a. Without foundation. 

Shakspeare. 
BASELY, baseMe. ad. In a base manner. Slunk. 

In bastardy. Knolles. 
BASEMENT*, base'-mgnt. n. s. A continued base, 

extended a considerable length. Chambers. 
BASENESS, base'-nes. n.s. Meanness. Spe/iser. 
Vileness of metal. Swift. Bastardy. Shah. Deep- 
ness of sound. Bacon. 
BASENET*, Ms'-e-ngt. n. s. [bacinet, old Fr.] A 

helmet or headpiece. Spenser. 
BASESTRING* base'-strfog. n.s. The lowest 

note. Shakspeare. 
To BASH§, bash. v.n. [from base.'] To be ashamed. 

Bale. 
BASHA'W, bash-aw'. n. s. A title of honour among 

the Turks. Bacon. 
BASHFUL, bash'-f ul. a. Modest. Shak. Sheepish. 

Shakspeare. Exciting shame. Mir. for Mag. 
BASHFULLY, bash'-ful-le. ad. Modestly. Sher- 

icood. 

BASHFULNESS, bash-ful-n£s. n. s. Modesty, as 

shown in outward appearance. Sidney. Vicious 

or rustick shame. Sidney. 

BASIL, baz'-ll. n.s. The nameof a plant. Draijton. 

BASIL, baz'-ll. n. s. The angle to which the edge 

of a joiner's tool is ground away. 
BASIL, baz'-ll. n.s. The skin of a sheep tanned. 
To BASIL, bazMl. v. a. To grind the edge of a tool 
to an angle. Moxon. 



BASFLICA, ba-zil'-e-ka. n. s. [fiam\tKf h ] The mid- 
dle vein of the arm. Quincy. 
BASFLICAL, ba-zlF-e-kal. (a. Belonging to the ba- 
BASFLICK, ba-zilMik. ( silick vein. Sliarp. 
BASFLICK, ba-zilMik. n. s. [fiaaiXiK^.] A large hall ; 

a magnificent church. 
BASILICON, ba-zlF-e-kdn. n.s. An ointment 

Quincy. 
BASILISK, baz'-e-llsk. n. s. [paotMo-Kos.] A kind 

of serpent. Shak. A species of cannon. Bacon. 
BASINS, ba'-sn. 405. n. s. [basin, Fr.] A small ves- 
sel to hold water. Shak. A small pond. Spectator. 
A part of the sea enclosed in rocks. Pope. Any 
hollow place capacious of liquids. Blackmore. A 
dock for repairing ships. — Basins of a balance ; 
the same with the scales. 
BASINED*, ba'-sn'd. a. Enclosed in a basin. 

Young. 
BASIS, ba'-sk n. s. [basis, Lat.] The foundation. 
Raleigh. The lowest of the three principal parts 
of a column. Addison. That on which any thing 
is raised. Denliam. The pedestal. Shak. The 
groundwork of any thing. Shakspeare. 
To BASK §, bask. 79. v. a. [backeren, Dut.] To warm 

by laying out in the heat. Milton. 
To BASK, bask. v.n. To lie in the warmth. Dryd. 
BASKET, bas'-klt. 99. n. s. [basged, Welsh.] A 

vessel made of twigs, rushes, or splinters. Shak. 
BASKET-HILT, bas'-klt-hilt. 99. n.s. A hilt of a 
weapon which contains the whole hand. Hudibras. 
BASKET-HILTED*, bas'-kft-hilt-eU a. A weapon 

having a basket-hilt. Warton. 
BASKET- WOMAN, bas'-kft-wum-un. 166. n.s. A 

woman that plies at markets with a basket. 
BASQUISH^bas'-kfsh. a. Relating to the language 

of the natives of Biscay. Sir T. Brown. 
BASS, bas. n. s. A mat used in churches. Mortimer. 
BASS*, bas. n. s. A fish of the perch kind. Gray. 
To BASS, base. v. n. To sound in a deep tone. Sluxk- 

speare. 
BASS, base. a. In musick, grave ; deep. 
BASS-RELIEF, bas-re-leef . n. s. [bas and relief] 
Sculpture, the figures of which do not stand out 
from the ground in their full proportion. Gray. 
BASS-VIOL. See Base-Viol. Dryden. 
BASSA. See Bashaw. Sir T. Herbert. 
BASSET, haV-sit. 99. n.s. [basset, Fr.] A game at 

cards. Dennis. 
BASSO RELIEVO. [Ital.] See Bass-relief. 

Warton. 
BASSO'N, or BASSO'ON, bas-soon'. n.s. [basson, 
Fr.] A musical wind instrument, blown with a 
reed. Trevoux. 
BASSOCK, bas'-s&k. n.s. The same with bass. 
BASTARD §, bas'-tard. 88. n.s. [bastardd, Welsh.] 
An illegitimate child. Ayliffe. Any thing spurious. 
Sliak. A kind of sweet wine. Sliak. The large 
sail of a galley. 
BASTARD, bas'-tard. a. Illegitimate. Shak. Spu- 
rious. Shakspeare. 
To BASTARD, bas'-tard. v. a. To convict of being 

a bastard. Bacon. 
BASTARDISM*, bas'-tar-dfzm. n. s. The state of 

a bastard. Cotgrave. 
To BASTARDIZE, bas'-tar-dlze. v. a. To convict 
of being a bastard. Harmer. To beget a bastard. 
Shakspeare. 
BASTARDLY*, bas'-tard-le. a. Spurious. Bp. 

Taylor. 
BASTARDLY, basMard-le. ad. Spuriously. Donne. 
BASTARDY, bas'-lar-de. n. s. An unlawful state of 
birth, which disables the bastard from succeeding 
to an inheritance. Ayliffe. 
To BASTE, baste, v. a..[beysta and bausta, Iceland.] 
To beat with a stick. Hudibras. To drip butter 
upon meat when on the spit. Slvxkspeare. To sew 
slightly. Shakspeare. 
BASTILE*, bas'-teel. n. s. [bastille, Fr.] The forti- 
fication of a castle; the castle itself. Mir. for Mag. 
BASTIMENT* bas'-te-ment. \n.s. [bastiment, 
BASTIME'NTO^bas-te-men'-tA. \ old Fr.] A ram- 
part. 

124 



BAT 



BAW 



-116, move, nor, nftt 3— u\hc, tftb, bftll 5— Oil ;— pfiund ! 



BASTINA'DE, bas-te-nade'. ) n. s. [hastonnade, 

BASTINA'DO, bds-te-na'-do. \ Fr.l The act of 
beating with a cudgel. Sidney. 'A Turkish pun- 
ishment of beating an offender on the soles of his 
feet. 

To BASTINA'DE, bas-te-nade'. > [See Lumba 

To BASTINA'DO, has-te-na'-do. 5 go.] v. a. To 
treat with the bastinado. B. Jonson. 

HASTING*, baste'-ing. n.s. The act of beating 
with a stick. Swift. 

BA'STION, bas'-tsh&n. 291. n.s. [bastion, Fr.] A 
huge mass of earth, usually faced with sods, stand 
ins: out from a rampart ; a bulwark. Prior. 

BAT, bat. n. s. [bat, Sax.] A heavy stick. Wick 



titfe. 
BAT, ba 



bat. 11. s. An animal having the body of a 
mouse and the wings of a bird ; not with feathers, 
but a sort of skin which is extended. Calmet. 
BAT-FOWLER*, bat'-fM-ler. n. s. One who de- 
lights in bat-fowling. Harrington. 
BAT-FOWLING, bat'-fofl-flng. n. s. Bird catching 
in the night time. They light torches or straw, 
and then oeat the bushes ; upon which the birds, 
flying to the flames, are caught either with nets, or 
otherwise. Shakspeare. 
BA TABLE, ba'-ta-bl. 405. a. [datable, Fr.] Disputa- 
ble. Coivel. 
BATCH, batsh. n. s. [from bake.} The quantity of 

bread baked at a time. Mortimer. 
BATCHELOR. See Bachelor. 
BATE §, bate. n. s. [bate, Sax.] Strife ; contention. 

Shakspeare. 
BATE-BREEDLNG* bate'-breed-ing. part. a. 

Breeding strife. Shakspeare. 
To BATE $' bate. v. a. To lessen. Shak. To sink 
the price. Locke. To lessen a demand. Shak. To 
cut ofi'. Dry den. To grow less. Dry den. To re- 
mit. Dryden. 
To BATE*, as a hawk. See To Bait. 
BATEFUL, bale'-ful. a. Contentious. Sidney. 
BA'TELESS*, bate'-les. a. Not to be abated. Shak. 
BATEMENT,bate'-m£nt. n.s. Diminution. Moxon. 
BATFUL* bat'-f&l.a. See To Battel. Drayton. 

Ob. T. 
BATH $, bfoh. 78. n. s. [baS, Sax.] A bath is either 
hot or cold, either of art or nature. Quincy. Out- 
ward heat applied to the body. Shaksjwai-e. A ves- 
sel of water, in which another is placed that requires 
a softer heat than the naked fire. Quincy. A He- 
brew measure, containing seven gallons and four 
pints ; or three pecks and three pints. Isaiah. 
To BATHE, baTHe. 467. v. a. To wash. Milton. 
To supple or soften. Wiseman. To wash any 
thing. Dri/den. 
To BATHE, baTHe. v. n. To be in the water, or in 

any resemblance of a bath. Shakspeare. 
BATHING*, baTHe'-fng. n. s. The act of bathing. 

Hakeui/l. 
BA'THOS*,bk'-thbs. «..*• [Gr.] The art of sink- 
ing in poetry. Arbidhnot. 

BATLET, bat'-let. n. s. A square piece of wood, 

used in beating linen. Shaksjjeare. 
BATO'ON, ba-tSon'. n. s. [baton, Fr.] A staff or 

club. Bacon. A truncheon or marshal's staff. 

Beaumo/U and Fletcher. In the coat of arms, to de- 
note illegitimate descent. 
BA'TTABLE*bat'-ta-bl. a. Capable of cultivation. 

Burton. 
BATTAILANT* bat'-ta-lant. n. s. A combatant. 

Slielton. Ob. T. 
BATTAILOUS, bat'-ta-l&s. a. Warlike. Fairfax. 
BATTA'LIA,bat-tale'-ya.272. n.s. [battaglia, Ital] 

The order of battle. Sandys. The main Body of an 

armv. Sfutkspeare. 
BATTA'LlON,bat-tal'-y&n.272,507.n. 5. [battail- 

Ion, Fr.] A division of an army. Shak. An army. 

Shakspeare. 
To BATTEL $*, or BATTIL* bat'-tl. v. a. To 

render fertile. 
To BATTEL*, bat'-tl. v. n. To grow fat. Spenser. 



To stand indebted in the college books, at Oxford, 
for what is expended at the buttery in the necessa 
ries of eating and drinking. At Cambridge, size\s 
used in a similar sense. In the former university 
there is a student named a batteler or battler ; in the 
latter, a sizer. 
BATTEL*; or BATTLE* bat'-tl. «. Fruitful ; fer- 
tile. Hooker. 
BATTEL*, bat'-tl. 7i.s. [tselan, Sax.] The account 
of the expenses of a student in any college in Ox- 
ford. Cherry. 
BATTELLER*, bat'-tl-lur. ) n. s. A student at 
BATTLER*, bat'-tlfir. $ Oxford. Life of Bp. 

Kennett. 
To BATTEN, bat'-tn. 103. v. a. [ga-batnan, Goth.] 
To fatten, or make fat. Milton. To fertilize. 
Philips. 
To BATTEN, bat'-tn. 103. v. v. To grow fat. Shak. 
BATTEN, bat'-tn. n.s. A scantling ot wood. Moxon. 
To BATTER $, bat'-t&r. 98. v. a. [hattre, Fr.] To 
beat down. Ezekiel. To wear with beating. Dry- 
den. To wear out with service. Southern. 
To BATTER, bat'-tur. v. n. The side of a wall that 

bulges is said to batter. Moxon. 
BATTER, bat'-t&r. n. s. A mixture of several ingre- 
dients beaten together. King. 
BATTERER, bat'-t&r-r&r. n. s. He that batters. 

Bp. Taylor. 
BATTERING-RAM*, bat'-t&r-mg-ram'. n.s. An 

ancient military engine. 
BATTERY, bat'-t&r-re. 555. n. s. The act of bat- 
tering. Spenser. A line of cannon. Shakspeare. 
The frame, or raised work, upon which cannons 
are mounted. [In law.] A violent striking of any 
man. Gliambers. 
BATTISH, bat'-tlsh, a. Resembling a bat. Vernon: 
BATTLES, bat'-tl. 405. n. s. [battaille, Fr.] A fight. 
Shak. A body of forces. Bacon. The main body. 
Hayward. 
To BATTLE, bat'-tl. v. n, To join battle. Bale. 
BATTLE-ARRAY, bat'-tl-ar-ra'. n. s. Order of 

battle. Addison. 
BATTLE-AXE, bat'-tl-aks. n. s. A weapon used 

anciently. Carew. 
BATTLEDOOR, bat'-tl-dore. n. s. An instrument 
with a handle and a flat board, used in play to 
strike a ball, or shuttlecock. Locke. A child's 
horn-book, somewhat resembling a battledoor in 
shape. 
BATTLEMENT, bat'-tl-ment. n. s. A wall with 

embrasures, or interstices. Shakspeare. 
BATTLEMENTED* bat'-tl-ment-ed. part. a. Se- 
cured by battlement. Sir. T. Herbert. 
BATTLING*, bat'-ttfng. n. s. Conflict. Tliomson. 
BATTO'LOGIST*, bat-tol'-O-jk. n. s. One who 
repeats the same thing in speaking or writing. 
Whitlock. 
To BATTO'LOGIZE* hat-tol'-o-jlze. p. a. To 
repeat needlesslv the same thing. Sir. T. Herbert. 
BATTO'LOG Y f*, bat-tol'-o-je. n. s. [battobgie, Fr.] 

Repeating one and the same thing. Milton. 
BATTY, bat'-te. a. Belonging to a bat. S/iakspeare, 
BAUBE'E, baw-bee'. n. s. [bos-billon, Fr.] A half- 
penny. Bramston. 
BA'UBLE. See Bawble. 
To BAULK. See Balk. 
BA'VARO Y, ba-va-r6e'. n. s. [Bavarois, Fr.] A kind 

of cloak. Gay. 
BA'VIN, bav'-m. n. s. A stick like those bound in 

faggots ; a piece of waste wood. Shakspeare. 
BA'WBLE, baw'-bl.405. n. s. [baubellnm.] A gew- 
gaw ; a trifling piece of finery. Gower. 
BA'WBLING, baw'-bl?ng. 410. a. Trifling. Shak, 
BA'WCOCK, baw'-kok. n. s. A familiar word, the 

same as fine fellow. Shakspeare. 
BAWD §,'bawd. n. s. [baude, old Fr.] A procurer, 

or procuress. Skelton. 
To BAWD*, bawd. v. a. To foul 5 to dirty. Skelton. 
To BAWD, bawd. v.n. To procure; to provide 

gallants with strumpets. Spectator. 
BA'WDBORN*, bawd'-born. part. a. Descended 
of a bawd. Shakspeare. 

125 



BEA 



JBEA 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mSt;— pine, pm ;— 



BA'WDILY, baw'-de-le. ad. Obscenely. 
BA'WDINESS, baw'-de-nes. n. s. Obsceneness or 

lewdness. 
BA'WDRICK, baw'-drik. n. e. [See Baldrick.] 

A belt. Cfiapman. 
BA'VVDRY, baw'-dre. n. s. The practice of pro- 
curing and bringing whores and rogues together. 
Ay life. Obscenity. Bp. Hall. 
BA'WDY, baw'-de. a. Filthy. Chaucer. Obscene. 

Shakspcare. 
BA'WDY-HOUSE, baw'-de-house. n. s. A house 
where traffick is made by wickedness and de- 
bauchery. Dennis. 
To BAWL §, ball. v. n. [baula, old Fr.] To hoot. ; 
to cry with vehemence. Milton. To cry as a fro- 
ward child. L' Estrange. 
To BAWL, ball. v. a. To proclaim as a crier. 

Sivift. 
BAWN*, bawn. 71. s. An enclosure with mud or 
stone-walls, to keep the cattle; a fortification. 
Spenser. 
BA'WREL, baw'-rll. 99. n. 5. A kind of hawk. ' 
BA'WSIN, baw'-sln. n. s. A badger. Diet. 
BAY. ba. 220. a. [baye, bai, old Fr.] Inclining to a 
chestnut colour, spoken of a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
BAY§, ba. n. s. [bygan, Sax.] An opening into the 
land. Shak. A pen or pond-head for driving a 
mill. 
BAY, ba. n. s. [abboi, Fr.] The state of any thing 
surrounded by enemies. Bacon. Distance beyond 
which no approach could be made. Dryden. 
BAY,ba. n. s. [bay, Germ.] [In architecture.] A term 
used to signify the magnitude of a building. Build- 
er's Diet. Any kind of opening in walls. Chamb. 
BAY 7Vee, .ba'-tree. The laurel. Psalm xxxvii. 
BAY, ba. n. s. An honorary crown or garland. 

Browne. Figuratively, learning itself. Drayton. 
To BAY, ba. v. n. To bark as a dog at a thief. 

Spenser. To shut in. Sliakspeare. 
To BAY, ba. v. a. To bark at. Sliakspeare. 
BAY Salt, ba'-salt. Salt made of sea water, which 
receives its consistence from the heat of the sun 
and is so called from its brown colour. Chambers. 
BAY Window, ba'-wm'-di. A window jutting out 
ward, and forming a kind of bay or hollow in the 
room. Sliakspeare. 
BAY Yum, haZ-yarn 7 . Woollen yarn. Chambers. 
BA'YARD §, ba/-yard. n. s. [bayart, old Fr.] A bay 
horse in general. Burton. An unmannerly be- 
holder. B. Jonson. 
BA'YARDLY*, ba'-yard-le. a. Blind ; stupid. Bp. 

Taylor. 
BAYED*, bade. a. Having bays. See Bay in ar- 
chitecture. 
BA'YONET §, ba'-yun-nel. n. s. [bayonette, Fr.] A 
short sword or dagger fixed at the end of a musket. 
Woodward. 
$5= This word is very frequently pronounced bagonet, 

but chiefly by the vulgar. W. 
To BA'YONET*, ba'-y&n-net. v. a. To drive for- 
ward with the bayonet. Burke. 
BAZA'R*, ba-zar'. n. s. [buzzar, Persian.] Constant 
market ; a covered market-place. Sir T. Herbert. 
BAYZE. See Baize. 

BDELLIUM, del'-y&m. [See Pneumatick.] n. s. 
\fi6eWiov.~] An aromatick gum brought from the 
Levant. Cltambers. 
To BE§, bee. v. n. To have some certain state. 
Sliak. The auxiliary verb by which the verb pas- 
sive is formed. Shak. To exist ; to have existence. 
Dryden. To have something by appointment or 
rule. Locke. Let be. Do not meddle with. Dryden. 
BE-ALL*, be-all. n. s. All that is to be done. Shak. 
BEACH §,' beetsh. 227. n.s. [backar, Goth.] The 

shore ; the strand. Sliakspeare. 
BE' ACHED, beetsh'-Sd. a. Exposed to the waves 

Sliakspeare. 
BE' ACHY, beetsh'-e. a. Having beaches. Shak. 
BE'ACQN §, be'-kn. 170. n. s. [beacen, Sax.] Some, 
thing raised on an eminence, to be fired on the 
approach of an enemy. Spenser. Marks erected 
to direct navigators. 



a. To afford light as a 
Money paid for 



To BE'ACON*, be'-kn 
beacon ; to light up. 

BE'ACONAGE*, be'-kn-aje. n. s. 
maintaining of beacons. Minsheu. 

BE'ACONED, be'-kn-eU a. Having a beacon. T 
Warton. 

BEAD §, bede. 227. n. s. [bebe, Sax.] Small globes 
of glass strung upon a thread, and used by the Ro- 
manists to count their prayers. Gower. Little balls 
worn about the neck Shcdc. Any globular bodies. 
Sliakspeare. 

BEAD Tree, bede'-tree. A plant. 

BE'ADLE, be'-dl. 227, 405. n. s. [bybel, barbel, 
Sax.] A messenger belonging to a court, or pub 
lick body. Abp. Laud. A petty officer in parishes. 
Sliakspeare. 

BE'ADLESHIP* be'-dl-shlp. n. s. The office of a 
beadle. A. Wood. 

BE'ADROLL,bede'-r6le. rc. 5. A catalogue of those 
who are to be mentioned at prayers. Bacon. 

BE'ADSMAN, beedz'-man. n. s. A man employed 
in praying, generally for another. Spenser. 

BE'ADS WOMAN*, beedz'-wum-un. n. s. A wo- 
man who prays for another. B. Jonson. 

BE'AGLE, be'-gl. 227, 405. n. s. [bigle, Fr.] A small 
hound with which hares are hunted. Dryden. 

BEAK§, beke. 227. n. s. [bee, Fr.] The bill or horny 
mouth of a bird. Shak. A piece of brass like a 
beak, fixed at the end of the ancient gallies. Dry- 
den. Any thing ending in a point like a beak. 
Co.rew. 

BE'AKED, be'-ked, or bekt. 362. a. Having a beak, 
or the form of a beak. Milton. 

BE'lKER, be'-kur. 98. n. s. [becher, Germ.] A ves- 



sel for drink. Butler. 
BEAL§,bele.227.rc.i 

pimple. 
To BEAL, bele. v. a. 



[bolga, Goth.] A whelk or 



To ripen ; to gather matter, 
as a sore does. Sherwood. 
BEAM£, beme. 227. n. s. [beam, Sax,] The main 
piece of timber that supports the house. Builder's 
Diet. Any large and long piece of timber. Dry- 
den. That part of a balance, at the ends of which 
the scales are suspended. Shak. The horn of a 
stag. Denham. The pole of a chariot. Dryden. 
A cylindrical piece of wood belonging to the loom, 
on which the web is gradually rolled as it is wove. 
1 Sam. The ray of light emitted from some lu- 
minous body, or received by the eye. Sliakspeare. 
To BEAM*, beme. v. a. To shoot forth ; to emit. 
To BEAM, beme. v. n. [beamian.] To emit rays 

or beams. Pope. 
BEAM Tree, beme'-tree. A species' of wild-ser- 
vice. 
BE'AMLESS*, beme'-les. a. Yielding no ray of 

light. Dryden and Lee. 
BE'AMY, be'-me. a. Radiant; shining. Milton. 
Having the weight of a beam. Dryden. Having 
horns or antlers. Dryden. 
BEAN §, bene. 227. n. s. [bean, Sax.] The common 

garden bean. The horse bean. Miner . 
BEAN Caper, bene'-ka-pur. A plant. 
BEAN Tressel, bene'-tres-sl. An herb. 
BE'ANFED* bene'-fed. part. a. Fed with beans 

Sliakspeare. 
To BEAR §, bare. 24-0. v. a. pret. bore, or bare ; part, 
pass, bore, or born, or borne, [beopan, Sax.] To car- 
ry as a burden. Isa. To convey or carry. Dryden. 
To carry as a mark of authority. Shak. To carry 
as a mark of distinction. Hale. To carry as in 
show. Shak. To carry as in trust. John. To sup- 
port. Hooker. To keep afloat. Genesis. To sup- 
port with proportionate strength. Arbvthnot. To 
carry in the mind, as love, hate. Daniel. To en- 
dure. Psalms. To suffer ; to undergo. • To per- 
mit. Hooker. To be capable of. Clarendon. To 
produce, as fruit. Bacon. To bring forth, as a 
child. Sliak. To give birth to; to be the native 
place of. Dryden. To possess, as power or hon- 
our. Addison. To gain ; to win. Shak. To main- 
tain; to keep up. Locke. To support anything 
good or bad. Bacon. To exhibit. Dnjdau ' To bo 



BEA 



BEA 



— no, move, nflr, n6t;— lube, tab, bull ; — 611 ;— pound ;— thin, THis 



answerable for. Genesis. To supply. Dryden. To 
be the object of. Shak. To behave ; to act in any 
character. ShaJc. To hold ; to restrain. Hcyuard. 
To impei; to urge. Sir J. Hayward. To conduct; 
to manage. B. Jonson. To press. Shak. To in- 
cite; to animate. Millon. — To bear date. To carry 
the mark of the time when any thing' was written. 
To bear a price. To have a certain value. To 
bear in hand. To amuse with false pretences. Shak. 
To bear off. To carry away. Shak. To bear out. 
To support ; to maintain. Shakspeare. 

To BEAR, bare. 73. v. n. To suffer pain. Pope. To 
be patient. Dry den. To be fruitful or prolifick. 
Bacon. To take effect ; to succeed. Guardian. 
To act in any character. Shak. To be directed 
to any point. Boyle. To act as an impellent. 
SJiak. To act upon. Hayward. To be situated 
with respect to other places ; as, this mountain 
bears west of the promontory. — To bear up. To 
stand firm. SJiak. To bear with. To endure. Shak. 

BEAR$, bare. 73. n. s. D\ppa, Sax.] A rough sav- 
age animal. Calmet. The name of two constel- 
lations, called the greater and lesser bear ; in the tail 
of the lesser bear is the pole-star. Creech. A de- 
scription of stock-jobbers, who sell unreal stock. 
Dr. Warton. 

BEAR-BAITING*, bare'-ba-tmg. n. s. The sport 
of baiting bears with dogs. Sluxkspeare. % 

BEAR-BIND, bare'-blnd. n. s. A species of bind- 
weed. 

BEAR-FLY, bare'-fll. n. s. An insect. Bacon. 

BEAR-GARDEN, bare'-gar-dn. n. s. A place in 
which bears are kept for sport. Stillingjleet. Any 
place of tumult. Spectator. 

BEAR-GARDEN, bare'-gar-dn. a. Rude or turbu- 
lent. 

BEAR'S-BREECH, barz'-brltsh. n. s. The name 
of a plant. Miller. 

BEAR : S-EAR, barz'-eer. n. s. The name of a plant. 

BEARS-EAR, or Sanicle. A plant. 

BE AR'S-FOOT, barz'-fut. n, s. A species of helle- 
bore. 

BEAR'S-WORT, barz'-wfirt. 165. n. s. An herb. 

BEARD §, beerd. 228. n. s. [beanb, Sax.] The hair 
that grows on the lips and chin. Prior. Beard is 
used for the face. Hudibras. Beard is used to mark 
age. Shak. Sharp prickles growing upon the ears 
of corn. Shak. A barb on an arrow. The beard 
of a horse is that part which bears the curb of the 
bridle. Farrier's Diet. 

$£?* This word, as Dr. Kenrick observes, is frequently 
pronounced so as to rhyme with herd : but I am of his 
opinion, that this pronunciation is improper. Mr. Scott 
and Mr. Perry give it both ways. Buchanan sounds it 
short, like Mr. Sheridan. W. Johnston makes it rhyme 
with laird, a Scotch lord : but Mr. Elphinston, who 
is the most accurate observer of pronunciation I ever 
met with, gives it as I have done. The stage has, in 
my opinion, adopted the short sound of the diphthong, 
without good reason, and in this instance ought not to 
be followed ; as the long sound is not only more agree- 
able to analogy, but to general usage. I am glad to find 
my opinion confirmed by so good a judge as Mr. Smith ; 
and though the poets so often sacrifice pronunciation 
to rhyme, that their authority, in these cases, is not al- 
ways decisive, yet, as Shakspeare says on another oc- 
casion, 

" They still may help to thicken other proofs 
** That do demonstrate thinly." 

Othello. 
" Rail'd at their covenant, and jeer'd 
" Their reverend persons to my beard." 

Hudibras. 
" Some thin remains of chastity appear'd 
" Ev'n under Jove, but Jove without a beard." 

Dryden. 
The impropriety of pronouncing this word as it is heard 
on the stage, will, perhaps, appear more perceptible by 
carrying this pronunciation into the compounds, as the 
false sound of great may be detected by the phrase Al- 
exander the Great. 241. 

" Old prophecies foretell our fall at band, 
" When bearded men in floating castles land. 
" And as young striplings whip the top for sport, 
m Vd the smooth pavement of ar smpty court, 



" The wooden engine flies and whirls about, 
" Admir'd with clamours of the beardless rout." 

Dryden. W. 
To BEARD, beerd. v. a. To take or pluck by the 

beard. Shak. To oppose to the face. Spenser. 
BE'ARDED, beerd'-ed. a. Having a beard. Shak. 
Having sharp prickles, as corn. Milton. Barbed 
or jagged. Dryden. 
BE'ARDLESS, beerd'-les. a. Without a beard. 

Camden. Youthful. Dryden. 
! BE'ARER, bare'-ur. n. s. A carrier. Shak. One 
employed in carrying burdens. 2 Chronicles. One 
who wears any thing. ShaJc. One who carries the 
body to the grave. Milton. A tree that yields its 
produce. Boyle. A post or brick wall raised up 
between the ends of a piece of timber. [In herald- 
ry.] A supporter. 
BE'ARHERD, bare'-herd. n. s. A man that tends 

bears. Shakspeare. 
BEARING, bare'-lng. n. s. The site of any thing 
with respect to something else. Pope. Gesture ; 
mien. Shak. That which is borne in a coat of 
arms. Toiler. The situation of any object, esti- 
mated from some part of the ship, according to her 
fosition. Chambers. 
'ARING-CLOTH^bare'-ing-klStfi. n. s. The 
cloth with which a child is covered, when carried 
to church to be baptized. SJmkspeare. 
BE'ARISH*, bare'-ish. a. Having the quality of a 

bear. Harris. 
BE'ARLIKE*, bare'-llke. a. Resembling a bear. 

Shakspeare. 
BEARN*, barm n. s. [barn, Goth.] A child. Shak. 
BE'ARWARD, bare'-ward. n.s. A keeper of bears. 

Shakspeare. 
BEASTS, beest. 227. n.s. [beste, Fr.] An animal, 
distinguished from birds, insects, fishes, and man. 
Shakspeare. An irrational animal. Shak. A bru- 
tal, savage man. 
To BEAST, beest. v. a. A term at cards. 
BE'ASTINGS. See Biestings. 
BE'ASTLIKE*, beest'-llke. a. Resembling a beast. 

Mountagu. 
BE'ASTLINESS, b&stMe-nes. n.s. Brutality. 

Spenser. 
BE'ASTLY, beestMe. a. Brutal. Shak. Having 

the nature of beasts. Prior. 
BE'ASTLY*, beestMe. ad. In the manner of a 

beast. Morality of Every Man. 
To BEATS, bete. 227,233. v. a. pret. beat, part, 
pass, beat or beaten, [beat an, Sax.] To strike. 
1 Corinthians. To punish with stripes or blows. 
Shak. To strike an instrument of musick. Shak. 
To bruise. Numbers. To strike bushes or ground, 
or make a motion to rouse game. Bacon. To 
thresh corn. Ruth, ii. To mix things by long and 
frequent agitation. Boyle. To batter with engines 
of war. Judges, viii. To dash as water, or brush 
as wind. Milton. To tread a path. Blackmore. 
To make a path by marking it with tracks. Locke. 
To conquer. Shak. To harass; to over-labour. 
Hakewill. To Jay, or press. Shak. To depress. 
Hayward. To drive by violence. Dryden. To 
move with fluttering agitation. Dryden. To beat 
down. To lessen the price demanded. Dryden 
To beat down. To sink or lessen the value. Bacon. 
To beat up. To attack suddenly. Clarendon. To 
beat the hoof. To walk ; to go on foot. To beat 
into. To repeat often. Barret. 
55= The past time of triis verb is by the English uni- 
formly pronounced like the present. Nay, except in 
solemn language, the present, preterit, and participle, 
are exactly the same ; while the Irish, more agreeably 
to analogy, as well as utility, pronounce the preterit as 
the noun bet, a wager ; and this pronunciation, though 
•contrary to English usage, is quite conformable to that 
general tendency observable in the preterits of irregu- 
lar verbs, which is to shorten the vowel that is long in 
the present, as eat, ate, (often 1 pronounced et ;) hear, 
heard ; deal, dealt; mean, meant; dream, dreamt; 
ice. W. 
To BEAT, bete. v.n. To move in a pulsatory man- 
ner. Collier. To dash as a flood or storm. Dryden. 
127 



BEA 



BED 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk;— pine, phi;— 



To knock at a door. Judges, xix. To move with 
frequent repetitions of the same act or stroke. 
Sluik. To throb ; to be in agitation. Sliak. To 
fluctuate; to be in agitation. Shak. To try differ- 
ent ways ; to search. Addison. To act upon with 
violence. Jonah, iv. To enforce by repetition. 
Hooker. — To beat up for soldiers ; to raise soldiers. 
BEAT, bete part, passive. Dryden. 
BEAT, bete. n.s. Stroke. Manner of striking. 
Grew. Manner of be„ig struck ; as, the beat of 
the pulse, or a drum. [In hunting or fowling.] 
The round taken, when people beat up for game. 
BE'ATEN, be'<tn. 103. part. a. Tracked. Dryden. 
BE'ATER, be'-tflr. 98. n. s. An instrument with 
which any thing is mingled. Moxon. A person 
given to blows. Asclwrn. He that beats for game. 
Butler. 
To BE ATH*, beTHe. v. a. [beSian, Sax.] To bathe I 

or warm in fire so as to harden. Spenser. 

BEATITICAL, be-a-tif-e-kal. ; a. [beatus, Eat.] 

BEATFFICK, be-a-tff-Ik. 509. S Blissful. It is I 

used only of heavenly fruition after death. Milton. I 

BEATFFICALLY, be-a-tlf-e-kal-le. ad. In such! 

a manner as to complete happiness. Hakewill. 
BEATIFIC ATION, be-at'-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. An 
acknowledgement made by the Pope, that the per- 
son beatified is in heaven, and therefore may be 
reverenced as blessed. 
To BEATIFY §, be-at'-e-fl. 183. v. a. To make hap- 
py ; to bless with the completion of celestial enjoy- 
ment. Hammand. To settle the character of any per- 
son by a publick acknowledgement that he is re- 
ceived in heaven, though not invested with the 
dignitv of a saint. Addison. 
BE'ATlNG, bete'-ing. 410. n. s. Correction. B. 

Jonson. 
BEATITUDE, be-at'-e-tude. n.s. Blessedness; 
felicity. Dighy. A declaration of blessedness 
made by orr Saviour to particular virtues. 
BEAU, b6 5245,481. n.s. [beau, Fr.] [plural beaux, 

b6ze.]A man of dress. Dryden. 
BEAU-MONDE*, b6-m6nd / . n.s. [Fr.] The 

gay world. Prior. 
BEAUTSH, b6'-?sh. 245. a. Foppish. 
BEAUTEOUS, biV-tshe-^s. 263. a. Fair; beauti- 
ful. Shakspeare. 
BEAUTEOUSLY, hu'-tshe-us le. ad. In a beau- 
teous manner. Taylor. 
BEAUTEOUSNESS, bu'-tshe-as-n£s. n.s. Beauty. 

Donne. 
BEAU'TIFIER*, bu'-te-fl-er. n.s. That which 

beautifies. Costard. 
BEAUTIFUL, bu'-te-ful. a. Having the qualities 

that constitute beauty. Raleigh. 
BEAUTIFULLY, bu'-te-ful-le. ad. In a beautiful 

manner. Prior. 
BEAUTIFULNESS, bu'-te-ful-nes. n.s. Beauty. 

Hallywell. 
To BEAUTIFY, biV-te-fl. 183/ v. a. To adorn; to 

add beauty to. Hayward. 
To BEAUTIFY, biV-te-fl. v. n. To grow beautiful. 

Addison. 
BEAUTIFYING*, bu'-te-fl-?ng. n. s. The act of 

rendering beautiful. Bp. TaxjTor. 
BEAUTILESS*, ba'-te-les. a. Without beauty. 

Hammond. 
BEAUTY §, bu'-te. n.s. [beaute, FrVJ That assem- 
blage of graces, or proportion of parts, which 
pleases the eye. Locke. A particular grace, or 
leature. Dryden. A beautiful person. Milton. 
To BEAUTY, bu'-te. v. a. ffo beautify. Sliak. 
BEAUTY-SPOT, bu'-te-sp6t. n.s. A spot placed 

to heighten some beauty ; a foil. Grew. 
BEAU'TY-WANING*,bu'-te-wa-nmg. a. Declin- 
ing in beauty. Shakspeare. 
BEAVER §, bee'-vfir. 227, 98. n.s. [bepen, Sax.] 
An animal, whose skin is very valuable on account 
of the fur. Hakewill. A hat made of the fur of 
beaver. Addison. The part of a helmet that cov- 
ers the lower part of the face. Spenser. 
BE'AVERED, bee'-vfird. 362. a. Wearing a bea- 
ver. Pope. 



To BEBLE'ED*, be-bleed'. v. a. To make bloody. 

Chaucer. 
To BEBLO'OD* be-blfid'. ) v. a. To maKe 
To BEBLO'OD Y*, be-blfid'-e. ( bloody. flkeJm. 
To BEBLOT* be-bl&t'. v. a. To stain. Chaucer 

Ob. T. 
BEBLU'BBERED*, be-blub'-berd. part. a. Swoln 

with weeping. Slielton. 
BECAFl'CO, bek-a-fe'-ko. 112. n.s. [Span.] A 

bird like a nightingale, feeding on figs. Pojje. 
To BECA'LM, be-kam'. 403. v. a. To still the ele- 
ments. Dryden. To keep a ship from motion. 
Hammond. To quiet the mind. Philips. To 
calm is to stop motion, and to becalm is to withhold 
from motion. 
BECA'LMING*, be-kam'-?ng. n. s. A calm at sea. 

Sir T. Herbert. 
BECA'ME, be-kame'. The preterit of become. 
BECA'USE, be-kawz'. conjunct, [by and cause.] 
For this reason that ; on this account that; for this 
cause that. Hammond. , 
To BECHA'NCE, be-tshanse'. 352. v. a. To befall 

Shakspeare. 
To BECHA'RM*, be-tshW. v. a. To captivate. 

Beaumont and, Fletcher. 
BE'CHICKS, be'-tshlks. n. s. [/%<*«.] Medicines 

Droper for relieving coughs. Cotgrave. 
To BECK §, bgk. v. n. (peacn Sax.] To make a 

sign with the head. Homily of Prayer. 
To BECK, bek. v. a. To call by a motion of the 

head. Shakspeare. 
BECK, bek. nis. A sign with the head. Milton. A 

nod of command. Sidney. 
BECK*, bek. n.s. [becc, Sax.] A small stream. 

Drayton. 
To RE'CKON, beV-kn. 170. v. n. To make a- sign 

without words. Acts, xix. 
To BE'CKON, bek'-kn. v. a. To make a sign to. 

Spenser. 
BE'CKON*, bek'-kn. 7*. s. A sign without words. 

Bolingbroke. 
To BECLI'P, be-klip'. v. a. [be-cly ppan, Sax.] To 

embrace. Wicklijte. 
To BECLO'UD*, be-kl8ud'. «. a. To dim. Sidney. 
To BECO'ME §, be-kum'. v. n. pret. / became ; comp. 
pret. I have become, [by and come.] To enter into 
some state or condition. Gen. ii. 7. — To become of. 
To be the fate of; to be the end of. Raleigh. To 
go. Bacon. 
To BECO'ME, be-kfim'. v. a. [from be or by, and 
cpemen, Sax.] To please. To appear in a man- 
ner suitable to something. Shakspeare. To be 
suitable to the person ; to befit. Spenser. 
BECO'MING, be-kum'-ming. 410. part. a. Graceful. 

Suckling. 
BECO'MING, be-kfim'-ming. n.s. Ornament. Shak. 
BECO'MINGLY, be-kum'-mmg-le. ad. After a 

becoming manner. More. 
BECO'MINGNESS, be-kom'-ming-nes. n.s. De- 
cency; propriety. Hallywell. 
To BECRl'PPLE*, be-krip'-pi. v. a. To make 

lame. 
To BECU'RL* be-kurl'. v. a. To curl. Seara'u 
BED §, bed. n. s. [beb, Sax.] Something made to 
sleep on. Bacon. Lodging. Sluik. Marriage. 
Clarendon. Bank of earth raised in a garden. 
Bacon. The channel of a river, or any hollow. 
31ilton. The place where any thing is generated, 
or reposited. Addison. A layer ; a stratum. Buy- 
net. — To bring to Bed. To deliver of a child. 
Prior. To make Hie Bed. To put the bed in 
order. Shakspeare. 
To BED, bgd. v. a. To go to bed with. Bp. Patrick. 
To place in bed. Bacon. To make partaker of 
the bed. Bacon. To sow or plant in earth. Mor- 
timer. To lay in a place of rest, or security. 
Donne. To lay in order; to stratify. Shakspeare. 
To BED, bM. v. n. To cohabit. Wiseman. 
To BEDA'BBLE, be-dab'-bl. v. a. To wet, to be 

sprinkle. Shakspeare. 
ToBEDA'FF*, be-daf. v. a. [dappe, Sax.] To 
make a fool of. Cluxuce-r. 
128 



BED 



BEE 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t ;— liibe, tub, bull ; — 6il ; — pound ; — thiu, thjs. 



To BEDA'GGLE, be-dag'-gl. v. a. To bemire. 

Richardson. 
To BED A RE*, bc-daie'. v. a. To defy} to dare. 

Peek. 
ToBEDA'RK^be-dark'. v. a. To darken. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
To BEDA'SH, be-dash'. v. a. To bemire j to be- 
spatter. Shakspeare. 
To BEDA'WB, be-dawb'. v. a. To dawb over. 

Shakspeare. 
To BEDA'ZZLE, be-daz'-zl. v. a. To make the 

sigfht dim by too much lustre. SJiakspeare. 
BE DCH AMBER, bed'-tshame-bur. n.s. The cham- 
ber appropriated to rest. Hen/ward. 
BEDCLOTHES, bed'-cl6ze. n.s. Coverlets spread 

over a bed. Shakspeare. 
BE'DDER, bed'-dur. ) n. s. The nether-stone 

BEDE'TTER, be-dei'-tur. \ of an oilmill. 
BEDDING, bed'-ding. 410. n. s. [bebbin£, Sax.] 

The materials of a bed. Spenser. 
To BEDE'AD^be-deM'. v. a. To deaden. Halhjwell. 
To BEDE'CK, be-dek'. v. a. To deck. Shakspeare. 
BE'DEHOUSE, bede'-hduse. n.s. [bebe, Sax.] 

An hospital or alms-house. 
BEDEL. See Beadle. 
BE DELRY* be'-dl-re.rc..?.The extent of a beadle's 

office. Blovnt. 
To BEDE'WS, be-du'. v. a. To moisten gently. 

Shakspeare. 
BEDE'WER*, be-du'-fir. n. s. That which bedews. 

Shencood. 
BEDE'WY* be-du/-e. a. Moist with dew. Brewer's 

Linsyia. 
BEDFELLOW, bed'-fel-lo. n. s. One that lies in 

the same bed. Shakspeare. 
BE'DHANGINGS* b&l'-hang-ingz. n. s. Curtains. 

Shakspeare. 
To BEDI'GHT, be-dlte'. v. a. To adorn ; to dress. 

More. 
7l> BEDI'M, be-dim'. v. a. To make dim. Sidney. 
To BEDFSMAL* be-diz'-mal. v. a. To make dis- 
mal. Student, ii. 
To BEDIZEN, be-d?z'-zn. 103. v. a. [from dizen.] 

To dress out. Headley. 
BEDLAMS, Wd'-lum. 88. n.s. [corrupted from 
Bethlehem, the name of a religious house in Lon- 
don, converted afterwards into an hospital for the 
mad.] A madhouse. Spelman. A madman. SJiak. 
BE'DLAM, bed'-l&m. a. Belonging to a madhouse. 

Shakspeare. 
BEDLAMITE, bed'-lfim-lte. 155. n.s. A madman. 

B. Jonson. 
BE'DMAKER, bed'-ma-kur. n. s. A person in the 
universities, whose office it is to make the beds. 
Spectator-. 
BE'DMATE, bed'-mate. n. s. A bedfellow. Shak. 
BE'DMOULDING, bed'-m6ld-mg. ) 

BEDDING-xMOULDING, bed'-dlng-mold-lng. $ 
n. s. Those members in the cornice which are 
placed below the coronet. Builder's Dictionarij. 
To BEDO'TE*, be-dote'. v. a. To make to dole. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
BE'DPOST, bed'-post. n. s. The post at the corner 
of the bed, which supports the canopy. Wiseman. 
BE'DPRESSER, becl'-pre^-sur. n . s. A heavy, lazy 

fellow. Shakspeare. 
To BEDRA'GGLE, be-drag'-gl. 405. v. a. To soil 
the clothes, by suffering them, in walking, to reach 
the dirt. Swift. 
To BEDRE'NCH, be-drensh'. v. a. To drench. 

Sliakspeare. 
BE'DRID, b&d'-rld. a. [bebpiba, Sax.] Confined to 

the bed by age or sickness. SJiakspeare. 
BE'DROOM* bSd'-room 



n. s. A bedchamber. 
The privilege of the 



BE'DRITE, bed'-rlte 
marriage bed. 

To BEDRO P, be-drop'. v. a. To besprinkle. Chau- 
cer. 

BE'DSIDE* bed'-slde. n.s. The side of the bed. 
Middleton. 

BE'DSTEAD, betf-stgd. n. s. The frame on which 
the bed is placed. Swift. 



BE'DSTRAW, bed'-straw. n.s. The straw laid 

under a bed to make it soft. Bacon. 
BEDSWE RVER, bed'-swer-vur. n. s. One that is 

false to the bed. Sliakspeare. 
BE DTIME, bed'-tlme. n. s. [bebfcib, Sax.] The 

hour of rest. Shakspeare. 
To BEDU'CK* be-dfik'. v. a. To put under water 

Spenser. 
To BEDU'NG, be-dfing'. v. a. Tb manure with 

dung. Bp. Hall. 
7b BEDU'SK*, be-d&sk'. v. a. To smutch. Cot 

grave. Ob. T. 
To BEDU'ST, be-dust ; . v. a. To sprinkle with dust. 

Sherwood. 
BE DWARD, bed'-ward. ad. Toward bed. Slink. 
To BEDWA'RF, be-dwarf . i». a. To make little. 



BEDWORK, bSd'-wurk. n. s. Work done in bed ; 
work performed without toil of the hands. Shak. 

To BEDY'E* US', v. a. To stain. Spenser. 

BEES, bee. n.s. [beo,Sax.] The animal that makes 
honey. Sha/c. An industrious and careful person. 

BEE-EATER, bee'-e-tur. «. s. A bird that feeds 
upon bees. 

BEE-FLOWER, bee'-flou-ur. n.s. A species of 
fool stones. Miller. 

BEE-GARDEN, bee'-gar-dn. 103. «. s. A place to 
set hives of bees in. Mortimer. 

BEE-HIVE, bee'-hlve. n. s. The case m which bees 
are kept. Shakspeare. 

BEE-MASTER, bee'-ma-stfir. n. s. One that keeps 
bees. Mortimer. 

BEECH §, beetsh. n.s. [bece, or boc, Sax.] A tree 
that bears mast, which is good to fallen swine and 
deer. Miller. 

BE'ECHEN, bee'-tshn. 103. a. [becen, Sax.] Be- 
longing to the beech. Congreve. 

BEEFS, beef. n.s. [bceuf, Fr.] The flesh of black 
cattle prepared for food. Shak. An ox, bull, or 
cow, considered as fit for food. Veut. xiv. 

BEEF, beef. a. Consisting of the flesh of black cat- 
tle. Swift. 

BEEF-EATER, beef-e-tur. n.s. [beaufctier, one 
who attends at the sideboard.] A yeoman of the 

BFJEF-W1TTED, beef-w?t-lecL a. Dull; stupid. 
Shakspeare. 

BEELD*, beeld. n. s. [behhban, Sax.] Protection ; 
refuge. Fairfax. 

BF/EMOL, bee'-m&l. n.s. In musick, a half note 
Bacon. 

BEEN, bin. [beon, Sax.] The participle preterit 
of To Be. Pope. [The present tense plural of To 
Be. Spenser. Ob.J.) 

55= This word, in the solemn, as well as the familiar 
style, has shared the fate of most of those words, which, 
from their nature, are in the most frequent use. It is 
scarcely ever heard otherwise than as the noun bin, a 
repository for corn or wine, and must be placed among 
those deviations, which language is always liable to in 
such words as are auxiliary or'subordinate to others ; 
for, as those parts of bodies which are the most fre- 
quently handled grow the soonest smooth by constant 
friction, so such Words as are in continual use seem to 
wearofftheir articulations, and become more irregular 
than others. So low as the age of James the First, I 
have seen this word spelled byn. TV. 

BEER, beer. n.s. [Mr, Welsh.] Liquor made of 
malt and hops. Shakspeare. 

BE'ERBARREL* beer'-bar-ril. 
which holds beer. Shakspeare. 

BEERHOUSE*, beer'-house. n. 
Gascoigne. 

BE'ESTINGS. See Biestings. 

BEET, beet. n.s. [beta, Lat.] The name of a plant. 
Miller. 

BE'ETLE $, bee'-tl. 405. n. s. [by eel, Sax.] An insect 
distinguished by having hard cases or sheaths, un- 
der which he folds his wings. Sliak. Heavy mal- 
let, or hammer. Sliakspeare. 

To BE'ETLE, bee'-tl. v.n. To jut out. SJiakspeare. 

BE'ETLEBROW* bee'-tl-brdu. n. s. A prominent 
brow. Sir R. FansJiawe. 

129 



n. s. A barrel 
s. An alehouse. 






BEG 



BEH 



0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



BE'ETLEBROWED^ee'-tl-broud. 362. a. Having 

prominent brows. Howell. 
BEETLE HEADED, bee'-tl-hed-ed. a. Logger- 

headed; wooden-headed. Sliakspeare. 
BE'ETLESTOCK, bee / -tl-st6k. n. s. The handle of 

a beetle. Spenser. 
BE'ETRAVE, beef -rave. ) n , A _ lant 

BE'ETRADISH^eet'-rad-lsh. \ n ' s ' A plant 
BE'EVES, be^fe. n.s. [The plural of beef.] Black 

cattle ; oxen. Milton. 
To BEFA'LL, be-fawF. t?; a. [bepeallan, Sax.] To 

happen to. Sliakspeare. To happen to, as good or 

neutral. Bacon. 
To BEFA'LL, be-fawl'. v. n. To happen ; to come 

to pass. — To be/all of. To become of; to be the 

state or condition of : a phrase little used. 
To BEFIT, be-fit'. v. a. To suit ; to become. Shak. 
To BEFO'AM*, be-f6me'. v.a. To cover with foam. 

Eusden. 
To BEFOOL, be-f66l'. v. a. To infatuate ; to fool. 

Mountagu. 
BEFORE §, be-fore', prep, [beropan, Sax.] Far- 
ther onward. Dryden. In the front of. Milton. In 

the presence of. Dryden. In sight of. Sliak. Un- 
der the cognizance of. Aylife. In the power of. 

Milton. By the impulse of something behind. 

Shak. Preceding in time. Dryden. In preference 

to. Hooker. Prior to. Superiour to. 
BEFORE, »-e-f6re<. ad. Sooner than. Milton. In 

time past. Dryden. In some time lately past. Hale. 

Previously to. Swift. To this time. Hitherto. 

Dryden. Already. Dryden. Farther onward in 

place. Sliakspeare. 
BEFOREHAND, be-fore'-hind. ad. In a state of 

anticipation. Hudibras. Previously; by way of 

preparation. Hooker. Antecedently. Atterbury. 

In a state of accumulation. Bacon. At first. 

L' Estrange. 
BEFO'RETIME, be-fbre'-tlme. ad. Formerly. 1 

Samuel. 
To BEFO'RTUNE, be-fcV-tshune. 461. v. n. To 



happen to. Sliakspeare. 
To BEFO'UL, be-fdul'. 



a. [bepylan, Sax.] To 
v. a. To favour ; to be 



TbBEFRFEND, be-frend'. 

kind to. Sliakspeare. 
To BEFRFNGE, be-frinje'. v.a. To decorate with 

fringes. Fuller. 
To BEG §, beg. v. n. [beggeren, Germ.] To live upon 

alms. Luke, xvi. 
To BEG, beg. v. a. To ask. Matthew, xxvii. To 

take any thing for granted. Burnet. 
To BEGET §, be-geV. v. a. begot, or begat, [beg'et- 
fcan, Sax.] To generate ; to procreate. Spenser. 
To produce, as effects. Shak. To produce, as ac- 
cidents. Denlutm. 
BEGE'TTER, be-gei'-tftr. 98. n. s. He that procre- 
ates. Dryden. 
BE'GGABLE^beg'-ga-bl. a. What may be begged. 

Butler. 
BE GGAR, beg'-g&r. 418. n. s. One who lives upon 
alms. Sam. A petitioner. Dryden. One who as- 
sumes what he does not prove. TiUotson. 
To BE'GGAR, beg'-g&r. v.a. To reduce to begga- 
ry. Shak. To deprive. Shak. To exhaust. Shak. 
To drive by impoverishing. Bolingbroke. 
BE'GGAR-MAID*, beg'-gfir-made. n.s. A maid 

who is a beggar. Sliakspeare. 
BE GGAR-MAN*, beg'-g&r-man. n.s. A man who 

is a beggar. Shakspeare. 
BE'GGAR-WOMAN*, beg'-g&r-wum-un. n.s. She 

who is a beggar. Sliakspeare. 
BE'GGARLINESS, beg'-g&r-le-nes. n.s. Mean- 
ness; poverty. Barret. 
BE GGARLY, beg'-gur-le. a. Mean ; poor. Shak. 
BE GGARLY, beg'-gur-le. ad. Meanly. Hooker. 
BEGGARY, beg'-g&r-e. n. s. Indigence. Sidney. 
BEGI'LT*, be-gilt'. part. a. Gilded. B. Jonson'. 
To BEGINS, be-gliV. v.n. 1 began, or begun; I 
have begun, (beftmnan, SaxJ To enter upon 
something^ new. Bp. Taylor. To commence any 
action. Ezelckl, ix. To enter upon existence. 



Dryden. To have its original. Blackmcre. To 

take rise; to commence. Dryden. To come : rto 

act. Dryden. 
To BEGPN, be-gln'. v.a. To do the first act of any 

thing. Pope. To trace from, as the first ground. 

Locke. To enter upon. Government of the Tongue. 
BEGPN*, be-gln'. n. s. For beginning. Spenser. 

BEGFNNER, be-gln'-nfir. 95. n.s. He that gives 
the first cause. Spenser. An unexperienced at- 
tempted Sidney. 

BEGINNING, be-gln'-nlng. 410. n.s. The first orig- 
inal or cause. Swift. The entrance into act, or 
being. Genesis, i. The state in which any thing 
first is. Denfiam. The rudiments, or first grounds. 
Dryden. The first part of any thing. Broome. 

BEGI'NNINGLESS*, be-gln'-ning-les. a. What 
hath no beginning. Barrow. 

To BEGl'RD, be-gerd'. 160. v.a. I begin, or begird- 
ed. [be£ypban, Sax.] To bind with a girdle. To 
surround. Milton. To shut in with a siege. Clar- 
endon. 

To BEGPRT, be-gert'. v. a. To begird. B. Jonson. 

BE'GLERBEG, beg'-ler-beg. n.s. [Turkish.] 
The chief governour of a province among the 
Turks. Ricaud. 

To BEGNA'W, be-naw'. v.a. [be£na#an 7 Sax.] 
To bite ; to eat away. Shakspeare. 

BEGO'NE, be-gon'. interj. Go away; hence; haste 
away. Cliaucer. 

BEGO RED*, be-g6rd'. part. a. Smeared with gore. 
Spenser. 

BEGO'T, be-got'. ' ) The participle pas- 

BEGO TTEN, be-g6t'-tn. 103. } sive of the verb 
beget. Ecclus. viii. 

To BEGRA'VE*, be-grave'. v. a. [begraven, Teut.l 
To bury. Goiver. To engrave. Gower. Ob. 1 . 

To BEGRE'ASE, be-greze'. v.a. To soil or daub 
with fat matter. Minslieu. 

To BEGRIME, be-grlme'. 160. v.a. To soil with 
dirt deep impressed. Crowley. 

To BEGRUDGE*, be-gr&dje'. v.a. To envy 
Standard of Equality. 
I To BEGUILE, be-gyile'. 160. v.a. To impose upon. 
Colossians, ii. To deceive. Sliakspeare. To 
amuse. Sliakspeare. 

BEGUFLER*, be-gylle'-ar. n.s. One who beguiles. 

To BEGUFLTY*, be-gll'-te. v. a. To render guilty. 
Bp. Sanderson. 

BE' G U1N* , ba'-gln. n. s. [beguin, Fr.] A nun of 
a particular order. Colgrave. 

BEGU'N, be-gfin'. The preterperfect tense of begin. 
Sir J. Davies. 

BEHA'LF, be-haf. 78,403. n.s. [behepe, Sax.] 
Favour ; cause favoured. ClareuLon. Vindication ; 
support. Sidney. 

To BEHA'PPEN*, be-hap'-pn. v. n. To happen to. 
Spcnsei'. 

To BEHA'VE$, be-have'. v.a. [pel-behopen,Sa*.] 
To carry ; to conduct. 2 Maccabees, ii. To sub- 
due ; to discipline. Spenser. 

To BEHA'VE, be-have'. v.n. To act; to conduct 
one's self. 

BEHA'VIOUR, be-have'-yur. 294. n.s. Manner of 
behaving one's self. Sidney. External appear 
ance. Sidney. Gesture. Sidney. Elegance of 
manners. Bacon. General practice. Locke. 

To BEHE'AD, be-hed'. v. a. To deprive of the head. 
Clarendon. 

To BEHE'L*, be-hel'. v. a. To torture as with the 



pains of hell. Hewyt. 
be-h&d'. 



part, passive, from behold. 



BEHE'LD, 

Pope. 

EEHE'MOTH, be'-he-m&tfi. n.s. [Heb.] The ele- 
phant. Calmet. 

BE'HEN, be'-hen. ) n. s. Valerian roots. Also a 

BEN, ben. ) fruit resembling the tamarisk. 

Diet. 

BEHE'ST, be-hSst'. n. s. [be and haere, Sax.] Com- 
mand ; precept. Sidney. 

2b BEllFGHT, be-hlte'. v.a. prel.be1iot.parl.be- 
hight. [behefcan, Sax.] To promise. Spenser. To 
130 



BEL 



BEL 



— n6, move, n6r, not ;— tube, t6b, bull 5 — ftll ;— pdund;— thin, 



intrust. Spenser. To call ; to name. Spenser. 
To command. Spenser. To adjudge. Spenser. ! 
To address. Spenser. To inform. Chaucer. To 
mean. Mir. for Magistrates. To reckon. Spenser. 
BEHIND $, be-hlnd 7 : [See Wind.] prep, [behm- 
dan, Sax.] At the back of. Knolles. On the back 

?arl. Mark, v. Towards the back. Judges, xx. 
'ollowing another. 2 Samuel, iii. Remaining- af- 
ter the departure of. Shak. Remaining after 
death. Pope. At a distance from something. 
Dryden. lnferiour to. Hooker. On the other side 
of. Drtiden. 
BEHIND, be-hlnd'. ad. Out of sight. Locke. Most 
of the former senses may become adverbial by sup- 
pressing the accusative case ; as. I left my money 
behind, or behind me. 
BEHINDHAND, be-hlnd'-hand. ad. In a state in 
which rent or profit, or any advantage, is antici- 
pated. Locke. Not upon equal terms, with regard 
to forwardness. Spectator. Backward ; tardy. 
Shakspeare. 
To BEHO'LDS, be-h6ld'. v. a. pret. I behdd, 1 have 
beheld, or belwlden. [behealban, Sax.] To view ; 
to see. in an emphatical sense. Ezckiel, xl. 
BEHOLD. bz-hokV. inter]. See; lo. Milton. 
BEHO'LDEN, be-h6l'-dn. 103. part. a. [gehouden, 
Dutch.] Obliged ; bound in gratitude. Shakspeare. 
BEHO'LDER. be-h6l'-dur. n. s. Spectator. Shak. 
REHO'LDING, be-h6l'-d'mg. 410. a. Obliged. 
BEHOLDING, be-h6l'-dlng. n. s. Obligation. Ca- 
ret v. 
BEHOLDINGNESS, be-h6ld'-mg-nes. n.s. The 

state of being obliged. Donne. 
To BEHO'NEY*. be-hfin'-ne. v. a. To sweeten 

with honey. Shencood. 
BE HOOF §, be-h66t\ n. s. [behepe, Sax.] That 

which behoves ; profit; advantage. Spenser. 
BEHO OVABLE*, be-ho5v'-a-bl. a. Fit ; expedient. 
ToBEHO'OVE, be-h6iV. v.n. [behopan, Sax.] 

To be fit ; lo be meet. Hooker. 
BEHO'OVEFUL, be-h66v'-ful. a. Useful 3 profita- 
ble. Spenser. 
BEHO'OVEFULLY, be-hodv'-ful-le. ad. Usefully. 

SjKnser. 
BEHO'T* be-hot', preterit of beliight. To promise. 

Sjxnser. 
BEHO'VABLE*, be-hd6v'-a-bl. a. Profitable ; use- 
ful. 
BEHO'VE*, be-hS6v'. n.s. Advantage; behoof. 

Gascoigne. Ob. T. 
To BEHOVED, be-hoov'. v.n. [behopan, Sax.] 

To be fit ; to be meet. Wicklitfe. 
BEHO'VEFUL*, be-h66v'-ful. a. Fit; expedient. 

Bp. Sanderson. 
BEHO'VELY*, be-h66v'-le. a. Profitable. Gower. 
To BEHO' WL*, be-h6iil'. v. n To howl at. Shak. 
BE TNG, be'-lng. 410. particip. [beonb, Sax.] Exist- 
ing. Atterbury. 
BE'lNG, be'-Ing. n.s. Existence. Hooker. A par- 
ticular state. Dryden. The person existing. Dry- 
den. 
BF/ING, be'-Ing. conjunct. Since. Pearson. 
BE'ING-PLACE*, Be'-mg-plase. n.s. An exist- 
ence. Spenser. 
BE IT SO, be'-it-s6. A phrase of anticipation, sup- 
pose it be so ; or of permission, let it be so. Sliak. 
To BEJA'DE*, be-jade'. v.a. To tire. Milton. 
To BEJA'PE*, be-jape'. r. a. To laugh at ; to de- 
ceive. Cluiucer. Ob. T. 
To BEKI'SS* be-kls'. v.a. To salute. B. Jonson. 
To BEKNA'VE*, be-nave'. v.a. To call knave 

Pom. 
ToBEKNO'W*, be-n6'. v.a. To acknowledge 

Oiaucer. Ob. T. 
To BELABOUR, be-lk'-b&r. v.a. To beat; to 

thump. Drvden. 
Tc BELA'CE, be-lase'. v.a. To fasten. Diet. 
BELA'CED*, be-laste'. part. a. Adorned with lace 

Beaumont. 
To BELA'M*, be-lam'. v. a. To beat ; to bang. 
BE'LAMY, bel'4-me. n. s. [bel amie, Fr.] A friend 
an intimate. Spenser. Ob. J. 



BET. AMOUR, beT-a-moor. n.s. [bel amour, Fr.l 

Gallant; consort. Spenser. 
To BELA'TE$#, be-late', v.a. To retard; to make 

too late. Dav-enant. 
BELA'TED, be-la'-tid. a. Benighted. Milton. 
BELA'TEDNESS*. be-la'-lSd-nSs. n. s. Slowness 

Milton. 
To BELA'VE*, be-lave'. v. a. To wash. Cockeram 
To BELA'WGIVE* be-law'-glv. v.a. To give a 

law to. Milton. 
To BELA'Y,be-la'. v.a. To block up. Dryden. To 

attack ; to besiege. Gmver. To decorate ; to lay 

over. Spenser. 
To BELAY a rope. [Sea term.] To splice ; to mend 

a rope, by laying one end over another. 
To BELCH §, mm. v.n. [bealcan, Saxj To eject 

the wind from the stomach. Davies. To issue out 

as by eructation. Psalm lix. 
To BELCH, belsh. v. a. To throw out from the stom- 
ach. Shakspeare. 
BELCH, belsh. 352. n.s. The act of eructation. A 

cant term for malt liquor. Dennis. 
BE'LCHING*, belsh'-fng. n. s. Eructation. Barret. 
BE'LDAM, bef-dam. 88. n. s. [belle dame, Fr.] An 

old woman. Shakspeare. A hag. Sidney. 
To BELE'AGUER*,be-le'-gur. v.a. [beleggeren. 

Dutch.] To besiege. Dryden. 
BELE' AGURER, be-le'-g&r-ur. n. s. One that be 

sieges a place. Sherwood. 
To BELE'AVE*, be-leve'. v. a. To leave. May. 
To BELEE', be-lee'. v. a. To place in a direction 

unsuitable to the wind. Shakspeare. 
BELEMNPTES, be-lem-nl'-tez. n, s. [fc'Aoj.] Ar- 
row-head, or finger-stone. 
To BELE'PER*, be-lep'-pur. v.a. To infect with 

the leprosy. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
BE'LFLOWER, bel'-fl6ur. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
BE'LFOUNDER, bel'-f6un-dur. n. s. He who 

founds or casts bells. Bacon. 
BE'LFRY, beF-fre. n.s. [belfroii, old Fr.] The 

flace where the bells are rung. Gay. 
LGA'RD, bel-gard'. n.s. [belle egard, Fr.] A 
soft glance. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To BELPBEL*, be-ll'-bel. v.a. To traduce. Fuller 

To BELLE, be-U'. v. a. To counterfeit. Dryden. To 
give the lie to. Dryden. To calumniate. ShaJc. 
To give a false representation of. Shakspeare. To 
fill with lies. Shakspeare. 

BELI'EF, be-leei 7 . n. s. Credit given. Wotton. The 
theological virtue of faith. Hooker. Religion, 
Llooker. Persuasion ; opinion. Milton. The thing 
believed. Bacon. A form containing the articles 
offailh. 

BELPEVABLE, be-lee'-va-bl. a. Credible. Sher- 
wood. 

To BELFEVE$, be-leev'. v.a. feelypan, Sax.] To 
creuit. Locke. To put confidence in. Exodus, 
xix. 

To BELPEVE, be-leev 7 . v.n. To have a firm per 
suasion of. Exod. iv. To exercise the theological 
virtue offailh. Rcnnans, x. 

BELPEVER, be-lee'-vur. 98. n. s. He that believes. 
Hooker. A professor of Christianity. Hooker. 

BELI'EVINGLY, be-lee'-ving-le. ad. After a be- 
lieving manner. 

BELPKE, be-like', ad. Probablv. Sidney. 

BELI'KELY*. be-like'-le. ad. Frobably. Bp. Hall. 

BELPVE, be-llve'. ad. [bilive, Sax.] Speedily; 
quickly. Spenser. 

BELL§, bfil. n.s. [bel, Sax.] A vessel, or hollow 
body of cast metal, formed to make a noise by the 
act of some instrument striking against it. Shak. 
Any thing in the form of a bell, as trie cups of flow- 
ers. Sliak. A small hollow globe of metal perfo- 
rated, and containing in it asolid ball, which, when 
it is shaken, by bounding against the sides, gi-es 
a sound. Slutk. — To bear the bell. To be the firsi 
Spenser. 

To BELL, bel. v. n. To grow in buds in the form of 
a bell. Mortimer. 

BELL-FASHIONED, bel'-fash-find. a. Having the 
form of a bell. Mrriimer. 
131 



BEL 



BEN 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, rah ;— pine, pin 



[Ital.] The 



BELLADO'NNA*, bel-la-ddn'-na. n. s, 

deadly nightshade. 
BELLE, bel n.s. [beau, belle, Fr.] A smart "young 

lady. Pope. 
BE'LLED* b&d. a. Having bells affixed to it. 
BELLES LET TRES, bef-la'-tur. n.s. [Fr.] Po- 
lite literature. Taller. 
BE'LLIBONE, bel'-le-b6ne. n. s. [belle and bonne, 
Fr.] A woman excelling both in beauty and good- 
ness. Spenser. Ob. J. 
BELLFGERANT, bgl-lfdje'-e-rant. 518. ? n 
BELLFGEROUS, be^-lidje'-e-rfis. 314, 518. ) a ' 

[bellig-erans, Lat.] Waging war. Diet. 
ZbBELLFGERATE* bel-lldjV-e-rate. v.n. To 

make war. Cockemm. 
BELLFGERENT* bel-lidjV-e-r&n. a. Carrying on 

war. Ld. Chesterfield. 
BE'LLING, beT-lmg. n.s. [bellan, Sax.] The noise 

of a roe, in rutting time. Diet. 
BELLFPOTENT, bel-%'-p6-tent. 518. a. [bellipo- 

tens, Lat.] Puissant } mighty in war. Diet. 
BELLIQUE*, beT-lik. a. (bellique, old Fr.] War- 
like ; martial. Feltham. 
BE'LLITUDE*, belMe-tude. n 

Beauty. Cotkeram. Ob. T. 
To BE'LLOW, beT-16. 327. v. n 
make a noise as a bull. Shak. 
lent outcry. Shak. To vociferate. Dryden 
roar as the sea. Spenser. 
BE'LLOW*, belMo. n. s. Roar. 
BELLOWING* beT-16-mg. n.s. Loud noise ; 

roaring. Sir T. Herbert. 
BE'LLOWS, beJM&s. n. s. [balgs, balgeis, Goth.] 
The instrument used to blow the fire. Sidney. 

$C]r The last syllable of this word, like that of gallows, 
is corrupted beyond recovery into the sound of lus. IV. 

BE'LLUINE, belMu-lne. 149. a. [belluinus, Lat.] 
Beastly. Atterbury. 

BE'LLY^beT-le. 182. n.s. [balg 
part of the human body which reaches 
breast to the thighs, containing the bowels. Shak. 
In beasts, thatpart of the body next the ground. 
Genesis,in. The womb. Shak. That part of man 
which requires food. Hayivard. The part of any 
thing that swells out into a larger capacity. Bacon. 
Any place in which something is enclosed. Jonah, 



s. [belliiudo, Lat.] 

fbellan, Sax.] To 
To make any vio- 
To 



Goth.) That 
from the 



To swell into a larger ca- 
a. To fill; to swell out. 



To BE'LLY, belMe. v 

pacity. Manilius. 
7'oBE'LLY*, bel'-le. 

Shakspeare. 
BE'LLYACHE, b&Me-ake. 355. ». 5. The cholick. 

Beaumont, and Fletclier. 
BE'LLYBAND*, beiMe-baiid. n. s. The girth which 

fastens the saddle of a horse in harness. Sherwood. 
BE'LLYBOUND, bel'-le-b6und. a. Costive. 
BE'LLYCHEER*, bel'-le-tsheer. n.s. Good cheer. 

Chaucer. 
BELLY-FRETTING, beT-le-fVSt-ting. n.s. The 

chafing of a horse's belly with the foregirt. A great 

pain in a horse's belly, caused bv worms. Diet. 
BE'LLYFUL, beT-le^ful. n. s. As much food as fills 

the belly. 
BE'LLYGOD, belMe-g&d. n.s. A glutton. Halce- 

will. 
BE'LLY-PINCHED, bef-le-plntsht. a. Starved. 

Shakspeare. 
BE LLYROLL ? bef -le-r6le. n. s. A roll so called 

from entering into the hollows. Mortimer. 
BE'LLYSLA VE*, belMe-slave. n.s, A slave to the 

appetites. Homily. 
BE'LLYTIMBER, belMe-um-bfir. n. s. Food. Hu- 

dibras. 
BE LLYWORM, bgl'-le-wurm. n. s. A worm that 

breeds in the belly. Ray. 
BE'LMAN, b&'-man. 88. n, s. He whose business 

it is to proclaim any thing, and to gain attention by 

ringing his bell. Shakspeare. 
BE'LMETAL, ber-mgt-t]. 405. n. s. The metal of 

which bells are made ; being a mixture of five parts 

copper with one of pewter. Bacon. 



To BELO'CK, be-lok'. v. a. [belocen, Sax.] To fasten 
with a lock. Gower. 

BE'LOMANCY, bef-16-man-se. n.s. [fromfr'Xoc and 
uavrsia J Divination by arrows. Brown. 

To BELO'NG $, be-long', v. n. [belangen, Dutch.] To 
be the property of. Ruth, ii. To be the province 
or business of. Sliak. To adhere to. St. Luke, ix. 
To have relation to. 1 Sam. xxx. To be the qual- 
ity of. Cheyne. 

BELONGING* be-long'-fng. n.s. Quality. Shak. 

To BELO VE*, be-hV. v. a. To love. Ob. T. 

BELO'VED, be-hV-ecl. pan. Loved ; dear. Shak. 

#5" This word, when an adjective, is usually pronounced 
in three syllables, as, a beloved son ; and when a parti 
ciple in two, as, he was much beloved. See Principle* 
No. 362. W. 

BELOW, be-UV. prep. Under in place, time, or dig- 
nity. Shak. Inferiour excellence. Felton. Unwor- 
thy of. Dryden. 

BELO'W, be-16'. ad. In the lower place. Bacon. 

On earth. Smith. In hell. Dryden. 
To BELOWT, be-lSut'. v. a. To treat with oppro- 
brious language. Camden. Ob. J. 

BE LRINGER*, bel'-rir.g-ur. n. s. He who rings 
bells. Bah. 

BELSWA'GGER, bel-swag'-gur. n. s. A whore- 
master. Dryden. 

BELT§, b&t.n.s. [belt, Sax.] A girdle. Shakspeare. 

To BELT*, b£lt. v. a. To encircle. Warton. 

BE'L WETHER, beT-werH-ur. n. s. A sheep which 
leads the flock with a bell on his neck. Spenser. 

To BELY'. See To Belie. 

BE' MA*, be'-ma. n. s. [%a.] Chancel. Sir G. 
Wlieler. 

To BEMA'D, be-mad'. v. a. To make mad. Shak. 

To BEMA'NGLE^be-mang'-gl. v. a. To tear asun- 
der. Beaumont. 

To BEMA'SK*, be-mask'. v. a. To hide 3 to conceal. 
Shelton. 

To BEMA'ZE*, be-maze'. v. a. To bewilder. Cmv- 
per. 

To BEMF/TE*, be-mete'. v. a. To measure. Shak. 

To BEMFNGLE*, be-mfn'-gl. v. a. To mix. Mirror 
for Magistrates. 

To] 



a. To drag in the mire. 
a. To cover as with a 
a. [bemsenan, Sax.] To 



BEMFRE, be-mW. 
Bp. Taylor. 
To BEMFST*, be-nuV. 

mist. Feltham. 
ToBEMO'AN^e-m&ne' 

lament. Job, xlii. 
BEMO'ANABLE*, be-mone'-a-bl. a. That which 

may be lamented. Sherwood. 
BEMO'ANER, b£-m<V-nur. 98. n. s. A lamenter. 
BEMO'ANING*, be-m6ne'-ing. n. s. Lamentation. 

Bp. Hall. 
To BEMO'CK, be-mSk'. v. a. To treat with mocks 

Shakspeare. 
To BEMO'CK at*, v. n. To laugh at. Shakspeare. 
To BEMOIL, be-m6iF. v. a. [be and moil, from 

mouiller, Fr.] To bemire. Sluikspeare. 
To BEMONSTER, be-mons'-tfir. v. a. To make 

monstrous. Shakspeare. 
To BEMOURN^be-morne^.a. [bimojinan, Sax.] 

To weep over. Wicliffe. 
BEMUSED, be-muz'oy. 359. a. Overcome with 

musing. Pope. 
BEN*. fSax.] Used for are, been, and to be. 
BENCH §, bensh. 352. n. s. [bene, Sax.] A seat, dis- 
tinguished from a stool by its greater length. Sppi- 

ser. A seat of justice. SliaJc. The persons sitting 

on a bench. Dryden. 
To BENCH, bensh. v. a. To furnish with benches. 

Dryden. To seat upon a bench. Shakspeare. 
BE'NCHER^eV-shur. 98. n. s. Those gentlemen of 

the inns of court are called bencfiers, who have been 

readers. Blount. The alderman of a corporation. 

Ashmole. A judge ; one who sits on the bench of 
justice. Shakspeare. 
To BEND §, b^nd. v. a. pret. bended or bent ; part. 

pass, landed, or bent, [benban, Sax.] To make 

crooked. Dryden. To direct to a certain point. 

Shak. Pope. To apply to a certain purpose. 



W° 



BEi\ 



BEQ 



-n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tab, bull ;— 611 ; — pdund ; — thin, thi's. 



Hooker. To put any thing in order for use. Sluxk. 
To incline. Pope. To bow. Shak. To subdue. 
To BEND, b£nd. v. n. To be incurvated. Sandys. 
To lean or jut over. Shak. To resolve. Dryden. 
To be submissive. IsaiaJi, lx. 
BEND, bend. n. s. Flexure. Sliak. The crooked 
timbers which make the ribs or sides of a ship. 
Skinner. [With heralds.] One of the eight honoura- 
ble ordinaries, containing a fifth when uncharged ; 
but when charged, a third part of the escutcheon. 
Harris. 
BEND*, bead! n. s. A band or company. Spenser. 
BEND*, be'nd. n. s. A provincialism for bent. FLdclier. 

BE'NDABLE, ben'-da-bl. 405. a. That may be in- 
curvated. Sherwood. 

BE NDER, ben'-dur. n. s. 98. He who bends. Spen- 
ser. The instrument with which any thing is bent. 
Wilkins. The muscles called benders. 

BE'NDLET*. bend'-let. ». s. [In heraldry.] The 
diminutive of bend. Diet. 

BF/NDVV1TH, bend'-wfr/i. n. s. An herb. Diet. 

BENE'APED, be-nept'. 352. a. [from neap.] A ship 
is said to be beneaped, when the water does not flow 
high enough to bring her off the gronnd. Diet. 

BENE'ATH, be-neTHe'. prep. [beneoS, Sax.] Un- 
der ; lower in place. Dryden. Under, as over- 
whelmed by some pressure. Shak. Lower in rank. 
Locke. Unworthy of. Atterbun/. 

BENE'ATH, be-neTHe'. 467. ad. In a lower place. 
Amos, ii. Below, as opposed to heaven. Exodus, xx. 

BE'NEDICT,ben'-e-dikt. a. [benedictm, Lat.] Hav- 
ing mild and salubrious qualities. Bacon. 

BENEDI'CTINE* ben-e-dik'-tni. n. s. A monk of 
the order of St. Benedict. Ld. Herbert. 

BENEDI'CTINE*, ben-e-dik'-tin. a. Belonging to 
the order of St. Benedict. Weever. 

BENEDI'CTION, ben-e-dik'-shun. n. s. Blessing. 
Sliak. The advantage conferred by blessing. 
Bacon. Thanks. Milton. The form of instituting 
an abbot. Avliffe. 

BENEFACTIONS, ben-e-fak'-shfin. n.s. [benefacio, 
Lat.] The act of conferring a benefit. The benefit 
conferred. Atterbury. 

BENEFA'CTOR, ben-e-fak'-tSr. 166. n. s. He that 
confers a benefit. Milton. 

BENEFA'CTRESS, ben-e-fak'-tres. n.s. A woman 
who confers a benefit. Delany. 

BE'NEFICE $, beV-e-fk U%n. s. Advantage confer- 
red on another. This word is generally taken for all 
ecclesiastical livings. Cornel. In the feudal lan- 
guage, an emolument and a duty ; or, generally 
speaking, benefit. 

BE'NEFICED^n'-e-fist. 352. a. Possessed of church 
preferment. Ayliffe. 

BENEFICENCES, be-neF-e-sense. n. s. Active 
goodness. Dryden. 

BENEFICENT, be-nef-e-sent. a. Kind; doing 
good. Hale. 

BENE'FICENTLY*, be-nef-e-sent-le. ad. In a be- 
neficent manner. 

BE'NEFICELESS*, ben'-e-f?s-les. a. Having no 
benefice. Sheldon. 

BENEFICIAL, ben-e-flsh'-al. a. Advantageous. 
Hoolce.r. Helpful ; medicinal. Arbvthnot. 

BENEFI'CIAL, ben-e-flsh'-al. n. s. A benefice. 
S}Knser. 

BENEFI'CIALLY, ben-e-fish'-al-le. ad. Advanta- 
geously. Pownall. 

BENEFl'CIALNESS, ben-e-flsh'-al-n^s. n. s. Use- 
fulness. Hale. 

BENEFFCIARY, ben-e-flsh'-ya-re. 113. a. Holding 
something in subordination to another. Bacon. 

BENEFFCIARY, ben-e-flsh'-ya-re. 113. n. s. He 
that is in possession of a benefice. Ayliffe. A per- 
son benefited by another. Fell. 

BENEFI'CEENCY* bVe-f?sh'-en-se. n. s. Kind- 
ness. Brown. 

BENEFIT §. ben'-e-flt. n. s. [benefkium, Lat.] A 
kindness. Sluxk. Advantage. Wisdom. [In law.] 
Benefit of clergy is an ancient liberty of the church, 
when a priest, or one within orders, is arraigned 
of felony before a secular judge, he may pray his I 



clergy ; that is, pray to be delivered to his ordina 
ry: r»ut this law is now much altered. Cowel. 
To BE'NEFIT, ben'-e-fit. v. a. To do good tc 

Shakspeare. 
To BE'NEFIT, ben'-e-flt. v. n. To gain advantage. 

Milton. 
To BENE'GROE*, be-ne / -gro. v. a. [he and negro.} 

To make extremely dark. Hewyt. 
To BENE'ME* or BENE'MPNE* r. a. [be and 
nempne.] To name; to pronounce. Spenser. To 
promise ; to give. Spenser. Ob. T. 

BENEPLA'CfrURE* ben-e-plas'-se-tsh&re. n. s. 

[benephcitum, Lat.] Will ; choice. Glanville. 
To BENE'T, be-neV. v. a. [from net.] To ensnare 
ShaksjKare. 

BENE'VOLENCES, be-nev'-v6-lense. n. s. [benevo- 
lentia, Lat.] Disposition to do good. Sliak. The 
good done. A kind of tax, devised by Edward IV. 
and abolished by Richard III. Bacon. 

BENE'VOLENT, be-nev'-v6-lent. a. Kind; having 
good will. Pope. 

BENE'VOLENTLY*, be-nev'-v6-lent-le. ad. In a 
kind manner. 

BENE'VOLENTNESS, be-nev'-v6-leut-nes. n. s. 
Benevolence. 

BENE'VOLOUS* be-nev'-vo-lfis. a. Kind ; friendly. 
Puller. 

BENGA'L, ben-gall', n. s. [from Bengal in the East 
Indies.] A sort of thin slight stuff, made of silk and 
hair, for women's apparel. 

To BENI'GHT, be-nW. y. a. To involve in dark- 
ness. Milton. To surprise with the coming on of 
night. Sidney. To debar from intellectual light. 
Dryden. 

BENl'GN§, be-nlne'. 385. a. [benigmis, Lat.] Kind: 
generous. Milton. Wholesome. Arbuthnot. 

BENl'GNANT*, be-nlg'-nant. a. Kind; gracious. 
Maiden's Wish. 

BENFGiNITY, be-nlg'-ne-te. n. s. Graciousness. 
Brown. Actual kindness. Hooker. Salubrity 
Wiseman. 

BENI'GNLY, be-nlne'-le. ad. Favourably. Waller. 

BE'NISON, ben'-ne-zn. 170, 443. n. s. [benicon, old 
Fr.l Blessing ; benediction. Sluxkspeare. Ob. J. 

BE'NJAMIN, ben'-ja-mln. n. s. A plant. Milton. 

BE'NJAMIN, ben'-ja-mln. n. s. A gum. 

BE'NNET, ben'-net. 99. n. s. An herb. 

BENT, bent. n. s. The state of being bent. WaUmr. 
Degree of flexure. Bp. Wilkins. Declivity. Dry- 
den. Utmost power. Shale. Application of the 
mind. Locke. Inclination. Spenser. Determina- 
tion. Hooker. Turn of the temper, or disposition. 
Shak. Tendency. Ijocke. A species of grass. 
Drayton. 

BE'NTING Time, ben'-tlng-tlme. The time when 
pigeons feed on bents, before peas are ripe. Dryden, 

To BENU'M§, be-num'. v. a. [benumen, Sax.] To 
make torpid. Fairfax. To stupify. Dryden. 

BENU'MMEDNESS*,be-nftm r -metl-nes. n.s. The 
state of being benummed. Smith. 

BENZO'IN, ben-z&ln'. n. s. A medicinal resin im- 
ported from the East Indies, vulgarly called benja- 
min. Boyle. 

To BEPA'FNT, be-pant'. v. a. To cover with paint. 
Sliakspeare. 

To BEPA'LE* be-pale'. v. a. To make pale. Carexa. 

To BEPI'NCH, be-plnsh'. v. a. To mark with 
pinches. Chapman. 

To BEPO WDER*, be-p6u'-dflr. v. a. To dress out -, 
to powder. Search. 

To BEPR A'ISE* be-praze'. v. a. To praise greatly, 
hyperbolically. Goldsmith. 

To BEPU'RPLE* be-pur'-pl. v. a. To render of a 
purple colour. Dudley Digges. 

To BEQUE'ATH$, be-kweTHe'. 467. v. a. [becpse 
3a n,. Sax.] To leave by will to another. Sidney. 

BEQUE'ATHER* be-kweTHe'-fir. n. s. A testator, 
Huloel. 

BEQUE'ATHMENT, be-kweTHe'-men. n. s. A 
legacy. Diet. 

BEQUE'ST, be-kw&t'. 334, 414. n. s. A legacy 
Hale. 

133 



BES 



BES 



EP 559.— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, m& 5— pine, pin ;- 



2\> BERA'IN* be-rane'. v. a. To rain upon. Chau- 
cer. Ob. T. 
To BERA'TTLE, be-rat'-tl. v. a. To fill with noise. 

Shakspeare. 
To BERA'Y* be-ra'. v. a. To foul ; to soil. Milton. 
BE'RBERRY, bar'-beY-re. 555. n. s. [berberis.] A 

berry of a sharp taste, used for pickles. Bacon. 
BERE* beer. n.s. [bepe, Sax.] Barley. Huloet. 
To BERE' AVE §, be-reve'. v. a. pret. I bereaved, or 
bereft, part, bereft, [bepeapian, Sax.] To strip of; 
to deprive of. Shak. To take away from. Slia/c. 
BERE AVEMENT, be-reve'-ment. n. s. Depriva- 
tion. Diet. 
BERE'FT, be-reTt'. pari. pass, of bereave. Dryden. 
BERG. See Burrow. 

BE'RGAMOT, beV-ga-m&t. n. s. [hergamotte, Fr.] A 

sort of pear. A sort of essence, or perfume, drawn 

from a fruit produced by ingrafting a lemon tree on 

a bergamotpear stock. A sort of snuff. 

BE'RGERET*, ber'-je-ret. n. s. [bergerette, Fr.] 

A song. Cliaucer. Ob. T. 
BE'RGMASTER, bgrg'-ma-sr&r. n. s. [bep£, Sax. 
■and master.'] The bailiff, or chief officer, among 
the Derbyshire miners. 
BE y RGMOTE, berg'-mote. ft. s. [bep$ and mote, 
Sax. I A court held upon a hiil among the Derby- 
shire miners. Blount.' 
To BERH Y'ME, be-rlme'. v. a. To mention in rhyme. 

Shakspeare. 
BERLFN, ber-fiV. n. s. [fr. Berlin, where they were 
first made.] A coach of a particular form. Swift. 
To BERO / B,be-r6b / . v. a. [birauban, Goth.] To rob ; 

to plunder. Spenser. 
BE'RRY$,beV-re. n.s. [bepi£, Sax.] Any small 
fmit, with many seeds or stones. Spenser. A hil- 
llock; a mound. A corruption of barrow. W. 
Browne. 
To BE'RRY, beV-re. v. n. To bear berries. 
BERT, berL {beojit, Sax.] Bright. Gibson. 
BERTH. See Birth. 

BE RTRAM, ber'-tram. 88. n. s. Bastard pellitory. 
BE'RYL, ber'-ril. n. s. [beryllus, Lat.] A kind of 

precious stone. Milton. 
To BESA'INT*, be-s<\i>t'. v. a. To make a saint of. 

Hammond. 
To BESCA'TTER*, be-skat'-tar. v. a. To throw 

loosely over. Spenser. 
T« BESCO'RN*, be-sk6rn'.r.a.To mock at. Cliau. 
To BESCRA'TCH*, be-skratsh'. v. a. To tear with 

the nails. Chaucer. 
To BESCRAWL*, be-skrawl'. v. a. To scribble 

over. Milton. 
To BESCRE'EN, be-skreen'. v. a. To cover with 

a screen. Shakspeare. 
To BESCRFBBLE*, be-skrlb'-bl. v. a. To write on. 

Milton. 
To BESCU'MBER*, be-sk&m'-bur. v. a. To load 

with something useless. B. Jonson. 
To BESE'ES*. be-see'.'v. n. part, beseen. [bej-eon, 

■SaxJ To look ; to mind. Wiclijfe. 
To BESE'ECH$, be-seetsh 7 . v. a. pret. I besouglit, I 
have besought, (jecan, Sax.] To entreat. Shak. 
To beg. Milton. 
BESE'ECH* be-seetsh/. n. s. Request. Beaumont 

and Fletcher. 
BESE'ECHER*, be-seetsh'-ur. n. s. He who makes 

request. Shakspeare. 
To BESE'EK^be-seek'. v. a. [ r ecan, Sax.] To re- 
quest; to beseech. Chaucer. 
To BESE'EMS, be-seem'. v. a. [beziemen, Dutch.] 

To become ; to befit. Hooker. 
BESE'EMING*, be-seem'-ing. n. s. Comeliness. 

Barret. 
BESE'EMLY*, be-seem'-le. a. Fit; becoming. 

Shenstone. 
BESE'EN, be-seen'. part. Adapted; adjusted. Spenser, 
To BESE'T, be-set'. v. a. [beraefcan, Sax.] To be- 
siege. Shak. To waylay. Shak. To embarrass. 
Sliakspeare. To fall upon. Spenser. 
To BESHFNE*, be-shW. v. n. To shine upon. 

Cliaucer. 
To BESHRE'W, be-shroo'. v. a. [bej-ypepian, 



Sax.] Gower. To wish a curse to. Dryden. To 
happen ill to. Shakspeare. 

To BESHU'T*, be-shut'. v. a. To shut up. Cliaucer 
Ob. T. 

BESFDE, be-slde'. ) prep. At the side of another. 

BESFDES, be-sldes'. S Fairfax. Over and above. 
Sir J. Dories. Not according to, though not con- 
trary. Bp. Bramhall. Out of. Shakspeare. 

BESFDE, be-slde'. ) ad. More than that. Shak. 

BESFDES, be-sldes'. \ Not in this number. Genesis, 
xix. Except. Decay of Christian Piety. 

BESFDERY, be-sF-dre. n. s. A species of pear. 

To BESFEGE§, be-seeje'. v. a. [from siege.] To be- 
leaguer; to lay siege to. Deuteronomy, xxviii. 

BESFEGER, be-see"-j&r. 98. n. s. One employed in 
a siege. Swift. 

To BESPT*, be-sH'. v. a. To suit; to become. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

To BE'SLAYE^be-slave'. v. a. To subjugate. Hall. 

To BESLFME*, be-sllme'. v. a. To soil ; to dawb. 
B. Jonson. 

To BESLU'BBER, be-sl&b'-bur. v. a. To dawb. 



v. a. To bed awl 



He which soils 



[bismait, Goth.] To 
a. [bej*nipeb, Sax.] To 



■are. 
ToBESME'AR?, be-smeer'. 

Spenser. To soil. Shakspeare. 
BESME'ARER*, be-smeer'-ur. n. s 
or besmears any thing. Sherwood. 
To BESMIRCH, be-smeYtsh'. v. a. To soil ; to dis- 
colour. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To BESMO'KE, be-sm6ke'. v. a. To foul with smoke. 

To harden or dry in smoke. 
To BESMU'T, be-smut'. v. a 

soil with smoke or soot. 
To BESNO'W*, be-sn6'. v. 

scatter like snow. Gower. 
BESNU'FFED*, be-snuft'. a. Smeared with snuff. 

Young. 
BE'SOM, be'-zfim. n. s. [be]*m, Sax.] An instmment 

to sweep with. Bacon. 
To BESO'RTS, be-scW. v. a. To suit; to fit. Shak. 
BESO'RT, be-sdrt'. n. s. Company ; train. Shak. 
ToBESO'T^, be-sot'. v. a. To infatuate. Milton. 

To make to doat. Shakspeare. 
BESOTTEDLY*, be-s&t'-t^d-le. ad. In a foolish, 

besotted manner. Milton. 
BESO'TTEDNESS*, be-sSt'-tgd-nes. n. s. Stupid- 
ity ; infatuation. Milton. 
BESO'UGHT, be-sawt'. part, passive of beseech. 
To BESPA'NGLE, be-spang'-gl. v. a. To adorn 

with spangles. Pope. 
To BESPATTER, be-spat'-tur. v. a. To soil by 

throwing filth. Government of the Tongue. To as- 
perse with reproach. Swift. 
To BESPA/WL, be-spawl 7 . v. a. To daub with spit- 
tle. Milton. 
To BESPE'AK §, be-speek'. v.a. bespoke, or bespake ; 

I have bespoke, or bespoken. To order beforehand. 

Shak. To make way by a previous apology. 

Dryden. To forebode. Swift. To speak to; 

to address. Spenser. To betoken; to show. Addi. 
BESPE'AKER, be-spee'-kur. n. s. He that bespeaks 

any thing. Wotton. 
To BESPE'CKLE, be-spSk'-kl. v. a. To mark with 

speckles. Milton. 
To BESPE'T*, be-spel'.u.a. To daub with spittle 

Chancer. Ob. T. 
To BESPE'W, be-spi'. v. a. To daub with spew 

or vomit. 
ToBESPFCE, be-spW. v. 

spices. Shakspeare. 
To BESPFT, be-splt'. v. a. 

Wicliffe. 
To BESPO'T, be-sp6t'. v. a. 

Bp. Rainbow. 
To BESPRE'AD, be-spred'. 

Dryden. 
BESPRE'NT*, be-spr^nt'. part. [be]-ppen$an, Sax.} 

Besprinkled. Spenser. Milton. 
To BESPRFNKLE §, be-sprlnk'-kl. v. a. [bespren- 

kelen, Dutch.] To sprinkle over. Dryden. 
BESPRFNKLER* be-sprfnk'-l&r. n. s. He Aa4 

sprinkles any thing. Sherwood. 



a. To season with- 

To daub with spittfe.. 

To mark with spots. 

v. a. To spread over. 



BET 



BEV 



— n6, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;•— pound ;—ih\n, THis. 



To BESPFRT*, or BESPU RT*. be-spurt'. v.a. 
To throw out scat'eringly. Milton. 

To BESPUTTER, be-sput'-tor. v. a. To sputter 
over. 

BEST$, be"st. a. The superlatii'e from good, [bept, 
Sax.] Most good ; that which has good qualities 
in the highest degree. 1 Samuel, viii. Ihe best.] 
The utmost power. Shak. — To make the best. To J 
improve to the utmost. Bacon. 

BEST, bfet. ad. In the highest degree of goodness. 

BEST is sometimes used in composition ; but in the 
lollowing and similar words it is arbitrary : besi- 
he/oird. best-betrust, test-conditioned, best-resolved, 
best-tempered. 

To UESTA'IN, be-stane'. v. a. To mark with stains. 
Slui/cspeare. 

To BESTE'ADjbe-sted'. v. a. [from stead.] To profit. 
.Milton. To treat; to accommodate. Isaiah, viii. 
To dispose. Spenser. 

BE'STlALsS beV-tshe-al. 464. a. Belonging to a 
beast. Dryden. Brutal. Slux/cspeare. 

t^j-Thh word is sometimes improperly pronounced with 
the e long, as if written beastial, whereas it comes di- 
rectly from the French bestial ; and ought to be pro- 
nounced as if written best-yal, 272. 
" A hare, who, in a civil way, 
11 Complied with ev'ry thing, like Gay, 
" Was known to all the bestial train 
" That haunt the woods or scour the plain." Gay. W. 

BESTIA'LITY, bes-tshe-al'-e-te. n. s. The quality 

of beasts. Arbuthnot. 
ToBE'STIALIZE*, beV-tshe-al-lze. v. a. To make 

like a beast. Phil. Letters on Physiognomy. 
BESTIALLY, bes'-tshe-al-le. ad. Brutally. 
To BESTFCK, be-stlk'. v. a. To stick over with 

any thing. Milton. 
To BESTI'R, be-steV. 109. To put into vigorous 

action. MUton. 
BE'STNESS* be\st'-nes. n. s. The most excellent 

state. Bp. Morton. 
To BESTORM*, be-sldrnV. v.n. To rage. Young. 
To BESTOW §,be-sto'. v. a. [beptanban, Sax.] ! 
To give. Sidney. Sometimes with to. Clarendon. I 
To give as charity or bounty. Hooker. To give I 
in marriage. Shak. To give as a present. Dryden. 
To apply. Swift. To lay out upon. Devi. xiv. 
To lav up. 2 Kings, v. 
BESTOWAL*, be-sto'-al. n. s. Disposal. 
BESTOWER. be-st6'-ur. 98. n. s. Giver. Staling. 
To BESTRA'DDLE*, be-strad'-dl. v. a. See To 

Bestride. 
BESTRAUGHT, be-strawt'. part. Distracted; 

mad. Shakspeare. 
To BESTRE'W, be-stro'. v.a. [beptpypeb, Sax.] 

To sprinkle over. Milton. 
To BESTRI'DE, be-strlde'. v. a. I bestrid; I have 
bestrid, or bestridden, [bevtpiban, Sax.] To stride 
over any thing. Shak. To step over. Shak. To 
ride on. Shakspeare. 
To BESTU'D, be-st&d'. v. a. To adorn with studs. 

Draijton. 
To BESWFKE*, be-swlke'. v. a. [beppican, Sax.] i 

To allure. Gower. 
BET§, bet. n. s. [peb. Sax.] A wager. Prior. 
To BET, bet. v. a. To wager. Shakspeare. 
BET. The old preterit of beat. Bacon. 
To BETA'KE, be-take'. v. a. pret. I betook ; part, 
pass, betaken, [betaecan, SaxJ To commit, or in- 
trust, or deliver. Spenser. To have recourse to. 
Hooker. To apply. Dryden. To move ; to re- 
move. Spenser. 
BETA'UGHT* be-tawt'. pret. of betake. Chancer. 

Ob. T. 
To BETE'EM, be-teem'. i\ a. To bring forth. Spen. 
BETEL*, be^-tl. n. s. An Indian shrub. Sir. T. 

Herbert. 
To BETHFNK§,be-*/dnk'. v.a. I bethought ; I have 

bethought. To recall to reflection. Sidney. 
To BETHFNK* be-tfi'ink'. v. n. To consider. 

Spenser. 
BETHLEHEM*, bto'-Wm. n. s. [See Bedlam.] 
An hospital for lunaticks. 



BE'THLEHEMITE, b&/i'-le-em-lte. n. *. A luna- 

tick. 
To BETHRA'L, be-i/iralh 406. v. a. To enslave 

Spenser. 
To BETHU'MP, be-Mamp'. v. a. To beat. Shak. 
To BETIDE $*, be-tlde'. v. a. pret. It betided, or be- 
tid; part. pass, betid, and betiglit. [tib, Sax.] To 

happen to; to befall. Spenser. 
To BETIDE, be-tlde'. v. n. To come to pass. 

Spenser. To become. Shakspeare. 
BETl'ME, be-time'. ) ad. Seasonably. Shak. Soon. 
BETPMES, be-tlmz'. $ Spenser. Early in the day. 

Shakspeare. 
BETLE, be'-tl. )n.s. A plant called water pep- 
RE'TRE, be'-tr. \ per. 
To BETOKEN, be-t6'-kn.w. a. To signify. Hooker 

To foreshow. Thomson. 
BE TONY, betM6-ne. n. s. [betonica, Lat.] A plant, 

greatly esteemed as a vulnerary herb. 
BETO'RN*, be-l6rn'. part 



Violently separated. 

To disturb. Sliak. To 

Occleve. 



Sackville. 
To BETO'SS, be-t6s'. v. a. 
toss into the air. Shelton. 
To BETRA'P*, be-trap'. v. a. To ensnare. 

Ob. T. 

To BETRAT §, be-tra'. v. a. [betpo£an ? Sax.] 
To give into the hands of enemies by treachery. 
1 Chron. xii. To discover that which has been in- 
trusted to secrecy. To expose to evil by revealing 
something intrusted. Milton. To make known 
something that were better concealed. Watts. To 
make liable to fall into an inconvenience. King 
Charles. To show; to discover. Milton. 
BETRA'YER, be-tra'-ur. n. s. A traitor. Hooker. 
ToBETRI'M, be-trim'. v. a. To deck; to dress 

Shakspeare. 
To BETROTH §, bb-trtth'. v. a. [betroioen, Dotch.J 
To contract to any one, in order to marriage 
Spenser. To have as affianced by promise of mar 
riage. To nominate to a bishoprick, in order to 
consecration. Ayliffe. 
BETROTHMET>JT*, be-tr6</t'-ment. n. s. The act 

of betrothing. Exposition of the Canticles, (1585.) 
To BETRU'ST, he-trust', v. n. To intrust. Bp. Halt. 
BETT*, bet. ad. [bet, Sax.] The old English word 

for better. Chaucer. 
BETTERS, bet'-t&r. 98. a. The comparative of good. 

[bete pa, Sax.] Shakspeare. 
The BETTER. The superiority. Sidney. Im 

Drovement. Dryden. 
BETTER, bet'-tur. ad. Well, in a greater degree 

Hosea, ii. More. Abp. Sancrofl. 
To BETTER, bet'-t&r.v. a. To improve. Hooker. To 
surpass. Hooker. To advance ; to support. Bacon 
BETTER, beV-t&r. n. s. Superiour. Hooker. 
BETTERING*, bet'-tur-ing. n. s. The act of im- 
proving. 
BETTING*, bet'-t!ng. n. s. Proposing a wager 

Sherwood. 
BE'TTOR, bet'-tur. 166. n. 5. One that lays wa 

gers. Addison. 
BETTY, bet'-te. n. s. A small engine to force open 

the doors of houses. Arbuthnot. 
BETU'MBLED*, be-tfim'-bld. part. a. Disordered ; 

rolled about. Shakspeare. 
BETWE'EN, be-tween'. prep, [betpeonan, Sax.] 
In the intermediate space. Pope. From one to 
another. Bacon. Belonging to two in partnership. 
Locke. Bearing relation to two. South. Noting 
difference of one from the other. Locke. 
BETWFXT,be-twlkst'.?wep. [betpyx,Sax.] In the 
midst of two. Milton. From one to another. Sluxk. 
BE'VEL, or BE'VIL, bev'-U. 99. n. s. [In masonry 
and joinery.] A kind of square, movable on a cen- 
tre, and so may be set to any angle. Builder's Diet. 
To BE'VEL, bev'-il. v. a. To cut to a bevel angle. 

Moxon. 
BE'VER. See Beaver. 
BE'VER §*, beV-fir. n. s. [bevere. It*!, to drink.] 

A refreshment between meals. B. Jonson. 
To BE'VER*, bev'-&r. ». n. To partake of a bever. 
Brewer. 

135 



BEZ 



BIC 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ;- 



BE'VERAGE, bev'-fir-ldje. 90, 555. n. s. Drink. 

Shakspeare. 
BE'VY, bev'-e. n. s. [Area, Ital.] A flock of birds. 

Cockeram. A company. Spenser. 
To BEWA'IL^be-waie'. i>. a. To bemoan. Shak. 
To BEWAIL, be-wale'. v. n. To express grief. 

Shakspeare. 
BEWA'ILABLE* be-wale'-a-bl. a. That which 

may be lamented. Sherwood. 
BEWAILING*, be-walt -lug. n. 



v. a. To keep awake. 
n. To regard with cau- 



Lamentation 
Raleigh. 
To BEWA'KE* be-wake 

Grower. 
To BE WA'RE, be-ware'. 

tion. Dryden. 
ToBEWE'EPS, be-weep'. v. a. [bepepan, Sax.] 

To weep over. Sliakspeare. 
To BEWE'EP*, be-weep'. «• «• To weep. Shak. 
ToBEYVE'T, be-wet'. v. a. To wet. Titus An- 

droniais. 
To BEWHO'RE*, be-hSSr 7 , or be-h6re'. v. a. To 
corrupt with regard to chastity. Beaum. and Ft. 
To pronounce a whore. Shakspeare. 
To BEWFLDER, be-wll'-d&r. 515. v. a. To per- 
plex ; to entangle. Dryden. 
To BEWFNTER* be-wm'-tur. v. a. To make like 

winter. Cowley. 
To BE WFTCH §, be-wltsh'. v. a. To injure by witch- 
craft. Shakspeare. To charm. Sidney, b. li. 
BEWFTCHER*, be-witsh'-ur. n. s. One who be- 
witches. Stafford. 
BE WITCHERY, be-wltsh'-ur-e. 555. n. s. Fascina- 
tion. South. 
BEWFTCHFUL*, be-wltsh'-ful. a. Alluring. Mil- 
ton. 
BEWFTCHING* be-wltsh'-lng. n.s. The act of 

bewitching. Sfierwood. 
BEWFTCHINGLY* be-whW-fng-le.od. In an al- 
luring manner. Hallywell. 
BE WFTCHMENT, be-witsh/-ment. n. s. Fascina- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
BE WONDERED*, bh-wim<-dtiird.part. a. Amazed. 

Fairfax. 
To BEWRAT*, be-rap'. v. a. To cover over. Mir. 

for Magistrates. 
To BEWRAY, be-ra'. 474. v. a. [pjie*an, Sax.] 
To betray. Spenser. To show ; to make visible. 
Sidney. 
BEWRA'YER, be-ra'-flr. n. s. Betrayer ; discover- 
er. Addison. 
To BEWRE'CK*, be-rek'. v. a. To ruin; to destroy. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
BEWRO'UGHT* be-rawt'. part. Worked. B. 

Jonson, 
BEY*, ba. n. s. [beg, Turkish.] A governour of a 

Turkish province. Rycaut. 
BEYOND, be-y&nd'. prep. [be$eonb, Sax.] Be- 
fore. Pope. On the farther side of. Devi. xxx. 
Farther onward than. Herbert. Past; out of the I 
reach of. Shak. Above ; proceeding to a greater 
degree than. Sidney. Above in excellence. Dry- 
den. Remote from. Dryden. — To go beyond is to 
deceive. Sidney. 
t£T There is a pronunciation of this word bo obviously 
wrong as scarcely to deserve notice ; and that is sound- 
ing the like a, as if the word were written beyand. j 
Absurd and corrupt as this pronunciation is, too many 
of the people of London, and those not entirely unedu- 
cated, are guilty of it. W. 

BEYO'ND*, be-y&nd'. ad. At a distance ; yonder. 

Spenser. 
BEZA'NT*, or BESA'NT*, be-zant'. n. s. [besant, 

Fr.] The current coin of old Byzantium, which 

was of gold. 
BE'ZEL, I bez'-ll. n. s. That part of a ring in 
BE'ZIL, ) which the stone is fixed. 
BE'ZOAR §, be'-z&re. n. s. [pa, against, and zahar, 

poison, Persick.] A medicinal stone, formerly in 

nigh esteem as an antidote ; brought from the East 

Indies. Chambers. 
BEZOA'RDICK*, b^z-o-arZ-dlk. a. Composed of 

bezoar. Student. 



BEZOA'RDICKS, bez-&-ar'-dlks. n.s. Medicines 

compounded with bezoar. Floyer. 
BEZOA'RTICAL*, bez-o-ar'-le-kal. a Having the 

quality of an antidote. 
To BE'ZZLE$*, bez'-zl. v. a. [beskr, old Fr.] To 

waste in riot. Milton. 
BIA'NGULATED, bl-ang'-gu-la-ted. )a.[binus and 
BIAN'GULOUS, bl-ang'-gu-lfis. 116. $ wgulus, 

Lat.] Having two corners or angles. Did. 
BFAS$, bl'-as. 88. n.s. [biais, fr.] The weight 

lodged on one side of a bowl, which turns it from 

the straight line. Shak. Any thing which turns a 

man to a particular course. Shakspeare. Propen- 

sion ; inclination. Dryden. 
To BFAS, bl'-as. v. a. To incline to some side. Sir 

R. Fanshaice. 
BFAS-DRAWING* bl'-as-draw-Ing. n. s. Partiality. 

Shaksjpeare. 
BFASNESS*, bl'-as-n&s. n. s. Inclination to some 

side. 
BIB §, bib. n. s. A small piece of linen put upon the 

breasts of children over their clothes. Beaumont 

and Fletcher. 
To BIB, bib. v.n. [bibo, Lat.] To tipple. Camden. 
BIBA'CIOUS, bl-ba'-shus. 118. a. [bibax, Lat.] Ad- 
dicted to drinking. Diet. 
§£?=■ Ferhaps the first syllable of this word may be con- 
sidered as an exception to the general rule. J17. W. 

BIBA'CITY, bl-bas'-e-te.n. s. The quality of drink- 
ing much. 
BI'BBER, blb'-bur. 98. n. s. [biberon, Fr.] A tip- 
pler. Prov. xxiii. 
BIBBLE-BABBLE*, blb'-bl-bab'-bl. n. s. Prating; 

idle talk. Sliakspeare. 
BFBLE §, bl'-bl. 405. n. s. [Bi&hov, a book; called, 

by way of excellence, The Book.'] The sacred vol- 
ume in which are contained the revelations of God. 
Government of the Tongue. 
BFBLICAL*, blb'-le-kaH a. Relating to the Bible. 
, Abp. Newcome. 
BIBLIOGRAPHER, blb-le-&g'-gra-ffir. n. s. [8l8- 

\bs and ypdfu).] A man skilled in the knowledge 

of books. Did. 
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL* bib-le-o-graf'-e-kal. ) 
BIBLIOGRA'PHICK*, blb-le-6-graf-lk. \ a ' 

Relating to the knowledge of books. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY $*, bib-le-dg'-ra-fe. n. s. The 

science of a bibliographer. 
BIBLIOMANIA*, blb-le-o-ma'-ne-a. n. *. [BiBliov 

and fxavia.] The rage of possessing scarce or cu- 
rious books ; book-madness. 
BIBLIOMA'NIACK*, blb-le-o-ma'-ne-ak. n. s. He 

who is smitten with a rage for books. 
BIBLIO'POLIST*, blb-le-6p'-6-llst. n. s. [BiBYiov 

and TT0)\tiv.'\ A bookseller. 
BIBLIOTHE'CAL, blb-le-&tfi'-e-kal. a. Belonging 

to a library. Did. 
BIBLIO'THECARY*, blb-le-&tfi'-e-ka-re. n. s. 

[BiBXlov and 0>//«7.] A librarian. Bp. Hall. 
BIBLIOTHE'KE* blb-le-<W/ieke'. n. s. A library. 

Bale. 
BFBULOUS, blb'-u-Ifis. 314. a. [bibulus, Lat.] 

Spungv. Thomson. 
BICA'PSULAR, bl-kap'-shu-lar. 118,552. a. [bicap- 

sularis, Lat.] Having the seed vessel divided into 

two parts. 
BICE, blse. n. s. The name of a colour used in 

painting. It is either green or blue. Peacham. 
BICIPITAL, bl-slp'-e-tal. 118. £ a. [biceps, bicipitis, 
BICFPITOUS, bl-slp'-e-t&s. \ Lat ] Having 

two beads. Brown. One of the muscles of the 

arm. Brown. 
To BACKER §, blk'-kur. 98. v.n. \bkre, Welsh.] 

To skirmish. Milton. To quiver. Thomson. 
BFCKERER, blk'-fir-ur. 555. n. s. A skirmisher. 

Sherwood. 
BFCKERING*, blk'-fir-lng. n. s. Quarrel; skir- 
mish. Sidney. 
BFCKERMENT*, bik'-ur-ment. n. s. Quarrel. 

BFCKERN, bhV-k6rn. n.s. 98,418. An iron end- 
ing in a point. Moxon. 
136 



: 



BIG 



BIL 



— n6, move, n6r, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — fill ; — pound ; — thm, THis. 



BICO'RNE, bi'-korn. 118. )a. [Z^orais.Lat.l Hav- 
BlCO'RNOUS,bl-kdr'-nus. S nxg two horns. Brown. 
BKXKRPORAL, bl-k6r / - P 6-ral. 118. a. [bicorpor, 

Lat.] Having two bodies. 
To BID§, bid. v. a. pret. I bid, bad, bade, T have bid, 

or bidden, [bibban, Sax.] To desire. Shakspeare. 

To command. Shak. To offer. Sliak. To proclaim; 

to offer. Cray. To pronounce ; to declare. Shak. 

To denounce. Sliak. To pray. 2 St. John. To bid 

beads is to distinguish each band by a prayer. 

Dnjden. 
BFDALE, bld'-al. n. s. [bid and ale. ~\ An invitation 

of friends to drink at a poor man's house, and there 

to contribute charity. Diet. 
BPDDEN, bld-dn. 103. part. pass. Invited. Bacon. 

Commanded. Pope. 
BIDDER, bld'-dfir. 98. n. s. One who offers or pro- 
poses a price; a commander, a prescriber of laws. 

Addison. 
BFDD1NG, bld'-dlng. 410. n. s. Command ; order. 

Shakspeare. The proposal of price for what is to 

be sold. 
To BIDE $. bide. v. a. [biban, Sax.] To endure; to 

suffer. Shakspeare. 
To BIDE. bide. v.n. To dwell. Milton. To remain 

in a place. Shakspeare. To continue in a state. 

Romans, xi. 
BIDE'NTAL, bl-den'-tal. 118. a. [bidms, Lat.] Hav- 
ing two teeth. Swift. 
BIDE'T*, be-deV. n.s. [Fr.] A little horse. B. Jonson. 
BFDING, bl'-dlng. 410. n. s. Residence; habitation. 

Roire. 
BIE'NNIAL. bl-en'-ne-al. 116. a. [biennis, Lat.] Of 

the continuance of two years. Kay. 
BIENNIALLY*, bl-en/-ne-al-le. ad. At the return 

of two years. 
BIER, beer. 275. n. s. [biere, Fr. a coffin.] A carriage 

on which the dead are carried to the grave. Spenser. 
BFER-BALK*, beer'-bawk. n. s. The church-road 

for burials, along which the corpse is carried. 

Homilies, 
BIESTING, bees'-ting. 275. n. s. [by r fcm5;, Sax.] 

The first milk given by a cow after calving. B. 

Jonson. 
BIFA'RIOUS, bl-fa'-Ve-us. a. [bifarius, Lat.] Two- 
fold. Did. 
BFFEROUS,blfMe-rus.533.«. [biferens, Lat.-] Bear- 
ing fruit twice a year. 

£t5= We see that the antepenultimate accent on this 
word, as well as on bigamy, and some others, has the 
power of shortening the vowel in the first syllable. 
535. W. 

BFFID, bl'-ffd. 118. \ 503, 535. a. [bifidus, 

BPFIDATED, blf-fe-da-ted. \ Lat.] Divided into 

two ; split into two. 
BI'FOLD, bl'-f6ld. a. [biiais, Lat. and fold.] Two- 
fold; double. Sfiakspeare. 
BFFORM*, bi'-form. a. [biformis, Lat.] Having a 

double form. Croxall. 
BIFO'RMED, bl'-formd. 362. a. Compounded of two 

forms. 
BIFO'RiMlTY*, bl-ftW-e-te. n. s. A double form. 

More. 
BIFRO'NTED* bl-fr&nt'-ed. a. [bifrons, Lat.] Hav- 
ing two fronts. B. Jonson. 
BIFU'RCATED, bl-fur'-ka-ted. 118. a. [binus and 

furca, Lat.] Shooting out, by a division, into two 

heads. Woodward. 
BIFURCATION, bl-far-ka'-shun. n. s. Division into 

two. Brown. 
B1G§, big. a. [too-, Danish.] Having comparative 

bulk. Sped. Great in bulk. Locke. Teeming; 

pregnant. Bacon. Full of something. Addison. 

Distended. Shakspeare. Great in air and mien. 

Spenser. Great in spirit. Sliakspeare. 
BIG*, big. n.5. A particular kind of barley. 
To BIG*, big. v. a. [by^^an, Sax.] To build 
BFGAM§*, blg'-am. n.s. One twice marrie< 

Peacock. 
BFGAMIST, blg'-ga-mlst. n. s. One that has com 

mined bigamv. Avliffe. 

18 



married. Bp. 



BFGAMYjblg'-ga-me. 535, 503. n. s. [bigamia, low 
Lat.] The crime of having two wives at onca 
Arbuthnot. 

BlGBE / LLlED,blg'-bel-lld.282.a. Pregnant. Shak 
Having a large belly, or protuberance. Bp. Hall. 

Bl'GBONED*, blg'-bond. a. Having large bones. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

BFGCORNED*, blg'-kornd. a. Having large grains. 
Dryden. 

BFGGIN, blg'-gln. n. s. [begnin, Fr.] A cap like one 
of those worn by children. Shakspeare. A building. 
[by££an, Sax.] 

BIGHT, bite. n.s. The circumference of a coil of 
rope. 

BFGLY, blgMe. ad. Tumidly; haughtily. Dnjden 

BFGNAMED*, blg'-namd. a. Having a great ot 
famous name. Crashaiv. 

BFGNESS, blg'-nes. n.s. Bulk. Bacon. Size. 
Neicton. 

BFGOT §, blg'-gut. 166. n. s. [begutta, low Lat.] A 
man unreasonably devoted to a certain party a 
blind zealot. Bp. Taylor. 

BFGOT*, blg'-gut. a. Bigoted. Dryden. 

BFGOTED, blg'-gut-ed. a. Irrationally zeaious. 
Gadh. 

5^/= From what oddity I know not, this word is frequent- 
ly pronounced as if accented on the last syllable but one, 
and is generally found written as if it ought, to be so 
pronounced, the t being doubled, as is usual when a 
participle is formed from a verb that has its accent on 
the last syllable. Dr. Johnson, indeed, has very judi- 
ciously set both orthography and pronunciation to 
rights, and spells the word with one t, though he finds it 
with two in the quotations he gives us from Garth and 
Swift. That the former thought it might be pronounced 
with the accent on the second syllable, is highly pre- 
sumable from the use he makes of it, where he says, 
" Bigotted to this idol, we disclaim 
" Rest, health, and ease, for nothing but a name." 
For if we do not lay the accent on the second syllable, 
here the verse will be unpaidonably rugged. This mis- 
take must certainly take its rife from supposing a verb 
which does not exist, namely, as bigot ; but as this 
word is derived from a substantive, it ought to have the 
same accent ; thus, though the words ballot and billet 
are verbs as well as nouns, yet as they have the accent 
on the first syllable, the participial adjectives derived 
from them have only one t, and both are pronounced 
with the accent on the first syllable, as balloted, billeted. 
Bigoted, therefore, ought to have but one t , and to pre- 
serve the accent on the first syllable. W. 

BFGOTEDLY* blg'-gut-ed-le. a. lxi the manner of 
a bigot ; pertinaciously. 

BFGOTRY, blg'-g&t-tre. 555. n. s. Blind zeal. 
Waits. The practice or tenet of a bigot. Pope. 

BFGSOUNDJNG* blg'-sound-lng. a. Having a 
pompous sound. Bp. Hall. 

BFGSWOLN, blg'-swoln. a. Turgid; ready to burst. 
Sliakspeare. 

BIG-UDDERED, blg'-ud-derd. a. Having large ud- 
ders. Pope. 

BFLANDER, bll'-an-d&r. 503. n.s. [belandre. Fr.] A 
small vessel of about eighty tons burden, used for 
the carriage of goods. Dryden. 

BFLBERRY, bll'-ber-re. n.s. [bili£, Sax. and 
berry.] A small shrub ; and a sweet berry of that 
shrub; whortleberry. Shakspeare. 

BI LBO, bir-b6. n. s. [from Bilboa.] A rapier ; a 
sword. Sliakspeare. 

BFLBOES, bll'-boze. 296. n.s. A sort of stocks, or 
wooden shackles for the feet, used for punishing of- 
fenders at sea. Sliakspeare. 

BI'LBOQUET*. bW-b6-kh. n.s. [Fr.] The toy 
called a cup and ball. 

BILE §, bile. n. s. [bilis, Lat.] A thick, yellow, bitter 
liquor, separated in the liver, collected in the gal- 
bladder, and discharged by the common duct. 
Quincy. 

BILE, bile. n. s. [bile, Sax.] A sore, angry swelling. 
Shalcspeare. 

BILGE, bllje. 74. n. s. The compass or breadth of a 
ship's bottom. Skinner. 

To BILGE, bllje. 74. v. n. To spring a leak ; to lei 
in water. Skinmr. 

137 



BIN 



BIR 



[O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t;— pine, pin: 



BFLlARY,bil'-ya-re 113. a. Belonging to the bile. 

Arbuthnot. 
BFLINGSGATE^ilMingz-gate. n:s. [A cant word, 
borrowed from Bilingsgate in London, where there 
are frequent brawls and foul language.] Ribaldry ; 
foul language. Pope. 
BlLFNGUOUS, bi-Iing'-gwus. 118. a. [bilinguis, 

Lat.] Having or speaking two tongues. 
BFLIOUS, biF-yus. 113. a. Consisting of bile. Garth. 
BILFVE* be-lW. ad. The same as beiive. 
To BILK $, bilk. v. a. [bilaikan, Goth.] To cheat; 

to deceive. Dryden. 
BILL §, bill. n. s. [bile, Sax.] The beak of a fowl. 

Carew. ( 

BILL $, bill. rc. s. [bille, Sax.] A hatchet with a hock- 
ed point. Temple. A battle-axe. Shakspeare. 
BILL §, bill. n. s. [/'z'&, Fr.] A written paper of any 
kind. Shakspeare. An account of money. Bacon. 
A law presented to the parliament, not yet made 
an act. Bacon. An act of parliament. Atterbury. 
A physician's prescription. Hudibras. An adver- 
tisement. Drijden. 
To BILL, bill, v. n. [bill, a beak.] To caress, as 

doves by joining bills. B. Jonson. 
To BILL, bill. v. a. To publish by an advertisement. 

L 7 Estrange. 
BT'LLET, biF-lit. 99, 472, 481. n.s. [billet, French.] 
A small paper; a note. Clarendon. A ticket di- 
recting soldiers at what house to lodge. A small log 
of wood for the chimney. Digby. — Billet doux, or 
a soft billet ; a love letter. Pope. " 
To BFLLET, biF-lit. v. a. To direct a soldier by a 
ticket where he is to lodge. Shakspeare. To quar- 
ter soldiers. Raleigh. Simply, to dispose ; to lodge. 
Laud (Letter to him.) 
BFLLIARDS, blF-ytirdz. 113. n. s. Without, a singu- 
lar, [billard, Fr.] A game at which a ball is 
forced against another on a table. Shakspeare. 

fcj" Mr. Nares has very judiciously corrected a false ety- 
mology of Dr. Johrson in this word, which might 
eventually lead to a false pronunciation. Dr. Johnson 
derives it from hall and yard, or stick to push it with. 
So Spenser — 
" With dice, with cards, with billiards far unfit, 
" With shuttle-cocks, unseeming manly wit." 

Spenser, says Mr. Nares, was probably misled, as well as 
the lexicographer, by a false notion of the etymology. 
The word, as well as the game, is French, billard, and 
made by the addition of a common termination, from 
bille, the term for the ball used in playing. W. 

BFLLlON^bil'-yfin. n.s. [Fr.] A million of millions. 
Cotgrare. 

BFLLOWsS biK-16. n.s. [bilge, Germ.] A wave 
swoln, and hollow. Spenser. 

To BILLOW, bll'16. v. n. To swell, or roll, as a 
wave. Prior. 

BFLLOW-BEATEN*, bil'-l6-be-tn. a. Tossed by 
billows. Jordan. 

CLLLOWY, blF-16-e. a. Swelling; turgid. Thomson. 

BI'LMAN*, b'fl'-msta. n. s. He who uses a bill. 
Min-or fof Magistrates. 

BIN, bin. n. s. [binne, Sax.] A place where bread, or 
corn, or wine, is reposited. Mortimer. 

BIN*: The old word for be and been. 

BFNACLEi, bin'-a-kl. n.s. A sea term, meaning 
the compass box. 

HI'NARY §, bl'-na-re. 118.a. [/Anus, Lat.] Two ; dual. 

BFNARY*, bl'-na-re. n. s. The constitution of two. 
Fat her by. 

To BIND §, bind. v. a. pret. I bound ; particip. pass. 
bound, or bounden. [bmban,Sax.] To confine with 
bonds. Job, xli. To gird. Prov. xxx. To fasten to. 
Joshua. To fasten together. St. Matthew, xiii. To 
connect closely. Gen. xliv. To cover a wound 
with dressings. St. Luke, x. To oblige by stipula- 
tion, or oath. Num. xxx. To compel. Shak. To 
oblige by kindness ; to confine. Shakspeare. To 
make costive. Bacon. To restrain. Felton. — To 
bind to. To oblige to serve some one. Dryden. 
To bind over. To oblige to make appearance. 
Addison. 

To BIND, bind. v.n. To contract its own parts to- 



gether. Mortimer. To make costive ; to be obli 
g-atory. Hale. 
BIND, bind. n.s. The stem of the hop, which is 

bound to the pole. Mortimer. 
BFNDER, blnd'-ur. 89. n. s. A man whose trade it is 
to bind books. A man that binds sheaves. Chap- 
man. A fillet. Wiseman. An astringent. Beau 
mont and Fletcher. 
BFNDING, bhd'-ing. 410. n. s. A bandage. Taller 

The cover of a book. Donne. 
BFNDWEED, blnd'-weed. n.s. The name of a 

plant. Mortimer. 
BPNOCLE, bm / -n6-kl. 405. n. s. [binus and oculus.'] 
A kind of telescope, fitted so with two tubes joining- 
together in one, as that a distant object may b« 
seen with both eyes together. Harris. 
ftCf The same reason appears for pronouncing the i in 
the first syllable of this word short as in bigamy. 
535. W. 
BINOCULAR, bl-nok'-u-lur. 118, 88, 98. a. Having 
two eyes. Derham. Employing both eyes at or.ee. 
Reid. 
BINOMIAL Root, bl^-me-al-roOt. [In algebra.] 
A root composed of only two parts coimecled with 
the signs plus or minus. Harris. 
BINO'MINOUS, bl-nonV-in-us. a. Having two names. 
BIOGRAPHER, bl-og'-gra-ffir. 116. rc.s. [bisgraphe, 

Fr.] A writer of lives. Addison. 
B10GRATHICAL*, bi.-6-graf-e-kal. a. Relating to 

biography. Warton. 
BIO'GRAPHY^, bl-og'-gra-fe. 116, 518. n.s. [fiios 

and ypacpio.] Writing the lives of men. Watts. 
BFOVAC, be'-d-vak. ^ n. s. [Fr. from iceywacht, 
BFHOVAC, be'-6-vak. > German, a double guard.] 
BFVOUAC, be'-voS-ak. ) A guard at night perform- 
ed by the whole army. The warfare of recent 
times has often given occasion for the use of this 
word, or of the verb bivouac ; as, the enemy bivou- 
acked in front of our camp. 
BFPAROUS, bip'-pa-i-fis. 503. a. [binus and pario, 

Lat.] Bringing forth two at a birth. 
55= This word and bipedal have the i long in Dr. Ash 
and Mr. Sheridan ; but Mr. Perry makes the i in the 
first long, and in the last short. Analogy, however, 
seems to decide in favour of tke sound I have given it. 
For though the penultimate accent has a tendency to 
lengthen the vowel, when followed by a single conso- 
nant, as in biped, tripod, &c. the antepenultimate ac- 
cent has a greater tendency to shorten the vowel it falls 
upon. — See Bigamy and Tripod. 503. W. 
BFPARTITE, bip'-par-tlte. 155. a. [binus and par- 
tior, Lat.] Having two correspondent parts 
Glanville. 
#Cf* Every orthoepist has the accent on the first syl'able 
of this word, but. Entick, who places it on the second ; 
but a considerable difference is found in the quantity 
of the first and last i. Sheridan and Scott have them 
both long, Nares the last long, Perry both short, and 
Buchanan and W. Jolinston as I have done it. The 
varieties of quantity on this word are the more surpris- 
ing, as all these writers that give the sound of the vowels 
make the first i in tripartite short, and the last long; 
and this uniformity in the pronunciation of one word 
ought to have led them to the same pronunciation of 
the other, so perfectly similar. The shortening power 
of the antepenultimate accent is evident in both. 
503. W. 

BIPARTFTION, bl-par-tish'-un. n. s. The act of 

dividing into two. 
BFPED, bi'-p^d. 118. n.s. [bipes, Lat.] An animal 

with two feet. Brown. 
BFPEDAL, bip'-pe-dal. 503. [See Biparous.] a. 

Two feet in length ; or having two feet. 
BIPE'NNATED, bl-pen'-na-ted. 118. a. [hinu> and 

penna, Lat.] Having two wings. Derliam. 
BIPE'TALOUS^l-peV-ta-lfis. 118. a. [bis, Lat. and 

ireraXov.] Consisting of two flower leaves. Diet. 
BPQUADRATE, bl-kwa'-drate. 91. )n.s. [In al- 
BIQUADRA'TICK, bl-kwa-draF-ik. ) gebra.J The 

fourth power, arising from the multiplication of a 

square by itself. Harris. 
BIQUADRA'TICK, bl-kwa-drat'-ik. a. Relating to 

the fourth power in algebra. 
BIRCH Tree§. burtshMre. [bipc,Sax.] A tree with 
138 



BfS 



BIT 



— n6, move, n6r. not ;— tube, tfib hull ;—6il ;— prtimd;— thin, this. 



leaves like those ot the poplar : the shoots are very 
slender. Miller. 
BIRCH Wtne*. Wine made of the vernal juice of 

birch. T. Wartori. 
BFRCHEX. niV-tshn. 103. 403. a. [bipcene. Sax.] 

Made of birch. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
;X; ' in Englishman may blush at this cluster of conso- 
nants for a syllable ; ami yet this is unquestionably the 
exact pronunciation of the word; and our language 
is full of these syllables without vowels. — See Princi- 
ples, No, 103, 405. W. 

BIRD*, burd. 108. n. s. [bipb, or bjiib, Sax.] A 

general term for the feathered kind. Shakspeare. 
To BIRD. biVd. v.n. To catch birds. Shakspeare. 
BFRDBOLT, bitrd'-bolt. n.s. An arrow, formerly 

used for shooting' at birds. Shakspeare. 
BIRDCAGE, burd'-kaje. n. s. An enclosure in 

which birds are kept. Arbidhnot. 

BFRDCALL*; burd'-kawl. n.s. A pipe with which 

fowlers allure birds, by the imitation of their notes. 

Cotgrave. 

BI'RDCATCHER, burd'-kdtsh-ur. 89. n.s. One 

whose employment it is to take birds. L' Estrange. 

BIRDER, burd'-ur. 98. n.s. A birdcatcher. Mn- 

sheu. 
BIRD-EYE*, bfird'-l. a. A word often applied to 
pictures of places, seen from above, as by a bird. 
Burke. 
BIRD-EYED* bfird'-lde. a. As the eve of a bird 3 

quick. B. Jonson. 
BIRD-FANCIER*. burdMan-se-ur. n. s. # One who 

delights in birds. 
BFRD1NG -PIECE, bfirdMrig-pees. n. s. A fowling 

piece. Shakspeare. 
Bl'RDLIKE*, burd'-Ilke. a. Resembling a bird. 

Xlcrols. 
BIRDLIME, bfird'-llme. n.s. A glutinous substance, 

bv which birds are entangled. Chambers. Bacon. 
BFRDLIMED* bfird'-fim'd. a. Spread to ensnare. 

Howell. 
BFRDMAN, b&rd'-rnin. 88. n.s. A birdcatcher. 

IJ Estrange. 
Bl RDS-CHERRY,burdz'-tsher-re. n.s. A plant. 
BI RDSEYE, bfirdz'-l. n.s. A plant. 
BFRDSEYE View. See Bird-eye. 
BFRDSFOOT. bfirdz'-f fit. n. s. A plant. 
BFRDSXEST*. hurdz'-nSst. n.s. An herb. Vict. 
BFRDSNEST, bflrdz'-nest. n.s. The place built by 

birds, where thev deposit their eggs. 
BFRDSTARES, bflrdz'-starze. n.s. A plant. 
BFRDSTONGUE.burdz'-tung. n. s. An herb. 'Diet. 
BI'RGANDER, beV-gan-dfir. ». s. A fowl of the 

jroose kind. Diet. 
BTRT. bert. n.s. A fish; the iurboi. 
BIRTHS bhth. 108. n.s. [beonS, Sax.] The act of 
coming into life. Shak. Extraction. Denham. 
Rank by descent. Shak. The condition in which 
any man is born. Drijdm. Thing born ; produc- 
tion. Shak. The act of bringing forth. Milton. 
BFRTHDAY, bert^-da. n.s. The day on which any 
one is born. Milton. The anniversary of one's 
birth. Shakspeare, 



A composition of 



Shakspeare. 
BFRTHNIGHT, berfV-nite, n. s. The night on which 

any one is born. Milton. The anniversary of one's 

birth. Pope. 
BFRTHPLACE, berf/V-plase. n.s. Place where any 

one is born. Shakspeare. 
BFRTHRIGHT, bertV-rite. n.s. The rights to 

which a man is born. Shakspeare. 
BFRTHSONG*, bertft'-song. n. s. A song sung at 

the nativity of a person. Fuz-geffry. 
BIRTHSTRA'NGLED, beWstrang-gld. 359. 

[See BircheS.] a. Strangled in being born. 

Shakspeare. 
BFRTrFW ORT, beW-wfirt. 166. ft. s. The name 

of a plant. 
BFSCOTI^bh'-kb-th. n.s. [Fr.] A confection I 

made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs. 
BFSCUIT, b&'-Ht. 341. 7?. s. [bis, Eat. and cnit, 

baked.] A kind of hard, dry bread, baked for long j 



voyages four times. Knolles. 
fine Hour, almonds, and sugar. 
To BISE'CTJ, bl-sekt'. 118, 119. v. a. [bis and seco, 

Lat.] To divide into two parts. Brown. 
BISECTION, bi-sek'-shun. 118. n.s. The division 

of any quantity into two equal parts. 
BISE''GMENT#, bl-seg'-ment. «. s. One of the parts 

of a line divided into two equal halves. Diet. 
BFSHOPi blsh'-up. 1G6. n.s. [bircop, Sax.] One 

of the head order of the clergy. Aijliffe. 
BISHOP, blsh'-up. n. s. A cant wordfbr a mixture 

of wine, oranges, and sugar. Swift. 
TV BI'SHOP, Msh'-flp. v. a. [bi r ceopob, Sax.] To 
confirm ; to admit into the church. Donne. 
jBFSHOPLIKEVbish'-np-like. ) a. Belonging to a 
BFSHOPLY* bish'-Gp-le. \ bishop. Fulke. 

jBFSHOPRICK, blsh'-up-rik. n.s. [bipcoppice, 
| Sax.] The diocess of a bishop. Bacon. 
BFSHOPSWEED. bish'-ups-weed. n. s. A plant. 
BFSHOPSWORT*, bish'-ups-wurt. n. s. A plant. 
BISK, bisk. n.s. [bisque. Fr.l Soup: broth. Kins:. 
BFSKET. See Biscuit. 

BFSMUTHj htz'-mQ/ft. n. s. Marcasite ; a hard, white . 

brittle, mineral substance, found at Misnia. Quincu. 

EPSON* bl'-sn. n, s. [bison, Fr.] A kind of wild ok 

Cotgrare. 
BISSE'XTILE, bis-seks'-tll. 140. n, s. [bis and sex 
tilis, Lat.] Leap year. Brown. 

; 05= Mr. Scott places the accent on the first syllable of 

i this word ; Dr. Kenrick on the first and last ; Jjlr. Sheri- 

i dan, Dr. Johnson, W. Johnston, Dr. Ash, Buchanan, 

i Perry, Entick, and Bailey, on the second ; Mr. Scott, Dr. 

j Kenrick, and W. Johnston, pronounce the last i long, 

J as in tile. But as the accent is on the second syllable 

1 bv so great a majority, analogy determines the last i to 

I be short. TV. 

i BFSSON, InV-sun. 166. a. [bij-en, Sax.] Blind. 

Shakspeare. 
BTSTRE, bis'-tir. n.s. [Fr.] A colour made of 

chimney soot boiled, and then diluted with water 5 

used bv painters in washing their designs. 
BFSTORT, bls'-lort. n. s. [bistorta, Lat.] A plant ; 

snake-weed. 
BJ/STOURY, bfsMur-e. 314. ». s. [bistouri, Fr.] A 

surgeon's instrument for making incisions. Chimb. 
BISU'LCOUS, bl-sfil'-kfis. a. [bisidcus, Lat'.] Clo- 

venfooted. Brown. 
BIT§, b?t. n.s. fbifcol, Sax.] The iron appurtenances 

of a bridle. Farrier's Diet. 
The BITS*. Two main p-ieces of timber, to which 

the cable is fastened when the ship rides at anchor. 
BITS, bit. n.s. As much meat as is put into the mouth 

at once. Shak. A small piece of any thing. Dry. 

den. A Spanish West Indian silver coin, valued at 

seven-pence halfpenny. 
To BIT, bit. v. a. To put the bridle upon a horse. 
BITCH, blteh, n. s. [bicca, bicce, Sax.] The female 

of the canine kind. Spenser, A name of reproach 

for a woman. Pope. 
To BITE vS bite. v. a. pret. I bit, part. pass. I have 

bit, or bitten, [bit an, Sax.] To crush with the 

teeth. Shak. To give pain by cold. Shak. To 



IDOM. berf/i'-dfim. n.s. Privilege of birth, j hurt or pain with reproach. Roscommon. To cut 

• to wound. Shak. To make the mouth smart 



Chaucer. To cheat ; to trick. Pope. 
BITE, bite. n. s. The seizure of any thing by the 
teeth. Dryden. The act of a fish that takes the 
bait. Walton. A cheat 3 a trick. Swift, A 
sharper, 
BFTER, bl'-tur. 98. n. s. He that bites. Camden. A 
fish apt to take the bait. Walton. A tricker 3 a 
deceiver. Spectator. 
BPTING* bl'-t?ng. n. s. The act of biting. Wisdom, 
I xvi. Wounding * ith censure or reproach. Donne. 
BFTINGLY* bl'- tlng-le. ad. Jeeringly. Harrington. 
BFTLESS*, blt'-les. a. Not having a bit or bridle. 

Sir R. Fanshawe. 
BFTTACLE, blt / -ta-kl. 405. n. s. A frame of timber 
in the steerage of a ship, where the compass is 
placed. Diet. 
BI'TTEN, blt'-tn. part. pass, from To bite. 
BFTTER$. WtMftr. 98. a. [bicen, Sax.} Having a 
139 



BLA 



BLA 



[CF 559.-— Fate, far, fall, fat ;-me, met ;— pine, pin ] 



hot acrid taste. Bacon. Sharp ; cruel. Shak. 

Calamitous. Amos, viii. Painful ; inclement. 

Dryden. Sharp ; reproachful. Sfiak. Mournful j 

afflicted. Job, iii. In any manner unpleasing or 

hurtful. Watts. 
BFTTER*, bit'-tfir. n. s. Any thing bitter. Locke. 

In medicine, a bitter plant, bark, or root. 
BFTTERFUL*, bSt'-tfir-ful. a. Full of bitterness. 

Cluxucer. Ob. T. 
BFTTERGOURD, blt'-tfir-gArd. n.s. The name 

of a plant. 
BT'TTERLY, bSt'-tar-le. ad. With a bitter taste. 

\n a bitter manner. Zeph. i. Sharply ; severely. 

Sprat. 
BFTTERN, bft'-ttirn. 98. n.s. {butor, Fr.] A bird 

with long legs, and a long bill, which feeds upon 

fish. Walton. 
BFTTERN, bit'-turn. n. s. A very bitter liquor, used 

in the preparation of Epsom salt. Quincy. 
BFTTERNESS, bit'-t&r-nes. n. s. A bitter taste. 

Locke. Malice. Clarendon. Sharpness. Shak. 

Satire. Bacon-. Sorrow. Shakspeare. 
BITTERSWEET, bit'-tur-sweet. n.s. An apple 

which has a compound taste of sweet and bitter. 

SOKtk. 

BFTTERVETCH, bit'-tiVvetsh. n, s. A plant. 
BFTTERWORT, bit'-t&r-wurt. n. s. An herb. 
BFTTOUR, bft'-tfir. n. s. The bittern. Dryden. 
BITU'ME. be-tume'. n.s. Bitumen. May. 
BITU'MED*, be-uWd'. a. Smeared with pitch. 

Shalcspeare. 
B1TU'MEN§, be-uV-men. 118,503. n.s. [Lat.] A fat 

unctuous matter dug out of the earth, or scummed 

off lakes. Bacon,. 

QCf This word, from the propensity of our language to the 
antepenultimate accent, is often pronounced with the 
stress on the first syllable, as if written bW-u-men ; and 
this last mode of sounding the word may be considered 

» as the most common, though not the most learned pro- 
nunciation. For Dr. Ash is the only orthoepist who 
place's the accent on the first syllable ; but every one 
who gives the sound of the unaccented vowels, except 
Buchanan, very improperly makes the I long, as in idle ; 
but if this sound be long, it ought to be slender, as inthe 
second syllable of visible, terrible, <&c. 117, 551. W. 

BITU'MINOUS, be-tiV-me-nus. 118. a. Having the 
nature of bitumen. Bacon. 

BIVA'LVE, bl'-valv. 118. a. [binus and valvce, Lat.] 
Having two valves or shutters. Woodicard. 

BIVA'LVULAR, bl-val'-vu-lar. a. Having two 
valves. Diet. 

BFVIOUS* bl'-ve-ns. a. [bivius, Lat.] That leadeth 
different wavs. Brown. 

To BFVOUAC*. v. n. [Germ.] To continue under 
arms all night. See Bio vac. 

BFXWORT, biks'-wurt.n.s. An herb. Diet. 

BFZANTINE, bk'-an-tlne. 149. n. s. [from Byzan- 
tium.'] A great piece of gold, valued at fifteen 
pounds, which the king offereth upon high festival 
days. Camden. 

OCT Perry is the only orthoepist who pronounces the last 
i in this word short : and Dr. Johnson remarks, that the 
first syllable ought to be spelled with y, as the word 
arises from the custom established among the emperors 
of Constantinople, anciently called Byzantium. W. 

To BLAB §, blab. v. a. [blabberen, TeuL] To tell what 

ought to be kept secret. Shale. To tell ; in a good 

sense. Sliakspeare. 
To BLAB, blab. «. n. To tattle ; to tell tales. Sliak. 
BLAB, blab. n. s. A telltale. Bacon. 
BLABBER, blab'-bur. n. s. A telltale. Sherwood. 
To BLA'BBER, blab'-bur. v. n. To whistle to a 

horse. To falter ; to fib. . 

BLA'BBERLIPPED. See Blobberlipped. 
BLACK §,blak. a. [blac,Sax.] Of the colour of night. 

Proverbs, vii. Dark. 1 Kings, xviii. Cloudy of 

countenance. Shak. Horrible ; wicked. Dryden. 

Obscure. Archdeo£on Arnway. Dismal. SJiak. 
BLACK-BROWED, blak'-broud. a. Having black 

eyebrows. Shakspeare. 
BLACK-BRYONY, blak-brV-6-ne. n. s. The name 

of a plant. 



BLACK-CATTLE, blak'-kat-tl. n. s. Oxen, bulls, 
and cows. Swift. 

BLACK-EARTH, blak-ert/i'. n. s. Mould. Wood- 
ward. 

BLACK-EYED*, blak'-lde. a. Having black eyes. 
Dryden. 

BLACK-FACED*, blakMaste. a. Having a dark or 
black face. ShaJcspeare. 

BLACK-GUARD, blag'-gard. 332. n.s. A dirty fel- 
low ; probably first applied to those mean depend- 
ants, in great houses, who carried coals to kitchens, 
halls, &t\ Stanihurst. 

BLACK-JACK*, blak'-jak. n. s. The leathern cup 
of elder times. Milton. 

BLACK-LEAD, blak-leiV. n. s. A mineral in the 
lead mines, used for pencils. Peaclmm. 

BLACK -MAIL, blak'-male. n.s. A certain rate paid 
to men allied with robbers for protection. Con-el. 

BLACK-MOUTHED*, blak'-mouTH'd. a. Using 
foul language ; scurrilous. Killingbeck. 

BLACK-MONDAY*, blak-nnV-de. n.s. Easter- 
Monday, which in the 34th of Edw. III. happened 
to be full dark of mist and hail, and so cold, that 
many men died on their horses' backs with the cold. 
Stowe. 

BLACK-PEOPLED*, blak-pe'-pld. a. Having peo- 

£le of a black colour. Sandys. 
ACK-PUDDING, blak-pud'-dnig. n. s. A kind 
of food made of blood and grain. Hudibras. 

BLACK-ROD, blak-r6d'. n. s. The usher belonging 
to the order of the garter ; so called from the black 
rod he carries in his hand. He is of the king's 
chamber, and likewise usher of the parliament. 
Coicel. 

BLACK- VISAGED*, blak-viz'-ldj'd. a. Having a 
black appearance. Marston. 

BLACK, blak. n. s. A black colour. Shak. Mourn- 
ing. Hales. A blackamoor. That part of the eye 
which is black. Digby. A stain. Rowley. 

To BLACK, blak. v. a. To blacken. Boyle. 

BLA'CKAMOOR, blak'-a-more. n.s. A man by na- 
ture of a black complexion. Locke. 

BLA'CKBERRDZD Heath, blak'-ber-rld-he&fc. A 
plant. 

BLACKBERRY, blak'-ber-re. n.s. [blacbepian, 
Sax.] The fruit of the bramble. Shakspeare. 

BLACKBIRD, blak'-burd. n. s. The name of a 
bird. Carew. 

BLACKCOCK*, blak'-kok. n.s. The heath-cock. 
Boswell. 

To BLA'CKEN, blak'-kn. 103. v.a. To make black 
Prior. To darken. South. To defame. South. 

7^ BLA'CKEN, blak'-kn. v.n. To grow black. 
Dryden. 

BLA'CKENER* blak'-kn-fir. n. s. He who black 
ens any thing. Slierwood. 

BLA'CKISH, blak'-ish. a. Somewhat black. Boyle 

BLACKLY*, blak'-le. ad. Darkly, in colour. Sack- 
ville. Atrociously. Feliham. 

BLA'CKMOOR, blak'-mire. n. s. A negro. Brown. 

BLA'CKNESS, blak'-nes. n.s. A black colour. 
Locke. Darkness. Shakspeare. Atrociousness. 

BLACKSMITH, blak'-smfc/t. n.s. A smith that 
works in iron ; so called from being very smutty. 
Howell. 

BLA'CKTAIL, blak'-tale. n.s. A kind of perch 
ruffs, or popes. 

BLACKTHORN, blak'-^dm. n.s. The sloe. Hab- 
ington. 

BLA y DDER§, blad'-dur. 98. n. s. [blabbpe, Sax.] 
That vessel in the body which contains the urine. 
Ray. A blister 5 a pustule. 

BLA DDER-NUT, blad'-drtr-nut. n.s. A plant. 

BLA'DDER-SENNA, blad'-dfir-sen'-a. n. s. A plant. 

BLA'DDERED*, blad'-d&rd. a. Swoln like a blad- 
der. Dryden. 

BLADE §, blade, n, s. [blaeb, bleb. Sax.] The spire 
of grass before it grows to seed. Bacon. 

BLADE, blade, n. s. The sharp part of a weapon 
distinct from the handle. Spenser. A brisk man 
either fierce or gay, called so in contempt. Fid 
ler. 

140 






I3LA 



BLE 



-116, mm e, nor, not ,— tube, tub, bull ;— oil 5— pound ;— tlun, thi 



Jfe7- 



BLADE oftf* Shoulder. la.s. The scapula, 

BLA DEBONE, blade'-b6ne. $ of scapular bone. 

P0})€. 

To BLADE, Wide. r. a. To furnish with a blade. 
BLA DEI), bla -ded. a. Having blades or spires. 
Shcucspeare. 

BLA DESMITH*, blade'-snu7/i. n.s. A sword cut- 
ler. Hidoet. 

BLAIN, blane. n. s. [ble^ene, Sax.] A pustule ; a 
botch. Exodus, ix. 

BLA MABLE, bla-ma-bl. 405. a. Culpable. Dmd. 

BLAMABLEXESS, bla'-md-bl-nes. n.s. Culpab'le- 
mss. Whiilock. 

BLA'MABLY. bla'-ma-ble. ad. Culpably. Aijliffe. 

To BLAME §, blame, r. a. [blamer, Fr.] To censure. 
Shflkspeare. To blemish. Spenser. 

BLAME, blame. 7?. s. Imputation of a fault. Hay- 
ward. Crime. Hooker. Hurt. Spenser. 2'oblame 
means without, excuse. Shakspeare. 

BLAMEFUL, blame'-ful. a. Criminal. Shakspeare. 

BLAMELESS, blame'-l£s. a. Guiltless ; innocent. 
Wisdom- x. 

BLAMELESSLY, blame'-les-le. ad. Innocently. 
Hammond. 

BLA'MELESSNESS, blame'-les-n§s. n.s. Inno- 
cence. Hammond. 

BLA MER. bla'-mur. 98. n. s. A censurer. Donne. 

BLAMEWORTHINESS*. blame'-wur-THe-nes. 
n. s. What is deserving blame. A. Smith. 

JEWnRTWV hlimo/.uriir. 
Martin 

To BLANCHE blansh. v. a [blanchir, Fr.] To 
whiten. Shak. To strip or peel off. Wiseman. 
To slur : to balk. Bacon. 
To BLANCH, blansh. v.n. To evade; to shift. Ba- 
con. 
BLA'NCHER, blan'-shfir. 98. n. s. A whitener 
BLAND §, bland, a. \blandus, Lat.] Soft ; mild. 

ion. 
BLANDA'TION*, blan-da'-sh&n. n. s. A piece of 

flatterv. Camden. 
BLAND1LOQ.UENCE*, blan-dil'-o-kwense. n. s. 
Fair and flattering speech. Gloss. Anglicana Nova. 
ToBLANDISH, blan'-dish. v. a. [blandir, Fr.] To 

smooth ; to soften. Chaucer. 
BLA NDISHER*, blan'-dish-ur. n.s. Onewhoblan- 

lishes. Cotsrave. 
BLANDISHING*, blau'-dish-kg. n.s. Blandish- 
ment. Beaumont. 
BLANDISHMENT, blan'-dlsh-ment. n.s. Act of 
fondness. Spenser. Soft words. Bacon. Kind 
treatment. Dryden. 
BLANKS, blank a. [Maw, Fr.] White. 
Without writing. SJiak. Pale ; confused. 
Without rhyme. Sliakspeare. 
BLANK, blank, n. s. A void space on paper. Swift 
A lot, by which nothing is gained. Shak. A paper 
from which the writing is effaced. Dryden. A pa- 
per unwritten. Shak. The point to which an ar- 
row is directed. Shak. Aim ; shot. Shak. Ob- 
ject to which any thing is directed. Shaksjxare. 
To BLANK, blank, v. a. To damp ; to confuse. 

Shakspeare. To efface ; to annul. Spenser. 
BLA'NKET, blank'-h. 99. n. s. [blanchette, Fr.] A 
woollen cover, spread commonly upon a bed. 
Shakspeare. A kind of pear. 
To BLA'NKET, blank' -k o. a. To cover with a 

blanket. Sluik. To toss in a blanket. B. Jonson. 
BLA'NKETING*, blank'-lt-kg. n, s. Tossing in a 

blanket. Pope. 
BLA'NKLY. blank'-le. ad. In a blank manner. 
To BLARE, blare, v. n. [blaren, Dut.] To bellow 5 

to roar. Skinner. 

To BL ASPHE'ME $, bias-feme', v. a. [blaspliemo, low 

Lat.] To speak in terms of impious irreverence of 

God. 1 Kinss, xxi. To speak evil of. Shakspeare. 

To BL ASPHE'ME, bias-feme': r. n. To speak blas- 



Milt.on. 
Milton. 



phenxy_._Shak8pear< 



ASPHE'MER, blas-fe'-mur. n. s. A wretch that 
speaks of God in impious 4 erms. 1 Timothy, i. 
BLASPHE'MLNG* blas-feme'-mg. n. s. The act of 
blasphemy. Sir E. Sandys. 



BLA'SPHEMOUS, blas'-fe-m&s. a. Impiously irrev- 
erent with regard to God. Sidney. 

9^5=* We sometimes hear this word pronounced with tho 
accent on the second syllable, like blaspheme ; and ad 
the word blasphemus in Latin has the second syllable 
long, and the English word has the same number of syl- 
lables, it has as good a right to the accent on the second 
syllable, as sonorous, bitumen, acumen, Sec. ; but plac- 
ing the accent, on the first syllable of blasphemous is by 
much the most polite ; as, unfortunately for the other 
pronunciation, though a learned one, it has been adopt- 
ed by the vulgar. 503. W. 

BLA'SPHEMOUSLY, blas'-fe-mus-le. ad. With 

wicked irreverence. Swift. 
BLA'SPHEMY, blas' ; fe-me. n. s. An offering of 
some indignity, or injury, unto God himself, either 
bv words or writing. Ayliffe. 
BLAST §, blast, n. s. [blae]-t, Sax.] A gust or "puff 
of wind. Sfiak. The sound made by blowing any 
instrument of wind musick. Shale. The stroke of a 
malignant planet. Job, iv. 
To BLAST, blast, v. a. To strike with some sudden 
plague. Shak. To make to wither. Shak. To in- 
jure 5 to make infamous. Slillingfleet. To cut off. 
Arbutluwt To confound. Shakspeare. 
BLASTER*, blast'-ur. n. .?. One who strikes as with 

a blast. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BLA'STMENT, blast'-ment. n. s. Blast. Shakspeare. 

Ob. J. 
BLA'TANT, bla'-tant. a. [blaltant, Fr.] Bellowing as 

a calf. Dryden. 
To BLATCH*. See To Blotch. ' 
BLATERA'TION, blat-tur-a'-shun. n.s. 

Lat.] . Noise. Coles. 
BLATEROON*, blat-tur-roon'. n.s. A babbler, 

Howell. 
To BLA'TTER, blat'-tur. v.n. [blateren, Teut.] To 

make a senseless noise. Spenser. 
BLAY, bla. n. s. A small river fish ; a bleak. 
BLAZES, blaze, n. s. [bla]-e, Sax.] A flame. Shak. 
Publication. Milton. Blaze is a white mark upon 
a horse, descending from the forehead almost to 
the nose. Farrier's Diet. 
To BLAZE, blaze, v. n. To flame. Bacon. To be 

conspicuous. 
To BLAZE, blaze. «. a. To publish. Sidney. To 
blazon. Spenser. To set a white mark on trees, 
by paring off a part of the bark, in order to then- 
being sold or felled. 
BLA'ZER, bla'-zur. 98. n. s. One that spreads re- 
ports. Spejiser. 
TbBLA'ZON, bla'-zn.l70. v. a. [blasonner, Fr.] To 
explain, in proper terms, the figures on ensigns ar- 
morial. Addison. To deck. Garth. To display. 
Shak. To celebrate. Shak. To blaze about. 
Titus Andronicus. 
BLA'ZON, bla'-zn. n. s. The art of drawing coats of 
arms. Peacham. Show ; divulgation. Sluxk. Cel- 
ebration. Sliakspeare. 
BLA'ZONER*, bla'-zn-ur. n. s. A herald 5 also an 

evil speaker. Cotgrave. 
BLA'ZONRY, bla^zn-re. n. s. The art of blazoning 

Peacham. 
BLEA*, ble. n. s. That part of a tree which lies 1m 

mediately under the bark. Chambers. 
To BLEACH §, bleetsh. v. a. [bleichen, Germ.] To 

whiten. Shakspeare. 
To BLEACH, bleetsh. v.n. To grow white. Shak. 
BLE'ACHER*, bleetsh'-ur. n.s. A bleacher of 

clothes. 
BLE'ACHERY* bleetsh'-e-re. n.s. The place 
where the bleacher exercises his trade. Pennant. 
BLEAK§,bleke.a. [blsec, Sax.] Pale. Gower. Cold 3 

chill. Shakspeare. 
BLEAK, bleke. n. s. A small river fish. Walton. 
BLEAKNESS, bleke'-nes. 71. s. Coldness ; chilness. 

Addison. Paleness. Sherwocd. 
BLE'AKLY* bleke'-le. ad. Coldly. May. 
BLE'AKY, ble'-ke. a. Bleak ; cold. Dryden. 
BLEARS, bleer. a. [blaer, Dutch.] Dim v'-th rheum 

or water. Bacon. Dim. Milton. 
BLEAR-EYED', bl.'er'-Jde. a. Having sore eyes. 
141 



BLI 



BLO 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel j— pine, p?n ;— 



Sackville. Having an obscure understanding - . But- 
ler. 
To BLEAR, bleer. v.-a. To make the eyes watery. 

Shakspeare. To dim the ej'es. Raleigh. 
BLE'AREDNESS, bltt'-red-nes. 365. n. s. The 

stale of being bleared. Wiseman.. 
To BLEAT §, blete. v. n.. [blsetan, Sax.] To cry as 

a sheep. Shakspeare. 
BLEAT, blete. n. s. The cry of a sheep or lamb. 

Chapman. 
BLE'ATING* blete'-mg. n. s. The cry of lambs or 

sheep. Bale. 
BLEB, bleb, n. s. A blister. Sprat. 
BLEE*, ble. n. s. [bleo, Sax.] Colour; complexion. 

Cliaucer. Ob. T. 
To BLEED, bleed, v. n. pret. I bled; I have bled. 

[bleban, Sax.] To lose blood. Shak. To die a 
violent death. Pope. To lose blood medicinally. 
To drop, as blood. Pope. 
To BLEED, bleed, v. a. To let blood. Pope. 

BLATE. ( a - BashfuL 

To BLE'MISH§, blemish, v. a. [blesmer, Fr.] To 
mark with any deformity. Sidney. To defame. 
Dnjden. 
BLE'MISH, blem'-lsh. n. s. A mark of deformity. 
Leviticus, xxiv. . Reproach. Hooker. A soil ; taint. 
Sidney. 
BLEMISHLESS*, blem'-Ish-les. a. Without blem- 
ish or spot. Feltham. 

BLE'MISHMENT*, blem'-ish-ment. n. s. Disgrace. 

Bp. Morton.' 
To BLENCH $, blensh. 352. v.n. To shrink. Shak. 
To BLENCH, blensh. v. a. To hinder. Carew. 

BLENCH*, blensh. n. s. [blencke, Teut.] A start. 
Shakspeare. 

BLE'NCHER*, blensh'-fir. n. s. That which may 

frighten. Sir T. Elyot. 
To BLEND §, blend, v. a. preter. I blended; ancient- 
ly, blent, [blenban, Sax.] To mingle together. 
Shakspeare. To confound. Hooker. To pollute. 
Spenser. To blind. Spenser. 

BLE'NDER, blen'-dur. n. s. The person that min- 
gles. Siierwood. 

BLENT, blent. The obsolete participle of blend. 

To BLESS §, bles. v. a. preterit and participle, blessed 
or blest. [blej*fian, Sax.] To make happy. Shak. 
To wish happiness to. Deut. xxxiii. To consecrate 
by a prayer. St. Matt. xiv. To praise ; to celebrate. 
Hooker. 

BLE'SSED, bles'-sed. 361. part. a. Happy. St. Luke, 
xxiii. Holy and happy. St. Luke, i. Happy in 
the joys of heaven. Revelation, xiv. Having re- 
ceived the benediction of another. Pope. 

BLE'SSED Thistle. The name of a plant. 

BLE'SSEDLY, bles'-sed-le. ad. Happily. Sidney. 

ELE'SSEDNESS, bles'-sed-nes. n. s. Happiness; 
felicity. Sidney. Sanctity. Shak. Heavenly feli- 
cit}'. South. Divine favour. Rom. iv. 

BLE'SSER, bles'-sfir. 98. n. s. He that blesses. Bp. 
Taylor. 

BLE'SSING, bleV-slng. 410. n. s. Benediction, l' 
Pet. iii. A declaration by which happiness is 
promised in a prophetick and authoritative man- 
ner. Bacon. Any of the means of happiness, Isa. 
xi.\. Divine favour. Shakspeare. 

BLEST, blest, 361. preterit and part, [from bless.} 
Pope. 

BLEW, blu. The preterit from bfoiv. Knolles. 

BLEYME. n. s. An inflammation in the foot of a 
horse. Farrier's Diet. 

BLIGHT, blite. 393. n. s. [blasrfc, Sax.] Mildew. 
Temple. Any thing nipping, or blasting. V Estrange. 

To BLIGHT, bllte. v. a. To corrupt with mildew. 
Woodward. In general, to blast. Locke. 

To BLIN*, blm. v. a. [blmnan, Sax.] To cease, or 
stop. Spenser. Ob. T. 

BLINDS, blind, a. [blmb, Sax.] Deprived of sight. 
Digby. Intellectually dark. Dryd-en. Unseen ; pri- 
vate. Hooker. Not easily discernible. Bacon. 

To BLIND, blind, v. a. To make blind. Shakspeare. 
To darker. Dryden To darken the understand- 



ing. Milton. To obscure to the understanding 
Stillingjleet. To eclipse. P. Fletcher. 
BLIND, blind, n. s. Something to hinder the sight. 
L' Estrange. Something to mislead the eye, or the 
understanding. Decay of Piety. A hiamg place. 
Dryden. 
To BLFNDFOLD, blind'-f&d. v. a. To hinder from 

seeing. Luke. 
BLFNDFOLD, bllnd'-fold. a. Having the eyes cov 

ered. Spenser. 

BLINDLY, bllnd'-le. ad. Without sight. Browne. 

Implicitly. Dryden. Without judgement. Dryden. 

BLINDMAN'S BUFF, bllnd-manz-buF. n. s. Play 

in which some one is to have his eyes covered, and 

hunt out the rest of the company. Beaumont and 

Fletcher. 

BLFNDNEfcS, bllnd'-nes. n. s. Want of sight. Zech- 

ariah, xii. Ignorance. Spenser. 
BLFNDNETTLE, bllnd'-net-tl. n. s. A plant. 
BLFNDSIDE, blind-side', n. s. Weakness ; weak 

part. Swift. 
BLFNDWORM, bllnd'-wurm. n. s. A small viper, 

called a slow worm*; not venomous. Shakspeare. 
To BLINK §.,blmk. v. n. [blincken, Danish.] To wink. 

Hudibras. To see obscurely. Shakspeare. 
BLINK*, blink, n.s. A glimpse; a glance. Bp. Hall. 
BLI'NKARD, blmk'-urd. 98. n. s. One that has bad 

eyes. Barret. Something twinkling. Hakewill. 
BLlSS §, blis. n. s. [bh rr e, Sax.] The highest degree 
of happiness. Hooker. Felicity in general. Pope. 
BLFSSFUL, bnV-ful. a. Happy in the highest de- 
gree. Spenser. 
BLISSFULLY, bhV-ful-le. ad. Happily. Sherwood. 
BLFSSFULNESS, bnV-ful-nes. n. s. Happiness. 

Barrow. 
BLFSSLESS*, h\h'-\h. a. Without bliss. Hawkins. 
To BLFSSOM, blls'-s&m. v. n. To caterwaul ; to be 

lustful. 
To BLFSSCM, blfV-sSm. v. a. To tup. 
BLIST*. Formerly used for blessed, or blest. 
BUST*, pret. Wounded. Spenser. Ob. T. 
BLISTERS, bhV-tur. 98. n.s. [bluyster, Dutch.] A 
pustule formed by raising the cuticle. Shakspeare. 
Any swelling made by the separation of a film or 
skin from the other parts. Bacon. 
To BLFSTER, btiV-tur. v. n. To rise in blisters. 

Shikspeare. 
To BLFSTER, bhV-tur. v. a. To raise blisters by 
some hurt. Shakspeare. To raise blisters with a 
medical intention. Wiseman. 
BLITE*, bllte. n. s. A genus of plants. Ash. 
BLITHER bllTHe. 467. a. [bliSe, Sax.] Gay; airy. 

Hooker. 
BLFTHEFUL*, bllTH'-ml. a 
BLFTHELY, Uhu'-le. ad. 

Robert of Gloucester. 
BLFTHENESS, blrrH'-nes. 
BLFTHESOMENESS,bllxH'-sum-nes. $ quality of 

being blithe. 
BLFTHESOME, bllTH'-sum. a. Gay; cheerful. 

Philips. 
To BLOAT, bl6te. v. a. To swell, or make turgid. 

Dryden. 
To BLOAT, b!6te. v. n. To grow turgid. Arbnthnol. 
BLOAT, bl6te. a. Swelled with intemperance. Shak 
BLO'ATEDNESS, bkV-ted-nes. n.s. Turgidness. 

Arbuthnot. 
BLO'BBER, blob'-bfir. 98. n. s. A bubble. Carew. 
BLO'BBERLIP, bldb'-bfir-lip. n. s. A thick lip. 

Dryden. 
BLO^BBERLIPPED, bl6b'-bfir-l?pf, 
BLO'BLIPPED, blob'-llpt. 

thick lips. Grew. 
BLOCKS, blok. n. s. [block, Dutch.] A heavy piece 
of limber. Abp. Cranmer. A mass of matter. Ad- 
dison. A massy body. Swift. A rude piece of 
matter. Stillingjleet. The piece of wood on which 
hats are formed. Shak. The wood on which crim- 
inals are beheaded. Shak. An obstruction. Decay of 
Piety. A sea term for a pulley. A blockhead. Donne 
To BLOCK, blok. v. a, [Moqher, Fr^ To shut up 
Clarendon. 

112 



Gay. Minsheu. 

In a blithe manner. 

s. The 



'. Having 
swelled or 



BLO 



BLO 



-116, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pdund ; — thin, THi 



BLOCK-HOUSE, bl6k'-hdfise. n. s. A fortress to 

defend a harbour. Caj-ew. 
BLOCK-TIN, blok-tm'. n. s. Pure or unmixed tin. 

Boyle. 

BLOCKA'DE, bldk-kade'. n.s. A siege carried on 

by shutting up the place. Toiler. 
K> BLOCKADE, bldk-kade'. v. a. To shut up by 

obstruction. Pope. 
BLOCKHEAD, bldk'-hid. n. s. A stupid fellow. 
Shakspeare. 

BLOOKHEADED, blok-hed'-ed. a. Stupid} dull. 
L'Estranoy. 

BLO OKHEADLY*, blok'-hed-le. a. Like a block- 
head. Dn/den. 
BLO CKISH, bl6k'-?sh. a Stupid; dull. Shakspeare. 

BLO'CKISHLY, blok'-ish-le. ad. Li a stupid man- 
ner. Hanwv . 
BLO'CKISHNESS, btik'-ish-nes. n. s. Stupidity ; 
dulness. Hakewill. 

BLO'CKLIKE*, bl6k'-llke. a. Stupid. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

BLO MARY, bl&m'-a-re. n.s. The first forge in the 
iron mills. Diet. 

BLONKET. blOn'-ket. a. Gray. Spenser. 

BLOOD &, bifid. 308. n. s. [blob, Sax.] The red liquor 
that circulates in the bodies of animals. Genesis, ix. 
Child ; progeny. Shakspeare. Family ; kindred. 
Shak. Descent; lineage. Drijden. Blood royal ; 
royal lineage. Sliakspeare. Birth ; high extraction. 
Shak. 31urder 5 violent death. Shak. Life. 2 Sam. 
iv. The carnal part of man. Matthew, xvi. Tem- 
per of mind. H/tdibras. Hot spark ; man of fire. 
Bacon. The juice of anv thing. Genesis, xlix. 

To BLOOD, bifid, v. a. To stain with blood. Dryden. 
To inure to blood, as a hound. Spenser. To let 
blood medically. To heat ; to exasperate. Bacon. 

BLOOD-BESPDTTED*, blfid'-be-spot'-ted. a. 
Spotted with blood. Shakspeare. 

BLOOD-BOLTERED, blfid'-bfil-tfird. a. Having 
the hair of the head clotted with blood. Sliakspeare. 

BLOOD-CONSUMING*, blfid'-kdn-sume'-lng. part, 
a. Consuming or wasting the blood. Shakspeare. 

BLOOD-FRO'ZEN*, blftd'-fro-zn. part. a. Having 
the blood frozen. Spenser. 

BLOOD-HOT, blfid'-hot. a. Hot in the same degree 
with blood. Locke. 

To 3LO0D-LET. bifid -let. v.n. [bloblaefcan. Sax.] 
To bleed. Arbuthnot. 

BLOOD-LETTER, blfid'-let-tfir. n. s. [bloblaefcepe, 
Sax.] A phlebolomist. Wiseman. 

BLOOD-RED*, bifid' -red. a. Red as blood. Mirror 
for Magist rates. 

BLOOD-SHAKEN*, blfid'-sha-kn. part. a. Having 
the blood put in commotion. B. Jonson. 

BLOOD-STAINED*, blfid'-stan'd. a. Smeared or 
stained with blood. Sliakspeare. 

BLOOD-SIZED*, bifid' -siz'd. a. Smeared or sized 
with blood. Beaumpnt and Fletcher. 

BLOOD-STONE, blfid'-stfine. n.s. [haematites.] The 
name of a stone. Woodward on Fossils. 

BLOOD-SWOLN*, blfid'-swoln. a. Suffused with 
blood. Mitt/. 

BLOOD-THIRSTY, blfid'-tftfirs-te. a. Desirous to 
shed blood. Spenser. 

BLOOD-VESSEL, bl&d'-vgs-sfl. * s. A vessel which 
conveys the blood. Addison. 

BLO ODFLOWER, blfid'-flSur. n. s. A plant. 

BLOODGUI'LTINESS, blfid'-gllt-e-nes. n. s. Mur- 
der. Spenser. 

BLOOD FIOUND, blfid'-hofind. n. s. A hound that 
follows by the scent, and seizes with great fierce- 
ness. Dryden. 

BLOODILY, blfid'-e-le. ad. Cruelly. Shalcspeare. 

BLOODINESS, blfid'-e-nes. n.s. The state of being 
bloody.S Wp. The disposition to shed blood. LeNeve. 

BLO'ODLESS, blfid'-Ies. a. Without blood 5 dead. 
Shakspeare. Without slaughter. Waller. Without 
spirit or activity. Sliakspeare. 

BLO'ODSHED, blfid'-shed. n.s. The crime of mur- 
der. Spenser. Slaughter. Spenser. 
LO'ODSHEDDF.R hlft^.clwl.rlr, 



BLO'ODSHEDDER, blfid'-shed-dfir. n. 
derer. Ecclus. 



Mur- 



BLOODSHEDDING* blfid'-shki-ding. n.s. Shed- 

ding of blood. Homilies, ii. 
BLOODSHOT, blfid'-sh6t. ) 103. a. Filled 

BLOODSHO'TTEN, blfid'-shdt-tn. \ with blood 

bursting from its proper vessels. Garth. 
BLOODSUCKER, blfid'-sfik-fir. n.s. A leech; any 

thing that sucks blood. A cruel man. Shakspeare 
BLOODSUCKING*, blfid'-sfik-ing. pari. a. Suck 

ing blood. Sha/ispeare. 
BLOOD W A RM*, bifid' -warm. a. Lukewarm. Coles. 
BLOODW1TE, blfid'-wite. n. s. [blobpite, Sax.] 

A fine anciently paid as a compensation ibr bloccl. 
BLOOD WORT, blfid'-wfirt. n. s. A plant. 
BLO'ODY, blfid'-e. a. Stained with blood. Cruel. 

Sidney. 
To BLOODY*, blfid'-e. v. a. [bloeden, Teut.] To 

make bloody. Beaumont and Fletcher, 
BLOODY-EYED*, blfid'-e-lde. a. Having bloody 

or cruel eves. Lord Brooke. 
BLOODY-FACED*, blfid'-e-faste. part. a. Having 

a bloody appearance. Shakspeare. 
BLOODY-FLUX, blfid'-e-flfiks. n. s. The dysen- 
tery, in which the excrements are mixed with blood. 

Arbnihnot. 
BLOODY-FLUXED*, blfid'-e-flfikst. a. Afflicted 

with the bloody-flux. Bp. Hall 
BLOODY-HUNTING*, bifid e-hfin-tlng. part. a. 

Hunting for blood. Shakspeare. 
BLOODY-MINDED, blfid'-e-mlnd-eU a. Cruel. 

Dryden. 
BLOODY-RED*, blfid'-e-rSd. a. Having the colour 

of blood. Philosophical Transactions. 
BLOODY -SCEPTERED*, blfid'-e-sep-tfir'd. part. 

a. Having a sceptre obtained by blood. Shakspeare. 
BLOOM §, blfifim. n.s. [bloma, Goth.] A blossom. 

Milton. The state of immaturity. Dryden. The blue 

colour upon plums and grapes newly gathered. A 

piece of iron wrought into a mass, two feet square 
To BLOOM, blfifim. v. a. To produce the blossom. 

Numbers. To produce, as blossoms. Spenser. 
To BLOOM, blofim. v. n. To bring blossoms. Bacon 

To be in a state of youth. Pope. 
BLOOMINGLY, blfifim'-hig-le. ad. In a blooming 

manner. 
BLOOMY, bl66n/-me. a. Full of blooms. Milton. 
BLORE, blfire. n. s. Act of blowing; blast. Cliapman 
BLO'SSOM§, blos'-sfim. ]f»6. n.s. [bloyme, Sax.] 

The flower that grows on a plant, previous to Uie 

seed or fruit. Shakspeare. 
To BLO SSOM, bl&s'-sfim. v. n. To put forth blos- 
soms. Shakspeare. 
BLO'SSOMY*, blos'-sfim-e. a. Full of blossoms. 

Chaucer. 
To BLOT $, bldt. v. a. [blotter, Fr.] To obliterate. 

Shaksjieare. To efface ; to erase. Dryden. To 

make black spots on. Ascham. To disgrace. Shak. 

To darken. Coivley. 
BLOT, bl&t. n. s. An obliteration of writing. Dryden 

Extinction of light. Milton. A blur. A spot in 

reputation. Shakspeare. 
BLOTCH, blotsh. n. s. [from blot.] A spot upon the 

skin. Harvey. 
To BLOTCH*, blotsh. ) ^ K] . „ 
To BLATCH*, blatsh. \ * «- Tob,acken - Harmar - 
To BLOTE, blfite. v. a. To dry by the smoke ; as 

bloted herrings. Sherwood. 
BLO'TTING, blot'-tmg. n. s. The making spots or 

marks on paper. Bp. Taylor. 
BLOW $, b!o. 324. n. s. [blowe, Dutch.] A stroke. Shak. 

The stroke of death. Dryden. A sudden calamity. 

Jeremiah. A single action. Dryden. The act of a 

fly> by which she lodges eggs in flesh. Chapman. 
BLOW, bio. n. s. [blopan, Sax.] Bloom. Toiler. 
To BLOW §, blfi. v. n. pret. bleiv; particip. pass, bloicn. 

[blapan, Sax.] To make a current of air. Ecclus 

Dryden. To pant. Shak. To breathe. L 'Estrange. 

To sound with being blown. Milton. To sound. 

Joshua. — To blow over. To pass away without ef- 
fect. Bacon. To bloto up. To fly into the air by 

the force of gun-powder. Toiler. 
To BLOW, blfi. v. a. To drive by the wind. Shak. 

To inflame with wind. Isaiah. To swell. Shak. To 
143 



BLU 



BOA 



KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



form into shape by the breath. Boyle. To sound 
wind musick. Jeremiah. To warm with the breath. 
Shak. To spread by report. Dry den— To blow out. 
To extinguish by wind. Shak. To blow up. To 
raise, or swell wit 1 breath ; to inflate; to burst with 
gunpowder. Sliafc. To blow up. To kindle". Dry- 
den. To blow up. To move by afflatus. Addison. 
To blow upon. To make stale. Addison. 

To BLOW §, bl6. v. n. To bloom. Milton. ' 

To BLOW, bl6. v. a. To cause to blossom. B. Jonson. 

BLO'WER, bl<V-fir. n. s. A melter of tin. Carew. 
That which draws up the fire in a stove or chim- 
ney. 

BLO'WING, bl6Mng. n. s. The act of blowing; as, 
the blowing of the wind. 

BLOWN, blone. The participle passive of blow. Sid- 
ney. 

BLO'WBALL*, bW-bawl. n. s. The herb dandelion 
in seed. B. Jonson. 

BLO' WPIPE*, blo'-plpe. n. s. A tube used by various 
artificers. 

BLO'WPOINT r bl6 / -pomt.rc.s. A child'splay. Donne. 

BLOWTH, b\bth. n.s. Bloom. Raleigh. 

BLOWZE, bl&uze. 323. n. s. A ruddy, fat-faced 
wench. Bp. Hall. 

BLO'WZY, bld&'-ze. a.-Sun-burnt; high coloured. 

To BLUB*, blub. v. a. [See Bleb.] To swell. Mir- 
ror/or Magistrates. 

BLU'BBERl, blub'-b&r. n.s. The fat of whales. 

BLU'BBER* blub'-bur. n.s. The sea-nettle. 

To BLU'BBER, bl&b'-bur. v.n. To weep in such a 
manner as to swell the cheeks. Shakspeare. 

To BLU'BBER, blub'-b&r. v. a. To swell the cheeks 
with weeping. Sidney. 

BLUBBERED, blub'-b&r'd. particip. a. Swelled. 
Dryden. 

BLUDGEON, blfid'-jftn. 259. n. s. A short stick, with 
one end loaded, used as an offensive weapon,. 

BLUE % blu. 335. a. [bleep, Sax.] One of the seven 
original colours. Sliakspeare. 

BLU 7 EBOTTLE, blu'-b&t-tl. n.s. A flower of the , 
bell shape. Ray. A fly with a large blue belly. 
Prior. 

BLUE-EYED, bhY-lde. a. Having blue eyes. Cra- 
shaw. 

BLUE-HAIRED, bhV-har'd. a. Having blue hair. 
Milton. 

BLU'ELY, biuMe. ad. With a blue colour. More. 

BLUENESS, blu'-nfis. m s. The quality of being 
blue. Boyle. The livid appearance of a wound. 
Proverbs. 

BLUE-VEINED*, blu'-van'd. a. Having blue streaks 
or veins. Shakspeare. 

BLUFF, bl&f. a. Big. Dryden,. Obtuse. Atkins. 

BLU'FFNESS*, bluf -ne*s. n. s. Surliness ; bloated- 
ness. The World. 

BLUISH, bUV-lsh. a. Blue in a small degree. Shak. 

BLU'ISHNESS, blu'-fsh-nes. n. s. A small degree 

of blue colour. Boyle. 
To BLUNDER §, blfin'-dur. 98. v. n. [blunderen, 
Dutch.] To mistake grossly. South. To flounder. 
Pope. 
To BLUNDER, blfin'-dfir. v. a. To mix foolishly. 
Stilling fleet. To make to blunder. Ditton. 

BLU'NDER, blun'-dur. n. s. A gross mistake. Ad- 
dison. 

BLUNDERBUSS, blfin'-dur-bus. n. s. A gun that is 

discharged with many bullets. Dryden. 
BLUNDERER, bl&n'-dfir-ur. n. s. A man that com- 
mits blunders. Watts. 
BLUNDERHEAD, blun'-dur-heU n. s. A stupid 

fellow. L' Estrange. 
BLUNDERINGLY*, blun'-dur-fcig-le. ad. In a blun- 
dering manner. Lewis. 
BLUNT §, blfint. a. Dull on the edge. Sidney. Dull 
in understanding. Shakspeare. Rough ; not civil. 
Bacon. Abrupt. Bacon. 
To BLUNT, blunt, v. a. To dull the edge or point. 

Dryden. To repress. Shakspeare. 
BLUNTING*, bl&nf-lng. n.s. Restraint. .Bp. Taylor. 
BLUNTLY, bl&nt'-lc. ad. In a blunt manner; coarse- 
ly. Sliakspeare 



BLUNTNESS, blfinf-nes. n. s. Want of edge 

Suckling. Coarseness Sidney. 
BLUNTWITTED, bl&nt'-wlt-teU a. Dull; stupid 

Sluikspeare. 
BLUR§, blur. n.s. [borra, Span.] A blot; a stain. 

South. 
To BLUR, blur, v. a. To blot. Shakspeare. To stain. 

Hudibras. 
To BLURT, blurt, v. a. To speak inadvertently. Shak. 
To BLUSH §, blush, v. n. [blosen, Dutch.] To betray 

shame or confusion, by a red colour on the cheek 

or forehead. Sliak. To carry a red colour. Shak. 
To BLUSH, bl&sh. v. a. To make red. Shakspeare 
BLUSH, blush, n.s. The colour in the cheeks raised 

by shame or confusion. Pope. A red or purple 

colour. Sudden appearance ; as, first blush. Locke. 

Resemblance, 
BLU'SHET*, bl&sh'-el. n.s. A young modest girl. 

B. Jonson. 
BLU'SHFUL* blfish'-ful. a. Full of blushes. Thorns. 
BLUSHING*, blfish'-lng. n. s. The appearance of 

colour. Bp. Taylor. 
BLU'SHLESS*, blush'-les. a. Without a blush ; im- 



pudent. 

BLU'SHY, blusV-e. a. Having the colour of a blush. 
Bacon. 

To BLU'STER §, bhV-tur. v.n. [supposed from blast.] 
To roar as a storm. Spenser. • To bully. Dryden. 

To BLUNTER*, blus'-t&r. v. a. To blow down. 
Seasonable Sermon. 

BLU'STER, blus'-tur. n. s. Roar of storms. Shak. 
Noise. Swift. Turbulence. Sliakspeare. Boast. 
L'Estrange. 

BLUSTERER, blus'-tur-ur. n. s. A swaggerer. 
Sliakspeare. 

BLISTERING* bbV-tur-fng. n. s. Tumult; noise. 
South. 

BLU'STEROUS, blfis'-ter-us. a. Tumultuous. Shak. 

B-MI. n. s. A note in musick. Shakspeare. 

BO, b6. inter j. A word of terrour. Temple. 

BO'AR §, bore. 295. n. s. [bap, Sax.] The male swine. 
Shakspeare. 

BO'AR-SPEAR, bire'-spere. n. s. A. spear used in 
hunting the boar. Spenser. 

BOARD §, b6rd. n. s. [bopb, Sax.] A piece of wood 
of more length and breadth than thickness. Ra- 
leigh. A table. Spenser. Entertainment. Dryden. 
A table at which a council or court is held. Clar- 
endon. An assembly seated at a table ; a court 
of jurisdiction. Bacon. The deck of a ship. Dryden. 

To BOARD, b6rd. v. a. To enter a ship by force. 
Shakspeare. To attack ; to accost. Spenser. To 
lay with boards. Moxon. 

To BOARD, bird. v. n. To live in a house at a cer- 
tain rate for eating. Herbert. 

To BOARD, b6rd. v. a. To place as a boarder in 
another's house. 

BO'ARDABLE*, bord'-a-bl. a. Approachable. Sher- 
ivood. 

BOARD-WAGES, b6rd-wa'-jk. 99. n.s. Wages 
allowed to servants to keep themselves in victuals. 
Dryden. 

BO'ARDER, bo-r'-dfir. n.s. One that eats with an- 
other at a settled rate. Sliencood. 

BO'ARDING-SCHOOL, bird'-lng-skool. n. s. A 
school where the scholars live with the teacher 
Swift. 

BO'ARISH^reMsh. a. Swinish; brutal. Shakspeare. 

To BOAST §, b6st. v.n. [bostio, Welsh.] To brag 

Milton. To talk ostentatiously. 1 Cor. To exalt 

one's self. Ezekiel. 

To BOAST, b6st. v. a. To brag of. 2 Cor. vii. To 

magnify ; to exalt. Psalm xlix. 

BOAST, b6st. n. s. An expression of ostentation. 
Rom.Yi. A cause of boasting. Pope. 

BO'ASTER, b6sf-ur. n. s. A bragger. Boyle. 
BO'ASTFUL, bost'-f&l. a. Ostentatious. Shakspeare 
BO'ASTING*, bosf-'ing. n. s. An expression of os- 
tentation. St. James, iv. 
BO'ASTINGLY, bosf-mg-le. ad. Ostentatiously 

Decay of Piety. 
EC' A STIVE*, bost'-lv. a. Presumptuous. Shenstone, 
144 



I 



BOD 






*■ 






BOL 


— 116, move, 


nor 


not;- 


-tube, tfib, bull ;- 


-M-, 


— pdund 


, — thin, THis. 



BOASTLESS* bost'-les. a. Without ostentation. 

Thomson. 
BOATS, W'e- 295. n. s. [bat, Sax.] A vessel to pass 

the water in. Raleigh. A ship ot a small size. 
BOATION. bo-a'-siiun. n. s. [boare, Lat.] Roar; 

noise. Derham. 
BOATMAN, b6te'-man. ) 83. n. s. He that man- 
BO'ATSMAN, bdtes'-man. > ages a boat. Dryden. 

Prior. 
BOATSWAIN, bo'-sn. n. s. [bafcypan, Sax.] An 
officer on board a ship, who has charge of her rig- 
ging" and loiig-boat ; and calls out the several 
gangs, &.c. Harris. 
$&• This word is universally pronounced in common con- 
versation as it is here marked: but in reading it would 
savour somewhat of vulgarity to contract it to a sound 
so very unlike the orthography. It would be advisable 
therefore, in those who are not of the naval profession, 
where it is technical, to pronounce this word, when they 
read it, distinctly as it is written. W\ 

jfoBOBS, bdb. v. a. To cut. Robinson. To beat. 
Sir T. Ehjot. To cheat. Shak. To touch gently. 
To BOB, bob. v. n. To play backward and forward. 
Shak. Dnjden. To bob for fish, a term in angling. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BOB, l>6b. n. s. Something that hangs so as to play 
loosely. Dryden. The words repeated at the end 
of a stanza. U Estrange. A blow. Ascha?n. A 
term in ringing. A worm used for a bait in an- 
gling. Walton. A bobwig. Slwnslom. 
BOB*)*, b6b. n.s. A sneering joke. Beaumont and 

Fletcher. 
BOBA'NCE*, bo-banse'. n. s. [Fr.] Boasting. Clxau- 

cer. Ob. T. 
BO'BBIN, bdb'-bln. n.s. [bohine, Fr.] A small pin of 

wood used in lace-making. Milton. 
BO'BBINWORK, b6b -bhi-wurk. n. s. Work woven 

with bobbins. Grew. 
BO'BCHERRY, bdb'-tsher-re. n. s. A play among 
children, in which the cherry is hung so as to bob i 
against the mouth. Arbvthnot. 
BO'BTAIL, bob'-lale. n. s. Cut tail. SliaJcspeare. 
BO'BTAILED, bob'-lal'd. 359. a. Having a tail cut, 

or short. V Estrange. 
BOBW'IG, bob' -wig. n. s. A short wig. Spectator. 
BO'CASINE, bdk'-a-sm. n. s. [boccasin, Fr.] A 
kind of fine buckram, resembling taffeta; cala- 
manco. Cotgrave. 
BO'CKELET, b6k'-e-let. ) n. s. A kind of long- 
BOCKERET, bdk'-e-ret. \ winged hawk. Diet. 
To BODE S, bode. c. a. [bobian, Sax.] To portend. 

Shakspeare. 
To BODE, bode. v. n. To be an omen. Dryden. 
BODE, bide. n. s. An omen. Cluzucer. Delay or 

stop. Chaucer. 
BO'DEMENT, b6de'-ment. n. s. Portent; omen. 

Shakspeare. 
To BODGE$, bodje. v. n. To boggle; lo stop. 

SliaJcspeare. 
BODGE*, bodje. n. s. A botch. Whitlock. 
BO' DICE, b&d'-dis. 142. n. s. Stays. Prior. 
BO'DBSD*, b6d'-dld. a. Having a body. Shakspeare. 
BO'DILESS, bod'-de-les. a. Incorporeal. Davies. 
BO'DILINESS*, bSd'-de-le-nes. n. s. Corporality. 

Minskeu. 
BODILY, b&d'-de-Ie. a. Corporeal. South. Relat- 
ing to the body. Hooker. Real ; actual. Shak. 
BODILY, bod'-de-le. ad. Corporeally-. Watts. 
BODING* bode'-mg. n. s. Omen. Bp. Ward. 
BO'DKIN, bSd'-kln. n. s. [boddiken, or small body.] 
A dagger. Clxaucer. An instrument used to bore 
holes. Sidney. An instrument to draw a thread 
through a loop. Pope. An instrument to dress the 
hair. Pope. Cloth of silk and gold thread. B. Jon- 



Strength : 



as, wine of a good 
Clothing for 



RO'DYS, bc-d'-de. n.s. [bobi£, Sax.] The material 
substance of an animal. 1 Sam. xxxi. Matter : op- 
posed to spirit. A person. Hooker. Reality. Co- 
loss, ii. A collective mass. Hooker. The main 
army. Clarendon. A corporation. Swift. The 
main part ; the bulk. Raleigh. A substance. Boyle. 
[In geometry.] Any solid figure. A pandect ; a 
19 



general collection. 

BOT) Y-CLOTHES, bdd'-de-kl6ze. n. 

horses, that are dieted. 
BODY-GUARD*, b6d'-de-gard. n.s. Properly, the 

life-guards; figuratively, security. Bp. Por'eus. 
To BODY, b6d'-de. v. a. To produce in some form 

Shakspeare. 
BOG?, bog, n.s. [bog, Irish, soft.] A marsh ; a mo 

rass. Shakspeai'e. 
To BOG*, b6g. v. a. To whelm as in mud or mire 

B. Jonson. 
BOG-LAND*, b&g'-land. a. Living in a boggy coun 

try. Di-yden. 
BOG-TROTTER, bdg'-trot-tfir. n. s. One that lives 

in a boggy country. 
BOGLES*, or BO'GGLES*, b6g'-gl. n.s. [bug. 

Celt, a goblin.] A bugbear; a spectre. 
To BO'GGLE, b6g'-g7. 405. v. n. To start. Shak. 

To hesitate. Hudibras. To dissemble. Howell. 
BOGGLER, bog'-glur. n. s. A doubter. Shakspeare. 
BO'GGLISH*, bAg'-glish. a. Doubtful. Bp. Taylor 
BOGGY, b&g'-ge. 183. a. Marshy; swampy. Milton 
BOGHOUSE, bV-hSuse. n. s. A house of office. 
BOHE'A, b6-h(V. n. s. A species of tea. Woodward. 
To BOILS, b6ll. 299. v. n. [bullio, Lat.] To be agi- 
tated by heat. Chapman. To be hot. Dryden. To 
move like boiling water. Gay. To cook by boil- 
ing. Swift. 
To BOIL, bdll. v. a. To heat by putting into boiling 

water. Bacon. 
BOIL. See Bile. 
BOILER, boil'-ur. n. s. The vessel in which any 

thing is boiled. Woodward. 
BO'ILERY, b6?l'-e-re. n. s. A place at the salt-works 

where the salt is boiled. 
BO'ILING*, b&V-hg. n. s. Ebullition. 
BOTSTEROUS S, b6?s'-ter-fis. a. [bwyst, owystus, 
Welsh.] Violent; loud. Slmk. Turbulent. Shak. 
Unwieldy. Spenser. Violent. Natural History. 
BOISTEROUSLY, bdis'-ter-us-le. ad. Violently; 

tumultously. Shakspeare. 
BO'ISTEROUSNESS, bSIs'-tSr-us-nCs. n. s. Turbu- 
lence. More. 
BO'LARY, b6'-la-re. a. Partaking of the nature of 

bole, or clay. Brown. 
BOLDS, bcSld.a. [balb, Sax.] Daring ; brave. Prov- 
erbs, xxviii. Executed with spirit. Addison. Con- 
fident. 1 Tlies. ii. Impudent. Ecclus. vi. Licen- 
tious. Cowley. Striking to the eye. Dryden. Open; 
smooth. Howell. — To make bold. To take freedoms. 
Shakspeare. 
To BOLD*, bold. v. a. To bolden : to make bold. 

A. Hall. Ob. T. 
To BO LDEN, bold'-d'n. 103. v. a. To make bold. 

Ascham. 
BO'LDFACE, bc-ld'-fase. n. s. Impudence ; sauci 

ness; a term of reproach. L'Eslnnge. 
BOLDFACED, b6ld'-faste. a. Impudent. Bp. Bram- 

luill. 
BOLDLY, bild'-le. ad. In a bold manner. 
BOLDNESS, bold'-n&s. n. s. Courage. Sidrrnj. 
Exemption from caution. Dryden. Freedom. 2 
Cor. vii. Confident trust in God. Hooker. As 
surance. Bacon. Impudence. Hooker. 
BOLES, bile. n. s. The body of a trunk of a tree 
Chapman. A kind of earth. A measure of corn 
containing six bushels. Mortimer. 
BO' LIS, btV-lk n. s. [Lat.] A great fiery ball, swift- 
ly hurried through the air, and generally drawing 
a tail after it. Muschenbroeck. 
To BOLLS, b6le. v. n. [bulna, Goth.] To rise into a 

roundish form ; to swell. Exodus, ix. 
BOLL, bole. 406. n. s. A round stalk or stem. 
BOLSTERS, bole'-stur. n. s. [bolster, Goth.] Some- 
thing laid on the bed to support the head. Milton. 
A pad, or quilt. Swift. A compress on a wound. 
Wiseman. 
To BOLSTER, b6le'-stur. v.. a. To support the head 
with a bolster. To afford a bed to. Shak. To 
hold wounds together with a compress. Sharp. 
To support. Hooker. 

ir 145 



BOM 



BON 



0» 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— p ne, p?n 



BOLSTERED*, bole'-st&rd. a. Swelled out. Tatier. 

BOLSTERER* b6le'-star-ar. n. s. A supporter; a 
maintainer. Bp. Bancroft. 

BOLSTERING*, b6le'-st&r-mg. «. s. A prop; a 
support. Bp. Taylor. 

BOLT §, bolt. «.*. [Aotff, Goth.] An arrow. Shak. 
lightning ; a thunderbolt. Dry den. Bolt upriglii ; 
upright as an arrow. Grew. The bar of a door. 
Shak. An iron to fasten the legs. Shak. A sieve. 
B. Jonson. 

To BOLT, bolt. v. a. To shut with a bolt. Dryden. 
To blurt out precipitantly. Milton. To fasten, as 
a bolt, or pin ; to pin. B. Jonson. To fetter. 
Shak. Tosiftwithasieve. Spenser. To examine 
by sifting. Bacon. To purify ; to purge. SJiak. 

To BOLT, bolt. v. n. To spring out with speed and 
suddenness. Drayton. 

BOLT-ROPE, bolt'-r6pe. n. s. The rope on which 
the sail of a ship is fastened. Sea Diet. 

BOLTER, b6l / -t&r. n. s. [bulter, old Fr.] A sieve. 
Shakspeare. A kind of net. Carew. 

To BO'LTER*, bol'-t&r. v. a. To besmear. Shak. 

BOLTHEAD, b6lt'-hed. n. s. A long, strait-necked, 
glass vessel, for chymical distillations. Boyle. 

BOLTING-HOUSE, b6lt'-Tng-house. 7i.s. The place 
where meal is sifted. Dennis. 

BOLTING-HUTCH*, b6lt'-ing-hotsh. n. s. The 
tub for the bolted meal. Shakspeare. 

BO'LTING-TUB*, b6lt'-kg-tob. n. s. A tub to sift 
meal in. B. Jonson. 

BOLTSPRIT, or BOWSPRIT, b6'-sprit. n. s. A 
mast running out at the head of a ship, not stand- 
ing upright, but aslope. Sea Diet. 

BO'LUS, b6'-las. n. s. [/foAo?.] A form of medicine, 
resembling, but larger than pills. Wiseman. 

BOMB §, bum. 165. n. s. [bomme, Teut.] A loud noise. 
Bacon. A hollow iron ball, or shell, filled with 
gunpowder, and furnished with a vent for a fusee, 
or wooden tube, filled with combustible matter; 
to be thrown out from a mortar. Chambers. The 
stroke upon a bell, called the borne of the bell. 

55~I do not hesitate to follow Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Nares, 
in this word, and all its compounds, in giving the its 
fourth sound, equivalent to the second sound of u, though 
contrary to Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation, which makes 
it rhyme with Tom, from, &c. Dr. Johnson's deriva- 
tion of the verb to bump, from the same origin as bomb, 
makes the pronunciation I have given more agreeable 
to analogy. W. 

To BOMB*, bum. v. n. To sound. B. Jonson. 
To BOMB, bum. v. a. To bombard. Prior. 
BOMB-CHEST, b&m'-tshest. n. s. A chest filled 
usually with bombs, placed under ground, to blow 
it up in the air. Chambers. 
BOMB-KETCH, bom'-kelsh. ) n. s. A kind of ship, 
BOMB-VESSEL, bom'-ves-sel. S strongly built, to 
bear the shock of a mortar, when bombs are to be 
fired. Addison. 
BOMBARD, b&m'-bard. n. s. [bombarda, Lat.] A 
great gun. Knolles. A barrel. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To BOMBA'RD, bom-bard' 

bombs. Addison. 
BOMBARDIER, bum-bar-deer'. 275. n 

gineer who shoots bombs. Tatier. 
BOMBARDMENT, bfim-bard'-ment. n. s. An at- 
tack by throwing bombs. Addison. 
BOMBASFN, bom-ba-zeen'. n. s. [bombijcinus, Lat.] 
A slight silken stuff, for mourning. Sir T. Herbert. 
BO'MBAST§, bum'-bast. n. s. A stuff of soft loose 
texture, used to swell the garment. Sliak. Fus- 
tian ; big words, without meaning. Donne. 
BO'MBAST, bom-bast', a. High sounding. Shak. 
To BOMBAST*, bom-bast', v. a. To inflate. Bp. 

Hall. 
BOMBA'STICK*, b&m-bas'-tlk. a. Of great sound 

with little meaning. Shaftesbury. 
BOMBA'STRY*, bum-bas'-tre. n.s. Swelling words 

without much meaning ; fustian. Svnft. 
BOMBILA'TION, bom-be-la'-sh&n. n. s. [hombilo, 

Lat J Sound ; noise. Brown. 
BOMBY'CINOUS, bom-bfs'-se-nos. a. \bombvcinus, 
Lat.] Made of silk. Coles. 



To attack with 



The en 



BO'MBYX*, bum'-blks. n.s. [/fyjfof] The silk 
worm. 

BONA FIDE*, bo'-na-fl'-de. [Lat.] Really: truly. 

BONAROBA, bo-na-r6'-ba. n. s. [buona robx, 
Ital.] A showy wanton. Sliakspeare. 

BONA 7 ! R* bo-nure'. a. [bonnaire, FrJ Complaisant ; 
yielding. Salisbury Manual. Ob. T. 

BONA'SUS, bo-na'-sos. n. s. A kind of buffalo. 

BONCHIEF*, b&n'-tshif. n. s. [ban chef, Fr.] Good 
consequence. Thorpe. 

BONCHRETIEN, b&n-kret'-tsheen. n.s. [Fr.] 
A species of pear, so called. Howell. 

BOND §, bond. n. s. [bonb,, Sax.] Cord or chain. 
Shak. Ligament. Locke. Union. Men-timer. [In 
the plural.] Chains ; imprisonment. Acts xxiii. 
Cement of union. Sliak. A writing of obligation 
to pay a sum, or perform a contract. Shak. Obli- 
gation. Sliakspeare. 

BOND, b&nd. a. Captive. 1 Cor. 

BO'NDAGE, bSn'-daje. 90. n. s. Captivity. Sidney. 
Obligation. Pope. 

BONDMAID, b&nd'-made. n. s. A woman slave. 
Shakspeare. 

BO'NDMAN, bond'-man. ) 88. n. s. A man slave. 

BO'NDSMAN, b&ndz'-man. ( Hooker. 

BO'NDSERVANT, b&nd'-ser-vant. n, s. A slave. 
Leviticus, xxv. 

BONDSERVICE, b&nd'-sSr-vis. n. s. Slavery. 2 
Kings, ix. 

BO'NDSLAVE, b6nd / -slave. n. s. A man in slave- 
ry. Sidney. 

BO'NDSMAN, b6ndz'-man. 88. n. s. A slave. Der- 
ham. A person giving security for another. 

BONDSWOMAN, b&ndz'-wom-on. n. s. A woman 
slave. B. Jonson. 

BONDWOMAN*, bond'-wom-on. n.s. She who is a 
slave. Gakxtians. 

BONE§, bone. n.s. [ban, Sax.] The solid parts of the 
body of an animal. Quincy. A fragment of meat 
Dryden. — To be upon the bones. To attack. L'Es 
trange. To make no bones. To make no scruple 
Bp. Hall. Bones. A sort of bobbins, for weaving 
bonelace. Shakspeare. Bones. Dice. Dryden. 

To BONE, b6ne. v. a. To take out the bones from 
the flesh. 

BONE-ACHE*, b6ne'-ake. n. s. Pain in the bones. 
Shakspeare. 

BONED*, b&n'd. a. Bony ; large. Dryden. " 

BO'NELACE, b6ne-lase'. n. s. [from bone and lace; 
the bobbins with which lace is woven, being fre- 
quently made of bones.] Flaxen lace. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

BO'NELESS, b6ne'-les. a. Wanting bones. Shak- 
speare. 

To BO'NESET, b6ne'-sel. v. n. To restore a bone 
out of joint to its place ; or join a bone broken to 
the other part. Wiseman. 

BONESETTER, b6ne'-sel-tor. n. s. One who pro- 
fesses the art of restoring broken or luxated bones. 
Denham. 

BONE'TTA*, b6-net'-ta. n. s. A sea fish. Sir T. 
Herbert. 

BO'NFIRE, b&n'-flre. n. s. [bon and fire, Fr.] A 
fire made for some publick cause of triumph. 
Spenser. 

3^- Mr. Sheridan pronounces this word bonefire ; Dr. 
Kenrick, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and VV. Johnston, make 
the first syllable rhyme with don ; and though in the 
first edition of this Dictionary I made it rhyme with 
tun, I now prefer the sound rhyming with don. W. 

BO'NGRACE, b&n'-gras. n. s. [bonne grace, Fr.] A 
forehead-cloth, or covering for the forehead. Beau- 
niont and Fletcher. 

To BONIFY*, b&n'-ne-fl. v. a. [bonifier, oldFr.] To 
convert into good. Cudworth. 

BO'NITY*, bon'-e-te. n. s. Goodness. Ob. T. 

BON MOT*, b&n-mo'. [Fr.] A jest; a witty re- 

BON'nETS, bftn'-nlt. 99. n.s. A covering for the 
head. Shak. [In fortification.] A kind of little 
ravelin. 
I BO'NNETS, b&n'-nlts. n. s. [In the sea language.] 
146 



BOO 



BOR 



-n6, move, nor, »6t ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pdund ;— tlim, this. 



Small sails set on the courses on the mizen, main- 
sail, and foresail. Chambers. 
7 , oBONNET*,b6n / -nu.i!.». To pull off the bonnet; 

to make obeisance. Shakspeare. 
BO'NNIBEL*, bdn'-ne-bel. n. s. [bonne and belle, 

Fr.] A handsome girl. Spenser. 
BONN1LASS*, b6n'-ne-las. «. s. A beautiful maid. 

f Sm e m t r , 
BO'NNH.Y, b&n'-ne-le. ad. Gayly; handsomely. 
BONN1NESS, bdn'-ne-nes. n. s. Gayety; hand- 
someness ; plumpness. 
BONNY$, bdn'-ne. a. [bonne, Fr.] Handsome. Shak. 
Gay ; merry. Shakspeare. Generally used in con- 
versation for plump. 
BONNY-CLABBER, b&n'-ne-klab'-bur. n. s. [baine, 
milk, and clabar, mire,. Irish.] Sour buttermilk. B. 
Jonson. 
BONY, b6'-ne. a. Consisting of bones. Donne. Full 

of bones. Strong. Thomson. 
BONZES*, bon'-zez. n. s. Priests of Japan, Ton- 

quin, and China. Sir T. Herbert. 
BOOBY, bod'-be. n. s. [bube, Germ.] A duli, stu- 
pid fellow. Prior. A bird so called. Sir T.HerbeH. 
BOOK §, book, [buk, Perry and Jones.] n. s. [boc, 
Sax.] A volume in which we read or write. Sluik. 
A particular part of a work Burnet. A trader's ac- 
count of debts. Shak. — In books. In kind remem- 
brance. Addison. Witlwut book. By memory. 
Hooker. 
To BOOK, b66k. v. a. To register in a book. Shak. 

To have a knowledge of books. Gower. 
BOOK-KEEPER*, bSdk'-keep-iV. n. s. The keeper 

of a book of accounts. 
BOOK-KEEPING, b66k'-keep-mg. n. s. The art 

of keeping accounts. Harris. 
BO'OKBINDER, b6Sk'-bln-dur. n. s. A man whose 

profession it is to bind books. Bale. 
BOOKCASE*, boSk'-kase. n. s. A case for holding 

books. 
BO'OKFUL, bo6k'-ful. a. Full of notions gleaned 

from books. Pope. 
BOOKISH, bdSk'-lsh. a. Given to books. Shak. 
BO'OKISHLY*, bo6k'-lsh-le. ad. In a way devoted 

to books. Thurlow. 
BO'OKISHNESS, bo6k'-?sh-nes. n. s. Much appli- 
cation to books. Whitlock. 
BOOKLAND*, odok'-land. n. s. fboclanb, Sax.] 

The same as free socage lands. Blackstone. 
BOOKLEARNED, bodk'-lem-ed. a. Versed in 

books. Dnideit. 
BOOKLEARN1NG, book'-lern-lng. n.s. Skill in 

literature. Sidney. 
BOOKLESS*, bodk'-les. a. Not given to books. 

Shenstone. 
BO OKMAKING* boOk'-ma-klng. n. s. The art 

of making books. 
BO'OKMAN, b&ok'-man. 88. n. s. Given to the study 

of books. Shakspeare. 
BO OKMATE, boSk'-mate. n. s. School-fellow. 



BO'OKOATH*, book'-iz/t. n.s. The oath made on 

the book. Shakspeare. 
BOOKSELLER, bfiok'-sel-l&r. n.s. He whose pro- 
fession it is to sell books. Walton. 
BO'OKWORM, b&Ok'-wurm. n. s. A worm that 

eats holes in books. Guardian. A student too 

closely given to books. Pope. 
BOOM §, Do6m. n.s. [boom., Dutch, a tree.] A long 

pole used to spread out the clue of the studding sail. 

A pole set up as a mark to show the sailors how to 

steer. Sea Dictionary. A bar of wood laid across 

a harbour. Dryden. 
To BOOM, bS6m. v.n. To rush with violence. Did. 

To swell and fall together. Young. 
BOOMKIN*. See Bumkin. 
BOON, b66n. n. s. [bene., Sax.] A gift; a grant 

Sliakspeare. 
BOON, b&6n. a. [bon, Fr.] Gay; merry. Milton. 

Kind ; bountiful. Milton. 
BOOR§, b6dr. n. s. [beer, Dutch.] A lout; a clown. 

Temple. 
BO'ORISH, boor'-lsh. a. Clownish; ruslick. Shak. 



BOORISHLY, b&dr'-ish-le. ad. In a boorish man 
ner. 

BO'ORISHNESS^oor'-lsh-nes.n. s. Clownishness; 

rusticity. 
BOOSE, b66se. n.s. [bopiS, Sax.] A stall for a 

cow or an ox. 
To BOOT $, boot. v. a. [botjan, Goth.] To profit. 

Hooker. To enrich. Shakspea*- 
BOOTS, b&6t. n.s. Profit; gam. Shak. To boot. 
Over and above. Shakspeare. Booty, or plunder. 
Shakspeare. 
BOOT, b66t. n. s. [bottas, Armorick.l A covering 
for the leg, used by horsemen. SJuzk. A kind ot 
rack for the leg, formerly used in Scotland for tor 
turing criminals. Burnet. 
BOOT of a Coach. The space between the coach 

man and the coach. Sir H. Wotton. 
To BOOT, b66t. v. a. To put on boots. Shak. 
BOOT-CATCHER, boot'-ketsh-ur. n. s. The per- 
son whose business at an inn is to pull off the boots 
of passengers. Swift. 
BOOT-HOSE, boot'-hize. «. s. Stockings to serve 

for boots. Shakspeare. 
BOOT-TREE, boot'-tree. n. s. Two pieces of wood, 
shaped li!;e a leg, to be driven into boots, for 
stretching and widening them. 
BO'OTED, boot'-ed. a. In boots. B. Jonson. 
BOOTH §. b66TH. n. s. [boed, Dutch.] A tempora- 
ry house built of boards. Camden. 
BOOTLESS, b66tMes. a. [botlea r , Sax.] Useless. 

Spenser. Without success. Shakspeare. 
BO'OTLESSLY*, boot'-les-le. ad. Uselessly. Fan- 

shawe. 
BOOTY, b66t'-e. n.s. [buyl, Dutch.] Plunder. 
Milton. Things gotten by robbery. Shak. To 
play booty. To play dishonestly. L'Estrange. 
BOPE'EP, bd-peep'. ti.s. The act of looking out, 
and drawing back as if frighted, in order to fright 
some other. Shakspeare. 
BO'RABLE, bfr-ra-bl. a. That may be bored. 
BORA'CHIO, bo-rat'-tsho. n. s. [boiracho, Span.] 

A bottle, or cask. Dryden. 
BORAGE, bur'-ldje. 90, 165. n. s. [borago, Lat.] 

A plant. Miller. 
BO'RAMEZ,bbr'-&-m&. n. s. The Scythian lamb. 

Brown. 
BO 1 RAX, bo'-raks. n. s. [borax, Lat.] An artificial 
salt, prepared from sal ammoniac, nitre, calcined 
tartar, sea salt, and alum, dissolved in wine. 
Quincy. 
BORBORYGM*, bar'-bo-rfm. n. s. [jloppopvyixos.] 
A term in medicine, for a rumbling noise in the 
guts. Glos. Anglic. Nov. 
RORDAGE*. See Bord-lands. 
BORD-HALFPENNY*. n. s. Money paid for set- 
ting up boards or a stall in a fair or market. Burn. 
BORD-LANDS*. n. s. Demesnes formerly appro- 
priated by the owners of lands, for the maintenance 
of their bord or table. Cowel. 
BORDEL &, b6V-del. ? n. s. [bordeel, Teut.] A 

BORDELLO, b6r-deF-l6. ( brothel. B. Jonson. 
BORDELLER*, bSr'-del-ur. n. s. The keeper of 

a brothel. Gower. Ob. T. 
BORDER §, bSr'-dur. 98. n. s. [bord, Germ.] The 
outer part or edge. Bacon. The march or edge 
of a country. Spenser. The outer part of a gar 
ment. A bank raised round a garden. Spenser. 
To BORDER, b6V-dur. v. n. To confine upon. 

Knolles. To approach nearlv to. Tilhtson. 
To BO RDER, bor'-dfir. v. a'. To adorn with a bor- 
der. Warton. To reach ; to touch. Raleigh. To 
keep within bounds. Shakspeare. 
BORDERER, bdr'-dur-fir. 555. n. s. He that 
dwells on the borders. Shak. He that approaches 
near. B. Jonson. 
BO'RDRAGING*, b&rd'-ra-jlng. n.s. An incursion 

on the borders of a country. Spenser. 
To BORES, bore. v. a. [bopian, Sax.] To pierce. 
Shak. To hollow. Digby. To make by piercing. 
Ray. To break through. Gay. 
To BORE, bore. v. n. To make a hole. Wilkins. 
To push forward towards a certain point. Shak. 
147 



BOS 



BOU 



\ET 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ; 



To BORE, b6re. v. n. [With farriers.] Is when a 

horse carries his nose near the ground. Diet. 
BORE, bdre. n s The hole made by boring - . Milton. 
The instrument with which a hole is bored. Moxon. 
The size of any hole. Boyle. 
BORE*, bore. n. s. A tide swelling above another 

tide. Burke. 
BORE, b6re. The preterit of bear. Dryden. 
BO'REAL, b6'-re-al. a. Northern. Pope. 
BO'REAS, b6'-re-as. n. s. [Lat.] The north wind. 

Milton. 
BORECOLE*, bdre'-k&e. n. s. A species of cab- 
bage. 
BO'REE, b6-ree'. n. s. A kind of dance. Swift. 
BORER, b6re'-ur. n. s. A piercer. Moxon. 
To be BORN, bdrn. v. n. pass. To come into life. 
Shak. It is usually spoken with regard to circum- 
stances; as, he was born a prince. Dryden. 
BORNE, borne. Thenar*, pass, of bear. Bacon. 
BO/ROUGH y, bur'-rd. 318, 390. n. s. [bophoe, 

Sax.] A town with a corporation. Pope. 
BOROUGH English, bur'-rd-fng'-gllsh. A custom- 
ary descent of lands or tenements to the owner's 
youngest son ; or, if the owner have no issue, to his 
youngest brother. Cowel. 
L'6'ROUGH-HOLDER*, biV-r6-h6ld-ur. n. s. A 
headborough 



[bupe, Sax.] Rustick ; rude 



BO'RREL, b&K-ril 
Spenser. Ob. T. 
To BO'RROWy, bor'-r6. v. a. [bopgian, Sax.] To 
take from another upon credit. SlwJc. To ask of 
another something for a time. 2 Kings, iv. To 
take something ofanother. Shak. To use as one's 
own. Dryden. To relieve. Hawkins. 
BO'RROW, bor'-r6. n.s. The thing borrowed. 

Shalcspeare. A pledge ; a surety. Spenser. 
J BORROWER, bdr'-ro-ur. n. s. He that borrows. 
Sidney. He that takes what is another's, and uses 
it as his own. Pope. 
«M > RROWING*, b&r / -r64ng. n. s. The act of bor- 
rowing. Sliakspeare. 
BO'RSHOLDER*, bors'-hold-fir. n. s. The tithing 

man. Spenser. 
BO S CAGE, b&s'-kaje. 90. n. s. [boscage, Fr.l Wood. 

Bacon. The representation of woods. Wbtton. 
BOSH*, bosh. n. s. Outline ; figure. Student, ii. 
BOSKY, bds'-ke. a. [bosque. Fr.] Woody. Sliak. 
BO'SOM y, b6<V-zum. n. s. [bo]-me, Sax.] The em- 
brace of the arms holding any thing to the breast. 
The breast ; the heart. Shak. The dress that cov- 
ers the breast. Exodus, iv. Enclosure; embrace. 
Hooker. The breast, as the seat of the passions. 
Eccles. vii. The breast, as the seat of tenderness. 
Lamentations, ii. The breast, as the receptacle of 
secrets. Job, xxxi. Any receptacle close or secret; 
as, the boso7n of the earth. The tender affections. 
Shaks}Kaj-e. Inclination ; desire. Sliakspeare. 

{£p This word is pronounced four ways, boium, bui- 
nun, and booiam, the oo like u in bull ; and booium, as 
ou in bouse. Sheridan and Scott adopt the third sound ; 
Perry seems to mark the fourth; Dr. Kenrick has the 
sneond and fourth, but seems to prefer the former ; and 
W. Johnston has the second ; and that is, in my opinion, 
the most general : but the stage s^eems to have adopted 
the fourth sound, which has given it a currency among 
polite speakers, and makes it the most fashionable. Mr. 
Elphinstone, a nice observer, as well as a deep investi- 
gator, announces the second, but tells us that the third 
was the original pronunciation. W. 

BO'S03I, in composition, implies intimacy ; confi- 
dence; fondness; as, bosom-friend, &c. 

To BO'SOM, bS&'-z&m. v. a. To enclose in the bo- 
som. Shak. To conceal in privacy. Milton. 

BOSON, b6'-sn. 170, 103. n. s. Corrupted from 
boatswain Dryden. 

BOSQUET*. See Busket. 

BOSS y, b&s. n. s. [bosse, Fr.] A stud. L' Estrange. 
The part rising in the midst of any thing. Job, xv. 
A thick bodv of any kind. Moxon. 

BO'SSED*, b&st. a. Studded. Shakspeare. 

BCKSSAGE, b&s'-saje. 90. n. s. [In architecture.] 
Any stone that has a projecture. Rustick work, 



chiefly in the corners of edifices, and called rustick 

quoins. Builder's Diet. 
BO'SSIVE* bds'-s?v. a. Crooked ; deformed. Os- 
borne. 
BO'SSY* b&s'-se. a. Prominent ; studded. Milton. 
BO'SVEL, boz'-vel. 483. n. s. A species of crowfoot. 
BOTANICAL, bo-tan'-e-kal. )a. Relating to herbs. 
BOTA'NICK, bo-tan'-nik. 5 Sin T. Brown. 

Worthington. 
BOTANICALLY*, b6-tan'-e-kal-e. ad. After the 

manner of botanists. Ash. 
BOTA'NICK* b6-tan'-nlk. n. s. He who is skilled 

in plants. M. Casaubon. 
BOTANIST, bot'-a-nlst. 503, (b.) 543. ) n. s. One 
BOTA'NICK, bd-uW-nik. \ skilled in 

plants. Woodward. 
BOTANO'LOGY, bot-an-&r-6-je. 518. n. s. lf3ora- 

vo'Xoyia.l A discourse upon plants. Diet. 
BOTANY y, b&t'-a-ne. n. 



[poTdvrj.] The science 
of plants. 
BO TAR' GO, bo-uV-gi. «. s. [botarga, Span.] A 

food, made of the roes of the mullet fish. Chamb. 
BOTCH y ,b6tsh. 352. «.*. [bozza, Ital.] A swelling 
or eruptive discoloration of the skin. Donne. A 
part in any work ill finished. Sluxk. An adsciti- 
tious part clumsily added. Dryden. 
To BOTCH, botsh. v. a. To mend or patch clothes. 
Dryden. To mend awkwardly. Hudibras. To 
put* together unsuitaDly. Sliak. To mark with 
botches. Garth. 
BOTCHER, botsh'-ur. n. s. A mender of old clothes. 

Sir T. Elyot. 
BO'TCHERLY*,b&tsh/-ur-le.a. Clumsy; patched. 
BOTCHY, b&tMshe.a. Marked with botches. Shak. 
BOTE, b6le. n. s. [bote, Sax.] A compensation 

for a man slain. Cowel. Any payment. Ob. J. 
BOTHy, b6th. 467. a. [ba, both; ba fcpa, Sax.] The 

two. Sidney. 
BOTH, b6th. conj. As well. Acts, xiv. 
To BOTHER* boTH'-ur. v. a. To perplex and 

confound. Swift. 
BOTRYOID, b6/-tr61d,or b&t'-re-did. a. \fioravoti- 
Stis.] Having the form of a bunch of grapes. Wood- 
ward. 
BOTS, b&ts. n. s. A species of small worms in the 

entrails of horses. Shakspeare. 
BOTTLE y, bot'-tl. 405. n. s. [bouteille, Fr.] A ves- 
sel with a narrow mouth, to put liquor in. Shak. A 
quantity of wine usually put into a bottle ; a quart. 
Sped. A quantity of hay or grass bundled up. Shak 
To BOTTLE, b&t'-tl. v.a. To enclose in bottles. 

Mortimer. 
BO / TTLED*,b6t / -tld. a. Having a belly protuberant 

like a bottle. Shakspeare. 
BOTTLE-ALE*, bot'-tl-ale. n. s. Bottled ale. Shak. 
BOTTLE-FLOWER, bot'-tl -flour, n. s. A plant. 
BOTTLESCREW, bot'-tl-skrdd. n. s. A screw to 

pull out the cork. Swift. 
BOTTLING*, b&t'-tllng. n. s. The operation of put- 
ting liquors into bottles. T. Warton. 
BOTTOM y, botMum. 166. n. s. [bofcm, Sax.] The 
lowest part of any thing. St. Matt. The ground 
under the water. Job. The foundation. Atterbury. 
A dale ; a valley. Zech. The deepest part. Locke. 
Bound; limit. Shale. The extent of any man's ca- 
pacity. Shak. The last resort. Addison. A ship. 
Shak. A chance; an adventure. Clarendon. A 
ball of thread wound up together. Bacon. 
To BOTTOM, b6t'-tum. v. a. To build upon. Hale. 

To wind upon something. Shakspeare. 
To BOTTOM, bot'-tum. t>. n. To rest upon. Locke. 
BOTTOMED, bot'-tfim'd. 359. a. Having a bottom. 

Bacon. 
BOTTOMLESS, bot'-tum-les. a. Without a bot- 
tom ; fathomless. Sidney. 
^BOTTOMRY, bof-ium-re. n. s. [In commerce.] 
The act of borrowing money on a ship's bottom. 
Harris. 
BOUCHE*. See Bouge. 

BO' UCHET, boo'-shet. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of pear. 
BOUD, b6&d. it. s. A weevil. Diet. 
To BOUGE, bddje. 315. v. n. [bouge, Fr.] To swell out. 
148 



BOU 



BOW 



-nd, mdve, ndr, n&t;— tdbe, tub, bull}— d?l;— pddnd;— tfiin, this. 



BOUGE*, bddje. n.s. Provisions. B.Jonson. Ob. I 

BOUGH, bdu. 313. n.s. [bo£, Sax.] An arm or 
];ir»e shoot of a tree. Sidney. 

BOl (GHT, bawt. 311). prefer, and part, of To buy. 

BOUGHT $, bawt. «. s. [Zwc/tf, Teut.] A twist. 
Spenser. A flexure. Brown. That part of a sling 
which contains the stone. 1 Sam. 

BOUGHT Y*, baw'-te. a. Crooked: bending. Sher- 
wood. Ob. T. 

BOUILLON, bool'-yon. n. s. [Fr.] Broth: soup. 

BOTJLDER Walls. Walls built of round flints or 
pebbles, laid in a strong- mortar. Builder's Diet. 

BOUL1MY*. See Bulimy. 

To BOULT, bolt. v. a. See To Bolt. 

To BOUNCE y, bo&nse. v. n. To fall or fly against 
any thing with great force, so as to rebound. Dry- 
den. To spring. Addison. To make a sudden 
noise. Sici/t. To boast ; to bully. Lowth. To be 
bold or strong. Shakspeare. 

BOUNCE, bd&nse. n. s. A strong sudden blow. 
Drt/den. A sudden cratk or noise. Slia/c. A boast. 

BOUNCER, bdftn'-sur. n. s. A boaster. 
BO'UNCINGLY* bddns'-lng-le. ad, Boastingly; 

with threat. 
BOUND §, bdund. 313. n. s. [bunbe, Sax.] A limit. 
Mil/071, A limit by which any excursion is restrain- 
ed. Siiak. A leap ; a jump. Sfiak. A rebound. 



. To limit. Dryden. To 
n. To jump. Dryden. To 



?n.s. 

S s 



A 

stone 



SlwJc. 
. Exemp- 

a. Liberal ; 



Decay of Piety 

To BOUND, bdund. v 

restrain. Shakspeare. 

To BOUNDS, bdund. 

rebound. Shakspeare. 

To BOUND, bound, v. n. To make to bound. Shak. 

BOUND, bound, pret. and part.jjass. of bind. Sidney. 

BOUND, bd&nd. a. Destined} intending to come to 
any place. Spenser. 

BOUNDARY, bdon'-da-re. n. s. Limit. Locke. 

BO'UNDEN, bofin'-den. part. pass, of bind. Shak. 

BOUNDENL Y*, bd&n'-den-le. ad. In a dutiful man- 
ner. Tran. of Ochin's Sermons. Ob. T. 

BO'UNDER* boan'-dfir. n. s. A limiter. Fotlierby. 
A boundary. Sir Thomas Herbert. 

BO UNDING-STONE, bd&n'-dlng-stdne 

BOUNDSTONE, bdfind'-stdne. 
to plav with. Dryden. 

BOUNDLESS, bdund'-l&s. a. Unlimited 

BOUNDLESSNESS, bdund'-l£s-ngs. n. 
tion from limits. So>ith. 

BOUNTEOUS, bd&n'-tshe-as 
kind. Shakspeare. 

EOUNTEOUSLY, bdan'-tshe-ds-le. ad. Liberally. 
Dryden.. 

BO'UNTEOUSNESS, bdun'-tshe-fis-nSs. n. s. Mu- 
nificence. 

BO'UNTIFUL, bd&n'-te-ful. a. Liberal. Shakspeare. 

BOUNTIFULLY, bddn'-te-fal-le. ad. Liberally. 
Donne. 

BO'UNTIFULNESS, bdun'-te-ful-nSs. n. s. Gene- 
rosity. 2 Cor. ix. 

BO'UNTIHEAD, bdon'-te-hld. > n c Gnnflnp „ . 

BOUNT1HEDE, bdun'-te-hed. i "' ^ nt r ' 

BOUNT1HOOD, bdrV-te-hud. > v,rtue - UD ' J ' 

BO'UNTYy, bd&n'-te. n. s. \bonte 1 , Fr.] Generosity. 
Hooker. Goodness : not now in use. Spenser. 

BO'UQUET*, bdd'-ka. n. s. [Fr.] A nosegay. 
Warton. 

To BOURD*. v.n. [bourder, Fr.] To jest. Chaucer. 

BOURD* n. s. A jest. Spenser. 

BOURDER* n. s. A jester. 

BO'URDINGLY*. ad. In sport. 

To BOURGEON, burton. 313,259. v.n. [bour- 
geonner, Fr.] To sprout j to shoot into branches. 
Sjienser, 

BOURN, borne, n. s. [borne Fr.] A bound a limit. 
Shakspeare. A brook. Spenser. 

55* I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Kenrick 
in the pronunciation of this word. They make it Bound 
as if written boorn ; but if my memory fail me not, it is 
a rhyme to mourn, upon the stage, and Mr. Garrick so 
pronounced it: 

" That undiscover'd country, from whose bourn 
u No traveller returns."— SAaAspeare's Hamlet. 



I am fortified in this pronunciation by the suffrages ol 
Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith. IV. 

BOURSE*. See Burse. 

To BOUSE §, bddze. v. n. [buysen, Dutch.] To dnnk 

lavishly. Spenser. 
To BOUSE, bodze. v. a. To swallow. Sir T. Brown. 

BOUSY, bdd'-ze. ad. Drunken. Dryden. 

BOUT $ ; bdut. n. s. [botta, Ital.] A turn ; as much of 
an action as is performed at one time. Sidney. 

BO UTADE*, boo-tade'. n. s. [Fr.] A whim. Swift. 

BO U TEFE U, bddt'-fu. n. s. [Fr.] An incendiary 
Bacon. Ob. J. 

BO'UTISALE, bdd'-te-sale. n, s. A sale at a cheap 
rate, as booty is commonly sold. Sir J. Haywara. 

BO'VATE*. n. s. [l/ovata, Lat.] As much land as one 
yoke of oxen can cultivate in a year. Burn. 

To BOW §, bdu. u. a. [bu£an, Sax.] To bend. Psalm 
cxliv. To bend the body in token of respect. 2 
Kings, ii. To bend, or incline, in condescension 
Ecclus. iv. To depress. Shakspeare. 

To BOW, bdu. v. n. To bend. Habak. iii. To make 
a reverence. Shak. To stoop. Judges, vii. To sink 
under pressure. Isaiah, xlvi. 

BOW, bdu. n. s. An act of reverence or submission. 
Swift. 

BOW, bd. n. s. An instrument which shoots arrows. 
Genesis. A rainbow. Genesis, ix. The instrument 
with which stringed instruments are struck. Dry- 
den. The doubling of a string in a slip-knot. Wise- 
man. A yoke. Shak. The bows of a saddle are 
two pieces of wood laid archwise, to receive the 
upper part of a horse's back. Bow of a ship. That 
part other which begins at the loof; and compass- 
ing ends of the stern, and ends at the sternmost 
parts of the forecastle. 

7b BOW t, bd. v. a. To bend sideways. 

#5= While some words are narrowing and contracting 
their original signification, others are dividing and sub- 
dividing into a thousand different acceptations. The verb 
to bow, rhyming with cow, might originally signify flex- 
ure every way, and so serve for that action which made 
any thing crooked, let its direction be what it would : 
but it appears certain, that at present it only means 
that flexure which is vertical, and which may be called 
a bowing down, but is by no means so applicable to that 
flexure which is sideways or horizontal, and for which 
necessity seems insensibly to have brought the verb I 
have inserted into use. This verb seems accompanied 
by the word out as tho other is by down, and we may 
say such a thing bows down, but another thing bows out, 
or swells sideways ; the first verb is pronounced so as 
to rhyme with cow, now, &.c. and the last with go, no, 
Sec. Milton seems to have used the word with this 
sound, where, in his Penseroso, he aays — 
" And love the high embowed roof, 
" With antique pillars' massy proof." 

But as nothing can tend more to the ambiguity of lan- 
guage than to have words spelled in the same manner 
sounded differently in order to distinguish their mean- 
ing by their pronunciation, I would humbly advise to 
spell the word bow, (to shoot with,) and the verb to bow 
(to bend sideways,) with the final e ; this slight addi- 
tion will relieve a reader from the embarrassment he is 
under at first sight, where he is not thoroughly ac- 
quainted with the circumstances of a relation, and does 
not know how to pronounce the word till he has read 
the context. For the propriety of this additional e, see 
the words Bowl and Form. 

I cannot refrain from quoting Mr. Nares on this word, as 
his opinion has great authority : — " A bow for arrows, 
" and to bow, when it signifies merely to bend any 
" thing, have ow like 5 long. This distinction I believe 
" to be right, though our great lexicographer has not 
; ' noticed it. He gives to bow, in every sense, the regu- 
" lar sound of ow, (that is, rhyming with cow.) But of 
" this instance the first and fourth appear to be erro- 
" neous ; the third is doubtful ; and in the second, the 
" word is used to express an inclination of the body, but 
" metaphorically applied to trees. See tho four in- 
" stances from Shakspeare, Dryden, and Locke, under 
" To bow, v. a. No. 1." 

A want of attending to the different ideas the word bow 
conveys, as it is differently sounded, has occasioned the 
inconsistent sea terms ; the bow of a ship, rhyming with 
cow ; and an anchor, called the best bower, rhyming 
with hour ; and bow, in the word bowsprit, rhyming 
with go, no. &.c. W 



BOW 



BRA 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, p?n 



BOW-BEARER, b6'-bare-ur. n. s. An under officer 
of the forest. Cowel. 

BOW-BENT, bo'-bent. a. Crooked. Milton. 

BOW-HAND, b6'-hand. n. s. The hand that draws 
the bow. Spenser. 

BOW-LEG*, bo'-leg. n. s. A leg crooked as a bow. 
Bp. Taylor. 

BOW-LEGGED, bo'-leg'd. 359. a. Having crooked 
legs. 

BOW-SHOT, b6'-sh6t. n. s. The space which an 
arrow may pass in its flight. Gen. xxi. 

BOW- WINDOW*, b6'-wm'-d6. n. s. A window pro- 
jected outwards. See Bay-window. 

BO' W ABLE*, bo'4-bl. a. Flexible of disposition, i 
Wodroeplie's Fr. Gram. 

To BO'WEL*, bSu'-el. v. a. To take forth the bow- 1 
els. Huloet and Minsheu. 

BO'WEL-LESS*, bSu'-gl-les. a. Without tender- 
ness or compassion. Browne. 

BO' YVELS§, bdu'-elz. n. *. [boyaux, Fr.] Intestines. 
2 Sam. xx. The inner parts of any thing. Shak- 
speare. The seat of pity. Gen. xliii. Tenderness. 
Clarendon. 

BO'WER§, b6u'-ur. 98. n. s. [bun, Sax.] A cham- 
ber. Spenser. A cottage. Harrington. Any abode 
or residence. Milton. A shady recess. Shakspeare. 

BO'WER, b6fi'-ur. n. s. One of the muscles which 
bend the joints. Spensei: 

BO'WER, bdu'-ur. n. s. Anchors so called. 

To BO'WER, b&u'-ur. v. a. To embower. Slmlc. 

To BO'WER*, bS&'-ur. v.n. To lodge. Spat. Ob.T. 

BO'WERY, bou'-ftr-re. a. Embowering. Tickell. 

To BOWGE. See To Bouge. 

BO' WINGLY*, bo'-lng-le. ad. In a bending manner. 
Huloet. 

BOWL §, bole. n. s. [buelin, Welsh.) A vessel to hold 
liquids, rather wide than deep. Shakspeare. The 
hollow part of any thing. Swift. A basin, or foun- 
tain. Bacon. 

BOWL§, bole. n.s. [boule, Fr.] Around mass, which 
may be rolled along the ground. Sliakspeare. 

35" Many respectable speakers pronounce this word so as 
to rhyme with howl, the noise made by a dog. Dr. John- 
son, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. Perry, declare for it ; but 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Smith, 
pronounce it as the vessel to hold liquor, rhyming with 
hole. I remember having been corrected by Mr. Gar- 
rick for pronouncing it like howl ,• and am upon the 
whole of opinion, that pronouncing it as I have marked 
it is the preferable mode, though the least analogical. 
But as the vessel has indisputably this sound, it is ren- 
dering the language still moro irregular to give the ball 
a different one. The inconvenience of this irregularity 
iis often perceived in the word bow. To have the same 
word signify different things, is the fate of all languages ; 
but pronouncing the same word differently to signify 
different things, is multiplying difficulties without ne- | 
tessity ; for, though it may be alleged, that a different 
pronunciation of the same word to signify a different 
thing is, in some measure, remedying the poverty and 
ambiguity of language, it may be answered, that it is in 
reality increasing the ambiguity, by setting the eye and 
ear at variance, and obliging the reader to understand 
the context before he can pronounce the word. It may 
be urged, that the Greek and Latin languages had these 
ambiguities in words which were only distinguishable 
by their quantity or accent. But it is highly probable 
that the Greek language had a written accent to distin- 
guish such words as were pronounced differently to sig- 
nify different things, and this is equivalent to a different 
spelling ; and though the Latin word lego signified 
either to read or to send, according to the quantity with 
which the first syllable was pronounced, it was certain- 
ly an imperfection in that language which ought not to 
be imitated. Ideas and combinations of ideas will al- 
ways be more numerous than words ; and therefore the 
same word will often stand for very different ideas j but 
altering the sound of a word without altering the spell- 
ing, is forming an unwritten language. W. 
To BOWL, bole. v. a. To roll as a bowl. Shak. To 

pelt with any thing rolled. Shakspeare. 
To BOWL*, bile. v. n. To play at bowls. SJiak. 
BO'WLING*, bo'-lmg. n. s. The art of throwing 

bowls. Burton. 
BO' WLDER-STONES,b6le'-dur-st6nz. n.s. Lumps 
or fragments of stones broke, and cliffs rounded, by 



being tumbled to and again by the water. Wood- 
ward. 
BO'WLER, bo'-lur. n. s. He that plays at bowls. 
BOWLINE, bSu'-lln. ) n. s. [bouline, Fr.] A rope 
BO'WLING, bo&'-ling. ) fastened to the middle part 

of the outside of a sail. Harris. 
BCWLING-GREEN, b6'-ling-green. n. s. A level 
piece of ground, kept smooth for bowlers. Bentley. 
BO'WLING-GROUND*,b6'-lmg-grdund. n.s. The 

same as bowling-green. B. Jonson. 
BO'WMAN, b6'-man. 88. n. s. An archer. Jerem. iv 
BO'WNET*, b6'-n<h. n.s. A net made of twigs bow 

ed to catch fish. 
To BOWSE*, b6uz. v. n. A sea teim, signifying to 

hale or pull together. Chambers. 
BO'WSPRIT, b6'-spr?t. n. s. See Boltsprit. 
To BO'WSSEN, bSus'-sn. v. a. To drench ; to soak 

Carew. 
BO'WSTRING,b6'-string. n. s. The string by which 

the bow is kept bent. Sliakspeare. 
BO'WYER, bo'-yfir. 98. n. s. An archer. Dry den. 

One whose trade it is to make bows. Ascliam. 
BOX §, boks. n. s. [box, Sax.] A tree. Miller. 
BOX, b&ks. n. s. A case made of wood, or other 
matter. Sidney. The case of the mariner's compass 
The chest into which money given is put. Spenser 
Certain seats in the playhouse. Dryden. 
To BOX, bdks. v. a. To enclose in a box. Swift. 
To box the compass, is to rehearse the several 
points of it in their proper order. 
BOX§, boks. n. s. [bock, Welsh.] A blow on the head 

given with the hand. Shakspeare. 
To BOX, b6ks. v. n. To fight with the fist. L' Estrange. 
To BOX, b6ks. v. a. To strike with the fist. Misson. 
BO'XEN, b&k'-sn. 103. a. Made of box. Dnjden. 

Resembling box. Dryden. 
BO'XER, boks'-fir. n. s. A man who fights with his 

fist. 
To BO'XHAUL, boks'-hawl. v. a. To veer the ship 
by a particular method, when tacking is impracti- 
cable. Clumbers. 
BOY §, b6e. 482. n. s. A male child. Zech. viii. One 
in the state of adolescence. Sliakspeure. A word 
of contempt for young men. Locke. 
To BOY, b6e. v. a. To treat as a boy. Shakspeare. 
BO'YBLIND* bde'-blind. a. Undiscerning, like a 

boy. Beaumont and Fletdier. 
BO'YHOOD, bde'-hud. n. s. The state of a boy. 

Swifi. 
BO'YISH, bde'-?sh. a. Belonging to a boy. Sluxk. 

Childish ; trifling. Shakspeare. 
BO'YISHLY, b6£'-ish-le. ad. Childishly ; triflingly. 

Sherwood. 
BO'YISHNESS, bfie'-lsh-nes. n. s. Childishness. 
BO'YISM, bde'-fzm. n. s. Puerility ; childishness. 

Dryden. The state of a boy. Warton. 
BO'YS-PLAY*, bolz'-pla. n.s. The amusement of 

a boy. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BP. An abbreviation of bishop. 
BRA'BBLE§, brab'-bl. 405. n.s. [brabbelen, Dutch.] 

A clamorous contest. Sliakspeare. 
To BRABBLE, brab'-bl. v. n. To clamour. Sidney. 
BRA'BBLER, brab'-lflr. n. s. A clamorous fellow 

Shakspeare. 
To BRACE $, brase. v. a. [embrasser, Fr.] To bind. 
Locke. To make tense. Holder. To surround. 



BRACE, brase. n. s. Cincture; bandage. That which 
holds any thing tight. Derlurm. A piece of timber 
framed in with bevel joints, used to keep the build- 
ing from swerving either way. Buildei-'s DicL 
Ropes belonging to all the yards, except the mizen. 
Thick straps of leather on which a coach hangs 
Harness. [In printing.] A crooked line enclosing a 
passage, which ought to be taken together, and 
not separately; as in a triplet. Prior. Warlike 
preparation. Shakspeare. The armour for the arm. 
Tension ; tightness. Holder. 

BRACE, brase. n. s. A pair; a couple. Milton,. 

BRA'CELET, brase'-lel. n. s. [bracelet, Fr.] An or- 
nament for the arms. Sir J. Hayward. A picco 
of defensive armour for the arm. 
150 



BRA 



BRA 



-116, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — p&und ; — thin. THis. 



{gf 1 liave, in the pronunciation of this word, made tho a 
long und slender, as in brace, as I rind it in Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Scott; and not short, 
as in brass, as Mr. Sheridan has marked .t; and which, 
I believe, is the prevailing pronunciation in Ireland: for 
though many compounds shorten the vowel in tho sim- 
ple, as is shown at large in the Principles of Pronuncia- 
tion, 308, 515 ; yet I think such words are exceptions 
as are only diminutives, plurals, and feiainines. — See 
Patroness. W. 

BRA CER, bra'-sur. 98. n. s. A cincture. Wiseman. 
A medicine of constringent power. Armour for the 
arm. Chaucer. 
Bit ACH, bratsh. 352. n. 5. [brache, old Fr.] A bitch- 
hound. Burton. 
BRA'CHIAL, brak'-yal. 353. a. [brachium, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the arm. Blount. 
nRA'CHMAN*. ) n. s. A priest of India, of the first 
BRA'MIN*. S cast of Gentoos. Featley. 
KRACHY'GRAPHER*. bra-kig'-gra-fur. n.s. A 

short-hand writer. Gayton. 
BRACHY GRAPHY'S, bra-klg'-gra-fe. 353. n. s. 
[fipaxbs and ypdcbw.] The art of writing in a short 
compass. B. Jonson. 
BRACK, brak. n. s. [bp.acan, Sax.] A breach. Hay- 
ward. 
BRA'CKEN*, brak'-kn. n. s. Fern. 
BRA'CKET, brak'-klt. 99. n. s. A piece of wood 

fixed for the support of something. Mortimer. 
BRA'CKISHy, brak'-lsh. a. [Wee, Goth, the sea.] 

Salt ; somewhat salt. Bacon. 
BRA'CKISHNESS, brak'-ish-ngs. n. s. Saltness in a 

small degree. Cheyne. 
BRA'CKY* brak'-e. a. Brackish. Drayton. 
BRADS, being an initial, signifies broad, spacious, 

from the Sax. bp.ab. Gibson's Camden. 
BRAD, brad. n. s. A sort of nail to floor rooms with. 

Moxon. 
To BRAG §, brag. v. n. [braggeren, Dutch.] To boast. 

Shakspeare. 
BRAG, brag. n. s. A boast. Sluxkspeare. The thing 

boasted. Milton. 
BRAG*, brag. a. Proud ; boasting. Bale. 
BRAG*, brag. n.s. A kind of a game at cards. 

Clutmbers. 
BRAGGADOCIO, brag-ga-d6'-she-6. n. s. A swell- 
ing, boasting fellow. Dryden. 
BRA'GGARDISE*, brag'-gar-dis. n.s. donation; 

a bragging. Minsheu. 
BRA'GGARDISM, brag'-gar-dlzm. n. s. Boastful. 

ness. Shakspeare. 
BRA'GGART, brag'-gart. 88. n.s. A boaster. Slutk- 

speare. 
BRA'GGART, brag'-gart. a. Boastful. Donne. 
BRA'GGER,brag'-gfir. 98. n.s. A boaster. Bah. 
BRA'GGET**, brag'-get. n. s. [bragod, Welsh.] A 

sweet drink ; a kind of mead. Chaucer. 
BRA'GGINGLY*, brag'-ging-le. ad. Boastingly. 

Huloef. 
BRA'GLESS, brag'-les. a. Without a boast. Sluxk. 
BRA'GLY, bragMl ad. Finely. Spenser. 
To BRAID $, brade. v. a. [bjieban, Sax.] To weave 

together. Milton. 
BRAID, brade. n. s. A texture. Milton. 
BRAID, brade. a. [bjieb, Sax. deceit.] Crafty ; de- 
ceitful. Shakspeare. 
BRAID*, brade. n.s. A start. SackvUle. Ob. T. 
To BRAlD §*, brade. v. a. To upbraid ; to reproach. 

Ob. T. 
BRAILS, bralz. n. s. [sea term.] Small ropes reev- 
ed through blocks. Harris. 
BRAIN §, brine, n. s. [bjiae£en, Sax.1 That collec- 
tion of vessels and organs in the head, from which 
sense and motion arise. Cheselden. The under- 
standing. Hammond. The affections. Sluxkspeare. 
Fancy ; imagination. Abp. Sandys. 
To BRAIN, brane. v. a. To dash out the brains. 

Sluxkspeare. 
BRA'INISH, brane'-lsh. a. Hotheaded; furious. 

Sluxkspeare. 
BRAINLESS, brane'-les. a. Silly. Hooker. 
BRA'INPAN, brane'-pin. n.s. The skull. Bible of 
Henry VIII. 



BRA IN SICK, brane'-sik. a. Diseased in the under* 
standing. Shakspeare. 

BRA'INSICKLY, brane'-sik-Ie. ad.Weakly . headily. 

BRA'INSICKNESS, brane'-sik-nes. n. s. Indiscre- 
tion ; giddiness. 

BRAIT, brate. n. s. A rough diamond. Diet. 

BRAKE, brake. The preterit of break. 

BRAKES, brake, n. s. A thicket of brambles. Sluxk. 
Fern. Spenser. 

BRAKE, brake, n. s. An instrument for dressing 
hemp. The handle of a ship's pump. A baker's 
kneading trough. A sharp bit or snaffle for horses. 
A smith's bralce is a machine hv which horses un- 
willing to be shod are. confined during that opera- 
tion. Turbervile. That which moves a military 
engine to any point. Fairfax. 

BRA KY, bra'-ke. a. Thorny. Bp. Hall. 

BRA'MBLE$,bram'-bl.405. n.s. [bjisemble, Sax.] 
The blackberry bush. Miller. Any rough, prickly» 
shrub. Spenser. 

BRA'MBLY*, bram'-ble. a. Full of brambles. 

BRA'MBLED* bram'-bld. a. Overgrown with 
brambles. T. Warton. 

BRA'MBLING, bram'-btfng. n. s. A mountain chaf- 
finch. Diet. 

BRA'MIN*. bram'-k. n. s. See Brachman. 

BRAMI'NICAL*, bra-mk'-e-kal. a. Relating to the 
Bramins. Halhed. 

BRAN §, bran. n. s. [bren, old Fr.] The husks of corn 
ground ; the refuse of the sieve. Shakspeare. 

BRAN-NEW*, bran'-nu. [brand-new, Teut.J Quite 
new. 

BRA'NCARD*, bran'-kard. n. s. [brancar, Fr.] A 
horse-litter. Life of Lord Clarendon. 

BRANCH $, bransh. 352, 78, [brantsh, Sheridan fy 
Jones.'] n. s. [branclie, Fr.] The shoot of a tree from 
one ofthe main boughs. Sluxkspeare. Any distinct 
article. Sluxkspeare. Any part that shoots out from 
the rest. Exodus, xxv. A smaller river running 
into a larger. Raleigh. Any part of a family de- 
scending ib a collateral line. Carew. The offspring, 
Crashaw. The antlers or shoots of a stag's horn. 
The arches of Gothick vaults. Harris. 

To BRANCH, bransh. v. n. To spread in branches. 
Bacon. To spread into separate parts. Addison, 
To speak diftusively. Spectator. To have horns 
shooting out. Milton. 

To BRANCH, bransh. v. a. To divide as into 
branches. Bacon. To adorn with sprigs of needle- 
work. Spenser. 

BRA'NCHER, bran'-sh&r. n. s. One that shoots out 
into branches. Wotton. [In falconry.] A young 
hawk. Walton. 

BRA'NCHERY* bransh'-e-re. n.s. The vasculas 
parts of fruits. Chambers. 

BRA'NCHINESS, bran'-she-ngs. n. s. Fulness o* 
branches. Sherwood. 

BRA'NCHLESS, bransh'-les. a. Without shoots oi 
boughs. Cotgrave. Naked. Sluxkspeare. 

BRA'NCHY, bran'-she. a. Full of branches. Pope. 

BRANDS, brand, n.s. [brianb, Sax.] A stick light- 
ed, or fit to be lighted. Shakspeare. A sword. 
[branch, Ital.1 Milton. A thunderbolt. Granville. 
A mark made by burning a criminal with a hot 
iron, a stigma. Bacon. Any note of infamy. Dryden. 
To BRAND, brand, v. a. To mark with a brand, or 
note of infamy. Sluxkspeare. To burn with a hot 
iron. Dryden. 

BRA'NDCfOOSE, brand'-gods. n. s. A kind of wild 
fowl. Diet. 

BRA'NDIRON* brand'-l-urn. n. s. [bjianbijien, 

SaxJ A trivet to set a pot upon. 

To BRA'NDISH, bran'-dlsh. v. a. [brand, a sword.] 

To flourish as a weapon. Ezek. xxxii. To play 

wi;h. Locke. 

BRA'NDISH*, bran'-d?sh. n. s. A flourish. B. Jonson. 

To BRA'NDLE* bran'-dl. v.n. [brandiller, Fr.] To 

shake. Cotgrave. 
BRA'NDLING, brand'-lkg. n.s. A kind of worm. 

Walton. 
BRA'NDY,bran'-de. n.s. [brandewine, or burnt wine.] 
A strong: liquor distilled from wine. Beau, and FL 



151 



BRA 



BRE 



U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— -pine, pin ;— 



BRANDY- WINE, bran'-de-wlne. n. s. Brandy. 

Wiseman. x 

BRA'NGLES, brang'-gl. 405. n.s. Squabble; wran- 
gle. Swift. 
To BRA'NGLE, brang/.gl. 405. v.n. To wrangle; 

to squabble. Bp. Hail. 
BRA'NGLEMENT, brang'-gl-ment. n.s. The same 

with branch. 
BRANGLING* brang'-gllng. n.s Quarrel. Whit- 
lock. 
BRANK, brank. n. s. Buckwheat. Mortimer. 
BRA'NLIN*, bran'-fin. n. s. A species offish of the 

salmon kind. Cliambers. 
BRA'NNY, bran'-ne. a. Having the appearance of 
bran. Wiseman. Consisting principally of bran. 
Huloet. 
BRA'NSLE* bran'-sl. n. s. [bransk, Fr.] A brawl 

or dance. Spenser. Ob. T. 
BRANT*, brant, a. Steep. See Brent. 
BRA'SEN, bra'-zn. a. Made of brass. It is now less 
properly written, according to the pronunciation, 
brazen. 
BRA'SIER, bra'-zhur. 283. n. s. A manufacturer in 

brass. Shak. A pan to hold coals. ArbtUhnot. 
BRAZIL, or BRA'ZIL, bra-zeel'. n. s. An Ameri- 
can wood, commonly supposed to be thus denonrna 
ted, because first brought from Brazil ; but the Brazil 
wood was known before the discovery of Brazil. 
Cliaucer. 
BRASS, bras. n. s. [bjiaf, Sax.] A yellow metal, 
made by mixing copper with lapis calaminaris. 
SJiak. Impudence. Used for copper. Deut. viii. 
BRASS-PAVED* bras'-pav'd. a. Firm as brass. 

Spenser. 
BRASS- VISAGED*, bras'-viz-fdjd. a. Impudent. 
BRA'SSICA*. bras'-se-ka. n.s. [Lat.] Cabbage. 

Pope. 
BRA'SSINESS, bras'-se-nes. n. s. An appearance 

like Hrsss. 
BRA'SSY/bras'-se. a. Partaking of brass. Wood- 
ward. Hard as brass. Shakspeare. Impudent. 
BRAST, brast. part. a. [from burst.] Burst ; broken. 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
BRATS, brat. n. s. A child, so called in contempt. 

Shak. The progeny ; the offspring. South. 
BRAVA'DO, bra-vaZ-dd. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 

Jbravada, Span.] A boast. Sir T. Herbert. 
BRAVES, brave, a. \brahe, Goth.] Courageous. 
Bacon. Galiant. Shak. Magnificent. Shak. Ex- 
cellent; noble. Sidney. Fine; showy. Spenser. 
BRAVE, brave, n.s. A hector. Milton. A boast. 



flesh of a boar, prepared in a particular manner. 
Mortimer. A boar. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

BRA'WNED*, braw'-nld. a. Strong; brawny. 
Spenser. 

BRA'WNER, braw'-n&r. n. s. A boar killed for the 
table. King. 

BRA'WNINESS braw'-ne-nes. n.s. Strength; hard- 
ness. Hammond. 

BRA'WN Y, braw'-ne. a. Musculous ; fleshy. Dry- 
den. Hard; unfeeling. Mede. 

To BRAYS, bra. v. a. [bpacan, Sax.] To pound, oi 
grind small. Bacon. To emit with sound ; to give 
vent to. Sir T. Elyot. 

To BRAY, bra. v. n. [broire, Fr.l To make a noise 
as an ass. Dryden. To make a harsh noise 
Shakspear 

Voice of an ass. Harsh sound 



[pre, Welsh.] A bank of earth. 



To BRAVE, brave, v. a. To defy. Shak. To carry 
a boasting appearance of. Bacon. To make fine 
or splendid. Shakspeare. 
BRA'VELY, brave'-le. ad. In a brave manner. Ba- 
con. Finely. Judith, x. 
BRA'VERY, bra'-vur-re. 555. n. s. Courage. Spec- 
tator. Splendour. Spenser. Show. Bacon. Bra- 
vado. Sidneij. 
BRA'VINGLY*, bra'-vfng-le. ad. In a defying man- 
ner. Sfieldon. 
BRA'VO, bra/-v6. n. s. [bravo, ltal.] A man who 

murders for hire. Government of the Tongue. 
BRA VU'RA*, bra-vu'-ra. n. s. A word of modern 
application, to such songs as require great vocal 
ability in the singer. 
To BRAWLS, brawl, v.n. [brauler, Fr.] To quar- 
rel noisily. Shak. To speak loud and indecently, 
Shakspeare. To make a noise. Shakspeare. 
To BRAWL*, brawl, v. a. To drive or beat away, 

Shakspeare. 
BRAWL, brawl, n. s. Quarrel. Hooker. A dance. 

B. Jonson. 
BRA'WLER, braw'-lur. n.s. A wrangler. 1 Tim. 

iii. 
BRA'WLING*, braw'-tfng. n.s. The act of quarrel- 
ling. Sidneif. 
BRA'WLINGLY* braw'-fing-le. ad. In a quarrel- 
some manner. Huloet. 
BRAWN S, brawn, n. s. The fleshy part of the body. 
Peacham ^Hearm. Shak. Bulk. Dryden. The 



BRAY, bra. n. 

Sfiakspeare. 
BRAY* bra. i 

Ld. Herbert. 
BRA'YER, bra'-or. n. s. One that brays like an ass. 

Pope. An instrument to temper printers' ink. 
BRA'YING*, bra'-lng. n.s. Clamour; noise. Sir T. 

Smith. 
To BRAZE, braze, v. a. To solder with brass. Mox- 

on. To harden to impudence. Shakspeare. 
BRA'ZEN, bra'-zn. 103. a. Made of brass. Peacham. 

Proceeding from brass. Shakspeare. Impudent. 
To BRA'ZEN, bra'-zn. v. n. To be impudent. Ar- 

buthnot. 
BRA ZENBROWED*, bra'-zn-br6ad. a. Shame- 
less; impudent. Browne. 
BRA'ZENFACE, bra'-zn-fase. n. s. An impudent 

wench. Shakspeare. 
BRAZENFACED, bra'-zn-faste. 359. a. Impudent; 

shameless. Shakspeare. 
BRAZENLY*, bra'-zn-le. ad. Iti a bold, impudent 

manner. 
BRA'ZENNESS, bra'-zn-nes. n. s. Appearance like 

brass. Impudence. 
BRA'ZIER, braze'-yfir. 283. n.s. See Brasier. 

Swift. 
BREACH, breetsh. n.s. The act of breaking. Shak. 
The state of being broken. Shak. A gap in a for- 
tification made by a battery. Knolles. The viola- 
tion of a law or contract. Spenser. The opening 
in a coast. Spenser. Difference ; quarrel. Claren- 
don. Infraction ; injury. Clarendon. 
BREADS, bred. n. s. [bneob, Sax.] Food made of 
ground corn. Arbuthnot. Food in general. Gene- 
sis. Support of life at large. K. Charles. 
To BREAD*, or BREADE*, v. a. [bjiaeban, Sax.] 

To spread. Ray. 
BREAD-CHIPPER, bred'-tsh?p-ar. n. s. One that 

chips bread ; an under-butler. Sltakspeare. 
BREAD-CORN, br^d'-kSrn. n.s. Corn of which 

bread is made. Hay ward. 
BREAD-ROOM, bred'-room. n.s. Apart of the holo 

of a ship, where the bread and biscuit are kept. 
BREADEN*, bred'-dn. ad. Made of bread. Rogers. 
BREADTHS, bred/ft. n. s. [bpaeb, Sax.] The meas- 
ure of any plain superficies from side to side. Bacon. 
BRE'ADTHLESS*, bred^'-les. a. Without limit of 

breadth. More. 
To BREAKS, brake. 240, 242. v. a. pret. I broke, or 
brake; part. pass, broke, or broken, [bneccaen, 
Sax.] To part by violence. Psalm ii. To burst, 
or open by force. Milton. To pierce ; to divide. 
Dryden. To destroy by violence. Burnet. To 
batter. Shak. To crush or destroy the strength of 
the body. Sliak. To sink or appal the spirit. Clar- 
endon. To crush ; to shatter. Judith, ix. To 
weaken the mental faculties. Shak. To tame. 
Spenser. To make bankrupt. Shak. To discard; 
to dismiss. Swift. To crack or open the skin. Shak. 
To violate a contract. 2 Chron. xvi. To infringe 
a law. Dryden. To stop. Sfuxk. To intercept,, 
Bacon. To interrupt. Dryden. To separate com- 
pany. Atterbury. To dissolve any union. Collier. 
To reform. Grew. To open something new. Ba- 
con,— To break tlie back. To dislocate the vertebrae. 
Shak. To break the back. To disable one's for 
52 



BRE 



BRE 



-no, mdve, n6r, nftt ;— tilibe, lib, bull ;— 6?1 ;— pound ;— tlun, this. 



tune. Shak. To break a deer. To cut it up in the 
slaughter-house. To breakfast. To eat the first 
time in the day. To break ground. To plough. 
Carew. To break ground. To open trenches. 
To break tlie heart. To destroy with grief. Shak. 
To break a jest. To utter a jest unexpected. But- 
ler. To break the neck. To put out the neck joints. 
Shak. To brealc off. To put a sudden stop. Mil- 
ton. To break off" To preclude by some obstacle 
suddenly interposed. Addison. To break off. To 
tear asunder. Milton. To break up. To dissolve. 
Herbeii. To break up. To lay open. Sandys. 
To brealc up. To separate or disband. Knolles. 
To break tip. To force open. Micah, ii. To 
break upon the wheel. To punish by stretching a 
criminal upon the wheel, and breaking his bones 
with bats. To break wind. To give vent to wind 
in the body. 
To BREAK, brake, v. n. To part in two. Shak. 
To burst. Dryden. To spread by dashing, as 
waves on a rock. Dryden. To break as a swell- 
ing ; to open. Harvey. To open as the morning. 
Donne. To burst forth. Isaiah, Hi. To become 
bankrupt. Sliak. To decline in health. Swift. 
To issue out with vehemence. Pope. To make 
way with suddenness or violence. Hooker. To 
come to an explanation. Sidney. To fall out. B. 
Jonson. — To break from. To go away with some 
vehemence. Roscommon. To break in. To enter 
unexpectedly. Addison. To break hose. To es- 
cape from captivity. Milton. To break loose. To 
shake off restraint. Tillotson. To break off. To 
desist suddenly. Bacon. To break off from. To 
part from with violence. Shak. ToSredk out. To 
discover itself in sudden effects. Spenser. To break 
out. To have eruptions from the body. To break 
out. To become dissolute. Dryden. To breakup. 
To cease. Bacon. To break up. To dissolve it- 
self. Bacon. To brealc up. To begin holidays. 
Shak. To break with. To part friendship with 
any. Shak. It is to be observed of this extensive 
and perplexed verb, that in all its significations, 
whether active or neutral, it has some reference to 
its primitive meaning,by implying either detriment, 
suddenness, violence, or separation. It is used of- 
ten with additional particles, up, out, in, off, forth, 
to modify its signification. 

BREAK, brake, n.s. State of being broken; open- 
ing. Knolles. Milton. Dryden. A pause. Blaclc- 
v-all. A line drawn. Swift. Land ploughed or 
broken up during the first year after the alteration. 
Grose. [In architecture.] A recess of a part behind 
its ordinary range or projecture. Chambers. 

BREAKABLE*, brake'-a-bl. a. Capable of being 
broken. 

BREAKER, bra'-kur. n. s. He that breaks any 
thing. Slwk. A wave broken by rocks. A break- 
er up of the ground. Sherwood. A destroyer. 
Micah, ii. 

To BREAKFAST, brek'-fast. 234,515. v.n. To 
eat the first meal in the day. Prior. 

BREAKFAST, brek'-fast. 88. n. s. The first meal 
in the day. Wotton. The thing eaten at the first 
meal. Bacon. A meal, or food in general. Shak. 

BREAKFASTING*, brek'-f ast-lng. n. s. A party 
assembled to breakfast together ; a publick break- 
fast. Ld. Chesterfield. 

BRE AKING*, brake'-tog. n. s. Bankruptcy. Sea- 
sonable Sermon. Irruption. Hammond. Dissolution. 
Isaiah, xxx. A breaking up of the ground. 

BREAKNECK, brake'-nek. n. s. A steep place en- 
dangering the neck. Shakspeare. 

BREAKPROMISE, brake'-pr&m-k n. s. One that 
makes a practice of breaking his promise. Shak. 

BREAKVOW, brake'-vou. n.s. He that practised 
the breach of vows. Slialcspeare. 

BREAKWATER*, brake'-wa-tdr. r.. s. The hulk 
of an old vessel sunk at the entrance of a harbour 
to break the force of the sea. Ash. 

BREAM$, breme. n. s. [brame, Fr.1 The name of a 
fish. Walton. 

To BREAM*. See To Broom 
20 



BREASTS brest. n. s. [bpeorx, Sax.] The middle 
pari of the human body, between the neck and the 
belly. Prior. The teats of women, which contain 
the milk. Job, xxiv. Anciently, the power of sing- 
ing. Tusser. B. Jonson. The part of a beast that 
is under the neck, between the tore-legs. The dis- 
position of the mind. Dryden. The heart ; the 
conscience. Dryden. 

To BREAST, brest. v. a. To meet in front. Slmlc. 

BREASTBONE, brest'-b6ne. n. s. The sternum 
Peacham. 

BREA'STCASKET, brest'-kas-ket. n. s. The larg 
est caskets or strings placed in the middle of the 
yard of a ship. 

BREASTDE'EP*, brest'-deep. a. Breast-high ; up 
to the breast. Titus Andronicus. 

BREASTED*, brest'-ld. a. Broad-breasted. Hav- 
ing a fine voice. Fiddes. 

BREASTFAST, brest'-f ast. n. s. A rope in a ship 
to hold her head to a warp. Harris. 

BREASTHIGH, brest'-hl. a. Up to the breast. 
Sidney. 

BREASTHOOKS, brest'-h6Sks. n. *. The timbers 
that strengthen the forepart of a ship. Harris. 

BRE / ASTKNOT,brest'-n6t.n.«. A knot of ribands 
worn by women on the breast. Addison. 

BREASTPLATE, brest'-plate. n. s. Armour for 
the breast. Shakspeare. 

BREASTPLOUGH, brest'-plou. n. *. A plough for 
paring turf, driven by the breast. Mortimer. 

BRE ASTROPES, brest' -ropes, n. s. Ropes which 
fasten the yards to the parrels of a ship. Harris. 

BREAST WORK, brest'-wurk. n. s. Works thrown 
up as high as the breast of the defendants : the 
same with parapet. Clarendon. 

BREATHS, brkh. 437. n. s. [bpaSe, Sax.] The air 
drawn in and ejected out of the body. Shak. Life. 
Dryden. The state of breathing freely. Spenser. 
Respite; pause. Shak. Breeze. Addison. A 
single act. Dryden. 

BREATHABLE. bre'-THa-bl. a. That may be 
breathed. 

To BREATHE, breTHe. 437. v. n. To draw in and 
throw out the air by the lungs. Pope. To live. 
Slmk. To take breath. Spenser. To pass as air. 
Shakspeare. 

To BREATHE, breTHe. v. a. To inspire or expire. 
Dryden. To inject by breathing. Decay of Piety. 
To' eject by breathing. Spectator. To exercise. 
Shak. To move by breath. Prior. To exhale. 
Milton. To utter privately. Shak. To give ..air 
or vent to. Dmden. 

BREATHER, bre'-TH&r. n. s. One that breathes. 
Shak. One that utters any thing. Shak. Lispirer. 
Norris. 

BREATHFUL*, breW-ffil. a. Full of breath. 
Spenser. Full of odour. Spender. 

BREATHING, bre'-THmg. n.s. Aspiration ; secret 
prayer. Bp. Hall. Breathing place ; vent. Dry 
den,. An accent. 

BREATHING-PLACE*, bre'-Tumg-plase. n.s 
A pause. Sidney. 

BREATHING-TIME*, bre'-THmg-time. n.s. Re- 
laxation. Bp. Hall. 

BREATHLESS, brfe/iMes. a. Out of breath. Spen 
ser. Dead. Shakspeare. 

BREATHLESSNESS*, breW-les-nes. n. s. The 
state of being out of breath. Bp. Hall. 

BRED, bred. part. pass, [from To breed.] Wisd. xii. 

BREDE, brede. n. s. See Braid. 

BREECH S, breetsh. 247. n. s. The lower part of the 
body ; the back part. Hayward. Breeches. Slmk. 
The hinder part of a piece of ordnance. Anon. 
The hinder part of any thing. 

To BREECH, breetsh. 247. v. a. To put into breech- 
es. To fit any thing with a breech ; as, to breech a 
gun. Shak. To whip on the breech. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

BREACHES, brltsh'-Iz. 247, 99. n. s. [bpeec, Sax.l 

The garment worn by men over the lower part of 

the body. Shak. — To wear the breeches, is, in a 

wife, to usurp the authority of the husband. Burton. 

153 



BRE 



BR1 



0* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ; 



BREE'CHING*, breetsh'-lng. n.s. A whipping. 
Sherwood. The ropes with which the great guns 
are lashed to the side of a ship. Chambers. 
To BREEDS, breed, v. a. preter. I bred, i have Am/, 
[bpaeban, Sax.] To procreate. Roscommon. To 
produce from one's self. Locke. To occasion. 
Spenser. To contrive. Shak. To give birth to. 
Hooker. To educate. Dry dm. To bring up from 
infancy. Dryden. To conduct through the first 
stages of life. Prior. 

To BREED, breed, v. n. To bring young. Spectator. 
To be increased by new production. Raleigh. To 
be produced. Slialcspeare. To raise a breed. Mor- 
timer. 

BREED, breed, n. s. A cast ; a kind. Shak. A fam- 
ily. Arbuthnot. Progeny. Shak. A number pro- 
duced at once ; a hatch. Grew. 

BRE'EDBATE, breed'-bate. n. s. One that breeds 
quartets. Siiakspeare. 

BRE'EDER, breed'-ur. 98. n. s. Thai which pro- 
duces any thing. Shak. The person which brings 
up another. Ascham. A female that is prolifiek. 
Siiakspeare. One that takes care to raise a breed. 
Temple. 

BRE EDING, bree'-dmg. n. s. Education. Sliak. 
Manners. Pope. Nurture. Milton. 

BREESE$,breez. n.s. [bpio r a, Sax.J A stinging 
fly. Siiakspeare. 

BREEZE^, breez. n. s. [brize, Fr.] A gentle gale ; 
a soft wind. Raleigh. 

BRE'EZELESS*, breez'-les. a. Wanting a breeze. 
W. Richardson. 

BRE'EZY, bree'-ze. a. Fanned with gales. Pope. 
Full of gales. Gray. 

BRE'HON, bre'-hon. n.s. [An Irish word, from 
breath, judgement.] A judge. Spenser. 

BREME, breem. a. [bp.emman, Sax.] Cruel ; sharp. 
Chancer. Ob. J. 

To BREN§*, brfin. v. a. [brennan, Sax.] To burn. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

BRENT, brenl. part. a. Burnt. Spenser. 

BRENT*, brant. ; a. [brim, Goth.] Steep ; high. 

BRANT*, brant. \ Ascham. 

BREST, brest. n. s. [In architecture.] The toi-us, or 
tore. 

BRET, br£t. n. s. A fish of the turbot kind. Diet. 

BRE'f FUL* breY-ful. a. Brimful. Chaucer. 

BRETHREN, breTH'-ren. n. s. The plural of brother. 

BRE VE, breve, n. s. [In musick.] A note of time, 
equivalent to four minims. 

BREVE*, breve, n.s. [bpave, Sax.] An official 
writing- ; a writ or brief. Ed. Herbert. 

BRE VET*, bre-vet'. n. s. Appointment in the army, 
and rank above the specifick appointment for which 
pay is received; a lieutenant-colonel, being made 
colonel by brevet, enjoys the pay only of the former, 
but the honour and privileges of the latter, station. 
A breret is a warrant, without seal. 

BRE'VIARY, breve'-ya-re. 507. n. s. [breviarium, 
Lat.] An abridgement. Ayliffe. The book con- 
taining^ the daily service of the church of Rome. 
Abp. Usher. 

ty£2~ All our orthoepists hut Mr. Perry pronounce the first 
syllable of this word long ; but if authority wsre silent, 
analogy would decide for the pronunciation I have giv- 
en. 534. W. 

BRE'VIATE, breve'-yat. 113. n. s. A short compen- 
dium. Milton. A lawver's brief. Hudibras. 

To BRE'VIATE* brevV-yate, or bre'-ve-ate. v. a. 
To abbreviate. Sherwood. 

BRE'VIATURE, breve'-ya-tshure. 465) 113- n s 
An abbreviation. 

BRE'VIER, bre-vere'. n.s. A particular size of let- 
ter used in printing. 

BRE'VlTY.brev'-e-te. 511. n.s. Conciseness. Dryd. 

To BREW §, br66. 339. v, a. [bpipan, Sax.] To make 
liquors by mixing several ingredients. Bacon. To 
put into preparation. Shak. To mingle. Shak. 
To contrive ; to plot. Wotton. 

To BREW, br&S. v.n. To perform the office of a 
brewer. Siiakspeare. 

BREW b;6d. n.s. Manner of brewing. Bacon. 



BRE'WAGE, brod-'-ldje. 90. n.s. Mixture of various 
things. Siiakspeare. 

BRE'WER, brod'-fir. n.s. A man whose trade it is 
to make beer. Shaksjieare. 

BREWERY*, brfio'-e-re. n. s. The place appropri- 
ated to brewing. Pennant. 

BRE'WHOUSE*, brod'-hSus. n. s. A house appro- 
priated to brewing. Bacon. 

BRF/WING* broo'-nig. n. s. [In naval language.] 
The appearance of biack, tempestuous clouds, indi- 
cating an approaching storm. Chambers. 

BREWING, broS'-ing. 410. n.s. Quantity brewed 
at once. Bacon. 

BRE'WIS, br56'-is. n.s. [bpipa r , Sax.] A piece of 
bread soaked in boiling fat pottage, made of salted 
meat. Warner. 

BRI'AR. See Brier. 

BRIBER, bribe, n. s. [bribe, Fr.] A reward given to 
pervert the judgement or corrupt the conduct. Shale. 

To BRIBE, bribe, v. a. To gain by bribes. Dryden. 

BRFBER, brl'-b&r. 98. n. s. One that pays for cor- 
rupt practices. South. 

BRFBERY, brl'-b&r-re. 555. n.s. The crime of tak- 
ing or giving rewards for bad practices. Bacon. 

BRICK £ brlk. n. s. [brick, Dutch.] A mass of burnt 
clay, squared for the use of builders. Bacon. A 
loaf shaped like a brick. 

To BRICK, brik. v. a. To lay with bricks. Beau 
mont and Fletcher. 

BRFCKBAT, brlk'-bat. n. s. A piece of brick. 
Bacon. 

BRI'CKBUILT*, brlk'-bilt. part. a. Built with bricks. 
Dryden. 

BRFCKCLAY, brlk'-kla. n. s. Clay used for mak- 
ing bricks. Woodward. 

BRI CKDUST, brik'-dfist. n. s. • Dust made by 
pounding bricks. Spectator. 

BRFCKEARTH, brik'-erf/f. n. s. Earth used in 
making bricks. Mortimer. 

BRI CK-KILN, brik'-kil. n. s. A kiln to burn bricks 
Decay of Piety. 

BRl'CKLAYER, brlk'-la-ur. n.s. A brick-mason. 
Siiakspeare. 

BRFCKLE§*. brik'-kl. a. [brokel, Teut.] Brittle; 
apt to break. Spenser. 

BRI CKLENESS*, brlk'-kl-nes. n. s. Fragility. 
Barret. 

BRFCKMAKER, brik'-ma-kfir. n. s. One whose 
trade it is to make bricks. Woodward. 

BRFCKWORK*, brfk'-w&rk. n. s. Laying of bricks 
Sherwood. 

BRFCK Y*, brlk'-e. a. Full of bricks ; fit for bricks. 
Cotgrave. 

BRFDAL §, brl'-dal. n. s. [bpibal, Sax.] The nup- 
tial festival. Ascham. 

BRFDAL, brl'-dal. a. Belonging to a wedding. 
Slialcspeare. 

BRFDALTY*, brl'-dal-te. n.s. Celebration of the 
nuptial feast. B. Jonson. 

BRIDE §, bride, n. s. [bpyb, Sax.] A woman new 
married. Spenser. 

To BRIDE*, bride, v. a. To make a bride of; to 
marry. 

ERFDEBED, brlde'-bSd. n. s. Marriage-bed. Shak. 

BRFDECAKE, brlde'-kake. n. s. A cake distributed 
to the guests at a wedding. B. Jonson.. 

BRFDECHAMBER*, bride'-tsbame-bur. n. s. The 
nuptial chamber. St. Matt. ix. 

BRFDEGROOM, brlde'-groom. n. s. [bpib$uma, 
Sax.] A new married man. Siiakspeare. 

BRFDEMAID, brlde'-made. n. s. She who attends 
upon the bride. Sir J. Suckling. 

BRFDEMAN, brlde'-man. n. s. He who attends the 
bride and bridegroom at the nuptial ceremony. 
Wlveatlv. 

BRFDESTAKE, brlde'-stake. n. s. A post set in the 
ground, to dance round. B. Jonson. 

BRIDEWELLS, brlde'-wel. n. s. [The palace 
built by St. Bride's, or Bridget's well, was turned 
into a workhouse.] A house of correction. Sped. 

BRIDGE $, brldjc. n. s. [bpycTTe, Sax.] A building 
raised over water for the convenience of passage. 
154 



BRI 



BTtl 



— 116, m6ve, n6r, i\M ; — tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— p6iind ; — </tin. ruis. 



SAaA. The upper part of the nose. Bacon 

^ 
musick. 



supporte 



1 he upp< 
r of the 



The 



suings in stringed instruments of 
To raise a bridge over 



. [bpaep., Sax.] A plant. 
Rough ; full of briers. 
A place where briers 



To BRIDGE, bridje. v. a 

anv place. Mi/km. 
BRIDGY*, brid'-je. a. Full of bridges. Sherwood, 
BRI'DLE$, brl'-dl. 405. n. s. [bpibl, Sax.] The 
headstall and reins by which a horse is governed. 
Dryden. A restraint 5 a curb. Clarendon. 
To BRI OLE, brl'-dl v. a. To guide by a bridle. 
Addison. To put a bridle on "any thing. Prior. 
To restrain. Hooker. 
To BRI'DLE, brl'-dl. v. n. To hold up the head. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BRI'DLEHAND, bri'-dl-hand. n. s. The hand which 

holds the bridle. Sidneif. 
BRI DLER*, brl'-dlur. h. s. He who directs or re- 
strains as by a bridle. Millon. 
BRIEF $, breef. a. [brief, Fr.] Short 5 concise. Sluxk. 

Contracted. Shakspeare. 
BRIEF, breef. n. 5. A writing of any kind. Shak. 
A short extract. Spenser. [In law.] A species of 
writ or precept. Cowel. The writing given the 
pleaders, containing the case. Swift. Letters pat- 
ent, giving license to a charitablecolleetion. [In 
musick.] A measure of quantity, which contains 
two strokes down in beating time, and as many up. 
Harris. 
BRI'EFLY, breef-le. ad. Concisely. Bacon, Quick- 

Iv. Shakspeare. 
BRl'EFNESS, breef -nes. n. s. Conciseness; short- 
ness. Caniden. ' 
BRl'ER§,bri'-ur. 98, 418.7*. 

Sfuxkspeare. 
BRI'ERY, bri'-ur-re. 555. a 

Sherwood. 
BRI'ERY* bri'-ur-re. n. s. 

grow. Huloet. 
BRIG. brig, n. s. A bridge. Gibson's Camden.. 
BRIG*, brig, n, s. A light vessel with two masts. 
BRIGA'DE^, bre-gude'. 117. n. s. [brigade, Fr.] A 
body of men, consisting of several squadrons of 
horse, or battalions of foot. Millon. 
To BRIGADE*, bre-gade'. v. a. To form into a 

brigade. 
BRIGADIER General, brig-a-deeri. 275. n. s. An 
officer who commands a brigade. Ld. Chesterfield. 
BRI'GAXD, brlg'-and. n. s. [brigand, Fr.] A rob- 
ber. Braiuhall. 
BRI'GANDAGE* brig'-and-adje. n. s. [Fr.] Theft ; 

plunder. Warburton. 
BRPGANDINE, brig'-iin-dlne. 150. n. s. A light 
vessel, formerly used by corsairs or pirates. Spen- 1 
ser. A coat of mail. Jeremiah, xivi. 
BRIGANTINE, brig'-an-tlne. n. ?. A light vessel. I 

Oticay. 
53" All our orthoeoists sound the last i in this word long; j 
and vet my memory fails me if the stage does not pro- 
nounce it short ; a pronunciation to which the stage is j 
very prone, as Valentine, Cymbcline, &c. are heard on j 
the stage as if written Valentin. Cymbelin, &c. 
" You may remember, scarce three years are past, 
11 When in your bria-antine you sail'd to see 
" The Adriatick wedded hy our duke, 
" And I was with you." Venice Preserved. W. 

BRIGHT $, brlte. a. [beonht, Sax.] Shining; full 

of light. Milton. Reflecting light. Chapman. 

Clear, Thomson. Evident. Watts. Resplendent 

with charms. Parnel. Illuminated with science. 

Pope. Illustrious. Cotton. 
To BRI'GHTEN, brl'-tn. Ido.v.a. To make bright. 

Dryden, To make luminous. Philips. To make 

gay. Milton. To make illustrious. Swifl. To 

make acute, or witty, 
To BRI'GHTEN, brl'-tn. v. n. To grow bright. 

Pope. 
BRrCiHTBURNING* brlte'-burn-tog. a. Burning 

brightly. Titus Andronicus. 
BRI'GHTEYED* brlte'-ide. a. Having bright eyes. 

Gray. 
BRl'GHTHAIRED*, brlte'-hir'd. a. Having hair 

cf a bright colour. Milton. 



BRl'GHTHARiNESSED* brlte'-hir-nest. a. Hav- 

ing bright armour. Milton. 
BRI'GHTLY, brlte'-le. ad. Splendidly. Pope. 
BRIGHTNESS, brlte'-nes. n. s. Lustre. Spenser. 

Acuteness. Prior. 
BRI'GKTSHINING*, brlte'-shlne-lng. part. a. 

Shining brightly. Spenser. 
BRIGO'&E*, bre-gose'. a. Quarrelsome 5 conten- 
tious. Puller. 
BRIGUE$* brig. n. s. [briga, Germ.] Strife; quar- 
rel. Cluxucer. 
To BR1GUE*, brig. v. a. [briguer, Fr.] To canvass; 
to solicit. Hurd. 

BRI'LLIANCY, bril'-yan-se. n. s. Lustre ; splen- 
dour. 

BRI'LLIANT$, brfl'-yant. 113. a. [brilUmt, Fr.] 
Shining; sparkling. Dorset. 

BRILLIANT, bril'-yant. n. s. A diamond of the 
finest cut. Dryden. 

BRI'LLIANTLY*, brll'-yant-le. ad. Splendidly. 
Warton. 

BRI'LLIANTNESS, brfl'-yant-nes. n. s. Splen- 
dour; lustre. 

BRILL'S, brils. n. s. The hair on the eyelids of a 
horse. Did. 

BRIM $, brim. 7t, s. [briimm, Sax.] The edge of 
any thing. Bacon. The upper edge of any vessel. 
Crashaw. The top of any liquor. Joshua, iii. The 
bank of a fountain, river, or the sea. Spenser. 

BRIM* brim. a. [bpyme, Sax.] Publick ; well 
known. Warner. Ob. T. 

To BRIM, brim. v. a. To fill to the top. Milton. 

To BRIM, brim, v, n. To be full to the brim. Philips. 

To BRI'MFILL*, brim'-fll. v. a. To fill to the top. 
Crashaw. 

BRI'MFUL, brim'-ful. a. Full to the top. Sidney. 

BRI'MFULNESS, brim'-ful-nes. n. s. Fulness to 
the top. Shakspeare. 

BRI' M LESS* brim'-les. a. Without an edge or 
brim. L. Addison. 

BRI'MMER, brim'-mflr. n. s. A bowl full to the top. 
Dn/den. 

BRI'MMING, brim'-mlng. a. Full to the brim. 
Dn/den. 

BRPMSTONE§, brim'-stone. n.s. [b-in or In-enstone, 
that is. fiery stone.] Sulphur. 

BRI'MSTONY, brim'-st6-ne. a. Full of brimstone. 
B. Jonson, 

BRPNDED §, brin'-dgd. a. [bjiennan, Sax.] Of a 
brown colour, originally ; thence, of a varied co- 
lour ; streaked. SJiakspeare. 

BRI NDLE, brin'-dl.405, 359. n. s. The state of be- 
ing brinded. Clarissa. 

BRPNDLED, brin'-dld. 405. a. Brinded; streaked. 
Addison. 

BRINE ^ brine, n.s. [bnyne, Sax.] Water impreg- 
nated with salt. Bacon. The sea. Shak. Tears. 

BRI'NEITT, brlne'-pn. n.s. Pit of salt water. Shak. 

To BRING §, bring. 408, 409. 0. a. [bpjn^an,Sax.] 
To fetch from. Shak. To convey, or carry to. 
Gmesis. To convey in one's own hand; not to 
send by another. Dryden. To procure as a cause. 
Bacon. To reduce ;" to recall. Locke. To attract, 
to draw along. Newton. To put into any particu 
lar state. Locke. To lead by degrees. I/Estrangt. 
To recall ; to summons. Dryden. To induce ; to 
prevail upon. Locke. To attend : to accompany. 
S/iak. — To bring about. To bring to pass. Dn; 
den. To bring forth. To give birth to. Shak 
To bring forth. "To bring to light. Job, xxxviij 
To bring in. To place in any condition. Shak 
To bring in. To reduce. Spenser. To bring in. 
To afford gain. South. To bring in. To intry 
duce. Taylor. To bring off. To clear; to ac 
quit. VEstrange. To bring on. To engage in 
action. Bacon. To bring on. To produce as an 
occasional cause. Burnet. To bring orer. To 
convert ; to draw to a new party. Swift. To bring 
out. To exhibit. Shak. To bring to pass. Tq 
effect. Genesis, xli. To bring under . To subdue. 
Spenser. To bring up. To educate. Sidney. 7 T d 
bring up. To introduce to general practice. Spee~ 
155 



BRO 












BRO 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate, 


far, fall, 


faty 


— me, met ;- 


-plne 


pin ; — 



iator. To bring: up. To cause to advance. Shak. 
To bring up. To bring' back. Genesis, xlvi. To 
bring up. To introduce ; to occasion. Numbers, 
xiv. Bring retains in all its senses the idea of an 
agent, or cause producing a real or metaphorical 
motion of something towards something. 

BRFNGER, brlng'-fir. 409. n s. The person that 
brings. Sfiakspeare. 

BRI NGER-IN*, brfng'-ur-In. n. s. The person who 
introduces any thing. Sandys. 

BRFNGER-UP, brlng'-or-fip. n. s. Instructed As- 
cham. Bringers-up are the whole last rank of men 
in a battalion, or the hindmost man in every file. 
Chambers. 

BRFNGING/brt/i* Production. Shakspeare. 

BRFN1SH, bri'-nlsh. a. Salt. Shakspeare. 

BRFNISHNESS, bri'-nlsh-nes. n. s. Tendency to 
saltness. 

BRINK §, brink, n. s. [brink, Danish.] The edge of 
any place, as of a precipice or a river. Dryden. 

BRINY, brl'-ne. a. Salt. Dry den. 

BRFONY. See Bryony. 

BRISK §, brisk, a. [brusque, Fr.] Lively. Denlxam. 
Powerful; spirituous. Denham. Vivid; bright. 
Newton. 

To BRISK*, brisk, v. a. To make brisk. 

To BRISK UP. v.n. To come up briskly. 

To BRISK UP*, v.a. To enliven. Killingbeck. 

BRFSKET, brls'-kit. 99. n. s. [tryced, Welsh.] The 
breast of an animal. Mortimer. 

BRFSKLY, br?skM6. ad. Actively; vigorously. 
Boyle. 

BRFSKNESS, brfsk'-nes. n. s. Liveliness. South. 
Gayety. Dry dm. 

BRFSTLE §, brls'-sl. 405, 472. n. s. [bpi r tl, Sax.] 
The stiff" hair of swine. Sfiakspeare. 

To BRFSTLE, brls'-sl. v. a. To erect in bristles. 
Shakspeare. 

To BRFSTLE, brV-sl. v.n. To stand erect as 
bristles. Shakspeare. 

To BRFSTLE a Thread. To fix a bristle to it. 

BRFSTLELIKE*. brls'-sl-llke. a. Stiff as a bristle. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

BRFSTLY, brls'-le. a. Thick set with bristles. Ba- 
con. 

BRFSTOL STONE, bris'-tol-st6ne. n. s. A kind of 
soft diamond found in a rock near the city of Bris- 
tol. Woodward. 

BRIT, brlt. n. s. The name of a fish. Carew. 

To BRITE, or To BRIGHT, brite. at n. To be 
over ripe. 

BRITISH $*, brit'-fsh, a. [Bpy ttire, Sax.] What 
relates to Britain. Milion. Applied to language, 
it means the Welsh. Richards. 

BRFTON*, brlt'-nn. n. s. A native of Britain. Shak. 

BRFTON*, brlt'-fin. a. British. Spenser. 

BRFTTLE $, brlt'-tl. 405. a. [bpytan, Sax,] Fra- 
gile. Bacon. 

BRFTTLELY*, brlt'-tl-le. ad. In a fragile state. 
ShencoGd. 

BRFTTLENESS.brlt'-tl-nSs. n.s. ApUiess to break. 
Ascliam. 

BRIZE §, brlze. n.s. The gad-fly. Spenser. 

BROACH $, brotsh. 295. n. s. [broche, Fr.] A spit. 
Bacon. A musical instrument. Diet. 

To BROACH, br6tsh. v. a. To spit. Shakspeare. To 
pierce a vessel ; to tap, Crashaw. To open any j 
store. Knolles. To let out any thing. Hudibras. 
To give out or utter. Rakish. 
To BROACH to*. [In naval language.] To turn 
suddenly to windward. CJiambers. 

BRO'ACHER, br6tsh'-Qr. n. s. A spit. Dryden. 
An opener, or utterer ; the fipst author. L' Estrange. 

BROAD $, brawd. 2^5. ad. [bpab, Sax.] Wide. 
Shak. Large. Locke. Clear; open. Chapman, 
Odyssey. Gross ; coarse. Dryden. Obscene ; ful- 
some. Dryden. Bold ; not delicate. Shakspeare. 
BROAD as long. Equal upon the whole. V Estrange. 
BRO'ADAXE*,brawd'-aks. n.s. [bpab-sex, Sax.] 

Formerly a military weapon. Spenser. 
BROAD-BLOWN*, brawd'-blone. part. a. Full 
blown. Sfiakspeare. 



BROAD-BREASTED*, brawd'-brest-ed. a. Hav- 
ing a broad breast. Huloet. 
BROAD-BRLMMED* brawd'-brlmd. a. Having a 

broad border, brim, or edge. Taller. 
BROAD-CAST*, brawd'-kast. n. s. The method of 

cultivating corn, turnips, &c. by sowing them with 

the hand at large. Chambers. 
BROAD-CLOTH, brawd'-kl&fi. n. s. A fine kind 

of cloth. Swift. 
BROAD-EYED, brawd'-lde. a. Having a wide 

survey. Sfiakspeare. 
BROAD-FRONTED*, brawd'-fr&nt-ed. part. a. 

Having a broad front; applied to cattle. Chapman. 
BROAD-HORNED*, brawdMidrnd. a. Having 

large horns. Huloet. 
BROAD-LEAVED, brawd'-leevd. a. Having broad 

leaves. Sandys. 
To BRO'ADEN, braw'-dn. 103. v. n. To grow bold. 

Thomson. 
BRO / ADISH*.brawd'-?sh.a. Rather broad. Russell. 
BROADLY, brawdMe. ad. In a broad manner. 

Sir E. Sandys. 
BROADNESS, brawd'-nes. n. s. Breadth. Bacon. 

Coarseness. Dryden. 
BRO ADPIECE*, brawd'-peese. n. s. The denomi- 
nation of one of our gold coins. Smiling. 
BROAD-SEAL*, brawd'-sele. n. s. The great seal 

of England. Sheldon. 
To BROAD-SEAL*, brawd'-sele. v. a. To stamp 

or sanction with the broad-seal. B. Jonson. 
BROADSHOULDERED, brawd' -shole-dfird. a. 

Having a large space between the shoulders. 

Dryden. 
BROADSIDE, brawd'-side. n. s. The side of a ship. 

Waller. The volley of shot fired at once from the 

side of a ship. Swift . [In printing.] A sheet of 

paper containing one large page. 
BROAD-SPREADING*, brawd'-spred-ing.^art. a. 

Spreading widely. Shakspeare. 
BRO'ADSWORD, brawd'-sord. n. s. A cutting 

sword, with a broad blade. Wiseman. 
BRO ADTAILED*, brawd'-tald. a. Having a 

broad tail. Sandys. 
BRO' AD WISE, brawd'-wlze. 140. ad. According 

to the direction of the breadth. Boyle. 
BROCA'DE $, bro-kade'. n. s. [brocado, Span.] A 

silken stuff, variegated with colours of gold or sil- 
ver. Spectator. 
BROCA'DED, bro-ka'-ded. a. Drest in brocade. 

Woven in the manner of a brocade. Gay. 
BROCAGE, or BRO'KAGE, br6'-kldje. 90. n. s. 

The gain gotten by promoting base bargains. 

Spenser. 1 he hire given for any unlawful office. 

Bacon. The trade of dealing in old things. B. 

Jonson. The transaction of business for other men. 

BRO'CCOLI, brdk'-k6-le. n. s. [Italian.] A spe- 
cies of cabbage. Pope. 

To BROCHE. See To Broach. 

BROCK, brok, n. s. [bpoc, Sax.] A badger. Brown. 

BRO'CKET, br&k'-kit. 99. n. s. A red deer, two 
years old. Knatchbull. 

BRODEKIN*, brod'-ldn. n, s. [brodequin, Fr.] A 
buskin, or half-boot. Echard. 

To BRO'GGLE*, br&g'-gl. v. n. To fish for eels. 

BROGUE, brig. 337. ?i.s. [brog, Irish.] A kind of 
a shoe. Shak. A cant word for a corrupt dialect. 
Farquhar. 

BROGUE-MAKER*, brig'-ma-kfir. n. s. A maker 
of brogues. Johnson. 

To BROID*, br6ld. v. a. To braid or weave to- 
gether. Cha7icer. 

ToBRO'IDERS, br6e'-dur. v.a. [brodir, Fr.] To 
adorn with figures of needle work. Exodus 

BRO'IDERER^brde'-d&r-nr. n. s. An embroiderer. 
Huloet. 

BROIDERY, brfie'-dur-re. 555. n. 5. Embroidery. 
TickeU. 

BROIL §, broil, n. s. [brouUler, Fr.] A tumult ; a 
quarrel. Shakspeare. 

To BROIL §, brdll. v. a. Under, Fr.] To cook by 
laying on the coals, or before the fire. Luke, xxiv. 42 
156 



BRO 



BRU 



— n6, move, nor, not; — tube, tflb, I > i . i 1 ;- 



-pOund; — tk'm, t 



To BROIL, brfill. r. n. To be in the heat ShaJc. 
BROILER*, brde'-lur. n. s. One who would excite 
a broil, or quarrel. Hammond. That which dresses 
bv cookery. Sherwood. 
To "BROKE*, broke, v.n. [byiuca^Sax.] To trans- 
act business for others. Sliakspeare. 
BROKEN, br6'-kn. 103. part. pass, of break. 
BROKEN-BELLIED*, bro'-kn-bel-lld. a. Having a 

ruptured belly. Sir M. Sandys. 
BROKEN-MEAT, bro'-kn-meet. Fragments. Swift. 
BROKENHEARTED, bro'-kn-har'-ted. a. Having 

the spirits crushed by grief or fear. lsaiali. 
BRO'KENLY, bro'-kn-Te. ad. Without any regular 

series. Hakeirill. 
BRO'KENNESS*, brf/-kn-nes. n.s. Unevenness. 

Smith. 
BROKEN WINDED*, bro'-kn-wlnd'-ed. a. Having 

short breath. May. 
BROKER, br6'-kur. n.s. A factor. Temple. One who 
deals in old goods. A pimp ; a match-maker. Shak. 
BROKERAGE, bro-kur-fdje. 90. n.s. The pay of 

a broker. 
BRO'KERLY*, bro'-kfir-le. a. Mean ; servile. B. 

Jonson. 
BROKERY*. bnV-kur-re. n.s. The business of a 

broker. Bp. Hail. 
BRO'KING, br6 ; -king. part. a. Practised by brokers. 

Sliakspeare. 
BRONCHIAL, brdn'-ke-al. ; a. Belonging to the 
BRONCHICK. br&n'-klk. \ throat. Arlndluwt. 
BRO'NCHOCELE, br6n'-k6-sele. [See Hydro- 
cele.] n. s. [(3poyxoK.r}\r}.] A tumour of the bron- 
chus. Quincy. 
BRONCHOTOMY, br&n-kot'-t6-me.518. n. s. That 
operation which opens the windpipe by incision. 
Quincy. 
BROND, brond. n.s. [bjionb, Sax.] See Brand. 

A sword. Spensef. 
BRONTOLOGY, bron-t&l'-o-je. n. s. {fipovrii and 

Xoyj'aJ A dissertation upon thunder. Diet. 
BRONZE S, br6nze. [br6nze. Perry.'] n.s. [bronze, 
Fr.] Brass. Pope. Relief, or statue, cast in brass 
and copper mixed. Prior. A factitious metal 
compounded of copper and tin. Cliambers. 
To BRONZE*, bronze, v. a. To harden as brass. 

Younz. 
BROOCH S, brootsh. n. s. [broche, Fr.] A jewel ; an 
oraament of jewels. SliaJcspcare. A painting all of 
one colour. Diet. 
To BROOCH, brootsh. v. a. To adorn with jewels. 

Shakspeare. 
To BROODS, brood, v.n. [bp.ob,Sax.] To sit, as on 
eggs. Milton. To cover chickens under the wing 
Dryden. To remain long in anxiety. Dryden. Tc 
mature any thing by care. Bacon. 
To BROOD, brdod. v. a. To cherish by care. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
BROOD, br66d. n. s. [bnob,Sax.] Offspring, proge- 
ny. Fairfax. Thing bred. Addison. The number 
hatched at once. Spectator. A production. Sliak- 
speare. The act of covering the eggs. SJw.kspeare. 
BROODY, brod'-de. a. In a state of sitting on the 

eggs. Ray. 
BROOK, brook, [brfik, Perry and Jones.'] n.s. 
[bnoc bnoca, Sax.] A running water, less than a 
river. Shakspeare. 
To BROOKS, brook, c. a. [bjmcait, Sax.] To bear; 

to endure. Hooker. 
To BROOK, brook, v. n. To endure. Sidney. 
BROOKLLME, brOOkMlme. n. s. A sort of water 

speedwell. 
BRO'OKMINT*. brook'-mliV n.s. The water-mint. 
BRO'OKY*, brflok'-e. a. Abounding with ; rooks. 

Dyer. 
BROOM v, br66m. n.s. [bpom, Sax.] A small tree. 

Dryden. A besom. Sliaksjieare. 
To BROOM* broom. ) v. a. [In naval language.] To 
To BREAM* breem. < clean the ship. 
BROOMLAND,br36m'-land. n. s. Land that bears 

broom. Mortimer. 
BROOxMSTAFF, bro6m'-staf. n. s. The handle of 
a besom. ShaJcspeare. 



BROOMSTICK, broom'-srfk. n. s. A broomstafl. 
Swift. 

BROOMY, br6d'-me. a. Full of broom. Mortimer 
Consisting of broom. Swift. 

BROTH, broth, n. s. [bpoS,<6ax.] Liquor in which 
flesh is boiled. Bacon. 

BROTHELS, brdTH'-el. ?n.s. [bor 

BROTHELHOUSE, br&TH'-el-hoas. \ del, Fr.] 
A house of lewd entertainment. Sliakspeare. 

BRO'THELLER*, brOTH'-el-lar. n. s. He who fre- 
quents a brothelhouse. 

BROTHELRY*, brixH'-el-re. n.s. Whoredom. 
Bp. Hall. Obscenity. B. Jonson. 

BROTHERS, bruiV-ur. 98. n. s. [bpoSen, Sax.] 
One born of the same father and mother. Shak. 
Any one closely united ; associate. Chaucer. Any 
one resembling another in manner, form, or pro- 
fession. Proverbs, xviii. Brother is used, in theo- 
logical language, for man in general. 1 Cor. viii. 

BROTHERHOOD, brfiTH'-ur-hud. n.s. The state 
or quality of being a brother. Shakspeare. An 
association ; a fraternity. Davies. A class of men 
of the same kind. Addison. 

BROTHERLESS*, bruTH'-fir-les. a. Without a 
brother. Andr. Marvel. 

BROTHERLIKE*, br&TH'-ur-like. a. Becoming a 
brother. Shakspeare. 

BROTHERLOVE*. bruxH'-ur-l&v. n. s. Brotherly 
affection. Shakspeare. 

BROTHERLY, br&TH'-iVle. a. Natural ; such as 
becomes a brother. Bacon. 

BROTHERLY, br&TH'-Or-le. ad. After the manner 
of a brother. Shakspeare. 

BROUGHT, brawt. 393. part. pass, of bring. 

BROWS, brou. n.s. [bpsep, Sax.] The arch of 
hair over the eye. Dryden. The forehead. Shak. 
The general air of the countenance. Shak. The 
edge of any high place. Bacon. 

To BROW, br6u. v. a. To bound ; to limit. Milton. 

To BRO'WBEAT, brOu'-bete. v. a. To depress with 
severe brows and looks. Souih. 

BRO'WBEATING*, br6u'-bete-?ng. n. s. The act 
of depressing by stern or lofty looks. L' Estrange. 

BROWBOUND, brofi'-bofind. a. Crowned. Shak. 

BROWLESS*. brd&Mes. a. Without shame. L. 
Addison. 

BRO'WSICK, broft'-sik. a. Dejected. Suckling. 

BROWNS, brMn. a. [bjiun, Sax.] The name of a 
colour. Sliakspeare. 

BRO'WNBILL, brSun'-bil. n.s. The ancient weap- 
on of the English foot. Hudibras. 

BROWNISH, brdun'-ish. a. Somewhat brown. 
Woodwo.rd. 

BROWNISM* brOunMsm. n.s. The heresy of 
those who adopted the opinions of Robert Brown. 
Milton. 

BROW'NIST*, brcun'-ist. n. s. One of the sect of 
Robert Brown, a noted sectarist, in the time oi 
Queen Elizabeth, who confined the church of God 
to his conventicle, excluding- all other Christians ou* 



of the pale of the church. Pagitt. 
EtOWNNESS, broiW-nes. n. s. 



A brown colon;. 
Gloom/ 



BRO'WNSTUDY, broun-stud'-de. n, 

meditations. JVorris. 
BRO' WN WORT*. brofin'-wurt. n. s. The fig-wort. 
BRVWNIE*, br6iV-ne. n.s. A spirit, foolishly sup- 
posed to haunt old houses in Scotland. 
BRO WNY* brou'-ne. a. Brown. Shakspeare. 
To BROWSES, brduze. v. a. To eat branches, or 

shrubs. Spenser. 
To BROWSE, brSoze. v. n. To feed. Shakspeare. 
BROWSE, broftse. n. s. Branches, or shrubs. Dryden. 
BROWSING*, brd&z'-mg. n. s. Food which deer 

find in youi.g coppices. Howell. 
To BRUISE S, br66ze. 343. r. a. [bpyran, Sax.] To 

crush or mangle with a heavy blow, or fall. Gen. iii. 
BRUISE, br66ze. n. s. A hurt with something blunt 

and heavy. Nahum, iii. 
BRUISER*, broo'-z&r. n.s. A concave tool for 

grinding the specula of telescopes. Chambers. In 

vulgar language, a boxer. 
157 



BUB 



BUB 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; 



BRU'ISEWORT, brooze'-wfirt. «. ». An herb. 
BRUITS, brfiot. 343. ».*. [And, Goth.] Rumour; 

report. 
!To BRUIT, broot. v. a. To report. Shakspeare. 
BRU'MAL, br6o'-mal! ad. [brumalis, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to the winter. Brown. 
BRUN, BRAN, BROWN, BOURN, BURN, all 
from the Sax. bopn, boupn, bpunna, bupna, sig- 
nifying- a river or brook. 
BRUNETTE, br65-neV. n. s. [brunette, Fr.] A wo- 
man with a brown complexion. Addisori. 
BRU'NION, briV-yon. n. s. [brugnon, Fr.] A fruit 

between a plum and a peach. Trevoux. 
BRUNT, brunt, n. s. [bpennan.] Shock ; violence. 
Sidney. Blow; stroke. Sjtenser. A brief and 
sudden effort. Bp. Hill. 
BRUSH $, brush, n.s. [orosse, Fr.] An instrument 
to clean any thing-. The larger pencils used by 
painters, Stilling jleet. A rude assault. Sluxkspeare. 
A thicket. Spenser. 
To BRUSH, brush. |>. a. To sweep with a brush. 
Shak. To strike with quickness. Spenser. To 
paint with a brush. Pope. To carry away, by an 
act like that of brushing. Milton. To move as the 
brush. Dryden. 
To BRUSH", brush, v. n. To move with haste. Dry- 
den. To flv over. 
BRU'SHER,' brush'-fir. n.s. He that uses a brush. 

Bacon. 
BRU'SHET*, brflsh'-St. n. s. See Buskf.t. 
BRU'SHWOOD, brfish'-wfiod. n.s. Rough, low, 

close thickets. Dryden. 
BRU'SHY, brush'-e. a. Rough or shagjcv, like a 

brush. Boyle. 
BRUSK*, brfisk. a. [brusque, Fr.] Rude. Sir H. 

Wolton. 
To BRU'STLE §, brftft-sL 472. v. n. [bpaj-fchan, 

Sax.l To crackle. Gower. 
BRUTAL, broo'-tal. 343. a. That which belongs to a I 

brute. Savage; cruel. Dryden. 
BRUTA'LITY, brofi-tal'-e-te. n.s. Savageness. 

Locke. 
7\> BRUTALIZE, br66'-ta-llze. v. n. To grow bru- 
tal. Addison. 
To BRUTALIZE, brfio'-ta-llze. v. a. To make 

brutal. Cowper. 

BRUT A ELY . 1 -rotV-tal-le. ad. Churlishly. A rhdhnot. 

BRUTE *, brOot.339. a. [brulus, Lat.] Senseless. 

Bentlev. Swage. Holder. Bestial. Milton. Rough; 

ferociv us. Pope. 

BRUTE, brfifit. n. s. An irrational creature ; a savage. 

Milton. 
To RRUTE, brfiot. v. a. [for bruit.'] To report. 
Krwllrs. 

BRUTELY*, brootMe. ad. In a rough manner. 

Milton. 
BRUTENESS, brftftt'-nSs. n. s. Brutality. Spenser. 
To BRUTIFY, brfifit'-te-fl. v. a. To make a man a 

brute; Congreve. To render the mind brutal. 

Barroiv. 
BRUTISH, brfio'-tfsh. a. Bestial. Milton. Savage; 

ferocious. Grew. Gross ; carnal. Shak. Ignorant ; 

uncivilized. Hooker. Unconscious; insignificant. 

Sandys. 
BRUTISHLY, brfio'-tfsh-le. ad. Savagely. King 



Charlc 



broS'-tlsh-nes.?, n. 



Brutality. 
i. [brouter, 



BRUTISHNESS 

Sprat. 
To BRUT§*,orBRUTTE§* f brfit. w 

Fr.] To browse. Ereh/n. 
BRUTTING*, brfit'-tlhg. n. s. Browsing. Evelyn. 
BRY'ONY, brl'-o-ne. n. s. [bryoma, Lat.] A plant. 

B. Jonson. 
BUB, bub. n. s. Liquor. Prior. 
To BUB*', bub. v. a. To throw out in bubbles. Sack- 

rille. Ob. T. 
BU'BBLES, bfib'-bl. 405. n.s. [bohbel, Dutch.] A 

small biadder of water. Bacon. That which wants 

solidity and firmness. Bacon. A cheat. Swift. 

The person cheated. Prior. 
To BU'BBLE, bfib'-bl. v. n. To rise in bubbles. 
To run with a gentle noise. Dryden. 



To BU'BBLE, bfib'-bl. v. a. To cheat. Addison 
BUBBLER, bfib'-blfir. 405. n.s. A cheat. Di&oy. 
BU'BBLY*, bfib'-ble. a. Consisting of bubbles. Nashe. 
BU'BBY.bfib'-be. n.s. A woman's breast. Arlndhnot. 
BU'BO, bu'-bb. n. s. [Lat.] That part of the groin 
from the bending of ihe thigh to the scrotum ; and 
therefore all tumours in that part are called buboes. 
Wiseman. >- 

BUBONOCELE, bu-b&n'-6-sele. [See Hydro- 
cele.] n. s. A kind of rupture, when the intestines 
break down into the groin. Sharp. 
BU'BUKLE, bu'-b&k-kl. n.s. A red pimple. Shak. 
BUCANFERS, bfik-a-neerz'. n. s. A cant word for 
the privateers, or pirates, of A merica. Bp. Berkeley. 
BUCCELLATION, bfik-sel-la'-shfin. n.s. [buccella, 

Lat.] A dividing into large pieces. Harris. 
BUCK §, bfik. n. s. [bauche, Germ.] The liquor in 
which clothes are washed. Shak. The clothes 
washed in the liquor. Shakspeare. 
BUCK*, bfik. n. s. A cant word for a bold, ostenta- 
tious, or forward person. T. Warton.. 
BUCK §, bfik. n. s. [bucca. Sax.] The male of the 
fallow deer, and of rabbits, and other animals. 
Pcacham. 
To BUCK, bfik. v. a. To wash clothes. Shakspeare. 
To BUCK, bfik. v. n. To copulate as bucks and does. 

Mortimer. 
BU'CKBASKET, bfik'-bas-kft. ?i.s. The basket in 
which clothes are carried to the wash. Shakspeare. 
BU'CKBEAN, bfik'-bene. n.s. A sort of trefoil. 

Fi'oyer. 
BU'CKET ssbfiV-kit. 99. n.s. [buc, SaxJ The vessel 
in which water is drawn, or carried. Shak. Dryd. 
BU'CKINGSTOOL^bfik'-lng-stfiol. n.s. A wash- 
ing block. Gayttm. 
BU/CKLE§, bfik'-kl. 405. n.s. [bu-ccl, Welsh.] A 
link of metal, with a tongue or catch made «o fasten 
one thing to another. Snak. The state of the hair 
crisped and curled, by being kept long in the same 
state. Spectator. 
To BU'CKLE, bfik'-kl. «. a. To fasten with a buckle. 
Shak. To prepare to do any thing. Spimser. To 
join in battle. Hayv:ard. To confine. Shakspeare. 
l s o BU'CKLE. bfik'-kl. v.n. To bend; to bow. 
Shak.— To buckle to. To apply to. Dryden.. To 
buckle icith. To engage with. Shakspeare. 
BU'CKLER§, bfik'-lfir. n.s. [bivcckd, Welsh.] A 

shield. Dryilen.. 
To BUCKLER, bfik'-lfir. v. a. To defend. Shak. 
BU'CKLER-THORN,bfik'-lfir-*/t6rn. n.s. Christ's- 

thorn. 
BU'CKMAST, bfik'-mast. n.s. The fruit or mast of 

(he beech tree. 
BU'CKRAM§, bflk'-rfim. n.s. [bougram, Fr.] A 
sort of linen .Moth, stiffened with gum. Shakspeare. 
BU'CKRAM*. bfik'-rftm. a. Stiff fprecise. Fnlke. 
BU'CKRAMS, bfik'-rfimz. n. s. Wild garlick. 
BU'CKSHORN PLANTAIN, bfiks'-horn-plan'-tm. 

n. s. A plant. Miller. 
BU'CKSKIN* bfik'-skin. a. Made of the skin of a 

buck. Taller. 
BU'CKSTALL*, bfik'-stawl. n.s. A net to catch 

deer. Huloet. 
BLACKTHORN, b&k'-tfidrn. n. s. A tree that bears 
a purging ben--. 
iT/rtarwtirp.AT 



BU'CKWHEAT, bfik'-hwete. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

BUCO / LICAL§*,bi-k6lMk-aI. a. [Povko\o S .] Pas- 
toral. Skelton. 

BUCO'LICK, bfi-k6l / -?k. a. Pastoral. Warton. 

BUCO'LICK*, bu-koK-ik. n.s. A writer of bnrolicks 
or pastorals. Warton. A bucolickpoem. Warton. 

§£f From the tenflency we have to remove the accent to 
the beginning of such Latin words as we Anglicise by 
dropping the last syllable, we sometimes hear this word 
improperly accented on the first syllable. — See Acade- 
mt. The authorities for the accent on the second syl- 
lable are, Mr. Slieridan, Dr. Johnson, W. Johnston, Mr. 
Perry, Dr. Kenrick, Bailey, Dr. Ash, and Entick ; Bu- 
chanan stands alone for the accent on the first. W. 

BUD$, bud. n. s. [hout.on, Fr.] The first shoot of a 

plant. Shakspeare. 
To BUD, bftd. v.n. To put forth young shoot3. 
158 



BUI 



BUL 



— no, move, nAr, not ;— lube, l6b, bull ;— oil 5— pound ;— thin, thjs. 



Ecclus. xxxix. To rise as a g-rm from the stalk. 
Clarendon. To be in the bloom. Shakspeare. 
To BUD, bud. P. a. To inoculate. Temple. 
BU'DDLE*, bud'dl.n.f. A sort of frame made to re- 
ceive the ore aAer its first separation from its 
grossest foulness. Chambers. 
To BUDGE}, bftdje. v.n. [bouger, Fr.] To stir. 

S'uiksptare. 
BUDGE, bfojje. a. StilTor surly. MUton. 
BUDG E,b6dje. n.s. The dressed skin or fur of lambs. 

Btjrsttm. 
IM DGENESS*, bftdje'-nes. n. s. Sternness ; se- 

veriiv. Statu/ hurst. 
BU DGER. bad'-jur. ns. One that moves from his 

place. S.'ia'.speare. 
BUDGET, bfid'-jet. n.s. [bogeUe, Fr.] A bag. 
Spenser. A store, or slock. L' Estrange. The state- 
ment made in the House of Commons, of the 
finances of die kingdom. 
BU 'DGY*. bad'-je. a. Consisting of fur. Thule, or 

Virtue's Hislorie. 
BUFF, buf. n. s. A buffalo. A sort of leather prepared 
from the skin of the buffalo. Dryden. A military 
coat made of thicK leather. Shak. The colour of 
the leather, of a very light yellow. The sizy, vis- 
cid, tough mass, which forms on the upper surface 
of (he blood. Chambers. 
To BUFFo. buf. v. a. [buffe, Fr.J To strike. B. Jon- 
son. Ob. J. 
BUFFALO, bftf-fa-16. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of wild 

ox. Dryden. 
EU FFET. buf -fit. 99. n.s. [buffet, Fr.] A blow with 

the fist. Wicliffe. Slialcspeare. 
BUFFE'T, b&fcHV. n. s. [buffeite, Fr.] A kind of 

cupboard. Pope. 
To BU'FFET, buf -fit. 99. r. a. To strike with the 
hand. Sha'cspeare. The mournful or funeral peal 
of bells . The AH of Kinging. 
To BU'FFET, buf-fit. v. n. To play a boxing-match. 

S'lakspeare. 
BU T/ FFETER. buf -fit-tor. n. s. A boxer. Shencocd. 
BU'FFETING*.n.s.bui 7 -fit-lng. Stroke. Warburton. 
EU'FFLE. b&f-fl. 405. n.s. The same with buffalo. 

Sir T. Herbert. 
To BU'FFLE, bfif-fl. v.n. To puzzle: to be at a 

loSS. Sirift. 

BU FFLErlEADED, buf -fl-hed-ed. a. A man with a 
lar;re head, like a buffalo 5 dull; stupid. Gayton. 

BUFFOONS, buf-f66n'. n. s. [buffon, Fr.] A man 
who makes sport by low jests and antick postures, j 
Daries. He that practises indecent raillery. Garth. 

To BUFFO'ON*, buf-fSon'. v. a. To make ridicu- 
lous. Glanvi/le. 

BUFFO'ONERY.buf-foon'-ur-re. n.s. The practice 
of a buffoon. Locke. Low jests. Dryden. 

BUFFOONING*, buf-fdon'-ing. n. s. Buffoonery. 
Dn/den. 

BUFFO'ONISM* tuf-f6on'-?zm. n.s. Jesting. Min- 
sheu. 

To BUFFO'ONTZE^buf-foOn'-lze. v.n. To play the 
fool, jester, or buffoon. Minslieu. 

BUFFO'ON LIKE* buf-fo6n'-llke. a. Resembling a 
buffoon. Slierwood. 

BUFFOONLY*, bfif-f66n'-le. a. Scurrile; ridicu- 
lous. Goodman. 

BUG 6, bug. n. s. A stinking insect bred in old house- 
hold stuff. Ray. 

BUG $, bug. ) n.s. A frightful object ; a 

BU'GiJEAR, bfig'-bare. ) walking spectre. Spen- 
ser. Locke. 

BU'GGINESS, bfig'-ge-nes. n. s. The state of being 
infected with bugs. 

BU'GGY, bug'-ge. 383. a. Abounding with bugs. 

BUG I ,E, bu'-gl. 405. ) n. s. >utfen, Sax.] 

BU'GLEHORN^u'-gl-hfim'. \ A hunting horn. 
Spenser. Tirkell. 

BU'GLE, bu'-gl. n. s. A shining bead of black glass. 
Shaksneare. 

"U'GLE, bu'-gl. n.s.[bugula, Lat.] A plant. Miller. 

BU'GLOSS, btV-glos. n. s. [buglossum, Lat.] The 
herb ox-tongue. 

To BUILDS, bild. 341. v. a preter. I built, I have 



built ; [bylban, Sax.] To make a fabrick, ot edi 
fice. 1 Chron. To raise in any laboured form 
S)Kctator. To raise any thing on a support or 
foundation. Spenser. 
To BUILD, bild. v. n. To play the architect. Pope. 

To depend on. Hooker. 
BUI LDER, bild'-6r. 93. n. s. An architect. Sidney 
BUILDING, blld'-lng. 410. n. s. A fabrick; an edi 

fice. Shakspeare. 
BUILT, bilt. n. s. The form; the structure. Dryden 

Species of building. Temple. 
BUL*, bfil. n. s. The common flounder. Chambers. 
BULBS, bulb. n. s. [bulbus, Lat.] A round body or 

root. Evelyn. 
To BULB out*, v. a. To project. 
BULBA'CEOUS bul-ba'-shfis. a. [Lat.] Bulbous 

Diet. 
BU'LBED*, bul'-bed. a. Round-headed. Cotgrave. 
BU T/ LBOUS,b5l'-bus. 314. a. Containing bulbs. Bac. 
BULGE*, bulje. n.s. A leak, the breach which lets in 

water. See To Bilge. 
To BULGE, bulje. v. n. To take in water ; to foun- 
der. Dryden. To jut out. Moxon. 
BU'LIMY, bu'-le-me. n. s. [povXifiia.] An enormous 
appetite, attended with fainting, and coldness of 
the extremities. Diet. 
BULK?, bulk. n. s. [bulcke, Dutch.] Magnitude. 
Bacon. Size; quantity. Soullt. The gross; the 
majority. Addison. Main fabrick. Shak. The 
main part of a ship's cargo. 
BULK, bulk. n. s. A part of a building jutting out. 

Shakspeare. 
BU'LKHEAD, bulk-hed'. n. s. A partition made 

across a ship. Harris. 
BU LKINESS, bul'-ke-nes. 11. s. Greatness of size. 

Locke. 
BU'LKY, bfil'-ke. a. Of great size. Dryden. 
BULLS, bill. 1*13. n. s. [bulle, Dutch.] The male of 
black cattle. Shak. In the scriptural sense, an ene- 
my. Psalm, xxii. One of the twelve signs of the zo 
diack. Thomson. A letter published by popes and 
emperours. Ayliffe. A blunder; a contradiction. 
Mikon. A stock-jobber. 
BULL, in composition, generally notes the large 
size of any thing, as, bull-Iiead, bull-rush, bull-trout ; 
and is therefore only an augmentative syllable, 
without much reference to its original signification 
BULL-BAITING, bul'-ba-tfng. n. s. The sport of 

baiting bulls with dogs. Addison. 
BULL-BEEF,bul'-beef. n. s. Coarse beef. Shak. 
BULL-BEGGAR, bul'-beg-ur. n. s. Something ter- 
rible; something to fright children with. Sir T. 
Smith. 
BULL-CALF, bul'-kaf. n. s. A he-calf. Shaksj:eare. 
BULL-DOG, bul'-dog. n. s. A dog of a particular 
form, remarkable for his courage, used in baiting 
the bull. Addison. 
BULL-FACED*, bul'-faste. a. Having a large face. 

Dryden. 
BULL-FINCH, bul'-finsh. n.s. A small bird, that 
has neither song nor whistle of its own, yet is very 
apt to learn. Thomson. 

BULL-HEAD, bul'-hed. n.s. A stupid fellow. The 
name of a fish ; the miller's thumb. Walton. A 
little black water vermin. Philips. 

BULL-TROUT, bul'-trout. n. s. A large kind of 
irout. Walton. 

BULL-WEED, bul'-weed. n. s. Knapwoed. 

BULL-WORT, bul'-wurt. ) „ „ A . „, 

BISHOPS-WEED, bish'-fips-weed. \ n - s - A P Iant - 

BU'LLACE, bul'-lls. 98. 11. s. A wild sour plum. 
Bacon. 

BU'LLARY*. bul'-a-re. n. s. [bullarium, Lat.] A 
collection of papistical b-dls. South. 

BU'LLET, bul'-llt. 99. n. s. [boulet, Fr.] A round 
ball of metal, shot out of guns. Svenser. 

BULLETIN*, bul'-e-dn. n.s. [Fr.] An official ac- 
count of publick news. 

BU'LLION, bul'-yfin. 113.». s. [billon, Fr.] Gold 0* 
silver in the lump. Bacon. 
159 





BUN BUR 


U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



To BU'LLIRAG*, bul'-le-rag. v. a. [See To Bal- 

larag.] To insult in a bullying manner. 
BU'LLISH*, bul'-lish. a. Partaking of the nature 

of a bull or blunder. Milton. 
BU'LLIST*, bul'-l?st. n.s. [bulliste, Fr.] A writer of 

papal bulls. Hannar. 
BUL1 I'TJON, bdl-lish'-un. 177. n.s. [bullio, Lat.] 

The act or slate of boiling. Bacon. 
BULLOCK, bul'-luk. 166. n. s. [bulluca, Sax.] A 

young^ bull gelt, or ox. Sliakspeare. 
BU'LLY§, bul'-le. n. s. A noisy, blustering, quarrel- 
ling fellow. Sludcspeare. 
To BU'LLY, bul'-le. v. a. To overbear with noise or 

menaces. King. 
To BU'LLY, bul'-le. v. n. To be noisy. Bramston. 
BU'LRUSH, bul'-rush. n. s. A large rush without 

knots. Spenser. 
BU'LRUSHY*, bul'-rush-e. a. Made of bulrushes. 

Huloet. 
BU'LTEL*. n. s. [bulletins, low Lat.] The bran 

of meal after dressing. Clwmbers. A bolter-cloth. 
BU'LWARK $, bul'-wurk. n. s. [holwercke, Dutch.] 

What is now called a bastion. Spenser. A fortifi- 
cation. Hayward. A security. Sliakspeare. 
To BU'LWARK, bul'-wurk. v. a. To fortify with 

bulwarks. Addison. 
BUM.§, bum. n. s. [bomme, Dutch.] The buttocks. 

Shakspeare. 
To BUM*, bu*i. v. n. To make a noise or report. 

Marston. 
BUMBA'ILIFF, b&m-ba'-llf. n. s. [a corruption of 

bound bailiff".] A bailiff employed in arrests. Shak. 
BU'MBARD, bum'-bard. n. s. [for bombard.] A 

great gun; a black jack; a leathern pitcher. 

Sliakspeare. 
BU'MBAST, b&m'-bast. n. s. See Bombast. 
BU'MBLEBEE*, bum'-bl-bee. n. s. The wild bee, or 

humble bee. 
BUMBOAT*, biW-b6te. n.s. A large, clumsy boat, 

used in carrying vegetables and liquors. 
BUMP, bump. n. s. [boinps, Goth.] A swelling ; a 

protuberance. Shakspeare. 
To BUMP, b&mp. v. n. [bommen, Dutch.] To make 

a loud noise, or bomb. Dry den. 
BUMP*, b&mp. n. s. The mugient noise made by the 

bittern. Skellon. 
BU'MPER, bum'-p&r. 98. n. s. A cup filled till the 

liquor swells over the brim. Dryden. 
BU'MPKIN, bump'-kin. n. s. An awkward, heavy 

rustick. Dryden. 
BU'MPKINLY, b&mp'-kln-le. a. Clownish. Clarissa. 
BUNCH $, bfinsh. 352. n. s. [buncker, Danish.] A hard 

lump. Isaiah. A cluster. Sliak. A number of 

things tied together. Spenser. Any thing bound 

into a knot. Spenser. 
To BUNCH, b&nsh. v n. To swell out in a bunch. 

Woodward. 
BU'NCHBACKED, b&nsh'-bakt. a. Crookbacked. 

Shakspeare. 
BU'NCHINESS, bunsh'-e-nes. n. s. Growing in 

bunches. Sherwood. 
BU'NCHY, b&n'-she, a. Growing in bunches. Grew. 
BU'NDLE§, bun'-dl. 405. n. s. [byn&le.J A number 

of things bound together. Hale. A roll. Spectator. 
To BUNDLE, b&n'-dl. v. a. To .tie in a bundle. 

Locke. 
BUNG §, bung, n. s. [bwng, Welsh.] A stopple for a 

barrel. Mortimer. 
To BUNG, bung. v. a. To stop. Kersey. 
BU'NGHOLE , bun°r'-hdle. n. s. The hole at which the 

barrel is filled, and which is afterwards stopped up. 

Sliakspeare. 
ToBU'NGLES, bung'-gl. 405. v. n. To perform 

clumsily. Dryden. 
To BUN'GLE, bung'-gl. v.a. To botch. Sliakspeare. 
BU'NGLE, b&ng'-gl. n. s. A botch. Ray. 
BU'NGLER, bungj-gl&r. n. s. [bwngler, Welsh.] A 

bad workman. Peacham. 
BU'NGLINGLY, b&ng'-gllng-le.arf. Clumsily. Bent- 
ley. 
BUNN, bun. n. s. [bunna, Irish.] A kind of sweet 

bread. Gay. 



BUNT, bunt. n. s. A swelling part. Carew. The 
middle part of a sail, formed into a bag, that it may 
receive the more wind. Harris. 

To BUNT, bunt. v. n. To swell out. 

BU'NTER, bun'-tfir. 98. n.s. A low, vulgar woman. 
Goldsmith. 

BU'NTING, bun'-ting. n. s. The name of & bird. 
Sliakspeare. 

BU'NTING, bun'-tlng. n. s. The stuff of which a 
ship's colours are made. 

BUO¥§, bode. 346. n.s. [bouee, Fr.] A piece of cork 
or wood floating on the water, tied to a weight at 
the bottom. Sliakspeare. 

To BUOY, bode. v. a. To keep afloat ; to bear up. 
K. Charles. 

To BUOY, bode. v. n. To float. Pope. 

BUO'YANCY, bode'-an-se. n. «. The quality of float- 
ing. Derham. 

BUO'YANT, bdde'-ant. a. Floating; light. Dry- 
den. 

BUR, BOUR, BOR, [bup,Sax.] An inner chamber. 
Gibson's Camden. 

BUR, b&r. n. s. A rough head of a plant, called a 
burdock. Sluikspeare. 

BU'RBOT, bur'-b&t. 166. n. s. A fish called the eei 
pout. Chambers. 

BU'RDELAIS, bur-de-la', n. s. [Bour delate.] A sort 
ofgrape. 

BU'RDEN §, b&r'-dn. 103. n. s. [bypSen, Sax.] A 
load. Sliak. Something grievous. Milton. A 
birth. Shak. The verse repeated in a song; the 
bob; the chorus. Dryden. The quantity that a 
ship will carry. A club. Spenser. 

To BU'RDEN, bur'-dn. v. a. To load. Ecclus. 

BU'RDENER, bur'-dn-ur. 98. n. s. A loader. 

BUTtDENOUS, b&r'-dn-us. a. Grievous. Sidney. 
Useless ; cumbersome. Milton. 

BU'RDENSOME, bur'-dn-sum. a. Troublesome to 
be borne. Milton. 

BURDENSOMENESS, bdr'-dn-sum-nes. n. s. 
Weight; heaviness. 

BU'RDOCK, bfir'-dok. n. 5. A plant. 

BUREAU, bu-rd'. n. s. [Fr.] A chest of drawers 
with a writing board. Swift. 

BURG, burg. n. s. See Burgh, and Burrow. 

BURGAGE, bur'-gadje. 90. n. s. [bourgage, Fr.] A 
tenure proper to cities and towns, whereby men 
hold their lands or tenements of the king, or other 
lord, for a certain yearly rent. Hale. 

BU'RGAMOT, bur-ga-mot'. n. s. [bergamotie, Fr.] 
A species of pear. A kind of perfume. 

BU'RGANET, or BU'RGONET, bfir'-gd-net. n. s 
[bourginote, Fr.] A kind of helmet. Spenser. 

BU'RGEOIS, bddr'-zhwa. or bur-jdfs'. n. s. 
[bourgeois, Fr.] A citizen ; a burgess. Addison. A 
type of a particular sort, probably so called irorn 
him who first used it. 

To BU'RGEON*. See To Bourgeon. 

BU'RGEON*, bur'-j&n. n. s. [In gardening.] A knot 
or button put forth by the branch of a tree in the 
spring. Chambers. 

BU'RGESS, bur'-jgs. n. s. [bourgeois, Fr.] A citi- 
zen; a freeman of a city or corporate town. Beau- 
mont and F/etclier. A ' representative of a town 
corporate. Wotton. 

BU'RGESS-SHIP*, bur'-jes-sh?p. n. s. The state 
and quality of a burgess. South. 

BURGH §, burg. 392. n.s. [bup£, Sax.] A corporate 
town or borough. Graunt. 

BU'RGHER, bfirg'-ur. n. s. [from burgh.] One 
who has a rigK to certain privileges in a place. 

BU'RGHERSHIP, bfir'-gur-ship. n. s. The privi- 
lege of a burgher. 

BU'RGLAR. burg'-l&r. n. s. One guilty of the crime 
of housebreaking. Ld. Northampton. 

BURGLA'RIOUS*, bur-gla'-re-fis. a. Relating to 
housebreaking. Ash. 

BU'RGLARY?, bur'-gla-re.ra.s. [from burg, a house, 
and larron, a thief] The robbing of a house. 
Cowel. 

BU'RGMASTER. See Burgomaster. 
160 



* 



BUR 



BUS 



— n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6fl ; — pound ; — tlim, Tuis. 



EtGMOTE*, burg'-m6te. n. s. A borough court. 
"Burke. 

BU UGOMASTER. biV-g6-ma-stnr. n. s. One em- 
ployed in the government of a city. Addison. 

ElGRAVE*, lnV-grave. n. s. (bourg, and grave, 
Germ, a count.] A:i hereditary govcrnour of a 
eastle or town. Bcde. 
BU RGUNDY*, biV-gim-de. n. s. Wine made in 

Burgundy. Thomson. 
BURH. bur, is a tower; and from that, a defence or 

protection. Gibson. 
BU RIAL. beV-re-al. 178. n. s. The act of burying. 
Slui/c. The act of placing- any tiling under earth 
or water. Bacon. The church service for fune- 
rals. Atjliffe. 
BURIAL-PLACE*, biV-re-al-plase. n.s. A place 

set apart for burial. Warton. 
BU R1ER. beV-re-tir. n. s. He that buries. Ezek. 

xxxix. 
BU R1XE. bu'-rln. n. s. A graving tool. Govern- 
ment of the Tongue. 
To BURL §, burl. v. a. To dress cloth as fullers do. 
BU'RLER* biV-l&r. n. s. A dresser of cloth. Dyer. 
BU RLACE, biir'-lase. n.s. A sort of grape. 
BURLESQUE^, bflr-lesk'. 415. a. [burlesque, Fr.] 

Jocular ; tending to raise laughter. Addison. 
BURLE'SQUE, bur-lfisk/. n.s. Ludicrous language, 

oi- ideas. Wallis. 
To BURLE'SQUE, bur-lesk'. v. a. To turn to ridi- 
cule. Glanville. 
BURLE'SQUER*. bur-lSsk'-fir. n. s. He who turns 

a circumstance into ridicule. 
BURLE'TTA*, bur-let'-ta. n. s. [from burlarc, 

Ital. to jest.] A musical farce. 
BURLINESS, bfir'-le-ngs. n. s. Bulk; bluster 

Drayton. 
BU RLY &, bfir'-le.a. [from boorlike, clownish.] Great 
of stature; bulky; tumid. Sha/c. Replete; full. 
Drayton. Boisterous ; loud, [borlen, Teut. to make 
a noise.] Beaumont. 
7i> BURM, burn. v. a. preterit and participle, 
burned, or burnt, [bepnan, bvnnan, Sax.] To con- 
sume with fire. Joshua, vi. To wound with fire. 
Exodus, xxi. To exert the qualities of heat, by 
drving or scorching. Dnjden. 
To BURN, burn. v. n. To be on fire. Joel, ii. To 
shino. Shak. To be inflamed with passion. Shale. 
To act with destructive violence of passion. Psalm 
Lxxxix. To be in a state of destructive commotion. 
Pope. It is used particularly of love. Addison. 
BURN. burn. n. s. A hurt caused by fire. Boyle. 
3V RNABLE*, burn'-a-bl. a. That which may be 

burnt up; adustible. Cotgrace. 
RU'RNER, InV-nur. n. s. A person that burns any 

thing. Brevint. 
BU'RNET, biV-nh. 99. n.s. A plant. Shakspeare. 
BU RNING, bur'-iiing. 410. n.s. Fire; flame; state 
of inflammation. South. The thing to be burned. 
Jtrem. xxxiv. The act of burning. More. 
BU'RNING, bur'-ning. a. Vehement ; powerful. 

?peare. 
BU RNING-GLASS, bur'-nfng-glas. n. s. A glass 
which collects the rays of the sun into a narrow 
compass, and increases their force. Shakspeare. 
^oBU'RNTSHsS biV-nlsh. v. a. [burnir, Fr.] To 

polish ; to e'ive a gloss to. Shakspeare. 
To BURNISH, biV-nfsh. v. n. To grow bright. 

Swift. 
To BURNISH, bur'-nlsh. v. n. To grow; to spread 

out. Dn/den. 
BU RNISH* biV-n?sh. n.s. A gloss. Crashaic. 
BU RNISHER, bfir'-nlsh-ur. n.s. He that burnishes. 
The tool with which bookbinders give a gloss to the 
leaves of books. 
BURNT, burnt, part. pass, of burn. King. 
BURR*, bur. n. s. The sweetbread. 
BURR, bur. v. s. The lobe or lap of the ear. Diet. 
BU'RREL, bur'-rll. 99. n. s. A sort of pear. Phil- 
lips. 
BU RREL Fly, bur'-ril-fil The oxflv, gadbee, or 

brcese. Diet. 
BU'RREL Shot. A sort ofcaseshot. Harris. 
21 



BU'RROCK, bur'-rfik. 7i.s. A small wear or dam. 

Phillips. 
BU'RROW $, BERG $, BURG $, BURGH $, n. s. A 

corporate town. Cowel. The holes made in the 

ground by conies. Shak. The improper word for 

barrow, a mount. Sir T. Brown. 
To BURROW, b&r'-ro. v. n. To make holes in the 

ground. Mortimer. 
BU'RSAR§, bur'-sur. 88. n. s. [bursarius, Lat.] The 

treasurer of a college. Potter. Exhibitioners in the 

universities of Scotland. 
BU'RSARSHIP*, biV-s&r-slnp. n. s. The office of 

bursar. Hales. 
BU'RSARY*, bur'-sa-re. n.s. The treasury of a col- 
lege. In Scotland, an exhibition. 
BURSE, burse, n. s. [bourse, Fr.] An exchange 

where merchants meet, and shops are kept. Phil- 
lips. 
To BURSTS, burst, r. n. I burst; 1 have burst, or 

bursten. [bunpean, Sax.] To break, or fly open. 

Prov. iii. To fly asunder. Sluik. To break away. 

Pope. To come suddenly, or with violence. Shale. 

To begin an action violently or suddenly. Milton. 
To BURST, burst, v. a. To break suddenly. Shak. 
BURST, burst, n. s. A sudden disruption. Shak. 
BURST, burst. ) pari. a. Diseased 

BURSTEN, biV-stn. 405, 472 3 with a rupture. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
BU'RSTENNESS*, bur'-stn-nes. n.s. A rupture. 

Shencood. 
BU'RSTER*, bfir'-stiir. n. s. A breaker or beater in 

pieces. Cotgrave. 
BU'RSTWORT, bfirst'-wfirt. n.s. An herb good 

against ruptures. Diet. 
BURT, hurt. n. s. A fish of the turbot kind. 
BU'RTHEN, bur'-THn. 468. n s ) See Burden 
To BURTHEN, bur'-THn. v. a. S Draijton. 
BU'RTON, bur'-tn. n. s. In a ship, a small tackle, 

consisting of two single pulleys. Phillips. 
BU'RY, beV-re. n. s. [bup£, Sax.] A dwelling- 
place ; a termination still added to the names of 
several places. Phillips. 
BU'RY, beV-re. n.s. [corrupted from borough.] 

Grew. 
BU'RY Pear*, [beuree, Fr.] The name of a very 
tender and delicate pear. Cotgrave. 



To BU'RY §, beV-re. 178. v. a. [bip*an, Sax.] To in- 
ter; to put into a grave. Shak. To inter, with the 
rites of sepulture. Shak. To conceal ; to hide. 



Shak. To place one thing within another. Shak. 
BURYING*, ber'-re-mg. n.s. Burial. St. John, xii. 
BU'RYING-PLACE^eV-re-ing-plase. n.s. A place 

appointed for sepulture. Judges, xvi. 
BUSH §, bush. 173. n. s. [busch, teut.] A thick shrub. 
Sjienser. A bough of a tree fixed up at a door, to 
show that liquors are sold there. Sliak. The tail 
of a fox. Coles. 
To BUSH, bush. v. n. To grow thick. Milton. 
BUSHEL, bush'-ll. 173. n.s. [buschel, old Fr.T A 
measure containing eight gallons. Shak. A large 
quantity. Dnjden. Bushels, or rather bushes, of a 
cart-wheel. Irons within the hole of the nave, to 
preserve it from wearing. Diet. 
BU'SHELAGE* bush'-Mje. n. s. Duty payable on 

every bushel of measurable commodities. 
BU'SHET* bfish'-h. n. s. A wood. See Busket. 
BU'SHINESS, bush'-e-nes. n.s. The quality of being 

bushy. 
BU'SHMENT, bush'-ment. n. s. A thicket. Raleigh. 
BU'SHY, bush'-e. a. Thick. Spenser. Thick like a 

bush. Addison. Full of bushes. Dnjden. 
BU'SILESS, biz'-zWfe. 178. a. At leisure. Shak. 
BU'SILY, blz'-ze-le. ad. AVith an air of hurry. Curi- 
ously; importunately. Dryden. Earnestly. 
BUSINESS, blz ; -nfis. 178. n.s. Employment. Donne. 
An affair. Shak. The subject of business. Dry- 
den. Serious engagement. Addison. Right of 
action. L' 'Estrange. A point; a matter of ques- 
tion. Bacon. Something to be transacted. Judges, 
xviii. Something required to be done. Berkley. 
— To do one's busi?iess. To kill, or ruin him. 
BUSK, busk. n. s. [busqve, Fr.] A piece of steel or 
161 



BUT 



BUY 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



whalebone, worn by women to strengthen their 

stays. Donne. 
BUSK$*, busk, n. s. [busk, Dan.] A bush. Davison. 
To BUSK, busk. v. a. To make ready. Fairfax. 
BU'SKET*, bfis'-kft. n. s. A sprig or small bush. 

Spenser. A small compartment of gardens, formed 

of trees, shrubs, and tall flowering plants, set in 

quarters. Miller. 
BU'SK1N§, bfts'-km. n.s. [broseken, Dutch.] A kind 

of half boot. Sidney. A high shoe worn by the an- 
cient actors of tragedy. Dryden. 
BU'SKINED, bus'-kmd. 359. a. Dressed in buskins. 

Milton. Relating to tragedy. Drayton. 
BU'SKY, biV-ke. a. Woody j shaded with woods. 

Shakspeare. 
BUSSS, bus. n.s. [basium, Lat.] A kiss. Pope. A 

boat for fishing, [basse, German.] Temple. 
To BUSS, bus. v. a. To kiss. Shakspeare. 
BUST, bust. n.s. [busto, Ital.] A statue representing 

a man to his breast. Addison. 
BUSTARD. bus'-tftrd. 83. n. s. [bistarde. Fr.] A 

wild turkey. Hakewill. 
To BU'STLES, bus'-sl. 472. v.n. To be busy. Shak. 
BU'STLE, biV-sl. n. s. A tumult ; hurry. Milton. 
BU'STLER, bfis'-lur. 98. n. s. An active, stirring 

man. Cowper. 



BU'STO*. bfis'-to. h. s. [Ital.] A statue. Ashmole. 
BU'SY$, blz'-ze. 178. a. [by]-i, by r i#, Sax.] Em- 
ployed with earnestness. Shakspeare. Bustling. 



Shakspeare. Troublesome. Knolles 
To BU'SY, blz'-ze. v. a. To employ. Spenser. 
BUSYBODY, bfz'-ze-b&d-de. n. s. A meddling per- 
son. Bp. Taylor. 
BUT§, but. conjunct, [bute, Sax.] Except. . Bacon. 
Except that. Shak. Yet ; nevertheless. Bacon. 
Now. Bp. Bramhall. Than. Guardian. Without 
this consequence that. Dryden. Otherwise than 
that. Hooker: If it were not. SJiak. However ; 
howbeit. Dryden. That. Dryden. A particle by 
which the meaning of the foregoing sentence is 
bounded or restrained ; only. Dryden. A particle 
of objection. Sliak. A particle of addition. Un- 
less. ' Spenser. — But for ; had not this been. Wal- 
ler. But if; unless. Obsolete. Spenser. 
BUT*, but. prep, [butan, Sax.] Without ; except. 

Smith. 
BUT*, but. ad. No more than. Shakspeare. 
BUT*, but. interf. An exclamation of surprise. Adam 

Smith. 
BUT §, but. n. s. [but, Celt.] A boundary. Holder 
BUT, but. n. s. The end of any plank which joins to 

another on the outside of a ship. Harris. 
To BUT*, but. v. a. [buter, old Fr.] To touch at the 
one end. Cotgrave. To utter an exception. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
BUT-END, but'-end'. n. s. The blunt end of any 

thing. Clarendon. 
BUTCHERS, but'-tshur. 175. n. s. [boucher, Fr.] 
One that kills animals to sell their flesh. Sidney. 
One delighted with blood. Locke. 
To BUTCHER, but'-tshur. v. a. To kill ; to mur- 
der. Shakspeare. 
BUTCHER-BIRD, b&t'-tshur-burd. n.s. The Eng- 
lish name of the bird lanius. Chambers. 
BUTCHER-ROW*, but'-tshur-ro. n. s. The row of 

shambles. Whitlock. 
BUTCHERS-BROOM, but'-tshurz-broSm. n.s. 

Kneeholly. Miller. 
BUTCHE'RLINESS, but'-tshur-le-nes. n.s. A bru- 
tal manner. 
BUTCHERLY, but'-tshur-le. a. Cruel; bloody. 

Ascham. 
BUTCHERY, but'-tshur-re. n. s. The trade of a 
butcher. Pope. Murder. Shakspeare. The place 
where animals are killed. Shakspeare. 
BUTLERS, but'-lur. 98. n.s. [bouteiller, Fr.] A 

servant employed in furnishing the table. Swift. 
BUTLERAGE, b&t'-lur-aje. n.s. The duty upon 
wine imported, claimed by the king's butler. Ba- 
con. 
BUTLERSHD?, bfitMar-shlp. n.s. The office of a 
butler. Genesis, xl. 



BUTMENT, bfit'-ment. n. s. [aboutement, Fr.] That 
part of the arch which joins it to the upright pier. 
Wotton. 

BUTSHAFT, but'-shaft. n. s. An arrow. Shak. 

BUTTS, but. n.s. [but, Fr.] The place on which the 
mark to be shot at is placed. Dryden. The point 
at which the endeavour is directed. Shak. The 
object of aim. Clarendon. A man upon whom the 
company break their jests. Spectator. A blow giv- 
en by a horned animal. A stroke given in fencing-. 
Prior. 

BUTTS, but. n.s. [butfc, Sax.] A vessel ; a large 
barrel. Shakspeare. 

To BUTT, but. v. a. To strike with the head, as 
horned animals. Shakspeare. 

BETTERS, but'-tur. 98. n.s. [butfcepe, Sax.] An 
unctuous substance made by agitating the cream of 
milk till the oil separates from the whey. Genesis, 
xviii. 

To BUTTER, butMur. v. a. To smear with butter. 
Sliakspeare. To increase the stakes every game. 
Addison. 

BUTTERBUMP, bfit'-tur-bump. n. s. The bittern. 

BUTTERBUR, but'-tur-bur. n. s. A plant used in 
medicine. Miller. 

BUTTERFLOWER, but'-tur-flou'-ur. n. s. A yel- 
low flower, with which the fields abound in the 
month of May. Gay. 

BUTTERFLY, but'-tur-fll. n.s. [bufcfcejij!le$e, 
Sax.] An insect which first appears in the begin- 
ning of the season for butter. Spenser. 

BUTTER1S, but'-tur-rk n.s. An instrument of 
steel, used in paring the foot of a horse. Far. Diet. 

BUTTERMILK, b&t'-tur-mllk. n.s. The whey that 
is separated from the cream when butter is made. 
Harvey. 

BUTTERPRINT, but'-tur-prlnt. n.s. A piece of 
carved wood, used to mark butter. Locke. 

BUTTERTOOTH^ut'-t&r-tSto. n.s. The great 
broad fore-teeth. 

BUTTERWIFE*, but'-lur- wife. n.s. A woman that 
prepares or sells butter. Ld. Herbert. 

BUTTERWOMAN, but'-tfir-wum-ftn. n. s. A wo- 
man that sells butter. Shakspeare. 

BUTTERWORT, bnt'-tur-w&rt. n. s. A plant : the 
sanicle. 

BUTTERY, b&t'-tur-re. a. Having the appearance 
of butter. Harvey. 

BUTTERY, b&t'-tur-re, n. s. The room where pro- 
visions are laid up. Shakspeare. 

BUTTOCK, bSt'-luk. 166. n.s. The rump. Shak. 

BUTTONS, but'-tn. 103, 170. n. s. [bottwn, Welsh.] 
A catch or small ball, by which dress is fastened! 
Sliakspeare. Any knob or ball. Pope. The bud 
of a plant. Shakspeare. 

BUTTON, but'-tn. n.s. The sea urchin. Ainsworth. 
To BUTTON, but'-tn. 405. v. a. To dress; to clothe. 
Wotton. To fasten with buttons. 

BUTTONHOLE, but'-tn-h6le. n.s. The loop in 
which the button of the clothes is caught. Shak. 

BUTTONMAKER*, b&t'-tn-ma-kur. n. s. He who 
makes buttons. Maundrell. 

BUTTRESS S, b&t'-trk 99. n.s. [aboutir,¥c.-\ A 
wall built to support another wall, and standing 
out. Bacon,. A prop ; a support. South. 
To BUTTRESS ,'but'-trls. v.a. To prop. 

BUT WINK, but'-wfnk. n.s. The name of a bird. 
Diet. 

BUTYRA'CEOUS, bfit-e-ra'-shus. a. Having the 
qualities of butter. Floyer. 

BUTYROUS, but'-e-rfts. a. Having the properties 
of butter. Floyer. 

BU'XOMS,buk'-sum. 166. a. [buc r um from bu£an, 
Sax. to bend.] Obedient. Spenser. Gay; lively. 
Crashaio. Wantonly ; jolly. Dryden. 
BU XOMLY, b&k'-sum-le. ad. Dutifully ; obedient- 
ly. Gower. Wantonly ; amorously. 
BU'XOMNESS, buk'-sfim-nes. n.s. Meekness, 

obedience. Chaucer. 
To BUY S, bl. v. a. preter. I bought ; I have bought. 
[bigan, Sax.] To purchase. Addison. To pay 
dearly for. Shak. To procure some advantage by 
162 



BY 



fcYZ 



— n6, move, nor, not-, — to.be, tab, bull; — Sn; — pound; — th'm, THis. 



something' that deserves it. Shakspeare. To regu- 
late by money. Shakspeare. 

To BUY, bl. »•.'». To treat about a purchase. Slutk. 

BU Y BR, bl'-ftr. n. s. He that buys. Wotton. 

BUZ*, lmz. inter}. An exclamation used when a per- 
son begins to relate what was generally known be- 
fore. Shakspeare. 

IYBUZZ§, b&z. v.n. [bizzen, Teut.] To hum. 
$}vmcr. To whisper. S/w£. To sound heavy 
and low. Haijward. 

To BUZZ, buz. r.«. To whisper ; to spread secretly. 
Shakspeare. ■ 

BUZZ, buz. 7*..?. The noise of a bee or fly. South. 
A hum ; a whisper. Bacon. 

BUZZARD, bnz'-z&rd. 83. n.s. [busard, Fr.] A 
degenerate species of hawk. SJiak. A blockhead 5 
a dunce. Ascluun. 

BU'ZZARD*-, b&z'-zfird. a. Senseless ; stupid. Mil- 
ton. 

BU'ZZER, biV-zur. 98. n. s. A secret whisperer. 
Slutkspeare. 

BY $, bl, or be. prep, [bi, Sax.] It notes the agent. 
Shak. The instrument. Dryden. The cause of 
any effect. Parnel. The means by which any 
thing is performed. Shak. It shows the manner of 
an action. Dryden. It notes the method in which 
any successive action is performed. Hooker. It 
notes the quantity had at one time. Locke. _ At, or 
in. Bacon. According to ; .noting permission. Ba- 
con. According to ; noting proof. Bentley. After 3 
according to; noting imitation. Tillot.son. From; 
noting ground of judgement. Waller. It notes the 
sum of the difference between two things-compared. 
Dryden. It notes co-operation. Slmk. For ; not- 
ing continuance of time. Bacon. Not later than ; 
noting time.. Spenser. Beside ; noting passage. 
Addison. Beside ; near to. Shak. Before himself, 
herself, or themselves, it notes the absence of all 
others. Ascliam. At hand. Boijle. It is the solemn 
form of swearing. Dryden. It is used in forms of 
obtesting. Dryden. It signifies specification. Dry- 
den. By proxy of; noting substitution. Brooine. 
In the same direction with. Grew. 

§Cf The general sound of this word is like the verb to 
buy ; but we not unfrequently hear it pronounced like 
the verb to be. This latter sound, however, is only 
tolerable in colloquial pronunciation, and then only when 
used as a preposition ; as when we say, Do you travel 
by land or by water ? But in reading these lines of Pope, 
" By land, by water, they renew the charge ; 
" They stop the chariot, and they board the barge" — 
here we ought to give the word by the sound of the 
verb to buy ; so that pronouncing this word like be, is, 
if the word will be pardoned me, a colloquialism. W. 

BY, bl. ad. Near. Dryden. Beside; passing. Rut.h, 
iv. In presence. Sidney. 

BY AMD BY, bl'-and-bl'. ad. In a short time. 
Sidney. 

BY, bl. n. s. Something not the direct and immediate 
object of regard ; by the by. Bacon. Dryden. 

To BY*. Ob. T. See To Aby. . 

BY", in composition, implies something out of the di- 
rect way ; irregular ; collateral ; or private. 



BY-COFFEE-HOUSE, bl'-kof-fe-h6us. n.s A cot- 
fee-house in an obscure place. Addison. 

BY-CONCERNMENT, bl'-k6n-sern'-ment. n. s. An 
affair which is not the main business. Dryden 

BY-CORNER*, bi'-kor'-nor. n. s. A private corner. 
Massinger. 

BY-DEPENDENCE, bl'-de-pen'-dense. n.s. An ap- 
pendage. Shakspeare. 

BY-DESIGN > bl'-de-slne'. n.s. An incidental pur- 
pose. HudUrras.. 

BY-DRINKING*, bl'-drink'-ing. n.s. Private drink- 
ing. Shakspeai-e. 

BY-END, bl'-^nd'. n. s. Private interest. V Estrange 

BY-GONE, bl'-gon'. a. Past. Shakspeare. 

BY-INTEREST, bl'-tn'-t&r-gst. n. s. Interest distinct 
from that of the publick. Atterbunj. 

BY-LANE*, bl'-lane'. n. s. A lane out of the usual 
road. Burton. 

BY-LAW, bl'-law'. n. s. [bila£e, Sax.] By-laws are 
orders made by common assent, for the good of 
those that make them, farther than the publick law 
binds. Couel. 

BY-MATTER, bl'-mat'-tftr. n.s. Something inci- 
dental. Bacon. 

BY-NAME, bl'-name'. n. s. A nick-name. Lomth. 

To BY-NAME*, bl'-name'. v. a. To give a nick- 
name. Camden. 

BY r -PAST, bl'-past'. a. Past. Shakspeare. 

BY-PATH, bl'-p&th'. n. s. A private or obscure path. 
Shakspeare. . 

BY-RESPECT, bl'-re-spekl'. n.s. Private end or 
view. Carew. 

BY-ROAD, bi'-rrxle 7 . n.s. An obscure path. Swift. 

BY-ROOM. bl'-rO&m'. n. s. A private room within. 

BY r -SPEECH, bl'-speetsh'. n. s. An incidental or cas- 
ual speech. Hooker. 

BY-STANDER, bl'-stan'-dfir. n.s. A looker on, 
one unconcerned. Locke. 

BY-STREET, bystreet 7 , n.s. An obscure street. 
Gay. 

BY-TURNING*, bl'-uW-ing. n. s. An obsure road. 
Sidney. 

BY- VIEW, bl'-yu'. n.s. Self-interested purpose. 
Alter bury. 

BY- WALK, bl'-wawk'. n.s. A private walk. Dryd 

BY'-WAY', bl'-wa/. n. s. A private and obscure way. 
Spenser. 

BY^WEST, be-west', n.s. Westward. Davies. 

BY- WIPE*, bl'-wlpe 7 . n. s. A secret stroke or sar- 
casm. Milton. 

BY- WORD, bl'-wurd'. ?i. s. [bipopb, Sax.] A say- 
ing ; a proverb. Shakspeare. 

BY'ASS. See Bias. 

BYE,bl. )n.s. [by, bym£, Sax.] A dwelling. 

BEE. be. \ Gibson. K 

BYRE*, blre. n. s. A cow-house. 

BYSPEL*, bl'-spel. n.s. [bi rP ell ; Sax.] A proverb. 

Coles. 
BYSSE,bis. ■) Tn , , . .„ 

BY'SSIN*, bis'-sin. C w '?' If"™*-] A silk or linen 

BY'SSUS*, bls'-sfis. ^ hood - Gawer - 

BY'SSINE*, bls'-sin. a. Made of silk. Coles. 

BY'ZANTINE. See Bizantine. 



GAB 

CThe third letter of the alphabet, has two sounds; 
9 one like k, as call, clock ; the other as s, as cessa- 
tion, cinder. It sounds like k before a, 0, u, or a 
consonant ; and like 5 before e, i, and y. 348. .. , 

C*. The numeral letter of the Romans, which we 
use, to denote a hundred. 

CAB, kab. n. s. [ap.] A Hebrew measure, contain- 
ing about three pints English. 

CABA'L§, ka-bal'. n.s. [cabale, Fr. rtap, tradition.] 
The secret science of the Hebrew rabbins. Hake- 
irill. A body of men united in some close design. 
Burnet. Intrigue. Dryden. 

ft3= The political signification of this word owes its origi- 



CAB 

nal to the five Cabinet Ministers in Charles the Second's 
reign ; Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington, and 
Lauderdale: this Junto were known by the name of the 
Cabal : a word which the initial letters of their names 
happened to compose. W. 

To CABA'L, ka-bal'. v. n. To form close intrigues 
Dryden. 

CA'BALA*, kab'-a-la. n. s. The secret science of the 
Jewish doctors ; any secret science. Spenser. 

CA'BALIST, kab'-a-flst. n. s. One skilled in the tra- 
ditions of the Hebrews. Selden. 

CA'BALISM*, kab'-al Izm. n. s. A part of the science 
of the cabal. Spensei: 

163 



CAC 



CAD 



07 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm ;— 



CABALFSTICAL, kab-al-lls'-te-kal. ) a. Something 
CABALl'STICK^ab-al-hV-tlk. 5 that has an 

occult meaning. Burton. 
CABALFSTICALLY*, kab-al-hV-te-kal-le. ad. In a 

cabalistick manner. Sir T. Herbert. 
To CA'BALIZE* kab'-al-ize. v. n. To speak the 

language of the learned Jews. 

CABA'LLER, ka-bal'-lur. n.s. An intriguer. Dryden. 

CA'BALLINE, kab'-al-line, or kab'-al-lin. 148. a. 

[caballinus, Lat.] Belonging to a horse. Cotgrave. 

CA'BAKET, kab'-a-ret. n. s. [Fr.] A tavern. 

Bramhall. 
CA'BBAGE $, kab'-bldje. 90. n. s. [cakis, Fr.] A 

plant. Miller. 
To CA'BBAGE, kab'-bldje. v. n. To form a head ; 

as, the plants Degin to cabbage. 
To CABBAGE, kab'-bidje. v. a. To steal in cutting 

clothes. Arbuthnot. 
CABBAGE*, kab'-bJdje. n. s. A cant word for the 

shreds made by tailors in cutting out clothes. 
CA'BBAGE-TREE, kab'-bJdje-tree. n. s. A species 

of palm-tree. Miller. 
CABBAGE-WORM, kab'-bfdje-wurm. n. s. An in- 
sect. 
CA'BIN§, kab'-bfn. n.s. [cabane, Fr. caJmn. Welsh.] 

A small room. Spenser. A small chamber in a 

ship. Shakspeare. A cottage, or a small house. 

Sidney. A tent, or temporary habitation. Fairfax. 
To CA BIN, kab'-bin. v. n. To live in a cabin. Shak. 
To CA'BUN, kab'-bin. v. a. To confine in a cabin. 

Shakspeare. 
CA'BIN-BOY* kab'-bin-b6e. n.*. The boy who 

waits in the cabin on board a ship. 
CA'BIN-MATE*, kab'-bin-mate. n. s. He who oc- 
cupies the same cabin with another. Beau, and Fl. 
CA'BINED, kab'-bmd. 362. a. Belonging to a cabin. 

Milton. 
CA'BINET §, kab'-im-et. n. s. [cabinet, Fr.] A closet ; 

a small room. Bacon. A hut, or small house. 

Spenser. A room in which consultations are held. 

Dryden. A set of boxes or drawers for curiosities. 

B. Jonson. Any place in which things of value are 

hidden. Denluim. 
To CA'BINET*, kab'-?n-£t. v. a. To enclose. Hewyt. 
CA'BINET-COUNCIL, kab'-fn-et-koun'-sil. n. s. A 

council held in a private maimer. Bacon. A select 

number of privy counsellors. Gay. 
CA'BINET-MAKER, kab'-In-et-ma'-kur. n. s. One 

that makes fine work in wood. Mortimer. 
CA'BLE§, ka'-bl. 405. n.s. [cabl, Welsh.] The rope 

of a ship to which the anchor is fastened. Shak. 
CA'BLED*, ka'-bld. a. Fastened with a cable. Dijcr. 
OA'BLET* n. s. [cablot, Fr.] A tow-rope. 
To CABO'B*, ka-bob'. ma. A mode of roasting meat. 
CABO'SHED^orCABO'CHED*, ka-bosht'. a. [ca- 

boclie, old Fr.] A term in heraldry, when the head 

of an animal is cut close, having no neck left to it. 
CABRIOLE*. See Capriole. 
CA'BRIOLET*, kab'-re-6-let. n. s. [Fr.] An open 

carriage. 
CA'BURNS, ka'-burnz. n. s. Small ropes used in 

ships. Did. 
CA'CAO, kaMc6. See Chocolate Nut. 
CACHE'CTICAL, ka-kek'-te-kal. ) a. Having- an ill 
CACHE'CTICK, ka-kek'-tik. S habit of body. 

Arbut.hnot. 
CACHE'XY^kak'-kek-se.sn.n.s. [*a^e|/o.] Such 

a distemperature of the humours, as hinders nutri- 
tion, and weakens the vital and animal functions. 

Arbuthnol. 

$y- Mr. Sheridan is the only orthoe'pist who accents this 
word on the first syllable, as I have done ; and yet every 
other lexicographer, who has the word, accents ano- 
rexy, ataxy, and artaraxy, on the first syllable, except 
Mr. Sheridan, who accents anorexy, and Bailey ataxy, 
on the penultimate. — Whence this variety and incon- 
sistency should arise, it is not easy to determine. Or- 
thodoxy and' apoplexy had sufficiently chalked out the 
analogy of accentuation in these words. The termina- 
tions in axy and exy do not form a' species of words 
which may' be called enclilical, like logy and graphy, 
517, but seem to be exactly under the predicament of 
those Latin and Greek words, which, when adopted into 



English by dropping their last syllable, remove the ac 
cent at least two syllables higher. — See Academt. W. 

CACHINNA'TION, kak-km-na'-shun. 353. n. s. [ca- 
chinnatio, Lat.] A loud laughter. Satan's Invisible 
World discovered. 

CA'CKEREL, kak'-6r-il. 555, 99. n. s. [caquerel, Fr.l 

A fish. Sir T. Herbert. 
To CA'CKLE §, kak'-kl. 405. t\ n. [kaeckelen, Dutch.] 
To make a noise as a goose. Shakspeare. Some- 
times used for the noise of a hen. Dryden. To 
laugh ; to gjgg\e. Arbuthnot. 

CA'CKLE, kak'-kl. n. s. The voice of a goose or 
fowl. Dryden. Idle talk ; prattle. 

CA'CKLER, kak'-lur. 98. n. s. A fowl that cackles. 
A tell-tale; a tattler. 

CACOCHY'MICAL, kak-ko-kW-e-kal. > 

CACOCHY'MICK, kak-ko-ldrrf-ik. 353, 509. \ 
Having the humours corrupted. Harvey. 

CACOCHY'MY, kak'-ko-kfm-me. n.s. [ K a K o X vpia.] 
A depravation of the humours from a sound slate. 
Arbnthnci. 

{)£?= Johnson and Bailey accent this word cacochym'y, 
Sheridan and Buchanan cacoch'ymy, and Dr. Ash cac- 
ochymy ; and this last accentuation I have adopted for 
reasons given under the word cachexy — which see. W. 

CACODE'MON*, kak-6-de'-mdn. n. s. [x<mi s and 

1 ' Sai/jMr.] An evil spirit. Sir T. Herbert. 

CACOE/THES* kak-o-e'-^ez. n. s. [.ca/co^ia.] In 
medicine, an incurable ulcer; generally, a bad cus- 
tom ; a bad habit. 

CACO'GRAPHY*, ka-k&g'-rd-fe. n.s. Bad spelling. 

CACO'PHONY, ka-kof-6-ne. 518. n.s. [KaKo^via.] 
A bad sound of words. Pope. 

To CACU MINATE, ka-krV-me-nate. v. a. [caewni- 
no, Lat.TTo make sharp or pyramidal. Diet. 

CAD A 1 VER», ka-da'-vur. n. s. [Lat.] A corpse. 
Davies. 

CADA'VEROUS, ka-dav'-e-ras. a. Having the ap- 
pearance of a dead body. Broun. 

CA'DDIS, kad'-dk n. s. A kind of tape or ribbon. 
Sha/c. A kind of worm found in straw. Walton. 

CA'DDOW*, kikl'-d6. n. s. A chough, or jackdaw 
Ray. 

CADE, kade. a. [cadeler, Fr.] Tame; soft; delicate. 
SJieldon. 

To CADE, kade. v. a. To breed up in softness. 

CADE, kade. n. s. [cadus, Lat.] A barrel. Shakspeare. 

CADE-WORM, kade'-wdrm. n, s. The same with 
caddis. 

CA'DENCE§. ka'-dense. ) n. s. [cadence, Fr.] Fail. 

CA'DENCY, ka'-den-se. \ Milton. The fall of the 
voice. Bacon. The flow of verses, or periods. 
Dryden. The tone or sound. Milton. [In horseman- 
ship.] The equal measure which a horse observes 
in all his motions, when he is thoroughly managed. 
Farrier's Diet. [Li heraldry.] The distinction of 
houses or families. 

To CA'DENCE*, ka'-dense. t\ a. To regulate by 
musical measure. A. Smith. 

CA'DENT, ka'-dent. a. Falling down. Shakspeare. 

CADENZA*, ka-den'-za. n. s. [Ital.] The fall or 
modulation of the voice in singing. 

CADE'T, ka-deY. n. s. [cadet, Fr.] The younger 
brother. Sir G. Buck. The youngest brother. 
Brown. A volunteer in the army, who serves in 
expectation of a commission. Swinburne. 

CA'DEW, ka'-du. n. s. A straw worm. Diet. 

To CADGE §*, kedje. r. a. [from cadge, or cage, a 
pannier.] To carry a burthen. Ray. 

CA'DGER, ked'-jnr. n. s. A huckster. Grose. 

§Cf This word is only used by the vulgar in London, 
where it is not applied to any particular profession or 
employment, but nearly in the same sense as cur- 
mudgeon,' and is corruptly pronounced as if written 
codger. W. 

CA'DI, ka'-de. n. s. A magistrate among the Turks. 
Lord Lyttleton. 

CADFLLACK, ka-dilMak. n. s. A sort of pear. 

CADU'CEUSt^ka-diV-she-os. 505. n.s. The rod or 
wand with which Mercury is depicted. 

CADU'CITY*, ka-diV-se-te. 511 . n. s. [caduais, Lat.] 
Frailty ; tendency to fall. Lord Chesterjield. 
164 



CAL 



CAL 



— 116, move, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull j — 611 5 — pdund 3 — thin, THis. 



a. [caduc, old Fr.] Fleeting 
1. s. [Lat.] A wind from the 



CADU KE* ka-duke' 

or frail. Hickes. 
CjE'CIAS, se'-she-as 
north-east. Milton. 
- V RKAN. See Cesarean. 
S LIRA, se-ziV-ra. 479, 480. n. s. [Lat.] A fig- 
ure in poetry, by which a short syllable after a 
complete foot is made long - . The natural pause or 
rest of the voice, which, falling 1 upon some part of 
a verse, divides it into two unequal parts. 
CjE'SURAL*. sezh'-Q-ral, or se-ziV-ral. a. Relating 
to the poetical figure, or to the pause of the voice. 
CiE'RULE*. See Cerule, and Cerulean. 
CA FT AX. kat 7 -tan. n.s. [Persick.] A Persian or 

Turkish vest or gannent. ' 
CAG, kag. n. s. A barrel or wooden vessel, contain- 
ing four or five gallons. 

G£ §. kaje. n. s. [cage, Fr.] An 
or wire, for birds. Sidney. A place for wild beasts. 



CAGE §, kaje. n. s. [cage, Fr.] An enclosure of twi 

or wire, for birds. Sidney. A pi 

A prison for petty malefactors. 
To CAGE, kaje. v. a. To enclose in a cage. Donne. 
CAIC* CAIQUE*. CAIACA*. n. s. [caw, Fr.] A 

^kili'or sloop belonging to a galley. 
See Kail. 
CAFMA.N, ka'-man. 88. n.s. The American name 

of a crocodile. 
CA'ISSON, ka-soon'. n. s. [Fr.] A chest of bombs 

or powder. A wooden case, in which the piers of 

bridges are built within the water. 
CA1 TIFF, ka'-tff.. n. s. [chetijf. chaitiff, old Fr.] A 

mean villain 5 a despicable knave. Spenser. 



CALCEATED, kal'-she-a-ted. 450. a. [calceatus, 

Lat.] Shod. 
CALCEDCNIUS, kal-se-d6'-ne-6s. 



CAITIFF*. ka'-tfT. ) R _ o 
rUTJVE*.ka'-llv.C a - Base ^ 
CAIRN*, karn. n. s. (earn, We 



larffe 



elsh.] A heap of stones. 
Johnsoti. 

To CAJOLES, ka-jdhy.u. a. [cageoller, Fr.] To flat- 
ter ; to soothe ; to coax. Hudibras. 

CA JO LER, ka-j6'-Iur. n. s. A flatterer. 

CAJO'LERY, ka-j6'-lur-re. 555. n. s. Flattery. Burke. 

CAKE i, kake. n. s. [cuch, Teut.] A kind of delicate 
bread. ShaJcspeare. Any thing of a form rather 
flat than high. Bacon. Concreted matter. Beau- 
ind Fletclier. 

To CAKE, kake. v. a. To force into concretions. 

To CAKE, kake. v. n. To harden. Addison. 

To CAKE*, kake. v. n. To cackle as geese. Ray, 

CA LABASHf, kaF-a-bash. n. s. A species of lar 
gourd. 

CALABASH Tree, kal'-a-bash-tree. n. .9. A tree of 
which the shells are used by the negroes for cups, 
and instruments of musick. Miller. 

CALAMANCO, kal-a-mang'-k6. n.s. [calamancus, 
Lat.] A kind of woollen stuff. Toiler. 

CAL AMI FERGUS*, kal-a-mlf-ur-fis. a. [calamus 
and ferbf Lat.] Plants bearing a smooth staik, knot- 
ted and hollow. Chambers. 

CALAMINE, [or Lapis Calaminaris ,] kaF-i-mlne. 
1 19. ?2. s. A sort of stone or mineral, containing 
zinc, iron, and sometimes other substances. Locke. 

CA LAMENT, kal'-a-mint. n. s. [mXa/nlvSt,.] The 
name of a plant. 

To CALAM1STRATE* kal-a-mfs'-trate. v. a. [ca- 
lamistrer, old Fr.] To curl or frizzle the hair. Col- 
grave. 

CALAMISTRA'TION*, kal-a-mis-tra'-shun. n. s. 
The act of curling the hair. Burton. Ob. T. 

CALAMITOUS, ka-lam'-e-tus. a. Miserable \ in- 
volved in distress. Calamy. Full of misery. Har- 

CALA'MITOUSNESS, ka-lam'-e-t&s-ne's. n.s. Mis- 
ery ; distress. 

CALA'M1TY§, ka-lam'-e-te. n.s. [cakmiias, Lat.] j 
Misfortune. Bacon. Misery. Milton. 

CA'LAM US, kal'-a-mus. n. s. [Lat.] A sort of reed, 
or sweet-scented wood. Exodus. 

CALASH, ka-lash'. n. s. [ccdeclie, Fr.] A small car- 
riage of pleasure. Dry den. A covering to protect 
the head of a lady full dressed 



5. [Lat.] A 

kind of precious stone of the agate kind. Woodward 
CALCEDONY*, kal'-se-d6-ne. h. s. The calcedo 

nius. Rev. xxi. 
CALCINABLE*, kaF-sto-a-bl. a. That which may 

be calcined. Hilt. 
To CALCINATE. See To Calcine. Bacon. 
CALCINA'TION, kal-se-na'-shftn. n.s. Such a man 
agement of bodies by fire, as renders them reduci 
ble to powder ; ehymical pulverization. Boyle. 
CALCINATORY, kal-sin'-a-tttr-e. n. s. A vessel 

used in calcination. 
I §£r Mr. Sheridan accents this word on the first syllable, 
and Dr. Johnson and Mr. Perry on the second. I prefer 
the same accent as on the verb To calcine, 512. W. 
To CALCINES, kal-slne'. v. a. [calciner, Fr.] To 
burn to a calx, or friable substance. Gregory. To 
burn up. Donne. 
To CALCINE, kal-slne'. v. n. To become a calx by 

heat. Neivton. 
To CALCITRATE* kaF-se-trate. v. n. [calcitrer, 

Fr.] To kick ; to spurn. Cotgrave. 
CALCO'GRAPHY*. See Chalcography. 
CALCULABLE*, kaF-ku-la-bl. a. That which may 

be estimated or computed. 
To CALCULATE §, kaF-ku-late. v. a. [calculer, Fr.] 
To compute ; to reckon. To compute the situation 
of the planets at any certain time. Shakspeare. To 
adjust. Tillotson. 
To CALCULATE, kaF-ku-late. v. n. To make a 

computation. Shakspeare. 
CALCULATION, kal-ku-la'-shfin. n. s. The art of 

numbering. Holder. A reckoning. Hooker. 
CALCULATIVE*, kaF-ku-la-tiv. a. Belonging to 

calculation. Burke. 
CALCULATOR, kaF-ku-la-tur. 521 . n.s. A com- 
puter ; a reckoner. Burton. 
CALCULATORY, kaF-ku-la-tur-e. 512. a. Belong- 
ing to calculation. Sherwood. 
CALCULE, kaF-kule. n.s. Reckoning. Howell 

Ob. J. 
To CALCULE*, kaF-kule. v. a. To calculate. Clutu- 

cer. Ob. T. 
CALCULOSE, kal-ku-lose'. 1 a. Stony 5 grittv, 
CALCULOUS, kaF-ku-lus. \ Brown. 
CA1LC UL US, kaF-ku-lus. n. s. [Lat.] The stone in 

the bladder. 
CALDRON, kawF-drun. 166. n. s. [clumldron, Fr.] 

A pot ; a boiler. Spenser. 
CALE'CHE. The same with calash. 
CALEDO'NIAN*, kal-e-do'-ne-an. a. [from Caledo- 

ra'aj Relating to Scotland. Warton. 
CALEFA'CTION, kal-e-fdk'-shun. n.s. The act of 

heating. The state of being heated. Spenser. 
CALEFA'CTPTE, kal-e-fak'-tiv. a. That which 

makes anv thing hot. 
CALEFACTORY, kal-e-fak'-tur-e. a. That which 

heats. 
To CALEFY §, kaF-e-fl. 183. v. n. [cakfio, Lat.] To 

grow hot. Broivn.. 
To CALEFY, kaF-e-fl. v. a. To make warm. Bui- 

lokar. 
CALENDARS, kaF-en-dur. 88. n. s. [cakndarium, 
Lat.] A register of the year, in which the months 
and stated times are marked, as festivals and holi- 
davs. Shakspeare. 
To CALENDAR*, kal'-en-dur. v. a. To enter in a 

calendar. Whitlock. 
To CALENDER §, kaF-en-dur. v.a. [ccdendrer, Fr.] 

To dress cloth. 
CALENDER, kaF-en-dur. 98. n. s. A hot press, in 
which clothiers smooth their cloth. The workman 
who manages the machine. Cowper. 
CALENDER*, or KALENDER* kaF-en-dfir. n.s. 
The name of a sort of dervises in Turkey and Per- 
sia. Sir T. Herbert. 



CALCA / REOUS*,kal-ka / -re-us.a.[eo/o-,Lat.]Par- CALENDERER, kaF-en-dfir-fir. «. *. The person 

taking of the nature of calx or lime. Swinburne. | who calenders. 
CALCAVA'LLA*, kal-ka-vaF-la. n.s. A superiour j CALENDS, kaF-fndz. n.s. [calendce, Lat.] The 

kind of Lisbon wine. | first dav of everv month among the Romans. 

165 



CAL 



CAL 



Cr 559.— Fate, f ar, fill, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



CALENTURE, kaf-en-tshure. 461. n. si [caleo, Lat.] 
A distemper peculiar to sailors, in hot climates ; 
wherein they imagine the sea to be green fields. 
Quincy. 

CALF, kaf. 401, 78. n.s. [cealp, calp, Sax.] The 
young 1 of a cow. Bacon. Calves of the lips, men- 
tioned by Hosea, signify sacrifices of praise and 
prayers. Hosea. A dolt ; a stupid wretch. Dray- 
ton. The thick part of the leg. Suckling. 

CALFLIKE*, kaf -like. a. Resembling a calf. Slvak. 

CALIBER, kal'-e-bur. n. s. [calibre, Fr.] The bore 
of a gun. Reid. 

fgj* Mr. -Sheridan accents this word on the second sylla- 
ble, and gives the i the sound of double e, like the 
French; but Johnson, Kenrick, Ash, Buchanan, Perry, 
and Entick, consider the word as perfectly anglicised, 
and place the accent on the first syllable, as I have 
done. W, 

C A' LIBRE* kaf-e-bur. n. s. A sort or kind ; a fig- 
urative meaning of the preceding word. Burke. 

C ALICE, kal'-lk n.s. See Chalice. Taylor. 

CALICO, kal'-e-k6. n. s. [from Calicut in India.] A 
stuff made of cotton. Addison. 

CALICO-PRINTER*, kal'-e-ki-prmt'-fir. n. s. The 
manufacturer of printed linens. Toiler. 

CALID, kal'-id. a. [calidus, Lat.] Hot. 

CALI'DITY, ka-lid'-de-te. 511. n.s. Heat. Brown. 

CALIDUCT*, kal'-e-dukL n. s. That which conveys 
heat ; a .stove. Evelyn. 

CALIF, I ka'-lft n. s. [klialifa, Arab.] A title as- 

CALIPH, 3 sumed by the successors of Mahomet 
among the Saracens. Sir T. Herbert.. 

CALIGA'TION, kal-le-ga'-shun. n.s. [caligo, Lat.] 
Darkness ; cloudiness. Brown. 

CALFGINOUS§, ka-lldje'-e-nus. a. Obscure ; dim. 
Hallywell. 

CALPGINOUSNESS, ka-lidje'-e-mVnes. n. s. 
Darkness; obscurity. 

CALIGRAPHY, ka-tfg'-ra-fe. n.s. [ka\iy 9 a<pta.] 
Beautiful writing. Prideaux. 

CALIPA'SH*, kal-e-pash'. ) n. s. Terms of cookery 

CALIPE'E*, kal-e-pee'. C in dressing a turtle. 

CALIPERS. See Callipers. 

CALIPHATE*, kal'-e-fate. n. s. The government 
of the caliph. Harris. 

CALIPHSHIP*, ka/-llf-sh?p. n.s. The office of the 
caliph. 

CALIVER, kal'-e-v&r. n. $, [from caliber.] A hand- 
gun ; a harquebuse. Shakspeare. 

CA'LIX. ka'-liks. n.s. [Lat.] A cup. 

To CALK §, kawk. r. a. [calage, Fr.] To stop the 
leaks <f a ship. Raleigh. 

CALKER, kaw'-kur. n. s. The workman that stops 
ihe leaks of a ship. Ezekicl. 

CALKIN*, kawk'-m. n. s. A part prominent from a 
horse-shoe, to secure the horse from falling.' Ash. 

CALKING-IRON*, kawk'-lng-i-ura. n. s. A chisel 
used in calking a ship. Dryden.. 

To CALL4, kawl. 77. v. a. [cab, Lat.] To name. 
Gen. To summon. Sluxfc. To convoke. Shak. 
T-o summon judicially. Clarendon. To summon 
by command. Isaiah. In the theological sense, to 
ifispire with ardours of piety. Rom. To invoke; 
2 Cor. To appeal to. Clarendon. To proclaim. 
Gay. To excite. Cowley. To stigmatize with 
some opprobrious name. Swift. — To call hack. To 
revoke. Isaiah. To call for. To demand. Shak. 
To call in. To resume money at interest. Addison. 
To call in. To resume any thing that is in other 
hands. Locke. To call in. To summon together ; 
to invite. Shak. To call over. To read aloud a list 
or muster-roil. To call- out. To challenge. Dfyden. 
To CALL, kawl. v. n. To stop without intention of 
staying. To make a short visit. B. Jonson. To 
call on. To solicit for a favour or a debt. SJiak. 
To call on. To repeat solemnly. Dryden. To call 
upon. To implore. Psalm i. 

CALL, kawl. n.s. A vocal address of summons. 
Milton. Requisition authoritative and publick. 
Hooker. Divine vocation. Milton. A summons 
from heaven. Roscommon. Authority; command. 
A demand. Addison. An instrument 



to call birds. Wilkins. A sort of pipe used by the 



boatswain to summon the sailors. Call 



»/. 



tion. Dryden. A nomination. Bacon. — Call of the 

House. In parliamentary language, to discover 

what members are absent without leave. 
CALLER*, kawf-lfir. n. s. He who calls. Sherwood. 
CALLET$, kal'-let. n. s. A trull, or a scold. Skellon. 
To CALLET* kal'-let. v.n. To rail; to scold. 

Brathwait. 
CALLICO*. See Calico 
CALLFDITY*, kal-lid'-e-te. n. s. [callidilas, Lat.] 

Craftiness. Cockeram. 
CALLIGRAPHY*. See Caligraphy. B. Jonson. 
CALLIGRA'PHICK*, kal-le-graf-Jk. a. Relating 

to beautiful writing. Warton. 
CALLING, kawl'-hng. n. s. Vocation ; profession. 

South. Proper station or employment. Swift. 

Class of persons united by the same employment. 

Hammond. Divine vocation. 2 Peter, i. Appella- 
tion. Slutkspeare. 
CALLIPERS, kal'-le-pfirz. 98. n. s. [qvalibre, Fr.] 

Compasses with bowed shanks. Moxon. 
CALLOSITY, kal-lcV-s£-te. n. s. [callosile, Fr.] A 

kind of swelling without pain. Arbuthnot. 
CALLOT*. See Calotte. 
CALLOUS $, kal'-lus. a. [callus, Lat.] Indurated; 

hardened. Wisenwm. Insensible. Dryden. 
CALLOUSLY*, kal'-lfis-le. ad. In a hardened man- 
ner. 
CALLOUSNESS, _ kal'-lfis-nes. n.s. Hardness. 

Clveyne. Insensibility. Bentley.- 
CALLOW, kalM6. a. [calo, calu, Sax.] Unfledged j 

naked. Milton. 
CA'LL US, kal'-lus. n. s. [Lat.] An induration of 

the fibres. The hard substance by which broken 
I bones are united. 
CALM §, kam. 80. [See No. 79. in the note.] a. [calme, 

Fr.] Quiet ; serene. Spenser. Undisturbed. Beau- 

nwnt and Fletclier. 
CALM, kam. n. s. Serenity. Raleigh. .Quiet ; repose. 

South. 
To CALM, kam. v. a. To still. Di-yden. To pacify. 

Atterbury. 
CALMER, kW-ur. 403. n.s. That which has the 

power of giving quiet. Walton. 
CALMLY, kamMe. ad. Serenely. Bacon. Without 

passion. Prior. 
CALMNESS, kanV-nes. n.s. Tranquillity. Denliam. 

Mildness. Shakspeare. 
CALMY, klm'-e. a. Calm. Cowley. 
CALOMEL, kal'-o-meUi.s. [calomelas, Lat.] Mer- 
cury six times sublimed. Wiseman. 
CALORITICK, kal-6-rff-lk. a. [calorifciis, Lat.] 

Heating. Grew. 
CALOTTE, kal-l6t'. n.s. [Fr.] A cap or coif, 

worn as an ecclesiastical ornament in France. B. 

Jonson. 
CALOYERS, kalM6-yfirz. n.s. [/caXo?.] Monks of 

the Greek church. Madden. 
CALTROP, kal'-trop. ) n. s. [coltnfeppe, Sax.] 
CALTHROP, kal'-^rop. \ An instrument made 

with four spikes, so that when thrown on the ground 

one of them points upright, to wound horses 7 feet. 

Blount. A plant, the fruit of which is armed with 

strong prickles. Miller. 
To CALUMNIATES, ka-hW-ne-ate. 91. v.n. To 

accuse falsely. Sliakspeare. 
To CALU'MNIATE, ka-lum'-ne-ate. v. a. To slan- 
der. Bp. Patrick. 
CALUMNIATION, kal&m-ne-a'-shun. n.s. A ma- 
licious and false representation. Ayliffc. 
CALU'MNIATOR, ka-lum'-ne-a-tar. 521 . n. s. A 

slanderer. Abp. Usher. 
CALU'MNIATORY*, ka-lfim'-ne-a-tur-e. a. False. 

Mountagu. 
CALU'MNIOUS, ka-hW-ne-ik a. Slanderous. 
CALU'MNIOUSLY*. ka-hW-ne-us-le. ad. In a 

slanderous manner. Monniaicu. 
CALU'MNIOUSNESS*, kal&m'-ne-us-nes. n. s. 

Slanderous accusation. Bp. Morton. 
CALUMNY §, kaF-um-ne. n.s. [calumnia, Lat.] 

Slander; false charge. Sluikspeare. 
1GG 



CAM 



CAN 



-116, mfive, n6r, ndt ;— tube, tab, bull 5— 611 ;— pdund ;— th\n, this. 



To CALVE, kav. 78. v. n. [calpian, Sax.] To bring 
a calf. Dnjden. Metaphorically, to bring forth. 
Shakspeare. 

To CA LYER*, kav'-fir. v. a. To cut in slices. B. 
Jonson. 

To CA'LVER*, kav'-ur. v. n. To shrink by cutting, 
and not fail to pieces. Cotton. 

CA LYES-SNOUT, kavz'-sndut. A plant. Snap- 
dragon. 

CALYI'LLE, kal-vll'. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of apple. 

CA'LVINISM*, kal'-ve-nlzm. n. s. The dodrine of 
Calvin. Dean Martin. 

CA'LVINIST*, kal'-ve-nlst. n.s. He who holds the 
doctrine of Calvin. Burnet. 

CALYINLSTlCAL^kal-ve-nist'-e-kal. ) a. Relating 

CALVINI'STICK*, kal-ve-nlst'-ik. $ to Calvin- 
ism. Wurton. 

CA'LVISH*, klv'-lsh. a. Like a calf. SMdon. 

CALVITY*, kal'-ve-te. n. s. Baldness. Cockeram. 

CALX, kalks. n. s. [Lat.] Anything that is reduced 
to powder by burning. Digby. 

CA'LYCLE, kal'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [calyculus, Lat.] A 
small bud of a plant. Diet. 

CALZO'ONS*, kal-zddnz'. n.s. [calzones, Span.] 
Drawers. Sir T. Herbert. 

CAMA'IEU, ka-ma'-yod. n. s. [camaieu, Fr.] A stone 
with various figures and representations of land- 
scapes, formed by nature. Darwin. 

CA'MBER, kam'-bur. n. s. A piece of timber cut 
arching. Moxon. 

CAMBERING, kam'-bur-lng. n.s. Arched. 

CA'MBIST*, kam'-blst. n. s. [cambio, Lat.] A per- 
son skilled in exchanges. Kelley. 

CA'MBLET*. See Camelot. 

CAMBRICK, kW-brlk. 542. n.s. [Cambray, a 
citv in Flanders.] A kind of fine linen, used for 
rulfles. &c. Shakspeare. 

CAME, kame. The preterit of To come. Addison. 

CA'MEL, kam'-el. 99. n.s. [camelus, Lat.] An animal 
very common in Arabia, Judea, and the neighbour- 
ing countries. Thomson. 

CAMEL-BACKED*, kam'-el-bakt. a. Having a 
back like a camel. Fuller. 

CAMELOPARD, ka-melMo-pard. n. s. An Abys- 
sinian animal, which has a neck and heasllike a 
camel, and is spotted like a pard. Trevoux. 

CA MELOT, ) kam'-let. 99. n.s. [/ca^Xo»r,J.] Astuff 

CAMLET, ) originally made of silk and camel's 
hair, but now with wool and silk. Brown. Hair 
cloth. Dryden. 

CAMLETTED*. kamMgt-ed. a. Coloured, or vein- 
ed. Sir T. Herbert. 

CAMERA OBSC URA, kam'-e-ra-ob-sku'-ra. n. s. 
[Lat.] An optical machine used in a darkened 
chamber, so that, the light coming only through a 
double convex glass, objects opposite are repre- 
sented inverted upon any white matter placed in 
the focus of the glass. Martin. 

CA/MERADE. n. s. [camerade, Fr.] One that lodges 
in the same chamber. Rymer. Now comrade. 

To CA / MERATE*,kam / -fir-ke. v. a. [camero, Lat.] 
To ceil or vault. Cockeram. 

CA'MERATED, kam'-er-a-ted. a. Arched. Coles. 

CAMERA'TION, kam-er-a'-sh&n. n.s. A vaulting 
or arching. 

CA'MIS*, ka'-mfs. n. s. [camise, Ital.] A thin, trans- 
parent dress. 

CAMISA'DO, kam-e-sa'-do. 77. n. s. [camisa, Ital.] 
An attack made by soldiers in the dark ; on which 
occasion they put their shirts outward, to be seen 
by each other. Hayward. 

CA MISATED, kam'-e-sa-ted. a. Dressed with the 
shirt outward. 

CA'MLET. See Camelot. 

CA'MMOCK, kam'-muk. n.s. [cammoc, Sax.] An 
herb. Petty whin. 

CA'MOMILE, kam'-i-mlle. 148. n.s. [xaiial^Xov.] 
A flower. Drayton. 

CA'MOUSS, ka'-mfis. )a. [camus, Fr.] Flat; level; 

CAMO'YS^ka-mdis'. 5 depressed: only used of 
the nose. Brown. 

CA 'MOUSED*, kk' -mist. part. a. Crooked. B.Jems. 



CA'MOUSLY* ka'-mfls-le. ad. Awry. Skelton. 
CAMP J, kamp. n. s. [campus, Lat.] The order of 

tents, placed by armies when they keep the field. 

Sliakspeare. 
To CAMP, kamp. v. a. To encamp, ShoJc. To fix 

tents. 
To CAMP*, kamp. v. n. To pitch a camp. Exod. xix. 
CAMP-FIGHT, Mmp'-fke. n.s. An old word for 

combat. Hakewill. 
CAMPAIGNS, kam-pane'. 385. )n. s. [campaigne, 
CAMPA'NIA, kam-pa'-ne-a. X Fr.} A large, 

open, level ground. Temple. The time lor which 

an army keeps the field. Clarendon. 
To CAMPAIGN*, kam-pane'. v. n. To serve in a 

campaign. Sir R. Musgrave. 
CAMPAIGNER*, kam-pane'-ur. n.s. He who 

serves throughout a campaign. 
CAMPA'NA*, kam-pa'-na. n. s. [Lat.] The pasque- 
flower. 
CAMPANULA*, kam-pan'-u-la. n. s. [Lat.] The 

bell-flower. 
CAMPANOLOGY*, kam-pa-n6l'-6-je. n.s. [cam- 

pana, Lat.] The art of ringing belts. 
CAMPA'NlFORM,kam-pan'-ne-form. a. Flowers iu 

the shape of a bell. Harris. 
CAMPA'NULATE, kam-pan'-u-late, a. Campani- 

form. 
CAMPE'STRAL, kam-peV-tral.a. [campestris, Lat. J 

Growing in fields. Mortimer. 
CAMPE'STRIAN*, kam-pes'-tre-ai>. a. Relating to 

the field. 
CA'MPHIRE, kam'-ffr. 140. n. s. A kind of resin pro- 
duced by a chymical process from the camphire- 

tree. 
CA'MPHIRE-TREE, kam'-f?r-tre\ n. s. [camfora, 

Lat.] A tree which grows in the isle of Borneo, 

and in Japan. Milk)'. 
To CA'MPHIRE*, kam'-f h\ v. a. To impregnate or 

wash with camphire. Tourneur. 
CA'MPHORATE, kam'-fo-rate. 91. )a. Impreg- 
CA'MPHORATED*, kW-fo-ra-t&L $ nated with 

camphire. Boyle. 
CA'MPING*, kamp'-mg. n. s. The act of playi»g at 

foot-ball. Bryant. 
CA'MPION, kam'-pe-fin. 166. n. s. A plant. 
CA'MUS, ka'-mus. n. s. [camisa, Lat.] A thin dress. 

Spenser. 
CAN*. Used for gan, or began, in old poetry. 
CAN, kan. n. s. [canne, Sax.] A cup. Shakspeare. 
To CAN §, kan. v. n. [cunnan, Sax.] To be able, 

Bacon. It expresses the potential mood ; as, I can 

do it. Dryden. 
To CAN*, kan. v. a. To know. Spenser. 
CANA'ILLE, ka-nale'. n. s. [Fr.] The lowest peo 

pie ; the dregs of the people. Burke. 
CA'NAKIN*, kan'-a-k?n. n. s. A small cup. Shak. 
CANAL, ka-nal'. n. s. [canalis, Lat.] A basin of 

water in a garden. Pope. Any tract or course of 

water made by art. Thomson. A conduit through 

which any of the juices of the body flow. 
CARNAL-COAL. [This word is corrupted into 

ken'-nfl-k6le. W.] n. s. A fine kind of coal, dug 

up in England. Woodward. 
CANALI'CULATED, kan-a-lik'-u-la-ted. a. Made 

like a pipe or gutter. 
CAN A'RY §, ka-na'-re. n.s. [from the Canary islands.] 

Wine brought from the Canaries; sack. Shak. 

An old dance. Shakspeare. 
To CAN A'RY, ka-na'-re. v. n. To dance; to frolick. 

Shakspeare. 
CANA'RY-BIRD, ka-na'-re-bfird. n. s. An excellent 

singing bird. Carew. 
To CA'NCEL $, kan'-sll. 99. v. a. [canceller, Fr.] To 

cross a writing. Jus. SigiUi, p. 8. To efface ; to 

obliterate in general. Spenser. 
To CANCEL* kan'-sll. v.n. To become obliterated. 

Cowley. 
CANCELLATED, kan'-sel-la-ted. part. a. Cross- 
barred. Greiv's Museum. 
CANCELLATION, kan-sel-la'-shun. n. s. An ex- 
punging of the contents of an instrument. Avliffe. 
CA'NCERS, kan'-sur. 98. n. s. [cancer, Lat.] A crab- 
167 



CAN 



CAN 



ID 3 559,— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;- 



fish. The sign of the summer solstice. Thomson 
A virulent swelling, or sore. Wiseman. 
To CANCERATE, kan'-sdr-rate. 91. v. n. To be 

come a cancer. V Estrange. 
CANCERA'TION, kan-sar-ra'-shfin. n.s. A grow 

ing cancerous. 
CANCEROUS, kan'-s&r-rfis. a. Having the quali- 
ties of a cancer. Wiseman. 
CANCEROUSNESS, kan'-s&r-ras-nes. n.s. The 

state of being cancerous. 
CANCRIFORM*, kan'-kre-form. a. The same as 

cancerous. 
CANCRINE, kang'-krln. 140, 408. a. Having the 

qualities of a crab. 
CANDENT, kan'-dent. a. {candens, Lat.] Hot. 

Brown. 
CANDICANT, kan'-de-kant. a. [candkans, Lat.] 

Growing white ; whitish. Diet. 
CANDID $, kan'-dld. a. [candidus, Lat.] White. 
Dryden. Free from malice ; not desirous to find 
faults ; fair ; open ; ingenuous. Locke. 
CANDIDATE, kan'-de-date. n. s. [candidatus, Lat.] 
A competitor ; one that proposes himself for ad- 
vancement. Addison. 
To CANDIDATE*, kan'-de-date. v. a. To render 

fit as a candidate. Feltliam. 
CANDIDLY, kan'-dld-le. ad. Fairly. 
CANDIDNESS, kan'-did-ne's. n. s. Ligenuousness. 

South. 
To CANDIFY, kan'-de-fl. v. a. To whiten. Diet. 
CANDLES, kan'-dl. 405. n.s. [candela, Lat.] A 
light made of wax or tallow. Bacon. Light, or 
luminary. Slmkspeare. 
CANDLEBERRY TREE, kan'-dl-ber-re-tre. A 

species of the sweet willow. 
CANDLEHOLDER, kan'-dl-hold-fir. n. s. He that 

holds the candle. Slmkspeare. 
CANDLELIGHT, kan'-dl-llte. n.s. The light of a 
candle, Hooker. The necessary candles lor use. 
Molineux. 
CANDLEMAS, kan'-dl-mfis. 88. n.s. [canbel- 
maeype, Sax.] The feast of the purification of the 
Blessed Virgin, which was formerly celebrated with 
many lights in churches. Gay. 

'k. n 



The instru- 



CANDLESTICK, kan'-dl-sd 
ment that holds candles. Bacon. 

CANDLESTUFF, kan'-dl-stuf. n. s. Any thing of 
which candles may be made. Bacon. 

CANDLEWASTER, kan'-dl-was-t&r. n. s. A spend- 
thrift, or drunkard. Shakspeare. 

CANDLES-ENDS*, kan'-dlz-endz. n. s. A contemp- 
tuous term for scraps or fragments. Beaum. and Fl. 

CANDOCK, kan'-dok. n. s. A weed that grows in 
rivers. Walton. 

CANDOUR, kan'-d&r. 314. n.s. {candor, Lat.] 
Sweetness of temper ; ingenuousness. Watts. 

To CANDY $, kan'-de. v. a. To conserve with sugar. 
Bacon.- To form into congelations. Shak. To in- 
crust with congelations. Drayton. 

To CANDY, kan'-de. v. n. To grow congealed. 

CANDY Lion's foot. A plant. Miller. 

CANDY Tuft tree*. A plant. Chambers. 

CANES, kane. n. s. [icdwa and Kdvvn.'j A walking 
staff. Herbert. Harvey. The plant which yields the 
sugar. Clmmbers. Blackmore. A lance ; a dart 
made of cane. Dryden. A reed. Mortimer. 

To CANE, kane. v. a. To beat with a cane. 

CANFCULAR, ka-nlk'-u-lar. a. Belonging to the 
dog-star. Brown. 

CANICULE*, kan'-e-kule. n.s. [caniada, Lat.] The 
dog-star; and, figuratively, the dog-days. Addison. 

CANINE, ka-nlne'. a. [caninus, Lat.] Having the 
properties of a dog. Addison. Canine appetite. 
That which cannot De satisfied. Arbuihnot. 

CANISTER, kanMs-tfir. 98. n.s. [Lat.] A small 
basket. Dryden. A small vessel in which tea or 
coffee is laid up. 

CANKERS, kangMcfir. 409. n.s. [cancer, Lat.] A 
worm that preys upon fruits. Spenser. A fly that 
preys upon fruits. Walton. Any thing that corrupts 
or consumes. Bacon. The dog-rose. Shakspeare. 
An eating or corroding humour. Shak. Corrosion; 



virulence. Sliakspeare. A disease in trees. Eve- 
lyn. 
To CANKER, kang'-k&r. v.n. To grow corrupt. 

Spenser. To decay by corrosion. Bacon. 
To CANKER, kang'-kfir. v. a. To corrupt ; to cor- 
rode. Herbert. To infect; to pollute. Addison. 

CANKERBIT, kang'-kfir-b'it. particip. a. Bitten 
with an envenomed tooth. Shakspeare. 

CANKERED*, kang'-kfird. a. [cancre, old Fr.] 
Crabbed; uncivil. Spenser. 

CANKEREDLY*, kang'-k&r-ed-le. ad. Crossly, 
adversely. Mirror for Magistrates. 

CANKERLIKE*, kang'-kur-llke. a. Destructive as 
a canker. Mirror for Magistrates. 

CANKEROUS*, kang'-k&r-fis. a. Corroding like a 
canker. TJiomson. 

CANKER Y*, kang'-krtr-re. a. Rusty. Wogan. 

CANNAB1NE, kan'-nii-bine. 149. 'a. [cannabhius, 
Lat.] Hempen. Did. 

CANNIBAL §,kan'-ne-bal. n.s. A man-eater. Bacon. 

CANNIBALISM*, kan'-ne-bal-izm. n.s. The char- 
acter of a cannibal. Burke. 

CANNIBALLY, kan'-ne-bal-le. ad. In the manner 
of a cannibal. Shakspeare. 

CANNIPERS, kan'-ne-piirz. n. s. See Callipers. 

CANNON S, kan'-nfin. 166. n.s. [cann on, Fr.] A 
great gun for battery. Shak. A gun larger than 
can be managed by the hand. Wit/tins. 

CANNON-BALL, kan'-nun-bawl'. ) 

CANNON-BULLET, kan'-nun-biil'-let. i n. s. 

CANNON-SHOT, kan'-nfin-shol'. ) 

The balls which are shot from great guns. Wise- 
man. 

CANNON-PROOF*, kan'-nfin-proof. n.s. Proof 
against cannon ; safe from cannon. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

CANNONING*, kan'-n&n-ing. n. s. The noise as it 
were of a cannon. Breiver. 

To CANNONADE, kan-n&n-nade'. v. a. To batter 
or attack with great guns. Taller. 

CANNONE'ER, kan-nfin-neer'. 275. n.s. The en- 
gineer that manages the cannon. Shakspeare. 

To CANNONE'ER*, kan'-ndn-neer. r. a. To fire 
upon with cannon. Burke. 

CANNOT, kan'-n&t. A word compounded of can 
and not, noting inability. Locke. 

CANO'A, ) i * m, { n. s. A boat made by cutting 

CANO'E, $ Kdn " n0 ° 7 the trunk of a tree into a 
hollow vessel. Raleigh. 

CANONS, kan'-fin. 166. n.s. [mvm:'] A rule ; a 
law. Hooker. The laws made by ecclesiastical 
councils. Aylijfe. The received books of Holy 
Scripture. Aylijfe. A dignitary in cathedral 
churches. Bacon. Canons regular. Such as are 
placed in monasteries. Aylilje. Canons secular. 
Such as were placed in collegiate churches. Wee- 
ver. An instrument used in sewing- up wounds. 
A large sort of printing letter. [In musick.] The 
name of a composition, in which the parts follow 
each other. 

CANON-BIT, kan'-fin-btt. n. s. That part of the bit 
let into the horse's mouth. Spe7tser. 

CANONESS, kan / -un-ne , s. n. s. In popish countries, 
women living after the example of secular canons. 
Auliffe. 

CANONICAL, ka-non'-e-kal. a. According to the 
canon. Constituting the canon. Hooker. Raleigh. 
Regular ; stated. Bp. Taylor. Spiritual ; ecclesi- 
astical. Aylijfe. 

CANON1CALLY, ka-non'-e-kal-le. ad. In a man- 
ner agreeable to the canon. Twisden. 
CANONlCALNESS, ka-non'-e-kal-nes. n. s. The 

quality of being canonical. Barrow. 
CANONICALS* ka-n&n'-e-kalz. n.s. The full dress 

of a clergyman. 
CANONICATE*, ka-nSn'-e-katc. n. s. The office 

of a canon. Berington. 
CANON1CK, ka-n&nMk. a. Canonical. 
CANONIST, kan'-nfin-nlst. 166. n. s. A man versed 

in the ecclesiastical laws. Camden. 
CANONFSTICK* kan'-fin-is'-tlk. a. With the 
knowledge of a canonist. Milton. 
168 



CAN 



CAP 



-116, m6ve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pdund ; — th\n, THis. 



CANONIZA TION, kan-n6-n4-za'-shfin. ». s. The 
act of declaring any man a saint ; the state of be- 
ing sainted. Hall. Addison. 
To CANONIZE, kan'-no-nlze. v. a. [cunonizer, Fr.] 

To declare any man a saint. 
CA'NONRY, kan'-fin-re. )n.s. A benefice in 

CI NONSHIP. kan'-ftn-shjp. J some cathedral or 
collegiate church. Ai/lifte. 

CA NOPIED, kan'-c-pid. 282. a. Covered with a 
canopy. Shakspeare. 

GA N©rY)$, kan'-Q-pe. n. s. [Kuviairziov.'] A cover- 
ing of stale over a throne or bed. Spenser. 
To CANOPY, kan'-6-pe. v. a. To cover with a can- 
opv. Shakspeare. 

CANO'ROUS, kd-no'-rOs. 512. a. [canorus, Lat.] 
Musical. Brown. 

CANO'ROUSNESS*, ka-nd'-rfis-nes. n.s. Musical- 
ness. Scott. 

CANT§, kant. n. s. [cantus, Lat.] A corrupt dialect 
used by beggars and vagabonds. A form of speak- 
ing peculiar to some class of men. Drydeii.' A 
whining pretension to goodness in affected terms. 
Drifden. Barbarous jargon. Auction, [incanto, 
Ital.] Swift. 

CANT*, kant. n. s. [kant, Dutch.] An angle 5 a cor- 
ner. B. Jonson. 

To CANT, kant. v. n. To talk in the jargon of par- 
ticular professions, or in any kind of affected lan- 
guage. Glanville. 

To CANT*, kant. v. a. To sell by auction. Swift. 
To bid a price at an auction. Swift. 

CANTA>TA,yhi-\ki-&. 77. n.s. [Ital.] A song, 
intermixed with recitatives and airs. 

CANTE'EN*, kan-teen'. n. s. A vessel of tin, used 
for carrying liquors to supply soldiers in camp. 
Chambers. 

CANTA'TION, kan-ta'-shfin. n. s. [canto, Lat.] The 
act of singing. Cockeram. 

CA'NTER, kan'-tfir. n.s. A term of reproach for 
livpocrites. B. Jonson. 

CA'NTER*, kan'-tfir. n. s. An abbreviation of Can- 
terbury. See Canterbury Gallop. Sampson. ! 

To CANTER*, kan'-tfir. v. n. To gallop easily or 
genii v. 

CANTERBURY BELLS. See Belflower. 

CANTERBURY GALLOP, kan'-tfir-ber-re-gal'- 
l&p. n. s. The gallop of a horse, commonly called a 
canttr; said to be derived from the pilgrims riding 
to Canterbury on easy ambling horses. 

CANTERBURY TALE*, kan'-tfir-ber-re-tale. n. s. 
Any fabulous narrative, adopted from the Canter- 
buni Tales of Chaucer. 

CANT HA' RIDES, kan-tfiar'-e-dez. n.s. plural 
[Kavdaph-] Spanish flies. Bacon. 

CA'NTHUS, kan'-tfifis. n. s. [Lat.] The corner of 
the eve. Quincy. 

CANTICLE, kan'-te-kl. n.s. [canto, Lat.] A song. 
Bacon. A division of a poem ; a canto. Spenser. 

CANTILPVERS, kan-te-liv'-firz. n. s. Pieces of 
wood framed into the front or sides of a house, to 
sustain the moulding over it. Moxon. 

CANTINGLY*, kant'-fng-le. ad. In a canting man- 
ner. Trial of Mr. Whitfield's Spirit. 

CA'NTION, kan'-sh&n. n.s. Song 3 verses. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

CA'NTLE§, kan'-tl. n. s. [kant, Dutch.] A fragment; 
a portion. Skelton. Shakspeare. 

To CANTLE, kan'-tl. v. a. To cut in pieces. Dry- 
den.. 

CANTLET, kanf-let. n. s. A piece. Dryden. 

CANTO, kan'-to. n. s. [Ital.] A book, or section, of 
a poem. The treble part of a musical composi- 
tion. 

CANTON $,kan'-tfin. n.s. [contain, old Fr.] A small 
parcel of iand. Davies. A small community, or 
clan. Bacon. [In heraldry.] The canton is that which 
occupies only a corner of the shield. 

To CA'NTON, kan'-tfin. v. a. To divide into little 
parts. Locke. 

To CANTONIZE, kan'-tfin-lze. v. a. To parcel out 
into small divisions. Davies. 

CANTONMENT*, kan'-tfin-ment. n. s. [Fr.] That 



distinct situation, which soldiers occupy, when 
quartered in different parts of a town. Burke. 

CANTRED, kan'-trfd. n. s. A hundred. Da- 
vies. 

CANTY* k'anMe. a. Cheerful ; talkative. 

CANVASS §, kan'-vas. n.s. [cannabis, Lat.] A kind 
of linen cloth for sails, painting cloths, tents. Sid- 
ney. The act of siihng voices, previously to 
voting : [from canvass, as it signifies a sieve.] 
Bacon. 

To CANVASS, kan'-vas. v. n. To sift ; to examine. 
Shakspea?-e. To debate. L' Estrange. 

To CANVASS, kan'-vas. v.n. To solicit votes. 
Bacon. 

CANVASS : CL1MBER*, kan'-vas-kll-mfir. n. s. 
He who climbs the mast to furl or unfurl the sail cl- 
ean v ass. Shakspeare. 

CANVASSER*, kiin'-vas-fir. n. s. He who solicits 
votes. Burke. 

CAN Y, ka'-ne. a. Full of canes. Consisting of canes 
Milton. 

CANZONET, Un-zo-net'. n. s. [canzonetta, Ital.] A 
little song. Peacham. 

CAP§, kap. n. s. [cap, Welsh.] The garment that cov- 
ers the head. Shak. The ensign of the cardinalate. 
Shak. The topmost. Shak. A reverence made by 
uncovering the head. Shak. A vessel made like 
a cap. Wilkins. — Cap of a great gun. A piece of 
lead laid over the touch-hole, to preserve the 
prime. Cap of maintenance. One of the regalia 
carried before the king at the coronation. 

To GAP, kap. v. a. To cover on the top. Derham. 
To deprive of the cap. Spenser. — To cap verses 
To name alternately verses beginning with a par- 
ticular letter ; to name alternately in contest. Dry- 
den. Hudibras. 

To CAP*, kap. v. n. To uncover the head, by way 
of salutation. Shakspeare. 

CAP ape. KiUA xi S [ Fr -] From liead to foot: 

CAP aptt.\ Ka P" A a 'P e • { all over. Shakspeare. 

CAP-PAPER, kap'-pa-pfir. n. s. A sort x>f coarse 



brownish paper. Boyle 
~'ATY, ' 

Shakspeare, 



CAPABFL1 



ka-pa-bil'-e-te. 



Capacity. 



CA'PABLE$,ka/-pa-bl. [See Incapable.] a. [Fr] 
Sufficient to contain. Locke. Endued with suffi- 
cient powers. Bacon. Intelligent. Shak. Intel- 
lectually capacious. Digby. Susceptible. Prior. 
Qualified for ; without any natural impediment. 
Tillotson. Qualified for; without legal impedi- 
ment. Shak. Hollow. Not in use. Sliak. 

CATABLENESS, ka'-pa-bl-nes. n. s. The quality 
or state of being capable. Killingbcck. 

To CAPA'CIFY*, ka-pas'-e-fl. v. a. To qualify. 
Barrow. 

CAPA'CIOUS$,ka-pa'-shfis. a. [capax, Lat.] Wide, 
large. Thomson. Extensive. 

CAPACIOUSLY*, ka-p&'-shfis-le. ad. In a wide or 
capacious manner. 

CAPA'CIOUSNESS, ka-pa'-shfis-nes. n.s. The 
power of holding or receiving. Holder. 

To CAPA'CITATE, ka-pas'-e-tate. v. a. To make 
capable. Dryden. 

CAPACITA'TIQN*, ka-pas-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. Capa- 
bility. 

CAPA'CITY, ka-p£s'-e-te. 511. n. s. The power of 
holding or containing. Shak. Room; space. 
Boule. The power of the mind. Hooker. Power 1 
ability. Blackmore. State ; condition. South. 

CAPA'RISON §, ka-par'-e-sfin. 170, 443. n. s. [ca- 
paraxon, Span.] A cover for a horse, spread over 
his furniture. Milton. 

To CAPA'RISON, ka-par'-e-sfin. v. a. To dress ir, 
caparisons. Dryden. To dress pompously. Sliak. 

CA'PCASE*, kap'-kase. n. s. A covered case. Bur- 
ion. 

CAPE §, kape. ??. s. [cape, Fr.] Headland ; promon- 
tory. Shak. The neck-piece of a cloak. Bacon. 

CATERS, ka'-pfir. 98. n. s. [caper, Lat.] A goat; a 
leap; a jump. Shakspeare. 

CATER, ka'-pfir. n. s. [Kdmrapu.] An acid pickle. 
Floyer. 

169 



CAP 



CAP 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, mSt;— pine, pin: 



DA'PER-BUSH, ka'-pfir-bush. n. s. The plant on 

which the caper grows. Miller. 
CATER-CUTTING*,ka'-pur-kut'-tlng. a. Dane- 
ing in a frolicksome manner. Beaum. and Fletclier. 
To CATER, ka'-p&r. v. n. To dance frolicksomely. 
Sliak. To skip for merriment. Sliak. To dance. 
Rowe. 
CATERER, ka'-pur-r&r. 555. n. s. A dancer. Dryd. 
CAPIAS, ka'-pe-us. 88. n. s. [Lat.] A writ of two 
sorts, one before judgement, the other of execution 
after judgement. Cornel. 
CAPILLA'CEOUS,kap-pll-la'-sh&s. a. Capillary. 
CAPILLAFRE*, kap-plt-lare'. n. s. [Fr.] A syrop 

extracted from maidenhair. 
CA1TLLAMENT, ka.-pll'-la-me'nt. n.s. [capillamen- 
turn, Lat.] Small threads or hairs which grow up 
in the middle of a flower. Bp. Berkeley. 
CA'PILLARY$, kap'-pll-la-re. [See Papillary.] 
a. [capillus, Lat.] Resembling hairs ; small ; mi- 
nute. Quincy. Applied to vessels of the body. 
Small : as the ramifications of the arteries. Ar- 
buthnot. 
CAPILLARY*, kap'-pil-la-re. n. a. A small plant ; or 

a small blood vessel. Bp. Berkeley. 
CAPILLA'TION, kap-pll-la'-shfin. n. s. A blood 

vessel like a hair. Brown. 
CATITALS, kap'-e-tal. 88. a. [capitalis, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the head. Milton. Criminal. Shak. That 
which affects life. Bacon. Chief; principal. Spen- 
ser. Metropolitan. Milton. Applied to letters : 
large ; such as are written at the beginnings or 
heads of books. Bp. Taylor. Capital stock. The 
principal or original stock of a trader, or company. 
CA'PiTAL, kap'-e-tal. n. s. The upper part of a pil- 
lar. Addison. The chief city of a nation. Bos-well. 
The stock with which a tradesman enters upon 
business. A large letter. 
CAPITALIST*, kap'-e-tal-lst. n. s. He who possesses 

a capital fund. Burke. 
CA'PITALLY, kap'-e-tal-le. ad. In a capital man- 
ner. Bp. Patrick. 
CA PIT ALNESS*, kap'-e-tal-nes. n. s. A capital of- 
fence. Sherwood. 
CAPITATION, kap-£-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Numeration by 
heads. Brown. Taxation on each individual. 
Guthrie. 
CA'PITE, kap'-e-te. n. s. A tenure which holdeth 

immediately of the king. Cowel. 
CAT1TOL*, kap'-e-t6l. n. s. [capitolium., Lat] The 

temple of Jupiter Capitolinus at Rome. Slwtk. 
CAPI'TULAR$, ka-pltsh'-u-lar. 88, 463. n.s. [capit- 
ulum, Lat.] The statutes of a chapter. Bp. Taylor. 
A member of a chapter. Aylijfe. 
CAPI'TUL ARLY*, ka-pltsh'-u-lar-le. ad. In the form 

of an ecclesiastical chapter. Swift. 
CAPITULARY*, ka-pltsh'-u-la-re. a. Relating to 

the chapter of a cathedral. Wartcn. 
To CAPITULATE §, ka-pitsh'-u-late. 91. v. n. To 
draw up in heads or articles ; to confederate. 
Shak. To yield on certain stipulations. Hay ward. 
CAPITULATION, ka-pltsh-u-la'-sh&n. n. s. Stipu- 
lation. Hale. Reduction into heads. Instructions 
for Oratory. 
CAPITULATORY ka-pltsh'-u-la-tfir. n. s. He who 

capitulates. Sherwood. 
CATITULE*, kap'-e-tule. n. s. A summary. Wic- 

lilfe. Ob. T. 
CA'PI'Vl TREE, ka-pe'-ve-tre. n.s. [copaiba, Lat.] 
A tree which grows in the Spanish West Indies, 
yielding a balsam. Miller. 
CA'PNOMANCY*,kap'-n6-man-se. n.s. [ K anv6g and 
Itavreia.] Divination by the flying of smoke. Spen- 
ser. 
To CAPO'CH, ka-pootsh'. v. a. Uncertain, perhaps 

to strip off the hood. Hudibras. 
CAPON, ka'-pn. 405, 170. n. s. [capun, Sax.] A 

castrated cock. Gay. 
To CATON*, ka'-pn. v. a. To castrate ; as, to cas- 
trate a cock. Birch. 
CAPONNIERE, kap-p6n-neer'. n.s. [Fr.] A cov- 
ered lodgement, of about four or five feet broad, 
encompassed with a little parapet. Harris. 



CAPO'T, ka-pot'. n.s. [Fr.] Is when one party wins 

all the tricks of cards at the game of piquet. 
CAPO'UCH, ka-pootsh'. n.s. \capuce, Fr.] A monk's 

hood. Shelton. 
CATPER, kap'-p&r. n. s. One who makes or sells 

caps. Ricaut. 

CAPRE'OLATE,ka-pre'-6-late. a. [capreolus, Lat.] 

Such plants as turn, wind, and creep along the 

ground, by means of their tendrils. Harris. 

CAPRFCE§, ka-preese', or kap'-reese. ) n. s. [ca- 

CAPRICHIO, ka-pre'-tshe-c, \ pice, Fr.] 

Freak; fancy. Sliakspeare. 
05 s " The first manner of pronouncing this word [caprice] 
is the most established ; but the second does not want 
its patrons. Thus Dr. Young, in his Love of Fame .• 
" 'Tis true great fortunes some great men confer ; 
" But often, ev'n in doing right, they err : 
" From caprice, not from choice, their favours come ; 
" They give, but think it toil to know to whom." W 

CAPRFCIOUS, ka-prlsh'-us. a. Whimsical ; fanci- 
ful. Shakspeare. 

CAPRFCIOUSLY, ka-pilsh'-fis-le. ad. Whimsical- 
ly. B. Jonson. 

CAPRI'CIOUSNESS, ka-prlsh'-fis-nes. n.s. Ca- 

Xrice, whimsicalness. Swift. 
TR1CORN, kap'-pre-kdrn. n. s. [Lat.] One of 
the signs of the zodiack ; the winter solstice. Notes 
to Creech's Manilius. 

CAPRIFICATION*, kap-re-fe-ka'-shfin. n.*. A 
method of ripening the fruits of fig-trees. Bruce. 

CA'PRIFOLE*, kap'-re-f6le. n. s. [caprifolium, Lat.] 
Woodbine. Spenser. 

CAPRIOLE, kap-re-ole'. n. s. [Fr.] Caprioles are 
leaps, such as a horse makes in one and the same 
place, without advancing forwards. A dance. Sir 
J. Dairies. 

CA'PSICUM* kap'-se-kum. n.s. Guinea pepper. 
Chambers. 

CATSTAN, kap'-stan. n.s. [cabestan, Fr.] A cylin- 
der, to wind up any great weight. Raleigh. 

CATSULE*, kap'-shule. 452. n. s. [capsula, Lat.] A 
cell in plants for the reception of seeds. Burke. 

CA'PSULAR, kap'-shu-lar. 452. ) a. Hollow like a 

CA'PSULARY, kap'-shu-lar-e. $ chest. Brown. 

CA'PSULATE, kap'-shu-late. £ a. Enclosed, 

CA'PSULATED, kap'-shu-la-ted. $ or in a box 
Brown. 

C A'PTAIN§, kap'-tln. 208. n.s. [capiiain, Fr.] A 
chief commander. Josh. v. The chief of any num- 
ber of men. Numbers, ii. A man skilled in war. 
The commander of a company in a regiment. 
Shak. The chief commander of a ship. Arouihnot. 

— Captain General. The commander in chief. Shak. 
Captain Lieutenant. The commanding officer of 
the colonel's troop in every regiment. 

CATTAIN*, kap'-tln. a. Chief; valiant. Shak. 

CA'PTAINRY, kap'-tln-re. n.s. The chieftainship. 

CATTAINSHIP, kap'-tln-shlp. n. s. The post of a 

chief commander. Shak. The post of a captain. 

Wolion. The chieftainship of a clan. Davies. 
CAPTATION, kap-ta'-shun.ra.s. [captation, old Fr.] 

Courtship ; flattery. King Charles. 
CA'PTION, kap'-shfin. n. s. [capio, Lat.] The act of 

taking any person by a judicial process, by some 

trick or cavil. Chi/fingwoiih. 
CA'PTIOUS$, kap'-shus. 314. a. [captiosus, Lat.] 

Given to cavils. Locke. Insidious ; ensnaring 

Bacon. 
CATTIOUSLY, kap'-sh&s-le. ad. In a captious 

manner. Locke. 
CA'PTIOUSNESS, kap'-shfis-nes. n. s. Inclination 

to find fault. Abp. Cranmer. 
To CA'PTIVATE, kap'-te-vate. v. a. [captivo, Lat.] 

To take prisoner. Shak. To charm. Addison. To 

enslave. Locke. 
CA'PTWATE*, kap'-te-vate. a. Made prisoner. 

Shakspeare. 
CAPTIVA'TION, kap-te-va'-sh&n. n. s. The act 

of taking one captive. Bp. Hall. 
CA'PTIVE §, kap'-tlv. 140. n. s. One taken in war. 

Shakspeare. One charmed by beauty. Shakspeare. 
170 



CAR 



CAR 



-n6, move, ndr, not; — tube, tftb, bull; — 611; — pound; — </iin, Tuis. 



CAPTIVE, kap'-tlv. a. Made prisoner. Dryden. 
To CA PTFvE, kap'-tlv. v. a. To take prisoner. 

CAprfviTY, kap-t?v'-e-te. n. s. Subjection by the 
tale of war. ShaJcspeare. Slavery. Hooker. 

CVPTOR, kap'-tfir. 166". n.s. He "that takes a pris- 
oner or a prize. 

CAPTURE, kap'-tshure. 461. n. s. The act of tak- 
ing any thing. The thing taken; a prize. 

To CAPTURE*, kap'-tshure. v. a. To take as a 
prize. 

CAPUCCIO*, ka-poot'-tshe-6. n. s. [Ital.] A cap- 
uchin or hood. Spenser. 

CAPUCHED, ka-pdotsht'. a. [capuce, Fr.] Cover- 
ed over as with a hood. Brown. 

CAPUCHIN*, kap-u-sheen'. 112. n. s. A female 
garment, consisting of a cloak and hood. A pigeon, 
whose head is covered with feathers. 

CAPUCHFN, kap-u-sheen''. n. s. [from the capuchon, 
or cowl, with which they covered their heads.] 
One of the order of St. Francis. Harmar. 

CAR. CHAR, in the names of places, seem to have 
relation to the British caer, a city. Gibson's Cam- 
den. 

CAR, kar. 78. n. 5. [cnaet, Sax.] A small carriage 
of burden. Swift. A chariot of war, or triumph. 
Shak. The Charles's wain, or Bear ; a constella- 
tion. Dryden. 

CA R ABlNE, or CA'RBINE, kar-blne'. n. s. [cara- 
bine, Fr.] A small sort of fire-arm, between the 
pistol and the musket. He who is armed with a 
carbine. Kyd. 

Jj£r> Dr. Ash, Bailey, W. Johnston, Entick, and Buchan- 
an, accent carabine on the last syllable, and Dr. John- 
son and Mr. Perry on the first ; while Mr. Sheridan, Dr. 
Ash, Buchanan, Dr. Johnson, and Bailey, accent car- 
bine on the first ; but Mr. Scott, Entick, Perry, and 
Kenrick, more properly on the last. The reason is, that 
if we accent carbine on the first syllable, the last 
ought, according to analogy, to have the i short : but as 
the i is always long, the accent ought to be on the last 
syllable. 140. W. 

CARABINE'ER, kar-be-neei-/. n. s. A sort of light 
horse carrying carabines. Chambers. 

CA'RACK,'kar'-ak. n. s. [caraca, Span.] A large 
ship of burden. Rakish. 

CA RACOLE, kar'-a-k'6le. n. s. [caracole, Fr.] An 
oblique tread, traced out in semi-rounds. Farrier's 
Diet. 

To CARACOLE, kar'-a-kble. v. n. To move in 
caracoles. 

CARAT, ) , * , », ( n. s. [carat, Fr.] A weight of 

CA'RACT, \ kar " at> ? fourgrains. Sir T.Herbert. A 
manner of expressing the fineness of gold. An ounce 
is divided into twenty-four caracls, and each caract 
into four grains : if to the finest of gold be put two 
caracts of alloy, both making, when cold, but an 
ounce, or twenty-four caracts, then this gold is said 
to be twenty-two caracts fine. Cocker. The value 
of any thing. B. Jonson. 

CARAVA'Nl ), kar-a-van'. 524. n. s. [Arabick.] A 
troop of merchants or pilgrims, as they travel in 
the east. Milton. 

CARAVA'NSARY, kar-a-van'-sa-re. n. s. A house 
built in the eastern countries for travellers. Sped. 

CA'RAVEL, kar'-a-vel. ) n. s. [caravela, Span.] A 

CA'RVEL, kar'-vel. \ ^ °f ship, with a 
square poop, formerly used in Spain. Robertson. 

CA'RAW AY, kar'-a-wa. a. s. [carum, Lat.] A plant. 
Miller. 

CA'RBON*, kar'-bon. n. s. [carbo, Lat.] [In chym- 
istry.] A simple body, black, sonorous, and brittle ; 
obtained from various substances, generally by 
volatilizing their other constituent parts. Parkinson. 

CARBONACEOUS*, kar-bo-na'-shus. a. Contain- 
ing carbon. Kirwan. 
CARBONA'DO$, kar-bo-na'-d6. 92, 77. n. s. [car- 
bonade, Fr.] Meat cut across to be broiled upon the 
coals. Shakspeare. 
To CARBONA'DO, kar-bb-na'-do. . [See Lumba- 
go.] v. a. To cut, or hack. Shakspeare. 
CARBO'NICK*, kar-bon'-ik. a. Relating to carbon. 
Kirwan. 



CA'RBUNCLE $, kai^-bangk-kl. 405. n. s. [carlnm 
cuius, Lat.] A jewel shining in the dark. Shak. 
A round, hard, and painful tumour, which soon 
mortifies. Bacon. 

CA'RBUNCLED, kar'-bfingk-kld. 362. a. Set with 
carbuncles. Shak. Spotted; deformed with car- 
buncles. 

CARBU NCULAR, kar-bung'-ku-lfir. a. Belonging 
to a carbuncle. 

CARBUNCULA'TION, klr-bfing-ku-la'-shun. n. s. 
The blasting of young buds of trees or plants. 
Harris. 

CA'RCANET, kar'-ka-net. n. s. [carcan, Fr.] A 
chain or collar of jewels. Sliakspeare. 

CA'RCASS, kar'-kas. 92. n. s. [carcasse, Fr.] A 
dead body of any animal. Spenser. Body ; in a 
ludicrous sense. Shak. The decayed parts of any 
thing. Sliak. The main parts, naked, without 
completion. Hale. [In gunnery.] A kind of bomb. 
Harris. 

CA'RCELAGE, kar'-se-lfdje. 90. n. s. [career, Lat.] 
Prison fees. Did. 

CA'RCERAL*, kar'-se-ral. a Belonging to a prison. 

CARCINOMA, kar-se-n6'-ma. n. s. [kuokTvos.] A 
particular ulcer ; also a disorder in the horny coat 
of the eye. Quincy. 

CARCINOMATOUS, kar-se-n&m'-a-tfis. a. Can- 
cerous. 

CARD §, kard. 92. n. s. [carte, Fr.] A paper paint- 
ed with figures, used in games of chance. Shak. 
The paper on which the winds are marked for the 
mariner's compass. Spenser. The instrument with 
which wool is combed. 

To CARD, klrd. v. a. To comb. Dryden. To 
mingle together. Bacon. To disentangle. Shelton 
I To CARD, kard. v. n. To game. 
i CARD-TABLE*, kard'-ta-bl. n. s. The table appro- 
priated to those who play at cards. Bp. Berkeley. 

CA RD AMINE*, kar'-da-mlne. 148. n. s. [KapSajtivti.] 
The plant lady's-smock. 

CARDAMO'MUM. [This word is commonly pro- 
nounced kar'-da-mum. W.] n. s. [KapSdnwjiov.] A 
medicinal seed, of the aromatick kind, brought 
from the Ea^t Indies. Clmmbers. 
J CA'RDER, kar'-dur. 98. n. s. One that cards wool. 
Shak. One that plays much at cards. Wolton. 

CARDPACAL, kar-dl'4-kal. ) a. UapSia.] Cordial. 

CA'RDIACK. kar'-de-ak. ( Bp. Berkeley. 

CA'RDIALGY, kar'-de-al-je. n. s. The heart-burn. 
Quincy. 

CARDINALS, kar'-de-nal. 88. a. [cardinalis, Lat.] 
Principal; chief. Brown. 

CA'RDINAL, kar'-de-nal. n. s. One of the chief 
governours of the Romish church. Shak. The name 
of a woman's cloak ; red or scarlet, such as cardi 
nals wear. 

CARDPNAL'S FLOWER, n.s. A flower. Miller. 

CA'RDINALATE, kar'-de-na-late. ) n. s. The of- 

CA'RDINALSHIP, kar'-de-nal-ship. \ fice of a 
cardinal. Bp. Hall. 

To CA'RDINALIZE*, ka^-de-nal-lze. v. a. To 
make a cardinal. Sheldon. 

CA'RDING*, kard'-mg. n. s. The act of playing at 
cards. 

CARDIO'lD*, kar-de-flld'. n. s. An algebraick 
curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart. 
Chambers. 

CA'RDMAKER, kard'-ma-kor. n, s. A maker of 
cards. Shakspeare. 

CA RDMATCH, kard'-matsh. n. s. A match made 
by dipping pieces of card in melted sulphur. Ad- 
dison. 

CARDO'ON*. kar-d&on'. n. s. [cardo, Span.] A 

I species of wild artichoke. Chambers. 

CA'RDUUS BENEDICT US, kar / -du-us-b£n-e- 

j dlk'-tus. n. s. The herb called blessed thistle. 
Shakspeare. 

CARE§, kare. n. s. [cap, cape, SaxJ Solicitude. 

Dnjden. Caution. Shak. Regard. TiUotson, The 

object of care. Sliakspeare. 

To CARE, kare. t\ n. To be anxious, Sidney. To 

be inclined. Waller. To be affected with. Sliak 

171 



CAR 



CAR 



(O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t 5 — pine, pin ; — 



359. 



Broken 



CARE-CRAZED, kare'-krazd 
with care. Shakspeare. 

CARE-DEFYING*, kare'-de-fl'-ing. a. Bidding de- 
fiance to care. Shenstone. 

CARE-TUNED*, kare'-tund. a. Tuned by care 5 
mournful. Shakspeare. 

CARE- WOUNDED*, kare'-wSSnd-eU [See 
Wound.] a. Wounded with care. May. 

CA'RECT* kar'-ekt. ?i.s. A charm. See Charact. 

To CARE'EN, ka-reen'. v. a. [carina; Fr.] To lay 
a vessel on one side, in order to refit or trim the 
other side. Cliambers. 

To CARE'EN, ka-reen'. v.n. To be in the state of 
careening-. 

CARF/ERS, ka-reer 7 . n. s. [carriere, Fr.] The 
ground on which a race is run. Sidney. A course ; 
a race. Shah. Height of speed. Wilkins. Course 
of action. Shakspeare. 

To CARE'ER, ka-reer 7 . v.. n. To run with swift 
motion. Milton. 

CAREFUL, kare'-ful. a. Anxious. Spenser. Provi- 
dent. 2 Kings. Watchful. Ray. Subject to per- 
turbations. Sliakspeare. 

CAREFULLY, kare'-ful-le. ad. In a manner that 
shows care. Collier. Heedfully. S/ialcspeare. Prov- 
idently ; cautiously. 

CAREFULNESS, kare'-ful-nes. n. s. Vigilance. 

Knolles. 
CA'RELESS, kare'-l^s. a. Having no care. Spen- 
ser. Cheerful ; undisturbed. Pope. Unheeded ; 
thoughtless. Pope. Unmoved by. Beanm. and Fl. 
Contrived without art. Bp. Taylor. 
CARELESSLY, kare'-les-le. ad. Negligently. 



Heedless- 



ipenser. 



CARELESSNESS, kare'-les-nes. 
ness. Shakspeare. 

CARENTANE*, n. s. [quarantaine, Fr.] A papal 
indulgence, multiplying the remission of penance 
by forties. Bp. Taylor. 

To CARE'SS §, ka-reV. v. a. [caresser, Fr.] To en- 
dear ; to fondle. South. 

CARETS, ka-reV. n. s. An act of endearment. 
Milton. 

CA'RET, ka'-ret. n. s. [Lat.] A not", which shows 
where something interlined should be read. 

CA'RGASON, kar'-ga-son. n. s. [cargaqon, Span.] 
A cargo. Howell. 

CA'RGO, kar'-go. n. s. [cargue, Fr.] The lading of 
a ship. Burnet. 

CARlATIDESf, ka-re-at'-e-dez. See Cary- 
atides. 

CARICAT U RE §*, kar-Sk-a-tare'. 461. n. s. [ca- 
ricatura, Ital.] A ridiculous representation of a 
person or circumstance, without loss of the resem- 
blance. Brown. 

To CARICATURE*, kar-ik-a-ture'. v. a. To rid- ! 
icule. Lord Lytfelton. 

CARICATU'RtST*, kar-lk-a-tu'-rfst. 463. n. s. He 
who caricatures persons or things. 

CA'RICOUS Tumour, kar'-e-kus-ta'-mar. [carica, 
Lat.] A swelling in the fonn of a fig. 

CA'RIES, ka'-re-lz. 99. n. s. [Lat.] That rottenness 
which is peculiar to a bone. Wiseman. 

CARINATED Leaf*, [carina, Lat.] A leaf, of 
which the back resembles the keel of a ship. 
Chambers. 

CARIOSITY, ka-re-os'-e-te. n. s. Rottenness 
Wiseman. 

CARIOUS, ka'-re-fis. 314. a. Rotten. Wiseman. 

CARK, kark. n. s. [cane, Sax.] Care 5 anxiety. 
Sidney. Ob. J. 

To CARK. kark. v.n. To be careful. Sidney. 

CARK1NG* kark'-lng. n.s. Care 5 anxiety. Decay 
of Piety. 

CARLE, karl. n. s. [ceonl, Sax.] A mean, rude, 
rough, brutal man. Spenser. ■ 

CARLE, karl. n. s. A kind of hemp. Tusser. 

To CARLE*, karl. v. n. To act like a carle. Bur- 
ion. 

CARLINE THISTLE, kar-llne-r/aV-sl. n. s. [car- 
Una, LatJ A plant. Miller. 

CA'RLINGS, karM'ingz. n. s. Timbers of a ship 



on which the ledges rest, and the planks of the 
deck are made fast. Harris. 

CA'RLISH* kar'-Hsh. a. Churlish 3 rude Marriage 
of Sir Gawaine. 

CA'RLISHNESS*, klr'-lish-nes. n. s. Churlishness. 
Huloet. 

CARLOT*, kar'-lfit. n.s. A countryman. Shak. 

CA'RMAN, kar'-man. 88. n. s. A man who drives 
cars. Gay. 

CARME*, karm. ) n. s. [from 

CARMELITE*, kar'-me-llte. 156. \ Mount Car- 
mel.~\ A Carmelite or white friar. Chaucer. 

CA'RMELIN*, kar'-me-lm. ) a. Belonging to the 

CARMELITE, kar'-me-llte. , order of Carmel- 
ites. Weever. 

CARMELITE, kar'-me-llte. n. s. A sort of pear. 

CARMI'NATIVE,kar-mln'-a-tiv. 157. n.s. [supposed 
to be so called, as having the power of a charm.] 
Medicines to dispel wind. Arbuthnot. 

CA'RMINE, kar-mlne'. n. s. A bright red or crim- 
son colour, used by painters. Chambers. 

JCr" Dr. Johnson, Sheridan, Ash, and Smith, accent this 
word on the first syllable ; but Mr. Nares, Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Scott, Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, more properly 
on the last : — for the reason, see Carbine. W. 

CA'RNAGE, kar'-nldje. 90. n. s. [carnage, Fr.] 

Slaughter. Hayward. Heaps of flesh. Milton. 
CA'RNAL§, kar'-nal. 88. a. [carnalis, low Lat.] 

Fleshly; not spiritual. Milton. Lustful. Shale. 
CARNAL-MINDED*, kar'-nal-mind'-eU a. World- 
ly-minded. More. 
CARNAL-MINDEDNESS*,kai'-nal-mlnd'-e'd-n£s. 
• n.s. Crossness of mind. Ellis. 
CA'RNALIST*. kV-nal-fst. n. s. One given to car- 
nality. Burton. 
CARNALITE*, kar'-nal-lte. n. s. A worldly-mind- 
ed man. Anderson. 
CARNALITY, kar-nal'-e-te. n. s. Fleshly lust. 

Feltham. Grossness of mind. Milton. 
To CARNALIZE*, kar'-nal-lze. v. a. To debase 

to carnality. Scott. 
C ARN ALLY, kar'-nal-le. ad. According to the flesh. 

Hooker. Libidinously. Levit. xviii. 
CARNATION, kar-na'-shun. n s. The name of 
the natural flesh colour; the name of a flower. 
Pope. 
CARNATIONED*, kar-na'-shfind. a. Coloured like 

the carnation. Lovelace. 
CARNE'LION, kar-nele'-yan. 113. n. s. A precious 

stone. Woodward. 
CARNEOUS, kar'-ne-ds. a. Fleshy. 
CA'RNEY*. kar'-ne. n. s. A disease in horses, 
wherein their mouths become so furred that they 
cannot, eat. Chambers. 
CARNIFICATION* kar-ne-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. The 

making of, or turning to, flesh. Chambers. 
To CA'RNIFY, kar'-ne-fl. v. n. To breed flesh. 

Hale. 
CARNIVAL, kar'-ne-val. n. s. [carnavale, Ital.] 
The feast held in the popish countries before Lent 
Decay of Piety. 
CARNI'VOROUS, kar-iuV-vo-rfl.s. 518. a. [carms 

and voro, Lat.] Flesh-eating Ray. 
CARNO'SITY, kar-nos'-se-te. n. s. Fleshy excres- 
cence. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CA'RNOUS, kar'-nfis. 314. u. Fleshy. Brown. 
CA'ROB, [or St. John's Bread.] ka'-r6b. A tree very 

common in Spain. Miller. 
CARO'CHE, ka-r6tsh'. n. s. [carrozza, Ital.l A 

coach, a carriag-e of pleasure. Burton. Ob. J. 
CAROCHED*, ka-r6tsht'. part a. Placed in a coach. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CA'ROL §, kar'-rul. 166. n. s. [carola, Ital.] A song 
of joy and exultation. Spenser. A songol devotion. 
Shakspeare. A song in general. Shakspeare. 
To CAROL, kar'-ral. v. n. To sing ; to warble. 

Spenser. 
To CAROL, kar'-ral. v. a. To celebrate in song. 

Milton. 
CAROLING*, kar'-rol-Ing. n. s. A hymn or song 
of devotion. Spenser. 

172 



CAR 



CAR 



— 116, move, ndr, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 ;— pdund ; — th'm, thjs. 



( A ROT1D, ka-rdt'-M. a. Two arteries, which arise 

oal of the ascending trunk of the aorta. Rat/. 
CAROTIDAL*, ka-rot'-e-dal. a. Carotid. Smith, 
CAROUSAL, ka-rdiV-zal. 88. n. s. A festival. 

7V> CAROUSES, ka-r6uV. v. n. [carouaser, Fr.] 
To drink ; to quaff. Shakspeare. 

V ROUSE, ka-rMz'. v. a. To drink lavishly. 

Shakspeare. 

CAROUSE. ka-r6uz . n. s. A drinking match. Pope. 
A heartvdose of liquor. Dairies. 

CAROUSER, ka-rou'-zflr. 98. n. s. A drinker. 
Granville 1 . 

CARP. karp. n. s. [carpe, Fr.] A pond fish. Hale. 
To CARP §, karp. v. n. [cai-po, Lat.] To censure 5 
to cavil. Chaucer. 

To CARP*, karp. v. a. To blame. Abp. Cranmer. 

CARPENTER, kari-pen-tOr. 98. n. s. [charpenticr, 
Fr.] An artificer in wood ; a builder of houses, and 
ships. Fairfax. 

CA'RPENTRY, kar'-pen-tre. n, s. The trade or art 
of a carpenter. Moxon. 

CA'RPEK.kar-pnr. 98. n. 5. A caviller. Shak. 

CARPET §. kar-plt. 99. n. s. [karpet., Dutch.] A cov- 
ering of various colours, spread upon floors. Shale. 
Ground variegated with flowers, and level and 
smooth. Shale. Any thing variegated. Raij. A 
slate of ease and luxury. Shale. — To be on the car- 
pet, is to be the subject of consideration. 

To CA'RPET, kar'-pit. v. a. To spread with car- 
pets. Bacon. 

CA RPET-WALK*, kar'-plt-wawk. ) n. s. A green 

CARPET-WAY*, kari-plt-wa. \ way; a 

wav on the turf. Evelyn. 

CA RPING. kari-pmg. 410. part. a. Captious ; cen- 
sorious. Granville. 

C A' RPING*, kari-plng. n.s. Cavil ; censure ; abuse 
Leslie. 

CA'RPINGLY, kari-ping-le. ad. Captiously. Cam- 
den. 

CA RPjNIEALS, karp'-meelz. n.s. A kind of coarse 
cloth made in the north of England. 

CA'RPUS, kar'-pus. n.s. [Lat.] The wrist. Wise- 
mttn. 

CA'RRACK. See Carack. 

CA RRAT. See Carat. 

CA'RRAWAY. See Caraway. 

CA'RRIABLE* kar'-re-a-bl. a. That which may be 
carried. Sherwood. 

CARRIAGE, kari-r?dje. 90. n. s. [cariage, Fr.] The 
act of carrying. Bacon. Conquest; acquisition. 
Knolles. Vehicle. Walts. The frame upon which 
cannon is carried. Knolles. Behaviour. Bacon. 
Conduct ; measures. Shale. Management. Bacon. 
That which is carried. Sjienser. 

CA'RRIER, kar'-re-ftr. n. s. One who carries. Ba- 
con. One whose trade is to carry goods. Pierce. 
A messenger. The name of a species of pigeons 
that fly with letters tied to their necks, which they 
carry to the place where they were bred, however 
remote. Walton. 

CA'RRION §, kar'-re-nn. 166. n. s. [caroigne. old Fr.] 
The carcass of something not proper for food! 
Spenser. Flesh so corrupted as not to be fit for 
food. Dryden. A name of reproach for a worth- 
less woman. Shakspeare. 

CA'RRION, kar'-re-im. a. Relating to or feeding 
upon carcasses. Shakspeare. 

CA|RRONADE* kari-rtin-ade. n. s. A very short 
piece of iron ordnance, originally made at Carron 
in Scotland. James. 

CA'RROT$, kari-rut. 166. [carote, Fr.] An esculent 
root. Mortimer. 

CA'RROTY, kar'-rfit-e. n.s. Spoken of red hair; 
in colour like carrots. 

C ARROWS, kar'-roze. n. s. [An Irish word.] A 
kind of people that wander up and down to gentle- 
men's houses, living only upon cards and dice. 
Spenser. 

To CA'RRY $, kar'-re. v. a. [clmrier. Fr.] To con- 
vey from a place. Psalm xlix. To transport. Marie 
vi To bear ; to have about one. Wiseman. To take; 



to have with one. Locke. To convey by force. 
Shak. To effect any thing. Bacon. To gain in 
competition. Shak. To gain after resistance. 
Shak. To gain with, that is, to prevail. Shale. 
To bear out; to face through. L' Estrange. To 
continue external appearance. Shak. To manage; 
to transact. Addison. To behave; to conduct. 
Bacon. To bring forward. Locke. To urge. South. 
To bear; to have. Hale. To exhibit; to show. 
Addison. To imply. Locke. To contain. Watts 
To have annexed. South. To convey or bear any 
thing united or adhering, by communication of 
motion. Bacon. To move in a certain direction. 
Addison. To push on ideas, or any thing succes- 
sive in a train. Hale. To receive. Bacon. To 
support. Bacon. To bear, as trees. Bacon. To 
fetch and bring, as dogs. Ascham. — To carry away 
[In naval language.] To loose. Byron. To earn? 
coals. To bear injuries. Whiclicot. To carry oJ~. 
To kill. Temple. To carry on. To promote. 
Addison. To continue. Sprat. To prosecute. 
Temple. To carry out. To put into amazement. 
Sir J. Davies. To carry through. To support. 
Hammond. 

To CA'RRY, kar'-re. v. n. To convey ; to transport : 
a phrase from gunnery or archery ; as, the cannon 
carried well. Shakspeare. 

CA'RRY*, kar'-re. n. s. The motion of the clouds. 

CA'RRY-TALE, kar'-re-tale. n. s. A tale-bearer 
Shakspeare. 

CART$, kart. 92. n.s. [ensefc, cnafc, Sax.] A car- 
riage in general. Temple. A wheel carriage, used 
for luggage. Dryden. A small carriage with two 
wheels, used by husbandmen. Sidney. The 
vehicle in which criminals are carried to execution. 
Prior. 

To CART, kart. v. a. To expose in a eart by way 
of punishment. Beaumont and Flei eher . To place 
in a cart. Dryden. 

To CART, kart. v. n. To nse carts for carriage. 
Mortimer. 

CART-HORSE, kart'-horse. n. s. A horse fit only 
for the cart. Knolles. 

CART- JADE, kart'-jade. n. 

CART-LOAD, kart'-lode. n. 
to load a cart. Boi/le. 



. A vile horse. Sidney, 
?. A quantity sufficient 



CART-ROPE, kart'-rope. n. s. A strong cord used 

to fasten the load oiTthe carnage. 
CART- WAY, kart'-wa. n. s. A way through which 

a carriage mav conveniently travel. Mortimer. 
CA'RTAGE*, kart'-idje. n. s. The employment of a 

cart. 
CARTE BLANCHE, kart-blansh'. [Fr.] A 

blank paper, to be filled up with such conditions as 

the person to whom it is sent thinks proper. 
CARTELS, kar-teT. n. s. [cartel, Fr.J A writing- 
containing stipulations between enemies. Addison. 

A letter of defiance ; a challenge to a due}. Daniel. 

A ship commissioned to exchange the prisoners of 

hostile powers. Cliambers. 
To CA RTEL*, kar'-tel. v. a. To defv. B. Jonsan. 
CA'RTER, kart'-ur. 98. n. s. The man who drives a 

cart. Shaksjieare. 
CA'RTERLY* kar'-tur-le. ad. Rude, like a cartel 

Cotsrave. 
CARTE'SIAN*. kar-te'-zhe-an. a Relating to the 

philosophy of Des Cartes. Smith. 
CARTESIAN*, kar-te'-zhe-an. n. s. A follower of 

the Cartesian philosophv. Reid. 
CARTHUSIAN*, kar-*/uV-shfin. n. s. A monk of the 

Chartreux. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CARTHU'SIAN*, kar-tfm'-shon. a. Relating to the 

order of monks so called. Cluimbers. The name 

of kermes mineral. Chambers. 
CA'RT1LAGE$, kari-te-tfdje. 90. n. s. [carlilago, 

Lat.] A smooth and solid body, softer than a bone, 

but harder than a lierament. Arbuthnot. 
CARTILAGI'NEOtTS, kar'-te-la-j?n'-vOF. 113. ) 
CARTILA'GINOUS, kar-te-ladje'-e-nfis. 314. $ a * 

Consisting of cartilages. Ray. 
CARTO'ON, kar-i6dn'. n. s. [cartone, Ital ] A paint 
ing or drawing upon large paper. Watts. 
173 



CAS 



CAS 



(ET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ;— 



CARTO'UCH, kar-tootsh'. n. s. [cartouche, Fr.] A 
oase of wood, girt round with marline, and holding 
musket balls, &c. and fired out of a mortar. Harris. 
A portable box for cartridges. A roll [like a scroll 
of paper] adorning the cornice of a pillar. Coles. 

CA'RTRAGE, > t a^ lA « p qn 5 »•*• Acaseofpa- 

CA'RTRIDGE, \ kar/ " tr,d J e - 9a \ per filled with 
gunpowder, used in charging guns. Dryden. 

CA'RTRUT, kart'-rftt. n. s. The track made by a 
■cart wheel. 

CA'RTULARY, kar'-tshu-la-re. 461. n. s. [cartu- 
laire, Fr.] A register ; a record. Weever. An ec- 
clesiastical officer, who had the care of the records. 

CA'RT WRIGHT, kart'-rlte. n. s. A maker of carts. 
Camden. 

CA'RUCATE*, kar'-u-kate. n. s. [caruca, Lat.] A 
plough-land. As much land as one team can 
plough in the year, KeUuxm. 

CA'RUNCLES, kar'-unk-kl. 405. n. s. [caruncula, 
Lat.] A small protuberance of flesh. Wiseman. 

CARU'NCULATED*, ka-run'-ku-la-teU a. Having 
a protuberance, British Birds. 

CARVE*, karv. n. s. A carucate. Sir J. Ware. 

To CARVE §, karv. v. a. [ceoppan, Sax.] To cut 
matter into elegant forms. Wisdom. To cut meat 
at the table. To make any thing by carving or 
cutting. Dryden. To engrave. Sliak. To dis- 
tribute. South. To cut; to hew. Spenser. 

To CARVE, karv. v. n. To exercise the trade of a 
sculptor. 

CA/RVEL, kar'-vel n. s. See Caravel. A small 
ship. Raleigh. 

C A'RVEL*, kar'-vel. n. s. The urtica marina, or sea- 
blubber. Sir T. Herbert. 

CA'RVER, kar'-vur. 98. n. s. A sculptor. Dryden,. 
fie that cuts up the meat at the table. Dryden. A 
distributor. Shakspeare. 

CA'RVING, kar'-vtng. 410. n. s. Sculpture. Temple. 

CAR YA> TES, ka-re-a'-tez. ) n. s. [from Ca- 

CARYA' TIDES, kk-rb£l>-h-dbz.<> rya, a city 
taken by the Greeks, who led away the women 
captives; and, to perpetuate their shame, repre- 
sented them in buildings as charged with burdens.] 
An order of columns or pilasters under the figures 
of women, dressed in long robes, serving to support 
entablatures. Cfiambers. 

CASCA'DE, kas-kade', n. s. [cascade, Fr.] A cata- 
ract; a waterfall. Brown. 

CASES, kase. n. s. [caisse, Fr.] A box; a sheath. 
Shak. The cover, or skin, of an animal. Shale. 
The outer part of a building. Addison. A build- 
ing unfurnished, Wotton. 

CASE-KNIFE, kase'-nlfe. n. s. A large kitchen 
knife, Addison. 

CASE-SHOT, kase'-sh&t n. s. Bullets enclosed in a 
ease. Clarendon. 

CASE?, kase. n.s. [casus, Lat.] Condition. Spenser. 
State of things. Bacon. State of the body. Bacon. 
History of a disease. State of a legal question. 
Bacon. — In case, is lusty, or fat. Sluxlc. Contin- 
gence ; possible event Tillotson. Question relat- 
ing to particular persons or things. Sidney. Rep- 
resentation of any fact or question. The variation 
-of nouns. Clarke. Incase. If. Hooker. 
To CASE, kase- v. a. To put in a case. Sliak. To 
cover as a case. Sluik. To cover on the outside 
with materials different from the inside. Arbuthnot. 
To strip oft* the skin. Shakspeare. 
To CASE, kase. v. n. To put cases. V Estrange. 
To CASEHA'RDEN, kase'-har-dn. v. a. To harden 
on the outside. Moxon. 

CA'SEMATE, kase'-mate. n.s. [casamatta, Ital.] [In 
fortification.] A subterraneous or covered arch- 
work, B. Jonson. The well with its several sub- 
terraneous branches, dug in the passage of the 
bastion. Harris. 
CA'SEMENT, kaze'-ment. n.s. [casamento, Ital.] A 

window opening upon hinges. SlwJcspeare. 
CA'SEOUS, ka'-se-us. a. [caseus, Lat.] Resembling 

cheese, Floyer. 
CA'SERN.kaZ-sern. n. s. [caserne, Fr.] A little room 
or lodgement between the rampart and the houses 



of fortified towns, as lodgings for the soldiers of the 
garrison. Wraxhall. 

CA'SE WORM, kase'-wurm. n. s. A grub that makes 
itself a case. Floyer. 

CASH?, kash. n. s. [caisse, Fr.] Money; properly, 
ready money. Milton. 

CA'SH-KEEPER, kash'-keep-ur. n. s. A man en 
trusted with the money. Arbuthnot. 

To CASH*, kash. v. a. To cash a bill, i. e. to give 
money for it. 

To CASH$*, kash. v. a. [casser, Fr.] To discard. Sir 
A. Gorges. 

CA'SHEWNUT, ka-sh6d'-nut. n. s. A tree that 
bears nuts, not with shells, but husks. Miller. 

CASHFER, ka-sheer'. 275. n. s. He that has charge 
of the money. Decker. 

To CASHFER, ka-sheer'. v. a. [casser, Fr.] To dis- 
card. Sluikspeare. To annul; to vacate. South. 

CA'SHOO*, kash'-od. n. s. The gum or juice of a 
tree in the East Indies. 

CA'SING*, ka'-slng. n. s. The covering of any thing 
In Northumberland, dried cow-dung. Waterland. 

CASK§, kask. n. s. [casque, Fr.] A barrel. Harvey. 

To CASK*, kask. v. a. To put into a cask. 

CASK, kask. ) n.s. A helmet; armour for 

CA'SQUET, kas'-kit. ] the head. 

CA'SKET, kas'-klt. 99. n. s. A small box for jewels. 
Shakspeare. 

To CA'SKET, kaV-ldt. v. a. To put into a casket. 
Shakspeare. 

To CASS*, kas. v. a. To annul. Raleigh. 

CASSAMUNATR, kas-sa-mu-nare'. n. s. An aro- 
matick vegetable, brought from the east. 

To CA'SSATE, kas'-sate. 91. v. a. [cassare, low 
Lat.] To vacate ; to invalidate. Ray. 

CASSATION, kas-sa'-shfln. n. s. A making null. 
Diet. 

CA'SSAVT, kas'-sa-ve. > n. s. An American plant. 

CA'SSADA, kas'-sa-da. \ Miller. 

CA'SSAWARE. See Cassiowary. 

CA'SSIA, kash'-she-a. n. s. A sweet spice used in 
the composition of the holy oil. Psalm xlv. 

CA'SSIA, kash'-she-a. n. s. The name of a tree. 
Miller. 

CA'SSIDONY, kas'-se-do-ne. n. s. -The name of a 
plant, 

CASSINO*, kas-se'-n^. n. <s. A game at cards. 

CA'SSIOWARY, kash'-she-6-wa-re. n. s. A large 
bird of prey in the East Indies. Locke. 

CA'SSOCK, kas'-sfik. 166. n. s. [cosaque, Fr.] For- 
merly part of the dress of a soldier ; his loose out- 
ward coat. Sliak. Part of the dress of a clergy 
man. Bp. Taylor. 

CA'SSWEED, kas'-weed. n. s. A weed called shep 
herd's pouch. 

To CAST §, kast. 79. v. a. preter. cast ; part. pass. 
cast, [kaster, Danish.] To throw with the hand. 
Raleigh. To throw away as useless or noxious 
Matthew. To throw, as from an engine. Chron. 
To scatter by the hand. Deut. To force by vio- 
lence. Exodus. To shed. Malachi. To throw 
from a high place. Shak. To throw as a net or 
snare. 1 Cor. To drop; or let fall. Acts. To 
throw lots. Joshua. To throw, in wrestling. Shak. 
To. throw, as worthless. Chron. To drive by vio- 
lence of weather. Acts. To emit. Woodward. 
To bring suddenly. Hooker. To build by throwing 
up earth. Spenser. To put into or out of any state. 
Mattheio. To condemn in a criminal trial. Donne. 
To defeat in a law-suit. Camden. To defeat. Hu- 
dibras. To cashier. Sliak. To leave behind in a 
race. Dryden. To shed ; to let fall ; to lay aside ; 
to moult. Fairfax. To lay aside. Dryden. To 
have abortions. Gen. To make to preponderate. 
Brown. To compute. Foxe. To contrive. Tem- 
ple. To judge. Shak. To fix the parts in a play. 
Addison. To glance ; to direct. Spenser. To 
found ; to form by running in a mould. Waller 
To melt metal into figures. Prior. To model. 
Burnet. To communicate by emanation. Dryden. 
To yield, or give up. South. To inflict, or throw. 
Locke. — To cast aside. To dismiss as useless. 
U4 



CAS 



CAT 



—116, move, nor, ndt ;— tube, tub, ball ; — d?l ;— pdfind ;— thin, THis. 



Shak. To cast away. To shipwreck. Raleigh. 
To lavish. Raleigh. To ruin. Hooker. To cast 
back. To put behind. Milton. To cast by. To re- 
ject. Shak. To cast down. Tc deject. Shak. To 
td forth. To emit. Hosea. To eject. JNehem. 
To cast off. To discard. Shak. To reject. Locke. 
To disburden one's self of. Spenser. To leave 
behind. IS Estrange. To cast off. [Hunting term.] 
To let go ; as, to cast off the dogs. To cast out. 
To reject. Shak. To vent ; to speak. Addison. 
To cast up. To compute. Temple. To vomit. 
LviaJi. To cast upon. To refer to. South. 
To CAST, kast. 92. v. n. To contrive ; to turn the 
thoughts. Spenser. To admit of a form, by cast- 
ing. Woodicard. To warp. Moxon. To vomit. 
\ilcliffe.-To cast about. To contrive. Bentley. To 
turn aDout. Jeremiah. 
CAST, kast. n. s. The act of casting. Waller. The 
thing thrown. Dryden. State ol any thing cast. 
Bp. Bramhall. Manner of throwing. Mortimer. 
The space through which any thing is thrown. 
St. Luke. A stroke ; a touch." South. Motion of 
the eye. Bacon. The throw of dice. Shak. Ven- 
ture from throwing dice. Spenser. A mould ; a 
form. Prior. A shade. Woodicard. Exteriour 
appearance. Sliak. Manner; air; mien. Pope. 
A flight. Sidney. A breed ; a race. Bryant. A 
trick. Martin. The act of casting metal. Shak. 
CASTANET, kasMa-net. n. s. [castaneta, Span.] A 
small shell of ivory, or hard wood, which dancers 
rattle in their hands. Congreve. 
CA'STAWAY, kast'-a-wa. n. s. A person lost, or 

abandoned by Providence. Hooker. 
CA ST AW AY, kast'-a-wa. a. Useless. Raleigh. 
CA STED, kast'-ed. The participle preterit of cast, 

but improperly. Shakspeare. 
CA'STELLAN^kas'-tel-lan. n.s. [castellan, Span.] 
The captain governour, or constable of a castle. 
Blount. 
CASTELLANY, kas'-tel-la-ne. n.s. The lordship 

belonging to a casUe. KeUiam. 
CA STELLATED, kas'-tel-la-led. a. Adorned with 

turrets and battlements, like a castle. 
CASTELLA'TION*, kas-tel-la'-shun. n. s. The act 
of fortifying a house and rendering it a castle. 
Ob. T 
CA'STER, kas'-tur. n. s. A thrower. Pope. A cal- 
culator. Addison. 
CASTER*, kas'-tur. n. s. A small wheel, the axis 
of which is fixed to a swivel, that it may move 
more easiW in anv direction. 
CASTIFICA TION* kas'-te-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [cas- 

tus and facio, Lat.] Chastity. Bp. Taylor. 
To CA'ST1GATE§, kas'-te-gate. 91. v. a. [castigo, 

LaL] To chastise. Shakspeare. 
CASTIGA TION, kas-te-ga'-shun. n. s. Penance. 
Shak. Punishment. Boyle. Emendation. Hale. 
CASTIGATOR*, kas-te-ga'-tur. n. s. He who 

makes an emendation or correction. Barnevelt. 
CA'STIGATORY, kas'-te-ga-tur-e. 511 a. Punitive, 

in order to amendment. Bramhall. 
CA'STING*, kasi-lng. n. s. The act of throwing. 

Hnloet. Contrivance. Wotton. 
CA STING-NET, kas'-tlng-net. n. s. A net to be 

thrown into the water. May. 
CA'STLE$, kas'-sl. 472. n.s. [castelhtm, Lat.] A 

strong house, fortified. Shakspeare. 
CASTLES in tlve^Air. Projects without reality. 

Raleigh. 
CASTLE-BUILDER*, kas'-sl-blld'-ur. n.s. A fan- 
ciful projector. Student. 
CASTLE-BUILDING* kas'-sl-blld'-lng. n. s. The 

science of aerial architecture. Student. 
CA'STLE-CROWNED*, kas'-sl-krS&nd. a. Crown- 
ed or topped with a castle. Mirror for Magis- 
trates. 
CA'STLE-SOAP, kas'-sl-sope. n. s. [from Castile 

soapJX A kind of soap. Addison. 
CA STLED, kas'-sld. 405, 472. a. Furnished with 

castles. Dryden. 
CA'STLEGUARD*, kas'-sl-gard. n. s. One of the 
feudal tenures. Ld. Lyttelton. 



CASTLERY*, or CA'STELRY*, kas'-tl-re. n. 9. 

The government of a castle. Blount. 
CA'STLET*, kast'-Iet. n. s. A small castle. Leland. 
CA/STLEWARD, kas'-tl-ward. n. s. An imposition 
for maintenance of such as watch and ward the 
castle. Cowel. 
CA'STLING, kast'-llng. n. s. An abortive, Brcnen. 
CA'STOR, or CHESTER, are derived from the 

Sax. ceaftep, a city, town, or castle. Gibson. 
CA'STOR, kas'-tur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] A beaver. Dry- 
den. A fine hat made of the fur of a beaver. 
CASTOR Oil*. An oil extracted from the Palma 

Christi, in the West Indies. 
CA'S TOR and POLL UX. A fiery meteor, which 
appears sometimes sticking to a part of the ship, in 
form of balls. Chambers. 
CASTOREUM, kas-t6'-re-&m. n.s. The inguinal 

gland of the beaver. 
CA'STOR Y*, kas'-to-re. n.s. Probably the oil drawn 

from castoreum. Spenser. 
CASTRAMETATION, kas-tra-me-ta'-snfin. n.s. 
[from castra metor, Lat.] The art or practice of 
forming an encampment. Warton. 
To CASTRATES, kas'-trate. v. a. [castro, Lat.] To 
geld. Bp. Morton. To take away any part of a 
publication. 
CASTRATION, kas-tra'-shiin. n. s. The operation 

of gelding. Sharp. 
CA'STERIL, or CA'STREL, kas'-trfl. 99. n. s. A 

kind of hawk. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CASTRE NSIAN, kas-tren'-she-an. a. Belonging to 

a camp. Diet. 
CA'SUAL§, kazh'-u-al.451,453.a. [casuel, Fr.] Ac 

cidental. Davies. 
CA'SUALLY^azh'-u-al-le.oi. Accidentally. SJiak 
CA'SU ALNESS, kazh'-u-al-ngs. n.s. Accidentalness 
CASUALTY, kazh'-u-al-te. n.s. Accident. Raleigh 
Chance that produces unnatural death. Shakspeare. 
CA'SUIST^kazh'-u-ist. n.s. [casuiste,Fr] One that 

studies and settles cases of conscience. South. 
To CA'SUIST*, kazh'-u-ist. v.n. To play the casu- 
ist. Milton. 
CASUFSTICAL, kazh-u-Is'-te-kal. a. Relating to 

cases of conscience. South. 
CA'SUISTRY, kazh'-u-is-tre. n. s. The science of a 

casuist. Pope. 
CAT§, kat. n.s. [cat, Sax.] A domeslick animal, 
reckoned by naturalists the lowest order of the leo- 
nine species. Shakspeare. 
CAT, kat. n. s. A sort of ship. Bryant. 
CAT*, kat. n. s. A double trivet or tripod, having six 

feet. 
CAT in the pan, is, when that which a man says to 
another, he says it as if another had said it to him. 
Bacon. 
CAT o' nine tails, kat-a-nine'-talz. 88. A whip with 

nine lashes. Vanbrugh. 
CAT'S-PAW*, kats'-paw. n.s. The dupe of a flat 

terer, or artful person. 
CAT-EYED*, kat'-lde. a. Having eyes like a cat. 

Dryden. 
CATABATTIST*, kat-a-bap'-dst. n.s. [Kara and 

(lairritu).] An opponent of baptism. Feattey. 
CATACHRE'SIS, kat-a-kre'-sfs. 520. n.s. [ K ard- 
;$»7ffjj.] [In rhetor ick.] The abuse of a trope. Smulx. 
CATACHRE'STICAL, kat-a-kres'-te-kal. a. Con- 
trary to proper use ; forced. Brown. 
CATACHRE'STICALLY* kat-a-kreV-te-kal-le. 

ad. In a forced manner. Evelyn. 
CATACLYSM, kat'-a-ktfzm. n. s. [*aTa*Ai5o>/o f .] A 

deluge. Hale. 
CATACOMBS, kat'-a-komz. n.s. [/car* and ku^os.] 
Subterraneous cavities for the burial of the dead. 
Addison. 
CATACOU'STICKS* kat-a-k6as'-t?ks. n.s. pi 
[<coT<z and ukovo).] The science of reflected sounds 
or echoes. Cfiambers. 
CATADIO'PTRICAL* kat-a-de-opMre-kal. I „ 
CATADIOTTRICK*, kat-a-df opMrfk. $ a ' 

[Kara and <5ioirro^ai.] Reflecting light. 
CATADUPE*, kat'-a-dupe. n. s. [koto, and 3<Wg>.] 
A cataract ; a water-fall. Brewer. 
175 



CAT 



CAT 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin;— 



CATAGMA'TICK, kat-ag-mat'-ik. a. [Karay^a.] 
The quality of consolidating the parts. Wiseman. 

CA'TAGRAPH*, k&t'-a-graf. n.s. [KaTaypafcv.] 
The first draught of a picture. Coles. Profile. 
Chambers. 

CATALE'CTICK*, kat-a-leV-tik. a. [Kara and 
\tywl Relating to metrical measure. Tyrwhitt. 

CATALE'PSY* kat-a-lep'-se. »• *• [icard^ms.] A 
lighter species of the apoplexy, or epilepsy. Ar- 
buthnol. 

To CA'TALOGIZE*, kat'-a-lfi-jlze. v.a. To putj 
into a catalogue. Coles. 

CATALOGUE $, kat'-a-]6g. 338. n. s. [Kard\oyos •] | 
An enumeration of particulars ; a list. Sliakspeare. 

To CA 'TALOGUE*, kat'-a-l6g. v.a. To make a list 
of. Sir J. Harington. 

CATALYSIS*, ka-tal'-e-sis. n.s. [ K aTd\vms.] Dis- 
solution. Bp. Taylor. 

CATAMARAN* ka-tam'-a-ran. n.s. [In naval lan- 
guage.] A float so called. 

CA TAME'NIA*, kat-a-me'-ne-a. n.s. The menses ; 
the monthly courses. 

CATAMOUNT AIN, kat-a-m6un'-tin. n.s. [gato- 
montes, Span.] A fierce animal resembling a cat. 
Bale. 

CA'TAPASM*. kat'-a-pazm. n. s. A mixture of pow- 
ders to be sprinkled medicinally on the body. 

CATAPHO'NICKS*, kat-a-fon'-iks. 508. n. s. pi. 

[Kara and 0wv^J The doctrine of reflected sounds. 

CATAPHRACT, kat'-a-frakt. n.s. [KardcppaKros.] 

A horseman in complete armour. Milton. 
CATAPLASM, kat'-a-plazm. n.s. [/card^ac-pa.] A 

Joultice. Sliakspeare. 
'TAPUCE*, kat'-a-pfise. n.s. [Fr.] The herb 
spurge. Chaucer. 

CATAPULT, kat'-a-pfilt.489.n..s. [catapulta, Lat.] 
An engine used anciently to throw stones. Camden. 

CATARACT, k&t'-a-rakt. n.s. [KarapdKT V .] A fall 
of water from on high ; a cascade. Sliakspeare. 

CA'TARACT, kat'-a-rakt. n.s. A dimness or loss 
of sight, produced by an opaque body situated be- 
hind the pupil. Bacon. 

CATARRH $, ka-tar / . n. s. [ K aTap'pi<o.) A defluxion 
of a sharp serum from the glands about the head 
and throat. Milton. 

CATARRHAL, ka-tar'-ral. ; a. Relating to a ca 

CATA'RRHOUS, ka-tar'-rfis. \ tarrh. Flayer. 

CATASTROPHE, ka-tas'-tr6-fe. n.s. [Gr.] The 
revolution which produces. the final event of a dra- 
matick piece. Shak. A. final event ; generally un- 
happy. Woodward. 

CA'TCAL, kat'-kall. 406. n.s. A squeaking instru- 
ment, used in the playhouse to condemn plays. 
Spectator. 

To CATCH $, katsh. 89. v.a. preter. I catched, or 
caught ; I have catched, or caught, [ketsen, Dutch.] 
To lay hold on with the hand. 1 Sam. To stop 
any thing flying. Addison. To seize any thing by 
pursuit. Shak. To stop any thing falling. Specta- 
tor. To ensnare ; to entangle. St. Mark. To re- 
ceive suddenly. Dryden. To seize. 2 Sam. To 
seize unexpectedly. Luke. To seize eagerly. 
Pope. To please. Dryden. To receive any con- 
tagion. Shak. — To catch at. To endeavour to lay 
hold on. Addison. To catch as catch may. To 
seize indiscriminately. Beaum. and Fl. To catch 
up. To snatch. Mxlion. To catch a Tartar. To 
be caught in the trap one has laid for another. 

{gf This word is almost universally pronounced in the 
capital like the noun ketch ; but this deviation from the 
true sound of a is only tolerable in colloquial pronunci- 
ation, and ought, by correct speakers, to be avoided 
even in that. W. 

To CATCH, katsh. v.n. To be contagious. Shak. 
To lay hold suddenly. Dryden. 

CATCH, katsh. n.s. Seizure. Sidney. Watch ; the 
posture of seizing. Addison. An advantage taken. 
Bacon. The act of taking quickly from another. 
Bacon. A song sung in succession, where one 
catches it from another. Shak. Profit ; advantage. 
Shak. A snatch ; a short interval of action. 
Locke. A slight contagion. GbmvUle. Any thing 



that catches. A small, swift-sailing ship ; oftei. 
written ketch. 
CATCHABLE*, katsh'-a-bl. a. Liable to be caught 

Lord Halifax. 
CATCHER, katsh'-fir. n.s. He that catches. South 

That in which any thing is caught. Grew. 
CA'TCHFLY, katsh'-fll. n. s. A species of campion. 
CATCHPENNY*, katsh'-pen-ne. n.s. A worthless 
pamphlet, merely calculated to gain a little inonev. 
CATCHPOLL, katsh'-pole. n. s. [catch and polLl 

A sergeant ; a bumbailiff. WiclijJ'e. 
CA'TCHUP*, katsh'-fip. n. s. A poignant liquor made 

from boiled mushrooms. 
CATCHWORD, katsh'- wfird. n.s. The word at the 
corner of the page under the last line, which is re- 
peated at the top of the next page : not now much 
used by English printers. 
CATE, kate. n.s. Food; something to be eaten. 
• Toiler. 
CATECHETICAL, kat-e-ket'-e-kal. a. Consisting 

of questions and answers. 
CATECHE'TICALLY, kat-e-ket'-e-kal-e. ad. In 

the way of question and answer. 
CATECHE'TICK*, kat-e-ket'-ik. a. Catechetical. 

Fell. 
To CATECHISE §, kat'-e-kelze. 1G0. v.a. [mm- 
^f'w.] To instruct by questions and answers. Sliak- 
speare. To question ; to interrogate. Shakspeart. 
CATECHISER, kat'-e-kel-zfir. 160. n. s. One who 

catechises. Herbeii,. 
CATECHISING*, kat'-e-kel-zing. n.s. Interroga- 
tion. B. Jonson. 
CATECHISM, kat'-e-kizm. n.s. A form of instruc- 
tion by questions and answers. Hooker. 
CA'TECHIST, kat'-e-kist. n.s. One whose charge 
is to question the uninstructed concerning religion. 
Hammond. 
CATECHPSTICAL*, kat-e-kist'-e-kal. a. Instruct- 
ing by question and answer. Bp. Cosin. 
CATECHI'STICALLY*, kat-e-k?st'-e-kal-le. ad 

In a catechistical manner. South. 
CATECHU'MEN, kat-e-ku'-men. 503. n.s. One 
who is yet in the first rudiments of Christianity ; 
the lowest order of Christians in the primitive 
church. Stillingjieet. Generally one who is in the 
first rudimenls of any profession. Bolingbroke. 
CATECHU'MENIST*,kat-e-ku'-me-nist. n. s. The 

same as catechumen. Bp. Morton. 
CATEGO'RICAL, kat-e-g6r'-£-kal. a. Absolute; 

positive. Clarendon. 
CATEGORICALLY, kat-e-gor'-e-kal-e. ad. Direct- 

Iv. Fotherby. Positively. Child. 
CA'TEGORY$, kat'-e-g&r-e. n.s. [ K aT V yopia.] A 
class ; a rank ; an order of ideas ; a predicament. 
Chetjne. 
CATENARIAN, kat-e-na'-re-an. a. Relating to a 

chain. Harris. 
To CATENATE $, kat'-e-nate. v.a. [catena, Lat.] 

To chain. Diet. 
CATENATION, kat-e-na'-shfin 



s. Regular con- 
nexion. Brown. 

To CA'TER$, ka'-tfir. 98. v.n. [from cote.] To pro- 
vide food. Sliakspeare. 

CA'TER, ka'-tfir. n. s. Provider ; collector of pro- 
visions. Harmar. 

CA'TER, ka'-tfir. n.s. [quatre, Fr.] The four of 
cards and dice. 

CA'TER-COUSIN, ka'-tfir-kfiz-zn. n.s. A corruption 
of quatre-cousin, from the ridiculousness of calling 
cousin or relation to so remote a degree. Shale. 

CA'TERER, ka'-tfir-fir. n. s. One employed to buy 

X revisions for the family. B. Jonson. 
'TERESS,ka'-tfir-res. n. s. A woman employed 
to cater. 
CATERPILLAR, kat'-tfir-pil-lfir. n.s. A worm 
which devours leaves and fruits. Bacon. Any 
thing voracious. The name of a plant. 
To CA'TER WAUL, kat'-tfir-wawl. v. n. To make 
a noise as cats in rutting time. Pope. To make 
any offensive noise. Sliakspeare. 
CA'TERY*, ka'-te-re. n. s. The depository of victuals 
purchased. Kelham. 

176 



CAT 



CAU 



— n6. move, ndr, ndl ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound; — //tin, THis. 



CATES J, kites, n. s. Viands ; food. Ii. Jonsou. 
CA TFISH. kut'-fish. n. 5. A sea-fish in the West 

Indies. Philips. 
CA TGUT*, kni'-gat. n. s. A string; for musical in- 
struments, made of the intestines of animals. A 
species of linen or cam ass with wide interstices. 

CA THAR1ST*. ka//t'-a-rist.»..v. [ K adapo S .] One who 
holds himself more pure than others. Mannar. 

CA THARPIN6S, k&th -ar-pingz. n.s. Small ropes 
in a ship, used to force the shrouds t i "h t . flams. 

CATHA RT1CAL, ka-f/i«V-te-kal. >«.[/tafcpri*ds.l 

CATHARTICKt, ka-f/iar'-tik. 509. \ Purgative. 
Rook. 

CATHARTIC ALNESS, ka-r/iar'-te-kal-nes. n.s. 
Purs-ins; quality. 

CATHA in'ICKS, ka-f/iar'-tiks. n. s. Purging- med- 
icines. Garth. 

CA THEAD, kat'-hed. n. 5. A kind of fossil. Wood- 
ward. 

CA THEAD. kat'-hed. n.s. A piece of timber which 
trices up the anchor from the hawse to die top of 
the fore-castle. 

CATHEDRAL?, ka-j/ie'-dral. 88. a. . [ Ka 6icoa.'] 
Episcopal. Aylijfe. Belonging to an episcopal 
church. Locke. Resembling the aisles of a cathe- 
dral. Pope. 

C ATHE DRAL. ka-rte'-dral. 88. a.*. The head 
church of a diocess. Addison. 

CA THEDRATED*. ka/A'-e-dra-ted. a. Relating 
to the authority of the chair, or office, of a teacher. 
dock. 

CATHERINE-PEAR t, kai/i-fir-rin-pare-'. n.s. An 
inferiour kind of pear. 

CATHETER, ka/Zt'-e-iur. 98. n. s. [/caflcrfy.] A hol- 
low instrument, introduced into the bladder, to bring 
away the urine, when the passage is stopped. 
Wiseman. 

CATHOLES, kat'-holz. n. s. Two little holes astern 
above the gun-room ports of a ship. 

CATHO LK5AL* ka-i/toF-e-kal. a. General. Greg- 

To CATHOLICISE*, ka-f/iol'-e-slze. v. a. To be- 
come a calholick. 

CATHO'LICISM. ka-tfiol'-e-sizm. n.s. Adherence 
to the calholick church. Swinburne. Universality, 
or the orthodox faith of the whole church. Pearson. 

CATHOLICKS, kar/i'-o-llk. a. [ K ad6\iKog.] Univer- 
sal, or general. 

CA THOL1CK*. ka>7i'-6-llk. n.s. A papist; a Ro- 
man catholick. 

CA THOLICKLY*, kai/i'-o-lik-le. ad. Generally. 
Sir L. dry. 

CA THO[JCKNESS*,ka//r-6-lik-nes. n. s. Univer- 
sality. Brevint. 

CATHO LICON, ka-^ol'-e-kon. n.s. A universal 
medicine. Government of the Tongue. 

CATILINISM* kaf-e-lln-lzm. n. s. Conspiracy : 
from Catiline the conspirator. Cotgrave. 

CATKINS, kat'-kinz. n.s. [kattekens, Dut.] An as- 
semblage of imperfect flowers hanging from trees, 
in manner of a cat's tail. Chambers. 

CATLIKE, kat -like, a. Like a cat. Shakspeare. 

CATLING, kat'-ling. n. s. A dismembering knife, 
used bv surgeons. Catgut. Shakspeare. 

CA TMINT, kat'-mint. n. s. The name of a plant. 
Miller. 

CATO'NTAN*, ka-uV-ne-an. a. What resembles the 
manners of Cato. Grave ; severe. Did. 

CATOPTER*, ka-topMur. )n.s. [>«T07rrpov.] 

CATOPTRON*, ka-tdp'-trun. $ A kind of optick 
glass ; an optical instrument. 

CATO PTRICAL. kat-dp'-tre-kal. a. Relating to 
catoplricks. Arbuthnot. 

CATO'PTRICKS, kat-op'-lriks. n. s. That part of 
opticks which treats of vision by reflection. Burton. 

CATPIPE. kat'-plpe. n.s. A catcal. L' Estrange. 

CATS-EYE, kats'-l. n. s. A stone of a glistening 
o-rav colour. Woodward. 

CAT'S-FOOT, kats'-fftt. n.s. An herb ; ground-ivy. 

CATS-HEAD, kats'-heM. n.s. A kind of large ap- 
ple. Mortimer. 

CA'TSILVER, kat'-sll-vur. 98. n.s. A kind of fossil. 
23 



CAT'S-TAIL, kats'-tale. n.s. A long, round sub- 
stance that grows upon nut-trees, Ace. A kind of 
reed. Philips. 

CATSUP. See Catchup. 

CATTLE $, kat'-tl. 405. n. s. leasts of pasture ; not 
wild nor domestick. Shakspeare. It is used in re- 

f roach of human beings. Shakspeare. 
UDAL- , kaw'-dal. a. [cauda, Lat.] Relating to 
the tail of an animal. Russel. 

CA'UDATE*. kaw'-date. )a. Having a tail. 

CAUDATEB*, krtw-da'-ted. \ Fairfax. 

CA UDLE$, kaw'-dl. 405. n.s. [chaudeau. Fr.] A 
mixture of wine and other ingredients, given town- 
men in childbed, and sick persons. Slvxkspeare. 

To CAUDLE, kaw'-dl. v. a. To make caudle. 
Sluikspeare. 

CAUF, kawf. n. s. A chest to keep fish alive in the 
water. Philips. 

CAUGHT, kawt. 213, 393. part. pass, [from To 
cr J :h.'] 

C AUK, kawk. n. s. A coarse talky spar. Woodward. 

CAUL. kawl. n. s. The net in which women enclose 
their hair. Spenser. Any kind of small net. Grew. 
The omentum ; the integument in which the guts 
are enclosed. Rcy. The little membrane found on 
some children, encompassing the head, when born. 
B. Jonson. 

CA ULET*. kaw'-let. n. s. [ca?dus, Lat.] Colewort. 

CAULI'FEROUS, kaw-lif-fe-rus. a. Such plants as 
have a true stalk. 

CA ULIFLOWER, kol'-le-flou-ur. n. s. A species 
of cabbage. • 

To CAULK. See To C.«.k. 

To CA'UPONATE, kaw<-p6-nate. v.n. [cauponor, 
Lat.] To keep a victualling house. Diet. 

To CA UPONTSE*, kaw'-pd-nize. r. a. To sell wine 
or victuals. Warbuiion. 

CA USABLE, kaw'-za-bl. 405. a. That which may 
be caused. Brown. 

CA'USAL, kaw'-zal. a. Relating to causes. Glan- 
ville. 

CAUSALITY, kaw-zal'-e-te. n.s. The agency of a 
cause. Brown. 

CAUSALLY, kaw'-zal-le. ad. According to the or- 
der of causes. Broiai. 

CAUSATION, kaw-za'-shun. n.s. The act of caus- 
ing. Brown. 

CATJSATIVE, kaw'-za-Uv. 157. a. That expresses 
a cause or reason. Student. That eflects as an 
agent. Bacon. 

CATSATIYELY*, kaw'-za-tiv-le. ad. In a caasa- 
tive manner. Student. 

CAUSATOR, kaw-za'-tur. 521, 98. n.s. A causer. 
Brown. 

CAUSES, kawz. n. s. [causa, Lat.] That which pro- 
duces any things Hooker. The reason ; motive to 
anything-. Shak. Reason of debate. Shak. Side; 
party. Tickell. 

To CAUSE, kawz. v. a. To effect as an agent. 

To CAUSE*, kawz. v.n. To assign insufficient cause 
or reason. Spaiser. Ob. T. 

CAU'SELESS, kawz'-lfe. a. Having no cause. 
Blackmore. "Wanting just ground. Spenser. 

CA'USELESSLY, kawz'-les-le. ad. Without cause. 
Bp. Tai/lor. 

CATJSELESSNESS*, kawz'-les-nes. «.*. Unjust 
ground. Hammond. 

CA'USER. kaw'-z&r. 98. n. s. He that causes; the 
agent. Sidney. 

CA'USEY. kaw'-ze. )n.s. [chaussee, Fr.] A 

CATJSEWAY, kawz'-wa. $ way raised and pav- 
ed above the rest of the ground. "Milton. 

£5= Dr. Johnson tells us. that this word, by a fake notion 
of its etymology, has been lately written causeicay. It 
is derived from the French chaussie. In the scripture 
we find it written causey. 
" To Shuppim the lot came forth westward by the 
causey." 1 Chron. xxvi. 16. 

But Milton, Dryden, and Pope, write it causeway ; and 
these authorities seem to have fixed the pronunciation. 
This word, from its mistaken etymology, may rank with 
lantern— which see. TV. 
177 



CAV 



CEI 



U= 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat 5— me, m^t;— pine, pm;— 



CAUSFDICAL* kaw-zfd'-e-kal. a. [causidicus, 

Lat.] Relating to an advocate or pleader. 
CAUSTICAL, kaws'-t6-kal. )a. [ K avaTiKbs.~] Medi- 
CAUST1CK, kaws'-tlk. $ caments which de- 
stroy the texture of the part to which they are ap- 
plied. Wiseman. 
CAUSTFCITY* kaws-tls'-e-te. n. s. Quality of a 
caustick. Ctiambers. 

CA/USTICK, kaws'-tfk. n. s. A corroding applica- 
tion. Temple. 

CAUSTICKNESS*, kaws'-tik-nes. n. s. The quali- 
ty of being caustick. Scott. 

CA'UTEM, kawMel. n.s. [cautelle, old Fr.] Cun- 
ning 5 subtlety. Sliakspeare. Caution. Fulke. 

CA'UTELOUS, kaw'-te-l&s. a. Cautious. Wotton. 
Wily ; cunning. Spenser. 

CAUTELOUSLY, klw'-te-las-le. ad. Cunningly. 
Bacon. Cautiously. Brown. 

C AUTELOUSNESS*, kaw'-te-l&s-nes. n. s. Cau- 
tiousness. Hales. Ob. T. 

CA'UTER*, kawMfir. n. s. [Kavr/jpiov.] A searing hot 
iron. Minsheu. 

CAUTERISM*, kaw'-tur-lzm. n. s. The applica- 
tion of cautery. Ferrand. 

CAUTERIZATION, klw-tur-re-za'-shun. n. s. 
The act of burning flesh with hot irons, or caus- 
ticks. Wiseman. 

To CAUTERIZE, kaw'-t&r-ize. v. a. To burn with 
the cautery. 

CAUTERIZING*, kaw'-tur-l-zing. n. s. The act 
of burning with the cautery. Sliakspeare. 

CA'UTERY §, kaw'-tfir-re. 555. ft. s. An instrument 
or medicine for burning. Wiseman. 

CAUTION §, kaw'-shfln. n. s. [cautio, Lat.] Pru- 
dence ; foresight. Security for. Howell. Security 
against. L'Estrange. Provisionary precept. Ar- 
buthnot. Warning. 

To CAUTION, kaw'-shun. v. a. To warn. Prior. 

CA'UTIONARY, kaw'-shun-a-re. a. Given as a 
pledge. Southerne. Warning. L. Addison. 

CAPTIOUS, kaw'-shus. 292. a. Wary ; watchful. 
Swift. 

CAUTIOUSLY, kaw'-shus-le. ad. Warily. Dryden. 

CAUTIOUSNESS, kaw'-shfis-nes. n.s. Watchful- 
ness 5 vigilance. Addison. 

CAVALCADE, kav'-al-kade'. 524. n. s. [cavalcade, 
Fr.] A procession on horseback. Dryden. 

CAVALFER§, kav-a-leer'. 275. n. s. [Fr.] A horse- 
man ; a knight. Taller. A gay, sprightly, military 
man. Shak. The appellation of the party of King 
Charles the First. Swift. [In fortification.] A 
mount or elevation of earth, to lodge cannon. Hey- 
wood. 

CAVALFER, kav-a-leer'. a. Gay ; sprightly ; war- 
like. Generous j brave. Suckling. Disdainful ; 
haughty. 

CAVALFERLY, kav-a-leer'-le. ad. Haughtily. 
Warbwrton. 

CAVALFERNESS* kav-a-leer'-nes. n. s: Haughty 
or disdainful conduct. 

CAVALRY, kav'-al-re. n. s. [cavakrie, Fr.] Horse 
troops. Bacon. 

To CAVATE, ka'-vate. v. a. [cavo, Lat.] To hollow 
out. 

CAVAZION, ka-va'-zhfin. n. s. The hollowing of 
the earth for cellarage. 

CAVE §, kave. n. s. [cave, Fr.] A cavern ; a den. 
Sliakspeare. Hollow. Bacon. 

To CAVE, kave. v. n. To dwell in a cave. Shak. 

To CAVE*, kave. v. a. To make hollow. Spenser. 

CA / VEAT,ka / -ve-at.tt.s. [Lat.] An intimation given 
to some ordinary or ecclesiastical judge, that he 
ought to beware how he acts. Ayliffe. 

CA'VERN, kav'-urn. 555. n. s. [cavema, Lat.] A 
hollow place in the ground. Sliakspeare. 

CAVERNED, kav'-firnd. 362. a. Full of caverns. 
Philips. Inhabiting a cavern. Pope. 

CAVERNOUS, kav'-fir-n&s. 557. Full of caverns. 
Woodward. 

CA VE'SSON, kav'-es-sfin. 98. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of 
band put upon the nose of a horse, to' forward the 
breaking of him. Farrier's Dictionary. 



CAVIA'RE, ka-veer'. 72.5. The roe of sturgeons and 
other fish. Sir T. Herbert. 

#3= Either the spelling or the pronunciation of this word 
should be altered: we have no instance in the language 
of sounding are, ere .- the ancient spelling seems to have 
been caviare ; though Buchanan and Bailey, in com- 
pliance with the pronunciation, spell it caveer, and W. 
Johnston, cavear ; and Ash, as a less usual spelling, 
cavier .- but the Dictionary De la Crusca spells it 
caviale. W. 

CAVFER, ka-veer'. n. s. A corruption of caviare. 

ToCA'VIL^, kav'-ll. 159. v.n. [caviller, Fr.] To 
raise captious objections. Sliakspeare. 

To CA'VIL, kaV-Sl. v. a. To treat with objections. 

CA'VIL, kav 7 -?l. n. s. False or frivolous objections. 

CAVILLA/TION, kav-fl-la'-shun. n. s. The practice 
of objecting. Abp. Cranmer. 

CA'VILLER, kav'-vll-fir. n. s. A captious disputant. 
Burton. 

CAVILLING*, kav'-il-ing. n. s. Dispute: Bp. Tay- 
lor. 

CAVILLINGLY, kav'-il-lfng-le. ad. In a cavilling 
manner. Sherwood. 

CAVILLlNGNESS*, kav'-ll-mg-nes. n. s. The dis- 

Xosition to cavil. 
'VILLOUS, kav'-vll-lfis. a. Full of objections. 

Ayliffe. 
CA'VILLOUSLY*, kav'-il-us-le. ad. In a cavillous 

manner. Milton. 
CA 1 VIN, kav'-ln. n. s. [FrJ A natural hollow, fit to 

cover a body of troops. Diet. 
CANITY, kav'-e-te. 511. n. s. [cavitas, Lat.] Hol- 

lowness ; hollow place. Holder. 
To CAW, kaw. v. n. To cry as the rook, or crow 

Sliakspeare. 
CA'XON*, kaks'-fin. n. s. A cant expression for a wig. 
CA'XOU*, kaks'-du. n. s. A chest of ores of any 

metal, that has been burnt, ground, and washed, 

and is ready to be refined. 
C A' YMAN, ka'-man. 88. n. s. American alligator, or 

crocodile. 
CAZFUUE*, ka-zeek'. n. s. A title given to the petty 

kings of several countries in America. Townsend. 
To CEASE §, sese. v. n. [cesso, Lat.] To leave oft'. 

Dryden. To fail ; to be extinct. Deut. To be at 

an end. Dryden. To rest. Sprat. 
To CEASE, sese. v. a. To put a stop to. Sliakspeare. 
CEASE, sese. n. s. Extinction. Sliakspeare. 
CE'ASELESS, sese'-les. a. Incessant. Fairfax. 
CE'ASELESSLY*, sese'-les-le. ad. Perpetually. 

Donne. 
CECCHFN*, tshe.-keen'. n. s. [cechin, Fr.] Now 

written cliequin or zechin. A coin of Italy and 

Barbary. B Jonson. 
CE'CITY, seV-e-te. 503. n. s. [ccecitas, Lat.] Blind- 
ness. Brown. 
{£/= I have given the e in the first syllable of this word the 

short sound, not withstanding the diphthong in the orig- 
inal cmcitas ; being convinced of the shortening power 

of the antepenultimate accent of these words, 1-24, 511. 

and of the pre-antepenultimate accent of cenatory and 

prefatory. W. 

CPXU'TIENCY, se-ku'-she-en-se. n. s. Tendency 

to blindness. Broion. 
CE'DARS, se'-d&r. 88. n. s. [cebep, Sax.] A tree, 

the wood of which is accounted proof against the 

putrefaction of animal bodies. Shakspeare. 
CE'DARLIKE^se'-dur-llke.a. Resembling a cedar 

tree. B. Jonson. 
CET)ARN*, se'-durn. a. Belonging to the cedar tree. 

Milton. m , . 

To CEDE §*, sede. v. n. [ceder, Fr.] To submit. 

Shenstone. 
To CEDE*, sede. v. a. To resign. Drunvmond. 
CE'DRINE, se'-drlne. 140. a. Belonging to the cedar 

tree. _ , 

CE'DRY*, se'-dre. a. Of the colour of cedar. Evelyn. 
CETJULE*, sSd'-ule. n. s. [cSdule, Fr.] A scroll, or 

writing. Cotgrave. 
CE'DUOUS*, sed'-u-fis. a. [ceduus, Lat.] Fit to be 

felled. Evelyn. 
To CEIL §, sele. v. a. [ccelo, Lat.] To cover the inner 

roof of a building. 2 Chron. 
178 



CEM 



CEN 



— n6, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, ball; — dll; — pound; — thin, this. 



CF'ILING, se'-l?gg. n. 5. The inner roof. Bacon. 

The inside planks of a ship. Chambers. 
CE LAND1NE, sel'-an-dlne. 149. n. s. A plant. 

More. 
CE'LATURE, sel'-a-tshure. 461. n. s. [ccclatura, 

Lat.] The thing engraved. Hakewill. 
To CELEBRATE $, sel'-le-brate. 91. v. a. [celebro, 
Lat.] To praise. Addison. To distinguish by 
solemn rites. To mention in a set manner. Dry- 
den. 
CELEBRATION, sel-e-bra'-sh&n. n.s. Solemn per- 
formance. Sidney. Praise; renown. Clarendon. 
CE'LEBRATOR*, sel'-e-bra-tur. n. s. He who cele- 
brates. Boyle. 

CELE'BRlOUS, se-le'-bre-fis. 305. a. Famous. 
Grew. Ob. J. 

CELE BRIOUSLY, se-le'-bre-ds-le. ad. In a famous 
manner. 

CELE'BRIOUSNESS, se-Ie'-bre-us-nes. n. s. Re- 
nown. 

CELEBRITY, se-leb'-bre-te. 511. n.s. Publick and 
splendid transaction. Bacon. 

CELE'RIACK, se-le'-re-ak. n.s. A species of pars- 
ley. 

CELE'RITY, se-leV-re-te. n. s. [celeritas, Lat.] 
Swiftness. Hooker. 

CE'LERY, sel'-e-re. n. s. A species of parsley. 

CELE'STIAL$, sedes'-tshal. 272. a. [celestis, Lat.] 
Heavenly; relating to the superiour regions. Shak. 
Heavenlv; relating to the blessed state. Shak. 
Heavenly ; with respect to excellence. Dryden. 

CELESTIAL, se-les'-tshal. 464. ?i.s. An inhabitant 
of heaven. Pope. 

CELE'STIALLY, se-les'-tshal-le. ad. In a heavenly 
mauner. 

To CELE'STIFY, se-les'-te-f 1. v. a. To give some- 
thing of heavenly nature to any thing. Brown. 
Ob. J. 

CE'LESTINS*, sel'-es-tinz.rc. 5. Monks of a religious 
order, reformed by Pope Celestin V. 

CE'LIACK, se'-le-ak. a. See Cceliack. [ K oi\ia.] a. 
Relating to the belly. Arbuthnot. 

CE'LIBACY, s&'-e-ba-se. n. s. [ccclebs, Lat.] Single 
life. Spectator. 

CE'LIBATE, sel'-e-bat. 91. n. s. Single life. Bp. 
Hnll. 

CELLS, sfl.W. s- [cella, Lat.] A small cavity. Prior. 
The little habitation of a relfgious person. Shak. 
A small apartment in a prison. Jerem. Any small 
place of residence. Prior. A religious house. 
Chaucer. Little bags where fluids or matter of dif- 
ferent sorts are lodged. Quincy. 

CELLAR, sel'-l&r. 88. 71. s. [cellarium, Lat.] A place 
under ground, where stores and liquors are re- 
posited. .Peacfiam. 

CE'LLARAGE, selMur-ldje. 90. n. s. The cellars. 
Shaksjxare. 

CE'LLARER*. or CE'LLERER*, seT-lur-ttr. n. s. 
A butler. Chancer. 

CE'LLARIST, sel'-lfir-lst. 555. n. s. The butler in 
a religious house. 

CE'LLtJLAR, s&'-lu-lar. a. [cellula, Lat.] Consist- 
ing of little cells or cavities. Sharp. 

CE'LLULE*, seT-lule. n. s. A little cell. 

CF/LSITUDE, sel'-se-tude. n. s. [celsUudo, Lat.] 
Height. Chancer. 

CE'LTICISM*, sel'-te-slzm. n. s. The manner or 
custom of l he Celts. Warton. 

CE'LTICK*, sel'-tlk. a. Relating to the Celts, or 
Gauls. Milton. 

CELTS*, selts. n. s. [Celtce, Lat.J Inhabitants of 
Gaul. Warton. 

CE'MENT$, sem'-ment. 492. n. s. [cmmentum, Lat.] 
The matter with which two bodies are made to 
cohere. Sliak. Bond of union in friendship. Shak. 

To CEME'NT, se-ment'. v. a. To unite by some- 
thing interposed. Sluikspeare. 

To CEME'NT, se-ment'. v. n. To cohere. Sharp. 

CEMENTA'TION, sem-en-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of cementing. 

CEMETMTER, se-ment'-ar. n. s. That which unites. 
Locke. 



CE'METERY, sem'-me-ter-e. n. s. [ko^ V t,i P iov.] A 
place where the dead are reposited. Addison. 

CEN. and CIN, denote kinsfolk. Gibson. 

CE'NATORY,sen'-na-lur-e.505.[SeeC E ciTY.512.] 
a. [ceno, Lat.] Relating to supper. Brown. 

CENOBI'TICAL, sen-n6-blt'-£-kdl. 503. a. [koIvos 
and (lios.] Living in community. 

CE'NOBY*, sen'-o-be. n. s. The place where persons 
live in community. Sir G. Buck. 

CE'NOTAPH, sen'-A-taf. n. s. [kivos and rdcpos.] A 
monument for one buried elsewhere. 

CENSE, sense, n. s. [census, Lat.] Publick rate 
Bacon. Condition ; rank. B. Jonson. 

To CENSE §, sense, v. a. [encenser, Fr.] To perfume 
with odours. B. Jonson. 

CE'NSER, sen'-sur. 98. n. s. The vessel in which in- 
cense is burned. Peacham. Afire-pan. Shakspeare. 

CE'NSION, s3n'-shfin. n. s. A rate ; an assessment. 
Joseph Hall. 

CE'NSOR$, sen'-s6r. 166. n. s. [censor, Lat.] An 
officer of Rome, who had the power of correcting 
manners. Toiler. One who is given to censure. 
Roscommon. 

CENSO'RIAL* sen-s6'-re-al. a. Full of censure ; 
severe. Warton. 

CENSO'RIAN, sen-so'-re-an. a. Relating to the 
censor. Bacon. 

CENSO'RIOUS, sen-so'-re-fis. a. Addicted to cen- 
sure; severe. Selden. 

CENSO'RIOUSLY r , sen-s6'-re-us-le. ad. In a severe, 
reflecting manner. 

CENSO'RIOUSNESS, sen-s6'-re-u.s-nes. n. s. Dis- 
position to reproach. Bp. Taylor. 

CE'NSORLIKE*, sen'-sdr-llke. a. Censorious ; au- 
stere. Cotgrave. 

CENSORSHIP, sen'-sor-shlp. 166. n. s. The office 
of a censor. Johnson. The time in which the office 
of censor is borne. Brown. 

CE'NSUAL*, sen'-shu-al. a. Relating to the census 
or Roman register. Temple. 

CE'NSURABLE, sen'-shu-ra-bl. a: Worthy of cen- 
sure. Locke. 

CE'NSURABLENESS, sen'-shu-ra-bl-nes. n. s. 
Blamableness. Whitlock. 

CE'NSURABLY*, sen'-shu-ra-ble. ad. In a blame- 
worthy manner. 

CE'NSJJRE$, sen'-shure. 452. n. s. [censura, Lat.] 
Blame. Pope. Judgement ; opinion. Shak. Ju- 
dicial sentence. Shak. A spiritual punishment in- 
flicted by some ecclesiastical judge. Hammond. 

To CE'NSURE, sen'-shure. v. a. To blame. Milton. 
To condemn. SJiak. To estimate. Shakspeare. 

To CF/NSURE*,' sen'-shure. v. n, Te judge. Slmk. 

CE'NSURER, sen'-shur-ur. n. s. He that blames. 
Shakspeare. 

CE'NSURING*,sen'-shur-mg. n. s. Reproach. San- 
derson. 

CE'NSUS*, seV-sus. n. s. A declaration among the 
Romans, made by the several subjects, of their 
names and places of abode, before the censors. 

• Benfley. 

CENT, s&it. n. s. [pentmn, Lat.] A hundred ; as, 

five per cent, that is, five in the hundred. Pope. 

CE'NTAGE*, sent'-aje. n. s. The payment of cents. 

CE'NTAUR§, sen'-tawr. n. s. [centauries, Lat.] 

A poetical being, compounded of .a man and a 

horse. Shak. The archer in the zodiack. Thorn. 

son. 

CE'NTAURLIKE* sen'rtawr-llke. a. Having the 

appearance of a centaur. Sidney. 
CE'NTAURY. sgn'-taw-re. n, s. A plant. Dryden. 
CE'NTENARY, sen'-le-na-re. n.s. The number of a 

hundred. Hakewill. 
CENTE'NNIAL*, sen-ten'-ne-al. a. Consisting of a 

hundred years. Mason. 
CENTE'SlMAL, sen-tes'-e-mal. 88. n. s. The next 
step of progression after decimal in the arithmetick 
of fractions. Arbuthnot. 
CENTE'SLMAL*, sen-teV-e-mal. a. Hundredth. Sir 

T. Brown. 
CENTIFO'LIOUS, sen-te-fo'-le-fis. a. [centum and 

folium, Lat.] Having a hundred leaves. 
179 






CER 



CER 



Qj" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk',— pine, pin 



CENTFLOQUY*, sen-lll'^-kwe. n. s. A hundred- 
fold discourse. Burton. 

CENTFNODY*, sen-tW-6-de. n. si Knotgrass. 

CE'NTIPEDE, sen'-te-ped. n. s. [centum and pes, 
Lat.] A poisonous insect. 

ftCf" Biped and quadruped are spelled in Johnson without 
the final e, while solipedc, pal?nipede, plumipede, mul- 
tipede, and centipede, retain it. The orthography in 
this case is of importance to the pronunciation ; and 
therefore, as the words are of perfectly similar original, 
their spelling and pronunciation ought certainly to be 
alike. Biped and quadruped are the words most in use ; 
and as they have omitted the final e, which there docs 
not seem to be any reason to retain, we may infer, that 
the silent and insensible operation of custom has direct- 
ed us to do the same by the rest of the words, and 
to pronounce the last syllable short. — See Mille- 
pedes. W. 

CE'NTO, sen -to. n. s. [cento, Lai.] A composition 
formed by joining' scraps from various authors, or 
from various parts of the same author. Camden. 

CENTRAL, sen'-tral. 88. a. Relating to the centre; 
placed in the centre. 

CENTRA'LITY, sen-tral'-e-te. n. s. The state of a 
centre. More. 

CENTRALLY, sen'-iral-le. ad. With regard to the 
centre. Dryden. 

CENTRE $, sen'-tfir. 416. n. s.. [centrum, Lat.] The 
exact middle. Shakspeare. 

To CE'NTRE, sen'-tur. v. a. To place on a centre. 
Milton. To collect to a point. Prior. 

To GE'NTRE, scV-tur. v. n. To rest on. Decay of 
Piety. To be placed in the midst. Milton. To be 
collected to a point. Dn/den. 

CENTRICAL, sen'-trlk-al. ; a. Placed in the cen- 

CE'NTRICK, sen'-trfk. C ire. Donne. 

CE'NTRICALLY*, sen'-trik-al-le. ad. In a centric- 
al situation. 

CE'NTRICALNESS*, seV-trik-al-nes. n.s. A situa- 
tionplaced in the centre. 

CENTRFFUGAL, sgn-trff-u-gal. a. [centrum and 
fugio, Lat.] Ha'ving the quality acquired by bodies 
in motion, of receding from the centre. Cheyne. 

CENTRFPETAL, sgn-trlp'-e-tal. a. [centrum and 
peio, Lat.] Having a tendency to the centre ; having 
gravity. Cheyne. 

CE1NTRY, sen'-tre. n.s. A sentinel. 

CENTU* MVIRI*, shi-&m<-\k-r\.n. s. [Lat.] The 
hundred judges in the Roman republick. B. 
Jonson. 

CE'NTUPLE, sen'-tu-pl. 405. a. [centupkx, Lat.] A 
hundred fold. B. Jonson. 

To CE'NTUPLE*, sen'-tu-pl. v. a. To multiply a 
hundred fold. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To CENTU'PLICATE, sen-uV-ple-kate. v. a. To 
make a hundred fold. Howell. 

To CENTIFRIATE, sen-lu'-re-ate. v. a. To divide 
into hundreds. 

CENTUaiiATOR,sen-tu-re-a'-tur.521.«.s. An his- 
torian, who distinguishes times by centuries. Aijliffe. 

CENTURION, sen-tiV -re-un. n.s. A Roman milita- 
ry officer, who commanded a hundred men. 
Shakspeare. 

CE'NTURIST*, sen'-tshu-rlst. n.s. Centurialor. 
Sheldon. 

CE ; NTURY§, sen'-tshu-re. 461. n. s. [centuria, Lat.] 
A hundred ; usually employed • to specify time. 
Sometimes simply a hundred. Spenser. 
CEOL. An initial in the names of men, which sig- 
nifies a ship or vessel. Gibson. 
CE'PHALALGY, sef-a-lal-je. n. s. [^aXaXy/a.] 

The headache. Diet. 
CEPHAL1CK, se-falMik. 509. a. [n^t,.] That 

which is medicinal to the head. Arbuthnot. 
CERA'STES.sk-ris'-iez. n. s. Opuorfc.] A ser- 
pent having horns. Milton. 
CE'RATE, se'-rat. 91. n.s. [cerat, Fr.] A stiff un- 
guent or liniment. 
CE'RATED, se'-ra-ted. a. Covered with wax. 
To CERE, sere. v. a. [cera, Lat.] To wax. Wise- 
man. 
CERE*, sere. n. s. The naked skin that covers the 
base of the bill in the hawk kind. White. 



CEREA'LIOUS*, se-re-a'-le-us. a. [cerealis, Lat.] 

Pertaining to corn. Sir T. Brown. 
CE'REBEL, seV-e-hel 503. n. s. [cerebellum, Lat.] 

Part of the brain. Derlxam. 
CE'REBRUM*, seV-e-brum. n. s. [Lat.] The brain. 

Prior. 
CE'RECLOTH, sere'-cl&th. n.s. Cloth smeared 

over with glutinous matter. Bacon. 
CE'REMENT, sere'-ment. n.s. Cloths dipped in 

melted wax, with which dead bodies were infolded 

when embalmed. Shakspeare. 
CEREMONIAL, ser-e-md'-ne-al. a. Relating to 

ceremony; Shakspeare. Formal. Sir E. Sandys. 
CEREMONIAL, ser-e-m6'-ne-al. n. s. Outw'ard 

form; external rite. Swift. The order for rites 

in the Romish church. 
CEREMO'NIALNESS, ser-e-md'-ne-al-nes. n. s. 

Ceremonial. 
CEREMONIOUS, ser-e-m6'-ne-us. a. Consisting of 

outward rites. South. Full of ceremony. Shak. 

Attentive to outward rites. Shak. Civil ; formally 

respectful. Addison. Civil and formal to a fault. 

Sidney. 
CEREMONIOUSLY, ser-e-m6'-ne-us-le. ad. For 

mallv; respectfully. Shakspeare. 
CEREMO'NIOUSNESS, ser-e-m^-ne-us-nes. n. s. 

Addieledness to ceremony. 
CEREMONY $, seV-e-mo-ne. 489. n.s. [ceremonia, 

Lat.] Outward rite ; external form in religion. Spen 

ser. Forms of civility. Shak. Outward forms of 

state. Shakspeare. 
CE'REOUS*, se'-re-us. a. Waxen. Gayton. 
CERFNTH1ANS*, se-rln'-tfie-anz. «.s. A sect that 

took their name from Cerinthus, who maintained 

many monstrous opinions. 
CE'ROTE, se'-r&t. n. s. The same with cerate. 
CE'RRIAL*, ser'-re-al. a. Relating to the tree call- 
ed cemis. Chaucer. 
CE'RR US*, ser'-rus. n. s. [Lat.] The bitter oak. 

F. Thynne. 
CE'RTAlN§, seV-lln. 208. a. [certus, Lat.] Sure; 

indubitable. Tillotson. Resolved. Milton. Un- 

doubting. Dryden. Unfailing. Mead. Constant. 

Dryden. Regular. Exodus. Some ; as, a certain 

man told me this. Careiv. 
CE'RTAIN*, seV-tm. n. s. Quantity ; part. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 
CF/RTAINLY, ser'-tin-le. ad. Indubitably. Locke. 

Without fail. 
CE'RTAINNESS, seV-tin-nes. n. s. Certainty. 
CE'RTAINTY, seV-tin-te. n. s. Exemption from 

doubt. Locke. Exemption from failure. That which 

is real. Shakspeare. Regularity. 
CE'RTES, seV-tez. ad. Certainly. Spenser. [An 

old word.] 
CERTIFICATE, ser-tF-e-ket. 91 . n. s. A testimo- 
ny given in writing. Addison. 
To CERTIFICATE*, ser-uY-e-ket. v. a. To give 

a certificate. 
CERTIFICATION*, ser-te-fe-ka'-sh&n. n. s. An 

ascertaining of a thing. Cotgrave. 
CE'RTIFIER*, ser'-le-i'l-ur. n.s. An assurer; an as- 

certainer. Cotgrave. 
To CERTIFY, seV-t£-fl. v. a. [certifier, Fr.] To 

give certain information of. Bacon. 
CERTIORARI, ser-she-i-ra'-rl. n.s. [Lat.] A 

writ issuing out of the chancery, to call up the rec- 
ords of a cause therein depending. Cowel. 
CF/RTlTUDE,seV-te-tude.rc.s. Certainty. Dn/den. 
CE RULE*, se'-rule. a. [cceruttus, Lat.] Blue. Dyer. 
CERU'LEAIN, se-ru'-le-an. Pa. [See European.] 
CERU'LEOUS, se-ru'-le-us. S Blue. Sir T. 

Herbert. 
CERULFFICK, ser-u-llf-lk. a. Having the power 

to produce a blue colour. 
CERUMEN, se-ru'-men. [See Bitumen.] n.s. 

[Lat.] The wax of the ear. 
CE/RUSEf. se'-ruse. n s. [cerussa, Lat.] White 

lead. Quincy. A kind of white paint or wash. 

B. Jonson. 
#Cr I prefer Dr. Kenrick's, Mr. Perry's, and, a a far as I 

can guess by their accentuation, Dr. Ash's and Bailey's 
180 



CHA 



CHA 



— no, move, nor, not ;— tube, tftb, bfill ;— oil ;— pflfind ;— th\ 



pronunciation of this word, who make the first syllable 
long, to Mr. Sheridan's, Scott's, and Entick's, who make 
it short. See Principles, 529. W. 

CE'RUSED*. se'-rAste. o. Washed with the prepa- 
ration of white lead. Beaumont and Fletcher 

CERVICAL. seV-ve-kal. a.' [cervkalis. Lat.] Be- 
longing to the neck. Cheyne. 

CESA'REAN, se-za'-re-an. o. The Cesarean section 
is cutting- a child out of the womb, when it cannot 
otherwise be delivered. This, it is said, first gave 
the name of Cflesftr to the Roman family. 

CESPITl'TIOUS*, ses-pe-t?sh'-us. a. [cespes. Lat.] 
Made of turfs. Gough. 

CESS &, ses. n. s. [from cense.'] A levy upon the in- 
habitants of a place, according to their property. 
Spenser. The act of laying rates, bounds, or limits. 
Shakspeare. 

To CESS, ses. r. a. To rate. Spenser. 

To CESS. sfa. v. n. To omit a legal dutv. 

CESSATION, ses-si'-shun. n. s. [cessatio, Lat.] A 
stop ; a rest. Hay-ward: Vacation. Woodward. End 
of action.^ Arffuihnot. A pause of hostility, without 
peace. Kino; Charles. 

CESSAVIT, ses-sa'-vit. n.s. [Lat.] A writ that 
lies upon this general ground, that the person, 
against whom it is brought, hath, for two years, 
omitted to perform such service, as he is obliged 
by his tenure. Cowel. 

CESSIBFLITY. ses-se-bfl'-e-te. n.s. The quality of 
ffivrag wav. Digbu. 

CE SSI BLE, seV-se-bl. 405. a. Easy to give way. 
Digbi/. 

CE'SSION, sesh'-shfin. n. s. [cessic, Lat.] Retreat. 
Bacon. Resignation; the act of yielding- up. Tem- 
ple. A manner of vacating an ecclesiastical benefice. 

CE SSIONARY, seslf-she-6-na-re. a. A cessionary 
bankrupt is one who has delivered up all his effects. 
Martin. 

CE'SSMENT. ses'-ment. n.s. An assessment or tax. 
Diet. 

CE SSOR, ses'-sur. 98, 1G6. n.s. He that ceaseth 
or neglecteth so long to perform a duty, as to in- 
cur the danger of law. Cowel. A taxer. Sherwood. 
Spenser. 

CEST* sest. n. s. [cestus, Lat.] The girdle of a lady. 
Collins. 

CE'STUS,sk'-fis n.s. The girdle of Venus. Bp. 
Taylor. 

CE'SURE*. se'-shure. n.s. See CssItra. The 
close of a verse. B. Jonson. 

CETA'CEOUS, se-ta'-sh&s. 357. a. [ceie, Lat.] Of 
the whale kind. Brown. 

CE'TERACH*. n. s. [ceterach, Fr.] A plant; the 
scale-fern. Coigrave. 

C FA UT. A note in the scale of musick. Shak. 

CHACO'ON * tsha-koOn'. n. s. [chacona, Span.] A 
dance, like a saraband. 

CHAD, shad. n. s. A sort offish. Carew. 

To CHAFE §, tshafe. v. a. [echauffer, Fr.] To warm 
with rubbing. Sidney. To heat by rage or hurry. 
Shak. To perfume. Suckling. To make angry. 
Sluiksneare. 

To CHAFE, tshafe. v. n. To rage. Spenser. To fret 
against any thing. Shakspeare. 

CHAFE, tshafe. n.s. A heat; a rage. Camden. 

CHAFE-WAX, tshafe'-waks. n. s. An officer be- 
longing to the Lord Chancellor, who fits the wax 
for the sealing of writs. Harris. 

CHAFER, tshafe'-ur. 98. n.s. [ceapon, Sax.] An 
insect; a sort of yellow beetle. T. Warton. 

CHA'FERY, tshafe'-e-re. n. s. A forge in an iron 
mill. 

CHAFF$, tshaf. n. s. [ceap, Sax.] The husks of 

corn. Shak. Any thing worthless. Beaum. and Fl. 

To CHAFFERS, tshaf -fur. v. n. [kauffen, Germ.] 

To treat about a bargain. Wicliffe. Dryden. 
To CHA'FFER, tshaf -fur. v. a. To buy. To ex- 
change. Spenser. 

CHA'FFER*, tshaf -fur. n. s. Merchandise. Skelton. 

CHA'FFERER, tshaf-ffir-ur. n.s. A buyer. 

CHA'FFERN, tshaf -fern. n. s. A vessel for heating 
water. 



CHA'FFERY tshaf -fe-re. n. s. Traftick. Spviser. 
CHAFFINCH, tshaf -fhish. n.s. A bird, so called 

because it delights in chaff. Phillips. 
CHA'FFLESS, tshaf -les. a. Without chaff. Shak 
CHA'FFWEED, tshaf -weed. n. s. An herb ; the 

endweed. 
CHAFFY, tshaf -fe. a. Like chaff. 
CHA'FINGDISH, tsha'-fing-dlsh. n. s. A portable 

grate for coals. Bacon. 
CHAGRIN, sha-green'. n. s. [diagrin, Fr.] Ill hu- 
mour; vexation. Pope. 
To CHAGRIN, sha-green'. v. a. To vex; to put 

out of temper. 
CHAIN §, tshane. ». s. [chaine, FrJ A series of links 

fastened one within anodier. Gm. A bond; a 

manacle. Pope. A series linked together; as, of 

causes, or thoughts. Hammond. 
To CHAIN, tshane. v. a. To fasten with a chain. 

Shak. To. enslave. Prior. To keep by a chain- 

Knolles. To unite. Shakspeare. 
CHA INPUMP, tshane'-pump. n. s. A pump used 

in large English vessels, which is double, so that 

one rises as the other falls. Raleigh. 
CH AINSHOT, tshane'-shot. n. s. Two bullets or 

half bullets, fastened together by a chain. Wise- 
man. 
CHA'INWORK, tshane'-wurk. n. s. Work with 

open spaces like the links of a chain. ] Kings. 
CHAIRS, tshare. 52. n, s. [chair, Fr.] A movable 

seat. Pope. A seat of justice, or of authority. 

Shak. A vehicle borne by men ; a sedan. Pope. 

A vehicle drawn by one horse. T. Warton. 
CHAIRMAN, tshare'-man. 88. n.s. The president 

of an assembly. Watts. One whose trade it is to 

carry a sedan chair. Dryden. 
CHAISE, shaze. n. s. [chaise, Fr.] A carriage drawn 

by one or more horses. Addison. 

55° The vulgar, who are unacquainted with the spelling 
of this word, and ignorant of its French derivation, are 
apt to suppose it a plural, and call a single carriage a 
shay ; and the polite seem sometimes at a loss, whether 
they should not consider it as both singular and plural ; 
but the best usage seems to have determined it to be, in 
this respect, regular, and to make the plural chaises. W. 

CHALCEDONY*, kal'-se-drj-ne. n. s. See Cal- 

CEUONY. 

CHALCO'GRAPHER, kal-k&g'-gra-f&r. 353 n. ? 

[Ya\Koypd(pos.~\ An engraver in brass. 
CHALCOGRAPHY, kal-kog'-gra-fe. n. s. En- 

graving_in brass. 
CHALDE'E*, kal-de/. a. Relating to the language 

of Chaldea. Bp. Walton. 
CHA'LDER, tsha'-dur. ) [tshaw'-drun, 

CHA'LDRON, tsha'-drfin. 417. S- Sheridan ; 

CHA'UDRON, tsha'-drun. ) tshal'-drun, 

Perry and Jones."] 7i.s. A dry English measure 

of coals, consisting of thirty-six bushels heaped up, 

according to the sealed bushel kept at Guildhall , 

London. The chaldron should weigh two thou- 
sand pounds. Chambers. 
CHA'LICE, tshal'-k 142. n.s. [calix, Lat.] A cup 

a bowl. Shak. A cup used in acts of worship. 

Stillin e fleet. 
CHA'Ll'CED, tshal'-lk. 359. a. Having a ceil or 

cup : as a flower. Shakspeare. 
CHALK §, tshawk. 402. n. s. [cealc, Sax.] A white 

fossil, reckoned a stone, but by some ranked among- 

the boles. Chambeis. Mortiiner. 
CHALK for cJieese. An inferiour thing for what is 

good. Goicer. 
To CHALK, tshawk. v. a. To rub with chalk. Hu- 

dibras. To manure with chalk. Mot-timer, To 

mark out as with chalk. Shakspeare. 
CHALK-CUTTER, tshawk'-kut-tur. n. sv A raaa 

that digs chalk. Woodward. 
CHALK-FIT, tshawk'-plt. n.s. A pit in which ehalk 

is dug. 
CHALK-STONE*, tshawk'-stone. n. s. A smalS 

piece of chalk. Isaiah. 
CHALKY, tshawk'-ke. a. Consisting cf chalk. 

Shukspeare. Impregnated with chalk. Bacon. 
To CHALLENGE $, tshal'-lenje. v. a. [challenger, 



CHA 



CHA 



O" 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, mit;— pine, pin;- 



Fi\] To call another to answer for an offence by 
combat. Shak. To call to a contest. Dryden. To 
accuse. [In law.] To object to the impartiality of 
any one. Hale. To claim as due. Hooker. To 
call to the performance of conditions. Peacliam. 
CHA'LLENGE, tshal'-lenje. n. s. A summons to 
combat. S/iak. A demand of something - as due. 
Wicliffe. An exception taken against persons ; as, 
in assize, to the jurors, or any one of them, by the 
prisoner at the bar. Shakspeare. 
CHALLENGEABLE* tshal'-lenje-a-bl. a. That 

•inav be called to account. Sadler. 
CHALLENGER, tshal'-lgn-jor. n. s. One that de- 
fies another to combat. Shak. One that claims su- 
periority. Shak. A claimant. Hooker. 
CHALY'BEAN* ka-hV-e-an. a. Relating to steel 

well wrought or tempered. Milton. 
CHALYBEATE, ka-hV-be-St. 91. a. [chalybs, Lat.] 

Impregnated with iron or steel. Arbuthnot. . 
CHA3I*,kam.n. s. [Pers.] The sovereign prince 

of Tartary ; a lord of the Persian court. Shak. 
CHAMA'DE, sha-made'. n. s. [Fr.] The beat of 

the drum which declares a surrender. Addison. 
CHAMBERS, tshame'-bar. 542. n. s. [chambre, Fr.l 
An apartment in a house. Shak. Any retired 
room. Any cavity or hollow. Sliarp. A court of 
justice. Ayliffe. The lower part of a gun where 
the charge is lodged. A small piece of ordnance. 
Camden. The cavity where the powder is lodged 
in a mine. 

Ji^p 1 have in this word departed from Mr. Sheridan and 
Dr. Kenriek, because I think the best usage has entirely 
departed from them. About thirty years ago [i. e. about 
1770] the first syllable of chamber was universally pro- 
nounced so as to rhyme with palm, psalm, &c, but since 
that time it has been gradually Harrowing to the slender 
sound of a in came, fame, &c, and seems now to be fully 
established in this sound. This, however, is to be regret- 
ted, as it militates with the laws of syllabication : there 
are few words in the language, which we cannot so di- 
vide into parts as to show by this division the quantity of 
the vowels; this word forms an exception; for mb be- 
ing uncombinable consonants, Ave cannot end the first 
syllable with a ; and if we join ra to it, the a becomes 
short, and requires another sound. But if two such words 
as Cam and bridge could not resist the blind force of 
custom, which has for so many years reduced them to 
Camcbridge, why should we wonder that chamber 
and cambrick, Tinmouth and Yarmouth, should yield 
to the same unrelenting tyrant ? W. 

CHAMBER of London. The city of London ob- 
tained the title of Camera Regis some centuries 
since. Shakspeare. 

To CHAMBER, tshime'-bur. v. n. To be wanton. 
Niccols. 

To CHA'MBER*, tshame'-bfir. v. a. To shut up as 
in a chamber. Shakspeare. 

CHAMBER-COUNCIL*, tshame'-bur-koun'-sil. 
n. s. Private or secret council. Shakspeare. 

CHA'MBER-COUNSEL*, tshame'-bur-kaiV-sel. 
7i. s. A counsellor who delivers his private opin- 
ion, but does not plead in the court of law. 

CHAMBER-HANGING*, tshime'-bar-hang'-?ng. 
n. s. The tapestry or other furniture of a chamber. 
Shakspeare. ■ 

CH AMBER-PRACTICE*, tshame'-bur-prak'-tis . 
The practice of lawyers, who give their advice 
privately, without appearing in court. Burke. 

CHA'MBERER, tshame'-bur-fir. n. s. A man of in- 
trigue. SJiak. A chamberlain. Huloet. Chaucer. 

CHAMBERFELLOW, tshame'-bur-fel-ld. n. s. 
One that lies in the same chamber. Spectator. 

CHA'MBERING*, tshame'-bur-mg. n. s. Intrigue ; 
wantonness. Romans. 

CHA'MBERLAIN, tshame'-bfir-lm. 208. n.s. An 
officer of state. Shak. A servant who has the care 
of the chambers. Sliak. A receiver of rents and 
revenues. Romans. 

CHA MBERLAINSHIP, tshame'-bar-lfn-shlp. n. s. 
The office of a chamberlain. 

CHA'MBERMAIDjtsharne'-bfir-made.fi. s. A maid 
whose business it is to dress a lady, and wait in 
her chamber R. Jonson. 



CHA'MBLET* or CHA'MELOT*, kamMet. n. s 

See Camelot. 
To CHA'MBLET, kam'-leL v. a. To vary; to vari- 
egate. 

CHA'MBREL of a Horse. kam'-bril. n. s. The 
joint or bending of the upper part of the hinder legs. 

CHAME'LEON, ka-me / -le-un. n s. [^aiW] 
An animal which is said to assume the colour of 
those thing's to which it is applied. Sliakspeare. 

To CHAME'LEONIZE*. kd-me'-le-u^lze. v. a. 
To change into many colours. Diet. 

To CHA'MFER, tsham'-ffir. v. a. To channel ; to 
make furrows or gutters upon a column. To wrin- 
kle. Spenser. 

CHA'MFER, tsham'-f&r. ) n. s. A small furrow 

CILVMFRET. tsham'-fret. $ on a column. 

CHA'MLET, kam'-lel. n. s. Stuff made originally 
of camel's hair. Peacham. 

CHA'MOIS, sha-moe'. [sham'-e, Perry.} 7i. s. [Fr.] 
An animal of the goat kind, whose skm is made 
into soft leather, called amongst us shammy. Deut. 
j CHAMOMILE, kam'-6-mlle. 353. n. s. See Camo- 
mile. 

To CHAMPA, tshamp. v. a. [champayer, Fr.] To 
bite with a frequent action of the teeth. Bacon. To 
devour with the teeth. Spectator. 

To CHAMP, tshamp. v. n. To perform frequently 
the action of biting. Sidney. 

CHAMPAGNE*, sham-pane 7 , n. s. [from Cham- 
pagne in France.] Wine so called. Thomson. 

CHA MPAIGN §, sham-pane', n. s. [campagne, Fr.] 
A flat, open country. Spenser. 

CHA'MPAIGN* ) . a , . 5 a. Open, or flat. 

CHA'MPAIN*, I sI »m-p4ne'. J Tl f be / viU ^ 

CHA'MPER* tsham'-pur. ». s. A biter, or nibbler. 
Spectator. 

CHA'MPERTORS, sham'-pur-tfirs. n. s. [thorn- 
parteur, Fr.] Such as move suits, and pursue, at 
their proper costs, to have part of the gains. Cowel. 

CHA'MPETRY, sham'-pe-tre. n. s. A maintenance 
of any man in his suit, upon condition to have part 
I of the thing when it is recovered. Milton. 

CHAMPI'GNON, sham-pm'-yfin. i\. s. [Fr.] A kind 
of mushroom. Dryden. 

CHA MPION $, tsham'-pe-fin. n. s. [champion, Fr.] 
A man who undertakes a cause in single combat. 
Bacon. A hero. Shak. [In law.] Champion is 
taken for him that trieth the combat in ms own 
case, as well as him that fighteth in the case of 
another. Cowel. 

To CHA'MPION, tsham'-pe-fin. v. a. To challenge 
to the combat. Shakspeare. 

CHA'MPIONESS*, tsham'-pe-fin-es. n. s. A female 
warriour. Fairfax. 

CHANCE $, tshanse. 78, 79. n. s. [chance, Fr.] For- 
tune. ShaJc. The act of fortune. Bacon. Accident. 
Hakewill. Event; success. SJiak. Misfortune ; un- 
lucky accident. SlwJc. Possibility of any occur- 
rence. Milton. 

CHANCE, tshanse. a. Happening by chance. Dryd. 

CHANCE*, tshanse. ad. By chance. Gray. 

To CHANCE, tshanse. v. n. To happen. Sliakspeare. 

CHANCEFUL, tshanse'-ful. a. Hazardous. Spen- 
ser. Ob. J. 

CHANCE-MEDLEY, tshanse-med'-le. n.s. [chaud 
and melle, Fr.l The casual slaughter of a man, not 
altogether without the fault of the slayer. Cowel. 

CHA'NCEABLE, tshan'-sa-bl. a. Accidental. Sidn. 

CHA'NCEL$, tshan'-sel. n.s. \cancelli, Lat.] The 
eastern part of the church, in which the altar is 
Dlaced. Hooker. 

CHA'NCELLOR, tshan'-sel-lfir. n.s. [cancellaritis, 
Lat.] The highest judge of the law, who has power 
to moderate and temper the written law, and sub- 
jected himself only to the law of nature and con- 
science. Coivel. — Chancellor in the Ecclesiastical 
Court : a bishop's lawyer, to direct the bishops in 
matters of judgement. Aijliffe. Chancellor of a 
catliedral : a dignitary, whose office it is to super- 
intend lite regular exercise of devotion. Clumcellor 
of the exchequer : an officer who sits in that court, 
and in the exchequer chamber, and also manages 
182 



CHA 



CHA 



-116, move, ndr, nit ;— tibe, tflb, bfill ;■— ©fl ;— pdfind ;— thin, THis. 



the royal revenue. dowel. Chancellor of a wii- 
versify : the principal magistrate. Chancellor of 
the order of the garter : an officer who seals the 
commissions and mandates of the chanter. Cliamb. 
CHANCELLORSHIP, ishan'-seM-lar-ship. n. s. The 

office of chancellor. Camden. 
CHANCERY, tshan'-sor-e. n. s. The court of equity 

and conscience. Coivel. 

CHANCRE y, shang-k;-dr. 416. n. s. [cliancre, Fr.] 

An ulcer usually arising from venereal maladies. 

Wiseman. 

CHANCROUS,shangk'-ros. a. Ulcerous. Wiseman. 

(HANDELI'ER. shafl-de-leer / .n.s. [Fr.] A branch 

lor caudles. Slukeley. 
CHANDLER, tshan'-dlfir. n. s. An artisan who 
makes and sells candles. Shak. Formerly, a can- 
dlestick. A corn-chandler, a seller of corn. 
CHANDLERLY* tshand'-lur-le. a. Like a chan- 
dler. Milton. 
CHANDLERY*, tshandMe-re. n.s. The articles 

sold bv a chandler. 
CHANDRY*, tshand'-re. n.s. The place where the 

candles are kept. B. Jonson. 
CHANFRIN, .shan'-frfn. n. s. The forepart of the 

head of a horse. Farrier's Dictionary. 
To CHANGES, tshanje. 74. v. a. [changer, Fr.J To 
put one thing in the place of another. Bacon. To 
quit any thing for the sake of another. Sottth. To 
give and take reciprocally. Bp. Taylor. To alter. 
Shak. To mend the disposition. Shale. To discount 
a larger piece of money into several smaller. Sivift. 
ftCr" This word, with others of the same form, such as 
range, strange, mange, &c. are, in the West of Eng- 
land, pronounced with the short sound of a in ran,man, 
<fec. The same may be observed of the a in the first 
syllable of angel, ancient, &c. which, in that part of 
the kingdom, sounds like the article an; and this, 
though disagreeable to a London ear, and contrary to 
the best usage, which forms the only rule, is more ana- 
logical than pronouncing them as if written chainge, 
strainge, aincient, aingel, Sec, for we find every other 
vowel in this situation short, as revenge, hinge, spunge, 
&c. W. 
To CHANGE, tshanje. v.n. To undergo change. 
Shakspeare. To change, as the moon. Slvakspeare. 
CHANGE, tshanje. n. s. An alteration of the state of 
any thing. Job. A succession of one thing in the 
place of another. Dryden. The time in which the 
moon begins a new monthly revolution. Bacon. 
Novelty. Shak. [In ringing.] An alteration of the 
order in which a set of bells )s sounded. Holder. 
That which makes a variety. Judges. Small 
money. Swift. Change for exchange"; a place for 
mercantile affairs. L 'Estrange. 
CHANGEABLE, tshanjV-a-bl. a. Subject to change. 
L Estrange. Possible to be changed. Arbuihnot. 
Having the quality of exhibiting different appear- 
ances. Shakspeare. 
CHANGEABLENESS, tshanje'-a-bl-nes. n. s. In- 
constancy. Sidney. Susceptibility of change. 
Hooker. 
CHA'NGEABLY, tshanje'-a-ble. ad. Inconstantly. 
CHANGEFUL, tshanje'-ful. a. Full of change. 



Spenser. To celebrate by song. Bp. Bramfiall. 

To sing in the cathedral service. 
To CHANT, tshant. 78. v. n, To sing. Amos. 
CHANT, tshant. 79. n.s. Song; melody. Milton. A 

part of cathedral service, boU) with and without the 

organ. Mason. 
CHANTER, tshan'-tfir. n. s. A singer ; a songster. 

Wotton. The chief singer; the priest of a chantry. 

Gregory. 
CHA NTlCLEER, tshan'-te-kleer. n. 

clair 



CHANGELESS*, tshanje'-l^s. a. Constant. Sidney 

CHANGELING, tshanje'-lmg. n. s. A child left or 
taken in the place of another. Spenser. An idiot ; 
a natural. Dryden. One apt to change. Shak. 
Any thing changed. Shakspeare. 

CHANGER, tshane'-jfir. n. s. One employed in 
changing or discounting money. St. John. One 
who alters the form of any thmg. G. Fletcher. One 
who forsakes the cause which he had espoused. 
Prcv. xxiv. 

CHANNEL y , tshan'-nel. 99. n.s. [chanel, Fr.] The 
hollow bed of running waters. Spenser. Any cavi- 
ty drawn longways. Dryden. A strait or narrow 
sea between two countries. A gutter or furrow of 
a pillar. A kennel in the street. Shakspeare. 

To CHANNEL, tshan'-nei. v. a. To cut in channels. 
Shakspeare. 

CHANSON*, n. s. [Fr.] A song. Shakspeare. 

To CHANT y , tshant. v, a, [chanter, Fr.] To sing, 



[cJianter and 
Fr.] The name given to the cock, from the 
clearness and loudness of his crow. Spenser. 
CHANTRESS, tshan'-tr&s. n. s. A woman singer. 

Milton. 
CHANTRY, tshan'-tre. n.s. A chapel endowed 
with revenue for priests to sing mass for the souls 
of the donors. Shakspeare. 
CHA'OS y, ka'-ds. 353. n. s. [xdo S .] The mass of matter 
supposed to be in confusion before it was divided 
by the creation into its proper classes and elements. 
Bentley. Confusion. Dryden. Any thing where 
the parts are undistinguished. Donne. 
CHAOTICK, ka-dtMk. a. Confused. Derham. 
To CHAPy, tshop. v. a. [yppan, Sax. to open.] To 

break into hiatus, or gapmgs. Lilly. 
9Cr' The etymology of this word will not suffer us to writa 
it chop ; and universal usage will not permit us to pro- 
nounce it chap .- so that it must be classed among those 
incorrigible words, the pronunciation and orthography 
of which must ever be at variance. W. 
CHAP, tsh&p. n. s. A cleft ; an aperture. Burnet.. 
CHAP, tshop. n. s. The upper or under part of a 

beast's mouth. 
To CHAP*, v. n. [ceapian, Sax.] To cheap or 

cheapen. 
CHAP*, tshap. n.s. An abbreviation of cliapman. 
Often used to designate a person of whom a con- 
temptuous opinion is entertained. 
CHAPE y, tshape. n. s. [cliappe, Fr.] The catch of 

any thing, by which it is held in its place. Sliak. 
CHAPEAU*, sha-p6'. n.s. [Fr.] A faatj and, in 

heraldry, a cap or coronet. 
CHATEL y , tshap'-el. n. s. [capella, Lat.] A building 
adjoining to a church, as a parcel of the same or 
separate, called a chapel of ease. Cowel. 
To CHATEL*, tshap'-el v. a. To deposit in a chapel. 

Beaumont and Fletclwr. 
CHA'PELESS, tshape'-les. a. Wanting a chape. 

Shakspeare. 
CHA'PELLANY, tshdp'-pei-len-ne. n. s. A place 
founded within some church, and dependent there- 
on. Ayliff'e. 
CHA'PELRY, tshap'-pel-re. n.s. The jurisdiction of 

a chapel. 
CHAPERON, shap-ur-66n'.ra..s.[Fr.] A kind of 

hood or cap. Camden. 
Q5= For the pronunciation of the last syllable, see the 

word Encore. W. 
To CHA'PERON* shap-ur-oon'. v. a. To attend on 

a lady in a publick assembly. 
CHA'PF ALLEN, tshop'-faln. a. Having the mouth 

shrunk; silenced. B. Jonson. 
CHA'PITER, tshap'-e-t&r. n.s. [cliapiteau, Fr.] The 

upper part or capital of a pillar. Exod. 
CHA 'PLAIN §, tshap'-l?n. 208. n. s. [capellamis, LatJ 
He that performs divine service in a chapel. Sliak. 
One that officiates in domestick worship. Swift. 
CHATLAINCY*, tshap'-lin-se. n. s. The office of a 

chaplain. Swift. 
CHATLAINSHIP, tshap / -lfn-sh?p n. s. The office 
of a chaplain. Milton. The possession or revenue 
of a chapel. 
CHA'PLESS, tshop'-les. a. Without any flesh about 

the mouth. Shakspeare. 
CHA'PLETy, tshap'-l&. n. s. [chapelet, Fr.] A gar- 
land or wreath worn about tr€ head. Slmkspeare. 
A string of beads used in the Romish church. [In 
architecture.] A little moulding carved into round 
beads, pearls, or olives. A tuft of feathers on the 
peacock's head. 
CHATLET*, tshap'-leL n.s. A small chapel or 
shrine, Hammond- 

183 



CHA CHA 




ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, pin;— 





CHATMAN, tshap'-man. 88. n.s. [ceapman, Sax.] 
A cheapener ; a seller ; a market-man. Sliakspeare. 

CHAPPY* tsh&p'-pe. a. Cleft ; cut asunder. 

CHAPS, tshops. n. 5. The mouth of a beast of prey. 
Sirbieij. 

CHAPT, or CHAPPED, tshbpt. part. pass, [from 
To Chap.] 

CHATTERS, tshap'-tar. n.s. [chapitre, Fr.] A di- 
vision of a book. Burnet. An assembly of the cler- 
gy of a cathedral or collegiate church. Cowel. The 
place where delinquents receive discipline and 
correction. Ayliffe. A decretal epistle. Ayliffe. 

— Cliapter-house : the place in which assemblies of 
the clergy are held. Ayliffe. 

To CHA PTER* tshap'-tur.r.a. To tax; to correct. 
Dryden. 

CHA'PTREL, tshap'-trel. n. s. The capitals of pil- 
lars, or pilasters. Moxon. 

CHAR, tshar. n. s. A fish found in Winander-mere 
in Lancashire. Gray. 

To CHAR, tshar. v. a. To burn wood to a black cin- 
der. Woodward. 

CHARS, tshare. n.s. [cypjie, Sax. work.] Work 
done by the day; a single job or task. Slum. 

To CHAR, tshare. v. n. To work by the day, with- 
out being a hired servant. 

£c*p " As the maid that milks, 

" And does the meanest chars." — Shakspeare. 
In Ireland they seem to have retained the genuine 
pronunciation of this, as well as many other old Eng- 
lish words; I mean that which is agreeable to the or- 
thography, and rhyming with tar. In England it is 
generally heard like chair, to sit on, and its compound, 
char-woman like chairwoman. Skinner, I know, ad- 
mits that the word may be derived from the Dutch 
keeren, to sweep ; and Junius spells the word chare, and 
tells us the Saxons have the same word spelled cyrre, 
signifying business or charge ; but, be its derivation what 
it will, either the orthography or the pronunciation 
ought to be altered ; for, as it stands at present, it is a 
singular and disgraceful anomaly. W. 

To CHAR*, tshare. v. a. To perform a business. Ray. 

CHAR- WOMAN, tshare'-wfim-un. n. s. A woman 
hired for odd work, or single days. Sivift. 

CHARACT*, or CHARECT* kar'-gkt. n. s. An 
inscription. Skelton. 

CHARACTERS, kar'-ak-t&r. 353. n.s. [ciutracter, 
Lat.J A mark; a stamp. Wiclijfe. A letter used in 
writing or printing. Shakspeare. The hand or 
manner of writing. Spenser. A representation of 
personal qualities. Denlxam,. An account of any 
thing. Addison. The person with his assemblage 
of qualities; a personage. Dryden. Personal 
•qualities ; particular constitution of the mind. 
Pope. Adventitious qualities impressed by a post 
■or office. Atterbury. 
To CHARACTER, kar'-ak-tur. v. a. To inscribe; 
to engrave. Slack. To describe. Beaum and Fl. 

CHARACTERISM* kar'-ak-tur-Izm.«. 5. The dis- 
tinction of character. Bp. Hall. 

CHARACTERFSTICAL, kar-ak-te-rls'-te-kal. ) 

CHARACTERFSTICK, kar-ak-te-rV-dk. 509. \ 
a. That which constitutes the character. Woodward. 

CHARACTERISTICALLY*, kar-ak-te-rV-te- 
kai-le. ad. In a manner which distinguishes 
character. Spenser. 

CHARACTERFSTICALNESS, kar-ak-te-rfs'-te- 
kal-n£s. n.s. The quality of being peculiar to a 
character, 
CHARACTERFSTICK, kar-ak-te-rfs'-tlk. n. s. 

That which constitutes the character. Pope. 
CHARACTERFSTICK of a Logarithm. The 

same with the index or exponent. 
To CHARACTERIZE, kar'-ak-te-rize. v. a. To 
give a character of the personal qualities of any 
man. Swift. To engrave, or imprint. Hale. To 
mark with a stamp. Arbttthnot. 
CHARACTERLESS, kar'-ak-tfir-les. a. Without a 

character. Shakspeare. 
CHA RACTERY, kar'-ak-tur-re. n. s. Impression; 

mark. Shakspeare. 
CHARA'DE*, sha-rade'. n. s. [Fr.] A species of 
riddle, usually in verse. Graves. 



CHARCOAL, tshar'-kole. n.s. [from Tochark, to 
bum.] Coal made by burning wood under turf. 
Bacon. 

CHARD, tshard. n. s. [charde, Fr.'j Chards of arti- 
chokes are the leaves of fair artichoke plants, tied 
and wrapped up all over but the top, in straw. 
Cliambers. Chards of beet, are plants of white 
beet transplanted. Mortimer. 

To CHARGES, tsharje. v. a. [charger, Fr.] To in 
trust; to commission for a certain purpose. Genesis 
To impute as a debt. Dryden. To impute as n 
crime. Dnjden. To impute to, as cost. Arbuihnot 
To impose as a task. Tillctson. To accuse. Wake 
To challenge. Numbers. I'o command ; to enjoin. 
St. Mark. To fall upon ; to attack. Shak. To 
burden ; to load. Shak. To cover with something 
adventitious. Addison. To load a gun ; to put to 
expense. South. 

To CHARGE, tsharje. v. n. To make an onset. 
Granville. 

CHARGE, tsharje. n.s. Care; custody. Fairfax. 
Precept; mandate. Hooker. Commission; trust 
conferred. Pope. Accusation; imputation. Shak. 
The person or thing intrusted to the care of anoth- 
er. Milton. An exhortation of a judge to a jury; 
or bishop to his clergy. Dryden. Expense; cost. 
Spenser. In later times commonly used in the plu- 
ral, charges. Bacon. Onset. Bacon. The signal 
to fall upon enemies. Dryden. The posture of a 
weapon fitted for the attack. Shak. A load, or 
burthen. Shak. What any thing can bear. Ba- 
con. The quantity of powder and ball put into a 
gun. A sort of ointment applied to the inflamma- 
tions and sprains of horses. Farrier's Diet. [In 
heraldry.] That which is borne upon the colour. 
Peacham. 

CHARGEABLE, tshar' -ja-bl. a. Expensive; cost- 
ly. Hayward. Imputable, as a debt or crime. 
South. Subject to charge. Spectator. 

CHARGEABLENESS, tshar'-ja-bl-nes. n.s. Ex- 
Dense; cost. Boyle. 

CHA'RGEABLY, tsha^-ja-ble. ad. Expensively. 
Ascham. 

CHARGEFUL, tsharje'-ful. a. Expensive; costly. 
Shakspeare. Oh. J. 

CHARGELESS*, tshlrje'-lSs. a. Cheap; unex- 
pensive. 

CHA'RGER, tshar'-jur. 98. n.s. A large dish. St. 
Matt. The horse of a military officer. Kersey. 

CHARILY, tsha'-re-le. ad. Warily. Shakspeare. 

CHARINESS, tsha'-re-nes. n. s. Caution ; nicety 
Shakspeare. 

CHARIOTS, tshar'-re-fit. 543. n. s. [car-rhod, 
Welsh.] A wheel carriage of pleasure, or state. 
Shak. A car in which men of arms were ancient- 
ly placed. 2 Chron. A lighter kind of coach with 
only front seats. Prior. 

#£f If this word is ever heard as if written charrot, it is 
only tolerable in the most familiar pronunciation; the 
least solemnity, or even precision, must necessarily re- 
tain the sound of i, and give it three syllables. W. 

To CHARTOT, tshar / -re-ut. v a To convey in a 
chariot. Milton. 

CHARIOT-MAN*, tshar'-re-ut-man. n. s. The 
driverof a chariot. 2 Chron. 

CHARIOTE'ER, tshar-re-ut-teer'. n, s. He that 
drives the chariot. Dryden. 

CHA'RIOT-RACE, tshar'-re-at-rase. n. s. A sport 
where chariots were driven for the prize. Addison. 

CHA RITABLE, tshar'-e-ta-bl. a. Kind in giving 
alms. Bp. Taylor. Kind in judging of others. Shak. 

CHARITABLENESS*, tshar -l-tf-bl-nSs. *. s. The 
exercise of charity; disposition to charity. Milton. 

CHARITABLY, tshar'-e-ta-bie. ad. Kindly; be- 
nevolently. Bp. Taylor. 

CHARITATIVE*, tshar'-e-ta-tiv. a. Disposed to 
tenderness. Fell. 

CHARITY S, tstuV-e-te. 160. n.s. {charitas, Lat.] 

Tenderness ; kindness ; good will ; benevolence. 

Dnjden. The theological virtue of universal love. 

Hooker. Liberality to thepoor.Drt/eferc. Alms. Shak. 

To CHARK, tshark. v.n. [perhaps from char.'] To 

184 



CHA 



CHA 



— n6. move, n6r, ndt ; — tube, tab, bill ;— dfl ; — pdund ; — thin, this. 



burn to a black cinder, as wood is burned to make 
charcoal. Greio. 
CHA'RLATAN $, sharMa-tan. 528. n. 5. [charlatan, 

Fr.] A quack ; a mountebank. Brown. 
CHARLATA'NICAL, shar-la-tan'-e-kal. a. Quack- 

ish. Cowleu. 
CHA'RLATANRY, sharMa-tan-re. n. s. Wheed- 
ling; deceit. 
CHARLES'S-WAIN, tsharlz'-iz-wane'. 71.5. [karl- 
u-agn, Goth.] The northern constellation, called 
the Bear. Broicn. 
CHARLOCK, tshar'-tfk. n.s. [cerhce, Sax.] A 
weed growing among the corn with a yellow flower. 
CHARM $, tsharm. n. s. [charme, Fr.] Words, or 
philters, or characters. Something of power to sub- 
due opposition, and gain the affections. Roscommon. 
To CHARM, tsharm. v. a. To fortify with charms 
against evil. ShaJc. To make powerful by charms. 
To summon by incantation. Shak. To subdue by 
some secret power. Jerem. To subdue the mind 
by pleasure. Sliak. To tune; to temper. Spenser. 
To "CHARM*, tsharm. v.n. To sound harmonically. 

Milton. 
CHA RMED. tsharmd. a. Enchanted. Sidney. 
CHA'RMER! tshar'-mur. n. s. One that has die 
power of charms. Deut. Word of endearment 
among lovers. Shenstone. 
CHA'RMERESS* tsharm'-fir-es. n.s. An enchan- 
tress. Chaucer. 
CHA'RMFUL* tsharm'-ful. a. Abounding wiUi 

charms. Cowley. 
CHARMING, tshar / -mfng. part. a. Pleasing in the 

highest degree. Sprat. 
CHA'RMINGLY, tshar'-ming-le. ad. In such a man- 
ner as 10 please exceedingly. Shakspeare. 
CHA RMLNGNESS, tshar / -nung-nes. n. s. The 

power of pleasing. 
CHA'RNEL, tshar'-nel. a. [channel, Fr.] Containing 

flesh, or carcasses. Milton. 
CHA'RNEL-HOUSE, tshar'-nel-hdftse. n. s. [clwr- 
nier, Fr.] The place under churches where the 
bones of the dead are reposited. Shakspeare. 
CHART $, kart, or tshart. [tshart, Perry Sf Jones.] 
n. s. [cJiarta, Lat.] A delineation of coasts, for the 
use of sailors. Arbutiinct. 
%Cr As this word is perfectly anglicised, by cutting off 
the a in the Latin charta, and 77? in the Greek 'Xaprng, 
we ought certainly to naturalize the initial letters by 
pronouncing them as in charter, charity, &c. ; but such ! 
is our fondness for Latin and Greek originals, that we j 
catch at the shadow of a reason for pronouncing after ! 
these languages, though in direct, opposition to the ! 
laws of our own. Thus we most frequently, if not ' 
universally, hear this word pronounced as cart, a ; 
carriage, and perfectly like the French carte. W. 
CHA'RTEL*. See Cartel. 
CHARTER, tshar'-tur. n. s. [charta, Lat.] A writ- 
ten evidence. Any writing bestowing privileges 
or rights. Sliak. Privilege ; immunity. Sliakspeare. 
CHA'RTER-LAND*, tshar'-tur-land. n. s. Such 

land as a man holds by charter. Coke. 
CHA'RTER-PARTY, tshar'-tur-par-te. n. s. [cJuir- 
tre partie, Fr.] A paper relating to a contract, of 
which each party has a copy. Hale. 
CHARTERED, tshar'-tord. 359. a.Privileged. Shak. 
CHAR TREUX*,s\&x'-xM. ) n. s. [Fr.] A 
CHAR TRE USE*, shar'-tr&oze. $ celebrated 

monastery of Carthusians. Sliakspeare. 
CHA'RTULARY*. See Cartulary. 
CHA'RY, tsha'-re. a. [ceapi^, Sax.] Careful; cau- 
tious. Careio. 
To CHASE $, tshase. v. a. [chaser, Fr.] To hunt. 
Isaiah. To pursue as an enemy. Judges. To drive 
away. Proverbs. To follow as a thing desirable. 
To drive. KnoUes. 
To CHASE Metals. See To Enchase. 
CHASE, tshase. n. s. Hunting. Somerx-iUe. Pursuit 
of any thing as game. Shakspeare. Fitness to be 
hunted. Sliakspeare. Pursuit of an enemy. Bacon. 
Pursuit of something as desirable. Dryden. The 
game hunted. Sidney. Open ground stored with 
such beasts as are hunted. Shakspeare.— The chase 
of a gun, is the whole bore or length. Chambers. 
24 



A term at the game of tennis, signifying the spo^ 
where a ball falls, beyond which the adversary 
must strike his ball to gain a chase. Shalcspeare. 
CHASE-GUN, tshase'-gun. n.s. Guns in the forepar* 

of the ship. Dryden. 
CHA'SEABLE*, or CHACEABLE*, tshW-a-bl. 

a. Fit for the chase. Gower. - 

CHA'SER, tsha'-sur. u. 5. Hunter ; pursuer ; driver. 

Shakspeare. An enchaser. 
CHASM, kazm. 353. n. s. [^dc/ja.] A breach un- 
closed. Locke. A place unfilled ; a vacuity. Dryden. 
CILVSMED*, kaz'med. a. Having gaps or openings. 
CHA'SSELAS, shas'-se-las. n.s.[Fr.] A sort of grape. 
CHASTE $, tshaste. a. [castus, Lat.] Pure from all 
commerce of sexes. Prior. Pure ; uncorrupt. Free 
from obscenity. Watts. True to the marriage bed. 
Titus. 
CHASTE-EYED*, tshaste'-lde. a. Having modest 

eyes. Collins. 
CHASTELY, tshaste'-le. arf.Without incontinence; 
purely. Shakspeare. Without violation of decent 
ceremony. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
To CHA'STEN, tshase'-tn. 405. v. a. To correct; to 

punish. Proverbs. 
QCf* This word is sometimes falsely pronounced with the 
a short, so as to rhyme with fasten : but it is exactly 
under the same predicament as the verb to haste, which, 
when formed into what is called an inchoative verb, be- 
comes hasten, and with which chasten is a perfect 
rhyme. W. 
CHA'STENER*, tshase'-tn-ur. n. s. He who corrects. 
CHA'STENESS, tshaste'-nes. n.s. Chastity; purity. 

Davies. Purity of writing. Buniet. 
To CHASTISES, tshas-tize'. v. a. [chastier, Fr.] To 

punish. To reduce to order; to repress. 
CHASTFSEABLE*. ishas-tlze'-a-bl. a. Deserving 

chastisement. Shencood. 
CHASTPSEMENT, tshas'-tlz-ment. [See Adver- 

tiseJ n. s. Correction ; punishment. Shakspeare. 
CHASTFSER*, tshas-tl'-zftr. n. s. He who corrects 

by punishment. Sir E. Sandys. 
CHASTITY, tshas'-te-te. 511. n. s. [castitas, Lat.] 
Purity of the body. Shakspeare. Freedom from ob- 
scenity. Sliakspeare. Freedom from bad mixture 
of any kind. Bp. Compton. 
§£?" I have in this word departed from Mr. Sheridan, and 
several other speakers, in the sound of the a in the first 
syllable, as no analogy can be clearer than that which 
prevails in words of this termination, where the a'ntepe- 
nultimate accent always shortens the vowel. Thus, 
though the a. e, and i, are long in humane, serene, and 
divine, they are short in humanity, serenity, and divini- 
ty : and unless custom clearly forbids, which I do not 
believe is the case, chastity ought certainly to have the 
a as I have marked it. W. 
To CHAT, tshat. v. n. [contracted from chatter.'] To 

prate ; to converse at ease. Spenser. Dnjden. 
To CHAT, a tshat. v. a. To talk of. Shakspeare. 
CHAT, tshat. n.s. Idle talk; prate. Sliakspeare. 
CHAT, tshat. n. s. The keys of trees. 
CHA' TEA V*, sha-td 7 . n. s. [Fr.] A castle. 
CHATELET*; tshat'-e-let. n. s. [diminut. of cha- 
teau, Fr.] A little castle. Chambers. 
CHATELLANY, tshat'-tel-len-e. n. s. The district 

under the dominion of a castle. Swift. 
CHATTEL, tshat'-tl. 405. n. s. [kat.ila, Goth.] Any 
movable possession : a term used in forms of law. 
Shakspeare. 
To CHATTER §, tshatMfir. v. n. [caqueter, Fr.] To 
make a noise as a pie, or other unharmonious bird. 
Isaiah. To make a noise by collision of the teeth. 
Dryden. To talk idly or carelessly. Jordan. 
CHAPTER, tshat'-tur. n. s. Noise like that of a pie 

or monkey. Swift. Idle prate. 
CHATTERBOX*, tshat'-tfir-b&ks. n. s. A word of 
contempt, applied to such as are perpetually talk- 
ing idly. 
CHATTERER, tshat'-tur-rur. n. s. An idle talker. 

Sherwood. 
CHATTERING*, tshat'-ttir-fng. n. s. Idle or un- 
profitable taik. Watts. 
CHATTY*, tshat'-te. a. Chattering; conversing 
freely. Mountagu. 

185 



CHE 



CHE 



U 3 559.— File, fir, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pkie, pin ;- 



CHA'TWOOD, tshat'-wud. n. s. Little sticks ; fuel. 

CHA'UDRON*. See Chawdron. 

CHA UMONTE'LLE, sh6-m&n-tel'. n. s. [Fr.] A 

sort of pear. 
CHAUN §*, tshawn. n. s. [geonan, Sax.] A gap ; a 

chasm. Cotgrave. 
To CHAUN*, tshawn. v. n. To open. Sherwood. 
CHAUNT*. See Chant. 
CHA'VENDER, tsnav'-m-dur. n. s. [chevesne, Fr.] 

The chub 5 a rish. Walton. 
To CHAW §, tshaw. v. a. [ceopan, Sax. The old 
past participle is chawen ; the modern, diawed.] To 
masticate} to chew. Spenser. 
CHAW, tshaw. n. s. The chap 5 the upper or under 

part of a beast's mouth. Exekiel. 
CHA'WDRON, tshaw'-drun. n.s. Entrails. SJm/c. 
CHAWN*. See Chaun. 
CHEAPO, tshepe. a. [ceapan, Sax.] To be had at a 

low price. Locke. Of small value. Shakspeare. 
CHEAP, tshepe. n.s. Market ; bargain. Sidney. 
To CHEAPEN, tshe'-pn. 103. v. a. To ask the price 
of any commodity. Shakspeare. To lessen value. 
Drijden. 
CHE'APENER*, tshe'-pn-fir. n. s. A bargainer. 

Sherwood. 
CHE'APLY, tshepe'-le. ad. At a small price. Sliak. 
CHEAPNESS, tshepe'-nes. n. s. Lowness of price. 

Bacon. 
CHEAR. See Cheer. 
To CHEAT §, tshete. v. a. [ceafcfc, Sax.] To defraud ; 

to impose upon. Dryden. 
CHEAT, tshete. n. s. A fraud ; a trick. Temple. A 

person guilty of fraud. South. 
CHE'ATABLENESS*, tshete'-a-bl-n^s. 71. s. Lia- 

bleness to be deceived. Hammond. 
CHEAT-BREAD*, tshete'-bred. n. s. Fine bread ; 
bought bread; in opposition to that of a coarser qual- 
ity, usually baked at home. Com. of Eastivard Hoe. 
CHEA'TER, tshe'-tiir. 95. n.s. One that practises 

fraud. Shakspeare. 
To CHECK §, tshek. v. a. [eclvecs, Fr.] To repress 5 
to curb. Shakspeare. To reprove ; to chide. Shak. 
To compare a bank note or other bill with the 
correspondent paper. To control by a counter 
reckoning. 
To CHECK, tshSk. v. n. To stop. Shakspeare. To 
clash ; to interfere. Bacon. To strike with repres- 
sion. Dryden.. 
CHECK, tsh§k. n. s. Repressure ; stop ; sudden re- 
straint. Shaksjieare. Restraint ; curb. Hay ward. 
A reproof; a slight. SJiakspeare. A dislike ; a sud- 
den disgust Dryden. [In falconry.] When a 
hawk forsakes her proper game. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. The person checking. Clarendon. Any 
stop or interruption. Holder. The corresponding 
cipner of a bank bill. This word is often corruptly 
used for the draft itself of the person on his banker. 
A term used in the game of chess. Linen cloth 
fabricated in squares. — Clerk of the clieck has the 
check and controlment of the yeomen of the guard. 
To CHE'CKER, or CHE'QfJER, tshSk'-fir. v. a. 

To variegate or diversify. Shakspeare. 
CHE'CKER, tshgk'-ur. > n . s. Work 

CHE'CK'ER-WORK, tsh§k'-ur-wurk. \ varied al- 
ternately as to its colours Or materials. 1 Kino-s 
CHE'CKER*, or CHE'QJJER*, tshek'-ur. n.°s. A 

chess-board, or draught-board. 
CHE'CKER*, tshek'-ur. n. s. A reprehender ; a re- 

buker. Sherwood. 
CHE'CKLESS*, tshSk'-lSs. a. Uncontrollable; vio- 
lent. Marsion. 
CHE'CKMATE, tsh£k'-mate. n. s. [echec ei mat, Fr.] 
The movement on the chess-board, that kills the 
opposite men, or when the king is actually made 
prisoner, and the game finished. Svenser. 
To CHE'CKMATE*, tshSk'-mate. v. a. To finish, 

figuratively. Skelton. 
CHE'CKROLL, tsheV-r6le. n. s. A roll or book, 
containing the names of such as are attendants on 
great personages. Bacon. 
CHEEK §, tsheek. n. s. [ceac, Sax.] The side of 
the faes below the eye. Shakspeare. Among me- 



chanicks, all those pieces of their machines that are 
double, and perfectly alike. Chambers. 
CHE'EKBONE, tsheek'-b6ne. n. s. The bone of the 

cheek. Psalm, iii. 
CHEEK by Jowl*. Closeness ; proximity. Beaumont 

and Fletclier. 
CHE'EKTOOTH, tsheek'-t66tfi. n. s. The hinder 

tooth or tusk. Joel. 
CHE'EKED*, tsheekt. a. Brought near the cheek. 

Cotton. 
To CHEEP*, tsheep. v. n. To pule or chirp, like a 

young bird. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 
CHEER, tsheer. n. s. [chere, Fr.] Entertainment. 
Shakspeare. Invitation to gayety. Shak. Gayety ; 
jollity. Shakspeure. Air of the countenance. Spen- 
ser. Acclamation ; shout of triumph or applause. 
To CHEER, tsheer. v. a. To incite ; to encourage. 
Knolles. To comfort. Sluxk. To gladden. Pope 
To CHEER, tsheer. v. n. To grow gay. A. Philips 
CHE'ERER, tshee'-rur. n. s. Gladdener ; giver ot 

gayety. Wotton. 
CHE'ERFUL, tsheer'-ful, or tsher'-ful. a. Gay ; full 
of life. Having an appearance of gayety. Proverbs. 
Causing cheerfulness. Phillips. 
£5" This word, like fearful, has contracted an irregular 
pronunciation, that seems more expressive of the turn 
of mind it indicates than the long open e, which lan- 
guishes on the ear, and is not akin to the smartness and 
vivacity of the idea. We regret these irregularities, 
but they are not to be entirely prevented ; and, as they 
sometimes arise from an effort of the mind to express 
the idea more forcibly, they should not be too studious- 
ly avoided ; especially when custom has given them con- 
siderable currency ; which I take to be the case with the 
short pronunciation of the present word. Mr. Sheridan 
and some other orthoepists seem to adopt the latter 
pronunciation ; and W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. 
Perry, the former ; and as this is agreeable to the or- 
thography, and, it may be added, to the etymology, 
(which indicates that state of mind which arises from 
being full of good cheer,) it ought, unless the other has 
an evident preference in custom, to be looked upon as 
the most accurate. 246, 247. W. 
CHE'ERFULLY, tsheer'-ful-le. ad. Without dejec- 
tion ; with willingness ; with gayety. Shakspeare. 
CHE'ERFULNESS, tsheer'-ful-nes. n. s. Freedom 
from dejection ; alacrity. Freedom from gloomi- 
ness. Sidney. 
CHE'ERILY*, tsheer'-e-le. ad. Cheerfully. Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. 
CHE'ERISHNESS*, tsheer'-?sh-nes. n. s. State of 

cheerfulness. Milton. 
CHE'ERLESS, tsheerMgs. a. Without gayety or 

gladness. Spenser. 
CHE'ERLY, tsheer'-le. a. Gay ; cheerful. Roy. 
CHE'ERLY, tsheer'-le. ad. Cheerfully. Shakspeare. 
CHE'ERY, tshee'-re. a. Gay ; sprightly. Gay. 
CHEESE§, tsheeze. n.s. [ce r e, Sax.] A kind of 
food made by pressing the curd of coagulated milk, 
and suffering the mass to dry. 
CHE'ESECAKE, tsheeze'-kake. 247. n. s. A cake 

made of soft curds, sugar, and butter. 
CHE'ESEMONGER, tsheeze'-m&ng-gur. n, s. One 

who deals in cheese. 
CHE'ESEPARING*, tsheeze'-pa-r?ng. n. s. The 

rind or paring of cheese. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CHE'ESEPRESS, tsheeze'-pr£s. n. s. The press in 

which curds are pressed.. Gay. 
CHE'ESEVAT, tsheeze' -vat. n. s. The wooden case 
in which the curds are confined in pressing. Glan- 
vilk. 
CHE'ESY, tshee'-ze. a. Having the nature of cheese. 

Arbuthnot. 
CHE'LY, ke'-le. 353. n. s. [cliela, Lat.] The claw 

of a shell fish. Brown. 
CHEMISE*, she-meze'. n. s. [Fr.] A shift. [In for- 
tification.] A wall wherewith a bastion, or ditch, 
is lined. 
CHE'MISTRY. See Chymistry. 
CHE'QUER. See Checker. 
CHE'QJJER*. n.s. An abbreviation of exchequer 

A treasury. 
CHE'QUER-ROLL*. See Checkroll. 
CHE'QUER-WORK*. See Checker-work. 
186 



CHE 



CHI 



— no, md-ve, nSr, udt; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — tJi'm, THis. 



CHEQUl'N*. SeeCECCHiN. 

To CKE'RISH §, tsheV-rfsh. v. a. [cherir, Fr.] To 
encourage, help, and shelter Epnes, 

CHE RtSHER, tsheV-rish-fir. n.s. An encourager; 
a supporter. Wuttcni. 

CI IK RlSHING*, tsheV-rlsh-ing. b.s. Support j en- 
couragement. Decay of Piety. 

CHE'RISHINCH A^Vher -rish-lng-le. ad. In an af- 
fectionate manner. 

CHE R1SHMENT, tsher'-rish-mSnt. n. s. Encour- 
agement. Spenser. Ob. J. 

CHERN*. See Churn. 

CHKRRYS, tsheV-re. ; n. s. [cerasus, 

CHERRY-TREE, tsheV-re-tree. \ Lat.] A tree 
and fruit. Miller. 

CHE'RRY, tsher'-re. a. Resembling a cherry in col- 
our. Shakspeare. 

CHERRY-BAY. tsheV-re-ba. n.s. See Laurel. 

CHE'RRY-CHEEKED, tsher / -re-tsheekt. a. Having 
ruddy cheeks. Fansluiwe. 

CHE'RRYPIT, tsheV-re-pit. n. s. A child's play, in 
which they throw cherry-stones into a small hole. 
Shakspeare. 

CHE RSONESE, ker'-so-nes. 353. n. s. [%cpaoviieos.] 
A peninsula. Sir T. Herbert. 

CHERT$, tshert. n.s. A kind of flint. Woodward. 

CHE'RTY*, tsheV-te. a. Flinty. Pennant. 

CHE RUBf, tsheV-ub. n.s. [a-o plur. cherubim.] A 
celestial spirit, which, in the hierarchy, is placed 
next in order to the seraphim. Exodus. 

CHERCBICAL*, tshe-ru'-be-kal. ) a. Angelical. 

CHERU'BICK, tshe-rii'-bik. . S Sheldon. 

CHERUBIM, tsher'-u-bim. n. s ; The plural of 
cherub. 

CHE'RUBlN,tsheV-u-bin. a. Angelical. Shakspeare. 

CHE'RUBIN*, tsheV-u-bln. n. s. A cherub. Dry- 
den. 

To CHE'RUP, tsheV-Up. v. n. To chirp ; to use a 
cheerful voice. Spenser. 

CHE'RYIL,tsheV-vfl. n.s. [ceppille, Sax.] Anum- 
belliierous plant. Miller. 

CHESIBLE*, tsheV-e-bl. n. s. [casuble, old Fr.] A 
short vestment without sleeves, which a Popish 
priest wears at mass. Bale. 

CHE'SLIP, tsheV-lip. n. s. A small vermin, that lies 
^ under stones or tiles. Skinner. 

CHESS S, tshes. n. s. A nice and abstruse game, in 
which two sets of puppets are moved in opposition 
to each other. Denham. 

CHE'SS-APPLE, tshes' -ap-pl. n.s. A species of 
wild service. 

CHE SS-BOARD, tshes'-bord. n. s. The board on 
which the game of chess is played. Prior. 

CHESS-MAN, tshes'-man. 88. n. s. A puppet for 
chess. Locke. 

CHE'SS-PLAY'ER, tsheV-pla-ur. n. s. A gamester 
at chess. Drvden. 

CHE'SSOM, tshes'-sum. 166. n. s. Mellow earth. 
Baco?i. 

CHESTS, tshest. n. e. [kest, Celt.] A box in which 
things are laid up. Shakspeare. A chest of draw- 
ers. A case with movable boxes or drawers. 
The trunk of the body, or cavity from the shoul- 
ders to the bellv. Brown. 

To CHEST, tshest. v. a. To reposil in a chest. To 

glace in a coffin. Tei'ry. 
E3T-FOUNDERING, tshest'-f6un-dur-ing. n. s. 
Resembling a pleurisy. Farrier's Diet. 

CHE'STED, tshest' -ed. a. Having a chest. 

CHE'STNUT, tsheV-nul. ) n. s. [cJias- \ 

( 'HE STNUT-TREE, tshes'-nut-tre. $ taigne, Fr.] 
[Sometimes written, chesnut. T.] A tree and 
fruit. Miller. The name of a brown colour. ShaJc- 
speore. 

CHE STON. tsheV-ttm. n.s. A species of plum. 

CHE'VACHIE*, tshev'4-tshe. n. s. [Fr.] An expe- 
dition with cavalry. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

CHE'VAGE* SeeCHiEFAGE. 

CHE VALP ER, shev-a-leer'. 352. n.s. [Fr.] A 
knight ; a gallant, strong man. Shakspeare. 

CHE VA UXde Frise. shev-6-de-freeze'. 352. n. s. A 
piece of timber traversed with wooden spikes, used 



in defending a passage, or making a retrenchment 
to stop the cavalrv. 

CHE'VEN, Ishev'-Vn. 103. n.s. [chevesne, Fr.] A 
river fish ; the chub, <SiV T. Brown. 

CHE'VERIL, tsheV-er-il. n. s. [chevrel, Fr.] A kid J 
kid-leather. Shakspeaj-c. 

T, i C 1 1 1 ', YE RIE1ZE*, tsheV-er-il-izc. v. a. To make 
as pliable as kid-leather. Mouniagu. Ob. T. 

CHE'VISANCE^h&v'-h-zniise. n.s. [Fr.] Enter- 
prise ; achievement. Spenser. Bargain. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

CHE' \ RON, tshev'-run. n.s. [Fr.] One of the 
honourable ordinaries in heraldry. Harris. 

CHE'VRONED*, tshev'-rfind. a. Variegated in the 
shape of a chevron. B. Jonson. 

CHE'VRONEL*, tshev'-ro-nel. n. s. A diminutive of 
the heraldick chevron. 

To CHEW §, tshoS, or tshaw. v. a. [ceopan, Sax.] 
To masticate. ShaJcspeare. To meditate ; or ru- 
minate in the thoughts. Prior. To taste without 
swallowing. Sliakspeare. 

55=" The latter pronunciation is grown vulgar. W. 

To CHEW, tsh66\ v. n. To ruminate. Shakspeare. 

CHEW*, tsh65. n. s. A vulgarism ; as, a chew of to- 
bacco. 

CHE'WING*, tsh66'-ing. n. s. Mastication. 

CHE'WET*, tshfiS'-et/n. 5. A pie consisting of va- 
rious articles, chopped. Florio 

CHFBBAL* tshlb'-bal. n. s. [cibmde, Fr.] A small 
kind of onion. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

CHICA'NES, she-kane'. 352. n.s. [chicane, Fr.] The 
art of protracting a contest by petty objection and 
artifice. Locke. Artifice in general. Prior. 

To CHICA'NE, she-kane'. r. n. To prolong a con- 
test by tricks. Lord Chesterfield. 

CHICA'NER, she-ka'-nur. n. s. A petty sophister. 

CHICANERY, she-ka'-nur-e. n. s. Mean arts of 
wrangle. Arhdhnot. 

CHI'CHES, tshltsh'^z. n. s. [chiches, Fr.] Dwarf 
peas, or vetches. B. Googe. 

CHICK §, tshik. In. s. [cicen, Sax. Chick- 

CHI'CKEN, tshlk'-?n. 104. \ en is the old plural of 
chick.'] The young of a bird, particularly of a 
hen ; small bird. Shakspeare. A word of tender- 
ness. Shakspeare. A term for a young person 
Swift. 

To CHICK*, tshik. r. n. [cicen, Sax.] To sprout, 
as seed in the ground; to vegetate. 

CHI'CKEIS HEARTED, tshik'-in-har-ted. a. Cow- 
ardly ; timorous. 

The GHI'CKENPOX, tshik'-en-poks. n. s. An ex- 
anlhematous distemper, so called from its being of 
no very great danger. 

CHI'CKUNG, tsh'ik'-llng. n.s. A small chicken. 

CHFCKPEAS, tshik'-peze. n, s. A kind of degen- 
erate pea. Miller. 

CHI'CKWEED, tshik'-weed. n. s. The name of a 
plant. Wiseman. 

To CHIDE §, tshide. v. a. preler. chid, or chode, part. 
chid, or chidden, [chiban, part, chib, Sax.] To re- 
prove ; to check. Shakspeare. To drive with re- 
proof. Shakspeare. To blame. Dryden. 

To CHIDE, tshide. r.n. To clamour; to scold. 
WicliJ'e. To quarrel with. Numbers. To make 
a noise. Shakspeare. 

CHIDE*, tshide. n. s. Murmur; gentle noise. Thorns. 

CHFDER, tshi'-dur. 98. n. s. A rebuker. Abp. Cran- 
mer. 

CHFDERESS*, tshlde'-res. n. s. She who chides. 
Chancer. Oh. T. 

CHl'DFNG*, tshlde'-mg. n. s. Rebuke ; quarrel. Ex- 
odus. Simply, noise ; sound. Shakspeare. 

CHI'DINGLY*, tshide'-ing-le. ad. After the manner 
of chiding. Huloet. 

CHIEFS, tsheef. a. [chef Fr.] Principal ; most emi- 
nent. 1 Kings. Extraordinary. Proverbs. Capi- 
tal ; of the first order. Locke. 

CHIEF, tsheef. 275. n.s. A military commander. 
Milton. In chief. [In law.] By personal service. 
Bacon. Achievement ; a mark of distinction 
Spenser. [In heraldry.] The chief possesses the 
upper third part of the escutcheon. Peacham. 
187 



CH 



CHI 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, p?n ;- 



CHIEF* tsheef. ad. Chiefly. Tliomson. 
CHIEFS, tsheef. n. s. [clief from cheoir, Fr.] Hap ; 

fortune. Not now in use, except in the compound 

mischief. 
CHFEFAGE* or CHE'VAGE*, tsheev'-aje. n.s. 

[chevage, Fr.] A tribute by the head. Chambers. 
CHFEFDOM, tsheef -dam. n. s. Sovereignty. Spen- 
ser. Oh. J. 
CHFEFLESS, tsheef-les. a. Wanting a leader. 

Pope. 
CHIEFLY, tsheef -le. ad. Principally. Dryden. 
CHFEFRIE, tsheef -re. n.s. A small rent paid to the 

lord paramount. 
CHFEFTA1N$, tsheef -tin. 208. n. s. [clufetairi, Fr.] 

A leader 5 a commander. Spenser. The head of a 

clan. Davies. 

25° This word ought undoubtedly to follow captain, cur- 
tain, villain, &c. in the pronunciation of the last sylla- 
ble ; though, from its being less in use, we are not so 
well reconciled to it. TV. 

CHFEFTA1NRY*, tsheef -t?n-re. ? 

CHFEFTAINSHIP*, tsheef -tin-ship. \ n - s ' 
Headship. Smollett. 

CHIE'VANCE, tshee'-vanse. n. s. [aclievance, Fr.] 
Traffick, in which money is extorted ; as discount. 
Bacon. Ob. J 
To CHIEVE*, or CHEVE*, tsheev. v.n. [chevir, 
Fr.] To turn out ; to come to a conclusion ; to suc- 
ceed. Chaucer. Ray. 

CHFLBLAIN, tshJF-blane. n. s. Sores made by 
frost. Temple. 

CHILD §, tshlld. »• s. [cilb, Sax.] pi children. An 
infant, or very young person. Spetiser. One in the 
line of filiation, opposed to the parent. Acts. De- 
scendants, how remote soever, are called children ; 
as, the children of Israel. Judges. [In the language 
of scripture.] Persons in general. Isaiah, x. 19. A 
girl child. Shak. Any thing the product of an- 
other. Shak. A noble youth. Chaucer. — To be 
with child. To be pregnant. Shakspeare. 

To CHILD, tshllcl. v. n. To bring children. ShaJc. 

To CHILD*, tshlld. v. a. To bring forth children. 
Spemer. 

CHFLDBEARING, tshlld'-ba-rlng. n.s The act of 
bearing children. Milton. 

CHFLDBED, tshlld'-beU n. s. The state of a wo- 
man being in labour. Bacon. 

CHILDBIRTH, tshlld'-bert/i. n. s. The time or act 
of bringing forth. Sidney. 

CHFLDED, tshlf-ded. a. Furnished with a child. 
Sliakspeare. 

CHFLDERMAS-DAY, tshiK-der-mas-da. n. s. 
[cilbamay Fe-ba^, Sax.] The day of the week, 
throughout the year, answering to the day on which 
the feast of the Holy Innocents is solemnized. Carew. 

CHFLDHOOD, tshikF-hud. n.s. [cilbhab, Sax.] 
The state of children. Shak. The time of life be- 
tween infancy and puberty. Arbuthnot. The prop- 
erties of a child. Dryden. 

CHFLDISH, tshlldMsh. a. Having the qualities of a 
child. Bacon. Trifling ; puerile. Sidney. 

CHFLDISHLY, tshlldQsh-le. ad. In a childish, 
trifling way. Hooker. 

CHILDISHMFNDEDNESS*, tshlld-ish-mind'-ecl- 
nes. n.s. Triflingness. Bacon. 

CHI LDISHNESS, tshlkf-lsh-ngs. n. s. Puerility. 
Shakspeare. Harmlessness. Shakspeare. 

CHFLDLESS, tshild'-les. a. Without offspring. 1 
Samuel. 

CHILDLIKE, tshlld'-llke. a. Becoming or beseem- 
ing a child. Hoolcer. 

CHFLDLY*, tshlldMe\ a. Like a child. Lidgate. 
Ob. T. 

CHFLIAD, kil'-e-ad. n.s. Wthas.1 A thousand. 
Holder. A 

CHILIA'EDRON, kil'-e-a-e'-dr&n. n. s. A figure of 
a thousand sides. Locke. 

55= This word ought to have the accented e long ; not on 
account of the quantity of the Greek word, but because, 
where no rule forbids, we ought to make vowels accent- 
ed on the penultimate, long. " 549. TV. 



CHFLIARCH* kiF-e-ark. 7i.s. A commander of a 

thousand. 
CHFL1ARCHY*, kll'-e-ar-ke. n.s. A Dody consist- 
ing of a thousand men. 
CHFLIAST*, kil'-e-ast. ?i.s. One of the sect of the 

millenarians. Pagitt. 
CHILIFA'CTIVE, kil-e-fak'-tlv. a. [from chile, or 

chyle.\ That which makes chyle. Brown. 
CHILIFA'CTORY, kil-e-fak'-to-re. a. That which 

has the quality of making chyle. Brown. 
CHILlFlCA'TK^ldl'-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n s. The act 

of making chyle. Brown. 
CHILLS, tshil. a. [cele, SaxJ Cold. MiUon.. Hav- 
ing the sensation of cold. Kowe. Dull ; not warm. 
Depressed ; cold of temper. 
CHILL, tshll. n.s. Chilness; cold. Derlmm. 
To CHILL, tsh?l. v. a. To make cold. Dryden. To 
depress; to deject. Rogers. To blast with cold. 
Blackmore. 
To CHILL*, tshfl. v. n. To shiver. 
CHFLL1NESS, tshlF-le-nes. ?i.s. A sensation of 

shivering cold. Arbuthnot. 
CHFLLY, tshiF-le. a. Somewhat cold. Wotton. 
CHFLLY*, tstfl'-le. ad. Coldly. Slverwood. 
CHFLNESS, tshfl'-nes. n. s. Coldness. Bacon. 
CHIMB, tshlme. n.s. \kime, Dut.] The end of a bar- 
rel or tub. 
CHIME §, tshlme. n. s. [chirme, or churme.] The con- 
sonant or harmonick sound of many correspond- 
ent instruments. Milton. The correspondence of 
sound. Dryden. The sound of bells, not rung by 
ropes, but struck with hammers. SlvaJc. The cor- 
respondence of proportion or relation. Greiv. 
To CHIME, tshlme. v. n. To sound in harmony or 
consonance. Prior. To correspond in relation or 
proportion. Locke. To agree ; to fall in with. A?-- 
buthnot. To suit with; to agree. To jingle; to 
clatter. Smith. 
To CHIME, tshlme. v. a. To move, or strike, or cause 

to sound with just consonancy. Dryden. 
CHFMER*, tshl'-mar.ra.s. He who chimes the bells. 

Sherwood. 
CHlME'RA^ke-me'-ra. 353, 120. n.s. [chimcera, 

Lat.TA vain and wild fancy. Dryden. 
CHIME'RE*. she-mere', n. s. [ciamare, ltal.] A robe. 

Wlieatley. See Simae. 
CHIMERICAL, ke-mer'-re-kal. a. Imaginary; fan- 
ciful. Bp. Hall. 
CHIME'RICALLY, ke-mer'-re-kal-e. ad. Vainly ; 

wildly. 
To CHFMERIZE*, k?m'-er-Ize. v. n. To entertain 

wild fancies. Translation of Boccalini. Ob. T. 
CHFMINAGE, kinf-min-aje. n. s. [chemin.] A toll 

for passage through a forest. Cowel. 
CHFMNEYS, tshfm'-ne. n. s. \cheminie, Fr.] The 
passage through which the smoke ascends from the 
fire in the house. Swift. The turret raised above 
the roof of the house for conveyance of the smoke. 
Shakspeare. The fireplace. Shakspeare. 
CHFMNEY-CORNER, tshW-ne-kor'-nfir. n.s. The 
fireside ; the seat on each end of the firegrate. 
Denham. 
CHFMNEY-MONEY*, tshW-ne-mfin'-ne. n. s. 
Hearth-money, a tax imposed in Charles the 
Second's time. 
CHFMNEY-PIECE^shW-ne-peese. n.s. The work 

round the fireplace. South. 
CHFMNEYSWEEPER, tsh?nf-ne-swee-pur. n. s. 
One whose trade it is to clean chimneys. Shak. 
Proverbially, one of a mean and vile occupation. 
Sliakspeare. 
CHFMNEYTOP*, tshW-ne-t6p. n. s. The summit 

of a chimney. Shakspeare. 
CHINS, tshin. n. s. [cinne, Sax.] The part of the 

face beneath the under lip. Sidney. 
CHFNNED*, tshlnd. a. Used in composition for hav- 
ing a long or short chin. Kersey. 
CHI/NA, tsha'-ne, or tshl'-na. [tshl'-na, Perry.] n. s 
China ware ; porcelain ; a species of vessels made 
in China. 
95" What could induce us to so irregular a pronunciation 
of this word is scarcely to be conceived. One would be 
188 



CHI 



CHO 



— 116, mdve, ndf, not j — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — p6und ; — thin, Tuis. 



n|»i to suppose that the French first imported this porce- 
lain, r.nd that, when we purchased it of them, we called 
it oy *.heir pronunciation of China (Sheen) ; but being 
unwilling to drop the u, and desirous of preserving the 
French sound of i, we awkwardly transposed these 
sounds, and turned China into Chainee. This absurd 
pronunciation seems only tolerable when we apply it to 
the porcelain of China, or the oranges, which arc im- 
properly called China oranges; but even in these cases 
it seems a pardonable pedantry to reduce the word to its 
true sound. W. 



CHI'NA-ORANGE, tsha'-na-Sr'-inje. [tshl'-na-&r' 
toje, Perry.] n. s. The sweet orange ; brought 
originally from China. Mortimer. 
CHINA-ROOT, tshr-na-r66t. n. s. A medicinal root, 

from China. 
CHI'NCOUGH, tshin'-kof. n. s. [kincken, Dutch, 
to pant, and cough.'] A violent and convulsive 
cough, to which children are subject. Floijer. 
CHINE f, tshlne. n. s. [eschine, Fr.] The part of the 
back, in which the spine or back-bone is found. 
Sidneif. A piece of the back of an animal. Sliak. 
To CHINE, tshine. v.a. To cut into chines. Dryden. 
CHFNED*, tshlnd. a. Relating to the back. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
CHLNE'SE* tshl-nees'. n.s. Used elliptically for the 
language and people of China : plural, Chineses. 
Sir T. Herbert. 
CHFNGLE*, tshlng'-gl. n. s. Gravel, free from dirt. 

Donne. 
CHINK S, tshingk. n. s. [cinan, Sax.] A small aper- 
ture longwise. 
7b CHINKS, tshingk. v. a. [from the sound.] To 

shake so as to make a sound. Pope. 
To CHINK, tshingk. v. n. To sound by striking 

each other. Arbuthnot. 
To CHINKS*, tshingk. v. a. To break into apertures 

or chinks. Cotgrave. 
To CHINK*, tshingk. v. n. To open, or gape. Barret. 
CHFNKY, tshingV-e. a. Opening into narrow clefts. 

Drvden. 
CHlNTS, tshints. n. s. Cloth of cotton made in India, 

and printed with colours. Pope. 
CHIOPPINE, tshop-pene 7 . 112. n. s. [from chapin, 
Span.] A high shoe, formerly worn by ladies. 
Sliakspeare. 
To CHIP, tshlp. v. a. To cut into small pieces ; to 
diminish, by cutting away a little at a time. Shak. 
CHIPS, CHEAP, CHIPPING, in the names of 
places, imply a market, [cyppan, ceapan, Sax.] 
Gibson. 
To CHIP*, tshlp. v.n. [kippen, Dutch.] To break, or 

crack. 
CHIP, tshlp. n. s. A small piece taken off by a cutting 

instrument". Bacon. A small piece. Woodward. 
CHIP-AXE*, tshlp'-aks. n. s. A one-handed plane- 
axe. Huloet. 
CHPPPING, tshlp'-ping. n.s. A fragment cut off. B. 

Jonson. 
CHIRA'GRA*, kl-rag'-gra. n. s. [ X zip and aypoj.] 

The gout in the hands only. 
CHIRA'GRICAL, kl-rag'-gre-kal. 120,353. a. Hav- 
ing the gout in the hand. Brown. 
To CHIRK §* tsherk. v.n. [circken, Teut.] To chirp. 

Chaucer. 
To CHIRM*, tsherm. v. n. To sing, as a bird. Wo- 

drr>e})he : s French Grammar. 
CHFROGRAPHS^M-ri-graf. n. s. [ x dp and ypd- 
(pw.] A deed, requiring a counterpart, engrossed 
twice upon the same piece of parchment, and cut 
through the middle; a fine : a phrase still preserved 
in the common pleas. 
CHIRO'GRAPHER, kl-r6g'-gra-f fir. n. s. The offi- 
cer in the common pleas who engrosses fines. 
Bacon. 
CHIRO'GRAPHIST, kl-rog'-gra-flst. n.s. One 
that tells fortunes, by examining the hand. Ar- 
buthnot. 
CHIRO'GRAPHY kl-r6g'-gra-fe. 518. n.s. The art 

of writing. 
CHIRO'LOGY* kl-r6l'-6-je. n. s. [ X c\ ? and Aoyd?.] 

Talking bv the hand. Dalgarno. 
CHFROMANCER, kV-6-man-sfir. n. s. One that 



foretells future events by inspecting the hand. Dry 

den. 
CHFROMANCY, kir'-ro-man-se. 353, 519. n.s 

[ X ctp an( 4 pavTis.] The art of foretelling by inspect 

ing the hand. Brown. 
To CHIRPS, tsherp. v.n. To make a cheerful noise, 

as birds, when they call without singing. Sidney. 
To CHIRP, tsherp. v.a. To make cheerful. John 



CHIRP, tsherp. n. s. The voice of birds or insects 

Spectator. 
CHPRPER, tsher'-pur. 89. n. s. One that chirps. 
CHFRPING*, tsherp'-ing. n. s. The gentle noise of 

birds. 
To CHIRRE, tsher. v.n. [ceopian, Sax.] To coo a? 

a pigeon. Junius. 
CHIRURGEONS, kl-rfir'-je-Qn. 353. n. s. [ X clpovp- 
yo$.] One that cures ailments by outward applica- 
tions and operations. It is now generally written 
surgean. South. 
CHIRURGERY, ki-rfir'-je-re. n. s. The art of cur- 
ing by external applications. Surgery. Sidney. 
CH1RURGICAL, kl-rfir'-je-kal. } a. Belonging to 
CHIRU'RGICK, kl-rfir'-jlk. 353. <, surgery" Mor- 
timer. Relating to the manual part of healing. 
Warton. Manual in general. Wilkins. 
CHFSELS,tsluV-zil. 102,99. n.s. [ciseau, .Fr.] An 
instrument with which wood or stone is parect. 
Shakspeare. 
To CHFSEL, tshlz'-zil. 102. v. a. To cut with a 

chisel. Hawes. 
CHITS, tshlt. n. s. [chico, Span.] A child; a baby. 
Tatler. The shoot of corn from the end of tne 
grain. Mortimer. A freckle. 
To CHIT, tsbit. v. n. To sprout. Mortimer. 
CHFTCHAT, tshit'-tshat. n.s. Prattle; idle talk. 

Sjjectator. 
TbCHFTTER*, tslnY-tfir. v.n. [citteren, Dutch.] 

To shiver. Huloet. 
CHFTTERLINGS, tshlt'-tfir-llngz. 555. n.s. [schyt- 

erlingh, Dutch.] The bowels. Gaijton. 
CHFTTERLING*, tshltMfir-llng. n. s. The frill to 

the breast of a shirt. Gascoigne. 
CHFTTY, tshit'-te. a. Childish ; like a Daby. Full 

of chits or warts. Huloet. 
CHIVALROUS, tsluV-al-rus. a. [chevaleureux, Fr.] 
Relating to chivalry ; warlike ; adventurous. Spen- 
ser. 
CHIVALRY S, tshlv'-al-re. [tshiv'-al-re, Jones; 
shiv'-al-re, Kenrick, Sheridan, Perry, and Web- 
ster.] n.s. [chevalerie, Fr.] Knighthood; a military 
dignity. Bacon. The qualifications of a kniglit'j 
as valour. Shak. The general system of knight- 
hood. D?ijden. An adventure. Sidney. The body, 
or order, of knights. Shak. [In law.] A tenure of 
land bv knights' service. Ccnvel. 
CHFVES, tshJvz. 7t..s. [cive, Fr.] The threads or fila- 
ments rising in flowers. Ray. A species of smali 
onion. 
CHLOROSIS, kl6-r<y-sls. 353. n.s.[ x \6 9 o S , green,} 

The green sickness. 
CHLORO'TICK*, kl6-rot'-?k. a. Affected by chlo- 
rosis. Battie. 
To CHOAK, tshoke. v.a. See Choke. 
CHOCK*, tshok. n. s. [choc, old Fr.] An encounter ; 

an attack. Bp. Patrick. 
CHOCOLATE S, tshok'-o-late. 91. n.s. [chocolate, 
Span.] The nut of the cocoa-tree. Miller. The 
cake or mass, made of the cocoa-nut. Clxambers. 
The liquor made by a solution of chocolate in hot 
water. Arbuthnot. 
CHO'COLATE-HOUSE, tsh&k'-o-late-hdfis. n. s. A 
house where company is entertained with choco- 
late. Tatler. 
CHODE, tsh6de. The old preterit from chide. 
CHOICE, tshSlse. n. s. [ceor-an, Sax.] The act of 
choosing; election. Drijden. The power of choos- 
ing. Hooker, Care in choosing. Bacon. The 
thing chosen, SiwJc. The best part of any thing. 
Hookei: Several things proposed as objects of 
election. Shak. — To make choice of. To choose. 
DenJiam. 

189 



CHO 



CHR 



Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pine, pin ; 



CHOICE, tsh6?se. a. Select. Guardian. Chary; 

frugal. Bp. Taylor. 
CHOICE-DRAWN*, tshflW-drawn. part. a. Se- 
lected withparticular care. Shakspeare. 
CHOICE-LESS, tsh6IseMes. a. Without the power 

of choosing. Hammond. 
CHOPCELY, tshSlse'-le. ad. Curiously. Sliakspeare. 

Valuably, excellently. Walton. 
CHO'ICENESS, tsholse'-ngs. n.s. Nicety. B. Jon- 
son. 
CHOIRS kvvlre. 300, 356. n.s. [chop, Sax.] An as- 
sembly or band of singers. Waller. The singers 
in divine worship. Shakspeare. The part of the 
church where the choristers are placed. Shakspeare. 
CHOIR-SERVICE*, kwlre'-s^r-vk n.s. The duty 

performed by the choir. Warton. 
To CHOKER tshoke. v. a. [aceocan, Sax.] To suf- 
focate. Shak. To stop up ; to obstruct. Cliapman. 
To hinder by obstruction. Shak. To suppress. 
Shak. To overpower. St. Luke. 
CHOKE, tshoke. n. s. The filamentous or capillary 

part of an artichoke. 
CHOKE-FULL*, [vulgarly pronounced chuk-full, 
or chok-full.] a. Filled, so as to leave no more room. 
Bruce. 
CHOKE-PEAR, tshoke'-pare. n.s. A rough, harsh, 
unpalatable pear. Any sarcasm, by which an- 
other is put to silence. Webster. 
CHO'KER, tsho'-kfir. n.s. One that chokes. One 
that puts another to silence. Anything that cannot 
be answered. 
CHOKE- WEED, tsh6ke'-weed. n. s. A plant. 
CHO'KY, tsh6'-ke. a. That which has the power of 

suffocation. 
CHO'LAGOGUES, kol'-a-gogz- n. s. [ X 6\og, bile.] 

Medicines for purging bile or choler. 
OHO'LERS, kol'-lur. n.s. [cholera, Lat.] The bile. 
Brown. The humour, which, by its super-abun- 
dance, is supposed to produce irascibility. Shak- 
speare. Anger ; rage. Shalcspeare. 
CHO LERA-MORB US*, kol'-e-ra-mor'-bus. n. s. 
A sudden over-flowing of the bile, discharged both 
upwards and downwards. 
CHO'LERICK, kolM&r-rk. a. Abounding with 

choler. Dryden. Angry; irascible. Arbuthnot. 
CHO'LERICKNESS, kolMfir-rfk-nes. n. s. Irasci- 
bility. 
CHOLIA'MBICKS*, kol-e-W-blks. n. s. [choliam- 
bi, Lat.] Verses differing from the true iambick, 
having an iambick foot in the fifth place, and a 
spondee in the sixth, or last. .Bentley. 
To CHOOSE §, tshooze. v. a. I chose, I have 
chosen or chose, [choisir, Fr.] To take by way 
of preference. 1 Samuel. To take; not to refuse. 
Job. To select. Job. To elect for eternal happi- 
ness : a term of theologians. 
To CHOOSE, tshSSze. v.n. To have the power of 

choice. Hooker. 
CHO'OSER, tsh65'-zur. n. s. He that has the power 

of choosing. Drayton. 
CHOOSING*, tsh65'-z1ng. n. s. Choice. 
To CHOP §, tshop. r. a. [kappen, Dutch.] To cut 
with a cjuick blow. Shak. To devour eagerly. 
Dryden. To mince. Micah. To break into chinks. 
Shakspeare. 
To CHOP, tshop. v. n. To do any thingwith a quick 
motion, like that of a blow. Bacon. To catch with 
the mouth. U Estrange. To light upon suddenly. 
To CHOP §, tshop. v. a. [ceapan, SaxJ To pur- 
chase by way of truck. Beaum. and Fl. To put 
one thing in the place of another. Hudibras. To 
bandy ; to altercate. Bacon. 
To CHOP m*. To become modish. Wilson. 
To CHOP out*. To give vent to. Beaum. andFl. 
CHOP, Ish&p. n. s. A piece chopped off Bacon. A 
small piece of meat. King. A crack, or cleft. 
Bacon. 
CHOP-FALLEN*. See Chap-fallen. 
CHOP-HOUSE, tshV-hSus. n. s. A house of en- 
tertainment, where provision ready dressed is sold. 
Spectator. 
CHO'PIN, tshi-peen'. 112. n. s. [Fr.] A French 



liquid measure, containing nearly a pint of Win- 
chester. Howell. In Scotland, a quart of wine 
measure. 

CHOTPER*, tsh<W-pur. n. s. A butcher's cleaver 

CHO'PPING*, tshdp'-pmg. n. s. Act of merchan- 
dising. Bacon. Altercation. L'Estrange. 

CHOPPING, tshop'-ping. part. a. Applied to in- 
fants ; as, a chopping or stout boy. Fenton. 

CHOPPING-BLOCK, tshdp'-plng-blok. n. s. A 
log of wood, on which any thing is cui m pieces. 
Mortimer. 

CHOPPING-KNIFE, tsh&p'-pmg-nlfe. n. s. A knife 
to mince meat. Sidney. 

CHO'PPY, tshdp'-pe. a. Full of holes or cracks. 
Slxakspeare. 

CHOPS, tshops. n. s. without a singular. The mouth 
of a beast. L'Estrange. The mouth of a man, 
used in contempt. Slmk. The mouth of any thing, 
in familiar language. 

CHORA 1 GUS*. k6-ra'-gus. n. s. [Lat.] The su- 
perintendent of the ancient chorus. Warburton. 

CHO'RAL, k6 / -ral. 353. a. Belonging to a choir or 
concert. Milton. Singing in a choir. Amhurst. 

CHO'RALLY*, k6 / -ral-le. ad. In the manner of a 
chorus. Mason. 

CHORD §, kSrd. n. s. [chorda, Lat.] The string of 
a musical instrument. Milton. [In geometry.] A 
right line, which joins the two ends of any arch of 
a circle. 

To CHORD, k6rd. 353. v. a. To string. Dryden. 

CHORDE'E, kfir-dee'. n. s. A contraction of the 
fraenum. 

CHOREPPSCOPAL, k&r-e- P y-k6-pal. a. Relating 
to the power of a suffragan or local bishop. Fell. 

CHOREPISCOPUS*, kor-e-pls'-kc-pus. n, s. 
[i£wpo? and hicKonos.] Formerly, a suffragan or lo- 
cal bishop. 

CHORIA'MBICK*, k&r-e-am'-bfk. n.s. [ X o P iavPo S .] 
The foot of a verse consisting of four syllables, as 
anxietas ; two being long at each end of the word, 
and two short in the middle. 

CHORION, k<V-re-on. n. s. [xwpnv.] The outward 
membrane that enwraps the foetus. 

CHO'RIST*, kwlr'-ist. n. s. [choriste, Fr.] A singing 
man in a choir. 

CHO'RISTER, kwfr'-rfs-tur. 300, 356. n. s. A sing- 
er in cathedrals. Spenser. A singer in a concert, 
Dryden. 

CHORO'GRAPHER §, k6-r&g / -gra-fur. n. s. [ %wpo5 
and ypd<pu).~\ He that describes particular regions 
or countries. Milton. 

CHOROGRATHICAL, kor-6-graf-e-kal. a. De- 
scriptive of particular regions. Raleigh. 

CHOROGRATHICALLY, kih-ri-graf-e-kal-Ie. 
ad. According to the rule of chorography. Weever. 

CHORO'GRAPHY, k6-r6g'-gra-fe. n.s. The art 
of describing particular regions. It is less in its 
object than geography, andgreater than topogra 
phy. Selden. 

CHO'RUS, ko'-r&s. 353. n. s. [Lat.] A number of 
singers ; a concert. Milton. The persons who are 
supposed to behold what passes m the acts of a 
tragedy, and sing their sentiments betweeu the acts 
Shak. The song between the acts of a tragedy 
Sir W. Soame. Verses of a song in which the 
company join the singer. 

CHOSE, tshose. The preter tense, and sometimes 
the participle passive from To choose. 

CHO'SEN, tsho'-zn. 103. The participle passive 
from To choose. 

CHOUGH, tshuf. 301. n. s. [ceo, Sax.] A bird 
which frequents the rocks by the sea-side. Bacon. 

CHOULE, tsh6ul. n. s. [commonly pronounced and 

written jowl.'] The crop of a bird. Brotvn. 
To CHOUSE, tshSuse. v, a. To cheat; to trick. 
Dryden.. 

CHOUSE, tsh65se. n. s. A bubble ; a tool. Hudi- 
bras. A trick or sham. 
To CHO'WTER, tsh6iV-tur. v. n. To grumble like 
a froward child. Phillips. 

CHRISM, krfzm. 353. n. s. [xptopa.] Unction used 
in sacred ceremonies. Hammond. 
190 



CHR 



CHU 



— 116, move, n6r, nftt;— lihbe, tub, bull; — fl'ti; — pdund ;— thin, thjs. 



CHRISMAL*, kr?z'-mal. a. Relating to chrism. 
Brerint. 

CHRISMATORY*, krlz'-ma-tiVre. n.s. A little 
vessel for the oil intended for chrism. Bale. 

CHRISOM, krlz'-um. n. s. A child that dies within 
a month after its birth. So called from the chris- 
om-cloth which the children anciently wore till they 
were christened. Graunt. The cloth itself. Bp. 
T<ti,/or. 

CHRIST-CROSS-ROW*, kr?s-kr6s-r6. n. s. An 
old term for the alphabet, probably from the cross 
usually set before it. Wliitlock. 

To CHRISTEN, krls'-sn. 472. v. a. [chpi]-tman, 
Sax.] To baptize. Bp. Taylor. To name. Bur- 
net. 

CHRISTENDOM, kris'-sn-dum. 405. n. s. The re- 
gions of which the inhabitants profess the Christian 
religion. Hooker. 

CHRISTENING, krls'-sn-lng. n. s. The ceremony 
of baptism. Bacon. 

CHRISTENING*, krV-sn-mg. a. Relating to the 
christening. 

CHRISTIAN §, krlst'-yun. 291. n. s. [Christianus, 
Lat.] A professor of the religion of Christ. Acts. 

CHRISTIAN, krist'-yun. 113. a. Professing the re- 
ligion of Christ. Sliak. Ecclesiastical. Blackstone. 

^CHRISTIAN*, krist'-yun. v. a. To christen. 
Fulke. 

CHRISTIAN-NAME, krW-yun-name'. n. s. The 
name given at the font, distinct from the gentilitious 
name, or surname. 

CHRFSTIANISM, krlst'-yun-lzm. n. s. The Chris- 
tian religion. More. The nations professing Chris- 
tianity. 

CHRISTIANITY, kr?s'-tshe-an'-e-te. n. s. The re- 
ligion of Christians. Hooker. 

To CHRISTIANIZE, kr?st'-yun-lze. v. a. To con- 
vert to Christianity. Brown. 

CHRISTIANLIKE*, krk'-yfin-llke 
Christian. Shakspeare. 

CHRISTIANITY*, krfsl'-yun-le. a. 
Christian. Milton. 

CHRISTIANLY, krlst'-yun-le. ad. Like a Chris- 
tian. Milton. 

CHRISTIANNESS*, krlst'-yun-nes. n. s. The pro- 
fession of Christianity. Hammond. 

CHRISTI ANO'GR APHY*, krlst-yun-og'-ra-fe. n. s. 
A general description of the nations professing 
Christianity. Pagitt. 

CHRISTMAS $, krts'-mas. 88, 472. n. s. [Christ 
and mass.~] The day on which the nativity of our 
blessed Saviour is celebrated, by the particular 
service of the church. Wheatley. The season of 
Christmas. SJiakspeare. 

CHRISTMAS-BOX, krV-mas-b&ks. n. s. A box in 
which presents are collected at Christmas. Gay. 

CHRISTMAS-FLOWER, krfs'-mas-fM-ur. n. s. 
Hellebore. 

CHRIST S-THORN, krlsts'-tfiorn. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

CHROMA'TICK, kro-mat'-lk. a. [ X ^a^ Relat- 
ing to colour. Dnjden. ' Relating to a certain spe- 
cies of ancient musick, now unknown. Arhuthnot. 
Relating to a particular style in musick, moving 
by semi-tones or half notes. Milton. 

CHRO'NICAL, kr&n'-e-kal. ) 509. a. Wodvo^ Re- 

CHRO'NICK, kr&n'4k. \ lating to a disease 
of long duration. Quincy. 

CHRO'NICLE §, kr&n'-e-kl. 353, 405. n. s. A regis- 
ter of events in order of time. Sliak. A history. 
Spenser. 
To CHRO NTCLE, kr&n'-e-kl. 405. v. a. To record 
in chronicle. Spenser. To register. SJmkspeare. 

CHRONICLER, kr&n'-e-klur. 98. n. s. A writer 

of chronicles. Donne. An historian. Spenser. 
CHRO'NIQUE*, kr&n'-lk. n. s. [Fr.] A chronicle. 
L. Addison. 

CHRONOGRAM, kron'-o-gram. n. s. { xp 6vog and 
yndfo).] An inscription including the date of any 
action. Of this kind the following is an example : 
Gloria lausque Deo, saeCLor VM in ssec Via sunto. 
Howell. 



a. Befitting a 
Becoming: a 



CHRpNOGRAMMA'TICAL, kr6n-n&-gram mat' 

e-kal. a. Belonging to a chronogram. 
CHRONOGRA'MMATIST,kr&n-n6-gram'-ma-t?st. 

n. s. A writer of chronograms. Addison. 
CHRONO'GRAPHER*, kro-ndg'-ra-iur. n. s. A 

ehronologist. Selden. 
CHRON0 7 GRAPHY*, kr6-nog'-ra-fe. n. s. The 

description of past time. 
CHRONO'LOGER, kr&-nolM6-j&r. n. s. He that 

studies or explains the science of computing past 

time. Holder. 
CHRONOLOGICAL, kr&n-no-l&dje'-e-kal. a. Re- 
lating to the doctrine of time. Hale. 
CHRONOLO'GIC A LLY, kron-no-l&dje'-e-kal-le. 

ad. In a chronological manner. Ld. Cliesterfield. 
CHRONOLO'GICK*, kron-no-l&dje'-lk.a. Denoting 

periods of time. T. Warton. 
CHRONO'LOGIST, kr6-n6l'-o-j?st. n. s. A chro- 

nologer. Brown. 
CHRGNO'LOGY, kr6-n&l'-6-je. n. s. [ X pSvog and 

\byos.] The science of computing and adjusting 

the periods of time. Holder. 
CHRONO'METER, kr&-n&m'-me-tur. n. s. [ X p6vos 

and ^f'rpor.] An instrument for the mensuration 

of time. Derham. 
CHRYSALIS, krls'-sa-lk 503. n. s. [ X pvcos.-] Au- 

relia, or the first apparent change of the maggot of 

any species of insects. Chambers. 
CHRYSOLITE, krls'-s6-llte. 155. n. s. [ X pvcog and 

\tQos.~] A precious stone of a dusky green, with 

a cast of vellow. Woodward. 
CHRYSO'PRASUS, krl-sop'-ra-sfis. n. s. [ X pvco S 

and prasinns.~] A precious stone of a yellow col 

our, approaching to green. Rev. 
CHUB§, tshub. n.s. A river fish. The chevin 

Walton. 
CHU'BBED, tshub'-bld. 99. a. Big-headed like a 

chub. 
CHU'BBY*, tshub'-be. ) a. Having a large or 

CHU'BFACED*, tshiib'-faste. $ fat face. Marston. 
! To CHUCK §, tshuk. v. n. To make a noise like a 

hen, when she calls her chickens. 
To CHUCK, tshuk. v. a. To call as a hen calls her 

young. Dryden. To give a gentle pat under the 

chin. Congreve. 
To CHUCK §*, tshuk. v. n. To jeer; to laugh. 
To CHUCKS*, tshuk. v. a. To throw, by a quick 

'motion, any weight to a given place. 
CHUCK, tshuk. n. s. The voice of a hen. Temple. 

A word of endearment. Sliak. A sudden small 

noise. A pat under the chin. 
CHUCK-FARTHING, tshuk'-far-TH?ng. n.s. A 

play, at which the money falls with a chuck intc 

the hole beneath. Arbuthnot. 
To CHUCKLE, tshuk'-kl. 405. v. n. [scuccherare^ 

Ital.] To laugh vehemently, or convulsively'. 

Dryden. 
To CHUCKLE, tshfik'-kl. v. a. To call as a hen 

Dn/den. To fondle. Dryden. 
To C'HUD*, tshud. v. a. To champ or bile. Stafford 
CHU'ET. tshc-S'-ft. 99. n. s. Forced meat. Bacon. 
CHUFFS, tshuff. n.s. [joffu, old Fr.] A coarse, fat 

headed, blunt clown. Sliakspeare. 
CHU'FFILY, tshuf'-fe-lc. ad. Surlily. Richardson. 
CHU'FFINESS, tshuf-fe-nes. n.s. Clownishness. 
CHU'FFY, tshuf fe. a. Blunt; surly; fat. Main 

tearing. 
CHUM, tshfim. n. s. [chom, Armorick.] A chamber 

fellow in the universities. 
CHUMP, tshump. it. s. A thick, heavypiece of wood, 

less than a block. Moxon. 
CHURCH $, tshurtsh. n. s. [cip.ee, Sax.l The col- 
lective body of Christians, usually termed the catho- 

lick church. Hooker. The body of Christians of 

one particular opinion. Watts. The place which 

Christians consecrate to the worship of God. Ay- 

liff'e. Ecclesiastical authority or power. Sir G. 

Wheler. 
To CHURCH, tshurtsh. v. a. To perform with any 

one the office of returning thanks in the church, 

after any signal deliverance. Wheatly. 
CHURCH-ALE, tsh&rtsh-ale'. n. s. {church and ale.] 
191 



CHY 



CIC 



O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pk ;— 



A wake, or feast, commemoratory of the dedica- 
tion of the church. Cartd\ 
CHURCH- ATT IRE, tshurtsh-at-dre'. n. s. The 
habit in which men officiate at divine service. 
Hooker. 
CHURCH-AUTHORITY, tshfirtsh'-aw-tfidr'-e-te. 

n. s. Ecclesiastical power. Atterbury. 
CHURCH-BENCH* tshftrtsh'-bensh. n.s. The 

seat in the porch of a church. Shakspeare. 
CHURCH- BURIAL, U.'.&rtsh'-beV-re-al. n. s. Buri- 
al according- to the rites of the church. Ayliffe. 
CHU'RCHING* tshurtsh'-fng. n. s. The act of re- 
turning thanks in the church. Wlieatly. 
CHURCHDOM*, tsh&rtsh'-dum. n.s. Establish- 
ment ; government. Pearson. 
CHURCH-FOUNDER, tshurtsh / -f6un / -dur. n. s. 

He that builds or endows a church. Hooker. 
CHURCH-LAND*, tshurtsh'-land. n. s. Land be- 
longing to churches. Sir H. Yelverton. 
CHURCH-LIKE*, tshurtshMlke. a. Befitting a 

churchman. Slmkspeare. 
CHU'RCHMAN, tshurtsh'-man. 88. n. s. An ecele- 

siastick; a clergyman. Bacon. An adherent to 

the church of Engiv nd. 
CHURCH-MUSICK*, tshurtsh'-mu-zlk. n. s. The 

service of chant and anthem in churches and ca- 
thedrals. Warton. 
CHURCH-PREFERMENT*, tshurtsh'-pre-feV- 

ment. n. s. Benefice in the church. B. Jonson. 
CHU'RCHSHIP*, tshurtsh'-ship. n. s. Institution 

of the church. South. 
CHURCH-WARDEN, tshurtsh-war / -dn. 103. n. s. 

An officer yearly chosen to look to the church, 

church-yard, and such things as belong to both. 

Cou-el. 
CHU'RCHWAY*, tshurtsh'-wa. n. s. The road 

that leads to the church. Shakspeare. 
CHU'RCHWORK* tshurtsh'-w&rk. n. s. Work 

carried on slowly. 
CHURCHYARD, tshfirtsh'-yard. n. s. The ground 

adjoining to the church, in which the dead are 

buried. Bacon. 
CHURL$, tshurl. n. s. [ceop.1, Sax.] A rustick. 

Spenser. A surly, ill-bred man. Sidney. A miser ; 

a niggard. Isaiah. 
CHURLISH, tshur'-lish. a. Rude; brutal. Shah. 

Selfish; avaricious. 1 Sam. [Of things.] Unpliant; 

cross-grained. Bacon. Vexatious ; obstructive. 

Shakspeare. 
CHU'RLISHLY, tshdy-lish-le. ad. Rudelv. Eeclus. 
CHURLISHNESS, tslnV-lish-nes. n. s. "Brutality. 

Eeclus. Difficulty of management. Bacon. 
CHU'RLY* tshurMe.a.Rude; boisterous. Quarks. 
CHURME. tshfirm. n.s. [cyjime, Sax.] A confused 

sound ; a noise. Bacon. 
CHURN §, tsh&rn. n. s. [kern, Dutch.] The vessel in 

which butter is, by agitation, coagulated. Gay. 
To CHURN, tshurn. v. a. To agitate by a violent 

motion. Dry den. To make butter by agitating 

the milk. Shakspeare. 
CHU'RNING*, tshurn'-mg. n.s. The act of making 

butter. Proverbs. 
CHU'RNSTAFF*, tshurn'-staf. n. s. The instrument 

employed for churning. Sherwood. 
CHU'RRWORM, tshur'-warm. n.s. An insect; a 

fancricket. Skinner. 
To CHUSE. See To Choose. 
CHYLA'CEOUS, kl-la'-shfis. 186. a. Belonging to 

chyle. Floyer. 
CHYLE§, kile. 353. n.s. [x^os.] The juice formed 

in the stomach by digestion, and afterwards 

changed into blood. Blackmore. 
CHYLIFA'CTION, kll-le-fak'-shun. n. s. The pro- 
cess of making chyle. Arbidhnot. 
CHYLIFACTIVE, kil-le-fak'-tlv. a. Having the 

power of making chyle. 
CHYLIFICA'TORYt, kll-e-fe-ka'-t6-re. 512. a. 

Making chvle. 
CHYLOPOE'TICK, kl-l6- P 6-et'-ik. a. Having the 



power of forming chyle. Arbuthnot 
CHYLOUS, klM&s. 160. 



Arbuthnot. 



Consisting of chyle. 



CHY'MICAL, kfm'-e-kal. ) a. Made by chymistry. 
CHY'MICK, kim'-mik. $ Dryden. Relating te 

chymistry. Dryden. 
CHY'MICK, kW-ik. n.s. A chymist. Hakewill. 
CIFSf 'MIC ALLY, kim'-me-kal-le. ad. In a chymical 

manner. Burton. 
CHY'MISTy, kfm'-mlst. n. s. A professor of chymis 

try. Pope. 

05"° Scholars have lately discovered, that all the nations 
of Europe have, for many centuries past, been erroneous 
in spelling this word with a y instead of an e ; that is, 
chymist instead of chemist .- and if we crave their rea- 
sons, they very gravely tell us, that, instead of deriving 
the word from X"!* *! J u ' ce ) or from ^eo, %cuw, or vww. 
to melt, it is more justly derived from the Arabick kema, 
black. But Dr. Johnson, who very well understood every 
thing that could be urged in favour of the new orthogra- 
phy, haa very judiciously continued the old ; and, indeed, 
till we see better reasons than have yet appeared, it seems 
rather to savour of an affectation of oriental learning 
than a li beral desire to rectify and improve our language. 
But let the word originate in the east or west, among 
the Greeks or Arabians, we certainly received it from 
our common linguaducts, {if the word will be pardoned 
me) the Latin and French, which still retain either the 
y, or its substitute t. 

Besides, the alteration produces a change in the pronun- 
ciation, which, from its being but slight, is the less like- 
ly to be attended to; and therefore the probability is. 
that, let us write the word as we will, we shall still con- 
tinue to pronounce the old way ; for in no English word 
throughout the language does the e sound like y, or i 
short, when the accent is on it. 

This improvement, therefore, in our spelling, would, in 
all probability, add a new irregularity to our pronun- 
ciation, already encumbered with too many. Warbur- 
ton, in his edition of Pope's works, seems to have been 
the first writer of note who adopted this mode of spell- 
ing from Boerhaave and the German criticks ; and he 
seems to have been followed by all the inscriptions on the 
chyrnists' shops in the kingdom. But till the voice of the 
people has more decidedly declared itself, it is certainly 
the most eligible to follow Dr. Johnson and our estab- 
lished writers in the old orthography. — See Mr. Nares's 
English Orthoepy, page 285, where the reader will see 
judiciously exposed the folly of altering settled modes 
of spelling for the sake of far-fetched and fanciful ety- 
mologies. W. 

CHYMFSTICAL*, ke-nuV-te-kal. a. Relating to 
chymistry. Bwton. 

CHEMISTRY, kW-mfs-tre. n. s. fofyof, or ^'w, to 
melt ; or, according to some, from an oriental word. 
kema, black, or chemia.~] An art whereby sensible 
bodies are so changed, by means of fire, that their 
several powers and virtues are thereby discovered. 
Boerhaave. 

CIBA'RIOUS, sl-ba'-re-us. 121. a. [cibarius, Lat.] 
Relating to food. 

CFBOL, sib'-ul. n. s. [ciboule, Fr.] A small sort of 
onion. Mortimer. 

CFCATRICES, or CFCATRLX$, s?k'-a-trfs. 142. 
n. s. [cicatrix, Lat.] The scar remaining after a 
wound. Shakspeare. A mark. Slutkspeare. 

CICATRFSANT, sik-a-trl'-zibt. n. s. An applica- 
tion that induces a cicatrice. 

C1CATRFSIVE, slk-a-tri'-sk. 158, 428. a. Proper 
to induce a cicatrice. 

CICATRIZATION, slk-a-tre-za'-shfin. n. s. The 
act of healing the wound. Han:ey. The state ot 
being healed, or skinned over. Sharp. 

To CFCATRIZE, slk'-a-trlze. v. a. To heal and in- 
duce the skin over a sore. Wiseman. 

CFCELY, sls'-le. n. s. A sort of herb. 

CICERO' NE*, sis-e-r6'-ne. n. s. [Ital.J plural cice- 
roni. A word of modern introduction into our 
speech, for a guide. Shenstone. 

CICERO'NIANISM*, s?s-e-r6'-ne-an-?zm. n.s. An 
imitation of the style of Cicero. Milton. 

CICHO'RACEOUS, slk-A-ra'-sbfis. a. [ciclwriwtt, 
Lat.] Having the qualities of succory. Floyer. 

CICH-PEASE, tshik'-peez. n. s. A plant. 

To CFCURATE $, sik'-u-rate. 91, 503. v. a. [cicuro. 
I ,at.] To tame. Brown. 

CICURA'TION, slk-u-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of re- 
claiming from wildness. Ray 
5 192 



CIP 



cm 



— n6, move, n5r, mSt;— tube, tub, bull;— oil;— p6undj— th'm, Tui 



CICUTAt, se-ku'-ta. 91. n. s. A genus of plants;) 
water-hemlock. 

GO*, sul. n. 5. [Span.] A chief; a commander. 

CTDER5, sl'-d&r. n. s. [cidre, Fr.] All kind of strong 
licjuors, except wine. In this sense. Ob. ./. WicKffe. 
Liquor made of the juice of fruits pressed. Ba- 
ron. The juice of apples fermented. This is now 
the sense. Phillips. 

CIDERIST, sl'-dur-ist. 93. n. 5. A maker of cider. 
imer. 

CI DERKIN, sl'-d&r-kln. n. s. Liquor made, of the 
gross matter of apples, after the cider is pressed out. 
Mortimer. 

TIE LING. See Ceiling. 

CIERGE. seerje. n.s. [Fr.] A candle carried in 
processions. 

CI LIARY, su'-va-re. 113. a. [cUium, Lat.] Belong- 
in? to the eve-fids. Ran. 

CILI'CIOUS, se-lish'-us. 314. a. [cilicium, Lat.] 
Made of hair. Brown. 

CIMAR. See Chimkre, and Simar. 

CI MBRICK*, slm'-brlk. n.s. [Cimbricus , hat] The 
language of the Cimbri, people of Jutland and 
Holstein. Wotton. 

CIME LI ARCH, se-mel'-e-ark. n. s. [jcsi/iijXtap^s.] 
The chief keeper of things of value belonging to a 
church. Did. 

CI METER, sim'-e-tur. 98. n.s. [chimetier, Turk.] A 
sort of sword used by the Turks. Sltak. It is some- 
times erroneously spelled scimitar and scy miter. 

CI .MISS*, sim'-is. n. s. [cimex, Lat.] The bug. 

CIMME RIAN*, sim-me'-re-an. a. [from Cimmeni, 
people of Italy, living in a valley, which the sun 
never visited.] Extremely dark. Sidney. 

CINCTURE, smgk'-tshure. 461. n. s. [cinciura, 
Lat.] Something worn round the body. Sliak. An 
enclosure. Bacon. A ring or list at the top and 
bottom of the shaft of a column. Chambers. 

CINDERS, sk'-d&r. 98. n. s. [cineres, Lat.] A mass 
ignited and quenched, without being reduced to 
ashes. Shak. A hot coal that has ceased to flame. 
Swift. 

CI NDER-WENCH, sin'-dfir-wensh. ? n. s. A wo- 

CI NDER-WOMAN,s!n'-dur-wum-&n. \ man whose 
trade is to rake in heaps of ashes for cinders. Ar- 
buthnof. 

CINERA'TION $. sin-e-ra'-shun. n. s. The reduc- 
tion of any thing to ashes. 

CINE REOUS*, se-ne'-re-us. a. Of ash colour. Pen- 
nant. 

CINERITIOUS, sm-e-rish'-fts. a. Having the form 
or state of ashes. Cheyne. 

CLNE'RULENT, se-neV-u-lent. 121. a. Full of 
ashes. Did. 

CI'NGLE, smg'-gl. 405. n. s. A girth for a horse. 
Did. 

CINNABAR, s?n'-na-bar. 166. n. s. [iciwdPapi.] A 
species of the genus mercury. Woodward. 

CINNABAR, sm'-na-bar. n. s. [In chymistry.] A 
sulphuret of mercury. 

CINNAMON, s7n'-na-m?in. 166. n. s. [kinnamon, 
Heb.] The fragrant bark of a tree in the island of 
Ceylon. Chambers. 

CINQUE, siugk. 415. n.s. [Fr.] A five. Potter. 

CINQUE-FOIL, singk'-fo?l. n. s. [cinque feuille, Fr.] 
A kind of five-leaved clover. 

CINQUE-PACE, singk'-pase. n. s. [cinque pas, Fr.] 
A kind of grave dance. Slmkspeare. 

CINQUE-PORTS, singk'-pirts. n. s. The cinque 
ports are Dover, Sandwich, Hastings. Romney, 
Hythe, Winchelsea, Rye, and Seaford : the last 
three having been added since the first institution. 
Cowel. 

CINQUE-SPOTTED, singk'-s P 6t-ted. a. Having 
five spots. Shakspeare. 

CI'ON, sl'-ftn. 166. n. s. [scion, Fr.] A sprout. Slialc. 

The shoot engrafted on a stock. Bacon. 
CITHER §, sl'-f&r. 98. n.s. [chifre, Fr.] An arith- 
metical character; a figure. An arithmetical 
mark, which, standing for nothing itself, in- 
creases the value of the other figures. Chambers. 
An intertexture of letters engraved usually on 
1?> 



plate. Pope. A character in general. Rakish. 
A secret or occult manner of writing, or the key to 
it. Hakewill. A species of juggling. Sjxiistr. 

To CITHER, sl'-f&r. v. n. To practise arithmetiek. 
Arbuthnot. 

To CITHER, sl'-f&r. u.a.To write in occult charac 
ters. Hayward. To designate ; to characterize 
Shakspeare. 

CIRC*, serk. n. s. [circus, Lat.] An amphitheatrical 
circle for sports. Warton. 

CIRCE'NSIAL*, ser-seV-shal. \a. Relating to the 

CIRCE NSIAN*. se>-seV-shan. ) exhibitions in the 
amphitheatres of Rome. Kennet. 

To CI'RCINATES, seV-se-nate. v. a. [ci'rono, Lat.] 
To make a circle. Bailey. 

CIRCINA'TION, ser-se-ha'-sh&n. n.s. An orbicular 
motion. Bailey. 

CIRCLES, ser'-kl. 103, 405. n. s. [circulus, Lat.] A 
line continued till it ends where it began, having 
all its parts equidistant from a common centre. 
Locke. The space included in a circular line. A 
round body; an orb. Isaiali. Compass; enclosure. 
Shak. An assembly surrounding the principal 
person. Pope. A company. Addison. Any series 
ending as it begins, and perpetually repeated. 
Bacon. An inconclusive form of argument, in 
which the foregoing proposition is proved by the 
following, and the following is inferred from the 
foregoing. Glamille. Circumlocution. Fldcher. 
Circles of the German empire. Such provinces as 
have a right to be present at diets. Trevoux. 

To CI'RCLE, ser'-kl. v. a. To move round any 
thing. Bacon. To enclose; to surround. Shak. 

To CIRCLE in. To confine. Digby. 

To CI'RCLE, ser'-kl. v. n. To move circularlv. 
Phillips. 

CIRCLED, seV-kld. 359. a. Round. Shakspeare. 

CIRCLER*, seV-kler. n.s. A mean poet- a circu- 
lar poet. B. Jonson. 

CFRCLET, ser'-kllt. n. s. A little circle. Shakspeare. 

CIRCLING, ser'-kllng. pad. a. Circular; round. 
Milion. 

CLRCLY*, s&rk'-le. a. In the form of a circle. Ha- 
loet. 

CIRCUITS, seV-kit. 341, 108. n. s. [cirmitus, Lat.] 
The act of moving round. Watts. The space en- 
closed in a circle. Milton. Space ; extent ; meas- 
ured bv travelling round. Hooker. A ring; a dia- 
dem. Sliak. The visitations of the judges for hold- 
ing assizes. Davies. The tract of country visited 
bv the judges. Bp. of Chichester. Circumlocu- 
tion. Donne. 

CI'RCUIT of Action. A longer course of proceeding, 
to recover {he thing sued for, than is needful. Cowel. 

To CI'RCUIT*, ser'-ldt. r. n. To move circularlv. 
Phillips. 

To CI'RCUIT, seV-kit. v. a. To move round. 
Warton. 

CIRCUTTE'ER, ser-kit-teer'. n. s. [formerly written 
circuiter] One that travels a circuit. Wliitlock. 

CIRCUTTION, ser-ku-ish'-fin. n. s. The act of going- 
round anything. Pearson. Compass; maze of ar- 
gument. Hooker. 

CIRCUITOUS*, ser-ku'-e-tus. a. Round about. 
Burke. 

CIRCU'lTOUSLY* ser-ku'-e-t&s-le. ad. In a circu 
itous manner. 

CI'RCULABLE*, seV-ku-la-bl. a. That which may 
be circulated. 

CI'RCULAR, ser'-ko-l&r. 88, 418. a. Round, like a 
circle. Spenser. Successive in order. Sanrlys. 
Vulgar; mean; eircumforaneous. Dennis. End- 
ing in itself, used of a paralogism, where the second 
proposition at once proves the first, and is proved 
by it. Baker. Perfect ; complete. Massinger.- Cir- 
cular letter. A letter directed to several persons on 
some common affair. Circular lines. The lines 
of sines, tangents, and secants, on the plain scale 
and sector. ''Circular sailing, is that performed on 
the arch of a great circle. 

CIRCULARITY, ser-ku-lar'-e-te. n. s. A circular 
form. Br oxen. 

193 



cm 



cm 



O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin ;- 



CIRCULARLY, se^ki'i-lor-le. ad. In form of a 

circle. Burnet. With a circular motion. Dryden. 

CIRCULARY* seV-ku-la-re. a. Ending- in itself. 

Hooker. 
To CIRCULATE, ser'-ku-late. 91. v. n. To move 

in a circle. Denham. To be dispersed. Addison. 
To CIRCULATE, ser'-ku-late. * a. To travel 

round. Bp. H. Croft. To put about. Swift. 
CIRCULATION, ser-ku-la'-shun. n.s. Motion in a 
circle. Burnet. A series in which the same order 
is always observed, and things always return to the 
same state. K. Charles. A reciprocal interchange 
of meaning. Hooker. Currency of a substitute lor 
money. Burke. 
CIRCULATO'RIOUS* ser-ku-la-uV-re-uf.n.s.One 
that travels in a circuit; one that shows tricks from 
house to house. Barrow. 
CIRCULATORY, ser'-ku-la-tfir-e. 512. n.s. A 

chvmical vessel. 
CI'RCULATORY, seV-ku-la-tur-e. a. Circular. 
CIRCULATORY* seV-ku-la-tur-e. a. The same as 

circulatorious, in its low sense. Warton. 
CIRCUMAMBIENCY, ser-kum-am'-be-en-se. n. s 

The act of encompassing. Brown. 
CIRCUMAMBIENT $ ? seY-kum-am'-be-ent. a. [cir 

cum and ambio, Lat.] Surrounding. Howell. 
To CIRCUMAMBULATE, ser-kum-am'-bu-late 
91. v. n. [circum and ambulo, Lat.] To walk round 
about. 
CIRC UMCELLIO'NES*, seY-kum-s^l-le-o'-nez. 
n. s. A set of illiterate peasants, who adhered to the 
party of the Donatists, in the fourteenth century. 
To CIRCUMCISES, ser'-kum-slze. v. a. [circum- 
cido, Lat.] To cut the prepuce or foreskin, accord- 
ing to the law given to the Jews. St. Luke. 
CIRCUMCISER* ser'-kum-si-z&r. n. s. He who 

circumcises. Milton.. 
CIRCUMCISION, ser-kum-sfzh'-un. n. s. The rite 

of cutting off the foreskin. Milton. 
CIRCUMCURSA'TION*, ser-kum-kur-za'-shfin. 
n. s. [circum and cursor, Lat.] The act of running 
up and down. Barrow. 
To CIRCUMDUCT §, ser-kum-dfikt'. v. a. [circum- 

duco, Lat.] To contravene ; to nullify. Ayliffe. 
CIRCUMDU'CTION, ser-kfim-duk'-shun. n. s. Nul- 
lification. Ayliffe. A leading about. Hooker. 
CIRCUMFERENCE fr, ser-kftm'-fe-rense. n. s. [cir- 
cumferenlia, Lat.] The periphery. Milton. The 
space enclosed in a circle. Milton. The external 
part of an orbicular body. Newton. An orb; a 
circle. Milton. 
To CIRCUMFERENCE, ser-kvW-fe-rense. v. a. 

To include in a circular space. Brovm. 
CIRCUMFERENTIAL*, sfr-kum-fe-ren'-shal. a. 

Circular. Barroiu. 
CIRCUMFERE'NTOR, ser-k&m-fe-ren'-tur. 166. 
n. s. An instrument used in surveying, for measur- 
ing angles, by the magnetick needle. Clwinbers. 
To CIRCUMFLECT*, sey-kfim-flekt. v. a. [cir- 
cumflecto, Lat.] To place the circumflex on words. 
CIRCUMFLEX, ser / -kum-fle ! ks. n. s. An accent 
used to regulate the pronunciation of syllables, 
including or participating the acute and grave. 
Holder. 

$jT All our prosodists tell us, that the circumflex accent 
is a composition of the grave and the acute ; or that it 
is a raising and falling of the voice upon the same syl- 
lable. If they are desired to exemplify this by actual 
pronunciation, we find they cannot do it, and only pay 
us with words. This accent, therefore, in the ancient 
as well as modem languages, with respect to sound, has 
no specifick utility. The French, who make use of this 
circumflex in writing, appear, in the usual pronuncia- 
tion of it, to mean nothing more than long quantity. — 
See Baryton. — If the inspector would wish to see a 
rational account of this accent, as well as of the grave 
and acute, let him consult a work lately published by 
the author of this [Walker'sl Dictionary, called A 
Rhetorical Grammar, the third edition ; or, A Key to 
the Classical Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Proper 
Names. W. 



CIRCU'MFLUENCE, ser-kflm'-flu-ense. n. 
enclosure of waters. 



An 



CIRCU'MFLUENT§, ser-kum'-flu-ent. a. [circum 

fhums, Lat.] Flowing round any thing;. Pope. 
CIRCUMFLUOUS, ser-kum'-fiu-us. a. Environing 

with waters. Milton. 
CIRCUMFORA'NEAN*, ser-kum-f6-ra'-ne-an. a. 

Travelling about. Burton. 
CIRCUMFORANEOUS, ser-knm-fo-ra'-ne-fis. 314 
a. [circuvifwaneas , Lat.] Wandering from house to 
house. Addison. 
To CIRCUMFU'SES, ser-kum-fuze'. v. a. [circum 

fusvs, Lat.] To pour round. Bacon. 
CIRCUMFUSILE, ser-kum-iW-su. 427. a. That 

which may be poured round. Pope. 
CIRCUMFUSION, ser-kum-fiV-zhun. n.s. Spread 

ing round. Swift. 
CIRCUMGEST ATION*, ser-kum-jes-uV-shun. n.s. 

Carrying about. Bp. Taylor. 
To ClRCU'MGYRATE §, ser-kum'-je-rate. v. a. 

[circum and gyrus, Lat.] To roll round. More. 
CIRCUMGYRATION, ser-k&nvje-ra'-shun. n. s. 

The act of running round. Sir T. Herbert. 
To CIRCUMGY'RE* ser-k&m-jhV. v. n. To roll 

about. Sir T. Herbert.. 
CIRCUMFTION, ser-kftm-lsh'-un. n. s. [circumeo, 

Lat.] The act of gome: round. Diet. 
CIRCUMJACENT, sef-kum-ju/-sent. a. [circum- 
jacens, Lat.] Lying around any thing. Drum- 
mond. 
CIRCUMLIGATION, ser-kum-le-ga'-shun. n. s. 
[circumligo, Lat.] The act of binding round. The 
bond encompassing. 
CIRCUMLOCUTION, se>-kfim-l6-kiV-shun. n. s. 
[circumlocutio, Lat.] A circuit or compass of words ; 
periphrasis. Dryden. The use of indirect expres- 
sions. Bale. 
CIRCUMLOCUTORY* sSr-kum-l&k'-u-to-re. a. 

Periphrastical. Arbuthnot. 
CIRCUMMU'RED, ser-kum-murd'. 359. a. [circum 

and murus, Lat.] Walled round. Shakspeare. 
CIRCUMNAVIGABLE, ser-kum-nav'-e-ga-bl. a. 

That which may be sailed round. Ray. 
To CIRCUMNAVIGATE, ser-kfim-nav'-e-gate. 
v. a. [circum and navigo, Lat.] To sail round. Sir 
T. Herbert. 
CIRCUMNAVIGATION, ser-kum-nav-e-g-V-shtm. 

n. s. Sailing round. Arbuthnot. 
CIRCUMNAVIGATOR, ser-kfim-nav-e-ga'-tur. 

n. s. One that sails round. Guthrie. 
CIRCUMPLIC ATION, ser-k&m-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. 
[circwnplico, Lat.] Enwrapping on every side. 
The state of being enwrapped. 
CIRCUMPO'LAR, ser-kum-p6'-lar. 418. a. Round 
the pole : said of stars near the north pole, which 
move round it. 
CIRCUMPOSFTION, ser-kum-prWsh'-fin. // s. 

Placing any thing circularly. Evely7i. 
CIRCUMRASION, ser-kum-ra'-zhun. n.s. [cxreum- 

rasio, Lat.] Shaving or paring round. 
CIRCUMROTA'TION, sSr-kflm-ro-ia'-slum. n. s. 
[circum and roto, Lat.] The act of whirling round; 
circumvolution. Gregory. The state of being 
whirled round. 
CIRCUMRO'TATORY*, ser-kum-r6'-ta-t6-re. a 

Whirling round. Shenstone. 
To CIRCUMSCRFBE§, ser-kum-skrlbe 7 . v. a. [cir- 
cum and scriho, Lp4.] To enclose in certain boun- 
daries. To bound ; to limit. Shak. To write 
around. Ashmok. 
CIRCUMSCRIPTIBLE* ser-k&m-skrlp'-te-bl. a. 
That which may be limited or contained within 
bounds. Bullokar. 
CIRCUMSCRIPTION, ser-kum-skrfp'-shun. n. s. 
Determination of particular form. Ray. Limita- 
tion. Shakspeare. A circular inscription. Ash- 
mole. 
CIRCUMSCRIPTIVE, ser-kum-skrfp'-uV. a. En- 
closing the superficies. Grew. 
CIRCUMSCRIPTIVELY*, s^r-kftm-skrlp'-tiv-le. 

ad. In a limited manner. Mountasu. 
CIRCUMSPE'CT$, ser'-k&m-spSkt. a. [ciram- 
spectus, Lat.] Cautious ; attentive to every thing. 
Shakspeare. 

194 



CIS 



CIV 



116, move, n6r, ndt 5— tube, tub, bull ;— dil ;— pound ;—th\n, this. 



To CIRCUMSPECT*, seV-kum-spekt. v. a. To ex- 
amine carefully. Neuxowi. 
CIRCUMSPE'CTION, ser-kom-spek'-shon. n. s. 

Watchfulness on every side. Clarendon. 
CIRCUMSPECTIVE; ser-kum-spek'-tlv. a. Atten- 
tive ; cautious. Pope. 
CIRCUMSPE'CTIVELY, ser-kum-spek'-t'iv-le. ad. 

Cautiouslv. 
CIRCUMSPECTLY, seV-kflm-spekt-le. ad. Vig- 

ilantlv. Ray. 
CI'RCUMSPECTNESS, seV-kum-spekt-nCs. n. s. 

Caution. 
CIRCUMSTANCE §,seV-kum-stanse. n. s. [circum- 
stantia. Lat.] Something appendant or relative to a 
fact. Bacon. The adjuncts of a fact. Shak. Ac- 
cident 3 something - adventitious. Davies. Inci 
dent ; event. Clarendon. Condition ; state of af- 
fairs. Bacon. Circumlocution. Barret. 
To CIRCUMSTANCE, ser'-kfim-stanse. r. a. To 

place in a particular situation. Donne. 
CIRCUMSTANT, seV-kum-slant. a. Surrounding-. 

Digby. 
CIRC UMST ANTI ABLE*, ser-kfim-stan'-she-a-bl. 
a. Capable of being circumstantiated. Bp. Taijlor. 
CIRCUMSTANTIAL, ser-kfim-stan'-shal. a. Acci- 
dental; not essential. Slutk. Incidental; happen- 
ing by chance. Donne. Full of small events ; par- 
ticular. Prior. 
CIRCU3ISTANTLVLITY, ser-kdm-stan-she-al'-e- 

te. n.s. The appendage of circumstances. 
CIRCUMSTANTIALLY, ser-kum-stan'-shal-le.atf. 
According to circumstances. Glanville. Minutely. 
Broome. 
To CIRCUMSTANTIATE, seV-kfim-suV-she-ate. 
91. r. a. To place in particular circumstances. Bp. 
Bramhall. To place in a condition with regard to 
wealth. Swift. 
ClRCUMTERRA'NEOUS*.ser-kum-ter-ra / -ne-us. 
a. [dream and terra, Lat.] Round the earth. Hal- 
lywell. 
To CIRCUMVA'LLATES, ser-kum-val'-late. 91. 
r. a. [circumvallo, Lat.] To enclose round with for- 
tifications. 
CIRCUMVALLATION, ser-kum-val-Ia'-shun. n.s. 
The art of casting up fortifications round a place. 
The fortifications themselves. Howell. 
CIRCUMVENTION, ser-kum-vek'-shun. n.s. [cir- 
cumveclio, Lat.] The act of carrying round. The 
state of being- carried round. 
To CIRCUMVENTS ser-kftm-vent'. w. a. [circum- 

venin. Lat.] To deceive ; to cheat. Knolles. 
CIRCU3IVENTION,ser-kum-ven / -sh5n.«. 5 .Fraud; 

imposture. South. Prevention. Shakspeare. 
CIRCUMVENTIVE*, ser-kum-veV-tlv. a. Delu- 
ding ; cheating. 
To CIRCUMVENT $, ser-kum-vest;. v. a. [circum- 
vestio, Lat.] To cover round with a garment. 
Wotton. 
CIRCUMVOLUTION, ser-kum-vo-la'-shun. n. s. 

[circumrolo, Lat.] The act of flying round. 
CIRCUMVOLUTION, ser-kum-vcT-liV-shun. n. s. 
The act of rolling round. More. The state of be- 
ing rolled round. Arbuthnot. The thing rolled round 
another. Wilkins. 
[ToCIRCUMVO'LVES, ser-kum-v6lv'. v. a. [cir- 

rumvolvo, Lat.] to roll round. Sir T. Herbert. 
CIRC US, seV-kfis. ? 415. n. s. [circus, Lat.] An open 
CIRQUE, setk. 337. ) space or area for sports, with 

seats round for the spectators. Sidney. 
CIS.VLPINE* sis-al'-pln. a. [cis and. Alpes, Lat.] 

On this side the Alps. 
CISSO'lD*, sis-sSId'. n. s. A curve of the second or- 

CFSSOR*. See Cizar and Scissor. 

CIST'S, slst. n.s. [cista, Lat.] A case; a tegument; 
the enclosure of a tumour. An excavation. Ar- 
ch'vohoia. 

CFSTED, sV-ted. a. Enclosed in a cist. 

CISTERCIAN*, s?s-uV-sb6n. n.s. [Cislevx, in Bur- 
gundy.] A monk of the Cistercian order; a re- 
formed Benedictine. Gray. 

CISTERN, sis'-turn. 98. n. s. [cisterna, Lat.] A re- 



ceptacle of water for domestick uses. South. A res- 
ervoir. Blackmore. Any receptacle of water 
Shakspeare. 
CIST US, sis'-lfts. n. s. [Lat.] A plant. The rock 

rose. 
CIT, sit. n.s. A pert, low citizen. Johnson. 
. CITADEL, sit'-a-del. n.s. [citadelle, Fr.] A fortress 
\ Sidney. 

iCITAL, sl'-tal. n. s. Reproof; impeachment. Shak 
■ Summons; citation. Quotation. 
i CITATION, sl-ta'-shfin. n. s. The calling a person 
I before a judge. Ayliffe. Quotation. The passage 
f or words quoted. Atterbury. Enumeration ; men- 
tion. Harvei/. 
I CFTATORY", sl'-la-t6-re. 512. a. Having the power 
I or form of citation. Ayliffe. 

To CITES, site. v. a. [cito, Lat.] To summon to an 
I swer in a court. Shak. To call upon another au 

thoritatively. SJiak. To quote. Hooker. 
CITER, si'-tfir. n. s. One who cites into a court. One 

who quotes. Atterbury. 
CITE'SS, slt-teV. n. s. A city woman. Dryden. 
CITHERN, sith'-um. 98. n.s. [cithara, Lat.] A kind 

of harp. 1 Mace. 
CITICISM* su'-e-sizm. n.s. The behaviour of a 

citizen. B. Jonson. 
CITIED*, slt'-ld. a. Belonging to a citv. Drayton. 
CITIZEN, slt'-e-zn. 103. n. s. [civis, Lat.] A free- 
man of a city. Raleigh. A townsman ; not a gen- 
tleman. ShaJcspeare. An inhabitant. Dryden. 
CITIZEN, slt'-c-zn.a. Having the qualities of a citi- 
zen. ShaJcspeare. 
CITIZENSHIP*, slt'-e-zn-ship. n. s. The freedom 

of a city. Bp. Home. 
CITRLNATION*, s?t-re-na'-shun. n. s. Turning to a 

yellow colour. Fr. Thyme. 
CITRINE, slt'-rin. 140. a. Of a dark yellow. Grew. 
CITRINE, sfr-rln. 140. n.s. A species of crystal 

very plentiful in the West Indies. Hill. 
CITRON f, slt'-trun. 415. n. s. A large kind of lemon ; 
the citron tree. One sort, with a pointed fruit, is in 
great esteem. 
CITRON-TREE, sh'-trun-tre. n. s. [citrus, Lat.] A 

tree, the fruit of which is in great esteem. Miller. 
CITRON- WATER, sfr'-trun-wa'-lur. n.s. Aqua 

vitae, distilled with the rind of citrons. Pope. 
CITRUL, slt'-trul. n. s. The pompion, so named 

from its yellow colour. 
CITYS, sftMe. n. s. [cite, Fr.] A large collection of 
houses and inhabitants. Temple. A town corporate, 
that hath a bishop and a cathedral church. Cowel. 
The inhabitants of a city. ShaJcspeare. 
CITY, slt'-te. a. Relating to the city. Shak. Re- 
sembling the manners 01 citizens. Shakspeare. 
CIVET, sfv'-ft. 99. n. s. [civette, Fr.] A perfume from 

the civet cat. Bacon. 
CI VICAL*. siv'-e-kal. a. Belonging to civil honours. 

Sir T. Brown. 
CIWICK, sfv'-fk. a. Relating to civil honours. Pope. 
CIVIL S, slv'-U. a. [civilis, Lat.] Relating to the 
community. Hooker. Relating to any man as a 
member of a community. Bp. Taylor. Not in 
anarchy; not wild. Roscommon. Not foreign ; in- 
testine; as, a rit77 war. Bacon. Not ecclesiastical; 
as, the civil courts. Art. of Relig. Not natural ; 
as, civil death. Blackstone. Not military ; as, the 
civil magistrate. Not criminal ; as, a civil process. 
Blackstone. Civilized; not barbarous. Spenser. Con> 
plaisant; well bred. Shak. Grave; sober. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. Relating to the ancient con- 
sular or imperial government ; as, civil law. Shak. 
CIVILIAN, se-vil'-yan. 113. n.s. One that pro- 
fesses the knowledge of the old Roman law, and 
of general equity. Bacon. A student in civil law 
at the university. Graves. 
CIVILISATION, srv-e-le-za'-shun. n.s. A law 
which renders a criminal process civil. Harris. 
The act of civilizing. WaHon. The state of being 
civilized. 
CFVILIST* s?v'-il-?st. n.s. A civilian. Warburton. 
CrvTLITY, se-vlK-e-te. 511. n.s. Freedom from 
barbarity. Spenser. Politeness. Shak. Rule of de- 



CLA 



CLA 



|LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; 



cency. Dryden. Partaking of the nature of a 
civilized state. Bp. Hall. 

To Cl'VILIZE, slv'-H-lze. v. a. To reclaim from 
savageness. Waller. 

CFVIL1ZER, sfv'-fl-ll-zur. n.s. He that reclaims 
from a savage life. Phillips. 

CFVILLY, sfvMl-le. ad. In a manner relating to 
government. Not criminally. Politely; complai- 
santly. Di-yden. Without gay or gaudy colours. 
Bacon. 

CFZAR §*, sfz'-zfir. See Scissor. 

To CFZAR*, sfc'-zfir. v. a. To clip with a pair of 
scissors. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

C1ZE, size. n. s. The quantity of any thing with re- 
gard to its external form. Grew. 

CLACK §, klak. n. s. [clac, claqud, old Fr.] A last- 
ing and importunate noise. Hudibras. — Tlve clack 
of a mill. A bell that rings when more corn is re- 
quired to be put in ; or, that which strikes the hop- 
per, and promotes the running of the corn. Betterton. 

To CLACK, klak. v. n. To make a chinking noise. 
To let the tongue run. 

CLACK-DISH*, klak'-dlsh. it. s. A beggar's dish, 
with a movable cover, which they clack. Shale. 

CLA'CKER*, klak'-ur. n. s. The clack of a mill. 
Blount. 

CLICKING*, Making, n. s. Prating. Bp. Hall. 

CLAD, klad. part.pret. Clothed. Sidney. 

To CLAIMS klame. 202. v. a. [clamer, Fr.] To de- 
mand of right. Locke. To call ; to name. Spenser. 

CLAIM, klame. n. s. A demand of any thing as due. 
Slmk. A title to any privilege or possession. 
Locke. [In law.] A demand of any thing that is 
in the possession of another. Cowel. A call. Spen- 
ser. 

CLAIMABLE, kla'-ma-bl. a. That which may be 
demanded as due. Cotgrave. 

CLAIMANT, kla'-mant. n. s. He that demands any 
thing detained by another. Blackstone. 

CLA'IMER, kla'-m&r. 98. n. s. He that makes a de- 
mand. Temple. 

CLAIR-OBSCURE. See Clare-obscure. 

7'oCLAM§, klam. v. a. [clsemian, Sax.] To clog 
with any glutinous matter. V Estrange. 

To CLAM*, klam. v.n. To be moist. Dryden. 

To CLAM*, klam. v. n. A term in ringing, to unite 
certain sounds in the peal. School of Recreation. 

CLA'MANT*, kla'-mant. a. [clamo, Lat.] Crying ; 
beseeching earnestly. Thoinson. 

To CLA'MBER, klam'-b&r. v. n. [from climb] To 
climb with difficulty. Sliakspeare. 

CLAMMINESS, klam'-me-nes. n. s. Viscosity; vis- 
ciditv. Moxon. 

CLA'MMY, klam'-me. a. [klam, Dutch.] Viscous; 
glutinous. Bacon. 

CLAMOROUS, klam'-mur-us. 555. a. [clamoreux, 
Fr.] Vociferous; noisy. Hooker. 

CLA'MOROUSLY*, klam'-mfir-us-le.od. In a noisy 
manner. Broum. 

CLA'MOUR^klam'-m&r. 418. n 
Outcry; noise. Shakspeare. 

To CLA'MOUR, klam'-mur. v.n. To make outcries ; 

to vociferate. Shakspeare. 
To CLA'MOUR* klam'-mur. v. a. To stun with 

noise. Bacon. 
To CLA'MOUR Bells*. To increase the strokes of 
the clapper on the bell, in falling it. Warburton. 

CLA'MOURER* klam'-mur-fir. n. s. He who makes 
an outcry or clamour. Abp. Hort. 

CLAMP §,klamp. n.s. [clamp, Fr.] A piece of wood 
joined to another, as an addition of strength. A 
quantity of bricks. Mortimer. 
To CLAMP, klamp. v. a. A mode of strengthening 

the ends of tables, &c. Moxon. 
CLAN §, klan. n. s. [clann, Irish.] A family ; a race. 

Milton. 
CLA'NCULAR §, klang'-ku-l&r. 88. a. [clancularius, 

Lat.l Clandestine; secret. Decay of Piety. 
CLA'NCULARLY^klang'-ku-lar-le. ad. Closely 3 

privalelv. Hales. 
CLANDE'STINE§, klan-des'-tin. 140. a. [clandes- 
tin, old Fr.] Secret ; hidden. Bhckmore. 



[clamor, Lat.] 



CLANDESTINELY, klan-deV-tm-le. ad. Secretiv. 
Swift. 

CLANDE;STINENESS*.klan-dey-t!n-nes. n.s. An 
act of privacy. 

CLANDESTFNITY*,klan-des-uV-e-te. n.s. Priva- 
cy, or secrecy. 

CLANGS, klang. n.s. [clangor, Lat.] A sharp, shrill 
noise. Milton. 

To CLANG, klang. v. n. To clatter; to make a loud, 
shrill noise. Shakspeare. 

To CLANG, klang. v. a. To strike together with a 
noise. Prior. 

CLA'NGOUR, klang'-gur. 314. n. s. A loud, shrill 
sound. 

CLA'NGOUS, klang'-gus. a. Making a clang. 
Broum. 

CLANK, klangk. n.s. A loud, shrill noise. Spectator. 

CLA'NSHIP*, klan' -ship. n. s. Association of per- 
sons or families. Pennant. 

To CLAPS, klap. v. a. [clappan, Sax.] To strike to- 
gether with a quick motion, so as to make a noise. 
Shakspeare. To add one thing to another. Carew. 
To do any thing with a sudden, hasty motion. Shak. 
To praise by clapping the hands. To infect with 
a venereal poison. Wiseman. 

To CLAP Hands. To plight mutual troth. Shak. 

To CLAP up. To complete suddenly, without 
much precaution. Shakspeare. 

To CLAP up. To Imprison. Sandys. 

To CLAP, klap. v. n. To move nimbly with a noise. 
Dryden. Originally, to knock. Cluiucer. To en- 
ter upon with alacrity. Sluxk. To strike the hands 
together in applause. Slwkspeare. 

CLAP, klap. n. s. A loud noise made by sudden col- 
lision. Swift. A sudden act or motion. Swift. An 
explosion of thunder. Hakewill. An act of ap- 
plause. Addison. A sudden misfortune. Bryskett. 
A venereal infection, [from clapoir, Fr.] Pope. 
The nether part of the beak of a hawk. 

CLAP-DISH*, klap'-dish. n. s. A wooden bowl or 
dish, formerly carried by beggars. Massinger. 

CLA'PPER, klap'-pur. 98. n. s. [chpup, Sax.] One 
who claps with his hands. The tongue of a bell. 
Sltak. — The clapper of a mill. A piece of wood 
shaking the hopper. The cover of the cup called 
the clap-dish. Heniryson. 

CLATPER*, klap'-p&r. n.s. [clapier, old Fr.] Places 
for rabbits to burrow in. Chaucer. 

To CLA'PPERCLAW, klap'-p&r-klaw. v. a. To 
scold. Shakspeare. 

CLARE*, klare. n. s. A nun of the order of St. 
Clare. 

CLA'RENCEUX, or CLA'RENCIEUX, klai^-en- 
shu. n. s. The second king at arms : so named 
from the dutchy of Clarence. 

CLARE-OBSCURE, klare-ob-skure'. n. s. [claws 
and obscurus, Lat.] Light and shade in painting. 
Prior. 

CLA'RET, klar'-et. n. s. [clairet, Fr.] A French 
wine of a clear pale-red colour. Boyle. 

CLARICHORD, klar'-e-k6rd. n.s. [clanis and 
chorda, Lat.] A musical instrument in form of a 
spmette, but more ancient. Skelton. 

CLARIFICATION, klar-e-fe-ka;-shfin. n. s. Mak- 
ing any thing clear from impurities. Bacon. 

To CLA'RIFY §, klar'-e-fl. 511. v. a. [clanfier, Fr.] 
To purify or clear any liquor. Bacon. To brighten ; 
to illuminate. Fuller. 

To CLA'RIFY, klar'-e-fl. v.n. To clear up, to grow 
bright. Bacon. 

CLA'RINET*, klar'-e-net. n. s. [clarinette, Fr.] A 
kind of hautboy, but of a shriller tone. 

CLA'RION, klare'-yun. 113, 534. n. s. [claron, -Id 
Fr.] A trumpet. Spenser. 

CLATtFTUDE*. klar'-e-tade. n. s. Splendour. 
Beaumont. Ob. T. 

CLA'RITY, klar'-e-te. 511. n. s. Brightness; splen- 
dour. Sir W. Raleigh. 

CLA'RY, kla'-re. n. s. An herb. Bacon. 

To CLA'RY*. kla'-re. v.n. To make a loud or shrill 

noise. A. Golding. 
To CLASH S, klash. v.n. [klaisclien, Germ.] To 
196 



CLA 



CLE 



-no, move, nfir, n&t ; — tube, tub, bill ; — oil } — pofind }— • th'm, THis. 



make a noise by mutual collision. Denham. To 
act with opposite power, or contrary direction. 
Bacon. To contradict. L' Estrange. 
To CLASH, klash. v. a. To strike one thing against 
another, so as to produce a noise. Dryden. 

CLASH, klash. n. s. A noisy collision of two bodies. 
Beaumont and Fletcher, exposition 3 contradiction. 
Denham. 

CLASHING* klish'-ing. n. s. Opposition ; enmity. 
Hoicell. 

CLASPS, klasp. n. s. [clespe, Dutch.] A hook to hold 
any thing close. Addison. An embrace, in con- 
tempt. Sluikspeare. 
To CLASP, klasp. v. a. To shut with a clasp. 
Hooker. To catch and hold by twining. Milton. 
To enclose between the hands. Bacon. To em- 
brace. ShaJcspeure. To enclose. Shakspeare. 

CLA'SPER, klas'-pur. n. s. The tendrils or threads 
of creeping plants. Ray 

CLA'SPKNILE, klasp'-nlfe. n. s. A knife which 
folds into the handle. 

CLASSY, Has. n. s. [classis, Lat.] A rank or order 
«f persons. Dryden. An assembly of persons, with- 
in a certain division. Bp. Bancroft. A number 
of boys learning the same lesson at the school. 
Watts. A set of beings or things. Addison. 

To CLASS, klas. r. a. To range according to some 
stated method of distribution. Arbuthnot. 

CLASSICAL, klas'-se-kal. )a. [classicus, Lat.] Re- 

CLA'SSICK, klas'-s!k. ) lating to antique au- 

thors. Addison. Of the first order or rank. Fell. 
Relating to the order and rules of the Presbyterian 
assemblies. Milton. 

CLA'SSICALLY* klas'-se-kal-le. ad. In a classical 
manner. 

CLA'SSICK, klas'-slk. n. s. An author of the first 
rank : usually taken for ancient authors. Pope. 

CLASSIFICATION*, klaV-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. 
Ranging into classes. Burke. 

To CLA'SSIFY*, klas'-se-fl. v. a. To arrange. 

CLA'SSIS, klas'-sfe. n. s. [Lat.] Order} sort 3 body. 
Clarendon. A convention or assembly of persons. 
.Milton. 

To CLATTER S, klat'-tur.u. n. [klatteren, Teut.] To 
make a noise by knocking two sonorous bodies fre- 
quently together. Dryden. To utter a noise by 
being struck together. Knolles. To talk fast and 
idly. Spenser. 

To CLATTER, klat'-t&r. v. a. To strike any thing 
so as to make it sound and rattle. Milton. To dis- 
pute, jar, or clamour. 

CLATTER, klat'-tur. n. s. A rattling noise made 
by the frequent collision of sonorous bodies. Swift. 
Tumultuous and confused noise. Sliakspeare. 

CLATTERER*, klat'-t&r-ur. n. s. He who makes 
any noise. Bale. One who will disclose any light 
secret. Huloet. 

CLATTERING*, klat'-tur-lng. n. s. A noise ; rattle. 

CLA'UDENT, klaw'-dent. a. [claudens, Lat.] Shut- 
ting ; enclosing. Diet. 

CLATJDICANT*, klaw'-de-kant. a. Limping ; halt- 
ing. 

To CL ABDICATES, klaw'-de-kate. v. n. [claudi- 
co, Lat.l To halt. Diet. 

CLAUDICATION, klaw-de-ka'-shun. n. s. Lame- 
ness. Colgrave. 

CLAUSE, klawze. n. s. [clause, old Fr.] A sentence. 
Hooker. An article or particular stipulation. 
Hooker. 

CLA'USTRAL, klaws'-tral. a. [claustrum, LatJ Re- 
lating to a cloister, or religious house. Ayliffe. 

CLA'USURE, klaw'-zhure. 452. n. s. {chmsura, 
LatJ Confinement. Geddes. 

CLA'VATED, klav'-a-ted. a. [clavatus, Lat.] Set 
with knobs. Woodward. 

CLAVE, klave. The preterit of cleave. 

CLA'VELLATED, kiav'-el-la-teU a. Made with 
burnt tartar. Cliambers. 

CLA'VER, kla'-v&r. n. s. [claepeji, Sax.] Clover. 
Sandys. 

CLAVICHORD*, klaV-e-kdrd. n. s. The same with | 
clariclwrd. 



CLAVICLE, klav'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [clavicula, Lat.] 
The collar bone. Brown. 

CLAW$, klaw. n.s. [clap, Sax.] The foot of a beast 
or bird, armed with sharp nails } or the pincers or 
holders of a shell-fish. Spenser. 

To CLAW, klaw. v. a. To tear with claws. Sludc 
To pull, as with the nails. South. To tear or 
scratch. Hudibras. To flatter. Wilson. — To claw 
off, or away. To scold. Bp. Nicolson. 

CLA'WBACK, klaw'-bak. n.s. A flatterer. War- 
ner. 

CLA'WBACK*, klaw'-bak. a. Flattering. Bp. Hall 

CLA'WED, klawd. 359. a. Furnished with claws. 
Grew. 

CLAYS, kli. n. s. [clai, Welsh.] Unctuous and te- 
nacious earth, such as will mould into a certain 
form. Hill. Earth in general. Donne. Dirt, or 
moistened earth. St. John. 

To CLAY, kla. v. a. To cover with clay. Motiimer. 

CLAY-COLD, kla'-k6ld. a. Lifeless} cold as the un- 
animated earth. Rowe. 

CLAY-GROUND*, kla'-gr6und. n. s. Ground 
abounding with clay. 1 Kings. 

CLAY-PIT, kla' -pit. n. s. A pit where clay is dug. 
Woodward. -, 

CLA YES, klaze. n. s. [claye, Fr.] [In fortification.] 
Wattles made with stakes interwoven with osiers, 
to cover lodgements. 

CLAYEY, kla'-e. a. Consisting of clay. Derham. 

CLA'YISH, kla/-?sh. a. Of the nature of clay. Har- 
vey. 

CLA'YMARL, kla 7 -marl. n. s. A whitish, smooth, 
chalky clay. Mortimer. 

CLA'YMORE*. kla'-more. n. s. See Glaymore. A 
two-handed sword. 

CLA'YSTONE*, kla'-st6ne. 11. s. A blue and white 
limestone dug in Gloucestershire. Grose. 

CLEANS, klene. 227. a. [glan, Goth.] Free from 
dirt or filth. Spenser. Free from moral impurity. 
Acts. Elegant ; neat. Bacon. Not foul with any 
loathsome disease. Leviticus. Dexterous } not 
bungling. Entire. Leviticus. 

CLEAN, klene. ad. Quite ; perfectly. Hooker. With- 
out miscarriage. Henley. 

CLEAN-TIMBERED*, klene'-t?m-bfird. a. [clean 
and timber.] Well proportioned. Sliakspeare. 

To CLEAN, klene. v. a. To free from filth. Thomson, 

CLE'ANLILY, klen'-le-le. 234. ad. In a cleanly 
manner. 

CLEANLINESS, kleV-le-n£s. n. s. Freedom from 
filth. Addison. Neatness of dress. Sidney. 

CLE'ANLY, klen'-le. 234. a. Free from dirtiness 
Dryden. That which makes cleanliness. Prior. 
Pure ; innocent. Glanrille. Nice ; artful. Spensei: 

CLE'ANLY, klene'-le. 227. ad. Elegantly} neatly. 
Shakspeare. Purely. Hakewill. Dexterously. Shak. 

CLE'ANNESS, klene'-nSs. n. s. Neatness. Easy 
exactness. Sidney. Puritv ; innocence. Bale. 

CLE'ANSABLE*, klenz'-a-bl. a. That which may 
be cleansed. Slierwood. 

To CLEANSES, klenz. 515. v. a. To free from filth. 
Prior. To purify from guilt. Proverbs. To free 
from noxious humours by purgation. Arbidhnoi. 
To free from leprosy. St. Mark, i. To scour ; to 
rid of all offensive things. Addison. 

CLE'ANSER, klen'-zur. 98. n. s. A detergent. Ar- 
bidhnot. That which cleanses any thing. Gaylon.. 

CLE'ANSING*, klen'-z?ng. n.s. Purification. South. 

CLEARS, klere. 227. a. [clarus, Lat.] Bright} tran- 
spicuous. Denham. Perspicacious ; sharp. Milton. 
Cheerful. Milton. Free from clouds ; serene. 
Amos. Without mixture} pure. Wicliffe. Per- 
spicuous ; not obscure. Temple. Indisputable. 
Milton. Apparent} manifest. Hooker. Quick to 
understand. Milton. Unspotted. Shakspeare. Un- 
prepossessed ; impartial. Sidney. Free from im- 
puted guilt. Gay. Free from deductions. Collier. 
Unencumbered. Shakspeare. Out of debt. Unen- 
tangled. Shakspeare. Sounding distinctly, plainly. 
Addison. Fiee} guiltless. Dryden. Intelligible. 

CLEAR, klere. ad. Plainly. Milton. Clean } quite 
L'Estrange. 

197 



CLE 



CLI 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin ; 



CLEAR, klere. n.s. A term used by builders for 
the inside of a house j the space within from wall 
to wall. 
To CLEAR, Were. v. a. To make bright. Milton 
To free from obscurity. Burnet. To vindicate 
Sir John Hayward. To cleanse. Shakspeare. To 
remove any encumbrance. Wilkins. To free from 
any thing offensive. Dryden. To clarify. To gain 
without deduction. Addison. — To clear a ship, is to 
satisfy the demands at the custom-house. 
To CLEAR, klere. v.n. To grow bright. Sliakspeare. 

To be disengaged from encumbrances. Bacon. 
CLE'ARAGE*, klere'-ldje. n. s. Removing any thing. 
CLE'ARANCE, kle'-ranse. n. s. A certificate that 

a ship has been cleared at the custom-house. 
CLE'ARER, klere'-ur. n. s. Brightener ; purifier. 

Addison, 
CLE'ARING* klere'-lng. n. s. Justification 5 de- 
fence. 2 Cor. 
CLE'ARLY, klere'-le. ad. Brightly. Hooka: Plain- 
ly ; evidently. Rogers. WiU« discernment. B. Jon- 
son. Without entanglement. Bacon. Without sinis- 
ter views. TiUotson. Without deduction. With- 
out reserve. Davies. 
CLF/ARNESS, klere'-nSs. n. s. Transparency. Ba- 
con. Splendour 5 lustre. Sidney. Distincuiess. 
Addison. Sincerity. Bacon. Freedom from im- 
putation. Sliakspeare. 
CLE/ARSHINING*, klere'-shl-nlng. a. Shining 

brightly. Shaks]ieare. 
CLEARSFGHTED, klere-sl'-teU a. Perspicacious ; 

discerning. Beaumont and FletcJier. 
CLEARSIGHTEDNESS*, klere-slte'-ed-nes. n.s. 

Discernment. Bp. Barlow. 
To CLE'ARSTARCH. klere'-startsh. «. a. To stiff- 
en with starch. Addison. 
CLE' ARST ARCHER*, klere' -startsh-ur. n.s. The 

person whose business is to clearstarch. Tatler. 
To CLEAVE 6, kleve. 227. v. n. preL I clave, [cleo- 
pan, Sax.] To adhere ; to hold to. Bacon. To 
unite aptly. Shah. To unite in concord. Hooker. 
To be concomitant to. Hooker. 
To CLEAVES, kleve. v. a. pret. I clove, 1 clave, I 
cleft; part. pass, cloven, or cleft. To divide with 
violence. Milton. To divide naturally. Deuier. 
To CLEAVE, kleve. v. n. To part asunder. SliaJc. 

To suffer division. Newton. 
CLE' AVER, kle'-vfir. 98. n. s. A butcher's instru- 
ment to cut animals into joints. A^buthnot. A weed, 
called also clivers. 
CLEDGE*, kl£dje. n. s. Among miners, the upper 

part of the stratum of fuller's earth. Clwmbers. 
CLEES, kleze. n. s. The two parts of the foot of 

beasts which are cloven-footed. 
CLEF, kllfl n. s. [Fr.J A character, in musick, at 
the beginning of the lines of a song, which shows 
the tone or key in which the piece is to begin. 
$5" It is the common fault of professions, liberal as well 
as mechanical, to vitiate their technical terms. Thus, 
even without the plea of brevity, clef is changed by 
musicians into cliff. TV. 
CLEFT, klift, part. pass. Divided ; parted asunder. 

Milton. 
CLEFT, kleft. n. s. A space made by the separation 
of parts. Isaiah. A disease in horses on the bought 
of the pasterns. Farrier's Diet. 
To CLE'FTGRAFT, kleft'-graft. v. a. To engraft. 

Mortimer. 
CLEG*, kleg. n. s. [cleg, Danish.] The horse-fly. 
To CLEM y*, klem. v. a. [klemnten, Germ.] To 

starve. B. Jonson. 
To CLEM*, klem. v.n. To starve. B. Jonson. 
CLE'lMENCY, klem'-men-se. n. s. Mercy. Acts. 

Mildness; softness. Dryden. 
CLE'MENTy,klem'-ment. a. [clemens, Lat.] Mild; 

gentle; merciful. Sliakspeare. 
CLEMENTINE*, klem'-en-tine. a. Relating to the 
compilations made by St. Clement, or the consti- 
tutions of Clement the Fifth. 
CLE'MENTLY*, klem'-ent-le. ad. In a merciful 

manner. Bp. Taylor. 
CLENCH. See Clinch. 



ToCLEPEy, klepe. v. a. [clypian, Sax.] To call 

Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
To CLEPE* klepe. v. n. To call. Sackville. 
CLEPSYDRA*, klep'-se-dra. n.s. [Lat.] A kind 
of clock among the ancients, which .told the hours 
by the fall of a certain quantity of water ; a chymi- 
cal vessel. 
CLE'RGICAL*, kler'-je-kal. a. Relating to the cler • 

gy. Milton. 
CLE'RGYy, kler'-je. n. s. [clerge, Fr.] The body of 
men set apart by due ordination for the service of 
God. Hooker. 
CLERGYABLE*, kleV-je-a-bl. a. The term appli- 
ed to felonies within benefit of clergy. Blackstone. 

CLERGYMAN, kler'-je-miin. 88. n. s. A man in 
holy orders. Shakspeare. 

CLE RICAL, kler'-e-kal. a. Relating to the clergy 
Bp. Hall. 

CLE'RICK*, kler'-lk. n.s. A clergyman. Bp. Hors- 
ley. 

CLE'RICK*, kler'-ik. a. Relating to the character 
of a clergvman. 

CLERKS, klark. 100. n.s. [clericus, Lat.] A clergy- 
man. Ayliffe. A scholar. Sidney. A man em- 
ployed under another as a writer. Shakspeare. A 
petty writer in publick offices ; an officer of various 
kinds. Glanviue. Arbidhnot. The layman who 
reads the responses in the church, to direct the rest. 
Wheatley. 

CLERK-ALE*, klark'-ale. n. s. The feast of the 
narish clerk. Warton. 

CLE'RKLDXE*, klark'-llke. a. Accomplished as a 
learned person. Sliakspeare. 

CLE'RKLY*. klark'-le. a. Clever ; scholar-like. Abp. 
Cranmer. 

CLE'RKLY*, klark'-le. ad. In an ingenious or learn- 
ed manner. Gascoigne. 

CLE'RKSHIP, klark'-shlp. n. s. Scholarship. Hales. 
The office of a clerk. Sir H. WoUon. 

CLEVE, 1 in composition, at the beginning or end 

CLIF, > of the proper name of a place, denotes 

CLIVE, ) it to be situated on the side of a rock or 
hill ; as,' Cleveland, Clifton. Stancliff. 

CLE'VERy, klev'-ur. 98. a. Dexterous; skilful. 
U Estrange. Just ; fit. Pope. Well-shaped. Ar- 
bidhnot. A low word, applied to any thing a man 
likes, without a settled meaning. 

CLE'VERLY, klev'-fir-le, ad. Dexterously. Hudibr. 

CLE'VERNESS, klev'-ur-nes. n.s. Dexterity ; skill. 
?. [clype, Sax.] Thread wound 
Spenser. A guide; a direction. 



To cleio tlie sails, is to raise 
Han-is. To direct. 



CLEWy, klu. n 
upon a bottom 
Holder. 

To CLEW, klu. 
them, in order to be furled 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To CLICK y, klJk. v. n. [cliken, Dutch.] To make a 
sharp, small, successive noise. Gay. 

To CLICK*, kllk. v. a. To catch or snatch hastily. 

CLICK*, kllk. n. s. The latch of a door. 

CLFCKER, kllk'-ur. n. s. The servant of a sales- 
man, who stands at the door to invite customers. 

CLFCKET, klik'-et. n. s. [cliqnet, old Fr.] The ring, 
knocker, or hammer of a door. Cotgrave. For- 
merly, a kev. Chaucer. 

CLI'ENT6,kll'-ent. n. s. [client, Fr.] One who ap- 
plies to an advocate for counsel. Bacon. A de- 
pendant. B. Jonson. 

CLIE'NTAL*, kll-en'-tal. a. Dependant. Burke. 

CLFENTED, kll'-en-ted. part. a. Supplied with cli- 
ents. Carew. 

CLFENTELE, kll-en-tele'. n. s. The condition or 
office of a client. Bp. Hall. 

CLFENTSHIP, kll'-em-shlp. n. s. The condition of 
a client. 

CLIFF §, klif. n.s. [clivus, Lat.] A steep rock. Ba- 
con. The name of a character in musick ; proper- 
ly clef. Sir J. Hawkins. 

CLITFY*, kllf-fe. a. Broken ; craggv. Harmar. 

CLIFT, kllft. n. s. Sometimes used lor cliff or cleft. 

CLFFTED*, klift'-ed. a. Broken. Congreve. 

CLFFTY*, kllf'-te. a. The same as effly. Pennant. 

CLLMA'CTERy,kll-mak'-tur. 122. n.s. [«Xiua*r/jp.] 
198 N 



CLO 



CLO 



— n<S, mdve, ndr, not ; — tube, tftb, bill ; — 611 ; — pound : — thin, this. 



A certain space of time, or progression of years. 
Brown. 

CLIMACTE'RICK, kllm-ak-teV-r?k. 530. ) n, s. A 

t LIMACTE'RICAL, kllm-ak-ter'-re-kal. \ certain 
number of years, at the end of which some gTeat 
change is supposed to befall the body. Broum. 

CLIMATE*, kll'-mate. 91. n.s. [ K \(pa.) A space 
upon the surface of the earth, measured from the 
equator to the polar circles ; in each of which 
spaces the longest day is half an hour longer than 
in that nearer to the equator. A region, or tract of 
land, differing from another by the temperature of 
the air. 
To CLI'MATE, kll'-mate. v. n. To inhabit. Shak. 

CL1 .MATURE, kll'-ma-tshure. 463. n. s. Climate. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

CLFMAX, kll'-maks. n. s. [<X^a|.] Gradation ; as- 
cent. Dry den. 

To CLIMB *, kllme. v. n. pret. clomb or climbed; 
part, cbmb or climbed, [climan, Sax.] To ascend 
up with labour. Shakspeare. 

To CLIMB, kllme. v. a. To ascend ; to mount. Shak. 

CLFMBABLE*, kllme'-a-bl. a. Ascendable. Slier- 
wood 

CLIMBER, kll'-mur. n. s. One that mounts any 
place. Careiv. A plant that creeps upon other 
supports. Mortimer. The name of a particular 
herb. Miller. 

To CLFMBER, kll'-mur. v. n. To mount with effort. 
Tusser. 

CLI'MBING* kti'-mlng. n. s. Ascending any place. 
Ecclus. xxv. 

CLIME, kllme. ft. s. [from climate.] Climate ; region. 
Milton. 

To CLINCH*, klinsh. v. a. [klinka, Swed.] To hold 
in the hand witn tne fingers bent over it. Dryden. 
To contract or double the fingers. Swift. To bend 
the point of a nail in the other side. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. To confirm ; to fix. 

To CLINCH*, klinsh. v. n. To hold fast upon. Tr. 
of Buffon. 

CLINCH, klinsh. n. s. A word used in a double 
meaning ; a pun ; an ambiguity. Boyle. That part 
of the cable which is fastened to the ring of the an- 
chor. 

CLI'NCHER, kllnsh'-ftr. 98. n. s. A cramp ; a hold- 
fast. Pope. 

To CLFNG*, kling. v. n. pret. Iclwig ; part. I have 
clung, [klynger, Danish.] To hang upon by twin- 
ing round. Shakspeare. To adhere. B. Jonson. 

To CLING*, Kjing. v. a. To dry up ; to consume. 
S 'lakspe are. 

CLI'NGY, kling'-e. a. Adhesive. 

CLFNICAL, khV-e-kal. > a. [.cAiVw.l Those that keep 

CLFNICK, klln'-lk. \ their beds-A clinical lec- 
ture is a discourse upon a disease, made by the bed 
of the patient. 

CLFNICK*, klln'-lk. n. s. One on his death-bed. 
Abp. Sancroft. 

To CLINK *, kllngk. 405. v. a. [klimken, Teut.] To 
strike so as to make a small, sharp noise. Cliaucer. 

To CLINK, kllngk. v. n. To utter a small, sharp 
noise. Prior. 

CLINK, kllngk. 405. n.s. A sharp, successive noise. 
Shakspeare. A key-hole. Spenser. 

CLI'NQUANT, k\hgk'-iat. a. [Fr.] Dressed in 
embroidery or tinsel finery. Shakspeare. 

To CLIP*, kiip. v. a. [clippan, Sax.] To embrace ; 
to hug. Sidney. To cut with shears. Sidney. To 
diminish coin by paring the edges. Locke. To cur- 
tail ; to cut. Harmar. To confine ; to hold. Shak. 

To CLIP, klip. v. n. A phrase in falconry. Dryden. 

CLIP*, klip. n. s. An embrace. Sidney. 

CLFPPER, kllp'-pur. n. s. One that debases coin 
by cutting. Shakspeare. A barber. Hulod. 

CLFPPING, kllp'-phig. n. s. A part cut off. Locke. 

To CLISH-CLASH*, kllsh'-klash. v. n. To sound 
like the clashing of swords. Mirror for Magistrates. 

CLFVER. See Cleaver. 

CLOAK *, kl6ke. n. s. [lach, Sax.] The garment 
with which the rest are covered. Shakspeare. A 
concealment : a cover, 1 Peter. 



To CLOAK, kloke. v. a. To cover with a cloak. Tft 
hide. Speiiser. 

CLO' AK BAG, kloke'-bag. n. s. A portmanteau, 
Sluikspeare. 

CLO'AKEDLY, kl6ke'-ed-le. ad. In a concealed 
manner. 

CLO'CHARD*. n.s. [c/oc/ie, Fr.] A belfry. Weavr. 

CLOCK*, kldk. n. s. [clocc, Welsh.] The instrument 
which tells the hour by a stroke upon the bell. Ba- 
con. It is an usual expression to say, What is it 
of the clock 1 for What hour is it ? or ten o'clock, 
for the tenth hour. Shakspeare. — The clock of a 
stocking : the flowers or inverted work about the 
ankle. Swift. An insect ; a sort of beetle. The 
sound which the hen makes in calling her chickens. 

To CLOCK **, kl&k. v. a. [cloccan, Sax.] To call, as 
the hen calls her chickens. Ld. Northampton. See 
To Cluck. 

To CLOCK*, klok. v. n. To make a noise hke the 
hen. Tlie Silkewormes. 

CLO'CK-MAKER, klok'-ma-kur. n. s. He whose 

frofession is to make clocks. Derlwm. 
O'CK-SETTER* kl&k'-set-tfir. n.s. One who 
regulates the clock. Shakspeare. 

CLO'CK-WORK, klok'-wurk. n. s. Movements like 
those of a clock. Prior. 

CLOD *, kl&d. n.s. [club, Sax.] A lump of earth or 
clay. Bacon. A turf; the ground. Swift Any 
thing concreted together. Carew. A lump of metal, 
Milton. Any thing vile, base, and earthy. Spenser. 
A dull, gross fellow. Dryden. 

To CLOD, klod. v. n. To gather into concretions, 
Milton. 

To CLOD, klod. v. a. To pelt with clods. 

CLO'DDY, kl6d'-de. a. Consisting of earth or clods j 
mean; gross. Shak. Full of clods unbroken. 
Mortimer. 

CLO'DHOPPER*, klod'-h6p-pur. See Clodpoll. 

CLO'DPATE, klod'-pate. n.s. A stupid fellow, 

CLO'DPATED. klod'-pa-ted. a. Stupid; dull. Arhc 

CLO'DPOLL, kldd'-pole. n. s. A thickskull; a dolt. 
SJuxkspeare. 

CLOFFt, kl&f. n, s. The same with dough. 

To CLOG*, kl&g. v. a. [clog, Welsh.] To load with, 
or encumber. Slvxk. Toliinder ; to obstruc. Ra- 
leigh. To burthen ; to embarrass. Dryden. 

To CLOG, kl6g. r. n. To coalesce ; to adhere. Eve- 
lyn. To be encumbered. Sharp. 

CLOG, klog. n.s. A load; a weight. Shak. An en- 
cumbrance. Hooker. A kind of additional shoe 
worn by women to keep them from wet. A wood 
en shoe. Harvey. 

CLOGGINESS, kl&g'-ge-nes. n. s. The state of be 
ing clogged. 

CLO'GGING* kl6g'-glng. n.s. An obstruction 
More. 

CLO'GGY, kl6g'-ge. 283. a. That has the powe? 
of clogging up. Boyle. 

CLO'ISTER*,kl61s'-tur. n.s. [claustrum, Lat.] A 
religious retirement; a monastery; a nunnery. 
Daiies. A peristyle ; a piazza. 

To CLO'ISTER, kl61s'-tur. v. a. To shut up in a 
religious house ; to confine. Shakspeare. 

CLO'ISTERAL, kl61s'-tur-al. 88. a. Solitary. Donne. 

CLO'ISTERED, kl6is'-turd. part. a. Inhabiting 
cloisters. Sliak. Built with peristyles or piazzas 
Wotton. 

CLO'ISTERER*, kl&ls'-tur-fir. n. s. One belonging 
to the cloister. Bp. Bramhall. 

CLO'ISTERESS, kl6is'-tres. n. s. A nun. Sliak. 

CLOKE. See Cloak. 

CLOMB, kl6m. Pret. of To climb. 

CLONG* kl&ng. The old part, of To cling. 

To CLOOM, kl66m. v. a. [claemian, Sax.] To close 
with glutinous matter. Mortimer. 

To CLOSE*, kloze. 437. v. a. [clausus, Lat.] To 
shut. Milton. To conclude. Dryden. To enclose. 
Shak. To join ; to unite fractures. Shak. 

To CLOSE, kloze. v.n. To coalesce. Numb.-— To 

close upon. To agree upon. To close with. To 

close in vrith. To come to an agreement vsth 

ShoJc. To close with. To grapple with in wrestling. 

J 99 



CLO 



CLO 



(D 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;- 



CLOSE, kloze. n. s. Anything shut. Bacon. The man- 
ner of shutting. Chapman. The time of shutting up. 
Dryden. A grapple in wrestling. Bacon. Pause ; 
cessation. Milton. A conclusion or end. Mi/ton. 
CLOSE, kl6se. n. s. A small field enclosed. Sha/c. 
•CLOSE, klose. 437, 499. a. Shut fast. Wilkins. 
Having no vent. Dryden. Confined; stagnant. 
Bacon. Compact; solid. Burnet. Viscous ; not 
volatile. Wilkins. Concise ; brief. Dryden. Join- 
ed without any distance or space between. B. Jon- 
son. Approaching nearly. Shak. Narrow. Dry- 
den. Undiscovered. Shak. Hidden ; secret. Spen- 
ser. Trusty. Sha/c. Cloudy; sly. Sltak. With- 
out wandering ; attentive. Locke. Full to the point ; 
home. Dryden. Retired. Chron. Applied to the 
"Weather : dark, cloudy, not clear. 
CLOSE, klose. ad. Has the same meanings with 

closely. 
CLOSE-BANDED, klose'-band-id. a. In close or- 
der. Milton. 
CLOSE-BODIED, klose-bod'-ld. 99. a. Made to fit 
the body exactly. Ayliffe. 

CLOSE-COMPACTED*, kldseMcum-pakt'-eU a. 
In close order. Addison. 

CLOSE-COUCHED*, kl6se / -k6utsht. a. Concealed. 
Milton. 

CLOSE-CURTAINED* klose'-k&r-tlnd. a. Encir- 
cled with curtains. Milton. 

CLOSE-FISTED*, klose'-ffst-gd. a. Penurious. Bp. 
Berkeley. 

CLOSE-HANDED, klose-han'-decl. a. Covetous. 
Hale. 

CLOSE-HANDEDNESS*, klAse'-hand'-gd-n&. n.s. 
Penuriousness. Archd. Holyday. 

CLOSE-PENT, klose'-pent. a. Shut close. Dryden. 

CLOSE-TONGUED*, klose'-tungd. a. Cautious in 
speaking. Sliakspeare. 

CLO'SELY, kl6se'-le. ad. Without inlet or outlet. 
Boyle. Without much space intervening ; nearly. 
Sliakspeare. Attentively. Pope. Secretly ; slily. 
Spenser. Without deviation. Dryden. Tightly; 
as, the garment fitted closely. 

CLO'SENESS, klc-se'-nes. n. s. The state of being 
shut. Bacon. Narrowness. Want of air, or ven- 
tilation. Swift. Compactness. Bacon. Recluse- 
ness. Sliakspeare. Secrecy ; privacy. Bacon. Cov- 
elousness. Addison. Connexion. South. 

CLO'SER, klo'-zur. n. s. A finisher ; a concluder. 

CLC^SESTOOL. klose'-stddl. n. s. A chamber im- 
olement. Garth. 

CLO'SET, kl6z'-it. 99. n. s. A small room of privacy. 
Spenser. A private repository of curiosities. Dry- 
den. 

To CLO'SET, kloz'-lt. v. a. To shut up in a closet. 
Herbert,. To take into a closet for a secret inter- 
view. Swift. 

CLO'SET-SIN*, kloz'-ft-sfn. n. s. Wickedness com- 
mitted secretly. Bp. Hall. 

CLOSH, kl&sh. n. s. A distemper in the feet of cat- 
tle ; the founder. Diet. 

CLOSING*, klo'-zing. n. s. Period ; conclusion. 

CLOSURE, klo'-zhure. 452. n. s. The act of shut- 
ting up. Boijle. That by which any thing is closed. 
Wallis. Enclosure. Sliakspeare. Conclusion ; end. 
Sliakspeare. 

CLOT§, klot. n.s. [klotle, Dutch.] Concretion; coag- 
ulation ; grume. Bacon. A dull, heavy man. B. 
Jonson. 

To CLOT, klot. v. a. To form clots, or clods. To 
concrete ; to coagulate. Hudibras. To become 
gross. 

CLO'TBIRD*, kl&t'-b&rd. n. s. The common oenan- 
the. 

CLOTH §,kl6tfi. 467. n.s. plural cloths, k\&hs, or 
cu>tlies, kloze. [clac?, Sax.] Any thing woven for 
dress. Drayton. The piece of linen spread upon 
a table. Pope. The canvass on which pictures are 
delineated. Dryden.. Any texture put to a partic- 
ular use. Sir J. Hayward. Dress ; raiment. 
Quarles. A texture of wool. In the plural : dress ; 
habit. [In this sense, always clotlies, kl6ze.] Spen- 
ser. The covering of a bed. Prior. 



To CLOTHE, kl6THe. 467. v. a. pret. I clothed, or 
clad ; particip. clothed, or clad. To invest with 
garments. Addison. To adorn with dress. Ray. 
To invest, as with clothes. Job. To furnish with 
clothes. Proverbs. 
To CLOTHE, kloxHe. v. n. To wear clothes. Shak. 
CLO'THIER, kloTHe'-yer. 113. n. s. A maker or 

seller of cloth. Sliakspeare. 
I CLO'THING, klbTHe^ng. 410. n. s. Dress; vesture. 
I Fairfax. 
j CLO'THSHEARER, klo^-sheer-fir. n. s. One who 

trims the cloth, and levels the nap. Hakewill. 
I CLO'THWORKER*, kl6W-wnrk-Gr. „. s . A ma 

ker of cloth. Scott. 
CLO'TPOLL, kl6t'- P 6le. n. s. Thickskull ; block- 
head. Sliakspeare. Head, in scorn. Sliakspeare. 
To CLO'TTER, kl&t'-tur. v. n. To concrete ; to 

coagulate. Dryden. 
CLO'TTY, kl&t'-te. a. Full of clots. Hai-vey. 
CLOUD §, klSud. n. s. [derivation not known.] The 
dark collection of vapours in the air. Sliakspeare. 
The veins, marks, or stains in stones, or other 
bodies. Any state of obscurity or darkness. Milton. 
A crowd ; a multitude. Aiierbury. 
To CLOUD, kloud. v. a. To darken with clouds. To 
make of sullen appearance. Milton. To obscure. 
Decay of Piety. To variegate with dark veins. 
Pope. To sullv ; to defame. Sliakspeare. 
To CLOUD, kldud. v. n. To grow cloudv. Shak. 
CLO'UDBERRY, kldfid'-ber-re. n. s. A plant, the 

knotberry. Miller. 
CLO UDASCENDING*, kloud'-as-send'-Lg. a. 

Mounting to the clouds. Sandys. 
CLO UDBORN*, ktfud'-bdrn. a. Born of a cloud. 

Dryden. 
CLO UDCAPT, kloud'-kapt. a. Topped with clouds. 

Sliakspeare. 
CLO'UDCOMPELLING, kloud'-kom-pel-liug. 410. 
a. An epithet of Jupiter, by whom clouds were 
supposed to be collected. Waller. Simply, col- 
lecting clouds. Thomson. 
CLO'UDCOVERED*, kldud'-kuv-erd. a. Wrapt in 

clouds. Young. 
CLO'UDECLIPSED*, kl6ud'-e-klipst. a. Eclipsed 

by a cloud. Sliakspeare. 
CLO'UDDISPELLING*, kloud'-dis-pelMng. a. 

Having power to disperse. Dryden. 
CLO'UDKISSING*. kldudMds-sing. a. Touching, 

as it were, the clouds. Sliakspeare. 
CLO'UDTOPT*, kiaud'-topt. a. Having the top 

covered with clouds. Gray. 
CLO'UDTOUCHING*, kloud'-t&tsh-mg. a. Ascend- 
ing, as it were, to the clouds. Sandys. 
CLOUDILY, klo&d'-de-le. ad. With clouds. Ob- 
scurely. Spenser. 
CLOUDINESS, klSud'-de-nes. n. s. Being- covered 
with clouds ; darkness. Sliakspeare. Want ol 
brightness. Boyle. 
CLOTJDLESS, klSud'-les. a. Without clouds; clear. 

Peek. 
CLOUDY, kloud'-de. a. Covered with clouds. Ex- 
odus. Dark ; obscure. Watts. Gloomy of look. 
Spe?iser. Marked with spots or veins. Not bright. 
Boyle. 
CLOUGH, kldu. 313. n. s. [elou$h, Sax.] The cleft 

of a bill ; a cliff. Verstegan. 
CLOUGH, kl6f. n. s. An allowance of two pounds 
in every hundred weight for the turn of the scale, 
that the commodity may hold out weight w hen sold 
by retail. 
CLOUT §, klout. n.s. [clufc, Sax.] A cloth for any 
mean use. Spenser. A patch on a shoe or coat. 
Wicliffe. Anciently, the mark of white cloth at 
which archers shot. Sliakspeare. An iron plate to 
keep an axle-tree from wearing. A blow. 
To CLOUT, kldut. v. a. To patch. Bale. To cover 
with a cloth. Spenser. To join coarsely together. 
Harmar. 
To CLOUT*, kl6&t. v. a. To beat; to strike. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
CLOTJTED, klStV-ted. part. a. Congealed; coagu- 
lated. Used for clotted. Draijion. 
200 



CLU 



COA 



-116, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tfib, bull 3— 611 ;— pound ;—th'm, Tui 



CLOUTERLY, klou'-tflr-le. a. [Mode, Tent.] Clum- 
sy; awkward. Mortimer. 

CLO VE . kl6ve. The preterit of cleave. 

CLOVES, kldve. n.s. [dupe, Sax.] A valuable 
spice, brought from the East Indies. Brown. The 
parts into which garlick separates, when the outer 
skin is torn off. Tate. 

CLOVE-GILLYFLOWER, kl6ve-jll'-le-fldur. n. s. 
A flower. Miller. 

CLO'VEN, kl6'-vn. 103. part. pret. from cleave. 

CLOVEN-FOOT*, kl^-vn-fSt. a. Relating to a foot 
divided into two parts. Spenser. 

CLOVEN-FOOTED, kli'-vn-fut-ed. ) a. Having the 

CLOVEN-HOOFED, kl6'-vn-h6oft. \ foot divided 
into two parts. Brown. 

CLO'VERS. kkV-vfir. } n. s. 

CLOVER-FLOWER*, klo'-var-fl6u-fir. Hehepep, 

CLOVER-GRASS, kkV-vur-gras. ) Sax.] A 

species of trefoil. Shakspeare. — To live in clover, 
is to live luxuriously. Ogle. 

CLO'VERED, kkV-v&rd. 359. a. Covered with clo- 
ver. Thomson.. 

CLOWNS, kldfin. n. s. [lopn, Sax.] A rustick. Sid- 
nei). A coarse, ill-bred man. Spectator. A princi- 
pal character in pantomimes. 

To CLOWN* klofin. v. n. To affect the behaviour 
of a clown. B. Jonson. 

CLOWNAGE* kldun'-aje. n. s. The behaviour of 
a clown. B. Jonson. 

CLO'WNERY, kl&fin'-fir-re. n. s. Ill-breeding. 
Chapman. 

CLOWNISH, kldfin'-ish. a. Consisting of rusticks or 
clowns. Dryden. Coarse ; rough. Spenser. Ill- 
mannered. Sliak. Clumsv ; ungainly. Wottcn. 

CLO'WNISHLY,kldun'-'isn-le. ad. Coarselv. 

CLOWNISHNESS, kldun'-fsh-nes. n. s. Rusticity. 
Dryden. Incivility. Fanshawe. 

CLOWN'S MUSTARD, kMnz-imV-tfird. n. s. An 
herb. 

To CLOYS, kl6e. r. a. [encloicer, Fr.l To satiate; to 
fill to loathing. Sidney. To claw the beak, an ac- 
customed action with hawks and eagles. Shak. To 
nail up guns, by a spike in the touch-hole. 

CLOYLESS, kl6c'-les. a. That of which too much 
canuot be had. Shakspeare. 

CLOYMENT, kl6e'-ment. n. s. Satiety. Shak. _ 

CLUBS, klub. n. s. [clwppa, Welsh.] A heavy stick. 
Spenser. The name of one of the suits of cards. 
Pope. The dividend of a tavern reckoning. 
L Estrange. An association of persons subjected 
tc particular rules. Swift. Concurrence ; joint 
charge. Hudihras. An old term for a booby. 

To CLUB, klub. v. n. To contribute to a common 
expense in settled proportions. Bp. Nicolson. To 
join to one effect. Dryden. 

To CLUB, klub. v. a. To pay to a common reckon- 
ing. Pope. 

CLUBBED*, klub'-bed. a. Heavy, like a club. 
Chaucer. 

CLU'BBER*. See Clubbist. 

CLU'BBISH* klub'-blsh: a. Rustick. Mirror for 
Magistrates. 

CLU'BBIST*, khW-blst. n. s. He who belongs to a 
particular association. Burke. 

CLU'BFIST*, klfib'-flst. n. s. A large fist. Mirror 
for Magistrates. 

CLU'BFISTED*, klub'-flst-ed. a. Having a large 
fist. Howell. 

CLUBFOOTED*, klfib'-fut-ed. a. Short, or crook- 
ed in the foot. Cotgrave. 

CLUBHE'ADED, klfib'-hed-ed. a. Having a thick 
head. Derham. 

CLUBLA'W, klfib'-law. n. s. Regulation by force. 
Addison. 

CLUBMAN*, klub'-man. n. s. One who carries a 
club. 

CLUBROOM, klfib'-roorn. n. s. The room in which 

a club assembles. Addi ;on. 
To CLUCKS, klok. v. n. [cbecian, Welsh.] To call 

chickens, as a hen. Shakspeare. 
To CLUCK*, kl&k. v. a. To call, as a hen calls chick- 
ens. Shakspeare. 

% 



CLUE*. The same as clew. 

CLUMP, klurnp. n. s. [klump, Germ.] A shapeles* 

piece •'f wood, or other matter. A cluster oftrees. 

Shenslune. 
To CLU'MPER* klftmp'-fir. v. a. To form into 

clumps or masses. More. 
CIA MPS. klumps. n.s. A numbskull. 
CLU'MSILY, kl&m'-ze-le. ad. Awkwardly. Ray. 
CLU'.AISLNESS, kkW-ze-nes. n. s. Awkwardness 

Collier. 
CLU'MSYS, klum'-ze. a. [lompsch, Dutch.] Awk- 
ward ; heavy ; artless ; unhandy. Ray. 
CLUNG, klfing. The preterit of cling. 
CLUNG, kl&ng. a. Wasted with leanness ; shrunk 

up with cold. 
To CLUNG, klfing. v. n. To dry as wood does, 

when laid up after it is cut. To adhere. More. 
CLU'NIACK*, kliV-ne-ak. n. s. [Chiniacensis, Lat. 

from Cluni in Burgundy.] One of a reformed ordor 

of Benedictine monks. 
CLU'NIACK* klu'-ne-ak. a. Belonging to the order 

ofCluny. Gough. 
CLUSTERS, klfis'-lfir. 98. n.s. [clyrfcep, Sax.] A 

bunch. Bacon. A number of animals gathered 

together. Milton. 
To CLUSTER. klfis'-tfir. v.n. To grow in bunches. 

Milton. 
To CLUSTER, kkV-tfir. v. a. To collect any thing 

into bodies. Sir W. Alexander. 
CLU'STER-GRAPE, khV-tfir-grape. n. s. The 

small black grape. Mortimer. 
CLUSTERY, klfis'-tfir-re. a. Growing in clusters. 
' Cotgrave. 
To CLUTCH §, klfitsh. v. a. fce-lseccan, Sax.] To 

gripe; to grasp. Shak. To comprise. Collier. 

To contract ; to double the hand. Shakspeare. 
CLUTCH, klfitsh. n. s. The gripe ; grasp. Charac- 
ters about 1661. Generally, in the plural the paws, 

the talons. L' Estrange. Hands, in a sense of ra- 

pacitv. Hudibras. 
CLU/TTER $, klut'-tfir. 98. n. s. See Clatter. A 

noise ; a bustle. JJ Estrange. 
To CLU'TTER, klfit'-t&r. v. n. To make a noise, 

or bustle. 
CLYSTER S, khV-tfir. n. s. [/cW-rfy.] A liquid 

remedy, applied by injection up the rectum. Ar- 

buthnot. 
CLYSTER-PIPE*, khV-tfir-pjpe. n. s. The lube or 

pipe by which a clvster is injected. 
To CLY'STERIZE* khV-lfir-lze. v.n. To apply a 

clvster. Cotgrave. 
CLY'STERWISE*, khV-tfir-wlze. ad. In the man- 
ner of a clyster. Gremhill. 
To COACE'RVATES, ko-a-sar'-vate. 91, 503, {b.) 

v. a. [coacervo, Lat.] To heap up together. Bacon. 

{£f= Every dictionary but Entick's lias the accent on 
the penultimate syllable of this word ; and that this is 
the true accentuation, we may gather from the tendency 
of the accent to rest on the same syllable as in the 
Latin word it is derived from, when the same number 
of syllables are in both; as in coacervo and coacervatc. 

SeeARIETATE. W. 

COACERVA'TION, ko-as-ser-va'-shfin. n. s. Heap- 
ing, or being heaped together. Bacon. 

COACH S, k6tsh. n.s. [coche, Fr.] A carriage of 
pleasure or slate, distinguished from a chariot by 
having seats fronting each other. Sidney. 

To COACH, k6tsh. v. a. To carry in a coach. B. 
Jonson. To draw together, as horses harnessed to 
a coach. Even/ Wcnnan in her Humour. 

CO'ACHBOX, kotsh'-boks. n. s. The seat on which 
the driver of the coach sits. Arbuthnot. 

COACHFUL*, k6tsh / -ful. n. s. A coach filled with 
persons. Addison. 

COACH-HIRE, kotsh'-hlre. n. s. Money paid for the 
use of a coach. Dryden. 

COACH-HORSE*, kitshMiSrse. n. s. A horse de- 
signed for drawing a coach. B. Jonson. 

COACH-HOUSE, kotsh y -h6us. n. s. The house in 
which the coach is kept. Swift. 

CO'ACHMAKER, k6tsh / -ma-kfir. n. s. He whose 
trade is to make coaches. Shakspeare. 
201 



COA 



COB 



(D" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin;— 



CO'ACHMAN, k6tsh'-man. 88. n. s. The driver of 
a coach. Prior. 

COACHMANSHIP*, kotsh'-man-shlp. n. s. The 
skill of a coachman. Jenyns. 

To COA'CT$, ko-akt'. v. n. [from con and act.] To 
act together. Shakspeare. 

COA'CTED*, ko-akt'-ed. part. a. [coactus, Lat.] 
Forced. B. Jonson. 

COA'CTION, ko-ak'-shon. n. s. Compulsion. Bate. 

COA'CTIVE, k6-ak'-t?v. 157. a. Compulsory ; re- 
strictive. Raleigh. Acting in concurrence. SJiak. 

COA'CTIVELY*, ki-ak'-tlv-le. ad. In a compulsory 
manner. Bp. Bramhall. 

COADJU'MENT, ko-ad'-ju-ment. n. s. Mutual as- 
sistance. 

COADJUTANT, k6-ad'-ju-tant. a. [row and adjitio.] 
Helping. Phillips. 

COADJUTOR, ko-ad-ju'-t&r. 166. n. s. A fellovv- 
helper. Dryden. [In the canon law.] One who is 
appointed to perform the duties of another. Ay- 
life. 

COADJUTRIX*, ko-ad-ju'-trlks. n. s. She who is 
a fellow-helper. Smollet. 

COADJU'VANCY, ki-ad'-ju-van-se. n. s. [con and 
adjuvo, Lat.] Help ; concurrent help. Broiim. 

COADUNITION, ki-ad-u-nish'-fin. n. s. [con, ad, 
unitio, Lat.] Conjunction of different substances 
into one mass. Hale. 

COADVE'NTURER*, ki-ad-vSn'-tshur-ur. n. s. A 
fellow-adventurer. Howell. 

To COAFFO'REST*. v. a. To convert ground into 
forest. Howell. 

COA'GENT* k6-a'-jgnt. n. s. An associate. Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. 

To COAGME'NT §, k6-ag-ment'. v. a. [coaugmen- 
ler, old Fr.] To congregate or heap together. 
Glanvilte. 

COAGMENTATION, k6-ag-men-ta/-sh«n. n. s. 
Collection; conjunction. B. Jonson. 

COA'GULABLE, ko-ag'-u-la-bl. a. Capable of con- 
cretion. Boyle. 

To COA/GULATE^ko-ag'-u-late.gi. v. a. [coagu- 
lo, Lat.] To force into concretions. Bacon. 

To COAGULATE, k6-ag'-u-late. v. n. To run 
into concretions. Bacon. 

COAGULATION, ko-ag-u-la'-shfin. n. s. Concre- 
tion ; congelation. Bp. Berkeley. The body form- 
ed by coagulation. Arbuthnot. 

COA'GULATP/E, k6-aV-u-la-uV. a. Having the 
power of coagulation. Boyle. 

C6A / GULAT0R, k6-ag / -u-la-tur. 521. n. s. What 
causes coagulation. Arbuthnot. 

COAK. See Coke. 

COAL$, k6le. 295. n.s. [col, Sax.] The common 
fossil fuel. Chambers. The cinder of scorched 
wood ; charcoal. Bacon. Fire ; any thing inflamed 
or ignited. Shakspeare. 

To COAL, k6le. y. a. To burn wood to charcoal. 
Carew. To delineate with a coal. Camden. 

COAL-BLACK, ktie'-blak. a. Black in the highest 
degree. Spenser. 

COAL-BOX, kole'-b&ks. n. s. A box to carry coals 
to the fire. 

COAL-FISH, kole'-flsh. n. s. A species of beardless 
gad us. 

COAL-HOUSE*, kole'-hSus. n.s. A place to put 
coals in. Junius. 

COAL-MINE, ko-ie'-mlne. n. s. A mine in which 
coals are dug. Mortimer. 

COAL-MINER*, k6le'-ml-nur. n. s. One who works 
in a coal mine. Junius. 

COAL-PIT, kole'-pft. n.s. A pit for digging coals. 
Woodward. 

COAL-SHIP*, k6le'-ship. n.s. A ship that carries 
coals ; a collier. Junius. 

COAL-STONE, kole'-stone. n. s. A sort of canal 
coal. Woodivard. 

COAL-WORK, k6le'-wfirk. n. s. A place where 
coals are found. Fellon. 

CO'ALERY, ko'-lgr-e. n. s. A place where coals 

are dug. Woodward. 
IToCOALE'SCEG, k6-a-leV. v. n. [coaUsco, Lat.] 



To unite in masses. Newton. To grow together ; 
to join. 

COALESCENCE, k6-a-les'-sense. n. s. Union 
Glaninlle. 

COALITION, k6-a-llsh / -un. n.s. Union in one mass 
or body. Glanville. 

CO ALY, k6'-le. a. Containing coal. Milton. 

COAPTATION, k6-ap-uV-sh&n. n. s. [con and apto, 
Lat.] The adjustment of parts to each other. Boyle. 

To COA'RCT $, k6-arkt'. )v. a. [coar'cic, 

To COA'RCTATE $, k6-ark'-tate j Lat.] To con- 
fine into a narrow compass. Sir T. Elyot. To re- 
strain. Ayliffe. 

COARCTATION, ko-ark-uV-shun. n. s. Confine- 
ment. Bacon. Contraction of any space. Ray 
Restraint of liberty. Bp. Bramhall. 

COARSE $, korse. a. Not refined. Shak. Not soft 
or fine. Scott. Rude; uncivil. Addison. Gross. 
Thomson. Inelegant ; rude. Dnjden. Not nicely 
expert. Arbuthnot. Mean ; not elegant. Roscommon. 

CO'ARSELY, k6rseMe. ad. Without fineness; 
meanly. Brown. Rudely. Dryden. Inelegantly. 
Dn/den. Not delicately; grossly. Shakspeare. 

CO'ARSENESS, k6rse / -n§s. n.s. Impurity. Bacon. 
Roughness. Grossness. L'Estrange. Roughness. 
Garth. Meanness. Addison. 

To COASSU'ME*, ki-as-snme'. v. a. [con and as- 
sume.'] To take upon one's self, one thing or quali- 
ty together with another. Walsall. 

COAST §, k6ste. n.s. [costa, Lat.] The edge of the 
iand next the sea ; the shore. Dryden. The border 
or frontier of a country. Huloet. Side. Bacon. 
The coast is clear : proverbial, the danger is over. 
Sidney. 

To COAST, koste. v. n. To sail close by the coast. 
Dryden. To approach. Spenser. 

To COAST, k6ste. v. a. To sail by. Brown. To 
keep close to. Holinshed. 

CO'ASTER, k6s / -t&r. n. s. He that sails near the 
shore. Dryden. 

COAT §, kite. n. s. [cotte, Fr.] The upper garment. 
1 Sam. Petticoat ; the habit of a boy in his infan- 
cy. Locke. The habit or vesture of office. Howell. 
The hair or fur of a beast. Milton. Any tegument 
or covering. Peaclmm. That on which the ensigns 
armorial are portrayed. Spenser. A card, called 
rightly a coat-card, and corruptly a court-card. B. 
Jonson. 

To COAT, kite. v. a. To cover ; to invest. B 
Jonson. 

COAT-CARD*, k6te'-kard. n. s. [from the dress or 
coat, in which the king, queen, and knave, are 
represented.] A card. Improperly called court- 
card. B. Jonson. 

To COAX $, k6ks. v. a. To wheedle; to flatter. 
L'Estrange. 

COAX*, koks. n. s. A dupe. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

COAXATION*, koks-a/-shun. n. s. The art of 
coaxing. 

CO AXER, koks'-ur. n. s. A wheedler. 

COB, kob. n. s. The sea-mew. Phillips. A spider. 
A horse not castrated. A strong pony. A coin. 
Slieridan. 

CO'BALT, kob'-alt. n. s. A marcasite frequent in 
Saxony. Woodward. 

ToCO'BBLE$, k6b'-bl. 405. v. a. [kobler, Dan.} 
To mend any thing coarsely. Shakspeare. To do. 
or make clumsily. Dryden. 

CO'BBLE*, or CO'BLE*, k6b'-bl. n. s. [cuople, 
Sax.] A fishing boat. Pennant. A pebble. Fairfax. 



air/a. 
of ol 



CO'BBLER, kob'-l&r. 98. n. s. A mender of old 
shoes. Addison. A clumsy workman. Shak. Any- 
mean person. Dryden. 

CO'BCOALS*, kob'-k6l z. n. s. Large round coals.. 

CO'BIRONS, k&b'-l-urn-/.. n. s. Irons with a knob., 
at the upper end. Bacon. 

CO'BISHOP, k6-blsh'-ftp. n. s. A coadjutant bishop. 
Ayliffe. 

CO'BLOAF*. k&b'-lofe. n„ *. A crusty, uneven loaf. 

CO'BNUT, kob'-not. n. s. A boy's game} the con* 
quering nut. A large nu t. Barret. 

COBO'B*. SeeCABOB. 
202 



coc 



COE 



-n&, mfive. n&r, not ;— lo.be, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pofind ;— th\n, THis. 



COBSTONES* k&b'-st&nz. n. s. Large stones. 

CO'BS\VAN,k6b'-sw&n. n.s. The head or leading 
swan. B. Jonson. 

COBWEB, kob'-web. n. s. [kopweb, Dutch.] The 
web or net of a spider. Spenser. Any snare or 
trap. Hudibras. 

CO BWEB*, k&b'-web. a. Any thing fine, slight, or 
flimsy. More. 

COBWEBBED*, k&b'-webd. a. Covered with the 
webs of spiders. Lovelace. 

COCA. See Cacao, and Cocoa. 

COCCI'FEROUS, k&k-slf-fer-rns a. [kokk6 s , and 
fero, Lat.] Plants or trees that have berries. 
~Qui?icv. 

CWCC XJL VS m INDIC US*, k&k'-ku-lf.s-m'-de-kfis. 
[Lat.l A poisonous, narcotick berrv. Chambers. 

CO'CCYX*, k&k'-slks. n.s. [Lat.l [in anatomy.] 
A bone joined to the extremity of the os sacrum. 

CO'CHINEAL, k&tsh'-m-eel. 165. n. s. [cochinilla, 
Span.] An insect gathered upon the opuntia, and 
dried : from which a beautiful red colour is ex- 
tracted. Hill. 

CO'CHLEARY, k&k'-le-a-re. 353. a. [coclUea, Lat.] 
In the form of a screw. Broun. 

CO CHLEATED, k&k'-le-a-ted. a. Of a screwed 
form. Woodward. 

COCK §, k&k. n. s. [k6kkv%.] The male to the hen. 
Bacon. The male of any small birds. Arbnthnot. 
The weathercock. Shnk. A spout to let out water, 
by turning the stop. Shak. The notch of an ar- 
row. The part of the lock of a gun that strikes 
with the flint. Hudibras. A conqueror ; a leader. 
Addison. Cockcrowing. Shak. A small heap of 
hay. Mortimer. The form of a hat. Addison. The 
style or gnomon of a dial. The needle of a balance. 
Cock on the hoop. Triumphant ; exulting. Camden. 
Cock and a bull. Tedious, unmeaning stories. 
Burton. 

To COCK, k&k. r. a. To set erect. Addison. To 
set up the hat with an air of pcrtness. Prior. 
To mould the form of the hat. To fix the cock of 
a gun ready for a discharge. Dryden. To raise 
hay in small heaps. Spenser. 

To COCK, k&k. v. n. To strut ; to hold up the head. 
Sir T. Smith. To train or use fighting cocks. B. 
Jonson. To cocker. Tusser. 

COCKA'DS, k&k-kade'. n. s. A riband worn in 
the hat. Young. 

COCKA'DED*, k&k-ade'-ed. a. Wearing a cock- 
ade in the hat. Young. 

CO'CKAL*, k&k'-ul. n. s. A game called huckle 
bone. Kinder. 

COCKATOO*, k&k-a-too'. n.s. A bird of the par- 
rot kind. jSir T. Herbert. 

COCKATRICE, k&k'-a-trlse. 142. n. s. [cocatrice, 
old Fr.l A serpent supposed to rise from a cock's 
e^. Shakspeare. 

COCKBOAT, k&k'-b&te. n. s. A small boat be- 
longing to a ship. Bacon. 

CO'CKBRAINED*, k&k'-bran'd. a. Giddy; rash. 
Milton. 

CO'CKBROTH, kbk'-broth. n. s. Broth made by 
boiling a cock. Han-en. 

COCK-CROWING, kok'-kr&-ing. n. s. The. time 
at which cocks crow; the morning. St. Mark. 

To COCKERS, k&k'-kur. v. a. To fondle; to in- 
dulge. Ecclus. 

COCKER, k&k'-kur. 98. n. s. A cockfighter. 

CO'CKER* k&k'-kur. ?i.s. A sort of spatterdash. 
Bp. Hall. 

COCKEREL, k&k'-kflr-fl. 555. n. s. A young cock. 
Shakspeare. 

COCKERING*, k&k'-ur-ing. n. s. Indulgence. 
Milton.. 

CO'CKET*, k&k'-klt. a. Brisk ; pert. Shenvood. 

CO'CKET, k&k'-klt. 99. n. s. An instrument sealed 
and delivered by the officers of the custom-house to 
merchants, as a warrant that their merchandise is 
entered. Coicel. A cock-boat. 

CO'CKFIGHT, k&k'-f ite. ) n. s. A battle or 

COCKFIGHTING*, k&k'-fi-ting. $ match of cocks. 
Bacon. 



COCKHORSE, k&k'-h&rse. a. On horseback ; tri- 
umphant; exulting. Prior. 

COCKING*, k&k'-Ing. n. s. Cockfighting. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

COCKLE*, k&k'-kl. 405. n.s. {cochlea, Lat.] A 
small testaceous fish. Shakspeare. 

COCKLE-STAIRS, k&k'-kl-stares. n.s. Winding 
or spiral stairs. Chambers. 

COCKLE, k&k'-kl. n. s. [coccel, Sax.J A weed 
that grows in corn. Job. 

To CO'CKLE, k&k'-kl. v. a. To contract into wrin- 
kles like the shell of a cockle. Gay. 

CO'CKLED, k&k'-kld. 359. a. Shelled. Shakspeare. 

COCKLER*, k&k'-lur. n. s. One who takes and 
sells cockles. Gray. 

CO'CKLOFT, k&k'-l&ft. n.s. The room over the 
garret. Gregon/. 

CO'CKMASTER, k&k'-ma-st&r. n. s. One that 
breeds game cocks. L'Estrange. 

COCKMATCH, k&k'-matsh. n. s. Cockfight for a 
prize. Addison. 

COCKNEY, kok'-ne. 270. n. s. [The original un- 
known.] A native of London, by way of contempt. 
Shak. Any effeminate, ignorant, low, mean, des- 
picable citizen. Sluikspeare. 

COCKNEYLIKE*, k&k'-ne-llke. a. Resembling the 
character of a cockney. Burton. 

COCKPIT, kok'-pk n. s. The area where cocks 
fight. Shak. A place on the lower deck of a man 
of war, where are subdivisions for the purser, sur- 
geon, and his mates. 

COCK'SCOMB, k&ks'-k&me. n.s. A plant. 

CO'CK'SHEAD, k&ks'-hed. n. s. A plant ; sainfoin. 
Miller. 

CO'CKSHUT, k&k'-shut. n. s. The close of the 
evening. Shakspeare. 

COCKSPUR, k&k'-spor. n. s. Virginian hawthorn. 
'Miller. 

COCKSURE, kok-shoor'. a. Confidently certain. 
Skelton. 

CO'CKSWAIN, k&k'-sn. [See Boatswain.] n. s. 
The officer who has the command of the cock-boat. 
Corruptlv cnxon. Drummond. 

CO'CKWEED, k&k'-weed. n. s. A plant, dittan- 
der, or pepperwort. 

CO'COA, k&'-k&. n. s. [coca, or coco, Span, and Port.] 
A species of palm-tree, cultivated in the East and 
West Indies. Miller. 

CO'CTILE, k&k'-lfl. 140. a. [coctilis, Lat.] Made 
by baking, as a brick. 

CO'CTION, k&k'-shfin. n. s. [coctio, Lat.] The aet 
of boiling. Arbulhnot. 

CO'DFISH, k&d'-fish. H- A sea " fish - «*"****• 

COD §, k&d. n. s. [cobbe, Sax.] Any case or husk 
in which seeds are lodged. Shakspeare. A pil- 
low. 

To COD, k&d. v.n. To enclose in a cod. Mortimet 

CO'DDERS, k&d'-durz. n. s. Gatherers of pease. 
Did. 

CO'DDY* k&d'-de. a. Husky. Slwwood. 

CO'DGER*, k&d'-jur. n. s. [coger, Span.] A miser; 
one who rakes together all he can. 

CODE, kode. n. s. [codex, Lat.] A book. A book 
of the civil law. ArbuHinot. 

CO'DICIL, kod'-e-sll. n.s. An appendage to a will. 
Prior. 

CODI'LLE, k&-d?l'. n. s. [codille, Fr.] A term at 
ombre, when the game is won. Pope. 

To CO'DLE$, k&d>-dl. 405. v. a. To parboil. Beau- 
mont. 

To CO'DLE*, k&d'-dl. v. a. To make much of. 

CO'DLING, k&d'-lmg. n. s. A species of apple. 
Bacon. 

COE'FFICACY, k&-ef-fe-ka-se. n.s. The powei 
of several things acting together. Broivn, 

COEFFI'CIENCY, k&-ef-f?sh'-en-se, n.s, Co-ope- 
ration. Glanrille, 

COEFFI'CDZNTS, k&-ef-flsh'-ent. [See Efface.] 
n.s. [con and ejficiens, Lat.] That which unites its 
action with the action of another. A term in alge- 
bra and in fluxions. 



COF 



COG 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, mh 5— pine, pin 



COEFFICIENTLY* kd-ef-fish'-ent-le. ad. In a 
co-operating manner. 

COE'LDER* k6-eT-dfir. n. s. An elder of the same 
rank. Trapp. 

COE'LIACK Passion, ko-eF-e-ak-pash'-un. [co- 
eliaque, old Fr.] A species of diarrhoea, or flux. 
Quincy. 

CCEMETERY. See Cemetery. 

COE'MPTION, k6-em / -shun. 412. n. s. [coemptio, 
Lat.J Buying- up the whole quantity of any thing. 
Bacon. 

CCENOBY*. See Cenoby. 
To COENJO'Y*, k6-en-jSe 7 . v. a. To enjoy together. 
Howell. 

COE / QUAL §, ko-e'-kwal. a. E^ual ; of the same 
rank or dignity. Shakspeare. 

COEQUA'LITY, k6-e-kw&l'-e-te. n.s. The state of 
being equal. Hooker. 

ToCOF/RCE^ k6-erse / . v. a. [ccerceo, Lat.] To 
restrain. Ayliffe. 

COERCIBLE, k64F-se-bT. a. That may be re- 
strained. That ought to be restrained. 

COERCION, ko-ey-shun. n.s. Penal restraint 5 
check. Hale. 

COERCIVE, k6-eV-s?v. a. That which has the 

,> |)o\ver of laying restraint, or the authority of re- 
straining. Blackmore. Hooker. 

COESSE'NTIAL $, ko-es-sen'-shal. a. [con and es- 
sentia, Lat.] Participating of the same essence. 
Hooker. 

COESSENTIA'LITY, ki-gs-sen-she-ak-e-te. n. s. 
Participation of the same essence. Burgess. 

COESSE'NTIALLY*, ko-gj-seV-shal-le\ ad. In a 
co-essential manner. 

COEST A'BLISHMENT*, ko-es-tabMish-menl. n. s. 
Joint establishment. Bv. of Landaff. 

COETA'NEAN*, ko-e-uV-ne-an. n. s. [con and cetas, 
Lat.] One of the same age with another. Au- 
brey. 

rOETA'NEOUS, ko-e-ta'-ne-us. a. Of the same 
age with another. Brown. 

COETE'RNAL §, k6-e-teV-nal. a. [con and cctenms, 
LatJ Equally eternal with another. Milton. 

COETE'RNALLY, ko-e-ter'-nal-le. ad. Of equal 
eternity with another. Hooker. 

COETE'RNITY, kb-e-teV-ne-te, n. s. Having exis- 
tence from eternity equal with another eternal be- 
ing. Hammond. 1 

COE'VAL §, kd-e'-viil. a. [cocevus, Lat.] Of the same 
age, or lime. Prior. Of the same age with another. 
Hah. . 

COE'VAL, ki-e'-val. n. s. A contemporary. Hxke- 
icill. 

COE'VOUS. k6-e / -vc.s. a. One of the same age. 

ToCOEXI'ST*, kfeg-zisf. 478. y. n. [can and 
cxisto, Lat.] To exist at the same time. Hale. 

COEXI'STENCE, ko-eg-zls'-tense. n. s. Existence 
at the same time with another. Locke. 

COEXPSTEJNT, k6-eg-zis'-tent. a. Existing at the 
same time with another. Locke. 

T: COEXTE'ND§, ko-els-tend'. All. v. a. [con and 
extendo, Lat.] To extend to the same space or du- 
ration with another. Grew. 

COEXTE'NSION, ko-ek-sten'-shtm. n. s. Extending 
to the same space or duration with another. Hale. 

COEXTENSIVE* ki-eks-ten'-siv. a. Having the 
same extent. Bp. Winchester. 

COEXTE'NSIVELY*, l^-ek-sten'-slv-le. ad. In a 
co-extensive manner. 

CO'FFEE§, kof-fe, n.s. [Arabick.] A species of 
Arabick jessamine, from the berries of which a 
drink called coffee is prepared. Bacon. 

CO'FFEE-HOUSE, k&f -fe-house. n. s. A house of 
entertainment where coffee is sold. Burton.. 

COFFEE-MAN, kof-fe-maii. 88. n. s. One that 
keeps a coffee-house. Addison. 

CO'FFEE-POT, k6f-fe-p6t. n. s. The covered pot in 
which coffee is boiled. Dr. Warton. 

COTTER §, kdf-fftr. n.s. [coppe, Sax.] A chest 
generally for keeping money. Spenser. Treasure. 
paeon. A square depressure in each interval be- 
tween the modillions of the Corinthian cornice. 



[In fortification.] A hollow lodgement across a dry 
moat. 

$5= I have in this word followed the general pronuncia- 
tion, which I see is confirmed by Dr. Kenrick, W. John- 
ston, Messrs. Perry, Scott, and Buchanan ; for as it 
stands in Mr. Sheridan witl the lung, though not with- 
out respectable usage on its side, it is a gross irregulari- 
ty, which ought, if possible, to be reduced to rule. W. 

ToCOTFER, k&P-f&r. v. a. To treasure up. Bacon. 

COTFERER*, kof-fur-ur. 555. n. s. He who places 
treasure in a chest or coffer. Young. A principal 
officer of his majesty's court, next under the comp- 
troller. Warton. 

COFFIN § f kdf-fin. n.s. [ K 6ij>ivos.] The box or chest 
in which dead bodies are interred. Sidney. A 
mould of paste for a pie. Titus Andron. A paper 
case, in form of a cone , used by grocers. — Coffin 
of a horse,\s the whole hoof of the foot above the 
coronet, including the cqffinbone ; which is a small 
spongy bone, enclosed in the midst of the hoof. 

To CO'FFIN, kof-fm. v. a. To enclose in a coffin. 
Shak. To enclose. John Hall. To cover, as with 
paste. B. Jonson. 

CO'FFIN-MAKER, kof-f m-ma-kur. n. s. One whose 
trade is to make coffins. Taller. 

COFO'UNDER*, ko-ffiuud'-ur. n. s. A joint foun- 
der. Weever. 

COG §*, kdg. n. s. A piece of deceit. Watson. 

To COG$, kdg. v. a. To flatter; to wheedle. Shak. 
To cog a die : to secure it, so as to direct its fall ; 
to falsify. Bp. Hall. Dnjden. To obtrude by 
falsehood. Tillotson. 

To COG, k&g. v. n. To lie ; to wheedle. Tusser. 

COG§, k6g. 7/. s. The tooth of a wheel. Dean Tucker 

To COG, kdg. v. a. To fix cogs in a wheel. 

CQG$ # , k6g. n. s. [kogge, Goth.] A cock -boat; a 
little boat. Fairfax. 

CO'GENCY, ko'-jen-se.M.s. Force; strength. Locke. 

COGE'NIAL*, k6-je / -ne-al. a. Congenial. Warton. 

CO'GENT§, k6'-jent. a. [cogens, Lat.] Forcible; 
resistless. Prior. 

CO'GENTLY, ko'-jent-le. ad. Forcibly. Locke. 

COGGER, k6g'-ur. n.s. A flatterer. Shenvood. 

CO'GGERY*, kog'-flr-e. n. s. Trick; falsehood. 
Watson. 

CO'GGING*, kog'-mg. n.s. Cheat; fallacy. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. I 

CO'GGLESTONE, kog'-gl-stine. n. s. [cuogolo, 
Ital.J A small pebble. Skinner. 

CO'GITABLE, kodje'-e-ta-bl. 405. a. That which 
mav be thought en. 

To COMITATE §, kodje'-e-tate. 91. v.n. [cogito, 
Lat.] To think. Donne. 

COGITA'TION, kodje-e-ta'-shun. n.s. Thought. 
Hooker. Purpose. Bacon. Meditation; contem- 
plation. Milton. 

CO'GITATIVE, kodje'-e-ta-tfv. a. Having the power 
of thought. Smith,. Given to thought. Wotton. 

CO'GNATE W, k&g'-nate. a. [cognatus, Lat.] Kin- 
dred. Hoivell. 

COGNA / TION,k&g-na / -shf!ii. n.s. Descent from the 
same original. Sir T. Brown. Relation. South. 

COGNISE^, kog-ne-zee', or kon-e-zee'. [See Cog- 
nizance.} n. s. He to whom a fine in lands or 
tenements is acknowledged. Cowel. 

CO'GNISOUR, kog-ne-zSr', or k6n-e-z6r / . 314. 
n. s. He that passeth or acknowledgeth a fine in 
lands or tenements to another. Coicel. 

COGNFTKW $, kog-nish'-un. n. s. [cogniiio, Lat.] 
Knowledge. Shakspeare. 

COGNITIVE, k6g'-ne-liv. a. Having the power of 
knowing. South. 

CO'GNIZABLE, kog'-ne-za-bl, or kSn'-e-za-br. 405. 
a. That falls under judicial notice. Liable to be 
tried. Ayliffe. 

CO'GNIZANCE, k6g ; -ne-zanse, or kon'-e-ziinse. 
[k6n / -e-zanse, Shei-w.au fy Perry.] n. s. [cogni- 
zance, old Fr.] Judicial notice; trial. South. A 
badge. Bacon. Knowledge by recollection. Spenser. 

§tj" I have in this word and its relatives given the foren- 
sick pronunciation : but cannot help observing, that it is 
so gross a departure from the most obvious rules of tho 
204. 



COI 



COL 



—116, in ve, nor, not ;— tube, tto, bull ;— oil }— pdflnd ;—th\n, THis 



language, that it is highly incumbent on the gentlemon 
of the law to renounce it, and reinstate the excluded a in 
its undoubted rights. — See Authoiutt and Cleff. W. 

rOGXOMINAL$, kog-ndm'-e-nal. a. [cognomen, 
Lat.] Having the same name. Brown. 'Belong- 
ing 10 the surname. Pearson. 

ZVCCKiKQ'MlNATE*,k6g-nom / -£-nate. v. a. To 

«ve a name. Cockeram. 
COG NOMINATION, k6g-n6m-e-mV-shun. n. s. A 
surname. A name added from any accident or 
quality. Brown. 
COGXO'SCENCES, k6g-n6s'-sense. n. s. [cognosco, 

Lat.] Knowledge. Diet. 
COGNO'SCENTE*, k6g-n6s-sen'-te.ra..y.[p]u. cq 
iioscadi, Ital.] One who is well versed in airy 
t !i i ii£T 5 a connoisseur. 
COG^OSCIBFLITY*, kog-nos-se-bil'-e-te. n. s. 

The gualitv of* being- cognoscible. 
COGNO'SCIBLE, kdg-nos'-se-bl. a. That maybe 
known. Sir T. Brown. That falls under judicial 
notice. Bp. Hall. 
COGNO'SCITIVE* kog-nos'-se-dv. a. Having the 

power of knowing. Bp. Barlow. 
To COHA'BIT$, k6-habMt. v.n. [cohabito, Lat.] 
To dwell with another. South. To live together 
as husband and wife. Fiddes. 
COHA'BITANT, k6-hab / -e-tant. n. s. An inhabitant 

of tlie same place. Woolton. 
COHABIT A'TION, ko-hab-e-ta'-sluin. n. s. The act 
of inhabiting the same place with another. Abp. 
Cranmer. The state of living together as married 
persons. Bacon. 
COHETR, k6-are'. n. s. [cohxres, Lat.] One of sev- 
eral among whom an inheritance is divided. Bp. 
Taylor. 
COHEIRESS, k6-a/-ris. 99. n. s. One of two or more 

heiresses. 
To COHE'RE^, ko-here'. v. n. [cohcereo, Lat.] To 
stick together. Woodward. To be well connected. 
Burke. To suit 5 to fit. Sliak. To agree. Milton. 
COHERENCE, k6-h,y-rense. ) n. s. That state of 
COHERENCY, ko-he'-ren-se. \ bodies in which 
their parts are joined together so that they resist 
separation. Locke. Connexion. Hooker. The 
regular texture of a discourse. Consistency in rea- 
soning. Locke. 
COHERENT, ko-he'-rent. a. Sticking together. 
Arbulhnot. Connected ; united. Locke. Suitable 
to something else. Shaksveare. Consistent. Waits. 
COHESION, ki-he'-zhun. n. s. The act of sticking 
together. Newton. The stale of union. Bluck- 
more. Connexion. Locke. 
COHESIVE, ko-he'-slv. 158, 428. a. That has the 

power of sticking. 
COHESIVELY* k6-he'-siv-le. ad, 



turmoil. Shakspeare. A 



In a connected 
manner. 

COHE'SIVENESS, ko-he'-siv-nes. n. s. The quali- 
ty of being cohesive. 

ToCOHFBIT, ko-hnV-it. v. a. [cohibeo, Lat.] To 
restrain. 

To COTIOBATE §, kc-'-hi-bate. 91. r. a. To pour the 
distilled liquor upon the remaining matter, and 
distil it again. Arbulhnot. 

COHOB ACTION, kd-ho-ba'-shfin. n. s. The repeat- 
ed exposure of any substance to the chymical ac- 
tion of a liquid. Locke. 

CO'HORT, k^-fcort. n. s. [cohxrrs, Lat.] A troop of 
soldiers in the Roman armies, containing about 
five hundred foot. Camden. A body of warriours. 
MiUon. 

COHORT A'TION, ki-hdr-ta'-shun. n. s. Encourage- 
ment by words. Diet. 

COIF$ f kdlf. 344, 415. [See Quoif.] n. s. [coeffe, 
FrJ The head-dress ; a cap. Bacon. 

To COIF*, kd?f. v. a. To dress with a coif. Cooper. 

COTFED, kolft. 359. a. Wearing a coif. Arbuih. 

COIFFURE. kd?f-fure. n. s. Head-dress. Donne. 

To COIGNE*. koln. ) v. n. To live bv extortion; an 

7 T oCO / INY*.k6k / -e. \ Irish term. Brysket. 9 

COIGNE, k6m. n.s. [cogn, old Fr.] A corner. Shak- 1 
speare. A wooden wedge used bv printers. 

To COIL $, koll. v.a. \coiMv, old Fr.] To gather I 



into a narrow compass ; as to coil a rope. Beau 

vwnt and Fletclier. 
COIL, koil. n.s. Tumult; 

rope wound into a ring. 
COIN, k6in. n.s. A corner. 
COIN §, kdin. n. s. [coin, Fr.] Money stamped with a 

legal impression. Sidney. Payment of any kind. 

Hammond. 
To COIN, k6!n. v.a. To stamp metals for money. 

Slmk. To make or invent. Sliakspeare. To make 

or forge any thing, in an ill sense. Hudihras. 
COINAGE, k6m 7 -'ajc. 91. n.s. The art or practice 

of coining money. Arfmffmot. Coin; money. 

Brown. The charges of coirirftgr money. New 

production. Dnjden. Forgery; mention. Sliak. 
To COINCFDE $, ko-m-slde'. v. n. [c-f.ncidd, Lat.] 

To fall upon the same point. Cheijne. "To con- 
cur. Watts. 
COFNCIDENCE, kMn'-se-dense. n. s. The state 

of falling upon the same point. Benlleij. Concur^ 

rence ; consistency. Hale. 
COFNCIDENCY*, ko-in'-se-d&i-se. n.s. Tendency 

to the same end. Foiherby. 
COINCIDENT, ko-ln'-se-dent. a. Falling upon the 

same point. Newton. Concurrent. South.. 
COINCFDER* ko-Jn-sl'-dur. n. s. That which coin- 
cides with another thing. Harris. 
COINDICA'TIQN*, k6-ln-de-ka / -shun. n. s. [cm 

and indico, Lat.] Many symptoms betokening the 

same cause. 
COTNER, koln'-ur. 98. n. 5. A maker of money. Shak. 

A maker of base money. An inventor. Camden. 
To COFNQUINATE §*, ko-m'-kwe-nate. r. a. [coin- 

quino, Lat.] To pollute; to defile. Skelton. 
COINQUINA'TION*, k6-?n-kwe-na/-sb&i. n.s. Pcl- 

lution ; defilement. Cotgrave. 
To COJOTN, ko-jdiV. v. n. [conjimgo, Lat.] To 

join with another. Slmkspeare. 
COTSTRIL, kSfs'-trll. n. s. A coward ; corrupted 

from kestrel, a degenerate hawk. Slmkspeare. 
CQIT§ ; k61t. 344, 415. n. s. [kote, Dutch.] A thing 

thrown at a certain mark. Carew. See Quoit. 
To COIT*; kfllt. v. a. To throw any thing, as at the 

game of coits. 
COFTFNG* kolt'-ing. n. s. Playing at coits. J8S»- T. 

Elyot. 
COI'TION, ko-ish'-fin. n.s. [coitio, Lat.] Copula- 
tion; the act of generation. Ray. The act by 

which two bodies come together. Brown. 
COJU'ROR*, ko-ju'-r&r. n. s. [con and juror, Lat.| 

He who bears his testimony to the credibility ot 

another. Wotlon. 
COKE, k6ke. n. s. Fewel made by burning pit-coal 

under earth, and quenching the cinders. 
CO'LANDER, kfilMan-dur. 165. n. s. [colo, Lat.] A 

sieve ; a strainer. May. 
COLA'TION, k6-la/-shun. n. s. Filtering or strain- 

CO'LATURE, koF-a-tshure. .161. n. s. Straining; 
filtration. Evelyn. The matter strained. 

CO'LBERTINE, k6l-ber-teen'. 112. n.s. A kind of 
lace; 1 he fabrick of Mons. Colbert. Congreve. 

CO'LCOTHAR, k6l'-k6-^gr. n. s. The dry sub- 
stance which remains after distillation, but ccni- 
monlv the caput mortuum of vitriol. Brown. 

COLD 5, kdld. a. [colb, Sax.] Not hot; not warm 
gelid. Milton. Causing sense of cold. Milton. 
Chill ; shivering. Shak. Having cold qualities. 
Bacon. Indifferent; frigid. Hooker. Unaffecting. 
B. Jonson. Reserved; coy. Sliak. Chaste. Shak. 
Not welcome. Shak. Not hasty ; not violent. Not 
affecting the scent strongly. Shak. Not having 
the scent strongly affected. Shakspeare. 

COLD, kold. n. s. The cause of the sensation of cold ; 
the privation of heat. Sliak. The sensation of cold. 
Dn/den. A disease caused by cold. Shakspeare. 

COLD-BLOODED*, kold'-blud-ed. a. Without feel- 
ing. Sliaksveare. 
COLD-HEARTED*, koldMiart-ed. a. Indifferent; 

wanting passion. Shakspeare. 
CO'LDLY, kold'-lc. ad. Without heat. Without 

•concern. Shakspeare. 

205. 



COL 



COL 



(D 3 559.— File, fir. fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



COLDNESS, kold'-nes. n. s. Want of heat. Boyle. 
Unconcern; frigidity of temper. Hooker. Coyness 5 
want of kindness. Addison. Chastity. Pope. 

COLE$, lu'-le. n. s. [capl, Sax.] A general name for 
all sorts of cabbage. 

COLESEED, kole'-seed. n. s. Cabbage seed. Mor- 
timer. 

COLEWORT, kole'-wurt. 165. n. s. A species of 
cabbage. Dryderi. 

CO LICK, kol'-fc. n. s. [colicus, Lat.J A disorder of 
the bowels that is attended with pain, with or with- 
out constipation. Quincy. 

CO'LlCK, kol'-ik. a. Affecting the bowels. Milton. 

To COLL §*, k6l. v. a. [coller, old Fr.] To embrace. 
Spenser. 

ToCOLLA'PSES, kol-laps'. v. n. [collapsus, Lat.] 
To fall together. Arbuthnot. 

COLLAPSED* kol-lapst'. a. Withered ; ruined ; 
fallen down. Burton. 

COLLA PSION, k^-lap'-shun. n. s. Closing or col- 
lapsing. Russell. The state of vessels closed. 

CO LLAR$, k6l'-l&r. 418, 88. n. s. [collar, Span.] A 
ring of metal put round the neck. Drijden. The 
harness that is fastened about the horse's neck. Skate. 
The part of the dress that surrounds the neck. Job. 
To slip the collar. To get free. Spenser. A collar 
of brawn, is the quantity bound up in one parcel. 
Pegge. 

COLLAR-BONE, kol'-lfir-b6ne. n. s. The clavicle. 
Wiseman.' 

To COLLAR, k5l'-lur. v. a. To seize by the collar. 

COLLARED* k&l'-lurd. a. [In heraldry.] Any ani- 
mal having a collar about its neck. Chaucer. 

To COLLATE §, k&l-late^. v. a. [confero, collatum, 
Lat.] To compare one thing of the same kind with 
another. Bacon. To examine if nothing be want- 
ing in books. Fell. To bestow; to confer. Bp. 
Taylor. To place in an ecclesiastical benefice. 
Ayliffe. 

COLLATERAL, kol-lat'-ter-al. a. [con and lotus, 
Lat.l Side to side. ShaJc. Running parallel. Dif- 
fused on either side. Milton. Those relations who 
do not descend directly, as uncles, aunts, nephews, 
&c. Ayliffe. Not direct; not immediate. SlwJc. 
Concurrent. Atlerbury. 

COLLATERALLY, k6l-lat'-ter-al-le. ad. Side 
by side. Wilkins. Indirectly. Dryden. In col- 
lateral relation. 

COLLATERALNESS*, kdl-lat'-ter-al-nes. n. s. A 
state of collateral relation or connexion. Cotgrave. 

COLLATION, kdl-la'-shun.rt.s. [coUatio, Lat.] The 
act of conferring or bestowing. Ray. Comparison 
of one thing of the same kind with another. Spel- 
man. [In law.] Collation is the bestowing of a 
benefice. Cowel. A repast. Wliiston. Discourse. 
Abp. Canterbury. Collection. Bp. Niclwlson 

COLLATFTIOUS, k6l-la-tish'-us. a. Done b; 
contribution of man}'. Diet. 

COLLA'TIVE*, kol-la'-tiv. a. [In iaw.] An advow- 
son collative is, where the bishop and the patron are 
one and the same person. Able to confer or be- 
stow. 

COLLATOR, k&l-la'-tor. 166. n. s. One that com- 
pares copies or manuscripts. Addison. One who 
presents to an ecclesiastical benefice. Ayliffe. One 
that bestows any gift. Felilmm. 
To COLLAUD, kol-lawd'. v. a. [collaudo, Lat.] To 

join in praising. Howell. 
CO'LLE AGUES, kolMeeg. 492. n.s. [collega, Lat.] 

A partner. Milton. 
To COLLE'AGUE, kdl-leeg'. v. a. To unite with. 

Slialcspeare. 
CO'LLEAGUESHIP*, k&lMeeg-shlp. n. s. Part- 
nership. Milton. 
To COLLECT $,k&l-lSkt'. v. a. [coUigo, colledum, 
Lat.] To gather together. Watts. To gain by ob- 
servation. Shak. To infer as a consequence. 
• Locke. — To collect himself. To recover from sur- 
prise. Shakspeare. 

D^ In scarcely any part of the language does the influ- 
ence of accent on the sound of the vowels appear more 
perceptibly than in the prepositional syllables col, cojh, 



by the 



con, and cor. When the accent is on these syllables, in 
college, commissary, conclave, corrigible, &c. &c, the 
has distinctly its short sound. The same may be ob- 
served of this 0, when the principal accent is on the third 
syllable, and the secondary accent on the first, 523 ; as 
in colonnade, commendation, condescension, correspond- 
ent, See. &c. ; for in this case there is a secondary ac- 
cent on the first syllable, which preserves the in its 
true sound, 522 : but when the accent is on the second 
syllable, this vowel slides into a sound like short u, and 
the words to collect, to commit, to convince, to corrupt, 
&cc. &c, are heard as if written culled, cummit, cun- 
vince, currupt, &'c. &c. It is true, that, when these 
words are pronounced alone, with deliberation, energy, 
and precision, the in the first syllable preserves nearly 
its true sound ; but this seems to slide insensibly into 
short u the moment we unite these words with others, 
and pronounce them without premeditation. The delib- 
erate and solemn sound is that which I have given in 
this [Walker's] dictionary : nor have I made any differ- 
ence between words where the accent is on the second 
syllable : and why Mr. Sheridan, and those who have fol- 
lowed him, should, in combust, commute, complete, &c, 
give the sound of short in from ; and in command, com- 
mit, commence, &c, give the same letter the sound of 
short u in drum, I cannot conceive : they are all suscep- 
tible of this sound or none, and therefore should all be 
marked alike. If custom be pleaded for this distinc- 
tion, it may be observed, that this plea is the best in the 
world when it is evident, and the worst when obscure. 
No such custom ever fell under my observation : I have 
always heard the first syllable of compare and compel, 
of commence and compose, pronounced alike, and have 
therefore made no distinction between them in this 
[Walker's] dictionary. I have given them all the sound 
of the in comma ; though I am sensible that, in collo- 
quial pronunciation, they all approach nearer to the 
short u, and are similar to the same syllables in comfort, 
combat, &c. And it may belaid down as a general rule, 
without an exception, " that in an initial syllable, im- 
" mediately before the accent, and succeeded by two un- 
" combinable consonants, may, in familiar conversation, 
" be pronounced like the same letter in come, done 
" &c." W. 
CO'LLECT, kol'-lgkt. 492. n. s. [collecta, low Lat.] 

A short, comprehensive prayer. Bp. Taylor. 
COLLECT ANEOUS, k&l-lek-ta'-ne-us.a. Gathered 

up together. 
COLLECTEDLY, kol-lekt'-ed-le. ad. Gathered in 

one view at once. More. 
COLLECTEDNESS*, kol-lekt'-Sd-nes.n. *. A state 
of recovery from surprise ; a command over the 
thoughts. State of union or combination. 
COLLECTIBLE, k&l-lek'-te-bl. a. That which may 

be gathered. Brown. 
COLLECTION, k&l-lek'-shfin. n. s. Gathering to- 
gether; contribution for charitable purposes. 1 Cor. 
An assemblage. Prior. The act of deducing con- 
sequences. Hooker. A corollary; deduction. 
Hooker. 
COLLECTFTIOUS, kol-lgk-tlsh'-us. a. Gathered 

COLLECTIVE, k&l-lek'-tlv. a. Gathered into one 
mass. Hooker. Employed in deducing conse- 
quences. Brown. A collective noun expresses a 
multitude, though itself be singular. 

COLLECTIVELY, k&l-lek'-tjv-le. ad. In a general 
mass ; in a body. Hale. 

COLLECTIVENESS*, kol-leV-tiv-nes.n. 5. A state 
of union or combination; a mass. 

COLLECTOR, kol-lek'-t&r. 166. n. s. A gatherer. 
A compiler. Hale. A tax-gathgrer. Temple. A 
name in Oxford for two bachelors of arts, appointed 
to superintend some scholastick proceedings of 
their fellow-bachelors in Lent. 

COLLECTORSHIP*, kdl-lek'-tur-shlp. n. s. The 
office of a collector. 

COLLECATARY, k&l-leg'-a-ta-re. n. s. [con and 
legatum, Lat.] A person to whom is left a legacy 
in common with one or more other persons. Cham- 
bers. 

CO / LLEGE$,k&lMedje.91.[SeeT0CoLLF.CT.]«..s. 
[collegium, Lat.] A community. Dryden. A society 
of men set apart for learning or religion. ShaJc 
The nouse in which the collegians reside. « Kings 

. A college, in foreign universities, is a lecture read 
in publick. 

206 



-~- 







COL 



COL 



-116, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — 611 ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. 



COLLEGE-LIKE*, k&l'-ledje-llke. a. Regulated 
after the manner of a college. Howell. 

COLLE'GIAL, kdl-le'-jo-al. a. Relating to a college. 

COLLEGIAN, kdl-le'-ie-au. «. s. A member of a 
college. One of a religious sect, formed among 
the Arminians and Anabaptists in Holland. 

COLLE'GIATE, k6l-le'-je-ate. 91. a. Instituted af- 
ter the manner of a college. Hooker. — A collegiate 
church : one built at a convenient distance from the 
cathedral church, wherein a number of presbyters 
were settled in one congregation. Aylije. 

COLLE'GIATE, k6l-le'-je-ate. n. s. A member of 
a college. Burton. 

CO'LLE , I', kol'-l'it. 99. 11. 5. [collum, Lat.] Anciently 
something that went about the neck. That part 
of a ring in which the stone is, set. Sir T. Herbert. 
A term used by turners. 

To COLLIDE, kol-llde'. v. n. {collide, Lat.] To 
strike against each other. Brown. 

CO'IXIER$, kol'-yflr. 113. n.s. A digger of coals. 
Gataker. A coal-merchant. Bacon. A ship that 
carries coals. 

COLLIERY, k6l'-y&r-e. 113. n. s. The place where 
coals are dug. The coal trade. 

COLL1FLOWER, k&IMe-fldii-ur. n. s. [capl, Sax. 
and floicer.] A species of cabbage. T. Warton. 

To COLLIGATE $*, k61'-le-gate. v. a. [colligo, Lat.] 
To bind together. Quelch. 

COLLIGATION, kol-le-ga'-shfin. n. s. A binding 
together. Brown. 

COLLIMA'TION, k&l-le-ma'-shun. n. s. [collimo, 
Lat.] Aiming at a mark. Diet. 

COLLINEA'TION,k6l-l?n-e-a'-shun. n.s. [collineo, 
LatJ The act of aiming. 

CO LLING*, kdl'-llng. n. s. An embrace ; dalliance. 
Chancer. Ob. T. 

COLLIQUABLE, k&l-luV-wa-bl. a. Easily dissolv- 
ed. Harrey. 

COLLl'QUAMENT, k&l-nV-wa-ment. n. s. The 
substance to which any thing is reduced by being 
melted. 

CO'LLIQUANT, kol'-le-kwant. a. That which has 
l he power of melting. 

To COLLIQUATE §, kol'-le-kwate. 91. v. a. [colli- 
queo, Lat.] To melt ; to dissolve. Boyle. 

To COLLIQUATE, kol'-le-kwate. v. n. To be dis- 
solved. Brown. 

COLLIQUA'TION, k6l-le-kwa'-sh&n. n. s. The act 
of melting. Bacon. Such a temperament or dispo- 
sition of the animal fluids as proceeds from a lax 
compages, which occasions fluxes., sweats, &c. 
Quincy. 

COLLIQUATIVE, kol-llk'-wa-rfv. a. Meltings dis- 
solvent. Quincy. 

COLLIQUEFA'CTION, k6l-lik-we-fak'-sh&n. n. s. 
Melting together. Bacon. 

COLLI'SION, kol-l?zh'-an. n. s. [collisio, Lat.] The 
act of striking two bodies together. Milton. A 
clash. Denham. 
ToCO'LLOCATE§, kdlM6-kate. 91. v. a. [colloco, 
Lat.] To place. 

COLLOCATE* kol'-l6-kate. a. Placed. Bacon. 

COLLOCATION, kol-l6-ka'-shun. n.s. Placing; 
disposition. Gregory. The state of being placed. 
Bacon. 
COLLOCUTION, k&l-l6-ku'-shun. n. s. [collocutio, 

Lat.] Conference ; conversation. 
COLLOCL7TOR*, k6l-l6-ku'-t&r. n.s. One of the 

speakers in a dialogue. M. Casaubon. 
To COLLOGUE, kol-l6g'. 337. v. n. To wheedle 5 

to flatter. Bp. Hall. 
COLLOGUING*, k&l-log'-ing. n. s. Flattery ; de- 
ceit. Burton. 
OO'LLOP, k6l / -lfip. 166. n. s. [colp, old Fr.] A small 
slice of meat. Dryden. A piece of any' animal. 
Job. In burlesque language : a child. SlwJespeare. 
COLLOQUIAL, k&M6 7 -kwe-al. a. Relating to com- 
mon conversation. Dr. Warton. 
CO'LLOQUIST*, k6lM6-kwlst. n.s. A speaker in a 

dialogue. Malone. 
COLLOQUYS, k6l'-l6-kwe. n. *. [colloquium, Lat.] 
Conference ; conversation. Milton. 



CO'LLOW, kolM6. n. s. Black grime of burnt coal? 

or wood. Woodward. 
COLLU'CTANCY, k&l-l&k'-tan-se. n. s. [colluctor, 

Lat.] A tendency to contest. 
COLLUCTATION, k6l-lak-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Contest; 

contrariety ; opposition. More. 
To COLLU'DE§, k&l-lude'. v.n. [colludo, Lat.] To 

conspire in a fraud. Mountagu. 
COLLU'DER*, k6l-UV-dur. n. s. He who conspires 

in a fraud. Milton. 
COLLIDING*, k&l-lu'-dlng. n.s. Trick; secret 

management of deceit. Mountagu. 
COLLISION, k&l-lu'-zhan. n.s. A deceitful agree 

ment between two or more, for the one part to 

bring an action against the other to some evil put 

pose. Cowel. 
COLLUSIVE, kol-hV-siv. 158,428. a. Fraudulently 

concerted. L. Addison. 
COLLUS1VELY, k&l-lu'-siv-le. ad. In a mannei 

fraudulently concerted. Blackstone. 
COLLUSIVENESS*, k&l-UV-slv-nes. n. s. Fraudu 

lent concert. 
COLLU'SORY, k6l-Iu'-sftr-e. 557. a. Carrying on a 

fraud by secret concert. 
CO'LLY $, kdlMe. n. s. The smut of coal. Burton. 
To CO'LLY, k&lMe. v. a. To grime with coal. Shak 

speare. 
COLL Y'RIUM, k6l-lf r'-re-fim. 1 13. n. s. [koXMpiov.} 

A topical remedy for the eyes. 
COLMAR, k6l'-mar. n.s. [Fr.] A sort of pear. 
CO'LOCYNTH*, ko\'-6-shth. n. s.[colocynthis, Lat.] 

Coloquintida ; bitter apple. Bp. Taylor. 
CO'LON, k6'-16n. n. s. [k&\ov.] A point [:] used to 

mark a pause greater than that of a comma, and 

less than that of a period. The greatest and widest 

of all the intestines. Quincy. 
COLONELS, kiV-nel. n. s. [coronet, Span.] The 

chief commander of a regiment. Spenser, 
fcj™ This word is among those gross irregularities which 

must be given up as incorrigible. W. 
CO'LONELSHIP, kur'-nel-shlp. n.s. The office or 

character of colonel. Sivift. 
COLO'NIAL*, k6-l6'-ne-al. a. Relating to a colony. 

Burke. 
COLONICAL*, k6-16n'-e-kal. a. [colonus, Lat.] Re- 
lating to husbandmen. Spelman. 
CO'LONIST*, kol'-o-nlst. n. s. One departed from 

the mother country to inhabit some distant place. 

A. Smith. 
To COLONIZE, k&i'-o-nlze. v. a. To plant with in- 
habitants. Bacon. 
COLONIZATION*, k&l-6-n£-za'-shon. n. s. Plant- 
ing with inhabitants, or forming colonies. Burke. 
COLONIZING*, koF-6-nUfng. n.s. The same as 

colonization. Robertson. 
COLONNA'DE, kol-16-nade'. [See To Collect.] 

n.s. [colonna, Ital.] Any range of insulated columns. 

Pope. 
CO'LONY$,#6l'-6-ne. n.s. [colonia, Lat.] A body 

of people drawn from the mother country to inhab- 
it some distant place. Spenser. The country plant 

ed. Dryden. 
COLOPHON* k6l'-6-f6n. n. s. [Lat.] The conclu 

sion of a book, formerly containing the place, or 

the year, or both, of its publication. Warton. 
COLOPHONY, ko-l6f-6-ne. it. s. [Colophon, a city 

whence it came.] Rosin. Boyle. 
COLOQUI'NTIDA, k6l-l6-kw]n'-te-dl n. *. The 

fruit of the bitter apple. Chambers. 
CO'LORATE, k6l'-6-rate. 91. a. [coloratus, Lat.] 

Coloured ; dyed. Ray. 
COLORATION, k6l-6-ri'-shfin. n.s. Colouring. 

Bacon. The state of being coloured. Bacon. 
COLORI'FICK, kol-16-rif -Ik. a. That has the power 

of producing dyes, or tints. Newton. 
COLOSSE$, ko-l&s'. )n. s. [colossus, Lat.] A 

COLO'SSUS$,k6-l6s'-sfis. \ statue of enormous 

magnitude. Sir T. Herbert. 
COLOSSAL*, kb-los'-sal. a. Gigantick ; hkeaco 

lossus. Dr. Warton. 
COLOSSE'AN, kol-l&s-se'-an. [See European.] a. 
Giantlike. Harris. 

207 



COM 



COM 



U 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat }— me, met 5— pine, pfn 3— 



COLO'SSIANS*, ko-l6sh'-e-anz. n. *. Christians of 
Colosse, a city of Phrygia in Asia Minor. Ham- 
mond. 
COLO'SSICK*, ko-l&s'-sik. a. Large, like a colos- 
sus. Cliawnan. 
COLOSSUS-WISE* k&-l6s / -sus-wlze. ad. In the 
manner of a colossus. Sluxkspeare. 

COLOUR S, kdlM&r. 165,314. n.s. [color, Lat.] The 
appearance of bodies to the eye only. Watts. The 
freshness, or appearance of blood in the face. Di-y- 
den. The tint of the painter. Pope. The repre- 
sentation of any thing 1 superficially examined. Swift. 
Concealment ; palliation. Shakspeare. Pretence } 
false. show. Sluxkspeare. Kind ; species ; character. 
Shakspeare. In the plural, a standard ; an ensign 
of war. Shakspeare. 
To COLOUR, kul'-lfir. v. a. To mark with some 
hue. Newton. To palliate} to excuse. Raleigh. 
To make plausible. Addison. — To colour a 
stranger's goods, is when a freeman allows a for- 
eigner to enter goods at the custom-house in his 
name j so that the foreigner pays but single duty, 
when he ought to pay double. Phillips. 

To COLOUR, kulMfir. v.n. To blush. 

COLOURABLE, kuF-lur-a-bl. 405. a. Specious} 
plausible. Spenser. 

COLOURABLENESS*, kul'-lur-a-bl-nes. n. s. That 
which is made plausible. Fulke. 

COLOURABLY^ulMur-a-ble.orf. Speciously. Ba- 
con. 

COLOURED, kulMurd. 359. part. a. Streaked. Ba- 
con. 

COLOURING, kulMur-lng. 410. n. s. The part of 
the painter's art that teaches to lay on his colours 
with propriety and beauty. Bp. Taylor. Pope. 

COLOURIST, kuF-lur-ist. n. s. A painter who ex- 
cels in giving the proper colours. Dryden. 

COLOURLESS, kuF-lur-les. a. Without colour} 
transparent. Newton. 

COLSTAFF*, kol'-staf. n. s. A large staff, on which 
a burthen is carried between two on their shoulders. 
Burton. 

COLT§, kolt n.s. [colfc, Sax.] A young horse. Ba- 
con. A young, foolish fellow. Sliakspeare. 

To COLT, kolt. v. n. To frisk ; to frolick. Spenser. 

To COLT, kolt. v. a. To befool. Shakspeare. 

COLTS-FOOT, k6lts-fut. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

COLTS-TOOTH, kolts-t66tfi'. n. s. An imperfect 
tooth in young horses. A love of youthful pleasure. 
Shakspeare. 

COLTER, k6F-tur. n. s. [miter, Lat.] The sharp 
iron of a plough that cuts perpendicularly to the 
share. 

COLTISH, kolt'-ish. a. Wanton. Chaucer. 

COLUBRINE,koF-u-br5n. 148. a. [colubrinus, Lat.] 
Relating to a serpent. Cunning ; crafty. 

COLUMBARY, ko-hW-ba-re. n. s. [columbarium, 
Lat.] A dovecot} a pigeon-house. Brown. 

COLUMBINE, k&F-um-blne. 148. Ms. [Lat.] A 
plant. Miller. 

COLUMBINE*, k6F-um-blne. n.s. A kind of violet 
colour. 

COLOMBO Root*, k6-lum / -b6-rS6t. A root brought 
from Columbo, and used in medicines. Chambers. 

COLUMNS, k&F-lum. 411. n.s. [columna, Lat.] A 
round pillar. Wotton. Any body of certain dimen- 
sion's pressing vertically upon its base. Bentley. 
The long file of troops of an army in its march. 
Half a page, when divided into two equal parts by 
a line passing through the middle, as in this book. 

COLOMNAR, ki-lfim'-nar. ) a. Formed 

COLUMNARIAN, kol-um-na'-re-an. $ in columns. 
Woodward. 

COLU'RES, ko-lurz'. n. s. [coluri, Lat.] Two great 
circles supposed to intersect each other at right 
angles in the poles of the world. Harris. 

COMAS, k6 / -ma. 91. n. s. [KWfia.] A morbid dispo- 
sition to sleep. 

CO'MART, k6'-mart n. s. [con and mart, or market.] 
Treaty} article. Shakspeare. 

COMATE, k6-mate'. n. s. Companion. Shak- 
speare 



CO'MATE*, k6'-mate. a. [comatus, Lat.] Hairy in 
appearance. Fairfax. 

COMATOSE, kom-a-tose 7 . a. Lethargick. Grew. 

COMB $, in the end, and COMP in the beginning of 
names, seem to be derived from the British cwm, 
which signifies a low situation. Gibson. 

COMB, in Cornish, signifies a valley. 

COMB*, n. s. [comb, Sax.] A valley surrounded 
with hills. Browne. 

COMBS, k6me. 347. n. s. [camb, Sax.] An instru- 
ment to separate and adjust the hair. Milton. The 
top or crest of a cock, from its indentures. Bacon. 
The cavities in which the bees lodge their honey. 
Dryden. A dry measure, four bushels. 

To COMB, kome. v. a. To divide and adjust the 
hair. Shakspeare. To lay any thing smooth, by 
drawing through narrow interstices} as, to comb 
wool. 

COMB-BRUSH, k6me'-brush. n.s. A brush to clean 
combs. 

COMB-MAKER, kome'-ma-kfir. n. s. One who 
makes combs. Mortimer. 

To COMBAT S, kum'-bat. 165. v. n. To fight. Shak. 
To act in opposition. Milton. 

To CO'MBAT, kum'-bat. [See To Collect.] v. a. 
To oppose } to fight. Granville. 

CO MEAT, kum'-bat. 18. n. s. [combat, old Fr.] 
Contest} battle. Sidney. 

COMBATANT, kum'-ba-tant. n. s. He that fights 
with another. Milton. A champion. Locke. 

COMBATANT*, kum'-ba-tant. a. Disposed to quar- 
rel. B. Jonson. 

CO'MBATER*, kum'-ba-tur. n. s. He who fights. 
Sherwood. 

CO'MBER, k6 / -mur. n. s. He whose trade is to comb 
wool. 

CO'MBER*. n. s. A species of fish in Cornwall 
Ray. 

CO'MBER*. n.s. [komber, Dutch.] Burdensomeness 
trouble. Sir H. Warton. See Cumber. 

COMBI'NABLE*, kom-bi'-na-bl. a. Capable of be 
ing united with. Lord Chesterfield. 

COMBINATE, k6m / -be-nate. 91. a. Betrothed 
promised. Shakspeare. 

COMBINATION, k6m-be-na / -shfin. n. s. Union 
association. Sliakspeare. Union of bodies, or quali- 
ties. Hooker. Copulation of ideas in the mind. 
Locke. [In mathematicks.] The variation or altera- 
tion of any number of quantities, letters, sounds, or 
the like, in all different manners. Cliambers. 

To COMBPNE S, k6m-blhe / . v. a. [combiner, Fr.] To 
join together. Milton. To link in union. Shak. To 
agree ; to settle by compact. Shakspeare. 

To COMBFNE, k&m-blne'. v. n. To coalesce. Shak. 
To unite in friendship or design. Dryden. 

CO'MBING*, k6 / -mfng. n. s. Borrowed hair combed 
over the baldness of the head. Bp. Taylor. 

CO'MBLESS, kim'-les. a. Wanting a comb or crest. 
Shakspeare. 

COMBUSTS, kom-bfisf. [See To Collect.] «. 
[comburo, combustum, Lat.] A planet, not above 
eight degrees and a half distant from the sun, is 
said to be combust. Harris. 

COMBUSTIBILITY*, kom-b&s-te-bn'-e-te. n. s 
The quality of catching fire. 

COMBUSTIBLE, k&m-bus'-te-bl. a. Susceptible of 
fire. Brown. 

COMBUSTIBLE*, k6m-bus'-te-bl. n. s. A combus- 
tible material. Sir T. Herbert. 

COMBU'STIBLENESS, k&m-busMe-bl-nes. n. s. 
Aptness to take *ire. 

COMBUSTION, k6m-bus'-tshun. 291. n. s. [Fr.] 
Conflagration ; burning. Tumult ; hurry. Hooker. 

To COME S, kfim. v. n. pret. came, particip. come. 
[coman, Sax.] To remove from a distant to a near- 
er place. Spenser. To draw near ; to advance to- 
wards. Shakspeare. To move in any manner to- 
wards another. Sluxkspeare. To proceed j to issue. 
2 Samuel. To advance from one stage or condi- 
tion to another. Sliakspeare. To be brought to 
some condition either for better or worse. Bacon. 
To attain anv condition. B. Jonson. To become. 
208 



COM 



COM 



-116, move, n6r, ndt; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — p6find; — tli'm, THis. 



Shakspeare. To arrive at some act or habit. Locke. 
To change from one state into another desired. 
Bacon. To become present, and no longer future. 
Dryden. To become present ; no longer absent. 
Dryden. To happen ; to fall out. •Shakspeare. To 
befall as an event. Job. To follow as a consequence. 
Shakspeare. To cease very lately from some act 
or stale. 2 Samuel. — To come about. To come to 
pass. Shakspeare. To change ; to come round, j 
Bacon. To come again. To return. Judges. To 
come after. To follow. St. Matthew. To come at. 
To reach; to obtain. Addison. To come by. To 
obtain ; to gain. Hooker. To come in. To enter. 
Sltakspeare. To comply ; to yield. Spenser. To 
arrive at a port. Bacon. To become modish. Ros- 
comnum. To be an ingredient. Atterbury. To 
accrue from an estate, or otherwise, as gain". Suck- 
ling. To be gained in abundance. Shakspeare. 
To come in for. To be early enough to obtain. 
Temple. To come in to. To join with. Bacon. 
To comply with. Atterbury. To come near. To 
approach ; to resemble in excellence. B. Jonson. 
To come of. To proceed . as a descendant from 
ancesiors. Dryden. To proceed : as effects from 
their causes. S'lakspeare. To come off. To devi- 
ate ; to depart from a rule or direction. Bacon. To 
escape. Milton. To end an affair. Shaksyieare. 
To come ojffrom. To leave ; to forbear. Felton. 
To come o~n. To advance ; to make progress. Bo.- j 
con. To advance to combat. Knol/es. To thrive; 
to grow big - . Shakspeaie. To come over. To re- 
volt. Addison. To rise in distillation. Boyle. To 
com" out. To be made publick. Stilling fleet. To 
be discovered. Stillingfleet. To come out ivith. To 
give a vent to. BoyleT To come round. To change ; 
as, the wind came round. To come short. To fail ; 
to be deficient. Milton. To cane to. To consent 
or yield. Swift. To amount to. Knolles. To come 
to himself. To recover his senses. Temple. To 
come to pass. To be effected ; to fall out. Hooker. 
To come up. To make appearance. Bacon. To 
come into use ; as, a fashion comes np. To come up 
to. To amount to. Woodward. To rise ; to ad- 
vance. Shakspeare. To come up with. To over- 
take. To come upon. To invade. Bacon. To 
com". In futurity. Bacon. 

COME, kum. A particle of exhortation : be quick; I 
make no delay. Genesis. 

CO. ME your Ways*. Come along, or come hither. 
Sltakspeare. 

COME, kum. A particle of reconciliation, or incite- 
ment to it. Pope. 

COME, kflm. A kind of adverbial word for when it 
shall come ; as, come Wednesday , when Wednes- 
day shall come. Gay. 

COME, kum. n. s. A sprout ; a cant term. Mortimer. 

COME'DIAN, ko-me'-de-an. 293, 376. n. s. A player 
of comick parts. A player in general. Camden. 
A writer of comedies. PeacJiam. 

CO'MEDY$, kom'-me-de. n.s. [comoedia, Lat.] A 
dramatick representation of the lighter faults of 
mankind. Shakspeare. 

COMELILY*, kum'-le-le. ad. In a graceful or de- 
cent manner. Sherwood. 

CO'MELINESS, kiW-le-nes. n. s. Grace ; beauty; 
dignity. Sidney. 

CO'MELY§, kiim'-le. 165. a. [from become.] Grace- 
ful ; decent. Bacon. Decent; according to pro- 
priety*. Sluikspeare. 

CO'MELY, knm'-Ie. 165. ad. Handsomely; grace- 
fully. Ascham. Decently; with propriety. Homi- 
ly of Prayer. See Comelily. 

CO'MEIt. kiW-m&r. 93. n. s. One that comes. Shak. 

COMESSA'TION*, kom-es-sa'-shan. n.s. [comes- 
satio, Lat.] Revellins:. Bp. Hall. 

OOME'STIBLE*, k6-meV-te-bl. a. [comestible, Fr.] 
Eatable. Wotlon. 

CO'MET§, komMt. 99. n.s. [>p'r«.J A heavenly I 
body in the planetary region appearing suddenly, j 
and again disappearing; and, during the time of ! 
Its appearance, moving through its proper orbit, j 
like a planet. Comets, popularly called blazing! 



stars, are distinguished from other stars by a long 
train or tail of light, always opposite to the sun. Shak. 

COMET-LIKE*, k(W-et-like. a. Resembling a 
comet. Shakspeare. 

COME'T*, ko-meV.r.'. s. A game at cards. Southernr. 

CO'METARY, kdm'-me-tar-e. 512. )a. Relating 

COME'TICK, k6-metMk. 509. 5 to a comet. 

Cheync. 

COMETO GRAPHY*, kom-gt-fig'-ra-fe. n. s. A de- 
scription or treatise of comets. 

COMFITS, kum'-fit. 165. n.s. [from confect.] A 
dry sweetmeat. Hudihras. 

To CO'MFIT, k&m'-fft. v. a. To preserve dry with 
sugar. Cowley. 

CONFITURE, kam'-fe-tshure. 461. n.s. Sweet 
meat. Donne. 

To CO'MFORT-5, kum'-iurt. 165. v. a. [comforio, 
low Lat.] To strengthen; to enliven; to invigorate. 
Hooker. To console. Job. 

CO'MFORT. kum'-furt. 93. [See To Collect 
n. s. Support ; countenance. Bacon. Consolation. 
B. Jonson. That which gives consolation. Shak. 

CO'MFORTABLE, kiW-fur-ta-bl. a. Receiving- 
comfort; susceptible of. comfort; cheerful. Shak. 
Admitting comfort. South. Dispensing comfort 
Bacon. 

COMFORTABLENESS*, kum'-tur-ta-bl-nes. n. s. 
A state of comfort. Sidney. 

COMFORTABLY, kum'-f ur-ta-ble. ad. In a com- 
fortable manner; with cheerfulness. IsaiaJi. 

CO'MFORTER, kum'-fur-tur. n.s. One that ad- 
ministers consolation. Hooker. The title of the 
third person of the Holy Trinity. St. John. 

CO'MFORTFUL*, kum'-furt-lul. a. Full of com 
fort. Ob. T. 

CO'MFORTLESS, kum'-f&rt-les. a. Wanting com 
fort. Sidney. 

CO'MFORTRESS* kfim'-f flrt-res. n. s. She who 
administers consolation. B. Jonson. 

CO'MFREY, kum'-fre. n. s. [comfrie, Fr.] A plant. 
Miller. 

CO'MICAL, kom'-me-kal. a. [comicus, Lat.] Raising 
mirth ; merry. Dryden. Relating to comedy. 
Hayward. . 

CO'MICALLY, kom'-me-kal-le. ad. In such a man- 
ner as raises mirth. Burton. In a manner befitting 
comedy. Burton. 

COMICALNESS, kom'-me-kal-ne's. n. s. The quali- 
ty of being comical. 

CO'MICK £ ktmV-m'fk. a. Relating to comedy. Wal- 
ler. Raising mirth. Shakspeare. 

CO'MING, kfim'-mmg. 410. n. s. The act of coming ; 
approach. Milton. Stale of being come; arrival. 
Shakspeare. 

COMING-IN, kum-mlng-m'. n. s. Revenue ; income. 
Shak. Submission; act of yielding. Massiugcr. 
Introduction. 2 Mace. 

CO'MING, kum'-mmg. part. a. [from come!] Fond ; 
forward. Shak. Future; to come. Roscommon. 

To COMI'NGLE. See To Commingle. 

COMFTIAL, ko-m?sh / -al. a. [comitia, Lat. an assem- 
bly of the Romans.] Relating to the assemblies of 
the Romans. Middteton. Relating to an order of 
Presbvterian assemblies. Bp. Bancroft. 

CO'MlTY, k6m / -e-te. n. s. [comitas, Lat.] Courtesy ; 
civility. 

CO'MMA, kom'-ma. 92. ?i. s. _ [/t^a-] The point 
which notes the distinction of clauses, and order of 
construction in the sentence, marked thus [,]. 
Pope. A term used in theorical musick, to show 
the exact proportions between concords. Hams. 
Distinction, in a general sense. L. Addison. 

To COMMA'ND §, kom-mand'. 79. 7-. a. [mando, Lat.] 
To govern; to give orders to. Shak. To order; 
to direct to be done. Shak. To have in power. 
Gay. To overlook. Shak. To lead as a general. 
Shakspeare. 

To COMMA'ND, kom-mand'. v. »; To have the su- 
preme authority. South. 
COMMA'ND, kom-mand'. [See To Collect.] n.s. 
The right of commanding; power. Sliak. Cogent 
authority ; despotism. Locke. The act of com- 
209 



COM 



COM 



[CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



manding; the order given. Dryden. The power 
of overlooking. Dryden. 
ftS" The propensity of the unaccented o to fall into the 
sound of short u is nowhere more perceptible than 
in the first syllables of words beginning with col, com, 
con, or cor, when the accent is on the second syllable. 
Thus the o in to collect and college ; in commend and 
comment ; in connect and consul ; in correct and cor- 
ner, cannot be considered as exactly the same in all : 
the o in the first word of each of these pairs, has cer- 
tainly a different sound from the same letter in the 
second ; and if we appreciate this sound, we shall find 
it coincide with that which is the most nearly related to 
it, namely, the short u. I have not, however, ventured to 
substitute this u : not that I think it incompatible with 
the most correct and solemn pronunciation, but because, 
where there is a possibility of reducing letters to their 
radical sound, without hurting the ear, this radical 
sound ought to be the model, and the greater or less 
departure from it left to the solemnity or familiari- 
ty of the occasion. To foreigners, however, it may not 
be improper to remark, that it would be always better 
for them to adopt the u instead of o .- this will secure 
them from the smallest impropriety, for natives only 
can seize such nice distinctions as sometimes divide 
even judges themselves. Mr. Sheridan was certainly 
of opinion, that this unaccented o might be pronounced 
like u, as he has so marked it in command, commence, 
commission, and commend, though not in commender ; 
and in compare, though not in comparative .- but in al- 
most every other word, where this o occurs, he has given 
it the sound it. has in constant. Mr. Scott has exactly 
followed Mr. Sheridan in these words, and Dr. Kenrick 
has uniformly marked them all with the short sound of 
o. Why Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott should make any 
difference in the first syllables of these words, where 
the letters and accents are exactly the same, I cannot 
conceive : these syllables may be called a species ; and, 
if the occasion were not too trifling for such a compari- 
son, it might be observed, that, as nature varies in indi- 
viduals, but is uniform in the species, so custom is 
sometimes various in accented syllables, which are 
definitely and strongly marked, but commonly more 
regular in unaccented syllables, by being left, as it were, 
to the common operation of the organs of pronunciation. 
— See the words Collect and Domestic k. W. 

COMMANDANT*, k&m-man-dant'. n. s. [Fr.] A 
chief commanding a place or a body of troops. 
Smollett. ■ V 

COMMANDATORY*, k6m-mand'-a-t&r-re. a. 
Having the full force of command. 

COMxMA'NDER, kSm-mln'-dfir. n.s. He that has 
the supreme authority. Shak. A paving beetle, 
or great wooden mallet. Moxon. An instrument 
of surgerv. Wiseman. 

COMMANDERY, kom-man'-dur-re. n.s. A body 
of the knights of Malta, belonging to the same na- 
tion. The residence of a body of knights. Drum- 
mond. 

COMMANDINGLY*, kSm-mand'-ing-le. ad. In a 
commanding manner. Hammond. 

COMMANDMENT, kom-mand'-ment. n. s. Men- 
date; command. Hooker. Authority; coactiv? 
power. Shak. By way of eminence, the precepts 
of the decalogue given by God to Moses. Exodus. | 

COMMANDRESS, kom-man'-dres. n. s. A woman 
vested with supreme authority. Hooker. 

CO'MMARK*, k&nV-mark. n. s. [comarqrje, Fr.] A I 
frontier of a countrv. Shelton. 

COMMATE'RIAL, k6m-ma-te'-re-al. a. Consisting 
of the same matter. Bacon. 

COMMATERIA'LITY, kom-ma-te-re-al'-e-te. n. s. I 
Participation of the same matter. 

CO'MMATISM* kom'-ma-tlzm. n. s. [from comma.-] 
Conciseness; briefness. Bp. HorsleTj. 

COMMENSURABLE*, k&m-mezh'-u-ra-bl 
ducible to the same measure. Walton. 

CO'MMELINE, kom'-me-line. 148. n, s. [commelina 
La!.] A plant. Miller. 

COMME'MORABLE, k6m-mem'-m6-ra-bl. a. 
Worthy to be kept in remembrance. 

ToCOMME'MORATEy, k6m-mem'-m6-rate. 91. 
v. a. [con and memoro, Lat.] To preserve the 
memory by some publick act. Fiddes. 

COMMEMORA'TION, k&m-mem-mc-ra'-shun. n. s. 
An act of publick celebration. Bp. Taylor 

COMMEMORATIVE kom-mem'-m6-ra-t3v. 157. a. 



a. Re- 



Tending to preserve memory of any thing. After 
bury. 

COMME'MORATORY*, k6m-mem'-m6-ra-tur-re. 
a. Preserving the memory of. Hooper. 

To COMMENCES, k6m-mense'. [See To Col- 
lect.] v. n. [commencer, Fr.] To begin. Shak. To 
take a new character. Pope. To take an academi- 
cal degree, at Cambridge. Beaumont and Fletcher 

To COMMENCE, kom-mense'. v. a. To begin ; as, 
to commence a suit. Shakspeare. 

COMMENCEMENT, k&m-mense'-ment. n. s. Be- 

J inning; date. Woodward. The first Tuesday in 
uly at Cambridge, when masters of arts, and doc- 
tors, complete their degrees. Worthington. 
To COMMEND y, kom-mend'. v. a. [commando, Lat.] 
To represent as worthy. Knolles. To deliver up 
with confidence. Shak. To praise. Shak. To 
mention by way of keeping in memory. Sliak. To 
produce to favourable notice. Dryden. 

COMMEND, kom-mgnd'. n. s. Commendation. 
Shakspeare. 

COMMENDABLE, kom'-men-da-bl, or kom-meV- 
da-bl. a. Laudable; worthy of praise. 

55 s " This word, like acceptable, has, since Johnson wrote 
his dictionary, shifted its accent from the second to the 
first syllable. The sound of the language certainly 
suffers by these transitions of accent. However, when 
custom has once decided, we may complain, but must 
still acquiesce. The accent on the second syllable of 
this word is grown vulgar, and there needs no other 
reason for banishing it from polite pronunciation. W. 

COMMENDABLENESS*. k6m'-men-da-bl-nes, or 
kom-mend'-a-bl-nes. n.s. State of being commen- 
dable. 

COMMENDABLY, kom'-men-da-ble. ad. Lauda- 
bly. Carew. 

COMME 1 NDAM, kom-meV-dam. n. s. [commenaa, 
low Lat.] A benefice, which, being void, is com- 
mended to the charge and care of some sufficient 
clerk to be supplied until it be conveniently provided 
of a pastor. Cowel. Clarendon. 

COMMENDATARY, kom-men'-da-ta-re. 512. n. s. 
One who holds a living in commendam. 

COMMENDATION, k6m-men-da'-shun. [See To 
Collect.] n. s. Recommendation. Sheik. Praise. 
Sidney. Ground of praise. Dryden. Message of 
love. Shakspeare. 

COMMENDATORY, k&m-men'-da-t&r. n.s. He 
who holds a benefice in commendam ; usually with 
a bishoprick. Burnet. 

COMMENDATORY, k^m-men'-da-tur-re. 512. a. 
Favourably representative. Bacon. Delivering up 
with pious hope. Burnet. Holding in commendam. 
Burke. . 

COMMENDATORY*, k6m-men / -da-tur-re. n.s. A 
commendation ; eulogy. South. 

COMMENDER, kom-men'-dfir. n. s. Praiser. Bac. 

COMMENSAL §*, k&m-men'-sal.. n.s. [commensa- 
lis, Lat.] One that eats at the same table. Cliau- 
cer. Ob. T. 

COMMENSA'LITY, k6m-men-sal'-e-te. n.s. Fel- 
lowship of table. Brown. 

COMMENSA'TION*, kom-men-sa'-shun. n. s. Eat- 
; ng at the same table. Sir T. Broun. 

CCMMENSURABPLITY, k6m-men-shu-ra-bil'-e- 
te. n. s. Capacity of being compared with another, 
as to the measure ; or of being measured by anoth- 
er. Brown. 

COMMENSURABLE, k&m-men'-shu-ra-bl. 452. a. 
Reducible to some common measure ; as a yard 
and a foot are measured by an inch. Pearson. 

COMMENSURABLENESS, k6m-men / -shu-ra-bl- 
nls. n. s. Proportion. Hale. 

To COMMENSURATE §, k&m-meV-shu-rate. 91. 
v. a. [con and mensura, Lat.] To reduce to some 
common measure. 

COMMENSURATE, kom-men'-sbu-rate. 91. a. Re- 
ducible to some common measure. Government of 
the Tongue. Equal. Smith. 

COMMENSURATELY, kSm-men'-shu-rale-le. ad. 
With the capacity of measuring. Holder. 

COMMENSURA'TION, kom-men-shu-ra'-shun. 
n. s. Pro ortion. 

210 



COM 



COM 



-n6, mdve, ndr, not;- -tube, tub, bfill ;— 6?1 ;— pound ;— </iin, THis. 



To COMMENT $, k6m'-m4nt. w. n. [cowwienfor, Lat.] 
To annotate ; to write notes upon an author 5 to ex- 
pound; to explain. Temple. To make remarks. Shalt, 

To COMMENT*, kftm'-ment v.a. To explain. 
Fuller. To devise ; to feign. Spenser. 

COMMENT, k&m'-ment. 498. n.s. Annotations; 
notes; explanation; exposition; remarks. Hartlib. 
Remarks; observation. Shakspeare. 

COMMENTARY, kom'-men-ta-re. n.s. An exposi- 
tion ; book of annotations or remarks. Narrative 
in familiar manner. Sir T. Elyot. 

To COMMENTATE*, k&m'-men-fite. v.n. To 
annotate. To write notes upon. Pursuits of Lite- 
rature. 

COMMENTATOR, k&m-men-ta/-t&r. 521. n.s. Ex- 
positor; annotator. Dryden. 

COMxMENTER, k&m-meV-t&r. n. s. One thai writes 
comments. B. Jonson. 

COMMENTFTIOUS, k6m-men-trsh / -6s. a. [com- 
mentitius, Lat.] Fictitious; imaginary. Milton. 

COMMERCE §, kdm'-merse. n. s. [commercium, 
Lat.] Intercourse ; exchange of one thing for anoth- 
er ; trade ; traffick. Hooker. Common or familiar 
intercourse. Addison. A game at cards. 

To COMMERCE, kom-merse'. v. n. To traffick. 
Raleigh. To hold intercourse with. Habington. 

§£T Milton has, by the license of his art, accented this 
verb according to the analogy of dissyllable nouns and 
verbs of the same form, 492 : 
" And looks commercing with the skies, 
" Thy wrapt soul sitting in thy eyes." — Penseroso. 
But this verb, like to comment, would, in prose, re- 
quire the accent on the first syllable, as in the noun : 
though Akenside has taken the same liberty with this 
word as Milton had done with that: 

" the sober zeal 

" Of age commenting on prodigious things." 

Pleasures of Imagination. W. 

COMMERCIAL, k&m-meV-shal. a. Relating to 
commerce or traffick. Robertson. 

COMMERCIALLY*, k&m-meV-shal-le. ad. In a 
commercial view. Burke. 

To CO'MMIGRATE §, kom'-me-grate. v.n. [con 
and migro, Lat.] To remove in a body from one 
country to another. 

COMMIGRATION, k6m-me-gra/-shun. n. s. A re- 
moval of a body of people from one country to 
another. Woodward. 

COMMINA'TION*, k&m-me-na'-shun. n.s. [commi- 
natio, Lat.] A threat ; a denunciation of punish- 
ment. Decay of Piety. The recital of God's threat- 
enings on stated days. Wlieatley. 

COMMFNATORY, kom-mk'-na-tfir-re. 512. a. De- 
nunciatory ; threatening. B. Jonson. 

To COMMFNGLE §, kom-mlng'-gl. v. a. [commisceo, 
Lat.] To mix into one mass ; to blend. Shakspeare. 

To COMMFNGLE, kom-mmg'-gl. v.n. To unite 
one with another. Bacon. 

To COMMFNUATE§*, k&m-mm'-u-ate. v. a. To 
Grind. Smith. 

COMMINU'IBLE, kom-nuV-u-e-bl. a. Frangible; 
reducible to powder. Brown.. 

To CO'MMINUTE §, k&m-me-nute'. r. a. [comminuo, 
Lat.] To grind ; to pulverize. Bacon. 

COMMINUTION, kom-me-nu'-shon. n.s. Grinding; 
pulverization. Ray. Attenuation. Bacon. 

COMMISERABLE, kom-nuV-er-a-bl. a. Worthy 
of compassion ; pitiable. Bacon. 

To COMMISERATES, k6m-nuV-er-ate. 91. v. a, 
[can and misereor, Lat.] To pity. Dmham. 

COMMISERATION , k&m-miz-er-a'-shun. n.s. Pity; 
compassion. Hooker. 

COMMISERATIVE* k&m-mlz'-er-a-tiv. a. Com- 
passionate. 

COMMISERATIVELY*, k&m-nuV-er-a-tfv-le. ad. 
Out of compassion. Overbvry. 

COMMFSERATOR*, kom-imV-er-a-tur. n. s. He 
who has compassion. Brown. 

COMMISSA'RIA T*, k6m-m?s-sa.'-re-at. n. s. [Fr/J 
Those attending an army, who are commissioned 
to regulate the procuration and conveyance of am- 
munition or provision. 



COMMISSARISHIP, k&m'-mls-s&r-i-shlp. n.s 
The office of a commissary. Ayliffe. 

COMMISSARY $, k6m'-m?s-sar-c. [See To Col- 
lect.] n.s. An officer made occasionally for a 
certain purpose; a delegate ; a deputy. Donne. 
One who exercises spiritual jurisdiction in places 
of the diocess distant from the chief city. Cowel. 
An officer who draws up lists of the numbers of an 
army, and regulates provision or ammunition. 
Prior. 

COMMISSIONS, k6m-m!sh'-un. n.s. [ccmimissio, 
low Lat.] The act of intrusting any thing. A 
trust; a warrant. Cowel. A warrant by which 
a military officer is constituted. Knolles. Charge ; 
mandate; office; employment. Bacon. Act of 
committing a crime; perpetration. Sovtlu A num- 
ber of people joined in a trust or office ; as, the 
great seal was put into commission. The order by 
which a factor trades for another person. 

To COMMISSION, k&m-uuW-um v.a. To empow- 
er; to appoint. To send with mandate or authori- 
tv. Dryden. 

CO'MMFSSIONAL* k&m-mish'-fin-al. ) 

COMMFSSIONARY*, kom-mlsh'-fin-a-re. } a ' 
Appointing by a warrant. Le Neve. Bp. Hall. 

To COMM1 SSIONATE, k&m-mish'-un-ate. v. a. 
To commission. Whitby. 

COMMISSIONER, kom-mlsh'-rtn-fir. 98. n. s. One 
included in a warrant of authority. Sidney. 

COMMISSURE, kom-mlsh'-ure. Vs. [commissnra, 
Lat.l Joint ; a place where one part is joined to 
another. Wotton. 

To COMMIT $, kom-nuV. [See ^Collect.] v.a. 
[committo, Lat.] To intrust. Shak. To be put in any 
place to be kept safe. 2 Mace. To send to prison. 
Shak. To perpetrate; to be guilty of a crime. 
Shak. To put together for a contest. More. To 
place in a stale of hostility or incongruitv. Milton. 

COMMFTMENT, kom-mlt'-ment. n. s. "imprison- 
ment. Bacon. An order for sending to prison. A 
parliamentary expression, when a bdl is referred to 
a committee. Milton. 

COMMFTTEE, kom-mit'-te. n. s. Those to whom 
the consideration or ordering of any matter is re- 
ferred. Clarendon. The person to whom the care 
of an idiot or lunatick is committed. B/ackslone. 

§£?* This word is often pronounced, improperly, with the 
accent on the first or last syllable. W. 

COMMITTEESHIP*, k6m-nuV-le-sh?p. n. *. The 
office and profit of committees. Milton. 

COMMITTER, kom-imV-tur. 7*. 5. Perpetrator; 
he that commits. Martin. 

COMMFTTIBLE, kom-mn'-te-bl. a. Liable to be 
committed. Brown. 

To COMMFX$, kom-miks'. r. a. [commisceo, Lat.] 
To mingle ; to blend. Bacon. 

To COMMFX*, kom-mlks'. v.n. To unite. Drayton. 

COMMFXION, kom-mlk'-shun. n.s. Mixture. Shak. 

COMMFXTION, kom-miks'-tshfin. n. s. Mixture 5 
incorporation. Brown. 

COMMFXTURE, kom-mlks'-lshure. 291. n. s. The 
act of mingling; the state of being mingled. Bacon. 
Composition ; compound. Shakspeare. 

COMMODE, kom-mode'. n.s. [Fr.] The head- 
dress of women. Spectator. 

COMMODIOUS $, kom-nwV-de-us, or k6m-m6 / -je- 
us. 293, 294, 376. a. [commodus, Lat.] Conve- 
nient ; suitable. Raleigh. Useful ; suited to wants 
or necessities. Hooker. 

C031MO'DIOUSLY, kom-mo'-de-us-le. ad. Con- 
veniently. Cowley. Without distress. Milton. Suit- 
ably. Hooker. 

COMMO'DIOUSNESS, kom-mo'-de-fis-nes. n.s. 
Convenience; advantage. 

COMMODITY, kom-mod'-e-te. n. s. Interest; ad- 
vantage; profit. Hooker. Convenience; particu- 
lar advantage. Sidney. Wares; merchandise. 
Shakspeare. 

COMMODORE, k6m-m6-d6re'. n. s. [comendador, 
Span.] The captain who commands a squadron of 
ships ; a temporary admiral. A select ship in a 



COM 



COM 



[ET 559.- Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, pin j— 



I' 



fleet of merchantmen, "which leads the van in the 
time of war. 
OH?" This is one of those words which may have the ac- 
cent either on the first or last syllable, according to its 
position in the sentence. Thus we say, " The voy- 
" age was made by Co'mmodore Anson; for, though he 
"was made an admiral afterwards, he went out as 
" commodo're." 524, 528. W. 
COMMODULATION*, k6m-m&d-u-la'-shftn. n. s. 
[con and modulatio, Lat.] Measure ; agreement. 
Hakewill. 
CWMMOIGNE*, k&m'-mbfa. n.s. [Fr.] A monk 
of the same order or convent. Selden. 

COMMONS k&m'-mfin. 166. a. [communis, Lat.] 
Belonging equally to more than one. Hale. Hav- 
ing no possessor or owner. Locke. Vulgar ; mean ; 
of little value; not scarce. Davies. Publick; gene- 
ral; serving the use of all. Walton. Of no rank; 
mean. Shak. Frequent; usual; ordinary. Eccles. 
Prostitute. Spectators-Such verbs as signify both 
action and passion are called common ; and such 
nouns as are both masculine and feminine. 

CO'MMON, kom'-mun. n. s. An open ground equal- 
ly used by many persons. Shakspeare. 

CO'MMON, kmn'-mun. ad. Commonly. Shakspeare. 

In CO'MMON. Equally to be participated by a 
certain number. Locke. Equally with another; 
indiscriminately. Arbuthno!. [In lav/.] A distinc- 
tion of tenancy. Blackstonc. 

To CO'MMON, kom'-mun. v. n. To have a joint 
right with others in some common ground. 

COMMON-COUNCIL-MAN*, k6m-'mun-k3iW-.s!l- 
man. ?i.s. One who communicates in council with 
others ; a member of the common-council of Lon- 
don. B. Jonson. 

COMMON-CRIER*, k&m'-mfin-krl'-fir. n. s. The 
officer by whom notice is given of things lost. B. 
Jonson. 

COMMON-HALL*, kom'-mun-hawl.T?. s. The place 
in which the inhabitants of a city assemble. Bp. 
Patrick. 

COMMON LAW, kom'-rn&n-law'. Customs which 
have, by long prescription, obtained the force of 
laws. It is distinguished from the statute law, 
which owes its authority to acts of parliament. 

COMMON-LAWYER*, kom'-mfin-law'-yfir. n. s. 
He who is versed in the common law. Spelman. 

COMMON PLEAS, kom'-mfin-pleez'. The king's 
court now held in Westminster Hall; but anciently 
movable. All civil causes are, or were formerly, 
tried in this court, according to the strict laws of 
the realm. Cowel. 

CO'MMON ABLE, k6m'-mfin-a-bl. a. What is held 
in common. Bacon. Allowable to be turned on 
the common. Blackstone. 

CO'MMONAGE, k&m'-mfin-aje. 90. n.s. The right 
of feeding on a common. Fuller. 

COMMONALITY*. See Commonalty. 

CO'MMONALTY, k&m'-mfin-al-te. n. s. The com- 
mon people ; the people of the lower rank. Baco?i. 
The bulk of mankind. Hooker. 

COMMONER, kom'-mun-ur. 98. n.s. One of the 
common people. Shak. A man not noble. JS. Jon- 
son. A member of the house of commons. Swift. 
One who has a joint right in common ground. 
Bacon. A student of the second rank at the uni- 
versity of Oxford. A prostitute. Shakspeare. A 
partaker. Fuller. 

COMMON I'TION, k6m-m6-nfsh'-un. n. s. [commo- 
nitio. Lat.] Advice ; warning. 

COMMO'NITIVE* k&m-m6n°-e-uV. a. Advising; 
warning. 

COMMONLY, k&m'-mun-le. ad. Frequently; usu- 
ally. Shakspeare. Jointly ; in a sociable manner. 
Spenser. 

CO ; MMONNESS, k&m'-mfin-nes. n. s. Equal parti- 
cipation among many. Government of the Tongue. 
Frequency. Swift. 

CO'MMONPLACE §* k&m'-mfin-plase. n. s. A 
memorandum ; an ordinary or common topick. 
Milton. 

COMMONPLACE-BOOK, kom-mun-plise'-boak. 



n. s. A book in which things to be remembered 

are ranged under general heads. Fuller. 
To COMMONPLACE, k6m-mfin-pla.se'. v. a. To 

reduce to general heads. Felton. 
CO'MMONS, k&m'-mfinz. 166. n.s. The vulgar; 

the lower people. Chaucer. The lower house of 

parliament, by which the people are represented. 

Shak. Diet which is eaten in common. Dryden. 
To COMMO'NSTRATE*, k&m-mdn'-strate. v. a. 

[commonstro, Lat.] To teach. Cockeram. 
COMMON WE' AL, kom-mfin-weel'. 523. )n.s. A 
COMMONWEALTH, k6m-mfin-wel^'. \ polity ; 

an established form of civil life. Hooker. The 

general body of the people. Shak. A republick. 

B. Jonson. 

OCT These words have the accent either on the first or 
last syllable ; but the former is accented more frequent- 
ly on the last, and the latter on the first. See Commo- 
dore, w: 

COMMONWE'ALTHSMAN*, k&m-mun-weMs'- 
man. n. s. One who sides with a republican gov- 



ernment. Johnson. 
COMMORANCE, k&m'-m6-ranse. ) 
CO'MMORANCY, kom'-mo-ran-se. \ 

tation. Sir T. Herbert. 
COMMORANT§, k&m'-m6-rant. a. 



s. Dwell- 
ing; habi- 



[commorans, 

Lat.] Resident ; dwelling. Ayliffe, 
COMMORA'TION*, kom-mo-raT-shfin. n. s. A stay 

ing, or tarrying. Cockeram. 
COMMORIENT*, k6m-m6'-re-ent. a. [commoriens, 

Lat.] Dying at the same time. Sir G. Buck. 
CO'MMOTHER*, kom'-mfixH-ur. n. s. A god- 
mother. 
COMMOTION, kdm-mo'-shfin. ?i. s. Tumult; dis- 
turbance. Shak. Perturbation ; disorder of mind. 
Shakspeare. Restlessness. Woodtcard. 
COMMO'TIONER, kom-mo'-shfin-fir. n. s. One 

that causes commotions. Bacon. 
TbCOMMO'VE, kom-mfiove'. v. a. [commoveo, 

Lat.] To disturb; to agitate. Thomson. 
ToCO'MMUNES, kom-mune'. v.n. [communico, 

Lat.] To converse ; to talk together. Spenser. 
COMMUNICABI'LITY, .kom-mfi-ne-ka-bil'-e-te. 
n.s. The quality of being communicable. Pearson. 
COMMU'NICABLE, k&m-mu'-ne-ka-bl. a. That 
which may become the possession of more than one. 
Hooker. "That which may be recounted. MiU.on. 
That which may be imparted. Milton. Communi- 
cative; not selfish. B. Jonson. 
COMMU / NICABLENESS*,k6m-mu / -ne-ka-bl-n^s. 

n. s. Being communicable. Bp. Morton. 
COMMU'NICANT,k6m-mu'-ne-kant.n.^. One who 
participates of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. 
Hooker. 
To COMMU'NICATE $, k&m-mrV-ne-kate. [See 
To Command.] v. a. [communico, Lat.] To im- 
part to others what is in our own power to bestow. 
Bacon. To reveal. Wisdom. To participate. B. 
Jonson. 
To COMMU'NICATE, k6m-mu'-ne-kate. 91. v.n. 
To partake of the blessed sacrament. Bp. Taylor. 
To have something in common with another. Ar- 
buthnot. 
COMMUNICATION, k&m-mu-ne-ka'-shun. n. s. 
The act of imparting. Holder. Common boundary 
or inlet. Addison. Interchange of knowledge. 
Swift. Conference; conversation. Locke. Parti 
cipation of the blessed sacrament. Pearson. 
COMMU'NICATIVE, k&m-mu'-ne-ka-ltv. a. Libe- 
ral of benefits or knowledge. Evelyn. 
COMMUNICATIVENESS, k&m-mfi'-ne-ka-uV- 
n£s. n. s. The quality of being communicative; or 
imparting benefits. Hammond. 
COMMU'NICATORY*, k&m-mrV-ne-ka-tfir-re. a. 

Imparting knowledge. Barrow. 
COMMU'NION, k&m-mune'-y&n. 113. n. s. Inter- 
course ; fellowship ; common possession ; inter- 
change of transactions. Hooker. The celebration 
of the Lord's supper. Clarendon. A common or 
publick act. Raleigh. Union in the common wor- 
ship of any church. South. 
212 



COM 



COM 



-n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tab, bull j-^-dil ; — pSund ;— tliin, this. 



COMMUNITY, kdm-miV-ne-te. n. s. [communitas, 
Lat.l The commonwealth j the body politick. 
Sha/c. Common possession. B. Jonson. Frequen- 
cy ; commonness. Sfutkspeare. 
COM MUTABILITY, k6m-ma-ta-bH'-e-te. n. *. The 

quality of being capable of exchange. 
COMMUTABLE, k6m-miV-ta-bl. a. That may be 

exchanged. 
COMMUTATION, kdm-mft-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Change ; 
alteration. South. Exchange. South. Ransom ; 
exchanging a corporal for a pecuniary punishment. 
Brown. 
COMMUTATIVE, kom-m&'-ta-tiv. 157. a. Rela- 
tive to exchange. Sir T. Elyot. 
COMMU TATlVELY* kdm-muMa-tiv-le. ad. In 

the way of exchange. Brown. 
To COM*MU /r rE $, k&m-mute'. [See To Collect.] 
v. a. [commiUo, Lat.] To exchange. Hammond. 
To buy off, or ransom one obligation by another, j 
L' Estrange. 
To COMMUTE, k&m-mute'. v. n. To bargain for 

exemption. South. 
OOMMUTUAL, kom-mu'-tshu-al. 461. a. Mutual. 

Shakspeare. 
COMPACT $. kom'-pakt. 492. n.s. [pactum, Lat.] 
A contract ; an agreement. Sfutkspeare. Structure ; 
compaeture. Sir G. Buck. 
To CO.MPA'CT, kom-pakt'. v. a. To join together 
with firmness. Shak. To make out of something. 
&h ik. To league with. Shak. To join together. 
Hooker. 
COMPACT, kom-pakt''. 494. a. [compactus, Lai. ] 
Firm ; solid. Newton. Composed ; consisting. 
Shak. Joined; held together. PeacJiam. Brief, 
anri well connected. Felton. 
COMPA'CTEDLY* kSm-pak'-ted-le. ad. Closely. 

Lovelace. 
C03IPACTEDNESS,k5m-pak'-ted-nCs. n.s. Firm- 
ness ; density. Digby. 
COMPATIBLE*, k&m-pak'-te-bl. a. That may 

be Joined. Cockeram. 
COMPA'CTLY, k&m-pakt'-le. ad. Closely; dense- 
ly. With neat joining. 
COMPACTNESS, k&m-pakt'-nes. n.s. Firmness; 

closeness. Brown. 
COMPA'CTURE, k&m-pak'-tsharc. 461. n. s. 

Structure. Spenser. 
CO MP A' GES, k&m-pa'-jez. n. s. [Lat.] A system 

of many parts united. Brown. 
To COMPAGINATES*, k&m-pad'-je-nate. v. a. 

To set together that which is broken. Cockeram. 
COMPAG1NATION, kom-pad-je-na'-shun. n. s. 

Union; structure. Brown. 
CO'MPANABLE*, kdm'-pa-na-bl. a. [compagnable, 

old Fr.l Companionable. Cluxucer. 
CO MPANABLENESS, kom'-pa-na-bl-nes. n. s. 

Sociableness. Sidney. 
CO MPANIABLE, kum'-pa-ne-a-bl. a. Social. Ba- 
con. 
COMPATIBLENESS*, kum'-pa-ne-a-bl-nes. n. s. 

Sociableness. Bp. Hall. 
COMPA'NION, k&m-pan'-yun. 113. n.s. One with 
whom a man frequently converses, or with whom 
he shares his hours of relaxation. Shak. A part- 
ner; an associate. Philippiam. A familiar term 
of contempt ; a fellow. Shakspeare. 
COMPANIONABLE, k&m-pan'-y5n-a-bl. a. So- 
cial ; agreeable. Walton. 
COMPA'NIONABLY, kom-pan'-yun-a-ble. ad. In 

a companionable manner. 
COMPA'NIONSHIP, kom-pan'-yun-ship. n. s. Com- 
pany ; train. Shak. Fellowship ; association. Shak- 
speare. 
CO MP ANY $, kum'-pa-ne. 165. n.s. [compago, abl. 
case compagine, Lat.] Persons assembled together. 
Sfutk. An assembly of pleasure. Bacon. Persons 
considered as assembled for conversation. Temple. 
Conversation ; fellowship. Sidney. A number of 
persons united for the execution of any thing; a 
band. Dennis. Persons united in a joint trade or 
partnership. A body corporate ; a subordinate cor- 
poration. Arbuthnot. A subdivision of a regiment 



of foot. Knolles. — To bear company . To keep com 
puny. To associate with. Sliakspeare. 
To COMPANY, kum'-pa-ne. v. a. To accompany 

Sfutkspeare. 
To COMPANY, kum'-pa-ne. v. n. To associate 
with. 1 Cor. To be a gay companion. Spenser. 
To have commerce with another sex. Bp. Hall. 
COMPARABLE, kdm'-pa-ra-bl. [See Academy, 
Acceptable, Commendable, and Incompara- 
bleJ a. Worthy to be compared. Hooker. 
CO'MFARABLY, kdm'-pa-ra-ble. ad. In a man- 
ner worthy to be compared. Wotlon. 
COMPARATES, k6m-par'-a-tez. n.s. [In logick.] 
The two things compared to one another. Dal 
garno. 
COMPARA'TION*, k6m-pa-ra'-sh6n. n. s. Provi 

sion. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
COMPARATIVE, k&m-par'-a-tlv. a. Estimated by 
comparison. SJwik. Having the power of compar- 
ing different things. Glanville. [In grammar.] The 
degree so called. Lowth. 
COMPARATIVE*, k&m-par'-a-tiv. n.s. One that 

is fond of making comparisons. Shak. Ob. T. 
COMPARATIVELY, k&in-par'-a-tiv-le. ad.. In a 

state of comparison. Bacon. 
To COMPARE $, k&m-pare'. [See To Collect.] 
v. a. [comparo, Lat.] To make one thing the meas- 
ure of another. Shak. To get; to procure. Spenser. 
To COMPARE* k&m-pare'. v.n. To vie. Spenser. 
COMPARE, k&m-pare'. [See To Command.^) n.s. 
The state of being compared ; comparison. Suck- 
ling. Simile; similitude. Shakspeare. 

He who makes 



Forming com- 

s. The act of 
Greiv. The state of being compared, 
comparative estimate. Tillotson. A 



COMPARER*, k&m-pare'-Sr. n. s 

a comparison. Bp. Lavington. 
COMPARING*, k&m-pare'-lng. n.. 

parison. Abp. Cranmer. 
COMPARISON, k&m-par'-e-sun 

comparing. 

Locke. A 

simile in writing' or speaking. Shak. The forma 

tion of an adjective through its various degrees of 

signification ; as, strong, stronger, strongest. 

#3** I have inserted the vowel in the 'ast syllable of this 
word, because, in solemn pronunciation, some speakers 
may think it proper to preserve it ; but in common and 
unpremeditated speaking, I am convinced, it falls into 
the general analogy, and is sunk as much as in reason, 
season, prison, &.c. 103, 170. See To Collect. W. 

To COMPA'RT $, k&m-pirt'. v. a. [con and partior, 
Lat.] To divide; to mark out a general design 
into its various parts and subdivisions. Woiton. 

COMPART* k&m'-part. n.s. Member. 

COMPARTIMENT, kbm-part'-e-ment. n. s. A di 
vision of a picture or design. Pope. 

COMPARTI'TION, k&m-par-uW-un. n.s. The 
act of dividing. Wotton. The parts marked out 
or separated. Wotton. 

COMPA'RTMENT, k&m-part'-m^nt. n.s. Division j 
separate part of a design. Peacham. 

COMPARTNER*, k&m-pirt'-nur. n. s. A sharer. 
Pearson. See Copartner. 

To CO'MPASS §, kinn'-pus. 165. v. a. [comparer, 
Fr.] To encircle; to environ. Spenser. To walk 
round any thing. Sandys. To beleaguer; to be- 
siege. Judges. To grasp; to enclose in the arms. 
To obtain; to procure; to attain. Hooker. To 
take measures preparatory to any thing; as, to 
■ compass the deatn of the king. 

CO'MPASS, kum'-pus. 88, 165. n. s. Circle ; round 
Shak. Extent ; reach ; grasp. Shak. Space ; 
room. Pope. Enclosure ; circumference. Milton. 
A departure from the right line ; an indirect ad- 
vance. Moderate space ; due limits. Davies. The 
power of the voice in musick. Shak. The instru- 
ment with which circles are drawn, generally com- 
passes. Donne. The instrument composed of a 
needle and card, whereby mariners steer. Locke. 

COMPASS-SAW, kunV-pus-saw. n.s. A species of 

saw, whose office is to cut a round. Moxon. 
COMPA'SSION §, kdm-pash'-un. n. s. [con and pa- 
tior, Lat.] Pity ; commiseration. Hibrews. 
213 



O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;— 





2'e COMPASSION, k6m-pash'-un. u.a. To pity. 

Shakspeare. 
COMPA SSIONABLE*, k6m-pash'-un-a-bl. a. De- 
serving of compassion. Barrow. 
COMPASSIONARY*, k6m-pash'-un-a-re. a. Com- 
passionate. Cotgrave. 
COMPASSIONATE, k&m-pash'-un-ate. 91. a. In- 
clined to pity 5 merciful. South. Exciting compas- 
sion. Shakspeare. 
To COMPASSIONATE, kom-pash'-un-ate. 91. 

a. a. To pity ; to commiserate. Raleigh. 
COMPASSIONATELY, kom-pash'-un-ate-le. ad. 

Mercifully; tenderly. Clarendon. 
COMPASSIONATENESS*, k6m-pash'-un-ate- 
nes. n. s. State or quality of being compassionate. 
COMPATE'RNIT Y, kom-pa-ter'-ne-te. n.s. [con and 
paterniias, Lat.] The relation of godfather. Davies. 
COMPATIBILITY, kom-pat-e-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Con- 
sistency; agreement with any thing. 
COMPATIBLE §, korn-pat'-e-bl. a. [compatible, 
old FY.] Suitable to; fit for. Hale. Consistent; 
agreeable. Broome. 
COMPATIBLENESS, k6m-pat'-e-bl-nSs. n.s. Con- 
sistency. 
COMPATIBLY, kdm-pat'-e-ble. ad. Filly ; suit- 
ably. 
COMP ATIENT, kom-pa'-shent. a. [con and potior, 

Lat.] Suffering together. Sir G. Buck. 
COMPATRIOT §, kom-pa'-tre-ut. 166. n. s. [con and 
patria., Lat J One of the same country. Bp. Hall. 
COMPATRIOT*, kom-pa'-tre-ut. a. Of the same 

country. Akenside. 
COMPE'ER, kom-peer'. n. s. [compar, Lat.] Equal ; 

companion. Chaucer. 
Te COMPE'ER, kom-peer'. v. a. To be equal with ; 

to mate. Shakspeare. 
To COMPELS, kom-pel'. [See ToCollect.] v. a. 
[compello, Lat.] To force to some act ; to oblige. 
Shak. To take by force or violence. Shak. To 
gather together, and unite in a company. Dryden. 
To seize ; to overpower. Dryden. 
COMPELLABLE, kom-pel'-la-bl. a. That may be 

forced. Blackstone. 
COMPELLABLE*, k6m-pelMa-ble. ad. In a for- 
cible manner. 
COMPELLA'TION, kom-pel-la'-shun. n.s. The 

style of address ; the word of salutation. Burton. 
COMPELLER, kom-pel'-lur. n. s. He that forces 

another. Sir T. Smith- 
CO'MPENDS, kom'-pend. n. s. [compendium, Lat.] 

Abridgement ; summary. Watts. 
C031PENDIA / RIOUS,k6m-pen-je-a / -re-us. 294. a. 

Short; contracted. 
To COMPENDIATE*, kmn-pen'-je-ate. v. a. To 

sum together ; to comprehend. 
COMPENDIOSITY, kdm-pen-je-os-'-e-te. 294. n.s. 

Shortness. 
COMPENDIOUS, k&m-pen'-je-us. a. Short ; sum- 
mary ; abridged. Woodward. 
COMPENDIOUSLY, k6m-pen'-je-us-le. 294. ad. 

Shortly ; in epitome. Hooker. 
COMPENDIOUSNESS, kom-pen'-je-us-nes. 294. 

n. s. Shortness ; brevity. Bentley. 
COMPENDIUM, kom-pen'-je-um. n. s. [Lat.] 

Abridgement; summary. Watts. 
COMPENSABLE, kom-pen'-sa-bl. a. That which 

may be recompensed. Cotgrave. 
To COMPENSATE §, k6m-pen / -sate. 91. v. a. 
[compenso, Lat.] To recomoense ; to make amends 
for. Bacon. 
COMPENSATION, koin-pen-sa'-sh&n. n.s. Rec- 
ompense ; amends. Bacon. 
COMPENSATIVE, k&m-pen'-sa-tiv. a. That which 

compensates. 
COMPENSATORY*, kom-pen'-sa-tur-re. a. That 

which makes amends. 
To COMPENSEjk&m-pense'. v. a. To compensate ; 

to be equivalent to; to recompense. Bacon. 
To COMPERE NDIN ATE §, kom-pe-ren'-de-nate 

r. a. [comperendino, Lat.] To delay. 
COMPERENDlNA'TIONjkom-pe-ren-de-na'-shun 
n. s. Delay ; dilatoriness. 



COMPETENCE, k&m'-pe-tense. )n. s. Such a 

COMPETENCY, kom'-pe-ten-se. \ quantity as 13 
sufficient, without superfluity. Government of the. 
Tongue. A fortune equal to the conveniences of 
life. Shak. The power or capacity of a judge, 
or court, to take cognizance of an affair. 

COMPETENT §, k&m'-pe-tent. a. [compelens, Lat.] 
Suitable; fit. Bacon. Adapted to any purpose. 
Davies. Reasonable ; moderate. Hooker. Quali 
fied ; fit. Government of tlie Tongue. Consistent 
with ; incident to. Locke. 

COMPETENTLY, k6m'-pe-tent-le. ad. Adequate- 
ly ; properly. Bentley. Reasonably ; moderately. 
Wotton. 

COMPATIBLES, kom-pet'-e-bl. a. Suitable to; 
consistent with. More. See Compatible. 

COMPATIBLENESS, kom-peV-e-bl-nes. n. s. Suit- 

COMPETITIONS, k&m-pe-tlsh'-un. n. s. [con and 
petitio, Lat.] Rivalry; contest. Bacon. Double 
claim. Bacon. 

COMPETITOR, kom-pet'-e-tfir. n. s. A rival. Shale. 
An associate. Sliakspeare. 

COMPETITRESS*,k6m-pet / -e-tres. ) n.s. She who 

COMPETITR1X*, kom-pet'-e-trfks. $ is a rival. 
Hieragonisticon. Lord Herbert. 

COMPILATION, k6m-pe-la-shun. n.s. A collec- 
tion from various authors. Warton. An assem- 
blage. Woodward. 

COMPILATOR*, kom-pe-la'-tur. n.s. A collector. 
Chaucer. 

To COMPFLE $, kom-plle'. v. a. [compilo, Lat.] To 
draw up from various authors. Blackstone. To 
write; to compose. Temple. To contain ; to com- 
prise. Spenser. To make up ; to compose. Clwp- 
man. To put together ; to build. Spenser. 

COMPILEMENT, kom-pile'-ment. n. s. Coacerva- 
tion; piling together. Sir H. Wotton. 

COMPILER, kom-plM&r. n.s. One who frames a 
composition from various authors. Bacon. 

COMPLACENCE, kom-pla'-sense. ) n.s. Pleasure ; 

COMPLACENCY, kom-pla'-sen-se. j satisfaction. 
Milton. The cause of pleasure. Milton. Civility t 
complaisance. Clarendon. 

COMPLA'CENTS, kom-pla'-sent. a. [complacent, 
Lat.] Civil ; affable. Burke. 

COMPLACENTLY*, k&m-pla'-sent-le. ad. In a 
soft or easy manner. 

To COMPLAINS, kom-plane'. v.n. [complaindre , 
Fr.] To mention with sorrow or resentment; to 
murmur; to lament. Shak. To inform against. Shak. 

To COMPLAIN, k6ui-plane'. v. a. To lament ; to 
bewail. Fairfax. 

COMPLA1NABLE*, kom-pla'-na-bl. a. To be 
complained of. FeltJmm. 

COMPLAINANT, kom-pla'-nant. n.s. One who. 
urges a suit. Colliei: 

COMPLATNER, kom-pla'-nftr. n.s. One who com- 
plains ; a murmurer. Numbers. 

COMPLAINING*, kom-pla'-nfng. n, s. Expression 
of .sorrow or injury. Psalm cxliv. 

COMPLATNT, kom-plant'. n. s. Representation of 
pains or injuries. Hooker. The cause of complaint. 
Sicift. A malady; a disease. Arbuthnot. Re- 
monstrance against ; information against. Shale. 

COMPLAINFUL*, kom-plane'-ful. a. Full of com- 
plaint. Huloet. Ob. T. 

COMPLAISANCE, kom-ple-zanse'. n. s. Civility ; 
desire of pleasing. Dryden. 

COMPLAISANT §, kom-ple-zant'. a. [complaisant, 
Fr.] Civil ; desirous to please. W. Mountagn. 

COMPLAISANTLY, k&m-ple-zant'-le. ad. Civilly. 

COMPLAISANTNESS, k6m-ple-zanl'-nes. n.s. 

Civility; compliance. Diet. 
To COMPLANATE, k&m-pla'-nate. 503. ) „ 
To COMPLANE, k6m-plane'. \ 

[planus, Lat.] To level ; to reduce to a flat surface. 

Dei-ham. 
COMPLE'AT. See Complete. 
COMPLEMENT, kom'-ple-ment. n. s. [complemen 

turn, Lat.] Perfection ; completion. Hooker Com- 
214 



COM 



COM 



-n6, mftvc, nflr, not ; — tube, tub, b&ll ; — 61l ; — pound ; — thin, THis. 



plete set ; the Hill quantity or number. Prior. Ad- 
scititious circumstances. Hooker. [In geometry.] 
What remains of a quadrant of a circle, or of nine- 
ty decrees, aAer any certain arch hath been re- 
trenched from it. [In astronomy.] The distance 
of a star from the zenith. — Complement of the cur- 
tain. [In fortification.] That part in the interiourside 
of it which makes the demigorge. Arithmetical 
complement of a logarithm, is what the logariUim 
wants of 10.000.000. Chambers. 
COMPLEMENT AL*,k6m-ple-men'-tal. a. Adsciti- 
tious ; expressive of compliment. Sir J. Haring- 
ton. 
COMPLEMENTARY*, k6m-ple-men'-ta-re. n. s. 

One skilled in compliments. B. Jonson. 
COMPLETE $, kom-plete'. [See To Collect.] a. 
[compUtus, Lat.] Perfect ; full. Hooker. Finished ; 
ended. Prior. 
To COMPLETE, kom-plete'. v. a. To perfect ; to 

finish. Walton. 
COMPLETELY, k&m-plete'-le. ad. Fully 5 perfect- 
ly. Blackmore. 
COMPLETEMENT, k&m-plete'-ment. n. s. The 

act of completing. More. 
COMPLETENESS, k&m-plete'-nSs. n. s. Perfec- 
tion. K. Clutrles. 
COMPLETION, k&m-ple'-shfin. n. s. Accomplish- 
ment ; act of fulfilling. South. Utmost height ; 
perfect state. Pope. 
COMPLETIVE*, kom-ple'-dv. a. Making complete. 

Harris. 
COMPLETORY*, k&m-ple'-tur-e. a. Fulfilling. 

Barrow. 

CO'MPLETORY*, k&m'-ple-tfir-e. n. s. [completo- 

rium, low Lat.] The evening service ; the compline 

of the Romish church. Hooper. 

COMPLEX $ , kom'-pleks. ) a. [complexus, Lat.] 

COMPLETED, kom-plekst'. \ composite; of 

many parts ; not simple. Brown. 
CC^MPLEX, kom'-plelA. n.s. Complication ; collec- 
tion. South. 
COMPLE'XEDNESS, kom-pl§k'-sgd-ngs. 365. n.s. 
Complication 5 involution of many particular parts 
in one integral. Locke. 
COMPLE'XION, k&m-plek'-shun. n.s. The enclosure 
of one thing in another. Watts. The colour of the 
external parts of any body. Shak. The tempera- 
ture of the body. Dryden. 
COMPLE'XION AL,k6m-pl§k'-shun-al. a. Depend- 
ing on the complexion or temperament. Brown. 
COMPLE'XIONALLY, k&m-pleV-shun-al-le. a. 

By complexion. Brown. 
COMPLE'XIONARY*,k6m-pleV-shun-a-re. a. Re- 
lating to the care of the complexion. Bp. Taylor. 
COMPLE'XIONED*, kom-pl5k'-shund. a. Hav- 
ing a body in good temperature. L. Addison. 
COMPLE'XITY*,k6m-pleks'-e-te. n.s. State of be- 
ing complex. Burke. 
COMPLE'XLY, kom-pleks'-le. ad. In a complex 

manner. 
COMPLE'XNESS, k&m-pleks'-n£s. n.s. The state 

of being complex. A. Smith. 
COMPLE'XURE, k6m-pl§k'-shure. 452. n.s. The 
involution or complication of one thing with others. 
{0= The s in the composition of x in this word, agreeably 
to analogy, goes into the sharp aspiration sh, as it is 
preceded by the sharp consonant A: ; in the same man- 
ner as the s in pleasure goes into the flat aspiration zA, 
as it is preceded by a vowel. 479. W. 
COMPLFABLE*, kom-pll'-a-bl. a. That can bend 

or yield. Milton. 
COMPLFANCE, kom-pll'-anse. n.s. The act of 
yielding to any desire ; submission. King Charles, 
A disposition to yield to others; complaisance, 
Clarendon. 
COMPLI'ANT, k&m-pll'-ant. a. Yielding ; bending 

Milton. Civil; complaisant. 
COMPLFANTLY* kom-pll'-ant-le. ad. In a yield- 
ing manner. 
To CCMPLIC ATE $, k&m'-ple-kate. v. a. [compli- 
co, Lat.] To entangle one with another ; to join ; 
to involve mutually. Tillotson. To unite by invo- 



lution of parts. Boyle. To form by the union of 
several parts. Donne. 
COMPLICATE, kdm'-ple-kate.91. a. Compounded 

of a multiplicity of parts. Bacon. 
CO'MPLICATELY*, k&m'-ple-kate-le. ad. In a 

complicated manner. 
CO'MPLICATENESS, kom'-ple-kate-nes. n s. In- 
tricacy; perplexity. Hale. 
COMPLICATION, k&m-ple-ki'-shun. n. s. Involv- 
ing one thing in another. Jordan. The state of 
being involved. Wilkins. Theintegra. consisting of 
manv things involved, perplexed, and united. Watts. 
CO'MPLICE, kom'-plk n. s. [complex, low Lat.] 

An accomplice. Shakspeare. 
COMPLFER, kom-pll'-ur. n. s. A man of an easy 

temper. Swift. 
CO'MPLIMENT §, k6m'-ple-ment. n. s. [compliment, 
Fr.] An act, or expression, of civility, usually un- 
derstood to mean less than it declares. Sidney. 
To CO'MPLIMENT, k6m'-ple-ment. v. a. To soothe 
with expressions of respect; to flatter; to praise. 
Glamrille. 
To CO'MPLIMENT, k&m'-ple-ment. v.n. To use 

adulatory language. Milton. 
COMPLFME'NTAL, kom-ple-men'-tal. a. Implying 

compliments. Shakspeare. 
COMPLIME'NTALLY, k6m-ple-mSn'-tal-le. ad. 

In the nature of a compliment. Broome. 
CO'MPLFMENTER, k&m'-ple-men-tur. n.s. One 

given to compliments ; a flatterer. 
CO'MPLrNE, kom'-plin. n. s. [completinum, low Lat.] 
The last act of worship at night, by which the ser- 
vice of the day is completed. Spenser. 
To CO'MPLISH*, kom'-pllsh. v. a. To accomplish 

Spenser. 
To COMPLO'RE, kom-plore'. v. n. [comploro, Lat.] 

To lament together. Cockeram. 
CO'MPLOT§, k6m'-pl6t. n. s. [Fr.] A confederacy 

in some secret plot. Spenser. 
$£T I have in this word followed Mr. Sheridan's accentu- 
ation, as more agreeable to analogy than Dr. Johnson's, 
[altered by Todd,] and have differed from both in the 
noun comport for the same reason. 492. W. 
To COMPLOT, kom-plot'. v. a. To form a plot; to 

conspire. Bacon. 
COMPLOTMENT*, kom-plot'-mgnt n. s. Conspira- 
cy. Dean King. 
COMPLOTTER, kom-plot'-t&r. n. s. A conspirator. 

Sir G. Buck. 
To COMPLY' §, kom-pll'. v.n. [complier, Fr.] To 

yield to ; to accord with. Waller. 
To COMPO'NDERATE*, kom-pond'-dur-ate, v. a. 
[compondero, Lat.] To weigh together. Cockeram. 
COMPO'NENT, kom-po'-nent. a. [componens, Lat.] 
That which constitutes the compound body. New- 
ton. 
To COMPO'RT §, kom-p6rt'. v. n. [comporter, Fr.] 
To agree; to suit. Beaumont and Fletcher. To 
bear. Barrow. 
To COMPO'RT, k6m-p6rt'. v. a. To bear; to en- 
dure. Daniel. To behave. Congreve. 
COMPO'RT, kom'-p6rt. 492. n. s. Behaviour; con- 
duct. Bp. Taylor. 
COMPO'RT ABLE, kom-p6r'-ta-bl. a. Consistent; 

not contradictory. Wotton. 
COMPO'RT ANCE, k6m-p6r / -tanse. n.s. Behaviour; 

gesture of ceremony. Spenser. 
COMPORTATION*, k&m-por-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [com- 

portatio, LaU An assemblage. Bp. Richardson. 
COMPO'RTMENT, kom-port'-ment. n.s. Beha- 
viour; mien; demeanour. Hale. 
To COMPOSES, kom-poze'. [See ^Collect.] 
vjbl. [compono, hat.'] To form amass by joining differ- 
ent things together. Sprat. To place any thing in 
its proper form. Dryd. To dispose. Clarendon. To 
put together a discourse or sentence; to write as an 
author- Hooker. To constitute by being parts of a 
whole. Milton. To calm ; to quiet. Clarendon. To 
adjust the mind to any business. Duppa. To adjust ; 
to settle ; as, to compose a difference. [With print- 
ers.] To arrange the letters in the composing stick. 
To form a tune from the different musical notes. 
215 



COM 



COM 



1CP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



COMPOSED, k&m-pdzd'. jpart. a. Calm; serious. 
Addison. 

COMPOSEDLY, k&m-p6'-zgd-le. 364. ad. Calmly ; 
sedately. Clarendon. 

COMPOSEDNESS, k&m-pA^zeU-iies. 365. n.s. Se- 
dateness; tranquillity. Wilkins. 

COMPOSER, kom-po'-zflr. n. s. An author; a 
writer. Milton. He that forms a tune. Woodward. 
A compositor; he that adjusts the types for print- 
ing 1 . Abp. Laud. One who composes or adjusts a 
thing. Bp. Williams. 

COMPOSITE, k6m-p6zMt. 140. a. An order in 
architecture, the last of the five orders of columns; 
so named because its capital is composed out of 
those of the other orders. Harris. 

COMPOSITION, k&m-po-zfsh'-fin. n.s. The act of 
forming an integral of various dissimilar parts. 
Bacon. The act of bringing simple ideas into com- 
plication, opposed to analysis. Newton. A mass 
formed of different ingredients. Bacon. Union; 
conjunction ; combination. Exodus. The arrange- 
ment of various figures in a picture. Dryden. 
Written work. Addison. Adjustment; regulation. 
B. Jonson. Compact ; agreement. Hooker. The 
act of discharging a debt by paying part; the sum 

faid. B/ackstone. Consistency; congruity. Shak. 
In grammar.] The joining of two words together, 
or the prefixing a particle to another word, to aug- 
ment, diminish, or change, its signification. A cer- 
tain method of demonstration in mathematicks, 
which is the reverse of the analytical method, or of 
resolution. Harris. 
COMPOSITIVE, kom-poz'-e-tfv. a. Compounded; 

or having- the power of compounding. Diet. 

COMPOSITOR, k6m-p6z / -£-tftr. n. s. He that ranges 

and adjusts the types in printing. Boswell. He that 

composeth or setteth a thing in order. Bullokar. 

COMPOSSESSOR*, k6m-p6z-zes / -sftr. n.s. Ajoint 

possessor. 
COMPOSSIBLE*, kom-p&s'-se-bl. a. [con and pos- 
sible.'] Consistent. Chillingworth. 
CO'MPOST§, k&m'-p&st. n. s. [Fr.] A mixture of va- 
rious substances for enriching the ground ; manure. 
Shak. Any mixture or composition. Hammond. 
To COMPOST, k&m-p6st'. v. a. To manure. Bacon. 
COMPOSTURE, k&m-pos'-tshure. 461. n.s. Soil; 

manure. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
COMPOSURE, kdm-po'-zhure. 452. n.s. The act 
of composing or inditing. King Cliarles. Arrange- 
ment ; combination. Holder. The form arising 
from the disposition of the various parts. Crashaw. I 
Frame ; make. Slmk. Adjustment. Duppa. Com- 
position ; framed discourse. Webster. Sedateness. 
Milton. Agreement ; composition. King Cliarles. 
COMPOTA'TIONS, k6m-p6-ta / -shun. n.s. [compo- 
fatio, Lat.] Drinking or tippling together. Brown. 
CO'MPOTATOR*, k&m-po-ta'-tur. ) n. s. One who 
COMPO'TORf, k6m-p6'-tflr. $ drinks with 

another. Pope. 
To COMPOUNDS, kom-pSund'. v. a. [compono, 
Lat.] To mingle ingredients in one mass. Shak. 
To form by uniting various parts. Exodus. To 
combine. Addison. To form one word from two 
or more words. Raleigh. To compose by being 
united. Shak. To adjust a difference by some re- 
cession from the rigour of claims. Shak. To dis- 
charge a debt bv paying only a part. Gay. 
To COMPOUND, kom-pound'. v. n. To come to 
terms of agreement by abating something of the 
first demand. Clarendon. To bargain in the lump. 
Shak. To come to terms by granting something 
on each side. Carew. To determine. Shakspeare. 
COMPOUND, k6m / -p6und. 492. a. Formed out of 
many ingredients ; not simple. Watts. [In gram- 
mar.] Composed of two or more words. Pope.— Com- 
pound or aggregated flower, is such as consists of 
many little flowers : such are the sunflower and dan- 
delion. Harris. 
COMPOUND, k&m'-po&nd. 492. n. s. The mass 

formed of many ingredients. Bacon. 
COMPO'UNDABLE, k&m-pdun'-da-bl. a. Capable 
of being compounded. Sherwood. 



COMPOUNDER, k6m-poun'-dur. n. s. One who 
brings parties to terms of agreement. Shellon. One 
who mixes bodies. An academical term for one 
who, having any estate or income for life of a cer- 
tain value, pays extraordinary fees for the degree 
which he takes; and, according to the value, is 
either a grand or a petty compounder. 
To COMPREHEND $, k&m-pre-hend'. v. a. [com 
prehendo, Lat.] To comprise ; to include. Rom 
To contain in the mind; to understand; to con 
ceive. St. John. 
COMPREHENSIBLE, k6m-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. In 
telligible. Locke. Possible to be comprised. Bacon 
COMPREHENSIVENESS*, kom-pre-hen'-se-bl 

nes. n. s. Capability of being understood. More. 

COMPREHENSIBLY, kom-pre-hen'-se-ble. ad 

With great power of understanding ; significantly 

Tillotson. 

COMPREHENSION, kdm-pre-heV-shfin. n. s. 

Comprising or containing; inclusion. Hooker. Sum 

mary ; epitome. Rogers. Knowledge ; capacity. 

Dryden. A trope or figure, bv which the name of 

a whole is put for a part, or that of a part for the 

whole, or a definite number for an indefinite. 

Harris. 

COMPREHENSIVE, k&m-pre-hen'-slv. a. Having 

the power to comprehend or understand many things 

at once. Dryden. Compendious; extensive. Sprat. 

COMPREHENSIVELY, k&m-pre-heV-siv-le. ad. 

In a comprehensive manner. 
COMPREHENSIVENESS, k6m-pre-heV-s?v-nes. 
n. s. The quality of including much in a few words. 
Addison. The power of understanding all things. 
Shelford. 
COMPREHENSOR*, kom-pre-heW-s&r. n.s. One 

who has attained knowledge. Bp. Hall. 
COMPRESBYTE'RIAL*, k6m-pres-be-te / -re-al. a. 
Relating to the Presbyterian form of ecclesiastical 
ministration. Milton. 
To COMPRESS $, kom-pres'. v. a. [compressus , 
Lat.] To force into a narrow compass. Adams. To 
embrace. Pope. 
COMPRESS, k6m'-pres. 492. n. s. Bolsters of linen, 

by which surgeons fix their bandages. Wisemayi. 
COMPRESSIBFLITY, k&m-pres-se-bllMe-te. n. s. 

The quality of being compressible. 
COMPRESSIBLE, kdm-preV-se-bl. a. Capable of 

being forced into a narrower compass. Cheyne. 
COMPRESSIBLENESS, k6m-pres'-se-bl-nes. n. s. 

Capability of being pressed close. 
COMPRESSION, kom-presh'-un. n. s. Bringing the 
parts of any body more near to each other by vio- 
lence. Bacon. 
COMPRESSIVE* k&m-preY-slv. a. Having the 

power to compress. Smith. 
COMPRESSURE,k6m-presh / -shure.452. n.s. The 
force of one body pressing against another. Boyle. 
CO'MPRIEST*, k6m / -preest. n. s. A fellow-priest 

Milton. 
To COMPRINT, k6m-prmt'. v. n. [comprimere, 
Lat.] To print together. [In law.] The deceitful 
printing of another's copy, to the prejudice of the 
proprietor. Phillips. 
COMPRISAL*, kom-prl'-zal. n. s. The compre- 
hending- of things. Barrow. 
To COMPRISEl, kom-prlze'. v. a. [compris, Fr.] 

To contain ; to include. Hooker. 
To CO'MPROBATE §*, kom'-p^-bate. t». n. [com- 
probo, Lat.] To agree with ; to concur in testimony-. 
Sir T. Ehjot. 
COMPROBA'TION, kom-pr6-ba/-shun. n. s. Proof: 

attestation. Brown. 
COMPROMISER kom'-prd-mlze. n. s. [compromis- 
sum, Lat.] A mutual promise of parties at differ- 
ence, to refer their controversies to arbitrators. 
Cowcl. A compact, in which concessions are made 
on each side. Shakspeare. 
To COMPROMISE, kftm'-pri-mlze. v. a. To com- 
pound; to adjust a dispute by mutual concessions. 
Shenstone. To accord ; to agree. Shakspeare. 
To COMPROMISE*, kcW-pro-mize. v. n. To 
agree ; to accord. Fuller. 
216 



CON 



CON 



— n6, mdve, ndr, n6t; — tube, tab, bfill; — dilj — pound; — thin, this. 



COMPROMISER*, k&m'-pro-ml-zflr. n. s. He who 

makes concession. 
COMPROMISSORIAL, k&m-pr6-mis-s6'-re-al. a. 

Relatingto a compromise. 
To CO'MPROMIT*. kom'-pro-mu. v. a. [compro- 
viitto, Lat.] To pledge; to promise. Sir T. Elyot. 
COMPROVINCIAL, k&m-prc-vfn'-shal. n. s. Be- 
longing to the same province. Ai/liffe. 
COMPT $, kount. 407. n. s. [compte, Fr.] Account; 

computation. Shakspeare. 
To COMPT. kSiint. v. a. To compute. 
COMPT $*, kompt. a. [comptus, Lat.] Neat ; spruce. 

Cofs.rare. 
COMPTIBLE, k6iV-te-bl. a. Accountable; ready 

to give account. Shakspeare. 
CO MPTLY* k6mpt'-le. ad. Neatly ; sprucely. Sher- 
wood. 
CO'MPTNESS*, k&mpt'-nes. n. s. Neatness. Sher- 
wood. 
To COMPTRO'L $, k&n-tr6ll'. 84, 406. v. a. [for 

control.] To control ; to overrule. 
COMPTROLLER, k&n-lnV-lur. n. s. Director; su- 
pervisor. Shakspeare. 
C6MPTROLLERSHIP, k6n-tr6Mur-ship. n.s. Su- 
perintendence. Carenc. 
COMPU'LSATIVE*, k&m-pul'-sa-tlv. a. Compel- 
ling ; forcing. 
COMPU'LSATIVELY, k6m-pul'-sa-tiv-le. ad. With j 

force ; by constraint. Clarissa. 
COMPULSATORY, kom-puF-sa-tur-e. 512. ("See 
Domkstick.] a. Having the force of compelling 
Shakspeare. 
COMPULSIONS, kom-pul'-shun. n.s. \compulsio, 
Lat.] The act of compelling;. force. Sliakspeare 
Violence suffered. Locke. 
COMPULSIVE, kom-pul'-slv.a. Having the power 

to compel. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
COMPULSIVELY, k6m-pul'-siv-le. ad. By force ; 

bv violence. Milton. 
COMPULSIVENESS, k6m-pul'-s?v-nes. n. s. 

Force; compulsion. 
COMPULSORILY, k6m-pul'-s6-re-le. ad. In a 

forcible manner. Bacon. 
COMPULSORY, k6m-pul / -sur-e. 512. [See Do- 
mestick.] a. Having the power of compelling. Bp. 
Bramhall. 
COMPUNCTION $, kdm-pfingk'-shun. n.s. [com- 
ponction, Fr.] The power of pricking; stimulation. 
Brown. Repentance ; contrition. Clarendon. 
COMPU'NCTIOUS, k6m-pungk / -sh&s. a. Repent- 
ant; sorrowful. Shakspeare. 
COMPU'NCTIVE, kom-pangk'-uV. a. Causing re- 
morse. 
COMPU'PIL*, kSm-pu'-pil. n. s. A fellow-pupil. 

Walton. 
COMPURGATION $, kSm-pur-ga'-shun. n.s. [com 
purgalio, Lat.] The practice of justifying any man's 
veracity by the testimony of another. 
COMPURGATOR, k&m-pur-ga'-tur. n. s. One who 
bears his testimony to the credibility of another. 
Fuller. 
COMPUTABLE, k&m-pu'-ta-bl. a. Capable of be- 
ing numbered. Hale. 
To CO'MPUTATE $*, k6m'-pu-tate. v. a. To ac- 
count ; to reckon. Cockeram. 
COMPUTATION, k&m-pu-ta'-shun. n. s. The act 
of reckoning. Shakspeare. The sum settled by 
calculation. Addison. 
To COxMPUTE $, k&m-piW. v. a. [computo, Lat.] 

To reckon ; to calculate. Burnet. 
COMPUTE, kom-pute 7 . n. s. Computation. Brown. 
COMPUTER, kom-pu'-tfir. n.s. Reckoner; calcu- 

'ator. Brown. 

CO'MPUTIST, kom'-pu-tlst. n.s. Calculator. Wotton. 

CO MRADE, k&m'-ride. 165. n. s. [camerade, Fr.] 

One who dwells in the same house or chamber. 

Sliakspeure. A companion. Milton. 

CO'MROGUE*, k6nV-r6g. n. s. A fellow-rogue. 

B. Jonson. 
CON§, k6n. A Latin inseparable preposition, which, 
at the beginning of words, signifies union or asso- 
ciation; as, concourse, a running together. 



CON, k6n. [contra, Lat.] A cant word for the nega 
live side ot a question ; as, the pros and cons. James. 
To CON $, kdn. v. a. [connan, Sax.] To know. Spen- 
ser. To study ; to commit to memory. Shakspeare. 
To con tlianks. To thank. Sluikspeare. 
To CONCA'MERATE$, k6n-kam / -e-rate. 91, 408 
v. a. [concamero, Lat.] To arch over; to lay cop 
cave over. Grew. 
CONCAMERATION, kftn-kam-e-ra'-shun. n. s 

Arch ; vault. Sir T. Herbert. 
To CONCATENATE §, k&n-kat'-e-nate. v.a. {cate- 
na, Lat.] To link together. Barrow. 
CONCATENATION, kon-kat-e-na'-shun.n. s. A se- 
ries of links; an uninterrupted succession. B. Jonson. 
CONCALSE*, kon-kawz'. n. s. Joint cause. Foth- 

erby. 
CONCAVATION, k&ng-ka-va'-sh&n. n. s. The ac< 

of making concave. 
ftjT As the secondary accent is on the first syllable of this 
word, and the n comes before hard c, it has the ringing 
sound as much as if the principal accent were upon it. 
408, 409, 432. W. 
CONCAVES, kdng'-kave. 408, 409, 432. a. [conca- 
vus, Lat.] Hollow without angles : opposed to con- 
vex. Burnet. Hollow. Shakspeare. 
CO'NCAVE*, k6ng / -kave. n. s. A hollow ; a cavity. 

Milton. 
To CO'NCAVE* k6ng / -kave. v. a. To make hollow. 

Seward. 
CO'NCAVENESS, kSng'-kave-nSs. n. s. Hollow- 

ness. Diet. 
CONCA'VITY, k&n-kav'-e-te. n. s. Internal surface 
of a hollow spherical or spheroidical body. Wotton. 
CONCAVO-CONCAVE, kon-ka^-kdng'-kave. 

408. a. Concave or hollow on both sides. 
CONCAVO-CONVEX, k6n-ka / -vc--k6n / -vgks. a 
Concave one way, and convex the other. Neivton 
CO'NCAVOUS, k6n-ka'-vus. a. Concave; hollow 

without angles. Smith. 
CO'NCA VOUSLY, kSn-ka'-vus-le. ad. With hollow- 

ness. Brown. 
To CONCE'AL $, kon-sele'. v. a. [concelo, Lat.] To 

hide ; to keep secret. Spenser. 
CONCE'ALABLE, kdn-se'-ld-bl. a. Capable of be- 
ing concealed. Brown. 
CONCE'ALEDNESS, kdn-seMe'd-ngs. n. s. Pri- 
vacy; obscurity. Did. 
CONCE'ALER.'kon-se'-lflr. n.s. He that conceals 

any thing. Bp. Hall. 
CONCE'ALING*, kon-se'-llng. n. s. A hiding, ot 

keeDing close. Bp. Taylor. 
CONCEALMENT, k&n-sele'-ment. n. s. The act of 
hiding. Shakspeare. Privacy. Addison, Hiding 
place; retreat. Rogers. 
To CONCE'DE $, k&n-sede'. v. a. [concedo, Lat.] To 

yield ; to admit; to let pass undisputed. Brown. 
To CONCE'DE*, k6n-sede'. v. n. To admit; to 

grant. Bentley. 
CONCE'IT $, kdn-sete'. n. s. [conceptus, Lat.] Con 
ception; thought. Sidney. Understanding; readi 
ness of apprehension. Sidney. Fancy ; imagina 
tion ; fantastical notion. Shak. Opinion in a neu 
tral sense. Prov. Pleasant fancy; gayety of 
imagination. Sluik. Sentiment; striking thought 
Pope. Fondness; favourable opinion; opiniona 
tive pride. Bentley. Out of conceit with No 
longer fond of. Tillotson. 
To CONCETT, kdn-sete'. v. a. To conceive ; to 

imagine ; to believe. Shakspeare. 
CONCERTED, k&n-seM§d. part. a. Endowed with 

fancv. Knolles. Proud; fond of himself. Felton. 
CONCETTEDLY, kon-se'-l^d-le. ad. Fancifully, 

whimsically. Donne. 
CONCETTEDNESS, k&n-se / -ted-ne's. n.s. Pride, 

opinionativeness ; fondness of himself. More. 
CONCETTLESS, kon-sete'-lgs. a. Stupid; without 

thought. Shakspeare. 
CONCEIVABLE, k6n-se / -va-bl. a. That may be 
imagined or thought. Wilkins. That may be un 
derstood or believed. Glanville. 
CONCETVABLENESS, kon-se'-va-bl-nSs. n, s. The 
quality of being conceivable. 
2f? 



CON 



CON 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m<k;— pine, pin;— 



CONCETVABLY^on-se'-va-ble. ad. In a conceiva- 
ble or intelligible manner. Mountagv.. 
To CONCEIVE §, k6n-seve / . v. a. [concevoir, Fr.] 
To admit into the womb. Psalm li. To form in the 
mind; to imagine. Jer. To comprehend; to un- 
derstand. Shalcspeare. To think. Swift. 
To CONCEIVE, kon-seve'. v.n. To think; to have 
an idea of. Sliakspeare. To become pregnant. 
Genesis. 
CONCEIVER, kSn-se'-vur. n. s. One that under- 
stands or apprehends. Brown. 
CONCEIVING*, kon-se'-vmg. n. s. Apprehension ; 

understanding. Sliakspeare. 
To CONCE'LEBRATE*, k&n-seT-e-brate. v. a. To 

praise ; to celebrate together. Slierwooa. 
CONCE'NT§, kon-sent'. n. s. [concentus, Lat.] Con- 
cert of voices; harmony. Bacon. Consistency. 
Dr. Maine. 
CONCENTFUL*, kon-sent'-ful. a. Harmonious. 

Father by. 
CONCE'NTED*, k&n-sent'-ed. part. a. Made to 

agree with. Spenser. 
To CONCENTRATES, kon-sen'-trate. • 91. v. a. 
[con and centrum, Lat.] To drive into a narrow 
compass. Arbidhnot. ■ 
CONCENTRATION, kon-sen-tra'-shun. n. s. Col- 
lection into a narrow space round the centre. 
Peacham. 
To CONCENTRE, kon-sen'-tur. 416. v. n. To tend 

to one common centre. Wotton. 
To CONCENTRE, kon-seV-tur. v. a. To direct, or 

contract towards one centre. Milton. 
CONCENTRIC AL, kftn-sen'-tre-kal. ) a. Having 
CONCENTRICK, kon-seV-trik. $ one com- 
mon centre. Donne. 
CONCEPTUAL*, kon-seV-tshu-al. a. Harmonious. 

Warton. 
CONCE'PTACLE, kdn-sep'-ta-kl. 405. n.s. [con- 
ceptacnlum, Lat.] That in which any thing is con- 
tained ; a vessel. Woodward. 
CONCETTIBLE, k6n-sep'-te-bl. a. That may be 

conceived ; intelligible. Hale. 
CONCEPTION §, kon-sep'-shun. n. s. [conceplio, 
Lat.] Conceiving, or growing quick with preg- 
nancy. Gen. The state of being conceived. Shale. 
Notion; idea; image in the mind. Sentiments; 
purpose. Shale. Apprehension; knowledge. Da- 
vies. Conceit ; sentiment; pointed thought. Drijden. 
CONCETTIOUS, k6n-sep } -shus. a. Fruitful ; preg- 
nant. Sliakspeare. 
CONCEPTIVE, kon-sep'-tlv. a. Capable to con- 
ceive. Brown- 
To CONCE'RN § , Icon-sera 7 , v. a. [concerno, low 
Lat.] To relate to ; to belong to. Hooker. To af- 
fect with some passion; to touch nearly. Shuk. 
To interest; to engage by interest. Boijle. To 
disturb ; to make uneasy. Derham. To concern 
himself. To intermeddle ; to be busy. Dryden. 
CONCERN, kon-seW. n.s. Business; affair. Den- 
Jiam. Interest; engagement. Dryden. Importance; 
moment. Roscommon. Passion; affection. Dryd. 
CONCERNEDLY, k&n-sern'-£d-le. ad. With af- 
fection. Clarendon. 
CONCERNING, kon-ser'-nlng. prep. Relating to. 

Bacon. 
CONCERNING*, kon-ser'-nmg. n. s. Business. 

Shakspeare. 
CONCERNMENT, k&n-sern'-ment. n. s. Affair; 
business ; interest. Milton. Relation ; influence. 
Denham. Intercourse ; business. Locke. Impor- 
tance ; moment. Boyle. Interposition ; regard. 
Clarendon. Passion; emotion of mind. Dryden. 
To CONCE'RT §, kon-sert'. v. a. [converter, Fr.] To 
settle any thing in private by mutual communica- 
tion. Taller. To settle; to contrive; to adjust. 
Rowe. 
To CONCERT*, kon-sert'. v. n. To consult with. 
CO N CERT, k&n'-sert. n. s. Communication of de- 
signs. Swift. An assembly of musicians perform- 
ing before an audience. Scott. 
CONCERT A'TION. k&n-ser-ta'-shfin. n. s. [concer- 
tatio, Lat.] Strife ; contention. Life of Firmin. 



CONCE'RTATIVE, k&n-ser'-ta-uV. a. Contentious; 

Suarrelsome. Diet. 
)NCERTO*, kdn-seV-t6. n. s. [Ital.] A piece of 

musick composed for a concert. Mason. 
CONCESSION §, kon-ses'-shun. n.s. [concessio, Lat.J 

Granting or yielding. Hale. A grant; the thing 

yielded. K. Charles. 
CONCESSIONARY, k&n-seV-sh&n-ar-e. a. Given 

by indulgence or allowance. 
CONCE'SSIVE*, k&n-ses'-slv. a. Implying conces 

sion. Lowth. 
CONCE'SSIVELY, kon-seV-sk-le. ad. By way ot 

concession. Brown. 
COJSICE'TTO*, kon-seV-t6. n. s. [Ital.] False con 

ceit ; affected wit. Slmistone. 
CONCH §, kongk. 408. n. s. [concha, Lat.] A shell. 

Dryden. 
CONCHITE*, kon'-ldt. n. s. A sort of petrified shell. 

Bp. Nicolson. 
CONCHOTD, kong'-kold. n. s. [conchoide, Fr.] The 

name of a curve. 
CONCIE'RGE*, kon-seerje'. [Fr.] n. s. The keeper 

of a palace ; a house-keeper. 
CONCTLIABLE^kon-sft'-e-a-bl. n. s. [conciliabule, 

old Fr.] A small assembly. Bacon. Ob. T. 
CONCFLIAR, kon-su'-yar. a. Relating to a 

council. Baker. 
To CONCILIATES, kon-sfl'-yate. 91, 113. v. a. 

[concilio, Lat.] To gain ; to win ; to reconcile. 

Brown. 
CONCILIATION, kdn-su-e-a'-shun. n. s. The act 



of gaining or reconciling. Bale. 
' * lift ' ' 



One that 



CONCILIATOR, kon-sll-e-a'-t&r. n. 

makes peace. 
CONCPLIATORY, kon-slF-e-a-tur-e. [See Do- 

mestick.] a. Tending to reconciliation. Burke. 
QCf' Mr. Sheridan places the accent upon the a in this 
word, but all our other orthoe'pists place it, more proper- 
ly, upon the second syllable. 512. fV. 
To CONCINNATE*. kon-sm'-nate. v. a. To make 

fit. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
CONCINNITY, kon-sln'-ne-te. n.s. Decency; fit- 
ness. Peacham. 
CONCINNOUS §, kon-sin'-nfis. a. [concinnus, Lat.] 

Becoming; pleasant; agreeable. 
CONCIONATOR*, kon'-sh&n-a-tur. n. s. [Lat.] A 

preacher. Cockeram. 
CONCIONATOR Y, kon'-shun-a-tur-e. a. Used at 

preachings or publick assemblies. Howell. 
CONCI'SES, kon-slse'. a. [concisus, Lat.] Brief; 

short. B. Jonson. 
CONCFSELY, k&n-sW-le. ad. Briefly; shortly. 

Goodman. 
CONCPSENESS, kon-slse'-nes. n.s. Brevity. Dry- 
den. 
CONCPSION, kon-sW-zhun. n. s. [concisura, Lat.] 

Cutting off; excision. Philippians. 
CONCIT A'TION, kon-se-ta'-shun. n. s. [conciialio, 

Lat.] stirring up, or putting in motion. Broivn. 
To CONCI'TE §*, kon-slte'. v. a. [toncito, Lat.] To 

excite ; to provoke. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 
CONCLAMA'TION, kong-kla-ma'-sh&n. 408. n. s. 
[conclamatio, Lat.] An outcry or shout of many 
together. May. 
CONCLAVE, kang'-klave. 408. {See To Col- 
lect.] n.s. [conclave, Lat.] A private apartment ; 
an inner parlour. Diet. The room in which the 
cardinals meet ; or the assembly of the cardinals. 
Shak. A close assembly. P. Fletcher. 
To CONCLU'DE §, kon-klude'. v. a. [concludo, Lat.] 
To shut. Hooker. To include; to comprehend. 
Romans. To collect by ratiocination. Tillotson. 
To decide ; to determine. Dryden. To end ; to 
finish. SlwJcspeare. To oblige, as by the final de- 
termination. Bacon. 
To CONCLU'DE, k&n-klude'. v. n. To perform the 
last act of ratiocination ; to collect the consequence. 
Davies. • To settle opinion. Atterbury. Finally 
to determine. Shakspeare. To end. Dryden. 
CONCLU'DENCY, k&n-klu'-den-se. n. s. Conse- 
quence; logical deduction of reason. Hale. 
CONCLU'DENT.k&n-klu'-dent. a. Decisive. Bacon. 
218 



_ 



CON 



CON 



-n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tab, bull ;— fill ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. 



CONCLUDER*, k6n-khV-dar. n. s. One who de- 
termines or decides. Mountagu. 

CON CLU DING LY, k6n-khV-dIng-le. ad. Widi 
uncontrovertible evidence. Digbu. 

CONCLU SIBLE. kon-klu'-ze-bl. "439. a. Determi- 
nable. Hammond. 

CONCLUSION, kdn-klA'-zhfln. n.s. Determina- 
tion ; final decision. Hooker. The collection from 
propositions premised. Bacon. The close; the last 
result of deduction. Eccles. The event of experi- 
ments. Shak. The end. Howell. Silence; con- 
finement of the thoughts. Shakspeare. 

CONCLUSIONAL*, k6n-klu / -zhftn-aL a. Conclud- 
ing. Hooper. 

CONCLUSIVE, kon-khY-siv. 158,428. a. Decisive. 
King Charies. Regularlv consequential. Locke. 

CONCLUSIVELY, k6n-klu'-slv-le. ad. Decisively. 
Bacon. 

CONCLUSIVENESS, k6n-khV-siv-nes. n. s. Pow- 
er of determining the opinion ; regular consequence. 
Hale. 

To CONCOA'GULATE §, kong-ke-ag'-gtt-late. 
408. v. a. [con and coagulate.'] To curdle or con- 
geal one thing with another. Boyle. 

CONCOAGULATION, kong-kd-ag-gu-la'-shun. 
n.s. A coagulation of different bodies in one mass. 

To CONCOCT $, kon-kokt'. w. a. [concoquo, Lat.] 
To digest by the. stomach. Bacon. To purify or 
sublime bv heat. Thomson. To ripen. Bacon. 

CONCOCT ION, k6n-kok'-shun. n. s. Digestion in 
the stomach ; maturation by heat. Bacon. 

CONCOCTIVE* kon-kok'-dv. a. Digesting by the 
stomach. Milton. 

CONCOLOUR, k5n-kul / -lur. a. [concolor, Lat.] Of 
one colour. Brown. 

CONCO'MITANCE, kon-kom'-e-tanse. )n.s. Sub- 

CONCO'MITANCY, kon-kom'-e-tan-se. > sistence 
together with another thing. Brown. 

CONCOMITANT §, kon-kom'-e-tant. a. [concomi- 
farts, Lat.] Conjoined with; concurrent with. Bacon. 

CONCO'MITANT, kon-kom'-e-tant. n. s. Compan- 
ion ; person or thing collaterally connected. Ba- 
con. 

CONCOMITANTLY, k&n-k6m'-e-tant-le. ad. In 

companv with others. Pearson. 
To CONCO'MITATE, kdn-k&m'-e-tate. v. a. To 
be collaterally connected with anv thing. Harvey. 

CONCORD §, kong'-kurd. 408. n. s. [concordia, 
Lat.] Agreement ; peace ; union. Sfwk. A com- 
pact. Davies. Harmony. Sluzk. Principal gram- 
matical relation of one word to another, distinct 
from regimen. Locke. 
To CONCORD*, kon-kord'. v. n. To agree. Lord 
Clarendon. 

CONCORDANCE, k6n-k6r'-danse. 496. n.s. A- 
greement. A book which shows in how many 
texts of scripture any word occurs. Smith. A con- 
cord in grammar. Ascham. 
55= Johnson, Sl»eridan, Ash, Scott, Nares, Perry, Bailey, 
Entick, W. Johnston, Buchanan, and Kenrick, all con- 
cur in placing the accent on the second syllable of this 
word in both its senses ; and every plea of distinction 
is trifling against all these authorities, and the dis- 
cordance of the accent on the first syllable. See To 
Bowl. W. 

CONCORDANCE*, kon-kcV-dan-se. n. s. Agree- 
ment. W. Mountain. 

CONCORDANT, k6n-kqV-dant. a. Agreeable; 
agreeing. Brown. 

CONCO'RDANT*, k6n-k6V-dant. n. s. That which 
is correspondent, or agreeing with. Mountagu. 

CONCORD ANTLY* kon-kSr'-dant-le. ad. In con- 
junction. W. Mountagu. 

CONCORD ATE, k6n-kcV-date. 91. n.s. A com- 
pact ; a convention. Swift. 

CONCORPORAL, kon-Br'-po-ral. a. Of the same 
bod v. Diet. 

To CONCORPORATE §, kon-kcV-p6-rate. 91. v. a. 
[con and corpus.] To unite in one mass. Abp. 
Uslier. 

To CONCORPORATE, k6n-kcV-po-rate. v. n. To 
unite into one body. Bp. Hopkins. 



CONCORPORA'TION, k&n-kor-p6-ra'-shun. n. s. 

Union in one mass. Diet. 
CONCOURSE, k6ng'-k6rse. 408. n. s. [concursus, 
Lat.] Confluence to one place. B. Jonson. Per- 
sons assembled. Dryden. The point of junction or 
intersection of two bodies. Concurrence; agree- 
ment. Ntncton. 
To CONCREA'TE*, kong-kre-ate'. v. a. [con and 

creo.] To create at the same time. Feltham. 
To CONCRE'DIT*, k&n-kred'-it. v. a. To intrust. 

Barroir. 
CONCREMA'TION, kdng-kre-ma'-sh&n. n. s. [con- 
cremo, Lat.] Burning many things together. Diet. 
CONCREMENT, kong'-kre-ment. 408. n. s. The 

mass formed by concretion. Hale. 
CONCRESCENCE, k&n-kres'-sense. n. s. Grow- 
ing bv the union of separate particles. Raleigh. 
To CONCRE'TE §, k6n-krete>. v. n. [concresco, Lat.] 

To coalesce into one mass. Woodward. 
To CONCRE'TE, kon-krete'. v. a. To form by con- 
cretion. Hale. 
CONCRETE, kon-krete'. [See Discrete.] 408. a. 
Formed by concretion. Burnet. [In logick.] Not 
abstract ; applied to a subject. Hooker. 
CONCRETE, kong'-krete. 408. n.s. A mass form- 
ed bv concretion. Bentley. 
CONCRETELY, kon-krete'-le. ad. In a manner 
including the subject with -the predicate ; not ab- 
stractedly. Norris. 
CONCRE'TENESS, kon-krete'-ngs. n. s. Coagula- 
tion. Diet. 
CONCRE'TION, kon-kre'-shun. n. s. The act of 
concreting. Hwris. The mass formed by a coali- 
tion of separate particles. Bacon. 
CO'NCRETIVE, kon-kre'-tlv. a. Coagulative. 

Brotcn. 
CONCRE'TURE, kon-krfe'-tshure. 461. n. s. A 

mass formed by coagulation. 
To CONCRE'W*, kon-kru'. v.n. To grow togeth- 
er. Spenser. Oh. T. 
CONCURINAGE, kon-ku'-be-naje. 91. n.s. The 
act of living with a woman not married. Broome. 
CONCURINATE* kon-ku'-be-nate. n. s. Whore- 
dom ; fornication. Bp. Taylor. 
CO'NCUBINE §, kong'-ku-bine. 408. n. s. [conculrina, 
Lat.] A woman kept in fornication ; a strumpet. Shak. 
ToCONCU'LCATE §, kon-kul'-kate. v. a. [conculco, 

Lat.] To tread under foot. Mountagu. 
CONCULCATION, kong-kul-ka'-shun. 408. n, s, 

Trampling with the feet. 
CONCURISCENCE, kon-ku'-pe-sense. 510. n.s. 
[concupiscentux, Lat.] Irregular desire; lust. 
Hooker. 
CONCUPISCENT $, k6n-ka'-pe-sent. a. Libidi- 
nous; lecherous. Shakspeare. 
CONCUPISCE'NTIAL, k6n-ku-pe-sen'-shal. a. Re- 
lating to concupiscence. 
CONCUPISCIBLE, k&n-kft'-pe-se-bl. a. Impress- 
ing desire; eager. Bryskett. 
To CONCURS, kon-ktV. 408. v. ri. [concurro, Lat.J 
To meet in one point. Temple. To agree. Swift. 
To be united with. South. To contribute with 
joint power. Collier. 
CONCURRENCE, kon-kiV-rense. ) n. s. Union • 
CONCURRENCY, k6n-kfir'-ren-se. \ association! 
Locke. Agreement. Hooker. Combination of many 
agents. Crashaiv. Assistance ; help. Rogers. Joint 
right; equal claim. Aylift'e. 
CONCURRENT, k6n-ku?-rent. a. Acting in con- 
junction. Davies. Conjoined; associate. Bacon. 
CONCURRENT, kdn-kiV-rent. n.s. A contribu- 
tory cause, Decay of Piety. Equal claim ; joint 
right. Carew. 
CONCURRENTLY*, kSn-kar'-rSnt-le. ad. In an 

agreeing manner. W. Mountagu. 
CONCUSS A'TION*, krm-kus-sa'-shun. n. s. A vio- 
lent agitation. Bp. Hall. 
CONCUSSED*, kbnA&si 1 . part. a. Shaken. Cocke- 

ram. 
CONCUSSIONS kon-kush'-tm. n.s. [concussio, 
Lat.] The act of shaking; agitation. Bacon. The 
slate of being shaken. Woodward. 
219 



CON 



CON 



[LT 559. — Fate, fir, fall, fat ; — me, m^t ; — pine, pm ; 



CONCLUSIVE, k&n-kfls'-siv. a. Having the power 

of shaking". 
To CONDEMNS, kon-dem'. v. a. [condemno, Lat.] 
To find guilty ; to doom to punishment. Sliak. To 
censure ; to blame. Shah. To fine. 2 Chron. To 
show guilt by contrast. Wisdom. 
CONDE'MNABLE, kSn-dem'-na-bl. a. Blamable; 

culpable. Brown. 
CONDEMNATION, kon-dem-na'-sh&n. n. s. The 
sentence by which any one is doomed to punish- 
ment. Romans. 
CONDEMNATORY, k&n-dem'-na-tur-e. 512. [See 
Domestick.] a. Passing a sentence of condem- 
nation, or of censure. Bp. Hall. 
CONDE'MNER.k&n-deW-nur. 411. n. s. Ablamer ; 

a censurer. Bale. 
CONDENSABLE, k&n-den'-sa-bl. a. That which is 

capable of condensation. 
To CONDENSATES, kon-deV-sate. 91. v.a. To 

condense ; to make thicker. Hammond. 
To CONDENSATE, k&n-deV-sate. v. n. To grow 

thicker. 
CONDENSATE, k&n-den'-sate. 91. a. Made thick; 

condensed. PeacJiam. 
CONDENSATION, kon-den-sa'-shun. n. s. The 

act of thickening any body. Raleigh. 
CONDENSATI VE*, k6n-den'-sa-uv. a. Having the 

power of condensating. 
To CONDENSER, kon-dense'. v. a. [condenso, Lat.] 
To make any body more thick, close, and weighty. 
B. Jonson. 
To CONDENSE, kon-deW. v.n. To grow close 

and weightv. Boyle. 
CONDENSE, k&n-dense'. a. Thick ; dense. 
CONDENSER, k&n-den'-sur, n. s. A strong metal- 
line vessel to crowd the air into a given space. 
Quincj. 
CONDENSITY, kSn-den'-se-te. n.s. Condensation ; 

denseness. 
CONDERS, kon'-durz. n.s. [conduire, Ft.] Such as 
stand upon high places near the sea coast, at the 
time of herring-fishing, to make signs to the fishers 
which way the shoal passes. Coivel. 
CONDE8CENCE*, k6n-de-sense'. n. s. Descent 

from superiority. Pidkr. 
To CONDESCEND §, kon-de-send'. v.n, [con,de- 
scendo, Lat.] To depart voluntarily from the priv- 
ileges of superiority ; to sink willingly to equal 
terms with inferiours. Watts. To consent to do 
more than mere justice can require. Dnjden. To 
stoop ; to bend. Milton. To agree to, or concur 
with. Bacon. 
CONDESCENDENCE, k&n-de-sen'-dense. n. s. 
Voluntary submission to equality with inferiours. 
W. Mountagu. 
CONDESCENDING*, kdn-de-send'-lng. n.s. Vol- 
untary humiliation. Hammond. 
CONDESCENDINGLY, k&n-de-send'-ing-le. ad. 

?.;• wav of kind concession. More. 
CONDESCENSION. kon-de-sen'-shun. [See To 
Collect.] n. s. Voluntary humiliation ; descent 
from superiority. Tillotson. 
CONDESCENSIVE,kon-de-sen'-siv. a. Courteous ; 

not haughty. Barrow. 
CONDESCENT*, kSn-de-sent'. n. s. Accordance ; 

submission ; condescension. Bp. Hall. 
CONDFGNS, kon-dlne'. 385. a. [condignus, Lat.] 
Worthy of a person ; suitable ; deserved ; merited. 
Sir T. Elyot. 
CONDFGNLTY* k6n-d!g'-ne-te. n. s. Merit 5 desert. 

Mountagu. 
CONDI'GNLY, k&n-dlne'-le, ad. Deservedly; ac- 
cording to merit. Knight. 
CONDFGNNESS, k&n-dlne'-ncs. n. s. Suitableness 

to deserts. Diet. 
CONDIMENT, kon'-de-ment. n.s. [condimentum, 

Lat.] Seasoning; sauce. Bacon. 
CONDTSCFPLE, k&n-dfe-si'-pl. n. s. [condiscipu- 
lus, Lat.] A schoolfellow, or fellow disciple. Mar- 
tin. 
To CONDITE §, kdn-dhe'. r. a. [condio, Lat.] To 
pickle ; to preserve. Bp> Taylor. 



CONDITE* kdn'-dh. a. Preserved; conserved 

Burton. 
CONDITEMENT, k&n'-dlt-ment. n.s. A composi 
tion of conserves, in the form of an electuary. 
Diet. 
CONDITING* kon'-de-tfng. n. s. Preserving. Grew 
CONDITIONS, kon-dlsh'-un. n. s. [conditio, Lat. 1 
Quality ; that by which any thing is denominated 
good or bad. Shak. Attribute; accident; proper- 
ty. Sbak. Natural quality of the mind ; temper. 
Spenser. Moral quality ; virtue or vice. Raleigh. 
State ; external circumstances. Shak. Rank. Shak 
Stipulation ; terms of compact. Clarendon. The 
writing of agreement ; compact; bond. Shak. 
To CONDITION, k6n-dish / -un. v.n. To make 

terms ; to stipulate. B. Jonson. 
To CONDITION*, kdn-dlsh'-un. v. a. To contract ; 

to stipulate. Raleigh. 
CONDITIONAL, kon-dlsh'-un-al. a. By way of 
stipulation; not absolute. Hooker. [In grammar 
and logick.] Expressing some condition or suppo- 
sition. Lowth. 
CONDITIONAL, k6n-d?sh'-un-al. n.s. A limitation. 

Bacon. 
CONDITIONA'LITY, kSn-dfsh-e-o-naF-e-te. n. s. 

Limitation by certain terms. Decay 0/ Piety. 
CONDITIONALLY, k6n-dish / -un-al-e. ad. With 

certain limitations. Sliakspeare. 
CONDITIONARY, k&n-dish'-un-a-re. a. Stipu- 
lated. Norris. 
To CONDITIONATE, k&n-dlsh'-un-ate. v. a. To 

qualify; to regulate. Broum. 
CONDITIONATE, k&n-dlsh'-un-ate. a. Establish- 
ed on certain terms. Hammond. 
CONDITIONED, k&n-dlsh'-tind. a. Having quali- 
ties or properties good or bad. Shakspeare. 
CONDITIONLY*, k&n-dish'-fin-le. ad. On particu- 
lar terms. Sidney. 
To CONDO'LE §, k&n-d&le'. v. n. [condoleo, Lat.] 
To lament with those that are in misfortune. 
Temple. 
To CONDO'LE, k&n-d&le'. v.a. To bewail with 

another. Milton. 
CONDO'LEMENT, k&n-d&le'-ment. n.s. Grief; 

sorrow ; lamentation with others. Milton. 
CONDOLENCE, k&n-d&'-lense. n.s. Expression 

of grief for the sorrows of another. Arhuthnot. 
CONDO'LER, k&n-d&'-lur. n.s. One that condoles. 
CONDOLING* k&n-d&'-llng. n.s. Expression of 

condolence. Bp. Hall. 
CONDONATION, k&n-d&-na'-shfln. n.s. [condona 

tio, Lat.] Pardoning ; forgiving. Mountagu. 
To CONDU'CE §, k&n-d&se'. v. n. [conduco, Lat. 

To promote an end ; to contribute. Bacon. 
To CONDU'CE, k&n-duse'. v.a. To conduct; to 

accompany in the way. Wotton. 
CQNDU'CEMENT* k&n-duse'-m&it. n. s. Tenden 

cy. Gregory. 
CONDU'CENT*, k&n-du'-sent. a. That whicii may 

contribute. Abp. Laud. 
CONDU'CIBLE, k&n-du'-se-bl. a. Having the 

power of conducing. Bacon. 
CONDU'CIBLENESS, kon-du'-se-bl-ngs. n. s. The 

quality of contributing to any end. More. 
CONDU'CIBLY*, kfin-da'-se-ble. ad. In a manner 

promoting an end. 
CONDU'CIVE, k&n-du'-sly. a. That which may 

forward or promote. Addison. 
CQNDU'CIVENESS, kon-diV-slv-nes. n. s. The 

quality of conducing. Boyle. 
CONDUCT §, k&n'-dukt. 492. n. s. [con and ductus, 
Lat.] Management.; economy. Bacon. The act 
of leading troops. Waller. Convoy; escort. Shak. 
The act of convoying or guarding. Shak. Exact 
behaviour ; regular life. Swift. Guide ; conductor. 
Shakspeare. 
To CONDU'CT, k&n-d5kt'. v. a. To lead ; to direct. 
Milton. To usher, and attend in civility. Shak. 
To manage ; as, to conduct an affair. Ld. Lyttelton. 
To head an army. Robertson. 
CONDUCTION* k&n-duk'-shun. n.s. The act of 
training up. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
v 220 



- 



CON 



CON 



— n6, mflve, nfir, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pdund ;— thin, mis. 



CONDUCT1TIOUS, kon-duk-tish'-us. a. [conduc- 
litius, Lat.] Hired ; employed for wages. Ayli/fe. 
CONDUCTOR, kdn-dul/-tur. 418. n. s A leader. 
Beaum. and Fl. A chief; a general. Shak. A 
manager ; a director. Addison. An instrument to 
direct the knife in cutting for the stone. Quincy. 
[In electricity.] Those substances which are capa- 
ble of receiving and transmitting the electrick vir- 
tue. Chambers. 
CONDUCTRESS, kdn-duk'-trgs. n. s. A woman 

that directs; directress. 
CONDUIT, kun'-dlt. 165, 341. n. s. [conduit, Fr.] 
A canal of pipes for the conveyance of waters; an 
aqueduct. Darks. The pipe or cock at which wa- 
ter is drawn. Shakspeare. 
ToCONDUTLICATES*, kdn-du'-ple-kate. v. a. 
[conduplico, Lat.l To double. Cockeram. 

CONDUPLICA'TION, k6n-du-ple-k;V-shun. n. s. 
A doubling; a duplicate. 

CONDYLE*, kon'-dil. n. s. [k6vS»\os.] [In anato- 
my.] A small protuberance at the extremity of a 
bone. 

CONE§, k6ne. n. s. [kuvos.] A solid body, of which 
the base is a circle, and which ends in a point. 
Milton. The fruit of the fir-tree. Erelyn. A straw- 
berrv so called. 

CONEY. See Con v. 

To CONFABULATE §, kon-fab'-u-late. v.n. [con- 
fabido, Lat.] To talk easily or carelessly together ; 
to chat. Bullokar. 

CONFABULA'TION, kon-fab-u-la'-shun. n. s. 
Cheerful and careless talk. Burton. 

CONFA'BULATORY, kon-fdb'-u-la-tur-e. 512. 
[See Domestick.] a. Belonging to talk or prat- 
tle, or in the way of dialogue. Weever. 

CONFAMI'LIAR*, kon-fa-mil'-yar. a. [con and fa- 
miliar.] Intimate ; closely connected. Glanville. 

CONFARREA'TION, kon-far-rM'-shun. n.s. [con- 
farrealio, Lat.] The solemnization of marriage by 
eating bread or a cake together. Ayliffe. 

CONFA'TED*, k6n-fa-ted. a. [con and fate.-] De- 
creed or determined at the same lime. Search. 

ToCO'NFECT§, kon-fekt'. v. a. [confectus, Lat.] To 
make up into sweetmeats. Browne. To compose ; 
to form. Sir T. Herbert. 

CONFECT, kon'-fSkt. 432. n. s. A sweetmeat. 

CONFECTION, k&n-feV-shfin. n. s. A preparation 
of fruit, with sugar; a sweetmeat. Shakspeare. An 
assemblage of different ingredients. Bacon. 

CONFECTIONARY, kon-fek'-sh&n-a-re. n. s. One 
whose trade is to make sweetmeats. 1 Samuel. A 
preparation of sweetmeats. Warton. 

CONFECTIONER, kon-fek'-shfin-ur. n.s. One 
whose trade is to make confections or sweetmeats. 
Boyle. 

CO'NFECTORY*, k6n / -fek-tur-e. a. Relating to the 
art of making confects. Beaumont. 

CONFEDERACY, kon-fed'-er-a-se. n. s. [confede- 
ration, Fr. fcedus, Lat.] A league ; a contract by 
which several persons engage to support each 
other; federal compact. Shakspeare. 

^CONFEDERATES, kon-fed'-^r-ate. 91. v. a. 
To join in a league. Knolles. 

To CONFEDERATE, kon-fed'-er-ate. v. n. To 
league ; to unite in a league. Shakspeare. 

CONFE'DERATE, kon-fed'-er-ate. 91. a. United in 
league. Psalm, lxxxiii. 

CONFE'DERATE*, kon-fed'-er-ate. n. s. One who 
engages to support another j an ally. Sliakspeare. 

CONFE'DERATING* kon-fed'-er-a-lmg. n. s. Al- 
liance. Atlerbury. 

CONFEDERATION, k&n-fed-er-a'-shun. n. s. 
League ; alliance. Bacon. 

To CONFE'R $, kdn-fer'. v. n. [confero, Lat.] To 
discourse with another upon a stated subject ; to 
converse solemnly. Sliakspeare. 

To CONFE'R. k6n-fer / . v. a. To compare. Raleigh. 
To give; to bestow. Waller. To contribute; to 
conduce. Glanville. 

CONFERENCE, k&n'-fer-ense. 533. n. s. Formal 
discourse. Sidney. An appointed meeting for per- 
sonal debate. Comparison. Hooker. 



CONFE'RRER, k&n-fer'-fir. n. s. He that converses 
He that bestows. 

CONFERRING*, k6n-fer'-fng. n. s. Comparison ; 
examination. Bp. Hall. Bestowing. Clarendon. 

CONFE RVA*, kon-hV-va. n. *. [In botany.] Hair- 
weed. 

To CONFESS §, kon-fes'. v. a. [confiteor, confessum, 
Lat.l To acknowledge a crime ; to own a failure. 
Sliak. To disclose the stale of the conscience to 
the priest. Wake. To hear the confession of a 
penitent, as a priest. To own ; to avow. St. Matt. 
To grant ; not to dispute. Shak. To show ; to prove • 
to attest. Pope. 

To CONFESS, kon-fes'. v.n. To make confession; 
to disclose; to reveal. 

CO'NFESSARY*, kon'-fes-sa-re. n. s. One who 
makes a confession. Bp. Hail. 

CONFESSEDLY, kon-feV-sed-le. 364. ad. Avow- 
edly; indisputably. South. 

CONFESSION, k6n-fesh / -fin. n. s. The acknowl- 
edgement of a crime. Temple. The act of dis- 
burdening the conscience to a priest. Wake. Pro- 
fession ; avowal. 1 Tim. A formulary in which 
the articles of faith are comprised. Pearson. 

CONFESSIONAL, kon-fesh'-fin-al. ji, s. The seat 
or box in which the confessor sits to hear the dec- 
larations of his penitents. Addison. 

CONFESSIONARY, kin-feW-un-a-re. n. s. The 
same with confessional. Diet. 

CONFESSION ARY*, kon-fesh'-un-a-re.a. Belong- 
ing to auricular confession. Cotsrrare. 

CONFESSIONIST*. kon-fesh'-un-fo. n.s. He who 
makes profession of faith. Mountagu. 

CONFESSOR, kon'-fes-sur. n. s. One who makes 
profession of his faith in the face of danger. Bacon. 
He that hears confessions, and prescribes rules of 
penitence. Shak. He who confesses his crimes. Diet. 

Q^= Dr. Kenrick says, this word is sometimes, but im- 
properly, accented on the first syllable ; but it may be 
observed, that this impropriety is become so universal, 
that not one, who has the least pretension to politeness, 
dares to pronounce it otherwise. It is, indeed, to be re- 
gretted, that we are so fond of Latin originals as entire- 
ly to neglect our own ; for this word can now have the 
accent on the second syllable, only when it means one 
who confesses his crimes ; a sense in which it is scarcely 
ever used. Mr. Sheridan and Entick have the accent on 
the fir^t syllable of this word; Mr. Scott on the first and 
second ; Dr. Johnson, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, W. John- 
ston, Ash, Bailey, and Smith, qn the second : but, not- 
withstanding this weight of authority, the best usage is 
certainly on the other side. W. 

CONFEST, kdn-fesl'. a. [A poetical word for con- 
fessed.'] Open ; known ; acknowledged. Rowe. 

.95° Dr. Kenrick tells us, that this is a poetical word for 
confessed •. and, indeed, we frequently find it so written 
by Pope, and others : 
" This clue, thu3 found, unravels all the rest; 
" The prospect clears, and Clodio stands contest." 
But that this is a mere compliance with the prejudices 
of the eye, and that there is not the least necessity for 
departing from the common spelling, see Principles of 
English Pronunciation, No. 360. W. 

CONFESTLY, kon-fesl'-le. 364. ad. Undisputably 
Decay of Piety. 

g^p Properly, confessedly. W. 

CONFICIENT, kon-fish'-ent. a. [conficiens, Lat.) 
That causes or procures. Diet. 

CONFTDANT, kon-fe-dant'. n. s. A person trusted 
with private affairs. Arbuthnot. 

$5= This word, very unlike most others from the same- 
source, has been made to alter its French orthography, 
in order to approach a little nearer to the English pro- 
nunciation of it. Some affected speakers on the stage- 
pronounce the first syllable like cone, as it is marked in 
the first edition of Mr. Sheridan's dictionary ; and this is 
perfectly of a piece with the affectation which has al- 
tered the spelling of the last. By Dryden and South, as 
quoted by Dr. Johnson, we find this word spelled like 
the adjective confident ; and it is more than probable 
that its French pronunciation is but of late date ; but, so 
universal is its use at present, that a greater mark of 
rusticity cannot be given than to place the accent on 
the first syllable, and to pronounce the last dext instead 
of dant. W. 

221 



CON 



CON 



U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pfa ;- 



ToCONFFDE§, kon-flde' 



[confido, Lat.] To 



trust in. Congreve. 
To CONFFDE* kon-flde'. v. a. To trust. LytteUori. 

CONFIDENCE, kdn'-fe-dense. n. s. Firm belief} 
reliance. South. Security; opposed to timidity. 
Shak. Vitious boldness; opposed to rrwcksty. Hooker. 
Consciousness of innocence; honest boldness. Uohn. 

CONFIDENT,' k&n'-fe-dent. a. Assured beyond 
doubt. Hammond. Positive ; dogmatical. Secure 
of success. Sidney. Without suspicion ; trusting 
without limits. Slink. Bold, to a vice; impudent. 

CONFIDENT, kon'-fe-dent. [See Confidant.] 
n. s. One trusted with secrets. South. 

CONFIDENTIAL* kon-fe-den'-shal. a. Spoken or 
written in confidence. Lord Chesterfield. 

CONFIDENTIALLY!, kon-fe-den'-shal-le. ad. In a 
confidential manner. 

CONFIDENTLY, kon'-fe-dent-le. a. Without doubt 
or fear of miscarriage. Shak. With firm trust. 
Dryden. Without appearance of doubt ; positive- 
ly St. Luke. 

CdNFIDENTNESS, k6n / -fe-dent-nes. n. s. Favour- 
able opinion of one's own powers ; assurance. Diet. 

COXFFDER* kon-fl'-dur. n. s. One who trusts. W. 
Mourdagu. 

To CONFFGURATE^, kon-fig'-u-rate. v.n. [con, 
and figura, Lat.] To show like the aspects of the 
planets towards each other. Jordan. 

CONFIGURATION, kon-fig-u-ra'-shun. n.s. The 
form of the various parts of any thing, as they are 
adapted to each other. Glanville. The face of the 
horoscope, according to the aspects of the planets 
towards each other at any time. Brown. 

To CONFFGURE, kdn-flg'-ure. v. a. To dispose 
into anv form. Bentley. 

CONFINABLE* kon-flne'-a-bl. a. That which may 
be limited. Bp. Hall. 

CONFINE §, kon'-f foe. 140, 492. n. s. [confinis, Lat.] 
Common boundary; border; edge. Shakspeare. 

§£y* Dr. Johnson tells us, that the substantive confine was 
formerly pronounced with the accent on the last sylla- 
ble. The examples, however, which he gives us from 
the poets, prove only that it was accented both ways. 
But, indeed, it is highly probable that this was the case ; 
for instances are numerous of the propensity of latter 
pronunciation to place the accent higher than former- 
ly ; and when, by this accentuation, a noun is distin- 
guished from a verb, it is supposed to have its' use. — 
Sc£ Bowl. W. 

CONFINE, kon'-flne. a. Bordering upon. 

To CONFINE, k6n-fW. v. n. To border upon. Mil. 

To CONFINE, kon-flne'. v. a. To bound ; to limit. 
To shut up ; to imprison. Sluxk. To restrain ; to 
tie up to. Brown. 

CONFFNELESS, k6n-flneMes. a. Boundless; with- 
out end. Shakspeare. 

CONFINEMENT, kon-ffoe'-ment. n. s. Imprison- 
ment; restraint of liberty. Dryden. 

CONFFNER, kon-fi'-nur. n. s. A borderer. ShaJc. 
A near neighbour. Wotton. One which touches 
upon two different regions. Bacon. That which 
restrains liberty. Whitlock. 

CONFFNITY, kon-fln'-e-te. n. s. Nearness ; neigh- 
bourhood. Diet. 
To CONFFRM §, k&n-fW. 108. v. a. [conjirmo, Lat.] 
To put past doubt by new evidence. 1 Cor. To 
settle ; to establish. 1 Mace. To fix ; to radicate. 
Wiseman. To complete ; to perfect. Sliak. To 
strengthen by new solemnities or ties. Swift. To 
strengthen in resolution. Milton. To admit to the 
full privileges of a Christian, by imposition of hands. 
Hammond. 
CONFFRM ABLE, kon-feV-ma-bl. a. Capable of 

incontestable evidence. Brown. 
CONFIRMATION, kon-fer-ma'-shun. n. s. The act 
of establishing ; settlement. Sliak. Evidence; ad- 
ditional proof Shak. Proof; convincing testimo- 
ny. Brown. An ecclesiastical rite. Hammond. 
CONFFRMATPVE*, kon-fi¥-ma-t?v. 'a. Having 

power to confirm. Sherwood. 
CONFIRM ATOR, kon-filr-ma'-t&r. n.s. An attes- 
tor ; that puts a matter past doubt. Broivn. 
CONFIRMATORY, k6n-ferm / -a-t&r-e. 512. [See 



Domestick.] a. Giving additional testimony. Bp 
Barlow. Relating to the rite of confirmation. Bp 
Compton. 

CONFFRMEDNESS, kdn-fernV-ed-ness. n. s. Con- 
firmed state. Decay of Piety. 

QCr' This word ought to be added to those taken notice 
of Principles No. 365. W. 

CONFFRMER, k&n-ferm'-fir. n. s. One that con- 
firms, or produces evidence or strength. Shak. 

CONFFRMINGLY*, k&n-ferm'-lng-le. ad. In a cor- 
roborative manner. B. Jonson. 

CONFFSCABLE, k6n-f1s'-ka-bl. a. Liable to for- 
feiture. 

To CONFISCATES, k&n-fls'-kate. v. a. [conf scare, 
from fiscus.~] To transfer private property to the 
prince or publick, by way of penalty for an of- 
fence. Bacon. 

CONFISCATE, k&n-fls'-kate. a. Transferred to the 
publick as forfeit. SJiakspeare. 

£3= Dr. Kenrick blames Dr. Johnson for accenting this 
word on the second syllable, when the example he 
brings from Shakspeare accents it on the first ; but it 
may be observed, that, as the verb ought to have the ac- 
cent on the second syllable, the adjective, which is de- 
rived from it, ought to have the accent on the same syl- 
lable likewise ; and the example from Shakspeare must 
be looked upon as a poetical license. TV. 

CONFISCATION, kon-fls-ka'-shun. n.s. Transfer- 
ring the forfeited goods of criminals to publick use. 
Ezra. 

CONFISCATORY kon'-fls-ka-t&r. n. s. One who 
is concerned in confiscated property. Burke. 

CONFISCATORY*, kon-fis'-ka-tfir-e. a. Consign- 
ing to forfeiture. Burke. 

CONFIT*, kon'-flt. n. s. [confetto, Ital.] Any sweet- 
meat or confection. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

CONFITENT, k&n'-fe-tent. n. s. [confitens, Lat.] 
One who confesses his faults. Decay of Piety. 

CONFITURE, kon'-fe-tshure. 461. n. s. [Fr.] A 
sweetmeat ; a comfit. Bacon. 

ToCONFFXS, kon-flks'. v. a. [confgo, confixvm, 
Lat.] To fix down ; to fasten. Shakspeare. 

CONFFXURE*, kon-ffks'-ure. n.s. The act of fas- 
tening. W. Mountagu. 

CONFLA'GRANT §, k&n-fla'-grant. a. [confagrans 
Lat.] Burning together; involved in a general fire. 
Milton. 

CONFLAGRATION, k&n-fla-gra'-shfin. n.s. A 

General fire. Brown. It is generally taken for the 
re which shall consume this world at the consum- 
mation of things. 

CONFLATION, kon-fla'-shfin. n. s. [conflatum, Lat.] 
The act of blowing many instruments together. Ba- 
con. Castingor melting of metal. 

CQNFLEXURE, kon-flek'-shure. 452. n.s. [con- 
flexura, Lat.] A bending or turning. 

To CONFLFCT §, k&n-fllkt'. v. n. [configo, Lat.] 
To strive; to contest; to fight. Shakspeare. 

CONFLICT, kon'-fllkt. 492. n. s. A violent collision 
of two substances. Boyle. A combat. Spenser. 
Contest; strife. ShaJc. Struggle; agony; pang. 
Hooker. 

CONFLUENCE, kon'-fiu-ense. n. s. The junction 
or union of several streams. Raleigh. The act of 
crowding to a place. Shak. A concourse. Temple 
Collection ; concurrence. Boyle. 

CONFLUENTS, kon'-fiu-ent. a. [confuens, Lat.] 
Running one into another ; meeting. Blackmoi-e. 

CONFLUX, kon'-fluks. n.s. The union of several 
currents. SJiakspeare. Crowd. Milton. 

CONFORM, k&n-form'. a. Assuming the same form. 
Bacon. 

To CONFORMS, k&n-form'. v. a. [conformo, Lat.j 
To reduce to the like appearance, shape, or man- 
ner. Sidney. 

To CONFORM, ken-form', v. n. To comply with ; 
to yield. Dryden. 

CONFORMABLE, k&n-fiV-ma-bl. a. Having the 
same form. Hooker. Agreeable ; suitable ; con 
sistent. Addison. Compliant ; ready to follow di- 
rections. Shakspeare. 

CONFORMABLY, k&n-f&r'-ma-ble. ad. With con- 
formitv; agreeably; suitablv. Locke. 
222 



CON 



CON 



-116, move, n6r. not 3— tube, tub, bujl ;— oil ;— pdiind ;— th'm, THis. 



CONFORMATION, kftn-fOr-ma'-shnn. n. s. The 
form of things as relating to each other. Holder. 
Producing suitableness, or conformity. TV \itts. 

CONFORMER*, k6n-f6rm'-ur. n.s. One that con- 
forms to an established doctrine. Mountain. 

CONFORMIST, kon-for'-mist. n. s. One that com- 
plies with the worship of the church of England. 
Scott. One who submits or yields. 

CONFORMITY, kdn-ftV-me-te. n. s. Similitude ; 
resemblance. Hooker. Consistency. Arbuthnot. 

CONFORTATION, kdn-(Or-uV-shun. n. s. [conforto, 
low Lat.JCollation of strength} corroboration. Bacon. 

To CONFO UND $, k&n-found'. v.a. [confundo, Lat.] 
To mingle things so that their several forms can- 
not be discerned. Gen. To perplex 5 to compare 
without due distinction. Boyle. To disturb the ap- 
prehension by indistinct words or notions. Locke. 
To throw into consternation 5 to astonish ; to stupify. 
Milton. To destrov } to overthrow. Sliakspeare. 

CONFOUNDED, k'dn-foun'-ded. fart. a. Hateful ; 
detestable ; enormous : a cant word. Grew. 

CONFOUNDEDLY, kon-fdun'-ded-le. ad. Hate- 
fully} shamefully : a low word. Addison. 

CONFO CNDEDNESS*, kon-fotW-ded-nes. re. s. 
State of being confounded. Milton. 

CONFO UNDER, k6n-fdun / -dur. n. s. He who dis- 
turbs, perplexes, terrifies, or destroys. B. Jonson. 
He who mentions things without due distinction. 
Dean Martin. 

CONFRATERNITY, kon-fra-teV-ne-te. n. s. [con 
and frafernitas, Lat.] A brotherhood } a body of 
men united for some purpose. Stilfoia fleet. 

CONFRFER*, kon-frl'-ur. re. s. {confrere, Fr.] One 
of the same religious order. Weever. 

CONFRICA'TION, kon-fre-ka'-slmn. n. s. [con and 
frico, Lat.] The act of rubbing against any thing. 
Bacon. 

To CONFRONT §, k&n-front'. v. a. [confronter, Fr.] 
To stand against another in full view ; to face. 
Dryden. To stand face to face, in opposition. 
Hooker. To oppose one evidence to another in 
court. Sidney. To compare one thing with anoth- 
er. Addison. 

T^j= In colloquial pronunciation this word has its last 
syllable sounded like the last of affront, but the second 
syllable of confrontation ought never to be so pronoun- 
ced. W. 

CONFRONTATION, k&n-fron-uV-shun. re. s. [Fr.] 
The act of bringing two evidences face to face. Swin. 

To CONFU'SE §, kon-fuze'. v.a, [confusus, Lat.] To 
disorder ; to disperse irregularly. Milton. To mix, 
not separate. Milton. To perplex, not distinguish. 
Watts. To hurry the mind. Pope. 

CONFU'SE*, k&n-luse'. a. Mixed; confounded. Bar- 
ret. 

CONFUSEDLY, kon-fiY-zed-le. 364. a. In a mixed 
mass. Raleigh. Indistinctly. Denham. Not clear- 
ly; not plainly. Clarendon. Tumultously } hasti- 
ly ; not deliberately. Dryden. 

CONFU'SEDNESS, kon-fiV-zed-nes. 365. re. s. Want 
of distinctness. Carew. 

CONFU'SELY*, kon-fuse'-le. ad. Obscurely. Barret. 

CONFU'SION, k&n-fiV-zhnn. n.s. Irregular mix- 
ture. Daries. Tumult; disorder. Hooker. Indis- 
tinct combination. Locke. Overthrow; destruction. 
Shak. Astonishment; distraction of mind. Spectator. 

CONFUTABLE, kon-fiV-ta-bl. a. Possible to be 
disproved. Brown. 

CO'NFUTANT*, kon'-fii-tant. re. s. One who un- 
dertakes to confute another. Milton. 

CONFUTATION, k&n-fu-uV-shun. n. s. The act of 
confuting ; disproof. Hudibras. 

To CONFUTE §, kon-fute'. v. a. [confuto, Lat.] To 
cojavict of errour. or falsehood ; to disprove. Huaibr. 

CONFUTEMENT* kon-fute'-ment. n.s. Disproof. 
Milton. 

CONFUTER*, kon-fiV-tur. n. s. One who convicts 
another of mistake. Bp. Morton. 

CONGE §, Lor CONGEEf,] k6n-jee'. re. s. [conge 1 , 
Fr. Our word is often written congie.] Act of rever- 
ence ; bow ; courtesy. Burton. Leave ; farewell. 
Spenser. 



To CONGE, [or CONGEEf,] kdn-jee 7 . v. n. To take 
leave. Sliakspeare. 

CVNGED'ELIRE, k&n-je-de-leer'. [Fr.] The 
king's permission royal to a dean and chapter, to 
choose a bishop. Cowel 

CO'NGE, k6n'-je. re. s. A moulding in form of a 
quarter round, or a cavetto. Chambers. 

To CONGEALS, k6n-jeel'. v. a. [congeb, Lat.] To 
turn, by frost, from a fluid to a solid state. Spenser. 
To bind or fix, as by cold. Sliakspeare. 

To CONGE'AL, 'kon-jeel'. v. re. To concrete 5 to 
gather into a mass by cold. Bacon. 

CONCEALMENT, kon-ieel'-ment. re. *. The clot 
formed by congelation. Sliakspeare. 

CONGE'LABLE, [or CONGEALABLEf,] kon- 
jeel'-a-bl. a. Susceptible of congelation. Bacon. 

CONGELATION, kon-je-la'-sh&n. n.s. Act of turn- 
ing fluids to solids, by cold. Arbuthnot. State of 
being congealed. Broun. 

CON GEMINATION*, kon-jem-e-na'-shun.re.s. [old 
Fr.] A doubling, or often repeating. Cotgrave. 

CONGENER, k6n / -je-nur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] Of the 
same kind or nature. Miller. 

CONGE'NERACY*, kon-jen'-er-ra-se. re.*. Similar- 
ity of origin. More. 

CONGENEROUS, kon-jen'-er-rus. a. Of the same 
, kind. Brown. 

CONGE'NEROUSNESS, k6n-j£n'-er-rfis-nes. re. s. 
The quality of being from the same original. Diet. 

CONGE'NTAL^, kon-je'-ne-al. a. [con and genus, 
Lat.] Partaking of the same genius } kindred ; cog- 
nate. Wotton. 

CONGENIALITY, kon-je-ne-al'-e-te. re. s. Partici- 
pation of the same genius or nature. Wotton. 

CONGE'NIALNESS, kon-je'-ne-al-nes. re. s. Cog- 
nation. 

CONGE'JSIOUS* kon-je'-ne-us. a. Of the same kind. 
Hales. Ob. T. 

CONGE'NTTE, kon-jen'-nlt. 140, 154. a. Of the same 
birth ; born with another ; connate. Hale. 

CONGER, kong'-gur. 409. n.s. [congrus, Lat.] The 
sea-eel. Walton. 

CONGE'REES, kon-j^-re-ez, re. s. [Lat.] A mass of 
small bodies heaped up together. Peacham. 

To CONGE'ST §, kon-jest'. v. a. [congero, conges- 
tum, Lat.] To heap up ; to gather together. Ra- 
leigh. 

CONGE'STIBLE, kon-jest'-e-bl. a. That may be 
heaped up. Diet. 

CONGESTION, kon-jest'-yfin. 464. re. s. A collec- 
tion of matter, as in abscesses and tumours. Wise- 
man. A gathering together ; formation of a mass. 
Selden. 

CONGIARY, kon'-je-a-re. re. s. [congiarium, Lat.] 
A gift distributed to the Roman people or soldiery, 
originally in corn, afterward in money. Addison. 

To CONGLA'CIATE $, kon-gla'-she-ate. 461. v. re. 
[conglaciatus, Lat.] To turn to ice. Brown. 

CONGLACIATION, k&n-gla-she-a'-shun.4C8. re. tr. 
The state of being changed into ice. Brown. 

To CO'NGLOBATE§,k&n-gl6'-bate. v.a. [conglo- 
batus, Lat.] To gather into a hard, firm ball. Grew. 

CO'NGLOBATE.k6n-gl6'-bate. 91. a. Moulded into 
a firm ball. Dryden. 

CO'NGLOBATELY, kdn-gloMjale-le. ad. In a 
spherical form. Diet. 

CONGLOBATION, kon-glo-ba'-shun. 408. n.s. 
Collection into a round mass. Brown. 

To CONGLO BE, kon-gl6be'. v. a. To gather into a 
round mass. Milton. 

To CONGLOBE, kon-glc.be'. v. re. To coalesce into 
a round mass. Milton. 

To CONGLOBULATE*, kon-glob'-A-late. v.n. To 
gather together into a little round mass. Johnsor:. 

To CONGLOMERATE §, kon-glom'-er-ate. SI. 
v. a. [conglomero, Lat.J To gather into a ball, like 
a ball of thread ; to inweave into a round mass. 
Grew. 

CONGLOMERATE, k6n-gl6m'-er-ate. 91. a. Gath- 
ered into a round ball. Clieyne. Collected ; twist 
ed together. Bacon. 

CONGLOMERATION, k6n-gl&m-er-a'-shun. re.*. 
223 



CON 



CON 



ID" 559.— Fate, fir, fS.Il, fat ;— me, m& 3— pine, phi 



Collection into a loose ball. Intertexture; mixture. 

Bacon. 

To CONGLU'TINATE §, k6n-glu'-te-nate. v. a. 

[conglutino, Lat.] To cement ; to reunite. Pearson. 

To CONGLU'TINATE, k6n-glu / -te-nate. v. n. To 

coalesce. 
CONGLU'TINATE*, k6n-glu' te-nate. a. Joined 

together. Sir T. Elyot. 

CONGLUTINATION, kon-glu-te-na'-sh&n. n. s. 

The act of uniting 1 wounded .bodies ; reunion ; 

healing - . Bacon. Simply, junction ; union. Bacon. 

CONGLU'TINATIVE, kon-glu'-te-na-tlv. 91. a. 

Having the power of uniting wounds. 
CONGLU'TINaTOR, kon-glu'-te-na-tfir. 520, 166. 
n. s. That which has the power of uniting wounds. 
Woodward. 
CONGRATULANT, k6n-gratsh'-u-lant. 461. a. 

Rejoicing in participation. Milton. 
To CONGRATULATES, k6n-gratsh'-u-late. 461. 
v. a. [gratulor, Lat.] To compliment upon any 
happy event. 1 Chron. 
To CONGRATULATE, k&n-gratsh'-u-late. 461. 

v. n. To rejoice in participation. Swift. 
CONGRATULATION, k6n-gratsh-u-la'-shun. 462. 
n. s. Professing joy for (he happiness or success of 
another. Bp. Hall. The form in which joy for the 
happiness of another is expressed. 
CONGRATULATORY k&n-gratsh'-u-la-tur. n. s. 

He who offers congratulation. Milton. 
CONGRATULATORY, k6n-gratsh'-u-la-tur-e. 
512. a. Expressing joy for the good fortune of an- 
other. Hoivell. 
To CONGRE'E, kon-gree'. v.n. [gre, Fr.] To 

agree; to accord. Shalcspeare. Ob. J. 
To CONGRE'ET, kon-greet'. v. n. To salute re- 
ciprocally. Shalcspeare. Ob. J. 
To CONGREGATES, k6ng'-gre-gate. 408. v. a. 
[congrego, Lat.] To collect together 5 to assemble. 
Hooker. 
To CONGREGATE, k6ng'-gre-gate. v. n. To as- 
semble ; to meet. Shakspeare. 
CONGREGATE, k6ng'-gre-gate. 91. a. Collected; 

compact. Spenser. 
CONGREGATION, k6ng-gre-ga'-shun. 408. n. s. 
The act of collecting. Bacon. A collection. SJiak. 
An assembly met to worship God in publick, and 
hear doctrine. Hooker. A distinct academical as- 
sembly, by which particular business of the uni- 
versity is transacted. Le Neve. 
CONGREGATIONAL, k6ng-gre-ga'-shun-nul. 88. 
a. Pertaining to a congregation or assembly of 
such Christians as hold every congregation to be a 
separate and independent church. Abp. Sancroft. 
Publick; general; respecting the congregation. 
Warton. 
CONGRESS §, k&ng'-grgs. 408. n. s. [congressus, 
Lat.] A meeting; a shock; a conflict. Dryden. A 
meeting of ceremony; an introduction to others. 
Sir K. Digby. A meeting for settlement of affairs 
between different nations. A coming together, in 
a sexual meaning. Pennant. 
CONGRE'SSION*, kSn-grgsh'-fin. n.s. Company; 

an assembly, or meeting together. Cotgrave. 
CONGRE'SSIVE, k6n-greV-slv. a. Meeting ; en- 
countering ; coming together. Brown. 
ToCONGRU'E^kdn-gru'. v.n. [congruo, Lat.] To 

agree ; to suit. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
CONGRUENCE, k6ng'-gru-^nse. 408. n. s. Agree- 
ment ; consistency. Sir T. Elyot. 
CONGRUENCY*, kong'-gru-en-se. n. s. Agree- 
ment. More. 
CONGRUENT, k&ng/-gru-ent. a. Agreeing; cor- 
respondent. Sir J. Daiies. 
CONGRUMENT, kc-ng'-gru-mSnt. n.s. Fitness; 

adaptation. Ob. J. 
CONGRU ITY, k6n-gru'-e-te. 408. n. s. Suitable- 
ness; agreeableness. Glanville. Fitness; perti- 
nence. Sidney. Consequence of argument ; reason. 
Hooker. [In theology.] A merit of congruity is 
ascribed to such works as a man does by the mere 
strength of free-will. 
CONGRUOUS, k&ng'-gru-fis. a. Agreeable to; 



consistent with. Mountagu. Suitable to. Smith. 
Rational; fit. Gregory. 

CONGRUOUSLY, k6ng'-gru-6s-le. ad. Suitably; 
consistently. Bp. Barlow. 

CONICAL, k&n'-e-kal. ) 509. a. Having the form 

CONICK, kon'-ik. \ of a cone. Prior. 

{t^f* The in the first syllable of this word is pronounced 
short, though it is long in its primitive, cone, if we may 
be allowed to call cone its primitive, and not the Latin 
conus and Greek kuvos ', in both which the is long: 
but conus, or kovik6s, whence the learned oblige us to 
derive our conick or conical, have the as short as in 
the English words, and serve to corroborate the opinion 
of Bishop Hare with respect to the shortening power 
of the Latin antepenultimate accent. 537. TV. 

CONIC ALLY, k6n'-e-kal-le. ad. In form of a cone. 

Boyle. 
CONIC ALNESS, kon'-e-kal-ne's. n.s. The state or 

quality of being conical. 
CONICK Sections, kon'-ik-sek'-shunz. ) n. s. That 
CON1CKS, k6n'-fks. $ part of ge- 

ometry which considers the cone, and the curves 
arising' from its sections. Bp. Berkeley. 
CONIFEROUS, ko-nif'-e-rfis. a. Such trees as bear 
a fruit of a figure approaching to a cone. Sir T. 
Brown. 
CONISOR. See Cognisor. 
To CONJE'CT^kon-j&ct'. v.n. {conjeclvm, Lat.] 

To guess; to conjecture. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. 
To CONJE'CT* kon-jgkt'. v. a. To cast together; 

to throw. Mountagu. 
CONJECTOR, k6n-jgk'-tur. 166. n.s. Aguesser; 

a conjecturer. Milton. 
CONJE'CTURABLE, kon-jeV-tshu-ra-bl. 461. a. 

Possible to be guessed. 
CONJECTURAL, k&n-jeV-tshu-ral. a. Depending 

on conjecture. Sliakspeare. 
CONJECTURALITY, k6n-jek-tshu-ral'-e-te. n. s. 

That which depends upon guess. Brown. 
CONJE'CTURALLY, kon-jeV-tshu-ral-le. ad. By 

guess. Hooker. 
CONJE'CTURE §, k6n-j£k'-tshure. 461. n. s. [con- 
jectura, Lat.] Guess; imperfect knowledge ; opin- 
ion without proof. South. Idea ; notion. Shale. 
To CONJECTURE, kon-jgk'-tshure. v. a. To judge 

by guess. South. 
CONJE'CTURER, k6n-j£k'-tshar-ur. n. s. A guess- 
er; one who forms opinion without proof. Brown. 
To CONJO'BBLE, k6n-job'-bl. v.. a. [con and job- 
bernol.'] To concert; to settle. A cant word. 
V Estrange. 
To CONJO'IN §, k6n-jom'. v. a. [conjoindre, Fr.] To 
unite. Drayton. To unite in marriage. Shak. To 
associate; to connect. Brown. 
To CONJOIN, k&n-j6fn'. v. n. To league; to unite. 

Shakspeare. 
CONJOINT, k6n-jdmt'. a. United. 
CONJOINTLY, kSn-j61nt'-le. ad. In union; togeth- 
er. Brown. 
CONJUGAL $, k6n'-ju-gal. a. Matrimonial. Dryden. 
CONJUGALLY, kon'-Ju-gal-le. ad. Matrimonially. 

Bp. Hall. 
To CONJUGATE, k6n'-ju-gate. 91. v. a. [conjugo, 
Lat.l To join; to join in marriage. Wotton. To 
decline verbs through their various terminations. 
White. 
CONJUGATE, k&n'-ju-gate. n. s. Agreeing in de- 
rivation with another word, and therefore general- 
ly resembling in signification. Bp. Bramliall. 
CONJUGATE Diameter or Axis. A right line, bi- 
secting the transverse diameter. Cliambers. 
CONJUGATION, kon-ju-ga'-shfin. n. s. A couple ; 
a pair. Brown. The act of uniting things togeth- 
er. Bacon. The form of inflecting verbs. Locke* 
Union; assemblage. Bp. Taybr. 
CONJUNCT $, k6n-junkt'. a. [conjunctus, Lat.] Con- 
joined ; concurrent ; united. Shakspeare. 
CONJUNCTION, k&n-junk'-shun. n.s. Union. SJiak. 
The congress of two planets in the same degree of 
the zodiack. Raleigh. A word made use of to 
connect the clauses of a period together, and to 
signify their relation to one another. Clarke. 
a J 224 



CON 



CON 



-n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ; — pdund ;— tin 



CONJUNCTIVE, kon-jank/-tiv. a. Closely united. 
Thomson. [In grammar.] The mood of* a verb, 
used subsequently to a conjunction. Connecting 
together, as a conjunction. Harris. I'nited; not 
apart. Johnson. 

COSWNCTIYELY,k6n-junk'-tiv-le. ad. In union. 
Brown. 

CONJUNCTIVENESS, k&ii-jonk'-tiv-nes. n.s. The 
quality of joining. 

CON.JU NCTLY, kdn-j&nkl'-le. ad. Jointly. 

CONJUNCTURE, k&n-j&nk'-tshure. n.s. Combina- 
tion of many circumstances, or causes. A'. Cluxrles. 
Occasion ; critical time. Clarendon. Mode of 
union. Holder. Consistency. K. Cliarles. 

CONJURATION, kdn-ji-ra ; -sliun. n. s. Summoning 
another in some sacred name. Sluik. A magical 
form of words; an incantation. Sidney. A plot ; 
a conspiracy. Sir W. Ashton. Earnest entreaty. 
Hey wood. 
To 0ONJU'RE§, kdn-jure'. v.a. [conjuro, Lat.] To 
summon in a sacred name; to enjoin with the 
highest solemnity. Shak. To bind many by an 
oath to some common design. Milton. To influence 
by masfick ; to charm. Shakspeare. 

To CONJURE, ktV-jur. 495. v.n, To enchant. 
Shakspenre. To enter into conspiracy. Spenser. 

CONJURER, kon'-jur-fir. 165. n. s. An enchanter. 
Sliak. An impostor who pretends to secret arts. 
Prior. By way of irony : a man of shrewd con- 
jecfire. Addison. 

CONJU'REMENT, kon-jure'-ment. n.s. Serious 
injunction. Milton. 

CONNASCENCE$, kdn-nas'-sense. 7i.s. [con and 
wscor, Lat.] Common birth. Being produced to- 
gether with another being. Brown. Uniting or 
growing together. Wiseman. 

CONNA'TE, kon-nate 7 . 91. a. [con and nidus-. Lat.] 
Born with another; of the same birth. South. 

CONNATURAL?, kon-natsh'-u-ral. 461. a. United 
with the being; connected by nature. Davies. 
Participant of the same nature. Milton. 

CONNATURA'LITY, kon-natsh-u-raK-e-te. 462. 
n.s. Participation of the same nature. Hale. 

To CONN A'TUR ALIZE* kon-natsh'-u-ral-lze. v. a. 
To connect by nature; to make natural. Scott. 

CONNA'TURALLY, kon-natsh'-u-ral-le. ad. In co- 
existence with nature; originally. Hale. 

CONNA/TURALNESS, kon-natsh'-u-ral-nes. n.s. 
Partici|)ation of the same nature. Pearson. 

To CONNE'CT 6, kon-nekt'. v.a. [connecto, Lat.] To 
join ; to link. Boijle. To unite as a cement. Locke. 
To join in a just series of thought : as, the author 
connects his reasons well. 

To CONNECT, kon-nekl'. r. n. To cohere. 

CONNECTIVE*, kou-nek'-tlv.a. Having the power 
of connecting. Harris. 

CONNECTIVE*, k&n-neV-tfv. n.s. A conjunction. 
Harris. 

CONNE'CTIVELY, kon-neV-tfv-le. ad. In con- 
junction. Swift. 

ToCONNE'XS, kon-neks'. v.a. [connexum, Lat.] 
To join or link together. Hale. 

CONNF/XION, kon-neV-sh&n. n. s. Union ; junc- 
tion. Milton. Just relation to some thing prece- 
dent or subsequent. Hale. 

CONNE'XIVE, kon-neks'-lv. a. Conjunctive. Watts. 

CONNICTA'TION, kon-nlk-ta'-shun. n. s. [connic- 
lo, Lat.] A winking. Diet. 

CONNI'VANCE, kon-nl'-vanse. n. s. The act of 
winking. Voluntary blindness; pretended igno- 
rance; forbearance. Bacon. 

To CONNTVE§,k6n-nlve'. v. n. [conniveo, Lat.J To 
wink. Spectator. To pretend blindness or igno- 
rance : to forbear; to pass uncensured. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

CONNT'VENCY*, kon-nl'-ven-se. n.s. Pretended 
ignorance; forbearance. Bacon. 

CONNI'VENT*, kftn-nl'-v&it. a. Dormant ; not at- 
tentive. Milton. 

CONNTVER*, kftn-ni'-vfir. n. s. One who pretends 
blindness ; who passes wickedness uncensured. 
Junius. 

29 



CONNOISSEUR, ko-nfej-sW. [kon-nis-si'.re', 
Perry and Jones : k&n-nis-soor', Sheridan.] n. s. 
[Fr.] A judge; a critick- Swift. 

j {J5" This word is perfectly French, and, though in very 

I general use, is not naturalized. The pronunciation of 

1 it given here is but a very awkward one ; but, perhaps, 
as good a one as we have letters in our language to ex- 

j press it ; for the French eu is not to he found among 

1 any of our English vowel or diphthongal sounds. W. 

i CONNOISSF/URSHIP*, k6-n£s-sure'-ship. n. s. 

! The skill of a connoisseur. 

j To CONNOTATES, kdn'-no-iate. v.a. [con and 

i nota, Lat.] To designate something besides itself; 

j to imply. Hammond. 
CONNOTA'TION, kon-no-ta'-shun. n.s. Inference , 

illation. Hale. 
To CONNO'TE, kdn-ndte'. v.a. To imply; to be- 
token. South. 
CONNU'BIAL, kon-mV-be-al. a. Matrimonial. Pope. 
CONNUMERA'TION*, kon-na-mer-a'-shun. n.s. 
A reckoning together. Porson. 

CO'NNY* feon'-ne\ a. Brave ; fine. Grose. 

CONOID §. kA'-ndid. n.s. [Kwvoao^j.] Approach- 
ing to the form of a cone. Holder. 

CONOI'DICAL, k6-nS5'-de-kal. a. Approaching to 

a conick form. 
To CONQUA'SSATE §, kon-kwas'-sate. v. a. [con- 
qnasso. Lat] To shake; to agitate. Harvey. Oh. J. 

CONQUASSA'TION, k&ng-kwas-sa'-shfin. 408. 

n. s. Agitation ; concussion. 
To CONQUER ^kongk'-ur, or kong'-kwur. 415. 
v. a. [conquirere, Lat.] To gain by conquest. 1 
Mace. To overcome ; to subdue. Shakspeare. 

gj- Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, and W. 
Johnston, have adopted the first pronunciation of this 
word ; but, as it is a wanton departure from our own 
analogy to that of the French, and is a much harsher 
sound than the second, it were to be wished it could be 
reclaimed ; but, as it is in full possession of the stage, 
there is but little hope of a change. W. 
To CONQUER, kdngk'-ur. v. n. To overcome. 
Shakspeare. 

CONQUERABLE, kongk'-ur-a-bl. a. Possible to 
be overcome. 

CONQUERABLENESS* kAngk'-ur-a-bl-nes. n.s. 
Possibility of being overcome. 

CONQUERESS*, kongk'-ur-£s. n.s. She who con- 
quers. Fairfax. 

CONQUEROR, kongk'-flr-ur. 415. n.s. A man that 
has obtained a victory. Sliak. One that subdues 
and ruins countries. Milton. 

CONQUEST, kong'-kwest. 408, 415. n.s. [con- 
cpert, Sax.] The act of conquering. Davies. Ac- 
quisition by victory. Milton. Victory; success in 
arms. Shak. [Infeodal law.l Purchase. Blackstone. 

CONSANGUINEOUS $, kdn-sang-gwln'-ne-Qs. a. 
[consanguineus, Lat.] Near of kin ; of the same 
blood. Shakspeare. 

CONSANGUINITY, kon-sang-gwin'-e-te. Ms. Re- 
lation by blood. Shakspeare. 

CONSARCIN ACTION, k&n-slr-sc-na'-shun. n.s. 
[consarcino, Lat.] The act of patching together. 
Dictionary. 

CONSCIENCE §, k6n'-sh&ise.3ff7. n. s. [conscientia, 
Lat.] The faculty by which w r e judge of the good- 
ness or wickedness of ourselves. Justice ; the es- 
timate of conscience. 1 Pet. ii. Consciousness; 
knowledge of our own thoughts or actions. Bacon 
Real sentiment ; veracity. Shakspeare. Scruple , 
principle of action. Bp. Taylor. Reason; reason- 
ableness. Shakspeare. Knowledge of the actions 
of others. B. Jonson. 

CONSCBENCED*, kdn'-shenst. a. Having con- 
science. South. 

CONSCIENT*, kon'-shent. a. Conscious. Bacon. 

CONSCIENTIOUS, kon : she-en'-shus. a. Scrupu- 
lous; regulated by conscience. L' Estrange. Con- 
scious. Wlutlock. 

£c5= From an ignorance of the principles of pronunciation, 
we not unfrequently hear the second syllable of this 
word sounded se, without the aspiration ; but this is 
the same incorrec.ness we sometimes hoar in the word 
pronunciation, which see. W. 
225 



CON 



CON 



ILT 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pfn;- 



ry. Dryden. Admitted to the knowledge of 
ling. Dryden. Bearing witness by the dic- 



CONSCIENTIOUSLY, k&n-she-fn'-sh&s-le. ad. 
According to the direction of conscience. South. 

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS, k&n-she-en'-sh&s-nes. 
n. s. Tenderness of conscience. Locke. 

CONSCIONABLE, k6n'-shfin-a-bl. a. Reasonable; 
according to conscience. Shakspeare. 

CONSCIONABLENESS, kon'-shfin-a-bl-nes. n.s. 
Equity; reasonableness. Dictionary. 

CON8CIONABLY, kdn'-sh&n-a-ble. ad. Reasona- 
bly; justly. Bp. Taylor. 

CO'NSCIOUS, k&n'-shfis. 357. a. [conscius, Lat.] ' 
Endowed with the power of knowing one's own 
thoughts and actions. Bentley. Knowing from 
inemor 
any thin 
tate of conscience. Clarendon. 

CONSCIOUSLY, kon'-shus-le. ad. With knowledge 
of one's own actions. Locke. 

CONSCIOUSNESS, kon'-shfis-nes. n. s. The per- 
ception of what passes in a man's own mind. Locke. 
Internal sense of guilt or innocence. Locke. 

CONSCRIPT §, k6n'-skr?pt. a. [conscnbo, Lat.] A 
term used in speaking of the Roman senators, who 
were called paf.res conscripti, from their names be- 
ing written in the register of the senate. B. Jonson. 

CONSCRIPT*, k&n'-skrlpt. n.s. One enrolled to 
serve i in the army; more particularly applied to 
the recruits of the French armies. 

CONSCRFPTION, kon-skrfp'-shun. n. s. An enrol- 
ling or registering. 

To CONSECRATES, kon'-se-krate. y.a. [ccnsecro, 
Lat.] To make sacred ; to appropriate to sacred 
uses. Hebrews. To dedicate to some particular 
purpose. Numbers. To canonize. 

CONSECRATE, kon'-se-krate. 91. a. Consecrated; 
sacred; devoted. Sluikspeare. 

CONSECRATION, kon-se-kra'-shun. n. s. A rite 
of dedicating things or persons to the service of 
God. Ayliffe. Declaring one holy by canoniza- 
tion. Hale. 

CONSECRATOR, or CONSECRATER, kon'-se- 
kra-tur. n. s. One that performs the rites of conse- 
cration. 

CONSECRATORY*, k&n'-se-kra-t&r-re. a. Making 
sacred. Bp. Morton. 

CONSECTARY§, k&n'-sek-ta-re. a. [consectarius, 
Lat.] Consequent; following by consequence. 
Brown. 

CONSECTARY, kon'-sek-ta-re. 512. n. s. Deduc- 
tion from premises. Hales. 

CONSECUTION, kon-se-ku'-shun. n.s. [consecu- 
lio, Lat.] Train of consequences ; chain of deduc- 
tions. Hale. Succession. [In astronomy.] The 
month of consecution is the space between one con- 
junction of the moon with the sun unto another. 
Brown. 

CONSE'CUTIVE^k&n-sek'-ku-tlv. a. [consecrdif 
Fr.] Following in train. Arbuthnot. Consequen- 
tial ; regularly succeeding. Locke. 

CONSECUTIVELY, k6n-sek / -u-tiv-le. ad. A term 
used in the school philosophy, in opposition to an- 
tecedently, and sometimes to effectively or caus- 
ally. Diet. 

To CONSE'MINATE, k&n-sem'-e-nate. v. a. [con- 
semino, Lat.] To sow different seeds together. Diet. 

CONSENSION, k&n-sen'-shfin. n. s. Agreement. 
Bentley. 

CONSENTS kon-sent'. n s. [consensus, Lat.] The 
act of yielding or consenting. Dryden. Concord ; 
agreement. Cowley. Coherence with. Milton. 
Joint operation. Pope. [In physick.] The perception 
one part has of another, by means of some fibres 
and nerves common to them both. Quincy. 
To CONSENT, kon-sent'. v. n. To be of the same 
mind. Milton. To co-operate to the same end. 
To yield ; to give consent. Shakspeare. 

CONSENTANEOUS, k&n-sen-ta'-ne-fis. a. Agree- 
able to; consistent with. Brown. 

CONSENTANEOUSLY, k&n-sen-ta'-ne-us-le. ad. 

Agreeablv; consistently. Boyle. 
CONSENTANEOUSNESS^&n-sen-ta'-ne-fis-nes. 
n. s. Agreement ; consistence. Diet. 



He that con- 



k6n-sent / -fir. 
kon-sen'-she-ent. a. Agreeing. 



CONSENTER*, 

senteth. Hale. 

CONSENTIENT, 
Pearson. 

CONSEQUENCE §, kon'-se-kwense. n. s. [conse- 
quentia, Lat.] That which follows from any cause. 
Event; effect of a cause. Shakspeare. Deduction; 
conclusion. Decay of Piety. The last proposition 
of a syllogism. Prior. Concatenation of causes 
and effects. South. Influence; tendency. Ham- 
mond. Importance; moment. Shakspeare. 

CONSEQUENT, k&n'-se-kwent. a. Following by 
rational deduction. Following as the effect of a 
cause. Locke. 

CONSEQUENT, kon'-se-kwent. n. s. Consequence. 
Hooker. Effect. Dairies. 

CONSEQUENTIAL, k6n-se-kwen / -shal. a. Pro- 
duced by the necessary concatenation of effects to 
causes. Prior. Conclusive. Great, conceited, or 
pompous. Pegge. 

CONSEQUENTIALLY, kdn-se-kwen'-shal-le. ad. 
With just deduction of consequences. Addison. 
By consequence; eventually. South. In a regu- 
lar series. Addison. 

CONSEQUENTIALNESS, kon-se-kwen'-shal- 
n£s. n. s. Regular consecution of discourse. Diet. 

CONSEQUENTLY, k&n'-se-kwent-le. ad. By con- 
sequence ; necessarily. Dryden. In consequence ; 
pursuantly. South. 

CONSEQUENTNESS, k&n'-se-kwent-nes. n. s. 
Regular connexion of propositions. Digby. 

CONSE RTION*, kon-ser'-shun. n. s. [consero, con- 
sertum, Lat.] Junction ; adaptation. Young. 

CONSE'RVABLE, k6n-ser'-va-bl. a. Capable of 
being kept. 

CONSE RVANCY, kon-ser'-van-se. n. s. Courts 
held by the lord mayor of London for the preser- 
vation of the fishery on the river Thames, are called 
courts of conservancy . 

CONSE / RVANT*,kon-ser'-vant. a. That which pre 
serves or continues. Puller. 

CONSERVATION, k&n-ser-va'-shun. n.s. The act 
of preserving. Woodward. Preservation from 
corruption. Bacon. 

CONSERVATIVE, k&n-s<V-va-tiv. a. Having the 
power of opposing diminution or injury. Peacham. 

CONSERVATOR, k6n-ser-va'-tfir. 418. n. s. Pre- 
server ; one that has the care or office of keeping 
from detriment. Bacon. 

CONSERVATORY, k6n-ser'-va-tur-e. 512. n. s. A 
place where any thing is kept in a manner proper 
to its jaeculiar nature. Bacon. 

CONSERVATORY, k&n-ser'-va-tfir-e. 512. a. Hav- 
ing a preservative quality. Diet. 

To CONSE'RVE 6, kon-serv'. v. a. [conservo, Lat.] 
To preserve. B. Jonson. To candy or pickle fruit. 
Shakspeare. 

CONSERVE, k&n'-serv. 492. n. s. A sweetmeat 
made of fruit, with sugar. Shak. A conservatory. 
Evelyn. 

CONSE'RVER, kon-ser'-vfir. n. s. A layer up ; a 
repositor ; one that preserves. Haywara. A pre 
parer of conserves. 

CONSE'SSION, kon-sesh'-shun. n. s. [consessio, 
Lat.] A sitting together. Diet. 

CONSE'SSOR, kon-ses'-sfir. 418. n. s. One that sits 
with others. Diet. 

To CONSI'DERS, kon-sfd'-ur. 418. v. a. [cvnsidero, 
Lat.] To think upon with care ; to ponder. SlwJc. 
To take into the view. Temple. To have regard 
to ; to respect. Heb. To requite ; to reward one. 
for his trouble. Shakspeare. 

To CONSIDER, k&n-sld'-ur. v. n. To think ma- 
turely. Isaiah. To deliberate. SJtak. To doubt j 
to hesitate. Dryden. 

CONSIDERABLE, k&n-sid'-ur-a-bl. a. Worthy of 
consideration. Tillotson. Respectable ; deserving 
notice. Sprat. Important ; valuable. Dryden. 
More than a little. Clarendon. 

CONSFDERABLENESS, k&n-sW'-ur-a ol-nSs. 555 
n. s. Importance ; dignity; moment. Boyle. 

CONSIDERABLY, kon-sfd'-Or-a-ble. ad. In a de- 
226 



CON 



CON 



— no, move, ndr, ndt ; — tube, <ub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, THis. 



gTee deserving notice, though not the highest. Ros- 
common. With importance. Pope. 

CONSFDERANCE, kdn-sid'-ur-anse. n. s. Con- 
sideration; reflection. Shakspeare. 

CONSFDERATE, k&n-sid'-ur-ate. 91. a. Serious 5 
given to consideration. Sliak. Calm; quiet. Blount. 
Having respect to; regardful. Decay of Piety. 
Moderate ; not rigorous. 

CONSIDERATELY, kon-sld'-ur-ate-le. ad. Calm- 
lv ; prudently. Bacon. 

CONSFDERATENESS, kon-sjd'-ur-ate-nes. 555. 
n. s. Prudence ; calm deliberation. Diet. 

CONSIDERATION, k&n-sid-ur-a/-shun. n. s. The 
act of considering. Locke. Mature thought. Sid- 
ney. Contemplation. Sidney. Importance ; claim 
to notice. Addison. Equivalent; compensation. 
Ray. -Motive of action ; influence. Hooker. Rea- 
son ; ground of concluding. Hooker. [In law.] 
Consideration is the material cause of a contract, 
without which no contract bindeth. Coicel. 

CONSFDERATIVE*, kon-sid'-ur-a-tlv. a. Taking 
into consideration. B. Jonson. 

CONSFDERATOR* k6n-sSd / -ur-a-tur. n. s. He 
who is given to consideration. Brown. 

CONSFDERER, kon-sld'-ur-ur. 98. n. s. A man of 
reflection. Government of the Tongue. 

CONSIDERING, k&n-sid'-ftr-ing. [a kind of con- 
junction.] If allowance be made for. Spectator. 

CONSIDERING* kon-sid'-ur-Ing. n.s. Hesitation; 
doubt. Shakspeare. 

CONS1 DERINGLY*, kon-sid'-ur-fng-le. ad. In a 
considerate manner. Wliole Duty of Man. 

ToCONSFGN^, kon-slne'. 385. v. a. [consigno, 
Lat.] To give to another in a formal manner ; to 
transfer. South. To appropriate. Dryden. To 
commit ; to intrust. Addison. 

To CONSIGN, kon-sine'. v. n. To submit to the 
same terms with another. Sluik. To sign 3 to con- 
sent to. Shakspeare. 

CONSIGNATION, k&n-sig-na/-shun. n. 5. The act 
of consigning. Ld. Herbert. The act of signing. 
Bp. Tmikjr & 5 

CONSFGNATURE*, kon-sfg'-na-tshure. n. s. A 
full stamping, or absolute signature of. Cotgrave. 

CONSIGNIFICA'TION* k&n-sig-n£-fe-ka'-sh&n. 
n.s. Similar signification; act of signifying one 
thing with another. Harris. 

CONSIGNMENT, kon-slne'-ment. n. s. The act of 
consigning. Toiler. The writing by which any 
thing is consigned. 

CONSFMILAR, kon-sW-e-lur. 88. a. [consimilis, 
Lat.] Having one common resemblance. Did. 

CONSIMFLITUDE*, kon-se-mil'-e-tude.n. 5. Like- 
ness. Cotgrave. 

CONSIMFLITY*, k6n-se-miF-e-te. n. s. Resem- 
blance. Aubrey. 

To CONSI'ST§, k6n-sist / . v. n. [consisto, Lat.] To 
subsist; not to perish. Col.i. To be comprised. 
Dryden. To be composed. Burnet. To have 
being concurrently. Bp. Bramhall. To agree; 
not to oppose ; not to contradict. Clarendon. 

CONSFSTENCE, kon-sts'-tense. )n.s. State with 

CONSISTENCY, k6n-s?s'-ten-se. \ respect to ma- 
terial existence. Bacon. Degree of denseness or 
rarity. Arbuthnot. Substance ; form ; make. South. 
Durable or lasting state. Hammond. Congruity; 
uniformity. Addison. A state in which things con- 
tinue for some time at a stand. Chambers. 

CONSFSTENT, kon-sV-tent. a. Not contradictory. 
South. Firm; not fluid. Harvey. 

CONSISTENTLY, k6n-sV-tent-le. ad. Without 
contradiction; agreeably. Broome. 

CONSISTO'RIAL, kon-sis-to'-re-al. a. Relating to 
the ecclesiastical court. Ayliffe. 

CONSISTO'RIAN*, kdn-sls-uV-re-an. a. Relating 
to an order of Presbyterian assemblies. Bp. Ban- 
croft. 

CCNSISTORY§, k&n'-sls-tfir-e. 512. n. s. [consisto- 
rium, Lat.] Theplace of justice in the court Chris- 
tian. Hooker. The assembly of cardinals. Shak. 
Any solemn assembly. Milton. Place of residence. 
Shakspeare. 



CONSO'CIATE, k6n-s6'-she-ate. n. s. An accom- 
plice. Hay ward. 

To CONSO'CIATES, kon-so'-she-ate. v. a. [conso- 
cio, Lat.] To unite ; to join. Sir T. Herbert. To 
cement ; to hold together, Burnet. 

To CONSO'CIATE, k6n-s6 / -she-ate. v. «. To co- 
alesce ; to unite. Bentley. 

CONSOCIATION, k6n-s6-she-a / -shfin. [See Pro- 
nunciation.] n. s. Alliance. B. Jonson. Union; 
intimacy. Wotton. 

CONSOLABLE, k6n-s6'-la-bl. a. That which ad 
mits comfort. 

To CONSOLATE, k&n'-si-late. 91. v. a. To com- 
fort ; to console. Shakspeare. 

CONSOLATION, kon-si-la'-shun. n. s. Comfort ; 
alleviation of misery. Bacon. 

CONSOLATOR, k6n'-s6-la-tur. 521. n. s. A com- 
forter. Cotgrave. 

CONSOLATORY, kon-s&lMa-tur-e. 512. n.s. A 
speech or writing containing topicks of comfort. 
Milton. 

§^=I have given the in the second syllable of this word 
the short sound, as heard in solid ; as it seems more 
agreeable to the analogy of words in this termination 
than the long which Mr. Sheridan has given : for, by 
inspecting the Rhyming Dictionary, we shall see, that 
every vowel, but u in the preantepenultimate syllable 
in these words, is short. Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston 
give the the same sound as I have done. W. 

CONSOLATORY, kon-sol'-la-tur-e. a. Tending to 
give comfort. Howell. 

To CONSOLES, kon-sole'. v. a. [consoler, Lat.] To 
comfort ; to cheer. Pope. 

CONSO'LE, kon'-sole. 492. n. s. [Fr.] [In archi- 
tecture.] A part or member projecting in man- 
ner of a bracket. Chambers. 

CONSOLER, kon-siM&r. 98. n. s. One that gives 
comfort. Comment, on Pove's Essay on Man. 

CONSOLIDANT, kon-s&V-e-dant. a. That which 
has the quality of uniting wounds. 

To CONSOLIDATE $, kon-soF-e-date. v.. a. [con- 
solider, Fr.] To form into a compact and solid 
body ; to harden ; to unite into a solid mass. Bur- 
net. 

To CONSOLIDATE, k6n-s6V-e-date. v. n. To 
grow firm, hard, or solid. Bacon. 

CONSOLIDATE*, k&n-sol'-e-date. a. Formed into 
a compact body. Sir T- Elvot. 

CONSOLIDATION, k6n-s61-e-da / -shun. n. s. Unit- 
ing into a solid mass. Woodward. Confirming a 
thing. Ld. Herbert. The annexing of one bill in 
parliament to another. Aislabie. The combining 
and uniting of two benefices in one. Cowel. 

CONSOLlDATIVE, kon-sol'-e-da-tlv. a, That 
which has the quality of healing wounds. Diet. 

CONSONANCE, kon'-so-nanse. ) n. s. Accord of 

CONSO'NANCY, kon'-so-nan-se. ] sound. Thom- 
son. Consistency ; congruence. Hale. Agree- 
ment ; concord. Shakspeare. 

CO'NSONANT$, kdn'-so-nant. 503. a. [consonans, 
Lat.] Agreeable ; according ; consistent. Hooker. 
Agreeing. Howell. 

CO'NSONANT. kon'-s6-nant. n. s. A letter which 
cannot be sounded, or but imperfectly, by itself. 
Holder. 

CONSONANTLY, kon'-si-nant-le. ad. Consistent- 
ly ; agreeably. Hooker. 

CO'NSON ANT NESS, k&n'-s6-nant-ngs. n. s. Agree- 
ableness; consistency. Diet. 

CO'NSONOUS, kon'-so-nus.SOS.a. [consonus, Lat.] 
Agreeing in sound ; symphonious. 

To CONSOTIATE* kon-so'-pe-ate. v. a. To lull 
asleep. Cockeram. 

CONSOPIATION, kon-so-pe-a'-sh&n. n. s. The act 
of laying to sleep. Pope. 

To CONSOPITE §*, kon'-sd-phe. 155. v. a. \con- 
sopio, Lat.] To compose ; to lull asleep. More. 

CO'NSOPITE*, kon'-so-pite. a. Calmed ; quieted 
More. 

CONSORT §, kon'-sort. 492. n.s. [consors, Lat.] 
Companion ; partner ; generally a partner of the 
bed; a wife or husband. Milton. An assembly. 
227 



CON 



CON 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, p?n ;- 



Spenser. A number of instruments playing' to- 
gether. Ecclus. xxx : i. Concurrence ; union. Atter- 
bury. 
To CONSO'RT, kdn-sort'. v. n. To associate with. 

Shakspeare. 
'To CONSO'RT, k6n-sort'. v. a. To join ; to mix 5 

o marrv. Milton. To accompany. Shakspeare. 
CONSO'RTABLE, k6n-s6r'-ta-bl. a. To be com- 
pared with ; suitable. Wolton. 
COxNSO'RTlON, k&n-sdr'-shun. n. s. Fellowship 3 

society. Brown. 
CO NSORTSHIP*. kdn'-sort-ship. n. s. Fellowship: 

partnership. Bp. Hall. 
CONSPE'CTABLE, k&n-spek'-ta-bl. a [conspectus, 

Lat.] Easy to be seen. Diet. 
CONSPE'CTION*, kdn-speV-shun n.s. A seeing ; 

a beholding. Cotgrave. 
CONSPECTU1TY kon-spek-tu'-e-te. n. s. Sight) 

view. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
CONSPE'RSION, kon-speV-shun. n, s. [conspersio, 

Lat.] A sprinkling about. 
CONSP1CUITY, kon-spe-ku'-e-te. n. s. Bright- 
ness. Glanville. 
CONSPICUOUS $, kon-spik'-u-us. a. [conspiacus, 
Lat.] Obvious to the sight. Milton. Eminent) 
famous ; distinguished. Drijden. 
CONSPICUOUSLY, kon-spik'-u-us-le. ad. Obvi- 
ously to the view. Watts. Eminently ; remarkably, j 
CONSPICUOUSNESS, k6n-splk / -tj-us-nes. n. s.\ 
Exposure to the view. Boyle. Eminence ; celeb- 
rity. Bouie. 
CONSPIRACY, kon-spir'-a-se. 109. n. s. A private 
agreement among several persons to commit some 
crime. Shak. An agreement of men to do any 
thing ; always taken in the evil part. Cowel. A 
general tendency of many causes to one event. 
Sidney. 
CONSPIKANT, kon-spi'-rant. a. Conspiring; plot- 
ting. Shakspeare. 
CONSPIRATION, kon-spe-ra'-shun. n. s. An 

agreement of manv to one end. Decay of Piety. 
CONSPIRATOR, "kOn-spir'-a-tur. 110. irks; A man 

engaged in a plot. 2 Sam. 
To CONSPIRE §, k6n-spJre'. v. n. [conspiro, Lat.] 
To concert a crime ; to plot; to hatch secret trea- 
son. Shak. To agree together : as, All things con- 
spire to make him happy. Heigh. 
CONSPIRER, kdn-spi'-rfir. n. s. A conspirator. 

Shakspeare. 
CONSPIRING Powers. [In mechanicks.] All such 
as act in direction not opposite to one another. 
Harris. 
CONSPIRINGLY*, kon-spi'-rlng-le. ad. In a man- 
ner criminally concerted. Milton. 
CONSPISSaTIQN*. k6n-sp?s-sa'-sh&n. n, s. [con- 
spissaius, Lat.] Thickness ; the act of thickening. 
More. 
To CQ'NSPURCATES*. k&n'-spftr-kate. v.n. [con- 

spurco, Lat.] To defile. 
CONSPURCATION, kon-spur-ka'-shftn. n. s. De- 
filement; pollution. Bp. Hall. 
CONSTABLES, kun'-sta-bl. 165. n. s. [cynin$, 
Sax. and stable or staple.] Lord high constable is 
an ancient officer of the crown, who had the care 
of the common peace of the land in deeds of arms, 
and in matters of war. The office continued he- 
reditary till the thirteenth of Henry VIII., when it 
was laid aside. From these magistrates are de- 
rived the inferiour constables of hundreds and fran- 
chises ; now called high constables, because increase 
of people and offences have occasioned others, in 
every town, of inferiour authority, called petty 
constables. Coicel. 
CO'NSTABLESHIP, k&n'-sta-bl-shlp. n. s. The of- 
fice of a constable. Carew. 
CO'NSTABLEVvTCK*. kun'-sta-bl-wik. n. s. The 
district over which the authority of a constable ex- 
tends. Hale. 
CONSTANCY, k&n'-slan-se. n. s. Immutability; 
perpetuity. Hooker. Consistency. Ray. Resold- j 
tion ; firmness. Prior. Lasting affection. South. \ 
Certainty ; veracity ; reality. Shakspeare. 



CONSTANTS, kon'-stant. a. [constans, Lat.] Firm; 
fixed. Boyle. Unvaried ; unchanged. Cowley. Re- 
solute; determined. Shak. Consistent; steady; 
grave. Shak. Free from change of affection. 
Certain ; firmly adherent. Drijden. 
CONSTANTLY, kon'-stant -le. ad. Invariably; 
perpetually. Tillatson. Patiently; firmly. Mas- 
singer. 
To CONSTELLATE §, kon-steF-late. v. n. [con- 

stellatus, Lal.l To join lustre. Boyle. 
To CONSTE/LLATE, kon-stel'-late. r. a. To unite 

several shining bodies in one splendour. Brown. 
CONSTELLATION, k6n-stel-la / -shftn. n. s. Adul- 
ter of fixed stars. Isaiah. An assemblage of splen- 
dours, or excellencies. Hammond. 
CONSTERNATION, kon-ster-na'-shun. n. s. [con- 
sterno, Lat.] Astonishment ; amazement ; surprise. 
South. 
To CONSTIPATE &, kon'-ste-pate. v. a. [constipo, 
Lat.] To thicken; to condense. Bacon. To stop 
by filling up the passages. Arbuthnot. To make 
costive. Brown. 
CONSTIPATION, k&n-ste-pa'-shun. n. s. Con- 
densation. Bacon. Stoppage. Arbuthnot. The 
state of having the bodv bound. 
CONSTITUENT, kon-slitsh'-u-ent. 461. a. That 
which makes any thing what it is ; necessary to 
existence ; that of which any thing consists. Drij- 
den. 
CONSTITUENT, kon-stitsh'-u-ent. n. s. The per- 
son or thing which constitutes any thing in its pe- 
culiar state. Hale. That which is necessary to 
the subsistence of any thing. A r buthnot. He that 
deputes another to any office, or to parliament. 
Burke. 
To CONSTITUTE §, kon'-ste-tute. v. a. [constitno, 
Lat.] To give formal existence ; to produce. De- 
cay of Piety. To erect ; to establish. Bp. Taylor. 
To depute ; to appoint another to an office. 
CONSTITUTE*, kon'-ste-tote. n. s. An establish- 
ed law. 
CONSTITUTER, kon'-ste-tii-tur. n. s. He that 

constitutes or appoints. Sir T. Elyot. 
CONSTITUTION, k&n-ste-tA'-shfii. n.s. The act 
of constituting; enacting; deputing. State of be- 
ing. Bentley. Corporeal frame. Arbuthnot. Tem- 
per of body, as to health or disease. Temple. Tem- 
per of mind. Sidney. Established form of govern- 
ment ; system of laws and customs. Daniel. Par- 
ticular law ; established usage. Hooker. 
CONSTITUTIONAL, kon-ste-uV-shun-al. a. Bred 
in the constitution ; radical. Sharp. Consistent 
with the civil constitution. Blackstone. 
CONSTITUTIONALIST*, kon-ste-tu'-shun-al-ist. 

n. s. An adherent to a constitution. Burke. 
CONSTITUTIONALLY*, kon-ste-ttV-shun-al-le. 

ad. Legally. Lord Chesterfield. 
CONSTITUTIONIST*, kon-ste-tu'-shun-ist. n. s. 
One zealous for the established constitution of the 
country. Bclingbroke. 
CONSTITUTIVE, kon'-sle-tu-tiv. a. Elemental ; 
essential. Brown. Having the power to enact or 
establish. 
To CONSTRAINS, kSn-strane'. v. a. [censtrain- 
dre, Fr.] To compel. Shale. To hinder by force 
Dni den. To necessitate. Shak. To violate; to 
ravish. Titus Andronicus. To confine ; to press. 
Dn/den. To constringe. Dryden. To tie ; to bind. 
Dr'yden. To imprison. Dryden. To produce in 
opposition to nature. Waller. To restrain; to with- 
hold. Raleigh. 
CONSTRATNABLE, k&n-stra'-na-bl. a. Liable to 

constraint. Hooker. 
CONSTRATNEDLY, k&n-stra'-nfid-le. ad. By con- 
straint. Hooker. 
CONSTRATNER, k&n-stra'-nur. n. s. He that con- 
strains. 
CONSTRAINT, kon-strant'. n. s. Compulsion 

ShaksjKare. Confinement. Spenser. 
CONSTRA'INTIVE*. kdn-slrane'-tiv. a. Having 

the power of compelling. Carew. 
To CONSTRICTS, kon-strfkt'. v. a. [constringo, 
228 



CON 



CON 



-n6, move, ndr, ndt; — lube, tub, bull; — fill; — pfifind; — rViin, th! 



constridum, Lat.] To bind ; to cramp. To con- 
tract. Arbuthnot. 

CONSTRICTION, kdn-strfk'-shfin. n.s. Contrac- 
tion; compression. Ray. 

CONSTRICTOR, k&n-strtk'-tfr. 166. n. s. That 
which compresses or contracts. Arbuthnot. 

To CONSTRI'NGE §, kdn-strlnje'. v. a. [constringo, 
Lat.] To compress ; to contract. Sliakspeare. 

CONSTRINGENT, k&n-strln'-jent. a. Binding or 
compressing. Bacon. 

To CONSTRUCT ^on-strOkf. v. a. [construct™;, 
Lat.] To build ; to form ; to compile ; to consti- 
tute. Boi/le. 

CONSTRUCTER*, k&n-strfik'-tfir. n. s. He who 
forms or makes. Johnson. 

CONSTRUCTION, kon-strfik'-shon. n.s. Building; 
fabrication. The form of building. Shak. The 
putting of words, duly chosen, together in such a 
manner as is proper to convey a complete sense. 
Locke. The act of arranging terms in the proper 
order, by disentangling transpositions. Shak. The 
sense ; the meaning. Hooker. Judgement ; mental 
representation. Brown. The manner of describing 
a figure or problem in geometry.— Construction 
of equations, is the method of reducing a known 
equation into lines and figures, in order to a geo- 
metrical demonstration. 
CONSTRUCTIONAL* kdn-strflk'-shfin-al. a. Re- 
specting the meaning or interpretation. Water- 
land. 
CONSTRUCTIVE*, k6n-struk'-tiv. a. By con- 

siruction. Burnet. 
CONSTRUCTIVELY*, kon-struk'-tlv-le. ad. By 

construction. 
CONSTRUCTURE, k&n-struk'-tshure. 461. n.s. 
Pile ; edifice. Blackmore. 

To CONSTRUE $, k6n'-str66, or k&n'-stur. v. a. 
[construo, Lat.] To range words in their natural 
order. Spenser. To interpret 3 to explain. Hooker. 

£Cf It is a scandal to seminaries of learning, that the 
latter pronunciation of this word should prevail there. 
Those who ought to be the guardians of propriety are 
often the perverters of it. Hence accidence for acci- 
dents, jirepostor for prepositor, and constur for con- 
strue ; for it mu3t be carefully noted, that this last word 
is under a different predicament from those which end 
with r and mute e : here the vowel u must have its long 
sound, as in the word true : this letter cannot be sunk 
or transposed like e in centre, sceptre, &c. W. 

To CONSTUPRATE §, k6n'-stu-prate. v. a. [con- 
slupro. Lat.] To violate ; to debauch. Bale. 

CONSTUPRA/TION, kon-stu-pra'-shfin. «. s. Vio- 
lation; defilement. Bp. Hall. 

To CONSUBSl'ST*, kon-sub-slst'. v. n. To exist 
together. Search. 

CONSUBSTANTIAL §, k&n-sfib-stan'-shal. a. [con- 
substantialis, Lat.] Having the same essence or 
subsistence. Hooker. Being of the same kind or 
nature. Hooker. 

CONSUBSTANTIALI8T* kon-sfib-stan'-shal-ist. 
v. s. He who believes in consubstantiation. Barrow. 

CONSUBSTANTLVLITY, kon-sub-stan-she-aK-e- 
te. n.s. Existence of more than one, in the same 
substance. Hammond. Participation of the same 
nature. 

To CON SUBSTANTIATE, kon-sub-suV-she-ate. 
v. a. To unite in one common substance or nature. 
Hammond. 

To CONSUBSTANT1ATE* kdn-sub-stan'-she- 
ate. v. n. To profess consubstantiation. Dryden. 

CONSUBSTANTIATE*, k6n-sub-stan'-she-ate. a. 
United. Feltham. 

CONSUBSTANTIATION, k6n-stb-stao -she-a'- 
shQn. n.s. The union of the body of our blessed 
Saviour with the sacramental element, according 
to the Lutherans. Milton. 

CONSUL §, kon'.-s&l. n.s. [consul, Lat.] The chief 
magistrate in the Roman republick. Shak. An 
officer commissioned in foreign parts to judge be- 
tween the merchants of his nation, and protect their 
commerce. 

CONSULAR, kon'-shu-lai 452. a. Relating to the 



consul. Spectator.— Consular man. One who had 
been consul. B. Jonsoii. 

CONSULATE, k6n'-shu-late. 91. n. s. The office 
of consul. Addison. 

CONSULSHIP, kon'-sfil-shfp. n. s. The office of 
consul. B. Jonson. 

To CONSULTS, k6n-sftlt / . v.n. [consulto, Lat.] 
To take counsel together. Shakspeare. 

To CONSULT, k6n-sult'. v. a. To ask advice of. 
Pope. To regard ; to act with respect to. Addison. 
To plan ; to contrive. Halmkkuk. 

CONSULT, kdn'-s&lt, or k&n-sfik'. n. s. The act 
of consulting. Dryden. The effect of consulting. 
Dnjden. A council. Bacon. 

9^" I am much mistaken if this word does not incline 
to the general analogy of accent in dissyllable nouns 
and verbs, like insult. Poets have used it both ways : 
but the accent on the first syllable seems the most 
usual, as well as the most legitimate pronunciation. 
492. W. 

CONSULTATION, k&n-sul-ta'-shfm. n. s. The act 
of consulting; secret deliberation. A council. 
Wiseman. A writ whereby a cause, formerly re- 
moved by prohibition from the ecclesiastical court 
to the kinVs court, is returned thither again. Covoel. 

CONSULTATIVE*, kdn-s&l'-ta-llv. a. Having the 
privilege of consulting. Bp. Bramhall. 

CONSUMER, kon-sul'-tur. 98. n. s. One that con- 
sults or asks counsel. Deut. 

CONSUMABLE, kdn-su'-ma-bl. a. Susceptible of 
destruction. Wilkins. 

To CONSUME §, kon-sume'. 454. v. a. [consumo, 
Lat.] To waste ; to spend ; to destroy. Shak. 

23= The reason why the 5 in this word is pure, and in 
consular it takes the aspiration, is, that in one the 
accent is on the syllable beginning with this letter ; and, 
in the other, on the preceding syllable. 450. W. 

To CONSUME, kon-sume 7 . v. n. To waste away. 
Shakspeare. 

CONSUMER, kdn-siV-mur. n. s. One that wastes, 
or destroys. Slielton. 

To CONSUMMATES, kdn-sfim'-mate. 91. v. a. 
[consmnmare, Lat.] To complete; to perfect. Shak. 

CONSUMMATE, k&n-s&m'-mate. a. Complete; 
finished. Shakspeare. 

§Cr The propensity of our language to an antepenulti- 
mate accentuation of simple words of three syllables 
makes us sometimes hear the accent on the first sylla- 
ble of this word ; but by no correct speakers. TV. 

CONSUMMATELY*, k6n-sum / -mate-le. ad. Per- 
fectlv ; completelv. Warton. 

CONSUMMATION, kon-siim-ma'-shfin. n. s. Com- 
pletion 3 perfection. Addison. The end of the 
f>resent system of things. Hooker. Death ; end of 
ife. Shakspeare. 

CONSUMPTION, k6n-sum'-shun. 412. n. s. The 
act of consuming; waste. Locke. The stale of 
wasting or perishing. Woodward. A waste of 
muscular flesh. A disease divided by physicians 
into several kinds. Quincy. 

CONSUMPTIVE, kdn-sfim'-dv. a. Destructive ; 
wasting. Bp. Taylor. Diseased with a consump- 
tion. Harrey. 

CONSUMPTIVELY* kSn-sum'-tiv-le. ad. In a 
way tending to consumption. Beddoes. 

CONSUMPTTVENESS, kon-siW-tlv-nes. n. s. A 
tendency to a consumption. 

CONSU'TILE, kon-su'-tn. 140. a. [considilis, Lat.] 
That is sewed or stitched together. Diet. 

To CONTA'BULATE §, kon-tab'-u-late. v. a. [con- 
iabulo, Lat.] To floor with boards. Gaijton. 

CONTABULA'TION, kon-tab-u-la'-shfin. n. s. 
Boarding a floor. 

CONTACTS, kon'-takt. n.s. [contactus, Lat.] 
Touch ; close union. Bacon. 

CONT ACTION, kon-tak'-shun. n. s. The act of 
touching. Brown. 

CONTACION §, kon-uV-je-un. 542. n. s. [conta<rio T 



Lat.] The emission from body to body, by whicl 
diseases are communicated. Slxak. Infection; pi 
agation of mischief, or disease. Milton,. Pi 



diseases are communicated 
agation of mischi 
lence. Shakspeare 



229 



CON 



CON 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin \ 



CONTAGIOUS, k&n-uV-je-us. 542. a. Infectious. 
Shakspeare. 

CONTAGIOUSNESS, k&n-ta'-je-us-nes. n. s. The 
qualitv of being contagious. W. Mountagu. 

To CONTAIN §, k&n-tane'. v. a. [contineo, Lat.1 
To hold as a vessel. St. John. To comprenend. j 
Milton. To comprise ; as a writing. 1 Pet. To 
restrain ; to withhold. Spenser. 

To CONTAIN, kon-tane'. v. n. To live in conti- 
nence. 1 Cor. 

CONTAINABLE, k&n-ta'-na-bl. a. Possible .0 be 
contained. Boyle. 

To CONTAMINATED, k6n-uW-e-nate. v. a. 
[contamino, Lat.] To defile ; to pollute ; to corrupt 
by base mixture. Sliakspeare. 

CONTAMINATE*, kon-tam'-e-nate. 91. a. Cor- 
rupt', polluled. Sliakspeare. 

CONTAMINATION, kdn-tam-e-na'-shun. « N s. Pol- 
lution ; defilement. Bp. Hall. 

CONTECK* k6n'-tek. n. s. [for contest] Quarrel 5 
contention. Spenser. Ob. T. 

CONTENTION*, k6n-teV-shun. n. s. [contego,con- 
tectum, Lat.] A covering. Sir T. Brown. 

CONTE'MERATED.kon-tem'-e-ra-tld. a. [contem- 
eratus. Lat.] Violated; polluted. Diet. 

To CONTEMN y, kon-tem'. 411. v. a. [contemno, 
Lat.], To despise j to slight. Shakspeare. 

CONTEMNER, kon-tem'-nur. 411. n. s. One that 
contemns ; a scorner. Woolton. 

To CONTEMPER §, kon-uW-p&r. v. a. [contempe- 
ro, Lat.] To moderate ; to reduce to a lower de- 
gree. Ray. 

CONTEMPERAMENT, kon-tem'-pfir-a-ment. n. s. 
The degree of any quality. Derliam. 

To CONTEMPERATE, kdn-uW-pur-ate. v. a. 
To moderate ; to temper. Brown. 

CONTEMPERA'TION, kon-tem-pur-a'-shun. n. s. 
The act of diminishing any qualitv by admixture 
of the contrary. Brown. Proportionate mixture ; 
proportion. Hah. 

To CONTEMPLATE §, k6n-uW-plate. v. a. \con- 
templor, Lat.] To consider with continued atten- 
tion 5 to study. Watts. 

&5= There is a very prevailing propensity to pronounce 
this word with the accent on the first syllable ; a pro- 
pensity which ought to be checked by every lover of the 
harmony of language. That very singular analogy in 
our tongue, of placing the accent on the last syllable 
of the verb, and the first of the noun, 492, seems to have 
taken place chiefly for the convenience of forming par- 
ticiples, adverbs, and verbal nouns ; which would be in- 
harmonious and difficult to pronounce, if the verb had 
the accent on the first syllable. This analogy should 
teach us to avoid placing the accent on the first syllable 
of this and similar verbs, however we may pronounce 
nouns and adjectives ; for, though to contemplate, with 
the accent on the first syllable, is not of very difficult 
pronunciation, yet contemplating- and contcmplatingly 
are almost unpronounceable. W. 

To CONTEMPLATE, k6n-tem / -plate. v. n. To 

muse. Shakspeare. 
CONTEMPLATION, kon-tem-pla'-shun. n. s. 

Meditation ; studious thought on any subject. Shak. 

Holy meditation. Shak. The faculty of" study, op- 
posed to the power of action. South. 
CONTEMPLATIVE, kon-tem'-pla-tiv. a. Given 

to thought or study. Denham. Employed in study. 

Bacon. Having the power of meditation. Ray. 
CONTEMPLATIVELY, kon-tem'-pla-tlv-le. ad. 

Thoughtfully 5 attentively. Huhet. 
CONTEM PL ATOR, kon-tgm'-pla-tur. 521. n. s. 

One employed in study. Raleigh. 
CONTE MPORARINESS*, koli-tem'-pd-ra-re-nSs. 

n. s. Existence at the same point of time. Howell. 
CONTEMPORARY §, kon-tem '-p6-ra-re. a. [con- 

temporain, Fr.] Living in the same age. Dry den. 

Born at the same time. Cowley. Existing at the 

same point of time. Locke. 
CONTEMPORARY, kon-tem/-p6-ra-r£. 512. n. s. 
One who lives at the same time with another. 
Dry den. 
To CONTEMPORISE, k6n-tem'-p6-rlze. 153. v.a. 
To place in the same age. Brown. 



CONTEMPT y, kon-temt'. 412. n. s. [contemptus, 
Lat.] The act of despising others ; slight regard ; 
scorn. Esther. The state of being despised ; vileness. 
2 Mace. Offence in law of various kinds. Blackstone. 
CONTEMPTIBLF^kftn-temMe-bl. a. Worthy of 
contempt. Tayfbr. Despised ; scorned. Locke. 
Scornful; contemptuous. Shakspeare. 

CONTEMPTIBLENESS, k6n-tem / -te-bl-nes. n. s. 
Meanness ; vileness : baseness. Hammond. 

CONTEMPTIBLY, kdn-uW-te-ble. ad. Meanly 
deserving contempt. Burton. 

CONTEMPTUOUS, k&n-tem'-tshu-us. 461. a 
Scornful; apt to despise; insolent. Raleigh. 

CONTEMPTUOUSLY, k6n-uW-tshu-us-le. ad. 
With scorn ; with despite. Sliakspeare. 

CONTEMPTUOUSNESS, kfin-temMshu-us-nes. 
n. s. Disposition to contempt. 

To CONTEND §, kon-tend'. v. n. [coniendo, Lat.] 
To strive ; to struggle. Shak. To vie ; to act in 
emulation. Dry den. 

To CONTE'ND, kon-tend'. r. a. To dispute any 
thing ; to contest. Dryden. 

CONTENDENT, kon-ten'-dent. n. s Antagonist ; 
opponent. L'Estrange. 

CONTENDER, kon-uV-dur. n. s. Combatant; 
champion. Locke. 

CONTENT §, kon-uW. a. [contenius, Lat.] Satis- 
fied so as not to repine. Dryden. Satisfied so as 
not to oppose. Shakspeare. 

To CONTE'NT, k6n-tent / . v. a. To satisfy so as to 
stop complaint ; to appease without complete grati- 
fication. Sidney. To please; to gratify. Shak. 

CONTE'NT, kon-tent'. n. s. Moderate happiness. 
Shak. Satisfaction in a thing unexamined. Pope. 
That which is contained, or included. Shak. Ex- 
tent ; capacity. Bacon. A parliamentary expression 
for those who are in favour of the subject proposed. 
Burke. That which is comprised in a writing ; as, 
the contents of a book. Sliakspeare. [Q£r In this 
sense it is used only in the plural, and then it is 
sometimes accented on the first syllable. 493. W.] 

CONTENT ATION, kon-ten-ta'-shun. n. s. Satis- 
faction ; content. Sidney. Ob. J. 

CONTENTED, kon-tenV-ed. part. a. Satisfied; not 
demanding more. Knolles. 

CONTENTEDLY* kon-tent'-ed-le. ad. In a quiet, 
easy, or satisfied manner. Shelton. 

CONTENTEDNESS, k&n-tent'-ed-nes. n.s. State 
of satisfaction in any lot. Bp. Hall. 

CONTENTFUL*, kon-tent'-ftil. a. Perfectly con- 
tent. Barrow. 

CONTENTION §, kon-ten'-shfln. n. s. [contentio. 
Lat.] Strife ; debate ; contest. Shak. Emulation. 
Shak. Eagerness ; zeal ; ardour. Holder. 

CONTENTIOUS, kon-ten'-shus. a. Quarrelsome; 
given to debate. Shakspeare. 

CONTENTIOUS Jurisdiction. A court which has 
a power to judge and determine differences be- 
tween contending parties. Chambers. 

CONTENTIOUSLY, kon-ten'-sh&s-le. ad. Per- 
versely; quarrelsomely. Brown. 

CONTENTIOUSNESS, kdn-ten'-shus-nes. n. s. 
Proneness to contest; perverseness; quarrelsome- 
ness. Herbert. 

CONTENTLESS, kon-tent'-les. a. Discontented. 
Shakspeare. 

CONTENTLY*, kon-t£nt'-le. ad. In a contented 
way. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

CONTENTMENT, kdn-tent'-ment. n. s. Acquies- 
cence without plenary satisfaction. Hooker. Grati- 
fication. Wotlon. a 

CONTE'RMINABLE §*. kon-kV-min-a-bl. a. [con- 
termino, Lat.] Capable of the same bounds. Sir 
H. Wotton. \ , , , mi 

CONTE'RMINATE* k6n-ter'-mm-ate. a. That 
which hath the same bounds. B. Jonson. 

CONTE'RMINOUSjkftn-teV-me-nus. a. [contermi- 
nus, Lat.] Bordering upon. Hale. 

CONTERRANEAN*, kon-ter-ra'-ne-an. > a [con- 

CONTERRANEOUS, k&n-ter-ra'-ne-us. S terrai- 
ns, Lat.] Of the same earth or country. Howell. 

CONTESSER ATION*, k6n-t£s-ser-a/-shun. n. s 
230 



CON 



CON 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull 3— 611 ;— pound;— th\n, thjs. 



[con and tcsseratus, Lat.] Assemblage ; collection. 
B.Oleu. 
To CONTE'ST*, kdn-test'. 492. v. a. [contest*-, Fr.] 

To dispute; to litigate. Dryden. 
To CONTEST, k6n-test'. v. re. To strive : to con- 
tent!. Donne. To vie ; to emulate. Sluikspeare. 
CONTEST. k&n'-test.492. re. s. Dispute ; difference. 

Denham. 
CONTESTABLE, k&n-tes'-ta-bl. a. Disputable; 

controvertible. 
CONTE'STABLENESS, k&n-tes'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. 

Possibility of contest. Diet. 
CONTESTATION, k&n-tes-ta'-sh&n. re. s. The act 

of contesting ; debate. Bacon. 
CONTESTATION*, k6n-tes-ta'-shun. re. 5. Testi- 
mony; proof by witnesses. Barroio. 
CQNTESTINGLY* kon-test'-ing-le. ad. In a con- 
tending manner. W. Mountagu. 
CONTE'STLESS*, k&n-test'des. a. Not to be dis- 
puted. A. Hill 
To CONTE'Xv, kon-teks'. v. a. [contexo, Lat.] To 
weave together ; to unite by interposition of parts. 
Bonk Ob. J. 
CONTEXT, kon'-tSkst. 494. re. s. The general series 
of a discourse ; the parts of the discourse that precede 
and follow the sentence quoted. Hammond. 
CONTE'XT, kdn-tekst'. a. Knit together; firm. 

Derharn. 
To CONTE'XT*, k6n-tekst'. v. a. To knit together. 

Junius. 
CONTE'XTURAL*, k6n-teks'-tshu-ral. a. Relating 

to the human frame. Smith. 
CONTEXTURE, kon-teks / -tshure.461.n..s. The dis- 
position of parts one amongst others ; the system. 
Wotton. 
CONTIGNATION, kon-dg-na'-shun. re. s. [contig- 
natio, Lat.] A frame of beams joined together ; a 
story. Wottoa. Framing a fabrick of wood. Burke. 
CONTIGUITY, kon-te-gu'-e-te. n. s. Actual con- 
tact. Broicn. 
CONTIGUOUS ^kon-uV-u-us. a. [contiguus, Lat.] 
Meeting so as to touch; bordering upon each other. 
Bacon. 
CONTIGUOUSLY, k&n-tlg'-u-us-le. ad. Without 

any intervening spaces. Dryden. 
CONTFGUOUSNESS, k&n-tlg'-u-fts-nes. re. s. Close 

connexion. Fuller. 
CO NTINENCE, kon'-te-nense. } n. s. Restraint ; 
CO NTLNENCY, kon'-te-nen-se. $ command of 
one's self. Dryden. Forbearance of lawful pleasure. 
Grew. Chastity in general. Sluxk. Moderation 
in lawful pleasures. Bp. Taylor. Continuity; un- 
interrupted course. Aylijfe. 
CONTINENTS, k6n'-te-nent. a. [continens, Lat.] 
Chaste; abstemious in lawful pleasures. Slvak. 
Restrained; moderate. Shak. Continuous; con- 
nected. Brerewood. Opposing. Shakspeare. 
CO NTINENT, k&n'-te-nent. n. s. Land not disjoint- 
ed by the sea from other lands. Waller. That 
which contains any thing. Sluikspeare. 
CONTINENTAL*, k6n-te-nent'-al. a. Respecting 
a continent ; particularly the continent of Europe. 
Burke. 
CONTINENTLY*, k&n'-te-nent-le. ad. Chastely. 

Martin. 
To CONTFNGE§, k&n-tfnje'. v. re. [contingo, Lat.] 

To touch ; to happen. 
CONTPNGENCE, kon-uV-jense. ) n. s. The qual- 
CONTPNGENCY, k&n-un'-jen-se. ] ity of being 
fortuitous; accidental possibility. Brown. The 
act of reaching to, or touching. Gregory. 
CONTINGENT, k6n-t?n'-jent. a. Falling out by 
chance. South. Dependent upon an uncertainty. 
Blackstone. 
CONTINGENT, k6n-uV-je-nt. re. s. A thing in the 
hands of chance. Grev). A proportion that falls to 
anv person upon a division. 
CONTINGENTLY, k6n-uV-jent-le. ad. Accident- 
ally ; without any settled rule. 
CONTINUAL, k6n-tin'-u-al. a. Incessant. Proverbs. 
[In law.] A continual claim is made from time to 
time, within every year and day. Coved. 



CONTINUALLY, kon-uV-u-al-le. ad. Without 
pause ; without interruption. Bacon. Without 
ceasing. Bentleu. 
CONTPNUALNESS*, k6n-dn'-u-al-nes. n.s. Per 
manence. Hales. 

CONTINUANCE, kSn-uV-u-anse. re. s. Succession 
uninterrupted. Addison. Permanence in one state. 
Sidney. Abode in a place. Duration. Shak. Per- 
severance. Rom. Progression of time. Psalm. 
Continuity. Bacon. 

To CONTINUATES*, k6n-uV-u-ate. v. a. To join 
closely together. Potter. 

CONTPNUATE, k&n-tln'-u-ate. 91. a. Immediately 
united. Hooker. Uninterrupted. Sluikspeare. 

CONTINUATELY, k6n-Un'-u-ate-le. ad. With con- 
tinuity. Wilkins. 

CONTINUATION, k&n-un-u-a'-shun. n. s. Pro- 
traction, or succession uninterrupted. Ray. 

CONTINUATIVE, k6n-tin'-u-a-dv. re. s. Perma- 
nence or duration. Watts. A grammatical con- 
junction. Harris. 

CONTPNUATOR, k&n-tin-u-a'-t&r. 521. re.*. He 
that continues the series or succession. Broicn. 

To CONTINUE $, k6n-uV-u. v. re. [continue, Lat.) 
To remain in the same state or place. St. Matt. To 
last; to be durable. 1 Sam. To persevere. St. John. 

To CONTINUE, k&n-tin'-u. v. a. To protract. 
Psalm. To unite without a chasm or intervening 
substance. Brown. 

CONTINUEDLY, k&n-tin'-u-e<l-le. ad. Without 
interruption. Norris. 

CONTINUER, kon-tk'-u-fir. re. s. Having the power 
of perseverance. Slmk. One who conunues in the 
same state. Hammond. 

CONTINUITY, k&n-te-nu'-e-te. n. s. [continuatus, 
Lat.] Connexion uninterrupted ; cohesion. Bacon. 
That texture or cohesion of the parts of an animal 
body, the destruction of which is a solution of con- 
tinuity. Quincy. 

CONTINUOUS, k&n-tin'-u-us. a. [continmes, Lat.) 
Joined together without the intervention of any 
space. Newton. 

CONTO'RSION*. See Contortion. 

To CONTORTS, k&n-tdrt'. v. a. [contorto, Lat.) 
To twist ; to writhe. Milton. 

CONTORTION, kon-tdr'-shun. n. s. Twist ; wry 
motion. Ray. 

CONTO'UR, k6n-t&or / . re. s. [Fr J The outline? 
the line by which any figure is defined or termi- 
nated. Drummond. 

CONTRA. A Latin preposition, used in compo- 
sition, which signifies against. 

CONTRABANDS kon'-tra-band. 524. a. [contra- 
bando, Ital.] Prohibited; illegal. Dryden. 

CONTRABAND* kon'-tra-band. n. s. Illegal traf- 
fick. Burke. 

To CONTRABAND, kon'-tra-band. v. a. To im- 
port roods prohibited. 

CONTRABANDIST*, k&n'-tra-ban-dlst. n. s. He 
who trafficks illegally. 

To CONTRA'CT §, k6n-trakt'. v. a. [contractus, Lat.) 
To draw into less compass. Donne. To lessen. 
Gov. of the Tongue. To draw the parts of any 
thing together. Milton. To make a bargain. 
Dryden. To betroth ; to affiance. Shak. To pro 
cure ; to bring ; to incur. K. Charles. To epito 
mise ; to abridge. 

To CONTRA'CT, k&n-trakt'. v.n. To shrink up. 
Arbuthnot. To bargain. To bind by promise of 
marriage. Bp. Taylor. 

CONTRA'CT', k&n-trakt'. pari. a. Affianced ; con- 
tracted. Shakspeare. 

CONTRACT, k&n'-trakt. 492. n. s. A bargain ; a 
compact. Temple. An act of betrothment. A writ- 
ing in which the terms of a bargain are included. 
1 Mace. 

95" Mr. Nares, in his English Orthoepy, page 338, has 
very properly criticised Dr. Johnson's observation on 
this word, whero lie says, " Dr. Johnson has accented 
" this word on the last syllable, and has subjoined this 
" remark — ' anciently accented on the first.' It is evi- 
" dent that the whole article should be reversed : the 
231 



CON 



CON 



O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, pin: 



V word should stand with the accent on the first, and the 
" remark should be — ' anciently accented on the last." 1 
The justness of these observations will appear from the 
quotations : 
" This is the hand which, with a vow'd contract, 
" Was fast belock'd in thine." Skakspeare. 

" I did ; and his contract with lady Lucy, 
" And his contra'ct by deputy in France." Shak. 
But that the accent should now be placed on the first syl- 
lable needs no proof but the general ear, and the general 
aV.alogy of dissyllable nouns and verbs of the same form. 
492. W. 
CONTRACTEDLY*, kon-trak'-ted-le. ad. In a con- 
tracted manner. Bp. Newton. 
CONTR ACTEDNESS, kdn-trak'-tSd-nes. n.s. Con- 
traction. Diet. 
CONTRACTIBFLITY, k&n-trak-te-bfl'-e-te. n. s. 
Possibility of being contracted. 

CONTRACTIBLE, k&n-trakMe-bl. a. Capable of 
contraction. Arbuthnot. 

CONTRACTIBLENESS, kon-trak'-te-bl-nes. n. s. 
The quality of suffering contraction. Diet. 

CONTRACTILE, kdn-trak'-dl. 145, 140. a. Having 
the power of contraction. Arbuthnot. 

CONTRACTION, kdn-trak'-shun. n. s. The act of 
contracting or shortening. Pope. Shrinking or 
shrivelling. Arbuthnot. The stale of being contract- 
ed, or drawn into a narrow compass. Bacon. The 
reduction of two vowels or syllables to one. Abbre- 
viation 5 as, The writing is full of contractions. 

CONTRACTOR, kdn-trak'-tur. n. s. One of the 

parties to a contract or bargain. Bp. Taylor. 
To CONTRADICT §, kon-tra-dikt'. v. a. [contra- 
dico. Lat.] To assert the contrary to what has 
been asserted. Dryden. To be contrary to ; to op- 
pose. Hooker. 

CONTRADICTER, k6n-tra-dlk'-tur. n.s. One that 
contradicts ; an opposer. Aijliffe. 

CONTRADICTION, k6n-tra-dik / -shnn. n. s. Verbal 
opposition. Milton. Opposition. Heb. Inconsis- 
tency with itself; incongruity in words or thoughts. 
Milion. Contrariety . in thought or effect. Sid- 
ney. 

CONTRADICTIONAL*, kdn-tra-dlk'-shan-al. a. 
Inconsistent. Milton. 

CONTRADICTIOUS, k&n-tra-dlk'-shfis. a. Filled 
with contradictions. More. Inclined to contradict. 
Bp. of Killala. Opposite to. Collier. 

CONTRADICTIOUSNESS,k6n-tra-d?k / -shtts-nes. 
rt.s. Inconsistency; contrariety to itself. Nonis. 

CONTRADICTORILY, k6n-tra-d]k'-tur-e-le. ad. 
Inconsistently with himself. Brown. 

CONTRADICTORINESS, kon-tra-dlk'-t&r-e-nes. 
n. s. Opposition in the highest degree. Baxter. 

CONTRADICTORY, k&n-tra-dik'-tur-e. a. Op- 
posite to ; inconsistent with. South. 

CONTRADICTORY, kSn-tra-dik'-tfir-e. n. s. A 
proposition which opposes another in all its terms. 
Bacon. 

CONTRADISTINCT*, kon-tra-dis-tfngkt'. a. Dis- 
tinguished by opposite qualities. Smith. 

CONTRADISTINCTION, k6n-tra-d?s-ting'-shan. 
408. n. s. Distinction by opposite qualities. Glan- 
r.ille. 

CONTRADISTINCTP7E*, k6n-tra-dls-fjngk'-tiv. 
a. That which marks contradistinction. Harris. 

To CONTRADISTINGUISH §, k6n-tra-dfs-t?ng'- 
gwlsh. v. a. [contra and distinguish.~\ To distinguish 
not simply by differential, but by opposite qualities. 
Pearson. 

CONTRAFFSSURE, k6n-tra-f?sh / -shure. 450, 452. 
n. s. A crack of the skull, in the same part where 
the blow was inflicted, is called fissure ; but, if in 
the contrary part, contrafissure. Wiseman. 

CONTRAFNDICANT*, k6n-tra-?n'-de-kant. n. s. 
[contra and indicans, Lat.] A symptom forbidding 
the usual treatment of the disorder, Burke. 

To CONTRAFNDICATE §,k6n-tra-m / -ded<ate. u .a. 
[contra and indico, Lat.] To point out some pecu- 
liar symptom or method of cure, contrary to the 
general tenour of the malady. Harvey. 

CONTRAINDICATION, k6n-tra-fn-de-ka/-shan. 
n. s. An indication or symptom, which forbids that 



to be done which the main scope of a disease points 
out at first. Arbuthnot. 
CONTRAMURE, k&n-tra-mvW. n.s. [contremur 
Fr.] An out wall built about the main wall of a 
city. Cliambers. 
CONTR AN ATURAL* k&n-tra-naf-tshi-ral. a. 

Opposite to nature ; unnatural. Bp. Rust. 
CONTRANITENCY, kon-tra-nl'-ten-se. n. s. [con- 
tra and nitens, Lat.] Reaction ; a resistency against 
pressure. Did. 
CONTRAPOSITION, kon-tra-po-zlsh'-fin. n. s. A 

placing over against. Potter. 
CONTRAPUNTIST*, kon-tra-pfin'-tlst. n. s. [con- 
trappunto. Ital.] One who is skilled in counter- 
point. Mason. 
c6NTRAREGULA / RITY ? k6n-tra-reg-iVlaV-e-tc. 

n. s. Contrariety to rule. Norr-is. 
CONTRA 'RIANT, k&n-tra/-re-ant. a. [contrariant, 

Fr.] Inconsistent; opposite; repugnant. Pearson. 
CONTRARIES, k&n'-tra-riz. 99. n. s. [In logick.] 

Propositions which destroy each other. Watts. 
CONTRARFETY, kcn-trd-rl'-e-te. n. s. Repug- 
nance ; opposition. Hooker. Inconsistency. Shak. 
CONTRA'RILY, k6n / -tra-re-le. ad. In a manner 

contrary. In different directions. Locke. 
$3= This and the following word are, by Dr. Johnson, ac- 
cented on the second syllable ; no doubt from the harsh- 
ness that must necessarily arise from placing the accent 
on the first, when so many unaccented syllables are to 
succeed. But if harmony were to take place, we should 
never suffer the stress on the first syllable of contrary, 
from which these words are formed ; but that once ad- 
mitted, as it invariably is by the best speakers, we 
should cross the most uniform analogy of our language, 
if we accented the adverb differently "from the substan- 
tive and the adjective; and therefore, however harsh 
they may sound, these words must necessarily have the 
accent on the first syllable. — See Contrary.' W. 

CONTRARINESS, k&n'-tra-re-nes. n.s. Contra- 
riety. Diet. 

CONTRA'RIOUS, kon-tra'-re-fts. a. Repugnant the 
one to the other. Sir T. Elyot. 

CONTRA'RIOUSLY, kon-tra'-re-fts-le. ad, Con- 
trarily. Shukspeare. 

CONTRARIWISE, kon'-tra-re-wlze. ad. Converse- 
lv. Bacon. Oppositely. Hooker. 

CdNTRARY$, kon'-tra-re. a. [contrarius, Lat.] 
Opposite ; contradictory. Davies. Inconsistent. 
Tillotson. Adverse j in an opposite direction. St 
Matt. 

95° The accent is invariably placed on the first syllable 
of this word by all correctspeakers, and as constantly 
removed to the second by the illiterate and vulgar. 
When common ears refuse a sound, it is a strong pre- 
sumption that that sound is not agreeable to the general 
harmony of the language. The learned often vitiate 
the natural taste for their own language by an affected 
veneration for others; while the illiterate, by a kind " 
of vernacular instinct, fall into the most analogical pro- 
nunciation, and such as is most suitable to the general 
turn of the language. Anciently this word, as appears 
by the poets, was most commonly pronounced by the 
learned, as it is now by the vulgar, with the accent on 
the second syllable ; but nothing can be now more firm- 
ly established than the accent on the first syllable, and 
the other pronunciation must be scrupulously avoided. 
—See Contrarily. TV. 

CONTRARY, konMra-re. n. s. A thing of opposite 
qualities. Shak. A proposition contrary to some 
other. Locke. — On the contrary. In opposition; 
on the other side. Shak. To the contrary. To a 
contraiy purpose. Stillingjleet. 

To CONTRARY, kon'-tra-re. v. a. [contrarier, Fr.] 

To oppose ; to contradict. Latimer. 
CONTRARY-MINDED*, kon-tra-re-mind'-eU a. 

Of a different opinion. Bp. Hall. 
CONTRASTS, konMrast. n. s. [contrasie, Fr.] Op- 
position and dissimilitude of figures, by which one 
contributes to the visibility or effect of another. 
Hay. 

To CONTRAST, kon-trasf. v. a. To place in op- 
position, so that one figure shows another to ad- 
vantage. To show another figure to advantage 
by its c«lour or situation. Dryden. 
CONTRATENOR*, k&n-tra-ten'-fir. n. *. [In mu- 
232 



CON 



CON 



-116, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pound ;— th'm, ruis. 



sick. Written also countertenor.] The middle part ; 
higher than '.lit* tenor, and below the treble. Mason. 

CONTRAVALLATION, k6n-tra-vaMa'-shftn. n. s. 
[contra and vallo, Lat.] The fortification thrown up 
round a city, to hinder the sallies of the erarrison. 
Watts. ' 5 

To CONTRAVE'NE §, k&n-tra-vene'. v. a. [contra 
and nemo. Lat.] To oppose ; to baffle. Johnson. 

CONTRAVENER, k&n-tra-ve'-nfir. n.s. He who 
opposes another. 

CONTRAVENTION, k6u-tra-veV-shfin. n. s. Op- 
position. Ld. Herbert. 

CONTR AVERSION*, kon-tra-ygr / -shfln. n. s. A 
turning to the opposite side. Congreve. 

CONTRAYE'RVA, kon-tra-yeV-va. n. s. A spe- 
cies of binh wort. Miller. 

CGNTRECTATION. kon-trek-ta'-shun. n. s. [con- 
trectatiq. Lat.] A touching or handling - . Ferrand. 

CONTRIBUTARY, kon-trlb'-u-ta-re. a. Paying- 
tribute to the same sovereign. Glanville. 
CONTRIBUTED, kdn-trlb'-ute.t\«. [c 



Lat.] To give to some common stock. Milton. 
To CONTRIBUTE, kon-trlb'-ute. v. n. To bear a 
part. Pope. 

CONTRIBUTION, kon-tre-biV-shfin. n.s. The act 
of promoting some design in conjunction. That 
which is given by several hands for some common 
purpose. Rom. That which is paid for the support 
of an army lving in a country. Shakspeare. 

CONTRI BUTlVE, k&n-trfy-i-tlv. a. That which 
promotes any purpose in concurrence with other 
motives. Bp. Taylor. 

CONTRIBUTOR, k6n-trlb / -u-tfir. 166. n. s. One 
that bears Dart in some common design. Shak. 

CONTRIBUTORY, k&n-trib'-u-tfir-e. 512. a. Pro- 
moting the same end. Chapman. 

To CONTRISTATE§, k&n-trls'-tate. v.a. [ccmtrh- 
to. Lat.] To make sorrowful. Bacon. Oh. J. 

CONTRISTATION, k&n-trls-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of making sad ; heaviness of heart. Bacon. Ob. J. 

CONTRITE §, k&n'-trltc. 140. a. [contritus. Lat.] 
Bruised; much worn. Worn with sorrow; harass- 
ed with the sense of guilt ; penitent. Shakspeare. 

55= This word ought to have the accent on the last syl- I 
lable, both a3 it is an adjective, from which is formed 
the abstract substantive contritencss, and as the accent 
on the first syllable has a tendency to shorten the i in 
the last. 140. Accordingly, Dr. Johnson, Mr. Scott, and 
Bailey, place the accent "on the last syllable ; but Mr. 
Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Ash, W. 
Johnston, Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, place it on the 
first, with unquestionably the best usage on their 
side. W. 

CONTRITELY t, k&BMrlte-te. ad. Penitently. 

[£7=" A= the adjective contrite, though contrary to ana-lo- | 
£V, seems to prefer the accent on the first syllable ; 
contritely and contriteness must necessarily have the 
accent on the same syllable.— See Contrarily. TV. 

CONTRITENESS, k&n'-trlte-nSs. n. s. Contrition. 
Diet. 

CONTRITION, kdn-tr?sh'-ftn. n. s. The act of grind- 
ing. Newton. Penitence ; sorrow for sin : in the 
strict sense, the sorrow which arises from the de- 
sire to please God, distinguished from attrition, or 
imperfect repentance produced by dread of hell. 
Hammond. 

CONTRI' VABLE, k&n-trl'-va-bl. a. Possible to be 
planned. Wilkins. 

CONTRIVANCE, kon-trl'-vanse. n. s. Contriving ; 
the thing contrived. Wilkins. Scheme; plan. 
Glanville. A conceit ; a plot ; an artifice. Dry- 
den. 

To CONTRIVE §, k&n-trlve'. v. a. [controuver, Fr.] 
To plan out ; to excogitate. Shak. To wear away. 
Ob. [conwo, contrivi, Lat.] Spenser. 

To CONTRIVE. kon-trW. v. n. To form or de- 
sign. Prior. 

CONTRIVEMENT k6n-trW-ment. n.s. Inven- 
tion. Sir (Jr. Buck. 

CONTRIVER, kftn-trl'-vur. 98. n. s. An inventor ; 
a schemer. S'lO-k^peure. 

CONTROLS, ken-trill'. 406. n.s. [contre, role, Fr.] 
A register or account kept by another officer, that 
SO 



each may be examined by the other. Check ; re 
strajnt. Waller. Power; superintendence. Shak. 

To CONTROL, kon-tr6lF. 406. v.a. [contreroller, old 
Fr.] To keep under check by a counter reckoning. 
To govern ; to restrain. Hooker. To overpower ; 
to confute. Bacon. 

CONTROLLABLE, k&n-troll'-a-bl. a. Subject to 
control. South. 

CONTROLLER, kon-trolF-ur. n. s. A superinten- 
dent. Shakspeare. 

CONTROLLERSHIP, k&n-troll'-fir-shlp. n. s. The 
office of a controller. 

CONTROLMENT, kon-troll'-ment. n.s. Superin- 
tending or restraining. Sir M. Sandys. Restraint. 
Davies. Opposition; confutation. Hooker. Re- 
sistance; hostility. Shakspeare. 

CONTROVE'RSARY*, kdn-tr6-veV-sa-re. a. Dis- 
putatious. Bp. Hall. 

CO'NTROVERSE§*, kon'-lro-vfrse. n. s. [contro- 
verse, old Fr.] Debate ; controversy. Spenser. 

To CONTROVERSE*, k&n'-tro-v&se. v. a. To dis- 
pute ; to debate. Hooker. See To Contro- 

VERT. 

CONTROVERSIAL, k&n-tro-veV-shal. a. Dispu- 
tatious. Locke. 

CONTROVERSIALIST*, kon-tr6-veV-shal-ist. 
n. s. One who is engaged in literary war; a dis- 
putant. Abp. Newcome. — This is a modern word ; 
and it is curious to observe, that heretofore it was 
controverser , controversor, and controverter, and even 
controversy-writer ; none of which have hitherto 
been noticed. 

CONTROVERSER*, 

CONTROVERSOR* 

A disputant ; a controvertist. Mountagu. 

CONTROVERSY, konMro-veV-se. n. s. 
debate : commonly in writing. Hooker. 



k6n / -tr6-ve'rs-ur. \ n. s. 



Dispute ; 
A suit in 
law. Deut. A quarrel. Jer. Opposition ; enmity. 
Shakspeare. 

CONTROVERSY- WRITER* k6n / -tr6-ve;r-se-rl / - 
tur. n. s. A controversialist, or controvertist. Bp. 
Barlmc. 

To CONTROVERT $, koV-tro-vert. v.a. [contro- 
verto, Lat.] To debate ; to dispute any thing in 
writing. Chei/ne. 

CONTROVERTER* kdn'-tri-vSrt-fir. n. s. A dis- 
putant. B. Jonson. 

CONTROVERTIBLE, k&n-lro-v&l'-e-bl. a. Dis- 
putable. Brown. 

CONTROVERTIST, kdn'-tro-vMsfw.*. Dispu- 
tant ; a man engaged in literary wars. Tillotson. 

CONTUMACIOUS, k6n-nVma/-shus. a. Obstinate ; 
perverse ; inflexible. Ayliife. 

CONTUMACIOUSLY, k&n-tft-ma'-shfls-le. ad. Ob- 
stinately; inflexibly. 

CONTUMA'CIOUSNESS, k&n-tA-ma'-smWs. 
n. s. Obstinacy ; perverseness. Wiseman. 

CONTUMACY §, koV-tu-ma-se. n.s. [contumacia, 
Lat.] Obstinacy; perverseness. Milton. Wilful 
disobedience to any lawful summons or judicial or- 
der. Ay line. 

CONTUMELIOUS, kon-tu-me'-le-fis. a. Reproach- 
ful; rude. Shakspeare. Inclined to utter reproach, 
or practise insults. Gov. of the Tongue. Produc 
live of reproach ; ignominious. Decay of Piety. 

CONTUMELIOUSLY, kon-tiVme'-le-us-le. ad 
Reproachfully; rudely. Hooker. 

CONTUME'LtOUSNESS, kdn-ti-me'-Ie-fis-nes. 
n.s. Rudeness; reproach. 

CONTUMELY?, kon'-tu-me-Ie. n.s. [contumelia, 
Lat.] Rudeness; contemptuousness ; bitterness of 
language ; reproach. Hooker. 

To CONTUND* k&n-tflnd'. v.a. [contundo, Lat.l 
To bruise ; to beat together. Gayton. The word 
is now contuse. 

To CONTU'SES, k&n-uW. 437. v.a. [conlus*^, 
Lat.] To beat together; to bruise. Bacon. To 
bruise the flesh without a breach of the continuity. 

VrlS£lflCL7l 

CONTU'SION, k&n-tu'-zhan. n.s. The act of beat- 
ing or bruising. The state of being beaten or 
bruised. Boyle. A bruise. Sliakspeare. 
233 



CON 



CON 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mgt ;— pine, pin : 



CONUNDRUM, kc-nun'-drQm. n. s. A low jest 5 a 
quibble. Phillips. 

CONUSABLE* kon'-u-sa-bl. a. Liable to be tried 
or judged. Bp. Barlow. 

CONUSANCE $, kon'-u-sanse. [See Cognizance.] 
«. s. [connoisa/ice , Fr.] Cognizance ; notice ; knowl- 
edge. A law term. 

ft$= Perhaps it may be pleaded by the gentlemen of the 
law, that this is the word they use instead of cogni- 
zance, and, consequently, that the charge against them 
of mutilating that word falls to the ground. But it 
may be answered, that the second syllables of these 
words are so different as to leave us in no doubt which 
they make use of; and that the words cognizable, cog- 
nizor, and cognizec, being pronounced by them without 
the g, are sufficient proofs of the justness of the ac- 
cusation. W. 

CONUSANT*, kon'-u-sant. a. Knowing. Hale. 

CONVALESCENCE, kon-va-leV-sense. ) - 1n 

CONVALE'SCENCY, kon-va-leV-sen-se. \ oW ' 
n. s. Renewal of health. Donne. 

CONVALESCENT^, kon-va-leV-sent. a. [conva- 
lescens, Lat.] Recovering ; returning to a state of 
health. 

CONVENABLE, kon-ve'-na-bl. a. [Fr.] Consistent 
with 3 agreeable to. Spenser. That may be con- 
vened. 

To CONVENER k&n-vene'» v.n. [convenio. Lat.] 
To come together; to associate. Boijle. To as- 
semble for anv publick purpose. Locke. 

To CONVENE, kon-vene'. v. a. To call together; 
to assemble. Clarendon. To summon judicially. 
Ai/liffe. 

CONVENER*, kon-ve'-nur. n. s. One who assem- 
bles with others for business. Mountao-u. 

CONVENIENCE, kon-ve'-ne-ense. fn. s. Fitness ; 

CONVENIENCY, kon-ve'-ne-en-se. $ propriety. 
Perkins. Commodiousness; ease. So:dh. Cause 
of ease ; accommodation. Wilkins. Fitness of 
time or place. Shakspeare. 

CONVENIENT §, kon-ve'-ne-ent. a. [conveniens, 
Lat.] Fit ; suitable ; commodious. 

CONVENIENTLY, kon-ve'-ne-ent-le. ad. Commo- 
diously; without difficulty. Sliakspeare. Fitly. 
Wilkins. 

CONVENING*, kon-ve'-ning. n. s. Convention ; 
the act of coming together. King Charles. 

CONVENT §, kon'-vSnt. n.s. [convmtus, Lat.] An 
assembly of religious persons ; a body of monks or 
nuns. A religious house ; an abbey ; a monastery ; 
a nunnery- Addison. 

To CONVENT, ken-vent'. 492. v. a. To call before 
a jud^e. Shakspeare. 

To CONVENT*, kon-vent'. v. n. To meet ; to con- 
cur. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

CONVENTICLE, koh-veV-te-kl. n. s. [conrenticu- 
lum, Lat.] An assembl}- ; a meeting. Ai/lilfe. An 
assembly for worship : used in an ill sense. Hook- 
er. A secret assembly. Shakspeare. An assem- 
bly, in contempt. Atterbnry. 

55= In the first edition of this [Walker's] Dictionary I 
followed Mr. Sheridan's accentuation of this word upon 
the first syllable, as I apprehended it was more agreea- 
ble to polite usage, though less agreeable to the ear 
than the accent on the second ; but, from a farther in- 
quiry, and a review of the authorities for both, I am 
strongly persuaded in favour of the latter accentuation. 
For the former we have Sheridan, Ash, W. Johnston, 
and Entick; and for the latter Dr. Johnson, Kenrick, 
Nares, Scott. Perry, Buchanan, and Bailey. The other 
accentuation seems chiefly adopted by the poets, who 
should not be deprived of their privilege of altering the 
accents of some words to accommodate them to the 
verse : 
" For 'twere a sin to rob them of their mite." — Pope. 

W. 

To CONVENTICLE*, kon-veV-te-kl. v.n. To be- 
long to a conventicle. South. 

CONVENTICLER, k&n-ven'-tfk-lfir. n. s. One that 
frequents private and unlawful assemblies. Dry- 
den. 

CONVENTION $, k&n-ven'-shfin. n. s. [conventio, 
Lat.] The act of coming together. Boyle. An as- 



sembly. Swift. A contract for a time, previous to 
a definitive treaty. 

CONVENTIONAL, kon-veV-shun-ai. a. Stipulat- 
ed ; agreed on by compact. Hale. 

CONVENTIONARY, k6n-ven'-shun-a-re. a. Act- 
ing upon contract. Carew. 

CONVENTIONIST* k6n-ven'-shun-ist. n. s. One 
who makes a contract or bargain. Sterne. 

CONVENTUAL, kon-ven'-tshu-al. a. Belonging to 
a convent ; monastick. Ayliffe. 

CONVENTUAL, k6n-ven'-lshu-al. n. s. One that 
lives in a convent. Addison. 

To CONVERGE §, kon-verje'. v.n. [convergo, Lat.] 
To tend to one point. Newton. 

CONVERGENT, k&n-veV-jent. ) a. Tending to one 

CONVERGING, kon-veV-jlng. \ point. 

CONVERGING Series. See Series. 

CONVERSABLE, kon-veV-sa-bl. a. Qualified for 
conversation. Addison. Communicative. It is 
sometimes written conversible, but improperly. J. 

CON VERS ABLENESS, k&n-veV-sa-bl-n&s. n.s. 
The quality of being a pleasing companion; flu- 
ency of talk. 

CONVERSABLY ; k6n-veV-sa-ble. ad. In a conver- 
sable manner. 

CONVERSANT, kon'-ver-sant, or kon-v^r'-sant. a. 
Acquainted with. Hooker. Having intercourse 
with ; acquainted. Joshua. Relating to ; concern- 
ing, Hooker. 

£0= There are such considerable authorities for each of 
these pronunciations as render a decision on that ground 
somewhat difficult. Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Bailey, place the accent on 
the second syj.able ; and Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, and 
Entick, accent the first. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott 
place it on both, and consequently leave it undecided. 
Analogy seems to demand the stress on the second sylla- 
i ble ; perhaps not so much from the relation the word 
bears to the verb to converse, — since it may possibly be 
derived from the noun cdnverse, 492, — as from the very 
general rule of accenting words of three syllables, that 
I are not simples in our language, on the second syllable 
i when two consonants occur in the middle. This rule, 
i however, is frequently violated in favour of the antepe- 
| nultimate accent, (the favourite accent of our lan- 
| guage.) as in aggrandize, amnesty, character, cdnver- 
I tite, ancestor, magistrate, prdtestant, &c. ; and, where 
| there is but one consonant in the middle, nothing is 
more common than to find the accent of the dissyllable 
verb neglected, and the trisyllable noun adopting the 
antepenultimate accent. Thus the words confident, 
president, provident, &c, are not accented like the 
verbs confide, preside, &c. &.C., but are considered as 
simples, and follow the general rule; which is, that all 
simples of three syllables, with but one consonant in 
the. middle, have the accent on the first, and that the 
vowel in this syllable is short. 503. Upon the whole, 
therefore, since authorities are so equal and analogy so 
precarious, usage must be the umpire: and my observa- 
tion fails me if that which may be called the best usage 
does not decide in favour of the accent on the first sylla- 
ble. W. 

CONVERSATION, kon-ver-sa'-shSn. n. s. Familiar 
discourse ; chat ; easy talk. Sidney. Discoursing 
upon any subject. Commerce ; intercourse ; famil- 
iarity. Dry'den. Behaviour. 1 Peter. Practical 
habits. Bacon. Commerce with a different sex. 

I Bp. Hall. 

j CON VERS A / TIONED*,kon-ver-sa / -shund. pari. a. 
Acquainted with the manner of acting in common 
life. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

! CONVERSATIVE, kdn-verZ-sa-uV. a. Relating to 
commerce with men ; not contemplative. Wotton. 

j CONVERSAZIO'NE*,kon-v&r-sh-zhe-6' ne. n.s. 
[Ital.] A meeting of company. Gray. 

! To CONVERSE $, kon-vgrse'. v. n. [conversor, Lat.] 
To cohabit with ; to hold intercourse with. Addi- 
son. To be acquainted with. SlutJc. To convey 
the thoughts reciprocally in talk. Milton. To dis- 
course familiarly upon anv subject. Dryden. To 
have commerce with a different sex. 
CONVERSE, kdn'-vgrse. 492. n.s. Conversation. 
Swift. Acquaintance ; familiarity. Glanville. [In 
geometry.] A proposition is said to be the converse 
of another, when, after drawing a conclusion from 
234 



- - - 



CON 



CON 



— no, mflve, n6r, not ; — tube, tftb, bull ; — 611 ; — pc-und ;— th'm, mis. 



something first proposed, we proceed to suppose 
what bat been before concluded, and to draw from 
it what had been supposed. Chambers. 

3C*p* It is highly probable that, this substantive was an- 
ciently pronounced like the V3rb,with the accent on the 
second syllable ; but nothing is now better established 
than the accent on the first. Even the line of Pope, 

u Generous cdnvcrse ; a soul exempt from pride — " 
however rugged with the accent on the first syllable 
of this word, cannot with propriety be read other- 
wise. W. 

CONVE'RSELY, k&n-verse'-le. ad. With change of 
order; reciprocally. Baxter. 

CONVERSION, k6n-veV-shun. n.S. Change of one 
state into another. Bacon. Change from reproba- 
tion to grace, from a bad to a holy life. Chanj; c 
from one religion to another. Acts. The intt/- 
change of terms in an argument; as. no virtue is 
vice; no vice is virtue. Chambers. — Convers' on 
of equations, [in algebra,] is the reducing of a f ac- 
tional equation into an integral one. 

CONVE RSIVE. kon-ver'-slv. a. Conversable. 

To CQNVE'RT^, kdn-vert'. v. a. [converio, Lat.] 
To charge into another substance. Burn I. To 
change from one religion to another. He nmond. 
To turn from a bad to a good life. Jar es. To 
turn towards any point. Brow.n. To app y to any 
use. Isaiah. To change one proposition into an- 
other. Hale. To turn into another language. B. 
Jonson. 

To CONVERT, k&n-vert / . v. n. To undergo a 
charge. Shakspeare. 

CONVERT, kon'-vert. 492. n.s. A person converted 
from one opinion to another. Stillinsfleet.. 

CONVERTER, kon-vert'-ur. n.s. One that makes 
converts. 

CONVERTIBILITY, kan-ver-te-btl'-e-te. n.s. The 
quality of being possible to be converted. Burke. 

CONVERTIBLE, k&n-veV-te-bl. a. Susceptible of 
change. Sir H. Wotlon. So much alike as that 
one mav be used for the other. Locke. 

CONVE/RTIBLY, k&n-ver'-te-ble. ad. Reciprocal- 
ly;, with interchange of terms. South. 

CO'NVERTITE, kon'-ver-tlte. 166, 503. n.s. [con- 
verti. Fr."j A convert. Shakspeare.' Oh. J. 

CONVEX $, kon'-v^ks. a. [convexus, Lat.] Rising 
in a circular form ; opposite to concave. Dry- 
den. 

CO'NVEX, kon'-veks. n. s. A convex body. Mil- 
ton. 

CONVE'XED, k6n-vekst'. 359. part. a. Formed con- 
vex. Brown. 

CONVE'XEDLY, kon-vek'-secl-le. 364. ad. In a 
convex form. Brown. 

CONVE'XITY, kon-veks'-e-te. n.s. Protuberance 
in a circular form. Newton. 

CONVE'XLY, kdn-veks'-le. ad. In a convex form. 
Grew. 

CONVE'XNESS, k&n-veks'-nes. n. s. Spheroidical 
protuberance : convexity. 

CONVEXO-CONCAVE, kdn-yeW-6-k6ng'-kave. 
a. Having the hollow on the inside correspond- 
ing to ihe external protuberance. Newton. 

TflCONVE'YS.k&n-va'. 269. v. a. [c<wue7w,'Lat.] 
To carry. Neh. To hand from tme to another. 
Locke. To remove secretly. Shak. To transmit. 
Locke. To transfer ; to deliver to another. Spen- 
ser. To impart by means of something. Locke. 
To impart ; to introduce. Sliakspeare. To manage 
with privacy. Shakspeare. 

To CONVEY*, kon-va'. v. n. To play the thief. 
Shakspeare. 

CONVEYANCE, kon-va'-anse. n. s. The act of re- 
moving any thing. SJiak. Way for carriage or 
transportation. Raleigh. Removing secretly from 
one place to another. Shak. The means by which 
any thing is conveyed. SJiak. Transmission. 
Locke. Act of transferring property ; grant. 
Spenser. Writing by which property is transfer- 
red. Clarendon-. Secret management; juggling 
artifice. IJjoker. 

CONVEYANCER, k6n-va/-?in-sur. n. s. A lawyer 



who draws writings by which property is transfer- 
red. Tern }</<>. 

CONVEYER, kon-va'-ur. n. s. One who carries or 
transmits. Brerewood. That by which any thing 
is conveyed. Burton. A juggler; an impostor ; a 
thief. Sliakspeare. 

CONVICFNITY*, k6n-ve-sm / -e-te. n. s. [con and 
victims, Lat.j Neighbourhood. Warton. 

To CONVICT^ kon-vikt'. v. a. [convinco, convic- 
lum. I, at.] To prove guilty; to detect in guilt. 
John. To confute. Brown. To show by proof or 
evidence. Hooker. To destroy ; to overpower ; to 
surmount. Shakspeare. 

CONVFCT, kon-vikt'. a. Convicted. Shakspeare. 

CONVICT, k&n'-vlkt. 492. n.s. One found guilty. 
Ayliffe. 

CONVl'CTION, k&n-vik'-shun. n.s. Detection of 
guilt. Milton. The act of convincing; confutation. 
Hooker. State of being convinced. Swift. 

CONVFCTIVE, kon-vlk'-dv. 157. a. Having the 
power of convincing. Bp. Hall. 

CONVFCTIVELY* l<6n-v'ik'-trv-le. ad. In a con- 
vincing manner. More. 

To CONVINCE §, kon-yinse'. [See To Collect.] 
v. a. [convinco, Lat.] To force any one to acknowl- 
edge a contested position. Tillotson. To prove 
guilty of. Jude. To evince ; to prove. Sliakspeare. 
To overpower ; to surmount. Shakspeare. 

CONVI'NCEMENT, k&n-vW-ment. n. s. Convic- 
tion. Milton. 

CONVFNCER*, k&n-vln'-s&r. n.s. That which 
makes manifest. More. 

CONVFNC1BLE, kon-vfn'-se-bl. a. Capable of con- 
viction. Capable of being disproved. Brown. 

CONVINCINGLY, kon-vk'-slng-le. ad. In such a 
manner as to leave no room for doubt. Bp. Hall. 

CONVINCINGNESS, k&n-vln'-s1ng-n§s. n.s. The 
power of convincing. 

CONVFTIOUS*, kon-vish'-us. a. [convitior, Lat.] 
Reproachful. Queen Elizabeth's Injunctions. 

To CONVFVE5, kon-vW. v.n. [convivo, Lat.] To 
entertain ; to feast. Shakspeare. 

CONVFVAL, kon-vl'-val. ) 113. a. Relating to an 

CONVFVIAL, kon-vH-'-yal. $ entertainment ; fes- 
tal ; social. Sir T. Brown. 

ToCO'NVOCATES, kon'-vo-kate. v. a. [convoco, 
Lat.l To call together. Maij. 

CONVOCATION, kon-v6-ka'-shun. n. s. Calling to 
an assembly. Sidney. An assembly. Lev. An as- 
sembly of the clergy for consultation upon matters 
ecclesiastical, in time of parliament. Cowel. A dis- 
tinct academical assembly, in which the general 
business of the university is transacted. Abp. 
Laud. 

To CONVO'KE§,k&n-v6ke'.t>.a. [convoco, Lat.] To 
call together. Locke. 

To CONVOLVE §, kon-volV. v. a. [convoko, Lat.] 
To roll together. Milton. 

CONVOLUTED, kon-vo-lu'-ted. part. Twisted; 
rolled upon itself. Woodv:ard. 

CONVOLUTION, kon-vo-liV-shun. n.s. Rolling 
any thing upon itself. Greic. Rolling together 
Thomson.. 
To CONVG'Y§, kon-voe'. v. a. [conveyer, Fr.] To 
accompany by land or sea for the sake of defence. 
Milfon. 

CONVOY, k&n'-v'oe. 492. n.s. Force attending on 
the road by way of defence. South. The act of 
attending as a defence. Shakspeare. Conveyance. 
Shakspeare. 

CONVO'L VUL US*, kSn-v&l'-vu-lfls. n. s. [Lat.] 

A genus of plants ; bind-weed. 
To CONVULSE §, kon-vulse'.t\«. [convulsus, Lat.] 
To give an irregular and involuntary motion to the 
oarts of any bodv. Hallywell. 

CONVULSION, "kon-vul'-shfin. n.s. An involunta- 
ry contraction of the fibres and muscles, whereby 
the body and limbs are preternaturally distorted, 
Locke. Tumult; disturbance. Temple. 

CONVULSIVE, kon-vul'-siv. 158, 428, a. [convul, 
sif, Fr.] That which produces involuntary motion. 
Hale. 

235 



coo 














COP 


VlT 559.- 


-Fate, far 


fall, fat; 


— m£, 


met; 


—pine 


plr 


'5— 



CONVULSIVELY*, kdn-vfil'-slv-le. ad. In an agi- 
tated or tumultuous manner. 
CO'NY §, kiW-ne. n. s. [cuniculus, Lat.] A rabbit. 

B. Jonson. A simpleton. 
CONY-BURROW, kfin'-ne-bar-o. n. s. A place 
where rabbits make their holes in the ground. 
Verstegan. 
To CONYCATCH, kun'-ne-katsh. v.n. To cheat; 

to bite ; to trick. Slmkspeare. 
CO'NYCATCHER, kun'-ne-katsh-ur. n. s. A thief; 

a cheat. 
To COO §, kflS. 10. v.n. To cry as a dove or pigeon. 

Thomson. 
CO'OING*, ko5'-?ug. 7i. s. Invitation, as the note of 

the dove. Young. 
COOK §, k66k. 306. n. s. [coquus, Lat.] One whose 

profession is to dress and prepare victuals. Sluxk. 
COOK-MAID, kofik'-made. n.s. A maid that dresses 

provisions. Addison. 
COOK-ROOM, kSSk'-rSom. n. s. The kitchen of a 

ship. Raleigh. 
To COOK, ko&k. v. a. To prepare victuals. Decaij 

of Piety. To prepare for any purpose. Sliak. 
To COOK*, or COUK*, k55k. v. n. To make the 

noise of the cuckoo. The Silkewormes. 
To COOK*, k6ok. v. a. To throw. Grose. 
COOKERY, kSSk'-ur-e. 555. n.s. The art of dress- 
ing victuals. Davies. 
COOL§, kdol. 306. a. [col, Sax.] Approaching to 

cold. Temple. Not zealous ; not ardent. Prov. 
COOL, kS5l. n. s. Freedom from heat. Addison. 
To COOL, kool. v. a. [colian, Sax.] To make 
cool ; to allay heat. St. Luke. To quiet passion, j 
Shakspeare. 
To COOL, kSol. y. n. To grow less hot. B. Jonson. 

To grow less warm. Shakspeare. 
COOL-CUP*, kSol'-kfip. rc. 5. A beverage so called, 
usually composed of wine, water, lemon-peel, su- 
gar, and borage ; and introduced at tables in warm 
weather. 
COOL-HEADED*, k&oF-he'd-ed. a. Without pas- 
sion. Burke. 
COOLER*, kSol'-ur. n. s. That which has the pow- 
er of cooling the body. Quincy. A vessel in which 
anv thing is made cool. Mortimer. 
CO'OLISH*, kSSl'-ish. a. Approaching to cold. 

Goldsmith. 
CO'OLLY, kdfll'-Ie. ad. Without heat, or sharp cold. 

Thomson. Without passion. Alterbury. 
CO'OLNESS, kfiSl'-nes. 77. s. [coelne r , Sax.] Gen- 
tle cold. Bacon. Want of affection ; disinclination. 
Clarendon. Freedom from passion. Spenser. 
COOM, k88m. 306. n. s. [ecume, Fr.] Soot that gath- 
ers over an ovens mouth. Pliillips. That matter 
that works out of ihe M-heels of carriages. 
COOMB, or COMB, kodrn. n. s. [cumulus, Lat.] A 

measure of com containing four bushels. 
COOP §, kodp. n. s. {kappa, Icel.] A barrel for the 
preservation of liquids. A cage ; a pen for ani- 
mals. Brawn. 
To COOP, k56p. v.a. To shut up in a narrow com- 
pass ; lo confine ; to cage. Shakspeare. 
COOPER, koo-pee'. ■;;. s. [coupe 1 , Fr.] A motion 

in dancing". 
CO'OPERrkOo'-pur. 98. n. s. One that makes coops 

or barrels. Child. 
COOPERAGE, kOu'-pCsr-ldje. 90. n.s. The price 

paid for cooper's work. 
To COOTERATE §, ko-op'-Sr-ate. v. n. [con and 
opera, Lat.] To labour jointly with another to the 
same end. Bacon. To concur in the same effect. 
Brown. 
COOPERATION, ki-op-er-a'-shun. n.s. The act 

of contributing to the same end. Bacon. 
COOTERATIVE, ko-op'-er-u-tlv. a. Promoting 
the same end. Davies. 



COORDINATE §, k6-6r'-de-nate. 91. a. [con and 
ordinatus, Lat.1 Holding the same rank ; not being 
subordinate. H. Wharton. 

COORDINATELY, ki-flr'-de-nate-le. ad. In the 
same rank. 

COORDINATENESS, k6-5r / -de-nate-ne ! s. n. s. The 



state of being coordinate. 
COORDIN ACTION, k6-6r-de-na/-shfin. n. 



The 



COO'PERATOR, ko-op'-eVd-tur. 521. 



He 



that promotes the same end with others. 
To COO PTATE§* ko-op'-tate. v. a. [coopto, Lat.] 

To choose. Cockeram. 
COOPTA'TION, k6-op-ta/-shan n.s Adoption;! 

rssumption. Howell. j 



state of holding the same rank. Howell. 

COOT, k36t. 306. n.s. [cotee, Fr.] A small black 
water-fowl, in fens and marshes. Beaumont. 

COP §, k6p. n. s. [cop, Sax.] The head ; the top of 
any thing. Chaucer. 

COPAL, kA'-pal, or kdp'-al. n.s. The Mexican term 
for a gum. 

COPARCENARY, k6-par / -se-na-re. n. s. Joint 
succession to any inheritance. Hale. 

COPARCENER $, k6-par'-se-nur. n. s. [con and 
particeps, Lat.] Such as have equal portion in the 
inheritance of their ancestor. Cowel. 

COPARCENY, k6-par / -se-ne. n.s. An equal share 
of coparceners. Phillips. 

COPARTMENT*. k6-part / -ment. n. s. Compart- 
ment. Warton. 

COPARTNER §, ko-part'-nur. 98. n. s. One that 
has a share in some common stock or affair ; one 
equally concerned. Shakspeare. 

COPARTNERSHIP, k6-part / -nur-ship. n.s. The 
state of bearing an equal part, or possessing an 
equal share. Hale. 

COPATAIN, kop'-a-tm. 208. a. High raised ; point- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

CQPA'YVA, k6-pa'-va. 98. n. s. A gum which dis- 
tils from a tree in Brazil. 

COPE §, k6pe. n. s. [caeppe, Sax.] Any thing with 
which the head is covered. A sacerdotal vestment 
worn in sacred ministration. Wheaily. Any thing- 
spread over the head, as the concave of the skies; 
any archwork over a door. 

To COPE, kdpe. v. a. To cover, as with a cope. 
Addison. To contend with ; to oppose. Shak. To 
reward; to give in return. Shakspeare. 

To COPE. k6pe. v.n. To contend; to struggle. 
Shakspeare. To encounter. Shakspeare. 

To COPE, k6pe. v. a. To embrace. Shale. Ob. J. 

COREMAN*, k6pe'-man. n.s. [coopman, Dutch.] 
A chapman. Verstegan. 

COPERNICAN*, kc-peV-ne-kan. a. Relating to 
the system of Copernicus. A. Smith. 

CORESMATE, kopes'-mate. n. s. Companion; 
friend. Spenser. 

GORIER, kftp'-pe-ttr. n. s. One that copies; a 
transcriber. Addison. One that imitates; a pla- 
giary. Dry den. 

COPING, k6 / -plng. n. s. The upper tire of masonry 
which covers the wall. 1 Kings. 

COPIOUS §, ko'-pe-us. a. [copia, Lat.] Plentiful; 
abundant. Milton. Abounding in words or im- 
ages ; not ban-en ; not concise. Milton. 

COPIOUSLY, k6 / -pe-<is-le. ad. Plentifully. Bp 
Berkeley. At large ; diffusedly. Addison. 

COPIOUSNESS, ki'-pe-fis-nes. n.s. Plenty; abun 
dance. Howell. Diffusion; exuberance of style, 
Dryden. 

COR'IST, kop'-Ist. n. s. A copier. Harmar. 

GOTLAND, k&pMand. n. s. A piece of ground in 
which the land terminates with an acute angle. 
Diet. 

To COPLA'NT*, ko-planf. v. a. To plant together. 

at the same time. Howell. 
COPORTION*, ko-pore'-sh&n. n. s. Equal share. 

Spenser. 
COTPED, k&p'-ped, or kopt. 356. a. Rising to a 

top or head. Shakspeare. 
COTPEL, kftp'-pel. n. t An instrument used in 
chymistry to try and purify gold and silver. Har- 
ris. 
CO'PPER§, kdp'-pfir. 98. n.s. [cuprum, Lat.] One 

of the six primitive metals. Clmmbers. 
COTPER, kop'-pfir. n. s. A vessel made of cop 
per, commonly used for a boiler, larger than % 
movable pot. Bacon. 

236 



COP 



COR 



— 116, move, ndr, nfit; — ti'ibe, tftb, bfill; — 6ll; — pdfind; — thin, this. 



COPPER-NOSE.. k&p'-pftr-n6ze. n. s. A red nose. 

Shakspeare. 
COPPER-PLATE, kdp-pfir-platc'. n. s. A plate 

on which pictures are engraven. 
COPPER-WORK, k&p'-p&r-wdxk. n. s. A place 
where copper is worked or manufactured. Wood- 
ward. 
CO'PPERAS, k6p'-pur-as. n. s. [kopperoose, Dut.] 
A name given to three sorts of vitriol, the green, 
the bluish green, and the white, which are pro- 
duced in mines. What is commonly sold for cop- 
2>eras is an artificial vitriol, made of stones ibund 
on the sea-shore, called gold stones. Chambers. 
OO'PPERISH*, kop'-pftr-ish. a. Containing copper. 

Robinson. 
COPPERSMITH, kop-pur-smta. n. s. One that 

manufactures copper. Swift. 
COPPER WORM, kop'-pur-wfirm. n.s. A little 
worm in ships. A moth that fretteth garments. A 
worm breeding in one's hand. Ainsworth. 
CO'PPERY, kop'-pfir-e. a. Containing copper. 

Woodward. 
COTPICES, k&p'-pk 142. n.s. [coupeaux, Fr.] 
Low woods cut at stated times for fuel. Sidney. 
See Copse. 
COPPING*. See Coping. 
CO'PPLE-DUST, kdp'-pl-dfist. n. s. Powder used 

in purifying metals. Bacon. 
COPPLE-STONES are fragments of stone broken 
from the adjacent cliffs, rounded by the action of 
the water. Woodward. 
CO'PPLED, k&p'-pld. 359. a. Rising in a conick 

form ; rising to a point. Woodward. 
COPSE f, k6ps. n.s. [abbreviated from coppice.] 
Low wood cut at a certain growth for fuel ; a place 
overgrown with short wood. Careio. 
To COPSE, k6ps. v. a. To preserve underwoods. 

Farin.o-don. 
CO'PSY*. kdp'-se. a. Having copses. Dyer. 
CO'PTICK*, kop'-tlk. n. s." The language of the 
Copts; the ancient Egyptian language. Worth- 
ing ton. 
COPULA, kop'-u-la. 92. n.s. [Lat..] The word 
which unites the subject and predicate of a propo- 
sition ; as, Books are dear. Watts. 
To COPULATE §, k6p'-u-late. v. a. [copulo, Lat.] 

To unite ; to conjoin. 
To CO'PULATE, kdp'-ft-late. v.n. To come to- 
gether as different sexes. 
CO'PULATE*. kop'-u-late. a. Joined. 
SQPULA'TION, kop-u-la'-shrm. n. s. The congress 
or embrace of the two sexes. Hooker. Any con- 
junction. Pnttenham. 
COPULATIVE, kSp'-u-la-tiv. 157. a. A term of 

grammar. Watts. 
CO/PULATIVE* kop'-u-la-tlv. n. s. A conjunc- 
tion in grammar. Harris. Connexion; conjunc- 
tion, by marriage. RicoM. 
CO'PY f, kop'-pe. 482. n. s. [copie, Fr.] A transcript 
from the original. Waller. An individual book; 
as, A good copy. Hooker. The autograph ; the 
original. Shah. An instrument by which any con- 
veyance is made in law. Shak. A picture drawn 
from another picture. Bramston. Abundance ; 
plenty. Translators of the Bible. 
COPY-BOOK, k&p'-pe-b65k. n. s. A book in which 
copies are written for learners to imitate. Shak- 
speare. 
CO'PY-HOLD, hop'-pe-hold. n.s. A tenure, for 
which the tenant hath nothing to show but the copy 
of the rolls made by the steward of his lord's court. 
Camel. 
COPY-HOLDER, korApe-hdl-dfir. n.s. One that 

is possessed of land in copvhold. B. Jonson. 
COPY-RIGHT*, k&p'-pe-flte. n.s. The property 
which an author, or his assignee, has in a literary 
work. Blackstone. 
To CO'PY, k&p'-pe. v. a. To transcribe ; to write 
after an original. Prov. To imitate; to propose 
to imitation. Dryden. 
To CO'PY, kop'-pe. v. n. To imitate. Dryden. 
CO'PYER* k6p'-pe-fir. n. s. A copier. Bentiey. 



CO'PYIST*, kop'-pe-?st. n.s. A transcriber. Black- 

wall. An imitator. Dr. Warton. 
COQUELICO'T*, k6ke-le-k6'. n.s [Fr.] The 

red-corn rose; a colour nearly red, so called 

from it. 
To COQUE'T, k6-keY. 415. v. a. To entertain with 

compliments and amorous tattle. Swift. 
To COOUE'T, ko-ket'. v.n. To act the lover; to 

entice by blandishments. Sivift 
CO'QUETRY, ko-ket'-re. n.s. Affectation of 

amorous advances; desire of attracting notice. 

Addison. 
COQUE'TTE §, ko-ket'. n. s. [coquette, Fr.] A gay, 

airy girl ; a woman who endeavours to attract no- 
tice. Tatler. 
COQUETTISH*, ko-keV-lsh. a. Affecting the 

manner of a coquette. Sivinburne. 
COR*, k6r. n. s. [corns, Lat.] The measure of a 

pottle. Wicliffe. 
CO'RACLE, k&r'-a-kl. n. s. [cwrwgty Welsh.] _ A 

boat used in Wales by fishers, made by drawing 

leather or oiled cloth upon a frame of wicker work. 

Hole. 
CO'RAL §, kor'-a.l. n.s. [corallum, Lat.] A plant of 

great hardness a::d stony nature, growing in the 

water. Hill. The piece of coral which children 

have about their necks, imagined to assist them in 

breeding teeth. Pope. 

$C$° We sometimes hear this word pronounced curral ; 
but this is contrary to all our pronouncing dictionaries^ 
and ought to be avoided. W. 

CORAL-TREE, k&r'-al-tre. n.s. A native tree of 
America, which produces very beautiful scarlet 
flowers. Miller. 

CO'RALLINE,k6r'-al-m. 150. a. Consisting of coral. 
Woodward. 

CO'RALLINE, kor'-al-ln. n.s. A sea-plant used 
in medicine. Hill. 

CO'RALLOID, k&r'-al-l6M. > a. Resembling 

CO'RALLOIDAL, kor-al-lold'-al. \ coral. Broicn. 

CO'RANT, k6-ranf. n. s. [ccurant, Fr.] A lofty 
sprightly dance. Temple. A paper of news. B. 
Jonson. 

CORA'JNTO*. ko-ran'-t6. n. s. An air or dance. B. 
Jonson. H 

CORB*, k6rb. n. s. [corbeau, Fr.] An ornament in 
building. Spejiser. 

CO'RBAN, kor'-ban. 168. n. s. An alms-basket ; a 
gift ; an alms. Cabnet. 

CORBE, k6rb. a. [courhe. Fr.] Crooked. Spenser. 

CO'RBEILS, kSr'-belz. n, s. [corbeilh, Fr.] Little 
baskets used in fortification, filled with earth. 

CO'RBEL, kdr'-bel. n. s. [In architecture.] The 
representation oi a basket sometimes placed on the 
heads of the caryatides. 

CO'RBEL, I ,*, , v, \ n. s. A short piece of tim- 

CO'RBIL, S KOr " Da, <> ber sticking out a few- 
inches from a wall. A niche left in walls for figures. 
Chambers. 

CO'RBY*, k6r'-be. n. s. [corbeau, Fr.] A raven. 

CORD §, k6rd. n. s. [chorda, Lat.] A rope ; a string; 
composed of several strands or twists. Joslnia. Thcr 
cords extended in setting up tents furnish several 
metaphors in scripture. Isaiah, xxxiii. A quantity 
of wood for fuel, supposed to be measured with a 
cord. Eveh/n. 

CORD-MAKER, kord'-ma-kfir. n.s. Aropemake? 

CORD-WOOD, kdrd'-w&d. n. s. Wood piled up 
for fuel, to be sold by the cord. 

To CORD, k6rd. v. a. To fasten with cords. Cot- 
grave. 

CO'RDAGE, kor'-dldjc. 90. n. s. A quantity of ccrds ; 
the ropes of a ship. Drayton. 

CO'RDED, kor'-ded. a. Made of ropes. Shetkspeare. 
Bound with a cord. 

CORDELI'ER, k6r-de-leer'. 275. n. s. A Francis- 
can friar; so named from the cord which serves 
him for a cincture. Prior. 

CO'RDIAL §. kcV-je-al. 294, 376. n. s. [cordial, old 
Fr.] A medicine that increases the force of the 
heart. Any medicine that increases strength. Ar 
237 



COR 



COR 



[CP559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin;— 



buthnot. Any thing that comforts, and exhilarates. 
Spenser. 

§3° There is certainly a tendency in the d, as well as in 
the t, to slide into a soft, hissing sound, when preceded 
by the accent, and followed by a diphthong or a diph- 
thongal vowel, commencing with the sound of e. This 
is evident by the current pronunciation of immediate, 
verdure, &c, as if written immejcate.verjure, &c. 294; 
and this pronunciation is so agreeable to the genius of 
our language, that the organs slide into it insensibly. 
Mr. Sheridan, in order to mark this sound, has adopted 
the y, and spelled the word cor-dy-al .• and if y is here 
articulated as a consonant, as is intended, its connexion 
with d produces a sound so near the hiss in cor-je-al, as 
to be with difficulty distinguished from it. W. 

CO'RDIAL, kcV-je-al. a. Reviving; invigorating, 
Shakspeare. Sincere; hearty. Hammond. 

CORDIA'LITY, kor-je-al'-e-te. n. s. Relation to the 
heart. Brown. Sincerity. 

CO'RDIALLY, kor'-je-al-le. ad. Sincerely; heart- 
ily. More. 

CO'RDIALNESS*, kor'-je-al-n&s. n.s. Heartiness. 
Cotgrave. 

CO'RDINER, kor'-de-nur. n. s. [cordonnier, Fr.] A 
shoe-maker. 

CO'RDON, kSr'-dfin. n. s. [Fr.] [In fortification.] 
A row of stones jutting out before the rampart. 
Chambers. 

CO'RDON*, kor'-dun. n. s. [Fr.] A band ; a wreath. 
Sir E. Sandys. 

CORDOVA'N*, kdr-di-van'. n. s. [cordouan, Fr.] 
Spanish leather. Fletcher. 

CO'RDWAIN§, kord'-wane.n. s. Cordovan leather, 
from Cordova in Spain. Spanish leather. Spenser. 

CO'RDWAINER, kord'-wa-nur. n. s. A shoe- 
maker. Bp. Hall. 

CORE j, k6re. n. s. [cor, L at.] The heart. Shak. 
The inner part of any thing. Raleigh. The inner 
part of a fruit, which contains the kernels. Bacon. 
The matter contained in a sore. Dryden. A body 
or collection. Bacon. A disorder incident to sheep, 
occasioned by worms in their livers. Chambers. 

CORE'GENT*, k6-re / -jent. n. s. [con and regent.] 
A joint regent or governour. Wraxall. 

CORE'LATIVE*. See Correlative. 

CORIACEOUS, k6-re-a ; -shus. a. [coriaceus, Lat.] 
Consisting of leather. Of a substance resembling 
leather. Arbuihnot. 

CORIANDER, k6-re-an'-dur. 98. n. s. [coriandrum, 
Lat.] A plant. Wilier. 

CO'RINTH §, kur'-ran. n.s. [from the city of that 
name.] A small fruit commonly called currant. 
Phillips. 

CORI'NTHIAN Order, is generally reckoned the 
fourth, but by some the fifth, of the five orders of 
architecture; and is the most noble, rich, and 
delicate of them all. Harris. 

CORI'NTHIAN*, kd-rln'-#ie4n. a. Relating to the 
licentious manners of Corinth. Millcn. 

CORI'NTHIAN*, ki-rb'-^e-an. n.s. One of those 
at Corinth. 2 Cor. vi. In allusion to the notorious 
licentiousness of Corinth, " to play the Corinthian" 
denotes a profligate person. Shakspeare. 

CORI'VAL§*. n.s. See Corrival. Bacon. 
To CORI'VAL*, k6-ri'-val. v. a. To affect to equal 
Shakspeare. 

CORK§, kork. n. s. [Jcorck, Dutch.] A glandiferous 
tree, in all respects like the ilex, excepting the 
bark. Miller. The bark of the cork tree used for 
stopples. A. piece of cork cut for the stopple of a 
bottle or barrel. Shakspeare. 
To CORK*, kSrk. v. a. To stop with corks. Bp 
Hall. 

CO'RKING-PIN, k6r-king-pm / . n. s. A pin of the 
largest size. Swift. 

CO'RKY, k6r'-ke. a. Consisting of, or resembling 

cork. Shakspeare. 
CORMORANT, k6V-m6-rant. n. s. [cormoran, Fr.] 

A bird that preys upon fish. Shak. A glutton. 
CORN §, l<6rn. n. s. [cojm, Sax.] The seeds which 
grow in ears, not in pods ; such as are made into 
bread. John. Grain yet unreaped. Shak. Grain 



in the ear, yet unthreshed. Job. Any minute par 
tide. Bp. Hall. An excrescence on the feet, hard 
and painful. Sliakspeare. 

To CORN, kSrn. v. a. To salt ; to sprinkle with salt. 
To granulate. Dryden. 

CORN-BIND*, kdrn'-blnd. n.s. Climbing buck- 
wheat. Grose. 

CORN-CRAIK*, korn'-krake. n. s. The land-rail, 
so called probably from its constant note, craik, 
craik. 

CORN-FIELD, k6rn'-feeld. n. s. A field where corn 
is growing. Shakspeare. 

CORN-FLAG, k6rn'-f%. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

CORN-FLOOR, kdm'-fldre. n. s. The floor where 
corn is stored. Hosea. 

CORN-FLOWER, kdrn'-fM-ur. n. s. Flowers 
which grow only amongst corn. Bacon. 

CORN-HEAP*, kSrn'-heep. n. s. Store of corn. Bv. 
Hall, 

CORN-LAND, k6rn'-land. n. s. Land appropriated 
to the production of grain. Mortimer. 

CORN-LOFT*, korn'-loft. n. s. Granary. Sherwood. 

CORN-MARIGOLD, k6rn'-mar-re-gold. n.s. A 
flower. 

CORN-MASTER, k6rn'-ma-stur. n. s. One that cul 
tivates corn for sale. Bacon. 

CORN-METER*, korn'-me-tur. n. s. One who su 
perintends the measure of corn. 

CORN-MILL, korn'-mfl. n. s. A mill to grind corn 
Mortimer. 

CORN-PIPE, k6rn' -pipe. n.s. A pipe made by slit 
ting the joint of a green stalk of corn. Tickel. 

CORN-ROCKET, k6rn'-r6k-it. n.s. A plant. 

CORN-ROSE, korn'-roze. n. s. A species of poppy. 

CORN-SALAD, kdrn'-sal-ad. n. s. An herb, whose 
top leaves are a salad of themselves. Mortimer. 

CORN-VIOLET*, kcW-vl-6-let. n. s. A species of 
campanula. 

CO'RNAGE, kSrn'-aje. n. s. [cornage, old Fr.] A 
tenure which obliges the landholder to give notice 
of an invasion by blowing a horn. Blount. 

CO'RNAMUTE*, kSr'-na-mute. n.s. A wind in- 
strument. Drayton. 

CO'RNCHANDLER, korn'-tshand-lur. n.s. One 
that retails corn. 

CO'RNCUTTER, kSrn'-k&t-tur. n. s. A man whose 
profession is to extirpate corns from the foe. Wise- 
man. 

CO'RNEA*, k6r'-ne-a. n. s. [Lat.] The horny coat 
of the eye. Reid. 

CO'RNEL, kor'-neL > „ . 

CORNE'LlAN-TREE,k6r-ne'-le-an-tre. $ '"/*• 
[comille, cornie, Fr.] A tree bearing the fruit com- 
monly called the cornel or cornelian cherry. Mor- 
timer. 

CORNE'LIAN STONE, k6r-ne'-le-an-st6ne. See - 
Carnfxian. 

CO'RNEM £/S£, kor'-ne-muze. n. s. [Fr.] A kind ' 
of ruslick flute, or, as some think, the bag-pipe ; a 
shawm. 

CORNEOUS, k6r'-ne-us. a. [Lat.j Horny. Broicn. 

CO'RNER§, kcV-nur. 98. n.s. (cornier, Fr.] An 
angle. A secret or remote place. Shak. The ex- 
tremities; the utmost limit. Shakspeare. 

CORNER-STONE, kor'-nur-st6ne. n.s. The stone 
that unites the two walls at the corner ; the princi- 
pal stone. Shakspeare. 

CORNER-TEETH of a Horse, are the four teeth 
between the middling teeth and the tushes. Far- 
rier's Dictionary. 

CO'RNERED*, kdr'-neYd. a. Having angles or cor- 
ners. Lovelace. 

CO'RNERWTSE, kcV-nur-wlze. ad. Diagonally; 
with the corner in front. Huloet. 

CO'RNET §, kSr'-net. 99. n. s. [cornette, Fr.] A mu- 
sical instrument blown with the mouth. 2 Sam. A 
company or troop of horse. Bacon. The officer 
that bears the standard of a troop. Lord Chester- 
field. A standard or flag. Drayton. — Cornet of 
a horse, is the lowest part of his pastern that runs 
round the coffin. Farrier's Did. A scarf anciently 
worn by doctors. Cotgrave. A head-dress Cot- 



COR 



COR 



-116, move, nor, not;— tu.be, tub, bull;— 61I5— pfiund;— th'm, THis. 



grave. A cornet ot paper, is a cap of paper,] 
made by retailers for small wares. 
CO RNETCY*. k6r / -n?t-se. n. s. The commission of j 

a cornet. Lord Chesterjield. 
CO'RNETER, kor'-net'-ur. n.s. A blower of the 

cornel. Hakewill. 
CORNICE, kdr'-nis. 112. n.s. [corniche, Fr.l The 

highest projection of a wall or column. Dryden. 
CCRNICE Ring. [In gunnery.] The next ring 

from the muzzle backwards. Chambers. 
CO RNICLE, kor'-nlk-kl. 405. n.s. [cornu, Lat.] A 

little horn. Broirn. 
CORNI'CULATE, kor-nik'-u-latc. a. [In botany.] 
Such plants as produce many distinct and horned 
pods. Chavibers. Horned. More. 
OORN1GEROUS, kSr-nidje'-e-rus. a. [corniger, 

La!.] Horned; having- horns. Brown. 
CO RNING-HOUSE*, kfir'-ning-hfifis. n.s. The 

place where gun-powder is granulated. Sprat. 
CO RMSH*, k5r'-nish. n. s. The people of Cornwall. 

Richards. 
CO RMSH*, kSr'-nlsh. a. Relating to tne language 

or manners of the Cornish. Richards. 
CORNUCOPIA, kdr-nu-k6'-pe-a. n.s. [Lat.] The 
horn of plenty; a horn topped with fruits and 
flowers in the hands of a goddess. 
To CORN! 'TE §, k6r-nute'. v. a. [cornutus, Lat.] 

To bestow horns ; to cuckold. Burton. 
CORNUTED, kor-nu'-ted. a. Grafted with horns ; 

cuckolded. L'Estrange. 
CORNU TO. k6r-nu'-t6. ?i.s. A cuckold. Shale. 
CORNU'TOR*, k6r-nu'-tur. n. s. A cuckold-maker. 

Jordan. 
CORNY, k6r'-ne. a. Strong or hard like hom. Mil- 
ton. Producing grain or corn. Prior. Containing 
corn. Dryden. 
CO'ROLLARY, kor'-o-lar-e. 168. n.s. [corollari- 
um, Lat.] The conclusion. Dryden. Surplus. Shak. 
J£r Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, 
Buchanan, Entick, and Smith, accent this word on the 
first, and Dr. Kenrick, Scott, Perry, and Bailey, on the 
second syllable. The weight of authority is certainly 
for the accentuation I have adopted, and analogy seems 
to confirm this authority. For as the word is derived 
from corollarium, with the accent on the antepenulti- 
mate, our pronunciation of this word generally lays an 
additional accent on the first syllable, which, when the 
word is shortened by dropping a syllable in corollary, 
becomes the principal accent, as in a thousand other 
instances. — See Academy. W. 
CORONA, ko-ro'-na. n. s. [Lat.] A large flat mem- 
ber of the cornice, which crowns the entablature. 
Chambers. 
CORONAL, k6i- / -6-nal. 168. 71.5. A crown; a gar- 
land. Spenser. 
CO'RONAL, kor-6'-nal. a. Belonging to the top of 

the head. Wiseman. 
CO RONARY,k6r y -6-nar-e. a. Relating to a crown. 
Broirn. It is applied in anatomy to arteries, which 
are fancied to encompass the heart in the manner 
of a garland. Bentley. 
CORONATION, k6r-6-na'-shun. n.s. The act or 
solemnity of crowning a king. Sidney. The pomp 
or assembly present at a coronation. Pope. 
CO'RONEL*, kor'-o-nel. n.s. [Span.] A colonel. 

Spenser. 
CO RONER, krV-6-nur. n. s. [from corona.] An 
officer whose duly is to inquire, on the part of the 
king, how any violent death was occasioned; for 
which purpose a jury is empannelled. Sliakspeare. 
CO'RONET, kor'-6-net. n. s. An inferiour crown 
worn by the nobility. Shak. An ornamental head- 
dress. Sidney. 
CO'RPORAL, kSr'-p6-ral. 168. n.s. [caporal, Fr.] 

The lowest officer of the infantry. Gay. 
CO'RPORAL of a Ship. An officer that hath the 

charge of setting the watches and sentries. 
CO'RPORAL*, kcV-pi-ral. n. s. [corporail, Fr.] 
The fine linen wherein the sacrament is put. 
Wlieatley. 
CO'RPORAL $, k6r'-po-ral. a. [corpus, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the body. Shak. Material ; not spiritual. 
Slvak. Relating to an oath so called. Brand. 



CORPORA'LITY,k6r-p6-ral'-e-te. n.s. The quality 
of being embodied. Raleigh. Corporation ; con- 
fraternity. Milton. 

CORPORALLY, kdr'-p6-ral-e. ad. Bodily. Abp 
Crammer. 

CO'RPORATE$, kfir'-pa-rite. 91. a. United in a 
body or community; enabled to act in legal pro- 
cesses as an individual. Spenser. General ; united. 
Shakspeare. 

CO'RPORAS*, kfir'-pi-ras. n. s. The old name of 
the corporal, or communion cloth. Bale. 

To CO'RPORATE*, kSr'-p6-rate. v. n. To unite. 
More. 

CO'RPORATELY*, k6r / - P 6-rate-le. ad. In a cor- 



porate capacity. 
CORPORATENESS, kfir'-po-rate-nes. n. 



The 



state of a body corporate. Viet. 
CORPORATION, kdr-p<Wa'-shun. n. s. A body 
politick, authorized by the king's charter to have a 
common seal, one head officer or more, and mem- 
bers, able, by their common consent, to grant, or 
receive, in law, any thing within the compass of 
their charter. Con-el. 
CO'RPORATURE, k6r'-p6-ra-ture. n. s. The 

state of being imbodied. Mare. 
CORPOREAL, k6r-po'-re-al. a. Having a body ; 
not spiritual. Milton. Inaccurately for corporal. 
Swift. 
CORPO'REALIST*, k6r-p6'-re-al-fst. n.s. One 

who denies spiritual substances. Sherlock. 
CORPO'REALLY*, kor-p6'-re-al-le. ad. In a ma- 
terial or bodily manner. Bp. Richardson. 
CORPOREITY, k6r- P 6-re'-e-te. n. s. Materiality. 

Brown. 
CORPO'REOUS*, k6r-p6'-re-us. a. Bodily; having 

a body. Hammond. 
CORPORIFICA'TION, kor-por-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. 

The act of giving bodv or palpability. 
To CORPO RIFY, k6f-por'-e-fl. v. a. To imbody. 

Bwjle. Ob. J. 

CO'RPOSANT* k6r'-p6-sant. ) n. s. [cuerpo san- 

CO'RPUSANSE* kor'-pu-sanse. \ to, Span. i. e. 

holy body.] A word used by mariners to denote 

those luminous bodies, which sometimes skip about 

the masts and yards of ships. Shaw. 

CORPS, k6re. n. s. plural k6rz. [corps, Fr.] A 

body of forces. 
$5" Perhaps it is the unpleasing idea this word suggests, 
when pronounced in the English manner, that has fixed 
it in the French pronunciation. Nothing can be more 
frightful to an elegant ear, than the sound it has from 
the mouth of those who are wholly unacquainted with 
its fashionable and military usage. W. 

CORPS DE GARDE*, k6re-de-gard / . n. s. [Fr.] 

See Court of Guard. 
CORPSE, k6rps. 168. n. s. [corps, Fr. corpus, Lat.] 

A body. Spenser. A body, in contempt. Milton. 

A dead body; a corse. Shak. The body in op- 
position to the soul. Denham. The land with which 

a prebend, or other ecclesiastical office, is endow 

ed. Bacon. 
CO'RPULENCE, kor'-pu-lense. ) n. s. [corpulentia, 
CO'RPULENCY, k6r'-pi-)en-se. \ Lat.] Bulkiness 

of body. Donne. Spissitude ; grossness of matter, 

Ray. 
CORPULENT, kdr'-pu-lent. a. Fleshy; bulky. B 

Jonson. 
CO'RPUSCLES, kSr'-pus-sl. 351,405. n.s. [corpus 

culum, Lat.] A small body ; a particle of matter. 

Newton. 
CORPU'SCULAR, k6r-pfis'-ku-lar. ■ > 

CORPUSCULA'RIAN,k6r-pus-ku-l^-re-an. > a ' 

Relating to bodies ; comprising bodies. Boyle. 
CORPUSCULA'RIAN*, k6r-pus-ku-la'-re-an. n.s. 

A corpuscularian philosopher. Beniley. 
CO'RRACLE. See Coracle. 
To CORRA'DE, kor-rs !e'. 168. v.a. [corrado, Lat.] 

To rub off; to scrape together. Cockeram. 
CORRADIA'TION, k6r-r4-de-i'-shun. n.s. [con 

and radius, Lat.] A conjunction of rays in one 

point. Bacon. 
7 , oCORRE'CT§,k6r-rekt / . v. a. [rorrigo.comctum, 
239 





COR COR 




O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



Lai.] To punish ; to chastise. Bp. Taylor. To 

amend ; to take away faults. Burnet. To obviate 

the qualities of one ingredient by another. Arbuih- 

not. To remark faults. 

CORRECT, kw-rekt'. a. Free from faults. Dnjden. 

CORRECTION, k6r-reV-shun. n.s. Punishment; 

discipline. Shak. Alteration to a better state; 

amendment. That which is substituted in the 

place of any thing- wrong. Watts. Reprehension ; 

animadversion. Browu. Abatement of noxious 

qualities, by the addition of something contrary. 

Donne. 

CORRECTIONER, kor-rek'-shfin-ur. n. s. One 

that has been in the house of correction. Shak. 
CORRECTIVE, kor-rek'-tlv. 157. a. Having the 
power to obviate anv bad qualities. Brerewood. 
Having the power to limit. Dr. Holdsworth. 
CORRECTIVE, kxWek'-uy. n.s. That which has 
the power of altering or obviating any thing amiss. 
Rii/. Limitation; restriction. Hale. 
CORRECTLY, kor-rekt'-le. ad. Accurately; with- 
out faults. Locke. 
CORRECTNESS, kor-rekt'-nes. n. s. Accuracy. 

Dnjden. 
CORRECTOR, kor-rek'-tur. 98. n. s. He that I 
amends. He that revises any thing to free it from 
faults. [In medicine.] Such an ingredient as 
guards against or abates the force of another. 
Quincy. 
CORRE'GIDOR*, kor-rgd'-je-ddre. n. s. [Span.] 

A Spanish magistrate. Smollett. 
To CORRELATE $, kor-re-late'. [See Counter- 
balance.] v. 7i. [con and relatus, Lat.] To have a 
reciprocal relation ; as, father and son. 
COBRELATE, k6r'-e-late. n. s. One that stands in 

the opposite relation. Smith. 
CORRELATIVE, k6r-reF-a-tiv. a. Having a re- 
ciprocal relation. South. 
CORRELATIVE* kor-rel'-a-iiv. n.s. That which 

has a reciprocal relation. Blackstone. 
CORREBATD7ENESS, kor-reF-a-tiv-n^s. n. s. 

The state of being correlative. 
CORREBTION, kor-rep'-shun. n. s. Objurgation ; 

chiding ; reproof. Hammond. 
To CORRESPONDS, k6r-re-sp6nd'. v. n. [con and 
respondeo, Lat.] To suit ; to answer. Holder. To 
keep up commerce by alternate letters. 
CORRESPONDENCE, kor-re-spon'-dense. ? 
CORRESPONDENCY^or-re-spiW-den-se. ) n ' s ' 
Relation; reciprocal adaptation of one thing to 
another. Hooker. Intercourse; reciprocal intelli- 
gence. Denham. Friendship. Bacon. 
CORRESPONDENT, k6r-re : sp6n'-dent. [See To 

Collect.] a. Suitable ; adapted. Hooker. 
CORRESPONDENT, kSr-re-sp&n'-dent. n. s. One 
with whom commerce is kept up by letters. Den- 
ham. 
CORRESPONDENTLY*, kor-re-sp6n'-dent-le. ad. 

In an according manner. Bp. Morton. 
CORRESPONSIVE, kor-re-sp&n'-slv. a. Answera- 
ble. Shakspeare. 
CO'RRIDOR, kor-re-dore'. n. s. [Fr.] The covert 
way lying round the whole compass of the fortifica- 
tions of a place. A gallery or long aisle round 
about a building. Harris. 
COBRIGIBLE, k&r'-re-je-bl. 405. [See To Col- 
lect.] a. [corrigo, Lat.] Capable of being amend- 
ed. Deserving of punishment. Howell. Correc- 
tive. Shakspeare. 
CORRFVAL, kor-rl'-val. n.s. Rival; competitor. 

Spenser. 
CORRFVAL*, k&r-ri'-val. a. Contending. Bp. Fleet- 
wood. 
To CORRFVAL*, k6r-ri'-val. v. n. To vie with. 

Fitzgeffry. 
CORR1VABITY* kor -re-vaF-e-te. ) n.s.Competi- 
CORRFVALRY, kor-ri'-val-re. S tion. More. 
CORRFVALSHIP* k6r-rl'-val-sh?p. n.s. Opposi- 
tion; rivalry. Sir T. Herbert. 
To CORRFVATEj*, k&r-rF-vate. v. a. [corrivo, 
Lat.] To draw water out of several streams into 
one. Burton. 



CORRIVA'TION* kor-re-va'-sh&n. n. s. The rut 

ning of waters together into one stream. Burton. 
CORROBORANT, kor-rob'-o-rant. a. Strengthen 

ing. Bacon. 
To CORROBORATE §, kor-rob'-o-rate. v. a. [cor- 

roboi-o, Lat.] To confirm ; to establish. Bacon. To 

strengthen. Bacon. 
CORROBORATE*, k6r-r6b'-6-rate. a. Strengthen 

ed ; confirmed. Bacon. 
CORROBORATION, kor-rob-d-ra'-sh&n. n. s. Th« 

act of strengthening or confirming. Sir T. Elycrt. 
CORROBORATIVE, kor-rob'-o-ra-l'lv. n. s. That 

which increases strength. Burton. 
CORROBORATIVE*, k6r-r6b'-6-ra-t?v. a. Having 

the power of confirming or establishing. Warbur- 

ton. 
To CORROBE§, kor-rode'. v.a. [corrodo, Lat.] To 

eat away by degrees ; to prey upon; to consume. 

Donne. 
CORROBENT, kor-ro'-dent. a. Having the power 
of wasting- any thing- away 



cdRR6 ; D^NT*r"k6r-r6'-dent. n. s. That which 

eats away. Bp. King. 
To CORROBIATE* kor-r6 / -de-ate. v. a. To eat 

away by degrees. Sandys. 
CORRODIBFLITY, kdr-ro-de-tfF-e-le. n. s. The 

quality of being corrodible. 
CORROB1BLE, k6r-r<V-de-bl. 405. a. What may 

be consumed. Brown. 
COBRODY, k6r'-r6-de. n. s. A defalcation from an 
allowance or salary for some other than the original 
purpose. Carew. 
CORROSIBFLITY, kor-ro-se-blK-e-te. n. s. Possi- 
bility to be consumed by a menstruum. 
CORRO'SIBLE, k6r-r6'-se-bl. 405. a. See Corro- 
dible. 
CORRO'SIBLENESS, k6r-r6'-se-bl-nes. n.s. Sus- 
ceptibility of corrosion. Diet. 
CORRO'SION, kor-ri'-zhun. 451. ?^s. The power 

of eating or wearing away by degrees. Bacon. 
CORROSIVE, kor-r6' 7 -sfv. 428. a. Having the pow- 
er of consuming or wearing away. Milton. Hav- 
ing the quality to fret or vex. 
CORROSIVE, kSr-rcV-slv. 140. n. s. That which 
has the quality of wasting any thing away. Spen- 
ser. That which has the power of fretting, or of 
giving pain. Hooker. 
To CO RROSIVE*, kdr-nV-siv. v. a. To eat away, 

like a corrosive. Bp. Hall. 
CORROSIVELY, k&r-r^-slv-le. ad. Like a corro 

sive. Boyle. With the power of corrosion. 
CORROSIVENESS, kor-r^-siv-nfis. n.s. The 

quality of corroding ; acrimony. Donne. 
CO RRUGANT, kor'-ru-gant. 503. a. Having th« 

power of contracting into wrinkles. 
To COBRUGATE §, k6r'-ru-gate.91. v.a. [com/go, 

Lat.l To wrinkle or purse up. Quincy. 
COBRUGATE*, kor'-ru-gate. a. Contracted. 

Young. 
CORRUGATION, kdr-ru-ga'-shun. n.s. Contrac- 
tion into wrinkles. Floyer. 
CORRUCENT Muscle*, kdr-ru'-jent-rmV-sl. A 
muscle of the eye, called also cori-uga tor supercilii 
Chambers. 
To CORRUBT$, kdr-r&pt' v. a. [co^umpo.comip 
tus, Lat.] To turn from a sound to a putrescent 
state. To deprave; to destroy integrity; to bribe. 
2 Cor. Locke. To spoil ; to do mischief. 
To CORRUBT, kor-rflpt'. [See To Collect.] 

v. n. To become putrid ; to lose purity. Bacon. 
CORRUBT,k6r--6pt'. a. Spoiled ; tainted. K?wlles. 
Unsound; putrid. Spenser. Vicious; without in- 
tegrity. Shakspeare. 
CORRUBTER, kdr-rup'-tur. n.s. He that taints or 

vitiates. Shakspeare. 
CORRUBTFUL*, k6r-r&pt / -ful. a. Corrupting. 

Spenser. 
CORRUPTIBILITY, k6r-rup-te-b!F-e-te. n.s. Pos- 
sibility to be corrupted. Burke. 
CORRUPTIBLE, kar-rup'-te-bl. 405. a. Suscepti 
ble of destruct : on by natural decay. Hooker. Sus 
ceptible of external depravation. 
240 



COS 










COS 


— 116, move 


nor. not ; 


-tAbe, tub, bull j 


-All; 


— pound ; 


— Htm, THis. 



JCJ-Some affected speakers have done all in their power 
to remove the accent of this word from the second to 
the first syllable. Thanks to the difficulty of pronoun- 
cing it in this manner ; they have not yet effected their 
purpose. Th6se who have the least regard for the 
sound of their language, ought to resist this novelty 
with all their might ; for if it onco gain ground, it is 
sure to triumph. The difficulty of pronouncing it, and 
tho ill sound it produces, will recommend it to the 
fashionable world, who are as proud to distinguish 
themselves by an oddity in language as in dress. — See 
Incomparable. W. 

CORRUPTIBJL8NESS, k&r-ny-te-hl-nSs. n.s. 
Susceptibility of corruption. 

CORRUPTIBLY, kor-rfip'-te-ble. ad. In such a 
manner as to be corruptee!. Shakspeare. 

CORRUPTING*, k&r-rfip'-tmg. n. s. The act of 
vitiating:. Bp. Taylor. 

CORRU PTION, kor-rtV-shim. n. s. The principle 
'ov which bodies tend to the separation of their 
parts. Wickedness; perversion of principles. Ad- 
diso7i. Putrescence. Blackmore. Matter or pus 
in a sore. The tendency to a worse state. Shak. 
Cause, or means, of depravation. Raleigh. [In 
law.] An infection growing - to a man attainted of 
felony, or treason, and to his issue. Cou-el. 

CORRU PTIVE. kor-r&p'-uv. a. Having the quali- 
ty of tainting. Brawn. 

CORRU PTLESS, kAr-ruptMes. a. Insusceptible of 
corruption. Dniden. 

CORRUPTLY." k&r-rnpt'-le. ad. With corruption. 
Shakspeare. Vitiouslv ; improperly. Camden. 

CORRUPTNESS, kor-rupt'-nes. n. s. Putres- 
cence ; vice. 

CORRU PTRESS*, kor-r&pt'-res. n.s. She that 
misleads or corrupts others. Cotgrave. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

CORSAIR, kor'-sare. 1(18. n.s. [corsire, Itai.J A 
pirate. Ricaut. The vessel of a corsair. 

CORSE, k6rse. n.s. [cors, corse, Fr.] A body. Spen- 
ser. A dead bodv ; a carcass. Spenser. 

CORSE-PRESENT*, k6rs'-prez-ent. «- A fu- 
neral present ; a mortuary. Blackstone. 

CO R.SELET, kors'-let. n.s. [corselet, Fr.] A light 
armour for the forepart of the body. Fairfax. 

To CO'RSELET*. or CORSLET*, korsMet. v. a. 
To encircle, as with a corselet. Beaum. anil Fl. 

CORSE' T*, kdr'-set. n.s. [Fr.] A pair of bodice 
for a woman. Cotgrave. 

CORTEGE*, kdr-tazhe'. n.s. [Fr.] A train of at- 
tendants. Wiquefort. 

CORTES*. kdr'-Iez. n. s. [Span.] The states as- 
sembled in Madrid. Geddes. 

CO'RTEX*. korMeks. n. s. [Lat.] Bark ; cover. 
Beritley. 

CORTICAL §, k6r'-le-kal. a. [cortex, Lat.] Barky; 
belonging to the rind. Cheyne. 

CORTICATED, k6r'-te-ka-ted. a. Resembling the 
bark of a tree. Brown. 

CO'RTICOSE, k6r-te-kose'. a. Full of bark. Did. 

CORU'SCANT §, kd-rfis'-kant. a. [corusco, Lat.] 
Glittering by flashes; flashing. Howell. 

To CORU'SCATE* ko-rus'-kate. v. n. To glitter. 
Greenhill. 

CORUSCATION, kor-fis-ka'-shun. n. s. Flash ; 
quick vibration of light. Bacon. 

OORVE TTO, k6r-vlt'-to. n.s. The curvet. PeacJiam. 

CORYBA'NTICK* k6r-e-ban'-tlk. a. [from Cory- 
bantes, the franlick priests of Cybele.] Madly agi- 
tated or inflamed. Cudworth. 

CORY'MBIATED, k6-rW-be-a-ted. a. Garnished 
with branches of berries. Diet. 

CORYMBI'FEROUS, k&r-im-b?f-eY-us. a. Bearing 
fruit or berries in bunches. Quincy. 

COR Y> MB US, kb-rfm'-bbs. n.s. [Lat.] Among the 
ancient botanists, a bunch or cluster of berries : 
amongst modern, a compounded discous flower, 
such as the daisy, and common marigold. Quincy. 

CORYPHE'US*, kor-e-fe'-fis. ?i.s. [iconvepi,) The 
principal of those who compose the chorus in the 
ancient tragedy ; now a general name for a chief 
or principal of anv company. South. 

COSCJ'NOMANCY, k6-*m'-"6-man-se. n.s. [kovkIvov \ 
31 



and fiavraa.] The art of divination by means of a 

sieve. Chambers. 
COSE'CANT, ko-sc'-kant. n. s. The secant of an 

arch-, which is the complement of another to ninety 

degrees. Harris. 
To C( ) SEN*. See To Cozen. 
COSIER. ko'-zhe-Or. n.s. [cousu, old Fr.] A botch- 
er; a tailor. Shakspeare. 
COSIGN I FICATIVE*, k6-s?g-n?f -fe-ka-Uv. a. Hav- 
ing: 'lie same signification. Cockeram. 
CO'SINE, ko'-slne. n. s. The right sine of an arch, 

which is the complement of another to ninety de- 
grees. Harris. 
COSME TICK §*, koz-meY-lk. n. s. J K ooy»j™fr.] A 

preparation for improving beautv. Ran. 
COSMETICK, koz-met'-ik. a. Beautifying. Pope. 
COSMICAL$. koz'-me-kal. a. [k<5<t,<o?.] Relating to 

the world. Rising or setting with the sun; not 

acronvchal. Brown. 
CO SMICALLY. k6z'-m<?-kal-le. ad. With the sun ; 

not acronvchallv. Brown. 
COSMOGONIS'T*. koz-mog'-go-nfst. n. s. He who 

describes the creation of the world. Coventry. 
COSMO'GONY^, koz-m&g'-gd-ne. 518. n. s. [ri^os 

and yovt}.'] The rise or birth of the world ; the crea- 
tion. Goldsmith. 
COSMO'GRAPHER, koz-mog'-gra-fur. 518. n. s. 

One who writes a description of^he world. Broicn. 
COSMOGRATHICAL, koz-mo-graf-e-kal. 509.' a. 

Relating to the general description of the world. 

Selden. 
COSMOGRA'PHICALLY, koz-m6-graf-e-kal-e. 

ad. In a manner relating to cosmegraphv. Brown. 
COSMOGRAPHY §, k6z-m6g'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. 

[Kdapos and ypdyu).] The science of the general 

system of the world. Burton. 
COSMOPLA'STICK*, k6z-mc-pkV-t?k. a. [ K 6afik 

and tWtiko?.] Respecting the formation of the 

world. Hallywell. 
COSMOPOLITAN, koz-mo-pol'-e-tan. > 156. «. s. 
COSMO POLITE, koz-m&p'-6-lite. \ [«^°? 

and ttoXittis .] A citizen of the world ; one who is at 

home in every place. Howell. 
CO'SSACKS*. kos'-saks. n. s. A people inhabiting 

the Ukraine, under the Russian government. MU- 

ton. 
COSSET, kos'-sftt. n. s. [cassiccio, Ital.] A lamb 

brought up without the dam. Spenser. 
COSSICK* kos'-sik. a. [cossa, Lat.] Relating to 

algebra. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 
COST $, kost. n. s. [kost, Dutch.] The price of any 

thing. Sumptuousness ; luxury. Shak. Charge ; 

expense. Sid?iey. Loss ; fine ; detriment. Beaumont 

and Fletcher. 
COST*, kost. n. s. [cosia, Lat.] A rib, or side. B. 

Jonson. 
To COST, kost. v. n. [couster, Fr.] To be bought 

for. Dryden. 
COSTAL, kds'-tal. a. Belonging to the ribs. Brown. 
CO STARD, kos'-tard. n. s. [coster, a head.] A head. 

Shak. An apple round and bulky, like the head. 

Drayton. 
CO'STARD-MONGER*, k6s / -tard-mung'-gur. n. s. 

A dealer in apples. Burton. 
COSTER-MONGER*, kos'-tur-mnng'-gor. n.s. 

The same as costard-monger. Fotherby. 
COSTIVE §, kos'-tfv. 157. a. [canstipatus, Lat.] 

Bound in the body ; having the excretions obstruct- 
ed. Brown. Close ; unpermeable. Mortimer. Cold; 

formal. Lord Chesterfield. 
CO'STIVENESS, kos'-tlv-ne's. n. s. The state of the 

body in which excretion is obstructed. Harvey. 

Coldness ; stiffness. Wakefield. 
COSTLESS*, kost'-l^s. a. Costing nothing. Barrow. 
CO'STLINESS, kSst'-le-nes. n. s. Sumptuousness ; 

expensiveness. Sidney. 
CO'STLY, kost'-le. a. Expensive. Shakspeare. 
COSTMARY, kost'-ma-re. n. s. [costus, Lat.] An 

herb. Drayton. 
COSTREL, kos'-treM. n. s. [supposed from coster.] 

A bottle. Skinner. 
COSTUME*, kos-lime'. n.s. [costume, Fr.] [In 



cou 



cou 



ttJ* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, pin 



painting.] The strict observance of proper charac- 
ter as to persons and things. It is now generally 
applied in the sense of custom or manners. Douce. 

COSUFFERER* k6-suf -fur-fir. n. s. A fellow-suf- 
ferer. Wyclxerly. 

COSUPRE'ME*, ko-su-preem'. n. s. A partaker of 
supremacy. Sliakspeare. 

COAT, ^ At the end of the names of places, come 

COTE, > generally from the Saxon coc, a cottage. 

COT, ) Gibson. 

COT§, k6t. n. s. [cofc, Sax.] A small house ; a cot- 
tage. Sliakspeare. 

COT*, ) ,*. ( n. s. [/cotV^.] A small bed ; a cra- 

COTT*, $ k0L } die ; a hammock. Sir T. Herbert. 

COT*, I , 4. \ n. s. [cota, low Lat.] A little boat. 

COTT*, ) I Spenser. 

COT, k6t. n. s. [An abridgement of cotquean.] A 
cade-lamb. Grose. 

To COTA'BULATE*. See To Contabulate. 

COTA'NGENT, ko-uV-jent. n. s. The tangent of an 
arch which is the complement of another to ninety 
degrees. Harris. 

COTE*, k6te. n. s. [Sax.] A cottage. Warner. A 
sheepfold. 2 Chronicles. 

To COTE, kite. v. a. To leave behind, to overpass. 
Chapman. 

To COTE*. See To Quote, which was formerly 
written cote. 

COTE MPORARY. See Contemporary. 

COTERIE*, k6-te-ree'. n. s. [Fr.] A friendly or 
fashionable association. 

COTI'LLON*, ko-tiF-yfin. n.s. [cotillon, Fr.] A brisk 
lively dance, in which eight persons are usually 
employed. Gray. 

GOTLAND, kot'-land. n. s. Land appendant to a 
cottage. 

CO'TQUEAN, kot'-kwene. n.s. A man who busies 
himself with women's affairs. Shakspeare. 

CO TSWOLD*, kots'-w6ld. n. s. [cote and pold, 
Sax.] Sheepcots in an open country ; whence the 
large tract of downs called Cotswold Hills, in Glou- 
cestershire. 

COTTAGE, kof-taje. 90. n. s. A hut ; a cot. Zeph. 

CO TTAGED*, kdt'-taj'd. a. Having cottages. Col- 
lins. 

CO'TTAGELY*, kot'-taje-le. a. Rustick ; suitable 
to a cottage. Bp. Taylor. 

COTTAGER, kot'-ta-jfir. n. s. One who lives in a 
cottage. Swift. [In law.] One that lives on the 
common, without paying rent, and without any 
land of his own. Bacon. 

COTTER*, kot'-tfir. ) n. s. One who inhabits a 

CO'TTIER, kot'-yer. 113. $ cot. Bp. Hall. 

CO'TTON§, kof-tn. 170. n.s. [cotton, Fr.J The 
down of the cotton-tree. Wiseman. Cloth made 
of cotton. 

CO'TTON, k&t'-tn. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
To CO'TTON, kot'-tn. v. n. To vise with a nap. To 
cement ; to unite with. Swift. 

CO'TTONOUS*, kdt'-tn-fis. ) a. Full of cotton ; soft 

CO'TTONY*, k6t'-tn-e. ] as cotton. Evelyn. 

CO'TYLL*, S I cavity of a bone, which 

receives the end of another in articulation. A liquid 
measure in use among the ancients. 

To COUCH §, koutsh. 313. v.n. [coucher, Fr.] To 
lie down on a place of repose. SJiak. To lie down 
on the knees, as a beast to rest. Dryden. To lie 
down in secret, or in ambush. Shak. To lie in a 
bed, or stratum. Deuteronomy. To stoop, or bend 
down. Genesis. 

To COUCH, kd&tsh. v. a. To lie on a place of re- 
pose. SJiak. To lay down any thing in a bed, or 
stratum. Mortimer. To bed ; .to hide in another 
body. Bacon. To involve ; to include. Dryden. 
To hide. South. To lay close to another. Spenser. 
To fix the spftar in the rest ; in the posture of at- 
tack. Spenser. To depress the condensed crystal- 
line humour or film that overspreads the pupil of 
the eye. Sharp. 

COUCH, koutsh. n.s. A seat of repose. Milton. A 
bed Bale. A layer, or stratum. Mortimer. 



CO'UCHANT, kdutsh'-ant. a. Lying down ; squat- 
ting. Brown. 

CO' UCHEE, , kW-shee. n.s. [Fr.] Bedtime ; the 
time of visiting late at night. Dryden. 

CO'UCHER, kdtitsh'-ur. n. s. He that couches cata 
racts. A bedfellow. Colgrave. 

CO'UCHER*, k6utsh'-fir. n. s. [cachereau, Fr.] A 
register book in monasteries. Queen Elizabeth's 
Injunctions. 

CO'UCHFELLOW, k6utsh'-fel-l6. n. s. Bedfellow. 
Shakspeare. 

CO'UCHGRASS, koutsh'-gras.rc.s. A weed. Mor- 
timer. 

CO'UCHING*, koutsh'-lng. n. s. The act of bend- 
ing or bowing. Shakspeare. 

COUGH$, kof. 321. n. s. [kuef Goth.] A convulsion 
of the lungs, vellicated by some sharp serosity. Ba- 
con. 

To COUGH, kof. v. n. To make a noise in endeav- 
ouring to evacuate the peccant matter from the 
lungs. 

To COUGH, k&f. 391. v. a. To eject by a cough ; 
to expectorate. Wiseman. 

COUGHER, k&f-fur. 98. n. s. One that coughs. 

CO'UHAGE*, kou'-ldje. n. s. A kind of kidney- 
beans. 

COULD, k&d. 320. [See the word Been.] The im- 
perfect preterit of can. 

COULD*, kud. pret. of can, to know. 

COULTER, kile'-tfir. 318. n. s. [culton, Sax.] 
The sharp iron of the plough which cuts the earth. 
Hammond. 

CO'UNCIL §, kSun'-sfl. 313. n. s. [concilium, Lat.] 
An assembly of persons met together in consulta- 
tion. Mattlxew. Act of publick deliberation. Milton. 
An assembly of divines to deliberate upon religion. 
Watts. Persons called together to be consulted on 
any occasion, or to give advice. Bacon. The body 
of privy counsellors. Shakspeare. 

COU'NCIL-BOARD, kdun'-sll-bord. n. s. Council- 
table, where matters of state are deliberated. Clar- 
endon. 

CO'UNCIL-TABLE*, kdun -sll-ta-bl. n.s. Council- 
board. Milton. 

COUNDERSTA'NDING*, ko-fin-dur-sland'-mg. 
n. s. Mutual understanding. Howell. 

To COUNFTE§*, ko-yu-nhe'. v. a. To unite. More. 

COUNFTE*, ko-yu-nite'. a. United. More. 

CO'UNSEL$, kdun'-sel. 99. n.s. [consilium, Lat.] 
Advice ; direction. Bacon. Consultation ; inter- 
change of opinions. Sluik. Deliberation ; exami- 
nation of consequences. Hooker. Prudence ; art. 
Ecclus. Secrecy. Sliakspeare. Scheme; purpose. 
Psalm. Those that plead a cause. Shakspeare. 

$5= The difference of council and counsel is, in cursory 
speaking, almost undistinguishable. W. 

CO / UNSEL-KEEPER*,k6un / -s^l-keep-ur. n. s. One 
who can keep a secret. Shakspeare. 

CO / UNSEL-KEEPING*,kdun / -s£l-keep-?ng.a.That 

which preserves secrecy. Titus Andronicus. 
To CO'UNSEL, kotW-sel. 99. v. a. To give advice 
Shakspeare. To advise any thing. Dryden. 

CO'UNSELLABLE, k6un'-sel-a-bl. a. Willing to 
follow the advice of others. Clarendon. Advisa- 
ble. Lord Clarendon. 

COUNSELLOR, koiin'-sel-l&r. n. s. One that gives 

advice. Wisdom. Confidant; bosom friend. Wal 

ler. One whose province is to deliberate upon 

publick affairs. Shakspeare. A lawyer. Dryden. 

CO'UNSELLORSHIP, kSun'-se'-lur-ship. n. s. The 

office of a privy counsellor. Bacon. 
To COUNT §, kount. v. a. [compter, old Fr.] To num- 
ber ; to tell. Shak. To preserve a reckoning. 
Locke. To reckon 5 to place to an account. Gen, 
To esteem ; to account. Hooker. To impute to ; 
to charge. Rowe. 
To COUNT, kdunt. 313. i>. n. To found an account 

or scheme. Swifi. 
COUNT, kount. n. s. Number. Spenser. Reckon- 
ing ; number summed. Exodus. Estimation; ac- 
count. Spenser. [In law.] A charge in an indict- 
ment, or a declaration in pleading. 
242 



cou 



cou 



— n6, mdve, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — p6und ; — thin, mis. 



COUNT, k6flnt. tj. s. [conUe, Fr.] A title of foreign 
nobility ; supposed equivalent to an earl. Blaekstone. 

COUNT ABLE, kdun'-ttUbl. a. That which may be 
numbered. Spenser. 

COUNTENANCE $, k6fin-t£-nanse. n. s. [route- 
nance, Fr.] The form of the face; the system of the 
features. Air ; look. Sidney. Calmness of look. 
Dryden. Confidence of mien ; aspect of assurance. 
Sidney. Kindness or ill-will, as it appears upon 
the face. Spenser. Patronage ; support. Hooker. 
Superficial appearance ; show. Ascham. 

To COUNTENANCE, k6un'-te-nanse. v. a. To 
support. Exodus. To make a show of. Spenser. 
To keep up any appearance. Shakspeare. To en- 
courage. rVotton. 

CO'UNTENANCER, kSun'-te-nan-sur. n. s. One 
that countenances another. Beaumoid and Fletcher. 

COUNTER, kdun'-tfir. 98. n. s. A false piece of mo- 
ney used as a means of reckoning. Shak. Money, 
in contempt. Shak. The table on which goods are 
viewed in a shop. Dryden. A box for cash. Coles. 
A reckoner. Sherwood. Encounter ; trial of skill. 
Spenser. An auditor. Robert of Gloucester. That 
part of a horse's forehead that lies between the 
shoulder and under the neck. Farrier's Diet. 

CO INTER*, kfiun'-tur. 7?. s. A name of some pris- 
ons in London. Shakspeare. 

COUNTER, kdun'-tur. ad. [contra. Lat.] Contrary 
to. South. Contrarily to the right course. Slink. 
Contrary ways. Locke. The face, in opposition to 
the back. Sandys. This word is often found in 
composition, and may be placed before either nouns 
or verbs used in a sense of opposition. 

To COUNTERACT §, kdfln-t&r-akt'. v. a. To hin- 
der anything by contrary agencv. South. 

COUNTERACTION*, kdlm-tur-ak'-shun. n.s. Op- 
position. Johnson. 

COUNTERATTRA'CTION* koftn-tur-at-trak'- 
shfin. n. s. Opposite attraction. 

To COUNTERBALANCE §, k6un-tur-balManse. 
r. a. To weigh against. Boyle. 

£jT We may observe, in words compounded of counter, 
an evident tendency to that distinction that obtains be- 
tween the noun and the verb in dissyllables. Thus the 
verb to counterbalance has the accent on the third syl- 
lable, and the noun of the same form on the first, and so 
of the rest. 492. W. 

COUNTERBALANCE, kSfin'-tur-bal-l&nse. n. s. 
Opposite weight ; equivalent power. Dryden. 

COUNTERBOND*, koun'-tur-bdnd. *. I A coun- 
ter-surety. Sherwood. 

To CO'UNTERBUFF§, kMn-tiVbuf. v. a. To im- 
pel in a direction opposite to the former impulse. 

. Dn/den. 

COUNTERBUFF, kSun'-tur-buf. n. s. A blow in a 
contrary direction. Sidney. 

CO'UNT'ERCAST$*, kdun'-tur-kast. n. s. A trick; 
delusive contrivance. Spenser. 

COUNTERCASTER, koun'-tur-kas-tfir. n. s. An 
arithmetician ; a book-keeper. Shakspeare. 

COUNTERCHANGE$, koun'-tur-tshanje. n. s. 
[contrechanve, Fr.] Exchange ; reciprocation. Shak. 

To CO'UNTERCHANGE, keun-tur-tshanje'. v. a. 
To exchange. J. Hall. 

CO'UNTERCHARM§, kSiW-tur-tsharm. n.s. That 
bv which a charm is dissolved. Scott. 

jVCO'UNTERCHARM, kdun'-tftr-tsharm. v. a. To 
destroy the effect of an enchantment. Lord Falk- 

To COUNTERCHECK $, kfi&n-tfir-tshgk'. v. a. To 

oppose. Drayton. 
COUNTERCHECK, kfi&n'-tar-tshek. n.s. Stop; 

rebuke. Shakspeare. 
COUNTERDISTFNCTION*, kdun-tur-dls-tlngk'- 

sh&n. n. s. Contradistinction. More. 
To COUNTERDRA'W, kfiun-tur-drdw'. v. a. To 

copy a design by means of an oiled paper, whereon 

the strokes appearing through are traced with a 

pencil. Chambers. 
COUNTERE'VIDENCE,k6un-tur-eV-e-dense.«.s. 

Testimony by which the deposition of some former 

witness is opposed. Glanviue. 



COUNTERFA'ISANCE*. See Counterfesance 

To COUNTERFEIT $, kdfin'-tftr-f it. v. a. [contre 
/aire, Fr.] To forge. SlwJc. To imitate ; to copy 
Shakspeare. 

To COUNTERFEIT* kdtW-tur-fk v.n. To feign. 
Shakspeare. 

COUNTERFEIT, k6un'-tu:r-f1t. a. Forged ; ficti- 
tious. Ali /ton. Deceitful ; hypocritical. Roscommon. 

COUNTERFEIT, kdun'-tfir-fft. n. s. One who per- 
sonates another ; an impostor. Spenser. A forgery. 
Shak. A resemblance ; a likeness; a copy. ShaA\ 

COUNTERFEITER, kdftn'-tfir-flt-fir. n. s. A for- 
ger. Camden. An impostor. Sherwood. 

COUNTERFEITLY, kdiW-tar-flt-le. ad. Falsely ; 
fictitiously. Shakspeare. 

COUNTERFE'RMENT, kfiun-t&r-fer'-mcnt. n. s. 
Ferment opposed to ferment. Addison. 

COUNTERFESANCE, kdfin-tur-fe'-zanse. n. s. 
[contrefaisance, Fr.] The act of counterfeiting ; for- 
gery. Spenser. Ob. J. 

COUNTERFORT, kdun'-tfir-f&rt. n. s. Pillars serv- 
ing to support walls or terraces. Cha?nbers. 

COUNTERGA'GE, k6tW-tur-gaje. n.s. A method 
to measure the joints by transferring the breadth 
of a mortise to the place where the tenon is to be. 
Cliambers. 

COUNTERGUA'RD, k6iV-tur-gard. 92. n. s. A 
small rampart with a parapet and ditch. Military 
Diet. 

To COUNTERFNFLUENCE* kfifin'-lur-in'-fli- 
£nse. v. a. To hinder any thing by contrary influ- 
ence. Scott. 

COUNTERLIBRA'TION*. See Libration. 

COUNTERLFGHT, kdfln'-tfir-lke. *,i* A light op- 
posite to any thing, which makes it appear to a dis- 
advantage. Cliambers. 

To COUNTERMANDS, kdun-tur-mand'. 79. v. a. 
[contremander , Fr.] To order the contrary to what 
was ordered before. South. To oppose the orders 
of another. Hooker, To prohibit. Harvey. 

COUNTERMAND, k6un'-tur-mand. n.s. Repeal 
of a former order. Shakspeare. 

To COUNTERMARCH $, koun-t&r-martsh'. [See 
Counterbalance.] v.n. To march backward. 

COUNTERMARCH, kdun'-tar-martsh. «. *. Relro- 
cession ; march backward. Collier. Change of 
measures. Burnet. 

COUNTERMARK §, k6iV-tar-mark. n.s. A sec- 
ond or third mark put on a bale of goods. ' The 
mark of the goldsmiths' company. An artificial 
cavity made in the teeth of horses. A mark added 
to a medal a long time after it is struck. Cliambers. 

To COUNTERMARK, kdfin-tur-m&rld v.a. A horse 
is said to be countermarked when his corner teeth 
are artificially made hollow. Farriers Did. 

COUNTERMINE $, kS&n'-tftr-mlne. n.s. A well or 
hole sunk into the ground, from which a gallery or 
branch runs out under ground, to seek out the ene- 
my's mine. Military Diet. Means of opposition, 
Sidney. A stratagem by which any contrivance 
is defeated. L' Estrange. 

To COUNTERMPNE, kSun-tur-mlne'. r, a. To 
delve a passage into an enemy's mine. To coun- 
terwork. Donne. 

COUNTERMOTION,koun-tur-m<y-shun.n. s, Con 
trary motion. Digby. 

COUNTERMOVEMENT*, kSun-tur-m66v'-ment. 
n. s. A manner of moving in opposition to another 
movement. 

COUNTERMURE$,k6faMfir-mAre. n.s. [contre- 
mur, Fr.] A wall built up behind another wall, to 
supply its place. Knolles. 

To CO'UNTERMURE*, kdun-tur-nnW. v. a. To 
fortifv with a countermure. Kyd. 

COUNTERNA'TURAL, kdun-tur-natsh'-u-ral. a 
Contrary to nature. Harvey. 

CO'UNTERNOISE, kdun'-tftr-noeze. n. s. A sound 
by which any noise is overpowered. Calamy. 

COUNTERO PENING, kSun-tur-o'-pn-ing. n.s. An 
aperture or vent on the contrary side. Sharp. 

CO'UNTERPACE, koun'-tfir-pase. 7i.s. Contrary 
measure to any scheme. Swift. 
243 



cou 



cou 



HOT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;- 



CO'UNTERPANE, k3an'-t&r-pane. n. s. [cwtfre- 
yoj/tf, Fr.] A coverlet for a bed. One part of a 
pair of deeds. B. Jonson. 
COUNTERPART, kdun'-tar-part. n. s. The cor- 
respondent part. Hale. 
COUNTERPETFTION §*, kdan-tfir-pe-tfsh'-fin. 
n. s. A petition against another petition. Clarendon. 
To COUNTERPETPTION*, kdan'-t&r-pe-tlsh'-fin. 

r. 77. To petition against another petition. 
CO'UNTERPLEA, kdun'-tftr-ple. n. s. [in law.] A 

replication. Cowel. 
To COUNTERPLOT $, kSun-tur-plot'. v.a. To op- 
pose one machination by another. More. 
COUNTERPLOT, k6unMur-pldt. n. s. An artifice 

opposed to an artifice. L' Estrange. 
COUNTERPLOTTING*, koun-tur-plot'-tfng. n. s. 

The act of opposing. South. 
COUNTERPOINT $*, kSun'-tur-pdint. n. s. [con- 
trappunto, Ital.] The art of composing harmony. 
See Contrapuntist. Mason. 
CO'UNTERPOINT, kdfin'-tar-pdfnt. n. s. A cover- 
let woven in squares, commonly spoken counter- 
vane. Shakspeare. 
COUNTERPOINT*, kSun'-tur-peint. n. s. An op- 
posite point or course. Sir E. Sandys. 
To COUNTERPOISES, k6un-tur-p6eze'. v. a. To 
counterbalance ; to act against with equal weight. 
Shak. To produce a contrary action by an equal 
weight. Wilkivs. 
COUNTERPOISE, kdtW-uV-poeze. n.s. Equipon- 
derance 5 equivalence of weight. Shak. The state I 
of being placed in the opposite scale of the balance, 
Milton. Equivalence of power. Bacon. 
COUNTERPO'ISON, ko&n-tur-pde'-zn. n. s. Anti- 
dote to poison. Arhuthnot. 
COUNTERPRA'CTICE*, kSun'-tur-prak'-tTs. n. s. 
Practice in opposition. Proceedings against Garnet. 
COUNTERPRE'SSURE, k6nn-tur-pr6sh'-ure. n. s. 

Opposite force. Blackmore. 
COUNTERPRO'JECT, kdfin-tflr-pr&l'-jekt. n. s. 

Correspondent part of a scheme. Swift. 
To COUNTERPRO'VE, k6un-tur-pr6ove'. v. a. To 
take off a design in black lead, or red chalk, 
through the rolling press, with another piece of pa- 
per, both being moistened with a sponge. Cham- 
bers. 
COUNTER-REVOLUTION*, kSun-tur-rev-6-lu'- 
shfin. n.s. A revolution succeeding another, and 
opposite to it. 
To COUNTERRO'L $. See Control. 
COUNTERRO'LMENT. kdfin-tfir-rdle / -mSnt. n. s. 

A counter account , controlment. Bacon. 
CO'UNTERSCARF*. koun'-tfir-skarf. ) n. s. [In 
CO'UNTERSCARP, koun'-tGr-skarp. $ fortifica- 
tion.] That side of the ditch which is next the 
camp. Harris. 
COUNTERSCU'FFLE*, kd&n-tur-skuf-fl. n. s. 

Conflict; contest. Heivi/t. 
7VCOTJNTERSEAL* kdun'-tSr-sele. v.a. To 

seal together with others. Sliakspeare. 
To COUNTERSECU'RE*, kdun-tnr-se-kure'. v. a. 
To render more secure by corresponding means. 
Burke. 
CO'UNTERSENSE*, k&fln'-t&r-sense. n.s. Oppo- 
site meaning. Howell. 
To COUNTERSIGN §, kaun-tur-slne'. v. a. To sign 
an order or patent of a superiour, in quality of secre- 
tary, to render it more authentick. Chambers. 
COUNTERSIGN*, kdun'-tur-slne. n. s. A military 

expression, denoting the watch-word of the day. 
COUNTERSIGNAL*, kflfin'-tMg-iial. n. s. A 

corresponding signal : a naval term. 
CO'UNTERSNARL*, kaan'-tfir-snarl. n. s. Snarl in 

defence, or opposition. Burton. 
COUNTERSTATUTE*. ko&n-tur-stat'-tshute. n. s. 

A contradictory ordinance. Milton. 
CO'UNTERSTROKE* k6un'-tur-str6ke. n. s. A 

stroke returned. Spenser. 
COUNTERSU'RETY*, kfi&n-tar-shure'-te. n. s. A 

counter-bond to a surety. Sherwood. 
CO'UNTERSWAY* kdun'-tnr-swa. n.s. Opposite 
influence, or direction. Milton. 



CO'UNTERTALLY*, kdun'-tfir-taK-le. n. s. One of 

the two tallies on which any thing is scored. 
COUNTERTA'STE*, koun-tai-taste'. n.s. False 

taste. Shenstone. 
COUNTERTENOR, koun-tar-ten'-nfir. n. s. One 
of the mean or middle parts of musick ; so called, as 
it were, opposite to the tenor. Harris. 
CO/UNTERTIDE, koun'-tur-tlde. n.s. Contrary 

tide; fluctuations of the water. Dryden. 
CO'UNTERTIME, koun'-tGr-tlme.n.s. [contretemps, 
Fr.] The defence or resistance of a horse, that in- 
tercepts his cadence, and the measure of his man 
age. Farrier's Diet. Defence ; opposition. Dryden. 
COUNTERTU'RN, koun'-tar-tfirn. n.s. The height 
and full growth of the play, which destroys expec- 
tation. Dryden. 
To COUNTERVAIL §, kOun-tQr-vale'. v. a. [contra 
and valeo, Lat.] To be equivalent to; to have equal 
force or value. Hooker: 
COUNTERVAIL, koun'-tfir-vale. n. s. Equal 
weight. Equal value with something else. South. 
CC^UNTERVIEW, kcW-tur-vu. n. s. Opposition ; 
a posture in which two persons front each other. 
Milton. Contrast ; a position in which two dissimi- 
lar things illustrate each other. SvriJ't. 
To CO'UNTERVOTE*, kdfin-tflr-vAie'. u. a. To 

oppose; to outvote. Scott. 
To COUNTERWEIGH*, k6un-tur-wa / . u. n. To 

weigh against. Aschavi. 
To CO'UNTERWHEEL*, kdun-tfir-hweel'. v. a. To 
make to wheel, or move backwards and forwards : 
a military phrase. Lovelace. 
CO / UNTERWIND*,k6un / -t6r-wJnd. n.s. Contrary 

wind. 
To COUNTERWORK, kafin-tur-wurk 7 . v.a. To 

counteract. B. Jonson. 
CO'UNTESS, koun'-tes. n.s. [comtesse, Fr.] The 

ladv of an earl or count. Shakspeare. 
CO'UNTING-HOUSE, kfiunMing-hduse. n. s. The 

room appropriated to books and accounts. Locke. 
CO'UNTLESS. kauntMes. a. Innumerable. Shak. 
COUNTRIFIED*, kiV-tre-flde. a. Rustick ; rude. 

Grose. 
CO'UNTRY$, k5n'-tre. n. s. [contree, Fr.] A tract 
of land; a region. The parts of a region distant 
from cities or courts. Cowley. The place which 
any man inhabits. Shak. The place of one's 
birth ; the native soil. Sprat. The inhabitants of 
any region. Shakspeare. 
CO'UNTRY, kfin'-tre. a. Rustick ; rural. Locke. 
Of an interest opposite to that of courts ; as, the 
country party. Peculiar to a region or people. 2 
Mace. Rude; ignorant. Dryden. 
COUNTRY-DANCE*, kQn'-tre-danse. n.s. A well- 
known kind of dance. 
CO'UNTRYMAN, kun'-tre-man. 88. n. s. One born " 
in the same country. Locke. A rustick. Graunt. 
A farmer ; a husbandman. L 'Estrange. 
CO'UNTY §, kSun'-te. n. s. [comic, Fr.] A shire; a 
circuit or portion of the realm. Cotvel. An earl- 
dom. Spenser. A count; a lord. Shakspeare. 
COUNTY-COURT*, k^unMe-korte. n.s. A court 
incident to the jurisdiction of the sheriff. Blackstone. 
COUP DE MAIN, k56-de-mane'. n. s. [Fr.] A 
military expression, denoting an instantaneous, un- 
expected, generally desperate attack. 
COUP D'OEIL, koo-dale'. n. s. [Fr.] The first 

view of any thing ; a slight view of it. 
CO UPE'E, k6o-p.ee'. n. s. [Fr.] A motion in danc- 
ing. Chambers. 
CO'UPING-GLASS*. See Cupping-glass. 
CO UPLABLE, kfip'-pla-bl. a. Fit to be coupled 

with. Cotgrave. 
CO'UPLE^, kfip'-pl. 314. [See To Codle.] n.s. 
[couple, Fr.] A chain or tie that holds dogs togeth- 
er. Shak. Two ; a brace. Sidnty. A male and 
his female. Shakspeare. 
To CO'UPLE, kdp'-pl. 405. v. a. To chain together. 
Shak. To join one to another. Sidney. To mar- 
ry; to join in wedlock. Sidney. 
ToCOOjPLE, kfip'-pl. v.n. To join in embraces. 
Bacon. 

244 






cou 










COU 


— n6, move 


ndr, 


not ;- 


-tube, tfib, bull 5 — 611 }- 


— pflund ; 


— tliin, THis. 



COUPLE-BEGGAR, kup'-pl-beg-ur. n. s. One that 
makes it his business to marry beggars to each 
other. Sir?/?. 
COMPLEMENT*, kup'-pl-ment. n.s. Union. Spen- 
ser. 
COUPLET, kup'-let. n.s. [Fr.] Two verses; a 
pair of rhymes. Sidney. A pair, as of doves. 
Shakspeare. 
COUPLING*, kup'-ling. n. s. A junction. 2 Chron. 

Junction in embrace. Hale. 
COURAGES, kur'-rfdje. 90. n.s. [courage, Fr.] 
Bravery; active fortitude; spirit of enterprise. 
Sliakspeare. 
To CO URAGE*, kfir'-rldje. v. a. To encourage. 

HuJoet. 
COURA'GEOUS, kur-ra'-je-fis. a. Brave; daring. 

Amos. Ludicrousl3 r for outrageous. Shakspeare. 
COURAGEOUSLY, kfir-ra'-je-us-le. ad. Bravely. 

2 Chron. 
COURA'GEOUSNESS,kur-ra'-je-us-ngs. n.s. Bra- 

verv; boldness. 2 Mace. 

COURANT, kftr-rant'. ??j.s. [Fr.] A nimble 

COURA'NTO, kur-ran'-t6. \ dance. Sliak. Any 

thing that spreads quick, as a paper of news. B. 

Jonson. See Corant. 

To COURB, koorb. v. n. [courber, Fr.] To bend. 

Sliakspeare. 
COURB*. kddrb. a. Crooked. Goicer. See Corb 
CO URIER, kod'-reer. 275. n. s. A messenger sent 

in haste ; an express. Shakspeare. 
§Cr This word is perfectly French, and often makes a 
plain Englishman the objoct of laughter to the polite 
world by pronouncing it liko currier, a dresser of 
leather. W. 

COURSES, k6rse. 318. n.s. [cm -sus, Lat.] Race; 
career. Cowley. Passage from place to place ; 
progress. Acts. Tilt ; act of running in the lists. 
Sidney. Ground on which a race is run. Track 
or line in which a ship sails, or any motion is per- 
formed. Sail ; means by which the course is per- 
formed. Raleigh. Progress from one gradation to 
another. Watts. Order of succession ; as, Every- 
one in his course. 1 Chron. Stated and orderly 
method. SJiak. Series of successive and methodical 
procedure. Wiseman. The elements of an art ex- 
hibited in a methodical series. Chambers. Con- 
duct; manner of proceeding. Knolles. Method of 
life; train of actions. Sidney. Natural bent. 
Temple. Catamenia. Harvey. Orderly structure. 
James. [In architecture.] A continued range of 
stones, level or of the same height, throughout the 
whole length of a building. Series of consequen- 
ces. Number of dishes set on at once upon the 
table. Sluik. Regularity; settled rule. Empty 
form. V Estrange. The running of dogs upon 
bears. SJuik.— Of course. By consequence. Locke. 
Of course. By settled rule. Garth. 

To COURSE, k6rse. v. a. To hunt ; to pursue. SJuik. 
To pursue with dogs that hunt in view. Congreve. 
To put to speed. May. 

To COURSE, korse. v.n. To run; to rove about. 
Shakspeare. 

COURSER, k6r'-sur. n. s. A swift horse ; a war- 
horse. Spenser. One who pursues the sport of 
coursing hares. Beaumont and FletcJier. A dispu- 
tant. A. Wood. 

COURSE Y*, k6r'-se. n. s. Part of the hatches in a 
galley. Slierwood. 

COURSING*, kor'-sfng. 7i.s. The sport of hunting 
with greyhounds. Bacon. 

COURTS, k6rte. 318. n. s. [cujifc, Sax.] The place 
where the prince resides ; the palace. Spenser. 
The hall or chamber where justice is administered. 
Shak. Open space before a house. Bacon. A 
small opening enclosed with houses, and paved with 
broad stones, distinguished from a street. Persons 
who compose the retinue of a prince. Temple. 
Persons assembled for the administration of justice. 
Taller. Any jurisdiction, military, civil, or eccle- 
siastical. Sliakspeare. The art ot pleasing. Spen- 
ser. 

COURT of Guard*. The guard-room of soldiers. 



Sluxkspeare. They who compose the guard. Par' 
thencia Sacra. 
To COURT, k6rte. v. a. To woo ; to solicit a wo- 
man to marriage. B. Jonson. To solicit ; to seek. 
Locke. To flatter ; to endeavour to please. 
COURT-BARON*, k6rte-bar / -rfln. n. s. A court in- 
cident to every manor in the kingdom, and holden 
by the steward. Blackstone. 
COURT-BREEDING*, k6rte-breed'-mg. n. s. Edu- 
cation at court. Milton. 
COURT-BUBBLE*, k6rte-bub'-bl. n.s. The triflw 

of a court. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
COURT-CARD* k6rte'-kard. See Coat-card. 
COURT-CHAPLAIN, k6rte-tshap'-lin. n. s. One who 
attends the king to celebrate the holy offices. Swift. 
COURT-CUPBOARD*, k6rte-kab'-burd. n.s. The 

side-board of ancient days. Shakspeare. 
COURT-DAY, kirte-da'. n.s. Day on which jus- 
tice is administered. Arbuihnot. 
COURT-DRESS*, korte-dreV . n. s. The dress in 

which a person appears at court. 
COURT-DRESSER, korte-dres'-sfir. n.s. A flatter- 
er. Locke. 
COURT-FASHION*, korte-fash'-un. n. s. What is 

observed at court. Fuller. 
COURT-FAVOUR, k6rte-fa / -vfir. n. s. Favours be- 
stowed by princes. V Estrange. 
COURT-HAND, kdrte'-hand. n. s. The hand or man 
ner of writing used in records and judicial proceed 
ings. Shakspeare. 
COURT-LADY, kirte-la'-de. n. s. A lady conver- 
sant or employed in court. Locke. 
COURT-LEET*, kdrteMeet. n. s. [court and leobe, 
or leub, Sax.] A court of record, held once in the 
year, within a particular hundred, lordship, or 
manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone. 
COURT-MARTIAL*, kirte-mar'-shai. n.s. A court 

appointed to investigate military offences. 
CO'URTEOUS, kur'-tshe-us. 314. a. [courtois, Fr.] 

Elegant of manners ; polite. Shakspeare. 
COURTEOUSLY, kfir'-tshe-us-Ie. ad. Respectful- 
ly ; civilly. Wotton.. 
CO'URTEOUSNESS, kfir'-tshe-us-nes. n.s. Civili- 
ty; complaisance. 
COURTER*, kc-rte'-fir. n. s. He who wooes or so- 
licits women. Sherwood. 
COURTESAN, or CO'URTEZAN, kfir-te-zan'. 
523. n. s. [pourlisane, Fr.] A woman of the town. 
ShoJcspeare. 
COTJRTESYS, kfir'-te-se. n. s. [courtoisie, Fr.] Ele- 
gance of manners ; civility. Spenser. An act of 
civility or respect. Shak. A tenure, not of right, 
but by the favour of others. 
COURTESY, kfirt'-se.rj.s. The reverence made by 

women. Dry den. 
^ty This word, when it signifies an act of reverence, is 
not only deprived of one of its syllables by all speakers, 
but, by the vulgar, has its last syllable changed into che 
or tshe, as if written curt-she .• this impropriety, how- 
ever, seems daily to lose ground, even among the lower 
orders of the people, who begin to restoie the s to its 
pure sound. W. 

To COURTESY, kurt'-se. v.n. To perform an act 
of reverence. Shale. To make a reverence in the 
manner of ladies. Prior. 
To CO'URTESY*, kurt'-se. v. a. To treat with 
courtesy. Sir R. Williams. 

CO'URTIER, korteM'fir. 113. n.s. One that fre- 
quents the courts of princes. Shakspeare. One thai 
courts the favour of another. Shakspeare. 

CO'URTIERY* korte'-y&r-e. n. s. The manners of 
a courtier. B. Jonson. 

CO'URTINE. See Curtain. 

COURTLIKE, k6rte'-llke. a. Elegant ; polite. 
Camden. 

COURTLINESS, k6rte'-le-nes. n.s. Elegance of 
manners. Ld. Digby. 

CO URTLING, korte'-lmg. n. s. A retainer to a 
court. B. Jonson. 

COURTLY, korte'-le. a. Relating to the court; ele- 
gant; soft. Spenser. 

COURTLY. k6rteMe. ad. Elegantly. Dryden. 
245 



GOV 














COW 


O* 559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fill, fat ; 


—me, 


m£t ;- 


— pine 


p?n ;— 



COURTSHIP, korte'-ship. ». s. The act of solicit- 
ing favour. More. The solicitation of a woman to 
marriage. Shak. Civility ; elegance of manners. 
Donne. 

COUSIN §, kfiz'-zn. 314, 159. n.s. [cousin, Fr.] Any 
one collaterally related more remotely than a 
brother or sister ; a kinsman. Sluxk, A title given 
by the king to a nobleman, particularly to those of 
the council. Shakspeare. 

CO'USIN*, kfiz'-zn. a. Allied; kindred, qhaucer. 

COUTH*. See Uncouth. 

CO'UTEAU*, k66-t6'. n.s. [Fr. a knife.] A hanger. 

COVE §, kove, n. s. [covum, Lat.] A small creek or 
bay. A shelter; a cover. 

To COVE*, kove. v. a. To arch over. Swinburne. 

CO'VENABLE* kfiv'-e-na-bl. a. [covenable, old Fr.] 
Fit ; suitable. Wicliffe. 

CO'VENABLY*, kfiv'-e-na-ble. ad. Fitly; properly. 
Archcvol, 

CO'VENANT §, kfiv'-e-nant. 166, 503. n. s. [cove- 
nans, old Fr.] A contract ; a stipulation. Milton. 
An agreement on certain terms. Hammond. A 
writing containing the terms of agreement. Shak. 

To CO'VENANT, kfiv'-e-nant. v. n. To bargain. 
Spenser. To agree with another on certain terms. 
St. Matthew. 

To CO'VENANT*, kfiv'-e-nant. v. a. To contract; 
to stipulate. Haggai. 

COVEN ANTE'E, kfiv-e-ndn-tee'. n. s. A party to a 
covenant. Aylitfe. 

CO'VENANTER, kfiv'-e-nan-tfir. n. s. One who 
takes a covenant. Sir H. Walton. 

CO'VENOUS, kfiv'-e-nfis. a. [from covin.] Fraudu- 
lent; collusive; trickisb. Bacon. 

CO'VENT* kov'-ent. n.s. [old Fr.covent, for convent : 
Covent Garden is supposed to mean a garden that 
belonged to a convent.] A convent, or monastery. 
Bale. 

T<?CO'VER§, kfiv'-fir. 165. v. a. [couvrir, Fr.] To 
overspread any thing. Psalms. To conceal under 
something laid over. Milton. To hide by superfi- 
cial appearances. To overwhelm; to bury. Walts. 
To conceal from notice or punishment. 1 Pet. To 
shelter ; to protect. Cowley. To incubate ; to 
brood on. Addison. To copulate with a female. 
To wear the hat, as a mark of superiority, or inde- 
pendence. Dryden. 

CO'VER, kfiv'-fir. 98. n. s. Any thing that is laid 
over another. Bacon. A concealment ; a screen ; 
a veil. Collier. Shelter; defence from weather. 
Clarendon. [In hunting.] Shelter; retreat, where 
the fox or hare is supposed to be. 

CO'VERCLE*, kfiv'-fir-kl. n. s. [couverck, Fr.] A 
lid or cover. Sir T. Brown. 

CO'VERCHIEF*, k&v'-fir-tshif. n. s. [couvrechef, 
Fr.] A covering for the head. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

CO'VERER*, kfiv'-fir-fir. n. s. That which covers. 

CO'VER-SHAME, kfiv'-fir-shame. n. s. Some ap- 
pearance used to conceal infamy. Dryden. 

CO'VERSLUT*, k&v'-fir-slfti. n. s. An appearance 
to hide sluttishness. Burke. 

CO'VERING, kfiv'-fir-mg. n. s. Dress ; vesture. 2 
Samuel. 

COVERLET, kfiv'-fir-let. 99. n.s. [couvrelict, Fr.] 
The outermost of the bedclothes. Spenser. 

CO' VERT, kfiv'-firt. 98. n. s. A shelter ; a defence. 
Isaiah. A thicket, or hiding place. Sluikspeare. 

CO'VERT, kfiv'-firt. a. Sheltered; not exposed. 
Private ; insidious. Shakspeare. 

CO'VERT, kfiv'-firt. a. The state of a woman shelter- 
ed by marriage ; as, covert baron, feme covert. 
Dnwten. 

CO'VERT-WAY, kfiv'-Qrt-wa'. n.s. [In fortifica- 
tion.] A space of ground level with the field, three 
or four fathom broad, ranging quite round the half 
moons, or other works toward the country. Harris. 
CO'VERTLY, kfiv'-firt-le. ad. Secretly; closely. 

Spenser. 
CO'VERTNESS, kfiv'-firt-nes. n.s. Secrecy. Diet. 
COVERTURE, kfiv'-fir-tshfire. n.s. Shelter; de- 
fence. Bacon. The estate and condition of a mar- 
ried woman, who is disabled to contract with any 



without her husband's allowance or confirmation 

Cowel. 
To CO'VET §, kfiv'-et. 99. v. a. [couvoiter, Fr.] To 

desire inordinately. Shakspeare. 
To CO'VET, kfiv'-et. v. n. To have a strong desire. 

1 Timothy. 
CO'VET ABLE, kfiv'-et-a-bl. a. To be wished for. 

Sherwood. 
CO'VETING* kfiv'-et-fng. n. s. Inordinate desire. 

Shakspeare, 
CO'VETINGLY* kfiv'-el-ing-le. ad. Eagerly. B. 

Jonson. 
CO'VETISE, kuv'-ct-is. n.s. Avarice; covetous- 

ness. Spenser. Ob. J. 
CO'VETOUS, kfiv'-e-tfis. a. Inordinately desirous. 

Drijden. Avaricious. 2 Peter. Desirous ; eager. 

Shakspeare. 

$5= In the pronunciation of this word and its compounds 
Mr. Sheridan has adopted a vulgarism, of which one 
could scarcely have suspected him : but pronouncing 
covetshus for covetous is not only a vulgarism, but con- 
trary to analogy. All those diphthongs and diphthon- 
gal vowels, which draw the preceding consonants to as- 
piration, are such as commonce with the sound of e ; 
which, from its nearness to the sound of double e, and 
the nearness of this sound to the commencing sound of 
y, approaches to the hissing sound of s, z, and soft c, 
and, in the absence of accent, coalesces with them. T 
and d, being formed in the same seat of sound as the s, 
, z, and soft c, when the accent is before them, easily 
' slide into the same sound before similar vowels, but 
never before any other : for we might, with as much 
propriety, pronounce calamitous and necessitous, ca- 
lamitshus and necessitshus, as covetous, covetshus. 
459. W. 

COVETOUSLY, kfiv'-ve-tfis-te. ad. Avariciously ; 

eagerly. Shakspeare. 
CO'VETOUSNESS, kfiv'-ve-tfis-nes. n.s. Avarice. 

Bp. Taylor. Eagerness ; desire. Shakspeare. 
CO'VEY, kfiv'-ve. 165. n. s. [couvee, Fr.] A hatch ; 

an old bird with her young ones. A number of 

birds together. Addison. 
CO'VIN, I . V, 2 (n.s. A deceitful agreement 
CCVINE, \ \ between two or more, to 

the hurt of another. Cowel. 
CO'VING, kfi'-ving. n. s. A term in building, used 

of houses that project over the ground-plot. Harris. 
COW§, kofi. 323. n. s. [In the plural, anciently, kine 

or keen, now commonly cows ; cu,Sax.j The female 

of the bull. Bacon. 
COW*, kfifi. n. s. The moving top of the chimney of 

a hop-oast, or kiln. Pegge. 
To COW, kfifi. v. a. [kufiva, Su.] To depress with 

fear. Shakspeare. 
COW-HERD, kfifi'-herd. n. s. [cu-hepde, Sax.] 

One whose occupation is to tend cows. 
COW-HOUSE, kfi&'-hofise. n. s. The house in which 

kine are kept. Mortimer. 
COW-ITCH*. See Couhage. 
COW-LEECH, k6fi'-letsh. n. s. One who professes 

to cure distempered cows. 
To COW-LEECH, kofi'-letsh. v. n. To profess to 

cure cows. Mortimer. 
COW-POCK t, kfiu'-p6k. n. s. An eruption from the 

teats of a cow; said to be an infallible preservative 

from the small pox. 
COW- WEED, kSfi'-wede. n. s. A species of chervil 
COW-WHEAT, kofi'-hwete. n. s. A plant. 
CO'WARD §, kfiu'-fird. 88, 323. n. s. [award, Fr.] 

A poltron, whose predominant passion is fear. 

Sidney. It is sometimes used in the manner of an 

adjective. Shakspeare. 
CO'WARD*, kou'-fird. a. Dastardly. Spenser. 
To CO'WARD*, kou'-fird. v. a. To make timorous 

or cowardly. Shakspeare. 
CO'WARDICE, kofi'-ftr-dfs. 142. n.s. Fear; habit- 
ual timidity. Spenser. 
To CO'WARDIZE* kSfi'-fir-dlze. v. a. To render 

cowardly. Scott. 
CO'WARDLIKE*, kfifi'-fird-llke. a. Resembling a 

coward. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CO'WARDLINESS, kofi'-fird-le-nes. n. s. Timidi- 
ty ; cowardice. Bp. Hall. 
246 



CRA 



CRA 



-no. move, ndr, nftt ;— tiSbe, td.b, bfill ; — fill j— poftnd ;— thin, THis. 



COWARDLY, kdu'-fird-le. a. Fearful ; timorous. 

Bacon. Mean. Shakspeare. 
COWARDLY, kdu'-urd-le. ad. Meanly; vilely. 

Knolles. 
COWARDOUS*. kotY-urd-as. a. Cowardly. Bar- 
ret. Ob. T. 
COWARDSHIP, k6iY-urd-sh1p. n. *. The qualities 

of a coward. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To COWER*, k6u'-cr. 223. v.n. [cwrrian, Welsh.] 

To sink bv bending the knees ; to stoop. Bacon. 
To COWER*, k6u"-ur. v. a. [couvre, old Fr.] To 

cherish by care. Spenser. 
COWISH. kduMsh. a. [from To cow.] Timorous ; 

fearful. Shakspeare. 
COWKEEPER, kSu'-ke-pur. n.s. One whose busi- 
ness is to keep cows. Broome. 
COWLS, kdiil. 323. n.s. [cu^le, Sax.] A monk's 
hood. Camden. A vessel in which water is carried 
on a pole between two. Wood. 
COWL-STAFF. kSul-'-staf. n. s. The staff on which 
a vessel is supported between two men. Suck- 
ling. 
COWLED*, kould. a. Wearing a cowl. Shenstone. 
COWLIKE*, kfi&'-llke. a. Resembling a row. 

Pope. 
COWORKER, ko-w&rk'-or. n. s. One engaged in 

the same work ; fellow-labourer. Gregory. 
COWSLIP, kou'-sllp. n.s. [curlippe, Sax.] A spe- 
cies of primrose. Miller. 
COWS-LUNGWORT, kduz-iang'-w&rt. n. s. A spe- 
cies of mullein. 
COXCOMB S, k6ks / -k6me. n. s. The top of the head. 
Shak. The comb resembling that of a cock, which 
licensed fools wore formerly in their caps. Shak. 
A fop; a superficial pretender to knowledge or 
accomplishments. Shak. A kind of red flower. 
CO XCOMBLY* koks'-k6me-le. a. Like a cox- 
comb. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CO'XCOMBRYt, koks'-k6me-re. n.s. Foppishness. 

Lady Mary W. Montague. 
COXCOMICAL, koks-kom'-lk-al. a. Foppish ; con- 
ceited. Dennis. 
COY$, k6e. a. [coy, old Fr.] Modest; decent. 

Chaucer. Reserved ; not accessible. Spenser. 
To COY, kde. 329. v.n. To behave with reserve. 
Dryden. To make difficulty; not to condescend 
willingly. Shakspeare. 
To COY, k&e. v. a. [for decoy.] To allure ; to flatter. 

Shakspeare. 
CO YISH*. k&eMsh. a. Modest ; reserved. 
CO'YLV, k&eMe. ad. With reserve. Chapman. 
CO'YNESS. kbk'-nh. n.s. Reserve. Walton. 
COYSTREL. See Coistrel. 
COZ, kuz. n. s. A cant word for cousin. Slmkspeare. 
To COZENS, kuz'-zn. v. a. To cheat; to trick. 

Spenser. 
COZENAGE, kfiz'-zn-aje. 90. n.s. Fraud; deceit. 

Sliakspeare. 
COZENER, kuz'-zn-ur. 98. n.s. A cheater; a de- 

frauder. Sliakspeare. 
COZIER*. See Cosier. 

CRABS, krab. n.s. [cpabba, Sax.] A crustaceous 
fish. Bacon. A wild apple. Sliak. A peevish, 
morose person. A wooden engine with three 
claws for launching of ships. Phillips. The sign 
in the zodiack. Creech. 
CRAB, krab. a. Any sour or degenerate fruit. Bp. 

Hall. 
To CRAB*, krab. v. a. To sour ; to render peevish. 

Glanrille. 
CRA'BBED, krab'-bed. 366. a. Peevish ; morose. 
Spenser. Harsh; unpleasing. Shakspeare. Diffi- 
cult ; perplexing. Hudibras. 
CRA'BBEDLY, lcrab'-be'd-ie. a. Peevishly. Barret. 
CRA'BBEDNESS, krab'-bed-ne's. n. s. Sourness of 
taste. Sourness of countenance ; asperity of man- 
ners. Beaumont and Fletcher. Difficulty ; perplex- 
ity. Hoioell. 
CRA'BBY* krab'-be. a. Difficult; perplexing 

Mar stem. 
CRA'BER, kra'-bar. n. s. The water-rat. Walton. 
CRABS-EYES. krabz'-fee. n.s. Whitish bodies 



produced by the common crawfish, and used in 
medicine. Hill. 
CRACKS, krak. n.s. [croc, Fr.] A sudden disrup 
tion, by which the parts are separated but a little 
way from each other. A narrow breach. Wise- 
man. The sound of any body bursting. Shak. 
Any sudden and quick sound. Shak. Change of 
the voice in puberty. Shak. Breach of chastity. 
Shak. Crazines9 of intellect. A man crazed. A d- 
dison. A whore: in low language. A boast. 
Burton. An instant : a low phrase. A lad. Shak. 

ToCRACK, krak. v. a. Tobreak into chinks. Morti- 
mer. To break ; to split. Shak. To do any thing 
with quickness or smartness. B. Jonson. To 
break or destroy any thing. Shak. To craze. 
Bacon. 

To CRACK, krak. v.n. To burst; to open in chinks. 
Boyle. To fall to ruin. Dryden. To utter a loud 
and sudden sound. Shak. To boast. Shak. 

CRACK-BRAINED, krak-brand'. £59. a. Crazy. 
Howell. 

CRACK-HEMP, krak'-hemp. n. s. A wretch fated 
to the ff allows. Shakspeare. 

CRACK-ROPE, krak'-rope. n.s. A fellow that de- 
serves hanging. 

CRA'CKER, krak'-ur. n. s. A noisy, boasting fellow. 
Sliak. A quantity of gunpowder confined so as to 
burst with great noise. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
That which cracks or breaks a thing. B. Jonson. 

To CRA'CKLE, krak'-kl. 405. v.n. To make slight 
cracks ; to make small and frequent noises. Donne. 

CRA'CKLTNG*, krak'-llng. n. s. A small but fre- 
quent noise. Eccles. 

CRA'CKNEL, krak'-nel n. s. [craquelin, Fr.] A hard, 
brittle cake. Spenser. 

CRA'DLES,kra'-dl. 405. n.s. [cnadel, Sax.] A 
movable bed, on which children are agitated with 
a smooth and equal motion, to make them sleep. 
Sliak. Infancy, or the first part of life. Spenser. 
[With surgeons.] A case for a broken bone. [With 
shipwrights.] A frame of timber raised along the 
outside of a ship to help to launch her. Harris. 
An instrument used in scraping mezzotintoes. 
Chambers. A part added to a sithe, to gather 
the com into swaths. Chambers. 

To CRA'DLE, kra'-dl. v. a. To lay or rock in a 
cradle. Glanville. 

To CRA'DLE*, kra'-dl. v.n. To lodge as in a 
cradle. Sliakspeare. 

CRADLE-CLOTHES, kra'-dl-kl6ze. n.s. Bed- 
clothes belonging to a cradle. Shakspeare. 

CRAFTS, kraft. 79. n.s. [cpaepfc, Sax.] Manual art ; 
trade. Wotton. Art ; dexterity. B. Jonson. Fraud $ 
cunning. Shakspeare. Small sailing vessels. 

To CRAFT, kraft. v. n. To play tricks. Shakspeare. 
Ob. J. 

CRA'FTILY, kraf-te-le. ad. Cunningly; artfully. 
Knolles. Skilfully. Chaucer. 

CRATTINESS, kraf -te-neS. n. s. Cunning ; strata- 
gem. Job. 

CRA'FTSMAN, krafts'-man. n. s. An artificer : a 
mechanick. Spenser. 

CRA'FTSMASTER, kraftV-ma-star. n.s. A man 
skilled in his trade. Shakspeare. 

CRA'FTY, kraf-te. a. Cunning; artful. Sliak- 
speare. 

CRAGS, krag. "• s. A rough, steep rock. Gibson. 
The rugged protuberances of rocks. Fairfax 
The neck. Spenser. 

CRA'GGED, krag'-geU 366. a. Full of inequalities 
and prominences. Crashaw. 

CRA'GGEDNESS, krag'-gSd-nes. n. s. Fulness of 
crags or prominent rocks. Brerewood. 

CRA'GGINESS, krag'-ge-nes. n.s. The state of be- 
ing craggy. Howell. 

CRA'GGY, krag'-ge. 383. a. Rugged ; full of prom- 
inences. Spenser. 

CRAKE §*, krake. n.s. A boast. Spenser. 
To CRAKE*, krake. v. n. To brag ; to boast. Spen- 
ser. 
To CRAKE*, krake. v. a. To utter boastmgly. 
Spenser. 

247 



CRA 



CRA 



O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mh;— pine, pin: 



CRA'KER* kra'-kur. n. s. A boaster. Huloet. 

To CRAM$, kram. v. a. [cpamman, Sax.] To stuff 

with more than can conveniently be held. Sliak. 

To fill with food beyond satiety. King. To thrust 

in by force. Shakspeare. 

To CRAM, kram. v. n. To eat beyond satiety. 

Pope. 
CRA'MBO, kram'-b6. n.s. [a cant word.] A play at 
which one gives a word, to which another finds a 
rhyme ; a rhyme. Swift. 
CRAMP §, kramp. n. s. [krampe, Dut.] A spasm or 
contraction of the limbs. Shak. A restriction ; a 
confinement. L' Estrange. A piece of iron bent at 
each end, by which two bodies are held together. 
Wilkins. 
CRAMP, kramp. a. Difficult ; knotty. Goodman. 
To CRAMP, kramp. v. a. To pain with cramps or 
twitches. Dryden. To restrain; to confine. Ba- 
con. To bind with crampirons. Burke. 
CRAMP-FISH, kramp'-fish. hi s. The torpedo, which 
benumbs the hands of those that touch it. Sir T. 
Herbert, 
CRA'MPIRON, krampM-flm. n. s. See Cramp. 
CRA'NAGE, kra'-nldje. 90. n.s. [cranagiwn, low 
Lat.] A liberty to use a crane, or the money paid 
and taken for the same. Cowel. 
CRA'NBERRY* kran'-beV-re. n. s. The whortle- 
berry, or bilberry. 
To CRANCH*. See To Craunch. 
CRANE $, krane. n. s. [cpan, Sax.] A bird with a 
Jong beak. Isaiah. An instrument made with 
ropes, pulleys, and hooks, by which great weights 
are raised. Mortimer. A siphon for drawing liquors 
out of a cask. 
CRANES-BILL, kranz'-bll. n. s. An herb. A pair 
of pincers terminating in a point, used by sur- 
geons. 
CRANIUM, kra'-ne-fim. 507. n. s. [Lat.] The 

skull. Wiseman. 
CRANK$, krangk. 408. n. s. [cpancyfcsep, Sax.] 
The end of an iron axis turned square down, and 
again turned square to the first turning down. 
Moxon. Any bending or winding passage. Shak. 
Any conceit formed by changing the form or mean- 
ing of a word. Milton. An impostor. Burton. 
CRANK, krangk. a. [imkranck, Dutch.] Healthy ; 
sprightly. Spenser. Among sailors, a ship is said 
to be crank, when loaded too much above, and lia- 
ble to be overset. Howell. 
To CRANK*, krangk. v. n. To turn ; to run in and 

out. Shakspeare. 
To CRA'NKLE, krang'-kl. 405. v. n. To run in and 

out. Drayton. 
To CRA'NKLE, krang'-kl. v. a. To break into une- 
qual surfaces, or angles. Phillips. 



n. s. A violent, compli 
[tcpaots.] Temperature 



[eras, 



Angular promi- 

n.s. Health; vigour. 

Full of chinks. SJiak. 
[crena, Lat.] A chink; 



CRA'NKLES, krangk'-klz 
nences. 

CRA'NKNESS, krangk'-nSs. 
Disposition to overset. 

CRA'NNIED, kran'-ne-e'd. a 

CRA'NNY $, kran'-ne 
a fissure. Bacon. 

GRANTS*, krantz. n. s. [krantz, Germ.] The gar- 
lands carried before the bier of a maiden, and hung 
over her grave. Shakspeare. 

CRAPE, krape. n. s. [crepe, Fr.] A thin stuff, loosely 
woven, of which the dress of the clergy is some- 
times made. Swift. 

CRA'PLE*. n. s. [krappeln, Germ.] A claw. Spen- 
ser. 

CRA'PULA*, krap'-u-la. n.s. [Lat.] A surfeit, or 
sickness by intemperance. Cotton. 

CRA'PULENCE, krap'-u-lense. n.s. Drunkenness; 
sickness by intemperance. Diet. 

CRA'PULOUS, krap'-u-lfis. a. Drunken. Diet. 

To CRASE*, krize. See To Craze. 

To CRASH $, krash. v. n. To make a loud, compli- 
cated noise, as of many things falling or breaking 
at once. Smith. 

To CRASH, krash, v. a. To break or bruise. 

CRASH, krash. n. s. A loud, sudden, mixed sound, 
as of many things broken at the same time. SJiak. | 



CRASHING* krash'-fnc 
cated noise. Zeph. 

CRA 1 SIS, kra'-sls. n. s. 
constitution. Glanville. 

CRASS §, kras. a. [crassus, Lat.] Gross; coarse 
Brown. 

CRA'SSIMENT* kras'-se-ment. n.s. Thickness. 
Smith. 

CRA'SSITUDE, kras'-se-tude. n.s. Crossness; 
coarseness; thickness. Bacon. 

CRA'SSNESS*, kras'-nes. n. s. Grossness. Glan- 
mile. 

CRASTINA'TION, kras-te-na'-shfin. 
LatJ Delay. Diet. 

CRATCH, kratsh. n.s. [creicche,Fr.] The palisaded 
frame in which hav is put for cattle. Hakewill. 

To CRATCH*, kratsh. v. a. See r lo Scratch. To 
tear; as, to cratch out one's eyes. Huloet. 

CRA'TER*, kra'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] A vent, or aper 
ture. Berkeley. 

CRATE*, krate. n. s. [kraet, Germ.] A pannier, or 
wicker vessel. 

To CRAUNCH, krantsh. 214. v. a. [schrantsen, 
Dutch.] To crush in the mouth. Swift. 

CRAVA'T, kra-vat'.rt. s. [cravate, Fr.]" A neckcloth; 

any thing worn about the neck. Hudibras. 
£5" Dr. Johnson tells us this word is of uncertain ety- 
mology. It is certain, however, that it comes from the 
French ; and Menage tells us it arose among them from 
the Croats, who, being in alliance with France against 
the emperour, came to Paris, and were remarked for the 
linen they wore about their necks. This soon became a 
fashion, and was called after the original wearers, 
croat, which, by a small alteration, became cravat. 
This word is sometimes, but improperly, pronounced 
with the accent on the first syllable. This pronuncia- 
tion is adopted only by Dr. Ash and Buchanan, while 
Dr. Johnson, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Naree, 
Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick, Entick, and Bailey, 
are uniformly for the accent on the last syllable. W'. 

To CRAVE $, krave. v. a. [cpapian, Sax.] To ask 
with earnestness ; to entreat. Holder. To ask in- 
satiably. Denham. To long ; to wish unreasona- 
bly. To call for importunately. Shakspeare. 
CRA'VEN, kra'-vn. 103. n. s. "[from crave, as one 
that craves his life.] A cock conquered and dis- 
pirited. Shak. A coward ; a recreant. Shakspeare. 
CRA'VEN, kra'-vn. a. Cowardly; base. Spenser. 
To CRA'VEN, kra'-vn. v. a. Td make recreant or 

cowardly. Shakspeare. 
CRA'VER, kra/-vur. n. s. An insatiable asker. 

Sherwood. 
CRA'VING* kra'-vlng. n. s. Unreasonable desire. 

South. 
CRAW, kraw. n. s. [kroe, Danish.] The crop or first 
stomach of birds. Ray. The human stomach, in 
contempt. Anderson. 
CRA'WFISH, kraw'-fish. n.s. [eensvisse, Fr.] A 

small crustaceous fish found in brooks. Bacon. 
To CRAWLS, krawl. v.n. [krielen, Dutch.] To 
creep ; to move as a worm. Milton. To move 
weakly and slowly. Shak. To advance slowly 
and shly. ShaJc. To move about hated and de- 
spised. South. 
CRAWL*, krawl. 

a boat. 

CRA'WLER, kraw'-lfir. n. s. A creeper. Lovelace. 
CRAY*, CRAYER*,or CRARE*. n. s. [craier, old 

Fr.] A small sea-vessel. Sliakspcare. 
CRA'YFISH, kraw'-fish. n. s. See Crawfish. 
CRA'YON, kra'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of pencil. 
Dryden. A drawing or design done with a pencil 
or crayon. 
To CRAZE §, kraze. v. a. [ecraser, Fr.] To break ; 
to crush ; to weaken. Hooker. To powder. Ca- 
rew. To impair the intellect. Shakspeare. 
CRA'ZEDNESS, kra/-zed-nes. 365. n. s. Decrepi- 
tude ; brokenness. Hooker. 
CRA'ZJNESS, kraZ-ze-ne's. n. s. Imbecility ; weak- 
ness. Howell. Weakness of intellect. 
CRA'ZY, kra'-ze. a. Broken ; decrepit. Shak. Shat- 
tered in the intellect. Bp. Taylor. Weak; feeble; 
ailing; out of order. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
248 



[corral, Span.] The well in 



CRE 



CRE 



— 116, move, ndr. not •,— tube, tab, ball ;— oil ;— pfiund ;— Z/iin, Tuis. 



CREAGHT, krale. n.s. [Irish.] Herds of cattle. 

Denies. 
To CREAGHT, krate. t>. ». To graze upon lands. 

Done?. 
To CREAK, kreke. r. n. Lcrwuer.oW FY.] To make 

a harsh, protracted noise. Dryden. 
CREAKING*, kre'-kfng. n. s. A harsh noise. 

Shakspeare. 
CREAM$. kreme. ?'. s. [/rra'wrt, Goth.] The unc- 
tuous or oily part of milk. Sliak. The best part 
of any thing. Heuyt. 
To CREAM, kreme. v. n. To gather on the surface. 

Shakspear&i 
To CREAM, kreme. v. a. To skim off the cream. 
Wodroephe's Fr. Gr. To take the flower and 
quintessence of any thing. Swift. 
CREAM-FACED, kreme'-faste. a. Pale 3 coward- 
looking. Shalcspeare. 
CRE'AMY, kre'-me. a. Having the nature of cream. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CRE'ANCE, kre'-anse. n.s. [Fr.] A fine, small 
line , fastened to a hawk's leash when she is first 
lured. 
CREASE ft, krese. 427. n. s. [kroesen, Teut.] A 

mark made by doubling any thing. Sivift. 
To CREASE, krese. v. a. To mark any thing by 

doubling it. 
To CREATE §, kre-ate'. v. a. [creo, Lat/J To form 
out of nothing; to cause to exist. Genes-is. To pro- 
duce; to cause. Shak. To beget. To invest with 
any new character. Shak. To give any new qual- 
ities. Davies. 
CREATE*, kre-ate 7 . a. Begotten. Slunk. Com- 
posed ; made up. Shakspeare. 
CREATION, kre-a'-sh&n. n. s. The act of creating. 
Bp. Taylor. The act of investing with new 
qualities or character ; as, the creation of peers. 
The universe. Denham. Any thing produced, or 
caused. Shakspeare. 
CREATIVE, kre-a'-tlv. 157. a. Having the power 
to create. Thomson. Exerting the act of creation. 
South. 
CREATOR §, kre-a'-tfir. 166. n. s. [Lat.] The Be- 
ing that bestows existence. Milton. 
CREATRESS*, kre-a/-tres. n. s. She who makes 

anv thing. Spenser. 
CRE'ATL RE, kre'-tshure. 46 1 , 462. n. s. A being not 
self-existent, but created by the Supreme Power. 
Stilling fleet. Any thing created. Bacon. An animal, 
not human. Shak. A general term for man. Spenser. 
A word of contempt ibr a human being. Shak. A 
word of petty tenderness. *Shak. A person who 
owes his rise or his fortune to another. Clarendon. 
CRE'ATURELY, kre'-tshure-le. a. Having the 

qualities of a creature. Cheyne. 
CRE'ATURESHIP*, kreMshurc-shlp. n.s. The 

state of a creature. Dr. Cave. 
CRE'BRITUDE, kreb'-re-tude. n. s. [creber, Lat.] 

Frequentness. Diet. 
CRE'JoROUS, kreb'-rus. a. Frequent. Diet. 
CREDENCE §, kre'-dense. n. s. .[credo, Lat.] Be- 
lief; credit. Spenser. That which gives a claim 
to credit or belief. Hayivard. 
To CRE'DENCE*, kre'-dense. v. a. To believe. 

SkelUyi. Ob. T. 
CREDE'NDA, kre-den'-da. 92. n.s. [Lat.] Things 

to be believed ; articles of faith. South. 
CREDENT, kre'-dent. a. Believing ; easy of be- 
lief. Shakspeare. Having credit. Sliakspeare. 
CREDENTIAL*, kre-den'-shal. a. Giving a title 

to credit. 
CREDENTIAL, kre-den'-shal. n.s. That which 
gives a title to credit ; the warrant upon which be- 
lief is claimed. Addison. 
CREDIBILITY, kred-e-bll'-e-te. n.s. Claim to 

credit. Tiihtson. 
CRE'DIBLE $, kred'-e-bl. 405. a. [credibilis, Lat.] 

Worlhv of credit. Gower. 
CRE'DlBLENESS, kred'-e-bl-nes. n. s. Credibility; 

just claim to belief. Boyle. 
CRE'DIBLY, kr^d'-e-ble. ad. In a manner that 
claims belief. Bacon. 

m 



CREDITS, kred'-ft. n.s. [credit, Fr.] Belief of. 
1 Mace. Honour ; reputation. Pope. Esteem ; 

food opinion. Bacon. Faith ; testimony. Hooker. 
'rust reposed ; with regard to property: correla- 
tive to debt. Locke. Promise given. Addison. In- 
fluence ; interest. Sidney. 

To CRE'DIT, krtd'-h. v. a. To believe. Shak. To 
procure credit to any thing. Waller. To trust ; to 
confide in. To admit as a debtor. 

CRE'DITABLE, kred'-lt-a-bl. a. Reputable ; above 
contempt. A rbuthnol. Honourable ; estimable. Til- 
lolson. 

CRE'DITABLENESS, kred'-It-a-bl-nes. n.s. Rep- 
utation; estimation. Decay of Piety . 

CRE'DITABLY, kred'-lt-a-ble, ad. Reputably. 
South. 

CRE'DITOR, kred'-it-fir. 166. n.s. He to whom a 
debt is owed. Shak. One who credits ; one who 
believes. Shakspeare. 

CRETJITRIX* kred'-?t-r?ks. n. s. She to whom 



money is owed. Life of Cotton. 
kre-du/-le-te. n. 



Easiness of be- 



| CREDULITY, k 

lief. Sidnei/. 

CRE'DULOUS §, kred'-ju-lfis. 367, 293. a. [credu- 
■ lus, Lat.] Apt to believe ; unsuspecting. Shak. 

CRE'DULOTJSLY* kred'-ju-lfis-le. ad. In an un- 
suspecting manner. Goodman. 

CRE'DULOUSNESS, kred'-ju-lus-nes.n.*. Credu- 
lity. Sir E. Sandys. 

CREED §, kreed. ?i. s. [cpeba, Sax.] A form of 
words in which the articles of faith are compre- 
hended. Hammond. Any solemn profession of 
principles. Shakspeare. 

To CREEK, kreek. v. a. To make a harsh noise. 
Shakspeare. 

CREEKS, kreek. 246. n.s. [cpecca, Sax.] A prom- 
inence or jut in a winding coast. Davies. A small 
port; a bay; a cove. Ads. Any turn, or alley. 
Shak. — Creek of day. The first appearance of the 
dawn. Turberville. 

CRE'EKY, kree'-ke. a. Full of creeks ; winding. 
Spenser. 

To CREEP S, kreep. 246. v. n. [pret. crept : cpypan. 
Sax.] To move as a worm. Milton. To grow 
along the ground, or on other supports. Dryden. 
To move forward as insects. To move slowly and 
feebly. Shak. To move secretly and clandestinely. 
Shak. To move timorously, without venturing into 
dangers. Dryden. To come unexpected. Sidney. 
To behave with servilitv; to fawn. Shakspeare. 

CREEPER, kree'-pur. 98. n. s. A plant that sup- 
ports itself by means of some stronger body. Bacon. 
An iron used to slide along the grate in kitchens. 
A kind of patten or clog worn by women. An in- 
sect. Burton. A small bird, called also the ox-eye. 
[In naval language.] A sort of grapnel, used lor 
recovering things that may be cast overboard. 

CRE'EP-HOLE, kreep'-hoie. n. s. A hole into 
which any animal may creep. A subterfuge; an 
excuse. 

CRE'EPINGLY, kreep'-Jng-le. ad. Slowly; after 
the manner of a reptile. Sidney. 

CRE'EPLE, kre'-pl. n. s. [qiypel, Sax.] A lame 



person; a cripple. Donne. 

"IN,' 
A burning-. 



CREMATION .'kre-ma'-shun. n.s. [crematio, Lat.] 

CRE r MG'K, kre/-mor../?.s. [Lat.] A soft liquor 

resembling cream. Ray. 
CRE'MOSIN*. See Crimosin. 
CRE'NATED, kren'-at-ed. a. [crena,L&t] Notched, 

indented. Woodward. 
CREOLES*, kre'-olz. n. s. Such as are descended 

from the Spaniards; natives of Spanish America. 

Guthrie. 
CRETANE, kre'-pan. n. s. An ulcer seated in the 

midst of the forepart of the foot of a horse. Far- 
rier's Diet. 
To CRETITATE S, krep'-e-tate. 91. v.n. [crepito, 

Lat.] To make a small, crackling noise; to break 

wind. Cockeram. 
CREPITATION, krep-e-ta'-shon. n. s. A small, 

crackling noise. 

6 249 



cm 



cm 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin 5- 



CREPT, krfipt. part, from cree». 

CREPU'SCULE§, kre-pfis'-kule. n. s.\crepusculum, 
Lat.] Twilight. Diet. 

CREPU'SCULINE*, kre-pus'-ku-lin. a. Glimmer- 
ing-; cepusculous. Sprat. 

CREPU'Si ^ULOUS, kre-pfis'-ku-las. a. Glimmer- 
ing'. Glam dlle. 

CRE'SCENT §, kres'-sent. a. [cresco, Lat.] Increas- 
ing ; growing. Shafcspeare. 

CRE'SCENT, kres'-sent. n. s. The moon in her 
state of increase. Slwkspeare. 

To CRE'SCENT*, kres'-sent. v. a. To form into a 
crescent. Seward. 

CRE'SCIVE, kres'-siv. 158. a. Increasing; grow- 
ing. Slwkspeare. 

CRESS. kres. n. s. An herb. Miller. 

CRE'SSET, kres'-set. 99. n.s. [croisette, Fr.] A 
great light set upon a beacon, or watch-tower. 
Shak. Simply, a lamp, or torch. Holinshed. 

CREST $, krest. n. s. [cpserta, Sax.] The plume 
of feathers on the top of the ancient helmet; the 
helmet. Shak. The comb of a cock. Milton. The 
ornament of the helmet in heraldry. Canteen. Any 
tuft or ornament on the head. Dryden. Pride; 
spirit; fire. Shakspeare. 

To CREST*, kr§st. v. a. To mark with long streaks. 
To serve as a crest for. Slwkspeare. 

CRE'STED, kres'-ted. a. Adorned with a plume or 
crest. Milton. Wearing a comb. Dniden. 

CREST-FALLEN, krest'-faln. a. Dejected; sunk; 
dispirited. Shakspeare. 

CRE'STLESS, krest'-les. a. Not dignified with coat- 
armour. Slwkspeare. 

CRETA'CEOUS § kre-ta'-shfis. a. [creta, Lat.] 
Having the qualities of chalk. Grew. Abounding 
with chalk. Phillips. 

CRETA'TED, kre'-ta-ted. a. Rubbed with chalk. 
Diet. 

CRE'TICK*, kre'-tik. n. s. [/c^™^.] A foot used 
in Greek and Latin poetry, consisting of a short 
syllable between two iong. "Bentley. 

CEE'VICE $, krev'-k 140. n. s. [crevis, old Fr.). A 
crack ; a cleft. Spectator. 

ToCRE'VICE, krev'-k v. a. To crack; to flaw. 
Woiton. 

CRE'VISSE*, ( krev'-k n.s. Cray-fish. S/mY/i. 

CREW §, krob. 339. 77.5. [cjiuS, Sax.] A company 
of people associated for any purpose. Spenser. The 
company of a ship. Dryden. 

CREW, kr66. The preterit of crow. 

CRE'WEL, kroo'-il. 99. n. s. [klewel, Dutch.] Yarn 
twisted and wound on a knot or ball. Burton. 

CRIB §, krib. n. s. [cpybb, Sax.] The rack or man- 
ger of a stable. Shak. The stall or cabin of an 
ox. Prov. A small habitation ; a cottage. Sliak. 

To CRIB, krib. v. a. To confine ; to cage. Slunk. 

CRI'BBAGE, krib'-bidje. 90. n. s. A game at cards 
John Hall. > 

CRI'BBLE§, krib'-bl. n.s. [crible, old Fr.] Acorn 
sieve. Diet. Coarse meal, a degree better than bran. 

CRFBBLE Bread*. Bread made of coarse meal. 
Huloet. 

To CRFBBLE*, krib'-bl. v. a. To sift or cribble 
through a sieve. Lyttelton. 

CRIBRA'TION, krl-bra'-sh&n. 123. n. s. [cribro, 
Lat.] The act of sifting or separating by a sieve. 

CRICK, krlk. n. s. [cricco, Ital.] The noise of a door. 
A painful stiffness in the neck. L' Estrange. 

CRFCKET, krik'-kit. 99. n.s. [krelcel, Dutch.] An 
insect that squeaks or chirps about ovens and fire- 
places. Shak. A sport at 'which the contenders 
drive a ball with sticks. Pope. A low seat or stool. 

CRFCKETING Apple, n. s. A small species of 

CR^ER, kri'-Qr. 98. n.s. [crieur, old Fr.] The of- 
ficer whose business is to cry or make proclama- 
tion. Ecclus. 

CRIME §, krlme. n. e. [crimen, Lat.] An act con- 
trary to right ; an offence ; a great fault ; an act 
of wickedness. Spenser. Reproach : a Latinism. 
Milton, 



Enormously ; 



CRI'MEFUL, krlme'-ful. a. Wicked. Faulty in a 
high degree. Slwkspeare. 

CRIMELESS, krlme'-l£s. a. Innocent; without 
crime. Slwkspeare. 

CRFMINAL, krim'-e-nal. 88. a. Faulty; contrary 
to right ; contrary to law. Spenser. Guilty ; taint- 
ed with crime. Rogers. Not civil : as, a criminal 
prosecution. Blackstone. 

CRFMINAL, krim'-e-nal. ?i. s. A man accused. Dry- 
den. A man guilty of a crime. Bacon. 

CRIMINA'LITY*, krim-e-nal'-e-te.M.s. A criminal 
action, case, or cause. Bp. Watson. 

CRFMINALLY, krim'-e-nal-le. ad. Wickedly ; guilt 
ily. Rogers. 

CRFMINALNESS, krim'-e-nal-nes. n. s. Guiltiness. 

To CRFMINATE* krim'-e-nile. v. a. To accuse : 
to charge with crime. Ld. North. 

CRIMINATION, krim-e-na'-shun. n.s. Accusation; 
charge. Bp. Hall. 

CRIMINATORY, krim'-e-na-tfir-re. 512. a. Ac- 
cusing ; censorious. 

CRFMINOUS, krim'-e-nus. a. Wicked; iniquitous; 
enormously guilty. Bp. Hall. 

CRFMINOUSLY, krim'-e-nfis-le. ad. 
very wickedly. Hammond. 

CRFMINOUSNESS,krim'-e-nus-nes. n. s. Wicked- 
ness; guilt; crime. King Charles. 

CRFMdSIN, krlm'-zn. a. [cremosino, Ital.] A spe- 
cies of red colour tinged with blue. Spenser. Com- 
monly written crimson. 

CRIMP §, krimp. a. [acpymman, Sax.] Friable; 
brittle; easily crumbled. Phillips. Not consistent ; 
not forcible. Arbuthnot. 

CRIMP*, krimp. n. s. A game at cards formerly. B. 
Jonson. One who decoys others into military ser- 
vice : a low word. 

To CRIMP*, krimp. v. a. [^e-cpympfc, Sax.] To 
curl or crisp the hair. 

To CRI'MPLE, krim'-pl. 405. v. a. [krimpen, Teut.] 
To contract; to corrugate. Wisenw.it. 

CRFMSON§, krim'-zn. 170. n.s. [cremosino, Ital.] 
Red, somewhat darkened with blue. Boyle. Red in 
general. Shakspeare. 

CRI'MSON*, krim'-zn. a. Red, somewhat darkened 

with blue. Prior. Red, in general. Shakspeare. 
To CRFMSQN, krim'-zn. v. a. To dye with crimson. 
Shakspeare. 

CRFNCUM, kringk'-om. n. s. A cramp ; a contrac 
tion; whimsy. Hudibras. 

CRINGE, krinje. n. s. Bow ; servile civility. Howell. 
To CRINGE §, krinje. v. a. [kriechen, German.] To 

draw together; to contract. Slwkspeare. 
lb CRINGE, krinje. v. n. To bow; to fawn; to 
flatter. Bp. Hall. 

CRFNGER*, krin'-jar. n. s. One who is always bow- 
ing for some mean purpose ; a flatterer. 

CRlNFGEROUS, krl-nid'-je-rus. 123. a. [criniger, 
Lat.l Hairy; overgrown with hair. Diet. 

CRFNITE*, kri'-nite. 140, 154. a. [crinitus, Lat.] 

Having the appearance of hair. Fairfax. 
To CRI'NKLE $ ; kriug / -kl.«.n. [krinckelen, Dutch.] 

To go in and out; to run in flexures. King. 
To CRFNKLE, kring'-kl. v. a. To mould into ine- 
qualities. Skelton. 

CRFNKLE, kring'-kl. n.s. A wrinkle; a sinuosity 
Search. 

CRFNOSE§, krl-n6se'. a. [crinis, Lat.] Hairy. Diet. 

CRINO'SITY. krl-n&s'-e-te. n. s. Hairiness. Diet. 

CRFPPLE $, krip'-pl. 405. n. s. [cjiypel, Sax.] A 
lame man. Shakspeare. 

CRFPPLE*, krip'-pl. a. Lame. Shakspeare. 

To CRFPPLE, krip'-pl. v. a. To lame; to make 

lame. Slwkspeare. 
CRFPPLENESS, krip'-pl-n^s. n. s. Lameness. Diet. 
CRI'SIS, krl'-sk n. s. [>cp<<rts.] The point in which 
the disease kills, or changes to the better. Dryden. 
The point of time at which any affair comes to the 
height. Dryden. 
CRISP §, krisp. a. [cpi^p, Sax.] Curled. Bacon. 
Indented ; winding. Shak. Brittle ; friable. Ba- 
con. Short; brisk. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To CRISP, krisp. v. a. To curl ; to contract into 
250 



CRC 



CRO 



—no, mdve, nflr, not ;— ti'ibe, tab, ball ;— 6?1 ;— p5und y—thm, this. 



knots or curls. SlwJc. To twist; to curl. Milton. 
To indent; to make to wave. Milton. 

To CRISP*, krfsp. v. n. To curl. Sir T. Herbert. 

CRISPATIOiN, kris-pi'-sh&n. n.s. The act of curl- 
ing'. TlUe state of being" curled. Bacon. 

CRFSPIWG-1RON*, kris'-tflnff-l'-ftra. ».•*. A curl- 
in»- iron. Beaumont and b /etcher. 

CRI'SPING-PIN, krls'-ping-pm. n. s. A curling iron. 
Isaiah. 

CRISPFSULCANT, kr?s-pe-s&l'-kant. a. [crispisul- 
caus, Lat.] Waved, or undulating; as lightning is 
represented. Diet. 

CRl'SPNESS, krfsp'-nes. n. s. Curledness. 

CRPSPY, kris'-pe. a. Curled. Shakspeare. 

CRISS-CROSS-ROW*, kris-kr6s-r6. n. s. Alpha- 
bet ; beginning. Southenie. 

CRITE'RION, krl-te'-re-an. 123. n. s. [/cpinjpiov: 
plural criteria.'] A mark by which any thing is judg- 
ed of with regard to its goodness or badness. Donne. 

CRITICKf, krit'-Ik. n.s. [ K piTtKdg.] A man skilled 
in the art of judging of literature ; able to distinguish 
the faults and beauties of writing. Locke. An ex- 
aminer; a judge. Pqpe. A snarler ■; a carper. 
Pope. A eensurer; a man apt to find fault. Shale. 

CRI'TICK, krit'-ik. a. Critical; relating to criticism. 
Pope. 

CRI'TICK, n. s. See Critique. 

To CRI'TICK, krit'-ik. ». n. To play the critick ; to 
criticise. Brewer. 

CRITICAL, krit'-e-kai. a. Exact; nicely judicious. 
Holder. Relating to criticism. Captious; censo- 
rious. Shale. Comprising the time -at which a 
great event is determined. Brown. Decisive; 
nice. Sprat. Producing a crisis or change of the 
disease ; as, a critical sweat. 

CRITICALLY, krft'-e-kal-e. ad. In a critical man- 
ner; exactly. Dryden. At the exact point of time. 

CRI'TICALNESS, krfr'-e-kal-ngs. n.s. Exactness; 
accuracy ; nicety. 

To CRI'TICISE, krft'-e-slze. 153. v. n. To play the 
critick; to judge. Dryden. To animadvert upon 
as faulty. Locke. 

To CRI'TICISE, krlt'-e-slze. v. a. To censure. Ad- 
dison. 

CRFTICISER*, krit'-e-sl-z&r. n. s. One who makes 
or writes remarks. Blackwall. 

CRITICISM, krft'-e-slzm. n. s. A standard of judging 
well. Dryden. Remark; animadversion. Addison. 

CRITI'QUE, kre-teek'. n. s. [Fr.] A critical exami- 
nation; critical remarks. Dryden. Science of criti- 
cism. Locke. — This word is now generally so writ- 
ten to distinguish it from critick, the person ; though, 
so lately as when Pope wrote, no distinction of the 
spelling or accent obtained. Todd. 

To CROAK §, kroke. v. n. [cjiacettan, Sax.] To 
make a hoarse, low noise, like a frog. May. To 
caw or cry as a raven or crow. Shak. To make 
any disagreeable or offensive murmur. Locke. 

CROAK, kroke. n. s. The cry of a frog or raven. 
Dryden. 

CROAKER*, kr6'-kur. n. s. One who is perpetual- 
ly descanting on dangers and difficulties, and 
making unfair comparisons of the present with the 
past. 

CROATS*, krols. n. s. Irregular troops, formed of 
natives of Croatia. Guthrie. 

CRO'CEOUS, kr6'-she-as. 357. a. [croceus, Lat.] 
Consisting of saffron; like saffron. Diet. 

CROCITA'TION, kr6-se-uV-shun. n.s. [crocitatio, 
Lat.] The croaking of frogs or ravens. Diet. 

CROCK §, kr6k. n.s. [cpocca, Sax.] A cup; any 
vessel made of earth. Spenser. A little stool. Tat- 
ler. The black or soot of a pot or kettle. Raij. 
CRO'CKERY, krok'-ur-e. 555. n.s. Earthenware. 
CRO'CODILE§, kr&k'-o-dll. 145. n. s. \k^6ko% and 
<5EtXwi>.] An amphibious, voracious animal, found in 
Egypt and the Indies. Calmet. A little animal, 
otherwise called stinx. Trevoux. 

$CT Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, 
and Perry, make the i in the last syllable short, as I 
have done ; and Buchanan is the only one who makes 
it long. W. 



CRO'CUS, kro'-kfls. n. s. [crocus, Lat.] A flower 

Thomson. 
CROFT, kr&ft. n. s. [cjiopfc, Sax.] A little close 

joining to a house, used for corn or pasture. Milton. 
CkOISA'DE, kroe-sude'. (n.s. [croisade, Fr.] A 
CROISA'DO, kr6e-sa'-d6. $ holy war ; a war car- 
ried on against infidels under the banner of the cross. 

Bacon. 
CROl'SES, krde'-se'z. n. s. Pilgrims who carry a 

cross. Soldiers who fight under the banner of the 

cross. Bvrke. 
CRO'MLECHE*. [carem-luach, Heb.] Huge, broad, 

flat stones, raised upon other stones set up on end 

for that purpose, and supposed to be the remains 

of altars. Rowland. 
CRONE, kr6ue. n. s. [cpone, Sax.] An old ewe. 

Tusser. In contempt, an old woman. Shak. 
CRO'NET,kr6'-n£t. n. s. The hair which grows over 

the top of a horse's hoof. 

CrSwYCAL* ( kron'-e-kal. See Acronycal. 
CRO'NY, kr6'-ne. n. s. An old acquaintance; a com- 
panion of long standing. Hudibras. 
CROOK §, kroOk. [kruk, Perry and Jones.] n s. \crok, 

Celt.] Any crooked or bent instrument. A sheep- 

hook. Cowley. Any thing bent; a meander. Sidney. 

An artifice ; a trick. Cranmer. A gibbet. Spenser 
To CROOK, krook. v. a. To bend; to turn into a 

hook. Shak. To bend, figuratively; to thwart. Bp. 

Fisher. To pervert from rectitude. Bacon. 
To CROOK, krook. v. n. To be bent. Camden. 
CRO'OKBACK, kroSk'-bak. n. s. A man that has 

gibbous shoulders. Shakspeare. 
CRO'OKBACKED, kr66k'-bakt. 359. a. Having 

bent shoulders. Dryden. 
CROOK-KNEED*, kr66k'-need. a. Having crooked 

knees. Shakspeare. 
CROOK-SHOULDERED*, kr55k-sh6le -durd. a 

Having bent shoulders. South. 
CROO'KED, kr66k'-ed. 366. a. Bent; not straight. 

Newton. Winding; oblique. Locke. Perverse ; 

untoward; without rectitude of mind. Deut. 
CROO'KEDLY, krc6k'-§d-le. ad. Not in a straight 

line. Uhtowardly ; not compliantly. Bp. Taylor. 
CROO'KEDNESS, kr66k'-(kl-n§s. n. s. Deviation 

from straightness; curvity. Hooker. Deformity of a 

gibbous body. Bp. Taylor. Lewdness; depravi- 
ty ; perverseness. Barret. 
To CROO'KEN*, krook' -kn. v. a. To make crooked. 

Homilies. 
CROP§, krop. n.s. [cpop, Sax.] The craw of a bird. 

Ray. 
CRO'PFUL, krop'-ful. a. Satiated; with a full belly. 

Milton. 
CROP-SICK, krop'-slk. a. Sick with repletion. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CROP-SICKNESS*, kr&p'-sik-nfe. «• *■ Sickness 

arising from repletion. Whitlock. 
CROP §, krop. n. s. [cpopp, Sax.] The highest pari 

or end of any thing. Chaucer. The harvest; the 

corn gathered off a field. Spenser. Any thing cut 

off. Dryden. 
To CROP, krop. v. a. To cut off' the ends of an) 

thing ; to mow ; to reap. Shak. To gather before 

it falls. Milton. 
To CROP, krop. v. re. To yield harvest. Shakspeare 
CROP-EAR*, krop'-eer. n. s. A horse having his 

ears cropped. Shakspeare. 
CROP-EARED*, krop'-eerd. a. Having the ears 

cropped. B. Jonson. 
CRO'PPER, krop'-pfir. n. s. A kind of pigeon with 

a large crop. Walton. 
CRO'SIER, kr6'-zhe-er. 451, 453. n. s. [crovser, 

Fr.] The pastoral staff' of a bishop, which has a 

cross upon it. Bacon. 
CRO'SLET, kros'-let. 99. n. s. [croisselet, Fr.] A 

small cross. Spenser. A crucible. Chaucer. 
CROSS §,kros.7<.s. [croes, Welsh.] One straight body 

laid at right angles over another ; the instrument 

by which the Saviour of the world suffered death 

Bacon. The ensign of the Christian religion 

Spenser. A monument with a cross upon it to ex« 
251 



CRO 



CRO 



dF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— 



cite devotion ; such as were anciently set in mar- 
ket-places. SlwJc. A line drawn through another. 
Hudibras. Any thing that thwarts; hinderance 5 
vexation ; opposition ; trial of patience. Sidney. 
Money so called, because marked with a cross. 
Howell. — Cross and Pile: a play With money. 
Hudibras. Church lands in Ireland. Sir J. Da- 
vies. 
CROSS, kr6s. a. Transverse. Newton. Oblique 5 
lateral. Shale. Adverse; opposite. Dryden'. Per- 
verse; untractable. South. Peevish; fretful. Tay- 
lor. Contrary ; contradictory. South. Contrary to 
wish; unfortunate. South. Interchanged. Sid- 
ney. 
CROSS, kros. prep. Athwart; transversely. Knolles. 

Over ; from side to side. Shakspeare. 
To CROSS, kros. v. a. To lay one body, or draw 
one line, athwart another. Hudibras. To sign 
with the cross. Dry den. To cancel : as, to cross 
an article. To pass over. Temple. To move lat- 
erally, obliquely, or athwart. Spenser. To thwart ; 
to embarrass ; to obstruct ; to hinder. Hooker. To 
counteract; to be inconsistent with. Locke. To 
contravene; to hinder by authority; to counter- 
mand. Spe?i<ier. To contradict. Hooker. To de- 
bar; to preclude. Slutkspeare. 
To CROSS, kr6s. v. n. To lie athwart another thing. 

To be inconsistent. S'ulney. 
CROSS-BAR-SHOT, kros'-bar-shot. re. s. A round 

shot, with a bar of iron put through it. Harris. 
CROSS-BILL*, kros'-bil. re. 5. A bill brought by a 

defendant against the plaintiff. 
To CROSS-EXAMINE, krSs'-egz-am'-in. v. a. To 
try the faith of evidence by captious questions of 
the Contrary party. Decay of Pietv . 
CROSS-EXAMINATION*, kros'-egz-am-m-a'- 
shun. n. s. The act of nicely examining, by ques- 
tions apparently captious, the faith of evidence in 
a court of justice. 
CROSS-STAFF, kr6s'-staf. n. s. An instrument 
used by seamen to take the meridian altitude of the 
sun or stars. 
CRO'SS-ARMED*, kros'-arm'd. a. Having the arms 

folded across; melancholy. Donne. 
CRO'SSARROW*, kros'-ar-ro. n. s. An arrow of a 

crossbow. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CRO'SS^JARRED*, kros'-bard. a. Secured by 

transverse bars. Milton. 
CRO'SSBILL*, kros'-bil. n. s. A small bird, so 
called from its beak, which has the points crossing 
one another. 
CRO'SSBITE, kros'-blte. n. s. A deception; a cheat. 

L' Estrange. 
To CRO/SSBITE, kros'-blte. v. a. To contravene by 

deception. Collier. 
CRO'SSBOW; kros'-b6. n. s. A missive weapon 
formed by placing a bow athwart a stock. Carew. 
CRO'SSBOWER, kros^-ur. n. s. A shooter with 

a cross-bow. Raleigh. 
CROSSBU'N*, kros-bun'. n. s. A cake marked with 

the form of the cross. 
To CROSSCUT* kr&s-kfit'. v. a. To cut across. 

Robinson. 
To CROSSFLO'W*, kros-nW. v. n. To flow in a 

contrary direction. Milton. 
CRO SSGRAINED, kros-grand'. 359. a. Having 
the fibres transverse or irregular. Moxon. Per- 
verse ; troublesome ; vexatious. Hudibras. 
CROSSLE'GGED*, krds-legcV. a. Having the legs 

crossed. Sir T. Herbert. 
CROSSING*, kros'-s'mg. n. s. The act of signing 
with the cross. Bp. Hall. Opposition. Shaksreare. 
CRO'SSLET*. See Croslet. 
CRO'SSLY, kros'-le. ad. Athwart; so as to. intersect 
something else. Oppositely; adversely. Sliak. 
Unfortunately. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CROSSNESS, kros'-nes. re. .« Transvorseness ; in- 
tersection. Perverseness ; peevishness. Bacon. 
CROSSPU'RPOSE*, krtV-pur'-pos. re. s. A conceit 
of conversation, proposing a difficulty to be solved; 
a kind of enigma or riddle. Wlialley. A contra- 
dictory system. Shaftesbury. 



To CROSSQU'ESTION*, kros'-kwes'-tshfin. v. a. 

To cross-examine. Killingbeck. 
CRO'SSROAD*, kr6s / -r6de. re.*. A road across the 

country; not the direct high-road. Guthrie. 
CRO'SSROW, krds-r6 / . n. s. Alphabet : so named 
because a cross is placed at the beginning to show 
that the end of learning is piety. Shakspeare. 
CRO'SSWAY, kros'-wa. re. s. A small obscure path 
intersecting the chief road; or the place, where 
one road intersects another. Obadiah. 
CRO'SSWIND, kros'-wind. [See Wind.] re. * 

Wind blowing from the right or left. Boyle. 
CRO'SSWORT, kr&s'-wurt. 166. re. s. A plant 

Miller. 
CROTCH, krotsh. re. s. [croc, Fr.] A hook or fork 

Bacon. 
CROTCHET, kr6tsh'-&. 99. re. s. [crochet, Fr.] 
[In musick.] One of the notes or characters of 
time, equal to hah a minim. Chambers. A piece 
of wood fitted into another to support a building. 
Dry den. [In printing.] Hooks in which words 
are included [thus]. A perverse conceit ; an odd 
fancv. Burton. 
To CROTCHET*, krotsh'-Ct. v. n. To play in a 

measured time of musick. Donne. 
CRO'TCHETED*, kr6tsh'-el-ed. part. a. Distin- 
guished bv musical notation. Harmar. 
To CROUCH §, kr6utsh. 313. v.n. [kriechen, Germ.] 
To stoop low ; to lie close to the ground. Beau- 
mont arid Fletcher. To fawn ; to bend servilely. 
1 Samuel. 
To CROUCH*, krSutsh. v. a. [cjiuce, SaxJ To sign 

with the cross ; to bless. Clumcer. Ob. T. 
CROUCH-BACK*. See Crook-back. 
CROUCHED Friars*, re. s. An order of friars so 

called from the cross which they wore. Fuller. 
CROUD*. See Crowd. 
CRGUP§, kroop. 315. re. s. [croupe, FrJ The rump 

of a fowl. The buttocks of a horse. Chaucer. 
CROUP*, kr66p. n.s. A kind of asthma or catarrh, 

to which children are subject. 
CROUP A'DES, kr6S-padz'. re. s. Higher leaps than 

those of curvets. Farrier's Diet. 
CROWS, kro. 324. re. 5. [cpap, Sax.] A large black 
bird that feeds upon the carcasses of beasts. Shak. 
To pluck a crow, is to be contentious about that 
which is of no value. U Estrange. A bar of iron 
used as a lever to force open doors. Shak. The 
voice of a cock. 
To CROW, kr6. v. re. preterit, I crew, or crowed; I 
have crowed. To make the noise which a cock 
makes in gayety, or defiance. S)u.k. To boast ; 
to bullv ; to bluster. Bp. Hall. 
CROWD §, krSud. 323. re. s. [cpuo\ Sax.] A mul- 
titude confusedly pressed together. A promiscuous 
medley, without order or distinction. Pope. The 
vulgar; the populace. Dryden. [Crwth, Welsh.] 
A fiddle. Wicliffe.. 
To CROWD, kr6ud. v. a. To fill with confused mul- 
titudes. Watts. To press close together. Shak. 
To encumber by multitudes. Granville. — To crowd 
sail. To spread wide the sails upon the yards. 
To CROWD, kroud. v.n. To swarm; to be nume- 
rous. Dryden. To thrust among a multitude 
Cowley. 
To CROWD*, kr6ud. v. re. To fiddle. Massinger. 
CROAVDER, krSu'-d&r. re. s. A fiddler. Sidney. 
CRO WFLOWER*, kr^-flou-ur. re. s. A kind of 

campion. Shakspeare. 
CRO'WFOOT, kro'-fiit. n.s. A flower. Croxall. 
CROWFOOT, krd'-fflt. re. s. A caltrop. Military 

Diet. 
CRO'WKEEPER, kro'-kee-ptir. re. s. A scarecrow, 

Shakspeare. 
CROWN §, krSun. 323. re. s. [corona, Lat.J The or- 
nament of the head which denotes imperial and re- 
gal dignity. Shak. A garland. Ecclus. Reward ; 
honorary distinction. 1 Corinthians. Regal pow- 
er ; royalty. Locke. The top of the head. Shak. 
The top of any thing ; as, of a mountain. Sliak. 
Part of* the hat that covers the head. Slwrp. A 
piece of money anciently stamped with a crown 
252 



CRU 



CRU 



— nA, mfive, nor. not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — oil ; — pound j — thin, THis. 



:ii vahie five shillings. Bacon. Honour; ornament 

dignity. Ecclus. Completion; accomplishment. 

CROWiV-DIPERlAL, kroun-im-pc ■-re-ill. n.s. A 

plant. Sha/cspeare. 
To CROWN, kr6u.11. v. a. To invest with the. crown 
Sunk. To cover as with a crown. Dryden. To 
dignify ; to adorn ; to make illustrious. Psalm. To 
reward ; to recompense. Roscommon. To complete ; 
to perfect. Smith. To terminate ; to finish Dryd. 
CRO WNER*, kro&n'-Cir. n. s. A pcrfecter. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
CRO'WNET, kroun'-et. The same with coronet, 

which see. Chief end; last purpose. 
CRCAVNGLASS, kroun'-glas. n. s. The finest sort 

of window-glass. 
CROWNING*, krdan'-tog. n. s. [In architecture.] 

That which finishes or crowns any decoration. 
CRO'WNPOST, krotW-post. /*. s. A post which, 
hi building, stands upright in the middle, between 
two principal rafters. 
CRO'WNSCAB, krfiiin'-skab.n.*. A stinking, filthy 
scab, round about the corners of a horse's hoof. 
Fan-ier's Dirt. 
CROWN-THISTLE, kroun'-i/uV-sl. n.s. A flower. 
CRO'WNWHEEL, krdun'-hwele. n, s. The upper 

wheel of a watch, next the balance. 
CROWNWORKS, kroiV-w&rks. n. s. Bulwarks 
advanced towards the field to gain some hill or 
rising ground. Harris. \ 

CROWS-FEET*, kroze'-feet. n. s. The wrinkles 
under the eves, which are the effect of age. Cliaucer. 
CRO'WTOE, kro'-to. n.s. A plant. Milton. 
CRO'YLSTONE, ki^n'-stone. n.s. Crystallized 

cauk. Woodward. 
CRUSHED, or CRUNCHED Friars* See 

Crouched, 
CRU'CIAL, kr66'-she-a!. 357. a. [crux, crucis, Lat.] 

Transverse ; intersecting one another. Sliarp. 
To CRIPCIATE §, kr66'-she-ate. v. a. [crucio, Lat.] 

To torture ; to torment ; to excruciate. Bale. 
CRU'CIATE*, krftfi'-she-ate. a. Tormented. Bale. 
CRUCIA'TION* k^-she-a'-shun. n.s. Torture. 

Bp. Hall. 
CRU'CIBLE, krod'-se-bl. n. s. [crucibukm, low Lat.] 
A chymist's melting pot, formerly marked with a 
cross. Peacliam. 
CRUCIFEROUS, kr66-s?f-e-rus. a. Bearing the 

cross. Diet. 
CRU'CIFIER, kroo'-se-fl-ur. n. s. He that inflicts 

the punishment of crucifixion. Hammond. 
CRU'CIFLX, krSo'-se-fiks. n.s. [crucijixus, Lat.] A 
representation in picture of our Lord's passion. 
Addismi. The cross of Christ; figuiatively, the 
religion of Christ. Bp. Taylor. 
CRUCIFFXION, kr6o-se-f?k'-shun. n. s. The pun- 
ishment of nailing to a cross. Addison. 
CRU'CIFORM, kr66'-se-fSrm. a. Having the form 

of a cross. Warton. 
To CRU'CIFY §, kroo'-se-fl. 183. v a. [crucifigo, Lat.] 
To put to death by nailing the hands and feet to a 
cross set upright. Hebrews. To torment; to vex. 
Burton,. 
CRUCFGEROUS, kroo-sldje'-e-rus. a. [cruciger, 

Lat.] Bearing the cross. 
CRUD$. See Curd. 

CRUDE §, kr66d. 339. a. [crudus, Lat.] Raw; not 
subdued by fire. Not changed by any process. 
Boyle. Harsh; unripe. Bacmi. Not well digest- 
ed in the stomach. Bacmi. Unfinished ; immature. 
Milton. Having indigested notions. Milton. Indi- 
gested. B. Jonson. 
CRU'DELY, kroSdMe. ad. Unrinely; without due 

preparation. Dry den. 
CRU'DENESS, krSSd'-nes. n. s. Unripeness. Chil- 

lingworth. 
CRU'DITY, kro6'-de-te. n. s. [cniditas, Lat.] Jndi- 

festion; inconcoction. Brown. Unripeness. In- 
igested notion. Walerland. 
To CRU'DLE, krd^^dl. v. a. To coagulate; to con- 
geal. Spenser. 
CRU'DY, krSiV-de. a. Concreted ; coagulated. Spen- 
ser Raw; chill. Shakspeare. 



CRU'EL $, kroO'-ll. 339, 99. a. [awl, Fr.] Inhuman ; 
hardhearted ; void of pity. Je?: Bloody ; mis 
chievous; destructive. Psalm. 
CRUELLY, krM'-il-le. ad. In a cruel manner. 
South. Painfully; mischievously. Spenser. Ex 
tremely. Goodman. 
CRU'ELNESS, krooMl-nes. n. s. Inhumanity; cru 

elty. Spenser. Destructiveness. Ld. Surrey. 
CRU'ELTY, kroa'-'il-te. n. s. Inhumanity ; savage 
ness; barbarity. Shak. Act of intentional affile 
tion. Temple. 
CRU'ENTATE, kroO'-en-tate. 91. a. [cruentatus, 

Lat.] Smeared with blood. Glanvilk. 
CRU'ET, kroo'-it. 99. n. s. [cruchette, Fr.] A vial 

for vinegar or oil, with a stopple. Swift. 
CRUISE, krflfls. 339. n. s. [kruicke, Dutch.] A "Small 

cup. 1 Kings. 
CRUISE §, kr6oz. n. s. [croise, Fr.] A voyage in 

search of plunder. 
To CRUISE, kr66z. 441. v. n. To rove over the sea 
in search of plunder, or without any certain course. 
CRUISER,- kr66'-zur, n. s. One that roves upon 
the sea in search of plunder. Wiseman. A ship 
employed in sailing to and fro for the protection of 
merchant-ships. 
CRUM§, or CRUMB §, kmm. n.s. [cpuma, Sax.1 
The soft part of bread ; not the crust. Bacmi. A 
small particle or fragment of bread. Thomson. 
To CRUM*, krum. v. a. To break into small pieces. 

Barret. 
To CRUCIBLE, krum'-bl. 405. v. a. To break into 

small pieces. Herbert. 
To CRU'MBLE, krfim'-bl. v.n. To fall into small 

pieces. Shakspeare. 
CRU'MENAL> krum'-e-naM. n. s. [crumena, Lat.] A 

purse. Spenser. 
CRU'MMABLE*, krum'-ma-bl. a. Capable of being 

broken into small pieces. 
CRU'MMY, krunV-me. a. Soft. 
CRUMP §, krump. a. [cpump, Sax.] Crooked. Bp. 

Taylor. 
CRUMP-SHOULDERED, krurnp-shile'-durd. a. 

Having crooked shoulders. L' 'Estrange. 
CRU'MPET* ; krum / -pet.«.s. [cjiompehfc, Sax,] A 

soft cake. 
To CRU'MPLE, krum'-pl. v. a. [rumple, Dutch.] 

To draw into wrinkles. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To CRU'MPLE*, krum'-pl. v. n. To shrink up; to 

contract. Smith. 
CRU'MPLING, krump 7 -ling. n. s. A small, degen- 
erate apple. 
To CRUNK, ki-uuk. )v.n. To cry like a 

To CRU'NKLE, krimg'-kl. S crane. Diet. 
CRU'OR* kruS'-ur. n. s. [Lat.] Gore ; coagulated 

blood. Greenhill. 
CRUP*, krfip. n. s. The buttocks. 
CRUP* krup. a. Short ; brittle. 
CRUTPER, krup'-pur. 98. n. s. [croupe, Fr.] That 
part of the horseman's furnuure that reaches from 
the saddle to the tail. Sidney. 
CRU'RAL, krSo'-ral. a. [crural, Fr.] Belonging to 

the leg. Arbuthnol. 
CRUSA'DE, kroo-sade'. )n.s. An expedition 
CRUSA'DO, kr63-sa'-d6. S against the infidels. 

Shenstone. A coin stamped with a cross. Shak. 
CRUSATJER* kr56-sa'-dur. n. s. One employed in 

a crusade. Robertson. 
CRUSE. See Cruise. 
CRU'SET, kroo'-slt. 99. n. s. A goldsmith's melting 

pot. Phillips. 
To CRUSH §, krush. v. a. [ecraser, Fr.] To press 
between two opposite bodies; to squeeze. Num. 
To press with violence. Shak. To overwhelm; 
to beat down. Slunk. To subdue ; to conquer be- 
yond resistance. Spenser. 
To CRUSH a Cup. To empty a cup ; to drink to- 
gether. Shakspeare. 
To CRUSH, krfish. v. n. To be condensed. 
CRUSH, krush. n. s. A collision ; the act of rushing 

together. Addison. 
CRU'SHER*, krfish'-fir. n. s. A violent breaker. 
CRUSTS, kr&st. n. s. [crusta, Lat.] Any shell or ex 
253 



CRY 



cue 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



ternal coat. Addison. An incrustation ; collection 
of matter into a hard body. Addison. The case of 
a pie made of meal, and baked. Addison. The 
outer hard part of bread. Dryden. A waste piece 
of bread. Dryden. 
To CRUST, kr&st. v. a. To envelope ; to cover with 
a hard case. Dryden. To foul with concretions. 
Swift. 
To CRUST, krust. v.n. To gather or contract a 

crust. Temple. 
CRUSTA'CEOUS, krds-ta'-shus. 357. a. Shelly, 
with joints ; not testaceous 5 not with one continued, 
uninterrupted shell. Woodward. 
CRUSTA'CEOUSNESS, kr&s-ta'-shfis-nes. n. s. 

The auality of having- jointed shells. 
CRUST A'TION*, krus-ta'-shfin. n. s. An adherent 

covering ; an incrustation. Pegge. 
CRUSTILY, kr&s'-te-le. ad. Peevishly 5 snappishly. 
CRUSTINESS, krfis'-te-nes. n.s. The quality of a 

crust. Peevishness; moroseness. 
CRUSTY, kms'-te. a. Covered with a crust. Dr. 

Favour. Sturdy ; morose ; snappish. Preston. 
CRUTCH §, krutsh. n. s. [crucke, Germ.] A support 
used by cripples. Shale. It is used tor old age. 
• SlwJcspeare. 
To CRUTCH, krutsh. v. a. To support on crutches 

as a cripple. Dryden. 
CRUX*, kruks. n. s. [Lat.] Figuratively, any thing 

that vexes or puzzles. Dr. Sheridan. 
CRUZA'DO*. See Crusado. 
To CRY §, krl. v. n. [crier , Fr.] To speak with ve- 
hemence. Sliak. To call importunately. Jonah. To 
talk eagerly or incessantly. Exod. To proclaim 5 
to make publick. Jer. To exclaim. Shak. To 
utter lamentations. Shak. To squall, as an infant. 
Denlmm. To weep. Donne. To utter an inarticu- 
late voice, as an animal. Psalm. To yelp, as a 
hound on a scent. Shak. To proclaim as a hawk- 
er. Beaumont and Fletcher. To call for vengeance 
or punishment. St. James. 
To CRY, krl. v. a. To proclaim publickly something 

lost or found. Crashaw. 
To CRY down, krl-d6un'. v. a: To blame ; to depre- 
ciate. "Watts. To prohibit. Bacon. To overbear. 
Shakspeare. 
To CRY out, kri-6ut'. v. n. To exclaim; to scream. 
Job. To complain loudly. Atterbury. To blame ; 
to censure. Shak. To declare loud. To be in 
labour. Sliakspeare. 
To CRY up, krl-fip'. v. a. To applaud; to praise. 
Bacon. To raise the price by proclamation. Temple. 
CRY, krl. n, s. Lamentation; shriek; scream. Exo- 
dus. Weeping; mourning. Clamour; outcry. 
Dryden. Exclamation of triumph or wonder. 
Swift. Proclamation. The hawkers' proclama- 
tion of wares ; as, the cries of London. Acclama- 
tion ; popular favour. Sh/xkspeare. Voice ; utter- 
ance. Locke. Importunate call. Jeremiah. Yelp- 
ing of dogs. Waller. Yell; inarticulate noise. 
Zeph. A pack of dogs. Sliakspeare. 
CRY'AL, krl'-al. ft. 5. The heron. Ainsworth. 
CRY'ER. See Crier. 
CRY'ER, krl'-ur. 166. n. s. A kind of hawk called 

the falcon gentle. Ainsworth. 
CRYTNG#,kri'-mg, n.s. Importunate call, or outcry. 

Sir T. Elyot. 
CRYPT §*, kr?pt. n. s. [k^tt™.] A subterranean cell 
or cave ; especially under a church, for the inter- 
ment of particular persons; a subterranean orato- 
ry or chapel ; the grave of a martyr. 
CRY'PTICAL, krlp'-te-kal. ) a. Hidden ; secret. 
CRY'PTICK, krW-tlk. S Glanville. 
CRYPTICALLY, krlp'-te-kal-le. ad. Occultly, se- 
cretly. 
CRYPTO GAMY*, krfp-t&g'-a-me. n. s. frptfirra and 
ya/*oj.] [In botany.] Applied to a genus of plants 
whose fructification is concealed. Pennant. 
CRYPTOGRAPHY, krlp-t&g'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. 
[/cpn-o) and ypa0u.] The art of writing secret 
characters. Secret characters ; ciphers. 
CRYPTO'LOGY, kr?p-t&l'-l6-je. 413. n. s. [/cpv*™ 
and Atfyoy.l Enigmatical language. 



CRY'STAL §, krls'-tal. n.s. [/cp<rraAAos.] A hard 

pellucid, and naturally colourless body, of which 

there are various kinds. A factitious body, cast in 

the glass houses, called also crystal glass. Chamn 

Crystals [in chymistry] express salts shot or con 

gealed in manner of crystal. Bacon. 
CRY'STAL, krls'-tal. a. Consisting of crystal Shak 

Bright; transparent; pellucid. Dryden. 
CRYSTALLINE, kris'-tal-llne, or kriV-tal-lm. 143. 

149. a. Consisting of crystal. Slwk. Bright ; pel 

lucid; transparent. Bacon. 
CRYSTALLINE Humour, kr?s'-tal-llne, or krfs'-tal- 

lfn u-mfir. n. s. The second humour of the eye, that 

lies next to the aqueous, behind the uvea. Ray. 
CRYSTALLIZATION, kris-tal-le-za'-shun. n.s 

Congelation into crystals. Quincy. The mass 

formed by congelation or concretion. Woodward. 
To CRYSTALLIZE, kris'-tal-llze. v. a. To cause 

to congeal in crystals. Boyle. 
To CRYSTALLIZE, krls'-tal-llze. 159. v. n. To 

coagulate ; to congeal. Arbuthnot. 
CUB $, kub. n.s. The young of a beast; generally 

of a bear or fox. Shak. The young of a whale 

perhaps of any viviparous fish. Waller- In re 

proach, a young boy or girl. Shakspeare. 
CUB*, kfib. n. s. [cubo, Lat.] A stall for cattle. Con 

futation of N. Shaxton. 
To CUB, kub. v. n. To bring forth : used of beasts 

Dryden. 
To CUB*, kub. v. a. To shut up; to confine as in a 

cub. Burton. 
CUBA'TION, ku-ba'-shun. n. s. [cubatio, Lat.] The 

act of lying down. 
CU'BATORY, ku'-ba-t&r-e. 512. a. Recumbent. 

Diet. 
CU'BATURE, kiV-ba-tshi!ye. 461. n. s. The finding 

exactly the solid content of. any proposed body 

Harris. 
CUBE §, kube. n. s. [icvpos.] A regular, solid body, 

consisting of six square and equal faces or sides, 

and the angles all right, and therefore equal. 

Chambers. 
CUBE Root, kube'-r66t. ) n. s. The origin of a 

CU'BICK Root, ku'-blk-root. \ cubick number; or a 

number, by whose multiplication into itself, and 

again into the product, any given number is formed 
CU'BEB, ku'-beb. n. s. A small dried fruit resem 

bling pepper. Hill. 
CU'BICAL, ku'-be-kal. ) 509. a. Having the form 
CU'BICK, ku'-bk. $ or properties of a cube. 

Wilkins. ' 
CU'BICALLY*, ku'-be-kal-le. ad. In a cubical 

method. More. 
CU'BICALNESS, ku'-be-kal-nes. n. s. The state of 

being cubical. 
CUBI'CULAR*, ku-blk'-ku-lar. a. Belonging to the 

chamber. 
CUBI'CULARY, ku-blk'-ku-lar-e. a. [cubicularis, 

Lat.] Fitted for the posture of lying down. Brown. 
CU'BIFORM, ku'-be-form. a. Of the shapeof a cube. 
CU'BIT §, ku'-bn. n. s. [cubitus, Lat.] A measure in 

use among the ancients ; originally, the distance 

from the elbow, bending inwards, to the extremity 

of the middle finger. Calmet. 
CU'BITAL, ku'-be-tal. a. Containing only the length 

of a cubit. Brown. 
CU'BITED*, ku'-blt-ed. a. Having the measure of a 

cubit. Sheldon. 
CU'CKINGSTOOL, kuk'-mg-st66l. n. s. An engine 

invented for the punishment of scolds and unquiet 

women. Homilies. 
CU'CKOLDS, kuk'-kuld. 166. n. s. [com, Fr.] One 

that is married 10 an adulteress ; one whose wife is 

false to his bed. Shakspeare. 
To CU'CKOLD, kuk'-kuld. v. a. To corrupt a man's 

wife. Shak. To wrong a husband by unchastity. 

Dryden. 
CU'CKOLDLY. kfik'-kuld-le. a. Having the quali- 
ties of a cuckold; poor; mean; cowardly. Shak. 
CU'CKOLDMAKER, kuk'-kfild-ma'-kur. n. s. One 

that makes a practice of corrupting wives. Shak, 
CU'CKOLDOM, kuk'-kdl-dum. n.s. The act of 
254 



CUF 



CUL 



— n6, move, nor, not}— tube, tab, bull j — 6il 3 — pSfind ;— th\n, th\ 



adultery. Dnfden. The state of a cuckold. Arbidh- 
not. 

CU'CKOO$, Kun'-koo. 174. n.s. [cioccw, Welsh.] A 
bird which is said to suck the eggs of other birds, 
and lay her own to be hatched in their place. Sid' 
ney. A name of contempt. Shakspeare. 

CUCKOO-BUD, kuk'-koo-bfid. ) n. s. The 

CU'CKOO-FLOWER, kak'-kd6-fl6u-ar. \ name of 
a flower. Shakspeaiv. 

CUCKOO-SPITTLE, kuk'-k6o-spn-tl. n.s. A spu- 
mous dew or exudation, found upon certain plants. 
Broicn. 

CU'CQUEAN*, kak'-kween. n. s. [coquine, Fr.] A 
vile woman ; a prostitute. B. Jonson. 

CU'CULLATE, ku-kulMate. 91. ) a. [cucullatm, 

CU'CULLATED, ka-k&F-la-ted. \ Lat.] Hooded; 
covered as with a hood. Having the resemblance 
of a hood. Brown. 

CUCUMBER, kou'-kum-bfir. 159. [kflk'-Qm-bar, 
Jones : kiV-kum-bur, Webster.] n. s. [cucmnis, Lat.] 
The name of a plant, and of the fruit of that plant. 
Miller. 

$Cr In some counties of England, especially in the west, 
this word is pronounced as if written ccocumber ; this, 
though rather nearer to the orthography than cowcuvi- 
ber, is yet faulty, in adopting the obtuse u heard in bull, 
rather than the open u lieard in cucumis, the Latin 
word whence cucumber is derived : though, from the 
adoption of the 6, I should rather suppose we took it 
from the French concombre. But however this may be, 
it 9eems too firmly fixed in its sound of cowcumber to 
he altered, and must be classed with its irregular fellow 
esculent asparagus, which see. W. 

CUCURBIT A'CEOUS§, ku-kftr-be-ta'-shus. 3.57. a. 
[cucurbita, Lat.] Plants which resemble a gourd. 
Chambers. 
CU'CURBITE, ku'-k&r-blt. 156. n.s. A chymical 

vessel in the shape of a gourd. Quincij. 
CUCU'RBITIVE*, ku-kur'-be-tfv. a.Applied to small 

Hat worms of the shape of the seed of a gourd. 
CUD §, kud. n. s. [cub, Sax.] That food which is re- 
posited in the first stomach, in order to rumination. 
Sidneij. 
CU'DDEN, kud'-dn. ? 103. n. s. [kudde, Teut.l A 
CULJDY, kud'-de. \ clown ; a stupid rustick. Dry- 
den. 
To CU'DDLE, k&d'-dl. 405. v. n. [cuddio, Welsh.] 
to lie close; to squat. Prior. To join in an em- 
brace. 
CUDDY*, k&d'-de. n. s. The cole-fish. Johnson. 
CU'DGEL §, kud'-jll. 99. n. s. {kudse, Dutch.] A stick 
to strike with, lighter than a club, and shorter than 
a pole. Bacon. — To cross the cudgels, is to forbear 
the contest, from the practice of cudgel-players to 
lay one over the other. V Estrange. 
To CUTJGEL, kfid'-jll. w. a. To beat with a stick. 

Shakspeare. To beat in general. Sliukspeare. 
CU DGEL-PROOF, kfid'-jil-pro&f. a. Able to resist 

a stick. Hudibras. 
CU'DGELLER*, kud'-jel-lur. n. s. One who cudgels 

another. Milton. 
CU'DLE, k&d'-dl. n.s. A small sea-fish. Carew. 
CU'DWEED, kfid'-wede. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
CUE §, ku. n. s. [covce, old Fr.] The tail or end of any 
thing ; as, the long curl of a wig. The last words 
of a speech which the player who is to answer 
catches, and regards as intimation to begin. Shak. 
A hint; an intimation. Shak. The part which any 
man is to play in his turn. Shak. Humour ; tem- 
per of mind. A farthing, or a farthing's worth. 
Beaumont, and Fletcher. 
CUERPO, kwcr'-p6. n.s. [Spanish.] To be in 
cuerpo, is to be without the upper coat or cloak, so 
as to discover the true shape of the cuerpo or body. 
Hudibras. 
OUFF§, k&f. n. s. [kaupathian, Goth.] A blow with 
the fist ; a box. Slwtk. Any stroke or blow. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 
CUFF, kuf. n. s. [coeffe, Fr.] Part of the sleeve. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To CUFF, k&f. v. n. To fight; to scuffle. Di-yden. 
To CUFF, k&f. v. a. To strike with the fist. ShaJc. 



To strike with talons. Otwaij. To strike with the 
wings. Dryden. 
CUlBONO*,k\-b6'-n6. [A Latin expression often 

used.] For what purpose ; to what end. 
CUI'NAGE, kwl'-n'idje. n. s. The making up of 

twine into forms for carriage. Coicel. 
CUI'RASS§, kwe-ras'. 340. n.s. [cuirasse, Fr.] A 

breastplate. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
CUIRASSIER, kwe-ras-seer'. c 275. n. s. A man at 

arms ; a soldier in armour. Milton. 
CU1SH, kwis. 340. n. s. [cuisse, Fr. Perhaps it should 
be written cuiss. Todd.] The armour that covers 
the thighs. Shak. 
CULDEES*, k&l-deze'. n. s. [colidei, Lat.] Monks 

in Scotland and Ireland. Bp. Lloyd. 
CULERAGE, k&l'-&r-aje. n. s. The same plant with 

arsmart. Ainsworth. 
CULINARY, ku'-le-nar-e. 512. a. [culina, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the kitchen, or cookery. Newton. 
To CULL$, k&l. v.a. [cueillir, Fr.] To select from 

others ; to pick out of many. Hooker. 
CULLER, k&l'-lfir. 98. n.s. One who picks or 

chooses. Shericood. 
GULLIBILITY*, k&l-le-bll'-e-le. n. s. Credulity ; 

easiness of belief. Swift. 
CULLIQN§, k&l'-yfin. 113. n. s. [coglione, Ital.] A 

scoundrel; a mean wretch. Shakspeare. 
CULLIONLY, kfll'-y&n-le. a. Mean ; base. Shak. 
CULLIS*, k&lMfs. n.s. [coulis, Fr.] Broth of boiled 

meat strained. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
CULLUMB1NE. See Columbine. 
CULLY §, k&l'-le. n. s. [coglione, ltal.] A man de- 
ceived by sharpers or a strumpet. Hudibras. 
To CULLY, kfiV-le. v. a. To befool ; to cheat. 
CULLY ISM*, kul'-le-lzm. n.s. The state of a cully. 

Spectator. 
CULM*, kulm. n. s. \cwlm, Welsh.] A kind of dust 
coal found in pits with coals, and sometimes by it- 
self. 
CU'LMEN*, k&l'-men. n. s. [Lat.] Summit. Sir T 

Herbert. t 

CULMFFEROUS, k&l-mlf-fe-r&s. a. [culmus^ and 
fero, Lat.] Culmiferous plants have a smooth joint 
ed stalk, and their seeds are contained in chaffy 
husks. Quincy. 
To CULMINATES, k&l'-me-nate. v. n. [eulmen, 
Lat.] To be vertical ; to be in the meridian. Mil- 
ton. 
CULMINATION, k&l-me-na'-sh&n. n. s. The transit 
of a planet through the meridian. Top or crown. 
Farindon. 
CULPABILITY, k&l-pa-bll'-e-te. n.s. Blamable- 

ness. 
CULPABLE $, k&l'-pa-bl. 405. a. [culpahilis, Lat.] 
Criminal. Slmk. Guilty. Spenser. Blamablej 
blameworthy. Hooker. 
CULPABLENESS, k&l'-pa-bl-nes. n. s. Blame 5 

guilt. W. Mountagu. 
CULPABLY, kfil'-pa-ble.ad.Blamably. Bp.Taylor. 
CULPRIT, kfil'-prft. n. s. A man arraigned before 

his judge. Dryden. 
CU'LTER, k&F-t&r. n. s. [culter, Lat.] The iron of 
the plough perpendicular to the share. Shak. It is 
commonly written coulter. 
CULTIVABLE*, kuF-te-va-bl. a. Capable of culti- 
vation. 
To CULTIVATE §, kul'-te-vate. v. a. [eultiver, Fr.] 
To forward or improve the product of the earth by 
manual industry. Felton. To improve j to melior- 
ate. Addison. 
CULTIVATION, k&l-te-ya'-shun. n. s. The art or 
practice of improving soils, and forwarding vege- 
tables. Robertson. Improvement in general. South. 
CULTIVATOR. kulMe-va-tfir. 521. n.s. One who 

improves, promotes, or meliorates. Boyle. 
CULTURE: §, k&F-tshure. 461. n.s. \cullur~ Lat.] 
The act of cultivation ; tillage. Bacon. The art of 
improvement and melioration.. Taller. 
To CULTURE, k&l'-tshure. v.a. To cultivate. 

Thomson. 
CULVER, kfil'-vur. 98. n. s. [culpep, Sax.] A 
pigeon. Spenser. 
^ b 255 



CUN 



CUR 



(O 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, mk ;— otae, pin ; 



CU'LVERHOUSE*, kul'-vur-hdus. n.s. A dovecot. 

Harmar. 
CU'LVERIN, kul'-ve-rfn. n. s. [couleuvrine, Fr.] A 

species of ordnance. Wilkins. 
CU LVERKEY, kuF-vur-ke. n. s. A flower. Wal- 
ton. 
CU'LVERTAIL*, kal'-vur-tale. n. s. [In carpentry.] 

The same as dovetail. 
CU'MBENT* kfim'-bent. a. [cumbens, Lat.] Lying 

down. Dyer. 
To CU'MBER §, kum'-b&r. 98. v. a. [kommeron, 
komberen, Dutch.] To embarrass ; to entangle ; to 
obstruct. Dryden. To crowd or load with some- 
thing useless. Sliak. To involve in difficulties. 
Sha/c. To busy} to distract with multiplicity of cares. 
Luke. To be troublesome in an}' place. St. Luke. 
CU'MBER, kfim'-bur. n. s. Vexation ; burdensome- 

ness; embarrassment. Sidney. 
CUMBERSOME, kW-bur-sum. a. Troublesome} 
vexatious. Sidney. Burdensome ; embarrassing. 
Arbuthnot. Unwieldy ; unmanageable. Newton. 
CU'MBERSOMELY, kum'-bur-sum-le. a. In a 

troublesome manner. Sherwood. 
CU'MBERSOMENESS, kum'-bur-sum-nSs. n. s. 

Encumbrance ; obstruction. Sherwood. 
CIPMBRANCE, krW-branse. n. s. Burden ; hin- 

derance. Milton. 
CU/MBROUS, kum'-brus. a. Troublesome; vexa- 
tious 5 disturbing. Spenser. Oppressive ; burden- 
some. Milton. Jumbled; obstructing each other. 
Milton. 
CU'MBROUSLY, k&m'-brus-le. ad. In a burden- 
some manner. 
CU'MFREY, kbm'-frk n. s. A medicinal plant. 
CU'MIN, kfim'-min. n. s. [cuminum, Lat.] A plant. 

Miller. 
Q^f This word, before Dr. Johnson's dictionary altered 
it, was, I believe, universally spelled with double in. 
Our ancestors were homebred enough to think that, if 
we received a word from the Latin, and conformed to 
the quantity of that language, it was necessary to show 
that conformity by a specifick orthography of our own. 
Thus, the first u in cuminum being short, they doubled 
the m to indicate that shortness ; as the analogy of our 
language would infallibly pronounce the u long, if the 
consonant were single, in the same manner as in cubick, 
Cupid, &c— See Drama. W. 
To CUMULATE §, ktV-mu-late. v. a. [cumulo, Lat.] 

To heap together. Slielton. 
CUMULATION, ku-mu-la'-shun. n. s. The act of 

heaping together. Abp. Land. 
CUMULATIVE* ku'-mu-la-t?v. a. Consisting of 

parts heaped together. Bacon. 
ToCUN§*, kun. v. a. [kunna, Icel. kunnan, Goth, 
the parent of cunning.'] To know ; to learn perfect- 
ly. Barret. To cun a ship, is to direct her course. 
CUNCTA'TION, kunk-ta^-sh&n. n. s. [cunctatio, 

Lat.] Delay ; procrastination. Hayward. 
C UNO T A' TOR, kunk-ta'-tor. n.s. [Lat.] One 

given to delay ; a lingerer. Hammond. Ob. J. 
To CUND, kund. v. a. To give notice to. Carew. 

Oh. J. 
CU'NEAL^. ku'-ne-al. a. [cuneus, Lat.] Relating to 

a wedge. 
CL T/ NEATED, bV-ne-a-tdd. a. Made in form of a 

wedge. 
CUNEIFORM, ku-ne'-e-fflrm. a. [cunevs and for- 
ma, Lat] Having the form of a wedge. 
CU'NNER, ktW-n&r. n. s. A kind offish less than an 

oyster. AinswortJi. 
CU'NNING, kfV-nmg. 410. a. [kunnnn, Goth. See To 
Cun. connan, Sax.] Skilful; knowing. Shak. Per- 
formed with skill; artful. Spenser. Artfully deceit- 
ful ; sly ; designing. Bacon. Acted with subtilty. 
Sidney. 
CU'NNING, kun'-nlng. n. s. Artifice ; deceit ; sly- 
ness ; fraudulent dexterity. Sidney. Art ; skill ; 
knowledge. Psalm. 
CU'NNINGLY, kfin'-nmg-le. ad. Artfully ; slily ; sub- 

tily. Biwon. Skilfully. Spenser. 
CUNNINGMAN, kun-ning-man 7 . n. s. A man who 
pretends to tell fortunes, or teach how to recover 
stolen goods. M. Casaubon. 



CU'NNINGNESS, kun'-ning-nSss. n. s. Deceitful- 

ness ; slyness. Beaumont and Fletcher 
CUP §, kup. n. s. [cupp, Sax.] A small vessel to drink 
in. Genesis. The liquor contained in the cup ; the 
draught. Spenser. Social entertainment, in the 
plural. Shak. Any thing hollow like a cup. Wood- 
ward. A glass to draw the blood in scarification. 
Arbuthnot. 
To CUP. kup. v. a. To supply with cups. SlwJc. To 
fix a glass bell or cucurbite upon the skin, to draw 
the blood in scarification. Dryden. 
CUPBE'ARER, kup'-ba-rur. n. s. An officer of the 
king's household. Wotlon. An attendant to give 
wine at a feast. Broome. 
CUTBOARD, kfib'-burd. 412. n. s. [cup, and bopfc, 
Sax.] A case with shelves, in which victuals or 
earthen ware is placed. Bacon. 
To CUTBOARD, kub'-bfird. v. a. To treasure in a 

cupboard; to hoard up. Shakspeare. 
CUPELLA'TION*, ku-pftl-la-shun. n. s. [from cop- 
pel.] The process of assaying and purifying gold 
and silver. Babington. 
CUPFDITY $, ku-pld'-e-te. 511. n. s. [cupiditas, Lat.j 
Concupiscence ; unlawful or unreasonable longing. 
Wodrocphe. 
CU'POIA, kvV-po-la. 92. n. s. [Ital] A dome; the 
hemispherical summit of a building. Sir T. Her- 
bert. 
CUTOLAID*, ku'-po-lade. a. Having a cupola. 

Sir T. Herbert. 
CUTPEL. SeeCoppEL. 

CUPPER, kup'-pur. n. s. One who applies cupping- 
glasses ; a scarifier. 
CUTPING-GLASS, kfip'-pmg-glas. n. s. A glass 
used by scarifiers to draw out the blood by rarefy- 
ing the air. Ferrand. 
CUTREQUS/ku'-pre-us. a. [cupreus, Lat.] Cop- 
pery; consisting of copper. Boyle. 
CU'PROSE*, kV-roze. n . s . The poppy. 
CUR §, knr. n. s. [korre, Dutch.] A worthless, de- 
generate dog. Shak. A term of reproach for a 
man. Shakspeare. 
CU'RABLE, ku'-ra-bl. 405. a. That admits a reme- 
dy. Harvey. 
CU'RABLENESS, ku'-ra-bl-nes. n. s. Possibility to 

be healed. 
CU RACY, kiV-ra-se. n. s. Employment of a curate, 
distinct from a benefice ; employment which a hired 
clergyman holds under the beneficiary. Swift. A 
benefice, distinguished by the name of a perpetual 
curacy, holden by license from the bishop. 
CU'RATE^, ku'-rate. 91. n.s. [curator, Lat.] A cler- 
gyman hired to perform the duties of another. Dry- 
den. A parish priest. Common Prayer. One who 
holds a perpetual curacy. 
CU'RATESHIP, ku'-rate-shlp. n. s. The same with 

curacv. Conslitut. and Canons Eccl. 
CU'RATIVE. kiV-ra-tfv. 157. a. Relating to the 

cure of diseases. Brown. 
C URA' TOR, ku-ra'-tfir. 521 . n. s. [Lat.] One that 
has the care and superintendence of any thing. 
Swift. A guardian appointed by law. Bacon. 
CURB §, kurb. n. s. [courber, Fr.] An iron chain, 
made fast to the upper part of the branches of the 
bridle, and running over the beard of the horse 
Farrier's Diet. Restraint; inhibition. Shak. A 
hard tumour, which runs along the inside of a 
horse's hoof. Farrier's Diet. 
To CURB, kfirb. v. a. To guide or restrain a horse 
with a curb. Milton. To restrain ; to inhibit ; to 
check. Spenser. To bend. Ray. 
CURBING*, kurbMng. n. s. Check. Feltham. 
CURB-STONE t, luW-stone. n,* A thick kind of 
stone, placed at the edge of a stone pavement. Ma- 
son. 
CURD§, kurd. n. s.- The coagulation of milk ; the 
concretion of the thickerparts of any liquor. Bacon 
To CURD, kurd. v. a. To turn to curds. Shak. 
To CU RDLE. kfird'-dl. 405. v. n. To coagulate , 

to shoot together ; to concrete. Bacon. 
To CU'RDLE, kfird'-dl. v. a. To cause to coagulate. 
Spenser. 

256 



cim 



CUR 



— n6, m&ve, nor, not;— lobe, nib, bull j — oil;— pound;— <fcin, this 



CURDY, k&r'-de. a. Coagulated; concreted, ,-lr- 
bttihnot. 

CURE$, km-e. w. 5. [r//ra. Lat] Remedy ; restora- 
tive. Shak. Act of healing-. St. Luke. 'The bene- 
fice or employment of a curate or clergyman. Col- 
Htr. 

To CURE. kure. ?•. a. To heal ; to restore to health. 
■1. To prepare, so as to preserve from cor- 
ruption. Temple. 



CU'RELESS. kure'-les. 

remedy. BhaAspeare. 
CU'RER, kiV'-rur. 98. n. 

CU'RFEW, kiV-tu. n. s. 



Curiosity ; 
Exactness; I 

Unclu- ! 



r. Without cure ; without 

f. A healer ; a physician. 

{couvre feu, Fr.] An eve- 
ning-peal, by which William the Conqueror will- 
ed, that every man should rake up his fire, and put 
out his liffftt ; so that, in many places, at this day. 
where a bell is customarily rung- towards bed time, 
it is said to ring curfew. Cowel. A cover for a fire ; 
a fireplate. Bacon. 
CURIA' LIT Y, ku-re-iiF-e-te. n. s. [curialis, Lat.] I 
The privileges, or perhaps retinue, of' a court. Bac. \ 
CURIO SITV, ku-re-os'-e-te. n. s, Inquisitivenoss ; 
inclination to inquiry. Milton. Nicety ; delicacy. 
Shak. Accuracy ; exactness. Shak. An act of 
curiosity ; nice experiment. Bacon. An object of 
curiosity; rarity. Addison. 
CURRySO*,kd6-re-i>' r s6. n. s. [ltal.] A curious 

person ; a virtuoso. Life of A. Wood. 
CU'RIOUS$, ku'-re-us. 314. a. [curiosus, Lat.j In- 
quisitive ; desirous of information. Ecclzts. Atten- 
tive to ; diligent about. Woodward. Accurate ; 
careful not to mistake. Hooker. Difficult to please ; 
solicitous of perfection. Taylor. Exact ; nice ; 
subtle. Holder. Artful ; not neglectful ; nicely dili- 
JEtetrt. Fairfax. Elegant 5 neat; -laboured. Exodus. 
Rigid ; severe ; rigorous. Shaksj>eare. 
CU'RIOUSLY. kiV-re-us-!e. ad. Inquisitively ; at- 
tentively. SM/ct. Elegantly ; neatly. South. Art- 
lullv ; exactly. Psalm. Captiously. 
CU RIOUSNESS*, ku'-re-us-nes. n. 
inquisitiveness. Sir W. Alexander 
South. Nicety. Spenser. 
CURL, kfl'rl. n. s. A ringlet of hair. Sidney 
ration ; wave ; sinuosity ; Bexure. Newton. 
7b CURL $, kfirl. v.a. [cypjian, Sax.] To turn the 
hair in ringlets. Shale. To -writhe ; to twist. B-avj- 
morU with curls. Shak. To 

in waves, undulation'-, or sinuosities. Shak. 
To CURL, kr'n-1. v. n. To shrink into ringlets. Boyle. 
To rise in undulations. Drvden, To twist itself. 
Dryden. To shrink back. U. Jmyson. 
CURL-HEADED*, kurl'-hed-ed. )a. Having the 
CURLED-PATE*, kfirld'-pate. ] hair juried. 

Slwdcispeore. 
CU'RLEW, kiV-li\. n. s. {cow-lieu, Fr.] A kind of 
water-fowl. Ctrew. A bird larger than a par- 
tridge, with longer legs. Trevonx. 
CU'RLINESS*. kflrMe-nes. n. s. The state of any 

thing curled. 
CURLING-IRONS*, kurMmg-l'-urnz. n. s. An in- 
vention to curl the hair with. Johnson. 
CU'RLINGLY*. kiV-Ung-le. ad. In a waving fash- 
ion or manner. Shenrood. 
CU RLY*, kCir'-le. a. Inclining to curl. 
CURW'DGEONsS kfir-mfid'-jun. 259. n. s. An 
avaricious, churlish fellow ; a miser ; a niggard ; a 
churl. Hudibras. 
CURMUDGEONLY, kur-m&d/-j5n-le. 259: a. Ava- 
ricious ; covetous ; churlish. L Estrange. 
CURRANT, kfiy-ran. n. s. [from Coriialius, whence 
probably this fruit was first brought to us.] A small 
Fruit tree. A small dried grape. King. 
CU'RRENCY, kiV-ren-se. n. s. Circulation ; power 
of passing from hand to hand. Swift. General re- 
ception. Fluency ; readiness of utterance. Con- 
tinuance; constant flow. Aidiffe. General esteem ; 
the rate at which any thing is vulgarly valued. 
Bacon. The papers stamped in the English colo- 
nies bv authority, and passing for money. 
CU'RRENT§, kfiV-rent. a. [currens, Lat.] Passing 
from hand to hand. Genesis. Generally received;! 
33 



uncontradicted. Sidney. Common ; general. Watts. 
Established by vulgar estimation. Grew. Fashion- 
able; popular. Pope. Passable; such as may no 
allowed. Shak. What is now ^dsshig; as. the 
current year. 
CU'RRENT, kor'-rent. n.s. A running stream. 
Shak. Currents are certain progressive motions 
of the water of the sea in several places. Harris. 
Course ; progression* Bacon. 
CURRENTLY, kfir'-rent-le. ad. In a constant mo- 
tion. Without opposition. Hooker. Popularly ; 
fashionably. 
CURREN'fNESS, kiV-rent-nes. n. s. Circulation. 
General reception. Easiness of pronunciation. 
Camden. 
CU'RRICLE*, kur'-re-kl. 405. n.s. [curricula, 
Lat.] A course. Brown. A chariot. In modern 
times, an open chaise with two wheels, drawn by 
two horses abreast. 
CU'RRIER, kfir'-re-Cir. n.s. [coriarius, Lat.] One 

who drosses and pares leather. Dri/den. 
CU'RRISH, kiV-rlsh. a. [from car.] Having the 
qualities of a degenerate dog ; brutal ; sour; quar- 
relsome. Sidney. 
CU'RRISHLY* knV-rlsh-le. ad. In a brutal or ma- 
lignant manner. Foxe. 
CU'RRISHNESS*. kur'-r&b-nes. n.s. Moroseness, 

churlishness., Feltham. 
7bCU'RRY$, k&r'-re. v.a. [courroyer, Fr.j To 
dress leather,. b\ r beating and rubbing it. To beat ; 
to drub. Barret. To rub a horse with a scratching 
instrument so as to smooth his coat. Beaum. and 
Fl. To scratch in kindness; to rub down with 
flattery. Shakspmre. 
To CU'RRY Favour. Properly facel, a metaphor 
from the stable. To become a favourite by petty 
officiousness, or flattery. Hooker. 
CU'RRY*, kfir'-re. n.s. A word imported from die 
East Indies, denoting a mixture of various eatables, 
a very relishable composition. 
CU'RKYCOMB, kur'-re-k6me. n. s. An iron instru- 
ment for currying horses. Locke. 
CU'RRYING* kur'-re-'fng. n. s. Rubbing down a 

horse. Bacon. 
To CURSE $, kinse. v.a. [cup r »an. Sax.] To wish 
evil 10 ; to execrate ; to devote. Numbers. To mis- 
chief 5 to afflict; to torment. Pope. 
To CURSE, kfirse. v. n. To imprecate. Jnd. 
CURSE. Iffirse. n.s. Malediction: Job. Affliction; 

torment; vexation. Addison. 
CU'RSED, kftr'-sed. 3()2. part. a. Deserving a tjursc ; 
hateful; detestable. Shak. Unholy; unsanctiJien : 
blasted by a curse. Milton. Vexatious : trouble- 
some. Dryden, 
CU'RSEDLY. laV-sed-le. 364. ad. Miserably; 

shamefully : a low. cant word. Pope. 
CU'RSEDNESS. kiV-sed-nes. n.s. The state of 
heimr under a curse. 

kurs'-fir. n. s. One that utters curses. 



CU'RSER 
Dryden. 

CU'RSHIP, luV-sh?p n.s. Dogship; meanness. 
Hudibras. 

CU'RSING*. kSrsMng. n.s. An execration. Joshua. 

CU'RSITOR, kiV-se-tor. n.s. [Lat.] An officer 
belonging to the chancery, that makes out origin- 
al writs. Cowel. 

CU / RSORARY,kfir'-s6-ra-re.<<. {cams, Lat.] Cur- 
sorv ; hasty. S'aakspeare. 

CU'RSORILY. k-V-so-re-le. ad, Hastily. Smith. 

CU'RSORINESS, laV-so-re-nes. ». s. Slight at- 
tention. 

CU'RSORY^ktV-so-re. a. {cu-sorius, Lat.~] Hasty; 
quick; inattentive. Addison, Going about; not 
stationary. Proceedings against Garnet. 

CURST $,*korst. a. Froward ; peevish; malignant; 
mischievous ; snarling. AscJiam. 

CU'RSTNESS, kurst'-nes. n.s. Peevishness; fro- 

wardness; malignity. Shahpeare. 
fTJRT. kurt. a. [cicrtus, Lat.] Short. Brown. 

T^CU'RTAILS, kdr-tale'. v.a. {curio, Lat.] To 

cut off; to cut short. Shakspeare. 
CU'RTAIL Dog. n.s. Adog faced, or mutil- 
25,' 



cus 



CUT 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm 



according to the forest laws, whose tail is cut off, 
and who is therefore hindered in coursing. Sliak. 

CURTATLER* kur-tale'-ur. n. s. One who cuts 
off any thing. Walerland. 

CURTAILING*, kur-tale'-lng. ».*. Abbreviation. 
Swift. 

CU'RTAIN §, kur'-tln. 208. n. s. [courtine, old Fr.] 
A cloth contracted or expanded at pleasure. Ar- 
buthnol. — To draw the curtain. To close it so as 
to shut out the light, or conceal the object, or to 
open it so as to discern the object. Burnet. Shak. 
[In fortification.] That part of the wall that lies be- 
tween two bastions. Knolles. 

CURTAIN-LECTURE, kiV-tln-lek'-tshiire. n. s. 
A reproof given by a wife to her husband in bed. 
Dryden. 

To CU'RTAIN, kur'-ffn. v. a. To accommodate 
with curtains. Shakspeare. 

CUTvTAL*, kur'-tal. n. s. [courtault, Fr.] A horse 
with a docked tail. B. Jonson. 

CU'RTAL*, kur'-tal. a. Brief, or abridged. Milton. 

CU'RTATE DISTANCE, kur'-tate-dls'-tanse. n.s. 
The distance of a planet's place from the sun, re- 
duced to the ecliptick. 

CURTA'TION, kfir-ta'-shun. n. s. The interval be- 
tween a planet's distance from the sun and the cur- 
tate distance. Chambers. 

CU'RTELASSE. ) ~ «, - iM 

CU'RTELAX. 5 See Cutlass. 

CU'RTILAGE* kur'-ttl-aje. n. s. [couHillage, old 
Fr.] A garden, yard, or rield, lying near to a mes- 
suage. 

CU'RTLY*. kurt'-le. ad. Briefly. Gayton. 

CU'RTSY. kurt'-se. See Courtesy. 

CU'RULE*, ku'-rule. a. [curulis, Lat.] An epithet 
applied to the chair in which the Roman magis- 
trates had a right to sit. Hudibras. 

CU'RVATED.koy-va-ted. a. [curtains, Lat.] Bent; 
crooked. 

CURVA'TION, kur-va'-shun. n. s. The act of bend- 
ing or crooking. Pearson. 

CU'RVATURE, kur'-va-tshure. 461. n. s. Crooked- 
ness. CJieyne. 

CURVE, kurv. a. Crooked ; bent. Bentley. 

CURVE, kurv. n. s. Anv thing bent. 

To CURVED korv. v. a. [curvo, Lat.] To bend; to 

crook. Holder. 
To CURVE'Ty, kfir-vet'. r. n. [corr.ettare, Ital.] To 
leap; to bound. Shak. To frisk ; to be licentious. 

CU'RVET, kfir-vet'. n. s. A leap; abound. Fuller. 
A frolick ; a prank. 

CURVILI'NEAR. kfir-ve-lln'-yar. a. [curims and 
linea, Lat.] Consisting of a crooked line. Clieyne. 
Composed of crooked lines. 

CU'RVITY, kfir'-ve-te. n. s. Crookedness. Holder. 

CUSHION §, kush'-m, or kush'-fin. 289. n. s. [cous- 
sin, Fr.] A pillow for the seat ; a soft pad placed 
upon a chair. Shakspeare. 

§Cj~ I have given this word two sounds: not that I think 
they are equally in use: I am convinced the first is the 
more general; but because the other is but a triflin" 
departure from it, and does not contradict the universal 
rule of pronouncing words of this termination. TV. 

CU SHIONED, kfish'-lnd. 359. a. Sealed on a cush- 
ion. Dissertation on Paiiies. 
CUSHIONET*, kush'-m-et. n. s. A little cushion. 

Beaumont. 
CUSP§, kfisp. n.s. [cuspis, Lat.] A term used to 

express the ]x>ints or horns of the moon, or other 

luminarv. Harris. 
CUSPATED, kfis'-pa-ted. )a. A word ex- 

CUSPIDATED, kiV-pe-da-t^d. $ pressing the 

leaves of a flower ending in a point. 
CUSPIDAL*, kfis'-pe-daf. a. Sharp; ending in a 

point. More. 
To CUSPIDATE*, kus'-pe-date. v. a. To sharpen. 

Cockeram. 
CUSPIS*, kfis'-pis.n.s. [Lat.] The sharp end of a 

thing. More. 
CUSTARD, kus'-tfird. 88. n.s. [cwstard, Welsh.] 

A kind of sweetmeat made by boiling eggs with 



milk and sugar till the whole thickens into a mass. 
Hudibras. 
CUSTODIAL*, kfis-t6'-de-al. a. Relating to custo- 
dy, or guardianship. Lett, to the Bp. of RocJiester. 
CUSTODY §, kfis'-td-de. n.s. [custodia, Lat.] Im- 
prisonment ; restraint of liberty. Bacon. Care ; 
guardianship; charge. Numbers. Defence ; preser- 
vation ; security. Bacon. 
CUSTOM y , kus'-tum. 1G6. n.s. [coustume, Fr.] 
Habit; habitual practice. Shak. Fashion; com- 
mon way of acting. 1 Sam. Established manner. 
St. Luke. Practice of buying of certain persons. 
Addison. Application from buyers ; as, This trader 
has good custom. [In law.] A law or right, not 
written, which, being established by long use, and 
the consent of our ancestors, has been, and is. dailv 
practised. Cowel. Tribute ; tax paid for goods 
imported, or exported. Bacon. 
To CUSTOM*, kus'-tflm. v. a. To pay the duty at 
the custom-house for goods exported or imported. 
Marlow. 
To CU'STOM*. kus'-tum. v. n. To accustom. 

Spenser. 
CUSTOM-HOUSE, kus'-tfim-hous. n. s. The 
house where the taxes upon goods imported, or ex- 
ported, are collected. Swift. 
CUSTOMABLE, kfis'-tfim-d-bl. a. [coustumable, 

old Fr.] Common; habitual; frequent. Bale. 
CU STOMABLENESS, kfis'-tum-a-bl-nes. n. s. Fre- 

quencv ; habit. Conformitv to custom. 
CUSTOMABLY, kus'-lum-a-ble. ad. According to 

custom. Homilies. 
CUSTOMARILY, kfis'-tfim-ar-e-le. ad. Habitually. 

Pearson. 
CUSTOMARINESS, kfis'-tfim-ar-e-nes. n. s. Fre- 
quency ; commonness. Government of the Tongue. 
CU STOMARY, kfis'-tfim-ar-e. a. Conformable to 
established custom. Shak. Habitual. Tillotson. 
Usual ; wonted. Shakspeare. 
CUSTOMED, kus'-tvund. 359. a. Usual; common; 

accustomed. ShaJcspeare. 
CUSTOMER, kiV-t&m-fir. n. s. One who frequents 
any place of sale for the sake of purchasing. Shak. 
A common woman. [This sense is now obsolete.] 
Shak. A toll -gatherer; a collector of customs. 
Mountagu. 
CUSTREL, kus'-trel n.s. A buckler -bearer. Lord 

Herbert. A vessel for holding wine. Ainsworth. 
CUSTUMARY*, kus'-tu-ma-re. n. s. A book of 

laws and customs. Selden. 
To CUTy, kfit. pret. ad; part. pass. cid. [koia, 
West-Goth.] To penetrate with an edged instru- 
ment; to divide any continuity by a sharp edge. 
Shak. To hew. 2'Chron. To carve; to make 
by sculpture. Shak. To form any thing by cut- 
ting. Exodus. To divide by passing through. Pope. . 
To pierce with any uneasy sensation. Addison. 
To divide packs of cards. Prior. To intersect 
to cross : as, one line cuts another at right angles. 
To castrate. Huloet. [To avoid a person ; to dis- 
own him; in modern, and unauthorized language. 
Todd.]— To cut down. To fell; to hew down. 
Knolles. To excel ; to overpower. Addison. To 
ad off. To separate from the other parts by cut- 
ting! Judges. To destroy ; to extirpate. Spenser. 
To rescind; to separate. Shak. To intercept; to 
hinder from union or return. Bacon. To put an 
end to ; to obviate. Hayward. To withhold. Rog- 
ers. To preclude. Addison. To interrupt; to 
silence. Bacon. To apostrophize; to abbreviate. 
Dry den. To cut out. To shape ; to form. Shak. 
To scheme ; to contrive. Howell. To adapt. Ry- 
mer. To debar. Pope. To excel ; to outdo. To 
cut slwrt. To hinder from proceeding by sudden 
interruption. Dryden. To abridge : as, The sol- 
diers were cut short of their pay. To cut up. To 
divide an animal into convenient pieces. L'Es- 
trange. To eradicate. Job. 
To CUT, k&t. v. n. To make way by dividing. Ar- 
hvthnot. To perform the operation of lithotomy 
Pope. To interfere : as, a horse that cuts. — To ait 
in. A phrase in card-playing, when the parties 



CYC 



CZA 



— 116, move, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— Oil ;— p6und ;— th'm, Tui 



determine who are to form the players. To cut up. 
To promise or show by the operation of the butch- 
er's division. Burke. 
CUT, kfit. part. a. Prepared for use. Swift. 
OUT, kQt. 71. s. The action of a sharp or ed^ed in- 
strument. The impression or separation of con- 
tinuity, made by an edge or sharp instrument. A 
wound made by cutting-. Wiseman. A channel 
made by art. Knolles. A part cut off from the rest. 
Mortimer. A small particle ; a shred. Hooker. A 
lot made by cutting a stick ; or rather by holding- 
pieces of paper, unequally cut, between the finger 
and thumb. Sidney. A near passage. South. A 
picture carved upon wood or copper. Brown. The 
stamp on which a picture is carved. The prac- 
tice of dividing a pack of cards. Swift. Fashion; 
form; shape. Shak. A fool or cully. Shak. A 
horse ; a gelding. Gascoigne. — Cut and long tail. 
Men of all kinds. Shakspeare. 
CUTANEOUS, ku-ti'-ne-us. a. [cutis, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the skin. Floijer. 
CUTE*, kute. a. [cuo\ Sax.] Clever; sharp. 
CUTH signifies knowledge or skill. Gibson. 
CU'TICLE, kiV-te-kl. 405. n. s. [cuticula, Lat.] The 
first and outermost covering of the body; the scarf- 
skin. Quincy. A thin skin formed on the surface 
of any liquor. Newton. 
CUTI'CUL AR , ku-dk'-u-lur. a. Belongi ng to the skin. 
CUTLASS, k&t'-las. n. s. [coutelas, Fr.] A broad 

cutting sword. Sliakspeare. 
CUTLER, kutMur. 98. n.s. [coutelier, Fr.] One 

who makes or sells knives. Shakspeare. 
CUTLERY*, kut'-le-re. n. s. The ware or articles 

which are made by cutlers. 
CU'TLET*, kutM£t. n. s. [cotelette, Fr.] A steak ; 

properly, a rib. Swift. 
CU'TPURSE. kut'-purse. n.s. One who steals by 
the method of cutting purses. A thief. Shakspeare. 
CU'TTER, kut'-tur. 98. n. s. An agent or instrument 
that cuts any thing. Sluik. A nimble boat that 
cuts the water. The teeth that cut the meat. Raij. 
An officer in the exchequer that provides wood for 
the tallies. Cowel. A ruffian; a bravo. Barret. 
Cutler off'. A destroyer. Shakspeare. 
CUT-THROAT, k&t'-tfirote. ?z. s. A ruffian ; a mur- 
derer. Knolles. 
CUT-THROAT, km'-tfirote. a. Cruel; inhuman. 

Carev:. 
CUTTING, kut'-Ung. n. s. A piece cut off; a chop. 
Bacon. Incision. Leviticus. Caper; curvet. Flo- 
rio. Division, as of a pack of cards. Hill. 
CUTTLE §, k&t'-tl. 405. n.s. [cutele, Sax.] A fish, 
which, when he is pursued by a fish of prey, throws 
out a black liquor. Bacon. 
CUTTLE, kut'-tl. n. s. A foul-mouthed fellow, who 
blackens the character of others. SlwJc. A knife. 
Bale. 
CU'TWORK* kut'-wfirk. n. s. Work in embroide- 
ry. B. Jonson. 
CY'CLAMEN* sik'-lit-men. n. s. [Fr. and Lat.] [In 

botany.] Sow-bread. Sprat. 
CY'CLE, sl'-kl. 405. n. s. [cyclus, Lat.] A circle. A 
periodical space of time. Holder. A method, or 
account of a method continued till the same course 
begins again. Evelyn. Imaginary orbs; a circle 
in \he heavens. Milton. 
CY'CLOID§, sl'-klSld. n.s. [kv^oeio^.] A geo- 
metrical curve, of which the genesis may be con- 
ceived by imagining a nail in the circumference 
of a wheel : the line which the nail describes in the 
air, while the wheel revolves in a right line, is the 
cycloid. Reid. 
$5= Sheridan and Buchanan pronounce the y in this word 
short ; and Ash, Kenrick, and W. Johnston, long. W. 
CYCLOTDAL, se-klfild'41. 180. a. Relating to a 

cycloid. Chambers. 
CYCLO'METRY*, se-kl&m'-e-tre. n. s. The art of 

measuring cycles or circles. Wallis. 
CYCLOPiEDFA, sl-klo-pe'-de-a. n.s. [k^kXos and 
naicdaJ] A circle of knowledge : a course of the 
sciences. 
{P5= I have in this word differed from Mr. Sheridan and 



Dr. Johnson, by placing tho accent on the antepenulti- 
mate syllable instead of the penultimate. I know that 
Greek words of this termination have the accent on 
the penultimate syllable ; but the antepenultimate ac- 
centuation is more agreeable to the genius of our 
tongue, and seems to have prevailed. For, though Dr. 
Johnson bus given this word the penultimate accent, he 
has placed the accent on the antepenultimate syllable 
of ambrosia, euthanasia, and hydrophobia, though 
these have all the accent on the penultimate in the 
Greek. It is true the i in the last syllable but one 
of cyclopedia, is a diphthong in the original; and this 
will induce those, who are fond of showing their Greek 
learning, to lay the accent on the penultimate, as its op- 
position to general usage will be an additional reason 
with them for preferring it. The pronunciation I have 
adopted, I see, is supported by Dr. Kenrick, Entick, 
Scott, Perry, and Buchanan, which abundantly shows 
the general current of custom. 
To these observations it may be added, that if the i be ac- 
cented, it must necessarily have the long open sound, as 
in elegiac, and not the sound of e, as Mr. Sheridan has 
marked it. W. 

CYCLOPE'AN*. sl-kl6-pe'-an. a. Vast; terrifick. 

Bp. Hall. 
CY'CLOPEDE*. sl'-klo-peed. n. s. The modern 

term for cyclopaedia. Warton. 
CYCLOTTCK*, se-klop'-ik. a. [from the Cyclopes.-] 

Savage. Bp. Taylor. 
CY'DER*. See Cider. 
CY'GNET, sig'-net. n. s. \cygnus, Lat.] A young 

swan. Shakspeare. 

CYLINDER §, sll'-ln-dur. n. s. |>Atvfyos.] A body 

having two flat surfaces and one circular. Wilkins. 

CYLINDRICAL. se-hV-dre-kal. > a. Partaking of 

CYLI'NDRICK, se-hV-drfk. ) the nature of a 

cvlinder. Woodward. 
CYLFNDROID*. se-nV-dr6?d. n. s. A solid body, 
differing from the cylinder, as having its bases el- 
liptical, but parallel, and equal. Chambers. 
CYMA'R. se-max 7 . 188. n. s. A slight covering ; a scarf. 
CYMA'TIUM, se-ma'-she-um. n. s. [Kvpdrtov.] A 
member of architecture, whereof one half is con 
vex, and the other concave. Harris. 
CY'MBAL, sW-bal.n. s. [cumbalum, Lat.] A mu- 
sical instrument. Shakspeare. 
CYNA'NTHROPY, se-nan'-Zftra-pe. n. s. [kvuv 
kvvos and dv0f)w7ro?.] A species of madness in which 
men have the qupJities of dogs. 
CYNARCTOMACHY, s-!n-ark-t6m'-a-ke. n. s. 
[kvuv, aptcrbs; /Jiaxv-] Bear-baiting with a dog. 
Hudibras. 
CYNEGE'TICKS, sm-ne-jet'-iks. n.s. [nvvcyrmKa.] 

The art of hunting with dogs. 
CY'NICAL, shv-fk-al. )a. [kvvikos.] Having the 
CY'NICK, sSn'-ik. S qualities cf a dog; bru- 
tal; snarling; satirical. Bp. Taylor. 
CY'NICK, sln-'-nik. n. s. A philosopher of the snarl- 
ing sort ; a follower of Diogenes ; a rude man. Shak. 
CY'NOSURE, s!n'-6-sure, or sl'-no-sure. 463. n.s. 
[kv vocovpa.] The star near the north pole, by which 
sailors steer. Sir T. Herbert. 
CY'ON. SeeCioN. 
CYTHER*. SeeCiPHEK. 

CYTRESS-TREE, si'-pres-tre. n, s. [aipressus, 
Lat.] A tall, straight tree, produced with great diffi- 
culty. Its leaves are bitter, and the smell and 
shade dangerous. Hence the Romans looked upon 
it to be a fatal tree, and made use of it at funerals. 
Calmet. The emblem of mourning. Shakspeare. 
CYTRUS, si'-prus. n.s. [Probably from Cyprus, 
where it was originally made.] A thin, transparent 
stuff. Shakspeare. 
CYST§, s?st. )n.s. [kvotk;.'] A bag containing 

CYSTIS6, sV-t?s. \ some morbid matter. Wiseman. 
CY'STICK, sV-tfk. a. Contained in a bag. Arbuth. 
CYSTOTOMY, sis-tot 7 - t6-me. 513. n. s. The prac- 
tice of opening incysted tumours. 
CY'TISUS*, slt'-e-sus. n. s. A shrub. Congreve. 
CZAR§,zar. n.s. [properly tzar.] The title of the 

ernperour of Russia. Brown. 
CZA'RISH* zarMsh. a. Relating to the czar. Toiler. 
CZARPNA, za-re'-na. n.s. The empress of Russia. 
Goldsmith . 



DAG 



DAM 



UJ" 559.— Fate, f ar, fS.ll, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin 



DIs a consonant nearly approaching- in sound to 
t, but formed by a slronger appulse of the 

tongue to the upper part of the mouth. The sound 

of a in English is uniform, and it is never mute. 
D*. A note or key in musick. 
D#, in abbreviation, is common for doctor ; as. D.D. 

doctor of divinity 5 M. D. doctor of medicine. 
D*. A numeral letter, signifying five hundred. 
DA CAPO, da-ka/-p6. [Ital.] A term in musick, 

signifying that the first part of the tune should be 

repeated at the conclusion. 
To DAB §, dab. v. a. [dauber, Fr.] To strike gently 

with something soft or moist. Sharp. 
DAB, dab. n.s. A small lump of any thing. A blow 

with something moist or soft. Something moist or 

slimy thrown upon one. A kind of small flat fish. 

Ca.re.vo. 
DAB-*, dab. n. s. A corruption of adept. An artist ; a 

man expert at something. Goldsmith. 
To DA'BBLE?, d&b'-M. 405. v. a. [dabbelen, Dutch.] 

To smear; to daub; to spatter; to besprinkle. 

Shakspeare. 
To DA'BBLE, dab'-bl. v.n. To play in water. 

Glanville. To do any thing in a slight, shallow 

manner 



To DA'GGLE §, dag'-gl. 405. r. a. [dag, dew.] To 

dip negligently in mire or water ; to besprinkle. 

Swift. 
To DA'GGLE, dag'-gl. v. n. To be in the mire ; tc 

run through wet or dirt. Pope. 
DA'GGLEDTAIL, dag'-gld-tale. a. Bemired ; b- 

spattered. Swift. 
DA'GSWAIN*, dag'-swane. n. s.Jdag, a shred.] A 

sort of carpet. Harrison. Ob. T. 
DA'GTAILED*, dag'-tal'd. a. Dirtied. Bp. Kail. 
DATLY^da/de.a. [ose^lic, Sax.] Happening every 

day, or very frequently. Shakspeare. 
; -le. ad. Ever 



Everyday; very often. Spen- 
[dain, Fr.] Delicate ; elegant. 



to tamper. Atterburu 
DA'BBLER, daV-lur. n.s. One that plays in water. 
Cieaveland. One that meddles without mastery ; a 
superficial meddler. B. Junson. 
DA'BCHICK, dab'-lshik. n. s. A small water- fowl. 

Ray. 
DACE, duse. n.s. A small river-fish. Walton. 
D.VCTYLE, dak'-tll. 146. n. s. [<5«k~uW] A poet- 
ical foot consisting of one long syllable and two 
short. Sir J. Davies. 
DA'CTYLET* ddk'-te-let. n. s. Dactvle. Bp. 

Hall. 
DA'CTYLICK* dak'-te-tfk. a. Relating to the dac- 

tyle. Johnson. 
DA'CTYLIST*, dak'-te-lfst. n.s. One who writes 

flowing verse. Warton. 
DACTYLOLOGY*, dak-te-lol'-o-je. n. s. The art 

(if conversing by the hands. Dafgamo. 
DAD, dad. ) n. .v. The child's way of exnress- 

DA'DDY, dad'-de. S in? father. Shakspeare. 
To DA'DDLFA dad'-dl. "i; ; ». To walk unsteadily, 

like an old person or a child. 
To DADE $, dade. v. a. To hold up by ti leading 

siring". Drayton. 
DADO-, da'-'do. n.s. [Ital.] The plain part between 

the base and cornice of a column ; the die. 
DJE'DAL. a. [daadalvs, I, at.] Various ; variegated. 

Spenser. Skilful. Spenser. 
D.EDALIAN*. de-da'-le-an. a. Maze-like ; resein 

Ming a labyrinth. Cotgravd 
DAFFR ) ,,, {n.s. [dauf, Icel.] A blockish or 
DAFFE§*. $ tUK j foolish fellow. Chancer. 
To DAFF*, daf. >: a. To daunt. Grose. 
To D AFF §#, daf. v. a. To toss aside; to put away 

with contempt ; to put off. SJiakspeare. Ob. T. 
DAFFADIL*, dif-fa-dii. -\ 

DA'FFADILLY* daf-fa-dSl-le. f 

DAFFADOWNDILLY, daf-fd-d6un-d)l'-le. > n.s, 
DA'FFODIL, daf -f6-dn. \ 

DATFODILLY, daf-fo-drl-le. ) 

A plant. Miller. 
DAFT. i See To Daff. 

DAG, dag. n. s. [dague, Fr.] A dagger. A hand- 
gun ; a pistol. Burton. 
DAG*, dag. n.s. [bag 1 , Sax.] A slip, or shred. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
To DAG, dag. v. a. To daggle ; to bemire. To cut 

into slips. Chaucer. 
DAG*, dag. n.s. [da?; Dan.] Dew upon the grass. 

Ray. 
DA-GGERMag'-iV 93,381. n. s.[dague : o}<\Fv.] A 
short sword ; a poniard. Sidnetf. A blunt blade of 
iron with a basket hilt, used for defence. The 
obelus or obelisk ; a mark of reference in form of 



a dagger; as [t]. 
D.VGGERSDRAWING, 

The act of drawing da, 
violence. Hudibras. 



dag'-urz-draw-lng. n. s. 
Igers; approach to open 



DAILY, da 

ser. 
DAINTY, dant 

Spenser. 
DAINT*, dant. n.s. Somediing of exquisite taste ; a 

dainty. P. Fletcher. 
DAINTILY, dane'-le-le. ad. Elegantly; delicately. 
Bacon. Deliciously; pleasantly. Howell. Nicely; 
ceremoniously. B. Jonson. Squeamishly ; fastid- 
iously. 
DAINTINESS, dane'-te-nes. n.s. Delicacy; soft- 
ness. B. Jonson. Elegance ; nicety. Wotton. 
Delicacy ; deliciousness. Haicewill. Squeamish- 
ness ; fastidiousness. Wotton. Ceremoniousness ; 
scrupulosity. 
DATNTLY*, danf-le. ad. Deliciously. Saclcrille. 
DATNTREL*, dant'-rel n. s. A delicacy. Tr. of 

Butlinger. Ob. T. 
DA/INTY, dane'-te. a. Pleasing to the palate ; deli- 
cious. Bacon. Delicate ; nice ; squeamish. Varies. 
Scrupulous; ceremonious. Shak. Elegant; ef- 
feminately beautiful. Spenser. Nice ; affectedly 
iine. Prior. 
DATNTY, dane'-te.??.*. Something nice or delicate. 

Prov. A word of fondness. Shakspeare. 
DALRY$, da/-re. n.s. [deij, an old word for milk.] 
The art of making food from milk. Temple. The 
place where milk is manufactured. B. Jonson. 
Pasturage ; milk farm. Bacon. 
DAIRYMAID, da'-re-made. n.s. The woman ser- 
vant whose business is to manege the milk. Dry- 
den. 
DAISIED, da'-zld. a. Full of daisies; besprinkled 

with daisies. Shakspeare. 
DAISY §, da'-ze. 438. n.s. [bae^eye^c, Sax.] A 

spring- flower. Miller. 
DALE, dale. n.s. [dalei, Goth.] A low place between 

hills; a Vale; a valley. Spenser. 
D ALLIANCE, dal'-le-anse. n.s. Interchange of ca- 
resses ; acts of fondness. Shak. Conjugal conver- 
sation. Spenser. Delay; procrastination. Shale. 
DALLIER, dab-le-ur. n. s. A trifler ; a fondler. 

Asc'iam. 
DALLOP, dalMiip. n. s. A tuft, or clump. Tusser. 

Oh. J. 
To DALLY Mal'-le. v.nAdollen, Dutch.] To trifle; 
to play the fool. Shak. To exchange caresses ; to 
play the wanton; to fondle. Shak. To sport; to 
play. Shakspeare. To delay. Wisdom. 
To DALLY, dalMe. v. a. To put off; to delay. 

Knolles. 
DAM, dam. n. s. [from dame] The mother : used of 

beasls. Shakspeare. 
DAM, dam. n. s. [dam, Dutch.] A mole or bank to 

confine water. Hudibras. 
To DAM§, dam. v. a. To confine, or shut up water 

bv dams. Shakspeare. 
DA^MAGES, danV-mtdje. 90. n.s. [damage, old Fr.] 
Mischief; hurt ; detriment. Bacon. Loss. Milton. 
The value of mischief done. Clarendon. Repara- 
tion of damage; retribution. Bacon. [In law.] 
Any hurt or hinderance that a man taketh in his es- 
tate. Coivel, 
To DA'MAGE, dam'-ldje. 90. v. a. To injure ; to 

impair. Addison. 
To DA'MAGE, dam'-Mje. v.n. To take damage, or 

be damaged. 
DAMAGEABLE, dam'-ldje-a-bl. a. Susceptible of 
hurt ; as, damageable goods. Mischievous ; per- 
nicious. Fealleaj. 

260 



DAM 



DAP 



-ntS. uh>\(\ nor. not; — lulu-, ti'ib, hull; — oil; — pound; — th'm, THis. 



DA MAGE-FEASANT*, dam'-?dje-fe -zant. 
[damage, andfaisant, Fr. a law term.] Doing 



or damage. CoioeL 
DA MASCENE, dam'-zn. 170. 
from Dcomucz&s.] A plum, largei 
Bacon, 



hurl 



/. s. [diimascenus, 
than the damson. 



DA'MASKS, diiai -Osk. 83. n.s. [from J) (( .ww/w.] 
Linen or silk invented at Damascus, which, by a 
various direction of the threads, exhibits flower's or 
other forms. Spenser. lied colour. Fairfax. 
To DAMASK, dam'-dsk. 88. v. a. To form flowers 
upon suirts. To variegate; to diversify. Milton. 
1o adorn steel-work with figures. 
DAMASK-ROSE, dam'-flsk-rize. n.s. The rose of 

Damascus; a red rose. Bacon. 
DA^MASKENFsG, dam-us-ke-nlng. n.s. The art 
of adorning iron or steel, by making incisions, and 
filling them up with gold or silver wire. Cham- 
bers. 
DA'MASKIN*, danV-us-khi. 7i.s. A sabre; proba- 
bly from being made at Damascus. Howell. 
DAMSy. dame. ;/. a. [dame, Fr.] A lady. Watts. A 
woman of rank. Dryden. Mistress of a low family. 
L'EMrange. Women in general. Shakspeare. 
DAMES-VIOLET, damz-vi'-o-let. n, s. A plant. 

Miller. 
To DAMN §. dam. 411. v. a. [damno, Lat.] To doom 
to e:en:al torments in a future state. Bacon. To 
procure or cause to be eternally condemned. ScntJi. 
To condemn. Bp. Barlow. To hoot or hiss any 
publick performance. ^Dryden. 
DA MNABLE, dam'-na-bl.'a. Deserving damnation. 
Hooker. Sometimes indecently used for odious ; 
pernicious. Shakspeare. 
DA MNABLENESS*. dam'-na-bl-nes. n. s. That 

which deserves condemnation. ChillingwortJi. 
DA'MNABLY, dam'-na-ble. ad. In such a manner 
as to incur eternal punishment, or deserve condem- 
nation. Bp. Hall. Odiously; hatefully. Dennis. 
li is used indecently for excessively. Congreve. 
DAMNA'TIQN, dam-na'-shfin. n. s. Exclusion from 
divine mercy. Bp. Taylor. Condemnation. Til- 
iotsrm . 
DA'MNATORY, dam'-na-hV-e. 512. a. Containing 

a sentence of condemnation. Water/and. 
DA'MNED, damd, or dam'-ned. part. a. Hateful; 
detestable ; abhorred. Shakspeare. 

JcJrThis word, in familiar language, is scarcely ever fised 
a=< an adjective, and pronounced in one syllable, but by 
the lowest, vulgar, and profane: in serious speaking it 
ought always, like cursed, to bo pronounced in two, 368; 
Tim-; in Shakspeare : 

'• But oh what damned minutes tells bo o'er, 
" Who doats, yet doubts — suspects, yet strongly loves." 

There is a very singular usage of this word, as a verb or' 
participle, when it signifies the condemnation of a play ; 
but this application of it, though authorized by the po- 
litest speakers, has an unhallowed harshness in it to pi- 
ous ears, and an affectation of forco to judicious ones. 
It is, at least, the figure called catachresis. W. 



DAMNI'FICK, dam-nlP-?k\ a. Procuring loss ; mis- 
chievous. 

To DA'MNIFY, dam'-ne-fl. v. a. [daiwijer, Fr.] 
To endamage-, to injure. Spenser. 

DA'MNINGNESS, dam'-ning-nes. n. s. Tendency 
to procure damnation. Hammond. 

©AMP§, damp. a. [damp, damprj. Teut. Dan. and 
Dutch.] Moist; inclining to wet ; foggy. Dry den. 
Dejected; sunk; depressed. Mi'J.on. 

DAM}*, damp. n. s. Fog ; moist air. Milton. A 
noxious vapour exhaled from the earth. Wood- 
ward. Dejection; depression of spirit. Milton. 

To DAMP. damp. v. a. To wet ; to moisten. To de- 
press; lo deject. L' Estrange. To weaken; to 
abate} to discourage. Bacon. To hebetate; to 
abate motion; lo dull. Bacon. 

DA'MPISH*, damp'-ish. a. Moist ; inclining to wet. 
More. 

DA'MPiSHNESS, damp'-lsh-nes. n. s. Tendency to 
moisture. Bacon. 

DA'MPNESS, damp'-nes. n. s. Moisture ; fogginess. 
Dryden. 



DA'MPY, damp'-e. a. Moist : damp. Drayton. De- 
jected; gloomy ; sorrowful. Hayward. 
DA'MSEL, dam'-zel. 102. n.s. [damoiselk, FrJ A 
yoflng gentlewoman. Prior. An attendant of the 
better rank. Dryden. A wench; a country lass. 
Gay. 
DA ViSC's, daW-zu. 170. n.s. A small black plum, 

more bitter than the damascene. Shakspeare. 
DAN, dan. n. s. [from dommns.] The old term of 

honour for men ; as we now say Master. Spenser. 
To DANCE}, danse. 78, 79, v.n. [dunser, Fr.] To 
move in measure ; with steps correspondent to tho 
j sound of instruments. Shakspeare. 
I To DANCE Attendance, danse. ». n. To wait with 
I suppleness and obsequiousness. Raleigh. 
! To DANCE, danse. v. a. To make lo dance. Shak- 
j speare. 
I DANCE, danse. 78,79. n. s. Amotion of one or many 

in concert, regulated by musick. Shakspeare. ■ 
DA NCER, dan'-sftr. n. s. One that practises danc- 
ing. Wotton. 
DA'NCFNG*, dan'-sing. n. s. The act of moving 

with steps correspondent to musick. Donne. 
DA'NCINGMASTER, dan'-sing-ma-stur. n.s. One 

who teaches the art of dancing. Locke. 
DA NCINGSCHOOL, dtW-smg-skool. n.s. The 

school where the art of dancing is taught. Shak. 
DANDELFON. dan-de-li^m. n.s. [dent de lion, F V.] 

The name of a plant. Miller. 
DA'NDIPRAT, daii'-de-prat. n.s. [from a smalt 
coin so called of Henry the seventh's time.] A little 
fellow; an urchin. World of Wonders. 
To DA'NDLES, dan'-dl. 405. v. a. [daudelin, Dutch.] 
To shake a child on the knee, or in the hands, to 
please and quiet him. Isaiah. To fondle ; to treat 
like a child. Shak. To delay; to procrastinate. 
Svenser. 
DA'NDLER, dand'-lur. n.s. He that dandles or 

fondles children. Sherwood. 
DxVNDRUFF, dan'-dritf. n. s. [tan and bjiop.] 

Scabs in the head. 
DANE §*$ dine. n. s. A native of Denmark. Verste- 

gan. 
DA'NEGELD*. it. s. The tribute laid upon the Sax- 
ons of twelve pence upon every hide of land through 
the realm bv the Danes. Burke. 
DANISH ; . da/-«Ish. a. Relatblg to the Danes. 717//- 



D k NFAVORT, dane'-wurt. n. s. A species of elder. 
DANGER}, dane'-iar. 98. n. s. [danger, Fr.] 

PJsk; hazard; peril. Acts. Cuslod}-. Chaucer. 
2'oDA'NGER, dane'-jfir. v. a. To put in hazard; 

to endanger. Shakspeare. 
DA^NGERLESS, danc'-jur-les. a. Without hazard; 

without risk. Sidney. 
DA / NGEROUS.dane / -jar-us.543. a. Full of danger. 

Sidney. 
DANGEROUSLY, dane'-jfir-fls-le. ad. Hazardous- 
ly ; with danger. Shakspeare. 
DA'.NGEROUfSNESS, dane'-jur-us-nes. n. s. Dan- 
ger; peril. Boyle. 
ZbDA'NGLE ^dang'-gl.iOo.r.n. [danglaor dingfa. 
j Swedish.] To hang loose and quivering. Shak. 
i To hang upon any one ; to be an humble follower. 

Swift. 
j DANGLER, dang'-glur. n. s. A man that hang;. 
I about women only to waste time. Ralph. 
I DANK}, dangk. 403. a. [tunc.ken, Germ.] Damp 
| humid; moist; wet.. Shakspeare. 
; DANK*, dank. n. s. Damp. Marston. 
I DA'NKISH, dangk'-ish. a. Somewhat dank. Shak. 
DA'NKISHNESS* dank'-lsh-nes. n.s. Moisture. 
i dampness. Sherwood. 

: To DAP, dap. \ v. n. To let fall gently into the 
I To DAPE. dape. S water. Walton. 
DAP.VTICAL, da-pat'-e-kal. a. [from dapaticus, 

Lai.1 Sumptuous in cheer. Cockeram. 
DA'PIFER*, dap'-e-fur. n. s. [Lat.] One who- 

brings meat to the table ; a sewer. Reece. 
DA'PPEIt §, dap'-pur. 98. a. [dapper, Dut.] Little 
and active; lively without bulk. Miltoji. Pretty j 
neat. Spenser. 

2(U 



DAR 



DAT 



[D= 559.— Fite, far, fall, fat;— me, mei;— pine, pin ;— 



DATPERLING, dap'-pfir-llng. ». s. A dwarf; a 

dandiprat. Ainsworth. 
DA'PPLE$, dap'-pl. 405. a. Marked with various 

colours; variegated. Locke, 
To DAPPLE, dap'-pl. v. a. To streak ; to vary. 

Spenser. 

DAR'Art 8 ' ( "' s * A fish found in lhe SeVern " 

To DARE §, dare. v. n. pret. / durst ; the preterit 
I dared belongs to the active dare; part. / luwe 
dared, [beappan, Sax.] To have courage for any 
pu-nose ; not to be afraid. Shakspeare. 

§y° If I am not mistaken, there is a prevailing pronuncia- 
tion of this word in Ireland, which makes it a perfect 
rhyme to far. bar, &c. That this is contrary to uni- 
versal usage in England, and to the most general rule in 
the language, needs not to be insisted on. The only 
word of a similar form which is so pronounced is the 
first person plural of the verb to be. But this, it must 
be remembered, is an auxiliary verb ; and the auxiliary 
verbs, being as irregular in their pronunciation as in 
their form, are but indifferent models by which to regu- 
late the rest of the language. W. 

To DARE, dare. v. a. pret. 1 dared, not I durst. To 
challenge; to defy. Sliak. To frighten. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

To DARE Larks, dare larks. To catch them by 
means of a looking-glass. Carew. 

DARE, dare. n.s. Defiance; challenge. Slwtkspeare. 

DARE, dare. n. s. A small fish, the same with dace. 
Leuciscus. 

DA'RER* da/-rer. n. s. One who dares or defies. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DA'REFUL, dare'-ful. a. Full of defiance. Shak- 
speare. Ob. J. 

DA'RING, da'-rlng. a. Bold; adventurous. Addi- 
son. 

DA'RINGLY, da'-rmg-le. a. Boldly ; courageously. 
Atlerbury. 

DARINGNESS, da'-rlng-ngs. n. s. Boldness. 

DARK§, dark, a. [beopc, Sax.] Not light; want- 
ing light. Shak. Not of a showy or vivid colour. 
Leviticus. Blind; without the enjoyment of light. 
Dryden. Opaque ; not transparent. Obscure ; not 
perspicuous. Hooker. Ignorant. Derilvam. Gloomy. 
Addison. Secret. Shak. Unclean; foul. Mil- 
ton. 

DARK, dark. n.s. Darkness; obscurity; want of 
light. Shak. Condition of one unknown. Atter- 
bury. Want of knowledge. Locke. A dark place; 
a prison. Mirror for Magistrates. A blot ; a stain. 
Shirley. 

DARK-HOUSE*, dark'-hSus. n. s. Our old word 
for a mad-house. Shalcspeare. 

D ARK- WORKING*, dark'-w&rk'-lng. a. Working 
in a dark or foul manner. Shalcspeare. 

To DARK, dark. v. a. To darken; to obscure. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

To BARKEN, dar'-kn. 405. v. a. To make dark. 
Amos. To cloud; to perplex. Bacon. To foul; 
to sully. Tillotson. 

To DA'RKEN, dar'-kn. v. n. To grow dark. 

BA'RKENER*, dark'-kn-ur. n. s. That which dark- 
ens and confounds. B, Jonson. 

DA'RKISH*, dark'-lsh. a. Dusky; approaching to 
dark. Leviticus. 

DA'RKLING, darkMlng. part. a. Being in the dark ; 
being without light. Shakspeare. 

DA'RKLY, dark'-le.ad. Obscurely ; blindly. 1 Cor. i 

DA'RKNESS, dark'-n<k n.s. Absence of light. 
Genesis. Opaqueness; want of transparency. Ob- 
scurity. Infernal gloom ; wickedness. Shak. Ig- 
norance ; uncertainty. Locke. Secrecy. Johnson. 
The empire of Satan, or the devil. Colossians. 

DA'RKSOME, dark'-sum. a. Gloomy; obscure. 
Spenser. 

DARLING, dar'-llng. 515. a. [beophn^, Sax.] Fa- 
vourite ; dear ; beloved. Watts. 

DA'RLING, dar'-llng. ri. s, A favourite; one much 

beloved. Shakspeare. 
To DARN §, darn. v. a. [beapnanor bypnan, Sax.] 
To mend holes by imitating the texture of the stuff. 
Milton. 



DA'RNEL, dar'-nil. 99. n. s. A weed growing in the 
fields. Shakspeare. 

DA/RNICK*. See Dornick. 

DA'RNING* dar'-nlng. n. s. The act of mending 
holes in apparel. Arbuihnot. 

ToDA'RRAINS, dar'-rln. v. a. To prepare for 
battle ; to range troops for battle. Carew. To ap- 
ply to the fight. Spenser. 

DART §, dart. n. s. [dard, Fr.] A missile weapon 
thrown by the hand. Peacham. [In poetry.] Any 
missile weapon. Milton. 

To DART, dart. v. a. To throw offensively. Dryden. 
To throw ; to emit. Pope. 

To DART, dart. v. n. To fly as a dart. To let fly 
with hostile intention. Shakspeare. 

DA'RTER* dart'-ur. n. s. One who throws a dart. 

To DASH§, dash. v. a. [probably from the sound.] 
To throw or strike any thing suddenly. Bacon. To 
break by collision. Shakspeare. To throw water 
in flashes. Mortimer. To bespatter ; to besprinkle. 
Shak. To agitate any liquid, so as to make the 
surface fly off. Dryden. To mingle ; to adulter- 
ate. Addison. To form or sketch in haste. Pope. 
To obliterate ; to blot. Pope. To confound ; to 
surprise with shame or fear. Milton. 

To DASH, dash. v. n. To fly off the surface, by 
a violent motion. Cheyne. lo fly in flashes with 
a loud noise. Thomson. To rush through wattr 
so as to make it fly. Dryden. To strike, as a ship 
upon a rock. Bp.'Taylor. 

DASH, dash. n. s. Collision. Thomson. Infusion ; 
something worse mingled in a small proportion. 

Gregory. A mark in writing ; a line . 

Brown. Sudden stroke ; blow ; act. Shakspeare. 

DASH, dash. ad. An expression of the sound of water 
dashed. Dryden. 

DA'SHING*, dash'-lng. a. Precipitate; rushing 
carelessly onward. Burke. 

DA'STARD§, das'-iard. 88. n. s. [abartpigan, 
Sax.] A coward ; a poltron. Shakspeare. 

To DASTARD, das'-tard. v. a. To terrify; to in- 
timidate. Dryden. 

IToDA'STARDISE, das'-tar-dlze. v. a. To intimi- 
date ; to deject with cowardice. Howell. 

DA'STARDLINESS*, das'-tard-le-n^s. n. s. Cow- 
ardliness. Bai-ret. 

DASTARDLY, das'-tard-le. a. Cowardly; mean. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

DA'STARDNESS*, das'-tard-nes. n. s. Timorous- 
ness; cowardliness. 

DA'STARDY, das'-tar-de. n. s. Cowardliness; 
timorousness. Archdeacon Arnway. 

DA'TA*, da'-ta. n.s. pi. [Lat.] Truths admitted. 
Delany. See Datum. 

DA TAR Y, da'-tur-e. n. s. [datarius, Lat.] An offi- 
cer of lhe chancery of Rome, through whose hands 
benefices pass; and who affixes to the papal bulls 
Datum Romce. Bp. Bedell. The employment of a 
datary. Howell. 

DATE §, dale. n. s. [datum, Lat.] The time at which 
a letter is written. Shak. The lime at which any 
event happened. Bp. Nicolson. The lime stipu- 
lated when any thingshall be done. Shak. End; 
conclusion. Pope. Duration ; continuance. Den- 
1mm. 

DATE, date. n. s. [from dactylus.] The fruit of the 
date-tree. 

DATE-TREE, date'-tre. n. s. A species of palm. 

To DATE, date. v. a. To note with the time at 
which any thing is written or done. Pope. 

To DATE*, date. v. n. To reckon. Bentley. 

DA'TELESS, dateM^s. a. Without any fixed term. 
Shakspeare. 

DA'TER*, da'-t&r. n. s. One who dates writings. 
Cotgrave. 

DA'TIVE, da'-tiv. 157. a. [dativus, Lat.] [In gram- 
mar.] The epithet of the case that signifies the 
person lo whom any thing is given. [In Taw.] Da- 
tive executors are appointed by the judge's decree. 
Ayliffe. 

DA 1 TUM*, da'-tum. n. s. [Lat.] [plural data.'] A 
truth granted and admitted. Blackstone, 
262 



DAY 



DEA 



-n6, mSve, ncr, not ;— ti\be, tub, bflll 5 — dil ;— p6<ind ; — th'm, this. 



To DAUB $, dawb. 213. v. a. [dabben, DuWb.] To| 
smear with something- adhesive. Exodus. To 
paint coarsely. Otway. To cover with something 
specious or gross, as a disguise. Shak. To lay on I 
any thing' gaudily or ostentatiously. Bacon. To I 
flatter grossly. South. 

To DAUB, dawb. v. n. To play the hypocrite. | 
Shaksjmtre. Ob. J. 

DAUB*, dawb. n. s. Coarse painting. Delany. 

DA UBER, daw'-bur. 98. n. s. One that daubs. 
Mil/on. A coarse, low painter. Dryden. A low 
flatterer. 

DA'UBERY, daw'-be-re. n. s. Any thing artful. 
Shakspeare. 

DAUBING*, daw'-bfng. n. s. Plaster ; mortar. Eze- 
kiel. Any thing adhesive. Bp. Taylor. 

DA'UBY, daw'-be. a. Viscous ; glutinous. Dryden. 

DA'UGHTER §, daw'-tur. 218. n s. [bohfcep, Sax.] 
The. female offspring of a man or woman. Shak. 
A daughter-in-law, or son's wife. A woman. 
Gaiesis. [In poetry.] Any descendant. Milton. 
The female penitent of a confessor. Sha/cspeare. 

DA'UGHTERLINESS*, daw'-tfir-le-nes. n. s. The 
state of a daughter. More. 

DAUGHTERLY*, daw'-t&r-le. a. Like a daugh- 
ter ; dutiful. Cavendish. 

To DAUNT $, dant. 214. v. n. [domter, Fr.] To dis- 
courage ; to fright. Milton. 

DAUNTLESS, dantMes. a. Fearless; not dejected. 
Siuxkspeare. 

DA'UNTLESSNESS, dantMes-nes. n. s. Fearless- 
ness. 

DA'UPHIN §*, daw'-f?n. n. s. [duulphin, Fr.] The 
heir apparent to the crown of France. Shakspeare. 

DA'UPHINESS*, daw'-f'Ju-es. n. s. The wife or 
widow of the dauphin of France. Burke. 

DA'VIDISTS*, da'-vld-'ists. ) 

DA'VID-GEORGIANS*, da'-v?d-j6r'-je-anz. \ n ' S ' 
A sect so called from David George, who, early in 
the sixteenth century, blasphemously gave out that 
he was the Messiah, rejected marriage, and denied 
the resurrection. Pagitt. 

DA'VIT*, da'-vlt. n.s. [duvied, Fr.] A short piece of 
timber used in managing the anchor. 

DA\V§, daw. n. s. A bird. Shakspeare. 

To DAW*, daw. v. n. [baXian, Sax.] To advance 
towards day ; to dawn. Drayton. 

To DA'WDLE*, daw'-dl. v.n. To waste time; to 
trifle. Johnson. 

DA'WDLE*. daw'-dl. > n. s. A trifler; a dal- 

DA'WDLER*, daw'-dl&r. ] lier. 

DA'WISH*, daw'-?sh. a. Like a daw. Bale. 

DAWK §, dawk. n. s. A cant word among the work- 
men for a hollow, rupture, or incision, in their stuff. 
Moxon. 

To DAWK, dawk. v. a. To mark with an incision. 
Moxon. 

To DAWN §, dawn. v. n. [baftian, Sax.] To grow 
luminous; to begin togrow light. Sliak. To glimmer 
obscurely. Locke. To begin, yet faintly. Dryden 

DAWN, dawn. n. s. The time between the first ap- 
pearance of light and the sun's rise. Dryden. Be- 
f inning ; first rise. Pope. 
'WNING*, daw'-nlng. n. s. Break of day. Chau- 
cer. 

DAY§, da. 220. n.s. [bae£, or ba£, Sax.] The time 
between the rising and setting of the sun, called 
the artificial day. St. Mattfiew. The time from 
noon to noon, or from midnight to midnight, called 
the natural day. Slwk. Light; sunshine. Ro- 
mans. Any time specified and distinguished from 
other time ; an age ; the time." Spenser. Time or 
season in general. Isaiah. Life : in this sense it is 
commonly plural. Carte. The day of contest ; the 
battle. Roscommon. An appointed or fixed time. 
Dryden. A day appointed for some commemora- 
tion. Shak. — From, day to day. Without certainty 
or continuance. Bacon. 
TO-DAY. On this day. Psalm. 
DA'YBED, da-bed. n.s. Abed used for idleness 

and luxury in the daytime. Sliakspeare. 
DA'YBOOK, da'-b66k. n.s. A tradesman's journal. 



DA'YBREAK, da'-brake. n. s. The dawn; the first 

appearance of light. Dryden. 
DA YDREAM*, da'-dreme. n. s. A vision or phan 

tasm to the waking senses. Dryden. 
DA'YLABOUR, da'-la-bfir. n. s Labour by the 

day. Milton. 
DAYLA'BOURER, da-la'-b&r-fr. n. s. One that 

works by the day. Milton. 
DA'YLIGHT, da'-llte. n.s. The light of the day 

Spenser. 
DA'YLILY, da'-le-le. [da-lll'-e, Sheridan.] n. s. The 

same with asphodel. 
DA'YSMAN, daze' -man. n. s. Umpire, or judge. 

Spenser. Job. 
DA'YSPRING, da'-sprmg. n. s. The rise of the day ; 

the dawn. Job. 
DA'YSTAR, da'-star. n. s. The morning star. 2 Pet. 
DA'YTIME, da'-tlme. n. s. The time in which there 

is light. Bacon. 
DAYWE'ARIED*, da-we'-rfd. a. Weary with the 

work of a day. Shakspeare. 
DA'YWOMAN*, da'-wum-fin. n. s. A dairymaid. 

Shakspeare. 
DA'YWORK, da'-w&rk. n. s. Work imposed by the 

day. Fairfax. 
To DAZE t, daze. ?\ a. [bpser-, Sax.] To overpower 

with light. Fairfax. 
DAZIED. See Daisied. 
I'oDA'ZZLE?, daz'-zl. 405. v. a. To overpower 

with light. Bacon. To strike or surprise with splen- 
dour. Milton. 
To DA'ZZLE, daz'-zl. v. n. To be overpowered 

with light; to lose the power of sight. Shakspeare. 
DA'ZZLEMENT*, daz'-zl-ment. n. s. The power 

of dazzling. Donne. 
DA'ZZLINGLY*, daz'-l?ng-le. ad. In a manner 

striking with splendour or surprise. Mirror for 

Magistrates. 
DE'ACQN§, de'-kn. 170, 227. n. s. [diaconus, 

Lat.] One of the lowest of the three orders of the 

clergy. 2 Tim. In Scotland : an overseer of the 

poor. And also the master of an incorporated 

company. 
DE'ACONESS, de'-kn-es. n. s. A female officer 

in the ancient church. Bp. Patrick. 
DF/ACONRY, de'-kn-re. ) n. s. The office of a 
DE'ACONSHIP, de'-kn-sMp. \ deacon. Hooker. 
DEAD §, ded. 234. a. [beab, Sax.] Deprived of life. 

Shak. Inanimate. Pope. Inanimate by nature. 

Spenser. Imitating death ; senseless. Psalm. Un- 

active ; motionless. Careio. Empty; vacant. Bacon. 

Useless ; unprofitable. Bacon. Dull ; gloomy ; 

unemployed. Knolles. Still; obscure. Hayward. 

Having no resemblance of life. Dnjden. Obtuse ; 

dull ; not sprightly. Boiile. Dull ; frigid. Addison. 

Tasteless ; vapid : used of liquors. Uninhabited. 

Arbulhnot. Without the natural force or efficacy; 

as, a dead fire. Without the power of vegetation ; 

as, a dead bough. The stale of spiritual death, 

lying under the power of sin. Epnes. Unvaried. 

Bacon,. 
Tlh DEAD, d£d. n. s. Dead men. Dnjden. 
DEAD, d£d. n. s. Time in which there is remarkable 

stillness or gloom. South. 
To DEAD, ded. v. n. To lose force, of whatever 

kind. Bacon. 
To DEAD, ded. )v.a. To deprive of 

To DE'ADEN, d§d'-dn. 405. S any kind of force or 

sensation. Bacon. To make vapid, or spiritless. 

Bacon. 
DEAD DOING, d£d'-do-?ng. part. a. Destructive ; 

killing; mischievous. Spenser. 
DEAD-DRUNK*, dgd-dr&nk. po*t. a. So drunk as 

to be motionless. Davies. 
DEAD-HEARTED*, ded'-hart'-ed. a. Having a 

faint heart. Bp. Hall. 
DEAD-HEARTEDNESS*, ded'-harl'-ed-nes. n. s. 

Pusillanimity. Bp. Hall. 
DEAD-KILLING*, ded'-k!l'-llng. part. a. Instantly 

killing. Shakspeare. 
DEAD-LIFT, ded-M'. n. s. Hopeless exigence. 

Hudibras. 

263 



DEA 



DEB 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;-me, met 3— pine, pin 5— 



DEAD-RECKONING, dgd'-rek'-nmg. «. s. That 
estimation or conjecture which the seamen make of 
the place where a ship is, by keeping an account 
of her way by the log. 

DEAD-STRUCK*', ded'-struk. part. a. Confound- 
ed ; struck with horrour. Bp. Hall. 
To DE'ADEN. See To Dead. 

DE'ADISH*, ded'-lsh. a. Resembling- what is dead ; 
dull. Stafford. 

DE'ADLIHOOD*, ded'-le-hud. re. s. The stale of 
the dead. Pearson. 

DE'ADLINESS*, ded'-le-nes. re. s. Danger. Bp. 
Hall. 

DEADLY, ded'-le. a. [beablie, Sax.] Destructive 3 
mortal. Sliak. Mortal 5 implacable. 1 Mace. 

DE'ADLY, ded'-le. ad. In a manner resembling the 
dead. Shak. Mortally. Ezekiel. Implacably 3 ir- 
reconcilably. 

DE'ADNESS, ded'-nCs. re. s. Frigidity 5 want of 
warmth. Rogers. Weakness of the vital powers. 
Rom. Vapidness of liquors. Mortimer. Loss of 
life. Fuller. Want of circulation ; inactivity. 
Killino'beck. 

DE'ADNETTLE, dSd'-net'-tl. n, s. A weed. 

DEAF§, def. 234. a. [bear:, Sax.] Wanting the 
sense of hearing. Shak. Deprived of the power of 
hearing. Dryden. Obscurely heard. She/ton. Un- 
profitable. — A deafmit is a nut of which the kernel 
is decayed. Grose. 

To DEAF, def. v. a. To deprive of the power of 
hearing. Donne. 

DE'AFELY*, a. Lonely 3 solitary 3 far from neigh- 
bours. 

To DE'AFEN, def-fn. 405. v. a. To deprive of the 
power of hearing. Dryden. 

DE'AFLY, def-le. ad. Without sense of sounds. Ob- 
scurely to the ear. 

DE'AFNESS, def-nes. re. s. Want of the power of 
hearing. Holder. Unwillingness to hear. King 
Charles. 

DEAL^, dele. 227. n. s. [bsel, Sax;] Part. &$odus. 
Quantity 5 degree of, more or less. Hooker. [From 
the verb to deal.] The art or practice of dealing 
cards. Swift, [deyl, Dutch.] Firwood 3 or the wood 
of pines. Boyle. 

To DEAL, dele. v. a. [baelan, Sax.] To distribute. 
Isaiah. To scatter; to throw about. Dryden. To 
give gradually. Gay. To distribute the cards. 

To DEAL, dele. v. n. To traffick ; to transact busi- 
ness. Bacon. To act between two persons 3 to in- 
tervene. Bacon. To behave well or ill in any 
transaction. Tillotson. To act in any manner. 
Shakspeare. 

To DEAL by. To treat well or ill. Locke. 

To DEAL in. To be engaged in ; to practise. Bacon. 

To DEAL with. To treat in any manner. Spenser. 

To DEAL with. To contend with. Sidney. 

To DEA'LBATE $, de-al'-bate.r. a. [dedlho, Lai.] 
To whiten; to bleach. Cockeram. 

DEALBA'TION, de-dl-ba'-shun. n. s. The act of 
bleaching or whitening. Brown. 

DE'ALER, de'-lfir. 98. n. s. One that has to do with 
any thing. Swift. A trader or trafficker. Isaiah. 
A person who deals the cards. 

DE'ALING, de'-llng. n.s. Practice; action. Hooker. 
Intercourse. Addison. Measure of treatment. Ham- 
mond. Traffick ; business. Swift. 

ToDEA'MBULATE§*,de-am'-bu-late. v n. [deam- 
bulo, Lat.] To walk abroad. Cockeram. 

DEAMBULA'TION, de-am-bu-la'-shun. n. s. The 
act of walking abroad. Sir T. Elyot. 

DEA'MBULATORY, de-am'-bu-la-tfir-e. a. Relat- 
ing to the practice of walking abroad. Bp. Morton. 

DEA'MBULATORY*, de-am'-bu-la-tur-e. n. s. A 
place to walk in. Warton. 

DEAN§, dene. 227. n. s. [dean, old Fr.] The second 
dignitary of a diocess. Cowel. The name of an 
officer in each college, both in Oxford and Cam- 
bridge. T. Warton. 

DE'ANERY, de'-nu:-re. 98. re. s. The office of a 
dean. Clarendon. The revenue of a dean. Swift. 
The house of a dean. Slmkspeare. 



DE'ANSHIP, dene'-shfp. re. s. The office of a dean. 
Warton. 

DEARS, dere. 227. a. [beop, Sax.] Beloved 3 fa- 
vourite 3 darling. Shak. Valuable ; of a high price. 
Pope. Scarce ; not plentiful 3 sad ; hateful ; griev- 
ous. Shakspeare. 

To DEAR*, dere. v. a. To make dear. Shelton. 

DEAR, dere. n. s. A word of endearment ; darling. 
Shakspeare. 

DE'ARBOUGHT, dere'-bawt. a. Purchased at a 
high price. Milton. 

DE'ARLING, dere'-llng. re. 5. Favourite. Spenser. 

DE ARLOVED* dere'-lfiv'd. a. Much loved. Shak. 

DE'ARLY, dere'-le. a. With great fondness. Wot- 
ton. At a high price. Bacon. 

To DEARN, darn. v. a. [bypman, Sax.] To mend 
clothes. See Darn. 

DEARN*, dern. a. [beopn, Sax.] Lonely 3 melan- 
choly. Shakspeare. 

DE'ARNESS, dere'-nes. re. s. Fondness ; kindness 3 
love. Shakspeare. Scarcity ; high price. Swift. 

DE'ARNLY, dern'-le. ad. Secretly 3 privately; 
mournfully. Spenser. Ob. J. 

DEARTH, dSrf/i. 234. re. s. Scarcity which makes 
food dear. Bacon. Want; need; famine. Sliak. 
Barrenness ; sterilitv. Dryden. 

To DEARTl'CULATE, de-ar-fik'-u-late. v. a. [de 

to dismember. 



Lat.] To disjoint 

A phrase of connubial life ; 



A near approach 



and articulus 
Diet. 

DE'ARY* dere'-e. re. 
a child. A. Hill. 

DEATHS, def/i. 234. v.s. [beaS, Sax.] The extinc- 
tion of life. Heb. Mortality ; destruction. Shak. 
The state of the dead. Shak. The manner of dy- 
ing. Ezekiel. The image of mortality represented 
by a skeleton. Shak. Murder. Bacon. Cause of 
death. 2 Kings. Destroyer. Broome. [In poetry.] 
The instrument of death. Dryden. Damnation ; 
eternal torments. Church Catechism. 

DEATH-BED, deW-bed. re. s. The bed to which 
a man is confined by mortal sickness. Shakspeai-e. 

DEATH-BODING*, dei/i.'-b6-dlng. part. a. Por 
tending death. Shakspeare. 

DEATH-DARTING*, detft'-dart'-mg. part. a. In- 
flicting death, as it were, with a dart. Shakspeare. 

DEATHFUL, deW-ful. a. Full of slaughter; de- 
structive. Sidney. 

DE ATHFULNESS*, deVV-fubnOs. nil. Appear- 
ance of death. Bp. Taylor. 

DE ' ATHLESS, deV/i'-les. a. Immortal ; never-dying; 
everlasting. Boyle. 

DE'ATHLIKE, d&h'-Wkc. a. Resembling death. 
Crashaw. 

DEATH'S-DOOR, de/!/i's-d6re' 
to death. Bp. Taylor. 

DE'ATHSMAN, d&/is'-man. 88. n. s. Executioner ; 
hangman. Shakspeare. 

DEATH-SHADOWED*, de^'-shad'^do'd. a. En- 
compassed by the shades of death. More. 

DEATH-TOKEN*, deY/t'-t^-kn. n.s. That which 
signifies approaching death. Shakspeare. 

DE'ATHWARD*, deW-ward. ad. Toward death. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DE'ATHWATCH, deW-w6tsh. re. s. An insect that 
makes a tinkling noise like that of a watch, and is 
imagined to prognosticate death. Gay. 

To DEA'URATE§, de-aw'-rate. v. a. [c&auro, Lat.] 
To gild, or cover with gold. Diet. 

DEA'URATE*, de-aw'-rate. a. Gilded. Bullokar. 

DEAURA'TION, de-aw-ra'-sho.n. u. s. The act of 
gilding. 

To DEBA'CCHATES*, de-b&k'-kate. v.n. [debac- 
chor, Lat.] To rage or roar, after the manner of 
drunkards. Cockeram. 

DEBACCHA'TION, de-bak-ka'-shim. n. s. A ra- 
ging ; a madness. Diet. 

To DEBA'R, de-bar', v. a. To exclude 5 to hinder. 
Raleigh. 

To DEBA'RB, de-barb', v. a, [de and barba ; Lat.] 
To deprive of the beard. Diet. 

To DEBA'RKS, de-bark', v. a. [debarq?ier Fr] To 
disembark. Diet. 

204 



DEB 



DEC 



-n6, mdve, n6V, n6t ;— tube, tfib, bull ; — oil ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



DEBARKATION*, de-bar-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of disembarking. 

^o DEB A'SE$, de-base'. u.a. [de&w, old Fr.] To 
reduce from a higher to a lower state. Broome. To 
make mean ; to degrade. Hooker. To sink ; to vi- 
tiate with meanness. Addison. To adulterate. 
Hale. 

DEBASEMENT, de-base'-ment. n. s. The act of 
debasing or degrading - . Government of the Tongue. 

DEBA'SER, de-ba'-sfir. 98. n. s. He that debases. 
Sherwood. 

DEBATABLE, de-bate'-a-bl. a. Disputable. Hay- 
voewd. 

DEBATES, de-bate', n. s. [debat, Fr.] A personal 
dispute ; a controversy. Locke. A quarrel 5 a con- 
test. Slutkspeare. 

To DEBATE, de-bate'. t>. a. To controvert 5 to dis- 
pute. Proverbs. To dispute ; to contend for. Dry- 
den. 

To DEBATE, de-bate', v. n. To deliberate. Sliak. 
To dispute. Taller. To engage in combat. Spenser. 

DEBA'TEFUL, de-baie'-ful. a. [Of persons.] Quar- 
relsome ; contentious. Huloet. [Of things.] Con- 
tested ; occasioning quarrels. Spenser. 
DEBATEFULLY*, de-bate'-ful-le. ad. In a con- 
tentious manner. Sherwood. 
DEBATEMENT, de-bate'-ment. n. s. Controversy 5 



deliberation. Sha/c. Battle; combat. Si 



penser. 

DEBATER, de-ba'-tfir. 98.' n s. A disputant 5 a 

controvertist. Lord Chesterfield. 
To DEBA'UCH§ ; de-bawt_sh'. 213. v. a. [desbaucher, 
Fr.] To corrupt ; to vitiate. Florio. To corrupt 
with lewdness. Shqk. To corrupt by intemper- 
ance. Tillotson. 

DEBA'UCH, de-bawtsh'. n. s. A fit of intemperance. 
Calamy. Luxury ; excess ; lewdness. Dn/den. 

DEBA'UCHEDLY*, de-bawtsh'-Sd-le. ad. In a 
profligate and licentious manner. Cowley. 

DEBA'UCHEDNESS* de-bawtsh'-ed-nSs. n.s. In- 
temperance. Bp. Hall. 

DEBAUCHE'E, deb-6-shee'. n.s. A lecher; a 
drunkard. South. 

DEBA'UCHER. de-bawtsh'-fir. n.s. One who se- 
duces others to intemperance. Blackwall. 

DEBA'UCHERY, de-bawtsh'-fir-re. n.s. The prac- 
tice of excess ; intemperance ; lewdness. Sprat. 

DEBA'UCHMENT, de-bawtsh'-menl. n. s. Corrup- 
tion. Bp. To.vl.or. 

DEBA'UCHNESS*, de-bawtsh'-ngs. ) n.s. Excess. 

DEBA'UCHTNESS*,de-bawtsht'-nes. } Archdeacon 
Arnway. 

To DEBE'LS, de-bel'. )v. a. [debello, 

To DEBE'LLATE§, de-beT-late. } Lat.]Tocon 
quer. Bacon. Ob. J. 

DEBELLATION, dgb-bel-Ia'-shun. n. s. The act 
of conquering in war. Sir T. More. 

DEBENTURES, de-ben'-tshure. n. s. [debeniur, 
Lat. from debeoi] A writ or note, by which a debt 
is claimed. Bacon. [In commerce.] Allowance of 
custom to a merchant on the exportation of goods, 
which had before paid a duty. 

DEBE'NTURED Goods*. Such goods as are en- 
titled to debenture. 

DE BILE, deV-U. 140, 14-5. a. [debilis, Lat.] Weak; 
feeble. Shakspeare. 

To DEBI'LITATE §, de-bll'-e-late. v. a. [debilito, 
Lat.] To weaken ; to make faint. Broicn. 

DEBILITATION, de-bu-e-ti'-shun. n.s. The act 
of weakening. K. Charles. 

DEBI'LITY, de-bn'-e-te. n.s. Weakness; feeble- 
ness ; languor. Sidney. 

DE'BIT §*. deb'-it. n. s. [debit, Fr.] Money due for 
goods sold on credit. Burke. 

To DE'BIT*, deV-lt. 7:. a. To enter in a book the 
names of those to whom goods are sold on credit, 
and the amount. 

DE'BITOR*, deb'-c-tfir. n.s. Debtor. Slw.kspe.are. 



To DEBOI'SE*, de-bdis'. 
To DEBOI'SH*, de-b6?sh'. 
To DEBOI'ST*, de-bdrst'. 
To DEBO'SH*, de-b&sh'. 
R. Williams. 

34 



:. a. To disgrace or 
corrupt by intemper- 
ance. Donne. To cor- 
rupt; to seduce. Sir 



DEBOI'SE*, de-b6ls'. n. s. One given to intemper- 
ance. Butler. 

DEBONA'IR$, deb-6-nare'. a. [debonimire, Fr.] El- 
egant ; civil ; well-bred. Spenser 

DEBONA'IRITY*, d£b-6-nare'-e-le. n.s. Gracious- 
ness ; gentleness ; elegance of manners. Donne. 

DEBONA'IRLY, deb-6-nare'-le. ad. Elegantly; 
with a genteel air. Huloet. 

DEBONAIRNESS*, dSb-o-nare'-nSs. n.s. Civility; 
complaisance. Steme. 

To DEBO'UCH*. v. n. [deboucher, Fr.] To march 
out of a wood, or a narrow pass, in order to meet or 
retire from an enemy. 

DEBT vS det. 347. n.s. [debilum, Lat.] That which 
one man owes to another. Bacon. That which j 
any one is obliged to do or sutler. Shakspeare. A 

DE'BTLESS*, det'-les. a. Without debt ; free from 
debt. Chaucer. 

DE'BTED, def-led. part. Indebted; obliged to. 
Shakspeare. 

DE'BTOR, det'-tur. 98. n. s. He that owes some- 
thing to another. Rom. One that owes money. 
Shale. One side of an account book. Addison. 

DEBULLITION, deb-fil-fish'-fin. n. s. A bubbling 

or seething over. Diet. 
DEB U< T», de-bu'. n. s. [Fr.] A very modern ex- 
pression, denoting the commencement or opening 
of a discourse, or any design. 
DE'CACHORD*, dek'-a-kdrd. \ n.s. [Sha 



DECHACHO / RDON*,dek-a-k6r'-d6n. 



and 



x°c 



<?>/•] A musical instrument of the ancients, having 
ten strings ; figuratively, that which has ten parts. 
Watson. 
DECACU'MINATED, de-ka-ku'-me-na-ted. a. [de- 
cacuminatus, Lat.] Having the top or point cut off. 
Diet. 
DE'CADE, dek'-ad. 529. n. s. [6Ua.] The sum of 

ten ; a number containing ten. Broicn. 
DE'CADENCY, de-ka'-den-se. n. s. Decay ; fall. 

Swinburne. 
DE'CAGON, dek'-a-gon. 503. n. s. [oha and yuna.] 
A plain figure in geometry, having ten sides and 
angles. 
DECA'LOGIST*, de-kal'-o-jlst. ?i.s. An expesitor 

of the ten commandments. Gregory. 
DE'CALOGUE§, d£k'-a-16g. 338. n. s. [deica\oyos.] 
The ten commandments given by God to Moses. 
Hammond. 
To DECA'MP^, de-kamp'. v. n. [decamper, Fr.] To 

shift the camp ; to move off. Tatler. 
DECA'MPMENT, de-kamp'-ment. n. s. Shifting the 

camp. 
DECA'NAL*, de-ka'-nal. a. [decanus, Lat.] Pertain 

ing to the deanerv of a cathedral. Churion. 
To DECA'NTS, cfe-kant'. v. a. [deco.ntare, Ital.] To 

pour off gently by inclination. Wotlon. 
DECANT ATION, dek-an-ta'-shftn. n. s. Decant- 
ing or pouring off clear. 
DECA'NTER, de-kan'-tfir. 98. n. s. A glass vessel 

for receiving liquor clear from the lees. 
To DECA'PlTATE §, de-kap'-e-taie. v. a. [decapdto, 

Lat.] To behead. Evelyn. 
DECAPITATION*, de-kap-e-ta'-shun. n.s. Be 

heading. Archdeacon Arnicay. 
DE CASTICH*, dek'-a-stlk. n. s. [oiica and gtikos.] 

A poem often lines. Hoicell. 
DE'CASTYLE*. dek'-a-stlle. n.s. [vita and crrvXos.] 

[In architecture.] An assemblage often pillars. 
To DEC A'Y§, de-"ka'. 220. v.n. [decheoir, Fr.] To 
lose excellence ; to decline from the state of perfec- 
tion. Dry den. 
To DECA'Y, de-ka'. v. a. To impair ; to bring to 

decav- Shakspeare. 
DECA'Y, de-ka'. n. s. Decline from the state of per- 
fection ; state of diminution. Shak. The effects of 
diminution ; the marks of decay. Locke. Declen- 
sion from prosperity. Leviticus. The cause of de- 
cline. Bacon. 
DECA'YEDNESS*, de-ka'-ed-nSs. n.s. Diminution 

or depravation. Whole Duly of Man. 
DECA'YER, de-ka' -fir. 98. n. s. That which causes 
decay. Shakspeare. 

3 265 






DEC 



DEC 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat^ine, mel;— pine, pin *— 



DECAYING*, de-ka'-fng. n.s. Decline "from the* 

state of perfection. Massinger. 
DECEASE $, de-sese'. 227. n. s. [decessus, Lat.] 

Death : departure from life. Hooker. 
To DECEASE, de-s<W. v. n. To die. Shakspeare. 
DECEIT $,de-sete'. 250. n.s. [decepte, o\c\Fr.] Fraud 5 

a cheat. Job. Stratagem ; artifice. Shakspeart. 
DECEITFUL, de-sete'-ful. a. Fraudulent; full of 

deceit. Psalm. 
DECEITFULLY, de-sete'-ful-le. ad. Fraudulently; 

with deceit. Wotton. 
DECETTFULNESS, de-sete'-ful-nes. n. s. The 

quality of being fraudulent. St. Matthew. 
DECE'lTLESS*, de-sete'-le's. a. Without deceit. 

Bp. Hall. 
DECE'IVABLE, de-se'-va-bl. a. Subject to fraud. 

Brown. Subject to produce errour ; deceitful. 

Bacon. 
DECE'IVABLENESS, de-se'-va-bl-nes. n. s. Lia- 

bleness to be deceived, or to deceiVe. 2 Thessalo- 

nians. 
To DECETVE §, de-seve'. 250. v. a. [dtcevoir, old 

Fr.] To cause to mistake. Locke. To delude by 

stratagem. To cut off from expectation. Knolks. 

To mock; to fail. Dry den. To deprive by fraud 

or stealth. Bacon. 
DECE'I VER, de-se'-vur. n. s. One that leads anoth- 



er into errour ; a cheat. Shakspeare. 
DECEIVING*, de-se'-vlng. n.s. The 

n. s. [Lat.] The last 

[decempcda, 



act of cheat- 
ing. 2 Peter, 
DECE'MBER, de-sem'-bur. 

month of the year. Shakspeare 
DECE'MPEDAL, de-sem'-pe-dal 

LatJ Ten feet in length. Diet. 
DECE'MVIRAL*, de-sem'-ve-ral. a. Belonging to a 

decemvirate, or office often governours. Wotton. 
DECE'MVIRATE, de-sem'-ve-rate. 91. n. s. The 
dignity and office of the ten governours of Rome. 
Any body often men. Shelf ord. 
DECE'M VIRI*, de-sem'-ve-rl. n. s. [Lat.] The 

ten governours of Rome. Kennet. 
$5= This word is anglicised into decemvirs, the plural of 

decemvir. W. 
DE'CENCE §, de'-sense. ) n. s. [decence, Fr.] Pro- 
DE'CENCY^, de'-sen-se. \ priety of form ; proper 
formality ; becoming ceremony. Milton. Suitable- 
ness to character ; propriety. Dryden. Modesty ; 
not ribaldry. Roscommon. Decence is seldom used. 
DECE'NNIAL, de-sen'-ne'al. 113. a. [decennium, 
Lat.] What continues for the space of ten years. 
Bultokar. 
DECENNQ'VAL, de-s&i-ni'-val. ) a. [decern 

DECENNO'VARY, de-s£n-n6'-va-re. $ and novem, 

Lat.] Relating to the number nineteen. Holder. 
DE'CENT, de'-sent. a. Becoming; fit; suitable. 
Dnjden. Grave ; not gaudy. Milton. Not wanton ; 
not immodest. 
DE'CENTLY, de'-sent-le. ad. In a proper manner. 

1 Cor. Without immodesty. Dryden. 
DE'CENTNESS*, de'-sent-nes. n. s. Becoming cer- 
emony ; due formality. Hunting of Purgatory . 
DECEPTIBFLITY, de-sep-te-bll'-e-te. n. s. Lia- 

bleness to be deceived. Glanville. 
DECE'PTIBLE, de-sep'-te-bl. 405. a. Liable to be 

deceived. Brown. 
DECEPTION, de-sep'-slmn. n. s. [deceptio, Lat.] 
The act or means of deceiving ; cheat ; fraud. 
Brovm. The state of being deceived. Milton. 
DECE'PTIOUS, de-sep'-shus. 314. a. Deceitful. 

Shakspeare. 
DECEPTIVE, de-sepMlv. 157. a. Having the pow- 
er of deceiving. Cotgrave. 
DECETTORY, deV-ep-tfir-t;. [See Receptory.] 

a. Containing means of deceit. Diet . 
To DECE'RN*, de-zern'. v. a. [decerno, Lat.] To 

judge ; to estimate. Abp. Cranmer. 
DECE'RPT§, de-serpt'. a. [decerptus, Lat.] Crop- 
ped ; taken off. Diet. 
DECE'RPTIBLE, de-serp'-te-bl. a. That may be 

taken off. Diet. 
DECE'RPTION, de-serp'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
cropping, or taking off. Glanville. 



DECERTATION, de-sgr-uV-sh&n. n. s. [decertatio, 

LatJ A contention ; a dispute. Diet. 
DECE'SSION, de-sesh'-un. n.s. [decessio, Lat.] A 
departure ; going away. Scott. 

To DEgHA'RM, de-tsharm'. v. a. [decluxrmer, Fr.] 

To counteract a charm; to disenchant. Harvey. 
DECFDABLE*, de-sl'-da-bl. a. Capable of being 
determined. Jones. 

To DECFDEi de-side'. $. a. [decido, Lat.] To fix 
the event of; to determine. Dryden. 

To DECFDE,d£-slde / . v.n. To determine. Glanville. 
DECFDEDLY*, de-sl'-ded-le. ad. In a determined 
manner. Burgess. 

DE'CIDENCE, deV-e-dense. 503. n.s. The quality 
of being shed, or of falling off. The act of falling 
away. Broivn. 

DECFDER, de-sV-d&r. 98. n. s. One who deter- 
mines causes. Watts. One who determines quar- 
rels. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DECFDUOUS§, de-sid'-u-us, or de-sid'-ju-os. 293. 
a. [deciduus, Lat.] Falling; not perennial. Quincy. 

DECFDUOUSNESS, de-sid'-u-us-nes. n. s. Aptness 
to fall. Did. 

DECIMAL, deV-e-mal. a. Numbered by ten; multi- 
plied by ten. Locke. 

To DE'CIMATE §, deV-e-mate. 91. v.a. [decimus, 
Lat.] To tithe ; to take the tenth. To select by 
lot every tenth soldier, in a general mutiny, for 
punishment. Wotton. 

DECIMATION, dgs-se-ma'-shum n. s. A tithing 
Hammond. A selection by lot. of every tenth sol- 
dier for punishment. Shakspeare. 

DE'CIMATOR*, deV-e-ma-t&r. n. s. One who se- 
lects every tenth person for punishment. South. 

DE'CIMO-SEXTO*, deV-e-n^-seks'-to. n. s. 
[Lat.] A book is said to be in decimo-seodo, when 
a sheet is folded into sixteen leaves. Bp. Taylor. 

ToDECFPHER§, de-sl'-f&r. v.a. [dechiftrer, Fr.] 
To explain that which is written in ciphers. Sid- 
ney. To write out ; to mark down in characters. 
South. To stamp ; to characterize ; to mark. 
Shakspeare. To unfold ; to unravel. 

DECIPHERER, de-slMur-ur. n. s. One who ex- 
plains writings in cipher. B. Jonson. 

DECFSION$, de-skh'-un. n.s. [decision, old Fr.] 
Determination of a difference or of a doubt. Sliak. 
Determination of an event. Dryden. 

DECFSION*, de-slzh'-un. n. s. The act of separa- 
tion ; division. Pearson. 

DECFSIVE, de-sl'-slv. 158,428. a. Having the pow- 
er of determining; conclusive. Atterbury. Having 
the power of settling any event. Philips. 

DECISIVELY, de-sl'-sfy-le. ad. In a conclusive 
manner. Lord Chesterfield. 

DECFS1VENESS> de-sl'-sfv-nes. n. s. The powe. 
of argument or evidence to terminate any differ- 
ence. 

DECFSORY, de-sl'-so-re. 429, 557. a. Able to de- 
termine. Shenoood. 

To DECK§, dek. v. a. [becan, Sax.] To cover; to 
overspread. Shak. To dress ; to array. Hosea. 
To adorn; to embellish. Speriser. 

DECK, d£k. n.s. The floor of a ship. B. Jonson. 
Pack of cards piled regularly on each other. Grew. 

DE'CKER, deV-kfir. n.s. A dresser; a coverer: as. 
a table-decker. Sherwood. Spoken of a ship : as, 
a two-decker ; that is, having two decks. 

DE'CKING*, dSk'-ing. n. s. Ornament. Homilies. 

To DECLAIM §, de-klame'. v. n. [declamo, Lat.] 
To harangue ; to speak to the passions ; to speak 
set orations. B. Jonson. 
To DECLAIM*, de-klame'. v. a. To advocate; to 
speak in favour of. South. 

DECLA1MER, de-kla'-mfir. n. s. One who makes 
speeches with intent to move the passions. Fotherby. 

DECLAIMING*, de-kla'-mlng. n. s. An harangue j 
an appeal to the passions. Bp. Taylor. 

DECLAMATION, dgk-la-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. A 
discourse addressed to the passions. Hooker. 

DE'CLAMATOR, dSk-la-ma'-tfir. 521. n. s. A de- 
claimed Sir T. Elyot. 

DECLAMATORY, de-klam'-ma-tflr-e. 512. a. Re 
266 







DEC 



DEC 



-n6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub. biMl ; — fill ; — p6und; — thin, ruis. 



lating to the practice of declaiming. Wotton. Aj> 
pealin? to the passions. Dryden. 

DECLARABLE, de-kla'-ra-bl. a. Capable of proof. 
Broicn. 

DECLARA TION. dek-kla-ra -sbfin. 589. 

proclamation or affirmation. Honker. An explana- 
tion of something- doubtful. [In law.] The showing 
forth, or laving out, of an action personal in any 
suit. Cotee'l. 

DECLARATIVE*, de-klar'-a-dv. 157. a. Makinff 



preparation made by boiling water. Arbuth 

not. 
DECCCTfJKB, de-k6k -tslu'ire. 461. n.s. A sub- 

stance drawn by <lecoction. 
To DECOLLATE** de-kol'-late. r.a. \decoUo 

Lat.] To behead. Burke. 

►LLA TION. dek-kol-la -shun, n, 5. The act 

of beheading'. Broicn. 
DECOLOR A TION-. de-kul-ur-a'-shun. n.s. [de- 

mbratio, Lat.] Absence of colour. Ferrand. 



declaration; explanatory. Gnir. I To DECOJfPd SE ;*. de-kom-pize'. v. a. [decmn- 

DECLA RATORILY. de-klar -a-tur-e-le. ad. In J To decompound; to compound a second 

the form of a declaration ; not in a decretory form. time. Burke. To dis-olve : a chymical expression 

Broicn. Kirvon. 

DECLA RATORY.de-kkV-a-tur-e. 512. a. Affirm- DECOMPOSITE, de-kom-poz'-it. 154. a. Com- 

ative ; not decretory ; not promissory. — A declara- v pounded a second time. Bacon. 

torv law is a new' act confirming a former law. DECOMPOSI TION. de-kom-po-zisli'-un. n. 



Tillotson. 
To DECLA RE ; . de-klare . o. a. [declaro, Lat.] To 
clear ; to free from obscuritv. Boyle. To make 
known; to tell evidently and openly. 1 Cor. To 
publish ; to proclaim. I Chron. To show in open 
view; in plain terms. Bacon. 
To DECLARE. de-klare-. v. n. To make a declara- 
tion ; to proclaim some resolution or opinion. Bp. 
or. 
DECLA REDLY*, de-klare -ed-le. ad. Avowedly; 

without disguise. Bp. Taylor. 
DECLA REMENT. de-klare -mem. n. s. Discovery ; 

declaration. Broicn. . 
DECLARER, de-kla-rar. 98. n.s. Aproclaimer: 

one that makes anv thing known. Futbe. 
DECLA RING*. de-kla-ring. n.s. Publication; dec- 
laration. 2 Mace. 
DECLENSION, de-kleV-shun. n.s. Tendency! 
from a greater to a less degree of excellence. &/W\ j 
Declination ; descent. Burnet. Inflection ; manner i j 
of changing nouns. Clarke. 
DECLINABLE, de-kli -na-bl. 405. a. Having va- 

rietv of terminations. Turxchitt. 
DECLLNA TION, dek-kle-na -shur.. mi. Descent;';! 
change from a better to a worse state; decay. | 
Bacon. The act of bending down. Variation from' 
rectitude ; obliquity. Ray. Deviation from moral 
rectitude. South. Variation from a fixed point. 
Wc<-d.icard. The act of shunning. Bp. Had. The 
variation of the needle from the direction to north 
and south. — The declination of a star is its shortest 
distance from the equator. Broom, The declen- 
sion or inflection of a noun through its various ter- 
minations. Declination of a plane, is an arch of 
the horizon, comprehended either between the plane 
and the prime vertical circle, or else between the 
meridian and the plane. Harris. 
DECLINA'TOR. dek-!e-na -tur. 521. ) [See Ivcr.i- 
DECLI NATORY, de-klin -a-tur-e. \ >*atory.] 

n. s. An instrument in dialing. Chambers. 
To DECLINE. de-kllne'. v.n. [decHno, Lat.] To 
Sean downward. Shak. To deviate ; to run" into j 
obliquities. Exodus. To shun; to avoid to do any 
thin^. To sink ; to decav. Shaksjycare. 
To DECLINE o.'de-kline : . v. a. To bend down- 
ward ; to bring down. Spenser. To shun ; to 
avoid; to refuse. Clarendon. To decay; to sink. 
Shak. To turn off from any course. B. Jonson. 
To modifv a word bv various terminations. Watts. 
DECLINE, de-kllne'.* n.s. The state of tendency to 

the less or the worse ; diminution; decav. Prior. 
DECLIVITY?. de-khV-e-te. 511. n.s. [d 

Lat.] Inclination or obliquity reckoned downwards ; 
gradual descent. Woodward. 
DECLIVOUS, de-kll'-vfis. 503. a. Gradually de- 
scending; not precipitous. 
To DECOCT §, de-kokt. v. a. [decoquo, decodum. 
Lat.] To prepare by boiling. Bacon. To digest 
bv the heat of the stomach." Dairies. To boil in 
water, so as to draw the strength of any thing. 
Baton. To boil up to a consistence. Sha'kspeare. , 
DECO CTiBLE, de-kok'-te-bl. a. That which may 

be boiled. Did. 
DEC OCTION, de-kok'-sh&n. n. s. The act of boil- ' 



The 
act of compounding things already compounded. 
Instruct, for Oratory. Resolution or separation of 
parts. Kirican. 

To DECOMPO'UNDS, de-kom-pound'. v. a. \de- 
compono. Lat.] To compose of things already com- 
pounded. Boyle. To resolve a compound into 
simple parts. 

DECOMPO END. de-kom-poimd . a. Compounded 
a second time. E 

DECOMPO END ABLE*. de-k6m-p6un'-da-bl. a. 

Liable to be dissolved. British Criiick. 
I DE CORAMENT. dek'-ko-ra-menl. n. s. Ornament; 
embellishment. Diet. 

To DECORATE;. dek-k6-rate. M. r.a. [decoro, 
Lat.] To a'dorn ; to embellish. Dr. Wartm. 

DECORA TION. dek -ko-ra'-shun. n.s. Ornament; 
embellishment. Dryden. 

DE CORATOR.dek-ko-ra-tur. 521. n.s. An adorn- 
er. Dirt. 

DECO ROUS, de-ke'-rfls. 503. a. [decorus. Lat.] 
Decent; suitable to a character} becoming; prop 
er. Ray. 



£5= An uneducated English speaker is very apt to pro- 
nounce this word with the accent on the first syllable, 
according to the analogy of his own language ; but a 
learned ear would be as much shocked at such a de- 
parture from classical propriety, as in the words sono- 
rous and canorous. 5M When once the mere English 
scholar is set right in this word, he will be sure to pro- 
nounce dedetorous with the accent on the penultimate 
likewise; and when he is told that this is wrong, be- 
cause that syllable in the Latin word is short, he will not 
fail to pronounce indecorous with the antepenultimate 
accent ; but what will be his surprise, when he is in- 
formed that this too is wrong, because the penultimate 
syllable in Latin is long ! — See Indtcorocs. W. [Ac- 
cented deco'rous also by Entick, Skeridav, Jones 'and 
Webster ; dec orous by Ash and Perry.] 

DECOROUSLY*, de-ko'-rus-le. ad. In a becoming 

manner. 
To DECO RTIC ATE v. de-kSrMe-kate. r.a. [de- 

cortico. Lat.] To divest of the bark or husk; to peel; 

to strip. Arbuthnot. 
DECORTICATION. de-k&r-te-ka'-shfin. it.*. The 

act of stripping the bark or husk. Cockeram. 
DECOBTUM, de-k(y-rflnj. n.s. [Lat.J Decency; 

behaviour contrary to licentiousness. Shakspeare. 
To DECO Y ; . de-fcfie'. 329. r.a. \koa,, Dutch.] To 

lure :n!o a caffe; to entrap. L' Estrange. 
DECOY. ct-kOe . 72.5. Allurement to mischiefs; 

temptation. T Voodicard. 
DECOTDUCK. de-koe / -duk. n. s. A duck that lures 

others. Mortimer. 
To DECREASE?, de-krese . 227. v.n. [decresco, 

LatJ To grow less; to be diminished. Ecclus. 
To DECRE ASE. de-krese-. r. a. To make less; to 

diminish. Daniel. 
DECREASE, de-krese'. n.s. Decay. Prior. The 

wane ; the time when the visible face of the moon 

grows less. Bacon. 
To DECRE E 6. de-kree'. v.n. [decerno, decretum, 

Lat.] To make an edict j to appoint by edict. 
Wisdom, iv. 
To DECRE E. de-kree'. r.a. To doom or assign by 

a decree. Job. 



ins: anv thins", to extract its virtues. Bacon. 



A. DECREE, de-kree'. n.s. An edict; a law. Shak 
1 2G7 



DEC 



BEE 



[LT559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5 — me, met;— pine, p?n: 



An established rule. Job. A determination of a 
suit. [In canon law.] An ordinance, enacted 
by the pope with the advice of his cardinals. Ay^ 
life. 
DECREMENT, dek'-kre-ment. 503. n. s. [decre 
mentum, Lat.] Decrease; the quantity lost by de- 
creasing 1 . Brown. 
DECRETIT^, de-krep'-It. a. [decrepitus, Lat.] 
Wasted and worn out with age; in the last stage 
of decay. Shakspeare. This word is often written 
and pronounced, inaccurately, decrepid. T. <£• TV. 
ToDECRETITATES, de-krec/-e-tate. v. a. [de- 
crepo, Lat.] To calcine salt till it has ceased to 
crackle in the fire. Brown. 
DECREPITATION, de-krep-e-ta/-shun. n. s. The 
crackling noise which salt makes, when put over 
the fire in a crucible. Quiiicy. 
DECRETITNESS, de-krep'-it-nes. ? »• *• The last 
DECRETITUDE, de-krep'-e-tude. \ stage of de- 

cav. Bentley. 
DECRE'SCENT, de-kres'-sent. a. Growing less. 
DE'CRETAL, de-kre'-tal. a. Appertaining to a de- 
cree. Ayliffe. 
DE'CRETAL, de-kre^-tal, or dek'-re-tal. n. s. A 
book of decrees or edicts. Spenser. The collection 
of the pope's decrees. Howell. 
£fj= All our lexicographers, except Dr. Johnson, place the 
accent on the second syllable of this word ; and this ac- 
centuation, it must be confessed, is agreeable to the 
best usage. But Dr. Johnson's accentuation on the 
first syllable is unquestionably the most agreeable to 
English analogy: first, because it is a trisyllable and a 
simple, 503: next, because it is derived from the latter 
Latin decretalis ; which, in our pronunciation of it, 
has an accent on the first and third syllables ; and there- 
fore, when adopted into our language, by dropping the 
last syllable, takes the accent on the first. — See Acad- 
emy. That this is the general analogy of accenting 
words from the Latin, which drop the last syllable, is 
evident from the words decrement, increment, interval, 
&c. W. 
DECRE'TION* de-kre'-shfci. n. s. The state of 

growing less. Pearson. 
DE'CRETIST, de-kre'-tist. n. s. One that studies 

the knowledge of the decretal. Ay life. 
DE'CRETORILY*, dek'-re-tfir-e-le. ad. In a de- 
finitive manner. Goodman. 
DF/CRETORY, deV-kre-tfir-e. 557, 512. a. Judicial ; 
definitive. Pearson. Critical; in which there is 
some definitive event. Brown. 
To DECRE'W*, de-kroo'. v. n. [deem, Fr.] To de- 
crease. Spenser. Ob. T. 
DECRFAL, de-krl'-al. n. s. Clamorous censure ; 

hasty or noisy condemnation. Shaftesbury. 
DECRFER*, de-krl'-nr. n. s. One who censures 

hastily, or clamorously. South. 
DECROWNING*, de-krofin'-ing. n. s. The act of 

depriving of a crown. Overhiry. 
DECRUSTA'TION*, de-kras-ta'-shun. n.s. [de- 

crustation, Fr.] An uncrusting. Cot^rave. 
To DECRY' §, de-krV. v. a. [decrier, Fr.] To censure ; 

to clamour against. Dryden. 
DECUBA'TION*, dek-ku-ba/-shan. n. s. The act of 

lying down. Evelyn. 
DECU'MBENCE^, de-k&m'-bense. )n.s. [decum- 
DECU'MBENCY§, de-kflm'-ben-se. \ bo, Lat.] The 

act of lying down. Brown. 
DECU'MBENT, de-kvW-bent. a. Lying, or leaning ; 
recumbent. Ashmole. Lying in the Ded of sick- 
ness. Atterbury. 
DECU'MBITURE, de'-kum'-be-tshure. n.s. The 
time at which a man takes to his bed in a disease. 
Life of Firmin. A scheme of the heavens erected 
for that time, by which the prognosticks of recovery 
or death are discovered. Dryden. 
DE'CUPLE, dek'-A-pl. 405. a. [decuplus, Lat.] Ten- 
fold. Brown. 
DECU'RION, de-ku'-re-fln. n. s. [decurio, Lat.] A 
commander over ten ; an officer subordinate to the 
centurion. Temple. 
DECU RSION, de-kAr'-shun. n. s. [decursus, Lat.] 

The act of running down. Hak. 
To DECU'RW, de-kfirt'. y.a. [decurio, Lat.] To 
abridge; to shorten. Herrick. j 



DECURTATION, dgk-kur-ta'-shfln. 530. n.s. Cut- 
ting short, or shortening. 

To DECU'SSATE$, de-k&s'-sate. v. a. [decusso, 
Lat.] To intersect at acute angles. Ray. 

DECUSSATION, dek-kfis-sa/-shftn. 530. n. s. The 
act of crossing. Ray. 

To DEDE'CORATE$, de-dek'-k6-rate. v. a, [<k- 
decoro, Lat.] To disgrace. Bid. 

DEDECORATION, de-d£k-k6-ra'-shon. n. s. Dis- 

f racing; disgrace. Diet. 
DE'COROUS, de-dgk'-ki-ras. [See Deco 
rous.] a. Disgraceful ; reproachful. Did. 
DEDENTFTION, ded-den-tish'-fin. 530. n. s. [de 
and deniitio, Lat.] Loss or shedding of the teeth. 
Brown. 
roDE'DICATES, ded'-e-kate. »•■«• {dedico, Lat.] 
To devote to some divine power ; to consecrate to 
sacred uses. Spenser. To appropriate solemnly to 
any person or purpose. Sliak. To inscribe to a 
patron. Peacham. 
DEDICATE, ded'-e-kate. a. Consecrate; devote. 
Shakspeare. 

DEDICATION, decl-e-ka'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
dedicating to any being or purpose. Hooker. An 
address to a patron. Pope. 

DE'DICATOR, de^-e-ka-tfir. 521. n. s. One who 
inscribes his work to a patron. Dryden. 

DE'DICATOR Y, ded'-e-ka-tiVe. 503. [See Do 
mestick.] a. Composing a dedication ; compliment 
al. Pope. 

DEDFTION, de-dfsh'-On. n. s. [dedilio, Lat.] Yield- 
ing up any thing ; surrendry. Hale. 

DE'DOLENT*, dgd'-o-lent. a. [dedoko, Lat.] Feel- 
ing no sorrow or compunction. Halhjwell. 
To DEDU'CE §, de-duse'. v. a. [deduco, Lat.] To 
draw in a regular, connected series. Wotton. To 
form a regular chain of consequential propositions. 
Locke. To lay down in regular order. Thomson. 
To substract ; to deduct. B. Jonson. To trans- 
plant; to lead forth. Selden. 

DEDU'CEMENT, de-duse'-ment. n.s. The thing 
deduced; consequential proposition. Milton. 

DEDU'CIBLE, de-du'-se-bl. a. Collectible by rea- 
son; consequential. Brown. 

DEDU'CIVE\ de-diV-slv. a. Performing the act of 
deduction. Diet. 

ToDEDU'CTS, de-d&kt'. v. a. [deduco, Lat.] To 
substract ; to take away. Norris. To separate ; to 
dispart. Spenser. To reduce; to bring clown. 
Massimrer. 

DEDUCTION, de-d&k'-shfin. n. s. Consequential 
collection ; proposition drawn from principles pre- 
mised. Hooker. That which is deducted. Pojje. 

DEDU'CTIVE, de-duk'-tiv. a. Deducible. Glan- 
vitle. 

DEDU'CTIVELY, de-dak'-nv-le. ad. Consequen- 
tially ; by regular deduction. Brown. 

DEED §, deed. n. s. [bdsb, Sax.] Action, whether 
good or bad ; thing done. Shak. Exploit ; per- 
formance. Milton. Power of action. Milton. Act 
declaratory of an opinion. Hooker. Written evi- 
dence of any legal act. Bacon. Fact; reality: 
whence the word indeed. Exodus. 

DE'EDLESS, deed'-les. a. Unactive. Shakspeare. 

DE'EDY*, deed'-e. a. Active ; industrious. 

To DEEM§, deem. v.n. part, dempt, or deemed, 
[beman, Sax.] To judge; to think. Ads. To es- 
timate. Spenser. 

To DEEM*, deem. v. a. To judge; to determine. 
Spenser. To imagine ; to suppose. Milton,. 

DEEM, deem. n. s. Judgement ; opinion. Slvxk. Ob. J. 

DE'EMSTER, deenV-st&r. n.s. [bsema, Sax.] A 
judge : a word yet in use in Jersey and the Isle of 
'Man. 

DEEP§, deep. a. [beop, Sax.] Having length 
downwards; descending far; profound. Bacon. 
Low in situation. Measured from the surface 
downward. Neioton. Entering far; piercing a 
great way. Shak. Far from the outer part. Dry* 
den. Not superficial; not obvious. Locke. Saga- 
cious; penetrating. Shak. Full of contrivance ; 
politick. Shak. Grave; solemn. ShaL Dark 
2G8 






DEF 



DEF 



— n6, move, nor, nAtj — tube, tab, bull; — 611; — p6flnd; — thin, Tuis. 



coloured. Dryden. Having- a gTeat degree of still- 
ness, or gloom. Genesis. Depressed ; sunk. 2 Cor. 
Bass; grave in sound. Bacon. 
DEEP, deep- »■ s. The sea; the main; the ocean. 
Bacon. The most solemn or still part. Shakspeare. 
DEEP*, deep, [used adverbially.] Deeplv; to a 

great depth. Spenser. 
DEEP-DRAWING* d&p'-draw'-ing. a. Sinking- 
deep into the water. Shakspeare. 
PEEP-MOUTHED, deep'-md&THd. a. Having a 

hoarse and loud voice. Sha/cspeare. 
DEEP-MUSING, deep-ma'-zmg. a. Contempla- 
tive. Pope. 
DEEP-READ*, deep'-reU a. Profoundly versed. 

IJ Estrange. 
To DE'EPEN, deep'-pn. 359. v. a. To make deep ; to 
sink far below the surface. Addison. To darken; 
to cloud. Peacham. To make sad or gloomy. 
Pope. 
To DE'EPEN*, deep'-pn. v. n. To descend gradual- 
ly. Tftomsim. To grow deep. Hurd. 
DE'EPLY, deep'-le. ad. To a great deoth. Tilhtson. 
'xVilli great study or sagacity. Sir T*. Elijot. Sor- 
rowfully ; solemnly. St. Mark. With a tendency 
to darkness of colour. Boijle. In a high degree. 
Bacon. 
DE'EPNESS, dcep'-ne's. n. s. Entrance far below 
the surface ; profundity. Knolles. Sagacity. Beaum. 
and Fl. Insidiousness ; craft. Gregory. 
DEER, deer. ?>. s. [beon, Sax.] That class of ani- 
mals which is hunted tor venison. Sliakspeare. 
DE ESS*, de'-£s. n. s. [deesse, Fr.] A goddess. Bp. 

H. Croft. 
To DEFA'CE §, de-fase'. r. a. [deface, Norm. Fr.] 
To destroy; to raze ; to disfigure. Abp. Wiiitgift. 
DEFA'CEMENT, de-fase'-ment. n. s. Violation; 

razure; destruction. Bacon. 
DEFA'CER, de-fa'-s&r. 98. n.s. Destroyer; abol- 

isher. Shakspeare. 
DEFA'ILANCE, de-fa'-lanse. n. s. [defaillance, Fr.] 

Failure ; miscarriage. Bp. Taylor. Ob. J. 
To DEFALCATES, de-fal'-kate. v. a. [defalco, Lat.] 
To cut off; to lop. Bullokar. 

{£p The a in this word does not go into the broad Ger- 
man a in fall, not only because the consonant that 
follows the I is carried off to the succeeding sylla- 
ble, but because the word is derived from the Latin ; 
and it must be carefully observed, that words from the 
burned languages preserve the a before I and another 
consonant, in the short middle sound of thai vowel ; in 
the same manner as u in fulminate preserves the short 
sound cf that letter, and is not pronounced like the same 
vowel in full. 84, 177. W. 

DEFALCATION, def-fal-ka'-shun. 530. n. s. Dim- 
inution; abatement; excision of any part of a 
customary allowance. Burton. 

To DEFA'LK, de-falk'. v. a. To cut off; to lop 
away. Bp. Hall. 

DEFAMA'TION, def-a-ma'-shnn. n. s. Defaming or 
bringing infamy upon another ; calumny ; reproach. 
Ai/liffe. 

DEFA'MATORY, de-fam'-ma-tor-e. «. Calumni- 
ous; tending to defame; libellous. Wotton. 

To DEFA'ME § de-fame', v. a. \de and farm, Lat.] 
To make infamous ; to censure falsely in publick ; 
to !ibe! ; to calumniate. Cfumcer. 

DEFA'ME, de-fame', n.s. Disgrace; dishonour. 
Spotser'. Ob. J. 

DEFA'MER, de-fa'-mur. n. s. One that injures the 
reputation of another. Gov. of the Tongue. 

PEFA'MING*, de-fa'-mtng. 74.5. Defamation. Jer. 

DEFA'TIGABLE*, de-fdt'-e-gu-bl. a. Liable to be 
weary. Glanvilk. 

To DEFA'TIGATE §, de-fat'-e-gate. 0. a. [defatigo, 
Lat.] To weary ; to tire. Sir T. Herbeit. 

DEFATIGA'TION, de-fat e-ga'-shfin. n.s. Wea- 
riness. Bp. Hall. 

DEFA'ULT*, de-fawlt'. [See Fault.] n.s. [de- 
fault?, old Fr.] Omission of that which we ought to 
do. Crime ; failure ; fault. Hayicard. Defect ; 
want. Dames. Non-appearance in court at a day 
assigned. Cowel 



To DEFA'ULT, de-fawlt'. v. a. To fail in perform- 
tag any contract or stipulation. Milton. 

To DEFA'ULT*, de-fawlt'. v.n.To offend. Spenser. 

DEFAULTED*, de-fawlt'-ed. a. Having defect. 

DEFAULTER, de-iawlt'-ar. n.s. One that makes 
default. History of Duelling. 

DEFEASANCES, de-fe'-zanse. ji.s. [defaisance, 
Fr.] The act of annulling or abrogating any con- 
tract. Guthrie. A condition annexed to an act, 
which performed by the obligee, the act is disa- 
bled. Cowel. The writing in which a defeasance 
is contained. Blackstone. A defeat; conquest. 

DEFEASIBLE, de-fe'-ze-bl. a. That which may 

be annulled or abrogated. Davies. 
DEFE'AT §, de-fete', n. s. [defeat, old Fr.] The 
overthrow of an army. Addison. Act of destruc 

I tion. Shakspeare. 

I To DEFE'AT, de-fete', v. a. To overthrow ; '-o 

I undo. Shak. To frustrate. Shaksjieare. T» abut 

I ish ; to undo; to change; to alter. Shakspeare. 

I DEFE'AT URE, de-fe'-tshiire. 461. n. s. Change of 

I feature. Slutk. Overthrow ; defeat. Beaumont and 

j Fletcher. Ob. J. 

I To DE'FECATEf, def-fe-kate. 503. v. a. [defccci, 

I Lat.] To purge liquors from lees or foulness; to 
purify. Boyle. To purify from any extraneous 
mixture; to clear; to' brighten. Wotton. 

DE'FECATE, d&'-fe-kate. a. Purged from lees or 
foulness. Glanville. 

DEFECA'TION, def-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. Purification. 
Smith. 

DEFE'CT §, de-fekt'. n. s. [defectus, Lat.] Want ; 
absence of something necessary. Davies. Failing; 
imperfection. Shak. A fault ; mistake ; errour. 
Hooker. Any natural imperfection ; a blemish ; "a 
failure. Locke. 

j To DEFE'CT, de-fekt'. v. n. To be deficient; to 
fall short of. Brown. Ob. J. 

DEFECTIBI'LITY, de-fek-te-bn'-e-te. n.s. The 
slate of failing. Lord Dizby. 

DEFE'CTIBLE, de-fek'-le-bl. a. Imperfect; defi- 
cient. Hale. Liable to defect. Pearson. 

DEFECTION, de-fek'-sh5n. n.s. Want; failure. 
A falling away; apostasy. Raleigh. An aban- 
doning of a king, or state ; revolt. Davies. 

DEFECTIVE, de-lek'-tiv. 157. a. Wanting the just 
quantity. Brown. Full of defects; imperfect. Ar- 
buthnot. Fault}-; vicious. Ecclus. 

DEFE'CTIVE Nouns. Indeclinable nouns, such 
as want a number, or some particular case. 

DEFE'CTIVE Verb. A verb which wants some 
of its tenses. 

DEFECTIVELY* de-fek'-tlv-le. ad. Wanting the 
just quantity. Abp. Usher. 

DEFECTIVENESS, de-fek'-tiv-nes. n.s. Want 5 
the state of being imperfect. Bp. Barlow. 

DEFE'CTUOUS*,de-fek'-tshu-us.«. Full of defects. 
Worthington. 

DEFECT (JO'SITY*,de-fek-tshu-6s'-e-te. n.s. Im- 
perfection ; faultiness. W. Mountain. 

DEFEDA'TION* def-e-da'-shun. See Dzfolda- 
Tjojr. 

DEFE'NCE §, de-fense'. n. s. [defensio, Lat.] Guar;.; ; 
protection. 2 Chron. Vindication ; justification ; 
apology. Acts. Prohibition : a sense merely 
French. Temple. Resistance. Shak. [In law.] 
The defendant's reply. Blackstone. [In fortifica- 
tion.] The part that flanks another work. The 
science of defence; military skill. Shakspeare. 

To DEFE'NCE, de-fense'. r. a. To defend by forti- 
fication. Fairfax. 

DEFE'NCELESS, de-fense'-les. a. Naked ; unarm- 
ed; unguarded. Milton. Impotent; unable to 
make resistance. Addison. 

DEFE'NCELESSLY* de-fense'-les-le. ad. In an 
unprotected manner. 

DEFE'NCELESSNESS*, de-fense'-les-nes. n. s. 
An unprotected stale. Bp. Fleetwood. 

ToDEFE'NDS, de-fend', v. a. [defendo, Lat.] To 
stand in defence of; to protect. Judges. To vin- 
dicate ; to uohold. Swift. To fortify ; to secure. 
269 



DEF 



DEF 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— 



Dry den. To prohibit; to forbid. Cliaucer. To 
maintain a place or cause. Pope. To repel; to 
keep off: a Latinism. Spenstr. 
DEPENDABLE, de-feV-da-bl. a. Defensible. 

Sherwood, 
DEFENDANT, de-fen'-dant. a. Defensive ; fit for 

defence. 
DEFENDANT, de-fen'-dant. n. s. He that defends. 
WiUcins. [In law.] The person accused or sued. 
Shakspeare, 
DEFENDER, de-fen'-dfir. 98. n. s. One that de- 
fends; a champion. Shale. An assertor; a vindi- 
cator. South. [In law.] An advocate. 
DEFENSATIVE, de-fen'-sa-ttV. n. s. Guard; de- 
fence. Brown. [In surgery.] A bandage, or plas- 
ter. 
DEFEASIBLE,, de-feV-se-bl. a. That may be de- 
fended. Shale. Justifiable ; right ; capable of vin- 
dication. Collier. 
DEFENSIVE, de-feV-sfv. 428. a. That serves to 
defend : proper for defence. Sidney. In a state or 
pasture of defence. Milton. 
DEFENSIVE, de-feV-sfv. 158. n.s. Safeguard. 

Bacon. State of defence. Clarendon. 
DEFENSIVELY, de-fen'-slv-le. ad. In a defensive 

manner. Milton. 
DEFE'NST. part. pass. Defended. Fairfax. 
To DEFE'R§, de-feV. v. n. To put off; to delay to 
act. [dijfero, Lat.] Milton. To pay deference or 
regard, [de'ferer, Fr.] Pope. 
ToDEFE'R, de-feV. v. a. To withhold; to delay. 
Acts. To refer to. Bacon. To offer; to give. 
Brcvint. 
DE'FERENCE, def'-er-ense. 503. n. s. Regard ; re- 
spect. Drijden. Complaisance; condescension. 
Locke. Submission. Addison. 
DE'FERENT, def'-er-ent. a. That carries up and 

down. Bacon. 
DE'FERENT, def-er-gnt. n.s. That which carries. 

Bacon. 
DE'FERENTS, def-er-ents. n.s. Certain vessels in 
the human body, for the conveyance of humours 
from one place to another. Chambers. 
DEFE'RMENT*, de-feV-ment. n.s. Delay. Sir J. 

Suckling;. 
DEFE'RRER*, de-fer'-rur. n. s. Adelayer ; a putter 

off. B. Jonson. 
DE'FFLY*, dtt> -le. ad. Finely; nimbly. Spenser. 

See Defly. 
DEFI'ANCE §, de-fl'-anse. n. s. [defiance, old Fr.] 
A challenge ; an invitation to fight. Shak. A chal- 
lenge to make any impeachment good. Expres- 
sion of abhorrence or contempt. Decay of Piety. 
OEFI'ATORY*, de-fi'-a-tfir-e. a. Bearing defiance. 

Shelford. 
DEFI'CIENCE §, de-flsh'-gnse. ) n. s. [deficio, Lat.] 
DEFICIENCY M^kh'-en-se. \ Want ^something 
less than is necessary. Arbuthnol. Defect; imper- 
fection. Brown. 
DEFICIENT, de-flsh'-ent. a. Failing; wanting; 

defective. Wotton. 
DEFICIENT Numbers are those whose parts, added 

together, make less than the integer. Chambers. 
DEFICIENTLY*, de-f?sb/-ent-le. ad. In a defec- 
tive manner. 
DEFICIT*, def -e-sn. n. s. [Lat.] Want ; de- 
ficiency. Ld. Auclehxnd. 
DEFI'ER, de-fl'-ur. n.s. A challenger; a contem- 
ner. Beo.umont and Fletclier. 
DEFIGURATION*, de-fig-iVra'-shun. n. s. A 

change of a better form to a worse. Bp. Hall. 
To DEF1'GURE§*, de-flg'-ure. v. a. [de, Lat. and 

figure.'] To delineate. Weever. 
2\>DEF1'LE§, de-file', v. a. [apylan. Sax.] To 
make foul or impure. Shak. To pollute. Levit. 
To corrupt chastity ; to violate. Prior. To taint ; 
to corrupt Wisdom. 
To DEFFLE, de-file', v. n. [deffiter, Fr.] To march ; 

to go off file by file. 
DEFFLE, de-flle'. n, s. A narrow passage ; a long 

narrow pass. Addison. 
^5= Some military coxcombs have endeavoured to intro- 



duce the French pronunciation of this word defili, as 
if written deff-fe-laij ; others have endeavoured to bring 
it nearer to our own analogy, by pronouncing it in three 
syllables^ if written deff'-fe-le. I am sorry to find 
Mr. Sheridan has adopted this pronunciation : he is fol- 
lowed only by Bailey and Ash ; the first of whom has 
it both ways, and the last gives it only as an uncommon 
pronunciation. Dr. Johnson and the rest are decidedly 
for the general pronunciation, which is the same as the 
verb to defile .- and if this were urged as a reason to al- 
ter the pronunciation of the substantive, it may be an- 
swered, that the remedy would be worse than the dis- 
ease. — See Bowl. 
To these observations it may be added, that, if we pro- 
nounce this word exactly like the French, because it is 
a military term, we ought to pronounce a file of mus- 
keteers, a. feel of musketeers. W. 

DEFI'LEMENT, de-flle'-ment. n. s. The state of 
being defiled. Milton. 

DEFFLER, de-fl'-lfir. 98. n. s. One that defiles. Ad- 
dison. 

DEFINABLE, de-flne'-a-bl. a. That which may be 
defined. Dryden. That which may be ascertain- 
ed. Burnet. 

To DEFINES, de-flne'. v. a. [definio, Lat.] To 
give the definition ; to explain a thing by its quali- 
ties and circumstances. Sidney. To circumscribe ; 
to bound. Newton. To decide; to determine. 
Spenser. 

To DEFINE, de-flne'. v.n. To determine ; to de- 
cide. Bacon. 

DEFFNER, de-fl'-nur. n. s. One that explains, or 
describes a thing by its qualities. Prior. 

DE'FINITE §,d£f-e-nit.503, 154. a. [def niius, Lat.] 
Certain; limited; bounded. Sidney. "Exact; pre- 
cise. Shakspeare. 

DE'FINITE, def'-e-nit. 156. n. s. Thing explained 
or defined. Ayliff'e. 

DE'FINITELY^def-e-nit-le. ad. Precisely; in a 
definite manner. 

DE'FINITENESS, deF-e-nn-ngs. n. s. Certainty ; 
limitedness. 

DEFINITION, def-e-nfsh'-un. n.s. A short de- 
scription of a thing by its properties. Dryden. De- 
cision ; determination. [In logick.] The explica- 
tion of the essence of a thing by its kind and differ- 
ence. Bmtley. 

DEFINITIVE, de-fln'-e-trv. a. Determinate; posi- 
tive; express. Brown. 

DEFINITIVE*, de-f m'-e-tiv. n. s. That which as- 
certains or defines. Harris. 

DEFINITIVELY, de-fln'-e-tlv-le. ad. Positively ; 
decisivelv. Shakspeare. > 

DEFI'NITIVENESS, de-fm'-e-tiv-ne\s. n. s. Deci- 
sivcncss. Diet. 

To DEFI'X* de-f Iks', v. a. [def go, defixum, Lat.] 
To fasten with nails ; figuratively, to fix earnestly. 
Herbert. 

DEFLAGRABI'LITY, dgf-fla-gra-bil'-e-te. n. s. 
Combustibility. Boyle. 

DEFLA'GRABLE, de-fla'-gra-bl. a. Having the 
quality of wasting away wholly in fire. Boijle. 

To DE'FLAGRATE §* dSP -fla-grate. v. a. [defla- 
gro, Lat.] To set fire to. 

DEFLAGRA'TION, deT-fia-gra'-shun. n. s. [In 
chymistry.] The setting fire to several things in 
their preparation. Quincy. Destruction by fire 
without remains. Pearson. 
To DEFLE'CT §, de-figkt'. v. n. [defecto, Lat.] To 
turn aside ; to deviate from a true course. Brown. 

DEFLE'CTION, de-flgk'-shfin. n.s. Deviation. 
Brown. A turning aside, or out of the way. W. 
Mounlagu. The departure of a ship from its true 
course. 

DEFLE'XURE, de-flek'-shure. 479. n. s. A bend- 
ing down ; a turning aside. Diet. 

DEFLORA'TION, det-flo-ra'-sh&n. 530. n. s. [de- 
foratvs, Lat.] The act of deflouring ; the taking 
away of a woman's virginity. Transl. of Bul/in- 
ger^s Sermons. A selection of that which is most 
valuable. Hale. 
To DEFLO'UR §, de-flour', v. a. [deforer, FrJ To 
ravish ; to take away a woman's virginity. Ecdus. 
270 



DEG 



DEI 



-n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — 6?1 ; — pound ; — tb'm, THis. 



To take away the beauty and grace of any thing. 
Milton. To deprive of flowers. W. Movntagu 
DEFLO'URER, de-fl6a'-rQr. 98. n.s. A ravishor 

Stafford. 
To DEFLO'W**, de-flo'. v.n. [defluo, Lat.] To 

(low, or run. as water. Brown. 
JEFLU OUS, deP-flu-Os. a. That flows down. That 

tails off. 
DEFLU'X, de-fluks'. n. s. [defluxus, Lat.] Down- 
ward flow. Bacon. 
DEFLU XION, de-fl&k'-shan. n.s. The flow of hu- 
mours downward. Bacon. 
DE FLY, def r -le.«d. Dexterously ; skilfully. Spenser. 

Oh. J. Properly deftly. 
DEFOEDATION, def-fe-da'-shun. n. s. [defeda- 
lion. Fr.] The act of making filthy; pollution. 
Bentleii. 
To DEFO RCE $* de-forse'. v. a. [deforcer, old Fr.] 
To keep out of the possession of land by deforce- 
ment. Blackstone. 
DEFORCEMENT, de-forse'-ment. n.s. A with- 
holding by force from the right owner. 
To DEFORM*, de-fdrm'. v. a. [deformo, Lat.] To 
disfigure ; to spoil the form of anv thing. Shak. To | 
dishonour; to make ungraceful ■^■Dryden. 
DEFORM, de-form', a. Ugly; disfigured. Spen- 1 

ser. 
DEFORMATION, def-for-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. A 

defacing; a disfiguring. 
DEFORMED, de-f&rmd', or de-for'-mgd. part. a. j 
Ugly; wanting natural beauty. Huloet. Base; 
disgraceful. B. Jonson. 
DEFORMEDLY, de-f3r'-med-le. 364. ad. In an I 

uglv manner. 
DEFO'RMEDNESS, de-for'-med-nes. ?i.s. Ugli- \ 

ness ; a disagreeable form. 
DEFOR'MER* de-for'-mur. n. s. One who defaces j 

or deforms. 
DEFORMITY, de-for'-me-te. n.s. Ugliness; ill-! 
favouredness. Shak. Ridiculousness. Dry den. Ir- i 
regularity; inordinateness. King Charles. 
DEFORSOR, de-fSr'-sur. 166. n. s. [forceur, Fr.] j 
One that overcomes and. casts out by force, j 
Blonnt. 
To DEFO'UL*, de-foul', v. a. To defile. Ob. T. I 
To DEFRAUD $, de-frawd'. v. a. [defraudo, Lat.] 
To rob or deprive by a wile or trick ; to cheat. 
Thess. 
DEFRAUDATION, def-fraw-da'-shun. n.s. Priva- 
tion bv fraud. Brown. 
DEFRA'UDER, de-fraw'-dfir. n.s. A deceiver;. 

one that cheats. Blackmore. 
DEFRAUDMENT*, de-frawd'-ment. n. s. Privation 

bv deceit or fraud. Milton. 
TVDEFRA'YS, de-fra'. v. a. [defrayer, Fr.] To 

bear the charges of. 2 Mace. 
DEFRAYER, de-fra'-ur. 98. n.s. One that dis- 
charges expenses. 
DEFRAYMENT, de-fra'-ment. n. s. The payment 

of expenses; compensation. Shelton. 
DEFT§, deft. a. [bsept, Sax.] Neat; handsome; 
spruce. B. Jonson. Proper ; fitting. Shakspeare. 
Ready ; dexterous. Dryden. Ob. J. 
DE'FTLY, deft'-le. ad. Neatly ; dexterously. Shak. 

In a skilful manner. Gay. Ob. J. 
DE'FTNESS*, deft'-nes. n. s. Neatness ; beauty. 

Drayton. 
DEFUNCT §, de-f&nkt/. a. {defunct, old Fr.] Dead; 

deceased. Shakspeare. 
DEFUNCT, de-funkt'. n.s. One that is deceased. 

Shakspeare. 
DEFUNCTION, de-f&ngk'-sh&n. 408. n. s. Death. 

Shakspeare. 
To DEFY' §, de-fl'. v. a. [dejfier, Fr.] To call to 
combat ; to challenge. Milton. To treat with con- 
tempt ; to slight. Shakspeare. To disdain ; to re- 
nounce. Spenser. 
DEFY', de-fl'. n. s. A challenge. Dryden. Ob. J. 
DEFY''ER,de-fl'-ur.n.s. A challenger. South. More 

properly defer. 
To DEGE'N'DER*, de-jen'-dur. v. n. To degenerate. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 



DEGE'NDERED* de-jen'-d&rd. a. Degenerated 

Spenser. 
DEGENERACY, de-jen'-er-a-se. n. s. A departure 
from the virtue of our ancestors. Harris. A de- 
sertion of that which is good. Tillotson. Mean- 
ness. Addison. 
To DEGENERATES, de-jen'-er-ate. 9L v.n 
[degenerare, Lat.] To fall from the virtue of ances- 
tors. Han-is. To fall from a more noble to a base 
state. Tillotson. To fall from its kind; to grow 
wild or base. Bacon. 
DEGENERATE, de-jen'-er-ate. a. Unlike one's an- 
cestors. Shakspeare. Unworthy ; base, Milton. 
DEGE'NERATELY*, de-jen'-er-ate-le. ad.. In an 

unworthv or base manner. Worthington. 
DEGE'NERATENESS, de-jen'-er-ate-nes. n, s, 

Degeneracy. 
DEGENERATION, de-jen-er-a'-shun. n. s. A de- 
viation from the virtue of one's ancestors. A falling 
from a more excellent state to one of less worth. 
Bp. Hall. The thing changed from its primitive 
state. Brown. 
DEGE'NEROUS^e-jen'-er-us. a. Degenerated. B. 

Jonson. Vile ; base. King Charles. 
DEGE'NEROUSLY, de-jeii'-er-us-le. ad. Basely y 

meanly. Decay of Piety. 
DEGLUTI'TION, deg-glu-t?sh'-un. 530. n. s. [deglu- 

tio. Lat.] The act of swallowing. Arbuthnot. 
DEGRADATION, deg-gra-da'-shun. 530. n.s.. A 
deprivation of dignity ; dismission from office. Ay- 
life. Degeneracy; "baseness. South. Diminution, 
To DEGRADE S, de-grade', v. a. [dtgrader, Fr.^ 
To put one from his degree ; to deprive him of of- 
fice, dignity, or title. Shak. To lessen ; to dimin- 
ish. Milton. To reduce from a higher to a lower 
state. 
DEGRADEMENT*, de-grade'-ment. n. s. Depri- 
vation of dignitv or office. Milton. 
DEGRA/DINGLY* de-gra'-dlng-le. ad. In a de 

preciating manner. Cocentry. 
DEGRAVATION, deg-ra-va'-shun. n.s. [degra- 

vatus, Lat.] The act of making heavy. Diet. 
DEGRE'Ef, de-gree'. n.s. [degre, Fr.] Quality, 
rank; station; place of dignity. Spenser. The 
comparative state and condition in which a thing 
is. Bacon. A step or preparation to any thing. 
Sidney. A step; as, the step of a staircase. 
Chaucer. Order of lineage ; descent of family. 
Dryden. Orders or classes. Locke. Measure, 
proportion. Dryden. The three hundred and six- 
tieth part of the circumference of a circle. [In 
arithmetick.] A degree consists of three figures, viz. 
of three places comprehending units, tens, and hun- 
dreds ; so. three hundred and sixty-five is a degree. 
Cocker. The division of the lines upon several 
sorts of mathematical instruments. [In musick.] 
The intervals of sounds. The vehemence or slack 
ness of the hot or cold quality. South. 
By DEGRE'ES, bl de-greez'. ad. Gradually; by 

little and little. Sidney. 
To DEGU'ST $*, de-gust', v. a. [degusto, Lat.] To 

taste. 
DEGUSTATION, deg-gus-ta'-shun. 530. n.s. A 

tasting. Diet. Bp. Hall. 
To DEHO'RT §, de-hdrt'. v. a. [dehorior, Lat.] To 

dissuade. Bp. Hall. 
DEHORTATION, de-h6r-ta'-shun. n.s. Dissua- 
sion. Knight. 
DEHO'RT ATORY, de-h6r'-ta-tar-c. 512. a. Be- 
longing to dissuasion. Bp. Hall. 
DEHO'RTER, de-hSr'-tfir. n. s. A dissuader. Sher- 

DE'IciDE§, de'-e-slde. 143. n.s. [deus and cccdo, 
Lat.] The death of our blessed Saviour. Prior. 

DEI'FICAL*, de-lP-e-kal. a. Making divine. Homi- 
lies. 

DEIFICATION, de-e-fe-ka'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
deifying, or making a god. Fotlxerby. 

DE'IFIER*, de'-e-f 1-ur. n. s. One who makes a man 
a god. Coventry. 

DE'IFORM, d^-e-fSrm. a. Of a godlike form, 
More. 

271 



DEL 










DEL 


(CT 559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, fat; 


-me, 


m<k;- 


— pine 


pin;— 



DEIFO'RMITY* de-e-f6rm'-e-te. 



Resem- 



blance of Deity. 
To DEIFY 9 de'-e-fl. v. a. [deus and fio, Lat.] To 
make a god of; to adore as God. Dnjden. To 
praise excessively. Bacon. 
To DEIGN 5, dane. v. n. [daigner, Fr.] To vouch- 
safe. Miltm. 
To DEIGN, dane. 249. v. a. To grant; to permit ; 
to allow. Shakspeare. To consider worth notice. 
Bryskett. 
DEFGNING, da'-n?ng. n. s. A vouchsafing. 
To DEFNTEGRATE, de-in'-te-grate. v. a. \de and 
integro, Lat.] To take from the whole ; to spoil. 
Diet. 
DEFPAROUS, de-?p'-pa-rus. 518. a. [deiparus, Lat.] 
That brings forth a god; the epithet applied to 
the blessed Virgin. Vict. 
DE'ISMS, de'-?zm. n. s. [deisme, Fr.] The opin- 
ion of those that only acknowledge one God, 
without the reception of any revealed religion. 
Dryden. 
DE'IST, de'-lst. n. s. A man who follows no particu- 
lar religion, but only acknowledges the existence 
of God, without any other article of faith. Water- 
land. I 
DEFSTICAL, de-?s'-te-kal. a. Belonging to the 
heresv of the deists. Watts. I 
DE'ITATE*. de'-e-tate. a. Made God. Abp. Cran- j 
mer. j 
DEITY ^de'-e-te. *«. [deitas, Lat.] Divinity; the 
nature and essence of God. Hooker. A fabulous 
god. Sidney. The supposed divinity of a heathen 
god. Spenser. 
To DEJE'CT §, de-jekt'. v. a. [dejitio, defectum, Lat.] 
To cast down ; to afflict. Shale. To throw down ; 
to debase. B. Jonson. To change the form with 
grief; to make to look sad. Dryden. Simply, to 
cast down. Drayton. 
DEJE'CT, de-j&V. a. Cast down ; afflicted ; low- 
spirited. Shakspeare. 
DEJECTEDLY, de-jek'-t£d-le. ad. In a dejected 

manner. Bacon. 
DEJE'CTEDNESS, de-jek'-ted-nes. n. s. The state 

of being cast down. Her/wood. 
DEJE'CTER*, de-j^kt'-ar. n. s. One who dejects or 

casts down. Cot prove. 
DEJE'CTION^le-j&t'-shun. n.s. Lowness of spirits; 
melancholy. Milton. Weakness ; inability. Ar- 
buthnot. [In medicine.] Going to stool. Ray 
The act of throwing down. Hallywell. A cast- 
ing down, in sign of reverence. Pearson. 
DE JE'CTLY*, de-jekt'-le. ad. In a downcast man- 
ner. Sherwood. 
DEJE'CTORY*, de-jeV-tur-e. a. Having the power 

to promote evacuation by stool. Ferrand. 
DEJE'CTURE, de-jek'-tshure. 461. n.s. The excre- 
ment. ArJmthnot. 
To DE'JERATE§*, ded'-je-rate. v. a. [dejero, Lat.] 

To swear deeply. Cockeram. 
DEJERA'T10N,ded-je-ra'-shfin. 530. n.s. A taking 

of a solemn oath. Did. 
DEJE' UNE. n. s. [desjuner, Fr.] A sort of break- 

DELA^ERA'TION,de-las-s3r-a'-shan. n.s. [dela- 
cero, Lat.] A tearing in pieces. 

DELACRYMA'TION, de-lak-kre-ma'-shGn. n. s. 
[delacrymatio, Lat.] A falling down of the hu- 
mours; the waterishness of the eyes. Diet. 

DELACTA'TION, d&-ak-ta'-shfin. 630. n. s. [delac- 
tatio, Lat.] A weaning from the breast. Diet. 

DELATSED, de-lapst'. 359. a. [aelapsus, Lat.] 
Bearing or falling down. Diet. 

To DELA'TE§, de-late'. v. a. [delatus, Lat.] To 
carry; to convey. Bacon. To accuse; to inform 
against. B. Jon-son. 

DELA'TION, de-la'-shun. n. s. A carnage ; con- 
veyance. Bacon. An accusation ; an impeach- 
ment. Wotton. 

DELA TOR, de-la'-tfir. 166. n.s. An accuser ; an in- 
former. Sandys. 

To DELAYS, de-la', v. a. [delayer, Fr.] To defer; 
to put off. Exodus. To hinder ; to frustrate. Slutk. 



To detain, or retard the course of. Milton. To al- 
lay; to soften. Spenser. 
To DELAY, de-la', v. n. To stop. Locke. 
DELA'Y, de-la', n. s. A deferring ; procrastination. 

ShaksjKare. Stay ; stop. Dryden. • 
DELA'YER, de-la'-fir. n. s. One that defers ; a put- 
ter off. Sir T. Elyot. 
DELA'YMENT*, de-la'-ment. n. s. Hinderance. 

Gamer . Oh. T. 
DE'LEBLE*, del'-e-bl. a. [delebilis, Lat.] Capable 

of being effaced. More. 
DELE'CTABLES, de-lek'-ta-bl. a. [delectabilis, 

Lat.] Pleasing ; delightful. Skelton. 
DELE'CTABLENESS, de-lek'-ta-bl-ngs. n. s. De- 

lightfulness ; pleasantness. Barret. 
DELE'CTABLY, de-lek'-ta-ble. ad. Delightfully ; 

pleasantly. Bale. 
DELECTA'TION, del-lek-ta'-shfin. n.s. Pleasure; 

delight. Sir T. More. k 
DE'LEGACY*, d£l'-e-ga-se. n. s. A certain number 
of persons deputed to act for, or to represent, a pub- 
lick body. Abp. Laud. 
7^ DE'LEGATE §, del'-le-gate. 91. v. a. [delego, 
Lat.] To send away. To send upon an embassy. 
To intrust; to cammit to another's power. Bp. 
Taylor. To appoint judges to hear a particular 
cause. Acts of Parliament. 
DE'LEGATE, d&'-le-gate. 91. n. s. A deputy ; a 
commissioner; any one that is sent to act for an- 
other. Donne. 
DE'LEGATE, deT-le-gate. 503. a. Deputed. Bp. 

Taylor. 
DE'LEGATES, Court of, del'-le-gates. n. s. An ec- 
clesiastical court of appeal. Cowel. 
DELEGATION, dgl-le-ga'-shfin. n. s. A sending 
away. A putting in commission. Barrow. The 
assignment of a debt to another. 
DELENFFICAL, del-e-nlf-e-kal. a. [delenificus, 

LatJ Having virtue to assuage or ease pain. 
To DELE'TE §, de-lete'. v. a. [deleo, Lat.] To blot 

out. Fuller. 
DELETE'RIOUS, deU-te'-re-us. 530. a. Deadly; 

destructive. Brown. 
DE'LETERY, del'-e-ler-e. a. Destructive ; poison- 
ous. Hudihras. 
DELE'TION, de-le'-shun. n. s. Act of rasing or 

blotting out. A destruction. Hale. 
DE'LETORY*, del'-e-tfir-e. n. s. That which blots 

out. Bp. Taylor. 
DELF, ) j2, f K n. s. [belpan, Sax.] A mine or 
DELFE, \ aeiL j quarry ; a pit dug. Ray. Earth- 
en ware ; counterfeit China ware, made at Delft. 
Smart. 
To DE'LIBATE §*, del'-e-bate. v. a. [delibo, Lat.] 

To sip or kiss the cup ; to taste. Marmion. 
DELIBA'TION, del-e-ba'-shun. n. s. An essay ; a 

taste. Bp. Berkeley. 
To DELIBERATE §, de-llb'-er-ate. 91. v.n. To 

think, in order to choice ; to hesitate. Blackmore. 
To DELFBER ATE*, de-l?b'-er-ite. r. a. To balance 

in (he mind ; to wei^h ; to consider. Abp. Laud. 
DELIBERATE, de-llb'-er-ale. 91. a. Circumspect; 

wary. Shak. Slow ; tedious ; gradual. Hooker. 
DELFBERATELY, de-llb'-erlate-le. ad. Circum- 
spectly ; advisedly ; warily. Dnjden. Slowly ; 
gradually. Goldsmith. 
DELFBERATENESS, de-lfb'-er-ate-nik n.s. Cir- 
cumspection ; wariness ; caution. King Charles. 
DELIBERATION, de-l!b-er-a'-sh5n. n.s. The act 
of deliberating; thought in order to choice. Ham- 
mond. 
DELFBERATIVE, de-Hb'-er-a-tfv. a. Pertaining to 

deliberation ; apt to consider. Bp. Bn^rw. 
DELFBERATIVE, dc-lib'-fr-a-tiv. n.s. The dis- 
course in which a question is deliberated. Bacon. 
DELFBERATPTELY*, de-lfb'-er-a-tfv-le. ad. In a 

deliberative manner. Burke. i 

DE'LICACY$, del'-e-ka-se. n.s. [delkatesse, Fr.] 
Daintiness; pleasantness to the taste. Milton. 
Nicety in the choice of food. Bp. Taylor. Any 
thing highly pleasing to the senses. Milton. Soft- 
ness ; feminine beauty. Sidney. Nicety ; minute 
272 



DEL 



DEL 



— n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tnb, boll ; — oil ; — poftnd ; — th'm, thjs. 



accuracy. Dryden. Neatness ; elegance of dress 
Politeness of "manners. Spectator. Indulgence ; 
gentle treatment. Temple. Tenderness ; scrupu- 
lousness, lip. Tat/lor. Weakness of constitution. 
Smallness ; tenuitv. 
DELICATE, del'-*e-kate. 91,503. a. Nice; pleas- 
ing to the taste. Bp. Taylor. Dainty. Taller. 
Choice ; select ; excellent. Pleasing to the senses. 
Fine ; not coarse. Arbuthnot. Of polite manners. 
Soft ; effeminate ; unable to bear hardships. Shak- 
speare. Pure ; clear. Shakspeare. 
DE L1C ATE*, del'-e-kate. n. s. One very nice in 

the choice of food. Taller. 
DELICATELY, del'-e-kale-le. ad. Beautifully 5 
with soft elegance. Dryden. Finely ; not coarsely. 
Thomson. Daintily. Lament. Choicely. Polite- 
ly ; not rudely. 1 Samuel. Effeminately. 
DE'LICATENESS, deT-e-kate-nes. n.s. Tender- 
ness ; softness ; effeminacy. Dent. 
DEDICATES, del'-e-kats. n. s. plur. Niceties ; rari- 
ties. Jeremiah. 
DE'LICES, deF-e-sez. n. s. plur. [delicice, Lat.] 

Pleasures. Gower. 
To DELFCIATE*. de-lish'-e-ate. r. n. To take de- 
light 5 to feast. Partheneia Sacra. 
DELICIOUS^, de-llsh'-us. 507. a. [delicieux, Fr.] 
Sweet 3 delicate; agreeable; charming. Wood- 
ward. 
DELI'CIOUSLY, de-tfsh'-os-le. ad. Sweetly ; pleas- 

antlv ; daintily. Revelation. 
DELf ClOUSNESS, de-lrsh'-vVnes. n.s. Delight; 

pleasure ; joy. Shakspeare. 
DELIGA'TION, dei-le-ga'-shun. n. s. [deligatio, 

Lat.] A binding up in chirurgery. Wisenuxn. 
DELFGHT, de-hV. 393. n.s: \delit, old Fr.] Joy; 
content ; satisfaction. 1 Sam . That which gives 
delight. Shakspeare. 
To DELIGHTS, de-hV. v. a. To please; to con- 
tent ; to afford pleasure. Sidney. 
To DELFGHT, de-llte'. v.n. To have delight or 

pleasure in. Psalm. 
DELFGHTER*, de-ll'-tur. n. s. One who has de- 
light in a thing. Barrow. 
DELFGHTFUL, de-llle'-fiil. a. Pleasant; charm- 
ing. Sidrieu. 
DELIGHTFULLY, de-llle'-ful-le. ad. Pleasantly ; 

with delight. Milton. 
DELFGHTFULNESS, de-lile'-ful-nes. n.s. Pleas- 
ure ; satisfaction. Sidney. 
DELFGHTLESSMe-hV-les. a. Wanting delight ; 

without anv thing to cheer the mind. Thomson. 
DE'LIGHTSOME, de-llte'-sum. a. Pleasant; de- 
lightful. Sjxnser. 
DELFGHTSOMELY, de-llte'-sum-le. ad. Pleasant- 
ly. Sherwood. 
DELFGHTSOMENESS, de-llte'-sum-nes. n. s. 

Pleasantness ; delightfulness. 
DELFNEAMENT* de-hV-e-a-ment. n. s. Painting ; 

representation by delineation. Selden. 
To DELINEATES, de-hV-e-ate. v. a. [delineo, 
Lat.] To make the first draught ; to design ; to 
sketch. To paint. Brown. To describe ; to set 
forth in a lively manner. Raleigh. 
DELINEATION, de-lin-e-a'-shun. n. s. The first 

draught. Mortimer. 
DELFNEATURE* de-lk'-e-a-tshure. n.s. Delinea- 
tion. Cotsrave. 
DELFNIMENT, de-lln'-e-ment. n.s. [delinimentum, 

Lat.] A mitigating, or assuaging. Diet. 
DELFNQUENCY^de-llng'-kwen-se. n.s. [delin- 
quentia, Lat.] A fault ; a misdeed. King Charles. 
DELINQUENT, de-ling'-kwent. n.s. An offender; 

one that has eommitteua crime. B. Jonson. 
To DE'LIQUATEi del'-le-kwate. 503. v. n. [deli- 

queo, Lat.] To melt ; to be dissolved. Boyle. 
To DE'LIQU ATE*, del'-e-kwate. v.a. To dissolve. 

Cndwotth. 
DELIQUA'TION, del-le-kwa'-shfin. n. s. A melt- 
ing; a dissolving. 
DELIQUIUM, de-lik'-kwe-um. n.s. [Lat.] A dis- 
tillation by dissolvingany calcined matter, by hang- 
ing it up in moist ce'llars, into a lixivious humour. 
35 



Bp. Berkeley. A fainting, or swooning. Burton 
Defect ; loss. Crashatv. 

DELl'RAMENT, de-lV-a-ment. n s. A. doting or 
foolish fancy. Diet. 

To DELFRATE$,de-ll'-rate. "•«• [deliro,LM.] To 
dote ; to rave. Diet. 

DELIRA'TION, del-e-ra'-shun. n. s. Dotage ; mad- 
ness. Did. 

DELFRIOUS, de-lV-e-Gs. 507. a. Light-headed ; 



raving ; doting. ^. 
DELFRIOUSNESS*, de-lir'-e-us-nes. n.s. The 

slate of one raving. Johnson. 
DELIRIUM, de-liV-e-fim. n, s. [Lat.] Alienation 

of mind; dotage. Arbuthnot. 
DELITESCENCE*, del-e-tcs'-sense. n. s. [delite- 

scentia, Lat.] Retirement ; obscurity. Johnson. 
To DELFTIGATES*, de-liV-e-gate. v. a. [delitigo, 

Lat.] To scold ; to chide vehemently. Cockeram. 
DELITIGA'TION, de-lh-e-g«V-shun. n.s. A striv- 
ing ; a chiding. Diet. 
To DELFVER §, de-llv'-fir. v. a. [delivrer, Fr.] To 
set free ; to release. Prior. To save ; to rescue. 
Psalm. To surrender; to put into one's hands. 
Dent. To give; to offer; to present. 2 Kings. 
To cast away ; to throw off. Pope. To disburden 
a woman of a child. Shak. To speak ; to tell ; to 
relate ; to utter. Shak. To exert in motion. Sid- 
ney. 
To DELFVER over. v. a. To put into another's 
hands; to leave to the discretion of another. Psahn. 
To give from hand to hand; to transmit. Dnjden. 
To DELFVER up. v. a. To surrender. Romans. 
DELFVER§*,de-nV-fir. a. Nimble; free; active. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
DELFVERLY*, de-hV-vir-le. ad. Nimbly. Ob. T. 
DELFVERNESS* de-hV-ur-nes. n. s. Agility. 
DELIVERANCE, de-hV-ur-anse* n. s. The act of 
freeing from captivity ; rescue. Luke. The act of 
delivering a thing to another. The act of bringing 
children. Shak. Speaking; utterance; pronuncia- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
DELFVERER, de-llv'-ur-ur. n. s. A saver ; a res- 
cuer. Bacon. A relater. Boyle. 
DELIVERY, de-hV-ur-e. n. s. The act of deliver- 
ing. Release ; rescue ; saving. Shak. A surren- 
der ; act of giving up. Denham. Utterance ; pro- 
nunciation ; speech. Hooker. Use of the limbs , 
activity. Sidney. Childbirth. Isaiah. 
DELL. del. n. s. [dal, Dutch.] A pit; a hole in the 
ground ; any cavity in the earth, wider than a ditch 
and narrower than a valley; a little dale. Spen- 
ser. 
DELPH, delf. n. s. [from Delft.] A fine sort of earth- 
en ware. Swift. 
DE LTOIDE, deF-t6id. a. [from delta.} A triangular 
muscle arising from the clavicula, whose action is 
to raise the arm upwards. Sliarp. 
DELU/DABLE, de-hV-da-bl. 405. a. Liable to be 

deceived. Broivn. 
ToDELU'DES, de-lude'. v.a. [deludo, Lat.] To 
beguile; to cheat. Sliak. To disappoint; to frus 
trate. Old Morality of Lusty Juventus. 
DELU'DER, de-liV-dur. n. s. A beguiler ; a deceiv 

er. Granville. 
DELUDING*, de-hV-ding. n. s. Collusion ; false 

hood. Bp. Prideaux. 
DE' LUGES, deF-luje. n. s. [deluge, Fr.] A general 
inundation; laying entirely under water. Burnet. 
An overflowing of the natural bounds of a river. 
Denham. Any sudden and resistless calamity. 
To DE LUGE, deF-luje. v. a. To drown ; to lay 
totally under water. Blackmore. To overwhelm. 
Pope. 
DELU'SION, de-kV-zhfin. n. s. [delusio, Lat.] The 
act of deluding ; a cheat ; guile ; deceit. 2 Thes- 
salon. The state of one deluded. A false repre- 
sentation ; illusion ; errour. Milton. 
DELU SIVE, de-liV-siv. 158, 428. a. Apt to deceive. 

Prior. 
DELU'SORY, de-UV-sfir-e. 557, 429. a. Apt to de- 
ceive. Bp. Barlow. 
To DELVES, delv. v.a. [dalf Goth.] To dig; to 
273 



DEM 



DEM 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, p?n: 



open the ground with a spade. Shak. To fathom; 
to sift; to sound one's opinion. Sluxkspeare. 
DELVE, delv. n. s. A ditch ; a pit; a. den ; a cave. 

Spenser. 
DELVE of Coals. A certain quantity of coals dug in 

the mine. 
DE'LVER, del'-vur. 98. n. s. A digger. Fotherby. 
DEMAGOGUE, dem'-a-gog. 338. n. s. [S W ayio- 
yb> .] A ring-leader of the rabble ; a popular and 
factious orator. King Charles. 
DEMA'IN, ) Cn. s. [domaine, Fr.] That 

DEME'AN, £ de-mene'. >? land which a man holds 
DEME'SNE, S C originally of himself, op- 

posed to feodum, or fee, which signifies those lands 
that are held of a superiour lord. Phillips. Estate 
in land. Sliak. Land adjoining to the mansion, 
kept in the lord's own hand. Swift. 
To DEMA'ND §, de-mand'. 79. v. a. [demander, Fr.] 
To claim; to ask for with authority. Shak. To 
question ; to interrogate. 2 Samuel. [In law.] To 
prosecute in a real action. 
DEMA'ND, de-mand'. n. s. A claim; a chal- 
lenging. Daniel. A question; an interrogation. 
Shak. The calling for a thing in order to pur- 
chase it. Addison. [In law.] The asking of what 
is due. It hath also a proper signification dis- 
tinguished from plaint ; for ail civil actions are pur- 
sued either by demands or plaints, and the pursuer 
is called demandant or plaintiff. 
DEMA'NDABLE, de-man'-da-bl. a. That may be 

demanded. Bacon. 
DEMA'NDANT, de-man'-dfuit. n. s. He who is 
actor or plaintiff in a real action. Coke. A plain- 
tiff. Spectator. 
DEMA/NDER, de-man'-dur. n. s. One that requires 
a thing with authority. One that asks a question. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. One that asks for a thing 
in order to purchase it. Carew. A dunner; one 
that demands a debt. 
DEMA'NDERESS*, de-mand'-ur-Ss. n. s. A female 

plaintiff, or petitioner. Cotscrave. 
DEMARCA' TION*, de-mar-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 

Division; separation of territory. Burke. 
DEMA'RCH*, de-martsh'. n. s. '[demarche, old Fr.] 

Gait ; march ; walk. London Journal. 
DEME'AN, de-mene'. n. s. A mien ; presence ; car- 
riage ; demeanour. Spenser. 
To DEME'AN$, de-mene'. v. a. [demesner, Norm. 
Fr.] To behave ; to carry one's self. South. To 
lessen; to debase ; to undervalue. Shak. To treat; 
to use in a bad manner. Spenser. 
DEMEANOUR, de-me'-nfir. 314. n, s. Carriage; 

behaviour. Sidney. 
DEME'ANS, de-menz'. n. s. pi. properly demesnes, 

which see. 
DEME'ANURE*, de-mene'-ure. n. s. Behaviour. 

Barret. 
DE'MENCY* dem'-en-se. n. s. {dementia, Lat.] 

Madness. SMton. 
To DEME'NTATE §, de-meV-tate. v. a. [demento, 

Lat.] To make mad. Burton. 
DEME'NTATE*, de-men'-tate. a. Infatuated; in- 
sane. Hammond. 
DEMENT A'TION, de-rnen-ta'-shun. n. s. Making 

mad. or frantick. Whitlock. 
DEME'RIT, de-mer'-?t. n. s. [demeritus, Lat.] The 
opposite to merit ; ill-deserving. Spenser. Ancient- 
ly the same with merit ; desert. Shakspeare. 
To DEME'RIT, de-mer'-ft. v. a. To deserve blame 

or punishment. Shelford. 
DEME'RSED §, de-merst', or de-mer'-seU a. Plung- 
ed ; drowned. Diet. 
DEME'RSION, de-mer'-shSn. n. s. [demersio, Lat.] 
A drowning. The putting any medicine in a dis- 
solving liquor. 
DEME'SNE. See Demain. 

DE'Ml §, dem -e. inseparable particle, [demi, Fr.] 
Half; one of two equal parts. This word is only 
used in composition ; as, demigod, that is, half hu- 
man, half divine. 
DEMI-CANNON Lowest. A great gun that carries 
a ball of thirty pounds weight. Diet. 



DEMI-CANNON Ordinary. A great gun that 

carries a shol thirty-two pounds weight. Did. 
DEMI-CANNON of the greatest Size. A gun that 

carries a ball thirty-six pounds weight. Diet. 
DEMI-CULVERIN of the lowest Size. A gun that 

carries a ball nine pounds weight. Diet. 
DEMI-CULVERIN Ordinary. A gun that carries 

a ball ten pounds eleven ounces weight. 
DEMI-CULVERIN Elder Sort. A gun that carries 
a ball twelve pounds eleven ounces weight. Mili- 
tary Diet. 
DEMI-DEVIL, dem'-e-dev'-vl. n. s. Half a clevil. 

Shakspeare. 
DEMI-GOD, dem'-e-god. n. s. Partaking of divine 

nature; half a god. Sidneu. 
DEMI-LANCE, dem'-e-laiise. n. s. A light lance. 

Dryden. 
DEMI-MAN, dem'-e-man. n.s. Haifa man. Knolles. 
DEMI-NATURED*, dem'-e-na'-tshurd. a. Par- 
taking half the nature of another animal. Shak. 
DEMI-PREMISES*, dem'-e-prem'-c-sez. n. s. plur. 

Half premises. Hooker. 
DEMI-REP*, deW-e-rep. n. s. [demi, and an abbre- 
viation of reputation.] A woman suspected of un- 
chastity, but not convicted. Burney. 
DEMLAVOLF, deV-e-wulf. n. s. A mongrel dog 

between a dog and wolf. Shakspeare. 
To DE'M1GRATE§*. dem'-e-grate. v. a. [demigro. 
Lat.] To move from one place to another. 
Cockeram. 
DEMIGRA'TION*, dem-e-gra'-shun. «. 5. Change 

of habitation. Cockeram. 
DEMFSE, de-mlze'. n. s. [demise, Fr.] Death ; de- 
cease. Used only of a crowned head, or of the 
crown itself. Blackstone. 
To DEMFSE §, de-mlze'. v. a. To giant at one's 

death ; to grant by will. Swift. 
DEMI'SS§#, de-mis', a. [demissus, Lat.] Humble. 

Spenser. 
DEMI'SSION, de-m.sh'-fin. n. s. Degradation ; dimi- 
nution of dignity. L' Estrange. 
DEMI'SSLY*, de-mfs'-le. ad. In an humble manner. 

Sherwood. 
DE'MISSORY*. See Dimissory. 
To DEMPT §, de-mu/. v. a. [demitto, Lat.] To de- 
press; to hang down ; to let fall. Brown. To sub- 
mit; to humble. Norris. 
DEMOCRACY §, de-m6k'-kra-se. n. s. [fopoKparta.J 
Sovereign power lodged in the collective body of 
the people. Temple. 
DE'MOCRAT*, deW-6-krat. ) n. s. One de- 

DEMO'CRATIST*, de-m6k'-ra-tlst. \ voted to de- 
mocracy. Burke. 
DEMGCRA'TICAL, dem-o-krat'-e-kal.SSO. ; 
DEMOCRA'TICK*, dem-6-kratMk. \ 

Pertaining to a popular government ; popular. 
Brown. 
DEMOCRATICALLY*, dem-o-krat'-e-kal-le. ad. 

In a democrat ical manner. Algernon Sidney. 
DEMO'CRATY*, de-m&k'-ra-te. n. s. Democracy 

Burton. 
To DEMO'LISH$, de-mol'-llsh. v. a. [demolior 
Lat.] To throw down buildings; to raze; to de- 
stroy. Tilbtson. 
DExMO'LISHER, de-m6l'-l?sh-fir. n. s. One that 
throws down; a destroyer; a layer waste. Bp. 
Taiilor. 
DEMO'LISHMENT* de-mol'-lsh-ment. n.s. Ruin; 

destruction. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DEMOLITION, dem-o-lfsh'-un. 530. n. s. The act 
of overthrowing buildings ; destruction. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 
DE'MON §, de'-m6n. n. s. [<5a«7/u>f.] A spirit; gen- 
erally an evil spirit ; a devil. Mede. 
DE'MONESS* de'-m6n-£s. n. s. A pretended female 

divinity. Mede. 
DEMONIACAL, dem-o-nl'-a-kal. ) 506. <j, Belong- 
DEMONIACK, de-m6'-ne-ak. < ing to the dev- 
il ; devilish. Milton. Influenced by the devil. 
Milton. 
DEMO'NIACK, de-mo'-ne-ak. 505. n. s. One pos 
sessed by the devil. Bentley. 
274 



DEM 



DEN 



-116, move. n6r. nOI ;— t.'.be. tftb, bill ;— o-H ; — p6find ;— th 



ill, THIS. 



DEMCKNIAN, de-n^'-ne-an. ,7. Devilish. Mfld*. 
DEMONO'CRAOY. de-ine-nok -nWo. ,,. s. The 

power of the devil. Diet. 
DEMONO'LATRY, de-mo-nol'-a-tro. n. s. [,W- 
piov and AarpEja.] The worship of the devil. Mer. 
-''■(»». 
DEMOSO'LOGY, dem-o-n6l -6-j<\ 530. n.s. (7- ,>„,■ 
and \6yos.] Discourse of the nature of ctevils. 
Howell. 
DEMO'NOMIST*, de-m6n'-6-m?st. 11. s. One living 

in subjection to the devil. Sir T. Herbert. 
DEMOfaOMY*. de-m6n'-o-me. n. s. [tatpbtv and 
vdftos.] The dominion of the devil. Sir T. Herbert. 
DE MONSHIP*, de'-mon-ship. n. s. The state of a 

demon. Made. 
DEMONSTRABLE.. de-mdn'-stra-bU. Thai which 
may be proved beyond doubt or contradiction. 
Glanvi/le. 
DEMO'NSTRABLENESS*. de-m&n'-stra-bl-nes. 

n. s. Capability of demonstration. Clarke. 
DEMONSTRABLY, de-mon'-stra-ble. ad. Evident- 
lv ; bevond possibilitv of contradiction. Clarendon. 
To DEMONSTRATE f. de-m6n'-strate. 91. v. a. 
[demonstro, Lat.] To prove with the highest de- 
cree of certaintv. Tillotson. 
DEMONSTRATION, dem-m6n-stra / -sh&n. 530. 
n.s. The highest degree of deducible or argumental 
evidence. Hooker. Indubitable evidence of the 
senses or reason. Tillotson. 
DEMONSTRATIVE, de-mon'-stra-tiv. a. Having 
the power of demonstration. Hooker. Having the 
power of expressing clearly and certainly. Dry- i 
den. 
DEMONSTRATIVELY, de-m6n'-stra-t?v-le. ad. 
With evidence not to be opposed or doubted. South. 
Clearlv; plainly; with certain knowledge. Brown. 
DEMONSTRATOR, dein-m&n-stra'-tr.r. n. s. One 
that proves ; one that leaches ; one that demon- 
strates. Smith. 
55° The accent on the penultimate syllable of this word 
seems appropriated to one whose office it is to demon- 
strate or exhibit any part of philosophy: when it mere- 
ly means one wno Demonstrates any thing in general, the 
accent is on the same sy..ab]e as the verb. 521. TV. 
DEMO'NSTRATORY, de-mon'-stra-nV-e. 512. a. 

Having the tendency to demonstrate. 
DEMORALIZATION*, de-m&r-al-e-za'-sh&n. n.s. 

Destruction of morals. Quarterly Review. 
To DEMORALIZE $#, de-mtV-al-lze. v. a. To de- 
stroy morals and moral feeling. Crit. Rev. 
To DEMU'LCE$* de-mulse'. v. a. [demulceo, Lat.] 

To soothe ; to pacify. Sir T. Elyot. Oh. T. 
DE.MU'LCENT, de-m&l'-sent. a. "Softening ; molli- 
fying. Arbuthnot. 
To DEMU'R $, de-miV. v. n. [demurer, Fr.] To de- 
lay a process in law by doubts and objections. 
Walton. To pause in "uncertainty; to hesitate. 
Hay ward. To doubt; to have scruples. Bentley. 
To DEMU'R, de-mur'. v. a. To doubt of. Milton: 
DEMU'R, de-miV. n.s. Doubt; hesitation. Abp. 

Cramner. 
DEML T/ RE§, de-mure', a. [des moeirrs, Fr.] Sober; 
decent. Spenser. Grave ; affectedly modest. Shak. 
To DEML T/ RE, de-mure', v. n. To look with an af- 
fected modesty. Shakspeare. 
DEMU'RELY, de-more'-le. ad. With affected mod- 
esty ; with pretended gravity. Shak. Solemnly. 
Shakspeare. 
DEMU'RENESS, de-mure'-nes. n. s. Modesty; so- 
berness. Sidney. Affected modesty; pretended 
gravitv. South. 
DEMURRAGE, de-m&r'-r?dje. n. s. An allowance 
made by merchants to masters of ships, for their 
stay in a port beyond the time appointed. 
DEMU'RRER, de-murmur. 98. n.s. A kind of pause 
upon a point of difficulty in an action. Cowel. One 
who pauses in uncertainty. Young. 
DEMY'*, de-mi', n. s. [demi, Fr.] A term relating to 
the size of paper; as, demy, medium, royal, or 
large; of which the demy "is the smallest". The 
name of a scholar, or half fellow, at Magdalen 
College, Oxford. 



DEN §, den. n. s. [ben ? Sax.] A cavern or hoi 
low running with a small obliquity under ground 
Hooker. 1 he cave of a wild beast. Shak. Den, 
the termination of a local name, may signify either 
a valley or a woody place. Gibson. 

To DEN*, den. v. n. To dwell as in a den. Cham- 
fers. 

DENARY*, den/4-re. n.s. [de.iarius, Lat.'] Tha 
number often. Sir Kenelm Digby. 

To DENATIONALIZE*, de-nash'-On-al-lzc. v. a. 
To take away national rights. Declaration of the 
Prince Regent, of Gr. Brit, and Irel. Jan. 181& 

ins Denial ; refusal. Shakspeare. 
v. a. [denego, Lat.] To deny. 



l)ENA'Y*.de-na 
To DENA'Y <S de-iii 

Speaker. Ub. T. 
DENDUO'LOGY, den-drol'-io-je. 518. n.s. [oYvopov 

and \6yos.~\ The natural history of trees. 
To DE'NEGATE §#, den'-e-gate. v. a. [denego, Lat.] 

To deny. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
DENEGA'TION*, den-e-ga'-sh&n. n. s. A denying. 

Bullokar. 
DENI'ABLE, de-nl'-a-bl. a. That which may be 

denied. Brown. 
DENI'AL, de-ni'-al. n. s. Negation; the contrary to 
affirmation. Negation ; the contrary to confess 
sion. Sidney. Refusal ; the contrary to grant. 
Shak. Abjuration 5 the contrary to acknowledge- 
ment of adherence. South. 
DENI'ER, de-nl'-fir. 98. n.s. A conivadicter: an 
opponent. Watts. A disowner. Bacon. A re- 
fuser. Kino- Charles. 
DENIE R. de-nere'. n. s. [denarius, Lat.] A small 
denomination of French money ; the twelfth part 
of a sous. Shakspeare. 
To DE'NIGRATE$, den'-e-grate, or de-ni'-grate. 

v. a. [denigro, Lat.] To blacken. Brown. 
§Cr All cur lexicographers, except Dr. Johnson, accent. 
this wurd on the Second syllable. LfaciAg the accent 
on the first is undoubtedly conformable to a very pre- 
vailing analogy of our language. 503. But all words 
derived from Latin words, retaining the same number 
of syllables, seem to retain the accent of their original. 
503, (e.) Thus, to denigrate has the accent on the »*, 
becaus/3 that letter is long, and has the accent in deni- 
gro ; arid to emigrate has the accent on the first syl- 
lable, because in emigro the same letter is short, and 
the accent is on the antepenultimate. — See Arietate 
and Coacertats. 
In a former edition of this [Walker's] dictionary I follow- 
ed the general voice of ail our crthoepists, except Dr. 
Johnson, without recollecting that the i in the Latin 
denigro might be pronounced either long or short ; 
and tbat, when this is .he case, we generally adopt the 
r-hort sound in words I'erived from that language: and 
as this slicit Hound is more agreeable to the' analogy of 
our own language, Dr. Johnson's accentuation seeiris to 
be preferable. 503, 545. W. 
DENIGRATION, den-e-gra'-shun. n. s. A black- 
ening. Bovle. 
DENIZATION, den-ne-za'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 

enfranchising. Davies. 
DE'NIZEN $, i ,, , , 7n ( 103. ; n.s. [dinasddyn. 
DE NISONv. \ den '^' 7a - J 170. \ a man of the 
city, or dinesydd. free of the city, Welsh.] A free- 
man ; one enfranchised ; a stranger made free. 
Dames. 
ToDE'NIZEN, den'-e-zn. v. a. To enfranchise. 

Drayton. 
DENO'MINABLE, de-n&m'-e-na-bl. a. That may 

be named. Brown. 
To DENOMINATE f.de-nom'-e-nate. *«. [denom- 

inn, Lat.] To name ; to give a name to. Hooker. 
DENOMINATION, de-nom-e-na'-shun. n. s. A 

name given to a thing. Spenser. 
DENO'MINATP/E, de-i^m'-e-na-tiy. a. That which 
gives a name. That which obtains a distinct ap- 
pe?lation. Cocker 
DENOMINATOR, de-n6m'-e-na-tur. 521. n. s. Th* 

g-iver of a name. Brown. 
DENOMIN A'TOR of a Fr-action, is the number below 
the line, showing the nature and quality of the parts 
which any integer is supposed to be divided into. 
DENO'TA'BLE* de-n6'-ta-bl. a. Capable of being- 
marked. Sir T. Br men. 

275 



DEO 



DEP 



(G» 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



To DE'NOTATE*. See To Denote. 
DENOTATION, den-6-ta'-shfin. n.s. The act of 

denoting. Hammond. 
DENOTATIVE*, de-n6'-ta-uV. a. Having the power 

to denote. Cotgrave. 
To DENOTE $, de-n6te'. v. a. [denoto, Lat.] To 

mark 5 to be a sign of; to betoken. Shakspeare. 
DENOTEMENT*, de-n6te'-ment. n. s. Sign ; indi- 
cation. Shakspeare. 
DENOUEMENT*, de-noS'-mdng'. n. s. [Fr.] 
The discovery of the plot of a drama. Dr. War- 
ton. 
To DENO'UNCE$, de-n6unse'. v. a. [denuncio, 
Lat.] To threaten by proclamation. Devi. To 
threaten by some outward sign. Milton. To give 
information against ; to accuse publickly. Ayliffe. 
DENOUNCEMENT, de-ndunse'-ment. n. s. The 

act of proclaiming any menace. Brown. 
DENO'UNCER, de-n6un'-sur. n. s. One that declares 

some menace. Milton. 
DENSE §, dense, a. [densus, Lat.] Close ; compact ; 

approaching to solidity. Bacon. 
DE'NSITY, deV-se-te. n.s. Closeness ; compactness. 

Newton. 
DENT*, dent. 11. s. A stroke or blow. See Dint. 
DE'NTAL§, den'-tal. a. [denialis, Lat.] Belonging to 
the teeth. Gayton. [In grammar.] Pronounced 
principally by the agency of the teeth. Bacon. 
DE'NTAL, denial, n. s. A small shell fish. Wood- 
ward. 
DE'NTED*, denoted, a. [dente 1 , Fr.] Notched. Bar- 
ret. 
DENTE'LLI, den-lel'-le. n, s. [Ital.] Modillons. 

Spectator. 
DENTICULATION, d£n-tik-u-la'-shuu. n. s. [drn- 
ticulatus, Lat.] The state of being set with small 
teeth, or prominences resembling teeth, like those 
of a saw. Grew. 
DENTFCULATED, den-tfk'-u-la-ted. a. Set with 

small teeth. 
DENTIFRICE, den'-te-frfs. U&*ft.% [dens and 
frico, Lat.] A powder made to scour the teeth. B. 
Jonson. 
To DENTFSE, den-tlze', v. a. To have the teeth re- 
newed. Bacon. Ob. J. 
DENTIST*, den'-tlst. n. s. One who professes to heal 

the diseases of the teeth. 
DENTFTION, den-tlsh'-un. n. s. Breeding the teeth. 
The time at which children's teeth are bred. Smith. 
To DENU'DATE$, de-mV-date. [See To Deni- 
grate.] v. a. [denudo, Lat.] To divest ; to strip. 
Hammond. 
DENUDATION, den-nu-da'-shun. 527. n. s. Strip- 
ping or making naked. Bp. Hall. 
To DENU'DE, de-nude', v. a. To strip. K. Charles 
To DENUNCIATE$*, de-nfin'-she-ate. v. a. [de- 
nuncio, Lat.] To denounce; to threaten. Burke. 
DENUNCIATION, de-n&n-she-a'-shun. n.s. The 
act of denouncing. Ward. Publication ; sanction. 
Shakspeare. 
DENUNCIATOR, de-n&n-she-a'-tur. n. s. He that 
proclaims any threat. He that lays an information 
against another. Ayliffe. 
To DENY' §, de-nK v. a. [denego, Lat.] To contra- 
dict ; opposed to affirm. To contradict an accusa- 
tion. Genesis. To refuse ; not to grant. Slmk. To 
disown. Joshua. To renounce ; to disregard. Sprat. 
To DEOBSTRU'CT $, de-ob-strukt'. v . a. [deob- 

struo, Lat.] To clear from impediments. More, 
DEO'BSTRUENT, de-6b'-stru-ent. a. [deobstruens, 
Lat.] Having the medicinal power to resolve vis- 
cidities, or to open the animal passages. Arbuihnot. 
DEO'BSTRUENT*, de-6b'-stru-ent. n. s. A medi- 
cine that has the power to resolve viscidities,, or to 
open the animal passages. Bp, Berkeley. 
DE'ODAND, de'-o-dand. n. s, [Deo dandum, Lat.] 
A thing given or forfeited to God for the pacifying 
of his wrath, in case of any misfortune, by which any 
Christian comes to a violent end, without the fault 
of any reasonable creature. Cowel. 
To DEONERATE*, de-&n'-er-ate. v. a. [deonero, 
Lat.] To unload. Cockeram. 



roDEOTPILATE§, de-6p'- P e-late •_• a [tk and 
oppilo, Lat.] To clear a pa <sage ; to tree from ob- 
structions. 

DEOPPILATION, de-6p-pe-la'-shun. n.s. Clear- 
ing obstructions; removal of what obstructs the 
vital passages. Brown. 

DEO'PPILATlVE ; de-dp'-pe-la-tlv. a. Deobstruent. 
Harvey. 

DEORDINATION*, de-6r-de-na/-sh&n. n.s. [de and 
ordinatio, Lat.] Disorder. Dr. Rawley. 

To DEO'SCULATE$*, de-&s'-ku-late. v. a. [deos- 
culor, Lat.] To kiss. Cockeram. 

DEOSCULATION, de-os-ku-la'-shun. n.s. Kissing 
Stillingjleet. 

To DEPA'INT §, de-pant', v. a. [depeindre, Fr.] To 
picture ; topaint. Spenser. To describe. Meres. 

DEPAINTER*, de-pane'-tur. n. s. A painter. G. 
Douglas. Ob. T. 

To DEPA'RT §, de-part', v.n. [depart, Fr.] To go 
away from a place. Susanna. To desist from a 
practice. 2 Kings. To be lost; to perish. 2 Esd. 
To desert ; to revolt ; to apostatize. Isaiah. To de- 
sist from a resolution. Clarendon. To die ; to de- 
cease. Gen. To part with. Shakspeare. 

To DEPA'RT, de-part', v. a. To quit ; to leave. B. 
Jonson. To leave the world. Communion Ser- 
vice. 

To DEPA'RT §, de-part', v. a. [departir, old Fr.] To 
separate ; to part. Salisbury Manucd. To distri- 
bute. Liber Festivalis. 

DEPA'RT, de-part', n. s. The act of going away. 
Spenser. Death. Shak. [With chymists.] An ope- 
ration so named, because the particles of silver are 
departed or divided from gold, or other metal. Ba- 
con. 

DEPA'RTER, de-par'-tur. n.s. 
metals by separation. 

DEPARTING*, de-part'-ing. n 
Heb. Separation. Shakspeare. 

DEPARTMENT, de-part'-ment 
lotment ; province or business assigned to a partic- 
ular person. Arbuilvnot. A division or extent of 
country under the same jurisdiction. Guthrie. 

DEPARTMENTAL*, de-part-men'-tal. a. Belong- 
ing to a department, or province. Burke. 

DEPARTURE, de-par'-tshure. 461. 
away. Shak. Death ; decease 
saking ; an abandoning. Tillotson. 

DEPA'SCENT, de-pas'-sent. a. Feeding. 

To DEPASTURES, de-pas'-tshure. v. a. [depascor, 
Lat.] To eat up ; to consume by feeding upon it. 
Spenser. 

To DEPA'STURE*, de-pas'-tshure. v.n. To feed; 
to graze. Blackstone. 

To DEPAU'PERATE, de-paw'-per-ate. v. a. [de- 
paupero, Lat.] To make poor ; to empoverish. 
Smith. 

DEPE'CTIBLE, de-p£k'-te~bl. a. [depecto, Lat.] 
Tough ; clammy. Bacon. 

To DEPE'INCT, de-pant'. 1 
depaint ; to paint. Spenser. 

DEPECULATION*, de-pek-u-la'-shun. n. s. [de- 
peculatio, Lat.] A robbing of the commonwealth. 
Cockeram. 

To DEPENDS, de-pgnd'. v. n. [dependeo, Lat.] To 
hang from. Dryden. To be in a .slate influenced 
by some external cause. To be in a state of de- 
pendence. Shak. To be connected with any thing, 
as with its cause. Rogers. To be in suspense. Ba- 
con. To be fixed with attention. Dryden. 
To DEPE'ND upon. To rely on. Clarendon. 

DEPE'NDANCE, de-pen'-danse. ) n. s. The state 

DEPE'NDANCY,de-pen'-dan-se S of hanging down 
from a supporter. Something hanging upon anoth- 
er. Dryden. Concatenation ; connexion. Locke. 
State of being at the disposal or under the sove- 
reignty of another. Tillotson. The things or per- 
sons of which any man has the dominion or dispo- 
sal. Bacon. Reliance; trust; confidence. Hooker. 
DEPENDANT, de-pen'-dant. a. Hanging down. 
Relating to something previous. In the power of 
another. Hooker. 

276 



One that refines 
s. A going away. 
Separate al- 



A going 

A for- 



[depeindre, Fr.] To 



1 



DEP 



DEP 



-no, move, nflr, not ;— tube, tftb, bull ; — 611 ;— p6und ; — thin, this. 



DEPE'NDANT, de-pen'-dant. n. s. One who lives in 
subjection ; a retainer. Sliakspeare. 

DEPENDENCE, de-p&i'-dense. ) n. s. A thing or 

DEPENDENCY, de-pen'-den-se. S person at the 
disposal or discretion of another. Collier. State of 
being - subordinate. Shak. That which is not prin- 
cipal-, that which is subordinate. Burnet. Concate- 
nation j connexion. Shak. Relation of any thing 
to another. Burnet. Trust ; reliance ; confidence. 
Stillin&fleet. 

DEPENDENT, de-pen'-dent. a. Hanging down. 
Peacham. 

DEPENDENT, de-pen'-dent. n. s. One subordi- 
nate ; one at the disposal of another. Rogers. 

DEPE NDER, de-pen'-d&r. 98. n s. A dependant. 
Sha/cs])eare. 

DEPE'RDITELY*. de-neY-d(t-le. ad. [deperditus, 
Lat.] Tn a lost or ruined manner. Dean King. 

DEPERDITION, dep-eT-dish'-&n. 527. n. s. "Loss; 
destruction. Brown. 

roDEPHLEGM^de-flem'. 389. ) 91. v. a. 

7'oDEPHLEGMATE$, de-fleg'-mate. \ [dephleg- 
mo. low Lat.l To clear from phlegm. Boyle. 

DEPHLEGMA'TION, def-fleg-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. 
An operation which takes away from the phlegm 
anv spirituous fluid by repeated distillation. Quincy. 

DEPHLE'GMEDNESS, de-flem'-ed-nes. n. s. The 
qualitv of being freed from phlegm. Boyle. 

To DEPFCTvS de-plkt'. v. a. (depingo, depictum, 
Lat.] To paint ; to portray. Bp. Taylor. To de- 
scribe. Fellon. 

To DEPICTURE*, de-pik'-tshure. v. a. To repre- 
sent in colours. Weever. 

To DE'PILATE }*. dep'-e-late. v. a. [depilo, Lat.] 
To pull off hair. Cockeram. 

DEPILA'TION*, dep'-e-la'-shun. n.s. A pulling off 
the hair. Dryden. 

DEPFLATORY, de-pil'-la-t&r-e. n. s. Any ointment, 
salve, or water, which takes away hair. Cotgrave. 

DEPI LATORY*, de-pu'-la-tur-e. a. Taking away 
the hair. Chambers. 

DE'PILOUS, de-pl'-lus. a. Without hair. Brown. 

DEPLANTA'TION,dep'-lan-ta'-shun. n.s. [deplan- 
to. Lat.] Taking plants up from the bed. Diet. 

DEPLETION, de-ple'-shun. n. s. [depleo, depletus. 
Lat.] Emptying. Arbuthnot. 

DEPLO'RABLE, de-pl6'-ra-bl. a. Lamentable ; de- 
manding or causing lamentation ; dismal ; sad. 
Clarendon. In a more lax sense, contemptible ; 
despicable. 

DEPLCRABLENESS, de-pl6'-ra-bl-nes. n.s. The 
state of bein? deplorable. Diet. 

DEPLO'RAfiLY, de-pUV-ra-ble. ad. Lamentably; 
miserably. South. 

DETLO'RATE, de-pl6'-rate. 91. [See To Deni- 
grate.] a. Lamentable ; hopeless. L' Estrange. 

DEPLORA'TION, dep-l6-ra'-shun. 530. n. s. De- 
ploring or lamenting. Bullokar. 

To DEPLO'RE§ ; de-plore'. v. a. [deploro, Lat.] To 
lament; to bewail ; to mourn. Sliakspeare. 

DEPLO'REDLY*, de-pl6'-red-le. ad. Lamentably. 
Bp. Taiflor. 

DEPLO'REMENT*, de-plore'-ment. n. s. A weep- 
ing; a lamenting. Cockeram. 

DEPLO'RER, de-pl6'-rur. n. s. A lamenter ; a 
mourner. 

To DEPLO'Y*, de-pl6e'. v. a. [depfoyer, Fr.] To 
display. A column of troops is deployed, when the 
divisions spread wide, or open out. 

DEPLUMA'TION,dep-lu-ma'-sh6n. 527. n.s. Pluck- 
ing off the feathers. Cotgrave. [In surgery.] A 
swelling of the eyelids, accompanied with the fall 
of the hairs from the eye-brows. Phillips. 
2'oDEPLU'ME$, de-plume', v. a. [de and pluma, 

Lat.l To strip of its feathers. Hayward. 
To DEPO'NE§. de-p6ne'. v. a. [depono, Lat.] To 
lay down as a pledge or security. To risk upon 
the success of an adventure. Hudibras. 
DEPONENT, de-p6'-nent. 503. n. s. One that depo- 
ses his testimony ; an evidence ; a witness. Cowel. 
[In grammar.] Such verbs as have no active voice 
are called deponents. Clark 



DEPO'NENT* de-po'-nent. u. Applied to particular 
verbs in Latin. 

To DEPOPULATE §, de-p&p'-u-late. »•«• \depop- 
tdor, Lat.] To unpeople ; to lay waste. Sliak. 

To DEPOPULATE*, de-pdp'-u-late. v.n. To be- 
come dispeopled. Goldsmith. 

DEPOPULATION, de-p&p-u-la'-shon. n. s. The 
act of unpeopling ; havock ; waste. Sir T. Elyot. 

DEPOPULA^OR, de-p6p'-u-la-t6x. 521. n. s. A 
dispeople!- ; a waster of inhabited countries. Ful- 
ler. 

To DEPORT §, de-port', v. a. [deporter, Fr.] To 
cany ; to demean ; to behave. Bp. Hall. 

DEPO'RT, de-port', n.s. Demeanour ; grace of at- 
titude ; deportment. Milton. 

DEPORTATION, dep-6r-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [deporta- 
tio, Lat.] Transportation ; exile into a remote part 
of the dominion. Exile in general. Aylijfe. 

DEPO'RTMENT, de-port'-ment. 512. n. s. [deporte- 
ment, Fr.] Conduct; management. Wotton. De- 
meanour ; behaviour. Swift. 

DEPO'SABLE*, de-p6'-za-bl. a. Capable of being 
taken away. 

DEPO'SAL*, de-p6'-zal. n. s. The act of depriving 
a prince of sovereignty. Fox. 

To DEPO'SE §, de-p6ze'. v. a. [deposer, Fr.] To lay 
down ; to lodge ; to let fall. Woodward. To de- 
grade from a throne or high station. Shaksjxare. 
To take awav; to divest. Shak. To lay aside. 
Barrow. To lay up as a security. To give testi- 
mony ; to attest. Shak. To examine any one on 
his oath. Sliakspeare. 

To DEPO'SE, de-p6ze'. v. n. To bear witness. Sid- 
ney. 

DEPO'SER*, de-po'-zfir. n. s. One who deposes or 
degrades another from a high station. Davenant. 

DEPO'SING*, de-p6'-zmg. n. s. The act of dethron- 
ing. Selden. 

To DEPO'SIT §, de-pdz'-lt. v. a. [depositum, Lat.] 
To lay up ; to lodge in any place. Garth. To lay 
up as a pledge, or security. To place at interest 
Sprat. To fay aside. Smith. 

DEPO'SIT, de-p6z'-?t. 154. n. s. Any thing commit- 
ted to the care of another. Burke. A pledge ; a 
pawn. Pownall. The state of a thing pawned or 
pledged. Bacon. 

DEPOSITARY, de-p&z'-e-tar-e. 512. n. s. One with 
whom any thing is lodged in trust. Sliakspeare. 

DEPO'SITING*, de-poz'-fr-fng. n. s. A laying aside. 
Decay of Christian Piety. 

DEPOSITION, dep-p6-z?sh'-un. n. s. The act of 
giving publick testimony. Sir K. Digby. The act 
of degrading a prince from sovereignty. Boling- 
broke. [In canon law.] Deposition properly signi- 
fies a solemn depriving of a man of his clerical or- 
ders. Aylijfe. 

DEPO'SITORY, de-p6z'-e-tiVe. n. s. The place 
where any thing is lodged. Burke. 

DEPO'SITUm, de-p6z'-e-tum. n. s. [Lat.l That 
which is intrusted to the care of another; a deposit. 
Warburton. 

DEPO' T* de-p6'. n.s. [Fr.] A place, in which 
stores are deposited for the use of an army. British 
Criticlc. 

DEPRAVA'TION, dep-ra-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The 
act of making any thing bad ; corruption. Swift. 
Degeneracy ; depravity. South. Defamation ; cen- 
sure. Sliakspeare. 

To DEPRA'VE §, de-prave'. v. a. [depraro, Lat.] To 
vitiate ; to corrupt ; to contaminate. Hooker. To 
misrepresent ; to wrest ; to defame. Barret. 

DEPRA'VEDLY*, de-pra -ved-le. ad. Corruptedly , 
in a vitiated manner. Brown. 

DEPRA'VEDNESS, de-pra'-ved-nes. n. s. Corrup- 
tion. Bp. Hall. 

DEPRA'VEMENT, de-prave'-ment. n.s. A vitiated 
state ; corruption. Brown. 

DEPRA'VER, de-pra'-v&r. n. s. A corrupter. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

DEPRA'VING*, de-pra'-vmg. n. s. Traducing or 
vilifying. Act for the Uniformity of Common 
Prayer. 

277 



DEP 



DER 



1EF 559.— Fkie, far, fall, fat ;— ™&, met ;— pine, p?n 



DEPRAVITY, de-prav'-e-te. 511. n. s. Corruption; 

a vitiated state. Leland. 
To DEPRECATE §, dep'-pre-kate. 91. v. a. [dep, 
cor, Lat.] To beg- off; to pray deliverance from ; to 
avert by prayer. Hewyt. To implore mercy of. 
Prior. 
DEPRECATION, dep-pre-ka'-shim. n.s. Prayer 
against evil. Don?ie. Entreaty; petitioning. An 
excusing ; a begging pardon for. Abp. Usher. 
DEPRECATIVE, dep'-pre-ka-dv. ) 512. a. That 
DEPRECATORY, deV-pre-ka-tfir-e. \ serves to 

deprecate ; apologetick. Bacon. 
DETRECATOR, dep'-re-ka-tur. n.s. One that averts 

evil by petition. 
To DEPRECIATE §, de-pre'-she-ate. 91. v.a. [de- 
pretiare, Lat.] To bring a thing down to a lower 
price. To undervalue. Addison. 
DEPRECIATION*, de-pre-she-a'-shfin. n.s. Les- 
sening the worth or value of any thing. Bm-gess. 
To DEPREDATE^, dey-pre-date. 91. v. a. [deprce- 
dari, Lat.] To rob ; to pillage. To spoil ; to de- 
vour. Bacon. 
DEPREDATION, dep-pre-da'-shan. n. s. A rob- 
bing ; a spoiling. Hayward. Voracity; waste. Ba- 
con. 
DETREDATOR, d^p'-pre-da-tur. 521. n. s. A rob- 
ber 5 a devourer. Bacon. 
To DEPREHE'ND$, dep-pre-hSnd'. v. a. [dejyre- 
hendo, LaL] To catch one ; to take unawares. 
Hooker. To discover; to find out a thing. Bacon. 
To DEPREHE'ND*, dep-pre-heml'. v. n. To dis- 
cover. Sir T. Elyot. 
DEPREHE'NSIBLE, dep-pre-heV-se-bl. a. That 
may be caught. That may be understood, or dis- 
covered. Sir W. Petty. 
DEPREHE'NSIBLENESS^ep-pre-heV-se-bl-nes. 
u. s. Capableness of being caught. Intelligibleness 
DEPREHENSION, dep-pre-hen'-shun. n.s. A catch, 
ing or taking unawares. Bp. Hall. A discovery. 
To DEPRESS §, de-preV. v. a. [depressus, of depri- 
mo, Lat.] To press, or thrust down. Milton. To 
jet fall ; to let down. Newton. To humble ; to de- 
ject ; to sink. Locke. 
DEPRESSION, de-preW-un. n.s. The act of press- 
ing down. Wotion. The sinking or falling in of a 
surface. Boyle. The act of humbling ; abasement. 
Bacon. Depression of an equation, is the bring- 
ing of it into lower and more simple terms by divis- 
ion Diet. Depression of a slur, is the distance 
of a star from the horizon below. Did. 
DEPRESSIVE*, de-preV-siv. a. Lowering. Thom- 
son. 
DEPRESSOR, de-preV-sur. 166. n. s. He that 
keeps or presses down. Aim. Usher. An oppressor. 
DEPRESSOR, de-preV-sur. n. s. A term given to 
several muscles of the body, whose action is to de- 
press the parts to which they adhere. 
DETRIMENT, dey-re-ment. a. [deprimens, Lat.] 
An epithet applied to one of the straight muscles 
that move the globe of the eye, its use being to pull 
it downwards. Derham. 
DEPRFVABLE*, de-prl'-va-bl. a. Liable to depri- 
vation. Hooker. 
DEPRIVATION, dep-pre-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The 

act of depriving. The state of losing. Bentlen. 
DEPRIVATION, dep-pre-va'-shun. n.s. [In law.] 
Is when a clergyman is deprived, or deposed from 
his preferment, for any matter in fact or law. 
Phillips. 
To DEPRFVE$, de-prlve'. v.a. [de and privo, Lat.] 
To bereave one of a thing. Job. To hinder ; to 
debar from. Milton. To release; to free from. 
Spenser. To put out of an office. Bacon. 
DEPRFVEMENT*, de-prlve'-ment. n. s. The state 

of losing. Ricaut. 
DEPRFVER*, de-prl'-v5r. n.s. That which takes 

away or bereaves. Cleaveland. 
DEPTHS, dHh, n.s. [diupith, Goth.] Deepness. 
Bacon. De?* ,jlace; not a shoal. Dryaen. The 
abyss; a guif of infinite profundity. Proverbs. 
The middle or height of a season. Denluxm. Ab- 
struseness ; obscurity. Addison. Sagacity. South. 



— Depth of a squadron or battalion, is the number 

of men in the file. Military Dictionary. 
To DETTHEN, dfy-ihn. 103. v.a. To deepen. 

Diet. 
roDEPU'CELATE^e-puZ-se-lale. v.a. [depuceler, 

Fr.] Todeflour; to bereave of virginity. Did. 
To DEPIPLSE §* de-pulse', v. a. [depello, depulsum, 

Lat.] To drive awa}'. Cockeram. 
DEPIPLSION, de-puKsh&n. 177. n. s. A driving or 

thrusting away. Cockeram. 
DEPU'LSORY, de-pal' s&r-e. 440. a. Putting away; 

averting. Diet. 
To DE'YXJRATES, dty-tx-rhle. 91 v a. [depurer 

FrJ To purify: to cleanse. Boyle. 
DE'FURATE, deV-u-rate. 503. a. Cleansed. Pure; 

not contaminated. Glanville. 
DEPURATION, dSp-u-ra'-sh&n. n.s. Separating 

the pure from the impure part. Brown. The 

cleansing of a wound from its matter. 
To DEPU'RE, de-pure'. v.a. [depurer, Fr.] To 
To purge; to free from some 



Having 



cleanse. Hawes. To purge 
noxious quality. Raleigh. 

DEPU'RGATORY*. de-pur'-ga-tur-e, 
power to purge. Cotgrave. 

DEPUTATION, dep-u-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of de- 
puting or sending away with a special commission. 
Vicegerency. Snaksjjeare. 

To DEPtT'TE$, de-pute'. v.a. [depuier, Fr.] To 
send with a special commission. Roscommon. 

DETUTY, dey-u-te. n. s. [depute 1 , Fr.] A lieuten- 
ant ; a viceroy ; one appointed to govern or act in- 
stead of another. Hale. Any one that transacts 
business for another. Hooker. 

05= This word is frequently mispronounced even by good 
speakers. There is a proneness in the p to slide into 
its nearest relation b, which makes us often hear this 
word as if written debbuty. W. 

To DEQUA'NTITATE, de-kwon'-te-tate. v.a. [de 
and quantitas, Lat.] To diminish the quantity of. 
Brown. 
DER. A term used in the beginning of names of 
places ; generally derived from oeop, a wild 
beast, unless the place stands upon a river ; for 
then it may be from the British dur, i. e. water. 
Gibson- s Camden. 
To DERACINATE, de-ras'-se-nate. v. a. [deraciner, 
Fr.] To pluck or tear up by the roots. Shakspeare. 
To abolish ; to destroy ; to extirpate. 
To DER AIGN §, ) , 1 . np/ 5 v. a. [foreigner, Nor- 
To DERAIN §, \ d *" rane ' 1 man Fr.] To prove ; 
to justify. Blount. To disorder; to turn out of 
course. Diet. 

DERATGNMENT, 

DERAINMENT, 
raigning or proving. A disordering or turning" out 
of course. A discharge of profession; a departure 
out of religion. Blount. 
To DERA'NGE^*, de-ranje'. v.a. [desranger , old 
Fr.] To turn out of the proper course ; to disorder. 
Burke. 

DERA NGEMENT*, de-ranjV-mfcnt. n.s. Disorder ; 
discomposure of mind, or intellect. Ri/Jj'head. 

DERA'Y, de-ra'. n. s. (desrayer, Fr.] Tumult ; dis- 
order; noise; merriment ; jollity; solemnity. Doug. 

To DERE§, dere. v.a. [bepian, Sax.] To hurt 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

DERE*, dere. a. Hurtful. 

DE'RELICT* deV-e-likt. a. [derelictus, Lat.] Wil- 
fully relinquished. Sir P. Pett. 

DERELFCTION, deV-e-lik'-shon. n.s. The act of 
forsaking or leaving. Bp. Taylor. The state of 
being forsaken. Hooker. 

DERELICTS, deV-e-l?kts. n. s.pl. [In law.] Goods 
wilfully thrown away, or relinquished. Diet. 

To DERIDE §, de-rlde'. v. a. [derideo, Lat.] To 
laugh at ; to mock. Hooker. 

DERFDER, de-rl'-dfir. 98. n.s. A mocker; a scoff- 
er. Woolton. A droll ; a buffoon. 

DERFDINGLY*, de-rl'-dlng-le. ad. In a jeering 
manner. Bp. Reynolds. 

DERFSION. de-rlzh'-un. n. s. The act of deriding 

or laughing at. Rogers. Contempt; scorn. Jer 

278 



di-w-ta. fcf rf % 



DES 



DES 



— 116, move, nor, n&t;— lAbe, tub, bull ;— d?l ;— pound ;— thin, thj 



DERI'SIVE, de-rl'-s!v. 428. a. Mocking:; scoffing 
Pope. 

DERl'SIVELY*, de-rl'-slv-le. ad. In a contemptuous 
manner. Sir T. Herbert. 

DERISORY, de-rl'-sur-c. 429, 512. a. Mocking; 
ridiculing. (Shaftesbury. 

DERI' V ABLE, de-rl'-va-bl. a. Attainable by right 
of descent or derivation. South. Deducible : as, 
from a root, from a cause. Wilkins. 
To DERIVATE*, der'-e-vate. v. a. To derive. 
Hitloet. Ob. T. 

DERIVATION, der-e-va'-shfln. 630. n.s. A drain- 
ing of water ; a turning of its course. Burnet. [In 
grammarj The tracing a word from its original. 
Locke. The transmission of any thing from its 
source. Hale. [In medicine.] The drawing of a 
humour from one part of the body to another, 
Wisen+<n. The thing deduced or derived. Glan- 
vilk. 

DERIVATIVE, de-rlv'-a-tiv. a. Derived or taken 
from another. 

DERIVATIVE, de-riv'-a-tlv. 157. n.s. The thing or 
word derived or taken from another. Shakspeare. 

DERIVATIVELY, de-rlv'-a-tfv-le. ad. In a de- 
rivative manner. Pearson. 
To DERIVES, de-rlve'. v.a. [derivo, Lat.] To turn 
the course of water from its channel. South. To 
deduce : as, from a root, from a cause. Boyle. To 
communicate to another, as from the origin and 
source. Hooker. To receive by transmission. De- 
cay of Piety. To communicate to by descent of 
blood Felt'on. To spread ; to diffuse gradually 
from one place to another. Davies. [In grammar.] 
To trace a word from its origin. Greenwood. 

To DERFVE, de-rlve'. v. n. 'lo come from; to owe 
its origin to. Prior. To descend from. Sliakspeare. 

DERI'VER, de-rlve'-flr. n.s. One that draws or 
fetches, as from the source or principle. Smith. 

DERN$, dern.a. [bea-pn, Sax.] Sad; solitary. More. 
Barbarous : cruel. See Dearn. 

DE'RNFUL*, dern'-ful. a. Mournful. Bryskdi. Ob. 
T. 

DERNIE'R, dern-yare'. a. Last. Ay life. It is a 
mere French word, used only in the phrase dernier 
resort. 

DE'RNLY*, dem'-le. ad. Mournfully; anxiously. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

To DE'ROGATE $, der'-6-gate. v. a. [derogo, Lat.] 

• To do an act so far contrary to a law or custom, 
as to diminish its former extent. Hale. To dispar- 
age; to minish. Hidoet. 

To DE'ROGATE, deV-6-gate. v.n. To detract ; 
to lessen reputation. Hooker. To degenerate. 
Sliakspeare. 

DE'ROGATE, der'-6-gate. 91. a. Degraded ; dam- 
aged. Sir T. Elyot. 

DE'ROGATELY* der'-o-gate-le. ad. In a manner 
which lessens honour or respect. Shakspeare. 

DEROGA'TION, der-o-ga'-shun. 530. n. s. The act 
of weakening or restraining a former law or con- 
tract. Bacon. A defamation ; detraction. Hooker. 

DEROGATIVE, de-rog'-a-tiv. a. Detracting; less- 
ening the honour of. Brown. Ob. J. 

DERO'GATORILY, djs-rdg'-a-tur-e-le. ad. In a 
detracting manner. Aubrey. 

DEROGATORINESS, de-rog'-a-tur-e-nes. n.s. 
The act of derogating. Diet. 

DEROGATORY, de-r&g'4-t6r-e. 512. a. Detrac- 
tions; that lessens the honour of ; dishonourable. 
Brown. 

DE'RRING*, der'-rlng. a. [beajijian, Sax.] Daring. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

DERVIS, deW-vIs. n.s. A Turkish priest, or monk. 
Sandys. 

DE'SART*. See Desert. 

DE'SCANTS, deV-kant. 492. n. s. [deschant, old Fr.] 
A song or tune composed in parts. Bale. A dis- 
course ; a disputation ; a disquisition branched 
out into several divisions or heads. Sliakspeare. 

To DE'SCANT, dfis-kant'. v. n. To sing in parts ; 
to run a division or variety upon notes. To dis- 
oourse at large , to make speeches. Shakspeare. 



DESCANTING*, des-kanl'-lng. n. s. Remark J 
conjecture; guess. Burnet. 

To DESCENDS, de-send', v.n. [descendo, Lat.] 
To go downwards. Matthew. To come down ; to 
arrive at one place from another. 1 Sa7n. xxvi. 
To come suddenly or violently. Pope. To go 
down, in a figurative sense. Milton. To make an 
invasion. Dryden. To proceed as from an origin- 
al ; to be derived from. Collier. To fall in order 
of inheritance to a successor. Locke. To extend a 
discourse from general to particular considerations. 
Decay of Piety. 

To DESCEND, de-send', v. a. To walk downward. 
Milt 07i. 

DESCENDANT, de-sen'-dant. n. s. The offspring 
of an ancestor. Bacon. 

DESCE'NDENT, de-sen'-dent. a. Falling; sinking; 
descending. Ray. Proceeding from another, as 
an original or ancestor. Pope. 

DESCENDIBl'LIT Y*, de-s^nd-e-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Con- 
formity to the rules of descent. Blaekstone. 

DESCE'NDIBLE, de-sen'-de-bl. a. Such as may be 
descended. Transmissible by inheritance. Hale. 

DESCE'NSION, de-sen'-shun. n. s. Going down- 
wards ; descent. A declension ; a degradation. 
Sluxk. [In astronomy.] Right descension is the- 
arch of the equator, which descends with the sign 
or star below the horizon of a direct sphere. Oza- 
nam. 

DESCE'NSION AL, de-sen'-sh&n-al. a. Relating to 
descent. 

DESCE'NSIVE*, de-sen'-s?v. a. Descending; hav- 
ing power to descend. Shencood. 

DESCE'NT, de-sent', n. s. The act of passing from 
a higher to a lower place. Blackniore. Progress 
downwards. Locke. Obliquity ; inclination. Wood- 
ward. Lowest place. Sliakspeare. Degradation. 
Milton. Invasion; hostile entrance into a king- 
dom. Wotton. Transmission of any thing by suc- 
cession and inheritance. Locke. The state of pro- 
ceeding from an original or progenitor. Atterbunj* 
Birth ; extraction. Shak. Offspring ; inheritors. 
Milton. A single step in the scale of genealogy. 
Hooker. A rank in the scale of subordination. 
Milton. 

To DESCRI'BE §, de-skrlbe'. v.a. [describo, Lat.] 
To delineate ; to mark out. Dryden. To mark oui 
any thing by the mention of its properties. Shale. 
To distribute into proper heads or divisions. Joshua. 
To define in a lax manner. Gray. 

DESCRI'BER, de-skrl'-bur. n.s. He that describes. 
Brown. 

DESCRI'ER, de-skrl'-ur. 98. H.s. A discoverer; 
a detecter. Crashaw. 

DESCRIPTION, de-skr?p'-shun. n. s. The act of 
delineating or expressing any thing by perceptible 
properties. Gregory. The sentence or passage in 
which any thing is described. Dryden. A lax 
definition. Watts. The qualities expressed in a 
description. Shakspeare. 

DESCRIPTIVE*, de-skr?p'-uy. 157. a. Expressing 
any thing by perceptible qualities. Looker-On. 

To DESCRI'VE*, de-skrlve'. v.a. [descrivere, Ital.] 
To describe. Bp. Fisher. Ob. T. 

To DESCRY' $, de-skrl'.t\a. [descrier, Fr.l To give 
notice of any thing suddenly discovered. Bp. HalL 
To spy out at a distance. Sliakspeare. To detect; 
to find out any thing concealed. Wotton. To dis- 
cover ; to perceive by the eye. Spenser. 

DESCRY', de-skrl'. n. s. Discovery ; thing discover- 
ed. Sliakspeare. 

To DE'SECRATE^ des'-se-krate. v.a. [desacro, 
Lat.] To divert from the purpose to which any 
thing is consecrated;, to apply to a wrong use. 
Barrow. 

DESECRA'TION, dgs-se-kra'-sh&n. n.s. The abo- 
lition of consecration. Pamell. 

DE'SERT, dez'-ert. n.s. A wilderness: solitude. 
Shakspeare. 

DE'SERT, deV-^rt. a. Wild ; waste ; solitary. 
Shakspeare. 

To DESE'RT $, de-zert'. v. a. [desero, Lat.l To for- 
279. 



DES 



DES 



Q3" 559.— Fate, far, i all, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pliie, pin ;- 



sake ; to fall away from } to abandon. Dryden. 
To leave. Bentiey. 

To DESE'RT*, de-zert'. v. n. To quit the army in 
which one is enlisted. Stat. Militia Act. 

DESE'RT. 11. s. See Dessert. 

DESE'RT, de-zeVl'. n. s. Degree of merit or demerit. 
Hooker. Proportional merit 5 claim to reward. 
Soutli. Excellence ; right to reward ; virtue. Shak- 
speare. 

DESE'RTER, de-zer'-tur. 98. n. s. He that has for- 
saken his cause or his post. K. Charles. He that 
leaves the army in which he is enlisted. Decay of 
Piety. An abandoner. Dryden. 

DESE'RTFUL*, de-zeYt'-ful. a. High in desert 5 
meritorious. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

DESE'RTION, de-zeV-sh&n. n. s. Forsaking or 
abandoning a cause or post. Rogers. [In theolo- 
gy.] Spiritual despondency ; a sense of the dere- 
liction of God ; an opinion that grace is withdrawn. 
Bp. Hall. Quitting the army in which one is en- 
listed. Blackstone. 

DESE'RTLESS, de-zert'-les. a. Without merit. 
Beaumont and Fletclier. 

DESE'RTLESSLY*, de-zert'-les-le. ad. Undeserv- 
edly. Beaumord and Fletclier. 

DESE'RTRICE*, de-zer'-tris. n.s. She who for- 
sakes her duty. Milton. 

To DESE'RVE §, de-zerv'. v. a. [deservir, Fr.] To 
be worthy of either good or ill. Hooker. 

To DESE'RVE, de-zerv'. v.n. To be worthy of re- 
ward. South. 

DESERVEDLY, de-zcV-ved-le. 364. ad. Worthily. 
Milton. 

DESE'RVER, de-zeV-vur. 98. n. s. A man who 
merits rewards. Shakspeare. 

DESE'RVING*, de-zer'-vfog. n. s. Desert. Ankles 
of Religion. 

DESE'RVINGLY*, de-zer'-vmg-le. ad. Worthily. 
B. Jonson. 

DESHABI'LLE*. See Dishabille. 

DESl'CCANTS, de-slk'-kants. n.s. Applications 
that dry up the flow of sores. Wiseman. 

To DESI'CCATE §, de-sfk'-kate. 503. v. a. [desicco, 
Lat.] To dry up; to exhaust of moisture. Bacon. 
To exhale moisture. Bacon. 

To DESI'CCATE*, de-sik'-kate. v. n. To grow dry. 
Ricaut. 1 

DESICCA'TION, des-ik-ka'-sh&n. n.s. The act of 
making dry ; the state of being dried. Bacon. 

DESFCCATIVE, de-sik'-ka-tiv. a. That which has 
the power of drying. Ferrand. 

DESFCCATIVE*, de-sik'-ka-tiv. n. s. A drier. 

To DESFDERATE, de-sid'-er-ate. v. a. To want; 
to miss; to desire in absence. Chei/ne. 

DESIDERATUM, de-sld-e-ra'-tum. n. s. [Lat.] 
Plural desiderata. Somewhat which inquiry has 
not yet been able to settle or discover. 

DESI'DIOSE, de-sld-je-ose'. 376. a. [desidiosus, 

Lat.1 Idle ; lazy ; heavy. Diet. 
To DESIGNS, de-slne'. 447. v. a. [designo. Lat.] 
To purpose ; to intend any tiling. To form or or- 
der with a particular purpose. Slillingjleet. To 
devote intentionally. Clarendon. To plan; to pro- 
ject ; to form in idea. Wotlon. To mark out by par- 
ticular tokens : little used. Locke. 

fyCjT I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, by preserving the 
&*, in this word and in its compounds, pure. I am sup- 
ported in this by Dr. Konrick Mr.Scoit, and Mr. Perry, 
and have always looked upon to daign as vulgar. — 
See Principles, 447. W. 
DESl'GN, de-slne'. n. s. An intention ; a purpose. 
Shak. A scheme; apian of action. Tillotson. A 
scheme formed to the detriment of another. Locke. 
The idea which an artist endeavours to execute or 
express. Addison. 
DESFGNABLE, de-slne'4-bl. a. Distinguishable. 

Dighy. 
DE'SlGNATE§*,deV-1g-nate.a. [designatus, Lat.] 

Marked out; chosen; appointed. Sir G. Buck. 
To DE'SIGNATE*, des'-!g-nate. 503. v. a. To 

E^nt out; to distinguish. Brit. Crit. 
SIGNA'TION, des-lg-na'-shfin. n. s. The act of 



pointing or marking out. Swift. Appointment; 
direction. Bacon. Import ; intention. Locke. 

DESIGN ATIVE* des'-lg-na-tiv. a. Appointing; 
showing. Cotgrave. 

DESIGNEDLY, de-sl'-ned-le. 364. ad. Purpose! v 
intentionally. Ray. 

DESI'GNER, de-sl'-nur. 98. n. s. One that designs; 
a purposer. A plotter; a contriver. Haminond, 
One that forms the idea of any thing in painting or 
sculpture. Addison. One that plans a buildii!^. a 
garden, or the like. Shenstone. 

DESFGNFULNESS*, de-sine'-ful-ne\s. n. s. Abun 
dance of design, formed to the detriment ot' anolliei 
Barrow. 

DESI'GNJNG, de-sl'-nlng. part . a. Insidious; treacli 
erous. Soidherne. 

DESFGNING*, de-sl'-nlng. n. s. The art of del'me 
ating the appearance of natural objects. Bp.Berke 
ley. 

DESIGNLESS, de-sine'-les. a. Without intention ; 
without design. Without scheme or project. Ham- 
mond. 

DESFGNLESSLY, de-slne'-les-le. ad. Ignorantly; 
inadvertently. Boyle. 

DESFGNMENT, de-slne'-ment. n. s. A purpose and 
intent. Decay of Piety. A scheme of hostility. 
Sluxk. The idea or sketch of a work. Dryden. 

DESINENCE §*, des'-e-nense. n.s. [desino, Lat.] 
A close; an ending. Bp. Hall. 

DE'SINENT* deV-e-nent. a. Ending; extreme; 
lowermost. B. Jonson. 

DESI'RABLE, de-zl'-ra-bl. a. To be wished with 
earnestness. Watts. Pleasing; delightful. Addison. 

DESFRABLENESS*, de-zl'-ra-bl-nes. «. s. That 
which is wished with earnestness. Goodman. 

DESFRES, de-zlre'. n.s. [desir, Fr.] Wish ; eager- 
ness to obtain or enjoy. Locke. 

To DESPRE, de-zlre'. v. a. To wish; to long for: 
to covet. Deut. To express wishes. Dryden. To 
ask ; to entreat. Shak. To require ; to demand. 
Spenser. 

DESl'RER, de-zl'-rur. 98. n. s. One that is eager of 
any thing. Shakspeare. 

DESFRELESS*, de-zlre'-les. a. Without desire. 
Donne. 

DESFROUS, de-zl'-rfts. 314. a. Full of desire ; ea- 
ger ; longing after. Hooker. 

DESIROUSLY, de-zi'-rus-le. ad. Eagerly; with 
desire. South. 

DESFROUSNESS, de-zl'-rus-nes. n. s. Fulness of 
desire. Diet. 

To DESPST §, de-slst'. 447. v. n. [desisto, Lat.] To 
cease from ; to stop. Milton. 

ftj" I have preserved the s pure in this word, contrary to 
Mr. Sheridan, who spells it delist. Dr. Kenrick and 
Mr. Perry are of my opinion, and I cannot see any rea- 
son, either from custom or analogy, to alter it. 447. W. 

DESFSTANCE, de-sls'-tanse. n. s. Desisting ; ces- 
sation. Boyle. 

DESFSTIVEt, de-sls'-tlv. 157. ; a. [desitvs, Lat.] 

DESFTIVE, de-si'-tiv. \ Ending; conclu- 

ded; final. Watts. 

DESK §, desk. n. s. [&i]*c, Sax.] An inclining table 

for the use of writers or readers. Shakspeare. 
To DESK*, dhk. v. a. To shut up as in a desk; to 
treasure. John Hall. 

DE'SOLATE, deV-sc-late. 91. a. Without inhabit 
ants. Shak. Deprived of inhabitants ; laid waste. 
Jer. Without society. 2 Sam. 
To DE'SOLATE §, des'-s6-late. v. a. [desolo, Lai." 
To deprive of inhabitants ; to lay waste. Bacon. 

DE'SOLATEL\,des'-s6-late-le. ad. In a desolate 
manner. Sherwood. 

DE'SOLATER*, des'-s6-la-tur. n.s. One who 
causes desolation. Mede. 

DESOLA'TION, des-s6-la'-shun. n. s. Destruction 
of inhabitants. Spenser. Gloominess; sadness. 
Sidney. A place wasted and forsaken. Jer. 
DE'SOLATOR*. See Dksolater. 
DE'SOLATORY*, des'-s6-la-tur-e. a. Causing des 

olation. Bp. Hall. 
DESPA'IR §, de-spare'. ft. 5. [desespoir, Fr.] Hope- 
9R0 



DES 



DES 



-n6, m6ve, ndr, n&t ; — tube, t5b, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound ; — tli\n, THis. 



lessness; despondence. Locke. That which causes 
despair. Shak. Loss of confidence in the mercy 
of God. Sprat. 
To DESPAIR, de-spare', v.n. [despero, Lat.] To 

be without hope ; to despond. Eccles. 

Tc DESPAIR*, de-spire', v. a. To cause to de- 
spair. Sir R. Williams. 

DESPA'IRABLE*, de-spare'-a-bl. a. Unhopeful. 
Co/grave. 

DESPA'IRER, de-spire'-Gr. n.s. One without hope. 
Dry den. 

DESPA'IRFUL, de-spare'-ful. a. Hopeless. Sidney. 
Ob. J. 

DESPAIRINGLY, de-spa'-rlng-le. ad. In a man- 
ner betokening- hopelessness or despondency. 
Promt. 

To DESPATCH $, de-spatsh'. v. a. [depescher. Fi\] 
[Frequently dispatch.] To send away hastily. 
Temple. To send out of the world; to put to death. 
Shak. To perform a business quickly. 2 Mace. To 
conclude an affair with another. Shakspeare. 

JC5" There is a general rule in pronunciation, viz. when 
a vowel ends a syllable immediately before the accent, 
that vowel has a tendency to lengthen, and is often, 
particularly in solemn speaking, pronounced as open as 
if the accent were on it. — See To Collect, 544. — This 
general tendency inclines us to divide words in such a 
manner as to make the vowel end the unaccented sylla- 
ble ; and, if the two succeeding consonants are combina- 
ble, to carry them both to that syllable which has the 
accent. When the e is thus left to finish the syllable 
before the accent in despair, de-spatch, &c, it inclines 
to its open, slender sound, which, being rapidly pro- 
nounced, falls into the short i, which is exactly its short 
sound, 105, 107 ; for, when the e is short by being closed 
by a consonant, like other vowels, it goes into a dif- 
ferent sound from the long one, 544. Thus the word 
despatch, till Dr. Johnson corrected it, was always writ- 
ten with an i ; and, now it is corrected, we do not find 
the least difference in the pronunciation. TV. 

DESPATCH, de-spatsh'. n.s. Hasty execution. 
Bacon. Conduct; management. Shak. Express; 
hasty messenger or message. 

DESPATCHER*, de-spatsh'-fir. n. *. That which 
destroys or makes an end of. Bale. One who per- 
forms business. Cotgrave. 

DESPATCHFUL, de-spatsh'-ful. a. Bent on haste. 
Milton. 

DESPE'CTION*, de-spek'-shun. n. s. [despectio, 
Lat.] A looking down ; figuratively, a despising. 
W. Mountague. 

DESPERA'DO*, d&-pe-ra'-d6. n. s. [Span.] One 
who is desperate, without fear of danger. The 
Cloak in its Colours. 

DE'SPERATE§, des'-pe-rate. 91. a. [desperatus, 
Lat.] Without hope. Shak. Without care of 
safety. Sliak. Irretrievable; unsurmountable. 
Shak. Mad; hot-brained; furious. Spenser. 

DE'SPERATE* des'-pe-rate. n.s. A desperate 
man. Donne. 

DE'SPERATELY, des'-pe-rate-le. ad. Furiously; 
madly. Sliak. Violently. Addison. 

DE'SPERATENESS, deV-pe-rate-nes. n.s. Mad- 
ness; fury. Hammond. 

DESPERATION, des-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. Hopeless- 
ness; despair. Sliakspeare. 

DESPICABLE §, deV-pe-ka-bl. a. [despicabilis, 
Lat.] Contemptible; vile; worthless. Hooker. 

DE'SPICABLENESS, des'-pe-ka-bl-nes. n. s. 
Meanness; vileness; worthlessness. Dec. of Piety. 

DESPICABLY, des'-pe-ka-ble. ad. Meanly ; vilely. 
Addison. 

DESPPCFENCY*, des-pfsh'-en-se. n. s. [desjAcien- 

tia. Lat.] A looking down ; a despising. Mede. 
DESPI SABLE, de-spl'-za-bL a. Contemptible; 

despicable. Quarks. 
DESPISAL*, de-spl'-zal. n.s. Scorn; contempt. 

Patrick. 
To DESPISES, de-spize'. v. a. [despicio, Lat.] To 

scorn ; to contemn. Jer. To abhor. Sliakspeare. 
DESPI SEDNESS* de-spl'-zed-nSs. n. s. The state 

of being despised. Milton. 
DESPISER, de-spl'-zur. n. s. Contemner; scorner. 
Shakspeare. 

36 



DESFFSING*, de-spl'-zlng. n. s. Scorn ; contempt. 

Act for Uniform, of Comm. Prayer. 
DESPITE $, de-spite', n. s. [despite, old Fr.] Malice ; 

anger ; malignity. Shak. Defiance ; unsubdued 

opposition. Shak. Act of malice. Hebrews. 
To DESPITE, de-splte'. v. a. To vex ; to offend. 

Raleigh. 
DESPITEFUL, de-splte'-ful. a. Malicious; full of 

spleen; full of hate. Shakspeare. 
DESPI'TEFULLY,de-splte'-ful-le. ad. Maliciously; 

malignautlv. Matthew. 
DESP1TEFULNESS, de-splte'-ful-nes. n. s. Mai 

ice ; hate ; malignity. Wisdom. 
DESPI'TEOUS, d£s-pftsh'-e-us. a. Malicious ; furi 

ous. Spenser. Ob. J. 
DESPFTEOUSLY, d£s-p?tsh'-e-us-le. ad. In a furi- 
ous manner. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To DESPO'IL $, de-sp6ir. v. a. [despolio, Lat.] To 

rob ; to deprive. Spenser. To divest by any ac- 
cident. Woodward. To strip. Cliaucer. 
DESPOI'LER*, de-sp6il'-ur. n. s. A plunderer. 

Huloet. 
DESPOLIATION, des-p6-le-a'-shun. 530. n. s. The 

act of despoiling or stripping. 
To DESPOND S, de-spond'. v.n. [despondeo, Lat.] 

To despair ; to lose hope. V Estrange. To lose 

hope of the divine mercy. Watts. 
DESPONDENCY, de-sp6n'-den-se. n.s. Despair; 

hopelessness. More. 
DESPONDENT, de-sp&n'-dent. a. Despairing;, 

hopeless. Bentley. 
DESPO'NDER*/ de-spdnd'-ur. n. s. One who is 

without hope. Sun ft. 
DESPO'NDINGLY*, de-spond'-mg-le. ad. In a 

hopeless manner. Shendan. 
To DESPO'NSATE§,de-sp&n'-sate. v. a. [desponso, 

Lat.] To betroth ; to affiance. 
DESPONSATION,des-p6n-sa'-shun.530. n. s. The 

act of betrothing persons to each other. 
DE'SPOT §, des'-pot. n. s. [Se^drrig-] An absolute 

prince ; one that governs with unlimited authority. 

Burke. 
DESPO'TICAL. de-spot' -e-kal. )a. Absolute in 
DESPO'TICK, de-s P 6t'-fk. , power. Milton 
DESPOTICALLY*, de-sp&t'-e-kal-e. ad. In an ar- 

bitrary manner. Burke. 
DESPOTICALNESS, de-sp&t'-e-kal-nes. n.s. Ab- 
solute authority. 
DE'SPOTISM, des'-p6-tizm. n. s. Absolute power. 

Burke. 
To DESPU'MATES, de-spu'-mate. v. n. [despumo, 

Lat.] To throw oft" parts in foam ; to froth ; to 

work. 
DESPUMATION, des-pu-ma'-shun. n.s. Throw- 
ing off excrementitious parts in scum or foam. 
DESQUAMATIONS, des-kwa-ma'-shun. n. s. 

[squama, Lat.] The act of scaling foul bones. 
DESQUA'MATORY* des-kwam'-a-lur-e. n. s. An 

instrument by which desquamation is performed. 
DESS#, d£s. n.s. [disch, Teut.] A table on a raised 

floor. Chaucer. A desk, on which a book is laid. 

Spenser. 
DESSE'RT, dez-z^rt'. n. s. [desserte, Fr.] The fruit 

or sweetmeats set on the table after the meat. 

Dryden. 
To DE'STFNATE §, deV-te-nate.i;. a. [deslino, Lat.] 

To design for anv particular end. Fotherby. 
DE'STFNATE*, deV-te-nate. a. Fixed ; determined. 

Bp. Morton. 
DESTINATION, dSs-te-na'-shfln. n.s. The pur- 
pose for which anything is appointed ; the ultimate 

design. Glanville. 
To DE'STINE, deV-tln. 140. v.a. [deslino, Lat.] To 

doom unalterably to any state or condition. Milton. 

To appoint to any purpose. Arhuthnot. To devote ; 

to doom to punishment or misery. Prior. To fix 

unalterably. Prior. 
DE'STINY, des'-te-ne. n. s. [destinie, Fr.] The 

power that spins the life, and determines the fate 

of living beings. Shak. Fate; invincible necessi- 
ty. Spenser. Doom. Shakspeare. 
DESTITUTES, deV-te-tute. a. [destUidus, Lat.] 
281 



DET 



DET 



17 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pln;- 



Forsaken; abandoned. Hooker. Abject ; friend- 
less. Psalm. In want of. Dnjden. 
DESTITUTE*, deV-te-tute. n.s. One who is de- 
prived of comfort or friends. P. St. John. 
To DESTITUTE*, d<V-te-tute. v. a. To forsake ; 

to leave. Fotherbij. 
DESTITUTION, des-te-uV-shan. n. s. Want. 

Hooker. 
To DESTROY, de-strde'. v. a. [destruo, Lat.] To 
overturn a city 3 to ruin. Genesis. To lay waste; 
to make desolate. Knolles. To kill. Deut. To put 
an end to; to bring to nought. Bentley. 
DESTRO'YABLE*, de-str6e'-a-bl. a. Able to be 

destroyed. Huloet. 
DESTRO'YER, de-strfle'-fir. 93. n. s. The person 

that destroys. A murderer. Raleigh. 
To DESTRUCT* de-strukt'.r. a. [destructus, Lat.] 

To destroy. Mede. Ob. T. 
DESTRUCTIBLE §, de-struk'-te-bl. a. Liable to 

destruction. 
DESTRUCTIBl'LITY, de-slruk-te-b?l'-e-te. 71. s. 

Liableness to destruction. 
DESTRUCTION, de-struk'-shftn. n.s. The act of 
destroying - . Murder; massacre. Shak. The state 
of being destroyed ; ruin. Shak. A destroyer. 
Psalm. Eternal death. Si. Matthew. 
DESTRUCTIVE, de-struk'-tlv. a. Having the 
quality of destroying; wasteful; that which brings 
to destruction. Dm den. 
DESTRUCTIVELY, de-struk'-t?v-le. ad. Ruin- 
ously; mischievously. Decay of Piety. 
DESTRU'CTIVENESS, de-slruk'-uV-nes. n. s. De- 
stroying or ruining. Decay of Piety. 
DESTRUCTOR, de-strfik'-tur. 166. n. s. Destroy- 
er ; consumer. Boi/le. 
DESUDA'TION, deVu-da'-shfin. n. .1 



Lat.] A profuse and inordinate sweating. 

DE'SUETUDE, deV-swe-lude. 334. n. s. [desuetu- 
do, Lat.] Cessation to be accustomed; discontinu- 
ance of practice or habit. Howell. 

DE'SULTORY$, d&s'-ul-uV-e. 512. HSee Sub- 

DESULTORIOUS§, d^s-ul-ti'-re-us. j sultory.] 
a. [desultorius, Lat.] Roving from thing to thing; 
unsettled; immethodical. Felton. Wavering; by 
starts and .eaps. T. Warton. 

DE'SULTORINESS*, deV-ul-t6-re-nes. n.s. The 
quality of being desultory. 

To DESU'ME, de-sume'. v. a. [denimo, Lat.] To 
take from any thing ; to borrow. Hale. 

To DETACH §, de-tatsh'. v. a. [detacher, Fr.] To 
separate ; to disengage ; to part from something. 
Woodward. To send out part of a greater body 
of men on an expedition. Addison. 

DETACHMENT, de-tatsh'-ment. n. s. A body of 
troops sent out from the main army. Taller. 

To DETA'IL § f de-tale', v. a. [detainer, Fr.] To re- 
late particularly ; to display minutely. Cheyne. 

DETATL, de-tale', n. s. A minute and particular 
account. Woodward. 

DETA'ILER*, de-uV-lGr. n. s. One who relates par- 
ticulars. Seward. , 

To DETAIN $, de-tane'. v. a. [detineo, LatJ To 
keep that which belongs to another. Bp. Taylor. 
To withhold; to keep back. Sliak. To restrain 
from departure. Jiidg. To hold in custody. Black- 
stone. 

DETA'INDER, de-tane'-dSr. 98. n. s. The name 
of a writ for holding one in custody, properly 
detinue. 

DETAINER, de-ta'-nSr. n. s. He that holds back 
any one's right ; he that detains any thing. Bp. 
Taylor. Confinement ; detention. Bp. Smallridge. 
The act of unlawfully holding back the right of 
another person. Blackstone. 

To DETECT $, de-teW. v. a. [delectus, Lat.] To 
discover; to find out any crime or artifice. Sliak. 
To discover in general. Ray. 

DETECTER,de-t£k'-tur. n.s. A discoverer. Shak. 

DETECTION, de-t^k'-shun. n.s. Discovery of 
guilt or fraud. Sliak. Discovery of any thing hid- 
den. Woodward. 

DETENTION, de-ten'-shan. n.s. The act of keep- 



ing what belongs to another. Shak. Confinement ; 
restraint. 
To DETER §, de-ter'. v. n. [deterreo, Lat.] To dis- 
courage by terrour. Waller. 

DETERMENT, de-ter'-ment. n. s. Cause of dis- 
couragement ; that by which one is deterted. 
Brown. Ob. J. 
To DETERGE §, de-terje'. v. a. [detergo, Lat.] To 
cleanse a sore. Wiseman. 

DETERGENT, de-ter'-jent. a. Having the power 
of cleansing. A rbuthnot. 

DETERGENT*, de-ter'-jent. n.s. That which 
cleanses. Bp. Berkeley. 

To DETERIORATED, de-te'-re-6-rate. v. a. [de- 
terior, Lat.] To impair; to make worse. 

DETERIORATION, de-te-re-6-ra'-shan. n.s. The 
act of making any thing worse; the state of grow- 
ing worse. Guthrie. 

DETERMINABLE, de-teV-me-na-bl. a. Capable 
of being certainly decided. Bacon. 

To DETERMINATE §, de-ter'-me-nate. v. a. [de- 
terminer, Fr.] To limit ; to fix. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

DETERMINATE, de-ter'-me-nate. 91. a. Settled; 
definite ; determined. Locke. Established ; settled 
by rule. Hooker. Decisive ; conclusive. Shak. 
Fixed; resolute. Sidney. Resolved. Sliakspeare. 

DETERMINATELY, de-teV-me-nate-le. ad. Reso- 
lutely. Sidney. Certainly ; unchangeably. Til- 
lotson. 

DETERMINATION, de-ter-me-na'-shfin. n. s. 
Absolute direction to a certain end. Locke. The 
result of deliberation; resolution taken. Shak. Ju- 
dicial decision. Gulliver's Travels. Expiration; 
end. Used onlv by lawyers. 

DETERMINATIVE, de-ter'-me-na-tly. a. That 
which uncontrollably directs to a certain end. Bp. 
Bramhall. That which makes a limitation. Watts. 

DETERMINATOR, de-ter-me-na'-tur. 521. n.s. 
One who determines. Brown. 

To DETERMINER de-teV-mln. 140. v. a. [deter- 
mino, Lat.] To fix ; to settle. Shak. To conclude ; 
to fix ultimately. South. To bound ;» to confine. 
Bacon. To adjust ; to limit ; to define. Locke. To 
influence the choice. Shak. To resolve. 1 Sam. 
To decide. Locke. To put an end to; to destroy. 
Sliakspeare. 

To DETERMINE, de-teV-mln. v.n. To conclude. 
Milton. To settle opinion. Locke. To end; to 
come to an end. Hayward. To make a decision. 
Shak. To end consequentially. Temple. To re- 
solve concerning any thing. Sliakspeare. 

DETERMINER*, de-ter'-m?n-ur. n. s. One who 
makes a determination. Fulke. 

DETERRA'TION, de-ter-ra'-shun. n.s. [de and 
terra, Lat.] Discovery of any thing by removal 
of the earth that hides it. Woodward. 

DETERSION, de-ter'-shfin. n.s. [detergo, Lat.] 
The act of cleansing a sore. Wiseman. 

DETERSIVE, de-ter'-slv. 158. a. Having the 
power to cleanse. Bidlokar. 

DETERSIVE, de-teV-s?v. 428. n. s. An application 
that has the power of cleansing wounds. Wiseman. 

To DETE'ST §, de-test', v. a. [delestor, Lat.] To 
hate ; to abhor. Spenser. 

DETE'STABLE, de-tes'-ta-bl. a. Hateful ; abhor 
red. 2 Mace. 

DETE'ST ABLY, de-tes'-ta-ble. a. Hatefully; abom 

in ably. South. 
DETE'ST A BLENESS*, de-tes'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. The 

Snality of being detestable. A. S?nif.h. 
TESTATION, del-es-ta'-shfin. 530. n. s. Ha- 
tred ; abhorrence ; abomination. 
DETE'STER, de-tes'-tur. 98. n. s. One that hates 

or abhors. South. 
To DETHRO'NE $, de-*/tr6ne'. v. a. [de and thronusy 
Lat.] To divest of regality; to throw down from 
the throne. Hume. 
DETHRONEMENT*, de-tfirone'-ment. n.s. The 

act of dethroning. 
DETHRO'NER*, de-*/*r6'-nur. n. s. One who con- 
tributes towards depriving of regal dignity. Arch- 
deacon Arnway. 

282 



DEV 



DEV 



— n6, move, nor, n(\t ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6)1 ; — pdfind ;—lIi\i\, -mis. 



To un- 



.a. To calcine with 

5 71. s. A departure 
/ from the orijr- 



To DETHRO'NIZE*, de-//ir6 -nl/.e 

tli rone. Cot^raix. 
DET1NTK, de-nn'-u. 503. n.s. [delkte, Fr.] A 
writ that lies against him, who, having- goods or 
chattels delivered to him to keep, refuses to deliver 
them again. Cow eL 
lb DETONATES*. det'-6-nate. r. n. [detono, Lat.] 

To make a noise like thunder. 
DETONATION, det-o-na'-shfln. n. s. A noise more 
forcible than the ordinary crackling of salts in cal- 
cination. Boit/e. 
To DETONIZE, det'-to-nlze. i 

detonation. Arbutlmot. 
DETOHSION^. ) ,, .s , ,5. 
DISTORTION*, \ de-tor'-shfin 

inal design. Donne. 
ToDETO'RTS. de-tort', v. a. [deiortus, Lat.l To 

wresl from the original import, meaning, or design. 

Dn/den. 
DETO' UR% de-t66r'. ». s. [Fr.] A turning; a way 

about. Dean Tucker. 
To DETRACT $, de-trakt'. i>. a. [detraction, Lat.] 

To derogate; to take away by envy any thing 

from the reputation of another. Bacon. To take 

awav; to withdraw. Wbtton, 
DETIlA CTER, de-trak'-tfir. n. s. One that takes 

away another's reputation. Spenser. 
DETRACTION, de-trak'-shtin. n. s. The impair- 
ing or lessening a man in point of fame. Aijliffe. 

A withdrawing; a taking awav. Bacon. 
DETRA'CTIOUS* de-trak'-shus. a. Lessening the 

honour of a thing; dishonourable. Johnson. 
DETRACTIVE*, de-trak'-tlv. a. Having the power 

to take or draw away. Knight. Disposed to dero- 
gate. Bp. Morton. 
DETRACTOR*, de-trak'-tur. n. s. One that takes 

awav another's reputation. Sir T. Elyot. 
DETRACTORY, de-lrak'-tur-e. 557. a. Defama- 

torv ; derogatorv. Brown. 
DETRACTRES3, de-trak'-tres. n. s. A censorious 

woman. Addison. 
To DETRECT$*, de-trekt'. via. [detrecto, La.L] To 

refuse ; to decline. Fofherby. Ob. T. 
DETRECTATION* de-trek-ta'-sh&n. n.s. Are 

fusing- lo do a thing. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
DETRIMENT §, det'-tre-ment. n. s. [detrimmtnm, 

Lat.] Loss ; damage ; mischief. Hooker. 
DETRIMENTAL, det-tre-men'-tal. a. Mischievous ; 

harmful ; causing loss. Addison. 
DETRITION, de-lrlsh'-Qn. 507. n.s. [detritus, Lat.] 

The act of wearing away. Steevens. 
To DETRUDES, de-tr&od ? . v. a. [detrudo, Lat.] 

To thrust down ; to force into a lower place. Davies. 
ToDETRU'NCATEy, de-trung'-kate. v. a. [de- 

irnnco, Lat.] To lop; to cut. Cockeram. 
DETRUNCATION, det-rfing-ka'-shim. n. s. The 

act of loppinsror cutting. Biblioth. Bib. 
DETRU SION. de-tro&'-zhfin. n. s. [detrusio, Lat.] 

The act of thrusting or forcing down. Bp. Hall. 
DETURBATION, det-ur-ba'-shun. n. s. [deturbo, 

Lat.] Degradation. Diet. 
To DETU'RPATE* de-rur'-pate. w. a. [deturpo, 

Lai.lTo defile. Bp. Taylor. 
DEUCE, diise. n. s. [dates, old Fr.] Two. A word 

used for a card or die with two spots. Shakspeare. 

The devil. See Deuse. 
DEUSE, di'ise. n. s. [from Dusius. the name of a 

certain species of evil spirits.] The devil ; a lu- 
dicrous word. Confrere. 
DEUTERO'GAMIST*, du-ter-6g'-a-mlst. n,s. He 

who enters into a second marriage. Goldsmith. 
DEUTEROGAMY $, du-ter-6g'-a-me. 518. n.s. 

[Sivrcpoi and yd/jLos.] A second marriage. Gold- 
smith. 
DEUTERONOMY. du-ter-6n'-6-me. 518. n.s. 

[SivTcpos vo/jtog.] The second book of the law j 

the fifth book of Moses. Gray. 
DEUTERO'SCOPY,du-ter-6s'-k6-pe. n.s. [iivnpos 

and cio-iw.~\ The second intention ; the meaning 

bevond the literal sense. Brown. Ob. J. 
To DEVA'ST$* de-vast', v. a. [devasto, Lat.] To 

plunder,- to waste. Sandys. Ob. T. 



To DEVASTATE*, de-vas'-tate. v. a. To waste. 
DEVASTATION, dev-as-ta'-shfin. n.s. Waste; 

havock ; desolation. Bp. Hall. 
To DEVE'LOPE$, de-vel'-up. v. a. [developer, Fr.] 
To disengage; to disentangle; to clear from its 
covering. Pope. 
DEVE'LOPEMENT*, de-vel'-fip-ment. n. s. The 
act of minutely showing ; an exhibition. Dr. War- 
ton* 
DEVE'RGENCE, de-ver'-jense. n.s. [devergadia 

LatJ Declivitv ; declination. Diet. 
To DEVE'ST, de-vest', v. a. [devestio, Lat.] [More 
frequently divest.] To strip ; to deprive of clothes. 
Slutk. To annul ; to take away any thing good. 
Bacon. To free from any thing bad. Prior. 
DE VE'X §, de-veks'. a. [devexus, hat.] Bending down ; 

declivous. 
DEVE'X*, de-veks'. n.s. Devexity. May. 
DEVE'XITY, de-vek'-se-te. n.s. Incurvation down- 
wards ; declivity. Davies. 
To DE'VIATE §, de'-ve-ate. 542. v.n. [devier. Fr.] 
To wander from the right or common way. Dry- 
den. To go astray ; to err ; to sin. 
DEVIATION, de-ve-a'-shfin. n.s. The act of quit- 
ting the right way. Chenne. Variation from estab- 
lished rule. Holder. Offence ; obliquity of con- 
duct. Clarissa. 
DEVICE §, de-vlse'. n. s. [devise, Fr.] A contrivance ; 
a stratagem. Shak. A design ; a scheme formed. 
Hooker. The emblem on a shield ; the ensign ar- 
morial. Dry den. Invention; genius. Shak. A 
soectacle ; a show. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DEVICEFUL* de-vlse'-ful. a. Full of costly spec- 
tacles. Spenser. Inventive; full of speculation. 
Spenser. 
DEVICEFULLY*, de-vlse'-ful-le. ad. In a manner 

curiously contrived. Donne. 
DE'VIL 6, dev'-vl. 159, 405. n. s. [biopul, Sax.] A 
fallen angel ; the tempter and spiritual enemy of 
mankind. Shak. A wicked manor woman. Shak. 
A ludicrous term for mischief. Granville. 
DE'VILING*,dev'-vl-mg.rc.s. A young devil. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
DE'VILISH, dev'-vl-lsh. a. Partaking of the quali- 
ties of the devil ; diabolical. Sidney. Having 
communication with the devil. Shak. An epithet 
of abhorrence or contempt. Shak. Excessive : in 
a ludicrous sense. Addison. 
DE'VILISHLY, dev'-vl-lsh-le. ad. Diabolically. 

Burton. 
DE'VILISHNESS*, deV-vl-Jsh-nes. ?i.s. The qual- 

itv of the devil. Bale. 
DE'VILISM*. deV-vl-Izm. n.s. The slate of devils. 

Bp. Hall. 
To DE'VILIZE* dev'-vl-lze. v. a. To place among 

devils. Bp. Hall. 
DE'VILKIN, dev'-vl-kb. n. s. A little devil. Cla- 
rissa. 
DE'VILSHIP*, dev'-vl-shfp. n.s. The character of a 

devil. Cowley. 
DE'VIOUS, de'-ve-fis. 542. a. Uemys, Lat.] Out of 
the common track. Dry den. Wandering; roving; 
rambling. Tlwmson. Erring. Clarissa. 
To DEVI'RGINATE*, de-ver'-je-nate. v. a. [devir- 
gino, Lat.] To deflour; to deprive of virginity, 
^Sandys. Ob. T. 
DEVFSABLE*, de-vl'-za-bl. a. Capable of being 
contrived, or invented. Sadler. Possible to be ex- 
cogitated. Barrow. That may be granted by will. 
Bl'ickstone. 
To DEVI'SE §, de-vlze'. 347, v. a. [deviser, Fr.] To 
contrive ; to form by art ; to invent. Spenser. To 
plan ; to scheme. Jeremiah. 
7Y> DEVI'SE, de-vlze'. v.n. To consider; to con- 
trive. Spenser. 
DEVISE, de-vlze'. n. s. [devise, old Fr.] The act of 
givingor bequeathing by will. CoweL Contrivance 
[See Device.] Hooker. 
To DEVFSE, de-vlze', v, a. To grant by will. A 

law term. 
DEVISEE', dev-e-zee'. n. s. He to whom something 
is bequeathed by will. 

283 



DEV 



DIA 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



DEVFSER, de-vl'-zfir. n. 5. A contriver ; an in- 
vented Brown. 

DEVFSOUR, de-vl'-zur. n.s. He that gives by will. 

DE'VITABLE$, dev'-e-ta-bl. a. [devitabilis,Laf] 
Possible to be avoided. Diet. 

DEVITA'TION, dev-e-uV-shun. n. s. Escaping or 
avoiding. Diet. 

DEVOCA'TION*, dev^-ka'-shun. n. s. [devocatio, 
Lat.] A calling away ', a seduction. Hallywell. 

DEVOID, de-vd'fd'. a. [vuide,Fr.] Empty j vacant ; 
void. Spe?iser. Without any thing ; free from ; in 
want of. Spenser. 

DEVOIR, de-vw6r'. n. s. [Fr.] Service. Knolles. 
Act of civility or obsequiousness. Spectator. 

To DEVOLVE $, de-volv'. v. a. [devolvo, Lat.] To 
roll down. Thomson. To move from one hand to 
another. Temple. 

To DEVOLVE, de-volv'. v.n. To roll down. To 
fall in succession into new hands. Decay of 
Piety. 

DEVOLUTION, dev-o-liV-shun. n.s. [devohilio, 
Lat.] The act of rolling down. Woodward. Re- 
moval successive from hand to hand. Hah. 

DEVORATION, dev-6-ra/-shun. n. s. [devoro, Lat.] 
The act of devouring. Diet. 

DEVO'TARY*, de-vi'-ta-re. n. s. One devoted to a 
particular worship ; a votary. Gregory. 

To DEVOTE §, de-v6te / . v. a. [devmeo, devotus, 
Lat.] To dedicate ; to consecrate ; to appropri- 
ate by vow. Lev. To addict ; as to a sect 01- study. 
Watts. To condemn; to resign to ill. Decay of 
Piety. To addict ; to give up to ill. Grew. To 
curse ; to execrate. Milton. 

DEVOTE, de-vote 7 , a. For devoted. Sir E. San- 
dys. 

DEVOTE*, d£-v6te'. n. s. One devoted to a partic- 
ular service. Sir E. Sandys. 

DEVOTEDNESS, de-vi'-tgd-nes. n. s. Consecra- 
tion ; addictedness. Boyle. 

DEVOTEE 7 , dev-v6-tee'. n. s. [devot, Fr.] One er- 
roneously or superstitiously religious; a bigot. 
Spectator. 

DEVOTEMENT*, de-v6te / -m^nt. n. s. The act of 
devoting. Hurd. 

DEVO'TER*, de-v6 / -tur. n.s. One devoted; wor- 
shipper. Sir Miles Sandys. 

DEVOTION §, de-v^-shun.rc.s. [devotio, LatJ The 
state of being consecrated or dedicated. Piety ; 
acts of religion ; devoutness. Dryden. An act of 
external worship. Hooker. Prayer ; expression of 
devotion. Spenser. An oblation devoted to chari- 
table or pious use. Communion Service. Devout- 
ness ; piety. Milton. An act of reverence, respect, 
or ceremony. Shak. Strong affection; ardent 
love. Shale. Earnestness; ardour; eagerness. 
Sliak. Disposal ; power ; state of dependence. 
Clarendon. 

DEVOTIONAL, de-v6'-shun-al. a. Pertaining to 
devotion ; religious. King Charles. 

DEVOTIONALIST,de-v6 y -shun-al-'ist. n.s. A man 
zealous without knowledge ; superstitiously devout. 
Coventnj. 

DEVOTIONIST*, de-v6'-shQn-lst. n. s. One who is 
only formally, or superstitiously, devout. Bp. Hall. 

DEVOTO*, de-v6'-t6. n. s. A devotee. Spenser, 

DEVOTOR*, de-vo'-tur. n. s. One who reverences 
or .worships. Beaumont. 

To t>EVO'UR§, de-vSur', v. a. [devoro, Lat.] To 
eat up ravenously. Genesis. To destroy or con- 
sume with rapidity and violence. Joel. To swal- 
low up. Shakspeare. To enjoy with avidity. Dry- 
den. 
DEVOU'RER, de-vou'-rar. 98. n. s. A consumer ; 

he that devours. Shakspeare. 
DEVOU'RINGLY*, de-vo&r'-ing-le, ad. In a con- 
suming manner. Huloet. 
DEVO'UT§, de-vSm'. a. [devotus, Lat.] Pious; re- 
ligious. Rogers. Filled with pious thoughts. Dry- 
den. Expressive of devotion or piety. Milton. 
DEVO'UT* de-vSut'. n. s. A devotee. Sheldon. 
DEVO'UTLESSNESS*, de-vSut'-les-ngs. n. s. 
Want of devotion. Bp. of Chichester. 



DEVO'UTLY, de-v&utMe. ad. Piously ; religiously 
Bacon. 

DEVO'UTNESS*, de-vdut'-n&s. n.s. Piety. Glan 
ville. 

To DEVO'W*, de-v6&'. v. a. [devoveo, Lat.] To give 
up ; to addict. B. Jonson. 

ToDEWS, du. v.a. [beapian, Sax.] To wet as 
with dew ; to moisten ; to bedew. Spenser. 

DEW, du. n.s. [beap, Sax.] The moisture upon the 
ground. Shakspeare. 

DE'WBENT*, du'-bent. part. a. Bent by dew. 
Thomson. 

DE / WBERRY, du'-ber-re. 71. s. Raspberry. Han 
mer. 

DE'WBESPRENT, du-be-sprent'. part. Sprinkled 
with dew. Milton. 

DE WDROP, du'-dr&p. n. s. A drop of dew which 
sparkles at sun-rise. Shakspeare. 

DEW-DROPPING*, du'-dr&p'-pfng. part. a. Wet- 
ting as with dew. Tliomson. 

DE W-IMPEARLED*, diV-lm-perld'. part. a. Cov- 
ered with dewdrops, which resemble pearls. Dray- 
ton. 

DE y WLAP§, du'-lap. n.s. [from lapping or licking 
the dew.] The flesh that hangs down from the 
throats of oxen. Addison. A hp flaccid with age. 
Shakspeare. 

DE WLAPT, duMapt. a. Furnished with dewlaps 
Shakspeare. 

DEW-WORM, diV-wurm. n. s. A worm found in 
dew. Walton. 

DE'WY, diV-e. a. Resembling dew ; partaking of 
dew. Milton. Moist with dew ; roscid. Spenser. 

DEXTER, deks'-ter. a. [Lat.] The right ; not the 
left. A term used in heraldry. Shakspeare. 

DEXTE'RITYS, dgks-teV-e-te. n.s. [dexter, Lat.] 
Readiness of limbs ; activity. Readiness of con- 
trivance ; quickness of expedient. Bacon. 

DE XTEROUS, dels'-ter-fis. a. Expert at any 
manual employment ; active ; ready. Pope. Ex- 
pert in management ; subtle. Locke. 

DEXTEROUSLY, d£ks'-ter-us-le. ad. Expertly ; 
skilfully; artfully. South. 

DE'XTEROUSNESS*, dgks'-tSr-us-nes. n.s. Skill. 
Howell. 

DE'XTRAL, d^ks'-tral. a. The right ; not the left 
Brown. 

DEXTRA'LITY, dSks-tral'-e-t^. n. s. The state of 
being on the right side. Broivn. 

DEY*, da. n. s. The title of the supreme governour 
of Algiers in Barbary, who is called bey at Tunis. 

DIABETES, dl-a-beMez. n.s. [Stafidnns-] A morbid 
copiousness of urine. Derham. 

DIABO LICAL, di-a-bol'-e-kal. ) a. [diabolus, Lat,] 

DIABO'LICK, dl-a-bol'-?k. 509. \ Devilish ; par- 
taking of the qualities of the devil ; impious ; atro- 
cious. Milton. 

DI ABO' LIC ALLY*, dl-a-bol'-e-kal-le. ad. In a 
devilish or nefarious manner. Sherwood. 

DIABO'LICALNESS*, dl-a-b&F-e-kal-nSs. n. s. 
The quality of a devil. Dr. Warton. 

DIA BOLISM*. dl-ab'-d-lfzm. n. s. The actions of 
the devil. Brown. Possession by the devil. War- 
burton. 

DIA'CIIYLON* dl-ak'-e-lon. n. s. [6id and X j\b s .'\ 
A mollifying plaster, made of juices. Burke. 

DIAC ODIUM, di-a-ko'-de-um. n. s. [6id and kw- 
<5aa.] The sirup of poppies. Johnson. 

DIAGONAL*, di-ak'-o-nal. a. [diaconus, Lat.] Of 
or belonging 1 to a deacon. Cotgrave. 

DIACO'USTICKS, dl-a-ko&'-stlks. n. s. [Covert 
*<z.] The doctrine of sounds, 

DIACRITICAL*, dl-a-krft'-e-kal. )a. [foaKotnKbs.t 

DIACRFTICK*, dl-a-krftMk. ] Distinguished 
by a point or mark. Johnsoti. 

DFADEM§, dl'-a-dem. n. s. [6idS V na.] A tiara ; an 
ensign of royalty bound about the head of eastern 
monarchs. Spenser. The mark of royalty worn on 
the head ; the crown. Milton 

DFADEMED, dl'-a-demd. 359. a. Adorned with a 
diadem. Pope. 

DFADROM. dl'-a-drum. 166. n. s. [ttaSooufwA The 
284 r 





DIA DIA 


— n6, move, nor, n6t 5— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ; — p6flnd ;— th'm, THis. 



time in which any motion is performed; the time 
in which a pendulum performs its vibration. 

DLE'RESIS, dl-eV-e-sk 124. n.s. [Siatpccs.] The 
separation or disjunction of syllables 5 as, a?r. 

JKT Mr. Sheridan has given the long sound of e to the 
second syllable of this word, contrary to the general 
practice, which is supported by the most general rule in 
pronunciation. The antepenultimate accent, unless 1 
succeeded by a diphthong, always shortens the vowel it } 
falls upon. 534. Nor does the diphthong in this word 1 
prevent the shortening power of the accent any more 
than in Catsarea. 124. W. 

DIAGNCSTICK, dl-ag-nos'-trk. n. 5. [Siayi™*™.] 
A symptom by which a disease is distinguished 
from others. Harvey. 

DIAGONAL $, dl-ag'-6-nal. 116. a. [Stay&vtos.] 
Reaching- from one angle to another, so as to di- 
vide a parallelogram into equal parts. Brawn. 

DIA / GO>AL.dl-ag / -6-nal. n.s. A line drawn from 
angle to angle, and dividing a square into equal 

forts. Locke. 
A'GONALLY, dl-ag'-o-nal-e. ad. In a diagonal 
direction. Brown. 
DFAGRA3I, dl'-a-gram. n. s. [Sidypaujxa.] A deline- 
ation of geometrical figures. Dryden. 
DIAGRATHICAL* dU-graf-e-kal. a. [Sid and 

ypdd>u>.] Descriptive. Cockeram. 
DIAGRYDIATES, dl-a-grld'-e-ates. n. s. [diagry- 
dium, Lat.] Strong purgatives made with diagry- 
dium. Floyer. 
DFAL$, dl'-al. 88. n. s. [diale, Skinner.] A plate j 
marked with lines, where a hand or shadow shows ! 
the hour. Shakspeare. 
DIAL-PLATE, dl'-al-plate. n. s. That on which 

hours or lines are marked. Addison. 
DFALECTS, dKa-llkt. n. s. [SidXsKT^.] The subdi- 
vision of a language. Style ; manner of expression, j 
Hooker. Language ; speech. Shakspeare. 
DIALECTICAL, dl-a-lek'-te-kal. a. Logical ; ar- 
gumental. Boyle. Respecting dialects, or the sub- 
division of a language. Hodges. ' 
DIALECTFCIAN*, dU-lek-rish'-e-an. n. s. A lo- 
gician ; a reasoner. 
DlALF/CTICK^, dl-a-lek'-dk. n. s. [SiaXeKriKr,.] 

Logick ; the art of reasoning. 
DIALE'CTICK*, dl-a-lck'-dk. a. Argumental. 

Ellis. 
DFALIST, dl'-al-tfst. n.s. A constructor of dials. 

Moxon. 
DFALLING, dl'-al-llng. n.s. The sciaterick science 5 
the knowledge of shadow ; the art of constructing 
dials. Bp. Berkeley. 
To DLVLOGISE §* dl-al'-o-jlze. v.n. [dialogiser, 

old Fr.] To discourse in dialogue. Fotherby" 
DIA'LOGISM*, dl-al'-O-jjfzm. n. s. A feigned speech 

between two or more. Fulke. 
DIA'LOGIST, dl-al'-lo-jlst. 11G. n. s. A speaker in a 

dialogue; a writer of dialogues. Barrow. 
DIALOGFSTICALLY*. dl-al-o-jfst'-e-kal-le. ad. 

In the manner of a dialogue. Bp. Richardson. 
DFALOGUE§. di'-a-log. 338. n.s. [6id\oyo S .] A| 
conference ; a conversation between two or more, i 
Slutksneare. . ■ — v 
To DFALOGUE, dl'-a-log. v. n. To discourse with 

another ; to confer, Shakspeare. 
DIALOGUE-WRITER*, dl'-a-l&g-rl'-t&r. n.s. One 
wno writes feigned^ conversations between two or 
more. Dr. Warton. 
DIALY'SIS, dl-al'-e-sk 116. n.s. [SidXvan.] The 
figure in rhetorick by which syllables or words are 
divided. 
DFAMANTINE* dl-l-man'-tln. a. [diamantin, old 

Fr.] Adamantine ; hard as a diamond. Sylvester. 
DIAMETER $, dl-am'-e-tfir. 116. n. s. [Sid and pi- 
rpov.] The line, which, passing through the centre 
of a circle, or other curvilinear figure, divides it into 
equal parts. Raleigh. 
DIAMETRAL, dl-am'-me-tral. a. Describing the 
diameter; relating to the diameter. Gregory. j 
Opposite. B. Jonson. 
DIA'METRALLY, dl-am'-me-trauV. ad. Accordin 



to the direction of a diameter ; in direct opposition. 
Harmar. 

DlAMF/TRlCAL,dl-a-met'-tre-kal. a. Describing 
a diameter. Observing the direction of a diame- 
ter. Government of the Tongue. 

DIAME'TRICALLY, di-a-meV-tre-kal-e. ad. In a 
diametrical direction. Clarendon. 

DIAMOND, di'-a-mund. [dl'-mfind, Sheridan and 
Jones.] n. s. [diamant, Fr.] The most valuable 
and hardest of all the gems; is, when pure, per- 
fectly clear and pellucid as the purest water. 
Hill. 

DIAMONDED*, dl'-a-mand-cd. a. In squares, like 
diamonds. Fuller. 

DFAPASE, dP-a-pa.se. n.s. [Sid itacuv.] A chord in- 
cluding all tones ; the diapason. Spenser. 

DFAPASM*, dl'-a-pazm. n. s. [SidKaffjAa.] A pow- 
der or perfume. B. Jonson. 

DIAPA'SON, dl-a-pa'-zon. n. s. A chord which in- 
cludes all tones ; an octave. Harris. 

DFAPER §, dl'-a-por. 98. n.s. [diapre,Fr.] Linen cloth 
woven in flowers, and other figures ; the finest spe- 
cies of figured iinen alter damask. Spenser. A 
napkin ; a towel. Shakspeane. 

To DFAPER, dl'-a-pur. v. a. To variegate ; to di- 
versify; to flower. Spenser. To draw flowers 
upon clothes. Peacham. 

DIA'PHANED* di-af -an-ecl.a. Transparent. Trans- 
lation of Boccalini. Ob. T. 

DIAPHANEITY, di-a-f a-ne'-e-te. n. s. Transpa- 
rency ; pellucidness. Ray. 

DIAPHA'NICK, dl-a-fan'-ik. 509. a. Transparent; 
pellucid. Raleigh. 

DIATHANOUSS, dUf-fa-nus. 518. a. [Sid and 
<pdivo).~) Transparent ; clear ; translucent. Raleigh. 

DIAPHORE'TICAL*. dl-a-lo-ret'-e-kal. a. Sudo- 
rifick. W. Mouniagu. 

DIAPHORE'TICK, dl-a-ft-reV-ik. a. [oWop^o?.] 
Sudorifick 5 promoting perspiration 5 causing sweat. 
Watts. 

DIAPHORE'TICK*, dl-a-f6-ret'-?k. n. s. A sudo 
rifick medicine. ArbuLhnol. 

DFAPHRAGM, di'4-fram. 389. n.s. [Sid<pp ayi xa I 
The midriff', which divides the upper cavity of the 
body from the lower. Bp. Berkeley. Any division 
or partition which divides a hollow body. Wood- 
ward. 

DPAR1ST*, dl'-a-rlst. n. s. [from diary.'] One who 
keeps a regular account of transactions. 

DIARRHOE'A §, dl-ar-re'-a. n. s. [Siaopoir,.] A flux 
of the bell v. Quincy. 

DIARRHOE'TICK, dl-ar-ret'-Ik. a. Solutive ; pur- 
gative. Arbuthnot. 

DI'ARY§, dl'-a-re. n. s. [diarium, Lat.] An account 
of the transactions and observations of every day ; 
a journal. Bacon. 

DFASTEM*, dl'-a-stem. n. s. [Sid<jr W a^ [In mu- 
sick.] A name applied to a simple interval, in 
contradistinction to a compound one, which has 
been called a system. 
DLVSTOLE, dl-as'-t&-le. 116. n. s. [SideroXM A 
figure in rhetorick, by which a short syllable is 
made long. The dilatation of the heart. 
DIA'STYLE, df'-as-tfle. n.s. [Sid and arvXos.] A 
sort of edifice where the pillars stand at such a dis- 
tance from one another, that three diameters o( 
their thickness are allowed for intercolumnialion. 
Harris. 

QCr The reason why this word is pronounced in threo 
syllables, and diastole in four, is, that the latter is per- 
fect Greek, StdaroXi], and the former is a compound of 
our own, formed from Sid and <rn;Ao?, a pillar. The 
same reason holds good for pronouncing apocope, as 
divided into a-poc-o-pe ; and osteoscope into os-te-o- 
scope. And though Johnson, Ash, Buchanan, and 
Barclay, accent di.astyle on the second syllable, I have 
no hesitation to differ from them by placing the accent 
on the first. — See Academy. W. 

DIATE'SSERON. dl-a-tes'-se-ron. n s. [of Sid and 
Ttovepa.] In musical composition, a perfect fourth. 
Harris. 

DIATO'NICK, dl-a-ton'-lk. a. [of oW<5i/ j.] The 
. 285 



DID 



DIF 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;— 



ordinary sort of musick which proceeds by different 
tones, either in ascending- or descending. Hair's. 
DIATRIBE*, di'-a-trlbr. n.s. [Siaroi^.] A dispu- 
tation, or continued discourse. Bailey. 
Dl'BBLE $,<flb'-bl.405. »• s. [dip/el, Dutch.] A small 
spade; a pointed instrument with which the gar- 
deners make holes for planting. Tvsser. 
To Dl'BBLE*, dib'-bl. v. n. To dib or dip. A term 

used by anglers. Walton. 
DFBSTONE\ diV-sl6ne. n. s. A little stone which 

children throw at another stone. Locke. 
DICA'CITY.de-kas'-se-te. 124. n.s. [dicacilos, Lat.] 

Pertness; sauciness. Graves. 
DICES, dlse. n. s. The plural of die. Bentley. 
To DICE, dise. v. n. To game with dice. Shak. 
DICE-BOX, dlse'-boks. n. s. The box from which 

the dice are thrown. Addison. 
DI'CER, di'-ser. 98. n. s. A player at dice. Shak. 
DICH. This word seems corrupted from dit for do 

it. Shakspeare. 
To DICHOTOMIZE* dl-kot'-o-mlze. t>. a. To 

separate ; to divide. Bp. Hall. 
DICHOTOMY 6, dl-k&l'-o-me. n. s. [S^oTo^a.] 

Distribution of ideas bv pairs. Waits. 
DI'CKER of Leather, a. s. [diem, low Lat.] Ten 

hides. Dicker of iron, ten bars. 
To DFCTATE §, di'k'-tate. 91. v.a. [dido, Lat.] To 
deliver to another with authority ; to declare with 
confidence. Pope. 
DFCTATE, dik'-tate. 7i.s. Rule or maxim delivered 

with authority; prescription; prescript. Locke. 
DICTATION, dik-ta/-shun. n. s. Dictating or pre- 
scribing. Bp. Hall. 
DICTATOR, dik-ta'-tur. 521, 16G. n. s. A magis- 
trate of Rome, made in times of exigence and dis- 
tress, and invested with absolute authority. Waller, i 
One invested with absolute authority. Milton. One I 
whose credit or authority enables him to direct die j 
conduct or opinion of others. Locke. 
DICTATORIAL, dik-ta-to'-re-al. a. Authoritative \ 

confident; dogmatical; overbearing. Waits. 
DICTATORSHIP, dik-ti'-tur-shlp. n. s. The office 
of dictator. Wotton. Authority; insolent confi- 
dence. On/den. 
DICTATOR Y* f dlk'-ta-ttir-e. a. Overbearing ; dog- 
matical. Milton. 
DICTATURE, dik-uV-tshure. n.s. The office of a 

dictator. Diet. 
DLCTION, dlk'-shun. B. s. Style ; language ; ex- 
pression. Dm den. 
DICTIONARY, dfk'-shun-a-re. n. s. A book con- 
taining the words of any language in alphabetical 
order, with explanations of (heir meaning; a lexi- 
con; a vocabulary; a word-book. Brown. 
{£5= A few ye.-irs ago this word was universally pro- 
nounced as if written dixnarij. and a person would have 
been thought a pedant if lie had pronounced it according 
to its orthography ; but, such has been the taste for im- 
provement in speaking, that now a person would risk I 
the imputation of vulgarity, should he pronounce it j 
otherwise than it is written. W. 
DID, did. [bib, Sax.] The preterit of do. Shak. 
The sign of the preter-imperfect tense, or perfect. I 
Dry den. It is sometimes used emphatically; as, I 
did realty love him. 
DIDA'CT'iCAL. de-dak'-le-kal. ) a. Preceptive : 
DiDA'CTICK, de-dak' -tlk. 124. J giving precepts. 

Bp. Tan lor. 
D1DAPPER, did'-ap-pur. n. s. [from dip.] A bird 

that dives into the water. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DIDASCA'LICK, did-as-kal'-lk. 125, 509. a. [<5«W- 

Ka\iKis.] Preceptive; didactick. Prior. 
To DIDDER, did'-dur. v. n. [diddern, Teut.] To 

quake with cold ; to shiver. Shencood. 
To DIDDLE*, dld'-dl. v.n. To totter; to move like 

a child, or an aged person. Quarles. 
DIDRACHM*. "dl'-dram. n. s. [Sis and SpaxM-] A 
piece of money ; the fourth part of an ounce of 
silver. Bp. Taylor. 
DIDST, didst. The second person of the preter 

tense of do. Dry den. 
DIDU'CTION, de-dok'-sh5n. n. s. [diductio, Lat.] 



Separation by withdrawing one part from the 
other. Boiile. 
To DIE$, dl. r. a. [bea£, or bean, Sax.] To tinge 

to colour ; to slain. Milton. 
DIE, dl. n.s. Colour; tincture. Shakspeare. 
To DIE §, di. t\ n. [beabian, Sax.] To lose life ; to 
expire; to pass into another state of existence 
Sidney. To perish by violence or disease. Dnj- 
den. To be punished with death. Shak. To be 
lost; to perish; to come to nothing. Shak. To 
sink ; to faint. 1 Sain. [In theology.] To perish 
everlastingly. Hakewill. To languish with pleasure 
or tenderness. Pope. To vanish. Shak. To lan- 
guish with affection. Taller. To wither, as a 
vegetable. St. John. To grow vapid, as liquor. 

DIE, dl. n. s. pi. dice, [de, Fr.] A small cube, marked 
on its faces with numbers lrom one to six, which 
gamesters throw in play. Shak. Hazard; chance. 
Spenser. Any cubick body. Watts. 

DIE, d\.n.s. pi. dies. The stampused in coinage. Suift. 

DI'ER, dl'-fir. 98. n. s. One who follows the' trade "of 
dyeing. Waller. 

DI'ET $, dl'-et. n.s. [diccla, Lat.] Food; provisions 
for the mouth ; victuals. Raleigh. Food regulated 
by the rules of medicine. Bacon. Allowance of 
provision. Jeremiah. 
To DI'ET, dl'-et. v. a. To feed by the rules of medi- 
cine. Spenser. To give food to. Shak. To board : 
to supply with diet. 

To DIET, dl'-et. v. n. To eat by rules of physick. 
To eat ; to feed. Milton. 

DI'ET, dl'-et. n. s. [a multitude, German.] An assem- 
bly of princes or estates. Raleigh, 

DIET-DRINK, dl'-et-drlnk. n. s. Medicated liquors. 
Locke. 

DI'ET ARY, dl'-et-a-re. a. Pertaining to the rules of 
diet. Diet. 

DI'ETARY*. dl'-et-a-re. n. s. A medicine of diet. 
Hnloet. 

DIETER, di'-et-ur. 98. n. s. One who prescribes 
rules for eating. Shakspeare. 

DIETETIC AL. di-e-tet'-e-kal. ) a. [SiairfriKt).] Re- 

DIETETICK, di-e-tet'-ik. ^ latingto diet; be- 
longing to the medicinal cautions about the use of 
food. Brown. 

DFETING* di'-et-?ng. n. s. The act of eating by 
rules. Milton.. 

DIFFARREA'TION*, dlf-far-e-a'-shun. n.s. [dis 
<uv\farreatio, Lat.] The parting of a cake ; a sacra- 
fice performed between man and wife at their di- 
vorcement, among the Romans. Bullokav. 

To DFFFERj, diP'-fur. 98. ?>.». [differo, Lat.] To be 
distinguished from ; to have properties and quali- 
ties not the same with those of another. Bacon. To 
contend ; to be at variance. Bacon. To be of a 
contrary opinion. Burnet. 

To DPFFER*. dlf-fur. ». a. To make different 
Cowley. 

DIFFERENCE, dif'-fur-ense. 555. n. s. [differen- 
tia., Lat.] State of being distinct from something. 
Hooker. The quality by which one differs from 
another. Raleigli. The disproportion between one 
thing and another caused by the qualities of each. 
Shak. Dispute; debate. Shak. Distinction. Ad- 
dison. Point in question ; ground of controversy. 
Shak. A logical distinction. Baron. Evidences 
of distinction. Daries. Distinct kind. Brown. 

To DIFFERENCE, d?P-fur-ense. v. a. To cause a 
difference ; to mske one thing not the same as 
another. Bp. Hall. 

DIFFERENT, dlf-fur-ent. a. Distinct; not the 
same. Add-on. Of contrary qualities. Phillips. 
Unlike; dissimilar. Dryden. 

DIFFERENTIAL, dif-'fur-en'-shal. a. Differentiae 
method consists in descending from whole quanti- 
ties to their infinitely small differences, and compar- 
ing together these infinitely small differences, of 
what kind soever they he. Harris. 

DIFFERENTLY, dif'-fur-ent-le. a. In a different 
manner. Addison. 

DI'FFERINGLY, dlf'-fur-?ng-le. ad. In a differei: 
manner. Boyle. 

2Sfi 



DIF 



DIG 



— 116, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tfib, bull; — oil; — pdund; — th'm, thi 



DIFFICILE 

cult ; hard 



l#, dif-fe-s?l. a. [dWicilis, Lat.] Difh- 
; not easy. Sir 1 . Elyot. Scrupulous ; 

hard to be persuaded. Bacon. Little used. 
DI'FFICILENESS, dif-fe-sil-nes. n. s. Difficulty to 

be persuaded, Bacon. 
To DIFFICI'LITATE*, dlf-fe-sil'-e-tate. v. a. To 

make difficult. Cotgrave. 
DIFFICULT*, diP-ie-kftlt. a. Hard ; not easy : not 

facile. Zichariali. Troublesome} vexatious. Hard 

lo please ; peevish ; morose. 
To Dl'FFICULTAT E*. dir-fe-kftl-tate. v. a. [dif 

ftcuiter, Fr.] To render difficult ; to perplex. Cot- 

Df'FFICULTLY, dif-fe-kult-le. ad. Hardly 5 with 
difficulty. Rogers. 

DIFFICULTY, dlf-fe-kol-te. n. s. Hardness j con- 
trariety to easiness or facility. Rogers. That which 
is hard to accomplish. South. Distress; opposition. 
Dryden. Perplexity in affairs. Addison. Objec- 
tion ; cavil. Swift. 

3r\DlFFI'DE$, dif-fide'. v.n. [diffido, Lat.] To 
distrust ; lo have no confidence in. More. 

DIFFIDENCE, dlf-fe-dense. n. s. Distrust; want 
of confidence. Bacon. Doubt; want of confidence 
in ourselves. Locke. 

DIFFIDENT, dif-fe-dSnt. a. Distrustful; doubting- 
others. Milton. Doubtful of an event; uncertain. 
Pope. Doubtful of himself; not confident. King 
Cluxr/es. 

Di FFIDENTLY*, di'P-fe-dent-le. ad. In a manner 
not presumptuous. Smart. 

To D1FFFND y, dff-ffad'. v. a. [dijindo, Lat.] To 
cleave in two ; to split. Diet. 

DEFINITIVE*, dJf-fln'-e-tlv. a. [dijfmio, difflni- 
tnm, Lat.] Determinate ; definitive. Sir H. Wot- 
ton. 

D1FFI SION, dlf-flsh'-un. [See Abscission.] n. s. 
[dijisio, Lat.] The act of cleaving- or splitting. Did. 

DIFFLA'TION, dff-fla'-shun. n. s. [diflare, Lat.] 
The act of scattering with a blast of wind. Diet. 

DFFFLUENCE, d?f -flu-ense. ) n. s. [diffluo, Lat.] 

DFFFLUENCY, diF-flu-en-se. \ The quality of fall- 
ing away on all sides ; the effect of fluidity. Brown. 

DIFFLUENT, dif-flu-ent. 518. a. Flowing every 
wav ; not consistent ; not fixed. 

DIFFORMy, dif'-form. a. [forma, Lat.] Contrary 
to uniform; dissimilar; unlike; irregular. New- 
ton. 

DIFFO'RMITY, dlf-fcV-me-te. n. s. Diversity of 
form ; irregularity. Brown. 

DIFFRA'NCHISEMENT, dlf-fran'-tshlz-ment. n. s. 
[franchise, Fr.] The act of taking away privi- 
leges, i 

To DIFFUSE §, dif-fiW. v. a. [difusus, Lat.] To 
pour out upon a plane, so that* the liquor may 
run every way. Burnet. To spread; to scatter. 
Spenser. 

DIFFUSE, dff-fiW. a. Scattered; widely spread. 
Copious; not concise. Dr. Warton. Difficult. 
Skelton. 

Tgj* This adjective is distinguished from the verb in the 
pronunciation of s, in the same manner as the noun use 
is from the verb to use, and abuse from to auuse, &c. 
499. This analogy is very prevalent, and seems the 
reason that adjectives ending in sive have the 5 pure. 
428. W. 

DIFFUSED, dff-fuzd'. 359. part. a. Wild; un- 
couth ; irregular. Shak. Extended at full length. 
Milton. 

DIFFU'SEDLY, dlf-nV-zed-le. 364. ad. Widely; 
dispersedlv. 

DIFFUSEDNESS, d?f-fiV-zgd-nes. 365. n. s. The 
state of being diffused. Sherwood. 

DIFFUSELY, dlf-fuse'-le. ad. Widely ; extensively. 
Copiously ; not concisely. 

DIFFUSER*, dlf-fu'-zor. n. s. One who disperses. 
Mannyngham. 

DIFFUSIBLE* dlf-fu'-ze-bl. a. Capable of being 
diffused. 

DIFFUSION, dif-fu'-zhan. n. s. Dispersion. Bacon. 
Copiousness ; exuberance of style. 

DIFFUSIVE, dif-fu'-slv. 428. a. Having the quality 



of scattering every way. Dryden. Scattered; dis- 

fersed. Bunwt. Extended. Tillotson. 
FFUSIVELY, dlf-fiV-siv-le. ad. Widely; exten- 
sively; everyway. Bentley. 

DIFFUSIVENESS, dif-fiV-sIv-nes. n.s. Extension; 
dispersion j the power of diffusing. Bp. Hall. 
Want of conciseness ; large compass of expression. 
Addison. 
To DIGy, dig. vi a. preter. dug, or digged; part, 
pass, dug, or digged, [bic, Sax.] To pierce with a 
spade. Ezekiel. ' To lorin by digging. Whitgift. 
To cultivate the ground by turning it with a spade. 
Temple. To pierce with a sharp point. Dryden. 
To gain by digging. Woodward. 
To DIG, dig. v. n. To work with a spade, in making 

holes or turning the ground. Job. 
To DIG up. v. a. To throw up that which is covered 
with earth. Shakspeare. 

DIGA'MMA*, de-gW-ma. 11. s. [Gr.] The letter F, 
so called because it resembles the Greek letter 
gamma, made double. Pope. 

DIGAMY, cuV-a-me. n. s. [foy&nia.] Second mar- 
riage. Sir T. Herbert. 

DIGA'STRICK* de-gas'-trlk. a. [Sis and yacrfyj 
Applied to a muscle of the lower jaw, as having, as 
it were, a double belly. Paley. 

DFGERENT, did'-je-r&nt. a. [digerens, Lat.] That 
which has the power of digesting, or causing - diges- 
tion. Diet. 

DFGEST, dl'-jest. 492. n. s. The pandect of the civil 
law, containing the opinions of the ancient lawyers. 
Bacon. 

To DIGEST §, de-jest'. 124. v. a. [digero, digeshim, 
Lat.] To distribute into various classes ; to range 
methodically. Mirror for Magistrates. To con- 
coct in the stomach. Shak. To soften by heat, as 
in a boiler. Bentley. To range methodically in the 
mind. Collect. To reduce to any plan, scheme, or 
method. Shak. To receive without loathing or 
repugnance. Shak. To receive and enjoy. Slmk. 
To dispose a wound to generate pus in order to a 
cure. 

To DIGEST, de-jSst'. v. n. To generate matter as 
a wound, and tend to a cure. 

DIGESTER, de-jes'-tur. n. s. He that digests. Ar- 
huthnot. A strong vessel or engine to boil bony 
substances, so as lo reduce them into a fluid state. 
Quincy. That whieh strengthens the concoctive 
power. Temple. 

DIGESTIBLE, de-jeV-te-bl. a. Capable of being 
digested. Bacon. 

DIGESTION, de-jeV-tshun. n. s. The act of digest 
ing. Shak. The preparation of matter by a chym 
ical heat. Bacon. Reduction to a plan ; the act of 
methodizing. Temple. The act of disposing, or the 
disposition of a wound to generate matter. Sharp. 

DIGESTIVE, de-jeV-tiv. a. Having the power to 
cause digestion. JBrottm. Capable try heat to soft- 
en and subdue. Hale. Methodizing ; adjusting. 
Dryden. 

DIGESTD7E, de-jeV-tiv. n. s.An application which 
disposes a wound to generate matter. Wiseman. 

DIGESTURE, de-jeV-tshure. n. s. Concoction. 
Harvey. 

DFGGABLE, dtg'-ga-bl. a. That may be digged. 

DFGGER, dTg'-gur. 98. n. s. One that opens the 
ground with a spade. Boyle. 

To DIGHTy, dlte. 393. v. a. [bihfcan, Sax.] To 
dress; to deck; to adorn. Spenser. To put on. 
Spenser. 

DFGIT, did'-jrt. n.s. [digitus, Lat.] The measure or 
length containing three-fourths of an inch. Boyle. 
The twelfth part of the diameter of the sun or moon 
Any of the numbers expressed by single figures ; 
any number to ten : so called from counting upon 
the fingers. Brown. 

DFGITAL*, dfd'-je-tal. a. Pertaining to a finger 
Bailey. 

DFGlTATED, dfd'-je-ta-teU a. Branched out into 
divisions like fingers. Brown. 

To DIGLA'DIATE*, de-gla'-de-ate. v. n. [dtgla- 
dior, Lat.l To fence ; to quarrel. Haks. 
J 287 



DIL 



DIM 



O* 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



D/GLADIATION, di-gla-de-a'-sh&n. 125. n.s. A I 
combat with swords ; any quarrel or contest. B. I 
Jonson. 

DIGNIFIED, dlg'-ne-flde. 282. a. Invested with j 
some dignity. Ayliffe. 

DIGNIFICATION, dlg-ne-fe-ka'-sh&n. n.s. Exal- 
tation. Walton. 

To DFGNIFYS, dlg'-ne-fl. 183. t;. a. [dignus and 
facio, Lat.] To advance ; to prefer ; to exalt. To 
honour ; to adorn ; to gi\ e lustre to. Shakspeare. 

DIGNITARY, dlg'-ne-ta-re. n. s. A clergyman ad- 
vanced to some rank above that of a parochial 
priest, Sivi/t. 

DIGNITY, dlg'-ne-te. n.s. Rank of elevation. Hook- 
er. Grandeur of mien ; elevation of aspect. Cla- 
i-issa. Advancement ; preferment. SMk. [Among 
ecclesiasticks.] That promotion or preferment to 
which any jurisdiction is annexed. Ayliffe. Max- 
ims ; general principles. Brown. 

DIGNOTION, djg-no/-shun. n.s. [dignosco, Lat.] 
Distinction ; distinguishing mark. Brown. 

To DIGRE'SS §. de-gres'. 124. v. n. [digressus, Lat.] 
To turn aside out of the road. To depart from the 
main design of a discourse, or argument. Milton. 
To wander; to expatiate. Brereivood. To trans- 
gress ; to deviate. Shakspeare. 

DIGRESSION, de-gresh'-un. n. s. A passage devi- 
ating from the main design of a discourse. Sidney. 
Deviation. Brown. 

DIGRE'SSIONAL*, de-grcsh'-un-al. a. Deviating 
from the main purpose. Warton. 

DIGRESSIVE*, de-gres'-s?v. a. Expatiating. John- 
son. 

DIGRE'SSIVELY*, de-greV-slv-le. ad. In the way 
of digression. 

To DIJU'DICATE§*, dl-ja'-de-kate. v.a. [dijudico, 
Lat.] To determine by censure. Hales. 

DIJUDICATION, dl-ju-de-ka'-shun. 125. n.s. Ju- 
dicial distinction. Cockeram. 

DIKE §, dike. n. s. [bic, Sax.] A channel to receive 
water. Dryden. A mound to hinder inundations. 
Cowley. 

To DIKE*, dike. v. n. To work with a spade. Gower. 

To DILA'CERATE§, de-las'-se-rate. 124, v.a. \di- 
lacero, Lat.] To tear ; to rend ; to force in two. 
Brown. 

DILACERATION, de-las-se-ra'-shun. n. s. The act 
of rending in two. Pearson. 

To DILA'NIATE§, de-la'-ne-ate. 124. v. a. [dilanio, 
Lat.] To tear ; to rend in pieces. Howell. 

DILANIATION* de-la-ne-a'-shfin. n.s. A tearing 
in pieces. Bullokar. 

To DILAPIDATE §, de-lap'-e-date. v. n. [dilapido, 
Lat J To go to ruin ; to fall by decay. Johnson. 

To DILA'FIDATE*, de-lap'-e-date. v.a. To make 
desert; to consume wastefullv. H. Wharton. 

DILAPIDATION, de-lap-e-da'-shun. 124. n.s. The 
incumbent's suffering any edifices of his ecclesiasti- 
cal living to go to ruin or decay. Ayliffe. Ruin 
or decay in general t *06odman. 

DILA'PIDATOR*, de-lap'-e-da-tur. n.s. One who 
occasions dilapidation. H. Wharton. 

DILATABI'LITY, d6-la-ta-bll'-e-te. n. s. The quali 
ty of admitting extension. Ray. 

DILATABLE, de-la'-ta-bl. 405. a. Capable of ex- 
tension. Arbuthnot. 
DILATATION, dll-la-ta'-sh&n. 530. n.s. The act 
of extending into greater space. Holder. The state 
of being extended. Bacon. 
To DILATE $, de-Ike'. 124. v. a. [dilato, Lat.] To 
extend; to spread out; to enlarge. Spenser. To re- 
late at large ; to tell diffusely and copiously . Spenser. 
To DILATE, de-late'. v. n. To widen; to grow wide. 
Sandys. To speak largely and copiously. Walsall. 
DILATE*, de-late'. a. Extensive. B. Jonson. 
DILATER*, de-la'-tfir. 166. n. s. One who enlarges 

or extends. Sltetton. 
DILATION*, de-la'-sh&n. n. s. Delay. Bp. Hall. 
DILATOR, de-la'-t&r. n. s. That which widens or 

extends. Arbuthnot. 
DFLATORILY*, dil'-a-t&r-e-le. ad. In a sluggish or 
procrastinating manner. Johnson. 



DI'LATORINESS, dil'-la-tur-e-nes. n. s. Slowness, 
sluggishness. Moral State of England. 

Dl'LATORY§,dll'-a-tur-e. 512. [SeeDoxMESTicK.] 
a. [dilatorius, Lat.] Tardy ; slow ; given to procras- 
tination. Hayward. 

DILE'CTION, de-lek'-shfin. 124. n.s. [dilectio,hai.] 
The act of loving ; kindness. Martin. 

DILEMMA, dl-lem'-ma. 119. n.s. [toXtf/i/ia.] An ar- 
gument equally conclusive by contrary suppositions 
Bacon. A difficult or doubtful choice ; a vexatious 
alternative. Fuller. 

DILETTANTE*, dll-gt-uW-te. n.s. [plur. dilet 
tanli, Ital.J One who delights in cultivating or pro- 
moting science. Burke. 

DI'LIGENCE, du'-e-jense. n.s. Industry ; assiduity 
in business. 2 Tim. 

DILIGENT §, dll'-e-jent. a. [diligens, Lat.] Con- 
stant in application; assiduous; not idle. Proverbs. 
Constantly applied ; assiduous. Deuteronomy. 

DI'LIGENTLY, dll'-e-jent-le. ad. With assiduity ; 
with heed and perseverance ; not carelessly. Ba- 
con. 

DILL, dll. n. s. [bile, Sax.] An herb. Mortimer. 

DILU'CID§, de-lu'-sld. 124. a. [dilucidus, Lat.] 
Clear ; not opaque. Clear ; plain ; not obscure. 

To DILU'CIDATE, de-lu'-se-date. v. a. To make 
clear or plain ; to explain. Brown. 

DILUCIDATION, de-lu-se-da'-shun. n. s. The act 
of making clear. 

DILU'CIDLY*, de-lu'-sld-le. ad. Clearly ; evidently 
Bailey. 

DI'LUENT§, dll'-lu-ent. a. [diluens, Lat.~] Having 
the power to thin and attenuate other matter. 

DI'LUENT, dil'-lu-ent. n. s. That which thins other 
matter. Arbuthnot. 

To DILUTE §, de-lute'. 124. v. a. [diluo, Lat.] To 
make thin ; to attenuate by the admixture of other 

f>arts. Locke. To make weak. Newton. 
LUTE, de-lute', a. Thin ; attenuated ; figurative- 
ly, poor. More. 
DILU'TER, de-lu'-tfir. n. s. That which makes any 

thing else thin. Arbuthnot. 
DILUTION, de-lu'-shfin. n.s. Making any thing 

thin or weak. Arbuthnot. 
DILU'VIAN, de-lu'-ve-an. 124. a. Relating to the 

deluge. Burnet. 
roDILU'VIATE*,de-lu'-ve-ate. v.?i. [diluvio, Lat.] 

To run as a flood. Sir E. Sandys. 
DIM $, dim. a. [bim, Sax.] Not having a quick sight ; 

not seeing clearly. Dames. Dull of apprehension. 

Rogers. Not clearly seen ; obscure. Locke. Not 

luminous; somewhat dark. Spenser. 
To DIM, dim. v. a. To cloud ; to darken. Spenser. 

To make less bright; to obscure. Spenser. 
DIM-SIGHTED*, dlm'-sl'-teUa. Having weak eyes. 

Bp. Taylor. 
DI'MBLE*, dlm'-bl. n. s. A bower; a retreat; a cell.' 

B. Jonson; 
DIME'NSION §, de-men'-shfin. 124. n. s. [dimensio, 

Lat.] Space contained in any thjng; bulk ; extent ; 

capacity. Shakspeare. 
DIME'NSIONLESS, de-men'-shun-les. a. Without 

any definite bulk. Milton. 
DIME'NSITY*, de-men'-se-te. n. s. Extent ; capa- 
city. Howell. 
DIME'NSIVE, de-men'-s?v. a. That which marks 

the boundaries or outlines. Davies. 
DI'METER*, dlm'-e-t&r. [See Trigonal.] a. [Lat.] 

Having two poetical measures. Txjrwhitt. 



DIMICATION, dim-e-ka'-shun, 

Lat.] A battle ; contest. Diet. 
To DlMl'DIATES*, de-mld'-de-ate 



Lat.] To divide into two parts. Cockeram 
ID 



. [dimicatiOf 

a. [dimidiOf 

Halving ; 



DIMIDIATION, de-mid-de-a'-shun 
division into two equal parts. Diet. 

ToDIMFNISH$,de-min'-lsh. 124. v.a. {dimimw, 
Lat.] To make less. Locke. To impair ; to lessen y 
to degrade. Milton. To take any thing from that 
to which it belongs. Hayward. 

ftj" What has been observed of the e ending a syllable 
before the accent, is applicable to the i .- they are both 
exactly the same sound.— See Despatch. W. 



DIN 



DIP 



-116, move, nor, n6t;— li'ibe, tab, hull;— oil;— pound ;—//iin, THis. 



To DIMINISH, de-min'-ish. 124. v.n. To grow 

less ; to be impaired, Drydm. 
D1M1N1SHINGLY, d£-mhi'-ish-Ing-le. ad. In a 

■Mutter tending lo vilifv, or lessen. Locke. 
DIMI'NUENT*, de-mlu'-nOrent. a. Lessening. Bp. 

Sanderson. 
Dl MINUTE*, dim'-e-nute. a. Small; diminutive. 

Sir A. Gorges. 
Dl MINUTELY*, dim'-e-nute-le. ad. In a maimer 

which lessens. Bp. Sanderson. 
DIMINU'TION, dim-me-nu/-shun. n.s. The act of 

making less. Hooker. The state of growing less. 

-\'tu/o>i. Discredit ; loss of dignity ; degradation. 

Phillips. Deprivation of dignity. K. Cluirles. [In 

architecture.] The contraction of the diameter of 

a column, as it ascends. 
DIMINUTIVE, de-mln'-nu-tiv. a. Small; little. 

Shakspeare. 
DIMINUTIVE, de-min'-nu-tiv. n.s. A word form- 
ed to express littleness ; as, manikin, a little man. 

Bacon. A small thing : a sense not in use. Sliak. 

That which diminishes. Burton. 
DIMINUTIVELY, de-min'-nu-tiv-le. ad,. In a di- 
minutive manner. 
DIM1NUTIVENESS, de-mm'-nu-tiv-nes. n. s. 

S.nallness ; littleness. Student. 
Dl MISH, dim'-ish. a. Somewhat dim. Swift. 
D1MLSSION*, de-mish'-un. n. s. [dimisslo, Lat.] 

Leave to depart. Huloet. 
DIMISSORY, dlm'-fs-sur-re. a. That by which a 

man is dismissed to another jurisdiction. Ayliffe. 

Granting leave to depart. Bp. Prideaux. 

§CF" I have followed Dr. Johnson's accentuation of this 
word, as more agreeable to analogy than Mr. Sheridan's. 
See Rhyming Dictionary, under this word. W. 

To DIMITY, de-mit'. v. a. [dimiUo, Lat.] To allow 

to go; also, to grant to farm. Huloet. 
DIMITY, dim'-e-te. n. s. A fine kind of fustian, or 

cloth of cotton. Wiseman. 
DIMLY, dim'-le. ad. Not with a quick sight, or clear 

perception. Milton. Not brightly ; not luminously. 

Bottle. 
Dl M'MING*, dim'-ming. n. s. Obscurity. Shak. 
DIMNESS, dfm'-nes. n.s. Dulness of sight. Bp. 

Patrick. Want of apprehension. Decay of Piety. 
DI'MPLE $, dim' -pi. 405. n. s. [dintlc, a little hole ; 

by a careless pronunciation, dimple.'] A small cavi 

tv or depression in the cheek, chin, or other part. 

Grew. 

To DI'MPLE, dim'-pl. v. n. To sink in small cavi- 
ties. Drvden. 
DIMPLED, dhn'-pld. 405. a. Set with dimples. Shak 
Dl MPLY, dlm'-ple. a. Full of dimples. Thomson. 
DIN §, din. n. s. [byn, SaxJ A loud noise ; a vio- 
lent and continued sound. Spenser. 
To DIN, din. b. a. To stun with noise. Otway. To 

impress with violent and continued noise. Swift. 
To DINES, dine. v. n. [diner, Fr.] To eat the chief 

meal about the middle of the day. Shakspeare. 
To DINE, dine. v. a. To give a dinner to. Dn/den. 
DINE'TICAL, de-neV-e-kal. 124. a. [SivrjriKos.] 

Whirling round ; vertiginous. Brown. 
To DING'S, ding. v. a. pret. and part, dinged and 

dung, [dingam, Gael.] To dash with violence. 

Marston. To impress with force. 
To DING, ding. v. n. To bluster; to" bounce ; to huff". 

A low word. Arbuthnot. 
DING DONG, ding-dong 7 , n.s. A word by which 

the sound of bells is imitated. Shakspeare. 
Dl'NGLE, ding'-gl. 405. n. s. [ben, or bin, Sax.] A 

hollow between hills; a dale. Drayton. 
DINGLE-DANGLE*, ding'-gl-dang'-gl. Any thing 

carelessly pendent. XVarton. 
DFNGINESS*, din'-je-nes. n. s. The quality 

bein? dingy or brownish. 
DINGY S*, din'-ie. a. [buni£, Sax.] Dark brown; 

dun ; dirty. Ellis. 
DINING-ROOM, dl'-ning-room. n.s. The room 

where entertainments are made. Bp. Taylor. 
DINNER, dhV-nar. 98. n. s. The chief meal ; the 

m^.il «?nten about the middle of the dav. Shak. 
37 



«| 



a. [dioptra, Lat.] 
Affording a me- 
dium for the 
sight; assisting 



DINNER-TIME, din'-nur-tlme. n. s. The time of 

dining. Shakspeare. 
DINTS, dint. n.s. [from ding, to strike.] A blow; 
a stroke. Spenser. The mark made by a blow ; 
the cavity remaining after a violent pressure. Dry- 
den. Violence; force; power. Shakspeare. 
To DINT, dint. v. a. To mark with a cavity by a 

blow. Spejiser. 
DINUMERA'TION, dl-uu-mer-a'-shun. 125. n. s. 
[dinumeratio, Lat.] The act of numbering out sin- 
glv. Bullokar. 
DiO'CESAN, dl-6s'-sc-san.HG. [di-os'-se-san, Sheri- 
dan, Pemj, and Jones: dl-6-se'-san, Bailey and Ash.] 
n. s. A bishop as he stands related to his own cler- 
gy or flock. South. 
DIOCESAN*, dl-6s'-se-san. a. Pertaining to a dio- 

cess. 
DI'OCESS S, or DFOCESE, dl'-o-ses. n.s. [dicecesis, 
Lat.] The circuit of every bishop's jurisdiction. 
Whitgift. A district or division of a country, gen- 
erally speaking. L. Addison. 
DIO'PTICAL*, di-6p'-te-kal. 
DIO'PTICK* dl-dp'-tik. 
DIO'PTRICAL S, di-dp'-tre-kal 
DIO'PTRICKS, dUp'-trik. 116. 

the sight in the view of distant objects. Boyle. 
DIO'PTRICKS, dl-6p'-tiiks. 509. n. s. A part of 
opticks, treating of the different refractions of the 
light passing through different mediums, as, the air, 
water, glasses, &c. Harris. 
DFORISM §*, dl'-o-rizm. n. s. [Sidpdapa.] Distinction, 

or definition. More. 
DIORFSTICALLY*, dl-d-rls'-te-kal-le. ad. In a dis- 
tinguishing manner. More. 
DIORTHO'SIS, dl-flr-*/i6'-sfe. 520. n. s. [tiopQwo-is.] 
A chirurgical operation, by which crooked or dis- 
torted members are restored to their primitive shape. 
Han-is. 
To DIP S, dip. t>. a. pret. dipped ; particip. dipped, 
or dipt, [bippan, Sax.] To immerge ; to put into 
any liquor. Ayliffe. To moisten ; to wet. Milton. 
To be engaged in any affair. Dry den. To engage 
as a pledge : generally used for the first mortgage. 
Dnjden. 
To DIP, dip. i\ n. To sink ; to immerge. L' Estrange. 
To enter ; to pierce. Granville. To enter slightly 
into any thing. Pope. To take that which comes 
first ; to choose by chance. Dryden. 
DIP*, dip. ?i. s. Depression ; the sinking or falling in 
of a surface. Pennant. The act of taking that 
which comes first. 
DIPCHFCK, dip'-tshik. n. s. The name of a bird. 

Careiv. 
DIPE TALOUS, dl-peV-a-lus. 119. a. [Sts and irira- 

\ov.~] Having two flower-leaves. 
DIPHTHONG, dip'-tfiong. 413. n. s. [iiQSovyos.] A 
coalition of two vowels to form one sound; as, vain, 
leaf, Ccesar. Holder. 
DI'PLOE, dip'-lo. n. s. The inner plate or lamina of 

the skull. 
DIPLO'MAS, de-pli'-ma. 124. n. s. [StoMpa.] A let- 
ter or writing conferring some privilege. Humph. 
Wanley. 
DIPLO'MACY* de-pl6'-ma-se. n.s. A privileged 

state. Burke. A body of envoys. Burke. 
DIPLOMA'TED*, dip-lo-ma'-ufd. part. a. Made by 

dipioma. Bp. Kennct. 
DIPLOMA'TICK*, dip-lo-mat'-ik. a. Relating to 
the art of deciphering all old written characters and 
abbreviations. Astle. Respecting envoys and am- 
bassadours. Burke. 
DI'PPER, dip'-pur. 98. n. s. One that, dips in the 

water. Whitlock. 
DFPPING Needle, dip'-ping-nee-dl. n.s. An in- 
strument which shows the inclination of the mag- 
net. 
DI'PSAS, dip'-sas. n. s. [Lat.] A serpent whose bite 

produces unquenchable thirst. Milton. 
DI'PTOTE, dip'-tote. n. s. [Sinrura.] A noun con- 
sisting of two cases only. Clark. 
DFPTYCH, dip'-tik. n. s. [diptycha, Lat.] A register 
of bishops and martyrs. Bp. Lloyd. 
289 



DIR 



DIS 



0» 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel j— pine, p?n ;- 



DIRE §, dire. a. [fa, Lat.] Dreadful ; dismal ; 
mournful ; horrible ; terrible. Shakspeare. 

DIRECT $, de-rgkt'. 124. a. [rfimrft«, Lat.] Straight, 
not crooked. Not oblique. Bentley. [In astrono- 
my.] Appearing to an eye on earth to move pro- 
gressively through the zodiack ; not retrograde. 
Dry den. Not collateral. Apparently tending to 
some end, as in a straight line. Sidney. Open ; not 
ambiguous. Bacon, Plain ; express. Locke. 

To DIRECTS, de-rgkf. 117. v. a. To aim or drive 
in a straight line. Pope. To point against as a mark. 
Dryden. To regulate ; to adjust. Ecclus. To pre- 
scribe certain measure. Job. To order; to command. 

DIRECTER, de-rgk'-tfir. n. s. One that directs ; one 
that prescribes. Sherwood. An instrument that 
serves to guide anv manual operation. 

DIRECTION, de-feV-shun. n. s. Aim at a certain 
point. Locke. Tendency of motion impressed by a 
certain impulse. Cheijne. Order ; command ; pre- 
scription. Hooker. Regularity ; adjustment. Pom. 

DIRECTIVE, de-rek'-uV. a. Having the power of 
direction. Hooker. Informing ; showing the way. 
Thomson. 

DIRECTLY. de-rektMc. ad. In a straight line ; rec- 
tilinearly. Dryden. Immediately ; apparently ; 
without circumlocution. Hooker. 

#£jr In this word we have an instance of a different pro- 
nunciation in the craphatical and colloquial use of it. 
If we wish to be very distinct or forceful, we frequent- 
ly pronounce the i long, as in dial ; but in common 
conversation we give this letter the sound of c, accord- 
ing to analogy. 117, 124. W. 

DIRECTNESS, de-rekt'-nes. n. s. Straightness ; 

tendency to any point. Bentley. 
DIRECTOR, de-rek'-tur. 166. n. s. One that has 
authority over others; a superintendent. Sidney. 
A. rule; an ordinance. Swift. An instruoteV. 
Hooker. One who is consulted in cases of con- 
science. Dryden. One appointed to transact the 
affairs of a trading company. Pom. An instru^ 
ment in surgery, by which the hand is guided in its 
operation. Sharp. 
DIRECTORIAL*, de-rek-to'-re-al. a. Giving di- 
rection. Guthrie. Respecting a government of 
France, called the directory. Burke. 
DIRECTORY, de-rek'-tflr-e. 512. n. s. The book 
published in the grand rebellion for the direction 
of certain acts of worship. Bp. Taylor. 
DIRECTORY*, de-rek-tur-e. n. s. A direction ; a 

guide. Whitlock. 
DIRECTORY*, de-rek'-tur-e. n. s. The name of 
the democratick French government in modern 
times. Burke. 
DIRECTORY*. de-rek'-tur-e. a. Guiding. Grego- 
ry. Commanding. Blackstone. 
DIRECTRESS*, de-reV-tres.n.s. She who directs 

or governs. Scott. 
DIRECTRIX*, de-rek'-trlks. n. s. She who man- 
ages or directs. Bp. Taylor. 
DFREFUL, dW-ful. a. Dire; dreadful; dismal. 

Spenser. 
DFREFULNESS*, dlre'-ftil-nfts. n.s. Dreadfulness : 

horrour. Dr. Warton. 
DIRE'MPTXON*, dl-rem'-shun. n.s. [diremptw, 

Lat.] Separation. Bp. Hall. 
DFRENESS, dW-ne's. n.s. Dismalness; horrour. 

Shakspeare. 
DIRECTION, dl-rep'-shun. 125. n.s. [direptio, 

Lat.] The act of plundering. 
DIRGE, durje. n. s. [dyrke, Teut.] A mournful dit- 
ty ; a song of lamentation. Shakspeare. 
DFRIGENT, dV-e-jent. a. [dirigens, Lat.] The 
dirigent line in geometry, is that along which the 
line describent is carried in the generation of any 
fisfure. Harris. 
DIR.K §, durk. n. s. A kind of dagger used in the 

Highlands of Scotland. Tickel. 
DIRKE*, dfirk. a. An old word for dark. Spenser. 
To DIRKE, durk. v. a. To darken; to obscure. 

Sp' nser. 
DIRT§, durt. 108. n.s. [Goth.] Excrement. Judges. 
Mud; filth; mire. Denham. Meanness ; sordidness. 



To DIRT, dArt. v. a. To foul ; to bemire. Swift. 

DIRT-PIE, d&rt-pK n. s. Forms moulded by chil- 
dren of clay, in imitation of pastry. Suckling. 

DIRTILY, durt'-e-le. ad. Nastily; foully; filthily. 
Ld. Chesterfield. Meanly; sordidly; shamefully. 
Donne. 

DFRTINESS, durt'-e-ngs. n.s. Nastiness; mean- 
ness ; sordidness. 

DFRTY, durt'-e. a. Foul ; nasty ; filthy. Shakspeare. 
Sullied; clouded; not elegant. Locke. Mean; 
base; despicable. Bp. Taylor. 

To DFRTY, dfirt'-e. v. a. To foul ; to soil. Arbuth- 
not. To disgrace ; to scandalize. 

DIRUTTIONS, di-rup'-shun. 125. n. s. [diruptio, 
Lat.] Bursting or breaking. 

DIS, dis, or diz. 425, 435. An inseparable particle, 
implying commonly a private or negative signifi- 
cation : as, to arm, to disarm ; to join, to disjoin. 

£tCr When the accent, either primary' or secondary, is on 
this inseparable preposition, the a is always sharp and 
hissing, 41 ; but when the accent is on the second syl- 
lable, the s will be either hissing or buzzing, according 
to the nature of the consecutive letter. That is, if a 
sharp mute, as, p, t, &c. succeed, the preceding 5 must 
be pronounced sharp and hissing, as dispose, distaste, 
&c. ; but if a flat mute, as b, d, (Sec, or a vowel or a liquid 
begin the next syllable, the foregoing s must be sound 
ed like z, as disburse, disdain, &c. ; but if the secondary 
accent be on this inseparable preposition, 523, as in dis- 
belief, &c, the s retains its pure hissing sound. Dis- 
mal, which seems to be an objection to the first part of 
this rule, is in reality a confirmation of it ; for the first 
syllable in this word is not a preposition, but a con- 
traction'of the Latin word dies ; and dismal is evident- 
ly derived from dies malus. For want of this clue, Mr. 
Sheridan has given the 5 pure to disgrace, disguise, 
&.c. W. 

DISABILITY, dis4-b?l'-e-te. 454. n.s. Want of 
power; weakness. Hooker. Want of qualifica- 
tions for any purpose ; legal impediment. Ayliffe. 

To DISABLES, diz-a'-bl. 454. v. a. [dis and able.) 
To deprive of force ; to weaken. Davies. To hin- 
der from action. Temple. To impair ; to diminish. 
SJiak. To deprive of usefulness. Shak. To ex- 
clude as wanting proper qualifications. Wotton. 

DISABLEMENT*, diz-a'-bl-ment. n.s. Legal im- 
pediment. Bacon. Weakness. South. 

To DISABU'SE.dls-a-biW. v. a. {desahuser, old Fr.] 
To set free from a mistake ; to set right. Hammond. 

To^ DISACCO'MMODATES*. dis-ak-k6m'-m6- 
date. v. a. [desaccommoder, old Fr.] To put to in- 
convenience. Warburton. 

DISACCOMMODA'TION, dls-ak-kom-nMS-da'- 
shfin. n. s. The state of being unfit or unprepared. 
Hale. 

To DISACCORD*, drs-ak-kdrd'. v. n. [desaccorder , 
old Fr.] To refuse consent. Spenser. 

To DISACCUSTOM, dis-ak-kus'-tum. v. a. \dis 
and accustom.] To destroy the force of habit. 

To DISACKNO'WLEDGE, dls-ak-n6lM6dje. v. a. 
Not to acknowledge. South. 

To DISACQUA'INTS*, dls-ak-kwant'. v. a. [desac- 
cointer, old Fr.] To break or dissolve acquaint- 
ance. Cotgrave. 

DIS ACQUAINTANCE, dls-ak-kwan'-tanse. n. s. 

Disuse of familiarity. South. 
To DISADO / RN*,dis-ad-d6rn / . v.a. [dis and adorn.] 

To deprive of ornament. Congreve. 
To DISADVANCES*, dfs-ad-vanse'. v. a. [desavan- 

cer, old Fr.] To stop ; to check. Spenser. 
To DISADVA'NCE*, dis-ad-vanse'. v.n. To keep 
back ; to halt. G. Fletcher. 

DISADVANTAGE $, dls-ad-van'-taje. 90. n. s. [des- 
avantage, old Fr.] Loss; injury to'interest. South 
Diminution of any thing desirable. Dryden. A 
state not prepared for defence. Spenser. 
To DISADVANTAGE, dls-ad-van'-taje, v a. To 
injure in interest of any kind. Decay of' Piety. 

DIS ADVANTAGE ABLE, dls-ad-viin'-ta-ja bl 

405. a. Contrary to profit. Bacon. Ob. J. 
DISADVANTAGEOUS, dls-ad-van-ta'-jus. a. Con- 
trary to interest; contrary to convenience; unfa- 
vourable. Addison. 
DISADVANTA'GEOUSLY, d?s-ad-van-ta -j&s-ife 
290 



■n 



DIS 



DIS 



— no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— tfiin, this. 



3t/. In a manner contrary to interest or profit. 
Government of the Tongue. 

DISADVANTA'GEOUSNESS, dis-ad-van-ta'-jus- 
ne"s. n.s. Contrariety to profit; mischief; loss. 
Titers. 

D1SADVE NTURE S*, dis-ad-veV-tshiire. n.s. [des- 
adventit.-e. old Fr.] Misfortune. RateigH. 

DIS? AD VE'NTUROUS, dis-ad-ven'-tsluWus. ft. Un- 
happy; unprosperous. Spenser. 

ToDISAFFECTS, dis-af-fekt'. v.a. To fill with 
discontent. Clarendon. To diulike; to disdain. 
Bp. Ho.ll. To disorder. Hammond. 

DISAFFECTED, dis-af-fek'-ted. part. a. Not dis- 
posed to zeal or affection. Stillingfleet. 

DIS AFFECTEDLY, dfc-af-feV-teVHe. ad. After a 
disafl'ected manner. 

DISAFFECTEDNESS, dSs-af-fek'-ted-nes. n. s. 
The quality of being- disaffected. 

DISAFFECTION, d?s-af-fek'-shun. n.s. Dislike; 
ill-will. Bp. Taylor. Want of zeal for the govern- 
ment. Swift. Disorder ; bad constitution. Wise- 
man. 

DIS AFFECTION ATE*, d?s-af-fek'-shun-ate. a. 
[dis and affectionate.] Not disposed to affection or 
zeal. Blount. 

To DISAFFIRMS*, dis-af-ferm'. v.a. [dis and af- 
firm.] To contradict. Dairies. 
.DISAFFIRMANCE, dis-af-feV-manse. n.s. Con- 
futation; negation. Hale. 

To DISAFFO'REST, dls-af-for'-rest. v. a. [dis and 
forest.] To throw open to common purposes ; to 
reduce a forest to common ground. Bacon. 

To DISAGREE', dfs-a-gree'. v. n. [dis and agree.] 
To differ; not to be the same. Locke. To differ in 
opinion. Dryden. To be in a state of opposition. 
Brown. 

DISAGREE' ABLE, dis-a-gr&'-a-bl. a. Contrary; 
unsuitable. Broome. Unpleasing; offensive. Locke. 

DISAGREE ABLENESS, dls-a-gree'-a-bl-nes. n, s. 
Unsuitableness ; contrariety. Unpleasantness; of- 
fensiveness. South. 

DIS AGREE 7 ABLY* dis-a-gree'-a-ble. ad. Unsuita- 
bly. Unpleasantly. Bp. Berkeley. 

DISAGREEMENT, dls-a-gree'-ment. n. s. Differ- 
ence; dissimilitude. Woodward. Difference of 
opinion. Hooker. 

yoDISALLFEGE*, dfs-al-leej'. v.a. [dis and liege.] 
To alienate from allegiance. Milton. 

To DISALLOW, dls-al-lou'. v. a. [dis and allow.] 
To deny authority to any. Dryden. To consider 
as unlawful ; not to permit. Hooker. To censure 
by some posterior act. Swift. To censure ; not 
to justify. 

To DISALLO'W, dls-al-lSu'. v. n. To refuse per- 
mission ; not to grant. Hooker. 

DISALLO'WABLE, dls-al-lSu'-a-bl. a. Not allow- 
able ; not to be suffered. Raleigh. 

DISALLO'W ANCE, dis-al-lou'-anse. n. s. Prohibi- 
tion. Bp. Hall. 

To DISALLY'*, dls-al-U'. v. a. To make an im- 

roper alliance. Milton. 
fo DISA'NCHOR, dlz-angk'-kfir. 454. v. a. [des- 
ancrer, old Fr.l To drive a ship from its anchor. 

DISANGE'LICAL*, dls-an-j&'-e-kal. a. [dis and 
angelical.] Not angelical. Coventry. 

To DISANIMATES, d?z-an'-e-mate. 454,91. v.a. 
[desanimer, old Fr.] To deprive of life. To dis- 
courage ; to deject. Shakspeare. . 

DISANIMATION, dlz-an-e-ma'-shfln. n. s. Priva- 
tion of life. Brown. 

To DISANNULS, dfs-an-nul'. v.a. A barbarous 
word for to annul. Hooker. 

DISANNU'LLER*, dls-an-nul'-l&r. .it. s. One who 
makes null. Beaumont and Fletclwr. 

DISANNULLING*, dls-an-nul'-lfng. ri. s. The act 
of making void. Heb. 

To DISANO'INT*, d?s-an-n6?nt'. v.a. [dis and 
anoint.] To invalidate consecration by unction. 
Milton. 
To DISAPPA'REL*, dis-ap-par'-rel. v. a. [desapa- 

reiiler, old Fr.] To disrobe. Junius. 
To DISAPPEARS, dis-ap-pere'. v. n. [disparoitre, 



To\ 



Fr.] To be lost to view ; to vanish out of sight ; to 
fly ; to go away. Milton. 

DISAPPEARANCE*, dis-ap-pere'-anse. n. s. An 
end of appearance. Addison. 

DISAPPEARING*, d'is-ap-pere'-ing. n.s. Cessa- 
tion of appearance. Coventry. 

To DISAPPO 1NTS, dls-ap-pfl'ful'. v.a. [desa^oint- 
<■/•, old Fr.] To defeat of expectation; to balk. 
m. To " 



deprive or bereave of any thing'. 



Ti/lotsor 

Shakspeare. 
DISAPPOINTMENT, dis-ap-pornt'-ment. n.s. De 

feat of hopes ; miscarriage of expectations. Add* 

son. 
DISAPPROBATION, d'is-ap-prd-ba'-sh&n. n.s. 

Censure; condemnation. Pope. 
DISAPPROVAL*, d?s-ap-pr66'-val. n.s. Disap- 
probation. 
To DISAPPROVE S, d5s-ap-pr6ov'. v.a. [desap- 

prover, Fr.] To dislike ; to censure. Prior. To 

reject as disliked. Swift. 
Dl'SARD, diz'-ard. n. s. [byri, byfi£, Sax.] A 

prattler ; a boasting talker. Hoinilies. 
To DISA'RMS, dfz-arm'. 454. v. a. [desarmer, Fr.] 

To spoil or divest of arms. Clarendon. 
DISA'RMER*, diz-ar'-mur. n. s. One who deprives 

of arms. Hammond. 
DISARMING*, dk-ar'-mfng. n. s. Deprivation of 

arms. Hammond. 
To DISARRANGES* dls-ar-ranje'. v.a. [desar- 

ranger, old Fr.] To unsettle. Warton. 
DISARRANGEMENT*, d'is-ar-raiyV-ment. n. s. 

Disorder ; confusion. A. Baxter. 
To DISARRA'YS, dfs-ar-ra'.u.w. [desarroyer, old 

Fr.] To undress any one. Spenser. To discomfit ; 

to rout ; to overthrow. Milton. 
DISARRA'Y, difs-ar-ra'. n. s. Disorder ; confusion. 

Hayicard. Undress. Spenser. 
DISASSIDU'lTY, dls-as-se-diV-e-te. n. s. Absence 

of care or attention. Wotton. 
To DISASSOCIATE*, d?s-as-s6'-she-ate. v.a. 

[desassocier, old Fr.] To disunite. Fbrio. 
DISASTERS, dlz-as'-tCir. 454. n.s. [desaslre, Fr.] 

The blast or stroke of an unfavourable planet. 

Sliakspeare. Misfortune; grief; mishap; misery; 

calamity. Pope. 
To DISASTER, dlz-as'-tftr. v.a. To blast by the 

stroke of an unfavourable star. Sidney. To afflict ; 

to mischief. Shakspeare. 
DISASTROUS, dk-as'-tr&s. a. Unlucky. Hayward. 

Gloomy; threatening misfortune. Milton. Unhap- 
py; calamitous; miserable. Denham. 
DISASTROUSLY, dlz-as'-tras-le. ad. In a dismal 

manner. Howell. 
DISA'STROUSNESS, dlz-as'-lrus-ne^s. n. s. Un- 

luckiness. Diet. 
To DIS AUTHORIZE, dk-aw'-tfio-rlze. 454. v. a. 

[dis and authorize.] To deprive of credit or au- 
thority. Wotton. 
To DISAVO'UCH, d?s-a-vSutsh'. v. a. [dis and 

avouch.] To retract profession ; to disown. Daniel. 
To DISAVOW, dfs-a-v6iV. v. a. [desavoiier, old Fr.] 

To disown ; to deny knowledge of. Spenser. 
DISAVOWAL, dls-a-vSu'-al. n.s. Denial. Rick- 

ardson. 
DISAVO'WMENT, dfs-a-vSfi'-ment. n.s. Denial. 

Wotton. 
To DISBANDS, dfz-band'. 435. v.a. [desbander, old 

Fr.] To dismiss from military service ; to break up 

an army. Knolles. To dismiss from service. 

Woodward. 
To DISBAND, dk-band'. v. n. To retire from mili- 
tary service ; to separate ; to break up. Bacon. To 

be dissolved. Bp. Taylor. 

'To 



Fr.l 

irk m 



To DISBARK, dlz-bark' 
land from a ship. Fairfax. To strip the bark from. 
[dis and bark of a tree.] Evehjn. 

DISBELI'EF, dls-be-leef. 425. n.s. Refusal of 
credit. Tillotson. 

7'oDlSBELFEVES, d?s-be-leev'. v.a. [dis and be- 
lieve.] Not to credit ; not to hold true. Hammond. 

DISBELI'EVER, dls-be-lee'-v&r. n. s. One who re- 
fuses belief. Watts. 

291 



DIS 


DIS 


(IT 559.— File, f ar, fill, fat j— me, met 5 


— pine, p?n ; — 



To DISBE'NCH, dlz-bentsh'. v. a. [dis and bench.] 

To drive from a seat. fShu/cspeare. 
To DISBLA'ME* diz-blame'. v. a, l<lis and blame.] 

To clear from blame. Chaucer. 
DISBO'DIED*, dlz-b6d / -?d. a. Freed from the dogs 

and impediments of the body. Glanville. 
To DISBO'WEL*, dk-bou'-el. v. a. [dis and bowel.] 

To eviscerate ; to deprive of contents. Spenser. 
To DISBRA'NCH, dlz-brantsh'. v. a. [dis and 
branch.] To separate or break off, as a branch 
from a tree. Shakspeare. 
To DISBU'D, dlz-bud'. v. a. [With gardeners.] 
To take away the branches or sprigs newly put 
forth. Diet. 
To DISBURDEN §, dlz-bfir'-dn. v. a. [dis and 
burden.] To ease of a burden ; to unload. Peacham. 
To disencumber, discharge, or clear. Hale. To 
throw off a burden. Sidney. 
To DISBURDEN, dlz-bur'-dn. v. n. To ease the 

mind. Milton. 
To DISBURSE §, dfz-bfirse'. v. a. [debourser, Fr.] 

To spend or lay out money. Spenser. 
DISBURSEMENT, dfz-biW-ment. n. s. Act of 

disbursing - or laying out. Spenser. Sum spent. 
DISBURSER, clJz-bfir'-sur. n.s. One that disburses. 
To DISCA'LCEATE §*, dls-kal'-shMte. v. a. [dis- 

calceo, Lat.] To put off the shoes. Cockeram. 
DISCA'LCEATED, dis-kal'-she-a-ied. 357. a. 

Stripped of shoes. 
DISCALCEA'TION, dls-kal-she-a'-shfin. 357. n. s. 

The pulling off the shoes. Brown. 
To DISCA'NDY, dls-kan'-de. v. n. [dis and candy.] 

To dissolve ; to melt. Shakspeare. 
To DISCARD, dls-kard'. v. a. [dis and card.] To 
ihrow out of the hand such cards as are useless. 
To dismiss from service or employment. Sidney. 
DISCARNATE,d'fs-kar'-nate. 91. a. [dis and caro.] 

Stripped of flesh. Glanville. 
To DISCASE, dis-kase'. v. a. [dis and case.] To 

strip ; to undress. Shakspeare. 
DISCEPTA'TION*,dfe-sep-ta/-shun. n.s. [discep- 

tatio, Lat.] Controversy; disputation. Fox. 
To DISCERN $, dlz-zSm'. 351. v. a. [discerno, Lat.] 
To descry ; to see. Prov. To judge ; to have 
knowledge of by comparison. Sidney. To dis- 
tinguish. Boyle. To make the difference between. 
B. Jonson. 
To DISCERN, dfz-zeYn'. v.n. To make distinction, 
Hai/ivard. To have judicial cognizance. Bacon. 
DISCERNER, dlz-zer'-nfir. 98. n.s. Discoverer; 
he that descries. Shale. Judge ; one that has the 
power of distinguishing. Brown. 
DISCERNIBLE, dlz-zer'-ne-bl. a. Discoverable ; 

f>erceptible. Government of the Tongue. 
SCERNIBLENESS, dlz-zer'-ne-bl-nes. n.s. 

Visibleness. 
DISCERNIBLY, diz-zeV-ne-ble. ad. Perceptibly ; 

apparently. Hammond. 
DISCERNING*, dlz-zer'-ning. n, s. The power of 

distinguishing. Shakspeare. 
DISCERNING, dlz-zeV-nlng, part. a. Judicious; 

knowing. Atterbury. 
DISCERNINGLY, dlz-zer'-nlng-le. ad. Judiciously. 
DISCERNMENT, dfz-zern'-ment. n. s. Judgement ; 

power of distinguishing. Freeholder, 
ToDISCERPS, dls-serp'.n.a. [discerpo, Lat.] To 

tear in pieces ; to break. Diet, To separate ; 

to select. Hurd. 
DISCERPIBLE, dls-serp'-e-bl. a. Separable. Bib- 

lioth. Bibl, Ox. 
DISCERPIBPLJTY*, dis-serp-e-bfl^e-te. n. s. Lia- 

bleness to be separated. Wollaston. 
DISCERPSION. See Discerption, 
DISCERPTIBLE*, dls-serp'-te-bl, a, Frangible; 

separable. Glanville. 
DISCERPTIBPLITY, dfs-serp-te-bll'-e-te. n. s. 

Liableness to, be destroyed by disunion of parts. 
D1SCERPTION, dls-seV-sh&n. n. s. The act of 

pulling to pieces. Bp, Hall. 
DISCESSION*, dls-sesh'-un. n.s. [discessio, Lat.] 

Departure. Bp. Hall. 
To DISCHARGER dfs-tsharje'. v. a. [descliarger, 



Fr.] To disburden; to exonerate. Dry den. To 
unload ; to disembark. Kings. To give vent to 
any thing ; to let fly. Shak. To unload a gun. 
Bacon. To clear a debt by payment. Shak. To 
send away a creditor by payment. Shak. To clear 
a debtor. Milton. To set free from obligation. 
Swift. To clear from an accusation. Hooker. To 
perform; to execute. Dry den. To put away; to 
obliterate. Bacon. To divest of any office or em- 
ployment. To dismiss; to release. Shakspeare. To 
emit. Wiseman. . 
To DISCHARGE, dis-tsharje'. v. n. To dismiss it- 
self; to break up. Bacon. 
DISCHARGE, dis-tsharie'. n.s. Vent; explosion; 
emission. Woodward. Matter vented. Shaty. Dis- 
ruption ; evanescence. Bacon. Dismission from an 
office. Release from an obligation or penalty. Mil- 
Ion. Absolution from a crime. South. Ransom ; 
price of ransom. Milton. Performance; execution. 
VEstrange. An acquittance from a debt. Ex- 
emption; privilege. Eccl. 
DISCHARGER, dls-tshar'-j&r. n.s. He that dis- 
charges in any manner. W. Mountagu. He that 
fires a gun. Brown. 
To DISCHURCH*, dls-tsh&rlsh'. v. a. [dis and 
church.] To deprive of the rank of a church. Bp. 
Hall. 
To DISCFDE*, d?s-slde'. v. a. [discidium, Lat.] 

To divide ; to cut in two. Spenser. 
DISCFNCT, dls-s?nkt'. a. [discinctus, Lat.] Ungird- 

ed; looselv dressed. Diet. 
To DISCFND, dls-smd'. v. a. [discindo, Lat.] To 

divide; to cut in pieces. Boyle. 
DISCFPLE §, dis-sl'-pl. 405. «. *. [discipidus, Lat.] 
A scholar; one that professes to receive instruc- 
tions from another. Hammond. 
To DISCFPLE, dls-si'-pl. v. a. To train ; to bring 

up. Shak. To punish ; to discipline. Spenser. 
DISCFPLELIKE*, dis-sl'-pl-llke. a. Becoming a 

disciple. Milton. 
D1SCFPLESHIP, dls-sl'-pl-shfp. n. s. The state or 

function of a disciple. Bp. Hall. 
DISCIPLINABLE, dV-se-plin-a-bl. a. Capable of 
instruction ; capable of improvement by discipline. 
DISCIPLFNABLENESS, dls'-se-ptfn-a-bl-nes. n.s. 

Capacity of instruction. Hale. 
DI SCIPLINANT*, dls'-se-plln-ant. n. s. One of a 

religious order, so called. Shelton. 
DISCIPLINARIAN, dfs-se-ptfn-a'-re-an. a. Per- 
taining to discipline. Glanville. 
DISCIPLINARIAN, d?s-se-pl?n-a'-r£-an. n. s. One 
who rules or teaches with great strictness. Fuller. 
A follower of the Presbyterian sect, so called from 
their clamour about discipline. Sanderson. 
DISCIPLINARY, dfs'-se-ptfn-a-re. 512. a. Pertain- 
ing to discipline. Bacon. Relating to government. 
Bp. Feme. Relating to a regular course of educa- ' 
tion. Milton. 
DISCIPLINE $, d?s'-se-pl?n. 150. n. s. [discipline), 
Lat.] Education ; instruction. Spenser. Rule of 

fovernment ; order. Hooker. Military regulation. 
jliak. A state of subjection. Rogers. Any thing 
taught ; art ; science. Wilkins. Punishment ; 
chastisement. Addison. External mortification. 
Bp. Taylor. 

To DISCIPLINE, c&V-se-ptfn. v. a. To educate. 
Locke. To regulate. Scott. To punish. Shak. To 
advance by instruction. Milton. 

To DISCLA'IM$, d?s-klame'. v. a. [dis and claim.] 
To disown; to deny any knowledge of; to re- 
nounce. Shakspeare. 

DISCLAIMER, dJs-kla'-mfir. 98. n.s. One that 
disclaims, disowns, or renounces. [In law.] A 
plea containing an express denial or refusal. Cowel. 

To DISCLOSE, dis-kl6ze'. v. a. [dis and close.] To 
uncover. Dryden. To hatch ; to open. Bacon. To 
reveal ; to tell. Ecclus. 

DISCLOSE*, d?s-kl6ze / . n. s. Discovery. Young. 

DISCLOSER, dis-kkV-zfir. n s. One that reveals 
or discovers. 

DISCLOSURE, d?s-kl6'-zhure. 452. n.s. Discov- 
ery. Bacon. Act of revealing any thing secret. Bac. 
292 



DIS 



DIS 



— n6, mdve, nor, n6t; — tube, t6b, bull; — oil; — p6findj — tlun, thjs. 



DISCLU'SION, dis-klu'-zhfin. n. s. [disclusus, Lat.] 

Emission. More. 
To DISCO' AST* d?s-k6st'. r. n. [dis and coast.] 

To wander; to depart from; to quit the coast. 

Borrow. 
DISCOLORATION, d?s-k6l-6-ra'-shun. n. s. [from 

disco/our.] The act of changing the colour. Change 



of colour; stain; dye. More. 
"<> DISCO LOUR $, dis 



To DISCOLOUR §, dls-kul'-lfir. v. a. [descoulourer, 
old Fr.] To change from the natural hue ; to stain. 
Shakspeare. 

DISCOLOURED* d?s-kfilMerd. a. Having various 

colours. Spenser. 
7*0 DISCOMFIT}, dls-kam'-flt. v. a. [desconfire, 
Fr.] To defeat; to conquer; to vanquish. Shak. 

DISCOMFIT, d?s-kum 7 -fh. n.s. Defeat; rout 
overthrow. Shakspeare. 

DISCOMFITURE, d?s-kam'-fft-yure. n. s. Defeat 
Shakspeare. 

DISCO'MFORT $, d?s-kam'-f&rt. 166. n. s. [dicon- 
fort, old Fr.] Uneasiness; sorrow; melancholy. 
Hooker. 
To DISCOMFORT, dis-kam'-f&rt. v. a. To grieve ; 
lo sadden. Sidney. 

DISCOMFORT ABLE., dis-kam'-ffir-ta-bl. a. Mel 
anoholy, and refusing comfort. Shak. Causing 
sadness. Sidney. 

To DISCOMMEND $, dls-kdm-m&id'. v. a. [dis and 
commend. I To blame ; to censure. Hooker. 

DISCOMMENDABLE, dis-kom'-men-da-bl. [See 
Commendable.] a. Blamable; censurable. Sir 
T. Herbert. 

DISCOMMENDABLENESS,dis-kdm'-m&i-da-bl- 
nfe. n. s. Blamableness ; liableness to censure. 
Diet. 

DISCOMMENDATION, dls-kom-men-da'-shun. 
n.s. Blame; reproach. Hakewill. 

DISCOMMENDER, d?s-k6m-men'-dar. n. s. One 
that discommends. 

To DISCO'MMODATE $#, dfs-kSnv'-mo-date. v. a. 
[discommodo, Lat.] To molest. Sir H. Wotton. 

To DISCOMMODE, dis-kam-mode'. v. a. To put 
to inconvenience ; to molest. 

DISCOMMODIOUS, dis-k6m-m6 / -de-fis, or dls- 
kom-mo'-je-us. [See Cojimodious.] a. Incon- 
venient ; troublesome ; unpleasing. Spenser. 

DISCOMMODITY, dls-k6m-m6d'-e-te. n. s. Incon- 
venience ; disadvantage ; hurt ; mischief. Sir T. 
Ehjot. 

To DISCOMMON*, dfe-k&m'-mon. v. a. [dis and 
common.'] To deprive of the right of common. Bp. 
Hail. To deprive of the privileges of a place. 
Warton's Life of Bathurst. 

To DISCOMPLE'XION*, dls-kom-pleV-shan. v. a. 
[dis and complexion.] To change the hue or colour. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ToDISCOMPOSE}, dk-k&m-poze'. v. a. [decom- 
poser, Fr.] To disorder ; to unsettle. Clarendon. 
To ruffle. Swift. To disturb the temper. Dryden. 
To offend ; to fret ; to vex. Svnfi. To displace ; 
to discard. Bacon. 

DECOMPOSITION*, dis-k6m-p6-zlsh / -a n . n. s. 
Inconsistency; disagreement. Donne. 

DISCOMPOSURE, dts-k&m-po'-zhure. n. s. Disor- 
der ; perturbation. Bp. Taylor. Disagreement of J 
parts. Boyle. 

To DISCOMPT*, dls-kSunt'. v. a. [descompter, Fr.] 
To pay back again. Hudibras. See Discount. 

To DISCONCERT, dls-kon-sert'. v. a. [dis and 
concert] To unsettle the mind; 4o discompose. 
Collier. To break a scheme ; to defeat a machina- 
tion. 

DISCONFORMITY, d!s-k&n-f6V-me-te. n.s. [dis 
and conformity.] Want of agreement ; inconsist- 
ency. Hakewul. 

DISCONGRUTTY, dfe-kdn-grA'-i-ti. n. s. [dis 
and congruiiy.] Disagreement; inconsistency. 
Hale. 

To DISCONNECT $*, dfs-k6u-nekt'. v. a. [dis and 
connect.] To break the ties. Burke. 

DISCONNEXION*, dis-k&n-nel'-shfin. n. s. Dis- 
union. Burke. 



To DISCONSENT*, dls-kdn-sent'. v. n. [dis and 
consent.] To disagree; to differ. Milton. 

DISCONSOLANCY*, dis-k6n'-s6-lan-se. n. s. Dis- 
consolateness. Barrow. 

DISCONSOLATE §, dis-kdn'-si-late. 91. a. [des- 
console', Fr.l Void of comfort ; hopeless ; sorrow- 
ful; melancholy. Shakspeare. 

DISCONSOLATELY, dis-k6n'-s6-late-le. ad. In a 
disconsolate manner ; comfortlessly. 

DISCONSOLATENESS, d?s-k6n r -s6-late-nes. n. s. 
The state of being disconsolate. Bp. Hall. 

DISCONSOLATION*, dls-k&n-sa-la'-shun. n. s. 
Want of comfort. Dr. Jackson. 

DISCONTENT}, d?s-k6n-tent'. n.s. [dis and con- 
tent.] Want of content ; uneasiness. Shak. One 
who is discontented. Shakspeare. 

DISCONTENT, d?s-k6n-tent / . a. Uneasy at the 
present state ; dissatisfied. Hayward. 

To DISCONTE'NT, d?s-kon-tent'. v. a. To dissat- 
isfy ; to make uneasy. Shakspeare. 

DISCONTENTED, dfs-kan-teV-t^d. part. a. Un- 
easy ; cheerless. Shakspeare. 

DISCONTENTEDLY*, dls-kon-teV-tgd-le. ad. In 
a discontented humour. Bp. Ricfiardson. 

DISCONTENTEDNESS,dlVk6n-teu'-ted-nes.».s. 
Uneasiness; dissatisfaction. Addison. 

DISCONTENTING*, dfs-k&n-tent'-ing. a. Giving 
no satisfaction ; disgusting. Milton. 

DISCONTENTMENT, dls-kon-tent'-mect. n. *. 
The state of being discontented. Hooker. 

DISCONTINUANCE, dis-kon-tin'-i-anse. ». s. 
Want of cohesion of parts; disruption. Bacon. Ces- 
sation ; intermission. Atterbury. 

DISCONTINUATION, d?s-k&n-t!n-a-i'-shfin. • n. s. 
Disruption of continuity ; breach of union of parts; 
separation. Newton. 

7\> DISCONTINUES, dls-k&n-uV-a. v.n. [dis- 
continuer, Fr.] To lose the cohesion of parts. Bacon. 
To lose an established custom or right. Jer. 

To DISCONTINUE, dfe-kdn-tln'-A. r. a. To leave 
off; to cease any practice or habit. Shak. To 
break off; to interrupt. Holder. 

DISCONTINUER*, dis-kon-tin'-a-ar. n.s. One 
who discontinues a rule or custom. Commun. to 
Abp. Laud. 

DISCONTINUITY, d1s-kdn-t£-nft'-4-te. n. s. Dis- 
unity of parts. Newton. 

DISCONTINUOUS*, d?s-kon-l?n'-iVas. a. Wide ; 
extended ; gaping. Milton. 

DISCONVENIENCE }, dis-k3n-ve'-ne-e'nse. n.s. 
[disconrenience, old Fr.] Incongruity; disagree- 
ment. Bp. Bramhall. 

D1SCONVENIENT*, d?s-k6n-ve y -ne-&t. a. Op- 

f)osite ; incongruous. Bp. Retinoids. 
'SCORD §, d?s'-k6rd. 492. '«. s. [discordia, Lat J 
Disagreement; opposition; mutual anger. Shak. 
Difference, or contrariety of qualities; particularly 
of sounds. Shak. A combination of disagreeing 
sounds. Bacon. 

ToDPSCORD, d?s-k6rd'. 492. t>. n. To disagree, 
Bacon. 

DISCORDANCE, dls-kor'-danse. / n. s. [from dis- 

DISCO'RDANCY, dls-kar'-dan-se. $ cord] Disa- 
greement ; opposition ; inconsistency. Warton. 

DISCORDANT, dis-kdr'-dant. a. Inconsistent; at 
variance with itself. Dryden. Opposite; contra- 
rious. Cheijne. Incongruous. Hale. 

DISCORDANTLY, dls-k6r'-dant-le. ad. Incon- 
sistently. In disagreement with another. Boi/le. 
Peevishly; in a contradictious manner. 

DISCO'RDFUL*, dis-kdrd'-ful. a. Quarrelsome; not 
Deaceable. Spenser. 

To DISCOUNSEL, dls-kSAn'-sel. v. a. [desconseil- 
ler, Fr.] To dissuade ; to give contrary advice. 
Spenser. 

DFSCOUNT^dV-kaant. 313,492. n.s. [dis and 
count.] The sum refunded in a bargain. Sicift. A 
deduction according to the rate of interest, for mo- 
ney advanced beforehand ; an allowance made ois 
a bill, or any other debt, not yet due, in order to 
receive money for the same. 

TV DISCOUNT, dfe-kofini'. v. a. To count back; 



DIS 



DIS 



O* 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fat;— me, met,— pine, p?n ;— 



to pay back again. Dryden. To pay beforehand ; 

deducting- an equivalent for so doing. 
To DISCOUNTENANCE §, d?s-kdun'-te-nanse. 

v. a. [dis and countenance] To discourage by cold 

treatment. Clarendon. To abash 3 to put to shame. 

Milton. 
DISCOUNTENANCE, dls-koiW-te-nanse. n. s. 

Cold treatment; unfavourable aspect. Clarendon. 
DISCOU'NTENANCER, dls-kdun'-te-nan-sfir. 98. 

n. s. One that discourages by cold treatment. Ba- 
con. 
DISCOUNTER*, dis-kSun'-tur. n. s. One who ad- 
vances money upon discount. Burke. 
To DISCOU'RAGE$, dfs-kiV-idje. 314. v. a. [dis 

and courage.] To depress; to deprive of confidence. 

K. diaries. To deter; to fright from any attempt. 

Numbers. 
DISCOURAGE*, dls-kur'-fdje. n. s. Want of 

courage. Sir T. Elyot. 
DISCOURAGER, dfs-kur'-rldje-ur. n. s. One that 

impresses diffidence and terrour. Pope. 
DISCOURAGEMENT, dls-kur'-rldje-ment. 90. 

n. s. The act of deterring or depressing hope. 

Determent. Wilkins. The cause of depression or 

DISCOURSE §, d?s-k6rse'. 318. n.s. [discursus, 
Lat.] The act of the understanding, by which it 
passes from premises to ' consequences. Hooker. 
Conversation; mutual intercourse of language. 
Bacon. Effusion of language ; speech. Locke. A 
treatise ; a dissertation. Locke. 

To DISCOURSE, dfs-korse'. v. n. To converse ; 
to talk ; to relate. Shakspeare. To treat upon in a 
solemn or set manner. Locke. To reason. Davies. 

To DISCOURSE, d?s-k6rse'. v. a. To treat of; to 
talk over ; to discuss. Shale. To utter. Shak. 

DISCOU'RSER, dis-kor'-sfir. n. s: A speaker ; an 
haranguer. Shak. A writer on any subject; a 
dissertator. Brown. 

DISCOURSING*, dls-k6r'-s?ng. n.s. Mutual in- 
tercourse of language. Bp. Taylor. 

DISCOU'RSIVE, dis-kor'-slv. d. Passing by inter- 
mediate steps from premises to consequences. 
Milton. Containing dialogue; interlocutory. Dry- 
den. Conversable. Life of A. Wood. 

DISCOURTEOUS, dls-kur'-tshfis. a. [dis ^cour- 
teous.] Uncivil; uncomplaisant. Beaumont, and 
Fletcher. 

DISCOURTEOUSLY, d?s-kur'-tsh&s-le. ad. Un- 
civilly; rudely. 

DISCOU'RTESY, d?s-kur'-te-se. n. s. [dis and cour- 
tesy.] Incivility ; rudeness. Sidney. 

DISCOU'RTSHIP*, dls-kirl'-shfp. n.s. Want of 
respect. B. Jonson. 

DISCOU'S, dV-k&s. a. [discus, Lat.] Broad; flat; 
wide. Quincy. 

To DISCOYER §, dls-k&v'-fir. v. a. [dis and cover.] 
To show ; to disclose ; to bring to light ; to make 
visible. To expose to view. Sidney. Not to shel- 
ter; to expose. Hosea. To make known; to re- 
veal. Isaiah. To ken; to espy. Acts. To find 
out. Pope. To detect; to find though concealed. 
Milton. To find things or places not known before. 
Sliahpeare. To exhibit to the view. Milton. 

D1SCOYERABLE, dls-kuv'-ur-a-bl. a. That which 
may be found out. Woodward. Apparent; ex- 

{>osed to view. Broiim. 
SCOYERER, dls-kuV-ur-ftr. n. s. One that finds 
any thing not known before. Holder. A scout ; 
one who is put to descry the posture or number of 
an enemy. Shakspeare. 

DISCOYER Y, dls-kfiv'-ftr-e. 555. n.s. The act of 
finding any thing hidden. Dryden. The act of re- 
vealing or disclosing any secret. Sliakspeare. 

DISCREDIT §, d's-kred'-It. n. s. [decrediter, Fr.] 
Ignominy ; reproach ; disgrace. Shakspeare. 

To DISCREDIT, dls-kred'-it. t\ a. To deprive of 
credibility. Shak. To disgrace; to make less repu- 
table. Sliahpeare. To distrust ; not to credit. 

DISCREDITABLE*, dls-kr&l'-it-a-bl. a. Dis- 
graceful ; reproachful. R. Blair. 

DISCREET §,dis-kreet'. a. [discret, Fr.] Prudent; 



circumspect; cautious. Whitgift. Modest 5 not 
forward. Thomson. 

DISCREETLY, dfs-kreet'-le. ad. Prudently 5 cau- 
tiously. Waller. 

DISCREETNESS, dls-kreet'-nes. n. s. Discretion 

DPSCREPANCE§,dV-kre-panse. n.s. [discrepan 
iia, Lat.] Difference ; contrariety. Ld. Digby. 

DISCREPANCY*, dls'-krc-pan-se. n. s. Difference 

Mountugu. 
j DISCREPANT, dV-kre-pant. a. Different ; disa 
I greeing. Sir T. Elyot. 

To DISCRETE §, dls-krete'. v. a. [discretus, Lat.] 
To separate; to discontinue. Brown. 

DISCRETE, dls-krete'. a. Distinct; disjoined. 
Hale. Disjunctive. Milton. — Discrete proportion 
is when the ratio between two pairs of numbers or 
quantities is the same; but there is net the same 
proportion between all the four : thus, 6 : 8 : : 3 : 4. 
Harris. 

§£f This word and its companion concrete, one would 
have supposed, should have the same accentuation in 
all our pronouncing dictionaries ; and yet scarcely any 
two words are more differently accented. The accent 
is placed on the last syllable of concrete by Dr. Ash, 
Buchanan, Perry, Entick, and Bailey ; and on the first 
by Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, Smith, W. Johnston, and Dr. 
Kenrick. Scott accents the last syllable of concrete 
when an adjective, and the first when a substantive : a 
distinction very agreeable to analogy, 494; but Entick, 
directly contrary to this analogy, reverses this order. 
Discrete is always used as an adjective, but has scarce- 
ly less diversity of accentuation than concrete. Dr. 
Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Perry, and 
Entick, accent it on the last syllable; and Dr. Ash, Mr. 
Sheridan, and Bailey on the first. When I wrote the 
Rhyming Dictionary, I accented both these words on 
the first syllable; but this accentuation, I imagine, arose 
from contrasting them, which often places the accent 
on the opposing parts, as in in'lemal, and ez'ternal ; 
but, upon maturer consideration, I apprehend the accent 
ought to be placed on the first syllable of concrete, when 
a substantive, and on the last when an adjective. W. 

DISCRETION, dis-kresh'-Bn. 507. n. 5. Prudence ; 
knowledge to govern or direct one's self; wise 
management. Hooker. Liberty of acting at pleas- 
ure. Disjunction ; separation. Me.de. 

DISCRETIONAL*, dls-kresh'-un-al. a. Unlimited. 
Bp. Horsley. 

DISCRETIONALLY* dls-kresh'-fin-al-le. ad. At 
pleasure ; at choice. Nares. 

DISCRETIONARY, dfs-kresh'-un-ar-e. a. Left at 
large ; unlimited ; unrestrained. Ayliffe. 

DISCRETIVE, dls-kre'-tfv. a. [In logick.] Discre- 
tive propositions are such wherein various, and 
seemingly opposite judgements are made, whose 
variety or distinction is noted by the particles but, 
though, yet, &c; as, Travellers may change their 
climate, but not their temper. Watts. [In gram-" 
mar.] Discretive distinctions are such as imply 
opposition; as, Not a man, bid a beast. Gregory. 
Separate; distinct. Bullokar. 

DISCRETIVELY*, dis-kre'-tiv-le. ad. In a manner 
grammatically distinguishing. Bp. Richardson. 

D1SCRI MINABLE, dfe-krfm'-e-na-bl. a. Distin- 
guishable by outward marks or tokens. Diet. 

To DISCRIMINATE §, dls-krlm'-e-nale. v.a. [dis- 
crimino, Lat.] To mark with notes of difference ; to 
distinguish by certain tokens. Boyle. To select or 
separate ; to sever. Boyle. 

DISCRPMIN ATE* dls-krlm'-e-nate. a. Distinguish- 
ed by certain tokens. Bacon. 

DISCRPMINATELY*,d?s-krW-e-nate-le. ad. Dis- 
tinctly; minutely. Johnson. 

DISCRPMINATENESS, dis-krlm'-e-nate-nes. 9L 
n.s. Distinctness; marked difference. Diet. 

DISCRIMINATION, dis-krlm-e-na'-shfin. n. s. The 
state of being distinguished. Stilling Jleet. Distinc- 
tion ; difference put. Addison. The marks of dis- 
tinction. King Charles. 

DISCRIMINATIVE, dls-krlm'-e-na-tfv. 157. a. 
That which makes the mark of distinction ; charac- 
teristical. Woodward. That which observes dis- 
tinction. More. 

294 



DIS 



DIS 



-116, m&ve, n6r, n6t; — tube, tub, bull;— 611; — p6und; — thin, th'i 



DISCRI MINATIVELY*, dis-krW-e-na-tlv-lc. ad. 

In an observance of due distinction. Mede. 
DBJCRI'MINOUS, <Bs.krlm'-6.n&. a. Dangerous; 

hazardous. Harvey. 

DISCRU'CIATING*, dis-kr65'-she-a-t1ng. a. [dis- 
cnia'o, Lat.] Painful. Brown. 

DISCUBITORY, dts-ku/-be-tur-e. 512. a. [discubi- 
torius, Lat.] Fitted to the posture of leaning. 
Brown. 

To DISCU'LPATE*, dls-kul'-pate. v. a. [dis and 
culpo, Lat.] To exculpate ; to clear from the impu- 
tation of a fault. Ashton. 

DISCUMBENCY, dis-kfim'-ben-se. n.s. [discum- 
bem) Lat.] The act of leaning at meat, after the 
ancient manner. Brown. 

To DISCU'MBER, dis-kum'-b&r. v. a. [dis and 
cumber.] To disengag-e from any troublesome 
weight, or impediment. Pope. 

To DlSCU'RE, dls-kure'. v. a. [decouvrir, Fr.] To 
discover ; to reveal. Spenser. Ob. J. 

DISCU'RRENT* ? d?s-kiV-n6nt. a. [dis and current] 
Not current ; deprived of circulation. Sir E. San- 
dys. 

DISCU'RSIST*. dis-kiV-slst. n. s. [discursus, Lat.] 
An arguer ; a disputer. L. Addison. 

DISCURSIVE^, dis-kiV-slv. 158. a.[discursi/,Fr.] 
Moving here and there ; roving ; desultory. Ba- 
con. Proceeding by regular gradation from prem- 
ises to consequences ; argumentative. Mere. 

DISCURSIVELY, dls-kiV-slv-le. ad. By due gra- 
dation of argument. Hale. 

DISCURSIVENESS*, dls-kur'-s1v-n£s. n. s. Due 
gradation of arguments. Barrow. 

DISCU RSORY, dis-kfir'-sur-e. [SeeDoMESTicK.] 
a. [discursor. Lat.l Argumental ; rational. Bp. 
Hall. 

DISCUS, dls'-kus. n.s. [Lat.] A quoit ; a heavy 
piece of iron thrown in the ancient sports. Pope. 

To DISCL T/ SS§, dls-k&s'. v. a. [discutio. discussum. 
Lat.] To examine; to ventilate ; to clear by dis- 
quisition. Hooker. To disperse. Sir T. Brown. 
To break to pieces. Brown. To shake off. Spen- 
ser. 

DISCU'SSER, dls-k&s'-s&r. 98. n. s. He that dis- 
cusses ; an examiner. 

DISCU'SSING*, dis-kfis'-slng. n. s. Examination. 
Ayliffe. 

DISCUSSION, dls-kus'-shun. n.s. Disquisition; 
examination. South. [In surgery.] The breathing 
out the humours by insensible transpiration. Wise- 
man. 

DISCU'SSIVE, dls-k&s'-sfv. 428. a. Having the 
power to discuss or disperse any noxious matter. 

DISCU TIENT, dls-ku'-shent. n.s. [disadiens, LaL] 
A medicine that has power to repel or drive back 
the matter of tumours in the blood. Quincy. 

ToDISDA'INS, diz-dane'. [See Dis.] v. a. [di- 
dedgner, Fr.] To scorn ; to consider as unworthy 
of one's character. Sidney. 
To DISDATN*, diz-dane'. v. n. To scorn ; to think 
unworthy. Milton. To grow impatient or angry. 
B. Jonson. 

DISDA'IN, diz-dane'. n.s. Contempt; scorn; in- 
dignation. Ecclus. 

DISDATNFUL, dlz-dane'-ful. a. Contemptuous ; 
haughtily scornful ; indignant. Hooker. 

DISDAINFULLY, diz-dane'-f&l-e. ad. Contemptu- 
ously ; with haughty scorn. Shakspeare. 

DISDAINFULNESS, dlz-dane'-f&l-ngs. n. s. Con- 
temDt ; contemptuousness. Sidney. 

DISDAINING* dlz-da'-nlng. n.s. Scorn; con- 
tempt. Donne. 
DISEA'SE^dlz-eze'. n. 5. [dis and ease.] Distemper; 

maladv. Shakspeare. Uneasiness. Spenser. 
To DISEA'SE, dlz-eze'. v.a. To afflict with dis- 
ease ; to make morbid ; to infect. Shak. To put 
to pain ; to pain ; to make uneasy ; to disturb. Sir 
T. Eluot. 
DISEA'SEDNESS, dlz-e'-zeM-ngs. 365. n. s. Sick- 
ness ; morbidness. Burnet. 
DISEA'SEFUL*, dlz-eze'-f fil. a. [disease and full.] 
Abounding with disease ; producing disease. 



Donne. Troublesome ; occasioning uneasiness. 
Bacon. 
DISEA'SEMENT^dlz-eze'-mgnt.n.s. Trouble; in- 
convenience. Bacon. 
DISE'DGED, dlz-edid 7 . 359. a. [dis and edge.] 

Blunted ; dulled. Shakspeare. 
To DISEMBA'RK$, dls-em-bark'. v.a. [dis and 

embark.] To carry to land. Shakspeare. 
To DISEMBA RK, dis-cm-bark'. v. n. To land. 

Pope. 
roDISEMBA'RRASS^dls-em-bar'-ras. v.a. [dis 
and embarrass.] To free jrom clog and impedi- 
ment. 
DISEMBARRASSMENT*, dls-em-bar'-ras-ment. 

n. s. Freedom from perplexity. 
j To DISEMBA'Y*, dis-em-ba'. t\ a. [dis and embay.] 
To clear from the bay. Sherburne. 
To DISEMBI'TTER, dls-em-bh'-tur. v. a. [dis and 
embitter.] To sweeten; to free from bitterness. 
Addison. 
DISEMBO'DTED, dls-em-b&d'-fd. a. [dis and em- 
bodied.] Divested of the body. 
To DISEMBODY §*, dls-em-bftd'-e. v.a. To dis- 
charge from military incorporation. Militia Act. 
To DISEMBOGUE^ dls-em-bug'. 337. v.a. 
[desemboucher, old Fr.] To pour out at the mouth 
of a river ; to vent. Di-yden. To eject ; to cast 
forth. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To DISEMBOGUE, dls-em-bigue'. v.n. To gain a 

vent ; to flow. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DISEMBOSOMED*, d1s-gm-buz ; -umd. part. a. [dis 
and embosom.] Separated from the bosom. Young. 
DISEMBO'WELLED, dfs-£m-b6Md. part. a. 
[dis and embowel.] Taken from out the bowels. 
Phillips. 
To DISEMBRA'NGLE*, dfs-em-brang'-gl. v.a. 
[from dis and brangle.] To free from litigation, or 
impediment. Bp. Berkeley. 
! To DISEMBROIL, dls-em-brdn 7 . v.a. [debrouiller, 
Fr.] To disentangle; to free from perplexity. 
Dry den. 
To DISENABLE, dls-gn-a'-bl. v.a. [dis and enable. ] 

To deprive of power ; to disable. Milton. 
To DISENCHANT, dls-en-tshant'. v. a. [dis and 
enchant.] To free from the force of an enchant- 
ment. Sidney. 
roDISENCU'MBERS, dls-Sn-kfim'-bur. v.a. [dis 
and encumber.] To discharge from encumbrances j 
to disburthen ; to exonerate. Sprat. To free from 
obstruction of any kind. Milton. 
DISENCU'MBRANCE, dls-en-kum'-branse. n.s. 

Freedom from encumbrance. Spectator. 
To DISENGA'GES, dis-en-gaje'. v. a. [dis and en- 
gage.] To separate from any thing with which it is 
in union. Burnet. To disentangle ; to clear from 
impediments or difficulties. Waller. To withdraw . 
applied to the affections ; to wean ; to abstract the 
mind. Atterbury. To free from any powerful de- 
tention. Denliam. To release from an obliga- 
tion. 
To DISENGA'GE, dls-en-gaje'. v. n. To set one's 
self free from ; to withdraw one's affections from. 
Collier. 
DISENGAGED, dls-fo-gajd'. 359. part. a. Disjoin- 
ed ; disentangled. Vacant ; at leisure. Spectator. 
Released from obligation. 
DISENGA'GEDNESS, dis-en-gajd'-nk. n. s. The 
quality of being disengaged ; freedom from any 
pressing business ; disjunction. 
DISENGAGEMENT, dls-en-gaje'-mgnt. n.s. Re- 
lease from any engagement, or obligation. Burnet. 
Freedom of attention ; vacancy. 
To DISENNOBLE*, dis-Sn-ni'-bl. v.a. [dis and 
ennoble] To deprive of that which ennobles a per- 
son. Giuirdian. 
To DISENRO'LL*, dls-en-role'. v. a. [dis and en- 
roll.] To erase or remove out of a roll or list. 
Donne. 
To DISENSLA'VE*, d?s-cn-slW. r. a. [dis and 
enslave.] To redeem from slavery ; to set free. 
South. 
To DISENTANGLED, dls-eii-tang'-gl. v.a. [du 
295 



DIS 














DIS 


IT 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, 


fat;- 


-me, m£t;- 


— pine 


pm 


j 



and entangle.] To unfold or loose the parts of any 
thing interwoven with another. Boyle. To set free 
from impediments; to disembroil; to clear from 
perplexity or difficulty. Clarendon. To disengage ; 
to separate. Stillingfleet. 

DISENT ANGL EMENT*,d?s-en-tang'-gl-ment. n.s. 
Clearing from perplexity or difficulty. Warton. 

To DISENTE'RRE, d'fs-en-ter'. v. a. 



[dis and en- 

ten-er, Fr.] To unbury ; to take out of the grave. 
Brown. 
To DISENTHRALL, dls-en-tfirawl'. 406. v. a. [dis 
and enthral.] To set f$ee ; to restore to liberty ; to 
rescue from slavery. Sandys. 
To DISENTHRO'NE, Ss4n-thr6m'. v. a. [dis and 
enthrone.] To depose from sovereignty; to de- 
throne. Sandys. 
To DISENTITLE* dWn-tlMl. v. a. [dis and en- 
title.] To deprive of claim or title. South. 
To DISENTRANCE, dls-en-transe'. v. a. [dis and 
entrance.] To awaken from a trance, or deep sleep. 
Hudibras. 
To DISESPO'USE, dis-e-spouze'. v. a. [dis and es- 
pouse.] To separate after faith plighted. Milton. 
DISESTEE'MS, dis-^-steem'. n. s. [dis and esteem.] 
Slight regard; a disregard more moderate than 
contempt. Felthant: 
To DISESTEE'M, dls-e-steem'. v. a. To regard 
slightly; or with a slight degree of contempt, 
Raleigh. 
DISESTIMA'TION, dis-es-te-ma'-shfin. n.s. Disre- 
spect; disesteem. Did. 
To DISE'XERCISE*, dfz-^ks'-er-slze. v. a. [dis and 

exercise.] To deprive of exercise. Milton. 
To DISFANCY* d?s-fan'-se. v. a. [dis and fancy.] 

To dislike. Hammond. 
DISFAVOUR M^-ft'-vur. n.s. [dis and favour.] 
Discountenance ; unpropitious regard ; unfavoura 
ble aspect. A state of ungraciousness or unaccept 
ableness. Spelman. Want of beauty. Diet. 
To DISFAVOUR, dfs-fV-vor. * a. To discounte- 
nance ; to withhold or withdraw kindness. Raleigh. 
To deform. B. Jonson. 
DISFAVOURER, dis-fa'-vur-ur. n. s. Discounte- 

nancer; not a favourer. Bacon. 
DISFIGURATION, dls-flg-u-ra'-shfin. n. s. The 
act of disfiguring. The state of being disfigured. 
Deformity. 
To DISFFGURES, dis-ffg'-ure. v. a. [dis and 
figure.] To change any thing to a worse form ; to 
deform ; to mangle. Sliakspeare. 
DISFFGUREMENT, dls-fig'-ure-ment. n. s. De- 
facement of beauty ; change of a better form to a 
worse. Suckling. 
STo DISFOREST, d?s-f6r'-rest.u. a. [dis and forest.] 
To reduce land from the privileges of a forest to 
the state of common land. 
To DISFRANCHISES, d?s-fran'-tsh?z. 152. v. a. 
[dis and franchise.] To deprive of privileges or im- 
munities. Blackstone. 
DISFRANCHISEMENT, d?s-fran'-lsh?z-ment. n.s. 

The act of depriving of privileges. Diet. 
To DISFRFAR* dls-frl'-fir. v. a. [dis and friar.] 

To abandon the state of a friar. Sir E. Sandys. 
To DISFU'RNISH, dls-fflr'-nlsh. v. a. [dis and fur- 
nish.] To deprive ; to unfurnish ; to strip. Sir T. 
Elyot. 
ToD'ISGA'RNISH^Iz-gar'-nfsh. 425. v. a. [dis and 
garnish.] To strip of ornaments. Diet. To take 
guns from a fortress. 
To DISGARRISON*, d?z-gar'-re-sn. v. a. [dis and 

garrison.] To deprive of a garrison. Dr. Hewijt. 
To DISGLO'RIFY, dlz-glo'-re-fl. v. a. [dis and glo- 
rify.] To deprive of glory ; to treat with indignity. 
Milton. 
To DISGA'LLANT*, dlz-galMant. v. a. [dis and 

gallant.] To deprive of gallantry. B. Jonson. 
To DISGORGE*, dlz-gorje'. v. a. [degorger, Fr.] 
To discharge by the mouth ; to vomit. Shakspeare. 
To pour out with violence. Shakspeare. 
DISGORGEMENT* dlz-gfirje'-ment. n..s. A vomit. 

Bp. Hall. 
To DISGO SPEL* dlz-g&s'-pfr. v. n. [dis and To 



[dis and gm 

Our old word 

>. a. [dis and 
to disperse. 

[deguiser, 



gospel] To differ from the precepts of the Gospel. 
Milton. 
DISGRACE^, dlz-grase'. 425. n.s. [disgrace, Fr.] 
State of being out of favour. State of ignominy ; 
dishonour ; state of shame. Shakspeare. Act of un- 
kindness. Sidney. Cause of shame. Baynard. 
To DISGRA'CE, diz-grase'. v. a. To bring a re- 
proaeh upon; to dishonour, as an agent. Hooker. 
To bring to shame, as a cause. To put out of fa 
vour. 
DISGRACEFUL, dlz-grase'-ful. a. Shameiul ; ig- 
nominious. Bp. Taylor. 
DISGRACEFULLY, d?z-grase'-ful-e. ad. In dis- 
grace ; with indignity ; ignominiously. B. Jonson. 
DISGRACEFULNESS, dfz-grase'-ful-nes. n.s. 

Ignominy. 
DISGRACER, dfc-gra'-sfir. 98. n.s. One that ex- 
poses to shame ; one that causes ignominy. Sir E. 
Sandys. 
DISGRACIOUS, dlz-gra'-shfis. a. 

cious.] Unpleasing. Shakspeare. 
To DISGR ADE* ; dlz-grade'. v. a. 

for degrade. 
To DPSGREGATE*, dis'-gre-gate. 
grex, gregis, Lat.] To separate 
More. 
roDISGUFSES, dfzg-ylze'. 92, 160. 
Fr.] To conceal by an unusual dress. Shalt. To 
hide by a counterfeit appearance. To disfigure : 
to change the form. Dryaen. To deform by liquor : 
a low term. Spectator. 
DISGUPSE, dizg-ylze'. 160. n. s. A dress contrived 
to conceal the person that wears it. Addison: A 
false appearance ; counterfeit show. Pope. Disor- 
der by drink. Sliakspeare. A mask, or interlude. 
B. Jonson. 
DISGUPSEMENT, d?zg-ylze'-ment. n, s. Dress of 

concealment. Sidney. 
DISGUPSER, dlzg-yl'-z&r. 160. n. s. One that puts 
on a disguise. Swift. One that conceals another 
by a disguise ; one that disfigures. Shakspeare. 
DISGUFSING* dlzg-yl'-zmg. n. s. Theatrical 
pastime ; frolick in masks ; mummery. Leland. 
The act of giving an appearance of truth to false- 
hood. Donne. 
DISGU / STS,diz-gust / .435. n.s. [degout, Fr.] Aver 
sion of the palate from any thing. Ill-humour ; 
malevolence ; offence conceived. Locke. 
To DISGU'ST, dlz-gust'. v. a. To raise aversion in 
the stomach ; to distaste. Dr. Holdsworth. To 
strike with dislike ; to offend. Atterbury. To pro- 
duce aversion. Swift. 
DISGUSTFUL, diz-gfist'-ful. a. Nauseous ; that 

which causes aversion. Spiritual Conquest. 
DISGUSTINGLY*, dlz-gfist'-Ing-le. ad. In a man- 
ner to disgust. Swinburne. 
DISH §, dish. n. s. [bi]-c, Sax.] A broad, wide vessel" 
in which food is served up at the table. Dry den. 
A deep, hollow vessel for liquid food. Milton. The 
meat served in a dish ; any particular kind of 
food. Sliakspeare. A kind of : 
tinners. Carew. 
To DISH, dish. v. a. To serve in a dish ; to send up 

to table. Shakspeare. 
DISH-CLOUT, dfsh'-klflut. n. s. [dish and cloid.] 
The cloth with which the maids rub their dishes 
Shakspeare. 
DISH-WASHER, dlsh'-w&sh-ur. n. s. The name of 

a bird. 
DISH-WATER*, dfsh'-waw-tur. n.s. The water in 

which dishes are washed. 
DISHABFLLEy, dSs-a-bil'. a. [desliabille', Fr.] Un- 



A kind of measure among the 



dressed ; loosely or negligently dressed. Dry den. 

DISHABPLLE, dis-a-b¥. n. s. Undress ;" loose 
dress. Guardian. 

To DISHABIT, dls-hab'-it. v. a. To throw out of 
place ; to drive from their habitation. Shakspeare. 

DISHARMONIOUS*, dls-har-m^ne-fls. a. Incon- 
gruous. Hallywell. 

DISHARMONY $, dfs-har'-mo-ne. n.s. [dis and 
harmony.] Contrariety to harmony. 

To DISHEARTEN, dfe-harMn. 130. v. a. [dis and 
296 



DIS 



DIS 



— no, move, n6r, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— p6find ;— thm, THi 



hearten.'] To discourage ; to deject ; to terrify 5 to 

depress. Hooker. 
To DISHE'IR*, dlz-are'. v. a. [dis and heir.] To 

debar from inheritance. Dryden. 
DISHERISON, dis-her'-e-zn". 170. n.s. The act of 

debarring from inheritance 5 disheriting - . Bp. Hall. 
To DISHE R1T §, dls-heV-ll. v. a. [dis and inherit.'] 

To cut off from hereditary succession ; to debar 

from an inheritance. Spenser. 
DISHE- RITANCE*,dls-heV-e-tanse. n.s. The state 

of being cut off from inheritance. Beaumont and 

Fletcher. 
To DISHE' VEL, dlsh-sheV-vel. v. a. [decheveler, 

Fr.l To spread the hair disorderly. Spenser. 
To DISHEVEL*, dlsh-shev'-vel. v. n. To be spread 

without order. Sir T. Herbert. 
DI'SHING, dlsh'-lng. a. Concave: a cant term 

among artificers. Mortimer. 
DISHONEST $, dlz-on'-lst. 99. a. [dis and honest.] 

Void of probity ; void of faith 5 faithless; wicked ; 

fraudulent. South. Unchaste ; lewd. Sliak. Dis- 
graced ; dishonoured. Dryden. Disgraceful ; ig- 
nominious. Pope. 
DISHONESTLY, dlz-&n'-lst-le. ad. Without faith ; 

without probity ; faithlessly ; wickedly. Shale. 

Lewdly ; wantonly ; unchastely. Ecc. In a dis- 
honoured manner. Sir T. Ehjot. 
DISHONESTY, dlz-on'-nls-te. n. s. Want of probity ; 

faithlessness. Swift. Unchastity ; incontinence ; 

lewdness. Shakspeare. 
DISHONOURS, dlz-on'-nur. n.s. [dis and honour.] 

Reproach; disgrace; ignominy. Sliak. Reproach 

uttered; censure. S'nakspeare." 
To DISHONOUR, dlz-on'-nur. v. a. To disgrace ; 

to bring shame upon. Sliak. To violate chastity. 

To treat with indignity. Dryden. To deprive of 

ornament. Dryden. 
DISHONOURABLE, dlz-on'-nur-a-bl. a. Shame- 
ful; reproachful; ignominious. Daniel. Being in 

a state of neglect or disesteem. Ecclus. 
DISHONOURABLY* dlz-&n'-nur-a-ble. ad. Ig- 

nominiously ; neglectedly. 
DISHONOURER, dlz-6n'-nur-ur. n. s. One that 

treats anolher with indignity. Milton. A violator 

of chastitv. 
To DISHORN, dls-horn'. v. a. [dis and horn.] To 

strip of horns. Shakspeare. 
DISHU'MOUR, dis-u'-mur. n. s. [dis and humour.] 

Peevishness ; ill humour ; uneasy state of mind. 

Spectator. 
DISIMPROVEMENT, dls-lm-prdov'-ment. n. s. 

[dis and improvement.'] Reduction from a better to 

a worse state ; the contrary to improvement. 

Norris. 
To DISINCARCERATE, dls-ln-kar'-se-rate. v. a. 

[dis and incarcerate.] To set at liberty; to free 

from prison. Harvey. 
DISINCLINATION, dls-ln-kle-na'-shun. n.s. Want 

of affection; slight; dislike. Guardian. 
To DISINCLINES, dls-ln-kllne'. v. a. [dis and in- 
cline.] To produce dislike to. Clarendon. 
DISINCLINED*, dls-ln-kllnd'. a. Averse ; not fa- 

vourablv disposed. Burke. 
DISINCORPORA'TION*, dls-ln-k6r- P 6-ra'-shun. 

n. s. [dis and incorporation.] Deprivation of the 

rights and privileges of a corporate body. War- 
ton. 
DISINGENU'ITY, dls-ln-je-nu'-e-te. n. s. Mean- 
ness of artifice ; unfairness. Clarendon. 
DISINGENUOUS §, dls-ln-jen'-u-us. a. [dis and 
ingenuous.] Unfair ; meanly artful ; viciously sub- 
tle ; sly ; cunning ; illiberal. Denham. 
DISINGENUOUSLY, dls-ln-jen'-u-us-le. ad. In a 

disingenuous manner. Warton. 
DISINGENUOUSNESS, dls-ln-jen'-u-us-nes. n. s. 
Mean subtlety ; unfairness ; low craft. Government 
of the Tongue. 
DISINHA'BITED*, dls-ln-hab'-lt-ed. a. Deprived 

of inhabitants. 
DISINHERISON, dls-ln-her'-e-zn. n. s. [from dis 
and inherit.] The act of cutting off from any heredi- 
tary succession; the act of disinheriting. Bacon. 
33 



The state of being cut off from an hereditary right. 
Bp. Taylor. 

To DISINHERIT, dls-ln-heV-?t.r. a. To cut off from 
an hereditary right ; to deprive of an inheritance 
Dames. 

To DISINTE'RS, dls-ln-ter'. v. a. [from dis and 
infer.] To unbury ; to take as out of the grave. 
Addison. 

DISINTERESSED, dlz-m'-ter-es-sed. a. [dis and 
interesse, Fr.] Void of regard to private advantage ; 
impartial. Dryden. 

DISINTERESSMENT, dlz-ln'-ter-gs-ment. n. s. 
Disregard to private advantage ; disinterestedness 
Prior. 

DISINTEREST §, dlz-ln'-ter-est. n.s. [dis and in 
terest.] What is contrary to one's wish or prosperi 
ty. More. Indifference to profit ; superiority to 
regards of private advantage. 

To DISINTEREST*, dlz-ln'-ter-est. v. a. To ren- 
der superiour to private advantage. Feltham. 

DISINTERESTED, dlz-ra'-ter-es,-ted. a. Superiour 
to regard of private advantage. Swift. Without 
any concern in an affair ; without fear or hope. 

DISINTERESTEDLY, diz-ln'-ter-es-ted-le. ad. In 
a disinterested manner. 

DISINTERESTEDNESS, dlz-ln'-ter-cs-ted-nes. 
n. s. Contempt of private interest. Brown. 

DISINTERESTING*, dlz-ln'-ter-^st-lng. a. Want- 
ing interest or the power of affecting. Warburton. 

DISINTERMENT*, dis-in-ter'-ment. n. s. The act 
of unburying, or removing out of the grave. 

To DISlNTRICATE, dlz-ln'-tre-kate. v. a. [dis 
and intricate.] To disentangle. Diet. 

To DISINU'RE*, dls-ln-yure'. v. a. [dis and inure.] 
To deprive of practice, habit, or custom. Milton. ' 

DISINVALl'DITY*, dlz-ln-va-lld'-e-te. n. s. [dis 
and invalidity.'] Wa-nt of validity. Mountain. 

To DISINVI'TE, dls-ln-vlte'. in: a. [dis an<J invite.] 
To retract an invitation. Sir J. Finett. 

To DISINVOLVE*, dis-in-volv'. v. a. [dis and in 
voire.] To uncover ; to disentangle. More. 

To DISJOIN, dfz-j61n'. v. a. [dejoindre, Fr.] To 
separate; to part from each other; to sunder. 
Milton. 

To DISJOINT §, diz-jflint'. v. a. [dis and joint.] To 
put out of joint. Sandys. To break at junctures; 
to separate at the part where there is a cement 
Harmar. To break in pieces ; to dilaniate. Black- 
more. To carve a fowl. To make incoherent ; to 
break the relation between the parts. Sidney. 

To DISJOINT, dlz-j61nt'. v. n. To fall in pieces 
Shakspeare. 

DISJOTNT, diz-joint'. participle. Separated; divid- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

DISJOINTLY*, dlz-j61ntMe. ad. In a divided state 
Sir M. Sandys. 

DIJUDICATION, dlz-ju-de-ka'-shfin. n. s^ [dyu 



dicatio. Lat.l Judgement; determination. Boyle. 
ISJUNCT § f dlz-jfin 
Disjoined ; separate. 



DISJUNCT Jj diz-jflngkt'. 408. a. [di 



mile. 
,Lat. 



DISJUNCTION, dlz-jfingk'-shfin. n. s. Disunion ; 
separation ; parting. Shakspeare. 

DISJUNCTIVE, diz-jfingk'-tfv. a. Incapable of 
union. Grew. That which marks separation or 
opposition ; as, I love him, or fear him. Watts. [In 
logick.] A disjunctive proposition is when the parts 
are opposed to one another by disjunctive particles; 
as, It is either day or ni, '4. Watts. 

DISJUNCTIVE*, dlz^ungk'-flv. n.s. A disjunc 
tive conjunction. Hams. 

DISJUNCTIVELY, dlz-jvmgk'-tlv-le. ad. Distinctly, 
separately. Causes of the Decay of Piety. 

DISKS, disk. n.s. [discus, Lat.] The face of the 
sun, or any planet, as it appears to the eye. Dryden. 
A broad piece of iron thrown in the ancient sports j 
a quoit. Grew. 

DISKINDNESS, dlsk-ylnd'-nes. 160. n. s. [dis 
and kindness.] Want of kindness ; want of affec- 
tion. Ill turn; injury; act of malignity detri 
ment. Woodward. 

DISLFKE, dlz-llke'. 435. n. s. Disinclination ; ab- 
sence of affection ; the contrary to fondness. Spen- 
297 



DIS 












DIS 


inr559.- 


-Fate, far 


fill, fat* 


—me, 


m<k;- 


-pine 


pin j — 



ser. Discord j dissension; disagreement. Fair- 
fax. 
To DISLFKE $, diz-Hke'. v. a. [dis and like.] To dis- 
approve ; to regard without affection. Sliakspeare. 
DISLFKEFUL, diz-llke'-ful. a. Disaffected; ma- 
lign.' Spenser. Ob. J. 
CToDISLFKENS, diz-ll'-kn. v. a. To make unlike. 

Sliakspeare. Unusual. 
DISLFKENESS, dlz-Uke'-nSs. n. s. [dis and like- 
ness.'] Dissimilitude; unlikeness. Locke. 
DISLFKER, diz-ll'-kfir. n. s. A disapprover; one 

that is not pleased. More. 
To DISLFMB, dlz-lim'. v. a. [dis and limb.] To tear 

limb from limb. Diet. 
To DISLFMN, diz-hV. 435. v. a. [dis and limn.] 
To unpaint ; to strike out of a picture. Sliakspeare. 
To DI'SLOCATEMls'-li-kate. v. a. [dis and locus, 
Lat.] To put out of the proper place. Woodward. 
To put out of joint ; to disjoint. Sliakspeare. 
DISLOCATION, dis-lo-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
shifting the places of things. Instructions of Orato- 
ry. The state of being displaced. Burnet. A 
luxation; a joint put out. Grew. 
To DISLODGES, dlz-lodje'. u. a. [dis and lodge.] 
To remove from a place. Bp. Hall. To remove 
from a habitation. Ha)~mar. To drive an enemy 
from a station. Dry den. To remove an army to- 
other quarters. Shakspeare. 
To DISLO'DGE, diz-lodje'. v. n. To go away to 

another place. Milton. 
DISLOYAL Miz-tfe'-al. 435. a. [dis m&loyal] Not 
true to allegiance; faithless; false to a sovereign; 
disobedient. Milton. Dishonest ; perfidious. Sliak. 
Not true to the marriage-bed. Shak. False in 
love ; not constant. 
DISLOYALLY, diz-lfie'-al-le. ad. Not faithfully; 

treacherously. 
DISLO'YALTY, diz-loe'41-te. n. s. Want of fidelity 
to the sovereign. King Charles. Want of fidelity 
in love. Shakspeare. 
DFSMALS, diz'-mal. 425. a. [dies mains, Lat.] Sor- 
rowful ; dire; horrid; melancholy ; uncomforta- 
ble ; unhappy ; dark. Shakspeare. 
DFSMALLY, diz'-mal-le. ad. Horribly; sorrow- 
fully. 
DI'SMALNESS, dlzWal-n&j. n. s. Horrour; sor- 
row. 
To DISMANTLE §, diz-man'-tl. v. a. [dis and man- 
tle.] To deprive of a dress ; to strip ; to denude. 
South. To loose ; to throw off a dress ; to throw 
open. Shak. To strip a town of its outworks. Hal- 
lyicell. To break down any thing external. Dry- 
den. 
DISMA/NTLING*, dlz-man'-tling. n.s. The act of 

stripping a town of its bulwarks. Hakewill. 
To DISMA'SK, diz-mask 7 . v. a. [dis and mask.] To 

divest of a mask. Shakspeare. 
To DISMAY §, dlz-ma'. 425. v. a [desmayar, Span.] 
To terrify ; to discourage; to depress; to deject. 
Spenser. 
DISMAY, diz-ma'. 435. n. s. Fall of courage ; 
terrour felt ; desertion of mind ; fear impressed. 
Milton. 
DISMAYEDNESS, diz-ma'-gd-nSs. n. s. Dejection 

of courage. Sidney. 

DISME, dime. n. s. [Fr.] A tenth ; a tithe. Gower. 

To DISME'MBER _§, diz-mem'-bfir. v. a. [dis and 

member.] To divide member from member; to 

diiacerate ; to cut in pieces. Shakspeare. 

DISME/MBERMENT*, diz-mem'-bfir-ment. n. s. 

Division. Burke. 
DIS 'METTLED*, diz-meY-tld. a. [dis and mettled.] 
Without spirit or fire ; without exertion. Llewellyn 
To DISMISS §, diz-rmV. 435. v. a. [dismissus, Lat.] 
To send away. Shakspeare. To give leave of de- 
parture. Dryden. To discard; to divest of an 
office. 
DISMFSS*, diz-mls'. n. s. Discharge from any of- 
fice. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. T. 
DISMISSAL*, diz-imV-sal. n. s. Dismission. 
DISMISSION, diz-mish -fin. n. s. Despatch ; act of 
sending away. Dryden. An honourable discharge 



from any office or place. Milton. Deprivation; 
obligation to leave any post or place. Shak. 
DISMISSIVE*, diz-nuV-siv. a. Proclaiming dismis- 
sion, or leave to depart. Davenant. 
To DISMORTGAGE, diz-mcV-gaje. v. a. [dis and 

mortgage.] To redeem from mortgage. Howell. 
To DISMOUNT $, dlz-mdflnt'.r. a. [demonter, Fr.] 
To throw off a horse. Milton. To throw from 
any elevation or place of honour. Sackville. To 
throw cannon from its carriage. Knolles. 
To DISMOUNT, dlz-mfiflnt'. v. n. To alight from 
a horse. Addison. To descend from any eleva- 
tion. Spenser. 
To DENATURALIZE, diz-natsh'-u-ra-llze. v. a. 
[dis and naturalize.] To alienate ; to make alien , 
to deprive of the privileges of birth. 
DISNATURED, diz-na'-ishurd. 435. a. [desnature, 
old Fr.] Unnatural ; wanting natural affection. 
Shakspeare. Unusual. 
DISOBEDIENCES, dis-o-be'-de-ense. [See Obe- 
dience.] n. s. [dis and obedience.] Violation of law- 
ful command or prohibition ; breach of duty due 
to superiours. Shakspeare. Incompliance. Black- 
more. 
DISOBEDIENT, dis-o-be'-de-ent. a. Not observant 

of lawful authority. 1 Kings. 
To DISOBE'Y, dis-6-ba'. v. a. To break commands 

or transgress prohibitions. Sidney. 
DISOBLIGA'TION, dfs-fib-le-ga'-shfin. n. s. [dis 
and obligation.] Offence; cause of disgust. Claren- 
don. 
DISO'BLIGATORY*, dis-ob'-le-ga-tfir-e. a. [dis 
and obligatory.] Releasing obligation. King 
Cliarles. 
To DISOBLFGE $, dis-6-bllje', or dis-o-bleeje'. 111. 
v. a. [dis and oblige.] To offend ; to disgust ; to 
give offence to. Clarendon. To release from an 
obligation. Bp. Hall. 
DISOBLFGER* dis-o-bll'-jfir. n. s. One who of- 
fends another. W. Mountague. 
D1SOBLFGING, dis-A-bll'-jlng. 111. part. a. Dis- 
gusting; unpleasing; offensive. Government of the 
Tongue. 
DISOBLFGINGLY, dis-o-bli'-jing-le. ad. In a dis- 
gusting or offensive manner; without attention 
to please. 
DISOBLFGINGNESS, dis-6-bll / -jlng-ne , s. n.s. Of- 

fensiveness. 
D1SOPFNION*, dis-6-piiV-yfin. n. s. [dis and 

opinion.] Difference of opinion. Bp. Reynolds. 
DISORBED, diz-6rbd'. 359. a. [dis and orb.} 

Thrown out of the proper orbit. Shakspeare. 
DISORDERS, diz-6r / -dfir. n.s. [dis and order.] 
Want of regular disposition ; irregularity; confu- 
sion. Spectator. Tumult ; disturbance ; bustle. 
Waller. Neglect of rule. Pope. Breach of laws - x 
violation of standing institution. Wisdom. Sick- 
ness ; distemper. Locke. Discomposure of mind ; 
turbulence ot passions. 
To DISORDER, diz-cV-dfir. v. a. To throw into 
confusion; to confound; to disturb; to ruffle. Mil- 
ton. To make sick ; to disturb the body. To dis- 
compose ; to disturb the mind. Barrow. To turn 
out of holy orders ; to depose. Dryden. 
DISORDERED, diz-fir'-dfird. 359. a. Disorderly 
irregular; vicious; loose; unrestrained in be- 
haviour. Shakspeare. 
DISORDEREDNESS, diz-dr'-dfir-ed-nes. n. s. Ir- 
regularity; want of order. Knolles. 
DISORDERLY, diz.-6V-d6r-le. a. Confused; im- 
methodical. Hale. Irregular; tumultuous. Bacon.. 
Lawless ; contrary to law. Hayward. 
DISORDERLY, diz-Sr'-d&r-le. ad. Without rule; 
without method; confusedly. Raleigh. Without 
law; inordinately. 2 Thess. 
DISORDINATE,diz-6r'-de-nate. 91. a. [dis and or- 
dinate.] Not living- by the rules of virtue. BrysketL 
DISORDINATELY, diz-6V-de-nate-le. ad. Inor- 
dinately ; viciously. 
DISORGANIZA'TION*, diz-Sr'-gan-e-za'-shfln. 
n. s. [dis and organization.] Destruction of system 
subversion of order. Dr. Gaskku 



DIS 



IMS 



-n6. move, n6r, not;— tube, tab, ball ;— oil ;— p6und ;— thm, THi 



To 
B P . 



To DISORGANIZE $*, dlz-or'-gnn-lze. v. c 
break in pieces; to destroy the order of. 
Monad. 

DISORIENTATED, dis-o'-re-en-ta-ted. a. [dwarid 
orient.] Turned from the cast ; turned from the 
right direction. Harris. 
To DISOWN, diz-One'. v. a. [dis and own.] To 
deny ; not to allow. Dryden. To abnegate 5 to 
renounce. Swif't. 
To D1SPA OE* dls-pa.se'. v. n. [dis and sjxjtior. 

LatJ To range about. Spenser. 
To DISPA1R*. dfs-pare'. v. a. [dis and pair,] To 

part a couple. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To DISPA'NDS.cHs-pand'.tt.a. [dispando, Lat.] To 

displav; to spread abroad. Diet. 
DISPA'NSION. dls-pair'-shtin. n.s. The act of dis- 
playing; diffusion; dilatation. 
DISPA RADISED^. dis-paV-a-diste. a. [dis and 
paradise.] Fallen from happiness to misery. Cocke- 
ram. 
To DISFA'R AGE §, dls-par'-rldje. 90. v. a. [depa- 
roger, old Fr.] To marry anyone to another of infe- 
riour condition. To match" unequally. Coc':eravi. 
To injure by a comparison with something of less 
value. To treat with contempt ; to mock; to flout. 
Milton. To bring reproach upon ; to be the cause 
of disgrace. Spenser. 
DISPARAGEMENT, dis-par -?dje-ment. n. s. In- 
jurious union or comparison with something of in- 
feriour excellence. L ! Estrange. [In law.] Match- 
ing an heir in marriage under his or her degree, 
or against decency. Cowel. Reproach ; disgrace ; 
indignity. Spenser. 
DISPARAGER, dis-par'-r?dje-flr. n.s. One that 

disgraces ; one that treats with indigiiitv. Hickes. 
DISPARAGINGLY*, dls-par'-ridje-ing-le. ad. 

Contemptuously. Peters. 
DISPARATE 9* dis -pa-rate. a. [disparities, Lat.] 

Senarate ; dissimilar. Bp. Taylor. 
DFSPARATES, dis'-pa-rates. n. s. Things so unlike 
that thev cannot be compared with each other. 
Ahp. Usher. 
DISPARITY, drs-par'-e-te. 511. n. s. [dispar.Lat.] 
Inequality ; difference in rank or excellence. 
Hooker. " Dissimilitude ; unlikeness. 
To DISPARK, dfs-park'. v. a. [dis and park.] To 
throw open a park. Shak. To set at large; to 
release from enclosure. Sir T. Herbert. 
To DISPA'RT, dis-part'. c. a. [dis and pa?i.] To 
divide in two ; to separate; to break ; to burst ; to 
rive. Spenser. 
DISPA/SSION §, d?s-pash 7 -un. n. s. [//is and passion.] 

Freedom from mental perturbation. Temple. 
DISPASSIONATE, dis-pash'-nn-ate. 91. a. Cool; 

cairn ; impartial. Dr. Maine. 
DISPA SSIONATED * dis-pash'-un-a-ted. a. Cool ; 

free from passion. Dr. Maine. 
DISPASSIONATELY*, d/s-pash'-un-ate-le. ad. In 

a calm and temperate manner. Killino-heck. 
D1SPASSIONED*, dis-pash'-find. a. Free from 

passion. Donne. 
To DISPATCH §*. See To Despatch. 
DISPATCHER*. See Despatched 
To DISPE'L, dls-peF. v. a. [dispello, Lat.] To drive | 

bv scattering; to dissipate. Millon, 
DISPE'NCE, dls-peuse'. n. s. [despenee, Fr.] Ex- 
pense ; cost ; profusion. Spenser. 
To DISPE'NDS, dis-pend'. v. a. [dispendo, Lat.] 



DISPE'NSATIVE*, dis-pen'-sa-tiv. a. Granting 

dispensation. Proceedings against Garnet. 
DISPE NSAT1VELY*. dls-peV-sa-uV-le. ad. Rv 

dispensation; Sir. H. Wofton. 
DlSPKNSA'TOR, d?s-pen-sa.'-tar. n. s. [Lat.l One 
employed in dealing out anything; a distributer. 
Bacon. 
DISPENSATORY. dis-peV-sa-tfir-e. 512. n. t . 
[from dispense.] A book in which the composition 
of medicines is described and directed. Bacon. 

DISPE NSATORY*, dis-pen'-sa-tfir-e. a. Having 
the power of granting dispensation. Bp. Rain- 
bow. 
To DISPENSE §. dis-pense'. r.a. [despenser, Fr.J 
To deal out; to distribute. Milton. To make up a 
medicine. To dispense icith. To excuse; to 
grant dispensation for. Slio/c. To set free from an 
obligation. Addison. To obtain a dispensation 
from; to come to agreement with. Shakspeare. 

DISPENSE, drs-pense'. n. s. Dispensation ; exemp- 
tion. Milton. 

DISPENSER, dis-peV-sar. 98. n. s. One that dis- 
penses ; a distributer. Fulke. One that frames ex- 
cuses. Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical. 

To DISPEOPLE §, ctfs-pe'-pl. v. a. [dis and people.] 
To depopulate ; to emptv of people. Spenser. 

DISPE'OPLER, dis-pe'-pl-ar. n.s. Adepopulator; 
a waster. Gay. 

TbDISPE'RGE. dis-perdje'. v. a. [dispergo,La\.] 
To sprinkle ; to scatter. Shakspeare. 

To DISPE'RSE §, dis-perse'. r. a. [dispersus, Lat.] 



Thinness i 



A scatterer : a 



To spend ; to consume ; to expend. Spenser. 

DISPE'NDER*. dls-pend'-ur. n. s. One that dis- 
tributes. Wicliffe. Oh. T. 

DISPE'NSABLE*, dis-pen'-sa-bl. a. Capable of be- 
in? dispensed with. More. 

DISPE NSABLENESS*, d's-pen'-sa-bl-nes. n. s. 
Capability of being dispensed with. Hammond. 

DISPENSARY, dis-pen'-sa-re. n.s. The place 
where medicines are dispensed. Garth. 

DISPENSATION, dls-pen-sa'-shan. n. s. Distribu- 
tion; dealing out anything. Woodward. The 
dealing of God with his creatures ; method of prov- 
idence ; distribution of good and evil. Bp. Taijlor. 
An exemption from some law. Ward. 



To scatter ; to drive to different parts. ~ Ezekkl. To 
dissipate. Shak. To deal about; to distribute. 
Bacon. 
DISPE'RSEDLY, dls-peV-sed-le. 364. ad. In a dis- 
persed maimer ; separately. Hooker. 
DISPE RSEDNESS, dis-per'-sed-nes. n.s. The 

state of being - dispersed; dispersion. 
DISPE'RSENESS, dfs-pers'-nes. n. 5. 

scatteredness. Brerewood. 
DISPENSER, dfs-per'-sur. 98 

spreader. Spectator. 
DISPERSION, dls-peV-shun. n.s. [dispersio, Lat.J 
The act of scattering or spreading. Brown. The 
state of being scattered. Raleigh. 
DISPE'RSIVE*, d?s-per'-sh\ a. Having the power 

to disperse. Dyer. 
To DISPIRIT $ ; d!s-prr'-?t. 109. v. a. [dis and spir 
it.] To discourage; to deject; to depress. Clar 
endon. To exhaust the spirits. Collier. 
DISPFRITEDNESS^is-pfrMt-ted-nes. n. s. Want 

of vigour; want of vivacity. Diet. 
DISPITEOUS*, dis-pilsh / -e-us. a. Malicious ; furi 

ous. Spenser. 
DISPl'TEOUSLY*, dls-push^-us-le.^. Malicious 

lv. Mirror for Magistrates. 
7V DISPLACE, d&plase'. v. a. [dis and place] 
To put out of piace ; to place in another situation. 
Gregory. To put out of any state, or condition. 
Bacon. To disorder. Shakspeare. 
DISPLACENCY. dls-pla'-sen-se. n. s. [displicen 
tia, Lat.] Incivility ; disobligation. Disgust ; any 
thing unpleasing. Broicn. 
To DISPLA'NTl, dfs-planf. v. a. [dis and plant.] 
To remove a plant. Beaum. and Fl. To drive a 
people from their residence. Spenser. 
DISPLANTA'TION, dJs-plan-fa'-shfln. n.s. [dis 
and plantation] The removal of a plant. The ejec- 
tion of a people. Raleigh. 
DISPLANTING* dls-plant'-ing. n.s. Removal 5 

ejection. Hakewill. 
To DISPLAT*, dis-plat'. r . a. [dis and plat.] To 

untwist ; to uncurl. Hakewill. 
To DISPLAY $,dl6-pla'. v. a. [desployer,Fr.] To 
spread wide. Spenser. To exhibit to the sight or 
mind. Shak. To carve ; to cut up. Spectator. To 
talk without restraint. Shak. To set ostentatiously 
to view. Sliak. To open ; to unlock. B. Jonson. 
DISPLAY, dls-pla/. n. s. An exhibition of any 

thing to view. GlanviUe. 
DISPLAYER* difs-pla'-ur. n.s. That which sets 
to view. Gayton. 

299 



DIS 














DIS 


IE? 559.- 


-Fate, 


far 


fall, fat 5— me, 


mel;- 


— pine 


, phi 


5 



n. s. The act of dis- 
a. [dis and plumed.] 



To DISPLE*, dls'-pl. v. a. To discipline ; to chas- 
tise. Spenser. Ob. T. 

DISPLEASANCE, dfs-ple'-zanse. n.s. [deplaisance, 
old FrJ Anger ; discontent. Spenser. Ob. J. 

DISPLEASANT, dis-plez'-ant. a. Unpleasing ; of- 
fensive. Sir T. Elyot. 

DISPLEA SANTLY*, d?s-piez'-ant-lk ad. In an 
unpleasing manner. Sir T. Elyot. 

To DISPLEASE M^-pleze'. v. a. [dis andpkase.] 
To offend ;■ to make angry. 1 Chron. To make 
sad. Milton. 

To DISPLEA'SE, dis-pleze'. v.n. To disgust 5 to 
raise aversion. Bacon. 

D1SPLEASEDNESS*, dJs-ple'-zgd-nes. n.s. Pain 
received ; uneasiness. W. Mountagu. 

D1SPLEASINGNESS, dls-ple'-zlng-nes. n. s. Of- 
fensiveness. Locke. 

DISPLEASURE, dls-plezh'-ure. n.s. Uneasiness ; 
pain received. Locke. Offence ; pain given. Judges. 
Anger j indignation. Hooker. State of disgrace'; 
state of being discountenanced; disfavour. Peach- 
am. 

To DISPLEASURE, dls-plezh'-ure. v. a. To dis- 
please. Bacon. Ob. J. 

DISPLICENCE*, dls'-ple-sense. n. s. [displicentia, 
Lat.] Discontent ; dislike. W. Mountague. 

To DISPLO'DE $, dis-plode'. v, a. [displodo, Lat.] 
To disperse with a loud noise ; to vent with vio- 
lence. Milton. 

DISPLOSION, dls-plc-'-zhun 
ploding. Young. 

DISPLUMED*, dJs-plimd'. 
Stripped of feathers. Burke. 

To DISPO'NGE*. See To Dispunge. 

DISPORT §, dfs-p6rt'. n. s. [deport, old Fr.] Play; 
sport; pastime. Spenser. 

To DISPORT, dls-port'. v. a. To divert. Sir T. 
Elyct. 

To DISPO'RT, dls-port'. v. n. To play; to toy; to 
wanton. Milton. 

DISPOSABLE*, dis-p^-za-bl. a. Capable of being 
employed to any particular purpose. 

DISPOSAL, dls-po'-zal. n.s. The act of disposing 
or regulating any thing ; regulation. Milton. The 
power of distribution ; the right of bestowing. At- 
terbury. Government ; management ; conduct. 
Locke. Establishment in a new state ; dismission 
into new hands. Taller. 

To DISPOSER dis-poze'. v. a. [disposer, Fr.] To 
employ to various purposes ; to diffuse. Prior. To 
give; to place; to bestow. SJiak. To turn to any 
particular end. Dryden. To adapt ; to form for 
any purpose. Spenser. To frame the mind; to in- 
cline. Bacon. To make fit. Locke. To regulate ; 
to adjust. Dryden. — To dispose of. To apply to 
any purpose. Locke. To put into the hands of 
another. Shakspeare. To give away by authority. 
Waller. To direct. To conduct; to behave. Ba- 
con. To place in any condition. Dryden. To put 
away by any means. Burnet. 

To DISPOSE, d]s-p6ze / . v. n. To bargain ; to make 
terms. Snakspeare. 

DISPOSE, dis-poze'. n.s. Power; management; 
disposal. Shakspeare. Distribution; act of govern- 
ment ; dispensation. Milton. Disposition ; cast of 
behaviour, Shak. Disposition; cast of mind; in- 
clination, Shakspeare. 

DISPOSER, dls-p&'-zfir. 98. n.s. Distributer; 
giver ; bestower. Graunt. Govemour ; director. 
Boyle. One who take's from, and gives to, whom 
he pleases. Prior. 

DISPOSING*, dls-po'-zhig. n. s. Direction. Prov. 
DISPOSITION, dls-p6-zlsh / -im. n.s. Order; meth- 
od ; distribution. Hooker. Natural fitness; quality. 
Newton. Tendency to any act or state. Bacon. 
Temper of mind. Sluik. Affection of kindness or 
ill-will. Swift. Predominant inclination. Sluik. 
Assortment adjustment of external circumstances. 
Sliakspeare. 
DISPOSITIVE, d!s-p&z'-e-tlv. a. That which im- 
plies disposal of any prooerty ; decretive. Ayliffe. 
Inclinable. Bp. Taylor 



DISPOSITP7ELY, dfs- P 6z'-e-fiv-le. ad. In a dis- 

positive manner. Respecting individuals : distribu 

tively. Brown. 
DISPOSITOR, d?s- P (V-e-tfir. n.s. The lord of 

that sign in which the planet is, and by which 

therefore it is over-ruled. 
To DISPOSSESS §, dis-p&z-zeV. v. a. [dis and. 

possess.] To put out of possession ; to deprive ; to 

OISSGIZG $7)€7lSP?' t 

DISPOSSESSION*, dls-p6z-z§sh'-fin. n. s. Putting 

out of possession. Bp. Hall. 
DISPOSURE, dfs-poz-zhure. n. s. Disposal ; gov- 
ernment; power; management. Sandys. State; 

posture. Wotton. 
DISPRAISE §, dis-praze'. 7*. s. [dis and praise.] 

Blame; censure; dishonour. Sir T. Elyot. 
To DISPRAISE, dis-praze'. v. a. To blame; to 

censure. Shakspeare. 
DISPRAISER, dls-pra'-zur. 98. n.s. Acensurer; 

one who blames. Diet. 
DISPRAISIBLE, dls-pra'-ze-bl. a. Unworthy of 

commendation. Diet. 
DISPRA'ISINGLY, dis-pra'-zlng-le. ad. With 

blame ; with censure. Shakspeare. 
To DISPREA'D §, dls-sprgd'. v. a. [dis and spread.] 

To spread different ways. — In this word, and a few 

others, dis means different ways j in different di 

rections. Spenser. 
To DISPREA'D*, d?s-spred'. v. n. To extend or ex 

pand itself. Thomson.. 
DISPREA'DER, dls-spred'-ur. n. s. A publisher ; a 

divulger. Milton. 
To DISPRI'ZE* dls-prlze'. v. a. To undervalue ; 

to set in lower estimation. Cotton. 
To DISPROFESS*, dls-pro-fes'. v. a. To abandon 

the profession of. Spenser. 
DISPRO'FIT, dls-prof-flt. n.s. [dis and profit] 

Loss; damage; detriment. Fox. 
DISPRO'OF, dis-prSSF. n.s. [dis and proof] Con 

futation. Atterbury. 
To DISPRO'PERTY, dis-prop'-Sr-te. v. a. [dis and 

property.] To dispossess of any property. Shak. 
DISPROPORTION §, dis-pr6-p6r'-shun. n. s. [dis 

and proportion.] Unsuitableness in form or quan- 
tity of one thing, or one part of the same thing, 

to another ; want of symmetry ; disparit}^. Shak. 
To DISPROPORTION, d?s-pr6-p6r'-shun. v. a 

To mismatch ; to join unfitly. Shakspeare. 
DISPROPORTIONABLE,dls-pr6-p6r'-shun-a-bl. 

a. Unsuitable in form or quantity. Suckling. 
DISPROPORTIONABLENESS, dis-pr6- P 6r'- 

shun-a-bl-n£s. n. s. Unsuitableness to something 

else. 
DISPROPORTIONABLY, dfs-pr6-p6r^shan-a 

ble. ad. Unsuitably; not 



symmetrically. Tillotson 
dls-pr6-p6r'-shun-al. a. . 



DISPROPORTION AL, 

Disproportionable. Locke. 

DISPROPORTIONA'LITY*,dls-pr6-p6r-shun-al' 
e-te. n.s. Unsuitableness in bulk or form. More. 

DISPROPORTIONALLY,dls-pr6-p6r'-shun-al-lc. 
ad. Unsuitably with respect to quantity or value. 

DISPROPORTIONATE, dis-pr6-por'-shun-6.te 
91. a. Unsymmetrical ; unsuitable ; either in bulk, 
form, or value. Ray. 

DISPROPORTIONATELY, d?s-pr6-p6r'-shun- 
ate-le. ad. Unsuitably ; unsymmetrical ly. Brown. 

DISPROPORTIONATENESS^s-pre-por'-shun- 
ate-n^s. n. s. Unsuitableness in bulk, form, or value. 
More. 

To DISPROVE §, dls-proove'. v. a. [dis and prove.] 
To confute an assertion. Hooker. To convict a 
practice of errour. Hooker. To disapprove ; to 
disallow. Hooker. 

DISPRO'VER, dls-pr66'-vur. 98. n. s. One that dis- 
proves or confutes. One that blames ; a censurer. 
Wotton. 

To DISPU'NGE*, dls-punje'. v. a. [dispungo, Lat.] 
To expunge ; to rase out. Sir H. Wotton. To dis- 
charge, as a saturated sponge, when squeezed. 
[dis and sponge.] Shakspeare. 

DISPUNISHABLE, dls-pfin'-lsh-a-bl. a. [dis and 
punishable.] Without penal restraint. Swift. 
300 



M 



■■ 



DIS 



DIS 



— n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6tl 5 — pound ; — thin, this. 



To DISPU RSE, dfe-p&rse'. u. a, [dis and purse.] 
To pay ; to disburse. Skakspeare. 

To D1SPURVE Y §*, effs-pftr-vi'. v. a. [dispovrvoir, 
old Fr.l To deprive ; to unprovide. Barret. 

DISPURVE'YANCE*, dfe-pftr-vk'-anse. n. s. [dis 
av.d pnnn/ance.] Want of provisions. Spenser. 

DISPUTABLE, dls'-pu-ta-bl. or dis-piV-ta-bl. a. 
Liable to contest; controvertible. South. Lawful 
to be contested. Swift. Fond of disputation. Shak. 

$5* Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, 
Mr. Smith, Perry, and Bailey, are for the second pro- 
nunciation of this word ; and Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, 
Buchanan, and Entick, for the first ; and this, not- 
withstanding the majority of suffrages against it, is, in 
my opinion, decidedly most agreeable to the best usage. 
It were undoubtedly to be wished that words of this 
form preserved the accent of the verb to which they 
correspond ; but this correspondence we find entirely 
set aside in lamentable, comparable, admirable, and 
many others, with which disputable must certainly 
class. Mr. Scott gives both modes of accenting this 
word ; but, by his placing the word with the accent on 
the first syllable first, we may presume he prefers this 
pronunciation. — See Indisputable. W. 

DISPUTACITY* dis-pu-tas'-e-te. n.s. Proneness 

to dispute. Bp. Ward. 
DI'SPUTANT, dis'-pu-tant. 503. n. s. A controver- 

tislj an argxier; areasoner. Sandys. 
DI'SPUTANT, dSs'-pu-tant. a. Disputing; engaged 

in controversy. Milton. Oh. J. 
DISPUTATION, dls-pu-ta'-shun. n. s. The skill 

of controversy ; argumentation. Locke. Contro- 
versy; argumental contest. Sidney. 
DISPUTATIOUS, dfs-pu-ta'-shus. a. Inclined to 

dispute ; cavilling. Addison. 
DISPU'TATIVE, dls-pu'-ta-tlv. 512. a. Disposed 

to debate ; argumentative. Bp. Taylor. 
To DISPUTE'S, dls-pute'. v. n. [disputo, Lat.] To 

contend bv argument ; to debate. Decay of Piety. 
To DISPUTE, dls-pute'. v. a. To contend for, 

whether by words or action. Hooker. To question ; 

to reason" about. Drydtn. To discuss; to think 

on. Shakspeare. 
DISPUTE, dls-pute'. n. s. Contest ; controversy. 

Lorkr. 

DISPUTELESS, dls-pute'-les. a. Undisputed; un- 
controvertible. Diet. 

DISPUTER, dfs-pu'-t&r. n. s. A controvertist ; one 
Cfiven to argument and opposition. Stilling fleet. 

DISPUTING*, dls-piV-dng. n.s. Disputation; al- 
tercation. Phil. ii. 14. 

DISQUALIFICATION, d?s-kw6l-e-fe-ka'-shun. 
r.. s. That which disqualifies; that which makes 
unfit. Spectator. 

To DISQUALIFY §, d?s-kw6l'-e-fl. v. a. [dis and 
qualify.] To make unfit; to disable by some natu- 
ral or legal impediment. Ay life. To deprive of 
a right or claim by some positive restriction ; to 
disable ; to except from any grant. Swift. 

To DISQUA'NTITY, dls-kwftn'-ie-te. v.u. [dis 
and quantity.] To lessen; to diminish. Shak. Ob. J. 

DISQUPET §, d?s-kwl'-et. ». s. [dis and quiet.] Un- 
easiness; restlessness; want of tranquillity ; vexa- 
tion ; anxiety. Tillotson. 

DISQUPET, dfe-kwl'-et. a. Unquiet; uneasy ; rest- 
less. Shakspeare. 

To DISQUPET, dls-kwl'-et. v. a. To disturb ; to 
make uneasy; to harass. Spenser. 

DISQUTETER, dls-kwi'-et-Qr. n. s. A disturber; a 
harasser. Hammond. 

DISQUFETFUL*, dls-kwl'-et-ful. a. Producing 
uneasiness or vexation. Barrow. 

DISQUI'ETING*, d?s-kwl'-et-fng. n.s. Vexation; 
disturbance. Wisdom. 

DISQUFETLY, dls-kwl'-et-le. ad. Without rest; 
anxiously; uneasily. Shakspeare. 

DISQUFETNESS, d?s-kwl'-et-nes. n. s. Uneasi- 
ness; restlessness. Spenser. 

DISQUI'ETOUS* d?s-kwl'-et-us. a. Causing dis- 
quiet. Milton. 

DISQUFETUDEjdis-kwKe-tude. n.s. Uneasiness; 
anxietv; disturbance. Addison. 

DISQUISITION, dls-kwe-zfsh'-fin. n. s. {disqum- 



[dis and rank. ] To 
To put out of the 



tio, Lat.] Examination; disputative inquiry. 
Brown. 

To DISRA'NK, dlz-rank'. v. a 
degrade from his rank. Diet. To put 
rank ; to throw i ',to confusion. Decker. 

DISREGA'RD$, d?s-re-gard'. n.s. [dis and re* 
gard.] Slight notice ; neglect ; contempt. Mason 

To DlSREGA'RD, dls-re-gard'. v. a. To slight ; to 
neglect ; to contemn. Sprat. 

D1SREGA RDER*, dls-re-glrd'-fir. n. s. One who 
slights or contemns a thing. Boyle. 

DISREGA'RDFUL, d?s-re-gard'-f&l. a. Negligent 
contemptuous. 

DISREGA'RDFULLY, d?s-re-gard'-ful-le. mi. 
Negligently ; contemptuously. 

DISllE'LISH,dIz-rel'-fsh. 435. n.s. [dis and relish.} 
Bad taste; nauseousness. Milton,. Dislike of the 
palate ; squeamishness. Bp. Hall. 

To DISRELISH, diz-rel'-lsh. v. a. To make nau- 
seous ; to infect with an unpleasant taste. Milton. 
To want a taste of; to dislike. Milton. 

DISRE'PUTABLE*, diz-rep'-u-ta-bl. a. Not cred- 
itable. Bp. Watson. 

DISREPUTATION, d?s-rep-u-ta'-shun. n. s. Dis- 
grace ; dishonour. Bacon. Loss of reputation ; ig- 
nominy. Hay-ward. 

DISREPUTE 9j dls-re-pute'. n. s. [dis and repute.} 
Ill character; dishonour; want of reputation. Smith. 

To DISREPUTE*, dls-re-pute'. v. a. To bring 
into disgrace ; to disregard. Mountagu. 

DISRESPECT §, dls-re-spekt'. n.s. [dis and re- 
spect.] Incivility; want of reverence; an act ap- 
proaching to rudeness. Clarendon. 

To DISRESPE'CT*, dls-re-spekt'. v. a. To show 
disrespect to. Sir H. Wotton.. 

DISRESPECTFUL, dls-re-spekt'-ful. a. Irreve- 
rent; uncivil. 

DISRESPECTFULLY, dls-re-spekt'-ful-le. ad. Ir- 
reverently ; uncivilly. Addison. 

To DISRO'BE §, dlz-robe'. 435. v. a. [dis and robe.} 
To undress ; to uncover ; to strip. Spenser. 

DISRO'BER* dlz-ro'-bur. n. s. One who strips off 
a garment. Gay ton. 

DISRUPTION, dlz-rftp'-shun. 455. n. s. [disrupt^ 
Lat.] The act of breaking asunder. Bp. Hall 
Breach; rent; dilaceration. vVoodward. 

DISSATISFACTION, dls-sat-ls-f ak'-shfin. n. s. [dis 
and satisfaction.] The state of being dissatisfied ; 
discontent. Addison. 

DISSATISFACTORINESS, dls-sat-fs-fak'-tur-e- 
n£s. n. s. Inability to give content. 

DISSATISFACTORY §, dls-sat-ls-fak'-tfir-e. a. 

Unable to give content. 
To DISSATISFY, - dls-sat'-Is-fl. v. a. [dis and satis- 
fy.] To discontent ; to displease. Collier. To fail 
to please. Locke. 
To DISSEAT* dls-sete'. i». a. [dis and seat.] To 

put out of a seat. Shakspeare. 
To DISSECT $, dls-sekt'. 424. v. a. [disseco, Lat.7 
To cut in pieces. It is used chiefly of anatomical 
inquiries. Roscommon. To divide and examine 
minutely. Atlerbury. 

DISSECTION, drs-sek'-shfin. n.s. The act ofseprr- 
rating the parts of animal bodies; anatomy. Addi- 
son. Nice examination. Granville. 
DISSECTOR*, dls-sek'-tur. n.s. One who dissects ; 

an anatomist. Greenhill. 
DISSEISIN, dls-se'-zfn. n. s. An unlawful dispos- 
sessing a man of his land, tenement, or other im- 
movable or incorporeal right. Selden. 
To DISSE'IZE§, dts-seze'. v. a. [dissaiser, Fr.] To 

dispossess ; to deprive. Spenser. 
DISSEIZOR, dls-se'-z&r. 166. n. s. He that dispos- 
sesses another. Selden. 
DISSEMBLANCE*, dls-sem'-blanse. n. s. Want of 

resemblance ; dissimilitude. Osborne. 
To DISSE'MBLES, dls-s&n'-bl. v. a. [dissimtdo, 
Lat.] To hide under false appearance ; to pretend 
that not to be which really is. Hayward. To pre- 
tend that to be which is not. Shalcspeare. 
To DISSE'MBLE, dls-sem'-bl. v.n. To play the 
hypocrite ; to use false professions ; to wheedle. Jer. 
301 



DIS 



DIS 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mel;— pine, p?n 



DISSE'MBLER, dls-sem'-bl&r. n. s. A hypocrite ; 
a mail who conceals his true disposition. Shak. One 
who pretends that not to be which really is. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. One who feigns what he does 
not feel or think. Milton. 
DISSE'MBLING* dls-sem'-blfng. n. s. Dissimula- 
tion} fallacious appearance. Bp. Taylor. 
DISSE'MBLINGLY, dls-sem'-blmg-Je. ad. With 

dissimulation; hypocritically. Bp.Taylor. 
To DISSEMINATES, dfs-sem'-e-nate. v. a. [dis- 
semino, Lat.] To scatter as seed ; to sow ; to spread 
every way. Hammond. 
DISSEMINATION, dls-sem-e-na'-shfin. n.s. Scat- 
tering- like seed ; sowing - or spreading. Brown. 
DlSSEiMIN ATOR, dis-sem'-e-na-tur. 521. n. s. He 
that scatters; a sower; a spreader. Decay of Piety. 
DISSE'NSION^dis-seV-shun. n.s. [dissensio, Lat.] 

Disagreement; strife; contention; quarrel. Shak. 
DISSENSIOUS, dls-seV-shus. a. Disposed to dis- 
cord ; quarrelsome. Ascham. 
To DISSE'NTy, dfe-sent'. v.n. [dissentio, Lat.] To 
disagree in opinion. Addison. To differ; to be of 
a contrary nature. Hooker. To differ from the es- 
tablished church. Hudibras. 
DISSE'NT, d'is-sent 7 . n. s. Disagreement ; declara- 
tion cf difference of opinion. Locke. Contrariety 
of nature*; opposite quality. Bacon. 
DISSENTANEOUS, djs-sen-ta/-ne-&s. a. Disagree- 
able ; contrary. Rkaid. 
DFSSENTANY*, dfs'-sen-ta-ne. a. Dissentaneous ; 

inconsistent. Milton. 
DISSE'NTER, dls-sen'-tur. 98. n. s. One that disa- 
grees from an opinion. W. Mountagu. One who, 
lor whatever reasons, refuses the communion of the 
English church. Welwood. 
DISSE'NTIENTf, dls-sen'-shent. a. Declaring dis- 
sent. 
DISSE'NTING* dls-sent'-ing. n.s. Declaration of 

difference of opinion. K. Charles. 
DISSE'NTIOUS*. See Dissensious. 
To DISSE'RTy* dis-sert'. v. n. [disserto, Lat.] To 

discourse ; to dispute. Hanis. 
DISSERTATION, dls-ser-uV-shun. n.s. A dis- 
course; a disquisition; a treatise. Broome. 
DFSSERTATOR* dfs'-ser-ta-tur. n. s. One who 

discourses or debates. Boyle. 
To DISSE'RVEy, dis-seiV. 424. v. a. [deservir, old 
Fr.] To do injury to; to mischief; to hurt. Claren- 
don. 
DISSERVICE, dis-seV-vk n.s. Injury ; mischief. 

Brown. 
DISSE'RVICE ABLE, dfs-ser'-vls-a-bl.a. Injurious; 

mischievous ; hurtful. 
DISSE'RVICEABLENESS, dls-seV-vls-a-bl-nes. 

n. s. Injury ; harm ; hurt. Norris. 
To DISSE'TTLE, dfs-set'-tl. 405. v. a. To unsettle ; 

to unfix. More. 
To DISSEVERS, dfs-seV-ar. v. a. [dessevere,*, old 
Fr.] To part in two; to break; to divide; to sun- 
der. Sidney. 
DISSEVERANCE*, d?s-seV-er-anse. n. 

tion. Hoccleve. Ob. T. 
DISSEVERING*, dls-seV-er-fng. n. s. Separation 

Raleigh. & ' 

DFSSIDENCEy, dV-se-dense. n. s. {dissideo, Lat.] 

Discord ; disagreement.^ Diet. 
DFSSIDENT*, dis'-se-dent. a. Varying; not agree- 
ing. Robinson. 
DISSIDENTS*, dls'-se-dentz. n.s. A name applied 
to those of the Lutheran, Calvinistick, and Greek 
profession in Poland. Guthrie. 
DISSILffiNCEy, dls-sll'-yense. 113. n.s. [dissilio, 

Lat.J The act of starting asunder. 
DISSFLIENT, dls-sll'-yent. a. Starting asunder. 
DISSILFTION, dis-sll-Jsh'-un. n. s. Bursting in two; 

starting different wavs. Boyle. 
DISSFMILAR §, dls-sV-e-lur. 88. a. [dis and simi- 
lar.'] Unlike ; heterogeneous. Boyle. 
DISSIMILARITY, dis-s?m-e-lar'-e-te. n. s. Unlike- 

ness; dissimilitude. Cheyne. 
DISSFMILE*, dfs-sW-e-le. n. s. A dissimilitude ; a 
comparison with, and illustration by, contraries. 



DISSIMILITUDE, dls-sfm-mil'-e-tude. n. s. Un- 
likeness; want of resemblance. Hooker. Compar- 
ison by contraries. Instructions of Oratory. 
DISSIMULATION §, dis-sim-u-la'-shun. n. s. [dis- 
simulatio, Lat.] The act of dissembling; hypocrisy. 
Bacon. 
To DISSFMULE* dls-smV-mule. v. a. To dissem- 
ble. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 
DFSSIPABLE, dis'-se-pa-bl. a. Easily scattered; 

liable to dispersion. Bacon. 
To DISSIPATES, diY-se-pate. 91. v. a. [dissipaius, 
Lat.] To scatter every way ; to disperse. Bp. Tay- 
lor. To scatter the attention. Savage. To spend 
a fortune. London. 
DISSIPATION, d'is-se-pa'-slnm. n.s. The act of 
dispersion. Bacon. The state of being dispersed 
Scattered attention. Swift. 
DISSOCIABLE*, dfs-so'-she-a-bl. a. Not to be 

brought to good fellowship. Burton. 
To DISSOCIATES, d?s-s6'-she-ate. v. a. [dissocic, 

Lat.] To separate ; to disunite. Boyle. 
DISSOCIATION* dis^-she-a'-shun. n. s. Separa- 
tion; division. Howell. 
DISSOLUBLE, dls / -s6-lu-bl. a. Capable of separa- 
tion by heat or moisture. Sir T. Broun. 
$3= The accent is invariably placed on the first syllable 
of this word, as it comes from the Latin dissolubilis, 
which seems to confirm the observations on the word 
incomparable. Dissolvable is a compound of our own, 
and therefore retains the accent of the verb from which 
it is formed, 501. — See Academy, Disputable, and 
Resoluble. W. 
DISSOLUBILITY, dis-sol-lu-WF-e-te. n. s. Liable- 

ness to suffer a disunion of parts. Hale. 
DFSSOLUTEy, dls'-so-lute. a. [dissolutus, Lat.] 
Loose ; wanton ; unrestrained ; dissolved in pleas- 
ures ; luxurious ; debauched. Spenser'. 
DFSSOLUTELY, dls'-so-lute-le. ad. Loosely; in 

debauchery ; without restraint. Wisdom. 
DFSSOLUTENESS, dls / -s6-lule-nes. n. s. Loose- 
ness : laxity of manners ; debauchery. Locke. 
DISSOLUTION, dfe-sc-hV-shun. n. s. The act of 
liquefying by heat or moisture. The state of being 
liquefied. The state of melting away ; liquefaction. 
Shak. Destruction of any thing by separation of 
parts. South. The substance formed by dissolving 
any body. Bacon. Death. Raleigh. Destruction. 
Hooker/ Breach or ruin of any thing compacted 
or united. Smth. The act of breaking up an as- 
sembly. B. Jonson. Looseness of manners ; laxity ; 
dissipation. Harmar. 
DISSOLVABLE, diz-zol'-va-bl. a. Capable of dis- 
solution ; liable to be melted. Mare. 
To DISSOLVE y , diz-z&lv'. 424. v. a. [dissolvo, Lat.] 
To destroy the lbrm of any thing by disuniting the 
parts with heat or moisture ; to melt ; to liquefy. 
Woodward. To break; to disunite in any manner. 
2 Pet. To loose ; to break the lies. Fairfax. To 
separate persons united. Shak. To break up as- 
semblies. Bacon. To solve ; to clear. Daniel. To 
break an enchantment. Milton. To be relaxed by 
pleasure. Dryden. 
To DISSOLVE, dfz-zolv'. v.n. To be melted; to 
be liquefied. Bacon. To sink away; to fall to 
nothing. Shak. To melt away in pleasures. 
DISSOLVENT, diz-zol'-vent. a. Having the power 

of dissolving or melting. Ray. 
DISSOLVENT, dlz-zoP-vent. n. s. That which has 

the power of disuniting the parts. Arbuthnot. 
DISSOLVER, diz-zdl'-vfir. n.s. That which has 
the power of dissolving. Arbuthnot. One who 
solves or clears a difficulty. Danid. 
DISSOLVIBLE, diz-z&l'-vi-bl. a. Liable to perish 

by dissolution. Hale. 
$£f° If this word and its etymon must be written dissol- 
vible and solvible, and not dissolvable and solvable, be- 
cause solvo and its compounds in Latin are of the third 
conjugation, and form their personal and temporal vari- 
ations by assuming t, there is no reason why resolvable 
should be written with a, as it stands in Johnson, who, 
notwithstanding he writes dissolvible here with an i. 
yet, in his explanation of the etymology of indissolva- 
ble, tells us it is formed from in, and dissolvable with 
an a. W. 

302 



DIS 



DIS 



—116, mdve, n6r, niit ; — tube, tub, bill ;— fill ;— pdund ;— thin, THis. 



DISSONANCES dis'-so-nanse. n. *. [disaonam, 
Lat.] A mixture of harsh, unpleasing, unharmoni- 
ous sounds. Milton. 
DPSSONANCY* dls'-s6-nan-se. n. s. Discord ; dis- 
agreement. Bullokar. « 
DI'SSONANT, dis'-s6-nant. a. Harsh 5 unharmoni- 
ons. Beaumont and Fletclier. Incongruous ; disa- 
greeing. Robinson. 
To DISSUA'DE §, dis-swade'. 331. v. a. [dissuadeo, 
Lat.] To dehort ; to divert by reason or importu- 
nity. Sliak. To represent any thing as unfit or 
dangerous. Milton. 

DISSUADER, dls-swa'-dur. 98. n. s. He that dis- 
suades. Huloet. 

DISSUASION, dis-swa'-zlmn. 451. n. s. Urgency 
of reason or importunity against any thing 3 dehor- 
tation. Sandys. 

DISSUASIVE, dls-swa'-slv. 428. a. Dehortalory ; 
tending to divert or deter from any purpose. Con- 
greve. 

DISSUA'SIVE, dls-swa'-siv. n. s. Dehortation ; ar- 
gument employed to turn from any purpose. Gov- 
ernment of the Tongue. 

To DISSUNDER, dls-sun'-dur. v. a. [dis and sun- 
der.] To sunder 5 to separate. Chapman. 

To DISSWEE'TEN*, dls-swee'-ln. v. a. [dis and 
sweeten.] To deprive of sweetness. Bp. Richard- 
son. 

DISSYLLA'BICK*, dis-sil-lab'-lk. a. Consisting of 
two syllables. 

DISSYLLABLE Mis'-sil-la-bl. n. s. [Siccv\\afio S .] 
A word of two syllables. Dryden. 

DISTAFF, dls'-taf. n.s. plur. distaves. [bij-fcsej:, 
Sax.] The staff" from which the flax is drawn in 
spinning. Sidney. It is used as an emblem of the 
female sex. Howell. 

DISTAFF-THISTLE, dfs'-taf-^is'-sl. n.s. A species 
of thistle. 

To DISTATN §, dis-tiW. v. a. [destaindre, old Fr.] 
To stain ; to stain with an adventitious colour. 
Dryden.. To blot ; to sully with infamy. Spenser. 

DFSTANCE §, dls'-tanse. n.s. [distantia, Lat.] Space, 
considered barely in length, between any two be- 
ings. Locke. Remoteness in place. Addison. The 
space kept between two antagonists in fencing. 
Sliak. Contrariety ; opposition. Sliak. A space 
marked on the course where horses run. L 1 Estrange. 
Space of time. 2 Esdras. Remoteness in time 
either past or future. Tilloison. Ideal disjunction ; 
mental separation. Locke. Respect ; distant beha- 
viour. Dryden. Retraction of kindness 3 reserve 3 
alienation. Milton. 

To DFSTANCE, dls'-tanse. v. a. To place remotely ; 
to throw off from the view. Dryden-. To leave be- 
hind at a race. Gay. 

DFSTANT, dis'-tant. a. Remote in place. Milton. 
Remote in time. Remote to a certain degree. 
Reserved ; shy. Remote in nature ; not allied. 
Government of the Tongue. Not obvious ; not 
plain. Addison. 

DISTASTE §, dls-taste'. n. s. [dis and taste.] Aver- 
sion of the palate ; disrelish. Bacon. Dislike 5 un- 
easiness. Bacon. Anger 3 alienation of affection. 
Bacon. 

To DISTA'STE, dfs-taste'. v. a. To fill the mouth 
with nauseousness, or disrelish. Sha/c. To dislike; 
to loath. Sluxk. To offend 3 to disgust. Davies. To 
vex ; to exasperate 3 to sour. Bacon. To corrupt ; 
to make distasteful. Shakspeare. 

DISTA'STEFUL, dls-taste'-ful. a. Nauseous to the 
palate 3 disgusting. Gkmville. Offensive 3 unpleas- 
ing. Darbies. Malignant; malevolent. Shakspeare. 

DISTA'STEFULNESS*, dls-taste'-ful-nes. n. s. 
Dislike. E. of Bristol to K. Janves I. Disagreea- 
bleness. Whitlock. 

DISTA'STIVE*, dis-tase'-tfv. n. s. That which oc- 
casions aversion. Whitlock. 

DISTEMPERS, dis-tem'-pur. n.s. [dis and temper.] 
A disproportionate mixture of parts. A disease; a 
malady. South. Want of due temperature. Ra- 
leigh. Bad constitution of the mind. Sliak. Want 
ofdue balance between contraries. Bacon. Ill hu- 1 



mour of mind. K. Cliarks. Tumultuous disorder 
Waller. Disorder 3 uneasiness. Sliak. [In paint 
ing.] A term used, when colours are worked up 
with something besides mere water or oil. 

To DJSTE'MPER, dis-tem'-pur. v. a. To disease. 
Sliak. To disorder. Sliak. To disturb ; to ruffle. 
Dryden. To deprive of temper or moderation. 
Dn/den. To make disaffected, or malignant. Sliak. 

D1STE MPERANCE*, dis-tem'-pfir-anse. n.s. Dis- 
temperature. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. 

DISTE'MPERATE, dis-ten/-pur-ate. 91. a. Im- 
moderate. Raleigh. Diseased ; disordered. Whole 
Duty of Man. 

DISTE'MPERATURE, dls-tem'-pfir-a-tshure. «. s 
Intemperateness ; excess of heat or cold, or other 
qualities. Shak. Violent tumultuousness. Pertur 
bation of the mind. Shak. Confusion ; commixture 
of contrarieties. Shak. Indisposition ; slight illness. 
Brewer. 

To DISTEND §, dis-tend'. v. a. [distendo, Lat.} To 
stretch out in breadth. Wotton. 

DISTENSION*, dSs-ten'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
stretching. Bp. Hall. The state of things stretch- 
ed. Bibliolh. Bibl. 

DISTENT, dls-tent'. part. pass. Spread; extended 5 
swollen. Spenser. 

DISTENT, dls-tent'. n. s. Breadth. Wotton. 

DISTENTION, dfs-ten'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
stretching. Arbuthnot. Breadth; separating one 

f>art from another ; divarication. Wotton. 
STE'RMINATE$*, dls-uV-me-nate. a. [dister- 
minatus, Lat.l Divided ; separated by bounds. Bp. 
Hall. ^ 

DETERMINATION*, dls-ter-me-na'-shfin. n. s. 

Division ; separation. Hammond. 
To DISTE'R*, dls-ter'. v. a. [dis and terra, Lat.] To 
banish from a country. Howell. 

To DISTHRONIZE, d?s-^r6 / -nlze. v. a. [desthro- 
ner, old Fr.] To dethrone. Speriser. 

DFSTICH, dW-iik. 353. n.s. [distichm, Lat.] A 
couplet ; a couple of lines. Camden. 

To DISTIL $, dls-tfP. v. n. [distillo, Lat.] To drop; 
to fall by drops. Deut. To flow gently and silent 
ly. Raleigh. To use a still 3 to practise the act of 
distillation. Shakspeare. 

To DISTIL, dls-tll'. v. a. To let fall in drops. Job. 
To force by fire through the vessels of distillation, 
To draw by distillation. Boyle. To dissolve or 
melt. Addison. 

DISTFLLABLE* dfs-til'-la-bl. a. Fit to be distilled. 
Sherwood. 

DISTILLATION, dls-tfl-la/-sh3n. n. s. Dropping-, 
or falling in drops. Pouring out in drops. That 
which falls in drops. The act of distilling by fire. 
Newton. The substance drawn by the still. Shak, 

DISTILLATORY, dis-tll'-la-tur-e. 512. a. Beiongr- 
ingto distillation. Boyle. 

DISTILLER, dls-dlMftr. n. s. One who practises 
the art of distilling. Boyle. One who makes and 
sells pernicious and inflammatory spirits. 

DISTILLERY*, dis-tH'-le-re. n.s. The art of distill- 
ling spirits. The place where the distiller exposes 
his spirits for sale. 

DISTFLMENT, dis-t?l'-ment. n.s. That which is 
drawn by distillation. Shakspeare. 

DISTINCT $, dis-tlngkt'. 408. a. [distinct™, Lat.. 
Different 3 not the same in number or kind. Stit 
ling fleet. Different 3 separate. Clarendon. Clear j 
unconfused. Milton. Spotted 3 variegated. Milton. 
Marked out 3 specified. Milton. 

To DISTINCT*, dis-tiiigkt'. v. a. To distinguish. 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

DISTINCTION, dls-tfngk'-shun. n. s. ,The act of 
discerning one as preferable to the other. Shuk. 
Note of difference. Abp. Newcome. Honourable 

' note of superiority. 'Shenstone. That by which 
one differs from another. Locke. Difference re- 
garded ; preference or neglect in comparison. Dry- 
den. Separation of complex notions. Shak. Di- 
vision into different parts. Dryden. Discrimina* 
tion. Hooker. Discernment; judgement Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. 

303 





DIS DIS 


0*559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



DISTINCTIVE, dfs-tmgk'-t?v.a. That which marks | 
distinction or difference. Pope. Having the power j 
to distinguish and discern. Brawn. 
DISTINCTIVELY, dis-tingk'-tfv-le. ad. Particular- 
ly ; not confusedly. Mirror for Magistrates. 
DISTINCTLY, dls-tingkt'-le. ad. Not confusedly. 

Bacon. Plainly ; clearly. Dryden. 
DISTINCTNESS, dls-tlngkt'-ngs. n. s. Nice obser- 
vation of the difference between different things. 
Ray. Such separation of things as makes them 
easy to be separately observed. Dr. Warton. 
To DISTINGUISH §, dls-ting'-gwlsh. 340. v. a. 
[distinguo, Lat.] To note by the diversity of things. 
Hooker. To separate by some mark of honour or 
preference. Dryden. To divide by proper notes 
of diversity. Burnet. To know one from another 
by any note of difference. Shak. To discern criti- 
cally; to judge. Sliak. To constitute difference ; 
to specificate. Locke. To make known or emi- 
nent. 
To DISTINGUISH, dJs-tlng'-gwlsh. v. n. To make 

distinction. Child. 
DISTINGUISHABLE, d?s-tlng'-gw?sh-a-bl. a. Ca- 
pable of being distinguished. MUton. Worthy of 
note; worthyof regard. Swift. 
DISTINGUISHED, dls-ting'-gwisht. 359. part. a. 

Eminent; transcendent; extraordinary. Rogers. 
DISTINGUISHED dls-tfng'-gwlsh-Sr. n.s. A ju- 
dicious observer ; one that accurately discerns one 
thing from another. Dryden. He that separates 
one thing from another by marks of diversity. 
Brown. 
DISTINGUISHINGLY, dls-tlng-gw?sh-ing-le. ad. 

With distinction. Hammond. 
DISTINGUISHMENT, dls-tmg'-gwfsh-ment. n.s. 
Distinction; observation of difference. Shakspeare. 
Tg DISTFTLE* dfe-tl'-tl. v. a. [dis and title.] To 

deprive of right. B. Jonson. 
To DISTORT §, dls-tort'. v. a. [distortus, Lat.] To 
writhe ; to twist ; to deform by irregular motions. 
Swift. To put out of the true direction or posture. 
Milton. To wrest from the true meaning. Pea- 
cham. 
DISTORT* dls-tort'. a. Distorted. Spenser. 
DISTORTION, d?s-t6r / -sh6n. n. s. Irregular motion 
by which the face is writhed, or the parts disorder- 
ed. Prior. A wresting from the true meaning. 
Bp. Wren. 
ToDISTRA 7 CT§, dls-trakf. v. a. part. pass, dis- 
tracted ; anciently, distrauglit. [distractus, Lat.] To 
pull different ways at once. Brown. To separate ; 
to divide. Shak. To turn from a single direction 
towards various points. South. To fill the mind 
with contrary considerations ; to perplex ; to con- 
found. Spenser. To make mad. Shakspeare. 
DISTRA'CT*, d?s-trakt'. part. a. Mad. Drayton. 
DISTRACTEDLY, dls-trak'-ted-le-.V ad. Madly; 

frantickly. Shakspeare. 
DISTRA'CTEDNESS, dis-trak'-ted-nes. n.s. Mad- 
ness. Bp. Hall. 
DISTRA'OTER*, d?s-trak'-tur. n.s. That which 

draws aside, or perplexes. More. 
DISTRACTION, dis-trak'-shfin. n.s. Tendency to 
different parts ; separation. Shak. Confusion ; 
state in which the attention is called different 
ways. 1 Corinthians. Perturbation of mind. 
Brown. Madness. Shak. Disturbance; discord; 
difference of sentiments. Clarendon. 
DISTRA'CTIVE, dls-trak'-tiv. a. Causing perplexi- 
ty. Bp. Hall. 
To DISTRARV'R dls-trane'. v. a. [destraindre, Fr.] 
To seize ; to lay hold on as an indemnification for 
a debt. Slutkspeare. To rend ; to tear. Spenser. 
To DISTRAIN, dls-trane'. v. n. To make seizure. 

Camden. 
DISTRATNER, dls-tra'-nfir. 98. n.s. He that seizes. 
DISTRAINT, dls-trant'. n. s. Seizure. Diet. 
DISTRAUGHT, d?s-trawt'. part. a. Distracted. 

Camden. See To Distract. 
To DISTREA'M*, dls-treem'. v. n. To flow. Shen- 

stone. 
DISTRESS §, dls-treV. n. s. [destresse, Fr.] The act 



of making a legal seizure. Spenser. A compul- 
sion, by which a man is assured to appear in court, 
or to pay a debt. Cowel. The thing seized by law. 
Calamity; misery; misfortune. Luke. 
To DISTRESS, dls-treV. v. a. To prosecute bylaw 
to a seizure. To harass ; to make miserable. Deut. 
DISTRESSEDNESS*, dis-treV-sed-nes. n. s. The 

state of being distressed. Scott. 
DISTRESSFUL, d?s-tres'-f&l. a. Miserable ; full of 

trouble. Shak. Attended with poverty. Shak. 
DISTRESSFULLY*, d?s-lres'-ful-le. ad. In a mis- 
erable manner. Johnson. 
DISTRESSING*, dls-treV-smg. a. Harassing ; af- 
flicting. Ash. 
To DISTRIBUTER dis-trlb'-ute. v. a. [distribuo, 
Lat.] To divide amongst more than two ; to deal 
out. Spenser. 
DiSTRFBUTER, d?s-triiy-u-t&r. n.s. One who 

deals out any thing. More. 
DISTRIBUTION, dls-tre-bu'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
dealing out to others ; dispensation. Bacon. Act 
of giving in charity. Atterbury. 
DISTRIBUTIVE, dis-truy-u-tfv. a. That which is 
employed in assigning to others their portions ; that 
which allots to each his claim. Sir T. Elyot. 
That which assigns the various species of a gen- 
eral term. Mede. 
DISTRFBUTIVELY, dls-trnV-u-tlv-le. ad. By dis- 
tribution. Singly ; particularly. Hooker. 
DISTRFBUTIVENESS*, dis-trib'-u-tlv-nes. n. s. 

Desire of distributing. Fell. 
DISTRICT, dSs'-trlkt. n. s. [districts, Lat.] The 
circuit or territory within which a man may be 
compelled to appearance. Cowel. Circuit of au- 
thority ; province. Addison. Region ; country ; 
territory. Blackmore. 
DISTRFCTION, dls-trlk'-shmi. n. s. Sudden dis- 
play. Collier. 
To DISTRUST §, dls-trfist'. v. a. [dis and trust.] 
To regard with diffidence ; not to trust. Wisdom. 
DISTRUST, dis-trftst'. n. s. Discredit ; lossof credit. 
Milton. Suspicion ; want of faith ; want of confi- 
dence in another. Diijden. 
DISTRUSTFUL, dls-trusf-f&l. a. Apt to distrust ; 
suspicious. Beaumont and Fletcher. Not confident ; 
diffident. Raleigh. Diffident of himself ; modest; 
timorous. Pope. 
DISTRUSTFULLY, dls-trust'-ful-le. ad. In a dis- 
trustful manner. Herbert. 
DISTRUSTFULNESS, dis-trfist'-fal-nes. n. s. 

Want of confidence. Knight. 
DISTRUSTING*, dis-trust"-mg. n.s. Want of con 

fidenee. Bp. Taylor. 
DISTRUSTLESS* dis-tr&st'-les. a. Without sus- 
picion or distrust. Shenstone. 
To DISTUNE*, dls-time'. v. a. [dis and tune.] To- 

disorder ; to untune. Sir H Wotton. 
To DISTURB §, dls-tfirb'. v. a. [disturbo, low Lat.] 
To perplex; to disquiet; to deprive of tranquillity 
Collier. To confound. To interrupt; to hinder. 
To turn off from any direction. Milton. 
DISTURB, dis-t&rb'. n. s. Confusion ; tumultuary 

emotion. Milton.. 
DISTURBANCE, dis-tfir'-banse. n.s. Perplexity; 
interruption of a settled state. Locke. Confusion ; 
disorder of thoughts. Watts. Tumult ; violation 
of peace. Milton. 
DISTURBER, d?s-tar / -bfir. n.s. A violator of 
peace ; he that causes tumults and publick disor- 
ders. Hooker. He that injures tranquillity; he 
that causes perturbation of mind. Shakspeare. 
To DISTURN, dls-torn'. v. a. [dis and turn.] To 

turn off; to turn aside. Daniel. Ob. J. 
DISUNIFORM* dfs-u'-ne-form. a. [dis and uni- 
form.] Not uniform. Coventry. 
DISUNION, dls-u / -ne-&n.rc.s. [dis and union.] Sep- 
aration ; disjunction. Glanville. Breach of concord. 

OCT Some curious inspector may, perhaps, wonder why I 
have given disunion, disuse, ice. the pure s, and not the 
z, since I have laid it down as a general rule, under the 
prepositive particle dis, that the *' immediately before 
the accent, when a vowel begins the next syllable, ia 
304 



^KM 



— 



DIU 



DTV 



— n6, move, n6r, not ;— tftbc, mb, bull ;— oil ;— p6und ;— rViin, THi 



always flat ; but it must be remembered, that long u in 
these words is not a pure vowel, 8 ; not that I think the 
i, in this case, would be palpably wrong; for, though 
long u may be called a semi-consonant, it is sufficiently 
vocal to make the s, or i, sound, in these words, perfect- 
ly indifferent— See Dis. W. 

To DISUNITED dls-u-nlte'. v. a. [dis and unit,-.] 

To separate ; to divide. Pope. To part friends or 
allies. 
To DISUNITE, dis-u-nke'. v.n. To fall asunder ; to 

become separate. South. 
DISUNITER*. dJs-u-nl'-tor. n. s. The person or 

cause that breaks concord. Johnson. 
DISUNITY, d?s-u'-ne-te. n.s. A stale of actual 

separation. More. 
DISU'SAGE, dls-iY-zaje. 90. n.s. [desusage, old 

Fr.] The gradual cessation of use or custom. 

Hooker. 
DISU SE§, dis-use'. 437. n. s. [dis and use.] Cessa- 
tion of use; desuetude. Addison. Cessation of 

custom. Arbuthnot. 
To DISU'SE, dls-uze'. v. a. To cease to make use 

of. Dry den. To disaccustom. Donne. 
DIS VALUATION, diz-val-u-a'-shun. n. s. Dis- 
grace ; diminution of reputation. Bacon. 
To D1SVA'LUE$, diz-val'-u. v. a. [dis and value.) 

To undervalue. Shakspeare. 
DISYA'LUE*, diz-val'-u. n.s. Disregard; disgrace. 

B. Jonson. 
To DISVE'LOPE, dis-vel -up. v. a. [developer, Fr.] 

To uncover. To display. Did. 
To DIS VOUCH, dis-vdu'tsh'. r. a. [dis and vouch.] 

To destrov the credit of; to contradict. Shakspeare. 
To DISWi'RN* dis- warn', v. a. [dis and warn.] 

To direct bv previous notice. L. Keeper Williams. 
DISWITTED, dis-wit'-tgd. a. [dis and icit.] Mad ; 

distracted. Drayton. Ob. J. 
To DISWO'NT*, dis-wunt'. v. a. [dis and wont.] 

To deprive of accustomed usage. Bp. Hall. 
DISWO'RSHIP* dis-w&r'-ship. n. s. [dis and wor- 
ship.] Cause of disgrace. Barret. 
DIT, dit. n. s. [dicht, Dutch.] A ditty ; a poem ; a 

tune. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To DIT v s *, dlt. v..a. [by- can, Sax.] To close up. 

More. 
DIT A TION, de-ta'-shftn. n. s. [ditatus, Lat/j The 

act of enriching. Bp. Hall. 
DITCH ^, dltsh. n. s. [bic, Sax.] A trench cut in the 

ground usually between fields. Arbathnot. Any 

long, narrow 'receptacle of water. Bacon. The 

moat with which a fortress is surrounded. Knolles. 

Ditch is used, in composition, of any thing worth- 
less, or throws away into ditches. Shakspeare. 
To DITCH, dltsh. v. n. To make a ditch. Swift. 
To DITCH*, dltsh. r. a. To surround with a ditch or 

moat. Barret. 
DITCH-DELIVERED.dltsh'-de-llv'-e'rd. a. Brought 

forth in a ditch. Sliakspeare. 
DITCHER, ditsh'-ur. n.s. One who digs ditches. 

Shakspeare. 
DITHYRAMBS, dfa/i'-e-ram. n.s. [dilhyrambus, 

Lat.l A song in honour of Bacchus. Benfley. 
DITHYRA'JVIBICK, dWi-e-ram'-blk. n. s. A song 

in honour of Bacchus. Roscommon. Any poem 

written with wildness and enthusiasm. Walsh. 
DITHYRA'MBICK, dfc/i-e-ram'-blk. a. Wild ; en- 

thusiastick. Cowley. 
DITION* dfsh'-un. n.s. [ditio, Lat.] Dominion. 

Evelyn. 
DITTA'NDER, dft-tan'-dor. n.s. The same with 

pepperwort. 
DITTANY, dit'-ti-ne. n. s. [dictamnus, Lat.] An 

herb. Miller. 
DITTIED,dit'-tid. 282. a. Sung; adapted to musick. 
DITTO*, dit'-to. ad. [detto. Ital.] A word, in the 

accounts of tradesmen, signifying the same. 
DITTY §, dit'-t£.n & [dicht. Dutch.] A poem to be 

sung ; a song. Hooicer. 
DIURETICK, dl-u-reY-?k. a. [fatptfriatt.] Having 

the po« er to provoke urine Young. 
DIURETICK, dl-n-ret'-lk. fc. s. Drugs that promote 

urino Arbutlnwt. 



DIU'RNAM, dl-ur / -nal. 116. a. [dutrrws, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the day. Brown. Constituting the day. 
Prior. Dailv ; quotidian. Milton. 

DIU'RNAL, dl-ur'-nal. n.s. A journal ; a day-book. 
Toiler. 

DIU'RNALIST*, dl-ur'-nal-Ist. n. s. A journalist. 
Bp. Hall. 

DIURNALLY, dl-fiW-nal-le. ad. Daily; every dav. 
Toiler. 

DIUTU'RNAL$*, di-u-tar'-nal. a. [diutw-nus, Lat.] 
Lasting ; of long continuance. Milton. 

DIUTURNITY, dl-u-uV-ne-te. b. s. Length of du- 
ration. Broun. 

DIVA'N, de-van'. 124. n.s. [An Arabick or Turkish 
word.] The council of the Oriental princes. Any 
council assembled : used commonly in a sense of 
dislike. Milton. 

To DIVA'RICATEsS dl-var'-e-kate. 125. v. n. [di- 
l varicatus, Lat.] To be parted into two ; to stride. 
Woodward. 

To DIVA'RICATE, dl-var'-e-kate. v. as To divide 
into two. Grew. 
| DIVARICATION, di-var-e-ka'-shun. n.s. Partition 
into two. Ray. Division of opinions. Brown. 
Extension. Rymer. 

To DIVES, dive. v,n. [bippan, Sax.] To sink vol- 
untarily under water. Bacon. To go under water 
in search of any thing. Raleigh. To go deep into 
any question, doctrine, or science. Davies. To 
immerge into any business or condition. Shak- 
speare. To depart from observation ; to sink. Shak- 
speare. 

To DIVE, dive. v. a. To explore by diving. DenJiavi. 

To DPTE'L, de-vel'. r. a. [divello, Lat.] To pull ; to 
separate ; to sever. Brown. 

To DP7 E'LLICATE*, de-vel'-le-kate. v. a. [vellico, 
Lat.] To pull ; to tear. 

DI'VER, dl'-viir. n. s. One that sinks voluntarily un- 
der water. Pope. One that goes under water in 
search of treasure. Woodicard. He that enters 
: deep into knowledge or study. Wotton. A water 

fowl ; a didapper. Ray. 
j DI'VERB* div'-erb. n. s. [diverbium, Lat.] A prov- 
erb. Burton. 

To DI\ T E'RGE§, de-verje'. 124. v.n. [divergo, Lat.] 
To tend various ways from one point. Newton. 

DIVE'RGENCE*, de-ver'-jense. n. s. Tendency to 
various parts from one point. Wallis. 

DP/E'RGENT, de-ver'-jent. 124. a. Tending to va- 
rious parts from one point. 

DI'VERSS, dl'-verz. a. [diversus, Lat.] Several; 
sundry. Whitsrift. 

DIVERS-COLOURED*, dl'-verz-kul'-lurd. a. Hav- 
ing various colours. Shakspeare. 

DI'VERSE. dl'- verse, a. Different from another 
Daniel. Different from itself; various; multiform. 
B. Jonson. In different directions. Phillips. 

DIVERSELY t, dl'-vers-le. ad. In different ways ; 
variously. 

To DIVE'RSE*, de-verse', v.n. To turn aside. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

DIVERSIFICATION, de-veV-se-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. 
The act of changing forms or qualities. Boyle 
Variation ; variegation. Abp. Hort. Variety of 
forms ; change ; alteration. Hale. 

To DIVE'RSIFY, de-ver'-se-fl. *. a. To make dif- 
ferent from another. J J ocke. To make different 
from itself; to vary; to variegate. Sidney. 
DIVE'RSION, de-ver'-shun. 124. n.s. The act of 
turning any thing off from its course. Bacon. The 
cause by which any thing is turned from its course 
DenJiam, Sport ; something that unbends the mind 
bv turning it off from care. Waller. [In war.] 
The act of drawing the enemy off from some de- 
sign by threatening or attacking a distant part. 
DIVE'RSITY, de-ver'-se-te. n. s. Difference ; dis- 
similitude ; unlikeness. Hooker. Variety. Hooker. 
Distinct being ; not identity. Locke, "variegation 
Pope. 
DPVERSLY, dl'-vgrs-le. ad. In different wav 
differently; variously. Hooker. In different 
rections;" to different points. Pope. 
306 



DIV 












DIZ 


Qjp 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, fat; 


— me, meH ; 


—pine 


p5n 


5 



ToDTVE'RT§, de-vgrl'. 124. v. a. [diverto, Lat.] 
To turn off from any direction. Sliak. To draw 
to from a different part. Davies. To withdraw the 
mind. Milton. To please ; to exhilarate. Swift. 
To subvert ; to destroy. Sliakspeare. ' 

DrVE'RTER, de-veV-tur. n. s. Any thing that di- 
verts. Walton. 

DIVE RTICLE*, de-veV-te-kl. n. s. A turning ; a 
by-way. Hales. 

To DIVERTPSEy, de-veV-tiz. v. a. [divertiser, Fr.] 
To please ; to exhilarate. Dryden. Little used. 

55" Dr. Johnson seems to have accented this word on the 
last syllable, in compliance with the verb advertise, 
which is exactly of the same form, and therefore, he 
thought, ought to be accented in the same manner. But, 
by making divertise conform in accentuation to adver- 
tise, we make the general rule stoop to the exception, 
rather than the exception to the general rule. For, in 
all verbs of three or more syllables, where the termina- 
tion ise is only the verbal formation, and does not be- 
long to the root, we never find the accent on it ; as, 
criticise.; exercise, epitomise, &c. — See Advertise- 
ment. TV. 

DrVE'RTISEMENT, de-veV-tiz-m&it. n. s. Diver- 
sion ; delight 5 pleasure. A musical composition. 
Government, of the Tonmte. 

DIVE/RTIVE, de-ver'-tlv. a. Recreative ; amusive ; 
exhilarating. Boyle. 

To DrVE'ST§, de-vgst'. 124. v. a. [devestir, Fr.] To 
strip ; to make naked. Denham. 

DIVE'STURE, de-veV-tshuro. n. s. The act of put- 
ting off. Boyle. 

DIVPDABLE, de-vl'-da-bl. a. Separate ; different. 
Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

DIVI'DANT, de-vl'-dant. a. Different 5 separate. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

To DIVIDER de-vide'. 124. v. a. [divicb, Lat.] To 
part one whole into different pieces. 1 Kings. To 
separate ; to keep apart, by standing as a partition 
between. Genesis. To disunite by discord. St. 
Luke. To deal out ; to give in shares. Sliak. [In 
musick.] To play divisions. Spenser. 

ToDD/I'DE, de-vide', v.n. To part; to sunder. 
Milton. To break friendship. Shakspeare. To be 
of different opinions. Waterland. 

DIVI'DEDLY*, de-vl'-d£d-le. ad. Separately. 
Knatchbull. 

DPVIDEND, djv'-e-de^nd. n. s. A share ; the part al- 
lotted in division. Decay of Piety. [In arithmetick.] 
Dividend is the number given to be parted or di- 
vided. Cocker. 

DIVPDER, de-vl'-dur. 98. n. s. That which parts any 
thing into pieces. Digby. A distributer ; he who 
deals out to each his share. Luke. A disuniter. 
Swift. A particular kind of compasses. 

DPvTDING* de-vl'-dlng. n. s. Separation. He- 
brews, iv. 

DIVFDUAL, de-vld'-u-al, or de-vfd'-ju-al. 293, 376. 
a. Divided. Milton. 

DIVINA'TION, dlv-e-na^-shun. 530. n. s. [divinatio, 
Lat.] A prediction or foretelling of future things. 
Ayliffe. Conjectural presage or prediction. Sliak. 

DI'VlNATOR*, d5v'-e-na-tur. n.s. One who pro- 
fesses divination. Burton. 

DIVPNATORY*, de-vin'-a-v&r-e. a. Professing div- 
ination. Biblioth. Bibl. 

DIVPNE §, de-vine'. 124. a. [divinus, Lat.] Partak- 
ing of the nature of God. Dryden. Proceeding 
from God. Hooker. Excellent in a supreme de- 
gree. Dames. Presageful ; divining. Milton. 

DP VINE, de-vine', n. s. A minister of the Gospel; a 
priest ; a clergyman. Bacon. A man skilled in di- 
vinity ; a theologian. Denliam. 

To DiVPNE*, de-vine', v. a. To deify. Spenser. 

Ob. T. 
To DIVPNE, de-vine', v. a. To foretell. Shakspeare. 
To DIVPNE, de-vine', v. n. To utter prognostica- 
tion. Sliak. To feel presages. Shak. To conjec- 
ture ; to guess. Dryden. 

DIVPNELY, de-vlne'-le. ad. By the agency or influ- 
ence of God. Locke. Excellently in the supreme 
degree. Milton. In a manner noting a deity. Ad- 
dison- 



DD/TNENESS, dkvlne'-neY n.s. Divinity; partici- 
pation of the divine nature. Grew. Excellence in 
the supreme degree. Sliakspeare. 

DiyPNER, de-vl'-nur. 98. n. s. One that professes 
divination. Brown. Conjecturer; guesser. Locke. 

DIVPNERESS, de-vlne'-r&s. n. s. A prophetess. 
Dryden. 

DIVPNIFIED*, de-vln'-e-flde. a. Participating of 
the divine nature. Parlheneia Sacra. 

DP7PNITY, de-v?n'-e-te. 511. n.s. [divinitas, Lat.] 
Participation of the nature and excellence of God 
deity; godhead. Milton. God; the Deity; the 
Supreme Being; the Cause of causes. Addison. 
False god. Prior. Celestial being. Clmjne. The 
science of divine things ; theology. Shak. Some 
thing supernatural. Shakspeare. 

DIVISIBLE §, de-viz'-e-bl. 124. a. [divisibilis, Lat.] 
Capable of being divided into parts. Bentley. 

DIVISIBILITY, de-vfc-e-bil'-e-te. n.s. The quality 
of admitting division or separation of parts. Glan- 
ville. 

DIVFSIBLENESS,de-v?z'-e-bl-ne ! s. n.s. Divisibili- 
ty. Boyle. 

DIVPSION, de-vlzh'-un. n.s. [divisio, Lat.] The act 
of dividing any thing into parts. Sliak. The state 
of being divided. 2 Esdras. That by which any 
thing is kept apart; partition. The part which is 
separated by dividing. Addison. Disunion ; dis- 
cord; difference. John. Parts into which a dis- 
course is distributed. Locke. A variation of melo- 
dy upon some given fundamental harmony. Shak. 
Distinction. Exodus. [In arithmetick.] The sep- 
aration or parting of any number or quantity given, 
into any parts assigned. Cocker. Subdivision; 
distinction of the general into species. Shakspeare. 

DIVFSIONER*, de-vizh'-un-ur. n. s. One who di- 
vides. Sheldon. Ob. T. 

DIVISIVE*, de-vi'-s?v. a. Forming division or dis- 
tribution. Mede. Creating division or discord. 
Burnet. 

DIVPSOR, de-vl'-z&r. 166. n.s. [dhisor, Lat.] The 
number given, by which the dividend is divided. 

DIVO'RCE$, de-vc-rse'. 124. n.s. [divortium, Lat.] 
The legal separation of husband and wife. Ayliffe. 
Separation; disunion. King Charles. The sen- 
tence by which a marriage is dissolved. The 
cause of any penal separation. Shakspeare. 

To DIVO'RCE, de-vorse'. v. a. To separate a hus- 
band or wife from the other. St. Matthew i To 
force asunder; to separate by violence. Hooker. 
To separate from another. Shak. To take away ; 
to put away. Sliakspeare. 

DIVO'RCEMENT, de-vorse'-ment. n. s. Divorce. 
Martin. 

DrVO'RCER, de-vc-r'-sar, n. s. The person or cause 
which produces divorce or separation. Dmmmond. . 
One of a sect called divorcers ; of which Milton 
was deemed the father. Pagitt. 

DIVO'RSIVE*, de-vor'-sk. a. Having power to di- 
vorce. Milton. 

To DIVULGATES*, de-vul'-gate. v. a. [divulgo, 
Lat.] To publish that which is secret. Huloet. 

DIVULGATE*, de-vul'-gate. a. Published ; made 
known. Bale. 

DD/ULGA'TION*, div-ul-ga'-shfin. n.s. A pub- 
lishing abroad. Bp. Hall. 

To DIVU'LGES, de-vulje'. v. a. [divulgo, Lat.] To 
publish ; to reveal to the world. Hooker. To pro- 
claim ; to declare by a publick act. Milton. 

DrVU'LGER, de-vul'-jur. 98. n.s. A publisher. 
King Cliarles. 

DIVU'LSION, de-v&l'-shun. n.s. [divulsio, Lat.J 
Plucking away; laceration. Bp. Hall. 

DIVU'LSTVE*, de-vul'-slv. a. Having power to tear 
away. Bp. Hall. 

ToDPZEN, dl'-zn. 103. v. a. To dress; to deck; 
to rig out. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ToDIZZ*, diz. v. a. [biri,Sax.J To astonish; to 
puzzle; to make giddy or dizzy in the head. Gay- 
ton. 

DFZZARD, diz'-zfird. n.s. A blockhead ; a fool 
Diet. 

306 



DOC 



DOF 



-n6, move, n6r, n&t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ;— pound ;—tkm, Tui 



Dl'ZZINESS, dfz'-ze-n&i. ?i.s. Giddiness} whirl in 

(tie head. W. Mountanne. 
DI'ZZY*, diz'-ze. a. (t>i r i, biri$,Sax.] Giddy} 

vertiginous. Milton. Causing 1 giddiness. Shaft 
Giddy; thoughtless. Milton. Rotatory; whirling. 
Thomson. 

To DI'ZZY, d?z'-ze. v. a. To whirl round ; to make 
giddy. Shaksj>eare. 

To DO$, did. 164. v. a. Thou dost, he doth or does ; 
preter. did; part. pass. done, [bon, Sax.] To prac- 
tise or act any thing, good or bad. Psalms. To 
perform; to achieve. Daniel. To execute ; to dis- 
charge. Sfiak. To cause. Spenser. To transact. 
Acts. To produce any effect to another. Sliak. 
To have recourse to ; to practise as the last effort. 
Jer. To perform for the benefit or hurt of another. 
Sam. To exert 5 to put forth. 2 Tim. To man- 
age by way of intercourse or dealing. Boijle. To 
gain : to effect by influence. Shale. To make 
any thing what it is not. Shak. To finish j to end. 
Shak. To conclude ; to settle. Prior. To put. 
Sha/c. — The phrase, what to do with, signifies how 
to bestow; what use to make of; what course to 
take ; how to employ ; which way to get rid of. 
Tillotson. o 

To DO, d66. v. n. To act or behave in any manner, 
well or ill. 2 Kings. To make an end ; to con- 
clude. Spectator. To cease to be concerned with. 
Stil/ingjleet. To fare; to be, with regard to sick- 
ness or health. 2 Sam. To succeed ; to fulfil a 
purpose. Verstegan. To deal with. Bacon. To do 
is used for any verb, to save the repetition of 
the word : as, I shall come, but, if I do not, go 
away; that is, if I come not. Sidney. , Do is a word 
of vehement command, or earnest request : as. Help 
me, do ; Make haste, do. Dryden. To do is put 
before verbs sometimes expletively : as, I do love, 
or I love; I did love, or I loved. Bacon. Some- j 
times emphatically : as, I do hate him, but will not 
wrong him. Shak. Sometimes by way of opposi- 
tion : as, I did love him, but scorn him now. 
Sometimes emphatically , by way of strong negation : 
as, I do not know the man. Sometimes, for the 
purpose of interrogation : as, Do you not remember 
me? 

DO*, n. s. See Doe. and Ado. 

DO-LITTLE*, d66'-lil-tl. n.s. [do and little.] A 
term of contempt for him who professes much, and 
performs little. Bp. Richardson. 

To DOAT. r. n. See To Dote. 

D0'C1BLE§, dos'-e-bl. 405. a. [docilis, Lat.] Trac- 
table ; docile ; easy to be taught. Milton. 

DOCIBFLITY*, dos-e-bll'-e-te. n. s. Readiness to 
learn. Bullokar. 

DO'CIBLENESS, d6s / -e-bl-nes. n. s. Teachableness. 
Walton. 

DO'CILE$, dos'-sfl. 140. a. [docilis, Lat.] Teacha- 
ble ; easily instructed. Ellis. 

#5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Smith, and 
Mr. Perry, make the first syllable of this word short, 
and Buchanan only makes it long. — See Indocile. W. 

DOCFLITY, dd-slK-e-te. n. s. Aptness to be taught; 
readiness to learn. Fotherhy. 

DOCK, d6k. n. s [bocce, Sax.] A plant ; a weed. 
Miller. 

DOCK, d6k. n. s. [dole, Goth.] A place where water 
is let in or out at pleasure, where ships are built or 
laid up. Howell. 

DOCK- YARD*, dok'-yard. n.s. A place or yard 
where ships are built, and naval stores reposited. 
Boswell. 

DOCKS, d6k. n.s. The stump of the tail which re- 
mains after docking. The solid part of the tail. 
Grew. 

To DOCK, dok. v. a. To cut off a tail. To cut any 
thing short. Swift. To cut off a reckoning 5 to 
cut off an entail. To lay the ship in a dock. 

DO'CKET^, d&k'-k 99. n. s. A direction tied upon 

goods; a summary of a larger writing. Diet. 
To DO'CKET* doV-ft. v. a. To mark the contents 
or titles of papers on the back of them. Ld. Ches- 
terfield. 



DOCTORS, dok'-tflr. 166. n.s. [doctor, Lai.] One 
that has taken the highest'degree in the faculties of 
divinity, law, physick, or musick. Acts, v. A man 
skilled in any profession. Denham. A physician 
Slutkspeare. Any able or learned man. Digby. 

To DO'CTOR, d6V-lur. v. a. To physick ; to cure. 

DOCTORAL 1 , d&k'-to-rll. a. Relating- to the degree 
of a doctor. Pp. King. 

DO'CTORALLY, d&k'-to-ral-le. ad. In manner of a 
doctor. Hakewill. 

DOCTORATE*, dok'-t6-rate. n. s. The degree of 
a doctor. Hurd. 

To DO CTORATE*, d6k'-t6-rate. v. a. To make a 
doctor. Warton. 

DO'CTORESS*, d6k'-t6-res. n. s. She who pro- 
fesses the skill of a doctor. Whitlock. 

DO'CTORLY*, d&k'-l&r-lfe. a. Like a learned man. 
Bp. Hall. 

DOCTORS-COMMONS*, d&k'-tfirz-k&m'-mfinz. 
n.s. The college of civilians, residing in the city 
of London. Bp. Barlow. 

DO CTORSHIP, dok'-t&r-sWp. n. s. The rank of a 
doctor. Clarendon. 

DO'CTRINAL, dok'-tre-nal. a. [doctrina, Lat.] Con- 
taining doctrine, or something formally taught. 
South. Pertaining to the act or means of teaching. 
Hooker. 

DO'CTRINAL, dok'-tre-iml. n. s. Something that is 
part of doctrine. Sir T. Elyot. 

DO'CTRINALLY, dok'-tre-nal-e. ad. In the form 
of doctrine ; positively. Milton. 

DOCTRINE, dSk'-trfn. 140. n. s. The principles or 
positions of any sect or master. Hooker. The act 
of teaching. Mark, iv. 

DOCUMENT §, dok'-u-ment. n. s. [documentum, 
Lat.] Precept ; instruction ; direction. Bacon. Pre- 
cept, in an illsense. Harvey. A written evidence ; 
a record. 

To DO'CUMENT*, dok'-u-m^nt. v. a. To teach ; to 
direct. Dryden. 

DOCUME'NTAL*, dok-u-men'-tal.tt. Belonging to 
instruction. More. 

DOCUMENTARY*, dok-ii-ment'-a-re. a. Pertain- 
ing to written evidence in law. 

DODDERS, d6d ; -dur. 98. n.s. [touteren, Dutch.] 
A plant. Hill. 

DO'DDERED, dod'-dfird. a. Overgrown with dod- 
der. Dryden. 

DODECAGON, d6-dek / -a-gon. n.s. [SwSexa and 
vomer.] A figure of twelve sides. 

DODECATIEDRON*, d6-de-ka / -e-dr6n. n. s. 
[dwoeica and iSpa.] [In geometry.] One of the 
regular bodies, comprehended under twelve equal 
sides, each whereof is a pentagon. Chambers. 

DODECATEMO'RION, d6-de-kat-e-m6 y -re-6n. n.s. 
\6t.Q&£K.a.Tr}ixfimov.~\ The twelfth part. Creech. 

DODECATE'MORY*, do-de-ka-tem^-re. n. s. A 
denomination sometimes applied to each of the 
twelve signs of the zodiack. Burton. 

To DODGE §, dodje. v.n. [probably corrupted from 
dog.] To use craft; to deal with tergiversation. 
Hale. To shift place as another approaches. Milton. 
To play fast and loose. Addison. 

DODGER*, dbd'-fir. n. s. One who is guilty of 
mean tricks. Cotgrave. 

DODKIN*, dod'-kln. n.s. [duyiken, Dutch.] A 
doitkin or little doit, Shelton. 

DO/DMAN, dod'-man. 88. n.s. The name of a fish. 
Bacon. A shell-snail, called also hodmandod. 

DO'DO*, d<V-d6. n. s. A bird somewhat larger than 
a swan. Cliambers. 

DOE, do. n.s. [ba, Sax.] A she-deer; the female 
of a buck. Shakspeare. 

DOE, dS6. n. s. A feat ; what one has to do. Hudi- 
bras. 

DOER, doo'-ur. 296. n.s. One that does any thing. 
Daniel. Actor ; agent. Hooker. Performer. Sid- 
ney. An active, or busy, or valiant person. Shak. 
One that habitually performs or practises. Hooker. 

DOES, dflz. 296. The third person from do, for doth. 

To DOFF, d&f. v. a. [from do off.] To put off dress. 
307 



DOG 










DOL 


(Cr559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, fat ;- 


—me, mel 5 — pine 


, pin;— 



Shak. To strip. Crashaw. To put away ; to get 
rid of. Shakspeare. To shift off; to delay. Sha/c- 
speare. 

DOG §, d6g. n. s. [dogghe, Dutch.] A well-known 
domestick animal. 'Shakspeare. A constellation 
called Sirius, or Canicnla. Brown. A reproach- 
ful name for a man. Shak. A buck or blood ; a 
gay young man. Johnson. — To give or send to the 
dogs ; to throw away. To go to tlve dogs ; to be 
ruined, destroyed, or devoured. Pope. The male 
of several species; as, the dog fox. Shak. A pair 
of dogs. Machines of iron for burning wood upon. 
An iron rod, used by sawyers to fasten a log of 
timber to the roller at the saw-pit. 

To DOG, dog. v. a. To hunt as a dog. Shakspeare. 

DOG-FIGHT*, d&g'-flte. n. s. A battle between 
two dogs. Bp. Hall. 

DOG-FISHER, d6g / -fish-ur. n.s. A kind offish. 
Walton. 

DOG-KEEPER*, dog'-keep-ur. n.s. One who has 
the management of dogs. Swift. 

DOG-LATIN*, ddg'-lat-ln. n. s. Barbarous Latin. 

DO'GLY, dog'-le. a. Like a dog; churlish. Lord 
Rivers. 

DOG-MAD*, ddg'-mad. a. Mad, as a dog some- 
times is. Sioift. 

DOG-TEETH, dbg'-^hh. n.s. The teeth in the 
human head next to the grinders; the eye-teeih. 
Arbuthnot. 

DOG-TRICK, d&g'-trfk. n.s. An ill turn; surly 
treatment. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DO'GBANE, ddg'-bane. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

DOGBERRY-TREE, d6g'-ber-re-tre. A kind of 
cherry. 

DO'GBOLT, dog'-bolt. n.s. A word of contempt ap- 
plied to persons. Beaumont and Fletclver. 

DO'GBRIAR, dogz-brl-ur. n.s. The briar that bears 
the hip. Sir T. Brown. 

DO'GCHEAP, dog'-tsheep. a. Cheap as dog's meat. 
Dryden. 

DO'GDAYS, dog'-daze. n.s. The days in which the 
dog-star rises and sets with the sun. Burton. 

DO'GDRAW, dog'-draw. n.s. A manifest depre- 
hension of an offender against venison in the forest, 
when he is found drawing after a deer by the 
scent of a hound. Cowel. 

DOGE, d6je. ?i.s. [doge, Ital.] The title of the chief 
magistrate of Venice and Genoa. Addison. 

DOGFISH, dog'-flsh. n. s. A shark. Woodward. 

DO'GFLY, dog'-fll. n. s. A voracious, biting fly. 
Chapman. 

DO'GGED, d6g'-ged. 366. a. Sullen; sour; morose. 



DO'GGEDLY, d&g'-gecl-le. ad. Sullenly ; gloomily ; 

sourly. Shencooa. VVith an obstinate resolution. 

Bosu-ell. 
DO'GGEDNESS, dog'-ged-nes. n. s. Gloom of 

mind; sullenness. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DO GGER, ddg'-gur. 98. n. s. A small ship with 

one mast. 
DO GGEREL, ddg'-grel. a. Loosed from the meas- 
ures or rules of regular poetry; vile; despicable. 

Dryden. 
DO'GGEREL, d&g'-grel. n.s. Mean, despicable, 

worthless verses. Dryden. 
DOGGISH, d&g'-gish. a. Churlish; brutal. Sir T. 

Elyot. 
DO'GHEARTED, d6g'-har-ted. a. Cruel ; pitiless; 

malicious. Shakspeai-e. 
DO'GHOLE, d6g'-h6le. n.s. A vile hole; a mean 

habitation. Shakspeare. 
DOGKE'NNEL, dog'-ken-nel. n. s. A little hut or 

house for dogs. Dryden. 
DO'GLEECH*, ddg'-leetsh. n. s. A dog-doctor. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DO'GLOUSE, d&gMd&se. n.s. An insect that har- 
bours on dogs. 
DO'GLY*, dog'-le, ad. In a manner like a dog. 

Huloet. 
DO'GMA, dog'-ma. n. s. [Lat.] [plural, dogmas or 

dogmata.] Established principle ; doctrinal notion. 

That determination which has a relation to some I 



casuistical point of doctrine, or some doctrinal part 
of the Christian faith. Ayliffe. 

DOGMATICAL, d&g-mat'-e'-kal. \a. Authorita 

DOGMATICK, ddg-mat'-fk. 509. \ tive; magis 
terial; positive. Boyle. 

DOGMATICALLY, d&g-mat'-e-kal-e. ad. Magis 
terially ; Dositively. South. 

DOGMA'TICALNESS, dSg-maf-e-kal-nes. n.s. 
The quality of being dogmatical. Ellis. 

DOGMA'TICK* d6g-mat'-lk. n.s. One of a sect of 
physicians, called also Dogjnalists, in contradis- 
tinction to Empiricks and Methodists. Hakewill. 

DO'GMATISM*, d&g'-ma-Uzm. n. s. Positiveness in 
opinion. Robertson. 

DOGMATIST, d6g / -ma-tlst. n. s. A magisterial 
teacher ; a positive asserter. Glanville. 

To DOGMATIZE, dog'-ma-dze. v, n. To assert 

Sositively. Blackmore. 
'GMAT1ZER, ddg'-ma-tl-zur. n. s. An asserter , 
a magisterial teacher. Shelion. 

DO'GROSE, dog'-roze. n. s. The flower of the hip. 
Derham. 

DO'GSEARS*, d6gz'-eerz. n. s. An expression for 
the creases made on the leaves of books by then- 
being folded down at particular places. Arbuthnot. 

DO'GSICK*, d6g'-sik. a. Sick as a dog. Dyet's Dry 
Dinner. 

DO'GSKIN*, ddg'-skm. a. Made of tlie skin of a 
dog. Toiler. 

DO'GSLEEP, d&g'-sleep. n. s. Pretended sleep. 
Addison. 

DO GSMEAT, dogz'-mete. n. s. Refuse; vile stuff. 
Dryden. 

DO'GSTAR, dog'-star. n. s. The star which gives 
the name tt, the dog-days. Addison. 

DO'GSTOOTH, dbgz'-Mth. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

DO'GTROT, dog'-trot. n.s. A gentle trot like that 
of a dog. Hudibras. 

DOGWE'ARY, ddg-we'-re. a. Tired as a dog 
Shakspeare. 

DO'G WOOD, d&g'-wud. n. s. A species of corne 
lian cherry. 

DOTLY, d6e'-le. n. s. A species of woollen stuff, so 
called from the name of the first maker. Congreve. 
The name of a small napkin placed on our tables 
after dinner with the wine. 

DO INGS, doo'-ingz. n. s. Things done ; events ; 
transactions. Shak. Feats; actions. Sidney. Be- 
haviour; conduct. Sidney. Conduct; dispensa- 
tion. Hooker. Stir ; bustle ; tumult. Hooker. Fes- 
tivity ; merriment. 

DOIT, dSlt. 71. s. [dmjt, Dutch.] A small piece of 
money. Shakspeare. 

DOLE 9, d6le. n. s. The act of distribution or deal- 
ing. Shak. Any thing dealt out. SJiak. Provi- 
sions or money distributed in charity. B. Jonson. 
Blows dealt out. Beaumont and Fletcher. Grief; 
sorrow; misery. Shak. Bound or division of 
land. Homilies. 

To DOLE, d6le. v. a. To deal ; to distribute. Diet 

DOLE, d6le. n. s. Void space left in tillage. Diet. 

DO'LEFUL, d6le y -ful. a. Sorrowful ; dismal. Sia 
ney. Melancholy ; afflicted. Sidney. Dismal ; 
impressing sorrow. Hooker. 

DO'LEFULLY, dole'-ful-le. ad. In a doleful manner ; 
sorrowfully. Shelion. 

DO'LEFULNESS, d6le'-ful-nes. n. s. Sorrow ; mel- 
ancholy. Querulousness. Dismalness. 

DO LENT*, do'-lcnt. a. [dolens, Lat.] Sorrowful. 
Chalmers. 

DO'LESOME, dole'-s&m. a. Melancholy ; gloomy. 
Pope. 

DO'LESOMELY, dile'-sftm-le. ad. In a dolesome 
manner. 

DO'LESOMENESS, do'.e'-sum-nes. n. s. Gloom; 
melancholy. 

DOLL, ddl. n. s. A contraction of Dorothy. A lit- 
tle girl's puppet or baby. [Perhaps an abbreviation 
of idol.'] 

DO'LLAR, d&l'-lfir. 418. n.s. [daler, Dutch/| A 
Dutch and German coin of different value, from 
about 2s. Gel. to 4*. Gd. Shakspeare. 
308 



DOM 



DON 



-116, mflve, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull }— 6?1 5— pound ;— thin, THis. 



DOLOR*. See Dolour. 

DOLOR PFEROUS*, d&l-6-rif-fer-us. a. Producing 

Sain. Whitaker. 
LORIF1CAL*, ddl-6-rlf-e-kal. a. Causing sor- 
row. Cockeratn. 

DOLORI FICK, ddl-o-rif-Jk. 530. a. Causing grief 
or pain. Ray. 

DOLOROUS, ddl'-o-rus. 503. u. Sorrowful ; doleful ; 
dismal. Hooker. Painful. Bp. Hall. 

DOLOROUSLY*, d6l / -6-rus-le. ad. Sorrowfully; 
mournfully. Bale. 

DO'LOUR, d6'-lur. 314. n. s. [dolor, Lat.] Grief 5 
sorrow. Shak. Lamentation; complaint. Sidney. 
Pain; pang. Bacon. 

55° Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Elphinston, and 
Entick, make the first in this word short, as in dol- 
lar ; and Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Dr. 
Ash, long, as in donor: the latter is, in my opinion, the 
most analogical. 542. W. 

DO LPHLN, d&l'-fin. n. s. [delphin, Lat.] The name 
of a fish. Shakspeare. 

DOLT §, d6lt. n. s. [bol, Sax.] A heavy, stupid fel- 
low ; a blockhead. Sidney. 

To DOLT*, d6lt. r. n. To behave foolishly. New. 
Custom. 

DOLTISH, dolt'-ish. a. Stupid; mean; dull. Bale. 

DO'LTISHNESS*, dolt'-lsh-nes. n. s. Folly; stu- 

Sidity. Sidney. 
M*, ddm. n. s. [bom, Sax.] Power ; dominion. 
It is found only in composition ; as, kingdom, duke- 
dom, earldom. Quality, state, condition ; as, free- 
dom. Whiter. 

DO MABLE, ddm'4-bl. c. Tameable. Diet. 

DOMA'IN, do-mane', n.s. [domaine, Fr.~\ Dominion; 
empire. Milton. Possession ; estate. Drydcn. The 
land about a mansion-house occupied by the lord. 
Slienstone. 

DO MAL* do'-mal. a. Relating to the astrological 
use of house. Addison. 

DOME, d6me. n. s. [dome, Fr.] A building ; a house; 
a fabrick. Prior. A hemispherical arch ; a cupola. 
Slienstone. 

#Cf* There is a strong propensity, particularly in the peo- 
ple of London, to pronounce this word so as to rhyme 
with room ; but this is contrary to all our dictionaries 
which give the sound of the vowels, and ought not to be 
goffered to add to the already too numerous exceptions 
to the general sound of 0. W. 

DOMESDAY*. See Doomsday. 

DO MESMAN* d6dmz'-man. it. 5. [borne, Sax.] An 
umpire ; a judge. Wicliffe. Ob. J. 

DOMESTICAL §, di-meV-te-kal. ) a. [domesiicus, 

DOME'STICKS, do-mes'-dk. ) Lat.] Belong- 

in" 1 to the house. Hooker. Private ; done at home. 
Hooker. Inhabiting the house ; not wild. Addison. 
Not foreign ; intestine. Hooker. 

D^r Dr. Johnson observes, that, of English, as of all living 
tongues, there is a double pronunciation, one cursory 
and colloquial, the other regular and solemn. He gives 
no instances of this double pronunciation ; and it is at 
first a little difficult to conceive what are the words in 
which this observation is verified. Solemn speaking 
seems to have no effect upon the accented vowels ; for, 
let us pronounce them as rapidly or as solemnly as we 
will, we certainly do not make any change in the quan- 
tity or quality of them. The only part of the language, 
in which Dr. Johnson's observation seems true, is some 
of the voweh when unaccented ; and of these the o 
seems to undergo the greatest change in consequence of 
solemnity or rapidity. Thus the o in obey is, in solemn 
speaking, pronounced as long and full as in the first 
syllable of open ; hut, in rapid and cursory speaking, as 
short as the in oven. This latter sound, however, must 
not be given as a model ; for, let the pronunciation be 
ever so rapid and familiar, there is a certain elegance 
in giving the 0, in this situation, its full, open sound, 
approaching to that which it has when under the ac- 
cent ; and, though nothing but a delicacy of ear will di- 
rect us to the degree of openness with which we must 
pronounce the unaccented in domeslick, docility, po- 
tential, proceed, monastick, monotony, &c, we maybe 
assured that these vowels are exactly under tho same 
Dredicament, and can never be pronounced short and 
«hut, as if written dommestick, dossility, pottential, ice, 
without hurting the ears of every good speaker, and over- 
turning the first principles of pronunciation. 547, 548. 



The same observations seem to hold good of tho unac- 
cented in every word ending in ory ; as transitory, 
dilatory, Sec. The in rapid speaking certainly goes 
into short u, as if written travsitury, dilatury, &c, 
but, in solemn pronunciation, approaches to the accent- 
ed, open sound of in glory, story, Sec. ; but, as the in 
these terminations never admits of being pronounced 
quite so open as when ending a syllable before the ac- 
cent, I have, like Mr. Sheridan, given it the colloquial 
sound of short u. 512. — See Command. W. 

DOMESTIC ALLY*, dA-meV-te-kal-le. ad. Rela- 
tively to domestick affairs. Sheldon. 
DOMESTICANT*, do-mes'-te-kant. a. Forming 

part of the same family. Sir E. Dering. 
To DOMESTICATE, d6-mes'-te-kate. v. a. To 
make domestick. Richardson. To familiarize ; to ren- 
der, as it were, of the same family. Sir H Wotton. 

DOMESTICK, do-raes'-dk. n. s. One kept in the 
same house. South. 

DO'MICILE*, dom'-e-sfl. n. s. [domicile, Fr.] A 
house. Brevint. 

DOMICFL1ARY*, dAm-e-sfl'-ya-re. a. Intruding 

into private houses. Burke. 
To DOMICILIATE*, dAm-e-sfl'-e-ate. r. a. To 

render domestick. Pownall. 
To DOM1FY, dom'-e-fl. v. a. [domifico, Lat.] To 
tame. Diet. 

DOMINANT, dom'-e-nant. a. [dominans, Lat.} 
Predominant ; presiding. Evelyn. 

To DOMINATES, ddm ? -e-nate. v. n. To predomi- 
nate. Dryden. 

To DOMINATE*, d6m'-e-nate. v. a. To govern. 
Twiss. 

DOMINATION, dom-e-na'-shun. n. s. Power ; do- 
minion. Shak. Tyranny ; insolent authority. Ar- 
buihnot. One highly exalted in power: used of 
angelick beings. Milton. 

DO'MINATrVE, ddm'-e-na-tfv. a. Imperious; inso- 
lent. Did. Presiding ; governing. Sir E. Sandys. 

DO'MINATOR^om'-t-nk-ttr. 521. n. s. [Lat.] 
The presiding or predominant power or influence. 
Camden. The absolute governour or ruler. Donne. 

To DOMINEER §, dom-e-neer'. v.n. [dominor, LaU 
To rule with insolence ; to swell ; to bluster. Shak. 

To DOMINE'ER*, dom -e-neer-/. v. a. To govern. 
Wulpole. 

DOMI NICAL, do-mV-c-kal. a. Noting the Lord's- 
day, or Sunday. Holder. Noting the prayer of 
our Lord Christ. Howell. 

DOMINICAL*, do-min'-e-kal. n. s. The Lords 
dav. or Sunday. Hammond. 

DOMI NIC AN*, d6-imV-e-kan. n. s. One of the or- 
der of St. Domimck. 

DOMINICAN*, do-min'-e-kan. a. Respecting those 
of the order of St. Dominick. Milton. 

DO'MINO*, dfW-e-116. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of hood 
worn by canons of cathedral churches in Italy ; a 
masquerade garment. 

DOMFNION, do-mW-yun. 113. n. s. Sovereign au- 
thority; unlimited power. Milton. Power; right 
of possession or use. Locke. Territory ; region 5 
district. Davies. Predominance; ascendant. Dry- 
den. An order of angels. Col. i. 

DON, don. n. s. [dominus, Lat.] The Spanish tide 
for a gentleman. Dryden. 

To DON, don. v. a. [To do on.] To put on; to in- 
vest with. Fairfax. Ob. J. 

DO'NARY, d6'-na-re. n. s. [donarium, Lat.] A thing 
given to sacred uses. Burton. 

DONA'TION, d6-na'-shun. n. s. [donatio, Lat.] The 
act of giving any thing. Milton. The grant by 
which any thing is given. Raleigh. 

DO'NATISM* d&n'-a-dzm. n.s. The heresy of Don- 
atists. Abp. Whitgift. 

DO'NATIST*, don'-a-tfst. n. s. [from one Donatus, 
founder of the sect.] One of a sect of hereticks of 
the fourth century, whose general profession was 
an exclusive pretended puntanism. Hooker. 

DONATISTICAL* don'-a-dst'-e-kal. a. Pertain- 
in? to the heresy of Donatists. Fuller. 

DO'NATrVE, d&n'-a-dv. 503. n. s. A gift ; a largess ; 
a present. Hooker. A benefice merely given and 
collated by the patron to a man, without either pre- 
'309 



DOR 










DOT 


ID- 559.- 


-Fate, far, fill, 


fat 


, — me, mel; — pine 


pin 5— 



sentation to the ordinary, or institution by the ordi- 
nary, or induction by his orders. Cowel. 

&3" I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. John- 
ston, and Entick, in the quantity of the vowe! in the 
first syllable of this word, not only as I think it contra- 

( ry to the best usajre, but as it is at variance with the 
analogy of words in this termination. Let not the long 
quantity of the Latin o in donatio be pleaded in favour 
of my opponents ; for (waving the utter uncertainty of 
arguing from the Latin quantity to ours) this would 
prove that the a and e in the first syllable of sanative 
and lenitive ought to be long likewise. Dr. Kenrick, 
Dr. Ash, and Mr. Perry, are on my side. W. 

DONE, d5n. part. pass, of the verb To do. 

DONE*, dun. Tim old infinitive of Do. 

DONE, dun. a kind of interjection. The word by 
which a wager is concluded. Shakspeare. 

DONEE'*, d6-nee'. n. s. The person to whom a 

6ift is made. Sir M. Sandys. 
WON, dun'-jftn. n. s. [corrupted to dungeon.] A 
strong- tower in the middle of a castle or fort. Cot- 
grave. A tower or place in which prisoners were 
kept. Chaucer. . 
DOWN AT*, don'-nat. n.s. \ do and naught.] An idle, 

good-for-nothing person. Granger. 
DO'NOR, d6'-nor. n. s. [dono, Lat.] A giver ; a be- 
slower. Dry den. 
DOWSHIP, d6n'-ship. n. s. Quality of a gentleman 

or knight. Hudibras. 
DO'NZEL* don'-zel. n. s. [Ital.l A page. Butler. 
DOO'DLE, doS'-dl. 405. n. s. A trifler; an idler. 
DOOLE*, d6ol. n. s. Dole. 

To DOOM§, dd5m. v. a. [beman, Sax.] To judge. 
Milton. To condemn to any punishment. Smith. 
To pronounce condemnation upon any. Dryden. 
To command judicially or authoritatively. Shak. 
To destine ; to command by uncontrollable au- 
thority. Dryden. 
DOOM, d66m. n. s. [bom, Sax.] Judicial sentence; 
judgement. Shak. The great and final judgement. 
Sliak. Condemnation. Shak. Determination de- 
clared. Shak. The state to which one is destined. 
Dryden. Ruin; destruction. Pope. Discrimination; 
discernment. Mirror for Magistrates. 
DOO'MFUL*, doSm'-fal. a.' Full of destruction. 

Drayton. 
DOO'MSDAY, d66mz'-da. n. s. The day of final 
and universal judgement. Shak. The day of sen- 
tence or condemnation. Shakspeare. 
DOOMSDAY-BOOK, doomz'-da-book. n. 5. A book 
made by order of William the Conqueror, in which 
ihe estates of the kingdom were registered. Camden. 
DOCKMSMAN*. See Domf.sman. 
DOOR§, d6re. 310. n. s. [bop, bupe, Sax.] The 
gate of a house. Spenser. In familiar language, a 
house; often in the plural, doors. Bacon. En- 
trance ; portal. Dryden. Passage ; avenue. Ham- 
mond. — Out of door, or doors. No more to be 
found ; quite gone ; fairly sent away. Dryden. At 
tlie door of any one. Imputable ; chargeable upon 
him. Dryden. Next door to. Approaching to; 
near to. V Estrange. 
DOO'RCASE*, d6re'-kase. n. s. The frame in which 

the door is enclosed. Moxon. 
DOO'RING*, d&re'-mg. n. s. A doorcase. Milton. 
DOO'RKEEPER, d6re'-keep-ur. n. s. A porter. Bp. 

Taylor. 
DOO'RNAIL*, d6re'-nale. n. s. The nail on which, 

in ancient doors, the knocker struck. 
DOORPOST*, dore'-pc-st. n. s. The post of a door. 

Exod. xxi. 
DOOTtSTEAD*, dore'-sted. n. s. Entrance of the 

door. Warbunon. 
DO'QUET, d&k'-lt. 99, 415. n. s. A paper contain- 
ing a warrant. Bacon. 
To DOR*. See To Dorr. 
DOREE'* d6-ree'. n.s: [dor^Fr.] A fish, called by 
us John Dory. John is perhaps a corruption of the 
Fr. jaune, yellow. 
DO RlAN*, d6'-re-an. a. [dorkn, Fr.] Dorick. Mil- 
ton. 
LYRICISM*, d&r'-e-slzm. n. s. A phrase of the 
Dorick dialect. Byyk. 



DO'RICK*, d&rMk. a. [from Doris, Fr. Dorique.} 
A species of the ancient musick. Howell. An or- 
der of architecture. Milton. 

DO'RISM*. n. s. An expression of the Dorick dia- 
lect. Essay on Gr. and Lat. Prosodies. 

DO'RMANCY*, dor'-man-se. n. s. Quiescence. Bp. 
Horsley. 

DO'RMANT, ddr'-mant. a. [dormant, Fr.] Sleep- 
ing. Congreve. In a sleeping posture. Brown. 
Pnvate ; not publick. Bacon. Concealed ; not di- 
vulged. Sioift. Leaning; not perpendicular. 
Cleaveland. 

DO'RMANT* dc-r'-mant. )n. s. A large beam; a 

DO'RMAR*, dor'-mar. \ piece of timber, some- 
times called a sleeper. Fairfax. A window made 
in the roof of a house. Chambers. 

DO'RMITPyE*, dcV-me-tiv. n. s. [dormio, Lat.] A 
soporifiok medicine; an opiate. Arbuthnot. 

DO'RMITORY, dcV-me-t&r-e. 557. n. s. A place 
to sleep in. Bp. Hall. A burial place. Ayliffe. 

DO'RMOUSE, ddr'-mduse. n.s. A small animal 
which passes a large part of the winter in sleep. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DORN. d6m. n. s. [dorn, Germ.] The name of a fish. 

DO'RNICK, dSr^-nlk. n. s. A species of linen cloth ; 
also linsey-woolsey. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DORP*, ddrp. n. s. [dorp, Teut.] A small village. 
Howell. P J * 

To DORR §, dor. v. a. [tor, Teut.] To deafen or 
stupify with noise. Hales. 

DORR, dor. n. s. A kind of flying insect, remarkable 
for a loud noise. Brown. 

DO'RRER*, dor'-rur. n. s. A drone. Robinson. 

DORSE*, dSrse. «. s. [ders, old Fr.] A canopy. 
Sutton. Ob. T. 

DO'RSAL*, ddr'-sal. a. Belonging to the back. 
Pennant. 

DO'RSEL, ddr'-sil. ) n. s. [dorsale, Lat.] A pan- 

DO'RSER, dcV-sor. \ nier; a basket or bag, one 
of which hangs on either side a beast of burthen. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DORSFFEROUS, ddr-sif-fe-rfis. ) 518. a. [dorsum 

DORSPPAROUS, ddr-slp'-pa-r&s. $ and fero, or 
pario, Lat.] Having the property of bearing or 
bringing forth on the back. It is used of plants. 

DO'RSUM*, ddr'-sum. n.s. [Lat.] A ridge of a 
hill. Walk,n. 

DO RTURE, dcV-tshure. n. s. [contracted from 
dormiture.] A dormitory; a place to sleep in. 
Bacon. 

DORY*. See Doree. 

DOSE §, dose. n. s. [Sbois.] So much of any medi- 
cine as is taken at one time. Quincy. Any thing 
nauseous. South. As much of any thing as falls to 
a man's lot. Hudibras. Quantity. Granville. 

To DOSE, dose. v. a. To proportion a medicine 
properly. Derham. To give physick or any thing 
nauseous. South. 

DO' SIS*, do'-sls. n.s. [Gr.] A dose. Dr. Jackson. 

DO'SSER*, d&s'-s&r. n.s. [dossier, Fr.] A basket; 
a pannier. B. Jonson. 

DO'SSIL, dds'-sll. n. s. [dosil, old Fr.] A pledget; 
a nodule or lump of lint, to be laid on a sore. 
Wiseman. 

DOST, dflst. The second person of do. 

DOT§, dot. n. s. [from our old verb dit, to close.] 
A small point or spot made to mark any place in a 
writing ; usually a period. 

To DOT, d6t. n. a. To mark with specks. Burke. 

To DOT, d&t. v. n. To make dots. 

DO'TAGE, dfV-tadje. 90. n. s. Loss of understand- 
ing; imbecility of mind. Danies. Excessive fond- 
ness. Dryden. 

DO'TAL, di'-tal. 88. a. [dotalis, Lat.] Relating to 
thejportion of a woman. Garth. 

DOTARD, do'-tard. 88. n. s. A man whose age has 
impaired his intellects. Spenser. 

DO TARDLY*, di'-tard-le. a. Like a dotard j stu- 
pid. More. 

DOTATION, do-ta'-shan. n. s. [dotatio, LaU The 
act of giving a dowry or portion. DicU Endow- 
ment. Bacon. 

310 



■■ 



DOU 



DOU 



— 116, mfive, ndr, n6t ; — ti'ibe, tub, bfill ; — 611 ; — pdund ; — thin, THis. 



To DOTE $, d6te. v. n. [doten, Dutch.] To have the 
intellect impaired by age or passion ; to be deliri- 
ous. Sliak. To be in love to extremity. Sidney. 
To decay. Bp. Howscm. 
To DOTE" upon. To regard with excessive fond- 
ness. Sliakspeare. 
DOTED, do'-ted. a. Stupid. Spenser. 
DO'TER, d6'-tfir. 98. n. s. One whose understand- 
ing is impaired by years. Burton. A man fondly 
and weakly in love. Sliakspeare. 
DOTH t, dtoh. The third person of do. 
DO'TINGLY,d6'-ting-le.ad. Fondly. Beaumont and 

Fletcher. 
DO'TTARD, ddt'-tard. 88. n. s. A tree kept low by 

cutting; a decayed tree. Bacon. 
DOTTEREL, d'6t'-tfir-ll. 99. ft. s. The name of a 

bird that mimicks gestures. Bacon. 
DOUANEE'R*, doo-a-neer 7 . n. s. [Fr.] An officer 

of customs. Gray. 
DO'UBLE £, diW-bl. 314, 405. [See Codle.] a. 
[double, Fr.] Two of a sort ; one corresponding to 
the other ; in pairs. Ecclus. xlii. Twice as much. B. 
Jonson. Havingone added to another. Bacon. Two- 
fold ; of two kinds. Dryden. Two in number. Da- 
vies. Having twice the effect or influence ; having 
the power of two. Sluxk. Deceitful; acting two 
parts, one openly, the other in secret. Shalcspeare. 
DOUBLE, dfib'-bl. ad. Twice over. Swift. 
DO'UBLE is much used in composition, generally 

for doubly, two ways. 
DOUBLE-BITING, dfib-bl-bl'-tmg. a. Biting or cut- 
ting on either side. Dryden. 
DOUBLE-BUTTONED, dfib-bl-bfit'-tnd. 170, 359. 

a. Having two rows of buttons. Gay. 
To DOUBLE-CHARGE*, dfib-bl-tsh&rje'. v. 
To charge or intrust with a double proportion. 
Shalcspeare. 
DOUBLE-DEALER, dfib-bl-de'-lfir. n. s. A deceit- 
ful, subtle, insidious fellow. V Estrange. 
DOUBLE-DEALING, dfib-bl-de'-lmg. n. s. Arti- 
fice; dissimulation. Shalcspeare. 
To DOUBLE-DIE, dub-bl-dV. v. a. To dye twice 

over. Dryden. 
DOUBLE-EDGED*, dub-bl-£dj'd'. a. Having two 

edges. Huloet. 
DOUBLE ENTENDRE*, d6o'-bl-on-tan'-dr. 
n. s. [Fr.] A double signification of a sentence or 
expression. Arbuthnot. 
DOUBLE-EYED*, d&b-bl-ide'. a. With deceitful 

aspect. Spenser. 
DOUBLE-FACED*, d&b-bl-faste'. a. With two faces. 

Milton. 
DOUBLE-FORMED*, dfib-bl-formd'. a. Having a 

mixed form. Milton. 
DOUBLE-FOUNTED, dfib-bl-f6un'-ted. a. Having 

two sources. Milton. 
To DOUBLE-GILD*, d&b-bl-glld'. v. a. To gild 

with double colouring. Shalcspeare. 
DOUBLE-HANDED, dfib-bl-hand'-eU a. Having 

two hands. Glanville. 
DOUBLE-HEADED, d&b-bl-hgd'-eU a. Having 

the flowers growing one to another. Mortimer. 
DOUBLE-HEARTED*, dfib-bl-hart'-ed. a. Hav- 
ing a false heart. Sandys. 
To DOUBLE-LOCK, d&b-bl-lok'. v. a. To shoot 

the lock twice. Taller. 
DOUBLE-MEANING*, d&b-bl-me'-ning. a. Hav- 
ing two meanings. Sliakspeare. 
DOUBLE-MINDED, d&b-bl-mlnd'-eU a. Unsettled; 

undetermined. James. 
DOUBLE-MOUTHED*, dfib-bl-m6uTH'd'. a. Hav- 
ing different mouths. Milton. 
DOUBLE-NATURED*, dfib-bl-na'-tshur'd. a. Hav- 
ing a two-fold nature. Young. 
DOUBLE-PLEA, d&b-bl-ple' n. s. That in which 
the defendant alleges for himself two several mat- 
ters, in bar of the action, whereof either is sufficient 
to effect his desire in debarring the plaintiff. 
Cowel. 
DOUBLE-QUARREL, dub / -bl-kw6r / -rel A com- 
plaint made by any clerk or other to the archbish- 
op of the province, against an inferiour ordinary, 



for delaying justice in some cause ecclesiastical 
Cowel. 
To DOUBLE-SHADE*, d&b-bl-shade'. 0, «. To 

double the natural darkness of the place. Milton. 
DOUBLE-SHINING, dfib-bl-shl'-nlng. a. Shining 

with double lustre. Sidney. 
DOUBLE-TONGUED, dftb-bl-tfingd'. 359. a. De- 
ceitful. 1 Tim. 
To DO'UBLE, d&b'-bl. v. a. To enlarge any quan- 
tity by addition of the same quantity. Shak. To 
contain twice the quantity. Dryden. To repeat ; to 
add. Dryden. To add one to another in the same 
order or parallel. Exodus, xxvi. To fold. Prior. 
To pass round a headland. Knolles. 
To DO'UBLE, d&b'-b). v.n. To increase to twice 
the quantity. Burnet. To enlarge the stake to 
twice the sum in play. Dryden. To turn back, or 
wind in running. Bacon. To play tricks ; to use 
sleights. B. Jonson. 
DO'UBLE, dfib'-bl. n.s. Twice the quantity or 
number. Exodus, xxii. Beer of twice the com- 
mon strength. Sliak. A trick; a shift. Shak. Re- 
semblance ; as, his or her double. 
DO'UBLENESS, dfib'-bl-nes. n. 3. The slate of 
being double. Shak. Duplicity. Mirror for Mag. 
DO'UBLER, dfib'-bl-fir. n. s. He that doubles any 

thing. Huloet. 
DO'UBLET, dfib'-bl-gt. 99. n. s. The inner garment 
of a man; the waistcoat. Shak. Twoj a pair. 
Grew. 
DOU'BLING*, dfib'-bl-lng. n.s. An artifice ; a shift. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
DOUBLO'N, dfib-bl-66n'. [See Encore.] n. s. A 

Spanish coin containing the value of two pistoles. 
DO'UBLY, dfib'-bl-e. ad. In twice the quantity; to 

twice the degree. Dryden. Deceitfully. Huloet. 
To DOUBT §, d6ut. 313. v. n. [doubter, Fr.] To ques- 
tion ; to be in uncertainty. Hooker. To question 
any event, fearing the worst. Shak. To fear ; to 
be apprehensive of ill. Otway. To suspect; to 
have suspicion. Daniel. To hesitate ; to be in sus- 
pense. Milton. 
To DOUBT, d6fit. v. a. To hold questionable ; to 
think uncertain. To think endangered. Milton. 
To fear ; to suspect. Milton. To fill with fear ; to 
fright. Beaumont and Fletcher. To distrust j to 
hold suspected. Pope. 
DOUBT, dout. n. s. Uncertainty of mind; suspense j 
undetermined state of opinion. South. Question j 
point unsettled. Arbuthnot. Scruple; perplexity 5 
irresolution. Shak. Uncertainty of condition. Dent. 
xxviii. Suspicion. Gal. iv. Difficulty objected. 
Blackmore. Dread ; horrour. Spenser. Difficulty j 
danger. Spenser. 
DO'UBTABLE, d6ut'-a-bl. a. What may be doubt- 
ed. Sherwood. 
DO'UBTER, ddu'-tfir. 98. n.s. One who entertains 

scruples. Foiherby. 
DO'UBTFUL, dSfit'-ffil. a. Dubious ; not settled in 
opinion. Shak. Ambiguous ; not clear in his mean- 
ing. That about which there is doubt; obscure; 
questionable. Bacon. Hazardous; of uncertain 
event. Milton. Not secure ; not without suspicion. 
Hooker. Not confident; not without fear. Milton. 
Partaking different qualities. Milton. 
DO'UBTFULLY, d&ut'-ffil-le. ad. Dubiously; ir- 
resolutely. Ambiguously. Spenser. Id a state of 
dread. Spenser. 
DO'UBTFULNESS, d6ut'-ful-nes. n. s. Dubious- 
ness ; suspense. Watts. Ambiguity ; uncertainty 
of meaning. Locke. Hazard; uncertainty of event 
or condition. 
DO'UBTING* d6ut'-ing. n. s. Scruple ; perplexity. 

1 Tim. \\. 
DCyUBTINGLY, d6ut'-lng-le. ad. In a doubting 

manner; dubiously; without confidence. Bacon. 
DO'UBTLESS, do&t'-lSs. a. Fre« from fear ; void 

of apprehension of danger. Sliakspeare. 
DO'UBTLESS, dofit'-l^s. ad. Without doubt ; widi- 

out question ; unquestionably. Sliakspeare. 
DO'UBTLESSLY* ddfit'-les-le. ad. Unquestiona- 
bly. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
311 



DOW 



DOW 



ft? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



L 



DO'UCED*, ddd'-seU n. s. [dowce, Fr.] A musical 

instrument. Chaucer. 
DOUCET, ddd'-se 1 !. n. *. [rfowce*, Fr.] A custard. 

Cotgrave. 
DOUCETS of a Deer*. See Dowcets. 
DOUCE' UR*, ddd-sure'. n.s. [Fr.l Flattery} a 

lure ; a coaxing temptation. X<a. Chesterfield. 
DO'UCKER, dSk'-ar. n. s. A bird that dips, in the 

water. Ray. 
DOUGH, do. 318. n. s. [bah, Sax.] The paste of 

bread, or pies, yet unbaked. Beaum. and Fl.—My 

cake is dough." My affair has miscarried. Shak. 
DO'UGHBAKED, dd'-bakt. a. Unfinished; not 

hardened to perfection ; soft. Donne. 
DO'UGHKNEADED*, d6'-need-ed. a. Soft ; capa- 
ble of being - kneaded like dough. Milton. 
DOUGHTINESS*, ddu'-te-nSs. n. s. Valour; 

bravery. Shelton. 
DO'UGHTY^, ddu'-te. 313. a. [bohfci£, Sax.] Brave; 

noble ; illustrious ; eminent. Spenser. Stilling fleet. 

[It is now seldom used but ironically.] 
DOUGHY, d<V-e. a. Unsound; soft. Shakspeare. 
To DOUSE §,d5use. 313. r.«. [Sva^.] To put over 

head suddenly in the water. Hammond. 
To DOUSE, douse, v. n. To fall suddenly into the 

water. Hudibras. , i 

To DOUSE* dduse. v. a. To strike. 
ToDOUTS*, dout. J), a. [To do out.] To put out. 

Sliakspeare. 
DO'UTER*, ddut'-tur. n. s. An extinguisher for a 

candle. Ray. 
DOVE $, dfiv. 165. n. s. [buua, Sax.] A wild pigeon. 

Sliakspeare. A pigeon. Sliakspeare. 
DO VECOT, d&y'-kdt. n . s. A small building in 

which pigeons are bred and kept. Shakspeare. 
DO'VEHOUSE, dfiv'-hduse. n. s. A house for pi- 

Seons. U Estrange. 
'VELIKE*. d&v'-llke. a. Like a dove in quality. 
Beaumont and FletrJier. Resembling the appear- 
ance of a dove. Milton. 

DO'VESHIP* diV-ship. n. s. The quality of a dove. 
Bp. Hall. 

DO VET AIL §, duv'-tale. n. s. A form of joining two 
bodies together, where that which is inserted has 
the form of a wedge reversed, and therefore can- 
not fall out, 

DO'VETAILED* duv'-tal'd. a. Fastened in the 
dovetail way. Burke. 

DO'VISH*, chV-fsh. a. Having the innocence of a 
dove. Cotfut. of N. SJiaxton. 

DO' WABLE*, ddu'-a-bl. a. Capable of being dow- 
ered. Cowel. 

DO'WAGER, ddu/4-jfir. 223. n.s. [douairiere,Fr.] 
A widow with a jointure. Sliak. The title given to 
ladies who survive their husbands. Sliakspeare. 

DOWCETS*, ddu'-sets. n. s. plur. The testicles of 
a hart or stag. B. Jonson. 

DO'WDY, ddiV-de. 223. n.s. An awkward, ill- 
dressed, inelegant woman. Sliakspeare. 

DO'WDY, dd&Ade. a. Awkward. Gxy. 

DOWERS, ddu'-ur. 223. ; n. s. [douaire. Fr.] That 

DO WERY $, ddu'-ur-e. \ which the wife bringeth 
to her husband in marriage. Dryden. That which 
the widow possesses. Bktckstone. The gifts of a 
husband for a wife. Gen. xxxiv. Endowment; gift. 
Davi.es. . 

DO WERED, ddu'-fird. 359. a. Portioned. Shak. 

DOWERLESS, dSu'-fir-les. a. Wanting a fortune; 
unportioned. Shakspeare. 

DOWLE*, ddul. n. s. A feather. Sliakspeare. 

DOWLAS, ddu'-las. 223. n.s. A coarse kind of 
linen. Shakspeare. 

DOWN, ddun. 223. n. s. [duun, Danish.] Soft feath- 
ers. Wotton. Any thing that soothes or mollifies. 
Soutliern. Soft wool, or tender hair. Dryden. 
The soft fibres of plants which wing the seeds. 
Bacon. 

DOWN$, ddun. n.s. [bun, Sax.] A large open 

Slain : properly a flat on the top of a hill. Sidney. 
1 WN*, ddun. n. s. A sand-bank, or hill, properly ; 
in the plural, the road in which ships he on our 
billy coast of Kent. Gay. 



DOWN*, ddun. «. Downright ; plain. Beaumont ana 

Fletclier. Dejected ; as, a down look. 
DOWN, ddun. pi-ep. [abun, Sax.] Along a descent ; 
from a higher place to a lower. Towards the 
mouth of a river. Knolks. 
DOWN, ddun. ad. On the ground. Milton. Tend- 
ing towards the ground. Milton. From former to 
latter times: as, down from the conquest. Prior. 
Out of sight ; below the horizon. Shak. To a total 
subjection. Arbuthnot. Into disgrace ; into de- 
clining reputation. Hudibras. Answering to vp. 
Here and there. Psalm, lix. 
DOWN, ddun. interj. An exhortation to destruction 
or demolition. Sh't/c. A contemptuous threat. 
Shakspeare. 
DOWN, ddun. [Togo.] To be received; to be di- 
gested. Locke. To descend. Tragedy of Solhnan 
and Perseda. 
To DOWN, ddun. v. a. To knock ; to subdue ; to 

conquer. Sidnei). 
DOWN-BED*, dothy-bed. n.s. Bed of down. Mar- 
quis of Halifax. 
DOWNCAST*, ddtm'-kast. 7?..*. Sadness; melan- 
choly look. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DO'WNCAST, dd&n'-kast. a. Bent down; directed 

to the ground. Sidney. 
DO WNED*, ddu'-ned. a. Covered with soft feath- 
ers ; stuffed with down. Young. 
DOWNFAL, dd&nMall. 406. n.s. Ruin; calamity. 
S/uxk. A sudden fall. Dryden. Destruction of 
fabricks. Dryden. 
DOWNFALLEN, ddun'-faln. part. a. Ruined; fall- 
en. Shakspeare. 
DOWNGY'VED, ddun-jlv'd'. a. Hanging down like 
the loose cincture which confines fetters round the 
ankles. Steevens. 
DOWNHE'ARTED* ddun-hart'-eU a. Dejected ; 

spiritless. 
DOWNHILL, ddfin'-hil. n.s. Declivity; descent. 

Dryden. 
DO'WNHILL, ddfin'-hil. a. Declivous ; descending. 

Congreve. 
DOWNLOOKED, ddun'-lddkt. a. Having a de- 
jected countenance. Dryden. 
D'0 / WNLYING,ddun-ll / -?ng. a. About to be in trav- 
ail of childbirth. 
DOWNLYING*, ddun-ll'-lng. n.s. The time of ly- 
ing down, of repose ; night. Cavendish. 
DOWNRIGHT, ddun'-rlte. a. Plain; open; appa- 
rent ; undisguised. Bacon. Directly tending to the 
point. B. Jonson. Unceremonious ; honestly surly. 
Fuller. Plain ; without palliation. Brown. 
DO'WNRIGHT, ddun-rlte'. ad. Straight or right 
down. Hudibras. In plain terms; without cere- 
mony. Shak. Completely; without stopping short. 
Arbuthnot. 
DOWNRIGHTLY*, ddun'-rlte-le. ad. In plain 

terms: bluntly. Barrow. 
DOWNSITT1NG, ddon-sftMJng. n.s. Rest ; repose. 

Psalm, exxxix. 
DOWNSTEETY*, ddun-stee'-pe. a. Having a 

great declivity. Florio. 
'WNTROD*, ddon'-trdd. ) M . 

DO'WNTRODDEN* ddun'-trdd-dn. $ P arL a - 
Pushed down ; trampled upon. Shakspeare. 

DOWNWARD, ddun'-wurd. 88. ) ad. [bune 

DOWNWARDS, ddun'-wfirdz. \ peanb,Sax.] 
Towards the centre. Newton. From a higher situ- 
ation to a lower. Milton. In the course of success- 
ive or lineal descent. Sliakspeare. 

DOWNWARD, ddun'-word. a. Moving on a de- 
clivity; tending to the ground. Dryden. Declivous: 
bending. Dryden. Depressed ; dejected. Sidney. 

DOWNWEED*, ddiV-weed. w. s. Cottonweed. 
Barret. 

DO'WNY, ddu'-ne. a. Covered with down or nap. 
Shak. Made of down or soft feathers. Dryden. 
Soft; tender; soothing. Sliakspeare. 

DO'WRE, ddur. 223. )n. s. [douaire, Fr.l A por- 

DOWRY, ddu'-re. S tion given with a wife. Sid- 
ney. A reward paid for a wife. Cowley. A gift; 
a fortune given. 

b 312 



DRA 



DRA 



116, m6v e , ndr, not;— tiSbc, tub, bull; — 6ll;— pdfind; — thin, THis. 



To DOWSE $*, d6us. t>. a. [daska, Su. Goth.] To 

give a blow on the face ; to strike. Bailey. 
DOWST*. doiist. 7i. s. A stroke. Beaum. and Fl. 
DOXOLO'GICAL*, doks-6-l6dj -e-kal. a. Having 

a form of thanksgiving to God. Howell. 
DOXO'LOGY $, \l6k-&l'-6-je. 518. n. s. [tya and 
Xdyo?.] A form of giving glory to God. Stilling fleet. 
DOXY, dok'-se. n. s. A whore ; a loose wench. 

Shafo}*arc. 

To DOZE $. d6ze. v. n. [bpaer. Sax.] To slumber ; 

to sleep lightlv. L' Estrange. To live in a state of 

drowsiness. Dryden. 

To DOZE §, dize. u. a. To stupify ; to dull. Clarendon. 

DOZEN, dfiz'-zn. 103. «. s. [</ou.rmn<?, Fr.] The 

number of twelve. Sliakspeare. 
DO'ZINESS. d6 / -ze-nes. n.s. Sleepiness. Locke. 
DOLING*, d6 / -zing. n. s. Sluggishness. Lord Clies- 

(prlield. 
DO ZY, do'-ze. a. Sleepy ; drowsy. Dryden. 
DRAB£, drab. n.s. [Opabbe, Sax.] A strumpet. 

Shakspeare. A slut. King. 
To DRAB*, drab. v. n. To'associate with strumpets. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DRA'BBING*. drab'-bing. n. s. Keeping company 

with drabs. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DRA'BLER*. drab'-l6r. n. s. [In naval language.] A 

piece added to the bonnet, when more sail is wanted. 

DRACHM, dram. n. s. [drachma, Lat.] An old 

Greek coin. Shak. The eighth part of an ounce. 

Confrere. 

DRACU'NCULUS, dra-kfinMcu-lus. n.s. [Lat.] 

A worm bred in hot countries. 
DRAD, drad. a. [for dread, or the part, passive of 

To dread.] Terrible ; formidable. Spenser. 
T)RAV*.<irtd.pret.o{Todrecul. Feared. Spenser. 
DRAFF j, draf. n.s. [bpop, Sax. j draf, Dutch.] 
Refuse ; lees ; dregs : properly something fluid. 
Sliakspeare. Refuse ; sweepings. Dryden. 
DRA'FFISH*. draf -fish. a. Worthless. Bale. 
DRA'FFY, draf-fe. a. Worthless; dreggy. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
DRAFT, draft. A corrupt spelling from draught. 
To DRAG $. drag. v. a. [bjia^an, Sax.] To pull 
along the ground by mam force; to draw heavily 
along. Denham. To draw any thing burthensome. 
Dryden. To draw contemptuously along, as a 
thing unworthy to be carried. Stillingjleet. To pull 
about with violence and ignominy. Milton. To 
pull roughly and forcibly. Dryden. 
To DRAG, drag. v. n. To hang so low as to trail 

or grate upon the ground. Dryden. 
DRAG, drag. n. s. A net drawn along the bottom 
of the water. Habak. An instrument with hooks 
to catch hold of things under water. Walton. A 
kind of car drawn by the hand. Moxon. 
To DRA'GGLE §, drag'-gl. 405. v. a. To make dirty 

bv dragging on the ground. Gay. 
To'DRA'GGfLE, drag'-gl. v. n. To grow dirty by 

being drawn along the ground. Hudibras. 
DRA'GGLETAIL*, drag'-gl-tale. n. s. A sluttish 

woman. Sherwood. 
DRA'GMAN* drag'-man. n. s. A fisherman that 

uses a dragnet. Hale. 
DRA'GNET, drag'-net. n. s. [bpse^e-net, Sax.] 
A net which is drawn along the bottom of the wa- 
ter. Bp. Hall. 
DRA'GOMAN*: See Drtjggerma.w 
DRA'GON§, drag'-fin. 166. n. 5. [draco, Lat. drag- 
on. Fr.] A kind of winged serpent, perhaps ima- 
ginary, much celebrated in the romances of the 
middle ages. Sfmk. A fierce, violent man or wo- 
man. A constellation near the north pole. 
DRA'GON, drag'-im. n. s. A plant. 
DRA'GONET, drag'-un-eU. n. s. A little dragon. 

Sptn*er. 
DRA'GONFLY, drag'-un-fll. n.s. A fierce stinging 

flv. Baron. 
DRA'GONISH, diV-un-Jsh. a. Having the form of 

a dragon. Shakspeare. 
DRA'GONLIKE, drag'-un-llke. a. Furious; fiery. 

SJiaJcsjieare. 
DRA'GONSBLOOD, drag'-unz-blud. n.s. (SJia- 
40 



canblob, Sax.] A resin, so named as to seem to 
have been imagined an animal production. Hill. 

DRA'GONSHEAD, drag'-unz-hed. n. s. A plant. 

DRA'GONTREE, drag'-un-tree. n. s. A species of 
palm. 

DRAGOON^ dra-goOn'. [See Encore.] n. *. 

Sfrom the Roman draconarii.] A kind of soldier 
lat serves indifferently either on foot or horseback. 

Toiler. Formerly used for a dragoonade. Bp 

Barlow. 
ToVRXGO'OX, dra-g66n'. v. a. To persecute b> 

abandoning a place to the rage of soldiers. Prior. 
DRAGOONA'DE*, drag-66n-a.de 7 . n.s. An abau 

donment of a place to the rage of soldiers. Burnet. 
ToDRAIL^*, drale. v. a. [the same as trail.] To 

draw; to drag. More. 
To DRAIL*, drale. v. n. To draggle. South. 
To DRAIN Mrane. to. a. [bpehni^ean, Sax.] To 

draw oft' gradually. Bacon. To empty by drawing 

gradually away. Roscommon. To make quite dry. 

Sum. 

DRAIN, drane. n. s. The channel through which 
liquids are gradually drawn ; a watercourse ; a 
sink. Moiiimer. 
DRATNABLE*, dr&'-na-bl. a. Capable of being 

drained. Sherwood. 
DRAKE, drake, n. s. The male of the duck. Morti- 
mer. The drakefly. Walton. A small piece of 
artillery. Clarendon. 
DRAM (, dram. n. s. [drachma, Lat.] In weight the 
eighth part of an ounce. Bacon. A small quantity, 
in a proverbial sense. Spenser. Such a quantity 
of distilled spirits as is usually drank at once. 
Shakspeare. Spirits; distilled liquors. Pope. 
To DRAM, dram. v. n. To drink drams. 
DRAM-DRINKER*, dram'-drmk-ur. n. s. One who 
is in the habit of drinking distilled spirits. Bishop 
Berkeley. 
DRA'MA$, dra'-ma, or dram'-ma. n. s. [6pafia.] A 
poem accommodated to action ; a poem in which 
the action is not related, but represented ; and in 
which, therefore, s*uch rules are to be observed as 
make the representation probable. Dryden. 
O^J* The last mode of pronouncing this word is that 
which was universally current till within ihese few 
years ; hut the first has insensibly stolen into use, as we 
may observe from the several dictionaries which have 
adopted it. Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, Mr. Nares, and, 
as far as we can judge by the position of the accent, 
Entick and Bailey pronounce it with the first a long ; 
and Dr. Kenrick, Buchanan, and, if we may guess at Dr. 
Ash by his accent, with the same letter short. Mr. 
Scott gives both ways ; but, by placing the sound with 
the long a first, seems to prefer it. The authorities are 
certainly on the side I have adopted ; but I wish also to 
establish it by analogy. 
And, first, it may be observed, that, if any argument can ba 
drawn from the Latin quantity to the English, it is cer- 
tainly in favour of the first pronunciation ; for, in a 
Latin word of two syllables, where a consonant comes 
between two vowels, the consonant always goes to the 
last, and the first vowel is pronounced long, without the 
least regard to the quantity. Thus, Crates, the philos- 
opher, and crates, a hurdle ; decus, honour, and dedo, 
to give ; Svo, to triumph, and Ovum, an egg; Numa, 
the legislator, and vumen, the divinity, have the first 
vowels always sounded long, by an English speaker, al- 
though in the Latin the first vowel in the first word of 
oach of these pairs is short. From this universal man- 
ner of pronouncing Latin words, though contrary to 
Latin quantity, it is no wonder, when we adopt words 
from that language without any alteration, we should 
pronounce them in the same manner ; and it may be 
fairly concluded, that this uniform pronunciation of the 
Latin arises from the genius of our own tongue ; which 
always inclines us to lengthen the accented vowel be- 
fore a single consonant in words of two syllables ; oth- 
erwise, what reason can we assign for the rule laid 
down by our ancestors for doubling the consonant in 
verbs, verbal nouns, and participles, where a single 
vowel was preceded by a single consonant in the theme? 
But an affectation of Latinity seems to have disturbed 
the general pronunciation of our own language, as 
much as our own pronunciation has disturbed the Latin 
quantity: for, though we neglect the quantity of Latin 
dissyllables, when we are pronouncing that language, 
yot,"in dissyllables of our own, formod from the Latin, 
313 



DRA 



DRA 



IT 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat 5— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



and anglicised, we seem to be, in some measure, guided 
by the Latin quantity. To what else can we attribute 
the short sound of the first vowel in magick, placid, 
tepid, vigil, novel, &c. ? and to what but the genuine 
force of vernacular pronunciation can we ascribe the 
long sound of u in this situation, let the quantity of the 
Latin original be what it will ? Thus, though epick, 
topick, cynick, and tonick, have the first vowel short, 
tunick, stupid, Cupid, tumid, &c. have the u long, 
though always short in the Latin words from which 
they are derived. But however this may be in words 
anglicised from the Latin, and ending in a consonant, 
perhaps, in nothing is our pronunciation more regular 
than in the quantity of the first vowel in a word of two 
syllables ending with a vowel: in this case the first 
vowel is invariably long ; and why the word in ques- 
tion should be the only exception, cannot easily be ac- 
counted for. We have no words originally English of 
this form ; but those we adopt from other languages suf- 
ficiently show the analogy of pronunciation : thus gola, 
coma, China, era, strata, quota, fico, dado, sago, bravo, 
tyro, hero, negro, <fcc. &c. have all the firsf syllable 
long ; and why drama should not fall into the same 
analogy, I cannot conceive. A corroboration of this is 
the pronunciation of lama, Brama, Zama, and Zara, 
and all proper names of the same form from the Greek 
and Latin, as Cato, Plato, Strato, Crito, Draco, &c. ; 
and I think it may be with confidence asserted, that an 
Englishman, who had never beard the word drama pro- 
nounced, would naturally place the accent upon the 
first syllable, and pronounce the vowel in that syllable 
long and slender. 544. W. 

DRAMATICAL, dra-mat'-e-kal. \ a. Represented 
DRAMA'TICK, dra-mat'-lk. 509. $ by action ; not 

narrative. Bentley. 
DRAMATICALLY, dra-mat'-e-kal-e. ad. Repre- 
sentatively; by representation. Dmjden. 
DRAMATIST, dram'-a-ust. 503. n. s. The author 

of dramatiek compositions. Burnet. ' 
DRANK, drank. The pret. of drink. 
To DRAPES, drape, v.n. [drap, Fr.] To make 

cloth. Bacon. To jeer, or satirize. 
DRATER, dra'-pur.' 98. n. s. One who sells cloth. 

Boyle. 
DRATERY, dri'-pur-e. n. s. [drapperie, Fr.] Cloth- 
work ; the trade of making cloth. Bacon. Cloth ; 
stuffs of wool. Arbuthnot. The dress of a picture 
or statue. Pnor. 
DRA'PET, dra'-pet. n. s. Cloth ; coverlet. Spenser. 

Ob. J. 
DRA'STICIMras'-tfk. a. [5pdoTiKos.~] Powerful ; ef- 
ficacious. Used of a medicine that works with 
speed ; as, the stronger purges. Quincy. 
DRAUGH, draf. 331. n. s. [corruptly written for 

draf.] Refuse ; swill. Shakspeare. 
DRAUGHT^, draft. 215, 393. n.s. The act of drink- 
ing. Swift. A Quantity of liquor drank at once. 
Boyle. Liquor drank for pleasure. Milton. The 
act of drawing or pulling carriages. Shak. The 
quality of being drawn. Mortimer. Representation 
by picture. Dryden. Delineation ; sketch ; out- 
line. South. A picture drawn. South. The act 
of sweeping with a net. Hale. The quantity of 
fishes taken by once drawing the net. L' Estrange. 
The act of shooting with the bow. Camden. Di- 
version in war ; the act of disturbing the main de- 
sign. Spenser. Forces drawn off from the main 
army ; a detachment. Addison. A sink ; a drain. 
St. Matthew, xv. The depth which a vessel draws, 
or sinks into the water. Dryden. In the plural, 
draughts : a kind of play resembling chess. [In 
commerce.] A bill drawn for the payment of 
money. 
To DRAUGHT*, draft, v. a. To draw out ; to call 

forth. Addison. 
DRA'UGHTHOUSE, drafV-hSus. n.s. A house in 

which filth is deposited. 2 Kings, x. 
DRAUGHTSMAN*, drafts'-man. n. s. One who 
draws pleadings or other writings. One who 
draws pictures, plans, or maps. 
DRAVE, drave. The pret. ofdHve. Drove is more 

used. • 

To DRAWv, draw. v. a. pret. drew ; part. pass. 
drawn. [bp,a£an, Sax.] To pull along. 2 Sam. 
kvj, To pull forcibly; to pluck. Atterbury. To 



bring by violence ; to drag. James, ii. To raise 
out of a deep place. Jer. xxxviii. To suck. Ecclus 
xiii. To attract; to call towards itself. Bacon 
To draw as the magnet does. Donne. To inhale. 
Milton. To take from any thing containing or 
holding. 2 Chron. To take off the spit or broacher. 
Dryden. To take from a cask. Shak. To pull a 
sword from the sheath. Shak. To let out any 
liquid. Sliak. To take bread out of the oven. 
Mortimer. To unclose or slide back curtains. 
Shak. To close or spread curtains. Sidney. To 
extract. Bacon. To procure as an agent cause. 
Locke. To produce or bring as an efficient cause. 
Sir J. Davies. To convey secretly or gradually 
Judg. xx. To protract ; to lengthen. Shak. To 
utter lingeringly. Dryden. To derive. Dryden. 
To deduce as from postulates. Temple. To imply. 
Locke. To allure ; to entice. Shak. To lead as a 
motive. Slutk. To persuade to follow. Shak. To 
induce ; to persuade. Davies. To win ; to gain ; 
a metaphor from naming. Shak. To receive ; to 
take up. Shak. To extort ; to force. Dryden. To 
wrest ; to distort. Whitgift. To compose ; to form 
in writing. Shak. To withdraw from judicial no- 
tice. Shak. To withdraw from the combat; to 
leave a fight unfinished ; as, a drawn battle. To 
eviscerate; to embowel. King. To trace by 
scent ; to draw, as a hound does. Coles. To rep- 
resent by picture ; or in fancy. Shak. To form a 
representative image. Dryden. — To draw mi. 
To contract ; to pull back. Gay. To draw in. 
To inveigle ; to entice. Hudibi-as. To draw off. 
To extract by distillation. Addison. To draw 
off. To drain out by a vent. Mortimer. To 
draw off. To withdraw; to abstract. Addison. 
To draw on. To occasion ; to invite. Haxjward. 
To draw on. To cause. Boyle. To draw 
ova-. To raise in a still. Boyle. To draw over. 
To persuade to revolt; to induce to change a 

f>arty. Addison. To draw oirf. To protract ; to 
engthen. Shak. To draw out. To beat out. 
Moxon. To draw out. To extract; to pump 
out by insinuation. Sidney. To draw out. To 
induce by motive. Hooker. To draw out. To 
call to action. Dryden. To range in battle. Col- 
lier. To draw up. To form m order of battle. 
Dryden. To draw up. To form in writing. 
Dryden. 

To DRAW, draw. v. n. To perform the office of a 
beast of draught. Deut. xxi. To act as a weight. 
Addison. To contract; to shrink. Bacon. To 
advance ; to move. Sliak. To draw together ; to 
be collected. Blackmore. To adhere ; to cleave. 
Wicliffe. To draw a sword. Sliak. f jTo practise 
the art of delineation. Locke. To ta^e a card out 
of the pack. Dryden. To make a sore run by at- 
traction. — To draw off. To retire ; to reireat." 
To draw on. To advance ; to approach. Dry 
den. To draw up. To form troops into regular 
order. Clarendon. 

DRAW, draw. n. s. The act of drawing. The lot 
or chance drawn. 

DRA'WABLE*, draw'-a-bl. a. Capable of being 
drawn. More. 

DRA'WBACK, draw'-bak. n. s. Money paid back 
for ready payment, or anv other reason. Swift. 

DRA'WBRIDGE, draw'-brldje. n.s. A bridge made 
to be lifted up, to hinder or admit communication 
at pleasure. Carew. 

DRAWEE'*, draw-ee'. n.s. One on whom a bill of 
exchange is drawn. Blackstone. 

DRA'WER, draw'-ur. n.s. One employed in procur- 
ing water from the well. Deut. xxix. One whose 
business is to draw liquors from the cask. Shak. 
That which has the power of attraction ; that which 
incites. Massinger. A box in a case, out of which 
it is drawn at pleasure. Locke. One who draws a 
bill of exchange. In the plural, the lower part of a 
man's dress. Locke. 

DRA'WING, draw'-uig. n.s. Delineation; repre- 
sentation. Pope. 

DRaVWINGROOM, draw'-ing-ro6m. n. s. The room 
314 



_« 



DRE 



DRT 



— n6, mdve, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull 3 — 6il ;— p6und ;— thin, THis. 



in which company assembles at court. Pcrpe. The 
company assembled there. Johnson. 

To DRAWLS, drawl, v.n. To utter any thing in a 
slow, drivelling way. Bp. Hall. 

IVDRAWL*, drawl, v. a. To consume in a drivel- 
ling way. Idler. 

DRAWL"*, drawl, n. s. A protracted modulation of 
the voice. Mason. 

DRAWN, drawn, port, from draw. Collected. Clar- 
endon. Pulled. Dryden. Equal ; where each par- 
ty takes his own stake. Addison. With a sword 
drawn. Shak. Open 5 put aside, or unclosed. 
Dryden. Eviscerated. Shak. Induced as from 
some motive. Spenser. 

DRA'WWELL, draw'-wel. n. s. A deep well. 
Grew. 

DRAYS, dri. ) n. s. [bna*, Sax.] 

DRA'YCARTS, dra'-kart. \ The car on which 
•beer is carried. Addison. 

DRAYHORSE, dra'-h6rse. n. s. A horse which 
draws a dray. Tatler. 

DRA'YMAN" dra'-man. 88. n. s. One that attends a 
drav or cart. Slw.kspeare. 

DRA YPLOUGH, dra'-pldu. ji.s. A plough of a 
particular kind. Mortimer, 

DRA'ZEL, draz'-zl. 102, 405. n. s. A low, mean, 
worthless wretch. Hndibras. 

DREADS, dred. 234. n.s. [bpseb, Sax.] Fear 3 ter- 
rour ; affright. Shak. Habitual fear ; awe. Gen. 
ix. The person or thing feared. Isaiah, viii. 

DREAD, dred. a. Terrible 3 frightful. Shak. Awful; 
venerable in the highest degree. Milton. 

To DREAD, dred. v. a. To tear in an excessive de- 
gree. Wake. 

To DREAD, dred. v. n. To be in fear. Deut. i. 

DRE'ADABLE*, dred'.-a-bl. a. To be dreaded or 
feared. Kalendar of Shepherds. 

DRE ; ADER.dred'-ur. 98. n. 5. One that lives in fear. 
Swift. 

DRE'ADFUL, dred'-fiil. a. Terrible ; frightful. Mil- 
ton. Awful ; venerable. Genesis, xxviii. Full of 
fear. Spenser. 

DRE'ADFULNESS, dred'-ful-nes. n.s. Terrible- 
ness ; frightfulness. Hakewill. 

DRE'ADFULLY, drgd'-ful-e. ad. '"erribly ; fright- 
fully. Dryden. 

DRE'ADLESS, dred'-les. a. Fearless ; unaffright- 
ed ; intrepid. Spenser. 

DRE'ADLESSNESS, dred'-les-nes. n. s. Fearless- 
ness. Sidney. 

DREAMS, dreme. 227. n. s. [droom, Dut.] A phan- 
tasm of sleep; the thoughts of a sleeping man. 
Shak. An idle fancy ; a wild conceit. ShaJc. 

To DREAM, dreme. v. n. preter. dreamed, or dreamt. 
To have the representation of something in sleep. 

• Locke. To think ; to imagine. Shale. To think 
idly. Locke. To be sluggish ; to idle. Dryden. 

To DREAM, dreme. v. a.'To see in a dream. Dry- 
den. 

DRE'AMER, dre'-mur. 98. n.s. One who has 
dreams ; one who has fancies in his sleep. Dry- 
den. An idle, fanciful man 3 a visionary. Sliak. 
Formerly, an interpreter of dreams. Gen. xxxvii. 
A mope! Prior. A sluggard ; an idler. 

DRE'AMFUL* dreme'-ful. a. Full of dreams. 
Hubet. 

DREAMINGLY*, dreme'-ing-le. ad. Slugglishly 3 
negligently. Huloet. 

DRE'AMLESS, dreme'-l^s. a. Free from dreams. 
Camden. 

DREAR, drere. 227. a. Mournful ; dismal. Milton. 

DR-EAR, drere. n. s. Dread 3 terrour. Spenser. 
DRE'ARIHEAD, dre'-re-heU n.s. Horrour; dis- 
malness. Spenser. Ob. J. 

DRE'ARILY*, dre'-re-le. ad. Dreadfully ; terribly. 

Speriser. 
DRE'ARIMENT, dre'-re-ment. n. s. Sorrow ; dis- 
mal ness. Spenser. Horrour ; dread 3 terrour. Spen- 
ser. 
DRE ; ARINESS*, dre / -re-nes.n..s. Dismalness; sor- 
row. Manning. 
DREARYS, dre'-re. a. [bpeopi£, Sax.] Sorrow- 



ful 5 distressful. Spenser Gloomy 3 dismal 3 hor 
rid. Drt/den, 

DREDGES, dredje. n. *. A kind of net. Carew. 

To DREDGE, dredje. v. a. To gather with a dredge 
Kan. 

DREDGE $*, dredje. n. s. A mixture of oats and bar 
ley sown together. 

To DREDGE*, dredje. r. a. To scatter flour on any 
thing which is roasting. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DRE'DGER, dred'-jur. n. s. One who fishes with a 
dredge. An instrument to scatter flour on meat 
while roasting. Ash. 

To DREE*, die. v. a. [bpeah, Sax.] To suffer ; to 
endure. Ray. 

DRE'GGINESS. dreg'-ge-nes. n.s. Fulness of dregs 
or lees. 

DRF/GG1SH, dreV-g?sh. a. Foul with lees. Harvey. 

DREGGY, dreg'-ge. 382. a. Containing dregs ; 
muddy ; feculent. Blackmore. 

DREGS S, drfigz. n.s. [bpeyten, Sax.] The sedi 
ment of liquors ; the Ipes 3 the grounds. Davies 
Any thing by which purity is corrupted. Bacon 
Dross ; sweepings ; refuse. Dryden. 

To DREIN, drane. 249. v.n. To empty. Congreve. 

To DRENCH S, drensh. r. a. [bpencean, Sax.] To 
wash 5 to soak ; to steep. Shak. To saturate with 
drink or moisture. Shak. To physick by violence. 
Mortimer. 

DRENCH, drSnsh. n. s. A draught ; a swill. Milton. 
Physick for a brute. Farrier's Diet. Physick that 
must be given by violence. Beaumont ana Fletclier 
A channel of water. 

DRE NCHER, drensh'-ur. n. s. One that dips or 
steeps any thing. One that gives physick by force 
Diet. 

DRENT, drent. part. Drenched. Spenser. 

To DRESS S, dres. v. a. [dresser, Fr.] To clothe; to 
invest with clothes. Dryden. To clothe pompously 
or elegantly. Taylor. To adorn 3 to deck ; to em- 
bellish. Clarendon. To cover a wound with 
medicaments. Wiseman. To curry 3 to rub. Bp. 
Taylor. To break or teach a horse. Dryden. To 
rectify; to adjust. Gen. ii. To prepare for any 
purpose. Mortimer. To trim ; to fit any thing for 
ready use. Ex. xxx. To prepare victuals for the 
table. 2 Sam. xii. 

To DRESS*, dr£s. v. n. To pay particular regard (o 
dress. Bramston. [In military language.] 1 o keep 
the body in such a relative position, as to contribute 
towards, and make a part of, an exact continuity 
of line. James' Military Diet. 

DRESS, drh. n. s. Clothes ; garment ; habit. Gov. 
of the Tongue. Splendid clothes ; habit of cere- 
mony. Richardson. The skill of adjusting dress. 
Pope. 

DRE'SSER, dreV-sur. n. s. One employed in putting 
on the clothes of another. Bp. Taylor. One em- 
ployed in regulating or adjusting any thing. St. 
Luke, xiii. The bench in a kitchen on whicli meat 
is dressed. Shakspeare. 

DRE'SSING, dreV-smg. n. s. Attire ; ornament. B 
Jonson. The application made to a sore. Wise 
man. Manual labour upon ground. Evelyn. 

DRE'SSY*. dreV-se. a. Distinguished by dress. 

DRE'SSINGROOM, dreV-sIng-r6om. n. s. The room 
in which clothes are put on. Swift. 

DREST, drest. part, [from dress.] 

§^r" This is one of those words which, for the sake of 
rhyming to the eye, as it may be called, poets have con- 
tracted into an irregular form; but how unnecessarily 
may be seen, Principles, No. 360. W. 

To DRIBS, drib. v. a. [contracted from dribble.] To 

crop ; to cut off. Sidney. 
DRIB*, drfb. n. s. A drop. Swift. 
To DRPBBLES, drib'-bl. 405. v.n. [from drop.] To 

fall in drops. To fall weakly and slowly. Shak. 

To proceed slowly. Milton. To slaver as a child 

or idiot. 
To DRPBBLE, drnV-bl. v. a. To throw down in 

drops. Swift. 
DRFBBLING* drlb'-ling. n. s A falling in drops. 

Woodward. 

315 



DRI 



DRO 



O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ;— 



DRIBLET. drlbMet. n. s. A small sum 3 odd money 
in a sum. Dryden. 

DRPER, drl'-ur. n. s. That which has the quality of 
absorbing moisture. Bacon. 

DRIFTS, drift, n. s. Force impellent ; impulse. South. 
Violence ; course. Spenser. Any thing driven at 
random. Dry den. Any thing driven or borne 
along in a body. Pope. A storm ; a shower. Sliak. 
A snowdrift ; a deep body of snow. Tendency, or 
aim of action. Hooker. Scope of a discourse. Til- 
lotson. 

To DRIFT, drift, v. a. To drive ; to urge along. El- 
lis. To throw together on heaps. Thomson. 

To DRIFT*, drift, v. n. To form into heaps 5 as, the 
snow drifts. 

DRIFT-WAY*, drm'-wa. n. s. A common road for 
driving cattle. Cowel. 

DRIFT- WIND*, drlft'-wmd. n. s. A wind that drives 
all before it, or that throws any matter into heaps 
or drifts. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To DRILL §, drfl. v.a. [tiplian, Sax.] To pierce 
anything with a drill. Moxon.. To perforate; to 
bore. Hudihras. To make a hole. Moxon. To 
delay ; to put off. Addison. To draw from step to 
step. South. To drain ; to draw slowly. Tlwmson. 
To form to arms ; to teach the military exercise. 
Hudihras. 

To DRILL*, drll. v. n. To flow gently or slowly. 
Cockeram. To muster; to assemble in order to 
exercise. Beaumont a?id Fletclier. 

DRILL, drll. n. s. An instrument with which holes 
are bored. Boyle. An ape ; a baboon. Locke. A 
small dribbling brook. Sandys. Military exercise. 
B. Jonson. 

To DRINK §, drink, v.n. preter. drank, or drunk ; 
part. pass, drunk, or drunken, formerly dronk and 
dronken. [bpeucan, Sax.] To swallow liquors; to 
quench thirst. Slutk. To feast ; to be entertained 
with liquors. Genesis, xliii. To drink to excess. 
Pope.— To drink to. To salute in drinking. SImk. 
To drink to. To wish well to in the act of taking 
the cup. Shakspeare. 

To DRINK, drink, v. a. To swallow : applied to li- 
quids. 1 Samuel, xxx. To suck up; to absorb. 
Dryden. To take in by an inlet ; to hear ; to see. 
Shak. To act upon by drinking. SImk. To make 
drunk. 1 Kings, xvi. 
DRINK, drink, n.s. Liquor to be swallowed. Milton. 

Liquor of any particular kind. Shakspeare. 
DRPNKABLE, drink'-a-bl. a. Potable ; such as may 

be drunk. Wodroephe. 
DRINKER, drlnk'-fir. 93. n.s. [bnincene, Sax.] 
One that drinks to excess ; a drunka.d. Bacon. 
One that drinks any liquor, but not to excess. Ju- 
nius. 

DRPNKING*, drlnk'-lng. n. s. The act of quenching 
thirst. Bp. Taylor. A festival. Esther, i. The 
habit of drinking strong liquors to excess. Lord 
Chesterfield. 

DRINKING-HORN*, drink '-mg-horn. n.s. [bjienc- 
honn, Sax.] A drinking cup made of horn. 

DRINKING-HOUSE*, drlnk'-lng-hdfts. n. s. 
[bpenc-hur, Sax.] An ale-house. 

DRFNKLESS*, drlnk'-les. a. Without drink. Chau- 
cer. 

DRPNKMONEY, drlnk'-mun-ne. n.s. Money giv- 
en to buy liquor. Arhuthnot. 

To DRIP §, drip. v.n. [bpypan, Sax.] To fall in 
drops. To have drops falling from it. Dryden. 

To DRIP, drip. v. a. To let fall in drops. Swift. To 
drop fat in roasting. Walton. 

DRIP, drip. n. s. [from the verb.] That which falls 
in drops. Abp. Laud. [In architecture.] A large 
flat member of the cornice, the corona ; called by 
workmen the drip. Chambers. 

DRI'PPING, drlp'-plng. n. s. The fat which house- 
wives gather from roast meat. Swift. 

DRPPPINGPAN, drlp'-plng-pan. n.s. The pan in 
which the fat of roast meat is caught. Beaumont 
and Fletclier. 

DRPPPLE, drtp'-pl. a. Weak, or rare. Fairfax. 

To DRIVE §, drive, v. a. pret. drove, anciently drave ; 



part. pass, driven, or drove, [bpiran, Sax.] To 
produce motion in any thing by violence. To force 
along by impetuous pressure. Pope. To expel by 
force from any place. Dryden. To send by force 
to any place. Shak. To chase ; to hunt. Chevy 
Cluise. To force or urge in any direction. Hal. iii. 
To impel to greater speed, 2 Kings. To guide 
and regulate a carriage. Exodus, xiv. To convey 
animals under guidance. Addison. To clear any 
place by forcing away what is in it. Dryden. To 
force ; to compel. Ascham. To hurry on inconsid- 
erately. Bp. Taylor. To distress ; to straiten. 
Spenser. To urge by violence, not kindness. Dry- 
den. To impel by influence of passion. Shak. To 
urge ; to press to a conclusion. Bacon. To carry 
on ; to keep in motion. Bacon. To purify by mo- 
tion. Shak. — To drive out. To expel. K. Charles. 

To DRFVE, drive, v. n. To go as impelled bv any 
external agent. Brown. To rush with violence. 
Dryden. To pass in a carriage. Shak. To tend 
to, as the scope and ultimate design. Brown. To 
aim; to strike at with fury. Slutk. To distrain. 
Cleaveland. 

DRIVE*, drive, n. s. Passage in a carriage. Bosicell. 

To DRPVEL, drlv'-vl. 102. v. n. [from drip, drip- 
pie, dribhel, drivel.] To slaver; to let the spittle fall 
in drops, like a child, an idiot, or a dotard. Sidney. 
To be weak or foolish ; to dote. Shakspeare. 

DRPVEL, drlv'-vl. n. s. Slaver ; moisture shed from 
the mouth. Dryden. A fool; an idiot; a driveller. 
Sidney. 

DRIVELLER, drlv'-vl-ftr. n. s. A fool ; an idiot. 
Swift. 

DRPVEN, drfv'-vn. 103. Participle of drive. 

DRPVER, drl'-vur. n. s. The person or instrument 
who gives any motion by violence. One who 
drives beasts. Sandys. One who drives a car- 
riage. Dryden. One who considers a thing as his 
ultimate design. Mountagu. 

DRPVING*, drl'-vlng. n. s. The act of giving mo- 
tion. 2 Kings, ix. Tendencv. Brewer. 

To DRPZZLE $, drlz'-zl. 405. v. a. [driselen, Germ.] 
To shed in small, slow drops ; as winter rains. Shak. 

To DRPZZLE, drlz'-zl. v. n. To fall in short, slow- 
drops. Spenser. 

DRPZZLE*, drlz'-zl. n. s. A small rain. 

DRPZZLING*, drlz'-zllng. n. s. A slow drop. Bale. 

DRPZZLY, drlz'-zl-e. a. Shedding small rain. Dry- 
den. 

DROIL§, dr&ll. n.s. [driole, Icel.] One employed in 
mean labour; a slave ; a drudge. Beau, and Fl. 

To DROIL, droll, v. n. To work sluggishly and 
slowly ; to plod. Spenser. 

DROLLS, dr6le. 406. n. s. [drdle. Fr.l One whose 
business is to raise mirth by petty tricks ; a jester^ 
a buffoon. Howell. A farce. Swift. 

j£p When this word is used to signify a farce, it is pro- 
nounced so as to rhyme with doll, loll, &.c. 406. If this 
wanted proof, we might quote Swift, who was too scru- 
pulous to rhyme it with extol, if it had not been so pro 
nounced : 

" Some as justly fame extols, 
" For lofty lines in Smithfield drolls." 
This double pronunciation of the same word to signify 
different things is a gross perversion of language. Ei- 
ther the orthography or the pronunciation ought to bo 
altered. Droll, when signifying a farce, ought either 
to be pronounced so as to rhyme with hole, or to be 
written with only one I. — See Bowl. W. 

To DROLL, drole. v.n. To jest; to play the buffoon. 
Glanville. 

To DROLL*, drole. v. a. To cheat ; to trick 
L' 'Estrange. 

DRO'LLER*, drd'-l&r. n. s. A jester ; a buffoor. 
Glanville. 

DRO'LLERY, dr6 / -lur-e. n.s. Idle jokes ; buffoon- 
ery. Government of the Tongue. A show. Shak 

DROLLING*, droMlng. n. s. Burlesque ; low wit. 
Hallywell. 

DRO'LLINGLY*, droMlng-le. ad. In a jesting man- 
ner. Goodnuxn. 

DRO'LUSH* dro'-llsh. a. Somewhat droU. 
316 



wmm 



DRO 



DRU 



—116, move, n6r, 1161 ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 651 ;— odund ;— thin, thIs. 



DROMEDARY, driW-e-da-re. loo. n. s. [drome- 

dare, ha 1 ..] A sort of camel. Calrnei. 
#y- I have, in the sound of the in this word, followed 

Mr. Nares rather thun Air. Sheridan, and, I think, with 

the best usage on my side. W. 
DRONES, drone, n. s. [bnoen, Sax.] The bee 

which makes no honey. Shak. A sluggard ; an 

idler. Shak. The hum, or instrument of humming. 

Mi/ton. 
To DRONE, drone r. n. To live in idleness ; to 

dream. Dryden. To give a heavy, dull tone. Dnj- 
den. 
DRONING*, dro'-nhig. n. s. Utterance in a dull, 

drivelling" manner. Swift. 1 

DRO NISH. dr6'-ii!sh. a. Idle j sluggish. Knight. 
To DROOP, droop, v. n. [driupa, Icel.] To languish 

with sorrow. Shak. To faint 3 to grow weak; to 

be dispirited. Shak. To sink ; to lean downwards. 

Milton. 
DROP S, drop. n. s. [bpoppa, Sax.] A globule of 

moisture. Shak. Diamond hanging in the ear. 

Pope 



DROPLET, drop'-let. n. s. A little drop. Shak. 
DROP-SERENE, drop-se-rene'. n. s. [gutta serena, 
Lai.] A disease of the eye, proceeding from an in- 
spissation of the humour. Milton. 
To DROP, drop. v. a. To pour in drops or single 
globules. Deut. xxxiii. To let fall. Dryden. To 
let go ; !o dismiss from the hand. Shak. To utter 
slighUy or casually. Amos, vii. To insert indi- 
rectly, or by way of digression. Locke. To inter- 
mit; to cease. Collier. To quit a master. L' Estrange. 
To let go a dependant, or companion, without far- 
ther association. Addison. To suffer to vanish, or 
corne to nothing. Addison. To bedrop; to speckle. 
Milton. 
To DROP, drop. p. n. To fall in drops. Shak. To 
let drops fall. Dnjden. To fall 5 to come from a 
higher place. Swift. To fall spontaneously. Mil- 
ton. To fall in death ; to die suddenly. Sliak. To 
die. Digby. To sink into silence ; to vanish ; to 
come to nothing. Addison. To come unexpected- 
ly. Dryden. To fall short of a mark. Collier. 

DROPPING, drop'-pmg. n. s. That which falls in 
drops. Donne. That which drops when the con- 
tinuous stream ceases. Pope. 

DRO PPINGLY*, drdp'-puig-le. ad. By drops. Hu- 
loet. 

DROPSICAL, drop'-se-kal. a. Diseased with a 
dropsy ; tending to a dropsy. Arbnthnot. 

DRO PSIED, drop'-sld. 282. a. Diseased with a 
drops}'. Shafcspeare. 

DRO PSTONE, drop-stone, n. s. Spar formed into 
the shape of drops. Woodward. 

DRO'PSYS, drop'-se. n. s. [hydrops, Lat.] A collec- 
tion of water in the bodv. Quincj. 

DROPWORT, drop'-wurl. n.s. A plant of vari- 
ous species. 

DROSS S.dros. n.s. [bjioy, Sax.] The recrement 
or despumation of metals. Spenser. Rust; incrus- 
tation upon metal. Addison. Refuse ; leavings ; 
sweepings. Spenser. 

DRO'SSEL*. See Drotchel. 

DRO'SSINESS, dr&s'-se-nes. n.s. Foulness ; fecu- 
lence 5 rust. Boyle. 

DRO'SSY, dros'-se. a. Full of scorious or recremen- 
titious parts ; full of dross. Davies. Worthless ; 
foul; feculent. Donne. 

DRO'TCHEL, drotsh'-el. n. s. An idle wench ; a 
sluggard. Minsheu. 

DROUGHT §, drout. 313, 393. n. s. [bjiu^o&e, 
Sax.] Dry weather 5 want of rain. Shak. Thirst ; 
want of drink. Milton. 

55= This word is often pronounced as if written drouth, 
but improperly. When these abstracts take g in their 
composition, and this g is preceded by a vowel, the t 
does not precede the h, but follows it ; as, weigh, weight; 
fly, flight ; no, nought, Sec. W. 

DROUGHTINESS, drou'-te-nes. n. s. The state 

of wanting rain. 
DRO UGHTY, drou'-te. a. Wanting rain ; sultry. 

Ray. Thirsty; dry with thirst. Phillips. 



DROUTH*. See Drought. 
DROVE, drove, n.s. [bnap, Sax.] A Mv or num- 
ber of cattle. Haywa. a. A number of sheep driv- 
en. South. Any collection of animals. Milton. A 
crowd ; a tumult. Dryden. A drift-way, or com 
inon road for driving cattle. Cowel. 
DRO' V EN, dro'-vu. part, from drive. Ob. J. 
DRO'VER, dro'-vfir. n. s. One that fats oxen for 
sale, and drives them 10 market. Shak. A boat 
driven forward bv the tide. Spenser. 
To DROWNS, drofln. 323. v. a. [drunden, Germ.] 
To suffocate in water. Prior. To overwhelm in 
water. Shak. To overflow; to deluge. Dnjden, 
To immerge ; to lose in any thing. Davies. To 
lose in something that overpowers or covers. Spen- 
ser. 
To DROWN, drdun. v. n. To be suffocated in the 

waters. Ascliam. 
DRO'WNER*. drdun'-fir. v. s. That which over- 
whelms or suffocates. Ascliam. 
To DROWSED drouz. 323. r. a, [droosen, Dutch.] 

To make heavy with sleep. Milton. 
To DROWSE, dr6uz. r. n. To slumber; to grow 
heavy with sleep. Milton. To look heavy - y not 
cheerful. Shakspcare. 
DRO'WSIHED, drou'-ze-hed. n. s. Sleepiness ; in- 
clination to sleep. Spenser. Ob. J. 
DRO'WSILY, drofi'-ze-le. ad. Sleepily ; heavily. 
• Dryden. Sluggishly ; idly ; slolhfully /lazily. Ra- 
leigh. 
DRO'WSINESS, drofi'-ze-nes. n. s. Sleepiness ; 
heaviness with sleep. SJvxk. Idleness ; indolence j 
inactivity. Bacon. 
DRO'WSY, drdu'-ze. a. Sleepy ; heavy with sleep ; 
lethargick. Sidney. Heavy ; lulling ; causing" 
sleep. Spenser. Stupid; dull. Atierbury. 
DROWSY-HEADED*, drM'-ze-hed-ed. a. Having- 

a sluggish disposition ; heavy. Fotherby. 
To DRUBS, drub. v. a. [dmber, Dan.] To thresh j 

to beat ; to bang. Hudibras. 
DRUB, drub. n. s. A thump; a knock. Hudibras. 
To DRUDGE S, drfidje. v. n. [bpeo^an, Sax.] To 
labour in mean offices ; to work hard ; to slave. 
Hudibras. 
To DRUDGE*, drfidje. v. a. To consume tediously, 

or laboriously. Granville. 
DRUDGE, drfidje. n. s. One employed in mean la- 
bour ; a slave ; one doomed to servile occupation. 
Shakspeare. 
DRU'DGER, drfidje'-fir. n. s. A mean labourer. 

The drudging-box. Diet. 
DRU'DGERY, drfidje'-fir-e. n.s. Mean labour 5 
ignoble toil ; dishonourable work ; servile occupa- 
tion. Shaks}Kare. 
DRUDGING-BOX, drfidje'-mg-bSks. n. s. The bo;; 
out of which flour is sprinkled upon roast meat, 
Kins;. 
DRU DGINGLY, drfidje'-mg-le. ad. Laboriously ; 

toilsomely. Ray. 

DRUG S, drug. n. s. [bp.oj'e, Sax.] An ingredient 

used in physick ; a medicinal simple. Milton. It is 

used sometimes for poison. SJutk. Any thing with- 

^ out worth or value. Dnjden. A drudge. Shak. 

To DRUG, drfig. v. a. To season with ingredients. 

Shak. To tincture with something offensive. Milton. 

To DRUG*, drug. v. n. To prescribe or administer 

drugs. B. Jonson. 
DRU^GGER*, dr&g'-gfir. n. s. The old word for a 

druggist. Burton. 
DRUGGERMAN* drfig'-gfir-man. n. s. [tyayiuevos, 
Grseco. Barb.] An interpreter. Dryden. — It is 
sometimes written, in English, dragoman, and 
sometimes trudgman. 
DRUGGET, dr&g'-glt. 99. n. s. A slight kind of 

woollen stuff. Dryden. 
DRU'GGIST, drfig'-gk. 382. n.s. One who sells 

physical drugs. Boyle. 
DRU GSTER, drfig'-stfir. n. s. One who sells phys- 
ical simples. Boyle. 
DRUTD S, druMd'. n. s. [derio, oaks, and hud, in- 
cantation.] One of the priests and philosophers of 
the ancient Britons and Gauls. Bait. 
317 



k - 



DRY 



DUC 



O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m^t ; — pine, pin : 



DRUFD1CAL*, dru-ld'-e-kal. a. Pertaining to the 

druids. Dr. Warton. 
DRUTDISM*, dru'-e-dizm. n. s. The philosophy, 

or religion, of the druids. Burke. 
DRUM §, dram. n.s. [tromme, Dan.] An instrument 
of military musick. Shak. The tympanum of the 
ear. A large concourse of visiters ; now called a 
rout. Rambler. 
To DRUM, drum. v. n. To beat a drum. Hill. To 
beat with a pulsatory motion. Sliak. To tinkle. 
Brown 
To DRUM*, drum. v. a. To expel with the sound 
of a drum. A military expression, signifying the 
greatest ignominy. Burke. 
To DRU'MBLE, drum'-bl. 405. v. n. To drone j to 

be sluggish. Sliakspeare. 
DRU'MFISH, driW-ffeh. n. s. The name of a fish. 

Woodward. 
DRU'MLY*, drtW-le. a. Thick; stagnant ; muddy. 

Wodroephe. 
DRUMMA'JOR, drum-ma'-jur. n. s. The chief 

drummer of a regiment. Cleaveland. 
DRUMMA'KER, drum'-ma-kur. n. s. He who deals 

in drums. Mortimer. 
DRU'MMER, drum'-mur. n. s. He whose office it 

is to beat the drum. Sliakspeare. 
DRU/MSTICK, dr&m'-stlk. n. s. The stick with 

which a drum is beaten. Addison. 
DRUNK, drunk, a. Intoxicated with strong liquor"; 
inebriated. Dryden. Drenched or saturated with 
moisture. Deut. xxxii. 
DRUNKARD, drunk'-urd. 88. n.s. One addicted 

to habitual ebriety. Sliakspeare. 
DRU'NKEN, dr&nk'-kn. li)6. a. [bjiuncen, Sax.] In- 
toxicated with liquor. Shak. Given to habitual 
ebriety. SJiak. Saturated with moisture. Spenser. 
Done in a state of inebriation. Sliakspeare. 
DRU'NKENLY, dronk'-kn-le. ad. In a drunken man- 
ner. Sliakspeare. 
DRUNKENNESS, drunk'-kn-ngs. n.s. Intoxication 
with strong liquor. Bp. Taylor. Habitual ebriety. 
WaWs.Intoxication, or inebriation of any kind. South. 
BRY§, drl. a. [bpift, bpi, Sax.] Arid; not wet; 
not moist. Bacon. Not rainy. Bacon. Not succu- 
lent; not juicy. Shak. Being without tears. Dry- 
den. Thirsty. Shak. Jejune ; barren ; plain ; un- 
embellished. B. Jonson. Wanting ; barren. Dry- 
den. Jejune ; cold. Lord Clarendon. Sneering 
sarcastical. Goodman. Hard ; severe. Bacon. 
DRY-FOOT*, dri'-fut. n. s. A dog who pursues the 

game by the seem of the foot. Sliakspeare. 
To DRY, drl. v. a. To free from moisture. Shak. 
To exhale moisture. To wipe away moisture. 
Denliam. To scorch with thirst. Isa. v. To drain ; 
to exhaust. Phillips. — To dry zip. To deprive 
totally of moisture. Woodward. 
To DRY, drl. v. u. To grow dry. Zeclixriah, x. 
To DRY-RUB*, drl'-rub. v. a. To make clean with 

out wetting. Dodsley's Poems. 
DRY' AD*, drl'-ad. n. s. [Spvg, an oak.] A wood 

nymph. Milton. 
DRY'ER, drl'-ur. 98. n. s. That which has the quali- 
ty of absorbing moisture. Temple. 
DRY'EYED, drl'-lde. a. Without tears; without 

weeping. Milton. 
DRY'FAT*, drl' -fat. n.s. [dry, and pat, Sax.] A 
large basket, or receiver, m which liquids are not 
put ; in opposition to int. Tarleton. 
DRY'LY, drl'-le. ad. Without moisture. Sliakspeare. 
Coldly ; frigidly ; without affection. Bacon. Je- 
junely; barrenly; without ornament. Pope. Sly- 
ly ; sarcastically. 
DRY'NESS, dd'-nh. n.s. Want of moisture. Brown. 
Want of succulence. Sliak. Exhaustion. Bacon. 
Want of embellishment ; barrenness ; coldness. 
B. Jonson. Want of sensibility in devotion. Bp. 
Taylor. 
DRY'NURSE, drl 7 -nurse, n.s. A woman who brings 
up and feeds a child without the breast. Bp. Pat- 
rick. One who takes care of another. Sliakspeare. 
To DRY'NURSE, drl'-nurse. v. a. To feed with- 
out the breast. Hndibras. 



DRYSA'LTER*, drl-salt'-ur. n. s. A dealer in salt 
ed or dried meats, sauces, oils, pickles, and vari- 
ous other articles. Sir W. Foidvce. 
DRY'SHOD, dri'-sh&d. a. Without wet feet Sidney. 
DU'AL^, dtV-al. a. [dualis, Lat.] Expressing the 

number two. Lightfoot. 

DUA'LITY*, du-al'-e-te. n.s. That which expresses 

two in number. Hales. Division ; separation. Dairies. 

ToDUB§, dub. v. a. [bubban to pibepe, Sax.j 

To make a man a knight. Shak. To confer any 

kind of dignity or new character. Sliakspeare. 

To DUB*, dub. v. n. To make a quick or brisk 

noise. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
DUB, dub. n.s. A blow; a knock. Hudibras. 
DUB*, dub. n.s. [dob, Irish.] A puddle. 
DU'BBED*, dub'-b6d. a. Blunt. 
DUBFETY*, du-bl'-e-te. n. s. Uncertainty ; doubt- 
fulness. Richardson. 
DUBIO'SITY, du-be-os'-e-te. n.s. A thing doubtful. 

Brown. 
DU'BIOUS Mu'-be-us. 542. a. [dubius, Lat.] Dotfbt 
ful ; not settled in an opinion. Shenstone. Uncer 
tain. Denliam. Not plain ; not clear. Milton. Hav- 
ing the event uncertain. Milton. 
DUBIOUSLY, du'-be-us-le. ad. Uncertainly. Swift. 
DUBIOUSNESS, du'-be-us-nSs. n. s. Uncertainty. 

Broome. 
DU'BITABLES, du'-be-ta-bl. a. [dubito. Lat.] 

Doubtful; uncertain. More. 
DU BITANCY*, diV-be-tan-se. n. s. Doubt ; uncer- 
tainty. Hammond. 
DUBITA'TION, du-be-uV-shun. n. s. The act of 

doubting; doubt. Brown. 
DU'CAL, diV-kal. a. Pertaining to a duke. 
DU'CAT, duk'-ft. 90. n. s. A coin struck by dukes : 
in silver worth four shillings and six-pence ; in gold 
| nine shillings and six-pence. Sliakspeare. 
DU'CHESS*. See Dutchess. 
DU'CHY*. SeeDu-rcHY. 

DUCK§, duk. n. s. [ducken,- Dutch.] A water fowl, 
both wild and tame. Dryden. A word of endear- 
ment or fondness. Shak. A declination of the head. 
Milton. A. stone thrown obliquely on the water so 
as to strike it and rebound. Arbuthnot. 
To DUCK, duk. v. n. To dive under water as a 
duck. Spenser. To drop down the head as a duck. 
Swift. To bow low ; to cringe. Sliakspeare. 
To DUCK, duk. v. a. To put under water. Mirror 

for Magistrates. 
DU'CKER, d&k'-fir. 98. n.s. A diver. Ray. A 

cringer. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
DU'CKINGSTOOL^&kMdng-stdol. n. s. A chair in 
which scoIcaS are tied, and put under water. A 
corruption of cuckingstool. See Cuckingstool. 
Dorset. 
DU'CKLEGGED, dfik'-leg'd. 359. a. Short legged 

Dryden. 
DU CKLING, dfik'-lhig. n. s. A young duck ; the 
brood of the duck. Ray. A word of fondness. 
Addison. 
DUCKMEAT, duk'-mete. n.s. A common plant 

growing in standing waters. 
To DUCKO'Y, duk-koe'. v. a. To entice to a snare 

Grew. 
DUCKO'Y, duk-koe'. n.s. Any means of enticing 

and ensnaring. Decay of Piety. 
DUCKS-FOOT, d&ks'-fut. n. s. Black snakeroot, or 

May-apple. 
DUCKWEED, duk'-wede. n. s. The same with 

duckmeat. Bacon. 
DUCT, dukt. n. s. [ductus, Lat.] Guidance ; direc- 
tion. Hammond. A passage through which any 
thing is conducted. Addison. 
DU'CTILES, duk'-tn. 140. a. [ductilis, Lat.] Flexi- 
ble ; pliable. Dryden. Easy to be drawn out into 
length, or expanded. Bacon. Tractable; obsequi- 
ous. Phillips. 
DU'CTILENESS^uk'-tfl-nSs. n.s. Flexibility , due • 

tility. Donne. 
DUCTFLITY, duk-tll'-e-te. n. s. Quality of suffer 
ing extension ; flexibility. Watts. Owcquious 
ness: compliance. Whit lock. 
318 



■V 



DUL 



DUN 



-n6, move, nor, not; — ti'ibe, tub, bull ; — 611; — pound; — tlrin, THis. 



DU / CTURE*,dQk / -tshure. n.s. Direction ; guidance. || 
South. 

DUDGEON, dfid'-jan. 259. n.s. [degen, Germ.l A 
small dagger. Beaumont and Fletcher. Malice ; 
sullenness ; malignity ; ill-will. Hudibras. 

DUE §, du. a. The participle passive of owe. Owed; 
that which any one has a right to demand. Bacon. 
Proper; fit; appropriate. Atterburij. Exact; with- 
out deviation; Sidney. Consequent to ; occasion- 
ed or effected by. Boyle. 

DUE, du. ad. Exactly; directly; duly. Shakspeare. 

DUE, du. n. s. That which belongs" to one. Shak. 
Right ; jusi title. Milton. Whatever custom or law- 
requires to be done. Milton. Custom ; tribute ; 
exactions. Addison. 

To DUE, du. v. a. To pay as due. Shakspeare. 

DU'EFUL*, diV-ful. a. Fit; becoming. Spenser. 

DU'ENESS*, diV-n£s. n. s. Fitness. 

DU'EM, diV-il. 99. n.s. [duellum, Lat.] A combat 
between two: a single figjit. Bacon. 

To DU'EL, diV-il. v. n. To fight a single combat. 
Baron. 

To DU EL, du'-ll. v. a. To attack or fight with sin- 
gly. Milton. 

DU'ELLER.du'-ll-lur. 99. n. s. A single combatant. 
Fuller. 

DUELLING*, diV-fl-ling. 410. n.s. The custom 
of fightingduels. Locke. 

DUELLIST, du'-fl-llst. n. s. A single combatant. 
Suckling. One who professes to study the rules 
of honour. Shakspeare. 

D UE'LLO, du-6l'-l6. n. s. [ltal.] The duel ; the rule 
of duelling. Shakspeare. 

DUE'NNA, du-eV-na. n. s. An old woman kept to 

guard a younger. Arbulhnot. 
E'T*, du-eV. n. s. [due, ltal.] An air for two per- 
formers. Mason. 
DUG § , dug. n. s. [deggia, Icelandick.] A pap ; a 

nipple. Spenser. The breast. Spenser. 
DUG, dug. preterit and part. pass, of dig. 
DUKE $, duke. 376. n. s. [duo, Fr. dux, Lat.] A gen- 
eral; a leader. Wicliffe. One of the highest order 
of nobility, next to the royal family. Sliakspear-e. 

05= There is a slight deviation often heard in the pro 
nunciation of this word, as if written doolc ; but tnii 
borders on vulgarity : the true sound of the u must be 
carefully preserved, as if written dewk. There is an- 
other impropriety, in pronouncing this word as if writ- 
ten jook : this is not so vulgar as the former, and arises 
from an ignorance of the influence of accent. See 
Principles, No. 462. W. 

DU T/ KEDOM, duke'-dum. n.s. The seigniory or pos- 
sessions of a duke. Shak. The title or quality of 
a duke. Shakspeare. 
DU'LBRAINED, d&l'-brand. a. Stupid; doltish; 

foolish. Shakspeare. 
DU'LCET, dul'-sel. 99. a. [dulcis, Lat.] Sweet %) 
the taste; luscious. Hawes. Sweet to the ear; 
h? rmonious ; melodious. Slutk. Sweet to the 
mind. B. Jonson. 

DULCIFICA'TION, dal-se-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. The 
act of sweetening. Boyle. 

To DU'LCIFY$, dul'-se-fl. 183. v. a. [dulcifer, Fr.] 
To sweeten. Brown. 

DU'LCIMER, dul'-se-mur. 98. n.s. [dolcimello, 
Skinner.] A musical instrument played by striking 
the brass wires with little sticks. Dan. iii. 

DU'LCITUDE*, dul'-se-tude. n.s. Sweetness. Cock- 
eram. 

To DU'LCORATE$, dul'-ko-rate. 91. v.a. [dulcor, 
Lat.] To sweeten. Bacon. To make less acrimo- 
nious. Wiseman. 

DULCGRA'TION, dul-k6-ra'-shun. n. s. The act 
of sweetening. Bacon. 

DU'LCOUR*, d6K-k6r. n.s. Sweetness. L. Addison. 

DU'LHEAD, dul'-heU n.s. A blockhead. Ascham. 

DU'LIA, du'-le-a. 92. [See Latria.] n.s. [66\cia.] 
An inferiour kind of adoration. Stilling fleet. 

DULL$, dfil. a. [bole, Sax.] Stupid ; doltish ; block- 
ish. Hooker. Blunt; obtuse. Herbert. Unready; 
awkward. Sidney. Hebetated; not quick. St. 
Matt. xiii. Sadj melancholy. Shak. Sluggish; 



heavy; slow of motion. Spenser. Gross; cloggy; 
vile. Shak. Not exhilarating; not delightful: as, 
To make dictionaries is dull work. Not bright. 
Shak. Drowsy; sleepy. Not quick in hearing. 

DULL-BRAlNE^*,dul'-brand. See Dulbrainkd. 

DULL-BROWED*, dul'-broud. a. Having a melan- 
choly look or brow. Quarles. 

DULL-DISPOSED*, dul'-dis-pc-zd. a. Inclined to 
sadness. B. Jonson. 

DULL-EYED, dfil'-lde. a. Having a downcast, mel- 
ancholy look. Shakspeare. 

DULL-SIGHTED*, dul'-sl'-uld. a. Having weak 
sight; purblind. Hulcet. 

DULL-WITTED*, dul'-wit'-ted. a. Gross ; heavy ; 
not quick. Hubet. 

To DULL, dfil. v. a. To stupify ; to infatuate. Sid 
ney. To blunt ; to oblund. Shak. To sadden; to 
make melancholy. Beaumont and Fletcher. To 
hebetate ; to weaken. Spenser. To damp ; to clog. 
Hooker. To make heavy, or slow of motion. Ba- 
con. To sully brightness. Bacon. To consume in 
sleep or idleness. Brown. 

To DULL*, dfil. v. n. To become dull. Chaucer. 

DU'LLARD,dul'-lard. n.s. A blockhead ; a dolt. Shak. 

DU'LLARD*, dul'-lard. a. Doltish ; stupid. Bp. Hall. 

DU' LLED*, d&l'-led. a. Not bright. Spenser. 

DU'LLER*, dul'-l&r. n. s. That which makes dull, 
or weakens. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

DULLY, dul'-le. ad. Stupidly; doltishly. Shak. 
Slowly ; sluggishly. Shak. Not vigorously ; not 

6ayly. Hudibras. ay 

'LNESS, dul'-n&s. n. s. Stupidity ; weakness of 
intellect; indocility. South. Want of quick per- 
ception. Bacon. Drowsiness; inclination to sleep. 
Shak. Sluggishness of motion. Dimness; want of 
lustre. Bluntness; want of edge. 

DU'LY, du'-le. ad. Properly; fitly; in the due 
manner. Spenser. Regularly; exactly. Pope. 

DUMB §, dum. 347. a. [bumb, Sax.] Mute ; incapa- 
ble of speech. Hooker. Deprived of speech. 
Dryden. Mute ; not using words. Sluik. Silent ; 
refusing to speak. Dryden. 

To DUMB*, dum. v. a. [abumbian, Sax.] To si- 
lence. Shakspeare. 

DU'MBLY, dtW-le. ad. Mutely ; silently. Shak. 

DU'MBNESS, dum'-nSs. n.s. [bumny r re, Sax.] 
Incapacity to speak. Omission of speecn ; mute- 
ness. Shak. Refusal to speak ; silence. Dryden. 

To DU'MFOUND, dum' -found, v.a. To confuse; 
to strike dumb. Spectator. A low phrase. 

DU'MMERER*, dum'-mur-ur. n.s. A pretendedly 
dumb man ; a cheat. Burton. A low word. 

DU'MMY*, dum 7 -me. n. s. One who is dumb. A 
low expression. 

DUMP §, dump. n. 5. [dom, Dutch.] Sorrow ; melan- 
choly; sadness. Spenser. A melancholy tune or 
air; an elegy. Shak. Any tune. Sidney. Ab- 
sence of mina; reverie. Beaumont and Fletcluer. 

DU'MPISH, dump'-ish. a. Sad ; melancholy. Spenser. 

DU MPISHLY*, dumpMsh-le. ad. In a moping, 
melancholy way. Bp. Hall. 

DU'MPISHNESS*, dumpMsh-ngs. n.s. Sadness j 
melancholy. Bp. Hall. 

DU'MPLING, dumpMlng. n. s. A sort of pudding. 
Dryden. 

DU'MPY*, dum'-pe. a. Short and thick. Student. 

DUN, dun. a. [bun. Sax.] A colour partaking of 
brown and black. Newton. Dark ; gloomy. Shak. 

To DUN§, dun. v.a. [bunan, Sax.] To claim a debt 
with vehemence and importunity. Bacon. 

DUN, dun. n. s. A clamorous, importunate creditor. 
Phillips. 

DUN*, dun. n. s. An eminence ; a mound. Johnson. 

DUNCE §, durise. n. s. [Perhaps a word of reproach 
first used by the Thomists, from Duns Scotus, their 
antagonist.] A dullard ; a dolt. Dryden. 

DUNCERY*, dun'-se-re. n.s. Dulnessj stupidity. 
Sir T. Smith. 

To DU'NCIFY*, dfin'-se-fl. v. a. To make a dunce. 
Warburton. 

DUNE*, dune. n.s. [Sax.] A hill : vulgarly pro- 
nounced down. See Down. 
319 



DUR 



DUT 



0=559.— Fite, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- 



DUNG, dung, n. s. [bun^, Sax.] The excrement of 

animals used to fatten ground. Bacon. 
To DUNG $, dfing. v. a. [byn£an, Sax.] To manure 

with dung-. Bacon. 
To DUNG*, dfing. ?>. n. To void excrement. Sicift. 
DU'NGED* dfing'-ed. a. Covered with dung. Hall. 
DU'NGEON $, dun'-jnn. 259. n. s. [from donjon, the 
tower in which prisoners were kept.] A close 
prison ; a prison dark or subterraneous. Spenser. 
To DU'NGEON* diV-jun. v. a. To shut up as in a 

dungeon. Bp. Hall. 
DU'NGFORK*, dung'-fSrk. n. s. A fork to toss out 

dung from stables. Abp. Cranmer. 
DU'NGHILL, dang'-hll. n.s. A heap or aecumula 
tion of dung. Shak. Any mean or vile abode. 
Dryden. Any situation of meanness. Sandys. A 
term of reproach for a man meanly born. Shak. 
DU NGH1LL, dung'-h?l. 406. a. Sprung- from the 

dunghill ; mean 5 low ; base. Spenser. 
DUNGY, dflng'-e. 409. a. Full of dung; mean; 

worthless. Shakspeare. 
DUNGYARD, dung'-yard. n. s. The place of the 

dunghill. Mortimer. 
DU'NNER, dun'-nur. 98. n. s. One employed in so- 
liciting petty debts. Spectator. 
DU'NNISH*, dun'-nfeh. a. Inclining to a dun colour. 

Ray. 
DU'NNY* d&n'-ne. a. Deaf; dull of apprehension. 

Grose. 
DU'O*, diV-6. n. s. [Lat.] A song- or piece of musick 

to be performed & two parts. Mns. Diet. 
DUODECIMO*, du-6-dey-e-m6. n. s. [Lat.] A 
book is said to be in duodecimo, when a sheet is 
folded into twelve leaves. 



DUODECUPLE,^ du-6-dek'-ku-pl. a. [duo and 

Arbuthnot. 
[Lat.] The 



decuplus, Lat.] Consisting of twelves. Arbuthnot. 
DUODENUM*, du-6-de 7 -num. 



first of the small intestines. 

To DUP*. dup. v. a. [do and tip.] To open. Damon 
and Pythiis. Used only in low language. 

DUPE§, dupe. n.s. [dupe, Fr.] A credulous man ; a 
man easily tricked. Swift. 

To DUPE, dupe. v. a. To trick ; to cheat. Sioift. 

DU'PLE, du'-pl. a. [duplus, Lat.] Double ; one re- 
peated. 

To DUPLICATE $, diV-ple-kke. 91. v. a. [duplico, 
Lat.] To double. Granville. 

DUPLICATE, du'-ple-kate. 91. a. Duplicate pro- 
portion is the proportion of squares. Phi/lips. 

DUPLICATE*, du'-ple-kate. n. s. Another corre- 
spondent to the first ; a second thing- of* the same 
kind. Woodward. 

DUPLICATION, du-ple-ka'-shun. n.s. The act of 
doubling. Burton. The act of folding together. 
A fold ; a doubling. Wiseman. 

DUPLICATURE, du'-ple-ka-tshure. n. s. A fold ; 
a nv thing- doubled. Ray. 

DUPLPCITY. du-plls'-e-te. n.s. Doubleness ; the 
number of two. Brown. Deceit; doubleness of 
heart or of tongue. Burke. 

DURABILITY, du-ra-bll'-e-te. n.s. The power of 
lasting. Hooker. 

DU'RABLE M.V-ra-bl.405.a.[*zraM2s,Lat.] Last- 
ing. Raleigh. Having successive existence. Milton. 

DU'RABLE^ESS, diV-ra-bl-nes. n.s. Power of 
lasting; continuance. Bp. Hall. 

DU'RABLY, du'-ra-ble. ad. In a lasting manner. 
Sidney. 

DU'RANCE, du'-ranse. n. s. [duresse, law Fr.] Im- 
prisonment. Shak. Endurance; continuance; du- 
ration. Drtiden. A lasting kind of stuff, such as 
we now call everlasting. Three Ladies of London. 

DURA'TION, du-ra'-shon. n.s. A sort of distance 
or length, the idea whereof we get from the fleet- 
ing and perpetually perishing parts of succession. 
Locke. Power of continuance. Rogers. Length 
of continuance. Addison. 

To DURE$. dure. v.n. [duro, Lat.] To last; to 
endure. Raleigh. 

DU REFUL, dure'-ffil. a. Lasting. Spenser. Ob. J. 

DU'RELESS, dure'-les. a. Without continuance; 
fading ; short. Raleigh. Ob. J. 



DURESSE, du'-res. n. s. [Fr.] Imprisonment; 
constraint. Spenser. [In law.] A plea used by 
wa}' of exception, by him who, being cast into 
prison at a man's suit, or otherwise by threats, 
beating, &c. hardly used, seals any bond to him 
during his restraint. Cowel. 
DUTUNG, du'-r?ng. prep. For the time of the con- 
tinuance of; while any thing lasts. Locke. 
DU'RIT Y, diY-re-te. n. s. [Sums, Lat.] Hardness ; 
firmness. Wotton. Harshness ; cruelty ; hardness 
of mind. Cockeram. 
DU'ROUS*, diV-rfis. a. Hard. Smith. 
DURST, durst. The preterit of dare. 
DUSK §, dusk. a. [duyster, Dutch.] Tending to dark 
ness. Milton. Tending to blackness; dark-coloured. 
Milton. 
DUSK, dusk. n. s. Tendency to darkness. Spectator. 

darkness of colour. Dryden. 
To DUSK, dusk. v. a. To make duskish. Marston. 
To DUSK, dusk. v. n. To grow dark ; to begin to 

lose light or brightness. Chaucer. 
DU'SKILY, dfisk'-e-le. ad. With a tendency to dark- 
ness or blackness. Sherwood. 
DU SKINESS* dfisk'-e-nes. n. s. Incipient obscuri- 
ty. Translation of Boetms. 
DU'SKISH, dusk'-?sh. a. Inclining to darkness. 

Spenser. Tending to blackness. Wotton. 
DUSKISHLY, dusk'-?sh-le. ad. Cloudily ; darkly. 

Bacon. 
DU'SKISHNESS*, dusk'-ish-nes. n. s. Approach to 

darkness. More. 
DU'SKNESS*, dusk'-nes. n.s. Dimness. Sir T. 

Ehjot. 
DU'SKY, d&sk'-e. a. Tending to darkness. Shak. 
Tending to blackness. Shak. Gloomy ; sad ; in- 
tellectually clouded. Bentley. 
DUST§, dfist. n.s. [burt, Sax.] Earth or other 
matter reduced to small particles. Shak. The 
grave ; the state of dissolution. Milton.. A mean 
and dejected state. 1 Sam. ii. 
To DUST, dfist. v. a. To free from dust. To sprinkle 
with dust. Shenrood. 2 Sam. xvi. To levigate; tc 
separate by a sieve. Sprat. 
DU'STER^dfis'-r&r. n.s. That which frees from dust. 
Cotgrqve. In making gunpowder, a sieve so called ; 
a sifter. Sprat. 
DUSTINESS*, dfis'-te-nes. n. s. The slate of being 

covered with dust. Graves. 
DU'STMAN, dfist'-man. 88. ». s. One whose employ- 
ment is to carry away the dust. Gay. 
DU'STY, diV-te. a. Filled with dust ; clouded with 
dust. Sha/c. Covered or scattered with dust. 
Thomson. 
DUTCH*, dutsh. n. s. The people of Holland. The 

Dutch language. Verstegan. 
DU TCHESS, dutsh'-es. n. s. [duchesse, Fr.] The 
lady of a duke. Shak. A lady who has the sove- ' 
reignty of a dukedom. Hume. A lady raised to 
the rank of dulchess by the king. Shakspeare. 
DU'TCHY, d&tsh'-e. n.s. [duche, Fr.] A territory 

which gives title to a duke. Addison. 
DU'TCHYCOURT, dfitsh'-e-kirt. n. s. A court 
wherein all matters appertaining to the dutchy of 
Lancaster are decided. Cowel. 
DU TEOUS, du'-te-us, or du'-tshe-fis. 263, 294, a. 
Obedient ; obsequious. Dryden. Obsequious; obe- 
dient to good or bad purposes. Shak. Enjoined 
by duty. Shaksjieare. 
DU'TIFUL, du'-te-ful. a. Obedient ; submissive to 
natural or legal superiours; reverent. Swift. Ex- 
pressive of respect. Sidney. 
DU TIFULLY, ..u'-te-f&l-e. ad. Obediently ; sub- 
missively. Reverentlv ; respectfully. Sidrmj. 
DU'TIFULNESS, diV-te-ful-nes. n. s. Obedience ; 
submission to just authority. Dryden. Reverence 5 
respect. Bp. Taylor. 
DU y TY$, du'-te. n. s. [from due.] That to which a 
man is by any natural or legal obligation bound. 
St. Luke, xvii. Acts or forbearances required by 
religion or morality. Shak. Obedience or sub 
mission due to parents, governours, or superiours 
Sliak. Act of reverence or respect. Spenser. The 



DYE 



DYS 



-nA, move, n6r, not ;— tube, tftb, bull ;— 6il ;— pdund ; — thin, this. 



business of a soldier on guard. Clarendon. The 
business of war ; service. Clarendon. Tax 3 im- 
post ; custom ; toll. Addison. 

DUU'MYIRATE*, du-um'-ve-rite. ». s. [ditwnvi- 
ratus, Lat.] A government or jurisdiction among 
the Romans, exercised bv two. 

DWALE*, dwale. n. s. [diealen, Germ.l The dead- 
ly herb nightshade. Chaucer. [In heraldry.] Sable 
or black colour. 

DWARFS, dwSrf. n. s. [bpeop.^, Sax.] A man be- 
low the common size of men. Sluik. Any animal 
or plant below its natural bulk. L' Estrange. An 
attendant on a lady or knight in romances. Spen- 
ser. 

To DWARF, dw6rf. v. a. To hinder from growing to 
the natural bulk. Bacon. 

1) WA RFISH, dworfMsh. a. Below the natural bulk : 
low; small; little. Shakspeare. 

DWA RFISHLY. dw6rf-lsh-le. ad. Like a dwarf, j 

DWA RFISHNESS. dw6rf-ish-nes. n.s. Minute- 
ness of stature ; littleness. Bp. Taylor. 

To DWAULE, dwawl. v. a. [bpelfan, Sax.] To be ! 
delirious. Junius. 

To DWELL §, dwel. r. n .preterit dicelt, or dwelled, i 
[dtuud, old Teutonick.l To remain. Spenser. To j 
inhabit; to live in a place. Lev. xxv. To live in j 
any form of habitation. Heb. xi. To be in anv 
slat* or condition. Sliak. To be suspended with 
attention; to hang upon with care or fondness. 
Spenser. To continue long speaking. Dryden. 

To DWELL, dwel. v. a. To inhabit. Milton. 

DWE'LLER, dwel'-lfir. 93. n. s. An inhabitant. 
Bacon. 

DWELLING, dweT-llng. n. s. Habitation ; place 
of residence; abode. Spenser. State of life; mode 
of living. Daniel, iv. 

DWE'LLLNGHOUSE, dwelMlng-house. n. s. The 
house in which one lives. Aylijie. 

DWELLLNGPLACE, dwelMing-plase. n.s. The 
place of residence. Spenser. 

To D\\TNDLE§, dw?nd'-dl. 405. v.n. [fcpman, 
Sax.] To shrink; to lose bulk; to grow little. Ad- 
dison. To degenerate; to sink. Bentley. To 
wear away; to lose health. Shakspeare. 

To DWI'NDLE*. dwlnd'-dl. v. a. To make less. 
Thomson. To sink; to bring low. Norris. To 
break ; to disperse. Clarendon. 

DWINDLED*, dwlnd'-dld. jaw*, a. Shrunk; fallen 
away. Bp. Taylor. 

DYE.'n. s. See Die. 

To DYE*, v. a. See To Die. 



DYER*, n. s. See Dier. 

DYING*, dl'-hig. n. * The art of tinging cloth, shift 

or other matter, witr a permanent colour. Sir W 

Petty. 

DYI.NG.dlMng. part. Tinging. Sir W. Petty. 
DYING, di -mg. The participle of die. Expiring 

Heb. xi. 
DY'ING*, dl'-ing. re. s. Death. 2 Cor. iv. 
DY'INGLY*, dl'-Ing-le. ad. As at the moment of 

fiving up the ghost. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
KE*. See Dike. 
DY NAST §*, dl'-nast, or din'-ast. re. s. [twaon^.] A 
ruler; a governour. Cockeram. A dynasty; a 

fovernment. Gregory. 
NASTY, dl'-nas-te, or dln'-as-te. n. s. Govern- 
ment ; sovereignty. Hale. A race or family of 
rulers. Reeves. 
§£r All our orthoepists, except Mr. Elphinston and 
Entick, adopt the first pronunciation ; but analogy is, in 
my opinion, clearly for tho last. 503. W. 

DY'SCRASY", dis'-kra-se. n. s. [Svcicpama.] An un- 
equal mixture of elements in the blood ; a distem- 
perature. Se> T. Elvot. 

DYSE'NTERY, dis'-sen-ter-e. re. s. [awEvrcpis.] A 
looseness, wherein ill humours flow off by stool, 
and are sometimes attended with blood. Arbuthnot 

05= Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, and Buchanan, 
accent this word on the second syllable ; and Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott. W. Johnston, Perry, Entick, 
and Bailey, on the first. That this is in possession of 
the best usage I have not the least doubt ; and that it 
is agreeable to the analogy of accenting words from the 
learned languages, which we naturalize by dropping a 
syllable, is evident from the numerous class of words 
of the same kind. — See Academy, Incomparable, &e. 
A collateral proof, too, that this is the true pronunciation 
is, that mesentery, a word of the same form, is by all the 
above-mentioned lexicographers who have the word, 
except Bailey, accented on the first syllable. W. 

DYSNOMY"*, dV-no-me. n. s. j><7vo/i<a.] Ill order- 
ing of laws; or the enacting bad laws. Cockeram. 

DYSPE'PSY, dls'-pejp-se. re. s. [cWs^'a.] A diffi- 
cult of digestion. Diet. 

DY SPHONY, dls'-fo-ne. n. s. [tv^wvla.] A diffi- 
culty in speaking. Diet. 

DYSfNO'EA, d?sp-ne'-a. 92. n. s. [Ivirsvota.] A 
difficulty of breathing. 

DY'SURY,dlzh'-ft-re. 450,451,452. n.s. [Svcovpia.] 
A difficulty in voiding urine. Harvey. 

OCT The s in this word has the flat aspiration, for the 
same reason as the s in treasury. — See Disunion. W. 



EAG 



EAG 



EHas two sounds ; long, as scene, and short, as 
men. E is the most frequent vowel in the 
English language ; for it not only is used like the 
rest, but has the peculiar quality of lengthening 
the foregoing vowel, as can, cane; man, mane. 

Ea has the sound of e long. 

EACHS, etsh. 98, 227. pron. [ae^hpilc, selc, elc] 
Either of two. Dryden. Every one of any num- 
ber. Isaiah, xxxv. 

EVCHWHERE*, etsh'-hware. ad. Everywhere. 
Bp. Hall. 

EAD, [ced, ed.~\ in the compound, and eadig in the 
simple names, denotes happiness, or blessedness. 
Gibson. 

EA'GER§, e'-g&r. 227. a. [acer, Lat.l Struck with 
desire ; ardently wishing ; keenly desirous. Dry- 
den. Hot of disposition ; vehement; ardent; im- 
petuous. Hooker. Quick ; busy ; easily put in 
action. Addison. Sharp ; sour ; acid. Shak. Keen ; 
severe; biting. Shak. Brittle; inflexible; not duc- 
tile. Locke. 

EA'GERLY, e'-g&r-le. ad. With great ardour of de- 
sire. South. Ardently; hotly. Slmk. Keenly; 
sharply. Knolles. 

EA'GERNESS, e'-gfir-nes. n. s. Keenness of de- 
41 



sire ; ardour of inclination. Sliak. Impetuosity ; 
vehemence ; violence. Dryden. Tartness ; sour- 
ness. Barret. 

EA'GLE§, e'-gl. 227, 405. n. s.- [aigle, Fr.] A bird 
of prey. Cahnet. The standard of the ancient Ro- 
mans. Pope. 

EAGLE-EYED, e'-gl-Ide. 282. a. Sharp-sighted as 
an eagle. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

EAGLE-SIGHTED*, e'-gl-si'-tgd. a. Having quick 
sight, like an eagle. Shakspeare. 

EAGLE-SPEED, e'-gl-speed. re. *. Swiftness like 
that of an eagle. Pope. 

EA'GLESS* e'-gles. re. s. [aigkssc, Fr.] The hen 
eagle. Slierwood. 

EA'GLESTONE, e'-gl-stone. n. s. A stone said to 
be found at the entrance of the holes in which 
the eagles make their nests. The eagleslone 
contains, in a cavity within it, a small loose 
stone, which rattles when it is shaken ; and every 
fossil, widi a nucleus in it, has obtained the name. 
Hill. 

EA'GLET, h'-e\h. n. s. A young eagle. Davies. 

EA'GLEWINGED*, e'-gl-wfng'd. a. Having the 
wings, as i< were, of an eagle. Shakspeare. 

EA'GRE, e'-gur. re. s. [ceger, Runick.] A tide swell 



EAR 



EAR 



KP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin 



ing above another tide, observable in the river 
Severn. Dry den. 
EA'LDERMAN. n. s. [ealbejiman, Sax.] The name 

of a Saxon magistrate; alderman. Sadler. 
EAME, erne. n. s. [earn, Sax.] Uncle. Spenser, 
ToEAN§*. v. n. [eanian, Sax.] To bring forth 

young. Used of sheep. Sliakspeare. 
EA'NLING*, een'-llng. n. s. A lamb just dropt 
EAR§, eer. 227. n. s. |eape,Sax.} The whole organ 
of hearing. Sfmk. That part of the ear that stands 
prominent. S/iak. Power of judging of harmony; 
the sense of hearing. Shak. The head; or the 
person. Knolles. The highest part of a man ; the 
top. L 'Estrange. The privilege of being readily 
and kindly heard. Bacon. Disposition to like or 
dislike what is heard; opinion; taste. Denham. 
Any prominences from a larger body, raised for 
the sake of holding it. Bp. Taylor. The spike of 
corn. Bacon. — To be by tfie ears. To fall together 
by the ears. To go together by the 'ears. To 
fight ; to scuffle. More. To set by the ears. To 
make strife ; to quarrel. V Estrange. 
EAR-BORED*, eer'-b6rd. a. Having the ears per- 
forated. Bp. Hall. 
EAR-DEAFENING*, eer'-def-fn-lng. a. Stunning 

the ear with noise. Shakspeare. 
EAR-LAP*, eer' -lap. n.s. [eap-lseppe, Sax.] The 

tip of the ear. Huloet. 
EAR-LOCK*, eer'-l&k. n. s. [eap-locca, Sax.] A 
curl or twist of the hair, formerly called a love-lock. 
Prynne. 
EAR-MARK $*, eer'-mark. n. s. A mark on the ear, 
by which shepherds know their sheep ; figuratively, 
any distinction. Cox. 
To EAR-MARK*, £er'-mark. p. a. To mark cattle 

on the ear. Spenser. 
EAR-PICK*, eer'-plk. n.s. An instrument by which 

the ears are cleansed. Huloet. 
EAR-PIERCING*, eer'-peer'-sfng. a. Affecting the 

ear with shrill vibrations of sound. Shakspeare. 
EAR-RING, eer'-rlng. n. s. [eap-jihm#, Sax.] 
Jewels set in a ring and worn at the ears ; orna- 
ment of a woman's ear. Sandys. 
EAR-SHOT, eer'-shot. n. s. Reach of the ear. Dry. 

den. 
EAR-WAX, eer'-waks. n. s. The cerumen or 
exudation which smears the inside of the ear. 
Ray. 
EAR-WIG, eer'-w?g. n. s. [eruca, Lat.] A sheath- 
winged insect, imagined to creep into the ear. 
Drai/ton. A whisperer ; a prying informer. 
EAR-WITNESS, eer-wu'-ngs. n. s. One who at- 
tests any thing as heard by himself. Hooker. 
To EAR, eer. 246. v. a. [eare, Norm. Fr.] To till ; 

to plough. Deuteronomy, xxi. 
To EAR, eer. v. n. To shoot into ears. Sandys. 
EA'RABLE*, eer'-a-bl. a. Used to be tilled. Bar- 
ret. 
EA'RAL*, eer'-al. a. Receiving by the ear. Hewyt 
EA'RED, eerd. 359. a. Having ears, or organs of 
hearing. Sherwood. Having ears, or ripe corn. 
Ploughed. Chaucer. 
EA'RING*. eer'-rlng. n. s. A ploughing of land. 

Gmesis, xlv. 
EARL§, eVl. 234, 237. n. s. [eop.1, Sax.] A title of 
nobility, anciently the highest of this nation, now 
the third. Shakspeare. 
EARL-MARSHAL, erl-mar'-shal. n. s. He that has 
chief care of military solemnities. Dryden. One 
of the great officers of state in England, whose 
business is to take cognizance of all matters re- 
specting honour and arms. 
EA'RLDOM, eVl'-dum. 166. n. s. The seigniory of 

an earl. Spenser. 
EA'RLDORMAN*, eVl'-d&r-man. n. s. An ealder- 

man. Burke. 
EARLES-PENNY*, eYlz'-pen-ne. n. s. [arrha, Lat.] 

Money given in part of payment. Ray. 
EA'RLESS, eer'-fes. a. Not inclined to hear; as if 

deaf. Broivn. Without any ears. Pope. 
EA'RLINESS, eV-le-nes. n. s. Quickness of any 
action with respect to something else. Sidney. 



EA'RLY§, eV-le. 234. a. [teplice, aplice, Sax.} 
Soon, with respect to something else. Sliakspeare. 
EA'RLY, eV-le. ad. Soon ; betimes. Spenser. 
To EARN$, &11. 234, 371. v. a. [eapman, Sax.] To 
gain as the reward or wages of labour, or auy per- 
formance. Bacon. To obtain, as a consequence 
of action. Shakspeare. 
To EARN*, eVn. v. n. [gerinnen, Germ J To curdle. 
To EARN* em. v.n. [sypnan, Sax.] To long for; 

to feel anxiety. Spenser. See To Yearn. 
EARNEST §, eV-nest. 234-. a. [eopne r t, Sax.] 
Ardent in any affection ; warm ; zealous ; impor- 
tunate. Hooker. Intent ; fixed ; eager. Milton. 
Serious; important. Hooker. 
EA'RNEST, eV-ne\st. n. s. Seriousness ; a serious 
event, not a jest. Sidney. Pledge; handsel; first 
fruits. Hooker. The money which is given in 
token that a bargain is ratified. Shakspeare. 
EA'RNESTLY, er'-nest-le. ad. Warmly; affec- 
tionately ; zealously. Milton. Eagerly ; desirous- 
ly. Shakspeare. 
EARNESTNESS, er'-nest-nes. n. s. Eagerness; 
warmth ; vehemence ; impetuosity. Shak. Solem- 
nity; zeal; seriousness. Aiterbury. Solicitude; 
care ; intenseness. Dryden. 
EA'RNFUL*, ern'-ful. a. Fall of anxiety. P. 

Fletcher. 
EA'RNING, eW-hig. n. s. That which is gained as 

the reward of any labour. Locke. 
EARSH, £rsh. n.s. [from ear, to plough.] A ploughed 

field. May's Virgil. Ob. J. 
EARTHS, &rth. 234,237. n. s. [eapb, eap», Sax.] 
The element distinct from air, fire, or water ; soil ; 
terrene matter. Thomson. The terraqueous globe ; 
the world. Shak. Different modification of terrene 
matter. Hill. This world, opposed to other scenes 
of existence. Shak. The inhabitants of the earth. 
Gen. xi. Country ; distinct region. Dryden. The 
act of turning up the ground in tillage. Tusser. 
The earth or hole of a fox or badger. Sherwood. 
{jfCf This word is liable to a coarse, vulgar pronuncia- 
tion, as if written urth. There is, indeed, but a delicate 
difference between this and the true sound, but o.uite 
sufficient to distinguish a common from a polite 
speaker. W. 

To EARTH, grfft. v.a. To hide in earth. Fuller 
To bury; to inter. Shak. To cover with earth. 
Evelyn. 
To EARTH, hth. v. n. To retire under ground. 

Tickell. 
EA'RTHBAG*, eW-bag. n. s. [In fortification.] A 
sack filled with sand or earth, to keep off the shot 
of the enemy. 
EA'RTHBANK*, ertfi'-bank. n. s. [In husbandry.] 

A fence made of earth and turf. 
EA'RTHBOARD, eW-b6rd. n. s. The board of 

the plough that shakes off the earth. Mortimer. 
EATtTHBORN, fah'-bdm. a. Born of the earth; 
terrigenous. Sir J. Daises. Meanly born. Smith. 
EA'RTHBOUND, ertfi'-bound. a. Fastened by the 

pressure of the earth. Shakspeare. 
EA'RTHBRED*, hth'-brtd. a. Grovelling; low: 

abject. Brewer. 
EA'RTHCREATED*, ertfi'-kre-a'-teU a. Formed 

of earth. Young. 
EA'RTHEN, Ir'-thn. 103. a. Made of earth ; made 

ofclav. Shakspeare. 
EA'RTHENGENDERED*, ert/i'-Sn-gen'-dgrd. a. 

Bred of earth. Fanshawe. 
E A'RTHFED* ert/i'-feU a. Low ; abject. B. Jonson 
EA'RTHFLAX, ertfi'-fiaks. n. s. A*kind of fibrous 

fossil. Woodward. 
EA'RTHINESS, hth'-k-nh. n. s. The quality of 
containing earth ; grossness. More. Intellectual 
coarseness. Feltham. 
EA'RTHLINESS*, eW-le-nSs. n. s. Worldliness. 

Cotzrave. 
EA'RTHLING, Irt/t'-lfng. n. s. An inhabitant of 
the earth ; a mortal; a poor, frail creature. Davies. 
EA'RTHLY. erth'-Ie. a. Not heavenly; vile; mean ; 
sordid. Shak. Belonging only to our present state; 
not spiritual. Hooker. Corporeal ; not mentaL 



EAS 



ECC 



-116, move, ndr, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 6il; — pound; — thin, THis. 



Spenser. Any thing- in the world ; a female hyper- 
bole. Pvpe. 
EARTHLY-MINDED* CrW-le-mlnd'-e'd. a. Having 

a sensual or an abject mind. Bale. 
EARTHLY-MINDEDNESS*, grt/i'-le-mlnd'-e'd- 

nfe. n.s. Grossness; sensuality. Gregory. 
EA'RTHNUT, krth'-tAt. n.s. A pignut"; a root in 

shape and size like a nut. Ray. 
EA'RTHQUAKE, ert/i'-kwake. n. s. Tremour or 

convulsion of the earth. Woodward. 
EA'RTHSHAKING, ert/*'-sha-k?ng. a. Having 
power to shake the earth, or to raise earthquakes. 
Milton. 
EA RTHWORM, eW-wfirm. n. s. A worm bred 
under ground. Bacon. A mean, sordid wretch. 
Norris. 
EA'RTHY, erf/i'-e. a. Consisting of earth. Shak. 
Composed or partaking of earth ; terrene. 1 Cor. 
xv. Inhabiting the earth ; terrestrial. Dryden. 
Relating to earth. Dryden. Not mental ; gross 5 
not refined. Shakspeare. 
EASES, eze. 227. n.s. [aise, FrJ Quiet; rest; un- 
disturbed tranquillity. Davies. Freedom from pain. 
Temple. Rest after labour ; intermission of labour. 
Swift. Facility ; not difficulty. Dryden. Uncon- 
stramt; freedom from harshness, formality, forced 
behaviour, or conceits. Pope. — At ease. Without 
pain ; without anxiety. Dryden. 
To EASE, eze. v. a. To free from pain. Locke. To 
assuage ; to mitigate. 2 Chronicles. To relieve 
from fabour, or any thing that offends. Dryden. 
EA'SEFUL, eze'-ful. a. Quiet ; peaceable 3 fit for 

rest. Shakspeare. 
EA'SEFULLY*, eze'-ful-le. ad. In a quiet manner 

Sherwood. 
E A'SEL $*, e'-zel n. s. The frame on which painters 

strain their canvass. 
EASEL-PIECE*, e'-zel-peese. n. s. A painting 
which is painted on the easel, in contradistinction 
to those which are painted on the wall or ceiling. 
EA'SELESS*, eze'-l£s. a. Wanting ease. Donne. 
EA'SEMENT, eze'-ment. n. s. Evacuation. Barret. 
Assistance ; support. Bacon. Relief from any evil. 
More. [In law.] A service that one neighbour has 
of another by charter cr prescription, without profit ; 
as a way through his ground, a sink, or such like. 
Cornel. 
EA'SILY, e'-ze-le ; ad. Without difficulty. Bacon. 
Without pain ; without disturbance ; in tranquillity. 
Temple. Readily ; without reluctance. Dryden. 
EA'SINESS, ^'-ze-nes. n. s. Freedom from difficulty. 
B.Jonson. Flexibility; compliance. Hooker. Free- 
dom from constraint. Roscommon. Rest ; tranquil- 
lity; ease. Ray. 
EAST $, eest. 227, 246. n. s. [eorfc, Sax.] The quar- 
ter where the sun rises ; opposite to the west. Ab- 
bot. The regions in the eastern parts of the world. 
Shakspeare. 
EAST, eest. a. From or towards the rising sun. Ex- 

odns. x. 
EA'STER, ees'-tfir. 98. n. s. [ea r tjie, Sax.] The 
day on which the Christian church commemorates 
our Saviour's resurrection. Decay of Piety. 
EA'STERLING^es'-tur-lfng. n.s. A native of some 
country eastward. Spenser. A species of water- 
fowl. 
EA'STERLING*. See Sterling. 
EA'STERLY, ees'-tfir-le. a. Coming from the parts 
towards the east. Raleigh. Lying towards the 
east. Looking towards the east. Arbuthnot. 
EA'STERN, ees'-tfirn. a. Dwelling or found in the 
east; oriental. Pope. Lying or being towards the 
east. Addison. Going towards the east. Addison. 
Looking towards the east. Milton. 
EASTLA'NDISH, eest-land'-?sh. a. Lying or being 

towards the east. Verstegan. 
E A'ST WARD, eest'-wfird. 88. ad. Towards the east. 

Brown. 
EA'SY, e'-ze. a. Not difficult. Hooker. Not causing 
difficulty. Adiliion. Quiet ; at rest. Temple. Free 
from pain. Milton. Complying; unresisting; cred 
ulous. Shak. Ready 



Free from want of more. Swift. Not constrained; 
not formal. Pope. 
To EAT $, ete. 227, 229. v. a. preterit ate, or eat ; 
part, eat, or eaten, [efcan, Sax.] To devour with 
the mouth. Ex. x. To consume ; to corrode. Shak. 
To swallow back ; to retract. This is only used of 
a man's word. Hakevxill. 
To EAT, ote. v. n. To go lo meals ; to feed. 2 Sam. 
tx. To take food. Locke. To be maintained m 
food. Proverbs, xiii. To make way by corrosion. 
South. 
E A TABLE, e ; -ta-bl. 405. a. That may be eaten. 

Huloet. 
EA'TABLE, e'-ta-bl. n. s. Any thing that may be 

eaten. Kins;. 
EA'TER, e'-lur. 98. n. s. One that eats any thing. 

Abbot. A corrosive. 
EATH$, ee*/i. a. [eao\ Sax.] Easy. Spenser. 
EATH, ikh. ad. Easily. Spenser. An old word. 
EA'TING*, e'-tfng. n. s. Manducation. Abp. Cran- 

mer. 
EA TINGHOUSE, eH»>g-h6us. n. s. A house where 

provisions are sold ready dressed. L'Estrange. 
EAVES §, evz. 227. n.s. [epere, Sax. or the old Fr. 
ahv or eve.] The edges of the roof which overhang 
the house. Shakspeare. 
To EAVESDROP, evz'-drop. v. n. To catch what 
comes from the eaves; in common phrase, to listen 
under windows. Milton. 
EAVESDROPPER, evz'-drop'-pur. n. s. An insid- 
ious listener. Shakspeare. 
EBBS, 3b. n. s. [ebba, Sax.'J The reflux of the tide 
towards the sea : opposed to flow. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. Decline ; decay ; waste. Spenser. 
To EBB, £b. v. n. To flow back towards the sea 

Sliakspeare. To decline ; to decay. Shakspeare, 
E'BBING*, eV-bing. n. s. The reflux of the tide to- 
wards the sea. Huloet. 
E'BIONITE*, e^be-un-ite. n. s. [Ebion, Hebrew.] 
One of a sect of hereticks who denied the divinity 
of our Saviour, and asserted that he was a mere 
man ; and who rejected many parts of Scripture. 
Whithy. 
E'BIONITE*, e'-be-Sn-ite. a. Relating to the heresy 

of the Ebionites. Whiston. 
E'BEN, eV-ben. ) n, s. [c/W.] A hard, heavy, 
E'BON, eV-ftn. > black, valuable wood, which 
E'BONY, eb'-6-n£. ) admits a fine gloss. Moxon. 
Dark; black. S: 



Shak. Made of 



[ebrietas, Lat.] Drunk - 



E'BON* eV-fin 

ebony. Prior 

EBRFETY, e-brl'-e-te. 
enness. Brown. 

EBRI'LLADE, e-bril'-lade. n. s. [Fr.] A check of 
the bridle, which a horseman gives a horse, by a 
jerk of one rein, when he refuses to turn. 

EBRIO'SITY, e-bre-ds'-e-te. n. s. Habitual drunk- 
enness. Broivn. 

EBULLIENCY f , e-buF-yen-se. n. s. [ebullio, Lat.] 
A boiling over. Cudworth. 

EBULLIENT* e-bul'-y&it. a. Boiling over. Young. 

EBULLPTION, eh-fll-flsh'-fin. 177. n.s. The act of 
boiling up with heat. Smith. Any intestine mo- 
tion. Bacon. That effervescence which arises from 
the mingling together any alkalizate and acid li- 
quor. Quincy. 

ECCE'NTRICK §, ek-seV-trlk. ) a. [eccentricus, 

ECCENTRICAL §, ek-sen'-tre-kal. J Lat.] Devia- 
ting from the centre. Not having the same centre 
with another circle. Milton. Not terminating in 
the same point. Irregular : anomalous. King 
Cliarles. 

ECCENTRFCITY, ek-sSn-trV-e-te. n. s. Deviation 
from a centre. The state of having a different 
centre from another circle. Brown. Excursion 
from the proper orb. Wotton. Deviation from es- 
tablished methods ; particularity ; irregularity. 
Johnson. 

ECCE NTRICK*, gk-senMrfk. n. s. A circle not 
having the same centre with another circle. Boom. 
That which deviates from usual or common occur 



rence. Hammond. 
not unwilling. Dryden. 1 1 ECCHY'MOSIS, ek-ke-roo'-s?s. 520. n. s. [cw/m- 



ECL 



EDG 



O* 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat 5— me, mel 5— pine, pin ;— 



<n?.] Livid spots or blotches in the skin, made by 
extravasated blood. Wiseman. 

ECCLESIA'STES*, ek-kle-zhe-as'-tez. n. s. [Gr.] 
One of the canonical books of Holy Scripture. Dr. 
Gray. 

ECCLESIASTICAL Mk-kle-zhe-as'-te-kal. ) . 

ECCLESIASTICS, ek-kle-zhe-as'-tlk. \ a - 

[ecclesiaslicus, Lat.] Relating to the church. Hooker. 

ECCLESLASTICK, ek-kle-zhe-as'-tik. n. s. A per- 
son dedicated to the ministries of religion. Burnet. 

ty^F" I have given these words the flat s aspirated, as I am 
convinced it is quite agreeable to the analogy of pro- 
nunciation ; for the third syllable, coming after the sec- 
ondary accent, is exactly under the same predicament as 
the penultimate syllable in ambrosial. Ephesian,Qeod(S- 
•<ia?i, &c. — Seo Principles, No. 451. 
" And pulpit drum ecclesiastick 
a Was beat with fist instead of a stick." — Hudibras. TV. 

ECCLESLVSTICUS*, ek-kle-zhe-as'-te-kfis. n. s. 
[Lat.] One of the books which form the Apocry- 
pha. Arnold. 

ECCOPRO'TICKS, Sk-k6-pr6t'-iks. «. *. [& and 
Ar^Trpoj.] Gentle purgatives. Harvey. 

ECHiNA'TE. ek-ke-nate'. ? a. Bristled like a 

ECHINA'TED, ek-ke-naMed. ] hedgehog. Wood- 
ward. 

ECHINUS, e-ki'-nus. 503. n.s. [Lat.] A hedge- 
hog. A shell fish set with prickles. The prickly 
head, cover of the seed, or top of any plant. A 
member or ornament, resembling the prickly rind 
of a chestnut. Harris. 

E'CHO §, ek'-kd. n. s. [^u> ; echo, Lat.] Echo was 
supposed to have been once a nymph, who pined 
into a sound. Sid7iey. The return or repercussion 
Gfanv sound. Bacon. The sound returned. Shak. 

To ECHO, eV-k6. y. n. To resound ; to give the re- 
percussion of a voice. Sliak. To be sounded back. 
Blackmore. 

To E'CHO, ek'-ko. v. a. To send back a voice. De- 
cay of Piety. 

ECHO'METER*, c-kom'-e-tur. n. s. [!, X os and ui- 
rpov.~\ [In musick.] A kind of scale, serving to meas- 
ure the duration of sounds. Cliambers. 

ECHO'METRY*, e-kom'-e-tre. n. s. The art of 
making vaults or arches so as to produce an artifi- 
cial echo. 

ECLAIRCTSSEMENT, ek-klare'-slz-ment. n.s. 
[Fr.] Explanation ; the act of clearing up an affair. 
Clarendon. 

55° This word, though long in use, is not yet naturalized, j 
Every syllable but the last may be perfectly pronounced I 
by an Englishman who does not speak French ; but this | 
syllable, having a nasal vowel, not followed by hard c i 
or g-, (see Encore,) is an insuperable difficulty: the! 
nearest sound to it would perhaps be to make it rhyme I 
with long and strong. But a speaker would, perhaps, I 
risk less by pronouncing it like an English word at I 
once, than to imitate the French sound awkwardly. W. 

ECL A' T, e-klaw'. 472. n.s. [Fr.] Splendour ; show ; \ 

lustre. Pope. 
ECLE'CTlCK^ek-lek'-Uk.n.s. [f/cXfWoj.] One 
of those ancient philosophers, who, without attach- 
ing themselves to any particular sect, took from any 
what they judged good. Dnjden. One of a sect in 
the Christian church, who considered the doctrine 
of Plato conformable to the spirit of the Christian. 
One of a sect of physicians amon? the ancients 
ECLE'CTICK, ek-lek'-tik. a. Selecting. Watts. ' 
ECLEGM, ek-lem'. n. s. \sk and \h X civ.] A form 
of medicine made by the incorporation of oils with 
sirups. Quincy. 
ECLFPSE §, e-kllps'. n. s. [«Aa7ror< s .] An obscura- 
tion of the luminaries of heaven. Locke. Darkness ; 
obscuration. Raleigh. 
To ECLFPSE, e-kllps'. v. a. To darken a luminary. 
Sandys. To extinguish 3 to put out. Sliak. To 
cloud; to obscure. Sidney. To disgrace. Claren- 
don. 
To ECLFPSE*, e-kflps'. v. n. To suffer an eclipse. 

Milton. 
ECLFPTICK, e-klV-dk. n.s. A great circle of the 
sphere, supposed to be drawn through the middle 



of the zodiack, and making an angle with the 
equinoctial, in the points of aries and libra, of 
23° SO 7 , which is the sun's greatest declination 
Harris 

ECLFPTICK, e-klfp'-tik. a. Described by the eclip- 
tick line. Blackmore. Suffering an eclipse ; ob 
scured. Sir T. Herbert. 

E CLOGUE, ek'-l&g. 338. n. s. [hXoyr,.] A pastoral 
poem. Sidney. 

ECONOMICAL, gk-ko-n6m'-e-kal. ) a. Pertaining 

ECONO'MICK, ek'-ki-n&nV-lk.SSO. \ to the regu- 
lation of a household. Davies. Frugal. Wotlon. 

ECONO'MICKS* ek-k6-n&m'-iks. n.s. What apply 
to the management of household affairs. Wotton. 

ECONOMIST*, e-kdn'-o-mfst. n. s. One who is a 
good manager of affairs ; frugal and discreet. Wot- 
ton. 

To ECONOMIZE*, e-k6n'-6-mlze. v. a. To employ 
with economy. 

ECO NOMY §, e-k6n'-6-me. 296, 518. n.s. [olKovopia.] 
The management of a family. Bp. Taylor. Dis- 
tribution of expense. Dry den. t rugality ; discre- 
tion of expense. Swift. Disposition of things; reg- 
ulation. Hammond. The disposition or arrange- 
ment of any work. B. Jonson. System of matter. 
Blackmore. 

ECPHRACTlCKS^k-frak'-tlks. n.s. [h and <p 9 dr- 
rw.] Such medicines as render tough humours 
more thin. Quincy. 

E'CSTASIED, eks'-ta-sid. 282. a. Ravished; filled 
with enthusiasm. Norris. 

E'CSTASY^, eks'-ta-se. ?i.s. [eWacn?.] Any pas- 
sion by which the thoughts are absorbed, and in 
which the mind is for a time lost. Sliak. Exces- 
sive joy ; rapture. Shak. Enthusiasm ; excessive 
elevation and absorption of the mind. Milton. Ex- 
cessive grief or anxiety. Shak. Madness; distrac- 
tion. Shakspeare. 

To E'CSTASY* eks'-ta-se. v. a. To fill with rap- 
ture or enthusiasm. Scolt. 

ECSTA'TICAL, eks-tat'-e-kal. ; 0. Ravished; rap- 

ECSTA'TICK, eks-tatMk. 509. ] turous; elevated 
beyond the usual bounds of nature. Milton. Raised 
to the highest degree of joy. Pope. Tending to 
external objects. Norris. 

E CTYPAL* ek'-te-pal. a. Taken from the original. 
Elli*. 

E'CTYPE^ek'-tlpe. n.s. [hrvxos.] A copy. Locke. 
See Oecumenical. 



ECUMENICAL* 
E'CURIE, ek'-u-re 



n. s. [Fr.] A place covered for 



the lodging or housing of horses. 

EDA'CIOUS, e-da'-shus. a. [edax, Lat.] Eating; 
voracious ; devouring. 

EDA'CFTY, e-das'-e-te. n. s. Voracity ; ravenous- 
ness ; greediness. Bacon. 

To E'DDERS, ed'-dur. v. a. To bind a fence. Mor- . 
titner. 

E'DDER, eM'-dfir. 98. n. s. Such fencewood as is 
commonly put upon the top of fences. Tusser. 

E'DDER^ed'-dur. n.s. [aectep, Sax.] A viper. 

E'DDISH*, ed'-dish. n. s. [ebij-c, Sax.] A second 
crop of grass; the aftermath. 

E'DDY §, ed'-de. n. s. [eb and ea, Sax.] The water 
that runs contrary to the main stream. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. Whirlpool; circular motion. Dryden. 

E'DDY, ed ; -de. a. Whirling; moving circularly 
Dryden. 

E'DDY- WATER*, ed'-de-wa'-t&r. n. s. [In naval 
language.] The dead water; the wake. 

To EDDY*, ed'-de. v. a. To keep together in a 
whirl. Thomson. 

EDE'MATOSE, e-dem-a-tose'. a. [olfowa.] Swell- 
ing; full of humours. Arbnthwt. 

E'DEN §*, e'-den. n. s. [Hebrew.] Paradise. Sir W. 
Jones. 

E'DENIZED*, e'-den-rz'd. a. Admitted into para- 
dise. Davies. 

EDE ; NTATED §, e-den'-ta-ted. a. [edentatus, Lat.] 
Deprived of teeth. Did. 

EDENTA'TION*, e-den-ta'-shun. n.s. A pulling 
out of teeth. Cocker am. 

EDGE §, Sdje. n. s. [ecge, Sax.] The thin or cutting 
32-1 



EDU 



EFF 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, t&b, bull ; — 651 j — pdund ; — tfiin, -ruis. 



part of a blade. Shak. A narrow part rising from 
a broader. Mortimer. Brink; margin; extremity. 
Newton. Sharpness of mind ; intenseness of desire. 
Shak. Keenness ; acrimony of temper. Shuk. — To 
set teeth on edge. To cause a tingling uneasiness 
in the teeth. Bacon. 

To EDGE, edje. v. a. To sharpen. South. To fur- 
nish with an edge. Dry den. To border with any 
tiling *, to fringe. Dryden. To exasperate ; to im- 
bitter. Hayward. To put forward beyond a line. 
Locke. 

To EDGE, £dje. v.n. To move forward against any 
povver. Dryden. 

EDGED, £djd, or ed'-jed. 359. part. a. Sharp 5 not 
blunt. Digby. 

E'DGING, ed'-jing. n. s. A border added to any 
thing by wav of ornament. Dryden. A narrow lace. 

E'DGELESS, edjeMes. a. Blunt; obtuse. Shak. 

E'DGETOOL, edje'-tool. n. s. A tool made sharp 
to cut. Dorset. 

E DGEWISE, Sdie'-wlze. ad. With the edge put 
into anv particular direction. Ray. 

EDIBLE, ed'-e-bl. 603. a. [edo, Lat.] Fit to be 
eaten. Bacon. 

E'DICT, e'-dikt. n. s. [edictum, Lat.] A proclama- 
tion, or command, or prohibition; a law promul- 
gated. Hooker. 

OCT" Good speakers seem divided about the quantity of 
the vowel in the first syllable of this word. Kenrick, 
Perry, and Buchanan, make it short; and Sheridan, 
Nares, Entick, Ash, Scott, and W. Johnston, long. This 
majority has induced me to make it long likewise, and 
not any length of the same letter in the Latin edictum ; 
for, though the Latin accent is frequently a rule for the 
placing of ours, the quantity of Latin has almost as 
little to do with our quantity as it has with that of the 
Chinese or Hebrew.— See Introduction to Rhyming 
Dictionary, page xix. W. 

EDI F1CANT*, e-dlf-e-kant.a. Building ; construct- 
<ng. Dugard. 

ED1F1C ACTION, ed-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n.s. A building; 
but most commonly instruction. The act of build- 
ing up man in the faith ; improvement in holiness. I 
Bp. Taylor. Improvement ; instruction. Addison, i 

ED1T1CATORY*, e-dlf'-e-ka-tur-re. a. Tending 
to edification. Bp. Hall. 

EDIFICE., ed'-e-fis. 142. n.s. A fabrickj a build- 
ing; a structure. Sliakspeare. 

EDIFI'CIAL*, ed-e-flsh'-al. a. Respecting the ap- 
pearance of an edifice. History of the Rivers of 
Great Britain. 

E'DIFIER, ed'-e-fl-ur. n. s. A builder. Hubet. One 
that improves or instructs another. 

To EDIFY§, ed'-e-fl. v. a. [cedifco, Lat.] To build. 
Spenser. To instruct; to improve. Hooker. To 
teach ; to persuade. Bacon. 

E'DIFYING*, ed'-e-fl-mg. n. s. Instruction. 1 Cor. 
xiv. 

E'DIFYINGLY*, ed'-e-fl-ing-le. ad. In an instruc- 
tive manner. Killingbeck. 

EDILE, ef-dlle. 140. n. s. [cedUis, Lat.] The title 
of a magistrate in old Rome, whose office, in some 
particulars, resembled that of our justices of peace. 
Shakspeare. 
To EDIT §*, ed'-it. v. a. [ediler, old Fr.] To revise 
or prepare a work for publication. Brit. Crit. 

EDITION, e-dlsh'-un. n. s. [editio, Lat.] Publica- 
tion of any thing, particularly of a book. Bacon. 
Republication. Sliakspeare. 

EDFTIONER*, e-dlsh'-un-ur. n. s. [Our old word 

for editor.] A publisher. Gregory. 
E'DITOR, ed'-e-tur. 166. n. s. He that revises or 

prepares any work for publication. Addison. 
EDITO'RIAL* ed-e-ti'-re-al. a. Belonging to the 

office of an editor. Dr. Pair. 
EDITORSHIP*, Sd'-e-tur-ship. n.s. The office 

and duty of an editor. Tyers. 
To EDPTUATE*, e-dltsh'-u-ate. v. a. [cedituo, low 
Lat.] To defend or govern the house or temple. 
Gregory. 
To EDUCATE $,ed'-ju-kate. 91. v. a. [educo, Lat.] 
To breed ; to bring up ; to instruct youth. Dryden. 



ffCT This pronunciation may seem odd to those who aro 
not acquainted with the nature of the letters ; but it i« 
not only the most polite, but, in reality, the most agree- 
able to rule.— See Principles, No. 234, 376. W. 

EDUCATION, ed-ju-ka/-shun. n.s. Formation of 
manners in youth ; nurture. Hooker. 

E'DUCATOR*, ed'-ju-ka-tur. n. s. One that in- 
structs youth. Dr. Vincent. , 

7\> EDUCE §, e-duse'.v.a. [educo, Lat.] To bring 
out ; to extract. Bp. Hall. 

EDUCTION, e-duk'-sh&n. n. s. The act of bring- 
ing any thing into view, or bringing out. Slierwood. 

To EDULCORATES, e-dul'-ki-riue. v. a. [dul- 
coro, Lat.] To sweeten. Evehjn. 

EDULCORA'TION, e-dul-k6-ra'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of sweetening. [In chymistry.] The freshen- 
ing or purging any thing of its salts, by repeated 
lotions. Cliambers. [In metallurgy.] The sepa- 
rating the salts that have been lelt adhering to a 
body after any operation. Cliambers. 

EDl/LCORATIVE*, e-dul'-k6-ra-dv. a. Having 
the quality of sweetening. 

EDU'LIOUS*, e-dul'-yfis. a. [edulium, Lat.] Eata- 
ble. Sir T. Brovm. 

To EEK, eek. v. a. [eacan, Sax.] To supply any 
deficiency. To make bigger by tne addition of an- 
other piece. Spe-nser. See Eke. 

EE'KING*, eek'-mg. n. s. Augmentation. Spenser. 

EEL, eel. n.s. [eel, Sax.] A serpentine, slimy fish, 
that lurks in mud. Shakspeare. 

EE'LPOUT*, eel'-p6ut. n.s. A fish of the eel kind; 
burbot. 

E'EN, een. ad. Contracted from even. 

EFF, ef. n. s. A small lizard. 

ETFABLE, ef-fa-bl. 405. a. [effabilis, Lat.] Ex- 
pressive; utterable. Wallis. 

To EFFACE, ef-fase'. v. a. [effacer, Fr.] To de- 
stroy any thing painted or carved. To blow out ; 
to strike out. Locke. To destroy ; to wear away. 
Dryden. 

$*p° The strong tendency of the vowel to open, when il 
terminates a syllable, immediately before the accent, 
makes us frequently hear the e in these words, when 
the accent is on the second syllable, prononnced as open 
as if there were but one /. The same may be observed 
of the in occasion, offence, official, &c. This i3 cer- 
tainly a deviation from rule; but it is so general, and 
so agreeable to the ear, as to be a distinguishing mark 
of elegant pronunciation. W. 

To EFFA'SCINATE $*, ef-fas'-se-nite. v. a. To 
bewitch ; to charm. Cockeram. 

EFFASCINA'TION*, ef-fas-se-na'-shun. n.s. The 
state of being bewitched or deluded. Slielford. 

EFFECT §, ef-fekr'. 98. n. s. [effectus, Lat.] That 
which is produced by an operating cause. Sidney. 
Consequence; event. Bacon. Purpose; meaning; 
general intent. 2 Chron. Consequence intended; 
success. Gal. v. Completion; perfection. Sidney. 
Reality. Hooker. In the plural : goods; mova- 
bles. Sha/cspeare. 

To EFFECT, ef-fekt'. v. a. To bring to pass. 
2 Chron. vii. To produce as a cause. Boyle. 

EFFECTER*. See Effector. 

EFFECT1BLE, ef-fek'-te-bl. a. Performable ; prac- 
ticable; feasible. Broun. 

EFFECTION*, ef-fek'-shun. n.s. [In geometry.] 
A construction ; a proposition ; a problem, or prax- 
is, drawn from some general proposition. Ash. 

EFFECTIVE, ef-fek'-tiv. a. Having the power to 
produce effects ; efficacious; effectual. Bacon. Ope- 
rative; active. Brown. Producing effects ; efficient. 
Bp. Taylor. Having the power of operation ; use- 
ful : as, effective men in an army. 

EFFECTIVELY, ef-fek'-tiv-le. ad. Powerfully; 
with real operation. Bp. Taylor. 

EFFECTLESS, ef-fekt'-les. a. Without effect 5 im- 
potent; useless. Sha/cspeare. 

EFFECTOR, ef-fek'-tCr. 166. n. s. He that pro- 
duces any effect; performer. Spenser. Maker; 
Creator. Derham. 

EFFECTUAL, ef-fek'-tshu-al. 463. a. Productive 
of effects; powerful to a degree adequate to the 
325 



EFF 



EGE 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— roe, irugt y— pine, p?n ;— 



occasion; efficacious. Hooker. Veracious; ex- 
pressive of facts. Sfiakspeare. 
EFFECTUALLY, Sf-feV-tshu-al-le. ad- In a man- 
ner productive of the consequence intended; effi- 
caciously. South. 
EFFF/CTUALNESS^ef-fSk'-tshu-al-nes. n.s. The 

quality of being- effectual. Scott. 
To EFFECTUATE, gf-fek'-tshu-ate. v. a. To 

bring to pass ; to fulfil. Sidney. 
EFFECTUOUS*, ef-fek'-tshu-us. a. Effectual. Bar- 
ret. Ob. T. 
EFFECTUOUSLY* ef-fgk'-tshu-us-le. ad. Effect- 
ually. Stapleton. Ob. T. 
EFFEMINACY, eT-feW-e-na-se. n.s. Admission 
of the qualities of a woman; softness; unmanly 
delicacy. Mi/ton. Lasciviousness ; loose pleasure. 
Bp. Taylor. 
EFFE'MINATEMf-fem'-e-nate. 91. a. [effemina- 
tus, Lat.] Having the qualities of a woman ; wo- 
manish ; voluptuous ; tender. Bacon. Resembling 
the practice of a woman. Sfiak. Womanlike. Sliak- 
speare. 
To EFFE'MINATE, ef-fem'-e-nate. 91, 98. v. a. To 
make womanish ; to weaken ; to emasculate ; to 
unman Fanshawe. 
To EFFEMINATE, ef-fem'-e-nate. v. n. To grow 
womanish ; to soften ; to melt into weakness. Pope. 
EFFEMINATELY*, ef-feW-e-nate-le. ad. Weak- 
ly ; softly ; in an unmanly degree. Whitloclc. By 
womanish arts. Milton.. 
EFFE'MINATENESS*, ef-feW-e-nate-nes. 

Unmanly softness. Sidney. 
EFFEMINA'TION, ef-fem-e-na'-shun. n. s. The 
state of one grown womanish; the state of one 
emasculated or unmanned. Brown. 
To EFFERVESCE §, ef-fer-veV. v.n. [effervesco, 
Lat.] To generate heat bv intestine motion. Mead. 
EFFERVESCENCE, ef-fer-veV-sense. 510. n. s. 
Tiie act of growing hot; production of heat by in- 
testine motion. Grew. 
E'FFEROUS*, ef-fe-rfis. a. [e ferns, Lat.] Fierce; 

wild; savage. Bp. Kins;. Ob. T. 
EFFETE, ef-fete'. a. [ejfoskus, Lat.] Barren ; dis- 
abled from generation. Ray. Worn out with age. 
South. 
EFFICACIOUS §, eY-fe-ka'-shfis. a. [ejlcace, Fr.] 
Productive of effects; powerful to produce the con- 
sequence intended. Milton. 
EFFICACIOUSLY, ef-fe-ka'-shus-le. ad. Effect- 
ually. Dis;by. 
EFFICACIOUSNESS*, ef-fe-ka'-shus-nes. n. s. 

The quality of being efficacious. Ash. 

EFFICACY, eT-fe-ka-se. n.s. Power to produce 

effects ; production of the consequence intended. 

Hooker. 

EFFICIENCE, gf-flsh'-yeW ) 98. n. s. [efficio, 

EFFICIENCY, Sf-flsh'-ySn-se. \ Lat.] The act of 

producing effects; agency. Hooker. 
EFFICIENT, ef-f Jsh'-yent. n. s. The cause which 
makes effects to be what they are. Hooker. He 
that makes; the effector. Hale. 
EFFICIENT, ef-flsh'-yent. 113. a. Causing ef- 
fects. Collier. 
EFFICIENTLY*, ef-ffsh'-yent-le. ad. Effectively. 

Smth. 
To EFFIE'RCE* ef-feerse'. v. a. To make fierce 

or furious. Spenser. 
To EFFICIATES, ef-frd'-je-ate. v. a. [effigio, Lat.] 

To form in semblance ; to image. Dean Kins;. 
EFFIGIA'TION, ef-fid'-je-a'-shun. n. s. The act of 

imaging. Diet. 
EFFICIES, eY-fld'-jes. )n. s. [effi.gks, Lat.] Re- 
E'FFIGY, ef-fe-je. S semblance; image in 

painting or sculpture. Dryden. 
To EFFLACITATE*, ef-flad'-je-tate. v. a. [effla- 
gito, Lat.] To demand a thing earnestly. Cockeram. 
To EFFLA'TE*, eT-flate'. v. a. [efflo, Lat.] To fill 

with the breath; to puff up. Sir T. Herbert. 
EFFLORESCENCE, ef-fl6-reY-sense. J 510. ?i. s. 
EFFLORESCENCY, eY-flo-reV-sln-se. $ [efllores- 
co, Lat.] Production of flowers. Bacon. Excres- 
cences in the form of flowers Woodward. [In 



physick.1 The breaking out of some humours in the 
skin. Wit 



EFFLORESCENT, ef-fli-res'-s&it. a Shooting out 
in form of flowers. Woodxcard. 

E'FFLUENCE$, Sf-flu-ense. n.s. [effluence, Fr.] 
That which issues from some other principle. 
Milton. 

E'FFLUENT*, & ? -flu-ent. a. Inflammatory. Chamb. 

EFFLU'VIA, ef-flu'-vc-a. )n. ?. Those small 

EFFLU'VIUM, eY-flu'-ve-urn. \ particles which are 
continually flying off from bodies. Brown. 

E'FFLUX, ef'-fl&ks. 492. n. s. The act of flowing 
out. Harvey. Effusion j flow. Hammond. That 
which flows from something else ; emanation. More. 

To EFFLUX, e'f-fluks'. 98. v.n. To run out; to 
flow away. Boyle. 

EFFLUXION, Sf-fluk'-shSn. n. s. The act of flow- 
ing out. Brown. Effluvium ; emanation. Bacon. 

T^EFFORCE, ef-f6rse'. v. a. [eforcer, Fr.] To 
force ; to break through by violence. Spenser. To 
ravish ; to violate by force. Spenser. To strain. 
Spenser. 

To EFFO'RM$, ef-form'. v. a. [efformo, Lat.] To 
make in any certain manner; to shape; to fashion. 
Bp. Taylor. 

EFFORMA'TION, eY-f6r-ma/-shun. n. s. Fashion- 
ing or giving form to. More. 

E'FFORT, eY-fort. n. s. Struggle ; strain; vehement 
action ; laborious endeavour. Addison. 

EFFOSSION, ef-fosh'-un. n.s. [effodio, Lat.] Dig- 
ging up from the ground ; delerration. Arbuthnot. 

EFFRA'IABLE*. eT-fnV-a-bl. a. [efiroyable, Fr.] 
Dreadful; frightful. Harverj. Ob. T. 

To EFFRA'Y §*. ef-fra'. v. a. [efirayer, Fr.] To af- 
fright; to senre. Spenser. 
EFFRENA'TION*. ef-fi^-na'-shun. n. s. [etframa- 
tio, Lat.] Unruliness; unbridled rashness." Cocke- 



E'FFRONTERY, ef-fr&n'-ter-e. n.s. [effronterie, 

Fr.] Impudence; shamelessness. Watts. 
To EFFU'LGEMf-fulje'. v. n. Uffulgeo, Lat.] To 

send forth lustre or effulgence. Tliomson. 
EFFU'LGENCE, £f-f&F-jense. 98, 177. n. s. Lustre; 

brightness. Milton. 
EFFU'LGENT^f-ful'-jent. a. Shining; bright; lu- 
minous. Blackmore. 
To EFFUME $*, ef-fiW. v. a. [fumiis, Lat.] To 

breathe or puff out. B. Jonson. 
EFFUMABI'LITY, ef-fu-ma-b?l'-e-te. ?i. s. The 
quality of flying away, or vapouring in fumes. 
Boyle. 
To EFFU'ND*, Sf-f&nd'. v. a. [effundo, Lat.] To 

Dourout. More. Ob. T. 
To EFFUSE ^ef-fuze'. 437. v. a. [efusus, Lat.] To 

pour out ; to spill ; to shed. Milton. 
EFFUSE, gf-fiW. n.s. Waste, effusion. Sliak. 

Ob. J. 
EFFUSE* ef-fiW. a. Dissipated; extravagant. 

Bp. Richardson. 
EFFUSION, Sf-fiV-zhun. 98. n. s. The act of pour- 
ing out. Shak. Waste ; the act of spilling or shed- 
ding. Hooker. The act of pouring out words. 
Hooker. Bounteous donation. Hammond. The 
thing poured out. K. Charles. 
EFFUSIVE, ef-fiV-slv. 499, 428. a. Pouring out 

dispersing. Tliomson. 
EFT, eTt. n. s. [epefca, SaxJ A newt. 
EFT§, eft. ad. [ejrfc, Sax.] Soon; quickly. Spenser. 

Oh. J. 
E'FTSOONS, M-s66nz'. ad. fepfc and r-oon,Sax.] 
Soon afterwards ; in a short time ; again. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 
E. G. [exempli gratia.'] For the sake of an instance 

or example. 
ECER, e'-gfir. n. s. An impetuous or irregular 

flood or tide. Brown. 
To EGE'RMINATE*, e-jeV-mc-nate. v.n. [eger- 

mino, Lat.] To spring or bud out. Cockeram. 
7\>EGEST§, e-jSst'. v. a. [egero, Lat.] To throw 

out food at the natural vents. Bacon. 
EGESTION, e-jeV-tsh&n. 464. n.s. Throwing out 
the digested food at the natural vents. Foiherby. 
326 



EIG 



ELA 



— 116, move, ndr, n6t ;— tube, tab, bfiU ; — o?l }— pound ;— thin, THis. 



EGGS, eg. n. s. [«£, Sax.] That which is laid by 
feathered and some other animals, from whirl 
their young is produced. Bacon. The spawn or 

sperm. Shak. Any thing fashioned in the shape 

of an egg x Boyle. 
To EGG, €g. v. a. [ eggia, Icelandick.] To incite ; 

to instigate. Chancer. 
E'GGER*, ^g'-gfir. n. s. Oue who incites. Sherwood. 
E'GGERY* eg'-ge-re. See Eyry. 
EGGING*, ig'-ging. n. s. Incitement. Cleaveland. 
EGILO'PICAL*, e3e-l6p'-e-kal. a. [cegilops, Lat.] 

Affected with the aegilops, or tending to it. 
E'GILOPS*. See^EciLOPS. 
E'GIS* SeeJEcis. 
E GLANTlNE,eg'-lan-dn. 150. n.s. {esglantier, Fr.] 

A species of rose ; sweet-briar. Shalcspeare. 
E GLOGUE*. See jEglogue. 
EGOISM*, e'-g6-?zm. in. s. [ego, Lat.] The 
E GOM1SM*, e'-go-mizm. \ opinion of those, who 

profess themselves uncertain of every thing but 

their own existence. Baxter. 
E'GOIST*, e'-go-ist. n. s. A skeptick ; one who pre- 

teuds to doubt of every thing but his own existence. 

Reid. 
EGOTISM, e'-gi-tlzm. n. s. The fault committed 

in writing by the frequent repetition of the word 

Spectator. 

{£?* Contrary to ray own judgement, I have made the e 
in the first syllable of this word long, because I see it 
is uniformly so marked in all the dictionaries I have 
seen : but I am much mistaken if analogy does not in 
time recover her rights, and shorten this vowe! by join- 
ing it to the g, as if written eg-o-tism ; not because this 
vowel is short in the Latin ego, (for the English quan- 
tity has very little to do with the Latin,) but because 
the word may be looked upon as a simple in our lan- 
guage, and the accent is on the antepenultimate sylla- 
ble. Mr. Elpliinston, whose opinion in this point is of 
the greatest weight, makes the first vowel short. — See 
Principles, No. 511, 530, 536. W. 



ego, or I; too frequent mention of a man's self. 



EGOTIST, e'-g6-dst. n.s. One that is always re- 

pealing the word ego, I; a talker of himself. Sped. 
EGOTFSTICAL*, e-go-ds'-te-kal. a. Self-conceit- 
ed. 
To EGOTIZE, e'-go-tize. v.n. To talk much of 

one's self. 
EGREGIOUS S, e-gre'-je-fis. a. [egregius, Lat.] 

Eminent; remarkable; extraordinary. Raleigh. 

Eminently bad ; remarkably vicious. Hooker. 
EGREGlOUSLY, e-gre'-je-as-le. ad. Eminently) 

shamefully. Shakspeare. 
EGREGIOUSNESS* e-gre'-je-us-n^s. n. s. The 

state of being eminent. Shenc'ood. 
E GRESS, e'-grSs. n. 5. [egressus, Lat.] The power 

or act of going out of any place ; departure. Sliak. 
EGRESSION, e-grgsh'-un. n. s. The act of going 

out. B. Jonson. 
EGRET, e'-grtt. n. s. A fowl of the heron kind. 

Bailey. A feather of the fowl. B. Jonson. 
EGRIMONY*, eg'-re-mun-ne. n. s. The herb agri- 

monv. Cotgrave. Great sorrow ; grief. Cockeram. 
EGRIOT, e'-gre-ot. n. s. [aigret, Fr.] A species of 

cherry. Bacon. 
EGYPTIANS* e-j?p'-she-ans. n. s. [from Egypt.] 

Gipsies. Sherwood. 
EFDER* l'-dfir. ? n. s. [eider, Swed.] 

EFDER-DOWN*,r'-dar-ddi , ln. S The down of a 

Gothland duck, called eider. Pennant. 
EIGH, ay. interj. An expression of sudden delight. 
EIGHT*, ayt. n. s. [i^aS, Sax.] An island in a 

river. Evelyn. 
EIGHTS, ayt. a. [eahfca, Sax.] Twice four. A 

word of number. Sandys. 

#5° The genuine aound of the diphthong in this word and 
its compounds does not seem to be that of the first sound 
of a, which Mr. Sheridan has given it under the second 
sound of e, but a combination of the first sound of a and 
t pronounced as closely together as possible. Bot, as 
this distinction is very delicate, and may not be more 
easily apprehended than that between meat and meet, 
246, I have given the diphthong the same sound as Mr, 
Sheridan has done. W. 



EIGHTH, kyith. a. [ehteoSa, Sax.] Next in 
order to the seventh ; the ordinal of eight. Slink* 
speare. 
#C7~ This word, as it ia written, by no means conveys the 
sound annexed to it in speaking: for the abstract ter- 
mination th, beiug a perfect lisp, is quite distinct from 
the final t of eight, and can never coalesce with it with- 
out depriving the word of one of its letters. The only 
sound conveyed by the letters of this word, as now spelt, 
is as if written oyth •. and if we would spell this sound 
as we pronounce it, and as the analogy of formation 
certainly requires, we must necessarily write it eightth. 
This would have an unusual appearance to the eye ; 
and this would be a sufficient reason with the multitude 
for opposing it; but men of sense ought to consider, 
that the credit of the language is concerned in rectify- 
ing this radical fault in its orthography. W. 
EIGHTEEN, av'-teen. a. Twice nine. Shakspeare. 
EIGHTEENTH, ay'-teentfi. a. The next in order to 

the seventeenth. 1 Kings. 
EIGHTFOLD, ayt'-fold. a. Eight times the number 

or quantity. 
EIGHTHLY, ayu7i'-le. ad. In the eighth place. Ba- 
con. 
EIGHTIETH, ay'-te-M. a. The next in order to 

the seventy-ninth. Wilkins. 
EIGHTSCORE, ayt'-sk6re. a. Eight times twenty. 

Sliakspeare. 
EIGHTY, iy'-te. a. Eight times ten. Shakspeare. 
EIGNE, ane. a. \aisne, Fr.] [In law.] The eldest or 

first born. Bacon. 
EILD*. See Eld. 
EFSEL, e'-sil. n.s. [eiril, Sax.] Vinegar; verjuice. 

Sir T. More. B . • 

EFTHER, e'-THfir. pron. [e#Sep, Sax.] Which- 
soever of the two ; whether one or the other. Shak. 
Each ; both. Hah. Any of an indeterminate num- 
ber. Bacon. 
EFTHER, e'-THfir. 252. ad. A distributive adverb, 
answered by or ; either the one or. It sometimes 
stands by itself, in the sense of or. Bacon. 
To EJACULATES, e-jak'-u-Iate. v. a. [ejaculor. 

Lat.] To throw ; to shoot ; to dart out. Giew. 
EJACULATION, e-jak-u-la'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
darting or throwing out. Bacon. A short prayer 
darted out occasionally. Bp. Taylor. 
EJAGULATORY^-iak'-u-la-tfir-e. a. Throwing 
out. Smith. Suddenly darted out 3 uttered in 
short sentences. Duppa. Sudden; hasty. L' Es- 
trange. 
To EJECTS, e-j£kt'. v. a. [ejicio, ejectum, Lat.] Tc 
throw out; to cast forth; to void. Sandys. Tc 
throw out or expel frcm an office or possession. 
Milton. To expel ; to drive away. Sha/ljpeare. 
To cast away ; to reject. Hooker. 
EJECTION, e-jeV-shun. n. 5. Casting out ; explo- 
sion. Bp. Hall. [In physickj The discharge of 
anv thing by an emunctory. Quincy. 
EJECTMENT, e-je'kt'-ment. n. s. A legal writ by 
which any inhabitant of a house, or tenant of an es> 
tate, is commanded to depart. Expulsion in gen« 
eral. Bp. Fleetwood. 
EJULA'TION, gd-ju-la'-shfin. n. s. [ejulxtio, Lat.] 
Outcry ; lamentation ; moan ; wailing, government 
of the Tongue. 
To EKE S, eke. v. a. [eacan, Sax.l To increase. 
Shak. To supply ; to fill up deficiencies. Sliak. 
To protract ; to lengthen. SfiaJc. To spin out by 
useless additions. Pope. 
EKE, eke. conjunct, [eac, Sax.] Also 3 likewise 3 be- 
side ; moreover. Spenser. 
EKE*, eke. n. s. An addition. Geddes. 
E'KING* e'-k?ng. n. s. Increase. 
E-LA*, e-la 7 . n. s. The highest note in the scale of 

musick. 
To ELABORATES, e-lab'-6-rate. v. a. [elaboro. 
Lat.] To produce with labour. Young. To 
heighten and improve by successive endeavours 
or operations. Arbuthnot. 
ELABORATE, e-lab'-6-rate. 91. a. Finished with 

great diligence. Milton. 
ELABORATELY, e-lauV-6-rate-le. ad. Laborious 
iy j with great study or labour. South. 



ELE 



ELE 



O" 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fat ;— me, mk ;— pme, pin 



ELABORATENESS*, e-lab'-o-rate-nSs. n.s. Com- 
pletion by successive endeavours. Johnson. 
ELABORATION, e-lab-o-ra'-sh&n. n.s. Improve- 
ment by successive operations. Ray. 
ELA'BORATORY*, e-lab'-o-ra-tftr-e. n.s. [ekbo- 
ratoire, Fr.] A chymist's work-room. Life of A. 
Wood. 
ELA / MPING*,e-lamp / -?nff.a. [lampante. ltal.] Shin- 
ing ; giving light. G. Fletcher. Ob. T. 
To ELA'NCE, e-lanse'. v. a. [elmtcer, Fr.] To throw 

out ; to dart. Prior. 
To ELA'PSE, e-lapse'. v. n. [elapsus, Lat.] To pass 

away ; to glide awav. Ricluxrdson. 
ELA'STlCAL^e-las'-te-kal. )a. [fXaw.] Having 
ELA'STICK§, e-las'-tik. ) th . e power of re- 
turning to the form, from which it is distorted or 
withheld ; springy ; having the power of a spring. 
Newton. 
ELASTICITY, e-las-tis'-e-te. n.s. Force in bodies, 
by which they endeavour to restore themselves to 
the posture from whence they were displaced by 
any external force. Arhdhnot. 
ELA'TE$, e-late'. a. [elatus,Lat] Flushed with suc- 
cess 5 lofty 5 haughty. Chaucer. 
To ELA'TE, e-late'. v. a. To elevate with success 5 
to puff up with prosperity. Hume. To exalt 5 to 
heighten. Thomson. 
ELATEDLY*, e-la'-tgd-le. ad. In a conceited man- 
ner, arising from success. Feltham. 
ELATE 1 RJUM^X-Uh'-r^m. n.s. [Lat.] An in- 
spissated juice, procured from the fruit of the wild 
cucumber; a very violent purge. Hill. 
ELATION, £-la/-shftn. n. s. Haughtiness proceeding 

from success. Atterbury. 
E'LBOW*, el'-bo. 327. n. s. [elbo^a, Sax.] The 
next joint or curvature of the arm below the shoul- 
der. Pope. Any flexure, or angle. Bacon. — To be 
at the elbow. To be near. Slxakspeare. 
To E'LBOW, eT-bo. v. a. To push with the elbow. 
DryderL To push ; to drive to a distance. Shak- 
speare. 
To E'LBOW, eT-b6. v.n. To jut out in angles. Diet. 
To clash; tojustle; to be quarrelsome. Manny ng- 
ham. 
ELBOWCHA'IR, el-b6-tshare'. n.s. A chair with 

arms to support the elbows. Gay. 
E'LBOWROOM, eT-bo-roSm. n.s. Room to stretch 
out the elbows on each side ; freedom from confine- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 
ELD 4, &d. n. s. [ealb, Sax.] Old age ; decrepitude. 
Spenser. Old people ; persons worn out with years. 
Chapnan. 
E'LDER, eV-d&r. 98. a. Surpassing another in years. 

Hooker. 
E'LDERS, e'K-darz. n. s. plur. Persons whose age 
gives them a claim to credit and reverence. 1 Tim. 
v. Ancestors. Pope. Those who are older than 
others. Spenser. [Among the Jews.] Rulers of 
the people. [In the New Testament.] Ecclesias- 
ticks. [Among Presbyterians.] Laymen introduc- 
ed into the kirk-polity. Cleaveland. 
ELDER, cF-dfir. 98. n.s. [ellara, Sax.] The name 

of a tree. Miller. 
E'LDERLY, eK-d&r-le. a. Bordering upon old age. 

Swift. 
E'LDERSHIP, el'-d&r-sh?p. n. 5. Seniority 5 primo- 
geniture. Raleigh. Presbytery ; ecclesiastical 
senate. Hooker. 
E'LDEST, el'-dest a. The oldest ; that has the right 
of primogeniture. Sliak. The person that has lived 
most years. Locke. 
E'LDING* Sl'-dlng. n.s. [aeleb, Sax. fire.] Wood 

and sticks for burning ; fuel. Grose. 
ELECAMPANE, el-e-kam-pane'. n.s. A plant ; 

starwort. Miller. 
To ELECTS, e-lekt'. v. a. [eleclus, Lat.] To choose 
for any office or use. Daniel. [In theology.] To 
select as an object of eternal mercy. Burnet. 
ELECT, e-l£kr a. Chosen ; taken by preference 
from among others. Slxak. Chosen to an office, 
not yet in possession. Aylijfe. [In theology.] 
Chosen as an object of eternal mercy. Milton. 



ELECTANT* e-leV-tant. n. s. One who has the 
power of choosing. Search. 

ELECTARY^e-lek'-ta-re.n.s. A form of medi- 
cine made of conserves and powders, of the con- 
sistence of honey. 

{£p This is an alteration of the word electuary, which 
has taken place within these few years ; and, it must be 
owned, is an alteration for the better ; for, as there is 
no u in the Latin electarium, there can be no reason for 
inserting it in our English word, which is derived from 
it. TV. 

ELECTION, e-leV-shun. n.s. [eleclio, Lat.] The 
act of choosing; choice. Milton. The power of 
choice. Davies. Voluntary preference. Rogers. 
Discernment; distinction. Bacon. [In theology.] 
The predetermination of God by which any were 
selected for eternal life. Atterbury. The ceremony 
of a publick choice. Addison. 

ELECTIONEERING*, e-lek'-shfin-eerMng. n. s. 
The practices used at the election of a member for 
parliament. Warlon. A low word. 

ELECTIVE, e-lek'-tfv. a. Regulated or bestowed 
bv choice. Bacon. Exerting the power of choice. 
Grew. 

ELE'CTIVELY, e-lek'-tlv-le. ad. By choice ; with 

£ reference of one to another. Ray. 
ECTOR, e-lgk'-tfir. 98. n. s. He that has a vote 
in the choice of any officer. Waller. A prince 
who has a voice in the choice of the German em- 

ferour. 
ECTORAL, e-lek'-to-ral. a. [from elector.'] Hav- 
ing the dignity of an elector. Burke. 
ELECTORA'LITY*, e-lSk-td-ral'-e-te. n.s. The 

territory of an elector. Treaty in Wotton's Rem. 
ELECTORATE, e-leV-to-rate. 91. n.s. The terri- 
tory of an elector. Addison. 
ELECTORESS*, e-leV-t6-r&. ) n. s. The wife or 
ELECTRESS, e-leV-tres. \ widow of an 

elector. Burnet. 
ELECTRE, e-leV-tur. 98, 416. n.s. [ekclnim, Lat.] 
Amber ; which, having the quality, when warmed 
by friction, of attracting bodies, gave to one species 
of attraction the name of electricity ; and, to the 
bodies that so attract, the epithet electrick. A mixed 
metal. Bacon. 
ELECTRICAL §, e-leV-tre-kal. ) a. Attractive 
ELECTRICK §, e-leV-tr?k. \ without mag- 

netism 5 attractive by a peculiar property, supposed 
once to belong chiefly to amber. Brown. Produc- 
ed by an electrick body. Brown. 
ELECTRICIAN*, e-lek-trfsh'-un. n.s. One who is 

skilled in the theory of electricity. Wilson. 
ELECTRICITY, e-lek-trls'-e-t^. n. s. The name of 
an unknown natural power, which produces a great 
variety of peculiar and surprising phenomena. See 
Amber. 
To ELECTRIFY*, e-lek'-lre-fl. v. a. To render 

electrick ; to communicate electricity. Hales. 
To ELECTRIZE*, e-l^k'-trlze. v. a. To attract by 
a peculiar properly. History of tfie Royal So- 
ciety. 
ELECTROMETER* , e-lek-tronV-e-tfir. n.s. [A«- 
rpov and /u'rpov.] An instrument for measuring the 
quantity, and determining the quality, of electricit"- 
in any electrified body. Cluxmbers. 
ELECTUARY, e-lek'-tshu-ar-e. n. s. [etectarium, 
Lat.] A form of medicine made of conserves and 
powders, in the consistence of honey. Quincy. See 
Electary. 
ELEEMO'SYNARY, el-e-mdz'-e-nar-e. a. Living 
upon alms; depending upon charity. Warton. 
Given in charity. Stephens. 
ELEEMOSYNARY*, el-e-m&z'-e-nar-e. n. s. One 

who subsists upon alms or charity. South. 
ELEGANCE, el'-e-gamse. ) n. s. Beauty without 
E'LEGANCY, el'-e-gan-se. $ grandeur. Raleigh. 

Any thing that pleases by its nicety. Bp. Taylor. 
ELEGANTS, eT-e-gant. a. [elegans, Lat.] Nice; 
accurate in discerning. Milton. Pleasing by mi- 
nuter beauties. Pope. Nice; not coarse; not 
gross. Pope. 
E'LEGANTLY, eT-e-gant-le. ad. In such a manner 
328 



ELE 



ELL 



— nd, move, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— dll;— pflund;— tlim, THis. 



as to please. Milton. Neatly ; nicely 5 with minute 

beauty. Bacon. 
ELEGl'ACAL*, el-e-jl'-a-kal. a, Belonging- to an 

elegy-. Cotgrave. 
ELEGl'ACK, el-e-jl'-ak. „. Used in elegies. Phil- 

lips. Pertaining to elegies. Ld. Chesterfield. 

Mournful} sorrowful. Gay. 

Q^T Our own analogy would lead us to place the accent 
upon the second syllable of this word, [Perry and Web- 
ster do so place it,] but its derivation from the Latin 
rlcgiacus, and the Greek e\eyetaKos, (in both which the 
antepenultimate is long,) obliges us, under pain of ap- 
pearing grossly illiterate, to place the accent 'on the 
same letter. But it may be observed, that we have 
scarcely an instance in the whole language of adopting 
a Latin or Greek word, and curtailing it of a syllable, 
without removing the accent higher on the English 
word. — See Academy. W. 

ELEGl'ACK*, el-e-jl'-ak. n. s. Elegiack verse. 
Warton. 

ELEGIAST*, el-e-jl'-ast. ) n.s. A writer of elegies. 

E'LEGlST*.eT-e-jist. \ Goldsmith. 

E'LEGY§.£l'-e-je. n.s. [eieyos.] A mournful song. 
Shak. A funeral song. Dry den. A short poem 
without points or affected elegancies. Shenstone. 

ELE 1 GIT*, el-e'-jh. n. 5. [Lat.] [In law.] A writ 
so called. Burke. 

ELEMENT §, el'-e-ment. n.s. [elementum, Lat.] 
The first or constituent principle of ahv thing. 
Hooker. The four elements, usually so called, are 
earth, fire, air, water. Sliak. The proper habita- 
tion or sphere of any thing. Shak. An ingredi- 
ent ; a constituent part. Shak. The letters of any 
language. The lowest or first rudiments of litera- 
ture or science. Hooker. 

To E'LEMENT, el'-e-ment. v. a. To compound of 
elements. Boyle. To constitute ; to make as a first 



)rinciple. Donne, 
ELEMENTAL, el-e-men'-tal. a. Produced by some 
Arising from first 



pnn< 

:le> 

of the four elements. Milton. 

frinciples. Broivn. Rude: elementary. Burke. 
EMENTA'LITY*, el-e-men-tal'-e-te. n. s. Com- 
position ; combination of ingredients. Whitlock. 
ELEMENTA'RITY, el-e-men-tar'-e-te. n.s. The 
simplicity of nature ; absence of composition ; being 
uncompounded. Broun. 
ELEMENTARY, el-e-men'-tar-e. a. Uncompound- 
ed ; having only one principle or constituent part. 
Ray. Initial; rude. B. Jonson. Of or belonging 
to the elements. Harmar. 
ELE'MI, e-le'-me. n.s. A drug brought from Ethiopia. 

Hill. 
ELE'NCH$, e-lensh'. ti.s. [elenchus, Lat.] An argu- 
ment ; a sophism. Brown. 
To ELE'NCHIZE*, e-len'-tshfee. v. n. To dispute. B. 

Jonson. 
ELE'NCHTICAL*, e-lensh'-te-kal. a. Serving to 

confute. Wilkim. 
ELE'OTS, e-le'-&ts. n. s. Apples in request in the 

cider countries. Mortimer. 
E'LENGE*. See Ellinge. 
ELEPHANTS, eT-e-fant. n. s. [ekphas, Lat.] The 
largest of quadrupeds, of whose sagacity, faithful- 
ness, and understanding, many surprising relations 
are given. His teeth are the ivory. Sluxlcspeare. 
Ivory; the teeth ~ r elephants. Dryaen. 
ELEPHANTI'ASlS, el-e-fan-tl'-a-sls.n.s. [elephan- 
tiasis, Lat.] A species of leprosy, so called from in- 
crustations like those on the hide of an elephant. 
Fuller. 
ELEPHA'NTINE, el-e-fan'-tin. 140. a. Pertaining 

to the elephant. 
To ELEVATES, el'-e-vate. 91. v. a. [elevo, Lat.] 
To raise up aloft. Shak. To exalt ; to dignify. 
Sheristone. To raise with great conceptions. 
Locke. To elate with vicious pride. Milton. To 
lessen by detraction : not in use. Hooker. 
ELEVATE, el'-e-vate. 91. part. a. Exalted ; raised 
aloft. Milton. Raised with great conceptions. 
Milton. 
ELEV V'TION, el-e-va'-shfln. n. s. The act of raising 
aloft. Woodwurd. Exaltation; dignity. Locke. 
42 



Exaltation of the mind by noble conceptions. Nor- 
ris. Exaltation of style. Walton. Attention to 
objects above us. Hooker. The height of any 
heavenly body with respect to the horizon. Brown. 

E'LEVATOR, el'-e-va-tur. 521, 1G6. n.s. A raiser 
or lifter up. Quincy. 

ELE' VE*, el-ave'. n. s. Literally, a scholar or dis- 
ciple ; one who has studied under a particular mas- 
ter. Ld. Chesterfield. One brought up, or protected, 
by another. Florio. 

ELE'VENS, e-lev'-vn. 103. a. [senblepen, Sax.] 
Ten and one. Slutkspeare. 

ELEVENTH, e-leV-vn*/i. a. The next in order to 
the tenth: Raleigh. 

ELF^eff. 74. 5. plural elfs and elves, [eilf, Welsh.] A 
wandering spirit, supposed to be seen in wild, un- 
frequented places ; a fairy. Shak. A devil. Dry- 
den. A dwarf, or little person. Shenstone. 

To ELF, £lf. v. a. To entangle hair in so intricate a 
manner, that it is not to be unravelled. Shakspeare. 

ELFLOCK, elf-lok. n.s. Hair twisted by elves ; a 
common superstition. Shakspeare. 

E'LFIN, el'-fin. a. Relating to fairies ; elfish. Spen- 
ser. 

ELFIN*, el'-fin. n. s. A child ; an urchin. Shenstone. 

E'LFISH*, el'-fish. a. Relating to elves or demons. 
Warton. 

To ELICIT §, e-lfs'-slt. r. a. [elicio, Lat.] To strike 
out ; to fetch out by labour or art. Hale. 

ELI'CIT, e-lls'-sft. a. Brought into act. Hammond. 

ToELFCITATE*, e-hY-e-tatc. t>. a. To elicit. More. 

ELICIT A'TION, e-lls-se-ta'-sh&n. n. s. A deducing 
of the power of the will into act. Bp. Bramhall. 

To ELI'DE, e-llde'. v. a. [elido, Lat.] To break in 
pieces ; to crush. Hooker. To cut off a syllable. 
Brit. Crit. 

ELIGIBILITY, el-e-je-bil'-e-te. n. s. Worthiness to 
be chosen. Bp. Taylor. 

ELIGIBLE §, el'-e-je-bl. 405. a. [eligibilis, Lat.] 
Fit to be chosen ; preferable. Addison. 

ELIGIBLENESS, el'-e-je-bl-nes. n. s. Worthiness 
to be chosen ; preferableness. 

!FoELI'MINATE§*, e-lW-e-nate. v. a. [elimino, 
Lat.] To open ; to release from confinement ; to 
put out of doors. Lovelace. 

ELIMINATION, e-hm-e-na'-shun.rc.s. The act of 
banishing ; rejection. Bp. Hall. 

ELIQUA'TION*, el-e-kwa'-sh&n. n.s. [eliqnaius, 
Lat.] [In metallurgy.] A separation of the different 
parts of mixed bodies, by the different degrees of 
fire required to melt them. Chambers. 

ELFS10N, e-llzh'-un. n, s. [elisio, Lat.] The act of 
cutting off. Sicift. Division ; separation of parts. 
Bacon. 

ELI TE*, el-eet'. [Fr.] A military word, denoting 
the flower or chosen part of an army. 

To ELl'XATE p, e-l'iks'-ate. v. a. [elixo, Lat.] To 
seethe or boil. Cockeram. 

ELIXA'TION,el-?k-sa'-shun. 533, 530. n.s. The act 
of boiling or stewing any thing. Brown. 

ELI'XIR, e-llk'-sur. 418. n. s. [Arabick.J A medi- 
cine made by strong infusion, where the ingredients 
are almost dissolved in the menstruum. Quincy. 
The liquor with which chymists hope to transmute 
metals to gold. Donne. The extract or quintes- 
sence of any thing. South. Any cordial. Milton. 

%Cf There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, even 
among the upper ranks of people, which changes the i 
in the second syllable into e, as if written elexir. The 
i is never pronounced in this manner when the accent is 
on it, except when followed by r and another conso- 
nant. 108. W. 

ELK, elk. n. s. [aelc, Sax.] A large and stately ani- 
mal of the stag kind. Hill. 

ELKE* elk. n. s. [alarch, Welsh.] A wild swan. 

ELL, §1. n.s. [eln, Sax.] A measure containing a 
yard and a quarter. Addison. It is taken prover- 
bially for a long measure. Herbert. 

E'LLINGE*, el'-llnje. a. [a?len£e, Sax.] Cheerless 
sad. Vis. of P. Ploughman. 

ELLI'PSISS, el-lip'-sk [See Efface.] n.s. [?X- 
Xttrrcrtf.] A figure of rhetorick, by which something 
329 



ELU 



EMA 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, mel ;— pine, pin : 



pronounces a 



is left out. Hammond. [In geometry.] An oval 
figure, generated from the section of a cone, by a 

f)lane cutting both sides of the cone, but not paral- 
el to the base, and meeting with the base when 
produced. Han-is. 
ELLFPTICAL, gl-hp'-te-kal. ) a. Having the form 
ELLITTJCK, el-hy-tik. S of an ellipsis 5 oval. 
Cheyne. Denoting the use of the rhetorical figure. 
Knatchbull. 
ELLFPTICALLY* gl-hp'-te-kal-le. ad. According 

to the rhetorical figure. Hard. 
ELM§, elm. ?i. s. [ulmus, Lat.] The name of a tree. 

Miller. 
E'LMY*, eF-me. a. Abounding with elm trees. T. 

Warton. 
ELOCATION*, eFo-ka'-shan. n.s. [elocatus,Lat.] 
A removal from the usual place of residence. Bp. 
Hall. A departure from usual method 5 an ecstasy. 
Fotherby. 
ELOCUTION, el-o-ku'-shun. n . s. [elocutio, Lat.] 
The power of fluent speech. JVotton. Power of 
speaking; speech. Milton. The power of ex- 
pression or diction ; eloquence ; beauty of words. 
Dryden. 
ELOCUTIVE*, el-o-ku'-tlv. a. Having the power 

of eloquent expression. Felllmm. 
E'LOGE*, eF-6dje. n.s. [Fr.] A funeral oration ; 

a panegyrick on the dead. Alterbury. 
E'LOGIST* eF-6-jlst. n.s. One who 1 

panegyrick. Wotlon. 
E'LOGY, eF-6-je. 503. n.s. Praise; panegyrick. 

WoUon. 
To ELOFGNATE*, e-i6e'-nate. ha. To remove. 

Howell. 
To ELOIGNER e-l6In'. v. a. [eloigner, Fr.] To put 

at a distance. Spenser. Ob. J. 
ELOFGNMENT*, e-lom'-menl. n.s. Remoteness; 

distance. Shertsume. 
To ELO'NG*, e-long'. v. a. To put or set far off*; to 

retard. G. Fletcher. 
To ELONGATE §, e-long'-gate. v. a. [elongo, Lat.] 
To lengthen; to draw out; to put further oft". Brown. 
To ELO'NGATE, e-l6ng'-gate. v. n. To go off to a 

distance from any thing. Brown. 
ELONGATION, el-ong-ga'-sh&n. 530, 533. n.s. 
The act of stretching or lengthening itself. Arfodh- 
not. The state of being stretched. Fotherby. [In 
medicine.] An imperfect luxation. Quincy. Dis- 
tance; space at which one thing is distant from 
another. Glanville. Departure ; removal. Bp. 
Hall. 
To ELOTE §, e-lope'. v. n. [hleapan, Sax.] To run 
away ; to break loose ; to escape from law or re- 
straint. Addison. 
ELOTEMENT, e-l6pe'-ment. n. s. Departure from 
just restraint; formerly used of a wife, now of a 
young lady who is to be clandestinely married. 
Aidifje. 
E'LOPS, eMSps. n.s. [e\oip.] A fish; also a serpent. 

Milton. 
ELOQUENCES, el'-6-kwense. n.s. [eloquentia, 
Lat.] The power of sneaking with fluency and ele- 
gance; oratory. Shatc. Elegant language uttered 
with fluency. Shakspeare. 
ELOQUENT, eT-6-kwent. a. Having the power of 

oratory. Isaiah-. 
ELOQUENTLY*, eK-6-kwent-le. ad. In elegant 
language, written or uttered with fluency. Mr T. 
Elyot. 
ELSE$, else, pronoun. [eWey, Sax.] Other; one 

besides.. SJiakspeare. 
ELSE, else. conj. Otherwise. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

Beside ; except that mentioned. Dryden. 
ELSEWHE'RE, else'-whare. 397. ad. [elle r -hj«ep, 
Sax.] In any other place. Abbot. In other places ; 
in some other place. Hooker. 
ELSIN*, el'-s?n. n.s. [aelsene., Teut.] A shoemaker's 

awl. Grose. 
To ELU'CIDATE^, e-liY-se-date. v. a. [elucido, 
Lat.] To explain; to clear; to make plain. Boyle. 
ELUCIDATION, e-Iu-se-da'-shSn. n. s. Explana- 
tion; exposition. Boyle. 



I ELUCIDATIVE*, e-Iu'-se-da-tlv. a. Throwing 

iight ; explanatory. 
ELU'CIDATOR, e-lu'-se-da-t5r. 521. n.s. Explain- 
er; expositor; commentator. Abbot. 
ELUCTATION*, e-lfik-ta'-shun. n.s. [eluclatus, 

Lat.] The act of bursting forth. Brown. Escape. 

Bp.Hall. 
To ELU'DE$, e-lude'. v.a. [eludo, Lat.] To escape 

by stratagem; to avoid by artifice. Swift. To 

mock by an unexpected escape. Pope. 
ELU'DIBLE, e-liV-de-bl. a. Possible to be defeated. 

Swift. 
I ELU'MBATED, e-lum'-ba-teU a. [elumbis, Lat.] 

Weakened in the loins. Diet. 
ELU'SlON^e-lu'-zhan.n.s. [elusio, Lat.] An escape 

from inquiry or examination; an artifice. Abv. 

Cranmer. 
ELJJ'SIVE, e-lu'-s?v. 158, 428. a. Practising elusion. 

dent. 
he stale 



Pope. Tending to deceive ; fallacious. Stuc 
ELU'SORINESS*. e-lu'-sfir-e-nes. n. s. Th 



Tending to 



of being elusory. Ash. 
ELU'SORY, e-liV-sfir-e. 429, 512. 

elude; tending to deceive. Brown. 
To ELL T/ TE, e-lute'. v. a. [eluo, Lat.] To wash off 

Arbuthnot. 
To ELUTRIATED, e-liV-tre-ate. 91. v.a. [elutrio, 

Lat.] To decant, or strain out. Arbuthnot. 
ELUTRIATION* e-lu-tre-a'-shfin. n.s. Straining 

off. [In metallurgy.] The separating the lighter 

matters from the ores of metals by water. Ctiaiu 

bers. 
ELVELOCKS, elv'-loks. n. s. Knots in the hair su- 

perstitiously supposed to be tangled by the fairies. 

Brown. 
ELVERS*, el'-vurz. n.s. Small eels; young con- 

fers, or sea-eels. Chambers. 
VES,elvz. The plural of elf. 

ELVISH, eF-vfsh. a. Relating to elves, or wander- 
ing spirits. Spenser. Reserved; coy; disdainful. 
Chaucer. 

ELY'SIAN, e-lfzh'-e-an. 542. a. Pertaining to Elysi- 
um ; deliciously soft and soothing; exceedingly de- 
lightful. Milton. 

ELPSIZ7i»/,e-l?zh'-e-am. n. s. [Lat.] The place as- 
signed by the heathens to happy souls; any place 
exquisitely pleasant. Shakspeare. 

'EM. A contraction of them. Hudibras. 
j To EMA'CERATE^e-mas'-er-ate. v.n. [emacero, 
Lat.] Our old word for emaciate. Bullokar. 

EMACERATION*, e-mas-er-a'-shun. n. s. Lean- 
ness or falling' away in flesh. Bullokar. 

To EMA'CIATE $, e-ma'-she-ate. 542.?;. a. [emacio, 
Lat.] To waste ; to deprive of flesh. Bacon. 

To EMA'CIATE, e-ma'-she-ate. v. n. To lose flesh; 
to pine; to grow lean. Brown. 

EMA'CIATE* e-ma'-she-ate. a. Sunk; wasted. . 
Shenstone. 

EMACIATION, ^-ma-she-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
making lean. The state of one grown lean. 
Grcrunt. 

To EMA'CULATE $*, e-mak'-u-late. v. a. [eummlo, 
Lat.] To make clean; to take out spots. Halts. 

EMACULATION, e-mak-u-la'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of freeing any thing from spots or foulness. Diet. 

E'MANANT, "eW-a-nant. a. Issuing from something 
else. Hale. 

To E'MANATE $, em'-a-nate. 91. v. n. [emano, Lat.] 
To issue or flow from something else. Hales. 

EMANATION, em-ma-na'-shfin. 530. n.s. The act 
of issuing or proceeding from any other substance. 
South. That which issues from another substance } 
an efflux ; effluvium. Bp. Taylor. 

E'MANATIVE, em'-an-a-uV. 91. a. Issuing from 
another. Vict. 

To EMANCIPATE $, e-man'-se-pate. v.a. [emanci- 
po, Lat.] To set free from servitude. Brown. 

EMANCIPATION, e-man-se-pa'-shun. n. s. The 
act of setting free ; deliverance from slavery. Glan- 
rille. 

EMA'NCIPATOR*, e-man'-se-pa-tfir. n. s. One who 
releases from any confinement. The Merits of the: 
Catholicks. 

330 



EMB 



EMB 



—no, move, nor, not j— t6be, tftb, bull 5 — 6fl ;— pAfliid ;— thm, r H is 



7\7EMA'RGINATE,e-mar'-je-nate. p. a. [emargino, 
Lat.] To take away the margin or edgeoi any 

thing. Cocksnrm. 

FbEMA'SCULATE$, e-mas'-kfi-Iate. i\«. fafaaf 

A). Eat.] To castrate ; to deprive of virility. (Iraunt. 

laminate; to vitiate bvunmanlv softness. Dri/d 

EA^SCULATE* e-mas'-ka-late. a. Unmanned ; 

effeminate ; vitiated. Hammond. 
EMASCULATION, e-mas-ku-kV-shcm. n.s. Cas- 
tration. Gauton. Effeminacy; womanish qualities. 
To EMB ALE, em-bale', v.a. [emballer, Fr.] To 
make up into a bundle. To bind up ; to enclose. 
Spenser. 
To EMBA'LM y , em-bam 7 . 403. v. a. [emhaumer, Fr.] 
To impregnate a body with aromaticks, that it 
may resist putrefactiou. Shak. To fill with sweet 
scent. Milton. 
{£5° The affinity between the long e and the short i, 
when immediately followed by the accent, has been ob- 
served under the word despatch. — But this affinity is 
no where more remarkable than in those words where 
the e is followed by m or n. This has induced Mr. 
Sheridan to spell embrace, endow, &c. imbrace, indow, 
&c. ; and this spelling may, perhaps, sufficiently con- 
vey the cursory or colloquial pronunciation; hut my 
observation greatly fails me if correct publick speaking 
does not preserve the e in its true sound, when followed 
by m or n. The difference is delicate, but. in my opin 



ion, real. W. 

EMBA'LMER,em-bam'-er. 403. n.s. One that prac- 
tises the art of embalming. Bacon. 

To EMBA'R, em-bar 7 , v.a. [from bar.] To shut; to 
enclose. Spenser. To stop; to hinder by prohibi- 
tion. Bacon. 

E3IBARCATION, em-bar-ka'-shun. n. s. The act 
of putting on shipboard. Clarendon. The act of 
going on shipboard. 

EMBA'RGOy.em-bar'-gi. 98. n.s. [embargar, Span.] 
A prohibition to pass ; a stop put to trade. Bacon. 

To EMBA'RGO*, em-bar'-go. v.a. To lay an em- 
bargo upon. Coles. 

To EMBA'RKy, em-bark', v.a. [embarquer, Fr.] To 
put on shipboard. Milton. To engage another in 
anv affair. Ld. Clarendon. 

To EMBA'RK, em-bark', v. n. To go on shipboard. 
A. Phillips. To engage in any affair. 

EMBARKATION* em-bar-k^'-shun. See Em- 

B.ARCATION. 

To EMBARRASS $, em-bar'-ras. v.a. [embarrasser, 
Fr.] To perplex ; to distress ; to entangle. Spec- 
tator. 

EMBA'RRASSMENT,em-bar'-ras-ment. n.s. Per- 
plexity; entanglement. Wafts. 

To EMBA'SEy, em-base', v.a. [from base.] To 
vitiate; to depauperate; to lower; to deprave; to 
impair. Bacon. To degrade; to vilify. Spenser. 

EMBASEMENT*,em-base'-ment. n.s. Deteriora- 
tion ; deprivation. South. 

EMBA'SSADE*, em-bas-sade'.??.s. [embassade, Fr.] 
An embassy. Spenser. Ob. T. 

EMBASSADORS, em-bas'-sa-dflr. 98. n.s. [embas- 
saileur, old Fr.] One sent on a publick message. 
Denhair*. 

EMBA'SSADRESS, em-bas'-sa-dres. n. s. A woman 
sent on a publick message. The wife of an embas- 
sador. Ld. Chesterfield. 

E'MBASSAGE. eW-bas-dtje. 90. > »?.. s. A publick 

EMBASSY, em'-bas-se. $ message. Shale. 

Any solemn message. Bp. Taylor. An errand, in 
an ironical sense. Sidney. 

To EMBATHE*. See To Imbathe. 

To EMBATTLED, em-bat'-ll. v.a. [from battle.] 
To range in order or array of battle. Shakspeare. 

To EMBATTLE, em-bat'-tl. v. n. To be ranged in 
battle array. Shakspeare. 

EMBATTLED*, em-bat'-tld. a. Indented like a 
battlement. Chaucer. 

To EMBA'Y, em-ba'. 98. v. a. [baigner, Fr.] To 
bathe; to wet; to wash. Spenser. Not used. 
[From bay.] To enclose in a bay; to landlock. 
Shakspeare. 

EMBEDDED*, em-bed'-ded. a. Sunk in another 
substance. Paley. 



To EMBELLISH y,em-bel'-lish. v.a. [cmbellir, Fr.] 

To adorn; to beautify. Spenser. 
EMBE LldSHM''NT,em-bel'-Hsh-ment.n.s. Orna- 
ment; adventitious beauty; decoration; adsciti- 
tioua grace. Addison. 
K'M BERING*, em'-b&r-ing. n. s. The ember days. 

Tusser. Oh. J. 
E'MBERS, em'-burz. n. s. Without a singular, 
[remypia, Sax.] Hot cinders; ashes not yet ex- 
tinguished. Bacon. 
E'MBERWEEK, em'-bftr-week. n. s. [ymbren or 
einbren.] A week in which an ember day falls. The 
ember days at the four seasons are the Wednesday, 
Friday, and Saturday, after the first Sunday in 
Lent, the feast of Pentecost, September 14, Decem- 
ber 13. Aylif/e. 
To EMBEZZLE y , em-bez'-zl. v. a. [baler, or em- 
besler, old Fr.] To appropriate by breach of trust. 
Hay ward. To waste; to swallow up in riot. 
Dry den. 
EMBE'ZZLE.MENT, em-beV-zl-ment. n. s. The act 
of appropriating to himself that which is receiv- 
ed in trust for another. The thing appropriated. 
EMBE'ZZLER*, em-bez'-zlur. n.s. One who ap- 
propriates to himself what is received in trust for 
another. 
To EMBl'BE*. See To Imbibe. 
To EMBLA'ZEy, em-blaze', v.a. [blasonner, Fr.] 
To adorn with glittering embellishments. Milton. 
To blazon; to paint with ensigns armorial. Shak. 
To EMBLA'ZON, em-bla'-zn. v. a. To adorn with 
figures of heraldry. To deck in glaring colours. 
Hakewill. 
EMBLA'ZONER*, em-bla'-zn-ftr. n.s. One who 
publishes in a pompous manner. Milton. A her- 
ald; a blazoner. 
EMBLA'ZONRY, em-bla'-zn-re. n. s. Pictures 

upon shields. Milton. 
E'MBLEMy, em'-blem. n.s. \erf\ W a.] Inlay; en- 
amel. Milton. An occult representation ; an allu- 
sive picture ; a typical designation. Shakspeare. 
To E'MBLEM, em'-blem. v. a. To represent in an 

occult or allusive manner. Feltlmm. 
EMBLEMATICAL, em-ble-mat'-e-kal. 509. ) n 
EMBLEMAT1CK, em-ble-mat'-fk. \ a ' 

Comprising an emblem ; allusive ; occultly repre- 
sentative. Prior. Deal'.ng in emblems; using 
emblems. Prior. 
EMBLEMATICALLY, em-ble-mat'-e-kal-le. ad. 

In the manner of emblems; allusively. Brown. 
EMBLE'MATIST, em-blem'-a-tfst, n.s. A writer 

or in venter of emblems. Brown. 
To EMBLE'iMATIZE*, em-blem'-a-tlze. v. a. To 

represent by an emblem. More. 
E'MBLEMENTSf, em'-ble-menfs. n.s. plur. [em- 
blarer, Fr.] Profits arising from land sown, or gen- 
erally from the ground. Cowel. 
E'MBLEMIZING* em'-ble-ml-zfng. n.s. A making 

of emblems. Cotgrave. 
To EMBO'DY*. ^See To Imbody. 
EMBO'GUING* em-bog'-fng. n.s. [embouchure, 
Fr.] The mouth of a river; the place where it 
empties itself into the sea. Florio. 
To EMBO'IL*. See To Imboil. 
To EMBO'LDEN*. See ToImbolden. 
E'MBOLISM, em'-bo-Hzm, n.s. [fy/SoA^dj.] Inter- 
calation; insertion of days or years to produce 
regularity and equation of time. Holder. The 
time inserted ; intercalary time. 
E'MBOLUS, em'-bo-lOs. n.s, [i>#>Aoy.] Anything 
inserted and acting in another, as, the sucker in a 
pump. Arbuthnot. 
To EMBO'RDER*, em-bor'-dur. v.a. [emborder, 
old Fr.] To adorn with a border. See To Imbor- 
der. 
To EMBO'SK*. See To Imbosk. 
2 T oEMBO'SS v , em-bos', v.a. [bosse, Fr.] To form 
with protuberances. Sluxk. To engrave with re- 
lief, or rising work. B. Jonson. To enclose ; to 
include; to cover, [emboister, Fr.] Spenser. To 
enclose in a thicket, [emboscare, ltal,] Milton. To 
hunt hard. Speriser. 

331 



EMB 



EMI 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



EMBOSSMENT, em-bos'-ment. n.s. Any thing 
standing out from the rest ; jut ; eminence. Bacon. 
Relief j rising work. Addison. 

To EMBOTTLE, em-bot'-tl. v.a. [bouteille, Fr.] 
To include in bottles; to bottle. 

To EMBOUND*. See To Imbound. 

ToEMBOW*, em-bo', v.a. To bend like a bow ; 
to arch ; to vault. Spenser. 

To EMBOWEL §, em-bou'-el. v.a. [from bowel.] 
To eviscerate; to deprive of the entrails. SliaJc. 
To burv within any other substance. Spenser. 

EMBO WELLER*, em-b6u'-el-lur. n.s. One who 
takes out entrails. Greenhill. 

To EMBOWER*, em-b6ur'. v.n. To lodge; to 
build; to bower. Spenser. 

To EMBO'X*. See To Imbox. 

To EMBRA'CE $, em-brase'. v. a. [embrasser, Fr.] 
To hold fondly in the arms; to squeeze in kindness. 
Dryden. To seize ardently or eagerly; to lay 
hold on ; to welcome. Cliaucer. To comprehend ; 
to take in : as, Natural philosophy embraces many 
sciences. To comprise; to enclose; to contain; 
to encircle. Denham. To admit; to receive. 
Shak. To find ; to take. SJiak. To squeeze in a 
hostile manner. To fasten; to fit close. Spenser. 

To EMBRA'CE, em-brase'. v. n. To join in an em- 
brace. Slmkspeare 



EMBRA'CE, e^m-brase'. n.s. Clasp; fond pressure 
A hostile squeeze ; 
crush. 



in the arms ; hug. Denham. 



EMBRA'CEMENT, em-brase'-ment. n. s. Clasp in 
the arms; hug; embrace. Sidney, Hostile hug; 
grapple. Sidney. Comprehension. Davies. State 
of being contained; enclosure. Bacon. Conjugal 
endearment. Sltalcspeare. Admission; reception. 
Weever. 

EMBRA'CER, em-bra'-s&r. n.s. The person em- 
bracing. Howell. 

EMBRACING*, em-bra'-smg. n.s. An embrace. 
Burton. 

To EMBRA'ID*, em-brade'. v. a. [from braid.] To 
censure in opprobrious terms. Sir 2\ Elyot. Ob. 

EMBRASURE, em-bra-zhure'. n. s. [Fr.] An aper- 
ture in the wail, through which the cannon is point- 
ed ; battlement. 
To EiMBRA'VE, em-brave', v. a. [from brave.] To 
decorate ; to embellish. Spenser. To inspire with 
fortitude. Beaumont. Ob. J. 
To E'lUBROCATE $, em'-bro-kate. v.a. [tv($bZ X u-] 
To rub any part diseased with medicinal liquors. 
Wiseman. 
EMBROCATION, ein-br6-ka'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of rubbing any part diseased with medicinal liquors 
or spirits. The lotion with which any diseased 
part is washed. Wiseman. 
ToEMBRO'IDER §,em-brSe'-dur. Via. [broder, Fr.] 
To border with ornaments; to decorate with figur- 
ed work. Wotton. 
EMBROIDERER, em-br6e'-dur-ur. n. s. One that 

adorns clothes with needlework. Ecclus. xlv. 
EMBRO IDERY, em-br6e'-dur-e. n. s. Figures 
raised upon a ground ; variegated needlework. 
Shale. Variegation; diversity of colours. Spectator. 
To EMBROILS em-broll'. y. a. [brouiller, Fr.] To 
disturb ; to confuse ; to distract. King Charles. 
To perplex ; to entangle. Addison. 
EMBROILMENT*, em-brofl'-ment. n. s. Confu- 
sion ; disturbance. Maundrell. 
To EMBRO'THEL, em-broTH'-el v. a. To en- 
close in a brothel. Donne. 
To EMBRO' WN*. See To Im brown. 
To EMBRU'E*. See To Imbrue. 
E'MBRYO §, em^bre-6. )n.s. [e^ovw.] The 
E'MBRYON§, em'-bre-on. \ offspring yet unfin- 
ished in the womb. Bacon. The state of any thing 
yet not fit for production ; yet unfinished. Swift. 
E'MBRYON*, em'-bre-on. a. Yet unfinished; not 

vet ready for production. W. Browne. 
To EMBU'RSE*. See To Imburse. 
To EMBU'SY*, em-bk'-ze. t>. a. To employ. Skel- 
tori. 



EME, erne. n. s. [eame, Sax.] Uncle. Ob. J. See 

Eame. 
EME'NAGOGUE. See Emmenagogues. 

To EME'ND§*, e-mend'. v.a. [ernendo, Lat.] To 

amend ; to correct. Mystery of Candlemas-day. 
EME'NDABLE, e-men'-da-bl.a. Capable of emen- 
dation; corrigible. 
EME'NDATELY^e-mend'-ate-le.a. Without fault ; 

correct. Taverner. 
EMENDA'TION, em-en-da'-shun. 530. n, s. Cor- 
rection; alteration of any thing from worse to bet- 
ter. Bp. Taylor. An alteration made in the text 
by verbal criticism. Bentley. 
EMEND A'TOR, em-en-da'-tur. 521. n. s. A cor- 
rector; an improver; an alterer for the better. Bp. 
Cosin. 
EME'NDATORY*, e-men'-da-t&r-e. a. [emendatus, 
Lat.] Contributing correction or emendation. Dr 
Warton. 
To EME'NDICATE*, e-men'-de-kate. v. a. [emen- 
dico, Lat.] To beg. Cockeram. See To Me» 
dicate. 
EMERALD, em'-e-rald. n. s. [emeraude, Fr.] A 

green precious stone. Hill. 
To EME'RGE §, e-merje'. v. n. [emergo, Lat.) To 
rise out of any thing in which it is covered. Boyle. 
To issue; to proceed. Newton. To rise; to mount 
from a state of depression or obscurity ; to rise into 
view. Dry den. 
EME'RGENCE, e-mer'-jense. )n. s. The act of 
EMERGENCY, e-mer'-jen-se. $ rising out of any 
fluid by which any thing is covered. Brown. The 
act of Vising into view. Boyle. Any sudden occa- 
sion, unexpected casualty. Granville. Pressing 
necessity ; exigence. A sense not proper. Ad- 
dison. 
EME'RGENT, e-mer'-jent. a. Rising out of that 
which overwhelms or obscures it. B. Jonson Ris- 
ing into view. B. Jonson. .Proceeding or issuing 
from any thing. B. Jonson. Sudden ; unexpected- 
ly casual. Bacon. 
EME'RITED*, e-mer'-lt-eU a. [emeritus, Lat.] Al- 
lowed to have done sufficient publick service. 
Evelyn. 
E'MERODS, em'-er-6ds. ) n. s. [from liemorrhoids, 
E'MEROIDS, em'-£r-6?dz. \ aiixop'poLfa.] Painful 
swellings of the hemorrhoidal veins; piles. 1 Sam. 
EME'RSION, e-meV-shun. n. s. [from emerge.] The 
act of rising out of any fluid. Knatchbull. The 
time when a star, having been obscured by its ap- 
proach to the sun, appears again. Brown. 
E'MERY, eW-eVe. n. s. [esmeril, Fr.] An iron ore, 

useful in cleaning and polishing steel. Hill. 
EME TICAL§. e-met'-e-kal. \ a. [fy cw .] Having the 
EME'TICK §, e-meV-lk. $ quality of provoking 

vomits. Hale. 
EME'TICALLY, e-met'-e-kal-e. ad. In such a man-' 

ner as to provoke to vomit. Boyle. 
EME'TICK*, e-meV-Ik. n. s. A medicine, provok- 
ing vomits. Dr. Warton. 
E'xMEU*, 
E'MEW^ 

kind. 

EMICA'TION, em-e-ka'-shun. 530. n.s. {emicatio, 
Lat.] Sparkling; flying oft'in small particles. Brcnon. 
EMI'CTION, e-m]k'-snun. n. s. [emictum, Lat.] 
Urine; what is voided by the urinary passages 
Harvey. 
E'MIGRANT*, em'-e-grant. n. s. One who emi- 
grates. Robertson. 
E'MIGRATE*, em'-e-grate. part. a. Wandering ; 

roving. Gayton. 
To E'MIGRATE §, em'-e-grate. v. n. [etnigro, Lat.] 

To remove from one place to another. Pownall. 
EMIGRATION,, em-e-gra'-shfin. 530. n. s. Change 

of habitation. Hale. 
E'MINENCE, em'-e-nense. > n.s. Loftiness; height. 
E'MINENCY, em'.-e-nen-se. $ Summit ; highest 
part. Ray.- A-part rising above the rest. Dryden. 
A place where one is exposed to general notice. 
Addison. Exaltation • conspicuousness ; reputa- 
tion; celebrity; fame: greatness, Shak. Supreme 



*> lb' i 1 $ n ' * ^ name of the cassiowary, 
r# ( £ e " mu - ^ a ] ar g e bird of the ostrich 



EMP 



EMP 



—116, mdve, n6r, licit ;— ti!ibe, tab, boll ; — 6H ;— pddnd ;— th'm, THis. 



degree. Milton. Notice ; distinction. Sliak. A 

tide given to cardinals. Milton. 
EMINENT^, em'-e-neiit. a. [eminens, Lat.] High ; 

loth-. Ezek. xvi. Dignified ; exalted. Drytfen. 

Conspicuous; remarkable. Addison. 
EMINENTLY, em-e-nent-le. ad. Conspicuously; 

in a manner that attracts observation. Milton. In 

a high degree. Dry den. 
E'MIIt*, eMnar. n.s. A title of dignity among the i 

Turks and Persians. Ricaid. 
E M1SSARY, em'-is-sar-re. n. s. [etnissarius, Lat.] 1 

One sent out on private messages ; a spy j a secret 

agent. Bacon. One that emits or sends out. Ar- 1 

bidluwt. 
E MISSARY*, env'-Is-sa-re. a. Looking about; pry- 
ing. B. Jonson. 
EMISSION, e-mlsh'-un. n.s. The act of sending i 

out; vent. Bacon. 
EMISSITIOUS*, em-is-sTsh'-Gs. a. Prying; nar- 
rowly examining. Bp. Hall. 
To EMIT §, e-mit'. r. a. [emilto, Lat.] To send I 

forth; to let go. Woodward. To let fly; to dart, j 

Prior. To issue out juridically. Ayliffe. 
EMME NAGOGUES. em-men'-a-gogs. n.s. [fypf r \ 

via. and a'yw.l Medicines that promote the courses I 

in women. Quincu. 
E MMET, em'-mh. 99. n. s. [aemefcte, Sax.] An 

ant ; a pismire. Sidney. 
To EMME'W, em-ma' ."v. a. [from mew.] To mew 

or coop up. Shakspeare. 
To EMMO'VE,em-m6dv'. r. a. [emmouvoir. Fr.] To 

excite ; to rouse. Spenser. Ob. J. 
EMOLLIENT §, e-mol'-yent. 113. a. [cmoUiens,' 

Lat.] Softening ; suppling. Arbuthnot. 
EMO LLIENTSre-mSl'-vents. n. s. Medicines which ' 

have the power of relaxing or softening the fibres ' 

when too rigid. They are all externals. Cyclop. \ 
EMO'LLIMENT*. e-mol'-le-ment. n. s. [enwllimm- j 

turn, Lat.] An assuaging. Cockeram. 
EMOLLITION, em-mdl-lish'-Qn. it. s. [_emollitio,\ 

Lat.] The act of softening. Bacon. 
EMOLUMENT §,« e-mol'-u-ment. n. s. Profit; ad-: 

vantage. South. 
EMOLUME NTAL*, e-mol-a-ment'-al. a. Useful;! 

vielding profit. Evelyn. 
ESIO^GST* e-m&ngst'. prep. Among. Spenser. 
EMOTION, e-mo'-shun. n. s. [emotion, Fr.] Disturb- j 

anceofmind; vehemence of passion. Dn/den. 
To EMPATR6*, em-pare', r. a. [empirer, Fr.] To j 

injure ; to diminish. Spenser. 
To EMP AIR*, em-pare', v. n. To become less ; to 

grow worse. Spenser. 
roEMPA'LE$, em-pile', v. a. [empaler, Fr.] To 

fence with a pale. Donne. To fortify. Raleigh. 

to enclose; to shut in. Spenser. To put to death 

by spitting on a stake fixed upright. Southern. 
EMPA'LEMENT*. em-pale'-ment. n. s. The punish- 
ment of empaling. [In heraldry.] A conjunction 

of coats of arms; pale-ways. Warton. [In botany .1 

The cup or outmost part of the flower of a plant \ 

Miller. 
EMPA'NNEL §, em-pan'-nel. n. s. [from po.nne, Fr.] 

The writing or entering the names of a jury into a 

schedule by the sheriff, which he has summoned to 

appear. Coivel. 
To EMPA'NNEL, em-pan'-nel. v. a. To summon to 

serve on a jury. Government of the Tongue. 
To EMPA'RADISE*. See To Imparadise. 
To EMPA'RK*, em-park', v. a. [emparclier, old Fr.] 

To enclose as with a fence' or pale ; to shut in. 

Bp. King. 
EMPARLANCE, em-par Manse, n. s. [parler, Fr.] 

[In common law.] A desire or petition in court 01 

a day to pause what is best to do. Coicel. Parley. 
Spenser. 
EMPA'SM, efn-pazm'. n. s. [tp-Kdoaui.] A powder 

to correcl the bad scent of the body. 
To EM PA'SSION§, em-pash'-qn. v. a. To move! 

with passion ; to affect strongly. Spenser. 
EMP A SSIONATE*, em-plsh'-fin-ale. a. Strongly 

affected. Spe-nser. 
To EMPA'ST* See To I.mpast. 



To EMPE'ACH*, em-peetsh'. v. a. [empescher, Fr,} 

To hinder; to oppose. Sir T. Elyot. 
EMPEl'RAL*. See Empirick. 
To EMPE'OPLE, em-pe'-pl. t>. a. To form into a 

people or community.^ Speiiser. 
E MlT.RESS,em'-per-es. n. s. [from emperour : now 

written empress."] A woman invested with imperial 

power. Davies. The wife of an emperour. Tit 

Andron. 
To E.MPERIL*, em-per'-rll. v. a. To endanger 

Spenser. 
EMPERISHED*, em-perMsht. pan. a. Decayed, 

Serished. Spenser. 
lPEROUR$, em'-per-flr. 166. n. s. [empereur, 
Fr.] A monarch of title and dignity superiour to a 
kimr. Shakspeare. 

E MPERY, em'-per-e. 503. n.s. [empere,Tr.] Em- 
pire ; sovereignty ; dominion. Sliakspeare. Ob. J 

E'MPHASIS $, em'-f a-sis. n.s. [efjapaci $.] A remarka- 
ble stress laid upon a word or sentence ; particular 
force impressed bv style or pronunciation. Shak. 

EMPHATIC AL.eiii-faV -1k-al. ;a.[i F 0a ( v W .] Forci 

EMPHATICK, em-f at'-ik. ] ble ; strong ; strik- 
ing. Bp. Reynolds. Striking the sight. Bot/le. 

EMPHATICALLY, em-fat'-e-kal-e.ac/. Strongly ; 
forcibly; in a striking manner. South. According 
to appearance. Brown. 

EMPHYSE'MA, em-fe-se'-ma. a. s. {l^v^jfia.] A 
light, puffy humour, easily yielding to the pressure 
ol the fing-er, arising again in the instant you take 
it off. Wiseman. 

EMPHYSEMATOUS, em-fe-sem'-a-tas. a. Bloat 
ed; puffed up ; swollen. Sharp. 

To EMPI'ERCE, em-perse'. 250. [See Pierce.] 
v. a. To pierce into ; to enter into by violent ap- 
pulse. Spenser. 

EMPI'GHT, em-plte'. preterit and part, from to 
pight, or pitch. Set ; fixed ; fastened. Spenser. 

E'MPIRE§, em'-pire. 140. n. s. [empipe, Sax.] Im- 
perial power; supreme dominion. Rowe. The 
region over which dominion is extended. Temple. 
Command over any thing. 

{J^p I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan in 
the pronunciation of the last syllable of this word, as I 
think the long sound of i is more agreeable to the ear, 
as well as to the best usage, though I confess not so 
analogical as the short i. Dr. Kenrick, Scott, W. John- 
ston, and Perry, pronounce the i long, as I have donc- 
Sce Umpire. W. 

EMPI'RICK$, em'-pe-rlk, or em-pir'-ik. n.s. [ip 
TTupiKos.] One of a sect of the ancient physicians, 
who formed for themselves rules and methods on 
their own practice and experience, and not on ac- 
knowledge of natural causes, or the study of good 
authors. Hakewill. A trier; an experimenter; a 
quack ; such persons as have no true knowledge 
of physical practice, but venture upon observation 
only. "Hooker. 

$£p Dr. Johnson tells U3, the first accentuation is adapter! 
by Dryden, and the last by Milton ; and this he prefers 
There is, indeed, a strong analogy for the last, as the 
word ends in ick, 509 ; but this analogy is sometimes 
violated in favour of the substantives, as in lunatic!;, 
heretic!:, &c. ; and that this is the case in the word in 
question, may be gathered from the majority of votes i<i 
its favour ; for, though Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr 
^ares, and W. Johnston, are for the latter; Dr. Ken- 
rick, Dr. Ash. Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Entick, 
Bailey, and Barclay, are for the former. This woro! 
classes, too, with those that almost always adopt the an- 
tepenultimate accent, 503 ; but the adjective has mora 
properly the accent on tne second syllable. W. 

EMPPRICAL, em-p?r'-e-kal. ) a. Versed in experi- 

EMPPRICR, em-pl^-Hc. S ments. Milton 
Known only by experience. Shakspeare. 

EMPIRICALLY, em-pir'-e-kal-le. ad. Experimen- 
tally ; according to experience. Brown. Without 
rational ground ; charlatanically. 

EMPIRICISM, em-pir^-sizm. n. s. Dependence on 
experience without knowledge or art; quackery. 
Warton. 

EMPLA'STER^, em-plas'-t&r. n. s. [fyjrXacrpov.] 
An application to a sore of an oleaginous or vis- 
cous .substance, spread upon cloth. Wis 
■' -\ 333 



EMP 



EMU 



\TT 559.— Fkte, far, fall, fat ;— me, m8t y-plne, pin ; 



To EMPLA'STER, Sm-plas'-tur. v. a. To cover 

with a plaster; figuratively, to hide. Chaucer. 
EMPLA^STICK, em-plas^-tik. «. Viscous ; glutin- 
ous. Wiseman. 
To EMPLEA'D, em-plede'. v. a. [emplaider, old Fr.] 
To indict; to prefer a charge against; to accuse. 
Hayward. 
ToEMPLO'Y^^m-ploe'. v. a. [emploier, Fr.] To 
busy ; to keep at work ; to exercise. Dryden. To 
use as an instrument. Gay. To use as means. 
2 Mace. iv. To use as materials. Locke. To com- 
mission ; to intrust with the management of any 
■affairs. Ezra, x. To fill up with business. Mot- 
teux. To pass or spend in business. Prior. 
EMPLOY, £m-plSe'. n. s. Business; object of indus- 
try. Guardian. Publick office. Addison. 
EMPLOYABLE, em-p]6e'4-bl. a. Capable to be 

usedj proper for use. Boyle. 
EMPLOYER, em-pl6e'-ur. n. s. One that uses or 
causes to be used. Child. One that sets others to 
work, Shakspeare. 
EMPLOYMENT, em-pl6e'-ment. n. s. Business; 
object of industry; object of labour. Guardian. 
Business; the state of being employed. Ezek, xxxix. 
Office; post of business. Atterbunj. Business in- 
trusted. Shakspeare. 
To EMPLU'NGE* em-plunje'. v. a. [from plunge.] 

To force suddenly. Daniel. 
To EMPOISON $, em-pde'-zn. v. a. [empoisonner, 
Fr.] To destroy by poison ; to destroy by venomous 
food or drugs. Sidney. To taint with poison; to 
envenom. Harmar. 
EMPO'ISONER, em-p6e'-zn-fir. n. s. One who de- 
stroys another by poison. Bacon. 
EMPO'ISONING* em-poe'-zn-lng. n. s. Empoison- 

ment. Bacon. 
EMPO^SONMENT, em-p6e'-zn-ment. n. s. The 

practice of destroying bv poison. Bacon. 
EMPO'RETICK, em-po-reV-lk. a. [^op^/co?.] 
That which is used at markets, or in merchandise. 
EMPO'RIUM, §m-p6'-re-am.n.s. [^irdptov] A place 
of merchandise; a mart; a commercial city. 
Burton. 
!ToEMPO'VERISH$, em- P 6v'-gr-?sh. v. a. \j>au- 
vre, Fr.] To make poor ; to depauperate ; to re- 
duce to indigence. Sidney. To lessen fertility. 
£CT This word, before Dr. Johnson's dictionary was pub- 
lished, was always written impoverish ; nor, since he has 
reformed the orthography, do we find any considerable 
difference in the sound of the first syllabte, except in 
solemn speaking; in this case we must undoubtedly 
preserve the e in its true sound. — See Embalm. W. 

EMPO'VERISHER, em-p6v'-er-lsh-ur. n.s. One 
that makes others poor. That which impairs fer- 
tility. Mortimer. 

EMPO'VERISHMENT, em-p&v'-e>-?sh-ment. n. s. 
Depauperation ; cause of poverty. Spenser. 

To EMPO'WER, em- P 6iV-ur. v. a., To authorize ; 
to commission ; to give power. Dryden. To give 
natural force ; to enable. Baker. 

E'MPRESS, em'-prtk n. s. [contracted from em- 
peress.]^ The wile of an emperour. B. Jonson. A 
female invested with imperial dignity. Miltoji. 

EMPRI'SE, em-prlze'. n.s. [emprise, Fr.] Attempt 
of danger ; undertaking of hazard ; enterprise. 
Spenser. 

To EMPRI'SON*. See To Imprison. 

EMPTIER, em'-te-ur. n. s. One that empties. Na- 
hum, ii. 

E'MPTINESS, enV-te-ne's. n. s. Absence of pleni- 
tude ; inanity. Phillips. The state of being emp- 
ty. Shak. A void space; vacuity; vacuum. 
Beviky. Want of substance or solidity. Drijden. 
Unsatisfactoriness ; inability to fill up the desires. 
Dryden. Vacuity of head ; want of knowledge. 
Pope. 

E'MPTION, em'-sh&n. n. s. [emptio, Lat.] The act 
of purchasing; a purchase. ArbuLhnot. 

E'MPTY§, em'-te. 412. a. [emfcitf, Sax.] Void; 
having nothing in it; not full. Shak. Evacuated; 
no longer full. Spenser. Devoid; unfurnished. 
Newton. Unsatisfactory ; unable to fill the mind 



or desires. Pope. Without any thing to carry ; 
unburthened; unfreighted. Exod. iii. Hungry. 
Shak. Vacant of head ; ignorant; unskilful. Ra- 
leigh. Unfruitful; barren. Genesis. Wanting sub- 
stance ; vain. Drijden. 
To E'MPTY, em'-te. v. a. To evacuate ; to exhaust. 

Shakspeare. 
To E'MPTY*, em'-te. v. n. To become empty. B. 

Jonson. 
To EMPU'RPLE, em-pur'-pl. v. a. To make of a 

purple colour. Milton. 
EMPU'SE*, em-puse'. n. s. [t^ovca.] A phantom ; 

a spectre. Bp. Taylor. 
To EMPU'ZZLE, em-pfiz'-zl. v. a. To perplex ; to 

put to a stand. Brown. 
EMPYE'MA, em-pl-e'-ma. 92. n. s. [l^wa.] A 
collection of purulent matter in any part whatso- 
ever ; generally used to signify that in the cavity 
of the breast only. Quincy. 
§£r I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the sound of the 
y in the second syllable of this word, merely from the 
disagreeable effect it has on the ear, to pronounce two 
vowels of exactly the same sound in immediate succes- 
sion. This sameness is, in some measure, avoided by 
giving y the long diphthongal sourd of i ; and the same 
reason has induced me to the same notation in the word 
empyrean. If good usage is against me, I submit. W 
EMPY'REAL, em-p?r'-e-al. a. [^zvpos.] Formed 
of the element of fire; refined beyond aerial. 
Milton. 
EMPYRE'AN, gm-pj-re'-an, or em-plr'-e-an. [See 
Empyema.] n.s. The highest heaven, where the 
pure element of fire is supposed to subsist. Milton. 
3CT This word has the accent on the penultimate syllable 
in Sheridan, Kenrick, Barclay, Nares, and Bailey; and 
on the antepenultimate in Ash, Buchanan, Perry, and 
Entick : and this last accentuation is, in my opinion, 
the most correct ; for, as the penultimate is short, there 
is the same reason for placing the accent on the ante- 
penultimate as in cerulean ; though poets, with their 
usual license, generally accent tlv penultimate. — See 
European. W. 

EMPYRE'AN*, em-pl-re'-an. or e'm-pfr'-e-an. a. 
Empyreal. Akenside. 

E'MPVREUM, em-plr'-re-um. )n. s. [^™ W a.] 

EMPYRE'UMA^em-pe-ru'-ma. y The burning ot 
any matter in boiling or distillation. Harvey. 

EMPYREUMA'TICAL, em-pe-ru-mal'-e-kal. a. 
Having the smell or taste of burnt substances. 
Boyle. 

EMPYREUMA'TICK*, em-pe-ru-mat'-lk. a. Hav- 
ing the taste or smell of burnt substances. Johnson. 

EMPY'RICAL*, em-pfr'-e-kal. a. Containing the 
combustible principle of coal. Kirwan. 

EMPYRO'SIS, em-pe-r6'-s?s. 520. n. s. [^zvpSw.] 
Conflagration ; general fire. Hale. 

ToE'MULATES, em'-u-iate. v. a. [cemulor, Lat.]. 
To rival ; to propose as one to be equalled or ex- 
celled. To imitate with hope of equality, or supe- 
riour excellence. B. Jonson. To be equal to ; to 
rise to equality with. Shak. To imitate; to copy. 
Arbuthnot. 

E'MULATE*, em'-u-lale. a. Ambitious. Shakspeare. 

EMULATION, em-u-la'-sh&n. n. s. Rivalry ; de 
sire of superiority. Shak. Envy ; desire of depress 
ing another; contest; contention. Galat.v. 

E'MULATIVE, em'-u-la-tiv. a. Inclined to emu 
lation ; rivalling ; disposed to competition. T. 
Warton. 

E'MULATOR, em'-u-Ia-tfir. 166, 521. n. s. A rival; 
a competitor. Bacon. 

E'MULATRESS*, em'-u-ia-trSs. n. s. She who is 
desirous to equal or excel. Shelion. 

7'oE'MULE. v. a. To emulate. Spenser. Ob. J 

roEMU'LGE^e-mdlje'. v. a. [emulgeo, Lat.] To 
milk out. 

EMU'LGENT, e-mul'-jent. a. Milking or draining 
out. — Emulgent vessels, [in anatomy ,] are the two 
large arteries and veins which arise, the former 
from the descending trunK of the aorta, the latter 
from the vena cava. Harris. 
E'MULOUS, em'-u-lfis. 314. a. Rivalling; engaged 
in competition. B. Jonson. Desirous of superior!- 
1 334 



ENC 



ENC 



-no, mdve, n6r, not ;— lube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



tv ; desirous to rise above another ; desirous of any 
excellence possessed by another. Milton. Fac- 
tious; contentious. Shakspeare. 
E MULOUSLY, em -ii-lus-le. ad. With desire of ex- 
celling or outgoing' another. Granrille. 
EMLLSION. e-muP-shun. n.s. [enud&c, Lat.] A 
Ibrm of medicine, by bruising oily seeds and ker- 
nels, and drawing out their substances with some 
liquor, that thereby becomes milky. Qiiincu. 
EMI" NCTORIES/ e-munk'-tur-iz. 557,99. n.s, 
[emunctorium, Lat.] Those parts of the body where 
any thing excrementiti»us is separated and col- 
lected. Qltl7ICll. 
EMl'SCA 'TION*. e-mus-ki -shun. n. s. [emuscor, 

Lat.] The act of clearing from moss. Evelyn. 
EN. A" inseparable particle borrowed by us from 
the French, and by the French formed from the 
Latin in. Many words are uncertainly written 
with en or in. In many words en is changed into 
em for more easy pronunciation. 
EN*. The plural number, in our old language, of 
the yerb ; as, I escape, they escape?i : and of the sub- 
stantive ; as, children, oxen. 
To ENABLE, en-a'-bl. 405. v. a. To make able ; 

to empower. Spenser. 
ENABLEMENT*, en-a'-bl -ment. n.s. Ability; the 

act of enabling. Bacon. 
To ENA'CTy, en-akt / . v. a. To act; to perform. 
Spenser. To establish by law ; to decree. SJiak. 
To represent by action. Shakspeare. 
#y* The same observations hold good in words beginning 
with en as in those with em. — See Embalm and En- 
comium. W. 
ENA'CTT, en-akt'. n. s. Purpose; determination. 
EN A CTOR, en-ak'-tftr. 16G. n.s. One that forms de- 
crees, or establishes laws. Atterbury. One who| 
practises or performs any thing. Shakspeare. 
ENA'CTURE*. en-ak'-lshure. n.s. Purpose; de- 
termination. Shakspeare. 
ENALLAGE, en-al'-la-je. n.s. [imWayf,.] A fig- ' 
ure in grammar, whereby some change is made of j 
the common modes of speech, as when one mood 
or lense of a verb is put lor another. KnatcJibull. 
To ENA MBUSH, en-am'-bush. v. a. To hide in 
ambush ; to hide with hostile intention. Cliapnian. 
ToEN T A'MEL$. en-am'-el. 99. v. a. [from amel] 
To inlay ; to variegate with colours, properly with 
colours fixed by fire. Donne. To lay upon another 
lx>dv so as to vary it. Milton. 
To ENA MEL, en-am'-el. r. n. To practise the use | 

of enamel. 
ENA MEL. en-am'-el. n. s. Any thing enamelled 
or variegated with colours fixed by fire. Fairfax 
The substance inlaid in other things. 
ENA'MELLER, en-am'-el-liir. n. s. One that prac- 
tises the art of enamelling:. Huloet 



The art of 



ENA MELLING*. en-am f -el-ling 

applying enamels on metals. Sir W. Petty. 
To EN.A MOUR §, en-am'-Or. 314. v.a. [enamourer, 

Fr.] To inflame with love ; to make fond. Shak. 
ENAMORA'DO* en-am-o-ra'-d6. n.s. One deeply 

in love. Sir T. Herbert. 
ENA RMED*, en-armd'. a. [enarme, Fr,] A term 

of heraldry, signifying that the horns, hoofs, &c. 

of anv beast or bird of prey, being their arms or 

weapons, are of a different colour from that of the 

bodv. Chancer. 
ENARRA'TION, en-nar-ra'-shun. n. s. [enarro, 

Lat.] Explanation; exposition. Hakewill. 
ENARTHRCKSIS, en-ar-Z/ir^-sis. 520. n.s. [h and 

aodoov.] The insertion of one bone into another to 

form a joint. Wiseman. 
ENATA ; TION, e-na-ta'-shun. n.s. [enato, Lat.] 

The act of swimming out; escape by swimming. 

Diet. 
ENA'TE*, e-nate'. a. [enatus, Lat.] Growing out. 

Smith. 
ENA'UNTER, e-nawn'-tflr. ad. [probably from 

anent.] Lest that. Spenser. [An old word.] 
To ENA VIGATE* e-nav'-e-gate. v. a. [enavigo, 

Lai.l To sail over. Cockeram. 
ENCiE'NIA*. See Encenia. 



To ENCA'GE, en-kaje'. v. a. [encager, Fr.] To 
shut up as in a cage; to coop upj to confine. 
Shakspeare. 

To ENCA'MP$, en-kamp'. v.n. To pitch tents; to 

sit down for a time in a march. Exod. xiii. 
To ENCAMP, en-kamp'. v. a To Ibrm an army 
into a regular camp ; to order to encamp. 1 Kings, 
xvi. 
ENCAMPING*, en-kamp'-?ng. n. s. The place 

where terns are pitched. 2 Kings, vi. 
ENCA'MPMENT, en-kamp'-ment. n.s. The act of 
encamping, or pitching tents. A camp; tents pitch- 
ed in order. Grew. 
To ENCA'NKER* Sn-kangk'-ur. v. a. To corrode ; 

to corrupt. Shelton. 
To ENCA SE*, en-kase'. v. a. To enclose or hide 

as in a case or cover. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
ENCA'USTICE**, en-kaws'-tls. n. s. [Jy™.,™-^.] 
The art of enamelling or painting by fire. Bailey. 
ENCA 'USTICK* en-kaws'-tik. a. Belonging to the 
art of painting with burnt wax; sometimes applied 
to enamelling. — Encauslick painting was practised 
bv the ancients, and lately revived. Chambers. 
To ENCA YE, en-kave'. r. a. [encaver, old Fr.] To 

hide as in a cave. Shakspeare. 
ENCEINTE, en-saju'. n. s. [Fr.] Enclosure j 
ground enclosed with a fortification. With child : 
a law term. Blackstone. 
ENCE ATA*, en-se'-ne-a. n.s. plur. [tyKaivta.] Fes- 
tivals anciently kept on the days on which cities 
were built, or churches consecrated ; and, in later 
times, ceremonies renewed at certain periods, as at 
Oxford, at the celebrations of founders and bene- 
factors. OMisworth. 
ToENCHA'FE, en-tshafe'. v.a. [eschauffer, Fr.] 

To enrage; to irritate ; to provoke. Shakspeare. 
To ENCHAIN, en-tshane'. r. a. [enchainer, Fr.l To 
fasten with a chain; to hold in chains; to bind; to 
hold in bondage. Dryden. To link together; to 
concatenate. Howell. 
To ENCHANTS, en-tshant'. 79. t;. a. [enchanter, 
Fr.] To give efficacy to any thing by songs of sor 
eery. Shak. To subdue by charms or spells. Sidney, 
To delight in a high degree. Shakspeare. 
ENCHA'NTER,en-tshan'-tur. 98. n.s. A magician , 

a sorcerer. Decay of Piety. 
ENCHA NTLNGLy; Gn-tshan'-ting-Ie. ad. With 

the force of enchantment. Shakspeare. 

ENCHA NTMENT, en-tshant'-ment. n.s. Magical 

charms; spells; incantation. Knolles. Irresistible 

influence ; overpowering delight. Pope. 

EXCHA'NTRESS, en-tsban'-tres. *.* A sorceress ; 

a woman versed in magical arts. Toiler. A wo- 

I man whose beauty or excellencies give irresistible 

influence. Dryden. 
! To ENCHA' RGE*. en-tsharje'. v.a. To intrust with j 
to ?ive in charge to. Bp. Hall. 
ToENCHA'SE, fin-tshase'. v.a. [enchasser, Fr.] 
To infix ; to enclose in any other body so as to be 
held fast, but not concealed. Hales. To adorn by 
being fixed upon it. Shak. To adorn by raised or 
embossed work. B. Jonson. To engrave. Spenser 
To paint strongly. Spenser. 
ENCHE'ASON, en-tshe'-zn. n. 

Cause; occasion. Spenser. 
ENCHIRIDION*, en-ke-rld'-e-6n. n. s. [enchi- 
ridium, Lat.] A little book, which one may carry 
in his hand ; a manual. Hakewill, 
ENCPNDERED* en-sfn'-derd. a. Burnt to cinders. 

Cockeram. 
To ENCPRCLE, en-seV-kl. v. a. [encerckr, old Fr.] 
To surround; to environ; to enclose in a ring. 

! ENCI'RCLET, en-serk'-let. n.s. A circle; a rhi£. 
Sidney. 

ENCLI'TICAL f. en-khY-e-kal. ) a. Relating to en- 

ENCLFTICK*, en-kflt'-lk. j cliticks. 

ENCLI'TICK$, en-klit'-Ik. n.s. (ly^m^.] A par- 
ticle which throws back the accent upon the fore- 
going syllable. Harris. 

To ENCLO'ISTER*, en-kldis'-tur. v. a. [enclostrer 
Fr.] To shut up as in a cloister. Mede. 
335 



[enchaison, old Fr.] 



ENC 



ENC 



IT 559.—Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;—plne, p?n ; 



Tb ENCLO'SE §, en-kloze 7 . v. a. [enclos, Fr.] To 
part from things or grounds common by a fence 
liayward. To environ ; to encircle ; to surround ; 
to encompass ; to include. Ex. xxviii. To hold by 
an exclusive claim. 

ENCLO'SER. en-kld'-zfir. n. s. One that encloses 
or separates common fields in several distinct prop- 
erties. Herbert. Any thing in which another is 
enclosed. 

ENCLOSURE, en-kW-xhure. n.s. The act of en- 
closing or environing any thing. Wilkins. The 
separation of common grounds into distinct pos- 
sessions. Bacon. The appropriation of things 
common. Bp. Taylor. State of being shut up in 
any place. Burnet. The space enclosed. Spenser. 
Several ; ground enclosed ; ground separated from 
the common. South. 

To ENCO'ACH*, gn-k6tsh'. v. a. To carry in a 
coach. Davies. 

To ENCO'FFIN*, en-kof-fin. v. a. To enclose in a 
coffin. Weever. 

To ENCO'MBER*. See To Encumber. 

ENCO'MBERMENT*, en-kum'-bor-ment. n. s. [en- 
combrement, Fr.] Disturbance ; molestation. Spers. 

ENCO'MIAST, en-k^-me-ast. n.s. [iv^a^.] 
A panegyrist; a proclaimer of praise; a praiser. 

ENCOMLVSTICAL, en-ko-me-as'-te-kal. ) 

ENCOMIA'STICK, en-k6-me-as'-tlk. $ a ' 
Panegyrical ; laudatory ; containing praise ; be- 
stowing praise. Dean Kins. 

ENCOMIA'STICK*, gn-k6-m£-as'-tlk. n. s. The 
panegyrick itself. B. Jonson. 

ENCO'MION*, en-ko'-me-on. n. s. Panegyrick. 
Fotherby. 

ENCO'MIUM §;, en-ko'-me-um. n. s. [fywS/uw.] 
Panegyrick ; praise ; eulogy. Gov. of the Tongue. 

J)^/= Though, in cursory speaking, we frequently hear 
the e confounded with the short i in the first syllables 
of encamp, enchant, &c, without any great offence to 
the ear, yot such an interchange in encomium, encomi- 
ast, &.C., is not only a departure from propriety, but 
from politeness ; and it is not a little surprising that 
Mr. Sheridan should have adopted it. The truth is, 
preserving the e pure in all words of this form, whether 
in rapid or deliberate speaking, is a correctness well 
worthy of attention. W. 

To ENCOOTASS, en-kum'-pas. v. a. To enclose; 
to encircle. Shah. To shut in; to surround; to 
environ. Sliakspeare. To go round any place. 

ENCO'MPASSMENT, en-kom / -pas-ment.rc. s. Cir- 
cumlocution ; remote tendency of talk. Shakspeare. 

ENCO'RE, 6ng-k6re'. ad. [Fr.J Again; once more. 
Pope. 

§5= This word is perfectly French, and, as usual, we 
have adopted it with the original pronunciation. In 
other words which we have received from the French, 
where the nasal vowel has occurred, we have substi- 
tuted an awkward pronunciation in imitation of it, 
which has at once shown our fondness for foreign modes 
of speaking, and our incapacity of acquiring them : 
thus caisson has been turned into cassoon, ballon into 
balloon, dragon into dragoon, and Chamont (a charac- 
ter in the Orphan) into Shamooh ; but in the word be- 
fore us, this nasal sound is followed by c hard, which 
after w. always involves hard g, 408 ; and this is pre- 
cisely an English sound. An Englishman, therefore, 
does not find the difficulty in pronouncing the nasal 
sound in this word, which he would in another that 
does not admit of the succeeding hard c or g ; as en- 
tendement, attentif, &c. : for if, in pronouncing the en 
in these words, the tongue should once touch the roof 
of the mouth, the French nasal sound would be ruined. 
No wonder, then, that a mere English speaker should 
pronounce this French word so well, and the rest of the 
nasal vowels so ill. It does not arise from the habit 
they contract at theatres, (where it would be the most 
barbarous and ill-bred pronunciation in the world to 
call for the repetition of an English song in plain Eng- 
lish.) It does not, I say, arise from custom, but from 
coincidence. The sound, in the word before us, is com- 
mon to both nations ; and, though the French may give 
it a somewhat lighter sound than the English, they are 
both radically the same. Adopting this word, however, 
in the theatre, does the English no manner of credit. 
Every language ought to be sufficient for all its pur- 



poses. A foreigner who understood our language, but 
who had never been present at our dramatick perfor 
mances, would suppose we had no equivalents in Eng- 
lish, should he hear us cry out encore, bravo, and bra- 
vissimo, when we only wish to have a song repeated, 
or to applaud the agility of a dancer. W. 

To ENCO'RE*, 6ng-k6re'. v. a. To call on a singer 
or speaker for the repetition of a song or speech, 
Whiteliead. 

ENCO'UNTER y ,en-k6un'-tu.r.313. n.s. [enconlre, 
Fr.] Duel ; single fight ; conflict. Shale. Battle , 
fight in which enemies rush against each other. 
Milton. Eager and warm conversation, either of 
love or anger. Shak. Accidental congress ; sud 
den meeting. Pope. Unexpected address. Shale 
Casual incident ; occasion. Pope. 

To ENCO'UNTER, en-k6un'-lur. v. a. To meet 
face to face ; to front. Shak. To meet in a hostile 
manner; to rush against in conflict. Knolles. To 
meet with reciprocal kindness. Shak. To attack ; 
to meet in the front. Shak. To oppose; to op- 
pugn. Acts, xvii. To meet by accident. Shale. 

To ENCO'UNTER, en-kSun'-tur. v. n. To rush to- 
gether in a hostile manner ; to conflict. Shak. To 
engage ; to fight. Knolles. To meet face to face. 
To come together by chance. 

ENCOOJNTERER, en-kdvW-v&r-ur. n.s. Oppo- 
nent; antagonist; enemy. More. One that loves 
to accost others. Shakspeare. 

To ENCOURAGES, en-kur'-rldje. 90. v. a. [cn- 
courager, Fr.] To animate; to incite- to- any thing. 
Psalm, Ixiv. To give courage to; to support the 
spirits ; to imbolden. Bacon. To raise confidence; 
To make confident. Locke. 

ENCO'URAGEMENT^n-kiV-rldje-ment. n. s. In- 
citement to any action or practice. Increase of 
confidence. Phillips. Favour; countenance; sup- 
port. Otway. 

ENCOURAGER, en-kur'-rldje-ur. 314. n. s. One 
that supplies incitements to any thing ; a favourer. 
Burton. 

ENCOURAGINGLY*, en-kur'-ridje-lng-le. ad. In 
a manner that gives encouragement. 

To ENCRA'DLE*, en-kra'-dl. v. a. To lay in a cra- 
dle. Spenser. 

To ENCRE'ASE*. See To Increase. 

ENCRFMSONED*, en-krfm'-znd. a. Having a 
crimson colour. Shakspeare. 

ENCR1SPED*, en-krls'-ped. a. Curling; formed 
in curls. Skellon. 

To ENCRO'ACHy, en-kr6tsh / . 295. v. a. [accrocher, 
from croc, Fr. a hook.] To make invasions upon 
the right of another ; to put a hook into another 
man's possessions to draw them away. Spenser. 
To advance gradually and by stealth upon that to 
which one has rfo right. Herbert. 

To ENCRO'ACH, en-krdtsh'. v. n. To creep on 
gradually without right. Hooker. To pass bounds. 
Milton. 

ENCRO'ACH*, en-kritsh'. n. s. Gradual advance ; 
advance by stealth. South. 

ENCRO'ACHER, en-kr6tsh'-ur. n. s. One who 
seizes the possession of another by gradual and si- 
lent means. Dr. Spenser. One who makes slow 
and gradual advances beyond his rights. Rich- 
ardson. 

ENCRO'ACHINGLY*, en-krdtsh'-ing-le. ad. By 
way of encroachment. Bailey. 

ENCROACHMENT, en-kr6lsh'-ment. n. s. An un- 
lawful gathering in upon another man. Cowel. 
Advance into the territories or rights of another. 

To ENCRU'ST*, en-kr&st'.v.a. [encroustei; old Fr.] 
To cover as with a crust. 

ToENCU'MBERy, en-kum'-b&r. v. a. [encombrei; 
Fr.] To clog; to load; to impede. Hooker. To 
entangle; to embarrass. Dryden. To load with 
debts. 

ENCUMBRANCE, en-kfim'-branse. n.s. Clog, 
load ; impediment. Temple. Excrescence ; use- 
less addition. Thomson. Burthen upon an estate. 
Ayliffe. 
^ M 336 



mm 



END 



END 



— n6, m6ve, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pound ;— th'm, this- 



ENCY'CLICAL, en-sik'-le-kal. 535. a. [fy*i./cX<*ds.l 
Circular ; sent round through a large region. Stit- 
lias fleet. 
ENCY'CLOPEDE*. en-sl'-klo-pede. n. s. The 

round of learning. Mannyngham. 
ENCYCLOPE'DIA§, en-sl-kl6-pe'-de-a. ) [See Cy- 
ENCYCLOPEDY §, en-sl-klo-pe'-de. \ clope- 
dia.] n.s. [iyKvtc\oi:aiStia.] The circle of sci- 
ences ; the round of learning. Broicn. 
ENCYCLOPE'DIAN*, en-sl-kl6-pe'-de-an. a. Era- 

bracing the whole round of learning. Burton. 
ENCYCLOPEDIST*, en-sl-kl6-pe y -dist. n. s. One 
who assists in compiling books which illustrate the | 
whole round of learning. Hutton. 
ENCY'STED, en-sis'-ted. a. [itferfc.] Enclosed in a 

vesicle or bag. Sharp. 
END §. end. n. s. [enb, Sax.] The extremity of the 
length of any thing materially extended. 1 Sam. 
xiv. Extremity or last part in general. Locke. The 
last particle of any assignable duration. Judges, 
xix. The conclusion or cessation of any action. 
Gen. xlix. Ultimate state ; final doom. Psalm 
xxxvii. The point beyond which no progression 
can be made. Psalm cyii. Final determination; 
conclusion of debate or deliberation. Shak. Death; 
fate ; decease. Wotton. Cessation ; period. St. 
Matth. xxiv. Limit; termination. Nalwm, ii. Abo- 
lition; total loss. Locke. Cause of death; destroy- 
er. Shak. Consequence; conclusive event. Slmk. 
Fragment; broken piece. Shak. Purpose; inten- 
tion. Clarendon. Thing intended ; nnal design. 
Hooker. — An end. Upright; erect: as, His hair 
stands an end. Genesis, xxviii. 
To END, end. v. a. [aenbian, Sax.] To terminate ; 
to conclude ; to finish. Ruth, ii. To destroy ; to 
put to death. Shakspeare. 
To END. end. «. n. To come to an end ; to be fin- 
ished. Dryden. To die. To terminate ; to con- 
clude. Bp. Taylor. To cease ; to fail. Locke. To 
conclude action or discourse. Milton. 
END-ALL*, end'-all. n. s. Complete termination. 

Shakspeare. 
To ENDA'MAGE§, en-dam'-Idje. 99. v. a. [en- 
dommager, Fr.] To mischief; to prejudice; to 
harm. Spenser. 
ENDA'MAGEABLE* en-dam'-idje-a-bl. a. Hurt- 
ful. 
ENDAMAGEMENT, eu-dam'-ldje-ment. n. s. 

Damage ; loss. Huloet. 
END A WAGING*, en-damMdje-lr.g. n.s. Injury; 

damage. Milton. 
T'lENDA'NGERMn-dan'-jur. v. a. To put into 
hazard ; to bring into peril. Eccles. x. To incur the 
danger of; to hazard. Bojcon. 
ENDA'NGERMENT*, en-dan'-jur-ment. n. s. 

Hazard ; peril. Spenser. 
To ENDE'AR §, en-deer'. 227. jj. a. [from dear.] 
To make dear ; to make beloved. Bp. Taylor. To 
raise the price of a thing. K. James I.'s Proclam. 
concerning Buildings. 
ENDEARMENT, en-deer'-ment. n.s. The cause of 
love ; means by which any thing is endeared. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. The state of being en- 
deared ; the state of being loved. South. 
ENDEA'VOUR§, en-deV-fir. 234.. n.s. [devoir, 
French ; endecoir.] Labour directed to some cer- 
tain end. Locke. 
To ENDEA'VOUR, en-deV-ur. v. n. To labour to a 

certain purpose. Addison. 
To ENDEA'VOUR, en-dev'-ur. v.a. To attempt ; to 

essay. Milton. 
ENDEA'VOURER, gn-deV-ftr-flr. n.s. One who 

labours to a certain end. Rymer. 
ENDE'CAGON, Sn-dek'-a-g&n. n. s. [ivSeKayov.] A 

plain figure of eleven sides and angles. 
ENDE'MIAL, en-de'-me-al. ") a. [hhpios.] Pecu- 
ENDE'MIC AL. gn-dgm'-e-kal. V liar to a country ; 
ENDEMICK, en-deW-ik. ) used of any dis- 
ease proceeding from some cause peculiar to the 
count rv where it reigns. Haireu. 
To ENDE'NIZE, en-den'-Iz. 159. v. a. [from deni 
zen."\ To make free ; to enfranchise. Camden. 
43 



To ENDENIZEN*, en-deV-c-zn. 103, 234. i» 

To make free ; to naturalize. B. Jonson. 
E'NDER*, end'-ur. a. *. A finisher. Wicliffe. 
E'NDING*, end'-?ng. n.s. Conclusion ; consequence. 
2 Esdr. ix. Termination of life. Shak. Cessation 
of any action. Fairfax. End of words as employ- 
ed for rhymes. Shakspeare. 
TVENDl'CT*, ) , .... S »• n - [wditer, Fr.] To 
ToENDITES, S en " aue • I charge any man by 
a written accusation before a court of justice : as, 
He was indicted for felony. To draw up ; to com- 
pose ; to write. Gay. 
To ENDI'TE, en-dlte'. v. n. To compose. Waller. 
ENDI'CTMENT, ) , ,,. , ,. ( n. s. A bill or 
ENDFTEMENT, \ en-dlte'-ment. { declaration 
made in form of law, for the benefit of the common- 
wealth ; or an accusation for some offence. Ccnrel. 
ENDFTER*, en-di'-tftr. n.s. An accuser. Huloet. 

A composer ; a writer. Gower. 
E'NDIVE, en'-dlv. n. s. [endive, Fr ] A plant. Mor- 
timer. 
E'NDLESS, end'-les. a. Having no end ; being 
Avithout conclusion or termination. Pope. Infinite 
in longitudinal extent. Tillotson. Infinite in dura- 
tion ; perpetual. Hooker. Incessant; continual. 
Shakspeare^ 
E'NDLESSLY, end'-les-le. ad. Incessantly ; perpet- 
ually. Decay of Piety. Without termination of 
length. 
E'NDLESSNESS, end'-l&s-nes. n.s. Extension with- 
out limit. Sir E. Sandys. Perpetuity ; endless 
duration. The quality cf being round without an 
end. Donne. 
E'NDLONG, end'-l&ng. a. Length-ways. Chaucer. 

In a straight line. Dryden. 
E'NDMOST, end'-m6sl. a. Remotest ; furthest ; at 

the farther end. Diet. 
To ENDO'CTRINE*, en-d6k'-trln. v. a. To in- 

struet ; to teach. Donne. 
To ENDORSE §, en-d6rse'. v.a. [endorsser. old 
Fr.l To register on the back of a writing ; to super- 
scribe. Bacon. To write on the back of a bill of 
exchange. To cover on the back. B. Jonson.. 
ENDORSEMENT, en-dSrse'-ment. n.s. Super 
scription ; writing on the back. Toiler. Ratifica- 
tion. Herbert. 
ENDORSER*, en-dSr'-sfir. n. s. The proprietor of 
a bill of exchange, who, transferring it to some 
other, writes his name on the back of it. 
To ENDO'SS*, en-dos'. v. a. [endosser, Fr.] To en- 
grave; to carve. Spenser. 
ToENDO'WS, en-ddfl'. 313. v.a. [indotare, hat] 
To enrich with a portion. Exodus, xxii. To sup- 
ply with any external goods. Addison. To enrich 
with any excellence. Milton. To be the fortune of 
any one. Shakspeare. 
ENDO'WER*,en-ddu'-5r. n.s. One who enriches 

with a portion. Slierwood. 
ENDOWMENT, en-dou'-ment. n. s. Wealth be- 
stowed to any person or use. The bestowing or 
assuring a dower. Cowel. Appropriation of rev 
enue. Dryden. Gifts of nature. Addison. 
To ENDRU'DGE*. en-drudje'. v. a. To make a 

slave or drudge of. Bp. Hall. 
To ENDU'E, en-du'. v. a. [indtw, Lai] To supply 
with mental excellencies. Common Prayer. To 
invest with other powers and advantages than 
those of the mind. Spenser. 
ENDURABLE*, en-du'-ra-bl. a. Tolerable ; suf- 

ferable. Cotgrave. 
ENDURANCE, en-du'-ranse. n.s. Continuance; 
lastingness. Spenser. Patience ; sufferance. Mil- 
ton. State of suffering. South. Delay; procrasti- 
nation. Shakspeare. 
I To ENDURES, en-dire', v.a. Wndurer, Fr.] To 
bear ; to sustain ; to support. Bacon. To bear 
with patience. Milton. To undergo, to sustain, 
Dryden. To continue in. Brown. 
To ENDURE, gn-dure'. v. n. To last; to remain 
to continue. St. John, vi. To brook • to bear to 
admit. Esth. viii. 
ENDURER, en-diV-rur. 98. n. s. One that can bear 
337 



ENF 



ENG 



0* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, p?n;— 



or endure ; sustainer; sufferer. Spense?: Continuer; 
1 aster. 

ENDWISE, end'-wlze. ad. Erectly; uprightly; on 
end. Ray. 

To ENECATE, eV-e-kate. v. a. [eneco, Lat.] To 
kill ; to destroy. Harvea. 

ENEMY, eV-e-me. n. s". [ennemi, Fr.] A publick 
foe. Davies. A private opponent ; an antagonist. 
St. Matt. v. Any one who regards another with 
malevolence; not a friend. Shafc. One that dis- 
likes. Locke. [In theology.] The fiend ; the devil. 
Common Prayer. 

ENERGETICAL*, en-er-j&'-lk-al. a. Forcible ; 
strong. Cockeram. Operative ; active. Gregory. 

ENERGETICALLY*, en-er-jeY-ik-al-le. ad. In an 
operative manner. Potter. 

ENERGETICK, en-er-jeV-ik. 530. a. Forcible; 
active ; vigorous. Harvey. Operative ; active ; 



working. Ore 
ENERGICK* en-eV-jfk. a. 



Powerful in effect, 



Collins 
To ENERGIZE*, en'-er-jlze. v. a. To give energy; 

to excite action. Harris. 
ENERG1ZER*, en'-er-jl-zur. n.s. That which oc- 
casions or causes. 
ENERGY §, en'-er-je. 503. n.s. [evjpyeia.] Power 
not exerted in action. Bacon. Force; vigour; 

efficacy. Dryden. Faculty; operation. Ray. 

Strength of expression ; force of signification ; 

spirit ; life. Roscommon. 
To ENERVATE §, e-neV-vate. 91. v. a. [enervo, Lat.] 

To weaken; to deprive of force. Bacon. 
ENERVATE*, e-neV-vate. a. Weakened ; depriv- 
ed of lorce. Pope. 
ENERVATION, en-gr-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The act 

of weakening ; emasculation. The state of being 

weakened ; effeminacy. Bacon. 
To ENERVE, e-neVv'. r. a. To weaken y to break 

the force of; to crush. Digby. 
To ENFA'MISH, en-famMsh. v. a. To starve; to 

famish ; to kill with hunger. Diet. 
To ENFE'EBLE, en-fe'-bl. 405. v. a. To weaken ; 

to enervate. Shakspeare. 
ENFERONED* en-fel'-und. a. [enfelonnir, Fr.] 

Full of fierceness ; inclined to cruelty. Spenser. 
To ENFE'OFF$, en-feef. 256. [en-feef, Nares, 

Slieridan, and Jones ; en-lef, Perry. See Feoff.] 

i\ a. [feoffamentum, low Lat.] To invest with any 

dignities or possessions : a law term. Hale. To 

give up entirely ; to surrender. Shakspeare. 
ENFF/OFFMENT. en-feef'-ment. n. s. The act of 

enfeoffing. The instrument or deed by which one 

is invested with possessions. 
To ENFETTER, en-feV-tur. v. a. To bind in fet- 
ters ; to enchain. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To ENFE'VER*, en-fe'-vfir. v. a. [enfievrer, Fr.] 

To produce fever. Seward. 
To ENFIERCE*, en-feerse'. v. a. [enfeiir, Fr.] To 

make fierce. Spenser. 
ENFILADE, en-fe-lade'. n.s. [Fr.] A straight 

passage; any thing through which a right line 

may be drawn. Swinburne. 
To ENFILA'DE, en-fe-lade'. v. a. To pierce in a| 

right line. Expedition to Carthao-ena. 
To ENFIRE, en-fire', v. a. To fire ; to set on fire ; 

to kindle. Spenser. 
To ENFORD*. See To Infold. 
To ENFORCES, en-forse'. «• «• [enforcir, Fr.] To 

give strength to ; to strengthen. To make or gain 

by force. Spenser. To put in act by violence. 

Sliak. To instigate ; to provoke ; to urge on. 

Spenser. To urge with energy. Clarendon. To 

compel ; to constrain. Davies. To press with a 

charge. Shakspeare. 
To ENFORCE, gn-forse'. v. n. To attempt by force. 

Wkliffe. To prove ; to evince ; to show beyond 

contradiction. Hooker. 
ENFORCE, en-forse'. n.s. Power; strength. Mil- 
ton. Ob. J. 
ENFORCEABLE* en-fV-se-bl. a. Having power 

to compel or constrain. 
ENFORCEDLY, eWor'-se'd-le. 364. ad. By vio- 



lence; not voluntarily ; not spontaneously; not by 
choice. Shakspeare. 

ENFORCEMENT, en-forse'-ment. n. s. An act of 
violence ; compulsion ; force offered. Sliak. Sanc- 
tion ; that which gives force to a law. Locke. Mo- 
tive of conviction ; urgent evidence. Hammond. 
Pressing exigence. Shakspeare. 

ENFORCER, en-fc-r'-sur. 98. n.s. Compeller; one 
who effects by violence. Beaumont end Fletcher. 

To ENFORMMn-fSrm'.r.a. To fashion ; to direct 

ENFO'ULDRED^n-fole'-durd. a. [fo?ddroyer,Fr.] 

Mixed with lightning. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ENFRANCHISES, en-fran'-tshfc. 159. v. a. 
[from franchise.] To admit to the privileges of a 
freeman. Davies. To set free from slavery. Ba- 
con. To free or release from custody. Shakspeare. 
To denizen ; to endenizen. Watts. 
ENFRANCHISEMENT, en-fran'-tsh?z-ment. n. s. 
Investiture of the privileges of a denizen. Cmcel. 
Release from prison or from slavery. Shakspeare. 
ENFRANCHISER* en-fran'-tshiz-ur. n.s. One 

who gives freedom. Sherwood. 
To ENFRO'WARD*, en-fr6'-ward. v. a. To make 

perverse or ungovernable. Sir E. Sandys. 
ENFRO'ZEN^n-fri'-zn. 103. part, [from frozen.] 

Congealed with cold. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ENGA'GE§, Sn-gaje 7 ! v.a. [engager, Fr.] To 
make liable for a debt to a creditor. Shak. To 
impawn ; to stake. Hudibras. To enlist ; to bring 
into a party. Tillotson. To embark in an affair. 
Sidney. To unite ; to attach ; to make adherent. 
Addison. To induce ; to win by pleasing means ; 
to gain. Waller. To bind by any appointment or 
contract. Atterbury. To seize bv the attention. 
To employ ; to hold in business. Dryden. To en- 
counter ; to fight. Clarendon. 
To ENGA'GE, en-gaje-'. v. n. To conflict; to fight. 
Clarendon. To embark in any business ; to enlist 
in any party. Dryden. 
ENGA'GEDLY*, en-ga'-jed-le. ad. In a way be- 
speaking attachment to a party. Whitlock. 
ENGAGEMENT, en-gaje'-ment. n.s. The act of 
engaging, impawning, or making liable to a debt. 
Obligation by contract. Atterbury. Adherence to 
a party or cause; partiality. Swift. Employment 
of the attention. Rogers. Fight ; conflict ; battle. 
Dryden. Obligation; motive. Hammond. 
ENGA'GER*, en-ga/-jur. n. s. One who signs a 

particular engagement. Ellis. 
ENGA'GINGLY* en-ga'-jing-le. ad. In a winning 

or obliging manner. 
To ENGA'OL, gn-jale'. v. a. [enjaioler, old Fr.] To 

imprison ; to confine. Shakspeare. 
To ENGARLANT* en-gal'-lant. v. a. To make a 

gallant of. B. Jonson. 
ToENGARBOIL*, en-gar'-boll. v.a. [from gar- 
boil.] To disorder ; to disturb. Mountagu. 
To ENGARLAND*, en-gar'-land. v.a. [enguir- 

lander, Fr.] To encircle with a garland. Sidney. 
To ENGARRISON, en-gar'-re-sn. 170. v. a. To 

protect by a garrison. Bp. Hall. 
ENGA'STRIMUTH*, en-gas'-tr^-mu^. n. s. [iv. 

yaarrjo, and /u'0o?.] A ventriloquist. 
To ENGENDER §, en-jeV-dur. 98. v. a. [engendrer, 
Fr.] To beget between different sexes. Sidney. To 
produce; to form. ShaA. To excite ; to cause; to 
produce. Shak. To bring forth. Prior. 
To ENGENDER, en-jen'-dur. v. n. To be caused 

to be produced. Dryden. 
ENGENDERER*, "en-jen'-d&r-ur. n.s. One who 

begets. Davies. 
To ENGIRD*, en-glld'. v. a. To brighten ; to illu- 
minate. Shakspeare. 
ENGINE $, eV-jfn. n. s. [engin, Fr.] Any mechan- 
ical complication, in which various movements and 
parts concur to one effect. Adams. A military 
machine. Fairfax. An instrument of torture; the 
Tack. Shak. Any instrument. Raleigh. Any in- 
strument to throw water upon burning houses. 
Dryden. Any means used to bring to pass, or 
to effect Duppa. An agent for another. Dankl. 
338 



ENG 



ENL 



— n6, m<We, ndr, ndt ; — ti\be, tftb, bflll 3 — 6?1 ; — pSfind 5— tlun, this. 



55- Pronouncing this word as if written ingine, though 
very common, is very improper, and savours strongly of 
vulgarity. W. 

ENGINE'ER, gn-j^-nWr 7 . n.s. An officer in an 
army or fortified place, whose business is to con- 
trive and inspect attacks, defences, works. There 
are corps of them in the English army. One who 
manages engines. Addison. — Civil engineer. One 
who constructs canals, docks, harbours, &c. Smea- 
ton. A maker of engines. Bu/lokar. 
E'NGINERY, eV-jin-re. re. s. The act of managing 
artillery. Milton. Engines of war : artillery. Mil- 
ton. Any device or contrivance. Shemtone. 
To ENGIRD $, gn-gerd'. 382. v. a. part, engirt. 
[from srird.] To encircle ; to surround. Shakspeare. 
To ENGFRT*, eVgert'. v. a. To encircle ; to sur- 
round. Shakspeare. 
To ENGLA'D* Sn-glad'. v. a. To make glad. 

Skelton. 
ENGLA'IMED*, Sn-glamd'. a. Furred ; clammy. 

Lib. Fest. Ob. T. 
ENGLAND $, ingMand. n.s. [Gn^la-lanb, Sax.] 

The southern division of Great Britain. Speed. 
E'NGLE f, eng'-gl. 405. n. s. A gull ; a put 5 a bub- 
ble. 
E NGLISH, hig'-gllsh. 101. a. [entire, Sax.] Be 

longing to England. Addison. 
ENGLISH*, frig'-gllsh. n. s. The people of England 
Camden. The language of England. Shakspeare. 
To E'NGLISH, mg'-glfsh. v. a. To translate into 

English. Bacon. 

ENGLISHRY*, fng'-gllsh-re. n. s. The state or 

privilege of being an Englishman. Cowel. An old 

law expression. 

To ENGLIFT, £n-ghV. v. a. [enghutir, Fr.l To 

swallow up. Shak. To fill. Spenser. To glut 3 to 

pamper. Ascham. 

To ENGO'RE, en-gore', v. a. [from gore.] To 

pierce ; to prick. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ENGORGES, eWorje'. v. a. [engorger, old 
Fr.] To swallow ; to devour j to gorge. Spenser. 
To ENGO'RGE, gn-gSrje'. v. n. To feed with ea- 
gerness and voracity. Beaumont. 
To ENGRA'FF^en-graf. v. a. [from graff.] To 

fix deeplv ; to attach. Shakspeare. 
ENGRA FFMENT*, gn-graP-ment. n. s. Root; that 

which is engrafted. Ellis. 
ENGRA'FTED*, en-grafted, part. a. Planted. 

James, i. 
To ENGRATL^n-grale'.u.a. [grele,Fr.] To indent 

in curve lines. Cliapman. 
To ENGRAIN, gn-grane'. v. a. To die deep ; to die 

in grain. Spenser. 
To ENGRA'PPLE, gn-grap'-pl. 405. v.n. [from 
grapple.] To close with ; to contend with hold on 
each other. Daniel. 
To ENGRA'SP, en-grasp / . v. a. To seize 3 to hold 

fast in the hand. Spenser. 
To ENGRA'VES, en-grave', v. a. pret. engraved ; 
part. pass, engraved or engraven, [engraver, Fr.] 
To picture by incisions in any matter. Spenser. 
To mark wood or stone. Exod. xxviii. To im- 
press deeply; to imprint. Locke, [From grave.] 
To bury ; to inhume ; to inter. Spenser. 
ENGRA'VEMENT*, gn-grave'-mgnt. n. s. The 

work of an engraver. Barrow. 
ENGRA'VER, e'n-gra / -vur. n. s. A cutter in stone or 

other matter. Exod. xxxv. 
ENGRA'VERY*, gn-gra'-ve-re. n. s. The work of 

an engraver. Sir T. Brown. 
ENGRA'VING* gn-gra'-vmg. n. s. The work of an 
engraver 3 the picture or mark engraved. Exod. 
xxviii. The art of engraving. 
To ENGRIE'VE, gn-greeve'. v. a. [firom grieve.] To 

pain ; to vex. Spenser. 
To ENGROSS §, en-gr6se'. 162. [See Gross.] v. a. 
[grossir, Fr.] To thicken 3 to make thick. Spen- 
ser. To increase in bulk. Wotton. _ To fatten; 
to plump up. Shakspeare. To seize in the gross; 
to seize the whole of any thing. South. To pur- 
chase any commodity for the sake of selling it at a 
high price. To copy in a large hand. Shakspeare. 



ENGROSSER, e'n-gros'-sfir. 98. n. s. He that pur 
chases large quantities of any commodity, in ordei 
to sell it at a high price. Locke. 
ENGROSSING*, fri-g^s'-sfng. n.s. The buying up 
of any commodity in the gross, or forestalling the 
market. [In law.] The copying of any written in- 
strument. 
ENGROSSMENT, <m-gr6s'-ment. n. s. Appropria- 
tion of things in the gross; exorbitant acquisition. 
Shak. Copy of a written instrument. Ld. Claren- 
don. 
To ENGUA'RD, fri-gard'. 92, 332. v. a. To protect , 

to defend. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To ENGU'LF* foi-gulf. v. a. To cast into a gulf. 

Hayward. 
To ENHA'NCE &, en-hanse'. 79. v. a. [enhausser, Fr.] 
To lift up ; to raise on high. Spenser: To raise ; 
to advance ; to heighten in price. Locke. To raise 
in esteem. Atterbury. To aggravate. Hammond. 
ENHANCEMENT, en-hanse'-ment. n.s. Increase; 
augmentation of value. Bacon. Aggravation ; in- 
crease of ill. Government, of the Tongue. 
ENHA'NCER*, e^i-han'-sur. re. s. One who raises the 

price of a thing. Bp. Hall. 
To ENHA'RBOUR*, gn-har'-bur. v. a. To dwell in ; 

to inhabit. W. Browne. 
To ENHA'RDEN* en-har'-dn. v. a. [enhardir, Fr.] 

To encourage. Howell. 
ENHARMO'NICK*, £n-har-m6n'-lk. a. A term ap- 
plied to the last of the three divisions of musick by 
the ancients; and applied also to the manner of so 
disposing the voice in singing, as to render the 
melodv more affecting. Warton. 
ENI'GMA§, e-n?g'-ma. 92. re. s. [divi Yf ia.] A riddle; 
an obscure question; a position expressed in re- 
mote and ambiguous terms. Dryden. 
ENIGMATICAL .gn-^-maV-e-kal. 530. a. Obscure ; 
ambiguously or darkly expressed. Shak. Cloudy; 
obscurely conceived or apprehended. Hammond. 
ENIGMATICALLY, Cn-fg-mat'-e-kal-le. ad. In a 
sense different from that which the word3 in theii 
familiar acceptation imply. Broome. 
ENIGMA'TICK*, eVfg-mat'-fk. a. Obscure; am 

biguously described. Beaumont. 
ENIGMATIST, e-n?g^-ma-t?st. n.s. One who deals 
in obscure and ambiguous matters; a maker of 
riddles. Addison. 
To ENFGMATIZE*, e-nfg'-ma-tlze. v.n. To deal 
in enigmas. 



To ENJO'INMn-jam^g.^.a. \enjoindre, Fr.] To 

direct; to order; to prescribe. Bacon. 
ENJOTNER, en-joln'-ur. n. s. One who gives in 

junctions. Diet. 
ENJO / INMENT ; en-j6m / -m£nt. re. s. Direction ; com 

mand. Brown. 
To ENJOYS, en-j6£'. 329. v. a. [enjouir, Fr.] To 
feel or perceive with pleasure. Addison. To ob- 
tain possession or fruition of. Hooker. To please ; 
to gladden ; to exhilarate; to delight. More. 
To ENJO% gn-joe'. v. n. To Jive in happiness. 

Milton,. 
ENJOYABLE* en-jSe'-a-bl. a. Capable of enjoy- 
ment. Pope. 
ENJOYER, £n-joe'-ur. 98. n. s. One that has fruition 

or possession. South. 
ENJOYMENT, enjoe'-ment. n.s. Pleasure; hap- 
piness; fruition. Tillotson. 
To ENKFNDLE, £n-km'-dl. 405. v. a. [from kindle.] 
To set on fire ; to inflame. Shak. To rouse pas- 
sions. Shak. To incite to any act or hope. Shak. 
To ENLA'RD*, en-lard', v. a. [enlarder, Fr.] To 

grease ; to baste. Shakspeare. 
To ENL A'RGE, gn-larje'. v. a. [enlargir, Fr.] To 
make greater in quantity or appearance. Pope. To 
increase any thing in magnitude; to extend. 
Locke. To increase by representation : to magni- 
fy. To dilate; to expand. 2 Cor. vi. 'To set free 
from limitation. Shak. To extend to more pur- 
poses or uses. Hooker. To amplify; to aggran- 
dize. Locke. To release from confinement. Shak. 
To diffuse in eloquence. Clarendon. 
To ENLA'RGE, en-larje'. v. n. To expatiate 5 to 
339 



ENO 



ENR 



\W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: 



speak in many words. Clarendon. To be further 
extended. Raleigh. 

ENL ARGEDLY*, en-lar'-jed-le. ad. In an enlarged 
manner. Mountagu. 

ENLARGEMENT, en-larje'-ment. n. s. Increase ; 
augmentation ; farther extension. Hayward. Re- 
lease from confinement or servitude. Sliak. Mag- 
nifying representation. Pope. Expatiating speech ; 
copious discourse. Clarendon. 

ENLA'RGER, en-lar'-jur. 98. n.s. Amplifier; one 
that increases or dilates any thing. Brown. 

ENLARGING*, en-lar'-jlng. n.s. Enlargement. 
Ezek. xli. 

To ENLI'GHT, en-llte'. v. a. To illuminate; to sup- 
ply with light. Pojie. 

To ENLFGHTEN &, en-U'-tn. 103. v. a. [enhhfcan, 
Sax.] To illuminate; to supply with light. Psalms. 
To quicken in the faculty of vision. 1 Sam. To 
instruct ; to furnish with increase of knowledge. 
Spectator. To cheer to exhilarate; to gladden. 
To illuminate with divine knowledge. Hebreios, vi. 

ENLFGHTENER, en-ll'-tn-fir. n. s. Illuminator ; 
one that gives light. Milton. Instmcter. Warb. 

To ENLFNK, en-link', v. a. [from link.] To chain 

to; to connect. Shakspeare. 
To ENLFST*, Sn-list'. v. a. To enrol or register. 
To ENLI'VE §*, en-live', v. a. [from life, live.) To ani- 
mate; to make alive. Bp. Hall. 
To ENLFVEN, en-U'-vn. 103. v.a. To make quick; 
to make alive; to animate. Shenstone. To make 
'igorous or active. Prior. To make sprightly 

u in ar 



ap- 



Bullokar. Exceeding in bulk the common meas 
ures. Pope. 

ENORMOUSLY, e-nor'-mus-le. ad Beyond meas 
ure. Woodward. 

ENORMOUSNESS, e-nor'-mus-nes. n. s. Immeas 
urable excess. Decay of Piety. 

ENO'UGH §, e-nuf. 314, 391. a. feenoh, Sax.] In a 
sufficient measure ; so as may satisfy. Locke. 

ENOUGH, e-nuf. n. s. Something sufficient in 
greatness or excellence. Temple. Something equal 
to a man's powers or faculties. Bacon. 

ENOUGHS, e-nuf. ad. In a sufficient degree; in a 
degree that gives satisfaction. It notes a slight 
augmentation of the positive degree : as, I am 
ready enough to quarrel. Bacon. Sometimes it de- 
notes diminution ; as, The song is well enough. An 
exclamation noting fulness or satiety. Shakspeare. 
To ENOUNCE*, e-n6unse'. v. a. [enuncio, Lat.j To 
declare. Bally. 

ENO'W, e-ndu'. 322. The plural of enough. 
sufficient number. 



or vivacious. To make gay or cheerfu 
pearance. 
ENLFVENER, 2n-ll'-vn-ur. n.s. That which ani- 
mates ; that which invigorates. Dryden. 
ENLFVENING*, en-li'-vn-Sng. n.s. That which 

makes cheerful. Feltham. 
To ENLU'MINE, en-liV-min. 140. v. a. [enluminer, 
Fr.] To illumine ; to illuminate. Spenser. Oh. J. 
To ENMARBLE, en-mar'-bl. 405. v. a. To turn to 

marble; to harden. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ENMESH, gn-mesh'. v. a. [from mesh] To net; 

to entangle. Shakspeare. 
To ENME'W. See To Emmew. 
E'NMITY, en'-me-te. n. s. [from enemy.} Unfriendly 
disposition ; malevolence ; aversion. Locke. Con- 
trariety of interests or inclinations; mutual malig- 
nity. Sliak. Slate of opposition. Jam. iv. Malice; 
mischievous attempts. Snakspeare. 
To ENMO'VE. . See To Emmove. 
ENNE'AGON, en-ne'-a-gon. n. s. \lwta and yiovia.] 

A figure of nine angles. 
ENNEA'TICAL, en-ne-af-e-kal. a. [hvta.] Enne- 
aiical days are every ninth day of a sickness ; and 
enneatical years, every ninth year of one's life. 
To ENNE'W*, en-rnV. v.a. To make new. Skelton.. 
To ENNOBLE §, en-n&'-bl. 405. v.a. [ennoblir, Fr.] 
To raise from commonalty to nobility. Sliak. To 
dignify; to aggrandize; to exalt ; to raise. Soutli. 
To elevate ; to magnify. Waller. To make famous 
or illustrious. Bacon. 
ENNOBLEMENT, en-n6'-bl-ment. n. s. The act 
of raising to the rank of nobility. Bacon. Exalta- 
tion ; elevation ; dignity. Glanville. 
ENNUI*, on-wee', n.s. [Fr.] Wearisomeness ; fas- 
tidiousness ; disgust. Gray. 
ENODATION, en-6-da'-shun. 530. n.s. [enodaiio. 
Lat.] The act of untying a knot ; solution of a 
difficulty. Diet. 
To ENOTJE §*, e-n6de'. v. a. [enodo, Lat.] To de- 
clare. Cockeram. Not used. 
ENORM §*, e-nSrm'. a. [enormis, Lat.] Irregular; 
deviating from rule. More. Deviating from right ; 
wicked. Sir C. Cornwallis. 
ENO'RMITY, e-n6r'-me-te. n.s. Deviation from 
rule ; irregularity. Cockeram. Deviation from 
right ; depravity ; corruption. Spenser. Atrocious 
crime; flagitious villany. Swift. 
ENORMOUS, e-nor'-mus. 314. a. Irregular ; out of 
rule. Milton. Excursive beyond the limits of a 
regular figure. Newton. Disordered ; confused 
SlwJc. Wicked beyond the common measure 



In a 



j£5" This word is growing obsolete, but is not quite so 
much out of date as the word mo, signifying a greater 
number. We still hear some speakers talk of having 
ink enough and pens enow ; but the greater part seem 
now to use enough, both for quantity and number ; as 
more has been so used for some centuries. W. 

EN PASSANT*, 6ng-pas'-s&ng'. ad. [Fr.] By the 

way. 
To ENPIE'RCE*, en-peerse'. v.a. See To Em- 
pierce. 
To ENQUI'CKEN*, en-kwlk'-kn. v. a. [from quick 

en.] To make alive. More. 
To ENQUFRE*, en-kwlre'. [enquirer, Fr.] This 
word, with all its dependants, is more usually writ 
ten with in. But perhaps it ought to be written 
with en. See To inquire. 
Tb ENR ACE*, en-rase/, v.a. [enraciner, Fr.] To 

implant ; to enroot. Spenser. Ob. T. 
To ENRAGE, en-raje'. v.a. [enrager, Fr.] To irri- 
tate ; to make furious. Hayward. 
To ENRANGE,en-ranje'. v. a. To place regularly ; 
to put into order. Spenser. To rove over. Spenser. 
To ENR ANK, en-rangk'. v. a. To place in orderly 

ranks. Shakspeare. 
To ENRA'PT, en-rapt 7 , v.a. pret.par ( t. enrapt. [from 
rapt.] To throw into an ecstasy ; to transport with 
enthusiasm. Shak. Involved ; wrapt up. Arbuthnot. 
To ENRAPTURE, en-rap'-tshure. v. a. To trans- 
port with pleasure; to delight highly. Shenstone. 
To ENRA'VISH§, en-ravish, v. a. To throw into 

ecstasy. Spenser. 
ENRAVISHMENT, en-rav'-fsh-ment. n. s. Ecstasy 

of delight. Glanville. 
To ENRE'GISTER*, en-rSd'-jis-tur. v.a. [enregis- 

trer, Fr.] To enrol ; to register. Spenser. 
To ENRHE'UM, en-rume 7 . v.a. [enrhumer, Fr.] To 

have rheum through cold. Harvey. 
To ENRFCH$, en-rltsh'. v.a. [enricher, Fr.] To 
make wealthy ; to make opulent. 1 Sajn. xvii. To 
fertilize; to make fruitful. Blackmore. To store ; 
to supply with augmentation of any thing desirable. 
Raleigh. 
ENRFCHMENT, en-rftsh'-ment. n.s. Augmenta- 
tion of wealth. Amplification ; improvement by 
addition. Bacon. 
To ENRFDGE, £n-r?dje'. v.a. To form with longi- 
tudinal protuberances or ridges. Shakspeare. 
To ENRFNG, en-rlng'. v. a. To bind round ; to en- 
circle. Shakspeare. 
To ENRFPEN, en-rl'-pn. 103. v. a. To ripen; to ma- 
ture ; to bring to perfection. Donne. 
To ENRI'VE*, en-rlve'. v. a. part, ennven. [lroin 

rive.] To cleave. Spenser. 
To ENRO'BE, en-r6be/. v.a. To dress; to clothe; 

to habit ; to invest. Shakspeare. 
To ENROL?, en-rile'. 406. v.a. [em oiler, Fr.] 
To insert in a roll, or register. 1 Mace. x. To re- 
cord ; to leave in writing. Sliak. To involve ; to 
inwrap. Spenser. 
ENROLLER, en-r6l'-lur. n. 8 . He that enrols; he 
that registers. 

340 



■ 



Mi 



ENS 



ENT 



—116, move, ndr, n6t;— ttt)e, tub, bGll ; — 6?1 ; — pfiftnd ; — </tin, THis. 



ENROLMENT, eu-rol'-ment. n.s. Register j wri- 
ting- in which any tiling is recorded; record. Da- 
vie s. 
To ENROOT,en-r66l'. 30G. v.a. To fix by the root ; 

to implant deep. Shakspeare. 
To ENROUNB, en-rdfliid'.312. v.a. To environ; 

to surround; to encircle ; to enclose. Shakspeare. 
EXS, C;iz. n. s. [Lat.] Any being or existence. [In 
chymistry.] Some things that are pretended to 
contain all the qualities or virtues ot the ingredi- 
ents thcv are drawn from in a little room. 
ENSA'MPLE §, en-sam'-pl. n. s. [ensampl?., Fr.] Ex- 
ample; pattern; subject of imitation. Phil. iii. 
Ob. J. 
To ENSA'MPLE, en-sam'-pl. v.a. To exemplify ; 

to show by example. Spenser. 
To ENSANGUINE, en-san'-gwln. 3-10. v.a. [san- 
guis, Lat.] To smear with gore ; lo suffuse with 
blood. Mi/ton. 
To ENSCHE'DULE 7 &i-sed'-jule.[See Schedule.] 

v. a. To insert in a schedule or writing. Shak. 
To ENSCONCE, en-sk&nse'. v. a. [from sconce.] 

To cover as with a fort; to secure. Shakspeare. 
To ENSE'AL* en-seeF. v. a. To impress; to mark 

as with a seal. Browne. 
To ENSE'AM, en-seme'. 227. v. a. To sow up ; to 
enclose by a seam. Camden. To fructify ; to fatten, 
[ensemencer, Fr.] Spenser. 
ENSE AMED* en-seem'-ed. a. Greasv. Shak. 
To ENSE'AR, en-sere'. 227. v.a. [from sear,] To 
cauterize ; to staunch or stop with fire. Shakspeare. 
To ENSE'ARCH*, en-sertsh'. v. n. [from search] 

To try to find. Sir T. Elyot. 
ENSEMBLE*, 6n-sam'-bl. n.s. [Fr.] One with 
another; a relative proportion of parts to the 
whole ; composition, considered together, and not 
in parts. Pownall. 
To ENSHI'ELD, en-sheeld'. 275. v. a. To shield ; 

to cover ; to protect. Shakspeare. 
To ENSHRFNE, en-shrlne'. v. a. [from shrine.] To 
enclose in a chest or cabinet; to preserve as a 
thing sacred. Milton. 
E'NSIFORM, efr-se-form. a. [ensiformis. Lat.] Hav- 
ing the shape of a sword. 
E'NSIGN $, en'-slne. 385. n. s. [enseigne, Fr.] The 
flag or standard of a regiment. Knolles. Any sig- 
nal to assemble. Isa. v. Badge, or mark of dis- 
tinction. Waller. The officer of foot who carries 
the flag. 
OCT I have given the last syllable of this word the long 
sound, as I am convinced it is the most correct; though 
1 am of opinion that, in the military profession, it is 
oftener pronounced short, as if written ensin. Some 
reasons from analogy might be produced in favour of 
this latter pronunciation, 144; but they do not seem 
sufficient to outweigh the more general usage which 
declares for the former. W. 
To ENSPGN*, en-slne'. v. a. [ensigner, old Fr.] To 

mark with some sign. B. Jonson. 
E'NSIGNBEARER, en'-slne-ba-rur. n. s. He that 

carries the flag ; the ensign. Sidney. 
E'NSIGNCY*, en'-sfn-se. n.s. The place andqual 

ty of the officer who carries the flag. 
$5" I have not met with this word in any of our dictiona- 
ries, but, from its very frequent use in the polite world, 
am persuaded it deserves a place there, and particular- 
ly in a pronouncing dictionary ; as it must be remarked 
that, though the second syllable of ensign is generally, 
and more correctly, pronounced with the i long, the 
same letter, in the same syllable of ensigncy, is always 
short. W. 
ENSKI'ED*, en-skide'. part. a. [from sky.] Placed in 

heaven ; made immortal. Shakspeare. 
To ENSLA'VE $, en-slave', v.a. To reduce to ser- 
vitude ; to deprive of liberty. Milton. To make 
over to another as his slave or bondman Locke. 
ENSLA'VEMENT, en-slave'-ment. n.s. The state 

of servitude; slavery. South. 
ENSLA/VER, en-sla'-vur. n.s. He that reduces 

otners to a state of servitude. Swift. 
To ENSNA'RE*. See To Insnare. 
To ENSNA'RL*, en-snarl', v.a. To entangle. Spen- 
ser 



To ENSN A'RL*, en-snarl', v. n. To snarl ; to | 

the teeth. Cockeram. 
To ENSO'BER, en-s6'-b&r. v.a. To make sober j 

to compose. Bp. Taylor. 
To ENSPHE'RE*, en-sfeer 7 . v.a. To place in a 
sphere. J. Hall. To form into roundness. Carew. 
To ENSTA'MP*, Sn-stamp'. v. a. To fix a mark by 

impressing it. Hewyt. 
To ENSTE EP*. See To Insteep. 
To ENSTY'LE*, en-stlle'. v.a. [from style.] To 

name; to call. Drayton. 
To ENSL'E$,en-su'. v.a. [ensuer, Norman French.} 

To follow ; to pursue. Psalm xxxiv. 
To ENSU'E, en-su'. v. n. To follow as a consequence 
to premises. Hooker. To succeed in a train of 
events, or course of time. Shakspeare. 
ENSU RABLE*. See Insurable. 
ENSU'RANCE, en-shu'-ranse. n. s. Exemption from 
hazard, obtained by the payment of a certain sum, 
Marq. of Halifax. The sum paid for security. 
ENSU'RANCER, en-shu'-ran-sur. n.s. He who un- 
dertakes to exempt from hazard. Dryden. 
To ENSU'RE^en-shiire'. v. a. [from sure.] [Now 
generally written insure.] To ascertain ; to make 
certain; to secure. Swift. To exempt anything 
from hazard by paying a certain sum, on condition 
of being reimbursed for miscarriage. To promise 
reimbursement of any miscarriage for a certain re- 
ward stipulated. V Estrange. To bind by promise 
of marriage. Cavendish. 
O^p As this word and its compounds come from the word 
sure, they all retain the aspirated pronunciation of the 
s in that word, 454; and it is not a little surprising that 
Mr. Sheridan has omitted to mark it. W. 
ENSU'RER, en-shu'-rfir. n. s. One who makes con- 
tracts of ensurance. Hammond. That which se- 
cures, or makes sure. Hay. 
ToENSWEE'P* en-sweep', v. a. To pass over with 

swiftness. Tliomson. 

ENTA'BLATURE, en-tab'-la-tshure. > n. s. [entab- 

ENTA'BLEMENT, en-ta'-bl-ment. \ lature,o\d 

Fr.] The architrave, frieze, and cornice of a pillar 

Harris. 

To ENTA'CKLE*, en-tak'-kl. v.a. [from tackle.] 

To supply with instruments of sailing. Skelion. 
ENTA'IL§, en-tale'. 202. n.s. [tamer, Fr.] The 
estate entailed or settled, with regard -to the rule 
\ of its descent. The rule of descent settled for any 
estate. Blackstone. Engraver's work ; inlay, [in- 
taglio, ItalJ Spenser. 
To ENTA'IL, en-tale', v. a. To settle the descent of 
any estate so that it cannot be by any subsequent 
possessor bequeathed at pleasure. Shak. To fix 
unalienably upon any person or thing. Digby. To 
carve. Spenser. 
To ENTA'IL, en-tale', v.n. To cut. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To ENTA'ME, en-tame', v.a. To tame; to subju- 
gate ; to subdue. Gower. 
To ENTA'NGLE §, en-tang'-^l. 405. v. a. [tagl, hair, 
Gothick.] To inwrap or ensnare with something 
not easily extricable. To lose in multiplied involu- 
tions. To twist, or confuse in such a manner as 
ti.at a separation cannot easily be made. To in- 
volve in difficulties; to embarrass; to perplex. 
Shak. To puzzle ; to bewilder. Hayward. To 
ensnare by captious questions or artful talk. St. 
Mali. xxii. To distract with variety of cares. 2 
Tim. ii. To multiply the intricacies or difficulties 
of a work. 
ENTA'NGLEMENT, en-tang'-gl-ment. n. s. Invo- 
lution of any thing intricate or adhesive. More 
Perplexity ; puzzle. Glanvifle. 
ENTA'NGLER, en-tang'-glur. n.s. One that entan- 
gles. 
To ENTE'NDER*, en-ten'-dfir. v. a. [from tender.} 

To treat with kindness; to protect. Young;. 
To E'NTER§,en'-tgr. 98. v. a. [entrer, Fr.] To go or 
come into any place. Milton. To initiate in a bu- 
siness, method, or society. Walton. To introduce 
or admit into any counsel. Sliak. To set down in 
a writing. Graunt. 
7bE'NTER, en'-ter. v.n. To come in; to go ux, 
341 



ENT 



ENT 



[D= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m^t ;— pine, pin : 



Judges, xviii. To penetrate mentally 3 to make 
intellectual entrance. Addison. To engage in. 
Addison. To be initiated in. Milton. 
ENTERDEAL, en'-ter-dele. n. s. [entre and deal.] 

Reciprocal transactions. Spenser. Ob. J. 
ENTERER*, en'-tSr-fir. n.s. One who is making a 

beginning. Seward. 
ENTERING, eV-teV-mg. n s. Entrance ; passage 

into a place. Isaiah, xxiii. 
To ENTERLA'CE, ^n-ler-lase'. v. a.Jentrelasser, 

Fr.] To intermix 3 to interweave. Sir T. Elyot. 
ENTEROCELE, en-teVo-sele. [See Hydrocele.] 
n. s. [Lat.] A rupture from the bowels pressing 
through the peritonaeum, so as to fall down into the 
groin. Quincy. 
ENTERO'LOGY, en-te-rol'-i-je. n. s. [frrtpov and 
\6yos.] The anatomical account of the bowels and 
internal parts. 
ENTERO'MPHALOS,Sn-tgr-&m'-fa-l6s. n. s. [hre- 

pov and 6u<j>a\og.] An umbilical or navel rupture. 
ENTERPA'RLANCE,en-ter-par'-lanse. n.s. [entre 
and parler, Fr.] Parley 3 mutual talk 3 conference 
Hay ward., 
ENTERPLEA'DER, en-tgr-ple'-dur. n. s. [entre 
ar«,' plead.] The discussing of a point incidentally 
fall'iig out, before the principal cause can take end. 
Cowet. 
ENTERPRISE §\ en'-ter-prlze. n. s. [entreprise, Fr.] 
An undertaking of hazard 3 an arduous attempt. 
Judith, ii. 
To ENTERPRISE, eV-tSr-prlze. v. a. To under- 
take ; to attempt 5 to essay. Milton. To receive 3 
To entertain. Spenser. 
ENTERPRISER, en'-ter-prl-z&r. n. s. A man of 
enterprise ; one who undertakes great things. Hay- 
ward. 
To ENTERTA'IN§, fri-ter-uW. v. a. [entretenir, 
Fr.] To converse with 3 to talk with. Locke. To 
treat at the table. Addison. To receive hospitably. 
Heb. xiii. To keep in one's service. Spenser, lo 
reserve in the mind. Decay of Piety. To please ; 
to amuse ; to divert. Decay of Piety. To admit 
with satisfaction. Locke. 
ENTERTAIN*, en-ter-tane'. n, s. [entretien, Fr.] 

Entertainment. Spenser. Ob. T. 
ENTERTAINER, en-ter-ta'-nur. n. s. He that keeps 
others in his service. Bacon. He that treats others 
at his table. Milton. He that receives sincerely 
and reverentially. Bp. Hall. He that pleases, di- 
verts, or amuses. Nash. 
ENTERTAININGLY*, £n-ter-ta'-n?ng-le. ad. In 

an amusing manner. Br. Warton. 
ENTERTAINMENT, 4n-ter-tane'-ment. n. s. Con- 
versation. Sliak. Treatment at the table ; convivial 
g revision. Spenser. Hospitable reception. Spenser. 
Leception ; admission. Sprat. The state of being in 
pay, as soldiers or servants. Shak. Payment of soldiers 
or servants. Davies. Amusement; diversion. Bacon. 
Dramatick performance ; the lower comedy. Gay. 
ENTERTISSUED,e>ter-tish'-ude. a. [entre and 
tissue.] Interwoven ot- intermixed with various col- 
ours or substances. SJiakspeare. 
ENTHEAT*, en'-lhke. a. [cv6eo S .] Our old word 

for enthusiastick. W. Hodgson. 
To ENTHRA'L*. See To Inthral. 
To ENTHRPL*, en-Z/tril'. v. a. [from thrill.] To 

pierce ; to penetrate. Sackville. 
To ENTHRONE §, &n-thrt)i\e' . v. a. [enthroner, Fr.] 
To place on a regal seat. Shak. To invest with 
sovereign authority. Se/den. 
To ENTHRONING*, en-tfir^-nlze. 159. v. a. To 

enthrone. Davies. 
To ENTHUNDER*, en-tfuV-d&r. v. n. To make 

a noise like thunder. Mirror for Magistrates. 
ENTHUSIASM^, en-tfuV-zhe-azm. n.s. [hBovaaa- 
fibi.] A vain belief of private revelation ; a vain 
confidence of divine favour. Locke. Heat of im- 
agination ; violence of passion. Warburton. Ele- 
vation of fancy ; exaltation of ideas. Dry den. 
ft^- For the pronunciation of the third syllable of this 
and the three [4] following words, see Ecclksiastick, 
and Principles, No. 451. W. 



ENTHUSIAST, en-tfnV-zhe-ast. n. s. One who vain- 
ly imagines a private revelation ; one who has a 
vain confidence of his intercourse with God. Pagitt. 
One of a hot imagination, or violent passions. Pope. 
One of elevated taney, or exalted ideas. Dryden. 
ENTHUSIASTICAL, en-tfnV-zhe-as'-te-kal. ; 
ENTHUSLVSTICK, eVtfnV-zhe-as'-tlk. \ a - 

[hdovciaanicds •] Persuaded of some communication 
with the Deity. Cabxmy. Vehemently hot in any 
cause. Elevated in fancy ; exalted in ideas. Burnet. 
ENTHUSIA'STICK*,en-tfiu-zhe-as'-tik. n. s. An 

enthusiast. Sir T. Herbert. 
ENTHYMEM, en'-^e-mem. n. s. [Mv^a.] An 
argument consisting only of an antecedent and con- 
sequential proposition 3 a syllogism where the ma 
jor proposition is suppressed, and only the minor 
and consequence produced in words. Brown. 
To ENTICE $, en-tlse'. v. a. [enticei; old Fr.] To al- 
lure 3 to attract 3 to draw by blandishments or hopes. 
Ascham. 
ENTICEMENT, en-tlse'-ment. n. s. The act or 
practice of alluring to ill. Hooker. The means by 
which one is allured to ill 3 blandishment 3 allure- 
ment. Shakspeare. 
ENTFCER, en-ti'-s&r. 98. n. s. One that allures to 

ill. Burton. 
ENTICING*, Sn-tl'-sfng. n. s. The act of alluring 

to evil. South. 
ENTICINGLY, en-tF-smg-le. ad. Charmingly 3 in 

a winning manner. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
ENTIERTY, en'-te-gr-te. n. s. [entierte, old Fr.] 

The whole j not barely a part. Bacon. 
ENTIRE §, en-tlre'. a. [entier, Fr.] Whole ; undi- 
vided. Bacon.. Unbroken 3 complete in its parts. 
Newton. Full 3 complete 5 comprising all requisites 
in itself. Hooker. Sincere 3 hearty. Sluxk. Firm 3 
sure ; solid ; fixed. Prior. Unmingled 3 unallayed. 
Milton. Honest 5 firmly adherent } faithful. Claren- 
don. In full strength 3 with vigour unabated ; with 
power unbroken. Impartial. Clarendon. Inward. 
Spenser. 
ENTIRELY, en-tire'-le. ad. In the whole 3 without 
division. Raleigh. Completely 5 fully. Milton. With 
firm adherence 3 faithfully. Spenser. 
ENTIRENESS, en-tlre'-nes. n. s. Totality ; com 
pleteness; fulness. Donne. Honesty; integrity 
Intimacy ; familiarity 3 friendship. Bp. Hall. 
ENTIRETY*, en-tlre'-te. n.s. Completeness. Black- 
stone. See Entierty. 
95= This word, though very expressive, is ill formed, as 
it, in some measure, clashes with that numerous class 
of words ending in ity, where the i makes a distinct syl- 
lable ; but, as this word is a formation of our own, we 
must be careful to pronounce it in three syllables. W. 

ENT1TATIVE*, en'-te-ta-tlv. a. Considered by it- 
self; abstracted from all circumstances. Ellis. 

ENTITATIVELY*, en'-te-ta-tiv-le. ad. A thing 
considered nakedly and precisely, according to 
what it is in itself. Chambers. 
To ENTITLE, en-ti'-tl. 405. v. a. [entituler, Fr.] To 
grace or dignify with a title or honourable appella- 
tion. To give a title or discriminative appellation. 
Hooker. To superscribe, or prefix as a title. Locke. 
To give a claim to any thing. Dryden. To grant 
any thing as claimed by a title. Locke. 

ENTITY, eV-te-te. n. s. [entiias, low Lat.] Some- 
thing which really is 5 a real being. Brotcn. A 
particular species of being. Bacon. 

To ENTO'IL, en-toll', v. a. To ensnare 5 to entangle } 
to bring into toils or nets. Bacon. 

To ENTOMB ^en-todm'. v. a. [entomber, o\dFr.J 
To put into a tomb 3 to bury. Hooker. 

ENT6'MBMENT*, e'n-tfidm'-ment. n. s. BuriaL 
Barrow. 

ENTOMO'LOGY*, en-t6-m6l'-6-je. n. s. [ivro/xov 
and \6yo$.] That part of natural history which 
treats of insects. Wliite. 

ENTORTILA'TION*, en-tor-te-la'-shun. n. t. [en- 
tortiliement, Fr.] A turning into a circle or round 
figure. Donne. 

To ENTRA'IL, en-trale'. v. a. [intralciare, Ital.] To 
mingle ; to interweave 5 to diversify. Spenw. 
342 



ENU 



ENW 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — t6be, tfib, bfilJ ,' — 611 ; — pound ;—th\n, THis. 



E'NTRAILS, en'-lrilz. 208. n. s. [without a siiigu 

lar.] [entraitles, Fr.] The intestines ; the inward 

parts ; the bowels. &hak. The internal parts. Sluik. 

ENTRAMMELLED* en-trW-meld. a. [from 

trammel.] Curled ; frizzled. Sherwood. 
E'NTRANCE, en'-transe. n. s. [entrant, Fr.] The 
power of entering' into a place. Slink. The act of 
entering. Sliak. The passage by which a place 
is entered ; avenue. Judges, iv. Initiation : com- 
mencement. Locke. Intellectual ingress ; knowl- 
edge. Bacon. The act of taking possession of an 
office or dignity. Hazjward. The beginning of any 
thing. Hakeici'll. 
To ENTRANCE, en-transe'. 91. v. a. [from trance.] 
To put into a trance. To put into an ecstasy. 
Milton. 
To ENTRA'P, en-trap', v. a. [entraper, old Fr.] To 
ensnare ; to catch in a trap. Spenser. To involve 
unexpectedly in difficulties ; to entangle. Spenser. 
To take advantage of. Ecclus. viii. 

To ENTREA'SURE*. See To Intreasure. 

To ENTRE'AT §, en-trete'. 227. v. a. [trailer, Fr.] 
To petition 5 to solicit 3 to importune. Gen. xxv. To 
prevail upon by solicitation. Gen. xxv. To treat 
or use well or ill. Ecclus. vii. To entertain ; to 
amuse. Sliak. To entertain ; to receive. Spenser. 

To ENTRE'AT, en-trete'. v. n. To offer a treaty or 
compact. 1 Mace. x. To treat ; to discourse. Hake- 
will. To make a .petition. Sliakspeare. 

ENTRE'AT*, en-trete'. n. s. Entreaty. Tragedy of 
Soliman and Perseda. Ob. T. 

ENTRE'ATABLE*, en-tre'-ta-bl. a. That may be 
entreated, or is soon entreated. Huloet. 

ENTRE'ATANCE, en-tr^-tanse. n. s. Petition 
entreaty : solicitation. Fairfax. Ob. J. 

ENTREATER*, en-tre'-tfir. n.s. One who makes 
a petition. Futce. 

ENTRE'ATIVE*, en-tre'-tlv. a. Treating; plead- 
ing. Brewer. 

ENTRE'ATY, en-tre'-te. n.s. Petition; prayer; so- 
licitation; request. Sliak. Reception; entertain- 
ment. B. Jonson. 

EXTREME' TS. n. s. [Fr.] Small plates set be- 
tween the main dishes. Mortimer. 

ENTREPOT*, 6n-tre-p6'. n.s. [Fr.] A maga- 
zine; a warehouse. Pownall. 

To ENTRI'CK* en-trlk'. v. a. [irdriquer, old Fr.] 
To deceive; to perplex; to entangle. Chaucer. 

E NTRY, en'-tre. n. s. The passage by which any 
one enters a house. Bacon. The act of entrance ; 
ingress. Bacon. The act of taking possession of 
any estate. The act of registering or setting down 
in writing. Bacon. The act of entering pubhckly 
into any city. Bacon. 

To ENTU'NE*, en-time 7 , v. a. [entonner, old Fr.] 
To tune ; to chant. Chaucer. 

To ENTWFNE*. See To Intwine. 

To ENTWFST*, en-twlst'. v> a. To wreath round, 
or together. Shakspeare. 

To EN U'BILATE, e-nu'-be-late. v. n. [e and nubile, 
Lat.] To clear from clouds. Diet. 

To ENU'CLEATE §, e-nu'-kle-ate. v. a. [enucleo, 
Lat.] To solve ; to clear; to disentangle. 

ENUCLEATION*, e-nu-kle-a'-shfin. n. s. Expla- 
nation ; plain manifestation. Cotgrave. 

To ENUMERATE $, e-nu'-me-rate. v. a. [enumero, 
Lat.] To reckon up singly. Wake. 

ENUMERATION, e-nu-me-ra'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of numbering or counting over. Sprat. 

ENUMERATP7E*, e-ntf-me-ra-tlv. a. Reckoning 
up siug-ly ; counting over. Bp. Taylor. 

To ENUNCIATE $, e-nfin'-she-ate. v. a. [enuncia, 
Lat.] To declare ; to proclaim ; to relate ; to ex- 
press. Bp. Barlow. 

ENUNCIATION, e-nun-she-a'-shfin. n. s. Declara- 
tion ; publick attestation. Bp. Taylor. Intelligence ; 
information. Hale. Expression, in writing. Play- 
fair. Manner of utterance. Lord Chesterfield. 

ENU'NCIATIVE, e-nfln'-she-a-dv. a. Declarative; 
expressive. Sir T. Elyot. 

ENU'NCIATFVELY, e-nfin'-she-a-tlv-le. [See Pro- 
nunciation.] ad. Declaratively, 



To ENU'RE*. See To Inure. 

To ENVA'SSAL*, en-vas'-sal. v. a. [from vassal.'] 
To make over to another as his slave. More. 

To ENVE'IGLE*. See To Inveic.i e. 

To ENVELOPES, en-vel'-up. v. a. [enveloper, Fr.] 
To inwrap ; to cover. Cliaucer. To hide ; to sur 
round. Locke. To line; to cover on the inside. 
Spenser. 

ENVELOPE, 6n-ve-l6jpe / . [en'-ve-lope, Perry ; 
en-ve-l6pe', Jones ; en-veV-up, Webster.] n. s. [Fr. j 
A wrapper; an outward case. Burnet. 

$CT This word, signifying the outward case of a letter, is 
always pronounced in the French manner by those who 
can pronounce French, and, by those who cannot, the 
initial e is changed into an 0. Sometimes a mere Eng- 
lishman attempts to give the nasal vowel the French 
sound, and exposes himself to laughter by pronouncing 
g after it, as if written ongvelopc. This is as ridicu- 
lous, to a polite ear, as if he pronounced it, as it ought 
to be pronounced, like the verb to envelope. W. 

ENVE'LOPEMENT*, en-vel'-up-ment. n. s. Per- 
plexity; entanglement. Search. 

To ENVE'NOM, en-ven'-um. 166. v. a. [from miom.j 
To taint with poison ; to poison. Shak. To make 
odious. Sliak. To enrage ; to exasperate. Dryden. 

To ENVE'RMEIL*, en-ver'-mele. v. a. [vermeil 
Fr.l To dye red. Milton. 

E'NYTABLE, en'-ve-a-bl. 405. a. Deserving envy: 
such as may excite envy. Carew. 

E'NVLER, en'-ve-ur. 98. n.s. One that envies an- 
other; a m aligner. Bacon. 

E'NVIOUS, en'-ve-us. 314. a. Infected with envy : 
pained by the excellence or happiness of another. 
Sidney. 

E'NVIOUSLY, en'-ve-fis-le. ad. With envy; with 
malignity; with ill-will. Duppa. 

To ENVI'RON $, en-vl'-run. 166. v. a. [environner, 
Fr.] To surround ; to encompass. Joshua, vii. To 
involve ; to envelope. Donne. To surround in a 
hostile manner ; to besiege ; to hem in. Shak. To 
enclose ; to invest. Cleaveland. 

ENVFRONS, 6n-ve-r6nz', or en-vi'-runz. 166. n.s. 
[environs, Fr.] The neighbourhood or neighbour- 
ing places round about the country. Lord Chester- 

£5" This word is in general use, and ought to be pro- 
nounced like the English verb to environ -. but the van- 
ity of appearing polite keeps it still in the French pro- 
nunciation ; and, as the nasal vowels in the first and 
last syllables are not followed by hard c or g, it is 
impossible for a mere Englishman to pronounce it fash- 
ionably. — See Encore. W. 

E'NVOY§, en'-vSe. n.s. [envoy e, Fr.] A publick 
minister sent from one power to ano'her. Denham. 
A publick messenger, in dignity be'ow an ambas- 
sadour. Sir T. Herbert. A messenger. Blackmorc. 
Formerly a kind of postscript, sent with composi- 
tions, to enforce or recommend what had been pre- 
viously written, whether in prose or rhyme. War 
ton. 

E'NVOYSHIP*, en'-v6e-shfp. n.s. The office of an 
envoy. Coventry. 

To E'NVY§, en' -ve. v. a. [envier, Fr.] To hate an- 
other for excellence, happiness, or success. Prov. hi. 
To grieve at any qualities of excellence in another. 
Shak. To grudge ; to impart unwillingly; to with- 
hold maliciously. Dryden. 

95° The ancient pronunciation of this word was with 
the accent on the last syllable, and the y sounded as in 
eye, as the Scotch pronounce it at this day. W. 

To E'NVY, en'-ve. v. n. To feel envy ; to feel pain 
at the sight of excellence or felicity. Bp. Taylor. 

E'NVY, en'-ve. 182. n. s. Pain felt and malignity 
conceived at the sight of excellence or happiness. 
Ray. Rivalry ; competition. Dryden. Malice j 
malignity. Shak. Publick odium ; ill-repute. Ba- 
con. 

E'N VYING*, en'-ve-Jng. n.s. Ill-will ; malice. Gala- 
Hans, v. 

ENWA'LLOWED*, en-w&l'-lode. part. a. Wallow- 
ing. Spenser. 

343 





KPI 


EP1 




O" 559.- 


-File, far, fall, fat; — me, met; — pine, pin; — 



To ENWHE'EL, en-hweel'. v. a. [from wheel.] Tol 

encompass; to encircle. Sfiakspeare. 
To ENW1 DEN*, en-wl'-dn. v. a. To make wider. | 

TflENWO'MB,8n-wWm'. v. a. [from womb.-] To 
make pregnant. Spenser. To bury ; to hide as in 
a womb. Donne, 
To ENWRAP §*. See TWnwrap. 
ENWRA'PMENT*, en-rap'-ment. n.s. A covering; 

a wrapper. Shuckford. 
EOLIAN*, e-o'-le-an. ) a. [from uEolw.] Denoting 
EO'LICK*, e-&l'-ik. \ one of the five dialects of 
the Greek tongue. Also a particular kind of verse ; 
and, in musick, one of the modes of the ancients. 
Milton. 
EO'LIAN Harp*, e-o'-le-an-harp. An instrument 
so called from iEolus, the heathen deity of winds ; 
as it produces its wild and often exquisite strains 
merely by the action of the wind. Thomson. 
EO'LIPILE, e-ol'-e-plle. n.s. [jEolus and pila.] A 
hollow ball of metal with a long pipe; which ball, 
filled with water and exposed to the fire, sends out, 
as the water heats, at intervals, blasts of cold wind 
through the pipe. Burnet. 
E'PACT, e'-pakt. n.s. [haKT&$.] A number, where- 
by we note the excess of the common solar year 
above the lunar, and thereby may find out the age 
of the moon every year. Harris. 
EPiENE'TICK*, ep-e-neV-lk. a. [haivtiriKos.] Lau- 

datorv; panegyrical. Phillips. 
EPA'ULEMENT, e-pawl'-ment. n. s. [Fr.] [In for- 
tification.] A sidework made either of earth thrown 
up, of bags of earth, gabions, or of fascines and 
earth. Harris. 
EPAULE'T*, ep'-aw-let. n. s. [epaulette, Fr.] An or- 
nament for the shoulder ; a shoulder-knot ; chiefly 
now a military word. Burke. 
EPE'NTHESIS,£-p6n'-*te-s?s.503. n.s. [hevdemg.] 
The addition of a vowel or consonant in the middle 
of a word. Harris. 
E'PHA, e'-fa. n. s. [Heb.] A measure among the 

Jews, containing fifteen solid inches. Ezek. xlv. 
EPHE'MERA, i-fem'-e-ra. 92. n, s. [e^epi/.] A fe- 
ver that terminates in one day. An insect that 
lives only one day. 
§Cr I was much surprised when I found Mr. Sheridan had 
given the long open sound of e to the second syllable 
of ephemera, ephemeris, &c. If it was in compliment 
to the Greek eta, the same reason should have induced 
him to give the sound of long e to the first syllable of 
hemistich, demagogue, and rhetorick. TV. 
EPHEMERAL, e-fem'-e-ral. 88. ) a. Diurnal; 
EPHE'MERICK, e-fem'-e-rik. 510. $ beginning and 

ending in a day. Wotton. 
EPHEiWRlDESMf-e-meV-e-dez. n.s. Astronom- 
ical tables, showing the present state of the heavens 
for every day at noon. Burton. 
EPHE'MERI*S$, e-fem'-e-rk n. s. [fyvuzpis.] A 
journal ; an account of daily transactions. An ac- 
count of the daily motions and situations of the plan- 
ets. Dryden. 
EPHE'MERIST, e-fem'-e-rlst. n. s. One who con- 
sults the planets ; one who studies or practises 
astrology. Howell. 
EPHF/MERON-WORM, e-fem'-e-ron-wurm. n. s. 

A sort of worm that lives but a day. Derham. 
EPHE'MEROUS*, e-fem'-e-rus. a. Beginning and 

ending in a day. Burke. 
EPHESIAN*, "e-fe'-zhun. n. s. [from Ephesus.] 
One of those in Ephesus, to whom St. Paul ad- 
dressed an epistle. Bp. Percy. In the time of 
Shakspeare, a vulgar appellation, or familiar 
phrase, probably derived from the dissolute man- 
ners of the Ephesians. Shakspeare. 
EPHIA'LTES*, ef-e-al'-tez. n. s. [l<pia\r m ^ The 

disease called the night-mare. Brand. 
E'PHOD, ef-6d, or e'-f&d. n.s. [.mos] A sort of 

ornament worn by the Hebrew priests. Exodus. 
$5= Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, Nares, and Ash, adopt 
the first ; Entick and Kenrick the last, which, in my 
opinion, is the best. W. 

EPICEDE*, ep-e-sede'. n.s. [hmtfios.] A funeral 
discourse or song. Bale. 



EPICE DIAN*, ep-e-se'-de-an.a.Elegiack; mourn- 
ful. Cocker am. 
EPICE'DIUM, ep-e-se'-de-um. n. s. An elegy; a 

poem upon a funeral. Sandys. 
E'PICENE*, ep'-e-sene. a. [epicoenus, Lat.] Com 
mon; of both kinds : the term, in grammar, of one 
of the Latin genders. B. Jonson. 
E'PICK, ep'-lk. a. [hn$.] Narrative ; comprising 

narrations, not acted, but rehearsed. Dryden. 
ETICK*, ep'-fk. n. s. An epick poem. Campbell. 
E'PICURE §, ep'-e-kure. n. s. [epicureus, Lat.] A fol 
lower of Epicurus ; a man given wholly to luxury. 
Shakspeare. 
EPICURE' AN* ep-e-ku-re'-an. [See European.] 

n. s. One of the sect of Epicurus. Acts, xvii. 
EPICUREAN, ep-e-ku-re'-an. a. Pertaining to the 
sect of Epicurus. Milton. Luxurious ; contributing 
to luxury. Shakspeare. 
E'PICURISM, ep'-e-ku-rfzm. n. s. Luxury ; sensu- 
al enjoyment ; gross pleasure. Government of tlie 
Tongue. The doctrine of Epicurus. Waterland. 
%j~ Mr. Mason tells us, that this word should have the 
accent on the third syllable. For my own part, I think 
that accentuation of the word as faulty as the explana- 
tion. It seems to me, that Epicureanism is an attach- 
ment to the doctrines of Epicurus ; and that epicurism 
is formed from the word epicure., which signifies a sen- 
sualist, and particularly in eating, or rather delicacy in 
eating. A lady once told Mr. Hume, that she had heard 
he was a great epicure ; No, madam, said he, I am only 
a glutton. TV. 
To E'PICURIZE, ep'-e-ku-rlze. v.n. To devour 
like an epicure, lo feast; to riot. Fuller. To 
profess the doctrine of Epicurus. Cudivorth. 
EPICY'CLE, ep'-e-sl-kl. 405. n. s. [hi and kvk\os.] 
A little circle, whose centre is in the circumference 
of a greater ; or a small orb, whijch, being fixed in 
the deferent of a planet, is carried along with its 
motion ; and yet, with its own peculiar motion, 
carries the body of the planet fastened to it round 
about its proper centre. Brown. 
EPICY'CLOID, ep-e-sl'-kl&ld. n. s. A curve gene- 
rated by the revolution of the periphery of a circle 
along the convex or concave part of another circle 
Harris. 
EPIDE'MICAL, ep-e-dem'-e-kal. ia. [hi and hf, 
EPIDE'MICK, ep-e-dem'-lk. 509. \ uo S .] That 
which falls at once upon great numbers of people, as 
a plague. Bacon. Generally prevailing; affecting 
great numbers. South. General ; universal. Howell. 
EPIDE'RMIS. ep-e-der'-mls. n. s. [hiSlputg.] The 

scarf-skin of a man's body. 
EPIGA'STRICK*, ep-e-gas'-trik. a. [hi and yaa- 
rt)p.] The epigastrxck region is a name given to the 
upper part of the abdomen. Chambers. 
EP1GE' UM*, ep-e-je'-fim. n. s. [hi and y,).] That 
part of the orbit in which any planet comes nearest 
to the earth. 
EPIGLO'TTIS*, ep-e-glSt'-tls. n.s. [hiy\u>T7i s .} 
The thin movable cartilage, in form of a little 
tongue, which covers the aperture of the windpipe 
Ash. 
E'PIGRAM §, ep'-e-gram. n. s. [epigramma, Lat.J 
A short poem terminating in a point. Shakspeare 
EPIGRAMMA'TICAL, ep-e-gram-mat'-e-kal. ? 
EPIGRAMMA'TICK, ep-e-gram-mat'-fk. 509. > a " 
Dealing in epigrams ; writing epigrams. Camden. 
Suitable, or belonging to epigrams. Addison. 
EPIGRA'MMATIST, ep-e-gram'-ma-tlst. n. s. One 
who writes or deals in epigrams. Peacham. Pope. 
ETIGRAPH*, ep'-e-graf. n. s. [hiypcuprj.] A title; 

an inscription. Bullokar. 
EPFGRAPHE. n. 5. An inscription on a statue. 

Diet. 
E'PILEPSY§,ep'-e-lep-se.n..s. [hM ls .] A con- 
vulsion, or convulsive motion of the whole body, or 
of some of its parts, with a loss of sense. Quincy. 
EPILETT1CAL*, ep-e-lep'-te-kal. a. Convulsed , 

disordered as by an epilepsy. Spenser. 
EPILETTICK, «p-A-1ep / -tik.509.a. Diseased with 

an epilepsy. Arbuthnot. 
EPI'LOGISM*. e-pIl'-6-j?zm. n. s. [hiXoytaubs.] 
Computation enumeration. Gregory. 
■«vH 



■ 



EPI EQU 

-n6, move, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— thin, Tuis. 



EPILOG PSTICK*, ep-e-lo-j] s '-iik. a. Having the 

nature of an epilogue. Warton. 
To EPPLOGISE*. See To Emloouize. 

E'PILOGUE? e>'-e-l6g. 338. n. s. [hi\oyo S .] The 
poem or speech at the end of a play. Shakspeare 

To E'PILOGUIZE*. e-pil'-6-gylze. v. n. To make 
conclusion or end. Cockeram. To speak an epi- 
logue. Milton. 

To EPPLOGUIZE*, e-pil'^-gylze. v. a. To add to 
in the manner of an epilogue. Student. 

EPINPCTON*, ep-e-nislZ-e-un. n. s. [hivmov.] A 
song of triumph. T. Warton. 

EPINY'CTIS, ep-e-nik'-tis. n. s. [imwjcrts.] A sore 
at the corner ot the eye. Wiseman. 

EPIPHANY, e-piP-fa-ne. n. s. [h«f>avtia] A church 
festival, celebrated on the twelfth day after Christ- 
mas, in commemoration of our Saviour's being 
manifested to the world, by the appearance of a 
miraculous blazing star, which conducted the magi 
to the place where he was. Wlieatleij. 

EPIPHONE'MA, ep-e-fo-ne'-ma. 92. n. s. [ht<p6- 
vtifia.] An exclamation ; a conclusive sentence not 
closelv connected with the words foregoing. Swift. 

EPIPHORA, e-p?f -f6-ra. 92. n. s. [htyooa] An in- 
flammation of any part, but more especially a de- 
fluxion of humours on the eyes. Harris. 

EPIPHYLLOSPE'RMOUS, ep-e-fil-16-speV-mus. 
a. [from hi, <j>v\\ov, o-trippa.] Is applied to plants 
that bear their seed on the back part of their leaves. 
Harris. m 

EPIPHYSIS, e-pif-e-sis. 520. n.s. [hid>vm S .] Ac- 
cretion ; the part added by accretion. Wiseman. 

EPPPLOCE, e-pip'-lo-se. n. s. [hnrXeKr,.-] A figure 
in rhetorick, by which one aggravation, or striking 
circumstance, is added in due gradation to another. 

EPPSCOPACY, e-pis'^-pa-se. n.s. [episcopates, 
Lat.] The government of bishops, the government 
of the church established bv the aoostles. Clarendon. 

EPPSCOPAL, e-pls'-ko-pal. a. [episcopus, Lat.] Be- 
longing to a bishop. Hooker. Vested in a bishop. 
Rogers. 

EPISCOPALIANS*, e-pls-ki-paMe-anz. n. s. plur. 
Those who adhere to the established church of 
England. 

EPPSCOPALLY* e-pfs'-ko-pal-le. ad. In an epis- 
copal manner ; bv episcopal authority. Burnet. 

EPPSCOPATE, eVs'-ko-pate. 91. n. s. A bish- 
oprick ; the office and dignity of a bishop. Arnatd. 

E'PISCOPY*. n. s. [hioKovios] Survey ; search. 
Milton. 

ETISODE §, ey-e-sode. n. s. [hiawtri.'] An inci- 
dental narrative, or digression in a poem, separa- 
ble from the main subject, yet rising naturally 
from it. Addison. 

EPISODICAL, ep-e-sod'-e-kal. >«. Contained in 

EPISO'DICK, ep-e-sodMk.509. ] an episode j per- 
taining to an episode. Dryden. 

EPISPA'STICK, ep-e-spas'-llk. n. s. [M and c-du.~] 
Drawing. Blistering. Arbuthnot. 

EPPSTLE §, e-p?s'-sl. 472. [See Apostle.] n. s. 
[ffftoroX^.] A letter. Dryden. 

EPPSTOLARY, e-pV-to-lar-e. a. Relating to let- 
ters ; suitable to letters. Warton. Transacted by 
letters. Addison. 

EPISTO'LICAL*, gp-fs-tol'-e-kal. a. Having the 
form and manner of an epistle. Bent.ley. 

EPPSTLER, e-pfs'-lur. 98. n. s. A writer of letters. 
Bp. Hall. Formerly he who regularly assisted at 
the communion table in the service of our church, 
and read in u«e epistle. Const, and Can. 

To EPPSTOLiZE*, e-p?s'-t6-llze. v. n. To write 
letters. Howell. 

EPISTROPHEI e-p?s'-tr6-fe. n. s. [hiarpoff,.] [In 
rhetorick.] A figure which concludes each member 
of a sentence with the same affirmation. Cham- 
bers. 

E'PISTYLE* V-e-stlle. n - s - [hierohov.] An ar- 
chitrave. 

EPFTASIS*, e-pTt'-a-s?s. n. s. [immvaA In the an- 
cient drama, the progress of the plot. B. Jonson. 

ETTTAPHS/ey-e-tafTrc.s. [hiraftov.] An inscri 
tion upon a tomb Sliakspeare. 
44 



inscrip- 



EPITA'PHIAN*, Sp-e-uV-fe-an. a. Pertaining to an 
epitaph. Milton. 

EPITHALA'MIUM, ep-e-tfia-la'-me-fim. n. s. [hi- 
0(iAo/i(ov.] A nuptial song 5 a compliment upon 
marriage. Sandys. 

EPITHA'LAMY*, ep-£-tfial'-a-me. n. s. A nuptia) 
song. Cliudleigh. 

E'PITHEM, ep'-e-tfiem. n. s. [hid^a.] A liquid 
medicament extemaily applied. Brown. 

E'PITHETS, ep'-e-i/iet. n.s. [hl9r,rov.] An adjec- 
tive denoting any quality, good or bad. Bp. Hall. 

To E'PITHET*, ep'-e-tfiet. v. a. To entitle 5 to de- 
scribe the quality of. Wotton. 

EPPTOMEtf, e-p?t'-6-me. n. s. [hiropf,.] Abridge- 
ment; abbreviature; compendious abstract. Wotton. 

To EPPTOMISE, e-ph'-o-mlze. v. a. To abstract ; 
to contract into a narrow space. Donne. To di- 
minish; to curtail. Addison. 

EPPTOMISER. e-plt'-o-ml-zur. ) n.s. Anabridger; 

EPPTOMIST, e-pit'-o-rnJst. $ an abstracter. 
Burton. Milton. 

E'POCH, ep / -6k, or e'-pok. ) n. s. [ho X fi-] Tlie time 

ETOCHA, ep'-6-ka. \ at which a new com- 

putation is begun ; the time from which dates are 
numbered. South. 

35= As the last of these words is Latin, from the Greek 
ho%ii, the Latin accent and quantity on the antepenul- 
timate syllable is preserved by polite speakers ; and the 
first, being anglicised, and containing only two sylla- 
bles, falls into the quantity of the original. Buchanan, 
Nares, and Ash, make the first syllable of epoch short ; 
but Perry and Kenrick, in my opinion, make it more 
properly long. W. 

E / PODE,ep / -° de ; or €! / -p6de. n , s , [hu>So;.] Thestan 
za following the strophe and aiitistrophe. Milton. 

05° Entick, Scott, Perry, W. Johnston, Nares, and Ash, 
make the first e short ; but Kenrick makes it long, as, 
in my opinion, it ought to be. W. 

EPOPE'E, ep-6-pe'. n.s. {ho-oha.'] Anepickorhe- 
roick poem. Dryden. 

E'PULARY 6*, ep'-ii-la-re. a. [epularis, Lat.] Be- 
longing to feasts or banquets. Scott. 

EPULA'TION, ep-u-la'-shun. ?i. s. Banquet; feast. 
Brovm. 

EPULO'TICK, ep-u-Iot'-fk. n. s. [hovMrtKos.] A 
cicatrizing medicament. Wiseman. 

EQUABILITY, e-kwa-bil'-e-te. n. s. Equality to 
itself; evenness ; uniformity. Ray. Evenness of 
temper. Sir T. Elyot. 

E'UUABLES, e'-kwa-bl. 405. a. [cequabilis, Lat.] 
Equal to itself; even ; uniform. Bentley. 

E'Q.UABLY, e'-kwa-ble. ad. Uniformly; evenly; 
equally to itself. Cheyne. 

EQUALS, e'-kwal. 36, 88. a. [azqualis, Lat.] Like 
another in bulk, or any quality that admits com- 
parison. Ecclus. xxxii. Adequate to any purpose. 
Clarendon.. Even; uniform. Dryden. Injustpro- 
portion. Dryden. Impartial ; neutral ; just. Ezek. 
xviii. Indifferent. Beaumont and Fletcher. Equi 
table ; advantageous alike to both parties. 2 Mace 
xiii. Being upon the same terms. 2 Mace. viii. 

E'QUAL, e'-kwal. n. s. One not inferiour or supe 
riour to another. 2 Mace. ix. One of the same age 
Gal. Equality. Spenser. 

To E'QUAL, e'-kwal. v. a. To make one thing or 
person equal to another. Lament. To rise to the 
same slate with another person. Trumbull. To be 
equal to. Sliak. To recompense fully. Dryden. 

EQUALISA'TION* e-kwal-e-za'-shfin. n. s. State 
of equality. Burke. 

To E'QUALISE, e'-kwa-Uze. v. a. To make even. 
Brown. To be equal to. Fuller. To make equal. 
More. 

EQUALITY, e-kwol'-e-te. 86. n. s. Likeness with 
regard to any quantities compared. SJtak. The 
same degree of dignity. Milton. Evenness; uni- 
formity; equability. Brown. 

E'QUALLY, e'-kwal-le. ad. In the same degree 
with another. Rogers. Evenly; equably; uni- 
formly. Locke. Impartially. Shak. In just pro- 
portion. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

E'QU ALNESS, e'-kwal-nes. n. s. Equality. Sha/c. 
345 



EQU 










EQU 


[ST 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, 


fat; 


— me, m£t ; 


—pine, pin ; — 



EQU ANGULAR, e-kwang'-gu-lar. a. [cequus and 
angulus, Lat.] Consisting of equal angles. 

EQUANIMITY, e-kwa-nmV-e-te. n. s. [cequanimi- 
tas, Lat.] Evenness of mind, neither elated nor 
depressed. Toiler. 

EQUA'NIMOUS, e-kwaiV-e-m&s. a. [cequanimis, 
Lat.l Even ; not dejected ; not elated. 

EQUATION, e-kwa'-shun. n. s. [cequare, Lat.l 
The investigation of a mean proportion collected 
from the extremities of excess and defect, to be ap- 
plied to the whole. Holder. 

EQUATION, e-kwa'-shun. [In algebra.] An ex- 
pression of the same quantity in two dissimilar 
terms, but of equal value. Diet. 

EQUATION, e-kwa'-shun. [In astronomy.] The 
difference between the time marked out by the sun's 
apparent motion, and that measured by its real mo- 
tion. Diet. 

EQUATORS, e-kwa'-t&r. 166. n. s. [cequator, Lat.] 
A great circle, whose poles are the poles of the 
world. It divides the globe into two equal parts, 
the northern and southern hemispheres. Harris. 

EQUATORIAL, e-kwa-t^-re-al. a. Pertaining to 
the equator ; taken at the equator. Cheyne. 

E QUERY, h^j/iU.*. [escurie, Fr.] A 

EQUE'RRY, \ e " Kwer e - } grand lodge or stable 
for horses. An officer who has the care of horses. 
Tatler. 

EQUESTRIAN, e-kwes'-tre-an. a. Being on horse- 
back. Spectator. Skilled in horsemanship. Be- 
longing to the second rank in Rome. Ld. Lxjtlelton. 

EQUIANGULAR*. See Equangular. 

EQUICRURAL, e-kwe-kroo'-ral. ) a. [cequus and 

EQUICRU'RE, e-kwe-kro6r'. \ crus, Lat.] 
Having legs of an equal length. Having the legs 
of an equal length, and longer than the base ; isos- 
celes. Digby. 

EQUIDISTANCE §*, e-kwe-dV-tanse. n. s. Equal 
distance or remoteness. 

EQUIDFSTANT, e-kwe-dls'-tant. n.s. [cequus and 
distantia, Lat.] Equal distanse or remoteness. Bp. 
Hall. 

EQUIDFSTANT, e-kw-e-diY-tant. a. At the same 
distance. Donne. 

EQUIDFSTANTLY, e-kwe-dls'-tant-le. ad. At the 
same distance. Brown. 

EQUIFO RMITY, e-kwe-for'-mti-te. n. s. [cequus 
and forma, Lat.] Uniform equality. Brown. 

EQUILATERAL, e-kwe-lat 7 -er-al. a. [cequus and 
lotus, Lat.] Having all sides equal. Bacon. 

EQUILATERAL*, e-kwe-lat'-er-al. n. s. A side 
exactly corresponding to others. Sir T. Herbert. 

ToEQUILFBRATE^e-kwe-ll'-brate. v. a. [equi- 
librium, Lat.] To balance equally. Boyle. 

EQUILIBRATION, e-kwe-li-bra'-shun. n. s. Equi- 
poise ; the act of keeping the balance even. Brown. 

EQUILFBRIOUS*, e-kwe-llb'-re-us. a. Equally 
poised. Glanville. 

EQJJILFBRIOUSLY*, e-kwe-lib'-re-us-le. ad. In 



EQUILIBRIST*, e-kw?l'-e-brfst. n. s. One mat 
balances a thing equally. Granger. 

EQUILFBRITY*,e-kwe-hV-re-te. n.s. Equality of 
weight. Cockeram. 

EQUILIBRIUM, e-kwe-llb'-re-flm. n.s. [Lat.] 
Equipoise ; equality of weight. Equality of evi- 
dence, motives, or powers of any kind. South, 

EQUINE CESSARY, e-kwe-nes'-ses-sar-e. a. [ce- 
quus and necessarius, Lat.] Needful in the same 
degree. Hudibras. 

EQUINO'CTIAL, e-kwe-n&k'-shal. 88. n. s. The 
line that encompasses the world at an equal dis- 
tance from either pole, to which circle when the 
sun comes, he makes equal days and nights all 
over the globe : the same with equator. 

EQUINO'CTIAL, e-kwe-n&k'-shal. a. Pertaining 
to the equinox. Milton. Happening about the 
time of the equinoxes. Being near the equinoc- 
tial line. Phillips. 

EQUINO'CTIALLY, e-kwe-n&k'-shal-e. ad. In the 
direction of the equinoctial. Brown. 

E'QUINOXfc, e'-kwe-n&ks. n. s. [cequus and nox, 



Lat.] Equinoxes are the precise times in which the 
sun enters into the first point of Aries and Libra 
for then, moving exactly under the equinoctial, he 
makes our days and nights equal. Harris. Equali- 
ty; even measure. Sliak. Equinoctial wind. 



Dryden. 
QUE 



EQUINU'MERANT, e-kwe-nu'-me-rant. a. [cequus 
and numerus, Lat.] Having the same number. 
Arbuthnot. 

To EQUIP $, e-kwip'. v. a. [equipper, Fr.] To fit a 
ship for sea. Bp. Patrick. To furnish for a horse- 
man or cavalier. To furnish; to accoutre; to 
dress out. Addison. 

E'QUlPAGE^k'-kwe-paje. 90. n.s. [equipage, Fr.] 
Furniture for a horseman. Bullokar. Carriage 
of state; vehicle. Milton. Attendance; retinue. 
Spenser. Accoutrements; furniture. Prior. 

E'QUIPAGED, ek'-kwe-paj'd. a. Accoutred; at- 
tended. Spenser. 

EQUIPENDENCY, e-kwe-pen'-den-se. n. s. [cequus 
and pendeo, Lat.] The act of hanging in equi- 
poise. South. 

EQUFPMENT, ^-kwlp'-ment. n. s. The act of equip- 
ping or accoutring. Accoutrement ; equipage. 

E'QUIPOISE, e'-kwe-poize. n.s. [cequus, Lat. and 
poids, Fr.] Equality of weight; equilibration. 
Glanville. 

EQUIPO'LLENCE, e-kwe-p6lMense. n.s. [cequus 
and pollentia, Lat.] Equality of force or power. 
Sketyon. 

$£?- The strong tendency of our language to an enclitical 
pronunciation, 513, would induce me to give the ante- 
penultimate accent to this and the following word, in 
opposition to Mr. Sheridan and others ; as no good rea- 
son can be given to the ear, why they shoold not have 
this accent, as well as equivalent] equivocal, &.c. But, 
as mquivalens and wquivocxts have the accent on the an- 
tepenultimate in Latin, and cequipollens on the penulti 
mate, and the number of syllables being the same in 
both languages, the accent is generally on the same syl- 
lable. 503. W. 

EQUIPO'LLENCY*, e-kwe-p6lMen-se. n. s. Equi- 
pollence. Paley. 

EQUIPOLLENT, e-kwe-pol'-lent. a. [cequipollens, 
Lat.] Having equal power or force. Bacon. 

EQUDPO'LLENTLY*, e-kwe-p&lMent-le. ad. E 
quivalently. Barrow. 

EQUIPONDERANCE, e-kwe-pon'-der-anse. ) 

EQUIPONDERANCY, e-kwe-p&n'-der-an-se. \ 
n. s. [cequus and pondus, Lat.] Equality of weight ; 
equipoise. Diet. 

EQUIPONDERANT, e-kwe-pdn'-der-ant. a. Be- 
ing of the same weight. Ray. 

To EQUIPONDERATE, e-kwe-p&n'-der-ate. v. n. 
To weigh equal to any thing. Wilkins. 

EQUIPONDIOUS, e-kwe-p&n'-de-fis. a. Eouili 
brated ; equal on either part. Glanville. Oh. J. 

E'QUITABLMk'-kwe-ta-bl. 405. a. [equitable, Fr.] 
Just; due to justice. Boyle. Loving justice ; can 
did ; impartial. 

E'QUITABLENESS*, ek'-kwe-ta-bl-nes. n.s. Just 
ness. Locke. 

EQUITABLY, ek'-kwe-ta-ble. ad. Justly; impar 
tially. 

EQUITATION*, ek-kwe-ta'-shan. n.s. [equitation, 
old Fr.] Riding on horseback ; management of a 
horse. Boswell. 

E'QUITY, ek'-kwe-te. n. s. [cequitas, Lat.] Justice ; 
right; honesty. Shak. Impartiality. Hooker. [In 
law.] The rules of decision observed by the court 
of chancery. Blackstone. 

EQUFVALENCE §, e-kwlv'-va-lense. ) n.s. [cequus 

EQUIVALENCY $, e-kwiv'-va-len-se. \ and valeo, 
Lat.] Equality of power or worth. Hammond. 

To EQUFVALENCE, e-kwlv'-va-lense. v. a. To 
equiponderate ; to be equal to. Broivn. 

EQUFVALENT, e-kwfv'-va-lent. a. Equal in value. 
Prior. Equal in any excellence. Milton. Equal 
in force or power. Milton. Of the same cogency 
or weight. Hooker. Of the same import or mean- 
ing. South. 

EQUFVALENT, e-kwiv'-va-lent. n. s. A thing of 
the same weight, dignity, or value. Dryden 

m 



— II 



ERE 



ERR 



— 116, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 651; — pflund; — thin, Tuis. 



EQUIVALENTLY* e-kwiv'-vn-lent-le. ad. In an 
equal manner ; equipollentlv. Skelton. 

EQIJI'VOCALS. e-kwlv'-v6-kal. a. leequiweus, 
Lat.] Of doubtful signification ; meaning differ- 
ent things. Stillingjleet. Uncertain ; doubtful. 
Morris. 

EQUFVOCAL, e-kwiv'-vo-kal. n. s. Ambiguity. 
Dennis. 

EQUI'VOCALLY, e-kwrv'-v6-kal-e. ad. Ambigu- 
ously; in a doubtful or double sense. South. By 
uncertain or irregular birth ; by generation out of 
the stated order. Bent lei/. 

EQULVOCALNESS, e-kwrv'-vi-kfd-nes. n. s. Am- 
biguity ; double meaning. Dalgarno. 

To EQUIVOCATE $, e-kwW6-kate. v. n. [asqui- 
vocatio, Lat.] To use words of double meaning ; to 
use ambiguous expressions. Dryden. 

To EQUFVOCATE^e-kwlv'-vo-kate.T'.a.To ren- 
der capable of a double interpretation. Sir G. 
Buck. 

EQUIVOCATION, e-kwiv-v6-ka'-shun. n 



Am- 



biguity of speech; double meaning. Hooker. 

iur v 



EQUI'VOCATOR, e-kwiv'-v6-ka-tur. 521. n. s. 
One who uses ambiguous language. Siutkspeare. 

E'QUIVOKE*, ek'-kwe-voke. n. & [equivoque, old 
Fr.] Equiyocation ; double meaning. B. Jonson. 
An expression where a word has at once different 
meanings; a quibble. Graves. 

E'QUIVOQUE*. See Equivoke. 

ER, a syllable in the middle of names or places, 
comes by contraction from the Saxon pap.a, dwell- 
ers. Gibson. 

ER*. A syllable at the end of a word, signifying 
the inhabitants of a place ; as, Londoner. 

E'RA, e'-ra. n. s. [cera, Lat.] The account of time 
from any particular date or epoch. Prior. 

To ERA'DIATE§*, e-ra'-de-ate. v. n. [e and radi- 
us, Lat.] To shoot like a ray. More. 

ERADIA'TION, e>-ra-de-a'-shun. 534. n. s. Emis- 
sion of radiance. K. Charles. 

To ERADICATE $, e-rad'-e-kate. v. a. [eradico, 
Lat.] To pull up by the root. Brown. To com- 
pletely destroy ; to end. Arbuthnot. 

ERADICATION, e-rad-e-ka'-shun. n.s. The act 
of tearing up by the root; destruction; excision. 
D. King. The state of being torn up by the roots. 
Brown. 

ERA'DICATIVE, e-rad'-e-ka-dv. 512. a. Curing 
radically ; driving quite away. 

ERADICATIVE*, e-rad'-e-ka-tlv. n.s. A medicine 
which cures radically. Whittock. 

To ERA'SE §, e-rase'. [See To Rase.] v. a. [raser, 
Fr.] To destroy ; so exscind. Peacham.. To ex- 
punge ; to rub out. 

ERA'SEMENT^-rase'-ment. n. s. Destruction ; de- 
vastation. Expunction; abolition. 

ERA'STIAN*, e-ras'-tshan. n. s. One of a religious 
sect, thus called from their leader, Thomas Erastus, 
whose distinguishing doctrine it was, that the church 
had no right to ^'scipline, that is, no regular power 
to excommunicate, exclude, censure, absolve, de- 
cree, or the like. Chambers. 

ERA STIANISM*, e-ras'-tshan-fzm. n. s. The doc- 
trine or principles of Erastians. Leslie. 

ERASURE*, e-ra'-zhure. n. s. Rasure. 

ERE §, are. 91 ad. [aep, Sax.] Before ; sooner than. 
Slmkspeare. 

ERE, are. prep. Before. Dry den. 

ERELO'NG, are-long 7 , ad. Before a long time had 
elapsed. Sidney. 

ERENO'W, are-nou'. ad. Before this time. Dryden. 

EREWHFLE, are-hwlle 7 . )ad. Some time ago; 

EREWHFLES, are-hwllz'. ] before a little while. 
Shakspeare. 

To ERE'CT$, e-rekt'. v. a. [erectus, Lat.] To place 
perpendicularly to the horizon. To erect a per- 
pendicular. To cross one line by another at right 
angles. To raise; to build. Gen, xxxiii. To es- 
tablish anew ; to settle. Hooker. To elevate ; to 
exalt. Dryden. To lift up. Sandys. To raise con- 
sequences from premises. Brown. To animate; 
*o encourage. Denliam. 



To ERE'CT, e-rSkt'. v. n. To rise upright. Bacon 

ERE'CT, e-r£kt'. a. Upright; not leaning; not 
prone. Brown. Directed upwards. Phillips. Bold; 
confident ; unshaken. Glanville. Vigorous ; not 
depressed. Hooker. 

ERE'CTED*, e-rel'-ted. a. Aspiring ; generous ; 
noble ; sublime. Sidney. 

ERE'CTION, e-rek'-shun. n. s. The act of raising 
or state of being raised upward. Brerewood. The 
act of building or raising edifices. Hooker. Estab 
lishment; settlement. South. Elevation; exalta 
tion of sentiments. Sidiiey. Act of rousing ; ex- 
citement to attention. Bacon. 

ERE'CTIVE*, e-rgk'-tlv. a. Raising; advancing. 
Cotgrave. 

ERE'CTNESS, e-rekt' -nes. n.s. Uprightness of pos- 
ture. Brown. 

ERE'CTOR*, c-rek'-tur. n. s. One who raises or 
constructs. W. Mountague. 

E'REMITES.er'-e-mHe. 155. n.s. [eremita, Lat.] 
One who lives in a wilderness ; one who lives in 
solitude ; a hermit. Raleigh. 

E'REMITAGE*, eV-e-m?t-aje. n.s. The residence 
of a hermit. She/ton. 

EREMITICAL, er-e-mft'-e-kal. a. Religiously soli- 
tary. Bp. Hall. 

EREPTATION, e-rep-ta'-shun. n.s.[erepto, Lat.] 
A creeping forth. Bailey. 

ERE'PTION, e-rep'-shun. n. s. A snatching or tak- 
ing away by force. Cockeram. 

To E'RGAT*, er'-gat. v. n. [ergo, Lat.] To draw 
conclusions according to the forms of logick, 
Hewyt. 

E'RGO*,h'-g6.ad. [Lat.] Therefore. A term in 
logick, denoting consequently. Arbuthnot. 

E'RGOT, er'-got. 166. n.s. A sort of stub, like a 
piece of soft horn, about the bigness of a chestnut, 
which is placed behind and below the pastern 
joint. Farrier's Diet. 

E'RGQTISM*, er'-g6-flzm. n. s. A conclusion lo- 
gically deduced. Brown. 

E'RIACH*, er'-e-ak. 71. s. [Irish.] A pecuniary fine 
Spenser. 

E'RIN*, e'-rfn. n. s. [Irish.] Ireland. Campbell. 

ERI'NGO, e-rlng'-g6. n. s. [fyvyyiov.] Sea-hollj 
A plant. Dryden. 

ERFSTICAL, e-rls'-te-kal. a. [%?.] Controversial j 
relating to dispute ; containing controversies. 

ERFSTICK* e-rls'-tfk. a. Eristical ; controversial. 
Life of Firmin. 

ERKE,erk. a. [atpybs.~\ Idle; lazy; slothful. Chau- 
cer. [An old word ; whence we now say irksome.~\ 

E'RMELIN. eV-me-lln. 71. s. An ermine. Sidney. 

E'RMINE§, eV-min. 140. n.s. [hermine, Fr.] An 
animal in cold countries, which very nearly resem- 
bles a weasel in shape ; having a "white pile, and 
the tip of the tail black, and furnishing a valuable 
fur. Diet. Trevoux. 

E'RMINED, er'-mfnd. 362. a. Clothed with ermine. 
Pope. 

E'RNE, eV-ne. ? From the Saxon epn, eapn, a cot- 

E'RON, eV-on. ) tage, or place of retirement. Gib- 
son's Camden. 

To ERO'DE §, e-rode', v. a. [erodo, Lat.] To cank- 
er, or eat away ; to corrode. Bacon. 

To E'ROGATE §#, er'-r6-gate. v. a. [erogo, Lat.] 
To bestow upon ; to give. Sir T. Elyot. 

EROGATION, er-ri-ga'-shfin, n.s. The act of giv- 
ing or bestowing ; distribution. Sir T. Elyot. 

ERO'SION, e-r6'-zh5n. 451. n. s. [erosio, Lat.] The 
act of eating away. The state of being eaten away. 
Arbuthnot. 

ERO'TICAL*,e-r6t'-e-kal. )a. [f'pwT^Sj.] Relating 

ERO'TICK*, e-rot'-lk. $ to the passion of love. 
Burton. 

To ERR §, er. v. n. [erro, Lat,] To wander 5 to ram- 
ble. Dryden. To miss the right way; to stray. 
Common Prayer. To deviate from any purpose. 
Pope. To commit errours : to mistake. Shak. 

To ERR*, er. v. a. To mislead ; to cause to err 
Burton. 

E'RRABLE. er'-ra-bl. 405. a. Liable to err, 
347 



ERU 



ESC 



\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk',— pine, pm 



E'RRABLENESS, er'-rd-bl-nes. n. s. Liableness to 
errour; liableness to mistake. Decay of Piety. 

E'RRAND, ar'-rand. [eV-rfind, Perry and Jones.] 
n.s. [sepenb, Sax.] A message; something- to 
be told or done bv a messenger ; a mandate ; a 
commission. Hooker. 

§£?* This word is generally pronounced as it is marked ; 
but might, perhaps, without pedantry, be more properly 
pronounced as it is written. W. 

E'RRANT§, eV-rant. a. [errans, Lat.] Wandering; 
roving; rambling. Brown. Vile; abandoned; 
completely bad. B. Jonson. Deviating from a cer- 
tain course. Shak. fin law.] Itinerant : applied 
to judges who go the circuit, and to bailiffs at large. 
Butler. 

D^= This word is generally pronounced exactly like ar- 
rant, when it has the same signification ; bat, when ap- 
plied to a knight, it is more correctly pronounced regu- 
larly as it is marked. W. 

E'RRANTRY, er'-rant-re. n. s. An errant state ; 
the condition of a wanderer. Addison. The em- 
ployment of a knight errant. 

ERRA'TA, er-ra'-ta. n. s. [Lat.] [The singular er- 
ratum is sometimes used.] The faults of the printer 
inserted in tne beginning or end of the book. Boyle. 

ERRA'TICAL* er-rat'-e-kal. a. Uncertain; keep- 
ing no regular order. Bp. Hall. 

ERRATICALLY, er-rat'-e-kal-e. atf. Without rule; 
without any established method or order. Brown. 

ERRA/TICK, er-rat'-ik. a. [erraticus, Lat.] Wan- 
dering ; uncertain; keeping no certain order; 
holding no established course. Blackmore. Irregu- 
lar; changeable. Harvey. 

ERRATICK*, er-rat'-lk. n. s. A rogue. Cockeram. 

ERRATION*, er-ra'-shun. n. s. A wandering to 
and fro. Cockeram. 

ERRATUM*, er-raMfim. See Errata. 

ERRHFNE, er-rlne'. n. s. [ifava.] What is snuffed 
up the nose, to occasion sneezing. Bacon. 

E'RRLNG*, eV-rlng. a. Erratick; uncertain. SJuxk. 

ERRO'NEOUS, er-^'-ne-us. a. Wandering; un- 
settled. Newton. Irregular; wandering from the 
right road. Arbuthnot. Mistaking ; misled by er- 
rour. King Charles. Mistaken ; not conformable 
to truth ; phvsically false. Hooker. 

ERRONEOUSLY, er-rd'-ne-tts-ie. ad. By mistake ; 
not rightlv. Hooker. 

ERRO'NEOUSNESS, er-ri'-ne-fis-nes. n. s. Phy- 
sical falsehood ; inconformitv to truth. Boyle. 

E'RROURf, er'-rur. 314. n.s. [error, Lat.] Mis- 
take; involuntary deviation from truth. Locke. A 
blunder; a mistake committed. Shak. Roving ex- 
cursion ; irregular course. B. Jonson. [In theolo- 
gy.] Sin. Heb. ix, [In law.] A mistake in plead- 
ing, or in the process. Cowel. 

ERS, ere, or Bitter Vetch, n. s. A plant. 

ERSE*, or EARSE*, ers. n. s. The language of 
the Highlands of Scotland, Johnson. 

ERSH* or EARSH*, ersh. n, s. The stubble after 
corn is cut. 

ERST §, erst. ad. [erst, Germ.] First. Spenser. At 
first; in the beginning. Milton. Once; when time 
was. Gay. Formerly ; long ago. Prior. Before ; 
till then ; till now. Milton. 

E'RSTWHILE*, erst'-hwlle. ad. Till then; till 
now ; aforetime. Glanville. 

ERUBE'SCENCE §, er-ru-bes'-sense. ) 510. n. s. 

ERUBE'SCENCYMr-ru-bes'-sen-se. ) [embescen- 
tia. Lat.] The act of growing red ; redness. 

ERUBE'SCENT, er-ru-bes'-sent. a. Reddish ; some- 
what red ; inclining to redness. 

To ERU'CT §, e-rukt'. v.a. [entcto, Lat.] To belch; 
to break wind from the stomach. 

To ERU'CT ATE*, e-ruk'-tate. v. a. To belch ; to 
vomit forth. Howell. 

ERUCTATION, e-rok-ta'-shun. n.s. The act of 
belching. Swift. Belch; the matter vented from 
the stomach. Arbuthnot. Any sudden burst of wind 
or matter. Woodward. 

E'RUDITES*, er-u-dlte'. [eV-u-dlt, Perry.] a. [eru- 
ditus, Lat.] Learned. Lord Chesterfield. Ccnvper. 



ERUDITION, e>-u-dish'-an.«.s. Learning ; knowl- 
edge. Sliakspeare. 

ERU'GrNOUS, e-ru'-je-nfis. a. [csruginosus, Lat.] 
Partaking of the nature of copper. Browne. 

ERUTTION§,e-rup'-shfin. n.s. [m^o,Lat.] The 
act of bursting forth. Burnet. Burst; emission. 
Bacon. Sudden excursion of a hostile kind. Milton. 
Violent exclamation. Wotton. Efflorescence ; pus- 
tules. Shakspeare. 

ERUTTrVE, e-rap'-tlv. a. Bursting forth. Thom- 
son. Exhibiting diseased eruption. Sir W. For- 
dyce. 

ERY'NGO. See Eringo. 

ERYSFPELASy, er-e-sfo'-e-las. n.s. [lovm7rt\a S .~] 
A disease which affects the skin with a sliming pale 
red, or citron colour, without pulsation or circum- 
scribed tumour; spreading from one place to ano- 
ther. Wiseman. 

ERYSIPELATOUS*, er-e-sfp'-e-la-tus. a. Having 
the nature of an ervsipelas. Bp. Berkeley. 

ESCALA'DE, es-ka-lade'. n. s. [Fr.] The act of 
scaling the walls of a fortification. Addison. 

ESCA'LOP, skol'-lup. n.s. A shellfish, whose shell 
is regularly indented. Woodward. An inequality 
of margin; indent'.ire. Ray. 

ESCAPADE, es-ka-pade'. n.s. [Fr.] Irregular 
motion of a horse. Dryden. 

To ESCATE y, e-skape'. v. a. [echaper, Fr.} To ob- 
tain exemption from ; to obtain security from ; to 
fly; to avoid. Temple. To pass unobserved by 
one. Hooker. 

To ESCATE, e-skape 7 . v.n. To fly; to get out of 
danger ; to avoid punishment. 1 Kings, xx. 

ESCATE, e-skape'. n. s. Flight; the act of getting 
out of danger. Psalm lv. Excursion; sally. Den- 
ham. [In law.] Violent or privy evasion out of 
some lawful restraint. Cowel. Excuse; subter- 
fuge ; evasion. Raleigh. Sally ; flight ; irregu- 
larity. Shak. Oversight; mistake. Brerewood. 
ESCATER*, e-ska'-pfir. n. s. One who gets out of 

danger. 
ESCA'PING*, e-ska'-ping. n.s. Avoidance of dan- 

fer. Ezra. 
CARGATO'IRE,h-]&r'-g?LA\v&r / . n.s. [Fr.] 
A nursery of snails. Addison. 

ToESCA'RP, es-karp'. v.a. [escarper, Fr.] To 
slope down. A military word. Carldon. 

ESCHAL(yT,s\&\-\b\!. n.s. [Fr,] A plant. Mor- 
timer. 

ESCHAR §, es'-kar. 353. r. s. [k-Mpa.] A hard 
crust or scar made by hot applications. Sharp. 

ESCHAROTICK, e"s-ka-rot'-?k. a. Caustick ; hav- 
ing the power to sear or burn the flesh. Greenhill. 

ESCHAROTICK, es-ka-rot'-ik. n. s. A caustick 
application. Wiseman. 

ESCHE'ATy, es-tshete'. n.s. [esclieoir, Fr.l Any 
lands, or other profits, that fall to a lord within his 
manor by forfeiture, or the death of his tenant, dy- 
ing without heir. Cowel. 

J)^" This, and the three [six] following words, not being 
derived from the learned languages, have the ch pro- 
nounced in the English manner. W. 

To ESCHE'AT, es-tshete'. v. n. To fall to the lord 

of the manor. Spenser. 
To ESCHE'AT* es-tshete'. v. a. To forfeit. Bp. 

Hall. 
ESCHE'ATABLE*, gs-tshe'-ta-bl. a. Liable to es- 
cheat. Cotgrave. 
ESCHEATAGE*, es-tshe'-taje. n.s. The right of 

succession to an escheat. Shencood. 
ESCHEATOR, es-tshe'4ar. 166. n. s. An officer 

that observes the escheats of the king in the county 

whereof he is escheator. Coivel. 
To ESCHEW, es-tsh6o'. v.a. [schomcen, Teut.] 

To fly ; to avoid ; to shun. Sidney. 

Q5= This word, from its being almost antiquated, has 
escaped the criticism of all our orthoepists, except Mr. 
Elphinston, who contends that it ought to be pro- 
nounced as if written eskew. " No wonder eskew, (ho 
says,) often falsely articulated, because falsely exhibited 
eschew, was ocularly traced from the old scheoir (after- 
wards echoir,) to devolve or escheat, rather than from 
343 



ESP 



ESS 



-no. move, nor, m\t ;— tube, tub, ball;— 61] ;— pdand;— th'm, THis. 



. s. [Fr.] The shield of the 
[FY.] Convoy; 



esquiver, to parry, avoid, or eskew, by those to whom 
;he body of the child and the soul of the parent wore 
equally unknown." The etymological abilities of this 
gentleman in the French and English languages are un- 
questionable; but the pronunciation of this word seems 
fixed to its orthography, and beyond the reacli of ety- 
mology to alter. Words, like land, have a limitation to 
*heir rights. When an orthography and pronunciation 
have obtained for a long time, though by a false title, it is 
perhaps better to leave them in quiet possession, than 
to disturb the language by an ancient, though perhaps 
better claim. W. 

ESCO'CHEOX* 
family. Warton. 

ESCORT, es'-kort. 492. n. s 
guard frornplace to place. 

To ESCORT, £s-k6rt'. v. a. To convoy. Warton. 

ESCCT, es-kdt'. n. s. [Fr.] A tax paid in boroughs 
and corporations towards the support of the com- 
munity, which is called scot and lot. 

To ESCO'T, cs-kot'. r. a. To pay a man's reckon- 
ing ; to support. Shakspeare. 

ESCO'UT^s-lMl'. Ji. s. [escouter, Fr.] Listeners 
or spies ; persons sent for intelligence. Now scoui. 
Hayicard. 

ESCRITT*, es-kript 7 . n.s. [escnpt, Fr.] A writing; 
a schedule. Cockeram. 

ESCRITO'IRE. es-kru-t6re'. n.s. [Fr.] A box 
with all the implements necessarv for writing. 

ESCUA.GE. eV-kii-aje. 90. n.s. \escu, Fr.] Escu- 
age, that is, service of the shield, is either uncer- 
tain or certain. Escuage uncertain is where the 
tenant by his tenure is bound to follow his lord. 
Another kind of escuage uncertain is called castle- 
xcard, where the tenant is bound to defend a castle. 
Escuage certain is where the tenant is set at a cer- 
tain sum of money, to be paid in lieu of such uncer- 
tain services. Cowel. 

ESCULA'PIAN* £s-ku-la'-pe-an. a. [from JEscula- 
pius.] Medical. Young. 

E'SCULENTy, eV-ku-lent. a. [esculentus, Lat.] 
Good for food ; eatable. Bacon. 

E'SCULENT, es'-ku-lent. n.s. Something fit for 
food. Bacon. 

ESCUTCHEONS, eVkfitsh'-m. 259. n. s. [Fr.] 
The shield of the family ; the ensigns armorial. 
Peacham. 

ESCU TCHEONED*, es-kfitsV-ind. a. Having an 
escutcheon or ensign. Young. 

To ESLOTN*, h-\6fa>. v. a. [esloigner, old Fr.] 
To remove ; to banish ; to wi'hdraw. Donne. 

ESO'PIAN*, e-so'-pe-an. a. [from ^Esop.] Applied 
generally to fables and compilations like those 
which are attributed to JSsop. Warton. 

ESOTE'RICKS*, es-o-ler'-ik. a. [esotericus, Lat.] 
Secret ; mysterious. A term applied to the double 
doctrine of the ancient philosophers : the publick, 
or exoterick ; the secret, or esoterick. Chambers. 

E'SOTERY* es'-6-ter-e. n.s. Mystery; secrecy. 
Search. 

ESPALIER, es-pal'-yer. 113. n. s [espallier, Fr.] 
A tree planted and cut so as to join oihers. Evelyn. 

To ESPA'LIER*, es-pal'-yer. v. a. To plant and 
cut trees so as to form espaliers. 

ESPA'RCET, es-pari-set. n. s. A kind of saint-foin. 
Mortimer. 

ESPE'CIAL §, e-spesh'-al. a. [specialis, Lat.] Princi- 
pal ; chief. Daniel. 

ESFE'CIAL«r,e-spesh'-al-e. ad. Principally; chief- 
ly; particularly. Hjoker. 

ESPE'CIALNESS*, e-spesh'-al-ngs. n. s. State of 
being' especial. Loe. 

E'SPERANCE, gs-pe-ranse'. n. s. [Fr.] Hope. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

ESPIAL, e-spl'-al.rc.s. [espkr, Fr.] A spy. Sir T. 
Ehjot. Observation ; detection ; discovery. Sir 
T. Elyot. Oh. J. 

ESPFER*, e-spl'-ur. n. s. One who watches like a 
spv. Harmar. 

E'SPINEL*, eV-pe-nel. n.s. [espinelle, Fr.] A kind 

ofrubv. Cot°rrave. 
ESPIONAGE*, es^pe-6-nadje. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of procuring and giving intelligence. 



ESPLANA'DE, es-pla-nade'. n. s. The empty 
space between the glacis of a citadel and the first 
houses of the town. Hariis. [In modern garden 

Adoption; protec 



ing.l A grass-plot. 



ESPOUSAL*. e-spfiu'-zaJ. n. 
lion. Ld. Orford. 

ESPO'USAL, e-spd&'-zal. a. Used in the act of 
espousing or betrothing.^ Bacon. 

ESPO'USALS, e-sp6u -zals. n. s. without a singular. 
[sponsalia, Lat.] The act of contracting or affianc- 
ing a man and woman to each other. Jerem. ii. 

To ESPOTJSES, e-spouze'. v, a. [esponser, Fr.] To 
contract or betroth to another. 2 Sam. iii. To 
marry ; to wed. Tit. Andronicus. To adopt ; to 
take to himself. Bacon. To maintain ; to defend. 
Druden. 

ESPO'USER*, e-sp6iV-zur. n. s One who main- 
tains or defends a point. Allen. 

To ESPY 7 §, e-spl'. v.n. [espier, Fr.] To see things 
at a distance. Hooker. To discover a thing in- 
tended to be hid. Sidney. To see unexpectedly. 
Gen. xlii. To discover as a spv. Jos. xiv. 

To ESPY/, e-spl'. v. n. To watch ; to look about. 
Jer. xlvii. 

ESPY'*, e-spl'. n. s. A scout; a spy. Huloet 
Ob. T. 

ESQUFRE§, e-skwire 7 . n.s. [escuier, Fr.] The ar- 
mour-bearer or attendant on a knight. Toiler. A 
title of dignity, and next in degree below a knight. 
Blount. 

To ESQUFRE*, e-skwlre'. v. a. To attend «s an 
esquire. 

To ESSA'Y§, es-sa'. v. a. [essayer, FrJ To attempt ; 
to try ; lo endeavour. Blackmore. To make ex- 
periment of. To try the value and purity of metals 
Locke. 

E'SSAY, eV-sa. 492. n. s. Attempt; endeavour. 
Smith. A loose sally of the mind ; an irregular, 
indigested piece. Bacon. A trial ; an experiment, 
Glanville. First taste of any thing. Dryden. [In 
metallurgy.] The proof of the purity and value of 
metals. 

E'SSAYER* es-sa'-ur, or es'-sa-ur. n. s. One who 
writes essavs. Addison. 

E'SSAYIST*, h-sk'-hi. [eV-sa-ist, Perry.] n. s. A 
writer of essavs. B.Jonson. 

ESSENCE §, "eV-sense. n. s. [essentia, Lat.] The 
nature of any being, whether it be actually exist- 
ing or not. Watts. Formal existence; that which 
makes any thing to be what it is. Hooker. Exist- 
ence ; the quality of being. Sidney. Being^ : ex- 
istent person. Milton. Species of existent being. 
Bacon. Constituent substance. Milton. The 
cause of existence. Sliak. [In medicine.} The 
chief properties or virtues of any simple, or com 
position, collected in a narrow compass. Perfamej 
odour; scent. Pope. 

To ESSENCE, eV-sense. v. a. To perfume ; to scent. 
Addison. 

ESSE'NES*, eVseenz'. n. s. [Esseni, Lat.] Certain 
religious men, among the Jews, who lived a very 
strct life, abstaining from wine, flesh, and women 
Bp. Percy. 

ESSENTIALS, es-sen'-shaJ. a. Necessary to (he 
constitution or existence of any thing. Bacon. Im- 
portant in the highest degree"; principal. Denham. 
Pure; highly rectifi u; subtilely elaborated. Ar- 
buthnot. 

£Cf What has been observed of the word efface is appli- 
cable to this word: the same reasons have induced me 
to differ from Mr. Sheridan in the division of especial y 
espousal, establish,&cc.,a.s I have no doubt, in words of 
this form, where the two first consonants are combina- 
ble, that they both go to the second syllable, and leave 
the vowel in the first long and open. W. 

ESSENTIAL, cs-sen'-shal. n.s. Existence; being. 
Milton. Nature; first or constituent principles. 
South. The chief point. Mountogu. 

ESSENTIALITY*, es-sen-she-al'-e-te. njs. Nature ; 
first or constituent principles. Swift. 

ESSENTIALLY, es-sen'-shal-^. ad. By the con- 
stitution of nature; reallv. Shakspeare. 
349 



EST 



ETE 



O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mh ;— pine, pin ; 



To ESSENTIATE*, es-sen'-she-ate. v.n. To be- 
come of the same essence. B. Jonson. 
ESSO'INf, Ss-sMn'. n. s. [essonie. Fr.] He that has 
his presence forborn or excused upon any just 
cause ; as sickness. Allegement of an excuse for 
him that is summoned, or sought for, to appear. 
Cowel. Excuse; exemption. Spenser. 
To ESSOIN*, es-s6In'. v. a. To excuse ; to release. 

Quarles. 
ESSO'INER*, es-soln'-fir. n. s. An attorney who suf- 
ficiently excuses the absence of another. Cotgrave. 
To ESTABLISH §, e-stabMlsh. v. a. [etahlir, Fr.] 
To settle firmly ; to fix unalterably. Deut. xxix. 
To settle in any privilege or possession. Swift. 
To make firm 5 to ratify. Numbers, xxx. To fix or 
settle in an opinion. Acts, xvi. To form or model. 
Clarendon. To found ; to build firmly ; to fix im- 
movably. Ps. xxiv. To make a settlement of 
any inheritance. Shakspeare. 
ESTA'BLISHER, e-stabM?sh-ur. n.s. He who es- 
tablishes. Hooker. 
ESTABLISHMENT, e-stabM?sh-ment. n. s. Set- 
tlement; fixed state. Spenser. Confirmation of 
something already done ; ratification. Bacon. 
Settled regulation ; form ; model of a government 
or family. Spenser. Foundation ; fundamental 
principle. Atterbury. Allowance ; income ; sala- 
ry. Swift. Settled or final rest. Wake. 
ESTAFE'T*, es-ta-fet'. n. s. [estafetd, Span.] A 

military courier. Boolhby. 
ESTATES, e-state'. n. s. [estat, Fr.] The general 
interest ; the publick. Bacon. Condition of life. 
Dryden. Circumstances in general. Locke. For- 
tune ; possession, in land. Sidney. Rank ; quality. 
Sidney, A person of high rank. St. Mark, vi. 
To ESTATE, e-state'. v. a. To settle as a fortune. 

Shaksyieare. To establish ; to fix. Pearson. 
To ESTEEM §, e-steem'. v. a. [cestimo, Lat.] To 
set a value, whether high or low, upon any thing. 
Spenser. To compare ; to estimate by proportion. 
Davies. To prize ; to rate high; to regard with 
reverence, Dryden. To ho.d 111 opinion; to think. 
Rom. xiv. 
To ESTE'EM, e-steem 7 . v. n. To consider as to 

value. Spenser. 
ESTE'EM, e-steem'. n. s. High value ; reverential 
regard, Dryden. Reckoning ; estimate ; account. 
Shakspeare. 
ESTE'EMABLE*, e-steem'-a-bl. a. That may be 

esteemed. Pope. 
ESTE'EMER, e-steem'-ur. n.s. One that highly 
values ; one that sets a high rate upon any thing. 
L. Addison. 
E'STIMABLE§,es'-te-ma-bl.405. a. [Fr.] Valua- 
ble; worth a large price. Shak. Worthy of es- 
teem ; worthy of honour and respect. Temple. 
E'STJMABLE*, eV-te-ma-bl. n. s. That which is 
worthy of particular notice and regard. Sir T. 
Brown. 
E'STIMABLENESS, es'-te-ma-bl-nes. n.s. The 

quality of deserving regard. 
To ESTIMATE §, es'-te-mate. v. a. [cestimo, Lat.] 
To rate ; to adjust the value of; to judge of any 
thing by its proportion to something else. Lev. 
xxvii. To calculate ; to compute. 
E'STIMATE, eV-te-mate. 91. n. s. Computation ; 
calculation. Woodward. Value. Shak. Valua- 
tion ; assignment of proportional value ; compara- 
tive judgement. Addison, 
ESTIMATION, gs-te-ma'-sbun. n.s. The act of ad- 
justing proportional value. Levit. Calculation ; 
computation. Opinion ; judgement. Bacon. Es- 
teem ; regard ; honour. Hooker. 
E'STIMATIVE, eV-te-ma-tfv. 512. ad. Having the 
power of comparing and adjusting the preference. 
Hale. Imaginative. Sir C. Wandesforde. 
ESTIMATOR, es'-te-ma-tur. 521. n.s. A valuer; 
an esteemer of things. Cotgrave. A settler of 
rates ; a computist. 
E'STIVAL, eV-te-val. 88. a. [cestivus, Lat.] Per- 
taining to the summer. Gayton. Continuing for 
the summer. Sir T. Brown. 



To E'STIVATE§*,es'-te-vate. v.n. To pass the 
summer in a place. Cockeram. 

ESTIVATION, es-te-va'-sh&n. n. s, A place in 
which to pass the time of summer. Bacon. 

ESTO'PEL, &-t6p'-eL n. s. Such an act as bars 
any legal process. 

ESTOPPED*, es-t6pt'. a. Under an estopel. 
Hale. 

ESTO'VERS, Ss-t6'-vurz. n. s. Necessaries allowed 
by law. Blackstone. 

ESTRA'DE, es-trade'. n.s. [Fr.] An even or level 
space. Diet. 

To ESTRA'NGE§, e-stranje'. v. a. [estranger, Fr.] 
To keep at a distance ; to withdraw. Hooker. To 
alienate; to divert from its original use or posses- 
sor. Jer. xix. To alienate from affection. Ezek. 
xiv. To withdraw or withhold. Psalm lxxviii. 

ESTRANGEMENT, e-stranje'-ment. n. s. Aliena- 
tion ; distance ; removal. South. 

ESTRAPADE, es-tra-pade'. n. s. [Fr.] The de- 
fence of a horse that will not obey, who rises 
mightilv before, and yerks furiously with his hind 
legs. Earner's Diet. 

ToESTRA'YS*, h-trk'. v.n. [estraier, Fr.] To 
stray ; to wander. Daniel. 

ESTRA'Y*, es-tra'. n.s. A creature wandered be- 
yond its limits ; astray. Coivel. 

ESTRE'AT§,es-treet'. n.s. [extractum, Lat.] The 
true copy of an original writing. Cowel. 

To ESTRE'AT*, £s-treet'. v. a. To extract ; to 
take from, by way of fine. Boyle. [In law.] To 
extract a copy of a writing. 

ESTRE'PEMENT, e-streep'-ment. n. s. [estrepier, 
Fr.] Spoil made by the tenant for term of life upon 
any lands or woods. Cowel. 

E'STRICH, eV-trJtsh. n. s. [commonly written os- 
trich.] The largest of birds. Shakspeare. 

E'STRIDGE*. See Estrich. 

E'STUANCE, es'-tshu-anse. n. s. Heat 5 warmth 
Brown. 

E'STUARY, es'-tshu-a-re. 461. n. s. [cestuarium, 
Lat.] An arm of the sea ; the mouth of a lake or 
river in which the tide reciprocates ; a frith. Gil- 
pin. 

To E'STUATE§, es'-tshu-ate. 91. v. n. [cestuo, Lat.] 
To swell and fall reciprocally ; to boil. Cockeram. 

ESTUATION, es-tshu-a'-shun. n. s. The state of 
boiling ; reciprocation of rise and fall ; agitation ; 
commotion. Brown. 

E'STURE, es'-tshure. n. s. Violence ; commotion. 
Chapman. 

ESU'RIENT, e-zu'-re-ent. 479. a. {esuriens, Lat.] 
Hungry ; voracious. Diet. 

E'SURlNE, ezh'-u-rlne. 479. a. [esurio, Lat.] Cor- 
roding; eating. Wiseman. 

ET CyETERA*, et-set'-e-ra. [Lat J A common 
expression denoting others of the like kind, or tJie 
rest, or so on. Coivley. 

ETC. A contraction of the above. 
To ETCH §, etsh. v. a. [etzen, Germ.] A way used 
in the making of prints, by drawing with a proper 
needle upon a copper-plate, covered over with a 
ground of wax, &c, and well blacked with the 
smoke of a link, in order to take off the figure of 
the drawing ; which, having its back-side tinctured 
with whitehead, will, by running over thestrucken 
outlines with a stift, impress the exa^figure on the 
black or red ground ; which figures afterwards 
with needles drawn deeper quite through the 
ground ; and then there is poured onwell-temperea 
aquafortis, which eats into the figure or drawing 
on the copper-plate. Harris To sketch ; to draw ; 
to delineate. Locke. To rtu.ve forwards towards 
one side. Ray. 
To ETCH, e«sh. v.n. To practise etching. 

ETCH, etsh. \ n. s. Ground from which a crop 

EDDISH, ed'-dlsh. ] has been taken. Mortimer. 
ETCHING*, gtsh'-lng. n. s. An impression of a 
copper- pi ate, taken after the manner described in 
the verb to etch. 
ETEO'STlCK*,et-£-&s'-tlk.rc.s. [f'rtof and <rn^ f .] 
A chronogrammatical composition. B. Jonson. 



ETY 



EUR 



-116, mflve, n6r, n6t ;— tube, t&b, bull 5 — 611 ;— pound ;— Ih'm, THis. 



ETE'RNAL, e-teV-nal. a. [cetemus. Lat.] Willioul 
beginning or end. Deut. xxxiii. Without begin- 
ning. lAKke. Without end ; endless. Shak. Per- 
petual ; constant ; unintermitting. Dryden. Un- 
changeable. Dryden. 

ETE'RNAL $, e-ter'-nal. n. s. [etemel, Fr.] One of 
the appellations of the Godhead. Hooker. That 
which is endless and immortal Young. 

ETE'RNALIST, e-ter'-iml-list. n. s. One that holds 
the past existence of the world infinite. Burnet. 

To ETE'RNALIZE, e-ter'-nai-llze. v, a. To make 
eternal. Diet. 

ETE RN ALLY, e-teV-nal-le. ad. Without beginning 
or end. Unchangeably ; invariably. South. Per- 

fetuallv; without intermission. Addison. 
E'RNE, e-teVn'. a. Eternal ; perpetual ; endless. 
Gower. 

To ETERNIFY*, e-teV-ne-fi. v. a. To make fa- 
mous ; to immortalize. Mirror for Magistrates. 

ETE'RNTTY, e-leV-ne-te. n. s. [cetemitas, Lat.] 
Duration without beginning or end. Crasluxw. Du- 
ration without end. Milton. 

To ETERNIZE, e-teV-nlze. v. a. To make end- 
less; to perpetuate. Milton. To make for ever fa- 
mous; to immortalize. Sidney. 

ETESIAN*, e-te'-zhe-an. a. *[ £ T>}<nos.l Applied to 
such winds as blow at slated times of the year, from 
what part soever of the compass they come, such 
as our seamen call monsoons and trade-winds. 

ETHE*. a. [eao\ Sax.] Easy. Chaucer. See Eath. 

ETHEL*, a. [eSel, Sax.] Noble. 

ETHERS, e'-tfter. n. s. [cetlier, Lat.] An element 
more fine and subtile than air ; air refined or sub- 
limed. Newton. The matter of the highest regions 
above. Dryden. 

ETHE'REAL, e-^e'-re-al. 88. a. Formed of ether. 
Dryden. Celestial ; heavenly. Milton. 

ETHE'REOUS, e-Z/ie'-re-us. a. Formed of ether ; 
heavenly. Milton. 

ETHICAL §, M'-e-kal. 88. a. [SjdiKos.'] Moral; 
treating on morality. Dr. Warton. 

E'THICALLY, e*/i v -e-kal-le. ad. According to the 
doctrines of morality. Government of the Tongue. 

E'THICK, eW-lk. a. Moral ; delivering precepts of 
morality. Pope. 

ETHICKS, kh'-lks. n. s. [without the singular.] 
The doctrine of morality; a system of morality. 
Bacon. 

E'THIOP*, e'-the-bp. n. s. A native of Ethiopia ; a 
blackamoor. Shakspeare. 

ETHIOPS-MINERAL*. See yETHiops-MiNERAL. 

ETHMOIDAL* &/i-m6e'-dal. a. [from ethmoides.] 
The denomination given to one of the sutures ot 
the human cranium. Cliamhers. 

ETHMOIDES*, &/i-m6e'-dez. n. s. [,^i ff and 
£?&>$.] The name of a bone situate in the middle of 
the basis of the forehead or os frontis, filling almost 
the whole cavity of the nostrils. Cliambers. 

E'THNICAL§*, M'-ne-kal. a. [JtOviicos.] Heathen ; 
pagan. Medc. 

E'THNTCISM*, eth'-ne-slzm. n. s. Heathenism ; 
paganism. B. Jonson. 

E'THNTCK, &/i'-nIk. a. Heathen ; pagan. Govern- 
ment of the Tongue. 

E'THNICKS, eW-nfks. n. s. Heathens. Raleigh. 

ETHOLO'GICAL, &/!-6-l6dje'-e-k£l. 530. a. [r,Qo<; 
and \6yo;.\ Treating of morality. 

ETIO'LOGllft-te-oA-je. n.s. [&i T ib\oyia.] An ac- 
count of .the causes of any thing. Arbuthnot. 

ETIQUETTE*, et-e-kef. 415. n.s. [Fr.] Cere- 
mony. Swinburne. 

ETUI*, et-wee'. n.s. [Fr.] A case for tweezers 

and such instruments. Slienstone. 
To E'TTLE*, el'-tl. v. n. [eblean, Sax.] To earn 
by working. Boucher. 

E'TTIN*, et'-tln. n. s. A giant. Beaum. and Fl. 
ETYMOLOGER*, et-e-moF-6-jfir. n.s. An etymol- 
ogist. Dr. Griffith. 
ETYMOLOGICAL, et-e-m6-l6dje'-e-kal. a. Relat- 
ing to etymology. Locke. 
ETYMOLO / GICALLY*,et-e-m6-l6dje'-e-kal-le.a^. 
According to etymology. 



ETYMO'LOGIST, et-e-m&l'-6-j?st. n. s. One who 

searches out the original of words. Fuller. 
To ETYMO'LOGIZE*, et-e-m6l'-6-jIze. v. a. To 

five the etymology of a word. Chaucer. 
YMO'LOGY$, Ct-e-m61 / -6-je. n.s. [m^os and 
\6yos.] The descent or derivation of a word from 
its original; the deduction of formations from the 
radical word. Harvey. The part of grammar 
which delivers the inflections of nouns and verbs. 

E'TYMON, eY-e-m&n. 71. s. [m^oj/.] Origin; primi- 
tive word. Peacham. 

EU'CHARIST§, yu'-ka-rist. 353. n.s. [™x« P «<ma.] 
The act of giving thanks ; the sacramental act in 
which the death of our Redeemer is commemorat- 
ed with a thankful remembrance ; the sacrament 
of the Lord's supper. Hooker. 

EUCHAR1ST1CAL, yu-ka-r?s'-te-kal. a. Contain- 
ing acts of thanksgiving. Brown. Relating to the 
sacrament of the supper of the Lord. Bp. Hall. 

EUCHARl'STICK*, yu-ka-rls'-tik. a. Relating to 
the sacrament of the supper of the Lord. More. 

EUCHO'LOGY, yu-koF-6-je. n.s. [iv X o\vyiov.-\ A 
formulary of prayers. Bp. Bull. 

EU CHYMY*, yu'-ke-me. n. s. [iyxv^a.'] A good 
temper of the blood, and other juices in the body. 

EU CRASY, yu'-kra-se. n.s. [ivupaota.] An agreea- 
ble, well-proportioned mixture of qualities, where- 
by a body is said to be in a good state of health Bp, 
Reynolds. 

EUDIO'METER*, yu-de^m'-e-tfir. n. s. [eCiios and 
jxirpov.] An instrument to determine the salubrity 
of the air. 

EU'GE*, yiV-je. n.s. [Lat.] Commendation ; ap- 
plause. Hammond. 

EUGH, y66. n. s. A tree; a yew. Dryden. 

EULO'GICAL* yu-lodje'-e-kal. a. Commendatory 
containing praise. 

EULO'GICALLY*, yu-l&dje'-e-kal-le. ad. In a man- 
ner which conveys encomium or praise. Sir T. 
Herbert. 

To EULOGIZE* yuM6-jlze. t\ a. To commend j 
to praise. Huddesford. 

EU'LOGYS. yuMo-je. )n.s. [h and Xtyo? .J 

EULO'GlUMf, yu-lo'-je-fim. 3 Praise; encomium 5 
panegyrick. Spenser. 

EU 7 NUCH§, yu'-nuk. n.s. [dvovxos.] One that is 
castrated. Bacon. 

To EU'NUCH*, yu'-nuk. v. a. To make a eunuch. 
Creech. 

To EU'NUCHATE, yu'-nu-kate. v. a. To make a 
eunuch. Brown. 

EUNUCHISM*, yu'-nu-kfzm. n. s. The state of a 
eunuch. Bp. Hall. 

E UO'NYMUS*, yu-on'-e-m&s. n. s. [Lat.] A shrub 
called spindle-tree. Monck Mason. 

EU'PATHY*, yu'-pa-tfie. n. s. [cviraOcia.] A right 
feeling. Harris. 

EU'PATORY, yu'-pa-tur-e. n. s. [eupatorium, Lat.] 
A plant. 

EU'PEPSYt, yu'-pep-se. n.s. A good concoction, 
an easy digestion. 

EUPE'PTICKt, yu-pep'-tlk. a. Easy of digestion. 

EU'PHEMISM*, yu'-fe-m?zm. n. s, [eii^icpo*.] [In 
rhetorick.l A way of describing an offensive thing 
by an inoffensive expression. 

EUPHO'NICAL, yu-f'6n'-e-kal. a. Sounding agree- 
ably. Diet. 

EU'PHONY$ r yu'-f6-ne. n.s. [Ju^covm.] An agreea- 
ble sound; the contrary to harshness. Dalgarno. 

EUPHO'RBIUM, yu-ffir'-be-um. n.s. [Lat.] A 
plant. A gum resin, used medicinally in sinapisms. 
Hill. 

EU'PHRASY, yiV-fra-se. 92. n. s. [euphrasia s Lat.] 
The herb eye-bright. Milton. 

EU'RIPUS*, yu-rl'-pus. n. s. [Lat.] Any strait, 
where the water is in much agitation ; from the an- 
cient frith between Bceotia and Euboea, called Eu- 
ripus. Burke. 

EURO'CLYDON.yu-rokMe-d&n. n.s. [ivpoKUSmv. • 
A wind which blows between the east and north 
and is very dangerous in the Mediterranean. Acts. 
xxvii. 

351 



EVA 



EVE 



Q~T 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, D?n 



EUROPE'A^yu-ro-pe'-an.a. [Europceus, Lat.] Be- 
longing to Europe. Wa//e/\ 

D3r This word, according to the analogy of our own lan- 
guage, ought certainly to have the accent on the second 
syllable ; and tins is the pronunciation which unletter- 
ed speakers constantly adopt ; but the learned, ashamed 
•of the analogies of their own tongue, always place the 
accent on the third syllable, because Europeans has the 
penultimate long, and is therefore accented in Latin. 
Epicurean has the accent on the same syllable by the 
same rule; while Herculean and cerulean submit to 
English analogy, and have the accent, on the second syl- 
lable, because their penultimate in Latin is short. W. 

EU'RUS, yu'-ms. n. s. [Lat.] The east wind. 
Peacham. 

EU'RYTHMY, yu'-rM-me. n. s. [ivou9^o S Jl Har- 
mony ; regular and symmetrical measure. Evelyn. 

EUSE'BIAN*, yu-se'-be-an. n. s. An Arian; so cal- 
led, from Eusebius, bishop of Cesarea, who fa- 
voured the Arians. Whiston. 

EU'STYLE*, yu'-stlle. n. s. [h and ctv\o S .] [In ar- 
chitecture.] The position of columns in an edifice 
at a most convenient and graceful distance one 
from another. 

EUTHANASIA, yii-thkn-k'-zhk-k ) 453. n. s. 

EUTHA'NASY, yu-tfian'-a-se. 92. ] [ivOavada.] 
An easy death. Bp. Hall. 

D^jT Of the accent of the first of these words, there can be 
no dispute ; but as the last is anglicised, its accent ad- 
mits of some diversity of opinion. Mr. feheridan, Dr. 
Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Entick,. Barclay, Bailey, and the first 
editions of Dr. Johnson, accent the last of these words 
on the antepenultimate; but the quarto edition of John- 
son on the penultimate: I suspect, however, if we were 
strictly to follow our own analogy, that we ought to 
place tho accent on the first syllable ; for, as this termi- 
nation is not enclitical, 513, it seems to be under the 
same predicament as academy, irreparable, Sec. which 
see. W. 

EUTY'CHIAN* yu-uV-e-an. n. s. One of those an- 
cient hereticks, who denied the two natures of our 
Lord Christ; so called from their founder Eutyches. 
Burnet. 

EUTY'CHIAN* yu-tik'-e-an. a. Denoting the here- 
ticks called Eutychiaus. Tillotson. 

To EVA'CATE, e-va'-kate. i\ a. [vaco, Lat.] To 
empty out ; to throw out. Harvey. 

To EVALUATES, e-vak'-u-ate. v. a. [evacuo, Lat.] 
To make empty ; to clear. Hooker. To throw out 
•as noxious, or offensive. South. To void by any 
of the excretory passages. Arbuthnot. To make 
void ; to nullify. Bacon. To quit ; to withdraw 
from out of a place. Swift. 

To EVALUATE*, e-vak'-u-ate. v. n. To let blood. 
Barton. 

EVA'CUANT, 6-vak'-u-ant. n. s. Medicine that pro- 
cures evacuation by any passage. 

EVACUA'TION, e-vak-u-a'-shun. n. s. Such emis- 
sions as lejsute a vacancy; discharge. Hale. Abo- 
lition ; nullification. Hooker. The practice of 
emptying the body by physick. Temple. Dis- 
charges of the body by any vent, natural or arti- 
ficial. A withdrawing from out of a place, some- 
times by treaty, sometimes by necessity. A milita- 
ry expression. 

EVA/CUATIVE*, e-vak'-u-a-tlv. a. Purgative. Cot- 

frave. 
A'CUATOR*, e-vak'-u-a-tur. n. s. One who 
makes void, or annuls. Hammond. 

To EVA'DE $, e-vade/. v. a. [evado, Lat.] To elude ; 
to escape by artifice or stratagem. Slutkspeare. To 
avoid ; to decline by subterfuge. Dnjden. To es- 
cape or elude by sophistry. Stillingjleet. To es- 
cape as imperceptible or unconquerable. South. 

To EVA'DE, e-vade'. i\ n. To escape ; to slip away. 
Bacon. To practise sophistry or evasions. Soutfi. 

EVAGA'TION, £v-a-ga ; -shun. n. s. [evagor, Lat.] 
The act of wandering ; excursion ; ramble ; devia- 
tion. Sir H. Wotton. 

$£j* I am well aware, that this and the two following 
words [evanescent and evangelical] are often, by good 
speakers, pronounced with the e in the first syllable long 
and open; but I think contrary to that correctness 
which arises from general analogy. 530. W. 



E'VAL*, e'-val. a. [cevum, Lat.] Respecting the du 
ration of time. Letter to the Ahp. of Canterbury . 

EVANESCENCE $*, ev-a-nes'-sense. n.s. [evanes 
cens, Lat.] Disappearance ; end of appearance. 
Rambler. 

EVANE'SCENT, ev-a-nes'-sent. a. Vanishing ; im- 
perceptible ; lessening beyond the perception of the 
senses. Arbuthnot. 

EVA'NGELS*, e-van'-jel n.s. [ivayyftiov.] The 
Gospel; good tidings. Chaucer. 

EVANGE'LICAL, ev-an-jel'-e-kal. a. Agreeable to 
Gospel ; consonant to the Christian law revealed in 
the holv Gospel. Atlerbury. Contained in the Gos- 
pel. Hooker. 

EVANGE'LICALLY*. ev-an-jel'-e-kal-le. ad. Ac 
cording to the revelation of the Gospel. Bp. Bar- 
low. 

EVANGE'LICK*, ev-an-jel'-flc. a. Consonant to the 
doctrine of the Gospel. Milton. 

EVA'NGELISM, e-van'-je-lizm. n. s. The promul- 
gation of the blessed Gospel. Bacon. 

EVA'NGELIST, e-van'-je-tfst. n. s. [hayye\o S .] A 
writer of the history of our Lord Jesus. Addison. 
A promulgator of the Christian laws. Decay cf 
Piety. 

EVA'NGELISTARY* e-van'-je-hVta-re. n. s. A 
selection from the Gospels, to be read, as a lesson, 
in divine service. Gregory. 

To EVA'NGELIZE, e-van'-je-llze. v. a. To instruct 
in the Gospel, or law of Jesus. Milton. 

EVA'NGELY, e-van'-je-le. n. s. Good tidings ; the 
message of pardon and salvation ; the holy Gospel ; 
the Gospel of Jesus. Spenser. 

EVA'NID$, e-van'-ld. a. [evanidus, Lat.] Faint, 
weak ; evanescent. Bacon. 

To EVA'NISH, e-van'-lsh. ?>. n. [evanesco, Lat.] To 
vanish ; to escape from notice or perception. Drum- 
mond. 

EVATORABLE, e-vap'-6-ra-bl. 405. a. Easily dis- 
sipated in fumes or vapours. Grew. 

To EVA'PORATE $, e-vap'-6-rate. 91. v. n. [evaporo, 
Lat.] To fly away in vapours or fumes ; to waste 
insensibly as a volatile spirit. Boyle. 

To EVA'PORATE, e-vap'-6-rate. v. a. To drive 
away in fumes ; to disperse in vapours. Bentley. 
To give vent to ; to let out in ebullition or sallies. 
Wotton. 

EVA'PORATE*, e-vap'-6-rate. a. Dispersed in va- 
pour. Thomson. 

EVAPORATION, e-vap-i-ra'-shun. n. s. The act 
of flying away in fumes or vapours ; vent ; discharge. 
Howell. The act of attenuating matter, so as to 
make it fume away. Raleigh. [In pharmacy.] An 
operation by which liquids are spent or driven 
away in streams, so as to leave some part stronger, 
or of a higher consistence than before. Quincy. 

EVA'SIONJ, e-va'-zhun. 49. n. s.[_erasum r Lat.] Ex- 
cuse ; subterfuge ; sophistry ; artifice. M'.i. in. 

EVA'SPVE, e-va'-siv.. 158, 428. a. Practising eva- 
sion ; elusive. Pope. Containing an evasion ; so- 
phistical. Bp. Berkeley. 

EVA'SPv'ELY, e-va'-siv-le. a. By evasion ; elusive- 
ly; sophistically. Bryant. 

EVF/CTION*, e-vek'-shun. n. s. [eveho, Lat.] Ex- 
altation. Pearson. 

EVE, eve. >n.s. [seren, Sax.] The close of the 

E'VEN, e'-vn. ) day. Exodus, xvi.Mttie vigil or fast 
to be observed before a holiday. Dwppa. 

E'VEN §, e'-vn. 103. a. [epen,euen, Sax.] Level; not 
ragged ; not unequal. Dryden. Uniform ; equal tc it- 
self. Prior. Level with ; parallel to. Exoaus. Not 
having inclination any way. Shak. Not having 
any part higher or lower than the other. Dairies. 
Equal on both sides; fair. Milton. Without any 
thing owed, either good or ill ; out of debt. Shak. 
Calm ; not subject to elevation or depression ; not 
uncertain. Pope. Capable to be divided into equal 
parts ; not odd. Bp. Taylor. 

To E'VEN, e'-vn. v. a. To make even. Stanyhurst. 
To make ouj of debt. Shak. To level ; to make 
level. Raleigh. 

To E'VEN, e'-vn. v. n. To be equal to. Carew. Ob. J. 
352 



EVE 



EVI 



-no, move, nor, not;— tube, tftb, bull ;— oil;— pdund;— tlim, THis. 



E'VEN, e'-vii. ad. A word of strong assertion ; verily. 
Spenser. Notwithstanding. Dryden. Likewise : 
not only so, but also. Haider. So much as. Swift. 
A word of exaggeration in which a secret compari- 
son is implied : as, even the great, that is, (lie great 
like the mean. Drijden. A term of concession. Col- 
lier. 
To EVE'NE*, e-veon'. v. n. [evenio, Lat.] To hap- 
pen; to come to pass. Hewijt. 
EYENER*, e'-vn-ftr. n. s. One that reconciles or 

makes even. Warton. 
E'VENHAND* e'-vn-hand. n. s. Parity of rank or 

degree. Bacon. 
E'VENHANDED, e'-vn-hnn'-d&l. a. Impartial; 

equitable. Slialcspeare. 
E'VENING, e'-vn-ing. n.s. [aepen, Sax.] The close 
of the day ; the beginning of night. Watts. The 
latter end of life. Lord Cuirendon. 
E'VENING*, e'-vn-fng. a. Being toward the close of 

the day. Psalm cxli. 
EVENING-STAR*, e'-vn-?ng-star'. n.s. The Ves- 
per, or Hesperus, of the ancients. Milton. 
EVEN L V, e^-vn-le. ad. Equally ; uniformly. Bentley. 
Le^elly; without asperities. Wbtton. Without in- 
clination to either side ; horizontally. Brerewood. 
Impartially; without favour or enmity. 
L~ VENNESS, e'-vn-ues. n. s. State of being even. 
B. Jonson. Uniformity ; regularity. Grew. Equali- 
ty of surface ; levelness. I reedom from inclination 
to either side. Hooker. Impartiality; equal re- 
spect. Calmness; freedom from perturbation; equa- 
nimity. Sp?-at. Alterbury. 
E'VENSONG. e'-vn-song. n. s. The form of worship 
used in the evening. Milton. The evening; the 
close of the day. Dn^ien. 
EVENTIDE, e'-vn-tlde. n. s. The lime of evening. 

Genesis, xxiv. 
EVE NT §, e-vent'. 7i.s. [event.us, Lat.] An incident; 
any thing that happens, good or bad. Reel. ix. 
The consequence of an action; the conclusion; the 
upshot. Dryden. 
To EVE'NT*, e-vent/. v. n. To break forth. B. Jon- 
son. Ob. T. 
ToEVE'NTERATE.e-ven'-te-rate. v.. a. [evenlero. 



Lat.] To rip up ; to open the belly. Brown. 
EVENTFUL, e-vent'-ful. a. Full of incidents; 
of changes of fortune. Slutkspea, 



full 



To E VENTILATE sSe-veii'-'te-late. v. a. {evenlilo, 
Lat.] To winnow ; to sift out. Cockeram. To ex- 
amine; to discuss. Vict. 

EVENTILA'T10N*,e-ven-te-la'-shun. n.s. The act 
of ventilating. Hoicell. 

EVE NTUAL, e-ven'-tshu-al. a. Happening in con- 
sequence of any thing; consequential. Burke. 

EVE'NTUALLY, e-ven'-tslu'i-al-le. ad. In the event; 
in the last result; in the consequence. Boyle. 

E'VER$, eV-ftr. 98. ad. [a?pep, Sax.] At any time. 
Hooker. At all times, always, without end. Hooker. 
— For ever. Eternally ; to perpetuity. Locke. At 
one. time ; as, ever and anon. Spenser. In any de- 
gree. Hall. A word of enforcement, or aggrava- 
tion : As soon as ever he had done it. Shak. — Ever 
a. Any. Shak. It is often contracted into e'er. It 
is much used in composition in the sense of always: 
as, evergreen, ererduring. 

L'VERISUIiBLING, ev-ur-bub'~bl?ng. a. Boiling up 
with perpetual murmurs. Crasliaw. 

E'VERBURNlNG,ev-ur-bur'-nlng.a. Unextinguish- 
ed. Milton. 

E'VERDURING, ev-ur-dtV-rlng. a. Eternal ; endur- 
ing without end Raleigh. 

E'VERGREEN,eV-ur-green. a. Verdant through- 
out the year. Milton. 

EVERGREEN, eV-iir-green. n.s. A plant that re- 
tains its verdure through all the seasons. Evelyn. 

E'VERHONOURED, ev-ur-on'-nftrd. a. Always 
ne.o in nonour or esteem. Pope. 

EVERLASTING, ev-ur-las'-ting. a. Enduring 
without end ; perpetual ; immortal ; eternal. Ham- 
mond. 

EVERLA'STING, eV-ur-las.'-tlng. n.s. Eternity. 
Hooker. The Eternal Being. Shakspeare. 
45 



EVERLASTING-PEA*, ev-or-las'-t?ng-pe. «. *. A 
ilower. Tate. 

EVERLASTINGLY, Cv-ur-las'-ting-le. ad. Eter- 
nally ; without end. Shakspeare. 

EVERLA'STINGNESS, ev-flr-las'-ting-nes. n. s. 
Eternity ; perpetuity ; an indefinite duration. Sta- 
p/eton. 

E'VERLIVING, ev-&r-liv'-?ng. a. Living without 
end ; immortal ; eternal ; incessant. Sjienser. 

EVERMO'RE, ev-&r-m6re'. ad. Always ; eternally. 
Tit lot son. 

EVERO'PEN, ev-or-A'-pn. a. Never closed; not at 
any lime shut. Bp. Taylor. ' 

EVERPLE'ASING, ev-ftr-ple'-zing. a. Delighting 
at all times ; never ceasing to give pleasure. Sid- 
ney. 

To EVE'RSE $, e-verse'. r. a. [eversus, Lat.] To 
overthrow ; to subvert ; to destroy. Glanville. Ob. J. 

EVE'RSION* e-veV-shfin. n.s. [ei-ersio, Lai.] Over- 
throw. Bp. Taylor. 

To EVE'RT, e-veYt'. v. a. [everto, Lat.] To destroy ; 
to overthrow. Fotherby. 

EVERWA'TCHFUL, ev-ur-w&lsh'-f&l. a. Always 
; vigilant. Pope. 

EVERY $, ev'-fir-e. a. [aepen ealc, Sax.] Each 
one of all. Hooker. — Every where. In all places; in 
each place. Hooker. 

E'VERYDAY*, eV-ur-e-da. a. Common ; occurring 
on any day. Pope. 

EVERYO'UNG, ev-Qr-yCmg/. a. Not subject to old 
age, or decay. Pope. 

To E'VESDROP$*, evz'-drop. v. n. To listen. See 
Eaves. Abp. Sancroft. 

E'VESDROPPER, evz'-dr6p-pur. n.s. Some mean 
fellow that skulks about a house in the night, to 
listen. Dryden. 

To EVE'STIGATE, e-veV-te-gale. v. a. [evesligo, 
Lat.] To search out. Diet. 

E'VET*. See, Eft. 

To EVI'BRATE*, e-vl'-brate. v. a. [evibro, Lat.] 
To shake ; to brandish. Cockeram. 

To EVI'CTo, e-vikf. v. a. [evinco, Lat.] To dispos- 
sess of by a judicial course. Davies. To take 
away by a sentence of law. K. James. To prove ; 
to evince. B. Jonson. 

EVICTION, e-vik'-sh&n. n. s. Dispossession or de- 
privation by a definitive sentence of a court of ju- 
dicature. Bacon. Proof; evidence. Bp. Hall. 

E'VJDENCEs\ev'-e-dense. n.s. [Fr.] The state of 
being evident; clearness; indubitable certainty; 
notoriety. Testimony ; proof. .Jerem. xxxii. Wit- 
ness ; one thai gives evidence. Dryden. 

To EVIDENCE, eV-e-donse. v. a. To prove; to 
evince. Temple. To show; to make discovery of. 
Milton. 

E VI DENT, eV-e-dent. a. Plain; apparent; nolo- 
j rious. Brown. I 

i EVIDENTIAL*, ev-e-deV-shaT.PSAffording evi- 
dence or proof. Bp. Fleetwood. "i. 
EVIDENTLY, ev'-e-dent-le. ad. Apparently; cer- 

tainlv; undeniably. Prior. 
EVIGILA'TION*, e-vTd'-je-la'-shun. n.s. [nigilatio. 

Lat.] A waking. Biblioth. Bib/ica. 
EVIL &, e'-vl. im.a. [ypel, Sax.] Having bad qual- 
ities of any kind ; not good. Deut. xxii. Wicked ; 
bad; corrupt. St. Matthew, xx. Unhappy; miser- 
able; calamitous. Exodus. Mischievous; destruc- 
tive; ravenous. Ge?iesis. xxxvii. 
E'VIL, e'-vl. 7i. s. [generally contracted to ill.! 
Wickedness ; a crime. Shak. Injury ; mischief. 
Proverbs. Malignity ; corruption. Eccles. ix. Mis- 
fortune ; calamity. Job, ii. Malady ; disease. Shak- 
speare. 
E'VIL, e'-vl. ad. Not well, in whatever respect. Slmk. 
Not well ; not virtuously. John, xviii. Not well ; 
not happily. Deut. vii. Injuriously; not kindly. 
Deut. xxvi. It is often used in composition, to give 
a bad meaning to a word. 
E'VILAFFECTED, e-vl-af-fek'-ted. a. Not kind; 

not disposed to kindness. Acts, xiv. 
EVILDOER, e-vl-d6'-ur. n. s. Malefactor ; one that 
commits crimes. 1 Peter. 
353 






EWE 



EXA 



ILT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



E VILEYED*, e'-vl-lde. a. Having a malignant 
look. Shafcspeare. 

EVILFA'VOLRED, e-vl-fa/-vurd. a. Ill countenanc- 
ed ; having- no good aspect. Bacon. 

EVlLFA'VOUrlEDNESS, e-vl-uV-vurd-ne^s. n. s. 
Deformity. Deuteronomy, xvii. 

E'VILLY, e'-vl-le. ad. Not well. Bp. Taulor. 

E'VILMINDED, e-vl-mlnd / -&l. a. Malicious; mis- 
chievous; malignant; wicked. Drijden. 

E'VII ,NESS, e'-vl-n^s. n. s. Contrariety to goodness ; 
badness, of whatever kind. Hale. 

EVILSPE'AKING, e-vl-spe'-klng. n. s. Slander; 
defamation ; calumny ; cetisoricusness. 1 Peter, ii. 

EVILWI'SHING, e-vl-wfsh'-ing. a. Wishing evil to ; 
having no good will. Sidney. 

EVIL WORKER, e-vl-w&rk'-fir. n.s. One who does 
wickedness. Phil. iii. 

To E VI'NCE §, e-vlnse'. v. a. [evinco, Lat.] To prove ; 
to show ; to manifest. Milton. To conquer ; to 
subdue. Milton. 

To EVI'JNCE*, e-vinse'. v. n. To prove. Bp. Hall. 

EVFNC1BLE, e-vin'-se-bl. a. Capable of proof; de- 
monstrable. Hale. 

EVl / NCIBLY,e-vm / -se-ble. ad. In such a manner as 
to force conviction. 

To E'VIRATES, eV-e-rate. v. a. [eviratus, Lat] To 
deprive of manhood; to emasculate. Bp. Hall. 

EVIRATION*, ev-e-ra'-shfin. n. s. Castration. 
Cocker am. 

To EVFSCERATE, e-vls'-se-rate. v. a. [eviscero, 
Lat.] To embowel: to draw ; to deprive of the en- 
trails; to search within the entrails. Dr. Griffiths. 

E'VITABLE, eV-e-ta-bl. 405. a. [evitabUis, *Lat.] 
Avoidable; that may be escaped or shunned. 
Hooker. 

To E/VITATE $, eV-e-tatc. w. a. [eviio, Lat.] To 
avoid ; to shun ; to escape. Siiakspeare.- 

EVITATION, ev-e-ta'-slmn. 530. n. s. The act of 
avoid iiig. Bacon. 

To EVITE*, e-vite'. v. a. To avoid. Drayton. 

EVITE'RNAL §, ev-e-ter'-nal. a. [cevitemus, Lat.] 
Eternal in a limited sense; of duration not infinite- 
ly but indefinitely long. 

EVITE'RNITY, ev-e-teV-ne-te. n. s. Duration not 
infinitely, but indefinitely long. 

To E'VOCATE*, eV-6-kate. v. a. To call forth. 
Skicklwuse. 

EVOCATION, fiv-6-ka/-shun. n.s. [ewcalio, Lat.] 
The act of calling out. Brown. 

To EVOKES*, e-vike'. v. a. [evoco, Lat.] To call 
forth. Warburton. 

EVOLATION, ev-6-kV-shOn. 530. n. s. [evolo, Lat.] 
The act of flying away. Bp. Hall. 

EVOLUTION, ev-o-lu'-sh&n. 530. n. s. [evohtlus, 
Lat.] The act of unrolling or unfolding. Boyle. 
The series of things unrolled or unfolded. More. 
[In geometry*, The equable evolution of the pe- 
riphery of J0m^Q, or any other curve, is such a 
gradual ajjErBach of the circumference to rectitude, 
as that all its parts meet together, and equally 
evolve or unbend. Harris. [In tacticks.] The mo- 
tion made by a body of Inen in changing their pos- 
ture, or form of drawing up. Harris. — Evolution 
of powers. [In algebra.] Extracting of roots from 
any given power, being the reverse of involution. 
Harris. 
To EVO'LVE§, e-volv'. v. a. [evolvo, Lat.] T/o un- 
fold ; to disentangle. Hale. 
DEVOLVE, e-vcnV. v.n. To open itself; to dis- 
close itself. Prior. 

EVOMITION, ey-i-mtoi'-un. 530. n. s. [evonw, Lat.] 

The act of vomiting out. Swift. 
To EVU'LGATE§*, e-v&l'-gate. v. a. [evulgo, Lat.] 

To publish ; to spread abroad. 
EVULGATION, ev-ul-ga'-sh&n. n.s. The act of 

divulging publication. Diet. 
EVU'LSION, e-vul'^hun. n. s. [evulsio, Lat.] The 

act of plucking out. Brown. 
EWE, yu. 268. n.s. [eope, Sax.] The she sheep. 

Bacon. 
55" There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word, as if 
written yoe, waich must bo carefully avoided. W. 



E'WERS, yu'-5r. 98. n.s. [from eau, perhaps an- 
ciently euf\ A vessel in which water is brought for 
washing the hands. Siiakspeare. 

E'WRY, yiV-re. n. s. An office in the king's house- 
hold, where they take care of the linen for the 
king's table, lay the cloth, and serve up water in 
silver eira\sjafter dinner. Diet. 

EX, £ks, or egz. A Latin preposition often prefixed 
to compounded words ; sometimes meaning out : 
as, exhaust, to draw out ; sometimes only enforcing 
the meaning^ and sometimes producing little al- 
teration. It is also often prefixed to words in order 
to imply out, i. e. no longer in office or employ- 
ment ; as an ex-general, an ex-minister. 

3^/" The x in this inseparable preposition is, with respect 
to sound, under the same predicament as the s in dis ; 
which see. 425. W. 

To EXACERB ATE §, egz-as'-eV-bate. v. a. \exacer- 
bo, Lat.] To imbitter; to exasperate. 

EXACERBATION, egz-as-er-ba'-shun. n. s. In- 
crease of malignity ; augmented force or severity. 
Height of a disease-; paroxysm. Bacon. 

EXACERVATION^gz-as-ser-va'-sh&n. n.s. \o.cer- 
vus, Lat.] The act of neaping up. Diet. 

EXACT §, egz-akt'. 478. a. [exactus, Lat.] Nice; 
not deviating from rule. Pope. Methodical; not 
negligently performed. Arbuthnot. Careful ; not 
negligent. Spectator. Honest j strict ; punctual 
Ecclus. Ii. 

To EXACT, egz-akt'. v. a. [exigo, exactus, Lat.] 
To require authoritatively. Shukspeare. To de- 
mand of right. Dryden. To summon; to enjoin. 
Milton. 

To EXACT, e"gz-akt'. v. n. To practise extortion. 
Psalm lxxx. 

EXACTER,or EXACTOR, egz-ak'-tur. 98. n. s. 
An extortioner; one who claims more than his due. 
Bacon. He that demands by authority. Bacon. 
One who is severe in his injunctions or demands. 
K. Charles. 

EXACTION, egz-ak'-shfin. n.s. The act of making 
an authoritative demand, or levying by force. Ne- 
hemiahjX. Extortion ; unjust demand. Shak. A 
tribute severely levied. Addison. 

EXACTITUDE*, egz-ak'-te-tude. n. s. Exactness; 
nicety. Scott. 

EXACTLY, Cgz-akt'-le. ad. Accurately; nicely; 
thoroughly. Dryden. 

EXACTNESS, egz-akt'-nik n. s. Accuracy.; nice- 
ty ; strict conformity to rule or symmetry. Ecclus. 
xlii. Regularity of conduct; strictness of manners; 
care not to deviate. Kino; Charhs. 

EXACTOR*. See Exacter. 

EXACTRESS*, egz-ak'-tres. n. s. She who is se- 
vere in her injunctions. B. Jonson, 

To EXACUATEy* egz-ak'-u-ate. v. a. [exacuo, 
Lat.] To whet ; to sharpen. B. Jonson. 

EXACUATION*, egz-ak-u-a'-shfin. n. s. Whetting 
or sharpening. Cockeram. 

To EXAGGERATE §, egz-adje'-e-rate. v. a. [exag- 
gero, Lat.] To heap upon; to accumulate. Hale. 
To heighten by representation. Clarendon. 

§&* This word is sometimes heard with the double g 
hard, as in dagger ; but every one who has a scrap of 
Latin knows, that exaggerate comes from exaggero, 
and that all words from that language have the g sof- 
before e and i .■ the third syllable, therefore, must havo 
the g soft. But it will be said, that, according to the 
laws of pronunciation, the first g ought to be hard, as 
the first c is in flaccid, siccity,&.c. i'o which it may 
be answered, that, strictly speaking, it ought to bo so ; 
but polite usage has so fixed the first as well as the last 
g in the soft sound, that none but a confirmed pedant 
would have the boldness to pronounce them differently. 

This usage, too, we find, is not without all foundation in 
analogy. Wherever there is a considerable difficulty 
in keeping sounds separate, they will infallibly run into 
each other. This is observable in the sound of s, which, 
when final, always adopts the sound of z when a fiat 
consonant precedes, 434; the first s, likewise, in the ter- 
minations session, mission, &c, necessarily runs into 
the sound of sh, like the last s : but it may be said, that 
the first g in exaggerate has no such relation to the 
second as 5 has to sli ; and that this very difference be- 
tween the two consonants makes ua preserve the first a 
354 



EXA 



KXC 



-no, move, nor, no; ;— tube, tflb, bull; — flSl > — pA6ndj— <mn, THis. 



bol 
EX 



in Jiaecid and skcity in its hard sound of k, which is 
perfectly distinct from the other sound of c, which is 
DOthing more than ;>•. To this it. can only he replied, hy 
way of mitigation, that hard ^ and soft g or j arc form- 
ed nearer together in the mouth than hard c or A-, and 
soft t or .>• ; and therefore, as they arc more liable to 
coalesce, their coalescence is more excusable. W. 

EXAGGERATION, egz-adje-e-ra -shun. n. s. The 
Mi of heaping together ; aheap, ilaic. Hyper- 
jlical amplification. Featleij. 
A'GGERATORY* egz-adjef-e-ra-tar-e. a. En- 
Uggiug by hyperbolical expressions. Johnson. 
To EXA 'GITATE $, egz-adje'-e-tate. r.a. [exagiio, 
LaL] To shake j lo put in motion. Arbt/lhnot. To 
reproach 5 to pursue with invectives. Hooker. 

EXAGITATION, egz-adje-e-ta'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of shaking- or agitating. Did. 

To EXA LT?. egz-ak . r.a. [exaltrr. Fr.] To raise 
on high. St. Maitiiew, xi. To elevate to power, 
wealth, or dignity. Ezek. xxi. To elevate lo joy 
or confidence. Clarendon. To praise ; lo extol ; 
to magnify. Psai. xxxiv. To raise up in opposition. 
2 Kings, xix. To intend ; to enforce. Prior. To 
heighten 5 to refine by tire. Arbuthnot. To elevate 
in diction or sentiment. Roscommon. 

EXALTATION, e-rz-al-ta -shun, n.s. The act of 
raising on high. Elevation to power or dignity. 
Judith, xvi. "Elevated state; state of greatness or 
dignity. Milton. [In pharmacy.] Raising a medi- 
cine to a higher degree of virtue. Quincij. The 
operation of purifying or perfecting any natural 
body, its principles, or parts. Smith. Dignity of a 
planet in which its powers are increased. Dri/dcn. 

EXA'LTEDNESS*, egz-alt'-ed-nes-. n. s. Stale of 
dignity or greatness. More. Conceited greatness. 
Gray. 

EXA'LTER*, egz-all'-ur. n.s. One that raises on 
high. Bonne. One that highlv praises or extols. 
Poller. 

BXA'MEN, egz-a'-men. 503. n.s. [Lat.] Examina- 
tion; disquisition 3 inquiry. Brown. 

EXAMINABLE*, egz-anV-e-na-bl. <*. Proper to be 
inquired into. 

EXA jIINANT*. egz-am'-e-n&nt. n.s. One who is 
to be examined. Dean Prideaux. 

EX V 31 IN AT E. egz-am'-e-nate. n. s. The person 
examined. Bactni. 

EXAKONA TION, egz-am-c-na'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of examining by questions, or experiment 3 accurate 
disquisition. Acts. xxv. 

EXA'MMATOR, egz-nm'-e-na-tur. 521. n. s. An 
examiner. Broini. 

FoEXA'MINE$, egz-am'-ln. 140. v. a. [examino, 
Lat.] To try a person accused or suspected by in- 
terrogatories. Ckarch Catechism. To interrogate 
a witness. Acts, xxiv. To question; to doubt. 
ShaJc. To try the truth or falsehood of any pro- 
position. To try by experiment, or observation; 

' narrowly sift; scan. Pope. To make inquiry into; 
to search into; to scrutinize. Locke. 

EXA'MlNER, egz-am'-e-nfir. n.s. One who interro- 
gates a criminal or evidence. Hale. One who 
searches or tries any thing ; one who scrutinizes. 
Newton. 

EXATriPLARY, egz-am'-plar-e, a. Serving for ex- 
ample or pattern. Hooker. 

EXA'MPLE §, egz-am'-pl. 478. n. s. [exempium, Lat.] 
Copy or pattern ; that which is proposed to be re- 
sembled. Raleigh. Precedent; former instance 
of the like. Shale. Precedent of good. Milton. A 
person fit to be proposed as a pattern. 1 Tim. rv. 
One punished for the admonition of others. Jude, 
7. Influence which disposes to imitation. Wisd. 
iv. Instance; illustration of a general position by 
some particular specification. Dryden. Instance 
in which a rule is illustrated by an application. 
Dnjden. 
To EXA'MPLE, egz-am'-pl. v. a. To exemplify; to 
give an instance of. Spenser. To set an example. 
ShoJcsj)eare. 
EXA'MPLELESS* Igz-am'-pl-les. a. Having no 
example or pattern. B. Jonson. 



EXA'MPLER*, egz-am'-pldr. n.s. A pattern; an 
example lo be followed. Bp. Fisher. Ob. T. 

EX A'N G UlOUS^k-sang'-gwe-us.rSec Exi ccate.] 
a. [exsangws, Lat.] Having no blood; formed with 
animal juices, not sanguineous. Broun. 

To EX A'N 1M ATE §*,%z-an'-e-mate'. v. a. [cxanimo 
Lat. J To trouble greatly; to amaze; to dishearten , 
to discourage. liu/oct. To deprive of life. Coles. 

EXAflVlMATE, egz-an<-e-mate. a. Lifeless; dead. 
Spenser. Spiritless f depressed. Thomson. 

EX AN LV. A TION , ogz-an-e-ma'-shun. n.s. Depriva- 
tion of life ; an amazement, a disheartening. 
Cocker: 'in. 

EXA N1MOUS, egz-an'-e-m&s. a. [exanimis, Lat.] 
Lifeless; dead; killed. 

EXANTHEMATA, eks-an-^em'-a-ta. n.s.[%- 
arCiiiia-a.] Efflorescences ; eruptions; breaking 
i out; pustules. 

EXANTHE WLATOUS, eks-an-f/iem'-a-l&s. a. Pus- 
tulous; efflorescent: eruptive. 

ToEXANTLATES, egz-ant'-lale. v. a. [exanilo. 
Lat.] To draw out. To exhaust ; to waste away 
Boyle. 

EXANTLA'TIQN, eks-iim-la'-shun. n.s. The act 
of drawing out: exhaustion. Brov:n. 

EXARATION,' egz-a-ra'-shun. n.s. [exaro, Lat.] 
The manual act of writing. Did. 

ECXARGHS*, eks'-ark. n. s. [e£apx°s-] A viceroy. 
Prcceedini's against Garnet. 

E'XARCHATE*, eks-ar'-kate. n. s. The dignity of 
an exarch. Bp. Taylor. 

EX ARTICULATION, eks-ar-tlk-u-la'-shun. < n. s 
[ex and urticatus, Lat.] The dislocation of a joint 
Diet. 

To EXA'SPERATE$. egz-as'-per-ate. v. a. [exas- 
pcro, Lat.] To provoke; to enrage. Shak. To 
heighten a difference. Brown. To exacerbate ; to 
heighten malignity. Bacon. 

EXASPERATE*, egz-as'-per-ate. a. Provoked 3 
imbiuered. Shakspeare. 

EXA'SPERATER, egz-as'-ner-a-tur. n. s. He that 
exasperates ; a provoker. Sherwood. 

EXASPERATION, egz-as-per-a/-shun. n. s. Ag- 
gravation ; malignant representation. K. Charles. 
Provocation; irritation. Donne. Exacerbation 
Wolton. Rem. 

ToEXA'UCTORATE §, egz-awk'-to-rate. v. a. [cx- 
anctoro, Lat.] To dismiss from service. Lcl. Herbert. 
To deprive of a benefice. Ayliffe. 

EXAUCTORATJON, egz-awk-t6-ra'-shun. n. g. 
Dismission from service. Bp. Richardson. Depri- 
vation ; degradation. Ayliffe. 

To EXA'UTHORATE*, ~egz-aw-'-tfi6-ratc. v. a. 
[exauthorer, eld Fr.] To dismiss from service 
Ccckeram. 

EXAUTIIORATION*. egz-aw-Mo-ra'-shun. n.s 
Deprivation of office. Bp. //:|y_. 

To EXA'UTHORIZE* egz-sM ^^P- *• «• [«• 
and auihoi-ize.] To deprive ofJH Mb* author i 
tv. Selden. ^^» . 

EXCANDE'SCENCE, eks-kan-des'-sense. SlrM £*, 

EXCANDE'SCENCYflb-kan-des'-sen-se. 



n.s. [excandesco, Lat.] Heat; the stale of growing 

hot. Anger ; the stare of growing angry. 
EXCANTATION, eks-kan-ta'-shun. n.s. [excanto, 

Lat.] Disenchantment by a counter-charm. Gayton 
To EXCA'RNATE §, eks-kar'-nate. v. a. [ex and car- 

nis, Lat.] To clear from n'esh. Sir W. Petty. 
EXCARNTF1CATION, eks-kar-ne-fe-ka'-sh&n . 

n.s. The act of taking away the flesh. 
To E'XCAVATE$. eks-ka'-vate.r.a. [excavo,La\.] 

To hollow; to cut into hollows. Ray. 
EXCAVATION, eks-ka-va'-shfin. n. s. The act of 

cutting into hollows. The hollow formed; the 

cavity. Wotion. 
E'XCAVATOR*, eks'-ka-va-tur. n. s. A digger. 
To EXCAYE*. eks-kaye'. v. a. To hollow. Cocke- 

ram. 
To EXCE'CATE §*, ek-se'-kate. v. a. [exececo, Lat.] 

To make blind; to put out the eyes. Cockeram. 
EXCECATION*, eks-e-ka'-shun. n.s. Blindness, 

Bv. Ricliardson. 

355 



EXC 



EXC 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met 5— pine, pfn: 



To EXCE'ED$, ek-seed'. v. a. [excedo, Lat.] To 
go beyond ; to outgo. Woodward. To excel } to 
surpass. 1 Kings, x. 

To EXCE'ED, ek-seed'. v. n. To go too far ; to pass 
the bounds of fitness. Bp. Taylor. To go beyond 
any limits. Devi. xxv. To bear the gTeater pro- 
portion. Drijden. 

EXCE'EDABLE*, ek-see'-da-bl. a. That may sur- 
mount or excel. Slienvood. 

EXCE'EDER*, ek-see / -d&r# n. s. One that passes 
the bounds of fitness. Mountagu. 

EXCEEDING*, gk-see'-ding. n.s. That which 
passes the usual limits. Addison. 

EXCEEDING, gk-see'-dfng. part. a. Great in quan- 
tity, extent, or duration. Raleigh. 

EXCE'EDING, ek-see'-ding. ad. In a very great 
degree ; eminently. 1 Sam. ii. 

EXCEEDINGLY, ek-see'-d?ng-le. ad, To a great 
degree ; greatly ; very much. St. Mark, xv. 

EXCE'EDINGNESS^ek-see'-dlng-nes. n.s. Great- 
ness in quantity, extent, or duration. Sherwood, 

To EXCE'L §, ek-sel'. v. a. [excello, Lat.] To outgo 
in good qualities} to surpass. Waller. To over- 
power. Milton. To exceed, simply. Milton. 

To EXCE'L, ek-sel 7 . v.n, To have good qualities 
in a great degree ; to be eminent. Gen. xlix. 

EXCELLENCE. ek'-sSl-lense. )n. s. [excellence, 

EXCELLENCY, ek'-sel-len-se. \ Fr. excelleniia, 
Lat.] The state of abounding in any good quality. 
Milton. Dignity ; high rank in existence. Hooker. 
The state of excelling in any thing. Locke. That 
in which one excels. Addison. Purity 5 goodness. 
Shak. A title of honour. Usually applied to am- 
bassadours and govemours. Shakspeare. 

EXCELLENT, ek'-sel-lent. a. [excellens, Lat.] Of 
great virtue, worth, or dignity. Taylor. Eminent 
in any good quality. Job, xxxvii. 

EXCELLENTLY, ek'-sel-lent-le. ad. Well 5 in a 
high degree. Brown. To an eminent degree. 
Dn/den. 

EXCE'NTRICK*, ek-sen'-trlk. See Eccentrick. 

To EXCE'PT §, ek-sept'. v. a. [cxcipio, Lat.] To 
leave out, and specify as left out of a general pre- 
cept, or position. 1 Cor. xv. 

To EXCE'PT, ek-sept'. v. n. To object ; to make 
objections. Locke. 

EXCE'PT, ek-sept'. prep. Exclusively of; without 
inclusion of. Milton. Unless; if it be not so that. 
Tillotson, 

EXCEPTING, ek-sep'-t?ng. prep. Without inclu- 
sion of; with exception of. Dry den. 

EXCEPTION, ek-sep'-shun. n. s. Exclusion from 
the things comprehended in a precept, or position. 
South. Thing excepted or specified in exception. 
Swift. Objection ; cavil. Hooker. Peevish dis- 
like ; offence taken. Shale. Exception is a stop or 
stay to an actiafc^oth in the civil and common 
law. Cowfi^B 

ek-sep'-shun-a-bl. a. Liable 
tison, 

ek-seV-shun-ur. n.s. One who 
£es" objections. MiltorA 

EXCE'PTIOUS, ek-sep'-slus. a. Peevish; froward; 
full of objections. South. \ 

EXCE'PTIOUSNESS*, ek-sep'-shfis-nSs. n. s. 
Boyishness. Barrow. 

EXW'PTIVE)"_ek-sep'-tlv-. a. Including an excep- 
tion.' Watts. ' *- 

EXCE'PTLESS, ek-sept'-les. a. Omitting or neg- 
lecting all exception. Sliakspeare. 

EXCE'PTOR, ek-sep'-tfir. 166. n. s. Objector. 
Burnet. 

To EXCE RN, ek-sern'. v. a. [excerno, Lat.] To 
strain out ; to separate or emit by strainers. Ba- 
con. 

To EXCE'RP§*, elc-serp'. »•«• [excerpo, Lat.] To 

pick out. Hales. 
To EXCERPT*, £k-serpt'. v. a. To select. Bar- 
™*rd. 

EXCE'RPTION, ek-serp'-shun. n. s. The act of 
gleaning ; selecting. The thing gleaned or select- 
ed. Raleigh. 




EXCE'RPTOR*, £k-serp'-tur. n.s. A picker or 
culler. Barnard. 

EXCERPTS*, e'k-se'rpts'. n.s. pi. Passages se- 
lected from authors j extracts. 

EXCE'SS §, ek-seV . n. s. [excessus, Lat.] More 
than enough ; superfluity. Hooker. Exuberance ; 
state of exceeding. Sliakspeare. Intemperance} 
unreasonable indulgence in meat and drink. Shak. 
Violence of passion. Transgression of due limits. 
Milton. 

EXCESSIVE, ex-ses'-siv. a. [excessif, Fr.] Beyond 
the common proportion of quantity or bulk. Bacon. 
Vehement beyond measure in kindness or dislike. 
Ecclus. xxxiii. 

EXCESSIVELY, ek-ses'-slv-le. ad. Exceedingly - 
eminently ; in a great degree. Addison. In an in 
temperate wav. Spenser. 

EXCE'SSIVENESS*. Sk-ses'-slv-nes. n. s. Exceed 
ingness. Sherwood. 

To EXCHANGES, eks-tshanje'. v. a. [exchanger, 
Fr.] To give or quit one thing for the sake of gain- 
ing another. Locke. To give and take recipro- 
cally. Shakspeare. 

EXCHA'NGE, eks-tshanje'. n. s. The act of giving 
and receiving reciprocally. Waller. Traffick by 
permutation. South. The form or act of transfer- 
ring. Sluik. The balance of the money of different 
nations. Hayward. The thing given in return for 
something received. Locke. The thing received 
in return for something given. Dryden. The place 
where the merchants meet to negotiate their af- 
fairs ; place of sale. Locke. 

EXCHANGEABLE*, ex-tshanje'-a-bl. a. That 
may be exchanged. 

EXCHA'NGER, eks-tshan'-jur. n. s. One who prac- 
tises exchange. St. Matt. xxv. 

EXCHE'AT. See Escheat. 

EXCHE'ATOR. See Escheatof. 

EXCHEQUER §, eks-tshek'-Qr. n. s. [eschequsir, 
Norman Fr.] The court to which are brought al 1 
the revenues belonging to the crown, and in which 
all causes touching the revenues of the crown are 
handled. Harris. 

To EXCHEQUER*, eks-tshek'-ur. v. a. To insti- 
tute a process against a person in the court of ex- 
chequer. Pegge. 

EXCISABLE*, ek-sl'-za-bl. a. Liable to the duty 
of ' e x ci se . Act of Pari. 

EXCI'SE §, ek-size'. n. s. [accijs, Dutch, excisum, 
La*.] A tax levied upon various commodities by 
several acts of parliament; and collected by offi- 
cers appointed for that purpose. Hayward. 

To EXCI'SE, ek-slze'. v. a. To levy excise upon a 
person or thing. Pope. 

EXCI'SEMAN, ek-slze'-man. 88. n. s. An officer 
who inspects commodities, and rates their excise. 

EXCI'SION, ek-slzh'-fin. 451. n.s. [excisio, Lat.] 
Extirpation ; destruction ; ruin. Sir T. Elyot. 

~'-e-te. n.s. Cc 
ity of beinff excited. 



EXCITABILITY*, ek-sl-ta-bil'-e-te. n.s. Capabil-- 
Easy to be excited. 



EX'CI'TABLE*, ek-sl'-ta-bl. 
Barrow. 

To EXCI'TATE*, ek-sl'-tate. v. a. To stir up. Ba- 
con. 

EXCITA'TION, ek-se-ta'-shon. n.s. The act of ex 
citing, or putting into motion. Bacon. The act 
of rousing or awakening. Bp. Hall. 

EXCI'TATIVE*, ek-sl'-ta-t'fv. a. Having power to 
excite. Barrow. 

To EXCI'TE §, ek-slte'. v. a. [excito, LatJ To rouse ; 
to animate ; to stir up ; to encourage. Spenser. To 
put into motion ; to awaken ; to raise. 

EXCI'TEMENT, ek-slte'-ment. n.s. The motive 



by which one is stirred up. Slwikspeare. 

EXCI'TER, ek-sl'-ttir. n. s. One that stirs up others, 
or puts them in motion. King Charles. The cause 
by which any thing is raised or put in motion. De- 
cay of Piety. 

EXCl'TING*,ek-sl'-tmg.7?.s. Excitation. Herbert. 

To EXCLA'IM §, eks-klame'. v. n. [exclamo, Lat.] 

To cry out with vehemence ; to make an outcry. 

Sliak. To declare with loud vociferation. Sliafc. 

356 



EXC 



EXC 



-116, move, ndr, n6t ; — tihe, tub, bull ; — 6fl ;— pdund ;— (Inn, THis. 



EXCLA'IM, eks-klame'. n.s. Clamour; outcry. 

Shakspeare. 

EXCLA'IMER, eks-kla'-mur. n. s. One that makes 
vehement outcries. Allerburij. 

EXCLAMATION, eks-kla-ma'-shfin. «. s. Vehe- 
ment outcry; clamour; outrageous vociferation. 
Hooker. An emphatical utterance. Sidney. A 
note by which a pathetical sentence is marked, 
thus [!j 

EXCLAMATORY, Sks-klam'4-tur-e. 512, 557. a. 
Practising" exclamation. Containing exclamation. 
South. 

To EXCLUDE §, eks-klude'. v. a. [excludo, Lat.] 
To shut out ; to hinder from entrance or admission. 
Dryden. To debar ; to hinder from participation ; 
to prohibit. Dryden. To except in any position. 
Not to comprehend in any grant or privilege. 
Hooker. To dismiss from the womb or egg. Brown. 

EXCLUSION, els-klu'-zhun. n.s. The act of shut- 
ting out or denying admission. Bacon. Rejection; 
not reception. Addison. The act of debarring from 
any privilege. Burnet. Exception. Bacon. The dis- 
mission of the young from the egg or womb. Ray. 
Ejection ; emission; thing emitted. Brown. 

EXCLUSIONIST*, eks-ldi'-zhftn-lst. n, s. One 
who would debar another from any privilege. 
Fox. 

EXCLUSIVE, eks-klu'-siv. 158, 428. a. Having 
the power of excluding or denying admission. Mil- 
ton. Debarring from participation. Locke. Not 
taking into an account or number; opposed to in- 
clusive. Swift. Excepting. 

EXCLUSIVELY, eks-klu'-slv-le. ad. Without ad- 
mission of another to participation. Boyle. With- 
out comprehension in an account or number ; not 
inelusivelv. Ayliffe. 

To EXCCCT, eks-kokt'. v. a. [excocius, Lat.] To 
boil up; to make by boiling. Bacon. 

To EXCOGITATE §,eks-Bdje'-e-tate. v. a. [ex- 
co^ito, Lat.] To invent ; to strike out by think- 
ing. Sir T. Elyot. 

To EXCOGITATE*, eks-k6dje'-e-tate. v. n. To 
think. Bacon. 

EXCOGITATION*, eks-k6dje-e-uV-shun. n. s. In- 
vention. Sir T. Elyot. 

To EXCO'MMUNE*, eks-kom -mane', v. a. To ex- 
clude ; to discommon. Gaylon. 

EXCOMMU'NICABLE, eks-kim-mo'-ne-ka-bl. a. 
Liable or deserving to be excommunicated. Hooker. 

To EXCOMMU'NtCATE §, Sks-kom-mu'-ne-kate. 
t>. a. [excommunico, low Lat.] To eject from the 
communion of the church by an ecclesiastical cen- 
sure. Hammond. 

J£p Some smatterers in elocution are trying to pro- 
nounce this word with the accent on the second sylla- 
ble, and thus leave the three last syllables unaccented ; 
as if harshness and difficulty of pronunciation were the 
tests of propriety. The word excpmmunicatiun will 
admit of the accent on this syllable, as another must be 
placed on the fifth ; but, if a secondary accent be neces- 
sary, it ought to be rather on the first syllable. 5\>2. W. 

EXCOMMUNICATE*. eks-k6m-nuV-nc-kate. a. 

Excluded from the fellowship of the church. Donne. 
EXCOMMUNICATE* eks-k&m-mu'-akkate. n. s. 

One who is excluded from the fellowship of the 

church. Selden. One cut off from any advantage. 

Carew. 
EXCOMMUNlCA'TION^ks-kom-mi'.-ne-ka'-shun. 

n. s. An ecclesiastical interdict ; exclusion from 

the fellowship of the church. Hooker. 
To EXCO'RI ATE §, eks-ko'-re-ate. v. a. [excorio, 

Lat.] To flav; to strip off the skin. Wiseman. 
EXCORIATION, eks-ko-re-a'-shfin. n.s. Loss of 

skin ; privation of skin ; the act of flaying. Brewer. 

Plunder ; spoil. Howell. 
EXCORTICA'T10N,eks-k6r-te-ka'-shan. n.s. [ex 

and cortex, Lat.] Pulling the bark off any thing. 

Quina/. 
E'XCREABLE*, gks'-kre-a-bl. a. Which may be 

spit out. Bulfokar. 
To E'XCREATE§, eks'-kre-ate. w. a. [excreo, Lat.] 

To eject at the mouth by hawking. Cockeram. 



EXCREATION*, eks-kre-a'-sh&n. n. s. A retching, 

a spitting out. Cockeram. 

E'XCREMENT^eks'-kre-ment. n.s. [excrenwntum. 
Lat.] That which is thrown out as useless, noxious, 
or corrupted, from the natural passages of the bodv. 
Bacon . 

EXCREME'NTAL, eks-kre-meV-tal. a. That 
which is voided as excrement. Burton. 

EXCREMENTI TIOUS, eks-kre-men-fish'-fis. a. 
Containing excrements; consisting of matter ex 
creted from the bodv. Bacon. 

EXCRESCENCE Oks-kres'-sense. >510. n. s. 

EXCRESCENC Y $, eks-kreV-sen-se. \ [excresco, 
Lat.] Somewhat growing out of another without 
use, and contrary to the common order of produc- 
tion. Dryden. 

EXCRESCENT, eks-kres'-sent. a. That whien 
grows out of another with preternatural superfluity. 
Pope. 

To EXCRE TE*, eks-krete'. v. a. To pass by ex- 
cretion. Paley. 

EXCRE'TIOiN, eks-kre'-shun. n. s. [excretio, Lat.] 
Separation of animal substance ; ejecting some- 
what quite out of the body. Arlmtlinot. The thing 
excerned. Bacon. 

EXCRETIVE, eks'-kre-tiv. a. Having the power 
of separating and ejecting excrements. Han-ey. 

EXCRETORY; eks'-kre-tur-e. [See Domestick.] 
a. Having the quality of separating and ejecting 
superfluous parts. 

EXCRETORY, eW-kre-tur-e. 71.5. The instrument 
of excretion. Cheyne. 

EXCRUCIABLE, eks-kroS'-she-a-bl. a. Liable to 
torment. Diet. 

roEXCRU'CIATE^^ks-kro^-she-ate. 542. v. a. 
[excrucio, Lat.] To torture ; to torment. Chapnuxn. 

EXCRUCIATION*, eks-krSS-she-a'-shun. n. s. 
Torment; vexation. Feliham. 

EXCUBATION, eks-ku-ba'-shfin. n. s. [excubutio, 
Lat.] The act of watching all night. Did. 

To EXCULPATE $, eks-kul'-pate. v. a. [ex and 
culpo, Lat.] To clear from the imputation of a fault. 
Lowth. 

EXCULPA'TION* eks-kul-pa'-shun. n. s. The act 
of clearing from alleged blame. Beriuglon. 

EXCULPATORY*, eWkul'-pa-tfir-e. a. Clearing 
from imputed fault. Jolinson. 

To EXCU'R, eks-kur'. r . 71. To pass bevond lim- 
its. Harvey. Ob. J. 

EXCURSION $, eks-kur'-shfin. n. 5. [excurro., Lat.] 
The act of deviating from the stated or settled 
path ; a ramble. Pope. An expedition into some 
distant part. Locke. Progression beyond fixed lim- 
its. Arbuthnot. Digression; ramble from a sub- 
ject. Boyle. 

EXCU'RSIVE.Sks-kur'-slv. 157. a. Rambling 5 wan- 
dering ; deviating. Thomson. ^» «. 

EXCURSIVELY*, eks-kur'-siv-paA .In a wan- 
dering, unsettled manner. Boswe: 

EXCU'RSIVENESS*, eks-kur'-siv^ 



act of passing beyond usual bounds. Brit. Crit 
EXCUSABLE, eks-ku'-rfbl 
ney. 



The 
Pardonable. SHd 



EXCUSABLENESS, gks-kiV-za-bl-nes. n.s. Par 
donableness ; capability to be excused. Boyle. 

EXCUSA'TION, eks-ku-za'-shun. n. s. Excuse 
plea; apology. Bacon. 

EXCUSATORY, eks-ku'-za-tur-e. 512. [See Do 
mestick.] a. Pleading excuse; apologetical j 
making apology. A. Wood. 

To EXCUSE $, eks-kize'. 437. v. a. [excuse, Lat.] 
To extenuate by apology. B. Jonson. To disen- 
gage from an obligation. St. Luke, xiv. To remit j 
not to exact. To weaken or mollify obligation to 
any thing; to obtain remission. South. To pardon 
by allowing an apology. Addison. To throw off 
imputation Dy a feigned apology. 2 Cor. xii. To- 
justify; to vindicate. Rom. ii. 

EXCUSE, eks-kuse'. n.s. Plea offered in extenua- 
tion ; apology. Sidney. The act of excusing or 
apologizing. Shak. Cause for which one is ex- 
cused Roscommon. 

357 



EXE 



EXE 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin ;— 



EXCU'SELESS, eks-kflse'-les. a. That for which 

no excuse can be given. Whitlock. 
EXGU'SER, eks-ku'-zur. n. s. One who pleads for 
another. Swift. Oi$3 who forgives another. Shel- 
ton. 
To EXCU'SS $, eks-kfis'. v. a. [excussm, Lat.] To 
seize and detain by law. Ayliffe. To shake off. 
StUlitoe, fleet. 
EXCURSION, eks-kfish'-un. n. s. [excussio, Lat.] 

Seizure by law. Ayliffe. 
F/XECRABLE, ek'-se-kra-bl. 405. a. Hateful ; de- 
testable; accursed. Hooker. 
E'XECRABLY, &'-se-kra-ble. ad. Cursedly; 

abominably. Dry dm. 
ToE'XECRATE §, ek'-se-krite. v. a. [execror, Lat.] 

To curse; to imprecate ill upon. Bp. Taylor. 
EXECRA'TION, ek-se-kra'-shfin. n.s. Curse; im- 
precation of evil. Stilliiigfieet. The object of exe- 
cration. Jerem. xliv. 
E'XECRATORY*, eks / -e-kra-tfir-e. n.s. A formu- 
lary of execrations. L. Addison. 
ToEXE'CT$, eks-ekt'. v. a. \execo, Lat.] To cut 

out ; to. cut away. Harvey. 
EXE'CTION, eks-ek'-shfin. n. s. The act of cutting 

out. 
To E'XECUTE §, ek'-se-kute. v. a. [exequor, Lat.] 
To perform ; to practise. South. To put in act! 
to do what is planned or determined. Hooker. To 
put to death according to form of justice; to punish 
capitally. Wo/ton. To put to death ; to kill. Shak. 
To E'XECUTE, ek'-se-kiue. v. n. To perform the 

proper office. Sir J. Hay ward, 
E'XECUTER, eks'-e-ku-tur, or egz-ek'-u-'fir. n.s. 
He that performs or executes any thing. Shak. An 
executioner ; one who puts others to death. Shak. 
He that is intrusted to perform the will of a testa- 
tor. In this sense the accent is on the second syl- 
lable. Shakspeare. See Executor. 
EXE'CUTERSHIP, egz-ek'-A-tfir-shlp. it. s. The 
office of him that is appointed to perform the will 
of the defunct. Bacon. 
EXECUTION, ek-se-ki'-sh&n. n. s. Performance ; 
practice. Bacon. The last act of the law in civil 
causes, by which possession is given of body or 
goods. Clarendon. Capital punishment ; death in- 
flicted by forms of law. Shakspeare. Destruction; 
slaughter. Shakspeare. 
EXECUTIONER, ek-se-ku'-shun-ur. n . s. He that 
puts in act, or executes. Bacon. He that inflicts 
capital punishment. Sidney. He that kills; he that 
murders. Shak. The instrument by which any 
thing is performed. Crashaw. 
EXECUTIVE, egz-ek'-u-tiv. 478. a. Having the 
quality of executing or performing. Hale. Active; 
not deliberative ; not legislative ; having the power 1 
to put in act the laws. Addison,. 
EXE'CUTOBjytz-ek'-u-tur. 166. n. s. He that is 
intrusted WjBform the will of a testator. See 
Exrxu r r*EjJ^ 
3^p When tjPword signifies one who performs any thing 
in generalTthe accent is on the same syllable as on the 
verb to execute. W. % iv 
EXECUTORSHIP*. See Executeksh ?. 
EXECUTORY*, egz-ek'-u-tur-e.a. [executoire, Fr.] 
Having authority to put the laws in force ; exer- 
cising authority. Burke. [In law.] To be execut- 
ed or performed at a future period. Blackstone. 
EXECUTRESS*, egz-ek'-u-tres. n.s. An execu- 
trix. Tragedy of K. John. 
EXECUTRIX, egz-ek'-u-trlks. n. s. [executrice, 
Fr.] A woman intrusted to perform the will of the 
testator. Bacon,. 
EXEGE'SIS $, eks-e-je'-sk 478, 520. n. s. [{&y W i S .] 

An explanation. 
EXEGET1CAL, eks-e-jet'-e-kal. a. Explanatory; 

expository. Smith. 
EXEGETICALLY* eks-e-jet'-e-kal-le. ad. By 

way of explanation. Bp. Bull. 
EXE'MPLAR$, egz-em'-plar. 88. n.s. [Lat.] A 

pattern ; an example to be imitated. Raleigh. 
EXE'MPLAR*. See Exemplary. 
EXE MPLARILY, egz'-em-plar-e-le. ad. So as de- 



serves imitation. Bp. Hall. So as may warn 
others. Clarendon. In proof. Sir T. Herbert. 
EXE'MPLARINESS, egz'-em-plar-e-nes. n. s. State 

of standing as a pattern to be copied. Tillotson. 
EXEMPLA'RITY*, egz-em-plar'-e-tc. n.s. A pat- 
tern worthy of imitation ; goodness. W. Mounlagu 
EXEMPLARY, egz'-em-plar-e. a. Such as may 
deserve to be proposed to imitation. Bacon. Such 
as may give warning to others. K. Charles. Such 
as may attract notice and imitation. Prior. Illus 
trating as the proof of a thing. Fuller. 
$5= I have given the first syllable of this word, and the 
substantive and adverb formed from it, the flat sound 
of x, directly contrary to analogy, because I think it 
agreeable to the best usage; and in this case analogy 
must be silent ; though I think it ought to be a silence of 
complaisance rather than of consent. 425, 478. W. 

EXE'MPLARY*, egz'-em-plar-e. n. s. [cxemptaire, 
Fr.] A copy of a book or writing. Donne. 

EXEMPLIFICATION, egz-em-ple-fe-ka'-shOn 
n.s. A copy; a transcript. Hay ward. 

EXE'MPLIFIER*, egz-em'-ple-fl-ur. n. s. He that 
followeth the example of others. Huloet. 

To EXE'MPLIFY, egz-em'-ple-fi. 183. v. a. To il- 
lustrate by example. Hooker. To transcribe ; to 

co P.V- S , 

To EXE'MPT §, egz-emf. 412. v. a. [exemptes, Lat.] 

To privilege; to grant immunity from. Shakspeare. 

EXE'MPT, egz-eW. a. Free by privilege. Ayliffe. 

Not subject ; not liable to. B. Jonson.. Clear ; not 

included. Lee. Cut off from. Shakspeare. 

EXEMPTION, egz-em'-sh&n. n. s. Immunity, 

privilege ; freedom from imposts. Baco7i. 
EXE'MPTIBLE*, egz-em'-te-bl. a. Loose ; quit ; 

free ; privileged. Cotgrave. 
EXEMPTITIOUS, egz-em-t'lsh'-us. a. Separable ; 

that may be taken from another. More. 
To EXE'NTERATE $, egz-en'-ter-ate. v. a. [exen- 

tero, Lat.] To embowel. Burton. 
EXENTERATION, egz-en-ter-a'-shfin. *. s. The 

act of taking out the bowels. Brown. 
EXE'QUIAE, egz-e'-kwe-al. «. Funeral ; relating 

to funerals. Pope. 
E'XEQUIES $, eks'-e-kwlz. n. s. [exequies, Lat.] 
Without a singular. Funeral rites ; the ceremony 
of burial ; the procession of burial. Sliakspeare. 
E'XEUUY*. See Exequies. 
EXE'RCENT, egz-er'-sent. a. [exercens, Lai.] Prac- 
tising ; following any calling. AyliJ/e. 
EXERCISABLE*, eks-ur-si'-za-bl. a. Capable of 

being exercised. Hargrove. 
E'XERCISE^, eks'-er-slze. 478. n.s. [exercitium, 
Lat.] Labour of the body; labour, considered as 
conducive to health. Bacon. Something done lor 
amusement. Bacon. Habitual action by which the 
body is formed to gracefulness. Sidney. Prepara- 
tory practice in order to skill. Use ; actual appli- 
cation of any thjng. Hooker. Practice; outward 
performance" Addison. Employment. Locke. Task ; 
that which one is appointed to perform. Milton. 
Act of divine worship, whether publick or private. 
Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical. 
To E'XERCISE, eks'-er-size. v. a. [exerceo, Lat.] 
To employ; to engage in employment. Locke. 
To train by use to any act. Locke. To make 
skilful or dexterous by practice; to habituate 
Hchr. v. To busy; to keep busy. Atlerbury. To 
task ; to keep employed as a penal injunction. 
Eccl. i. To practise; to perform. Bacon. To 
exert ; to put in use. St. Matt. xx. To practise or 
use in order to habitual skill. Drydcn. 
To E'XERCISE, eks'-er-size. v.'n. To use exer- 
cise ; to labour for health or for amusement. 
Broome. 
EXERCISER, eks'-er-sl-zSr. n.s. He that directs 
or uses exercise. Diet. He that practises or per- 
forms an office or duty. Fulke. 
EXERCITATION, egz-er-se-ta'-shun. n. s. Exer- 
cise. Brown. Practice ; use. Felton. 
EXE'RGUE*, fez-erg/, n. s. [Fr.] That part of 
the medal whicli belongs not to the general device 
or subject of it, but which contains, m a corner of 
358 



EXII 



EXI 



— n6, move, nfir, not ;— tube, tab, bull ;— 6'il ;— pAfind ;— thin, thjs. 



it, or under a lino or figure, the name of the au- 
thor, or some collateral circumstance. 
2'oEXERT^.egz-ert / .47fJ. v. a. [exero, Lat.] To 
use with an effort. Dn/ilcn. To pm forth ; to per- 
tbrm. South. To enforce ; to push to an dibit. 
Din/dm. To bring out. Dryden. To emit 3 to 
push out. PkilHps. 
EXE RTION, egz-eV-shun. n. s. The act oi' exert- 
ing - ; eflbrt. Robertson. 
EXE SION, egz-e'-zhiin. fi.s. [exesus, Lat.] The act 

of eating through. Brown. 
EXESTUATION, Ogz-es-tshu-a'-shun. n. s. [rxas- 
tuo. Lnt.] The state of boiling; effervescence ; 
ebullition. Boyle. 
To EXFOLIATE §, eks-ftV-le-ate. v. n. [ex and 
folium, Lat.] To shell off; separate, as a corrupt 
bone from the sound part. Wiseman. 
EXFOLIATION, eks^-le-a'-shim. n. s. The pro- 
cess by which the corrupted part of the bone sepa- 
rates from the sound. Burnet. 
EXFOLIATIVE, eks-f^-le-a-tiv. a. That has the 

power of procuring exfoliation. Wiseman. 
EXHA'LABLE, egz-ha'-la-bl. 405. a. That may be 

evaporated. Boyle. 
EXHALATION, egz-ha-la'-shiui. n. s. [exhalatio. 
Lat.] The act of exhaling or sending out in va- 
pours ; emission. Sir T. Broun. The state of 
evaporating or flying out in vapours ; evaporation. 
That which rises in vapours. Milton. 
7'o EXHALE y, egz-hale'. 478. v. a. [exhalo, Lat.] 
To send or draw out in vapours. Temple. To draw 
out. Shakspeare. 
Tgr Though the ablest grammarians (Bcauzee Gram- 
mairc Generate, torn. i. p. 66.) have determined Hlo be 
a consonant, they have not decided whether it belongs 
to the flat or sharp class. If we consult our ear, when 
we place an unaccented x before it, we shall judge it 
belongs to thq former, as the x in this situation gene- 
rally slides into gi. W. 

EXHA'LEMENT, egz-hale'-ment. n. s. Matter ex- 
haled ; vapour. Broun. 

To EXHA'USTy, egz-hawst'. 425. v. a. To drain ; 
to diminish. Bacon. To draw out totally ; to draw 
till nothing is left. Locke. To draw forth. Shak- 
speare. 

EXHA'UST* egz-hawst'. a. Drained ; deprived of 
strength. Burton. 

EXHA'USTER*, Sgz-haws'-tfir. n. s. One who 
draws out totallv. Ellis. 

EXHAUSTIBLE*, egz-haws'-te-bl. a. Capable of 
being exhausted. Jolinson. 

EXHA'USTION, egz-haws'-tsh&n. 464. n. s. The 
act of drawing or draining'. Wotton. 

EXHA'USTMENT*, egz-hawst'-ment. n.s. Drain; 
diminution ; outgoing. Bp. Williams. 

EXHATJSTLESS, egz-hawst'-les. a. Not to be emp- 
tied; inexhaustible. Blackmore 

To EXHE'REDATE §*, egz-her'-e-date, v. a. [ex- 
hmredo, Lat.] To disinherit. Hi Joel. 

EXHEREDATION*, egz-her-e-da'-shun. n. s. A 
disinheriting. Chambers. 

To EXHI'BIT y,£gz-hib'-ft. 478. v. a. [exhibeo, Lat.] 
To offer to view or use ; to offer or propose in a 
formal manner. Clarendon. To show ; to display. 
Pope. 

EXHI'BIT*, egz-h?b'-it. n. s. Any paper formally 
exhibited in a court of law or equitv. Coicel. 

EXHI'BITER, egz-Mb'-lt-ur. n.s. He that offers 
an}' thing in a publick manner. Shak. He that 
displays to publick view. Gayton. 

EXHIBITION, egz-he-blsh'-flu. n. s. The act of 
exhibiting ; display. Grew. Allowance ; salary ; 
pension. Swift. Pavment ; recompense. Shak. 

EXHIBITIONER*, egz-he-b'ish'-un-ur. n. s. One 
who, in our English universities, receives a pension 
or allowance, bequeathed by benefactors for the 
encouragement of learning. 

EXHTBITIVE, egz-hhV-c-uV. a. Representative; 
displaying. Norris. 

EXIIFBIT1VELY*, egz-hlb'-e-tiv-le. ad. Repre- 
sentatively. Waterland. 

EXHI BITOR*, egz-hlb'-lt-ur. See Exhibited 



INHIBITORY*, egz-hib'-e-tur-e. a. Setting forth; 

showing. Warton. 
To EXHFLARATEy, egz-hil'-a-rate. v. a. [exhi/a- 

ro, Lat.] To make cheerful ; to cheer ; to lill with 

mirth ; to enliven. Bacon. 
7\? EXHILARATE*, egz-hil'-a-rate. v.n. To be- 
come glad. Bacon. 
EXHILARATION, egz-hll-a-ra'-shun. n. s. The 

act of giving gayety. The state of being enlivened. 

Bacon. 
To EXHO'RTy, egz-hort'. v. a. [exhortor, Lat.] To 

incite bv words to any good action. 1 Thess. iv. 
EXHO'RT* egz-hdrt'. n. s. Exhortation. Pope. 

Ob. T. 
EXHORTATION, eks-h6r-uV-shun. n. s. The act 

of exhorting; incitement to good. Alterbury. The 

form of words bv which one is exhorted. Shak. 
EXHO'RTATIVE*, eks-hor'-td-tiv. a. Containing 

exhortation. Banoiv. 
EXHG'RTATORY, ^gz-hSr'-ta-tur-e. 512. [See 

Doiwestick.] a. Tending to exhort. Cockeram. 
EXHO'RTER, egz-hdr'-tur. n. s. One who exhorts 

or encourages by words. Huloet. 
EXHUMA'TlON*, egz-hu-ma'-shun. n. s. [ex ana 

humus, Lat.] The act of unburying, or removing 

out of the grave. Seward. 
To EXFCCATEy, ek-sik'-kate. v. a. [exsicco. Lat.] 

To dry. Diet. 

{£5= The firs 4 syllable of this word (strictly speaking) 
ought to be pronounced according to the rule laid down 
under the preposition ex .- but in this pronunciation we 
totally lose the sharp .?, which commences the Latin 
word sicco, to dry, of which this word is compounded ; 
and thus the sound of the word is radically injured, and 
its etymology lost. But, it will be said, the Latins made 
the same excision of the radical s, on account of the 
coincidence with the 5 contained in the x of the prepo- 
sition, and wrote the word exicco. It. is allowed these 
corruptions obtained amongst them, as amongst us; 
though it is doubtful whether the same inconvenience 
arose amongst them in this word, as with us : for Vos- 
sius makes it highly probable that the Latins never 
gave the flat sound ejrz to the letter x ; and the best 
manuscripts inform us, that writing this word with an 
x, as exsicco, and thus preserving the composition 
distinct and perfect, is the most accurate orthogra- 
phy. W. 

EXICCATION, ek-sik-ka'-slnm. n. s. , Arefaction 
act of drying up; state of being dried up. Bent- 
leu. 

EXl'CCATIVE, gk-sfk'-ka-liv. 512. a. Drying fn 
quality; having the power of drying. 

EXIGENCE §, eV-se-jense. ) n. s. Demand ; want ; 

EXIGENCY Mk'-se-jen-se. S .need. Hooker. 
Pressing necessity; sudden occasion. Broome. 

F/XIGENT, ek'-se-jent. n. s. [cxigens, Lat.] Press- 
ing business; occasion that requires immediate 
help. Hooker. A law term ; a writ sued when 
the defendant is not to be fouroL Hanmar. End. 
Shakspeare. 

E'XIGENT*, ek'-se-jent. a. Pressings requiring im- 
mediate aid. Burke. 

EXIGUTTYy, eks-e-gu'-e-te. n. s. [exiguitas, Lat.] 
Smallness ; diminutiveness ; slenderness. Boyle. 

EXI'GUOUS, egz-fg'-u-us. a. Small; diminutive, 
little. Harvey. 

E'XILEy, dks'-ile. n.s. [exilium, Lat.] Banishment- 
state of being banished. Shak. The person ban- 
ished. Dryden. 

05° This word, as a substantive, has the accent always 

' on the first syllable ; as a verb, it was formerly accent- 
ed on either syllable ; but it is now, as Mr. Nares ob- 
serves, universally accented as the noun. W. 

To EXILE, eg-zlle'. 492. [eksMle.] v.a. To banish 
to drive from a country. SJmksy^are. 

EXFLEy, eg-zile'. 478. a. [exilis, Lat.] Small; 
slender ; not full ; not powerful. Bacon. 

JfV This word, as an adjective derived from the Latir 

/ exilis, is by N;rres, Sheridan, Ash, and Entick, ac- 
cented on the last syllable. The third edition oi 
Johnson's folio edition has the accent on the last also; 
but the quarto edition has it on the first. Authority is 
certainly on the side of the ultimate accent ; but it may 
be questioned whether it is not contrary to analogy ; for 
359 



EXO 



EXP 



(ET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, phi ;- 



the penultimate t, being long in Latin, has no necessary 
influence on the English word, any more than it has on 
hostile, servile, &c. W. 
EXPLEMENT, eg-zlle'-ment n. s. Banishment. 

Wotton. 
EXIL1TION, £ks-e-llsh'-un. n. s. [exililio, Lat.] 
The act of springing or rushing out suddenly. 
Brown. 
EXI'LITY, fig-zll'-e-te. n. s. Slenderness ; smallness ; 

diminution. Bacon. 
EXI'MIOUS, %-zW-e-us. a. [eximius, Lat.] Fa- 
mous ; eminent ; conspicuous ; excellent. Barrow. 
To EXl'NANITE §*, e'g-zln'-a-nite. v. a. [exinanio, 
Lat.] To make empty ; to spoil ; to weaken ; to 
make of no force. Pearson. Ob. T. 
EXINANITION, eg-zln-a-nlsh'-un. n.s. Privation; 

loss. Bp. Hall. 
To EXI'ST §, eg-zlst'. 478. v. n. [exists, Lat.] To be ; 

to have a being. South. 
EXISTENCE, eg-zfs'-tense. ) n. s. [existentia, low 
EX1STENC Y, eg-zis'-ten-se. $ Lat.] State of be- 
ing ; actual possession of being. Brown. A being. 
Taller. 
EXVSTENT, eg-zls'-t^nt. a. Having being; in 

possession of being. Brown. 
EXISTENTIAL*, eg-zis-ten'-shal. a. Having exis- 
tence. Bp. Barlow. 
EXlSTIMAT10N,eg-z?s-te-ma-shun. n.s. [existi- 

matho, Lat.] Opinion. Esteem. 
E'XIT, eks'-lt. n. s. [Lat.] The term set in the mar- 
gin of plays to mark the time at which the player 
goes off. Recess ; departure ; act of quitting the 
theatre of life. Shak. Passage out of any place. 
Glancilk. Way by which there is a passage out. 
Woodward. 
EXITIAL, egz-?sh'-yal. 113. )a. [exitialis, Lat.] 
EXITIOUS, egz-lsh'-y&s. \ Destructive; fatal"; 

mortal. Homilies. Ob. J. 
E'XODE*, £ks'-6de. n. s. [f|o<5iov.J An interlude, or 

farce, at the end of a tragedy. Roscommon. 
E'XODUS, £ks y -6-dus. ) n. s. [l^oSoi.] Departure ; 
E'XODY, e'ks'^-de. $ journey from a place : the 
second book of Moses is so called, because it de- 
scribes the journevofthe Israelites from Egypt. Hale, 
EXOLETE, eks'-6-lete. a. [exoktus, Lat.] Obso- 
lete • out of use. Did. 
EXOLUTION, eg-z6-lu'-sh&n 

nerves. Brown. 
To EXO'LVE, egz-olv'. v. a. [exolvo, Lat.] To 

loose ; to pay. Diet. 
EXO MPHALOS, egz-om'-fa-l6s. 

<pa\os.] A navel rupture. 
To EXONERATE $, egz-&n'-eY-ate. v. a 

Lat.] To unload ; to disburden. Rati. 
EXONERATION, egz-6n-er-a'-sh&n. n. 
of disburdening, or discharging. Grew. 
EXONERATIVE*, egz-oir'-er-a-uV. a 

from any charge or burden. 
EXOTTABLE/%z ^p'-ta-bl. a. [exoptabilis, Lat.] 
Desirable ; to be sought with eagerness or de 
sire. 
E 7 XORABLE§, eks'^-ra-bl. 405. a. [exorabilis, 

Lat.] To be moved by entreaty. Harrington 
To E'XORATE*, eks'-o-rate. v. a. [exoro, Lat.] To 

obtain bv request. Cockeram. 
EXORBITANCE Mgz-oV-be-tanse. 7n. s. The 
EXORBITANCY §, egz-or'-be-tan-se. \ act of go 
ing out of the track prescribed. Spenser. Enormity; 
gross deviation from rule or right. Bp. Hall, 
Boundless depravity. Garth. 
EXORBITANT $, egz-or'-be-tant. a. [ex and or- 
bilo, Lat.] Going out of the prescribed track. De- 
viating from the course appointed, or rule establish- 
ed. Woodward. Anomalous ; not comprehended 
in a settled rule or method. Hooker. Enormous 
beyond due proportion ; excessive. Addison. 
EXORBITANTLY*, egz-or'-be-tant-le. ad. Be 

yond all bound or rule. Sir G. Buck. 
To EXORBITATE, egz-cV-be-tate. v. n. [ex and 
orbiio, Lat.] To deviate ; to go out of the track or 
road prescribed. Spenser. 
To EXORCISES, eks'-dr-slze. v. a. [# 0f wcf£u>.] To 



Laxation of the 
, Lat.] T 
n. s. [f£ and tip 
[exonero 
. The act 
Freeing 



abjure by some holy name. To drive away 
spirits by certain forms of abjuration. To purity 
from the influence of malignant spirits by religious 
ceremonies. Bp. Hall. 
E'XORCISER, £ks'-or-sI-zur. n. s. One who prac- 
tises to drive away evil spirits. Shakspeare. 
E'XORCISM, eks'-6r-sizm. n. s. The iorm of abju- 
ration, or religious ceremony by which evil spirits 
are driven away, Harvey. 
E'XORCIST, gks'-or-slst. n. s. One who, by abjura- 
tions, prayers, or religious acts, drives away ma- 
lignant spirits. Acts, xix. An enchanter ; a con- 
juror. Shakspeare. 
EXORDIAL*,egz-6r'-de-al.a.Introductory.£n>u-tt. 
EXORDIUM, egz-6r'-de-um. n. s. [Lat.] A 
formal preface ; the proemial part cf a composition. 
May. 
EXORNATION, eks-6r-na / -shun. n. s. [exornalio, 
Lat.] Ornament ; decoration ; embellishment. 
Hooker. 
EXO'SSATED, egz-os'-sa-ted. a. [exossatus, Lat.] 

Deprived of bones. Diet. 
EXOSTOSIS, eks-6s-t6'-sk 520. n.s. {% and oV 
teov.~) Any protuberance of a bone that is not natu- 
ral. Quirwy. 
J£p I have, in the accentuation of this word, differed from 
Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Ash, and have adhered to a 
Medical Dictionary, which places the accent regularly 
on the penultimate. W. 
EXOSSEOUS, egz-osh'-she-us. a. Wanting bones i 

boneless. Brown. 
EXOTERIC AL $*, egz-6-ter'-e-kal . ) a. [IfaretH- 
EXOTERICK^*, egz-6-teV-ik. S *fr : ]Aierm 
applied to the double doctrine of the ancient phi- 
losophers ; the publick, or exoterick ; the secret, or 
esolerick. Hales. 
E XOTERY*, egz'-6-tir-e. n. s. What is obvious or 

common. Search. 
EXOTIC AL $*,%z-ot'-e-kal. a. [^a,™^.] Foreign; 

not domestick. Bp. Hall. 
EXOTICK, egz-ot'-Ik. a. Foreign ; not produced 

in our own country. Bp. Morion. 
EXO'TICK, 3gz-6t'-Ik. n. s. A foreign plant. Ad- 
dison. 
To EXPAND §, ek-spand'. v. a. [expando, Lat.l To 
spread ; to lay open as a net or sheet. To dilate ; 
to spread out every way. Arbuthnot. 
EXPANSE, £k-spanse'. n. s. [exjiansmn, Lat.l A 
body widely extended without inequalities. Mil- 
ton. 
EXPANSIBILITY, ^k-span-se-blF-e-te. n.s. Ca- 
pacity of extension; possibility to be expanded or 
f>read into a wider surface. Grew. 
PANSIBLE, elc-span'-se-bl. a. Capable to be 
extended. Grew. 
EXPANSION, Sks-pan'-shun. n. s. The state of be- 
ing expanded into a wider surface or greater space. 
Genesis. The act of spreading out. Grew. Ex- 
tent ; space to which any thing is extended. Locke. 
Pure space, as distinct from extension in solid 
matter. Locke. 
EXPANSIVE, eks-pan'-slv. 428. a. Having the 

power to spread into a wider surface. Ray. 
EX PARTE*, els-par'-te. [Lat.] Of the one part. 
A law term, signifying what is executed by one 
side only ; what is related on one part only of the 
matter. 
To EXPATIATES, ^k-spa'-she-ate. 542. v. n. [ex- 
patior, Lat.] To range at large. Leland. To en- 
large upon in language. Broome. To let loose ; 
to allow to ran7r<\ Sprat. 
EXPATIATOR*, £k-spa'-she-a-lur. n.s. One who 

enlarges upon in language. Pegge. 
To EXPATRIATE $*, ek-spat'-re-ate, or ek-spa'- 
tre-ate. v. a. [ex and patria, Lat.] To banish from 
one's native country ; to leave it. Berington. 
EXPATRIATION*, elc-spat -re-a'-shfin. n. s. Ban- 
ishment, voluntary or compulsory ; emigration. 
ToEXPE'CTS, ek-spSkt'. v. a. [expecto, Lat.] To 
have a previous apprehension of either good or 
evil. Jerem. xxix. To wait for ; to attend the com- 
ing. Milton. 

360 



EXP 



EXP 



—no. move, nor, nflt ;— tube, tub, bftll ;— oil ;— pound ;— thin, this. 



To wait 



to stay. 
To be expect 



To EXPECT, ek-spekt 

Samli/s. 
EXPE'CT ABLE, ek-spek'-ta-bl. a. 

ed ; to be hoped or feared. Brown. 
EXPECTANCE, ek-speV-tanse. ) n. s. The act or 

EXPECTANCY, ek-spek'-tan-se. S state of ex- 
pecting. Shakspeare. Something expected. Sliak- 
sfvare. Hope. Shakspeare. 
EXPECTANT, Zk-spek'-iant. a. [Fr.] Waiting 

ia expectation. Chaucer. 
EXPECTANT, ek-spek'-tant. n. s. One vlio waits 

in expectation of any thing. Spenser. 
EXPECTATION, ek-spek-ta'-shun. n. s. The act 
ot expecting. Shak. 1 he state of expecting either 
with hope or fear. Rogers. Prospect of any thing 
good to come. Ps. lxh. The object of happy ex- 
pectation ; the Messiah expected. Milton. A state 
in which something excellent is expected from us. 
Sidney. 
EXPE'CT ATIVE*. ek-spek'-ta-llv. a. Expecting. 

Cot grave. 
EXPECTATrVE*, ek-spek'-ta-t!v. n.s. The object 

of expectation. Sir H. Wotton. 
EXPECTER, ek-spek'-tur. n. s. One who has hopes 
of something. Swift. One who waits, for another. 
Shak. The name of a sect who had no determi- 
nate religion. Pagiit. 
EXPECTORANTS*, gks-pel'-to-rants. n. s. Medi- 
cines which promote expectoration. 
To EXPECTORATE §, eks-pek'-ti-rate. v. a. [ex 

and pectus, Lat.] To eject from the breast. 
EXPECTORATION, eks-pek-ti-ra'-shfln. n. s. 
The act of discharging from the breast. That dis- 
charge which is made by coughing. Quincy. 
EXPECTORATIVE, Sks-peV-t6-ra-tiv. 512. a. 
Having the quality of promoting expectoration. 
Harveif. 
To EXPE'DIATE*, 3ks-pe'-de-ate. v. a. [expedier, 
old Fr.] To expedite ; to despatch. Sir E. San- 
dys. Ok T. 

n.s. Fit 
ness 5 propri- 
Expedition ; 
Shak. 
EXPEDIENT $, eks-pe'-de-gn't, or ex-pe'-je-ent. 
b 293. a. [expedient, old Fr.] Proper ; fit ; conveni- 
ent ; suitable. Hooker. Quick 5 expeditious. Shak- 
speare. 
EXPE'DIENT; gks-p^'-de-ent. n.s. That which 
helps forward, as means to an end. Decay of Piety . 
A shift ; means to an end contrived in an exigence, 
or difficulty. Dryden. 
EXPEDIENTLY, eks-pe'-de-ent-le. ad. Fitly; 
suitably; conveniently. Hastily; quickly. Shak- 
speare. 
I'oEXPETHTATE^eks-ped'-e-tate. v. a. [expe- 
dito, low Lat.] To cut off the balls, or certain 
claws of great dogs' feet, that they may not harm 
ihe king's deer. Chambers. 
EXPEDITA'TION*, eks-ped-e-t;V-shfin. n.s. [In 
the forest laws.] The mutilation of dogs' feet. 
Ashmole. 
To EXPEDITER gks'-pe-dlte. v. a. [expedio, Lat.] 
To facilitate; to free from impediment. Milton. 
To hasten ; to quicken. Swift. To despatch ; to 
issue from a publick office. Bacon. 
EXPEDITE, eks'-pe-dite. a. Quick ; hasty ; soon 
performed. Sandys. Easy ; disencumbered ; clear. 
Hooker. Nimble ; active ; agile. Tillotson. Light 
armed. Bacon. 
E'XPEDITELY, eks'-pe-dlte-le. ad. With quick- 
ness ; readiness ; haste. Grew. 
EXPEDITION. eks-pe-dlsh'-un. n.s. Haste j speed; 
activity. Hooker. A march or voyage with mar 
tial intentions. SJiakspeare. 
EXPEDITIOUS, eks-pe-dfeh'-us. a. Speedy ; 
quick ; soon done. Shakspeare. Nimble ; swift ; 
acting with celerity. 
EXPEDITIOUSLY, eks-pe-dfsh'-us-le. a. Speedi- 
ly ; nimblv. 
E'XPEDIT IVE*, Sks'-pe-de-uV. a. Performing with 
speed. Bacon. 

46 



To EXPE'L$, £ks-peT. v. a. [expello, Lat.] To 
out ; to force away. Jos. xxiii. To eject ; to 



EXPEDIENCE, 
EXPE' 

ety ; suitableness to an end. South. 
adventure. Shak. Haste; despatch. 



DIENCE, eks-pe'-de-ense. 7316. 
'DIENCY, eks-pe'-de-Sn-se. \ nei 



To drive 

throw 

out. Bacon. 

of residence. Dryden. To reject ; to refuse. Spen- 
ser. To keep off; to exclude. Shakspeare. 
EXPE'LLER, eks-peT-lur. n. s. One that expels or 

drives away. 
EXPENCE*. See Expense. 
To EXPEND^ elcs-pend'. v. a. [expendo, Lat.] To 

lay out ; to spend. Shakspeare. 
EXPENDITURE*, eks-pen'-de-tshure. n.s. Cost, 

disbursement. 
EXPENSE §, eks-pense'. n. s. [expensum, low Lat. 

Costs ; charges ; money expended. Woodward. 
EXPENSEFUL, eks-pense'-ful. a. Costly ; expen- 
sive. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
EXPENSEFULLY*, eks-pense'-ful-le. ad. In a 

costly way ; at great charge. Weeve.r. 
EXPE'NSELESS, eks-pense'-l&. a. Without cost. 

Milton. 
EXPENSP7E, eks-pen'-sfv. 428. a. Given to ex- 
pense; extravagant. Temple. Costly; requiring 
expense. Liberal ; distributive. Sprat. 
EXPENSIVELY, eks-pen'-siv-le. ad. With great 

expense. Donne. 
EXPENSIVENESS,eks-peV-slv-ngs. n.s. Addic- 
tion to expense; extravagance. Lowth. Costli- 
ness. Arbuthnot. 
EXPEDIENCE §, ^ks-pe'-re-ense. n. c. [experientia, 
Lat.] Practice; frequent trial. Raleigh. Knowl- 
edge gained by practice. Shelion. 
To EXPE RIENCE, gks-pe'-re-ense. v. a. To try ; 

to practise. To know by practice. Milton.. 
EXPERIENCED, elcs-pe'-re-enst. part. a. Made 
skilful by experience. Locke. Wise b} r long prac- 
tice. Pope.' 
EXPERIENCER, eks-pe'-re-en-sur. n. s. One who 

makes trials ; a practiser of experiments. Digby. 
EXPEDIENT* gks-pe'-re-ent. a. Having experi- 
ence. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
EXPERIMENT §, eks-per'-e-ment. n. s. [experi- 
mentum, Lat.] Trial of any thing ; something done 
in order to discover an uncertain or unknown ef- 
fect. Bacon. 
To EXPERIMENT, gks-peV-e-ment. v. a. To try; 
to search out by trial. Sir T. Herbert. To know 
by experience. Herbert. 
To EXPERIMENT*, els-per'-e-ment. v. n. To 

make experiment. Ray. 
EXPERIMENTAL, gks-per-e-men'-tal. a. Pertain- 
ing to experiment. Built upon experiment. Brown. 
Known by experiment or trial. Newton. 
EXPERIMENTALIST*, ^ks-per-e-men'-tal-fst. 

n. s. One who makes experiments. Burgess. 
EXPERIMENTALLY, gks-per-e-men'-tal-e. ad. 

By experience ; by trial. Bp. Hall. 
EXPERIMENTER, eks-per'-e-men-tur. n. s. One 

who makes experiment. Digby. 
EXPERT Mks-perf. a. [expertus, Lat.] Skilful; 
addressful; intelligent. Shak. Ready; dexterous. 
Dryden. Skilful Dy practice or experience. Ba- 
con. 
To EXPERT*, eks-perf. v. a. To experience 

Spenser. Ob. T. 
EXPERTLY, eks-pert'-le. ad. In a skilful, ready 

manner. Huloet. 
EXPERTNESS, eks-peYt'-nes. n. s. Skill ; readi- 
ness ; dexterity. Shakspeare. 
EXPETIBLE* Sks-peV-e-bl. a. [expetibilis, Lat.] 

To be wished for, or desired. Puller. 
E'XPIABLE, ^ks'-pe-a-bl. 405. a. Capable to be ex- 
piated. Bp. Hall. 
To E'XPIATES, Sks'-pe-ate. 90. v. a. [expio, Lat.] 
To annul the guilt of a crime by subsequent acts of 
piety ; to atone for. Bacon. To avert the threats 
of prodigies. To make reparation for. Claren- 
don. 
EXPIATION, eks-pe-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of ex- 
piating or atoning for any crime. Numbers, xxxv 
The means by which we atone for crimes ; atone- 
ment. Milton" Practices by which the threats of 
ominous prodigies were averted Hay ward. 
361 



EXP 



EXP 



O 3 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 






E'XFIATORY,eks'-pe-^-»^-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. Having the power of expiation. Hooker. 

EXPlLATlON,ei<s-pe-la'-shun. a. s. [exjnlatio, 
Lat.] Robbery ; the act of committing- waste upon 
land to the loss of the heir. Cockeram. 

EXPIRATION, eks-pe-ra'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
respiration which thrusts the air out of the lungs. 
Bacon. The last emission of breath ; death. 
Pearson. Evaporation ; act of fuming out. How- 
ell. Vapour ; matter expired. Bacon. The cessa- I 
tion of any thing to which life is figuratively as- | 
oribed. Boyle. The conclusion of any limited 
time. Shakspeare. 

To EXP1 RE §. gk-spW. v. n. [expiro, Lat.l To 
breathe out. Spenser. To exhale ; to send but in I 
exhalations. Woodward. To close} to conclude ; 
to bring to an end. Spenser. 

To EXPFRE, ek-splre'. v. a. To make an emission 
of the breath. Walton. To die ; to breathe the 
last. Pope. I'o perish 5 to fall ; to be destroyed. 
Spenser. To fly out with a blast. Dryden. To 
conclude ; to come to an end. Shakspeare. 

EXPISCA'TION* Sks-pls-ka'-shun. n. s. [ex and 
piwatio, Lat.] A fishing. Chapman. 

To EXPLA 7 IN§, £ks-plane'. v. a. [explano, Lat.] 
To expound ; to illustrate ; to clear. Ayliffe. 

EXPLAINABLE, eks-plane'-a-bl. a. Capable of 
being explained or interpreted. Brown. 

EXPLAINER,, £ks-plane'-fir. n.s. Expositor; in- 
terpreter; commentator. Milton. 

EXPLANATION, eks-pla-na'-shun. n. s. The act 
of explaining or interpreting. The sense given by 
an explainer. Swiff. 

EXPLANATORY, £ks-plan'-a-tur-e. [See Domf.s- 
tick.1 a. Containing explanation. Swift. 

EXPLETION§*,eks-ple'-shun.n.s. [expletio, Lat.] 
Accomplishment Killingbeck. 

E'XPLETIVE, eks'-ple-liv. 157. n. s. [expletivum, 
Lat.] Something used only to take up room. 
Swift. 

E'XPLETORY*, ^ks'-ple-tur-e. a. Filling up ; tak- 
ing up room. Brit. Crit. 

EXPLICABLE, Sks'-ple-ka-bl. a. Explainable; 
possible to be explained. Hale. 

To E'XPLICATE§, gks'-ple-kate. v. a. [explico, 
Lat.] To unfold ; to expand. Blackmore. To ex- 
plain ; to clear. Bp. Taylor. 

EXPLICATION, eks-ple-'ka'-shun. n.s. The act 
of opening, unfolding, or expanding. The act of 
explaining ; interpretation ; explanation. Hooker. 
The sense given by an explainer. Bvrnet. 

E'XPLICATIVE, eV-ple-ka-tlv. a. Having a ten- 
dency to explain. Watts. 

$5= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the accentuation 
of this word. He has placed the accent on the second 
syllable, with the authority of every dictionary, and of 
every good speaker, against him. In the first edition 
of tiiis dictionary, when I supposed Mr. Sheridan's ac- 
centuation of this word agreeable to analogy, I did not 
recollect the verb to explicate, whence it is derived, and 
which, in my opinion, ought to determine its accentua- 
tion. — See Principles, No. 512. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Perry, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Entick, and Barclay, 
place the accent on the first syllable, as I have done. 
W. 

E'XPLICATOR, ^ks'-ple-ka-tfir. n. s. An expound- 
er ; interpreter ; explainer. Shencood. 

E'XPLICATORY*, eks'-ple-ka-tur-e. a. Explica- 
tive. Burrow. 

EXPLl'CIT§.eks-plls'-it. a. [explicitus, Lat.] Un- 
folded; plain; clear; not merely implied. Burnet. 

EXPLICIT*, eks'-plis-it. [Lat.] A word found at 
the conclusion of our old books, signifying the end, 
or it is finished : as we now find finis. 

EXPLICITLY, £ks-pl!s'-')t-le. ad.' Plainly; directly; 
not merely by inference. Gov. of the Tonsriie. 

EXPLI'ClTNESS*, eks-plis'-lt-nes. n. s. The state 
of being explicit. Ash. 

7\> EXPLODES, eks-nlode'. v. a. [explodo, Lat.] 
To drive out disgracefully with some noise of con- 
tempt. Milton. To drive out with noise and vio- 
lence. Blackmore. 



EXPLODER, eks-plo'-d&r. n. s. A hisser; one 
who drives out with open contempt. South. 

EXPLOIT §, eks-pldit'. n. s. [expletum, Lat.] A de- 
sign accomplished ; an achievement ; a successful 
attempt. Milton. 

To EXPLOIT, eks-pldit'. v. a. To perform; to 
achieve. Camden. 

EXPLOITABLE*, eks-plSlt'-a-bl. a. Capable of 
being achieved. Cotgrave. 

EXPLOITURE*, eks-ploe'-tshure. n.s. Achieve- 
ment. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 

To EXPLORATEy, eks-pl6'-rate. v. a. To search 
out ; to explore. Brown. 

EXPLORATION, eks-pto-ra'-shun. n. s. Search , 
examination. Brown. 

EXPLORATOR, eks-pl6-ra'-lfir. n.s. One who 
searches; an examiner. Hallywell. 

EXPLORATORY, eks-pl6r'-a-t&r-e. a. Searching; 
examining. Wotton. 

25=* In this word, as in declaratory, we may perceive the 
shortening power of the pre-antepenultiinate accent; 
which, like the antepenultimate, when not followed by 
a diphthong, shortens every vowel but u. 511, 535. W 

To EXPLO'REy, eks-plfW. 503. v. a. [exploro, 
Lat.] To try ; to search into ; to examine by trial. 
Milton. 
EXPLOREMENT, eks-phW-ment. n. s. Search 

trial. Brown. 
EXPLOSION, Sks-pl6'-zhun. n. s. The act of driv- 
ing out any thing with noise and violence. Wood- 
ward. 
EXPLOSIVE, eks-pl6'-siv. 158,428. a. Driving out 

with noise and violence. Woodward. 
EXPOL1AT10N*, eks-p6-le-a'-shun. n. s. [expo/ia- 

tio, Lat.] A spoiling or wasting. Bp. Halt. 
To EXPOLISH*, eks-pol'-lish. v. a. [expolio, Lat.] 

To polish exquisitely. Heywood. 
EXPONENT §, eks-prV-nent. n.s. [expono, Lat.] 
Exponent of the ratio, or proportion between any 
two numbers or quantities, is the exponent arising 
when the antecedent is divided by the consequent : 
thus six is the exponent of the ratio which thirty 
hath to five. Harris. 
EXPONENTIAL, £ks-p6-neV-shal. a. Exponential 
curves are such as partake both of the nature of 
algebraick and transcendental ones. Harris. 
ToEXPO'RTy, gks-pdrf. via. [exporto, Lat.] To 
carry out of a country, generally in the way of 
traffick. Bacon. 
E'XPORT, els'-port. 492. n. s. Commodity carried 

out in traffick. Bp. Berkeley. 
EXPORTABLE*, gks-pirt'-a-bl. a. Which maybe 

exported. 
EXPORTATION, eks- P 6r-ta'-shun. n. s. The act 
or practice of carrying out commodities into other 
countries. Swi/l. Simply, the act of carrying out. 
Smith. The state of being carried out. Bourne. 
EXPO'RTER, eks-n6r'-tur. n.s. He that carries 

out commodities. Locke. 
To EXPOSES, ^ks-poze'. v. a. [expono, expositum, 
Lat.] To lay open; to make liable. Shak. To 
put in the power of anv thing. Dryden. To lay 
open ; to make bare. Dryden. To lay open to 
censure or ridicule. Dryden. To lay open to ex- 
amination. Locke. To put in danger. Clarendon 
To cast out to chance. Locke. To censure ; to 
treat with dispraise. Addison. 
EXPO'SER*. eks-p6'-zur. n. s. An explainer ; an in- 
terpreter. Cotgrave. One who lays open to con- 
tempt or ridicule. 
EXPOSITION, eks-po-zish'-un. n. s. The situation 
in which any thing is placed with respect to the 
sun or air. Arbuthnot. Explanation ; interpreta- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
EXPO'SITIVE*, Sks-p&z'-e-tiv. a. Explanatory; 

containing exposition. Pearson. 
EXPOSITOR , eks-p6z'-e-tur. n. s. [Lat.] Explain- 
er ; expounder ; interpreter. Locke. 
EXPOSITORY*, eks-p&z'-e-t&r-e. a. Explanatory. 

Johnson. 
To EXPOSTULATED eks- P 6s'-tshu-late. 463. 
v. n. [expostido, Lat.] To canvass with another ; 
362 



EXP 



EXT 



-no, m6ve, udr, not ;— tube, tiib, biill ;— 6)1 ;— pound ;— thin, 



to altercate; to debate without open rupture. Shak- 
sptecre. 

To EXPOSTULATE*, eks-p6s'-tshu-late. v. a. 
To discuss; to inquire into; to examine. Aslieton. 

EXPOSTULATION, Sks-pds-tshu-la '-shun, n. s. 
Debate ; altercation ; discussion of an affair with- 
out rupture. Spectator. Charge ; accusation. Aii- 
litfr. 

EXPO'STULATOR, eks-pos^tshi-la-tto. 521. n. s. 
One that debates with another without open rup- 
ture. 

EXPO'STULATORY, eks- P 6s'-tshu-la-tur-c.. 463, 
512. a. Containing- expostulation. Swift. 

EXPOSURE, eks-po- -zluire. n. s. The act .of ex- 
posing or setting out to observation. The state of 
being open to observation. Skak. The state of be- 
ing exposed to any thing. Sliak. The state of be- 
ing in danger. Shak. Exposition ; situation. jEi;e- 
lyn. 

ToEXPO'UNDS, eks-pofind'. v. a. [erjxmo, Lat.] 
To explain ; to clear ; to interpret. Hooker. To 
examine ; to lay open. Hudibras. 

EXPO'UNDER, eks-poim'-dur. *.*. Explainer; in- 
terpreter. Hooker. 

To EXPRE'SS§, eks-preV. v. a. [expressvs, Lat.] 
To copy ; to resemble ; to represent. Dryden. To 
represent by any of the imitative arts, as poetry, 
sculpture, painting. Smith. To represent in 
words ; tn exhibit by language ; to utter ; to de- 
clare. Milton. To show or make known in any 
manner. Prior. To denote ; to designate. Numb. 
i. To squeeze out ; to force out by compression. 
Bacon. To extort by violence. B. Jonson. 

EXPRE'SS, £ks-preV. a. Copied ; resembling ; ex- 
actly like. Milton. Plain ; apparent ; in direct 
terms. Hooker. Clear; not dubious. Stillingfleet. 
On purpose; for a particular end. Allerbury. 

EXPRE'SS, eks-preV. n. s. A messenger sent on 
purpose. Clarendon. A message sent. K. Charles. 
A declaration in plain terms. JN orris. A represen- 
tation bv sculpture. Gregory. 

EXPRESSIBLE, Sks-pres'-se-bl. a. That may be 
uttered or declared. Woodward. That may be 
drawn by squeezing or expression. 

EXPRESSION, eks-presh'-un. n. s. The act or 
power of representing any thing. Holder. The form 
or mode of language in which any thoughts are 
uttered. Buckingham. A phrase ; a mode of speech. 
Mjson. The act of squeezing or forcing out any 
tiling by a press. Bacon. 

EXPRE'SSIVE, 6ks-pres 7 -siv. a. Having the power 
of utterance or representation. Tickell. 

EXPRE'SSIVELY, eks-pres'-slv-le. ad. In a clear 
and representative way. 

EXPRE'SSIVENESS/eks-pres'-sIv-ngs. n. s. The 
power of expression or representation by words. 
Addison. 

EXPRE'SSLY, eks-pres'-le. ad. In direct terms; 
plainly ; not bv implication. Hooker. 

EXPRE'SSNESS*, eks-pres'-nes. n. s. The power 
of expression. Hammond. 

EXPRE'SSURE, eks-presh'-ure. 452. n.s. Expres- 
sion ; utterance. Shale. The form ; the likeness 
represented. Shale. The mark; the impression. 
Shakspeare. Oh. J. 
To E'XPROBRATE $, eks-pr6'-brate. v. a. [expro- 
bro, Lat.] To chirge upon with reproach ; to impute 
openly with blame ; to upbraid. Brown. 

EXPROBRA'TION, eks-prd-bra'-shun., n. s. Re- 
proachful accusation. Hooker. 

E'XPROBR ATI VE*. eks'-pro-brd-tlv. a. Reproach- 

ins ; upbra'ding. Sir A. Sherley. 
To EXPROPRIATE $, eks-pr6'-pre-ate. v. a. [ex 
and proprins, Lat.] To make no longer our own ; 
to hold no longer as a property. Boit/e. 
EXPROPRIATION*, Sks-pro-pre^a'-shfin. n. s. 
The act of making no longer our own. W Moun- 
tain. 
To EXPU'GN $, eks-pftne'. 385, 386. v. a. \expugno, 

Lat.] To conquer ; to take by assault. Fox. 
EXPU'GNABLE*, eks-p&g'-na-bl. a. That may 
be forced, or won by force. Cotgrave. 



EXPUGNATION, cks-pog-na'-shun. n. s. Col 

(most ; the act of taking by assault. Sandys. 
EXPU'GNER*, eks-pu'-nfir. [See Impugner . 

n.s. A forcer; a subduer. Sherwood. 
To EXPU'LSE§, eks-pftlse'. r. a. [expulsue Lat.' 

To drive out ; to expel ; to force away. Bacon. 
EXPU'LSER*, fiks-pdl'-sar. n.s. An expeller. Cot- 

frrave. 
EXIM.T ■LS10N,eks-pul'-shon. n.s. The act of ex- 
pelling or driving out. Siillingjleet. The state of 

being driven out. Raleigh. 
EXPULSIVE, eks-pul'-'siv. 158, 428. «. Having the 

power of expulsion. Wiseman. 
EXPU'NCTION, eks-pungk'-shfin. n.s. Abolition, 

the act of expunging, or effacing. Milton. 
TbEXPUNGE§, eks-p&nje'. v. a. [expungo, Lat.] 

To blot out ; to rub out. Milton. To efface ; to an- 
nihilate. Sandys. 
EXPU NGING*, eks-pun'-jmg. n. s. The act of 

blotting out. Swift. 
jToEXPU'RGATE^eks-pfir'-gate. v. a. [expurgo. 

Lat.] To expunge ; to purge away. Jones. 
EXPURGA'TION. eks-pfir-ga'-shfin. n. s. The act 

of purging or cleansing. Wiseman. Purification 

from bad mixture, as of errour or falsehood. Bp. 

Hall. 
EXPU'RGATOR, eks-pfir'-ga-tur. n.s. One who 

corrects by expunging. Jenkins. 
EXPURGATO'RIOUS*, eks-pur-gu-uV-re-us. a. 

Expunging. Milton. 
EXPU'RGATORY.eks-pur'-ga-tfir-e. a. Employed 

in purging away what is noxious. Brown. 
To EXPU'RGE*, eks-purje'. v. a. To purge away; 

to expunge. Milton. 
ToEXQUFRE*, eks-kwlre'. v. a. [exquiro, Lat.] 

To search into ; to inquire after. Sandys. Ob. T. 
E'XQUISLTES, eks'-kwe-zit. a. [exquisitus, Lat.] 

Farsought ; excellent ; consummate ; complete. 

Hooker. Consummately bad. King Charles. Very 

sensibly felt. Cheyne. Curious; searching into. Milt. 
E'XQUISITELY, eks'-kwe-zft-le. ad. Perfectly; 

completely. Baron. 
E'XQUlSl'TENESS, eks -kwe-zft-nes. n.s. Nicety 

perfection. Bp. Hall. 
EXQUJ'SITIVE* eks-kwfz'-e-uY a. Curious. 
EXOJJ1SITIVELY*, gks-kvvfz'-e-uV-le. ad. Curi- 
ously ; minutely. Sidney. 
To EXSCI'ND*, eks-slnd'. v. a. [exscindo, Lat.] To 

cut off. Johnson. 
To EXSCRPBE §*,eks-skribe'. v. a. [exscribo.LzC 

To copy ; to write out. B. Jonson 
E'XSCRlPT, ek'-skrlpt. n 



s. [exsenptum, Lat.] A 



copy. 



EXSI'CCANT, Sk-snV-kant. a. Drying; having the 

power to dry up. Wiseman. 
To EXSPCCATE $. ek-sik'-kate. [See Exiccate.] 



v.a. [exsicco, Lat.] To dry. Brown 
EXSICCA'TION, ek-slk-ka'-shun. n. i 



The act of 
a. Having the 



drying. Brown. 
EXSFCCATIVE, ek-sik'-ka-ttv 

power of drying. Cotgrave. 
EXSPUI TION, ei-spu-Jsh'-fin. n. s. [expuo, Lat.] 

A discharge of saliva by spitting. Quincu. 
EXSU'CTION, ek-suk'-shim. n.s. [exi'igo, Lat. 

The act of sucking out. Boyle. 
EXSUDATION, ek-su-da'-sh&n. n. s. [exudo, Lat.] 

A sweating out; an extillation. Derham. 
EXSUFFLA'TION$, Sk-sfif-fla'-shnn. n. s. [ex and 

sujjlo, Lat,] A blast working underneath. Bacon. 

AJkind of exorcism. Fvlke. 
EXSU'FFLICATE*. See Exstjffolate. 
EXSU'FFOLATE, ek-^P-f6-late. a. [exsufflare, 

low Lat.] Contemptible ; despicable. Shakspeare. 
To EXSLPSCITATE $. e'k-sQs'-se-tate. v a. [exsus- 

cito, Lat.] To rouse up ; to stir up. Did. 
EXSUSCITA'TION*, ek-siW-ta'-shun. n.s. A 

stirring up ; an awakening. Hallywe/l. 
E'XTANCE*, eV-slanse. n. s. Outward existence. 

Brown. 
E'XTANCY, ek'-stan-se. n.s. The state ot rising 

above the rest. Parts rising up above the rest 

Boyle. 

363 



EXT 



EXT 



XT 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pm ;— 



E'XTANT$, ek'-stant. a. [extans, Lat.] Standing 
out to view ; standing above the rest. Ray. Pub- 
lick ; not suppressed. B. Jonson. 
EXTA'TICAL. ek-stat'-e-kal. ; a. [«<rr<m/cd?.] 
EXTA'TICK, 'ek-stat'-lk. 509. \ Tending to some- 
thing external. Nor/is. Rapturous. Bentley. 
ENTASY §* See Ecstasy. 
To E'XTASY*, ek'-sta-se. v. a. To overcome with 

jov. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
EXTE'MPORAL, eks-t&n'-pi-ral. a. Uttered with- 
out premeditation ; quick ; ready ; sudden. Hooker. 
Speaking without premeditation. B. Jonson. 
EXTE'MPORALLY, gks-tSm'-pA-ril-fc. ad. Quick- 

Iv ; without premeditation. Shakspeare. 
EXTEMPORANEAN* Sks-tem-pi-ra'-ne-an. a. 

Unpremeditated. Burton. 
EXTEMPORANEOUS, efe-tem^-ra'-ne-fis. a. 

Unpremeditated; sudden. Warburton. 
EXTE'MPORARY, eks-tem'-p6-rar-e. a. Uttered 
or performed without premeditation ; sudden ; 
quick. More. Occasional ; for the time. Hammond. 
EXTE'MPORE §, eks-tem'-p6-re. ad. [ex tempore, 
Lat.] Without premeditation; suddenly; readily. 
South. 
EXTE'MPORINESS, gks-tem'-pd-re-nes. n. s. The 
facultv of speaking or acting without premeditation. 
To EXTEMPORIZE, eks-tem'- P 6-rlze. v. n. To 
speak extempore, or without premeditation. South. 
To EXTENDS, eks-tend'. v. a. {extendo, Lat.] To 
stretch out in an} r direction. Donne. To amplify; 
opposed to contract. Wotton. To spread abroad ; 
to diffuse ; to expand. Locke. To widen to a large 
comprehension. Locke. To stretch into assignable 
dimensions; to make local; to magnify so as to 
fill some assignable space. Prior. To enlarge ; 
to continue. Pope. To increase in force or dura- 
tion. Shak. To enlarge the comprehension of any 
position. Hooker. To impart; to communicate. 
Psalm cix. To seize by a course of law. Mas- 
singer. 
To EXTEND, eks-tend'. v.n. To reach to any dis- 
tance. Psalm xvi. 
EXTENDER, eks-ten'-dfir. 98. n. s. That by which 

anv thing is extended. Smith. 
EXTENDIBLE, gks-tgn'-de-bl. a. Capable of ex- 
tension. Arhuthnot. 
EXTENDLESSNESS, eks-tend'-les-nes. n.s. Un- 
limited extension. Hale. 
EXTENSIBILITY, eks-ten-se-bil'-e-te. n. s. The 

qualitv of being extensible. Grew. 
EXTENSIBLE, eks-ten'-se-bl. a. Capable of being 
stretched into length or breadth. Holder. Capable 
of being extended to a larger comprehension. 
Glanviue. 
EXTENSIBLENESS,eks-ten / -se-bl-ne's. n.s. Ca- 
pacity of being extended. 
EXTENSION, gks-tgn'-shun. n. s. [extensio, Lat.] 
The act of extending. * The state of being extend- 
ed. Bacon. 
EXTE'NSIONAL, eks-teV-shun-al. a. Long drawn 

out ; having great extent. More. 
EXTENSIVE, eks-ten'-sfv. 153,428. o. Wide; 

large. Watts. That may be extended. Boyle. 
EXTENSIVELY, £ks-ten'-slv-le. ad. Widely; 

largely. Watts. 
EXTENS1VENESS, eks-ten'-slv-nes. n.s. Large- 
ness; diffusiveness; wideness. Watts. Possibility 
to be extended. Ray. 
EXTENSOR, elcs-ten'-s6r. 166. n. s. [Lat.] The 

muscle by which any limb is extended. Quincy: 
EXTENT, eks-tent'. participle from extend. ^Ex- 
tended. Spenser. 
EXTENT, Sks-tent'. n. s. [extentus, Lat.] Space 
or degree to which any thing is extended. Milton. 
Bulk; size; compass. Milton, Communication; 
distribution. Shak. Execution; seizure. Shak. 
To EXTENUATE §, eks-ten'-u-ate. v. a. [extenuo, 
Lat.] To lessen ; to make small in bulk. Grew. 
To lessen; to diminish in any quality. SJiak. To 
lessen; to degrade. Milton. To lessen; to palliate. 
Shak To make lean. Blount. To make rare, 
to dense. Bacon. 



EXTENUATE* eks-ten'-u-ate. a. Small thir . 
Scott. 

EXTENUA'TION, eks-ten-iVa'-shfin. n. s The act 
of representing things less ill than they are oa.ia- 
lion. Lord Shaftesbury. Mitigation alleviation 
of punishment. Atterbury. A general decav in the 
muscular flesh of the whole body. Haney. 

EXTERIOUR$,eks-te'-re-fir. a. [Lat ] Outward , 

[ external ; not intrinsick. Milton. 

EXTERIOUR* eks-te'-re-fir. n. s. Any outwara ap- 
pearance. Shakspeare. 

EXTERIORITY* eks-te-re-or'-e-te. n.s. Out- 
wardness ; the superficies. Colgrave. 

EXTE'RIOURLY/ks-te'-re-fir-le. ad. Outwardly; 
externally. Shakspeare. 

To EXTERMINATE §, eks-ter'-me-nate. v. a. [ex- 
termino, Lat.] To root out ; to tear up ; to drive 
away ; to abolish ; to destroy. Bentley. 

EXTERMINATION, eks-ter-me-na'-shun. n. s. 
Destruction; excision. Bacon. 

EXTERMINATOR, eks-teV-me-na-tur. 521. n. s. 
That by which any thing is destroyed. Cotgrave. 

EXTERMINATORY*, eks-teV-me-na-tur-e. a. 
Consigning to destruction. Burke. 

To EXTERMINE, gks-teV-mfn. 140. v. a. To ex- 
terminate. Shakspeare. 

EXTERN, gks-tern'. a. External ; outward ; visible. 
Shak. Without itself; not inherent; not intrinsick ; 
not depending on itself. Digby. 

EXTERNALS, eks-teV-nal. a. [externus, Lat.] Out- 
ward ; not proceeding from itself; opposite to in- 
ternal. Til/otson. Having the outward appear- 
ance. South. 

EXTERNALITY*, gks-ter-nal'-e-te. n.s. External 
perception. A. Smifli. 

EXTERNALLY, Sks-ter'-nal-e. ad. Outwardly. 
Bp. Taylor. 

To EXTVL, ek-stll'. v.n. [ex and stillo, Lat.] To 
drop or distil from. 

EXTILLA'TION, Sk-stil-la'-shun. n. s. The act of 
falling in drops. Derham. 

To EXTI'MUL ATE $, £k-stim'-£-late. v. a. [extim- 
ulo, Lat.] To prick; to incite by stimulation. 
Brown. 

EXTI'MUL ATION, gk-stfrn-A-la'-shun. n. s. Pun- 

fency ; power of exciting motion or sensation. 
iacon. 

EXTINCT §, ek-stingkt 7 . 408. a. [extinctus, Lat.] 
extinguished ; quenched ; put out. Isaiah, xliii. At 
a stop; without progressive succession. Job, xvii. 
Abolished; out of force. Ayliffe. 
To EXTINCT*, £k-st?ngkt'. v. a. To make extinct; 
to put out. Acts of Pari 23 Hen. VIII. 

EXTINCTION, Sk-stmgk'-shfin. 408. n.s. The act 
of quenching or extinguishing. Brown. The slate 
of being quenched. Haney. Destruction; excis- 
ion. Rogers. Suppression. Thomson. 

To EXTINGUISH $, ^k-sting'-gwish. v. a. [extin- 
guo, Lat.] To put out ; to quench. Dryden. To 
suppress ; to destroy. Hayward. To cloud; to ob- 
scure. Shakspeare. 

EXTINGUISHABLE, ek-stmg'-gwJsh-a-bl. 405. 
a. That may be quenched, suppressed, or destroy- 
ed. Sherwood. 

EXTINGUISHER, ^k-sting'-gwfsh-ur. n. s. A hol- 
low cone put upon a candle to quench it. More. 
Simply, that which quenches or puts out. Wliitlock. 

EXTINGUISHMENT, ek-st?ng'-gwlsh-ment. n.s. 
Extinction ; suppression ; act of quenching ; de- 
struction. Bacon. Abolition ; nullification. Hooker. 
Termination of a family. Davies. 

To EXTIRP, ek-sterp'. 108. v. a. To eradicate; 
to root out. Spenser. 

EXTIRPABLE*, ek-steV-pa-bl. a. That may be 
eradicated. Evelyn. 

To EXTIRPATES, ek-ster'-pate. v. a. [txtirpo, 
Lat.] To root out; to eradicate; to exscind, 
Dryden. 

EXTIRP A'TION, Sk-ster-pa'-shfin. n.s. Erad'ca 
tion; excision; destruction. Hooker. 

EXTIRP A'TOR,ek-steV-pa-tur. 166,521 n.s One 
who roots out ; a destroyer. 
364 



I 


:xt 








EXT 


-no, 


mSve 


ndr, not ; 


—tube, tftb, bfldl ;— dil 


i — pound ; 


—//tin, THis. 



EXTISPICIOCJS, ek-ste-sp1sh'-a s . a. [extispknn, 
Lat.] Augurial ; relating lo the inspection of en- 
trails in order to prognostication. Brown. 

To EXTOL*, ek-stdf. 406. v. a. [e.rtolto, LatJ To 

f »raise j to magnify; to laud; to celebrate. Psalm 
xviii. 
EXTO'LLER, eks-tolMfir. n.s. Apraiser; a mag- 
nifier. Bacon. 
EXTORSIVE, eks-uV-siv. 158,. 428. a. Having 

the quality of drawing by violent means. 
EXTO RSiVELY..eks-t6r / -siv-le.6u/. In an extorsive 

manner; bv violence. 
To EXTO'RT }, eks-ldrt'. v. a. [extorqueo, extortus 
Lat.] To draw by force ; to force away ; to wrest ; 
to wring from one. Shakspeare. To gain by vio- 
lence or oppression. Spenser. 
To EXTO'RT, Sks-t6rt'. v. n. To practise oppres- 
sion and violence. Spenser. 

EXTO'RT*, eks-t6rt'. part. For extorted. Spenser. 

EXTORTER, eks-tor'-tur. 98. n.s. One who prac- 
tises oppression or extortion. Camden. 

EXTORTION, eks-tdr'-shnn. n. s. The act or prac- 
tice of gaining by violence and rapacity. Davies. 
Force by which any thing is unjustly taken away. 
Davits. 

EXTO RTIONER, eks-tdr'-shan-fir. n. s. One wh<5 
practises extortion. Camden. 

EXTORTIOUS*, eks-t6r'-sha S . a. Oppressive; 
violent; unjust. Bp. Hall. 

EXTRA*, eks'-tra. [Lat.] A word often used in 
composition, meaning over and above, extraordina- 
ry ; as, extra-work, extra-pay, &lc; or beyond, as 
extrajudicial, extramundane, &c 

ToEXTRACT*, ^ks-trakt 7 . v. a. [extraho, extrac- 
tum, Lat.] To draw out of something. Bacon. To 
draw by chymieal operation. Phillips. To take 
from something. Milton. To draw out of any con- 
taining body or cavity. Burnet. To select and ab- 
stract from a larger treatise. Swift. 

E'XTRACT, eksMrikt. 492. n.s. The substance 
extracted ; the chief parts drawn from any thing. 
Boyle. The chief heads drawn from a book; an 
abstract ; an epitome. Camden. Extraction ; de- 
scent. South. 

EXTRACTION, eks-trak'-shan. n. s. The act of 
drawing one part out of a compound. Bacon. De- 
rivation from an original ; lineage ; descent 
Clarendon. 

EXTRACTIVE* eks-trak'-dv. a. Capable of be- 
ing extracted. Kincan. 

EXTRACTOR, eks-trak'-tar. n. s. [Lat.] That by 
which any thing is extracted. 

EXTRADFCTIONARY, gks-tra-dfe'-slwn-a-re. a 
[extra and didio, Lat.] Not consisting in words, 
but realities. Brown. 

EXTRAJUDICIAL, eks-tra-fti-cllsh'4l. a. [extra 
and judicium, Lat.] Out of the regular course of 
legal procedure. Ayliffe. 

EXTRAJUDICIALLY, eks-tra-ju-dish'-al-e. ad. 
In a manner different from the ordinary course of 
legal procedure. Ayliffe. 

EXTRAMFSSION, "gks-tra-nuW-Un. n. s. [extra 
and mitto, Lat.] The act of emitting outwards. 
Brown. 

EXTRAMU'NDANE, eks-tra-man'-dane. a. [extra 
and mundus, Lat.] Beyond the verge of the ma- 
terial world. Glanville. 

EXTRA 'NEOUS, eks-tra'-ne-a S . a. [extraneus, Lat.] 
Not belonging to any thing ; foreign ; of different 
substance ; not intrinsick. Locke. 

EXTRAORDIN ARIES*, gks-tror'-de-nar- h. n.s. 
See Extraordinary. 

EXTRAORDINARILY, eks-tror'-de-nar-e-le, 374. 
ad. In a manner out of the common method and 
order. Hooker. Uncommonly ; particularly ; emi- 
nently : remarkably. Howell. 

EXTRAORDINARrNESS,gks-tr5r / -de-nar-e-nes. 
n. s. Uncommonness ; eminence ; remarkableness. 
Government of the Tongue. 

EXTRAORDINARY $, eks-tr6V-de-nar-e. a. [ex- 
traordinanus, Lat.] Different from common order 
and method ; not ordinary. Hooker. Differing from 



the common course of law. Clarendon. Eminent ; 
remarkable ; more than common. Sidneij. 

8^- There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word, which 
sinks the o, d, an.l t, and reduces the word to four sylla 
ble9, a9 if written extratonary. There i9 a better pro- 
nunciation, which preserves the d, as if written extrord- 
nary ; but solemn speaking certainly demands the res- 
toration of the i\ and requires the word to be heard with 
live syllables. 374. W. 

EXTRAORDINARY*, eks-trdr'-de-nar-e. n. s. 
Anything which exceeds ordinary method or com- 
putation. Uncommon, in the singular number 
Spenser. 

EXTRAORDINARY, eks-trSr'-ae-nar-e. ad. Ex- 
traordinarily. Addison. 

EXTR APAROCHIAL, eks-tra-par-6'-ke-al. a. [ex- 
tra and parochia, Lat.] Not comprehended within 
any parish. Cowel. 

EXTRAPROVrNCIAL, eks-tra-pro-vm / -shal. a, 
[extra and provincia, Lat.] Not within the same 
province. Ayliffe. 

EXTRAREGULAR, eks-tra-reg'-i-lar. a. [extra 
and resukx, Lat.] Not comprehended within a rule. 
Bp. Taylor. 

EXTRA'UGHT, eks-trawt'. part. Extracted. Shak. 

EXTRAVAGANCE, gks-lrav'-a-ganse. ; n. s. Ex- 

EXTRAVAGANCY, gks-trav'4-gan-se. \ cursion 
or sally beyond prescribed limits. Hammond. Ir- 
regularity ; wildness. Bp. Taylor. Outrage; vio- 
lence ; outrageous vehemence. Tillolso-n. Unnat- 
ural tumour ; bombast. Dryden. Waste ; vain and 
superfluous expense. Arbuthnot. 

EXTRAVAGANT §, gks-trav'-a-gant. a. [extrava- 
gans, Lat.] Wandering out of his bounds. Shak* 
Roving beyond just limits or prescribed methods. 
Dryden. Not comprehended in any thing. Irreg- 
ular ; wild. B. Jonson. Wasteful ; prodigal ; vainly 
expensive. Addison. 

EXTRAVAGANT, eks-trav'4-gant. n. s. A stroll- 
er; a vagabond. Nobody and Somebody. One 
who is confined in no general rule or definition. 
Glaninlle. See Extravagants. 

EXTRAVAGANTLY, eks-trav'-a-gant-le. ad. In 
an extravagant manner; wildly. Di-yden. In an 
unreasonable degree. Pope. Expensively; luxu- 
riously ; wastefully. 

EXTRA VAG ANTNESS, eks-trav'-a-gant-nes. n. s. 
Excess ; excursion beyond limits. 

EXTRA VAGANTS*, gks-trav'-a-gants. n. s. A 
part of the canon law, containing various papal 
constitutions not included in the body of the canon 
law. — The singular number of this word is some- 
times used. Bale. 

To EXTRAVAGATE, eks-trav'-a-gate. v. n. To 
wander out of limits. Warburton. 

EXTRAVAGA TION*, eks-trdv-a-ga'-shan. n. s. 
Excess. Smollet. 

EXTRA VASATED§, Iks-trav'-va-sa-teU a. [extra 
and vasa, Lat.] Forced out of the proper contain 
ing vessels. Arbuthnot. 

EXTRAVASATION, gks-tri-va-sa'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of forcing, or state of being forced, out of the 
proper containing vessels. Arbuthnot. 

EXTRAVE'NATE, eks-trav'-e-nate. a. [extra and 
vena, Lat.] Let out of the veins. Glanville. 

EXTRAVERSION, eks-tra-veV-sha n . n. s. [extra 
and versio, Lat.] The act of throwing out ; the state 
of being thrown out. Boyle. 

EXTRE'AT* gks-treeV. n. s [extraiet, old Fr.] Ex- 
traction. Spenser. Ob. T. 

EXTRE'MEMks-treme'. a - [extremus, Lat.] Great- 
est ; of the highest degree. Dent, xxviii. "Utmost. 
Sliak. Last ; that beyond which there is nothing. 
Dryden. Pressing in the utmost degree. Hooker. 
Rigorous ; strict. Psalms in Common Prayer. 

EXTRE'ME, eks-treme'. n. s. Utmost point; high- 
est degree of any thing. Milton. Points at the 
greatest distance from each other ; extremity. Ba- 
con.. Extravagance of conduct. Sliakspeare 

EXTRE'MELY, eks-treme'-.e. ad. In the utmost 
degree. Sidney. Very much ; greatly. Swift. 

EXTRE'MITY, Sks-trem'-e-te. n. s. The utmost 
365 



EXU 



EYE 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;- 



point ; the highest degree. Hooker. The utmost 
parts ; the parts most remote from the middle. 
Brown. The points in the utmost degree of oppo- 
sition. Denlmm. Remotest parts ; parts at the 
greatest distance. Arbutlmol. Violence of passion. 
Spenser. The utmost violence, rigour, or distress. 
Spenser. The most aggravated slate. Dryden. 

E'XTRICABLE*, eks"-tre-ka-bl. a. Which may be 
rid or avoided. Cockeram. 

To EXTRICATES, gks'-tre-kate. v. a. [extrico, 
Lat.] To disembarrass ; to set free any one in a 
state of perplexity ; to disentangle. Locke. 

EXTRICATION, eks-tre-ka'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
disentangling: disentanglement. Boyle. 

EXTRI'NS1CAL$, eks-trW-se-kal. a. [extrinsicus, 
Lat.] External ; outward ; not intimately belong- 
ing ; not intrinsick. Digby. 

EXTRINS1CALLY, eks-trin'-se-kal-e. ad. From 
without. Bramhall. 

EX TRI'NSICK, eks-trm'-sfk. a. Outward ; external ; 
not intrinsick. Government of tlie Tongue. 

ToEXTRU'CTS, gk-strukt'. v. a. \_extruo, extruc- 
tum, Lat.] To build ; to raise ; to form into a struc- 
ture. 

EXTRACTION*, els-truk'-shun. n.s. A building. 
Cockeram. 

EXTRACTIVE*, gks-truk'-tlv. a. Forming into a 
structure. Fulke. • 

EXTRACTOR, ek-struk'-tur. n. s. A builder; a 
fabricator ; a contriver. 

To EXTRU DE $, eks-tr63d'. v. a. [extrudo, Lat.] 
To thrust off; to drive off. Woodioard. 

EXTRU'SION, gks-troo'-zh&n. n. s. The act of 
•thrusting^ or driving out. Burnet. 

EXTUBERANCE, eks-uV-be-ranse. n. s. A knob, 
or part protuberant; parts that rise from the rest of 
4he body. Moxon. 

EXTUBERANCY*, Sks-uV-be-ran-se. n. s. Any 
protuberance. Gregory. 

EXTUBERANT4*, eks-uV-be-rant. a. [extuberans, 
Lat,] Swelling. Archceolog. vol. xii. 

To EXTUBERATE*, eks-tu'-be-rate. v. n. [extu- 
Aero, Lat,] To swell like the sea. Cockeram. 

EXTUME'SCENCE*, eks-tshu-meV-sense. n.s. [ex- 
tumesco, Lat.] A swelling; a rising up. Cotgrave. 

EXUBERANCE, egz-iV-be-ranse. n. s. Overgrowth; 
superfluous shoots; useless abundance; luxuriance. 
Decay of Piety. 

EXUBERANCY*, egz-iV-be-ran-se. n.s. Abun- 
dance ; great plenty ; fruitfulness. Stillino-Jleet. 

EXUBERANT §,%z-u'-be-rant. 479. a. [exuberans, 
LaL] Growing with superfluous shoots; overabun- 
dant; superfluously plenteous; luxuriant. Thomson. 
Abounding in the utmost degree. Boyle. 

EXUBERANTLY, egz-rV-be-rant-le. ad. Abun- 
dantly; to a superfluous degree. Woodward. 

To EXUBERATE, egz-iV-be-rate. v. ti. [exubero, 
Lat.] To bear in great abundance. Boyle . 

EXU'CCOUS^k-suk'-k&s. a. [exsuccus, Lat.] With- 
out juice; dry. Brown. 

J)^= This word, and the three following, with exuperable, 
exuperance, and ezuscitate, by servilely following an 
erroneous Latin orthography, are liable to an improper 
pronunciation. — See Exiccate. W. 

EXUDATION, ek'-su-da'-shun. n. s. The act of 
emitting in sweat. Wiseman. The matter issuing 
out by sweat from any body. Bacon. 

To EXU'DATE§, ek-su'-date. ; v. n. [exurb, Lat 1 

To EXUDE §, ek-sude'. ] To sweat out ; to 

issue out by sweat. Brown. 

To EXUDATE, ek-su'-date. ) v. a. To force out, or 

To EXU'DE, ek-sude'. \ throw out, as by 

sweat. 

ToEXU'LCERATE*, egz-ul'-se-rate. v. a. [exul- 
cero, Lat.] To make sore with an ulcer ; to affect 
with a running or eating sore. Bacon. To afflict ; 
to corrode ; to enrage. Bp. Reynolds. 

To EXU'LCERATE*, egz-ul'-se-rate. v. n. To be- 
come ulcerous. Bacon. 

EXU'LCERATE*, egz-ul'-se-rate. a. Wounded; 
vexed ; enraged. Bacon. 



EXULCERA'TION, egz-ul-se-ra'-shun. n. s. The 
beginning erosion, which wears away the sub- 
stance, and forms an ulcer. Quincy. Exacerba- 
tion ; corrosion, hooker. 

EXU'LCERATORY, egz-ul -se-ra-tur-e. 512. a. 
Causing ulcers. Huloet. 

To EXULT §, egz-ult'. v. n. [exulto, Lat.] To re- 
joice above measure ; to triumph. Hooker. 

EXU'LTANCE, egz-ulManse. n. s. Transport ; joy ; 
triumph. Government of the Tongue. 

EXULTANCY*, egz-fil'-tan-se. n.s. Gladness; 
transport; triumph. Hammond. 

EXU'LTANT*, egz-ul'-tant. a. Rejoicing ; triumph- 
ing. More. 

EXULTATION, eks-ul-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Joy ; tri 
umph ; rapturous delight. Hooker. 

To EXU'NDATE$, egz-fin'-date. v. n. [exundo, Lat.] 
To overflow. Diet. 

EXUNDA'TION, eks-un-da'-shun. n.s. Overflow; 
abundance. Ray. 

EXUBERABLE §, ek-su'-per-a-bl. a.[exuperabilis, 
Lat.] Conquerable; superable ; vincible. 

EXUBERANCE, £k-su'-per-anse. n. s. [exuperan- 
iia, Lat.] Overbalance ; greater proportion. Foth- 
erby. 

EXUBERANT t, ek-su'-pe-rant. a. Overbalancing, 
having greater proportion. 

To EXUBERATE*, £k-su'-pe-rate. v. a. To excel; 
to surmount. Cockeram. 

EXUPERA'TION*, ek-su-pe-ra'-shun. n.s. The act 
of excelling. Cockeram. 

EXU'RGENT*, £k-sur'-jent. a. [exurgens, Lat.] 
Arising ; commencing. Dr. Favour. 

To EXU'SCITATE, ek-sus'-se-tate. v. a. [exsuscito, 
Lat.] To stir up ; to rouse. 

To EXU'ST §#, egz-ust'. v.a. [exustus, Lat.] To burn. 
Cockeram. 

EXU'STION, egz-fis'-tshfin. n. s. The act of burn- 
ing up. Biblioth. Bibl. 

EXJ7' FZ^, egz-u'-ve-e. n. s. [Lat.] Cast skins; 
cast shells ; whatever is shed by animals. Wood- 
ward. 

EY, 1 may either come from i£, an island, or from 

EA,£ ea, which signifies a water, river; or from 

EE, S leaj 1 , a fi e 'd. Gibson. 

EY'AS, I'-as. n. s. [niais, Fr.] A young hawk just 
taken from the nest. Shakspeare. 

EY'AS*, i'-as. Unfledged. Spenser. 

EYAS-MUSKET, I'-as-mfis-ket. n. s. [mouchet, Fr.] 
A young unfledged hawk, of the kind called spar- 
row-hawk, the smallest of the species. Shakspeare. 

EYE§, 1. 8. n.s. [ea^, Sax.] The organ of vision. 
Bacon. Sight ; ocular knowledge. Gal. hi. Look ; 
countenance. Sliak. Front; face. Shak. A pos- 
ture of direct opposition, where one thing is in the 
same line with another. Dryden. Aspect; regard. 
Hooker. Notice ; observation ; watch. Sidney. 
Opinion formed by observation. Sidney. Sight ; 
view. Shakspeare. Any thing formed like an eye. 
Newton. Any small perforation. South. A small 
catch into which a hook goes. Boyle. Bud of a 
plant. Evelyn. A small shade of colour. Shak. 
Power of perception. Deuteronomy. 

EYE*, \. n. s. A brood; as, an eye of pheasants. 

To EYE, \. v. a. To watch ; to keep in view ; to ob- 
serve. Spenser. To watch maliciously. 1 iScmt.xviii. 

To EYE, 1. r. n. To appear ; to show ; to bear an 
appearance. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

EY EBALL, I'-bawl. n. s. [eye and ball.] The apple 
of the eye ; the pupil. Shakspeare. 

E Y'EBEAM*, i'-beem. n. s. [eye and beam.] A beam 
or glance from the eye. Shakspeure. 

EY'EBRIGHT, I'-brite. n. 5. A plant. Drayton. 

EYEBRI GHTENING*, l-brl'-tn-lng. a. Clearing 
the sight. Milton. 

EY'EBROW, i'-brofi. n. s. [«/e and brow.] The 
hairy arch over the eye. Ray. 

EYBD, I'-ed, or Ide. a. Having eyes. Spenser. 

EYBDROP, I'-drc-p. n. s. [eye and drop.] Tear. 
Sluikspeare. 

EY'ER*, I'-ur. n. s. One who looks on another with 
attention. Gayton. 

366 



EYE 



EYR 



— 116, move, nor, nftl ;— tube, tub, bull 5 — 611 ;— p6ftnd y—thm, this. 



EYEGLANCE, l'-glanse. n. s. [eye and glance.] 
Quick notice of the eye. Spenser. 

EY'EGLASS, i'-glas. n. s. Glass to assist the sight. 
Neicton. 

EYEGLUTTLNG*, l-glut'-ting. a. [eye and glut.] 
Feasting the »ve to satietv. Spenser. 

EYELASH, i'-lc^h. 71. s. The line of hair that edges 
the eyelid. 

EY''ELESS, I'-les. a. Wanting eyes ; sightless ; de- 
prived of sight. Shoksjieare. 

EY''ELET, 1 -let. n. s. [asiUet, Fr.l A hole througli 
which light may enter ; any small perforation for a 
lace to go through. Wiseman. 

EY'ELIAD*, I'-le-ad. n. s. [ueillade, Fr.] An eye- 
glance ; an eyebeam. Sliakspeare. 

EY'ELiD, I'-lid. n. s. [eye and lid.] The membrane 
that shuts over the eye. Bacon. 

EYEOFFE'NDING*, l-df-fend'-iug. a. That hurts 
or offends the eye. Shakspeare. 

EY'OT*. I'-ftt. n. s. A little island. Blackstone. 

EYEPLE'ASING*, l-ple'-zing. a. Gratifying the 
sight. Sir J. Davies. 

EY ESALVE*, I'-salv. [See Salve.] n. s. Oint- 
ment for the eyes. Revelation, iii. 

EYESE'RVANT, l'-ser-vant. n. s. A servant that 
works only while watched. 



EYESE'RVICE, I'-sCr-vis. n. s. Service performed 

only under inspection. Col. iii. 
EY'ESHOT, l'-sh6t. n. s. [eye and shot.'] Sight 3 

glance; view. Dryden. 
EY'ESIGHT, l'-slte. n.s. Sight of the eye. 2 Sa?n- 

uel, xxii. 
EY'ESORE, I'-sore. n. s. [eye and sore.] Something 

offensive to the sight. Hooker. 
EYESPO'TTEI), l"spot-ed. a. Marked with spots 

like eyes. Spenser. 
EY'ESTRING, l'-str?ng. n. s. The string of the 

eye ; the tendon by which the eye is moved. Shak- 
speare. 
EY'ETOOTH, I'-itotfi. n. s. The tooth on the upper 

jaw next on each side to the grinders ; the tang. 

Ray. 
EY'EWINK. i'-w?ngk. n. s. A wink, as a hint or 

token. Shakspeare. 
EYEWITNESS, I'-wit-nes. n. s. An ocul? evi- 
dence ; one who gives testimony to facts seen «\iih 

his own eyes. 2 Peter, i. 
EYRE§, are. 269. n. 5. [eye, Fr.] The court of just 

tices itinerant. Cowel. 
EY'RY, a'-re. 269. n. s. [ey, Teut. an egg.] The 

place where birds of prey build their nests and 

hatch. Milton. 



FAB 



FAC 



FHas, in English, an invariable sound, formed I 
by compression of the whole lips, and a forc ; - 
ble breath. 
FA*, fa. [In musick.] One of the notes or syllables, 
invented by Guido Aretine, to mark the fourth 
sound of the modern scale of musick. Sliakspeare. 
FABA'CEOUS, fa-ba'-she-Qs. 357. a. [fabaceus, Lat.] 

Having the nature of a bean. Diet. 
FA'BLE §, fa'-bl. 405. n. s. [fabula, Lat.] A feigned 
story intended to enforce some moral precept. Ad- 
dison. A fiction in general. Dryden. A vicious 
or foolish fiction. 1 Tim. iv. The series or con- 
texture of events which constitute a poem. Dryden. 
A lie ; a vicious falsehood. Addison. 
To FA'BLE, fa'-bl. v. n. To feign ; to write not truth 
but fiction. Prior. To tell falsehoods ; to lie. Sliak. 
To FA'BLE, fa'-bl. v. a. To feign ; to tell falsely. 

Milton. 
FA'BLED, fa'-bld. 359. a. Celebrated in fables. 

Tkkell. 
FA'BLER, fa'-bl-ur. n.s. A dealer in fiction; a wri- 
ter of feigned stories. Bp. Hall. 
To FA'BRIC ATE §, fab'-re-kate. v. a. [fabricor, 
Lat.] To build ; to construct. Burke. To forge ; 
to devise falsely. 
FABRIC A'TION, fab-re-ka'-shun. n. s. The act 

of building; construction. Hale. 
FABRICATOR*, fab'-re-ka-tQr. n. s. One who 

builds, constructs, or frames. Howell. 
FA'BRICK, fab'-rik, or fa'-brlk. n. s. [fabrica, Lat.] 
A building ; an edifice. Wotton. Any system or 
compages of matter. Prior. 
$£f The a in this word seems floating hetween long end 
short quantity, as it was in the Latin fabrica. I have, 
like Mr. Sheridan, made it short ; for, though Latin 
words of two syllables, when adopted into English, al- 
ways have the accent on the first, and the vowel gener- 
ally long, as basis, focus, quota, &c. ; yet, when words 
of three syllables in Latin, with but one consonant in 
the middle, are anglicised by reducing them to two syl- 
lables ; as the penultimate in such Latin words is gen- 
erally short, and the accent of consequence antepenulti- 
mate, sc the first vowel in the English word is generally 
short, from the shortening power of the antepenultimate 
accent in our pronunciation of the Latin word from 
which it is derived. Thus the Latin mimicus, reduced 
to the English viimick, has the first vowel short, though 
long in Latin, because we make it short in our pronun- 
ciation of Latin : the same may be observed of the words 
florid, vivid, and livid, from the Latin floridus, vividus, 
and lividus. Thus, though fabrica might have the 
irst vowel long in Latin, yet, as we always pronounce 



it short in the English pronunciation of that language, 
so, when it is reduced to the English fabric !c, it seems 
agreeable to this usage to make the first syllable short 
Authority seems, likewise, to favour this pronunciation; 
for Mr. Sheridan. Mr. Elphinston. Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Perry, and, as far as we can judge by the position 
of the accent, Bailey, are for the a short ; and Buchan- 
an, W. Johnston, and, if we can guess by accent, Dr 
Ash and Entick, for the long a. — See Principles, No> 
544. W. 
To FA'BRICK, (ab'-rlk. v. a. To build ; to form j to 

construct. Milton. 
FA'BRILE*, fab'-ril. a. [fabrilis, Lat.] Of stone or 
timber ; belonging to the craft of a smith, mason, 
or carpenter. Cotgrave. 
FA'BULIST, fab'-u-llst. n. s. [fabuliste, Fr.] A 

writer of fables. B. Jonson. 
FABULOSITY, fab-u-l6s'-e-te. n.s. Fulness of 

feigned stories. Abbot. 
FA'BULOUS, fab'-u-lfis. a. Feigned; full of fables, 

invented tales. Addison. 
FA'BULOUSLY, fab'-u-lus-le. ad. In fiction. Bur- 
ton. 
FA'BULOUSNESS*, fab'-u-hVnes. n.s. Invention 

of fables. .Stillingfeel. 
FA'BURDEN*, fab'-ur-den.n.s. [fauxhourdon, Fr ] 

[In musick.] Simple counterpoint. Bale. 
FACA'DE*, fa-sad', or fa-sade'. n.s. [Fr.] Front. 

Warton. 

FACE $, fase. n. s. [face, Fr. from fades, Lat.] The 

visage. Exod. ixxiv. Countenance ; cast of the 

features. Dryden. The surface of any thing. 

Gen. ii. The front or forepart of any thing. Ezelc. 

xli. Visible state of affairs. Milton. Appearance; 

resemblance. B. Jonson. Presence; sight Numb. 

xix. Confidence ; boldness. Shak. Distortion of 

the face. Sliakspeare. 

FACE to Face. [An adverbial expression.] When 

both parties are present. Acts, xxv. Nakedly; 

without the interposition of other bodies. 1 CV.xiii. 

To FACE, fase. v. n. To carry a false appearance. 

Spenser. To turn the face; to come in front. 

Dryden. 

\ To FACE, fase. v. a. To meet in front; to oppose 

with confidence and firmness. Dryden. To oppose 

with impudence. Shak. To stand opposite to. 

Addison. To cover with an additional superficies. 

Addison. To turn up a garment with facings of a 

different colour. Shakspeare. 

FA'CECLOTH*. tiue'-mth. n.s. A linen cloth 

placed over the face of a dead person. Brand. 
1 367 



FAC 



FAI 



O 3 f »59.— Fate, far, fall, fat J— me, m& 5— pine, pin ;- 



FA'CED*,faste. a. Denoting tiie sort of countenance : 

as, plump-faced. Sjienser. 
FA'CELESS, fase'-lSs. a. Being without a face. 

Bailey. 
FACE PA/INTER, fase'-pane-tur. n.s. A drawer of 

portraits. 
FACEPA'INTING, fase'-pane-ting. n. si The art 

of drawing portraits. Dryden. 
FA'CET, fas'-it. n. s. [Jacette, Fr.] A small surface ; 

a superficies cut into several angles. Bacon. 
FACETE $*, fa-sete'. a. [facetus, Lat.] Gay ; cheer- 
ful ; witty. Buiion. 
FACETELY*, fa-sete'-le. ad. Wittily 5 merrily. 

Burton. 
FACE TENESS*, fa-sete'-n&s. n.s. Wit; pleasant 
representation. Hales. 

FACETIOUS $, fa-se'-sh&s. 292. a. [facetieux, Fr.] 
Gay; cheerful; lively; witty. Government of the 
Tongue. 

FACETIOUSLY, fa-se'-shus-le. ad. Gayly; cheer- 
fully; wiltilv; merrily. 

FACETIOUSNESS, fa-se'-shus-nes. n. s. Cheer- 
ful wit ; mirth ; gayety. Barrow. 

FA'CILE$, fas'-sn. 140. a. [facilis, Lat.] Easy; not 
difficult; performable or attainable with little la- 
bour. Milton. Easily surmountable; easily con- 
querable. Milton. Easy of access, or converse ; 
not haughty; not supercilious; not austere. B. 
Jonson. Pliant; flexible; easily persuaded. Mil- 
ton. 

FACILELY* fas'-sil-le. ad. Easily. Ld. Herbert. 

FA'CILENESS*, faV-sil-n c s. n. s. Easiness to be 
persuaded. Beaumont. 

To FACILITATE, fa-sil'-e-tate. v. a. [faciliter, Fr.] 
To make easy; to free from difficulty. Bacon. 

FACILITATION* fa-sll-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. Making 
easy ; freeing from impediments. Johnson. 

FACI LITY, fa-sll'-e-te. n. s. Easiness to be per- 
formed ; freedom from difficulty. Sidney. Readi- 
ness in performing ; dexterity. Dryden. Vicious 
ductility; easiness to be persuaded; ready com- 
pliance. Bacon. Easiness of access; affability. 
South. 

FACINE'RIOUS. See Facinorous. 

FA'CING, fa/-slng. n.s. An ornamental covering. 
Wotlan. Simply, a covering. Warlon. 

FACFNOROUS $, fa-sln'-i-rus. [See Sonorous.] 
a. [f acinus, facinorus, Lat.] Wicked ; atrocious ; 
detestably bad. Shakspeare. 

FACI'NOROUSNESS^a-sin'-i-rus-nSs. n.s. Wick- 
edness in a high degree. 

FACSFMILE*, fak-sW-e-le. n. s. [Lat.] An exact 
copy. Pownall. 

FACT, fakt. n. s. [factum, Lat.] A thing done; an 
effect produced. Hooker. Reality ; not supposition. 
Sma/ridge. Action; deed. Dryden. 

FACTION §, fak'-shun. n. s.. [f actio, Lat.] A party 
in a state. Shakspeare. Tumult; discord; dis- 
sension. 1 Cor. iii. 

FACTION ARY. fak'-shfln-ar-e. n.s. A party man. 
Shakspeare. 

FA'CTIONER*, fak'-shfin-ur. n. s. One of a fac- 
tion. Bishop Bancroft. 

FA'CTIONIST*, fak'-shun-fst. n.s. One who pro- 
motes faction or discord. Mounfagu. 

FACTIOUS, fak'-shfis. 292. a.[factieux, Fr.] Giv- 
en to faction ; loud and violent in a party ; publick- 
ly dissensious. Sliak. Proceeding from publick 
dissensions. Milton.. 

FACTIOUSLY, fak'-sh&s-le. ad. In a manner crim- 
inally dissensious or tumultuous. King diaries, 

FA'CTIOUSNESS, fak'-shus-n&s. n.s. Inclination 
to publick dissension. Puller. 

FACTITIOUS, fak-tish'-fis. a. [factilius, Lat.] 
Made by art, in opposition to what is made by na- 
ture. Boyle. 

FA'CTIVE*, f ak'-tTv. a. Having the power to make. 
Bacon. 

FACTOR*, fak'-tur. 166. n.s. {/actor, Lat.] An 
agent for another; one who transacts business for 
another. Shakspeare. [In arithmetick.] The mul- 
tiolicator and multiplicand. Harris. 



FACTORAGE*, fak'-t6r-aje. n.s. Commission for 

agency in purchasing goods. 
FACTORSHIP*, fak'-tur-shlp. n.s. A factory. 
Sfierwood. 

FA'CTORY, fak'-t&r-e. 557. n. s. A house or ois- 
trict inhabited by traders in a distant country. The 
traders imbodied in one place. A place where 
any thing is made. Brown. 

FACTOTUM, f ak-kV-tum. n. s. [fac totvm, Lat.] 
A servant employed alike in all kinds of business. 
B. Jonson. 

FA'CTURE,fk\i'-\shiiTeA^.n.s. [Fr.] The act 
or manner of making any thing. Bacon. 

FA'CULTY, fak'-fil-te. n.s. [facultas, Lat.] The 
power of doing any thing; ability. Hooker. Pow- 
ers of the mind, imagination, reason, memory. 
Milton. Mechanical power. Wilkins. [In physick.] 
A power or ability to perform any action, natural, 
vital, and animal. Quirtcy. A knack; habitual 
excellence; dexterity. Clarendon. Quality per- 
sonal ; disposition or habit of good or ill. Shale 
Natural virtue ; efficacy. Milton. Power; authori- 
ty. Sliak. Privilege; right to do any thing. 
Hooker. Faculty, in a university, denotes the 
masters and professors of the several sciences. 

FACU'ND $, f ak'-find. 544. a. [facundus, Lat.] Elo- 
quent. Chaucer. 

$Cf Dr. Johnson has placed the accent on the last sylla • 
ble both of this word and jocund ; in which he is con- 
sistent, but contrary both to custom and to English 
analogy. Mr. Sheridan places the accent on the first 
syllable of jocund, and on the last of this word. The 
reasons are the same for accenting both ; they both come 
from the Latin facundus and jocundus ; and there is 
scarcely a more invariable rule in onr language, than 
that of removing the accent higher when we adopt a 
word from the Latin, and abridge it of its latter sylla- 
bles. — See Academy. W. 

FACU'NDITY*, fa-kun'-de-te. Eloquence. Cocke- 
ram. 

To FA'DDLE, fad'-dl. 405. v. n. To trifle ; to toy ; 
to play. 

FADE*, fade. a. Weak; slight ; faint. Bp. Berkeley. 

To FADE §, fade. 75. v. n. [vado, Lat.] To disap- 
pear instantaneously. Spenser. To tend from 
greater to less vigour; to grow weak ; to languish. 
South. To tend from a brighter to a weaker col- 
our. Boyle. To wither as a vegetable. Isaiah, i. 
To die away gradually ; to vanish. Locke. To be 
naturally not durable ; to be transient. Isaiah, xxviii. 

To FADE, fade. v. a. To wear away ; to reduce to 
languor; to deprive of vigour. Shakspeare. 

To FADGE, fadje. v.n. feejre^an, Sax.] To suit; 
to fit ; to have one part co«sistent with another. 
Shak. To agree ; to live in amity. Milton. To 
succeed ; to hit. Milton. 

FA'DING*, fa/-dfng. n. s. Decay ; weakness. Slier - 
wood. 

FAD1NGNESS*, fa'-d?ng-nes. n. s. Decay ; prone- 
ness to fade. W. Mountagu. 

FA'DY*, fa/-de. a. Wearing away. Shenstone. 

F^E'CAL*, fe'-kal. a. Denoting excrements. 

FJFJCES, fe'-sez. 99. n. s. [Lat.] Excrements ; set 
tlings after distillation and infusion. Quincy. 

To FA'FFLE*, faf-fl. v. n. To stammer. Barret. 

To FAG $, fag. v. n. [fatigo,Lai.] To grow weary ; 
to faint with weariness. Mackenzie. 

To FAG*, fag. v. a. To beat. 

FAG*, fag. n.s. A slave; one who works hard. 
Brand. 

FAG $*, fag. n.s. A knot or excrescency in cloth. 

FAGE'ND, fag-end', n. s. [from fag and end.] The 
end of a web of cloth. The refuse or meaner pan 
of any thing. Howell. 

FA ; GOT§, fag'-fit. 88,166. n.s. [fagod, Welsh.] 
A bundle of sticks bound together for the fire. 
Fairfax. A bundle of sticks for any purpose. Ad- 
dison. A soldier numbered in the muster roll, but 
not really existing. Addison. 

To FAGOT, fag'-ut. v. a. To tie up ; to bundle to- 
gether. Dryden. 

To FAIL§, fale. 202. v. n. [faillir, Fr.] To be defi- 
cient : to cease from former plenty ; to fall short. 
368 



FAI 



FAL 



— n6, move, nor, not ;— u'ihe, tflb, boll 5 — 611 ;— pofind;— thin, THis. 



Job, xiv. To be extinct ; to cease ; to be no long- 
er produced. Psalm xii. To cease; to perish ; to 
be lost. Milton. To die; to lose life. Shak. To 
sink; to be borne down. Isaiah, lvii. To decay; 
to decline ; to languish. Milton. To miss ; not to 
produce its effect. Bacon. To miss ^ not to succeed 
in a design. Shak. To be deficient in duty. Milton. 
7Y> FAIL, tale. v. a. To desert; not to continue to 
assist or supply; to disappoint. Sidney. Not to 
assist ; to neglect. Varies. To omit ; not to per- 
form. Dnjden. To be wanting to. 1 Kings, ii. 
To deceive ; to cheat. Spenser. 
FAIL, fale. n.s. Miscarriage; miss; unsuccessful - 
ness. Omission ; non-performance. Sluxk. Defi- 
cience ; want. Shale. Death ; extinction. Shak. 
FAILANCE*, fa'-lanse. n. s. Omission ; fault. Decay 

of Christian Piety. 
FAILING, fa/-llng. n.s. Decay. Deut. xxviii. De- 
ficiency; imperfection; lapse. Digby. 
FAILURE, fale'-yure. 113. n.s. [from/az7.] De- 
ficience ; cessation. Woodward. Omission ; non- 
performance ; slip. South. A lapse; a slight fault. 
FAIN$, lane. 202. a. [pacinian, Sax.] Glad; mer- 
ry ; cheerful ; fond. Spenser. Forced ; obliged ; 
compelled. Hooker. 
FAIN, fane. ad. Gladly; very desirously. Shak. 
To FAIN, fane. v. n. To wish ; to desire fondly. 

Spenser. 
To FAINT $,fant. 202. v.n. [pyni$ean, Sax.l To 
decay; to wear or waste away quickly. Pope. 
To lose the animal functions; to sink motionless 
and senseless. Judith. To grow feeble. Ecclus. 
xliii. To sink into dejection. Milton. 
To FAINT, fant. v. a. To deject ; to depress ; to en- 
feeble. Slm/cspeare. Little used. 
FAINT, fant. a. Languid ; weak ; feeble. Temple. 
Not bright ; not vivid ; not striking; Newton. Not 
loud ; not piercing. Boyle. Feeble of body. Ram- 
bler. Cowardly ; timorous. Dnjden. Dejected ; 
depressed. Heb. xii. Not vigorous ; not active. 
Daises, 
FAINTHEARTED, fant-hart'-ed. a. [faint and 

heart.'] Cowardlv ;' timorous. Isaiah, vii. 
FAINTHEARTEDLY, fant-hart'-ed-le. ad. Timo- 

rouslv. Sher^wood. 
FAINTHEARTEDNESS, fant-harl'-ed-nes. n. s. 

Cowardice ; timorousness. Arnway. 
FA ''INT IN G, fant'-lng. n. s. Deliquium ; temporary 

loss of animal motion. Wiseman. 
FA'INTISH* fanl'-lsh. a. Beginning to grow faint. 
FAINTISHNESS,fantMsh-nes. n.s. Weakness in a 

slight degree ; incipient debility. Arhuthnot. 
FA 1NTLING, fantM'ir.g. a. Timorous ; feeble-mind- 
ed. Arbidhnot. 
FAINTLY, fantMe. ad. Feebly ; languidly. Walsh. 
Not in bright colours. Pope. Without force of re- 
presentation. Waits. Without strength of body. 
Dnjden. Not vigorously; not actively. Sliak. 
Timorously ; with dejection. Spenser. 
FA'LNTNESS, fant'-nSs. n.s. Languor; feebleness; 
want of strength. Esdr.xv. Inactivity; want of 
vigour. Spenser. Timorousness; dejection. Levit. 
xxvi. 
FATNTY, fant'-e. a. Weak ; feeble ; languid ; de- 
bilitated. Dryden. 
FAIR $, fare. 202. a. [pae^ep, Sax.] Beautiful ; ele- 
gant of feature ; handsome. Spenser. Not black ; 
not brown ; white ir the complexion. Shak. Pleas- 
ing to the eye. Sidney. Clear ; pure. Bacon. Not 
cloudy ; not foul ; not tempestuous. Sliak. Fa- 
vourable; prosperous. Prior. Likely to succeed. 
Sliak. Equal ; just. Clarendon. Not affected by 
any insidious or unlawful methods ; not foul. 
Temple. Not practising any fraudulent or insidi- 
ous arts. Pope. Open ; direct. Dryden. Gentle ; 
mild; not compulsory. Spenser. Mild; not severe. 
Milton. Pleasing; civil. Sfiak. Equitable; not 
injurious. Milton. Commodious ; easy. Shak. 
Liberal ; not narrow. Careiv. 
FAIR, fare. ad. Gently ; decently ; without violence. 
Locke. Civilly; complaisantly. Dryden. Happi- 
ly : successfully. Shak. On good terms. Collier. 
47 



FAIR, faro. n.s. A beauty ; elliptically, a fair wo- 
man. Dryden. Honesty ; just dealing. Arbutlinot. 
Fairness, applied to things. Marston. Fairness, 
applied to persons. Shakspeare. 
FA III $, fare. n. s. [fere, old Fr.] An annual or stated 

mooting of buyers and sellers. Ezek. xxvii. 
FAIRING, fare'-lng. n.s. A present given at a fair. 

Shakspeare. 
FAIRISH*, fare'-ish. a. Reasonably fair. Colgrave. 
FAIRLY, fare'-le. ad. Beautifully ; commodiously ; 
conveniently. Micah, i. Honestly ; justly ; with- 
out shift. Bacon. Ingenuously ; plainly ; openly. 
Pope. Candidly; without sinistrous interpreta- 
tions. Dryden. Without violence to right reason. 
Dnjden. Without blots. Shak. Completely ; 
without any deficience. Spenser. Softlv ; gently. 
Milton. 
FAIRNESS, fare'-nes. n.s. Beauty; elegance of 
form. Sidney. Honesty ; candour ; ingenuity. 
Atterb/tnj. Clearness; not foulness. Barret. 
FAIRSPO'KEN, fare'-spo-kn. 103. a. Bland and civil 

in language and address. Hooker. 
FAIRY §, fa'-re. n. s. [faerie, old Fr.] A kind of 
fabled beings supposed to appear in meadows, and 
reward cleanliness in houses; an elf; a fay. Shak. 
Enchantress. Slmkspeare. 
FAIRY, fa'-re. a. Given by fairies. Dryden. Be- 
longing to fairies. Shakspeare. 
FAIRYLIKE* fa'-re-llke. a. Imitating the practice 

of fairies. Shakspeare. 
FAIRYSTONE, ia'-re-st6ne. n.s. A stone found in 

gravel pits. 
FAISIBLE*. See Feasible. 
FAITHS, fkth. n.s. [paB5o\ Sax.] Belief of the re- 
vealed truths of religion. Hooker. The system of 
revealed truths held by the Christian church. Acts, 
xxiv. Trust in God. Swift. Tenet held. Shak. 
Trust in the honesty or veracity of another. Fi- 
delity; unshaken adherence. Milton. Honour; 
social confidence. Dryden. Sincerity; honesty; 
veracity. Shak. Promise given. Shakspeare. 
FAITH*, fkth. ad. A colloquial expression, meaning 
in truth, verily, on my faith. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FATTHBREACH, fatfi'-bretsh. n.s. Breach of fi- 
delity ; disloyalty ; perfidy. Shakspeare. 
FA'ITHED, fa^'-ed. a. Honest ; sincere. Shak. 
FAITHFUL, fk/i'-f&l. a. Firm in adherence to the 
truth of religion. Eph. i. Of true fidelity; loyal: 
true to the allegiance or duty professed. Milton. 
Honest; upright; without fraud. Numb. xii. Ob- 
servant cf" compact or promise. Dnjden. True : 
worth v of belief. 2 Timothy. 
FAITHFULLY, fa^'-ful-le. ad. With firm belief in 
religion. 2 Chron.. xix. With full confidence in 
God. Jerem. xxiii. With strict adherence to duty. 
Sliak. Without failure of performance. Dnjden. 
Sincerely; with strong promises. Bacon. Honest- 
ly; without fraud. South. Confidently; steadily. 
Shakspeare. 
FAITHFULNESS, M'-ful-nes. n.s. Honesty; 
veracity. Psalm v. Adherence to duty ; loyalty. 
Dryden. 
FAITHLESS, faM'-les. a. Without belief in the re- 
vealed truths of religion; unconverted. Hooker. 
Perfidious ; disloyal ; not true to duty. Shakspeare. 
FAITHLESSNESS, fa/ft'-les-nes. n.s. Treachery 
perfidy. Donne. Unbelief as to revealed religion 
FAITOUR, la'-toftr. n. s. [faitour, Norm. Fr.] A 
scoundrel ; a rascal ; a mean fellow. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 
FAKE, fake. n.s. A coil of rope. Harris. 
FAKIR*. See Faquir. 

FALCADE, fal-kade'. 84. n. s. [falx, folds, Lat.] 

A horse is said to make falcades when he throws 

himself upon his haunches two or three times, as 

in very quick curvets. Fanier's Diet. 

FALCATED §, fal'-ka-ted. 84. a. [falcatus, Lat.] 

Hooked ; bent like a reaping hook. Han-is. 
FALCATION, fal-ka'-shun. 84. n.s. Crookedness; 

form like that of a reaper's hook. Brown. 
FA'LCHION, fal'-shun. 84. ft. s. [fauchon, Fr.] A 
short, crooked sword ; a cimeter. Shalcspeare. 
369 



FAL 



FAL 



[CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, pin ;— 



FA'LCONS, faw'-kn. 84, 170. [f all'-kn, Perry .1 1 
». s. [faulcon, Fr.] A hawk trained for sport. Sia- > 
ney. A sort of cannon. Harris. 
FALCONER, faw'-kn-fir. 98. n.s. [faulconnier,\ 

Fr.] One who breeds and trains hawks. Shak. 
FALCONET, fal'-ko-neL n. s. [falconette, Fr.] A 

sort of ordnance. Knolles. 
FALCONRY*, faw'-kn-re. n. s. The art of breed- 
ing and training - hawks. Sir T. Brown. 
FA'LDAGE §, faK-d'idje. n. s. [faldagium, barbarous 
Lat.] A privilege of setting up folds for sheep, in 
any fields within the manor. Harris. 
FA'LDFEE, fald'-fe. n. s. A composition paid an- 
ciently by tenants for the privilege of faldage. 
Did. 
FALDING, fal'-dlng. n. s. [pealb, Sax.] A kind 

of coarse cloth. Chancer. 
FALDSTOOL, fald'-stool. n. s. [Jaudesteuil, c ' Fr.] 
A kind of stool placed at the south side of the altar, 
at which the kings of England kneel at their cor- 
onation ; the chair of a bishop, enclosed within the 
rails of the altar; an arm-chair ; a folding chair. 
Ashmole. 
To FALL §, fall. v. n. pret. I fell, compound pret. I 
have fallen, or fain, [peallan, Sax.] To drop from 
a higher place. Dent. To drop from an erect to a 
prone posture. 1 Sam. xxviii. To drop; to be 
held no longer. Acts, xii. To move down any de- 
scent. Burnet. To drop ripe from the tree. Isaiah, 
xxxiv. To pass at the outlet : as a river. Arbuth- 
not. To be determined to some particular direc- 
tion. Clieyne. To apostatize; to depart from faith 
or goodness. Heh. iv. To die by violence. Psalm 
xci. To come to a sudden end. Davies. To be 
degraded from a high station. Sliak. To decline 
from power or empire. Addison. To enter in'.o 
any state worse than the former. Bacon. To come 
into any state of weakness, terrour, or misery. 
Hammond. To decrease ; to be diminished. Ar- 
buthnot. To decrease ; to shrink ; to fall away. 
Sliak. To ebb ; to grow shallow. To decrease 
in value ; to bear less price. Locke. To siiik ; not 
to amount to the full. Bacon. To be rejected ; to 
become null. Locke. To decline from violence to 
calmness. Sliak. To enter into any new state of 
the body or mind. Shak. To sink into an air of 
discontent or dejection of the look. Judith. To sink 
below something in comparison. Waller. To hap- 
pen ; to befall. Hooker. To come by chance ; to 
light on. Shak. To come in a staled method, 
Holder. To come unexpectedly. Boyle. To be- 
gin any thing with ardour and vehemence. Sidney. 
To handle or treat directly. Addison. To come 
vindictively. 1 Chron. To come by any mis 
chance to any new possessor. Knolles. To drop 
or pass by carelessness or imprudence. Pope. To 
come forcibly and irresistibly. Acts, xix. To become 
the property of any one by lot, chance, or other- 
wise. Spenser. To languish; to grow faint. Ad- 
dison. To be born; to be yeaned. Mortimer. — To 
fall aboard. To begin eagerly to eat. Parrot. 
To fall away. To grow lean. Arhuthnot. To 
revolt ; to change allegiance. 2 Kings. To apos- 
tatize. St. Luke. To perish ; to be~lost. Dryden. j 
To decline gradually; to fade; to languish. Ad- 
dison. To fall back. To fail of a promise or 
purpose. Bp. Taylor. To recede ; to give way. 
To fall down. To prostrate himself in adora- 
tion. Psalm lxxii. To sink ; not to stand. Esth. xv. j 
To bend as a suppliant. Is. xlv. To fall from. | 
To revolt ; to depart from adherence. Shak. To \ 
fall in. To concur; to coincide. Woodward. \ 
To comply ; to yield to. Spectator. A military j 
term. To form in ranks. To fall into. To vield ' 
to. AUerbury. To fall off. To separate ; to be j 
broken. Sliak. To perish ; to die away. Felion. j 
To apostatize ; to revolt. Shak. To fall on. To ! 
begin eagerly to do any thing. Dryden. To make 
an assault. Shak. To fall over. To revolt ; to 
desert from one side to the other. Shak. To fall j 
out. To quarrel; to jar. Sidney. To happen;! 
to befall. Sidney. To fall to. To begin eagerly I 



to eat. Dryden. To apply himself to. Sidney 
To submit himself to; to go over to. Jerem. xxi. 
To fall under. To be subject to. Bacon. To 
be ranged with. Addison. To fall upon. To 
attack ; to invade. Knolles. To attempt. Holder. 
To rush against. Addison. 

To FALL, fall. v. a. To drop; to let fall. Shak. To 
sink ; to depress. Bacon. To diminish ; to let sink. 
Locke. To yean ; to bring forth. Shakspeare. 

FALL, fall. n. s. The act of dropping from en high. 
Dryden. The act of tumbling from an erect pos- 
ture. Shak. The violence suffered in dropping 
from on high. Bacon. Death; overthrow; de- 
struction incurred. Shak. Ruin ; dissolution. Den- 
ham. Downfal; loss of greatness; declension from 
eminence ; degradation. Sidney. Declension of 
greatness, power, or dominion. Hooker. Diminu- 
tion ; decrease of value. Child. Declination or 
diminution of sound ; cadence ; close of musick. 
Shak. Declivity ; steep descent. Bacon. Cata- 
ract ; cascade. Shak. The outlet of a current into 
any other water. Addison. Autumn ; the fall of 
the leaf. Dryden. Any thing that comes down in 
great quantities. L' Estrange. The act of felling 
or cutting down. A part of the female dress, in 
former times; a kind of veil. B. Jonson. 

FALLACIOUS §, fal-kV-shus. 314. a. [fallacious, 
LatJ Froducing mistake ; sophistical. South. De- 
ceitful ; mocking expectation. Milton. 

FALLA/CIOUSLY, fal-la'-sh&s-le. ad. Sophistical- 
ly ; with purpose 10 deceive. Brown. 

FALLACIOUSNESS, fal-la'-shus-nes. n. s. Ten- 
dency to deceive ; inconclusiveness. 

FA'LL ACY, falMa-se. n. s. [fallacia, Lat.l Sophism ; 
logical artifice ; deceitful argument. Simiey. 

FA'LLAX*, falMaks. n. s. [Lat.] Cavillation. Abp. 
Cranmer. 

FA'LLENCY*, f al'-len-se. n. s. [fallens, Lat.] Mis- 
take; errour. Hayward. 

FA'LLER*, fall'-ur. n. s. One who falls. 

FALLIBILITY, fal-le-bil'-e-te. n. s. Liableness to 
be deceived ; uncertainty. Watts. 

FA'LLIBLES, faF-le-bl. 405. a. [fallo, Lat.] Lia- 
ble to errour ; such as may be deceived. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 

FA'LLIBLY*, falMe-ble. ad. In a fallible manner. 
Huloet. 

FA'LLING, fV/-lmg v )n. s. Indenting, op- 

FA'LLING in, fal'-llng-ln. ) posed to prominence. 
Addison. That which falls. Dryden. 

FA'LLING away*, n. s. Defection; apostasy. 2 
Thess. 

FA'LLING down*, n. s. Prostration. 2 Mace. 

FA'LLING off*, n.s. Declension from virtue to vice. 
Shakspeare. 

FALLINGSICKNESS, f al-ling-snV-ngs. n. s. The 
Walton. 



FALLOTTAN*, fal-W-pe-an. a. Belonging to two 
ducts, arising from the womb, usually called tubes. 

FA'LLOW§, fal'-l6. a. (palepe, Sax.] Pale red, or 
pale yellow. Shak. Unsowed ; left to rest after 
the years of tillage. Hayward. Ploughed, but not 
sowed. Hoivell. Unploughed ; uncultivated. Shak. 
Unoccupied ; neglected. Hudibras. 

FA'LLOW, falMo. 327. n. s. Ground ploughed in or- 
der to be ploughed again. Mortimer. Ground lying 
at rest. Kowe. 

To FA'LLOW, faF-16. «. n. To plough, in order to 
a second ploughing. To fade; to grow yellow. 
Old Norman- Saxon Poem. 

FALLOW-FINCH*, fal'-l6-f!nsh.n.s. The oenanthe 
or wheat-ear. 

FALLOWING*, f al'-lo-lng. n. s. The act of plough- 
ing, in order to a second ploughing. Mortimer. 

FA'LLOWNESS, fal'-l6-nes. n. s. Barrenness ; an 
exemption from bearing fruit. Donne. 

FA'LSARY*, fal'-sa-re. n. s. A falsifier of evidence. 
Sheldon. 

FALSER, false, a. [falsus, Lat.l Not morally true ; 

expressing that which is not thought. Shak Not 

physically true ; conceiving that which ooes not 

exist. Davies. Succedaneous ; supposititious. Ba- 

370 



FAM 



FAN 



— 116, m&ve, nor, n6t ;— tihbc, tflb, b&ll ;— 6ll ;— poftnd 5 — ffein, THis. 



r<m. Deceiving expectation. Spenser. Not agreea- 
ble to rule, or propriety. Shak. Not honest] not 
just. &fcur. Treacherous; perfidious; traitorous. 

Bacon. Counterfeit ; hypocritical ; not real. Dry- 
den. 

FALSE, false, ad. Not truly ; falsely. Shakspeare. 

To FALSE, false, v. a. [falser, Fr.] To violate by 
failure of veracity. Spenser. To deceive. Spenser. 
To defeat ; to balk ; to evade. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FA'LSEFACED* false'-faste. a. Hypocritical; de- 
ceitful. Shakspeare. 

FA'LSEHEART*. false'-hart. c. Perfidious. Shot. 

FALSEHEARTED, false-hart'-ed. a. Treacner- 
ous ; perfidious ; deceitful. Bacon. 

FALSEHEA'RTEDNESS*, false-hart'-ed-nes.n. s. 
Perfidiousness ; deceitfulness. Stilling fleet. 

FALSEHOOD, false'-hud. n. s. Want of truth ; 
want of veracity. Milton. Want of honesty ; treach- 
ery. Milton. A lie; a false assertion. Job, xxi. 
Counterfeit ; imposture. Milton. 

<ry- This word, by the parsimony of printers, is often spelt 
without the e. They may allege, that spelling the word 
with e makes it liable to be pronounced in three sylla- 
bles, by those who do not know the composition of the 
word ; and it may be answered, that spelling it without 
the c makes it liable to a mispronunciation, by joining 
the s and h together. If, therefore, the composition 
must be understood before the word can be pronounced 
with security, let it, at least, be presented to the eye, 
and the chance of a mistake will bo less. — See House- 
hold and Hogshead. W. 

FVLSELY, falseMe. ad. Contrary to truth; not 
truly. Government of the Tongue. Erroneously ; 
by mistake. Smahidge. Perfidiously ; treacher- 
ously ; deceitfully. Shakspeare. 

FA'LSENESS, false'-nes. n. s. Contrariety to truth. 
Shale. Want of veracity ; violation of promise. 
Tillotson. Duplicity ; deceit. Hammond. Treach- 
ery; perfidy; traitorousness. Shakspeare. 

FA'LSER, fals'-fir. n. s. A deceiver. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FALSE' f TO*, fal-seV-16. [Ilal.] A musical term; 
a feigned voice. Burke. 

FA'LSIFIABLE, fal'-se-fl-a-bl. 183. a. Liable to be 
coiuiteifeited or corrupted. Cotgrave. 

FALSIFICATION, fal-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. The 
act of counterfeiting any thing, so as to make it 
appear what it is not. Hooker. Confutation. 
Broome. 

FALSIFICATOR*, fal'-se-fe-ka-tur. n. s. A falsi- 
fier. Bp. Morton. 

FA'LSIFIER, fal'-se-fi-Sr. n. s. One that counter- 
feits ; one that makes any thing to seem what it is 
not. Asc.ham. A liar. L' Estrange. 

To FALSIFY, fal'-se-fl. v. a. [falsifier, Fr.] To 
counterfeit; to forge. Hooker. To confute; to 
prove false. Addison. To violate; to break by 
falsehood. Sidney. To pierce; to run through. 
Dnjden. 

To FA'LSIFY, fal'-se-fl. 183. v. n. To tell lies. 
South. 

FALSITY, fal'-se-te. n. s. [falsitas, Lat.] False- 
hood ; contrariety to truth. Hooka: A lie ; an 
errour. Milton. 

To FALTER §, f al'-tfir. r. n. [vaulttur, Icelandick.] 
To hesitate in the utterance of words. Spenser. 
To fail in any act of the body. Wiseman. To fail 
in any act of the understanding. Locke. ' 

To FA'LTER, fal'-t&r. r. a. To sift ; to cleanse. 
Mortimer. A provincial word. 

FILTERING*, fal'-tur-?ng. n. s. Feebleness; de- 
ficiency. Killinzbeck. 

FA'LTERINGLY, fal'-tfir-lng-le. ad. With hesita- 
tion ; with difficulty ; with feebleness. 

To FA'MBLE, fam'-bl. v. n. [f amber, Danish.] To 
hesitate in the speech. Skinner. 

FAME§, fame. n. s. [fama, Lat.] Celebrity; re- 
nown. 1 Chron. Report ; rumour. Jos. ix. 

To FAME*, lame. v. a. To make famous. B. Jon- 
son. To report. Sir G, Buck. 

FWMEDyfamd. 359. part. a. Renowned ; celebrated ; 
much talked of, Shakspeare. 

FA'MELESS, fame'-les. a. Without renown. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 



FA M ILIARy, fa-mn'-yar. 113. a. [familiaris, Lat.] 

Domestick ; relating to a family. Pope. Affable ; 
easy in conversation. Shak. Unceremonious; free. 
Sidney. Well known. Hooker. Well acquainted 
with ; accustomed. Locke. Common; frequent. 
Locke. Easy ; unconstrained. Addison. Too near- 
ly acquainted. Camden. Often applied, in the Bible, 
to spirits. Isaiah, xxix. 

FAMI'LIAR. fa-mil'-yar. n. s. An intimate; one 
long acquainted. Rogers. A demon supposed to 
attend at call. Shaksjieare. 

FAMILIA'RITY, fa-mu-ye-aV-e-te. n. s. Easiness 
of conversation; affability. Acquaintance; habi- 
tude. Atterbury. Easy intercourse. Pope. 

To_ FAMI LIARIZE, fa-mil'-yar-lze. v. a. To make 
familiar ; to make easy by habitude. Butler. To 
bring down from a state of distant superiority. 
Addison. 

FAMPLIARLY, f a-mll'-yar-le. ad. Unceremonious- 
ly; with freedom. Bacon. Commonly; frequent- 
ly. Raleioji, Easily ; without lormalitv. Pope. 

FAMILISM*, fam'-e-lizm.rc.s. [from family] The 
tenets of a deluded sect called the Family of Love, iu 
the reis^n of Queen Elizabeth. Bp. Hall. 

FA'MILIST*, fam'-e-fist. n. s. One of the sect called 
I the Family of Love. Pagilt. A master of a family. 
Osborn. 

FAMILLE, fa-meel'. [enfamille, Fr.] In a family 
way; domestically. Swift. 

§5= This word is perfect French, and is never used with 
out en before it. 

" Deluded mortals, whom the great 
" Choose for companions tete-a-tfete ; 
" Who at their dinners en famille, 
" Get leave to sit whene'er you will." — Swift. 

W. 

FAMILY, fam'-e-le. n. s. [familia, Lat.] Those 
who live in the same house ; household. Swift. 
Those that descend from one common progenitor; 
a race ; a generation. Numb. iii. A course of de 
scent ; a genealogy. Pope. A class ; a tribe. A 
species. Bacon. 

FA'MINE, fam'-in. 140. n.s. [famine. Fr.] Search) 
of food; dearth. Hale. 

To FA'MISH§, fam'-ish. v. a. [fames, Lat.] To kil 
with hunger; to starve. Shak. To kill by depri 
vation or denial of any thing necessary to life 
Milton. 

To FAMISH, fam'-ish. v. n. To die of hunger; to 
suffer extreme hunger. Shakspeare. 

FAMISHMENT, fam'-Ish-m&it. n. s. Want of food 
Hakewiii. 

FAMOS1TY, fa-mos'-e-te. n. s. Renown. Diet. 

FA'MOUS^, fa/-mus. 314. a. [famosus, LaU Re- 
nowned; celebrated ; much talked of. Shak. Some- 
times, notorious. Tillotson. 

FA'MOUSED*,ia / -must. a. Renowned; much talked 
of. Shakspeare. 

FA'MOUSLY, fa'-mus-le. ad. With great renown ; 
with great celebration. Shakspeare. Notoriously. 
Nash. 

FAMOUSNESS, fiV-mus-nes, n, s. Celebrity; great 
fame. Bovle. 

To FA'MULATE* fam'-u-late. y. n. [famulor, Lat.] 
To serve. Cockeram. 

FAN §, fan. n. s. [vannus, Lat.] An instrument used 
by ladies to move the air and cool themselves. 
Shak. Any thing spread out like a woman's fan. 
L' 'Estrange. The instrument by which the chaff is 
blown away when corn is winnowed. Isaiah, xxx, 
Any thing by which the air is moved. Dnjden. 
An instrument to raise the fire. Hooker. 

To FAN, fan. u. a. To cool or recreate with a fan. 
Spectator. To ventilate ; to affect by air put -in 
motion. Sliak. To separate, as by winnowing, 
Bacon. 

FANATICAL $*, fa-nat'-pJcal. a. [fanatkus, Lat,] 
Enthusiastick ; wild ; mad. Bp. Lavington. 

FANATICALLY*, f a-nat'-e-kal-le. ad. In a wild 
enthusiastick way. Burke. 

FANATICALNESS*, fa-nat'-e-kaUnes. n. $. Re- 
ligious frenzy. TVilkins. 
£71 



FAN 



FAR 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



FANATICISM, fa-naf-e-sfzm. n. s. Enthusiasm ; 

religious frenzy. Rogers. 
FAN A/TICK, fa-nat'-lk. 509. a. Enthusiastick ; 

struck with a superstitious frenzy. Milton. 
FANA'TICK, fa-nat'-Sk. n. s. An enthusiast ; a man 
mad with wild notions of religion. Decay of 
Piety. 
FA'NCIFUL §, fan'-se-f&l. a. [fancy and full.] Im- 
aginative; rather guided by imagination than 
reason. Woodward. Dictated by the imagination, 
not the reason ; full of wild images. Hay ward. 
FANCIFULLY, fan'-se-ful-e. ad. According to the 
wildness of imagination. More. 

FA'NCIFULNESS, fan'-se-ful-nes. n. s. Addiction 
to the i teasures of imagination. Hale. 

FA'NCYS, fan'-se. n. s. [(pavractia.] Imagination; 
the power by which the mind forms to itself images 
and representations of things, or persons. Milton. 
An opinion bred rather by the imagination than the 
reason. Hooker. Taste ; idea ; conception of 
things. Addison. Image ; conception ; thought. 
SJiak. Inclination ; liking ; fondness. Collier. Love. 
Shak. Caprice; humour; whim. Vnjden. False 
notion. Bacon. Something <h<ti pleases or enter- 
tains without real use or value. Mortimer. 

To FA'NCY, fan'-se. c.n. To imagine; to believe 
without being able to prove. Locke. 

To FA'NCY, fan'-se. v. a. To portray in the mind ; 
to imagine. Dry den. To like ; to be pleased with. 
Raleigh. 

FA'NCYFRAMED*, fan'-se-fram'd. a. Created by 
fancy. Crashaw. 

FA'NCYFREE*, fan'-se-fre. a. Free from the power 
of love. Sliakspeare. 

FA'NCYMONGER, fan'-se-mung-gur. n.s. One 
who deals in tricks of imagination. Shakspeare. 

FA'NCYSICK, fan'-se-sik. a. One whose distemper 
is in his own mind. Shakspeare. 

FAND, {or found. Spenser. 

FANDA'NGO*, fan-dang'-go. n. s. [Spanish.] A 
kind of very lively dance. Swinburne. 

FANE, fane. n.s. (fane, Fr.; f anion, Lat.] A tem- 
ple ; a place consecrated to religion. Shakspeare. 

FA'NFARE*,fiv.'-fkrc.n.s. [Fr.] A sounding of 
trumpets, or a coming into the lists with sound of 
trumpets. Appendix to Mus. Diet. 

FA'NFARON, fan-fa-rdn'. [fan'-fa-r6n, Sheridan; 
fan'-fa-run, Perry. ~\ [See Encore.] n.s. [Fr.] A 
bully; a hector. Dryden. A blusterer; a boaster 
of more than he can perform. L' Estrange. 

FANFARONADE, fan-far-6-nade'. n.s. A bluster; 
a tumour of fictitious dignity. Swift. 

To FANG §, fang. v. a. [pan£en, Sax.] To seize; 
to gripe ; to clutch. Sliakspeare. 

FANG, fang. n. s. The long tusks of a boar or other 
animal by which the prey is seized. Bacon. The 
nails ; the talons. Any shoot or other thing by 
which hold is taken. Evelyn. 

FA'NGED, fangd. 359. a. Furnished with fangs or 
long teeth ; furnished with any instruments in imi- 
tation of fangs. Sliakspeare. 

FA'NGLE$,£ng'-gl.405. n.s. [penman, Sax.] Silly 
attempt ; trifling scheme. Greene. 

FA'NGLED, fang'-gl'd. 359. a. Gaudy ; ridiculous- 
ly showy • New-fangled is new fashioned. Ascliam. 

FA'NGLESS, fangMes. a. Toothless; without 
teeth. Shakspeare. 

FA'NGOT, fa.n'-g6t. n. s. A quantity of wares, as 
raw silk, &c. containing^ from one or two hundred 
weight three quarters. Diet. 

FA'NNEL, fan'-nel. n. s. [forum, Fr.] A sort of or- 
nament like a scarf, worn about the left arm of a 
mass-priest when he officiates. Diet. 

FA'NNER, fan'-nur. n. s. One that plays a fan. Jer. 
li. A winnower of corn. Barret. 

FAWNING*, fan'-nmg. n. s. Ventilation. Coventry. 

FA'NQN*, fan'-dn. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of ornament, 
worn about the arm of a mass-priest. Bale. A ban- 
ner. Cotgrave. 

FA'NTASIED, fanMa-sid. 283. a. Filled with fan- 
cies or wild imaginations. Shakspeare. 

FA'NTASM, far'-tazm. See Fhantasm. 



FANTASTICAL $, fan-tas'-te-kal. ) a. Irrational ; 
FANTA'STICK §, fan-tas'-tlk. 509. \ bred only in 
the imagination. South. Subsisting only in the 
fancy ; imaginary. Shak. Unreal ; apparent only. 
Sliah Uncertain ; unsteady ; irregular. Prior. 
Whimsical ; fanciful ; capricious. Sidney. 
FANTASTICALLY, fan-tas'-te-kal-e. ad. By the 
power of imagination. Capriciously ; humorous 
ly. Shakspeare. Whimsically. Grew. 
FANTA'STICALNESS, fan-tas'-te-kal-nes. ) 
FANTA'STICKNESS, fan-tas'-tlk-nes. ^ n - s - 
Humorousness ; mere compliance with fancy. 
Beaum. and Fl. Whimsicalness ; unreasonable- 
ness. Tillotson. Caprice; unsteadiness. Howell. 

FANTA'STICK*, fan-tas'-tfk. n. s. A fantastick or 
whimsical person. Dr. Jackson. 

FANTASTICKLY*, fan-tas'-tlk-le.a^. Irrationally; 
whimsically. B. Jonson. 

FANTASY §, fan'-ta-se. n.s. [(pavrama.] Fancy: 
imagination ; the power of imagining. Shakspeare. 
Idea; image of the mind. Spenser. Humour; in- 
clination. Whitgift. 
To FANTASY*, fan'-ta-se. v. a. To like ; to fancy 
Cavendish. 

FA'NTOM, fan'-tum. See Phantom. 

FAP, fap. a. Fuddled ; drunk. Shakspeare. 

FA'QUIRVa'-kui^orfa-keer'.ra.s. [Arab.] [Writ- 
ten also fakir and fakeer.] A kind of Manometan 
religious; a sort of dervis, travelling about and 
collecting alms. Johnson. 

FAR§, far. 77, 78. ad. [peop, Sax.] To great extent 
in length. Prior. To a great extent every way. 
Prior. To a great distance progressively. Shak. 
Remotelv ; at a great distance. Sidney. To a dis- 
tance. Psalm ciii. In a great part. Judg. xix. In 
a great proportion ; by many degrees. Prov. xxxi. 
To a great height ; magnificently. Shak. To a 
certain point or degree. Hooker. — Far off. At a 
great distance. Milton. To a great distance. Mil- 
ion. — Off is joined with far, when far, noting dis- 
tance, is not followed by a preposition : as, I set the 
boat far off, I set the boat far from me. Far is used 
often in composition : as, far-shooting, far-seeing. 

FAR, far. a. Distant; remote. St. Mark, xiii. — From 
far. From a remote place. Deut. xxvii. — Remoter 
of the two. [In horsemanship.] The right side of 
the horse. Dryden. 

FAR, far. n.s. [from far trow.] Young pigs. Tusser. 

FAR- ABOUT*, far'-a-bSut. n.s. A going out of the 
way. Fuller. 

FAR-FET*, far'-fet. a. [far and fet, for fetclwd.] 
Brought from places remote. Beaum. and Fl. Stu- 
diously sought ; elaborately strained. Shakspeare. 

FAR-FETCH, ftr-felsh'. n.s. [far and fetch.] A 
deep stratagem. Hudihras. 

FAR-FETCHED, far-fetsht'. 359. a. Brought from 
places remote. Dryden. Studiously sought ; elabc*- 
rately strained. Watts. 

FAR-PIERCING, far-peer'-s?ng. a. Striking or 
penetrating a great way. Pope. 

FAR-SHOOTING, far-sh66t'-fng. a. Shooting to a 
great distance. Dryden. 

To FARCE § ; farse. v. a. [farrio, Lat.] To stuff: 
to fill with mingled ingredients. Clumcer. To ex- 
tend ; to swell out. Shakspeare. — Now To force. 

FARCE, farse. n.s. [farce, Fr.] A dramatick 
representation written without regularity, and 
stuffed with wild and ludicrous conceits. Dryden.. 

FA'RCICAL, far'-se-kal. a. Belonging to a farce ; 
appropriated to a farce. Gay. 

FA RCICALLY*, far'-se-kal-le. ad. In a manner 
suitable only to a farce. Langhome. 

FA'RCING*, far'-s'ing. n. s. Stuffing with mixed in- 
gredients. Carew. 

FA'RCY, far'-se. n. s. [fai-cin, Fr.] The leprosy 
of horses. 

To FARD*, fard. v. a. [farder, Fr.] To paint ; to 
colour. Slienstone. 

FA RDEL §, far'-del. n. s. [fardello, Ital.] A bun- 
dle ; a little pack. Sir T. Elyot. 

To FA'RDEL*, far'-del, v. a. To make up in bun- 
dles. Fuller. 

372 



FAR 



FAS 



— 116, move, ndr, not;— tube, tub, bull; — 6ll ;— pound ; — tlrin, thjs. 



To FARE k, fare, v.n. [papan. Sax.J To go; to 
pass; to travel. Spenser- To be 111 any stale, 
good or bad. Spenser. To proceed in toy train of 
consequences, good or bad. Hooker. To happen to 
any one. well or ill. South. To feed ; to eat. Luke. 

FARE. fare. n. s. [pape, Sax.] Journey; passage. 

Spenser. Price ot passage in a vehicle by land or 

by water. Jonali. The person carried." Drum- 

mond. Food prepared for the table ; provisions. 

Milton. 

v \ vfvwvu t S fare'-wel, or fare-wel'. ) ad. The 
1 ARE WE LL, J fo,,^ or far _ w & /; \ partin?? 

compliment ; adieu. Shakspeare. It is sometimes 
used only as an expression of separation without 
kindness. Waller. 
ftCf To all these different pronunciations is this word 
subject. The accentuation, either on the first or last 
syllable, depends much on the rhythm of the sentence. — 
See Commodore and Commonwealth. 
When it is used as a substantive, without an adjective 
before it, the accent is generally on the first syllable ; 
as. 
" See how the morning opes her golden gates. 
" And takes her farewell of the glorious sun." 

Sliakspeare. 
Or if the adjective follow the substantive, as, 

"If chance the ridiant sun with farewell sweet, 
" Extend his ev'ning beam, the fields revive, 
" The birds their notes renew, and bleating herds 
"Attest their joy, that hill and valley ring." 

Milton. 
But, if the adjective precede the substantive, the accent is 
generally placed on the last syllable ; as, 
" Treading the path to nobler ends, 
" A Ion* farewell to love I gave." 

Waller. 
As in this grove 1 took my ]ast/areice7Z." 

Dryden. 
Or when it is governed by a verb, as, " I bade him fare- 

iceM," or, " I bade fareic ell to him." 
When it is used as an adjective, the accent is always on 

the first syllable ; as, " A. farewell sermon." 
But when it i3 used as an interjection, (for, with great 
deference to Dr. Johnson. I cannot think it an adverb.) 
the accent is either on the first or second syllable, as 
the rhythm of pronunciation seems to require. 
'• Bat farewell, king ; sith thus thou wilt appear, 
" Freedom lives hence, and banishment is here." 

Shakspeare. 

"O queen, farewell ; be still possest 

" Of dear remembrance, blessing still and blest." 

Pope. 
With respect to the pronunciation of a in the first sylla- 
ble of this word. Mr. Sheridan says, that in England the 
first syllable is pronounced like far, and in Ireland like 
fare. But, if this be really the case, the two nations |j 
seem to have changed dialects ; for nothing can be more |l 
evident, to the most superficial observer,lhan the ten- 
dency in Ireland to pronounce the a like that in far 
and in England like that in /are. Xot that I think the 
pronunciation of the first syllable of farewell, like far, 
either vitious or vilgar: I am convinced many good 
speakers so pronounce it ; but the other pronunciation 
I think the more eligible, as well as more general. Dr. 
Kenrick and Mr. Scott pronounce it with the second 
sound of a, and W. Johnston and Mr. Perrv with the 
first. W. 
FARE WE'LL, fare-weh n.s. Leave; act of de- 
parture. Sliakspeare. It is sometimes used as an 
adjective ; leave-taking. Spectator. 
FARLNA'CEOUS, far-e-na'-shus. a. [farina, Lat.] 

Mealy; tasting like meal. Arhuthnot. 
FARM $. farm. n. s. [ferme, Fi\] Ground let to a 
tenant; ground cultivated by another man upon 
condition of paying part of the profit to the owner. 
Hayicard. The state of lands let out to the cul- 
ture of tenants. Spenser. 
To FARM, farm. v. a. To let out to tenants at a cer- 
tain rent. ShaJc. To take at a certain rate. Cam- 
den. To cultivate land. 
FA'RMABLE*, farm'4-bl. a. That may be farm- 
ed. Slierwood. 
FA'RMER. far'-mfir. n.s. [fermier, Fr.] One who 
cultivates hired ground. Shak. One who cultivates 
ground. Mortimer. One who rents any thing ; as, 
farmer of the post-liorse duties. Lord Halifax. 



FA'RMOST, far^-mAst. 71. s. Most distant ; remotest. 
Dry den. 

FA RNESS, far / -ne , s. n. s. Distance ; remoteness. 
Carew. 

FARRAGINOUS, far-radje'-e-nfi*. a. Formed of 
different materials. Brown. 

FARRA'GO,far-rh'-g6.n. n.s. [Lat.] A mass 
formed confusedly of several ingredients; a med- 
ley. B. Jonson. 

FARREA'TION*. far-re-a'-shfin. n. s. [farreatio r 
Lat J Confarreation. Bullokar. 

FA / RRlER$.fai- / -re-iV. n.s. [ferrarius.Lat.] A 
shoer of horses. Digby. One who professes the 
medicine of horses. Sirift. 

To FARRIER, far'-re-fir. v.n. To practise pfcys- 
ick or ehirurgerv on horses. Mortimer. 

FA'RRIERY*. l'ar'-re-ur-e. n. s. The practice of 
trimming the feet, and curing the diseases of horses. 
The farriers of modem days apply farriery merely 
to slioeing horses, and the more stately term ot 
veterinary art to healing the sick animal. 

FARROW §, far'-ro. '327. n. s. [pseph, Sax.] A 
litter of pigs. Shakspeare. 

To FA'RROW, iV-r6. v. a. To bring forth pigs. 
Tusser. 

FA'RSANG*. See Pharsasg 

To FARSE*. See To Farce. 

FART v s . fart. n. s. Wind from behind. 

To FART. fart. v. n. To break wind behind. 

FA'RTHER, far'-THer. ad. [we ought to write fur- 
ther and furthest, popftop, pupSep, Sax.] At a 
greater distance ; to a greater distance ; more re- 
motelv; bevond; moreover. Dryden. 

FARTHER* far'-THer. 98. a. More remote. Dry- 
den. Longer; tending to greater distance. Dryden: 

FA RTHEUANCE, lar'-THer-anse. n. s. [more 
properly furtherance.'] Encouragement ; promo- 
tion. Ascham. 

FA'RTHERMORE, far-rtier-mdre'. ad. [more 
properly furthermore.] Besides; over and above ; 
likewise. Raleigh. 

To FA'RTHER. far'-THer. v.n. [more properly 
To further^] To promote ; to facilitate 5 to ad- 
vance. Druden. 

FARTHEST, far'-THest. a. Most distant ; remotest. 
Hooker. 

FA'RTHEST. far'-THCst. ad. [more properly fur- 
thest.] At the greatest distance. To the greatest 
distance. 

FA'RTHING, far'-THmg. n.s. [peop^im^. Sax.J 
The fourth of a penny. Cocker. Copper money. 
Gay. It is used sometimes in a sense hyperbolieaJj 
as, It is not worth a farthing. Dryden. A kind ol 
division of land. Carew. 

FA'RTHINGALE, far'-THmg-gal. n. s. A hoop 
circles of whalebone used to spread the petticoat tc 
a wide circumference. Shakspeare. 

FA'RTHLVGSWORTH, far'-THlugz-wurth. n. s. 
As much as is sold for a farthing. Arbuthnot. 

FASCES, fas'-sez. n. s. [Lat.] Rods anciently car- 
ried before the consuls as a mark of their authority, 
Dn/den. 

FA' SCI A, fash'-e-a. 92. n.s. [Lat.] A fillet: a 
bandage. 

FA'SCIATED, fash'-e-a-ted. a. Bound with fillets ; 
tied with a bandage. Diet. 

FASCIA'TION, fash-e-a'-shun. 356. n. s. Bandage; 
the act or manner of binding diseased parts. Wise- 
man. 

To FA'SCINATE $, fas'-se-nate. v.a. [fastino,Lat.~] 
To bewitch; to enchant; to influence in soincr 
wicked and secret manner. Bacon. 

FASCINATION, fas-se-na'-shan. n. s. The power 
or act of bewitching; enchantment; unseen, inex- 
plicable influence. Bacon. 

FA'SCINE, fas-sene'. 112. n.s. [Fr.] A fagot. Ad- 
dison. 
FASCINOUS, nV-se-mis. a. [fascinu?n, Lat.] 
Caused or acting bv witchcraft. Harrey. 

To FASH*, fash. v. a. [fascJier, old Fr.] To vex; 

to tease. 
FASHIONS. fash'-An. n. s. [faron. Fr.] Form; 
373 



FAS 



FAT 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin j- 



make; statee&f any thing with regard to outward 
appearance. Hooker. The make or cut of clothes. 
Shak. Manner ; sort ; way. Shak. Custom ope- 
rating upon dress ^r any domestick ornaments. 
Sha£. Custom ; general practice. Sidney. Man- 
ner imitated from another; way established by 
precedent. Sliak. General approbation ; mode. 
Locke. Rank; condition above (he vulgar. Ra- 
leigh. Any thing worn. Shak. The farcy, a dis- 
temper in horses. Shak. Workmanship; the act 
of making a thing. Overbury. 

ITo FASHION, fash'-fin. v. a. [faconner, Fr.] To 
form ; to mould ; to figure. Sliak. To fit ; to adapt ; 
to accommodate. Spenser. To counterfeit. Shak. 
To make according to the rule prescribed by cus- 
tom. Locke. 

FASHIONABLE, fash'-un-a-bl. a. Approved by 
Custom ; established by custom ; modish. Gh.nmlk. 
Made according to the mode. Dryden. Observant 
of the mode. Shak. Having rank above the vul- 
gar and below nobility. 

FASHIONABLENESS, fash'-un-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Form ; state of any thing with regard to outward 
appearance. Bp. Hall. Modish elegance. Locke. 

FASHIONABLY, fash'-un-a-ble. ad. In a manner 
conformable to custom; with modish elegance. 
South. 

FASHIONER*, fash'-un-ur. n.s. A maker of any- 
thing. B. Jonson. 

FASHIONIST, fash'-un-ist., n. s. A follower of the 
mode i a fop ; a coxcomb. Diet. 

FASHIONiMONGER*, fash'-fin-mang'-gur. n. s. 
One who studies fashions. Marslon. 

FASHIONMONGERING*, fash'-un-mung'-gfir- 
Ing. a. Behaving like a fashionmonger. Shakspeare. 

To FAST §,fast. 79. v.n. [psertan, Sax.] To abstain 
from food. Bacon. To mortify the body by religious 
abstinence. St. Matt. 

FAST, fast. n, s. Abstinence from food. Bp Tay- 
lor. Religious mortification by abstinence ; reli- 
gious humiliation. Atterbury. 

FAST, fast. a. [payfc, Sax.] Firm ; immovable. 
Psilm Ixv. Strong; impregnable. Spenser. Fix- 
eo. j adhering. Knolles. Deep ; sound. Shakspeare. 
Firm in adherence Ascham. Speedy; quick; swift. 
[ffesf.. Welsh.] Ezra. — Fast and loose. Uncertain; 
variable; inconstant; deceitful. Sidney. 

FAST, fast. ad. Firmly ; immovably. Shak. Close- 
ly ; nearly. Knolles. Swiftly ; nimbly. Shak. Fre- 
quently. Hammond, 

To FASTEN, fas'-sn. 405. v. a. To make fast ; to 
make firm. Sidney. To hold together; to cement; 
io link Donne. To affix; to conjoin. Swift. To 
stamp; to impress; to fix. Shak. To unite insepa- 
rably. Decay of Piety. To lay on with strength. 
Dryden. 

To FA STEN, fas'-sn. 472. v.n. To fix itself. Brown. 

FASTENER, fas'-sn-ur. n. s. One that makes fast 
or firm. Sherwood. 

FASTENING*, fas'-sn-lng. n.s. That which fas- 
tens. Habak. ii. 

FASTER, f ast'-ur. 98. n. s. He who abstains from 
food. Ainsworfh. 

FASTHANDED, fastMvind-eU a. Avaricious; 
closehanded; covetous. Bacon. 

FASTIDIOSITY, fas-tfd-e-os'-e-te. n.s. Disdain- 
fulness; contemptuousness. Swift. 
FASTFDIOUS §, fas-tM'-e-us, or fas-tM'-je-us. 293, 
294. a. [fastidiosus. Lat.] Disdainful ; squeamish ; 
insolentlv nice. Bacon. 
FASTIDIOUSLY, fas-t?d / -e-us-le, or fas-tld'-je-us- 
le. 293, 294. ad. Disdainfully ; contemptuously ; 
squeamish. Government of the Tongue. 
FASTIDIOUSNESS*, fas-tld'-e^us-nes. n. s. 

Squeamishness ; disdainfulness. Boyle. 
FASTPGIATE*, fas-tfd'-je-ate. } a. \ fastigia- 
FASTI'GIATED, fas-tld'-je-a-tSd. \ tus, Lat.] 

Roofed ; narrowed up to the top. Ray. 
FASTING*, fast'-lng. n.s. Religious mortification. 

St. Luke, ii. 
FASTINGDAY, fast'-fng-da. n.s. Day of mortifi- 
cation by religious abstinence. Bp. Taylor. 



FASTLY*, fast'-le. ad. Surely. Barret. 

FASTNESS, fast'-ngs. n, s. State of being fast. 
Smith. Firmness ; firm adherence. Bacon. Strength ; 
security. Dairies. A strong place ; a place not ea- 
sily forced. Beaumont and Fletcher. Closeness ; 
conciseness. Ascham. 

FASTUOUS, f&s'-tshu-us. 464. a. [fastuosus, Lat.] 
Proud; haughty. Barrow. 

FAT §, fat. a. [pax, Sax.] Full-fed ; plump ; fleshy. 
Arbuthnot. Coarse; gross, [fat, Fr.] Dryden. 
Dull. Dryden. Wealthy; rich. Milton. 

FAT, fat. n. s. An oily part of the blood, deposited 
in the cells of the membrana adiposa, from the in- 
numerable little vessels which are spread amongst 
them. Quincy. 

To FAT, fat. v. a. To make fat; to fatten. Abbot. 

To FAT, fat. v. n. To grow fat ; to grow full flesh- 
ed. Mortimer. 

FAT, fat. n. s. [pate, Sax. Generally written rat.] 
A vessel in which anything is put to ferment or 
be soaked. Joel, ii. 

FATAL y, fa'-tal. a. [fatalis, Lat.] Deadly; mor- 
tal ; destructive. Dryden. Proceeding by destiny ; 
inevitable ; necessary. Tillotson. Appointed by 
destiny. Bacon. 

FATALISM*, fa'-tal-lkm. n.s. The doctrine that all 
things happen by necessity. Bp. Berkeley. 

FATALIST, fa'-tal-Hst. n.s. One who maintains 
that all things happen by inevitable necessity 
Watts. 

FATA'LITY, f a-tal'-e-te. n. s. [fatalite, Fr.] Pre- 
destination ; predetermined order or series of things 
and events. South. Decree of fate. King Charles. 
Tendency to danger. Brown. 

FATALLY, fa'-tal-le. ad. Mortally ; destructively ; 
even to death. Denluam. By the decree of fate. 
Bentley. 

FAT ALNESS, fa'-tal-nSs. n.s. Invincible necessity. 
Sherwood. 

FATBRA1NED*, fat'-braird. a. Having a dull ap- 
prehension. Shakspeare. 

FATEy, fate. n.s. [fatum, Lat.] Destiny; an eter- 
nal series of successive causes. Milton. Event 
predetermined. Shak. Death; destruction. Den- 
ham. a u so of de ath . 

FATED, fa'-ted. a. Decreed by fate. Dryden. De- 
termined in any manner by fate. Prior. Endued 
with any quality by fate. Dryden. Invested with 
the power of ti^al determination. Shakspeare. 

FATHERS, fa'-Tiih. 34, 76,78, 98. n. s. [paeSep, 
Sax.] He by whom the son or daughter is begot- 
ten. Locke. The first ancestor. Rom. iv. The 
appellation of an old man. Camden. The title of 
any man reverend for age, learning, and piety. 
Sluik. One who has- given original to any thing, 
good or bad. Gen. iv. The ecclesiastical writers 
of the first centuries. Siillingjleet. One who acts 
with paternal care and tenderness. Job, xxix. The 
title of a popish confessor. Addison. The title of 
a senator of old Rome. Dryden. The appellation 
of the first person of the adorable Trinity. Bp. 
Taylor. The compellation of God as Creator. 
St. John, viii. 

FATHER-IN-LAW, fa'-THer-?n-law. n. s. The 
father of one's husband or wife. Addison. 

To FATHER, fa'-THer. v. a. To take; to adopt as 
a son or daughter. Sliak. To supply with a 
father. Shak. To adopt a composition. Swift. 
To ascribe to any one as his offspring, or produc- 
tion. Hooker. 

FATHERHOOD, fa'-THeVnud. n. s. The charac- 
ter or authority of a fatl.er. Bp. Hall. 

FATHERLESS, fa'-THeV-lks. a. War ting a father ; 
destitute of a father. Ercod. xxii Wanting au- 
thority. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FATHERLINESS, fa'-THer-le-nes. n, s. The ten- 
derness of a father ; parental kindness. Sherwood. 

FATHERLY, fa'-THer-le. a. Paternal ; like a fa- 
ther ; tender ; protecting ; careful. Shakspeare. 

FATHERLY, fa'-THer-Ie. ad. In the manner of a 
father. Fox. 

FATHOM y. faTH'-um. 166. n. s. [paebem, pa?Sm 
374 



FAU 



FAV 



-116, move, n6r, n6t ;— tube, tub, hftll ;— oil ;— pS&nd ;— </ii 



m, THIS. 



Sax.] A measure of length containing six teet ; the 
space to which a man can extend both arm-;. 
Brown. Reach; penetration; depth of contri- 
vance ; compass of thought. Shakspecwe. 

To FATHOM, ftiTH'-um. v. a. To encompass with 
the arms extended or eucircling. To reach ; to 
master. Dryden. To sound ; to try with respect 
to the depth. Felton. To penetrate into ; to find 
the bottom : as, I cannot fathom his desijrn. /. 
Hall. 

FA'THOMER*, faTH'-um-iir. n. s. One employed 
in fathoming. Shericood. 

FA'THOxMLESS, faTn'-tWles. a. That of which 
no bottom can be found. Sandys. That of which 
the circumference cannot be embraced. Shak. 

FATI'DICAL, fa-ud'-e-kal. a. [fatidicus, Lat.] 
Prophetick ; having the power to foretell. How- 
ell. 

FATITEROUS, fa-tif-fe-r&s. a. [fatifer, Lat.] 
Deadlv ; mortal ; destmctive. Diet. 

FA'TIGABLE^'af-e-ga-bl. a. Easily wearied ; sus- 
ceptible of weariness. 

To FA'TIGATE^, fal'-e-gate. 91. v. a. [fatigo, 
Lat.] To weary; to fatigue. Sir T. Ehjot. 

FA'TIGATE*, f at'-e-gate. a. Wearied ; worn out. 

S\r T. E/yot. Ob. T. 
FATlGATIOxN*, fat-e-ga'-shun. n. s. Weariness. 

W. Motmtagu. 
FATIGUES, fa-teeg'. 337. n. s. [fatigo, Lat.] 
Weariness ; lassitude. Armstrong. The cause of 
weariness ; labour ; toil. Dryden. 
To FATFGUE, fa-teeg'. 112. v. a. To tire ; to wea- 
ry ; to harass with toil. Prior. 
FATKIDNEYED, fat'-kld-nfd. 283. a. [fat and 
kidney.] Fat; by way of reproach or contempt. 
Shakspeare. 
FA'TLING, fat'-Hng. n.s. A young animal fed fat 

for the slaughter- Isaiah, xi. 
FA'TEY*, fat'-le. ad. Grossly ; greasily. Cofgrave. 
FA'TNER, or FA'TTENER, fat'-tn-ur. n. s. That 

which gives fatness. Arbuthnot. 
FA'TNESS, fat'-nes. n.s. The quality of being fat, 
or plump. Fat; grease; fulness of flesh. Spenser. 
Unctuous or greasy matter. Bacon. Oleaginous- 
ness ; sliminess. Judges, ix. Fertility ; fruitful- 
ness. Gen. xxvii. That which causes fertility. 
Pliillips. 
2 T o FATTEN, fat'-tn. 405. v.a. To feed up; to| 
make fleshy. Arbuthnot. To make fruitful. Dry-\ 
den. To feed grossly ; to increase. Dryden. 
To FA'TTEN, fat'-tn. v.n. To grow fat; to be 

pampered. Of way. 
FA'TTENER*. See Fatner. 
FATT1NESS*, fat'-le-nes. n. 5. Grossness ; fulness 

of flesh. Sherwood. 
FA'TTISH* f&t'-tish. a. Inclining to fatness. Sher- 
wood. 
FA'TTY, fat'-te. a. Unctuous; oleaginous; greasy. 

Bacon. 
FATUITY, fa-tiV-e-te. n. s. Foolishness ; weakness 

of mind. King Charles. 
<tCr For the second syllable of this word, see Futurity. 

W. 
FA'TUOUSS, fatsh'-u-fis. 461. a. f fatuns, Lat.] 
Slupid ; foolish ; feeble of mind. Donne. Impo- 
tent ; without force. Denluxm. 
FATWITTED, fat'-wlt-ed. a. Heavy ; dull ; stu- 
pid. Shakspeare. 
FA'UCET, faw'-set. n. s. [fausset, Fr.] The pipe 
inserted into a vessel to give vent to the liquor, and 
stopped up by a peg or spigot. Shakspeare. 
FA'UCHION, fal'-shun. n.e. A crooked sword. 

Dryden. See Falchion. 
FA' UFEL,{ aw'-fcl. n.s. [Fr.] The fruit of a spe- 
cies of the palm-tree. 
FAUGH*, f&h. An interjection of abhorrence. 
FAULCON. ? - a { Falcon. 
FA'ULCONRY. \ ( Falconry. 
FAULTS, fait. 404. ft. s. [falte, old Fr.] Offence; 
slight crime ; somewhat liable to censure or objec- 
tion. Hooker. Defect ; want ; absence. Sliakspeare, 



Puzzle; difficulty. Sir 11. Wotton. Misfortune. 
Shakspeare. 
{fCf Dr. Johnson tells us, that the I in this word is some- 
times sounded and sometimes mute, and 1 hat. in conver- 
sation, it is generally suppressed. To this Dr. Kenrick 
adds, that it is needlessly suppressed. None of our lex- 
icographers have marked this letter mute but Mr. Sher- 
idan. Mr. Nares says, the word is pronounced both 
ways, and loaves it undetermined ; but Mr. Elphinston 
decides positively against retaining the I, even in writ- 
ing : his reasons are, that, as the French have left out 
the I in their antiquated faulte, we ought to leave it out 
in our English word, which was derived from their an- 
cient one. This reasoning, however, I think, is not con- 
clusive. If, atler deriving words from the living lan- 
guages, and using them for centuries, we were to alter 
them as the parent language happens to alter, our own 
language would have no stability. The truth is, the 
French language is much more altered within the last 
two centuries than the English, and is greatly enfeebled 
by dropping its consonants. Its nasal vowels, too, have 
added to its weakness, by rendering both vowels and 
consonants less distinct. The I in question has nothing 
harsh or uncommon in its sound, and, if it were mute, 
would desert its relation to the Latin falsitas, and 
form a disgraceful exception ; and, if poets have some- 
times dismissed it, to rhyme the word with thought, 
sought, &c, they have as readily admitted it to rhyme 
with vialt, salt, and assault. 

" Which of our thrum-capp'd ancestors found fault, 
" For want of sugar-tongs, or spoons for salt?" — King. 

To FAULT, fait. v. n. To be wrong ; to fail. E. K. 

on Speiuer's Shep. Cal. 
> To FAULT, fait. v. a. To charge with a fault ; to 
accuse. Bp. Hall. 

FA'ULTER, falt'-Qr. h. s. An offender ; one who 
commits a fault. Fairfax. 

To FA'ULTER*. See To Falter. 

FA'ULTFINDER, falt'-flnd-ur. n.s. A censurer, 
an objector. Sidney. 

FA'ULTFUL*, falt'-fal. a. Full of crime. Shak. 

FAULTILY, fal'-te-le. ad. Not rightly ; improper- 
ly ; defectively ; erroneously. Abp. Cranmer. 

FA'ULTINESS, fal'-te-nes. n. s. Badness ; vitious- 
ness. Sidney. Delinquency ; actual offences 
Hooker. Imperfection ; defect. Edwards. 

FA'ULTLESS, falt'-les. a. Exempt from fault; per- 
fect. Fairfax.. 

FA'ULTLESSNESS*, falt'-les-nSs. ft. s. The state 
of being perfect. 
I FA'ULTY, fal'-te. a. [faultif, Fr.] Guilty of a fault ; 
blamable ; criminal ; not innocent. 2 Sam. xiv. 
Wrong ; erroneous. Hooker. Defective ; bad in 
any respect. Bacon. 

FAUN §* fawn. n. s. [Faunus, Lat.] A sort of infe- 
riour heathen deity, pretended to inhabit the woods. 
Milton. 

FA'UNIST*, f awn'-lst. n. s. One who attends tc 
rural disquisitions ; a naturalist. Wliite. 

FA'USEN, faw'-sn. n. s. A sort of large eel. Chap- 
man. 

FA'USSEBRAYEjfaws'-bra.ft..?. A small mount of 
earth, four fathoms wide, erected on the level round 
the foot of the rampart. Harris. 

FATJTORS, faw'-tor. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Favourer; 
countenancer. B. Jimson. 

FA'UTRESS, faw'-tres. n.s. [fantrix, Lat.] A wo- 
man that favours, or shows countenance. Chap- 
man. 

FAVI'LLOUS, fa-vfl'-l&s. a. [favilla, Lat.] Consist- 
ing of ashes. Brown. 

FA'VEL*. n. s. [favele, FrJ[ Deceit. Old Moralitij 
of Hyeke-Scorner. Ob. T. 

FA'VEL* a. [fauveau, Fr.] Yellow; fallow; dun. 
Ob. T. 

To FA'VOUR$, fa'-v&r. r. a. \_faveo, Lat.] To sup- 
port ; to regard with kindness ; to countenance. 
Spenser. To assist with advantages or convenien- 
ces. Addison.. To resemble in feature. Spectator. 
To resemble in any respect. Shak. To conduce 
to ; to contribute. 

FA'VOUR, fa'-v&r. 314. n. s. [favor, Lat.] Kind- 
ness ; kind regard. Shak. Support; defence 
vindication. Rogers. Kindness granted. Sidney. 
375 



FEA 



FEA 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m<k;— pine, pin;— 



Lenit} •, mildness; mitigation of punishment. Swift. 
Leave ; good will ; pardon. Sliak. Object of fa- 
vour. Mi/ton. Something given by a lady to be 
worn. Bacon. Any thing worn openly as a token. 
Shakspeare. Feature ; countenance. Sidney. 
IAVOURABLE, fa'-vfir-a-bl. a. Kind; propitious; 
affectionate. Shale. Palliative; tender; averse 
from censure. Dryden. Conducive to; contribut- 
ing to. Temple. Accommodate ; convenient. 
Clarendon. Beautiful ; well favoured. Spenser. 
FAVOURABLENESS, fa'-vfir-a-bl-nes. n.s. Kind- 
ness ; benignity. Bp. Taylor. 
FAVOURABLY, fa'-vfir-a-ble. ad. Kindly; with 

favour. Hooker. 
FAVOURED, fa'-vfird. part. a. Regarded with 
kindness. Pope. Featured, with well, hard, ill, 
&c. Spenser. 
FAVOUREDLY, fa'-vfird-le. ad. With icell or ill, 

in a fair or foul way. 
FAVOUREDNESS*, fa'-vfird-nSs. n. s. Appear- 
ance. Dent. xvii. 
FAVOURER, fa'-vfir-fir. n.s. One who favours; 
one who regards with kindness or tenderness ; a 
well-wisher ; a friend. Hooker. 
FAVOURITE, fa'-vfir-lt. 156. n. s. [favorite, Fr.] 
A person or thing beloved ; one regarded with fa- 
vour. Gray. One chosen as a companion by a 
superiour. "Clarendon. 
FA VOURITE*, fa'-vfir-lt. a. Beloved ; regarded 

with favour. Addison. 
FAVOURITISM*, fa'-vfir-ft-fcm. n. s. Exercise of 

power by favourites. Burke. 
FAVOURLESS, fa'-vfir-les. a. Unfavoured ; not j 
regarded with kindness. Unfavouring ; unpropi- j 
tious. Spenser. 
FAWN §, fawn. n. s. [faon, Fr.] A young deer. 1 

Spenser. 
/'oPAWN*, fawn. v.n. To bring forth a fawn. Bui- 

lokar. 
To FAWN§, fawn. v.n. [pse^eman. Sax.] To 
court by frisking before one ; as a dog. Sidney. 
To court by any means. Spenser. To court ser- 
vilely. Shakspeare. 
FAWN, fawn. n. s. A servile cringe ; low flattery. 

Shakspeare. 
FA'WNER, f aw'-nfir. n. s. One that fawns ; one 

that pays servile courtship. Spectator. 
FAWNING* faw'-nmg. n. s. Gross or low flattery. 

Shakspeare. 
FA'WNINGLY, f aw'-nlng-le. ad. In a cringing, ser- 
vile way. South. 
FA'XED, faks'-Sd. a. [raex, Sax.] Hairy. Camden. 

Ob. J. 
FAY, fa. n. s. [fee, Fr.] A fairy ; an elf. Milton. 

Faith, [foy, fay, Fr.] Spenser. 
FEABERRY, fe'-be>re. n. s. A gooseberry. Diet. 
To FEAGUE, feeg. 337. v. a. [fegen, Germ.] To 
whip; to chastise; to beat. Duke of Buckingham. 
FEAL $*, fe'-al. a. [fed, Fr.] Faithful. Chambers. 

Ob. T. 
FEALTY, fe'-al-te. n.s. [fealty, old Fr. ; feaulteA 
Fr.] Duty due to a superiour lord ; fidelity to a I 
master; loyalty. Sitakspeare. 

95= Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. ' 
Johnston, and, if we may judge by the position of the ' 
accent, Entick, make only two syllables of this word ; 
Mr. Perry, Mr. Nares, and, by the position of the ac- 
cent, Dr. Ash, three. I do not hesitate a moment to 
pronounce the .ast division the best ; not only as it is 
immediately derived from a French word of three sylla- 
bles, feaviti, but as this is generally its quantity in 
Milton and Shakspeare : 
" I am in parliament pledge for his truth, 
" And lasting fealty to the new-made king." 

Shakspeare. 

,f - Let my sovereign 

u Command my eldest son, nay, all my sons, 

" As pledges of my fealty and love." — Shakspeare. 

" — - Man, disobeying, 

" Disloyal, breaks his fealty, and sins 

" Against the high supremacy of heaven." — Mitton. 

" Each bird and beast behold 

u After their kinds : I bring them to receive 



" From thee their names, and pay thee fealty 
" With low subjection."— Milton. 
" Whether his first design be to withdraw 
" Our fealty to God, or to disturb 
" Conjugal love."— Milton. 
In these quotations from Johnson we see the first on.'y 
makes fealty two syllables; and even here it may be 
presumed there is a poetical license exactly like that 
which Young uses in the word really .• 
" Why, really, sixty-five is somewhat old." W. 
FEAR§, fere. 227. n.s. [faurhtan, Goth.] Dread: 
terrour; painful apprehension of danger. Locke. 
Awe ; dejection of mind at the presence of any 
person or thing. Anxiety ; solicitude. 2 Mace. xv. 
That which causes fear. Spenser. The object of 
fear. Gen. xxxi. Something hung up to scare 
deer. Isaiah, xxiv. 
FEAR, fere. n. s. [poepa, Sax.] A companion. 
Spenser. Oh. J. The true word is Fere, which 
see. 
To FEAR, fere. v. a. To dread ; to consider with 
apprehensions of terrour; to be afraid of. Shak. 
To fright ; to make afraid. Bp. Fisher. To rev- 
erence. Psalm exxx. 
To FEAR, fere. v. n. To live in terrour ; to be 

afraid. Shakspeare. To be anxious. Dryden. 
FEARFUL, fere'-ffil, or feV-ffil. 230. [See 
Fierce.] a. Timorous; easily made afraid. 
Isaiah, xxxv. Afraid. Davies. Awful ; to be rev- 
erenced. Exodus, xv. Terrible ; dreadful ; fright- 
ful. Hooker. 
FEARFULLY, fere'-f fil-le, or f6r'-ful-le. ad. Tim- 
orously; in fear. Shak. Terribly; dreadfully. 
Shak. In a manner to be reverenced. Psalm 
c\xxix 
FE ARFULNESS, fere'-ful-nSs, or f eV-f fil-nes. n. s. 
Timorousness ; habitual timidity. State of being 
afraid ; awe ; dread. Hooker. 
FEARLESS, fere'-les. a. Free from fear ; intrepid ; 

courageous ; bold ; unfeared. Spenser. 
FEARLESSLY, fere'-lgs-le. ad. Without terrour ; 

intrepidly. Decay of Piety. 
FEARLESSNESS, fere'-les-nes. n.s. Exemption 

from fear ; intrepidity. Clarendon. 
FEASIBILITY, fe-ze-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Practicability 

A thing practicable. Brown. 
FEASIBLE*, fe'-ze-bl. 227. n.s. Whatever is prac- 
ticable. Glanville. 
FEASIBLE §, fe'-ze-bl. a. [faisible, Fr] Practica- 
ble ; that may be effected. South. 
FEASIBLENESS*, fe'-ze-bl-nSs. n s. Practicabil- 
ity. Bp. Hall. 
FEASIBLY, le'-ze-ble. ad. Practicably. 
FEAST $, feest. 227. n.s. [festum, Lat.] An enter- 
tainment of the table ; a sumptuous treat of great 
numbers. Gen. xl. An anniversary day of rejoic- 
ing. Shakspeare. Something delicious to the palate. 



Locke. 
To FEAST, feest. 



Shak- 



n. To eat sumptuously. 
speare. 
To FEAST, feest. v. a. To entertain sumptuously. 
Hay ward. To delight; to pamper. Dryden. 

FEASTER, feest'-fir. «. 5. One that fares delicious- 
Jy. Bp. Taylor. One that entertains magnificen - 
ly. Huloet 

FEASTFUL, feest' -ffil. a. Festive ; joyful. Bale. 
Luxurious ; riotous. Pope. 

FEASTING*, feest'-fng. n. s. An entertainment; a 
treat. Wisdom, xix. 

FEA'STRITE, feest'-rlte. n. s. Custom observed in 
entertainments. Phillips. 

FEAT§, fete. 227. n.s. [feat, Norm. Fr.] Act; 
deed ; action ; exploit. Spenser. A trick ; an art- 
ful or ludicrous performance. Bacon. 

FEAT, fete. a. [fatt, Su. Goth.] Ready ; skilful ; in- 
genious. Shak. Nice; neat. Shak. It is now 
only used in irony and contempt. Stilling feet. 

To FEAT*, fete. v. a. To form ; to fashion. Shak. 

FEATEOUS, fe'-te-fis, or fe'-tshe-fis. 263. a. Neat j 
dexterous. Ob. J. 

FEATEOUSLY, fe'-te-fis-le. ad. Neatly; dexter- 
ously. Spenser. Ob. J. 
376 



FEC 



FEE 



•n&j.m&ve, ndr, nflt;— tube. tob. bill ;— <Hl ;— pSiWl ;—th\n. 



a. s. [peoeji, 

Kind ; nature ; 



FEATHERS, feW-ftr. 98. 234 
S.ix.J The plume of birds. Sluik. 
species. Shak. An ornament ; an empty title. 

Upon a horse : a sort of natural frizzling (it hair. 
Farrier's Diet. 
To FEATHER, f^m'-flr. v. a. To dress in feathers. 
To fit with feaUiers. To tread as a cock. Dryden. 
To enrich ; to adorn ) to exalt. Bacon. — To feath- 
er one's nest. To get riches together. 
FEATHERBED, f 3th -ur-bed. n.s. A bed stuffed 

with feathers. 
FEATHERDRIVER, feTH'-ftr-drl-vfir. n. s. One 
who cleanses feathers by whisking them about. 
Derham. 
FEATHERED, feTH'-firU 359. a. Clothed with 
feathers. Shak. Fitted with feathers; carrying 
feathers. Pope. Svviil ; winged like an arrow. 
Sandys. Smoothed, like down or feathers. Scott. 
FE ATHEREDGE, feTH'-ur-edje. n. s. Boards or 
planks, that have one edge, thinner than another, are 
caWed featheredoe stuff. Moxon. 
FEATHEREDGED, feTH / -iir-edj'd. a. Belonging 

to a featheredge. Mortimer. 
FEATHERFEW, fflH'-ftr-fu. n.s. A plant. Mor- 
timer. 
FEATHERGRASS. feTH'-fir-gras. n.s. An herb. 
FE ATHERLESS, feTH'-ur-Uk a. Having few or 

no feathers. Howell. 
FEATHERLY,feTH'-fir-le. a. Resembling feather. 

Brown. 
FEATHERSELLER, feTn'-fir-sel-ur. n. s. One 

who sells feathers for beds. 
FEATHERY, feTH'-ur-e. a. Clothed with feathers. 

Milton. Light as a feather. Donne. 
FEATLY, fete'-le. ad. [from feed.] Neatly ; nimbly ; 

dexterously. Shakspeare. 
FEATNESS, fete'-ifes. n. s. Neatness ; nicety ; dex- 
terity. Huloet. 
FE'ATOUS. See Feateous. 
FEATOUSLY. See Feateously. 
FEATURES, fe'-tshftre. 462. n.s. {failure, old Fr.] 
The cast or make of the face. Shak. Any linea- 
ment or single part of the face. Spenser. The whole 
turn of the body ; the fashion ; the make. Spen- 
ser. Workmanship. B. Jonson. 
FEATURED*, fe'-lshur'd. a. Having handsome 
features. Shak. Having a good or bad form, shape 
or features. Sir T. More. Resembling in feature 
or countenance. Shalcspeare. 
To FEAZE, feze. v. a. [faisez, Fr.] To untwist the 
end of a rope, and reduce it again to its first stam- 
ina. To beat; to whip with rods. Ainsworth. 
ToFEBRFClTATE, le-brls'-e-tate. v. n. [febrici- 

tor. Lat.] To be in a fever. Diet. 
FEBRFFICK*. fe-brlf-lk. a. Tending to produce 

fever. Lord Chesterfield. 
FEBR1CULOSE, ie-brlk-u-lise'. a. Troubled with 

a fever. Diet. 
FEBRIFUGES, feV-re-fljje. n. s.[febris and/wg-o, 
LatJ An}' medicine serviceable in a fever. Floyer. 
FE'BRIFUGE, : feb'-re-fuje. a. Having the power to 

cure fevers. Arlndhnot. 
FE'BRILE, feV-rfl. 140. a. [febrilis, Lat.] Consti- 
tuting a fever ; proceeding from a fever. Harvey. 
FEBRUARY, feV-ru-a-re. n. s. [Februarius, Lat.] 
The name of the second month in the year. Shak- 
speare. 
FEBRUATION*, feb-ru-a'-shan. n. s. [februatus, 
Lat.] A rite, among the Gentiles, of purifying 5 a 
sacrifice. Spenser. 
FE'CAL*. See Fjecae. 

FECES §, fe'-sez. n. s. [faeces, Lat.] Dregs; lees; 
sediment; subsidence. Dryden. Excrement. Ar- 
lndhnot. 
FE'CKLESS*, fek'-les. a. Spiritless ; feeble ; weak : 

perhaps a corruption of effectless. 
FE'CULENCE, fek'-u-lense. ) n. s. [ faeculentia, 
FE'CULENCY, fek'-u-len-se. ] Lat.] Muddiness; 
quality of abounding with lees or sediment. Lees j 
feces ; sediment ; dregs. Boyle. 
FE CULENT, fek'-u-lent. a. Foul ; dreggy ; excre 
mentitious. Spenser. 

48 



FE'CUND S, feV-und. [See Facund.] a. [fcecundas. 

Lat.] Fruitful ; prolifick. Graunt. 
FECUNl)A / 'l'10Nj'ek-kun-d;V-shun. n.s. The act 

of making fruitful or prolifick. Brown. 
To FECUTNDIFY, fe-kiV-de-fl. r. a. To make 

fruitful. Diet. 
FECU ND1TY, fe-kun'-de-te. n. s. Fruitfulnoss : 
quality of producing or bringing forth in great 
abundance. Woodward. Bower of producing or 
bringing forth. Kay. 
FED, fed. prist, and part. pass, of To feed. Pope. 
FE'DARY, fed'-ii-re. n.s. A confederate, a partner, 

or a dependant. Shakspeare. 
FEDERALS, fod'-er-al. a. [foedus, Lat.] Relating 

to a league or contract. Hammond. 
FE'DERARY, fed'-er-a-re. n.s. A confederate ; an 

accomplice. Shakspeare. 
FE DERATE, ied'-er-ate. 91. a. [foederalus, Lat.] 

Leagued ; joined in confederacy. 
FEDERATIVE*, fed'-er-a-tJv. a. Having power to 

make a league or contract. Burke. 
FEDERATION*, fed-er-a'-sbfin. n.s. A league. 

Burke. 
FETJITY*, f&d'-e-te'. «: s. [foeditas, Lat.] Baseness; 

turpitude ; inherent vileness. Bp. Hall. 
FEES, fee. 246. n. s. [peoh, Sax.] [In law.] All lands 
and tenements that are held by any acknowledge- 
ment of superiority to a higher lord. Cowel. Prop 
erty ; peculiar. Shak. Reward ; gratification ; rec 
ompense. Spenser. Payments occasionally claim 
ed by persons in office. Sliak. Reward paid to 
physicians or lawyers. Addison. Portion; pittance; 
share. Tusser. 
FEE-FARM, fee'-farm. n.s. [fee and /arm.] Tenure 
by which lands are held from a superiour lord. 
Varies. 
To FEE, fee. ». a. [fae, Su. Goth, reward.] To re- 
ward; to pay. South. To bribe; to hire. Shak. 
To keep in hire. Shakspeare. 
FE'EBLES, fe'-bl. 405. a. [foible, Fr.] Weak ; de- 
bilitated; sickly; infirm. 2 Chronicles, xxviii. 
To FE'EBLE, fe'-bl. v. a. To weaken ; to enfeeble. 

S}ienser. Ob. J. 
FE'EBLEMINDED, fe'-bl-mlnd'-ed. a. Weak of 
mind ; defective in resolution. 1 Tliessalonians, v. 
FF/EBLENESSjfe'-bl-nes. n.s. Weakness ; imbecil- 
ity; infirmity. South. 
FE r EBLY, ie'-ble. ad. Weakly; without strength 

Dryden. 
To FEED §, feed. 246. v. a. [fodan, Goth.] To sup- 
ply with food. Dryden. To supply; to furnish. 
Addison. To graze ; to consume by cattle. Morti- 
mer. To nourish ; to cherish. Prior. To keep in 
hope or expectation. Knolles. To delight ; to en- 
tertain. Bacon. To make fat. 
To FEED, feed. v. n. To take food. Shak. To prey; 
to live by eating. Sliak. To pasture ; to place cat- 
tle to feed. Exodus, xxii. To grow fat or plump. 
FEED, feed. n.s. Food; that which is eaten. Sidney. 

Pasture. Shak. Meal ; act of eating. Milton. 
FE EDER, feed'-ur. n. s. One that gives food. Gen. 
iv. An exciter ; an encourager. Shak. One that 
eats. Shakspeare. 
FE'EDING* feed'-ing. n. s. Pasture. Draijton. 
To FEELS, feel. pret. felt; part. pass. felt. v.n. [pe- 
lan, Sax.] To have, perception of things by the 
touch. Addison. To search by feeling. Acts, xvii. 
To have a quick sensibility of good or evil, right 
or wrong. Pope. To appear to the touch. Sharp. 
To FEEL, feel. 246. v. a. To perceive by the touch. 
Judges, xxvl To try ; to sound. Shak. To have 
perception of. Raleigh. To have sense of external 
pain or pleasure. Milton. To be affected by ; to 
perceive mentally. Shak. To know; to be ac- 
quainted with. Shakspeare. 
FEEL, feel. n. s. The sense of feeling ; the touch 

Sharp. 
FE'ELER, feeF-ur. n. s. One that feels. Shak. One 
that perceives mentally. Sir H. Wotton. The 
horns or antennae of insects. Derham. 
FE'ELING, feel' -kg. part. a. Expressive of great 
sensibility. Sidney. Sensibly felt. Shakspeare. 
377 



*"^WQPI|^H 



FEL 



FEL 



3~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n 



FE'ELING, feelMng. n.s. The sense of touch. Mil- 
ton. Power of action upon sensibility. Shak. Per- 
ception ; sensibility. Bacon. 
FEELINGLY, feel'-'fng-le. ad. With expression of 
great sensibility. Sidney. So as to be sensibly felt. 
Shakspeare. 
FEESE*. fees. n. s. A race. Ban-el. 
FEET$, feet. 24b'. n. s. The plural of foot, [pet, 

Sax.} Pope. 
FE'ETLESS, feel'-les. a. Being without feet. Cam- 
den. 
To FEIGNS, fane. 249. 385. v. a. [feigJier, old Fr.] 
To invent. Milton. To make a show of. Spenser. 
To do upon some false pretence. Pope. To dis- 
semble; to conceal. Spenser. 
To FEIGN, fane. v. n. To relate falsely ; to image 
from the invention. Shakspeare. 

FE'IGNEDLY, fiine'-ed-le. 3G4. ad. In fiction ; not 
truly. Jeremiah, iii. 

FE'IGNEDNESS*. fane'-ed-n^s. n.s. Fiction; de- 
ceit. Harmar. 

FEIGNER, fane'-ur. n.s. Inventer ; contriver of a 
fiction. B. Jonson. 

FE'IGNING*, fane'-ing. n.s. A false appearance ; 
an artful contrivance. B. Jonson. 

FEIGNINGLY*, fane'-Ing-le. ad. Craftily. Huloet. 

FEINT, rant. part. a. Counterfeit; seeming. Locke. 

FEINT, rant. 249. n. s. [feint, Fr.] A false appear- 
ance. Spectator. A mock assault. Prior. 

FE'LANDERS, feT-an-diirz. n.s. [fdandres, Fr.] 
Worms in hawks. Sir T. Brown. 

To FELl'CITATE$, fe-lis'-e-late. v. a. [felkito, 
Lat.] To make happy. Walts. To congratulate. 
Brown. 

FELI'CTTATE*, fe-hV-e-tate. part. a. Made happy. 
Sliaksv^are. 

FELICITA'TIQN, fe-lfs-e-ta'-shfin. ti.s. Congratu- 
lation. Diet. 

FELI'CITOUSS, fe-lls'-e-tus. a. [felicito, Lat.] 
Happy ; prosperous. Sir R. Naunton. 

FELICITOUSLY, fe-hV-e-t6s-le.«^. Happily. Did. 

FELFCITY, fe-hV-e-te. n. s. Happiness; prosperi- 
ty; blissfulness; blessedness. Spenser. 

FE'LINE, fe'-line. 140. a. [felinus, Lat.] Like a cat; 
pertaining to a cat. Grew. 

FELL§, fel. a. [pell, Sax.] Cruel ; barbarous; inhu- 
man. 'Fairfax. Savage ; ravenous; bloody. Pope. 

FELL*, fel. n.s. [pelle, Sax.] Anger ; melancholi- 
ness. Spenser. 

FELL, fel. n. s. [pell, Sax.] The skin; the hide. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

FELL*, fel. 7i. s. [fels, Germ.] A hill; a mountain. 
B. Jonson. A corruption of field. Drayton. 

To FELL, fel. v. a. [Jellen, Germ.] To knock down ; 
to bring to the ground. Shak. Milton. To hew 
down; to cut down. 2 Kings, iii. 

FELL, fel. The preterit of' To fall. 

FE'LLER, fel'-l&r. n.s. One that hews down. Isaiah, 

FELLITLUOUS Jel-Hf-flu-fis. 518. a. [fel and f no, 
Lat.] Flowing with gall. Diet. 

FE'LLMONGER. feF-mfing-gfir. 381. n.s. A dealer 
in hides. 

FE'LLNESS, fel'-nes. n. s. Cruelty; savageness; 
fury; rage. Spenser. 

FELLOE, iel'-l6. 296. n. s. [felge, Dutch.] The cir- 
cumference of a wheel. 1 Kings, vii. 

FE'LLON*, fel'-lfin. ». s. A sore. See Felon. 

FE'LLOW $, iel'-lo. 327. n. s. [pelap, Sax.] A com- 
panion ; one with whom we consort. Ascham. An 
associate ; one united in the same affair. Dnjden. 
One of the same kind. Waller. Equal ; peer. 
Sidney. One thing suited to another ; one of a 
pair. Addison. One like another : as, This knave 
hath not his felloiv. Shak. A familiar appellation, 
used sometimes with fondness, sometimes with es- 
teem. Shak. A word of contempt; mean wretch ; 
sorry rascal. Sidney. A member of a college, 
that shares its revenues, oi of any incorporated so- 
ciety. Baron. 

Jo FELLOW, fel'-le-. v. a. To suit with; to pair 
with; to maid.. Shakspeare, 



FELLOW-CITIZEN* fel-l6-s?t'-e-zn. n. s. One 

who belongs to the same city. Ephesians, ii. 

FELLOW-COMMONER, fcl-]6-k6m'-un-fir. n. s 

One who has the same right of common. Locke. A 

commoner at Cambridge of the higher order, who 

dines with the fellows. Dean Pridraux. 

FELLOW-COUNSELLOR*, fel-)6-k6un'-sel-lfir. 

n. s. A member of the same council of slate. Shale. 

FELLOW-CREATURE, fel-16-kreMshire. n. s. 

One that has the same Creator. Watts. 
FELLOW-HEIR, fel-16-are'. n. s. Coheir. Eph. iii. 
FELLOW-HELPER, fel-lo-heV-ur. n. s. Coadju- 
tor. 3 John. 
FELLOW-LABOURER, fel-l6-la'-bfir-fir. n.s. One 

j who labours in the same design. Dry den. 
FELLOW-MAIDEN*, fel-l6-nm'-du. n.s. A virgin 

I that bears another virgin companv. Shaksrcure. 

j FELLOW-MEMBER*, fel-lo-mem'-bfir. n.s. Mem 
ber of the same body. Whole Duty of Man. 

! FELLO W-M1N1STER*, fel-l6-m?n'-is-tur. n. s. One 

| who serves the same office. Shakspeare. 
FELLOW-PEER*, fel-lo-peer'. n. s. One who en- 
joys the same privileges of nobility. Shaksvcarc. 

I FELLOW-PRISONER*, fel-to-priz'-zn-flr. n. s 

j One confined in the same prison. Rom. xvi. 

j FELLOW-SCHOLAR*, fef-l6-sk6l'-lar. n.s. One 

I who studies in company with ethers. ShuJ,speare. 

! FELLOW-SERVANT, fel-]6-ser'-vant. n. s. One 

' that has the same master. Milton. 

! FELLOW-SOLDIER, fel-l6-s6l'-jfir. n. s. One who 

I fight? under the same commander. Phil. ii. 

FELLOW-STUDENT, fel-16-stiV-dent. n. s. One 

j who studies with another, in the same class. Waits, 

FELLOW-SUBJECT, feU6-sub'-jekt. n.s. One who 
lives under the same government. Swift. 

FELLOW-SUFFERER, fSl-16-sfiP -fir-fir. n.s. One 
who shares in the same evils. Addison. 

FELLOW-TRAVELLER*, fel-l6-trav'-el-lur. n. s 
One who travels in company with others. Sir T 
Herbert. 

FELLOW- WORKER*, fel-16-wfiiV-fir. n. s. One 
employed in the same design. Col. iv. 

FELLOW-WRITER, fel-l6-rl'-tfir. n. s. One who 
writes at the same time, or on the same subject. 
Addison. 

FELLOWFE'ELING, fel-l6-feel'-?ng. n. 5. Sympa- 
thy. L' Estrange. Combination; joint interest. Ar- 
huthnot. 

FE'LLOWLTKE, fel'-lo-llke 

FE'LLOWLY^el'-lc-le. 
companionable. Carew. 

FELLOWSHIP, fel'-l6-shlp. n.s. Companionship; 
consort ; society. Locke. Association ; confederacy. 
Hooker. Equality. Partnership ; joint interest. 
Milton. Company ; state of being together. Shak. 
Frequency of intercourse ; social pleasure. Bacon. 
Fitness and fondness for festal entertainments, With 
good prefixed. Clarendon. An establishment in 
the college, with share in its revenue. Swift. [In 
arithmetick.] That rule of plural proportion where- 
by we balance accounts, depending between divers 
persons, having put together a general stock. 
Cocker. 

FE'LLY, fel'-le. ad. Cruelly ; savagely j barbarous- 
ly. Spenser. 

FL'LLY* See Felloe. 

FE'LNESS*. See Fellness. 

FELO-DE-SE,fe-l6-de-se'. n.s. [In law.] He that com- 
mitteth felony by murdering himself, fftvely Oracles. 

FF/LQN§, fel'-un. 166. n.s. [flon ; Yr.] One who 
has committed a capital crime. Shak. A whitlow, 
a tumour formed between the bone and its invest- 
ing membrane. Wiseman. 

FELON, fel'-un. a. Cruel; traitorous; inhuman; 
fierce. Spenser. 

FELO NIOUS, fe-lo'-ne-fis. a. Wicked ; traitorous ; 
villanous; malignant. Wotton. 

FELO'NIOUSLY, fe-]6'-ne-fis-le. ad. In a felonious 
way. Bp. Hall. 

FE'LONOUS, feF-16-nfis. a. Wicked 5 felonious. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

FE'LONY, fel'-fin-e. n.s. [felonie, Fr.] A crime de 
378 



a. Like a compan- 
ion; on equal terms; 



FEN 



FER 



-116, move, n6r. not;— fc'ibo, trtb. bull ;— f)'l ;— pound ;— */iin, THis. 



nou nee d capital by the law ; an enormous crime. 
Shttkspeare, 
FELT. The preterit of Feel. 
FELT$, felt. n. s. [pel-, Sax.] Cloth made of wool 
united without weaving. Shak. A hide or skin. 
Mortim er. 
To FELT, felt. v. a. To unite without weaving-. Hale. 
FELT-MAKER*, felt'-ma-kur. n.s. One employed 

in making felt. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To PE'tfFRE, fel'-tur. v. a. To clot together like 

felt Fairfax. 
FELU'CCA, fe-lftk'-a. n.s. [Ital.] A small, open boat. 

with six oars. Addison. 
FE'MALE*, fe'-mate. n.s. [femelle, Fr.] Ashe; one 

of the sex which brings young. Gen. i. 
FEMALE, fe-nude. a." Not male. Milton. Not 
masculine; belonging to a she. Milton. — Female 
rhymes. Double rhymes so called, because, in 
French, from which the term is taken, they end in 
e weak or feminine. Dry den. 
FEME Coi-ert. it. s. [Fr.] A married woman. Blount. 
FEME 'Sole, fern. 7?. s. [Fr.] A single woman. 
FEMlNA'LITY.fem-e-nul'-e-te. n.s. [/ownina, Lat.] 

Female nature. Brown. 
FVMINATE* fem'-e-nate. a. Feminine. Ford. 
FEMININE, tem-e-nln. 150. a. Of the sex that 
bring young ; female. Cleareland. Soft ; tender ; 
delicate. Milton. Effeminate ; emasculated. Ra-^ 
leigh. Belonging" to women. Fuller. 
FEMININE, fem'-e-nla. n. s. A female. Milton. 
FEMIN IT Y*. fe-mfn'-e-te. n.s. Any quality or prop- 
erty of woman. Spenser. 
To FE MINIZE*, fem'-e-nlze. v. a. To make wo- 
manish. More. 
FE'MORAL,fem'-6-ral. a. [femoralis, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to the thigh. Sharp. 
FEN \\ fen. n.s. [penn, Sax.] A marsh ; low, and 

moist ground 3 a moor ; a bog. Abbot. 
FE'NBERRY, uV-ber-re. n.s. A kind of black- 
berry. Skinner. 
FEN-BORN*, fen'-bom. a. Produced or generated 

in fens. Milttm. 
FEN-CRESS*, f&i'-krfs. n. s. [pen-cepj-e, Sax.] 

Cress growing in fens. 
FEN-CRICKET, fen'-krik-et. n. s. An insect that 

digs itself holes in the ground. 
FEN-DUCK*, fen'-duk. ri*s. A sort of wild duck. 

Sherwood. 
FEN-FOWL*, fenMoul. n. s. [pen-pu^el, Sax.] 

AriV lowl inhabiting marshes. 
FEN-LAND*, feV-ldnd. n.s. Marshy land. 
FENCE;, fense. n. s. [fendo, Lat.] Guard ; security; 
outwork ; defence. Locke. Enclosure ; mound ; 
hedge. Dryden. The art of fencing; delenee. 
Shdcspeare. Skill in defence. Shakspeare. 
To FENCE, fense. v. a. To enclose; lo secure "by 
an enclosure or hedge. Fairfax. To guard ; lo 
fortify. Milton. 
To FENCE, fense. v. n. To practise the aitsof man- 
ual defence. Locke. To guard against; to act on 
the defensive. Locke. To fight according lo art. 
Shakspeare. 
FENCE-MONTH*, tense' -mQnth. n. s. The month in 
which il is prohibited to hunt in any forest. Bullokar. 
FE'NCEFUL*, fense'-ful. a. Affording defence. 

Confrere. 
FE'NCELESS, fense'-les. a. Without enclosure ; 

open. Milton. 
FE NCER, feV-sur. n. s. One who teaches or prac- 
tises the use of weapons. Herbert. 
FE NCIBLE,feV-se-bl. a. Capable of defence. Spen- 
ser. 
FE'NCIBLES*. fen'-se-blz. n.s. Such regiments as 
have been raised either expressly for the defence 
of our own country, or for a limited service. 
FE'NCING* fen'-snig. n. s. The art of fencing. Ar- 

buthnot. 
FE NCINGMASTER. feV-s?ng-ma-slur. n. s. One 
who teaches the science of defence, or the use of 
weapons. Lord Herbert. 
FENCING-SCHOOL, ien'-s?ng-sk66l. n.s. A place 
in which the use of weapons is taught. Locke. 



To FEND $, fend. v. a. [fendo, Lat.] To keep off; 

to shut out. Dryden. 
To FEND, fend. v.n. To dispute; to shift off* a 

charge. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FENDER, fen -dor. n. s. An iron plate laid before 
the tire to hinder coals that fall from rolling for- 
ward to the floor. Any thing laid or hung'at the 
side of a ship to keep off* violence. 
To FE'NERATE$*. fen'-er-ate. v.n. [fa-neror, 

I. at. I To put money to usury. Cockeram. 
FENERATION, fen-er-a'-sli&n. n.s. Usury; the 

gain of interest. Brown. 
FENE'STRAL*, fe-nes'-tral. a. [feneslralis, Lat.] 

Belonging to windows. Bp. Nicholson. 
FENNEL*), fen'-nel. 99. n.s. [penol, Sax.] A plant 

of strong scent. Mi/ton. 
FE NNELFLOWER, fiV-nel-fWi-ur. n.s. A plant 
FE'NNELGIANT, fen'-nel-jl-ant. n.s. A plant. 
FE'NNY, fen'-ne. a. [petmi£, Sax.] Marshy; bog- 
gy ; moorish. Moxon. Inhabiting the marsh. Shak. 
FE'NNYSTONES, feV-ne-st6nz. 7i.s. A plant. 
FE NOWED*. fen'-6(!e. a. [pyni^ean, Sax.] Cor 

rupted ; decayed. Dr. Favour. 
FE'NSUCKED", fen'-siikt. a. Sucked cut of marshes 

Shakspeare. 
FE'NUGREEK, fen'-u-greek. n.s. [penoSjiecum, 

Sax.] A plant. Bullokar. 
FEOD§, fide, n. s. [feodum, low Lat.] Fee; tenure. 

Did. 
FE'ODAL.fiV-dal. a. [feodal, Fr.] Held from another. 

Belonging to a ieod or tenure. Burke. 
FEODA'LITY*, fi-dal'-e-te. n.s. The possession of, 
or seigniory over, divers fiefs ; feudal tenure ; feu- 
dal law. Burke. 
FE'ODARY, fiV-da-re. n. s. An officer appointed by 
the court of wards to be assistant lo the escheators 
in every county at the finding of officers, and to 
give in evidence for the king. 
FE'ODATARY* fiV-da-ta-re. n. s. A tenant who 
holds his estate by feudal service. See Feudato 
ry. 
FE'ODATORY*, fiV-dd-tur-e. a. Holding from an- 
other bv some conditional tenure. Bacon. 
To FE'OFF$, \K 256. v. a. [feoffer, old Fr.] To put 

in possession ; to invest with right. Bp. Hall. 
£c5= I had always supposed, that the diphthong in this 
word, and its compound enfeoff, was pronounced Jika 
the long open e ; but, upon inquiry into its actual pro- 
nunciation by the gentlemen of the law, found I had 
been in an errour ; and, though Mr. Sheridan and Mr. 
Scott mark feoff with the short e, they are in the same 
errour respecting enfeoff, which they mark with the 
long e. Dr. Kenrick anil Mr. Barclay are under the 
same mistake in feoff, by pronouncing the diphthong 
long ; and Mr. Mares is wrong also in pronouncing en- 
feoff in the same manner. Mr. Perry is the only one 
who is right in. pronouncing the diphthong short in 
both. So much, however, had my ear been used to the- 
long sound of this diphthong, that it escaped me in the 
words enfeoff and enfeoffment ; which, to be consist- 
ent, I ought certainly to have marked with the short 
sound, as in feo/f and feoffee. W. 
FE'OFF*, {K n.s. A fief. Fuller. 
FEOFFE'E, fef -fee. [tit-tee*, Perry.] n.s. One put 



in possession. i>prnser. 



One who gives posses 
n. s. The act of grant- 



FE'OFFER, fu- 
sion of any thing. Huloet. 

FEOFFMENT, fef-ment. 
ing possession. Cowel. 

FERA'C10US§*, fe-ra'-shus. a. [ferax. Lat.] Fer- 
tile; fruitful. 

FERA'CITY, fe-ras'-e-te. n.s. Fruitfulness ; fertili- 
ty. Diet. 

FF/RAL,fe'-ral. a. [feralis, Lat.] Funereal; dead- 
ly. Burton. 

FERE*, fere. n.s. [pepa, Sax.] A companion , 
a mate; an equal. Chaucer. 

FE'RETORY*, ftV-e-tiir-e. n.s. [feretrum, Lat.] 
A place in churches where the bier is set. Keepe. 

FE'RlAL$* f fe'-r£-al. a. [ferialis, Lat.] Respecting 
the common days of the week; sometimes, holy 

Idavs. Gregoru. 
FERIA'TlON.'fe-re-a'-shun. 534. n.s. The act of 
keeping holyday. Brown. 



FER 



FET 



[LT559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— mi, m£t;— pine, pin;— 



FE RIE*, fe'-re. n.s. Any day of the week not kept, 

holy. Dance of Machabree. 
FE'RINE$, fe'-rlne. 140. a. [ferinus, L at.] Wild; 

savage. Hale. 
FERI'NENESS, fe-rlne'-nes. n. s. Barbarity ; sav- 
ageness ; wildness. Hale. 
FERITY, fer'-e-te. n. s. Barbarity ; cruelty ; wild- 
ness; savageness. Pearson. 
To FERK*. See To Firk. 
FERM* ferm. n.s. [peonm, Sax.] Rent; farm. 

Chalmers. Lodging-house. Spenser. 
To FERME'NT $, fer-ment'. v. a. [fermento, Lat.] 
To exalt or rarefy by intestine motion of parts. Pope. 
To FERME'NT/ftlr-ment 7 . v.n. To have the parts 

put into intestine motion. Neile. 
FE'RMENT, fer'-ment. 492. n.s. That which causes 
intestine motion. Floyer. Intestine motion ; tumult. 
Rogers. 
FERMENTABLE, fer-ment'-a-bl. a. Capable of 

fermentation. 
FERME'NTAL, fer-ment'-al. a. Having the power 

to cause fermentation. Brown. 
FERMENT A'TION, fSr-men-ta'-shun. n.s. [fermen- 
talio, Lat.] A slow motion of the intestine particles 
of a mixt body, arising usually from the operation 
of some active acid matter, which rarefies, exalts, 
and subtilizes the soft and sulphureous particles ; 
as when leaven or yest rarefies, lightens, and fer- 
ments bread or wort. Boyle. 
FERMENTATIVE, fer-men'-ta-tlv. a. Causing fer- 
mentation. Arbuthnot. 
FERME'NTATIVENESS*, fer-men'-ta-tlv-nSs. 

n.s. Capability of fermenting. Dr. Tyson. 
FE'RMILLET*, fer'-mll-let. n.s. [femwiillet, old 

Fr.] A buckle or clasp. 
FERNf. fern. n.s. [peapn, Sax.] A plant. Hill. 
FE'RNY, fern'-e. a. Overgrown with fern. Barret. 
FEROCIOUS §, fe-ro'-shfis. 357. a. [ferox, Lat./e- 
roce, Fr.] Savage ; fierce. Pope. Ravenous ; ra- 
pacious. Brown. 
FEROCIOUSLY*, fe-r6'-shus-le. ad. In a savage 

manner. 
FEROCIOUSNESS*, fe-ro'-shfis-nSs. n. s. Fierce- 
ness ; savageness. 
FEROCITY, fe-rSs'-e-te. n. s. Savageness ; wild- 
ness ; fierceness. Addison. 
FE'RREOUS, feV -re-fts. a. [ferreus, Lat.] Irony ; 

of iron. Brown. 

FF/RRET $, fiV-rit. 99. n. s. [ferret, Dutch.] A kind 

of rat with red eyes and a long snout, used to catch 

rabbits. Sidney. A kind of narrow woollen tape. 

To FE'RRET, fer'-rft. 99. v. a. To drive out of 

lurking places. Heylin. 
FERRETER, fiV-rft-ur. n.s. One that hunts an- 
other in his privacies. Sherwood. 
FE'RRIAGE, fer'-re-fdje. 90. n. s. [feriage, old 

Fr.] The fare paid at a ferry. Sherioood. 
FERRUGI'NEOUS^fer-ru-jm'-e-us. > a. [ferrugin- 
FERRUGINOUS, fer-nV-jm-us. ) eus, Lat.] 
Partaking of particles and qualities of iron. John- 
son. Ray. 
FE'RRULE, fer'-ril. n. s. [virole, or verrel, old Fr.] 
An iron ring put round any thing to keep it from 
cracking. Kay. 
To FE'RRY $, fer'-re. v. a. [pajian, Sax.] To carry 

over in a boat. Spenser. 
To FE'RRY, fer'-re. v. n. To pass over water in a 

vessel of carriage. 
FE'RRY, fer'-re. )n.s. A vessel of 

FE'RRY-BOAT, fiV-re-b6te. $ carriage. Shak. 
The passage over which the ferry-boat passes. 
Wyndham. 
FE'RRYMAN, fer'-re-man. 88. n. s. One who keeps 
a ferry ; one who, for hire, transports goods and 
passengers over the water. Shakspeare. 
FERTH or Forth. Common terminations, the same 
as in English, an army; coming from the Saxon 
word pyp8. Gibson. 
FE'RTILE §, fer'-tll. 140. a. [fertilis, Lat.] Fruit- 
ful; abundant; plenteous. Locke. 
FE'RTILENESS, feV-dl-nes. n. s. Fruitful ness ; fe- 
cundity. Sidney. 



To FERTFLITATE, fer-tll'-e-tate. v.a. To fecun- 
date ; to fertilize. Brown. Ob. J. 
FERTFL1TY, fer-til'-e-te. n.s. Fecundity ; aDun- 

dance ; fruitfulness. Raleigh. 
To FERT1LFZE, fer'-tll-llze. v.a. To make fruitful : 

to make productive. Boyle. 
FE'RTILY, fi¥-t?l-e. ad. Fruitfully; plenteously, 
abundantly. Slierwood. [Properly ferti lely Wi\ 
FERULA §, fer'-u-la. n.s. [ferule, Fr.] An instru- 
ment of correction, with which young scholars are 
beaten on the hand. Shaw 
FF/RULAR*, fer'-u-lar. 7i.s. The ferule, or instru- 
ment of correction. Hartlib. 
FE'RULE*, fer'-ule. n.s. The more proper word for 

ferula. Bp. Hall. 
7bFE'RULE, fer'-'ile. v.a. To chastise with the 

ferula. 
FE'RVENCY§, fer'-ven-se. n. s. [fervens, Lat.] 
Heat of mind ; ardour ; eagerness. Shak. Pious 
ardour ; zeal. Hooker. 
FE'RVENT, fer'-vent. a. Hot; boiling. Wotton. 
Hot in temper; vehement. Hooker. Ardent in 
piety ; warm in zeal. Acts, xviii. Ardent in love. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FE'RVENTLY, fer'-vent-le. ad. In a burning degree. 
Hakewill. Eagerly ; vehemently. Sir T. hlyot. 
With pious ardour. Col. iv. 
FE'RVENTNESS*, fer'-vent-nes. n.s. Ardour; 

zeal. Bale. 
FE'RVTDS, feV-v?d. a. [fervidus, Lat.] Hot; burn- 
ing ; boiling. Milton. Vehement ; eager ; zealous. 
FERVFDITY, fer-vid'-e-te. n. *. Heat ; zeal ; pas- 
sion; ardour. Diet. 
FE'RVIDNESS, feV-vfd-nes. n.s. Ardour of mind ; 

zeal ; passion. Bentley. 
FE'RVOUR.fer'-vur.SM. n.s. [fervor, Lat.] Heat ; 
warmthl Brown. Heat of mind ; zeal. Hooker. 
Ardour of piety. Addison. 
FE'SCENNINE*, fes'-sen-nlne. n.s. [from Fescemna, 
in Tuscany, where licentious and wanton verses 
were sung at weddings.] A licentious poem. Burton. 
FE'SCENNINE*, fes'-sen-nlne. a. Licentious; wan- 
ton. Kennel. 
FE'SCUE, fes'-ku. n. s. [festu, Fr.] A small wire by 
which those who teach to read point out the letters. 
Holder. 
FE'SELS, fes'-selz. n.s. [faziols, Fr.] A kind of 

base grain. May. 
FESSE, fes. «. s. The fesse is so called of the Latin 
word fascia, a band or girdle, possessing the third 
part of the escutcheon over the middle. Peacham. 
FE'STAL*, fes'-tal. a. [festal, old Fr.] Respecting 

feasts ; befitting a feast. Collins. 
To FE'STER, fes'-tur. v. n. To rankle ; to corrupt ; 

to grow virulent. Sidney. 
FE'STINATEi, fes'-te-nate. a. [festinatus, Lat.] 

Hasty ; hurried. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 
FE'STiNATELY^es'-te-nate-le.aft'. Hastily. Shak. 
FESTINA'TION, fes-te-na'-shun. n. s. Haste. 

Brown. 
FE'STIVAL §,feV-te-val. a. [festivus, Lat.] Pertain- 
ing to feasts ; joyous. Atterbury. 
FE'STIVAL, fes'-te-val. n.s. Time of feast ; anni- 
versary-day of civil or religious joy. Milton. 
FE'STIVE, fes'-t?v. 140. a. [festivus, Lat.] Joy- 
ous ; gay ; befitting a feast. Thomson. 
FESTF VITY, fes-tlv 7 -e-te. n. s. Festival ; time of 
rejoicing. Brown. Gayety ; joyfulness. Bp. Tay' 
lor. 
FESTO ON, fes-toSn'. n. s. [feston., Fr.] An orna- 
ment of carved work in the form of a wreath or 
garland of flowers, or leaves twisted together, 
thickest at the middle, and suspended by the two 
extremes, whence it hangs down perpendicular- 
ly. Harris. 
FE'STUCINE, fes'-tu-sfn. 140. a. [festuca, Lat.] 
Straw-colour, between green and yellow. Brown. 
FESTU'COUS, fes-ta'-kus. a. Formed of straw. 

Brown. 
To FET, fet. v. a. To fetch. Tusser. To come to : 

to arrive at. Sackvilk. 
FET, fit. n. s. [fait, Fr.] A piece. Drayton. Ob. J 
3&, 



FEU 



FIC 



-nb, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tflb, ball ; — ftll ;— pound j — </iin, THis. 



To FETCH $, #tsh. v. a. preter. fetched, [peecan, 
pefctan, Sax.] To go and bring. Shak. To de- 
rive ; to draw. Shak. To strike at a distance. 
Bacon. To bring- to any state by some powerful 
operation. Bacon. To draw within any confine- 
ment or prohibition. Sanderson. To produce by 
some kind of force. Milton. To perform. Shak. 
To perform with suddenness or violence. Shak. 
To perform without suddenness or violence. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. To reach ; to arrive at. Milton. 
To obtain as its price. Locke. 

To FETCH, fetsh. v.n. To move with a quick re- 
turn. SlutJcspeare. 

FETCH, fetsh. n.s. [pacen, Sax.] A stratagem by 
which any thing is indirectly performed ; a trick; 
an artifice. Stillingjleet. 

FETCHER, feW-ftr. n.s. One that fetches any 
thing. Huloet. 

FE'TIIH tet'-id. 296. [See Fetus.] [fet'-fd, Sheri- 
dnn and Jones : fe'-tla, Perry.] a. [fcetidus, Lat.] 
Stinking; rancid; having a smell strong and offen- 
sive. Bacon. 

FETIDNESS, fet'-id-ngs. n. s. The quality of stink- 
ing. 

FETLOCK, fet'-lok. n.s. [feet and lock.] ^ A tuft 
of hair that grows behind the pastern joint of 
fflatlt horses. Farrier's Diet. 

FETOR, fe'-tfir. n.s. [fcetor, Lat.] A stink; a 
stench; a strong and offensive smell. Brown. 

FETTER §, fet'-tilr. n. s. It is commonly used in the 
plural, fetters, [from feet ; pefcfcepe, Sax.] Chains 
for the feet. Ecclus. xxi. 

2"o FETTER, feV-tur. v. a. To bind; to enchain; 
to shackle ; to tie. Sidney. 

FETTERLESS*, feV-tur-les. a. Free from restraint. 
Marston. 

To FETTLE, feV-tl. 405. v.n. To do trifling busi- 
ness. Bp. Hall. 

FETUS, fe'-tus. 296, 489. n. s. [foetus, Lat.] Any 
animal in embryo ; any thing yet in the womb. 
Boyle. 

$3= Whence can arise the different quantity of the e in 
fetus and fetid ? Till a better reason appear, let us 
suppose the following: fetus, except the diphthong, re- 
tains its Latin form, and therefore is naturally pro- 
nounced with its first syllable long : fetid is angli- 
cised ; and, as most of these anglicised words of 
two syllables are derived from Latin words of three, 
where the first, be it short or long, is in our English- 
Latin pronounced short, the same syllable in the Eng- 
lish words is generally short likewise. This has estab- 
lished something like a rule ; and this rule has shorten- 
ed the first syllable of fetid, though long in the Latin 
fcetidus.— See Drama. W. 

FEU*, fu. n. s. [peoh, Sax.] A fee, or feudal 

tenure. 
FEU DE JO/£*,fu / -de-zwa / . [Fr.] A bonfire; a 

firing of guns on any joyful occasion. Brand. 
FEUD, fide. 264. n. s. [paehS, Sax.] Quarrel; con- 
tention; opposition; war. Addison. 
FEUD§*, rade. n.s. [feude, old Fr.] A conditional 

allotment of land. Blackstone. See Feod. 
FEU DAL, ftV-dal. a. [feudalis, low Lat.] Pertain- 
ing to fees, feus, or tenures, by which lands are 

held of a superiour lord. Hale. 
FEU'DAL, ftV-da.1. n. s. A dependance ; something 

held by tenure. 
FEUDALISM*, fiV-dal-lzm. n.s. The feudal system. 
FEUDALITY*, fii-dal'-e-te. n. s. The state of a 

chief lord; feodality. Cotgrave. 
FEU'DARY* fiV-da-re. a. Holding tenure under a 

superiour lord. Milton. 
FEUTJATARY, fiY-da-tar-e. n. s. One who holds 

not in chief, but by some conditional tenure from a 

superiour. Warton. 
FEU'DATORY*. See Feodatory. 
FEU'DIST*, fiV-dist. n. s. One learned in the law 

of feuds or fees. Selden. 
FEU' ILL AGE, ful'-laje. n.s. [Fr.] A bunch or 

row of leaves. Jervas. 
FEUILLEMORT, fiV-il-mdrt. n.s. [Fr.] The 

colour of a faded leaf, corrupted commonly to phil- 

emot Ixxkei 



To FEUTER*, nV-tfir. v. a. [feutrer, old Fr.] To 

make ready. Spenser. 
FEUTERER, fu'-tdr-ar. n.s. [vautrier, Fr.] A 

dogkeeper. Massinger. 

FE'VER $, fe'-vur. r.. s. [pepep, Sax.] A disease in 
which the body is violently heated, and the pulse 
quickened, or in which heat and cold prevail by 
turns. Locke. 

To FE'VER, fe'-vur. v. a. To put into a fever. Shafi. 

FE'VER-COOLING^fe'-vur-k&ol'-lng. a. Allaying 
the heat of fever. Tliomson. 

FEVER-SICK*, fe'-vfir-sik. a. Diseased with a fe- 
ver. Peek. 

FEVER-WEAKENED* fe'-vur-week'-knd. a. De- 
bilitated by fever. 

FE'VERET, fe'-v&r-et. n. s. A slight fever ; febrie- 
ula. Ayliffe. 

FEVERFEW, fe'-vfir-fu. n. s. [pepepputfe, Sax.] 
A plant. Miller. 

FE'VERISH, fe'-vur-ish. a. Diseased with a feveT 
Arbuthnot. Tending to a fever. Svrift. Uncer- 
tain ; inconstant ; now hot, now cold. Dryden. 
Hot ; burning. Dryden. 

FE'VERISHNESS, fe'-vfir-ish-nes. n.s. A slight 
disorder of the feverish kind. Mental restlessness. 
Lord Shaftesbury. 

FE'VEROUS, fe'-vur-fis.a. [fievereux-se, Fr.} Trou- 
bled with a fever or ague. Shak. Having the 
nature of a fever. Milton. Having a tendency to 
produce fevers. Bacon. 

FE'VEROUSLY*, fe'-vur-us-le. ad. In a feverish 
manner. Donne. 

FE'VERY, fe'-vur-e. a. Diseased with a fever. B. 
Jonson. 

FEW §, fu. a. [pea, peapa, Sax J Not many ; not 
in a great number. Jer. xliii. Sometimes ellipti- 
cally ; not many words. Hooker. 

FE'WEL, fiV-il. 99. n. s. [feu, Fr.} Combustible 
matter ; as, firewood, coal. Hookei-. 

To FE'WEL, fiV-il. v. a. To feed with fewel. Cmo- 
ley. 

FE'WMET*. See Fumet. 

FE'WNESS, fiV-nes. n.s. Paucity; smallness of 
number. Levit. xxv. Paucity of words j brevity. 
Shakspeare. 

To FEY, fa. v.a. [veghen, Dutch.] To cleanse a 
ditch of mud. Tusser. 

To FFANCE*, fl'-anse. v. a. [f oncer, Fr.] To affi- 
ance ; to betroth. Harmar. 

FI'AT*, fl'-at. n.s. [Lat.] An order; a decree 
Bentley. 

FIB §. fib. n. s. A lie; a falsehood. Pope. 

To FIB, fib. v. n. To lie ; to tell lies. Arbuthnot, 

FFBBER, fib'-bur. n.s. A teller of fibs. Sherwood. 

FI'BRE§, fl'-bur. 416. n.s. [fibra, Lat.} A small 
thread or string} the first constituent parts of 
bodies. Pope. 

FFBRIL, f l'-brfl. n. s. [fbrille, Fr.] A small fibre o,- 
string. Cheyne. 

FFBROUS, f i'-brfis. 314. a. Composed of fibres os 
stamina. Bacon. 

FIB ULA, fib'-u-la. n. s. [Lat.] The outer and less 
er bone of the leg, much smaller than the tibia 
Quincy. 

FFCKLE $, fik'-kl. 405. a. [picelian,Sax.] Change 
able ; inconstant ; irresolute ; wavering ;. unsteady, 
Shak. Not fixed ; subject to vicissitude. Milton, 

FFCKLENESS, fik'-kl-nes. n. s. Inconstancy - r *n- 
certainty; unsteadiness. Sidney. 

FFCKLY, flk'-kl-le. ad. Without certainty or sta- 
bility. Southern. 

FICO, fl'-k6. n. s. [Ital.] An act of contempt done 
with the fingers, expressing a fig for you. Cocrew. 

FFCTILE, fik'-tfl. 140. a. [fctilis, Lat.] Moulded 
into form ; manufactured by the potter. Bxcon. 

FICTION, f ik'-shfin n. s. [fktio, Lat.] The act of 
feigning or inventing. Stillingjleet The thing feign- 
ed or invented. Raleigh. A falsehood ; a he. 

FI'CTIOUS, fik'-shfis. 292. a. Fictitious ; imagina- 
ry; invented. Daniel. 

FICTITIOUS §, flk-tish'-fis. a. [fictitius, Lat.] 
Counterfeit ; false ; not genuine. Dryden. Feign- 
381 



FIE 



FIG 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— mi, met;— pine, pii>;- 



ed; imaginary. Pope. Not real ; not true; alle- 
gorieal. Addison. 
FICTITIOUSLY, flk-tish'-fls-lkatf. Falsely ; coun- 

lerfeilly. B'-own. 
FICTFTlOUSNESS*, flk-t?sh'-fis-n&». n. s. Feign- 
ed representation. Johnson. 
FFCTIVE^.fik'-tiiv. a. Feigned; imaginary. Dray- 
ton. 
FID, fid. n. s. [fitta, Ital.] A pointed iron with which 

seamen untwist their cords. Skinner. 
FFDDLEy, fld'-dl. n.s. [piSel, Sax.] A stringed 

instrument of musick ; a violin. Slillingjleet. 
To FI'DDLE, fld'-dl. 405. v. n. To play upon a fid- 
dle. Bacon, To trifle; to shift the 'hands often, 
and do nothing. Arbuthnot. 
FFDDLEFADDLE, fkl'-dl-fad'-dl. n. s. A cant 

word ; trifies. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FFDDLEFADDLE, fld'-dl-f ad'-dl. a. Trifling ; giv- 
ing- trouble about nothing. Arbuthnot. 
FFDDLER, f?d'-dl-ur. n. s. One that plays upon the 

fiddle. Bp. Taylor. 
FFDDLESTICK, ffd'-dl-stlk. n. s. The bow which 
a fiddler draws over the strings of a fiddle. Hudi- 
bras. 
FIDDLESTRING, fid'-dl-strmg. n.s. The string 

of a fiddle. Arbuthnot. 

FIDELITY, fe-del'-e-te. 126. n. s. [Jidelitas, Lat.] 

Honesty; veracity. Hooker. Faithful adherence. 

Clarke. 

To FIDGE §, fldje. ) v. n. [fika, Su. Goth.] 

To FIDGET y, fldj'-?t. 99. $ To move nimbly, and 

irregularly. Breton. 
FFDGET**, fidj'-ft. n. s. Restless agitation. Gray. 
FFDGETY*. fidj'-It-e. a. Restless; impatient. 
FIDUCIAL y, fe-diV-shal. 126, 357. a. [fiducia, Lat.] 

Confident ; undoubling: Bp. Hall. 
§Cf For the impropriety of pronouncing the second sylla- 
ble of* this and the two [three] following words, as if 
written /'oo, as Mr. Sheridan has marked them, see 
Principles, No. 376 and 47'2. W. 
FIDU'CIALLY*, fe-diV-shal-le. a. Undoubtingly ; 

confidently. South. 
FIDUCIARY, fe-diV-she-a-re. n. s. One who holds 
any thing in trust. One who depends on faith with- 
out works. Havimond. 
FIDUCIARY, fe-dtV-she-a-re. a. Confident ; steady; 
undoubling. Wake. Not. to be doubted. Howell. 
Held in trust. Sjjelman. 
FIE*, fi. inlerj. See Fv. A word of blame or indigf 

nation. 
FIEF y, feef. n. s. [Fr.] A fee ; a manor ; a possession 

held by some tenure of a superiour. Arbuthnot. 
FIELD), feeld. 275. n. s. [pelb, Sax.] Ground not 
inhabited, not b'lilt on. Gen. ii. Ground not en- 
closed. Mortimer. Cultivated tract of ground. 
Pope. The open country. Shak. Thegionndof 
battle. Locke. A battle ; a campaign ; the action 
of an army while it keeps the field. Shak. A wide 
expanse. Dryden. Space ; compass ; extent. Ad- 
dison. The ground or blank space on which 
figures are drawn. Dryden. [In heraldry.] The 
surface of a shield. Dryden. 
FFELDED, feel'-ded. a. Being in the field of battle. 

Shakspeare. 
FIELD-BASIL, feeld'-baz-il. n. s. [field and basil.] 

A plant. 
FIELD-BED, feeld'-bed. n. s. A bed contrived to be 

set up in the field. Shakspeare. 
FFEL DFARE, fel'-fare. 515. n. s. [pelb and papan, 

Sax.] A bird. Bacon. 
FFELDMARSHAL, feeld-mar'-shal. n. s. Com- 
mander of an army in a field; the officer of high- 
est military rank in England. 
FIELD-MOUSE, feeld'-mduse. n. s. A mouse that 

burrows in banks. Mortimer. 
FFELDOFFICER, feeld-6P-fe-sfir. n. s. An officer 
whose command in the field extends to a whole 
regiment; as, the colonel, lieutenant-colonel, and 
major. 
FI'ELDPIECE, feeld'-peese. n. s. Small cannon used 



in battles, but no' in sieges. Knolles. 
FIELD-PREACHER*, feeld'-pretsh'-fi-. n. 



One 



who preaches in a field or open place. Bp. Lav- 

i/igton. 
FIELD-PREACHING*, feeld'-pretsh'-lng. n. s. The 

act of pronouncing an harangue in a field or open 

place. Warburton. 
FFELDROOM*, feeld'-rOOm. n. s. Unobstructed 

room ; open space. Drayton. 
FI'ELDSPORTS*, feeld'-sp6rts. n. s. Diversions of 

shooting and hunting. Ld. Cliester field. 
FFELDY*, feeF-de. «. Open like a field. Wicliffe 
I FIENDS, feend. 275. n.s. [pienb, Sax.] An enemy , 

the great enemy of mankind ; the devil. Wiclijje. 
i Any infernal being. B. Jonson. 
FI'ENDFUL*, feend'-ful. a. Full of evil or devilish 

practices. Marlowe. 
FFENDLIKE*, leendMlke. a. Resembling a fiend ; 

extremely wicked. Warton. 
FIERCE y, feerse, or f£rse. [feerse, Perry and Jones ; 

ferse, Sheridan.'] a. [fier, Fr.] Savage; ravenous; 

easily enraged. Job, x. Vehement in rage ; eager 

of mischief. Pope. Violent; outrageous. Gen. 

xlix. Passionate ; angry ; furious. Locke. Strong ; 

forcible. James, iii. 

$gT" The first mode of pronouncing this word is the most 
general ; the second is heard chiefly on the stage. Ac- 
tors, who have such continual occasion to express the 
passions, feel a propriety in giving a short vowel sound 
to a word denoting a rapid and violent emotion; and 
therefore, though this pronunciation may be said to be 
grammatically improper, it is philosophically right. — 
See Cheerful. W. 

FFERCELY, feerseMe, or ferse'-le. ad. Violently; 

furiously. Bacon. 
FIERCEMFNDED*, feerse'-mmd-ed. a. Vehement 
in rage; eager of mischief. 2 Mace. vi. 18. Bp. 
Wilsons Bible. 

FFERCENESS^eerse'-n&.orferse'-nes. n.s. Fe- 
rocity ; savageness. Swift. Eagerness for blood ; 
fury. Sidney. Quickness to attack ; keenness in 
anger and resentment. Shak. Violence ; outrage- 
ous passion. Dryden. Vehemence ; hasty force. 

FIERIFA'CIAS, fi-e-re-fa'-sh&s. 88. n.s. [In law.] 
A judicial writ for him that has recovered in an 
action of debt or damages, to the sheriff*, to com- 
mand him to levy the debt, or the damages. 
Cowel. 

FFERINESS, fi'-er-e-nes. n.s. Hot qualities; heal; 
acrimony. Boyle. Heat of temper; intellectual 
ardour. Addison. 

FFERYy, fl'-er-e. a. [from fire.] Consisting of fire. 
Spenser. Hot like fire. Shak. Vehement ; ardent ; 
active. Shak. Passionate; outrageous; easily 
provoked. Taller. Unrestrained ; fierce. Shak. 
Heated by fire. Hooker. Glaring like fire. Sir 
T. Elyot. 

FIFES, fife. n. s. [fifire, Fr.] A pipe blown to the 
drum. Shakspeare. 

FFFER*, fl'-ffir. n. s. One who plays on the fife. 

FFFTEEN, fif -teen. a. [pypcyne, Sax.] Five and 
ten. Shaksjieare. 

FFFTEENTH, f)f-teen^. a. [pipteoSa, Sax.] 
The ordinal of fifteen; the fifth after the tenth. 
Bacon. 

FIFTH y, fifth, a. [pipfca, Sax.] The ordinal of five; 
the next to the fourth. Dryden. All the ordinals 
are taken elliptically for the part which they ex- 
press : a. fifth, a fifth part; a third, a third part. 
Swift. 

FIFTHLY, flft/i'-le. ud. In the fifth place. Bacon. 

FIFTIETH, flf-tc-M. 279. a. The ordinal of fifty. 
Newton. 

FFFTY, fiF-te. a. [pipfcitf , Sax.] Five tens. Locke, 

FIG y, fig. n.s. [ ficus, Lat.] A tree that bears figs. 
Pope. The fruit of the fig-tree. Bacon. — A fig for 
you. See Fico. 

To FIG, {i$. v. a. To insult with ficoes or contempt- 
uous motions of the fingers. Shak. To put some- 
thing useless into one's head. L 'Estrange. 

To FIG*, fig. v. n. [fika, Su. Goth.] To move sud- 
denly or quickly. Sylvester. 

FIGA'RY*, fe-ga/-re. n.s. [a corruption of vagary.] 
A frolick ; a wild project. M. Geddes. 



FIG 



FIL 



— 116, move, nor, not ;— n'.be. tub, bull ;— 61 1 ;— p6imd ;— thin, ru\ 



FIG APPLE, tig-ap-pl. 405. 71.5. A fruit. AW<- 
mer. 

FIG-GNAT. rV-nat. ». 5. An insect of tlie fly kind. 
To FIGHT}, lite. p. >i. preter. fought ; part. pass. 
iftfuglrt. [peohran. Sax.) T" contend in battle ; 
to war; to make war; to battle; to contend in 
arms. S'lak. To combat ; to duel ; to contend in 
single fight. 2 Esdr. xiii. To act as a soldier in 
any case. Shak. To contend. Sandys. 

To FIGHT; fite. v. a. To war against; to combat 
against. Dnjden. 

iT.flle. ?i.s. Battle. Milton. Combat 5 duel. 
Dnjden. Something lo screen the combatants in 
ships. Dnjden. 

FI'GHTER, fi'-i&r. n. s. Awarriour; a duellist. 
S'laksiwe. 

FI'GHTING, fi'-tlng. part. a. Qualified for war; fit 
for battle. 2 Chron. xxvi. Occupied by war. Pope. 

FFGHTlNG*, fi'-ling. n. s. Contention ; quarrel ; 
combat. 2 Cor. vii. 

FFGLEAF* fig'-leef. n.s. A leaf of the fig-tree; a 
flimsy covering. Ge7iesis, iii. 

Fl GMARIGOLD. flg'-mar-e-gild. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

IT GMENT, f?g'-ment. n. s. [fgmentum, Lat.] An 
invention ; a fiction ; the idea feigned. Brown. 

FI GPECKER, fig/-pek-&r. n. s. A bird. 

FI GTREE* ffg' -tre. n. s. The tree that bears 
figs. Psalm cv. 

FFGULATE, fig'-i-late. 91. a. [Jgiitus, Lat.] Made 
of potters' clay. 

ITGURABLE*, ffg'-u-ra-bl. a. [fguro, Lat.] Ca- 
pable of beinsr brought to a certain form, and re- 
tained in it. Thus lead is fgurable, but not water. 
Bacon. 

FIGURABFL1TY, fjg-u-ra-bil'-e-te. n. s. The qual- 
ity of being capable of a certain and stable form. 

FIGURAL; fig'-u-ral. a. Represented by delinea- 
tion. Brown. 

FFGURATE, flg'-i-rate. 91. a. [fguratus, Lat.] 
Of a certain and determinate form. Bacon. Re- 
sembling any thing of a determinate form ; as, 
fgurate stones, retaining the forms of shells in which 
they were formed by the deiuge. Not literal ; 
figurative. Bale. 

Fl'GU RATED*, %-u-ra-led. a. Representing some 
geometrical figure. Potter. 

FIGURATION, frg-u-ra'-sh&n. n.s. Determination 
to a certain form. Bacon. The act of giving a 
certain form. Bacon. Mixture of concords and 
discords in musick. Gregory. 

FI CURATIVE, fig'-u-ra-tlv. a. [figuratif-ve, Fr.] 
Represen'ing something else ; typical ; represen- 
tative. Hiolcer. Not literal. Stilling Jleet. Full of 
figures; full of rhetorical exornalions. Drvden. 

FIGURATIVELY, f ig'-u-ra-tlv-le. ad. By a figure ; 
in a sense different from that which words original- 
ly imply ; not literally. Hammond. 

FFGURE$, fig'-ure. n.s. F fefcm, Lat.J The form 
of any thing as terminated by the outline. Bacon. 
Shape ; form ; semblance. Isaiah, xliv. Person ; 
external form ; appearance, mean or grand. Addi- 
son. Distinguished appearance ; eminence ; re- 
markable character. Addison. Magnificence ; 
splendour. Law. A statue ; an image ; something 
formed in resemblance of somewhat else. Addison. 
Representations in painting. Dnjden. Arrange- 
ment ; disposition ; modification. Watts. A char- 
acter denoting a number. Skak. The horoscope; 
the diagram of the aspect of the astrological houses. 
Shak. [In theology.] Type ; representative. Ro- 
mans, v. [In rhetorick.] Any mode of speaking in 
which words are detorted from their literal and 
primitive sense. In strict acceptation, the change 
of a word is a trope, and any affection of a sentence 
ajigure ; but they are confounded even by the exacl- 
est writers. Locke. [In grammar.] Any devia- 
tion from the rules of analogy or syntax. 

£5=- There is a coarse and a delicate pronunciation of this 
word and its compounds. The first is such a pronun- 
ciation as makes the u short and shut, as if written 
figgur ■. the last preserves the sound of u open, as if y 



were prefixed, fi<r-yure. That this is the true sound of 
open u, see Principles, No. 8. IV. 

To FFGURE, fig' -i.re. r. a. To form into any de 
terminate shape. Bacon. To show by a corpo- 
real resemblance. Spenser. To cover or adorn 
with figures. Shak. To diversify; to variegate 
with adventitious forms or matter. Shak. To rep- 
resent by a typical or figurative resemblance. 
Hooker. " To image in the mind. Temple. Tc 
prefigure ; to foreshow. Shak. To form figura- 
tively; to use in a sense not iiteral. Locke. To note 
by characters. Dnjden. 

To FIGURE* fig'-ure. v. n. To make a figure 
Bolinobroke. 

FIGURE-CASTER*, fig'-ure-kas-tur. n. s. A 
pretender to astrology. Mi/ton. 

FIGURE-FLINGER, t ig'-i'.re-flmg-ur. n. s. A pre 
tender to astrology and prediction. Collier. 

FPGWORT, fi'g'-wurl. n. s. [picpypt, Sax.] A 
plant. Miller. 

FILA'CEOUS, fe-la'-shus. 357. a. [flum, Lat.] 
Consisting of threads. Bacon. 

FPLACER, f iF-a-sur. 98. n. s. [flazarius, low Lat.] 
An officer in the Common Pleas, so called, because 
he files those writs whereon he makes process. 
Harris. 

FILAMENTS, fiF-a-ment. n. s. [flamenta, Lat.] A 
slender thread ; a body slender" and long like a 
thread. Brown. 

FILAME'NTOUS*, f ?l-a-meV-tus. a. Like a slen- 
der thread. The Student. 

FFLANDER*. See Felanders. 

FFLBERT, fiF-burt. 98. n. s. A fine hazel nut with 
a thin shell. Bacon. 

To FILCH §, fllsh. v. a. To steal ; to take by theft , 
to pilfer; usually spoken of petty thefts. Spenser. 

FPLCHER, fllsti'-ftr. 98. n.s. A thief; a petty rob- 
ber. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FFLCHINGLY* fil'-tshing-le. ad. In a thievish 
manner. Sherwood. 

FILE $, file. n.s. [flum, Lat.] A thread. Wo/ton. 
A line on which papers are strung to keep them 
in order. Bacon. A catalogue ; roll ; series. Shak. 
A line of soldiers ranged one behind another. 
Shak. [peol, Sax.] An instrument to rub down 
prominences. Moxon. Style ; manner of writing • 
a Latinism. Spenser. 

FPLECUTTER, f Ue'-k&t-ur. n. s. A maker of files. 
Moxon. 

To FILE, file. v. a. To string upon a thread or w ire. 
Fanslmwe. [peolan, Sax.] To cut with a file 
Hooker. To smooth ; to polish. Spenser, [apy- 
lan. Sax.] To foul ; to sully. Spenser. 

To FILE, file. v. n. To march in a file, not abreast, 
but one behind another. Toiler. To rank With. 
To be strung, as it were, upon the same thread. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FPLEMOT, fiF-e-mot. n. s. [feneille-morl, Fr.] A 
brown or yellow-brown colour. Swift. 

FFLER,fF-lfir. 98. n. s. One who files ; one who uses 
the file in cutting metals. Shencood. 

FFLIAL §, fiF-yal. 113. a. \Jlhts, Lat.] Pertaining 
to a son; befitting a son. Sidney. Bearing the 
character or relation of a son. Milton. 

FILIATION, fil-e-a'-sh&n. n. s. The relation of a 
son to a father ; correlative to paternity. Hale. 

FFLmEG*. See Fillibeg. 

FFLIGRANE$*, ffF-e-grane. ?n. s. [filnm ana 

FFLIGREE Work§*,fiY-e-gre. S granum, Lat.] 
Work, curiously wrought, in the manner of little 
threads or grains, usually in gold and silver; a 
kind of wire-work. Tatler. Svnnburue. 

FILIGRAINED* fiF-e-gran'd. a. Whatever is 
made of silver wire-work. 

FFLINGS, fl'-llngz. n. s. Fragments rubbed off by 
the action of the file. Brown. 

To FILL$, fil. r, a. [pyllan, Sax.] To store till no 
more can be admitted. St. John. To store abun- 
dantly. Milton. To satisfy; to content. Mi/ton. 
To glut; to surfeit. Shak.— To fill out. To pour 
out liquor for drink. To extend by something con- 
tained!. Dnjden. - To fill up. To make full. Pope 
383 



PIN 



FIN 



OT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin j 



To supply. Addison. To occupy by bulk, ^wr- 
ne*. To engage 5 to employ. Sliakspeare. 
To FILL, f SI. v. n. To give to drink. Rev. xviii. To 
grow full. To glut ; to satiate. Bacon.— To Jill up. 
To grow full. Woodward. 

FILL, ftl.n.s. As much as may produce complete 
satisfaction. Spenser. [More properly thill.] The 
place between the shafts of a carriage. Morti- 
mer. 

FFLLER, fiF-lfir. n. s. Any thing that tills up room 
without use. Dryden. One whose employment is 
to fill vessels of carriage. Mortimer. One who 
stores abundantly. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FFLLET$, fiF-lit. 99. n. s. [filet, Fr.] A band tied 
round die head or other part. Dryden. The fleshy 
part of the thigh: applied commonly to veal. Dryden. 
Meat rolled together, and tied round. Swift. [In 
architecture.] A little member which appears in 
the ornaments and mouldings, and is otherwise 
called lislel. Exod. xxvii. 

To FFLLET, fiF-lii. v. a. To bind with a bandage 
or fillet. Sir T. Herbert. To adorn with an as- 
tragal. Ex. xxxviii. 

FFLL1BEG*, fiF-le-beg. n. s. [filkadh-beg, Gael.] 
A little plaid ; a dress, reaching only to the knees, 
worn in the Highlands of Scotland, instead of 
breeches. Johnson. 

FFLLING* fil'-ling. n. s. Supply. Bentley. The 
act of growing full. Storp. 

To FFLLIP §, f il'-lip. v. a. To strike with the nail of 
the finger by a sudden spring or motion. Shak. 

FFLLIP, fiF-lip. n. s. A jerk of the finger let go 
from die thumb. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FFLLY, f iF-le. n. s. [ffilog, Welsh.] A young mare : 
opposed to a colt, or young horse. Shak. A wan- 
ton girl; a flirt. Beaumont and Fletclicr. 

FILM$, film. n. s. [pilm, Sax.] A thin pellicle or 
skin. Bacon. 

To FILM, film. v. a. To cover with a pellicle or thin 
skin. Shakspeare. 

FFLMY, fiF-me. a. Composed of thin membranes or 
pellicles. Sir H. Wotion. 

To FFLTERS, fil'-tfir. v. a. [fltro, low Lat.] To 
defecate by drawing off liquor by depending 
threads. To strain ; to percolate. Grew. 

FFLTER, fiF-tor. n. s. [fiUrum, Lat.] A twist of 
thread, of which one end is dipped in the liquor to 
be defecated, and the other hangs below the bot- 
tom of the vessel, so that the liquor drips from it. 
A strainer; a searce. Ray. 

FILTHS, filth, n. s. [pilo\ Sax.] Dirt; nastiness. 
Bacon. Corruption; pollution. Tillotson. 

FFLTHILY, fik/F-e-le. ad. Nastily ; foully ; grossly. 
Burton. 

FFLTHINESS, fnW-e-nes. n. s. Nastiness; foul- 
uess ; dirtiness. Sidney. Corruption ; pollution. 
South. 

FFLTHY, fM'-e. a. Nasty ; foul ; dirty. Sliakspeare. 
Gross ; polluted. Dryden. 

To FFLTRATES, fiF-trate. 91. v. a. To strain; to 
percolate ; to filter. Arbuthnot. 

FILTRATION, fil-tra'-shun. n. s. A method by 
which liquors are procured fine and clear. Boyle. 

FFMBLE Hemp, fW-bl-hemp. n. s. [corrupted from 
female.] The light summer hemp, that bears no 
seed. Mortimer. 

To FIMBRIATE*, finF-bre-ate. v. a. {fmbriatus, 
Lat.] To fringe ; to hem. Fuller. 

F1N$, fin. n. s. [pin, Sax.] The wing of a fish; the 
limb by which he balances his body, and moves in 
the water. More. 

FIN-FOOTED, fin'-fut-gd. a. Palmipedous; having 
feet with membranes between the toes. Brown. 

FFNABLE, fF-na-bl. 405. a. That admits a fine ; 
that deserves a fine. Bacon. 

FINALS, fF-nal. 88. a. [fnalis, LatJ Ultimate; 
last. Milton. Conclusive ; decisive. Bacon. Mor- 
tal ; destructive. Spenser. Respecting the end or 
motive. Hooker. 

FINALLY, fl'-nal-e. ad. Ultimately ; lastly ; in con- 
clusion. Milton. Completely 5 without recovery. 
Davies. 



FINA'NCE, fe-nanse'. n. 5. [Fr.] Revenue ; in 
come ; profit. Bacon. 

FINANCIAL*, fe-nan'-shal. a. Respecting finance 
Burke. 

FINANCIER, fin-nan-seer'. 357. n. s. [Fr.] One 
who collects or farms the publick revenue; one 
who understands the publick revenue. Bacon. 

FFNARY, f F-na-re. n. s. [from To fine.] In the iron 
works, the second forge at the iron mills. Diet. 

FINCH, finsh. n. s. [pine, Sax.] A small bird, of 
which we have three kinds, the goldfinch, chaffinch, 
and bullfinch. Sliakspeare. 

To FINDS, find. v. a. [pinban, Sax.] To obtain by 
searching or seeking. St. Matt. vii. To obtain 
something lost. St. Luke, xv. To obtain something 
desired. Milton. To meet with ; to fall upon. Pope. 
To know by experience. Cowley. To come to ; 
to attain. Milton. To discover by study. Spenser. 
To discover what is hidden. Cowley. To hit on by 
chance; to perceive by accident. Cowley. To gain 
by any mental endeavour. Milton. To remark; 
to observe. Milton. To detect ; to deprehend ; to 
catch. Locke. To reach ; to attain. Job, iii. To 
meet. Cowley. To settle ; to fix any thing in one : s 
own opinion. Cowley. To determine by judicial 
verdict. Bacon. To supply; to furnish. Bacon. [In 
law.] To approve ; as, to find a bill. Blackstone. 
To purpose ; to find in one's heart. Spenser. — To 
find himself. To be ; to fare, with regard to ease 
or pain. L' Estrange. To find out. To unriddle , 
to solve. Ecclus. xiii. To discover something hid- 
den. Job, ii. To obtain the knowledge of. Dryden. 
To invent ; to excogitate. 2 Chron. ii. 

FFNDER, flnd'-ur. n.s. One that meets or falls upon 
any thing. Stole. One that picks up any thing lost 
Donne. A discoverer ; an inventer. Sidney. 

FINDFA ULT, flnd'-falt. n. s. A censurer; a cavil 
ler. Sliakspeare. 

FINDFAULTING*. flnd'-falt-mg. a. Cavilling; 
captious. Whitlock. 

FINDING*, flnd'-ing. n.s. Discovery by study. Ec- 
clus. xiii. Discovery oy chance. Shak. [Inlaw.] The 
return made by the jury to the bill of indictment. 

FFNDY, fin'-de. a. [tfepmbiS, Sax.] Plump; 
weighty ; firm ; solid. Junius. Ob. J. 

FINE §, fine. a. [fine, Fr.l Not coarse. Spenser. Re 
fined ; pure ; free from dross. Ezra, viii. Subtile ; 
thin ; tenuous. Bacon. Refined ; subtilely excogi- 
tated. Bacon. Keen; thin; smoothly sharp. Bacon. 
Clear; pellucid; transparent. B. Jonson. Nice; 
exquisite ; delicate. Dairies. Artful ; dexterous. 
Bacon. Fraudulent ; sly ; knavishly subtle. Spen- 
ser. Elegant; beautiful in thought or language. 
Dryden. Applied to person, it means beautiful 
with dignity. Spence. Accomplished; elegant of 
manners. Lelton. Showy ; splendid. Pope. Iron- 
ically. Something that will serve the purpose; 
something worth contemptuous notice. Shak. Ta 
per ; slender. Prior. 

FINE, fine. n. s. [Jin, Cfmbr.] A mulct; a pecunia- 
ry punishment. Dairies. Penalty. Shak. Forfeit; 
money paid for any exemption or liberty. Shak. 
[finis, Lat.] The end ; conclusion ; used adverbial- 
ly, in fine. Sidney. 

To FINE, fine. v. a. To refine ; to purify. Prov. xvii. 
To embellish ; to decorate. Shak. To make less 
coarse. Mortimer. To make transparent. Morti- 
mer. To punish with pecuniary penalty. Locke. 

To FINE, tine. v. n. To pay a tine- Oldham. 

To FFNEDRAW, f Ine'-draw. ». a. [fine and draw.] 
To sew up a rent with so much nicety that it is not 
perceived. 

FINEDRA'WER, flne'-draw-ur. n. s. One whose 
business is to sew up rents. 

FINEFFNGERED, fme'-fing-gard. a. Nice; artful; 
exquisite. Spenser. 

FFNELESS*, fine'-les. a. [fine and less.] Unbound- 
ed ; endless. Shakspeare. 

FINELY, flne'-le. ad. Beautifully ; elegantly. Addi- 
son: Keenly ; sharply ; with a thin edge or point. 
Peactom. Not coarsely ; not meanly ; gayly. Bacon,. 
In small parts ; subtilely ; not grossly. Boyle. Ironi- 
384 



FIN 



FIR 






-n6, move, ndr, nAt;— tube, tub, btill ; — 611 ; — p6And ; — «/jin, THis. 



cally : wretchedly. South. Subtly; artfully. Wot- 
ton. In a great degree ; completely ; purely. H. 
Bart of Clarendon. 

FI'NENESS, flne'-nes. n. s. Elegance ; beauty; del- 
icacy. Sidney. Show ; splendour ; gayety of ap- 
pearance. Boijle. Subtilly; artfulness ; ingenuity. 
Bp. Taylor. Purity : freedom from dross or base 
mixtures. Bacon. Smoothness ; not coarseness. 
Drayton. 

FFNER, fl'-nflr. 98. n.s. One who purifies metals. 
Prorerbs, xxv. 

FINER Y. fl'-nur-e. 557. n. s. Show ; splendour of 
anpearance ; gayety of colours. Soutliern. The 
name of a forge at iron-works. 

FINESPOKEN*, flne-spo'-kn. a. Using a number 
of fine phrases. Lord Chesterfield. 

FFNESPUiN*, flne'-spun. a. Ingeniously contrived; 
artfully invented. Lowth. 

FINESSE, fe-nes'. 126. n.s. [Fr.] Artifice ; strata- 
gem. Hayward. 

FINGERS, fmg'-gfir. 381. n. s. [pin^eri, Sax.] 
The flexible member of the hand by which men 
catch and hold. Ray. A small measure of exten- 
sion ; the breadth of a finger. Wilkins. The hand ; 
the instrument of work. Waller. 

To FFNGER, fing'-giV. v. a. To touch lightly; to 
toy with. Sliak. 1 o touch unseasonably or thiev- 
ishly. ShaJc. To touch an instrument of musick. 
Shak. To handle without effort or violence. Bp. 
Hall. To perform any work exquisitely with ihe 
fingers. 

FI'NGERBOARD*,fmg / -gu.r-b6rd. n - s - The board 
at the neck of a fiddle, guitar, or the like, where 
the fingers operate on the strings. A. Wood. 

FFNGERED*, fing'-g&rd. a. Having fingers. Sliel- 
ton. 

Fl NGERFERN, f Ing'-gur-fern. n. s. A plant. 

FT NGERING*, flng'-gur-lng. n. s. The act of touch- 
ing lightly, of toying with. Grew. The manner of 
touching an instrument of musick. Shak. Work 
exquisitively performed with the fingers. S})enser. 

FFNGERSTONE, flng'-g5r-st6ne. n. s.'A fossil re- 
sembling an arrow. 

FFNGLEFANGLE, f?ng / -gl-fang'-gl. n. s. A trifle; 
a burlesque word. Hudibras. 

FFNICAM, tV-e-kal. a. [from^rw.] Nice ; foppish. 
Shakspeare. 

FIN1CALLY, ffn'-e-kal-e. ad. Foppishly. 

FIMCALNESS, fln'-e-kal-nes. n. 5. Superfluous 
nicety ; foppery. Warburton. 

ToFPNlSrH, fln'-lsh. v. a. [Jnio, Lat.] To bring 
to the end purposed ; to complete. St. Luke, xiv. 
To make perfect. Broome. To perfect ; to polish 
to the excellency intended. Blackmorc. To end ; 
to put an end to. 

FFNISH*, fln'-ish. n. s. The last touch or polish of 
the composition. 

FINISHER, fm'-lsh-ur. n.s. Performer; accom- 
plishes Sliak. One that puts an end ; ender. 
Hooker. One that completes or perfects. Heb. xii. 

FINISHING* fin'-fsh-lng. n.s. Completion. 1 Esdr. 
v. The last touch of a composition. Warburton. 

FFNITE $, f I'-nlte. 126. a. [Jinitus, Lat.] Limited ; 
bounded; terminated. Locke. 

FINITELESS, fl'-nhe-les. a. Without bounds ; un- 
limited. Brown. 

FFNITELY, fl'-nlte-le. ad. Within certain limits; 
to a certain degree. Still ling fleet. 

FPNITENESS, f I'-nlte-nes. n. s. Limitation ; con- 
finement within certain boundaries Norris. 
FFNITUDE, ffn'-e-tude. n. s. Limitation ; confine- 
ment within certain boundaries. Clieyne. 
FFNLESS, fin'-les. a. [from^w.] Wanting fins. 

Shakspeare. 
FFNLIKE, fhV-llke. a. Formed in imitation of fins. 

Dry den. 
FFNNED, find. 362. a. Having broad edges spread 

out on either side. Mortimer. 
Fl'NNIKIN*, fln'-ne-kln. n.s. A particular species 

of pigeon. Cliambers, 
FI'NN Y, f In'-ne. a. Furnished with fins ; formed for 
the element of water. Drvden. 
49 



FINTOED, fW-tode. a. Palmipedous ; having a 

membrane between the toes. Kay. 
FI'NOCHIO, fe-n6'-she-6. n. s. [Ital.] A species of 

fennel. A plant. 
FINS*, f?nz. n. s. [Fiimes, Swed.] People of Fin- 
land in Sweden. 
FI'NSCALE*, fln'-skale. n. s. The river fish called 

the rudd. Chambers. 
Fl'PPLE, flp'-pl. n. s. [fibula, Lat.] A stopper. Ba- 
con. 
FIR$, fer. 109. n. s. [yi/rr, Welsh.] The tree of 

which deal-boards are made. Miller. 
FIR-TREE*, feV-tre. n. s. The tree called fir 

Isaiah. 
FIRE §, fire. n. s. [jpyp, Sax.] The igneous element. 
Dryden. Any thing burning. Shale. A conflagra- 
tion of towns or countries. Arbuthnot. Flame ; 
light; lustre. Shak. Torture by burning. Prior. 
The punishment of the damned. Isaiah, xxxiii. 
Anything provoking; any thing that inflames the 
passions. Shak. Ardour of temper. Atterbury. 
Liveliness of imagination; vigour of fancy; intel- 
lectual activity ; force of expression ; spirit of senti- 
ment. Cowley. The passion of love. Dryden. 
Eruption or imposthumation : as, St. Anthony's 
fire. — To set fire on, or set on fire. To kindle ; to 
inflame. Knolles. To set afire. To inflame. Ca- 
rew. 
To FIRE, fire. v. a. To set on fire; to kindle. Hay- 
ward. To inflame the passions ; to animate. Dry- 
den. To drive by fire. Sliak. To cauterize. A 
term of farriery. 
To FIRE, fire. v. n. To take fire ; to be kindled. To 
be inflamed with passion. To discharge any fire- 
arms. Smith. 
FFREARMS, f Ire'-armz. n. s. Arms which owe their 

efficacy to fire ; guns. Clarendon. 
FFREBALL, fire-ball. n. s. Grenade ; a ball filled 
with combustibles, and bursting where it is thrown. 
South. 
FFREBRAND, flre'-brand. n. s. [fire and brand.] 
A piece of wood kindled. L' Estrange. An incen- 
diary ; one who inflames factions ; one who causes 
mischief. Shakspeare. 
FFREBRUSH, flre'-brusb. n. s. The brush which 

hangs by the fire to sweep the hearth. Swift. 
FI'RECROSS, flre'-krds. n. s. [fire and cross] A 
I token in Scotland for the nation to take arms. Hay 
ward. 
FFREDRAKE, flre'-drake. n. s. A fiery serpent. 
Dravton. An ignis fatuus. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FIRE-ENGINE*, flre'-en-jni. n.s. A machine for 
extinguishing accidental fires, by a stream or jet of 
water. Chambers. 
FFRELOCK, flre'-ldk. n. s. A soldiers gun ; a gun 

discharged by striking steel with flint. Gay. 
FI' REMAN, flre'-man. n.s. One who is employed to 
extinguish burning houses. Gay. A man of violent 
passions. Tatler. 
FFREMASTER*, f ire'-ma'-stfir. n. s. An officer 
of artillery, who superintends the composition of all 
fire-work. 
FFRENEW, flre'-nu. a. [rier-neiv, Tent. i. e. brand- 
new.] New from the forge ; new from the melting 
house. Shakspeare. 
FIRE-OFFICE*, flre'-of-fk n.s. An office of ensu- 

rance from fire. 
FFREPAN, fire'-pan. n. s. A pan for holding fire. 
Exodus, xxvii. In a gun : the receptacle for the 
priming powder. 
FFREPLUG* fW-plug. n. s. A stopple which, in 
the streets of London, covers a cock which conveys 
water into pipes, in order to be immediately ser- 
viceable in cases of fire. 
FFRER, flre'-dr. 98. n. s. An incendiary. Carew. 
FFRESH1P, flre'-sulp. n. s. A ship filled with com- 
bustible matter to fire the vessels of the enemy. 
Wiseman. 
Fl'RESHOVEL, flre'-shuv-vl. n. s. The instrument 

with which the hot coals are thrown up. Brown. 
FIRESI'DE, flre'-slde. n.s. The hearth ; the chim 
1 ney. Bacon. 

385 



FIS 



FIT 



\TF 559.— Kite, far, fall, fat 5— me, mel;— pine, pii 



n;— 



FFRESTICK, flre'-stlk. n. s. A lighted stick or 

brand. Digby. 
FFRESTONE, flre'-stone. n. s. A compound metal- 
lick fossil, composed of vitriol, sulphur, and an un- 
melallick earth, which has its name of pyrites, or 
fireslone, from its giving- fire on being struck against 
a steel much more freely than a flint will do. Hill. 
FFRE WOOD, flre'-wfld. n. s. Wood to burn; fuel. 
FFRE WORK, fire'-wurk. n. s. Shows of fire; pyro- 

technical performances. Bacon. 
FI'RE WORKER*, f Ire'-wfirk-ur. n. s. An officer 

of artillery subordinate to the firemaster. 
FFR1NG, fl'-ring. n.s. Fuel. Mortimer. 
To FIRK, feVk. v. a. [ferio, Lat.] To whip ; to beat ; 
to correct ; to chastise. Hudibras. To drive. Mid- 
dleton. 
FFKKIN, feV-kin. n. s. [peopep, Sax.] A vessel 
containing nine gallons. Arbuthnot. A small ves- 
sel. Denliam. 
FIRMS, 8rm. 108. a. [firmus, Lat.] Strong; not 
easily pierced or shaken ; hard ; opposed to soft. 
Job, xli. Constant ; steady ; resolute ; fixed ; un- 
shaken. Bacon. Solid ; not giving way ; not fluid. 
RakigJi. 
FIRM*, ferm. n.s. A declaration in- writing. Ricaut. 
A mercantile term for the name under which a 
partnership carries on business. Burke. 
To FIRM, ferm. v. a. [firmo, Lat.] To settle ; to 
confirm ; to establish ; to fix. Knolles. To fix with- 
out wandering. Spenser. 
FFRMAMENT$, feV-ma-ment. n.s. [frrmamentum, 

Lat.] The sky ; the heavens. Spenser. 
FIRMAME'NTAL, fer-ma-men'-tal. a. Celestial ; 

of the upper regions. Dryden. 
FFRMAN*, or FHl'RMAN*, feV-man. n. s. [fir- 
maun, Arab.] A grant or license given by Asiat- 
ick potentates. Sir T. HerbeH. 
FFRMITY*, feV-me-te. n. s. [firmitas, Lat.] 
Strength ; firmness. Chillingworth. 
FRM1TUDE*, feV-me-tude. n. s. [frmitudo, Lat.] 



Stability ; firmness. Bp. Hall 

FFRMLY, feW-le. ad. Strongly; impenetrably; 
immovably. Milton. Steadily ; constantly. Dryden. 

FFRMNESS, feVm'-n^s. n.s. Hardness; compact- 
ness ; solidity. Burnet. Durability ; stability. Hay- 
invd. Certainty; soundness. South! Steadiness; 
constancy; resolution. Milton. 

FIRSTS, furst. 108. a. [pippt, Sax.] The ordinal 
of one. Shale. Earliest in lime. Heb. ix. Fore- 
most in place. Highest in dignity. Dan. vi. Great; 
excellent. Shakspeare. 

FIRST, furst. ad. Before any thing else ; earliest. 
Dryden. Before any other consideration. Bacon 
At first ; at the beginning. Bacon. — First or last 
At one time or other. Bacon. 

FIRST-BEGOT, AW-be-got'. ) n. s. The 

FIRST-BEGOTTEN, furst'-be-g&t'-t'n. \ eldest of 
children. Milton. 

FIRST-BORN, fiW-bSrn. n.s. Eldest; the first by 
the order of nativity. Locke. 

FIRST-BORN*, ffirst'-born. a. Eldest. Devi. xxi. 

FIRST-CREATED*, furst'-kre-a'-tSd. a. Created 
before any thing else. Milton. 

FIRST-FRUITS, f&rst'-frfidts. n. s. What the sea- 
son earliest produces or matures of any kind. Mil- 
ton. The first profits of any thing. Bacon. The 
earliest effect ofany thing. Milton. 

FFRSTLINGjf&rst'-ling. a. "That which is first pro- 
duced or brought forth. Deut. xv. 

FIRSTLING, Ffirst'-lmg. n. s. The first produce or 
offspring. Millon. The first thing thought or done. 
Shakspeare. 

FFRSTRATE* furst'-rate. a. A term adopted from 
a ship of the first rate or size, for pre-eminent ; as, 
He is a man of Urstrate abilities. 

FIRTH*. See Frith. 

FISC §*, fisk. n. s. [fiscus, Lat.] A publick treasury. 
Burke. 

FFSCAL, fls'-l^sjj^ 88. n.s. Exchequer; revenue. 
Bacon. A treasurer. Swinburne. 



FFSCAL*,,. fis'-kal. 
treasury. Raleigh. 



a. Belonging to the publick 



FISH S, fish, n. s. [pyre, Sax.] An animal that in- 
habits the water. Fish is used collectively for the 
race offslies. Shak. The flesh of fish, opposed to 
that of terrestrial animals, caWedfesh. Brown. 
To FISH, fish. v. n. To be employed in catching 
fishes. Sir T. Herbert. To endeavour at any thing 
by artifice. Slutkspeare. 
To FISH, fish. v. a. To search water in quest offish, 

or any thing else. Swift. 
FISH-HOOK, ffsh'-hfldk. n.s. A hook to catch 

fishes. Grew. 
FISH-POND, fish'-p&nd. n.s. A small pool for fish. 

Mortimer. 
FFSHER, fish'-fir. 98. n. s. One who is employed in 

catching fish. St. Matt. iv. 
FFSHERBOAT, fisb'-fir-bfoe. n. s. A boat employ- 
ed in catching fish. Burnet. 
FISHERMAN, fish'-ur-nmn. 88. n. s. One whose 
employment and livelihood is to catch fish. Shak. 
FFSHERTOWN, fish'-fir-tofin. n.s. A town inhab- 
ited by fishermen. Carew. 
FFSHER Y, fish'-ur-e. n. s. The business of catch- 
ing fish. Addison. A commodious place for fishing. 
FFSHFUL, fish'-ful. a. Abounding with fish; stored 

with fish. Carew. 
FFSHGIG* See Fizgig. 
To FFSHIFY, f ish'-e-fl. v. a. To turn to fish. A 

cant word. Shakspeare. 
FFSHING, flslV-Ing. n. s. Commodity of taking 
fish. Spenser. The art or practice of fishing. 
Walton. 
FFSHKETTLE, fish'-kgt-tl. 405. n. s. A caldron 
made long for the fish to be boiled without bending. 
Grew. 
FFSHLIKE* flsh'-llke. a. Resembling fish. Shak. 
FFSHMEAL, fish'-mele. n.s. Diet offish. Sharp. 
FISHMONGER, fish'-mung-gur. n. s. A dealer in 

fish. Carew. 
FFSHSPEAR*, fish'-speer. n. s. A dart or spear wXh 

which fishermen strike fish. Job, xli. 
FFSHWIFE*, fish'-wlfe. n. s. A woman that sells 

fish about the streets. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FFSHWOMAN*, fish'-wum-un. n. s. A woman that 

sells fish. Dr. Warton. 
FFSHY, fish'-e. a. Consisting of fish. Milton. In- 
habited by fish. Pope. Having the qualities or 
form offish. Brown. 
To FISK* fisk. v. n. [fieska, Su.] To run about. 

Cotgrave. 
FFSSILE §, ffs'-sil. 140. a. [fissilis, Lat.] Having 
the grain in a certain direction, so as to be cleft. 
Newton. 
FISSFLITY, fis-sil'-e-te. n.s. The quality of admit- 
ting to be cloven. 
FFSSURE, fish'-shure. 452. n. s. [ fissura, Lat.] A 
cleft ; a narrow chasm where a Breach has been 
made. Woodward. 
To FFSSURE, fish'-shure. v. a. To cleave ; to 

make a fissure. Wiseman. 
FIST §, fist. n. s. [pypc,Sax.] The hand clenched 

with the fingers doubled down. Sidney. 
To FIST, fist. v.a. To strike with the fist. Drijden. 

To gripe with the fist. Shakspeare. 
FFSTINUT, fis'-te-nut. n.s. A pistachio nut. 
FFSTICUFFS, fisMe-kfifs. n.s. Battle with the 

fist ; blows with the fist. More. 
FFSTULA $, fis'-tshu-la. 461. n.s. [Lat.] A sinu- 
ous ulcer callous within. Wiseman. — Fistula la- 
chnjmalis. A disorder of the canals leading from 
the eye to the nose, which obstructs the natural pro- 
gress of the tears, and makes them trickle down 
the cheek. Sharp. 
FFSTULAR. fis'-tshu-lar. 88. a. Hollow like a pipe. 
To FFSTULA TE* fisMshu-late. v. n. To turn or 

grow to a fistula. Bullokar. 
To FFSTULATE*. fis'-tshu-late. v. a. To make 

hollow like a pipe ; to perforate. The Student. 
FFSTULOUS, fls'-tshti-lfis. a. Having the nature 

of a fistula. Wiseman. 
FIT§, fit. n.s. A paroxysm or exacerbation ofany 
intermittent distemper. Sharp. Any short return 
after intermission J interval. Dryden. Any violent 



FIX 



FLA 



— n6, move, n6r, not ;— lube, tab, bfill ;— 6)1 5— p6und ; — th'm, Tiiis. 



s. The person or thing- that 
iv thing-. Mortimer. A small 



affection of mind or body. Spenser. Disorder ; dis- 
temperature. Shakspeare. It is used for the hys- 
terical disorders of women, and the convulsions of 
children. Arbuthnol. Anciently, the parts of a song, 
or cantos of a poem, were called Ate. So were sec- 
tions or chapters of a book. The word was also 
used for a strain in musick, and for a measure in 
dancing-. Pititeidiam. 
FIT, fit. a. [vitten, Flemish.] Qualified; proper. 
1 Chron. vii. Convenient 3 meet ; proper ; right. 

BaCOtt. 

To FIT, fit. v. a. To accommodate to any thing 3 
to suit one thing to another. Isaiah, xliv. To ac- 
commodate a person with any thing. Wiseman. 
To be adapted to 3 to suit any thing or person 3 to 
become. Sid/iey. — To Jit out. To furnish ; to equip. 
Dryden. To Jit tip. To furnish 3 to make propcr 
for the use or reception of any. Pope. 

To FIT, lit. v.n. To be proper ; to be becoming. 
Pope. 

FITCH, fltsh. n. s. [A corruption of vetch.] A small 
kind of wild pea. Isaiah, xxviii. 

Fl'TCHAT, flish'-Jt. ) n, s. [fissau, Fr.J A stink 

FITCHEW, flt'-tshoo. \ ing- Mile beast that robs 
the henroost and warren. Shakspeare. 

FITFUL, fil'-fiil. a. Varied by paroxysms. Slmk. 

FITLY, fit'-le. ad. Properly ; justly ; reasonably. 
Boyle. CommodiousIy3 meetly. Donne. 

FITNESS, fit'-nes. n. s. Propriety ; meetness; just- 
ness ; reasonableness. Hooker. Convenience 3 com- 
modity; the slate of being fit. Shaksjieare. 

FITMENT, fll'-ment. n. s. Something adapted to a 
particular purpose. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

Fl'TTABLE*, fft'-ta-bl. a. Suitable. Sherwood. 
Oh. T. 

FITTER, fit'-tur. n. s 
confers fitness for any thmg, 
piece, [from fella, ltal.j Beaumont and Fletcher 

FITTINGLY*, f ft'-tmg-ie. ad. Properly ; suitably. 
More. 

FITZ, fits. n. s. [Norman.] A son 3 as, Fitzherbert, 
the son of Herbert 3 Fitzwy, the son of the king. 
It is commonly used of illegitimate children. 

FIVE $, five, a. [pjp, Sax.] Four and one; half of 
ten. St. Matt. xxv. 

FI' VEBAR*, f ive'-bar. ) a. Having five bars 

FI'VEBARRED* flve'-bar'd. ] usually applied to 
gates. Gay. 

FFVEFOLD*, flve'-fold. a. Having five distinc 
tions ; composed of five materials. Fotherby. 

FI'VELEAF*, flve'-leef. n.s. Cinquefoil. Drayton. 

FI'VELEAVED f?«m, five'-leevU n.s. Cinque- 
foil; a species of clover. Barret. 

FIVES, flvz. n. s. A kind of play with a ball. A dis 
ease of horses. Sluxkspeare. 

To FIX£, fiks. v.a. [fixus, Lat.] To make fast, 
firm, or stable. Milton. To settle ; to establish inva- 
riably. Locke. To direct without variation. Shak. 
To deprive of volatility. Locke. To pierce 3 to 
transfix. Sandys. To withhold from motion. 

To FIX, fiks. v. n. To settle the opinion 3 to deter- 
mine the resolution. Dryden. To rest 3 to cease 
to wander. Waller. To lose fluidity, so as to be 
malleable. Bacon. 

FIXATION, fik-sa'-sh&n. n.s. Stability; firm- 
ness ; steadiness. King Charles. Residence in a 
certain place. Rakish. Forbearance of excursion. 
Watts. Want of volatility. Bacon. Reduction 
from fluidity to firmness. Glanville. 

FI'XEDLY, flk'-sed-le. 364. ad. Certainly; firmly. 
Locke. Steadfastly. Burnet. 

FPXEDNESS, flk'-secl-nes. 365. n.s. Stability; 
firmness. Bp. Hall. Want or loss of volatility. 
Locke. Solidity ; coherence of parts. Bentley. 
Steadiness ; settled opinion. Bp. Hall. 

FIXI'DITY, fik-sld'-e-te. n. s. Coherence of parts. 
Boyle. 

FPXlTY, ffk'-se-te. n.s. [Jixiti, Fr.] Coherence 
of parts, opposed to volatility. Newton. 

FIXT*, flkst. part, of the verb fix. 

FI'XTURE*, ffks'-tshure. 463. n. s. That which is 
fixed ; a piece of furniture fixed to a house. 



Fl'XURE, fik'-shAre. 479. n.s. Position. Shak. Sta 
blc pressure. Shale. Firmness; stable stale. Shak. 

FI'ZGIG, fjW-gfg. 7i.«. [properly Jisligig.] A kind 

bf dart or harpoon with which seamen strike fish. 

Sandys. A kind of firework which boys make up 

in paper, and explode. A gadding flirt. Cots; rare. 

To FIZZ*, fiz. ) v. n. [fisa, lcel. and Goth/I 

To Fl'ZZLE*, fty-zl. 5 To emit a slight and Iran 
sient noise, or a slight continued noise; to make a 
kind of hiss. 

FLA'BBY, flab'-be. a. [Jlabbe, Teut.] Soft; not 
firm ; easily shaking. Arbuthnot. 

FLA'BEL*, flab'-e). n. s. [flabellum, Lat.] A fan 
Huloet. Ob. T. 

FLABILE, flab'-il. 140 a. [yfoMw, Lat.] Subject to 
be blown. Diet. 

FLACCID $, flak'-s?d. [See Exaggerate.] a. 
[Jlaccidus,]^.] Weak; limber; not stiff; lax; 
not tense. Bacon. 

FLACCPDITY, flak-sld'-e-te. n. s. Laxity; limber- 
ness; want of tension. Wiseman. 

To FLAG §, flag. v.n. [Jlaggheren, old Teut.] To 
hang loose, without stiffness or tension. Abbot. To 
grow spiritless or dejected. Dryden. To grow 
Jeeble ; to lose vigour. B. Jonson. 

To FLAG, flag. v. a. To leU'al! into feebleness ; to 
suffer to droop. Bp. Burnet. [From flag, a spe- 
cies of stone.] To lay with broad stone. Sandys. 

FLAG, flag. n. s. A water plant with a bladed leaf 
and yellow flower. Exod. ii. The colours or en- 
sign of a ship or land-forces. Shak. A species of 
stone used for smooth pavements. Woodward. 

FLAG-BROOM, Mg^br&om. n.s. A broom for 
sweepiiig flags or pavements. 

FLAG-OFFICER, flag'-of-fe-sur. n.s. A com- 
mander Gf a squadron. Addison. 

FLAG-SHIP, flag'-shfp. n.s. The ship in which the 
commander of a fleet is. 

FLAG- WORM, flag'-w&rm. n. s. A grub bred in 
watery places among flags or sedge. Walton. 

FLA'GELET, fiadje'-e-let. n. s. [flageolet, Fr.] A 
small flute. More. 

FLA / GELLANTS*.fladje / -&-lants.rc.s. pi. [Jlagello, 
Lat.] A sect called Flagellants, the whippers. Bp. 
Halt. 

To FLA'GELLATE ^fladje'-el-late. r.a.To whip 
or scourge. Cockeram, 

FLAGELLATION, fladje-gl-la'-shfin. n.s. The 
use of the scourge. Pearson. 

FLA'GGINESS, flag'-ge-nes. n.s. Laxity; limber- 
ness; want of tension. Sherwood. 

FLAGGY §, flag'-ge. 383. a. [from fag.] Weak; 
lax; limber; not tense. Spenser. Weak in taste; 
insipid. Bacon. 

FLAGITIOUS $, fla-j;sh / -fls. a. [jlagitius, Lat.1 
Wicked; villanous; atrocious. South. Guilty oi 
crimes. Pope. 

FLAGITIOUSNESS, fla-jish'-fis-nls. n. s. Wir 
edness ; villany. The Student. 

FLA'GON, flag'-i'm. 166. n. s. [fiacon, Fr.] A • 
of drink with a nairow mouth. Shakspet 

FLA'GRANCE* fia'-granse. h. s. Note 



Notorif 



heat 



glaring offence. Bp. Hall. 
FEA'GRANCY, fla'-gran-se. n. s. BumP d ' en ^ 
fire. Bacon. Notoriousness ; glaring ' l 

ant. a. [Jlagr/> ^JjU^ 
. Hor' J 



Sir E. Sandys. 



dent ; burning ; 
flushed. Pope. 



Red ; imprinted/ 
into notice. Sv, 
FLAGRANTLY*, fla'-grant 



Io % Prior. 



torious; flaming into notice. ar A A^pnilv pp. 

™ 1NTLY *, fla'-grant-l^ ArdenUj , ea 

gerly. Notoriously. Dr. W*™' rr. KlW _ . in ;. „ 

~lV«R ATw ; fli/^y. v. a. To burn , to i r 



Burning. Lo\ e- 



To FLA'GRATE*. f&?-gr¥' 

jure by fire. Greenhill. , , 
FLAGRATION, fla-gra* han - n ' 

FLA'GSTAFF, f&JA n> S ' The staff on which 
the flag is fixed, W*™: , , , Pr . TVlp •_,_,, 

FLAIL, flile. 202. t.s.[flael,o\d Fr.] The 1 instn* 
ment with whic* grain is beaten out of the ear. 

Fl!\Kr>r^ke. n.s. [placea, Sax.] Any thing 



FLA 



FLA 



[nr 559.— Fate, far, f 111, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin 



that appears loosely held together, like a flock of 
wool. Sidney. A stratum 5 layer; film; lamina. 
Sayidys. 
To FLAKE, flake, v. a. To form in flakes or bodies 

loosely connected. Pope. 
To FLAKE, flake, v. n. To break into laminae ; to 
part in loose bodies. 

FLA'KY, fla'-ke.a. Loosely hanging together. Slmk. 
Lying in layers or strata ; broken into laminae. 

FLAM §, flam. n. s. [Jim, Icel.] A freak; a whim ; 
a fancy. B. Jonson. A falsehood ; a lie ; an illu- 
sory pretext. South. 
To FLAM, flam. v. a. To deceive with a lie. South. 
FLA'MBEAU, flam'-bo. 245. n.s. [Fr.] [plural 
fiambeaux.~\ A lighted torch. Dryden. 

FLAME §, flame, n.s. [Jlamma, Lat.] Light emitted 
from fire. Newton. Fire. Cowley. Ardour of tem- 
per or imagination; brightness of fancy ; vigour of 
thought. Waller. Ardour of inclination. Pope. 
Passion of love. Cowley. 
To FLAME, flame, v. n. To shine as fire ; to burn 
with emission of light. Sha/c. To shine like flame. 
Prior. To break out in violence of passion. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

To FLAME* flame, v. a. To inflame; to excite; 
to animate. Spenser.' 

FLA'MECOLOUR^ftme'-kul-lur. n.s. The colour 
of flame. B. Jonson.' 

FLA'MECOLOURED; flame'-kfll-lflrd. 362. a. Of 
a bright yellow colour. Shakspeare. 

FLA'MEEYED* flW-lde. a. Having eyes like 
flames. Quarles. 

FLA'MELESS*, flW-les. a. Without flame; with- 
out incense. Sa7idys. 

FLA 1 MEN, fla'-mgn. 503. n.s, [Lat.] A priest; one 
that officiates in solemn offices. Milton. 

<j^r If there be any case in which we are to take our 
English quantity from the Latin, it is in words of 
two syllables, which retain their Latin form, and have 
the vowel in the first syllable long. — See Drama. W. 

FLA'MING*, fla'-mlng. n. s. The act of bursting out 
in flames. Mirror fir Mao-istrates. 

FLA/MINGLY*, fla'-nmig-le. ad. Radiantly ; most 
brightly. Cotgrave. 

FLAMI'NGO*, fla-mln'-gi. n. s. The name of a bird, 
common in many parts of America. Sir T. Herbert. 

FLAMFN1CAL*, fla-mln'-e-kal. a. [Jlamen, Lat.] 
Belonging to the Roman priest. Milton. 

FLAMMABI'LITY, flam-ma-bil'-e-t6. n.s. The 
quality of admitting to be set on fire, so as to blaze. 
Brown. 

FLAM3IATION, flam-ma'-shfln. n. s. The act of 
setting on flame. Brown. 

FLA'MMEOUS, flam'-me-fis. a. Consisting of flame; 
resembling flame. Brown. 

FLAxMMFFEROUS, flam-mlf-fe-rus. 518. a. Bring- 
ing flame. Did. 

^LAMMFVOMOUS,flam-m1v / -o-mus.528. a. Vom- 
iting out flame. Diet. 
VMY, fla'-me. a. Inflamed ; burning ; blazing. 
piey. Having the nature of flame. Bacon. 
Fj^e-coloured. Sir T. Herbert 

fori*' fian S- l ' ' 

FLANP^^- 
side of fl an ©k- n. s. [fianc, Fr.] That part of the 
cham " lu adruped near the hinder thigh. .Pea- 
belly' Jor mQn : tne l atera l P art °f tne lower 
Bacon Th v " ^ ne s ^ e °^ an ^ arm ^ or eL 
from the eurtaP art , of 7 he ba f'™ which reaches 

To FLANK, flan\ othefa r c ^ Harr % , m - u , 

the side of a balk 15 ' a ' V a ?^' F ^ T ,° attack 
tn ™^\ i in or fleet. To be posted so as 

"l**"**' Mn « k - S '« To border; to .ouch. 

^r '??*?• fla "*'- ar - "- "■ T ° **" d b y h >- 



FLA'NNEL, flan'-nel. 99. n.s. [gwlanen, Welsh'.] A 

soft, nappy stuff of wool. Shakspeare. 
FLAPS, flap. n.s. [Jlabbe, Teut.] Anything that 

hangs broad and loose. Brown. The motion ct 

any thing broad and loose. A disease in horse<? 

Farrier's Diet. 
To FLAP, flap. v. a. To beat with a flap, as flies ?re 

beaten. Pope. To move with a flap or noise. 

Phillips. 

To FLAP, flap. v. n. To ply the wings with noise. 
Dryden. To fall with flaps, or broad parts depend- 
I ing~ Gay. 

! FLATDRAGON, flap'-drag-fln. n. s. A play in 
J which they catch raisins out of burning brandy, 
j and eat them. The thing eaten at flapdragon. 
I Shakspeare. 

! To FLA'PDRAGON, flap'-drag-fln. v. a. To swal- 
! low ; to devour. Sliakspeare. 
! FLA'PEARED, flap'-eerd. 362. a. Having loose and 
! bread ears. Shakspeare. 

FLAT JACK*, flap'-jak. n. s. An apple-puff. Shuk. 

FLAPMOUTHED^fl'V-mduTHd. a. Having loose 
lips. Shakspeare. 

FLATPER*, flap'-pfir. n. s. A fan, or flap for wind. 
Barret. Figuratively, one who endeavours to make 
another remember. Ld. Chesterfield. 

To FLARE, flare, v. a. [jlederen, Dutch.] To glitter 
with transient lustre. Herbert. To glitter offen- 
sively. Milton. To be in too much light. Prior. 
To flatter with a splendid show Slmkspeare. 

FLASH §, flash, n. s. [^X6|.] A sudden, quick, tran- 
sitory blaze. Shak. Sudden burst of wit or merri- 
ment. Shak. A short, transient state. Bacon. A 
body of water driven by violence. Any little pool. 
Pegge. 

To FLASH, flash, r. n. To glitter with a quick and 
transient flame. Boyle. To burst out into any 
kind of violence. Shak. To break out into wit, 
merriment, or bright thought. Felton. 

To FLASH, flash, v. a. To strike up large bodies 
of water from the surface. Spenser. To trick up in 
a showy manner. Brewer. 

FLA'SHER, flash'-flr. n. s. A man of more appear- 
ance of wit than reality. Diet. A rower. Cotgrave. 

FLA'SHILY, flash'-e-le. ad. With empty show ; 
without real power of wit. 

FLA'SHY, flash'-e. a. Empty; not solid; showy 
without substance. Digby. insipid ; without force 
or spirit. Bacon. Plashy ; washy ; dashing ; be- 
spirting. Cotgrave. 

FLASK §, fiask. n.s. [fiasque, Fr.] A bottle; a ves- 
sel. King. A powder-horn. Shakspeare. 

FLASKET, flask'-it. n. s. A vessel in which viands 
are served. Pope. A long, shallow basket. Spen- 
ser. 

FLATS, flat. a. [plat, Fr.] Horizontally level ; with- 
out inclination. Shak. Smooth ; without protu- 
berances. Bacon. Not elevated ; fallen ; not 
erect. Milton. Level with the ground. Milton. 
Lying prostrate ; lying along. Spenser. [In paint- 
ing.] Wanting relief; wanting prominence of the 
figures. Tasteless ; insipid ; dead. Shak. Dull ; 
unanimated ; frigid. Bacon. Depressed; spirit- 
less; dejected. Milton. Unpleasing; tasteless. 
Atterbunj. Peremptory ; absolute ; downright 
Sidney. Not shrill ; not sharp in sound. Bacon 

FLAT, flat. n.s. A level; an extended plain. Bacon. 
Even ground ; not mountainous. Sliaic. A smooth, 
low ground, exposed to inundations. Shak. Shal- 
low ; strand ; place in the sea where the water is 
not deep enough for ships. Shak. The broad 
side of a blade. Dryden. Depression of thought 
or language. Dryden. A surface without relief or 
prominences. Bentley. [In musick.] A kind of ad- 
ditional or half note, contrived, together with sharps, 
to remedy the defects of musical instruments. 

To FLAT, flat. v. a. To level ; to depress ; to make 
broad and smooth. Bacon. To make vapid. 
Bacon. To render unanimated or evanid. K, 
Charles. 

To FLAT, flat. v. n. To grow flat ; opposed to swell* 
Temple. 

388 



FLA 



FLE 



— 116, move, nor, noV,— tube, tftb, bflll; — 611;— p65nd;— th'm, this. 



FLAT-BOTTOMED*, flat-b6t'-tamd. a. Having a 

flat bottom, applied to boats. Sir T. Herbert. [In 

fortification.] A moat which has no sloping, its 

corners being somewhat rounded. Chambers. 

FLA/TTVE*, fla'-uV. a. [flatus, Lat.] Producing 

wind ; flatulent. Breirer. 
FLA'TLONG, flat'-l&ng. ad. With the flat down- 
wards ; not edgewise. Shakspeare. 
FLATLY, flat'-le. ad. [from flat.] Horizontally; 
without inclination. Without prominence or ele- 1 
vation. Without spirit ; dully ; frigidly. Peremp- J 
torily : downright. Sidney. 
FLATNESS, nat'-nes. n. s. Evenness; level ex- 
tension. Biblioth. Bibt. Want of relief or promi- 
nence. Addison. Deadness ; insipidity ; vapid- 
ness. Mortimer. Dejection of fortune. Shak. De- 
jection of mind ; want of life. Collier. Dulness ; 
insipidity; frigidity. Pope. The contrary to shrill- 
ness or acuteness of sound. Bacon. 
FLATNO'SED*, flat-n6z'd'. a. Having a flat nose. 

Burton. 
To FLATTEN, flat'-t'n. 405. v.a. To make even or 
level, without prominence or elevation. Donne. 
To beat down to the ground. Mortimer. To make 
vapid. To deject ; to depress ; to dispirit. 
To FLATTEN, flat'-t'n. v. n. To grow even or lev- 
el. To grow dull and insipid. V Estrange. 
FLATTER, flat'-tfir. 98. n. s. The workman or in- 
strument by which bodies are flattened. 
To FLATTER*, haf-t&r. v. a. [ /latter, Fr.] To 
soothe with praises ; to please with blandishments. 
SluxA. To praise falsely. Yoimg. To please ; to 
soothe. Diyden. To raise false hopes. Milton. 
FLATTERER, flat'-tfir-rur. n. s. One who flatters ; 

a fawner ; a wheedler. Bacon. 
FLATTERINGLY*. flatMfir-ing-le. ad. In an art- 

fullv obsequious manner. Bale. 
FLATTERY, flal'-t&r-e. 557. n.s. False praise ; 

artful obsequiousness ; adulation. Roive. 
FLATTISH, flat'-tlsh. a. Somewhat flat ; approach- 
ing to flatness. Woodward. 
FLATULENCY, flatsh'-u-len-se. 461. n.s. Windi- 
ness ; fulness of wind. Arbuthnot. Emptiness ; 
vanity ; levitv ; airiness. Glanville. 
FLATULENT §, flatsh'-u-lent. a. [flatulentus, Lat.] 
Turgid with air ; windy. Arbvlhnot. Empty ; 
vain ; big, without substance or reality ; puffy. 
Glanvilk. 
FLATUO/SITY, flatsh-u-os'4-te. n. 5. [flaluosite, 

Fr."| Windiness ; fulness of air. Bacon. 
FLATUOUS, flatsh'-u-fts. a. Windy ; full of wind. 

Bacon. 
FLA'TUS,fik'-tis. n.s. [Lat.] Wind gathered in 
any cavities of the body. Quincy. A breath ; a 
puff. Clarke. 
FLATWISE, flat'-wlze. a. [flat and wise.'] With 

the flat downwards, not the edge. Woodward. 
To FLAUNT y, flam. 214. v. n. To make a fluttering 
show in apparel. Beaumont and Fletcher. To face ; 
to carry a pert or saucy appearance. Boyle. 
FLAUNT, flant. n.s. Any thing loose and airy. 
Shafcspeare. An ostentatious display; a brag. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FLA'VOROUS, fla'-vur-us. 557. a. Delightful to the 

palate. Dryden.. Fragrant; odorous. 
FLA'VOURy, fla'-v&r. 314. n. s. [Jlair, Fr.] Pow- 
er of pleasing the taste. Addison. Sweetness to 
the smell ; odour ; fragrance. Dryden. 
FLAVOURED* fla'-vurd. a. Having a fine taste. 

Dyer. 
FLA'VOUS*, fla'-v&s. a. [flavus, Lat.] Yellow. 

Smith. 
FL A W §, flaw. n. s. [<p\du>.] A crack or breach in any 
thing. Slmk. A fault ; defect. Bozon. A sudden 
gust; a violent blast. Sliakspeare. A tumult', a 
tempestuous uproar. Sliakspeare. A sudden com- 
motion of mi no. Shakspeare. 
To FLAW, flaw. v. a. To break ; to crack ; to dam- 
age with fissure. Boyle. To break ; to violate. 
Shakspeare. 
FLA'WLESS, flaw'-lgs. a. Without cracks ; without 
defects. Boyle. 



FLAWN,flawn. n.s. [plena, Sax.] A custard; a 
sort of pudding or pie baked in a dish. Tusser 

7\> FLATTER, flaw'-tfir. v. a. To scrape or pare 
a skin. Ainsicorth. 

FLA'WY, flaw'-e. a. Full of flaws. 

FLAX §, flaks. n. s. [pleax, jrlex, Sax/J The plant 
of which the finest thread is made. The fibres of 
flax cleansed and combed for the spinner. Shak. 

FLAOCCOMB, flaks'-kom. n. s. The instrument with 
which the fibres of flax are cleansed from the brit- 
tle parts. 

FLA'XDRESSER, flaks'-dres-s&r. n.s. He that 
prepares flax for the spinner. 

FLAXEN, flak'-s'n. 103. a. Made of flax. Thomson 
Fair, long, and flowing, as if made of flax. Addi 
son. 

FLA'XWEED, flaks'-weed. it. s. A plant. 

FLA'XY*, flaks'-e. a. Of a light colour ; fair. Sir M 
Sandys. 

To FLAY y ,fla. 221. v.a. [/?aa,lcelandick.] To strip 
off the skin. Raleigh. To take ofl' the skin or sur- 
face of any thing. Mic. iii. 

OCT There is a common pronunciation of this word, as if 
spelled flea, rhyming with sea, which is everyday grow- 
ing more vulgar. W. 

FLA'YER, fla/-fir. n. s. He that strips off the skin of 

any thing. Sherwood. 
FLEAy, Be. n.s. [plea. Sax.] A small red insect, 
remarkable for its agility m leaping, which sucks 
the blood of larger animals. Tusser. 
To FLEA, fle. v.a. To clean from fleas. 
FLE'ABANE, fle'-bane. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
FLE'ABITE, fle'-blte. > n. s. Red marks caus- 

FLF/AB1TING. ile'-bi-tlng. \ ed by fleas. Wise- 
man. A small hurt or pain, like that caused by the 
sting of a flea. Bp. Hall. 
FLE'ABITTEN, fle'-bit-f n. 103. a. Stung by fleas. 

Burton. Mean ; worthless. Cleveland. 
FLEAK, fleke. n. s, [Jloccus, Lat.] A small lock, 
thread, or twist. More. A grate, hurdle, or any- 
thing made of parts laid transverse. 
FLEAM, fleme. n. s. An instrument used to bleed 
cattle, which is placed on the vein, and then driven 
below. 
FLF/AWORT, fle'-wurt. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
To FLECK §, nek. v. a. [fleck, Germ.] To spot ; to 

streak ; to dapple. Shakspeare. 
ToFLE'CKER, flek'-ur. v.a. To spot; to mark 

with strokes or touches. 
FLE'CTION §#, fleit'-shnn. n.s. [Jlectio, Lat.] The 

act or power of bending or turning. Smith. 
FLE'CTOR*, flek'-tur. n. s. A name given to the 

muscles, more frequently called^erors. Smith. 
FLED. fled. The preterit and participle of flee. 
FLEDGE §, fledje. a. [flederen, Dutch.] Full-feather- 
ed ; able to fly. Herbert. 
To FLEDGE, fledje. v. a. To furnish with wings ; to 

supply with feathers. Ray. 
To FLEE, flee. v.n. pret. fled. To run from danger $ 

to have recourse to shelter. Gen. xix. 
FLEECE §,fleese. n.s. [];ly r ,p!e]-e,Sax.] As much 

wool as is shorn from one sheep. Bacon. 
To FLEECE, fleese. v. a. To clip the fleece of a 
sheep. To strip ; to pull ; to plunder, as a sheep 
is robbed of his wool. Addison. To whiten ; to 
spread over as with wool. Thomson. 
FLE'ECED, fleest. 359. a. Having fleeces of wool 

Spenser. 
FLE'ECER*, flee'-sfir. n. s. One who strips or plun 

ders. Prynne, 
FLE'ECY, flense. «. Woolly ; covered with wool. 
Milton. Of a light colour ; pale. Having the ap- 
pearance of fleeces of wool. Thomson. 
To FLEER $, fleer, v.n. [flyra, Iceland.] To mock; 
to gibe ; to jest with insolence and contempt. 
Shak. To leer ; to grin with an air of civility. 
Bwion. 
To FLEER*, fleer, v. a. To mock ; to flout. Beau- 
mont and Fletelier. 
FLEER, fleer, n.s. Mockery expressed either in 
words or looks, Shak. A deceitful grin of civility. 
South. 

389 



FLE 


















FLI 


[IT 559.- 


-Fate 


f^r 


fall, 


fat;- 


-me, 


mel;- 


—pine 


pin 


3 



FLE'ERER, fleer'-fir. 93. n. s. A mocker ; a fawner. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FLEET, FLEOT, FLOT, are all derived from the 
Saxon pleoc, which signifies a bay or gulf. Gib- 
son. 
FLEET, fleet, n. s. [plofca, Sax.] A company of 

ships ; a navy. Prior. 
FLEET, fleet, n. s. [pleofc, Sax.] A creek ; an inlet 

of water. Mortimei . 
FLEET §, fleet, a. [fliotr, Icelandick.] Swift of pace; 
quick ; nimble ; active. Spenser. [In the husbandry 
of some provinces.] Light; superficially fruitful. 
Mortimer. Skimming the surface. Mortimer. 
To FLEET, fleet, v.n. [pleotan, Sax.] To fly swift- 
ly; to vanish. Slvxk. To be in a transient state. 
Digby— To fleet about the water. To float. Spen- 
ser. 
To FLEET, fleet, y. a. To skim the water. To live 
merrily, or pass time away lightly. Shah. Li the 
country : to skim milk. Sir A. Weldon. 
FLE'ETFOOT*, fleel'-fut. a. Swift of foot. Shak. 
FLE'ETINGDISH, fleet'-ing-dfsh. n.s. A skimming 

bowl. 
FLE'ETLY, fleetMe. ad. Swiftly; nimbly; with 

swift pace. 
FLE'ETNESS, fleet'-nes. n.s. Swiftness of course ; 

nimbleness; celerity. Ld. Cluster field. 
FLEGM*. See Phlegm. 
FLEMING* flem'-lng. n.s. A native or inhabitant 

of the Low Countries. Sliakspeare. 
FLEMISH*, flem'-ish. a. Relating to the Flemings. 

Sluzkspeare. 
FLESH $, flesh, n.s. [plsej-c, plerc, Sax.] The body, 
distinguished from the soul. Shak. The muscles, 
distinguished from the skin, bones, tendons. St. 
Luke, xxiv. Animal food, distinguished from vege- 
table, Locke. The body of beasts or birds used in 
food, distinct from fishes. Brown. Animal nature. 
Gen. vi. Carnality ; corporal appetites. S/nal- 
ridge. A carnal state ; worldly disposition. Rom. 
viii. Near relation : a scriptural use. Gen. xxxvii. 
The outward or literal sense. The Orientals 
termed the immediate or literal signification of any 
precept or type tlie flesh, and the remote or typical 
meaning the spirit. St. John. 
To FLESH, flgsh. v.a. To initiate. Government of 
tlie Tongue. To establish in any practice. Sidney. 
To glut^ to satiate. Sliakspeare. 
FLE'SHBRO'ITLfleW-bro^/i. n.s. Broth made by 

decocting flesh. Wiseman. 
FLE'SH BRUSH*, flesh'-brush. n. s. A brush to rub 

the flesh with. Cheijne. 
FLE'SHCOLOUR, flesh'-k&l-ur. n. s. The colour 

of flesh. Locke. 
FLE'SHDIET*, flesh'-dl-et. n.s. Food consisting of 

flesh. Coventry. 
FLE'SHED*, fleW-ed, or flesht. a. Fat; having 

abundance of flesh. 
FLE'SHFLY, flesh'-fil. n. s. A fly that feeds upon 

flesh, and deposits her eggs in it. Ray. 
FLE'SHFUL*. flesh'-ful. a. Plump; fat. Huloet. 
FEE'S HHOOK, flesh'-hook. n. s. A hook to draw 

flesh, from the caldron. 1 Sam. ii. 
FLESHINESS*, flesh'-e-nes. n. s. Plumpness; ful- 
ness; fatness. Millon. 
FLE'SHLESS, flesh'-lgs. a. Without flesh. Sandys. 
FLE'SHLINESS, fl§sh'-Ie-ngs. n. s. Abundance of 
flesh, called carnosity. Huloet. Carnal passions 
or appetites. Asclutm. 
FEE'S H LING*, flesh'-ltng. n. s. A mortal set wholly 
uuon the carnal state. ' Confut. of N. Sliaxton. 
6b. T. 
FLE SIJLY, flesh'-le. a. Corporeal. Denham. Car- 
na! ; lascivious. Milton. Animal ; not vegetable. 
DryJe.t. Human ; not celestial ; not spiritual. 
Spwer. Fat; full of flesh. Huloet. 
FLE SHMEAT, flgsh'-mete. n. s. Animal food ; the 

fle«h of animals prepared for food. Floyer. 
FLE SHMENT, flesh'-ment. n. s. Eagerness gained 

by a successful initiation. Sliakspeare. 
FLE'SHMONGER, flesh'-m&ng-gur. n. s. One who 
deuls in flesh ; a pimp. Sliakspeare. 



FLE'SHPOT, flesh'-pot. n.s. A vessel in which flesh 

is cooked; thence plenty of flesh. Bp. Taylor. 
FLE'SHQUAKE, flesh'-kwake. n. s. A tremour of 

the body. B. Jonson. 
FLE'SHY, flesh'-e. a. Full of flesh; fat; musculous. 
Bacon. Pulpous; plump. Bacon. Corporeal. Ec- 
clus. xvii. 
FEET, flex participle passive of To fleet. Skimmed. 

Mortimer. 
To FLETCH$*, finish, v.a. [feche, Fr.] To feather 

an arrow. War bur-ton. 
FLE TCHER, fletsh'-ur. n. s. [flecher, old Fr.] A 

manufacturer of bows and arrows. Mortimei'. 
FLEUR de Lis*. See Flower de Luce. 
FLEW, flu. "265. The preterit of fly. 
FLEW §, flu. n. s. The large chaps of a deep-mouth 

ed hound. Hamner. 
FLE y WED, flude. 362. a. Chapped ; mouthed. Shak. 
FLEXA'NIMOUS, fleks-an'-e-mus. a. {flexanimus, 
Lat.] Having the power to change the disposition 
of the mind. ^Howell. 
FLEXIBILITY, fleks-e-bil'-e-te. n. s. The quality 
of admitting to be bent; pliancy. Newton. Easi- 
ness to be persuaded ; ductility of mind ; compli 
ance; facility. Hammond. 
FLEXIBLE Meks'-e-bl. 405. «• [flf-ribilis, Lat.] 
Possible to be bent ; not brittle ; pliant ; not stifl. 
Bacon. Not rigid ; not inexorable ; complying ; ob- 
sequious. Bacon. Ductile ; manageable. Locke 
That may be accommodated to various forms and 
purposes. Rogers. 
FLE'XIBLENESS, fleks'-e-bl-ngs. n. s. Possibility 
to be bent ; not brittleness ; easiness to be bent ; 
pliancy. K. Charles. Facility ; obsequiousness ; 
compliance. Ductility ; manageableness. Locke. 
FLE XILE, fleks'-fl. 140. a. [flexilis, Lat.] Pliant ; 
easily bent ; obsequious to any power or impulse 
Thomson. 
FLE'XION, flek'-sh&n. n. s. The act of bending 
Pearson. A double ; a bending. Bacon. A turn 
towards any part or quarter. Bacon. 
FLEXOR, fleks'-or. 166. n.s. [Lat.] The general 
name of the muscles which act in contracting the 
joints. Arbuihnot. 
FLE'XUOUS. flek'-shu-us. 452. a. [flexuosus, Lat.] 
Winding; full of turns and meanders; tortuous. 
Digby. Bending ; variable; not steady. Bacon. 
FLE'XURE, flek'-shure. n.s. [flexura, Lat.] The 
form or direction in which any thing is bent. Ray. 
The act of bending. Shak. The part bent ; the 
joint. Sandys. Obsequious or servile cringe. Shak. 
FLICK*. See Flitch. 

7*0 FLICKERS, flik'-fir. v.n. [fligheren,T)utch.] 

To flutter; to play the wings. Sha/c. To fluctuate ; 

to move with uncertain and hasty motion. Burton. 

FLFCKERMOUSE* fllk'-ur-mSuse n. s. A bat 

B. Jonson. 
FLEER, fll'-ur. n. s. [from fly.] One that runs away; 
a fugitive ; a runaway. Shak. That part of a ma- 
chine which, by being put into a more rapid mo- 
lion than the other parts, equalises and regulates 
the motion of the rest, as in a jack. Swift. 
FLIGHT, fllte. 393. n. s. The act of flying or run- 
ning from danger. Denham. The act of using 
wings ; volitalion. Spenser. Removal from place to 
place by means of wings. Shak. A flock of birds 
flying together. Bacon. The birds produced in 
the same season : as, the harvest fligld of pigeons. 
7V volley ; a shower. Swift. The space past by 
flying. Heat of imagination ; sally of the soul. 
Denlmm. Excursion on the wing. TiUotson. The 
power of flying. Shak. A particular kind of ar- 
row. B. Jonson. An ancient sport of shooting with 
arrows, called roving. Shakspeare. 
FLIGHT-SHOT*, fllte'-shot. n. s. The length which 

an arrow may fly. Leland. 
FLPGHTED* fll'-ted. a. Taking flight ; flying. 
FLFGHTINESS*, fll'-te-nes. n.s. Wildness; ir- 
regularity of conduct. 
FLI'GHTY, fli'-te. a. Fleeting; swift. Shak. Wild ; 

full of imagination. 
FLIMFLAM* flW-flam. n.s. [flim, Icel.] A freak ; 
390 



FLI 












FLO 


— 116, move 


ndr, 


n6t ; 


— lube 


tab, bfill j-oil ; 


— pfiund 


— thm, THis. 



a whim; a trick; a cheat; a petty fiction. Beautm>nt 
and Fletcher. 

FLI MSINESS*, flim'-ze-ne's. n. s. Easy texture. 
'tone. 

FLI'MSY s\ flim'-ze. a. Weak ; feeble. Mean ; spir- 
itless; without force. Pope. 

To FLINCH 6, finish, v. n. [plion, Sax.] To shrink 
from any suffering or undertaking. Soulh. To fail. 
Shakspeare. 

FLI NCHER, fltnsh'-fir. n. s. He who shrinks or fails 
in any matter. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

FLI NDERMOUSE* flin'-dar-mouse. n.s. A bat. 
Googe. 

To FLING §, fling, v. a. preter. Jung ; part, flung or 
flong. [flenga, Su.] "Io cast from the hand ; to 
throw. Shak. To dart ; to cast with violence. 
Denluun. To scatter. Milton. To drive by vio- 
lence. Burnet. To move forcibly. Addison. To 
cast. Addison. To force into another condition. 
Spenser. — To Jling away. To eject ; to dismiss. 
Shot. To fling down. To demolish ; to ruin. 
Woodward. To fling off. To baffle in the chase. 
Addison. 

To FLING, fling, v. n. To flounce ; to wince ; to fly 
into violent and irregular motions. Harmar. — Jo 

fling out. To grow unruly or outrageous. ShaJc. 
FLING, fling, n.s. A throw 



The bat. 



n. s. Unsteadiness ; 



FLI TTERMOUSE, flit'-tur-mouse. 

Middleton. 
F LI TTIN ESS*, flit'-te-n&>. 
lightness. Bp. Hopkins. 
i FLFTTING, fuV-ting. n.s. An offence; a wander- 
I ing ; a desert. Psalm. Removal. Grose. 
i FLFTTY* fllt'-te. a. Unstable. More. Ob. T. 



; a cast. A gibe ; a sneer ; 
a contemptuous remark. Shakspeare. 
FLINGEIt, ffing'-ar. 409. n.s. He who throws. 

Sherwood. He who jeers. 

FLINT §, flint, n.s. [plmc, Sax.] A semi-pellucid 

stone, composed of crystal debased, of a blackish 

gray, of one similar and equal substance, free from 

veins, and naturally invested with a whitish crust. 

Hill. Any thing eminently or proverbially hard. 

Spenser. 

FLI'NTHEART* flint'-hart. )a. Having a 

FLINTHE'ARTED*, flmt'-harV-fed. \ hard heart ; 

cruel. Shakspeare. 
FLINTY, fllnt'-e. a. Made of flint ; strong. Deut. 
xxxii. Full of stones. Bacon. Hard of heart; 
cruel ; savage. Bp. Hall. 
FLIP, flip. n. s. A cant word. A liquor much used 
in ships, made by mixing beer with spirits and su- 
gar. Dennis. 
FLIPPANCY*, fllp'-pan-se. n.s. Pertness ; brisk 

folly. 
FLIPPANT?, flip'-pant. a. Nimble; movable. It 
is used only of the act of speech. Barrow. Pert ; 
petulant; waggish. Tlwmson. 
FLIPPANTLY, flip'-pant-le. ad. In a flowing, prat- 
ins: way. 
To FLIRT §, flort. 103. v. a. [pleapbian, Sax.] 
To throw any thing with a quick, elastick mo- 
tion. Swift. To throw out words carelessly; to 
blurt. Howell. To move with quickness. "Dor- 
set. To jeer; to treat with scoffs. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 
To FLIRT, flurt. v. n. To jeer; to gibe at one. To 
run about perpetually ; to be unsteady and flutter- 
ing. To act with levity ; to be guilty of a kind of 
coquetry. 
FLIRT, flurt. n. s. A quick, elastick motion. Addison. 
A sudden trick. B. Jonson. A pert young hussy. 
Burton. A jeer; a gibe. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FLIRT*, flurt. a. Pert; wanton. Shakspeare. 
FLIRTATION, flur-ta'-shun. n. s. A quick, spright- 
Iv motion. Pope. A desire of attracting notice. 
Lord Chesterfield. 
7bFLIT$,fllt. r. n. [fly tier, Ban.] To fly away. 
Spenser. To remove; to migrate. Hooker. To 
flutter; to rove on the wing. Dryden. To be flux 
or unstable. Spenser. 
To FLIT*, flit. r. a. To remove out of its place; to 

dispossess. Chancer. 
FLIT. ffit. a. Swift. Spenser. Ob. J. 
FLITCH, flitsh. n. s. [plicce, Sax.] The side of a 

hog salted and cured. Skelion. 
To FLITTERS*, flh'-tur. v. n. [a corruption ot flut- 
ter.] To be in agitation. Chaucer. 
FLPTTER*, flit'-tur. n. s. [ fletia, Icel.] A rag ; a 
tatter. Aubrey. 



jFLIX, fliks. n. s. Down; fur; soft hair, [corrupted 
I from flax.] Dryden. Dysentery. 
FLI'XWOOD, fliks'-wud. ji. s. A plant. 
|FLO* flo. n.s. [pla, Sax.] An arrow. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 
\ To FLOAT $, flote. 295. v. n. [pleotan, Sax.] To 
swim on the surface of the water. Shak. To move 
without labour in a fluid. Dryden. To pass with 
a light, irregular course. Locke. 
To FLOAT, flote. v. a. To cover with water. Dry- 
den. 
FLOAT, fl6te. n. s. The act of flowing ; the flux. 
Hooker. Any body so contrived or formed as to 
swim upon the water. 1 Esdras, v. The cork or 
quill by which the angler discovers the bite of a 
fish. Walton. A cant word for a level. Mortimer. 
A wave. Shakspeare. 
FLCATER* fl^-tur. n. s. One who floats or sails 

upon. Eusden. 
FLO'ATING*, fiW-ting. n.s. The act of being con- 
veyed by the stream. Wliitlock. 
FLO'ATY. flo'-te. a. Buoyant and swimming on the 

surface. Raleigh. 
FLOCK §j flok. n. s. [plocc, Sax.] A company ; usu- 
ally a company of birds or beasts. Shak. A com- 
pany of sheep, distinguished from herds, which are 
of oxen. Milton. A body of men. 2 Mace. xiv. 
[From floccus.] A lock of wool. Dryden. 
To FLOCK, flolc. v. n. To gather in crowds or large 

numbers. Knolles. 
FLO'CKLY*, flok'-le. ad. In a body; in a heap. 

Huloet. Ob. T. 
To FLOG, flog. v. a. [flagrum, Lat.] To lash ; to 
whip. Swift. 
j FLONG, old part. pass, from fling. 
FLOOD ^, flud. 308. n.s. [plob, Sax] A body of 
water ; the sea ; a river. Psalm lxxii. A deluge; 
an inundation. Shak. Flow ; flux ; the swelling of 
a river by ram or inland flood. Dairies. The gen- 
eral deluge. Brown. Catamenia. Harvey. 
To FLOOD, flfid. r. a. To deluge ; to cover with 
waters. Mortimer. 
j FLO'ODGATE, flfid'-gate. n. s. Gate or shutter by 
which the water course is closed or opened. Sidney. 
FLO'ODMARK*, fl&d'-mark. n. s. High-water 
mark ; the mark which the sea makes on the shore 
at flowing water, and the highest tide. 
1 FLOOK, fl6Sk. 306. n. s. [pflug, Germ.] The broad 
part of the anchor which takes hold of the ground. 
A flounder ; a flat river fish. 
FLOORS, flore. 310. n.s. [plop, plope,Sax.] The 
pavement : a pavement is always of stone, the floor 
i of wood or stone. Sidney. A story ; a flight of 
j rooms. B. Jonson. 

To FLOOR, flore. v. a. To cover the bottom with a 
! floor. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 
FLO'ORING, flo'-ring. n. s. Bottom ; pavement. 

Wotton. 
To FLOP, flop. r. a. [from flap.] To clap the wings 

with noise. V Estrange. 
FLORAL, flo'-ral. a. [Jloralis, Lat.J Relating to 

Flora, or to flowers. Prior. 
FLO'REN, florin, n. s. A gold coin of Edward III. 

F. Tlnjnne. 
FLORENCE, flor'-ense. n. s. [from the city Flo- 
rence.] A kind of cloth. Diet. A kind of wine im- 
ported from Florence. A gold coin of Edward III. 
in value six shillings. Camden. 
FLORENTINE*, fldr'-cn-tme. n.s. A Dative of 

Florence. A sort of silk so named. 
FLO'RET, flo'-reL n. s. [fleurette, Fr.] A small im- 
perfect flower. A foil, [floret, Fr.] Government of 
the Tongue. 
FLO'RIAGE*. fl<V-re-aje. n.s. [flori, Fr.] Blocra 
blossom. J. Scott. 

391 



FLO 



FLO 



HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin 5- 



FLO'RID$, fl&r'-M. 544. a. [floridus, Lat.] Produc- 
tive of flowers 3 covered with flowers. Sir T. 
Brown. Bright in colour ; flushed with red. Bp. 
Taylor. Embellished ; splendid ; brilliant with 
decorations. Dryden. 

FLORl'DITY,fl6-rld'-e-te. n.s. Freshness of colour. 
Floyer. 

FLORIDLY*, fl6r'-fd-le. ad. In a showy and im- 
posing- way. A. Wood. 

FLO'RIDNESS, ftfr'-'id-^s. n. s. Freshness of col- 
our. Evelyn. Vigour; spirit. Feltlutm. Embel- 
lishment; ambitious elegance. Boyle. 

FLORI'FEROUS, fl6-rif-fe-rfis. 518. a. [florifer, 
Lat.] Productive of flowers. 

FLO'RIN, flor'-'fn. n. s. [Fr.] A coin first made by 
the Florentines. That of Germany is in value 
2s. 4d. ; that of Spain 4s. 4d. halfpenny ; that of Pa- 
lermo and Sicily 2s. 6d. ; that of Holland 2s. Ay- 
life. 

FLORIST, fld'-rlst. n. s. [fleurute, Fr.] A cultiva- 
tor of flowers. Sir H. Wotton. 

Dij" Why we should pronounce florist and floret with the 
long 0, and florid and florin with the short sound of that 
letter, cannot easily be guessed. They are all from the 
same original, are all anglicised, and consist but of two 
syllables ; and the only thing that can be gathered from 
them, is, the uncertainty of arguing from the Latin 
quantity to ours. — See Drama, and Principles, No. 
544. W. 

FLORULENT, flor'-ta-lent. a. Flowery; blossom- 
ing. 

FLOSCULOUS, flos'-ku-lus. a. [flosculus, Lat.] 
Composed of flowers. 

FLOTA§*, fkV-ta. n. s. [Spanish.] A fleet of ships 
which carry out the goods of Europe to the ports 
of America, and bring back the produce of Mexico, 
Peru, and other places. Burke. 

FLO'TAGE*, fkV-taje. n. s. [flotage, Fr.] That 
which floats on the top of the sea, or great rivers. 
Chambers. 

To FLOTE, fl6te. v. a. To skim. Tusser. 

FLOTFLLA*, fl6-tflMa. n. s. Any number of small 

VGSSCl.S. 

FLOTSON, FLOTZAM, or FLOATSAM, fl&f- 
sftn, or flot'-zam. n. s. Goods that swim without an 
owner on the sea. Blackstone. 

FLO'TTEN, fl&t'-tn. part. Skimmed. Skinner. 

To FLOUNCE §, flounse. 312. v.u. [plonsen, Dutch.] 
To move with violence in the water or mire ; to 
struggle or dash in the water. Addison. To move 
with weight and tumult. Prior. To move with 
passionate agitation. Swift. 

To FLOUNCE, fMnse. v.a. To deck with flounces. 
Addison. 

FLOUNCE, flounse. n. s. Any thing sewed to the 
garment, and hanging loose, so as to swell and 
shake. Guardian. A dash in the water. 

FLO UNDER, fldiW-dfir. 312. n. s. [flijnder, Dan.] 
A small flat fish. Camden. 

ToFLO'UNDER^aiW-d&r. v.n. [from flounce] 
To struggle with violent and irregular motions. 
Dryden. 

FLOUR*, flour, n. s. The edible part of corn ; the 
meal. 

FLO'URET*. See Floweret. 

To FLO'URISH §, fl&r'-rfsh. 314. v. n. [floreo, Lat.] 
To be in vigour; not to fade. Psalm xcii. To be 
in a prosperous state. Dryden. To use florid lan- 
guage. Watts. To describe various figures by 
intersecting lines. Pope. To boast ; to brag. [In 
musick.] To play some prelude without any settled 
rule. Barret. 

To FLO'URISH, fkV-r?sh. v.a. To adorn with 
vegetable beauty. Fenton. To adorn with figures 
of needle-work. To work with a needle into fig- 
ures. Bacon. To move any thing in quick circles 
or vibi ations. Crashaw. To adorn with embellish- 
ments of language. Bacon. To adorn ; to embel- 
lish. Shakspeare. 

FLO'URISH, fhV-rfsh. n.s. Vigour; state of strength 
or prosperity. Howell. Bravery; beauty. Sliak. 
An ostentatious embellishment; ambitious copious- 



ness. Bacon. Figures formed by lines curiously or 
wantonly drawn. Boyle. A kind of musical pre- 
lude. Crasluxw. A blossom. Grose. 

FLO'URISHER, fhV-r'ish-ur. n. s. One that is in 
prime or prosperity. Chairman. 

FLOURISHINGLY*, fl&r'-rlsh-lng-le. ad. Ostenta- 
tiously. Bale. In an embellished manner of speak- 
ing. Barret. 

To FLOUT $, flfi&t. 312. v.a. [phtan, Sax] To 
mock ; to insult ; to treat with mockery and con- 
tempt. Shakspeare. 

To FLOUT, fl6fit. v. n. To practise mockery ; to be- 
have with contempt ; to sneer. Sliakspeare. 

FLOUT, flout, n. s. A mock; an insult; a word or 
act of contempt. Bacon. 

FLOTJTER, flou'-tur. n.s. One who jeers. Burton. 

FLOUTINGLY*, fldut'-'ing-le. ad. In an insulting 
manner. 

To FLOW §, fl6. 324. v. n. [plopan, Sax.] To run 
or spread as water. Swift. To run : opposed to 
standing waters. Dryden. To rise ; not to ebb. 
Sliak. To melt. Isaiah, lxiv. To proceed ; to is- 
sue. Slmk. To glide smoothly, without asperity. 
Hakewill. To write smoothly ; to speak volubly. 
Dryden. To abound ; to be crowded. Chapman. 
To be copious ; to be full. Sliak. To hang loose 
and waving. Spectator. 

To FLOW, fl6. v. a. To overflow; to deluge. Mor- 
timer. 

FLOW, fl6. n.s. The rise of water; not the ebb. 
Brown. A sudden plenty or abundance. Pope. A 
stream of diction; volubility of tongue. South. 

FLO'WER §, fldu'-ur. 98, 323. n. s. [flair, Fr.] The 
part of a plant which contains the seeds. Miller. 
An ornament ; an embellishment. Clarendon. The 
prime ; the flourishing part. Pope. The edible 

[)art of corn ; the meal. Spenser. The most excel- 
ent or valuable part of anything; quintessence. 
Hooker. That which is most distinguished for any 
thing valuable. Shakspeare. See Flour. 

FLOWER de Luce, ftfu'-ur-de-luse 7 . n. s. [fleur-de- 
lis, Fr.] A bulbous ins. Miller. 

To FLCKWER, fl6u'-ur. v. n. [fleurir,Fr.] To be 
in flower; to bloom. Spenser. To be in the prime ; 
to flourish. Spenser. To froth; to ferment; to 
mantle. Bacon. To come as cream from the sur- 
face. Milton. 

To FLOWER, flou'-fir. v. a. To adorn with fic- 
titious or imitated flowers. 

FLOWER-GENTLE*, fkW-ur-jen'-tl. n.s. A spe- 
cies of amaranth. B. Jonson. 

FLOWER-INWOVEN*, flotV-ur-ln-wd'-vn. a. 
Adorned with flowers. Milton. 

FLOWERAGE, flou'-fir-aje. n.s. Store of flowers. 
Diet. 

FLO'WERET, fM'-ur-el. n. s. [fleuret, Fr.] A 
flower ; a small flower. Spenser. 

FLO'WERGARDEN, ftfu'-ur-gar-dn. n.s. A gar- 
den in which flowers are principally cultivated. 
Mortimer. 

FLO'WERINESS, flSfV-ur-e-nes. n. s. The state of 
abounding in flowers. Cotgrave. Floridness of 
speech. 

FLO WERING*, flSu'-ur-ing. n. s. State of blossom. 
A sort of froth. Bacon. 

FLQ'WERINGBUSH, flo&'-ur-fng-bush. n. s. A 
plant. 

FLO'WERLESS*, flou'-fir-lSs. a. Without a flower. 
Chaucer. 

FLOWERY, fl6u'-fir-e. a. Full of flowers; adorned 
with flowers, reM or fictitious. Milton. 

FLOWERY-KIRTLED*, fl6u'-ur-e-key-tld. a. 
[flowery and kirlle.~] Dressed in robes or garlands 
of flowers. Milton. 

FLO' WING*, hW-?ng. n. s. The rise of the water ; 
the flow. Bp. Taylor. 

FLO'WlNGLY^'-mg-le.ad. With volubility ; with 
abundance. Slierwood. 

FLO'WINGNESS*, fkV-ing-nes. n. s. A stream of 
diction. Nichols. 

FLOWK, fluke, n.s. [ploc, Sax.] A flounder. Ca- 
retw. 

392 



FLU 



FLY 



-no, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull;— oil ;— pdund ; — Min, THis. 



FLO'WKWORT. fluke'-wflrt. n. 5. A plant. 

FLOWN, flone. Participle offly. Gone away. AfiZ- 
toj. Puffed ; inflated ; elate. M<lton. 

FLU'CTUANT, fluk'-tshu-ant. 461. a. [fluctuans, 
Lat.] Wavering; uncertain. Pearson. 

!To FLUCTUATES, fluk'-tshu-ate. ».n. [/wrfuo, 
Lat.l To roll to and again, as water in agitation. 
Blackmore. To float backward and forward. To 
move with uncertain and hasty motion. Milton. 
To be in an uncertain state. Aadison. To be irres- 
olute ; to be undetermined. 

FLUCTUATION, fluk-tshu-a / -<shun. n. s. [fluctua- 
tio, Lat.] The alternate motion of the water. Brown. 
Uncertainty ; indetermination. Boyle. Violent agi- 
tation. Bp". Taylor. 

FLUE, fl6. 335. n.s. A small pipe or chimney to con- 
vey air. Pegge. Soft down or fur. 

FLUE'LLIN, flu-el'-lin. n.s. The herb speedwell. 

FLU'ENCE* flu'-eW. n. s. Copiousness ; readi- 
ness. Whillock. Ob. T. 

FLU'ENCY, flu'-en-se. n. s. The quality of flowing; 
smoothness; freedom from harshness or asperity. 
Garth. Readiness ; copiousness ; volubility. King 
Charles. Affluence; abundance. Sandys. 

FLUENT $, flu'-ent. a. [fluens, Lat.] Liquid. Bacon. 
Flowing ; in motion ; m flux. Ray. Ready ; co- 
pious ; "voluble. Bacon. 

FLU'ENT, fluent, n. s. Stream; running water. 
Phillips. In the doctrine of fluxions: flowing quan- 
titv. Bp. Berkley. 

FLUENTLY, fliV-ent-le. ad. With ready flow; 
volubly ; readily. Spenser. 

FLU'1D§, flu'-id. a. [fluidus, Lat.] Having parts 
easily separable ; not solid. Neioton. 

FLU'LQ, flu'-id. n. s. Any thing not solid. Chambers. 
[In physick.] Any animal jmce. Arbuthnot. 

FLUIDITY, flu-id'-e-te. n. s. The quality in bodies 
opposite to stability. Newton. 

FLU1DNESS, flu'-id-nes. n.s. That quality in bodies 
opposite to stability. Boyle. 

FLUKE*. See Floor and Flowk. 

FLUME*, n. s. [rlum, Sax.] A river. Wiclijfe. 
Ob. T. 

FLU'MMERY, fl&m'-ur-e. n. s. \_llymru, W^elshJ A 
kind of food made bv coagulation of wheat-flour 
or oatmeal. Locke. Flattery. 

FLUNG, flung, participle and preterit of fling. 

FLU'OR,&{j^-ot.166. n. s. [Lat.] A fluid state. 
Newton. Catamenia. 

FLU'RRYS, fifty-re. n. s. A gust or storm of wind; 
a hasty blast. Swift. Hurry; a violent commo- 
tion. Swinburne. 

To FLU'RRY* flur'-re. v. a. To keep in agitation; 
to alarm. Swinburne. 

To FLUSH S, flush, v. n.[flmjsen, Dutch.] To flow j 
with violence. Ray. To come in haste. Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. To glow in the skin. Milton. 
To shine suddenly. Spenser. 

To FLUSH, flush, v. a. To colour ; to redden. Ad- 
dison. To elate ; to elevate. South. To put up ; 
to spring. B. Jonson. 

r LUSH, flush, a. Fresh ; full of vigour. Sluxk. Af- 
fluent; abounding. Arbuthnot. Conceited; ele- 
vated in opinion. Bp. Hopkins. 

FLUSH, flush, n. s. Afflux; sudden impulse; violent 
flow. Ray. Cards all of a sort. Bloom ; growth ; 
abundance. Goldsmith. A term for a number of 
ducks. Spenser. 

FLU'SHER*, flush'-ftr. n. s. The lesser butcher bird. 
Chambers. 

FLU'SHING*, fl&sh'-ing. n. s. Colour in the face by 

a sudden afflux of blood. Bp. Taylor. 
To FLU STER, fl&s'-t&r. r. a. [from To flush] To 
make hot and rosy with drinking. Shak. To con- 
found ; to hurry. Swift. 
To FLU'STER S*, fl&s'-tur. v. n. [flughs, Teut. and 
Germ.] To be in a bustle; to make much ado 
about little. Soutli. 
FLU'STER*, fl&s'-tur. n.s. Sudden impulse ; violent 

flow. South. 
FLU'STERED*, fl&s'-turd. a. Heated with liquor ; 
half drunk. Addison. 
50 



FLUTED, flute, n. s. [flute, Fr.] A musical pipe ; a 
pipe with stops for the fingers. Di-yden. A chan- 
nel or furrow in a pillar, like the concave of a flute 
split. 

To FLUTE., flute, v. n. To play on the flute. Cliau- 
cer. 

To FLUTE*, flute, v. a. To cut columns into hollows. 
Cotgrave. 

FLU'TER*, flu'-tur. n. s. One who plays on the 
flute. Cotgrave. 

To FLUTTERS, flut'-tur. 98. v. n. [plotepan, 
Sax.] To take short flights with great agitation of 
the wings. Deut. xxxii. To move about with great 
show and bustle without consequence. Grew. To 
be moved with quick vibrations or undulations. 
Pope. To move irregularly. Howell. 

To FLUTTER, fl&t'-tur. v. a. To drive in disorder, 
like a flock of birds suddenly roused. Shak. To 
hurry the mind. To disorder the position of any 
thing. Milton. 

FLUTTER, flut'-tur. n. s. Vibration ; undulation. 
Addison. Hurry ; tumult ; disorder of mind. Con- 
fusion ; irregular position. 

FLUTTERING*, flul'-t&r-ing. R. s. Tumult of 
mind ; agitation. Thomson. 

FLUVIATICK, fli'i-ve-at'-ik. a. [fluviaticus, Lat.] 
Belonging to rivers. 

FLUXS, Auks. n. s. [fluxus, Lat.] The act of flow- 
ing; passage. Digby. The state of passing away 
and giving place To others. Browm. Any flow or 
issue of matter. Arbuthnot. Dysentery; bloody 
flux. Halifax. Excrement; that which falls from 
bodies. Shak. Concourse ; confluence. Shak. The 
stale of being melted. That which, mingled with a 
body, makes it melt. 

FLUX, fluks.u. Unconslant; not durable; maintain- 
ed by a constant succession of parts. Ld. Baling- 
broke. 

To FLUX, fl&ks. v. a. To melt. To salivate ; to 
evacuate by spitting. South. 

FLUXATION*, fluks-a'-shun. n. s. The state of 
passing away and giving place to others. Leslie. 

FLU'XIBLE*, fifiks'-e-bf. a. Not durable ; chang- 
ing. Howell. 

FLUXIBI'LITY*, fluks-e-bll'-e-ie. n. s. Aptness to 
flow or spread. Cockeram. 

FLUX1L1TY, fl&ks-il'-e-te. n.s. Easiness of sepa- 
ration of parts. Boyle. 

FLUXION, fluk'-shun. n. s. [fliurio, Lat.] The act 
of flowing. Cotgrave. The matter that flows. 
Wiseman. [In mathematicks.] The arithmelick 
or analysis of infinitely small variable quantities. 
Hams. 

FLU'XIONARY*, fluk'-shun-a-re. a. Relating to 
mathematical fluxions. Bp. Berkeley. 

FLU'XIONIST* fluk'-shun-lst. ji. s. One skilled in 
the doctrine of fluxions. Bp. Berkeley. 

FLU'XIVE*, fluks'-iv. a. Flowing with tears. Shak. 
Wanting solidity. B. Jonson. 

FLU'XURE*, flftk'-shure. n. s. The actor power of 
flowing. B. Jonson. Fluid matter. Drayton. 

To FLYS.fll. pret.fleicorfled; part./erf orfloivn. v.n. 
[pleo£an, Sax.] To move through the air with 
wings. Gen. i. To pass through the air. Job, v. 
To pass away. Prior. To pass swiftly. Dryden. 
To move with rapidity. Dryden. To" part with 
violence. Shak. To break; to shiver; to burst 
asunder with a sudden explosion. Swift. To run 
away; to attempt escape. 1 Sam. xxii. — To fly at. 
To spring with violence upon ; to fall on suddenly. 
Bacon. To hawk; to calch birds by means of 
hawks. Sluik. To fly back. To start ; to become 
restiff, as a horse. To fly in the face. To insult. 
Swift. To act in defiance. Dryden. To fly oft. 
To revolt. Shak. To fly on. To spring with vio- 
lense upon ; to fly at. Shak. To fly out. To 
burst into passion. B. Jonson. To break out into 
license. Dryden. To start violently from any di- 
rection. Bentley. To let fly. To discharge. Gran- 
ville. To be light and unencumbered; as, a flying 
camp. To float in the air; as, colours flying. 

To FLY, fll. v. a. To shun ; to avoid j to decline. 



FOD FOL 




. O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pm;— 





S/uz&. To refuse association with. Dryden. To 
quit by flight. Dryden. To attack by a bird of 
prey. Bacon. To cause to fly, or float in the air. 
FLY, fli. n. s. [pleofte, Sax.] A small winged in- 
sect, of many species. Locke. That part of a ma- 
chine, which, being put into a quick motion, regu- 
lates the rest. Willcins. That part of a vane which 
points how the wind blows. A stage-coach, so 
called to impress a belief of its extraordinary quick- 
ness in travelling. A flatterer. Massinger. 
FLYBITTEN*, fll'-blt-tn. a. Stained by the bites 

of flies. Slmkspeare. 
FLYBLOW §* fll'-blA. n.s.JJly and blow.] The 
Fletcher. 
v. a. To taint with flies ; 
•g-ots. Stilling fleet. 

n. s. A kind of vessel nimble 
f„ Draijton. 
-katsh-ur. n. s. One that hunts 



egg- of a fly. Beaumont and 
7Y> FLY'BLOW, fll'-M6. 



One that flies or runs away. 
Goodman. The 



n. s. Plants. 



FLYBOAT, fli^bote 
and light for sailin 

FLYCATCHER, fli 
flics. Dryden. 

FLYER, fll'-fir. 98. ? 
Warner. One that uses wings 
fly of a jack. 

To FLY'FISH, fll'-flsh. v. n. To angle with a hook 
baited with a fly. Walton. 

FLYFLAP*, fll'-flap. n. s. A fan or flapper to keep 
flies off. SMdon. 

FLYING-FISH*, fli'-ing-fish. n. s. A fish of the 
gurnard kind. Sir T. Herbert. 

FOAL §, flic. 295. n. s. [pola, Sax.] The offspring 
of a mare, or other beast of burthen. Spenser. 

To FOAL, fole. v. a. To bring forth a foal. Shak. 

To FOAL, f6le. v. n. To be disburdened of the foe- 
tus. Mortimer. 

FO'ALBIT, f&le'-blt. 

FO'ALFOOT, f6le / -fut 

FOAM$, f6me. 295. n. s. ; [peem, Sax.] The white 
substance which agitation or fermentation gathers 
on the top of liquors ; froth ; spume. Hos. x. 

To FOAM*, f&me. v. a. To cast out froth ; to throw 
forth. St. Jude. 

To FOAM, f6me. v.n. To froth 3 to gather foam. 
Shak. To be in rage ; to be violently agitated. 
St. Mark, ix. 

FO'AMINGLY*, fime'-mg-le. ad. Slaveringly; 
frothily. Sherwood. 

FO'AMY, f6 / -me. a. Covered with foam; frothy. 
Sidney. 

FOB§, fob. n. s. [fuppe, Germ.] A small pocket. 
Addison. 

To FOB, fob. v. a. [fuppen, Germ.] To cheat ; to 
trick ; to defraud. Shak.— To fob off. To shift off; 
to put aside with an artifice. Shakspeare. 

FO'CAL, ftV-kal. 88. a. [from focus.] Belonging to 
the focus. Derham. 

FO'CIL, fos'-ll. n, s. [focile, Fr.] The greater or less 
bone between the knee and ankle, or elbow and 
wrist. Wiseman. 

FOCILLA'TION, fds-Il-a'-shfin. n.s. [focillo, Lat.] 
Comfort ; support. Diet. 

FO'CUS, f&'-kfis. n.s. [Lat.] [In opticks.] The fo- 
cus of a glass is the point of convergence or con- 
course, where the rays meet and cross the axis 
after their refraction by the glass. Newton. — Focus 
of a parabola. A point in the axis within the 
figure, and distant from the vertex by a fourth part 
of the parameter. Harris. Focus of an ellipsis. 
A point towards each end of the longer axis, from 
whence two right lines, being drawn to any point in 
the circumference, shall be together equal to that 
longer axis. Harris. Focus oftlie hyperbola. A 
point in the principal axis, within the opposite hy- 
perbolas, from which if auy two right lines are 
arawn, meeting in either of the opposite hyper- 
bolas, the difference will be equal to the principal 
axis. Diet. 

KO'DDER§, fod'-d&r. n. s. [poftep, Sax.l Dry food 

stored up for cattle against winter. KnoUes. 
To FO'DDER, fod'-d&r. v. a. To feed with dry 
food. Evelyn. 

FODDERER, fod'-d&r-rur. n. s. He who fodders 
cattle. Sherwood. 



FOE§, f6. 296. n. s. [pah, Sax.] An enemy in war. 

Spenser. A persecutor ; an enemy in common life. 

Shak.^ An opponent ; an ill-wisher. Watts. 
To FOE*, f6. v. a. To treat as an enemy. Spenser. 

Ob. T. ' * 

FO'EHOOD*, f&'-h&d. [pah and hab, Sax.] Enmi- 
ty. Bp. Bedell. t • , - ~ 
FO'ELIKE*, fi'-like. a. In the character of an ene- 
my. Sandys. 
FOREMAN, f6 / -man. n.s. Enemy in war; antago- 
nist. Spenser. Obi J. 
FO'ETUS, fe'-tus. 296. n. s. [Lat.] The child in the 

womb after it is perfectly formed ; but before, it is 

called embryo. Q,uincy. 
FOG $, f6g. n. s. [fog, Dan.] A thick mist ; a moist, 

dense vapour near the surface of the land or water 

Raleigh. 
FOG, fog. n. s. [fogagium, low Lat.] Aftergrass ; 

which grows in autumn after the nay is mown. 

Drayton. 
To FOG*, fog. v. a. To overcast ; to darken. Sher 

wood. 
To FOG §*, fog. v. n. [vogue, Fr.] To have powei 

Milton. 
FO GAGE*, fog'-aje. n. s. In the forest law, rank 

grass, not eaten in the summer. Chambers. 
FOGGILY, fog'-ge-ie. 383. ad. Mistily; darkly, 

cloudily. 
FO'GGINESS, fog'-ge-nes. n. s. The state of being 

dark or misty; cloudiness; mistiness. 
FOGGY, fog'-ge. 383. a. Misty; cloudy; dank 

Sidney. Cloudy in understanding; dull. Hat 

ward. 
FOH, fdh ! inteject. [pah, Sax.] An interjection of 

abhorrence. Shakspeare. 
FO'IBLE*, foe'-bl. a. [Fr.] Weak. Ld. Herbert. 
FOTBLE, f&'-bl. 299,405. n.s. A weak side; a 

blind side ; a failing. Friend. 
To FOIL§, 1811. v. a. [affoler, old Fr.] To put to the 

worst; to defeat. Milton, [fouiller, Fr.] To blunt ; 

to dull. Shak. To defeat; to puzzle. Addison. 
FOIL, f611. 299. n. s. A defeat ; a miscarriage. Shak. 

[feuille, Fr.] Leaf; gilding. Spenser. Something 

of another colour, near which jewels are set to raise 

their lustre. Sidney, [fouiller, Fr.] A blunt sword 
The steel of a 



used in fencing. Shak 

glass. Chambers. 
FOTLABLE*, fdlF-a-bl 

Cotgrave. 
FOTLER, fd)l'-ur. n.s 

vantage over another. 
FOILING*, ffiY-hg.n.. 



looking- 
a. Which may be foiled. 
One who has gained ad- 
Among hunters, the mark, 



barely visible, where deer have passed over grass. 

To FOIN§, fdln. 299. v. n. [poindre, Fr.] To push in 
fencing. Spenser. 

To FOIN*, fojta. v. a. To prick ; to sting. Huloet. 

FOIN, fom. n. s. A thrust ; a push. Robinson. 

FO ININGLY, f6m'-?ng-le. ad. In a pushing manner. 

FOTSON, foe'-zn. 170. n. s. [fusio, Lat.] Plenty ; 
abundance. Tusser. Ob. J. 

To FOIST §, ffiist. 299. v. a. [fausser, Fr.] To insert 
by forgery ; to falsify. Careiv. 

FOIST*, foist, n. s. [Juste, old Fr.] A light and swift 
ship. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FO'ISTER*, fdlst'-ur. n.s. A falsifier; a liar. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 

FO'ISTIEDS*, f&ls'-tld. a. Mustied ; vinnewed. 
Huloet. 

FOISTINESS, fols'-te-ngs. n. s. Fustiness; moodi- 
ness. Tusser. 

FO'ISTY, fSls'-te. a. Mouldy ; fusty. Favour, Antiq. 
Triumph over Novelty. 

FOLDS, fold. n.s. [palaeb, palb, Sax.] The ground 
in which sheep are confined. Milton.. The place 
where sheep are housed. Numb, xxxii. The flock 
of sheep. Dryden. A limit; a boundary. Creech. 
An enclosure of any kind ; as, foldgarth. A double ' y 
a complication ; one part added to another. Shak. 
From the foregoing signification is derived the use 
of fold in composition. Fold signifies the same 
quantity added : as, twenty-jold, twenty times re- 
peated. St. Mail. xiii. 

394 



FOL 



FOO 



—no, mftvo. nor, not;— tube, tftb, bflll ;— oil ',— pound;— thin, THis. 



To FOLD, fold, v. a. To shut sheep in the fold. 
Mi/ton. To double; to complicate. //<■/>. i. To 
enclose ; to include ; to shut. Shaispeare. 

To FOLD, fold. i\ n. To close over another of the 
same kind. 1 Kings, vi. 

FOLDER*, lold-ftr. n.s. One who folds up any 
thing. Hitlod. 

VO LDING*, fold'' -nig;, n.s. Applied to sheep, means 
the keeping- them on arable lands within folds 
made of hurdles. Bacon. 

FOLE*. See Foat.. 

FOLIA'CEOUS, fo-le-a'-shus. a. Ubliaceus, Lat.] 
( "onsisting of laminae or leaves. Woodward. 

FOLIAGE*, fo'-le-adje. 90. n.s. [folium, Lat.] 
Leaves; tufts of leaves. Addison. 

To FOLIAGE* fo'-le-adje. v. a. To work so as to 
represent foliage. Drnmmond. 

To FOLIATE, fo'-le-ate. v. a. [foliatus, Lat.] To 
beat into lamina? or leaves. Bacon. 

FOLIATION, fd-le-a'-shfin. n.s. The act of beat- 
ing into thin leaves. Foliation is one of the parts 
of the flower, being the collection of those fugacious 
coloured leaves called petala, which constitute the 
compass of the flower. Quiiici/. 

FOL1ATURE, fo'-le-a-tshure. n. s. The state of be- 
iug hammered into leaves. Shuck ford. 

FOL1ER*, fo'-le-Cir. n.s. [foelf, Dutch.] .* Gold- 
smith's foil. Hist. R. Soc. 

FO'LIO, fo'-le-o. n. s. [in folio, Lat J A leaf or 
page of a book. A large book of which the pages 
are formed by a sheet of paper once doubled. 
Walls. 

FO'LIOMORT, fo'-le-o-mort. a. [folium mortuum, 
Lat.] A dark vellow ; the colour of a leaf faded 3 
vulgarly called filemot. Woodward. 

FOLIOT* fo'-l£6t. 7i. s. [foldto, ltal.] A kind of 
demon. Burton. 

FOLIOUS*, fo'-le-tis. a. Leafy ; thin and unsub- i 
slantial as a leaf. Brown. 

FOLKS, loke. n.s. [pole, Sax. — It is properly a 
collective noun, and has no plural, but by modern 
corruption.] People, in familiar language. Sidney.] 
Nations ; mankind. Ps. lvii. Any kind of people, I 
as discriminated from others. Bacon. 

35° Notwithstanding this word is originally plural, our 
language is so little used to a plural without s, that 
folks may now be accounted the best orthography, as 
it is certainly the only current pronunciation. W. 

FO'LKLAND*, foke'-land. n. s. [polclanb, Sax.] 
Copyhold land. Burke 

FOLKMOTE, foke'-mote. n. s. [polcmofe, Sax.] A 
meeting of people. Burke. 

FOLLICLE, fol'-le-kl. 405. n.s [folliculus, Lat.] A 
cavity in any lx)dy with strong coats. Broicn. [In 
botany.] The seed vessels, capsula seminalis, or 
case, which some fruits and seeds have over them. 
Quincij. 

FOLLIFUL* fol'-le-ful. a. Full of foil v. Shenslofte. 

FO'LLILY*,fol'-le-le.«^. Foolishly. Wicliffe.Ob. T. 

To FOLLOW §, folMo. 327. v.*. [pol^'ian.Sax.] 
To go after ; not before, nor side by side. Shak. 
To pursue as an enemy ; to chase. Dry den. To 
accompany ; not to forsake. Milton. To attend as 
a dependant. 1 Sam. xvii. To go after. Sidney. 
To succeed in order of time. Milton. To be con- 
sequential in argument. Milton. To imitate; to 
copy as a pupil. Hooker. To obey ; to observe as 
a guide. Tillolson. To pursue as an object of de- 
sire. Hebrews, xii. To confirm by new endeavours. 
Spenser. To attend to ; to be busied with. Ecclus. 
xxix. 
To FO'LLOW, fol'-l6. w. n. To come after another. 
Jer. xlii. To attend servilely. Shaft. To be pos- 
terior in time. Milton. To be consequential, as 
effect to cause. Locke. To be consequential, as 
inference to premises. Temple. To continue en- 
deavours ; to persevere. Hos. vi. 

FOLLOWER, fol'-l6-ur. n.s. One who comes after 
another ; not before him, nor side by side. Shak. 
One who observes a guide. So7rth. An attendant 
or dependant. Pope. An associate ; a companion. 
Shak. One under the command of another. 



Spenser. A scholar; an imitator; a copier. 1 
Cor. xi. 

FO'LLY, fol'-le. n.s. [follie, old Fr.] Want of un- 
derstanding; weakness of intellect. Hawkesworth. 
( Yiminal weakness ; depravity of mind. Dent. xxii. 
Act of negligence or passion unbecoming gravity 
or deep wisdom. Shak. 

To FOME'NTJ, fo-ment'. V. a. [fomentor, Lat.] To 
cherish with heat. Milton. To bathe with warm 
Unions. Arbuthnot. To encourage; to cherish 
Wottou. 

FOMENTATION, fo-men-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Partial 
bathing, called also stuping, which is applying hot 
flannels to any part, dipped in medicated decoc- 
tions. Qnincy. The lotion prepared to foment the 
parts. Arbuthnot. Excitation ; encouragement. 
Sir H. Wotton. 

FOME'NTER, fo-men'-tur. n.s. One that foments ; 
an encourager ; a supporter. Howell. 

FON, fon. n. s. [faane, Su. Goth, and lcel.] A fool; 
an idiot. Spenser. 

FOND §, fond. a. Foolish; silly; indiscreet; impru 
dent; injudicious. Hooker. "Trilling; valued bv 
folly. Shak. Foolishly lender ; injudiciously indul- 
gent. Addison. Pleased in too great a degree ; 
foolishly delighted. Dryden. 

To FOND, fond. > v. a. To treat with 

To FO'NDLE, fon'-dl. 405. $ great indulgence ; to 
caress ; to cocker. Dryden. 

To FOND, fond. v. n. To be fond of; to be in love 
with ; to dbat on. Shakspeare. 

To FOND $*, fond. v. n. [punbian, Sax.] To strive ; 
to try. Gower. Oh. T. 

FONDLER, fon'-dl-fir. n. s. One who fondles. 

FONDLING, fdn'-dl-mg. n.s. A person or thing 
much fondled or caressed; something regarded 
with great affection. Arbuthnot. A fool. Burton. 

FO'NDLY, f&nd'-le. ad. Foolishly ; weakly ; impru- 
dently. Shak. With extreme tenderness. Pope. 

FONDNESS, fdnd'-nes. n.s. Foolishness ; weakness ; 
want of sense ; want of judgement. Spenser. Fool- 
ish tenderness. Addison.. Tender passion. A 
Phillips. Unreasonable liking. Hammond. 

FONE, fone. n. s. Plural of foe. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FONT, font. n. s. [fans, Lat.] A stone vessel in 
which the water for holy baptism is contained in 
the church. Hooker. [In printing.] An assortment 
of letters and accents. Boyle. 

FONTANEL, fon'-ta-nei. n. s. [fonianelle, Fr.] 
An issue ; a discharge opened in the body. Bp. 
Hall. 

FONTA'NGE, fon-tanje'. n. s. [from the name of 
the first wearer, Mademoiselle de Fontange.~] A 
knot of ribands on the top of the head-dress. Ad- 
dison. Ob. J. 

FOOD§, food. 10, 306. n.s. [pob,food, Sax.] Victu- 
als ; provision for the mouth. Prov. xiii. Any 
thing that nourishes. Shakspeare. 

To FOOD*, food. ?). a. To feed. Barret. Ob. T. 

FOODFUL, fSod'-iul. a. Fruitful ; full of food ; plen 
teous. Sandys. 

FO'ODLESS*, f36d'-les. a. Not affording food; 
barren. Sandys. 

FOODY,- foSd'-e. a. Eatable ; fit for food. Chapman. 

FOOL§, foOl. 30G. n. s. [fol. Su. Goth, and lcel.] 
One to whom nature has denied reason; a natural;, 
an idiot. Locke. [In Scripture.] A wicked man. 
Psalm xiv. A term of indignity and reproach. 
Dryden. One who counterfeits folly; a buffoon; 
a jester. Milton. — To play the fool. To play 
pranks like a hired jester; to make sport. Sidney. 
To act like one void of common understanding. 1 
Sam. xxvi. To make a fool of. To disappoint ; 
to defeat. Shakspeare. 

To FOOL, f66l. v. it. To trifle ; to toy ; to play ; to 
idle ; to sport. Herbert. 

To FOOL, fool. v. a. To treat with contempt ; to dis- 
appoint; to frustrate; to defeat. Shak. To infatu- 
ate ; to make foolish. Calamy. To cheat : as, to 
fool one of his money. 

FOOL§*, fool. ?i.s. A liquid made of gooseberries 

scalded and pounded, and of cream. Shakspeare, 

395 



FOO 



FOR 



U" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, p?n 



FOOLBO'LD* foo]-b6ld'. a. Foolishly bold. Bale. 

Ob. T. 
FOO'LBORN, fook-bfirn. a. Foolish from the birth. 

Sliakspeare. 
FOO'LERY, foSK-iV-e. 557. n. s. Habitual folly. 
Shak. An act of folly ; trifling practice. Ecclus. 
xxii. Object of folly. Raleigh. 

FOOLHAPPY^ool-hap'-pe. a. Lucky without con- 
trivance or judgement. Spenser. 

FOOLILVRDINES3, fool-har'-de-ngs. n.s. Mad 
rashness ; courage without sense. Dryden. 

FOOLHA'RDISE, fdol-har'-dls. n.s. [fool and har- 
diesse, Fr.l Foolhardiness. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FOOLHA'RDY, fodl-har'-de. a. Daring without 
judgement; madly adventurous. Spenser. 

FOOLTRAP, foSl'-trap. n. s. A snare to catch fools 
in. Dryden. 

FOOLISH, fook-fsh. a. Void of understanding 3 
weak of intellect. 2 Esdras. Imprudent ; indis- 
creet. Shak. Ridiculous 5 contemptible. 2 Mace. 
ii. [In Scripture.] Wicked ; sinful. 

FOO'LISHLY, fo6V-?sh-le. ad. Weakly; without 
understanding. [In Scripture.] Wickedly. Sivifl. 

FOOLISHNESS, W-ish-ne's, n.s. Folly; want of 
understanding. Foolish practice ; actual deviation 
from the right. South. 

FOO'LSCAP Paper.*' A term denoting the size of 
the sheet of paper ; as pot, foolscap, &c. pot being 
the smallest, and foolscap the second in the ascend- 
ing scale to a//tfs-paper. 

FOO'LSTONES, f66l / -st6nz. n. s. A plant. 

FOOT §, fut. 307. n.s. plural feet, [pot, SaxJ The 
part upon which we stand. Clarendon. That by 
which any thing is supported in the nature of a foot : 
as, the foot of a table. The lower part; the base. 
Hakewill. The end; the lower part. Dryden. 
The act of walking. 2 Mace, v.— On foot. Walk- 
ing; without carriage. Exod. xii. — A posture of 
action. Shak. Infantry ; footmen in arms. 1 Mace. 
iv. State ; character; condition. Dryden. Scheme; 
plan ; settlement. Swift. A state of incipient ex- 
istence; first motion. Tillotson. The level; the 
square ; par. Bacon. A certain number of sylla- 
bles constituting a distinct part of a verse. Ascfiam. 
Motion; action. Grew. Step. L' Estrange. A 
measure containing twelve inches. Bacon. 

To FOOT, fut. 307. v.n. To dance ; to tread wan- 
tonly ; to trip. Dryden. To walk ; not ride. Spenser. 

To FOOT, fut. v. a. To spurn ; to kick. Sliak. To 
settle ; to begin to fix. Shak. To tread. Shak. 
To hold with the foot. Shak. To supply with feet. 
Bp. Hall. 

FOO'TBALL, fut'-balk n.. s. A ball commonly made 
of a blown bladder, cased with leather, driven by 
the foot. Peacham. The sport or practice of kick- 
ing the football. Arbuthnol. 

FOO'TBANDS^ffit'-bandz. n. s. pi. Soldiers that 
march and fight on foot. Mirror for Magistrates. 

FOO'TBOY, lut'-bSe. n.s. A low menial ; "an atten- 
dant in livery. Sliakspeare. 

FOOTBREADTH*, fut'-brcm n.s. The space 
which a foot might cover. Deut. ii. 

FOOTBRIDGE, fut'-brfdje. n.s. A bridge on 
which passengers walk ; a narrow bridge. Sidney. 

FOO'TCLOTH, fut'-klik'j. n. s. A sumpter cloth. 
Sliakspeare. 

FOOTED, ful'-ed. a. Shaped in the foot. Grew. 

FOOTFA'LL*. f'ut'-fall. ?i.s. A stumble; a trip of 
the foot. Sliakspeare. 

FOO'TFIGHT, fut'-fhe. n. s. A fight made on foot, 
in opposition to that on horseback. Sidney. 

FGO'TGUARDS*, fut'-gardz. n.s. pi. Foot-soldiers 
belonging to those regiments called, by way of dis- 
tinction, the Guards. 

FOOTHOLD, fut'-hild. n.. s. Space to hold the foot ; 
space on which one may tread surely. More. 

FOOTHOT*, fut-h6t', ad. Immediately ; directly ; 
a phrase borrowed from hunting. Gowcr. Ob. T. 

FOOTING, fut'-lng. n,s. Ground for the foot. Shak. 
Support; root. Dryden. Basis; foundation. Locke. 
Place ; possession. Dryden. Tread ; walk. Spenser. 
Dance. Shak . Steps ; ro^d ; track., Spenser. En- 



trance ; beginning ; establishment. Dames. State, 

condition ; settlement. Arbuihnot. 
FOOTLESS*, fut'-lks. a. Without feet. 
FOOTLICKER, fut'-lik-Ar. n. s. A slave; an hum- 
ble fawner ; one who licks the foot. Sliakspeare. 
FOOTMAN, fut'-man. 88. n. s. A soldier that inarches 

and fights on foot. Raleigh. A menial servant in 

livery. Bacon. One who practises to walk or run 
FOOTMANSHIP, fut'-man-ship. n. s. The art or 

faculty of a runner. Hayward. 
FOOTMANTLE*, fut'-man-tl. n.s. A species of 

petticoat used by market-women, when they ride 

on horseback, to keep their gowns clean. Chancer. 

Ob. T. 
FOOTPACE, fiV-pase. n, s. Part of a pair of stairs. 

whereon, after four or five steps, you arrive to a 

broad place. Moxon. A pace no faster than a 

slow walk. 
FOOTPAD, fut'-pad. n.s. [foot and pad.] A higii 

wayman that robs on foot. 
FOOTPATH, ful'-patfi. n. s. A narrow way whicn 

will not admit horses or carriages. Sliakspeare. 
FOQTPOST, fut y -p6st. n. s. A post or messenger 

that travels on foot. Careiv. 
FOOTSOLDIER* fut-sok-jur. n. s. A soldier that 

marches and fights on foot. 

fOOTSTALL, fut'-stall. 406. n.s. A woman's stirrup. 
OO'TSTEP, fut'-step. n.s. Trace; track; impres- 
sion left by the foot. Locke. Token; mark; notice 
given, Bentley. Example. 

FOOTSTOOL, fiit'-stSol. n.s. Stool on which he 
that sits places his feet. Sliakspeare. 

FOP§, fop. n.s. A simpleton; a coxcomb; a man 
of small understanding and much ostentation ; a 
pretender ; a man fond of show, dress, and flutter; 
an impertinent. Sliakspeare. 

FO'PDOODLE, fop'-doo-dl. n.s. A fool; an insig- 
nificant wretch. Hudibras. 

FO'PLING, fop'-ling. n. s. A petty fop ; an under- 
rate coxcomb. Tickell. 

FOPPERY, fop'-ur-e. 557. n.s. Folly; imperti- 
nence. Shak. Affectation of show or importance ; 
showv folly. Shenslone. Foolery; vain or idle 
practice. Stilling fleet. 

FOPPISH, fop'-plsh. a. Foolish ; idle ; vain. Shak. 
Vain in show; foolishly ostentatious. Garth. 

FOPPISHLY, fop'-plsh-le. ad. Vainly; ostenta- 
tiously. Shenvood. 

FOTPiSHNESS, fop'-p?sh-n§s. n.s. Vanity ; showy 
or ostentatious vanity. Shcnstone. 

FOR§, for. 167. prep, [pop., Sax.] Because of. 
Hooker. With respect to ; with regard to ; Shak. 
In this sense it has often as before it. Knolles. In 
the character of. Locke. With resemblance of. 
Shak. Considered as; in the place of. Milton. 
In advantage of; for the sake of. Bacon. Condu- 
cive to ; beneficial to. Tillotson. With intention 
of going to a certain place. Bacon. In compara- 
tive respect. Dryden. In proportion to. With 
appropriation to. Slvak. After O, an expression 
of desire. Shak. In account of; in solution of. 
Bw-net. Inducing to as a motive. Tillotson. In 
expectation of. Locke. Noting power or possi- 
bility. Bp. Taylor. Noting dependence. Boyle. 
In prevention of; for fear of. Tusser. In remedy 
of. Garrelson. In exchange of. Di-yden. In the 
place of; instead of. Dryden. In supply of; to 
serve in the place of. Dryden. Through a certain 
duration. Roscommon. In search of ; in quest of. 
Tillotson. According to. Boyle. Noting a slate 
of fitness or readiness. Shak. In hope of ; for the 
sake of; noting the final cause. Bacon. Of ten- 
dency to ; towards. Swift. In favour of; on the 
part of; on the side of. Hooker. Noting accom- 
modation or adaption. Locke. With intention of. 
Waller. Becoming; belonging to. Shak. Not- 
withstanding. Hooker. To the use of; to be used 
in. Tillotson. In consequence of. Dryden. In 
recompense of; in return of. Dryden. In propor- 
tion to. Shak. By means of; by interposition of. 
Hale. In regard of; in preservation of. — I cannot 
for. my li/'e,\s. J cannot if my life might be saved 
396 * 



FOR 












FOR 


— n6, move 


ndr 


n6t ;- 


-tube, tab, bflll ;- 


-oil; 


— p6flnd ;- 


-tlim, THis. 



bu it. Sha/cspeare.—For all. Notwithstanding. 
Sidney. 

FOR, for. conj. The word by which the reason is in- 
troduced of something advanced before. Shak. 
Because ; on this account that. Spenser. — For as 
much. In regard that ; in consideration of. Hooker. 
For why. because ; for this reason that. Khollu. 

FOR*, for. ^ In composition, for is sometimes priva- 
tive, as, forbear, and forbid, in its fourth meaning; 
sometimes merely intensive, as forbathe ; and 
sometimes only communicative of an ill sense, as 
forswear. 

To FORAGER f6r / -iije. 16? en. [forragium, low 
Lat.] To wander far ; to ro\ j at a distance. Shak. 
To wander in search of spoil ; generally of provi- 
sions. Denham. To ravage; to feed on spoil. Shak. 

To FO'RAGE, f or'-aje. v. a. To plunder ; to strip ; 
to spoil. Spenser. 

FO'RAGE, f or'-aje. 90. v. s. Search of provisions ; 
the act of feeding abroad. Milton, Provisions 
sought abroad. Dryden. Provisions in general. 
Dryden. 

FO'RAGER*, fdr'-a-jor. n. s. One who wanders in 
search of spoil; a waster of a country. Shak. A 
provider of food, fodder, or forage ; a merchant of 
corn. Barret. Any animal which feeds. Mason. 

FORAGING*, for'-a-jing. n.s. Predatory inroad. 
Bp. Hall. 

FORA'MINOUS, fo-ram'-e-nus. a. [foramen, Lat.] 
Full of holes ; porous. Bacon. 

To FORBA'THE*, f 6r-baTHe\ v. a. To bathe ; to 
imbrue. Sackvil/e. 

To FORBE'AR, f6r-bare'. v.n.pret I forbore, an- 
ciently forbare ; part, forborne. [popbEepan, Sax.] 
To cease from any thing; to intermit. Cheyne. 
To pause ; to delay. Shak. To omit voluntarily ; 
to abstain. 1 Sam. xxiii. To restrain any violence 
of temper ; to be patient. Proii. xxv. 

35= The o in these words, preceding the accent and fol- 
lowed by a consonant, is under the same predicament as 
the same letter in command, collect, &c. — which see. 
W. 

To FORBE'AR, fSr-bare'. 240. v. a. To decline ; to 
avoid voluntarily. Shak. To abstain from ; to omit. 
Clarendon. To spare ; to treat with clemency. 
Eph. iv. To withhold. % Cliron. xxxv. 

FOBJBE'ARANCE, f6r-bare'-anse. n.s. The care 
of avoiding or shunning any thing ; negation of 
practice. Locke. Intermission of something. 
Command of temper. Sliak. Lenity; delay of 
punishment; mildness. Addison. 

FORBE'ARER, for-ba'-rdr. n.s. An intermitter ; 
intercepter of any thing. Tusser. 

To FORBFD$, fdr-bld 7 . v. a. pret. I forbade, and 
formerly forbid ; part, forbidden or forbid, [pop- 
beoban, Sax.] To prohibit ; to interdict any thing. 
Shale. To command to forbear any thing. Sidney. 
To oppose ; to hinder. Bacon. To accurse ; to 
blast. Shakspeare. 

To FORBFD, f6r-b!d'. v. n. To utter a prohibition. 
Shakspeare. 

FORBFDDANCE, fSr-bld'-danse. n.s. Prohibition; 
edict against anv thing. Bp. Hall. 

FORBI'DDENLY, f6r-b'M'-d'n-le. ad. In an unlaw- 
ful manner. Shakspeare. 

FORBI'DDENNESS* f6r-bid'-d'n-nes. n. s. The 
state of being forbidden. Boyle. 

FORBI'DDER, f6r-bfd'-d&r. n. s. One that prohib- 
its. Brown. 

FORBFDDING, fSr-b?d'-d?ng. part. a. Raising ab- 
horrence ; repelling approach ; causing aversion. 
A. Hill. 

FORBFDDING*, fSr-b?d'-dmg. n. s. Hinderance ; 
opposition. Shakspeare. 

FORBY'*. See Foreby. 

FOR.CES, forse. n.s. [force, Fr.] Strength ; vigour ; 
might. Donne. Violence. Shak. Virtue ; efficacy. 
Locke. Validness ; power of law. Heh. ix. Ar- 
mament ; warlike preparation. Jerem. xlviii. Des- 
tiny ; necessity ; fatal compulsion. Sfuxk. A water- 
fall. Mors, Su. Goth.] 

To FORCE, forse. v. a. To compel ; to constrain. 



Bacon. To overpower by strength. Milton. To 
impel ; to press ; to draw or push by main strength. 
Dad. xx. To enforce; to urge. Dryden. To drive 
by violence or power. Decay of Piety. To gain 
by violence or power. Dryden. To storm ; to lake 
or enter by violence. Waller. To ravish ; to vio- 
late by force. Dryden. To constrain ; to distort. 
Shak. To man ; to strengthen by soldiers. jKa- 
leigh. To stun"*: a term of cookery. Shak. To 
bring forward ; to ripen precipitately : a term of 
gardening. To line down wines, and render them 
lit for immediate draught.— To force out. To ex- 
tort. A tier bury. 

To FORCE, forse. v. n. To lay stress upon. Cam- 
den. To endeavour. Spenser. To use violence. 
Spenser. 

FO'RCEDLY, f6r'-sed-le. 364. ad. Violently ; con- 
strainedly ; unnaturally. Burnet. 

FO'RCEDNESS*, for'-sed-nes. n. s. Distortion. 
Worthinzton. 

FO'RCEFUL, forse'-f &1. a. Violent ; strong ; impet- 
uous. Shakspeare. 

FORCEFULLY, fdrse'-ful-Ie. ad. Violently j im- 
petuously. 

FO'RCELESS, f6rse'-les. a. Having little force ; 
weak ; feeble ; impotent. Shakspeare. 

FO'RCEMEAT*, lorse'-meet. ?i.s. A term of cook- 
ery. 

FO'RCEPS, for'-seps. n. s. [Lat.] A pair of long.?. 
An instrument in elnrurgery to extract any thing 
out of wounds. Quincy. 

FO'RCER, fore'-sur. n.s. A compeller ; a conslrain- 
er. Cotgrave. That which forces, drives, or con- 
strains. The embolus of a pump working by pul- 
sion- Wilkins. 

FO'RCIBLE, fore'-se-bl. 405. a. Strong; mighty. 
Hooker. Violent ; impetuous. Prior. Efficacious ; 
active; powerful. Bacon. Prevalent ; of great in- 
fluence. Raleigh. Done by force ; suffered by- 
force. Milton. Valid ; binding ; obligatory. 

FO'RCIBLENESS, fdre'-se-bl-nes. «. s. Force j vi 
olence. 

FO'RCIBLY, f6re'-se-ble. ad. Strongly ; powerfully 
Tillotson. Impetuously; with great strength. By 
violence; by force. Bacon. 

FORCIPATED$, f6r'-se-pa-ted. a. Formed like a 
pair of pincers to open and enclose. Brown. 

FQRCIPA'TION* f or-se-pa'-shfin. n. s. Squeezing 
or tearing with pincers ; formerly a mode of pun- 
ishment. Bacon. 

FO'RCING*, iore'-smg. n.s. The act of urging or en- 
forcing". Prov. xxx. Compulsion. Beamn. and FL 

To FORCLO'SE*. See To Foreclose. 

FORD§, ford, n. s. [popb, Sax.] A shallow part of 
a river where it may be passed without swimming. 
Gen. xxxii. The stream ; the current. Milton. 

To FORD, ford. v. a. To pass without swimming. 
Raleigh. 

FO'RDABLE, ford'-a-bl. 405. a. Passable without 
swimming. Raleigh. 

To FORDO'*, for-doo'. v. a. [pojibon, Sax.] To 
ruin ; to destroy ; opposed to making happy 
Chaucer. To weary; to overcome. Shakspea/e 
Ob. T. 

FORE §, fore. a. [-pope, Sax.] Anteriour; not be 
hind. Bacon. That which comes first in a progres 
sive motion. Cheyne. 

FORE, f6rc. ad. Anteriourly. Raleigh. Fore is a 
word much used in composition to mark priority of 
time, or situation. — Fore and aft. The whole 
length of a ship. 

To FOREADMO'NISH*, fore-ad-m6n'-!sh. v. a. 
To counsel before the event. Bp. Hall. 

To FOREADVFSE, fore-ad-vlze'. v.n. To counsel 5 
early ; to counsel before the time of action, or the 
event. Shakspeare. 

To FOREALLE'GE*, f6re-al-ledje'. v. a. To men- 
tion or cite before. Fotherby. 

To FOR EAPPO'INTS, f6re-ap-p6?nt / . v. a. To or- 
der beforehand. Sherwood. 

FOREAPPO'lNTMENT*,f6re-ap point'-ment. n.s~ 
Preordination ; predestination Sherwood 
397 



FOR 


FOR 




O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;- 


-me, rah ;— pine, pin ; — 





To FOREARM, fire-arm', v. a. To provide for at- 
tack or resistance before the time of need. South. 

To FOREBODES, f6re-b6de'. v. n. [ponebobian, 
Sax.] To prognosticate ; to foretell. Dry den. To 
foreknow ; to be prescient of. Dry den. 

FOREBO'DER, fore-b6de'-&r. n.s. A prognostica- 
tor ; a soothsayer. L' Estrange. A foreknower. 

FOREBO'DEMENT*, fore-b6de'-m§nt. n. s. Pre- 
sagement. 

FOREBODING*, fore-b6'-d?ng. n. s. Presage 3 per- 
ception beforehand. Bentley. 

FOREBY'. f6re-bl'. prep. Near; hard by; fast by. 
Spenser. 

To FORECASTS, f6re-kast'. 492. v. «. [fore and 
cast.'] To scheme ; to plan before execution. Dan. 
xi. To adjust ; to contrive antecedently. Dryden. 
To foresee ; to provide against. L' 'Estrange. 

To FORECAST, f6re-kast'. v.n. To form schemes ; 
to contrive beforehand. Spenser. 

FORECAST, f&re'-kast. 492. n. s. Contrivance be- 
forehand ; antecedent policy. Shakspeare. 

FORECASTER, f6re-kast'-ur. n. s. One who con- 
trives beforehand. 

FORECASTLE, fore'-kas-sl. 405. n. s. In a ship, 
that part where the foremast stands. Harris. 

FORECHOSEN, f6re-tsh6'-z'n. part. Pre-elected. 

FORECI'TED, fore-si'-teU part. Quoted before, or 
above. Arhdhnot. 

To FORECLOSE §, f6re-kl6ze'. t>. a. [forclos, old 
Fr.l To shut up ; to preclude; to prevent. Carew. 
— To foreclose a mortgage, is to cut off the power of 
redemption. Blackstone. 

FORECLOSURE*, f6re-k!6'-zhure. n. s. A depri- 
vation of the power of redeeming a mortgage. 

To FORECONCE'IVE*, fore-k6n-seev'. v. n. To 
preconceive. Bacon. 

FOREDA'TED* f6re-da'-tgd. part. Dated before 
the true time. Milton. 

FOREDECK, f&re'-dgk. n.s. The anteriour part of 
the ship. Chapman. 

To FOREDESI'GN, f6re-de-slne'. v. a. To plan be- 
forehand. Cheyne. 

To FOREDETF'RMINE*, f6re-de-ter'-min. v. a. 
To decree beforehand. Bp. Hopkins. 

To FOREDO'. See To Fordo. 

To FOREDOOM S, f6re-d66m'. v. a. [fore and 
doom.] To predestinate ; to determine beforehand. 
Dryden,. 

FOREDO'OM* f6re-do6m'. n. s. Judgement. Sack- 
ville. 

FOREDOOR*, f6re-d6re'. n.s. [pope-bupe, Sax.] 
A door in the front of a house. 

FOREE'LDER*, fore-el'-dur. n.s. [fore and elder.] 
An ancestor. 

FOREE'ND, f6re'-end. n. s. The anteriour part. 
Shaksmare. 

FOREFA'THER, fore-fa'-TH&r. n.s. Ancestor ; one 
who in any degree of ascending genealogy pre- 
cedes another. Hooker. 
To FOREFE'ND, fire-fend', v. a. [fore or for and 
defend.] To prohibit; to avert. Sliakspeare. To pro- 
vide for ; to secure. Shakspeare. 

FOREFPNGER, fore'-flng-gfir. n.s. The finger 
next to the thumb ; the index. Peacham. 

FOREFOOT, fore'-f fit. n. s. p)m. forefeet. The an- 
teriour foot of a quadruped. Peaclmm. 

FOREFRONT*, fdre-fr&nt'. n.s. The anteriour 
front of any thing. Exod. xxviii. 

FO'REGAME*, f6re'-game. n.s. A first plan; a 

first game. Whitlock. 
To FOREGO' S, lore-go', v. a. [for and go.] To 
quit; to give up; to resign. Spenser. To go be- 
fore ; to be past, [fore and go.] Shale. To lose. 
FO'REGOER, f6re-g6'-fir. n. s. Ancestor ; progeni- 
tor. Shak. One who goes before another. Sidney. 
A fbrsaker; a quitter. Cotgrave. 
FOREGROUND, f6re'-grofind. n.s. The part of 
the field or expanse of a picture which seems to lie 
before the figures. Dryden. 
To FOREGUESS* f6re-ges'. v. n. To conjecture. 

Sherv)Ood. 
FOREHANDS, fore'-hand. n.s. [fore and hand.] 



The part of a horse which is before the rider. The 
chief part. Shakspeare. 

FOREHAND, fore'-hand. a. Done sooner than is 
regular. Shakspeare. 

FOREHANDED, fore'-hand-ed. a. Early ; time- 
ly. Bp. Taylor. Formed in the foreparts. Dnjden. 

FOREHEAD, f&r'-hed. 515. n.s. That part of the 

face which reaches from the eyes upward to the 

hair. Slwk. Impudence ; confidence ; assurance. 

Bp. Hall. 

I To FOREHE'AR*, f6re-heer'. v.n. To be informed 

] before. Trag. of Soliman and Perseda. 

!ToFOREHE>ND*,f&re-h8nd / .i>.a. [fore and hend.] 
I To seize. Spenser. 

To FOREHE'W*, f6re-hu'. i>, a. To cut in front. 
Sackvilk. 
\ FOREHOLDING, fdre-h6ld'-fng. n.s. Predictions; 
I ominous accounts. L'Estrange. 
! FO'REHORSE*, f6re'-h6rse. n. s. The foremost 
I horse of a team. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
! FOREIGN §, for'-m. a. [ forain, Fr.] Not of this 
j country ; not domestick. ' Atterbury. Alien ; re- 
l mole ; not allied. Addison. Excluded ; not ad- 
I mitted 5 held at a distance. Shak. [In law.] A 
! foreign plea, placitum forinsecum ; as being a plea 
out of the proper court of justice. Extraneous ; 
adventitious in general. Phillips. 

FOREIGNER, for'-rln-ur. n.s. A man that comes 
from another country; not a native ; a stranger. 
Denham. 

FOREIGNNESS, for'-rfn-nes. n.s. Remoteness; 
want of relation to something. Locke. 

To FOREIMA'GINE, f6re-?m-mad'-j?n. v. a. To 
conceive or fancy before proof. Camden. 

To FOREJUDGES, f&re-jfidje'. v. a. To judge be 
forehand ; to be prepossessed. Sherwood. 

FOREJU'DGEMENT*, fore-jfidje'-ment. n. s. 
Judgement formed beforehand. Spenser. 

To FOREKNOWS, f6re-n6'. v. a. To have pre- 
science of; to foresee. Raleigh. 

FOREKNO'WABLE, fore-n6'-a-bl. a. Possible to 
be known before they happen. More. 

FOREKNO'WER*,f6re-n6'-ur. n.s. He who knows 
what is to happen. Stapleton. 

FOREKNOWLEDGE, fire-n&l'-Mje. n.s. Pre- 
science ; knowledge of that which has not yet hap- 
pened. Hooker. 

FOREL*, f6'-rel. n.s. [forellus, Lat.] A kind of 
parchment used for covers of account books. Book 
of Common Prayer, 1549. 

FORELAND, f6re'-land. n.s. A promontory; head- 
land ; high land jutting into the sea ; a cape. 
Milton. 

To FORELA'Y, f6re-la'. v. a. To lay wait for ; to 
entrap by ambush. Dryden. To contrive antece- 
dently ; to prevent. Bp. Hall. 

FORELE'ADER*, f6re-le'-dfir. n. s. One who leads 
others by his example. Gascoigne. 

To FO'RELEND*, f6re-lend'. v. a. To give before- 
hand. Spenser. Ob. T. 

To FORELIFT, f6re-Hft'. v. a. To raise aloft an) 
anteriour part. Spenser. 

FORELOCK, f6re'-lok. n. s. The hair that grows 
from the forepart of the head. Millon. 

To FORELO'OK*, f6re-l6ok'. v.n. To see before 
hand. B. Jonson. 

FOREMAN, fore'-man. 99. n. s. The first or chief 
person. Addison. 

FOREMAST*,. f6re'-mast. n.s. The first mast of a 
ship towards the head. 

FOREMAST Man*, n.s. One that furls the sails, 
and takes his course at the helm. Chambers. 

FOREME'ANT*, f6re-ment'. part. Intended before- 
hand. B. Jonson. 

FOREME'NTIONED, f6re-men'-shund. d. Mention- 
ed or recited before. Addison. 

FORE MOST §, f6re'-m6st. a. [from fore.] First in 
place. Sidney. First in dignity. Dryden. 

FOREMOSTLY*, f6re'-m6st-le. ad. Among the 
foremost. Old Ballad of Jephthah. 

FOREMOTHER*, fore-muTH'-ur. n. s. A female 
ancestor. Bp. Prideanx. 
393 



FOR 



FOR 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 5il ;— p6und ;— thm, th'i 



FORENA'MED, fore-namd'. a. Nominated before. 
B. Jonson. 

FORENOON, fore'-noon. n.s. The time of day 
reckoned from the middle point, between the dawn 
and the meridian, to the meridian. Sidney. 

FORENOT1CE, fore-ifo'-tis. ». s. Information of an 
event before it happens. Rymer. 

FORENSICK, f6-ren-sik.*a. [forensis, Lat.] Be- 
longing- to courts of judicature. Locke. 

7\) FOREORDAIN^ fore-dr-dW'. v. a. To pre- 
destinate ; to predetermine 5 to preordain. Hooker. 

FOREORDINATION*, fore-or-de-na'-shun. n. s. 
Predetermination. Dr. Jackson. 

FO REPART, fore'-part. n.s. The part first in time. 
Raleigh. The part anteriour in place. Ray. 

FOREPA'SSED, ; fA , t/ I part. a. Passed be- 

FOREPA'ST, \ ^re-past', y fore & certajn 

time. Sackville. 

FOREPOSSE'SSED,fore-p6z-zest'. a. Holding for- 
merly in possession. Knight. Pre-occupied ; pre- 
possessed. Bp. Sanderson. 

FOREPRO'MISED*, fore-prom'-lst. part. a. Prom- 
ised beforehand. Bp. Hall. 

To FORE PRIZE*, fire-prize', v. a. To rate be- 
forehand. Hooker. 

FC^RERANK, fore'-rangk. 408. n.s. First rank; 
front. Shakspeare. 

To FORERE ACH*, fore-reetsh'. «. n. [In naval 
language.] To sail better than another ship ; to get 
before it. 

To FORERE'AD§*, fore,-reed'. v. n. [fore and 
read.] To signify by tokens. Spenser. 

FORERE'ADING*, fore-reed'-lng. ».*. Previous 
perusal. Hales. 

FORERECI'TED, fore-re-sl'-t§d. a. .Mentioned be- 
fore. Shakspeare. 

FOREREME'MBEBED*, fore-re-mem'-bfird. part, 
a. Called to mind, or mentioned before. Mountao-u. 

FO RERIGHT §*, fore'-rlte. ad. Right forward ; on- 
ward. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FORERIGHT*, f6re'-rlte. a. Ready; forward; 
quick. Massinger. 

To FORERU N§. fire-run', v. a. [fore and run.] To 
come before as an earnest of something following. 
Sliak. To precede ; to have the start of. Graunt. 

FORERUNNER, fore-run'-nur. n.s. A harbinger; 
a messenger sent before to give notice of the ap- 
proach of those that follow. Sliak. An ancestor; 
a predecessor. Shak. A prognostick ; a sign fore- 
showing any thing. Milton. 

FO RESAID*, fore-s£d'. part. a. Described or 
spoken of before. Sliakspeare. 

FORESAIL*, fore'-sale. n.s. The sail of the fore- 
mast. 

To FORESA'Y §, fore-sa'. ». a. [fore and say.] To 
oredict ; to prophesy ; to foretell. Sliakspeare. 

F6RESA'YING* fore-sa'-ing. n.s. A prediction. 
Sherwood. 

To FORESE'ES, fore-see', v. a. To see beforehand ; 
to see what has not yet happened. Spenser. To 
provide for. Bacon. 

FORESE'ER* fore-seer', n. s. One who foresees. 
Lord Halifax. ' 

To FORESE'IZE* fore-seez'. v. a. To grasp be- 
forehand. Tate. 

To FORESHA'DOW* fore-shad'-6. v. a. To fore- 
signify, to typify. Barrow. 

To FO'RESHA'ME, fore-shame', v. a. To shame ; 

to bring- reproach upon. 
To FORESHE'W $,fore-sh6'.r.a. [-pone-rceapian, 
Sax.] To predict; to represent before it comes. 
Wisdom, xviii. See To Foreshow. 

FORESH'EW* fore-sh6'. n. s. A sign ; that by 
which any thing is foreshown. Fairfax. 

FORESHE'WER*, fore-sh6'-ur. n. s. One who 
predicts a thing. Spenser. 

FO'RESHIP, fore'-shlp. n. s. [fore and ship.] The 

anteriour part of the ship. Acts, xxvii. 
To FORESHO'RTEN$, fore-shSrt'-tn. v. a. To 
shorten figures for the sake of showing those be- 
hind. 

FORESHO'RTENING*, f6re-shSrt'-tn-ing. n.s. 



The act of shortening figures for the sake of show- 
ing those behind. Dryaen. 

To FORESHO'W, fore-sh6'. v. a. [fore and show.] 
To discover before it happens ; to predict. Hooker. 
To represent before it comes. Hooker. 

FO'RESIDE*, fore'-slde. n. s. Superficial appear- 
ance ; outside. Spenser. 

FO RESIGHT §, fore'-she. n. s. Prescience ; prog 
nostication; foreknowledge. Milton. Provident 
care of futurity. Spenser. 

FORESI'GHTFUL, fore-sUV-rul. a. Prescient; 
provident. Sidney. 

To FORESIGNIFY, fore-sfg'-ne-fl. v. a. [fore and 
signify.] To betoken beforehand ; to foreshow ; to 
typify. Hooker. 

FORESKIN, fore' skin. n.s. [fore and skin.] The 



prepuce. Cowley. 
' O'RESKIRT, fore- 



keVt'. n. s. The pendulous or 



loose part of the coat before. Slmlcspeare. 
To FORESLA'CK, fore-slak'. v. a. [fore and slack.] 

To neglect by idleness. Spenser. 
To FORESLO'W §, fore-sW. v. a. [fore and slow.] 

To delay; to hinder; to impede. Fairfax. To 

neglect ; to omit. Bacon. 
To FORESLO'W, fore-sl6'. v. n. To be dilatory ; to 

loiter. Shakspeaie. 
ToFORESPE'AKS, fore-speke'. v.n. [fore and 

speak.] To predict ; to foresay. Beaum. and Fl. 

To forbid. Shakspeare. To bewitch. Drayton. 
FORESPE'AKLNG*, fore-speekMng. n.s. A pre- 
diction. Camden. A preface ; a forespeech. Hu- 

loet. 
FO'RESPEECH*. fore'-speetsh. n. s. A preface. 

Sherwood. 
FOPwESPE'NT, fore-spent', a. Forepassed; past. 

Spenser. Bestowed before. Shak. Wasted ; tired ; 

spent. Shakspeare. 
FORESPU'RRER, fore-spur'-ur. n. s. [fore and 

spur] One that rides before. Shakspeare. 
FO'REST §, for'-resl. n. s. [forest, Fr.] A wild, un- 
cultivated tract of ground interspersed with wood. 

Hooker. [In law.] A certain territory of woody 

f rounds and fruitful pastures, privileged for wild 
easts, and fowls of forest, chase, and warren, to 
abide in, in the safe protection of the king, for his; 
pleasure. Cowel. 

FO'REST*, foV-rest. a. Sylvan ; rustick. Sir G. 
Buck. 

FO'REST AFF*, fore'-stif. n. s. [fore and staff.] 
An instrument used at sea for taking the altitudes 
of heavenly bodies. 

FO'RESTAGE*. ftV-rest-Idje. n. s. [forestage, Fr.] 
An ancient service paid by foresters to the king 5 
also, the right of foresters. 

To FOREST A'LL §, fore-stawl'. 406. v.a. [pope- 
rfcallan, Sax.] To anticipate ; to take up before- 
hand. Herbert. To hinder by pre-occupation or pre- 
vention. Spenser. To seize or gain possession of 
before another. Spenser. To deprive by something 
prior. Shakspeare. 

FORESTA'LLER, fore-stawl'-ur. n. s. One that 
anticipates the market. One that purchases be- 
fore others to raise the price. Locke. 

FORESTBO'RN, for'-rest-b6rn. a. Born in a wild. 
Shakspeare. 

FORESTED* for'-rest-ed. a. Supplied with trees. 
Drayton. 

FO'RESTER, foV-res-tur. n. s. [forestier, Fr.] An 
officer of the forest. Shakspeare. An inhabitant of 
the wild country. Evelyn. One who understands 
the nature and the laws' of forests. Howell. A for- 
est-tree. Evelyn. 

FO'RESWART, fore'-swort. )a. [of for and swat, 

FO'RESWAT, fore'-swot. $ from sweat.] Spent 
with heat. Sidney. 

To FORETA'STE $, lore-taste', v. a. To have ante- 
past of; to have prescience of. To taste before 
another. Milton. 

FO'RETASTE, fore'-taste. 492. n. s. Anticipation 
of. South. 

FORETA'STER*, fore-taste'-dr. n. s. One that 
tastes before another. Sherwood. 



FOR 










FOR 


ItT 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, fat; 


—me, met ;- 


—pine 


pin ;— 



To FORETE'ACH*, fore-teetsh'. ». a. To teach 

before ; to inculcate aforetime. Spenser. 
To FORETE'LL, fore-teT. 406. v. a. pret. and part, 
pass, fo/vlold. [fore and tell.] lo predict; to 
prophesy. ShaL To foretoken ; to foreshow. Dr. 
Warton, 
To FORETE'LL, fore-tel'. v.n. To utter prophecy. 
Acts, iii. 

FORETE'LLER, fore-tel'-lfir. n.s. Predicter; fore- 
shower. Boyle. 

FORETE'LL ING*, fore-tgl'-ling. n.s. A declara- 
tion of something' future. Felthavi. 
ToFORETHl'NKS, f6re-lhhgk'. v. a. To antici- 
pate in the mind ; to have prescience of. Shak. To 
contrive antecedently. Bp. Hall. 
To FORETHriNiV, f6re-;/imgk' . v. n. To contrive 
beforehand. Smith. 

FORETHOUGHT, fore'-tfiawt. 492. n. s. Pres- 
cience; anticipation. L'Estrange. Provident care. 
Blackstone. 

FORETHOUGHT* fbre-thhwt' . a. Prepense. Ba- 
con. 

FORETO'KENy, f&re-tc-'-k'n. n.s. [pope-tacn, 
Sax.] Prevenient sign ; prognostick. Camden. 

To FORETO'KEN, ?6re-t6'-k r n. v. a. To foreshow; 
to prognosticate as a sign. Daniel. 

FORETOO'TH, fore'-toStft. n. s. The tooth in the 
anteriour part of the mouth ; the incisor. Ray. 

FO RETOP, f6re'-t6p. n. s. That part of a woman's 
head-dress that is forward, or the top of a periwig. 
The top of men's hair fantastically frizzled or 
shaped. B. Jonson. 

FOREVOU'CHED^ore-voutsh'-eU 359. part, [fore 
and vouch,'] Affirmed before ; formerly told. Shak. 

FO'REWARD, f6re'-ward. n.s. The van; the front. 
1 Mac. ix. 

To FOREWA'RN, fire-warn', v. a. [fore and 
warn.] To admonish beforehand. St. Luke, xii. To 
inform previously of any future event. Milton. To 
caution against any thing beforehand. Shakspeare. 

To FOREWA'STE. See To Forwaste. 

To FOREWE'ARY. See To Forweary. 

To FOREWE'ND*, f6re-wend'. v. a. [fore and 
wend.] To go before. Spenser. 

FO'REWIND*, fore'-wind. n.s. A favourable wind. 
Sandys. 

To FOREWI'SH, fore-wish', v. a. To desire before- 
hand. Knolles. 

FORE WO RN, f6re-w6rn'. part. Worn out; wasted 
by time or use. Sidney. 

FO'RFEIT §, f6r'-fft. 255. n. s. [forfait, Fr.] Some- 
thing lost by the commission of a crime ; a fine ; a 
mulct. Shak. Something deposited, and to be re- 
deemed by a jocular fine, whence the game of for- 
feits. R. J. Thorn. A person obnoxious to punish- 
ment. Shakspeare. 

To FO'RFEIT, fSr'-flt. v. a. To lose by some 
breach of condition; to lose by some offence. 
Davies. 

FO'RFEIT, f6r'-fit. part. a. Liable to penal seiz- 
ure ; alienated by a crime. Shakspeare. 

FORFEITABLE, fdr'-flt-a-bl. a. Possessed on con- 
ditions, by the breach of which any thing may be 
lost. Crowe. 

FO'RFEITER*, for'-f?t-ur. n.s. One who incurs 
punishment, by forfeiting his bond. Shakspeare. 

FO'RFEIT URE, f6r'-flt-yure. n.s. [forfaiture, Fr.] 
The act of forfeiting. The thing forfeited ; a mulct; 
a fine. Bacon. 

To FORFE'NDf, for-fend'. v. a. To prevent; to 
forbid. 

FWRFEX*, foV-feks. n. s. [Lat.] A pair of scis- 
sors. Pope. 

FORGA'VE, for-gave'. The preterit of forgive. 

FORGES, forje. n.s. [forge, Fr.] The place where 
iron is beaten into form. Milton. Any place where 
any thing is made or shaped. Hooker. Manufac- 
ture of metalline bodies. Bacon. 

To FORGE, forje. v. a. To form by the hammer; 
to beat into shape. Chapman. To make by any 
means. Locke. To counterfeit ; to falsify. Shak. 

FO'RGER, f6re'-jur. n. s. One who makes or 



forms. Drayton. One who counterfeits any thing 
West. 
§£r This word is sometimes, but without the least foun- 
dation in. analogy, written for gerer. If it should be 
urged, that the word comes from the French verb for- 
ger, and therefore, like fruiterer from frutier, we add 
an er to make it a verbal noun ; it may be answered, 
that we have the word to forge in the same sense as 
the French, but we have no verb to fruit, and therefore 
there is an excuse for adding er in the last word which 
has no place in the former. TV. 

FO'RGERY, f&re'-j&r-e. n. s. The crime of falsifi- 
cation. Swift. Smith's work ; the act of the forge 
Milton. 
. To FORGE T£, fdr-get'. v. a. preter. forgot ; part. 
forgotten, or forgot, [popgecan, Sax.] To lose 
memory ol ; to let go from the remembrance. Shak. 
Not to attend ; to neglect. Isaiah, xlix. 
#y* The o, in this and similar words, is like that in for- 
bear — which see. W. 

FORGE'TFUL, for-get'-f&l. a. Not retaining the 
memory of. Beaum. and Fl. Causing oblivion; 
oblivious. Dryden. Inattentive ; negligent ; neg- 
lectful ; careless. Heb. xiii. 
FORGE'TFULNESS, for-get'-ful-ngs. n. s. Obli- 
vion ; cessation to remember ; loss of memory. 
Shak. Negligence; neglect; inattention. Hooker. 
FO'RGET IVE, fore'-je-tiv. a. [from forge.] That 

may forge or produce. Peculiar to Shakspeare. 
FORGE'TTER, f6r-geV-tur. n.s. One that forgets. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. A careless person. 
FORGE'TTING*, for-get'-Ung. n.s. Inattention; 

forgetfulnes«. Milton. 
FORGE'TTINGLY*, fSr-get'-tfng-le. ad. Without 

attention ; forgetfully. B. Jonson. 
FORGIVABLE** for-glv'-a-bl. a. That may be 

pardoned. Slverwood. 
To FORGI'VE $, fdr-glv'. 157. v. n. [rop^ipan, 
Sax.] To pardon; not to punish. Shale. To par- 
don a crime. Isa. xxxiii. To remit; not to exact 
debt or penalty. St. Matt, xviii. 
FORGI'VENESS, fdr-grv'-nes. n. s. [pop$ipen- 
neppe, Sax.] The act of forgiving. Dan. ix. Par- 
don of an offender. Dryden. Pardon of an offence. 
South. Tenderness; willingness to pardon. Sprat, 
Remission of a fine, penalty, or debt. 
FORGI'VER, for-glv'-ur. n.s. One who pardons. 
To FORGO'*. See To Forego. 
FORGO'T, fSr-g&t'. Ppart. pass, of 

FORGOTTEN^ fdr-g&t'-tn. 103. $ forget. Not re- 
| membered. Deal. xxxi. 
To FORHA'IL, f6r-hale'. v. a. [pop-healban, Sax.] 

To draw or distress. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To FORHE'ND* See To Forehend. 
! FORI'NSECAL*, fo-rin'-se-kal. a. [forinsecus, Lat.] 
Foreign ; alien. 
To FORISFAMI'LIATE*, fo-rls-fa-mil'-e-ate. v. a. 
[foris and familia, Lat.] To put a son in posses- 
sion of land in the life-time of his father. Blackstone. 
FORK §, fSrk. n. s. [pope, Sax.] An instrument di- 
vided at the end into two or more points or prongs. 
1 Sam. xiii. The point of an arrow. Shak. A point. 
Addison. A gibbet, [furca, Lat.] Butler. 
To FORK, f6rk. v. n. To shoot into blades, as corn 

does out of the ground. Mortimer. 
FO'RKED, foV-keU 366. a. Opening into two or 
more parts. Sliak. Having two or more meanings. 
B. Jonson, 
FO'RKEDLY, for'-ked-le. ad. In a forked form. 

Sliervwod. 
FO'RKEDNESS, for'-ked-nes. n. s. The quality of 

opening into two parts or more. Cotgrave. 
FO'RKHEAD, fork'-hed. n. s. Point of an arrow. 

Spenser. 
FO'RKINESS*, fork'-e-nes. n. s. A fork-like divis 

ion. Cotgrave. 
FO'RKTAIL* f6rk'-tale. n. s. A young salmon, in 

his fourth year's growth. 
FO'RKY, for'-ke. a. Forked; furcated; opening 

into two parts. Addison. 
To FORLA'Y*. See To Forelay. 
To FORLE'ND*. See To Forelend. 
400 



FOR 



FOR 



— ni, move, nir, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — ill ; — pound ;— Min, 



FORLORE, fir-lire', a. Deserted: forsaken. Spar- 
ser. Ob. J. 

FORLORN $, forlorn', a. frop.oren, Sax.] De- 
serted ; destitute; forsaken; wretched; helpless; 

solitary. Spenser. Taken away. Chancer. Small; 
despicable : in a ludicrous sense. Shakspeurc. 

$£r This word is sometimes, but improperly, pronounced 
so us to rhyme with mourn. Mr. Sheridan", Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. S"ott, Mr. I'erry, and W. Johnston, make it rhyme 
with corn. W. 

FORLO'RN, fir-lim'. n.s. A lost, solitary, forsaken 
person. Shak. — Forlorn hope. The soldiers who 
are sent first to the attack, and arc therefore doom- 
ed or expected to perish. Hammond. 

FORLORNNESS, fir-lirn'-ngs. n. s. Destitution ; 
misery: solitude. Boyle.' 

7V>FORLY'E, fir-li'. v.n. To lie before. Spenser. 

FORM 9, firm, or form. n. s. [forma, Lat.] The ex- 
ternal appearance of any thing-; representation; 
shape. Job, iv. Being 1 , as modified by a particu- 
lar shape. Dryden. Particular model or modifi- 
cation. Locke. Beauty; elegance of appearance. 
ha. liii. Regularity; method; order. Sliak. Ex- 
ternal appearance, without the essential qualities; 
empty show. Dryden. Ceremony ; external rites. 
Bacon. Slated method; established practice ; ritual 
and prescribed mode. Hooker. A long seat. Walts. 
A class; a rank of students. Dryden. The seat or 
bed of a hare. Sidney. The essential, specifical, or 
distinguishing modification of matter, so as to give 
it a peculiar manner of existence. Hooker. A for- 
mer cause ; that which gives essence. Bacon. 

£c5= When this word signifies a long seat or a class of 
students, it is universally pronounced with the o as in 
four, more. &c. It is not a little surprising, that none j 
of our dictionaries, except Mr. Smith's and Mr. 
Nares', take any notice of this distinction in the 
sound of the o, when the word signifies a seat or class. 
It were to be wished, indeed, that wo had fewer of these 
ambiguously sounding words, which, while they dis- 
tinguish to the ear, confuse and puzzle the eye. — See 
Bowl. W. 

To FORM, form. v. a. [fonno, Lat.] To make out 
of materials. Gen. vii. To model to a particular 
shape or state. Milton. To modify ; to scheme ; 
to plan. Dryden. To arrange; to combine in any 
particular manner : as, He formed his troops. To 
adjust; to settle. Decay of Piety. To contrive; to 
coin. Decay of Piety. To model by education or 
institution. To seat. Drayton. 

To FORM*, firm, v. n. To take any particular form. 

FO'RMAL$, fir'-mal. 88. a. [formedis, Lat.] Cere- 1 
monious ; solemn ; precise ; exact to affectation. ' 
Bacon. Done according to established rules and 
methods ; not sudden. Hooker. Regular ; method- 
ical. Waller. External ; having the appearance, 
but not the essence. Dryden. Depending upon 
establishment or custom. Pope. Having the power 
of making any thing what it is; constituent; es- 
sential. Holder. Retaining its proper and essen- 
tial characteristick ; regular ; proper. S'nakspeare. 

FORMALIST, fir'-mal-lst. n.s. [formalist, Fr.] 
One who practises external ceremony; one who 
prefers appearance to reality. Bacon. An advo- 
cate for form in disputations. Lord Shaftesbury. 

FORMALITY, fir-mal'-e-te. n.s. [formalite, Fr.] 
Ceremony; established mode of behavioui. Hook- 
er. Solemn order, method, mode, habit, or dress. 
Dnjden. External appearance. Glanville. Es- 
sence ; the quality by which any thing is what it is. 
S(illin<r fleet. 

To FORMALIZE, fir'-ma-llze. v. a. [formelizer, 
Fr.] To model ; to modify. Hooker. Ob. J. 

To FORMALIZE*, fir'-ma-llze. v.n. To affect 
formality. Hales. 

FORMALLY, iir'-mal-le. ad. According to es- 
tablished rules. Shak. Ceremoniously ; stiffly ; 
precisely. Collier. In open appearance. Hooker. 
Essentially ; characteristically. South. 

FORMATION, fir-ma'-shun/n.s. [formation, Fr.] 
The act of forming or generating. Woodicard. The 
manner in which a thing is formed. Brown. 
51 



FORMATIVE, fir'-ma-tlv. 157. a. Having the 
power of giving form; plastick. Benlleu. 

FORMER, firm'-iir. 16U n.s. He that forms; 
maker; contriver; planner. Ray. 

FORMER $, fir'-mur. 98. a. [popma, Sax.] Be- 
fore another in time. Shakspcare. Mentioned be- 
fore another. Pope. Past : as, This was the cus- 
tom in former times. Harte. 

FORMERLY, fir'-m&r-le. ad. In times past. Addi- 
son. At first. Spenser. 

FORMFUL*, firm'-ful. a. Ready to create forms ; 
imaginative. Tlwmson. 

FORMIC A TION*, fir-me-ka'-shun. n.i. [fonnica- 
tio, Lat.] A sensation like that of the creeping or 
stinging of ants. Dr. James. 

FORMIDABLE §, fir'-me-cla-bl. a. [fomddahilis, 
Lat.] Terrible; dreadful; tremendous; terrifick. 
Bp. Taylor. 

FORMIDABLENESS, fir'-m6-da-bl-nes. n.s. The 
quality of exciting terrour or dread. The thing Caus- 
ing, dread. Decay of Piety. 

FORMIDABLY, lir'-me-da-ble. ad. In a terrible 
manner. Dryden. 

FORMLESS, iirm'-]£s. a. Shapeless ; without reg- 
ularitv of form. Shakspcare. 

FORMO'SITY*, fSr-mos'-e-te. n. s. [formositas, 
Lat.] Beauty; fairness. Cockeram. 

FORMULA*, fir'-mu-la. n. s. [Lat.] A prescribed 
form or order. Aubrey. 

FORMULARY, iir'-mu-lar-e. n. s. A prescribed 
model ; a form usually observed. Bacon. A book 
containing stated forms. Warton. 

FORMULARY, fir'-mu-lai-e. a. Ritual; prescrib- 
ed ; stated. 

FORMULE, fir'-mule. n. s. [formule, Fr.] A set 
orprescribed model. 

To FORNICATE §, fir'-ne-kate. v. n. [fornix, Lat.] 
To commit lewdness. Bp. Hall. 

FORNICATED*, fir'-ne-ka-ted. c. Polluted by for- 
nication. Milton. 

FORNICA'TION, for-ne-ka'-sbun. n. s. Concubin 
age, or commerce with an unmarried woman. 
Graunt. [In Scripture.] Some imes idolatry. 
Ezekiel, xvi. [Among builders.] A kind of arch- 
ing or vaulting. 

FORNICATOR, fir'-ne-ka-tur. 166, 521. n.s. One 
that has commerce with unmarried women. Bp. 
Taylor. 

FORNICATRESS, fir'-ne-ka-tres. n. s. A woman 
who, without marriage, cohabits with a man. Shak- 
speare. 

To FORPA'SS*. fir-pas', v. n. To go by ; to pass 
unnoticed. Spenser. 

To FORPI'NE* fir-pine', v. a. [for and pine.] To 

waste away. Spenser. 
JToFORRA'YS*, fir-ra'. r. a. [fourrer, Fr.] To 
ravage ; to spoil a country. Spenser. 

FORRA'Y*, fir-ra'. n. s. The act of ravaging, or 

making hostile incursion upon a country. Spenser. 
ToFORSA'KES, fir-sake', v. a. preter. forsook ; 
part. pass, forsook, or forsaken. [pop.]*acan, Sax.] 
To leave in resentment, or dislike. Cmdey. To 
leave ; to go away from. Dryden. To desert ; to 
fail. Rcnve. 

FORSA'KER, fir-sa'-kfir. 98. n. s. Deserter ; one 
that forsakes. Apocrxjpha. 

FORSAKING*, fir-sa'-king. n. s. Dereliction. Isai- 
ah, vi. 
ToFORSA'Y*, fir-si', v. a. To renounce. Spenser. 

To forbid. Spenser. 
To FORSLA'CK*. fir-slak'. v. a. To delay. Spen- 
ser: 
To FORSLOW*. See To Foreslow. 

FORSOOTH, fir-soM'. ad. [pop. r o3e, Sax.] In 
truth ; certainly ; very well. Shak. Once a. word 
of honour in address to women. Guardian. 

FORSTER*, firs'-tur. n.s. A forester. Chaucer. 
To FORSPE'AK*. See To Forespeak. 
To FORSPE'ND*. See To Forespend. 

FORSWA'T*. See Foreswat. 
To FORSWE'AR§, fir-sware'. v. a. peCfomMfrt 
part, forsxeom. [pop/ppaejiian, Sax.] To renouuc« 
401 



FOR 












FOS 


(LT 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fill, 


fat;- 


— me, met ;- 


-plne 


pin 3— 






upon oath. Shak. To deny upon oath. Shak. With 
the reciprocal pronoun : as, to forswear himself; to 
beperjured; to swear falsely. S/utkspeare. 
To FORSWE/AR, for-sware'. v. n. To swear false- 
ly ; to commit perjury. Shakspeare. 
FORSWE'ARER, fSr-swar'-ar. n. s. One who is 

perjured. 
FORSWO NK*. n. s. [for and swink.] Overlabour- 
ed. Spetiser. 
FORSWORNNESS*. n.s. The state of being for- 
sworn. Manning. 
FORT §, fort. n. s. [fort, Fr.] A fortified house ; a 
castle. Bacon. A strong - side, in opposition to foible. 
FO / RTE*,{&r>-iLad.[lia\.-] [In musick.] Loudly, 

with strength and spirit. 
FORTED, fort'-ed. a. Furnished or guarded by 

forts. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

FORTH $, forth, ad. [popS, Sax.] Forward ; onward 

in time. Spenser. Forward in place or order. 

Whitgift. Abroad ; out of doors. Dry den. Out 

away j beyond the boundary of any place. Spenser. 

Out into publick view. Peacham. Thoroughly ; from 

beginning to end. Shak. To a certain degree. 

Hammond. On to the end. Memoir in Strype. 

Away ; be gone ; go forth. Beaumont and Fletclw. 

FORTH, [6nlt. prep. Out of. Shakspeare. 

FORTH*, forth, n.s. [fort, Su. Goth.] A way. Ob. T. 

FORTHCOMING, iortfi-k&m'-ing. a. [foiih and 

coming.'] Ready to appear ; not absconding. Shak. 

To FORTHFNK* f6r-*/imgk'. tf. a. To repent of j to 

unthink. Spenser. 
FORTHFSSUING, fbiih-kh'-shh-hg. a. Coming 

out ; coming forward from a covert. Pope. 
FORTHRFGHT, f&rf/i-rlle'. ad. Straight forward 3 

without flexions. Sidney. Ob. J. 
FORTHRFGHT, forth-rke'. n. s. A straight path. 

Shakspeare. 
FORTHWARD*, iOrf/i'-ward. ad. Forward. Bp. 

Fisher. 
FORTHWFTH, fovth-wW.ad. Immediately ; with- 
out delay 5 at once 3 straight. Sjienser. 
§Cf TH, in with t at the end of this word, is pronounced 
with the sharp sound, as in thin, contrary to the sound 
of those letters in the same word when single. The 
same may be observed of the/ in whereof. 377. W. 

FORTHY*, fov'-thk. ad. [popol, Sax.] Therefore. 

Spenser. Ob. T. 
FORTIETH, for'-ie-kh. 279. a. The fourth tenth ; 

next after the thirty-ninth. Donne. Swift. 
FORTIFIABLE, tSr'-te-fl-a-bl. a. What may be 

fortified. Cotgrav>e. 
FORTIFICATION, for-te-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. The 

science of military architecture. Harris. A place 

built for strength. Sidncij. Addition of strength. 

Government of the Tongue. 
FORTIFIER, for'-te-fl-ur. n. s. One who erects 

works for defence. Carew. One who supports or 

secures. Sidney. 
To FORTIFY ^for'-ie-fl. v. a. [fortifier, Fr.] To 

strengthen against attacks by walls or works. Ec- 

clus.X To confirm ; to encourage. Sidney. To 

fix ; to establish in resolution. Locke. 
FORTILAGE, for'-til-aje. n. s. A little fort ; a 

blockhouse. Spenser. 
FOR TIN, ftrt'-in. n.s. [Fr.] A little fort. Shak. 
FORTITUDE, fSr'-te-tude. n. s. [fortitudo, Lat.] 

Courage ; bravery. Locke. Strength 5 force. Shak. 
FORTLET, fort'-let. n. s. A little fort. 
FO'RTNIGHT, fort'-nlte. 144. n. s. [contracted 

from fourteen nights.'} The space of two weeks. 

Sidney. 
FORTRESS §, fdr'-tres. n.s. [forteresse, Fr.] A 

strong hold ; a fortified place. Locke. 
To FORTRESS*, f6r'-tres. v. a. To guard ; to for- 
tify. Shakspeare. 
FORTUITOUS $, f6r-tu'-e-tus. 463. a. [fortuitus, 

Lat.] Accidental ; casual. Ray. 
$*r The reason that the t, in this word and its compounds, 

does not take the hissing sound, as it does in fortune, is, 

because the accent is after it, 463. W. 
FORTUITOUSLY, ffir-uV-e-tus-le. ad. Accident- 
ally ; casually ; by chance. Rogers. 



FORTUITOUSNESS, fdr-tu'-e-tfis-nSs. n.s. Acci- 
dent j chance j hit. 
FORTUITY*, for-uV-e-te. n.s. Chance 5 accident 

Forbes. 
FO'RTUNATE, foV-tshu-nate. a. Lucky ; happy j 

successful. Shakspeare. 
FORTUNATELY, for'-tshu-nate-le. ad. Happily ; 

successfully. Prior. 
FORTUNATENESS^or'-tshu-nate-nSs. n. s. Hap 

piness; good luck; success. Sidney. 
FORTUNE §, for'-tshiine. 461. n. s. [fortuna, Lat.] 
The power supposed to distribute the lots of life 
according to her own humour. Shak. The good 
or ill that befalls man. Berdley. The chance of 
life; means of living. Swift. Success, good or bad; 
event. Temple. Esta«e ; possessions. Sluxk. The 
portion of a man or woman : generally of a woman. 
Spectator. Futurity; future events. Cowley. 
To FORTUNE*, foV-tshune. v. a. To make fortu- 
nate. Chaucer. To dispose of fortunately or not. 
Chaucer. To presage. Dry den. 
To FORTUNE, for'-tshune. v. n. To befall ; to fall 
out ; to happen; to come casually to pass. Spenser. 
FORTUNED, ior'-tshund. 359. a. Supplied by for- 
tune. Sliakspeare. 
FORTUNEBOOK, fdr'-tshun-boSk. n.s. A book 

consulted to know fortune. Crasliaw. 
FORTUNEHUNTER,f6r'-tshuii-hun-tur. n.s. A 
man whose employment is to inquire after women 
with great portions, to enrich himself by marrying 
them. Spectator. 
FORTUNELESS*, f6fMshun-lgs. a. Luckless. 

Spenser. Without an estate ; without a portion. 
To FORTUNETELL, f6r'-tshun-tel. v. n. To pre- 
tend to the power of revealing futurity. Shak. To 
reveal futurity. Cleaveland. 
FORTUNETELLER, forMshun-tel-lur. n. s. One 
who cheats common people by pretending to the 
knowledge of futurity. Bacon. 
To FORTUNIZE*, f8r'-tshun-lze. v. a. To regu- 
late the fortune of. Spenser. 
FORTY §, fcV-te. 182. a. [peopepti^, Sax.] Four 

times ten. Shakspeare. 
FO'R UM, f^-r&m. 544. n. s. [Lat.] Any publick 

place. Watts. 
To FORWARDER $, for-wan'-dur. v.n. To wan- 
der wildly and wearily. Spenser. 
FORWA'NDERED*, f6r-wan'-dfird. a. Lost; be- 
wildered. Mirror for Magistrates. 
FORWARD §, for'-ward. 88. ad. [poppeapb, Sax.] 
Towards ; to a part or place before ; onward ; pro- 
gressively. Spenser. 
FORWARD, foV-ward. a. Warm ; earnest. Gal 
ii. Ardent; eager; hot; violent. Prior. Ready; 
confident ; presumptuous. Dryden. Not reserved ; 
not over modest. Shak. Premature; early ripe. 
Shak. Quick ; ready ; hasty. Locke. Antecedent ; 
anteriour. Shak. Not behindhand ; not inferiour. 
Shakspeare. 
To FORWARD, foY-vvard. v. a. To hasten ; to 
quicken ; to accelerate in growth or improvement. 
Bacon. To patronise ; to advance. 
FORWARDER, f6r / -war-dur. n. s. He who pro- 
motes any thing. Slierwood. 
FORWARDLY, ffir'-ward-le. ad. Eagerly ; hastily; 

quickly. Atterbunj. 
FORWARDNESS, fcV-ward-nes. n.s. Eagerness 
ardour ; readiness to act. Hooker. Quickness ; 
readiness. Wotton. Earliness ; early ripeness. 
Confidence ; assurance ; want of modesty. Addi- 
son. 
FORWARDS, fdr'-wardz. ad. Straight before, 

progressively ; not backwards. Arbuthnot. 
To FORWA^STE^dr-waste'. v. a. To desolate ; to 

destroy. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To FORWE'ARY, f6r-we'-re. v. a. To dispirit with 

labour. Spenser. 
FORWORD*, fdr'-wfird. n. s. [poppypb, Sax.] A 

promise. Clumcer. Ob. T. 
FOSS$, fos. n. s. [fossa, Lat.] A ditch; a moat 

Warton. 
FO'SSET. See Faucet. 
402 



FOU 



FOU 



-n6, move, nor, ndt ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6'fl ; — pound; — thin, tiu 



FOSSWAY, ftV-wa. n. s. [foss and www.] One of 
the great Roman roads through England, so called 
from the ditches on each side. 
FO SSIL j, fos'-sil. a. [fossilis, Lat.] Which may be 

dug out of the earth. Woodward. 
FO SSIL, fos'-sil. 7i. s. Many bodies, dug out of the 

bowels of the earth, are called /os«7*. Locke. 
FOSSILIST*, fos'-se-l'ist. n.s. One who studies the 

nature of fossils. Johnson. 
To FO'STER$ ; fos'-tftr. 98. v. a. [porfcman, Sax.] 
To nurse ; to feed ; to support. Shak. To pamper 5 
to encourage. Sidney. To cherish ; to forward. 
Thomson. 
To FOSTER* ffls'-tfir. v.n. To be nursed, or train- 
ed up together. Spenser. 
FOSTER*, fos'-tur. n. s. A forester. Spenser. 
FOSTERAGE, fos'-tfir-fdje. 90. n. s. The charge 

of nursing; alterage. Raleigh. 
FO'STERBROTHER, ffis'-tfir-br&TH-ur. n. s. One 

bred at the same pap. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FO'STERCHILD, f6s / -tfir-tshlld. n. s. A child nurs- 
ed by a woman not the mother, or bred by a man 
not the father. Varies. 
FO'STERDAM, fos'-l&r-dam. n.s. [foster and dam.] 
A nurse ; one that performs the office of a mother. 
Dm den. 
FO STEREARTH, fos'-t&r-erf/i. n. s. Earth by 
which the plant is nourished, though it did not grow 
at first in it. Phillips. 
FOSTERER, fos'-tur-ur. n.s. A nurse; one who 
gives food in the place of a parent. Davies. An 
encourager; a forwarder. Ascham. 
FO'STERFATHER, f&s'-tfir-f a-THur. n. s. One 

who gives food in the place of a father. Davies. 
FOSTERING*, fos'-tur-frig. n. s. Nourishment. 

Chaucer. 
FOSTERLING*, fSs'-tfir-ting. n. s. A foster-child • 

a nurse-child. B. Jonson. 
FOSTERMENT* f6s / -tur-ment. n. s. Food ; nour- 
ishment. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
FO'STERMOTHER, fds'-t&r-m&TH-fir. n.s. A 

nurse. Sir M. Sandys. 
FOSTERNURSE, fos'-tftr-n&rse. n.s. A nurse. 

Sluikspeare. 
FO'STERSHIP*, fos'-tur-shlp. n. s. The office of a 

forester. Clmrton. 
FO STERSON, fSs'-t&r-s&n. n. s. One fed and edu- 
cated, though not the son by nature. Dry den. 
FO STRESS* f6s'-tres. n. s. A nurse. B. Jonson. 
FO'THER*, fe-TH'-ur. n. s. [poSeji, Sax.] A load ; 

a large quantity. Clvxucer. 
FOUGA'DE. foo-gade'. n.s. [Fr.] In the art of 
war, a sort of little mine in the manner of a well, j 
dug under some work or fortification. Diet. 
FOUGHT, fawt. 393, 319. The preterit and parti- 
ciple of fight. 
FOUGHTEN, faw'-tn. 103. The passive partici- 
ple of fight : rarely used. 
F6ul£ foul. 313. a. [pul, Sax.] Not clean; filthy; 
dirty; miry. Job,xvi. Impure; polluted; full of 
filth. Sfutk. Wicked ; detestable ; abominable. St. 
Mark. Not lawful. Shak. Hateful; ugly; loath- 
some. Spenser. Disgraceful ; shameful. Milton. 
Coarse ; gross. Felton. Full of gross humours ; 
wanting purgation. Shak. Not bright; not serene. 
St. Matthew. With rough force ; with unseasona- 
ble violence. Clarendon. [Among seamen.] En- 
tangled, as, a rope is foul of the anchor. Unfa- 
vourable; as, a/owZwind. Dangerous; as, the 
foul ground of a road, sea-coast, or bay. 
To FOTJL, foul. v. a. (jylan, Sax^J To daub; to be- 

mire ; to make filthy ; to dirty. Evelyn. 
To FO'ULDER*. v. n. [fouldroyer', Fr.] To emit 

great heat. Spenser. 
FOULFACED, fdul'-faste. 359. a. Having an ugly 

or hateful visage. Shakspeare. 
FOULFEEDING*, fouF-feed-fng. a. Gross; of 

coarse food. Bp. Hall. 
FOULLY, foul'-le. ad. Filthily; nastily; odiously; 
scandalously ; shamefully. Hayward. Not lawful- 
\y ; not fairly. Shakspeare. 
FOULMOUTHED, foul'-mSuTHd. a. Scurrilous; 



habituated to the use of opprobrious terms and ept 
thcts. Addison. 

FO'ULNLSS, fouF-nes. n.s. The quality of being 
foul ; filthiness; nastiness. Wi/kins. Pollution ; im- 
purity. Shak. Halefulness ; atrociousness. B. Jon- 
son. Ugliness; deformity. Sidney. Dishonesty; 
want of candour. Hammond. 

FOULSPOKEN*, f6uF-sp6-kn. a. Contumelious; 
slanderous. Titus Andronkus. 

FOUMART*, n. s. [Jul, Su. Goth, and taari.j A 
polecat. Ascham. 

FOUND, found. 313. The preterit and participle 
passive of find.. 

To FOUNDS, found. 313. v. a. [fundare, Lat.] To 
lay the basis of any building. Matthew, vii. To 
build; to raise. Davies. To establish; to erecl. 
Milton. To give birth or original to; as, Refo/t/ul- 
ed an art. To raise upon, as on a principle or 
ground. Locke. To fix firm. Shakspeare. 

To FOUND, found, v. a. [fundere, Lat.] To form 
by melting and pouring into moulds ; to cast. Mil- 
ton. 

FOUNDATION, fofin-du'-shun. n. s. The basis or 
lower parts of an edifice. Hooker. The act of fix- 
ing the basis. Tic/cell. The principles or ground 
on which any notion is raised. r Tillotson. Origin- 
al; rise. Hooker. A revenue settled and establish- 
ed for any purpose, particularly charity. Swift. 
Establishment; settlement. 

FOUND A'TIONLESS*, f6un-da/-shun-les. a. With- 
out foundation. Hammond. 

FO'UNDER, finV-dur. 98. n. s. A builder; one who 
raises an edifice. Waller. One who establishes a 
revenue for any purpose. Bentley. One from whom 
any thing has its original or beginning. Addison. 
[Jondeur, Fr.] A caster; one who forms figures b} 7 
casting- melted matter into moulds. Grew^ 

To FO'UNDERS, foiW-ddr. 313. v. a. [fondre, Fr.] 
To cause such a soreness and tenderness in a horse's 
foot, that he is unable to set it to the ground. Dor 

To FOUNDER, fdiV-diir. v. n. To sink to the bot 
torn. Raleigh. To fail ; to miscarry. Shakspeare 
To trip ; to fall. Cliaucer. 
FO'UNDEROUS* fdiV-dur-us. a. Failing; not 

equal to use. Ruinous. Burke. 
FOUNDERY, fdtW-dur-e. n. s. A place where 
figures are formed of melted metal; a casting- 
house. 
FOUNDLING, fSund'-mig. n. s. A child exposed to 
chance ; a ch'ld found without any parent or owner. 
Sidney. 
FO'UNDRESS, foun'-dres. n.s. A woman that 
founds, builds, establishes, causes, or begins, any 
thing. Warner. A woman that establishes any 
charitable revenue. Ashmole. 
FOUNTS, fount. 313. ) n. s. [forts, Lat 

FOUNTAIN $, f fiuiF-tm. 208. $ fontaine, Fr.] A 
well ; a spring. Milton. A small basin of spring 
ing water. Addison. A jet ; a spout of water. 
Bacon. The head or first spring of a river. Dry- 
den. Original ; first principle ; first cause. Com- 
mon Prayer.— [In printing.] A set or quantity of 
characters or letters. See Fount. 
FO/UNTA1NHEAD*, fdun'-tm-hgd. n. s. Original ; 

first principle. Young. 
FO'UNTAINLESS, fo-uiF-tfn-les. a. Having no 

fountain ; wanting a spring. Milton. 
FOUNTFUL, fdftnt'-ffll. a. Full of springs. Chap- 

man. 
FOURS, fore. 318. a. [peopeji, Sax.] Twice two. 

Pope. 
FOURBE, foorb. 315. n. s. [Fr.] A cheat; a trick- 
ing fellow. Denham. Ob. J. 
FOURFOLD, fore'-fold. a. Four times told. 2 Sam. 

xii. 
FOURFO'OTED, fore'-fnt-ed. a. Quadruped 5 hav- 
ing four feet. Dryden. 
FO'URRLER*, f oSr'-reer. n. s. [fourier, Fr.] A 

harbinger. Sir G. Buck. 
FOURSCORE, iore'-skbve. a. [four and score.] 
Four times twenty ; eighty. Bacon. 



FRA 



FRA 



[LT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met; — pine, pin; — 



FOURSQUARE, fore'-skware. a. Quadrangular ; 

having- four sides and angles equal. Rakish. 
FOURTEEN, fore'-teen. «. [peopeptyn, Sax.] 

Four and ten ; twice seven. Sliakspeare. 
FOURTEENTH, fore'-teentf*. a. The ordinal of 

fourteen ; the fourth after the tenth. Broum. 
FOURTH, thrik. a. The ordinal of four ; the first 

after the third. Sliakspeare. 
FO'URTHL Y, f&rt/i' le. ad. In the fourth place. Ba- 
con. 
FOURWHE'ELED, fore'-hweeld. a. Runningupon 

twice two wheels. Pope. 
FOUTRA, ffift'-tra. n. s. [/autre, Fr.] A fig ; a scoff. 

Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
FO'UTY*, fooMe. a. [foutu, Fr.] Despicable. 
FOWL$, foul. 223. u.s. [pu£el, puhl, Sax.] A 

winged animal ; a bird. Fowl is used collectively : 

as, We dined upon fish and/m-/. Shakspeare. 
To FOWL, foul. v,.7i. To kill birds for food or game. 

Blackstime. 
FO'WLER, fo&l'-iir. 98. n. s. A sportsman who pur- 
sues birds. Phillips. 
FOILING*, fSul'-ing. n. s. Catching birds with 

birdlime, nets, and other devices ; shooting birds ; | 

and also falconry or hawking. 
FO'WLINGPIECE, f6ul''-mg-peese. n. s. A gun for 

the shooting of birds. Mortimer.. 
FQX§, f6ks. n.s. [pox, Sax.] A wild animal of the 

canine kind, remarkable for its cunning, living in 

holes, and preying upon fowls or small animals. 

Locke. A knave or cunning fellow. Otway. For- 
merly, a cant expression for a sword. Shakspeare. 
To FOX*, f6ks. v. a. [foxa, Su. Goth.] To stupify ; 

to make drunk. Boyle. 
FO'XCASE, f6ks'-kase. n. s. A fox's skin. L'Es- 

trange. 
FO/XCHASE, foks'-tshase. n. s. The pursuit of the 

fox with hounds. Pope. 
FO XERY* . foks'-e-re. n. s. Behaviour like that of j 

a fox. Chaucer. 
FO'XEVIL, foks'-e-vl. n. s. A kind of disease in 

which the hair sheds. 
FOXFISH, toks'-flsh. n. s. A fish. 
FO'XGLOVE, foks'-gluv. n. s. A plant. Mller. 
FOXHOUND*, f oks'-hSund. n. s. A hound for 

chasing foxes. Slmisfone. 
FO'XHUNTER, foks'-hunt-ur. n. s. A man whose 

chief ambition is to show his bravery in hunting 

foxes. Spectator. 
FO'XISH*, foks'-Ssh. a. Cunning; artful, like a fox. 

Tyrwhitl. 
FO'XLIKE* f&ksMlke. a. Resembling the cunning 

of a fox. 
FO'XLY*, foks'-le. a. Having the qualities of a fox. j 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
FO'XSHIP, foks'-shlp. n. s. The character of a fox ; ! 

cunning ; mischievous art. Shakspeare. 
FO'XTAIL, foks'-uile. n. s. A plant. 
FO'XTRAP, f 6ks'-trap. n. s. A gin or snare to catch 

foxes. Tatler. 
FO'XY*, foks'-e. a. Belonging to a fox. Huloet. 

Wily as a fox. Ahp. Cramner. 
FOY,f6e. n.s. [foi, Fr.] Faith; allegiance. Spenser. 

Oh. J. 
FOY*, foe. n. s. [foey, Teut.] A feast given by one 

who is about to leave a place. England's Jests. 
FO'YSON. SeeFoisoN. 
To FRACT, frakt. v. a. [fraclus, Lat.] To break ; 

to violate ; to infringe. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
FRACTIONS, frak'-sh&n. n. s. [f radio, Lat.] The 
act of breaking ; the state of being broken. Burnet. 
A broken part of an integral. Brown. 
FRACTIONAL, frak'-shun-al. 88. a. Belonging to j 

a broken number. Cocker. 
FRACTIOUS*, frak'-shus. a. Cross ; peevish ; fret- 
ful. 

FRACTURES, frak'-tshiire. 461. n.s. [fractura, 
Lat.] Breach ; separation of continuous parts. 
Hale. The separation of the continuity of a bone 
in living bodies. Herbert. 

To FRACTURE, frak'-tshure. v. a. To break a 
bone. Wiseman. To break any thing. Shenstone. 



FRAGILE §, fradjeMl. 140. a. [fragilis, Lat.] Brit 
tie ; easily snapped or broken. Bacon. Weak ; 
uncertain; easily destroyed. Milton. 

§£T All our orthoepists are uniform in the pronunciation 
of this word with the a short. W. 

FRAGILITY, fra-jll'-e-le. n. s. Brittleness ; easi- 
ness to be broken. Bacon. Weakness ; uncertain- 
ty. Knoltes. Frailty ; liableness to fault. Wotton 

FRAGMENT $, frag'-ment. n. s. [fragmentum 
Lat.] A part broken from the whole ; an imper- 
fect piece. Dryden. 

FRAGMENTARY, frag'-men-tar-e. a. Composed 
of fragments. Donne. 

FRAG OR, fra'-g6r. 166, 544. [See Drama.] n. s. 
[Lat.] A noise; a crack; a crash. Sandys. A sweet 
smell; a strong smell. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. J. 

FRAGRANCE, fr;V-granse. )n. s. Sweetness of 

FRAGRANCY, fra'-gran-se. $ smell ; pleasing 
scent ; grateful odour. Milton. 

FRAGRANT §, fra'-grant. 544. a. [fragrans, Lat.] 
Odorous; sweet of smell. Milton. 

{£/= This word is sometimes, but improperly, heard with 
the a in the firsL syllable pronounced short. — See Drama. 

FRAGRANTLY, fra'-grant-le. ad. With sweet 

scent. Mortimer. 
FRAIL, frale. 202. «. s. [fraile. old Fr.] A basket 

made of rushes. Barret. A rush for weaving 

FRAIL sS frale. a. [fragilis, Lat.] Weak; easily 
decaying ; subject to casualties ; easily destroyed. 
Davies. Weak of resolution ; liable to errour or 
seduction. Bp. Taylor. 

FRAILNESS, frale'-nes. n. s. Weakness; instabili- 
ty. Non-is. 

FRAILTY, frale'-te. n. s. Weakness of resolution ; 
instability of mind ; infirmity. Locke. Fault pro- 
ceeding from weakness; sins of infirmity. Law. 

FRATSCHEUR, fra'-shure. n. s. [Fr.] 'Freshness; 
coolness. Dry den. 

FRAISE, fraze. 202. «. s. [Fr.] A pancake with 
bacon in it. Fraises are pointed stakes in fortifica- 
tion. 

To FRAMED, frame, v. a. [ppemman, Sax.] To 
form or fabricate by orderly construction. Spenser. 
To fit one to another. Abbot. To make ; to com- 
pose. Shak. To regulate ; to adjust. Tillotson. 
To form to any rule or method by study or precept. 
Shale. To form and digest by thought. Locke. 
To contrive ; to plan. Clarendon. To settle ; to 
scheme out. Shakspeare. To invent ; to fabricate. 
Bacon. 

To FRAME*, frame, v. n. To contrive, fudges. 

FRAME, frame, n. s. A fabrick ; any thing construct- 
ed of various parls or members. Hooker. Any 
thing made so as to enclose or admit somelhing 
else. Newton. Order ; regularity ; adjusted series 
or disposition. Shak. Scheme ; order. Clarendon 
Contrivance ; projection. SlwJc. Mechanical con 
struction. Shape ; form ; proportion. Hudibras. 

FRA'MER, frame/ -ur. 98. n. s. Maker ; former ; con 
triver ; schemer. Hammond. 

FRA'MEWORK*, frame'-wurk. n.s. Work done 
in a frame. Milton.^ 

FRA 'MING*, fra'-mmg. n. s. A joining together ; as 
the framing of a house, i. e. the timber-work in it. 

FRA/MPOLD, frarn/-p6ld. a. Peevish ; boisterous ; 
rugged ; crossgrained. Haclcei. 

FRANCHISE §, fran'-tshlz. 140. n.s. Exemption 
from any onerous duty. Privilege ; immunity ; 
right granted. Davies. District ; extent of juris- 
diction. Spenser. 

To FRANCHISE, fran'-tshlz. v.a. To enfranchise ; 
to make free. Shak. To possess a right or privilege. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

FRA'NCHISEMENT*, fran'-tshfz-ment. n. s. Re- 
lease ; freedom. Spenser. 

FRANCPSCAN*, fran-sis'-kln. n. s. A monk of the 
order of St. Francis. Weever. 

FRANCPSCAN*, fran-sls'-kan. a. Relating to the 
order of St. Francis. Milton. 
404 



FRA 



FRK 



-n6 ; move, ndr, ndt ;— tibe, tab, bull 5— 611 ;— pfiflnd ;— thin, THis. 



FRA NGIBLE, fran'-je-bl. 405. a. [frango, Lat.] 

fragile; brittle; easily broken. Boyle. 
FKA'NION. Iran ; -yun. ». s. A paramour; a boon 

companion. Spenser. 
FRANK}, frangk. 408. a. [franc, Fr.] Liberal 3 
generous ; not niggardly. Bacon. Open ; ingenu- 
ous ; sincere ; not reserved. Shak. Without con- 
ditions ; without payment. Spenser. Not restrain- 
ed ; licentious. Spenser. Fatted ; in good condi- 
tion. Bale. 
FRANK, frangk. n. s. A place to feed hogs in ; a sty. 
Shak. A letter which pays no postage. Pope. A 
French coin. 
To FRANK, frangk. v. a. To shut up in a frank or 
sty. Shak. To teed high ; to fat 5 to cram. Hoi- 
inu-shed. To exempt letters from postage. Swift. 
FRANK ALMOl'GNE, frangk-al-mom'. «. 5. A ten- 
ure in frankalmoigne , according to Britton, is a 
tenure by divine service. Ayliffe. 
FRANKCHA'SE*, frangk-tshase'.n.s. A free chase 5 

the liberty of free chase. Howell. 
FRA'NKINCENSE, frangk' -In-sense. n. s. [frank 
and incense.] A dry, resinous substance, in pieces 
or drops, of a pale yellowish-white colour ; a strong 
smell, but not disagreeable; and a bitter, acrid, and 
resinous taste. Exod. 
FR A NK1SH*, frangk' -ish. a. Relating to the Franks. 

Verstegan. 
FRANKLIN, frangk'-lm. n.s. A freeholder of con- 
siderable propertv. Spe?iser. 
FRANKLY, frangk'-le. ad. Liberally; freely; 
kindly ; readily. St. Luke, vn. Without constraint. 
Clarendon. Without reserve. Clarendoit. 
FRA'NKNESS, frangk'-nes. n. s. Plainness of 
speech ; openness ; ingenuousness. Clarendon. 
Liberality; bounteousness. Freedom from re- 
serve. Sidney. 
FRANKPLEDGE, frangk-pledje'. n.s. [franci- 
pkgium, Lat.] A pledge or surely for freemen. 
Cowel. 
FRANKS*, frangks. n. s. People of Franconia in 
Germany; and the ancient French. Verstegan. 
An appellation given by the Turks, Arabs, and 
Greeks, to all the people of the western parts of 
Europe. 
FRA'NTICK$, fran'-flk. a. [corrupted from phrene- 
tick. SeePHRENETicK.] Mad; deprived of under- 
standing by violent madness. Spenser. Transport- 
ed by violence or passion ; outrageous ; turbulent. 
Hooker. Simply mad. Shakspeare. 
FRA'NTICKLY, fran'-tlk-le. ad. Madly; distract- 
edly ; outrageously. Bale. 
FRA'NTICKNESS, frauV-dk-nes. n.s. Madness; 

fury of passion ; distraction. Sherwood. 
FR AT E'RNAL §, fra-ter'-nal. 88. a. [fratemus, Lat.] 
Brotherly ; pertaining to brothers ; becoming broth- 
ers. Hammond. 
FRATE'RNALLY, fra-teV-nal-e. ad. In a brotherly 

manner. Cotgrave. 
FRATE'RNITY, fra-ter'-ne-te. n.s. The state or 
quality of a brother. Body of men united ; cor- 
poration : society ; association ; brotherhood. L' 'Es- 
trange Men of the same class or character. South. 
FRATERNIZATION*, frat-ur-ne-za'-shun. n.s. A 

sort of brotherhood. Burke. 
To FRATE'RNIZE*, fra-ier'-nlze. v. n. To concur 

with ; to be near unto ; to agree as brothers. 
FRA'TRICIDE, frat'-re-slde. 143. n. s. [fratricidi- 
um, Lat.] The murder of a brother. Maundrell. 
One who kills a brother. L, -Addison. 
FRAUD §, frawd. 213. n. s. [fraus, Lat.] Deceit ; 
cheat ; trick ; artifice ; subtilty ; stratagem. Mil- 
ton. Misfortune ; damage. Milton. 
FRATJDFUL, frawd'-ful. a. Treacherous; artful; 

trickish ; deceitful ; subtle. SJmkspeare. 
FRA'UDFULLY, frawd'-ful-le. ad. Deceitfully; 

artfully; subtly. 
FRA'UDULENCE, fraw'-du-lense. )n. s. Deceit- 
FRA'UDULENCY, fraw'-du-len-se. \ fulness ; trick- 

ishness ; proneness to artifice. Hooker. 
J£T F° x the propriety of pronouncing the d in these words 
like j, sea Principles, No. 293, 376. TV. 



FRAUDULENT, fraw'-do-lent. a. [fraudulentuS, 
Lai.] Full of artifice ; trickish ; subtle ; deceitful. 
Milton. Performed by artifice ; deceitful ; treach- 
erous. Milton. 

FRA'UDULENTLY^raw'-du-lent-le. ad. By fraud; 
by deceit ; by artifice ; deceitfully. Woolton. 

FRAUGHT $, frawt. 393. paHicip.pass. [vrachten, 
Teut.j Laden ; charged. Shak. Filled ; stored . 
thronged. Hooker. 

FRAUGHT, frawt. n. s. [vracht, Teut.] A freight ; 
a cargo. Shakspeare. 

To FRAUGHT, frawt. v. a. To load ; to crowd 
Bacon. 

FRA'UGHTAGE, fraw'-tldje. n. s. Lading; cargo. 
Milton. 

FRAY$, fra. 220. n. s. [ejfrayer, Fr.] A battle ; a 
fight. Fairfax. A duel; a combat. Denluxm. A 
broil; a quarrel ; a riot of violence. Stuxkspeare. 

To FRAY, fra. v. a. To fright ; to terrify. Spenser. 
To rub : to wear. Tatler. To burnish, as a deer 
his head, by rubbing. Whalley. 

FRA'YING* fra'-ing. n. s. Peel of a deer's horn. B. 
Jonson. 

FREAK§, freke. 227. n.s. [freka, Icel] A sudden 
and causeless change of place. A sudden fancy 5 
a humour ; a whim ; a capricious prank. Spectator. 

To FREAK, freke. v. a. [freken, a freckle, or spot.} 
To variegate ; to chequer. Milton. 

FRE'AKISH, freke'-lsh. a. Capricious; humor- 
some. Barrow. 

FRE'AKISHLY, freke'-lsh-le. ad. Capriciously; 
humorsomely. 

FRE'AKISHNESS, freke'-lsh-nes. n. s. Capricious- 
ness; humorsomeness ; whimsicalness. 

To FREAM, freem. v. n. [fremere, Lat.] To growl 
or grunt as a boar. Bailey. 

FRECKLE §, frek'-kl. 405. n. s. [freken, a mole or 
spot.] A spot raised in the skin by the sun. Dry- 
den. Any small spot or discoloration. Evelyn. 

FRE'CKLED, frek'-kld. 359. a. Spotted ; maculat- 
ed. Levit. xiii. 

FRE'CKLEDNESS*, frgk'-kld-nes. n. s. The state 
of being freckled. Slier-wood. 

FRE'CKLEFACED*, frek'-kl-faste. a. Having a 
face full of freckles. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FRE'CKLY, freV-kle. a. Full of freckles. Sherwood. 

FRED. The same with peace. So Frederick is,, 
powerful or wealthy in peace ; Winfred, victorious 
peace. Gibson. 

FREE §, free. 246. a. [pjieah, Sax.] At liberty ; not 
enslaved. Temple. Uncompelled ; unrestrained, 
Hooker. Not bound by fate ; not necessitated. 
Milton. Permitted ; allowed. Milton. Licentious 5 
unrestrained. Temple. Open ; ingenuous; frank, 
Otway. Acquainted ; conversing without reserve, 
Hakewill. Liberal ; not parsimonious. Pope. 
Frank ; not gained by importunity ; not purchas- 
ed. Bacon. Clear from distress. Slia/c. Guiltless ; 
innocent. Shak. Exempt. Denham. Invested 
with franchises ; possessing any thing without vas- 
salage. Dryden. Without expense ; as, a free- 
school. South. Accomplished; genteel; charm- 
ing. Chaucer. Ready; eager. Spemer. 

To FREE, free. v. a. To set at liberty; to rescue 
from slavery ; to manumit ; to loose. 2 Mace. ii. 
To rid from ; to clear from any thing ill. Claren- 
don. To clear from impediments or obstructions. 
Dryden. To banish ; to send away ; to rid Shak. 
To exempt. Rom. vi. 

FREEBO'OTER/ree-bSS'-lur^fre^-boO-tttr^ones.] 
n. s. A robber ; a plunderer ; a pillager. Bacon. 

FREEBO'OTING, free-b66'-tlng. n. s. Robbery; 
plunder. Spenser. 

FRE'EBORN, free'-b6rn. a. Not a slave ; inheriting- 
liberty. Acts, xxii. 

FRE'ECHAPEL, free-tshap'-el. n.s. A chape! of 
the king's foundation, and by him exempted from 
the jurisdiction of the ordinary. The king may 
also license a subject to found such a chapel. 
Cowel. 

FREECO'ST, free'-kost. n.s. Without expense; 
free from charges. South. 
405 



FRE 



FRE 



HT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n 



To FREE-DE'NIZEN* free-den'-e-zn. v. a. [free 

and denizen.] To make free. Bp. Hall. 
FREE-DE'NIZEN* free-deV-e-zn. n.s. A citizen. 

Dr. Jackson. 
FRE'EDMAN, freed'-man. n. s. A slave manumit- 
ted. Dryden. 
FRE'EDOM, free'-dfim. 166. n. s. Liberty; exemp- 
tion from servitude ; independence. Spenser. Privi- 
' leges; franchises; immunities. Shak. Power of 
enjoying franchises. Swift. Exemption from fate, 
necessity, or predetermination. South. Unrestraint. 
1 Mace. The state of being- without any particu- 
lar evil or inconvenience. Law. Ease or facility 
in doing or showing any thing. Assumed fa- 
miliarity. 

FREEFCVOTED, free-fut'-ed. a. Not restrained in 
the march. Sltakspeare. 

FREEHE'ARTED, free-har'-ted. a. Liberal; un- 
restrained. Homilies. 

FREEHOLD, free'-hftd. n.s. That land or tene- 
ment which a man holdeth in fee, fee-tail, or for 
term of life. Cowel. 

FREEHOLDER, free'-h6l-dur. n. s. One who has 
a freehold. Davies. 

FRE'ELY, free'-le. ad. At liberty ; without vassal- 
age ; without slavery ; without dependence. With- 
out restraint; heartily. South. Plentifully; lavish- 
ly. Shak. Without scruple ; without reserve. 
Pope. Without impediment. Ascham. Without ne- 
cessity; without predetermination. Milton. Frank- 
ly; liberally. South. Spontaneously; of its own 
accord. 

FRE'EMAN, free'-man. 88. n.s. One not a slave; 
not a vassal. Locke. One partaking of rights, privi- 
leges, or immunities. Dryden. 

FREEMASON*, free-ma'-sn. 170. See Mason. 

FREEMFNDED, free-minded, a. Unperplexed; 
without load of care. Bacon. 

FRE'ENESS, free'-nSs. n. s. The state or quality of 
being free. More. Openness; unreservedness ; 
ingenuousness; candour. Dryden. Generosity; 
liberality. Sprat. 

FRE'ER*, free'-ur. n. s. One who gives freedom. 
Sherwood. 

FREESCHO'OL, free'-skdol. n. s. A school in 
which learning is given without pay. Davies. 

FREESPO KEN, free-sp6 / -kn. 103. a. Accustomed 
to speak without reserve. Bacon. 

FRE'ESTONE, free'-stone. n. s. Stone commonly 
used in building, so called from its being of such a 
constitution as lo be wrought and cut freely in any 
direction. Woodivard. 

FREETHINKER, fr^Mngk'-ur. n.s. A libertine; 
a contemner of religion. Addison. 

FREETHINKING*, fr^e-tfilngk'-lng. n.s. Con- 
tempt of religion ; licentious ignorance. Bp. 
Berkeley. 

FREETO'NGUED*, free-tungd'. a. Accustomed to 
speak freely and openly. Bp. Hall. 

FREEWA'RREN*. free-w&V-rm. n. s. [free and 
tiwren.] A privilege of preserving and killing 

fame. Blackslom. 
EEWILL, free-wnK. n. s. The power of direct- 
ing our own actions without constraint by necessi- 
ty or fate. Locke. Voluntariness; spontaneity. 
Ezra, vii. 

FREEWO'MAN, free'-wfim-un. n.s. A woman not 
enslaved. 1 Mace. ii. 

To FREEZE, freeze. 246. v. n. pret. froze, [vrie- 
son, Dutch.] To be congealed with cold. Ray. 
To be of that degree of cold by which water is 
congealed. Shakspeare. 

To FREEZE, freeze, v. a. pret. froze, part, frozen, 
or froze. To congeal with cold. Milthn. To kill 
i by cold. Sliak. To chill by the loss of power or 
motion. Sltakspeare. 

To FREIGHTS, frate. 249, 393. v. a. preler. freight- 
ed ; part, frauglvt, or freiglded. [vrachten, Teut.] 
To load a ship or vessel of carriage with goods for 
transportation. Shak. To load as the burthen ; 
to be the thing with which a vessel is freighted. 
Shakspeare. 



FREIGHT, frate. 249. [See Eight.] n.s. Any- 
thing with which a ship is loaded. Dryden. The 
money due for transportation of goods. 

FREIGHTER, frate'-ur. n.s. He who freights a 
vessel. 

FREN, frtm. n. s. A stranger. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FRENCH $*, frensh. n. s. The people of France. 
Verstes;an. The language of the French. Camden, 

FRENCH*, frensh. a. Belonging to the French. Ad 
dison. 

FRENCH Chalk, frentsh'-tshawk'. n.s. An indu 
rated clay, extremely dense, of a smooth, glossy 
surface, and soft to the touch. Woodivard. 

FRENCH Grass*, n.s. Saint-foin. 

FRENCH Horn*, n.s. A musical instrument of 
the wind kind, used in hunting ; and, in modern 
times, in regular concerts. Graves. 

To FRENCHIFY, frensh'-e-fl. v. a. To infect with 
the manner of France ; to make a coxcomb. Cam- 
den. 

FRENCHLIKE*, frentsh'-llke. a. Imitating the 
French fashion. Bp. Hall. 

FRENETICK, fre-neV-ik, or freV-e-tfk. [See 
Phrenetics:.] a. [(ppevyraebs.] Mad; distracted. 
Milton. 

FRENZICAL*, freV-ze-kal. a. [from frenzy.] Ap- 
proaching to madness. 

FRENZY^ freV-ze. n. s. typcviris.] Madness ; dis- 
traction of mind ; alienation of understanding ; any 
violent passion approaching to madness. Bentley. 

FREQUENCE, fre'-kwense. 544. n. s. Crowd; 
concourse; assembly. Bp. Hall. Repetition. Bp. 
Hall. 

\tCr" Some speakers, and those not vulgar ones, pro- 
nounce the c, in the first syllable of this and the follow- 
ing words, when the accent is on it, short; as if writ- 
ten frck-wensc,frek-wently,&c. They have undoubt- 
edly the short e in the Latin frequens to plead ; and 
the Latin quantity is often found to operate in angli- 
cised words of two syllables, with the accent on the 
first : but. usage, in these words, seems decidedly against 
this pronunciation. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. 
Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Mr. Smith, W. John- 
ston, and, if we may judge by the position of the ac- 
cent, Dr. Ash and Entick, are for the e long in the first 
syllable; and Buchanan, only, marks it with the short e. 
The verb to frequent, having the accent on the second 
syllable, is under a different predicament. — See Dka- 

M.4. W. 

FREQUENCY, fre'-kweW. n. s. Common oc- 
currence ; the condition of being often seen or 
done. Atterbury. Concourse; full assembly. B. 
Jonson. 

FREQUENT §, fre'-kwent. 492. a. [frequens, Lat.} 
Often done; often seen; often occurring. Duty of 
Man. Used often to practise any thing. Swift. 
Full of concourse. B. Jonson. 

To FREQUENT, fre-kwent 7 . 492. r. a. [frequenfo 
Lat.] To visit often ; to be much in any place 
Spenser. 

FREQUENTABLE, fre-kwent'-d-bl. a. Conversa 
ble ; accessible. Sidney. 

FREQUENTA'TION* fre-kwen-ta'-shfm. n.s. Re 
sort: the act of visiting. Donne. 

FREQUENTATIVE, fre-kweV-ta-t?y. a. A gram 
matical term, applied to verbs signifying the fre 
quent repetition of an action. 

FREQUENTER, fre-kwent'-fir. n. s. One who of 
ten resorts to any place. Dr. Jackson. 

FREQUENTLY, fre'-kwgnt-le. ad. Often; com- 
monly ; not rarely. Swift. 

FRE' SCO, freV-ko. n.s. [ltal.] Coolness; shade; 
duskiness. Prior. A painting on fresh plaster, or 
on a wall laid with mortar not yet dry; used 
for alcoves and other buildings in the open air. 
Toiler. Sometimes used for any cool, refreshing 
liquor. 

FRESH §, fre'sh. a. [pperc, Sax.] Cool ; not vapid 
with heat. Prior. Not salt. Abbot. New ; not 
had before. Dryden. New; not impaired by time 
Beaum. and Fl. In a state like that of recentness, 
Denham. Recent; newly come. Dryden. Re- 
paired from any loss or diminution. Dryden. Flor- 



FRI 



FRI 



—no, moAe, u6r, not ;— lube, tu.b, bull 3 — 611 ;— p6und ;—th'm, mis. 



id ; vigorous ; cheerful ; unladed ; unimpaired. 
Bacon. Healthy in countenance ; ruddy. Shak. 
Brisk ; strong ; vigorous. Holder. Fasting : op- 
posed to eating or drinking. Sweet : opposed to 
stale or stinking. Raw ; unripe in practice. Sliak. 
FRESH, fresh, n. s. Water not salt. Shak. A flood, 

or overflowing of a river. Crutwdl. 
To FRESH*, fresh, v. a. To refresh. Clxaucer. 
FRESH-BLOWN*, fresh'-blc-ne. a. Newly blown. 

Mi/ton. 
To FRESHEN, fresb.'-sh'n. 103. v. a. To make 

fresh. Thomson. 
7\> FRESHEN, fresh'-sh'n. v.n. To grow fresh. 

Pope. 
FRESHET, fresh'-el. 99. n. $. A stream of fresh 

water. Browne. 
FRESHFORCE*, fresh-forse'. n.s. [Inlaw.] A 

force done within forty days. Covad. 
FRESHLY, fresh'-le. ad. Coolly. Newly ; in the 
former state renewed. Hooker. With a healthy 
look ; ruddily. Shakspeare. Gayly. Huloet. 
FRE SHMAiN*, fresh-man. n.s. A novice ; one in 

the rudiments of anv knowledge. B. Jonson. 
FRE SHMANSHIP*, fresh'-man-shlp. n. s. The 

state of a freshman. Hales. 
FRESHNESS, fresh'-nes. n. s. Newness ; vigour ; 
spirit ; the contrary to vapidness. Bacon. Free- 
dom from diminution by time 5 not staleness. South. 
Freedom from fatigue ; newness of strength. Hay- 
ward. Coolness. Bacon. Ruddiness ; colour of 
health. Granville. ^ Freedom from saltness. 
FRESHNE'W*, fresh-nu'. a. Wholly unacquainted ; 

unpractised. Sluzkspeare. 
FRESHWATER, fresh-wa'-tur. a. Raw; un- 
skilled; unacquainted. Knolles. 
FRESH WATERED*, fresh-wa'-turd. a. Sup- 
plied with fresh water; newly watered. Akensia^. 
FRET §, fret. n.s. [f rotter, Fr.] A frith, or strait of j 
the sea, where the water by confinement is always | 
rough. Brown. Any agitation of liquors by fer- 
mentation or other saiise. Addison. That stop of 
the musical instrument which causes or regulates 
the vibrations of the string. Bacon. Work rising 
in protuberances. Bacon. Agitation of the mind ; 
commotion of the temper ; passion. [In heraldry.] 
A bearing composed of bars crossed and interlaced. 
To FRET, fret. v. a. To agitate violently by exter- 
nal impulse or action. Shak. To wear away by 
rubbing. Newton. To hurt by attrition. Sliak. To 
corrode; to eat away. Psalm (Comm. Pr.) xxxix. 
To form into raised work. Milion. To variegate ; 
to diversify. Sliak. To make angry; to vex. 
Milton. 
To FRET, fret. v. n. To be in commotion ; to be 
agitated. Beaum. and Fl. To be worn away ; 
to be corroded. Peacham. To make way by attri- 
tion. Moxon. To be angry ; to be peevish. Hooker. 
FRET*, fret. part. a. Eaten away. Leirit. xiii. 
FRETFUL, fret'-ful. a. Angry; peevish. Harvey. 
FRETFULLY, fret'-ful-e. ad. Peevishly. 
FRETFULNESS, fret'-ful-ngs. n. s. Passion ; peev- 
ishness. Sir T. Herbert. 
FRETTER*, fret'-tur. n.s. That which causes 

commotion or agitation. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FRETTPNG*, fret'-tlng. n. s. Agitation ; commo- 
tion. Feltlwm. 
FRETTY. fret'-te. a. Adorned with raised work. 
FRIABILITY, frl-a-bll'-e-te. n. s. Capacity of be- 
ing easilv reduced to powder. Locke. 
FRF ABLE $, frl'-a-bl. a. [friabilis, Lat.] Easily 

crumbled ; easily reduced to powder. Bacon. 
FRFARS, frl'-ur. 88, 418. n.s. [frere, Fr.] A re- 
ligious; a brother of some regular order. Shak. 
FRFARLIKE, frl'-fir-Hke. a. Monastick ; unskilled 

in the world. Knolles. 
FRFARLY, frl'-ur-le. a. Like a friar, or man un- 
taught in life. Fox. 
FRFARSCOWL, frl'-urz-kflul. n.s. A plant, hav- 
ing a flower resembling a cowl. 
FRIAR'S Lantern*, n. s. The ignis fatuus. Milion. 
FRPARY, frl'-flr-e. n. s. [frerie, Fr.] A monastery 
or convent of friars. Dugdode. 



FRPARY, frl'-ur-e. 

longing to a friary. 



1. Like a friar. Camden. Be 
Warton 



longing to a lnary. vvarton 
To FRPBBLE $, frlb'-bl. 405. v. n. [f revel, Teut. or 
frivole, Fr.] To trifle. Hudibras. To totter, like 
a weak person. Toiler. 
FRPBBLE*, frlb'-bl. a. Trifling ; silly ; frivolous. 

Brit. Crit. 
FRPBBLE*, frlb'-bl. n. s. A frivolous, contemptible 

fellow ; a silly fop. 
FRPBBLER, frlb'-bl-ur. n. *. A trifler. Spectator. 
FRPBORGH*, frl'-burg. ; n. s. [frid and bor- 
FRPDBURGH*, frld'-bfirg. \ gur, Goth.] The 
same as frankpledge. Cowel. 

FRPCACE*, frlk'-ase. n. s. [frixus, Lat.] Meat 
sliced, and dressed, with strong sauce. Lovelace. 
An unguent, prepared by frying several materials 
together. B. Jonson. 

FRICASSEE*, frlk-a-see'. n. s. [Fr.] A dish 
made by cutting chickens, or other small things, 
in pieces, and dressing them with strong sauce 
Kins;. 
To FRFCASSEE* frlk-a-see'. v. a. To dress in 
fricassee. Echard. 

FRICATION frl-ka'-sbun. n.s. [fricalio, Lat.] 
The act of rubbing one thing against another. Bacon. 

FRPCTION, frlk'-shun. n. s. [frictio, Lat.] The act 
of rubbing two bodies together. Newton. The re- 
sistance in machines caused by the motion of one 
body upon another. Medical rubbing with the 
fleshbrush or cloths. Bacon. 

FRPDAY. frl'-de. 223. n. s. [ppi^e-bas*. Sax.] 
The sixth day of the week, so named of Freya, a 
Saxon deity. Dryden. 

To FRIDGE*, frldje. v.n. [pjiician, Sax.] To 
move quickly. Hallywell. 

FRFDSTOLE*, frld'-stole. n.s. A sanctuary. See 
Fred. 

FRIEND §, frend. 278. n. s. [vriend, Dutch j 
rpeonb, Sax.] One joined to another in mutual 
benevolence and intimacy. Ecclus. vi. One with- 
out hostile intentions. Shak. One reconciled to 
another. Sluxk. An attendant, or companion. Dry 
den. Favourer; one propitious. Peacham. A fa 
miliar compellation. St. Matt. xxii. Formerly a 
cant expression for a paramour. Shak. — A friend 
in court. One who is supposed to possess sufficient 
interest to serve another. Chancer. 

To FRIEND, frend. v. a. To favour ; to befriend ; to 
countenance ; to support. Spenser. 

FRPENDED, frend'-ed. a. Well disposed. Sliak. 

FRFENDLESS, frend'-les. a. Wanting friends; 
wanting support ; destitute ; forlorn. South. — 
Friendless man. The Saxon word for an outlaw. 
Burke. 

FRPENDLIKE*, frend'-llke. a. Having the dispo- 
sition of a friend. Drayton. 

FRPENDLINESS, frend'-le-nes. n. s. A disposition 
to friendship. Sidney. Exertion of benevolence. 
Bp. Taylor. 

FRIENDLY, frend'-le. a. Having the temper and 
disposition of a friend; kind; favourable. Milion. 
Disposed to union ; amicable. Pope. Salutary ; 
homogeneal. Milion. Favourable; convenient. 
Addison. 

FRPENDLY, frend'-le. ad. In the manner of friends, 
with appearance of kindness ; amicably. Ruth, ii. 
Concurrently ; in union. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FRPENDSHD?, frgnd'-shlp. n.s. The state of minds 
united by mutual benevolence ; amity. Bacon. 
Highest degree of intimacy. Dryden. Favour , 
personal kindness. Swift. Assistance ; help. Shak. 
Conformity; affinity; correspondence; aptness to 
unite. Dryden. 

FRIEZE §, freeze. 278. n.s. [drapde f rise, Fr J A 
coarse, warm cloth, made perhaps first in Fries- 
land. Milion. 

FRIEZE, freeze. \n. s. A large flat member 

FRIZE, freeze. 112. > which separates the archi 
trave from the cornice ; of which there are as many 
kinds as there are orders of columns. Harris. 

FRFEZED, free'-zH or freezd. a. Shagged or nap- 
ped with frieze. Huloet. 
407 



FRI 



FRO 



(D- 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat y— me, met;— pine, pin; 



FRI'EZELIKE, freez'-llke. a. Resembling a frieze. 
Addison. 

FRI'GATE, ftfg'-at. 91, 544. n. s. [frigate, Fr.] A 
small ship. Raleigh. Any small vessel on the wa- 
ter. Spenser. 

FRIGEFA'CTION, frid-je-fak'-shfin. 530. n. s. 
[frigus and facio, Lat.] The act of making 
cold. 
To FRIGHT §, frlte. v. a. 393. [pjiihtan, Sax.] To 
terrify ; to disturo with fear. Locke. 

FRIGHT, frlte. n. s. A sudden terrour. Dry den. 

ToFRFGHTENjfrl'-t'n. 103. v. a. To terrify; to 
shock with dread. Prior. 

FRFGHTFUL, frlte'-fui. a. Terrible ; dreadful ; full 
of terrour. Shakspeare. 

FRFGHTFULLY, frlte'-ful-e. ad. Dreadfully; 
horribly. Burnet. Disagreeably ; not beautifully. 
Sicift. 

FRFGHTFULNESS, frite'-ful-nSs. n. s. The power 
of impressing terrour. Nelson. 

FRFGID §, frld'-jld. 544. a. [frigidus, Lat.] Cold; 
wanting warmth. Cheyne. Wanting warmth of 
affection. Impotent; without warmth of body. 
Dull ; without fire of fancy. Taller. 

FRIGFDITY, fre-jld'-e-te. n.s. [frigiditas, Lat.] 
Coldness; want of warmth. Dulness; want of in- 
tellectual fire. Brown. Want of corporeal warmth. 
Glanville. Coldness of affection. 

FRFG1DLY, frid'-jid-le. ad. Coldly; dully; without 
affection. Dr. Warton. 

FRFGIDNESS, frid'-jld-nes. n. s. Coldness ; dul- 
ness ; want of affection. 

FRIGORFFICK, frl-g6-rif-ik a. [frigorifcus, 
Lat.] Causing cold. Quincy. 

To FRILL, frit, v. n. [friller, Fr.] To quake or 
shiver with cold. Used of a hawk : as, The hawk 
mils. Diet. 

FRILL*, fill. n. s. A border on the bosom of a shirt, 
plaited or furled ; any thing collected into gathers. 

FRIM*, frim. a. [ppeom, Sax.] Flourishing; luxu- 
riant. Drayton. 

FRINGE 4, frinje. n. s. [f range, Fr.] Ornamental ap- 
pendage added to dress or furniture. Wotton. The 
edge ; margin ; extremity. Mountagu. 

To FRINGE, frinje. v. a. To adorn with fringes ; to 
decorate with ornamental appendages. Sidney. 

FRFNGEMAKER*, fiinje'-ma-kur. n. s. A manu- 
facturer of fringe. Swift. 

FRFNGY*, frin'-je. a. Adorned with fringes. Shen- 
slone. 

FRFPPER4*, fry -pur\ n .s. [frippier, Fr.] A deal- 
er in old things ; a broker. James. 

FRFPPERER, frip'-pur-ar. n. s. One who deals in 
old things vamped up. Sherwood. 

FRFPPERY, ftfp'-por-e. n. s. The place where old 
clothes are sold. Shak. Old clothes; cast dresses; 
tattered rags. B. Jonson. Trumpery; trifles. 
Swift. 

FRIPPERY*, frlp'-pur-re. a. Trifling; contempti- 
ble. Gray. 

FRISE 1 UR*, fre-zare'. n. s. [Fr.] A hair-dresser. 

Waiim. 
To FRISK §, frisk, v. n. [f risque, old Fr.] To leap ; 
to skip. Bacon. To dance in frolick or gayety. 
Shakspeare. 

FRISK*, frisk, a. Lively ; jolly ; blithe. Bp. Hall. 

FRISK, frisk, n. s. A frolick ; a fit of wanton gayety. 
Feltham. 

FRI'SKAL*, fiis'-kal. n.s. A leap; a caper. B. 
Jonson. 

FRPSKER, frlsk'-ur. n. s. A wanton ; one not con- 
slant or settled. Camden. 
FRFSKET*, fris'-ket. n. s. A part of a printing- 
press ; a frame of iron, very thin, covered with 
parchment or paper, cut in the necessary places, 
that the sheet, which is between the great tympan 
and frisket, may receive the ink, and that nothing 
may hurt the margins. 
FRFSKFUL*, frlsk'-ful. a. Full of gayety. Thom- 
son. 
FRFSKINESS, fiisk'-e-ngs. n. s. Gayety; liveli- 






FRFSKING*, frisking, n. s. Frolicksome dancing 
wild gayety. Cudworth. 

FRFSKY, frisk'-e. a. Gay ; airy. A low word. 

ToFRFSSLE*. See To Frizzle. 

FRIT, frit. n. s. [among chymisls.] Asheg or salt 
baked or fried together with sand. Diet. 

FRITH, h\th. n. s.[fretum, Lat.] A strait of the sea 
where the water, being confined, is rough. Dryden. 
A kind of net. Carew. 

FRITHS* 6M. n. s. [frith, Welsh.] A woody 
place ; a forest. Drayton. A small field taken out 
of a common. Wynne. 

FRFTHY*. frM'-e. a. Woody. Skelton. 

FRITFLARY, fre-tll'-a-re. n.s. A plant. Miller. 

FRFTINANCY, fr?t'-e-nan-se. n. s. [fritinnio, Lat.] 
The scream of an insect, as the cricket or cicada. 
Broum. 

FRFTTER§, frit'-tur. n. s. [friture, Fr.] A small 
piece cut to be fried. Tusser. A fragment; a 
small piece. Bacon. A cheesecake; a wig. Ains- 
worth. 

To FRFTTER, frltMur. v. a. To cut meat into small 
pieces to be fried. To break into small particles 
or fragments. Pope. 

FRIVO'LITY* fre-vol'-e-te. n. s. Triflingness. Rob- 
ertson. 

FRFVOLOUS§, friv'-6-lus. a. [frivolus, Lat.] 
Slight; trifling; of no moment. Hooker. 

FRFVOLOUSLY, friv'-c-lus-le. ad. Triflingly; with- 
out weight. Guardian. 

FRFVOLOUSNESS, friv'-o-las-nes. n. s. Want of 
importance; triflingness. More. 

To FRIZZ*, friz. v. a. [f riser, or frizer, Fr.] To 
curl ; to crisp. Smollett. 

To FRIZZLES, frlz'-zl. v. a. [f riser, Fr.] To curl 
in short curls like nap of frieze. Harmar. 

FRFZZLE*, frlz'-zl. n. s. A curl ; a lock of hair 
crisped. Milton. 

FRFZZLER, frlz'-zi-ur. n. s. One that makes short 
curls. 

FRO§, frd. ad. [ppa, Sax.]- Backward ; regressive- 
ly. It is used only in opposition to the word to ; 
to and fro, backward and forward, to and from. 
Spenser. A contraction of from ; not now used. 
B. Jonsoyi. 

FROCK, frok. n.s. [froc, Fr.] A dress; a coat. 
Shak. A kind of close coat for men. Dryden. A 
kind of gown for children. 

FROG §, frog. n.s. [pjio^a, Sax.] A small ani- 
mal with four feet, living both by land and water, 
and placed by naturalists among mixed animals, 
as partaking of beast and fish. Shale. The hollow 
part of the horse's hoof. 

FRO GBIT, frog'-blt. n. s. An herb. Ainsivorth. 

FRO'GFISH, frog'-fish. n. s. A kind of fish. Ains- 
icorlh . 

FRO'GGRASS, fr6g / -gras. n. s. A kind of herb. 

FROGGY*, frog'-ge. a. Having frogs. Sher- 
wood. 

FRO'GLETTUCE, fr&gMet-tis. n. s. A plant. 

FROISE, frdfs. n. s. [froisser, Fr.] A kind of food 
made by frying bacon enclosed in a pancake. 

FRO'LICKS, froF-ik. a. [ppeolice, Sax.] Gay; full 
of levity; full of pranks. Shaksjieare. 

FRO'LICK, frol'-lk. n. s. A wild prank; a flight of 
whim and levity. Roscommon.. 

To FRO'LICK, fr&F-ik. v. n. To play wild pranks ; 
to play tricks of levity and gayety. Glanirille. 

FRO'LICKLY, froF-ik-le. ad. Gayly ; wildly. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

FRO'LICKSOW., fr6l / -ik-sum. a. Full of wild 
gayety. 

FRO'LICKSOMENESS, frol'-lk-sum-nes. n. s 
Wildness of gayety ; pranks. 

FROLICKSOMELY, frol'-lk-sum-le. ad. With 
wild gayety. 

FROM §, "from. p-ep. [ppam, Sax.] Away : noting 
privation. Dryden. Noting reception. Pope. Not- 
ing procession, descents, or birth. Blackmore. Not- 
ing transmission. Shak. Noting abstraction or vaca- 
tion. Shak. Noting succession. Burnet. Out of : 
noting emission. Milton. Noting progress from 
408 



FRO 



FRO 



— no, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull; — 6?1 ; — p6und j — tli'm, this. 



premises to inferences. Bacon. Noting the place 
or person from whom a message is brought. Shak. 
Out of: notiiig extraction. Addison. Because of: 
noting" tlie reason or motive of an act or effect. 
Dryden. Out of: noting the ground or cause of 
anything. Dryden. Not near to: noting distance. 
Smut. Notiug separation or recession. Shale. 
Noting exemption or deliverance. Prior. Noting 
absence. Shale. Noting derivation. Dryden. Since: 
noting distance from "the past. Raleigh. Contra- 
ry to. Shak. Noting removal. Dryden. From is 
very frequently joined by an ellipsis with adverbs; 
from above, from the parts above. 

FRO'JJ^WARD, frum'-ward. prep. [3:71am and 
j-eapb, Sax.] Away from ; the contrary to the 
word towards. Sidney. Ob. T. 

FROND*, frond, n. s. [fronde, Fr.] A green or 
leafy branch or bough. Cotgrare 

FRONDA'TION* ifdn-da'-shun. re. s. [frondatio. 
Lat.] A lopping of trees. Evelyn. 

FRONDI FEROIJS, fron-dif-fe-rfis. a. [frondifer, 
Lat.J Bearing leaves. Diet. 

FRONT*, front, or front. 165. n. s. [from, Lat.] 
The face. Prior. The face, in a sense of censure 
or dislike; as, a hardened front; a fierce front. | 
Milton. The face, as opposed to an enemy. Milton. 
The part or place opposed to the face. Bacon. 
The van of an arm v. Milton. The forepart of any 
thing, as of a building. Bacon. The most con- 
spicuous part or particular. Slialespeare. 

§£/" Mr. Sheridan marks this word in the second manner 
only ; but I am much mistaken if custom does not al- 
most universally adopt the first. If the second is over 
used, it seems to be in poetry, and that of the most sol- 
emn kind. Dr. Kenrick, YV. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, 
pronounce it in the first manner ; and Mr. Sheridan and i 
.Mr. Smith in the last. Mr. Scott gives it both ways, j 
but seems to prefer the last. Mr. Narcs gives it in the i 
first manner, but says it is sometimes pronounced regu- | 
larly. W. 



To FRONT, front, v. a. To oppose directly, or face 
to face ; to encounter. Bacon. To stand opposed 
or ovcr-against any place or thing. Addison. 
To FRONT, frunt. v. n. To stand loremost. SJtak. 
FRO'NTAL, frcvnt'-al. 88. re. s. [froniale, La>] Any 
external lbrm of medicine to be applied to the 
forehead. Quincy. [In architecture.] A little pedi- 
ment over a small door or window. A bandage 
worn on the forehead ; a frontlet. 
FRONTATED, fron'-ta-led. a. [frons, Lat.] The 
frontated leaf of a flower grows broader and broad- 
er, and at last perhaps terminates in a right line : 
in opposition to cuspated, which is, when the leaves 
end in a point. Quincy. 

FRO NTBOX, frunl / -boks. re. s. The box in the play- 
house from which there is a direct view to the 
stage. Pope. 

FRONTED, frfint'-ed. a. Formed with a front.] 
Milton. 

FRO'NTIER§, fron'-tsheer, or front'-yecr. 113. re. s. 
[froniiere, Fr.] The marches ; the limit ; the ut- 
most verge of any territory; the border. Spenser. 
Formerly, the forts built along the bounds of any 
territory. Ives. 

FRO'NTIER, fron'-tsheer, or fr&nV-yeer. 450, 461. 
a. Bordering; conterminous. Addison. 

FRO'NTIERED*, fron'-tsheerd. a. Guarded on the 
frontiers. Spenser. 

FRONTINIA'CK Wine*, fron-fin-yak'. n.s. [from a I 
town of Languedoc, so called.] A rich wine. Sir' 
A. Wcldon. 

FRO'NTISPIECE, frtV-iis-peese. re. s. [frontis- 
picium, Lat.] That part of any building or other' 
body that directly meets the eye. Milton. 

FRO'NTLESS, frunt'-les. a. Not blushing ; wanting 
shame; void of diffidence. Dryden. 

FRO'NTLET, front'-let. n. s. [frons, Lat.] A ban- 
dage worn upon the forehead. Dent. vi. ^~ 

FRONTRO'OM, frunt'-room. re. s. An apartflfct in 
the forepart of the hocse. Moxon. 

FROTPISH*, frop'-pish. a. Peevish ; froward. Ld. 
Clarendon. 



FRORE, frore. part. a. [bevroren, Dutch.] Frozen. 
Mi/ion. Ob. J. 

FRORNE, frorne. part. a. Frozen ; congealed with 
cold. Spenser. Ob. J. 

FRO'RY*, fro'-re. a. Frozen. Spenser. Covered 
with a froth resembling hoar frost. Fairfax. 

FROST $, frost, re. s. [j.-poyfc, Sax.] The last effect 
of cold ; the power or act of congelation. South. 
The appearance of plants and trees sparkling with 
congelation of dew. Pope. 

FROSTBITTEN, frost'-bit-tii. 103. a. Nipped or 
withered by the frost. Mortimer. 

FRONTED, fros'-ted. a. Laid on in inequalities like 
those of the hoar frost upon plants. Gay. 

FRO'STILY, frus'-te-le. act. With frost; with exces- 
sive cold. Without warmth Of affection. B. Jonson. 

FRO'STINESS, fr&s'-te-nes. re. s. Cold ; freezing- 
cold. 

FRO'STNAIL, frosl'-nale. re. s. A nail with a prom- 
inent head driven into the horse's shoes, that it may 
pierce the ice. Grew. 

FRO ST WORK, frost'-wark. re. s. Work in which 
the substance is laid on with inequalities, like the 
dew congealed upon shrubs. Warhudon. 

FRO'STY, fros'-le. a. Having the power of congela- 
tion ; excessive cold. Bacon. Chill in afleetioii ; 
without warmth of kindness or courage. Shak. 
Hoary; gray-haired; resembling frost. Shak. 

FROTH £, Mill. 163. n.s. [frae, Danish and Scottish.] 
Spume ; foam ; the bubbles caused in liquors by 
agitation. Bacon. Any empty or senseless show 
of wit or eloquence, 
stantial. Tnsser. 

To FROTH, M(h. v. 
spume. Dryden. 

To FROTH*, Mill, v 

moid and Fletcher. 
FROTHILY, frM'-e-Je. 



Any thing not solid, or sub- 
n. To foam; to throw out 
a. To make to froth. Beau- 
ad. With foam; with 
ug mas 
Emptiness; tri- 



spume. Sherwood. In an empty, trifling manner. 
FRO'THINESS*, fro/Zi'-e-nes. n. s. Empti 

flingness. South. 
FRO'THY, hbth'-k a. Full of foam, froth, or spume. 

Bacon. Soft; not solid ; wasting. Bacon. Vain; 

empty ; trifling. TilloUon. 
FROUNCE, frounse. 313. re. s. A distemper, in 

which white spittle gathers about the hawk's bill. 
Skinner. 
To FROUNCE §, fr6unse. v. a. [froncer, or fronser, 

Fr.] To frizzle or curl the hair about the face. 

Spenser. 
FROUNCE* fr6unse. re. s. A wrinkle; a plait; a 

fringe, or curl, or some ornament of dress. Beau- 

mord and Fletcher. 
FRO'UNCELESS*, froimse'-les. a. Without wrin- 
kle. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
FRO'UZY. fro&'-ze. 313. a. [A cant word.] Fetid; 

musty. Swift. Dim ; cloudy. Swift. 
FROW§*, frou. n.s. [fraw, Germ.] A woman; 

generally applied to Dutch or German women. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
FROW*, fr6u. a. Brittle. Evelyn. 
FRO WARD $, fro'-ward. 88. a. [pjiampeapb, 

Sax.] Peevish ; ungovernable ; angrv. Sidney. 
FRO'WARDLY, fi;6'-ward-le. ad. Peevishly ; per 

versely. Isaiah, Ivii. 
FRO'WARDNESS, fro'-ward-nes. re. s. Peevish- 
ness; perverseness. South. 
FRO'WER. fro-'-ur. re. .9. A cleaving tool. Tusse? 
To FROWNS frMn. 323. v. n. [ufryn, Goth.] To 

express displeasure by contracting the face to 

wrinkles; to look stern. Shakspeare. 
To FROWN*, froun. 1?. a. To drive back with 

a look of haughtiness or displeasure. Dryden. 
FROWN, froun. re. s. A wrinkled look; a look of 

displeasure. Knolles. 
FRO'WNiNGLY, frofin'-ing-le. ad. Sternly ; with a 

look of displeasure. Shakspeare. 
FRO' WY, frSu/-e. a. Musty ; mossy. Spenser. Not 

now used ; but instead of it, Frouzy. 
FROZEN, fri'-zn. 103. part. pass, of freeze. Con* 
gealed with cold. Dryden. Chill in affection. 

Sidney. Void of heat or appetite. Pope. 



FRU 


FUE 


ET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;- 


—pine, pin ; — 



F. R. S, Fellow of the Royal Society. 
To FRU'BBISH*, frfib'-bfsh. v. a. To furbish. Bar- 
ret. 
FRU'CTED* frfik'-ted. a. An heraldick term, giv- 
en to all trees bearing fruit. 
FRUCTIFEROUS, frfik-tlf-fer-us. a. Bearing 

fruit. Ainsworth. 
FRUCTIFICATION, frfik-te-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. The 
act of causing or of bearing fruit ; fecundation ; 
fertility. Brown. 
To FRU'CTIFY §, frfik'-te-fi. 183. v. a. [fmclifter, 

Fr.] To make fruitful ; to fertilize. Howell. 
To FRU'CTIFY, fr&k'-te-fl. v. n. To bear fruit. 

Hooker. 
FRUCTUA'TION*, frfik-tshu'-a-shfin. n. s. Prod- 
uct; fruit. Pownall. 
FRU'CTUOUS, frfik'-tshu-fis. 463. a. Fruitful ; fer- 
tile ; impregnating with fertility. Phillips. 
FRU'CTURE*, frfiV-tshure. n. s. Use, fruition, pos- 
session, or enjoyment of. Cotgrave. 
FRU'GAM, fnV-gal. 88. a. [fmgalis, Lat.] Thrif- 
ty; sparing; parsimonious. Milton. 
FRUGALITY, fru-gal'-e-te. n. s. Thrift ; parsimo- 
ny; good husbandry. Bacon, 
FRU'GALLY, friV-gal-e. ad. Parsimoniously ; spar- 
ingly ; thriftily. Dryden. 
FRU'GGIN*, 'frfig'-gin. n. s. [fourgon, Fr.] An i 
ovenfork. The pole with which the ashes in the 
oven are stirred. 
FRUGiTEROUS, fru-jlf-fer-fis. a. [fnigifer, Lat.] 

Bearing fruit. More. 
FRUIT §; froot. 343. n. s. [fnietus. Lat. fruit. Fr.] 
The product of a tree or plant in which the seeds are 
contained. Sliak. That part of a plant which is taken 
for food. Davics. Production. Ephes. v. The off- 
spring of the womb. Deut. xxviii. Advantage 
gained by any enterprise or conduct. Swift. The 
effect or consequence of any action. Sid?iey. The 
dessert after the meat. Sliakspeare. 
To FRUIT*, fr6St. v. n. To produce fruit. Ld. Ches- 
terfield. 
FRUITAGE. frSoY-:dje. 90. n. s. [fn/Hage, Fr.] 

Fruit collectively ; various fruits. Milton. 
FRUTTBEARER, frfidt' -bar-fir. n. s That which 

produces fruit. Mortimer. 
FRU'ITBEARING, froSl'-bar-mg. a. Having the 

quality of producing fruit. MoriKner. 
FRU'lf ERER, frSot'-gr-fir. [See Forger.] n. s. 
[fruitier, Fr.] One who trades in fruit. Skakspeare. 
FRUTTERY, frofit'-gr-e. n. s. Fruit collectively 
taken. Phillips. A fruit-loft; a repository for 
fruit. 
FRUTTFUL, fioot'-ffil. a. Fertile ; abundantly pro^ 
ductive; liberal of vegetable product. Sidney 
Actually bearing fruit. Shak. Prolifick ; child' 
bearing, not barren. Milton. Plenteous ; abound 
ing. Addison. 
FRUITFULLY, frSSt'-ful-e. ad. In such a manner 
as to be prolifick. Roscommon. Plenteously ; abun- 
dantly. Shafcspeare. 
FRU'ITFULNESS. frSot'-ful-nfis. n. s. Fertility; 
fecundity ; plentiful production. Raleigh. The 
quality of being prolifick. Dryden. Exuberant 
abundance. B. Jonson. 
FRUI'TCROVES, froot'-grovz. n, s. Shades, or 

close plantations of fruit trees. Pope. 
FRUITION §, fru-lsh'-fin. n. s. [fnxor, Lat.] En- 
joyment ; possession ; pleasure given by posses- 
sion or use. Hooker. 
FRUTTIVE, fru'-e-tiv. a. Enjoying; possessing. 

Boyle. 
FRUITLESS, frfi&t'-les. a. Barren of fruit; not 
bearing fruit. Raleigh. Vain ; productive of no 
advantage ; idle ; unprofitable. Spenser. Having 
no offspring. Shakspeare. 
FRUITLESSLY, fr6ot'-les-le. ad. Vainly; idly; 

unprofitably. Brown. 
FRU'ITLESSNESS*, fro&t'-les-nes. n. s. Barren- 
ness ; unfruitfulness ; vanity. Holes. 
FRUIT-TIME, frfifit'-tlme. n.s. The autumn ; the 

time for gathering fruit. 
FRUIT-TREE, frfioY-tree. n. s. A tree of that kind 



whose principal value anses from the fruit produced 

by it. Neh. ix. 
FRUMENTA'CIOUS, fru-men-ta'-shfis. a. [fru- 

mentum, Lat.] Made of grain. Diet. 
FRUMENTATION*, fru-men-uV-shfin. n. s. A 

general dole of corn. Coc/ceram. 
FRUME'NTY, fru'-men-te. n. s. [frumente'e, Fr.] 

Food made of wheat boiled in milk. Dr. Gower. 

Q^/= This word is almost universally corrupted into fur- 
menty, if not sometimes into fur-me-te .• and I believe it 
is seldom found, that words employed in the concerns 
of cookery are ever recovered from irregularity. — Se& 
Asparagus and Cucumber. W. 

To FRUMP §, frump, v. a. To mock; to insult. 
Beaumont and Fietclier. 



FRUMP*, frfim 



i.V 



A joke ; a flout. Bp. Hall. 



FRU'MPER*, frfim'-pur. n. s. A mocker ; a scoffer. 

Cotgrave. 
To FRUSH§, frush. v. a. [froisser, Fr.] To break, 

bruise, or crash. Sliakspeare. 
FRUSH, frush. n. s. A sort of tender horn that grows 
in the middle of the sole of a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
FRUSTRA'NEOUS, frfis-tra'-ne-fis. a. [frustra, 

Lat.] Vain; useless; unprofitable. More. 
To FRUSTRATE §, frfis'-trate. 91. v. a. [frustror, 
Lat.] To defeat ; to disappoint ; to balk. Shak. 
To make null ; to nullify. Spenser. 
FRUSTRATE, frfis'-trate. part. a. Vain ; ineffeclu 
al ; unprofitable. Raleigh. Null ; void. Hooker 
Disappointed ; defeated ; balked. Judith, xi. 
FRUSTRATION, frfis-lra'-shfin. n. s. Disappoint- 
ment ; defeat. South. 
FRU'STRATIVE, frfis'-tra-tlv. 512. a. Fallacious ; 

d isappoi nti ng. A insworth. 
FRU'STRATORY, frfis'-tra-t&r-e. 512. [See Do- 
mesticic] a. That which makes any procedure 
void. Ay life. 
FR USTR UM, frfis'-lrfim. n. s. [Lat.] A piece cut 

off from a regular figure. A term of science. 
FRUTICANT*, frut'-e-kant. a. [fruticans, Lat.] 

Full of shoots. Evelun. 
FRY, fii n. s. [fraiw, Goth.] The swarm of little 
fishes just produced from the spawn. Donne. Any 
swarm of animals ; or young people in contempt. 
Spenser. A swarm or heap of any materials. Mir- 
ror for 31agistrates. 
FRY, frl. n. s. A kind of sieve. Mortimer. 
To FRYv, frl. v. a. [frigo, Lat.] To dress food in a 

pan on the fire. 
To FRY, frl. ?;. n. To be roasted in a pan on the fire. 
To suffer the action of fire. Dryden. To melt with 
heat. Waller. To be agitated like liquor in the 
pan on the fire. Bacon. 
FRY, frl. n.s. A dish of things fried. 
FRY'INGPAN, frl'-mg-pan. n.s. The vessel in 

which meat is dressed on the fire. Howell. 
FRYTH*. See Frith. 

To FUB, ffib. v. a. To put off. Shak. See Fob. 
FUB, ffib. n.s. A plump, chubby boy ; also a woman. 

Written ahofubs. Crown. 
FU'CATE^*, fiV-kate. a. [fucatus, LatJ Painted , 

whence, disguised by false show. Sir T. Elyot. 
FU'CATED,' fiV-ka-ted. a. Painted ; disguised with 

paint. Disguised by false show. 
FUCUS, fiV-k&s. n. s. [Lat.] Paint for the face. B. 
Jonson. Disguise ; false show. Sandys. [In bot- 
• any.] The name of a genus of submarine plants. 

Goodenough. 
FU'DDER o/" Lead*. Among the miners, a load of 

lead. 
To FU'DDLES, f&d'-dl. v. a. To make drunk. 

Beaumont and Fietclier. 
To FU'DDLE, ffid'-dl. 405. v.n. To drink to excess. 

L'Estrange. 
FUDGE*, ffidje. irderj. An expression of the utmost 
contempt, usually bestowed on absurd or lying 
talkers. Goldsmith. 
F UEMLLEMOR TE, fuMl-m6rt. n.s. Corruptly 
pi^fcunced and written philomot. The colour of 
withered leaves in autumn. 
FU'EL§, fiV-il. n, s. [fuayl. Norm. Fr.] The matter 
or aliment of fire. Isaiah, ix. 
410 



FUL 



FUL 



— 116, move, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6'il ;— p6und ;— thin, 



Fo FU EL, fiV-Il. v. a. To feed fire with combustible 
matter. Domte. To store with firing. IVotttm. 

ItJ'ELLER* fu'-U-ur. ji.s. That which supplies 
fuel. Domte. 

FUGA'CIOUS §, fu-ga'-shas. 292,357 



rugions, Lat.] Volatile. HallyweU. 
FUGA CIOUSNESS, fu-ga'-shfis-nes. 



Volatili- 



tv ; the quality of flying away. 

FUGA'CrTY, fu-gas'-e-te. n. s. Volatility; quali- 
ty of dying away. Boyle. Uncertainty ; insta- 
bility. 

FXJGH, full, interj. An expression of abhorrence. 
Commonly foh. Dryden. 

FUGITIVE $, fiV-je-uv. a. [fugitivus, Lat.J Not 
tenable ; not to be held or detained. Locke. Un- 
steady : unstable ; not durable. Daniel. Volatile ; 
apt to fly away. Crushaw. Flying ; running- from 
danger. Shak. Flying from duty; falling off. 
Richarchsori. Runagate ; vagabond. 2 Mace. 
Perishable ; as, & fugitive piece ; i. e. a little com- 
position ; a small pamphlet which may be soon for- 
gotten, or soon lost. 

FUGITIVE, fu'-je-uv. h. 5. One who runs from his 
station or duty. Bacon. One who takes shelter 
under another power from punishment. Spenser. 
One hard to be caught or detained. Harte. 

FU'GITIVENESS, fu'-je-fiv-nes. n.s. Volatility; 
fugacity. Boyle. Instability; uncertainty. More. 

FUGUE, fewg. 337. [often very improperly pro- 
nounced fuje.] n. s. [Fr. fuga, Lat.] [In musick.] 
Some point consisting of four, five, six, or any other 
number of notes, begun by some one single part, 
and then seconded by a third, fourth, fifth, and sixth 
part, if the composition consists of so many ; re- 
peating the same, or such like notes, so that the 
several parts follow, or come in one after another 
in the same manner, the leading parts still flying 
before those that follow. Harris. 

FU'LCIBLE$*, ful'-se-bl. a. [fulcihilis, Lat.] 
Which may be propped tip. 

FULCIMENT, ful / -se-ment. n.s. {fultimentum, 
Lat.] That on which a body rests, which acts 
or is acted upon at each end. Wilkins. 

FULCR UM*, f uF-krum. n. s. [Lat.] [In mechan- 
icks.] Now common for prop ; as, me fulcrum of a 

To FULFrL, f ul-flF. v. a. [full and fi 11.] To fill till 
there is no room for more. Communion Service. I 
To answer any prophecy or promise by perform- 
ance. Acts, xiii. To answer any purpose or de- 
sign . Milton. To answer any desire by compliance 
or gratification. Beaumont and Fletcher. To an- 
swer anv law by obedience. Milton. 
FULFI'LLER*, f ul-fiF-l&r. n. s. One that accom- 
plishes or fulfils. Patrick. 
FULFILLING*, ful-fiF-ling. n. s. Completion. 

Rom. xiii. 
FULFILMENT*, ful-fll'-ment. n. s. Full perform- 
ance. H. Tooke. 
FULFRA'UGHT. See Full-fraught. 
FU'LGENCY, f&F-jen-se. 177. n.s. Splendour; 

glitter. Diet. 
FU LGENT §, f&F-jent. a. [fulgent, Lat.] Shining; 

dazzling ; exquisitely bright. Milton. 
FU'LGID, ful'-jlcL a. [fulgidus, Lat.] Shining; 

glittering ; dazzling. 
FULGI'DITY, f iil-jld'-e-te. n. s. Splendour ; daz- 
zling glitter. Diet. 
fU'LGOUR, luF-gur. 314. n.s. [fulgor, Lat.] 

Splendour ; dazzling brightness. Brown. 
FL LGURANT*, faF-gu-rant. a. Lightening ; flash- 
ing-. More. 
To FU'LGURATE§*, f&F-gu-rate. v.n. [fulguro, 

Lat.] To emit flashes of light. Chambers. 
FULGURA'TION, ful-gu-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of 

lightening. Donne. 
FU P LGURY*, fuV-gu-re. n. s. [fulgur, Lat.] Light- 
ning. Cockeram.^ 
FU'LHAM, f&F-ham. n.s. A cant word for false dice. 

Shakspeare. 
FULIGINOUS $, fu-lfd'-jfn-us. a. [fuliginosus , 
Lat.] Sooty ; smoky. Bacon. 



FUL1GINOUSLY*, fu-lld'-jk-os-le. ad. In a smoky 

si; itc. Shenstone. 
Fl 1.1MART, fu'-le-mart. n. s. See Foujiart. A 

kind of stinking ferret. Waltcnc. 
FULL$, fiil. a. [pulle, Sax.] Replete; without vacu- 
ity ; having no space void. Isaiah. Abounding in 
any quality, good or bad. Sidney. Stored with 
anything; well supplied with anything. Tickell. 
Plump ; saginated ; fat. Wiseman. Saturated ; sa- 
ted, lsaiali, i. Impregnated; made pregnant. Dry- 
den. Crowded, with regard to the imagination or 
memory. Locke. Large ; great in effect. Arbuth- 
not. Complete ; such as that nothing further is de- 
sired or wanted. Daniel. Complete, without abate- 
ment. Genesis. Containing the whole matter ; ex- 
pressing much. Denham. Strong; not faint; not 
attenuated. Slmk. Mature ; perfect. Bacon. Ap- 
plied to the moon : complete in its orb. Wiseman. 
Not continuous, or a full stop. Sidney. Spread to 
view in all dimensions. Addison. 
FULL, ful. n.s. Complete measure; freedom from 
deficiency. Shak. The highest state or degree. 
Sluik. The whole; the total. Shak. The state of 
being satiated. Jeremiah, v. Applied to the moon ; 
the time in which the moon makes a perfect orb 
Bacon. 
FULL, ful. ad. Without abatement or diminution 
Milton. With the whole effect. Dryden. Exact 
ly. Addison. Directly. Sidneij. It is placed be 
lore adverbs, adjectives, and participles, to intend 
or strengthen their signification; as, full oft, full 
slow, full wide, 6z,c. ; and is much used in compo- 
sition, to intimate any thing arrived at its highest 
state, or utmost degree. 
FULL-ACORNED*, ful-a'-kornd. a. Fed full with 

acorns. Shakspeare. 
FULL-BLOOMED*, ful-bloSmd'. a. Having perfect 

bloom. Crashair. 
FULL-BLOWN, fuF-bl6ne. a. Spread to the utmost 
extent, els a perfect blossom. Denham. Stretched 
by the wind to the utmost extent. Dryden. 
FULL-BOTTOMED, ful-bot'-tumd. a. Having a 

large bottom. Guardian. 
FULL-BUTT*, fi&l-but'. ad. [full and butt.] At the 
same point, from opposite directions, and not with- 
out violence. L : Estrange. 
FULL-CHARGED*, ful-tsharjd'. a. Charged to the 

utmost. Shakspeare. 
FULL-CRAMMED*, ful-kramd'. a. Crammed to 

satiety. Mars/on. 
FULL-DRESSED*, ful-drest'. a. Dressed in form. 

PiUcington. 
FULL-DRIVE*, ful-drive'. a. Completed; a very 
old expression, now meaning driving as fast as pos- 
sible. Clmucer. 
FULL-EARED, ful-eerd'. 362. a. Having the heads 

full ofgrain. Denham. 
FULL-EYED, ful-lde'. a. Having large, prominent 

eyes. 
FULL-FED. ful-fed'. a. Sated ; fat ; saginated. Pope. 
FULL-FRAUGHT, ful-frawt'. a. Fully stored. 

Shakspeare. 
FULL-GORGED* f&l-g6rj'd'. a. Too much fed ; a 

term of hawking. Shakspeare. 
FULL-GROWN*, f&l-grine'. a. Completely grown 

Milton. 
FULL-HEARTED*, ful-harf-ed. a. Full of confi- 
dence; elated. Shakspeare. 
FULL-HOT* iuF-hot. a. Heated to the utmost. 

Shakspeare. 
FULL-LADEN, iul-la'-d'n. 103. a. Laden till there 

can be no more added. Tillotson. 
FULL-MANNED*, ful-mand'. a. Completely fur- 
nished with men. Shakspeare. 
FULL-MOUTHED*, fal-mSuTHd'. a. Having a 

strong voice or sound. Quarks. 
FULL-ORBED*, f&l-Srbd'. a. Having the orb com- 
plete. Addison. Like a full moon. Mason. 
FULL-SPREAD, ful-spred'. a. Spread to the utmost 

extent. Dryden. 
FULL-STOMACHED*, ful-stSnV-akt. a. Having 
I the stomach crammed. Tourneur. 
411 



FUM 



FUN 



ID 3 559.— Kite, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel J— pine, pin ;— 



FULL-STUFFED*, ful-stM'. a. Filled to the utmost 

extent. Drayton. 
FULL-SUMMED, fui-sumd'. a Complete in all its 

parts. Howell. 
FULL-WINGED*, ffil-wlngd'. a. Having large or 

strong wings. Sfiak. Ready for flight ; eager. 

Beamnont and Fletcher. 
To FULL§, ful. v. a. [fullo, Lat.] To cleanse cloth 

from its oil or grease. Sherwood. 
FU'LLAGE, fuF-lage. 90. n. s. The money paid for 

fulling or cleansing cloth. 
FU'LLAM. See Fulham. 
FULLER, ful'-lur. 98. n. s. Lpullepe, Sax.] One 

whose trade is to cleanse cloth. Shakspeare. 

§Cf* This word, though derived from the Latin fullo, 
has deviated into the sound of the English word full. 
and is an exception to the rule laid down in the Prin- 
ciples, No. 177. W. 

FILLER'S Earth, ffil'-lurz-erf/i. n. s. A marl of a 
close texture, extremely soft and unctuous to the 
touch, when dry of a grayish-brown colour, and 
generally has a greenish cast in it. Woodward. 

FILLER'S Thistle, or Weed. n. s. A plant. 

FU'LLERY, fuF-lur-re. n. s. The place where the 
trade of a fuller is exercised. 

FU'LLINGMILL, ful'-llng-mu. n. s. A mill where 
the water raises hammers which beat the cloth till 
it is cleansed. Mortimer. 

FU'LLY, fuF-le. ad. Without vacuity. Complete- 
ly; without lack. Hooker. 

FU'LMINANT, ful'-me-nant. 177. a. Thundering ; 

making a noise like thunder. 
To FU'EMINATES, fuF-me-nate. 91. v.n. [fulmi- 
no, Lat.] To thunder. Davies. To make a loud 
noise or crack. Boijle. To issue out ecclesiastical 
censures. Lord Herbert. 

To FU'LMINATE, f'uF-me-nate. v. a. To throw out 
as an object of lerrour. Ayliffe. To denounce 
with censure ; to condemn. Warburlon. To cause 
to explode. Sprat. 

FULMINA'TION, ful-m^na'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of thundering. Denunciation of censure. Ayliffe. 
The act of fulminating : a term of chvmistry. Sprat. 

FULMINATORY, ful'-me-na-tfir-e. 512. a. Thun- 
dering; striking horrour. Cotgrave. 

To FU'LMINE§*, ffd/-min. v. a. [fulminer, Fr.] To 
shoot; to dart, like lightning. Spenser. 

To FU'LMINE*, ful'-mm. v. n. To thunder 3 to 
speak with the power of thunder. Milton. 

FU'LNESS, fSF-nes. n. s. The slate of being filled 
so as to have no part vacant. Numbers, xviii. The 
state 01 abounding in any quality, good or bad. 
Completeness; such as leaves nothing to be desir- 
ed. South. Completeness from the coalition of 
many parts. Bacon. Completeness ; freedom from 
deficiency. Psalms. Repletion ; satiety. Bp. Tay- 
lor. Plenty ; wealth. Shah. Struggling perturba- 
tion ; swelling in the mind. Bacon. Largeness ; 
extent. Dryden. Force of sound, such as fills the 
ear; vigour of sound. Pope. 

FULSOME y, ffil'-sSm. 177. a. [pulle, Sax.] Nau- 
seous; offensive. Otway. Rank; gross: to the 
smell. Bacon. Lustful. Slw.k. Tending to ob- 
scenity. Dryden. 

FU'LSOMELY, ful'-sum-le. ad. Nauseously; ran k- 
lv ; obscenely. Newton. Foully ; not decently. 
Homilies. 

FU'LSOMENESS, ful'-sum-nes. n. s. Nauseousness. 
Price. Foulness. Homilies. Rank smell. Ob- 
scenity, Dryden. 

FUT/VID* ffil'-vld. a. [fulvidus, Lat.] Of a deep 
vellow colour. More. 

FUMA DO, fu-ma'-do. n. s. [fumus, Lat.] A smoked 
fish. Carew. 

FU'MAGE, fiV-maje. 90. n.s. [fumus, Lat.] Hearth- 
money. Diet. 

FU'MATORY, fiV-ma-tur-e. 512, 534. n. s. [fume- 
terre, Fr.] An herb. Shakspeare. 

To FU'MBLEy, ftW-bl. 405. v. n. [fommelen, 
Dutch.] To attempt any thing awkwardly or un- 
gainly. Sackville. To puzzle ; to strain in per- 



plexity. Dryden. To play childishly. Shak. To 
stutter ; to hesitate in the speech. Marston. 
To FU'MBLE, fum'-bl. v. a. To manage awkward 

ly. Shakspeare. 
FU'MBLER, fum'-bl-ur. n. s. One who acts awk- 
wardly. 
FU'MBLINGLY, fum'-blmg-le. ad. In an awkward 

manner. B. Jonson. 
FUMEy, fume. n.s. [fumus, Lat.] Smoke. Dryden. 
Vapour j any volatile parts flying away. Shak. 
Exhalation from the stomach. South. Rage; heat 
of mind ; passion. South. Any thing unsubstantial. 
Shak. Idle conceit; vain imagination. Bacon. 
To FUME, fume. v. n. To smoke. Milton. To va- 
pour ; to yield exhalations. Shak. To pass away 
in vapours. B. Jonson. To be in a rage. Dryden. 
To FUME, fume. v. a. To smoke ; to dry in the 
smoke. Carew. To perfume with odours in the 
fire. Dryden. Simply, to perfume. Fleiclier. To 
disperse in vapours. Mortimer. 
FU'MET, fi'-mSt. n. s. The dung of the deer. B. 

Jonson. 
EVME'TTE, fu-meY. n.s. [Fr.] The stink of meat. 

Swift. 
FU'MID y, f'u'-mld. a. [fumidus, Lat.] Smoky ; va- 
porous. Brown. 
FUMFDITY, fu-mfd'-e-te. n. s. Smokiness ; tenden- 
cy to smoke. Diet. 
To FU'MIGATE y, fiV-me-gate. v. n. [fumiger, Fr.] 
To smoke ; to perfume by smoke or vapour. Dry- 
den,. To medicate or heal by vapours. 
FUMIGA'TION, fii-me-ga'-shun. n. s. Scents rais 
ed by fire. Arbidhnot. The application of medi 
cines to the body in fumes. 
FU'MING* fiV-mmg. n. s. The act of scenting by 
smoke. Mortimer. Fume ; idle conceit. Mirror for 
Magistrates. 
FU'MINGLY, fiV-ming-le. ad. Angrily ; in a rage. 

Hooker. 
FU'MISH*, fiV-mfsh. a. Smoky; also hot, cholerick. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
FU'MITER, fu'-me-tur. 98. n. s. A plant. Shak- 
speare. 
FU'MITORY*. See Fumatory. 
FU'MOUS, fiV-mus. 314, ) a. [fumeux, Fr.] Produ- 
FU'MY, f iV-me. ) cing fumes. Dryden. 

FUN y, fun. n.s. Sport ; high merriment. More. 
FUNA'MBULATORY*, fu-nam'-bu-la-tfir-e. a. 
Narrow, like the walk of a ropedancer. Brown. 
Performing like a ropedancer. Chambers. 
FUNAMBULIST*, fij-nam'-bu-lfst. n. s. A rope- 
dancer. The Looker-on. 
F UNA' MB UL O* fu-nam'-bu-lo. )n.s.[ funam- 
FUNA'MBULUS*,itx-nzm'-bh-\fc.S bulm, Lat.] 

A ropedancer. Bacon. 
FUNCTIONS, fimg'-shun. n. s. [functio, Lat.] Dis- 
charge ; performance. Swift. Employment ; office. 
Whitgift. Single act of any office. Hooker. Trade 5 
occupation. Shak. Office of any particular part 
of the body. Bentley. Power; faculty. Shak. 
FUNCTIONARY* fiW-sh&n-a-re. n. s. One who 
is charged with an office or employment. That 
which performs any office. 
FUND y, fund. n. s. [fond, Fr.] Stock ; capital ; that 
by which any expense is supported. Drijaen. Stock 
or bank of money. Addison. 
To FUND*, fund. v. a. To place money in the funds 
either of a company, a corporation, or the publick. 
FUNDAMENT y, fun'-da-ment. n.s. [fundamen- 
tum, Lat.] Originally, foundation. Chaucer. The 
back part of the body. Hudibras. 
FUNDAMENTAL, ffin-da-men'-tal. a. Serving for 
the foundation ; that upon which the rest is built j 
essential ; important. Raleigh. 
FUNDAMENTAL, fun-da-men'-tal. n.s. Leading 

proposition. South. 
FUNDAMENTALLY, f&n-da-meV-tal-e. ad. Es- 



sentially; originally. Grew. 
TJNE'BRIAL*, fu-ne'-bre-al. a. 



Belonging to fu- 
nerals. Sir T. Brown. 
FUNERAL y, fiV-ner-al. 88. n. s. [fuverailles , Fr.} 
The solemnization of a burial ; the payment of the 
412 



FUR 



FUR 



-nO, mfive, ndr, ndt;— liibe, tftb, bull} — 611 ;— p6find ;— </tin, thjs. 



last honours to the dead ; obsequies. Shak. The 
pomp or procession with wpich the dead are car 
ried. Pope. Burial ; interment. Denluim. 
IT NERAL, fiV-ner-aJ. a. Used at the ceremony of 
interring the dead. Sliak. Mourning. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 
To FU'NERATE $*, fiV-ner-ate. v. a. [funeratm, 

Lat.l To bury. Cockeram. 
FUNERA'TldN*, fa-ner-a'-shun. n.s. The solem- 
nization of a funeral. KnaichbuU. 
FUNE'REAL, fu-ne'-re-al. a. Suiting a funeral; 

dark ; dismal. Pope. 
FUNE'ST*, fu-nest'. a. [funestus, Lat.] Doleful; 
lamentable. Phillips. 

FUNGE*, f&nje. b. s. [fungus, Lat.] A blockhead ; 
a dolt ; a fool. Burton. 

FUNGO'SITY, fung-gos'-e-te. n.s. Unsol id excres- 
cence. Biblioth. Biol. 

FUNGOUS, fung'-gus. 314. a. Excrescent ; spongy; 
wanting firmness. Smith. 

FUNGUS, fung'-gfis. n. s. [Lat.] Strictly, a mush- 
room : a word used to express such excrescences of 
flesh as grow out upon the lips of wounds, or any 
other excrescence from trees or plants, not natural- 
!v belonging to them. Arbuthnot. 

FU NICLE §, fiV-ne-kl. 405, 534.. n. s. [funiculus, 
Lat.] A small cord. 

FU.NI CULAR, fu-nlk'-u-lar. 88. a. Consisting of a 
small cord or fibre. 

FUNK §, fftnk. n. s. A stink. A low word. 

To FUNK*, funk. v. a. To poison with an offensive 
smell. King. 

To FUNK*", funk. v. n. To stink through fear. Epi- 
gram on J. Burton. 

FU'NNEL, frtn'-nel. 99. n. s. [infundibulum, Lat.] 
An inverted hollow cone, with a pipe descending 
from it, through which liquors are poured into ves- 
sels. B. Jcnson. A pipe or passage of communi- 
cation. Addison. 

FU'NNY*, fun'-ne. a. [from fun.] Comical. • 

FU'NNY*, fun'-ne. n. s. A light boat ; a kind of 
wherry. 

FUR §, fur. n. s. [furra, low Lat.] Skin with soft hair, 
with which garments are lined for warmth. Peach- 
am. Soft hair of beasts found in cold countries ; 
hair in general. Raij. Any moisture exhaled to 
such a degree as that the remainder sticks on the 
part. Dryden. 

To FUR, fur. v. a. To line or cover with skins that 
have soft hair. Sidney. To cover with soft matter. 
Peacham. 

FUR, fur. ad. [now commonly written far.] At a dis- 
tance. Sidney'. 

FUR-WROUGHT, fiV-rawt. a. Made of fur. Gay. 

FURA'CIOUS$, fu-raAshus. a. [furax, Lat.] Thie- 
vish. Diet. 

FURA'CITY, fu-raV-e-te. n. s. Disposition to theft. 
Cockeram. 

FU'RBELQWS, f&r'-be-lo. n. s. A piece of stuff 
plaited and puckered together, either below or 
above, on the petticoats or gowns of women. Pope. 

To FU'RBELOW, fiV-be-16. v. a. To adorn with 
ornamental appendages of dress. Prior. 

To FURBISH §, fur'-bish. v. a. [fourbir, Fr.] To 
burnish ; to polish. Jerem. xlvi. 

FU'RBISHABLE* fur'-bish-a-bl. a. That may be 
polished. Sherwood. 

FU'RBISHER, fur'-bish-or. n. s. One who polishes 
any thing. Barret. 

FURCA'TION, fur-ka'-shun. n. s. [furca, Lat.] 
Forkiness ; the state of shooting two ways, like the 
blades of a fork. Brown. 

To FU'RDLE*, fur'-dl. v. a. [fardeler, Fr.] To con- 
tract; to draw up into a fardel or bundle. Sir T. 
Brown. See To Furl. 

FURFUR, ffir'-fur. n. s. [Lat.] Husk or chaff, 
scurf or dandruff, that grows upon the skin, with 
some likeness to bran. Quincy. 

FURFURA'CEOUS, for-fu-ii'-shus. 357. a. Husky; 
branny; scaly. 

FU'RIOUS §, fu'-re-fis. a. _ [furiosus, Lat.] Mad ; 
phrenetick. Hooker. Raging ; violent ; transported 



by passion beyond reason. Shak. Violent ; impet- 
uously agitated. Milton. 
FU'RIOUSLY, fu'-re-us-le. ad. Madly ; violently. 

Fuffi)USNESS, fiV-r£-fis-nes. n.s. Frenzy; mad- 
ness ; transport of passion. Brewer. 
To FURL, furl. v. a. [a contraction of furdle.] To 
draw up ; to contract. Creech 

FU'RLONG, fiV-l6ng. n. s. [puplanj, Sax.] A 
measure of length; the eighth part of a mile. Bacon. 

FURLOUGH, fur'-l6. 318, 390. n. s. [verlof, Dutch.] 
A temporary dismission from military service. Dry- 
den. 

FU'RMENTY, ffir'-men-te. [more properly Fru- 
menty, which see.] n. s. Food made by boiling 
wheat in milk. Tusser. 

FURMETY*. See Furmenty and Frumenty. 

FU'RNACE $, fiV-nis. 91. n.s. [furnus, Lat.] An 
enclosed fireplace. Bacon. 

To FU'RNACE, fiV-nis. v. a. To throw out as 
sparks from a furnace. Shakspeare. 

FU RNIMENT*, fiV-ne-ment. n. s. [foumiment r 
Fr.] Furniture. Spenser. 

To FURNISH §,fur'-nlsh. v. a. [fournir,Fr.]To 
supply with what is necessary. Locke. To give j 
to supply. Locke. To fit up ; to fit with appenda- 
ges. Bacon. To equip ; to fit out for any undertak- 
ing. Watts. To decorate ; to supply with orna- 
mental household stuff. Lord Halifax. 

FU RNISH*, fur'-nish. n. s. A specimen ; a sample, 
Greene. Ob. T. 

FU'RNISHER, fiV-nish-ur. n.s. [fournisseur, Fr.] 
One who supplies or fits out. Greenhill. 

FURNISHING*, fur'-nlsh-lng. n. s. A sample; a 
show. Shakspeare. 

FU'RNISHMENT*, f&r'-nlsh-ment. n. s. A supply 
of things necessary. Cotgrave. 

FU RN1TURE, ftV-ne-tshure. 463. n. s. Movables ; 
goods put in a house for use or ornament. South. 
Appendages. Tillotson. Equipage ; embellish- 
ments ; decorations. Spenser. Materials for work 
of any kind. Bentley. 

FU'RRIER, fiV-re-ur. n.s. A dealer in furs. Cot- 
grave. 

FU'RROW§, f&r'-ro. 324, 327. n. s. [punh, Sax.] A 
small trench made by the plough for the reception 
of seed. Mortimer. Any long trench or hollow . 
Dryden. 

FURROW-FACED*, f&r'-ro-faste. a. Having a fur- 
rowed face. B. Jonson. 

FURROW-WEED, f&r'-ro-weed. n. s. A weed thai 
grows in furrowed land. Shakspeare. 

To FU RROW, f&r'-ro. v. a. [pypian, Sax.l To cat 
in furrows. Shak. To divide in long hollows. 
Suckling. To make by cutting. Wotton. 

FU'RRY, f&r'-re. a. Covered with fur; dressed in 
fur. Felton. Consisting of fur. Dryden. 

FURTHERS, fiV-THur. 98. a. [from forth, further, 
furthest.] [See Forth and Farther.] At a great- 
er distance. Beyond this. St. Matt. xxvi. Further 
has the force of a substantive in the phrase no fur- 
titer for nothing further. Milton. 

FU'RTHER, fiV-THur. ad. To a greater distance. 
Numbers, xxii. 

To FU'RTHER, fiV-THur. v. a. [ponftpian, Sax.] 
To put onward ; to forward ; to promote ; to coun- 
tenance ; to assist ; to help. Hooker. 

FURTHERANCE, fur'-TH&r-anse. n. s. Promotion 5 
advancement ; help. Spenser. 

FURTHERER, f&r'-THur-ur. n.s. Promoter; ad- 
vancer. Ascham. 

FURTHERMORE, fiV-THur-more. ad. Moreover j 
besides. Exodus, iv. 

FARTHEST*, fiV-THest. ad. At the greatest dis- 
tance. Slienstone. 

FU'RTIVE, fur'-t?v. a. [furtivus, Lat.] Stolen ; got- 
ten by theft. Bp. Taylor. 

FU'RUNCLE, fiV-rungk-kl. 405, 534. n. s. [furun- 
adus, Lat.] A bile; an angry pustule. Wiseman 

FU'RY$, nV-re. n. s. [furor, Lat.] Madness. Shak. 
Rage ; passion of anger ; tumult of mind appro? ch- 
rng to madness. Sluvc. Enthusiasm ; exaltation of 
413 



FUS 



FY 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ;- 



fancy. Sidney. [From furia, Lat.] One of the dei- 
ties of vengeance, and thence a stormy, turbulent, 
violent, raging woman. Addison. 

FU'RYLIKE*, lu'-re-llke. a. Raving; raging like 
one of the furies. Thomson. 

FURZE $, ffirz. n. s. [pyjir; Sax -] Gorse 5 S oss - 
Miller. 

FU'RZY, fur'-ze. a. Overgrown with furze ; full of 
gorse. Gay. 

FUSCA'TION, ffis-ka'-shun. n. s. Darkening or ob- 
scuring. Did. 

FU'SCOUS $*, fus'-kus. a. [fuscus, Lat.] Brown ; 
of a dim or dark colour. Ray. 

To FUSE §, fuze. v. a. [fundo,fusum, Lat.] To 
melt ; to put into fusion ; to liquefy by heat. 

To FUSE, fuze. v. n. To be melted. 

FU'SEE, fu-zee'. n.s. [fuseau, Fr.] The cylinder 
round which is wound the cord or chain of a clock 
or watch. Hale. A firelock, [from fusil, Fr.] A 
small neat musket. More properly written fusil. 

FU'SEE of a bomb or grenade shell, is that which 
makes the whole powder or composition in the shell 
take fire. Harris. 

FU'SEE, fu-zee'. n. s. Track of a buck. Ainsworth. 

FU'SIBLE, fu'-se-bl. 405. a. Capable of being melt- 
ed, or made liquid by heat. Boyle. 

FUSIBI'LITY, fu-se-bll'-e-te. n.s. Capacity of be- 
ing melted ; quality of growing liquid by heat. 
Wotton. I 

FU'SIL,f6/-zn-.a. [fusilis, Lat.] Capable of being; 
melted ; liquefiable by heat. Woodward. Running 
by the force of heat. Milton. 

FU'SIL, fu-zee'. n.s. A firelock ; a small neat mus- 
ket. [In heraldry.] Something like a spindle. 
Peacham. 

FUSILIER, fu-zil-leer / . 275. n. s. A soldier armed 
with a fusil ; a musketeer. 

FU'SION, fu'-zhun. 451. n. s. [fusio, Lat.] The act 
of melting. The state of being melted. Newton. 

FUSS, fus. n.s. [j:\ir, Sax.] A tumult; a bustle. 
Bm/k 

To FU'SSLE*. See ToFuzzle. 

FUST$, fust. n. s. [fuste, Fr.] The trunk or body 
of a column. Drummond. A strong smell ; as that 
-of a mouldy barrel. 

To FUST, ffist. v.n. To grow mouldy ; to smell ill. 
Shakspeare. 

FU'STED*, fus'-teM. a. Mouldy; stinking. Bp. Hall. 

FUSTIAN §, f&s'-tshan. 291. n. s. [fustaine, Fr.] A 
kind of cloth made of linen and cotton, or of cotton 
only. Shak. A high swelling kind of writing made 
up of heterogeneous parts ; bombast. Dryden. 

FU'STIAN, fus'-tshan. a. Made of fustian. Swell- 
ing ; unnaturally pompous ; ridiculously tumid. 
Dryden. 



FU ST1ANIST*, fus'-tshan-?st. n. s. One who writes 
bombast. Milton. 

FU'STICK, ftV-tik. n.s. A sort of wood brought 
horn the West Indies, used in dying cloth. 
Sprat. 

To FU ; STIGATE$, ffis'-te-gate. v. a. [fustigo, 
Lat.] To beat with a stick ; to cane. 

FUSTIGA'TION*, ffis-te-ga'-shun. n.s. An ancient 
custom of punishing with a cudgel ; also, a pen- 
ance enjoined by the Roman inquisition. Abp. 
Sancrojt, 

FUSTILA'RIAN, fus-te-la'-re-an. n.s. [from fusty.] 
A low fellow; a stinkard; a scoundrel. Shakspeare. 

FU'STILUG* ffis'-te-lug. )n.s. A gross, fat, un- 

FU'STILUGS*, fus'-te-lugz. $ wieldy person. Ju- 
nius. 

FU'STINESS, fus'-te-nes. n. s. Mouldiness ; stink. 
Sherwood. 

FU'STY, fus'-te. a. Ill-smelling ; mouldy. Shakspeare. 

FU'TILE§, fu'-tll. 140. a. [futilis, Lat.J Talkative; 
loquacious. Bacon. Trifling; worthless; of no 
weight. Wake. 

FUTILITY, fu-til'-e-te. n.s. Talkativeness ; loqua- 
city . L' Estrange. Triflingness ; want of weight ; 
want of solidity. Bentley. 

FU'TILOUS*, fW-tfl-us. a. Worthless; trifling. 
Howell. Ob. T. 

FU'TTOCKS, fut'-tuks. n. s. [foot hooks.] The low- 
er timbers that hold the ship together. 

FUTURE §, fiV-tshure. 461. a. [futurus, Lat.] That 
which will be hereafter; to come; as, the future 
state. Milton. 

FU'TURE, frV-tshure. n.s. Time to come; some- 
what to happen hereafter. Locke. 

FU'TURELY, fW-tshure-le. ad. In time to come. 
Raleigh. 

FUTURFTION, fu-tshu-r?sh'-un. n. s. The state of 
being to be ; the condition of being to come to pass 
hereafter. Pearson. 

FUTU'RITY, fu-uV-re-te. [See Fortuitous.] n. s. 
Time to come. Swift. Event to come. South. 
The state of being to be ; futurilion. Glanville. 

55° The reason why future has the t aspirated, and fu- 
turity preserves that letter pure, is, that the accent is 
before the £ in the former word, and after it in the lat- 
ter. 463. TV. 

To FUZZ $, fuz. v. n. To fly out in small particles. 
FU'ZZBALL, fiV-ball. n. s. A kind of fungus, 

which, when pressed, bursts, and scatters dust in 

the eyes. 
To FU'ZZLE*, f&z'-zl. v. a. [$vodu>.] To make 

drunk. Burton. 
FY, fl. interj. [<pev ;fy, old Fr.] A word of blame 

and disapprobation. Spenser. 



GAB 



GAD 



*f^ Has two sounds ; one called that of the hard G, 
\JT because it is formed by a pressure, somewhat 
hard, of the forepart of the tongue against the up- 
per gum. The other sound, called that of the soft 
G, resembles that of J, and is commonly, though 
not always, found before e, i : as, gem, gibbet. 379. 
G*. [In musick.] One of the clefs ; that of the treble 
or alt. 

To GAB §*, gab. v. n. [£abban, Sax.] To talk idly ; 
to prate. Chancer. To lie ; to impose upon. Bul- 
iokar. 

GAB*, gab. n. s. Cant ; loquacity. 

GABARDINE. See Gaberdine. 

To GA'BBLE, gab -bl. 405. v. n. [gabbare, ltal.] 
To make an inarticulate noise. Dryden. To prate 
loudly without meaning, Shakspeare. 

GA'BBLE, gab'-bl. n. s. Inarticulate noise like that 
of brute animals. ShaL Loud talk without mean- 
ing. Milton. 

GA'BBLER, gab'-bl-ur. n. s. A prater; a chatter- 
ing fellow. Slverwood. 



iGA'BEL^ga'-bel 
tax. Sir R. Williams 



n. s. [gabelle, Fr.] An excise ; a 



GA'BELLER*,ga/-bel-lur. n. s. A collector of taxes. 
Wright. 

GA'BERDINE, gab-ur-deen'. n. s. [gabardina, 
Span.] A coarse frock; any mean dress. Slmk- 
speare. 

GA'BION, ga'-be-un. 507. n. s. [Fr.] A wicker 
basket which is filled with earth to make a fortifi- 
cation or intrenchment. Knolles. 

GA'BLE, gi'-bl. 405. n. s. [gabl, Icel.] The fore- 
front or end of a house coming down right. The 
gable, or gable-end of a house, is the upright, tri- 
angular end; from the cornice to the top of its roof. 
Clumbers. 

GAD, gad. n. s. [£ab, Sax.] A sceptre, or club. 
Mirror for Magistrates. A wedge or ingot of steel. 
Moxon. A jstyle or graver. Titus Andronicus. 

To GAD §, gad. v.n. [gadaw, Welsh.] To ramble 
about without any settfed purpose ; to rove loosely 
and idly. Ecclus. xxv. 

414 



GAI 



GAL 



—116, move, n6r, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull 5—6?! ;— pd&nd ;— thin, THis. 



GA'DDER.gad'-d&r. n.s. A rambler; one that runs 
much abroad about business. Burton. 

GA'DDING*, gad' -ding. 71. s. A going about ; a 
pilgrimage, hulke. 

GA'DDINGLY, gad'-dhig-le. ad. In a rambling, 
roving manner. Huloct. 

GADFLY, gad'-fll. ». 5. [gwtySwed.] A fly that, 
when he stings the cattle, makes them gad or run 
Madly about; the breese. Bacon. 

GA DICING*, gad'-lmsr. a. Straggling. Ob. T. 

GA'ELICK*, or GA'LlCK*,ga'-lik. n.s. [fromGal- 
liaA A dialect of the Celtick tongue. Sluiw. 

GA'ELICK*, or GA'LICK*, ga'-lik. a. Pertaining 
to the Gaelick language. Chalmers. 

GAFF, gaf. n.s. [gaffe, Fr.] A harpoon or large 
hook. Ainsworth. 

GAFF*, gaf. n. s. A fool. See Goff. 

GA'FFER, gaf -fur. 98. n. s. foepepe, Sax.] A 
word of respect, now obsolete, or applied only to a 
mean person. Gay. 

GA'FFLE, gaf-fl. [gaflak, Icel.] n.s. An artificial 
spur put upon cocks when they are set to fight, 
[fiaveloc, bax.] A steel lever to bend cross-bows. 
Sliei-wood. 

GATFLOCK*. See Gavelock. 

To GAG $, gag. v. a. [gaghel, Dutch.] To stop the 
mouth wiih something that may allow to breathe, 
but hinder to speak. Milton. 

GAG, gag. n. s. Something put into the mouth to 
hinder speech or eating. Milton. 

GA'GGER*, gag'-gfir. n.s. One who uses a gag to 
stop the mouth. Mountagu. 

GAGE §, gadje. n. s. [gage, Fr.] A pledge ; a pawn ; 
a caution. Spenser. A measure ; a rule of meas- 
uring. Young. In naval language, when one 
ship is to windward of another, sne is said to have 
the weather gage of her. 

To GAGE, gadje. v. a. [gager, Fr.] To wager ; to 
depone as a wager ; to impawn; to give as a cau- 
tion. K?wl/es. To bind by some caution or surety ; 
to engage. Shak. To measure ; to take the con- 
tents of any vessel of liquids particularly ; more 
properly gauge.^ Sliukspeare. 

GA'GER*, ga'-jur. n.s. One whose business it is to 
measure vessels or quantities. Sherwood. 

To GA'GGLE$, gag'-gl. 405. v. n. [gagl, Icel.] To 
make a noise like a goose. Bacon. 

GA'GGLING*, gag'-gllng. n.s. A noise made by 
geese. Howell. 

GA'IETY. See Gayety. 

GA'ILY, ga'-le. ad. Airily ; cheerfully. Barret. 
Splendidly ; beautifully. Gray. Very ; in a great 
degree. Wilson. 

GAIN §, gane. 73, 202. n. s. [gain, Fr.] Profit ; advan- 
tage. Phil. iii. Interest ; lucrative views. Shak. 
Unlawful advantage. 2 Cor. xii. Overplus in a 
comparative computation; any thing opposed to 
loss. 
To GAIN, gane. v. a. [gagner, Fr.] To obtain as 
profit or advantage. Brown. To win ; not to lose. 
Milton. To have the overplus in comparative 
compulation. Burnet. To obtain; to procure. 
Milton. To obtain increase of any thing allotted. 
Dan. ii. To obtain whatever, good or bad. Acts, 
xxvii. To win against opposition. Clarendon. To 
draw into any interest or parly. Dry den. To ob- 
tain as a wooer. Milton. To reach; to attain. 
Waller. — To gain oner. To draw to another par- 
ty or interest. Swift. 
To GAIN, gane. v. n. To grow rich ; to have ad- 
vantage ; to be advanced in interest or happiness. 
Ezek. xxii. To encroach ; to come forward by 
degrees. Dry den. To get ground; to prevail 
against. Addison. To obtain influence with. Swift. 
GAIN, gane. a. Handy ; ready. Preface to the Acci 

dence. 
GATNABLE*, gane'-a-bl. a. Capable of being 

fained. Shervwod. 
TN AGE*, gane'-ldje. n. s. [gaignage, old Fr.] In 
our old writers, the profit that comes by the tillage 
of land, held by the baser kind of socmen and 
villains. Cowel. 



GA'lNER, gane'-ur. n. s. One who receives profit 
or advantage. Bacon. 

GA'INFUL, gane'-f&l. a. Advantageous; profitable- 
South. Lucrative ; productive of money. Bp. 
Hall. 

GAINFULLY, gane'-ful-le. ad. Profitably; advan- 
tageously. 

GA'INFULNESS, gane'-f&l-nes. n.s. Profit; ad 
vantage. 

GA'INGIVING, gane'-glv-fng. n.s. The same as 
misgiving; a giving against. Shakspeare. 

GAalNLESS^ane'-tfs. a. Unprofitable ; producing 
no advantage. Hammond. 

GA'INLESSNESS, ganeM§s-nes. n.s. Unprofitable 
ness ; want of advantage. Decay of Piety. 

GA'INLY^ane'-le. ad. Handily; readily; dexter- 
ously. More. Ob. J. 

ToGA'INSAYS, gjine-sa/. [gane'-sa, Perry. 1 v.a. 
['gainst and say.] To contradict ; to oppose. Hooker. 
To denv any thing. Shakspeare. 

GA INSAYER, gane-sa'-ur. [gane'-sa-fir. Perry.} 
n. s. Opponent; adversary. Hooker. 

GA 1NSAYING*, gane-sa'-ing, or gane'-sa-fng. n. s. 
Opposition. St. jude. 

'GAINST, g£nst. 206. prep, [for against.] Dryden. 

To GATN STAND, gane'-stand. v.a. ['gainst and 
stand.] To withstand ; to oppose ; to resist. Sidney. 
Ob. J. 

To GA'INSTRIVE §*, gane'-strlve. v.a. ['gainst 
and strive.] To withstand ; to oppose. Grimoald. 

To GA'INSTRIVE* gane'-strlve. v.n. To make re- 
sistance. Spenser. 

GA'IRISH, ga'-rlsh. 202. a. See Garish and Ga- 

RISHNESS. 

GAIT, gate. n.s. [gat, Dutch.] A way: as, gang 
ijour gait. Shak. March ; walk ; progress. Spen- 
ser. The manner and air of walking. Clarendon. 

GATTED*, gaMed. a. Having a particular gait, or 
method of walking. Sluikspeare. 

G A' ITERS*, ga'-t&rz. n. s. pi. [gvAtres, Fr.] A 
kind of spatterdashes. 

GA'LA*, ga'-la. n. s. [Span, finery ; Ital. mirth.] A 
gala-day is any day of show and festivity. 

GALA'GE, ga-laje'. n. s. [galoge. old Fr.l A shep- 
herd's clog ; a wooden shoe. Spenser. Ob, J. 

GALA'NGAL, ga-lan'-gal. n. s. [galange, Fr.] A 

1 medicinal root. Hill. 

GALA'TIANS*, ga-la'-shans. n. s. pi. [from Gala- 
lia.] Persons descended from the Gauls who settled 
in Lower Asia ; to whom St. Paul addressed au 
Epistle. Gal. iii. 

GALAXY, gal'-lak-se. 517.^ [gal'-lak-se, Jones : 
ga'-lak-se, Sheridan : ga-lakz-se, Perry!] n. s. 
[ya\a!-ia.] The milky way ; a stream of light in 
tne sky, consisting of many small stars. Milton. 
Any splendid assemblage of persons or things. Bp. 
Hall. 

GA'LBANUM, gaT-ba-n&m. 503. n. s. [^aXjSoV^.] 
A resinous gum. Hill. 

GALE §, gale. n.s. [gahling, Germ.] A wind not 
tempestuous, yet stronger than a breeze. Shak. 

To GALE*, gale. v. n. When two ships are near 
one another at sea, and, there being but little wind 
blowing, one feels more of it than another, they 
say, the ship gales away from the other. Clutmbers. 
To sing, [£alan,Sax.] Tyrwhitt. 

GA'LE*, gale, n.s. A plant! Ciabbe. 

GA'LEATED, gaMe-a-teU 507. 1. [galeaius, Lat.l 
Covered as with a helmet. Woodward. Such 
plants as bear a flower resembling a helmet, as 
the monkshood. 

GALE'NICAL*, ga-len'-e-kal. ) a. [from Galen.] 

GALE'NICK*, ga-leV-?k. ] Denoting the man- 
ner of considering and treating diseases according 
to the principles of Galen. A. Wood. 

GA'LENISM$*, gaF-^n-izm. n.s. The doctrine of 
Galen. Chambers. 

GA'LENIST*, gal'-Sn-fst. n. s. A physician that fol 
lows the method of Galen. Bullokar. 

GALERFCULATE, gal-e-rik'-u-late. a. [galerus, 
Lat.] Covered, as with a hat. 

GALILE'AN*, gal-e-le'-an. n.s. A native or inhab- 
415 



GAL 



GAL 



(0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, p?n;- 



itant of Galilee. St. Luke, xiv. One of the sect 
among the ancient Jews, which taught doctrines 
contrary to subjection to the Roman empire. St. 

Luke. 
GA'LIOT, gaF-yfit. See Galliot. 
GALL $, gawl. n.s. fceala, Sax.] The bilej an 
animal juice, remarkable for its supposed bitter- 
ness. Harvey. That part which contains the bile. 
Brown. Any thing extremely bitter. Shak. Ran- 
cour; malignity. Spenser. Anger; bitterness of 
mind. Prior. A slight hurt by fretting off the 
skin. Government of the Tongue. A preternatural 
and accidental tumour, produced on trees : those 
of the oak are used in medicine. Hill. 
To GALL, gawl. v.a. [galler, Fr.] To hurt by 
fretting the skin. Locke. To impair; to wear 
away. SlwJc. To tease ; to fret ; to vex. Hooker. 
To harass ; to mischief. Sidney. 
To GALL, gawl. v. n. To fret. Sliakspeare. 
GA'LLANTS, galMant. a. [galant,Fr.] Gay; well 
dressed; showy; splendid; magnificent. Isaiah, 
xxxiii. Brave ; high-spirited ; daring ; magnani- 
mous. Sidney. Fine ; noble; specious. Shakspeare. 
Courtly with respect to ladies. Clarendon. 
GA'LLANT, gal-lanF. n. s. A gay, sprightly, airy, 
splendid man. Dryden. A brave, high-spirited, 
magnanimous man. Sir T. Herbert. A whore- 
master, who caresses women to debauch them. 
Sha/cspeare. A wooer ; one who courts a woman 
for marriage. 
2£T The difference of accent in English answers the 
sa ne purpose as the different position of the adjective 
in French. Thus, un gallant homme signifies a gal- 
lant man ; and un homme gallant, a gallant man. W. 

To GALLA'NT* gal-lanr 7 . v. a. To pay attention 
to the ladies. The World. 

GA'LLANTLY, gal'-lant-le. ad. Gayly ; splendid- 
ly. Sir T. Herbert. Bravely ; nobly ; generously. 
Swift. 

GALLANTLYf, gal-lant'-le. ad. Like a wooer. 

GA LLANTNESS* gaF-lant-ness. n. s. Elegance ; 
completeness in respect of some acquired qualifica- 
tion. Howell. 

GA'LLANTRY, gaF-lant-re. n. s. Splendour of ap- 
pearance ; show ; magnificence. Waller. Brave- 
ry ; nobleness ; generosity. More. A number of 
gallants. Shak. Courtship; refined address to 
women. Toiler. Vitious love ; lewdness ; de- 
bauchery. Swift. 

GA'LLEASS, gaF-le-as, or gaF-yas. n.s. [galeace, 
Fr.] A heavy, low-built vessel, with both sails and 
oars. Sliakspeare. 

GALLOON, gal-loon', n.s. [gallion, Fr.] A large 
ship with four, or sometimes five, decks. Raleigh. 

GA'LLERY, gaF-lur-e. 557. n. s. [galkrie, Fr.] A 
kind of'wjdk along the floor of a house, into which 
Ihe aoors of the apartments open. Sidney. The 
seats in the playhouse above the pit, in which the 
meaner people sit. Pope. 

GA'LLETYLE, gaF-le-tlle. n. s. Gallipot. Bacon. 

GA'LLEYS, gal'-le. n.s. [galea, Ital.] A vessel 
driven with oars, much in use in the Mediterranean, 
but found unable to endure the agitation of the 
main ocean. Fairfax. It is proverbially consider- 
ed as a place of toilsome misery, because criminals 
are condemned to row in thenft Sovih. 

GA'LLEYFOIST*, gaF-le-iolst. n. s. [from galley 
and foist, a light vessel.] A barge of state. Hake- 
ivill. 

GALLEY-SLAVE, gaF-le-slave. , n. s. A man con- 
demned to row in the galleys. Bp. Bramhall. 

G A'LLIARD §*, gal'-yard. a. [gaillard, Fr.] Brisk ; 

fay ; lively ; nimble. Chaucer. 
'LLIARD, g&F-yard. n. s. A gay, brisk, lively 
man ; a fine fellow. Cleavebmd. An active, nim- 
ble, sprightly dance. Bacon. 

GA'LLIARDISE, gaF-yar-dlse. n. s. [Fr.] Merri- 
ment ; exuberant gayety. Brown. Ob. J. 

GA LLIARDNESS*, gaF-yard-nes. n. s. Gayety ; 
cheerfulness. Gayton. 

GALLICAN$*, gal'-le-kan. ) a. [Gallkus, Lat.] 

GA'LLICK §*, fSTMik. 5 French. Bp. Morton 



GA'LLICISM, gaF-le-s?zm. n.s. [gallidsme, Fr.] A 
mode of speech peculiar to the French language ; 
such as, He figured in controversy. Felton. 

GALLIGA'SfclNS, gal-le-gas'-kins. n.s. pi. [calli- 

fee Gallo- Vascomim.] Large open hose. Philips. 
teed only in ludicrous language. 
GALLIMA' TIA, gal-le-ma'-sha. n. s. [galimatias, 

Fr.] Nonsense ; talk without meaning. 
GALLIMAU FRY, gal-le-maw'-fre. n. s. [galima- 
free, Fr.] A hotch-potch, or hash of several sorts 
of broken meat; a medley. Purchas. Any in- 
consistent or ridiculous medley. Dryden. A woman. 
Sliakspeare. 
GALLINACEOUS*, gal-le-na'-shfis. a. [gallinaceus, 
Lat.] Denoting birds of the pheasant kind. Paley. 
GA'LLIOT, gal-y&t. n.s. [ galiote, Fr.] A little 
galley, built very slight, and fit for chase. Knolles. 
GA'LLIPOT, gaF-le-pdt. n.s. [gala, Spanish.] A 
pot painted and glazed, commonly used for medi- 
cines. Bacon. 
GA'LLIVAT*, gaF-le-vat. n.s. A sort of small ves- 
sel used on the Malabar coast. 
GALL-LESS*, gawF-lfis. a. Without gall or bitter- 
ness. Cleaveland. 
GA'LLON, gal'-lun. n. s. [gallon, old Fr.] A liquid 

measure of four quarts. Wiseman. 
GALLO ON, gal-lW. n. s. [galon, Fr.] A kind of 
close lace, made of gold or silver, or of silk alone, 
Toiler. 
To GA'LLOP §, gaF-lup. v. n. [galoper, Fr.] To 
move forward by leaps, so that all the feet are off 
the ground at once. Donne. To ride at the pace 
which is performed by leaps. Sidney. To move 
very fast. Locke. 
GA'LLOP, gaF-lup. n. s. The motion of a horse 

when he runs at full speed. Farrier's Diet. 
GA'LLOPER, gaF-lup-fir. n.s. A horse that gallops. 
Mortimer. A man that rides fast, or makes great 
haste. A light carriage for a small piece of ord- 
nance. 
GA'LLOPIN*, gal'-lo-pm. n.s. [gallopin, old Fr.] 

A servant for the kitchen. Arclueolog. Ob. T. 
Tc GA'LLOW, gaF-16. v.a. [ajjaelpan. Sax.] To 

terrify ; to fright. Shakspeare. 
GA'LLOW AY, gaF-16-wa. n. s. A horse not more 
than fourteen hands high, much used m the north. 
Milton. 
GA'LLOWGLASS, gaF-'o-glas. n.s. An ancient 
Irish foot soldier. Some think, that it was a soldier 
also who served on horseback. Spenser. 
GA'LLOW, gaF-16. ) n. s. foeal^a, Sax.] A beam 
GA'LLOWS, gaF-lus. ) laid over two posts, on 
which malefactors are hanged. Sidney. A wretch 
that deserves the gallows. Shalcspeare. 
GA'LLOWSFREE, gaF-lOs-fre. a. Exempt by des 

tiny from being hanged. Dryden. 
GA'LLOWTREE, gaF-16-tre. n.s. The tree of ter 

rour; the tree of execution. Spenser. 
GA'LLY*, gawF-e. a. Of gall; bitter as gall. Abp 

Craniner. 
GALLY-WORM*. n.s. An insect. 
GALO'CHE*. ga-loshe'. pi ga-W-shez. n.s. This 
word is in our old lexicography for a kind of shoe, 
and is used by Chaucer. It afterwards became 
gallosho. or golosho, and is now pronounced, and 
sometimes written, galosh. Galcshes or gateches 
are now understood' to be shoes without buckles 
or straps, made to wear over other shoes in wet 
weather. Echard. 
GA'LSOME*, gawF-sfim. a. Angry ; malignant. Bp. 

Morton. 
GALVA'NICK*, gal-van'-lk. a. Denoting the power 

of galvanism. 
GA'LVANISM^* gal'-van-?zm. n. s. [from Galmni, 
celebrated for the experiments which he made in 
this branch of philosophy.] The action of metallick 
substances. Wilkinson. 
To GA'LVANIZE* gaF-va-nlze. v.a. To affect by 

the power of galvanism. Carpue. 
GALVANOMETER*, gal-va-nSm'-e-tur. n. s. A 
measure for ascertaining the power of galvanick 
operations. 

416 



GAN 



GAR 



—116, move, nor, ndt;— tube, tflb, bflll j — 611 ; — pSflnd j — //nn, THis. 



GAMA'SHES*, ga-mash'-e'z. n. s. pi. Short spatter- 
dashes worn by ploughmen. Skelton. 
GAMBADOES, gdm-ba'-doze. n.s. pi. [gamba, 

Ita).] Spatterdashes. Dennis. 
To GAMBLER, g&m'-bl. v.n. To play extrava- 
gantly for money. Looker-on. 
GA MBLER.gam'-bl-ur. n.s. A knave whose prac- 
tice it is to invite the unwary to game, and cheat 
them. 
GA'MBOGE, gam-boodje'. n. s. A concreted vegeta- 
ble juice, of a bright yellow colour, and scarce any 
smell. Hill. J 

To GA'MBOM, gW-bul. 166. v.n. [gambiller, 
Fr.] To dance ; to skip ; to frisk. Milton. To 
leap ; to start. Sltakspeare. 
GA'MBOL, gam'-bul. n.s. A skip; a hop; a leap 

for joy. Dry den. 
GA'MfiREL $, gam'-bril. 99. n.s. [gamba, gamba- 

rella, ltal.1 The leg of a horse. Grew. 
To GA'MBREL*, gam'-bril. v. a. To tie by the leg. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
GAME f, game. n. s. [gaman, Iceland.] Sport of 
any kind. Shak. Jest ; opposed to earnest or se- 
riousness. Spenser. Insolent merriment; sportive 
insult. Milton. A single malch at play. Addison. 
Advantage in play. Dryden. Scheme pursued; 
measures planned. Temple. Field sports : as, the 
chase, falconry. Shak. Animals pursued in the 
field. Milton. Solemn contests, exhibited as spec- 
tacles to the people. Sltakspeare. 
To GAME, game. v.n. fcamian, Sax.] To play 
at any sport. To play wantonly and extravagant- 
ly for money, Whole Duly of Man. 
GAME-COCK, game^k. n. s. A cock bred to 

fight. Locke. 
GAME-EGG, game'-gg. n. s. Eggs from which fight- 
ing cocks are bred. Garth. 
GA'MEKEEPER, game'-keep-fir. n.s. A person 
who looks aftergame, and sees it is not destroyed. 
GAME-LEG*, game'-leV. n. s.[a corruption of gum, 

or cam, crooked, and Teg.] A lame leg. 
GA'MESOME, game'-sfim. a. Frolicksome; gay; 

sportive. Sidneif. 
GA'MESOMELY, gW-sum-le. ad. Merrily. 
GA'MESOMENESS^game'-sfim-n^s. n.s. Sportive- 

ness; merriment. 
GA'MESTER, game'-stfir. n. s. One who is vitious- 
]y addicted to play. Bacon. One who is engaged 
at play. Shak. A merry, frolicksome person. Shak. 
A prostitute. Shakspeare. 
GA'MING* ga'-ming. n. s. The practice of game- 
sters. Addison. 
GA'MING-HOUSE*, ga'-ming-hofis. n. s. A house 
where illegal sports are practised and where game- 
sters carry on their employment. Sherwood. 
GA'MING-TABLE*, ga'-mlng-d'-bl. n. s. A ta- 
ble at which gamesters practise their art. Bp. 
Berkeley. 
GA'MMER, gam'-mfir. n. s. The compellation of a 

woman, corresponding to gaffer. 
GA'MMON, ganV-mun. 166. n.s. The buttock of a 
hog salted and dried ; the lower end of the flitch. 
Dryden. A kind of play with dice. Thomson. 
GA'MUT, gam'-ut. n. s. The first or gravest note in 
the modern, or Guide's, scale of musick. The scale 
of musical notes. Slmkspeare. 
GAN. gan. pret. of gin. [ftynnan, Sax.] Spenser. 
To^ GANCH, gansh. o. a. [ganciare, Ita! .J To drop 
from a high place upon hooks by way "of punish; 
ment ; a practice in Turkey. Dryden. 
GA'NDER, gan'-dar. 98. n. s. [^anbpa, Sax.] The 

male of the goose. Camden. 
To GANG §, gang. v. n. [gangan, Dutch.] Togo; 
to walk : an old word, still used in the north of Eng- 
land. Spenser. 
GANG, gang. n. s. A street or road. A number 
herding together; a troop; a company; a tribe; 
a herd. Shakspeare. 
GANG-DAYS*, gang'-dize. n. s. pi. [^ang-ba^a]-, 

Sax J Days of perambulation. 
GA'NGHON, gang'-g6n. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of flow- 
er. Ainsworth. 

53 



GA'NGLION, gang'-gle-fin. 166. n.s. [yayyUov.] 
A tumour in the tendinous and nervous parts 
Wiseman. 
To GA'NGRENATE, gang'-gre-nate. v. a. To pro- 
duce a gangrene ; to mortify. Brown. 

GA NGRENE ^gang'-grene. 408. n. s. [ydyypaiva.] 
A mortification ; a stoppage of circulation followed 
by putrefaction. Bacon. 
To GA'NGRENE, gang'-grene. v. a. To corrupt to 

mortification. Bacon. 
To GA'NGRENE, gang'-grcne. v.n. To become 
mortified. Wiseman. 

GA'NGRENOUS, gang'-gre-nus. a. Mortified ; pro- 
ducing or betokening mortification. Arbvthnot. 

GA'NGwAY, gang'-wa. n.s. A thoroughfare or 
passage. [In a ship.] The several ways or pas 
sages from one part ofit to the other. Diet. 

GA NGWEEK, gang'-week. n. s. [£an£-puca, 
Sax.] Rogation week, when processions are made 
to lustrate the bounds of parishes. Gerarde. 

GA'NTELOPE, ganf-lope. } n. s. [gant and hopen, 

GA'NTLET, gant'-let. ) Dutch.] A military 
punishment, in which the criminal, running between 
the ranks, receives a lash from each man. Dry- 
den. 

GA'NZA, gan'-za. n. s. [ganza, Span.] A kind of 
wild goose. Bp. Hall. 

GAOL §, jale. 212. n. s. [geol, Welsh.] A prison ; a 
place of confinement. It is always pronounced, 
and often written, jail, and sometimes goal. Shak. 

To GAOL, jale. v. a. To imprison ; to commit to 

faol. Bacon. 
'OLDELIVERY, jale'-de-'V-ur-e. n.s. The ju- 
dicial process, which, by condemnation or acquittal 
of persons confined, evacuates the prison. Davies. 

GA'OLER, jale'-fir. n. s. A keeper of a prison. 
Shakspeare. 

GAP, gap. n. s. An opening in a broken fence. 
Tusser. A breach. Knolles. Any passage. Dry- 
den. An avenue ; an open way. Spenser. A hole ; 
a deficiency. Sliak. Any interstice ; a vacuity. 
Sliak. An opening of the mouth in speech during 
the pronunciation of two successive vowels. Pope. 
— To stop a gap, is to escape by some mean shift ; 
to patch up matters for a time. Swift. To stand 
in the gap. To make defence ; to expose himself for 
the protection of something in danger. Leslie. 

GAP-TOOTHED, gap'-tootfit. 359. a. See Gat- 
toothed. 

To GAPE §, gap. 75, 92, 241. v.n. [geapan, Sax.] 
To open the mouth wide; to yawn. Chaucer. To 
open the mouth for food, as a young bird. Dryden. 
To desire earnestly ; to crave. Denham. To open 
in fissures or holes. Bacon. To open with a breach. 
Arbvthnot. To open; to have a hiatus. Dryden. 
To make a noise with open throat. Roscommon. 
To stare with hope or expectation. Hudibras. To 
stare with wonder. 'Dryden. To stare irreve 
rently. Job, xvi. 

£5= The irregularity in the pronunciation of this word 
seems'to arise from the greater similitude of the Italian 
a to the action signified, than of the slender English a. 
See Cheerful, Fierce, &c. W. 



GATER, 



98. 



One who opens his 



mouth. One "who stares foolishly. Beaum. and Fl. 
One who longs ar craves. Carew. 

GAR, in Saxon, signifies a weapon : so Eadgar is a 
happy iceapon. Gibson. 

To GAR, gar. v. a. [giora, Iceland.] To cause; to 
make. Spenser. 

GARB, garb. n. s. [garbo, Ital.] Dress ; clothes ; 
habit. Milton. Fashion of dress. Denham. Exte- 
rior appearance. Lord Clarendon. [In heraldry.] 
A sheaf of wheat, or any other grain. 

GARBAGE §, gar'-b'fdje. 90. n.s. [gar and bagge, 
or balgs, Goth.] The bowels ; the offal. Shak. 

GA'RBAGED*, gar'-bldjd. a. That hath the gar- 
bage pulled out. Shenv'cod. 

GA'RBEL, gar'-Ml. 99. n. s. A plank next the keel 
of a ship. Bailey. 

GA'RBIDGE^ar'-bldje. 90. n.s. Corrupted from 
garbage. Mortimer. 



GAR 



GAS 



(n?559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, pin ;- 






GA'RBISH, gar'-bish. n. s. Corrupted from gar- j 
bage. Mortimer. 

To GA'RBISH*. gar'-bish. v. a. To exenterate. 
Barret. 

To GA'RBLE §, gjV-bl. 405. v. a. [garbellare, Ital.] 
To sift and cleanse spices. Ward.' To sift; to 
part ; to separate the good from the bad. Dryden. 

GA'RBLER, gar'-bl-fir. n. s. The garbler of spices 
is an officer in the city of London, whose business 
is to view and search drugs, &c, and to garble and 
cleanse them. Cowel. He who separates one part 
from another. Swift. 

GARBOIL, gar'-bSll. n. s. [ gar bouil, old Fr.] Dis- 
order; tumult; uproar. Bp.Hall. 

GARD, gard. n. s. [garde, Fr.] Wardship; care; 
custody. 

To GARD*. See To Guard. 

GARDENS, gar'-d'n. 92, 103. n. s. feeajib, Sax.] 
A piece ofground enclosed, and planted with herbs 
or fruits. Temple. A place particularly fruitful or 
delightful. Shakspeare. 

55" When the o, in this and similar words, is preceded 
by g or k, polite speakers interpose a sound like the 
consonant y, which coalesces with both, and gives a 
mellowness to the sound : thus, a garden, pronounced in 
this manner, is nearly similar to the two words egg 
and yarden united into eggyarden, and a guard is al- 
most like eggyard. — See Guard. W. 

GARDEN-MOULD, gar'-d'n-mold. n.s. Mould fit 
for a garden. Mortimer. 

GARDEN-PLOT*, gar'-d'n-plSt. n. s. Plantation 
laid out in a garden. Milton. 

GA'RDEN-TILLAGE^r'-d^-til'-lMje. n.s. Til- 
lage used in cultivating gardens. Mortimer. 

GA'RDEN-WARE, gar'-d'n-ware. n.s. The pro- 
duce of gardens. Mortimer. 

To GA'RDEN, gar'-d'n. v. n. To cultivate a gar- 
den. Bacon. 

To GA'RDEN* gar'-d'n. v. a. To dress as a gar- 
den ; to make a garden. Colgrave. 

GA'RDENER, gar'-d'n-fir. n. s. He that attends or 
cultivates gardens. Bacon. 

GARDENING, gar'-d'n-?ng. n. s. The art of cult 
vating or planning gardens. Spectator. 

GARE, gare. n. s. Coarse wool growing on the legs 
of sheep. Did. 

GA'RGARISM §, gar'-ga-rlzm. n. s. [yapyapicftos.] 
A liquid form of medicine to wash the mouth with. 
Quincy. 

To GA'RGARIZE, gar'-ga-rlze. v.a. [yapyaoi^.] 
To wash the mouth with medicated liquors. Bacon. 

GA'RGET, gar'-ggt. n.s. A distemper in cattle. 
Mortimer. 

To GA'RGLE §, gar'-gl. 405. v. a.[gargouiller, Fr.] 
To wash the throat with some liquor not suffered 
immediately to descend. Harvey. To warble ; 
to play in the throat. Waller. 

GA'RGLE, gar'-gl. n. s. A liquor with which tlje 
throat is washed. Wiseman:. 

GA'RGLION, garg'-le-fin. n. s. An exsudation of 
nervous juice from a bruise, or the like, which in- 
durates into a hard, immovable tumour. Quincy. 

GA'RGOL, gar'-goL n. s. A distemper in hogs. 
Mortimer. 

CA'RISH $, ga'-rlsh. a. [$eanp.ian, Sax.] Gaudy; 
showy; splendid ; fine; glaring. Ascham. Extrava- 

fanlly gay ; flighty. More. 
'RISHLY*, ga'-rlsh-Ie. ad. Splendidly; gaud- 
ily. Dr. Wesljield. Wildly ; in a flighty manner. 
Hinde. 
GA'RISHNESS, ga'-rish-nes. n. s. Finery ; flaunt- 
ing gaudiness. Florio. Flighty or extravagant 
jov. South. 
G AIRLAND §, gar'-land. n.s. [ garlande, Fr.] A 
wreath of branches or flowers. Sidney. The top ; 
the principal. Shak. A collection of little printed 
pieces. Percy. 
To GARLAND*, gar'-land. v. a. To deck with a 

farland. B. Jonson. 
'RLICK $, gar'-llk. n. s. [^ajtleac, Sax.] A plant. 
Miller. 
G A' RLICK Pear-tree. n. s. An American tree. 
Miller. 



GA'RLICK Wild. n. s. A plant. 
GA'RLICKEATER, gar'-llk-e-tfir. n.s. A mean 

fellow. Shakspeare. 
GA'RMENT, gar'-ment. n. s. [guarniment, old Fr.] 
Any thing by which the body is covered ; clothes ; 
dress. Shakspeare. 
GA'RNER §, gar'-n&r. n. s. [grenier. Fr.] A place 

in which threshed grain is stored up. Joel, i. 
To GA'RNER, gar'-nfir. v.a. To store as in gar- 
ners. Shakspeare. 
GA'RNET, gar'-net. n. s. [garnato, Ilal.] A gem 
of a middle degree of hardness, between the sap- 
phire and the common crystal. Its colour is a 
strong red. Hill. 
To GA'RNISH §, gar'-nlsh. v. a. [garnir, Fr.] To 
decorate with ornamental appendages. Sidney. To 
embellish a dish with something laid round it. Dry- 
den. To fit with fetters : a cant term. 
GA'RNISH, gar'-nlsh. n. s. Ornament; decoration; 
embellishment. Shale. Things strewed round a 
dish. [In gaols.] Fetters. An acknowledgement 
in money when first a prisoner goes into a gaol. 
Swift. 
GA'RNISHER*, gar'-n?sh-ur. n. s. One who dec- 
orates. Sherwood: 
GARNISHMENT, gar'-nlsh-ment. n. s. Ornament; 

embellishment. Bp. Hall. 
GA'RNITURE, gar'-ne-tshure. n. s. Furniture ; or- 
nament. Addison. 
GA'ROUS, ga'-r&s. a. [gai-urn, Lat.] Resembling 

pickle made of fish. Broum. 
GA'RRAN, gar'-r&n. 81. See Garron. 
GARRET^, gar'-rch. 81. n. s. [gariie, Fr.] A room 
on the highest floor of the house. Dryden. Rotten 
wood. Bacon. 
GA'RRETED*, gar'-rel-ed. a. Protected by tur- 
rets. Careio. 
GARRETEER, gar-ret-teer'. n.s. An inhabitant 

of a garret. Pursuits of Literature. 
GA'RRISON §, gar'-re-s'n. 170. n.s. [garison, old 
Fr.] Soldiers placed in a fortified town or castle to 
defend it. Sidney. Fortified place stored with 
soldiers. Waller. The state of being placed in a 
fortification for its defence. Spenser. 
To GA'RRISON, gar'-re-s'n. v. a. To supply a place 
with an armed force to defend it. Sluxk. To secure 
by fortresses. Dryden. 
GA'RRON, gar'-r&n. n. s. [Erse.] A small horse; a 
hobby. The Irish garron is a strong horse, a hack- 
ney. Spertser. 
G ARRU'LITY §, gar-ru'-le-te. n. s. [garrulitas, Lat.] 
Loquacity ; incontinence of tongue. Milton. The 
qualitv of talking too much ; talkativeness. Ray. 
GA'RRULOUS, gar'-ru-lus. a. Prattling ; talkative. 

Bp. Reynolds. 
GA'RTER§, gar'-lur. 98. n.s. [gartur, Goth.] A 
string or riband by which the stocking is held 
upon the leg. Shak. The mark of the highest order 
of English knighthood. Shak. The principal king 
at arms. Addison. 
To GA'RTER, gar'-tur. v. a. To bind with a gar- 
ter. Shak. To invest with the order of the garter. 
Warton. 
GARTH, gart/i. n. s. [as \( girth, from gird.] The 
bulk of the body measured by the girdle. An 
enclosure ; a yard ; a garden ; a croft. A hoop 
or band. . 

GA'R UM*, ga'-rfim. n. s. [Lat.] A pickle, in which 

fish has been preserved. Chambers.^ 
GAS §, gas. [gaz, Jones.] n.s. A spirit not capable of 

being coagulated. Thomson. 
GAS-LIGHT, (Cluxlmers.) gas'-llte. The light and 
heat procured by the combustion of carburetted 
hydrogen gas, a recent invention, by which streets 
and publick places are now lighted. 
GA'SCON*, gas'-k6n. n. s. A native of Gascony. 

Toiler. 
GASCONA'DE$, gas-kA-nade'. n. s. [Fr. From the 
Gascons, a nation eminent for boasting.] A boast ; 
a bravado. Swift. ..,''. m , 

To GASCON A'DE, gas-k6-nade'. v. n. To boast; 
to brag ; to bluster. 

413 



GAT 



GAY 



— n6, mSve, n6r, n6t ; — tube, tab, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — th\n, this. 



ToGASHS, gash. v. a. [hacher, Fr.] To cut ii 
small pieces. Transl.of BuUtnger's Ser/n. To < 



into 
pieces. 'I'ransl.ofBullinger's'Serm. To cut 
deep, soas to make a gaping- wound. Hayward. 

GASH. gash. n. s. A deep and wide wound. S/iew- 
ser. The mark of a wound. Arbuthnot. 

G A SlIFUL*, gash'-lul. a. Full of gashes ; looking 
terribly. Quarks. 

G.VSKETS*, gas'-kSts. n. s. pi. On ship-board, 
the small cords used to fasten the sails to the yards 
when furled up. Cluxmbers. 

GA'SKINS, gas'-kinz. n.s. pi. [See Galligas- 
kins.] Wide hose ; wide breeches. Shaksveare. 

GASOMETER*, ga-zom'-e-lar. n. 5. [^-as/and pi- 
rooi'.] An instrument said to be invented by La- 
voisier and Meunier to measure the quantity of gas 
employed in experiments. The place where gas is 
preparer! for lighting towns, &c. 

To GASP}, gasp. v. v. To open the mouth wide ; to 
catch breath with labour. Dryden. To emit breath 
by opening the mouth convulsively. Dryden. To 
long for. Spectator. 

55= The a in this word has sometimes, and not improp- 
erly, the same sound as in gape, and for the same rea- 
son. — See G \pe. W. 

GASP, gasp. 71. s. The act of opening the mouth to 
catch breath. The short catch of breath in the 
last agonies. 2 Mace. vii. 

To GAST$, gast. v.a. [^ayt, Sax.] To make 
aghast ; to fright ; to shock ; to terrify. Shak. 

To GA'STER*, gas'-ifir. v. a. feart, Sax.] To 
scare ; to terrify. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

GA'STFUL*. See Ghastful. 

GA'STLY*. See Ghastly. 

GA'STNESS*, gast'-nes. n. s. Fright ; amazement. 
Shakspeare, 

GA'STRICK4, gas'-trik. a. [yacm)p.] Belonging to 
the bellv or stomach. 

GASTRFL0QUIST*,gas-trll / -6-kw?st. n.s. [yaa- 
-fip, and loqui, Lat.] A person who speaks inward- 
ly, and whose voice seems to come afar off; usually 
called a ventriloquist. Reid. 

GASTRO'RAPHY, gas-tr&r'-a-fe. n. s. [yaurrijp 
and pa$ru).] Sewing up any wound of the belly. 
Slui'-p. 

GASTROSTOMY, gas-tr6t'-6-me. 518. n. s. [yacrhp 
and Tiroixa.] The act of cutting open the belly. 

GAT, gat. The preterit of get. 

G A T-TOOTHED*. gat'-tooi/id. a. [£afc , Sax.] Hav- 
ing a goat's tooth; having a lickerish tooth. 
Chancer. 

GATE§, gate. n.s. feeat, Sax.) The door of a 
city, castle, palace, or large building. A frame of 
timber, upon hinges, to give a passage into enclosed 
grounds. Shak. An avenue ; an opening. KnoU.es. 
A way ; a passage; a road. Drummond. A goat. 
Spenser. 

GA TED*. ga/-ted. a. Having gates. Young. 

GA'TEVEIN, gate'-vane. n. s. The vena porta. Ba- 
con. 

GA'TEWAY, gate'-wa. n. s. A. way through gates 
of enclosed grounds. Mortimer. A building to be 
passed at the entrance of the area to a large man- 
sion. 

To GA'THERS. gaTii'-ur. u. a. fcabepian, Sax.] 
To collect ; to bring into one place. Gen. To get 
in harvest. Lev. xxv. To pick up ; to glean. Isaiah, 
Ixii. To crop ; to pluck. Dryden. To assemble. 
Job. To heap up ; to accumulate. Proverbs. To 
select and take. Psalm cvi. To sweep together. 
St.Matt.xiW. To collect charitable contributions. 
Dr. King. To bring into one body or interest. 
Isaiah, lvi. To draw together from a state of dif- 
fusion ; to compress ; to contract. Pope. To gain. 
Dryden. To pucker needlework. To collect 
logically. Hooker. To contract; to get. Joel,\\. 
— To gather breath. To have respite from any ca- 
lamity. Spenser. 
To GATHER. gaTH'-Sr. ».n. To be condensed; 
to thicken. Dryden. To grow larger by the ac- 
cretion of similar matter. Bacon. To assemble. 
To generate pus or matter. 



GA'THER, gaTH'-ur. 98. n. s. Pucker ; cloth drawn 

together in wrinkles. Uudibras. 
GA / THERABLE*,gaTii / -fir-a-bl.a.Deduciblefrom 

premised grounds. Godwin. 
GA'THERER, gaTH'-fir-or. n. s. One that gathers: 

a collector. Wotton. One that gets in a crop of 

anv kind. Amos. 
GATHERING, gaTH'-ur-ing. n. s. An assembly. 

Ecclus. xxvi. An accumulation ; a collection. 

Slutckford. A collection of charitable contribu- 
tions. 1 Cor. xv i. Generation of matter. Decay 

of Christian Piety. 
GATTEN-TREE, gat'-tn-tre. n. 3. A species of 

Cornelian cherry. 
GAUDS, gawd. n. s. [gaudium, Lat.] An ornament; 

a fine thing; a toy ; a trinket; a bawble. Goicer. 

Not now much used. 
GA'UDED*, gaw'-ded. a. Decorated with beads or 

trinkets. Chaucer. Coloured. Shakspeare. 



GA'UDERY, gaw'-der-: 
luxury of dress. Bacon. 



Finery; ostentatious 



GAUDILY, gaw'-de-le. ad. Showily. Guthrie. 

GA'UDINESS, gaw'-de-ngs. n. s. Showiness; tin- 
sel appearance. Whitlock. 

GA'UDY, gaw'-de. 213. a. Showy ; splendid; pomp- 
ous ; ostentatiously fine.* Shak. Rejoicing ; festal. 
Shakspeare. 

GA'UDY, gaw'-de. n.s. A feast; a festival ; a day 
of plenty. Cheune. 

To GAUGE y, gadje. 217. v. a. [gauge, Fr.] To 
measure with respect to the contents of a vessel. 
To measure with regard to any proportion. Z>er- 
ham. 

GAUGE, gadje. 71. s. A measure; a standard. 
Moxon. 

GA'UGER, ga'-jur. n. s. One whose business is to 
measure vessels or quantities. Careic. 

GAULS*, gawl. n. s. [Gallia, Lat.] An ancient 
name of France. Warton. An ^old inhabitant of 
France. Phillips. 

GA'ULISH*, gaw'-lish. a Relating to the Gauls 
Chambers. 

To GAUM*, gawm. v. a. [gaum, Icel.] To under- 
stand : a northern word. 

To GAUNCH*. v. a. See To Ganch. 

GAUNT y, gant. 214. a. [^epanian, Sax.] Thin; 
slender ; lean ; meager. Shakspeare. 

GA'UNTLY, gant'-le. ad. Leanly ; slenderly ; mea- 

GA'UNTLET, gant'-let. n. s. [gantelet, Fr.] An 
iron glove used for defence, and thrown down in 
challenges. Shakspeare. 

GAUZE, gawz. n. s. [gaze, Fr.] A kind of thin, trans- 
parent silk. Arbuthnot. 

GAVE, gave. The preterit of give. 

GA'VELy, gav'-ll. 177. n. s. A provincial word for 
ground. Mortimer. A tribute; a toll; a yearly 
rent. See Gabel. 

GAVELKIND, gav'-fl-klnd. n. s. A custom where- 
by the lands of the father are equally divided at his 
death amongst all his sons. Coivel. 

GA'VELOCK*. n. s. [ftaveloc, Sax.] An iron crow. 
Sometimes called Gqfflock. 

GA'VOT, gav'-ut.w. s. [gavotte, Fr.] A kind of dance. 
Arbuthnot. 

GA'WBY* gaw'-be. n. s. [gabe, Fr.] A dunce, fool, 
or blockhead. 

GAWD*. See Gaud. 

GAWKS, gawk. 219. n. s. feeac, Sax.] A cuckoo. 
A foolish fellow. Brand. 

GA'WKY*, gaw'-ke. n. s. A stupid, half-witted, or 
awkward person. 

GA'WKY*, gaw'-ke. a. Awkward ; ungainly. Pen- 
nant. 

To GAWM*, See To Gaum. 

GAWN, gawn. n. s, [corrupted for gallon ] A small 
tub or lading vessel. 

GA'WNTREE, gawn'-tre. n. s. [Scottish.] A wood 
en frame on which beer casks are set when tunned 

GAY$,ga. 220. a, [gay, Fr.] Airy ; cheerful ; merry ; 
frolick. Pope. Fine ; showy. James, ii. Specious* 
Milton, 

419 



GEH GEN 




inr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



GAY, ga. n. s. An ornament; an embellishment. 
UEstrange. 

GA'YETY, ga'-e-te. n. s. Cheerfulness; airiness; 
merriment. Acts of juvenile pleasure. Denham. 
Finery; show. 

GAYLY, ga'-le. ad. Merrily; cheerfully; airily. 
Bp. Hall. Splendidly ; pompously. Gay. 

GA'YNESS, ga'-nes. n.s. Gayety; finery. Bp. 
Hall. 

GA'YSOME* ga'-sum. a. Full of gayety. Mirror 
for Magistrates. 

To GAZE$, gaze. v. n. [£erean, Sax.] To look in- 
tently and earnestly ; with eagerness. Shakspeare. 

$£/= Ben Jonson says in his Grammar, that, in the end of 
"many English words, (where the letter i is only prop- 
erly used,) "it seems to sound as s, as in maze, gaze ; as, 
on the contrary, words writ with s sound like z, as muse, 
hose, nose, &c." By which we may observe the differ- 
ence of pronunciation in two centuries, and that the al- 
teration has been in favour of analogy. W. 

To GAZE, gaze. v. a. To view steadfastly. Milton. 

GAZE, gaze. n. s. Intent regard ; look of eagerness 
or wonder ; fixed look. Spenser. The object gazed 
on. Milton. 

GA / ZEFUL,gaze / -ful. a. Looking intently. Spenser. 

GA'ZEHOUND, gaze'-hofind. n, s. A hound that 
pursues not by the scent, but by the eye. Tickell. 

GAZE'L, [ga y -zel, Johnson; ga-zel', Todd and 
Webster ; gaz'-eL Perry.] n. s. An Arabian deer. 
Goldsmith. 

GA'ZEMENT*, gaze'-ment. n. s. View. Spenser. 

GA'ZER, ga'-zur. n. s. He that gazes. Spenser. 

GA'ZET*, ga-zeV. W. n.s. [gazetta,It<x\.] A Venetian 
half-penny. Massinger. 

GAZE'TTES, ga-zet'. n.s. [gazetta is a Venetian 
half-penny, the original price of a newspaper.] A 
paper of news ; a paper of publick intelligence. 

To GAZE'TTE*, ga-zeV. v. a. To insert in a ga- 

GAZETTE'ER, gaz-et-leer'. n. s. A writer of news. 
Donne. An officer appointed to publish news by 
authority. Johnson. A newspaper. Thomson. 

GA'ZINGSTOCK, ga'-zmg-stok. n. s. A person 
gazed at with sconi or abhorrence. NaJium. Any 
obiect gazed at. Bp. Hall. 

GA r ZON, gaz-6cV. [See Encore.] n. s. [Fr.] [In 
fortification.] Pieces of fresh earth covered with 
grass, cut in form of a wedge, to line parapets and 
the traverses of galleries. Harris. 

GE*. [Sax.] A particle often prefixed to Saxon 
verbs, participles, and verbal nouns. Verstegan. 

To GEALp, jeel. v. n. [geler, old Fr.] To congeal. 
Partlveneia Sacra. 

GEARS, geer. 560. n.s. [£eappian, Sax.] Furni- 
ture; accoutrements; dress; habit; ornaments. 
Spenser. The traces by which horses or oxen 
draw. Cliapman. Stuff. Robinson. [In Scotland.'] 
Goods or riches. The furniture of a draught- 
horse. Rambler. Business, things, or matters. 
Spenser. 

To GEAR*, geer. v. a. To dress. Ray. 

GE'ASON, ge'-sn. a. [geisn, Goth.] Rare; uncom- 
mon; wonderful. Spenser. 

GEAT, jeet. n. s. [corrupted from jet.] The hole 
through which the metal runs into the mould. 
Moxon. 

GE BERISH*. See Gibberish. 

GECK§, gek. 381. n. s. [geek, Germ.] A bubble 
easily imposed upon. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. 

$& This word, like several other old English words, 
is preserved among the lower order of people in Ire- 
land, and pronounced gag, though totally obsolete in 
England. W. 
To GECK, gek. v. a. To cheat ; to trick. 
GEE, jee. A term used by wagoners to their horses 
when they would have them go faster. It is a sort 
of abbreviation ofgeho. Brand. 
GEER*. See Gear. 
GEESE. The plural of goose. 
GEHE'NNA*, ge-hen'-na. n. s. [yievva.] Properly, 
a place in a valley where the Israelites sacrificed 



their children in fire to the idol Moloch ; it is usual 
ly taken for hell. Milton. 

GE'HO*. See Gee. 

GE'LABLE, jel'4-bl. [jel'-a-bl, Jones: j e Ma-bl, 
Sheridan and Perry.] a. What may be con- 
gealed. 

ftOT I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the quantity 
of the first syllable of this word, not so much from the 
short e in the Latin gelabilis, whence it is derived, a§ 
from the analogy of English pronunciation. The ante- 
penultimate accent generally shortens every vowel but 
u, unless followed by a diphthong.— See Principles, No. 
503, 535, 536. W. 

GE'LATINE, jgl'-a-tlne. 149. )a. [gelutine,o\d Fr.] 

GELA'TlNOUSJe-laV-m-us. \ Formed into agel- 
ly ; viscous ; stiff and cohesive. Woodward. 

To GELD §, geld. 560. v. a. preter. gelded or gelt ; 
part. pass, gelded or gelt ; [gelien, Germ.] To cas- 
trate ; to deprive of the power of generation. Tns- 
ser. To deprive of any essential part. Sha/c . To 
deprive of any thing immodest, or liable to objec- 
tion. Dryden. 

GELD*, geld. n. s. [£elb, Sax.] Tribute ; also a fine 
or compensation for delinquency. 

GE'LDER, geld'-ur. n. s. One that performs the act 
of castration. Tusser. 

GELDER-ROSE, gel'-dfir-rdze. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

GE'L DING, gel'-ding. 560. n. s. Any animal cas- 
trated, particularly a horse. GraunL 

GE'LID §, jel'-id. a. [gelidus, Lat.] Extremely cold. 
Marston. 

GELI'DITY, je-lfd'-e-te. n.s. Extreme cold. Diet. 

GE'LIDNESS, j&'-fd-nes. n. s. Extreme cold. Did. 

GE'LLY, jel'-le. n. s. [gelee, Fr.] Any viscous body ; 
viscidity; glue; gluy substance. Dryden. 

GELT, gell. n.s. A castrated animal. Mortimer. Ob. J. 

GELT, g£lt. n. s. Tinsel ; gilt surface. Spenser. 

GELT, gelt. The part. pass, of geld. 

GEM §, je^m. n. s. [gemma, Lat.] A jewel ; a precious 
stone of whatever kind. Sidney. The first bud. 
Denham. 

To GEM, j£m. v. a. To adorn, as with jewels or 
buds. Lovelace. 

To GEM, jem. v. n. To put forth the first buds 
Milton. 

GE'MEL$*,jeW-n. n.s. [gemellus, Lat.] A pair; 
two things of a sort; an heraldick term. Dray- 
ton. 

GE'MEL Ring*, [now written gimmal and gim- 
bal ring.] n. s. Rings with two or more links. 
Brewer. 

GEMELLI'PAROUS, jem-mel-llp'-pa-rus. 518. a 
[gemelli and pario, Lat.] Bearing twins. Diet. 

To GE'MINATE§, jem'-me-nate.'gi. v. a. [gemino, 
Lat.] To double. Diet. 

GEMINA'TION, jem-me-na'-shun. n. s. Repetition : 
reduplication. Bacon. 

GEMINI*, jem'-e-nl. n. s. pi. [Lat.] The twins. 
Castor and Pollux ; the third sign in the zodiack 
B. Jonson. 



jewels. Brown. 

GE'MMEOUS, jem'-me-us. a. Tending to gems. 
Woodward. Resembling gems. 

GEMMO'SITYJem-m&s'-e-te. n.s. The quality of 
being a jewel. Diet. 

GE / MMY*,-jem / -me. a. Resembling gems. Thom- 
son. 

GE'MOTE, jem'-mote. n. s. [£emot, Sax.] A 
meeting ; the court of the hundred. Ob. J. 

GE'NDERSJen'-dur. n.s. [gendre, Fr.] A kind; a 
sort. Shak. A sex. A. Smith. [In grammar.] A 
denomination given to nouns from their being 
joined with an adjective in this or that termina- 
tion. Clark. 

To GE'NDER, jen'-d&r. v. a. To beget. Wicliffe. 
To produce ; to cause. 2 Tim. 

To GE'NDER, jen'-dfir. v. n. To copulate ; to breed. 
Shakspeare* 

420 



GEN 



GEN 



-n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, b6ll ;— oil ;— pdund 5— thin, Tins. 



GENEALOGICAL, j£-ne-a-l6dje'-e-k4]. a. Per- 
taining to descents or families. Gough. 

GENEALOGIST, je-ne4F-6-jist. n. s. He who 
traces descents. Walpole. 

GENEA LOGY sS je-ne-al'-o-je. 518. [ien-e-aF-6-je, 
Sherid\ut and Joins.] 11. s. [yivea and Adyoj .] His- 
tory of the succession of families. BurnH. 

#y Common speakers, and those not of tho lower order, 
are apt to pronounce this word as if written gcneology : 
but those who are ever so little attentive to" propriety, 
preserve the a in its fourth sound. W. 

GE NERABLE, jen'-er-a-bl.a. [genero, Lat.] That 
mav be produced or begotten. Benlley. 

GE'NERALg, jen'-er-al. 88. a. [generalis, Lat.] 
Comprehending many species or individuals} not 
special} not particular. Sliak. Lax in significa- 
tion ; not restrained to any special or particular 
import. Watts. Not restrained by narrow or dis- 
tinctive limitations. Locke. Relating to a whole 
class or body of men, or a whole kind of any being. 
Whi'gift. "Publick ; comprising the whole. Sliak. 
Not directed to any single object. Sprat. Having 
relation to all. Milton. Extensive, though not 
universal. Common; usual. Sliak. Compendi- 
ous. Shakspeare. 

GE NERAL, jeV-er-al. n. s. The whole; the totali- 
ty. Xorris. The publick ; the interest of the 
whole. Sliak. The vulgar. ShaA. [General, Fr.] 
One that has the command over an army. Locke. 
A particular beat of the drum ; the signal of 
marching. 

GENERALI SSIMO, jen-er-al-is'-e-nA n. s. [gen- 
eralissiiiie, Fr.] The supreme commander. Wolton. 

GENERALITY, jen-er-aF-e-te. n. s. [generulile, 
Fr.] The state of being general. Hooker. The 
main body; the bulk. Raleigh. 

GENERALIZATION*, jen-eV-al-e-za'-shun. n, s. 
The act of reducing- to a genus. A. Smith. 

To GENERALIZE*, jen'-er-al-lze. v. a. To re- 
duce to a genus. Reid. 

GENERALLY, jen'-er-al-e. ad. In general; without 
specification or exact limitation. Sliak. Extensive- 
ly, though not universally. Commonly ; frequently. 
In the main; without minute detail. Addison. 

GENERALNESS, jcV-er-al-nes. a. s. Wide ex- 
tent, though short of universality; frequency; 
commonness. Sidney. 

GENERALSHIP* jen'-er-al-shfp. n. s. Conduct 
of him who commands an army ; good or bad 
management. Bolingbroke. 

GE'NERALTYJen'-er-al-te. n. s. The whole; the 
totalitv. Hale. 

GENERANT, jen'-er-ant. n. s. The begetting or 
productive power. Glanville. 

To GENERATE $,jen'-er-ate. v. a. [genero, Lat.] 
To beget ; to propagate. Bacon. 1 o produce to 
life ; to procreate. Milton. To cause; to produce. 
Bacon. 

GENERATION., jen-er-a'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
begetting or producing. Bacon. A family ; a race. 
Shak. Progeny ; offspring. Shak. A single suc- 
cession. Raleigh. An age. Hooker. 

GENERATIVE, jeV-er-a-tiv. 512. a. Having the 
power of propagation. Raleigh. Prolifick ; fruitful. 
Bentley. 

GENERATOR, jeV-er-a-t&r. 166,521. n. s. The 
power which begets, causes, or produces. Bown. 
The person who "begets. Broun. 

GENE'RICAL§,je-ner'-e-kal. )a. [generinue, Fr.] 

GENE / RICK§,je-n§r / -rfk.509. \ That which com- 
prehends the genus, or distingu'shes from another 
genus. Harvey. 

GENE'RICALLY, jA-nV-e-kal-e. ad. With re- 
gard to the genus, though not the species. Wood- 
ward. 

GENEROSITY, jen-er-os'-e-te. n. s. High birth. 
Shak. The quality of being generous ; magna- 
nimity ; liberality. Locke. 
GENEROUS $, jeV-er-fis. 314. a. [generosus, Lat.] 
Not of mean birth; of good extraction. Ld. Burleigh. 
Noble of mind ; magnanimous ; open of heart. 
Dryden. It is used of animals : Sprightly; daring; 



courageous. Cowley. Liberal ; munificent. ParneU. 
Strong ; vigorous. Boyle. 

GENEROUSLY, jen'-er-us-le. ad. Not meanly, 
with regard to birth. Magnanimously; nobly. 
Dryden. Liberally; munificently. 

GENEROUSNESSJeV-eV-us-nes. n.s. The quali 
ty of being generous. Spenser. 

GENESISljeV-t sis. n. s. [ykw] Generation? 
the first book of Moses, which treats of the pro 
duction of the world. Patrick. 

GENET, jeV-nit. 99. n.s. [ginete, Spam] A small- 
sized, well-proportioned Spanish horse. Shakspeare 

GENET*, jeV-nit. n. s. An animal ofthewease. 
kind. BuLlokar. 

GENETHLPACAL, jen-eY/i-ll'-a-kal. [See Heter- 
ogeneous.] a. [yevcQ\iaKos.] Pertaining to nativi- 
ties as calculated by astronomers. Howell. 

GENETHL1'ACKS$, je-ne//F-le-aks. [je-ncW-le- 
aks, Perry ; ge-neW-le-aks, Sheridan.] n. s. [yz- 
vidXij.] The science of calculating nativities, or 
predicting the future events of life from the stars 
predominant at the birth. 

GENETHLIA'TICK, je-netfi'-le-aF-lk. n. s. He who 
calculates nativities. Drummond. 

GENE'VA, je-ne'-va. n. s. [genevre, Fr.] A spirit 
distilled from the juniper-berry ; the fiery liquid 
called gin. Massinger. 

GENEVA Bible*, n. s. The whole English Bible 
printed at Geneva, first in 1560. Strype. 

GENE'VANiSM* je-ue'-van-km. n. s. Strict Cat- 
vini=in. Mountagu. 

GENEVOTS*. n. s. pi. People of Geneva. Addison, 
Now written Genevese. 

GENIAL §, je'-ne-al. a. [genialis, Lat-] That 
which contributes to propagation. Milton. That 
gives cheerfulness, or supports lite. Milton. Natu- 
ral ; native. Broivn. Gay ; merry. Warton. 

GENIALLY, je'-ne-al-le. ad. By genins; naturally. 
Glanville. Gayly; cheerfully. Harris. 

To GENICULATES*, je-nfk'-u-late. v. a. [genicu 
lo, Lat.] To joint or knot. Cockeram. 

GENFCULATED, je-nfk'-u-la-led. a. Knotted j 
jointed. Woodward. 

GENTCULA'TION, je-nik-u-la'-shun. n.s. Knotti- 
ness. The act of kneeling. Bp. Hall. 

GENIE*, je'-ne. n. s. [genie, old Fr.] Inclination 5 
disposition; turn of mind. Wood. 

GENIO, je'-ne-o. n. s. [Ital.] A man of a particular 
turn of mind. Taller. 

GENITALS, jeir'-e-talz. 88. n.s. [genitalis, Lat.] 
Parts belonging to generation. Brown. 

GENITING,jeV-ne-t?n. n. s. [Janeton, Fr.} An 
earlv apple gathered in June. Bacon. 

GENITIVE, jeV-e-tfv. a. [genitivus, Lat.] [I11 
grammar.] The name of a case, which, among 
other relations, signifies one begotten ; as, the fa- 
ther of a son; or one begetting, as, son of a father. 
Harris. 

GENITOR*, jgn'-e-tur.ra.s. A sire ; a father. Sheldon, 

GENITURE*, jen'-e-lshure. n.s. Generation ; birth. 
Burton. 

GENIUS §, je'-ne-us. n.s. [Lat.] The protecting or 
ruling power of men, places, or things. Sluik. A 
man endowed with superiour faculties. Addison. 
Mental power or faculties. Waller. Disposition 
of nature by which any one is qualified for some 
peculiar employment. Dryden. Nature ; disposi- 
tion. Burnet. 

GENOE'SE*, jen-6-ese'. n. s. pi. Tne people of Ge- 
noa in Italy. Addison. 

GENT, jent. a. [gent, old Fr.] Elegant; pretty; soff ; 
gentle ; polite. Spenser. Ob. J. 

GENTE'EL §, jen-teeF. a. [gentil, Fr.] Polite ; ele- 
gant in behaviour; civil. Swift, Graceful in 
mien. Toiler. Elegantly dressed. Law. 

GENTE'ELL Y, jen-teeF-le. ad. Elegantly ; politely. 
Glanville. Gracefully; handsomely. Swinburne. 

GENTE'ELNESS. jen-teeF-nes. n. s. Elegance ; 
gracefulness ; politeness. Dryden. Qualities befit- 
ting a man of rank. 

GENTIAN, jeV-shan. n. s. [gentiana, Lat.] Fei- 
wort or baldmony. Hill. 
<■ , 421 



GEN 



GEO 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, phi 



A kind of 



GENTIANE'LLA, jen-shan-el'-la. 

blue colour. 

GENTILE $,jeV-til, or jen'-tlle. n. s. [gentilis, hut.] 
One of an uncovenanted nation ; one who knows not 
the true God. Rom. ii. A person of rank. Tusser. 
%£p In the Principles of Pronunciation, No. 140, 1 thought 
Mr. Sheridan wrong in marking *he i in this word long, 
because it is contrary to analog) , but have since had 
occasion to observe, that this pronunciation is most 
agreeable to general usage. W. 
GE'NTILE^.jgn'-til, or jen'-tlle. a. Belonging to a 
nation ; as. British, Irish, German, &c. are gentile 
adjectives. 
GENTILE' SSE, j?Me-leV. n.s. [Ft.] Complai- 
sance ; civility, tiudibras. Ob. J. 
GE'NTILISH, jen'-til-ish. a. Heathenish; pagan. 

Milton. 
GE'NTILISM, jen'-til-fzm. n. s. Heathenism ; pa- 
ganism. Stilling jleet. 
GENT1LITIOUS, jgn-tll-lish'-us. a. [gentilUius, 
Lat.] Endemial ; peculiar to a nation. Brown. 
Hereditary 5 entailed on a family. Arbuthnot. 
GENTILITY, jen-til'-e-le. n.s. Good extraction; 
dig-iilty of birth. Edward. Elegance of behaviour ; 
gracefulness of mien ; nicety of taste. Sluik. Gen- 
try ; the class of persons well born. Davies. Pa- 
ganism ; heathenism. Hooker. 
To GE'NTILIZE*, jen'-tll-ize. v. n. To live like a 

heathen. Milton. 
GE'NTLE $, jen'-tl. 405. a. [gentilis, Lat.] Well 
born ; well descended ; ancient, though not noble. 
Sidney. Befitting a gentleman; genteel; grace- 
ful. Spenser. Soft ; bland ; mild ; tame ; meek ; 
peaceable. Sliak. Soothing; pacifick. Davies. 
GE'NTLE, jen'-tl. n.s. A gentleman; a man of 
birth. Sluik. Ob. J. A particular kind of worm. 
Walton. 
To GE'NTLE, jeV-tl. r. a. To make gentle. Shak- 
speare. Ob. J. 
GE'NTLEFOLK, jeV-tl-f6ke. [See Folk.] n.s. 
Persons distinguished by their birth from the vulgar. 
Shakspeare. 
GENTLEMAN §, jen'-tl-man. BB.n.s. [gentilhomine, 
Fr.] A man of birth ; a man of extraction, though 
not noble. Sidney. A man raised above the vul- 
gar by his character or post. Shak. A term of 
complaisance : sometimes ironical. Addison. The 
servair that waits about the person of a man of 
rank. Camden. It is used ot any man, however 
high. Shakspeare. 
GENTLEMANLIKE, jen'-tl-man-llke. ? a. Becom 
GE'NTLEMANLY, jeV-tl-man-le. $ ingaman 

of birth. Spenser. 
GE'NTLEMAN LINESS*, jen'-tl-man-le-nes. n. s. 

Behaviour of a gentleman. Shenvood. 
GE'NTLEMANSHIP*,jeV-tl-man-ship. n.s. Car- 
riage of a gentleman ; quality of a gentleman. Id. 



Hilifax 
GK'iVri 



LENESS, jeV-tl-nes. n. s. Dignity of birth ; 
riodne** of extraction. Pegge. Gentlemanly con- 
duct ; elegance of behaviour. Sliak. Softness of 
u.-<nners; sweetness of disposition; meekness. 
Mi.tm. Kindness ; benevolence. B. Gilpin. 

GE'NTLESHIP, jen'-tl-shlp. n.s. Carriage of a 
gentleman. Ascham. Cb. J. 

GE'Nl LE WOMAN, jen'-tl- wum-un. n.s. A woman 
of birth above the vulgar; a woman well-descend- 
ed. Abbot. A woman who wails about the person 
of one of hig^h rank. Shak. A word of civility or 
iron Y '. Dryden. 

G E'NTl.E W OMANLIKE*, jen'-tl-wum-un-llke. a. 
Becoming a gentlewoman. Slierwood. 

GENTLY, jen'-tle. ad. Softly; meekly; tenderly; 
inoffensively ; kindly. Dryden. Softly; without 
violence. Sha/cspeare. 

GENTO'0*,jen-to6'. n.s. An aboriginal inhabitant 
of Hindostan. Professor Wliite. 

GENTRY, jen'-tre. n.s. Birth; condition. Sliak. 

Class of people atxwe the vulgar. Sidney. A 

term of civility, real or ironical. Prior. Civility ; 

complaisance. Shakspeare. 

GENUFLE'CTION Je-nu-fiek'-sh&n.n.*. [genu and 



Jlecto, Lat.] The act of bending the knee ; adora- 
tion expressed by bending the knee. Howell. 
GE'NUINE$, jeV-u-in. 150. a. [genuinus, Lat.] Not 

spurious; real; natural; true. Boyle. 
GENUINELY, jen'-u-in-le. ad. Without adultera- 
tion; without foreign admixtures; naturally. Boyle. 
GENUINENESS, jen'-u-m-ngs. n. s. Freedom from . 
any thing counterfeit ; freedom from adulteration ; 
purity ; natural state. More. 
GE'NUS, je'-nfis. n.s. [Lat.] A class of being, com- 
prehending under it many species; as, quadruped 
is a genus, comprehending under it almost all ter- 
restrial beasts. Watts. 
GEOCE'NTRICK,je-6-sen'-trlk.a. [yrj andxivrpov.] 
Applied to a planet or orb having the eanh for its 
centre, or the same centre with the earth. Harris. 
GEOD^E'SIA, je-6-de'-zhe-a. 452. n.s. [ytwtaioia.] 
That part of geometry which contains the doctrine 
or art of measuring surfaces, and finding the con- 
tents of all jjlain figures. Harris. 
GEODiETICAL, je-o-det'-e-kal. a. Relating to the 

art of measuring surfaces. 
GE'ODE*, je'-6de. n. s. [y£u><5//?.] Earth-stone. 
GEO GRAPHER, je-Sg'-gra-fur. 116,257. n.s. One 
who describes the earth according to the position 
of its different parts. Brown. 
GEOGRA'PHICAL,je-6-graf-e-kal.a. Relating to 

geography. 
GEOGRAPHICALLY, je-6-graP-e-kal-e. ad. In a 

geographical manner. Broome. 
GEOGRAPHY^, je-og'-gra-fe. 116, 257, 518. n.s. 
[yrj and ypa'0w.] The Tinowledge of the earth. 
Watts. 
GEO'LOGY, je-6l / -6-je. n. s. [yrj and \6yos.~] The 

doctrine of the earth. 
GE'OM ANCER, je'-6-man-sur. n. s. A fortune teller ; 

a caster of figures. Brown. 
GE'OMANCY §, je'-o-man-se. 519. n. s. [yr, and ^av- 

Tua.~] The act of casting figures. Ayliffe. 
GEOMA'NTICK, je-6-man'-tik. a. Pertaining to the 

act of casting figures. Dryden. 
GEO'METER, je-om'-e-tur. n. s. [yt^irpris.] One 

skilled in geometry ; a geometriciap. Bp. Hall. 
GEO'METRAL,je-5m'-e-tral. a. Pertaining to ge- 
ometry. Diet. 
GEOME'TRICAL, je-6-meV-tre-kal. ) a. Pertain- 
GEOME'TRICK, je-o-meY-trlk. $ ing to geom- 

etry. More. Prescribed or laid down by geometry. 
Stilling ft. Disposed according to geometry. Grew. 
GEOMETRICALLY, je-6-mel'-tre-ka.l-e. ad. Ac- 
cording to the laws of geometry. Wilkins. 
GEOMETRI'CIAN, je-6m-e-trfsh'-an. n. s. One 

skilled in geometry. Broivn. 
To GEO'METRIZE, je-6m'-e-trlze. v. n. To act ac- 
cording to the laws of geometry. 
GEO'METRYf. je-6m'-me-tre. 116, 257, 518. n. s. 
[ymjitToia.'] The science of quantity, extension, or 
magnitude, abstractedly considered. Harris. 
GEOPO'NlCAL, je-6-pon'-e-kal. a. Relating to ag 

riculture. Brmvn. 
GEOPO'NICKS$,je-6-p6n'-iks. n.s. [yTi and irdvos .] 
The science of cultivating the ground ; the doc- 
trine of agriculture. Evelyn. 
GEORGE, j6rje. n.s. [Georgius, Lat.] A figure of 
St. George on horseback worn by the knights of 
the garter. Shak. A brown loaf. Dryden. — George 
Noble. A gold coin, current at six shillings and 
eightpence, in the reign of king Henry VIII. Leake. 
GE'ORGICK$,j6r'-jfk. 116. [See Construe.] n.s. 
[ytupyiKbv.] Some part of the science of husband- 
ry put into a pleasing dress, and set off with all the 
beauties and embellishments of poetry. Addison. 
GE'ORGICK,j6r'-j?k. \a. Relating to the 

GE'ORGICAL*, j6r'-je-kal. $ doctrine of agricul- 
ture. Gay. , „ 
GEORGIUM SZPtfS*, jor'-je-um-sl'-dfts. n. s. 
[Latin ; called after his majesty king George III.] 
One of the planets. Adams. 
GEO'SCOPY*, je-6s'-k6-pe. n. s. [yrj and aKoncu.l 

of 



A kind of knowledge of the nature and qualities 
the ground or soil, gained by viewing and coa 
sidenng it. n 



Chambers. 



423 



GET 



GIA 



— no, move, nflr, nAt ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6?l ;— pfifind ;— th\n, THis. 



GEOTICKJeot'-ik 509. a. [from yi}.] Belonging 
to the earth: terrestrial. Diet. 

GERA'MUM*, je-ra'-ne-um. n. s. [yepdvtov.] A 
plant. Miller. 

GERENT, je'-reni. a. [gereiis, Lat.] Carrying; 
bearing. Diet 

GE'RFALCONJer'-faw-kn. n.s. [geirfalA, Germ.] 
A bird of prey, in size between a vulture and a 
hawk. Sir T. Brown. 

GE'RKIN*. See Gheiikin. 

GERM, jenn. n.s. [gennen, Lat.J A sprout or shoot ; 
that part which grows and spreads. Brown. 

GE'RMAN$, j<V-man. 88. n.s. [germanus, Lat.] 
Brother ; one approaching to a brother in proximity 
of blood ; thus the children of brothers or sisters 
are called cousins german, the only sense in which 
the word is now used. Sidney. 

GE'RMAN, jeV-maiha. Related. Shakspeare. 

GE'RMAN§*, jeV-man. n. s. A native of Germany. 
Milton. The language of the Germans. Ld. Chest. 

GE'RMAN*, jeV-man. a. Relating to the customs, 
language, or people of Germany. Shakspeare. 

GE'RMANDER, jer-man'-dar.n's. A plant. Miller. 

GE'RMANISM*, jeV-man-izm. n. s. An idiom of 
the German language. Ld. Chesterfield. 

GERMA'NITY*, jer-man'-e-te. n.s. Brotherhood. 
Cocker am. 

GE'JIMIN, jer'-mln. n.s. [germen, Lat.] A shooting 
or sprouting seed. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

GE'RMlNANT^.jer'-me-ndnt.u. Sprouting; branch- 
ing. Bacon. 

To GE'RM1NATE$, jer'-me-nate. v.n. [gerndno, 
Lat J To sprout ; to shoot; to bud; to put forth. Bac. 

To GE'RMINATE*, jer'-me-nate. v. a. To cause to 
sprout. Price. 

GERSIINA'TION, jer-me-na'-shun. n.s. The act 
of sprouting or shooting; growth. Bacon. 

To GERN*. See To Girn. 

GERO'COMY§*,je-rok'-6-me. n.s. [yipwv and ko- 
/.im.] That part of medicine which treats of the 
proper regimen to be observed in old age. 

GEROCO'MICAL* je-ro-kftm'-e-kal. a. Pertaining 
to that part of medicine which concerns old age. 
Smith. 

GE'RUND, j&r'-und. n.s. [gerundium, Lat.] [In the 
Latin grammar.] A kind of verbal noun, which 
governs cases like a verb. Lilly. 

GE'SLING* g&Mtog. n.s. A gosling. 

GEST§,jest. n.s. [geste, old Fr.] A deed; an ac- 
tion ; an achievement. Spenser. Show ; represent- 
ation. The roll or journal of the several days, and 
stages prefixed, in the progresses of our kings. A 
stage ; so much of a journey as passes without in- 
terruption. Hammond. 

GESTATION $, jes-ta'-shdn. n. s. [gestatio, Lat.] 
The act of bearing the young in the womb. Brown, 

GE'STATORY*, jes'-ta-tvir-e. a. Capable of being 
borne or carried. Sir T. Brown. 

GE'STICK*, jes'-tlk. a. Legendary; historical. 
Goldsmith. 

To GESTICULATE SJes-tik'-u-lale. v.n. [gestic- 
ulor, Lat.] To play antick tricks ; to show pos- 
tures. Sir T. Herbert. 

To GESTICULATE*, jes-tlk'-u-late. v. a. To act; 
to imitate. B. Jonson. 

GESTICULATION, jgs-tlk-u-la' -shun, n.s. Antick 
tricks ; various postures. Bp. Hall. 

GEST1CULATOR*, jes-tik'-u-la-tur. n,s. One 
that shows postures or tricks. Pegge. 

GESTICULATORY*. jeVtik'-u-la-tur-e. a. Repre- 
senting in antick manner. Warton. 

GE'STOUR* jes'-tSr. n.s. A narrator. Chaucer. 
Ob. T. 

GESTURES, jes'-tshure. 461. n.s. [gero, gestum, 
Lat.] Action or posture expressive of sentiment. 
Sidney. Movement of the body. Milton. 
To GE'STURE, jes'-tshure. v. a. To accompany 

with action or posture. Hooker. 
To GET$, get. 381. v. a. pret. I got, anciently^; 
part. pass, got, or gotten, and anciently #e£ ; [^efc- 
an, ^eatan, Sax.] To procure; to obtain. Gen. 
jcxxl. To force j to seize. Daniel. To win by con- 



Splendidly trifling; showy 



test. Shak. To have possession of; to have. Her 
bert. To beget upon a female. Shak. To gain 
as profit. Locke. To gain as superiority or advan- 
tage. Shak. To earn; to gain by labour. Locke. 
To receive as a price or reward. Locke. To learn. 
Fell. To procure to be. South. To put into any 
state. Abbot. To prevail on; to induce. Spectator. 
To draw ; to hook. Ecclus. xiii. To betake ; to re- 
move. Gen. xxxi. To remove by force or art. 
Knolles. To put. Shak. — To get off. To sell or 
dispose ofiby some expedient. Swift. To get over. 
To conquer; to suppress. Addison. To get up 
To prepare ; to make fit. 

To GET, get. 560. v.n. To arrive at any stale or 
posture by degrees, with some kind of labour, ef- 
fort, or difficulty. Sidney. To fall ; to come by 
accident. Toiler. To find the way. Boyle. To 
move ; to remove. Tusser. To have recourse to. 
Locke. To go ; to repair. Kiwlles. To put one's 
self in any state. Clarendon. To become by any 
act what one was not before. Dry den. To be a 
gainer; to receive advantage. Waller. — To get 
off'. To escape. Bacon. To get up. To rise from 
repose. Bacon. To rise from a seat. To remove 
from a place. Numb. xvi. 

GE'TTER, geY-tur. n. s. One who procures or ob- 
tains. Martin. One who begets on a female. Shak. 

GE'TTING, get'-tlng. n.s. Act of getting ; acquisi- 
tion. Prov. iv. Gain ; profit. Bacon. 

GE'WGAW $, giV-gaw. 381. n. s. [ge^ap, Sax.] A 
showy trifle ; a toy ; a bauble ; a splendid play- 
thing. Bp. Hall. 

GE'W GAW, giV-gaw. a. 
without value. Law. 

GHA'STFULi gast'-ml. 390. a. [£a r fc and pulle, 
Sax.] Dreary ; dismal ; melancholy. Spenser. 
Dreadful ; frightful. Mirror for Magistrates. 

GHA'STFULLY* gast'-ful-le.oii. Frightfully. Pope. 

GHA'STLINESS, gast'-le-nes. n. s. Horrour of 
countenance ; resemblance of a ghost ; paleness. 

GHA STLY$, gast'-le. a. I^tpt, or ghost, and like.} 
Like a ghost; having horrour in the countenance j 
pale ; dismal. Shak. Horrible ; shocking ; dread 
ful. Mi/ton. 

GHASTNESS, gast'-nes. n.s. Ghastliness; hoi 
rouroflook. Shakspeare. 

GHERKIN, geV-kin. n. s. [gurcke, Germ.j A small 
pickled cucumber. Skinner. 

To GHESS, ges. v. n. [See To Guess.] To con- 
jecture. Spenser. 

GHOST §_, g6st. 390. n.s. [#art, Sax.] The soul 
of man. Pearson. A spirit appearing afler death. 
Dry den . — To give up the ghost. To 'die ; to yield 
up the spirit mto the hands of God. Job. — The 
third person in the adorable Trinity, called the 
Holy Ghost. Apostles' Creed. 

To GHOST, g6st. v. w. To yield up the ghost; to 
die. Sidney. Ob. J. 

To GHOST, g6st. v. a. To haunt with apparitions 
of departed men. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

GHOSTLIKE*, gost'-llke. a. Withered; having 
hollow, sad, or sunk-in eyes ; wild-lookijw ; ghast- 
ly. Sherwood. 

GHO'STLINESS, gost'-le-nes. n. s. Spiritual ten- 
dency ; quality of having reference chiefly to the 
soul. 

GHO'STLY, gost'-le. a. Spiritual ; relating^ to the 
soul ; not carnal ; not secular. Common Praijer. 
Having a character from religion ; spiritual. Shak. 
Relating to apparitions of departed men. Akenside. 

GIA'LLALINA, je-al'-la-le-na. n. s. [Ital.] Earth 
of a bright gold colour, found in the Kingdom of 
Naples. Woodward. 

GIA'MBEAUXJam'-bize. n.s. [jambes, Fr.] Legs, 
or armour for legs ; greaves. Spenser. 

G1'ANT$, jl'-ant. n.s. [geanf., Fr.] A man of size 
above the ordinary rate of men ; a man unnatural 
ly large. Shakspeare. 

GFANTESS, jl'-an-t^s. n.s. A she-giant; a woman 
of unnatural bulk and height. Howell. 

To Gl'ANTIZE*, jl'-ant-lze. v.n. To play the giant 
Slierwood. 

423 



GID 



GIL 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, (all, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;- 



) a. Gigantick ; vast ; 
\ bulky. Bp. Hall, 
s. The race of giants. 

Quality or character 



GFANTUKE, jl'-ant-llke. 

GFANTLY, ji'-ant-le. 

GFANTRY* jl'-ant-re. 
Cotgrave. 

GI'ANTSHIP, jl'-ant-shlp. n 
of a giant. Milton. 

GIB £, gib. 382. n. s. Any old, worn-out animal. A cat. 

Skelton. 
To GIB*, gib. v. n. To act like a cat. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

GFBBED* glb'-beU a. Having been caterwauling. 
Bulwer. 

To GFBBER, glb'-b&r. 382. v. n. To speak inartic- 
ulately. Sliakspeare. 

GFBB£R1SH$, glb'-bur-lsh. 382. n. s. Cant ; the I 
private language of rogues and 'gipsies ; words ' 
without meaning. Swift. 

GFBBERISH* gib'-b&r-ish. a. Canting; unintelli- 
gible ; fustian. Florio. 

To Gl'BBERISH* gib'-bur-lsh. v. n. To prate idly 
or unintelligibly, Mountagu. 

Gi'BBET, law-bit. n.s, [gibet, Fr.] A gallows: the 
post on which malefactors are hanged, or on which 
their carcasses are exposed. Davies. Any traverse 
beams. 

To GFBBET, jlb'-bit. v. a. To hang or expose on a 
gibbet. Oldliam. To hang on any thing going 
traverse. Sliakspeare. 

Gl'BBlER, gib'-bere. n. s. [Fr.] Game ; wild fowl. 
Addison. 

GFBBLE-GABBLE^gib'-bl-gab'-bl. n.s. Any rude 
or noisy conversation ; fustian language ; barbarous 
speech". Bullokar. 

GIBBO'SITY, gib-b&s'-e-te. n.s. Convexity; prom- 
inence ; protuberance. Gregory. 

GFBBOUS§,glb'-bus. 382. a. [gibbus, Lat.] Con- 
vex ; protuberant ; swelling into Inequalities. Wise- 
man. Crookbacked. Brown. 

GFBBOUSNESS, gib'-bus-neS. n.s. Convexity; 
prominence. Bentley. i 

Gl'BCAT, gib'-kat. 382. n. s. A he cat. Sliakspeare. 

To GIBE §, jibe. v. n. [gaber, old Fr.] To sneer ; to 
join censoriousness with contempt. Hooker. 

7*o GIBE, jibe. v. a. To reproach by contemptuous 
hints; to flout; to scoff; to ridicule; to sneer; to 
taunt. Sliakspeare. 

GIBE, jibe. n. s. Sneer ; hint of contempt by word or 
look; scoff; act or expression of scorn; taimt. 
Dryden. 

GFBERJl'-bur. n.s. Asneerer ; a scoffer; ataunter. 

* Sliakspeare. 

GFBELLI1NES* gib'-el-llnes. n. s. pi. The name of 
a faction in Italy, opposed to that of the Guelis, in 
the thirteenth century. Bp. Parker. 

GI'BINGLYjKblng-le. ad. Scornfully; contemptu- 
ously. Sliakspeare. 

GFBLETS, jib'-lets. n.s. [gihbier, Fr. game.] The ( 
parts of a goose which are cut off before it is roast- ! 
cd. Bp. Hall. 

GFBSTAFF, jib'-staf. n. s. A long staff to gauge wa- 
ter, or to shove forth a vessel into the deep. A 
weapon used formerly to fight beasts upon the 
stage. Diet. 

GPDDILY. gid'-de-le. ad. With the head seeming to ! 
turn round. Inconstantly; unsteadily. Donne.' 
Carelessly ; heedlessly ; negligently. Sliakspeare. 

GFDDINESS^gld'-dfM^s. n.s. The state of being 
giddy or vertiginous. Inconstancy ; unsteadiness ; 
mutability ; changeableness. Bacon. Quick rota- 
tion ; inability to keep its place. South. Frolick ; 
wantonness of life. Donne. 

GI'DDY§, gld'-de. 382, 560. a. fcibitf, Sax.] Ver- 
tiginous ; having in the head a whirl, or sensation 
of circular motion. Tate. Rotatory ; whirling. 
Pope. Inconstant ; mutable ; unsteady ; change- 
ful. Bacon. That which causes giddiness. Prior. 
Heedless ; thoughtless ; uncautious ; wild. R<rwe. 
Tottering; unfixed. Shak. Intoxicated ; elated to 
thoughtlessness ; overcome by any overpowering 
enticement. Sliakspeare. 

To GFDD Y, ffld'-de. v. n. To turn quick. Chapman. 
Ob. J. 



To GIDDY*, gld'-de. v. a. To make giddy ; to ren- 
der unsteady. Farindon. 

GFDDYBRAJJNED, gld'-de-bran'd. a. Careless? 
thoughtless. Otway. 

GI'DDYHEAD*, gid'-de-hed. n.s. One without 
due thought or judgement. Burton. 

GFDDY-HEADED, gid'-de-hfa-ecl. a. Without 
thought or caution, steadiness or constancy. Donne. 

GFDDYPACED, gid'-de-paste. a. Moving without 
regularity. Sliakspeare. 

To GIE*. t-. a. [guier, old Fr.] To direct ; to guide. 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

Gl'ER-EAGLE, j(V-e-gl. 405. n. s. An eagle of a 

f (articular kind.\Le?>. xi. 
ERFA'LCON*. See Gkrfalcon. 

GIF*, glf. con}. [£ip, Sax. if.] ]f. Perafs Rel. 

GIFT§, gift. 382. n. s. [jjipfc, Sax.] A thing given 
or bestowed. St. Matt. ii. The act of giving. Mil- 
ton. The right or power of bestowing. Milton. 
Oblation ; offering. Tob. xiii. A bribe. Deat. xvi. 
Power; faculty. ShaJcspeare. 

To GIFT*, gilt. v. a. To endow with any faculty or 
power. Bp. Hall. 

Gl'FTED, gif-leU a. Given; bestowed. Milton. 
Endowed with extraordinary powers. Dry den. 

GFFTEDNESS*, glf-ted-nSs. n. s. The state of be- 
ing endowed with extraordinary powers. Echard. 

GIG§, gig. 382. n.s. An)' thing that is whirled round 
in play. Locke. [ Gigia, leelandick/j A fiddle. A 
dart or harpoon. History of Virginia. A wanton 
girl. A ship's wherry. A light vehicle, with two 
wheels, drawn by one horse. 

To GIG*, jig. v. a. [gignOf Lat.] To engender. 
Dryden. 

GIGANTE'AN^jl-gan-te'-an. a. Like a giant; ir- 
resistible. More. 

GlGA'NTICAL*,jl-gan'-te-kal. a. Big; bulky. 

GlGA'NTICKJl-gan'-tik. 217. a. [giganies, Lat.] 
Suitable to a giant ; big ; bulky ; enormous. Milton. 

GIGA'NTINE*, jl-gan'-tin. a. Giantlike. Bullokar. 

GFGGLE* glg'-gl. n.s. A kind of laugh. Barrow. 

To GI GGLE §, glg'-gl. 382. v. n. [^se^l, Sax.] To 
laugh idly ; to tnter. Garrick. 

Gl'GGLER, gig'-gl-fir. n. s. A laugher ; a titterer. 
Herbert. 

GI'GLOT, gig'-lot. n. s. [^se^l, Sax.] A wanton ; a 
lascivious girl. Sliakspeare. 

GI'GLOT*. gigM&t. a. Inconstant; giddy; light; 
wanton. Sliakspeare. 

GIGOT,j]g'-h. n. s. [Fr.] The hip joint; a slice. 
Chapman. 

GFLBERTINE*, gil'-bfir-tlne. n. s. One of a reli- 
gious order named from Gilbert, lord of Sempring 
ham, in the county of Lincoln. 

GFLBERTINE*, gil'-bur-llne. a. Belonging io the 
order of the Gilbertines. Weerer. 

To GILD$, gild. 382. [Sec Guilt.] v. a. pret. gild- 
ed, or gill, foilban, Sax.] To overlay with thingold. 
Spenser. To cover with any yellow matter. Shak. 
To adorn with lustre. Pope. To brighten ; to illu- 
minate. South. To recommend by adventitious 
ornaments. Sliakspeare. 

GILD*. See Guild. 

GILDER, gil'-dur. n. s. One who lays gold on the 
surface of any other body. Bacon. A coin, from 
one shilling and sixpence to two shillings. Shak. 

GI'LDING, gSl'-dlng. n. s. Gold laid on any surface 
by way of ornament. Bacon. 

GILL,gll,or jil.382. n. s. [agulla, Span. ; gnla, Lat.] 
The apertures at each side of a fish's head. Milton. 
The flaps that Y ing below the beak of a fowl. Ba- 
con. The flesh under the chin. Bacon. [Gilla. 
barbarous Lat.] A measure of liquids containing 
the fourthpart of a pint; or, in some places, half a 
pint. Swift. A kind of measure among the tinners. 
Carew. [From Gillian.] The appellation of a 
woman in ludicrous language ; a wanton. Shak. 
A plant ; ground-ivy. Shenstone. Malt liquor med- 
icated with ground-ivy. A fissure in a hill. Sprat. 
A place hemmed in with two steep brows or banks, 
a rivulet running between them. Ray. A rivulet 
or brook. Grose. 

424 



GIN 










GIS 


— no, move 


ii6r, 


not ; 


-tube, tftb, bull ;— 6il ;- 


—pound ; — tJim, mis. 



#y- When gill means the aperture below the head of a 
fish, it 13 always pronounced with the g hard, as in 
guflt ; when it signifies a measure, a woman, a plant, 
or a liquor, it is always heard with the nrsoft.as if writ- 
ten jiu. — See Bowl. W. 

GFLLHOUSEJil'-hdtise. n.s. A house where gi 1 1 

is sold. Pop?. 
GILLIAN*, jll'-le-an. n. s. A wanton. Beaum. and Fl. 
GILLYFLOWER, jil'-le-fiSur. n. s. [corrupted from 
July /lower.] A flower of* which there are three 
sorts"; red and white, purple and while, scarlet and 
white. Mortimer. 
GILSE*. n. s. A young salmon. 
GILT, g?lt. 382. 7i. s. Golden show ; gold laid on the 

surface of any matter. Sha/cspeare. 
GILT. g?lt. 5G0. The participle of gild. 
GPLTHEAD, gllt'-hed. n. s. A sea fish. Hakewill. 

A bird. Hakewill. 
GILT-TAIL, gilt' -tile. n. s. A worm so called from 

its yellow tail. 
GUM" j?m. a. Neat : spruce ; well dressed. An old word. 
GFMBAL*. ) n Ar , 

GI'MBOL* \ e " EMEL an " Gimmal. 
GI'MCRACK, jim'-krak. n.s. [from gim and crack.] 

A slight or trivial mechanism. Beaumont and Fl. 
GI'MLET, glm'-let 382. n. s. A borer with a screw 

at its point. Moxon. 
GI'MMAL, gim'-mal. n.s. [corrupted from geome- 
try.] Some little quaint device or piece of machine- 
ry. Sliaksjieare. 
GI'MMAL Ring*. See Gemel. 
GPMMER, glm'-mur. n. s. Movement ; machinery. 

More. 
GIMP §*, gimp. a. [gwymp, Welsh.] Nice ; spruce ; 

trim. 
GIMP, gimp. 382. n.s. A kind of silk twist or lace. 

Parnell. 
GIN§, j?n. n. s. A trap; a snare. [From engine.] Sid- 
ney. Any thing moved with screws, as an engine 
of torture. [In mechanicks.] A machine for raising 
great weights. A pump worked by rotatory sails. 
VVoodioard. [Contracted from Geneva.] The 
spirit drawn by distillation from juniper berries. 
Pope. 
To GIN* jin. v. a. To catch in a trap. Beaum. and Fl. 
To GIN §*, gin. v.n. [£ynnam, Sax.] To begin. 

Widiffe. 
GIN*, gin. conj. [ftip, Sax.] If. Grose. 
GING*, ging. n.s. [for gang.] A company. B.Jons. 
GI'NGER}, jln'-jfir. n. s. [zinziber, Lat.] A root of 
the tuberous kind, of a hot, acrid, and pungent taste. 
Hill. 
GPNGERBREAD, jin'-jur-breU n. s. A kind of 
farinaceous sweetmeat made of dough, like that of 
bread or biscuit, sweetened with treacle, and fla- 
voured with ginger and some aromatick seeds. 
Shakspeare. 
GPNGERLY, jin'-jur-le. ad. Cautiously ; nicely. 

S&eltm. 
GPNGERNESSJln'-jur-nes. r«.s. Niceness ; tender- 
ness. Diet. 
GFNGIVALJm'-je-val. a. [gingiva, hat.] Belong- 
ing to the gums. Holder. 
To GI'NGLE§, jlng'-gl. 405. v.n. [klincken, Teut.l 
To utter a sharp, clattering noise. Beaum. and Fl. 
To make an affected sound in periods or cadence. 
Howell. 
To GI'NGLE, jing'-gl. v. a. To shake so that a sharp, 

shrill. clattering noise should be made.- Pope. 
GPNGLE, jlng'-gl. n.s. A shrill resounding noise. 

Howell. "Affectation in the sound of periods. 
GPNGLYMOII), glng'-gle-mdid. a. [yiyy^os and 
eiSof.] Resembling a ginglymus; approaching to a 



ginsrlymus. Holder 



'NGLYMUS, gmg'-gle-mfis. n. s. A mutual in- 
denting of two bones into each other's cavity, in 
the manner of a hinge; of which the elbow is an 
instance. Wiseman. 

GPNNET, jln'-n&i. n. s. A nag ; a mule ; a degen- 
erated breed. 

GFNSENG, jln'-s&ng.w.s. [Chinese.] A root brought 
lately into Europe, of an aromatick smell. Hill. 
54 



I To GIP, jlp. v. a. To take out the guts of herrings. 

I Bailey. 

GIPO'N*. See Juppon. 

iGPPSY$,j?p'-se. 438. n. s. [Corrupted from Egyp- 

I lion.] A vagabond who pretends to foretell futurity, 

commonly by palmistry or physiognomy. Milton. 

A reproachful name for a dark complexion. Shak. 

A name of slight reproach to a woman. Prior. 

GPPSY*, jlp'-se. a. Denoting the language spoken 

by the gipsies. Brand. Denoting any jargon or 

cant. Burke. 

GFPSY1SM* jip'-se-lzm. n. s. The stale of a gipsy. 

Overbunj. 
GrRAJSIDOLE*,tfri-im-Ab\e.n.s. [Fr.l A larjre 
indent 



kind of branched candlestick ; a chandelier. 
GPRASOLE, jir / -a-s61e. n. s. [girasok, Fr.] The 

herb turnsol. The opal stone. 
To GIRD §, gerd. 382, 560. v. a. pret. girded, or girt. 

[ftypban, Sax.] To bind round. 2 Mac.^ x. To 

Cut on so as to surround or bind. Swift. To fasten 
y binding. Millon. To invest. Shak. To dress; 
to habit ; to clothe. Ezek. xvi. To cover round as 
a garment. Milton.. To furnish ; to equip. Milton.. 
To enclose ; to encircle. Millon. To reproach ; 
to gibe. Shakspeare. 
95= We may observe that the <r, in this and similar words, 
has the same liquid sound as in those where it isfollow- 
1 ed by a and i long, and it may be accounted for in the 
same manner. 92, 160. The short c, which is the true 
sound of i in these words, it has been frequently ob- 
served, is not really the short sound of that letter, but 
of a slender, 66 ; and as r, followed by another conso- 
nant, has a tendency to lengthen the c as it. does the a, 
77, 81, we find the same effect produced — that of inter- 
posing the sound of c nearly as if written egg-yurd,&.c. 
See Guard. W. 

To GIRD, gerd. v. n. feyjib, Sax.] To break a 
scornful^ jest ; to gibe ; to sneer. Shakspeare. 

GIRD, geVd., n.s. A twitch ; a pang. Tillotson. 

GPRDER, geV-dSr. n.s. The largest piece of tim- 
ber in a floor.^ Harris. A satirist. Lilly. 

GrRDlNG*,geV-ding. n.s. A covering. Isaiah, iii. 

GPRDLE$, ger'-dl. 405. n.s. [Syjibel, Sax.] Any 
thing drawn round the waist, and tied or buckled. 
Levit. viii. Enclosure ; circumference. Shakspeare. 
The zodiack. Bacon. A round iron plate for bak- 
ing. Pegge. 
To GFRDLE, geV-dl. v.a. To gird ; lobind as with 
a girdle. Shakspeare. To enclose ; to shut in ; to 
environ. Shakspeare. 

GPRDLEBELT, geV-dl-belt. n.s. The belt that en- 
circles the waist. Dryden. 

GPRDLER, geV-dl-ur. n. s. A maker of girdles. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

GIRE, jire. n.s. [gyrus, Lat.] A circle described by 
any thing in motion. 

GIRL $, gerl. 382. n. s. [karlinna, lcelaudick.] A 
young woman, or female child. Shak. [Among 
sportsmen.] A roebuck of two years of age. Cliam. 

GFRLHOOD*, gerlMiud. n. s. The state of a girl. 
Miss Snmrd. 

GPRLISH, geil'-fsh. a. Suiting a girl ; youthful 
Carew. 

GFRLISHLY, ger'-lish-le. ad. In a girlish mannei 

To GIRN §, g£rn. v. n. [A corruption of grin.] 
So?dh. 

GIRN*. See To Girn. Davenant. 

GFRROCK, gfV-rok. n. s. A kind offish. Diet. 

GIRT, gert. 382. [See Gird.] The part. pass, of gird. 

To GIRT, geYt. v.a. [gyrta, Ice!.] To gird; to en- 
compass ; to encircle. Thomson. 

GIRT, geVt. n.s. A band by which the saddle or 
burthen is fixed upon the horse. Milton. A circu- 
lar bandage. Wiseman. The compass measured 
by the girdle, or enclosing bandage. Hammond. 

GIRTH, ghth. 382. n. s. A band by which the sad- 
dle is fixed upon the horse. B. Jonson. The com- 
pass measured by the girdle. Addison. 

To GIRTH, g&rth. v. a. To bind with a girth. 

To G1SE Ground, v. a. [gister, old Fr.] When the 
owner of it does not feed it with his own stock, but 
takes in other cattle to graze. Bailey. See To Agist. 

GPSLE, giz'-zl. Among the English Saxons, signi 
425 



GLA 



GLA 



[TJ= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, p?n ; 



lies a pledge : thus, Fredgisle is a pledge of peace; 
Gislebert an illustrious pledge. Gibson. 

G1TH, gfy/i. 7/. s. Guinea pepper. 

GI'TTERN $*. 7^. s. [properly cittern ; cithara, Lat.] 
A kind of harp; a guitar; a rebeck, according to 
our old dictionaries." Drayton. 

To GI'TTERN*. v. a. To play on the gitlern. Mil- 
ton.. 

To GIVE §, giv. 157,382. v. a. preter. gave; part. 
pass.giu«i. [51 pan, Sax.] To bestow; to confer 
without any price or reward. Temple. To trans- 
mit from himself to another by hand, speech, or 
writing ; to deliver. Gen. iii. To put into one's 
possession; to consign; to impart; to communi- 
cate. St. Matt. xxv. To pay as price or reward, 
or in exchange. Job, ii. To yield ; not to withhold. 
Bacon. To quit; to yield as due. Ecclus. To 
confer ; to impart. Gen. xvii. To expose ; to yield 
without retention. Dnjden. To grant; to allow. 
Rowe. To yield ; not to deny. Rowe. To afford ; 
to supply. Hooker. To empower ; to commission. 
Pope. To enable. Hooker. To pay. Shak. To 
utter ; to vent ; to pronounce. Shak. To exhibit ; 
to show. Hale. To exhibit as the product of a cal- 
culation. Arbuthnot. To ^do any act of which the 
consequence reaches others. Burnet. To exhibit ; 
to send forth as odours from any body. Bacon. To 
addict ; to apply. Sidney. To resign ; to yield up. 
Bacon. To conclude ; to suppose. Beaum. and Fl. 
— To giveaway. To alienate from one's self ; to 
make over to another. Sidney. To give back. To 
return; to restore. Atlerbury. To give forth. To 
publish; to tell. Hay war i. To give tfie hand. To 
yield pre-eminence, as being subordinate or inferi- 
our. Hooker. To give over. To leave ; to quit ; 
to cease. Hooker. To addict ; to attach to. Sid- 
ney. To conclude lost. Suckling. To abandon. 
Hooker. To give out. To proclaim ; to publish ; 
to utter. To show in false appearance. Shak. To 
give a person his own. To rebuke ; to chide. Dry- 
den- To give up. To resign ; to quit ; to yield. 
Sidney. To abandon. Stilling fleet To deliver. 
2 Sam. xxiv. To give way. 1 o yield ; not to re- ] 
sist ; to make room for. Carew. 

To GIVE, glv. v. n. To rush ; to fall on ; to give the 
assault : a phrase merely French. Dry den. To 
relent ; to grow moist ; to melt or soften ; to thaw. 
Bacon. To move : a French phrase. Daniel. — To 
give back. To retire. Shak. To give in. To go 
back ; to give way. Bp. Hall. To give in to : a 
French phrase. To adopt ; to embrace. Addison. 
To give of}'. To cease ; to forbear. Locke. To 
gice over. To cease; to act no more. Hooker. 
To give out. To publish ; to proclaim. Acts, viii. 



To cease ; to yield. Herbert. 
GI'VER, gV-fir. n. s. One t 
stower ; distributer ; grantor. MiTlon 



One that gives; donor; be- 



GIVES, jlvz. n. s. Fetters or shackles for the feet. 

See Gyve. 
GI'VING*, glv'-lng. n.s. The act of bestowing any 

thing. Pope. The act of alleging what is not real. 

Sfiakspeare. 
GFZZARD, giz'-z&rd. 88, 382. n. s. [gesier, Fr.] 

The strong muscular stomach of a fowl. More. Ap- 
prehension or conception of mind; as, He frets his 

gizzard, he harasses his imagination. Hudibms. 
To GLA'BREATE§*, glab'-re-ate. v. a. [glabra, 

Lat.] To make plain or smooth. Cockeram. Ob.T. 
GLA'BRITY, glab'-re-te. n.s. Smoothness; bald- 

ness. Diet. 
GLABROUS*, glab'-rus. a. Smooth, like baldness. 

Erelyn. 
GLACIAL, gkV-she-al. 113. a. Icy; made of ice; 

frozen. 
To GLACIATE, gla'-she-ate. v. n. [glades, Lat.] 

To turn into ice. 
GLACIA'TION, gla-she-a'-shun. n. s. The act of 

turning into ice ; ice formed. Brown. 
GLA'CIOUS, gla'-sh&s. a. Icy; resembling ice. 

Brown. 
GLACIS, gla'-sls, or gla-seze'. 112. n.s. [Fr.] [In 

fortification.] A sloping bank. Harris. 



^Cr Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, 
Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Barclay, and Bailey, place 
the accent on the first syllable of this word ; and only 
Mr. Nares and Intick on the second. Mr. Sheridan 
and Mr. Scott give the a the sound it ha3 m glass. 
The great majority of suffrages for the accent on the 
first syllable, which is the more agreeable to the analo- 
gy of our own language, are certainly sufficient to keep 
a plain Englishman in countenance for pronouncing the 
word in this manner ; but, as it is a French word, and a 
military term, a military man would blush not to pro- 
nounce it d la Frangoise ; and, notwithstanding the num- 
bers for the other manner, I cannot but think this the 
more fashionable. W. 

GLAD §, glad. a. [£laeb, Slab, Sax.] Cheerful ; gay 
in a state of hiiarity. 1 Kings, viii. Wearing a 

fay appearance ; fertile ; bright ; showy. Isaiah. 
leased; elevated with joy. Shak. Pleasing ; ex- 
hilarating. Chaucer. Expressing gladness. Pope. 
It is used in a familiar sense, approaching to lu- 
dicrousness. Locke. 

To GLAD, glad. v. a. To make glad; to cheer; to 
exhilarate. Chaucer. 

To GLAD*, glad. v.n. To be glad; to rejoice. Mas- 
singer. Ob. T. 

To GLADDEN, glad'-dn. 103. v. a. To cheer ; to 
delight; to make glad ; to exhilarate. Addison. 

GLA'DDER, glad'-dfir. n. s. One that makes glad ; 
one that exhilarates. Dry den. 

GLADE §, glade, n. s. [hlad, Icel.] A lawn or open- 
ing in a wood. Spenser. 

GLA'DEN, gla'-dn. )n.s. [gladius, Lat.] Sword 

GLA'DER, gla'-d&r. $ grass ; a general name of 
plants that rise with a broad blade like sedge. Ju 
uius. 

GLA'DFUL*, glad'-f&l. a. Full of joy and gladness. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

GLA'DFULNESS, glad'-f&l-nes. n.s. Joy; glad- 
ness. Spe?iser. Ob. J. 

GLA'DIATOR §, glad-de-a'-t&r. 534. n. s. [Lat.] A 
swordplayer; a prizefighter. Denham. 

GLA DIATORY*, glad'-e-a-tur-e. a. Belonging to 
prizefighters or swordplayers. Bp. Reijnolds. 

GLADIATORIAL*, glad-e-a-to'-re-al. a. Relating 
to prizefighters. Bp. Porteus. 

GLADIATURE*, glad'-e-a-tshure. n.s. Fencing > 
swordplav. Gay ton. 

GLA'DLY, glad'-le. ad. Joyfully; with gayety ; 
with merriment. Shakspeare. 

GLA'DNESS, glad'-nes. n.s. Cheerfulness; joy ; ex- 
ultation. Esther, viii. 

GLA'DSHIP* glad'-shlp. n. s. State of gladness. 
Gower. Ob. T. 

GLA'DSOME, glad'-sum. a. Pleased ; gay ; delight- 
ed. Spenser. Causing joy ; having an appearance 
of gavety. Chaucer. 

GLA'DSOMELY, glad'-sum-le. ad. With gayety 
and delight. Pleasant Pathicaye. 

GLATJSOMENESS, glad'-sum-nes. n. s. Gayety ; 
showiness; delight. 

GLAIR §, glare, n.s. [glarea, Lat.] The white of 
an egg. Chaucer. Any viscous, transparent matter, 
like the white of an egg. Fordyce. 

To GLAIR, glare, v. a. To smear with the white 
of an egg. 

GLAIVE*. See Glave. 

GLANCE §, glanse. 78, 79. n. s. [glantz, Germ.] A 
sudden shoot of light or splendour. Milton. A 
stroke or dart of the beam of sight. Bacon. A 
snatch of sight; a quick view. Watts. 

To GLANCE, glanse. v. n. To shoot a sudden ray 
of splendour. Spenser. To fly off in an oblique di- 
rection. Shak. To strike in an oblique direction. 
Pope. To view with a quick cast of the eye; to 
play the eye. Suckling. To censure by oblique 
hints. Slrnkspeare. 
To GLANCE, glanse. v. a. To move nimbly; to 
shoot obliquely. Shakspeare. 

GLA'NCING*, glan'-slng. n. s. Censure by oblique 
hints. Milton. , 

GLA'NCINGLY, glan'-sing-le. ad. In an oblique, 
broken manner ; transiently. Hakewill. 

GLAND §, gland, n. s. [glans, Lat.] An organ of 



GLA 



OLE 



— 116, move, 1161-, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pound ;— th'm, THis. 



die body, of which there are many, secretory or 
absorbent. Wiseman. 
GLA NDERED* glan'-durd. a. Having the distem- 

fier called the glanders, Bp. Berkeley. 
.ANDERS, glau'-ddrz. n. *. [from g&mtf^ i„ 
B horse, is the running- of corrupt matter from the 
nose. Farrier's Diet. 

GLAND1 FEROUS, glan-dlf-fe-r&s. a. [glansmd 
/cro. Lat.] Bearing mast 3 bearing- acorns, or fruit 
'like acorns. Mortimer. 

GLA NDULAR*, glan'-du-lar. a. Pertaining to the 
glands. 

GLANDULE $, glan'-dule. n. s. [gAwutoto, Lat.] 
A small gland. Jtaj/. 

GLANDULO / Srry,glan-di-l6s'-e-te. n.s. A col- 
lection of glands. Brown. 

GLANDLLOUS.glan'-du-lus. 294. a. Pertaining 
to the glands ; subsisting in the glands 5 having the 
nature of glands. Brown. 

To GLARES, glare, v. n. [glaren, Dutch.] To shine 
so as to dazzle the eyes. Bacon. To look with 
fierce, piercing eyes. ShaJc. To shine ostentatious- 
ly. Fetton. 

To GLA RE, glare, v. a. To shoot such splendour 
as the eye cannot bear. Milton. 

GLARE." glare, n.s. Overpowering lustre; splen- 
dour, such as dazzles the eye. Dryden. A fierce, 
piercing look. Milton. 

GLARE*, glare, n. s. Any viscous, transparent mat- 
ter. See CtLair. 

GLA'REOUS, gla'-re-us. a. [glareosus, Lat.] Con- 
sisting of viscous, transparent matter, like the white 
of an egg. 

GLA'RING, gla'-rfng. a. Applied to any thing noto- 
rious : as. a glaring crime. 

GLARINGLY*, gla'-rlng-le. ad. Evidently; noto- 
riously. The Student. 

GLASS §, glas. 79. n. s. [^laer 1 , £la]", Sax.] An ar- 
tificial substance made by fusing fixed salts and 
flint or sand together, with a vehement fire. Peach- 
am. A glass vessel of any kind. Shah. A look- 
ing glass ; a mirror. Isaiah, iii. — An hour glass. 
A glass used in measuring lime by the flux of sand. 
Shak. — The destined time of man's life. Cluxpman. 
A cup of glass used to drink in. Slutlc. The quan- 
tity of wine usually contained in a glass; a draught. 
Bp. Taylor. A perspective glass. Milton. A glass 
that shows the weight of the air. Toiler. 

GLASS, glas. a. Vitreous; made of glass. Shale. 

To GLASS, glas. v. a. To see as in a glass; to rep- 
resent as in a glass or mirror. Sidney. To case 
in glass. ShaJc. To cover with glass; to glaze. 
Boyle. 

GLA'SS BLOWER*, glas'-blo-ur. n. s. One whose 
business is to blow or fashion glass. 

GLA'SSFUL*, glassful, n. s. As much as is usual- 
ly taken at once in a glass. Sir T. Herbert. 

GLASSFiJRNACE, glas'-f&r-nls. n. s. A furnace 
in which glass is made by liquefaction. Locke. 

GLA'SSGAZING, glas'-ga-zmg. a. Finical ; often 
contemplating himself in a mirror. Shakspeare. 

GLA'SSGRINDER, glas'-grmd-fir. n.s. One whose 
trade is to polish and grind glass. Boyle. 

GLA'SSHOUSE, glas'-ho&se. n. s. A house where 
glass is manufactured. Addison. 

GLA'SSINESS*, glas'-se-nes. n. s. The making of 

flass. Cotgrave. Smoothness, like glass. Sir W. 
'etty. 
GLA'SSLIKE* glasMlke. a. Clear; resembling 

glass. Dryden. 
GLA'SSMAN, glas'-man. 88. n. s. One who sells 

glass. Swift. 
GLA'SSMETAL, glas'-mfit-tl. n. s. Glass in fusion. 

Bacon. 
GLA'SSWORK, glas'-wfirk. n.s. Manufactory of 

elass. Bacon. 
A'SSWORT, glas'-w&rt. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
CLA'SSY, glas'-se. a. Made of glass ; vitreous. Ba- 
con. Resembling glass, in smoothness, lustre, or 
britlleness. Sliakspeare. 
GLA'STONBURY Thorn, glas-sn-ber-e-tfidrn'. n. s. 
A species of medlar. Miller. 



GLAUCO'MA, giaw-k6'-ma. n. s. [yAavKo^a.] A 
fault in the eye, which changes the crystalline hu- 
mour into a grayish colour, without detriment of 
sight. Quincy. 

GLA'UCOUS*, glaw'-kus. a. [yXauKd*.] Gray, or 
blue. Pennant, 

GLAVE, glave. 71.5. [glaive, Fr.] A broad-sword ; a 
falchion. Spenser. 

To GLA'VER$, glav'-fir. v. n. [glafr, Welsh.] To 
flatter ; to wheedle. South. 

GLA'VERER*, glav'-fir-fir. n. s. A flatterer. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 

GLA'YMOltE*, gla/-m6re. n. s. [claidhamh, Gael, 
and more.] A large two-handed sword, formerly 
much used by the Highlanders of Scotland. John- 
son. 

To GLAZED, glazo. v. a. [To glass, only accident- 
ally varied.] To furnish with windows of glass. 
Bacon. To cover with glass, as potters do their 
earthen ware. To overlay with something shining 
and pellucid. Shakspeare. 

GLA'ZEN*, gla'-zn. a. [£la]-en, Sax.] Resembling 
glass. Wic/i/fe. 

GLA'ZIER, gla'-zhfir. 283, 450. n. s. One whose 
trade is to make glass windows. Moxon. 

GLEAD*. See Glede. 

GLEAMS, gleme. 227. n.s. felaem, ^leam, Sax.] 
Sudden shoot of light; lustre ; brightness. Spenser. 

To GLEAM, gleme. v. n. To shine with sudden co- 
ruscation. Milton. To shine. Thomson. 

GLE'AMING*, gle'-mmg. n. s. A sudden shoot of 
light. Thomson. 

GLE'AMY, gle'-me. a. Flashing; darting sudden 
coruscations of light. Pope. 

To GLEAN §, glene. 227. v. a. [glaner, Fr.] To gath- 
er what the gatherers of the harvest leave behind. 
Ruth, ii. 1*0 gather any thing thinly scattered. 
Shaksj>eare. 

GLEAN, glene. n. s. Collection made laboriously 
by slow degrees. Dryden. 

GLE'ANER, gle'-nur. n. s. One who gathers after 
the reapers. Thomson. One who gathers any 
thing slowly and laboriously. Locke. 

GLE'ANING, gkV-nmg, ?/. s. The act of gleaning, 
or thing gleaned. Bible. 

GLEBE S 7 glebe, n. s. [gleba, Lat.] Turf; soil ; ground. 
Drayton. The land possessed as part of the reve- 
nue of an ecclesiastical benefice. Spelman. 

GLE'BOUS. gle'-bus. a. Turfy. Diet. 

GLE BY. gle'-be. a. Turfy. Prior. 

GLEDE, glede. n.s. fcliba, Sax.] A kind of hawk. 
Deid. 

[S^oS^ Sax -] Joy ; merriment} 
A song, sung in parts ; a species 



[glvyeren, Teut.] To squint. 
[£leb, Sax.] A hot, glowing 

Gay; merry; cheerful. 



GLEE S, glee. n. s. 
gayely. Spenser. 
of catch. Mason. 

ToGLEE*.gle. > 

ToGLY* gll. \ Vl 

GLEED, glede. n.s. 
coal. Chaucer. 

GLE'EFUL, glee'-ful. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

GLEEKS, gleek. n. s. Musick. Shak. A scoff; a 
joke. Beaumont and Fletcher. A game at cards. 
[olic, old Fr.j B. Jonson. 

To GLEEK, gleek, v.n. [#155, Sax.] To sneer: 
to gibe ; to droll upon. Shak. To fool or spend 
time idly, with something of mimickry or drollery. 

GLE'EMAN* gle'-man. n. s. [^li^man, Sax.] A 
musician ; a minstrel. Fabyan, 

To GLEEN, gleen. p. n. To shine with heat or pol- 
ish, [glia, Ice!.] Prior. 

GLE'ESOME* gle'-sum. a. Full of merriment ; joy- 
ous. W, Browne. 

GLEETS, gleet, n.s. [glat, glaeta, Icel.] A sanious 
ooze ; a thin ichor running from a sore. Wiseman. 

To GLEET, gleet, v. n. To drip or ooze with a 
thin, sanious liquor. Wiseman. To run slowly, 
Cheyne. 

GLE'ETY, glee'-te, a. lchory ; thinly sanious. Wise- 
man. 

GLEN, glen. n. s. [gleann, Gael] A valley ; a dale; 
a depression between two hills. Spenser, 
427 



I 



GLO 



GLO 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin 



GLENE* glene. re. s. [yh'/vn-] [lu anatomy.] The 

cavity or socket of the eye ; any shallow cavity of 

bones. 
GLEW$, glu. re. s. [gluten, Lat.] A viscous cement, 

See Glue. 
To GLEW*, glu. v. a. To join ; to unite. Abp. 

Land. 
GLE'WER*, gliV-fir. re. s. One who glueth papers, 

parchments, or other thing-. Huloet. 
GLE'WINESS*, ghV-e-nes. re. s. Adhesh e quality ; 

viscousness. Sherwood. 
GLE'WISH*, gla'-ish. a. Partaking- of the nature of 

£lue. Huloet. 
E'WY*, ghV-e. a. Adhesive 5 viscous. Hakewill. 
GLIB§, glib. a. [Xft'o?.] Smooth ; slippery ; so formed 

as to be easily moved. Burnet. Smooth ; volub'e 

Slutkspeare. 
GLIB, glib, n. s. A thick curled bush of hair hanging 

down over the eyes. Spertser. 
To GLIB, glib. v. a. To castrate. Shak. To make 

smooth or glib. Bp. Hall. 
GLFBLY, gllb'-le. ad. Smoothly; volubly. Patrick. 
GLFBNESS, ghV-n&s. re. s. Smoothness 3 slipperi- 

ness. Chapman. 
To GLIDES, glide, v.n. [glidan, Sax.] To flow 

gently and silently. Fairfax. To pass on without 

change of step. Dnjden. ' To move swiftly and 

smoothly along. Sluikspeare. 
GLIDE, glide, re. s. Lapse ; act or manner of passing 

smoothly. Shakspeare. 
GLFDER, gll'-dur. n. s. That which glides. Spenser. 

In the north of England, a snare. 
GLIFF*, glif. re. s. [glia, lcel.] A transient view ; a 

flimpse. 
IKE, gllke. re. s. fells', Sax.] A sneer; a scoff 3 
a flout. 

To GLFMMER§, gllm'-mur. v.n. [glimmer, Dan.] 
To shine faintly. Shak. To be perceived imper- 
fectly ; to appear faintly. 

GLFMMER, guW-mur. n. s. Faint splendour 3 weak 
light. Shak. A kind of fossil. Woodward. 

GLFMMERING*, glW-m&r-ing. n. s. Faint or im- 
perfect view. Wotton. 

To GLIMPSE §*, gllmps. v. re. [from glimmer.] To 
appear by glimpses. Drayton. 

GLIMPSE, gllmps. n. s. A weak, faint light. Milton. 
A quick, flashing light. Milton. Transitory lustre. 
Cowley. Short, fleeting' enjoyment. Prior. A 
short, transitory view. Milton. The exhibition of a 
faint resemblance. Shalcspearc. 

To GLI'STEN, glls'-s'n. .472. «. n. [gleissen, Germ.] 
To shine 5 to sparkle with light. Hammond. 

To GLFSTER, ghV-tur. v.n. [glinsteren, Teut.] To 
shine ; to be bright. Spenser. 

GLFSTER*, glls'-tur. n.s. Lustre; glitter. Greene. 

GLPSTER. See Clyster. 

GLFSTERINGLY*, gtfs'-tar-lng-le. ad. Brightly 3 
splendidly. Sherwood. 

GLIT*. See Gleet. 

To GLITTER, ghV-tur. v.n. [glitta, lcel. 3 glitra, 
Swed.l To shine; to exhibit lustre 5 to gleam. Dry- 
den. To be specious ; to be striking. Young. 

GLITTER, glff-tur. re, s. Lustre; bright show-; 
splendour. Milton. 

GLITTERAND^hY-tfir-and. part. Shining; spark- 
ling. Clumcer. 

GLITTERING*, ghV-t&r-lng. n. s. Lustre; gleam. 
Bacon. 

GLITTERINGLY, ghV-tfir-lng-le. ad. Radiantly ; 
with shining lustre. Sherwood. 

To GLOAM*, glime. v. n. [ghim, Germ.] To be 
sullen ; to be melancholy. Gammer Garton's Needle. 

To GLOAR, glore. v. a. [gloeren, Dutch.] To squint ; 
to look askew. Skinner. To stare. 

To GLOAT, glote. y. n. [glutta, Swed.] To cast 
aside glances as a timorous lover; to stare with ad- 
miration, eagerness, or desire. Rome. 

GLO BARD, gW-bard. n. s. [from glow.'] A glow- 
worm. 

GLO'BATED, glo'-ba-ted. a. [from globe.] Formed 
in shape of a globe ; spherical ; spheroidical. 

GLOBE $, glibe. n. s. [globus, Lat.] A sphere ; a 



ball ; a round body ; a body of which every part of 
the surface is at the same distance from the centre. 
The terraqueous ball. Stepneij. A sphere in which 
the various regions of the earth are geographically 
depicted, or in which the constellations are laid 
down according to their places in the sky. Cleave- 
land. A body or soldiers drawn into a circle. Milton. 
GLOBE Amaranth, or Everlasting Flower, n. s. A 

flower. Miller. 
GLOBE Daisy, n. s. A kind of flower. 
GLOBE Fish. n.s. A kind of orbicular fish. 
GLOBE Ranunculus, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
GLOBE Thistle, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
To GLOBE* gl6be. v. a. To gather round together. 

Milton. 
GLOBOSE $, glo-bose'. a. [globosus, Lat.] Spher- 
ical; round. Milton. 
GLOBOSITY, gl6-b&s'-e-te. n. s. Sphericity; spher- 

icalness. Ray. 
GLO'BOUS, gl<y-bfis. 314. a. Spherical 3 round. 

Gregonj. 
GLOBULAR, gtfb'-u-lar. 535. a. In form of a small 

sphere ; round; spherical. Grew. 
GLOBULA'RIA, glob-u-la'-re-a. re. s. [Lat.] A 

flosculous flower. Miller. 
GLO'BULE $, gl6b'-ule. re. s. [globulus, Lat.] Such 

a small particle of matter as is of a globular or 

spherical figure ; as the red particles of the blood. 

Arbuthnot. 
GLO'BULOUS, gl&b'-ft-Ifis. a. In form of a small 

sphere ; round. Boyle. 
GLO'BY*, gkV-be. a. Orbicular ; round. Sherwood. 
GLODE*. The old preterit of To glide. Chaucer. 
To GLOMERATE $, glom'-er-ate. v. a. [glomero, 

Lat.] To gather into a ball or sphere. Sir T. Her- 
bert. 
GLOMERATION, glom-er-a'-shun. re. s. The act 

of forming into a ball or sphere. A body formed 

into a bail. Bacon. 
GLO'MEROUS, gldm'-er-fis. 314. a. Gathered into 

a ball or sphere. 
GLOOMS, gl66m. n.s. [glum, , Germ.] Imperfect 

darkness; dismalness 3 obscurity; defect of light. 

Milton. Cloudiness of aspect ; heaviness of mind 3 

sullenness. 
To GLOOM, gl6dm. v. re. To shine obscurely, as 

the twilight. Spenser. To be cloudy ; to be dark. 

Span. Tragedy. To be melancholy 3 to be sullen. 

To look darkly or dismally. Goldsmith. 
To GLOOM*, gl66m. v. a. To fill with gloom, with 

darkness, or dismalness. Young. 
GLO'OMILY, gloom'-e-le. ad. Obscurely ; dimly j 

without perfect light; dismally. Sullenly; with 

cloudy aspect; with dark intentions; not cheer- 
fully. Dryden. 
GLOOMINESS, gldom'-e-nSs. re. s. Want of light; 

obscurity; imperfect light; dismalness. Zeph.'i. 

Want of cheerfulness; cloudiness of look; heavi- 
ness of mind 3 melancholy. Collier. 
GLO'OMY, gioom'-e. a. Obscure ; imperfectly il- 
~ luminated; almost dark ; dismal for want of light. 

Milton. Dark of complexion. Milton. Sullen ; 

melancholy ; cloudy of look ; heavy of heart. 

Thomson. 
GLORE*, glore. a. [hlyre, lcel.] Fat. 
GLORIATION*, glo-re-a'-shun. re. s. [gloriatio, 

Lat.l Boast; triumph. Bp. RicJutrdson. 
GLORIED, glo'-r'id. 282. a. Illustrious; honourable 

Milton. Ob. J. 
GLORIFICATION, glo'-re-fe-ka'-shfin. re. s. The 

act of giving glory. Bp. Taylor. 
ToGLOTtIFY§, glo'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [glorifico, 

Lat.] To procure honour or praise to one. Dan 

id. To pay honour or praise in worship. Hooker. 

To praise ; to honour ; to extol. Spenser. To exalt 

to glory in heaven. St. John. 
GLO'RIOUS $, glo'-re-fis. 314. a. [gloriosus, Lat. J 

INoble; illustrious; excellent. Dan. iii. Boastful; 

proud ; haughty ; ostentatious. Bacon. 
GLORIOUSLY, gl6'-re-fts-le. ad. Nobly; splen- 
didly ; illustriously. Exod. xv. Ostentatiously ; 

boastingly. B. Jonson. 



GLO 



GLY 



— no, move, nor. not;— lube, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ;— pound ;—th\i\, mis. 



GLOWOUSNESS*, gW-re-fis-nfe. n.«. The stale 

or quality of being' glorious. 
GLORY."gl6'-re. n. s. [jgVoria. Lat.J Praise paid 
in adoration. St. Luke. The felicity of heaven 
prepared for those that please God. Psalm Ixxiii. 
Honour ; praise ; fame ; renown ; celebrilv. Sid- 
ma. Splendour; magnificence. St. Mali. Lustre; 
brightness. Pope. A circle of rays which surrounds 
the heads of saints in picture. South. Pride ; 
boastfulness; arrogance. Wisdom, xiv. Generous 
pride. Sidney. 
To GLO RY, glo'-re. r. n. To boast in; to be proud 

of. Sid net/. 
To GLOSE $, glize. 437. See To Gloze. 
GLO SER*. gT6s'-sur. n. s. A commentator. Bp. of 

Chichester. 
GLOSS §. glos. 437. n.s. A scholium; a comment. 
[yXiiffo-a.] Hooker. Superficial lustre. Spenser. An 
interpretation artfully specious ; a specious repre- 
sentation. Sidney. 
To GLOSS, glos." i\ v. To comment. Patrick. To 

make sly remarks. Prior. 
To GLOSS, glos. v.a. To explain by comment 
Donne. To palliate by specious exposition or rep- 
resentation. Hooker. To embellish with superfi- 
cial lustre. Dryden. 
GLOSSARIAL*, glos-sa'-re-al. a. Relating to a 

glossary. 
GLCSSARIST* glos'-sa-rfst. n. s. One who 
writes a gloss or commentary. Warton. One who 
writes a dictionary of obscure or antiquated words. 
Tvrwhitt. 
GLOSSARY, glds'-sa-re. n.s. [glossarium, Lat.] 
A dictionary of obscure or antiquated words. Slil- 
lingjket. 
GLOSSA'TOR, glos-sa'-tfir. n.s. A writer of gloss- 
es ; a commentator. Bp. Barlow. 
GLO SSER. gttW-sfir. n. s. A scholiast ; a com- 
mentator. L. Addison. A polisher. 
GLO'SSINESS, glos'-se-nes. n.s. Smooth polish; 

superficial lustre. Bovle. 
GLO SSIST*, glos'-sist. n.s. A writer of glosses. 

Milton. 
GLOSSO'GRAPHER, glos-s6g'-gra-fur. ri. s. A 

scholiast; a commentator, Han ward. 
GLOSSOGRAPHY, gl6s-sog ; -gra-fe. 518. n. s. 
[yAwc-ca and yputyw.] The writing of commenta- 
ries. 
GLOSSY, glos'-se. a. Shining ; smoothly polished. 

Bacon. Specious. Boswell. 
GLOTTIS*, glot'-tls. n. s. [yAwrrfc.] [In anatomy.] 
A cleft or chink in the larynx, serving for the for- ! 
mation of the voice; it is in the form of a little 
tongue. Smitli. 
To GLOUR*. See To Gloar. 
To GLOUT §f, glout. 313. v. n. [gloa, Goth.] To 

pout; to look sullen. Chapman. 
To GLOUT*, glout. v. a. To gaze ; to view atten- i 

tivelv. Transl. ofilie Bible. 
GLOVE $,gl&v. 165. n.s. felope, Sax.] Cover of 

the hands. Drayton. 
To GLOVE, gluv. v. a. To cover as with a glove. ■ 

Sha ksp eare. 
GLO'VER, gflfiv'-ur. n. s. One whose trade is to | 

make or sell gloves. Shakspeare. 
To GLOW§, gl6. 324. n. s. felopan, Sax.] To be j 
heated so as to shine without flame. Spenser. To! 
burn with vehement heat. Addison. To feel heat [ 
of bod\ - . Addison. To exhibit a strong bright 
colour. Milton. To feel passion of mind, or activity 
of fancy. Addison. To rage or burn as a passion. 
Dryden. 
To GLOW, glo. v. a. To make hot so as to shine. 

Shalcspeare. Ob. J. 
GLOW, ?I6. 7i. s. Shining heat. Vehemence of pas- 
sion. Brightness or vividness of colour. Shak. 
To GLO' WER*. See To Glodr. 
GLOWINGLY*, glo'-fng-le. ad. In a shining man- 
ner ; brightly. Beaumont and Fletcher. With pas- 
sion ; with admiration, love, or desire. 
GLO WWORM, glo'-wurm. n. s. A small creeping 
grub with a luminous tail. Shakspeare. 



To GLOZE $, gl6ze. v.n. [£leran, Sax.] To flat- 
ter; to wheedle. Spenser. To comment. This 
should be gloss. Shakspeare. 

To GLOZE over*, v. a. To palliate by specious ex- 
position. 

GLOZE, glizc. n.s. Flattery; insinnation. Shak, 
Specious show ; gloss : not used. Sidney. 

GLO'ZER, glA'-zfir. n.s. A flatterer; a liar, Gif- 
ford. 

GLO'ZING*, glo'-zing. n. s. Specious representa- 
tion. Mountagu. 

GLUE$, gh'i- n.s. [glu, Fr.] A viscous body com- 
monly made by boiling the skins of animals to a 
jelly; any viscous or tenacious matter by which 
bodies are held one to another ; a cement. Bacon. 

To GLUE, glu. v. a. To join with a viscous cement. 
Shak. To hold together. Newton. To join ; to 
unite ; to inviscate. Ti/lotson. 

GLU EBOILER, glu'-bdil-ur. n. s. One whose trade 
is to make glue. 

GLU'ER, ghV-ur.??.s. 98. One who cements with glue. 

GLU'EY*. See Glewy. 

GLU'EYNESS* See Glewiness. 

GLU'ISH*, ghV-ish. a. Partaking of the nature of 
glue. Shericood. 

To GLU3I§*, glum. v.n. [from gloom.] To look 
sourly; to be sour of countenance. Chaucer. 

GLUM*, glum. 7i. s. Sullenness of aspect; a frown. 
Skellon. 

GLUM, glum. a. Sullen ; stubbornly grave ; melan- 
choly ; dull. Guardian. 

GLU'MMY*, glunr'-me. a. Dark; dismal for wanJ 
of light. Knight. 

To GLUT §, glut. v. a. [englouiir, Fr J To swallow ; 
to devour. Milton. To cloy ; to nil beyond suf- 
ficiency. Bacon. To feast or delight even to sa- 
tiety. 'Milton. To overfill ; to load. Arbutlmot. 
To saturate. Boyle. 

GLUT, glut. n. s. That which is gorged or swal- 
lowed. Milton. Plenty even to loathing and satiety 
Milton. More than enough ; overmuch. B. Jonson. 
Any thing that fills up a passage. Woodward. 

To GLUTINATE§*, ghV-te-nate. v.a. [glutino ; 
Lat.] To join with glue; to cement. Bailey. 

GLUTJNATION*, glu-te-na'-shun. n.s. The act 
of joining with glue. Bailey. 
LU'TINATIVE*. ghV-te-iia-tiv. a. Tenacious. 

r TTTIVD/CTTVi:' ™1A tk „&r./ k ik „ 



lu-te-n&s'-e-te. n. s. Glutinous- 



a. Gluy ; viscons ; 



GLU' 
GLUTLNO'SITY 

ness. Cotgrave. 

GLU'TIXOUS §, glu'-te-nus. 
tenacious. Bacon. 

GLU'TINOUSNESS, gluMe-nfis-nes. n.s. Viscosi- 
ty ; tenacity. Cheyne. 

GLU'TTON §, glut'-t'n. 170. n. s. [gluto, Lat.] One 
who indulges himself too much in eating. Bacon, 
One eager of any thing to excess. Coirtey. A spe- 
cies of bear. Pennant. 

{£/= Though the second syllable of this word suppresses 
the o, the compounds seem to preserve it. This, how- 
ever, is far from being regular; for, if we were to form 
compounds of cotton, button, or mutton, as cottony, but- 
tony, muttony, &c, we should as certainly suppress the 
last o m the compounds as in the simples.— iSee Pret- 
tifies, No. 103. W. 

To GLUTTON*, glu^-t'n. v.a. To load; to glut, 

to overfill. Lovelace. 
To GLU'TTON'ISE, ghV-tun-lze. v. n. To play 

the glutton ; to be luxurious. Hallywell. 
GLU'TTONOUS, glut'-tfin-us. a. Given to exces- 
sive feeding. Raleisrh. 
GLU'TTONOUSLY, glfitMun-us-le. ad. With tie 

voracity of a glutton. 
GLU'TTONY, glfit'-tun-e. [See Glutton.] n. s. 

[gloutonnie, Fr.] Excess of eating; luxury of thfl 

table. Holy day. 
GLU'Y, glu'-e. a. Viscous ; tenacious ; glutinous. 

Harvey. 
GLYCCf'NIAN*, gll-kcV-ne-an. ; a. [glvconium, 
GLYCO'NICK*, gll-kdn'-fk. , Lat.] Denoting 

a kind of verse in Greek and Latin poetry. Johnson. 
GLYN, glim 77. s. [Irish.] A hollow between two 

mountains. Spenser. See Glen. 



GO 



GOA 



IC? 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, pk ;— 



GLYPHS, gut n. s. [y\vff,.] [In sculpture or 

architecture.] Any kind of ornamental cavity. 

Chambers. 

GLYTHICK*, glif-ik. n. s. A picture or figure, by 

which a word was implied ; usually hieroglyphic/!:. 

GLY'PTICK*, gHp'-tlk. jus. Thoaart of engraving 

figures on precious stones. 
GLYPTOGRA'PHICK* gl?p-t6-graf-ik. a. [ y W- 
rbs and yp.d<pu>.'] Describing the methods of en- 
graving figures on precious stones. Brit. Crit. 
GLYPTOGRAPHY*, gllp-t&^-ra-fe. n. s. A de- 
scription of the art of engraving upon gems. Brit. 
Crit. 
To GNAR, nar. > v. n. [gnyppan, Sax.] To 

To GNARL, nark 384, \ growl; to murmur; to 

snarl. Spenser. 
GNA'RLED, narMed. a. Knotty. Shakspeare. 
To GNASH §, nash. 384. v. a. '[knaschen, Dutch.] 

To strike together ; to clash. Ecclus. 
To GNASH, nash. v. n. To grind or collide the 
teeth. Psalm. To rage even to collision of the 
teeth ; to fume ; to growl. Spenser. 
GNA'SHING*, iiash'-lnff. n.s. Collision of the teeth 

in rage or pain. St. Matthew. 
GNAT§, nat. 384. n.s. [£nsefc, Sax.] A small 
winged stinging insect. Shakspeare. Any thing 
proverbially small. St. Matthew. 
GNA'TFLOWER, nat'-flou-ur. n. s. The beeflower. 
GNATHO'NICAL §*, na-tf^n'-e-kal. a. [gnctlwni- 
cus, Lat.] Deceitful in words ; flattering ; like a 
smellfeast or parasite. Bullokar. 
GNATHO'NICALLY* na-^n'-e-kal-le. ad. Flat- 
teringly; deceitfully. Cockeram. 
GNA'TSNAPPER, nat'-snap-pur. n. s. A bird that 

lives by catching gnats. Hakewill. 
GNxVTWORM*, nat'-wurm. n.s. A small water 

insect produced of a gnat. 
To GNAW §, naw.384. v. a. [^nagan, Sax.] To eat 
by degrees; to devour by slow corrosion. Chap- 
man. To bite by agony or rage. Shak. To wear 
away by biting. Sliak. To fret; to waste; to cor- 
rode. To pick with the teeth. Dryden. 
To GNAW, naw. v. n. To exercise the teeth. Sidney. 
GNA'WER, naw'-ur. 98. n. s. One that gnaws. Bp. 

Andreics. 
To GNFB3LE*, mV-bh See To Nibble. 
GNOFF*, nof. n. s. A miser. Comment, upon Chau- 
cer's Mill Tale. 
GNOME §*, n6me. n. s. [yvw/ir].] A brief reflection, 
worthy to be remembered. Peacham. One of those 
invisible people, who are fabled to inhabit the in- 
eer parts of the earth, and to fill it to the centre. 
Pope. 
GNO'MICAL*, ncW-e-kal. a. Sententious; con- 
taining maxims or reflections. Conference at Hamp- 
ton Court. 
GNOMOLO'GICAL*, n&m-6-l6dje'-e-kal. ) a. Per- 
GNOMOLO'GICK*, n&m-6-l6dje'-fk. $ taining 

to gnomology. Ash. 
GNOMOLOGY*, n6-m&l'-6-je. n. s. [yv^t, and 
Xoyoj.] A collection of maxims and reflections. 
Miltoh. 
GNO'MON^, n6'-m6n. 384. n. s. [yvefywv.] The 

hand or pin of a dial. Harris. 
GNOMO'NICK*, no-m&n'-fk. ) a. Pertaining to 
GNOMO'NICAL*, no-mdn'-e-kal. \ the art of dial- 
ling. Clietmbers. 
GNOMO'NICKS, n6-m6nMks. 509. n. s. [yvwuov- 
iirfi.] A science which teaches to find the just pro- 
portion of shadows for the construction of all kinds 
of sun and moon dials. Trevoux. 
GNO'STICISM* n&s'-te-slzra. n.s. The heresy of 

the Gnosticks. More. 
GNOSTICK*, nos'-tlk. n.s. [yvwcTiKh.] One of the 

earliest hereticks. Tillotson. 
GNO STICK*, nos'-tlk. a. Relating to the heresy 

of the Gnosticks. Percy. 
To GO 6, go. v. n. pret. J. went; I have gone, [£an, 
Sax.] To walk ; to move step by step. Shak. To 
move, not stand still. St. malt. xxvi. To walk 
solemnly. Hooker. To walk leisurely, not run. 
Shak. To march or walk a-fbot. Numb. xx. To 



travel; to journey. Milton. To proceed; to make 
a progress. Drydm. To remove fiom place to 
place. Shak. To depart from a place ; to remove 
from a place. Shak. To move or pass in any man- 
ner, or to any end. Tusser. To pass in company 
with others. Jer. xxxi. To proceed in any course 
of life, good or bad. EzeJc. xliv. To proceed in 
mental operations. Digby. To take any road. 
Deut. ii. To march in a hostile or warlike man- 
ner. Shak. To change state or opinion for better 
or worse. Bacon. To apply one's self. Sidneu 
To have recourse to. 1 Cor. To De about to do. 
Locke. To shift ; to pass life not quite well. Locke. 
To decline ; to tend towards death or ruin. Shak. 
To be in party or design. Dryden. To escape. 
2 Mace. xii. To tend to any act. Shak. To be 
uttered. Addison. To be talked of; to be known. 
Addison. To pass ; to be received. Sidney. To 
move by mechanism. Bacon. To be in motion 
from whatever cause. Shak. To move in any di- 
rection. 2 Kings, xx. To flow ; to pass ; to have 
a course. Dryden. To have any tendency. Dry- 
den. To be in a state of compact or partnership. 
L' 'Estrange. To be regulated by any method ; to 
proceed upon principles. Hooker. To be preg- 
nant. Shak. To pass; not to remain. Judges, xvi. 
To pass; not to be retained. Sluik. To be ex- 
pended. Felton. To be in order of time or place. 
Watts. To reach or be extended to any degree. 
Locke. To extend to consequences. L'Estrange. 
To reach by effects. Wilkins. To extend in mean- 
ing. Dryden. To spread ; to be dispersed ; to 
reach. Tate. To have influence; to be of weight ; 
to be of value. Temple. To be rated one with 
another ; to be considered with regard to greater 
or less worth. Arbuthnot. To contribute ; to con- 
duce ; to concur; to be an ingredient. Bacon. To 
fall out, or terminate ; to succeed. Shak. To be 
in any state. Job, xx. To proceed in train or con- 
sequence. Sluik. — To go about. To attempt; to 
endeavour ; to set one's self to any business. South. 
To go aside. To err ; to deviate from the right. 
Numb. v. To go between. To interpose ; to mod- 
erate between two. Shak. To go by. To pass 
away unnoticed. Shak. To find or get in the con- 
clusion. Milton. To observe as a rule. Sharp. 
To go down. To be swallowed ; to be received, 
not rejected. Dryden. To go in and out. To do 
the business of life. Psalm. To beat liberty. St. 
John, x. To go off. To die ; to go out of life ; to 
decease. Siuxk. To depart from a post. Shak. 
To fire. Hudibras. To go on. To make attack. 
B. Jonson. To proceed. Sidney. To go over. 
To revolt ; to betake himself to another party. Ad- 
dison. To go out. To go upon any expedition. 
Sluik. To be extinguished. Bacon. To proceed 
formally : still an academical phrase ; as, to go 
out grand compounder. Fanshaioe. To go through. 
To perform thoroughly ; to execute. Sidney. To 
suffer ; to undergo. Arhtithnot. To go upon. To 
take as a principle. Addison. 

GO TO, gi-t&o'. interj. Come, come, take the right 
course. A scornful' exhortation. Also a phrase 
of exhortation or encouragement. Genesis, xi. 

GO-BY, g6 / -bl / . n. s. Delusion ; artifice ; circumven 
tion; over-reach. 

GO-CART, go'-kart. n. s. A machine in which chil- 
dren are enclosed to teach them to walk. Prior. 

GOAD$,g6de. 295. n.s. [^obe,Sax.] A pointed in- 
strument with which oxen are driven forward. Ec- 
cl'iis. xxxvin. 

To GOAD, g6de. v. a. To prick or drive with the 

goad. To incite; to stimulate ; to instigate. Shak 
AL, g6le. 295. n. s. [gaule, Fr.] The landmark 
set up to bound a race ; the point marked out to 
which racers run. Milion. The starting post. 
Dryden. The final purpose ; the end to which a 
design tends. Dryden. Sometimes improperly for 
gaol or jail. 
To GOAM*. See To Gaum. 
GOAR§, gore. 295. n. s. [goror, Welsh.] Any edg- 
ing sewed upon cloth to strengthen it ; a slip of 
430 



GOD 



GOL 



—116, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bfill ,— oil ;— p6und ;— thin, THis. 



clolli or linen, inserted in order to widen a gar- 
ment in anv particular place. Chaucer. 

GOAR1SH*, goreMsh. a. Patched ; mean; dog- 
gerel. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

GOAT§, g6te. 295. n.s. [Xafc, Sax.] A ruminant 
animal, that seems a middle species between deer 
and sheep. Sliakspeare. 

GOATBEARD, gote'-beerd. n. 5. A plant. 

GOA TCHAFER, gote'-tsha-fur. n. s. A kind of 
beetle. Bailey. 

GOATFISH*, g6te / -fish. ?*. s. A fish, caught in the 
Mediterranean. 

GOATHERD, g6te'-herd. n.s. [£afcand hyjib, 
Sax.] One whose employment is to tend goats, j 
Spenser. 

GOA'TISH, gote'-lsh. a. Resembling a goat in any | 
quality, as, rankness; lust. ShaJcspeare. 

GOA'TMARJORAMjgite-mar'-jur-um. n.s. Goat-' 
beard. 

GOATMILKER, gote'-milk-ur. n. s. A kind of owl, 
so called from sucking goals. Bailey. 

GOAT'S Rue, eotes'-rSo. n. 5. A plant. Hill 

GOATSUCKER*, gote'-suk-dr. n. s. The bird 
caprimulgus. 

GOATS-THORN, g6tes'-i/i6rn. n. s. An herb. 

GOB, g6b. n. s. [gob, old Fr.] A small quantity. 
L' Estrange. A mouthful. 

GOBBET"?, g6b'-blt. n. s. A mouthful ; as much as 
can be swallowed at once. Wicliffe. 

To GO'BBET,g6b'-bh. v. a. To svvallow at a mouth- 
ful. L'Estrange. 

GOBBETLY*, gob'-bit-le. ad. In pieces. Huloet. 
Oh. T. 

To GOBBLES, g&b'-bl. 405. v. a. [from gob.] To 
swallow hastily with tumult and noise. L'Es- 
trange. 

To GOBBLE*, gob'-bl. v.n. To make a noise in the 
throat, as the turkey does. Prior. 

GO'BBLEGUT*,gob'-bl-gut. n. s. A greedy feeder. 
Sherwood. 

GO'BBLER, gOb'-bl-Qr. n. s. One that devours in 
haste. 

GOBETWEEN,g<y-be-tween. ?i.s. One that trans- 
acts business by running between two parties. 
Milton. 

GO'BLET, gob'-let. n. s. [gobelet, Fr.] A bowl or 
cup, that holds a large draught. Dermam. 

GOBLIN, gob'-lin. n.s. [gobelin, Fr.] An evil spirit; 
a walking spirit; a frightful phantom. Locke. A 
fairy; an elf. Spenser. 

GOD $, god. n. s. [ftob, Sax. which likewise signi- 
fies good.] The Supreme Being. St. John. A false 
god"; an idol. Exod. xxii. Any person or thing dei- 
fied, or too much honoured. Phil. iii. 

To GOD, god. v. a. To deify ; to exalt to divine 
honours. Shakspeare. 

GOD'S Penny*, n. s. An earnest penny. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

GO'DCHILD, god'-tshlld. n. s. A term of spiritual 
relation ; one for whom one became sponsor at bap- 
tism, and promised to see educated as a Christian. 

GO'DDAUGHTER, god'-daw-tur. n. s. A girl for 
whom one became sponsc" in baptism. Sliakspeare. 

GO'DDESS, god'-des. n.s. A female divinity. Sluik. 

GODDESS-LIKE, g&d'-des-like. a. Resembling a 
goddess. Shakspeare. 

GODFATHER, god'-fa-THOr. n. s. [$uOpaeberi, 
Sax.] The sponsor at the font. Bacon. 

GODHEAD, god'-hed. n.s. Godship ; deity ; di- 
vinity ; divine nature. Athanas. Creed. A deity in 
person ; a god or goddess Acts, xvii. 

GODLESS, g&d'-fes. a. [Xoblear, Sax.] Without 
sense of duty to God ; atheistical ; wicked ; irre- 
ligious; impious. Hooker. 
G0 7 DLESSNESS*, g&d'-les-nes. n. s. The state of 

being wicked. Bp. Hall. 
GODLIKE, g&d'-llke. a. Divine ; resembling a di- 
vinity ; supremely excellent. Milton. 
GO'DLILY*, g&d'-le-le. ad. Righteously; piously. 

Henry Wliarton. 
GO' D LING, g&d'-ling. n. s. A little divinity ; a di- 
minutive god. Dryaen. 



GODLINESS, gfid'-le-nes. n. 5. Piety to God. 2 
Pet. i. General observation of all the duties pre- 
scribed by religion. Hooker. 

GO'DLY, g&d'-le. a. Pious towards God. Common 
Prayer. Good; righteous; religious. Ps. xii. 

GO'DLY,g6d'-le. ad. Piously ; righteously. Hooker. 

GODMOTHER, g6d'-muTH-&r. n. s. [jobmobep. 
Sax.] A woman who has undertaken sponsion in 
baptism. Rubrick. Common Prayer. 

GO'DSHIP, god'-shfp. n. s. The rank or character 
of a god; deity; divinity. Prior. 

GODSIB*. See Gossip. 

GODSMITH*, gdd'-smltfi. n. s. A maker of idols 
Dryden. 

GO'DSON, g&d'-s&n. n. s. [$obrunu, Sax.] One for 
whom one has been sponsor at the font. Shak. 

GOD WARD, g&d'-ward. ad. Toward God. 2 Cor. 

GO'DWIT, god' -wit. n. s. [god and veide, Icel.] A 
bird of particular delicacy. Cowley. 

GO'DYELD, Pgod'-yeld. )ad. [corrupted from 

GO'DYIELD, I g6d'-y£eld. 5 God shield or pro- 
tect.] A term of thanks. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

GOEL, gS6l. a. foeolepe, Sax.] Yellow. Tusser. 
An old word. 

GO'EN 1 *. part, preter. of go ; formerly so written. 

GO'ER, g6'-ur. n. s. One that goes ; a runner. Shak. 
A walker ; one that has agaitor maimer of walking, 
good or bad. Wotton. One that transacts business 
between two parties : in an ill sense. Sliak. A term 
often applied to a horse; as, He is a good goer, a 
safe goer. Beaumont and Fletcher. The foot. Cliap- 
man. 

GO'ETY*, go'-e-te. n. s. [yoriTtta.'] A kind of magick j 
an invocation of evil spirits. Hallywell. 

GOFF §*, gof. n. s. [gojf'e, old Fr.] A foolish clown. 
A game. See Golf. 

GO'FFISH*, g6f'-flsh. a. Foolish ; indiscreet. Cliau- 
cer. 

GOG*, g6g. n. s. [See Agog.] Haste > desire to go. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To GO'GGLE $, gog'-gl. 405. v. n. [gagr, Icel.] To 
strain the eyes ; to roll the eyes. Sidney. 

GO'GGLE*, gog'-gl. n. s. A stare ; a bold or strained 
look. Beaumord and Fletcher. In the plural : blinds 
for horses that are apt to take fright ; glasses worn 
by persons to defend the eye from dust. 

GO'GGLE*, gog'-gl. a. Staring ; having full eyes. 
B. Jonson. 

GOGGLE-EYED, g6g'-gl-ide. 283. a. Having eyes 
ready to start, as it were, out of the head. As- 
cliam. 

GO'GGLED*. gog^-gld. a. Prominent ; staring. Sir 
T. Herbert. ' 

GO'ING, g6 / -lng. n. s. The act of walking. Shak. 
Pregnancy. Grew. Departure. Milton. Pro- 
ceeding; series of conduct. Job, xxxiv. 

To GOKE*. See To Gowk. 

GOLA, go-la. n. s. The same with cymatium. 
Addison. 

GOLD _§, g6ld, or g56ld. 164. n. s. [£olb, Sax.] The 
heaviest, the most dense, the most simple, the most 
ductile, and most fixed, of all bodies ; not to be in- 
jured either by air or fire, and seeming incorrupti- 
ble. Hill. Money. Sliak. Any thing pleasing or 
valuable. Sluik. A flower. Chaucer. 

95= It is much to be regretted, that the second sound of 
this word is grown much more frequent than the first. 
It is not easy to guess at the cause of this unmeaning 
deviation from the general rule ; but the effect is, to im- 
poverish the sound of tbe language, and to add to its 
irregularities. It has not, however, like some other 
words, irrevocably lost its true pronunciation. Rhyme 
still claims its right to the long open 0, as in hold, cold, 
fold, &c. 

" Judges and senates have been bought for gold , 
" Esteem and love were never to be sold." 
" Now Europe's laurels on their brows behold, 
" But stained with blood, or ill exchanged for gold.'' 

Pope. 
And solemn speaking, particularly the language of 
Scripture, indispensably requires the same sound 
With these established authorities in its favour, it is a 
disgrace to the language to suffer indolence and vul- 
431 



GON 



GOO 



IT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin : 



garit.y to corrupt it into the second sound.— See Wind. 
But, since it is generally corrupted, we ought to keep 
this.^orruption from spreading, by confining it, as much 
as possible, to familiar objects and familiar occasions ; 
thus goldbeater, goldfinch, goldfinder, golding, and 
goldsmith, especially when a proper name, as, Dr. 
Goldsmith, may admit of the second sound of o, but not 
golden, as the golden age. W. 
GOLD of Pleasure, n. s. A plant. 
GO'LDBEATEN*, gild'-be-tn. a. Gilded ; covered 

with gold. Pierce Ploughman. 
GOLDBEATER, gold'-be-tur. n. s. One whose oc- 
cupation is to beat or foliate gold. Boijle. 
GOLDBEATER'S Skin, gold'-be-turz-skm'. n. s. 
The intestinum rectum of an ox, which goldbeaters 
lay between the leaves of their metal while they 
beat it, by which the membrane is reduced thin, 
and made fit to apply to cuts or small fresh wounds. 
Mortimer. 
GO'LDBOUND, g6ld'-b6&nd. a. Encompassed with 

goid. Slwkspeare. 
GOLDEN, g6l'-dn. 103. a. Made of gold ; consist- 
ing of gold. Dan. iii. Shining; bright; splen- 
did; resplendent. Shak. Yellow; of the colour 
of gold. Mortimer. Excellent; valuable. Shak. 
Happy; resembling the age of gold. Shakspeare. 
GOTiDEN Number*, n. s. The number which shows 

the year of the moon's cycle. Wheatly. 
GO'LDEN Rod*, n. s. A plant. 
GCKLDEN Rule*, n. s. [In arithmetick.] The Rule 

of Three, or Rule of Proportion. 
GO'LDEN Saxifrage, n. s. An herb. 
GO'LDENLY, g6K-dn-le. ad. Delightfully; splen- 
didly. Shakspeare. 
GOLDFINCH, gdld'-finsh. n. s. [golbrinc, Sax.] 
A singing bird, so named from his golden colour. 
Carew. 
GOLDFINDER, gold'-find-fir. n. s. One who finds 
gold. A term ludicrously applied to those that 
empty jakes. Swift. 
GO'LDHAMMER, gild'-ham-mur. n. s. A kind of 

bird. Diet. 
GO'LDING, g6ld'-mg. n. s. A sort of apple. Diet. 
GOLDHFLTED* g&d-hllt'-eU a. Having a golden 

hilt. 
GO'LDLEAF*, goldMeef. n. s. Beaten gold. 
GO'LDNEY, gold'-ne. n. s. A fish : the giltliead 

Diet. 
GO'LDPLEASURE, gild'-plgzh-ure. n. s. An herb 

Diet. 
GO'LDPROOF* gold'-proof. a. Able to resist the 

temptation of gold. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
GO'LDSIZE, gild'-slze. n. s. A glue of a golden 

colour ; glue used by gilders. Peacham. 
GOLDSMITH, gold'-smfc/i. n. s. [Solb r miS, Sax.] 
One who manufactures gold. Shak. A banker ; 
one who keeps money for others in his hands. Ld. 
Clarendon. i 

GO'LDYLOCKS, gold'-e-l&ks. n. s. A plant. B. 

Jonson. 
GOLF*, golf. n. s. [kolf Dutch and Sw.l A game 
played with a ball and a club or bat. It consists 
m driving the ball from one hole to another; and 
he who drives his ball into the hole with the fewest 
strokes, is the winner. Strutt. 
GOLL, gol. n. s. [yva\ov.] Hands ; paws ; claws. 

Sidney. 
GOLO'RE*. go-WW. n. s. \gleire, Irish.] Abun- 
dance. 
GOM §*, gom. n. s. [gunm, Goth.] A man. Pierce 

Ploughman's Vision. Ob. T. 
GO'MAN*, go'-man. n. s. A man. Winter. Ob. T. 
GOME, g6me. n. s. The black grease of a cart- 
wheel : probably a corruption oleoom. 
GOMPHO'SIS, g6m-f6'-sk n. s. [yo^cis.] A 
particular form of articulation. The connexion of 
a tooth to its socket. Wiseman. 
GO'NDOLA, gSn'-d6-la. n.s. {gondola, Ital.] A 
boat much used in Venice ; a small boat. Spenser. 
GONDOLFER, g&n-di-leer'. n. s. One that rows a 

gondola. Sfiakspeare. 
GONE, gon. part, preter. [from go.] Advanced; for- 
ward in progress. Mortimer. Ruined; undone. 



Slutk. Past. Shak. Lost; departed. Acts, xvi. 
Dead ; departed from life. Oldham. 
GO'NFALON $, g&V-fa-lun. ) 166. n. s. [gonfanon, 
GONFANON §, gdn'-f a-iifln. \ Fr. gonfatone, Ital.] 

An ensign ; a standard. Chaucer. Milton. 
GONFALONFER* gon-fal-6-neer'. n. s. A chief 

standard-bearer. Bp. Wren. 
GONG*, gong. n. s. A draught, or privy ; a jakes. 
[^anft, Sax.] Chaucer. An instrument of a circu- 
lar form, made of brass, which the Asialicks strike 
with a large wooden mallet. 
GONIO'METERf, g6-ne-&m'-c-tur. n. s. [ywvia 

and ixtTpov.~\ An instrument for measuring angles. 
GONIOMETRICAL*, go-ne-6-meV-re-kal. a. Go 
niometrical lines are used for measuring the quan- 
tity of angles. Chambers. 
GONORRHOEA, gon-or-re'-a. n. s. [ y 6vos and 
pew.] A morbid running of venereal hurts. Wood- 
ward. 
GOOD §, gud. 307. a. comp. better, superl. best. [£ob, 
Sax.] Having such physical qualities as are ex- 
pected or desired. Not bad; not ill. Gen. i. 
Proper; fit; convenient. Bacon. Conducive 1o 
happiness. Gen. ii. Lncorrupted; undamaged. 
Locke. Wholesome ; salubrious. Prior. Medici- 
nal ; salutary. Bacon. Pleasant to the taste. Prov~ 
erbs, xxiv. Complete ; full. Addison. Useful ; 
valuable. Collier. Sound ; not false ; not falla 
cious. Alterbury. Legal; valid; rightly claimed 
or held. Wolton. Confirmed ; attested ; valid. 
Smith. With as preceding : as good as, no better 
than. Heb. xi. With as preceding. No worse. 
Knolles. Well qualified; not deficient. Locke. 
Skilful; ready; dexterous. South. Happy; pros- 
perous. Spenser. Honourable. Milton. Cheerful; 
gay. Addison. Considerable ; not small, though 
not very great. Acts, xv. Elegant; decent; deli- 
cate ; with breeding. Addison. Real ; serious ; 
not feigned. Shak. Rich ; able to fulfil engage- 
ments. Shak. Virtuous ; pious ; religious. Rom. 
v. Kind; soft; benevolent. Sidney. Favourable; 
loving. Psalm lxxiii. Companionable ; sociable ; 
merry. Shale. It is sometimes used as an epithet 
of slight contempt, or in a ludicrous sense. Spenser. 
Hearty ; earnest ; not dubious. Sidney. — In good 
sooth. Really; seriously. Shak. In good time. 
Not too fast. Collier. Opportunely. Shale. A col- 
loquial expression for time enough : as, We are 
in good time for the occasion. Good [ To make.] 
To keep ; to maintain ; not to give up ; not to aban- 
don. Baccm. To confirm; to establish. Shak. To 
perform. Waller. To supply. L' Estrange. 

GOOD, gud. n. s. That which physically contributes 
to happiness ; benefit ; advantage ; the contrary to 
evil. Locke. Prosperity ; advancement. B. Jon- 
son. Earnest; not jest. L 1 Estrange. Moral quali- 
ties, such as are desirable ; virtue ; righteousness ; 
piety. Psalm xxxiv. Property. Chaucer. That 
which is right and fit. Spenser. 

GOOD, gud. ad. Well ; not ill ; not amiss. Reason- 
ably ; as, good cheap. 2 Esdr. xvi. — As good. No 
worse. Mi/ion. 

GOOD, gud. interj. Wei! ! right > 

To GOOD*, gud. v. a. [goeda, Su. Goth.] To ma- 
nure. Bp. Mall. 

GOOD-BREEDING*, gud-breedMng. n. s. Ele- 
gance of manners derived from a good educa- 
tion. 

GOOD-BY*, g&d-bl. ad. [a contraction of God, or 
good, be zoith you.] A familiar way of bidding fare- 
well. — It shou 1 ! be written, properly, Gooa b'ye. 

GOOD-CONDITIONED, gud-kSn-dfsh'-un'd. 362. 
a. Without ill qualities or symptoms. Sharp. 

GOOD-DEN*, gud'-den. ad. A form of wishing; a 
contraction of good-dayen, the Saxon plural of 

A jolly com- 



bat/. 



GOOD-FELLOW, gud-fef-16. n. 

panion. 
GOOD-FELLOWSHIP, g&d-feF-lo-shfp. n.s. Mer 

ry or jolly society. 
To GOOD-FELLOW*, g&d-feF-lo. v. a. To make 

a jolly companion ; to besot. Feltliam. 
432 



GOR 



GOS 



116. move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, t>Gll 5, — dll;— pound;— thin, THis. 



GOOD-HUMOUR, gud-yiY-mur. n. s. A cheerful 

and agreeable temper of mind. 
GOOD-Ill MOURED. trud-viV-mord. a. Cheerful. 
GOOD-HUMOl REDLY*, gud-yu'-murd-le. ad. In 

ajcheerful way. Wakefield. 
GOOD-MANNERS*, gud-man'-nfirz. 71. s. Habitual 

propriety of maimers. Lord Halifax. 
GOOD-NATURE, gud-na'-tshure. ». 5. Kindness : 

habitual benevolence. 
GOOD-NATURED, gud-na'-tshurd. a. Habitually 

benevolent. 
GOOD-NATUREDLY*, gud-na'-tslmre-ed-le. ad. 

In a kind, benevolent manner. Graves. 
GOOD-NOW, gfid'-nou. inter/. In good time ; a la 

tonne heure. Sliak. A soft exclamation of wonder. 

Dn/den. 
GOOD-SPEED*, gud'-speed. 7?. s. An old form of 

wishing success ', success itself. Middleton. 
GOOD-WILL, gud-wll. n. s. Benevolence ; kind- 

ness. Earnestness ; heartiness. 
GOODING*, gud'-lng.zj.s. A custom by women only, 

who ask alms, and in return wish all that is good. 
GOODLES9*,gftdUes. a. Without goods or money. 

:rcr. 

GOO'DLIHOOD. See Goodlyhead. 

GOO DLINESS. gud'-le-ngs. n. s. Beauty; grace ; 

elegance. Sidney. 
GOODLY, efld'-le. a. Beautiful; graceful ; fine ; 
splendid. Sidney. Bulky; swelling; affectedly 
turbid. Dry den. Happv; desirable ; gay. Spenser. 
GOODLY, gud'-le. ad. Excellently. Spenser. 
GOO'DLYHEAD, gud'-Ie-hed. n. s. Grace ; good- 
ness. Spenser. Ob. J. 
GOODMAN, gud'-man. n. s. A slight appellation of 
civility. Shak. A rustick term of compliment ; 
gaffer. Shak. A familiar term for husband. Prov. 
vii. The master of a family. St. Matt. xxiv. 
GOODNESS, gud'-nes. n. s.» Desirable qualities 
either moral or physical ; kindness ; favour. 
Honker. 
GOODS, gudz. 7i. s. Movables in a house. Chap- 
man. Personal or movable estate ; formerly used 
in the singular number. Leslie. Wares ; freight ; 
merchandise. Raleigh. 
GOO'DSHIP*, gud'-shlp. n. s. Favour ; kindness. 

Goicer. Ob. T. 
GOO DY, g&d'-de. n. s. [corrupted from goodwife.] 
A low term of civility used to mean persons. Spen- 
ser. 
GOODYSHIP, gud'-e-ship. n. s. The quality of 

goodv. Hndibras. 
GOODWIFE*, gud'-wife. n. s. The mistress of a 

family. Burton. 
GOODWO'MAN* g&d'-wum-un. n. s. The mistress 

of a family in the lower walks of life. Evehjn. 

GOOSE §, goose. 7t. s. plural geese. [£op, Sax.] A 

large waterfowl proverbially noted for foolishness. 

Shakspeare. A tailor's smoothing iron. Shakspeare. 

GOO'SEBERRY, g&oz'-ber-e. n. s. [perhaps goss 

berry or thorn berry.'] A berry and tree. Miller. 
GOO'SEBERRY Fool*. See Fool. 
GOOSECAP, goOse'-kap. n.s. A silly person. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
GOO'SEFOOT, gOose'-fut. n.s. Wild orach. Mil- 
ler. 
GOO SEGRASS, gSose'-gras. n. s. Clivers ; an herb. 

Mo/iimer. 
GOOSEQUILL* goose'-kwll. n.s. A pen made of 

the quill of a goose. Shakspeare. 
GO'PPISH*, gop'-pish. a. Proud; testy ; pettish. 

Ray. 
GO'RBELLIED, gcV-bel-Hd. 283. a. Fat, bigbelli- 

ed ; having swelling paunches. Sluikspeare. 
GORBELLY§, g6r"-bgl-le. n. s. [perhaps gormand, 
or gormans belly.] A big paunch ; a swelling belly. 
Shervood. 
GORCE*. gSrse. n. s. [gors, Norm. Fr.] A pool of 

water to keep fish in ; a wear. Ob. T. 
GO'RCGCK*. gfir'-kok. n.s. The moor-cock, or red 

game ; grouse. 
GO RCROW*, g6r/-kr6. n. s. The carrion crow. B. 
Jonson. 

55 



GORD, g6rd. n.s. An instrument of gaming. Beau- 
nuvit and Fletcher. 

GO'RDIAN*, gor'-de-jin. a. [from Gordius, a Phry- 
gian husbandman, made king by the oracie of 
Apollo ; who is said to have then tied up his uten- 
sils of husbandry in the temple, and in a Knot so in- 
tricate that no one could find out where it began or 
ended.] Intricate; difficult. Shakspeare. 

GORE §, gore. 71. s. feon, Sax.] Blood effused from 
the body. Spenser. Blood clotted or congealed. 
Mill on. " Dirt; n.ud. Bp. Fisher. 

To GORE, g6re. v. a. [^ebopian, Sax.] To stab ; 
to pierce. Sluikspeare. To pierce with a horn 
Dryden. 

GORGE §, gorje. n. s. [gorge, Fr.J The throat ; the 
swallow. Sidney. That which is gorged or swal- 
lowed. Spenser. A meal or gorgeful given unto 
birds, especially hawks. Watson. [In architecture.] 
A kind of concave moulding. [In fortification.] The 
entrance of a bastion, a ravelin, or other outwork. 

To GORGE, gdrje. v. a. To fill up to the throat ; to 
glut ; to satiate. Sliak. To swallow : as, The fish 
has gorged the hook. 

To GORGE*, gorje. v.n. To feed. Milton. 

GORGED, gor'-jed. a. Having a gorge or throat 
Shak. [In heraldry.] Denoting a crown of a pecu- 
liar form about the neck of a lion or ether animal. 

GORGEFUL*, gdrje'-ful. n.s. A meal for birds 
Ob. T. 

GO'RGEOUS^, gdr'-j&s. 262. a. [gorgias, old Fr.] 
Fine ; splendid ; glittering in various colours ; 
showy; magnificent. Robinson. 

GO'RGEOUSLY, gdr'-jfis-le. ad. Splendidly; mag- 
nificently ; finely. St. Luke, vii. 

GORGEOUSNESS, gSr'-jos-nes. n. s. Splendour ; 
magnificence ; # show. Sir E. Sandys. 

GORGET, gor'-jet. n. s. The piece of armour that 
defends the throat. Shak. A small convex orna- 
ment, gilt or of silver, worn by the officers of foot 
upon their breasts when on duty. Formerly that 
part of the female dress called a ruff. 

GO'RGON§, gdr'-gfin. 166. 7i.s. [yopyu.] A monster 
with snaky hairs, of which the sight turned be- 
holders to stone ; any thing ugly or horrid. Milton. 

GORGO / NIAN*,g6r-g6 / -ne-an. a. Having the pow- 
er of the gorgon to terrify or strike with horrour. 
B. Jonson. 

GO'RHEN*, gfir'-hen. n. s. The female of the gor- 
cock. 

GORING*, g6re'-lng.n. s. Puncture; prick. Dryd. 

GO'RMAND §, gfir'-mand. n. s. [gourmand, Fr.] A 
greedy eater ; a ravenous, luxurious feeder. Mars- 
ton. 

GO'RMANDER* gSr'-man-dur. n. s. A great eater. 
Huloet. 

GO'RMANDIZE*, gdr'-man-dlze. n. s. Voracious- 
ness. 

To GO'RMANDIZE*, g6r'-man-dJze. v. n. To eat 
greedilv ; to feed ravenously. Shakspeare. 

GOR3IAND1 ZER, gSr'-man-dl-zur. n. s. A vora- 
cious eater. Cleaveland. 

GO RREL-BELLIED*. See Gorbellied. 

GORSE, g6rse. n.s. Eftopj-t, Sax.] Furze; a thick, 
prickly shrub that bears yellow flowers. Kyd. 

GORY, g<V-re. a. Covered with congealed blood. 
Spenser. Bloody; murderous; fatal. Shakspeare. 

GO'SHAWKjgos'-hawk. n.s. Igor and hapoc, Sax.] 
A hawk of a large kind. 

GO'SLING, g6zM?ng. n. s. A young goose ; a goose 
not yet full grown. Swift. A calkin on nut-trees 
and pines. 

GOSPEL §,g&s'-pel. n.s. feobep r pel, Sax. God's 
or good tidings ; tvayyiXiov.] The glad tidings of 
the actual coming of the Messiah ; and hence the 
evangelical history of Christ. Hammond. God's 
word; the holy book of the Christian revelaf.on. 
Hammond. Divinity ; theology. Milton. Any 
general doctrine. Burke. 

To GOSPEL, e&s'-pel. v. a. To fill with sentiments 
of religion. Shakspeare. 

GOSPELLARY*, g&s'-pel-lar-e. a. Theological. 
The Cloak in its Colours. 
433 



GOU 



GRA 



$3* 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat ;— me, m& j— pine, pm 



GOSPELLER, g(V-pel-fir. n.s. An evangelist. 
Wicliffe. A name of the followers of Wiclifle, who 
first attempted a reformation from popery, given 
them by the Papists in reproach, from their pro- 
fessing to follow and preach only the Gospel. Bp. 
Burnet. He who reads the Gospel at the altar. 
Skelton. 
To GO'SPELLIZE* gds'-pel-llze. v. a. To form ac- 
cording to the Gospel. Milton. 
GOSS*, gos. n.s. A kind of low furze or gorse. 

Shakspeare. See Gorse. 
GOSSAMER §, gos'-sa-mfir. n.s. [gossipium,. low 
Lat.] The down of plants ; the long white cobwebs 
which fly in the air in calm, sunny weather. Han- 
mer. Shakspeare. 
GOSSAMERY*; gos'-sa-mer-e. a. Light ; flimsy ; 

unsubstantial. Pursuits of Lit. 
GO'SSIP^, gcV-slp. n.s. [£ob and ryb, Sax.] One 
who answers for the child in baptism. Verstegan. 
A tippling companion. Shak. One who runs about 
tattling like women at a lying-in. Hudibras. In a 
good sense, as a friend or neighbour. Spenser. . In 
modern conversation, mere tattle ; trifling talk. " 
To GO'SSIP. gos'-slp. v. n. To chat 5 to prate 5 to 
be merry. Shakspeare. To be a pot-companion. 
Shaksveare. . 

GOSSIPING*, gos'-slp-lng. n. s. A going about to 
collect or report mere tattle ; a meeting of gossips. 
Bp. Rainbow. 
GO'SSIPRED, gos'-sfp-red. n. s. [gossipry, from 
gossip.] Gossiprcd or compaternity, by the canon 
law, is a spiritual affinity. Davies. 
GOSSOON*, g6s-soon'. n. s. [garcon, Fr.] A lad , 
a low attendant formerly in the wealthy families 
among the Irish. Castle Rackrent. 
GO'STING, gos'-ting. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
GOT, gbl.pret. of get. 
GOT, g6t. part. ]mss. of get. 

GOTTf $* gbth. n. s. [Gcthus, Lat. ; LTofca, Sax.] 
One of the people in the northern parts of Europe, 
first called Getes, afterwards Gotiis. Bibliot. Bibl. 
One not civilized ; one deficient in general know- 
ledge ; a barbarian. Addison. 
SOTHAMIST*, go'-tfiam-'k. n.s. [from *e old 
saying, " As wise as a man of Gotham :" a place 
in Nottinghamshire, formerly noted for some pleas- 
ant blunders.] One who is not wise. Bp. Morton. 
xO'THJCAL*, g67/Y-e-kal. \ a. Respecting the coun- 
CJOTHICK* gSth'-lk. \ try or language of 
the Goths. Shelton. A particular kind of architec- 
ture, distinguished by the terms ancient and modern, 
the heavy or light. Addison. Rude 3 uncivilized. 
Cotigrere. 
SOTHICK*, gof/i'-ik. n.s-. The Gothick language. 

Prof, to Serenius's Diet. 
SOTHICISM*, gfo/i'-e-slzm. n.s. A Gothick idiom. 
Chalmers. Conformity to Gothick architecture. 
Gray. The slate of barbarians. Shenstone. 
To GO'THICIZE*, gotfi'-e-slze. v. a. To bring back 

to barbarism. Slnilt. 
GOTTEN, got'-t'n. part. pass, of get. 
GOUD, g6ud. n. s. Woad ; a plant. Diet. 
GOUGE, g65dje. [goudje, Perry.] n.s. [Fr.] A 

chisel having a round edge. Moxon. 
To GOUGE*, goodje. v. a. To scoop out as with a 

gouge or chisel. B. Jonson. 
GOUJEERS, gfi&'-jeerz. n. s. [gouge, Fr. a camp 

trul!J The French disease. Shakspeare. 
GOTJLAND*. n. s. A flower. B. Jonson. 
GOULA'RD*, gSS-lard'. n. s. An extract of lead, so 
called from M. Goulard, the inventor of it, a reme- 
dy for inflammations, &c. 
GOURDE gord, or goord. 318. n.s. [gouhorde, Fr.] 
A plant. Miller. A bottle, [gourt, old Fr.] Han- 
mer. An instrument of gaming. 
&5= Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, and Bu- 
chanan, pronounce this word in the first manner; and 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, in 
the last. The first is, in my opinion, the most agreeable 
to English analogy. W. 
GOORDINESS, gor'-de-nes. n. s. A swelling in a 
horse's leg after a journey. Farrier's Diet. 



GO'URMAND*, gohr'-mmxA.n.s. [Fr.l See Gor- 

mand. A glutton ; a greedy feeder. Bp. Hall. 
To GOURMAND1ZE*, godr'-man-dlze. v. n. To 
play the glutton. Cockeram. 

GO'URMANDIZE*, godr'-man-dlze. n.s. Glut- 
tony; voraciousness. Spenser. 

GOURNET, gfir'-net. 314. n. s. A fish. 

GOUT$,eofit. 313. n. s. [goutle, Fr.] The arthritis ; 
a periodical disease attended with great pain. Ar- 
buthnot. A drop, [gutta, Lat.] Shakspeare. 

GOUT, gob. 315. n. s. [Fr.] A taste. Woodward. 

GOUT-SWOLLEN* g6ut^-sw6ln. a. Inflamed with 
the gout. Bp. Hall. 

GOTJTWORT, gSut'-wfirt. n. s. An herb. Aim 
worth. 

GO'UTY, gSu'-te. a. Afflicted or diseased with the 

fout. Bp. Hall. Relating to the gout. Blackmore. 
Soggy ; as, gouty land. Swelled. Spenser. 
GOUTINESS*, gout'-e-n&s. n. s. The pain of the 

gout. Sherwood. • 
VE §, give. n. s. A mow. Tusser. 
To GOVE, gove. v.n. To mow; to put in a gove, 

goff, or mow. Tusser. An old word. 
To GOVERN $, giV-urn. v. a. [gouverner, Fr.l To 

rule as a chief magistrate. Spenser. To regulate ; 

to influence ; to direct. Davenant. To manage ; 

to restrain. Shak. To have force with regard to 

syntax ; as, amo gor>erns the accusative case. 

Mauger. To pilot ; to regulate the motions of a 

ship. 
To GOVERN, giV-6rn. 98. v. n. To keep superior 

it}' ; to behave with haughtiness. Dryden. 
GOVERNABLE, gfiv'-fir-na-bl. a. Submissive to 

authority ; subject to rule. Locke. 
GOVERNANCE, gav'-fir-nanse. n.s. Government; 

rule ; management. 1 Mace. Control, as that of a 

guardian. Spenser. Behaviour; manners. Spen- 



GOVERNANTE, gi-vfir-nant'. n.s. [gouvernavie , 
Fr.] A lady who has the care of young girls of 
quality. L' 'Estrange. 

GOVERNESS, gfiv'-Qr-nes. n. s. [gouvernesse, Fr.] 
A female invested with authority. Shak. A tu- 
toress ; a woman that has the care of young ladies. 
Sidney. A tutoress ; a directress. More. 

GOVERNMENT, g6V-urn-ment. n.s. [gouverne- 
ment, Fr.] Form of a community with respect to the 
disposition of the supreme authority. Temple. An 
established state of legal authority. Milton. Ad- 
ministration of publick affairs. Waller. Regulari- 
ty of behaviour. Shak. Manageableness ; compli- 
ance ; obsequiousness. Shak. Management of the 
limbs or body. Speiiser. [In grammar.] Influence 
with regard to construction. 
I GOVERN OUR, guv'-ur-nur. 314. n.s. [gouverneur, 
Fr.] One who has the supreme direction. Hooker, 
One who is invested with supreme authority in a 
state. Psalm xxii. One who rules any place with 
delegated and temporary authority. Shak. A tu- 
tor; one who has care of a young mau. Locke, 
Pilot; regulator; manager. Ja. iii. 

GOWD* goud. n. s. A gaud ; a toy. 

GOWK*, gduk. n.s. [gauch, Teut.J A foolish fellow ; 
a cuckoo. 

To GOWK*, gofik. v. a. To stupify. B. Jonson. 

To GOWL*, goul. v. n. [jgw/a ; Icel.] To howl. Wic 
life. Ob. T. 

GOWN§,g6un. n.s. [gonna, Ital.] A long upper 

farment. Abbot. A woman's upper garment. 
'ope. The long habit of a man dedicated to the 
arts of peace, as divinity, medicine, law. Spenser. 
The dress of peace. Dryden. 
GO'WNED, gSfin'd. 362. a. Dressed in a gown. 

Spenser. 
GO'WNMAN, gSun'-man. 88. n. s. A man devoted 
to the arts of peace ; one whose proper habit is a 

Sown. Sometimes called gownsman. Rowe. 
'ZZARD*, g&V-zard. n.s. [a corruption of goose- 
Jierd.] One who attends geese. Malone. 
GRAB*, grab. n. s. A vessel peculiar to the Malabar 
coast; having usually two masts, but sometimes 
three. 

434 



k 



GRA 



GRA 



—116, mftve, n&r, not ;— tAbe, tub, bull ;— oil ;— p6und ;— th'n\, 



To GRABBLE, grab'-bl. 405. ».n. [probably from 
grapple?] To grope; to feel eagerly with the hands. 
Artntthnet. To lie prostrate on die ground. Ains- 

irorth. 
GRACES, gr^se. 560. n. s. [grace, Fr.] Favour; 
kindness. Sidney. Favourable influence of God 
on the human mind. 2 Cor. Virtue ; efl'ect of 
God's influence. Pearson. Pardon-, mercy. Mil- 
ton. Favour conferred. Prior. Privilege. Dry- 
den. A goddess, by the heathens supposed to be- 
stow beauty Prior. Behaviour, considered as 
decent or unbecoming. Sidney. Adventitious or 
artificial beauty. Ilarte. Natural excellence. 
Hooker. Embellishment; recommendation ; beau- 
ty. Spenser. Single beauty. Dryden. Orna- 
ment ; flower 3 highest perfection. Shale . Single 
or particular virtue. Shak. Virtue physically. 
Shak. The title of a duke or archbishop 5 former- 
ly of the king, meaning the same as your goodness, 
or your clemency. Bacon. A short prayer said be- 
fore and after meat. Addison. 
GRACE-CUP, grase'-kup. n. s. The cup or health 

drank after grace. Prior. 
To GRACE, grise. o. a. To adorn ; to dignify ; to 
embellish. Hooker. To dignify or raise by an act 
of favour. Shak. To favour. To supply with 
heavenly grace. Bp. Hall. 
GRA'CED, grist. 359. a. Beautiful 5 graceful. Sid- 
ney. Virtuo us ; regular ; chaste. Sliakspeare. 
GRA CEFUL, grase'-ful. a. Full of grace and vir- 
tue. Sliakspeare. Beautiful with dignity. Dryden. 
GRA CEFULLY, grase'-ful-e. ad. Elegantly 5 with 

pleasing dignity. Swift. 
GRA'CEFULNESS, grase'-ful-nes. n. s. Elegance 

of manner; dignity with beauty. Hakewill. 
GRA'CELESSjgrase'-les. a. Void of grace ; wick- 
ed; abandoned. Spenser. 
GRA'CELESSLY* graseMes-le. ad. Without ele- 
gance. Sidney. 
GRA'CES, gra/-s?z. 99. n. s. Good graces, for favour, 

is seldom used in the singular. Toiler. 
GRA'CILE §, gras'-sil. 140. a. [gracilis, Lat.] Slen- 
der ; small. Vict. 
GRA'CILENT, gras'-.e-lent. a. [gracilentus, Lat.] 

Lean. Dirt. 
GRACPLITY, gra-sift-e-te. n. s. [graciliias, Lat.] 

Slenderness ; smallness ; leanness. Cockeram. 
GRACIOUS S, gra'-shus. 314. a. [gracieux, Fr.l 
Merciful ; benevolent. South. Favourable ; kind. 
2 Kings. Acceptable ; favoured. Spenser. Vir- 
tuous f good. Shak. Excellent. Hooker. Grace- 
ful ; becoming ; pleasing. Chaucer. 
GRA'CIOUSLY, gra'-shfls-le. ad. Kindly; with kind 

condescension. Dryden. In a pleasing manner. 
GRA'CIOUSNESS, gra'-shfts-nes. n. s. Merciful- 
ness. Sir E. Sandys. Kind condescension. Clar- 
endon. Possession of graces or good qualities. Bp. 
Barlow. Pleasing manner. Johnson. 
GRADA'TION §, gra-da'-shun. n. s. [gradation, Fr.] 
Regular progress from one degree to another. 
L'Estrange. Regular advance, step by step. Til- 
lotson. Order ; sequence ; series. Shak. Regular 
process of argument. South. 
GRA'DATORVT, grad'-a-lfir-e. 512. n. s. [gradus, 
Lat.] Steps from the cloisters into the church. Aim- 
worth. 
GRA'DATORY*. grad'-a-tfir-e. a. Proceeding step 

by step. Seward. 
GRADE*, gride, n.s. [Fr.] Rank; degree. This 
word has been brought forward in some modern 
pamphlets, but it willhardly be adopted. 
GRA'DIENT, gra'-de-ent, or gra'-je-ent. 293. a. 
[gradiens, Lat.] Walking; moving by steps. Wil- 
kins. 
GRADUAL §, grad'-u-al, or grad'-ju-al. 293,294, 
376. a. [graduel, Fr.] Proceeding by degrees ; 
advancing step by step. Milton. 
GRA'DUAL, grad'-u-al. 88. n.s. An order of steps. 
Dryden. A grail ; an ancient book of hymns or 
prayers. See Grail. 
GRADUA'LITY, grad-u-dl'-e-te. n. s. Regular pro- 
gression. Brown. 



(JK.VDUALLY, grad'-u-al -le. ad. By degrees; in 
regular progression. Newton. In degree. Grew. 

To 9 R A'DU ATE $, grdd'-u-ate. v. a. [graduer, Fr.] 
To dignify with a degree in the university. Carew. 
To mark with degrees. Derham. To raise to a 
higher place in the scale of metals : a chymical 
term. Boyle. To heighten ; to improve. Brown. 

To GRA'DUATE*, grad'-u-ate. v.n. To take an 
academical degree. To proceed regularly, or by 
degrees. Gilpin. 

GRA'DUATE, grad'-u-ale. 91. n.s. A man digni- 
fied with an academical degree. Selden. 

GRA'DUATESHIP*, grad'-a-ate-ship. n. s. The 
state of a graduate. Milton. 

GRADUATION, grad-u-a'-shfin. n.s. Regular pro- 
gression by succession of degrees. Grew. Exalta- 
tion oF qualities. Brown. The act of conferring 
academical degrees. Johnson. 

GRAFF, graft n. s. A ditch ; a moat. Clarendon. 

GRAFF, graft i 79. n. s. [^papan, Sax.] A small 

GRAFT, graft. \ branch inserted into the stock of 
* another tree, and nourished by its sap, but bearing 
its own fruit; a young cion. Raleigh. 

To GRAFFS, graft*. ? v. a. To insert a cion or 

To GRAFT S, graft. $ branch of one tree into the 
stock of another. Dryden. To propagate by insei- 
tion or inoculation. Dryden. To insert into a place 
or body to which it did not originally belong. Rom. 
To impregnate with an adscititious branch. Shak. 
To join one thing so as to receive support from 
another. Swift. 

$5= Nothing can be clearer, than that graff is the true 
word, if we appeal to its derivation from the French 
word ' greffer ; and, accordingly, we find this word used 
in Scripture, and several of the old writers : but nothing 
can be clearer, than that it is now obsolete, and that the 
word grafted has been long used by our most respecta- 
ble modern authors, and that it ought to be used exclu- 
sively. W. 

To GRAFF, graft v. n. To practise insilion. Bacon. 
GRA'FFER, graft-fur. ) n. s. One who propagates 
GRA'FTER,graf'-tur. \ fruit by grafting. Evelyn. 
GRAIL, grale. n. s. [grile, Fr.] Small particles of 

any kind. Spenser. 
GRAIL*, grale. n. s. [graduale, gradale, low Lat.] 
A book containing some of the offices of the Ro- 
man church. Warton. 
GRAINS, grane. 202. n.s. [graine, Fr.; granum-, 
Lat.] A single seed of corn. Mortimer. Corn. 
Shak. The seed of any fruit. Any minute parti- 
cle ; any single body. Shak. The smallest 'weight, 
of which, in plrysick, twenty make a scruple, and 
in Troy weight twenty-four make a pennyweight : 
and so named because it is supposed of equal 
weight with a grain of corn. Bacon. Any thing 
proverbially small*. Wisd. xi. — Grain of alloivance. 
Something - indulged or remitted. Addison. — The 
direction of the fibres of wood, or other fibrous mat- 
ter. Shale. The body of the wood as modified by 
the fibres. Dryden. The body, considered with 
respect to the form cr direction of the constituent 
particles. Brown. Dyed or stained substance. 
Spenser. Temper; disposition; inclination. Shale. 
The heart; the bottom. Hayivard. The form of 
the surface with regard to roughness and smooth- 
ness. Neicton. A tine ; a spike. Ray. 
To GRAIN*, grane. v. n. To yield fruit. Gower. 
To GRAIN*, or GRANE*, grane. v. n. [£jianian, 

Sax.] To groan. 
GRAPNED, grand. 359. a. Rough; made less 

smooth. Sliakspeare. Dyed in grain. Brown. 
GRAI'NING*, gra'-nmg. n. s. Indentation. Leake. 
GRAINS, granz. n. s. [without a singular.] The 

husks of malt exhausted in brewing. B. Jonson. 
GRAINS of Paradise, n. s. An Indian spice. 
GRAPNSTAFF*, grane'-staf. n.s. A quarter-staff. 
GRA'INY, gra'-ne. a. Full of corn. Full of grains or 

kernels 
To GRAITH§*, grkth. v. a. [^ejiaebian, Sax.] To 

prepare; to make ready. Chaucer. 
GRAITH*, grkth. n.s. feenaebe, Sax.] Furniture; 
equipage ; goods ; riches.^ 
435 



GRA 



GRA 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fS.ll, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin : 



GRAM*, mm. 
GRAME'RCY, 



a. (gpam, Sax.] Angry. 
gra-meV-se. interj. [grand merci, 
Fr.] An obsolete expression of obligation. Spenser. 

GRAMINEOUS §, gra-mk'-e-fis. a. [gramineus, 
Lat.] Grassj'. 

GRAMINFVOROUS, gram-e-nfv'-i-rus. 518. a. 
[gramen and vow, Lat.] Grass-eating ; living upon 
grass. Sliarpe. 

GRA'MMAR §,. gram'-mar. 418. n. s. [grammaire, 
Fr. ; grammatica, Lat.J The science of speaking 
correctly ; the art which teaches the relations of 
words to each other. Fell. Propriety or justness 
of speech. Dry den. The book that treats of the 
various relations of words to one another. Toiler. 

GRA'MMAR School, gram'-mar-skSol. n. s. A school 
in which the learned languages are grammatically 
taught. Locke. 

To GRA'MMAR*, gram'-mar. v. n. To discourse ac- 
cording to the rules of grammar. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

GRAMMA'RIAN, gram-ma'-re-an. n.s. [grammai- 
rien,Fv.] One who teaches grammar; a philologer* 
Holder. 

GRAMMATICAL, gram-mat / -e-kal. a. [gi-ammat- 
ical, Fr.] Belonging to grammar. Sidney. Taught 
by grammar. Dryden. 

GRAMMATICALLY, gram-mat'-e-kal-e. ad. Ac- 
cording to the rules or science of grammar. Watts. 

GRAMMA 1 TIC ASTER, gram-mat'-e-kas-tur. 
n. s. [Lat.] A mean verbal pedant ; a low gram- 
marian. Sir W. Petty. 

To GRAMMA'TICISE*, gram-mat'-e-slze. v.a. To 
render grammatical. Johnson. 

GRAMMATICA'TION*, gram-mat-e-ka'-shfin. n.s. 
Rule of grammar. Dalgarno. 

GRAMMA'TICK*, gram-mat'-ik. a. Pertaining to 
grammar. Milton. 

GRA'MMATIST*, gram'-ma-tlst. n. s. [grammatis- 
fa,LatJ A grammaticaster. H. Toolce 

GRA'MFLE, gram'-pl. 405. n. s. [grampelle, Fr.] A 
crab-fish. Cotgrave. 

GRAMPUS, gram'-p&s. n. s. A large fish of the ce 
taceous kind. Sir T. Herbert. 

GRANA'DO*, «;ra-na'-d6. n.s. [ 



Span.] A grenade. 
GRAIN 1 ADPER*. 



ranada defuego, 



See Grenadier. 
GRANAM*. See Grannam. 
GRANARY, gran'-a-re. 503. n. s. [granarium, Lat.] 
A store-house for threshed corn. Addison. 

$TJ=* We sometimes hear this word pronounced with the 
first a like that in grain ; but all our orthoe'pists mark 
it like the a in grand. The first manner would insinu- 
ate, that the word is derived from the English word 
grain: but this is not the case ; it comes from the Latin 
granarium ; and, by our own analogy, has the antepe- 
nultimate vowel short. W. 

GRANATE, gran'-at. 91. n. s. [granum, Lat.] A 
kind of marble so called, because marked with 
small variegations like grains. Otherwise gran- 
ite. The gem called a garnet. 
GRAND §, grand, a. [grandis, Lat.] Great; illus- 
trious ; high in power. Raleigh. Great ; splendid ; 
magnificent. Young. Principal ; chief. Milton. 
Eminent ; superiour. Milton. Noble ; sublime ; 
lofty ; conceived or expressed with great dignity. 
Burke. It is used to signify ascent or descent of 
consanguinity. 

GRAN DAM, gran'-dam. n. s. [grand and dam or 
dame.'] Grandmother ; my father's or mother's mo- 
ther. Sliak. An old, withered woman. Dryden 

GRANDCHILD, grand' -tshlld. n. s. [grand and 
child.'] The son or daughter of my son or daughter. 
Bacon. 

GRANDAUGHTER, grand -daw-tfir. n. s. The 
daughter of a son or daughter. Bp. Newton. 

GRANDE'Ey, gran-dee', n.s. [grand, Fr.] A man 
of great rank, power, or dignity. Wotton. 

GRANDE'ESHIP*, gran-dee'-shlp. n. s. The rank, 
or estate, of a grandee ; a lordship. Swinburne. 

GRANDE'VITY §, gran-ddv'-e-te. n. s. [grandcr, 
w, Lat.] Great age ; length of life. Diet. 



GRANDE'VOUS, gran-de'-vus. a. Long lived; of 

freat age. Diet. 
ANDEUR§, gran'-j&r. 376. n.s. [Fr.] State j 
splendoui of appearance ; magnificence. South. 
Greatness, as opposed to minuteness. Addison. 
Elevation of sentiment, language, or mien. Toiler 

GRANDFATHER, grand'-fa-THur. n.s. The fa 
ther of my father or mother. Bacon. 

GRANDPFICK, gran-dif-fk. 509. a. [grandis and 
facio.] Making great. Diet. 

GRANDPLOQUENCE §*, gran-dn'-6-kwgnse. n. s. 
[grandis and loquor, Lat.] High, lofty, big speak- 
ing. More. 

GRANDFLOQUOUS*, gran-dll'-o-kwus. a. [gran- 
diloquus, Lat.] Using lofty words. Cockeram. 

GRA'NDINOUS, gran'-de-nus. a. [grando, Lat.] 
Full of hail ; consisting of hail. Diet. 

GRANDITY, gran'-de-te. n.s. [grandis, Lat.] 
Greatness ; grandeur ; magnificence. Camden. An 
old word. 

GRANDLY*, grand'-le. ad. Sublimely; loftily. Bos- 
well. 

GRANDMOTHER, grand'-muTH-ur. n. s. The 
mother of my father or mother. 1 Tim. 

GRANDNESS*, grand'-n&s. n. s. Greatness. Wol- 
laston. 

GRANDSIRE, grand' -sire. n.s. [grand and sire.'j 
Grandfather. Sliak. Any ancestor, poetically. 
Shakspeare. 

GRANDSON, grand'-sfin. n. s. The son of a son ot 
daughter. Dryden. 

To GRANE*, grane. v.n. To groan. See To 
Grain. 

GRANGE, granje. n. s. [grange, Fr.] A farm : gen- 
erally a farm with a house at a distance from neigh- 
bours. Shak. A granary. Milton. 

GRANITES, gran'-lt. 140. n.s. [granit, Fr.] A 
stone composed of separate and very large concre- 
tions, rudely compacted. The hard white granite 
with black spots, commonly called moorstone, 
forms a very firm, and, though rude, yet beautifully 
variegated mass. Hard red granite, variegated 
with black and white, now called oriental granite, 
is valuable for its extreme hardness and Deauty. 
Hill. . 

GRANFTICAL*, gra-nV-e-kal. a. Consisting of 
granite. Polwhele. 

GRANPVOROUS,gra-n?v'-v6-rus.518. a. [granum 
and voro, Lat.] Eating grain ; living upon grain 
Arbuthnot. 

GRANNAM, gran'-num. 88. n. s. " L for grandam. 
Grandmother. B. Jonson. 

To GRANT §, giant. 78, 79. v. a. [grmnter, or 
graaunter, old Fr.] To admit that which is not yet 
proved ; to allow ; to yield ; to concede. Hooker. 
To bestow something which cannot be claimed of 
right. 1 Sam. 

GRANT, grant, n. s. The act of granting or bestow- 
ing. The thing granted; a gift ; a boon. Dryden. 
[In law.] A gift in writing of such a thing as can 
not aptly be passed or conveyed by word only 
Cowel. Admission of something in dispute. Hooker 

GR ANT ABLE, grant'-a-bl. a. That which may bo 

franted. Aylijfe. 
ANTE'E, gran-tee 7 , n.s. He to whom any grant 
is made. Swift. 
GRANTOR, grant-tfir'. 166. [gran'-tfir, Sheridan 
and Perry ; grant-tor', Jones.] n. s. He by whom a 

grant is made. Ayliffe. 
ANULARY, gran'-u-lar-e. a. [from granule.] 
Small and compact; resembling a small grain or 
seed. Brown. 

To GRANULATE^, gran'-u-late. v.n. [grander, 
Fr.] To be formed into small grains. Sprat. 

To GRANULATE, gran'-u-late. 91. v. a. To break 
into small masses or granules. Brown. To raise 
into small asperities. Ray. 

GRANULATION, gran-u-la'-shun. n.s. [granula- 
tion, Fr.] The act of pouring melted metal into 
cold water, so as it may congeal into small grains. 
Gunpowder and some salts are likewise said to be 
granulated, from their resemblance to grain or 
436 



\ 



GRA 



GRA 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t;— ti\be, t&b, bull; — 6!l ;— pdflnd ;— thm, THis. 



Md Quincy. The act of shooting or breaking 

into small masses. Sharp. 
GRANULE}, gran'-iMe. n. s. [^ronwn, Lat.] A 

small compact particle. Boyle. 
GRA NULOUS, gran'-u-lus. a. Full of little grains. 
GRAPE$, grape, n. s. [grappe, Fr.] The fruit of the 

vino, growing in clusters. Lev. xix. 
GRAPE Hyacinth, or GRAPE Flower, n. s. A 

flower. 
GRAPE Shot*, grape'-shot. n. s. [In artillery.] A 

combination ot small shot, put into a thick canvas 

bag, and corded strongly together, so as to form a 

kind of cylinder. Chambers. 
GRA'PELESS* grape'-les. a. Wanting the strength 

and flavour of the grape. Jenyns. 
GRA'PESTONE, grape'-stone. n.s. The stone or 

seed contained in the grape. Prior. 
GRAPHICAL}, graf-e-kal. a. [ypctyw.] Well de- 
lineated. Bacon. 
GRA PHIC ALLY, graP-e-kal-e. ad. In picturesque 

manner ; with good description or delineation. B. 

Jonson. 
GRA THICK*, graf-ik. a % Graphical. B. Jonson. 

Relating to engraving. Warton. 
GRAPHO METER*, gra-fom'-e-tar. n. s. [y 9 d<pu 

and uerpov.'] A surveying instrument. Drummond. 
GRA'PNEL, grap'-nel. n.s. [grappil, and grappin, 

Fr.] A small anchor belonging to a little vessel. A 

grappling iron, with which, in fight, one ship fas- 
tens on another. Chaucer. 
To GRAPPLE}, grap'-pl. 405. v.n. [greipan, M. 

Goth.] To contend by seizing each other. Beaumont 

and Fletcher. To contest in close fight. Sliakspeare. 
To GRAPPLE, giV-pl. "• «■ To fasten; to fix. 

Shah. To seize ; to lay fast hold of. Heijlin. 
GRATPLE, grap'-pl. n. s. Contest hand to hand, in 

which the combatants seize each other. Milton. 

Close fight. Shak. Iron instrument by which one 

Ship fastens on another. Dryden. 
GRA PPLEMENT, grap'-pl -ment. n. s. Close fight; 

hostile embrace. Spenser. Ob. J. 
GRA'PY*, gra/-pe. a. [grappu, Fr.] Full of clusters 

of grapes. Addison. M ade of the grape. Gay. 
GRA'SHOPPER, gras'-hop-tir. n. s. A small in- 
sect that hops in the summer grass. Addison. 
GRA'SIER, gra'-zh&r. 283. n. s. One who feeds 

cattle. Wat-ton. See Grazier. 
To GRASP §, grasp, v. a. [graspare, Ital.] To hold 

in the hand ; to gripe. Sidney. To seize ; to catch 

at. Clarendon. 
To GRASP, grasp. «. n. To catch ; to endeavour to 

seize. Swift. To struggle; to strive. Sluxk. To 

gripe ; to encroach. Dryden. 
GRASP, grasp, n.s. The gripe or seizure of the 

hand. Milton. Possession ; hold. Slutk. Power 

of seizing. Milton. 
GRA'SPER, grasp'-fir. 98. n.s. One that grasps. 

Sherwood. 
GRASS}, gras. 78, 79. n. s. [Spser, Sax.] The 

common herbage of the field on which cattie feed. 

Jeremiah, 1. 
GRASS of Parnassus, n. s. [parnassia, Lat.] A 

plant. Miller. 
To GRASS, gras. v. n. To breed grass; to become 

pasture. Tusser. 
GRASS-GREEN*, gras'-green.a. Green with grass. 

Shakspeare. 
GRASS-GROWN*, gras'-gr6ne. a. Grown over 

with grass. Tliomson. 
GRASS-PLOT, gras' -plot. n. s. [grass and plot.] 

A small level covered with short grass. Temple. 
GRASS-POLY, gras'-p&l-e. n.s. A species of wil- 
low-wort. 
GRASSATION*, gras-sa'-sh&n. n. s. [grassaiio, 

Lat.] A ranging about to do wrong. Feltham. 
GRASSINESS, gras'-se-nes. n. s. The state of 

abounding in grass. 
GRASSLESS*, grasMes. a. Wanting grass. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 
GRA'SSY, gras'-se. a. Covered with grass ; abound- 
ing with grass. Spenser. 
GRATE §, grate, n. s. [crates, Lat.] A partition made 



with bars placed near to one another, or <■ Tossing 
each other : such as are :in cloisters or prisons. 
Shak. The range of bars within which fires are 
made. Sj>ectator. 

To GRATE*, grate, v, x. To shut up with bars 
Sherwood. 

To GRATE, grate, v. a. [grattn, Fr.] To rub oi 
wear any thing by the attrition of a rough body. 
Spenser. To offend by any thing harsh or vexa- 
tious. Dryden. To form a sound by collision of 
asperities or hard bodies. Milton. 

To GRATE}, grate, v. n. To rub hard, so as to injure 
or offend. Locke. To make a harsh noise, as that 
of a rough body drawn over another. Hooker. 

GRATE }*, grate, a. [gratus, Lat.] Agreeable. Sit 
T. Herbert. Ob. T. 

GRACEFUL, grate'-ful. a. [grains, Lat.] Having 
a due sense of benefits. Milton. Pleasing; accept- 
able ; delightful ; delicious. Bacon. 

GRATEFULLY, grate'-ful-le. ad. With willing 
ness to acknowledge and repay benefits ; with due- 
sense of obligation. Milton. In a pleasing manner 
Watts. 

GRATEFULNESS, grate'-fnl-nes. n.s. Gratitude 5 
duty to benefactors. Herbert. Quality of being 
acceptable; pleasantness. 

GRATER, grat'-ur. n. s. [grattoir, Fr.] A ki°d of 
coarse file with which soft bodies are rubbed to 
powder. A. Hill. 

GRATIFICATION}, grat-e-fe-ka'-shfin.n. s. [graf- 
ificatio, Lat.] The act of pleasing. South. Pleas- 
ure j delight. Rogers. Reward 5 recompense. 
Bp. Morton. 

GRATIFIER* grat'-e-fl-ur. n. s. One who gratifies 
or delights. More. 

To GRATIFY, grat'-e-fl. v.a.[gratifcor, Lat.] To 
indulge ; to please by compliance. Dryden. To 
delight; to please. Dryden. To requite with a 
recompense. 

GRATING*, grate'-mg. n. s. A partition made with 
bars placed near to one another, or crossing each 
other. In a ship, gratings are small ledges of 
sawed plank on the upper deck. 

GRATINGLY, grate'-ing-le. ad. Harshly ; offen- 
sively. 

GRATIS, gra'-tis. 544. ad. [Lat.] For nothing; 
without a recompense. Shakspeare. 

GRATITUDE, grat'-e-tude. n.s. [gratitudo, low 
Lat.] Duty to benefactors. Shak. Desire to return 
benefits. Milton. 

GRATUITOUS },gra-uV-e-tus. a. [gratuilus,L<H.l 
Voluntary; granted without claim or merit. L'Est. 
Asserted without proof. Ray. 

GRATUITOUSLY, gra-tu'-e-tus-le. ad. Without 
claim or merit. Without proof. Clieyne. 

GRATUITY, gra-tu'-e-te. n.s. [gratuite, Fr.] A 
present or acknowledgement ; a free g ; ft. Broome, 

To GRATULATE}, gratsh'-u-late, or grat'-u-late. 
461. v. a. [gratulor, Lat.] To congratulate ; to salute 
with declarations of joy. Shak. To declare joy 
for. B. Jonson. To reward. Beaum. and Fletcher'. 

GRATULA'TION, gratsh-u-la'-shun. n. s. Saluta- 
tions made by expressing joy; expression of joy. 
Honker. 

GRATULATORY, gratsh'-u-la-tur-e. 512. [See 
Domestick.1 a. Congratulatory ; expressing con- 
gratulation. Willet. ^.xpressing thanks. Waterland. 

GRAVE, grave. A final syllable in the names of 
places, from the Saxon £jiaejr, a grove or cave. 
Gibson. 

GRAVE}, grave, n.s. [Spsep, Sax.] The place in 
the ground in which the dead are reposited. Milton. 
In the plural only, graves is used to signify the 
sediment of tallow melted for the making of can- 
dles. [Graf, Germ.] A ruler, usually in composi- 
tion, as, landgrave, margrave. 

GRAVE-CLOTHES, grave'-kl6ze. n. s. The dress 
of the dead. St. John. 

GRAVE-DIGGER*, grave'-dfg-gur. n.s. One who 
digs graves. Guardian. 

GRAVE-MAKER*, grave'-ma-kfir. n. s. A grave 
digger, Shakspeare. 



GRA 














GRE 


0=559.- 


-Fate 


ar, mi, 


fatj- 


— me, 


m<k;- 


— pine 


pin 3— 



GRAVE-STONE, grave^ne. n. s. The stone that 

is laid over the grave. Sliakspeare. 
To GRAVE $, grave, v.a. preter. graved; part. pass. 
graven. To dig. [^papan, Sax.] Psalm vii. To 
insculp; to carve a figure or inscription in any 
hard substance, [graver, Fr. ypd<pu>.] Milton. To 
carve or form. Heb. ii. To copy paintings upon 
wood or metal, in order to be impressed on paper. 
Dryden. To entomb. Slialc. To clean, calk, 
and sheath a ship. Ainsworth. 
To GRAVE, grave, v. n. To write or delineate on 

hard substances. Exod. xxviii. 
GRAVE §, grave, a. [gravis, Lat.] Solemn ; serious ; 
sober. Shak. Of weight; not futile; credible. 
Grew. Not showy; not tawdry. Not sharp of 
sound ; not acute. Holder. 
GRA'VEM, grav'-el. 99. n.s. [graved, Dutch.] 
Hard sand. Woodward, [gravelle, Fr.] Sandy 
matter concreted^ in the kidneys. Arbidhnot. 
To GRA'VEL, grav'-eL v. a. To pave or cover with 
gravel. Bacon. To stick in the sand. Camden. 
To puzzle ; to stop ; to put to a stand. Shak. [In 
horsemanship.] To hurt the foot with gravel con- 
fined by the shoe. 
GRA'VELESS, grave'-lSs. a. Wanting a tomb ; 

unburied. Shakspeare. 
GRA'VELLY, grav'-el-le. a. [gravelmx, Fr.] Full 

of gravel; abounding with gravel. Bacon. 
GRAYELY, grave'-le.arf.SoIemnly ; seriously ; so- 
berly ; without lightness or mirth. Milton. With- 
out gaudiness or show. 
GRATENESS, gra.ve'-ne's. n.s. Seriousness; so- 
lemnity and sobriety of behaviour. Shakspeare. 
GRA'VtOLENT, gra-ve'-6-lent. a. [graviolens, 

Lat.] Strong scented. Diet. 
GRAYER, gra'-yur. 98. n.s. [graveur, Fr.] One 
whose business is to inscribe or carve upon hard 
substances ; one who copies pictures upon wood or 
metal to be impressed on paper. Dryden. The 
style or tool used in graving. Boyle. 
GRA'VID §*, grav'-ld. a. [gravidas, Lat.] Pregnant. 

Sir T. Herbert. • 

GRA'VIDATED*, grav'-e-da-tgd. a. Great with 

young. Barrow. 
GRAVIDA'TION*, grav-e-da/-shfin. n.s. Pregnan- 
cy. Pearson. 
GRAVIDITY, gra-vld'-e-te. n. s. Pregnancy ; state 

of being with child. Arbuthnot. 
GRA VING ; gra/-v?ng. n.s. Carved work. 2 Citron. 

Impression. King Clvarles. 
To GRAVITATE igrav'-e-tate. v.n. [ gravis, Lat.] 

To tend to the centre of attraction. Bbxckmore. 
GRAVITA'TION, grav-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Act of 

tending to the centre. Bentley. 
GRAVITY, grav'-e-te. n. s. [gravitas, Lat.] Weight ; 
heaviness ; tendency to the centre. Quincij. Atro- 
ciousness ; weight of guilt. Hooker. Seriousness; 
solemnity. Sliakspeare. 
GRAYY, gra'-ve. n. s. [grav, Germ.] The serous 
juice that runs from flesh not much dried by the 
fire. Harvey. 
GRAY§, gra. a. [Sp.ae£, Sax. grau, Dan.] White 
with a mixture of black. Milton. White or hoary 
with old age. Bacon. Dark like the opening or 
close of day; of the colour of ashes. Camden. 
GRAY, gra. n. s. A gray colour. Shakspeare. 
GRAY, gra. n. s. A badger. Ainsworth. 
GRAY*, gra. n. s. A kind of salmon, having a gray 

back and sides. 
GRA'YBE ARD, gra'-beerd. n. s. An old man. Shak. 
GRA'YFLY* grit'-fll. n. s. The trumpet-fly. MiUon. 
GRAYISH*, gra'-ish. a. Approaching to a gray 

colour. Warner. 
GRAYLE*. See Grail. 
GRA'YLING, graMing. n.s. The umber; a fish. 

Walton,. 
GRA'YNESS, gra'-ngs. n.s. The quality of being 

gray. Sherwood. 
To GRAZE §, graze, v. n. [ftpapian, Sax.] To eat 
grass ; to feed on grass. Shak. To supply grass. 
Bacon. To move on devouring. Bacon. [From 
raser, Fr.] To touch lightly. Shakspeare. 



To GRAZE, graze v.a. To tend grazing cattle. Shak. 
To feed upon. Milton. To supply with grass. To 
strike lightly^ [raser, Fr.] Shakspeare. 

GRA'ZER, gra'-z&r. ji.s. One who feeds on grass. 
Philips. 

GRA'ZIER, gra'-zhur. 283, 484. n.s. One who 
feeds cattle. Bacon. 

GREASE §, grese. 227, 560. n. s. [graisie, Fr.] The 
soft Dart of the fat. Bacon. [In horsemanship.] A 
swelling and gourdiness of the legs of a horse 

To GREASE, greze. 437. v. a. To smear or snoint 
with grease. Swift. To bribe; to corrupt with 
presents. Dryden. 

GREASILY* gre'-ze-le. ad. With an appearance, 
as if smeared with grease. More. Grossly; indeli 
cately. Shakspeare. 

GRE'ASINESS, gre'-ze-nes. n.s. Oiliness ; fatness. 
Boyle. 

GRE'ASY, gre'-ze. a. Oily ; fat ; unctuous. Shak. 
Smeared with grease. Mortimer. Fat of body; 
bulky. Sliak. Gross ; indelicate ; indecent. Marston. 

GREATS, grate. 240, 241. a. [£peafc, Sax.] Large 
in bulk or number. St. Matt. xxvi. Having any 
quality in a high degree. Psalm xiv. Having num- 
ber or bulk, relative or comparative. Locke. Con- 
siderable in extent or duration. 2 Sa7n. Impor- 
tant; weighty. Milton. Chief; principal. Slrnk. 
Venerable ; adorable ; awful. Milton. Wonderful ; 
marvellous. Milton. Of high rank; of large pow- 
er. Dan. ii. General ; extensive in consequence or 
influence. Milton. Illustrious; eminent; noble. 
Jer. x. Grand of aspect ; of elevated mien. Dry- 
den. Magnanimous; generous. Sidney. Opulent; 
sumptuous; magnificent. Milton. Intellectually 
great; sublime. Milton. Swelling ; proud. Knolles. 
Familiar; much acquainted. Bacon. Pregnant; 
teeming. Jerem. xx. It is added in every step of 
ascending or descending consanguinity : as, great 
grandson is the son of my grandson. Camden. 
Hard; difficult; grievous. Bp. Tayicr. 

GREAT, grate, n.s. The whole; the gross; the 
whole in a lump. Tusser. 

GRE'ATBELLIED, grate-beT-id. 283. a. (great and 
belly.] Pregnant; teeming. Wilkins. 

To GRE'ATEN, grate'-tn. v. a. To aggrandize ; to 
enlarge. Raleigh. 

To GRE'ATEN*, gra'-tn. v. n. To increase ; to be- 
come large. South. 

GREATHEARTED, grate-hart'-^d. a. High spir- 
ited; undetected. Clarendon. 

GRE'ATLYjgrateMe. ad. In a great degree. Milton. 
Nobly; illustriously. Diyden. Magnanimously; 
generously ; bravely. Addison. 

GRE'ATNESS, grate'-nes. n. s. [ftpeafcnerpe, 
Sax.] Largeness of quantity or number. Addison. 
Comparative quantity. Locke. Higli degree of 
any quality. Rogers. High place ; dignity ; pow- 
er; influence; empire. Sidney. Swelling pride ; 
affected state. Bacon. Merit ; magnanimity ; no 
bleness of mind. Milton. Grandeur ; state ; mag 
nificence. Pope. 

GREAVE, greev. n.s. A grove. [Spsep, Sax.] 
Chaucer. A groove, [groqf. Icel.] Spenser. 

GREAVES, greevz. n.s. [greves, Fr.] Armour for the 
legs ; a sort of boots. 1 Sam. xvii. 

GRECIANS*, gre'-shan. n. s. [Grmcus, Lat.] A na 
tive or inhabitant of Greece. Joel, iii. A Jew who 
understood or spoke Greek. Acts, vi. One skilled 
in the Greek language ; as, He is a good Grecian. 

GRECIAN*, gre-shan. a. Relating to the country 
of Greece. Milton. 

GRE'CIAN Fire*, gre'-shan-flre. n.s. [feu Greceois, 
Fr.] Wildfire ; such as will burn within water. 

To GRE'CIANIZE*, gre'-shan-lze. v. n. [grecan- 
izer, Fr.] To play the Grecian; to speak Greek. 
Cotgrave. 

To GRE'CISE*. v.a. [grecizer, Fr.] To translate 
into Greek. Warton. 

GRE'CISM, gre'-sizm. n. s. [grcecismns, Lat.] An 
idiom of the Greek language. Addison. 

GRE'DALIN*. See Gridf.lin. 

GREE, gre. n.s. [gre 1 , Fr.] Good will; favour 
438 



GRE 



GRI 



-i)6, move, hot, ndt j— tube, (fib, bfill ; — dfl ; — pdfind ; — thin, THis. 



Spenser Rank ; degree, [gradiis, Lat.] Spenser. 
A step. Wiclitfe. See Greeze. 
3PoGREE*, are. t'.n. Lgreer, old Fr.] To agree. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
GREECE, greese. n.s. A flight of steps. Bacon. 
GREED*, greed, n.s. Greediness. Graham. 
G RE K D 1 L Y, gree-de-le. ad. Eagerly ; ravenously ; 
voraciously. Prov. xxi. With vehemence) wi"th 
desire. Bale. 
GRE EDINESS, gree'-de-nes. n.s. Ravenousness ; 
voracity ; hunger ; eagerness of appetite or desire. 
Ece/i/s. xxiii. 
GRE'EDY i, > gree / -de. a. [*peebi$. Sax.] Raven- 
ous; voracious; hungry. Psalm xvii. Eager; ve- 
iienicntlv desirous. Fairfax. 
GREEDY-GUT*, gree'-de-gut. n.s. A glutton; a 

devourer ; a belly-god. Colgrave. 

GREEKS, greek, n. s. [Grcecus, Lat.] A native of 

Greece. Gal. ii. The Greek language. Acts, xxi. 

A term applied to a merry person. Sliakspeare. 

GREEK*, greek, a. Belonging to Greece. Revel, ix. 

GRE EK1SH*. greek'-Ish. a. Peculiar to Greece. 

Milhvi. 
GRE'EKLING*, greekMing. n.s. An inferiour Greek 

writer. B. Jonson. 
GREEKRO'SE*, greek-r6ze. n.s. The flower cam- 
pion. Tate. 
GREEN §, green, a. [£n.ene, Sax.] Having a 
colour formed commonly by compounding blue and 
yellow. Bacon. Pale ; sickly. Sliak. Flourishing; 
fresh; undecayed. Dry den. New; fresh : as, a 
green wound. Sliafc. Not dry. Hooker. Not roasted; 
Tialfraw. Watts. Unripe ; immature; young. Sliak. 
GREEN, green, n. s. The green colour. Newton. A 
grassy plain. Slwik. Leaves ; branches ; wreaths. 
Dryden. 
To GREEN, green, v. a. To make green. Tlwmson. 
GREENBROOM, green'-broc-m. n.s. A shrub. 

Miller. 
GREENCLOTH, green'-klStfi. n.s. A board or 
court of justice held in the counting-house of the J 
king's household, for taking cognizance of all mat- 
ters of government and justice within the king's 
court-roval. Bacon. 
GREENCOLOURED*, green'-kul-l5rd. a. Pale ; 

sicklv. Tourneur. 
GRE ENEYED, green'-lde. 283. a. Having eyes 

coloured with green. Sliakspeare. 
GREENFINCH, green'-fmsh. n.s. A kind of bird. 

Mortimer. 
GREENFISH, green'-fish. n. s. A kind of fish. 

Ainsworth. 
CREENGA'GE^reen-gaje'. n.s. A species of plum. 
GREENGROCER*, green'-gro-sur.n. s. [green and 

grocer.'] A retailer of greens. 
GREENHOOD*, green'-hud. n.s. [green and hood.] 

A stale of immaturity ; childishness. Chaucer. 
GREENHORN*, green'-horn. n. s. A raw youth, 

easilv imposed upon. 
GREENHOUSE, green'-hSuse. n. s. A house in 
which tender plants are sheltered from the weather. 
Evelyn. 
GREENISH, greenish, a. Somewhat green ; tend- 
ing to gteen. Newton. 
GREENLY*, green'-le. a. Of a green colour. Gas- 

coigne. t 
GREENLY, green'-le. ad. With a greenish colour. 
Newly; freshly. Immaturely. Sliak. Wanly ;| 
timidly. Sliakspeare. 
GREENNESS, green'-n&s. n. s. The quality of be- 
ing green ; viridity. Sidney. Immaturity ; unripe- , 
ness. Sidney. Freshness ; vigour. South. Newness.; 
GREENROOM t, green' -r63m. n.s. A room near 
the stage, to which actors retire during the inter- 1 
vals of their parts in the play. 
GREENSICKNESS, green'-sfk-nes. n. s. The dis- 1 
ease of maids, so called from the paleness which it 
produces. Arbuthnot. 
GREENSICKNESSED* green'-sik-ngst. a. Hav- 



GREENSWARD, ) _,, , m » . 
GREENSWORd! ,\8 Mn " sward - 



ing a sickly taste. Bp. Rundle. 

GREENSTALL*, green'-stall. n 

which greens are exposed to sale. 



A stall on 



n. s. [great 

and sward.] 

The turf on which grass grows. Sliakspeare. Swift. 

GRE'ENWEED, green'-weed. n. s. Dyers' weed. 

GREENWOOD, green'-wud. n. s. A wood consia- 

ered as it appears in the spring or summer. Fairfax 

GREES*. 7i. s. A stair. See Gree and Greeze 

Keepe. 
To GREET §,. greet, v. a. [£petan, Sax.] To ad- 
dress at meeting. 1 Sam. xxv. To address in 
whatever manner. Shak. To salute in kindness 
or respect. 1 Cor. xvi. To congratulate. Spenser. 
To pay compliments at a distance. Shak. To meet, 
as those do who go to pay congratulations. Sliak. 
To GREET, greet, v.n. To meet and salute. Pope. 
To GREET*, greet, v. n. To weep ; to lament. See 

To Greit. 
GREATER, greef-un n. s. He who greets. 
GREETING, greet'-hig. n. s. • fepetin^, Sax.] 
Salutation at a meeting ; compliments at a distance. 
Sliakspeare. 
GREEZE, greeze. n. s. A flight of steps ; a step. See 

Gree, Grees, Greece, Grice, and Grise. 
GREEFIER*, gref-feer. n. s. [greffier, Fr.] A re- 
corder ; a registrar. Bp. Hall. 
GRE'GAL, gre'-gal. a. [grex, gregis, Lat.] Be- 
longing to a flock. Diet. 
GREGARIAN*, gre-ga'-re-an. a. Of the common 

sort ; ordinary. Howell. 
GREGA'RIOUS $, gre-ga'-re-fis. a. [gregarius,'Lz\.'\ 

Going in flocks or herds. Ray. 
GREGARIOUSLY*, gre-ga'-re-fis-le. ad. In a 

flock, or company. 
GREGA'RIOUSNESS*, gre-ga'-re-us-nes. n. s, 

The state of being in herds or companies. 
GREGO'RIAN* gre-gi'-re-an. a. Belonging to the 
style or method of computation, instituted by pope 
Gregorv in 1582 ; as, the Gregorian calendar. 
To GREIT*, greet, v.n. ['g-rietan, Goth.] To cry; 

to lament. Spenser. 
To GREITH*, greetfi. v. a. To prepare. See To 

Graith. 
GRE'MIAL, gre'-me-al. a. [gremium, Lat.] Per 

taining to the lap. Diet. 
GRENA/DE§, gre-nade'. n.s. [Fr. from pomum 
granatum, Lat.] A little hollow globe or ball of 
iron, about two inches in diameter, which being 
filled with fine powder, and set on fire, the case 
flies into shatters, to the damage of all that stand 
near. Harris. 
GRENADIER, grgn-a-d&r'. 275. [gren-a-deer', 
Perry and Jones : gran-a-deer 7 , Sheridan.] n. s. 
[Fr.] A tall foot-soldier, of whom there is one 
company in every regiment. Gay. 
GRENADO, gre-na'-do. 77. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 

See Grenade. 
GREUT, groot. n. s. A kind of fossil body. Grew. 
GREW, gru. The preterit of grow. Dryden. 
GREY, gra. a. [gris, Fr.] Gray. Sliak. More 

properly gray. See Gray. 

GRE YHOUND, gra/-h6fmd. n. s. [£jii$hunb, 

Sax.] A tall, fleet dog, that chases in sight. Sidney. 

GRICE, grlse. n.s. A little pig. [grys, Su. Goth.] 

A step or grees. Shak. See GreEs and Greeze. 

To GRIDE, gride, v. n. [gndare, Ital.1 To cut; to 

make way by cutting. Spenser. Ob. J. 
GRIDELIN, grld'-e-lin. a. [gris de lin, Fr.] Of a 

purplish colour. Dryden. 
GRFDIRON, grid'-l-urn. n. s. [graedda, Su. Goth.] 
A portable grate on which meat is laid to be broil- 
ed upon the fire. Spectator. 
GRIEF §, greef. 275. n. s. [grief, Fr.] Sorrow; 
trouble for something past. South. Grievance; 
harm. Sliakspeare. Pain ; disease. Shakspeare. 
GRIEEFUL* greef -ful. a. Full of sorrow or grief. 

Sackville. Ob. T. 
GRIEELESS*, greef -les. a. Sorrowless ; without 

grief. Huloet. 
GRIEFSHO'T*, greef -shot. a. Pierced with grief. 

Shakspeare. 
GRIE / VABLE*,greev / -a-bl. a. Lamentable. Gower. 
GRIEVANCE, gree'-vanse. 560. n.s. [grevance r 



GRI 



GRI 



(CP 559.— Fate, fir. fall, fat;— me. met;— pine, pfa 



old Fr.] A state of uneasiness. Shakspeare, The 

cause of uneasiness. S: 
T GRIEVE «r,Fr.l To afflict; 

to hurt. Luke, iii. To make sorrowful. Perkins. 

To lamest Rertsbv. 
T: GRIEVE ; :e in pain for some- 

thin? past : toTmoum; to sorrow, as for the death 

GRIE VER-. greeV-ftr. n.s. That which causes 
grief. H ■■ . ..:. 

GRlE VTNGLY, greev -ing-le. ad. In sorrov 
rowfullv. Shakspeare, 

GRIEVOUS;, greev -us. a. [gratis, Lat.] Afflic- 
tive : painful ; fiard to be borne. Hooker. Such as 
causes sorrow. Watts. Expressing a great degree 
of uneasiness. Clarendon. Atrocious; 
Shak. Sometimes ifced adverbially in low Ian- ! 
guage. Shakspeart. 

GRIEVOUSLY, s i. Painfully; with' 

pain. Spenser. With discontent ; with ill will. 
KnoUes. Calamitously; miserably. Hooker. Vexa- 

GR IE VOLS NESS ■ -:rrow: 

pain ; calamhv. Laian. xxi. Atroeiousness. Burton. 
GRI FFLV ) " *,. rt \n.s. [snwhus. Lat.] A 
GRI FFON . S ^ L " ! "*• 1 fabled animal, said to be ' 

generated between the lion and eagle, and to have j 1 

the bead and paws of the lion, and the wings of the [ 

eagle. Peacham. 
GRIFFONLIKE* grif-fln-like. 

griffon. Milton. 
GRIG. grig, n.s. [kricke. Bavarian.] Originally any 

thing below the natural size. A smail eel. Walton. 

A merrv creature. Sir:':. Health. Grose. 
T: GRILL, grin, r. t [gnOer, Fr.] To broil on a 

grate or gridiron. 
GRILL*, gril. a. \grm\ horridus.] Causing to shake 

through cold. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
GRILL ADZ ! n. s. Any thing broiled on 

the gridiron. 



To GRLND. grind, r. n. To perform the ad of grind 
, ing. Milton. To be moved as in the act of grind 

ing. R 
GRINDER, grind -fir. 93. n.s. One that grinds 
; Smith. The mstrunrenl of grinding. Sundys- The 
back teeth; the double teeth. Bacon. The teeth, 
in ironv or contempt. Drvden. 



GRI NDLESTuN I :ne. ) n.s. Thestone 

GRINDSTONE.grind^ne. S on which 



edged instruments are sharpened. B. Jonson. 

GRI 'NNER. grin -nor. 93. n. s. He that gri- 
:'■■;-:. 

GRI NNLNGLY. grin'-nlng-le. ad. With a grinning 
laugh. 

GRIP ;. grip. n. s. [^paep. Sax.] A little ditch, or 
trench. Ray._ 

T GRIP*, grip. r. a. To cut into ditches ; to drain. 

GRIP", grip. ?n Lat.] The fabulous 

GRIPE*, gripe. \ animal called the rriffou 

T GRIPE", gripe, v. a. [greipan, M. Goth.l To 
hold with the tingers closedr Shak. To hold hard. 
Drydeti. [gripper. Fr.] To catch eagerly : t 
Shak. To close; to clutch. Pope. To pi: 
press ; to squeeze. Spenser. To give a pain in the 
lot. To af£ Mag. 

T: GRIPE, gripe, r. n. To feel die colick J 
To pinch ; to catch at money meanly. Fell. When 
a ship runs her head too much into the wind, she 
id to gripe. 
Resembling a l| GRIPE, gripe, n.s. Grasp; hold; seizure of the 
hand or paw. Spenser. Squeeze ; pres-tir- 
den. Oppression ; crushing power. Shi 
fliction; pinching distress. Milton. [In the plural.] 
Belly-ache ; colick. Flayer. The compass or sharp- 
:f the prow or stem of a ship underwater, 
fe name of a machine formed bv an as- 
semblage of ropes, &c. used to secure the boats 
upon the deck of a ship at sea. Chambers. 

GRIPER, gri-pur. 98. n.s. Oppressor; usurer; 
extortionerT Burton. 

GRI PING*, _ . 

With pain in the 



T GRILLY. griKe. co. To harass; to hurt. 

H : \u\ 

GRIM;, grim. ■?.. [-.im. Sax.] Having a ojunte- GRI PLNGLY. gri -ping-le. ad. 

nance of terrour; horrible; hideous; frightful. guts. B 

Spenser. L'gly; ill-looking. Chapman GRI PPLE ''*. grip -pl.a. [fromgrrpe.] Gree 
GRIM-FACED*, grim -faste. a. Having a stern |j etous ; uufrelfng ; oppressive. Spenser. Grasping 

countenance. Mir-: for M _■ -:-::• fast ; tenacious. Spenser. 

GRIM-GRINNING*, grtrn -grin -sing, a. Grinning GRI PPLENESS-.grip-pl-nes, n.s. Covetcusness. 

borriblv. Shaksveare. Bp. Hall. 

GRLM-VISAGED*. grim -viz -idjd. a. Grunfhcec GRIS ' ft.] A kindof far.Oiaucer. 



Minvr for Magistrates. 
GRIMACE. gre-.T.ase . n. ?. [Fr.] A distortion of 

the countenance from habit, affectation, or inso- 
lence. S>?ttth. Air of affectation. Granville. 
GRDIA LKIN. grim-mil -kin. n. s. [gris. Fr. and 

malkin. or little Moll.'] Gray little woman; the 

name of an old eat. Pliilips. ' 
T: GRIME ;. grime, r. a. [jrryma, Icel.J To dirt ; 

i daub with filth. Shakspeare. 
GRIME s Dirt deeplv insinuated. Shak. 

GRI MLY~. grimMe. a. Having" a frightful or hide- GRI abttantsof tbemoun- 

ook. Beaumont and Fletcher. tainous parts of the Alps in Italv. Addison. 

GRIMLY, grim-ie. ad. [-r.imhce. Sax.] Horn- GRIST, grist n.s. ' — i T ^ax.J Com to be 

bly ; hideo' - v Sourly ; sullenlv. Shak. ground." Tusser. ~ •rovision. Siciii. — 

GRi MNESS, grim -nes. n.s. Horrour ; frightfulness Grist to mill, is prr: 

. Bp King. JRI STLE 

GRI Ml udv. More. cartilage. Bacon, 

T GRU*% grin. v.n. [Xpenman. Sax.] To se: GRISTLY. . Cartilaginous; made of 

the teeth together and withdraw the 1: - 

(ket. To fix the teeth as in anguish. Shakspeart. GRIT | . grit n. s. The coarse part of meal. [- - 
GRIN, grin. n.s. The act of closing the teeth and ': -a. Sax] Oats husked, or coarsely ground. Sand; 

showing them. Dryden. 
GRIN. grin. r.-. [-criyn. Sax.] A snare; a trap. 

Tt GRIND?, grind, r. a. preter. I ground; part, 
pass. groundZ [^pinban, Sax.] To reduce any 
thing to powder by friction ; to comminute by at- ; i 



GRIS- AMBER. gris -am-bflr. jus. Ambergri- 
GRISL » v - ^ale of 

steps. Shakspearc. See Grice and Grzeze. 
GRISE IT . [Fr.] The 

daughter of a tr tic 

GRI'SKIN. gris -kin. n. • _ .-rice. a. 

sv\ine.] The vertebrae of a bog. 

grisl : - Jim 

GRIS - fe :c. Sax.] Dreadful; 

horrible; hideous: -nser. 



tntion. St. Matt. xxi. To comminute by the teeth 
or grinders, Dry den. To sharpen or smooth by 
rubbing on something hard. Herbert. To rub one 
against another. Spenser. To harass; to oppress. 
9mm 



rough, hard particles, [frit. Welsh.] Greic. Grits 
are fossils found in minute masses, forming together 
a kind of powder; the several particles "of which 
are of no determinate shape, but seem the rudely 
broken fragments of larger masses : not to be dis- 
solved by water, but retaining their figure, and not 
cohering into a mass. Hill. 

GRITH*: grkA. n.s. [xpi 5. Sax.] Agreement ; 
union. The Plotcman's Tale. Ob. T. 

GRITTLNE-- « -te-nes. *.*. Sandiness; the 
quality of abounding in grit Mortimer. 



GRO 



GRO 



— no. move, nor. nit ; — tube, t6b, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound ; — thin, thj 



i - ill of hard particles ; con- 

tori. 
> B -zl-lln. See Gridelix. Temple. 
-zl. 405. n.s. [-ns.rule.Fr.] A 
while and black : grav. Siuikspeare. 
GRIZZLED, griz-zTd. Cv..:. Interspersed with 

:ie. a. Somewhat gray. Bacon. 
7" liKOAN . c a"' ne. 295 _- . .." .: ... - 

reathe with a hoarse noise, as in pain or ago- 

-. Breath expired with nc - 

.oaxse, dead sound. Shak. 
ANFUL. groae -nil. a. Sad; agonizing. Spen- 

g. «. 5. Lamentation ; com- 
nt on account of agony or pain. Psaim cii. [In 
hunting. ] The crv or noise of a buck. Chambers. 

M. Dutch] A piece 
valued at Your pence. Fidke. A proverbial name 
Shakspeare. 
rs. s - \~ '" - -"-"• Sax.] 

off. 
ATSWORTHP - -wurtfi. n. s. The 

of a groat. Shencood. 

~ivc. 93. n.s. [from gross, a large 
quantity.] A man who buys and sells tea. sugar, 
.urns and spices. Wt 

j observe*, that this Word ought to be writ- 
ten grosser, as originally beiof one who dealt by the 
or wholesale. There is not, however, he observes, 
much chance that grocer will give .place to grosser : 
especially, as they no longer engross merchandise of all 
iasst upon dealing in the gross alone. The 
other derivation of this word, from grossus, a fig, is not 
worth notice 

» -sur-e. n.s. Grocers" ware, such 
». Clarendon. 
■ :!>g. n. ?. [in the language of seamen.] 
iter, or anv spirit : ok. 

. Rather overflown with 

-M.) Cn. s. [gros, « 

:. >grog-rurn.-< Fr.] Stuff woven 

-oughpile. Donne. 

s^ein. Goth, and Icel.] The 
ext above Ihe toi. 

:~oin de porceau. Fr.] The 

-.groin, r.n. See To Groax. To 

gn: cer. 

:-!. n. s. Gromill or gray- 
liler. 

[grom. Teut.] A boy; a 



with a large woof 



waiter; a servant, tapensex. 



A voung ma:. 



fax. A man newlv married. Drvden. 

gr&v. v. a. [-7/apan. Sax.] To 
cut hollow. 8 
GROOVE. giMv - . n. ?. A deep cavern, or hollow in 
mines. B :. A channel or hollow, cut with a 
tool. M 
GRO OVER'. gittv -fir. n.*. A miner. Grose. 
T- GROPE ;' . gripe, v. n. fcpapian, Sax.] To tee! 

where one cann: 'ix. 

Ti GROPE, grope, r. a. To search by feeling in 

the dark. Goicer. 
GRO PER. gr6 -p&r. n.s. One that searches in the 

•cod. 
GROSS;, grOse. 162. a. [gros, Fr. grosso. Ital.] 
^y. Shak. Shameful ; unseemly ; enor- 
mous. Hooker. Intellectually coarse; palpable; 
impure; unrennei Shak. melegamtj spropor- 
tionate in bulk. T^wmson. Dense ; not refined ; 
not pure. Bacon. Stupid ; dull. Milton. Coarse ; 
rough; not ' Wbtton. Thick; fat ; bulky, 

le ; having no deduction or abatement ; 
Large; aggregate. Milton. 
Heavy : oppressive. Dr. 

J^r This word i; irregular from a vanity of imitating the 
French. In Scotland, tbev pronounce this word regu- 
56 



larly. so as to rhyme with mass. Pope also rhymes it 
with this word. 

- :1 only man be taken in the gross ? 
j.r.1 hut as many sorts or" minds as moss.'' 
This, however, must be looked upon ts a poetical li- 
for the sound seems now irre* .icably fixed as it 
is marked, rhyming with jocose, verbose, &o. If. 

s. The main body ; the main 

j foro. The bulk ; the whole not 

\ into its several parts. Hooker. Not individual ; but 

a be _ <hak. The chief part ; the main 

mass." Bacon. The number of twelve dozen 

[grossw. Fr.] i 

se'-bed-ed. a. Stupid; 
dull : thick-sculled. Stilton. 

-le. ad. Bulkily ; in bulky parts ; 
coar^ £ Witijout subtilty; without art; 

without delicacy ; coarsely; palpably. Hooker. 

- -riess; thick- 
ness . . at fatness; unwieldy 
corpulence. . Want of refinement; want 
ofdehcacv. Sha.~:speare. 
GROT _ _ . grotto, Jtal.] A cave: 

a cavern rbr ccolness and pleasure. Gregory. 
GROTESQ 7 "J: . . - '."■'.-'- r::offig- 

GROTE SQUE~. _r:G-'- - . 

painter or engraver. Wotttm, 
GROTESQUELY In a wild, fan- 

- :?.l manner. Hdbei..' J^ath, 

. .:. [Ital.] A" cavern for cool- 

r e is c 
GROTTO, gro: : -;6. n.s. A cavern or cave made 

for coolness. Drvden. 
GROLT^D 5. ground. 31o. ;---.v: jb,Sax.l The 

i earth, considerec 

xv. The earth, as distinguished from air or water. 

! Jeremiah. Land; cou. fl 

territory-. Milton. EsU 
Land occupied. Prior. The floor or level of the 
place. - 8 :.. Depth; boUom. I Fet 
Dregs ; lee s The rirst str? 

paint, upon which the figures are afterwards paint- 
ed. Haieicul. The fundamental substance: that 
» by which the additional or accidental parts are sup- 
ported. Coicleu. The plain song : the tune on 
| whic. PS ;: ..—. \ ±:y. 

traces of an invention. Dnden. The first princi- 
ples of knowledge. Hammond. The fundamental 
cause ERu e i or place of action. Dan- 

; ace occupied by an army as they fight, 
advance, or retire » space 

between the flyer and pursuer. Miton. The state 
in which one is with respect to opponents cr com- 
petitors. Atterbury. State of progress or recession. 
Temple. The foil to set a thing off. Shakspeare. 
Formerly the pit of a play-house." B. J 
To GROUND, ground, v. a. To place or set in the 
ground. Spenser. To fix on the ground. Addison. 
.sad. as upon cause or principle. Hooker. To 
setde in first principles or rudiments of knowledge. 
Eph. iii. 
GROUND, ground. The preterit and part. pass. 

nd. 
GROUND-ASH. ground-ash', n.s. A sapling of ash 

taken from the ground. Drvden. 
GROUND-BAIT, ground -bate. u. s. A bait made 
t of barlev or malt boiled, thrown where you angle 

tt" •-.-; 

GROUND-FLOOR, ground -flfire I he icwer 

part of a house. 

GROUND-IVY. ground-i -ve. n. s. Alehoof. or tun- 
hoof. Temple. 

GROUND-PEN E. r - \ •'-:.:. H'\ 

GROUND-PLATE, ground -plate, n.s. [In archi- 
tecture.] The outermost pieces of timber I; 
or near the ground, and tramed into one another 
with mortises and ten 

GROU7ND-PLOT. ground -plot. n.s. 1 
on which any building is placed. Sidney. 
ichnographv of a building. Johnson. 

GROUND-RENT, ground -rejit. n.s. Rent paid lor 



GRO 



GRU 



Q~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



the privilege of building- on another man's ground. 
Arbuthnot. 
GROUND-ROOM, gr6und'-r66m. re. s. A room on 

the level with the ground. Tatkr. 
GROUND-TACKLE*, gr6find'-lak-kl. re. s. The 
anchor, cables, and whatsoever else is necessary, 
to make the ship ride safe at anchor. 
GRO'UNDAGE*, gr6und'-idje. n. s. A custom, or 
tribute, paid for the standing of a ship in port. 
Bloimt. 
GRO'UNDEDLY, gr6und'-ed-le. ad. Upon firm 

principles. Bale. 
GROUNDLESS, ground'-les. a. Void of reason ; 

wanting ground. Prior. 
GRO'UNDLESSLY, grSund'-les-le. ad. Without 

reason; without cause. More. 
GROUNDLESSNESS, ground'-les-nes. n.s. Want 

of just reason. Tillolson. 
GROUNDLING, groundling, n.s. A fish which 
keeps at the bottom of the water : hence one of the 
vulgar. Shakspeare. 
GRO'UNDLY, gr6und'-le. ad. Upon principles; 

solidly. Aschani. Ob. J. 
GRO'UNDSEL, gr6un'-sil. re. s. fcnunb and r ile, 
Sax.] The timber or raised pavement next the 
ground. Moxon. 
GRO'UNDSEL, groun'-sll. re. s. A plant. Barret. 
GROUND WORK, ground'-wOrk. re. s. The ground ; 
the first stratum. Dryden. The first part of an un- 
dertaking ; the fundamentals. Milton. First prin- 
ciple ; original reason. Spenser. 
GROUP §. groop. 315. n. s. [grouppe, Fr.] A cluster; 
a collection ; a number thronged together. Dryden. 
To GROUP, gr56p. v. a. To put into a distinct or 

separate collection. Prior. 
GROUSE, grouse. 313. n.s. A kind of fowl; a heath- 
cock. Swift. 
GROUT, grout. 313. re. s. [£p.ute, Sax.] Coarse 
meal ; pollard. King. That which purges off. 
Warner. A kind of wild apple. [In building.] A 
very thin, coarse mortar. 
GRO'UTNOL*. See Growthead. 
GROVE §. grove, n.s. [^jioue, Sax.] A small 

wood, or place set with trees. Shakspeare. 

To GROVEL §, grov'-vl. 102. v.n. [gruva, IceL] 

To lie prone ; to creep low on the ground. 

Spenser. To be mean ; or without dignity. Dryden. 

GRO'VELLER*, grov'-vl-lur. n. s. A person of a 

low, mean disposition. Slienstor/s. 
GRG'VY*, gr6'-ve. a. Belonging to groves, thickets, 

woods ; also, frequenting groves. Cotgrave. 
To GROW§, gro. 324. r. re. preter. grew, part. pass. 
grown, [gnopan, Sax.] To vegetate; to have veg- 
etable motion ; to increase by vegetation. Psalm civ. 
To be produced by vegetation. Abbot. To shoot 
in any particular form. Di-yden. To increase in 
stature. 2 Sum. xii. To come to manhood from 
infancy. Bacon. To issue, as plants from a soil. 
Dryden. To increase in bulk; to become greater. 
Bacon. To improve ; to make progress. 2 Peter, 
iii. To advance to any state. Bacon. To come 
by degrees. Rogers. To come forward ; to gather 
ground. Spenser. To be changed from one state 
to another ; to become either better or worse. Shak. 
To proceed as from a cause. Hooker. To accrue ; 
to be forthcoming. Shak. To adhere ; to stick to- 
gether. Walton. To swell : a sea term. Raleigh. 
The general idea given by this word is procession 
or passage from one state to another. It is always 
change, Dut not always increase; for a thing may 
grow less, as well as grain greater. 
To GROW*, gr6. v. a. To cause to grow. Campbell. 

An agricultural term. 
GRO'WER, grd'-fir. 98. n. s. An increaser. Morti- 
mer. A considerable farmer. 
GROWING*, gr6 / -lng. re. s. Vegetation. Wisdom, 

xvi. Progression of time. Shakspeare. 
To GROWL $, grdul. 323. v.n. [gra//ere,Flem.] To 
snarl like an angry cur. Ellis. To murmur ; to 
grumble. Gay. 
To GROWL*, gr6ul. v. a. To signify or express by 
growling. Thomson. 



GROWL*, grdfil. n. s. The murmur of an angry 

cur ; or of a discontented person. 
GROWN, grone. The part. pass, of grow. Advanced 
in growth. Covered or filled by the growth of any 
thing. Prov. xxiv. Arrived at full growth or stat- 
ure. Locke. Become prevalent. Locke. 
To GROWSE*, gr6uze. v.n. [a^pir-an, Sax.] To 
shiver; to shudder; to be chill before an ague fit. 
Ray. 
GROWTH, grbth. 324. re. s. Vegetation ; vegetable 
life. Dryden. Product; thing produced. Milton. 
Increase in number, bulk, or frequency. Temple 
Increase of stature; advance to maturity. Denham. 
Improvement; advancement. Hooker. 
GRO'WTHEAD, gr6te'-hed. ? n. s. [from gross or 
GRO'WTNOL, grote'-uol $ great liead.] A kind 
of fish. Ainsworth. An idle, lazy fellow ; a block- 
head. Tusser. 
To GRUB §, grub. v. a. [gi iban, preter. grub, to dig, 
Goth.] To dig up ; to destroy by digging ; to root 
out ofthe ground. Dryden. 
GRUB, grub. re. s. [from grubbing, or mining.] A 
small worm that eats holes in "bodies. Sluxk. A 
short, thick man ; a dwarf. Carew. 
GRUB-AXE*, grub'-aks. re. 5. A tool used in grub- 
bing up weeds, and the like. 
GRU'BBER*, grfib'-bur. re. s. One who grubs up 

underwood. 
To GRU'BBLE, grfib'-bl. 4-05. u. a. [grubelen, 

Germ.] To feel in the dark. Dryden. 
To GRU'BBLE* See To Grabble. 
GRU'BSTREET, grub '-street, re. 5. Originally the 
name of a street near Moor-fields in London, much 
inhabited by writers of small histories, dictionaries, 
and temporary poems ; whence any mean produc- 
tion is called grubstreet. Gay. 
To GRUDGE^, grudje. v. a. [grouchier, old Fr.] 
To envy ; to see anv advantage of another with 
discontent. Sidney. To give or take unwillingly. 
Dryden. 
To GRUDGE, grudje. v. re. To murmur ; to repine. 
Hooker. To be unwilling ; to be reluctant. Dry- 
den. To be envious. James, v. To feel compunc- 
tion; to grieve. Bp. Fisher. To wish in secret. 
Dryden. To give or have any unea'.y remains. 
GRUDGE, grudje. re. s. Old quarrel ; inveterate ma- 
levolence. Sidney. Anger; ill-will. Swift. Un- 
willingness to benefit. B. Jonson. Envy; odium; 
invidious censure. Remorse of conscience. Ains- 
worth. Some little commotion, or forerunner of a 
disease. Ainsworth. 
GRU'DGEONS*,grudje'-unz. n.s. pi. [gruger, Fi .] 
Coarse meal ; the part of corn which remains after 
the fine meal has passed the sieve. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. See Gurgion. 
GRU'DGER*, grud'-jfir. re. s. A murmurer. Wic- 

liffe. 
GRU'DGING* grud'-jing. re.*. Discontent; envy 
at the prosperity of others. South. Reluctance ; 
unwillingness. 1 Peter, iv. A secret wish or de- 
'sire. Dryden. A forerunner or symptom of dis- 
ease. Dr. Jackson. 
GRU'DGINGLY, grud'-jfng-le. ad. Unwillingly j 

malignantly; reluctantly. 2 Cor. ix. 
GRU'EL, gru'-il. 99. re. s. [gruelle, Fr.] Food made 

by boiling oatmeal in water. Shakspeare. 
GRUFF §, gruf. a. [groff, Dutch.] Sour of aspect ; 

harsh of manners. Garth. 
GRU'FFLY, gruF-le. ad. Harshly; ruggedly. Dryden. 
GRU'FFNESS, gruf -nes. re. s. Ruggedness of mien ; 

harshness of look or voice. Smalndge. 
GRUM, grtim. a. Sour; surly; severe. Arbuthnot. 
To GROMBLE §, grum'-bl. 405. 1;. re. [gromelen, 
old Fr.] To murmur with discontent. Sfiak. To 
growl ; to gnarl. Dryden. To make a hoarse rat- 
tle. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
GRU'MBLER, grum'-bl-ur. re. 5. One that grumbles; 

a murmurer. Swift. 
GRU'MBLING, grum'-bl -fng. re. s. A murmuring 

through discontent. Shakspeare. 
GRU'MBLINGLY*, gr6m'-bl-lng-le.arf. Discontent- 
edly ; sourly. In a. hoarse manner. Brown. 
442 






GUA 



GUE 



-116, move, n6r, n6t j — tvibe, tflb, bflllj — 611;— p6find;— th\n, THis. 



GRUMES, gr66m. 339. n. s. [grumeou, Fr. ; gru- 
mus. Lat.] A thick, viscid consistence of a fluid. 

Qui tic 1/. 
GRU'MLY, gr&m'-le. ad. [from gnan.] Sullenly; 

morosely. 

G1U MOUS, gr66'-mus. 339. a. [from grume.] 
Thick ; clotted. Arbuthnot. 

GRU MOUSNESS, groo'-mUs-nes. n. s. Thickness 
of a coagulated liquor. Wiseman. 

GRU'NDEL* grun'-del. n. s. The fish called a 
groundling 

GRU'NSEL, grQn'-sil. 99. n. s. [usaaWy groundsel.] 
The lower part of the building. Milton. 

To GRUNT §, grunt. ? v. n. [grunnio, 

!*GRU'NTLE$,gr&nt / -ll.405. \ Lat.] To mur- 
mur like a hog. Sluik. To groan. SliolcsjKare. 

GRUNT, grtint. n. s. The noise of a hog. Chapman. 
A groan. Turberville. 

GRU'NTER, grfin'-tur. 98. n. s. He that grunts. A 
kind offish. Ainsworth. 

GRUNTING*, grfint'-ing. n. s. The noise of swine. 
Gay. 

GRU'NTINGLY*, gr&nt'-mg-le. ad. Murmuringly; 
mutteringly. Sherwood. 

GRU'NTLING, grunt'-lmg. n.s. A young hog. 

ToGRUTCH§, grfiish. v.n. [is the oldest form of 
our word grudge.] To envy ; to repine. Wicliffe. 

GRUTCH, gi-Qtsh. n. s. Malice J ill-will. Hudibras. 

GRY, grl. n. s. [ypv.] A thing of little or no value. 
Locke. 

GRYPHON*. See Griffin. 

GRYTH*. SeeGRiTH. 

GUATACUM, gwa'-ya-kflm. 340. n.s. A medicinal 
wood. Hill. 

GUARANTE'E §, gar-ran-te', 332. n. s. [guarant, 
Fr.] A power who undertakes to see stipulations 
performed. South. Engagement to secure the per- 
lbrmance of articles. Lord Bolingbroke. 

To GUA'RANTY, gaV-ran-te. 92. v. a. [guarantir, 
Fr.] To undertake to secure the performance of 
am - articles. Lord Chesterfield. 

To GUARDS gyard. 92, 160, v. a. \warda, or gar- 
da. low Lat.] To watch by way of defence or secu- 
rity. Milton. To protect ; to defend. Waller. To 
preserve by caution. Addison. To provide against 
objections. Broome. To adorn with lists, laces, or 
ornamental borders. Shak. To gird ; to fasten by 
binding. B. Jonson. 

To GUARD, gyard. 332. r. n. To be in a state of 
caution or defence. Collier. 

GUARD, gyard. 92. n.s. [garde, Fr. ; ward,Teut.] 
A man, or body of men, whose business is to watch 
bv way of defence. 1 Kings, xiv. A state of cau- 
tion, or vigilance. Davies. Limitation; anticipa- 
tion of objection. Atterbunj. An ornamental hem, 
lace, or border. Shak. Part of the hilt of a sword. 
[In fencing.] A posture to defend the body. Any 
thing that protects or guards. 

§5= This word is pronounced exactly like the noun yard, 
preceded by hard g, nearly as egg-yard. The same 
sound of y consonant is observable between hard g and 
a, in other words. Nor is this a fanciful peculiarity, 
but a pronunciation arising from euphony and the anal- 
ogy of the language. 160. TV. 

GUARD-BOAT*, gyard'-bfjte. n. s. A boat appoint- 
ed to observe ships laid up in the harbour. 

GUARD-CHAMBER*, gyard'-tshame'-bfir. n.s. A 
guard-room. 1 Kings, xiv. 

GUARD-ROOM*, gyard'-roOm. n. s. A room in 
which those, who are appointed to watch, assemble. 
Malcme. 
GUARD-SHIP. See Guardship. 

GUA'RDABLE*. gyar'-da-bl. a. Capable of being 

protected. Sir R. Williams. 
GUA RDAGE, gyar'-da^e. 90. n. s. State of ward- 
ship. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
GUA'RDANT*, gyar'-dant. Old part, of guard. Ex- 
ercising the authority of a guardian. Shak. [In 
heraldry.] Having the face turned towards the 



spectator ; as, a leopard guardant. 



GUA'RDANT* gyar'-dant. n. s. A guardian. Shak. 
Ob.T. 



GUARDEDLY*, gyard'-ed-le. ad. Cautiously 

Sheridan. 
GUA'RDEDNESS*, gyard'-ed-nes. n. s. Caution 

wariness. 
GUA'RDER, gyar'-dfir. 98. n. s. One who guards 

Sandys. 
GUA'RDFUL*, gyard'-rul. a. Wary ; cautious. A 

Hill. 
GUARDIAN, gyar'-de-an, or gyar'-je-an. 293, 294, 

376. n. s. [gardien, Fr.] One that has the care of 

an orphan. Shak. One to whom the care and pre- 
servation of any thing is committed. Waterlana. A 

repository or storehouse. Shakspeare. 
GUARDIAN of the Spiritualties. He to whom the 

spiritual jurisdiction of any diocess is committed, 

during the vacancy of the see. Cowel. 
GUA'RDIAN, gyar'-de-an. 293, 376. a. Performing 

the office of a kind protector or superintendent. 

Dryden. 
GUA'RDIANESS*, gyar'-de-an-es. n. s. A female 

guardian. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
GUARDIANSHIP, gyar'-de-an-ship. n.s. The of 

fice of a guardian. Kettlewell. 
GU'ARDLESS, gyard'-les. a. Without defence 

Waller. 
GUA'RDSHIP, gyard'-shfp. n. s. Care ; protection 

Swift. A king's ship to guard the coast. 
To GUATJSH*. v. a. [guerir, Fr.] To heal. Spen 

ser. Ob. T. 
GUARY-MIRACLE*, gwa'-re-nuV-a-kl. n. s 

[gicare-mirkl, Corn.] A miracle-play. Carew. 
GUAIA'VA, gwa-a/-va. ) n. s. An American fruit 
GUA'VA, gwa'-va. S Miller. 
To GUBE'RNATE $*, gu-bfir'-nate. v. a. [guberno, 

LatJ To govern. Cockeram. 
GUBERNA'TION, gvi-ber-na'-shun. n. s. Govern 

ment; superintendency. Watts. 
GUBE'RNATIVE*, gia-beV-na-tiv. a. Governing 

Chaucer. 
GU'DGEON, gfid'-jan. 259. n. s. [goujon, Fr.] A 

small fish found in'brooks and rivers" easily caught. 

Pope. A man easily cheated. Sicift. Something 

to be caught to a man's own disadvantage ; a bait 

Shak. An iron pin on which a wheel turns. Sprat. 
GUELDER-ROSE*. See Gelder-rose. 
GUELFS*, gweh's. n. s. pi. The name of a faction 

in Italy, formerly opposed to that of the Gibellines 

Addison. 
GUE'RDON §, geV-cran. 166, 560. re. s. [Fr.] A re 

ward ; a recompense. Spenser. Rarely used. 

95= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the first syllable 
of this word, which he spells gwer. I have made the u 
mute, as in guess, not only a~s agreeable to the French 

fucrduv, but to our own analogy. The authority of 
Ir. Xares con (inns me in my opinion. W 

To GUE'RDON*, ger'-dun. v. a. To reward. B. 
Jonson. Ob. T. 

GUE'RDONABLE*, geV-dfin-a-bl. a. Worthy of 
reward. Sir G. Buck. Ob. T. 

GUE'RDONLESS*, ger'-dfin-les. a. Unrewarded 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

To GUESS §, ges. 336. 0. n. [ghissen, Dutch ; gissm, 
Germ.] To conjecture ; to judge without any cer 
tain principles of judgement. Raleigh. To conjee 
ture upon some just reason. Stillingfleet. 

To GUESS, ges. v. a. To hit upon by accident. 
Locke. 

GUESS, ges. 560. n.s. Conjecture; judgement with- 
out any positive or certain grounds. Shakspeare. 

GUE'SSER, geV-sfir. n. s. Conjecturer ; one who 
judges without certain knowledge. Pope. 

GUE^SSINGLY, ges'-slng-le. ad. Conjecturally 5 
uncertainly. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

GUEST $, gest. 336. n. s. [£a r t, £e r t , £rrfc, Sax.] 
One entertained in the house or at the table of an- 
other. St. Luke, xix. A stranger; one who comes 
newly to reside. Sidney. 

GUE'STCHAMBER, g£st'-tshame-bur. n. s. Cham 
ber of entertainment. St. Mark, xiv. 

GUE'STRITE, gest'-rlte. n.s. Offices due to a 
guest. Chapman. 

443 



GUI 



GUL 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin; 



GUEST- WISE* g&t'-wlze. ad. In the manner of a 
guest. Sha/cspeare. 

To GU'GGLE, gfig'-gl. 405. v. n. [gorgoglaire 
Ital.] To sound as water running with intermissions 
out of a narrow mouthed vessel. 

GULVCUM t, gwe-a/-kfim. n. s. An improper spelling 
and pronunciation of guaiaeum, which see. 

GUFDABLE*, gyl'-da-bl. a. That may be governed 
bv counsel Sprat. 

GUFDAGE, gyl'-dije. 90. n. s. The reward given 
to a guide. Ainsworth. 

GUPDANCE, gyl'-danse. n. s. Direction; govern- 
ment. Spenser. 

To GUIDE §, gylde. 160. v. a. [guider, Fr.] To di- 
rect in a way. St. John, xvi. To influence. Ket- 
tlewell. To govern by counsel ; to instruct. Psalm, 
xxxi. To regulate ; to superintend. Decay of Piety. 

GUIDE, gylde. n. s. [guide, Fr.] One who directs 
another in his way. Wisd. xviii. One who directs 
another in his conduct. Waller. Director; regu- 
lator. Hooker. 

95= As the g is hard in this word and its compounds, it is 
not easy to spell them as they are pronounced ; y must 
be considered as double e, and must articulate the suc- 
ceeding vowel as much as in yield.— See Guard. W. 

GUFDELESS, gylde'-l^s. a. Having no guide; 
wanting a governour. Dn/den. 

GUFDEPOST*, gylde'-post. n. s. A post, where 
two or more roads meet, directing the traveller 
which to h\\o\\. Burke. 

GUFDER, gyi'-dfir. 98. n. s. Director; regulator; 
guide. Shakspeire. Ob. J. 

GUFDERESS*, gyide'-res. n. s. She who guides or I 
directs. Caxton. Ob. T. 

G TJI'DON, gyl'-dfin. n. s. [Fr.] A standardbearer ; 
a standard. Ashmole. Ob. J. 

GUILD $ 7 _g?Id. 341. n. s. [£ilb, Sax.] A society; a 
corporation; a fraternity. Cowel. A town-hall. 
Spenser. 

GUFLDABLE*, glld'-a-bl. a. Liable to tax. Spel- 
man. 

GUILDHA'LL*, gfld'-hill. n. s. The hall in which 
a corporation usually assembles; a town-hall. Shak. 

GUILE$, gyile. 341. n. s. [guille, gille, old Fr.] De- 
ceitful cunning ; insidious artifice. Sj>enser. 

To GUILE*, gylle. v. a. [guiller, Fr.] To disguise 
cunningly; to conceal. Spenser. 

GUFLED^gyi'-led. a. Treacherous; deceiving. Shale. 

GUFLEFUL, gyile'-ful. a. Wily; insidious; mis- 
chievously artful. Hooker. Treacherous; secretly 
mischievous. Shakspeare. 

GUFLEFULLY, gylle'-ful-e. ad. Insidiously; 
treacherously. Hakewill. 

GUI'LEFULNESS, gylle'-ffil-nes. n. s. Secret 
treachery; tricking cunning. Sherwood. 

GUFLELESS, gylle'-les. a. Free from deceit; void 
of insidiousness ; simply honest. Thomson. 

GUI'LELESSNESS*, gylleM&-nes. n. s. Freedom 
from deceit ; pure honesty and innocence. 

GUFLER, gylle'-fir. n. s. A deceiver ; one that be- 
trays into danger by insidious practices. Wicliffe. 

GUILLOTINE*, gil-16-teen'. n. s. [Fr. Said to 
be the invention of one Dr. Guillotine, at the early 
part of the French democratical revolution, viz. in 
1792, who himself suffered under the machine.] A 
machine for separating, at one stroke, the head of 
a person from the body. Burke. 

To GUILLOTFNE*, gll-16-teen'. v. a. To decapi- 
tate by the guillotine. Bp. Watson. 

GUILTS, gilt. 341. n. s. [Syifc, Sax/J The state of a 
man justly charged with a crime. Bacon. A crime; 
an offence. Shakspeare. 

OCT It is observed in Principles, No. 92, that, when g 
comes before short a, the sound of e so necessarily inter- 
venes, that we cannot pronounce these letters without 
it ; but that, when the a is long, as in regard, we may 
pronounce these two letters without the intervention of 
e, but that this pronunciation is not the most elegant.— 
The same may be observed of the g hard, and the long 
and short i. We may pronounce guide and guile near- 
ly as if written egg-ide and egg-ile, though not so 
properly as egg-yide and egg-yile ; but guild and 



guilt must necessarily admit of the e sound between 
hard g and i, or we cannot pronounce them. W. 

GUILT-SICK*, gflt'-slk. a. Diseased by guilt. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

GUILTILY, g'ttt'-e-te. ad. Without innocence. 
Sluikspeare. 

GUFLTINESS, gflt'-e-ngs. n. s. The state of being 
guilty; consciousness of crime. Sidney. 

GUFLTLESS, guY-les. a. Innocent; free from 
crime. Sliak. Unpolluted. Milton. Having no 
experience. Pope. 

GUFLTLESSLY, gnY-les-le. ad. Without guilt ; 
innocently. 

GUFLTLESSNESS, giltM&s-nes. n.s. Innocence 
freedom from crime. Sidney. 

GUFLTY^gflt'-te.a. [Sylci^Sax.] Justly charge- 
able with a crime ; not innocent. Gen. xlii. Wick- 
ed ; corrupt. Thomson. Conscious. B. Jonson. 

GUILTY-LIKE*, gllMe-llke. ad. Guiltily. Shak. 

GUFMPLE*. See Wimple. 

GUFNEAS, gln'-ne. 341. n. s. [from Guinea, a coun- 
try in Africa abounding with gold.] A gold coin 
valued at twenty-one shillings. Locke. 

GUFlNEADROPPER, gln'-ne-dr&p'-pfir. n. s. One 



who cheats by dropping guineas. Gay. 
GUFNEAHEN^m'-ne-hen. n. s. A fowl, supposed 

A plant. 



to be of Guinea. 
GUFNEAPEPPER, gfn'-ne-pep'-pfir. n. 

Miller. 
GUFNEAPIG, gm'-ne-pfg. n.s. A small animal 

with a pig's snout. 
GUFNIAD*. n.s. [gwyn, Welsh.] The fish called 

whiting. 
GUISE $, gylze. 160, 341. n. s. [guise, Fr.] Manner ; 
mien ; habit. Spenser. Practice ; custom ; proper- 
ty. Chapman. External appearance ; dress. Tem- 
ple. 
GUFSER*, gyr-zfir, n. s. [from guise, dress.] Mum- 
mers, who go about at Christmas ; persons in dis- 
guise. 

GUITA'R, glt-tar'. 341. n.s. [ghitara, Ital.] A 

stringed instrument of musick. Prior. 
To GULCH §*,gfilsh. v.n. [gulsigh, Teut.] To swal- 
low voraciously. Turberville. 

GULCH, gfilsh. I n.s. A glutton. B. Jonson. 

GU'LCHIN, gfil'-tshfn. ] The act of devouring. 
Echard. 

GULES, gfilz. a. [gueule, Fr.] Red : a barbarous 
term of heraldry. Shakspeare. 

GULF§, gulf. n. s. [golfo, Ital.] A bay; an opening 
into land. Knolles. An abyss ; an unmeasurable 
depth. Spenser. A whirlpool ; a sucking eddy. 
Shakspeare. Any thing insatiable. Shakspeare. 

GU'LFY, guF-fe. a. Full of gulfs or whirlpools. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 

To GULL $, gfil. v. a. [guiller, old Fr.] To trick ; to 
cheat ; to defraud ; to deceive. Shakspeare. 

GULL, gfil. n.s. A cheat ; a fraud ; a trick. Shak 
A stupid animal ; one easily cheated. Milton. A 
sea-bird. Shakspeare. 

GU'LLCATCHER, gfil'-katsh-fir. n.s. A cheat; a 
man of trick. Shakspeare. 

GU'LLER, gfil'-lur. 98. n. s. A cheat; an impostor 
Sherwood. 

GU'LLERY, gtil'-lfir-e. n. s. Cheat; imposture 
Burton. 

GU'LLE^gfil'-lft. 99. n.s. [goulet,Fr.] The throat; 
the oesophagus. Denham. A. small stream or lake. 
Heylin. 

GULLIBILITY*, gfil-le-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Credulity. 

GU'LLIGUT^gfiF-le-gfit. n. s. [gulo, Lat.] A glut- 
ton. Barret. 

GU'LLISH*, gfilMJsh. a. Foolish; stupid; absurd. 
Burton. 

GU'LLISHNESS*, gfil -llsh-nes. n.s. Foolishness 5 
stupidity. Tr. ofBoccalini. 

To GU'LLYS, gfil'-le. v. n. [corrupted from gurgle.] 
To run with noise. 

GU'LLY*, gfil'-le. n. s. [goulet, Fr.] A sort of ditch. 
Hawkesworth. 

GU'LLYHOLE, gfil'-le-hole. n. s. The hole where 
444 



GUS 



GYM 



-no, move, n6r, not ;— tibe, tftb, bflll ; — oil ;— pfifind ;— thin, Tuis. 



the gutters empty tliemselves in the subterraneous 

Gl I.OSITY. gii-liV-e-uV n. s. [gulosus, Lat.] 

Greediness; gluttony; voracity. Brown. 
To GULP$,gulp. v. a. [go/pen, t)utch.] To swallow 

eagerly ; to suck down without intermiss'on. Gay. 
GUI -1*. g&lp. «. s. As much as can be swallowed at 

once. Sere, 
GULPH*. See Golf. 

GUM$, gum. n. s. [gummi, Lat.] A vegetable sub- 
stance differing from a resin, in being more viscid, 

and generally dissolving in aqueous menstruums. 

Quincy The fleshy covering that contains the 

(eelh. [^oma, Sax.] Shakspeai-e. 
To GUM, "gum. v. a. To close with gum. Wiseman. 

To adorn with gums or essences. B. Jonson. 
G.U'MMiNESS, giW-me-nCs. n. s. The state of be- 

iiigjrummv; accumulation of gum. Wiseman. 
GUMMO'SfTY.gum-mds'-se-te. n.s. The nature of 

gum ; gumminess. Flayer. 
GU'MMOUS, gfim'-mfts. 314. a. Of the nature of 

gum. Woodward. 
GU'MMY, gom'-me. a. Consisting of gum ; of the 

nature of gum. Raleigh. Productive of gum. Mil- 
tor,. Overgrown with gum. Dryden. 
GV \ MPTION* gnmp'-shun. n.s. fcuman, Sax.] 

Understanding; skill. Pegge. 
GUN$, gun. n.s. [gyn, an engine.] The general 

name for fire-arms; the instrument from which shot 

is discharged by fire. Shakspeare. 
To GUN*, gun. v. n. To perform the act of shooting 

with a gun. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
GU/NARCHY*. See Gynarchy. 
GUTMNEL, gun'-nll. 99. n. s. See Gunwale. 
GU'NKER, gfin'-nfir. 98. n. s. Cannoneer ; he whose 

employment is to manage the artillery in a ship. 

Sitak. One who shoots. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
GU'NNERY, gun'-nur-e. n. s. The science of artille- 
ry -, the art of managing cannon. 
GUNO CRACY*. See Gyn^eocracy. 
GU'NPOWDER, gun'-pdfi-dur. n.s. The powder 

put into guns to be fired. Broum. 
GUNROOM*, gun'-rSom. n.s. The place, on board 

a ship, where arms are deposited. 
GUNSHOT, gun'-shot. n. s. The reach or range of 

a gun ; the space to which a shot can be thrown. 

Dryden. 
GUNSHOT, gfin'-sh&t. a. Made by the shot of a gun. 

Wiseman. 
GUNSMITH, gim'-smllh. n. s. A man whose trade 

is to make guns. Mortimer. 
GU'NSTICK, gun'-stlk. n. s. The rammer, or stick 

with which the charge is driven into a gun. Stuart. 
GU'NSTOCK, gtW-stok. n. s. The wood to which 

th'e barrel of the gun is fixed. Mortimer. 
GU NSTONE, gun'-stone. n. s. The shot of cannon. 

Shakspeare. 
GU'NWALE, or GU'NNEL of a Ship, gun'-nll. 

n. s. That piece of timber which reaches on either 

side of the ship from the half-deck to the forecastle : 

this is called the gujiicale, whether there be guns in 

the ship or not : and the lower part of any port. 

where any ordnance are, is also termed the gun- 

v:ale. Harris. 
GURGE§, gurje. n.s. [gurges, Lat.] Whirlpool; 

gulf. Milton. 
To GURGE*, giuje. v. a. To swallow up. Mirror 

for Magistrates. Ob. T. 
GU'RGION, gar'-jun. 259. n. s. The coarser part of 

the meal, sifted from the bran. Holingshed. See 

Grudgeons. 
To GU'RGLE, gur'-gl. 405. v.n. [gorgogliare, 

Italian.] To fall or gush with noise, as water 

from a bottle. Pope. 
GU'RKIN*, gur/-k?n. n. s. A small cucumber for 

pickling. See Gherkin. 
GU'RNARD, ) ., *. ) 99. n. s. [goummdd, Fr.] 
GU'RNET, \ ?">"«■ \ a kind ofsea-fish. Sha/c. 
To GUSH§, gush. v. n. [giessen, German.] To flow 

or rush out with violence ; not to spring in a small 

stream, but in a large body. Spenser. To emit in 

a copious effluxion. Dryden. 



GUSH, gush. n. s. An emission of liquor in a large 
quantity at once ; the liquor so emitted. Harvey. 

GU'SSET, gus'-s?t. 99. n. s. [gousset, Fr.] An angu- 
lar piece of cloth sewn at the upper end of the 
sleeve of a shirt or shift. 

GUST $, gust, n. s. [gustus, Lat.] Sense of tasting. 
Scott. Height of perception ; height of sensual en- 
joyment. Milton. Love ; liking. Tillotson. Turn 
of fancy ; intellectual taste. Dryden. [gustr, Goth.] 
A sudden, violent blast of wind. Shakspeare. 

To GUST*, gust. v. a. [gusto, Lat.] To taste ; to 
have a relish of. Shakspeare. 

GU'STABLE, gfis'-ta-bl. 405. a. To be tasted. Har- 
vey. Pleasant to the taste. Derham. 

GU'STABLE* gfis'-ta-bl. n. s. Any thing that may 
be tasted ; an eatable. More. 

GUSTATION, gus-uV-shun. n. s. The act of tasting 
Brown. 

GU'STFUL, gfist'-ful. a. Tasteful ; well-tasted. How- 
ell. 

GU'STFULNESS*, gfist'-ful-nSs. n. s. The relish 
of anything. Barrow. 

GU'STLESS*, gust'-lSs. a. Tasteless ; insipid. Sir 
T. Brown. 

GUSTO, gfis'-to. n.s. [Ital.] The relish of any 
thing ; the power by which any thing excites sen- 
sations in the palate. Derham. Intellectual taste ; 
liking. Dm/den. 

GU'ST Y, gus'-te. a. Stormy ; tempestuous. Shak. 

GUT §, gut. n. s. [kutteln. Germ.] The long pipe 
reaching, with many convolutions, from the stomach 
to the vent. Bacon. The stomach ; the receptacle 
of food. Hudibras. Gluttony; love of gormandiz- 
ing. Hakewill. A passage. Maundrell. 

To GUT, gut. v. a. To eviscerate ; to draw ; to ex- 
enterate. Carew. To plunder of contents. Dry- 
den. 

GUTTA SERENA*, gfo'-ta-se-re'-na. n. s. [Lat.J 
A disease of the eye. Sir T. Herbert. 

GUTTATED^&t'-ta-teU a. [gutta,LaL] Besprink- 
led with drops; bedropped. Did. 

GUTTER S.gut'-t&r. 98. n.s. [gouttiere, Fr.] A 
passage for water. Addison. A small longitudinal 
hollow. 

To GUTTER, gut'-tur. v. a. To cut in small hol- 
lows. Shakspeare. 

To GUTTER*, giV-tftr. v. n. To fall in drops ; t» 
run as a candle. Scott. 

To GUTTLER gut'-tl. 405. y.n. [from gut.] To 
feed luxuriously ; to gormandize. Dryden. 

To GUTTLE, gut'-tl. w. a. To swallow. V Estrange, 

GUTTLER, gfit'-tl-ur. 98. n.s. A greedy eater. 

GUTTULOUS,g&t'-tshu-lus. 463. a. [guttula, Lat.] 
In the form of a small drop. Brown. 

GUTTURAL §, gfit'-tshu-ral. 463. a. [gutturalis, 
Lat.] Pronounced in the throat ; belonging to the 
throat. Bacon. 

GUTTURALNESS, gfit'-tshu-ral-nes. n.s. The 
quality of being guttural. Diet. 

GUT WORT, giV-wfirt. n.s. An herb. 

GUY, gl. n. s. [from guide.] A rope used to lift any 
thing into the ship. Skinner. 

ToGU'ZZLES, guz'-zl. 405. v.n. [gozzavigliare, 
Ital.] To gormandize; to swallow any liquor greed 
ily. Roscommon. 

ToGU'ZZLE, guz'-zl. u. a. To swallow with im 
moderate gust. Dryden. 

GU'ZZLE*, guz'-zl, n.s. An insatiable thing or per 
son. Marston. 

GU'ZZLER, gfiz'-zl-fir. 98. n. s. A gormandizer ; an 
immoderate eater or drinker. 

GYBE, jibe. n. s. [See Gibe.] A sneer; a taunt; a 
sarcasm. Shakspeare. 

To GYBE, jibe. v. n. To sneer ; to taunt. Spenser. 

To GYE*, gl. v. a. To guide. Chaucer. See To 

GlE. 

GYMNA'SIUM*, j?m-na'-zhe-um. n. s. [Latin ; 
yvfivdaiov, Gr.] Formerly, a place for athletick exer- 
cises, in which such as practised them were nearly 
naked; any place of exercise; a school. Grno. 

GYMNA'STICALLY, j?m-nas'-te-kal-e. ad. Athlet* 
ically ; fitly for strong exercise. Brown. 
445 



GYN 










GYV 


0=559.- 


-Fate 


f^r 


fall, fat ;- 


— me, mel ; — pine, 


pin;—. 



GYMNA'STICK,jim-nas'-iik.«. [yvp-vaenris.] Per- 
taining to athletick exercises. Crrao. 

§5* In this word and its relatives we not unfrequently 
hear the g hard, as in gimlet, for this learned reason, 
because they are derived from the Greek. For the very 
same reason we ought to pronounce the g in Genesis, 
geography, geometry, and a thousand other words, 
hard, which would essentially alter the sound of our 
language. Mr. Sheridan has very properly given the 
soft g to these words ; and Mr. Nares is of the same 
opinion with respect to the propriety of this pronuncia- 
tion, but doubts of the usage ; there can be no doubt, 
however, of the absurdity of this usage, and of the ne- 
cessity of curbing it as much as possible. — See Princi- 
ples, No. 350. W. 

GYMNA'STICK*, jim-nas'-tik. n. s. Athletick exer- 
cise. Arbuthnot. A teacher of the wrestling sci- 
ence. Cockeram. 

GY'MNICAL*,jim'-ne-kal. a. [yt^viKo?.] Pertaining 
to athletick exercises. Potter. L 

GY'MNICK, jim'-nik. a. Such as practise the athlet- 
ick or gymnastick exercises. Milton. 

GY'MNICK* jim'-nik. rc. s. Athletick exercise. Bur- 
ton. 

GYMNO'SOPHIST*, jim-n6s'-6-fist. n. s. [yvuvo- 
■cocpiuTai.'] One of a sect of Indian philosophers. Bur- 
ton. 

GYMNOSPE'RMOUS Jim-n6-speV-m&s. a. [yfyvos 
and (Tiripfxa.] Having the seeds naked. 

To GYN*, gin. v. n. To begin. Wicliffe. 

G Y'NARCHY*. jW-ar-ke. n. s. [ywr) and ap % ^.] 
Female government. Ld. Ouster field. 

GYNiE'ClAN^je-ne'-shan. a. [ywauebs, genitive of 
yuvr)Jt Relating to women. Ferrand. 

GYNiEO'CRACY* ,jl-ne-6k'-ra-se. n. s. [yvvtj andfe 



Kpdros.'] Government over which a woman may 

preside. Selden. 
GYNECO'CRACY,jl-ne-k6k'-ra-se,«. 5. [ Y vvuikok 

pana.l Petticoat government ; female pov/er. 
GYPSE*, jlps. n. s. [gypse, Fr.] A kind of stone 

Pococke. 
GY'PSEOUS*, jip'-se-us. )a. Relating Xogvpsum, 
GY'PSINE*, jip'-sin. \ belonging to lime or 

plaster. Chambers. 
GY / PSU3^,jy-s^m.n.s.[y^o S .] The name of 

a class of fossils ; the plaster stone ; white lime ; a 

kind of plaster. Clutmbers. 
GY'PSY*. See Gipsy. 
GYRATION, jl-r^-shfin. n.s. {gyro, Lat.] The act 

of turning any thing about. Newton. 
GYRE §, pre. n. s. {gyrus, Lat.] A circle described 

by any thing moving in an orbit. Spenser. 
To GYRE*, jire. v. a. To turn round. Bp. Hall. 
GY'RED, jl'-r£d. a. Falling in rings. Johnson. 
GYRFA'LCON*. See Gerfalcon. 
GY'ROMANCY*,jir'-6-man-se. n.s. [ytpos and pav- 

reia.] A sort of divination, performed by walking 

in or round a circle. 
GYVE §, jive. n.s. [gevijn, Welsh.] A fetter; a chain 

for the legs. Sfiakspeare. 

93~ Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott make the g in this word 
hard ; but Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, 
with more propriety, make it soft, as 1 have marked it. 
Mr. Nares makes the sound doubtful ; but this majority 
of authorities, and agreeableness to analogy, have re- 
moved my doubts, and made me alter my former opin- 
ion. W. 

To GYVE, jive. v.a. To fetter; to shackle. Sluxk 
speare. 



HAB 



HAB 



His, in English, as in other languages, a note of 
aspiration, sounded only by a strong emission 
of the breath, without any conformation of the or- 
gans of speech, and is therefore, by many gramma- 
rians, accounted no letter. The h in English is 
scarcely ever mute at the beginning of a word, as 
Iwuse. The strong emission of the breath is usually 
withheld from heir, herb, hostler, honest, honour, hu- 
mour ; and perhaps from hospital and hour ; and by 
some from humble. 394. 

HA, ha. interject. [Lat.] An expression of wonder, 
surprise, sudden question, or sudden exertion. 
Shatepeare. An expression of laughter. Job, xxxix. 

HA*, ha. n. s. An expression of wonder, surprise, 
doubt, or hesitation. Shakspeare. 

To HA*, ha. v. n. To express surprise ; to hesitate. 

HAAK, hake. n. s. A fish. See Hake. 

HA'BEAS CORP US, ha'-be-as-kor'-pus. [Lat.] A 
writ, which a man, indicted of some trespass, being 
laid in prison for the same, may have out of the 
King's Bench, thereby to remove himself thither at 
his own costs. Cowel. 

HA'BERDASHER§, hab'-ur-dash-ur. n.s. [from 
berdash, a kind of neck-dress, the maker of which 
was called a berdasher ; and thence came haber- 
dashers.'] One who sells small wares; a pedler. 
Bacon. 

HA'BERDASHERY* hab'-ur-dash-ur-e. n. s. Ar- 
ticles made or sold by haberdashers. Burke. 

HA'BERDINE^ab-ur-deen'. n. s. [fiabordmn, Fr.] 
A dried salt cod. Ainsworth. 

HA'BERGEON, hab-beV-je-on. n. s. [Imltz, or hols, 
and bergen, Teut.] Armour to cover the neck and 
breast. Exod. xxviii. 

§5= This word is analogically accented on the second syl- 
lable: but Johnson, in all the editions of his Dictionary, 
has the accent on the first, though his authorities are 
against him. W. 

HABI'LIMENT, ha-bil'-e-ment. n. s. [habilanent, 
Fr.] Dress ; clothes ; garment. Spenser. 

ToHABI'LITATE^ha-bfl'-e-tate. v.a. [liabiliter, 
Fr.] To qualify ; to entitle. 



HABI'LITATE*, ha-bil'-e-tate. a. Qualified; en 

titled. Bacon. 
HABILTTA'TION, ha-bil-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Qualifica 

lion. Bacon. 
HABI'LITY, hl-bil'-e-te. n. s. Faculty; power; 

means : now ability. Spenser. 
HA'BIT §, hab'-it. n. s. [habitus, Lat.] State of any 

thing: as, habit of body. Dress ; accoutrement. Sliak. 

Habit is a power in man of doing any thing, when 

it has been acquired by frequently doing the same 

thing. Locke. Custom ; inveterate use. South. 
To HA'BIT, hab'-it. v. a. To dress ; to accoutre ; to 

array. Shakspeare. 
To HA'BIT*, hab'-it. v. a. [habito, Lat.] To inhabit ; 

to dwell in. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
HA'BIT ABLE $, hab'-e-ta-bl. a. Capable of being 

dwelt in. Bacon. 
HA'BIT A BLENESS, hab'-e-ta-bl-ngs. n. s. Capaci 

ty of being dwelt in. More. 
HA'BITACLE*, hab'-it-a-kl. n. s. [habilaculum, 

Lat.] A dwelling. Bale. An old word. 
HA'BIT ANCE, hab'-e-tanse. n.s. Dwelling; abode. 

Spenser. 
HA'BIT ANT, hab'-e-tant. n. s. Dweller ; inhabitant. 

Milton. 
HABIT A'TION, hab-e-ta'-sh&n. n. s. The state of a 

place receiving dwellers. Milton. Act of inhabit 

ing ; state of dwelling. Denham. Place of abode ; 

dwelling. Hooker. 
HA'BITATOR^b'-^-ik-tiir.n.s. [Lat.] Dweller; 

inhabitant. Brown. 
HA'BITED*, hab'-it-eU a. Accustomed; usual. 

Fuller. 
HABI'TUAL. ha-bitsh'-u-al. 461. a. Customary; 

accustomed ; inveterate. Milton. 
HABl'TUALLY, ha-bitsh'-u-al-e. ad. Customarily ; 

by habit. Atterbury. 
To HABI'TUATE, ha-bitsh'-u-ate. v. a. [habituer, 

Fr.] To accustom ; to use one's self by frequent 

repetition. Tillotson. 
HABI'TUATE*, ba-bitsh'-u-ate. a. Inveterate ; ob- 
stinate. Hammond. 

446 



HAG 



HAK 



-nA, move, nAr, n&t ;— tA.be, tub, bull ; — A?l ;— pAAnd ;— thin, THis. 



[haqiie, old Fr.} A horse let out 
Hesitating or faltering speech. 



HA KiTUDE, hab'-e-iAde. n.s. [hibitudo, Lat.] Re- 
lation ; respect; state with regard to something 
else. Brown. Familiarity ; converse 5 frequent in- 
tercourse. Dryden. Long custom ; habit. Dryden. 
The power of doing any thing acquired by fre- 
quent repetition. Dryden. 
HA BLE*, ".A'-bl. a. [luzbilis, Lat.] Fit; proper. 

SjKnser. See Able. 
HA BNAB, hab'-nab. ad. [hap ne Imp.] At random; 

at the mercy of chance. Lilly. 
To HACKS, "hak. v. a. [haccan, Sax.] To cut into 
small pieces ; to chop. Sidney. To speak unread- 
ily, or with hesitation. Shakspeare. 
HACK*, hak. n.s. A notch; a hollow cut. Shak- 
speare. 
HACJ£$*,h&k.n 
for hire. Moor 
More. 

HACK*, hak. a. Hired. Wakefield. 
To HACK, hak. v. n. To hackney ; to turn hack- 

nev or prostitute. Hanmar. 
To HACKLES, hak'-kl. 405. v. a. [hekelen, Teut.] 
To dress flax. To separate; to tear asunder. 
Burke. 
HA CKLE*, hak'-kl. n. s. A comb for dressing flax. 

Skelton. 
HA CKLE, hak'-kl. n. s. A fly for angling, dressed 
sometimes with the feathers of a cock, and some- 
times with silk. Walton. 
HACKNEY^, hak'-ne. n. s. [Iiucnai, Welsh.] A 
pacing horse ; a pad ; a nag. Chaucer. A hired 
horse. Bacon. A hireling; a prostitute. Burnet. 
Any thing let out for hire. 
HACKNEY*, hak'-ne. a. Worn out, like a hired 
horse. Beaumont and Fletcher. Prostitute; vicious 
for hire. Roscommon. Much used; common; let 
out for hire. Milton. 
HACKNEY-COACHMAN*, hak'-ne-kAtsh'-mun. 
n. s. The driver of a hired or hackney coach. 
Guardian. 
HACKNEY-MAN*, hak'-ne-man. n. s. One who lets 

horses to hire. Barret. 
To HA'CKNEY, hak'-ne. v. a. To practise in one 
thing; to accustom, as to the road. Shak. To 
carrv in a hacknev coach. Cowper. 
HA'CQUETON, hak'-kwe-tAn. n.s. [haqueton, or 
hoqueton, Fr.] A stuffed jacket, formerly worn 
under armour, sometimes made of leather. Spen- 
ser. 
HACKSTER*, hak'-stur. n. s. [from hack.-] A bul- 
ly ; a ruffian ; an assassin. Bp. Hall. 
HADS, had. The preterit and part. pass, of have. 
HAD-I-WIST*, had-l-w?st'. A proverbial expres- 
sion. Oh that I had known. Gower. 
HA'DDER* had'-dur. n. s. [heide, Germ.] Heath ; 

lin?. Burton. 
HA DDOCK, had'-d&k. 166. n. s. [Imdot, Fr.] A 

sea-fish of the cod kind, but small. Carew. 
HADE*, hade. n. s. Among miners, the steep descent 

of a shaft; the descent of a hill. Drayton. 
HAFTS, haft. 78, 79. n.s. [haepfc, Sax.] A han- 
dle ; that part of any instrument that is taken into 
the hand. Gower. 
To HAFT, haft. v. a. To set in a haft. Ainsworth. 
HA'FTER*, haf-tur. n.s. A wrangler; a caviller; 

a crafty or cunning fellow. Barret. Ob. T. 
HAG S, hag. n. s. [hae£erfce, Sax.] A witch ; an 
enchantress. Dering. A fury; a she monster. 
Crasliaw. An old ugly woman. Dryden. Ap- 
pearances of light and fire upon the manes of 
Horses, or men's hair, were formerly called hags. 
Blount. 
HAG-BORN*, hig'-born. a. Born of a witch or hag. 

Shakspeare. 
To HAG, hag. v. a. To torment; to harass with 

vain terrour. Hudibras. 
HA'GABAG*. See Huckaback. 
HA'GGARD}, hag'-gard. a. (hagard, Fr.] Wild; 
untamed ; difficult to be reclaimed. Spenser, [ha- 
ger, Germ.] Lean ; rugged ; perhaps, ugly. L' Es- 
trange. Deformed with passion. Dryden. 
HA'GGARD, hag'-gard. n. s. Any thing wild or 



irreclaimable. Sliak. A species of hawk. Sandyt 
A hag. 

HA'GGARD*, hag'-gard. n. s. [ha^a and Seapb, 
Sax.] A stack-yard. Howell. 

HA'GGARDLY, hag^ard-le. ad. Deformedly ; ug 
lily. Dryden. 

HAM3GESS, hag'-ges. n. s. [from hack.] A mass of 
meat, generally pork chopped, and enclosed in a 
membrane. 

HA'GGISH, hag(-g?sh. a. Of the nature of a hag ; 
deformed ; horrid. Shakspeare. 

To HA'GGLE$, hag'-gl. v. a. [from hackle or hack.] 
To cut ; to chop ; to mangle. Shakspeare. 

To HA'GGLE, hag'-gl. v. n. [harceler, Fr.] To be 
tedious in a bargain ; to be long in coming to the 
price. Shenstone. 

HA'GGLER, hagZ-gl-ur. 98. n. s. One that cuts. 
One that is tardy in bargaining. Cotgrave. 

HA GIO' GRAPHA*, ha-je-6g / -ra-f a. n. s. pi. [£y<- 
0? and yp30w.] Holy writings; a name given tc 
part of the books of Scripture. Abp. Newcome. 

HAGIO'GRAPHAL*, ha-je-og'-ra-fal. a. Denoting 
the writings called lutgiographa. Bp. Cosin. 

HAGIO'GRAPHER, ha-je-Ag'-ra-f&r. n. s. A holy 
writer. The Jews divide the Holy Scriptures of 
the Old Testament into the law, the prophets, and 
the hagiographers. Whitby. 

HA'GSHIP*, hag'-shlp. n. s. The title of a witch or 
hag. Middleton. 

HAGUE*, hag. I n. s. [hacquebule, old 

HA'GUEBUT*, hag'-bfit. \ Fr.] A kind of fire- 
arms ; a culverin, or hand-cannon, fixed on a lit- 
tle carriage, since called the arquebuse, according 
to Grose. 

HAH, ha. interj. An expression of sudden effort 
Dryden. 

HAIL $, hale. n. s. [haegl, Sax.] Drops of rain frozen 
in their falling. Locke. 

To HAIL, hale. v. n. To pour down hail. Is. xxxii. 

To HAIL*, hale. v. a. [haella, Su. Goth.] To pour. 
Shakspeare. 

HAIL S, hale, interj. [hael, Sax.] A term of saluta- 
tion ; health. Milton. 

HAIL*, hale. a. Healthy ; sound. See Hale. 

HAIL-FELLOW*, hale'-fel'-lA. n. s. A companion. 
Bp. Hall. 

To HAIL, hale. v. a. To salute ; to call to. Knolles. 

HA'ILSHOT, hale'-shot. n. s. Small slrot scattered 
like hail. Hayward. 

HA'ILSTONE, hale'-stAne. n. s. A particle or single 
ball of hail. Joshua, x. 

HA'ILY, ha'-le. a. Consisting of hail ; full of hail. 
Pope. 

HA'INOUS*. See Heinous. 

HAIRS, hare. n.s. [hsen, Sax.] One of the common 
teguments, found upon all the parts of the body, ex- 
cept the soles of the feet and palms of the hands. 
Quincy. A single hair. Shak. Any thing proverbial- 
ly small. Dryden. Course; order; grain. Shak. 

HA'IRBRAINED, hare'-bran'd. 359. a. [properly 
harebrained, wild as a hare.] Wild; irregular; un- 
steady. Shakspeare. 

HA'IRBEL, hare'-bel. n. s. A flower; the hyacinth- 

HA'IRBREADTH, hare'-brem. n. s. A very small 
distance ; the diameter of a hair. Judg. xx. 

HATRCLOTH, hare'-klAzft. n. s. Stuff made of hair, 
very rough and prickly, worn sometimes in morti- 
fication. Grew. 

HAIRHU'NG*, hare-hung 7 , a. Hanging by a hair. 
Young. 

HA'IRINESS, ha'-re-nes. n. s. The state of being 
covered with hair, or abounding with hair. Brown. 

HA'IRLACE, hW-lase. n. s. The fillet with which 
women lie up their hair. Harvey. 

HA'IRLESS, hare'-les. a. Wanting hair. Bp. Hall. 

HATRN£EDLE*,hare'-ne-dl.?«. s. Formerly an 

HA'IRPIN* hare'-pin. \ instrument for tor- 

turing the hair ; the latter within our own memo- 
ry ; tne former very ancient. 

HA'IRY, hi'-re. a. Overgrown with hair. Bacon. 
Consisting of hair. Dryden. 

HAKE, hake. n.s. A kind offish. Carew. 
447 



HAL 








HAL 


(C? 559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, fat ;- 


-me, m<k 3 


— pine 


pin;- 



HA'KOT, hak'-ut. 166. n. s. [from hake.] A kind of 

fish. Ainsworih. 
HAL, in local names, is derived, like al, from the 

Saxon healle, i. e. a hall, a palace. Gibson. 
ILVLBERD§, hall'-burd. 98. n.s. [halebar de, Fr.] 

A battle-axe fixed to a long pole. Slutkspeare. 
HALBERDrER, hall-b&r-deeV. n. s. One who is 

armed with a halberd. Bacon. 
HA'LCYON $, haf-she-un. 166. n. s. \Jialcyo, Lat.] 

A bird said to breed in the sea, and that there is 

always a calm during her incubation. S/iakspeare. 
HA'LCYON, haf-she-un. 357. a. Placid; quiet; 

still ; peaceful. Denham. 
HALCYONIAN*, hal-she-o'-ne-an. a. Peaceful; 

quiet; still. Sheldon. 
HALE&*, hale, n: s. [hsel, Sax.] Welfare. Spensei-. 
HALE, hale. a. Healthy ; sound ; hearty. Spenser. 

Whole; uninjured, [heel, Dutch.] Hammond. 
To HALE §, hale, or hawl. [hawl, Slieridan and 

Perry.] v. a. [Iialen, Dutch.] To drag by force ; to 

pull violently and rudely. Luke. 

§3= This word, in familiar language, is corrupted be- 
yond recovery into haul ; but solemn speaking still re- 
quires the regular sound, rhyming with pale ; the other 
sound would, in this case, be gross and vulgar. — See 
To Haul. W. 

HA'LER, ha'-lur, or hawl'-ur. 98. n. s. He who pulls 

and hales. 
HALFy, haf. 78,401. n. s. plural Mves, havz. [healp, 

Sax.] A moiety; one part of two; an equal part. 

1 Sam. xiv. It sometimes has a plural signification 

when a number is divided. Dryden. 
HALF, haf. ad. In part ; equally. Dryden. 
HALF-BLOOD, haf-blud. n. s. One not born of the 

same father and mother. Locke. 
HALF-BLOODED, haf -blud-gd. a. Mean ; degen- 
erate. Shakspeare. 
HALF-CAP, haf-kap. n. s. Cap imperfectly put off, 

or faintly moved. Shakspeare. 
HALF-DEAD*, haf-deU a. [healp-beab, Sax.] 

Almost dead. Milton. 
HALF-FACED, haf -taste. 362. a. Showing only 

part of the face. Shakspeare. 
HALF-HATCHED, haf-hatsht. a. Imperfectly 

hatched. 
HALF-HEARD, haf -herd. a. Imperfectly heard. 

HALF-LEARNED* haf-lern-ed. a. Imperfectly 
learned. Lowth. 

HALF-LOST*, haf-l6st. a. Nearly lost. Milton. 

HALF-MOON, haf-moon'. n. s. The moon in its ap- 
pearance when at half increase or decrease. Any 
thing in the figure of a half-moon. Milton. 

HALF-PART*, haf -part. n. s. Equal share. Shak. 

HALF-PENNY, ha'-pen-ne. n. s. plural halfpence. 
(halpenbie, Sax.] A copper coin, of which two 
make a penny. Swift. It has the force of an ad- 
jective conjoined with any thing of which it de- 
notes the price. Shakspeare. 

g^j 3 This word is not only deprived of half its sound, but 
even what is left is grossly corrupted : sounding the a 
as in half, is provincial and rustick. W. 

HALF-PENNYWORTH*, ha'-pen-ne-wurtf*. n. s. 
The worth of a half-penny. Shakspeare. 

HALF-PIKE, haf -pike. n.s. The small pike carried 
bv officers. Taller. 

HALF-PINT, haf -pint, n. s. The fourth part of a 
quart. Pope.- 

HALF-READ*, haf-rSd. a. Superficially skilled by 
reading. Dryden. 

HALF-SCHOLAR, haf -skolM&r. n. s. One imper- 
fectly learned. Watts. 

HALF-SEAS Over, haf-sez-o'-vur. A proverbial 
expression for any one far advanced. It is com- 
monly used of one half drunk. Dryden. 

HALF-SIGHTED, haf-sl-tSd. a. Seeing imper- 
fectly. Bacon. 

HALF-SPHERE, haf-sfere. n. s. Hemisphere. B. 
Jonson. 

HALF-STARVED*, haf -starv'd. a. Almost starved. 
Milton. 



HALF-STRAINED, haf -stran'd. a. Half-bred ; im 
perfect. Dryden. 

HALF-SWORD, haf-s6rd. n.s. Close fight. Shak. 

HALF-WAY, haf-wa. ad. Li the middle. Gran 
ville. 

HALF-WIT, haf -wit. n. s. A blockhead ; a foolish 
fellow. Dryden. 

HALF-WITTED, haf -wit-ted. a. Imperfectly fur 
nished with understanding. Swift. 

To HALF*, haf. v. a. To divide into two parts 
Wotton. 

HA'LFEN*, haf-fn. a. Wanting half its due qualities. 
Spenser. 

HA LFENDEAL, haf-fn-deel. ad. [halfdeel, teut.] 
Nearly half. Spenser. 

HA'LFER*, haf -fur. n. s. One who possesses only 
half of any thing. Mountagu. A male fallow-deer 
gelded, which is so called upon the same footing as 
a stone-horse in French is called clievalentier. 
Pegge. 

HA'LIARDS*. See Halliards. 

HA'LIBUT, h&f-le-but. n. s. A sort of fish. Ains- 
worth. 

HA'LIDOM, haf-e-dum. n. s. [hah^bome, Sax.] 
An adjuration by what is holy. Spenser. 

HA'LIMASS, hof-le-mas. n. s. [halig, and moss.] 
The feast of All-Souls. 

HA'LING*, hawf-ing. n. s. An act of dragging by 
force ; compulsion. Milton. 

HA'LITUOUS, ha-lltsh'-u-us. 463. a. [halitus, Lat.] 
Vaporous; fumous. Boyle. 

HALL, hall. n. s. [hal, Sax.] A court of justice ; as, 
Westminster Hall. Pope. A manor-house so called, 
because in it were held courts for the tenants. Ad- 
dison. The publick room of a corporation. Garth. 
The first large room of a house. Shak. A col- 
legiate body in the universities of Oxford and Cam- 
bridge. Dean Prideaux. 

HALLELUIAHS, hal-le-lSS'-ya. n. s. ■ [rwbhn 
Praise ye the Lord.] A song of thanksgiving. Mil- 
ton. 

HALLELUJA'TICK*, hal-le-166-yaf -ik. a. Denot- 
ing a song of thanksgiving. Christian Antiquities. 

HALLIARDS*, ) .* ,, * , )n. s. pi. [In na- 

HA'LYARDS*, \ } \ val language.] 

Ropes or tackle employed to hoist or lower a saii. 
Sherwood. 

HALLO'O $, hal-lSS'. interj. [ahlopan, Sax.] A word 
of encouragement whea dogs are let loose on their 
game. Dryden. 

To HA'LLOO, hal-185'. v. n. [holer, Fr.] To cry as 
after the dogs. Shak. To treat as in contempt. 
Sidney. 

To HA'LLOO, hal-loo'. v. a. To encourage with 
shouts. Prior. To chase with shouts. Shak. To 
call or shout to. Shakspeare. 

HA'LLOOING*, hal-ldo'-ing. re. s. A loud and ve- 
hement cry. B. Jonson. 

To HALLOWS, hal'-Id. v. a. [haltfian, halitf, 
Sax.] To consecrate ; to make holy. Hooker. To 
reverence as holy ; Hallowed be thy name. 

$5= In pronouncing the Lord's Prayer, we sometimes 
hear the participle of this word pronounced like thai 
of the word to hollow. This arises from not attend- 
ing to the distinction made by syllabication between 
the single and double I : the double I in the same syl- 
lable deepens the a to the broadest sound, as in tall ; 
but when one of the liquids is carried off to the next 
syllable, the a has its short and slender sound, as 
tal-low •. the same may be observed of hall and hal- 
low, &.C.— See Principles, No. 85. W. 

HA'LLOWMASS, hal'-li-mas. re. s. [hah£, Sax. 
and mass.] The feast of All-Souls. Shakspeare. 

To HALLUCINATES*, hal-liV-se-nate. v.n. [hal- 
Incinatus', Lat.] To stumble ; to blunder. Cock- 
eram. 

HALLUCINATION, hal-lu-se-na'-shun. n. s. Er- 

rour; blunder; mistake; folly. Harvey. 
HALM, hawm. n. s. [healm, Sax.] Straw. 
#5= This is Dr. Johnson's pronunciation of this word. W. 
HA'LO, hk'Ab. n.s. [lialo, Fr.] A red circle round 
the sun or moon. Newton. 
448 



HAM 



HAN 



-n6, mflve, ndr, not ;— tube, tab, bftll ;— oil ;-— pound ',—th'm, ruis. 



HALSE*. n.s. [half, Sax.] The neck; the throat. 
Chaucer. 

To HALSE§*. v. a. To embrace about the neck, 
as children do their parents. Spenser. To adjure. 
Chancer. To greet ; to salute with respect. Vis. 
of P. Ploughman. 

HA LSENING. a. Sounding harshly; inharmonious 
in the throat or tongue. Carew. Ob. J. 

HA LSER, haw'-s&r. n. s. [hair, Sax.] [corrupted 
to hawser.'] A rope less than a cable. Chapman. 

To HALTf. halt. r. n. [healc,Sax.] To limp; lobe 
lame. Shak. To stop in a march. Addison. To 
hesitate; to stand dubious. 1 Kings, xviii. To 
fail ; to falter. Jerem. xx. 

HALT. halt. a. Lame ; crippled. St. Luke, xiv. 

HALT. halt. n. s. The act of limping, the manner of 
limping'. A^stop in a march. Milton. 

HA LTER, hal'-tur. n. s. He who limps. Sliencood. 

HA'LTERf. hal'-tor. n. s. [haelfcep, Sax.] A rope 
to hang malefactors. Shakspeare. A cord ; a strong 
string. Sandys. 

ToHA'LTER", hal'-tor. r. a. To bind with a cord. 
B. Jonson. 

L1A LTINGLY*, hal'-ting-le. ad. In a slow manner. 
Dirt, of Quotations. 

To HALVE, ha v. 78. v. a. [from half, halves.] To 
divide into two parts. Slukeley. 

HALVES, havz. inter}. An expression by which any 
one lays claim to an equal share. 

HAM, whether initial or final, is the Saxon pam, a 
house, farm, or village. Gibson. 

HAM§. ham. n. s. [ham, Sax.] The hip ; the binder 
part of the articulation of the thigh with the knee. 
Wiseman. The thigh of a hog salted. Pope. 

HA'MACK*. See Hammock. 

HA'MADRYAD*, ham'-a-drl-ad. n. s. [fya and 
dpvs.] One of those wood-nymphs of antiquity, 
who were feigned to live and die with the trees to 
which thev were attached. Spectator. 

HA'3IATE"§*, ham'-ate. a. [hamatus, Lat.] En- 
tangled ; twisted together. Bp. Berkeley. 

HA MATED, ham'-d-ted. a. Hooked ; set with hooks. 

To HA'MBLE, ham'-bl. v. a. [hamelan. Sax.] To 
cut the sinews of the thigh ; to hamstring. 

HAME, hame. n.s. [haina, Sax.] The collar by 
which a horse draws in a wagon. 

HAME*. hame. n. s. Home. Cliaucer. 

To HA ME L*. See To Ramble. 

HA'MLETi haW-lel. 99. n.s. [ham, Sax. and lei.] 
A small village. Bacon. 

HA MLETTED*, ham'-let-ted. a. Countrified ; ac- 
customed onlv to a hamlet. Feltham. 

HA MMER &, hW-mftr. 93. n. s. [hame p, Sax.] The 
instrument consisting of a long handle and heavy 
head, with which any thing is forced or driven. 
Bacon. Any thing destructive. Hakewill. 

To HA'MMER, ham'-mfir. v. a. To beat with a 
hammer. Sa?idys. To forge or form with a ham- 
mer. Milton. To work in the mind ; to contrive 
bv intellectual labour. Camden. 

To HAMMER, ham'-mfir. v. a. Towork;tobe 
busy. Shakspeare. To be in agitation. Shakspeare. 

HA MMERABLE*, ham'-mfir-a-bl. a. Capable of 
beinsc formed bv a hammer. Shencood. 

HA MMERCLOTH*, ham'-mfir-klotfi. n.s. The 
cloth that covers a coach-box. The coachman for- 
merly used to carry a hammer, pincers, a few nails, 
Sec. in a leather pouch belonging to his box ; and 
this cloth was used for the hiding of them from pub- 
lick view. Pegge. 

HA'MMERER; harn'-mfir-fir. n.s. He who works 
with a hammer. Sherwood. 

HA MMERHARD. ham -mur-hard. n. s. Iron or 
steel hardened by much hammering on it. Moxon. 

HAMMERMAN*, ham'-mfir-man. n.s. One who 
beats with a hammer at the forge. B. Jonson. 

HAMMERWORT*. ham'-mar-wfirt. n.s. [hamop- 
pypC. Sax.] An herb. 

HA'MMOCK, ham'-mfik. 166. n.s. \_amaclm, In- 
dian.] A swinging bed. Raleigh. 

HA'MPER 6, hamp'-fir. 98. n. s. [hanaperium, low 
Lat.] A large basket for carriage. Slieldon. 



To HA'MPER §, hamp'-or. v. a. [hampr, IcelJ To 
>hackle ; to entangle, a«£p nets. Herbert. To en- 
snare ; to inveigle. ShSflspeare. To complicate ; 
to tangle. Blackmore. To perplex ; to embarrass 
bv maiiv lets and troubles. Hudibras. 

HA'MPER*, hamry-ur. n. s. A kind of chain or fet- 
ter. Browne. 

HA MSTRING §, ham'-strfng. 7?. s. [Jiam and string.] 
The tendon of the ham. Wiseman. 

To HAMSTRING, ham' -string, v. a. pret. and part, 
pass, hamstrung. To lame by cutting the tendon 
of the ham. Dryden. 

HAN, for have, in the plural. Spenser. Ob. J. 

HA'N APER, han'-a-pfir. 98. n. s. [hanaperium, low 
Lat.] A treasury ; an exchequer. Bacon. 

To HANCE* or HAUNCE*, hanse. v. a. [hausser, 
Fr.] To lift up. Chaucer. To raise ; to enhance. 
Chaucer. 

HA'NCES, han'-sez. n.s. [In a ship.] Falls of (he 
fife-rails placed on balusters on the poop and 
quarter-deck down to the gangway, Harris. [In 
architecture.] The ends of elliptical arches. Har- 
ris. 

HANDS, hand. n.s. [hanb, honb, Sax.] The palm 
with the fingers. Knolles. Measure of four inches ; 
a palm. Side, right or left. Exod. xxxviii. Part ; 
quarter ; side. Swift. Ready pavment, with re- 
spect to the receiver. Knolles. Ready payment, 
with regard to the payer, out of hand, i. e. imme- 
diately. Tob. iv. Rate; price. Bacon. Terms; 
conditions; rate. Stubbes. Act; deed; external 
action. King Charles. Labour; act of the hand. 
Milton. Performance. Shak. Power of perfor- 
mance. Addison. Attempt ; undertaking. Spenser. 
Manner of gathering or taking. Bacon. Work- 
manship ; power or act of manufacturing or mak- 
ing. Cheyne. Manner of acting or performing. 
Dryden. Agency; part in action. South. The 
act of giving or presenting. 2 Sam. Act of receiv- 
ing any thing ready to one's hand. Locke. Care ; 
necessity of managing. Pope. Discharge of duty. 
Hooker. Reach; r.eamess : as, at hand, within 
reach. Shakspeare. Manual management. Dryden. 
State of being in preparation. Shak. State of be- 
ing in present agitation. Locke. Cards held at a 
game. Bacon. That which is used in opposition 
to another. Hudibras. Scheme of action. B.Jon- 
son. Advantage ; gain ; superiority. Haijward. 
Competition ; contest. Shak. Transmission ; con- 
veyance. 1 Kings, xiv. Possession ; power. 
Hooker. Pressure of the bridle. Shak. Method 
of government; discipline; restraint. Bacon. In- 
fluence ; management. Daniel. That which per- 
forms the office of a hand in pointing. Locke. Agent ; 
person employed. Swift. Giver, and receiver. 
Tillotson. An actor ; a workman; a soldier. 
Spenser. Lccke. Catch or reach without choice. 
Judges. Form or cast of writing. Lccke. — Hand 
over head. Negligently; rashly; without seeing 
what one does. Bacon. Hand to hand. Close 
fight. Shak. Hand in hand. In union ; conjoint 
ly. Swift. Fit ; pat. Shak. Hand to mouth. As 
want requires. Bp. Reynolds. To bear in hand. 
To keep in expectation ; to elude. Shak. To be 
hand and glove. To be intimate and familiar; to 
suit one another. 

To HAND, hand. v. a. To give or transmit with 
the hand. Brown. To guide or lead by the hand. 
Donne. To seize ; to lay hands on. Sliak. To 
manage; to move with "the hand. Prior. To 
transmit in succession ; to deliver from one to an- 
other. Woodward. 

To HAND*, hand. v.n. To go hand in hand ; to co- 
operate with. Massinger. 

HAND is much used in composition for that which 
is manageable by the hand, as, a handsiw ; or 
borne in the hand, as, a handbarrow. 

HA'NDBALL*, hand'-ball. n. s. One of our ancient 

fames with the ball. Brand. 
'NDBARROW, hand'-bar-r6. n. s. A frame on 
which any thing is carried by the hands of two 
men, without wheeling on the ground. Tusser. 
449 



HAN 



HAN 



[HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, p?n : 



HANDBASKET, hand'-basddt. n. s. A portable 

basket. Mortimer. 
HANDBELL, hand'-bet- n. s. [hanbbell, Sax.] A 

bell rung- by the hand. Baron. 
HANDBO W* hand'-bi. n. s. A bow managed by 

the hand. Old Ballad of Adam Bell. 

HANDBREADTH. hand'-breaM. n.s. A space 

equal to the breadth of the hand ; a palm. Ex. xxv. 

HANDCLOTH* hand' '-k\bth. n. s. A handkerchief. 

HANDCUFF*, hand'-kuf. n. s. [hanbcopj-e, Sax.] 

A manacle ; a fetter for the wrist. 
To HANDCUFF*, hand'-kof. v. a. To manacle 5 to 

fasten by a chain. Hay. 
HANDCRAFT*, hand'-kraft. n. s. Work perform- 
ed by the hand. 

HANDCRAFTSMAN* hand'-krafts-man. n. s. A 
workman. Huloet. 

HANDED, han'-deU a. Having; the use of the 
hand, left or right. Broivn. With hands joined. 
Milton. 

HANDER, han'-dur. n.s. Transmitter} conveyer 
in succession. Dryden,. 

HANDFAST, hand'-fast. n.s. [hand and fast.'] 
Hold ; custody. Slmk. Hold ; power of kee])ing. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HANDFAST*, hand'-fast. a. Fast as by contract ; 
firm in adherence. Bale. 

To HANDFAST*, hand'-fast. v. a. [hanbpser-fcan, 
Sax.] To betroth. Coverdcde. To join together 
solemnly by the hand. B. Jonson. To oblige by 
duty; to bind. Abp. Bancroft. 

HANDFASTING*, hand'-fast-lng. n. s. [handfaesl- 
ning, Su. Goth.] A kind of marriage contract. 
Christen State of Mat rim. 

HANDFETTER*, hancl'-f£i-tur. n. s. A manacle 
for the hands. Sherwood. 

HANDFUL, hand'-fiil. n. s. As much as the hand 
can contain. °2 Mace. iv. A palm ; a hand's breadth. 
Bacon. A small number or quantity. Clarendon. 
As much as can be clone. Raleigh. 

HANDGALLQP, hand'-gal-lup. n.s. A slow, easy 
gallop, in which the hand presses the bridle to hin- 
der increase ot speed. Drvden. 

HANDGRENA'DE* See Granado, and Gre- 
nade. 

HANDGUN, hand'-g&n. n. s. A gun wielded by 
the hand. Camden. 

HANDICRAFT, han'-de-kraft. n. s. [hanbepsepfc, 
Sax. See Handcraft.] Manual occupation. Ad- 
dison. A man who lives by manual labour. Dry- 
den. 

HANDICRAFTSMAN, han'-de-krafts-man. 88. 
n.s. A manufacturer; one employed in manual 
occupation. Shakspeare. 

HANDILY, han'-de-le. ad. With skill ; with dex- 
terity. 

HANDlNESS, han'-de-nes. n.s. Readiness; dex- 
terity. Lord Chesterfield. 

HANDIWORK, han'-de-wrtrk. n. s. [a corruption 
of handwork.'] Work of the hand; product of la- 
bour; manufacture. Hooker. 

HANDKERCHIEF, hang'-kgr-tshlf. n. s. [half 
Sax. and half Fr.] A piece of silk or linen used to 
wipe the face, or cover the neck. Sidney. 

HA'NDLANGUAGE*, hand'-lang-gwldje. n.s. The 
science, of conversing by means of the hand. Dal- 
garno. 

To HANDLE, han'-dl. 405. v. a. [handelen. Dutch.] 
To touch ; to feel with the hand. Locke. To man- 
age ; to wield. Sliak. To make familiar to the 
hand by frequent touching. Temple. To treat ; to 
mention in writing or talk. Shak. To deal with ; 
to practise*. Jer. ii. To treat well or ill. Clarendon. 
To practise upon ; to transact with. Shakspeare. 

HANDLE, han'-dl. 405. n. s. [hanble, Sax.] That 
part of any thing by which it is held in the hand ; 
a haft. Bp. Taylor. That of which use is made. 
South. 

HANDLEABLE*, hand'-dl-a-bl. a. That may be 
handled. Sherwood. 

HANDLESS, handMgs. a. Without a hand. Shak- 
speare. 



HANDLING*, handling, v. a. Touch. B. Jonson. 

Cunning; trick; Spenser. 
HANDMAID, hAnd'-made. n. s. A maid tlfrt waits 

at hand. Bacon. 
HANDMAIDEN*, hand'-ma-dn. n. s. A maid-ser- 
vant ; a handmaid. St. Luke. 

HANDxMILL, hand'-mil. n. s. A mill moved by the 
hand. Dry den. 

HANDS OFF, handz-&ff\ interj. A vulgar phrase 
for keep of; forbear. 

HANDSAILS, hand'-salz. n.s. Sails managed by 
the hand. Temple. 

HANDSAW, hand'-saw. n. s. Saw manageable by 
the hand. Sluikspeare. 

HANDSCREW*, hand'-skroo. n. s. [hand and 
screw.] A sort of engine for raising heavy timber, 
or great weights of any kind ; a jack. 

HANDSEL §,_han'-sel n.s. [hansel, Dutch.] The 
first act of using any thing; the first act of sale. 
Sir T. Eluot. 
To HANDSEL, han'-sel v. a. To use or do any 
thing the first time. Cowley. 

HANDSOME §, han'-s&m. a. [handsaem, Dutch.] 
Ready; gainly; convenient. Spenser. Beautiful 
with dignity; graceful. Addison. Elegant; grace- 
ful. Felton. Ample ; liberal : as, a handsome for- 
tune. Generous ; noble : as, a handsome action. 
To HANDSOME, han'-sum. v.a. To render ele- 
gant or neat. Donne. 

HANDSOMELY, han'-siun-le. ad. Conveniently ; 
dexterously. Spenser. Beautifully ; gracefully. 
Patrick. Elegantly; neatly. Wisdom, xiii. Liber- 
ally ; generously. Addison. 

HANDSOMENESS, haV-sum-nck n.s. Beauty; 
grace; elegance. Boyle. 

HANDSPIKE*, hand'-splke. n. s. [liand and spike.] 
A kind of wooden lever to move great weights. 

HANDSTAFF*, hand'-staf. n. s. [Mud and staff.] 
A javelin. Ezek. xxxix. 

HANDVICE, hand'-vlse. n. s. A vice to hold small 
work in. Moxon. 

HANDWEAPON*, hand'-wep-p'n. n. s. Any weap- 
on which may be wielded by the hand. Numb. xxxv. 

HANDWORK*, hand'-w&rk. n. s. Same as liandi- 
work'. 

HANDWORKED*, hand'-wfirkt. a. Made with 
hands. 

HANDWRFTING, hand-rl'-tlng. n. s. A cast or 
form of writing peculiar to each hand. Cockburn. 
Any writing. Contents of Chap. iv. of Daniel. 

HANDY §, han'-de. a. Executed or performed by 
the hand. Ready; dexterous; skilful. Dryden. 
Convenient ; ready to the hand. Moxon. 

HANDYBLOW*, han'-de-bl6. n.s. A stroke in- 
flicted by the hand; an act of hostility. Harrnar. 

HANDYDANDY, han'-de-dan-d£. n. s. A play 
among children, in which something is shaken be- 
tween two hands, and then a guess is made in 
which hand it is retained. Shakspeare. 

HANDYGRIPE*, han'-de-gripe. n. s. Seizure by 
the hand or paw. Hudibras. 

HANDYSTROKE*, ban'-de-slroke. n. s. A blow 
inflicted bv the hand Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HANDYWORK* See Handiwork. 

To HANG §, hang. 409. »>. a. preter. and part. pass. 
hanged, or hung, anciently hong, [han^an, Sax.] 
To suspend ; to fasten in such a manner as to be 
sustained not below, but above. South. To place 
without any solid support. Sandys. To choalc and 
kill by suspending by the neck. 2 Sa?n. xvii. To 
display ; to show aloft. Shak. To let fall below 
the proper situation ; to decline. Ecc/us. xix. To 
fix in such a manner as in some directions to be 
movable. 1 Mac. iv. To cover or charge by any 
thing suspended. Shak. To furnish with ornaments 
or draperies fastened to the wall. Bacon. — To 
hang upon. To regard with passionate affection. 
Shakspeare. 

To HANG, hang. v. n. To be suspended ; to be sup- 
ported above, not below. Spenser. To depend ; 
to fall loosely on the lower part ; to dangle. Hudi- 
bras. To bend forward. Addison. 'To float; to 
450 



HAP 



HAR 



— 116, move, nor, not ;— tube, lib, hull ;— 6\\ ;— pound ;— thin. ru\ 



play. Prior. To be supported by something rais- 
ed above the ground. Addison. To real upon by 
embracing. >'•,>/,•. To hover; to impend. Att>-r- 
uuru. To be loosely joined. Shak. To drag j to 
be incommodiously joined. Addison. To be "com- 
pact or united. Dry den. To adhere, onwelcomely 
or incommodiously. Addison. To rest ; to reside. 
.. To be in suspense ; to be in a state of un- 
certainty. Dad. To be delayed ; to linger. Mil- 
ton. To he dependent on. Prior. To be fixed 
or suspended with attention. Pope. To have a 
steep declivity. Mortimer. To be executed by the 
halter. Sliak. To decline ; to tend down. Pope. 
To be displayed ; to be shown. Shak. To con- 
tinue; as, the wind lias hung easterly a great 
while. — To hang fire. A term applied to guns, 
when the Same communicates not immediately 
from the pan to the charge. 

HANG BY*, har.g'-bi. n.s. A dependant : an ex- 
pression of contempt. Bp. Hall. 

HANGER, bang'-ur. 409. n.s. That by which any- 
thing iiangs. Shakspeare. 

HANGER, hang -or. 98. n.s. [hangier, Persian.] 
A short curved sword ; a short broad swerd. 
Smollett. 

II A NGER*. hang'-ar. n.s. One who causes others 
to be hanged. Aubrey. 

HA NGER-ON, hdng-ur-or/. n. s. A dependant. 
Brown. 

HA NGING. hang'-ing. 410. n.s. Drapery hung or 
fastened against the walls of rooms. Shak. Any 
thing that hangs to another. Shak. Death by a 
halter. Pope. Display ; exhibition. Addison. 

HA/NGENfG, bang'-ing. part. a. Foreboding death 
by the halter. Sliak. Requiring to be punished by 
the baker; changing matter. 

HA NGlNG-SLEEVESf, hang'-fng-sleevz. n. s. pi. 
Strips of the same stuff with the gown, hanging 
down the back from the shoulders, formerly worn 
by children of both sexes. Lord Halifax. 

HA'NGMAN, hang -man. S8. n. s. The publick exe- 
cutioner. Sidney. A term of reproach, either seri- 
ous or ludicrous. ShaJcspeare. 

HANK§, hangk. n.s. [hank, Iceland.] A skein of 

thread. Sherwood. A lie ; a check ; an influence. 

7 of Piety. In naval language, hanks are 

wooden rings fixed on the stays. In the north, a 

withy or rope for fastening a gate. 

To HANK*, hangk. v. n. To form into hanks. 

To HANKER, nangk'-fir. v. n. [hzmkeren, Dutch.] 
To lon«- importunately. Addison. 

HA NKERlNG *, hangk -Or-lng. n. s. Strong de- 
sire ; longing. Hudibras. 

To HA NiCLE*. hang'-kl. v.n. To twist ; to entangle. 

HANSE*, hanse. ) n. s. [hanse, Teut.] A society or 

HANSE Towns*. ) company of merchants; and 
thence applied to certain towns in Germany, which 
confederated for mutual defence. Hudibras. 

HANSEA'TICK* ban she-at'-lk. a. Relating to the 
Hanse Tomij. 

HA'NSEL* See Handsel. 

HAN'T, ha'nt. 80. For has not, or have not. 

HAP o, hap. n. s. [hap, Welsh.] Chance; fortune. 
Spenser. That which happens by chance. Sidney. 
Accident ; casual event. Fair/ax. 

HAP-HARLOT*, hap-harM&t. n. s. A coarse cov- 
erlet. Harrison. 

MAP-HAZARD, hap-haz'-fird. 88. n. s. Chance ; 
accident. Hooker. 

To HAP, bap. v. n. To happen; to have the casual 
consequence. Spenser. To come by chance; to 
befall casually. ShaJcspeare. 

To HAP*, hap. v. a. [heapian, Sax.] To cover. 
Robinson, [hopper, old Fr.] To eaten ; to seize ; 
to take. 

HAPLESS, hap'-le's. a. Unhappy ; unfortunate ; 
luckless. Sliakspeare. 

HAPLY, hap'-le. ad. Perhaps ; peradventure ; it may 
be. Shak. Bv chance ; by accident. Milton. 

'TbHA'PPEN/hap'-pn- 405. v. n. To fall out ; to 
chance; to come to pass. Jsaiah, xli. To light ; to 
fall by chance. Gramri. 



To HA'PPER*, hap'-pfir. v.n. To hop; to skip 
about. See To Hop. Harmon 

HA PPILY, hap'-pe-le. ad. Fortunately; luckily; 
successfully. Dryden. Addressfully ; gracefully ; 
without labour. Pope. In a state of felicity ; as, He 
lives happily. By chance; peradventure. J«i this 
sense it is written for haply. Digbv 

11A TP1NESS, bapApe-nes. n.s. Fenc.i^ ; slate in 
which the desires are satisfied. Hooke. Good 
luck ; good fortune. Fortuitous elegance. Denham 

HA'PPi , lmp'-pe. a. [from hap.] In a state of fell 
city. Sidney. Lucky; successful ; fortunate. Boyle. 
Addressful ; ready. Shak. Propitious ; favourable. 
Sliak. — Happy man be his dole. A proverbial ex- 
pression, implying, May his dole, or share in life, 
be that of a happy man. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HA'QUETON. See Hkcquetox. 

HA'RAM*, or HA'REM* ha'-ram. n.s. [Persian.] 
A seraglio; the women's apartment in the east. 
Scrip. lllustr. Expos. Ind. 

HARA'NGUE §, ha-rang'. 337. n. s. [hpin^an, Sax.] 
A speech ; a popular oration. Milton. 

To HARA'NGUE, ha-rang 7 . v.n. To make a 
speech ; to pronounce an oration. Pope. 

To HARA'NGUE, ha-rang 7 . v. a. To address by 
an oration. 

HARA'NGUER, ha-rang'-fir. n. s. An orator ; a 
publick speaker. Dryden. 

To HA'RASS$, har'-iis. v. a. [heparan, Saxon, to 
spoil.] "To desolate; to waste; to destroy. Ham- 
mond. To weary ; to fatigue. Bacon. 

HA'RASS. har'-as. n. s. Waste; disturbance. Milton. 

HA'RASSER* hiir'-as-ur. n. s. [hep£e, Sax.] A 
spoiler. Ellis. 

HA'RBIN GER, har'-bln-jur. n. s. [herberger, Dutch.] 
A forerunner ; a precursor. Shakspeare. 

HA'RBOROUGH*, har'-bfir-r6. n. s. [henebeji- 
^a. Sax.] A lodging. Spenser. 

To HA'RbOROUGH* har'-bu.r-r6. v. a. To receive 
into lodging. Hulcet. 

HA'RBOROUS* har'-bflr-os. a. Hospitable. Old 
Transl.of the Neio T^st. 

HA'RBOUR$, har'-bur. 314. n. s. [hepebep£a, 
Sax.] A lodging; a place of entertainment. Dry 
den. A port or haven for shipping. Addison. An 
asvlum : a shelter. 

To HA'RBOUR, har'-bur. v. n. To receive enter- 
tainment ; to sojourn. Shakspeare. 

To HA'RBOUft, har'-bur. v. a. To entertain ; to 
permit to reside. Shak. To shelter; to secure. 
Sidney. 

HA'RBOURAGE, har'-bur-aje. 90. n. s. Shelter ; 
entertainment. Shakspeare. 

HA'RBOURER, har'-bur-fir. 98. n. s. One that en- 
tertains another. Drayton. 

HA'RBOURLESS, har'-bfir-les. a. Wanting har- 
bour; being without lodging. Wicliff'e. 

HA'RBOUROUS*. SeeHARBOROus. 

HA'RBROUGH. See Harborough. 

HARD§, hard. 78. a. [heapb, Sax.] Firm; resisting 
penetration or separation; not soft. Shak. Diffi 
cult; not easy to the intellect. Sidney. Difficult ol 
accomplishment. Gen. xviii. Painful ; distressful , 
laborious. Gen. xxxv. Cruel; oppressive; rigor 
cus. Locke. Sour; rough; severe. Shak. Unfa 
vourable; unkind. Dryden. Insensible ; inflexible 
Dryden. Obdurate; impenitent. Swift. Unhap 
py; vexatious. Temple. Vehement ; keen ; severe ' 
as, a hard winter. Unreasonable ; unjust. Swift 
Forced ; not easily granted. Burnet. Powerful 
forcible. Addison. Austere; rough, as liquids. Ba 
con. Harsh ; stiff; constrained. Dryderi. Not plen 

spc 
HARD, hard 



Avaricious ; faulti- 



31 pji 

; fan 



tiful ; not prosperous. Dryden. 
ly^sparjng. St. Matt. xxv. 

ad. [hardo, old Germ.] Close; near 
Sidney. Diligently ; laboriously ; incessantly. Dry- 
den. Uneasily; vexatiously. Shak. Distressfully 
Brown. Fast; nimbly; vehemently. U Estrange. 
Wilh difficulty. Bacon. Tempestuously; boister^ 
on si v. Bp. Taylor. 
HARDBESE TTING*, hard-be-set'-llng. part, a 
Closelv surrounding. Milton. 
451 



HAR 



HAR 



(0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



Vehementlj- con- 

)a. Obtained by 
5 great labour 

Coarse ; me- 



HA'RDBOUND, hard'-bSund. a. Costive. Pope. 

HA'RDEARNED*, hard'-ernd. part. a. Earned with 

difficulty. Burke. 
To HA'RDEN, har'-dn. 103. v. n. To grow hard. 

Bacon. 
To HA RDEN, har'-dn. v. a. To make hard ; to in- 
durate. Woodward. To confirm in effrontery ; to 
make impudent. To confirm in wickedness 3 to 
make obdurate. Heb. iii. To make insensible ; to 
stupify. Tillotson. To make firm 5 to endue with 
constancy. Job, vi. 

HA'RDENER, har'-dn-fir. n. s. One that makes any 
thing hard. 

HARDFAYOURED, hard'-fa-vurd. a. [hard and, 
favour.'] Coarse of feature. Dry den. 

HARDFA'VOUREDNESS*, hard'-fa-vurd-nSs. 
n. s. Ugliness: coarseness of features. Wodroephe's 
Fr. Gr. 

HARDFI STED*, hard'-flst-ed. a. Covetous: close- 
handed. Bp. Hall. 

HARDFO'UGHT*, hard'-fawt. a, 
tested. Fanslww. 

HARDGO'T*, hard'-g&t. 

HARDGO'TTEN*, hard'-got-tn. 
and pains. Drayton. 

HARDHANDED, hard'-han-ded 

chanick. Shak. Exercising severity. Milton. 

HA RDHEAD, hard'-hed. n. s. Clash of heads. Dry- 
den. 

HARDHEARTED, hard-hart -ed. a. Cruel 5 inex- 
orable 3 merciless. Shakspeare. 

HARDHE'ARTEDNESS, hard-hart'^d-nes. n. s. 
Cruelty 3 want of tenderness. South. 

HA'RDIHEAD, har'-de-hed. )n.s. Stoutness 3 

HA'RDIHOOD, har'-de-hud. 307. $ bravery. Spen- 
ser. 

ILVRDIMENT, har'-de-ment. n.s. Courage; stout- 
ness 3 bravery. Spenser. 

HA'RDINESS, har'-de-nes. n. s. Hardship ; fatigue. 
Spenser. Stoutness 3 courage ; bravery. Bacon. 
Effrontery ; confidence. 

HARDLA'BOURED, hard-la'-burd. 362. a. Elabo- 
rate ; studied. Sicift. 

HA'RDLY, hard'-le. ad. With difficulty ; not easily. 
Hooker. Scarcely; scant 3 not lightly. Spenser. 
Almost not ; barely. Dryden. Grudgingly ; as an 
injury. Sliak, Severely; unfavourably. Hooker. 
Rigorously 3 oppressively. Clarendon. Unwel- 
comely 3 harshly. Locke. Not softly 3 not tenderly. 
Dryden. 

HA'RDMOUTHED^rard-mSuTHd'. a. Disobedient 
to the rein ; not sensible of the bit. Dryden. 

HA'RDNESS, hard'-nes. n.s. Durity; power of re- 
sistance in bodies. Locke. Difficulty to be under- 
stood. SlwJc. Difficulty to be accomplished. Sid- 
ney. Scarcity ; penury. Swift. Obduracy ; prof- 
ligateness. Ecclus. xvi. Coarseness 3 harshness of 
look. Ray. Keenness ; vehemence of weather. 
Mortimer. Strictness of manners ; austereness. Bp. 
Taylor. Cruelty of temper ; savageness. Shak. 
Stiffness; harshness. Dryden. Faulty parsimony ; 
stinginess. 

HARDNI'BBED*, hard-nib'd'. a. [heapb-nebbe, 
Sax.] Having a hard nib ; by us applied to a pen ; 
by the Saxons, to birds which have a hard beak. 

HA'RDOCK,har'-d6k. n.s. Probably the hoardock, 
i. e. the dock with whitish, woolly leaves. SJiak. 

HARDS, hardz. n.s. [heojibay, Sax.] The refuse 
or coarser part of flax. 

HARDSHIP, hard'-shlp. n. s. [from hard.-] Injury ; 

oppression. Swift. Inconvenience ; fatigue. Sprat. 

HA'RDWARE, hard'-ware. n. s. Manufactures of 

metal. 
HARDWAREMAN, hard'-ware-man. n.s. A ma- 
ker or seller of metalline manufactures. Swift. 
HA RDY §, har'-de. a. [hardi, Fr.] Bold ; brave ; 
stout ; daring. Bacon. Strong; hard; firm. South. 
Confident ; impudent ; viciously stubborn. 
HARE and HERE, differing in pronunciation only, 

signify both an army and a lord. Gibson. 
HARE'S, hare. n. s. [hapa, Sax.] A small quadru- 
ped, remarkable for timidity, vigilance, and fecun- 



dity ; the common game of hunters. More. Aeon 

stellation. Creech. 
To HARE, hare. v. a. [Iiarer, old Fr.] To fright ; to 

hurry with lerrour. Clarendon. 
HA'REBELL, hare'-bel. n. s. A blue flower; cam- 

paniform. Slmkspeare, 
HAREBRAINED, hare'-brand. a. [from hare and 

brain.] Volatile ; unsettled ; wild. Knight. 
HA'REf OOT, hare'-fut. n.s. A bird. Ainsworth. 

An herb. Ainsicorth. 
HAREHE'ARTED*, hare-hart'-gd. a. Timorous ; 

fearful. Ainsiwrth. 
HA'REHQUND* hare'-hS&nd. n. s. A hound for 

hunting hares. 
HA'REHUNTER*, hare'-hunt-ur. n. s. One who is 

fond of hunting hares. Pope. 
HA'REHUNTING*, hare'-hunt-mg. n.s. The diver- 
sion of hunting the hare. Somenmle. 
HA'RELIP, hare' -lip. n. s. A fissure in the upper lip 

with want of substance. Wiseman. 
HARELFPPED*. hareMlpt. a. Having a harelip. 

Ainsworth. 
HA'REMINT*, hare'-mml. n. s. An herb. 
HARE-PIPE*, hare'-plpe. n. s. A snare to catch 

hares. Stat. James I. 
HA'RESEAR. harz'-eer. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
HA'RESLETTUCE*, harz'-let-tls. n. s. [In botany.] 

The sow-thistle. Ainsworth. 
HA'REWORT*, hare'-wurt. n. s. A plant. 
HA'RLCO T*, har'-e-k6. n.s. [Fr.] A kind of ra- 
gout, generally made of meat steaks and cut roots. 

Lord Chesterfield. 
HA'RIER, har'-re-ur. n. s. [from Iwre.] A dog for 

hunting hares. Blount. 

05= Either the spelling or the pronunciation of this word 
should be altered. The spelling necessarily requires 
the a long, as in hare ; and the pronunciation demands 
the r to be doubled. The most rational alteration would 
be, to pronounce it with the a long, and to let the other 
pronunciation be considered as the language of the sta- 
ble, and the field. — See Leash. W. 

HARIOLA'TION*, har-e-o-la'-shun. n. s. [liariola- 
tio, Lat.] Soothsaying. Cockeram. 

HA'RIOT*. See Heriot. 

HA'RISH* hare'-lsh. a. Like a hare. Huloet. 

To HARKS, hark. v. n. \harken, Fris.] To listen. 
Hudibras. 

HARK, hark, interj. [It is originally the imperative 
of the verb hark. 1 ] List ! hear ! listen ! Sluxkspeare. 

HARL, harl. n. s. The filaments of flax. Any fila- 
mentous substance. Mortimer. 

HA/RLEUUIN §, har'-le-km. 415. n. s. [Menage de- 
rives it from a famous comedian that frequented M. 
Harlay's house, whom his friends called Harlequi- 
no, little Harlay.] A buffoon who plays tricks to 
divert the populace ; a Jack-pudding ; a zany. Dry- 
den. 

To HA'RLEQUIN*, har'-le-km. v. a. To conjure 
away, like a harlequin. Green. 

HA'RLOCK*, har'-lok. n. s. A plant. Draijton. 

HA'RLOTS, har'-lat. 166. n. s. [herlcdes, Welsh, a 
gir!.] A whore; a strumpet. Shak. A base person ; 
a rogue ; a cheat. Fox. A servant. Cliaucer. 

HA'RLOT*, har'-lut. a. Like a base person. Sliak. 
Wanton; like a harlot. Milton. 

To HA'RLOT*, har'-lut. v. n. To play the harlot ; 
to keep the company of harlots. Milton. 

HA'RLOTRY, harMut-re. n. s. Ribaldry. Wicliffe. 
The trade of a harlot. Bp. Nicholson. A name of 
contempt for a woman. Shak. Any thing mere- 
tricious. Pursuits of Literature. 

HARMS, harm.jz.s. [heapm, Sax.] Injury; crime ; 
wickedness. Mischief; detriment; hurt. Milton. 

To HARM, harm. v. a. To hurt; to injure. Shak. 

HA'RMFUL, harm'-ful. a. [luxrm and full.] Hurt- 
ful ; mischievous. Spenser. 

HARMFULLY, harm'-ful-e. ad. Hurtfully ; nox- 
iously. Ascham. 

HA RMFULNESS, harm'-ful-nes. n. s. Hurtfulness; 
misehievousness. 

HARMLESS, harm'-l^s. a. Innocent; innoxious; 
not hurtful. Hooker. Unhurt ; undamaged. Raleigh. 
452 



HAR 



HAS 



— nd, mfive. ndr, n6t; — tAbe, tftb, bull;— Sil;— pd&nd;— thin, thjs. 



HARMLESSLY, harm'-lSs-le. ad. Innocently; 
without hurt ; without crime. Walton. 

H\ RMLESSNESS,harm'-leVnes. n.s. Innocence; 
freedom from tendency to injury or hurt. Donne* 

HARMO MCAL, har-mon -o-kal. ) a. [ap,iovtKb<;.] 

HARMO NICK, har-nuV-ik. 508. $ Relating to 
musick ; susceptible of musical proportion to each 
other. Bacon. Concordant; musical. Bacon. 

HARMONICALLY* har-mdn'-e-kal-e. ad. Musi- 
call v. Burton. 

HARMONIOUS, har-m6'-ne-&s. a. Adapted to each 
other ; having the parts proportioned to each other. 
Locke. Musical ; svmphonious. Milton. 

HARMONIOUSLY, har-m6'-ne-6s-le. ad. With 
just adaptation and proportion of parts to each 
"other. Pope. Musically ; with concord of sounds. 
Stilt in? fleet. 

HARflJONIOUSNESS, har-m6'-iie-tis-nes. n. s. 
Pro]X»rtion ; musicainess. 

HA llMOMST*. har'-mi-nlst. n.s. One who under- 
stands the concord of sounds ; one who delights in 
musick. Young. One who brings together corre- 
sponding passages on a subject; a harmonizer. 
Nelson. 

To HA'RMONIZE, har'-m6-nize. r. a. To adjust in 
fit propor'ions. Dryden. 

To HARMONIZE*, har / -m6-nlze. v.n. To agree ; 
to correspond. Light fool. 

HA RMONIZER*, har'-mo-ni-zur. n.s. One who 
brings together corresponding passages on any 
subject. Cleaver. 

HA'RMONY§; har'-mo-ne. n.s. [appovla.] The just 
adaptation of one part to another.' Just proportion 
of sound ; musical concord. Milton. Concord ; 
corresponding sentiment. Milton. 

HA'RNESS§, har'-nfis. n.s. \liarnois, FrJArmour; 
defensive furniture of war. Spenser. The traces 
cf draught horses, particularly of carriages of pleas- 
ure or state. Shakspeare. 

To HA'RNESS, har'-nes. v. a. To dress in armour. 
Shak. To defend ; to protect. 1 Mace. iv. To fix 
horses in their traces. Speiiser. 

HA'RNESSER*, har'-nes-nr. n. s. One who fixes 
horses in their traces. Sherwood. 

HARP§, harp. n.s. [heapp, Sax.] A lyre; an instru- 
ment strung with wire, and commonly struck with 
the finger. "Spenser. A constellation. Creech. 

To HARP, harp. v. a. To plav on the harp. Rev. 
xiv. To touch any passion. Sliakspeai'e. 

To HARP*, harp. v. n. To play upon the harp. 
1 Cor. xiv. To touch; to affect; to move. Shak- 
speare. 

HARPER, har'-pur. 98. n. s. A player on the harp. 
Shakspeare. 

HA'RPING Iron, har'-plng-l'-orn. n.s. [Iw.rpago, 
Lat.l A bearded dart, with a line fastened to the 
handle, with which whales are struck and caught. 
W.Aler. 

HA'RPINGS*, har'-pmgz. n.s. pi. [In naval lan- 
guage.] The breadth of a ship at the bow. 

HARPIST*, har'-pist. n. s. A player on the harp. 
Brown. 

HARPONE'ER, har-poo-neer / . n. s. [liarponeur, 
Fr.] He that throws the harpoon in whalefishing. 

HARPOON $, har-poon'. n. s. [Iwrpon, Span.] A 
harping iron. Dryden. 

HARPOOXER* See Harponeer. 

HA'RPSICHORD, harp'-se-kord. n. s. [luxrpechorde, 
old Fr. formerly written harpsicon.~\ A musical in- 
strument, strung with wires, and played by striking 
keys. Toiler. 

HA'RPY, har'-pe. n.s. [harpyia, Lat.] The har- 
pies were a kind of birds which had the faces of 
women, and foul, long claws, very filthy creatures. 
Raleigh. A ravenous wretch ; an extortioner. 
Shakspeare. 

HA'RQUEBUSS§, har'-kwe-bus. n.s. [See Ar- 
quebcse.] A hand gun. Sliefton. 

HA'RQUEBUSSIER, har-kwe-bfis-seer'. 275. n. s. 

One armed with a harquebuss. Knolles. 
HARR*, tar. n.s. A storm proceeding from the sea. 
See Eagre. Coles. 



HARRATE'EN* har-ra-teen'. n.s. A kind of sunt 
or cloth. Shenstone. 

HAKUIDAN, har'-re-dan. n.s. [corrupted from 
haridi'tle, Fr. a worn-out, worthless horse.] A de- 
cayed strumpet. Swift. 

HARRIER*. See Harier. 

HA'RRICO*. See Haricot. 

HA KROW §, har'-ro. n. s. [charroue, Fr.] A frame 
of timbers crossing each other, and set with teeth, 
drawn over sowed ground to throw the earth over 
the seed. Mortimer. 

To HA'RROW, lmr'-r6. v. a. To cover with earth 
by the harrow. Tusser. To break with the har- 
row. Job, xxxix. To tear up ; to rip up. Shak. To 
pillage ; to strip; to lay waste. Bacon. To invade; 
to harass with incursions, [hep^ian, Sax.] Spen- 
ser. To disturb; to put into commotion. Shak- 
speare. 

HA'RROW, har'-r6. inter}, [harau, old Fr.] An ex- 
clamation of sudden distress. Spenser. 

HA'RROWER, har / -r6-fir. n. s. He who harrows. 
Blount. A kind of hawk. Aiusworth. 

To HA'RRY,. har'-re. t>. a. [harrier, Fr.] To tease 5 
to hare ; to ruffle. Shak. In Scotland it signifies 
to rob, plunder. 

To HA'RRY*, har'-re. v. n. To make harassing in- 
cursion. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HARSH §, harsh, a. [harsch, Dutch.] Austere ; rough- 
ly sour. Den-ham. Rough to the ear. Dryden. 
Crabbed ; morose ; peevish. Bacon. Rugged to 
the touch ; rough. Boyle. Unpleasing ; rigorous; 
Di-yde-n. 

HA'RSHLY, harsh'-le. ad. Sourly ; austerely to the 
palate. With violence. Milton. Severely; mo- 
rosely ; crabbedly. Addison. Unpleasant!}' to the 
ear. Shakspeare. 

HA'RSHNESS, harsh'-nes. n.s. Sourness; austere 
taste. Bacon. Roughness to the ear. Dnjden, 
Ruggedness to the touch. Bacon. Crabbedness j 
peevishness. Shakspeare. 

HART§, hart. n. s. [heopfc, Sax.] A he-deer ; the 
male of the hind. May. 

HA'RTROYAL, hart'-roe-a!. n, s. A plant. 

HA'RTSHORN, harts'-h6rn. n. s. A drug made of 
the horns of the deer. Hill. 

HA'RTSHORN, harls'-horn. n.s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 

HA'RTSTONGUE. harts'-t&ng. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

HA'RTWORT, hart'-w&rt. n.s. An umbelliferous 
plant. Miller. 

HA'RUMSCARUM*, ha-rfim-ska'-rum. a. A low 
expression, applied to flighty persons; persons al- 
ways in a hurry. 

HA'RVEST $, harvest, n. s. [hsepperfc, Sax.] The 
season of reaping and gathering the corn. Shak. 
The corn ripened, gathered, and inned. Dryden. 
The product of labour. Di-yden. 

HARVEST-HOME, har'-vest-hime. n.s. The song 
which the reapers sing at the feast made for having 
inned the harvest. Dnjden. The time of gather- 
ing harvest. Dryden. The opportunity of gather- 
ing treasure. Shakspeare. 

HARVEST-LORD, har'-vgst-ldrd. n.s. The head 
reaper at the harvest. Tusser. 

HARVEST-QUEEN*, har'-vest-kween. n.s. An 
image apparelled in great finery, carried in the 
morning of the conclusive reaping-day, as a repre- 
sentative of Ceres. Hutchinson. 

To HA'RVEST*, har'-vest. v. a. To gather in. 
Sherwood. 

HA'RVESTER, har / -v<Jst-fir. n.s. One who works 
at the harvest. 

HA'RVESTMAN, har'-vgst-man. n. s. A labourer 
in harvest. Abp. Parker. 

HAS t, haz. The third person singular of the verb To 
have. 

To HASH§, hash. v. a. [hocher, Fr.] To mince; to 
chop into small pieces and mingle. Garth. 

HASH*, hash. n. s. Minced meat. Cot grave. 

H4.SK, hask. n.s. [hicass, Swedish.] A case o* 
Habitation made of rushes or flags. Spenser. Ob. J. 
453 



HAT 



HAU 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, pm;— 



HA'SLET, hi'-slet. 3 n, s. [/i«/a, Icel.] The 

HA'RSLET, har'-slet. \ heart, liver, and lights of 
a hog-, with the windpipe and part of the throat 
to it. 

HASP$, hasp. 79. n. s. [hsepr, Sax.] A clasp folded 
over a staple, and fastened on with a padlock. 
Mortimer. A spindle to wind silk, thread, or yarn 
upon. Skinner. 

To HASP, hasp. v.a. To shut with a hasp. Garth. 

HA'SSOCK, has'-sfik. 166. n. s. [Iiaseck, Germ.] A 
thick mat, to kneel on at church. Addison. 

HAST, hast. The second person singular ofliave. 

HASTE §, haste. 74. n. s. [haste, Fr.] Hurry 5 speed ; 
nimbleness; precipitation. Crasliaw. Passion 3 
vehemence. Psalms. 

To HASTE, haste. 472. ) v. n. To make haste ; 

To HA'STEN, haZ-sn, 405. > to be in a hurry. Jer. 
To move with swiftness. Shakspeare. 

To HASTE, haste. ) 472. v. a. To push forward ; 

To HA'STEN, ha/-sn. ) to urge on ; to precipitate; 
to drive a swifter pace. Sliakspeare. 

HA'STENER, ha'-sn-ftr. 98. n.s. One that hastens 
or hurries. Sherwood. One that precipitates, or 
urges on. Hammond. 

HA'STILY, has'-te-le. ad. In a hurry; speedily; 
nimbly; quickly. Spenser. Rashly; precipitately. 
8'i-itt. Passionately ; with vehemence. 

HAJTINESS, hajs'-te-nes. n. s. Haste; speed. 
II any ; precipitation ; Sidney. Rash eagerness. 
Dryden. Angry test iness; passionate vehemence. 

HA'STINGS, has'-tingz. n. s. Peas that come early 
MoHimer. Any early fruit. Cotgrave. 

HA'STY, has'-te. a. (hastif, Fr.]"Quick ; speedy. 
Shak. Passionate ; vehement. Prov. xiv. Rash ; 
precipitate. Prov. xxix. Earl}'; ripe. Isaiah, xxviii. 

HASTY-PUDDING, has'-te-pud'-ing. n. s. A pud- 
ding made of milk and flour, boiled quick to- 
gether. Dorset. 

HAT?, hat. 74. n.s. [hsefc, Sax.] A cover for the 
head. Shakspeare. 

HA'TBAND, hat'-band. 88. n. s. A string tied round 
the hat. Bacon. 

HATBOX*, hat'-b6ks. n.s. The modem word for 
hMcase. 

HA'TCASE, hat'-kase. n. s. A slight box for a hat. 
Addison. 

To HATCH §, hatsh. v. a. [hecken, Germ.] To pro- 
duce young from eggs. Milton. To quicken the 
egg by incubation. Kay. To produce by prece- 
dent, action. Hooker. To form by meditation ; to 
contrive. Hay-ward, [liacher, Fr.] To shade by 
Jines in drawing- or graving. Dryden. To steep. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To HATCH, hatsh. v.n. To be in the state of grow- 
ing quick. Boyle. To be in a state of advance to- 
wards effect. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

HATCH, hatsh. n. s. A brood excluded from the 
<sgg, Tr. Bujfon. The act of exclusion from the 
egg. Disclosure; discovery. Shak. [haeca. Sax.] 
A half door. Shale. In the plural. The doors or 
openings by which they descend from one deck or 
fi<x)r of a ship to another. Dryden. — To he under 
hatches. To be in a state of ignominy, poverty, or 
depression. Locke. — Hatches. Floodgates. Ains- 
worth. 

ToHA'TCHEM, hak'-kl. [hatsh'-el, Perry.] v. a. 
[huchelen, Germ.] To beat flax, so as to separate the 
fibrous from the brittle part. Butler. 

HA'TCHEL, hak'-kl. n. s. The instrument with 
v.'hich flax is beaten. Sherwood. 

HA'TCHELLER, hak'-kl-ttr. n.s. A beater of flax. 
Cotgrave. 

HA'TCHER*, hatsh'-fir. n. s. A contriver. Swift. 

HA'TCHETS, hatsh'-It. 99. n.s. [hache, hachette, 
Fr.] A small axe. Moxon. 

HATCHET-FACE, hatsh'-lt-fase. n.s. An ugly 
face ; such as might be hewn out of a block by a 
hatchet. Dryden. 

HA TCHING*, hatsh'-ntg. n. s. A kind of drawing. 
See To Etch. Han-is. 

HA'TCHMENT, hatsh'-ment. n. s. [corrupted from 
achievement.'] An armorial escutcheon, exhibited 



on the hearse at funerals; and sometimes hung up 
in churches. Shakspeare. 

HA'TCHWAY, hatsh'-wa. n. s. The way over or 
through the hatches. 

To HATE §, hate. 74. v. a. [hatian, Sax.] To de 
test; to abhor; to abominate. Wisd. xii. 

HATE, hate. n. s. [hate, Sax.] Malignity ; detesta 
tion ; the contrary to love. Shakspeare. 

HA'TEABLE* hate^a-b). a. Detestable. Sherwood 

HA'TEFUL, hate'-ful. a. Causing abhorrence 
odious. Shakspeare. Abhorrent ; detesting ; ma 
lignant. Dryden. 

HA'TEFULLY, hateMul-e. ad. Odiously; abomi 

* nably. Drummond. Malignantly ; maliciously 
Ezelc. xxiii. 

HA'TEFULNESS, hate'-ful-nes. n. s. Odiousness. 

HA'TER, ha'-tur. 98. n. s. One that hates ; an abhor 
rer. Sidney. 

HA'TRED, ha'-tred. n. s. Hate ; ill-will ; malignity ; 
abhorrence. Locke. 

HA'TTED*, hat'-ted.*. Wearing a hat of any kind. 
Tourueur. 

To HA'TTER, hat'-tfir. v.a. [perhaps corrupted 
from batter.] To harass; to weary; to wear out 
with fatigue. Dryden. 

HA'TTER, hat'-tfir. 98. n. s. A maker of hats. Swift. 

HA'TTOCK, hat'-tfik. 166. n.s. [attack, Erse.] A 
shock of corn. 

HA'UBERK, haw'-berk. 213. n. s. [hauberg, old Fr.] 
A coat of mail without sleeves, made of plate or 
of chain mail. Spenser. 

HAUGHf, haw. n.s. A little meadow lying in a 
valley. See Haw. 

35= This word, though for ages obsolete, or heard only in 
the proper names of Fetherst.onehaugh, Philiphaugh, 
Sec, seems to have risen from the dead in the lato 
whimsical deception we meet with in some garden?, 
where we are suddenly stopped by a deep valley wholly 
imperceptible till we come to the edge of it. The ex- 
pression of surprise, Hah! hah! which generally 
breaks out upon a discovery of this deception, is com- 
monly supposed to be the origin of this word; but the 
old word, haugh, is so nearly related to the significa- 
tion of the new term, haw, haw, that it seems much the 
more natural parent of it. W. 

HAUGHTY, hawt. a. [halt, hault, old Fr.] Haughty; 
insolent. Shak. High ; proudly magnanimous. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

HA'UGHTILY, haw'-te-le. ad. Proudly; arrogant 
ly; contemptuously. Micah,'\\. 

HA'UGHTINESS, haw'-te-nes. n.s. Pride; arro- 
gance. Dryden. 

HA'UGHTY, haw'-te. 393. a. Proud : insolent ; arro- 
gant ; contemptuous. Clarendon. Proudly great 
Prior. Bold; adventurous. Spenser. High ; proudly 
magnanimous. Sluik. High; loftv. Mir. for Mag. 

To HAUL §, hawl. v.a. [fu 'erf Fr.] To pull ; to 
draw ; to drag by violence. Shakspeare. 

To HAUL the Wind*. To direct the course of a 
ship nearer to that point of the compass, from 
which the wind arises. 

HAUL, hawl. n. s. Pull; violence in dragging 
Thomson, 

ToHAULSE*. See TVHalsje. 

HA'ULSER*. See Halser. 

HAUM, hawm. 213. n.s. [healm, Sax.] The stem or 
stalk of corn. Tusser. A horse-collar. Sherwood. 
Written also liame, halm, haulm, liawm, and helm. 

HAUNCH §, hantsh. 214. n. s. [hancke, Dutch; 
hanche, Fr.] The thigh ; the hip. Spenser. The 
rear; the hind part. Shakspeare. 

HA'UNCHED*, hantsh'-ed, or hantsht. a. Having 
haunches. Sherwood. 

To HAUNT §, bant. v.a. [hunter, Fr.] Originally, to 
accustom. Wiclife. To frequent ; to be much 
about any place or person. Sidney. It is used fre- 
quently in an ill sense of one that comes unwelcome. 
Shak. It is eminently used of apparitions that ap- 
pear in a particular place. Fairfax. 

95" This word was in quiet possession of its true sound 
till a late dramatick piece made its appearance, which, 
to the surprise of those who had heard the language- 
spoken half a centur , was, by some Bneakors, called. 
454 



HAW 



HAZ 



— iuS. move, nor, not ;— tube, tfib, bull;— All;— pflfindj— tfn 



the Ilairntrtl Tower. This was certainly the improve- 
ment of some critick in the language ; for a plain com- 
mon speaker would undoubtedly have pronounced the 

a« as iii (unit, jaunt, &c, and as it had always been pro 
BOUOCed in the Drummer, or the Haunted flause. That 
this pronunciation is agreeable to analogy, see Princi- 
ples, No. -214. W. 



ap- 



lb HAUNT, hAnt. r. ». To be much about 

pear frequently. Shakspeare. 
HAUNT, bant. ?/. s. Custom; practice. Chancer. 
Place in which one is frequently found. 1 Sam. 
xxiii. Habit of being in a certain place. Arbuth- 
;iot. 
HA INTER, hlnl'-dr. 93. n, s. Frequenter 3 one 

iliat is olien found in any place. Wotton. 
HAUST*, hawst. n.s. (iwuistus, Lat.l A draught; 
as much as a man can swallow. Coles, [hpopfca, 
Sax.] A dry cough. Ray. 
HA UTBOY, h6'-b6e. n.s. [haul bois, Fr.] A wind 

instrument. Shakspeare. 
HAUTE' UR*, ho-ture'. n.s. [Fr.] Pride; inso- 
lence; haughtiness. Bp. Ellys. 
UAUT-GOUT*, h6-g6o'. nrs. [Fr.] Anything 
with a suong relish, or with a strong scent. Butler. 
TbHAVEJ, lutv. 75. v.a. In the present, I have, 
thou hast, he hath, or has ; we, ye. they, have ; pret. 
and part. pass. had. [habban. Sax. hebben, Dutch.] 
Not to be without. Acts, xxv. To carry ; to wear. 
Sidney. To make use of. Judges, xvii. To pos- 
sess. Exod. xvi. To obtain; to enjoy. St. John, 
xvii. To take ; to receive. Dryden. To be in 
any state. 1 Sam. xxi. To put; to take. Tusser. 
To procure; to find. Locke. Not to neglect; not 
to omit. Shak. To hold ; to regard. Psalms. To 
maintain ; to hold opinion. Bacon. To contain. 
Shak. To require ; to claim. Dryden. To be a 
husband or wife to another. Shak. To be engaged, 
as in a task. Hooker. To wish ; to desire. Psalms. 
To buy. Collier. It is most used in English, as in 
other European languages, as an auxiliary verb 
to make the tenses ; have, hast, and hath or lias, 
the preterperfect ; and liad and hadst the preterplu- 
perlect. — Have at, or with, is an expression denot- 
ing resolution to make some attempt. Shak. Have 
after : an expression of the same import as Have 
with you, i. e. I will follow you. Slutkspeare. 

HA' VE LESS*, hav'-Jes. ex. Having little or nothing. 
Gower. An old word. 

HAVEN v\ ha -vn. 103. n.s. [haepen, Sax.] A port; 
a harbour; a station for ships. Sidney. A shelter; 
an asylum. Shakspeare. 

HAVENER, ha'-vn-Gr. n.s. A 
Carew. 

HAVER, hay'-fir. 98. n. s. Possessor ; holder. 

HA'VER, hav'-ur. n.s. A common word in the 
northern counties for oats. Peacham. 

HA'VERSACK* hav'-&r-sak. n.s. A kind of coarse 
bag in which soldiers carry provisions. 

HAVING, h.av'-Ing. n.s. Possession; estate; for- 
tune. Shak. The act or state of possessing. Sid- 
ney, [haef, Su. Goth, from haefva.] Behaviour ; 
regularity. 

HAVTOUR, lm'-ve-ur. [hay'-yftr, Sheridan.] n.s. 
Conduct ; manners. Spenser. 

HA'VOCK$, hav'-vuk. 166. n.s. [hapoc, Sax.] 
W aste ; wide and general devastation. Spenser. 

HA VOCK, hav'-vuk. irtterj. A word of encourage- 
ment to slaughter. Shakspeare. 

To HA'VOCK, hav'-vuk. v.a. To waste; to de- 
stroy ; to lay waste. Sjienser. 

HAW }, haw. n.s. The berry and seed of the haw- 
thorn, [ha^, Sax.] Tusser. An excrescence in 
the eye. Huloet. A small piece of ground adjoin- 
ing to a house, [ha£a, Sax.] A hedge, or any 
enclosure. Chaucer. Formerly, a dale ; written 
fiawgh, or haugh. See Ha ugh. 

HAW*, haw. n.s. [See Ha.] An intermission orj 
hesitation of speech. | 

To HAW, haw. p. n. To speak slowly with frequent 
intermission and hesitation. L' Estrange. 

HAYVHA'W*, haw-haw', n. s. [apparently a dupli- j 
cation of haw, in the sense of any enclosure.] A | 



fence or bank tha< interrupts an alley or walk, 
sunk between two slopes, and not perceived till 
'iied. Green. 
hawk. 71. s. [hapoc, Sax.] A bird of prey, 



I1A 



An overseer of a port. 



approached. Green. 

WK §, hawk. n.s. [impoc, £>ax.j a Dirct ol prey, 
used much anciently in sport to catch other birds. 
Shak. [hoch, Welsh.] An effort to force phlegm 
up the throat. 
To HAWK. hawk. v.n. To fly hawks at fowls; to 
catch birds by means of a hawk. Locke. To fly 
at ; to attack on the wing. Shak. [hochio, Welsh.] 
To force up phlegm with a noise. Harvey. 
To HAWK*, hawk. v. a. [hocker, Germ.] To sell 

by proclaiming it in the streets. Swift. 
HAWK-EYED*, hawk'-lde. a. Having a keen eye, 

like that of the hawk. 
HAWK-NOSED*, hawk'-nozd. a. Having an aqui 

line nose. Ferrand. 
HA'WKED. fa£V-kM 366. a. Formed like a 

hawk's bill, h-own. 
HAWKER, haw'-kfir. 98. n.s. A falconer, [hape- 
cepe, Sax.] Harmar. One who sells his wares 
by proclaiming them in the street, [hocker, Germ.] 
Swift. 
HA'WKING*, hawk'-mg. n.s. The diversion of 

flying hawks. Locke. 
HA'WKWEED, hawk'-weed. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
HA'WSER*. See Halser. 
HA'WSES, haw'-s?z. 99. n.s. Two round holea un- 
der a ship's head or beak, through which the ca- 
bles pass. Han-is. 
HA'WTHORN, haw'-*/i6rn. n. s. [hee^-Sopn, Sax.] 
A species of medlar ; the thorn that bears haws. 
Miller. 
HA'WTHORN FLY, haw'-tfiorn-fll. n.s. An insect. 

Walton. 
HAY §, ha. n. s. [hie^, hi£, Sax.] Grass dried to 
fodder cattle in winter. Camden. — To dance the 
hay. To dance in a ring. Davies. 
HAY, ha. n. s. [hseg, Sax.] A hedge. Chaucer. A 
net which encloses the haur.t of an animal. Har- 
mar. 
To HAY*, ha. v. n. To lay snares for rabbits. Hu- 
loet. 
HA'YCOCK*, ha'-k6k. n.s. A heap of fresh hay. 
HA'YLOFT*, ha'-loft. n. s. A loft to put hay in. 

Gxy. 
HA'YMAKER, ha'-ma-kur. n. s. One employed in 

drying grass for hay. Pope. 
HA'YJVIARKET*, ha'-mar-ket. n. s. A place ap- 
propriated to ihe sale of hay. 
HA'YMOW*, ha'-moii. n. s. A mow of hay. 
HA'YRICK* ha'-rlk. n. s. A rick of hay. 
HA'YSTACK* ha'-stak. n. s. A slack of hay. 
HA'YSTALK*, ha'-stawk. n. s. A stalk of hay. 
HA'YTHORN*, ha'-^6rn. n. s. Hawthorn. Scott. 
HA'YWARD*, ha'-ward. n.s. A keeper of the com- 
mon herd of cattle of a town or village ; who takes 
care that they neither crop nor break the hedges of 
enclosed grounds. Sherwood. 
HA'ZARD §, haz'-urd. 88. n. s. [hasard, Fr.] Chance 5 
accident ; fortuitous hap. Shak. Danger; chance 
of danger. Hooker. A game at dice. Chaucer. 
To HA'ZARD, haz'-urd. v. a. To expose to chance. 

Hooker. 
To HA'ZARD, haz'-urd. v. n. To try the chance. 

Shakspeare. To adventure. Waller. 
HA'ZARDABLE, haz'-ur-da-bl. a. Venturous ; lia- 
ble to chance. Brown. 
HA'ZARDER, hdz'-ur-dar. n.s. He who hazards. 

A gamester. Chaucer. 
HA'ZARDRY, haz'-fir-dre. n.s. Temerity ; precipi- 
tation. Spenser. Gaming in general. Chaucer. 

HAZARDOUS, haz'-ur-dfis. a. Dangerous; expos- 
ed to chance. Dryden. 

HAZARDOUSLY, haz'-ar-d&s-le. ad. With danger 
or chance. Sherwood. 

HAZE $, haze. n. s. Fog; mist. Burke. 

To HAZE, haze. v. n. To be foggy or misty. Ray. 

To HAZE, haze. v. a. To fright one. Ainswnrih. 

HA'ZEL§, ha'-z'l. 102. n.s. [haerel, Sax.] Nut tree 
Miller. 

465 



HEA 



HEA 



lET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



HA'ZEL, ha'-z'l. a. Light brown 5 of the colour of 
hazel. Mortimer. 

HA/ZELLY, ha'-z'l-e. a. Of the colour of hazel ; a 
light brown. Mortimer. 

HA'ZY, ha'-ze. a. Dark ; foggy; misty. Bwtiet. 

HE §,hee. pronoun, gen. him ; plur. they ; gen. /Am. 
[he, Sax.] The man that was named before. Shak. 
The man ; the person. Daniel. Man or male being. 
Shak. Male : as, a he bear, a he goat. Bacon. 

HEAD$, hed. 234. w.s. [l;eaj:ob,heat:b, Sax.] The 
part of the animal that contains the brain or the or- 
gan of sensation or thought. Spenser. Person, as 
exposed to any danger or penalty. Shak. — Head 
and ears. The whole person. Beaumont and Fl. — 
Denomination of any animals. Addison. Chief; 
principal person ; one to whom the rest are subor- 
dinate. Bacon. Place of honour ; the first place. 
Addison. Place of command. Addison. Counte- 
nance ; presence. Dryden. Understanding ; facul- 
ties of the mind. Locke. Face ; front ; fore part. 
Dryden. Resistance ; hostile opposition. Spenser. 
Spontaneous resolution. Davies. State of a deer's 
horns, by which his age is known. Shak. Individ- 
ual. Graunt. The top of any thing bigger than 
the rest. 1 Sam. The fore part of any thing, as of 
a ship. Raleigh. That which rises on the top. 
Mortimer. The blade of an axe. Deut. xix. Up- 
per part of a bed. Gen. xlvii. The brain. Pope. 
Dress of the head. Swift, Principal topick of dis- 
course. Burnet. Source of a stream. Raleigh. 
Crisis ; pitch. Addison. Power ; influence ; force ; 
strength. Milton. Body ; conflux. Bacon. Pow- 
er; armed force. Sliak. Liberty in running a 
horse. Sliak. License; freedom from restraint. 
South. It is very improperly applied to roots. 
Gay. — Head and shoulders. By force ; violently. 
Felton. 

HEAD, hed. a. Chief; principal. Clarendon. 

To HEAD, hed. v. a. To lead 5 to influence ; to di- 
rect ; to govern. Dryden. To behead ; to kill by 
taking away the head. Shak. To fit any thing 
with a head, or principal part. Spenser. To lop 
trees. Mortimer. 

HE'ADACHE,hecl / -ake.355. n.s. Pain in the head. 
Locke. 

HE'ADBAND, hed'-band. n. s. A fillet for the head ; 
a topknot. Isaiah. The band at each end of a 
book. 

HE'ADBOROUGH, he^-bur-ri. n.s. [liead and 
borough.'] A constable; a subordinate constable. 
Camden. 

HEADDRESS, h^d'-dres. n. s. The covering of a 
woman's head. Addison-. Any thing resembling 
a headdress, and prominent on the head. Addi- 
son. 

HEADED*, hgd'-gd. a. Having a head or top. Shak. 
Much used in composition ; as, clear-headed, long- 
headed. &lc. Dryden. 

HEADER, hed'-dur. 98. n. s. One that heads nails 
or pins, &c. One who heads a mob or party. The 
first brick in the angle. Moxon. 

HEADGARGLE, hgd'-gar-gl. n. s. [head and gar- 
gle.] A disease in cattle. Mortimer. 

HEADGEAR*, hed'-geer. n.s. [head and gear.] 
The dress of a woman's head. Burton. 

HEADINESS, hSd'-de-nfs. n. s. Hurry; rashness ; 
stubbornness ; precipitation. Spenser. 

HEADLAND. hSd'-land. n.s. Promontory; cape. 
Dryden. Ground under hedges. Tusser. 

HEADLESS, hSd'-les. a. Without a head ; be- 
headed. Spenser. Without a chief. Raleigh. 
Without foundation. Bacon. Obstinate ; inconsid- 
erate ; ignorant ; wanting intellects. Spenser. 

HEADLONG, hed'-l&ng. a. Steep; precipitous. 
Milton. Rash ; thoughtless. Sudden ; precipitate. 
Sidney. 

HEADLONG, hed'-long. ad. With the head fore- 
most. Shak. Rashly ; without thought ; precipi- 
tately. South. Hastily; without delay or respite. 
Dryden. 
HE' ADMAN*, hSd'-man. n. s. [heapobman, Sax.] 
A chief. Huloet. 



HEADMONEY*, hed'-mSn-ne. n. s. A capitation 
tax. Milton. 

HEADMOULD-SHOT^ed'-mild-shot. n. s. [head, 
mould, and shot.] This is when the sutures of the 
skull, generally the coronal, have their edges shot 
over one another. Quincy. 

HEADPAN*, hecl'-pan. n. s. The brain pan. 

HEADPENCE*, hed'-pense. n.s. A kind of poll-tax 
formerly collected in the county of Northumber- 
land. 

HEADPIECE, hed'-peese. n.s. Armour for the 
head; helmet; morion. Sidney. Understanding; 
force of mind. Shakspeare. 

HEADQUA'RTERS, hed-kwarMurz. n.s. The 
place of general rendezvous, or lodgement for sol- 
diers. Collier. 

HEADSHA'KE*, hed'-shake. n.s. A significant 
shake of the head. Shakspeare. 

HEADSHIP, hed'-shlp. n.s. Dignity; authority; 
chief place. Hales. 

HEADSMAN, hgdz'-man. 88. n.s. Executioner; 
one that cuts off heads. Dryden. 

HEADSPRING*, hed'-sprlng. n. s. Fountain ; ori- 
gin. Siapleton. 

HEADSTALL, hed'-stall. 406. n. s. Part of the bri- 
dle that covers the head. Shakspeare. 

HEADSTONE, hgd'-stone. n.s. The first or capital 
stone. Psalm cxviii. A grave-stone. 

HEADSTRONG, he^-strfing. a. Unrestrained; 
violent ; ungovernable. Hooker. 

HEADSTRONGNESS*, hgd'-strdng-nes. n.s. Ob- 
stinacy. Gaijton. 

HEADTIRE*, h&i'-tire. n. s. Attire for the head. 
1 Esdr. iii. 

HEADWAY*, hed'-wa. n. s. [In naval language.] 
The motion of advancing at sea. 

HEADWO'RKMAN, hed-wfirk'-man.n.s. The fore- 
man. Swift. 

HEADY, he'd'-de. a. Rash ; precipitate ; hasty ; vi- 
olent. Shakspeare. Apt to affect the head. Boyle. 
Violent ; impetuous. Shaks]ieare. 

To HEALS, hele. 227. v. a. [hselan, Sax.] To cure 
a person ; to restore from hurt or sickness. Jer.xxx. 
To restore any thing from an unsound to a sound 
state. 2 Kings, ii. To cure a wound or distemper. 
Wiseman. To perform the act of making a sore 
to cicatrize. Wiseman. To reconcile : as, He heal- 
ed all dissensions. 

To HEAL, hele. v. n. To grow well. Sharp. 

To HEAL*, hele. v. a. To cover. See To Hele. 

HE ALABLE*, heMa-bl. a. Capable of being healed. 
Sherwood. 

HEALER, hele'-ur. n.s. One who cures or heals. 
Isaiah. 

HEALING, hele'-mg. part. a. Mild ; mollifying ; 

gentle ; assuasive. Milton. ^ 
ALING*, hele'-fng. n. s. The act or power of 
curing. Malachi, iv. The act of covering. See 
Heling. 

HEALTHS, hfath. 234. n.s. [hseel, hel, Sax.] Free- 
dom from bodily pain or sickness. Quincy. Wel- 
fare of mind ; purity ; goodness. Common Prayer. 
Salvation, spiritual and temporal. Psalms. Wish 
of happiness used in drinking. Shakspeare. 

HEALTHFUL, heW-ful. a. Free from sickness. 
South. Well disposed. Shak. Wholesome; sa- 
lubrious. Bacon. Salutary ; productive of salva- 
tion. Common Prayer. 

HEALTHFULLY, heW-ful-e. ad. In health. Sir 
M. Sandys. 

HEALTHFULNESS, heW-ffil-nes. n.s. State of 
being well. Patrick. Wholesomeness ; salubrious 

Suahties. King Charles. 
ALTHILY, heltfi'-e-le. ad. Without sickness or 
pain. Sherwood. 
HEALTHINESS, hgW-e-nes. n. s. The state of 

health. 
HEALTHLESS, heW-les. a. Weak ; sickly ; in- 
firm. Mirror for Magistrates. Not conducive to 
health. Bp. Taylor. 
HEALTHSOME, hek/i'-s&m. a. Wholesome ■ salu- 
tary. Shakspeare. 

456 



HEA 



HEA 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t •,— tube, tub, bull -,—611 ;— pfiund ;— tli'm, Tui 



HE ALTHY, heW»'-e. a. Enjoying health ; free from 
sickness ; hale ; sound. Soutli. Conducive to health ; 
wholesome. Locke. 

HE AM, heem. «. s. In bea9ts, the same as the after- 
birth in women. 

HEAP§,h*pe.227. 71.5. [heap, Sax.] Many single 
things thrown together ; a pile ; an accumulation. 
Shale. A crowd ; a throng ; a rabble. Bacon. 
Cluster; number driven together. Dry den. 

To HEAP, hepe. v. a. To throw on heaps ; a pile ; j 
to throw together. Ezek. xxiv. To accumulate ; to 
lay up. Job, xxvii. To add to something else. 
Shakspeare. 

HE'APER, he'-pftr. 98. n. s. One that makes piles or 
heaps. Shencood. 

HE APIA'*, hepe'-le. ad. In heaps. Hvloct. Ob. T. 

ill'.APV. he'-pe. a. Lying in heaps. Rowe. 

To HEAR $, here. 227. t>. n. [henan, Sax.] Toenjoy 
the sense by which sounds are distinguished. Hol- 
der. Tu listen; to hearken to. Mition. To <be 
told ; to have an account. Acts, ix. 

To HEAR, here. v. a. To perceive by the ear. 2 
Ckron. v. To give an audience, or allowance to 
speak. Acts, xxiv. To attend ; to listen to; to 
obey. Proverbs. To attend favourably. St. Matt. 
To "try; to attend judicially. Deitt. i. To attend, 
as to one speaking. Milton. To acknowledge a 
title ; to be spoken of. Spenser. — To hear say. An 
elliptical expression for to hear a thing said. Dent. 
ix. To hear a bird sing. A proverbial expres- 
sion ; implying the receipt of a private communica- 
tion. Sluxkspcare. 

HEARD f, herd. 234. The pret. of To liear. 

£5" We frequently hear this word pronounced so as to 
rhyme with feared. But if this were the true sound, it 
ought to he written heared, and considered as regular : 
the short sound, like herd , is certainly the true pronunci- 
ation, and the verb is irregular. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Narcs. Mr. Smith, and W. Johnston, mark the word as I 
have done. W. 

HEARD signifies a keeper ; as lieardbearM, a glo- 1 
rioos keeper ; ajneheard, a royal keeper. Gibson. ' 
Now written herd, as Cowlierd, a cowkeeper. 

HEARD*, herd. )n.s. A keeper 

HEARDGROOM* herd'-groom. S ofheards. See 
Herd and Hf.rdgroom. 

HE'ARER.r ',|e'-ur. 98. n. s. One who hears. Sid- 
ney. One. Mho attends to doctrine or discourse 
orallv delivered by another ; as, the hearers of the 
gospel. One of a collected audience. B. Jonson. 

HEARING, here'-ing. n. s. The sense by which! 
rounds are perceived. Bacon. Audience. Shak. 
Judicial trial. Acts, xxv. Note by the ear; reach! 
of the ear. Hooker. 

To HE'ARKEN ^harMui. 103,243.™. [heopeman, I 
Sax.] To listen ; to listen eagerly. Shakspeare. To i 
attend ; to pay regard. Numbers, xxiii. 

To HE ARKEN*. har'-kn. r. a. To hear by listen- j 
ing. Spenser. To hear with attention. Lydgute. 

HE ARKENER, har'-kn-ur. n. s. Listener ; one 1 
that hearkens. Barret. 

1IEARSAL*, her'-sal. n.s. [properly from hear.] j 

Rehearsal ; relation. Spenser. 
HE'ARSAY, here'-sa. n.s. Report; rumour. Ra- 1 

lejcrh. I 

HEARSE§. herse. 234. n. s. [hyp.]^ ai1 > Sax.] AJ 
temporary monument set over a grave. Weerer. 
The place, or the case, in which a dead corse is de- 
posited. Fairfax. A carriage, in which the dead 
are conveyed to the grave. Roscommon. 
To HEARSE*, herse. v. a. To enclose in a hearse, or 

coffin. Shaks^vare. 
HE'ARSECLOTH*, nerse'-kl&tfi. n. s. A covering 

thrown over the hearse ; a pall. Sanderson. 
HE ARSELIKE,. herse'-Uke. a. Mournful ; suitable 

to a funeral. Bacon. 
HEART*, hart. 243. n. s. [heonfc, Sax.] The mus- 
cle which, by its contraction and dilation, propels 
the blood through the course of circulation, and is 
tnerefore considered as the source of vital motion. 
Smith. It is supposed in popular language to be 
tne seat of courage, affection, honesty, baseness, 
58 



&lc. Sidney. The chief part ; the vital part. Ba- 
con. The inner part of any thing. Abbot. Person; 
character. Shak. Courage ; spirit. Sidneij. Seat 
of love. Pope. Affection; inclination. 2 Sam. xiv. 
Memory. Raleigh. Good-will ; ardour of zeal. 
Hooker. Passions; anxiety; concern. Shak. Se- 
cret thoughts ; recesses ot the mind. 2 Sam. vi. 
Disposition of mind. Sidney. A luxrd heart is cru- 
elty. Shak. — To find in the heart. To be not whol- 
ly averse. Sidneij. Secret meaning ; hidden in- 
tention. Shak. Conscience; sense of good or ill. 
Hooker. Strength ; power. Bacon. Utmost de- 
gree. Shak. Life. Shak. It is much used in com- 
position for mind, or affection. 
HEART-ACHE, hart'-ake. 355. n. s. Sorrow ; pang. 

Shakspeare. 
HEART-APPALLING*, hart'-ap-pall'-ing. a. Dis- 

maving the heart. Thomson. 
HEART-BLOOD*, hart' -blud. n.s. The blood of 
the heart ; life. Sliakspeare. Essence. Shakspeare. 
HEART-BREAK, harV-brake. n. s. Overpowering- 
sorrow. Shakspeare. 
HEART-BREAKER, hart'-bra-kfir. n.s. A cant 
name for a woman's curls, or rather for the love- 
locks of the other sex. Hudibras. 
HEART-BREAKING, harl'-bra-klng. a. Overpow- 
ering with sorrow. Spenser. „ 
HEART-BREAKING. hart'-bra-klng. n. s. Over- 
powering grief. Hakewill. 
HEART-BRED*, hart'-bred. a. Bred in the heart. 

Crasliaw. 
HEART-BROKEN*, hart'-br6-kn. a. Having the 

heart overpowered with grief. 
HEART-BURIED*, hart'-ber-rld. a. Deeply im- 
mersed. Young. 
HEART-BURN*, hart'-born. n. s. Pain proceeding 

from an acrid humour in the stomach. 
HEART-BURNED, hart'-b&rn'd. a. Having the 

heart inflamed. Shakspeare. 
HEART-BURNING, hart'-bur-nlng. n. s. Pain at 
the stomach, from an acrid humour. Woodicard. 
Discontent; secret enmity. Swift. 
HEART-BURNING*, hart'-burn-mg. a. Causing 

discontent. Middleton. 
HEART-CHILLED*, hart'-tshild. a. Having the 

heart chilled. Shenslove. 
HEART-CONSUMING*, hart'-kon-su'-mmg. a. 

Destroying the peace of the heart. Edwards. 
HEART-CORRODING*, hart'-k&r-ro'-dkg. a. 

Preving on the heart. 
HEART-DEAR, hart'-dere. a. Sincerely beloved. 

Shaks-fieare. 
HEART-DEEP*, hart'-deep. a. Rooted in the heart. 

Herbert. 
HE ART-DISCOURA GING* hart'-dls-kur'-ldje- 

?ng. a. Depressing the heart. Scndh. 
HEART-EASE, hart'-eze. n.s. Quiet; tranquillity. 

Shakspeare. 
HEART-EASING, hart'-ez-mg. a. Giving quiet 

MVdon. 
HEART^EATING* hart'-eet-ing. a. Preying on 

the heart. Burton. 
HEART-EXPANDING*, hart'-eks-pand'-Ing. a. 

Opening the feelings of the heart. Thomson. 
HEART-FELT, harV-felt. a. Felt in the conscience. 

Pope. 
HEART-GRIEF*, hart'-greef. n. s. Affliction of the 

heart. Milton. 
HEART-HARDENED*, hart'-har-dn'd. a. Obdu- 
rate •, impenitent. Hannar. 
HEART-HARDENING*,hart / -har-dn-mg, a. Ren- 
dering stern or obdurate. Shakspeare. 
HEART-HEAVINESS*, hart'-hev-e-nds. n. «. 

Heaviness of heart. Shakspeare. 
HEART-OFFENDING*, hart'-6f-fend'-ing. a. 

Wounding the heart Shakspeare. 
HEART -PEAS, hart' peze. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
HEART-QUELLING, hart'-kwel-ling. a. Con- 
quering the affections. Spenser. 
HEART-RENDING, hart'-rend-ing. a. Killed with 

anguish. Waller. 
HEART-ROBBING, hart / -r6b-b!ng. a. Ecstatick , 
457 



HEA 



HEA 



O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met 5 — pine, pin ;— 



depriving of thought. Spenser. Stealing the heart, 
or affections* Spenser. 
HEART-SICK, h&rt'-slk. a. [heojifc-reoc, Sax.] 
Pained in mind. Bp. Taylor. Mortally ill 5 hurt 
in the heart. Shakspeare. 
HEARTS-EASE, harts'-eze. n. s. A plant. Morti- 
mer. A toy, or ornament, formerly so called. 
HEART-SORE, hart'-sore. n. s. That which pains 

the mind. Spenser. 
HEART-SORE*, hart'-s6re. a. Violent with pain at 

heart. Shakspeare. 
HEART-SORROWING*, hart'-s6r-r6-ing. a. Sor 

rowing at heart. Sliakspeare. 
HEART-STRINGS, hart'-strings. n. s. The ten- 
dons, or nerves, supposed to brace and sustain the 
heart. Spenser. 
HEART-STRUCK, hart'-struk. a. Driven to the 
heart j infixed for ever in the mind. Sliak. Shock- 
ed with fear or dismay. Milton. 
HEART-SWELLING, hart'-swel-ling. a. Rankling 

in the mind. Spenser. 
HEART-SWELLING* hart'- sw& -ling. n. s. Ran- 
cour; swelling passion. Quaries. 
HEART-WHOLE, hart'-h6le. 397. a. With the af- 
fections yet unfixed. Shak. With the vitals yet 
unimpaired. 
HEART- WOUNDED, hart'-wd5n-ded. a. Filled 

with passion of love or grief. Pope. 
HE ART- WOUNDING, hart'-woSn-dmg. a. Filling 

with grief. Rowe. 
To HEART*, hart. v. a. [hypfcan, Sax.] To en- 
courage ; to hearten. Bp. Prideaux. 
To HEART-STRIKE*, hart'-strlke. v. a. To af- 
fect at heart. B. Jonson. 
HE'ARTED, hart'-ed. a. Sealed or fixed in the 

heart. S'mk. Laid up in the heart. Shakspeare. 
To HEARTEN ^ har'-t'n. 243. v. a. [hiejifcan, 
Sax.] To encourage; to animate; to stir up. Sid- 
ney. To meliorate or renovate with manure. May. 
HE'ARTENER*, hart'-ln-ur. n. s. That which ani- 
mates or stirs up. Brown. 
HEARTH 6, hhcth. 243. n.s. [heoji'8, Sax.] The 
pavement of a room on which a fire is made. Shak. 

§5= Till I had inspected the dictionaries, I could not 
conceive that there were two pronunciations of this 
word ; but now I find, that Mr. Elphinston, W. John- 
ston, and Buchanan, sound the diphthong as in earth and 
dearth : while Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrlck, Mr. Nares, 
Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Barclay, give it as I have 
done. TV. 

HEARTH-MONEY*, hart/i-mun-ne. ; 

HEARTH-PENNY*, hartt'-pen-ne. 5 

upon hearths, also called chimney -money. Blackstone. 

HE'ARTILY, har'-te-le. ad. From the heart ; fully. 
Prior. Sincerely; actively ; diligent)}". Atterbury. 
Eagerly ; with desire. Addison. 

HEARTINESS, har'-te-nes. n.s. Sincerity; free- 
dom from hypocrisy. Shak. Vigour; eagerness. 
Bp. Taylor. 

HEARTLESS, harl'-les. a. Without courage ; spir- 
itless. Spenser. 

HEARTLESSLY, hart'-les-le. ad. Without cour- 
age ; faintly ; timidly. 

HE 7 ARTLESSNESS, hartMes-nes. n. s. Want of 
courage, or spirit; dejection of mind. Bp. Hall. 

HE'ARTY, har'-te. 243. a. Sincere ; undissembled ; 
warm; zealous. Proverbs, xxvii. In full health. 
Vigorous; strong. Pope. Strong; hard; durable. 
Wotton. 

HEARTY-HALE, har'-te-hale. a. Good for the 
heart. Spenser. 

HEAST*. See Hest. 

HEAT §, hete. 227. n.s. [heafc, hsete, Sax.] The sen- 
sation caused by the approach or touch of fire. 
Locke. The cause of the sensation of burning. 
Hooker. Hot weather. Bacon. State of any body 
under the action of fire. Moxon. Fermenta- 
tion ; effervescence. One violent action uninter- 
mitted. The state of being once hot. Dryden. A 
course at a race. Dryden. Pimples in the face ; 
flusn. Addison. Agitation of sudden or violent 
passion ; vehemence of action. Sidney. Faction : 



A tax 



contest ; party rage. Shak. Ardour of thought or 
elocution. Addison. 
HEAT*, hel. part. a. Heated. Browne. 
To HEAT, he'-e. v. a. To make hot ; to endue witn 
the power of burning. Dan. iii. To cause to fer- 
ment. Moiiimer. To make the constitution fever- 
ish. Shak. To warm with vehemence of passion 
or desire. Dryden. To agitate the blood and spir 
its with action. Dryden. 
HE'ATER, he'-tftr. 98. n. s. An iron made hot, and 

put into a box-iron, to smooth linen. 
HEATH$, hetfi. 227. n. s. [haithjo, Goth.] A shrub 
of low stature. Miller. A place overgrown with 
heath. Temple. A place covered with shrubs of 
whatever kind. Bacon. 
HEATH-COCK, hkh'-kbk. n. s. A large fowl that 

frequents heaths. Carew. 
HEATH-PEAS, h&/i'-peze. n.s. A species of bitter 

vetch. 
HEATH-POUT, hfc/i'-pS&t. n. s. A bird. Dryden. 
HEATH-ROSE, hkh'-rbze. n. s. A plant. Ains- 

worth. 
HEATHENS, he'-TH J n. 227. n.s. [Wvr, : Jmithn, 
Goth.] The gentiles; the pagans; the nations unac- 
quainted with the covenant of grace. 1 Chron. xvi. 
HEATHEN, he'-TH ; n. 103. a. Gentile; pagan. Ad- 
dison. 
HE'ATHENISH, he'-TH'n-ish. a. Belonging to the 
gentiles. Hooker. Wild ; savage ; rapacious ; cru- 
el. Spenser. 
HE'ATHENISHLY, he'-TH'n-ish-le. ad. After the 

manner of heathens. 
HE'ATHENISHNESS* he'-TH'n-ish-nes. n. s. A 

profane state, like that of the heathens. Prynne. 
HEATHENISM, he'-THn-izm. n. s. Gentilism ; pa- 
ganism. Hammond. 
To HE'ATHENIZE*, he'-TH'"n-lze. v. a. To render 

heathenish. Firmin. 
HE'ATHER* heth'-hr. n. s. Heath. 
HEATHY, hkh'-k a. Full of heath. Mortimer. 
HE'ATLESS*, hete'-les. a. Cold ; without warmth 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To HEAVES, heve. 227. v. a. pret. heaved, anciently 
hove; part, heaved, or hoven. [heapan, Sax.] To 
lift; to raise from the ground. Milton. To carry. 
Shak. To raise ; to lift. gpenserO. To cause to 
swell. Dryden. To force up from tha&reast. Shak. 
To exalt; to elevate. Shak. To'"piJEff; to elate. 
Hayward. 
To HEAVE, heve. v.n. To pant; to breathe with 
pain. Dryden. To labour. Atterbury. To rise 
with pain ; to swell and fall. Dryden. To keck ; 
to feel a tendency to vomit. 
HEAVE, heve. n. s. Lift ; exertion or effort upwards. 
Dryden. Rising of the breast. Sliak. Effort to 
vomit. Struggle to rise. Hudibras. 
HEAVE Offering, n.s. An offering among the Jews. 

Numbers. 
HEAVENS, hev'-v'n. 103, 234. n.s. [heopon, Sax.] 
The regions above ; the expanse of the sky. Shak. 
The habitation of God, good angels, and pure souls 
departed. Milton.. The Supreme Power ; the Sove- 
reign of heaven. Temple. The pagan gods ; the 
celestials. Shak. Elevation ; sublimity. Shak. It 
is often used in composition. 
HEAVEN- A SPIRING*, heV-v'n-as-plre'-ing. a. 

Desiring to enter heaven. Akenside. 
HEAVEN-BANISHED*, h<V-v ; n-ban-isht. a. Ban- 
ished from heaven. Milton. 
HEAVEN-BEGOT, hev'-v'n-be-g6t. a. Begot by a 

celestial power. Dryden. 
HEAVEN-BORN, hev'-v'n-bSrn. a. Descended from 

the celestial regions; native of heaven. Milton. 
HEAVEN-BRED, hev'-v'n-bred. a. Produced or 

cultivated in heaven. Shakspeare. 
HEAVEN-BUILT, hev'-v'n-bilt. a. Built by the 

agency of gods. Pope. 
HEAVEN-DIRECTED, hev'-v'n-de-rek'-ted. cu 
Raised towards the sky. Pope. Taught by the 
powers of heaven. Bp. Porteus. 
HEAVEN-FALLEN*^ hev'-v'n-faln. a. Fallen from 
heaven. Milton. 

458 





HEB 


HED 






— 116, move, ndr, not ; 


—tube, nil), bull j— All ;— p6und ;— thm, THis. 





HEAVEN-GIFTED*, hev'-v'n-gUl'-ecl. a. Bestowed 

[>v heaven. Milton. 
HEAVEN-INSPIRED* hev'-v'n-in-splr'd'. a. Re- 
ceiving inspiration from heaven. Decker. 
HEAVEN-INSTRUCTED* hev'-v'n-ln-strakt'-ed. 

a. Taught by heaven. Crashaw. 
HEAVEN-KISSING* hev'-v'n-k?s'-sing. a. Touch 

in", as it were, the sky. Shakspeare. 
To HE'AVENIZE*, hev'-v'n-Jze. v. a. To render 

like heaven. Bp. Hall. 
HEAVENLINESS*, hev'-v 7 n-le-nes. n. s. Supreme 

excellence. Sir J. Davies. 
HEAVEN-LOVED*, heV-v'n-lfiv'd. a. Beloved of 

heaven. Milton. 
HE AVENLY. hev'-v'n-le. a. Resembling- heaven 3 
supremely excellent. Sidney. Celestial ; inhabit- 
ing - heaven. Dry den. 
HE AVENLY, heV-v'n-le. ad. In a manner resem- 
bling that of heaven. Pope. By the agency or in- 
fluence of heaven. Milton. 
HEAVENLY-MINDEDNESS*, hev'-v'n-le-mlnd'- 
ed-nes. n. s. A state of mind abstracted from the 
world, and directed to heaven. Hammond. 
HEAVEN-SALUTING*, hev'-vn-sa-lule'-mg. a. 

Touching the sky. Crashaw. 
HE'AVENWARD, hev'-v'n-ward. ad; [heaven and 

peanb, Sax.] Towards 'heaven. Prior. 
HEAVEN-WARRING*, hev'-vn-war'-rfng. a. 

Warring; ag-ainst heaven. Milton.. 
HE' AVER*, he'-vur. n, s. One who lifts any thing ; 
as, a coal-heaver. A name given by seamen to a 
wooden staff, employed as a lever. 
HE'AVILY, hev'-e-fe. ad. [hepeliee, Sax.] With 
great ponderousness. Exodus, xiv. Grievously 5 
affliclively. Isaiah, xlvii. Sorrowfully ; with grief. 
Psalm xxxv. With an air of dejection. Shakspeare. 
HE'AVINESS, heV-ve-ne*s. n. s. Ponderousness ; 
the quality of being heavy ; weight. Wilkins. De- 
jection of mind; depression of spirit. Hooker. In- 
aptitude to motion or thought. Shak. Oppression ; 
crush; affliction. Deepness or richness of soil. Ar- 
bulhnot. 
HE'AVJNG*, he'-vlng. n. s. A pant ; a motion of the 

heart. Shalcspeare. A swell. Addison. 
HE'AVY§, hev'-ve. 234. a. [heapi£,Sax.] Weighty; 
ponderous; tending strongly to the centre. Wilkins. 
Sorrowful; dejected; depressed. St. Mark, xiv. 
Grievous; oppressive ; afflictive. 2 Mace. v. Want- 
ing alacrity ; wanting briskness of appearance. 
Prior. Wanting spirit or rapidity of sentiment ; 
unanimated. Swift. Wanting activity ; indolent ; 
lazy. Dryden. Drowsy; dull; torpid. St. Luke, 
ix. * Slow'; sluggish. Shak. Stupid ; foolish. Shak. 
Burthensome; troublesome; tedious. Locke. Load- 
ed; encumbered; burthened. Bacon. Not easily 
digested. ArtnithnoL Rich in soil; fertile; as, 
heavy lands. Deep; cumbersome; as, heavy roads. 
Thick ; cloudy ; dark. Shak. Thick ; with little in- 
termissibn ; as. a heavy storm. Requiring much 
labour; as, a heavy undertaking. 
HE'AVY, heV-ve. ad. As an adverb it is only used in 

composition ; heavily. Isaiah, xlvi. 
To HE'AVY*, hev'-ve. v. a. To make heavy. Wic- 

Hffe. Ob. T. 
HFVBDOMAD §, heb'-do-mad. n. s. [hebdomas, Lat.] 

A week ; a space of seven days. Brovm. 
HEBDO'MADAL, heb-dom'-a-dal.518. ) a. Weekly. 
HEBDO'MADARY, heb-dom'-a-dar-e. ] Brmvn. 
HEBDO'MADARY*, heb-dom'-a-dar-e. n. s. A 
member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is 
to officiate in the cathedral. 
HEBDOxMA'TICAL* heVd6-mat'-e-kal. a. Week- 
ly. Bp. Morton. 
Htf'BEN*, heb'-ben. n. s. [ebene, Fr.] Ebony. Spar- 
ser. 
To HE'BETATE $, heb'-e-tate. v. a. [Jiebeto, Lat.] 

To dull ; to blunt ; to stupify. Harvey. 
HEBETA'TION, heb-e-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of dul- 
ling. The state of being dulled. 
HE'BETE* heb'-ete. a. Dull; stupid. Ellis. 
HE'BETUDE, heV-e-tude. n. s. [liebetudo, Lat.] 
Dulness ; obtuseness ; bluntness. Harvey. 



HE'BRAISM, heb'-nUsm. 335. n. s. [hebr 

Lat.] A Hebrew idiom. Addison. 
1 1 1! BR AIBT; heb'-ra-Tst. 503. n. s, [hebraus, Lat.] 

A man skilled in Hebrew. 
95= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and 
Mr. Perry, in the quantity of the first syllublo of this 
and the preceding word, and think I am not only au- 
thorized by analogy, but the best usage. W. 
HE'BREW $*, he'-bru. n.s. ['EjWo?.] An Israelite; 
one of the children of Israel. Exodus, ii. A Jew 
converted to Christianity. Bp. Percy. The He 
brew tongue. St. John, xix. 
HE'BREW*, he'-bru. «. Relating to the people of 

the Jews. Judith, xii. 
HE'BREWESS*, he'-bru-gs. n.s. An Israelitish wo 
man. Jeremiah, xxxiv. 

HEBRI'CIAN, he-brlsh'-an. n.s. One skilful in He- 
brew. Raleigh. 

HEBRI'DIAN*,he-br?d'-e-an. a. [from the Hebrides, 
the Western Isles.] Respecting the Western Islands 
of Scotland. Johnson. 

HE'CATOMB, hgk'-a-t66m. n.s. [harder,.] A sac- 
rifice of a hundred cattle. Donne. 

HECK*, ho;k. n. s. A rack at which cattle are fed 
with hay. [haeck, Su. Goth.] Ray. The winding 
of a stream, [ecke, Germ.] A kind of net formerly 
used in rivers ; as, a salmon heck. Chambers. A 
hatch or latch of a door. Grose. 

HE'CKLE*. See Hackle. 

HECTICAL $,h&'-te-ka].> a. [hectique, Fr. from 

HE'CTICK $, hek'-tlk. 509. 5 . ifc] Habitual ; con- 
stitutional ; applied to that kind of fever which is 
slow, and continual, and ends in a consumption. 
Quinci/. Troubled with a morbid heat. Howell. 

HECTICALLY*, heV-te-kal-le. ad. Constitutional- 
ly. Johnson. 

HE'CTICK, hek'-tlk. n. s. A hectick fever. Shak. 

HECTOR §,hek'-rur. 418, 166. n.s. [from Hector, 
the great Homerkk warriour.] A bully; a bluster- 
ing, turbulent, pervicacious, noisv fellow. South. 

To HECTOR, hek'-t&r. v. a. To" threaten ; to treat 



with insolent terms. Dry den. 
To HECTOR, hek'-tur. v. n. To play the bully. 

Stilling fleet. 
HE'CTORLY*. hek'-tur-le. a. Blustering ; insolent. 

Barf cao. 
HEDERA'CEOUS, hed-er-a'-shus. a. [hedcraceus, 

Lat.] Producing ivy. Diet. 
HEDGE §, hSdje. n. s. [he^e, Sax.] A fence made 

round grounds with prickly bushes. Mortimer. 
HEDGE, prefixed to any word, notes something 

mean, vile, of the lowest class. Shakspeare. 

To HEDGE, hedje. v. a. [he^ian, Sax.] To enclose 

with a hedge. Bacon. To obstruct. Hos. ii. To 

encircle for defence. Sliak. To shut up within an 

enclosure. Locke. To force into a place already 

full; to thrust in with difficulty, as into a hedge. 

• Shakspeare. 

To HEDGE, hSdje. v. n. To shift; to hide the head. 

Shakspeare. 
HEDGE-BORN, h£dje'-b6rn. a. Of no known birth ; 

meanly born. Shakspeare. 
HEDGE-CREEPER, hedje'-kre-pur. n. s. One 

that skulks under hedges for bad purposes. 
HEDGE-FUMITORY, h^dje-fu'-me-tur-e. n. s. A 

plant. Ainsxvorth. 
HEDGE-HOG, hedje'-hog. n. s. An animal set with 
prickles, like thorns in a hedge. Ray. A term of 
reproach. Sluxlc. A plant : trefoil. Ainsworth. The 
globe-fish. Ainsworth. 
HEDGE-HYSSOP, hedje -hk'-zup. n. s. A species 

of willow-wort. Hill. 
HEDGE-MUSTARD, hedje-mus'-tard. n. s. A 

plant. 
HEDGE-NETTLE, hedje'-net-tl. n.s. A plant. Ains- 
worth. 
HEDGE-NOTE, h£dje'-n6te. n. s. A word of con- 
tempt for low writing. Dryden. 
HEDGE-PIG, h§dje'-p?g. n. s. A young hedge-hog. 

Shakspeare. 
HEDGE-ROW, hgdje'-r6. n. s. The trees or bushes 
planted for enclosures. Milton,. 
459 



HEI 



HEL 



\TT 559,— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



HEDGE-SPARROW, h^dje-spar'-^. n. s. A spar- 
row that lives in bushes. Sliakspeare. 
HEDGING-BILL, heclje'-frig-bSl. n. s.» A cutting 

hook used in making' hedges. Sidney. 
HE'DGER, hgdje'-ur. n. s. One who makes hedges. 

Milton. 
To HEED §, heed. 246. v. a. [heban. Sax.] To mind 3 

to regard 3 to take notice of 5 to attend. Locke. 
To HEED*, heed. v. n. To mind 3 to consider. War- 
ton. 
HEED, heed. n. s. Care ; attention. Milton. Caution 3 
fearful attention; suspicious watch. Sliak. Care 
to avoid. Tillotson. Notice ; observation. Bacon. 
Seriousness ; staidness. Shak. Regard 3 respectful 
notice. L' Estrange. 
HE'EDFUL, heed'-ful. a. Watchful; cautious; sus- 
picious. Sliak. Attentive ; careful ; observing. 
Sliakspeare. 
HE EDFULLY, heed'-ful-e. ad. Attentively ; care- 
fully ; cautiously. Bp. Hall. 
HE'EDFULNESS, heed'-ful-nes. n. s. Caution 5 

vigilance ; attention. 
HE'EDILY, heed'-e-le. ad. Cautiously; vigilantly. 

Diet. 
HE'EDINESS, heed'-e-n^s. n. s. Caution; vigilance. 

Spenser. 
HE'EDLESS, heed'-les. a. Negligent ; inattentive 3 

careless ; thoughtless. Waller. 
HE'EDLESSLY, heed'-lds-le. ad. Carelessly ; neg- 
ligently 3 inattentively. Brown. 
HEEDLESSNESS, 'heed'-lgs-nes. n. s. Careless- 
ness ; thoughtlessness ; negligence 3 inattention. 
Locke. 
1'IEEL $, heel. 246. n. s. [hele. Sax.] The part of the 
foot that protuberates behind. Wiseman. The 
whole foot of animals. Denluzm. The feet, as em- 
ployed in flight. L' Estrange. — To be at, Die. heels. 
To pursue closely ; to follow hard, Shak. To at- 
tend closely. Milton. To pursue as an enemy. 
Bacon. To follow close as a dependant. Sluxk. 
To lay by the heels. To fetter ; to shackle. Sliak. 
Any thing shaped like a heel. Mortimer. The 
back part of a stocking : whence the phrase, to be 
cut at heels, to be worn out. Shak. To have the 
heels of. To outrun.— A spur; as, The horse under- 
stands the heels well. 
To HEEL, heel. v.n. To dance. Sliak. To lean 

on one side ; as, The ship heels, [hylban, Sax.] 
To HEEL. heel. v. a. To arm a cock. 
HEELER, heel' -fir. n. s. A cock that strikes well 

with his heels. 
HEEL-PIECE, heel'-pese. n. s. A piece fixed on 

the hinder part of the shoe. 
To HEEL-PIECE, heel'-pese. v. a. To put a piece 

of leather on a shoe-heel. Arbuthnot. 
HEFT§, heft, n.s. [from heave.] Heaving ; effort. 
Shak. [For haft.} Handle. Waller. Weight ; 
i. e. the thing which is heaved. Hold. Windham. 
HE'FTED*, hefted, a. Heaved ; expressing agi- 
tation. Shakspeare. 
HEG*, heg. n.s. A fairy ; a witch. See Hag. 
HEGEMO'NICAL*, h^dje-mon'-e-kal. ) a. [$ y£ - 
HEGEMO'NICK*, h&je-m&n'-lk. $ h oviKo S .] 

Ruling; predominant. Folherby. 
IIE'GIRA, he-jl'-ra,or hecl'-je-ra. n. s. [Arabick.] A 
term in chronology, signifying the epocha, or ac- 
count of time, used by the Arabians, who begin 
from the day that Mahomet was forced to make nis 
escape from Mecca, July 16, A. D. 622. Harris. 
$gj* The latter pronunciation is adopted by Dr. John- 
son, Barclay, and Bailey ; and the former by Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Dr. Ash, Mr Scott, and Mr. Perry. The latter, I 
am informed, is the* pronunciation of Oriental scholars; 
though the former is not only more agreeable to the ear, 
but seems to fall in with those Arabick-Spanish names, 
Ramirez, Almira, &c, as well as the Grecian, Tauchi- 
ra, Thyatira, Dejanira, &c. W. 

HE'IFER, hef -fur. 98, 254. n. s. [heapope, Sax.] 
A young cow. Bacon. 

HEIGH-HO, hl'-h6 inter}. An expression of slight 
languor and uneasiness. Shak. A voice of exulta- 
tion Dryden 



HEIGHT §, hlte, or hate. 253. n. s. [he»e, Sax.] 
Elevation above the ground : indefinite. Milton 
Altitude 3 space measured upwards. Donne. De- 
gree of latitude. Abbot. Summit 3 ascent 3 tow- 
ering eminence 3 high place. Dryden. Elevation 
of rank; station of dignity. Shak. The utmost de- 
gree 3 full completion. Bacon. Utmost exertion. 
Shak. State of excellence 3 advance towards per- 
fection. Addison. 



$5° The first of these modes is the most general ; and 
the last, the most agreeable to the spelling. Milton was 
the patron of the first, and, in his zeal for analogy, as 
Dr. Johnson says, spelt the word highth. This is still 
the pronunciation of the vulgar, and seems, at first 
sight, the most agreeable to analogy; but, though the 
sound of the adjective high is generally preserved in 
the abstract height, the h is always placed before the t, 
and is perfectly mute. Mr. Garrick's pronunciation 
(and which is certainly the best) was hite. — Sea 
Drought. W. 

To HEIGHTEN, hl'-tn. 103. v. a. To raise high. 
Shak. To improve 3 to meliorate. Addison. To 
aggravate. Addison. To improve by decorations. 

HEIGHTENING*, hl'-tn-lng. n. s. Improvement by 
decorations. Dryden. 

HEINOUS $, ha'-nfis. 249. a. [haineux, Fr.] Atro- 
cious 3 wicked in a high degree. Hooker. 

9CF" Mr. Sheridan gives the long sound of e to the first 
syllable of this word, contrary to every dictionary, to 
analogy, and, I think, the best usage ; which, if I am 
not mistaken, always gives the first syllable of this word 
the sound of slender a. That this was the sound of thia 
syllable formerly, we may gather from the spelling of it: 
for, in Charles the Second's time, Mr. Baxter is accused 
by Mr. Danvers of publishing the hainous charge 
against the Baptists of baptizing naked. W. 

HETNOUSLY, ha'-nus-le. ad. Atrociously 3 wick- 
edly. Bp. Hall. 

HE'INOUSNESS, ha'-nfis-nes. n.s. Atrociousness 3 
wickedness. Rogers. 

HEIR §, are. 249, 394. n. s. [heir, old Fr. hares, 
Lat.] One that is inheritor of any thing after the 
present possessor. Locke. One newly inheriting an 
estate. Sivift. — Heir apparent. He, who, if he 
survives, will certainly inherit, after the present 
possessor. Heir presumptive. One, who, if the 
ancestor should die immediately, would, in the 

E resent slate of things, be his heir 5 but whose in- 
eritance may be defeated by the conlingenc}' of 
some nearer heir being born. 

To HEIR, are. v. a. To inherit. Dryden. 

HE'IRDOM*, are'-dum. n.s. The state of an heir. 
Bp. Hall. 

HE'IRESS, are'-fs. 99. n. s. A woman that inherits. 
Waller. 

HEIRLESS, are'-lSs. a. Without an heir. Shak. 

HEIRLOOM, W-lSSm. n. s. [heir, and £eloma, 
Sax.] Any furniture or movable decreed to de- 
scend by inheritance, and therefore inseparable 
from the freehold. Swift. 

HEIRSHIP, ure'-shfp. n. s. The state, character, 
or privileges of an heir. Ayliffe. 

HELD, held. The preterit and part. pass, of hold. 

To HELE $*, heel. v. a. [helan, Sax.] To hide 3 to 
conceal. Gower. 

HE'LER*. See Hellier. 

HELFACAL§, he-ll'-a-kal. a. [SjXios.] Emerging 
from the lustre of the sun, or falling into it. Brown. 

HELFACALLY, he-lM-kal-le. ad. From the rising 
of this star, not cosmically, that is, with the sun, 
but heliacally , that is, its emersion from the rays of 
the sun, the ancients computed their canicular 
days. Dryden. 

HE'LICAL, hel'-e : kal. a. [i-Aj£.] Spiral; with 
many circumvolutions. Wilkins. 

HE'LING*, he'-lmg. n. s. The covering of a roof 
of a building. See Hilling. 

HE'LIOD Parabola, in mathematicks, or the para- 
bolick spiral, is a curve which rises from the sup- 
position of the axis of the common Apollonian para- 
bola's being bent round into the periphery of a cir- 
cle, and is a line then passing through the extremi- 
460 



HEL 



HEM 



— n6, move, ndr, n&t ;— tube, tfib, bull ; — 6?1 ;— pound ;— th\n, this. 



ties of the ordinates, which now converge towards 
the centre of the said circle. Harris. 
UELlOCE'NTRICK, he-le-o-sen'-trlk. a. $Xt<* 
and Khrpov.] The heliocetUrick place of a planet is 
said to be such as it would appear to us from the 
sun, if our eve were fixed in its centre. Harris. 
HELIO'METER*, he-le-om'-e-tur. n. s. h\ l0 g and 
fiirpov.] An instrument for measuring the diame- 
ters of the suu and moon. 
HELIOSCOPE, he'-le-i-skope. n.s. tfhos and 
oKoviu).] A sort of telescope fatted so as to look on 
the body of the sun, without offence to the eyes. 
Harris. 
HE LIOTROPE, hcMe-6-tr6pe. n. s. [i)\ l0i and T pi- 
-w] A plain that turns towards the sun : but more 
particularly the turnsol or sun-flower. Gov. of the 
Tongue. A precious stone of a green colour, 
streaked with red veins. Sir T. Herbert. 
HEMISPHERICAL, he-Hs-feV-e-kal. a. {helix and 
spitere.] The helispherical line is the rhomb line in 
navigation. Harris. 
HELIXS, he'-liks. n.s. [&£] Part of a spiral line 5 

a circumvolution. Wilkins. 
HELL$, hel. n. s. [helle, Sax.] The place of the 
devil and wicked souls. Milton. The place of sep- 
arate souls, whether good or bad. Apostles' Creed. 
Temporal death. Psalm xviii. The place at a 
running play to which those who are caught are 
carried. Sidney. The place into which the tailor 
throws his shreds. King. Formerly, a dungeon 
in a prison. The Counter-Rat The infernal pow- 
ers. Cowley. It is used in composition by the old 
writers more than by the modern. 
HELL-BLACK, hel'-blak. a. Black as hell. Sliak- 
speare. 
HELL-BORN*. hel'-born. a. Born in hell. Spenser. 
HELL-BRED, hel'-bred. a. Produced in hell. Spen- 
ser. 
HELL-BREWED*, hel'-brood. a. Prepared or 

brewed in hell. Milton. 
HELL- BROTH, h&Y-brbth. n. s. A composition boil- 
ed up for infernal purposes. Shakspeare. 
HELL-CAT*, hel'-kat. n. s. Formerly, a witch ; a 

hag. Middleton. 
HELL-CONFOUNDLNG*. hel'-k&n-found'-mg. a. 

Vanquishing the power of hell. Beaumont. 
HELL-DOOMED, hel'-doomd. a. Consigned to hell. 

Milton. 
HELL-GOVERNED, hef -guv-ernd. a. Directed by 

hell. Sliakspeare. 
HELL-HAG*, hel'-hag. n. s. A hag of hell. Bp. 

Richardson. 
HELL-HATED, hel'-ha-t£d. a. Abhorred like hell. 

Sliakspeare. 
HELL-HAUNTED, hel'-hant-eU a. Haunted by 

the devil. Dryden. 
HELL-HOUND, hel'-hound. n. s. [hell-hunb, Sax.] 
Dog of hell. Shale. Agent of hell. Milton. A prof- 
ligate person. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
HELL-KITE, h&'-klte. n. s. Kite of infernal breed. 

Shakspeare. 
HE'LLEBORE §, hel'-le-b6re. n. s. [helleborus, Lat.] 

Christmas flower. 
HE'LLEBORE, White, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
HE LLEBORISM*, hel'-le-b6-rizm. n.s. A medi- 
cinal preparation of hellebore. Ferrand. 
HELLENICK*, hel'-le-nik. a. [iWriviKb;.] Gre- 
cian ; heathen. Milton. 
HE'LLENISM §, hgl'-le-nfzm. n. s. [AA^^S?.] A 

Greek idiom. Addison. 
HE'LLENIST* heT-le-nlst. n. s. [&\ V vi<TTt,s.] A 
Grecianizing Jew. Gregory. Any one skilled in 
the Greek language. Dalgarno. 
HELLENI'STICAL*, hel-le-n?s'-t6-kal. a. Relating 

to the language of the Grecianizing Jews. Fell. 
HELLENI'STlCALLY* hel-le-n$-te-kal-le. ad t 

According to the hellenistical dialect. Gregory. 
To HE'LLENIZE*, hel'-le-nlze. «. n. [iX^vtfr.] 

To use the Greek language. Hammond. 
HE'LLIER*, hel'-le-ur. n.s. [from hele.] A slater j 

a tiler. Apb. Uslier. 
HELLISH, heM'-l?sh. a. Sent from hell ; belonging 



to hell. Sidney. Having the qualities of hell j in 
fernal ; wicked ; detestable. South. 
HE'LLISHLY, hel'-tish-le. ad. Infernally ; wicked- 



ly; detestably. Bp. Barlow. 

---ieV" 



Wickedness ; 



HE'LLISHNESS, hel' 

abhorred qualities. 
HE LLWARD, hel'-ward. ad. Toward hell. Pope 
HE'LLY*, hel'-le. a. Having the qualities of hell. 

Anderson. 
HELM denotes defence : as, Eadlvelm, happy de- 
fence. Gibson. 
HELMS, helm. n. s. [k'udmr, Icel.] A covering for 
the head in war. Shak. The part of a coat of arms 
that bears the crest. Camden. The upper part of 
the retort. Boyle, [helma, Sax.] The steerage; 
the upper part of the rudder. B. Jonson. The sta- 
tion of government. Swift. 
To HELM, h£lm. v. a. To guide ; to conduct. Slictk. 
HE'LMED, helm'd. 359. a. Furnished with a head- 

piece. Milton. 
HE'LMET, hel'-mlt. 99. n.s. A helm ; a headpiece. 

Sliakspeare. 
HE'LMETED*, hgl'-mel-eU a. Wearing a helmet. 

Beaumont and Fletclver. 
HELMFNTHICK, hel-min'-tfilk. a. [fcV^s-1 Re- 
lating to worms. Diet. 
HE'LMSMAN*, helmz'-man. n. s. He who manages 

the rudder of a vessel. 
HE'LMWIND*, h£lm'-w!nd. n. s. A particular kind 
of wind in some of the mountainous parts of Eng- 
land. Burn. 
HE'LOT* hel'-ut. n. s. [Helotes, Lat. from Helos, 
a Laconian town, conquered by the Spartans, who 
made all the prisoners slaves.] A slave. Bp.Wren, 
To HELP $, help. v. a. preter. helped, or holp ; part. 
helped, or holpen. [helpan, Sax.] To assist ; to sup- 
port ; to aid. Fairfax. To raise by help. Eccl. iv. 
To enable to surmount. Locke. To remove by 
help. Locke. To free from pain or vexation. Locke. 
To cure; to heal. Shak. To remedy; to chang« 
for the better. Sliak. To prevent ; to hinder. Swift. 
To forbear; to avoid. Atterbury. To promote ; to 
forward. Zech. — To help to. To supply with. 
1 Mace. viii. To present at table. Pope. 
To HELP, help. v. n. To contribute assistance. Ba- 
con. To bring a supply. Rymer. 
HELP, hSlp. w. s. Assistance; aid; support; suc- 
cour. Kvolles. That which gives help. Wilkins. 
That which forwards or promotes. Bacon. Reme- 
dy. Holder. 
HE'LPERjheV-fir.gS.ra.s. An assistant; an auxilia- 
ry. 2 Kings. One that administers remedy. More. 
One that supplies with any thing wanted. Shak, 
A supernumerary servant. Swift. 
HE'LPFUL, help'-ful. <*• Useful ; that gives assist 

ance. Shak. Wholesome ; salutary. Raleigh. 
HE'LPFULNESS* heJp'-ful-nes. n.s. Assistance, 

usefulness. Milton. 
HE'LPLESS, hey-lgs. «• Wanting power to suc- 
cour one's self. D)~yden. Wanting support or assist- 
ance. Pope. Irremediable; admitting no help. 
Spenser. Unsupplied; void. Dryden. 
HE'LPLESSLY, hey-lgs-le. ad. Without ability ; 

without succour. Kyd. 
HE'LPLESSNESS, help'-IeVne's. n. s. Want of 

ability; want of succour. Dr. Warton. 
HE'LPMATE* help'-mate. n. s. A companion; an 

assistant. 

HELTER-SKELTER, heT-tur-skeT-tfir. ad, [Ital- 

ter, to hang, and kelter, order, 1. e. hang order.] 

In a hurry ; without order ; tumultuously. Sited. 

HELVE §,helv. n.s. [helpe, Sax.] The handle of 

an axe. Deut. xix. 
To HELVE, hilv. v. a. To fit with a beTve, Cot 

grave. 
HEM*, h&m. pron. [heom, Sax.] Them. Spenser.. 
HEMS, hem. n. s. [hem, Sax.] The edge of a gar 
ment doubled and sewed, to "keep the threads from 
spreading. Wiseman, [hemmen, Dutch.] The- 
noise uttered by a sudden and violent expiration of 
the breath. Addison. Interject. Hem ! [Lat.] Shot- 
To HEM, hSm. v. a. To close the edge of cloth by a 
461 



HEN 



HER 



(D" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;- 



hem or double border sewed together. Spenser. 
To border ; to edge. Spenser. To enclose ; to en- 
viron ; to confine 5 to shut. Sidney. 

To HEM, hem. v. n. [hemmen, Dutch.] To utter a 
noise by violent expulsion of the breath. Sliak. 

HEMEROEA'PTISTS*, hem'-e-rd-bap'-tists. n. s. 
[filttpa and (3dxr<a.] A sect among- the ancient 
Jews, who bathed every day, in all seasons. Fulke. 

HE'MI* hem'-e. A word often used in composition, 
signifying half; an abbreviation of the Greek 

HEMICRANY, hem'-e-kra-ne. n. s. [f,(iiav and K pd- 

viov.] A pain that affects only one part of the head 

at a time. Quincy. 
HEMICYCLE, hem'-e-sl-kl. n.s. [^fcwirXoj.] A 

half round. B. Jonson. 
HE'MINA, hem'-e-na. n. s. An ancient measure : 

now used in medicine to signify about ten ounces 

in measure. Quincy. 
HEMIPLEGY, hem'-e-pled-je. n. s. [faun, and 

7rA>/o-<rw.] A palsy, or any nervous affection, that 

seizes one side at a time. 
HEMISPHERE §, hem'-e-sfere. n. s. [hfiicQaifiov.] 

The half of a globe when it is supposed to be cut 

through its centre in the plane of one of its greatest 

circles. Milton. 
HEMISPHERICAL. hem-e-sfer'-lk-al. 509. ) 
HErilSPHERICK, hem-e-sfer'-?k. $ a ' 

Half round; containing half a globe. Boyle. 
HEMISTICH $, or HE'MISTICK $, he-mV-tlk. 

509. [he-mV-dk, Sheridan and Jones : heW-is-tlk, 

Perry.] n.s. [fouortviov.] Haifa verse. Dryden. 
HEMISTICHAL*, he-mis'-te-kal. a. Denoting a 

division of the verse. Warton. 
HEMLOCK, hem'-lok. n.s. [hemleac, Sax.] An 

herb. Miller. 
HE MORRHAGE, hem'-b-mdje. )n. s. {aluohha- 
HE'MORRHAGY, hem^-ra-je. \ y'"*-] A violent 

fhx of blood. Ray. 
HEMORRHOIDS $, hem'-&r-rSfdz. n.s. [a^ 0/ 5- 

Poi5es.~] The piles ; the emerods. Swift. 
HEMORRHOIDAL, h&n-&r-rdld'-al 

to the veins in the fundament. Ray. 
HE'MP$, hemp. n.s. [haenep, Sax.] A fibrous 

plant of which coarse linen and ropes are made. 

Miller. 
HEMP Agrimony, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
HEOTEN, hein'-p'n. 103. a. Made of hemp. Spenser. 
HE'MPY*, hem'-pe. a. Resembling hemp. Howell. 
HEN §, hen. n. s. [henne, Sax.] The female of a 

house-cock. Dryden. The female of any land- 
fowl Bacon. 
HEN-COOP*, hen'-ko6p. n. s. A cage in which 



lean, Sax.] Gentle. Chan 



Belonging 



poultry are kept. 

Hfcr - 



A kind of hawk. 



. A kind of 
kite. -4ms- 



1N-DRIVER, hen'-drl-vfir. n. t 
Walton. 

HEN-HARM, hen'-harm. 

HEN-HARRIER, hen'-har-re-fir. 
worth. 

HEN-HEARTED, hen'-har-ted. a. Dastardly ; cow- 
ardly. Gavfon. 

HEN-HOLSE*, hen'-h6us. n. s. A place for shelter- 
ing poultry. 

HEN-PECKED, hen'-pekt. 359. a. Governed by 
the wife. Di~yden. 

HEN-ROOST, hen'-roost. n. s. The place where 
the poultry roost. Swift. 

HE TC BANE, hen'-bane. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

HE'NBIT, hjn'-blt. n. s. A plant. Derham. 

HENCE <}, hense.ad.or interj. [heonan, Sax. hennes, 
old English.] From this place to another. Sliak. 
Away to a distance. Milton. At a distance ; in 
other places. Shak. From this time ; in the future. 
Locke. For this reason; inconsequence of this. 
Tilhtson. From this cause ; from this ground. Ar- 
buthnot. From tnis source ; from this original ; 
from this store. Suckling. — From hence is a vicious 
expression. Hence signifies from this. 

To HENCE, hense. v. a. To send off; to despatch to 
a distance. Sidney. Ob. J. 

HENCEFORTH, hense'-fort/t. ad. [henonpopS, 
Sax. 1 From this time forward. Milton. 



HENCEFORWARD, hense-for'-ward. ad. From 

this time to futurity. Sfiakspeare. 
HE'NCHMAN, hensh'-man. n. s. [hyne, or nine, 

Sax. and man.] A page •• an attendant. Chaucer 

Ob. J. 5 ' 

HEND* hend. ) a. The 
HE'NDY*, hen'-de. \ cer. Ob. T. 
To HEND, hend. v. a, [henban, Sax.J To seize 

to lay hold on. Fairfax. To crowd ; to surround. 

Shakspeare. 
HEN DEC AGON, h&i-dek'4-g6n. n. s. [hhtKa ana 

ywvia.] A figure of eleven sides or angles. 
HENDECASY'LLABLE*, hen-dek-a-s'ilMa-bl. n.s 

\jlv6tka and <riiAAa/3ocJ A metrical line consisting 

of eleven syllables. Dr. Warton. 
HENDFADIS* hen-dl'4-dis. n. s. [hScaois-] A 

rhetorical figure, when two noun substantives are 

used instead of a substantive and adjective. Scott 
HENS-FEET, henz'-feet. n. s. Hedge fumitory. 
To HENT*. v. a. [henfcan, Sax.] To catch ; to lay 

hold of. Shakspeare. See To Hend. 
HEPA'TICAL, he-pat'-e-kal. )a. [hepaticus, Lat.] 
HEPA'TICK^e-pat'-ik.SOg. $ Belonging to the 

liver. Harvey. 
HEP, hep. n. s. [heap, Sax.] The fruit of the wild- 
brier, or dog-rose ; commonly written hip. Bac>m. 
HEPTACA'PSULAR, hep-ta-kap'-shu-lar. a. [tnra 

and capsula.] Having seven cavities or cells. 
HEPTACHORD*, hep'-ta-k6rd. n. s. [lirra and 

X°P^-] Anciently, a musical instrument of seven 

strings ; as, the lyre ; a poetical composition played 

or sung on seven different notes or sounds. 
HE'PTAGON $, hep'-ta-g&n. n. s. [eVra and yuvla.] 

A figure with seven sides or angles. 
HEPTA'GONAL, hep-tag'-o-nal. a. Having seven 

angles or sides. Selden. 
HEPTA'MEREDE* hep-tam'-e-reed. n. s. [FttA? 

and ncpk.] That which divides into seven parts. 

A. Smith. 
HEPTA'RCHICK*, hep-tar'-klk. a. Denoting a 

sevenfold government. Warton. 
HEPTARCHIST*, hep'-lar-kJst. n. s. He who rules 

one of the divisions of a sevenfold government 

Warton. 
HEPTARCHY §, hep'-tar-ke. n. s. \lvra and %$.] 

A sevenfold government. Camden. 
HE'PTATEUCH*, hep'-ta-tuke. n . s . [^rdand rev- 

So?.] A term applied to the first seven books of the 
•Id Testament. 
HER §, hfir. 98. pron. [hepa, hep, Sax.] Belonging 
to a female; of a she; of a woman. Cowley. The 
obltaue case of site. Shakspeare. 
HER'S, hfirz. pronoun. This is used when it refers to 
a substantive going before ; as, such are her charms, 
such charms are her's. Shakspeare. 
HE'RALD $, her'-ald. n. s. [hcrault, Fr.] An officer 
whose business it is to register genealogies, adjust 
ensigns armorial, regulate funerals, and, anciently, 
to carry messages between princes, and proclaim 
war and peace. B. Jonson. A precursor ; a fore- 
runner; a harbinger. Shak. A proclaimer; ? 
publisher. Shakspeare. 
To HERALD, heV-ald. v. a. To introduce as by a 

herald. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
HERA'LDICK*, he-raT-dik. a. Denoting genealo 

gy ; relating to heraldry. Warton. 
HERALDRY, her'-al-dre. n. s. The art or office 
of a herald. Peaclmm. Registry of genealogies. 
Denham. Blazonry. Cleaveland. 
HE'RALDSHIP*, her'-ald-ship. n. s. The office of 

a herald. Selden. 
HERB$, erb. 394. n. s. [herba, Lat.] Herbs are those 
plants whose stalks are soft, and have nothing 
woody in them ; as grass and hemlock. Locke. 
33= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan by suppressing the 
sound of the h in this word, and its compound herbage f 
and have Mr. Nares, Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, on 
my side. W. 
HERB Christopher, or Bane-berries, n. s. A plant. 
HERBACEOUS, her-ba'-shfls. 357. a. Belonging 
to herbs. Brown. Feeding on vegetables. Der- 
ham. 

462 



I 



HER 



HER 



—no, solve, ndr, not ;— ti"il>e, tub, bull 5—6?! j— pound ;— thin, thjs. 



HERBAGE, eV-KJdje. 90, 394. n. s. [herbage, Fr.] 
Herbs, collectively; grass; pasture. Dryden. The 
tithe and the right of pasture. Ainstcorth. 
HE RBAGED*. eV-bfdj'd. a. Covered with grass. 

Thomson. 
HERBAL, heV-bal. n. s. A book containing the 

names and description of plants. Bacon. 
HE'RBAL*. heV-bal. a. Pertaining to herbs. Quarks. 
HERBALIST, heV-ba-l?st. n. s. A man skilled in 

herbs. Bttrton. 
HERBAR, heV-bar. n. s. Herb; plant. Spenser. 
HERBARIST, her'-ba-rfst. n. s. [herbarius, Lat.] 

One skilled in herbs. Bonk. 
To HE RBARIZE*, her'-ba-rlze. v. n. [herlxrriser , 
Fr.] To go about gathering medicinal herbs. 
Soame. 
HE RBARY*, heV-ba-re. n. s. A garden of herbs. 

Warton. 
HERBELET, heV-be-let. n. s. A small herb. Shah. 
HE RBER* lieV-bur. n. s. See Herbary. For- 
merly an arbour. Chancer. 
HERBE SCENT, her-beV-sent. 510. a. [lierbescens , 

Lat.] Growing into herbs. 
HERBID, heV-b?d. a. [herbidus, Lat.] Covered with 

herbs. 
HE'RBIST* herz-bfst. n. s. One skilled in herbs. 

Sherwood. 
HERBLESS*. eW-les. a. Having no herbs ; bare. 

Jos. Warton. 
HERBORIST, heV-bd-rist. n. s. One curious in 

herb?. Ray. 
HERBORIZA'TION* her-bo-re-za'-shun.n.s. [Fr.] 

The appearance of plants in fossils. Maty. 
HERBOUR*. See Harbour. 
HERBOURLESS*. See Harbourless. 
HERBOROUGH, heV-bur-ro. n. s. [herberg, Germ.] 

Place of temporary residence. B. Jonson. 
HERBOUS, her'-bus. a. [herbosus, Lat.] Abounding 

with herbs. 
HERBULENT, her'-bu-lent. a. Containing herbs. 

Did. 
HERBWOMAN, erb'-wfim-un. 394. n. s. A woman 

that sells herbs. Arbuthnot. 
HERBY, eW-e. 394. a. Having the nature of herbs. 

Bacon. Full of herbs. 
HERCULEAN*, her-kiV-le-an. a. [from Hercules.] 
Of extraordinary strength, like Hercules. B. Jon- 
son. Befitting Hercules ; large ; massy. Drum- 
in ond. 
HERD§, herd, n. s. [heopb, hepb, Sax.] A num- 
ber of beasts together. Flocks and herds are sheep 
and oxen or Icine. Sliak. A company of men, 
generally in contempt or detestation. Dryden. It 
anciently signified a keeper of cattle, [hypb. Sax.] 
A sense still retained in composition : as, goatherd. 
Spenser. 
To HERD, herd. v. n. To run in herds or companies. 

Dn/den. To associate. Addison. 
To HERD, herd. v. a. To throw or put into a herd. 

B. Jonson. 
HE RDESS*, her'-d^s. n. s. A shepherdess. Chau- 
cer. Oh. T. 
HERDGROOM, herd'-grooin. n. s. A keeper of 

herds. Spenser. Ob. J. 
HE RDMAN, herd'-man. ) 88. n. s. [heapbman, 
HERDSMAN, herdz'-man. $ Sax.] One employed 
in tending herds 5 formerly, an owner of herds. 
Sidney. 
HERE$, here. ad. [hep, Sax.] In this place. Milton. 
In the present state. Bacon. It is used in making 
an offer or attempt 5 as, " Then here's for earnest." 
Dryden. In drinking a health. Cowley. It is oft- 
en opposed to there. Shakspeare. 
HEREABOUT*, here'4-bdut. ) n. s. About this 
HEREABOUTS, here'-a-bofits. \ place. Shak. 

Addison. 
HEREAFTER, here-af-tfir. ad. In time to come; 
m futurity. Shakspeare. In a future state. Bacon. 
HEREA'FTER, here-af-t&r. n. s. A future stale. 

Addison. 
HEREA'T, here-at'. ad. At this. Hooker. 
HEREBY', here-bl'. ad. By this. Hooker. 



HERE'DITABLE, he-red'-e-ta-o.. a. [luzres, Lat.] 
Whatever may be occupied as inheritance. Locke 

HEREDITAMENT, her-e-dit'-a-ment. n. s. [hce 
Tedium, Lat.] A law term denoting inheritance 
Blackstone. 

ffir Dr. Johnson and Mr. Barclay place the accent on 
tho first syllable of this word ; Dr. Ash, Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Soott, and Ehtick,on the second ; and Dr.Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Bailoy, on the third. The 
last accentuation is not only most agreeable to tho best 
usage, and the most grateful to the ear, but seein9 to ac- 
cord better with the secondary accent of the latter Latin 
hareditame nta. — See Academy. W. 

HEREDITARILY, he-red'-e-ta-re-le. ad. By in 

heritance. Selden. 
HEREDITARY §, he-rgd'-e-td-re. a. [hcereditarius 

Lat.] Possessed or claimed by right of inheritance 5 

descending by inheritance. Shakspeare. 
HEREIN, here-in'. ad. In this. Hooker. 
HEREPNTO, [here-m-tod', Perry; here'-m-tSo, 

Jones.] ad. Into this. Hooker. 
HEREO'F, here-of . [See Forthwith.] ad. From 

this; of this. Shakspeare. 
HEREON, bere-on'. ad. Upon this. Brown. 
HEREO'UT, here-Sul'. ad. Out of this place. Spenser. 
HE REMITE $*. n. s. See Eremite. A hermit. 

Bp. Hall. 
HEREMITICAL, her-e-nuV-ik-al. a. [typos.] Sol- 
itary ; suitable to a hermit. Pope. 
HERESIARCH, he-re'-zhe-ark. 451. [Sec Eccle- 

siastick.] n. s. [aipems and apx'i] -A- leader in. 

heresy. Stillingfleet. 
HERESIARCHY*, heV-e-se-ar-ke. n. s. Principal 

heresy. Sir T. Herbert. 
HERESY, heV-e-se. n. s. [Ztpevis.] An opinion of 

private men, different from that of the catholick 

and orthodox church. Hooker. 
HERETICKJ, heV-e-tSk. 510. n.s. [5 t?£ n/cS s .] One 

who propagates his private opinions in opposition 

to the catholick church. Bacon. Ludicrously, any 

one whose opinion is erroneous. Shakspeare. 
HERETICAL, he-ret'-e-kal. a. Containing heresy. 

Hooker. 
HERE'TICALLY, he-ret'-e-kal-le. ad. With heresy. 
HERETOCH*. n. s. [hepeco^a, Sax.] A gen- 
eral ; a leader of an army. Blackstone. Ob. T. 
HERETO', here-too'. ad. To this ; add to this. 
HERETOFORE, here-too-fore', ad. Formerly ; 

anciently. Sidney. 
HEREUNTO', here-un-too'. ad. To this. Hooker. 
HEREUPON* here-fip-on'. ad. Upon this. Toiler. 
HEREWITH, here'-wfc/i. [See Forthwith.] ad. 

With this. Spenser. 
HERIOT§, her'-e-6t. n.s. Thepe^ilb, Sax.] A 

fine paid to the lord at the death of a landholder 

Howell. 
HERIOTABLE*, heV-e-6t-a-bJ. a. Subject to the 

demand of a heriot. Burn. 
HERITABLE, heV-e-ta-bl. ad. Capable to inherit 

whatever may be inherited. Hale. 
HERITAGE, ber'-e-taje. 90. n. s. [heritage, Fr.] 

Inheritance ; estate devolved by succession ; estate 

in general. Spenser. [In divinity.] The people of 

God. Com. Prayer. 
HERMAPHRODETTY*, her-maf-fr6-de'-e-te. n.s 

The being in the state of an hermaphrodite. B. 

Jonson. 
HERMAPHRODITES, her-maf-frA-dite. 155. n.s 

[hum and afpoSirr}.] An animal uniting two sexes. 

Cueavdand. 
HERMAPHRODITIC AL, her-maf-fro-chV-e-kal, 

a. Partaking of both sexes. Brown. 
HERMAPHRODFTICALLY*, her-maf-fro-dfr'-e- 
kal-le. ad. After the manner of both sexes. Brown. 
HERMAPHRODFTICK*, her-maf-fro-dlt'-ik. a. 

Partaking of both sexes. B. Jonson. 
HERMETIC AL ^her-met'-e-kal. ; a. [from Hermes, 
HERMETICK ^her-met'-ik.m \ or Mercury, the 
imagined inventor of chymistry.] Chymical. Quincy. 
HERME'TICALLY, her-met'-f kal-e. ad. Accord- 
ing to the hermetical or chymick art. Bentley. 
HERMITS, her'-mit. n.s. [i ?w im.] A solitary] 
463 



HER 



HET 



CP 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pfn;- 



an anchoret ; one who retires from society to con- 
templation and devotion. Bacon. A beadsman; 
<me bound to pray for another. Shakspeare. 
HERMITAGE, heV-mit-aje. 90. n. s. [hermitage, 

FrJ The cell or habitation of a hermit. Spenser. 
HE'RMITAGE*, heV-mft-aje. n. s. A French wine. 

Addison. 
HE'RMITARY*, her'-mit-a-re. ri. s. A religious cell 

annexed to some abbey. Howell. 
HE'RMITESS, heV-mft-tes. n.s. A "woman retired 

to devotion. Drummond. 
HERMFTICAL, hgr-mlt'-e-kal. a. Suitable to a 

hermit. Coventry. 
HE'RMODACTYL, hey-m6-dak-t?l.rc.s. [iprfs and 
ddicrv'Sos.] Hermodactyl is a root, and represents 
the common figure of a heart cut in two. The 
dried roots are a gentle purge. 
HERN, hern, n. s. [Contracted from Heron.] 

Peacham. 
HERNHILL, hern'-hill. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
HERNIA, her'-ne-a. n.s. [Lat.] Any kind of rup- 
ture. Wiseman. 
HERNSHAYV*, hem'-shaw. n. s. A heron. Spen- 
ser. 
HE'RO §, he'-r6. ». 5. [ipw?.] A man eminent for 
bravery. Cowley. A man of the highest class in 
any respect. 
HERO'DIANS*, he-nV-de-anz. n. s. pi. A Jewish 
sect, of which mention is made in the New Testa- 
ment. Bp. Percy. 
HE'ROESS, he'-ro-es. n.s. [7ierois,Lat.] A heroine ; 

a female hero. Chapman. Ob. J. 
HERO'ICAL, he-ro'-e-kal. a. Befitting a hero ; no- 
ble ; heroick. Sidney. 
HEROICALLY, he-ri'-e-kal-e. ad. After the way 

of a hero 5 suitably to a hero. Sidney. 
HERO'ICK, he-r<y-ik. a. Productive of heroes. 
Shak. Noble ; suitable to a hero ; brave ; mag- 
nanimous ; intrepid. Milton. Reciting the acts 
©f heroes: used of poetry. Cowley. That kind 
of verse in which epick poems are usually com- 
posed. Milton. 
HEROICK*, he-ro'-lk. n. s. An heroick verse; 

which consists, in our poetry, of ten feet. Dry den. 
HEROICKLY, he-r6'-ik-le. ad. Suitably to a hero. 

Milton. 
HEROICO'MICAL* he-r6-e-k&m'-e-kal. ) a. Con- 
HEROICO'MICK* he-rc-e-kom'-ik. \ sisting 

of a mixture of dignity and levity. Dr. Warton. 
HE'ROINE, her'-d-ln. 535. n. s. [heroine, Fr.] A fe- 
male hero. Dryden. 
HE ROISM, her'-b-lzm. 535. n. s. [Iveroisme, Fr.] 

The qualities or character of a hero. Broome. 
HE'RON §, heV-un. 166. n. s. [Iieron, Fr.] A bird 

that feeds upon fish, Sidney. \ 
HERONRY, hei^-un-re. 166. n. s. A place where 

herons breed. Derham. 
RE'ROSHIP*, he'-r6-sh?p. n. s. The character of a 

hero, jocularly speaking. Cowper. 
HE'RPES^, hei^-piz. n. s. [epvtjs.] A cutaneous in- 
flammation. Quincy. 
HE'RPETICK*, her'-pe-tik. a. [fpwrfc.] Creeping : 
a modern word applied to the eruptions occasioned 
by the disease herpes. 
HERRICA'NO*. See Hurricane. 
HE RRlNG, herVing. ft. 5. [hepin£, Sax.] A small 

spa fish. Carew. 
UERRNHU'TER*, hern-h&t'-tfir. n. s. [from the 
German Indh des herrn, the assumed name of the 
habitation of the original Herrnhuters.l One of a 
fanatical sect, established by Nicholas Lewis, 
Count of Zinzendorf, called also Moravians. 
Rimius. 
HERS, hfirz. pron. The female possessive. See Her. 
HE'RSAL*. See Hearsfl. 
HERSE $, herse. n. s. [hersia, low Lat.] [See 
Hearse.] A temporary monument raised over 
a grave. A grave ; a coffin. The carriage in 
which corpses are drawn to the grave. Pope, 
[fierce, French.] A kind of portcullis, in fortification. 
To HERSE, herse. v, a. To put into a herse. 
Chapman. 



HE'RSELF, har-self . pronoun. A female individu- 
al, as distinguished from others. SlwJc. Being in 
her own power; mistress of her own thoughts. 
Dryden. The oblique case of the reciprocal pro- 
noun ; as, she hurt herself. Exodus. 

HE'RSELIKE, herse'-llke. a. Funereal ; suitable to 
funerals. 

To HE'RY, he'-re. v. a. [hepian, Sax.] To hallow: 
to regard as holy. Speiiser. Ob. J. 

HE'SITANCY, hez'-e-tan-se. n. s. Dubiousness; 
uncertainty; suspense. Boyle. 

ToHE'SlTATES, hez'-e-tate. v. n. [hcesito, Lat.] 
To be doubtful ; to delay ; to pause. Pope. 

HESITATION, hez-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Doubt; un- 
certainty; difficulty made. Woodward. Inter- 
mission of speech ; want of volubilitv. Swift. 

HE'SKY*. See Husky. 

HEST, hest. n.s. [hae^t, Sax.] Command; precept; 
injunction. Spenser. Ob. J. 

HE'STERN*. See Yester. 

HE'TERARCHY*, het'-e-rar-ke. n. s. [bipos and 
dpyf;.] The government of an alien. Bp. Hall. 

HE'TEROCLlTEy, heV-er-6-kllte. 156. n.s. [heiero- 
clitum, Lat.] Such nouns as vary from the com- 
mon forms of declension. Clarke. Any thing or 
person deviating from the common rule. Burton. 

$£t Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash. Mr. Perry, Bu- 
chanan, Barclay, and Bailey, unite in placing the ac- 
cent on the first syllable of this word: Entick alone 
places it on the third. Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan 
place an accent also on the last syllable, and make the i 
long ; while Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry make it short. 
That the accent ought to be on the first syllable, cannot 
be doubled, when we consider how uniformly we remove 
the accent higher when we anglicise Latin words by 
shortening them : and though the i in these terminations! 
is rather ambiguous, 15b, it certainly inclines to the long 
sound, which Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan have given it. 
— See Academy and Incomparable. W. 

HE'TEROCLITE*, heY-e-r6-klhe. a. Denoting 
nouns varying from the common forms of declen- 
sion. Watts. Deviating from common rules; 
singular. Orrery. 

HETEROCLVTICAL, het-er-r6-kl?t'-e-kul. a. De- 
viating from the common rule. Brown. 

HETERO'CLITOUS*, het-e-r&k'-le-tus. a. Vary- 
ing from grammatical declension. Sir W. Petty. 

HETERODOX^ het'-er-o-ddks. a. [htpos and 
<5d£u.] Deviating from the established opinion; not 
orthodox. Locke. 

HETERODOX, heV-e-r6-doks. n.s. An opinion 
peculiar. Brown. 

HETERODOXY*, het'-e-r6-d6k-se. ft. s. The qual- 
ity of being heterodox. Bp. Bull. 

HE'TEROGENE^*, het'-e-r6-jene. a. [kepos and 
yivos.] Not of thef same kind ; dissimilar. B. Jon- 
son. 

HETEROGE'NEAL, hei-er-o-je'-ne-al. a. Not of 
the same nature, not kindred. Bacon. 

HETEROGENEITY, hgt-eY-i-je-ne'-e-te. n. s. Op- 
position of nature ; contrariety or dissimilitude of 
qualities. Opposite or dissimilar part. Boyle. 

HETEROGENEOUS, h^t-er-o-je'-ne-us. a. Not 
kindred ; opposite or dissimilar in nature. Wallis. 

Q^f There is an affected pronunciation of this and the 
two preceding words, which, contrary to our own anal- 
ogy, preserves the g hard. The plea is, that these 
words are derived from the Greek, which always pre- 
served the gamma hard. To produce this reason is to 
expose it. What would become of our language, if 
every word from the Greek and Latin, that had" g in 
it, were so pronounced? What is most to be regretted 
is, that men of learning sometimes join in these pedan- 
tick deviations, which are only worthy of the lowest or 
der of critical coxcombs. — See Gymnastick. W. 

HETEROGE'NEOUSNESS*, het-er-i-je'-ne-fis 

n^s. n. s. Dissimilitude in nature ; conu-ariety of 

parts. Ash. 
HETERO'SCLW*, het-e-r&sh'-e-an. a. [irepoi 

and ffKta.] Having the shadow only one way. 

Gregory. 
HETERO'SCIANS, hSt-e-rosh'-e-ans. n. s. Those 

whose shadows fall only one way, as the shadows 



HIC 



HIE 



— no, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bill ; — 611 ;— pofind ;— th 



in, THIS. 



of us, who live north of the tropick, full at noon al- ; 
way s to the north. 
H»HEVV$, hu. v.a. part, hewn or lueioed. [heapan, I 

Sax.] To cut by blows with an edged instrument ; | 
to hack. Spenser. To chop ; to cut. Dryden. To 
cut, as with an axe. Sliak. To form or sliape with 
an axe. Isa. xxii. To form laboriously. Dryden. 
HEW*, hu. n. 5. Destruction by cutting down. Spen- 
ser. Colour. o See Hue. 
HE'WER, hu'-ur. 98. n.s. One whose employment 
is to cut wood or stone. Dent, xxix. 

HE'XACHORD* heks'-i-kdrd. n.s. [g£ and yop^-] 
[In musick.] A concord, commonly called a 
sixth. 

HEXAE'DRON*,heks-a-e'-dron. n.s. [% and tfpa.] 
[In geometry.] A cube. 

HEXAGON §.heks'-a-g6n. 16G. n.s. [ t '| and yoma.] 
A figure of six sides or angles : the most capacious 
of all the figures that can be added to each other 
without any interstice; and therefore the cells in 
honeycombs are of that form. 

HEXAGONAL, hegz-ag'-6-nal. 478. a. Having six 
sides or corners. Brown. 

HEXA'GONY, hegz-ag'-o-ne. 48. n.s. A figure of 
six angles. Bp. Bramhall. 

HEXA'5lETER$, hegz-am'-e-tfir. 518. n.s. [£g and 
uirpov.] A verse of six feet. Dryden. 

HEXAMETER*, hesz-am'-e-tur. a. Having six 
metrical feet. Dr. Wartori. 

HEXAMETRICAL* heks-a-met'-re-kal. ) a. Con- 

HEXAMETRICK*, hegz-am'-e-trik. J sisting j 

of hexameters. Warton. 

HE'XAPEDE*, heks'-a-peed. n. s. [£|, Gr. smdpedes, 
Lai.] A fathom. Cockeram. 

HEXA'NGULAR, hegz-ang'-u-Iar. a. [%, Gr. and 
anguhis, Lat.] Having six corners. Woodward. 

HE'XAPOD, heks'-a-pod. n.s. [g| and Trdfe.] An 
animal with six feet. Ray. 

HEXA'STICK, hegz-as'-tlk. 509. n. s. [g| and <m- 
voc] A poem of six lines. Selden. 

HE'XASTYLE* h&s'-a-stlle. n. s. [I| and trriXesJ 
[In architecture.] A building with six columns in 
front. 

HEY, ha. interj. [from high.] An expression of joy, 
or mutual exhortation. Prior. 

HEY*. See under Hay, To dance tlie hay, and 
also Heydeguy. 

HEYDAY, ha'-da. interj. [for high day] An ex- 
pression of frolick and exultation. Hudibras. 

HE'YDAY, ha'-da. 2G9. n. s. A frolick ; wildness. 
Shakspeare. 

HE'YDEGUY, ha'-de-gh n. s. [perhaps from hey- 
day and guise.] A kina of dance ; a country-dance, 
or round. Spenser. Ob. J. 

HE'YWARD*. See Hay ward. 

HIA TION, hl-a'-shun. n. s. [hio, Lat.] The act of 
gaping. Brown. 

HlA'TCS, hl-a'-t&s. Ti.5. [hiatus, Lat.] An aperture ; 
a gaping breach . Woodward. The opening of the 
mouth by the succession of an initial to a final ! 
vowel. Pove. 

HIBE'RNAL, hl-ber'-nal. a. [hibeimus, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the winter. Brown. 

HTBE'RMANS*, bl-beV-ne-an. n.s. [Hibernia, the 
Latin name of Ireland.] An Irishman. Campbell. 

HIBE'RNIAN*, hi-beV-ne-an. a. Relating to Ire- 
land. 

HIBE'RNICISM*, hi-beV-ne-s?zm. n.s. A mode of 
speech peculiar to natives of Ireland. 

HICCIUS DOC TIL'S, hfk'-sbos-ddk'-shcs. n. s. 
[corrupted from hk est cfocius.] A cant word for a 
juggler: one that plavs fast and loose. Hudibras. 

HICCOUGHS, hfk'-kup, or hik'-kof. n.s. [hicka, 
Su. Goth. J A convulsion of the stomach producing 
sobs. Wiseman. 



" Quoth he ? to bid me not to love 

" Is to forbid my pulse to move, 

" My beard to grow, my ears to prick up, 

" Or, when I'm in a fit, to hie hup." W. 

To HICCOUGH, hlk'-kup. v. n. To sob with con- 
vulsion of the stomach. 

To HI'CKUP, hlk'-kup. v. n. [coiTupted from hk 
cough.] To sob with a convulsed stomach. Hudib 

HI'CKWALL,hik'-wall.> A . . , rhmn . 

HI'CKW A Y, hik'-wa. \ *• s ' A bird Chambers - 

hid, hid. ; , ,,.; 

HIDDEN, h?d'-dn. \P^ l -P^ s - of >^- 

HFDDENLY*, hid'-dn-le. ad. Privily; secretly 
Cotgrave. 

HI'DAGE*, hl'-dldje. n.s. A tax formerly laid on 
every hide of land. 

HIDALGO*, he-dal'-go. n.s. [Spanish.] One of 
noble birth. Terry. 

To HIDE §, hide. v.a. preler. hid ; part. pass, hid or 
hidden, [hiban, Sax.] To conceal ; to withhold or 
withdraw irom sight or knowledge. Shakspeare. 

To HIDE, hide. v.n. To lie hid; to be concealed. 

HIDE and SEEK, hide-and-seek. n.s. A play in 
which some hide themselves, and another seeks 
them. Sioift. 

HIDE §, hide. n.s.. [hybe, Sax.] The skin of any 
animal, either raw or dressed. Dryden. The hu- 
man skin, in contempt. Shak. [hide, hyde, Fr.] 
A certain quantitv of land. Wotton. 

HIDEBO'UND, hlde'-bd&nd. a. A horse is said to 
be hidebound wiien his skin sticks so hard to his 
ribs and back, that you cannot with your hand pull 
up, or lecsen, the one from the other. Farrier's 
Dirt. In trees : being in the state in which the 
bark will not give way to the growth. Bacon. 
Harsh; untraceable. Milion. Niggardly; penu- 
rious. Stafford. 

HIDEOUS §, hid'-e-us, or hid'-je-fis. 293. a. [hideux, 
Fr.] Horrible; dreadful; shocking. Sidney. De- 
testable. Spenser. 

HFDEOUSLY, hid'-e-fis-le. ad. Horribly; dread- 
j fully; in a manner that shocks. Shakspeare. 
\ HFDLOUSNESS, hld'-e-fis-nes. n. s. Horribleness ; 
dreadfulness ; terrour. Shakspeare. 

HFDER, hl'-dflr. 98. n.s. He that hides. Sherwood. 

HFDING*. hi' -ding. n.s. Concealment. Habak. iii. 

HFDING-PLACE*, hl'-ding-plase. n.s. A place of 
concealment. Shuckford. 

To HIE §, hi. r. n. [hi^an.hi^ian, Sax.] To hasten ; 
to go in haste. Spenser. 

HIE*, hi. n. s. Haste ; diligence. Chaucer. 

HFERARCH6, bl'-e-r&rk. n.s. [fcpos and ap X i] 
The chief of a sacred order. Milton. The chief 
oi any establishment. Cm-entry. 

HIERA'RCHAL* hl-e-rlr'-kal. a. Belonging to sa- 
cred government. Milton. 

HIERARCHICAL, hl-e-rar'-ke-kal. a. Belonging 
to sacred or ecclesiastical government. Abp. San- 
croft. 

HFERARCHY, hl'-e-rar-ke. n.s. A sacred govern- 
ment; rank or subordination of holy beings. Fair 
fax. Ecclesiastical establishment. Bacon. 

HFEROGLYPH §. hl'-e-rd-gllf. ; n. s. [Upog 

HIEROGLY'PHICK£,hl-e-r6-glif'-?k. $ and y U 
<*&>.] An emblem ; a figure by which a word was 
implied, and used before the alphabet was invent- 
ed. Sir G. Buck. The art of writing in picture. 
Swift. 

HIEROGLY'PHICAL. hl-e-r6-glif-e-kal. ) 

HIEROGLY'PHICK, hl-e-r6-gltf-ik. \ a - 
Emblematical ; expressive of some meaning be- 
yond what immediatelv appears. Sandys. 

HIEROGLY'PHICALLY, hl-e-r6-gh 2 f'-e-kal-e'. ad. 
Emblematically. 

HFEROGRAM§*, hl'-e-rd-gram. n.s. [l £p d s and 



{try This is one of those words which seems to have been 

corrupted by a laudable intention of bringing it nearer ;) ypduua.'] A kind of sacred writing 

toils or.gmal. The convulsive sob was supposed to | H1ER0GRA'3IMATICK*, hl-e-r6-grW-ma-tflc. 

be a species of cougli ; but neither Junius noi Skinner , v ■ f , , . „._:,:„„. A Q i] 

mention anv such derivation, and both suppose it formed i TT^oiTi^^Af »%\e^* ^ Fa A » / * i 

from the sound it occasions. Accordingly we find, j HIEROGRA'MMATIST* hl-e-rO-gram'-ma-tlst 

though hiccough is the most general orthography, hic-\\ n. s. [[Epoypa^arjuj.] A writer of hieroglyphicks 

kv.p is the mos usual pronunciation. Tbus Butior:- - | Greenliill. 

59 465 



HIG 
















HIG 


0*559.- 


-Fate, 


far, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, 


met 5 


—pine 


pfn; — 



HIEROGRATHlCAL*,hi-e-r6-graf'-e-kal. ) „ 

HIEROGRA'PHICK*, hl-e-ro-graP-ik. \ 
Denoting- sacred writing. Asffe. 

HIERO'GRAPHYS, hi-e-rog'-graf-e. 518. n. s. \lepb<; 
and ypd(b(t).~\ Holy writing. 

HIERO'LOGY^hl-e-rol'-o-Je. n.s. [Up&s and \6yos.~] 
Discourse on sacred things. 

HFEROMANCY*, hl'-e-rd-man-se. n. s. [Upo/iav- 
refa.l Divination by sacrifices. 

HI'EROPHANT,hl-er'-6-fant. 518. n.s. [Upo<pdvr V g.] 
One who teaches rules of religion ; a priest. Hale. 

To HI'GGLE $, hig'-gl. 405. v. n. To chaffer; to be 
penurious in a bargain. Hale. To go selling pro- 
visions from door to door. 

HIGGLEDY-FIGGLEDY,hIg'-gi-de-p%'-gl-de.arf. 
A cant word, corrupted from higgle, which denotes 
any confused mass. 

HFGGLER, hig'-gl-fir. 98. n.s. One who sells pro- 
visions bv retail. South. 

HIGH§, hi. 390. a. [heah, Sax.] Long, upwards ; 
rising above from the surface, or from the centre. 
Bacon. Elevated in place ; raised aloft. Locke. 
Exalted in nature. Baxter. Elevated in rank or 
condition. St. Mark, vi. Exalted in sentiment. 
Milton. Difficult ; abstruse. Shak. Boastful ; os- 
tentatious. Clarendon. Arrogant ; proud ; lofty. 
Psalm ci. Severe ; oppressive. Bacon. Noble ; 
illustrious. Sliak. Strong ; powerful. E.rod. xiv. j 
Violent ; tempestuous ; loud.' Denham. Tumultu- 
ous; turbulent; ungovernable Milton. Full; com- 
plete : applied (o time. Spenser. Raised to any 
great degree. Milton. Advancing in latitude from 
the line. Abbot. At the most perfect state ; in the 
meridian. Gen. xxix. Far advanced into antiqui- ] 
ty. Broivn. Dear ; exorbitant in price. South. 
Capital; great; opposed to little : as, high treason, 
in opposition to petty. Solemn; eminently ob-j 
servable. St. John, xix. Loud ; full : a musical 
term. Milton. Zealous in the cause of others. A 
term applied, sometime after the revolution, to the 
church, dividing the members into high and low ; 
and the opinion that the high joined with the Pa- 
pists, inclined the low to fall in with the Dissenters. 
Swift. 

HIGH* hi. ad. Aloft. Milton. Aloud. Psalm cl. 
Powerfully. Milton. In a great or high degree. 
Shot. Profoundly ; with great degrees of knowl- 
edge. Milton. 

On HIGH, hi. ad. Above ; aloft. Isaiah, xxiv. Aloud. 
Spenser. 

To HIGH*, hi. v.n. To hasten. See To Hie. 

HIGH- AIMED*, hl'-amd. a. Having lofty or grand 
designs. Crashaw. 

HIGH-ARCHED*, hl'-artsht.a. Having loftv arches. 
May. 

HIGH-ASPIRING*. hl'-as-plre'-ing. a. Having 
great views. Bp. Hall. 

HIGH-BLEST, hl'-blest. a. Supremely happy. Mil- 
ton. 

HIGH-BLOWN. hl'-bl6ne. a. Swelled much with 
wind ; much inflated. Sliakspeare. 

HIGH-BORN, hi -born. a. Of noble extraction. 
Rome. 

HIGH-BUILT, hl'-bilt. a. Of lofty structure. Milton. 
Covered with loftv buildings. Creech. 

HIGH-CLIMBING*, hi'-kllme-lng. a. Difficult to 
ascend ; high to climb. Milton. 

HIGH-COLOURED, hl'-kul-lurd. a. Having a deep 
or glaring colour. Floijer. 

HIGH-DAY* hl'-da. a. Fine ; befitting a holyday. 
Shakspeare. 

HIGH-DESIGNING^V-de-sl'-ning. a. Having great 
schemes. Dri/rlen. 

HIGH-EMBOWED^hl'-em-boud'. a. Highly vault- 
ed ; having loftv arches. Milton. 

HIGH-ENGENDERED*,hl'-£n-jen / -d5rd. a. Form- 
ed aloft ; engendered in the air. Shakspeare. 

HIGH-FED, hl'-fed. a. Pampered. V Estrange. 

HIGH-FLAMING, hi'-flame-mg. a. Throwing the 
flame to a great height. Pope. 

HIGH-FLIER, hl'-fll-ur. n.s. One that carries his 
opinions to extravagance. Swift. 



HIGH-FLOWN, hl'-flone. a. Elevated; proud 

Denham. Turgid ; extravagant. L'Est'-angc. 
HIGH-FLUSHED*, hi'-flfisht. a. Elevated; elated 

Young. 
HIGH-FLYING, bl'-fll-mg. a. Extravagant in claims 

or opinions. Dryden. 
HIGH-GAZING*, hi'-ga-zlng. a. Looking upwards. 

More. 
HIGH-GOING*, hl'-gi-Ing. a. Going or moving at 

a great rate. Massinger. 
HIGH-GROWN*, hi'-grone. a. Having the crop 

grown to consiaerahle height. Shakspeare. 
HIGH-HEAPED, hl'-hept. a. Covered with high 

piles. Pope. Raised into high piles. Pope. 
HIGH-HEARTED*, hi'-hart-ed. a. Full of heart or 

courage. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
HIGH-HEELED, hl'-heeld. a. Having the heel of 

the shoe much raised. Swift. 
HIGH-HUNG, hi'-hung. a. Hung aloft. Dmden. 
HIGH-METTLED, hl'-met-tld. a. Proud or ardent 

of spirit. Garth. 
HIGH-MINDED, hi -minded, a. Proud ; arrogant. 

Rom. xi. 
HIGH-PLACED*, hl'-plaste. a. Elevated in situa- 
tion or rank. Shakspeare. 
HIGH-PRINCIPLED, hl'-prln'-se-pld. a. Extrava- 
gant in notions of politicks. Swift. 
HIGH-RAISED*, hi'-razd. a. Raised aloft. Drijden. 

Raised with great conceptions. Milton. 
HIGH-REACHING*, hl'-reetsh-ing. a. Reaching 

upwards. Milton. Ambitious; aspiring. Shak. 
HIGH-REARED*, hl'-reerd. a. Of lofty structure. 

Shakspeare. 
HIGH-RED, hl'-r&L a. Deeply red. Boyle 
HIGH-REPENTED*, hl'-re-pem'-ed. a. 1 

of to the utmost. Shakspeare. 
HIGH-RESOLVED*, hl'-re-z&lvd'. a. Resolute. 

Titus Andronicus. 
HIGH-ROOFED*, hl'-rodft. a. Having a lofty roof. 

Milton. 
HIGH-SEASONED, hl'-se'-znd. a. Piquant to the 

palate. Locke. 
HIGH-SEATED*, hl'-seef-ed. a. Fixed above. 

Milton. 



Repented 



HIGH-SIGHTED, hl'-slte'-eU a. Always looking 
upwards. Shakspeare. 

HIGH-SPIRITED, hl'-spir'-it-ed. a. Bold; daring; 
insolent. 

HIGH-STOMACHED, hl'-slfim'-akt. a. Obstinate ; 
lofty. Shakspeare. 

HIGH-SWELLING*, hl'-swel'-lmg. a. Swelling to 
a great height. P. Fletcher. 

HIGH-SWOLN*, hl'-swoltf. a. Swoln to the utmost. 
Shakspeare. 

HIGH-TASTED, hF-tas'-ted. a. Gustful ; piquant. 
Denham. 

HIGH-TOWERED*, hl'-tSu'-Grd. a. Having lofty 
towers. Milton. 

HIGH-VICED, hl'-vlst. a. Enormously wicked. 
Shakspeare. 

HIGH-WROUGHT, hl'-rawt. a. Agitated to the 
utmost. Shak. Accurately finished; nobly la- 
boured. Pope. 

HI'GHLAND§, hl'-land. n.s. [high and land.] 
Mountainous region. Milton. 

HIGHLANDER, hl'-land-ur. n.s. An inhabitant 
of mountains; a mountaineer. Addison. 

$5= We sometimes hear a most absurd pronunciation of 
this word, taken from the Scotch, as if written Heeland- 
er. It is curious to observe, that, while the Scotch are 
endeavouring to leave their own pronunciation and 
adopt that of the English, there are some English so- 
capricious as to quit their own pronunciation, and 
adopt that which the Scotch strive '•arefully to 
avoid. W. 

HIGHLANDISH*, hl'-land-Tsh. a. Denoting a 
mountainous country. Drumviond. 

HFGHLY, hi'-le. ad. With elevation as to place and 
situation ; aloft. In a great degree. Addison. 
Proudly ; arrogantly ; ambitiously. Shak. With 
esteem"; with estimation. Romans, xii. 

HI'GHMOST, hl'-most. a. Highest; topmost. Shak. 

HPGHNESS, hl'-nes. n. s. Elevation above the sur- 
466 



HIN 



Hilt 



-116, mftve, n6r, n6t;— tube, tub, bOH }— 611 5— pftflnd ;— tftin, this. 



face; loftiness. The title of princes, anciently of 
kings. Sliak. Dignity of nature j .supremacy. 
J6b,xxx\. Excellence ; value. Howell. 

HIGHT, hlte. An imperfect verb, [liar an, Sax.] Is 
called; is named; am named. Chancer. Tube 
called. Chaucer. Was named; was called. Spen- 
ser. Called ; named. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To IIIGHT*. hlte. v. a. [hafcan, Sax.] To promise. 
Chaucer. To intrust. Spenser. To command ; to 
direct. Spenser. 

On HIGHT*, hlte. ad. Aloud. Spenser. 

HIGHTH*. [See Height.] n. s. [hih». Sax.] 
Height; Milton. 

HIGHWA'TER, hl'-wa-tur. n. s. [high and water.] 
The utmost flow of the tide. Mortimer. 

HIGHWA'Y, hl-wa'. n.s. [high and way.) Great 
road ; publick path. Spenser. Figuratively, a 
train of action with apparent consequence. 6/fLld. 

HI'GHWAYMAN, hi'-wa-man. 88. n.s. A regber 
that plunders on the publick. roads. Bentlcij. 

Hl'GLAPER, hlgMa-pfir. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. 

To HI'LARATE§* hll'-a-rate. v. a. To make mer- 
ry. Cockeram. 

HILARITY, he-lar'-e-te. n. s. [hilaritas, Lat.] 
Merriment ; gayety. Brown. 

Ill LARY Term*. "The term which begins on the 
twenty-third of January : Terminus Saiwti Iiilarii. 
Co ice/. 

H1LD, hlld. n.s. [hilb, Sax.] A lord or lady: so 
Hifdebert is a noble lord ; Mathild, an heroick lady. 
Gibson. 

HI'LDING, hild'-mg. n. s. [hylban, Sax.] A sorry, 
paltry, cowardly fellow. Shah. It is used like- 
wise for a mean woman. Shakspeare. 

HILL§, h!l. n. s. [lul, Sax.] An elevation cf ground 
less than a mountain. Sidney. 

To HILL*, hll. v.a. [lulan, Sax.] To cover. Gower. 

HI'LLED* Wl'-led. or hlld. a. Having hills. Bp. 
Hard. 

HFLLING*, hilMing. n.s. A covering; as, "the 
hilling of a house." Prompt. Pai°v. An accumu- 
lation. Hewyt. 

HILLOCK, hilMok. n. s. A little hill. Sidney. 

HI'LEY, hll'-le. a. Full of hills; unequal in the sur- 
face. Howell. Like a hill ; lofty. Beaum. and Fl. 

HILT§, hilt. n.s. [hilt, Sax.] The handle of any 
thing, particularly of a sword. Shakspeare. 

HI'LTED* hilt'-ed. a. Having a hilt. 

HIM §, him. [him, Sax.] The oblique case of he. 
Gen. xli. 

H1MSE LF, him-seif. pron. In the nominative, he. 
Bacon. In ancient authors, itself. Shakspeare. In 
the oblique cases it has a reciprocal signification. 
1 Sam. xx. 

Bit HIMSELF, h'im-self. Alone ; unaccompanied. 1 
'Kings, xviii. 

HIN, hin. n. s. [.p] A measure of liquids among 
the Jews, containing about ten pints. Exod. xxix. 

HIND§, hind. a. compar. hinder ; super!, hindmost. 
[hynban, Sax.] Backward; contrary in position to 
the face. Ray. 

§Cr This word, with its comparative kinder, and its su- 
perlative hindmost and /undermost, are sometimes cor- 
ruptly pronounced with the i short, as in sinned; but 
this is so contrary to analogy, as to deserve the atten- 
tion of every correct speaker. IV. 

HIND. hind. n. s. [lunbe, Sax.] The she to a stag. 
Spenser, ['nine, Sax.] A servant. Sliak. [lane- 
man. Sax.] A peasant; a boor. Dryden. 

HI'NDBERRIES, hlnd'-ber-riz. n. s. [lunbbejiian, 
Sax.] Raspberries, or perhaps bramble-berries. 

To HI'NDER $, hk'-d&r. v.a. [hmbpian, Sax.] 
To obstruct; to stop; to let; to impede. Gen. 

XXIV. 

To HI'NDER, hiii'-d&r. v. n. To raise hinderances ; 

to cause impediment. Shakspeare. 
HI'NDER, hW-dfir. 515. a. That is in a position 

contrary: to that of the lace. Sidney. 
Hl'NDERANCE, hin'-d'iir-i'inse. n. s. Impediment ; 

let ; stop ; obstruction. Hooker, 
til NDERER, hln'-dfir-fir. n.s. He or that which 

binders or obstructs. Mov. 



Hl'NDERLlNG, hlnd'-ftr-lfng. n. s. [f-om hind or 
hinder.] A paltry, worthless, degenerate animal 
( 'alhnder. 

HI'NDERMOBT, hlnd'-ur-me-st. a. [less proper than 
liiiulwost.] Hindmost ; last. Genesis. 

HFNDMOST, hhid'-most. a. The last; die lag; that 
which conies in the rear. Shakspear.:. 

liLM )()'() % htii-doo'. n. s. [Persian.] An aboriginal 
inhabitant of Ilindoslan. Hallied. 

HINDRANCE*. See Hindkrance. 

HINGE §, hinje. 74. n. s. [or liingle, from bangle or 
hang.] Joints upon which a gate or door turns. 
Milton. The cardinal points of the world, East, 
West, North, and South. Milton. A governing 
rule or principle. Temple. — To be off the hinges. 
To be in a stale of irregularity and disorder. Til- 
lot son. 

To HINGE, hinje. v. a. To furnish with hinges. To 
bend as a hinge. Shakspeare. 

To HINGE*, hinje. v. n. To turn as upon a hinge ; 

ro°HI'SfNIATE*, hin'-ne-ale. ) v. n. [hinnio, Lat.] 

To HI'NNY*, hm'-ne. \ To neigh. B.Jons. 

To HINTS, hint. v.a. [hentan, Sax.] To bring to 
mind by a slight mention or remote allusion; to 
mention imperfectly. South. 

To HINT at. To allude to ; to touch slightly upon. 
Addison. 

HINT, hint. ?2.5. Faint notice given to the mind ; re- 
mote allusion ; distant insinuation. South. Sug- 
gestion; intimation. Shakspeare. 

HIPS, hip. n. s. [hipe, Sax.] The joint of the thigh. 
Shakspeare. The haunch ; the flesh of the thigh. 
Hiidibras. — To have on the hip. [A low phrase.] 
To have an advantage over another. Sliakspeare. 
Hip and thigh. Complete overthrow. Judges, xv. 

HIP, hip. n.s. [heopa, Sax.] The fruit of the brier 
or the dog-rose. Spenser. 

To HIP, hip. v. a. To sprain or shoot the hip. Shak. 

HIP, hip. inle.rj. An exclamation, or calling to one. 
Ainsworth. 

HIP-HOP, hip-hop. A cant word formed by the 
reduplication of hop. 

HIP, hip. ) a. A corruption of hypochon- 

HPPP1SH, hip'-pish. S driack. Ainsworth. 

HIPPED*, hlpt. a. Melancholy. Green. 

HFPHALT*, hip'-halt. a. [hip and halt.] Lame 
Gower. 

HITPOCAMP*, hip'-pO-kamp. n. s. [hirdicainrog} 
A sea-horse. Browne. 

HIPPOCE'NTAUR, hip-p6-sen'-lawr. n. s. [Jtttto- 
Kivravpog.] A fabulous monster, half horse and half 
man. Dryden. 

HIPPOCRASS, hip'-pc-kras. n.s. [quasi vinum 
Hippocratis.] A medicated wine. Kin^. 

HIPPO'CRATES'S Sleeve, n. s. A woollen bag 
made by joining the two opposite angles of a 
square piece of flannel, used to strain sirups and 
decoctions for clarification. Quincv. 

HIPPO'CRATISM* liip-pok'-ra-tizm. n. s. [from 
Hippocrates.] The philosophy of Hippocrates, ap- 
plied to the science of medicine. Cliantbers. # 

H1TPODAME*, hip'-pc-dame. n. s. [kr-oirdraf/os ] 
A sea-horse. Spenser. 

HFPPODROME*, hip'-p6-dr6me. n. s. [I-™ f and 
6o6jios : ] A course for chariot and horse races, or 
exercises. Sir T. Herbert. 

HPPPOGR1FF, hip'-prj-grif. n. s. [tens and yptty.] 
A winged horse. Milton. 

HIPPOPO'TAMUS, hip-p6-p6t'-a-mus. n. s. [i™* 
and ttotouos.] The river horse. An animal found 

HFPSHOT.'hip'-sbot. a. [hip and shot.] Sprained or 

dislocated in the hip. L 'Estrange. 
HPPWORT, hfp'-wurl. n. s. A plant. Ainsworth. 
HIR*. [hy pa, Sax.] In our old language, is their. 
To HIRE §, hire. v. a. [Ivy pan, Sax.] To procure any 

thing for temporary use at a certain price. Dryden. 

To engage a man to temporary sen ice for wage?. 

Jsaiali, xlvi. To bribe. Dryden. To engage for 

pay. 1 Sam. ii. To let; to set for a time at a ce:-> 

lain price, 





HIS 




HOA 




O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat , 


— me, met ; 


—pine, pin ;— 



HIRE, hire. n. s. [hype, Sax.] Reward or recom- 

Eense paid for the use of any thing. Wages paid 
»r service. Spenser. 
HFRELESS*, hlre'-les. a. Without nire ; not re- 
warded Davenant. 
HFRELING, hlreMlng. n. s. One who serves for 
wages. Sandys. A mercenary ; a prostitute. 
Pope. 
HFRELING, hlreMlng. a. Serving for hire ; venal. 

Dryden. 
HFRER, hire'-ur. 98. n. s. One who uses any thing, 
paying a recompense ; one who employs others, 
paying wages. [In Scotland.] One who keeps small 
horses to let. 
HIRST*. See Hurst. 

HIRSU'TE§, her-sute'. a. [hirsutus, Lat.] Rough; 
rugged ; shaggy. Bacon. Of coarse manners ; of 
rough behaviour. Life of A. Wood. 
HIRSU'TENESS*, her-sute'-nes. n. s. Hairiness. 

Burton. 
HIS, hlz. pronoun possessive, [hyr, Sax. i. e. he's.] 
The masculine possessive. Belonging to him that 
was before mentioned. Locke. Anciently, its. 
Shak. It is sometimes, but rarely, used as a sign 
of the genitive case : as, the man his ground, for tlie 
man's ground. Donne. Pope. 
HFSPID*, hls'-pld. a. [hispidus, Lat.] Rough. 

More. 
TbHISSS, hiss. v.n. [hissm, Dutch.] To utter a 
noise like that of a serpent and some other animals. 
Nor can it be pronounced without making the noise 
which it signifies. Ezek. xxvii. To condemn at a 
publick exhibition, by hissing. Sandys. 
To HISS, hiss. v. a. [hiycan, Sax.] To condemn by 
hissing ; to explode. Ecclus. xxii. To procure hisses 
or disgrace. Shakspeare. 
HISS, hiss. n.s. The voice of a serpent, and of some 
other animals. Milton. Censure; expression of 
contempt used in theatres. Milton. 
HFSSING*, hls'-slng. n. s. The noise of a serpent, 
&.c. Wisdom, xvh. An object of hisses or dis- 
grace. Jerem. xviii. 
HFSSINGLY*, hls'-slng-le. ad. With whistling 

sound. Shenvood. 
HIST, h?st. inter/, [probably from whist, be silent ; 
whist, huist, hist.] An exclamation commanding si- 
lence. Milton. 
HISTO'RIAL*, his-t^-re-al. a. Our elder word for 

historical. Chaucer. 
HISTO'RIAN, hls-nV-re-an.Tj.s. [historicus, Lat.] A 
writer of facts and events ; a writer of history. 
Milton. 
HISTORICAL $. hls-t&r'-lk-al. )a. Containing or 
HISTO'RICK^hls-tdr'-rlk. 509. $ giving an ac- 
count of facts and events. Spenser. Pertaining to 
history or narrative. Prior. 
HISTORICALLY, hls-t&r'-lk-al-le. ad. In the man- 
ner of history ; by way of narration. Hooker. 
III'STORIED*, his'-to-rR a. Recorded in history ; 

containing history. 
HISTO'RIER*, Ms-uV-ri-ar. ?i. s. An old word for 

an historian. Martin. 
To HISTO'RIFY, hls-t(V-e-f i. v. a. To relate ; to 

record in history. Sidney. 
HISTORIOGRAPHER, hls-t6-re-6g / -ra-f&r. n. s. 
[Ivropia and ypi<pw.] An historian ; a writer of his- 
tory. Spenser. 
HISTORIOGRAPHY, h?s-t6-r£-6g/-ra-fe. 518. n. s. 

The art or employment of an historian. 
HISTORIO'LOGY*, his-t6-re-6l / -6-je. n.s. \}<T T o ? ia 
and \6yos.] Knowledge of history ; explanation of 
history. Cockeram. 
HFSTORY^.hls'-tur-e. 557. n.s. [laropia.] A nar- 
ration of events and facts delivered with dignity. 
Pope. Narration ; relation. Wiseman. The knowl- 
edge of facts and events. Watts. 
HISTORY Piece, hls'-t&r-e-peese. rt, s. A picture 

representing some memorable event, Pope. 
HFSTRIONP, hls'-tre-on. n.s. [histrio, Lat.] A 

player. Cockeram. 
HISTRIONICAL, hls-tre-on'-e-kal. ) a. Befitting 
HISTRIONICK, hls-tre-6nMk, 509. ] the stage; 



suitable to a player ; becoming a buffoon ; theatri- 
cal. B. Jonson, ' 
HISTRIONICALLY, hls-tre-&n'-e-kal-e. ad. The- 
atrically ; in the manner of a buffoon. 
HFSTRlONISM*, hlsMre-6n-lzm. n. s. Theatrical 

or feigned representation. Brown. 
To HIT§, hit. v. a. [hitle, Dan.] To strike ; to touch 
with a blow. Sidney. To touch the mark ; not to 
miss. Sidney. To attain; to reach; not to fail. 
Locke. To suit; to be conformable to. Milton. 
To strike ; to touch properly. Dryden. — To hit off. 
To strike out ; to fix or determine luckily. Temple. 
To hit out. To perform by good luck. Spenser. 
To HIT, hit. v. n. To clash ; to collide. Locke. To 
chance luckily ; to succeed by accident ; not to 
miss. Shak. To succeed; not to miscarry. Ba- 
con. To light on. Bacon. To agree; to suit. 
W^terland. 
HH 1 , hit. n. s. A stroke. Sliak. A chance ; a fortu- 

lous event. Glanville. A lucky chance. Shak. 
To HITCH §, hltsh. v.n. [hie^an, hicftan, Sax.] 
To become entangled, or hooked together. South: 
To be caught ; to fall into ; to be hooked in. Pope. 
Spoken of horses : to hit the legs together in going. 
Scott. To hop on one leg. Grose. To move, or 
walk. Grose. 
HITCH*, hltsh. n. s. A catch ; any thing that holds ; 

an impediment. Ld. Chesterfield. 
To HFTCHEL. See Hatchel. 
HITHE, hiTHe. n. s. [hySe, Sax.] A small haven to 
land wares out of vessels or boats : as, Queenhithc, 
and Lambhithe, now Lambeth. 
I HFTHER§, hlxH'-ar. 98. ad. [hiSep.Sax.] To this 
place from some other. Spenser. — Hither and thith- 
er, to this place and that. To this end ; to this de- 
sign. Hooker. 
HI'THER, h'lTH'-ur. a. superl. hiiliermost. Nearer ; 

towards this part. Milton. 
HI'THERMOST, hrnF-fir-mdst. a. Nearest on this 

side. Hale. 

HFTHERTO, hlTK'-ur-too. ad. To this time ; yet. 

Dryden. In any time till now. Spenser. At every 

time till now. Hooker. 

HFTHERW ARD, hl-TH'-fir-ward. ) ad. [hy gep- 

HFTHERWARDS, hlTH'-ur-wardz. ^ pepb, Sax.] 

This way ; towards this place. Shakspeare. 
HIVE §, hive. n.s. [hype, Sax.] The habitation or 
artificial receptacle of bees. Shak. The bees in- 
habiting a hive. Shak. A company being togeth- 
er. Swift. 
To HIVE, hive. v. a. To put into hives ; to harbour. 

Dryden. To contain, as in hives. Cleavcland. 
To HIVE, hive. v.n. To take shelter together ; to re- 
side collectively. Shakspeare. 
HFVER, hlve'-or. 98. n. s. One who puts bees in 

hives. Mortimer. 
To HIZZ*, hlz. v. n. To hiss. Shakspeare. 
HFZZING*, InV-zlng. n. s. A hissing or hiss. May. 
HO §, hb. interj. [eho, Lat.] A call ; a sudden excla- 
mation to give notice of approach, or any thing 
else ; a command to stop ; cease ; give over : 
enough. Holingshed. Ruth, iv. Isaiah, lv. 
HO*, h6. n'.s. Stop; bound; limit. Harvey. 
To HO*, h6. v. n. To call out. 
HOA,h6. interj. [from ho.] A sudden exclamation to 

give notice. Shakspeare. 
HO'ANE*. See Hone. 

HOAR§, hire. a. [hap, Sax.] White. Spenser. Gray 
with age. Pope. White with frost. Thomson. 
Mouldy; musty. Spenser. 
HOAR*, h6re. n. s. Antiquity ; hoariness. Burke. 
To HOAR*, h6re. v. n. To become mouldy or musty. 

Romeo and Juliet. 

HOAR-FROST, hore'-frost. n. s. The congelations 

of dew in frosty mornings on the grass. Exod. xvi. 

HOARDS, h6rde. n. s. [Iiopb, Sax] A store laid up 

in secret; a hidden stock; a treasure. Sliak- 

speare. 

To HOARD, horde, v. n. To mane hoards ; to lay 

up store. Spenser. 
To HOARD, horde, v. a. To lay in hoards ; to hus- 
band privily ; to store secretly. Shakspeare. 
468 



HOC 



HOG 



— 116, move, ndr, not $— tube, t6b, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ; — f/iin, Tiiis. 



HO ARDER, h6rd'-fir. 98. n. s. [hopbene, Sax.] 

One that stores up in secret. Wotton. 
HQ'ARED* h6re'-ed. a. [from /uw/\] Mouldy 3 mus- 

Sr. Jasfc. ix. 5. Mattlmo's Transl. 
ARHOUND, h6re'-hfiund.«.s. A plant. Hill. 
HO AR1NESS, ho'-re-nes. w. s. [from /wary.] The 
state of being whitish ; the colour of old men's hair. 
Dryden. Mouldiness. Barret. 
HOARSE §, horse, a. [har», Sax.] Having- the voice 
rough, as with a cold; having- a rough sound. 
Shakspeare. 
HOARSELY, horse'-le. ad. With a rough, harsh 

voice. More. 
HOARSENESS, horse'-nes. n.s. Roughness of 

voice. Holder. 
HO 'ARY§, ho'-re. a. [hari, hajiun£, Sax.] White; 
whitish. Job, xli. White or gray with age. Spen- 
ser. While with frost. Shakspeare. Mouldy ; mos- 
sy ; rusty. Knolles. 

HO'AST*, hi'-ast. n. 5. A cough. See Haust. 

HOAX§*, hoks. n.s. [hucye, or hucx, Sax. or per- 
haps from the cant word hocus.] An imposition ; a 
deception. 
To HOAX, hoks. v. a. To deceive ; to impose upon. 

HOB*, hob. n.s A clown. [hube, formerly hobe, 
Germ.] A fairy ; a spirit. 

HOB or Nob*. "See Hobnoe. 

HO'BBARD-DE-HOY*, hob'-bard-de-hoe/. «. s. [or 
hobbledehoy and hobbety-hoy.] A stripling ; a young 
Jad between fourteen and twenty-one ; neither man 
nor boy. Tusser. 

HO'BBfSM*, hob'-blzm. n. s. The opinions of the 
skeptical Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Skelton. 

HO BBIST*, hob'-bist. n. s. A follower of the opin- 
ions of Hobbes. Dr. Warton. 

TbHO BBLE§,h6b'-bl. v.n. [hoppen, hobben, Teut.] 
To walk lamely or awkwardly upon one leg more 
than the other ; to hitch. Dryden. To move rough- 
ly or unevenly. Dryden. 

To HO'BBLE*, h&b'-bl. v. a. To perplex; to em- 
ban-ass. I 

HOBBLE, hob'-bl. n. s. Uneven, awkward gait. 
Swift. A difficulty. [hobbel, Fland. a knot.] To 
get into a hobble. 

HOBBLER, nob'-bl-ur. n.s. [Iwbeler, old Fr.] A 
kind of horse-soldier. Davies. 

HO BBL1NGLY, hob'-bling-le. ad. Clumsily; awk- 
wardly ; with a halting gait. 

HO'BBY, h6b / -be. n. s. [hobereau, Fr.] A species of 
hawk. Bacon. An Irish or Scottish horse; a pacing | 
horse ; a nag. [hoppe, Goth.] Daries. A stick on j 
which boys get astride ar.d ride. Prior. In collo- 1 
quial language, that which is the favourite object j 
or pursuit of a person. 

HO'BBY-HORSE*, hob'-be-h&rse. n.s. A stick on 
which boys get astride and ride. Glunville. A 
character m the old May-games. Douce. A stupid 
or foolish person. Shakspeare. The favourite ob- 
ject or pursuit of a person. Ferriar. 

HOBGOBLIN, hob-g&b'-lhi. n.s. [hob, the goblin, 
i.e. Robin Goodfefiow.] A fairy; vulgarly, a 
frightful one. Shakspeare. 

HO'BIT, ho'-blt. n. s. A small mortar to shoot little 
bombs. 

HO'BLIKE*, h&b'-llke. a. Clownish ; boorish. Cot- 
grave. 

HOBNAIL?, hob'-nale. n.s. [hobby and nail.'] A 
nail used in shoeing a hobby or little horse. Shale. 
A clownish person, in contempt. Milton. 

HO'BNAILED, hob'-nal'd. a. Set with hobnails. 
Dryden. 

HO'BNOB, h&h'-ndb'. ad. [habban and naebban, 
Sax.] A familiar call to reciprocal drinking. S/iak- 
sjteare. See Habnab. 

HO BOY*, ho'-b6e. n. s. A wind instrument. See 
Hautboy. 

HO'BSON'S CHOICE*, k&b'-s&nz-tshd?se. An ex- 
pression denoting that kind of choice in which there I 
is no alternative. I 

HOCK§, hok. n. s. fho^, hoh, Sax.] The joint be- 1 
tween the knee and the fetlock. 

To HOCK, hok. v. a. To disable in the hock. 



HOCK, 1.6k. 
HO'CKAMORE, h&k'-a-m6r 



n.s. [from Hockheim 
on the Maine.] Old, 
strong Rhenish wine. Hudihras. Floi/er. 

HOCKEY*, or HA'WKEY*, lmw'-ke. n.s. [hock 
Germ, heach, Sax.] A name for harvest home. 
Brand. 

HO'CKHERB, h&k'-Grb. n.s. A plant; the same 

with mallows. Aimieorth. 
To HO CKLE, hok'-kl. 405. v. a. [from hock.] To 
hamstring. Hanmer. To mow. Mason. 

HdCUSTOCUS, ho'-kQs-po'-k&s. [from Oclats 
Bochus, a magician and demon of the northern 
mythology.] A juggler. Turner. A juggle ; a 
cheat ; the words formerly used by conjurors in 
practising- their tricks. Hudibras. 
To HOCUS*, or To HOCUS-POCUS*. To cheat 
V Estrange. 

HOD §. hod. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of hoved, or 
heaved.] A kind of trough in which a labourer car- 
ries mortar to the masons. Tusser. 

HODDY-DODDY*, hod'-de-dod'-de. n.s. An awk- 
ward, foolish, or ridiculous person. B. Jonson. 

HODGE-PODGE, hodje'-p&dje. n. s. [hochepot. 
quasi hachis en pot, Fr.j A medley of ingredients 
boiled together. Bacon. A commixture of lands. 
See Hotchpot. 

HODIERNAL, hd-de-eV-nal. a. [hodiemus, Lat.] 
Of to-dav. 

HODMAN, hcid'-man. 88. n.s. A labourer that car 
ries morlar. 

HO'DMANDOD, hdd'-man-dod. n. s. A fish. Bacon 
A shell-snail. 

HOE §, h6. n. s. [hone, Fr.] An instrument to cut np 
the earth. Mortimer. 

To HOE, ho. v. a. To cut or dig with a hoe. Mortimer. 

HO'FUL?*, ho'-ful. a. [hopull, Sax.] Careful. Sta- 
ple'. on. Ob. T. 

HO'FLLLY*, ho'-ful-fe. ad. Carefully. Slapkton. 

HOG §, h6g. n. s. [hooch, Welsh.] 1'he general name 
of swine. Shak. A castrated boar. — To bring hogs 
to a fine market. To fail of one's design. Spectator. 
[In naval language.] A sort of flat scrubbing bi 00m. 

To HOG*, hog. v. a. To hog a ship, is to scrape the 
filth from the ship's bottom, with the kind of broom 
called a hog. To carry on the back. Grose. To 
cut the hair short, like the bristles of a hog. 

HO'GCOTE, hog'-k&t. n. s. A house for hogs; a 
hogstv. Mortimer. 

HO'GGEREL, hog'-grll. 99. n. s. A two year old 
ewe. Ains-wortJi. 

HO'GGET*, hog'-get. n. s. [hogetz, Norm. Fr.} A 
sheep of two years old. Skinner. A hog-colt; a 
colt of a year old. Grose. 

HO'GGISH, hog'-gish. a. Having the qualities of a 
hog; brutish; selfish. Sidney. 

HO'GGISHLY, hog'-gish-le. ad. Greedily j selfishly. 
Gascoi°-7)/?. 

HO'GGISHNESS, hog'-gish-nes. n.s. Brutality ; 
greediness; selfishness. 

HOGH, ho. n.s. A hill ; rising ground ; a cliff. Spen- 
ser. Ob. J. 

HO'GHERD, h&g'-herd. n. s. [hog and hypb, a 
keeper.] A keeper of hogs. Brown. 

HO'GO*, hb'-gb. n. s. [corrupted from hant gou'.J 
High flavour ; strong scent. Griffith. 

HQ'G RINGER*. hog'-ring-Gr. n. s. One whose bu 
siness it is tofastt-i rings in the snout of a hog. 

HO'GSBEANS, h&gz'-benz. ) 

HO'GSBREAD^&gz'-bred. f 

HO'GSFENNEL. hogz'-fen-nel. ( n ' s - 

HO'GSMUSHROOMS, h&gz'-mush-roomz. ) 
Plants. Ainsworth. 

HOGSHEAD, hogz'-hed. n.s. [ogshood, Dutch.] A 
measure of liquids, containing sixty-three gallons, 
Arbnthnot. Any large barrel. Bacon. 

tgjr This word is sometimes pronounced as if written 
hog-xhed: if Dr. Johnson's derivation of this word from 
hog and head be a true one, this pronunciation is cer- 
tainly wrong, and arises from the junction of the letters 
5 and A, in printing, which may be presumed to have 
occasioned a similar mispronunciation in household 
and falsehood, which see. Junius derives this word 
from tiie Belgick ockshood. ogshood, or hockshoot. Min- 
469 



HOL 



HOL 



OCT 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat}— me, met;— pine, p?n ;— 



shew, says Skinner, derives it from ockshood and ogs- 
hood; but he himself is of opinion, that it rather 
comes from the Latin nrca, a great sea-fish, an enemy 
to the whale, and the Belgick hoofd, as much as to say, 
ortfs hoofd ; that is, orccs caput, an ork's head. W. 

HOGSHEARING*, hog'-sheer-lng. n.s. [Itog and 
slwar.] A ludicrous term, denoting much ado about 
nothing. Dean Martin. 

HO'GSTEER*, hog'-steer. n. s. \Jiog and steer; 
yteop, Sax.] A wild boar of three years old. 
Cockeram. 

HO'GSTY, hdg'-stl. n. s. The place in which swine 
are shut to be led. ^wift. 

HOGWASH, hog-..6sh. n.s. The draff which is 
given to swine. ArbutJinot. 

HOTDENS, hoe'-d'n. 103. n.s. [Jieyde, TeuL] An 
awkward, rude, ill-behaved man. Milton. An ill- 
taught, awkward, country girl. Swinburne. 

HOIDEN*, hoe'-di!. a. Rustick ; inelegant ; un- 
taught. Young. 

To HO'IDEN", hde'-d'n. v.n. To romp indecently. 
Swift. 

To HOISE §, hdese. \ v. a. [liausser, Fr.] To raise 

To HOIST$ , hoist. S up on high. SJiakspeare. 

HOIST*, h6ist. n. s. A lift ; the act of raising up. 
Gayton. 

To HOIT -5*, h6it. v. n. [hauta, Icel.] To leap} to ca- 

Ser. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
ITY-TOITY*, hi'-te-ti'-te. a. [from To lioit.] 
Thoughtless} giddy : used also as an interjection of 
surprise. Congreve. 
HOLD, hold, in the old glossaries, is mentioned in the 
same sense with ivotd, i. e. a governour, or chief 
officer } but, in some other places, for love, as hold- 
iic, lovely. Gibson. 
To HOLDS, hold. v. a. preter. held; part. pass, held, 
or li&lden. [healban, Sax.] To grasp in the hand } 
to gripe ; to clutch. Gen. xxi. To connect. Exod. 
xxxvi. To keep ; to retain ; to gripe fast. Spenser. 
To maintain as an opinion. Rev. ii. To consider} 
to regard. Sliak. To think of; to judge with re- 
gard to praise or blame. Philipp. ii. To receive 
and keep in a vessel. Milton. To contain ; to re- 
ceive into its capacity : as, a hogshead holds sixty- 
three gallons. To keep; not to spill. Jer. ii. To 
keep; to hinder from escape. Milton. To keep 
from spoil ; to defend. B'lilton. To keep from loss. 
Milton. To have any station. Milton. To possess; 
to have. Knolles. To possess in subordination. 
Milton. To suspend ; to refrain. Bacon. To stop ; 
to restrain. DenJiam. To fix to any condition. Shak. 
To keep ; to save. Shale. To confine to a certain 
stale. 2 Esdr. xiii. To detain ; to keep in subjec- 
tion. Acts, ii. To retain ; to continue. Dry den. To 
practise with continuance. Milton. Not to inter- 
mil. Milton. To solemnize ; to celebrate. Shak. 
To conserve ; not to infringe. Numbers, xxx. To 
manage ; to handle intellectually. Bacon. To main- 
tain. 1 Mace. vi. To carry on conjunctively. St. 
Matt. xii. To prosecute ; to continue. Abbot. — To 
hold forth. To offer ; to exhibit ; to propose. Tem- 
ple. To protend; to put forward to view. Cheyne. 
To hold in. To restrain. Hooker. To hold' off-'. 
To keep at a distance. SJiak. To hold an. To 
continue; to protract; to push forward. Knolles. 
To liold out. To extend ; to stretch forth. Esth. v. 
To offer ; to propose. B. Jonson. To continue to 
do or suffer. Shak. To hold up. To raise aloft. 
Locke. To sustain; to support by influence or 
contrivance. Sidney. To keep from falling ; ma- 
terially. Boyle. 
To HOLD, hold. v.n. To stand ; to be right ; to be 
without exception. Hooker. To continue unbrok- 
en, or unsubdued. SJuik. To last; to endure. Ba- 
con. To continue without variation. Milton. To 
refrain. Dryden. To stand up for ; to adhere. 
Wisd. ii. To be dependent on. Sidney. To de- 
rive right. Dryden. To maintain an opinion. Locke. 
— To hold forth. To harangue ; to speak in publick. 
L' Estrange. To hold in. To restrain one's self. 
Jer. vi. To continue in luck. Swift. To hold off. 
To keep at a distance, without closing with offers. 



Decay of Piety. To hold on. To continue; not 
to be interrupted. Swift. To proceed. L'Estrange. 
To hold out. To last ; to endure. Bacon. Not to 
yield; not to be subdued. Knolles. To hold to- 
gether. To be joined. Dryden. To remain in 
union. Locke. To hold up. To support himself. 
Tillotson. Not to be foul weather. Hudibras. To . 
continue the same speed. Collier. To hold with. 
To adhere to; to co-operate with. Daniel. 
HOLD has the appearance of an interjection ; but is 
the imperative mood. Forbear ; stop ; be still. Shak- 
speare. 
HOLD, hold. n. s. The act of seizing ; gripe ; grasp ; 
seizure. Spenser. Something to be held ; support. 
Bacon. Power of keeping. Milton.. Catch ; pow- 
er of seizing. Shak. Prison ; place of custody. 
Hooker. Custody. SJiak. Power ; influence. Dry- 
den. — Hold of a sJiip. All that part which lies be- 
tween the keelson, and the lower deck. [Iiol, Su. 
Goth.] Dryden. A lurking place. A fortified 
place ; a fort. Spenser. 
HO'LDBACK*, h6ld'-bak. n.s. Let; hinderance. 

Hammond. 
HO'LDER, hol'-dur. 98. n. s. One that holds, or 
gripes any thing in his hand. Drayton. One that 
keeps back, or restrains, with in. Sliencood. One 
that supports, with up. SJierwood. A tenant; one 
that holds land under another. Carew. A posses- 
sor of any thing; as, a Jiolder of stock. 
HOLDERFO'RTH, h6l-dpr-f6rt/i'. n.s. An ha- 

ranguer; one who speaks in publick. Hudibras. 
HO'LTJFAST, hold'-fast. n.s. Any thing which takes 
hold; a catch; a hook. Ray. Support; hold. Moun- 
tagu. 
HO LDING, hold'-ing. n. s. Tenure ; farm. Carew. 
Hold ; influence. Burke. The burden or chorus of 
a song. Shakspeare. 
HO'LDSTER*. See Holster. 
HOLES, hole. n.s. [hoi, Sax.] A cavity, narrow, 
and long, either perpendicular, or horizontal. Wil- 
kpis. A perforation ; a small interstitial vacuity 
Boyle. A cave ; a hollow place. Shak. A cell of 
an animal. Addison. A mean habitation. Dryden. 
Some subterfuge or shift. AinswortJi. — Arm-liole. 
The cavity under the shoulder. Bacon. To take 
down a hole. To let fall. Lilly. 
HOLE*, h6le. a. Whole 

To HOLE*, ho-le. v. n. 'l^ go into a hole. B. Jonson. 
To HOLE*, h6le. v. a. [hohan, Sax.] To form a 

hole ; to excavate. 
HO'UDAM, hol'-e-dam. n.s. See Haltdom. An 

ancient oath. Shakspeare. 
HQ'LIDAY*. see Holyday. 
HO'LILY, ho'-le-le. ad. Piously ; with sanctity. Shak. 

Inviolablv; without breach. Sidney. 
HO'LINESS, ho'-le-nes. n. s. Sanctity; piety ; reli- 
gious goodness. Bacon. The stale of being hal- 
lowed; dedication to religion. The title of the 
pope. Addison. 
HO'LLA§, hol-16'. inter/. [Jw-la, Fr.] A word used 

in calling to any one at a distance. SJiakspeare. 
To HO'LLA, hol-kV. v.n. [This is now vitiously 
written hollo; sometimes Jialloo; but more frequent- 
ly hallow.'} To cry out loudly. Shakspeare. 
HO'LLA*. hol-!6'. or hol'-lo. n.s. A shout, [ahlopan, 
Sax.] Milton.. The word of command to a horse 
to stop. SJiakspeare. 
HO'LLAND, hol'-land. 88. n. s. Fine linen made in 

Holland. Dryden. 
HOLLANDER*, holMand-ur. n.s. A man of Hol- 
land. SJiakspeare. 
HOLLANDS*, hol'-lands. A kind of cant term for 
gin ; much of that liquor being brought into this 
countrv from Holland. 
HO'LLEN*, hol'-len. n.s. [hole^n, Sax.] The holly. 
HO'LLOWS, hol'-lo. 327. a. [hoi, Sax.] Excavated; 
having a void space within ; not solid. Shak. Light; 
loose. Spenser. Noisy, like sound reverberated 
from a cavity. SJiak. Not faithful ; not sound ; not 
what one appears. Bacon. 
HO'LLOW-EYED*, hol'-lo-lde. a. Having the 
eyes sunk in the head. Skelton. 
470 



HOM 



HOM 



-n6, move, nAr, not ;— tube, tab, bull; — fill;— pdand;— tlrin, THis. 



HOLLOW-HEARTED, h&l'-16-hart-ed. a. [hollow 
tndfuart.] Dishonest ; insincere. Howell. 

HOLLOW, hoi -lo. n.s. Cavity ; concavity, Bacon. 
Cavern; den; hole. Shak. Pit. Addison. Any 
opening or vacuity. Gen. xxii. Passage; canal. 
Addison. 

To HOLLOW, h6l'-l6. u. a. To make hollow ; to 
excavate. Dryden, 

7"o HOLLOW. hol'-l6. v.n. [ahlo r an, Sax.] To 
shout ; to hoot. Dryden. See To Hol. a. 

HOLLOWLY. hoM6-le. ad. With cavities. Un- 
faithfully; insincerely; dishonestly. Shakspeare. 

HO LLOWNESS, h&lM6-nes. n.s. Cavity; state of 
being hollow. Bacon. Deceit; insincerity; treach- 
ery. South. 

HOLLOWROOT, hoF-li-roOt. n.s. A plant. Ains- 

IIO LLY, hol'-le. n.s. [holeyn, Sax.] A tree. Miller. 

HO LLYHOCK, hol'-le-hok. n. s. Rosemallow. 
Miller. 

HOLLYROSE, ho!'-le-r6ze. \n. s. Plants. Ains- 

110 LLYTREE. hSl'-le-tre. \ worth. 

HOLM, h6lm. n.s. A river-island; an islet; also 
hilly : [holm, Sax.] Vaillant. The ilex ; the ever- 
green oak. Spenser. 

HO'LOCAUST, h6l'-6-kawst. n. s. [b\os and K atu).] 
A burnt sacrifice. Brown. 

HO LOGRAPH. hoF-6-graf. n. s. [b\os and ypa^u.] 
[In the Scottish law.] A deed written altogether 
by the grantor's own hand. 

HOLP, holp. The old preterit and participle passive 
.of help. Shakspeare. 

HO'LPEN, h6l'-p'n. 103. The old preterit and par- 
ticiple passive of help. St. Luke, i. 

HO'LSTER, hoi'-star. 98. n. s. [heol r tep, Sax.] 
A case for a horseman's pistol. Butler. 

HOLT, holt. n. s. [hole, Sax.] A wood; a grove; a 
forest. Chaucer. A hill. Turberville. 

HO'LYl, ho'-le. a. [halij, Sax.] Good; pious; re- 
ligious. Shak. Hallowed; consecrated to divine 
use. [hal$a, Sax.] Dryden. Pure; immaculate. 
South. Sacred. Sliakspeare. 

HOLY-CROSS Day*, n. s. The fourteenth of Sep- 
tember. 

HOLY-GHOST, hi'-le-ge-st. n. s. [hali£ and £ar-t, 
Sax.] The third person of the adorable Trinity. 
Locke. 

HOLY'-ONE§*, hd'-le-wfin. n.s. [holy and one.'] 
One of the appellations of the Supreme Being, by 
way of emphasis : applied also to God the Son. 
Isaiah, xliii. St. Luke, iv. One separated to the 
service of God. Deut. xxxiii. 

HOLY-ROOD Day* n. s. The old festival, called 
also Holy-Cross day ; instituted on account of the 
recovery of a large piece of the cross, by the em- 
perour Heraclius, after it had been taken away, on 
the plundering of Jerusalem, about the year of 
Christ, 615; the fourteenth day of September. 
Brand. 

HOLY-THURSDAY, ho'-le-tfiurz'-de. n. s. The 
day on which the ascension of our Saviour is com- 
memorated, ten days before Whitsuntide. 

HO'LY r -WEEK, h6Me-week. n.s. The week before 
Easter. 

HO'LYDAY, hoF-e-da. n. 5. The day of some eccle- 
siastical festival. Wheailey. Anniversary feast. 
Knolles. A day of gayety and joy. Rotce. A 
dav of rest from ordinary occupation. Lord Chester- 
field. 

HO'LYDAY*, hol'-e-da. a. Befitting a holyday ; gay ; 

cheerful. Knight. Occurring seldom. Dryden. 
HOMAGE ihom'-aje. 90. n.s. [hommage.tr.; ho- 
m'tgium, low Lat.] Service paid, and fealty profes- 
sed to a sovereign, or supenour lord. Shak. Obei- 
sance; respect paid by external action. Denham. 
To HOMAGE, honV-aje. ». a. To reverence by 
external action ; to pay honour to ; to profess fealty. 
HO MAGEABLE*, hom'-aje-a-bl. a. Subject to 

homage. Howell. 
HO'MAGER, hom'-a-jar. 98. n. s. [hommager, Fr.] 
One who holds by homage of a superiour lord. 
Bacon 



HOME $, home, n.s. [ham, Sax.] His own house; 

the private dwelling. Temple. His own country 

Shak. The place of constant residei.ee. Prior 

Home, united to a substantive, signifies domestick, 

or ufthe same country. Bacon. 
HOME, home, ad. To one's own habitation. Locke. 

To one's own country. Gay. Close to one's own 

breast or affairs. Addison. To the point designed; 

closely. Sidney. United to a substantive, it implies 

force and efficacy. Dryden. 
HO'MEBORN, h6me'-bdrn. a. [home and born.'] 

Native; natural. Donne. Domestick ; not foreign 

Pope. 
HO'MEBRED, home'-bred. a. [home and bred.] Na 

tive ; natural. Hammond. Not polished by travel ; 

plain; rude; artless; uncultivated. Dryden. Do 

mestick ; not foreign. Spenser. 
HOMEFELT, home'-ielt. a. [horn* and felt.] In 

ward ; private. Milton. 
HO'MEKEEPING*, home -keep-lng. a. [home and 

keep.] Staying at home. Snakspeare. 
HOMELESS*, home'-les. a. Wanting a home. 
HO MELILY', home'-le-le. ad. Rudely ; inelegantly 
HOMELINESS, hbme'-le-nes. n. s. Plainness 

rudeness ; coarseness. Bp. Hall. 
HOMELY, home'-le. a. [from home.] Plain; home 

spun ; not elegant; not beautiful ; not fine ; coarse 

rude. Sidney. 
HOMELY, home'-le. ad. Plainly ; coarsely ; rudely. 

B. Jonson. 
HO'MELYN, home'-lln. n. s. A kind of fish. Ains 

worth. 
HOMEMADE, home'-made. a. Made at home. 

Locke. 
HOMER, ho'-mflr. 98. n. s. A Hebrew measure of 

about three pints. Lev. xxvii. 
HOMESPEAKING*, hbme'-speek-lng. n. s. Forci- 
ble and efficacious speech. Milton. 
HO'MESPUN, h6me'-spun. a. Spun, or wrought ai 

home; not made by regular manufacturers, (swift. 

Not made in foreign countries. Addison. Plain ; 

coarse ; rude ; homely ; inelegant. Sandys. 
HO'MESPUN, h6me'-spun. n. s. A coarse, inele- 
gant, rude, untaught, rustick man. Shak. Ob. J. 
HO'MESTALL, h6me y -stall. ) 406. n. s. [ham and 
HOMESTEAD, home'-sted. $ rtebe, Sax.] The 

place of the house; including sometimes a small 

Sortion of land adjoining. Bp. Hall. 
''MEWARD, hime'-ward. 88. (ad. [ham and 

HOMEWARDS, home'-wardz. \ peapb, Sax.] 
Towards home ; towards the native place. Sidney. 

HO'MICIDE §, hom'-e-slde. n. s. [homicidium, Lat.] 
Murder ; manquelling. Hooker. Destruction. Dry- 
den. [homicida, Lat.] A murderer ; a manslayer. 
Shakspeare. 

HOMICIDAL, hom-e-sl'-dal. a. Murderous; blood)'. 
Pope. 

HOMILETICAL, hom-e-let'-ik-al. a. [VXi,™fc.] 
Social ; conversable. Alterbury. 

HOMILIST*, hom'-e-llst. n. s. One who preaches 
to a congregation. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HO'MILY §, hom'-e-le. n. s. [b r i\ia.] A discourse 
read to a congregation. Hooker. 

HOM OEOME' RIAL h6-me-6-me'-re-a. n. *. A 
likeness of parts. 

Q^= This was the name given to the system of the an- 
cient Greek philosopher, Anaxagoras ; who supposed 
that the elements were full of small particles of blood, 
bones, leaves, &c, from which the growth of plants and 
animals was derived. TV. 

HOMOGE'NEAL$ f h6-m6-je'-ne-a1. )a. [buoye- 
HOMOGE'NEOUS §, h6-m6-je/-ne-us. \ vfc] Hav- 
ing the same nature or principles ; suitable to each 
other. Bacon. 

§Cr For the true pronunciation of the g in these words-, 
see Heterogeneous. W. 

HOMOGE'NEALNESS, h6-m6-je'-nc-a]-nes. ) 
HOMOGENEITY, h6-m6-je-ne'-e-te. 
HOMOGE'NEOUSNESS, hc-mA-je'-ne-fls-nes. > 

n. s. Participation of the same principles or nature; 

similitude of kind. Arbvthnot. 
471 



HON 



HOO 



[£? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pm 



HO'MOGENY, ho-m&d'-je-ne. 518. ». s. [h^oyevia.] 

Joint nature. Bacon. 
HOMOLOGOUS, h6-m6l / -6-gOs. a. [bpdXoyos.] 
Having the same manner br proportions. Bp. 
Berkeley. 
HOMONYMOUS, ho-m&n'-e-mfis. a. [tyuii™.] 
Denominating- different things; equivocal. Watts. 
HOMONYMY, h6-mon'-e-me. 518. n. s. Equivoca- 
tion ; ambiguity. She/ ford. 
HOMOTONOUS, h6-mc7-l6-nus. 518. a. [hydros.] 
Equable : said of such distempers as keep a con- 
stant tenour of rise, state, and declension. Qtiincij. 

HONE §, hone. n. s. [haen, Sax.] A whetstone. Tusser. 
To HONE, h6ne. v. a. [hon£ian 7 Sax.] To pine; to 
long for any thing. Burton. 

HONEST $, on'-nest. 394. a. [honestus, Lat.] Up- 
right; true; sincere. Shak. Chaste. Shak. Just; 
righteous; giving to every man his due. Tate. 
Creditable; honourable. Chaucer. Well-looking ; 
jolly ; open. Dryden. — Honest fellow. A jovial 
companion. Toiler. 

To HONEST*, on'-nest. v. a. [honesto, Lat.] To 
adorn ; to grace ; to credit. Abp. Sandys. 

To HO'NESTATE*, on'-nes-tate. v. a. To honour. 
Cockeram. Ob. T. 

HONEST A'TION* on-nes-ia'-shun. n.s. Adorn- 
ment ; grace. W. Mountagu. 

HONESTLY, dn'-ngst-le. ad. Uprightly ; justly. 
B. Jonson. With chastity ; modestly. 

HONESTY, on'-nes-te. n.s. [honestas, Lat.] Jus- 
tice ; truth ; virtue ; purity. Shakspeare. Honour ; 
credit. Ascham. Frankness; liberality. Shak. 

HONEY$,hun / -ne.l65.«.s. [hum$,Sax.] A thick, 
viscous, fluid substance, of a whitish or yellowish 
colour, sweet to the taste, soluble in water, and 
becoming - vinous on fermentation, inflammable, 
iiquable by a gentle heat, and of a fragrant smell ; 
the elaborate produce of bees. Hill. Sweetness ; 
lusciousness. Shak. Sweet; sweetness; a name 
of tenderness. Shakspeare. 

To HO NEY, hun'-ne. v. n. To talk fondly. Shak. 

HONEY-BAG, hun'-ne-bag. n.s. The stomach of 
the bee. Grew. 

HONEY-COMB, hun'-ne-kome. n. s. The cells of 
wax in which the bee stores her honey. Dryden. 

HONEY-COMBED, lnV-ne-k6md. a. Flawed with 
little cavities. Wiseman. 

HONEY-DEW, hfin'-ne-du. n. s. Sweet dew. Mor- 
timer. 

HONEY-FLOWER, hfin'-ne-flSu-ur. n.s. A plant 
Mller. 

HONEY-GNAT, hun'-ne-nat. n.s. An insect. Aim 
ivorth. 

HONEY-HARVEST*, hun'-ne-har'-vest. n. s. Hon- 
ev collected. Dryden. 

HONEY-MOON, hun'-ne-mSon. n.s. The first 
month after marriage, when there is nothing but 
tenderness and pleasure. Addison. 

HONEY-MONTH*, hfin'-ne-muntfi.n. s. The honey- 
moon. Tatler. 

HONEY-MOUTHED*, hun'-ne-mouTHd. a. Flat- 
tering ; using honied words. Shakspeare. 

HONEY-STALK*, h&n'-ne-stawk.n. s. Clover-flow- 
er. Johnson. 

HONEY-SUCKLE, hun'-nc-sfik-kl. n. s. Woodbine; 
the plant. Miller. The flower or blossom of the 
woodbine. Shakspeare. 

HONEY-SWEET*, hun'-ne-sweet. a. Sweet as 
honey. Chaucer. 

HONEY-TONGUED*, hun'-ne-t&ngd. a. Using 
soft speech. Shakspeare. 

HONEY-WORT, hfin'-ne-wurt. n. s. A plant. 

HO'NEYLESS, hfin'-ne-les. a. Being without 
honey. Shakspeare. 

HONIED, hun'-nld. 283. a. Covered with honey. 
Milton. Sweet ; luscious. Shakspeare. 

HONIEDNESS* hun'-n?d-nes. n. s. Sweetness; 
allurement. Cotgrave. 

HONORARY, on'-nur-a-re. 557. a. [Iwnorarius, 
Lat.] Done in honour ; made in honour. Addison. 
Conferring honour without gain. Addison. 

HONOUR $, dn'-nur. 394. n. s. [honor, old Fr. and] 



Lat.] Dignity; high rank. Numb. xxii. Reputa- 
tion ; fame. Bacon. The title of a man of rank. 
Shak. Subject of praise. Sluzk. Nobleness of 
mind ; magnanimity. Rogers. Reverence ; due 
veneration. Rogers. Chastity. Shak. Dignity of 
mien. Milton. Glory; boast. Burnet. Publiek 
mark of respect. Dryden. Privileges of rank or 
birth. Wotton. Civilities paid. Pope. Ornament ; 
decoration. Dryden. Seigniory ; lordship. Lord. 
ClarentL.i. — Honour, or on my honour, is a form 
of protestation used by the lords injudicial de 
cisions. 

To HO'NOUR, on'-nur. 314. v. a. [honoro, Lat.] 
To reverence ; to regard with veneration. Esther, 
xvi. To dignity ; to raise to greatness. Shakspeare 
To glorify. Ex. xiv. 

HONOURABLE, on'-nur-a-bl. a. Illustrious ; no- 
ble. Isaiah, xxiii. Great; magnanimous; gener- 
ous. Shak. Conferring honour. Shak. Accom- 
panied with tokens of honour. Spenser. Not to be 
disgraced. Shak. Free from taint ; free from re- 
proach. 1 Mace. xiv. Honest ; without intention 
of deceit. Hayward. Equitable. 

HONOURABLENESS, on'-nfir-a-bl-nes. n. s. Em- 
inence ; magnificence ; generosity. Bp. Hall. 

HONOURABLY, on'-n&r-a-ble. ad. With tokens 
of honour. Shak. Magnanimously; generously. 
Bacon. Reputably; with exemption from reproach. 
Dryden. 

HONOURER, on'-mir-rur. 98. n. s. One that hon- 
ours; one that regards with veneration. Pope. 

HONOURLESS*, on'-nur-lls. a. Without honour: 
not honoured. Warburton. 

HOOD §, hud. 307. n. s. [hab, Sax. heit, Germ, heid, 
Dutch.] Quality ; character; condition : as, knigld- 
hood; childlwod ; fatherhood. Sometimes it is writ- 
ten after the Dutch, as maidenhead. Sometimes it is 
taken collectively : as, brotherhood, a confraternity. 

HOOD, hud. n. s. [hob, Sax.] The upper cover- 
ing' of a woman's head. Isaiah, iii. Any thing 
drawn upon the head, and wrapping round it. Wot- 
ton. A covering put over the hawk's eyes, when 
he is not to fly. An ornamental fold that hangs 
down the back of a graduate, to mark his degree. 
Constit. and Canons Eccl. 

To HOOD, hud. v. a. To dress in a hood. Brevint. 
To disguise, as in a hood. Mir. for Mag. To blind, 
as witn a hood. Shak. To cover. Dryden. To 

gut the covering on the head of a hawk. Fanshawe. 
'ODMAN Blind, hud'-man-blind'. n. s. A play, 
in which the person hooded is to catch another, 
and tell the name ; blindman's buff. Shakspeare. 

To HOODWINK, hud'-wink. v. a. [hood and 
wink.] To blind with something bound over the 
eyes. Sidney. To cover ; to hide. Shak. To de- 
ceive; to impose upon. Sidney. 

HOOF$,h66f. o06.7i. s. [hop, Sax.] The hard, horny 
substance on the feet of graminivorous animals. 
Ezek. xxvi. 

HOOF-BOUND, h6oP-bound. a. A pain in the fore- 
feet of a horse, occasioned by the dryness and con- 
traction or narrowness of the horn of the quarters, 
which straitens the quarters of the heels, and often- 
times makes the horse lame. Farrier's Diet. 

To HOOF*, h66f. v. n. To walk ; to move by lc> 
surely steps: applied to cattle. W. Scott. 

HOOFED, h66f-ed. a. Furnished with hoofs. Grew 

HOOK § , h66k. 306. [huk, Perry and Jones.] n . 
[hoce, hooc, Sax.] Any thing bent so as to eaten 
hold. Knolles. The curvatedwire on which the bait 
is hung for fishes, and with which the fish is pierced. 
Spenser. A snare ; a trap. Shak. An iron to seize 
the meat in the caldron. Spenser. A sickle to reap 
corn. Mortimer. Any instrument to cut or lop with. 
Pope. The part of the hinge fixed to the post. 
Cleaveland. Hook. [In husbandry.] A field sowa 
two years running. Ainsworth. — Hook or crook. 
One way or other; by an\ expedient. Hook is the 
same as crook, and the original meaning was, either 
in one form or the other. Abp. Cranmer. Milton. 

To HOOK, h66k. v. a. To catch with a hootf. Ad- 
dison. To entrap ; to ensnare. To draw as with 
472 



HOP 



HOR 



— 116. nftve, ndr, nftt;— tube, tub, bfill ;— 611 ;— p6und ;—th\n, THis. 



a hook. Shed-. To fasten as with a hook. To draw 
by force or artifice. Norris. 
7VHOOK, hddk. v. n. To bend ; to have a curva- 
ture. Sir T. Herbert. 

HOO KED.hddk'-ed.366.a.P>ent; curvatcd. Brown. 
Furnished with hooks Milton. 

HO'OKEDNESS, h66k'-ed-nes. n. s. State ofbeing 
beat like a hook. 

HO OKER*. hook'-flr. w. 5. That which catches as 
with a hook. A vessel built like a pink, but rigged 
and masted like a hov. Chambers. 

HOOKNOSED, h66k-ndz ? d'. a. Having the nose 
aquiline, rising in the middle. Shakspeare. 

HOOKY*, hfiok'-e. a. Full of hooks. Huloet. Per- 
taining to a hook. Huloet. 

HOOP f. hoop. 306. [hup, Perry.'] n. s. [hoep, Dutch.] 
Any thing circular by which something else is bound, 
particularly casks or barrels. Sliak. The whale- 1 
bone with which women extend their petticoats ; a 
farthingale. Swift. Anv thing circular. Addison. 

To HOOP, hoop, v.a. To bind or enclose with 
hoops. Sluik. To encircle ; to clasp ; to surround. 
Shakspeare. 

To HOOP$, ho6p. i'.n. [from wopgan or icopyan, 
Goth, or houper, Fr.] To shout ; to make an out- 
cry by way of call or pursuit. Chaucer. See To 
Whoop. 

To HOOP. hoop. r. a. To drive with a shout. Shak. 
To call by a shout. 

HOOP*, h"66p. i. s. A shout. Bp. Parker. A meas- 
ure, containing a peck, or a quarter of a strike. 
Grose. The bird called hoopoo. Ray. 

HOOPER, hoop'-dr. 98. n.s. A cooper; one that 
hoops tubs. Martin. 

HOOPING-COUGH, hSo-pmg-kof. n. s. [from hoop, 
to shout.] A convulsive cough, so called from its 
noise. 

HOOPOO*, hoo'-poS. n. s. [upupa, Lat.] A bird, 
called also the hoop, of the class of piece. Rav. 

To HOOT, hoot. 306. r. n. [hid. Welsh.] To shout 
in contempt. Sidney. To cry as an owl. Shak. 
To shout in mirth, in good spirits. Dryden. 

To HOOT, hoot. v.a. To drive with noise and 
shouts. Shakspeare. 

HOOT. h66t. n. s. Clamour; shout ; noise. Glanvillc. 

HO OTING*, ho6t'-?ng. n. s. A shout. Colgrave. 

To HOPt, hop. v. n. [noppan, Sax.] To dance : the 
primary sense. Chaucer. To jump; to skip lightly. 
Shak. To leap on one leg. Abbot. To walk lame- 
ly, or with one leg less nimble than the other; to 
limp. Dryden. To move; to play. Spenser. 

To HOP, hop. v.a. To impregnate with hops. Mor- 
timer. 

HOP, hop. n. s. A dance. A jump; a light leap. A 
jump on one leg. Addison. 

HOP §. hop. n.s. [hop. Dutch.] A plant. Miller. 

HOP-BIND*, hop -bind. n.s. [hop and bind.] The 
stem of the hop. Blacksione. 

HOP-GARDEN*, hop'-gar-d'n. n. s. A ground 
planted with hops. 

HOP-OAST*, hbp'-Oste. n. s. [hop and probably 
ustus. Lat.] In Kent, a Kim for drying hops. 

HOP-PICKER*, hop'-p?k-Qr. n. s. '[hop and pick.] 
A person who carefully gathers the ripe hops. 
Brand. 

HOP-POLE, h6p'-p6le. n. s. The pole which sup- 
ports the hop. 

HOP-YARD*, hop'-yard. n. s. [hop and yard.] 
Ground in which hops are planted. B. Jonson. 

HOPE§, hope. n.s. [hopa, Sax.] Expectation of 
some, good ; an expectation indulged with pleasure. 
Locke. Confidence in a future event, or in the 
future conduct of any person. 2 Mace. vii. That 
which gives hope. Sliakspeare. 

HOPE, hope. n. s. Any sloping plain between the 

ridges of mountains. Ainsworth. 
To HOPE, hApe. v. n. To live in expectation of 
some good. Bp. Taylor. To place confidence in 
another. Psalm xxxi. 
To HOPE, h6pe. 0. a. To expect with desire. Heb. xi. 

HOPEFUL, hope'-fal. a. Full of qualities which 
produce hope; promising; likely to obtain suc- 
60 



cess. Bacon. Full of hope ; full of expectation ol 

success. Hooker. 
HO'PEFULLY, hipe'-f&l-e. ad. In such a manner 

as to raise hope. Wotton. With hope; without 

despair. Glunrille. 
HOPEFULNESS, hope'-ful-nes. n. s. Promise of 

§ood ; likelihood to succeed. Wotton. 
■TELESS, _ hApe'-les. a. Wanting hope; ba.ng 
without pleasing expectation ; despairing. Hooker 
Giving no hope; promising nothing plaasing. 
Shakspeare. 

HO'PELESSLY*, hopeMes-le. ad. Without hope. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HO'PER, h6'-p&r. 98. n.s. One that has pleasing 
expectations. Swift. 

HO'PINGLY, hb'-pW-le. ad. With hope; with ex- 
pec.jtion of good. Hammond. 

HOPPER, hop' -pur. 98. n. s. [hoppepe, Sax.] One 
who hops or jumps on one leg. Tyrxchitt. 

HOPPER, hop' -par. n.s. [so called because it is 
always Jwp])ing, or in agitation.] The box or open 
frame of wood into which the corn is put to be 
ground. Grew. A basket for carrying seed. Aim- 
worth . 

HOPPERS, hop'-purz. n.s. [commonly called 
Scotch hoppers.] A kind of play in which the actor 
hops on one leg. 

HO'PPING*, hop'-ping. n. s. A dance ; a meeting 
of persons intending to dance. Brand. 

HOPSCOTCH*, hop'-skotsh. n.s. A game. Sett 
Hoppers. 

HO'RAL §, ho' ral. a. [hora, Lat.] Relating to the 
hour. Prior. 

HO RALLY* ho'-ral-le. ad. Hourly. Cockeram. 

HORARY, ho'-ra-re. a. [horarius, Lat.] Relating 
to an hour. Hudibras. Continuing for an hour. 
Brown. 

HORDE, horde, n.s. [A Tartarian term.] A clan ; 
a migratory crew of people. Purchas. 

HORE*. orHOORE*, h66r, or hire. n.s. [hop, 
Sax.] Our old and proper word for whore. 

HORl'ZON§. hA-ri'-zon. 503. n.s. [6pc£wv.] The 
line that terminates the view. The horizon is dis- 
tinguished into sensible and real : the sensible ho- 
rizon is the circular line which limits the view ; the 
real is that which would bound it, if it could take 
in the hemisphere. Bacon. 

95= This word was, till of late years, universally pro- 
nounced, in prose, with the accent on the first syllable ; 
and Shakspeare, says Dr. Johnson, has improperly 
placed it so in verse : 

" When the morning sun shall raise his car 

"Above the borders of this horizon, 

" We'll forward towards Warwick and his mates." 

With respect to the propriety of this pronunciation, it 
may be observed, that there is scarcely any tiling more 
agreeable to the genuine analogy of English orthoepy, 
than placing the accent on the first syllable of a trisyl- 
labic, when the middle syllabic does not end with a con- 
sonant, 503. But another rule almost as constantly 
counteracts this analogy: when the word is perfectly 
Latin or Greek, and the accent is on the penultimate, 
then we generally follow the accentuation of those lan- 
guages. Poets have so universally placed the accent 
on the second syllable of this word, and this pronuncia- 
tion has so classical an air, as to render the other ac- 
centuation vulgar. W. 

HORIZONTAL, h&r-e-zon'-tal. a. Near the hori- 
zon. Milton. Parallel to the horizon; on a level. 
Brown. 

HORIZONTALLY, hor-e-zon'-tal-e. ad. In a di- 
rection parallel to the horizon. Brown. 

HORN §, horn. n.s. [haurn, Goth, hopn, Sax.] The 
hard bodies which grow on the heads of some 
graminivorous quadrupeds, and serve them for 
weapons. Bacon. An instrument of wind musick. 
first made of horns, afterwards of metal. Spenser. 
The extremity of the waxing or waning moon. 
Dryden. The feelers of a snail. SlwJc. A drink- 
ing cup made of or shaped like a horn. Mason. A 
winding stream. Dryden. Antler of a cuckold 
Shak. — Horn mad. Perhaps mad as a cuckold 
Shakspeare. 

473 



HOR 



HOR 



ffT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pJn;- 



To HORN*, horn, v. a. To cornute ; to bestow horns 

upon. B. Jonson. 
HORNBE'AK, hSrn'-beek. ) n. s. A kind of fish. 

HORNFFSH, hArn'-fish. \ Ainsworth. 
HORNBEAM, horn'-beme. n. s. [horn and boem, 
Dutch.] A tree that has leaves like the elm or 
beech tree : the timber very tough and inflexible. 
Miller. 

HO'RNBLOWER* hcW-bl6-ur. n. *. One who 
blows a horn. 

HO'RNBOOK, hSri^-book. n. s. The first book of 
children, covered with horn to keep it unsoiled. 
Locke. 

HO'RNED. hSr'-neU a. Furnished with horns. 
Spenser. Shaped like a horn or crescent. Milton. 

HO'RNEDNESS*, hfir'-ned-ngs. n.s. Appearance 
resembling a horn. Brand. 

HO'RNER, hSr'-nfir. 98. n. s. One that works in 
horn, and sells horns. Grew. A winder of a horn. 
Sherwood. 

HO'RNET, hoV-nel. 99. n.s. [hypnette, Sax.] A 
very large, strong, stinging fly, which makes its 
nest in hollow trees. Derham. 

HO'RNFOOT, hSrn'-fut. a. [horn and foot.] Hoofed. 
Halcewill. 

HO'RNING*, hSrn'-lng. n. s. Appearance of the 
moon increasing. Gregory. 

To HO RNIFY*, hor'-ne-fi. v. a. To bestow horns 
upon. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

HO'RNISH*, hSrnMsh. a. Somewhat resembling 
horn ; hard. Sir 31. Sanrlys. 

HORNLESS*, hSrn'-les. a. [hopnleav, Sax.] Hav- 
ing no horns. Transl. of Boccalini. 

HO'RNOWL, horn'-cul. n. s. A kind of owl. Ains- 
worth. 

HO'RNPIPE, horn'-plpe. n. s. [horn and pipe.] A 
kind of dance, supposed to have been adopted from 
the dances performed to a Welsh instrument called 
the pib-com, i. e. the horn-pipe. Speiiser. A wind, 
instrument; a kind of pipe. Toiler. 

HORNSHAVINGS*, hdrn'-sha-vmgz. n. s. pi. 
[horn and shave.] The scrapings or raspings of the 
horns of deer. B. Jonson. 

HORNSPOON* hdm'-spoon. n. s. A spoon made of 
horn. B. Jonson. 

HO'RNSTONE, hcW-stAne. n.s. A kind of blue 
stone. Ainswortli. 

HO'RNWORK, hdrn'-wfirk. n. s. [hyjin, Sax.] A 
kind of angular fortification. Ld. Chesterfield. 

HO'RNY, hAr'-ne. a. Made of horn. Resembling 
horn. Milton. Hard as horn; callous. Dryden. 
Consisting of horns. Gay. 

HORO GRAPHY, ho-rog'-gra-fe.olS. n.s. [<!> 9 a and 
ypa$a>.] An account of the hours. 

HOROLOGE, h6r'-6-lodje. ) n. s. [horologium, 

HO'ROLOGY, ho-r&l'-o-je. 518. \ Lat.] Any in- 
strument that tells the hour ; as, a clock ; a watch. 
Shakspeare. 

HOROLOGIO'GRAPHY*, h6-rol-6-je-og^-ra2fe. 
n. s. [wpoAoyi'ov and ypd^w.] An account of instru- 
ments that tell the hours ; also, the art of con- 
structing dials. 

HOROLOGIOGRA'PHICK*, hi-rol-o-je-o-graf- 
lk. a. Pertaining to the art of dialling. Chambers. 

HORO METRY, ho-r&nV-e-tre. 518. n. s. [&oa and 
Ixeto£u>.~] The art of measuring hours. Brown. 

HOROSCOPE, h&r'-ro-skope. n. s. [<I>p<knc 7ro?.] The 
configuration of the planets at the hour of birth. 
Drummond. 

HO'RRENT, hdr'-rent. a. [horrens, Lat.] Pointed 
outwards ; bristled with points. Milton. 

HO'RRTBLE§, h&r'-re-bl. 160. a. [horribilis, Lat.] 
Dreadful ; terrible ; shocking ; hideous ; enormous. 
Bacon. 

Q5= Tli is word is often pronounced so as to confound the 
i with w, as if written horruble ; but this must be avoid- 
ed as coarse and vulgar. W. 

HO'RRIBLENESS, hor'-re-bl-nes. n. s. Dreadful- 
ness ; hideousness ; terribleness ; fearfulness. Abp. 
Cranmer. 

HO'RRIBLY, hor'-re-ble. ad. Dreadfully ; hideous- 
ly. Milton. To a dreadful degree. Locke. 



HO'RRID^, hcV-rid. a. [horridus, Lat.] Hideous; 
dreadful ; shocking. Shak. Shocking ; offensive ; 
unpleasing. Pope. Rough ; rugged. Dryden. 
Gloomv. Milton. 

HORRIDLY*, hor'-rld-le. ad. Terrifically; shock- 
ingly. Shalcspeare. 

HO'RRIDNESS, h&r'-rld-nes. n. s. Hideousness; 
enormity. Hammond. 

HORRI'FICK, hdr-rifMk. 509. a. [horrifcus, Lat.] 
Causing horrour. Thomson. 

HORRFSONOUS, h6r-ris'-sd-nfis. a. [horrisorms, 
Lat.] Sounding dreadfully. Did. 

HO RROUR, hor'-rur. 314. n. s. [horror. Lat.] 
Tcrrour mixed with detestation. Milton. Dread- 
ful thoughts. Shak. Gloom ; dreariness. Milton. 
A sense of shuddering or shrinking. Bacon. 

HORSE §, horse, n.s. [hop]*, Sax.] A neighing 
quadruped, used in war, and draught, and carriage. 
Locke. A constellation. Creech. — To take horse. 
To set out to ride. Addison. — It is used in the 
plural sense, but with a singular termination, for 
horses, horsemen, or cavalry. Bucon. Something 
on which any thing is supported : as, a horse to 
dry linen on. A wooden machine which soldiers 
ride by way of punishment. — As fine as a horse. A 
phrase applied to a person tawdrily dressed. Gent. 
Mag. (1754.) — Joined to another substantive, it 
signifies something large or coarse ; as, a horse- 
face, a face of which the features are large and 
indelicate. 
To HORSE, h6rse. v. a. To mount upon a horse. 
Sidney. To carry on the back. Butler. To ride 
any thing. Shale. To cover a mare. Mortimer. 
To HORSE*, h6rse. v. n. To get on horseback. Shel- 
ter. 

PIO'RSEBACK, hSrs'-bak. n. s. [horse and back.] 
Riding posture ; the state of being on a horse. 
Shakspeare. 

KO'RSEBEAN, hdrs'-bene. n. s. A small bean usu- 
ally given to horses. Mortimer. 

HO'RSEBLOCK, hors'-bl&k. n.s. A block on which 
thev climb to a horse. 

HO'RSEBOAT, hdrs'-bote. n. s. A boat used in 
ferrying horses. 

HO'RSEBOY, hdrs-'-boe. n. s. A boy employed in 
dressing horses; a stableboy. Knolles. 

HO'RSEBREAKER, hfirs'-bra-kfir. n.s. [horse and 
break.] One whose employment it is to tame horses 
to the saddle. Creech. 

HORSECHE'SNUT, hors'-tshgs-nut. n. s. A tree 
Miller. 

HORSECOURSER, hdrs'-k6r-sur. n. s. [horse and 
courser.] One that runs horses, or keeps horses for 
the race. A dealer in horses. Wiseman. 

HO'RSECRAB, hdrs'-krib. n. s. A kind of fish 
Ainsworth. 

PIORSECU'CUMBER, h6rs-k6u'-kum-bur. [See 
Cucumber.] A plant. Mortimer. 

HO'RSEDRENCH*, hflrs'-drensh. n. s. Physick for 
a horse. Shakspeare. 

HO'RSEDUNG, hdrs'-dfing. n. s. [horse and dung.] 
The excrements of-orses. Peacham. 

HORSEE'MMET, hSrs'-em-met. n. s. [horse and 
emmet.] Ant of a large kind. 

HO'RSEFACE, hdrsMase. n. s. A face of which the 
features are large and indelicate. 

HORSEFLESH, hSrs'-flesh. n. s. The flesh of 
horses. Bacon. 

HO'RSEFLY, hors'-fll. n. s. A fly that stings 
horses. 

HO'RSEFOOT, hors'-f&t. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
ivorth. 

HO'RSEGUARDS*, horse'-gyards. n. s. pi. [horse 
and guard.] Regiments of horse of the King'? 
Guard; as the Life-Guards were formerly called, 
and as now the Oxford Blues are. 

HORSEHAIR, hfirs'-hare. n. s. The hair of horses 
Dryden. 

HORSEHEEL, hSrs'-heel. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 

HOUSEKEEPER* hors'-keep-fir. n. s. One em- 
ployed to take care of horses. Burton. 
474 



HOR 



HOS 



-n6, move, n6r, not ;— tuhe. tub. bill ;— 6ll j— pound ; — tfun, this. 



HORSEKNAVE* hdrs'-nave. n. s. [horse and 

knave . a servant.] A groom. Goicer. 
HORSELAUGH, hdrs'-laf. n.s. A loud, violent, 

rude laugh. Pope. 
HORSELEECH, hSrs'-leetsh. n.s. A great leech 
that bites horses. Prov. xxx. A farrier. Ains- 
irorth. 
HO RSELITTER, hors'-lit-tftr. n. s. [horse and 
litter.] A carriage hung upon poles between two 
horses, in which the person carried lies along. 2 
JLicc. be. 
IICRSELOAD*, hdrs'-lode. n. s. [horse and load.] 

As much as a horse can carry* Milton. 
HO RSELY*, hors'-le. a. Applied to a horse, as 

im-nlii is to a man. Chancer. 
HORSEMAN, hdrs'-man. 88. n. s. One skilled in rid- 
ing. Dryden. One that serves in wars on horseback. 
Hay ward. A rider; a man on horseback. Addison. 

HORSEMANSHIP, hdrs'-man-ship. n. s. The art 
of riding ; the art of managing a horse. Sliak. 

HO'RSEMARTEN, horse'-mar-ten. n.s. A kind of 
large bee. Ainsworth. 

HO'RSEMATCH, hdrs'-matsh. n. s. A bird. Ains- 
worth. 
HO RSEMEAT, hors'-mete. n. s. [horse and meat.] 
Provender. Bacon. 

HO RSEMILL*, hors'-mfll. n. s. A mill turned by a 

Lorse. Barret. 
HORSEMILLINER*. hors'-mn'-lm-ur. n. s. [horse 
and mi/liner.] One who supplies ribands, or other 
decorations, for horses. Pegge. 

HO RSEMLNT, hdrs'-mhit.,«. s. A large, coarse 
mint. 

HO RSEMUSCLE, hSrs'-mfis-sl. 405. n. s. A large 
muscle. Bacon. 

HO'RSEPLAY, hors'-pla. n. s. Coaase, rough play. 
Dryden. 

HO'RSEPOND, h6rs'-pond. n. s. A pond for horses, j 

HO'RSERACE, hdrs'-rase. n. s. [horse and race.] A ' 
match of horses in running. Bacon. 

HORSERA'DISH, hfirse'-rad-ish. n. s. A root acrid 
and biting. A species of scurvygrass. Mortimer. 

HO'RSESHOE, hors'-shSo. n.s. [horse and shoe.] 
A plate of iron nailed to the feet of horses. Shak. 
An herb. Ainsworth. 

HO RSESHOEHEAD*, hSrs'-shoo-hgd. n. s. A 
disease in infants, in which the sutures of the skull 
are too open ; the opposite to lieadmouldslwt. 

HORSESTEALER, WW-ste-lur. n. s. A thief who 
steals horses. SJwkspcarc. 

HO RSETAIL. hSrs'-tale. n. s. A plant. 

HO'RSETONGUE, h6rsMung. n. s. An herb. Aim- 
worth. 

HORSEWAY, h6rs'-wa. n. s. A broad way by 
which horses may travel. ShaJcspeare. 

HO RSEWHIP*, hors'-hwlp. n. s. A whip to strike 
a horse with. Graves. 

To HO'RSEWHIP*, hSrs'-hwip. v. a. To strike or 
lash with a horsewhip. 

HORTA'TIOM, hor-ta'-sh&n. n.s. [hortalio, Lat.] 
The act of exhorting ; a hortatory precept ; advice 
or encouragement to something. 

HO'RTATIVE, h6r'-ta-tiv. n. s. [Jwrtor, Lat.] Ex- 
hortation 5 precept by which one incites or ani- 
mates. Bacon. 

HO'RTATIVE*, hSr'-ta-tfv. a. Encouraging; hor- 
tatorv. Bullokar. 

HO'RTATORY, hSr'-ta-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. Encouraging; animating; advising to 
anv thing. Udall. 

HORTE'NSIAL*, hor-ten'-shal. a. [lwrtensis, Lat.] 
Fit for a garden. Evelyn. 

HORTICULTURAL*, h5r-te-kuK-tshu.-ral. a. Re- 
lating to the cultivation of gardens. 

HORTICULTURES, hor'-te-kfil-tshure. n.s. [hor- 
tus and cultura, Lat.] The art of cultivating gar- 
dens. Evelyn. 

HORTICULTURIST*, hor-te-kul'-tshu-r?st. n. s. 
One who is skilful in the art of cultivating gardens. 

HO'RTULAN, hdr'-tshu-lan. 461. a. Belonging to a 
garden. Evelyn. 

PTORTUS SICC Z7S*,hcV-t&s-shV-kus. n.s. [Lat.] 



Literally, a dry garden ; a collection of specimens 
of plants dried and preserved. Johnson. 
HCVRTYARD*, h6r-te-yard. n. s. [onttfeajib, 
Sax.] A garden of fruit-trees; an orchard San- 

HOSA'NNA, ho-zan'-im. 92. n. s. [baawa.] A form 
of acclamation ; an exclamation of praise to God. 
Milton. 

HOSES, h6ze. n. s. plural, hosen. [hoy, hoya. Sax.] 
Breeches. Shak. Stockings; covering for mc 
legs. Shakspeare. 

HO'SIER, h^-zhfir. 283. n. s. One who sells stock- 
ings. Swift. 

HO'SPITABLE$, h6s'-pe-ta-bl. a. [hospitalis, Lat.] 
Giving entertainment to strangers ; kind to stran- 

gers. Shakspeare. 
'SPITABLENESS*, h6s / -pe-ta-bl-n6s. n. s. Dis- 
position to entertain strangers ; kindness to stran- 
gers. Bp. Hall. 
HOSPITABLY, hos'-pe-ta-ble. ad. With kindness 

to strangers. Prior. 
HO'SPITAGE*, hos'-pe-taje. n. s. [hospitimn, Lat.] 

Hospitalitv. Sjienser. 
HO'SPITALS, 6s'-pe-tal. 394. [hos'-pe-tal, Perry.] 
n. s. [riospitalis , Lat.] A place built for the reception 
of the sick, or support of the poor. Wotton. A place 
for shelter or entertainment. Spenser. 
HO'SPITAL* hos'-pe-tal. a. Piind to strangers; 

hospitable. Howell. Oh. T. 
HOSPITALITY, h&s-pe-tal'-e-te. n. s. The prac- 
tice of entertaining strangers. Hooker. 
HO'SPITALLER, h6s'-pu-al-lur. n. s. [hospilalier, 
Fr.] One of a religious community, whose office it 
was to relieve the poor, &c. Clmucer. A knight 
of a religious order; usually spoken of the knights 
of Malta. Fuller. 
To HOSPITATE, hos'-pe-tate. v. n. [hospitor, 
Lat.] To reside under the roof of another. Grew. 
To HOSPITATE*, hos'-pe-tate. v. a. To lodge a 

person. Cockemm. 
HOST §, host. n. s. [hoste, Fr. hospes, Lat.] One who 
gives entertainment to another. Sidney. The 
landlord of an inn. Shak. [hostis, Lat.] An army ; 
numbers assembled for war. Shak. Any great 
number. Shak. [hostia, Lat.] The sacrifice of the 
mass in the Romish church ; the consecrated wa 
fer. South. A cough. See Haust. 
To HOST, host. v. n. To take up entertainment. 
Shak. To encounter in battle. Milton. To re-, 
view a body of men ; to muster. 
To HOST*, host. v. a. To give entertainment to an- 
other. Spenser. 
HO'STAGE.hos'-taje. 90. n.s. [osbige, Fr.] One giv- 
en in pledge for security of performance of condi- 
tions. Bojcon. 
HO'STEL. ho-tel'. ) n. s. [hostel, hostelerie, 

HO'STELRY, h6'-tel-re. C Fr.] An inn. Chaucer. 
HO'STELER*. See Hostler. 
HO'STESS, host'-es. n. s. [hostesse, Fr.] A female 
host; a woman that gives entertainment. Shak. 
A woman that keeps a house of publick entertain- 
ment. Temple. 
HOSTESS-SHIP, host'-^s-shlp. n. s. The character 

of a hostess. Shakspeare. 
HO'STIE* hos-te. n. s. [Iwstia, Lat.] The conse- 
crated wafer. Bwnet. 
HOSTILE §, h6s'-tll. 140. a. [hostilis, Lat.] Adverse; 

opposite ; suitable to an enemy. Shakspeare. 
HO'STILELY*, hos'-tfl-ie. ad. In an adverse man- 
ner. 
HOSTILITY, hos-til'-e-te. n. s. [hostilite, Fr.] The 
practices of an open enemy ; open war ; opposition 
in war. Shakspeare. 
To HO'STILIZE*, hos'-te-llze. v. a. To make an 

enemy ; to render adverse. Seward. 
HO'STING*, hosting, n. s. An assemblage of 

armed men ; a muster. Spenser. 
HO STLESS* host'-les. a. [host and less.] Inhospi- 
table. Spenser. 
HO'STLER, os'-lur. 394, 472. n. s. [Iwsteller, from 
hostel.] One who has the care of horses at an inn. 
Spenser. 

475 



HOU 



HOU 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— plrie, pin ;— 



HO'STLERY*, h6'-tl-re. n. s. Another word for 

hostelry. 
HOSTRY. n. s. [hoste, Fr.] A lodging-house. 
Howell. A place where the horses of guests are 
kept. Dryden. 
HOT §, h6t. a. [hat, haet, Sax.] Having the power 
to excite the sense of heat ; contrary to cold ; fiery. 
Bacon. Lustful; lewd. Shaft. Violent; furious; 
dangerous. Bacon. Ardent; vehement; precipi- 
tate. Shak. Eager ; keen in desire. Locke. It is 
applied likewise to the desire; as, a hot pursuit. 
Dryden. Piquant ; acrid ; as, hot as mustard. 
HOT*. HOTE*. HOTEN*. pret. of the old verb kigM, 
both active and passive. Named. Spenser. Was 
named or called. Gower. 
HO TBED, hot'-bed. n. s. A bed of earth made hot 

by the fermentation of dung. Bacon. 
HOTBRATNED, hot'-brand. 359. a. [Iwt and brain.'] 

Violent ; vehement ; furious. Dryden. 
HOTCHPOT, hdtsh'-pot. )n. s. [liache en 

HOTCHPOTCH, hdlsh'-pdtsh. S poclie, Fr.l A 
mingled hash ; a mixture. Camden. [hotchpot, 
old Fr.] A commixture, or putting together, of 
lands of several tenures, for the equal division of 
them. Littleton. See Hodge-podge. 
HOTCO'CKLES, hot-kok'-klz. 405. n. s. [hautes 
coquilles, Fr.] A play in which one covers his eyes, 
and guesses who strikes him. Arbuthnot. 
HOTE'L*, h6-tel'. n.s. [Fr.] Formerly hostel : a 
lodging-house, for the accommodation of occasion- 
al lodgers, who are supplied with apartments hired 
for the night, or bv the week. 
HOTHEADED, hot' -hed-ed. a. [hot and head.] Ve- 
hement ; violent ; passionate. Arbuthnot. 
HOTHOUSE, h&t'-house. n.. s. A bagnio ; a place 
to sweat and cup in. Sliaft. A brothel. > B. Jonson. 
A place enclosed, and covered, and kept hot, for 
rearing tender plants, and ripening fruits. Mason. 
HOTLY, hot'-le. ad. With heat ; not coldly. Shak. 
Violently ; vehemently. Sidney. Lustfully. Dryd. 
HOTMOUTHED, hdV-md&THd. a. Headstrong; 

ungovernable. Dryden. 
HOTNESS, hot'-nes. n. s. Heat ; violence ; fury. 
HOTSPUR, hot'-spur. n. s. [hot and spur.] A 
man violent, passionate, precipitate, and heady. 
Shak. A kind of pea of speedy growth. Mortimer. 
HOTSPUR*, hot'-spfir. a. Violent; impetuous. Spen- 
ser. 
HOTSPURRED, hot'-spurd. 359. a. Vehement; 

rash ; heady. Peacham. 
HOTTENTOT*, hot'-tn-t&t. n. s. A savage in- 
habitant of the southern extremity of Africa. Ad- 
dison. 
HOTTENTOT Cherry. A plant. Chambers. 
HOUGHS, hok. 392. n.s. [ho??, Sax.] The joint of 
the hinder leg of a beast. 2 Esd. [hoile, Fr. houive. 
Dutch.] An adze ; a hoe. Siillinzjleet. 
To HOUGH, hok. 392. v. a. To hamstring ; to disa- 
ble by cutting the sinews of the ham. Josh. xi. To 
cut up with a hough or hoe. To hawk. Grew. 
HO'ULET. SeeHowLET. 
HOULT, h&lt. n.s. [holt, Sax.] A small wood. 

Fairfax. Ob. T. 
HOUND §, hound. 313. n.s. [hunb,Sax.] A dog used 
in the chase. At first it was the generical name for 
dogs. IVicliffe. Dryden. 
To HOUND, "hound, o. a. To set on the chase. Bp. 

Bramhall. To hunt ; to pursue. V Estrange. 
HOUNDFISH, hound'-fish. n.s. A kind "of fish. 

Ainsworth. 
HOUNDSTONGUE, hS&ndz'-tung. n.s. A plant. 

Miller. 
HOTJNDTREE, h6&nd'-tre. n.s. A kind of tree. 

Ainswoiih. 
HOUP, h&5p. n. s. [upupa, Lat.] The hoopoo. 
HOURS, 6Qr. 394, 313. n. s. [heure, Fr. Iwra, Lat.] 
The twenty -fourth part of a natural day ; the space 
of sixty minutes. Sliak. A particular time. Dry- 
den. The time as marked by the clock. Shaft. 
In the plural, the stated times of devotion in the 
Romish church. Bale. 
HO'URGLASS, dftr'-glis. n, s. A glass filled with 



sand, which, running through a narrow hole, marks 
the time. Sidney. Space of time. Bacon. 

HO'URHAND*, fl&r'-Mnd. n. s. That which per- 
forms the office of a hand in pointing out the hour 
of the day. Baxter. 

HO'URI*, hSu'-re. n.s. A Mahometan nymph of par- 
adise. Johnson. 

HO / URLY, dur'-te. a. Happening or done every 
hour ; frequent ; often repeated. Dryden. 

HOURLY, 6uy-le. ad. Every hour; frequently. 
Shakspeare. 

HO URPLATE, 6ur'-plate. n. s. The dial plate on 
which the hours pointed by the hand of a clock are 
inscribed. Locke. 

HO'USAGE* houz'-idje. n. s. [from house.} A fee 
paid for laying up goods in a house. Chambers. 

HOUSAL* hSu'-zal. a. Domestick. Cottrrave. 
Ob. T. 

HOUSED, house. 313. n.s. [hu r , Sax.] A place 
wherein a man lives; a place of human abode. 
Bacon. Any place of abode. Shak. Place in 
which religious or studious persons live in com- 
mon ; monastery ; college. Addison. The manner 
of living; the table. Swift. Station of a planet in 
the heavens, astrological!}- considered. Stilling-feet. 
Family of ancestors, descendants, and kindred ; 
race. St. Luke. The household ; the family dwell- 
ing in the house. Acts, x. A body of the parlia- 
ment ; the lords or commons collectively consider- 
ed. Kins; Charles. 

To HOUSE, hd&ze. 437. v. a. [hu r ian, Sax.] To 
harbour ; to admit to residence. Sidney. To shel- 
ter ; to keep under a roof. Bacon. To drive to 
shelter. Shaftspeare. 

To HOUSE, h6uze. v. n. To take shelter ; to keep 
abode ; to reside. Spensei: To have an astro- 
logical station in the heavens. Dryden. 

HOUSEBOAT* hSus'-bite. n.s. A boat with a 
covering in it, like a room. 

HOUSEBOTE*, hA&s'-bote. n. s. [house, and bote, 
Sax.] An allowance of necessary timber, out of the 
lord's wood, for the repair and support of a house 
or tenement. Cowel. And to burn in the house. 
Blackstone. 

HO USEBREAKER, h&us'-bra-kur. n. s. Burglar ; 
one who makes his way into houses to steal. jL'Es- 
trange. 

HOUSEBREAKING, hSus'-bra-klng. n. s. Burg- 
lary. Swift. 

HO'USEDOG, hS&s'-d&g. n.s. A mastiff kept to 
guard the house. Addison. 

HOUSEHOLD, h6us'-h6ld. n. s. [house and hold.] 
A family living together. Bacon. Family life ; 
domestick management. Shak. It is used in the 
manner of an adjective, to signify domestick; be- 
longing to the family. Acts, x. 

&5= This word is sometimes corruptly spelt without the 
final e in house ; and, hy the economy of typography, 
the 5 being joined to the h, the word is often corruptly 
pronounced as if written how-shvld. — See Falsehood 
and Hogshead. W. 

HOTJSEHOLD-BREAD*. h65s / -h6ld-bred. n. s. 
Bread not of the finest quality. 

HOUSEHOLDER, hdfis'-hol-dflr. n.s. Master of a 
family. St. 3Iatt. xxi. 

HOTJSEHOLDSTUFF, hous'-h6ld-stfif. n. s. [house- 
hold and stuff.] Furniture of a house ; utensils 
convenient for a family. Spenser. 

HOUSEKEEPER, hSiV-keep-ur. n. s. [house and 
keep.] Householder; master of a family. Locke. 
One who lives in plenty. Wotton. One who lives 
much at home. Shaft. A woman servant that has 
care of a family, and superintends the other maid 
servants. Swift. A housedog. Shakspeare. 

HOUSEKEEPING, h6us'-keep-ing. a [house and 
keep.] Domestick : useful to a family. Carew. 

HOUSEKEEPING, hdus'-keep-lng. n. s. Hospital 
ity ; liberal and plentiful table. Shakspeare. 

HO'USEL§,hdu'-zel. n.s. [hu r l. Sax.] The holy 
eucharist. Chaucer. 

ToHOUSEL, h6&'-zel. v. a. [hu r lian, Sax.] To 
give or receive the eucharist. Chaucer. 
476 



HOW 



HUD 



— n6, move, n6r, n6t;— tftbe, tab, brill;— 6?1;— pound;— //tin, mis. 



HOUSELAMB*, Ii6iV-lam. n. s. A lamb kept up, 

to be fatted in the house. 
JIO USELEEK, hdus'-lcek. n.s. [house and leek.] A 

plant. Miller. 

HOUSELESS, hftuz'-lSs. 467. a. Wanting abode ; 
wanting habitation. Shakspeare. 

HO'USEMAID, hdiV-made. n. s. A maid employed 
to keep the house clean. Swift. 

HO I SEPIGEON*. hdfis'-oid-jm. n.s. A tame 
pigeon. Grego/if. 

HOUSERAISER*, h6iV-ra-zur. n.s. One who 
builds or raises a house. Wotton. 

HO USEROOM, hous'-room. 467. n. s. [liouse and 
room.'] Place in a house. Dryden. 

HO I rSESNAIL, hfius'-snale. n. s. A kind of snail. 

HO'USEW ARMING, hous'-war-mlng. n.s. [house 
and warming.] A feast or merrymaking upon going 
into a new house. 

HO TSEWIFE, huz'-wff. 144, 515. n.s. [house and 
wife.] The mistress of a family. Spenser. A female 
economist. Spenser. One skilled in female busi- 
ness. Addison. A little case or bag, for articles of 
female work. Shelton. 

HO'USEWIFELY.hfiz'-wlf-le. a. Skilled in the acts 
becoming a housewife. Delany. 

HO USE WIFELY, hfiz'-wlf-le. ad. With the econo- 
my of a careful woman. Sherwood. 

HOUSEWIFERY, huz'-wlf-re. n.s. Domestick or 
female business ; management becoming the mis- 
tress of a family. Spenser. Female economy. Bp. 
Taylor. 

HOUSEWRIGHT*, hSus'-rhe. n.s. [house and 
icright.] An architect. Fotherby. 

HOUSING, h6u'-zmg. n.s. Quantity of inhabited 
building. Graunt. Any habitation. Bp. Hall, 
[luniseaux, Fr.] Cloth originally used to keep off 
dirt, now added to saddles as ornamental. Warton. 

HO'USLING, hdusMing. a. Sacramental, alluding 
to the marriages of antiquity ; " the housling fire/' 
i. e. sacramental fire, used in that sacrament of 
marriage^ Spenser. 

HOUSS, h6us. n.s. [1iouseaux,¥v.] Housing*. Dryd. 

HOVE, hdve. The preterit of heave, [hop, Sax.] 
Pez <re. 

To HOVE*. h6ve. v. n. [hofio, hovio, Welsh.] To 
hover about ; to halt ; to loiter. Gower. Ob. T. 

HOVEL $, hov'-il. 99. n.s. [diminutive of hope, 
Sax. house.] A shed open on the sides, and cover- 
ed overhead. Tusser. A mean habitation ; a cot- 
tage. Ray. 
To HOVEL, hov'-ll. v. a. To shelter in a hovel. 
Shakspeare. 

HO'VEN, hi'-vn. 103. part. pass, [from liea.ve.] Rais- 
ed ; swelled ; minified. Tusser. 
To HOVERS, h&v'-ur. 165. v. n. [hovio, Welsh, to 
han£ over.] To hang in the air over head, without 
flying off one way or other. Sliak. To stand in sus- 
pense or expectation. Spenser. To wander about 
one place. Addison. 

§Cr The first syllable of this word is pronounced by Mr. 
Sheridan. Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, so as to rhyme with 
the first of novel ; but Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Elphinston,and 
W. Johnston, make it rhyme with the first of cover ■ 
lover, &c. The last is, in my opinion, the most agree- 
able to polite usage. W. 

HOVER*, huv'-fir. n.s. A protection ; a shelter by 
hanging over. Carew. 

HOVER Ground*. Light ground. Ray. 

HOW§, h6fi. 223. ad [hu, Sax.] To what degree. 
Exod. x. In what manner. Shak. For what rea- 
son 5 from what cause. Sluik. For what price. 
Slwk. By what means. Bacon, In what s^ate. 
Gen. xfiv. It is used in a sense marking propor- 
tion or corresDondence. Job, iv. It is much used 
in exclamation ; as, How are the mighty fallen ! 2 
Sam. In an affirmative sense, not easily explain- 
eu ; that so it is ; that. Bacon. 

HOWBETT . hou-be'-it. ) ad. [how' he it.] Neverthe- 

HO'WBE, hou'-be. S ^ss. Spenser. Ob. J. 

HOWDY*, hSu'-de. n.s. A midwife. Grose. 

HOWDIfE, hd&'-de-ye. [contracted from How do 
ye?] In: what state is your health 1 Pope. 



HOWE'VER, h6u-eV-vdr. ad. [hmo and ever] In 
whatsoever manner ; in whatsoever degree. Slutk. 
At all events ; happen what will ; at least. Tillot- 
son. Nevertheless ; notwithstanding ; yet. Dryden 

HO'WITZ*, h6'-wftz. (n.s. A kind of mortal 

HOWITZER*, h6'-wh-zur. $ or cannon, of Ger- 
man invention. 

HOWKER*, hd&'-k&r. )n.s. [hulc, Sax.] A vessel 

HOOKER*, hdok'-or. $ so called, much used by 
the Dutch. Cliambers. 

To HOWL§, hdftl. 223. v. n. [huglen, Dutch s ululo, 
Lat.] To cry as a wolf or dog. Slutk. To utter 
cries in distress. Jer. xlviii. To speak with a bel 
luine cry or tone. Phillips. It is used poetically 
of many noises loud and horrid. 

HOWL, hdul. n. s. The cry of a wolf or dog. Sliak. 
The cry of a human being in horrour. Dryden. 

HO'WLET, hdu'-let. n. s. [hulotte, Fr.] The vulgar 
name for an owl. Bale. 

HOWLING*, h6uMing. n. s. The cry of a wolf or 
dog. Waller. The cry of one in distress. Amos, 
viii. Any loud or horrid noise. More. 

HOWSO*, hSu/-s6. ad. [abbreviation of howsoever. 1 
Although. Daniel. Ob. T. 

HOWSOE VER, h6u-s6-eV-v&r. ad. [how and soev- 
er.] In what manner soever. Raleigh. Althougn. 
Shakspeare. 

HOWVE*. The old word for a hood. 

To HOX, h&ks. v. a. [hoh, Sax.] To hough ; to ham- 
string. Shakspeare. 

HOY, hSe. 329. n. s. [lieu, Fr.] A large boat some- 
times with one deck. Spenser. 

HOY*, h6e. interj. [hu, huye, old Fr.] An exclama- 
tion sometimes used to encourage dogs; some- 
times in the sense of driving away, i.e. begone ; 
-and sometimes, like Iwlla, for stop, halt. Bp. 
Hall. 

HU'BBUB, hab'-bub. n. s. [a corruption of whoop and 
up.] A shout ; a shriek ; a loud or shrill noise. 
Spenser. A tumult ; a riot. Clarendon. 

HUBBUB-BOO*, hub'-bub-boS'. n. s. The cry or 
howling of the lower sort of Irish at funerals. Irish 
Hudibras. 

To UVCK§*, huk. v.n. [hucker, or hoecker, Teut.] 
To haggle in purchasing goods. Hales. 

HOCK ABACK, huk'-ka-Mk. n. s. A kind of coarse 
table-linen, having the weft alternately crossed, to 
produce an uneven surface. [Perhaps from the 
Teut. huyke.] 

HU'CKLE*, hftk'-kl. n. s. [perhaps from the Teut. 
hucken.] The hip. Hudibras. 

HU'CKLEBAOKED, huk'-kl-bakt. a. [hocker f 
Germ, and back.] Crooked in the shoulders. 

HU'CKLEBONE, huk'-kl-bone. n. s. The hip-bone 
Gamm. Gurton. 

HU'CKSTER, h&ks'-tur. 98. ) n. s. [hucker, ho- 

HOCKSTERER, huks'-tflr-ur. \ eckcr, Teut.] One 
who sells igoods by retail, or in small quantities ; a 
pedler. Ecclus. xxvi. A trickish, mean fellow. Bp. 
Hall. 
To HU'CKSTER, huks'-tSr. v. n. To d^al in petty 
bargains. Swift. 

HU'CKSTERAGE*, huk'-stur-aje. n.s. Dealing; 
business. Milton. 

HOCKSTERESS^h&k'-stur-es. n.s. Ashe-pedler. 
Sherwood. 

HUD*, hud. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of hood.] 
The husk of a nut or walnut. — To hud. To take 
off the husks. Grose. 
To HU'DDLE$, h&d'-dl. 405. v. a. [hudeln, Germ.] 
To dress up close, so as not to be discovered ; to 
moble. To put on carelessly in a hurry. Prior. 
To cover up in haste. Edwards. To perform in a 
hurry. Dryden. To throw together in confusion. 
Locke. 
To HU'DDLE, hud'-dl. v.n. To come in a crowd or 
hurry. Sluikspeare. 

HU'DDLE, h&d'-dl. 405. n. s. Crowd ; tumult ; eon- 
fusion. Glanville. 

HODDLER*, hud'-dl-fir. n. s. [hndler, Germ.] One 
who throws things into confusion ; a bungler. Cot- 
scrave. 
S 477 



HUL 



HUM 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat 3— me, mgt;— pine, pin;— 



HUE 5, hfi. 335. n. s. [hip, hipe, and hm, Sax.] Col- 
our ; die. Spenser, [hue'e, Fr.] A clamour ; a le- 
gal pursuit ; an alarm given to the country. It is 
commonly joined with cry. Shakspeare. 

HU'ED*, hiV-gd, or hude. a. Coloured. Cliaucer. 

HU ER, hu'-fir. n. s. [huer, Fr.] One whose business 
is to call out to others. Carew. 

HUFF§, hfif. n.s. [hove, or haven, swelled.] Swell of 
sudden anger or arrogance. Hudibras. A wretch 
swelled with a false opinion of his own value. 
South. 

To HUFF, hfif. v, a. To swell ; to puff. Grew. To 
hector ; to treat w^th insolence and arrogance, orl 
brutality. Echard. " 

To HUFF, hfif. v. n. To bluster; to storm; to 
bounce ; to swell with indignation or pride. Ot- 
way. 

HUFFER, hfif -fur. n. s. A blusterer; a bully. Hu- 
dibras. 
HUFFISH, hfif-ffsh. a. Arrogant ; insolent ; hector- 



[from hull.] Siliquose ; husky, 



HUFFISHLY, hfif-ffsh-le. ad. With arrogant petu- 
lance. 

HUTFISHNESS, hflf-fisli-nSs. n.s. Petulance ; ar- 
rogance. 
To HUG §, hfig. v. a. [he£ian, Sax.] To press close 
in an embrace. Shak. To fondle; to treat with 
tenderness. Milton. To hold fast. Atlerbury. To 
gripe in wrestling. To applaud or congratulate 
one's self, on account of supposed advantage or su- 
periority. Glanville. 

HUG, hug. n. s. Close embrace. Gay. A particu- 
lar gripe in wrestling, called a Cornish hug. Tal- 
ler. 

HUGE§, hfije. a. [ahugue, old Fr.] Vast; immense. 
Hooker. Very great. Milton. Great even to de- 
formity or terribleness. Shak. Having any quality 
in a great or high degree. Hammond. 

HUGELY, huje'-le. ad. Immensely; enormously. 
Shakspeare. Greatly; very much. Bp. Taylar. 

HU'GENESS, h&je'-n&s. n. s. Enormous bulk ; 
greatness. Mirror for Magistrates. Utmost extent. 
Shakspeare. 

HU'GEOUS*, hu'-je-fis. a. A low word for vast or 
enormous. 

HU GGERMUGGER, hfig'-gfir-mfig-gur. n. s. [un- 
certain etymologv.] Secrecy ; by-place. Spenser. 

HU'GUENOT*, W-gu-not. n. s. [Eignots, confed- 
erates.] One of the reformed religion in France ; a 
French Calvinist. Dryden. 

HUGUENOTISM*, hu'-gu-not-fzm. n.s. The pro- 
fession or principles of a Huguenot. Sherwood. 

IIU'GY, luV-je. a. Vast ; great ; huge. Carew. 

HU'ISHER*. n. s. [huissier, Fr.] An attendant ; a 
door-keeper. Now written usher. B. Jonson. 

IIUKE, huke. n. s. [huca, low Latin ; huque, Fr.] A 
cloak ; a mantle. Bacon. 

HULCH $* hfiltsh. n. s. [hulkig, Su. Goth.] A bunch ; 
a bump ; any round swelling, as a hunch in the 
back. Cotgrave. 

HULCHBA'CKED*, hfiltsh'-bakt. a. Crookbacked. 
Cotgrave. 

HU'LCHED*, hfiltsh'-eU a. Swollen; puffed up. 
Cotgrave. 

HU'LCHY*, hfiltsh'-e. a. Much swelling ; gibbous. 
Sherwood. 

HULK, hfilk.rc.s. {hoik, Su. Goth.] A ship; a vessel 
of burden. Mirror for Magistrates. The body of a 
ship. Shakspeare. " Any thing bulky and unwieldy. 
Bp. Hall. 

To HULK, hfilk. v. a. To exenterate : as, to hulk a 
hare. AinswoHh. 

HU'LKY*, hfil'-ke. a. A colloquial term for a heavy, 
large, or unwieldy person. 

HULL §, hfil. n. s. [hullen, Germ.] The husk or in- 
tegument of any thing ; the outer covering. The 
body of a ship ; the hulk. Dryden. — To lie a hull. 
Spoken of a ship, when she cannot carry all her 
sails ; or her masts are taken down, and she is left 
at the direction of the waves. Sir T. Herbert. 

To HULL, hfil. v. n. To float ; to drive to and fro 
upon the water without sails or rudder. Sidney. 



To HULL*, hfil. v. a. To peel off the hull or husk of 
any seed. Latham. To fire cannon balls into the 
hull of a ship, within the point-blank range. Cham- 
bers. 
HU'LLY, hfil'-le. 

Ainsworth. 
HU'LVER, hfil'-vfir. n. s. Holly. Timer. 
To HUM§, hfim. v. n. [hommelen, Dutch.] To make 
the noise of bees. Dryden. To make an inarticu- 
late and buzzing sound. SJiak. To make a con- 
fused noise, like that of bustling crowds at a dis- 
tance. Thomson. To pause in speaking, and sup- 
ply the interval with an audible emission of breath. 
Hudibras. To make a low, dull noise ; to mur- 
mur. P. Fletcher. To express applause. Appro- 
bation was commonly expressed in publick assem- 
blies by a hum. Trial of the Regicides. 
To HUM*, hfim. v. a. To applaud. Milton. To sing 
low; to utter murmuringly, or indistinctly. Pope. 
To cause to hum, or make a dull noise. To im- 
ose upon a person. 



pos 
HUH, 

Shak. A low, confused noise, as of bustling crowds 
at a distance. Milton. Any low, dull noise. Pope. 
A pause, with an inarticulate sound. Shale. An ex- 

f>ression of applause. Spectator. Formerly, a strong 
iquor, drunk by the common people. B. Jonson. A 
jest ; a low trick ; a hoax. Epigr. Oxford Sausage. 
HUM, hfim. interj. A sound implying doubt and de- 
liberation. Slwkspeare. 
HU'MAN§, liu'-man. 88. a. [humamts, Lat.] Having 
the qualities of a man. Swift. Belonging to man. 
SJiakspeare. 
HUMA'NATE*, lnV-ma-nate. part. a. Invested with 

humanity. Ahp. Cranmer. 
HU'MANE $, hu-mW. a. [humaine, Fr.] Kind ; 

civil ; benevolent ; good-natured. Bacon. 
HUMANELY, hfi-maneMe. ad. Kindly; with good- 
nature. Shakspeare. 
HUMANENESS*, hu-mane'-nis. n. s. Tenderness ; 

humanity. Scott. 
fflPMANTST, hu'-ma-nfst. n. s. [humaniste, Fr.] A 

philologer: a grammarian. Bacon.. 
HUMANITY, hu-man'-e-te. n. s. [humanitas, Lat.] 
The nature of man. Sidney. Humankind; the 
collective body of mankind. Glanville. Benevo- 
lence ; tenderness. Locke. Philology; grammatical 
studies. Harrington. 
To HUMANIZE, hiV-man-lze. v. a. To soften ; to 
make susceptive of tenderness cr benevolence. 
Wotton. 
HUMANKIND, hu-man-kyind'. n.s. The race of 

man ; mankind. Pojie. 
HU'MANLY, hu'-man-le. ad. After the notions of 
men; according to the power of men. Atlerbury. 
Kindly; with good-nature. Pope. 
HUMATION*, hu-ma'-shfin. n. s. [humatio, Lat.] 

Interment. Cliambers. 
HU'MBIRD, hiW-bfird. n. s. The humming bird. 

Brown. 
HU'MBLE §, fim'-bl. 394, 405. a. [fumble, Fr.] Not 
proud ; modest ; not arrogant. Spenser. Low ; not 
high ; not great. Cowley. 
To HUMBLE, fim'-bl. v. a. To make humble; to 
make submissive ; to make to bow down with hu- 
mility. Shak. To crush ; to break ; to subdue. 
Addison. To make to condescend. Locke. To 
bring down from a height. Hakewill. 
HU'MBLEBEE, fim'-bl-be. n. s. [hommelen, Teut. 

bombum edere.] A buzzing wild bee. Shak. 
HU'MBLEBEE, fim'-bl-be. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 
HU'MBLEBEE Eater, n. s. A fly that eats the hum- 

blebee. Ainsworth. 
HU'MBLEMOUTHED, fim'-bl-mS&THd. a. [hum 

ble and mouth.'] Mild; meek. Shakspeare. 
HU'MBLENESS, fim'-bl-ne's. n.s. Humility; ab- 
sence of pride. Sidney. 
HU'MBLFPLANT, fim'-bl-plant. n. s. A species of 

sensitive plant. Mortimer. 
HUMBLER, fim'-bl-fir. 98. n.s. One that humble* 
or subdues himself, or others. Sherwood. 
478 



HUM 



HUN 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tab, bull ; — oil ;— pflund }— </iiu, THis. 



Ill MBLES, Qm'-blz. 405. n.s. Entrails of a deer. 

|M Umbles. 
HlMBLESS, fim'-blea n.s. [humblesse, old Fr.] 

Humbleness; humility. Spenser. Ob. J. 
HI' MBLING^am'-blmg. n.s. Humiliation ; abate- 
ment of pride. Milton. 
HL'MBLY, fim'-ble. ad. Without pride; with hu- 
mility; modestly; with timorous modesty. Shak. 
Without height ;" without elevation. 
H U'MBUG*, ham'-bflg. n. s. An imposition : a very 

low word. Student, vol. ii. 
HUMDRUM, hfim'-drflm. a. [from hum. and the 

Ice). draumsJ] Dull; dronish ; stupid. Hudibras. 
To HUME'CT§, ho-inekt'. ) v.a. [humecto, 

To HUME'CTATE §, hu-mek'-tate. $ Lat.] To 

wet ; to moisten. Brown. 
IR'MECTA'TION, hu-mek-ta'-shfin. n.l The act 

of wetting ; moistening. Bacon. 
HUME'CTIVE*, ha-mek'-tfv. a. Having the power 

(o wet or moisten. Partlumeia Sacra. 
HUMERAL, hiV-me-ral. a. [immeral, Fr. from hu- 
merus. Lat.] Belonging to the shoulder. Sharp. 
HUMICUBA'TION. hu-m?k-a-ba'-shon. n.s. [humi 
and cubo, Lat.] The act of lying on the ground. 
Bp. Bramhall. 
HUMID $, hiV-mid. a. [humidus, Lat.] Wet; moist; 

watery. Milton. 
HUMIDITY, hu-m?d'-e-te. n. s. [ImmulUe, FrJ 
Moisture, or the power of wetting other bodies. It 
differs very much from fluidity, depending alto- 
gether on the congruity of the component particles 
of any liquor to the pores or surfaces of such par- 
ticular bodies as it is capable of adhering to. 
Quincy. 
To HU'MILE §*, ha'-mil. v. a. [humilier, old Fr.] To 

humiliate or humble. Bp. Fisher. Ob. T. 
HUMILIATION, hu-mn-e-a'-shfln. n. s. [Fr.l De- 
scent from greatness ; act of humility. Hooker. 
Mortification ; external expression of sin and un- 
worthiness. Brown. Abatement of pride. Swift. 
HUMFLITY, hu-mfl'-e-te. n.s. [humility, Fr.] Free- 
dom from pride ; modesty. Hooker. Act of sub- 
mission. Davies. 
HU'MMER, ham'-mor. n. s. [from hum.] That 

which hums ; an applauder. Ainsivorth. 
HUMMING*, ham'-mlng. n. s. The noise of bees 
or flies. Bacon. An inarticulate sound. Shak. A 
dull, unmeaning noise. Glanville. 
HAMMING Ale*. Sprightly ale. Dryden. 
HUMMING Bird*. See Humbird. 
HU'MMOCK*, hiW-mflk. n. s. [perhaps a corrup- 
tion of hump.] A little hill; rising-ground. Hawkes- 
worth. 
HU MMUMS* mW-mfimz. n. s. pi. [Persian.] 
Sweating-places, or baths. The word is used by 
us only in the plural. Sir T. Herbert. 
HU'MORAL, yu'-mo-rfil. 88, 394. a. [humoral, Fr.] 

Proceeding- from the humours. Harvey. 
HU'MORIST, yii'-mar-Jst. n. s. [humoriste, Fr.] One 
who conducts himself by his own fancy; one who 
gratifies his own humour. Watts. One who has 
odd conceits. Bp. Hail. One who is fond of jest- 
ing; a wag; a droll. Sir T. Bodley. One who 
has violent and peculiar passions. Bacon. 
HU'MOROUS, yiV-mur-us. 314. a. Moist; humid, 
damp; dewy. Drayton. Full of grotesque or odd 
images. Addison. Capricious; irregular. Slvak. 
Pleasant ; jocular. Prior. 
HUMOROUSLY, yiV-mar-as-le. ad. Merrily; jo- 
cosely. Addison. Capriciously ; whimsically. 
Calamy. 
HU'MOROUSNESS, yu'-m&r-fis-nes. n. s. Fickle- 
ness ; capricious levity. Jocularity ; oddness of 
conceit. Petulance ; peevishness. Goodman. 
HU'MORSOxME, yu'-mfir-sam. a. Peevish ; petu- 
lant. Goodman. Odd; humorous. Swift. 
HU MORSOMELY, yu'-mar-sam-le. ad. Peevishly; 

petulantly. Goodman. 
HU'MOUR^ya'-mur. 314,394. n.s. [humor, Lat.} 
Moisture. Ray. The different kind of moisture in 
man's body. Milton. General turn or temper of 
mind. Sidney. Present disposition. Shak. Gro- 



tesque imagery; jocularity ; merriment. Temple. 
Tendency to disease ; morbid disposition. Temple. 
Petulance ; peevishness. SontJi. A trick ; a prac- 
tice. Shak. Caprice; whim; predominant incli- 
nation. Bacon. 
To HU'MOUR, ya'-mfir. v. a. To gratify ; to soothe 
by compliance. Swift. To fit; to comply with. 
Milton. 
HUMOURIST*. See Humorist. 
HU'MOURSOME*. See Humorsome. 
HUMP $, hump. n. s. [umbo, Lat. a tump or hillock.] 
The protuberance formed by a crooked back. Toiler. 
KU'MPBACK, hump'-bak. n.s. Crooked back, 

high shoulders. Toiler. 
HU'MPBACKED, h&mp'-bakt. a. Having a crook- 
ed back. Ttwnsend. 
To HUNCH §, hunsh. v. a, [husch, Germ.] To strike 
or punch with the fists. L'Estrange. [hocker, Germ, 
a crooked back.] To crook the back. Dryden. 
HUNCH*, hunsh. n. s. A blow ; a punch. Serenius, 

A hump ; a biineh. 
HUNCHBACKED, hunsh'-bakt. 359. a. Having a 

crooked back. Dryden. 
HUNDRED $, biV-dred, or InV-dord. a. [hunb, 
hunbreb, Sax.] The number consisting often mul- 
tiplied by ten. Dryden. 
{£r This word has a solemn and a colloquial pronuncia- 
tion. In poetry and oratory the former mode is the bet- 
ter ; on other occasions the latter. W. 
HUNDRED, hfin'-dred. 417. n.s. A company, body, 
or collection consisting of a hundred. Locke. A 
canton or division of a country, perhaps once con- 
taining a hundred manors, [hundredum, low Lat.] 
Bacon. 
HUNDRE'DER* hun / -dre'd-ur. n. s. [hundredarius f 
low Lat.] One of the jury upon a controverey, 
dwelling in the hundred where the land lies. Black' 
stone. One that hath the jurisdiction of a hundred, 
and holdeth the hundred court. Cowcl. 
HUNDREDTH, bun'-dredtfi. a. [hunbpeonfceo- 
£opa, Sax.] The ordinal of a hundred; the 
tenth ten times told. Hooker. 
HUNG, hong. The preterit and part. pass, of hang: 

Dryden. 
HUNGARY Water*, hung'-gar-e-wa'-lfir. n. s. A 
distilled water, so called from a queen of Hungary, 
for whose use it was first prepared. 
HUNGERS, hang'-gfir. 409. n.s. [hnngep, Sax.) 
Desire of food; the pain felt from fasu-.r. Quincy. 
An}' violent desire. Dryden. 
To HUNGER, hftng'-gur. 98. v.n. To feel the pain 
of hunger. St. Matt. xxi. To desire with great ea- 
gerness ; to long. Milton. 
To HUNGER*, h&ng'-gar. v.a. To famish; nol 

to allow sufficient food. 
HUNGERB1T, hung'-gur-blt. ) 10S.a.[hun- 

HUNGERBITTEN,h&ng'-gur-b?t-t'n. $ ger and 
bit.] Pained or weakened with hunger. Job, xviii. 
HUNGERED*, hfing'-gord. See Hungred. 
HUNGERLY, h&ng'-gur-le. a. Hungry; in want 

of nourishment. Sluikspeare. 
HUNGERLY, hfing'-gur-le. ad. Witn keen appe 

tite. Sluikspeare. 
To HUNGERSTARVE* hung'-gGr-starve. v. a 

To famish. Huhet. 
HUNGERSTARVED, hfing'-gur-starv'd'. a, 

Starved with hunger. Shakspeare. 
HUNGRED, hflng'-garU 359. a. [usually with 
an prefixed, corresponding to athirst.] Pinched by 
want of food. St. Matthew. 
HUNGRILY, h&ng'-gre-le. ad. With keen appe- 
tite. Dryden. 
HUNGRY, hung'-gre. a. Feeling pain from want 
of food. Locke. Not fat ; not fruitful ; not prolifick ; 
more disposed to draw from other substances than 
to impart to them. Bacon. 
HUNKS, hungks. n. s. [hunskur, led.] A covetous, 

sordid wretch ; a miser. Dryden. 
HUNS*, h&nz. n. s. pi. [Hunni, Lat.] A barba- 
rous people of Scythia, who, after subduing Pan- 
nonia, gave to it the present name of Hungary. 
Purchas, 

479 



HUR 



HUS 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pm ;— 







To HUNT $, hunt, v. a. [huntian, Sax.] To chase 
wild animals. Job, xxxviii. To pursue 5 to follow 
close. Psalm cxl. To search for. Spenser. To di- 
rector manage hounds in the chase. Addison. 

To HUNT, hunt. v.n. To follow the chase. Gen. 
xxvii. To pursue or search. Locke. 

HUNT, hunt. n. s. A huntsman. Chaucer. A pack 
of hounds. Dry den. A chase. Shale. Pursuit. Shak. 

HU'NTER, h&n'-t&r. n. s. One who chases animals 
for pastime or food. Milton. A dog - that scents 
game or beasts of prey. Shak. A hunting-horse, 
as it was formerly called. 

HU'NTING* hun'-ting. n.s. [hunting, Sax.] The 
diversion of the chase. Locke. 

HU NTINGHORN, huu'-tfng-hSrn. n. s. A bugle ; 
a horn used to cheer the hounds. Prior. 

HU'NTINGHORSE*,hun'-ting-h6rse.n. s. A horse 
to hunt on ; a hunter. Spectator. 

HU'NTINGSEAT*, hun'-tlng-seet. n. s. A tempo- 
rary residence for the purpose of hunting. Gray. 

HU'NTRESS, h&n'-tres. «. s. A woman that fol- 
lows the chase. Milton. 

HUNTSMAN, hunts'-man. 88. n.s. One who de- 
lights in the chase. Spenser. The servant whose 
office it is to manage the chase. U Estrange. 

HU'NTSMANSHIF, hunts'-man-ship. n. s. The 

Sualifications of a hunter. Donne, 
'RDEN*, hur'-dn. n. s. [made of hurds, or coarse 
flax.] A coarse kind of linen. Shenstone. 
HURDLES, hur'-dl. 405. n.s. [hyjibel, Sax.] A 
texture of sticks woven together ; a crate. Dryden. 
Crate on which criminals were dragged to execu- 
tion. Bacon, 
To HU'RDLE*. hur'-dl. v. a. To make up, hedge, 

cover, or close with hurdles. Seward. 
HURDS, hurdz n. s. [See Hards.] The refuse of 

hemp or flax. Ainsworth. 
HU'RDY-GURDY*, hur'-de-g&r-de. n. s. [uncer- 
tain derivation.] A stringed instrument, often 
heard in the streets of London. Midas. 
To HURLS, hurl. v. a. [from whirl; hurra, Su. 
Goth.] To throw with violence 5 to drive impetu- 
ously. Numb. xxxv. [hurler, Fr.] To utter with 
vehemence. Spenser. To play at a kind of game. 
Carew. 
To HURL*, hurl. t>, n. To move rapidly; to whirl. 

Tlwmson. 
HURL, hurl, n. s. The act of casting or throwing. 

Congreve. Tumult; riot; commotion. KnoU.es. 
HU'RLBAT, hurF-bat. n. s. Whirlbat. Ainsworth. 
HURLER, hur'-lur. n. s. One who throws, or hurls. 

Harrington. One that plays at hurling. Carew. 
HU RLWIND, hurl'-w'ind. n. s. A whirlwind. Sa?i- 

dys. 
HU'RLY, hur'-le. ) n. s. [hurler. Fr. 

HURLY-BURLY, hur'-le-bur-le. \ and borlen, 
Teut.] Tumult; commotion; bustle. Shakspeare. 
HURRA'H*, hur-ra'. interj. [hurra, Goth.] A shout 
of joy, or triumph, or applause, or encouragement. 
HU'RRICANE, hur'-re-kan. ; n. s. {huracan, 
HURRICA'NO, hur~re-ka'-n6. \ Span.] A violent 
storm, such as is often experienced in the western 
hemisphere. Shakspeare. 
HU'RRIER, h5r'-re-&r. n. s. One that hurries ; a 

disturber. Chapman. 
To HU'RRY S, hur'-re. v. a. [horra, hurra, or hyra, 
Goth.] To hasten; to put into precipitation or 
confusion ; to drive confusedly, Shakspeare. 
To HU'RRY, hur'-re. v.n. To move on with pre- 
cipitation. Dryden. 
HU'RRY, hur'-re. n. s. Tumult ; precipitation ; com- 
motion. Hayward. 
HU'RRY-SKURRY* hur'-re-skur'-re. ad. [hurra, 
and skorra, Su. Goth.] Confusedly ; in a bustle ; 
with noise and tumult. Gray. 
HURST, hfirst. n. s. [hup.yfc, Sax.] A small wood ; 

a knoll covered with trees. Drayton. 
To HURTS, hurt. v. a. preter. I hurt; part. pass. 
/ have hurt, [hypfc, Sax. wounded.] To mischief; 
to harm Revel, ii. To wound ; to pain by some 
bodily harm. Shakspeare, To damage ; to impair. 
Revet vi. 



HURT, hurt. n. s. Harm; mischief. Spenser 
Wound or bruise. Shak. Injury ; wrong. Ezra, iv 

HU'RTER, hurt'-ur. n. s. One that does harm. A 
wounder. Cotgrave. 

HU'RTFUL, hurt'-f&l. a. [hurt and full.] Mis- 
chievous; pernicious. Hooker. 

HU'RTFULLY, hurt'-ful-e. ad. Mischievously; per 
niciously. Sherwood. 

HU'RTFULNESS, hurt'-f&l -nes. n. 5. Mischievous- 
ness; perniciousness. Shenoood. 

To HURTLE S, hfir'-tl. 405. v.n. [urtare, Italian.] 
To clash ; to skirmish ; to run against any thing : 
to jostle. Shak. To clash ; to rattle. Shak. To 
rush forward. Spenser. To wheel round ; to turn 
about quickly. Spenser. 

To HU'RTLE, hur'-tl. v. a. To push with violence. 
Wiclijfe. To move with violence, or rather with 
velocity ; to whirl round. Spenser. 

HU'RTLEBERRY, InV-tl-ber-e. «. *. [heojiofc- 
bejift, SaxJ Bilberry. 

HU'RTLESS, hurt'-les. a. Innocent ; harmless ; in- 
noxious ; doing no harm. Sidney. Receiving no 
hurt. 

HU'RTLESSLY, hurt'-les-le. ad. Without harm. 
Sidney. 

HU'RTLESSNESS, hurt'-lgs-nes. n. s. Freedom 
from any pernicious quality. 

HU'SBANDS,huz'-bfind. 88. n.s. [hossband, Danish, 
master.] The correlative to wife ; a man mar- 
ried to a woman. Locke. The male of animals. 
Dryden. An economist ; a man that knows and 
practises the methods of frugality and profit. Da- 
vies. A tiller of the ground; a farmer. Spenser. 

To HU'SBAND, huz'-bund. v. a. To supply witr 
a husband. Shak. To manage with frugality. 
Bacon. To till ; to cultivate the ground. Bacon. 

HU'SBAND ABLE*, huz'-bund-a-bl. a. Manageable 
with frugality. Sherwood. 

HU'SBANDLESS, huz'-bund-les. a. Without ? 
husband. Shakspeare. 

HUSBANDLY, hfiz'-bund-le. a. Frugal; thrifty 
Tusser. 

HU'SBANDMAN, huz'-b&nd-man.n. s. A master of 
a family. Chaucei-. One who works in tillage. Shak. 

HUSBANDRY, hfiz -bund-re. n.s. Tillage; man- 
ner of cultivating land. Sid?iey. Thrift ; frugality : 
parsimony. Shak. Care of domestick affairs. Shak. 

HUSHS, hush, interj. [houische, Fr.] Silence! be 
still ! no noise ! Sliakspeare. 

HUSH, hush. a. Still; silent ; quiet. Sliakspeare. 

To HUSH, hush. v.n. To be- still; to be silent. 
Spaiser. 

To HUSH, hush. v. a. To still; to silence ; to quiet. 
Shakspeare. 

To HUSH up. v. a. To suppress in silence ; to for- 
bid to be mentioned. Pope. 

HU'SHMONEY, hush'-m&n-e. n.s. [hush and mon- 
ey.'] A bribe to hinder information. Swift. 

HUSKS, husk. n.s. [huldsch, Ihtich.] The outmost 
integument of fruits. Shakspeare. 

To HUSK, husk. v. a. To strip off the outward in- 
tegument. 

HUSKED, h&s'-ked. 366. a. Bearing a husk. Shei-- 
wooa. 

HU'SKINESS*, h&s'-ke-nes. n. s. Hoarseness ; the 
state of being husky. 

HUSKY, hfis'-ke. a. Abounding in husks; consisting 
of husks. Dryden. Hoarse; having a rough or 
dismal sound ; having a cough. Anstey. 

HUSSA'R*, h&z-zar'. n. s. [husar, Germ.] Original- 
ly, a Hungarian horse-soldier, light-armed. Toiler. 

HU'SSITE*, bus'-Ue. n. s. One of the followers of 
John Huss of Prague, the reformer. Pelletreau. 

HU'SSY, h&z'-ze. n. s. [corrupted from housewife : 
taken in an ill sense.] A sorry or bad woman ; a 
worthless wench. It is often used ludicrously in 
slight disapprobation, Soutliern. 

HU'STINGS, huz'-tingz. n. s. [huptm^, Sax.] A 

council ; a court held. Blacksione. The place of 

meeting to choose a member of parliament. Burke 

To HUSTLE, hus'-sl. 472. v. a. [hntsen, hutselen 

Teut.] To shake together in confusion. 

480 



HID 



HYM 



-no, move, nAr, not;— tube, tub, bull;— oil;— pfiftnd ; — th'm, THis. 



HU'SWIFE }, hfiz'-zlf. 144. n.s. A bad manager', a 
sorry woman, [hu]-, Sax. and wife.} Shale. An 
economist; a thrifty woman. Tusser. 
To HU'SWfFE, h&z'-zif. u.o. To manage with 
economy and frugality. Dryden. 

HU'SWIFELY*, hfiz'-zlf-le. a. Thrifty; frugal j 
becoming a housewife. Tusser. 

HU'SWIFELY* hfiz'-zlf-le. ad. Thriftily; like a 
•jood huswife or husband. Barret. 

HU'SWIFERY, hfiz'-zif-re. n.s. Management, good 
or bad. Tusser. Management of rural business 
committed to women. Tusser. 

HUT$, hot. n.s. [hut tee. Sax.] A poor cottage 
Siri/l. A temporary building to lodge soldiers. 

To HUT*, hut. v. a. (hitler, Fr.l A military expres- 
sion : as, to hut troops, i. e. to lodge them in huts. 

HUTCH §, hutsh. n. s. [hpaecce, Sax. huche, Fr.] A 
chest of any kind ; a coffer, called in the north 
country, an ark. Wdrton. Among farmers, a hol- 
low trap for taking vermin alive ; and also a kind 
of case for keeping rabbits. 

To HUTCH*, hfitsh. v. a. To hoard; to lay up as 
in a chest. Milton. 

HUTCHLNSO'NIAN*,hfitsh-?n-s6'-ne-an. re. s. One 
of the followers of the opinions of Mr. John Hutch- 
inson of Yorkshire ; whose notion was, that a ple- 
num and the air are the principles of the Scripture 
philosophy, and whose scheme of reformation re- 
lated to the original language of the Old Testa- 
ment and the true sense of the Bible. Heathcote. 

To HUZZ, huz. v. n. [from the sound.] To buzz ; 
to murmur. Barret. 

HUZZA' §*, huz-za'. 174. [huz-za/, Perry.] inletj. 
An exclamation of joy, or triumph. Goldsmith. 

HUZZA', huz-za/. n.s. A shout; a cry of acclama- 
tion. Arbuthnot. 

To HUZZA', huz-za/. v. n. To utter acclamation. 
King. 

To HUZZA', huz-za'. v. a. To receive or attend 
with acclamation. Addison. 

HY'ACINTH§, hl'-a-sfntf. n.s. [bdKivdSg.] A flower. 
Miller. A gem, the same with the lapis lyncuri.us 
of the ancients. Hill. 

HY'ACINTHLNE, hl-a-sm'-^ln. 140. a. Made of hy- 
acinths ; resembling hyacinths. Milton. 

HY'ADES, hl'-a-dez. ) n. s. [bdees.] A watery con- 

HY'ADS. hl'-adz. 187. $ stellation. Dryden. 

HY ALINE.hl'-a-lln.loO.a. [bdhvos.] Glassy, crys- 
talline. Milton. 

HYBRIDS, hib'-brid. a. [8/?pi f , hpptSo S .] Mongrel; 
of different species : applied to plants as well as 
animals. South. 

HY'BRIDOUS, hfb'-bre-dus. a. Begotten between 
animals of different species. Ray. 

HYDA'TIDES, hl-dat'-e-dez. 187. n. s. [from bSup.] 
Little transparent bladders of water in any part ; 
most common in dropsical persons. Quincy. 

HYDRA, hl'-dra. n. s. [hydra, Lat.] A monster 
with many heads slain by Hercules : whence any 
multiplicity of evils is termed a hydra. Milton. 

HY'DRAGOGUES, hl'-dra-gogz. 187. n.s. [Uwp 
and dyui.] Such medicines as occasion the discharge 
of watery humours, which is generally the case of 
the stronger catharticks. Quincif. 

HVDRA'ULICAL, hl-draw'-le-kal. )a. Relating to 

HYDRA'ULICK, hl-draw'-llk. \ the convey- 
ance of water through pipes. Derham. 

HYDRA'ULICKSy, hl-draw'-liks. 187. n.s. [i£wo 
and d»Ao?.] The science of conveying water through 
pipes or conduits. Adams. 

HYDROCE'LE, hl'-dr6-sele. 180. n. s. [bSpoK,^,.] 
A watery rupture. 

OCT This word, like all of the same origin and form, as 
bubonocele, entcrocele, bronchocele, spermatocele, sar- 
coctle, &c, ought to be pronounced with the final e 
forming a syllable ; for, as they are perfectly Greek 
words, as vSpoKTjXt}, or formed from the Greek, as en- 
terocele from evrepov and /07A77, they ought to be pro- 
nounced like apostrophe, hyperbole, &c. W. 

HYDROCE'PHALUS, hl-dro-sef-fa-lfis. n. s. [M ap 

and Ke<f>a\fi.] A dropsy in the head. Arbuthnot. 

HY'DROGEN*, hl'-dro-jen. re.*. [Map and yewdu.] 

61 



One of the principles of water; in chymical lan- 
guage, as it is found in the form of gas, and then 
called inflammable air. 

HYDRO'GRAPHER, hi-dr&g'-gra-fur. n. s. [Mu>p 
and ypdd>w.] One who draws maps of the sea. Boyle. 

IIYl)ROGRA'PHICAL*,hi-dr6-graf'-e-kal. a. Ap- 
plied to maps or charts, which represent the sea- 
coast, rocks, islands, shoals, shallows, and the like. 
Cluiuibers. 

HYDROGRAPHY $, hl-drog'-gra-fe. 518. re. s. De- 
scription of the watery part of the terraqueous globe. 
Norman. 

HYDRO'LOGY*, hl-dr6l'-6-je. re. s. [bSup and \6yos .] 
Description of the nature and properties of water 
in general. 

HY'DROMANCY, hl'-dro-man-se. 519. n.s. [vSwp 
and uaiTtia.~] Prediction by water. Ayliffe. 

HY'DROMEL, hl'-dro-mel. 180. n.s. \Mop and 
uAi.J Honey and water. Mortimer. 

HYDRO'METER, hl-drom'-me-tor. 518. re.s. [v6u>p 
and fierpov.] An instrument to measure the extent 
or profundity, gravity or density, or other proper- 
ties of water. 

HYDRO'METRY, hi-drom'-me-tre. re. 5. The act of 
measuring the extent of water. 

HYDROPHO'BIA, hl-dr6-f6'-be-a. re. s. [bSpu><po(3ia.] 
Dread of water. Quincy. 

$CF" I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the accentua- 
tion of this word : for my reasons see Cyclopaedia, 
Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Mr. Bu- 
chanan, Mr. Entick, Mr. Barclay, and Dr. Johnson, are 
uniformly for the antepenultimate accent. W. 

HY'DROPHOBY*, hi'-dr6-f6-be. n.s. Dread of 
water. Birch. 

HYDRO' PICAL, hi-dr6p'-pe-kal. > a. [htpomKb:.] 

HYDRO'PICK, hl-dr&p'-pik. J Dropsical; 

diseased with extravasated water. Bacon. Re- 
sembling dropsy. King Charles. 

HY'DROPSY* hi'-drop-se. re. s. The dropsy. 
Thomson. 

HYDROSTA'TICAL $, hl-dr6-stat'-e-kal. a. [t5u,p 
and araTiKJi.] Relating to hydrostaticks ; taught 
by hydrostaticks. Bentley. 

HYDROSTA'TICALLY, hl-dr6-siat'-e-kal-e. ad. 
According to hydrostaticks. Bentley. 

HYDROSTA'TlCKS, hl-dro-stai'-Iks. re. s. The 
science of weighing fluids ; weighing bodies in 
fluids. Bentley. 

HYDRO'TICK, hl-drdt'-ik. re. s. [Mu>p.] Purger of 
water orphlegm. Arbuthnot. 

HY'DRUS*. hi'-drus. re. s. [2oa>p.] A water-snake. 
Milton. [In astronomy.] The water-serpent; a 
southern constellation. ■ 

HY'EMAL §*, hl-e'-mal. a. [hyemalis, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to winter. Sir T. Brown. 

To HY'EMATE* hl'-e-mate. v. n. To winter at a 
place. Cockeram. 

HYEMA'TION*. hl-e-ma'-shon. n. s. Shelter from 
the cold of winter. Evelyn. 

HY'EN, hl'-en. ??i.s. [hyama, Lat. Zaiva, Gr.] 

HYE'NA, hi-e' : iia. \ An animal like a wolf/ said 
fabulously to imitate human voices. Shakspeare. 

HYGRO'METER, hi-gr&m'-me-tur. 187. n. s. [bypdg 
and utrpto).] An instrument to measure the degrees 
of moisture. Arbuthnot. 

HY'GROSCOPE, bl'-gr6-sk6pe. n.s. [vypos' and 
aKo-iU).'] An instrument to show the moisture and 
dryness of the air, and to measure and estimate the 
quantity of either extreme. Quincy. 

HYGROSCO'PICK* hl-grd-skop'-Ik. a. Having 
affinity to water. Adams. 

HYLA'RCHICAL, hl-lar'-ke-kal.a. [fa* and fy^).] 
Presiding over matter. Hallywell. 

HY'LOZOICK* hi'-l6-z6-ik. n.s. One of a sect of 
ancient atheists that held all matter to be animated 
and to have perception. Clarke. 

HY'MEN§, hl'-men. n.s. [ty^.] The god of mar- 
riage. Toiler. The virginal membrane. [In bot- 
any.] A fine, delicate skin in which flowers are en- 
closed, while in the bud. 
HYMENE'AL, hl-me-ne'-al. )n.s. [bpivatos.'] A 
HYMENE'AN, hS-me-ne'-an. < marriage song. Milt 
481 



HYP 



HYP 



[0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, m&t ;— pine, pin; 



HYMENE AL, hl-me-ne'-al. ) a. Pertaining to mar- 

HYMENE'AN, hl-me-ne'-an. \ riage. Pope. 

tyCr* In these compounds of Hymen, Mr. Sheridan has 
shortened ths i in the first syllable ; but, though I think 
this tendency of tho secondary accent to shorten the 
vowel perfectly agroeable t6 analogy, yet y has so fre- 
quently the sound of long i, tliat it seems, in this case 
and some others, to counteract that tendency; nor can 
any other reason be given why the same letter in hy- 
perbolical and hypercritick should be long, as Mr. Sheri- 
dan has properly marked them. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Bu- 
chanan, and Mr. Perry, by their notation, seem of the 
same opinion. TV. 

HYMN §, him. u.s. [b/jivo$.] An encomiastick song, 
or song- of adoration to some superiour being. Spen- 
ser. 

To HYMN, him. v. a. [h/xveu).] To praise in song ; 
to worship with hymns. Milton. 

To HYMN, him. v. n. To sing songs of adoration. 
Milton. 

HY'MNICK, hW-nik. a. Relating to hymns. Donne. 

HY'MNING, him'-ning. 411. part. a. Celebrating in 
hymns. 

HYMNO'LOGY*, him-n&l'-i-je. n. s. [ty VOf and X<$- 
yog.] A collection of hymns. Mede, 

To HYP, hip. v. a. [barbarously contracted from 
hypochondriac k.] To make melancholy; to dis- 

?irit. Spectator. 
'PA'LLAGE, he-pal'-la-j£. n.s. [hiraXkayij.] A 
iigure by which words change their cases with 
each other. 
HY'PER*, hi'-pfir. n.s. [b~ep.] A word often found 
in composition, in our language, usually signifying 
excess, or something beyond the meaning of the 
simple word to which it is joined. 
HY'PER, hi'-pur. n.s. [curtailed from hypercritick.] 

A hypercritick. Prior. 
HYPERA'SPIST*. hl-pur-ras'-pist. n. s. [bmpac-i- 

(w.] A defender. C hilling ivorth. 
HYPE'RBATON*, hi-per'-ba-ton. n. s. [Lat. from 
b-rrepfialvu).] A figure in writing, when the words 
are transposed from the plain grammatical order. 
Milton. 
HYPE'RBOLA*,hl-peV-bo-la. 187. n.s. [S«p and 
/3a'AAu.] A section of a cone made by a plane, so 
that the axis of the section inclines to the opposite 
leg of the cone, which in the parabola is parallel to 
it, and in the ellipsis intersects it. Harris. 
HY'PERBOLE, hl-per'-bo-le. 187. n.s. [breplSoXf,.] 
A figure in rhetorick by which any thing is in- 
creased or diminished beyond the exact truth : as, 
Me runs /'aster than lightning ; His possessions are 
fallen to dust. Shakspeare. 
D^F" None of our orthoepists but Dr. Johnson accent this 
word on the first syllable : and that he should do so is 
the more surprising, as all his poetical authorities adopt 
a different pronunciation: 

" Hyperboles, so daring and so bold, 
" Disdaining bounds, are yet by rules controlled." 
Granville. W. 
HYPERBOLICAL ,hi-per-bol'-le-kal. ) a. [from 
HYPERBO'LICK, hi-per-b6!'-ik. C hyperbola.] 

Belonging to the hyperbola; having the nature ot 
an hyperbola. Gi'eiv. [From hyperbole.] Exagger- 
ating or extenuating beyond fact. Burton. 
HYPERBOLIC ALLY, hl-ner-bol'-e-kal-le. 509. ad. 
In form of a hyperbola. With exaggeration or ex- 
tenuation. Brown. 
HYPERBO'LIFORM,hl-pSr-b&l / -l4.f3rm.«.[/^psr- 
bola and forma.] Having the form, or nearly the 
form, of the hyperbola. 
HYPE'RBOLIST*, hl-per'-b6-list. n. s. One who 

hyperbolizes. Boyle. 
To HYPERBOLIZE*, hl-per'-bo-llze v.n. To 
speak or write with exaggeration or extenuation. 
Mountagu. 
To HYPERBOLIZE*, hl-per'-b6-llze. v. a. To ex- 
aggerate or extenuate. Fotherby. 
HYPERBOREAN, hl-per-bo'-re-an. n.s. [hyperbo- 

reus, Lat.] Northern. Armstrong. 
IIYPERCATALE'CTICK*, hl-pgr-kat-a-lek'-tik. 
a. [vrto, and catalectick.] Exceeding the measure ; 
applied to verses having a syllable >r two too many 



appii 

at the end 



HYPERCRITICK, hl-per-krit'-ik. n. s. [bncp and 
KpiTLKos.] A critick exact or captious beyond use 
or reason. Dry den. 
HYPERCRPTICAL, hl-peV-krit'-e-kal. a. Critical 

beyond necessity or use. Evelyn. 

HYPEFIDU'LIA*, hl-per-du'-le-a. ) n. s. [Znep, and 

HY'PERDULY*, hl'-per-du-le. \ dulia -'] A su " 

periour kind of service among the Romanists to the 

Virgin Mary. See Dulia. Abp. Usher. 

HYPE'RICON*, hl-per'-e-k6n. n.s. [Lat.] [Inbota 

ny.] St. John's wort. Stukeky. 
HYPERMETER, hl-peV-me-tur. 581. n.s. [birep 
and pfrpov.] Any thing greater than the standard 
requires. Addison. 
HYPERPHY'SICAL*, hl-per-fiz'-e-kal. a. [birtp. 

and physical.] Supernatural. Aubrey. 
HYPERSARCO'SIS. hi-per-sar-k6'-sis. 520. n.s. 
[vTrtpadpniaets.] The growth of fungous or proud 
flesh. Wiseman. 
HY'PHEN, hl'-fen. n, s. [b<t>h.] A note of conjunc- 
tion; as, inr-tue, ever-living. B. Jonson. 
HYPNO'TICK, hip-not'-ik. n.s. [Sirvoj.] Any medi- 
cine that induces sleep. Brown. 
HY'POCAUST*, hip'-c~kawst. n.s. [biroKavcrov.] A 
subterraneous place, in which was a furnace that 
served to heat the baths of the Greeks and Romans; 
and, in modern times, applied to the place which 
keeps warm a stove or hot-house. Lysons. 
HYPOCHONDRES $, hip-6-k6n'-durz. 415. n.s. 
[bno^ovSpiov.] The two regions lying on each side 
the carti/ago ensiformis, and those of the ribs, and 
the tip of the breast, which have in one the liver, 
and in the other the spleen. Quincy. 
HYPOCHO'NDRIA*,hip-p6-k6n'-dre-a. n.s. Mel- 
ancholy. Thomson. 
HYPOCHONDRIACAL, hip-p6-k&n-drl'-a-kal. } 
HYPOCHONDRFACK, hip-po-k&n'-dre-ak. S- 
[hip-p6-k6n-drl'-ak, Sheridan.] ) 

a. Of, or belonging to ; the hupochondres. Bidlokar. 
Melancholy ; disordered in the imagination. Wet- 
ton. Producing melancholy. Bacon. 
HYPOCHONDRFACK*, hip-po-k&n'-dre-ak. n.s. 
One who is melancholy, or disordered in imagina- 
tion. Spenser. 
HYPOCHONDRIACISM*,hip-p6-k6n-drl'-a-sizm. 
n. s. Melancholy ; disordered imagination. John- 
stone. 
HYPOCHONDRIASIS* hip-po-k&n-drl'-a-sis.n. s. 

Hypochondriack affection or passion. Chrichton. 
HYPOCHO'NDRY*, h?p-p6-kSn'-dre. n.s. One of 
the two regions called the hypochonJres. Burton. 
HY'POCIST, hip'-6-sist. n. s. [bKoxio-ng.] An inspis- 
sated juice, considerably hard and heavy, of a fine 
shining black colour, when broken. The stem of 
the plant is thick and fleshy, and much thicker at 
the top than towards the bottom. Hill. 
HY'POCRAS*. See Hippocras. 
HYPO'CRISY, he-pok'-kre-se. 187. n.s. Dissimula- 
tion with regard to the moral or religious charac 
ter. 1 Pet. ii. 
HYTOCRITE§, hip'-p6-krit. 156. n. s. [Wpmfc.] 
A dissembler in morality or religion. Shale. A dis 
sembler. Phillips. 
HYPOCRFTICAL, hip- P 6-kr?l'-ik-kal. ) „ 
HYPOCRFTICK, hip-p6-krit'-ik. ] a - 

Dissembling ; insincere ; appearing differently from 
the reality. Dry den. 
HYPOCRITICALLY, hip-p6-krit'-ik-ka!-e. ad 
With dissimulation ; without sincerity. Govern- 
ment of the Tongue. 
HYPOGA'STRICK, hip-p6-gas'-trik. a. [8™ and 
yaarrip.] Seated in the lower part of the belly. 
Wiseman. 
HYPOGE'UM, hip-6-je'-um. 512. n.s. [8™ and vi).] 
A name which the ancient architects gave to all 
the parts of a building that were under ground, as 
cellars and vaults. Harris. 
HYPOSTASIS §, hl-pos'-ta-sls. 187. n.s. [brio-rauis.] 
Distinct substance. Personality. A term used in 
the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. Hammond. [In 
medicine.] Sediment of urine. Nabhes. 
HYPOSTA'TICAL hl- P 6-stat'-e-kal. a. Constitu 
482 



HYP 



HYT 



—116, move, ndr, not ;— tibe, tftb, bull 3— 6?1 ;— pofind ;— tlun, -mis. 



tive ; constituent as distinct ingredients. Boyle. 
Personal; distinctly personal. Pearson. 

HYPOSTATICALLY*, hl-p6s-tdt'-e-kal-le. a. Per- 
illy. More. 

HYPO'TENUSE, hl-pot'-e-nuse. 187. n. s. [birori- 
rovaa.] The line that subtends the right angle of 
a right-angled triangle the subtense. Locke. 

OCT ^ r - Sheridan and Dr. Ash [and Mr. Todd] accent 
this word on the second syllable ; but Dr. Johnson, Dr. 
Kenrick, Mr. Barclay, Bailey, and Buchanan, on the 
last. These authorities induced nie, in the first edition 
of this [Walker's] Dictionary, to place the accent on 
the last syllable ; but, upon further inquiry, I found 
the best usage decidedly in favour of the antepenulti- 
mate accent; and as the secondary accent is on the 
second syllable of the Latin hypotenusa, this accentua- 
tion seems most agreeable to analogy. — See Acade- 
my and Incomparable. W. 

To HYPOTHECATE*, hl-potfi'-e-kate. v. a. \]nj- 
potheca, Lat.] To pawn ; to give in pledge. Burke. 

HYPOTHESIS $. hip-p&tfi'-e-sis, or hl-poi/i'-e-sk 
187. n.s. [virodecis.] A supposition; a system 
formed upon some principle not proved. South. 

HYPOTHETICAL, hl-po-^eV-te-kal. 187. ) , 

HYPOTHETICK, hl-po-^et'-ik. $ u ' 

Including a supposition ; conditional. Watts. 

HYPOTHET1CALLY, hl-p6-tfieY-te-kal-e. 187. 
ad. Upon supposition ; conditional!}'. Broome. 



HYRSE* horse, n. 

Millet. Coles. 
HYRST,} 
HURST, Shorst 



[hirse. Germ.] [In botany.] 

S Are all from the Sax. hyprt, a 
HERST$ " " ? wooc b or grove. Gibson. 
HY'SSOP, lnV-zup, or hl'-sup. n. s. [hyssopus, Fr.] 

A verticillate plant. Miller. 
OCT Mr. Sheridan, Mr.' Scott, Mr. Entick, W. Johnston, 
and Buchanan, pronounce this word in the second man- 
ner; Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Perry, in the first. 
To pronounce the y long before double s, is contrary to 
every rule in spelling: and therefore, if the first mode 
be not. the best, the orthography ought necessarily to 
be changed. W. 

HYSTE'RlCAL§,Ms-ter'-re-kal. ) a. [bo-rtpiKbg.] 

HYSTE/R1CK $, hls-ter'-rik. 509. $ Troubled with 
fits; disordered in the regions of the womb. Har- 
vey. Proceeding from disorders in the womb. 
Pope. 

HYSTE'RICKS, hls-teV-rfks. n. s. Fits of wo- 
men, supposed to proceed from disorders in the 
womb. 

HY'STERON-PRO'TERON* his'-te-ron-prot'-e- 
ron. n. a. [larepov, npoTcpov.] A rhetorical figure : 
when that is last said, which was first done. 
Peachajn. 

HYTHE*. hlTHe. n. s. A port. See Hithe. 



ICH 



ID 



I Is in English considered both as a vowel and 
consonant. [For 1 consonant, see J.] 
/vowel has along sound, as fine, mine, which 
is usually marked by an e final 5 and a short 
sound, as fin, thin. Prefixed to e, it makes a diph- 
thong of the same sound with the soft i, or double 
e, ee : thus field, yield, are spoken as field, yeeld ; 
except firiend, which is spoken firend. Subjoined to 
a or e, it makes them long, as fail, neigh ; and to 
o, makes a mingled sound, which approaches to the 
notion of a diphthong, as oil, coin. The sound of i 
before another i, and at the end of a word, is always 
expressed by y. [See Principles, No. 8, 105, 185.] 

1, 1. pronoun personal. [ik, Goth, ic, Sax.] I, gen. 
&i.c. me ; plural, ire. gexi. &cc. us. The pronoun of 
the first person, myself. Gen. xxxix. I is sometimes 
written for ay, or yes. Shakspeare. I, prefixed to a 
word, is common in our old language, as well 
as y : as, ibrought, ibuilt. ybuilt. 

{£j= It may be remarked, that the frequent use of this let- 
ter, in our old dramatick writers, instead of ay, is a proof 
that our ancestors pronounced i much broader than we 
do at present, and somewhat approaching to the sound 
it has at this day in the north of England. — See Direc- 
tions to Foreigners, prefixed to this Dictionary. W. 

LVMBICK6, l-am'-bfk. n. s. [iambicus, Lat.] Verses 
composed of iambick feet, or a short and long syl- 
lable alternately ; used originally in satire, there- 
fore taken for sa;ire. Dryden. 

lA'MBICK* l-am'-bik. a. Composed of iambick 
feet. Addison. 

IATROLE'PTICK, l-a-tro-lep'-rfk. a. [larpbs and 
dXa0w.] That which cures by anointing. 

I'BIS*, I'-bls. n. s. The name of an Egyptian bird, 
approaching to the stork kind. Greenhili. 

ICE?. l=e. 71. s. [ly, Sax.] Water or other liquor 
made solid by cold. % Shak. Concreted sugar. — 
To break the ice. To make the first opening to any 
attempt. Shakspeare. 

To ICE, ise. v. a. To cover with ice ; to turn to ice. 
P. Fletcher. To cover with concreted sugar. 
Puller. To chill ; to freeze. 

I'CEBUTLT*, Ise'-bllt. a. Formed of heaps of ice. 
Gray. 



ray. 

:hous 



I'CEHOUSE, Ise'-hSus. n. s. A house in which ice 
is reposited against the warm months. 

l'CELANDER* ; lseMand-ur. n.s. A native of Ice- 
land. Serenins. 

ICHtfFJJ'MON, ?k-mV-m6n. n. s. [l X vi^uv.] A 



small animal that breaks the eggs of the crocodile. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

ICHNEUMONFLY', ik-nu / -m6n-fll. n. s. A sort of 
fly. Derham. 

ICHNOGRA'PHICAL*, Tk-nO-graP-e-kal. a. Rep- 
resenting a certain plot of ground. Evelyn. 

ICHNO'GRAPHY §, flc-nog'-gra-fe. 518. n.s. \l X vog 
and ypd(pu).'] A ground-plot. Moxon. 

FCHOR§, i'-kdr. 166. n. s. [tywp.] A thin, watery 
humour, like serum. Quincy. 

I'CHOROUS, I'-kSr-us. a. Serous; sanious; thin; 
undigested. Harvey. 

ICHTHYO / LOGY/lk-tf*e-&l / -6-je. 518. n.s. [l x 6v- 
o\oyia.~] The doctrine of the nature of fish. Brown. 

ICHTHYO PHAGY, Jk-^e-of-a-je. n. s. [l x 6vg and 
fflayw.l Diet of fish ; the practice of eating fish. 

FCICLE, i'-slk-kl. 405. n. s. [from ice.] A shoot of 
ice commonly hanging down from the upper part. 
Brown. 

FCINESS, i'-se-nes. n. s. The state of generating 
ice. 

FCING*, I'-sIng. n.s. A covering of concreted sugar 
Warton. 

I'CKLE*, frV-kl. n. s. In the north of England, an 
icicle. Grose. 

FCON §, i'-kon. 166. n. s. [nxw.] A picture or rep- 
resentation. Brown. 

ICO'NOCLAST, l-kon'-o-klast. ?/.,?. {sucovoKXaar^.-] 
A breaker of images. Young. 

ICONOCLA'STICK*, l-kon-c-klas'-tlk. «. Break- 
ing or destroying images. Maundrell. 

ICONO'GRAPHY*, l-ko-nog'-ra-fe. n.s. [U and 
ypd(j>w.~\ A description of pictures, statues, and 
similar monuments of ancient art. 

ICONO'LATER* l-lc6-n&l'-a-tfir. n.s. [iIkwv and 
~\drpog.~] A worshipper of images; a name given 
b} 7 the iconoclasts to the Romanists. 

ICONO'LOGY, l-ko-n&]'-6-je. 518. 71. s. [Ilkuv and 
Xf'yw.] The doctrine of picture or representation. 

ICTE'RICAL, Ik-ter'-e-kaJ. 509. a. [icterus, Lat.] 
Afflicted with the jaundice. Floyer. Good against 
the jaundice. 

ICTHYQ'LOGY*. See Ichthyology. 

PCY, i'-se. a. Full of ice; covered with ice; made 
of ice; cold ; frosty. Shale. Cold ; free from pas- 
sion. Shak. Frigid ; backward, Shakspeare. 

ICY-PEARLED*, I'-se-perl'-ed. ,;.' Studded with 
pearls, as it were, of ice. Milton, 

FD. ide. Contracted for I would, 
4S3 



IDL 



IGN 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm 



iDE'A $, l-de'-a. 115. ra. s. [Mia.] Mental image. Xocte. 
IDE'AL, l-de'-al. a. Mental ; intellectual ; not per- 
ceived by the senses. Cheyne. 
To IDE'ALIZE* l-de'-a-lize. v. n. To form ideas. 

Maty. 
IDE'ALLY, l-de'-al-e. ad. Intellectually; mentally. 

Brown. 
To IDE' ATE*, i-de'-ate. v. a. To fancy ; to form in 

idea. Donne. 
IDE'NTICALU-dSn'-li-kal. I «• [identique, Fr.] 
IDE'NTICK§, U&i'-tik. $ The same; im- 
plying- the same thing ; comprising the same idea. 
Tillotson. 
IDENTICALLY*, l-den'-te-kal-le. ad. With same- 
ness. Ross. 
IDENTICALNESS*, l-den'-te-kal-nes. n. s. Same- 
ness. 
IDENTIFICATION*, l-den'-le-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. 
Production of sameness, proof of identity. Skelton. 
To IDENTIFY*, i-den'-te-fl. v. a. To prove same- 
ness. Blackstone. To make the same : as, His 
cause is identified with mine. Barrow. 
IDENTITY, i-den'-te-te. n. s. [identite, Fr.] Same- 
ness ; not diversity. Brown. 
IDES, Idz. n. s. [idus, Lat.] A term anciently used 
among the Romans, and still retained in the 
Romish kalendar. It is the 13th day of each month, 
except in the months of March, May, July, and 
October, in which it is the 15th day, because in 
these four months it was six days before the nones, 
and in the others four days. Sliakspeai'e. 
lDIO'CRASY §, Id-e-ok'-kra-se. 518. n.s. [Uios and 

Kpacig.] Peculiarity of constitution. 
IDIOCRA'TICAL, Jd-e-o-krat'-te-kaL a. Peculiar 

in constitution. 
I'DIOCY, Id'-e-6-se. n.s. [ISnoria.] Want of under- 
standing. Bacon. 
FDIOM§, id'-e-um. 166. n.s. [i<5a^a.] A mode of 
speaking peculiar to a language or dialect; the 
particular cast of a tongue ; a phrase ; phraseology. 
Dryden. 
IDIOMA'TICAL. ld-e-6-maf-e-kal. 509. ) a. Pecu- 
IDIOMA'TICK, id-e-6-mat'-tik. \ liar to a 

tongue; phraseological. Spectator. 
IDIOT ATHY, fd-e-V-pfi-tfie. 518. n.s. [Uios and 
irdBog.] A primary disease that neither depends 
on, nor proceeds from, another. Quincy. Peculiar 
affection or feeling. More. 
IDIOSYNCRASY, Id-e-6-snV-kra-se. n.s. [ft l0S> 
civ, and Kpaci?.] A peculiar temper or disposition 
of body not common to another. Quincy. 
I'DIOT §, Id'-e-ut. 166. n.s. [ISmttis'] A fool ; a nat- 
ural ; a changeling. Shakspeare. 
FDIOTCY*. See idiocy. 

IDIO'TICAL* Id-e-it'-e-kal. )a. Plain; familiar; 
IDIO'TICK*, id-e-olMk. \ not learned. Black- 

wall. Stupid ; foolish. Bent.ley\ 
I'DIOTISMjd'-e-ut-km. n.s. [ioWifffifc.] Peculiar- 
ity of expression ; mode of expression peculiar to 
a language. Bv. Hall. Folly ; natural imbecility 
of mind. Decker. • 
To FDIOTIZE*, id'-e-ut-lze. v.n. To become stu- 
pid. Persian Letters. 
FDLE§, l'-dl. 405. a. [ybel, ibel, Sax.] Lazy; 
averse from labour. Exod. iv. Not engaged ; af- 
fording leisure. Shak. Unactive; not employed. St. 
Matt. xx. Useless; vain; ineffectual. Milton. Un- 
fruitful ; barren; not productive of good. Shak. Tri- 
fling ; of no importance : as, an idle story. Spenser. 
To FDLE, I'-dl. v.n. To lose time in laziness and 
inactivity. Aubrey. To play lightly. Shakspeare. 
To FDLE*, I'-dl. v. a. To wasie idly ; to consume 

unprofitably. Ld. Chesterfield. 
IDLEHE'ADED, i'-dl-liM-ded. a. [idle and head.] 
Foolish; unreasonable. Carew. Delirious; infat- 
uated. L' Estrange. 
FDLELY*, I'-dl-le. ad. [ibehce, Sax.] So our an- 
cestors wrote idly. 
I'DLENESS, I'-dl-nes, n. s. [ibelneffe. Sax.] La- 
ziness ; sloth ; sluggishness ; aversion from labour. 
South. Absence of employment. Sidney. Omis- 
sion of business, Shak. Unimportance; trivialness. 



Shak. Inefficacy ; uselessness. Barrenness ; worth 
lessness. Shak. Unreasonableness ; want of judge 
ment. Bacon. 
IDLEPA'TED*, l-dl-pa'-ted. a. Idleheaded ; stupid. 
Over bury. 

FDLER, I'-dl-fir. 98. n. s. [from idle.] A lazy per 
son ; a sluggard. Raleigh. 

I'DLESBY*. I'-dlz-be. n. s. An inactive or lazy 
person. Whitlcck. 

I'DLY, i'-dl-e. ad. Lazily; without employment. 
Ascham. Foolishly ; in a trifling manner. Barra. 
Carelessly ; without attention. Shak. Ineffectually 
vainly. Hooker. 

FDOL$, I'-dul. 37, 166. n.s. [hSo>\ov, Gr.; idolum, 
Lat.] An image worshipped as God. 1 Mace. i. A 
counterfeit. Zech. ii. An image. Dryden. A repre- 
sentation. Spenser. One loved or honoured to 
adoration. Denham. 

IDO'LATER, l-d6i'-la-tur. 98. n. s. [idololatra, Lat.] 
One who pays divine honours to images ; one who 
worships lor God that which is not God. Hooker. 
Simply, an adorer ; a great admirer. Hard. 

IDO'LATRESS*, l-dol'4-tres. n. s. She who wor- 
ships idols. Howell. 

IDOLA'TRICAL*, l-d6-lat'-re-kal. a. Tending to 

idolatry. 
To IDO'LATRIZE, l-d6l'-]a-trlze. v. a. To wor- 
ship idols. Ainsworth. To adore. Tr.of Boccalini. 
To IDO'LATRIZE*, l-d6l'-la-trlze. v. n. To offer 
idolatrous worship. Fotherby. 

IDO'LATROUS, l-d&l'-la-trus. 314. a. Tendirfg to 
idolatry; comprising idolatry. Peacham. 

IDO'LATROUSLY, l-dol'-la-trfis-le. ad. In an idol- 
atrous manner. Hooker. 

IDO'LATRY, l-d6l'-la-tre. n. s. [idololatria, Lat.] 
The worship of images. South. 

FDOLISH*, F-dfil-fsh. a. Idolatrous. Milton. 

I'DOLISM* I'-dfil-izm. n.s. Idolatrous worship. Milt 

IDOLIST, i'-dul-lst. 166. n.s. A worshipper o 
images. Milton. 

To I'DOLIZE, I'-do-llze. v. a. To worship idola- 
trously. Biblioth. Bibl. To love or reverence to 
adoration. Denham. 

FDOLIZER*, I'-dfil-l-zur. n.s. One who loves or 
reverences to adoration. Mannyntrham. 

I'DOLOUS*, I'-dfil-us. a. Idolatrous. Bale. Ob. T. 

IDONEOUS, l-dc-'-ne-us. a. [idoneus, Lat.] Fit ■ 
proper; convenient; adequate. Boyle. 

I'DYL, i'-dil. n.s. [dSvXhov.] A small, short poem. 

{J^j* Thjro is sometimes an erroneous pronunciation of 
this word by making the i short ; but it is pronounced 
long by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Buchanan 
and Entick. See Principles. No. 544, 545, &c. W. 

I. E. for id est, or, that is. Locke. 

IF§, If. conjunction. [£ip, Sax.} Suppose it be so, or 
it were so, that. A hypothetical particle. Hooker. 
Whether or no. Dryden. Allowing that ; suppose 
it Lie granted that. Boyle. Though. Milton. 

FFAITH*. ad. [an abbreviation of in faith.] In- 
deed ; truly. Siiakspeare. 

IGNA'RO*, ?g-na'-r6. n. s. [Lat.] A contemptuous 
term of elder days for a blockhead. Mountagu. 

FGNEOUS, Ig'-ne-us. a. [igneus, Lat.] Fiery ; con- 
taining fire ; emitting" fire. Glanville. 

To FGNIFY*, fg'-ne-f 1. v. a. [ignis and fio, Lat.] 
To form into fire. Sfukely. 

IGNFFLUOUS*, ?g-n?P-lu-us. a. [ignifuus, Lat.] 
Flowing with fire. Cockeram. 

1GNPPOTENT, ?g-n?p'- P 6-tent. 518. a. [ignis and 
potens, Lat.] Presiding over fire. Pope. 

IGNIS FAT UUS^z'-nh-til'-shu-us. n. s. [Lat.] 
Will-with-the-wisp ; Jack-with-the-lantern : being 
vapours arising from putrefied waters. Newton. 

To FGNITE §, Ig-nlte'. v. a. [ignis, Lat.] To kin- 
dle ; to set on fire. Grew. 

To FGNITE*, ig-nlte'. t*. n. To become red hot. 

IGNITION, lg-n?sh'-un. n. s. The act of kindling, or 
of setting on fire. Boyle. 

IGNI'TIBLE, ?g-nl'-te-bl. a. Inflammable; capable 
of being set on fire. Brown. 

IGNI'VOMOUS, fg-inV-vd-mas. 518. a. [ignivomus, 
Lat.] Vomiting fire. Derham. 
484 



ILL 



ILL 



-i)6, move, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull 5 — 611 ;- pound ;— (km, Tuis. 



IGNOBI'LITY*, ig-n6-b?l'-e-te. n.s. Want of mag 

naniinitv. Bale. 
IGNO BLE$,fg-n6'-bl.405. a. [ignobilis, Lat J Mean 

of birth ; not noble 5 not of'illustrious race. Dryden. 

Worthless ; not deserving nonour. ShaJcspeare. 
IGNO BLENESS*, ig-no'-bl-nes. ?i.s. Want of dig- 
nity ; want of splendour. Ainswarth. 
IGNO BLY. Jg-no'-ble. ad. Ignominiously ; meanly; 

dishonourably. Milton. 
IGN03IFNIOUS, Ig-no-mln'-yus. 113. a. Mean; 

shameful; reproachful; dishonourable. Milton. 
1GNOM1 NIOUSLY, Ig-no-nuV-yAs-le. ad. Meanly; 

scandalously. South. 
IGNOMINY'^, ig'-no-mln-e. n.s. [ignominia, Lat.] 

Disgrace ; reproach ; shame ; infamy. Milton. 

03r This word is sometimes, but very improperly, pro- 
nounced with the accent on the second syllable, as if di- 
vided into ig-ndm-i-ny; but it must be observed, that 
this termination is not enclitical, 513, and the accent on 
the first syllable seems agreeable to the general rule in 
similar words. All our orthoepists are uniform in plac- 
ing the accent on the first syllable of this word.— See 
Incomparable. W. 

1 GNOMY*, Ig'-no-me. n. s. An abbreviation of ig- 
nominu. \ 

IGNORAMUS, lg-no-ra/-mus. n. s. [Lat.] Ignora- 
mus is a word properly used by the grand inquest 
empannelled in the inquisition of causes criminal 
and publick ; and written upon the bill whereby any 
crime is offered to their consideration, when" they 
mislike their evidence as defective or too weak to 
make good the presentment : all inquiry upon that 
party, for that fault, is thereby stopped, and he de- 
livered. Cowel. A foolish fellow; a vain, unin- 
structed pretender. South. 

I GXORANCE, ig'-ni-ranse. n. s. Want of knowl- 
edge ; unlearnedness. Hooker. Want of knowl- 
edge respecting some particular thing. SJierlock. 
Want of knowledge discovered by external effect. 

IGNORANT §, lg'-n6-rant. a. [ignorans, Lat.] 
Wanting knowledge ; unlearned ; uninstructed ; 
unenlightened. Ps. lxxiii. Unknown ; undiscover- 
ed. Shak. Without knowledge of some particular. 
Bacon. Unacquainted with. Dryden. Ignorantly 
made or done. ShaJcspeare. 

IGNORANT, Ig'-no-rant. n. s. One untaught, un- 
lettered, uninstructed. B. Jonson. 

I GNORANTLY, ig'-ni-rant-le. ad. Without knowl- 
edge ; unskilfully; without information. Dryden 

To IGNORE, lg-n6re'. v. a. [ignoro, Lat.] Not to 
know ; to be ignorant of. Boyle. Not used. 

IGNO'SCIBLE, ig-nos'-se-bl. a. [ignoscibilis, Lat.] 
Capable of pardon. Diet. 

lGXO'TE*,lg-n6te'. a. [ignotus, Lat.] Unknown. 
Sir M. Sandys. 

IL. before words beginning with /, stands for in. 

ILE, He. n.s. [corrupted from aisle, Fr.] A walkor al- 
ley in a church or publick building. Properly aile. 

TLE. ile. n.s. An ear of corn. Ainsworth. 

ILE US, i-le'-us. n.s. [Lat.] A circumvolution, or 
insertion of one part of the gut within the other. 
Arbuthnot. 

[Lat.] The great scarlet oak. 



ILEX, I'-leks. n. 1 

Mortimer. 
ILIACK, ll'-e-ak. , 

lower bowels. 
ILIACK Passion. 



[iliacus, Lat.] Relating to the 



rl'-e-ak-pash'-un. A kind of 
nervous colick, whose seat is the ilium, whereby 
that gut is twisted, or one part enters the cavity of 
the part immediately below or above. Floyer*. 

ILK, Ilk. a. [elc, Sax.J The same. It is still retained 
in Scotland, and the north of England ; and denotes 
each : as, Vk ane of you, every one of you. It also 
signifies, the same ; as, Mackintosh of that ilk, de- 
notes a gentleman whose surname and the title of 
his estate are the same; as, Mackintosh of Mackin- 
tosh. Spenser. 

ILL§, 51. a. [contracted from evi'.] Bad in any re- 
spect; contrary to good, whether physical or moral; 
evil. ShaJcspeare. Sick ; disordered ; not in health. 
Temple. 



ILL, II. n. s. Wickedness ; depravity. h:*con. Mis- 
fortune ; misery. Tate. 
ILL, il. ad. Not well ; not rightly in any respect. 

Dryden. Not easily ; wiih pain. Milton. 
ILL, 11. substantive or adverb, is used in composition to 

express any bad quality or condition 5 as, ill-formed, 

ill neeoming, &c. Johnson. 
ILLA CERABLE*, ll-las'-ur-a-bl. a. [illacerabilis , 

Lat.] That cannot be torn. Cockeram. 
ILLA'CRYMABLE, ll-lak'-kre-ma-bl. 353, 405. a. 

[illacryniabilis, Lat.] Incapable of weeping. Diet. 
1LLATSE, ll-laps'. n. s. [illapsus, Lat.] Gradual 

immission or entrance of one thing into another. 

Spenser. Sudden attack ; casual coming. Thom- 

TMLLA'UUEATEM-li-kwe-ate. 507. v. a. [illa- 
qneo, Lat.] To entangle ; to entrap ; to insnare. 
More. 
ILL AQUEA'TION, ll-li-kwe-a'-shun. n. s. The act 
of catching or insnaring. Brown. A snare ; any 
thing to catch another. 

ILLA'TIONMlylH'-sh&n. n.s. [illatio, Lat.] Infe- 
rence ; conclusion drawn from premises. Bacon. 

FLLATIVE, il'-la-tlv. 157. a. [i/fofcw, Lat.] Relating 
to illation or conclusion. South. 

FLLATIVE*, ll'-la-tiv. n.s. That which denotes illa- 
tion or conclusion. Bp. Hall. 

FLLATIVELYViF-la-tfv-le. ad. By illation or cob. 
elusion. Bp. Richardson. 

ILLA'UDABLE^ll iaw'-da-bl. 405. a. [illaudabilis, 
Lat.] Unworthy of praise or commendation. Mil- 
ton. 

ILLA'UDABLY, il-law'-da-ble. ad. Unworthily; 
without deserving praise. Broome. 

ILLE'CEBROUS*, ll-le'-se-briis. a. [illecebrosus, 
Lat.] Full of allurements. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 

ILLEGAL §, ll-le'-gal. 88. a. [in and 'legalis. Lat.] 
Contrary to law. Swift. 

ILLEGALITY, il-le-gal'-le-te. n. s. Contrariety to 
law. Clarendon. 

To ILLE'GALIZE*. ll-le'-gal-lze. r. a. To render 
illegal. 

ILLEGALLY, ll-le'-gal-le. ad. In a manner contra- 
ry to law. Bp. Hall. 

ILLE'GALNESS*, ll-le'-gal-nes. n. s. The state of 
being illegal. Scott. 

ILLEGIBILITY*, il-led-je-bfl'-e-te. n. s. Incapubil 
ity of being read. 

ILLEGIBLE §, fl-led'-je-bl. 405. a. [in and legibility 
Lat.] What cannot be read. Ho>cell. 

ILLE GIBLY* ; il-led'-je-ble. ad. In a manner not to 
be read. 

ILLEGITIMACY, il-le-jlt'-e-ma-se. n. s. Stale of 
bastardy. 

ILLEGITIMATE*, ll-le-jh'-te-mate. 91. a. [in and 
legitimus, Lat.] Unlawfully begotten ; not begotten 
in wedlock. Cleaveland. Not genuine. 

To ILLEGITIMATE*, ll-le-jlt'-te-mate. *. a. To 
render illegitimate ; to prove a person illegitimate. 
Sir II . VVollon. 

ILLEGITIMATELY, ll-le-jlt'-te-mat-le. ad. Not 
begotten in wedlock. 

ILLEGITIMA'TION, ll-te-jlt-te-ma'-slmn. w.s. The 
state of one not begotten in wedlock. Bacon. Waiit 
of genuineness. Dean Martin. 

ILLE'VIABLE, ll-leV-ve-a-bl. 405. a. [lever, Fr.] 
What cannot be levied or exacted. Hale. 

ILLFA'CED*, il-fasie'. a. Having an ordinary or 
ugly face. Bp. Hall. 

ILLFAWOURED, H-uV-vtird. 362. a. Deformed. 
ShaJcspeare. 

ILLFA'VOUREDLY, Il-fa'-vfird-le. ad. With de- 
formity. Sidneif. Roughly ; ruggedly. Howell. 

ILLFA'VOUREDNESS, il-fa'-vurd-nes. n. s. De- 
formity. Harmar. 

ILLI'BERALS, Mb'-ber-al. 88. a. [illiberalis,Lat.] 
Not noble ; not ingenuous. King Charles. Not 
munificent; not generous; sparing. Woodward 
Mean ; homely. Fotherby. 
ILLIBERA'LITY, U-llb-ber-ral'-le-te. n. s. Mean 
ness of mind. Parsimony; r ; ggardliness Ba 
con 

485 



ILL 














IMA 


(HP 559.- 


-Fate, 


far 


fall, 


fat;- 


— me, mh ;- 


— pine, pir 


5— 



ILLFBERALLY, iWlb'-bgr-ral-i. ad. Disingenu- 
ously; meanly. Decay of Piety. 
ILLICIT $, iWfe'-sft. a. XillitUus,hal.] Unlawful; 

as, an illicit trade. 
ILLICITLY*, il-hV-slt-le. ad. Unlawfully. 
ILLFCITNESS* ll-lis'-sn-nes. n. s. Unlawfulness. 
1LLFCITOUS*, H-lfs'-slt-us. a. Unlawful. 
To ILLrGHTEN,il-H'-tn. 103. v. a. [inandligJtten.] 

To enlighten ; to illuminate. Raleigh. 
ILLIMITABLE $, il-lim'-mfe-ta*!. a. [In and limes, 
Lat.] That cannot be bounded or limited. Brown. 
ILLFMITABLY, il-lW-me-ta-ble. ad. Without sus- 
ceptibility of bounds. 
ILLl'MJLTED, fi-uW-mft4d, a. Unbounded; inter- 
minable. Bp. Hall. 
ILLFMITEDNESS^l-lW-mlt-Sd-ngs. n. s. Exemp- 
tion from all bounds. Clarendon. 
ILLITERACY* ij-lit'-ter-a-se. n. s. Want of learn- 
ing. Pope. 
ILLITERATE^, il-tiV-tgr-ate. 91. a. [illileratus, 
Lat.] Unlettered ; untaught ; unlearned : applied 
to persons. Wotton. Unlearned ; rude ; barba- 
rous : applied to things. Bp. Taylor. 
ILLFTERATENESS/fl-hY-ter-at-nes. n. s. Want 

of learning; ignorance of science. Boyle. 
ILLLTERATURE, 5l-llt'-ter-a-ture. n. s. Want of 

learning. Ayliffe. 
ILL-LIVED*,"11'-Ilv'd. a. [ill and live.] Leading a 

wicked life. Bp. Hall. 
ILLNA'TUREMl-naMshire. 461. n. s. Habitual 

malevolence : want of humanity. South. 
ILLNA'TURED, u-na'-tshurd. 362. a. Habitually 
malevolent ; wanting kindness or good-will ; mis- 
chievous. South. Untractable ; not yielding to 
culture. Phillips. 
ILLNA'TUREDLY, Il-na'-tshurd-le. ad. In a peev- 
ish, froward manner. \ 
ILLNA'TUREDNESS, 5l-naMshurd-nes. n. s. Want 

of a kindly disposition. 
FLLNESS, Ik-nes. n. s. [from ill.] Badness or in- 
convenience of any kind, natural or moral. Locke. 
Sickness; malady; disorder of health. Atterbury. 
Wickedness. Shakspeare. 
ILLO'GlCAL§, nMod'-je-kal. 88. a. [in and logical] 
Ignorant or negligent of the rules of reasoning. 
Waltnii, Contrary to the rules of reason. Decay 
of Piety. 
ILLO'GICALLY, fl-ttd'-je-kal-le. ad. In a manner 

contrary to the laws of argument. South. 
ILLO'GICALNESS*, il-lod'-je-kal-nes. n. s. Con- 
trariety to the rules of reason. Hammond. 
iLL-STARRED*, ll'-stard. a. Influenced by evil 
fctars with respect to fortune ; unluckv. Funshawe. 
TclLLU'DEjI-lude'.r.a. [illudo, Lat] To deceive; 

to mock. S}ienser. 
To ILLUME, lUfone'. v. a. [illuminer, Fr.] To en- 
lighten ; to illuminate. Shakspeare. To brighten ; 
lo adorn. Thomson. 
To ILLUMINATE i?l-'.r/-me-nate. v. a. [illumwer, 
Fr. ; lumen, Lat.] To enlighten ; to supply with 
light. Spenser. To adorn with festal lamps or bon- 
fires. To enlighten intellectually with knowledge 
or grace. Locke. To adorn with pictures or initial 
letters of various colours. To illustrate. Walts. 
ILLU'MINATE*, ll-lu'-me-nate. a. Enlightened. 

Ep. Hall. 
JTLLU'MINATE*, it-lu'-me-nate. n. s. One pretend- 
ing to be enlightened with superiour knowledge ; as 
certain hereticks of the sixteenth century, and cer- 
tain mock philosophers on the continent in our own 
times, self-styled illuminati. Sir E. Saiidys. 
rLLUMINAfTl*, il-lu-me-mV-tl. See" Ii.LUMI- 
NATK. 

ILLUMINA'TION, ll-lu-me-na ; -sh&n. n.s. The act 
of supplying with light. That which gives light. 
Raleigh. Festal lights hung out as a token of joy. 
Dryden. Brightness ; splendour. Felton. Infusion 
of intellectual Tight, knowledge, or grace. Hooker. 

ILLUMINATIVE, il-lu'-me-na-tiv. a. Having the 
power to give light. Dighy. 

ILLUMINATOR, ll-li'-m^-na-tar. 521. n.s. One 
who gives light. Vens^grm. One whose business it 



is to decorate books with pictures at the beginning 

of chapters. Felton 

To ILLU / MLNE,i]-lu/-mm 140. v. a. To enlighten ; to 

supply with light. Milt. To decorate, to adorn. Pope. 

ILLUSIONS, il-liV-zhun. 451. n.s. lillusio, Lat.] 

Mockery ; false show ; counterfeit appearance : er- 

rour. Bacon. 

ILLUSIVE, fl-luZ-sfo. 158, 428. a. Deceiving by 

false show. Blackmore. 
ILLUSIVELY*, fl-lu'-siv-le. ad. In a deceptions 

manner. 
ILLUSIVENESS*. fi-lu'-slv-nes. n. s. Deception 

false appearance. Ash. 
ILLU'SORY, H-hV-sur-e. 429, 512. [for the o, see 
Domestick.] a. [in and lusorius, Lat.] Deceiv- 
ing; fraudulent. Locke. 
To ILLUSTRATE §, il-l&s'-trate. 91. v. n. [illustro, 
Lat.] To brighten with light. More. To brighten 
with honour. Milton. To explain ; to clear ; to elu- 
cidate. Broicn. 
ILLUSTRATION, il-lfis-tra'-shun. n. s. Explana- 
tion ; elucidation ; exposition. L' Estrange. 
ILLUSTRATIVE, fl-!us'-tra-tiv. a. Having the 

quality of elucidating or clearing. Broicn. 
ILLUSTRATIVELY, ll-l&s'-tra-tiv-le. ad. By way 

of explanation. Broicn. 
ILLUSTRATOR*, il-lus'-tra-tur. n. s. [Lat.] One 
who illustrates, brightens, clears, or beautifies. 
Chapman. 
ILLUSTRIOUS §, 11-lusMre-us. 314. ad. [illustris 
Lat.] Bright ; shining. Sandys. Conspicuous ; no- 
ble ; eminent for excellence. South. 
ILLUSTRIOUSLY, fl-lusMre-us-Je. ad. Conspicu- 
ously; nobly; eminently. Atterbury. 
ILLUSTRIOUSNESS/fl-lfis'-tre-us-nes. n.s. Emi- 
nence ; nobility ; grandeur. 
ILLUXU'RIOUS*, fl-luks-iV-re-us. a. [viand luxu- 
rious.] Not luxurious. Ld. Orrery. 
ILL-WILL*, ll-wil. n. s. [ill and will.] Disposition 

to envy or hatred. Shakspeare. 
ILL-WILLER*. il-wil'-lur. n s. One who wishes or 

intends ill to another. Barrmc. 
I'M, Ime. Contracted from lam. 
IM is used commonly, in composition, for in before 
mute letters. What is im in Latin, when it is not 
negative, is often em in French ; and our writers, 
as the Latin or French occurs to their minds, use 
im or em : formed)' im was more common, and now 
em seems to prevail. 
PMASE3, W-mfdje. 90. n. s. [image, Fr.] Any cor- 
poreal representation, generally a statue ; a pic- 
ture. St. Matt. xxii. An idol; a false god. 2 
Chron. xxxiii. A copy ; representation ; likeness. 
Sli/ikspeare. Semblance ; show ; appearance. 
Shakspeare. An idea ; a representation of any 
thing to the mind. Shakspeare. 
IMAGE- WORSHIP*, Im'-midje-wiV-shlp. n. s. 

The worship of images or idols, frapp. 
To PMAGE, W-midje. v. a. To copy by the fancy ; 

to imagine. Dryden. 
FMAGERY, W-mld-jer-re. n.s. Sensible represen- 
tations ; pictures; statues. Spenser. Show; ap- 
pearance. Bp. Taylor. Forms of fancy ; false 
ideas ; imaginary phantasms. Atterbury. Repre- 
sentations in writing; such descriptions as force the 
image of the thing described upon the mind. Dry 
den. Form; make. Feltham. 
IMAGINABLE, e-mad'-jm-a-bl. a. [imaginable, Fr.] 

Possible to be conceived. South. 
IMA'GINANT, e-mad'-jln-ar.t. a. Imagining ; form- 
ing ideas. Bacon. 
IMA'GINANT* e-mad'-jln-ant. n. s. One who is 

prone to form strange ideas Bacon. 
IMA'GINARY, e-mad'-jfn-ar-e. a. [imaginaire, Fr.] 
Fancied ; visionary \ existing only in the imagina- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
IMAGINATION, e-mad-j!n-a/-shun. n.s. [imagi- 
natio, Lat.] Fancy ; the power of forming ideal pic- 
tures ; the power of representing things absent to 
one's self or others. Bacon. Conception ; image 
of the mind; idea. Sidney. Contrivance ; scheme. 
Lam. iii. An unso'id or fanciful opinion. Locke. 
486 



1MB 



IMM 



— n6, move, nflr, not ;— ti\be, tflb, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



IMAGINATIVE, e-mad'-jhi-a-tlv. 512. a. Fantas- 
tick;*full of imagination. Bacon. 

To 1MA'GINE$, e-mad'-jln. 140. [See 7'u Dk- 
rcH, and To Embalm.] v.a. [imaginer, Fr.] 
To fancy ; to paint in the mind. Shakspeare. To 
scheme; to contrive. Psalm xxi. 

DMA GINER, e-mad -jin-or. 98. m.s. One who forms 
ideas. Bacon. 

IMA'GINING* o-mad'-jln-ing. w.s. Fancy; imagin- 
ation. Shakspeare. 

To \ M BA L M*. See To Embalm. 

OKBA'RGO* See Embargo. 

Tfc IMBA'RK*. See To Embark. 

IMBA'RMENT*. See ToEmbar. 

To IMBA'RN*, fm-bara'. v. a. To lay up in a barn. 
Herbert. 

To IMBASE*. See To Embase. 

To IMBA'SE* Im-base'. v. n. To sink in value. 
Hales. 

To IMBA'STARDIZE* im-bas'-tar-dlze. v. a. To 
convict of being a bastard, or degenerate. Milton. 

To 1MBATHE*, im-baTHe'. v. a. To bathe all 
over. Milton. 

IMBECILE §, im-bes'-sil, or Im-be-seel'. 140, 112. a. 
[imhrrilis, Lat.] Weak ; feeble ; wanting strength 
of either mind or body. Bar-row. 

£CT Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, and Entick, ac- 
cent this word on the second syllable, as in the Latin 
imbecilis ; but Mr. Scott and Mr. Sheridan on the last, 
as in the French imbecille. The latter is, in my opin- 
ion, the more fashionable, but the former more analo- 
gical. We have too many of these French-sounding 
words ; and if the number cannot be diminished, they 
should, at least, not be suffered to increase. 

This word, says Dr. Johnson, is corruptly written embez- 
zle. This corruption, however, is too well established 
to be altered ; and as it is appropriated to a particular 
species of deficiency, the corruption is less to be re- 
gretted. W. 

To IMBE'CILE, Im-bes'-sil, or im-be-s&l'. v. a. To 

weaken a stock or fortune by clandestine expenses 

or unjust appropriations ; simply, to weaken. Bv. 

Tail lor. 
IMBECILITY, Im-be-silMe-te. n. s. Weakness; 

feebleness of mind or body. Hooker. 
IMBE DDED*. See Embedded. 
IMBE'LLICK* Ira-bel'-litf. a. [in and bellicus, Lat.] 

Not warlike. Junius. 
To EMBEZZLE*. See To Embezzle. 
IMBE'ZZLEMENT*. See Embezzlement. 
To IMBIBE iJm-blbe'. v.a, [imbibo, Lat.] To drink 

in ; to draw in. Brown. To admit into the mind. 

Hammond. To drench ; to saturate ; to soak. 

Neivton. 
lMRl'BER, Im-bl'-bur. 98. n. s. That which drinks 

or sucks. Arbuthnot. 
IMBIBITION, Im-he-bish'-un. n. s. [Fr.] The act 

of sucking or drinking in. Bacon. 
To EMBITTER, Im-blt'-lfir. 98. v. a. [from bitter.] 

To make bitter. To deprive of pleasure ; to make 

unhappy. Addison. To exasperate. 
IMBITTERER*, im-bit'-tur-ur. n. s. That which 

makes bitter. Johnson. 
To IMBLA'ZON §*. See To Emblazon. 
ToIMBO'DYS, nn-b&d'-de. v. a. [from body.] To 

condense to a body. To invest with matter ; to 

make corporeal. l)njden. To bring together into 

one mass or company ; to incorporate. ShaJcspeare. 

To enclose. Woodward. 
To IMBO'DY, ?m-bod / -de. v. n. To unite into one 

mass ; to coalesce. Milton. 
To IMBOTL, Im-bo'H'. v. n. [from boil.] To exestu- 

ale ; to effervesce. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To IMBCLDEN, lm-b6l'-d'n. 103. v. a. To raise to 

confidence ; to encourage. Shakspeare. 
IMBO'NITY*, im-b&n'-e-te. n. s. [in and bonilas, 

Lat.] Want of goodness. Burton. 
To IMBO'RDER* im-bdr'-dur. v. a. To terminate ; 

to bound. Milton. 
To IMBO'SK*, Im-b6sk'. v. n. [imboscare, ltal.] To 

lie concealed. Milton. 
To IMBO'SK*, im-bdsk'. v. a. To conceal ; to hide. 
Skelton. 



To IMBO'SS*. See To Emboss. 

To IMBO'SOM, hn-bdo'-i \m. 1G9. v. a. To hold on 
the bosom ; to cover fondly with the folds of one's 
garment. Milton. To admit to the heart, or to af- 
fection. Sidney. 

To IMBO'UND, mi-bound'. 312. v.a. [from bound.] 
To enclose ; to shut in. Shakspeare. 

ToIMBO'VVUm-b6u'. 322. v.a. [from bow.] To 
arch ; to vault. Bacon. 

To IMBO'WEIX See To Embowel. 

To IMBO'WER, im-bo&'-ur. 322. v. a. To cover 
with a bower ; to shelter with trees. Sandys. 
i TolMBO'WER*,im-b6u'-ur.r.tt.See To Embower. 

IMBO'WMENT, mi-bou-'-ment. n.s. Arch; vault. 

Bacon. 
I To IMBO'X*, ?m-b&ks'. v. a. To shut or close up as 
in a box. Cotgrave. 

To IMBRA'ID*. See To Embraid. 
I To IMBRA'NGLE, mi-brang'gl. v. a. To entangle. 
1 Hudibras. 

IMBRE'D. See Inbred. 

To IMBRE'ED*, im-breed'. &. a. To generate with- 
in ; to produce. Sir E. Sandys. 

IMBRICATE $*, im'-bre-kate. a. [imbricatus, Lat.] 
Laid one under another. Russell. 

IMBRICATED, Im'-bre-ka-ted. a. Indented with 
concavities; bent and hollowed like a roof or gut- 
ter-tile. 

IMBRICATION, im-bre-ka'-shun. n. s. [imbrex, 
Lat.] Concave indenture. Derham. 

To IMBRO'WN, im-brc-un'. v. a. To make brown ; 
to darken; to obscure ; to cloud. Milton. 

To IMBRU'E, lm'-br66. 339. v. a. [from in and brue.] 
To steep ; to soak ; to wet much or long. Spenser. 
To pour ; to emit moisture. Spenser. 
| To IMBRUTE §, Im-brfiot'. 339. v. a. [from brute.] 
To degrade to brutality. Bp. Reynolds. 

To IMBRUTE, ?m-br66t'. v.n. To sink down to bru- 
tality. Milton. 

To IMBU'E. Im-bu'. 335. v. a. [imbuo, Lat.] To 
tincture deep ; to imbibe or soak with aay liquor or 
die. Sandys. 

7MM'BURSE,lm-burse'. v.a. [bourse, Fr.] To stock 
with money.. 

IMIT ABILITY, im-e-ta-bil'-e-te. n.s. [imitabilis, 
Lat.] The quality of being imitable. Norris. 

IMITABLEy,mV-e-ta-bl. 405. a. Worthy of being 
imitated ; deserving to be copied. Raleigh. Possi- 
ble to be imitated ; within reach of imitation. Atter- 
bury. 

To IMITATE, W-e-tate. 91. v. a. [imiior, Lat.] To 
copy ; to endeavour to resemble. Bacon. To coun- 
terfeit. Dryden. To pursue the course of a com- 
position, so as to use parallel images and examples. 
Gay. 

IMITATION, Im-me-ta'-shun. n. s. [bnitatio, Lat.] 
The act of copying ; attempt to resemble. That 
which is offered as a copy. Dnjden. A method of 
translating looser than paraphrase, in which modern 
examples and : llustrations are used for ancient, or 
domestick for foreign. Dryden. 

IMITATIVE, im'-e-ta-tlv. 512. d. [imitativus, Lat.] 
Inclined to copy ; as, Man is an imitative being. 
Aiming at resemblance ; as, Painting is an imita- 
tive art. Formed after some original. Dryden. 

IMITATOR,' W-e-ta-tur. 98, 166. n. s. [Lat.] One 
that copies another; one that endeavours to re- 
semble another. Dryden. 

IMITATORSHIP*, im'-e-ta-tor-shlp. n. s. The of- 
fice or employment of an imitator. Marston. 

IMMA'CULATEy, im-mak'-ku-late.91.a. [immacu- 
latus, Lat.] Spotless ; pure ; undefiled. Hooker. 
Pure ; limpid. Shakspeare. 

IMMA'CULATELY*, im-mak'-u-late-le. ad. With- 
out blemish ; purely. . 

IMMA'CULATENESS*, im-mak^u-late-aes. n.s 
Purity ; innocence. W. Mountague. 

1MMATLED*, fm-mal'd'. a. Wearing mail or ar 
mour. Brown. 

IMMA'LLEABLE*, fm-mal'-e-a-bl. a. [in and mal- 
leus, Lat.] Not to be wroiight upon ; not to be im 
pressed. Memoirs of Sir Edmondbury Godfrey 



IMM 



IMM 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, m<k ;— pine, pin j 



To IMMA'NACLE, Im-man'-na-kl. 405. v. a. [from 
wKwiac&J To fetter; to confine. Milton. 

IMMA'NES, im-mane'. a. [imrnanis, Lat.] Vast; 
prodigiously great. Cruel ; wild. Sheldon. 

IMMA'NELY*, Im-mane'-le. ad. Monstrously ; cru- 
elly. Milton. 

FMMANENCY^im'-ma-nen-se. n.s. [in and ma- 
neo, Lat.] Internal dwelling. Pearson. 

IMMANENT, W-ma-nent. a. [immanent, Fr.] In- 
trinsick; inherent; internal. Glanville. 

IMMA'NIFEST, im-man'-ne-f&t. a. Not manifest ; 
not plain. Brown. Ob. J. 

IMMA'NITY, im-man'-ne-te. n. s. [immanitas, Lat.] 
Barbarity; savageness. Shakspeare. 

IRfMARCE'SSlBLEjm-mar-ses'-se-bl. a. [in and 
marcesco, Lat.] Unfading. Bp. Hall. 

IMMARTIAL, fm-mar'-shal. 88. a. Not warlike. 
Chapman. 

To IMMA'SK. im-mask'. v. a. [in and mast] To 
cover ; to disguise. Sliakspeare. 

IMMA'TCHABLE*, im-matsh'-a-bl. a. Not matcha- 
ble ; peerless. Mirror for Magistrates. 

IMMATERIAL $, im-ma-te'-re-al. a. [immateriel, 
Fr. ; in and materia, Lat.] Incorporeal ; distinct 
from matter ; void of matter. Hooker. Unimpor- 
tant; without weight; impertinent; without rela- 
tion. 

IMMATERIALITY, Im-ma-te-re-al'-e-te. n. s. In- 
corporeity; distinctness from body or matter. Bp. 
Taylor. 

DlMATERIALLYjm-ma-le'-re-al-e. ad. In a man- 
ner not depending upon matter. Brown. 

IMMATE RIALIST*, im-ma-te'-re-al-lst. n. s. One 
who professes immateriality. Swift. 

IMMATERIALIZED, Im-ma-te'-re-al-lzU 359. a. 
Distinct from matter ; incorporeal. Glanville. 

IMMATER1ALNESS, Im-ma-te'-re-al-ngs. ». s. 
Distinctness from matter. 

IMMATERIATE, fm-ma-te'-re-ate. 91. a. Not con- 
sisting of matter ; incorporeal ; wanting body. Ba- 
con. 

IMMATURE §, Im-ma-tare'. a. [immaturus, Lat.] 
Not ripe. Dr. Jackson. Not perfect; not arrived 
at fulness or completion. Bacon. Hasty ; early ; 
come to pass before the natural time. Burton. 

IMMATURELY, mi-ma-ture'-le. ad. Too soon ; too 
early ; before ripeness or completion. Sir T. Her- 
bert. 

IMMATURENESS, fm-ma-ture'-ngs. \ n. s. Un- 

IMMATURITYjm-ma-tu'-re-te. \ ripeness; 
incompleteness ; a state short of completion. Mil- 
ton. 

IMMEABFLITY Jm-me-a-bil'-e-te. n.s. [immeabilis, 
Lat.] Want of power to pass. Arbidhnot. 

IMMEASURABLE 6, irn-mezh'-a-ra-bl. a. Im- 
mense ; not to be measured ; indefinitely extensive. 
Hooker. 

IMMEASURABLY, fm-mezh'-u-ra-ble. ad. Im- 
mensely; beyond all measure. Spenser. 

IMMEA'SURED*, fm-mezh'-ur'd. a. Exceeding 
common measure. Spenser. 

IMMECHA'NICAL/mvme-kan'-ne-kal. a. Not ac- 
cording to the laws of mechanicks. Cheyne. 

IMMEDIACY, im-me'-de-a-se, or fm-me'-je-a-se. 
293. n. s. [from immediate.] Personal greatness ; 
power of acting without dependence. Shakspeare. 

IMMEDIATE §, Im-me'-de-at.gi.a. [in and medius, 
Lat.] Being in such a state, with respect to some- 
thing else, as that there is nothing between them ; 
proximate. Burnet. Not acting by second causes. 
Abbot. Instant; present with regard to time. 
Shakspeare. 

§£f This word and its compounds are often, and not im- 
properly, pronounced as if written im-me-je-ate, im-me- 
je-ate-ly, &c— For the reaJon9,see Principles, No. 293, 
294,376. W. 

IMMEDIATELY, Im-me'-de-at-le. ad. Without the 
intervention of any other cause or event. South. 
Instantly; at the time present; without delay. 
Sliakspeare. 

IMME DIATENESS, Im-me'-de-at-nis. n. s. Pres- 



Exemption from second 



ence with regard to time. 
or intervening causes. 

IMMEDICABLE, Im-mSd'-de-ka-bl. a. [immedica 
bilis, LatJ Not to be healed ; incurable. Milton. 

IMMELODIOUS*, im-mc-lo'-de-fis. a. Not melodi- 
ous; unmusical. Drummond. 

IMME'MORABLE, fm-mem'-mi-ra-bl. a. [immem- 
orabilis, Lat.] Not worth remembering ; unworthy 
of remembrance. Huloet. 

IMMEMORIAL §, im-me-mo'-re-al. a. [in and me- 
moria, Lat.] Past time of memory ; so ancient that 
the beginning cannot be traced. Hale. 

IMMEMORIALLY*, im-me-mo'-re-al-le. ad. Be- 
yond memory. Bentley. 

IMME'NSE §, fm-mc'nse'. a. [immensus, Lat.] Un- 
limited ; unbounded ; infinite. Milton. 

IMMENSELY, Im-menseMe. ad. Infinitely; with- 
out measure. Bentley. 

IMME'NSENESSVfm-mense'-n&s. n. s. Unbounded 
greatness. More. 

IMMENSITY, hn-meV-se-te. n. s. [immensite, Fr.] 
Unbounded greatness ; infinity. Locke. 

IMMENSURABFL1TY, im-men-sha-ra-bil'-e-te. 
452. n. s. Impossibility to be measured. 

IMMEASURABLE §, im-men'-shu-ra-bl. a. [in 
and mensurabilis, Lat.] Not to be measured. 

IMME'NSURATE*, Im-men'-shu-rate. a. Unmeas- 
ured. W. Mountague. 

To IMMERGE, fm-merdjV. v. a. [immergo, Lat.] 
To put under water. To keep in a state of intel- 
lectual depression. Bp. Taylor. 

FMMERIT$,frTi-meV-lt. n. s. [immerito, Lat.] Want 
of worth ; want of desert. Suckling. 

IMME RITED*, Im-mer'-'it-gd. a. Not deserved. K. 
Charles. 

IMMERITOUS*, im-meV-it-us. a. Undeserving; of 
no value. Milton. 

To IMMERSE $, Im-me , rse / . v. a. [immersus, Lat.] 
To put under water. To sink or cover deep. Dry- 
den. To keep in a state of intellectual depression. 
Addison, 

IMMERSE, im-mgrse'. a. Buried; covered; sunk 
deep. Bacon. 

IMMERSION, im-mer'-shfin. 452. n. s. [immersio, 
Lat.] The act of putting any body into a fluid be- 
low the surface. Addison. The state of sinking be- 
low the surface of a fluid. Tr. of Buffon. The 
state of being overwhelmed or lost in any respect. 
After bury. 

IMMETHODICAL§, Im-me-tfiod'-e-kal. a. [in and 
methodical.] Confused; being without regularity; 
being without method. Burton. 

IMMETHODICALLY, fm-me-tfjod'-e-kal-le. ad. 
Without method; without order. More. 

IMMETHODICALNESS*, ?m-me-</ifld'-e-kaI-n&i. 
n.s. Want of method or order; confusion. 

To IMME'W*. See To Emmew. 

To FMMIGRATE §*, im'-me-grate. v. n. [immigro, 
Lat.] To enter or pass into ; to go to dwell in some 
place. Cockeram. 

IMMIGRATION* im-me-gra'-shfin. n. s. An en- 
tering or passing into a place. Warton. 

FMMINENCE,im'-me-n£nse. n. s. Any ill impend- 
ing ; immediate or near danger. Shakspeare. 

FMMINENT$, Im'-me-n^nt. a. [imminens, Lat.] 
Impending; at hand; threatening. Hooker. 

To IMMFNGLE, ?m-mmg'-gl. v. a. To mingle ; to 
mix ; to unite. Thomson. 

IMMINU'TION, im-me-no'-shan. n. s. [imminuo, 
Lat.] Diminution; decrease. Bp. Cosin. 

IMMISCIBFLITY, Jm-mfe-se-bfi'-e-te. n.s. Inca- 
pacity of being mingled. 

IMMFSCIBLE $, im-imV-se-bl. 405. a. [in and mis- 
cible.] Not capable of being mingled. Ricliard- 

507?.. 

IMMFSSION§, fm-mish'-fln. n.s. [immissio, Lat.] 

The act of sending in ; contrary to emission. Bp. 

Hall. 
To IMMFT, fm-imY. v. a. [immitto, Lat.) To send 

in; to inject. Greenhill. 
IMMI TIG ABLE*, im-nnV-e-ga-bl. a. [in and mili- 

go, Lat.] Not to be softened. Harris. 



IMM 



IMP 



-n6, move, nor, n6t ;— ti\be, tfib, boll ;— 6ll j— pSund ;—tlim, ti 



To lMAirX$, ?m-m?ks'. p. a. [in and mix.] To 

mingle. Bp. Reynolds. 
MMrXABLE, lm-m?ks'-a-bi. 405. a. Impossible to 

be mingled. Wilkins. 
IMM1 XT*, lm-mikst'. a. [immijctas, Lat.] Unmix- 
ed. Sir T. Herbert. 

IMMOBILITY, im-mO-bil'-e-te. n. s. [immobility, 
Fr.] Unmovableness; want of motion; resistance 
to motion. Avbnthnot. 

IMMO DERACY* Im-mdd'-der-a-se. n.s. Excess. 
Brown, 

IMMO DERATE $, ?m-m&d'-der-at. 91. a. [immode- 
ratus, Lat.] Excessive ; exceeding- the due mean. 
Rait. 

IMMO DERATELY, im-m&d'-der-rat-le. ad. In an 
excessive decree. Shakspeare. 

131 MO DERATENESS*, im-mod'-der-at-ne*. n. s. 
Want of moderation. Shelford. 

DIMODERA'TION.im-mod-der-a'-shfin. n.s. Want 
of moderation ; excess. Hammond. 

IMMODEST^, im-mod'-dest. a. [immodeste,¥r.] 
Wanting - shame; wanting delicacy or chastity. 
Shakspeare. Unchaste ; impure. Dryden. Ob- 
scene. Shakspeare. Unreasonable; exorbitant; 
arrogant 

IMMODESTLY*, Im-mod'-dest-le. ad. In a shame- 
less or immodest manner. Wotton. 

DIMO'DESTY, Im-m&d'-des-te. n.s. Want of deli- 
cacy ; impudence. Wctton. Want of modesty ; 
indecency. Pope. 

To I'3LMOLATE§, im'-m6-late. 91. v. a. [immolo, 
Lat.] To sacrifice ; to kill in sacrifice. Boijle. To 
offer in sacrifice. Sir T. Herbert. 

13LMOL ACTION, Im-mO-Ia'-shim. n. s. The act of 
sacrificing. Brown. A sacrifice offered. Decay of 
Piety. 

I'MMOLATOR*, mV-m6-la-tur. n. s. One that of- 
fers in sacrifice. Huloet. 

LMMO'3IENT$, Im-m6 / -ment. a. [in and moment.'] 
Trifling; of no importance or value. Shakspeare. 
A barbarous word. 

DDIOME'NTOUS*, im-m6-men / -tus. a. Unimpor- 
tant. Seward. 

131310'RAL $, nn-mor'-ral. 88, 168. a. [in and mor- 
al.] Wanting regard to the laws of natural religion. 
Contrary- to honesty; dishonest. 

IM3IORALITY, Im-mo-ral'-e-te. n.s. Dishonesty; 
want of virtue ; contrariety to virtue. Swift. 

I3LMORI GEROUS §*, im-m6-rid'-jer-fis."a. [im- 
morigenis, Lat.] Disobedient; rude; uncivil. 
Stackluntse. 

lALUORI'GEROUSNESS*. mi-mo-rid'-jer-us-nes. 
n.s. Disobedience. Bp. Taylor. 

IMMO'RTAL^fm-mdr'-tal. 88. a. [immortatis .Lat.] 
Exempt from death ; being never to die. 1 Tim. i. 
Never ending ; perpetual. Shakspeare. 

I3i3IORTA / LITY. im-mdr-tal'-e-te. n. s. Exemp- 
tion from death; life never to end. 1 Corinth. Ex- 
emption from oblivion. 

I3DIORTA LIZA'TION*, im-mor-tal-e-za'-shltn. 
n. s. An immortalizing. 

To IAIAIO'RTALIZE, fm-moV-tal-ize. v. a. [immor- 
talise/-, Fr.] To make immortal ; to perpetuate ; 
to exempt from death. Davies. To exempt from 
oblivion. Norris. 

To LMMO'RTALIZE, im-mor'-tal-ize. v. n. To be- 
come immortal. Pope. 

DIMO'RTALLY, Im-mflrMal-e. ad. With exemp- 
tion from death ; without end. 

I3IMORTIF1C A'TION*, im-mSr-te-fe-ka'-shfin . n.s. 
[in and mortification.] Want of subjection of the 
passions. Bp. Taylor. 

D13IOVABILITYMm-m5<iv-a-b?l'-e-le. n.s. Inca- 

{ lability of being removed. 
MOVABLES, mi-m66V-a-bl. a. [in and mora- 
ble.] Not to be forced from its place. Brown. Not 
liable to be carried away ; real in law. Ayliffe. 
Unshaken; unaffected. Dryden. 
LW310WABLENESS*, frn-m66v'-a-bl-nes.rc. s. The 

state or quality of being immovable. Ash. 
I3I310WABLY, im-mooV-a-ble. ad. In a state not 
to be shaken. Atterbury. 
62 



IAIAIU'ND $*, invmQnd'. a. [immundus, Lat.] Un- 
clean. Burton. Ob. T. 

IAIAIUNDI'CITY*, fm-m&n-drs'-e-te. n. s. [imnwn- 
dicite, FrJ Uncleanness ; impurity. W. Mountagm 

IAIAIU'NITY, im-nnV-ne-te. n. s. [immunitas, Lat.] 
Discharge from any obligation. Hooker. Privi- 
lege ; exemption from onerous duties. Sidney. 
Freedom. Brown. 

To lAIMU'RE §, Im-mure'.v. a. [in and mums, Lat.] 
To enclose within walls; to confine; to shut up; 
to imprison. SItakspeare. 

IMAIU'RE, im-mure'. n. s. A wall ; an enclosure. 
Shakspeare. 

lAIAIU'SICAL, im-miV-ze-ka]. 88. a. [in and musi- 
cal.] Inharmonious ; wanting proportion of sound. 
Bacon. 

IMMUTABILITY, fm-mft-ta-bil'-e-te. n.s. Exemp- 
tion from change; invariableness ; unchangeable 
ness. Heb. vi. 

IM3IU"TABLE§, im-imV-ta-bl. 405. a. [immul.abilis, 
Lat.] ' Unchangeable; invariable; unalterable. 
Heb. vi. 

IMMU'TABLENESS*, im-unV-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Un- 
chanofeableness. 

BIMU*TABLY, fm-ma'-ta-ble. ad. Unalterably ; in- 
variably; unchangeably. Boyle. 

DIMUTA'TION*, mi-mu-ta'-shon. n. s. Change ; 
alteration. B'lore. 

I3IP§, imp. n.s. [imp, Welsh.] A graff, scion, or 
sucker. Chaucer. A son ; the offspring ; progeny ; 
a youth. Ld, Cromwell. A subaltern devil ; a puny 
devil. Milton. 

To I31P, Imp. v. a. To plant ; to graft. Chaucer. 
To lengthen or enlarge w-ith any thing adscilitious. 
SItakspeare. 

FAIPACABLE*, Im'-pa-ka-bl. a. [impacalus, Lat.] 
Not to be softened or appeased. Svenser. 

To LMPA'CT, Im-pakt'. ». a. [impactus, Lat.] To 
drive close or hard. WoGdward. 

To IMPA'INT, Jm-pant'. v. a. [in and paint.] To 
paint ; to decorate with colours. Slutkspeare. Ob. J. 

To IMPA'IR§, Im-parc'. v. a. [empirer, Fr.] To di- 
minish ; to injure; to make worse. Hooker. 

To IAIPATR, Im-pare / . v. n. To be lessened or worn 
out. Spenser. 

I31PATR, im-pare'. n. a. Diminution; decrease. 
Brown. Ob. J. 

P3IPAIR*, fm-pare'. a. [impar, Lat.] Unsuitable. 
Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

IAIPATRER* im-pare'-dr. n.s. That which impairs. 
Warhurton. 

IMPA'IRMENT, im-pare'-ment. n. s. Diminution ; 
injury. Carat: 

I3IPALATABLE* Im-pal'-a-la-bl. a. [in and pala- 
table.] Not suitable to the palate ; not pleasing to 
the taste. 

To IMPALE*. See To Empale. 

To I31PALLID*, Im-pal'-lld. p. a. [pallidus, Lat.] 
To make pale. Pel/ham. 

To 13IPAL31*, fm-pam 7 . v. a. [i?t and puhna, Lat.] 
To seize or take into the hand ; to grasp. Cot- 
grare. 

IMPALPABILITY*, fm-pal-pa-bil'-e-te. n. s. The 
state or quality of not being perceived by touch. 
Jortin. 

IMPALPABLE*, rm-pal'-pa-bJ. 405. a. [in and 
palpable.] Not to be perceived by touch. Boyle. 
Not coarse or gross. Warion. 

IMPA'NATE §*, fm-pan'-at. a. [in and panis, Lat.] 
Imbodied in bread. Abp. Oranmer. 

To IAIPA'NATE*, fm-pan'-at. p. a. To imbody 
with bread. Water land. 

IMPANA'TION*, fm-pa-na'-shfin. n. s. [impanatus, 
low Lat.] A supposed subsistence of the body of 
Christ with the species of bread in the Lord's Sup- 
per. Abp. Cranmer. See Consubstantiation. 
IAIPA'NNEL*. See Empannel. 

To IAIPA'RADISE, im-par'-a-dlse. v. a. [impara- 
disare, ltal.] To put in a place or state resembling 
paradise in felicity. Sidney. 
IAIPA'RALLELED*, Im-par'-al-leld. a. Not to be 
paralleled; unmatched. Burnet. 
' 489 



IMP 



IMP 



QjP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;- 



IMPARDONABLE* fm-par'-dn-a-bl. a. [in and 
pardonable.] Irremissible. South. 

IMPA'RITY, nn-par'-e-te. n. s. [imparilas, impar, 
Lat.] Inequality ; disproportion. Bacon. Oddness; 
indivisibility into equal parts. Brown. Difference 
in degree either of rank or excellence. Abp. San- 
croft. 
To IMPA'RK, im-park'. 81. v. a. To enclose with a 
park', to sever from a common. See To Empark. 

IMPARLANCE*. See Emparlance. 

To IMPA'RT §, im-part 7 . v. a. [impertio, Lat.] To 
grant ; to give. Dryden. To make known ; to 
show by words or tokens. Bacon. To communi- 
cate; to grant as to a partaker. MiUon. 

IMPA RTIAL§, im-par'-shal. 88. a. [impartial Fr.] 
Equitable; free from regard to party ; indifferent; 
disinterested; equal in distribution of justice; just. 
Dryden. 

IMPA'RTIALIST^fm-par'-shatfst. n.s. One who 
is impartial. Boyle. 

IMPARTIALITY, mi-par-she-al'-e-te. n.s. Equi- 
tableness; justice; indifference. South. 

IMPARTIALLY, Im-par'-shal-e. ad. Equitably; 
with indifferent and unbiassed judgement; justly; 
honestly. South. 

IMPARTIBLE,. im-part'-e-bl. 405. a. [impartible, 
Fr.] Communicable ; to be conferred or bestowed. 
Digby. 

IMPX'RTMENT*, im-part'-ment. n.s. Communica- 
tion of knowledge ; disclosure. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

IMPASSABLE Mm-pas'-sfi-bl. 405. a. [in and pas- 
sable.] Not to be passed; not admitting passage; 
impervious. Raleigh. 

1MPASSABLENESS*, lm-pas'-sa-bl-nes. n, s. In- 
capability of admitting passage. 

IMPASSIBILITY, hn-pas-se-bil'-e-te. n. s. [impas- 
sibility, Fr.] Exemption from suffering ; insuscep- 
tibility of injury from external things. Hales. 

IMPASSIBLE Mm-pas'-se-bl. 405. a. [impassible, 
Fr.] Incapable of suffering; exempt from the 
agencv of external causes ; exempt from pain. Sir 
f.Elvoi. 

IMPASSlBLENESS, Im-jSaV-se-bl-nes. n. s. Im- 
passibility; exemption from pain. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. 

To IMPASSIONS, un-pash'-fin. v. a. To move with 
passion ; to affect strongly. Milton. 

IMPASSION ATE*, hn-pash'-fin-ate. a. Strongly 
affected. Without feeling; free from passion Bur- 
ton. 

To IMPASSIONATE*, Im-pash'-an-ate. v. a. To 
affect powerfully. More. 

IMPASSIVE ^/im-pas'-slv. 158. a. Exempt from 
the agency of external causes. Dryden. 

IMPA'SSIVENESS*, im-paV-s?v-nes. n. s. The 
state of being impassive. W. Mountague. 

IMPASTA'TION^fm-pas-ta'-shan. n. s. A mixture 
of divers materials ot different colours and con- 
sistencies, baked or bound together with some ce- 
ment, and hardened either by the air or fire. 
Chambers. 

To IMPASTE §, Im-paste'. v. a. [empasler, Fr.] 
To knead or make into dough or paste; to paste. 
Shak. [In painting.] To lay on colours thick and 
bold. 

IMPATIBLE*, im-paV-e-bl. a. Intolerable ; not to 
be borne. 

IMPATIENCES Im-pa'-shense. 463. n.s. [impa- 
iientia, Lat.] Inability to suffer pain ; rage under 
suffering. Shtk. Vehemence of temper ; heat of 
passion. Shak. Inability to suffer delay; eager- 
ness. Shakspeare. 

IMPA / TIENT,lm-pa / -shent.463. a. [impatiens, Lat.] 
Not able to endure; incapable to bear. Pope. 
Furious with pain ; unable to bear pain. Dryden. 
Vehemently agitated by some painful passion. Bp. 
Taylor. Hot ; hasty. Addison. Eager ; ardently 
desirous ; not able to endure delay. Dryden. Not 
to be borne. Spenser. 
IMPATIENT*, Im-pa'-shent. n.s. One who is not 

able to bear pain. Sexsonable Serm. 
IMPATIENTLY, Im-pa'-shent-le. ad. With rage 



under uneasiness. Drayton. Passionately; ar- 
dently. Clarendon. Eagerly; with great desire. 

IMPATRONIZATION*, InVpat-ron-e-za'-shfin 
n. s. An absolute mastery, seigniory, or posses- 
sion of. Cotg-rave. 

To IMPATRONIZES, Im-pat'-rfin-lze. v.a. [im- 
patroniser, Fr.] To gain to one's self the power of 
any seigniory. Bacon. 

To IMPA'WN, hn-pawn'. v. a. To impignorate ; to 
pawn ; to give as a pledge ; to pledge. Shak. 

7MMPE'ACH§, im-peetsh'. v.a. [empecher,Fv.] 
To hinder: to impede. Davies. To accuse by 
publick authority. Swift. To bring into question. 
Shakspeare. 

IMPEACH, fai-peetsh'. n.s. Hinderance ; let; im- 
pediment. Shakspeare. 

IMPEACHABLE, Im-peetsh'-a-bl. «. Accusable ; 
chargeable. Grew. 

IMPEACHER, 5m-peetsh'-ur. 98. n. s. An accuser; 
one who brings an accusation against another. 
Government of the Tongue. 

IMPEACHMENT, Im-peetsh'-ment. n.s. Hin- 
derance; let ; impediment; obstruction. Spenser. 
Publick accusation ; charge preferred. Shak. Im- 
putation; reproach. Shakspeare. 

To IMPE'ARL. Im-perl'. v. a. [emperler, Fr.] To 
form in resemblance of pearls. Milton. To deco- 
rate as with pearls. Digby. 

IMPECCABILITY, Im-pek-ka-bn'-e-te. n.s. Ex- 
emption from sin ; exemption from failure. Pope. 

IMPECCABLE §, mi-peV-ka-bl. 405. a. [impecca- 
ble, Fr.] Exempt from possibility of sin. Bp. Hall. 

IMPE'CCANCY*, im-pek'-kan-se. n. s. Impeccabil- 
ity. Wdtei-house. 

To IMPE'DE^m-pede'.u.a. [impedio,LaL] To hin- 
der ; to let ; to obstruct. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

IMPEDIMENT §, Im-ped'-e-ment. n. s. [impedimen- 
tum, Lat.] Any obstruction to passage. To retard 
the progress of an enemy : a military term. Ju- 
dith. Hinderance ; let ; obstruction ; opposition. 
Sidney. 

To IMPEDIMENT*, im-ped'-e-ment. d. a. To ob- 
struct ; to hinder. Bp. Reynolds. 

IMPEDIMENTAL*, Im-ped-e-men'-tal. a. Hinder- 
ing; causing obstruction. W. Mountague. 

To FMPEDITE*, ifm'-pe-dlte. v. n. [impedio, impedi- 
tus. Lat J To retard ; to obstruct. Maijnwaring. 

IMPEDPTION* Im-pe-dish'-on. n. s. Hinderance. 
Cockeram. 

FMPEDITIVE*, W-pe-de-tlv. a. Causing hin- 
derance ; havingpower to obstruct. Bp. Sanderson. 

To IMPE'L §, Im-pel'. v. a. [impello, Lat.] To drive 
on towards a point ; to urge forward ; to press on. 
Drtiden. 

IMPELLENT, Im-p&Ment. n.s. An impulsive 

f tower ; a power that drives forward. Hammond. 
PE'LLER*, im-pel'-lfir. n. s. One that impels. 

South. 
To IMPEN*, fm-pen'. v. a. [from pen.] To shut up; 

to enclose in a narrow place. Feltham. 
To IMPENDS, im-pend'. v. n.'[impendeo, Lat.] To 

hang over. Pope. To be at hand; to press nearly. 

Smalridge. 
IMPENDENCE, im-pen'-dense. n. s. The state of 

hanging over ; near approach. Hale. 
IMPENDENCY*, ?m-pen'-den-se. n. s. The state 

of hanging over. Hammond. 
IMPENDENT, fm-pen'-dent. a. Imminent; hang- 
ing over ; pressing closely. Hale. 
IMPENETRABILITY, im-pen-e-tra-bn'-e-te. n. s. 

Quality of not being pierceable, or permeable. 

Newton. Insusceptibility of intellectual impres- 
sion. 
IMPENETRABLE §. im-pen'-e-tra-bl. a. [impene- 

trabilis, Lat.] Not to be pierced ; not to be entered 

by any external force. Sir T. Elyot. Impervious; 

not admitting entrance. Dryden. Not to be taught; 

not to be informed. Not to be affected ; not to be 

moved. Shakspeare. 
IMPENETRABLENESS*, ?m-pen'-e-tra-bl-nes. 

n. s. The state of being impenetrable. Ash. 
IMPENETRABLY, fm-pen'-e-tra-ble. ad. With 
490 



IM1 



IMP 



-n6, move, ndr, nftt ;— tube, tub, bull 5 — oil ;— pdund •, — thm, thi 



hardness to a degree incapable of impression. Dean 

Kino-. 

IMPE'NITENCE, im-peV-e-tfnse. ) n. s. Obdura- 
IMPE'NITENCY, Im-pen'-e-ten-se. \ cy : want of 

remorse for crimes; final disregard of God s threat- 

en'mgs or mercy. South. 
IMPENITENT $, Im-pe'n'-e-tem. a. [impenitent, Fr.] 

Finally negligent of the duty of repentance ; obdu- 
rate. Hooker. 
IMPE'NITENT*, Im-pen'-e-tent. n.s. One who neg- 
lects the duty of repentance. Hammond. 
IMPENITENTLY, im-peV-e-tSnt-le. ad. Obdu- 
rately ; without repentance. Hammond. 
IMPE'lVNOUS, Im-peV-nus. 314. a. [in and penna, 

Lat.] Wanting wings. Brown. 
To IAIPE'OPLE*, fm-pe'-pl. v. a. To form into a 

community. Beaumont. 
IiMPERATE §, fm'-pe-rate. 91. a. [imperatvs, Lat.] 

Done with consciousness ; done by direction of the 

mind. South. 
IMPERATIVE, fm-peV-ra-tlv. a. [imperatims, 

Lat.] Commanding 5 expressive of command. 

Norris. 
IMPERATD7ELY, fm-peV-a-tiv-le. ad. In a com- 
manding style ; authoritatively. 
IMPERATORIAL*, im-pgr-a-tc-'-re-al. a. [impera- 

torius. Lat.] Commanding. Norris. 
IMPERCEPTIBLE $, im-pgr-sep'-te-bl. a. [Fr.] 

Not to be discovered ; not to be perceived ; small ; 

subtile. Hale. 
IMPERCEPTIBLE*, im-per-s^p'-te-bl. re. s. That 

which is not immediately perceived or discovered 

on account of its smallness. Toiler . 
IMPERCERTIBLENESS, im-pgr-sey-te-bl-ngs. 

n. s. The quality of eluding observation. Hale. 
IMPERCEPTIBLY, im-pgr-sey-le-ble. ad. In a 

manner not to be perceived. Addison. 
IMPERCFPIENT*, Im-peWp'-e-ent. a. [in and 

percipient] Not perceiving; not having the power 

of perception. Baxter. 
IMPERDIBFLITY^m-pgr-de-bfP-e-te. n.s. State 

or quality of being imperdible. 
IMrERDlBLE§*, fm-peV-de-bl. a. [imperditus, 

Lat.l Not to be destroved or lost. Fellham. 
1M PERFECT Mm-peV-'-fgkt. a. [imperfectus, hat] 

Not complete; not absolutely finished ; defective. 

Bacon. Frail; not completely good : as, Our best 



*. Im-peV-fe'kt. v. a. To make im- 



worship is imperfect, 

To IMPERFECT*, lm-p& 
perfect. Brovcn. Ob. T. 

IMPERFECTION, hn-pgr-fek'-shun. n.s. Defect; 
failure ; fault, whether physical or moral. Hooker. 

IMPERFECTLY, im-peV-fekt-le. ad. Not complete- 
ly; not fully ; not without failure. Stepneij. 

IMFERFECTNESS*, nn-peV-fSkt-ngs. n. s. Fail- 
ure ; defect. Mannyngham. 

IMPERFORABLE, Im-peV-fo-ra-bl. a. Not to be 
bored through. 

IMPERFORATES, ?m-peV-f6-rate. a. [in and per- 
foraf.us, Lat.] Not pierced through ; without a 
hole. Sharp. 

IMPERFORATED*, im-peV-f6-ra-ted. a. Closed 
up. Broun. 

LMPERFORA'TION* fm-peWi-ra'-shun. n.s. The 
state of being closed. 

IMPERIAL f, im-pe'-re-al. 88. a. [imperials, Lat.] 
Royal ; possessing royalty. Sluxk. Betokening 
royalty; marking sovereignty. Shak. Belonging 
to an emperour or monarch ; regal ; royal ; mo- 
narchical. Dryden. 

IMPERIALIST, Im-pe'-re-al-ist. n. s. One that be- 
longs to an emperour. Knolles. 

IMPERIALIZED* fm-pe'-re-al-iz'd. a. Belonging 
to an emperour. Fuller. 

IMPERIALLY*, fm-pe'-re-al-le. ad. In a royal man- 
ner. 

IMPERIALTY*, ?m-pe'-re-al-te. n. s. Imperial 

power. Sheldon. 
To IMPERIL*, im-peV-ril. v. a. To bring into dan- 
ger. B. Jonson. 

IMPERIOUS §, Im-pe'-re-fis. 314. a. [imperiosus, 
Lat.] Commanding; tyrannical; authoritative; 



haughty; arrogant; assuming command. Spenser. 
Powerful; ascendant; overbearing. Tillotson. 

IMPERIOUSLY, Im-pe'-re-fis-le. ad. With arr% 
gance of command ; with insolence of authority. 
Bp. Hall. 

IMPERIOUSNESS, lm-pe'-re-<Ws. n. s. Au- 
thority ; air of command. Sidney. Arrogance of 
command. Locke. 

IMPERISHABLE, Im-peV-rlsh-a-bl. a. [imperissa- 
ble, Fr.] Not to be destroyed. W. Mountague. 

IMPER1WIGGED*, im-per'-e-wig'd. a. [empei-- 
ruque, Fr.] Wearing a periwig. Cotgrave. 

IMPERMANENCE*, im-per'-ma-nense. ) e r . 

IMPERMANENCY*, fm-peV-ma-nen-se. S [ L 
and permanence.] Want of duration ; instability. 
W. Mountague. 

IMPERMEABILITY*, im-per-me-a-bn'-c-te. n. s. 
The state or quality of being impermeable. Philos. 
Transact. 

IMPERMEABLE §*, rm-peV-me-a-bl. a. [in and 
permeable.'] That may not be passed through. Kir- 
wan. 

IMPERSONAL $, im-peV-sun-al. 88. a. [imperso- 
nalis, Lat.] Not varied according to the persons. 
Accidence. 

IMPERSONALITY*, im-per-siin-al'-e-te. n. s. In- 
distinclion of personality. Sir W. Draper. 

IMPERSONALLY, Im-per'-sun-al-e. ad. Accord- 
ing to the manner of an impersonal verb. 

To IMPERSONATE*, nn-peV-sQn-ate. v. a. To 
personify. Warton. 

IMPERSPICUTTY^* im-per-spe-ku'-e-te. n. s.[in 
and perspicuity.] Want of clearness or perspicuity. 
Instructions for Oratory. 

IMPERSPFCUOUSVim-per-spik'-u-us.a. Wanting 
clearness. Bailey. 

IMPERSUA'SIBLE, Im-pgr-swa'-ze-bl. 439. a [in 
and persuasibilis, Lat.] Not to be moved by per- 
suasion. Decay of Piety. 

IMPERTINENCE, !m-peV-te-nense. }n. s. That 

IMPERTINENCY^m-peV-te-ngn-se. $ which is 
of no present weight ; that which has no relation 
to the matter in hand. Bacon. Troublesomeness ; 
intrusion. Woilon. Trifle ; thing of no value. 
Evelyn. Sauciness ; rudeness. Spectator. 

IMPERTINENT §, im-peV-te-nent. a. [in and per- 
tinens, Lat.] Of no relation to the matter in hand ; 
of no weight. Hooker. Importunate; intrusive ; 
meddling. Pearson. Foolish; trifling; negligent 
of the present purpose. Pope. Rude j unmannerly. 
Spectator. 

IMPERTINENT, im-per'-te-ngnt. n.s. A trifler; a 
meddler ; an intruder ; one who inquires or inter- 
poses where he has no right or call. L'Estrange. 
A rude, unmannerly, or saucy person. Specta- 
tor. 

IMPERTINENTLY, Im-peV-te-nent-le. ad. With- 
out relation to the present matter. Sir H. Wotlon. 
Troublesomely ; officiously ; intrusively. Hooker. 
Rudely ; saucily. 

IMPERTRANSIBFLITY, fm-pgr-tran-se-biP-e-te. 
n. s. [in and pertranseo, Lat.] Impossibility to be 
passed through. Hale. 

IMPERTURBABLE^* Im-pgr-tur'-ba-bl. a. [in 
and perturb.] Impossible to be disturbed ; incapa- 
ble of being disturbed. Ash. 

IMPERTURBA'TION*, im-pgr-tur-ba'-shun. n. .-. 
[imperturbatus, Lat.] Calmness ; tranquillity ; free 
dom from perturbation. W. Mountague. 

IMPERTURBED*, im-peV-tur'-bed, or im-pur 
turbd'. a. Undisturbed ; calm. Bailey. 

IMPERVIOUS Mm-peV-ve-fis. 314. a. [impervius, 
Lat.J Unpassable; impenetrable. MiUon. Inac- 
cessible. Pope. 

IMPERVIOUSLY*, Im-peV-ve-us-le. ad. Impene- 



The 



trably; unpassably. 

CRVIOUSNESS, im-r 



IMPERVIOUSNESS, im-peV-ve-us-ne's. re. 

state of not admitting any passage. 
To IMPE'STER*, fm-peV-tur. v. a. [empestrer, Fr.] 

To trouble; to harass; to entangle. Cotgrave. 
IMPETIGINOUS, hn-pe-tld'-jln-us. a. [impetigo, 

Lat.l Scurfy ; covered with small scabs. 
491 



IMP 
















IMP 


03= 559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fall, 


fat 


j — m ^> 


mk 


—pine 


pin)— 



IMPETRABLE, Im'-pe-tra-bl. 405. a. [impetrabilis, 

Lat J Possible to be obtained. Diet. 
To FMPETRATE §, im'-pe-trate. v. a. [impetro, 
Latj To obtain by entreaty. Abp. Usher. 

FMPETRATE*, Im'-pe-trate. part. a. Obtained by 

application or entreaty. Ld. Herbert. 
IMPETRA'TION, im-pe-tra'-shun. n. s. The act of 
obtaining- by prayer or entreaty. Ld. Herbert. 

FMPETRATIVE*, Im'-pe-tra-tlv. a. Able to obtain 
by entreaty. Bp. Hall. 

FMPETRATORY*, Im'-pi tra-tur-e. a. Beseech- 
ing- 3 obtaining by entreaty. Bp. Taylor. 

[MPETUOSIT Y, '/m-petsh-u-6s'-e-te. n. s. Violence ; 
fur}' ; vehemence ; force. Shakspeare. 

IMPE'TUOUS$, im-pgtsh'-u-us. 314, 461. a. [impe- 
tueux, Fr. from impetus, Lat.] Violent 5 forcible ; 
fierce. Prior Vehement of mind 3 passionate. 
Rowe. 

IMPETUOUSLY, im-p&sh'-u-fis-Ie. ad. Violently 5 
vehemently. Drayton. 

IMPE'TUOlTSNESS, frn-petsh'-&-fis-ngs. n. s. Vio- 
lence ; fury. Decay of Piety. 

IMPETUS, W-pe-tus. 503. n. s. [Lat.] Violent 
tendency to any point ; violent effort. Bentley. 

IMPFCTURED*, Im-pik'-tshurd. a. [from pic- 
ture] Painted 3 impressed. Spenser. 

1/MPIER*, W-plre. n. s. Our old word for umpire. 
Huloet. 

To D1PFERCE §*, im-peerse'. v. a. To pierce 
through ; to penetrate. Drayton. 

IMPIE^RCEABLE, Im-pere'-sa-bl. a. Impenetrable. 
Spenser. 

IMPFETY, im-pl'-e-te. n. s. [impietas, Lat.] Irrever- 
ence to the Supreme Being ; contempt of the duties 
of religion. Shale. An act of wickedness 3 expres- 
sion of irreligion. Swift. 

JTo IMPI'GNORATE$, lm-pig/-nd-rate. v. a. [in 
and pio-nus, Lat.] To pawn ; to pledge. 

IMPIGNORA'TION, ?m-p?g-n6-ra/-shun. n. s. The 
act of pawning or putting to pledge. 

7 1 oIMPI / NGE,!m-pinje / . v. n. [impingo, Lat.] To 
fall against ; to strike against j to clash with. Glan- 
ville. 

To IMPFNGUATE, Im-pnig'-gwate. v. a. [in and 
•pinguis, Lat.] To fatten; to make fat. 

FMPIOUSS, Im'-pe-us. 503. a. [impius, Lat.] Irre- 
ligious ; wicked ; profane. Hooker. 

FMPIOUSLY, W-pe-us-le. ad. Profanely; wick- 
edly. Glanville. 

FMPIOUSNESS*, fm'-pe-ns-nes. n. s. Contempt of 
the duties of religion. Sir W. Cornwallis. 

IMPLACABFLITY, lin-pla-ka^blF-e-te. n. s. Inex- 
orableness ; irreconcilable enmity ; unappeasable 
malice. Sir T. Elyot. 

IMPLACABLE §, Im-pla'-ka-bl. '105. [See Pla- 
cable.] a. [implacabilis, Lat.] Not to be pacified ; 
inexorable ; malicious ; constant in enmity. Sliak. 
Admitting no relief or ease ; not to be assuaged. 
Spenser. 

IMPLA'CABLENESS*, nn-pla'-ka-bl-nes.. n. s. 
The stale of being implacable. Ash. 

IMPLA'CABLY, Im-pla'-ka-ble. ad. With malice 
not to be pacified ; inexorably. Clarendon. 

To IMPLANT §, toi-plant'. v. a. [in and planto, Lat.] 
To infix ; to insert ; to place; to ingraft ; to settle; 
to set; to sow. Sidney. 

IMPLANTATION, Im-plan-ta'-shun. 11. s. The act 
of setting; or planting; the act of infixing or settling. 
Sir T. Brown. 

IMPLA'USIBLE^, Jm-plaw'-ze-bl. 439. a. [in and 
plausible] Not specious; not likely to seduce or 
persuade. Barrow. 

IMPLAUSIBLY*, Im-plaw'-ze-ble. ad. Without 

show of probability. 
To IMPLE'ACH*, im-pleetsh'. v. a. [from pleach.-] 

To interweave. Sfia/cspeare. 
To IMPLE'AD §*, Im-pleed'. v. a [emplaider, old 
Fr.] To accuse ; to indict. W. Mountague. 

IMPLE'ADER*, Im-pleed'-ur. n. s. An accuser; 
one who indicts another. Harmar. 

IMPLE ASING* fm-pleez'-lng. a. Not pleasing; 
disagreeable. Overhury. 



To IMPLE'DGE*, fm-pledje'. v. a. To gage ; to 
pawn. Sherwood 

FMPLEMENT, W-ple-ment. n. s. [implementum, 
Lat.] Something that fills up vacancy, or supplies 
wants. Hooker. Instrument of manufacture ; tools 
of a trade ; vessels of a kitchen. Swift. 

IMPLE /r lTON, fm-ple'-sh&n. n.s. [impleo, Lat.] The 
act of filling ; the state of being full. Brown. 

FMPLEX, im'-pleks. a. [implexus, Lat.] Intricate 
entangled; complicated. Addison. 

To FMPLICATE §, ?m'-ple-kate. 91. v. a. [implico 
Lat.] To entangle; to embarrass; to involve. 
Boijle. 

IMPLICATION, fm-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. Involution , 
entanglement. Boyle. Inference not expressed 
but tacitly inculcated. Ayliffe. 

IMPLICATIVE* W-ple-ka-tlv. a. Having impli- 
cation. 

FMPLICATIVELY*, Im'-ple-ka-tlv-le. ad. By im- 
plication. Sir G. Buck. 

1MPLFCIT§, Im-plisMt. a. [implicitus, Lat.] Entan- 
gled ; infolded; complicated. Milton. Inferred; 
tacitly comprised; not expressed. Sotdli. Rest- 
ing upon another; connected with another, over 
which that which is connected to it has no power ; 
trusting without reserve or examination. Bacon. 

IMPLFCITLY, im-phY4t-le. ad. By inference com- 
prised, though not expressed. Bentley. By con 
nexion with something else ; dependency ; with 
unreserved confidence or obedience. Roscommon. 

IMPLFCPTNESS*, fm-phV-lt-nes. 71. s. The state 
of being; implicit; implication. Scott. 

IMPLFCITY*, Im-plis'-e-te. n. s. [implicile, Fr.] 
Entanglement ; encumbrance 3 obscure involution 
Cotgrave. 

IMPLFEDLY*, im-pli'-Sd-le. ad. [from the parti 
ciple implied.] By inference comprised, though not 
expressed. Mountagu. 

IMPLORA'TION*, Im-pl6-ra/-shun. n. s. Solicita- 
tion ; supplication. Bp. Hall. 

To IMPLO'RE §, im-pkW. v. a. [imploro, Lat.] To 
call upon in supplication 3 to solicit. Pope. To 
ask 5 to beg. Shakspeare. 

IMPLO'RE, fm-pl6re'. n.s. The act of begging ; en- 
treaty. Spenser. 

IMPLO'RER, fm-pl6'-rur. 98. n. s. Solicitor. Sher- 
wood, 

IMPLU'MED §, Im-plumd'. 362. a. [implumis, Lat.] 
Without feathers. Diet. 

IMPLU'MOUS*, im-pkV-mus. a. Naked of feathers. 
Johnson. 

To IMPLU'NGE*, Im-plundjV. v. a. To plunge 3 to 
hurrv into. Fuller. 

To IMPLY 7 , im-pll'. v. a. [implico, Lat.] To infold ; 
to cover; to entangle. Spenser. To involve or 
comprise as a consequence or concomitant. Broivn. 

To IMPO'CKET*, im-pdk'-it. v. a. To put into the 
pocket. Carleton. 

ToIMPO'ISQNS, lm-p5e'-zn. v. a. [empoisonner, 
Fr.] To kill with poison. Sha/c. To corrupt with 

fioison. Shakspeare. 
PO'ISONMENT*, hn-pSe'-zn-ment. n. s. Act of 



ioisoning; state of being poisoned. Pope 
'LARILY, Im-piMar-e-le. ad. [in ai 



and polar.] 
of the poles 



Want of 



IMPO'. 

Not according to the direction 

Brown. Little used. 
IMPO'LICY*, im-p&l'-e-se. n. s. [in and policy.] 

Imprudence ; indiscretion ; want of forecast. Bp 

Horsley. 
IMPOLFTE§*, ?m-p6-llte'. a. Not polite; rude. 

Drwmmond. 
IMPOLFTENESS*, Im-po-llte'-nes. 

politeness. Ld. Chesterfield. 
IMPOLFTICAL §, ^m-pi-llt'-e-kal. 
IMPO'LITICK^, fm-p&F-e-tlk. 510. 

Imprudent; indiscreet; void of art or forecast 

Hooker. 
IMPOLFTICALLY, ?m- P 6-lh'-e-kal-e. 509. ? 
IMPO'LITICKLY, ?m-p6K-e-t?k-le. S 

Without art or forecast. Bacon. 
IMPO'NDEROUS, ?m-p6n'-der-os. a. Vokl of per- 

ceptible weight. Brown. 
492 



[in and 
politick.] 



ad. 



IMP 



IMP 



-n6, move, u6r, ndt;— lube, tub, boll; — &ilj— pdund; — thin, THis. 



To TMPO'OR*, im-pdor'. v. a. To make poor. W. 
Browne. 

IMPORO SITY, im-po-rds'-se-te. n. s. Absence of 
interstices ; compactness ; closeness. Bacon. 

IMPO'ROUS §, Im-po'-rfts. 314. a. [in and porous.] 
Free from pores ; tree from vacuities or interstices ; 
close of texture ; completely solid. Brown. 

To IMPORT $, im-port'. 492. v. a. [importo, Lat.] 
To carry into any country from abroad ; opposed 
to export. Pope. ' To imply ; to infer. Hooker. To 
produce in consequence. Sliak. [importe, Fr.] To 
be of moment. Bacon. 

LMPO'RT, mi'-port. n. s. Importance; moment; 
consequence. Shak. Tendency. Boyle. Any thing 
brought from abroad. Bp. Berkeley. 

§Cf* This substantive was formerly pronounced with the 
accent on the second syllable, but has, of late years, 
adopted the accent on the first, and classes with the 
general distinction of dissyllable nouns and verbs of the 
same form. — See Principles, No. 492. W. 

IMPORTABLE, im-port'-a-bl. a. [importable, old 
Fr.] Unsupportable ; not to be endured. Chaucer. 

IMPORTANCES im-pdr'-tanse, or im^r'-tanse. 
». s. [Fr.] Thing imported or implied. Shak. Mat- 
ter ; subject. Shak. Consequence ; moment. Pope. 
Importunity. Shakspeare. 

IMPORTANT, im-p6r'-tant, or Im-pfV-tant. a. Mo- 
mentous ; weighty ; of great consequence. Wotton. 
Momentous ; forcible ; of great efficacy. Spenser. 
Importunate : a corrupt use. SJutkspeare. 

g*p The second syllable of this and the foregoing word is 
frequently pronounced as in the verb to import. The 
best usage, however, is on the side of the first pronun- 
ciation, which seems to suppose, that it is not a word 
formed from import, but an adoption of the French im- 
portance, and therefore it ought not to be pronounced as 
a compound, but as a simple. The authorities for this 
pronunciation are, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, 
\V. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Buchanan. Mr. Scott 
is for either, but gives the first the preference. W. 

IMPORTANTLY*, Im-poV-tant-le. ad. Weightily; 
forcibly. Hammond. 

IMPORTATION, fm-por-ta'-shun. n. s. The act or 
practice of importing, or bringing into a country 
from abroad. Bacon. Simply, conveyance. Smith. 

IMPORTER, lm-port'-ur. 98. n. s. One who brings 
in from abroad. Swift. 

IMPORTLESS, ?m-p6rtMes. a. Of no moment or 
consequence. Shakspeare. 

IMPORTU'NACY*, lm-peV-tshu-na-se. n. s. The 
act of importuning. Shakspeare. 

LMPO'RTUNATE §, lm- P 6r'-tshu-nate. 4G1. a. [im- 
portunus, Lat.] Unseasonable and incessant in so- 
licitations; not to be repulsed. Shak. Trouble- 
some ; not easv to be borne. Donne. 

IMPO RTUNATELYjm-por'-tshu-nat-le. ad. With 
incessant solicitation ; pertinaciously in petition. 
Dupva. 

IMPO'RTUNATENESS, fm-pSr'-tshu-nal-nes. 91. 
n. s. Incessant solicitation. Sidney. 

IMPO'RTUNATOR* im-por'-tshu-na-tur. n. s. An 
incessant solicitor, or demander. Sir E. Sandys. 

To IMPORTL T/ NE §, Im-por-tone'. v. a. [importn- 
nus, Lat.] To tease; to harass with slight vexa- 
tion perpetually recurring; to molest; to disturb 
by reiteration of the same request ; to solicit ear- 
nestly. Spenser. To require ; to render necessary. 
Shakspeare. To import ; to foretell. Spenser. 

DIPORTU'NE, im-por-tune'. [See Futurity.] a. 
Constantly recurring; troublesome by frequency. 
Spenser. Troublesome ; vexatious. Chancer. Un- 
seasonable; coming, asking, or happening, at a 
wrong time. Milton. Cruel ; inexorable. Bp. Fisher. 

IMPORTU'NELY, Jm-por-tone'-le. ad. Trouole- 
somely ; incessantly. Spenser. Unseasonably ; im- 

firoperly. Sanderson. 
PORTU'NITY, im-pSr-uY-ne-te. n. s. Incessant 
solicitation. Knolles. 
IMPO'SABLE, hn-po'-za-bl. 405. a. To be laid as 

obligatory on any body. Hammond. 
To IMPOSE $, im-poze'. v. a. [imposer, Fn] To 
lay on as a burthen or penalty. Ezra, vii. To en- 
join as a duty or law. Hooker. To fix on ; to im- 



pute to. Brown. To obtrude fallaciously. Dryden. 
— To impose on. To put a cheat on; to deceive 
Boyle. — [Among printers.] To put the pages on 
the stone, and fit on the chase, in order to carry 
the form to press. 

IMPO'SE, !m-p6ze'. n. s. Command; injunction. 
Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

IMPOSER, im-p6'-zar. 98. n. s. One who enjoins as 
a law • one who lays any thing on another as a hard 
ship. Walton. One who places or puts on. Pearson. 

IMPOSITION, im-po-zish'-on. ».*. [Fr.] The act 
of laying any thing on another. Hammond. The 
act of annexing. Boyle. Injunction of any thing 
as a law or duty. Slwdc. Constraint ; oppression. 
Locke. Cheat; fallacy; imposture. Goldsmith. 
A supernumerary exercise enjoined scholars as a 

fiunisnment. Warton. 
POSSIBLES, Im-p&s'-se-bl. 405. a. [in and possi- 
ble.] Not to be done ; not to be attained ; impracti 
cable. 2 Mace. 

IMPOSSIBLE*, im-pos'-se-bl. n. s. An impossibili 
ty. Chancer. 

IMPOSSIBILITY, im-p&s-se-bil'-e-te. n.s. [im 
possibilite, Fr.] Impracticability ; the state of be 
ing not feasible. Sidney. That which cannot be 
done. Hooker. 

PMPOST, W-pist. n. s. [impost, Fr.] A tax ; a toll ; 
custom paid. Bacon. 

IMPO'STS, fm-pists'. n.s. [imposte, Fr.] [In archi- 
tecture.] That part of a pillar, in vaults and arches, 
on which the weight of the whole building lies. 
Ainsworih. 
roIMPOSTHUMATEjm-pos'-tshu-mate.gi.t'.n. 
To form an abscess ; to gather ; to form a cyst or 
bag containing matter. Hammond. 

To IMPO'STHUMATE, im-pos'-tshu-mate. v. a. 
To afflict with an imposthume. Sir G. Buck. 

IMPOSTHUMA'TION, im-pos-tshu-ma'-shun. n.s. 
The act of forming an imposthume ; the state is 
which an imposthume is formed. Bacon. 

IMPOSTHUME Um-p6s / -lsbume.461.rc.s. [formed 
by corruption from apostem, a-jba-ijpa.] A collection 
of purulent matter in a bag or cyst. Harvey. 

To IMPO'STHUME*, Im-pos'-tshAme. v. n. To 
breed an imposthume. Huloet. 

To LMPO'STHUME*, mi-p&s'-tshume. v.a. To af- 
fect with an imposthume. Hayward. 

IMPO'STOR, mi-pos'-iQr. 1G6. n.s. One who cheats 
by a fictitious character. SoiUh. 

IMPOSTUME*. See Imposthume. 

IMPO'STURAGE*, im-pos'-tshu-raje. n. s. Imposi- 
tion ; cheat. Bp. Taylor. Ob. T. 

IMPOSTURE §, irn-pos'-tshure. n.s. [imposteur 7 
Fr.; impostura, Lat.] Cheat; fraud; supposititious- 
ness. Glanrille. 

LMPO'STURED*, fcn-p&s'-tshfir'd. a. Having the 
nature of imposture. Beaumont. 

IMPO'STUROUS*, .m-pfisMshur-us. a. Deceitful 
cheating. Beaumoirt and Fletcher. 

I'MPOTENCE, im'-pc-tense. }n. s. [impotentia, 

FMPOTENCY, lm'- P 6-ten-se. \ Lat.] Want of 
power ; inability ; imbecility ; weakness. Sir J. 
Hayward. Ungovernableness of passion. Milton. 
Incapacity of propagation. Pope. 

PMPOTENT §, ?m'-po-tent. 170. a. [impotens, Lat.] 
Weak; feeble; wanting force; wanting power. 
Hooker. Disabled by nature or disease. St. John, 
v. Without power of restraint. Dryden. Without 
power of proDagation. Toiler. 

PMPOTENT*', W-po-tent. n.s. One who languishes 
under disease. Shakspeare. 

I'MPOTENTLY.hn'-po-tent-le. ad. Without power. 
Bp. Hall. Without government of passion ; ex- 
travagantly. Burton. 

To IMPOUND, im-pSund'. v. a. To enclose as in a 
pound ; to shut in ; to confine. Bacon. To shut 
up in a pinfold. Shakspeare. 

To IMPOVERISH $*. See To Empoverish. 

IMPOVERISHMENT*. See Empoverishment, 

7'oIMPO'WER. See To Empower. 

IMPRACTICABILITY*, im-prak'-te-ka-bil'-e-te-. 
n. s. Impossibility. 

493 



IMP 



Imp 



O 3 559.— Fate, f ar, fill, fat;— me, mfo;— pine, pin ;- 



IMPR A'CTICABLE §, im-prak'-te-ka-bl. a. [m 
practicable.'] Not to be performed : unfeasible 5 



and 
practicable.] Not to be performed ; unfeasibfe 3 im- 
possible. Woodward. Untractable ; unmanage- 
able. Rowe. , . 
IMPRA'CTICABLENESS, im-prak'-te-ka-bl-nSs. 
n. s. Impossibility. Swift. Untractableness 5 stub- 
bornness. Bur?iet. 
To FMPRECATE§, Im'-pre-kate. v. a. [imprecor, 

Lat.l To call for evil upon himself or others. 
IMPRECA'TION, fm-pre-ka'-shfin. n.s. [impreca- 
tio, Lat.] Curse; prayer by which any evil is 
wished. Chapman. 
IMPRECATORY, im'-pre-ka-tfir-e. a. Containing 

wishes of evil. 
JJ^f* I have differpd from Mr. Sheridan in the accentua- 
tion of this word. He places the accent on the second 
syllable ; but Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Scott, on 
the first. He himself places the accent on the first of 
deprecatory ; and the same reason holds in both. — See 
Principles, No. 512. W. 
To lMPRE'GNjm-prene'.SSe.D.a. [in and prosgno, 
Lat.] To fill with young ; to fill with any matter or 
quality ; to make pregnant. Shelton. 
SMPRE'GNABLE §, im-preg'-na-bl. a. [imputable, 
Fr.] Not to be stormed ; not to be taken. Sidney. 
Unshaken ; unmoved ; unaffected. South. 
IMPRE'GNABLY, Im-preg'-na-ble. ad. In such a 

manner as to defy force or hostility. Sandys. 

To IMPREGNATE, Im-preg'-irate. v. a. [in and 

prcegno, Lat.] To fill with young ; to make pro- 

lifick. Brown, [impregner, Fr.] To fill ; to saturate. 

IMPREGNATE, Im-preg'-nate. a. Impregnated; 

made prolifick. South. 
IMPREGNATION, Im-prgg-na'-sh&n. n.s. The 
act of making prolifick ; fecundation. Bacon. 
That with which any thing is impregnated. Der- 
ham. [impregnation, Fr.] Saturation. Ainsworth. 
SMPREJUD1CATE, ?m-pre-j66'-de-kate. 91. a. 
[in,prce, and judico, Lat.] Unprejudiced; not pre- 
possessed ; impartial. Brown. 
IMPREPARA'TION, fm-prep-a-ra/-shun. n. s. Un- 

preparedness ; want of preparation. Hooker. 
IMPRESCRI/PTIBLE*, im-pre-skrfty-te-bl. a. [old 
Fr.] Without the compass of prescription ; by no 1 
length of time to be aliened or lost. Cotgrave. ]\ares. j 
To IMPRE'SSS, Im-pr&s'. v. a. [impressum, Lat.] | 
To print by pressure ; to stamp. Denham. To fix 
deep. Watts. To mark ; as impressed by a stamp. 
Spenser. To force into service. SJiakspeare. 
I'MPRESS, Im'-prSs. 492. n.s. Mark made by pres- 
sure. Woodward. Effects of one substance on 
another. Glanvilk. Mark of distinction ; stamp. 
South. Device ; motto, [impresa, Ital.] Peacham. 
Act of forcing into service. Shak. Impression; 
image fixed in the mind. More. 
IMPRESSIBILITY*, fm-preVse-bu'-e-le. n.s. Ca- 
pability of being impressed. Lett, on Physiognomy. 
IMPRESSIBLE, im-pres'-se-bl. a. What may be 

impressed. Bacon. 
IMPRE'SSlON^m-prgsh'-un. n.s. [impressio, Lat.] 
The act of pressing one body upon another. Locke. 
Mark made by pressure ; stamp. Shak. Image 
fixed in the mind. Atterbury. Efficacious agency ; 
operation ; influence. Clarendon. Effect of an at- 
tack. Wotton. Edition ; number printed at once ; 
one course of printing. Dry den. 
IMPRE'SSIVE*, fm-pres'-sfv. a. Capable of being 
impressed ; susceptible. Spenser. Capable of 
making impression : as, an impressive discourse. 
IMPRESSIVELY*, Im-pres'-slv-le. ad. In a power- 
ful or impressive manner. 
IMPRE'SSIVENESS*, im-preV-slv-ngs. n. s. The 

quality of being impressive. 
IMPRE'SSURE, Im-pr&sh'-ure. n.s. The mark 
made by pressure ; the dint ; the impression. Shak. 
FMPREST*, W-prgst. n. s. [imprestanza, Ital. from 
imprestare.] A kind of earnest money ; money ad- 
vanced ; a loan. 
IMPRE'VALENCY*, Im-prev'-a-len-se. n.s. Inca- 
pability of prevailing. Bp. Hall. 
IMPRlMA'TUR*, Im-pre-ma'-tur. n.b: [Lat.] A 
word formerly at the beginning of books, signifying 
Let it be proUed ; a license to print. Milton. 



IMPRFMERY*,?m-prW-ur-e. n.s. [imprimerie, Fr.] 
A print, or impression 3 also a printing-house, or 
the art of printing. Coles. 
IMPRIMIS*, im-prl'-n.k ad. [Lat.] First of all. 
To IMPRFNT §, lm-prfnt'. v. a. [imprinter, Fr.] To 
mark upon any substance by pressure. Holder. To 
stamp words upon paper by the use of types. Act 
for Unif. of Pub. Prayers. To fix on the mind or 
memory. Bacon. 
FMPRINT*, W-print. n. s. Designation of place, 
where a work is printed; "the imprint," as it is 
called in technical language, " E Typographeo 
Clarendoniano," or " At the Clarendon Press." 
To IMPRI'SON§, frn-prlz'-z'n. v. a. [in and prison.^ 
To shut up; to confine; to keep from liberty". 
Spenser. 
IMPRFSONMENT, Im-prlz'-z'n-mSnt. n. s. Confine- 
ment ; clausure ; state of being shut in prison. Spenser. 
IMPROBABILITY, Im-pr&b-a-blF-e-te. n. s. Un- 
likelihood; difficulty to be believed. Hammond. 
IMPROVABLE*, mvprob'-a-bl. a. [improbabilis, 

Lat.] Unlikely ; incredible. Addison. 
IMPROBABLY, im-prob'-a-ble. ad. Without likeli- 
hood. In a manner not to be approved. Boyle. 
To FMPROBATE §, ?m / -pr6-bate. v.a. [in and pro- 
bo, Lat.] Not to approve. Ainsworth. 
IMPROBA'TIOIN, fm-pro-ba'-shSn. n.s. Act of dis- 
allowing. Ainsworth. 
IMPRO'BTTY, Im-prob'-e-te. n.s. [improbitas, Lat.] 
Want of honesty ; dishonesty ; baseness. Hooker. 
IMPROFFC1ENCE*, im-pro-flsh'-gnse. n.s. [in 

and pro ficience.] Want of improvement. Bacon. 
IMPRO'FITABLE*, ?m-pr6f-ft-a-bl. a. Not profita- 
ble ; vain. Sir T. Elyot. 
To 1MPROLFFICATE, Im-pr6-]lf-fe-kate. 91. v.a. 

To impregnate ; to fecundate. Brown. Ob. J. 
IMPROMPTU*, fm-p^m'-tu. n. s. [Fr.] A brief, 
extemporaneous, and often merry or witty, compo- 
sition. Dryden. 
IMPROVERS, fm-pr&p'-flr. W-*- [improprius, Lat.] 
Not well adapted; unqualified. Burnet. Unfit; 
not conducive to the right end. Arbuthnot. Not 
just ; not accurate. Dryden. 
IMPRO'PERLY, Im-prop'-ftr-lk ad. Not fitly ; in- 
congruously. Not justly; not accurately. Dryden. 
1MFROTERTY*. See Impropriety. 
IMPROPFTIOUS*, Jm-prft-plsh'-fis. a. Unfavoura- 
ble ; not propitious. Wotton. 
IMPROPO'RTIONABLE §*, m>pr6- P 6r'-shun-a- 

bl. a. Unfit ; not proportionable. B. Jonson. 
IMPROPOVTIONATE*, fm-pro^r'-sh&n-ate. a. 

Not adjusted to. Smith. 
To IMPROPRIATES, im-pro'-pre-ate. v.a. [in 
and proprius, Lat.] To convert to private use ; to 
seize to himself. Bacon. To put the possessions 
of the church into the hands of laicks. Wharton. 
IMPROPRIATE*, Im-pri'-pre-ate. a. Devolved in- 
to the hands of laicks. Spelman. 
IMPROPRIATION, im-pri-pre-a'-shun. n. s. Ex- 
clusive possession. Loe. Alienation of the posses- 
sions of the church. Ayliffe. 
IMPROTRIATOR, ]m-pr6-pre-a'-tfir. 166, 521. 
n. s. One who seizes to himself. Dean Martin. A 
layman that has the possession of the lands of the 
church. Ayliffe. 
IMPROPRIETY, ilm-pri-prl'-e-te. n. s. [improprie 
te, Fr.] Unfitness ; unsuitableness ; inaccuracy 
want of justness. Brown. 
IMPROSPE'RITY*, ?m-pr6s-peV-e-te. n. s. [in 

and prosperity.] Unhappiness. Naunton. 
IMPRO'SPEROUS §,fm-pr&s / -pur-us. a. Unhappy • 

unfortunate ; not successful. Hammond. 
IMPRO'SPEROUSLY, fm-pros'-pfir-us-le. ad. Un- 
happily ; unsuccessfully ; with ill fortune. Drayton. 
IMPRO'SPEROUSNESS*, im-pros'-pur-us-nSs, 

n. s. Unhappiness ; ill fortune. Hammond. 
UNPROVABILITY*, fm-proS-va-bll'-e-te. n. s. 

Capability of improvement. 
IMPROVABLE, im-prod'-va-bl. a. Capable of be- 
ing advanced from a good to a better state. Brown. 
IMPRO / VABLENESS,?m-pr6& / -va-bl-ne 4 s. n.s. Ca- 
pableness of being made better. Hammond. 
494 



IMP 



IN 



n6, mftve, ndr, nftt ;— tibe, ihb, bull ;— 6fl ;—p6ond ;— </iin, thjs. 



IMPROBABLY, Im-prod'-va-ble. at/. In a manner 
that admits of melioration. 

To IMPROVES, im-proiV. v. a. [in and probus.] 
To advance any thing- nearer to perfection ; to 
raise from good to better. Denham. To augment ; 
to increase. Ld. Clarendon. To disprove; to cen- 
sure. Wliitgifl. 

To IMPROVE, im-prdov'. v.n. To advance in 
goodness. Atterbury. 

IMPROVEMENT, im-proov'-ment. n. *. Meliora- 
tion ; advancement of any thing from good to bet- 
ter. Tillotson. Act of improving. Addison. Pro- 
gress from good to better. Addison. Progress in 
any respect ; increase. South. Instruction ; edi- 
fication. South. Effect of melioration. South. 

IMPRO'VER, im-pr66V-ur. 98. n. s. One that makes 
himself or any thing else better. Clarendon. Any 
thing that meliorates. Mortimer. 

DIPROVI'DED, im-pri-vi'-ded. a. [improvisus, Eat.] 
Unforeseen ; unexpected ; unprovided against. 
Spenser. 

IMPROVIDENCE, im-prov'-e-dgnse. n.s. Want 
of forethought ; want of caution. Hale. 

IMPROVIDENT §, im-prov'-e-dent. a. [improvidus, 
Lat.] Wanting forecast; wanting care to provide. 
Shakspeare. 

IMPRO'VIDENTLY, ?m-pr6v'-e-dgnt-le. ad. With- 
out forethought ; without care. Drayton. 

IMPROVFSION, im-pr6-vTzh'-un. n.s. Want of 
forethought. Brown. 

IMPRUDENCE, im-proo'-dense. 343. n. s. Want 
of prudence ; indiscretion ; negligence ; inattention 
to interest. Milton. 

IMPRUDENT $, im-proo'-d^nt. 343. a. [imprudens, 
Lat.J Wanting prudence; injudicious; indiscreet; 
negligent. Tillotson. 

IMPRU'DENTLY*, fm-proS'-dgnt-le. ad. Without 
prudence ; indiscreetly. Sherwood. 

FMPUDENCE, Im'-pu-d^nse. )n.s. Shameless- 

IMPUDENCY, Im'-pu-dSn-se. ) ness ; immodesty. 
Shakspeare. 

PMPUDENT $, ?m'-pu-dent. 503. a. [impudens, Lat.] 
Shameless; wanting modesty. Sliakspeare. Un- 
chaste; immodest. 

FMPUDENTLY, W-pu-dSnt-le. ad. Shamelessly; 
without modesty. Sandys. 

IMPUDFCITY*. Im-pu-dls'-e-te. n. s. [impudicitia, 

Lat.l Immodesty. Sheldon. 
To IMPU'GN^Im-pune'. 386. v. a. [impugno, Lat.] 
To attack ; to assault by law or argument ; to op- 
pose ; to resist. Abp. Cramner. 

&5= Notwithstanding the clear analogy there is for pro- 
nouncing this word in the manner it is marked, there is 
a repugnance at leaving out the g, which nothing but 
frequent use will take away. If sign were in as little 
use as impugn, we should feel the same repugnance at 
pronouncing it in the manner we do. But, as language 
is association, no wonder association should have such 
power over it. — For the analogies that lead us to this 
pronunciation, see Principles, No. 385. 

Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Scott, pronounce the 
word as I have marked it ; that is, with the g silent, 
and the u long ; but Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Bu- 
chanan, though they* suppress the g, pronounce the u 
short. That this short sound is contrary to analogy 
cannot be doubted, when we take a view of the words 
of this termination ; and the only plea for it is, the short 
sound of the vowels before gm in phlegm, diaphragm, 
parapegm, apophthegm, and paradigm, 389 : but as the 
accent is not on any of these syllables, except phlegm, 
which is irregular, 389, it is no wonder the vowel should 
shorten in these words, as it so frequently does in the 
numerous terminations in He, ine, ite, &.c. 147. W. 
IMPUGNA'TION*, Im-pfir-na'-shun. n. s. Opposi- 
tion ; resistance. Bp. Hall. 
IMPU'GNER, ?m-p6'-nur. n.s. One that attacks or 

invades. Fulke. 
^CT I" judging of the propriety of this pronunciation, we 
must not confound the participles impugning, impugn- 
ed, and the verbal noun impugncr, with such words as 
we do not 'orm ourselves, as repugnant, malignant, 
&c. The former are mere branches of the verb impugn, 
and therefore make no alteration in the root ; the lat- 
ter we receive already formed from the Latin or the 
French, and pronounce the g as we do in signify and 



sig-iiet, though it is silent in signed,signing, or signer. 
For it must be carefully observed, that the analogy of 
pronunciation admits of no altera* ; on in the sound of 
the verb, upon its being formed into a participle or ver- 
bal noun ; nor in the sound of the adjective, upon its 
acquiring a comparative or superlative termination. — 
See Principles, No. 409. W. 

IMPUl'SSANCE^m-puMs-sanse. [See Puissance.] 
n. s. [Fr.] Impotence ; inability ; weakness ; feeble- 
ness. Bacon. 

FMPULSE $, Im'-pulse. n. s. [impulsus, Lat.] Com- 
municated force ; the effect of one body acting upon 
another. South. Influence acting upon the mind ; 
motive ; idea impressed. Dryden. Hostile im- 

firession. Pnor. 
PU'LSION, fm-pfil'-shun. n.s. The agency of 
body in motion upon body. Bacon. Influence ope- 
rating upon the mind. Milton. 

IMPULSIVE, im-pfil'-slv. a. [impulsif,Fr.] Having 
the power of impulse ; moving ; impellent. Denh. 

IMPU'LSIVE*, im-pul'-siv. n. s. Impellent cause or 
reason. Wotton. 

IMPU'LSIVELY*, hn-pul'-slv-le. ad. By impulse. 
Sterne. 

IMPU'NIBLY*, mi-pu'-ne-ble. ad. Without punish- 
ment. Ellis. 

IMPU'NITYSjm-pu'-ne-te. n.s. [impunilas, Lat.] 
Freedom from punishment ; exemption from pun- 
ishment. Davies. 

IMPU'RE §, fm-pure'. a. [impurus, Lat.] Defiled with 
guilt ; unholy. Donne. Contrary to sanctity ; un- 
hallowed. Milton. Unchaste. A ddison Feculent; 
foul with extraneous mixture ; drossy. 

To IMPU'RE*, im-pure'. v. a. To render foul or 
impure ; to defile. Bp. Hall. 

IMPURELY, frn-pure'-le. ad. With impurity. 

IMPU'RENESS, fm-pure'-n&s. ) n. s. [impuritus, 

IMPU'RITY, Im-pu'-re-te. \ Lat ] Want of 
sanctity; want of holiness. Milton. Act of unchas- 
tity. Atterbury. Base admixture. Feltham. Fecu- 
lent admixture. Arbuthnot. 

To IMPU'RPLE, im-pur'-pl. 405. v. a. [empourprer, 
Fr/J To make red ; to colour as with purple. Milton. 

IMPUTABLE, fm-pu'-ta-bl. a. Chargeable upon 
any one ; that of which one may be accused. Bp. 
Taylor. Accusable ; chargeable with a fault. 
Ayliffe. 

IMPtfTABLENESS, im-pu'-ta-bl-n&s. n.s. The 
quality of being imputable. Norris. 

IMPUTA'TION , fm-pft-ta'-shun. n. s. Attribution of 
any thing ; generally of ill. Shak. Sometimes 
of good. SJiak. Censure; reproach. Hooker. 
Hint ; slight notice. Shakspeare. 

IMPU'TATTVE, im-pu'-ta-tlv. 512. a. That may 
impute. Nelson. 

IMPU TATIVELY* im-pu'-ta-tlv-le. ad. By impu- 
tation. Stackhouse. 

To IMPU'TE $, im-pute'. v. a. [imputo, Lat.] To 
charge upon ; to attribute : generally ill ; some- 
times good. Rom. iv. Temple. To reckon to one 
what does not properly belong to him. Milton. 

IMPU'TER, fm-pu'-tur. 98. n.s. He that imputes. 
Sherwood. 

IN§, In. prep, [in, Lat.; in, Sax.] Noting the place 
where any thing is present ; not without. Fairfax. 
Noting the state or thing present at any time. 
Hooker. Noting the time. Locke. Noting power. 
Spenser. Noting proportion. Bacon. According 
to. Collier. Concerning. Locke. For the sake. 
A solemn phrase. SJiak. Noting cause. Shak. 
Formerly in the sense of on. Spenser. — In that. 
Because. Hooker. In as much. Since; seeing 
that. Hooker. 

IN, In. ad. Within some place ; not out. South. En- 
gaged to any affair. Daniel. Placed in some 
state. Shak. Noting immediate entrance. Shak. 
Into any place. Dryden. Close ; home. Toiler. — 
In has commonly in composition a negative or priv- 
ative sense, as in the Latin : so active denotes that 
which acts ; inactive that which does not act. In 
before r is changed into r ; as irregular : before / 
into I ; as illative : and into m before some other 
consonants ; as improbable. 
495 



INA 














INA 


ID" 559.- 


-Fite 


far 


fall, 


fat 


; — me, m£t ; — pine 


, p?n 5— 



INABILITY, in-a-bil-e-te. n. s. [in and ability.] 
Impuissance ; impotence ; wa..t of power. Hooker. 
INA/BSTINEN^fi, in-ab'-ste-nenseT //. s. [in and ab- 
stinence.] Inteiftperance ; want of power to abstain; 
prevalence of appetite. Milton. 
lNABUSIVELY*,ln-a-bu'-s?v-le. ad. [in and abu- 
sively.] Without abuse. Lord North. 
INACCESSIBILITY*, In-ak-ses-se-bll'-e-te. n. s. 
State of being - inaccessible. Butler. 

INACCESSIBLE §, m-ak-ses'-se-bl. a. [in and ac- 
cessible.] Not to be reached ; not to be approached. 
Slialcspeare. 

INACCESSIBLY*, fn-ak-ses'-se-ble. ad. So as not 
to be approached. Warton. 

INACCURACY, In-ak'-ku-ra-se. n. s. Want of ex- 
actness. Lowth. 

INAUGURATES, ?n-ak'-ku-rate. 91. a. Not exact; 
not accurate. Hurd. 

INACCURATELY*, m-ak'-ku-rate-le. ad. Not cor- 
rectly. Hurd, 

INACTION, fn-ak'-shun. n. s. [in and action.] Ces- 
sation from labour ; forbearance of labour. Pope. 

INACTIVE $, In-ak'-tfv. a. [in and active.] Not busy; 
not diligent; idle; indolent ; sluggish. Dr. Warton. 
Unfavourable to activity. Shenslone. 

INACTIVELY, k-ak'-tfv-le. ad. Idly ; without la- 
bour; without motion; sluggishly. Locke. 

INACTIVITY, fn-ak-tfv'-e-te. n.s. Idleness ; rest ; 
sluggishness. Rogers. 

To INACTUATE $*, m-ak'-tshu-ate. v. a. [from ac- 
tuate.] To put into action. Glanvilk. 

IN ACTUATION*, m-ak-tshu-aZ-shun. n.s. Opera- 
tion. Glanville. 

INADEQUACY t, fn-ad'-i-kwa-se. n. s. The state 
of being unequal to some purpose.- 

INADEQUATE $, fri-ad'-e-kwate. 91. a. [mandarf- 
cequatus, Lat.] Not equal to the purpose ; defective. 
Dryden. 

INADEQUATELY, in-ad'-e-kwate-ie. ad. Defec- 
tively ; not completely. Boyle. 

INADEQUATENESS*, fn-ad'-e-kwate-nes. n. s. 
Defect of proportion. Goodman. 

IN ADEQUATION*, m-ad-e-kwa'-sh&n. n.t. Want 
of exact correspondence. Puller's Moderat. 

INADMISSIBLE*, m-ad-imV-se-bl. a. [inadmissi- 
ble, Fr.] Not to be allowed, or admitted. Abp. 
JSewcome. 
-INADVERTENCE, ?n-ad-ver'-tense. ) n. s. Care- 

INADVE'RTENCY, Sn-ad-vgr'-ten-se. \ lessness ; 
negligence; inattention. South. Act or effect of 
negligence. Gcn;ern?nent of the Tongue. 

HNADVE'RTENTMn-ad-ver'-tent. a. [in and ad- 
vertejis, Lat.] Negligent; careless. 

INADVERTENTLY, k-ad-ver'-tenl-le. ad. Care- 
lessly ; negligently. Brown. 

INAD VE'RTISEMENT* k-ad-ver'-t?z-ment. n. s. 
Inadvertence. Broome. 

INAFFABILITY*, k-af-ia-bil'-e-te. n. s. Reser- 
vedness in conversation. Coles. 

INA'FFABLE*, fn-af'-fa-bl. a. [in and affable.] Re- 
served ; sour ; uncourteous. Scott. 

INAFFECTA'TION*, in-af-f^k-ta'-shun. n. s. The 
state of being void of affectation. Scott. 

INAFFECTEDLY*,fn-af-f§kt'-ecl-le. ad. Without 
affectation. Cockeram. 

IN AID ABLE*, ln-ade'4-bl. a. [in and aid.] Not to 
be assisted. Sluxkspeare. 

INA' LIEN ABLE §, m-ale'-yen-a-bl. 113. a. [inalien- 
able, old Fr.] That cannot be alienated, or granted 
to another. Burke. 

INAL1ENABLENESS*, k-ale'-yen-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
The state of being inalienable. Scott. 

INALIMENTAL, k-al-e-men'-tal. a. [in and ali- 
mental.] Affording no nourishment. Bacon. 

INALTERABLE*, m-all'-t&r-a-bl. a. Not to be 
changed or altered. Hakewill. 

[NA'MIABLE §*, k-a/-me-a-bl. a. [in and amiable.] 
Unpleasant ; not to be beloved. Cockeram. 

INA'MIABLENESS*, in-a'-me-a-bl-ngs. n. s. Un- 
loveliness; the want of amiable qualities. Scott. 

FN AMFSSIBLE §, k-a-mls'-se-bl. a. [in and amissus, | 
Lat.] Not to be lost. Hammond. 



FNAMFSSlBLENESS*,in-a-mV-se-bl-nes.7i.s.The 
state of being inamissible. Scott. 

INAMORATO* k-am-6-ra'-t6. n.s. [innamorate, 
Ilal.l One in love. Marston. 

INANE,?n-nane'.a. [huvnis.haL] Empty; void. Locke. 

To FNANIMATE $, k-an'-e-mate. v. a. [in and ani 
mo, Lat.] To animate; to quicken. Donne. 

INANIMATE, k-an'-e-male. 91. ) a. Void of life; 

IN ANIMATED, k-an'-e-ma-ted. $ without anima 
tion. Bacon. 

INANIMATION*, k-an-e-ma'-shfin. n. s. Anima- 
tion. Donne. 

INANFTIONjn-a-nish'-un. n.s. [inanis, Lat.] Emp- 
tiness of body ; want of fulness in the vessels of the 
animal. Burton. 

INANITY, k-an'-e-te. 511. n.s. [inanite 1 , Fr.] Emp- 
tiness; void space. Digby. Vanity. Fiorio. 

INA / PPETENCE*,fn-ap / -pe-tense. n. s. [in and ap- 
petence^] Want of appetite. Boyle. 

FN APPETENCY, m-ap'-pe-ten-se. n. s. Want of 
stomach or appetite. Sherwood. 

INA'PPLICABLE §, k-ap'-ple-ka-bl. a. [in and ap- 
plicable.] Not to be put to a particular use. 

INAPPLICABILITY, k-ap-ple-ka-bil'-e-te. n. s. 
Unfitness for the particular purpose. 

INAPPLICA'TION, k-ap-ple-ka'-shGn. n. s. Indo- 
lence ; negligence. 

INAPPOSITE* m-ap / -6-zu. a. [in and apposite.] Ill 
placed ; ill timed ; not to the purpose. 

INAPPREHENSIBLE $*, k-ap-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. 
[in and apprehensible.] Not intelligible. Milton. 

IN APPREHENSIVE*, fn-ap-pre-hen'-siv. a. [in 
and apprehensive.] Not noticing ; regardless. Bp. 
Taylor. 

INA'PTITUDE*, k-ap'-te-tude. n. s. [in and apti- 
tude] Unfitness. Howell. 

INAQUATE $*. k-a'-kwate. a. [in and aquatus, 
Lat.] Imboclied in water. Abp. Cranmer. Ob. T. 

INAQUA'TION*, k-a-kwa'-shun. n. s. The state of 
being inaquate. Bp. Gardiner. 

INALABLE, in-ar'-ra-bl. 405. a. [in and arahilis, 
Lat.] Nt t capable of tillage. Did. 

To INA'RCH, k-artsh'. 81. v. a. [in and arch.] In- 
arching is grafting by approach, and is used when 
the stock and the tree may be joined. Miller. 

INARTICULATE §,?c4r-tlk'-A-late. 91. a. [inar- 
ticule, Fr. ; in and artiadate.] Not uttered with dis- 
tinctness, like that of the syllables of human speech. 
Wilkins. 

INARTICULATELY, k-ar-tnV-kiVlate-le. ad. Not 
distinctly. Hammond. 

INARTICULATENESS, In-ar-tik'-ku-late-nes. «.s 
Confusion of sounds ; want of distinctness in pro 
nouncing. 

INARTICULATION*, k-ar-t?k-u-la''-shfin. n. s. 
Confusion of sounds ; indistinctness in pronouncing. 
Lord Chesterfield. 

INARTIFICIAL §, k-ar-te-f ish'-al. a. [in and artifi- 
cial] Contrary to art. Decay of Piety. Not made 
by art ; plain ; simple ; artless ; rude. Sprat. 

1NARTIFFCIALLY, k-ar-te-f'ish'-al-e. ad. With- 
out art ; in a manner contrary to the rules of art. 
Collier.' 

INATTENTIONS, k-at-ten'-shun n. s. [in and at 
tendon.] Disregard; negligence; neglect. Rogers. 

INATTENTIVE, k-at-ten'-tiv. a. Heedless ; care • 

less; negligent; regardless. Watts. 
INATTENTIVELY*, k-at-ten'-uV-le. ad. Without 
attention ; heedlessly. 

INAUDIBLE, k-aw'-de-bl. 405. a. [in and audible.] 
Not to be heard; void of sound. Shakspeare. 

To INAUGURATE §, k-aw'-gu-rate. v.a. [inavgu 
ro, Lat.] To consecrate ; to invest with a new of- 
fice by solemn rites. Woiion. 

INAUGURATE*, k-aw'-gu-rale. part. a. Invested 

with office. Drayton. 
INAUGURATION, k-aw-gu-ra'-shun. n.s. Inves- 
titure by solemn rites. Howell. 
INAU CURATORY*, in-aw'-gu-ra-uV-e. a. Re- 
specting inauguration. Johnson. 
INAURATION, k-aw-ra'-shfin. n.s. [inauro, Lat.] 
The act of gilding or covering with gold. Arbuthnot. 
496 



INC 



INC 



-no, move, nor, not ;— lubo, t&b, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;—ihn\, THis. 



INAU'SPICATE*, Jn-aws'-pe-kate. a. [in and aus- 
picate] III omened. Sir 6r. Buck. 

lNAUSPI'CIOUS$,in-aw-spish'-us. a. [in andauspi- 
cious.] Ill omened; unlucky; unfortunate. Crashaic. 

INAUSPI'CIOUSLY*, in-aw-spish'-us-le. ad. With 
ill omens ; with bad fortune. 

INAUSPICIOUSNESS*. to-aw-spish'-us-nes. n. s. 
The state or quality of being- inauspicious. Scotl. 

INBElNG.ln-be'-inff. n.s. [in and being.] Inherence; 
inseparableness. Wa2i. 

PNBORN, in'-ufirn. a. [in and bom.] Innate; im- 
planted by nature. Donne. 

LMJRE'ATHED, in-breTHd'. 362. a. [in and breath.] 
Inspired ; infused by inspiration. Milton. 

INBRED, in'-bred. a. [in and bred.] Produced with- 
in; hatched or generated within. Milton. 

To INBREEDf*, in-breed'. v. a. To produce ; to 
raise. Bp. Reynolds. 

To INC AGE y, in-kadje'. v. a. [in and cage.] To 
coop up ; to shut up ; to confine in a cage, or any 
narrow space. Middleton. 

INCAGEMENT*, in-kadje'-ment. n.s. Confine- 
ment in a cage. Shehon. 



lNCALE'SCENCE, m-ka-leV-se-ise. ) 510. n. s. [in 

LNCALESCENC Y, in-ka-leV-sen-se. $ calesco, Lat.] 
The state of growing warm ; warmth ; incipient 
heat. Broivn. 

INCALCULABLE*, in-kal'-ku-la-bl. 405. a. [in 
and calculable.] Beyond calculation ; not to be reck- 
oned. A very modern word. 

INCANTATION y, in-kan-ta'-shun. n. s. [incanta- 
tion, Fr.] Charms uttered by singing; enchant- 
ment. Raleigh. 

INCANTATORY, in-kan'-ta-tur-e. 512. a. [incanlo, 
Lat.] Dealing by enchantment ; magical. Brown. 

INCA'NTING* ui-kanl'-ing.parr. a. Enchanting, as 
it were ; delightful. Sir T. Herbert. . 

To INCA'NTON, in-kan'-tun. v. a. [in and canton.] 
To u nite to a canton or separate community. Addison. 

INCAPABI'LITY. in-ka-pa-bil'-e-te. )?i. s. Ina- 

INCA'PABLENESS, in-ka'-pa-bl-nes. S bility nat- 
ural ; disqualification legal. Suckling. 

INCAPABLE y, m-ka'-pa-bl. 405. a. [in and capa- 
ble.] Wanting room to hold or contain. Wanting 
power; wanting understanding; unable to compre- 
hend, learn, or understand. Sliak. Not able to ad- 
mit or have any tiling. Clarendon. Unable ; not 
equal to any thing. Sliak. Disqualified by law. Sicift. 

^CT~ As placable anil implacable seem to follow the Latin 
quantity in the antepenultimate a, so capable and inca- 
pable, if we derive them from capaz and incapax, reject 
it: but the most natural derivation of these words is 
from the French capable and incapable. Some speak- 
ers, however, make the a short in all ; but this is a pro- 
vincial pronunciation that must be carefully avoided. — 
See Placable. W. 

INCAPA'CIOUSy, m-ka-pa'-shfis. a. [in and capa- 
cious.] Narrow ; of small content. Burnet. Want- 
ing power to contain or comprehend. Mounlagu. 

1NCAPACIOUSNESS, in-ka-pa'-shus-nes. n. s. 
Narrowness; want of containing space. 

To INCAPACITATE y , in-ka-pas'-se-tate. v. a. [in 
and capacitate.] To disable; to weaken. Richardson. 
To disqualify. Arbuthnot. 

INCAPACITATION*, In-ka-pas-e-uV-shun. n. s. 
Disqualification. Burke. 

INCAPACITY, in-ka-pas'-e-te. n. s. [in and capa- 
city.] Inability; want of natural power; want of 
power of body ; want of comprehensiveness of 
mind. Brown. 

To INCARCERATE $, in-kar'-si-rale. 555. v. a. 
[incarcero, Lat] To imprison ; to confine. Harvey. 

INCARCERATE*, in-kar'-se-rate. part. a. Impris- 
oned ; confined. More. 

INCARCERATION, in-kar-se-ra'-shftn. n. s. Im- 
prisonment ; confinement. Glanville. 

To INCARNy, in-klrn'. 81. v. a. [incarno, Lat.] To 
cover with flesh. Wiseman. 

To INC A'RN, in-karn'. ?;. n. To breed flesh. Wiseman 

To LNCARNADlNEy, fn-kar'-na-dlne. 149. v. a 
[incarnadin, Pr.J To dye red. Sliakspeare. 

1NCARNADLNE*, in-kar'-na-dlne, a. Of a red col- 
our. Lovelace. 

63 



To INCARNATE §, in-kar'-nate. v. a. [incomer, 
Fr. ; incarno, Lat.] To clothe with flesh ; to imbody 
with flesh. Abp. Cranmer. 
INCA'RNATE, in-kar'-nate. 91. part. a. Clothed 
with flesh ; imbodied in flesh. Hooker. Any thing 
tinged of a deep red colour, from its resemblance 
to a flesh colour. Parliament. Hist. vol. xxii. 
INCARNATION, in-kar-na'-shun. n.s. The act of 
assuming body. Hooker. The state of breeding 
flesh. Wiseman. Colour of flesh. Hist. 0/ Peru. 
INCA'RNATIVE, m-kar'-na-tlv. 512. n.s. A medi- 
cine that generates flesh. Hammond. 
To INCA'SE, in-kase'. v. a. [in and case.] To cover ; 

to enclose ; to inwrap. Pope. 
To INCA'SK*, in-kask'. v. a. To put into a cask. 

Sherwood. 
INCASTELLATED*,in-kas'-sl-la-ted. a. Enclosed 

in a castle. 
INCAUTIOUS y, in-kaw'-shfis. a. [in and cautious.] 

Unwarv; negligent; heedless. Keil. 
INCAUTIOUSLY, in-kaw'-shus-le. ad. Unwarily ; 

heedlessly ; negligently. Arbuthnot. 
INCAUT10USNESS*,m-kaw'-shus-nes. n.s. Want 

of caution; heedlessness. 
TMNCE'NDy^in-send'. v. a. [incendo, Lat.] To 

stir up ; to inflame. Marston. Ob. T. 
INCENDIARY, in-sen'-de-a-re, or in-sen'-ie-a-re. 
293, 376. n. s. [incendiarius, Lat.] One who sets 
houses or towns on fire, in malice, or for robbery. 
Blackstone. One who inflames factious or promotes 
quarrels. K. Charles. Simply, an exciter ; what- 
ever stirs up. Burton. 
INCENDIARY*, in-sen'-de-a-re. a. Inflaming fac- 
tion; promoting quarrel. Hist, of Duelling. 
INCE'NDIOUSt, in-sen'-de-us. 294. a. Promoting 

faction or quarrel. Lord Bacon. 
I'NCENSE §, in'-sgnse. 492. n. s. [incensum, Lat.] 
Perfumes exhaled by fire in honour of some god or 
goddess. Shakspeare. 
To PNCENSE, in'-sSnse. v. a. To perfume with in- 
cense. Barrow. 
To INCE'NSEy, in-sense'. v. a. [incensus, Lat.] To 
enkindle to rage ; to inflame with anger ; to enrage ; 
to provoke ; to exasperate. Shakspeare. 
INCENSEMENT, m-sens'-ment. n. s. Rage ; heat ; 

fury. -Shakspeare. 
INCLUSION, in-sen'-shun. n.s. [incensio, hat.] The 

act of kindling; the state of being on fire. Bacon. 
INCE'NSIVE*. in-seV-siv. a. That incites; that in- 
flames. Barrow. 
INCE'NSQR, in-seV-sur. 166. n. s. [Lat.] A kindler 

of anger ; an inflarner of passions. Hay ward. 
INCE'NSORY, in'-sen-sur-e. 512. [For the 0, see 
Domestick.] n. s. The vessel in which incense is 
burnt and offered. Ainsworth. 
INCE'NTIVE, in-slnt'-iv. n. s. [incentivinn, Lat.] 
That which kindles. K. Charles. That which 
provokes; that which encourages; incitement; mo- 
tive; encouragement; spur. GLanvilk. 
INCE'NTIVE, in-sent'-'iv. 157. a. Inciting ; encour- 
aging. Decay of Piety. 
INCEPTION v," ni-sep'-shun. n.s. [inceptio, Lat.] 

Beginning. Bacon. 
INCEPTIVE, in-sep'-tiv. 157. a. [inceptions, Lat.J 

Noting beginning. Locke. 
INCE'PTOR, in-sep'-tur. 166. n. s. [Lat.] A begin- 
ner; one who is in his rudiments. An academical 
term, denoting that the person is admitted to a de- 
gree which is not completed. Walton. 
INCERATIONy, in-se-ra'-shfin. n.s. [incero, Lat.] 

The act of covering with wax. Diet. 
INCE'RATIVE*, in-ser'-a-tiv. a. Cleaving or stick- 
ing to, like wax. Cotgrave. 
INCERTAIN^m-ser'-trn. a. [incertus, Lat.] Un- 
certain ; doubtful ; unsteady. Shakspeare. 
INCE'RTAINLY*, in-ser'-tin-le. ad. Doubtfully; 

without certainty. Huloet. 
INCE'RTAINTY*, in-seV-tln-te. n. s. Uncertainty. 

Shakspeare. 
LNCE'RTITUDE, ?n-ser'-le-tude. n. s. [incertitude 
Lat.] Uncertainty; doubtfulness. Bishop Laving' 
ton. 

497 



INC 



INC 



[LT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pbe, p'fn i 



INCE'SSABLEy*, k-seV-sa-bl. a. Unceasing 3 con- 
tinual. Skelton. 

INCE'SSANT, k-seV-sant. a. [in and cessans, Lat.] 
Unceasing; unintermitted ; continual ; uninterrupt- 
ed. Sliakspeare. 

INCESSANTLY, k-seV-sant-le. ad. Without inter- 
mission ; continually. Spenser. 

FNCESTy, h'-sht.n. s. [inceste, Fr.; incestum, Lat.] 
Unnatural and criminal conjunction of persons 
within degrees prohibited. SJiakspeare. 

INCESTUOUS, k-seV-tshu-us. 461. a. Guilty of in- 
cest; guilty of unnatural cohabitation. South. 

INCE'STUOUSLY, k-ses'-tshu-us-le. ad. With un- 
natural love. Dryclen. 

INCE'STUOUSNESS*, k-seV-tshu-us-ngs. n. s. 
State of incest. Bp. Hall. 

INCHy, ksh. 352. n. s. [ince, Sax. ; uncia, Lat.] A 
measure of length supposed equal to three grains 
of barley laid end to end; the twelfth part of a foot. 
Holder. A proverbial name for a small quantity. 
Shalcspeare. A nice point of time. Sliakspeare. 

To INCH, fnsh. v. a. To drive by inches. Dry den. To 
dealout by inches; to give sparingly. Bp. Hall. 

To INCH, ksh. v. n. To advance or retire a little at 
a time. Dry den. 

To INCHA'MBER*, k-tshame'-bur. v. a. [encham- 
brer, Fr.] To lodge in a chamber. 

To INCHA'NT*. See To Enchant. 

INCHA'RITABLE*. k-tshar'-lt-a-bl. a. Wanting 
charity. Sliakspeare. 

To INCHA'SE*. See To Enchase. 

INCHA'STITY*. k-tshas'-te-te. n. s. Want or loss 
of chastity. Jordan. 

FNCHED, Insht. 359. a. [with a word of number be- 
fore it.] Containing inches in length or breadth. 
Sliakspeare. 

To INCHE ST*, In-tsh&t'. v. a. To put into a case 
or chest. Sherwood. 

J/NCHPIN, Intsh'-pln. n. s. Some of the inside of a 
deer. Ainsworth. 

FNCHMEAL, insh'-mele. n. s. [inch and meal.] A 
piece an inch long. Sliakspeare. 

To FNCHOATEy, kg'-ko-ate. 91. v. a. [inchoo, 
Lat.] To begin ; to commence. More. 

INCHOATE*, kg'-k6-ate. a. Begun ; en'cred upon 
Bp. Hall. 

FNCHOATELY*, kg'-k6-ate-le. ad. In an incipient 
degree. Bp. Hall. 

INCHOA'TION^ng-ki-a'-shun. n. s. Inception ; be- 
ginning. Bacon. 

INCHOATIVE, k-k6'-a-tlv. 157. a. Inceptive ; not 
ing inchoation or beginning. W. Mountague. 

To INCIDE, k-slde'. v.a. \incido, Lat.] Medicines 
are said to irtcide which consist of pointed and 
sharp particles ; as acids and expectorating medi- 
cines are said to incide or cut the phlegm. Ar- 
hnihnot. 

INCIDENCE, fo'-se-deW. } n. s. [incido, Lat. to 

FNCIDENCY, k'-se-den-se. \ fall.] The direction 
with which one body strikes upon another; and the 
angle made by that line, and the plane struck upon, 
is cajled the angle of incidence. Bacon, [incidens, 
Lat.] Accident; hap; casualty. Sliakspeare. 

FNCIDENT §, k'-se-dent. a. [incident, Fr. ; incidens, 
Lat.] Casual ; fortuitous ; occasional ; happening 
accidentally; issuing in beside the main design; 
happening beside expectation. Hooker. Happen- 
ing; apt to happen. South. 

FNCIDENT, k'-se-dent. n. s. Something happening 
beside the main design ; casualty. Bacon. 

INCIDENTAL, k-se-den'-tal. a. Incident; casual; 

happening by chance. Milton. 
INCIDENTALLY, k-se-den'-lal-e. ad. Beside the 

main design ; occasionally. Sanderson. 
INCIDENTLY, k'-se-dent-le. ad. Occasionally; 

by the by ; by the way. Bacon. 
To INCINERATE §, k-sk'-ner-ate. v. a. [in and 

cineres, Lat.] To burn to ashes. Bacon. 
INCINERA'TION, k-sk-ner-ra'-shfln. n. s. The 

act of burning any thing to ashes. Skellon. 
INCFPIENCY*, k-sk'-e-en-se. «. *. Beginning; 
commencement. 



INCIPIENT y *, k-sk'-e-ent. a. [incipiens, Lat,] 
Commencing. Bp. Berkeley. 

To INCFRCLE §*. See To Encircle. 

INCFRCLET*, k-seV-klet. n. s. A small circle. 
Sidney. 

INCIRCUMSCRFPTIBLE*, In-seV-kum-skrlp'-te- 
bl. a. \in and circmnscriptible.] Not to be bound 
or confined. Abp. Cranmer. 

INCIRCUMSPE'CTION, k-ser-kum-spSk'-shfin. 
n. s. [in and circumspection.'] Want of caution ; 
want of heed. Brown. 

to INCFSE §*, k-slze'. v.a. [incisus, Lat.] To cut; 
to engrave ; to carve. Carew. 

INCFSED, k-slzd'. 362. a. Cue; made by cutting 
Wiseman. 

INCFSION,ln-s?zb'-fin. n.s. [incisio, Lat.] A cut > 
a wound made with a sharp instrument. Sharp 
Division of viscosities by medicine. Bacon. 

INCFSlVE,n>si'-s]v. 158, 428. a. [incisif, Fr.] Hav- 
ing the quality of cutting or dividing. Boyle. 

INCFSOR, In-sl'-sor. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Cutter; tooth 
in the forepart of the mouth. Berdmore. 

INCFSORY, k-sV-sfir-e. 512. [For the 0, see Do- 
mestick.] a. [incisoire, Fr.] Having the quality 
of cutting. 

INCFSURE, k-sfeh'-ure. n.s. [incisura, Lat.] A 
cut ; an aperture. Derham. 

INCITA'TlONjk-se-uV-shun. n.s. Incitement; in 
centive; motive; impulse. Sir T. Elyot. 

To INCFTE yjn-slte'. v.a. [incilo, Lat.] To stir up, 
to push forward in a purpose ; to animate ; to spur ; 
to ure:e on. Bacon. 

INCITEMENT, k-slte'-ment. n. s. Motive ; incen 
tive; impulse; inciting cause. Hooker. 

INCFTER*, k-si'-t&r. n. s. An inciting cause ; that 
which encourages. Feltham. '. 

FNCFVILy.k-sfv'-vil. a. [incivil, Fr.] Unpolished. 

FNCIVFLIT Y, k-se-vll'-le-te. n. s. Want of courtesy ; 
rudeness. Tillolson. Act of rudeness. Bp. Taylor. 

INCFVILLY*, k-slv'-vil-le. ad. Rudely. 

To INCLA'SP*, k-klasp'. v. a. To hold fast ; to 
clasp. Cudworth. 

FNCLAVATED*,kg / -kla-va-ted. a. [in and clava- 
tus, Lat.] Set; fast fixed. 

INCLEMENCY §, in-klem'-men-se. n. s. [inclemen- 
tia, Lat.] Unmercifulness ; cruelty ; severity; harsh- 
ness; roughness. Dry den. 

INCLE'MENT, k-klem'-ment. a. [in and clemens, 
Lat.] Unmerciful; unpitying ; void of tenderness ; 
harsh. Mi/Ion. 

INCLINABLE, k-kll'-na-bl. a. Haying a propen- 
sion of will ; favourablv disposed; willing. Spenser. 
Having a tendency. Berdley. 

INCLINA'TION, k-kle-na'-sh&n. n. s. [inclinatio, 
Lat.] Tendency towards any point. Newton. Nat- 
ural aptness. Addison. Propension of mind ; fa- 
vourable disposition ; incipient desire. Clarendon. 
Love ; affection ; regard. Drijden. Disposition of 
mind. Shak. Flexion ; the act of bowing. Spenser. 
The tendency of the magnetical needle to the east 
or west. Gregory. [In pharmacy.] The act by 
which a clear liquor is poured off from some faeces 
or sediment by only stooping the vessel, which is 
also called decantation. Quincy. 

INCLINATORY, k-klk'-a-tur-e. a. Having a 
quality of inclining to one or other. Brown. Ap- 
plied to the magnetical needle. Gregory. 

Q^T I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the quantity of 
the vowel in the second syllable of this word, as well aa 
in declinatory. My reason is, that the termination 
atory has a tendency to shorten the preceding vowel, as 
is evident in declamatory, predatory, &c. which have 
the vowel in the second syllable short, though it is long 
in the Latin words from which these are derived. TV. 

INCLFNATORILY,k-klln'-a-tfir-e-le. ad. Oblique- 
ly; with inclination to one side or the other- 
Brown. 

To INCLFNE y, k-kllne'. v. n. [incline, Lat.] To 
bend ; to lean ; to tend towards any part Prov. ii 
To bend, the body ; to bow. Fairfax. To be fa 
vourably disposed to; to feel desire beginning. 
Judges. 

& 498 



INC 



INC 



— 116, move, nAr, not; — tube, (fib, bull; — 6il; — p6&ncl j — thm, Tuis. 



To INCLI'Nfc, in-kllne'. v.a. To give a tendency or 

direction to any place or stale/ Milton. To turn 
towards any thing, as desirous or attentive. Com- 
mon Prayer. To bend j to incurvate. Spenser. 
INCLI'NER*, in-kll'-nur. n. s. [In dialling.] An in- 

dined dial. Diet, of Arts. 
To INCLIP, fo-fcllp/. v. a. [wiandc/tp.] To grasp; 

to enclose ; to surround. Shakspeare. 
To lNCLO'ISTER,ln-kldls'-tur. v. a. To shut up in 

a cloister. Lovelace. 
To INCLOSE §*. See To Enclose. 
INCLO SER* See Encloser. 
INCLO'SURE*. See Enclosure. 
To INCLO UD, lu-kldfid'. v. a. [in and cloud.] To 

darken ; to obscure. 
To INCLU'DE §, in-klude'. v. a. [includo, Lat.] To 
enclose ; to shut in. To comprise ; to comprehend. 
Bacon. 
INCLUSION*, in-klu'-zhun. n. s. The act of in- 
cluding. 
INCLUSIVE, In-klMv. 158, 428. a. Enclosing; 
encircling. Slutk. Comprehended in the sum or 
number : as, from Wednesday to Saturday inclu- 
sive ; that is, both Wednesday and Saturday taken 
into the number. Swift. 
INCLUSIVELY, in-khV-siv-le. ad. The thing men- 
tioned reckoned into the account. Hale. 
To INCO'ACH*. See To Encoach. 
INCOACT* m-k6-akt'. ) a. [incoactus, Lat.] 

INCOA CTED*, in-kd-akt'-ed. \ Unconstrained. 
INCOA'GULABLE, In-ki-ag'-gu-la-bl. a. [in and 

coagulable.] Incapable of concretion. 
INCOEXI'STENCE, In-k6-eg-zfs'-tense. ?i.s. [in 
and coexistence.] The quality of not existing to- 
gether. Locke. 
INCO'G, In-kfig''. od. [corrupted by mutilation from 

incognito, Lat.] Unknown ; in private. Addison. 
INCO GIT ABLE §* hi-kod'-je-ta-bl. a. [incogitab- 

ilis, Lai.] Unthought of. Dean King. 
INCO'GITANCY, m-k&d'-je-tan-se. ».* Want of 

thought. Ferrand. 
INCO'GlTANT*,ln-k6d'-je-tant. a. Thoughtless ; in- 
considerate. Milton. 
INCOG1TANTLY*, In-k&d'-je-tant-le. ad. With- 
out consideration. Knatchbull. 
INCO GITATIVE, in-k&d'-je-ta-uV. a. Wanting 

the power of thought. Locke. 
INCOGNITO, m-kSg'-ne-t6. ad. [incognito, Ital.] 

In a state of concealment. Prior: 
INCOHERENCE, in-ko-he'-rense. ) n. s. [in and 
INCOHE'RENCY,in-k6-he'-ren-se. ) coherence.] 
Want of cohesion; looseness of material parts. 
Boyle. Want of connexion ; incongruity ; incon- 
sequence of argument ; want of dependence of one 
part upon another. Locke. 
INCOHERENT, m-ki-he'-rent. a. [in and coherent.] 
Wanting cohesion ; loose. Woodward. Inconse- 
quential; inconsistent; having no dependence of 
one part upon another. Locke. Not suitable to ; not 
agreeing. Milton. 
INCOHERENTLY, m-ko-he'-rent-le. ad. Incon- 
sistently ; inconsequentially. Broome. 
INCOLU'MITY, fn-k6-hV-me-te. n. s. [incolumitas 

Lat.] Safety; security. Howell. Little in use. 
To INCO'MBER*. See To Encumber. 
To INCOMBPNE* In-kom-blne'. v. n. [in and com- 
bine.] To differ ; not to agree, Milton. 
INCOMBUSTIBILITY, in-k&m-b&s-te-blF-e-te. 
n. s. The quality of resisting fire so that it cannot 
consume. Ray. 
INCOMBUSTIBLE §, In-kSm-bus'-te-bl. a. [in and 
combustible.] Not to be consumed by fire. Wilkins. 
INCOMBUSTIBLENESS, ?n-k6m-bus'-te-bl-nes. 

n.s. The quality of not being wasted by fire. 
1'NCOME, In'-kfim. 165. n. s. [in and come.] Reve- 
nue; produce of any thing. South. Coming in; 
admission ; introduction. Bp. Rust. 
INCO'MING*, In-kum'-Ing. a.. Coming in. Burke. 
INCOMMENSURABILITY, in-k&m-men-shu-ra- 
bll'-e-te. n.s. The state of one thing with respect to 
another, when they cannot be compared by any 
common measure. Aubrey, 



INCOMMENSURABLE §, in-k&m-men'-shu-ra-bl 

405. a. [in, con, and mensurabiHs, Lat.J lNot to d* 

reduced to any measure common to both. Watts. 

INCOMMENSURATE, In-kdm-men'-shu-rate. 91. 

a. Not admitting one common measure. More. 

lNCOMMIXTURE*, in-kdm-miks'-tshure. ». *. 
The state of being unmixed. Sir T. Brown. 

To INCOMMODATE §, hi-konV-mfi-date. 91. ) 

To INCOMMO'DE§, m-k&m-mide'. \ 

v.a. [incommodo, Lat.] To be inconvenient to; to 
hinder or embarrass without very great injury. Bp. 
Hall. 

INCOMMODIOUS, Jn-k&m-mo'-de-os, or hi-kftm- 
mo'-je-us. 293. a. Vexatious without great mischief 
Hooker. 

INCOMMODIOUSLY, in-kfim-m^-de-us-le. ad 
Inconveniently ; not at ease. Harrington. 

INCOMMO'DIOUSNESS, in-k6m-m6'-de-5s-nes 
n. s. Inconvenience. Burnet. 

INCOMMO'DITY, In-kom-mdd'-e-te. n.s. [incom 
modite, Fr.] Inconvenience ; trouble. Spenser. 

IN COMMUNIC ABILITY, m-kom-mu-ne-ka-bil' 
e-te. n. s. The quality of not being impartible. 
Hales. 

INCOMMUNICABLE Un-kom-mu'-ne.-ka-bl. 405. 
a. [in and communicable.] Not impartible ; not to 
be made the common right, property, or quality, of 
more than one. King Charles. Not to be express 
ed ; not to be told. South. 

INCOMMU'NICABLENESS*, m-k6m-mu'-ne-ka- 
bl-nes. n. s. The state or quality of not being im- 
partible. Mede. 

INCOMMU NICABLY, m-k&m-mu'-ne-ka-ble. ad. 
In a manner not to be imparted or communicated 
Hakewill. 

IN COMMUNICATED*, ln-k6m-mu'-ne-ka-ted. a 
Not imparted. 

LNCOMMU'NICATING, in-kom-mu'-ne-ka-tmg. a 
Having no intercourse with each other. Hale. 

INCOMMU T ABLE §*, in-kom-nuY-ta-bl. a. [in ana 
commutable.] Unchangeable ; not subject to change 
Bullokar. 

INCOMMUTABFLITY*, m-k&m-mu-ta-bil'-e-te. 
n. s. The stale or quality of being unchangeable. 
Transl. of Boethius. 

INCOMPA'CT, in-k&m-pakf . ) a. [in and 

INCOMPA'CTED, fn-kom-pak'-ted. S compact.] 
Not joined; not cohering. Boyle. 

INCO'MP ARABLE §, m-k&m'-pa-ra-bl. a. [in ane 

' comparable.] Excellent above compare; excellent 
beyond all competition. Sidney. 

95= This is among some of the words in our language, 
whose accentuation astonishes foreigners, and some- 
times puzzles natives. What can be the reason, say 
they, that comparable and incomparable have not the 
same accent as the verb compare 1 To which it mar 
be answered :— One reason is, that the English are fond 
of appearing in the borrowed robes of other languages: 
and, as comparable and incomparable may possibly be 
derived from ctnnparabilis and incomparabilis, they 
seem desirous of laying the stress on the first syllable, 
both to show their affinity to the Latin words, (see Aca- 
demy,) ond to distinguish them from the homespun 
words formed from our own verb. When this distinc- 
tion is once adopted, the mind, which is always labour- 
ing to express its ideas distinctly and forcibly, finds a 
sort of propriety in annexing different ideas to the 
different accentuation ; and thus the distinction be- 
comes accurate and classical. If we may con, pare small 
things with great, it may be observed, that the evils of 
language, like other evils in nature, produce some good. 
But it msy be likewise observed; that producing dif- 
ferent meanings by ft different accentuation of words, 
is but a bungling way of promoting the copiousness of 
languages, and ought, as much as possible, to be dis- 
couraged ; especially when it adds to the difficulty, 
and takes away from the harmony, of pronunciation. 
Besides, there is a petty criticism, which always in- 
duces coxcombs in pronunciation to carry these dis- 
tinctions farther than they ought to go. Not content 
with accenting acceptable, admirable, commendable, 
comparable, lamentable, &c.,on the first syllable, which 
implies not a r.oere capacity of being accepted, admired, 
&.c, but a worthiness of being accepted, admired, &c. ; 
corruptible, and susceptible are sometimes accented in 
this manner, without the least necessity from a differ* 
-199 



INC 














INC 


rc? 550.- 


-Fite 


far 


fall, 


fat;- 


— me, m£t ;- 


—pine 


, p?n ;— 



ence of signification. In short, all those refinements in 
language, which are difficult to be understood, and pro- 
ductive of perplexity, ought to be considered rather as 
evils than advantages, and to be restrained within as 
narrow bounds as possible. — Seo Bowl. W. 



INCOMPARABLENESS*. fn-kom'-pa-ra-bl-n&s. 

n. s. Excellence bevond comparison. Scott. 
INCOMPARABLY, m-k6nV-pa-ra-ble. ad. Beyond 
comparison ; without competition. Hooker. Excel- 
lently ; to the highest degree. Addison. 
INCOMPA'RED* m-k6m-par'd / . a. [in and com- 
pared.] Unmatched ; peerless. Spenser. 
INCOMPA'SSIONATES, jn-kdm-pash'-fin-ate. 91, 
a. [in and compassionate.'] Void of pity ; void of ten- 
derness. Sherburne. 
INCOMPA'SSIONATELY*, m-kom-pash'-un-ate- 

le. ad. Without pity or compassion. 
INCOMPA'SSIONATENESS*, Jn-k6m-pash'-un- 
ate-n^s. n. s. Want of tenderness or pity. Granger. 
INCOMPATIBPLITY, m-kom-pat-e-blK-e-te. [See 
Compatible.] n. s. Inconsistency of one thing 
with another. Wotton. 
INCOMPATIBLE $, m-kom-pat'-e-bl. a. [incompa- 
tible, Fr.; rather incompetible, as it is sometimes 
written; in and competo, Lat.] Inconsistent with 
something else ; such as cannot subsist, or cannot be 
possessed, together with something else. Suckling. 
INCOMPATIBLY,- In-kom-pat'-e-ble. ad. Incon- 
sistently. 
INCOMPETENCY, in-kW-pe-ten-se. n. s. Inabil- 
ity; want of adequate ability or qualification. 
Boyle. 
[N COMPETENT $,m-kom'-pe- tent, a. [in and com- 
petent.] Not suitable ; not adequate ; not propor- 
tionate. In the civil law, it denotes some defect of 
right to do any thing. Bacon. 
INCOMPETENTLY, Jn-k&m'-pe-tent-le. ad. Un- 
suitably; unduly. 
INCOMPLETE §, m-k&m-plete'. a. [in and com- 
plete.] Not perfect ; not finished. Hooker. 
INCOMPLETENESS, fn-kdm-plete'-nSs. n.s. Im- 
perfection ; unfinished state. Milton. 
INCOMPLE'X*, in-kom-plelcs'. a. [in and co?nplex.] 

Complicated : opposed to simple. Barrow. 
INCOMPLIANCE, Jn-kom-pH'-anse. n.s. [in and 
compliance.] Untractableness ; impracticableness; 
contradictious temper. Tillotson. Refusal of com- 
pliance. Rogers. 
INCOMPO'SED, m-k6m-p6z r d'. 359. a. Disturbed; 

discomposed; disordered. Milton. 
INCOMPOSSIBI'LITY, in-k6m-p&s-se-b?F-e-te. 
n.s. Quality of being not possible but by the nega- 
tion or destruction of something. More. 
INCOMPO'SSIBLE §,in-k6m-p6s'-se-bl. a. [in.con, 
and possible..] Not possible together; not possible 
but by the negation of something' else. 
INCOMPREHENSIBILITY , in-k6m-pre-hen-se- 
bll'-e-te. n, s. [incotnprehensibilite , Fr.] Uncon- 
ceivableness ; superiority to human understandino- 
South. ° 

INCOMPREHENSIBLE, nvk&m-pre-hen'-se-bl. 
405. a. Not to be conceived ; not to be fully under- 
stood. Hammond. Not to be contained. Hooker 
INCOMPREHENSIBLENESS, in-k&m-pre-hen'- 

se-bl-ne's. n.s. Unconceivableness. Watts. 
INCOMPREHENSIBLY, m-k6m-pre-hen'-se-ble. 

ad. In a manner not to be conceived Locke. 
INCOMPREHENSION* m-^ m _ pr ;_ heQ ,. shan . l 

n.s. Want of compr^ ion j*,,^ 
INCOMPRE^ ^tw* : » ' -on. . , 

[in- n A,. n u '• «J-k6m-pre-hen'-s?v. a. 

»WpRF^toJ l^iftK barton. 
fin^f ESfeI ?LEMn-k,6m,pr^-se-bl. 405. a. 
1 2$ fyressible.] Not cap& 'of being com- 



INCONCE'IVABLENESS*, in-kftn-se'-va-bl-nes 
n. s. The quality or state of being inconceivable 



"• s - Ifisanarutv in k~ i . . r <T 



JCF^? C i^r°i, be s S ^ eezed » "k'Jess 



not to 



INCON 
coneey m to be ^ 

JN l° NC S /I 7, ABLE ^^k6n-se'-v W- «• C« and 
^Zm 1 ^^™*^ ^conceived 



room. 
[in and 
be kept secret. 



Brevint. 
INCONCEIVABLY, to-k&n-se'-va-ble. ad. In a 

manner beyond comprehension. South. 
INCONCE'PTIBLE, fn-kdn-sep'-te-bl. a. f> and 
conceptible.] Not to be conceived ; incomprehensi 
ble; inconceivable. Hale. Ob. J 
INCONCINNITY* hi-k&n-sin'-ne-te. n.s. [incon 
cinniias, Lat.] Unaptness ; unsuitableness ; dispro 
portion. More. 
FNCONCLU'DENT, m-k6n-klu'-dent. a. Inferring 

no consequence. Ayliffe. 
INCONCLU DING fa fn-k6n-klu'-d?ng. part. a. [in 
and conclude.] Exhibiting no powerful argument ; 
inferring no consequence. Pearson. 
INCONCLUSIVE, in-k6n-klu/-s?v. a. Not enforcing 
any determination of the mind ; not exhibiting co 
gent evidence. Dr. Warton. 
INCONCLUSIVELY, m-k6n-khV-slv-le. ad. With 
out any such evidence as determines the under 
standing. 
INCONCLU'SIVENESS, ?n-k6n-klu/-siv-nes. n. s. 

Want of rational cogency. Locke. 

INCONCO'CTUn-kon-kokt'. )a. [in and 

INCONCO'CTED §, m-kon-k&kt'-ed. \ concoct.] 

Unripened ; immature ; not fully digested. Bacon. 

INCONCO'CTION, in-kdn-kok'-shun. n. s. The 

state of being indigested. Bacon. 
INCONCU RRING, in-k&n-kur'-lng. a. [in and con- 
cur.] Not concurring. Brown. 
INCONCU'SSIBLE* in-k&n-kus'-se-bl. a. [incon 
cussus, Lat.] Incapable of being shaken. Bp 
Reynolds. 
INCONDITE, m'-k6n-dhe. [m-kon-dlte', Sheridan ; 
fn-kdn'-dfr, Perry ; ?n-k6n'-dlte, Jones.] [See Re- 
condite.] a. [inconditus, Lat.] Irregular; rude; 
unpolished. Burton. 
INCONDITIONAL, fn-kon-dish'-un-al. a. [in and 
conditional.] Having no exception, limitation, or 
stipulation. Brown. 
INCONDITIONATE, m-k&n-dlsh'-un-ate. 91. a. 
Not limited ; not restrained by any conditions ; ab- 
solute. Boyle. 
INCONFO'RMITY, m-kon-for'-me-te. n. s. [in and 
conformity.] In compliance with the practice of 
others. Hooker. Refusal to join in the established 
religion. Abp. Laud, 
INCONFU'SED^*, m-kon-AVd'. a. [ineonfusus, 

Lat.l Not confused; distinct. Bacon. 
INCONFU SION, in-k6n-fiV-zhun. n.s. Distinctness. 

Bacon. Ob. J. 
INCONGE'LABLE*, m-kon-jeMa-bl. a. [in and 

CGPgelable.] Not to be frozen. Cockeram. 
INCONGRUENCE im-k6ng / -gri\-en5e. 408. n.s. 
[in and cort^nience.] Unsuitableness; want of 
adaptation. 'Boyle. ''*'". 

INCONGRUENT*, m-kong^n-u-ent. a. Unsuita- 
ble ; unfit ; inconsistent. Sir T. Elyot. 
INCONGRUITY, hi-kon-gru'-e-te. n. s. Unsuita- 
bleness of one thing to another. Stilling fleet. In 
consistency; inconsequence; absurdity; impro- 
priety. Dry den. Disagreement of parts ; want of 
symmetry. Donne. 
INCONGRUOUS, in-k6ng / -gru-us. a. [in and con- 
g-nious.] Unsuitable 3 not fitting. Stilling fleet. In- 
consistent; absurd. ' 

Congruously, n-kdw-gru-fis-ie. ad. im 

oerly; unfitly. KnatchbuU. 
?NNE'XEDLY, fa-k6n-nek'-sed-le. ad, [in and 
1 Without any connexion or dependence 



*rtvJ' 

l/cpN 
connex 



INCONNE'XION^ hi-k&n-nek'-shun n s [in and 
Annexion.] Want of connexion or just relation. Bp 



Hall. 



thpmind. Hammond., 



INCONSCIONABLEjn-k&n'.shan-a-bl 405.«. [in 

and consciombk.] Void of the .sense of good and 

evil; without influence of conscience Spenser 

INCONSEQUENCES, m-k&n'-se-kw^nse. n. s. [in 

■ mImSSS. Lat.] Inconclusiveness; want of just 

!NCON^ - P" ™ d 



n-kon'-se-kwent. 
500 



INC 



INC 



—116, move, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull;— dll;— pound;— thin, THis. 



■mthmierts, Lat.] Without just conclusion ; without 
regular inference. Hakewill. 
INCONSEQUENTIAL*, ?n-k<W-kwen'-shi\|. a. 

Not leading to consequences. £rf. Chesterfield. 
INCONSIDERABLE Mn-kon-sid'-er-a-bl. 405. a. 
[in and considerable] Unworthy of notice ; unim- 
portant. Denham. 
INCONS1 DERABLENESS. in-k6n-sid'-er-a-bl- 

nh. n. s. Small importance. Tiltofson. 
INCONSI'DERACY* In-kon-sid'-er-a-se. n. s. 
Thoughtlessness. This word is modern ; the old 
word was inconsiderancy . Ld. Chesterfield. 
INCONSFDERANCE*. See Inconsideracv. 
INOOWSI'DERATE, fe-koft-sIcKer-ate. 91: a. [in- 
c on si derattis, Lat.] Careless; thoughtless; negli- 
gent ; inattentive ; inadvertent. Donne. Wanting 
due regard. Decay of Piety. 
INCONSIDERATELY, in-k&n-sld'-er-ate-le. 91. 
ad. Negligently; thoughtlessly; inattentively. Ba- 
con. 
INCONSFDERATENESS, in-k&n-sid'-er-ate-nes. 
91. v. s. Carelessness; thoughtlessness; negli- 
gence ; inadvertence. Tillotson. 
INCONSIDERA'TION, Tn-k6n-s'fd-er-a'-sh5n. n. s. 
Want of thought; inattention; inadvertence. Donne. 
INCONSISTENCE, hi-kon-s?s'-tense. ) n. s. Such 
NCONSFSTENCY, ?n-k6n-s?s'-len-se. \ opposition 
as that one proposition infers the negation of the 
other; such contrariety thai both cannot be togeth- 
er. South. Absurdity in argument or narration ; 
argument or narrative where one part destroys the 
other; self-contradiction. Incongruity. Addison. 
Unsteadiness : changeableness. 
INCONSISTENT §, in-kiWs'-tent. a. [in and con- 
sistent.] Incompatible 5 not suitable ; incongruous. 
Clarendon. Contrary. Locke. Absurd. 
INCONSISTENTLY, in-kdn-sis'-tent-le. ad. Ab- 
surdly; incongruously; with self-contradiction. 
Svenser. 
INCONSFSTENTNESS*. m-k6n-sis'-tent-nes. n.s. 

Want of consistency. More. 
1NCONSFSTING, fn-kon-sls'-tlng.a. Not consistent ; 

incompatible with. Dryden. Ob. J. 
INCONSOLABLE, In-kdn-soMfc-bl. a. [in and con- 
sole.] Not to be comforted ; sorrowful beyond sus- 
ceptibility of comfort. Addison.. 
INCONSONANCY, m-kon'-so-nan-se. n. s. [in and 
consonancy .] Disagreement with itself, fin musick.] 
Uisagreeableness in a sound ; a discordance. 
INCONSPFCUOUS, In-kdn-spik'-u-fls. a. [in and 
conspicuous.] Indiscernible ; not perceptible by the 
sight. Boyle. 
INCONSTANCY,, m-kon'-slan-se. n. s. Unsteadi- 
ness; want of steady adherence ; mutability of tem- 
per or affection. Slia/cspeare. Diversity; dissimili- 
tude. Woodward. 
INCONSTANT Mn-k&n'-stant. a. [inconsians, Lat.] 
Not firm in resolution ; not steady in affection ; 
wanting perseverance. Sidney. Changeable 3 mu- 
table ; variable. Shakspeare. 
INCONSTANTLY* m-k&n'-stani-le. ad. Irreso- 
lutely; unsteadily; changeably. 
INCONSUMABLE, rn-k&n-siV-ma-bl. a. [in and 

consume.] Not to be wasted. Greenhill. 
INCONSU'MMATE*, in-kon-sum'-mate. a. [in and 

consummate] Not completed. Hale. 
INCONSU / iWPTIBLE,?n-k6n-sfim / -te-bJ.412. a. [in 
and consumptus, Lat.] Not to be spent ; not to be 
brought to an end ; not to be destroyed by fire. 

INCONTE / STABLE$,m-k5n-tes'-ta-bl.a. [*■ and 
contest.] Not to be disputed ; not admitting debate ; 
uncontrovertible. Locke. 

INCONTE'STABLY, in-kon-tes'-ta-ble. ad. Indis- 



Lat.] Unchaste; indulging unlawful pleasure. 2 
Tim. iii. 
INCONTINENT*, fn-kon'-te-nent, n. 3. One who is 

unchaste. B. .lonson. 
INCONTINENT, fn-kon'-te-nent. ad. Without de 

lay ; immediately. Spenser. Ob. J. 
INCONTINENTLY, in-kdn'-te-nent-le. ad. Un 

chastely ; without restraint of the appetites. Wool 

ton. Immediately ; at once. Hayward. 
INCONTRA'CTED*, ?n-kdn-trakt'-ed. a. Not con- 

traded ; not shortened. Blackuall. 
INCONTRO'LLABLE**, In-kon-trtte'-a-bl. a. Not 

to be controlled, or resisted. Sir E. Sa?ulys. 
INCONTRO'LLABLY* In-k6n-tr6le'-a-ble. ad. 

Without control. South. 
INCONTROVERTIBLE $, ln-kdn-tro-ver'-te-bL 

405. a. [in and controvertible.] Indisputable 5 not 

to be disputed. 
INCONTROVERTIBLY, ?n-k6n-tr6-ver'-te-ble 

ad. To a degree beyond controversy or dispute. 

Broun. 
INCONVENIENCE*, fn-kon-ve'-ne-ense. ) 
INCONVENlENCYi Jn-k6n-ve'-ne-en-se. \ n ' y ' 

[inconvenient, Fr.] Unfitness ; inexpedience. Hook- 
er. Disadvantage ; cause of uneasiness ; difficulty 

Raleigh . 
To INCONVENIENCE*, m-k6n-v£'-ne-ense. v. a. 

To trouble ; to put to inconvenience. Hales. 
INCONVENIENT, in-k6n-ve'-ne-ent. a. Incommo 
Spenser. Unfit; inexpe 



putably; uncontrovertiblv. Blackwall. 

INCONTFGUOUS,?n-k6n-t?g'-gu-&s. a. [in and con- 
tiguous.] Not touching each other; not joined to- 
gether. Boyle. 

INCONTINENCE, ?n-k6n'-le-nense. ) n.s. Inabili- 

1NCONT1NENCY, In-kon'-te-nen-se. \ ty to re- 
strain the appetites • unchastity. Shakspeare. 

INCONTINENT, m-Kon'-te-nent. a. [incontinens, 



dious ; disadvantageous. 

dient. Hooker. 

INCONVENIENTLY, in-kdn-ve'-ne-ent-le. ad. Un 

fitly; incommodiously. Unseasonably. A'mstcorth. 

INCONVERSABLE', Jn-k6n-veV-sa-bl. a. [in and 

conversable.] Incommunicative ; unsocial. More. 
INCONVERTIBLE, In-k&n-veV-te-bl. a. [in and 
convertible] Not transmutable ; incapable of change. 
Brown. 
INCONVINCIBLE$, in-k6n-vm'-se-bl. a. [in and 
convincible.] Not to be convinced ; not capable of 
conviction. Government of the Tongue. 
1NCONVFNCIBLY, fn-kdn-vnV-se-ble. ad. Without 

admitting conviction. Brown. 
INCONY, in-ko'-ne. a. [perhaps from in and conn T 
to know.] Unlearned 5 artless. Mischievously un- 
luck} r . An accomplished person, in a sneering 
sense ; as we say, a fine fellow ! Shakspeare. 
INCORPORALi m-kfir'-pi-ral. a. [in and corpo- 
ral] Immaterial ; distinct from matter j distinct 
from body. Raleigh. 
FNCORPORA'LITY, in-koT- P 6-ral'-e-te. n. s. Ira 

materialness ; distinctness from body. 
INCORPORALLY, ?n-kor'-p6-ral-e-" ad. Without 

matter ; immaterially. 
To INCORPORATE §, fn-kSr'-po-rate. r.a. [incor- 
porer, Fr.] To mingle different ingredients so as 
they shall make one mass. Sandys. To conjoin 
inseparably. Slmk. To form into a corporation, or 
body politick. Hooker. To unite ; to associate. 
Addison. To work into another mass. To im- 
body. Sidney. 
To INCORPORATE, fn-kor'-po-rate. v. n. To unite 

with something else. Bacon. 
INCORPORATE. fe-kdr'-po-rate. 91. participial a. 
Mixed together. Bacon. Conjoined inseparably. 
SiwJc. Associated. Slmk. Worked into another 
mass. Temple. Unbodied; immaterial. Raleigh. 
INCORPORATION, ?n-kSr-p6-ra/-shun. n. s. Union 
of divers ingredients in one mass. Bacon. Forma- 
tion of a body politick. Adoption; union; associ- 
ation. Hooker. 
INCORPOREAL, fn-kor-pi'-re-al. a. [ineorporalis, 

Lat.] Immaterial ; unbodied. Bacon. 
INCORPOREALLY, in-kdr-po'-re-al-e. ad. Imma- 
terially ; without body. Bacon. 
I INCORPORE'ITY, ?n-k6r- P 6-re'-e-te. n. s. [in and 
1 corporeity.] Immateriality ; distinctness from body. 
More. 
To INCORPSE, In-kSrps'. v. a. [in and corpse.] To 

incorporate. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
1NC0RRE'CT$, hi-kor-rekt'. a. [in and correct.] 
Not nicely finished ; not exact; inaccurate. Tory. 
501 



INC 



TNC 



KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— 



Not duly regulated ; not corrected into proper obe- 
dience. Shakspeure. 
JNCORRE'CTION* in-kor-rek'-shfin. n.s. Want of 

correction. Archdeacon Armoay. 
INCORRE'CTLY, fo-kor-rSkt'-le. ad. Inaccurately ; 

not exactly. Ellis. 
INCORRE CTNESS, Jn-kor-rekt'-ngs. n.s. Inaccu- 
racy ; want of exactness. Warton. 
INCORRIGIBLE $, In-kor'-re-je-bl. a. [in and cor- 
rigible.] Bad beyond correction ; depraved beyond 
amendment by any means. Dryden. Not capable 
of amendment. More. 
INCORRIGIBILITY*, m-k&r-re-ie-bil'-e-te. n. 5. 

Depravity beyond amendment. Barrow. 
INCO'RRIGIBLENESS, In-kdr'-re-je-bl-nfis. n. s. 
Hopeless depravity ; badness beyond all means of 
amendment. Locke. 
INCORRIGIBLY, m-kor'-re-je-ble. ad. To a degree 
of depravity beyond all means of amendment. Ros- 
rommoru. 
INCQRRUTT §, m-kor-r&pt'. ; a. [in andcor- 

INCORRUTTED §, In-kor-rup'-ted. \ ruptus, Lat.] 
Free from foulness or depravation. Abp. Cranmer. 
Pure of manners; honest: good. RaJeigh. 
INCORRUPTIBILITY, m-kor-r&p-te-b'n'-e-te. n. s. 
[iiworruptibilite, Fr.] Insusceptibility of corruption. 
Hakewill. 
INCORRUPTIBLE, ?n-k6r-r&p'-te-bl. [See Cor- 
ruptible and Incomparable.] a. Not capable 
of corruption ; itot admitting decay. Milton. 
1NCORRUPTION, In-kor-r&p'-shun. n. s. Inca- 
pacity of corruption. 1 Cor. xv. 
INCORRU'PTNESS, fn-kdr-rupt'-nes. n. s. Purity 
of manners ; honesty ; integrity. Woodward. Free- 
dom from decay or degeneration. 
IN CORRUPTIVE*, In-kor-rfip'-lfv. a. Free from 

decay or Corruption. Akenside. 
ToINCRA'SSATE^, in-kras'-sate. v. a. [in and 
crassus, Lat.] To thicken ; the contrary to attenu- 
ate. Brown, 
To INCRA'SSATE*, In-kras'-sate. v. n. To become 

thick 5 to grow fat. Hammond. 
INCRA'SSATE*, m-kras'-sate. pari. a. Fattened ; 

filled. Hammond. 
INCRASSA'TION, ?n-kras-sa'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of thickening. The state of growing thick. Brown. 
INCRASSATlVE, m-kras'-sa-tlv.512.n.s. Having 

the quality of thickening. Harvey. 
To INCREASE §,m-krese'. v.n. [incresco, Lat.] To 
grow more in number, or greater in bulk 5 to ad- 
vance in quantity or value. DeiA. vi. To be fertile. 
Hale. 
ToINCRE'ASEjn-krese'. v. a. To make more or 

greater. Ezek. v. 
INCRE'ASE, tn'-krese. n. s. Augmentation ; the 
state of growing more or greater. Dryden. In- 
crement-, that which is added to the original stock. 
LeviL xxv. Produce. Num. xviii. Generation. 
Shakspeare. Progeny. 1 Sam. ii. The state of 
waxing, or growing full orbed. Bacon. 
INCRE'ASEFUL*, fn-krese'-ful. a. Abundant of 

produce. Shakspeare. 
INCRE'ASER, In-kre'-sar. 98. n. s. He who in- 
creases. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
INCRE'ASIBLE* In-kre'-se-bl. a. That may be in- 
creased. Sherwood. 
INCREA'TE^, k-kre-ate'. a. [in and creatus, Lat.] 

Not created. Milton. 
INCREASED, In-kre-a'-ted. [See Increment.] a. 

Not created. Clieyne. 
INCREDIBILITY, In-krecl-de-bll'-e-te. n. s. The 

quality of surpassing belief. Dryden. 
INCRE'DIBLE §, fn-kred'-e-bl. 405. a. [incredibilis, 
Lat.] Surpassing belief; not to be credited. Ra^ 
high. 
INCRELMBLENESS, fn-krgd'-e-bl-nes. n.s. Qual- 

itv of being incredible. M. Casaubon. 
INCRE'DIBLY, In-kred'-e-ble. ad. In a manner not 

to be believed. Hakewill. 
INCREDULITY, m-kre-du'-le-te. n. s. Quality of 

not believing ; hardness of belief. Raleigh. 
INCRE'DULOUS§, in-kred'-u-l&s, or m-krgd'-jiV 



15s. 293, 276. a. [incredulus, Lat.] Hard of belief : 
refusing credit. Bacon. 

INCRE'DULOUSNESS, k-kred'-ju-lus-nes. n. y. 
Hardness of belief; incredulity. 

INCRE'MABLE, k-kre'-ma-bl. a. [in and cremo, 
Lat.] Not consumable by fire. Brown. 

FNCREMENT, Ing'-kre-ment. n.s. [incremenivm . 
Lat.] Act of growing greater. Brown. Increase; 
matter added. Woodward. Produce. Phillips. 

{J^rThe inseparable preposition in, with the accent on it, 
when followed by hard c or g; is exactly under the same 
predicament as con ; that is, the liquid and guttural 
coalesce.— See Principles, No. 408. W. 

To FNCREPATE§, kg'-kre-pate. v. a. [inaepo, 
Lat.] To chide ; to reprehend. Cockeram. 

INCREPA'TION, k-kre-pa'-shQn. n. s. [increpfdio 
Lat.] Reprehension; chiding. South. 

To INCRO'ACH*. See To Encroach. * 

INCRU'ENTAL*, k-kr66'-en-tal. a. [incruentu; . 
Lat.] Unbloody ; without bloodshed. Breviut. 

To INCRU'ST §, k-krfistV ) v. a. [incrvMo, 

To INCRU'STATE^, k-kras'-tate. \ Lat.] To cov- 
er with an additional coat adhering to the internal 
matter. Bacon. 

INCRUSTATION, in-krus-uV-shfin. n.s. An adhe- 
rent covering ; something superinduced. Addison. 

ToFNCUBATEMng'-ku-bate. v. n. [incubo, Lat.] 
To sit upon eggs. 

INCUBATION, kg-ku-ba'-shftn. n. s. [incubatio. 
Lat.] The act of sitting upon eggs to hatch them. 
Raleigh. 

INCU'BITURE*, k-ku'-be-tshure. n. s. [incubitns, 
Lat.] Incubation. Ellis. 

FNCUBUS, kg'-ku-bas. n. s. [Lat.] A pretenaed 
fairy or demon. Bp. Hall. The nightman-. 
Floyer. 

To INCULCATE §, k-kul'-kate. v. a. [incvko, Lat.] 
To impress by frequent admonitions ; to enforce by 
constant reoetition. Woolton. 

INCULCATION, kg-kul-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of 
impressing by frequent admonition. Fuller. 

INCULPABLE §, k-kul'-pa-bl. 405. a. [in and 
culpabilis, Lat.] Unblamable : not reprehensible. 
South. 

INCULPABLENESS*, k-k&l'-pa-bl-ngs. n. s. Un- 
blamableness. W. Mountague. 

INCULPABLY, In-kuF-pa-ble. ad. Unblamably; 
without blame. South. 

INCULTUn-bW.a. [incultus, Lat.] Uncultivat- 
ed ; untilled. Burtcn. 

INCULTIVATED*. k-kul'-te-va-ted. a. Not culti- 
vated ; not improved by tillage. Sir T. Herbert. 

INCULTIVA'TION*, livk&l-te-v^-shfin.M.s. Want 
or neglect of cultivation. Berington. 

INCULTURE*, k-k&l'-tshure. n. s. Want or neg- 
lect of cultivation. Fellham. 

INCUMBENCY, k-kum'-ben-se. n. 5. The act or 
state of lying upon another. Evelyn. Imposition as 
a duty. Donne. The state of keeping a benefice. 
Swift. 

INCTJ/MBENT^, k-ktmV-bent. a. [iiieumbens, Lat.] 
Resting upon; lying upon. Milton. Imposed as a 
duty. Sprat. 

INCUMBENT, ?n-kfim'-bent. n. s. He who is in 
present possession of a benefice. Swift. 

To INCUMBER §, fo-kunV-bar. v. a. [encombrer,, 
Fr.] To embarrass. Milton. 

IINCU'MBRANCE* See Encumbrance. 

INCU'MBROUS*, fn-k&m'-br&s. a. Cumbersome ; 
troublesome. Chaucer. 

ToINCU'R^ln-kfir'. v. a. [incurro, Lat.] To be- 
come liable to a punishment or reprehension. 
Hayward. To occur; to press .on the senses. 
Bacon, 

INCURABILITY, In-kiWa-tfl^-te, n, s. Impossi- 
bility of cure ; utter insusceptibility of remedy. 
Harvey. 

INCU'RABLE^n-ku'-ra-bl.^. a. [in and cura- 
ble.] Not admitting remedy ; not to be removed by 
medicine; irremediable; hopeless. Arbutlmot. 

INCU'RABLENESS, ?n-kiV-ra-bl-nes. n.s. Stale of 
not admitting any cure. Fotherby. 
502 



IND 



IND 



-no, move, ndr, n&t;— tube, tub, bull j— 6?1 ;— pound ;— tfun, THis. 



INCU'RABLY, in-ku'-ri-ble. ad. Witliout remedy. 
Locke. 

INCURIO'SITY*. in-ku-re-6s'-e-te.7,. 5 . [incuriosile , 
Fr.] Want ol curiosity; lnatlentiveness ; neel'menco. 
Wbtton. ' 6 ° 

INCU'RIOUS$, hi-ku -re-Qs. «. [;,, aiu i ^n^.] 
Negligent ; inattentive. Fothe.rby. 

INCURIOUSLY*, in-ku'-re-us-le. ad. Without nice 
examination ; without inquisitiveness. Bp. Hall. 

INCU'RIOUSNESS*,hi-ku'-re-us-n&s. ji.s. Negli- 
gence ; inattentiveness ; carelessness. Bp. Hall. 

INCURSION, m-kur 7 -shun.?i.s. [incurro, Lat.] At- 
tack ; mischievous occurrence. South, [incursion, 
Fr.] Invasion without conquest ; inroad ; ravage. 
Bacon. 

To INCU'RVATF^, In-ktV-vate. v. a. [incurvo, 
Lat.] To bend ; to crook. Cheyne. 

To INCU'RVE*, In-k&rv'. v. a. To bow ; to bend. 
Cockeram. 

INCURVA'TION, mg-kur-va'-shun. n. s. The act of 
bending or making crooked. More. State of being 
bent; curvity; crookedness. Glanville. Flexion 
of the bodv in token of reverence. Slillingfleet. 

INCU RVlTY, m-kuW-ve-te. n.s. Crookedness; the 
state of bending inward. Brown. 

To FN D AGATE$, fn'-da-gate. v. a. [indago, Lat.] 
To search ; to beat out. Cockeram. 

INDAGATION, in-da-ga'-shun. n. s. Search ; in- 
quiry ; examination. Boyle. 

FNDAGATOR, in'-da-ga-t&r. 166. n.s. A searcher; 
an inquirer ; an examiner. More. 

ToINDA'MAGE*. See To Endamage. 

To IND EAR $*. See To Endear. 

INDEARMENT*. See Endearment. 

To INDA'RT, in-dart'. r. a. To dart in; to strike 
in. Shakspeai-e. 

To INDEBT§, ln-det'. 374. v. a. To put into debt. 
To oblige ; to put under obligation. St. Luke, xi. 

INDEBTED, in-deY-tgd. part. a. [in and debt] 
Obliged by something received ; bound to restitur 
tion ; having incurred a debt. Hooker. 

INDE'BTMENT*, In-deV-ment. n, s. The state of 
being in debt. Bp. Hall. 

INDECENCY $, In-de'-sen-se. n. s. [indecence, Fr.] 
Any thing unbecoming ; anything contrary to good 
manners ; something wrong, but scarcely criminal. 

INDECENT, in-de'-sent. a. [in and decent.] Unbe- 
coming ; unfit for the eyes or ears. Dmden. 
INDECENTLY, m-de'-sent-le. ad. Without de- 
cency ; in a manner contrary to decency. Burnet. 
INDECl'DUOUS, m-de-sid'-u-us, or m-de-sfd'-ju- 
us. 276, 293. a. [in and deciduous.'] Not falling; 
not shed ; not liable to a yearly fall of the leaf; 
evergreen. Brown. 
INDEfcliMABLE*, m-des'-e-ma-bl. a. [in and deci- 
mable.] Not tithable ; that ought not to pay tithe. 
Cowel. 
IN DECISIONS*, ?n-de-s?zh'-un. n. s. [in and de- 
cision] Want of determination. Shenstone. 
1NDECFSIVE*, In-de-si'-slv. a. [in and decisive.] 

Not determining ; inconclusive. Blair. 
1NDECFSIVENESS*, m-d£-si'-sfv-nes. n. s. Ina- 
bility to terminate any difference, or settle an 
event. 
1NDECLFNABLE, fn-de-kll'-na-bl. a. [indeclinab- 
ilis, Lat.] Not variable; constant. Cockeram. Not 
varied by terminations. Arlmthnot. 
INDECLFNABLY*, m-de-kll'-na-ble. ad. Without 

variation ; constantly. Mountagu. 
INDECO'ROUSS, in-de-ko'-rus, or in-dek'-o-rus. 
[See Decorous.] a. [indecorus, Lat.] Indecent; 
unbecoming. Norris 
&*f* Nothing can show more with what servility we some- 
times follow the Latin accentuation than pronouncing 
this word with the accent on the penultimate. In the 
Latin decerns the o is long, and therefore has the ac- 
cent ; but in dedecorus the o is short, and the accent is 
consequently removed to the antepenultimate: this 
alteration of accent obtains likewise when the word is 
used in English, and this accentuation is perfectly 
agreeable to our own analogy : but because the Latin 
adjective indecorus has the penultimate long, aod con- 



sequently the accent on it, we must desort our own 
analogy, and servilely follow the Latin accentuation, 
although that accentuation has no regard to analogy I 
for why dedecorus and indecorus, words which have 
a similar derivation and meaning, should have the 
penultimate of different quantities, can be resolved into 
nothing hut the caprice of custom; but that so clear an 
analogy of our own language should be subservient to 
the capricious usages of the Latin, is a satire upon the 
good sense and taste of Englishmen. Dr. Ash [in-dec'- 
o-rus, Perry and Jones] is the only one who places the 
accent on the antepenultimate of this word; but what 
is his single authority, though with analogy on his side, 
to a crowd of coxcombs flirting with scraps of Latin ! 
—See Principles, No. 512. W. 
INDECOROUSLY*, ?n-de-k6'-rus-le, or in-dek'-6- 

rfis-le. ad. In an unbecoming manner. 
INDECO'ROUSNESS*, in-de-k6'-rus-nes, or in- 
deV-6-rus-nes. n. s. Impropriety of conduct ; inde- 
cency. Scott. 
INDECOR UM, !n-de-k6'-rftm. *. s. [Lat.] Inde- 
cency ; something unbecoming. Burton. 
INDEED, ln-deed'. ad. [in and deed.] In reality; 
in truth ; in verity. Sidney. Above common rate. 
Sliak. This is to be granted that. Locke. It is 
used sometimes as a slight assertion or recapitula- 
tion in a sense hardly perceptible or explicable : 
as, u I said I thought it was confederacy between 
the juggler and the two servants ; though, indeed, I 
had no reason so to think." Bacon. It isused to note 
concession in comparisons : as, " ships not so 
great of bulk indeed, but of a moie nimble motion." 
Bacon. 
INDEFATIGABLE $, in-de-faF-te-ga-bl. a. [inde- 
fatigabilis, Lat.] Unwearied ; not tired ; not ex- 
hausted by labour. Milton. 
INDEFA / TIGABLENESS*,m-de-fat'-te-ga-bl-ne , s, 

n. s. Unweariness. Parnell. 
INDEFA'TIGABLY, m-de-fat'-te-ga-ble. ad. With- 
out weariness. Bp. Hall. 
INDEFATIGA'TION*, in-de-fat-te-ga'-shun. n. s. 

Unweariness. Gregory. 
INDEFEASIBLE*, In-de-fiV-za-bl. a. Incapable of 

being defeated. Baxter. See Indefeisibee. 
INDEFECTIBFLITY, fn-de-felc-te-bil'-e-te. n. s. 
The quality of suffering no decay ; of being sub- 
ject to no defect. Barrow. 
INDEFECTIBLE Un-de-feV-te-bl. a. [m and de- 
fects, Lat.] Unfailing ; not liable to defect or de- 
cay. Pearson. 
INDEFE'CTIVE*, k-de-fek'-tfv. a. Not defective ; 

sufficient ; perfect. South. 
INDEFE'ISIBLE, m-de-fe'-ze-bl. 439. a. [indefaisi- 
ble, Fr.] Not to be cut off; not to be vacated ; 
irrevocable. Decay of Piety . 
INDEFENSIBLE $, in-de-fen'-se-bl. 439. a. [in ana 
defensus, Lat.] That cannot be defended or main- 
tained. Sandersmi. 
LNDEFENSIVE*, in-de-feV-slv. a. [in and defen- 
sive.] Having no defence. Sir T. Herbert. 
INDEFFCIENCY*. In-de-fish'-en-se. n. s. The 

quality of suffering no delay. Stackhouse. 
INDEFFCIENT*, fn-de-fish'-ent. a. Not failing; 

perfect ; complete. Bp. Reynolds. 
INDEFINABLE* m-de-fl'-na-bl. a. [in and de- 
finable.] Not to be defined. 
INDEFINITE $, ?n-def-e-n?t. 156. a. [indefinitw, 
Lat.] Not determined ; not limited ; not settled. 
Bacon. Large beyond the comprehension of man, 
though not absolutely without limits. Spectator. 
INDEFINITELY, In-deT-e-nlt-le. ad. Without any 
settled or determined limitation. Hooker. To a 
degree indefinite. Ray. 
INDEF1N1TENESS* h)-def-e-n?t-nes. n. s. The 

state or quality of being indefinite. Ash. 
INDEFFNITUDE, In-de-fm'-e-tude. n. s. Quantity 
not limited by our understanding, though yet finite. 
Hale. 
INDELFBERATE, m-de-llb'-ber-ate. 91.) a. tin 
INDELFBERATED,?n-de-uV-ber-i-lecl. \ and de- 
liberate.] Unpremeditated ; done without consider- 
ation. Bp. Bramhall. 
INDELIBFLITY*, fn-del-e-bfl'-e-te. «. *. The 
quality of being indelible. Bp. Horsley. 



IND 



IND 



\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: 



INDEXIBLE $, > i ASkl . . , . n . 5 a. [z« and <fe/»- 
INDE'LEBLE \, \ »«»'-e*l. ^. 3 k] Not to 
be blotted out or effaced, ify. Hall Not to be an- 
nulled. Sprat. 
$£T This word, Mr. Nares observes, both from its French 
and Latin etymology, ought to be written indeleblc ; 
where we may observe, that the different orthogra- 
phy would not make the least difference in the pro- 
nunciation. TV. 

INDE'LIBLY*, in-deT-e-ble. ad. So as not to be ef- 
faced. Brown. 
lNDE'LICACY$,lu-deI'-&-ka-se. n.s. [in and deli- 
cacy.] Want of delicacy j want of elegant decen- 
cy. Addison. 
INDELICATE, in-deF-e-kate. 91. a. Wanting de- 
cency ; void of a quick sense of decency. Warton. 
INDEMNIFICATION, in-dem-ne-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. 
Security against loss or penalty. Reimbursement 
of loss or penalty. Warton. 
STo INDEMNIFY §, in-dem'-ne-fl. v. a. [in and 
damnify.] To secure against loss or penalty. To 
maintain unhurt. Watts. 
fNDE'MNITY, fri-dem'-ne-te. n. s. [indemnity, Fr.] 
Security from punishment ; exemption from pun- 
ishment. King Charles. 
INDEMO'NSTRABLE*, in-de-m6n'-stra-bl. a. [in 
and demonstrable.] Not to be shown ; not capable 
of demonstration. Sir E. Sandys. 
INDENIZATION*, in-den-e-za'-shun. n.s. The act, 

or patent, by which one is made free. Bullokar. 
To INDEN1ZE $*, in-den'-Iz. v. a. [from denizen.] 

To make free. See To Endenize. Bullokar. 
To INDE'NIZEN*, Sn-den'-e-zn. v. a. To make 

free; to naturalize. Overbury. 
2'o INDENTS, In-dent'. v, a. [in and dens, Lat.] 
To mark any thing with inequalities, like a row 
of teeth ; to cut in and out ; to make to wave or 
undulate. Sliakspeare. 
To INDENT, in-dent'. v. n. [from the method of 
cutting counterparts of a contract together.] To 
contract ; to bargain ; to make a compact. SJiak. 
To run in and out. Sliakspeare. 
INDE'NT, in-dent 7 . n. s. Inequality ; incisure ; in- 
dentation. Shak. Stamp. Philos. Transact. 
INDENTATION, in-den-la'-shun. n. s. An inden- 
ture 3 waving in any figure. Woodward. 
INDENTMENT*, m-dent'-ment. n. s. An inden- 
ture. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 
INDENTURE, in-deV-tshure. 461. ?i.s. A covenant, 
so named because the counterparts are indented or 
cut one by the other ; a contract, of which there is 
a counterpart. Hammond. 
To INDENTURE*, fn-den'-tshure. v. a. To indent; 

to wrinkle. Woty. 
INDEPENDENCE, in-de-pen'-dense. ) n. s. Free- 
INDEPE NDENCY, In-de-pen'-den-se. $ domj ex- 
emption from reliance or control ; state over which 
none has power. Addison. The state of those 
called Independents. Pagitt. 
INDEPENDENT §, in-de-peV-dent. a. [in and de- j 
pendent] Not depending; not supported by any 
other; not relying on another; not controlled. 
South. Not relating to any thing else, as to a su- 
periour cause or power. Bentley. Belonging to 
the Independents. Addison. 
INDEPENDENT, In-de-peu'-dent. n.s. One who, in 
religious affairs, holds that every congregation is a 
complete church, subject to no superiour authority. 
Sanderson. 
INDEPENDENTLY, m-de-pen'-dent-le. ad. With- 
out reference to other things. Dryden. 
INDEPRECABLE*,in-dep'-re-ka-bl. a. [indepre- 
cahilis, Lat.] That cannot be entreated. Cockeram. 
INDEPREHENSIBLE*, in-dep-re-hen'-se-bl. a. 
[indeprehensibilis, Lat.] That cannot oe found out. 
Bp. Morton. 
INDEPRFVABLE*, in-de-prl'-va-bl. a. [in and de- 

privable.] That cannot be taken awav. Harris. 
INDESCRTBABLE*, in-de-skrl'-ba-bl. a. [in and 

describableJl That cannot be described. 
INDESE'RT, in-de-zert'. n. s. [inm&desert..] Want 
of merit. Phillips. 



LNDE'SINENT $*, in-des'-se-nent. a. [in and desi- 

nens, Lat.] Incessant. Baxter. 
INDE'SINENTLY, in-des'-se-nent-le. ad. Without 

cessation. May 
INDESTRU'CTIBLE, in-de-strfik'-te-bl. a. [in and 

destructible.] Not to be destroyed. Boyle. 
INDETERMINABLE, in-de-ier'-me-na-bl. 405. a. 
[in and determinable.] Not to be fixed ; not to be 
defined or settled. Brown. 
INDETERMINATE $,in-de-tSr / -me-nate. 91. a. [in 
and determinate.] Unfixed ; not defined ; indefinite. 
j Newton. 
j INDETE'RMINATEL Y, fn-de-teV-me-nate-le. ad. 

Indefinitely ; not in any settled manner. Broun. 
1 ^DETERMINATION, m-de-ter-me-im'-shGn. n.s 
j Want of determination. Bp. Bramhall. 
INDETE'RMINED, In-de-teV-min'd. 359. a. Un 

settled ; unfixed. Locke. 
IN DEVOTE ^in-de-vite'. a. [indevot, Fr.] Cold 

ly devoted ; little affected. Bentley. , 
INDEVOTED^in-de-v^-ted. part. a. Not attached; 

disaffected. Ld. Clarendon.. 
IN DEVOTION, in-de-vo'-shCm. n.s. [in and devo- 
tion.] Want of devotion; irreligion. Donne. 
INDEVOUT, m-de-v6ut/. a. [index-ot, Fr.] Not de- 
vout ; not religious ; irreligious. Bp. Hall. 
INDEVOUTLY*, iin-de-vdut'-le. ad. Without de- 
votion. 
FNDEX, m'-deks. n.s. [Lat.] The discoverer ; the 
pointer out. Arbuthnot. The hand that points to 
any thing, as to the hour or way. Bentley. The 
table of contents to a book. Watts. 
INDEXTE'RITY, fn-deks-uV-e-te. n. s. [in and 
dexterity.] Want of dexterity ; want of readiness ; 
clumsiness ; awkwardness. Harvey. 
FNDIANf, In'-de-an, or m 7 -je-an, or ind'-yan. 83 

294. n. s. A native of India. 
FNDIAN t, in'-rde-an. a. Belonging to India. 
FNDIAN Arrow Root. n. s. A root. Miller. 
FNDIAN Cress, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
FNDIAN Fig. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
FNDIAN In/c*. n. s. A species of ink, not fluid, but 

solid, which is brought from the East Indies. 
FNDIAN Red. n. s. A species of ochre. Hill. 
FNDICANT, in'-de-kant. a. [indicans, Lat.] Show- 
ing ; pointing out ; that which directs what is to be 
done in any disease. 
To FNDICATE $, In'-de-kate. 91. v.a. [indico, Lat.] 
To show; to point out. Malone. [in physick.J 
To point out a remedy. Burke. 
INDICATION, fn-de-ka'-shun. n. s. Mark; token ; 
sign ; note ; symptom. Addison. In physiek, in- 
dication is of tour kinds : vital, preservative, cura- 
tive, and palliative, as it directs what is to be done 
' to continue life, cutting off' the cause of an ap- 
proaching distemper, curing it whilst it is actually 
present, or lessening its effects. Quincy. Dis- 
covery made ; intelligence given. Bentley. Expla- 
nation; displav. Bacon. 
INDICATIVE* In-dik'-ka-tiv. 512. a. Showing; in- 
forming; pointing out. Spenser. [In grammar.] 
A certain modification of a verb, expressing affir 
mation or indication. Clarke. 
INDFCATrVELY, fri-dlk'-ka-uV-le. ad. In such a 

manner as shows or betokens. Grew. 
FNDICATOR*,?u / -de-ka-tur.7j.5. That which shows 

or points out. Smith. 
FNDICATORY*,m / -de-ka-tfir-e. a. Demonstrative j 

clearly pointing out. Donne. 
FNDICE* in'-dls. 142. n. s. [indice, Fr.] Signifi- 
cation ; sign. B. Jonson. Table of contents to a 
book. Spenser. 
To INDFCT $, ) ,„ Ah , 5 v. a. [endict, old Fr. See 
To INDITE $, \ m " dlte ' \ To Endict.1 To 
charge any person by a written accusation before 
a court of justice. Moore. To compose ; to write. 
See To Endite. To proclaim. Barrow. 
INDICTABLE* m-dl'-ta-bl. a. Liable to be in- 
dicted. Blackstone. 
INDFCTER* I ? A u .* S "• s - ° ne who indicts or 
INDITER*, \ ,n " dl * tQr - ? accuses. See End*- 
ter. Sadler. A writer. Hales. 
504 



1ND 



IND 



-n6, move, n6r, n6t ;— uHbe, tftb, bull ; — 6il ;— pdund ;—th\n, this. 



LNDI'CTJON, fa-dlk'-shfin. n. 5. Declaration ; proc- 
lamation. Bacon. [In chronology.] The indicium. 
instituted by Constantine the Great, is properly a 
cycle of tributes, orderly disposed, lor fii teen years, 
and by it accounts of that kind were kept. After- 
wards, in memory of the great victory obtained by 
Constantine over Mezentius, 8 Cal. "Oct. 312, the 
Couucil of Nice ordained that the accounts of years 
should be no longer kept by the Olympiads, but by 
the indiclion, which hath its epocha A. D. 313, 
Jan. 1. Oregon/. 

INDI'CTIVE* ih-dlk'-tiv. a. [indictivus, Lat.] Pro- 
claimed ; declared. Kennet. 

IMM CT3IENT*. See Endict.ment. 

INDFFFERENCE, ?n-dif-feY-ense. ) n. s. Neutral- 

1NDITFERENCY, In-dif -feY-en-se. S ity; suspen- 
sion ; equipoise or freedom from motives on either 
side. Baron. Impartiality. Whitgift. Negligence ; 
want of affection ; un concerned ness. Addison. State 
in which no moral or physical reason preponderates. 
Hooker. 

INDIFFERENT §, ln-dlf-fer-ent. a. [indifferens, 
Lat.] Neutral; not determined to either side. 
Sliak. Unconcerned; inattentive; regardless. Tem- 
ple. Not to have such difference as that the one is 
for its own sake preferable to the other. Hooker. 
Impartial ; disinterested. Ascham. Passable ; hav- 
ing mediocrity; of a middling state. Roscommon. 
In the same sense it has the force of an adverb. 
SKakspeare. 

INDIFFERENTLY, in-d?f-fer-&it-le. ad. With- 
out distinction ; without preference. Newton. Equal- 
ly; impartially. Common Prayer. In a neutral 
state; without wish or aversion. Shak. Not well; 
tolerably; passably; middlingly. Carew. 

INDIGENCE, In'-de-jense. ) n. s. Want ; penury; 

INDIGENCY, in'-de-jen-se. X poverty. Fotherby. 

LNDIGENES*, in'-de-jene. n. s. [indigena, Lat.] A 
native. Evelyn. 

INDIGENOUS, fn-dld' : je-nus. a. Native to a coun- 
try ; originally produced or born in a region. 
Brown. 

INDIGENTS, m'-de-jent. a. [indigens, Lat.] Poor; 
needy; necessitous. Addison. In want; wanting. 
Phillips. Void ; empty. Bacon. 

INDIGE'STMn-de-jest'. ) a. [indvrestus, 

INDIGESTED §, fn-de-jeV-ted. \ Lat.] Not sep- 
arated into distinct orders ; not regularly disposed. 
Raleigh. Not formed or shaped. Shak'. Not well 
considered and methodized. Hooker. Not con- 
cocted in the stomach. Dryden. Not purified or 
sublimed by heat. Wotlon. " Not brought to sup- 
puration. Wiseman: — Indigf.st is obsolete. 

INDIGESTIBLE, ?n-de-jes'-te-bl. a. Not conquera- 
ble in the stomach ; not convertible to nutriment. 
Arbuihnot. Not capable of being received. War- 
ton. 

INDIGESTION, m-de-jes'-tshun. n. s. A morbid 
weakness of the stomach ; want of concoctive pow- 
er. The state of meats unconcocted. Temple. 
Want of concoction. Bp. Hall. 

To INDFGITATES, fn-dM'-je-tale. r. a. [indigito, 
Lat.] To point out; to show by the fingers. 
Brown. 

INDIGITATION, ?n-did-je-ta'-shun. n. s. The act 
of pointing out or showing, as by the finger. 
More. 

INDFGN§, in-dlne'. 385. a. [indignus, Lat.] Un- 
worthy; undeserving. Chaucer. Bringing indig- 
nity; disgraceful. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

LNDI'GNANCE*, In-cuV-nanse. ) n. s. Indignation. 

1NDFGNANCY*, fn-d?g'-nan-se. \ Spenser. 
INDIGNANT §, in-dlg'-nant. a. [indignans, Lat.] 
Angry ; raging ; inflamed at once with anger and 
disdain. Milton. 

INDFGNANTLY^m-dlg'-nant-le. ad. With indig- 
nation. 
INDIGNATION, ?n-d?g-na'-shun. n. s. [indignatio, 
Lat.l Anger mingled with contempt or disgust. 
Sliak. The anger of a superiour. 2 Kings, iii. 
The effect of anger. Sliakspeare. 
To IND1 GNIFY*, m-dlg'-ne-fl. * a. To treat dis- 
64 



dainfully. Spenser. To treat unbecomingly. Spen* 
str. 

INDl'GNLY*. m-dlne'-le. a. Unworthily 5 not ac- 
cording to desert. Bp. Hall. 

IND1 GNITY, ?n-dlg'-ne-te. n. s. [indignitas, Lat.] 
Contumely; contemptuous injury; violation of 
right accompanied with insult. Hooker. 

FNDIGO, in'-de-go. 112. n. s. [indicum, Lat.] A 
plart, by the Americans called anil : from it indigo 
is made, which is used in dying for a blue colour. 
Miller. ' 

INDFLATORY*. In-dll'-a-tflr-e.o. [in and dilatory] 
Not slow ; not delaying. Cornwallis. 

INDFLIGENCE*,in-diP-e-jense. n. s. Slothfulness ; 
carelessness. B. Jonson. 

EsDFLIGENT §*, in-dlF-e-jent. a. [indiligent, Fr.] 
Not diligent ; careless. Feitho.m. 

INDFLIGENTLY*, hi-dll'-e-jent-le. ad. Without 
diligence. Bp. Hall. 

INDIMFNISHABLE*, In-de-mln'-lsh-a-bl. a. [in 
and diminishable.~) Not to be diminished. Milton. 

INDIRECT $, In-dc-rSkt'. a. [indirectus, Lat.] Not 
straight; not rectilinear. Not tending otherwise 
than obliquely or consequentially to a purpose. 
Wrong; improper. Shak. Not fair; not honest. 
Daniel. 

INDIRECTION, In-de-reV-sh&n. n. s. Oblique 
means; tendency not in a straight line. Shak. Dis- 
honest practice. Shakspeare. 

INDIRECTLY, In-de-rgkt'-le. ad. Not in arightline ; 
obliquely. Not in express terms. Broome. Un- 
fairly ; not rightly. Bp. Taylor. 

INDIRECTNESS, m-de-rekt'-nes. n. s. Obliquity. 
Unfairness ; dishonesty. W. Mouniague. 

INDISCERNIBLE $, ?n-d?z-zer'-ne-bl. a. [in and 
discernible, ,] Not perceptible ; not discoverable. 
Denham. 

INDISCE'RNIBLENESS*, m-dlz-zer'-ne-bl-nes. 
n.s. Incapability of discernment. Hammond. 

INDISCERNIBLY^n-dlz-zer'-ne-ble.ad.In a man- 
ner not to be perceived. Lii-ely Oracles. 

INDISCE'RPIBLE*, fri-dis-seip'-e-bl. a. [in and 
discerpibk.] Incapable of being broken or destroy 
ed by dissolution of parts. More. 

INDISCE'RPTIBLES, In-dls-serp'-te-bl. a. [in ana 
discerptibk.] Not to be separated ; incapable of be- 
ing broken or destroyed by dissolution of parts. 
Bp. Butler. 

INDISCERPTIBFLIT Y, m-dis-serp-te-bil'-e-te. n.s. 
Incapability of dissolution. 

INDFSCIPLINABLE*, in-dls'-se-plm-a-bl. a. [in 
and disciplinable.] Incapable of improvement by 
discipline. Hale. 

INDISCO'VERABLE§*/in-dls-kuv'-er-a-bl. a. [in 
and discoverable.'] Not to be discovered. Conitbeare. 

INDISCO'VERY, ?n-dls-kuv'-ur-e. n. s. The state 
of being hidden. Brown. 

INDISCREET §, fn-dis-kreet'. a. [in and discree^ 
Imprudent; incautious; inconsiderate; injudicious. 
Spenser. 

INDISCREETLY, ?n-d5s-kreet'-le. ad. Without 
prudence; without consideration. Saiidys. 

INDISCRETE*. in-dis-kreet'. a. [indiscrete, Lat.] 
Not separated or distinguished. Pownall 

INDISCRETION, k-dls-kr&h'-un. n.s. Impru- 
dence ; rashness ; inconsideration. Shakspeare. 

INDISCRIMINATE $, in-dfs-krlm'-e-nate. 91. a. 
[indiscriminatvs , Lat.] Undistinguishable ; not mark- 
ed with any note of distinction. Bp. Hall. 

INDISCRIMINATELY, in-dis-krlm'-e-nate-le. ad. 
Without distinction. Government of the Tongue. 

INDISCRFMINATING*, m-dfs-krlm'-e-na-Ung. a. 
Making no distinction. Warton. 

IN DISCRIMm ATION*, m-df s-kr?m-e-na / -shfin. 
n.s. Wantofdiscrimation. Bp. Horsley. 

INDlSCU / SSED*,m-dls-kQst / . a. [in and discussed,] 
Not discussed ; not examined. Donne. 

INDISPENS ABFLITY*, m-dis-pen-sa-bil'-e-te. n.s. 
Incapability of being dispensed with. Shelton. 

INDISPENSABLE?, m-dis-pen'-sa-bl. a. [Fr.] Not 
to be remitted ; not to be spared ; necessary. More. 
Not to be allowed. Bp. Hall 
505 



IND 


IND 


ICT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk;- 


—pine, pin ; — 



INDISPE'NS ABLENESS, m-d?s-peV-sa-bl-n&. n.s. 
State of not being to be spared ; necessity. Clarke. 
INDISPENSABLY, fn-dis-pen'-sa-ble. ad. Without 
dispensation j without remission ; necessarily. Ad- 
dison. 
INDISPE'RSED^fn-dfs-perst'. a. [in and dispersed.] 

Not dispersed. More. 
To INDISPOSE §, in-dis-prW. v. a. [indisposer, 
Fr.] To make unfit. Atterbury. To disincline ; to 
make averse. South. To disorder; to disqualify 
for its proper functions. Glancille. To disorder 
slightly with regard to health. Walton. To make 
unfavourable. Clarendon. 

INDISPO'SEDNESS, fo-dfs-po'-zgd-nes. 365. n. s. 
State of unfitness or disinclination ; disordered state. 
Bp. Hall. 

INDISPOSITION, In-dls-pd-zish'-fln. n.s. Disor- 
der of health ; tendency to sickness ; slight disease. 
Haijward. Disinclination ; dislike. Hooker. 

INDISPUTABLE § ; Jn-dis'-pA-ti-bl, or fn-dls-pu'- 
ta-bl. [See Disputable.] a. [in and disputable] 
Uncontrovertible ; incontestable. Addison. 

§CT This word is nearly under the same predicament as 
disputable. Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W. 
Johnston, Mr. Smith, Buchanan, and Bailey, adopt the 
last accentuation, and only Mr. Sheridan and Entick 
[also Perry and Jones] the first ; and yet my experience 
and recollection grossly fail me, if this is not the gener- 
al pronunciation of polite and lettered speakers. Mr. 
Scott has given both pronunciations : but, by placing 
this the first, seems to give it the preference. — See Ir- 
reparable. W. 

INDISPUT ABLENESS.. m-dis'-pu-ta-bi-nes. n. s. 
The state of being indisputable; certainty ; evidence. 

INDISPUTABLY, in-dis'-pu-ta-ble. ad. Without 
controversy ; certainly. Brown. Without opposi- 
tion. Howell. 

INDISSOLUBILITY, In-dis-sA-lu-biF-e-te. n. 5. 
[indissolubilite , Fr.] Resistance to a dissolving 
Dower ; firmness ; siableness. Locke. Perpetuity of 
obligation. Warburton. 

INDISSOLUBLE $, m-dls'-so-lu-bi. [See Dissolu- 
ble.] a. [indissolubilis , Lat.] Resisting all separa- 
tion of its parts ; firm ; stable. Boyle. Binding for 
ever ; subsisting for ever. Hooker. 

INDISSOLUBLENESS, k-dls'^-lu-bl-nes. n. s. 
Indissolubility'; resistance to separation of parts. 
Hale. 

INDISSOLUBLY, in-dls'-so-lu-ble. ad. In a man- 
ner resisting all separation. Milton. For ever ob- 
ligatorily. 

INDISSO'LVABLE, in-dlz-z6i / -va-bl. a. [in and 
dissolvable.] Indissoluble; not separable as to its 
parts. Newton. Subsisting for ever; not to be loos- 
ed. Ricaut. Obligatory ; not to be broken ; bind- 
ing for ever. Aijlijfe. 

INDISTANCY*. m-dls'-tan-se. n. s. [in and dis- 
tance.] Slate of inseparation. Pearson. 

INDISTINCT §, m-dis-tlngkt'. a. [in and dislinctus, 
Lat.] Not plainly marked ; confused. Shak. Not 
exactly discerning. Sliaksjieare. 

INDISTINCTIBLE*, in-dls-lfngk'-te-bl. u. Undis- 
tinguishable. Warton. 

IND1STINCTION, fri-dls-tlngk'-shun. n. s. Confu- 
sion ; uncertainty. Brown. Omission of discrimi- 
nation. Sprat. 

INDISTFNCTLY, in-dls-tlnkgtMe. ad. Confusedly ; 
uncertainly. Newton. Without being distinguish- 
ed. Brown. 

INDISTINCTNESS, k-dls-tfngkt'-nes. n.s. Confu- 
sion ; uncertainty ; obscurity. Burnet. 

INDISTINGUISHABLE*, m-dls-tlng'-gwlsh-a-bl. 
a. [in and distinguishable] Not plainly marked ; un- 
detenninate. Shakspeare. 

IN DISTURBANCE, ln-d'fs-tur'-banse. n.s. [in and 
disturb.] Calmness ; freedom from disturbance. 
Pearson. 

To INDITCH*, m-ditsh'. v. a. To bury in a ditch. 
Bp. Hall. 

To INDITE*. See To Indict. 

1NDITER*. See Indicter. 

INDIVID ABLE §*, m-de-vl'-da-bl. a. Not to be di- 
vided. Shakspeare. 



INDIVIDED*,?n-de-vl'-ded. a. Undivided. Patrick. 

INDIVIDUALS, In-de-vld'-u-al, or fn-de-vfd'-ju-al. 
463. a. [individuus, Lat.] Separate from others of 
the same species ; single ; numerically one. Prior. 
Undivided ; not to be parted or disjoined. Milton. 

§CT The tendency of d to go into j, when the accent is be- 
fore, and u after it, is evident in this and the succeed- 
ing words. See Principles, Nos. '293, 294, 376. W. 

INDIVIDUAL* m-de-vld'-u-al. n. s. A single 
thing; a single person. Bacon. 

INDIVIDUALITY, m-de-vfd-u-al'-e-te. n. s. Sep- 
arate or distinct existence. Arbidhnot. 

INDIVIDUALLY, m-de-vid'-u-al-e. ad. With sep- 
arate or distinct existence; numerically. Hooker. 
Not separably; incommunicably. Halcewill. 

To _ INDIVIDUATE, in-de-vld'-u-ate. v. a. To dis- 
tinguish from others of the same species; to make 
single. More. 

INDIVIDUATE*, ?n-de-vid'-u-ate. a. Undivided. 
The Student. 

INDIVIDUATION, fn-de-vld-u-a'-shun. n. s. That 
which makes an individual. Watts. 

INDIVIDUITY, fn-de-vld-u'-e-te. n. s. The state 
of being an individual ; separate existence. 

INDrVlNlTY, m-de-vln'-e-te. n.s. [in and divinity.] 
Want of divine power. Brown. Ob. J. 

INDIVISIBILITY, fn-de-viz-e-bfl'-e-te. 552. ) 

lNDFVTSIBLENESS^n-de-vV-e-bl-ngs. \ s ' 
State in which no more division can be made. 

INDIVISIBLE §, in-de-viz'-e-bl. a. [in and divisi- 
ble.] What cannot be broken into parts ; so small 
as that it cannot be smaller. Digby. 

INDIVISIBLE*, hi-de-vfz'-a-bl. n.'s. That which is 
incapable of division. More. 

INDIVISIBLY, In-de-vfz'-e-ble. ad. So as it cannot 
be divided. Bp. Hall. 

INDO'CIBLE, in-dos'-e-bl. 405. a. [in and docible.] 
Unteachable; insusceptible of instruction. Bp. Halt. 

INDO'CILES, fn-dos'-sll. a. [indocilis,La\.] Un- 
teachable ; incapable of being instructed. Sir W. 
Petty. 

$5= This word and all its relatives have the o so differ- 
ently pronounced by our best orthoepists, that the short- 
est way to show the difference, will be, to exhibit them 
at one view : 

DScile. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, En- 
tick, Nares, Smith. 

Docile. Kenrick, Perry. 

IndQcile. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, Porry 
Entick. 

Indocile. 

Docible. Sheridan, Scott, Entick. 

Docible. Kenrick, Perry. 

Indocible. Sheridan, Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, En 
tick. 

Indocible. Perry. [DScile, indocile, indocible, Jones.] 

We here see the great preponderance of authority for the 
short sound of o in all these words of three syllables, 
not because this letter is short in the Latin words 
whence they are derived ; for risible and visible, which 
have the i short with us, are rlsibilis and vlsibilis in 
Latin ; but because the accent in our English word is 
antepenultimate, and because this accent has a shorten- 
ing power in all words of this form, which may be call- 
ed simples, 503, unless the antepenultimate vowel be u, 
and then it is always long, 509, 511, 537. Thus the an- 
tepenultimate vowels in credible, clavicle, vesicle, &c. 
are short, though derived from credibilis, clavicula, 
vesicula, &c. ; but the a in tamable, debatable, &c, is 
long, because they are formatives of our own, from 
tame, debate, &c. W. 

INDOCILITY, ni-d6-s?F-e-te. n.s. Unteachable- 

ness; refusal of instruction. Bp. Hall. 
To INDOCTRINATE §, In-ddk'-tre-nate. 91. v. a. 

[endoctriner, old Fr.] To instinct ; to tincture with 

any science or opinion. Clarendon. 
INDOCTRINATION, In-dok-tre-na'-shun. n. s. In 

struction; information. Brown. 
INDOLENCE, In'-db-lense. ) n. s. [in and doleo, 
INDOLENCY, in'-dA-len-se. $ Lat.] Freedom from 

pain. Burnet. Laziness; inattention; listlessness. 

Vryden. 
INDOLENT $, in'-d6-lent. ad. [Fr.] Free from pain ; 
ii06 



IND 



INE 



-no, mdve, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull ;— fill ;— pound \—tlnn, this. 



as, an indolent tumour. Careless; lazy J inaiten- 
tive ; listless. Pope. 
I N DOLENTLY, In'-dd-lent-le. ad. With freedom 
from pain. Carelessly; lazily; inattentively; list- 
lessly. Addison. 
1NDO MABLE*, in-dom'-a-bl. a. [indomabilis, Lat.] 

Unta mabl e. Cockeram. 
INDOMITABLE*, In-ddm'-e-ta-bl. a, [mdomitus. 

Lat.] Untamable. Sir T. Herbert. 
To INDORSE*. See To Endorse. 
To INDO'Wjn-dou'. v. a. See To Endow. 

I NDRAUGHT, In'-draft. n. s. [in and draught.] An 
opening in the land into which the sea flows. Ra- 
leigh. Inlet ; passage inwards. Bacon. 
To LNDRE'NCH, in-drensh'. v. a. [m-bpencan, 
Sax.] To soak; to drown. Shakspeare. 

INDUBIOUS, Li-du'-be-us. a. [in and dubious.] Not 
doubtful; not suspecting; certain. Harvey. 

INDUBITABLE^ m-diV-be-ta-bl. a. [indubitabilis, 
Lat.] Undoubted ; unquestionable. More. 

LNDUB1TABLENESS*, in-diV-be-ta-bl-nes. n.s. 
The state of being indubitable. Ash. 

LNDU / BITABLY,k-du'-be-ta-b)e. ad. Undoubtedly; 
unquestionably. Wotton. 

INDU BITATE, fn-du'-be-tate. 91. a. [indubitatus, 
Lat J Unquestioned ; certain ; apparent. Bacon. 

To INDUCE $, in-duse'. v. a. [induco, Lat.] To in- 
fluence to any thing; to persuade. Hooker. To 
produce by persuasion or influence. Bacon. To 
offer by way of induction, or consequential reason- 
ing. Brown. To inculcate; to enforce. Temple. 
To cause extrinsic-ally ; to produce. Bacon. To in- 
troduce; to bring into view. Brawn. To bring on; 
to superinduce. Decay of Christian Piety. 

INDUCEMENT, in-duse'-ment. n.s. Motive to any 
thing ; that which allures or persuades to any thing. 
Hooker. 

INDUCER, in-du'-sfir. 98. n.s. A persuader; one 
that influences. Martin. 

INDUCIBLE*, m-du'-se-bl. a. That maybe offered 
byway of induction. Brown. That may be caused. 
Barrow. 

To INDUCT §, In-dukt 7 . v. a. [inductus, Lat.] To in- 
troduce ; to bring in. Sandys. To put into actual 
possession of a benefice. Ayliffe. 

INDUCTION, in-duk'-shun. *. s. [inductio, Lat.] 
Introduction; entrance; anciently, preface ; some- 
thing introductory to a play. Sir T. Elyot. Induc- 
tion is. when, from several particular propositions, 
we infer one general. Watts. The act of giving 
possession to the person who has received institu- 
tion of his church. Blackstone. 

INDUCTIVE, in-dfik'-tiv. a. Leading; persuasive. 
Mi/ton. Capable to infer or produce. Hale. Pro- 
ceeding not by demonstration, but induction. 

INDUCTIVELY* m-duk'-tlv-le. ad. By induction; 
bv inference. South. 

INDUCTOR* in-duk'-t&r. n.s. The person who in- 
ducts another into a benefice. Directions, Spc. Cler- 
guman's Assist. 

To INDU E§, in-du'. v. a. [induo, Lat.] To invest; 
to clothe. Sandys. It seems sometimes to be con- 
founded with endow or indow. Hooker. 

FNDU'EMENT* m-diV-ment. n. s. Endowment. W. 
Mountague. Ob. T. 

To INDU'LGE§, m-dolje'. v. a. [indidgeo, Lat.] To 
encourage by compliance. Dryden. To fondle; 
to favour ; to gratify with concession ; to foster. 
Locke. To grant not of right, but favour. Bp. 
Taylor. 

To INDU'LGE, in-dfihV. v. n. To be favourable ; to 
give indulgence. Government of the Tongue. Ob. J. 

INDULGENCE, in-dul'-jense. ) n .s. Fondness; 

INDCLGENCY, m-dol'-jen-se. $ fond kindness. 
Milton. Forbearance; tenderness; opposite to ri- 
gour. Wotton. Favour granted ; liberality. Ro- 
gers. Compliance with; gratification of: as, self- 
indulgence ; indulgence in any vice. Sir R. Tem- 
pest. Grant of the church of Rome. A release of 
the temporal penalty remaining due to sin. Indul- 
gences are both partial and plenary. Miiton. Bp. 
Taylor. 



INDU'LGENT, in-dfll'-jent. a. Kind ; gentle ; liber 
al. Rogers. Mild; favourable. Waller. Gratify- 
ing; favouring; giving way to. Dryden. 

lNDULCE'NTIAL*, in-dul-jen'-slml. a. Relating 
to die indulgences of the Romish church. Brevint. 

INDULGENTLY. m-d&F-jent-le. ad. Without se 
verity j without censure. Hammond. 

INDULCERVlu-dftl'-jur. «• *• One who indulges. 
W. Mountague. 

INDU'LT, iif-dak'. )n.s. [Ilal. and Fr.] Privi- 

INDU'LTO, m-dul'-to. $ lege or exemption. Drum 
?nond. 

To PNDURATE §, ln'-du-rale. 293. v.n. [induro, 
Lat/1 To grow hard; to harden. Bacon. 

To PNDURATE, iu'-du-rate. [See Obdurate.] 
v. a. To make hard. Sharp. To harden the mind. 
Goldsmith. 

PNDURATE*, W-du-rate. a. Impenitent ; hard of 
heart; obdurate. Fox. Hard; not soft; dried; 
made hard. Burton. 

INDURATION, m-du-ra'-shun. n.s. The state of 
growing hard. Bacon. The act of hardening. Ob- 
duracy; hardness of heart. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

INDUSTRIOUS §, In-dus'-lre-fls. a. [industrius, 
Lat.] Diligent ; laborious ; assiduous. Temple. La- 
borious to a particular end. Spenser. Designed ; 
done for the purpose. More. 

INDUSTRIOUSLY, m-dus'-tre-us-le. ad. With ha- 
bitual diligence; not idly. Mirror for Magistrates, 
Diligently j, laboriously; assiduously. Bacon 



Fcr 
the set purpose ; with design. Dryden. 

PNDUSTRY, ra'-d&s-tre. n. s. [industria, Lat.] Dili- 
gence; assiduity. Sliakspeare. 

INDWE'LLER*, m-dwel'-lur. n. s. [in and dwell.] 
An inhabitant. Spenser. 

To INE'BRIATES, in-e'-bre-ate. 91. v. a. [inebrio, 
Lat.] To intoxicate ; to make drunk, Bojcon. 

To INE'BRIATE, in-e'-bre-ate. v. n. To 



grow 
Drunken- 



drunk; to be intoxicated. Bacon. 

LNEBRIA'TION, In-e-bre-a'-shun. n 
ness ; intoxication. Brown. 

INEBRFETVf, m-e-brl'-e-te. n.s. The same as 
ebriety ; drunkenness. 

INE'DITED*, fn-edMt-ed. a. [inedUus, Lat.] Not 
published ; not put forth. Warton. 

INEFFABl'LITY, In-ef-fa-bll'-e-te. n.s. Unspeaka- 
bleness. 

PNE'FFABLE §, m-ef-fa-bl. 405. a. [ineffabilis, Lat.] 
Unspeakable ; unutterable. Milton. 

INE'FFABLENESS*, in-ef-ia-bl-nes. n. s. Un- 
speakableness. Scott. 

INEFFABLY, in-ef-fa-ble. ad. In a manner not to 
be expressed. Abp. Cranmer. 

INEFFECTIVE, fo-ef-fek'-tlv. a. [in and effective.) 
That which can produce no effect ; unactive; inef- 
ficient; useless. Bp. Taylor. 

INEFFECTUAL $, in-ef-fek'-tshft-al. a. [in and ef- 
fectual.] Unable to produce its proper effect ; 
weak ; wanting power. Hooker. 

INEFFECTUALLY, fn-ef-iek'-lshu al-e. ad. With- 
out effect. Ashmole. 

INEFFECTUALNESS, m-ef-fek' tshu-al-nes. 463. 
n. s. Inefficacy; want of power to perform the 
proper effect. Wake. 

INEFFICACIOUS, m-ef-fe-ka'-shus. a. [inejuxu, 
Lat.] Unable to produce effects ; weak ; feeble. 

INEFFiCA / CIOUSNESS* J in-ef-fe-ka'-shas-n&.«A 

Want of power to perform the proper effect. Lively 

Oracles. 
PNE'FFICACYJn-ef-fe-ka-se. n.s. Want of power; 

want of effect. 
INEFFICIENCY* in-ef-flsh'-en-se. n. s. Want of 

power ; inactivity. Lord Chesterfield. 
INEFFICIENT*, fn-ef-fish'-ent. a. [in and efficient.] 

Unactive ; ineffective. Lord Chesterfield. 
EVEL A BORATE*, Jn-e-lab'-o-rate. a. [in and eitf, 

orated Not done with much care. Cockeram. 
INELEGANCE, In-el'-e-ganse. \ n. s. Absence of 
INE'LEGANCY, in-el'-e-gan-s*. $ beauty; want of 

elegance. 
INELEGANT $, ?n-el'-e-gant. a. [inelegans, Lat.] 



INE 



INE 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m§t ;— pine, pin: 



Not becoming; not beautiful. Milton. Wanting 

ornament of language. Broome. 
INELEGANTLY*, In-el'-e-gant-le. ad. Not be- 
comingly 5 not beautifully. Warion. Coarsely; 

without ornament of language. Lord Cliesterfeld. 
INELOQUENTjn-eT-o-kweu. a. [in and eloquens, 

Lat.J Noc persuasive; not oratorical. Milton.. 
INELUCTABLE*, m-e-lfikt'-a-bl. a. [ineluctabilis, 

Lat.J Not to be avoided or overcome. Pearson. 
INELU'DIBLE*, m-e-liV-de-bl. a. [in and eludibte.] 

Not to be defeated. Glanville. 
INENA'RRABLE*, in-e-nar'-a-bl. a. [inenarrabilis, 

Lat.J Not capable of being told; inexpressible. 

Cockeram. 
INETT §, In-ept'. a. [ineptus, Lat.] Trifling; foolish. 

More. Unfit for any purpose ; useless. Woodivard. 
INE'PTITUDE, k-ep'-te-tude. n. s. Unfitness. Wil- 

lNE'PTLY, m-ept'-le. ad. Triflingly; foolishly; un- 
fitly. More. 

INE'PTNESS* in-ept'-nes. n. s. Unfitness. More. 

INE'QUAL §*, fn-e'-kwal. a. [incequalis, Lat.J Une- 
qual. Shenstone. 

INEQUALITY, ln-e-kw6l'-e-te. n. s. [imequalitas, 
Lat.J Difference of comparative quantity. Ray. 
Unevenness ; interchange of higher and lower parts. 
Addison. Disproportion to any office or purpose ; 
state of not being adequate. South. Change of 
state ; unlikeness of a thing to itself. Bacon. Dif- 
ference of rank or station. Hooker. 

INE'QUITABLE^shi-gk'-kwh-a-bl. a. [in aadequi, 
table.] Not equitable; unjust. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

INERJUBILITY^n-eY-ra-bll'-e-te. n.s. Exemp- 
tion from errour; infallibility. Bp. Hall. 

INE'RRABLE^, in-eV-ra-bl. 405. a. [in and err.] 
Exempt from errour. Brown. 

INE'RRABLENESS, fn-er'-ra-bl-ngs. n.s. Exemp- 
tion from errour. Hammond. 

INERRABLY, In-eV-ra-ble. ad. With security from 
errour ; infallibly. 

INE'RRINCLY, Sn-eV-ring-le. ad. [in and erring.] 
Without errour ; without deviation. Glanville. 

INERT $, la-h-l'. a. [iners, Lat.J Dull; sluggish; 
motionless. Blackmore. 

INE'RTLY^n-ert'-le. ad. Sluggishly; dully. Pope. 

INERTNESS*, In-ert'-nes. n.s. Want of motion. 
Glanville. 

To INESCATE $*, ir.-es'-kate. v. a. [inesco, inesca- 
tus, Lat.J To lay a bait for; to allure. Burton. 

INESCA'TION, m-es-ka'-sh&n. n.s. The act of 
baiting. Halhjwell. 

INESTIMABLE $, In-cV-te-ma-bl. a. [inestimabilv;, 
Lat.J Too valuable to be rated ; transcending all 
price. Boyle. 

INESTIMABLY*, m-eV-te-ma-ble. ad. So as not 
to be sufficiently rated. More. 

JNE'VIDENCE^*, in-ev'-e-dense. n.s. [mandm- 
deiice.\ Obscurity ; uncertainty. Barrow. 

INE'YTDENT^n-eV-e-dent. a. {in andevident.] Not 
plain ; obscure. Bv. Hall. 

INEVITABILITY,* fn-ev-e-ta-bll'-e-te. n.s. Imoos- 
sibility to be avoided ; certainty. Bp. Bramhall. 

IN EDITABLE Un-§v'-e-ia-bl. «• [mevitabilis, Lat.J 
Unavoidable ; not to be escaped, Sliakspeare. 

INE'VITABLENESS*, in-eV-e-ta-bl-ngs. n.s. Cer- 
tainty ; inevitability. Bp. Prideaux. 

INEVITABLY, Sn-ev'-e-ta-ble. ad. Without possi- 
bility of escape. Milixm. 
INEXCUSABLE Un-^ks-ku'-za-bl. «• [inexcusab- 
ilis, Lat.J Not to be excused ; not to be palliated 
by apology. 11 Estrange. 

INEXCUSABLENESS, m-Sks-ku'-za-bl-n^s. n.s. 
Enormity beyond forgiveness or palliation. South. 

LNEXCUSABLY, fo-eks-ku'-za-ble. ad. To a de- 
jree of guilt or folly beyond excuse. Harmar. 
fEXECU'TION*, iMks-e-kiV-shan. n. s. Non-per- 
formance. Spence. 

INEXHALABLE, in-eks-haMa-bl. a. [in and ex- 

Iiale.] That which cannot evaporate. Brown. 
INEXHA'USTED §, in-eks-haws'-tSd. a. [in andex- 
hausted.] Unemptied ; not possible to be emptied. 
Dryden. 



IN? 



INEXHAUSTIBLE, m-eks-haws'-te-bl. a. Not to 
be drawn ail away ; not to be spent. Locke. 

lNEXHA / USTIBLENESS*,k-^ks-haws / -te-bl-nes. 
n. s. The state or quality of being inexhaustible. 
Scott. 

1NEXHALSTIVE*. Jn-Sks-haws'-tfv. a. Not to be 
all drawn off; inexhaustible. Thomson. 

INEXrSTENTjin-egz-fs'-tem^S. a. [in and exist- 
ent.] Not having being ; not to be found in nature. 
Brown. Existing in something else. Boyle. 

INEXISTENCE, m-egz-is'-teale. n. s. Want of be- 
ing; want of existence. Broome. State of exist- 
ing; inherence. South. 

INEX0RABI / LITY*,hi-^ks-6-ra-bIl / -e-te. n. s. The 
state or quality of being inexorable. Johnson. 

INEXORABLE §, in-e^-6-ra-bl. a. [inexorabilis, 
Lat.J Not to be entreated ; not to be moved by en- 
treaty. Shakspeare. 

INEXORABLY*, fn-Sks'-o-ra-ble. ad. So as not to 
be moved by entreaty. Thomson. 

INEXPECTA TION*, m-eks-pek-uV-shun. n. s. 
Slate of having no expectation, either with hope or 
fear ; want of forethought. Feltham. 

INEXPE'CTED §*, In-eks-pekt'-ed. a. [inexpectatus, 
Lat.J Not expected. Bp. Hall. 

INEXPE / CTEDLY*,k-£ks-pgkt / -e : d-ld. ad. With- 
out expectation. 

INEXPE'DIENCE §, in-e^cs-pe'-de-ense. ) n. s. [in 

INEXPEDIENCY Un-Sks-pe'-de-en-se. ] and ex- 
pediency.] Want of fitness; want of propriety; 
unsuitableness to time or place; inconvenience 
Sanderson. 

INEXPEDIENT, In-^ks-pe'-de-ent. 293. a. Incon- 
venient ; unfit ; improper. Boyle. 

INEXPERIENCE Mn-eks-pe'-re-ense. n.s. [in and 
experience.] Want of experimental knowledge. 
Milton. 

INEXPE'RIENCED, in-eks-pe'-re-enst. a. Not ex- 
perienced. More. 

INEXPE'RT, fn-eks-pgrt'. a. [inexpertus, Lat.J Un- 
skilful ; unskilled. Bp. Hall. 

INEXPIABLE $, in-eks'-pe-a-bl. a. [inexpiabilis ; 
Lat.J Not to be atoned. B. Jonson. Not to be 
mollified by atonement. Milton. 

INE XPIABLY, in-Sks'-pe-a-ble. ad. To a degree 
beyond atonement. Roscommon. 

INEXPLAINABLE*, in-£ks-pla'-na-bl. a. That 
cannot be explained. Cockeram. 

INEXPLEABLY, In-eks'-ple-a-ble. ad. [in and ex- 
pleo, Lat.J Insatiably. Sandys. Ob. J. 

INEXPLICABLE §,' in-gks'-ple-ka-bl. a. [in and 
explico, Lat.J Incapable of being explained ; not 
to be made intelligible. Hooker. 

INEXPL1CABLENESS*, 'm-Sks'-ple-ka-bl-iies. 
7i. s. The state or quality of being inexplicable. 
As] i. 

INEXPLICABLY, in-£ks'-ple-ka-ble. ad. In a 
manner not to be explained. Bp. Hall. 

INEXPLO RABLE*, m-eks-pl6/-ra-bl. a. [inexplo- 
ratus, Lat.J Not to be discovered. Sir G. Buck. 

INEXPRESSIBLES, ?n-£ks-preV-se-bl. a. [in and 
express.] Not to be told ; unutterable. Milton. 

INEXPRESSIBLY, in-£ks-preV-se-ble. ad. To a 
degree or in a manner not to be uttered ; unutter- 
ably. Hammond. 

INEXPRESSIVE*. See Unexpressive. 

INEXPUGNABLE, ln4ks-pug'-na-bl. a. [inexpug- 
nabilis, Lat.J Impregnable ; not to be taken by as 
sault ; not to be subdued. Skelton. 

INEXTI'NCT**, in-eks-Ungkt'.a. [inextinctus, Lat.J 
Not quenched ; not put out. Cockeram. 

INEXTINGUISHABLE, in-gks-ting'-gwfsh-a-bl. 
405./SI; [in and extinguo, Lat.J Unquenchable. Grew. 

INEXTFRPABLE*, m-&cs-ter'-pa-bl. a. [in and 
extirpahk.] Not to be rooted out. Cockeram. 

INEXTRICABLE §, In-Sks'-tre-ka-bl. a. [inextri- 
cabilis, Lat.J Not to be disentangled; not to be 
cleared. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

INEXTRICABLENESS*, !n-Sks'-tre-ka-bl-n&. 
«.*. The state or quality of being inextricable. 
Donne. 

INEXTRICABLY, m-eks'-tre-ka-ble. ad. To a de- 
508 



INF 



INF 



-n6, move, ndr, n&t;— tube, lib, bull ;— fill ;— p6&nd ;— thin, this. 



gree of perplexity not to be disentangled. Bent- 

INEXUPERABLE*, ln-ek-su >V;i-bl. a. [inex- 
uperahilis, Lat.] Not to be passed over; not su- 
perable. Cockeram. 
Tc INE YE, In-!', v. 71. [in and eye.] To inoculate 5 
to propagate trees by the insition of a bud into a 
foreign stock. Phillips. 
INFA'BRICATED*, In-fab'-re-ka-ted. a. [infabri- 

catus, Lat.] Unwrought. Cockeram. 
INFALLIBILITY, in-fal-le-bii'-e-te. ) n. s. Inerra- 
INFA'LLIBLENESS^n-fal'-le-bl-nes. $ bility; ex- 
emption from errour. Sidney. 
INFALLIBLE §,h-falMe : bl. 405. a. [in and fallible.] 
Privileged from errour; incapable of mistake ; not 
to be misled or deceived ; certain. Hooker. 
INFALLIBLY, in-fal'-le-ble. ad. Without danger 
from deceit ; with security from errou--. S/nalridge. 
Certainlv. Rogers. 
To INFA'ME, ill-fame', v. a. [infamo, 1 1 at.] To rep- 
resent to disadvantage; to defame, to censure 
publicklv. Bacon. To defame is now used. 
INFAMOUS §, in'-fa-mfis. a. [infamis, La'..] Pub- 
licklv branded with guilt ; openly censured ; of 
bad report. Spenser. Dismal : a Latinism. Milton. 
I X FAMOUSLY, iV-fa-m&s-le. ad. With open re- 
proach ; with publick notoriety of reproach. B. 
Jonson. Shamefully; scandalously. Dryden. 
I NFAMOUSNESS, W-fa-mus-nk. ) n. s. [infamia, 
FNFAMY, iV-fa-me. 503. \ Lat.] Publick 

reproach ; notoriety of bad character. Ezek. xxxvi. 
INFANCY, In'-faii-se. n.s. [infaniia, LaU] The first 
part of life, usually extended by naturalists to 
seven years. Hooker. Civil infancy, extended by 
the English law to twenty-one. First age of any- 
thing ; beginning ; original ; commencement. Dryd. 
INFA'NDOUS*, in-fan'-dus. a. [infandus, Lat.] So 

abominable as not to be expressed. Howell. 
INFA'NGTHEF, in-fang'-i/ief. n. s. [Sax.] A privi- 
lege or liberty granted unto lords of certain manors 
to judge any thief taken within their fee. Cowel. 
PNFANT§, uV-fant.Ti.s. [infans, Lat.] A child from 
the birth to the end of the seventh year. Hooker. 
[In law.] A young person to the age of twenty- 
one. Buxckstone. The title of a prince, as the 
Spaniards use the word. Spenser. 
INFANT, W-fant. a. Not mature ; in a state of ini- 
tial imperfection. Shakspeare. 
INFANTA, hi-fan'-tl. 92. n.s. [Span.] A princess 
descended from the royal blood of Spain. Fanshawe. 
INFA NTICIDE. ni-faiV-te-side. 143. n.s. [infanti- 
cidium, Lat.] The slaughter of the infants by 
Herod. The act of slaughtering infants. Warbur- 
ton. A slaver of infants. Dr. Potter. 
I'NFANTILE.in'-fan-ille. 145. a. [infantilis, Lat.] 

Pertaining to an infant. Derham. 
INFANTINE*,. In'-fan-tlne. 149. a. [infantin, Fr.] 

Childish; voung; tender. Burke. 
I'NFANTLIKE* In'-fdnt-llke. a. Like an infant. 

Shaksjieare. 
I NFANTLY*, in'-fant-le. a. Like a child. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
PNFANTRY, in'-fan-tre. n.s. [infanterie, Fr.] The 

foot soldiers of an army. Bacon. 
To IN'FA'RCE$*, in-farse'. r.a. [infarcio, Lat.] To 

stuff; to swell out. Sir T. Elyot. 
1NF.VRCTION, in-fark'-shun. n.s. [in and farcio, 

Lat.] Stuffing; constipation. Harvey. . 
INF A'SHION ABLE*, b-fash'-un-a-bl. a. Not fash- 
ionable. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
INFATIGABLE*, In-fat'-e-ga-bl. a. [infatigabilis, 
Lat.] Not to be wearied. The old word for inde- 
fatigable. 
To INFATUATES, In-fatsh'-u-ate. 0,0. [infatuo, 
from in and fatuus, Lat.] To strike with folly ; to 
deprive of understanding. Burton. 
INFATUATE*, in-fatsh'-u-ate. part. a. Stupified. 

Phillips. 
INFATUATION, in-fatsh-u-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
striking with folly; deprivation of reason. Sovth. 
INFA'USTING, in-taws'-tlng. n.s. [infaustus, Lat.] 
The act of making unlucky. Bacon. 



lNFE'ASIBLEUn-fe'-ze-bl. a. [in and feasible.) 

Impracticable ; not to be done. 
INFE'ASIBLENESS*, fn-fe'-ze bl-nes. n.s. Im- 
practicability. W. Mountague. 
To INFECTS, hi-fekt'. v. a. [iri/ectus, Lat.] To act 
upon by contagion ; to affect with communicated 
qualities ; to hurt by contagion ; to taint. Sidney. 
To fill with something hurtfully contagious. Sluxk. 
INFECT 1 *, In-iekl'. part. a. Infected; polluted. Bp. 

Fisher. 
INFECTION, in-fek'-sh&n. n.s. [infection, Fr. ; in- 
fectio, Lat.] Contagion ; mischief by communica- 
tion ; taint ; poison. Quincy. 
INFECTIOUS, in-fek'-sh&s. a. Contagious; in- 
fluencing by communicated qualities. Bacon. 
INFE'CTIOUSL Y/in-fek'-shus-le. ad. Contagiously. 

Shakspeare. 
INFECTIOUSNESS, hi-feV-shus-nes. n. s. The 

quality of being infectious; contagiousness. 
INFECTIVE, fn-f&k'-dv. a. Having the quality of 

acting by contagion. Sidney. 
INFECU'NDUn-fek'-und. [See Facund.] n.s. 
[infoecundns, Lat.] Unfruitful ; infertile. Derham. 
INFECU'NDITY,in-fe-kftn'-de-te. n.s. [infeecundi- 
tas, Lat.] Want of fertility ; barrenness. Bullokar. 
To INFE'EBLE*. See To Enfeeble. 
INFELFCITY,?n-fe-uV-se-te. n.s. [infelicitas, Lat.] 

Unhappiness; misery; calamity. Glanville. 
INFEODATION*. See Infeudation. 
To INFE'OFF*. See To Enfeoff. 
To INFER §, In-fer'. v. a. [infero, Lat.] To bring on ; 
to induce. Spenser. To infer is nothing but, by vir- 
tue of one proposition laid down as true, to draw in 
another as true. Locke. To offer ; to produce. Sluik. 
PNFERABLE*, in-feV-a-bl. a. Deducible from pre- 
mised grounds. Burke. 
I'NFERENCE, hV-fer-ense. n.s. Conclusion drawn 

from previous arguments. Glanville. 
FNFERIBLE, m-fer'-re-bl. a. [from infer.] Dedu- 
cible from premised grounds. Brown. [It should 
rather be inferrible. Todd.] 
INFERIORITY, ln-fe-re-6r-e-te. n.s. Lower state 

of dignity or value. Dryden. 
INFE'RIOUR§,in-fe'-re-ur. 314. a. [inferior, Lat.] 
Lower in place. Lower in station or rank of life. 
Milton. Lower in value or excellency. Dryden. 
Subordinate. Watts.. 
INFE'RIOUR, in-fe'-re-fir. n. s. One in a lower rank 

or station than another. South. 
INFE'RNAL, In-feV-nal. a. [infonal. I V. ; infernus 7 

Lal.l Hellish ; tartarean ; detestable. Dryden. 
INFERNAL Stone, in-feV-nal-st6ne. n. s. The lunar 
caustick, prepared from an evaporated solution of 
silver, or from crystals of silver. Hill. 
INFERTILE §, in-fer'-tll. 140. a. [in and fertile.] 
Unfruitful; not productive; infecund. Government 
of the Tongue. 
INFERTILITY, fn-fer-tll'-e-le. n.s. Unfruitfulnessj 

want of fertility. Hale. 
To INFE'ST §, in-tfst'. v. a. [infesto, Lat.] To harass j 

to disturb ; to plague. Spenser. 
INFE'ST* In-test', a. [infestus, Lat.] Mischievous; 

hurtful ; dangerous. Spenser. Ob. T. 
INFESTATION*,, fn-fls-ta'-shun. n.s. [infestatio, 
Lat.] Molestation; disturbance; annoyance. Bacon. 
INFE'STERED, m-feV-terd. a. [in and fester.] 

Rankling; inveterate. Ob. J. 
INFE'ST1VE$* fn-fes'-tlv. a. [in and festive.] 

Without mirth or pleasantness. Cockeram. 
INFESTFVITY, ln-f?s-dv'-e-te. n.s. Mournfulness ; 

want of cheerfulness. ' 
INFE'STUOUS*, fn-feV-tshu-fis. a. [infestus, Lat.] 

Mischievous ; dangerous. Bacon. 
INFEUDATION, k-fo-da'-sh&n. n.s. [in and feu- 
dum, Lat.] The act of putting one in possession of 
a fee or estate. Hale. 
PNFIDEL $. In'-fe-del n. s. [inf delis, Lat.] An un- 
believer ; a miscreant; a pagan ; one who rejects 
Christianity. Hooker. 
FNFIDEL*,?n'-fe-deU. [infidek, Fr.] Unbelieving-, 

characteristick of an unbeliever. Abp. Cranmer. 

INFIDE'LITY, in-fe-dgl'-e-te. n.s [infidelitas,Lat.] 

50o 



INF 



INF 



[CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin: 



Want of faith. Bp. Taylor. Disbelief of Chris- 
tianity. Addison. Treachery: deceit. Spectator. 
1'NFINITE $, fn'-fe-nit. a. [injinitus, Lat.] Unbound- 
ed ; boundless; unlimited; immense. Hooker. It 
is byperbolically used for large ; great. 
1'NFINITELY, fn'-fe-n?t-le. ad. Without limits; im- 
mensely. Hooker. In a great degree. Bacon. 
FNFINITENESS, fn'-fe-nlt-nes. n.s. Immensity; 

boundlessness; infinity. Sidney. 
INFINITESIMAL, hV-fe-ne-tes'-se-mal. a. Infinitely 

divided. Bp. Berkeley. 
INFFNITIVE, m-fln'-e-tlv. a. [infntivus, Lat.] [In 
grammar.] The infinitive affirms, or intimates the 
intention of affirming, but does not do it absolutely. 
Clarke. 
INFINITUDE, h-fm'-e-tude. n.s. Infinity; im- 
mensity. Milton. Boundless number. Addison. 
INFINITY, m-fln'-e-te. n. s. [inftnilas, Lat.] Im- 
mensity; boundlessness; unlimited qualities. Ra- 
leigh. Endless number. A hyperbolical use of the 
word. Broome. 
INFFRM$, m-feW. 108. a. [inflrmus, Lat.] Weak; 
feeble ; disabled of body. Sliak. Weak of mind ; 
irresolute. Milton. Not stable ; not solid. South. 
To INFIRM, In-firm', v. a. [injirmo, Lat.] To 
weaken; to shake; to enfeeble. Raleigh. Ob. J. 
INFIRMARY, m-feV-ma-re. n.s. [mjirmerie, Fr.] 

Lodgings for the sick. Bacon. 
INFORMATIVE*, fn-fer'-ma-tlv. a. [infirmatif 
Fr.] Weakening; enfeebling; disannulling. Cot- 
grave. 
INFIRMITY, m-feV-me-te. n.s. [infirmite 1 , Fr.] 
Weakness of sex, age, or temper. Shale. Failing ; 
weakness; fault. Clarendon. Disease; malady. 
Hooker. 
INFFRMNESS, m-ferm'-nes. n.s. Weakness; fee- 
bleness. Boyle. 
To INFFX, fri-fiks'. v. a. [inftxus, Lat.] To drive in ; 

to set ; to fasten. Spenser. 
To INFLA'ME §, In-flame'. v. a. [infhmmo, Lat.] 
To kindle ; to set on fire. Sidney. To kindle any 
passion. Susan, viii. To fire with passion. Milton. 
To exaggerate; to aggravate. Addison. To heat 
the body morbidly with obstructed matter. To 
provoke ; to irritate. Decay of Piety. 
To INFLA'ME, fn-flame'. v. n. To grow hot, angry, 

and painful, bv obstructed matter. Wiseman. 
INFLAMERjia-fla'-mur. n.s. The thing or person 

that inflames. Addison. 
INFLAMMABILITY, m-flam-ma-bfl'-e-te. n. s. 

The quality of catching fire. Brown. 
INFLAMMABLE, m-nam'-ma-bl. a. [Fr.] Easy to 

be set on flame. Bacon. 
INFLAM'MABLENESS, fn-flam'-ma-bl-nes. n. s. 

The quality of easily catching fire. Boyle. 
INFLAMMATION, m-flam-ma'-shun. n. s. [inflam- 
matio, Lat.] The act of setting on flame. Temple. 
The state of being in flame. Brown. [In chirur- 
gery.] Inflammation is when the blood is obstruct- 
ed so as to crowd in a greater quantity into any 
particular part, and gives it a greater colour and 
heat than usual. Quincy. The act of exciting fer- 
vour of mind. Hooker. 
INFLAMMATORY, In-flam'-ma-tur-e. 512. [For 
the o, see Domestick.] a. Having the power of 
inflaming. Arbuthnot. 
To INFLATE §, fn-flate'. v. a. [inflatus, Lat.] To 
swell with wind. Ray. To puff up mentally. Da- 
vies. To fill with the breath. Dryden. 
INFLATION, In-fla'-shun. n. s.[inflatio, Lat.] The 
state of being swelled with wind ; flatulence. Ar- 
buthnot. The state of being mentally puffed up; 
conceit. B. Jonson. 
To INFLE'CT$, m-flekt'. v. a. [inflecto, Lat.] To 
bend; to turn. Neioton. To vary a noun or a verb 
in its terminations. 
INFLECTION, m-flek'-shun. n. s. [in/lectio, Lat.] 
The act of bending or turning. Hale. Modulation 
of the voice. Hooker. Variation of a noun or verb. 
Brerewood. 
INFLECTIVE, In-flek'-tiv. a. Having the power 
of bending. Sprat. 



INFLE'XED*, m-fleks'-Sd, or in-flext'. a. [infiexus, 

Lat.] Bent ; turned. Feliliam. 
INFLEXIBILITY, ln-flgks-e-bn'-e-te. ) n. s. Stifl- 
IN FLE'XIBLENESS, ?n-fleks'-e-bl-nes. S ness ; 
quality of resisting flexure. Baxter. Obstinacy; 
temper not to be bent. Warton. 
INFLEXIBLE, m-fleks'-e-bl. 405. a. [injlexibilis. 
Lat.] Not to be bent or incurvated. Brown. Not 
to be prevailed on ; immovable. Addison Not to 
be changed or altered. Watts. 
INFLEXIBLY, m-flgks'-e-ble. ad. Inexorably; in- 
variably. Locke. 
To INFLFCT $, m-fllkt'. v. a. [injligo, inflictus, Lat.] 
To put in act or impose as a punishment. Shak- 
speare. 
INFLFCTER, fn-fllk'-t&r. 98. n. s. He who punishes. 

Gov. of the Tongue. 
INFLECTION, m-fllk'-shan. n. s. The act of using 
punishments. Shale. The punishment imposed. 
Milton. 
INFLFCTD7E, in-ffiV-tlfv. a. {inflictive, Fr.] Im- 
posing a punishment. Slierwood. 
INFLUENCE §, in'-flu-ense. n. s. [influo, Lat.] 
Power of the celestial aspects operating upon ter- 
restrial bodies and affairs. Job, xxxviii. Ascend- 
ant povyer ; power of directing or modifying. Sid- 
ney. 
To FNFLUENCE, in'-flu-ense. v. a. To act upon 
with directive or impulsive power ; to modify to 
any purpose. Neioton. 
INFLUENT, in'-flu-ent. a. [infiuens, Lat.] Flowing 

in. Arbuthnot. 
INFLUENTIAL, m-fiu-eV-shal. a. Exerting influ- 
ence or power. Glanville. 
INFLUENTIALLY*, m-flu-en'-shal-le. ad. In a 

manner so as to direct. Brown. 
INFLUX §, In'-fluks. n.s. [injhixus, Lat.] Act of 
flowing into any thing. Bacon. Infusion; intro- 
mission. Hale. Influence; power. Hale. 
INFLEXION*, m-fluk'-shun. n. s. Infusion ; intro- 
mission. Bacon. 
INFLU'XIOUS, In-flok'-shas. a. Influential. Howell. 

Ob. J. 
INFLU'XIVE*, ?n-flfik'-siv. a. Having- influence. 

Holdsworth. Ob. T. 
To INFOLD $. in-fold'. v. a. [in and fold.] To 
involve ; to inwrap ; to enclose with involutions. 
Spenser. 
To INFOLIATE, m-f6'-le-ate. 91. v. a. [in and/o- 

lium, Lat.] To cover with leaves. Howell. , 
To INFO RM §, fri-fcW. v. a. [informo, Lat.] To 
animate ; to actuate by vital powers. Milton. To 
instruct ; to supply With new knowledge ; to ac- 
quaint. Hooker. To offer an accusation to a 
magistrate. Acts, xxiv. 
To INFORM, ?n-f6rm ; . v. n. To give intelligence. 

Shakspeare. 
INFORM* m-fcW. a. [informis, Lat.] Shapeless ; 

ugly. Cotton. 
FNFORMAL, k-for'-mal. a. [in and formal.] Ir- 
regular; not competent. Shak. Irregular; con- 
trary to established forms. Hale. 
INFORMALITY*, m-fSr-mal'-e-te. n. s. Want of 
attention to established forms. Hen. E. of Claren- 
don. 
INFORMALLY* ?n-f6r'-mal-le. ad. Irregularly; 

without attention to proper form. 
INFORMATIVE* Jn-for'-ma-tlv. a. [informatus. 

Lat.] Having power to animate. More. 
INFORMANT, in-for'-mant. n. s. [Fr.] One who 
gives information or instruction. Watts. One who 
exhibits an accusation. 
INFORMATION, m-for-ma'-sh&n. n. s. [informa- 
tio, Lat.] Intelligence given ; instruction. Shak. 
Charge or accusation exhibited. The act of in 
forming or accusing. 
INFORMED*, fn-formd'. a. [inform^, Fr.] Not 

formed; imperfectly formed. Spenser. 
TNFORMER, ?n-fdrm'-ur. 98. n. s. That which in- 
forms or animates. Thomson. One who gives in- 
struction or intelligence. Swift. One who discov- 
ers offenders to the magistrate. Pope. 
510 



ING 



ING 



— nd, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, tub, ball;— 6fl ;— pflfind ;— thin, THis. 



iNFOTtMIDABLE, ?n-for'-me-da-bl. a. [in and for- 
midabi/is. Lat.] Not to be feared ; not to be dread- 
ed. Mil/mi. 
INFO'RMITY, In-fdi^-me-te. n. s. [informis, Lat.] 

Shapelessness. Brown. 
INFOTtMOUS, In-fdr'-mos. 314. a. Shapeless 5 of 

no regular figure. Brown. 
INFCXRTUNATE $, ?n-for / -tshu-nat. a. [inforUma- 

tus, Lat.] Unhappy. Bacon. 
INFCmTUNATELY*Jn-for'-tshu-nat-le. ad. Un- 
happily ; unluckily. Memoirs of Sir Edmonbury 
Godfrey. 
1NF0 7 RTUNE*. ?n-nV-tshane. n. s. [infortune, Fr.] 

Misfortune. Sir T. Ehjot. Ob. T. 
To INFRA'CT $, In-frakt'. v. a. [infractus, Lat.] To 

break. Thomson. Ob. J. 
INFRACTION, m-frak'-shtin. n. s. [infractio, Lat.] 
The act of breaking ; breach ; violation of treaty. 
Waller. 
LNFRA'CTOR* ni-frak'-tflr. n. s. A breaker; a 

violator. Ld. Herbert. 
To IN FRANCHISE*. See To Enfranchise. 
INFRANGIBLE, in-fraV-ie-bl. a. [in and frangi- 
ble.'] Not to be broken. Cheyne. 
INFREQUENCE §*, in-fre'-kwense. n. s. [infre- 
qvence, old Fr.] Rarity ; uncommonness. Bp. Hall. 
INFRE'QUENCY, m-fre'-kwen-se. n. s. Uncom- 
monness ; rarity. Young. 
INFREQUENT, fn-freAwent. [See Frequent.] 
a. [infrequens. Lat.] Rare; uncommon. Sir T. 
Elyot. 
To INFRI'GIDATES. m-frfd'-je-date. v. a. [in and 

frigidus, Lal.l To chill ; to make cold. Boyle. 
INFRIGIDA'TION* fn-frid-je-da'-shfin. n. s. The 

act of rendering cold. Tatkr. 
To INFRFNGE $, In-frlnje'. v. a. [infringo, Lat.] 
To violate ; to break laws or contracts. Shak. To 
destroy; to hinder. Hooker. 
INFRINGEMENT, m-frfnje'-ment. n.s. Breach; 

violation. Clarendon. 
INFRINGER, to-frfnje'-fir. 98. n.s. A breaker; a 

violator. Ayliffe. 
INFU'MED*, In-fiWd'. a. [infumatus, Lat.] Dried 

in smoke. Hewyt. 
INFUNDI'BULIFORM, m-f&n-dib'-u-le-fSrm. a. 
[infundibulum and forma, Lat.] Of the shape of a 
funnel or tun-dish. 
INFU'RIATE$, Jn-fu'-re-ate. 91. a. [in and furia, 

Lat.] Enraged ; raging. Milton. 
To INFU'Rl ATE* In-nV-re-ate. v. a. To render in- 
sane ; to fill with rage or fury. Decay ofChr. Piety. 
INFUSCA'TION, m-f&s-ka'-sh5n. n. s. [infuscatus, 

Lat.] The act of darkening or blackening. 
To INFU'SE §, in-faze'. v. a. [in f user, Fr. ; infusus, 
Lat.] To pour in ; to instil. Sliak. To pour into 
the mind; to inspire. Davies. To steep in any 
liquor with a gentle heat. Bacon. To make an in- 
fusion with any ingredient. Bacon. To inspire 
with. Shakspeare. 
INFU'SE*, in-ftW. n. s. Infusion. Spenser. Ob. T. 
INFU'SER*, m-fu'-zftr. n. s. He who pours into the 

mind. Dr. White. 
INFU'SIBLE, in-fu'-ze-bl. 439. a. Possible to be 
infused. Hammond. Incapable of dissolution; not 
fusible ; not to be melted. Brovm. 
INFU'SION, m-fu'-zhun. n. s. [infusio, Lat.] The 
act of pouring in ; instillation. Addison. The act 
of pouring into the mind ; inspiration. Hooker. . 
Suggestion ; whisper. Cbxrendon. The act of 
steeping any thing in moisture without boiling. | 
Bacon. The liquor made by infusion. Bacon. 
INFU'SIVE, in-fu'-s?v. 158,428. a. Having the pow- 
er of infusion, or being infused. Tltomson. 
LNG§*. See Inge. 
I'NGATE, fn'-gate. n. s. [in and gate!] Entrance ; 

passage in. Spenser. An old word. 
INGANNA'TION, in-gan-na'-sh&n. n. s. [ingan- 
nare, Ital.] Cheat ; fraud ; deception ; juggle ; de- 
lusion ; imposture. Broim. Ob. J. 
INGA'THERING, fn-gW-fir-lng. n. s. [in and 
gathering.] The act of getting in the harvest. Ex- 
odus, xxiii. 



INGE, ?nie. n. s. fins', Sax ] A common pasture 

or meadow. Gibson. 
INGELABLE*, In-je'-la-bl. a. [ingelabilis, Lat.] 

That cannot be frozen. Cockeram. 
To INGEMINATES, In-jem'-me-nate. v. a. [in 

gemino, LatJ To double ; to repeat. Sandys. 
INGE'MINATE*, in-jem'-me-nate. part. a. Re 

doubled. Bp. Tayloi . 
INGEMINA'TION, iivjem-me-na'-shun. n.s. Repe 

tition; reduplication. Walsall. 
TblNGENDER?*. v. a. See To Engender. 
To INGE'NDER* In-jen'-dfir. v.n. To come to 



-dflr-fir. See Engen 



gether ; to join. Milton. 
INGENDERER*, In-jen' 



DERER. 

INGE'NERABLE, fti-jeV-e-ra-bl. a. [in and gene 
rate.] Not to be produced or brought into being 
Bottle. 

To INGE'NERATE $#, m-jen'-e-rite. v. a. [ingene 
ro, Lat.] To beget ; to produce. Mede. 

INGENERATE, fn-ien'-e-rate. 91 . ) a. [ingenera- 

INGE'NERATED, fn-jen'-e-ra-ted. $ tm, Lat.J 
Inborn ; innate ; inbred. Bac. Unbegotten. Brown. 

INGE'NIOUS $ , m-je'-ne-os. a. [ingeniosus, Lat.) 
Witty; inventive; possessed of genius. Boyle 
Mental ; intellectual. Sfuxkspeare. 

INGENIOUSLY, in-je'-ne-fis-le. ad. Wittily; sub 
tilely. Temple. 

INGE'NIOUSNESS, fn-je'-ne-fis-nes. n. s. Witti 
ness; subtilty ; strength of genius. Boyle. 

INGE'NITE, m'-jen-ft. 140. a. [ingenitus, Lat.] In 
nate ; inborn ; native ; ingenerate. South. 

INGENUITY, m-je-nu'-e-te. n.s. [from ingenuous.} 
Openness ; fairness ; candour ; freedom from dis- 
simulation. Wotton. [from ingenious.'] Wit ; in- 
vention; genius; subtilty; acuteness. Brown. 

INGENUOUS §, m-ien^-us. a. [ingenuus, Lat.] 
Open; fair; candid; generous; noble. Hooker. 
Freeborn; not of servile extraction. King Charles.. 

INGE'NUOUSLY, in-jen'-u-os-le. ad. Openly; 
fairly; candidly; generously. Bacon. 

INGE'NUOUSNESS, m-jen'-a-os-nes. n. s. Open- 
ness ; fairness ; candour. Pegge. 

l'NGENY, m'-je-ne. n. s. [ingenium, Lat.] Genius.; 
wit. Boyle. Ob. J. 

To INGE'ST$, in-jSst'. v. a. [ingestus, Lat.] To 
throw into the stomach. Brown. 

INGESTION, in-jes'-tshfin. 464. n.jf. The act of 
throwing into the stomach. Harvey. 

FNGLE*, ing'-gl. n.s. [probably from ignkulus, 
dimin. of ignis, Lat.] Fire, or flame; a blaze. 
Ray. 

INGLOTtIOUS§, in-gl6'-re-fis. a. [inglorius, Lat.] 
Void of honour; mean; without glory. Milton. 
Regardless of glory ; insensible to the charms of 
glory. Milton. 

INGLO'RIOUSLY, in-glo'-re-fis-le. ad. With ig- 
nominy ; with want of glory. Pope. 

To INGO ; RGE*. See To Engorge. 

FNGOT, ?n'-g6t. 166. n.s. [lingot, Fr.] A mass of 
metal. Shakspeare. 

To INGRA'FF§, ?n-graf. ) v. a. [in and graff.] To 

roINGRA'FT^fn-graa'. ] propagate trees by 
insition. May. To plant the sprig of one tree in 
the stock of another. To plant any thing not na- 
tive. Milton. To fix deep ; to settle. Hooker. 

INGRA'FTMENT, m-grafr'-ment. n.s. The act of 
ingrafting. The sprig ingrafted. 

INGRAINED*. In-gran'd'. a. [from grain.] Dyed 
in grain ; deeplv infixed. Marslon. 

INGRA'PPLED*, fn-grap'-pld. a. [from grapple] 

Seized on ; twisted together. Drayton. 
INGRA'TE $, In-grate'. } a. [ingratus, Lat .J 

lNGRA'TEFULiin-grateMul. ] Ungrateful; un- 
thankful. Shakspeare. Unpleasing to the sense. 
Bacon. 
INGRA'TEFULLY* m-grate'-ful-le. ad. Ungrate- 

folly ; without gratitude. Sir A. Weldon. 
INGRA'TEFULNESS*, In-grateMul-n^s. n. s. Un- 
thankfulness. Bullokar. 

To INGRA'TIATE $, in-gra'-she-ate. 461. v. a. [in 
and gratia, Lat.] To put in favour ; to recommend 



INH 



INI 



O 3 559.— Fate, f ar, fill, fat } — me, mfo ;— pine, phi : 



to kindness. Bp. Rkliardson. To recommend 3 to 
render easy : applied to things. Hammond. 

INGRATIATING*, m-gra'-she-a-tmg, n.s. Rec- 
ommendation ; the act of putting in favour. King 
Charles. 

INGRATITUDE, fn-grat'-te-tude. n. s. Retribu- 
tion of evil for good ; unthankfulness. Sliakspeare. 

To INGRA'VE*, in-grave', v. a. [from grave.] To 
bury. Gamage. 

To INGRA'VIDATE* in-grav'-e-date. v. a. [grav- 
idatus, Lat.] To impregnate ; to make prolifick. 

. Fuller. 

ToINGRE'AT*, in-grate'. v.a. To make great. 
Fotherby. 

INGREDIENT, In-gre'-jent. 294. n. s. [ingredient, 
Fr. ; ingrediens, Lat.] Component part of a body, 
consisting of different materials. Bacon. 

I'NGRESS, Ing'-gres. 408. n. s. [ingressus, Lat.] 
Entrance j power of entrance; intromission. Ba- 
con. 

INGRE'SSION, fn-grgsh'-un. n. s. The act of enter- 
ing; entrance. Digby. 

I NGUINAL, ing'-gwe-nal. a. [inguen, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the groin. Arbuthnot. 

To INGU'LF, in-gulf. v. a. [in and gulf.] To swal- 
low up in a vast profundity. Milton. To cast into 
a gulf. Hay ward. 

To INGURGITATE §, in-g&r'-je-tate. v. a. [in- 
gurgito, Lat.] To swallow down. Cleaveland. To 
plunge into ; to ingulf. Fotherby. 

To INGURGITATE*, fn-gur'-je-tate. v. n. To 
drink largely ; to swig. Burton. 

INGURGITA'TION, m-g&r-je-ta'-shun. n.s. The 
act of intemperate swallowing. Sir T. Elyot. 

INGUSTABLE, in-g&s'-ta-bl.a. [in and gusto,hat] 
Not perceptible by the taste. Brown. 

INHABILE$, m-hab'-ll, or m-a-beeF.a. [inhabilis, 
Lat.] Unskilful ; unready ; unfit ; unqualified. 

2^= Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan have, in my opinion, 
very properly accented this word on the second sylla- 
ble ; but the French accentuation on the last seems the 
most current. For, though the origin of this word is 
the Latin inhabilis, it came to us through the French 
inhabile, and does not seem yet to be naturalized. W. 

INHABFLITY*, in-ha-bil'-e-te. n. s. Unskilfulness. 
Barrow. 

To INHABIT §, m-hab'-ft. v.a. [habUo, Lat.] To 
dwell in ; to hold as a dweller. Hooker. 

To INHABIT, in-hab'-lt. v.n. To dwell; to live. 
Milton. 

INHABITABLE, In-hab'-e-ta-bl. a. Capable of af- 
fording habitation. Danne. [inhabitable, Fr.] In- 
capable of inhabitants ; not habitable ; uninhabita- 
ble : formerly this was the sole explanation of the 
word ; but not now in use in this sense. Sliakspeare. 

INHABITANCE, m-hab'-n-anse. n. s. Residence 
of dwellers. Carew. 

INHABITANT, ln-hab' -it-ant. n.s. Dweller; one 
that resides in a place. Abbot. 

INHABITATION, in-hab-e-ta'-shfin. n.s. Abode; 
place of dwelling. Milton. The act of inhabiting, 
or planting with dwellings ; state of being inhabit- 
ed. Raleigh. Quantity of inhabitants. Brown. 

INHABITER, m-hab'-lt-fir. 98. n.s. One that in- 
habits; a dweller. Rev. viii. 
INHABITRESS*, m-haiy-e-tres. n.s. A female in- 
habitant. Bp. Richardson. 
To INHA'NCE*. See To Enhance. 
To INHA'LE, In-hale 7 , v. a. [inhalo, Lat.] To draw 

in with air ; to inspire. Arbuthnot. 
INHARMO'NICAL*, m-har-mon'-e-kal. a. [in and 

harmonical.] Discordant. 
INHARMONIOUS, in-har-mi'-ne-us. a. [in and 
harmonious] Unmusical ; not sweet of sound. 
Felion. 
To INHERES, in-here'. v. n. [inhcereo, Lat.] To 

exist in something else. Digby. 
INHERENCE*, In-he'-rense. )n.s. Existence in 
INHERENCY*, In-he'-rSn-se.Ji something else, so 

as to be inseparable from it. South. 
INHERENT, in-he'-rent. a. [inherens, Lat.] Ex- 
isting in something else, so as to be inseparable 



from it. Shak. Naturally conjoined ; innate ; in 
born. Dry den. 
INHERENTLY*, in-he'-rent-le. ad. By inherence. 

Bentleij. 
To INHERITS, ?n-her'-r?t. i\ a. [enheriter, Fr.] To 
receive or possess by inheritance Shak. To pos- 
sess ; to obtain possession of. Sliakspeare. 
INHERITABLE, in-hgr'-rit-a-bl. a. Transmissible 
by inheritance; obtainable by succession. Carew. 
INHERITABLY*. in-her'-rlt-a-ble. ad. By inherit- 
ance. Sherwood. 
INHERITANCE, m-her'-rft-anse. n.s. Patrimony; 
hereditary possession. Shak. The reception of pos 
session by hereditary right. Locke. Possession. Shak 
INHERITOR, m-her'-rn-ur. 169. n.s. An heir, 

one who receives by succession. Bacon. 
INHERITRESS, In-heV-rit-res. n. s. An heiress; a 

woman that inherits. Bacon. 
INHERITRIX, in-her'-rit-triks. n. s. An heiress. 

Sliakspeare. 
To INHERSE, in-herse'. v. a. [in and Jierse.] To 

enclose in a funeral monument. Sliakspeare. 
INHE'SION, m-he'-zh&n. 451. n. s. [inhcesio, Lat.J 
Inherence ; the state of existing in something else. 
South. 
INHLVTION*, in-hl-a'-shun. n.s. [inhiatio, Lat.] 

A gaping after ; a great desire. Bp. Hall. 
To INHIBITS, 'in-hib'-it. v.a. [inhibeo, Lat.] To 
restrain ; to hinder ; to repress ; to check. Bacon. 
To prohibit ; to forbid. Clarendon. 
INHIBITION, m-hl-bish'-fin. n.s. [inhibilio, Lat.] 
Restraint; hinderance. Burton. Prohibition; em- 
bargo. Government of the Tongue. [In law.] A 
writ to forbid a judge from farther proceeding in 
the cause depending before him. Coioel. 
To INHI'VE*, in-hlve y . v.a. To put into a hive. 

Cotgrave. 
To INHO'LD, in-hold'. v. a. [in and hold.] To have 

inherent ; to contain in itself. Raleigh. 
To INHO'OP*, in-hodp'. v.a. [in and hoop.] To con- 
fine in an enclosure. Sliakspeare. 
INHO'SPITABLE §, fn-hos'-pe-la-bl. a. [in and 
hospitable:] Affording no kindness nor entertain- 
ment to strangers. Milton. 
INHOSPITABLY, In-hos'-pe-ta-ble. ad. Unkindly 

to strangers. Milton. 
INHO SPTTABLENESS. in-hos'-pe-ta-bl-nes. ) 
INHOSP1TA/L1TY, In-h6s-pe-tal'-e-te. $ 

n.s. Want of hospitality; want of courtesy to 
strangers. Bp. Hall. 
INHU'MANij, in-hu'-man. 88. a. [inhumanus, Lat.] 

Barbarous; savage; cruel. Atterbwy. 
INHUMA'NITY, in-hu-man'-e-te. n.s. [inhumamte, 

Fr.] Cruelty ; savageness ; barbarity. Sidney. 
INHUMAN LY, in-hvV-man-le. ad. Savagely ; cruel 

ly; barbarously. Marston. 
INHUMA'TION*, in-hu-ma'-shun. n. s. A burying ; 

sepulture. Waterlioase. 
ToFNHUMATES, In-hu'-mate. } v. a. [inhumo, 
To IN HU'JVIE $, In-hume'. \ Lat To bury ; 

to inter. Sir T. Herbert. 
INIMA'GLNABLE*, In-e-mad'-jin-a-bl. a. Incon 

ceivable. Pearson. 
INIMICAL, in-im'-e-kal, or fn-e-mi'-kal. pn-W-e 
kal. Perry ; ln-im'-e-kal, or m-e-ml'-kal, Jones.] a. 
[inimicus, Lat.] Unfriendly; unkind; hurttul 
hostile ; adverse. Brand. 

{j^j= This word sprung up in the House of Commons about 
ten years ago, [sincel780] and has since been so much in 
use as to make us wonder how we did so long without it. 
It had,'indeed, one great recommendation, which was, 
that it was pronounced in direct opposition to the rules 
of our own language. An Englishman, who had never 
heard it pronounced, would, at first sight, have placed 
the accent on the antepenultimate, and have pronounced 
the penultimate i short ; but the vanity of showing its 
derivation from the Latin inimicus, where the penulti- 
mate i is long, and the very oddity of pronouncing 
this i long in inimical v made this pronunciation fashion- 
able. I know it may be urged, that this word, with re- 
spect to sound, was as great an oddity in the Latin 
language as it is in ours ; and that the reason for 
making the i long was its derivation from amicus. It 
512 



I]> 


u 








INL 


-no, 


move 


n6r, not 3 


-u'.bc, tflb,bull;— dll;- 


— pdftnd 


; — tfiin, THis. 



will bo said, too, that in other words, such as aromati- 
cus, tyrannicus, rtietoriciu*. &c, tho t was only termi- 
national; but in inimieus it was radical, and therefore 
entitled to the quantity of its original amicus. In an- 
swer to this, it may be observed, that this was no rea- 
son for placing the accent on that syllable in Latin. In 
that language, whenever the penultimate syllable was 
long, whether radical or terminational, it had always 
the accent on it. Thus the numerous terminations in 
alis and ator, by having tho penultimate a long, had 
always the accent on t^at letter, while tho i in the ter- 
minations His and itas seldom had tho accent, because 
that vowel was generally short. But allowing for a 
moment, that we ought servilely to follow the Latin ac- 
cent and quantity, in words which we derive from that 
language, this rule, at least, ought to be restricted to 
sach words as have preserved their Latin form, as ora- 
tor, senator, character, &c. ; yet in these words we find 
the Latin penultimate accent entirely neglected, and 
the English antepenultimate adopted. But if this 
Latin accent and quantity should extend to words from 
the Latin that are anglicised, then we ought to pro- 
nounce divinity, dc-vlne-e-ty ; severity, se-vere-e-ty ; 
and urbanity, ur-bane-e-ty. In short, the whole lan- 
guage would be metamorphosed, and we should neither 
pronounce English nor Latin, but a Babylonish dialect 
between both. W. 

IMMUTABILITY, In-lm-e-taipil'-e-te. n. s. Inca- 
pacity to be imitated. Norris. 
L\ I MUTABLE $, fo-lm'-e-ta-bl. 405. a.[inimitabilis, 

Lat.] Above imitation} not to be copied. Drayton. 
INIMITABLY, ni-W-e-tfi-ble. ad. In a manner not 

to be imitated ; to a degree of excellence above 

imitation. Pope. 
INIQUITOUS, la-fk'-kwe-tSs. a. Unjust; wicked. 
INIQUITY §, in-ik'-kwe-te. n. s. [iniquitas, Lat. ; 

iniquite, Fr.] Injustice ; unrighteousness. Smalridge. 

Wickedness; crime. Hooker. 
INFQUOUS*,5n-nV-kwus. a. [iniquus, Lat.] Unjust. 

Brown, 
ro INISLE*, in-lle'. v. a. [from isle.] To encircle ; 

to surround. Drayton. 
INITIAL §, m-iuW-al. 461. a. [initialis, Lat.] Placed 

at the beginning. Pope. Incipient ; not complete. 

Harvey. 
INITIALLY*, in-nlsh'-il-le. ad. In an incipient 

degree. Barrow. 
To INITIATE, fn-ish'-e-ate. v. a. [initio, Lat.] To 

enter ; to instruct in the rudiments of an art ; to 

place in a new state ; to put into a new society. ! 

More. To begin upon. Lord Clarendon. 
To INITIATE, in-fsh'-e-ate. 0.11. To do the first 

part ; to perform the first rite. Pope. 



The reception, admission, or entrance, of a new 
comer into any art or state. Hammond. 

INITIATORY*, in-fsh'-e-a-tur-e. a. Introductory. 
Herbert. 

INITIATORY*, In-ish'-e-a-tfir-e. n. s. Introductory 
rite. L. Addison. 

INFFIQN^, In-ish'-uri. n.s. Beginning. Naunton. 

To FNJE'CT$, In-jekt'. v.a. [injectus, Lat.] To 
throw in ; to dart in. Bp. Hall. To throw up ; to 
cast up. Pope. 

INJE'CTION, ?n-jel'-shun. n.s. [injectio, Lat.] The 
act of casting in. Bp. Hall. Any medicine made 
to be injected by a syringe, or any other instru- 
ment, into any part of the body. Quincy. The 
net of filling the vessels with wax, or any other 
proper matter, to show their shapes and ramifica- 
tions, ollen done by anatomists. Quincy. 

To IN JOIN, In-johi'. v. a. [enjoindre, Fr. ; injungo, 
Lat.] To command ; to enforce by authority. See 
To En'join. Hooker. To join. Shaksjxare. 

INJUCU'NDITY, m-ju-k.V'-de-te. n. s. [in and>- 
cundity.] Unpleasantness. Cockeram. 

INJU'DICABLE, in-jtV-de-ka-bl. a. [in and judko, 
Lat.] Not cognizable by a judge. 

INJUDICIAL, fn-jA-dlsh'-al. a. [in and judicial.] 
Not according to form of law. Diet. 

IN\IUDFCIOUS$, In-ju-dfsh'-us. a. [m and judi- 
cious.] Void of judgement ; without judgement. 
Burnet. 

65 



INJUDICIOUSLY, in-ju-dish'-fis-le. ad. With ill 
judgement ; not wisely. Broome. 

INJUDFCIOUSNESS*, in-jo.-dish'-as-ne's. n. s. 
Want of judgement. YVliitlock. 

INJUNCTION, fn-jfingk'-shun. n.s. [injunctio, Lat.] 
Command; order; precept. Hooker [In law.] 
An interlocutory decree out of the chancery. Cowet. 

To INJURE^, in'-jftr. v. a. [injuria, Lat.] To hurt 
unjustly; to mischief undeservedly; to wrong. 
Temple. To annoy ; to affect with any incon- 
venience. Milton. 

FNJURER, in'-jur-ur. 98. n. s. He that hurts another 
unjustly. B. Jonson. 

INJURIOUS, in-jtV-re-Qs. 314. a. Unjust; invasive 
of another's rights. Sliak. Guilty of wrongor inju- 
ry. Milton. Mischievous ; unjustly hurtful. Tillotson. 
Detractory; contumelious; reproachful ; wrongful. 
Sidney. 

INJURIOUSLY, in-jrV-re-us-le. ad. Wrongfully; 
hurtfuliy ; with injustice ; with contumely. Pope. 

INJU'RIOUSNESS^n-ji'-re-fis-nes. n.s. Quality 
of being injurious. K. Clmrles. 

FNJURY$, in'-ju-re. n.s. [injuria, Lat.] Hurt with- 
out justice. Hay ward. Mischief ; detriment. Watts. 
Annoyance. Mortimer. Contumelious language ; 
reproachful appellation. Bacon. 

INJUSTICE, hi-jus'-tis. 142. n. s. [Fr. injustitia, 
Lat.] Iniquity; wrong. Swift. 

INK$, Ingk. 408. n.s. [encre, Fr.] The black liquor 
with which men write. Sidney. Ink is used for 
any liquor with which they write : as, red ink ; 
green ink. 

To INK, Jngk. v. a. To black or daub with ink. 

FNKHORN, ingk'-horn. n. s. [enn, Sax., whence 
ink-ern, i. e. a little vessel, for which we corruptly 
write ink-horn.] A portable case for the instru- 
ments of writing. Shakspeare. 

FNKHORN* fngk'-horn. a. A reproachful epithet 
of elder times, meaning affected, pedantick, or 
pompous. Bale. 

FNKINESS*, ingk'-e-nes. n. s. Blackness. Sherwood. 

FNKLE, fng'-kl. 405. n.s. A kind of narrow fiilet ; a 
tape. Shakspeare. 

FNKLING, Sngk'-tfng. n. s. [inklincken, Teut.] 
Hint; whisper; intimation. Abp. Cranmer. De- 
sire; inclination. Grose. 

FNKMAKERingk'-ma-kur. n.s. He who makes ink. 

To INKNOT* in-n&f. v. a. To bind as with a knot. 
Fuller. 

FNKSTAND*, mgk'-stand. n, s. An utensil for hold- 
ing the instruments of writing. 

FNKY, fngk'-e. a. Consisting of ink. Shak. Re- 
sembling ink. Boyle. Black as ink. Shakspeare. 

To 1NLA CE*, i'n-lase'. v. a. [from lace.] To embel- 
lish with variegations. P. Fktcher. 

FNLAND§, In'-land. a. [in and land.] Interiour; ly- 
ing remote from the sea. Spenser. Civilized. Shak. 

FNLAND, In'-land. n. s. Interiour or midland parts. 
Spenser. 

FNLANDER, m'-lan-dur. 98. n. s. Dweller remote 
from the sea. Brown. 

FNLANDISH* in'-land-lsh. a. Native. Opposed 
to outlandish. Reeve. Ob. T. 

To INLA'PIDATE, m-liip'-e-date. v.a. [in and lapi- 
do.] To make stony; to turn to stone. Bacon. 

To INLA'RD*. See To E.nlard. 

To INLA'W, In-law'. t>. a. [in and laic] To clear of 
outlawry or attainder. Bacon. 

To INLA'Y$, in-la'. v. a. [in and lay.] To diversi- 
fy with different bodies inserted into the ground or 
substratum. Shak. To make variety by being in- 
serted into bodies ; to variegate. Milton. 

INL AT, In'-la. 492, 498. n.s. Matter inlaid; matter 
cut to be inlaid. Milton. 

INLA'YER*, In-la'-ur. n. s. One that inlays. Evelyn. 

FNLET, fri'-let. ri.s. [in and let] Passage ; place of 
ingress; entrance. Wotton. 

To INLFGHTEN*. See To Enlighten. 

To LNLO'CK*, In-lok'. v.a. [from lock.] To close; 
to lock, set, or shut one thing within another. Cot- 
grave. 

To LNLU'MINE*. See To Enlumine. 
513 



INN 



INO 



O 3 559.— Fate, i ar, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, 



INLY, in'-le. a. Interiour; internal} secret. Shak. 
INLY, fn'-le. ad. [inlice, Sax.] Internally ; within ; 

secretly ; in the heart. Spenser. 
FNMATE §, fn'-mate. n. s. One admitted to dwell for 

his money jointly with another man. Cowel. 
INMATE*, m'-mate. a. Admitted as an inmate. 

Milton. 
INMOST, m'-most. a. [innemeffc, Sax.] Deepest 

within ; remotest from the surface. Shakspeare. 
INN $, in. n. s. [inn, nine, Sax.] A chamber ; a lodg- 
ing ; a house ; a dwelling. Chaucer. A house of 
entertainment for travellers. Spenser. A house 
where students were boarded and taught : whence 
we still call the colleges of common law inns of 
court. Shak. It was anciently used for the town 
houses in which great men resided when they at- 
tended the court. 
To INN, in. v. it. To take up temporary lodging. 

Donne. 
To INN, In. v.a» To house; to put under cover. 
[innen, Teut.] Bacon. To lodge, [from the noun.] 
Chancer. 

INNATE $, m-nate'.91. )a. [innatus, Lat.] Inborn; 

INNATED^in-na'-t&i \ inger.erate; natural ; not 
superadded; not adscititious. Burton. Inherent. 
Beidley. 

INNATELY*, in-nate'-le. ad. Naturally. 

1NNATENESS, In-nate'-nes. n.s. The quality of 
being innate. 

1NNA ; VIG ABI ,E, fn-imv'-ve-ga-bl. a. [innavi^abilis, 
Lat.] Not to be passed by sailing. Dryden. 

INNER §, Jn'-nor. 98. a. [from in.] Interiour; not 
outward. Spenser. 

INNERLY*, ?n'-nur-le. ad. More within. Barret. 
Ob. T. 

INNERMOST, iV-nur-m6st. a. Inmost; deepest 
within. Prov. xviii. Remotest from the outward 
part. Newton. 

INNHO/LDER, in'-hW-dur. n.s. [inn and hold.] Ai 
inhabitant. Spenser. A man who keeps an inn 
an innkeeper. Bacon. 

INNING, in'-nmg. n. s. [innun£, Sax.] Ingathering 
of corn. Sherwood. In the plural, lands recovered 
from the sea. Ainsioorth. A term in the game of 
cricket ; the turn for using the bat. Dimcombe. 

INNKEE'PER, iiv'-keep-ur. n.s. One who keeps 
lodgings and provisions for the entertainment of 
travellers. Bp. Taylor. 

INNOCENCE, in'-r^-sense. \n.s. Purity from in- 

INNOCENCY, In'-ni-sen-se. \ jurious action; un- 
tainted integrity. Milton. Freedom from guilt im- 
puted. Shak. Harmlessness; innoxiousness. Bur- 
net. Simplicity of heart, perhaps with some de- 
gree of weakness. Shakspeare. 

INNOCENT §, iV-no-sent. a. [innocens. Lat.] Pure 
from mischief. Shak. Free from any particular 
guilt. St. Matt, xxvii. Unhurtful ; harmless in ef- 
fects. Pope. Ignorant. Chaucer. 

INNOCENT, m'-n6-sent. n. s. One free from guilt 
or harm. Gower. A natural ; an idiot. Hooker. 

INNOCENTLY, in'-no-sent-le. ad. Without guilt. 
South. With simplicity ; with silliness or impru- 
dence. Without hurt. Cowley. 

INNO'CUOUS^, in-nok'-ku-us. a. \innocuus, Lat.] 
Harmless in effects. More. Doing no harm. Bur- 
ton. 

INNOCUOUSLY, m^k'-ku-us-le. ad. Without 
mischievous effects. Brown. 

INNO'CUOUSNESS, m-nok'-ku-us-nes. Harmless- 
ness. Dis;by. 

INNO'MINABLE $*, m-n&m'-fn-a-bl. a. [innaminabi- 
lis, Lat.] Not to be named. Chaucer. 

INNO'MINATE*, fn-nSm'-m-ate. a. Without a 
name ; not named. Sir T. Herbert. 

To INNOVATES, k'-no-vate. 91. v. a. [innovo, 
Lat.] To bring in something not known before. Ba- 
con. To change by introducing novelties. Burton. 

To INNOVATE* in'-n6-vate. v. n. To introduce 
novelties. Bacon. 

INNOVATION. In-no-va'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] Change 
by the introduction of novelty. 

INNOVATOR, m'-n6-va-tur. 166, 521. n. s. An in- 



troducer of novelties. Shak. One that makes 
changes by introducing novelties. South. 

INNO'XIOUSS, In-n&k'-sh&s. a. \innoxius, Lat.] 
Free from mischievous effects. Digby. Pure from 
crimes. Burton. 

INNO'XIOUSLY, in-n&k'-shus-ie. ad. Harmlessly; 
without harm done. Without harm suffered. Broun. 

INNO'XIOUSNESS, m-nok'-shus-nes. n. s. Harm- 
lessness. 

INNUENDO, !n-nu-en / -d6. n. s. [innuendo, from in- 
nuo, Lat.] An oblique hint. Dryden. 

INNUENT* in'-nu-ent. a. [innuens, Lat.] Signifi- 
cant. Burton. 

INNUMERABFLITY* in-nu'-m&r-a-bll'-e-te. n.s. 
State or qualitv of being innumerable. Fotherby. 

INNUMERABLE §, In-iuV-mur-a-bl. a. [innumera- 
bilis, Lat.] Not to be counted for multitude. SJmk. 

INNU'MERABLENESS*, fn-mV-mur-a-bl-nes n.s. 
Innumerabilitv. Shei-wood. 

INNUMERABLY, in-mV-mur-a-ble. ad. Without 
number. 

INNU'MEROUS, fri-nu'-mur-us. 557. a. [innumems, 
Lat.] Too many to be counted. Milton. 

INOBETJIENCEV, tn-6-beZ-je-ense. [See Obedi 
ence.] n. s. [Fr.] Disobedience. Bp. Bedell. 

INOBE'DIENT*, to-6-be'-je-ent. a. Disobediem. 
Formerly used as a substantive. 

INOBSE'RVABLE$*, m-ob-zerv'4-bl. a. [inob- 
se)-uabilis, Lat.] Unobservable. BuJlokar. 

INOBSERVANCE*, in-6b-zerv'-anse. n.s. Want 
of observance ; disobedience ; heedlessness. Bacon. 

1NOBSERVAT10N*, m-ob-zer-va'-shun. n. s. 
Want of observation. Shuckford. 

To INOCULATE §, ?n-6k / -ku-late. v. n. [inoado, in 
and oculus, Lat.] To propagate any plant, by in- 
serting its bud into another stock; to practise inocu- 
lation. May. 

To INO CULATE, m-ok'-ku-late. v. a. To yield a 
bud to another stock. Shak. To infect with the 
small-pox by inoculation. Reid. 

INOCULATION, m-6k-ku-la'-shun. n. s. The act of 
inserting the eye of a bud into another stock. Miller. 
The practice of transplanting the small-pox, by in- 
fusion of the matter from ripened pustules into the 
veins of the uninfected. Arbuthnot. 

INO / CULATOR,m-6k / -ku-la-tur.521.n.s. One that 
practises the inoculation of trees. One who propa- 
gates the small-pox by inoculation. Freind. 

To INO DI ATE*, m-i'-de-ate. v. a. [in and odious.] 
To make hateful. South. 

INO DORATE $, m-6 / -dur-ate. a. [in and odcratus, 
Lat.] Having no scent. Bacon. 

INO'DOROUS, in-6'-dur-fis. 314. a. Wanting scent; 
not affecting the nose. Arbidhnot. 

INOFFENSIVE §, fn-of-fen'-sfv. 158. [See Of- 
fensive.] a. [in and offensive?] Giving no scan- 
dal ; giving no provocation. Fleetwood. Giving 
no uneasiness; causing no terrour. Locke. Harm- 
less; hurtless; innocent. Sir T. Herbert. Un- 
embarrassed ; without stop or obstruction. Milton. 

INOFFENSIVELY, in-of-fen'-slv-le. ad. Without 
appearance of harm; without harm. Bp. Hall. 

INOFFENSIVENESS, in-Sf-fen'-siv-nes. n. s 
Harmlessness. Bp. Hall. 

INOFFICIOUS $, in-of-fish'-us. 357. [See Offi 
cious.] a. [inojiciosus, Lat.] Not civil; not atten- 
tive to the accommodation of others. B. Jonson. 
Applied by civilians to that will, in which they are 
omitted, or but slightly provided for, who ought 
chiefly to be considered. Bullokar. 

IN OPERATION*, fn-op-er-a'-sh&n. n. s. [from ope- 
ration.] Production of effects ; agency; influence. 
Bp. Hall. 
INOTINATE, in-6p / -e-nate. 91 . a. [inopinatus, Lat.] 

Not expected. 
INOPPORTUNE $, m-op-p6r-tiW. a. [inopportu- 

nus. Lat.] Unseasonable ; inconvenient. 
INOPPORTUNELY* in-&p-p6r-tune'-le. ad. Un- 
seasonably; inconveniently. Donne. 
INORDINACY, m-or'-de-na-se. 168. n.s. Irregu- 
larity: disorder. Bp. Taylor. 
INORDINATE Un-6r'-d£-nate. 91 a. [inandordi- 
514 



INS INS 




— n6, move, n6r, not 5— lube, tub, bull ;— 6i'l ;— pound ;— -thin, mis. 



naius, Lat.] Irregular; disorderly; deviating from 
right. Spejiser. 

INORDINATELY, ln-fir / -d6-nite-tt. arf. lrregular- 
iv ; not rightlv. Skelton. 

1NO UDINAtENESS, in-oV-de-nate-nes. n. s. 
Want of regularity; intemperance of any kind. 
Bp. Hall. 

INORDINA'TION, ln-6r-de-na'-shnn. n. s. Irregu- 
larity ; deviation from right. Bp. Taylor. 

INORGA N1CAL, in-6r-gan'-e-kal. a. [in and or- 

fanical.] Void of organs or instrumental parts. 
iurton. 

To INOSCULATE §, ln-os'-ki'i-late. v. n. [in and 
osculum, Lat.] To unite by apposition or contact. 
Derham. 

To INOSCULATE*, in-ds'-ku-late. v. a. To insert; 
to join in, or among. Bp. Berkeley. 

INOSCULATION, in-ds-ku-la'-shun. h. s. Union 
by conjunction of the extremities. Ray. 

INQUEST, in'-kwest. 408. n.s. [enqueste, Fr.] Judi- 
cial inquiry or examination. Atlerbury. [In law.] 
The inquest of jurors, or by jury, is the most usual 
trial of all causes, both civil and criminal. Cowel. 
Inquiry ; search ; study. South. 
IV UNQUIET §*, fn-kwi'-et. v. a. [inquieier, old Fr.] 
To disquiet; to trouble ; to disturb. Bp. Fisher. 

UNQUIET ATION* ln-kwi-e ; ta'-shun. n.s. Distur- 
bance ; annoyance. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 

INQUIETUDE, jn-kwl'-e-tude. «. s. [Fr.] Disturb- 
ed stale ; want of quiet; attack on the ouiet. Wotton. 

To INQUINATE $, Ing'-kwe-nate. v. a. [inquino, 
Lat.] To pollute ; to corrupt. Brown. 

INCLINATION, ing-kwe-na'-sh&n. *. s. Corrup- 
tion ; pollution. Bacon. 

INQUIRABLE, in-kwl'-ra-bl. a. Of which inquisi- 
tion or inquest may be made. Bacon. 

To INQUIRE §, In-kwlre'. v. n. [inquiro, Lat.] To 
ask questions; to make search; to exert curiosity 
on any occasion. Sluxk. To make examination. 
Dryden. 

To INQUIRE, fri-kwlre'. v. a. To ask about ; to 
seek out. To call ; to name. Spenser. It is now 
more commonly written enquire. [So says Dr. 
Johnson ; but Mr. Todd says " it is more usually 
written with in." See To Enquire.] 

lXQUIRENT*,in-kwi'-rent.a. [inquirens, Lat.] In- 
quiring into; wishing to know. Shenstone. 

INQUIRER, In-kwl'-rur. 98. n.s. Searcher; exam- 
iner; one curious and inquisitive. Brown. One 
who interrogates ; one who questions. 

INQUIRY, in-kwl'-re. n.s. Interrogation; search 
by question. Acts, x. Examination ; search. Locke. 

INQUISITION, in-kwe-zfsh'-fin. 410. n. s. [inqui- 
silio, Lat.] Judicial inquiry. Psalm ix. Examina- 
tion; discussion. Bacon. '[Inlaw.] A manner of j 
proceeding in matters criminal, by the office of the 
judge. Cowel. The court established in some 
countries, subject to the pope, for the detection of 
heresv. Trapp. 

INQUISITIONAL*, k-kwe-zlsh'-fln-al. a. Busy in 
inquiry. Sterne. 

INQUISITIVE^, in-kwiz'-ze-ttv. a. [inquisitus, L<xL] 
Curious ; busy in search ; active to pry into any 
thing. Shakspeare. 

INQUISITIVELY, m-kw?z'-ze-trv-le. ad. With cu- 
riosity; with narrow scrutiny. Donne. 

1NQUISITIVENESS, fn-kwiz'-ze-uV-nes. n.s. Cu- 
riosity; diligence to pry into things hidden. Sidney. 

INQUISITOR, 'm-kwlz'-ze-tur. 166. n. s. [Lat.] 
One who examines judicially. Bacon. One who is 
too curious and inquisitive. FeltJwm. An officer 
in the popish courts of inquisition. Fulke. 

INQUISITORIAL*, in-kwiz-ze-t6 / -re-al. a. With 
the severity of an inquisitor. Blackburne. 

INQUISITO'RIOUS*, ln-kwlz-ze-t6'-re-ns. a. With 

the prying severity of an inquisitor. Milion. 
Tn INRATL, in-rakV. v. a. To enclose within rails. 
Hooker. 

INROAD, In' -rode. n.s. [in and road.] Incursion; 
sudden and desultory invasion. Shakspeare. 

INSA'FETY* m-saieMe. n.s. Want of safety. Noun- 
■ ton. 



INSALU'BRITY*,m-sa-la'-bre-te. n.s. [insdubrite , 
old Fr.] Unwholesomeness. Gregory. 

INSA'NABLE, in-san'-a-bl. [See Sanable.] a. [in- 
sattabiliSfhai,} Incurable; irremediable. Cockeram. 

INSA'NES, in-sane', a. [insanus, Lat.] Mad. Haslam. 
Making - mad. Shakspeare. 

INSA'NlTY*, in-san'-e-te. n. s. Want of sound mind ; 
madness. Hale. 

INSA'PORY* in-sa'-pur-e. a. [in and sapor.] Taste- 
less; wanting flavour. Sir T. Herbert. 

INSATIABLE $, in-sa'-she-a-bl. a. [insatiabilis, 
Lat.] Greedy beyond measure; greedy so as not 
to be satisfied. South. 

INSA'TIABLENESS, m-saAshe-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Greediness not to be appeased. Bp. Hall. 

INSATIABLY, In-sa'-she-a-ble. ad. With greedi- 
ness not to be appeased. South. 

LNSATIATE, m-sa'-she-ate. 91, 542. a. Greedy so 
as not to be satisfied. Shakspeare. 

INSATIATELY*,in-sa'-she-ate-le. ad. So greedi- 
ly as not to be satisfied. Sir T. Herbert. 

FNSATIETY*, In-sa-tl'-e-te. n. s. Insatiableness. 
Granger. 

INSATISFA'CTION^-sat-fs-fak'-sh&n. n.s. Want; 
unsatisfied state. Bacon. Ob. J. 

INSATURABLE, m-satsh'-u-ra-bl. 461. a. [insatu 
T.ibilis, Lat.] Not to be glutted; not to be filled. 

To INSCO'NCE*. See To Ensconce. 

To INSCRIBE Un-skrlbe'. v. a. [inscribo, Lat.] To 
write on any thing. Shale. To mark any thing 
with writing; as, I inscribed the stone with my 
name. To assign to a patron without a formal 
dedication. Dryden. To draw a figure within 
another. Notes to Creech's Manilius. 

1NSCRIBER*, m-skri'-bur. n. s. One who inscribes, 
Pcncnall. 

INSCRIPTION, in-skrlp'-shun. n. s. [inscriptio, 
Lat.] Something written or engraved. Dryden. 
Title. Broiim. Consignment of a book to a patron 
without a formal dedication. 

INSCRIPTIVE*, in-skrfp'-tiv. a. [inscriptus, Lat.] 
Bearing inscription. Pursuits of Literature. 

To INSCRO'L* In-skrole'. v. a. To write on a scroll. 
Shakspeare. 

INSCRUTABILITY*, fn-skru-ta-bll'-e-te. n. s. In- 
capability of being discovered, or traced out. Wake- 
field. " 

INSCRUTABLE §, ln-skm'-ta-bl. a. [inscndoMlis , 
Lat.] Unsearchable; not to be traced out by inqui- 
ry or study. Bacon. 

INSCRUTABLY*, m-skru'-ta-ble. ad. So as not to 
be traced out. 

ToINSCU'LP^ln-skftlp'. v. a. [insculpo, Lat.] To 
engrave ; to cut. Shalcspeare. 

INSCU'LPTION*, In-skulp'-shfin. n. s. Inscription. 
Toumeur. Ob. T. 

LNSCU'LPTURE, in-skolp'-tshure. 461. n. s. Any 
thing engraved. Shakspeare. 

To INSE'AM, in-seme 7 . v. a. To impress or mark 
by a seam or cicatrix. Pope. 

To INSE ARCH* In-sertsh'. v. n. To make inquiry. 
Sir T. Elyot. 

INSECTS, fn'-sekt. n.s. [insecta, Lat.] A tribe of 
animals, so called from a separation in the middle 
of their bodies, whereby they are cut into two parts, 
which are joined together by a small ligature, as 
in wasps and common flies. Locke. Any thing 
small or contemptible. Thomson. 

INSECTATOR, m-sgk-ta'-tur. 166. n. s. [from in- 
sector,_ Lat.] One that persecutes or harasses with 
pursuit. Diet. 

INSECTED*, rn'-s^kt-^d. a. [from insect] Having 
the nature of an insect. Howell. 

INSE'CTILE, in-sek'-tll. 140. a. Having the nature 
of insects. Bacon. 

INSE'CTILE*. m-sek'-tll. n. s. An insect. Wot- 
ton. 

INSECTOTOGER, in-se1t-t&l'-6-jar. 518. n. s. [in* 
sect and ><5vo?.] One who studies or describes in- 
sects. Dei-ham. 

INSECU'RE$, in-se-kiW. a. [in a.<d secure] Not 
."il J 



INS 














INS 


[CF 559- 


-Fate 


fir, fill, 


fat;- 


— me, 


met ;- 


—pine 


i P*n >— 



por 
INSE 



secure ; not confident of safety. Tillotson. Not safe. 
Hurd. 
INSECURELY*, fn-se-kore'-le. ad. Without cer 

tainty. Lord Chesterfield. 
INSECURITY, in-se-ku'-re-te. n. s. Uncertainty ; 
want of confidence. Brown. Want of safely ; dan- 
ger ; hazard. Hammond. 
INSECU'TION, m-se-kA'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; insecutio, 

LatJ Pursuit. Cluipman. Ob. J. 
To INSE'MINATE §*, m-sem'-e-nate. v. a. [insemi- 

no, Lat.] To sow. Cockeram. 
INSEMINA'TION, fn-sem-e-na'-shfin. n. s. The act 

of scattering seed on ground. 
INSE'NSATE, in-sen'-sate. 91. a. [insensato, Ital.] 
Stupid j wanting' thought ; wanting sensibility. 
Hammond. 
INSENSIBFLITY, m-sen-se-bll'-e-te. n.s. [insensi- 
bilite, Fr.] Inability to perceive. Stupidity 3 dul- 
ness of mental perception. Torpor 3 duJness of cor- 
poral sense. 

^SE'NSIBLE $, in-sen'-se-bl. 405. a. Imperceptible ; 
not discoverable by the senses. Shak. Slowly 
gradual, so as that no progress is perceived. Dry- 
den. Void of feeling, either mental or corporal. 
Milton. Void of emotion or affection. Temple. 
Void of sense or meaning. Hale. 
INSE'NSIBLENESS, in-sen'-se-bl-nes. n.s. Ab- 
sence of perception 3 inability to perceive. Bp. Hall. 
INSE'NSIBLY, m-s£n'-se-ble. ad. Imperceptibly; 
in such a manner as is not discovered by the senses. 
Milton. By slow degrees. Milton. Without men- 
tal or corporal sense. 
INSE'NTIENT*, in-sen'-shent. a. [in and sentiens, 

Lat.] Not having perception. Reid. 
INSEPARABILITY, in-sep-par-a-bfl'-e-te. ) 
INSE'PARABLENESS^n-sep'-par-a-bl-nes. \ 
The quality of being such as cannot be severed or 
divided. Burnet. 
INSEPARABLE, in-sep'-par-a-bl. a. [Fr.; insepa- 
rabilis, Lat.] Not to be disjoined ; united so as not 
to be parted. Bacon. 
1NSETARABLY, in-sep'-par-a-ble. ad. With indis- 
soluble union. Bacon. 
FNSETARATE* m-sep'-par-iit. a. Not separate ; 

united. 
LNSE PARATELY* m-sep'-par-dt-le. ad. So as not 

to be separated. Abp. Cranmer. 
To INSE'RT$, in-sert'. v. a. [insero, insertum, Lat.] 
To place in or amongst other things. Stillingjleet. 
INSERTION, m-ser'-sh&n. ??. s. [Fr. ; i?isertio, Lat.] 
The act of placing any thing in or among other 
matter. Fclton. The thing inserted. Broome. 
To UNSERVE §, fn-serv'. v. a. [inservio, Lat.] To 

be of use to an end. 
INSE'RVIENT, m-seV-ve-ent. a. Conducive ; of use 

to an end. Brown. 
To INSE'T*, in-set', v. a. [in and set.] To implant ; 

to infix. Cliaucer. 
INSHA'DED*, In-sha'-ded. part. a. [in and sliade.] 
Marked with different gradations of colours. W. 
Browne. 
To INSHE'LL, Sn-shel'. v. a. [in and shell.-] To hide 

in a shell. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To INSHE'LTER*, in-shel'-t&r. v. a. To place un- 
der shelter. Shakspeare. 
To INSHFP, In-shlp'. v. a. To shut in a ship 3 to 

stow ; to embark. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To INSHRFNE, fn-shrlne'. v. a. To enclose in a 

shrine or precious case. Sluxkspeare. 
PNSIDE, hi'-slde. n. s. [in and side.] Interiour part ; 

part within. Opposed to the outside. Shakspeare. 
To INSFDIATE*, f n-sld'-e-ate. v. a. [insidior, Lat.] 

To lie in ambush for. Weevers Port. 
INSIDIATOR, m-sld-e-a'-tur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] One 

who lies in wait. Bairow. 
INSPDIOUSS, k-sld'-e-fis, or m-sld'-je-us. 293, 
294. a. [insidicsus, Lat.] Sly 5 circumventive ; dili- 
gent to entrap 3 treacherous. Atterbury. 
INSI'DIOUSLY, tn-sfd'-e-fc-te. ad. In a sly and 
treacherous manner ; with malicious artifice. Bacon. 
INSPDIOUSNESS*. m-sid'-e-fis-nes. n.s. State or 
quality of being insidious. Barrow. 



FNSIGHT, fn'-slte. n. s. [insicht, Dutch.] Introspec 
tion ; deep view 3 knowledge of the interiour parts , 
thorough skill in any thing. Sidney. 

INSIGNIA*, ?n-s?g'-ne-a n. s. pi. [Lat.] Distin- 
guishing marks of office or honour. Burke. 

INSIGNIFICANCE, m-sfg-nff-le-kanse. ) n. s. 

INSIGNIFICANCY, in-s?g-nlf-fe-kan-s6. J Want of 
meaning 3 unmeaning terms. Glanoilk. Unimpor- 
tance. Addison. 

INSIGNIFICANT $, in-sfg-nif-fe-kant. a. [in and 
significant.] Wanting meaning ; void of significa- 
tion. Blaclcmore. Unimportant 3 wanting weight; 
ineffectual. Glanville. 

INSIGNIFICANTLY, ln-s?g-nff-fe-kant-le. ad. 
Without meaning. Hale. Without importance or 
effect. 

LNSIGNFFICATPTE*, in-s%-n?f-fe-ka-tlv. a. Not 
betokening by an external sign. Lett, upon Physi- 
ognomy. 

INSINCE'RE $, m-shi-sere'. a. [insincerus, Lat.] Not 
what one appears 5 not hearty 3 dissembling; un- 
faithful. Not sound ; corrupted. Pope. 

INSINCERELY*, In-sln -sere'-le. ad. Unfaithfully 3 
without sincerity. Mountagu. 

INSINCERITY, in-sln-ser'-e-te. n.s. Dissimulation ; 
want of truth or fidelity. Broome. 

To INSFNEW, m-sin'-nu. v. a. [in and sinew.] To 
strengthen ; to confirm. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

INSIxNUANT, m-sm'-nu-aut. a. [Fr.] Having the 
power to gain favour. Wotton. 

To INSINUATE §, m-sln'-nu-ate. v. a. [insinuer, 
Fr. ; insinuo, Lat.] To introduce any thing gently. 
Woodward. To push gently into favour or regard. 
Hooker. To hint ; to impart indirectly. Swift. To 
instil ; to infuse gentry. Locke. 

To INSINUATE, m-sln'-nu-ate. v. n. To wheedle ; 
to gain on the affections by gentle degrees. Shak. 
To steal into imperceptibly j to be conveyed insen- 
sibly. Harvey. To infold} to wreath 3 to wind. 
Milton. 

INSINUATION, in-sin-nu-a'-shfin. n.s. Introduc- 
tion of any thing. Crashaw. The power of pleas- 
ing or stealing upon the affections. Bacon. 

INSFNUATIVE. In-sIn'-mVa-tlv. a. Stealing on the 
affections. Bacon. 

INSFNUATOR, in-sfrv-nu-a-tur. 166, 521. n.s. The 
erson or thing which insinuates. Defoe. 
SFPIDj, In-sip'-pid. a. [Fr. ; insipidus, Lat.] 
Wanting taste; wanting power of affecting the or- 
gans of gust. Boyle. Wanting spirit 3 wanting pa- 
thos ; flat ; dull ; heavy. Dryden. 

rNSIPFDITY. in-se-pfd'-e-te. ) n.s. Want of taste. 

INSIPIDNESS, in-sJp'-pfd-nes. ] Sherwood. Want 
of life or spirit. Pope. 

INSIPIDLY, m-sip'-pid-le. ad. Without taste. Dul- 
ly 3 without spirit. Locke. 

FNSIPIENCE, m-sip'-e-ense. n.s. [insipientia, Lat.] 
Folly ; want of understanding. 

To INSISTS, in-sist 7 . v.n. [insister, Fr. 3 insislo 
Lat.] To stand or rest upon. Ray. Not to recede 
from terms or assertions ; to persist in. Sluik. To 
dwell upon in discourse. Decay of Christum Piety. 

INSISTENT, m-sfsMent. a. Resting upon any thing. 
Wotton. 

INSISTURE, hi-sis'-tshure. 461. 71.5. This word 
seems in Shakspeare to signify constancy or regu- 
larity. Sluikspeare. Ob. J. 

INSITIENCY, h-slsh'-e-en-se. n. s. [in and sitio, 
Lat.] Exemption from thirst. Grew. 

INSITION^n-slsh'-un. [See Transition.] n.s. 
[insitio. Lat.] The insertion or ingraftment of one 
branch into another. Ray. 

To INSN A'RE §, in-snare'. v. a. To entrap ; to catch 
in a trap, gin, or snare 5 to inveigle. Shak. To 
entangle in difficulties or perplexities. Hooker. To 
ensnare is more frequent. 

FNSNA'RER, in-sna'-riir. 98. n. s. He that insnares. 

To INSNA'RL*, in-snarl'. v. a. [from srwxl.] To en- 
tangle. Cotgrave. 

INSOBRI'ETY, fn-so-bri'-e-te. n.s. Drunkenness: 
want of sobriety. Decay of Christian Piety. 

INSO'CIABLE. in-sA'-she-a-bl. 405. a. [insociabilis, 
516 



irfs 



INS 



INS 



— u6, m6ve, n<Jr, n6t ;— tube, tftb, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— //iin, THis. 



Lat.] Averse from conversation. Shak. Incapable 
of* connexion or union. Wotton. 

To FNSOLATE $, in'-s6-late. 91. r. a. [i7isob, Lat.] 
To dry in the sun ; to expose to the action of the sun. 

INSOLATION, in-s6-li/-shun. n. s. Exposition to 
the sun. Bacon. [In medicine.] The influence of a 
scorching sun on the brain. Battie. 

I NSOLENCE $, in'-s6-lense. ) n. s. [Fr. ; insolcntia, 

I NSOLENCY^.m'-so-leu-se. > Lat.] Pride exerted 
in contemptuous and overbearing treatment of oth- 
ers ; petulant contempt. Spenser. 

To INSOLENCE, in'-so-lense. v. a. To insult; to 
treat with contempt. K. Cliarles. A bad word. 

1 NSOLENT, in'-so-lent. a. Unaccustomed : the pri- 
mary sense of the word. Pettie. Contemptuous of 
others; haughtv; overbearing. Atterburij. 

INSOLENTLY^, in'-s6-lent-le. ad. With contempt 
of others; haughtily; rudely. Drayton. 

INSOLFD1TY*, in-so-lid'-e-te. n. s. Want of solidi- 
tv ; weakness. More. 

INSOLUBLE, in-sol'-lu-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; insolubilis, 
Lat.] Not to be cleared ; not to be resolved. Hook- 
er. Not to be dissolved or separated. Arbntknot. 

FNSO'LYABLE, in-s6l'-va-bl. a. [insolvabk, Fr.] 
Not to be solved ; not to be cleared ; inextricable ; 
such as admits of no solution, or explication. Watts. 
That cannot be paid. Not to be loosed. Pojk. 

LNSO'LYENCY, in-sol'-vgn-se. n.s. Inability to pay 
debts. Slienstone. 

INSaLYENT, in-sol'-vent. a. [in and solvo, Lat.] 
Unable to pay. Howell. 

INSOMUCH, in-so-mutsh'. 352. conj. So that; to 
such a degree that. Spenser. 

To INSPECT^, in-spekt'. v. a. [inspitio, inspectum, 
Lat.lTo look into by way of examination. Warton. 

INSPECT*, in-spgkt'. n.s. Nice or close examina- 
tion. Thomson. Oh. T. 

INSPECTION, in-spgk'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; inspectio, 
Lat.] Prying examination; narrow and close sur- 
vey. Milton. Superintendence; presiding care. 
Atterburv. 

INSPECTOR, m-spek'-tur. 166. n. s. [Lat.] A pry- 
ing examiner. A superintendent. Watts. 

INSPE'RSED§*, in-sperst'. part. a. Sprinkled or cast 
upon. Cotgrave. 

INSPE'RSION, in-speY-shun. n. s. [inspersio, Lat.] 
A sprinkling upon. Bp. Taylor. 

INSPEXIM US*, in-spgks'-e-mus. n, s. [Lat.] The 
first wcrd of ancient charters, and letters patent ; 
an exemplification. It implies, We hav-e inspected 
it. Warton. 

To FNSPHE'RE, m-sfere'. v. a. To place in an orb 
or sphere. Drayton. 

INSPI'RABLE, Wspl'-ra-bl. a. Which may be 
drawn in with the breath; which may be infused. 
Harvey. 

INSPIRATION, in-spe-ra'-shun. n. 5. The act of 
drawing in the breath. Arbuthnot. The act of 
breathing into any thing. Infusion of ideas into 
the mind by a superiour power. Waits. 

7oINSPI'R'E(., in-spire'. v.n. [impiro. Lat.] To 
draw in the breath ; opposed to expire. Walton. 
To blow, as a gentle wind does. Spenser. 

To INSPFRE, in-splre'. v. a. To breathe into. Pope. 
To infuse by breathing. Wisd. xv. To infuse into 
the mind ; to impress upon the fancy. Milton. To 
animate by supernatural infusion." Milton. To 
draw in with the breath. Harvey. 

INSPI'RER, in-spl'-rur. 93. n. s. He that inspires. 

Derham. 
To INSPFRIT, in-spir'-it. [See Spirit.] v. a. [in 
and spirit.] To animate ; to actuate ; to fill with 
life and vigour; to enliven; to invigorate. Decay 
of Chr. Piety. '5 if 

To INSPFSSATE §, in-spis'-sate. v. a., [in and spis- 
sus, Lat.] To thicken; to make thick. Bacon. 

INSPFSSATE*, in-spV-sate. a. Thick. Greenhill. 

LNSPISSATION, in-spis-sa'-shun. n. s. The act of 
making anv liquid thick. Bacon. 

INSTABI LlTY, in-sta-bil'-e-te. n, s. Inconstancy ; 
fickleness : mutability of opinion or conduct. Ad- 
dison. 



INSTA'BLE$, in-sta'-bl. 405. a. [instabilis, Lat.] In- 
constant; changing. More. 

LNSTA BLENESS*, in-sta'-bl-nes. n.s. Fickleness} 
mutability. Howell. 

To INSTA'LLS, In-sial*'. 84, 406. v. a. To advance- 
to any rank or office, by phcing in the seat or stall 
proper to that condition. Shakspeare. 

INSTALLATION, J-.-stal-la'-shun. n.s. The act 
of giving visible possession 01 a rank or office, by 
placing in the proper seat. Aylifje. 

INSTALMENT, in-stalK-ment. n. s. The act of in- 
stalling. Shak. The seat in which one is installed 
Shaksprare. 

FNSTANCE, in'-stanse. ; n. s. [instance, Fr.] Im 

I'NSTANCY, in'-stan-se. \ portunity; urgency ; so- 
licitation. Hooker. Motive ; influence ; pressing 
argument. Sliak. Prosecution or process of a suit. 
Aylijfe. Example ; document. Bacon. State of 
any thing. Hale. Occasion ; act. Rogers. 

To FNSTANCE, in'-stanse. v. n. To give or offer 
an example. Tillotson. 

INSTANCED*, in'-stanst. part. a. Given in proof, 
or as an example. Bp. Hall. 

FNSTANT §, in'-stant. a. [Fr. ; instans, Lat.] Press- 
ing; urgent; importunate; earnest. St. Luke, 
xxiii. Immediate; without any time intervening ; 
present. Milton. Quick ; making no delay. Milton 

FNSTANT, in'-stant. n. s. Instant is such a part of 
duration wherein we perceive no succession. Locke. 
A particular time. Shak. In commercial language, 
a day of the present or current month. Addison. 

FNSTANTANE'lTY*,in-stan-ta-ne'-e-te. n.s. Un- 
premeditated production. Slienstone. 

INSTANTANEOUS, in-stan-ta'-ne-us. a. [instan- 
taneus, Lat.] Done in an instant; acting at once 
without any perceptible succession. Bvrnet. 
I INSTANTANEOUSLY, in-stan-ta'-ne-us-le. ad. 
In an indivisible point of time. Derham. 

I'NSTANTANY*, in'-stan-ta-ne. a. Our elder word 
for instantaneous. Bp. Hall, 

FNSTANTLY,in'-stant-le. ad. With urgent importu- 
nity. St. Luke, vii. Immediately; without any 
perceptible intervention of time. Bacon. 

To INSTATE, in-state'. 91. v. a. [in and state.] To 
place in a certain rank or condition. Hale. To 
invest. Shakspeare. 

INSTAURATION, in-staw-ra'-shfin. n.s. [instau 
ratio, Lat.] Restoration ; reparation ; renewal 
Selden. 

INSTAURATOR* in-staw-ra'-tfir. n. s. [Lat.] A 
re newer ; a restorer. More. 

INSTE'AD §, In-suM'. 23L prep, [in and stead, place.1 
In room of; in place of. Milton, Equal to. Til- 
lotson. 

§£r* A corrupt pronunciation of this word prevails, chief- 
ly in the capital, [London,] as if it were written wdid. 
This is not only a departure from the true sound of the 
diphthong, whicli is never pronounced like i short, but 
it is losing its relation to the substantive stead and the 
adjectives steady, steadfast, &c. W. 

INSTE'AD, in-sted'. ad. In the place ; in the room, 
Milton. 

ToINSTE'EP, in-steep', v. a. [in and steep,] To 
soak; to macerate in moisture. Shak. To lay un- 
der water. Shakspeare, 

FNSTEP, in'-step. n. s. [in and step.] The tipper 
part of the foot where it joins to the leg. Artnith' 
not. 

To FNSTIGATE§, in'-ste-gate. v. a. [instigo, Lat.] 
To urge to ill; to provoke or incite to a crime. 
Blackstone. 

INSTIGATION, in-ste-ga'-shfin. n.s. Incitement 
to a crime ; encouragement ; impulse to ill. Sluik. 

I'NSTIGATOR, in'-ste-ga-tfir. 521. n. s. Inciter to 
ill. King Charles. 

To INSTFL v , in-stil'. v. a. [instillo, Lat.] To infuse 
by drops. Milton. To insinuate any thing im- 
perceptibly into the mind ; to infuse. Hooker. 

INSTILLATION, in-stil-la'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of pouring in by drops. Cotgrave. The act of in- 
fusing slowly into the mind. The thing infused. 
Johnson. 

517 



INS 



INS 



\W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pto ;- 



INSTI'LLER* Jn-stll'-lfir. «. s. One who insin- 
uates any things imperceptibly into the mind. Skel- 
ton. 
INSTALMENT, in-stll'-ment. ». *. Any thing in- 
stilled. Sliakspeare. 
To INSTFMULATE*, m-stmi'-u-late. v. a. [instim- 

ulo, Lat.] To incite ; to provoke. Cockeram. 
INSTINCT, in-stfngkt'. a. Moved; animated. Mil- 
ton. 
INSTINCTS, In'-stlngkt. 494. n. s. [Fr.; irislinctus, 
Lat.] Desire or aversion acting- in the mind with- 
out the intervention of reason or deliberation; the 
power determining- the will of brutes. Milton. 
INSTINCTED, m-stfngkt'-eU a. Impressed as an 

aniriiating power. Bentley. 
INSTINCTION*, fn-stmgk'-shun. n. s. Instinct. Sir 

T. Ehjot. Ob. T. 
INSTINCTIVE, fn-stingk'-tlv. a. Acting without 

the application of choice or reason. Milton. 
INSTI'NCTIVE LY, In-st'mgk'-uV-le. ad. By instinct ; 

by the call of nature. Slumspeare. 
To INSTITUTES, in'-sti-tftte. v. a. [instituo, in- 
stitutum, Lat.] To fix ; to establish ; to appoint ; 
to enact} to settle; to prescribe. Hooker. To 
educate ; to instruct ; to form by instruction. De- 
cay of Chr. Piety. To invest with the spiritual 
part of a benefice. Const, and Can. Eccl. 
INSTITUTE, m'-ste-tute. n. s. [inslitulupi, Lat.] 
Established law ; settled order. Dryden. Precept ; 
maxim ; principle. Dryden. 
INSTITUTION, ?n-ste-t.V-shun. n. s. [institutio, 
Lat.] Act of establishing. Establishment ; settle- 
ment. Hooker. Positive law. Temple. Educa- 
tion. Hammond. The act of investing a clerk pre- 
sented to a rectory or vicarage with the spiritual 
part of his benefice. Const, aim Canons Eccl. 
INSTITUTIONARY, in-ste-tiV-shun-ar-e. 512. a. 
Elemental; containing the first doctrines, or prin- 
ciples of doctrine. Brown. 
INSTITUTIVE*, nV-ste-tu-t?v. a. Able to establish. 

Barrow. 
INSTITUTOR, In'-ste-tu-tur. 1G6, 521. n. s. [Lat.] 
An establisher ; one who settles. Holder. Instruc- 
ter; educator. Walker. 
INSTITUTIST, in'-ste-tft-tist. n. s. Writer of insti- 
tutes, or elemental instructions. Harvey. 
To INSTO'P, fn-st&p'. v. a. To close up ; to stop. 

Dryden. 
To INSTRUCTS, m-strukt'. v. a. participle pre- 
terit, instructed or instruct, [instruo, Lat.] To 
teach ; to form by precept ; to inform authorita- 
tively; to educate. Bp. Fislier. To model; to 
form. Ayliffe. 
INSTRUCTER, In-struk'-tur. 98. n. s. A teacher; 

an inslitutor. 1 Cor. iv. 
INSTRUCTIBLE* in-strukt'-e-bl. a. Able to in- 
struct. Bacon. 
INSTRUCTION, m-struk'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
teaching; information. Locke. Precepts convey- 
ing knowledge. Jer. xxxv. Authoritative infor 
mation ; mandate. Shakspeare. 
INSTRUCTIVE, m-struk'-tiv. 157. a. Conveying 

knowledge. Holder. 
INSTRUCTIVELY*, m-struk'-t?v-le. ad. So as to 

teach by instruction. Barrow. 
INSTRU'CTIVENESS*, in-strfik'-tiv-nes. n. s. 

Power of instructing. Situation of Paradise. 
INSTRUCTOR*. See Instructed 
INSTRU'CTRESS*, in-Strftk'-trfe. n. s. A female 

instrucler. Sir T. Elyot. 
INSTRUMENT §, m'-stru-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; instru- 
mentum, Lat.] A tool used for an}' work or pur- 
pose. Numb. xxxv. A frame constructed so as to 
yield harmonious sounds. Hooker. A writing con- 
taining any contract or order. Tobit. The agent. 
Shak. That by means whereof something is done. 
Sidney. One who acts only to serve the purposes 
of another. Sidney. 
INSTRUMENTAL, m-stru-men'-tal. a. [Fr.] Con- 
ducive as means to some end ; organical. Raleigh. 
Acting to some end ; contributing to some pur- 
pose; helpful. Swift. Consisting not of voices 



but instruments ; produced by instruments ; not vo- 
cal. Hooker. 

INSTRUMENTALITY, in-stru-men-tal'-e-te. n. s 
Subordinate agency; agency of any thing as means 
to an end. Hale. 

INSTRUMENTALLY, m-stru-meV-tal-e. ad. In 
the nature of an instrument, as means to an end, 



DU 



With instruments of musick. Mason.. 



INSTRUMENTALNESS, in-stru-men'-tal-nes. n.s. 

Usefulness as means to an end. Hammond. 
To INSTY'LE*, fn-stlle-'. v. a. [in and style.] To 

denominate; to call. Crashaw. 
INSU AVLTY*. fn-swaV-e-te. n. s. [insvavitas, Lat.] 

Unpleasantness. Burton. 
INSUBJECTION*, in-sob-jek'-shfin: n. $. [in and 

subjection.'] State of disobedience to government. 
lNSUBORDINA / TION*,?n-sub-6r-de-na / -shun.n.s. 

[in and subordination.] State of disorder. 
INSUBSTANTIAL*, m-s&b-stan'-shal. a. [in and 

substantial^ Not real ; unsubstantial. Shakspeare. 
INSUCCA'TION*, m-suk-ka'-shun. n. s. [insucca- 

tus. Lat.] Soaking. Evelyn. Ob. T. 
INSU'TFERABLES, hi-suf-f&r-a-bl. a. [m and 
sufferable.] Intolerable ; insupportable ; intense bc- 
■ yond endurance. Brawn. Detestable ; contempti- 
ble. Dryden. 
INSUFFERABLY, m-sfif-fur-a-ble. ad. To a de- 
gree beyond endurance. Milton. 
INSUFFICIENCE, in-suf-fish'-ense. ) n. s. lnade- 
INSUFFFCIENCY, fn-suf-ffsh'-en-se. ) qualeness 
to any end or purpose ; want of requisite value or 
power. Hooker. 
INSUFFICIENT §, m-suf-fish'-ent. a. [in and suf 
ficient.] Inadequate to any need, use, or purpose , 
wanting abilities ; incapable ; unfit. Spenser. 
INSUFFICIENTLY, fn-sfif-fSsh'-ent-le. ad. With 

want of proper ability ; not skilfully. 
INSUFFLA'TION, m-suf-fla'-shun. n. s. [in and 

sufplo. Lat.] The act of breathing upon. Fulke. 
INSUTTABLE*, in-siV-ta-bl. a. Not suitable. Bur- 
net. 
INSULAR Mn'-shu-lar. 461. )a. [insularis, Lat.] 
INSULARYUn'-shu-lar-e. ) Belonging to an 

island. Howell. 
INSULAR*, m'-shu-lar. n. s. An islander. Bp. 

Berkeley. 
To INSULATE, m'-shu-late. v. a. To make an 

island. Pennant. 
INSULATED, m'-shu-la-ted. a. [insula, Lat.l Not 

contiguous on any side ; not connected. Burke. 
INSU'LSE^, In-snlse'. a. [insulsus, Lat.] Dull ; in 

sipid; heavy; stupid. Milton. 
INSU'LSITY*, m-sal'-se-te. n. s. Stupidity. Cock 

eram. 
INSULT, , m'-sult. 492. n. s. The act of leaping 
upon any thing. Dryden. Act or speech of mso-- 
lence or contempt. Savage. 
To INSU'LT §, hi-salt'. vTa. [insulto, Lat.] To treat 
with insolence or contempt. Pope. To trample 
upon ; to triumph over. Shakspeare. 
To INSU'LT*, in-s&it'. v. n. To behave with inso- 
lent triumph. B. Jonson. 
INSULTA'TION*, In-sul-ta'-shun. n. s. [old Fr.] 

Insulting- or injurious treatment. Fellham. 
INSU'LTER, Sn-sult'-ur. 98. n. s. One who treats 

another with insolent triumph. Shakspeare. 
INSU'LTING*, m-sult'-fng. n. s. An act or speech 

of contempt or insolence. Barrow. 
INSU'LTINGLY, m-solt'-lng-le. ad With contemp- 
tuous triumph. Dryden. 
To INSU'ME*, fn-siW. v. a. [insumo. Lat.] To 

take in. Evelyn. 
INSUPERABI'LITY, in-su-per-a-bil'-e-te. n. s. The 

quality of being invincible. 
INSUPERABLE §, in-siV-pcr-a-bl. a. [insuperahilis 
Lat.] Invincible; insurmountable; not to be con 
quered; not to be overcome. Digby. 

j §£r This word is frequently, but very incorrectly, pro 
I nounced as if written oishuperabte. The s is nevor 

aspirated when the accent is on the succeeding vowol. 

bat in sure, sugar, and their compounds. — See Princi- 
i pies, No. 454, 455, 462.— See Su pe r a b i.e. TV. 
518 



INT 



INT 



— 116, mdve, nor, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pflund ; — thin, THis. 



1NSUPERABLENESS, . to-siV-per-a-bklfis. n. s. 

Invincibleness; impossibility to be surmounted. 
lNSU'PERABLY,m-so.'-per-a-bl4. ad. Invincibly} 

insurmountably. Grew. 
INSUPPO'RTABLE}, in-sup-porMa-bl. a. [insup- 
portabk, Fr.] Intolerable ; insufferable 5 not to be 
endured. South. 

INSUPPO'RTABLENESS, m-sup-por'-tii-bl-nes. 
n. s. Insufferableness 5 the state of being beyond 
endurance. Sidney. 

INSl PPO RTABLY, in-sup-por'-ta-ble. ad. Be- 
yond endurance. Milton. 

INSUPPRE'SSIBLES*, m-sftp-pres'-s^-hl. a. [in 
and suppressive.] Not to be concealed or sup- 
pressed. Young. 

lXSl'PPRESSiVF^.ln-sup-pres'-slv. a. Not to be 
kept under ; not lo be suppressed. Shakspeare. 

INSURABLE*, in-shure'-a-bl. 454. a. Capable of 
being insured. 

INSU'RANCE*, in-shure / -ansc. n. s. Exemption from 
hazard, obtained by payment of a certain sum. 
See En sur ance. 

l.\sr RAIfCGR*. See Ensurancer. 

To FNSURE*. See To Ensure. 

INSU RER*. See Ensurer. 

r.XSU'RGENT*, in-sur'-jent. n.s. [insurgens, Lat.] 
One who rises n open rebellion against the estab- 
lished government of his country.- Gidkrie. 

INSURMOUNTABLE *, in-sur-moun'-ta-bl. 405. a. 
[insurmontable, Fr.] Insuperable ; unconquerable. 
Locke. 

INSURMOUNTABLY, m-s&r-mSfin'-la-ble. ad. 
Invincibly ; unconquerably. 

INSURRECTION ^in-sur-rek'-shfin. n. s. [insur- 
rectio, Lat.] A seditious rising ; a rebellious com- 
motion. Ezra. 

INSURRECTIONARY* in-sur-rek'-shun-a-re. a. 
Suitable to an insurrection. Burke. 

INSUSCEPTIBLE*. In-sus-sep'-le-hl. a. Not sus- 
ceptible; not capable. Wotton. 

INSUSURRA'TION, in-su-sur-ra'-sh&n. n. s. \in- 
susurro, Lat.] The act of whispering into some- 
thing. 

1NTACTIBLE, in-tak'-te-bl. 405. a. [in and tactum, 
Lat.] Not perceptible to the touch. Vict. 

lNTAGLIATED*, In-tag'-le-a-ted. a. Engraven; 
stamped on. Warton. 

IA'TA'GLIO, ?n-tal'-y6. 388. n.s. [Ital.] Any thing 
that has figures engraved on it so as to rise above 
the "-round Addison. 

INTA'IL*. See Entail. 

INTANGIBLE*, lu-tan'-je-bl. a. [in and tangible.] 
Not to be touched. Bp. Wilkins. 

To INTA'NGLE*. See To Entangle. 

INTA'STABLE, m-tas'-ta-bl. a. Not raising any 
sensations in the organs of taste. Grew. Ob. J. 

INTEGER, in'-te-Jur. 98. n. s. [Lat.] The whole 
of any thing. Arbulhnot. 

INTEGRALS, m'-le-gral. a. [Fr.] Whole; applied 
to a thing considered as comprising all its eonslit-j 
uent parts. Bacon. Uninjured; complete; not 
defective. Holder. Not fractional ; not broken into 
fractions. 

l'NTEGRAL, fn'-te-gral. 503. n. s. The whole made 
up of parts. Hale. 

INTEGRALITY*, m-te-gral'-e-te. n. s. Whole- 
ness; completeness. Whilaker. 

I'NTEGRALLY*, m'-te-gral-le. ad. Wholly; com- 
pletely. Whitaker. 

I'NTEGRANT*, in'-te-grant. a. Contributing to 
make up a whole. L. Addison. 

To INTEGRATE*, In'-te-grate. v. a. [ituegro, in- 
tegratus, Lat.] To form one whole ; to contain all 
the pans of. South. 

INTEGRATION*, fn-te-gra'-shSn. n. s. The act 
of making whole; the act of restoring. Cockeram. 

INTEGRITY, m-teg'-gre-te. n. s. [integrUas, Lat.] 
Honesty ; uncorrupt mind ; purity of manners ; 
uncorruptedness. Sluik. Purity; genuine, unadul- 
terated state. Hale. Entireness ; unbroken whole. 
Broome. 

INTE'GUMENT, in-teg'-gu-ment. n. s. [integumen- 



turn, Lat.l Any thing that covers or envelopes 
another. Wotton. 

INTELLECTS, In'-tel-lekt. n.s. [Fr.; intellects. 
Lat.l The intelligent mind; the power of under 
standing. Milton. 

INTELLECTION, In-tel-lek'-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; irtiel 
lectio, Lat.] The act of understanding. Glannlle. 

INTELLECTIVE, in-tel-lek'-tlv. a. [vUellectif, Fr.] 
Having power to understand. Wotton. To be per 
ceived by the intellect, not the senses. Milton. 

INTELLECTUAL, m-tel-lek'-tshi-al. 461. a. [intel- 
lectual, Fr.] Relating to the understanding; transact- 
ed by the understanding. Bp. Taylor. Mental ; 
comprising the faculty of understanding; belong- 
ing lo the mind. Waifs. Ideal; perceived by the 
intellect, not the senses. Cowley. Having the 
poAver of understanding. Hooker. Proposed as 
the object not of the senses but intellect. Cudivortli. 

INTELLECTUAL, m-tel-lek'-tslm-al. n. s. Intel- 
lect ; understanding; mental powers or faculties. 
Milton. 

INTELLECTUAL1ST* m-tel-lek'-tshu-al-k. n. s. 
One who over-rates the human understanding. 
Bacon. 

INTELLECTUALITY*, m-tel-lek-tshi-al'-e-te. 
7?.. s. The state of intellectual power. Hallywell. 

INTELLIGENCE §, k-teF-le-jense. } n.s. [Fr ; i«- 

INTELLlGENCYUn-teT-le-jen-se. $ telligeniia T 
Lat.] Commerce of information; notice; mutual 
communication ; account of things distant or secret. 
Hooker. Commerce of acquaintance ; terms on 
which men live with one another. Bacon. Spirit 5 
unbodied mind. Milton. Understanding; skill. 
Spenser. 

INTELLIGENCER, fn-tel'-le-jen-s&r. 98. n. s. One 
who sends or conveys news ; one who gives notice 
of private or distant transactions ; one who carries 
messages. Sidneii. 

INTELLIGENCING*, in-tel'-te-jen-smg. a. Con- 
veying information ; giving notice of private or dis- 
tant transactions. Milton. 

INTELLIGENT, m-tef-le-jent. a. [Fr.; intelligens, 
Lat.] Knowing; instructed; skilful. Bacon. Giv- 
ing information. Shakspeare. 

INTELLIGEOTIAL, fn-tel-le-jen'-shal. a. Consist- 
ing of unbodied mind. Milton. Intellectual ; exer- 
cising- understanding. Milton. 

INTELLIGIBILITY, fri-tel-le-je-bil'-e-te. n.s. Pos- 
sibility to be understood. Mason. The power of 
understanding; intellection. Glannlle. 

INTELLIGIBLE $ r In-teF-le-je-bl. a. [Fr. ; inlelligi- 
bilis. Lat.] To be conceived by the understanding ; 
possible to be understood. Burnet. 

INTELLIGIBLENESS, iu-tel'-le-je-bl-nes. n. s. 
Possibility to be understood ; perspicuity. Locke. 

INTELLIGIBLY, m-tel'-le-ie-ble. ad. So as to be 
understood; clearly; plainly. Roscmmnon. 

INTE'MERATEsMn-tem'-er-ate. 91. a. [intemera- 
tus, Lat.] Undefiled ; unpolluted. PaHheneia Sa- 

INTF/MERATENESS*, m-tem'-er-atc-n^s. n. s. 
State of being undefiled. Donne. 

INTE'MPERAMENT, m-lem'-per-a-ment. n.s. [in 
and temperament.] Bad constitution. Harvey. 

INTEMPERANCE, i'n-tem'-per-anse. >n.s. Want 

INTE'MPERANCY, m-tem'-per-an-se. $ of temper- 
ance, or moderation : commonly excess in meat or 
drink. Shakspeare. Excessive addiction to any ap- 
petite or affection. 

INTE'MPERATE^in-tem'-per-ate. 91. a. [iniem- 
peratus, Lat.] Immoderate in appetite ; excessive 
in meat or drink; drunken; gluttonous. Grant. 
Passionate; ungovernable; without rule. Shab. 
Excessive ; exceeding the just or convenient mean.: 
as, an intemperate climate. 

To INTEMPERATE*, In-tem'-per-ate. v. a To 
disorder; to put any thing out of its just or con- 
venient state. Whitaker. 

INTE'MPERATELY, m-tem'-per-ate-ie. ad. With 
breach of the laws of temperance. Tilhtson. Im- 
moderately ; excessively. Sprat. 

INTE'MPERATENESS, fn-tem'-per-ate-nes. n. s. 
519 



INT 



INT 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; 



Want of moderation. Unseasonableness of weather. 
Azhs wortk. 

INTE'MPERATURE, to-tem'-per-a-ture. n. s. Ex- 
cess of some quality. Cotgrave. 

INTEMPE'STIVE $*, to-t&n-peV-tlv. a. [intempesli- 
vu.s, Lat.] Unseasonable ; untimely ; not suitable to 
time or occasion. Burton. 

INTEMPE'STIVELY*, In-tem-peV-tlv-le. ad. Un- 
suitably to time or occasion. Burton. 

INTEMPESTFV1T Y* lu-tem-pes-uV-e-te. n. s. Un- 
suitableness to time or occasion. 

INTENABLE,?n-teV-a-bl. a. [mand tenable.] Inde- 
fensible 5 as, an intertable opinion ; an intenable for- 
tress. Warburton. 

To INTEND, m-tgnd'. v. a. [intendo, Lat.] To 
stretch out Spenser. To enforce; to make in- 
tense. Brutcn. To regard ; to attend ; to take care 
of. Hooker. To pay regard or attention to. Spen- 
ser. To mean ; to design. Sidney. 

1NTENDANT, m-ten'-dant. n. s.' [Fr.] An officer 
of the highest class, who oversees any particular 
allotment of the publick business. Arbuihnot. 

1NTENDER* in-tend'-fir. n. s. One who has inten- 
tion to do a thing. Feltham. 

To INTENDER*. See To Entender. 

INTENDMENT, in-tend'-e-ment. n. s. [entende- 
■merd, Fr.] Attention ; patient hearing. Spenser. 
Understanding ; skill. Spenser. Consideration ; 
thought. Spenser. Not used. 

INTENDMENT, m-tend'-ment. n. s. [entendement, 
Fr.] Intention ; design. Shakspeare. 

To INTENERATE$, fn-ten'-ner-ate. 554. v. a. [in 
and tener, Lat.] To make tender; to soften. 
Daniel. 

INTENERA'TION.ln-ten-ner-a'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of softening or making tender. Bacon. 

INTENIBLE, fn-ten'-e-bl. 405. a. [in and tenible.] 
That cannot hold. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

INTENSE §, fa-tense', a. [intensus, Lat.] Raised to 
a high degree ; strained ; forced ; not slight ; not 
lax. Boyle, Vehement ; ardent. Addison. Kept 
on the stretch ; anxiously attentive. Milton. 

INTENSELY, m-tgnseMe. ad. To a great degree ; 
not slightly ; not remissly. Addison. Attentively ; 
earnestly. Spenser. 

INTENS*ENESS, fn-tense'-nes. n. s. The state of 
being enforced in a high degree ; force ; contrariety 
to laxity or remission. Woodward. Vehemence ; 
ardencv. KnatcJibull. Great attention; earnest- 
ness. Baxter. 

INTENSION, hi-ten'-shun.«.s. [intensio, Lat.] The 
act of forcing or straining any thing. Bacon. 

INTENSITY*, m-ten'-se-le. n.s. Excess. Burke. 

INTENSIVE, k-ten'-slv. 428. a. Stretched or in- 
creased with respect to itself. Hale. Intent ; unre- 
mitted. Woffon. 

INTENSIVELY, m-ten'-siv-le. ad. By increase of 
degree. Bp. Bramhall. 

INTENT^, in-tent'. ".. [intentus, Lat.] Anxiously dil- 
igent ; fixed with close application K. Charles. 

INTENT, in-tent'. n.s. A design; a purpose; a 
drift; a view formed; meaning. Hooker. — To all 
intents. In all senses, whatever be meant or de- 
signed. South. 

INTENTION, In-ten'-shun. n.s. [intensio, Lai.] Ea- 
gerness of desire ; closeness of attention ; deep 
thought; vehemence or ardour of mind. Locke. 
Design ; purpose. Temple. The state of being in- 
tense or strained: generally written intension. 

INTENTIONAL, m-ten'-sh&n-al. 88. a. [intentionel, 
Fr.] Designed ; done by design. Rogers. 

INTENTIONALLY, Jn-teV-sh&n-ai-e. ad. By de- 
sign ; with fixed choice. Hale. In will, if not in 
action. Atterbury. 

1NTENTIVE, ?n-ten'-t?v. 157. a. Diligently applied ; 
busily attentive. Bacon. 

INTENTIVELY, in-ten'-tlv-le. ad. With applica- 
tion ; closely. Bp. Hall. 

INTENTIVENESS*, fn-ten'-tW-nes. n. s. State of 
being intentive ; diligent employment or applica- 
tion. W. Mountague. 



INTENTLY, m-tent'-le. ad. With close attention ; 
with close application; with eager desire. Ham- 
mond. 

INTENTNESS, ?n-tent'-nes. n. s. The state of being 
intent ; anxious application. South. 

ToINTE'R^in-ter'. v. a. [enterrer, Fr.] To cover 
under ground ; to bury. Shakspeare. To cover 
with earth. Mortimer. 

INTERACT*, fri'-ter-akt. n. s. [inter and act, Lat.] 
Adramatick phrase, meaning the time between the 
acts of the drama, during which the representation 
is suspended. Ld. Chesterfield. 

INTERA'MNIAN* in-t£r-am'-ne-an. «. [inter and 
amnis, Lat.l Situated among rivers. Bryo.nt. 

INTERBASTA'TION*, m-ter-bas-ta'-slmn. n.s. [in- 
terbusler, Fr.] Patch-work. Smith. Ob. T. 

INTE'RCALARUn-ter'-ka-lar. )a. [intercala- 

INTE'RCALARYUn-ter-kal'-a-re. \ vis, Lat.] 
Inserted out of the common order to preserve the 
equation of time, as the twenty-ninth of February 
in a leap year is an intercalary day. Holder. 

{^ All our orthoepists agree in placing the accent on the 
second syllable of intercalar and intercalate ; and Mr. 
Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Barclay, and 
Entick, place it on the same syllable in intercalary , 
but Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, and Bailey, on the third. 
This latter pronunciation is certainly more agreeable to 
the ear ; and, as it is derived from the Latin ivtercala- 
ris, a word of the same number of syllables with the pe- 
nultimate long, it should seem we ought to place the 
accent on the same syllable in the English word, 503 ; 
but, as our language absolutely forbids us to lay the 
stress on the a in this termination, 512, 1 see no reason 
why we should not place it on the preceding syllable, 
especially as the termination is not enclitical, 5J3, and 
therefore does not require the accent on the conjunctive 
part of the word. (See Academy). The accent on the 
third syllable, therefore, as it clashes with no analogy, 
and is so much more agreeable to the ear, ought, in my 
* opinion, to be adopted. W. 

To INTERCALATE, In-teV-ka-late. v. a. To in- 
sert an extraordinary day. Johnson. 

INTERCALATION, m-teY-ka-la'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr. ; 
intercalatio, Lat.] Insertion of days out of the ordi- 
nary reckoning. Brown. 

To INTERCEDE $, in-ter-seed'. v.n. [intercede, 
Lat.] To pass between. Hale. To mediate; to 
act between two parties. Calamy. 

INTERCE'DER, fn-ter-see'-dfir. 98. n. s. One that 
intercedes ; a mediator. 

INTERCEDING*, m-tcr-se'-diiig. n.s. Intercession. 
Pearson. 

To INTERCEPT §, m-tSr-sept'. v. a. [intercepts, 
Lat.] To stop and seize in the way. Spenser. To 
obstruct; to cut off ; to stop from being communi- 
cated. Shakspeare. 

INTERCE PTER*, fn-ter-sept'-fir. n. s. One who 
stands in the way ; an opponent. Shakspeare. 

INTERCETTION, in-ter-sep'-shan. «**• [intercep- 
tio, Lat.] Stoppage in course ; hinderauoe ; ob- 
struction. Wotion. 

INTERCESSION Un-ter-sgsh'-fin. n.s. [Fr.; in 
tercessio, Lat.] Mediation ; interposition ; agency 
between two parties; agency in the cause of an- 
other. Isa. liii. 

To INTERCE'SSIONATE*, in-ter-sesh'-un-ate. 
?\ n. To entreat. Nash. Ob. T. 

INTERCESSORY*, in-ter-seV-sflr-e. a. Interced- 
ing. Barbery. 

INTERCE'SSOURjln-ter-seV-sftr. n.s. [intercessor, 
Lat.] Mediator ; agent between two parties to pro- 
cure reconciliation. Milton. 

To INTERCHA'IN, ?n-te>tshane'. v. a. To chain ; 
to link together. Shakspeare. 

To INTERCHANGE s\ m-ter-tshanje'. v. a. [inter 
and change.] To put each in the place of the other • 
to give and take mutually. Sianey. To succeed 
alternately. Sidney. 

INTERCHANGE, In'-ter-tshanje. 493. n.s. Com- 
merce; permutation of commodities. Howell. Al- 
ternate succession. Milton. Mutual donation and 
reception. Shakspeare. 

INTERCHANGEABLE, in-tgr-tshin'-ja-bl. 405. a. 
520 



INT 



INT 



-116, mflve, ndv, att ; — tube, tab, bull ;— -oil ;— pound 3— th'm. mis. 



Given and taken mutually. Bacon. Following 
each other in alternate sum-ssion. Holder 
.flTERCHAOVGEABLENESS* b-tSr-tshan'-ja 

bl-n£s. n. s. Exchange. Huskisson. Alternate sue 
cession. Fuller. 



Alternately ; in a manner whereby each gives and 



ad. 



INTERCHANGEABLY, h-ter-tshan'-ia-ble. 
Jy: 

receives. Hooker. 
INTERCHA'NGEMENT, Jn-teV-tshanje'-ment. n. s. 

Exchange ; mutual *~msference. Sliakspeare. 
INTERCI'PIENT $>-ter-slp'-e-ent. a. [intercipiens. 

Lat.] Obstructing: catching by the way. 
INTERCI'PIENT, in-ter-sip'-e-ent. n. s. An inter. 

eepting power ; something that causes a stoppage. 

Wiseman. 



-on. 



[inlercisio, 



LNTERCI'SION, to-leV-s?zh 
Lat.l Interruption. Brown. 
To INTERCLU'DE f.h-ter-klade'. v. a. [inlercludo, 
Lat.] To shut from a place or course by something 
intervening ; to intercept. Holder. 
INTERCLU'SION, in-ter-klu'-zh&n. n. s. Obstruc- 
tion ; interception. Cockeram. 
INTERCOLUMNIA'TION, in-tSr-k6-Ium-ne-a'- 
shfin. n. s. [i/tler and columna, Lat.] The space 
between the pillars. Walton. 
To INTERCO'ME*, m-tgr-kfim'. v. n. {inter and 
come.] To interpose; to interfere. Proceedings 
against Garnet. 
roTNtERCCKMMON, fn-ter-k&m'-mun. v. n. [inter 
and common.] To feed at the same table. Bacon. 
To use commons promiscuously. Blount. 
INTERCOMMUNITY, m-ter-kom-miV-ne-te. n. s. 
A mutual communication or community. Bp. Percy. 
A mutual freedom or exercise of religion. Warb. 
LNTERCO'STAL, in-teV-kds'-tal. a. [Fr. j inter and 

costa, Lat.] Placed between the ribs. Boyle. 
INTERCOURSE, ?n'-ter-k6rse. n. s. [entrecours, 
Fr.] Commerce ; exchange. Milton. Communica- 
tion. Bacon. 
To LNTERCU'R§*, m-uVkur'. v. n. [intercurro, 
Lat.] To intervene 3 to come in the mean time ; to 
happen. Shelf on. 
INTERCU'RRENCE, in-ier-kur'-rense. n. s. Pas- 
sage between. Boyle. Intervention ; occurrence. 
Broicn. 
INTERCURRENT, m-tgr-kur'-rent. a. [intercur- 
rens. Lat.] Running between. Boyle. Occurring; 
intervening. Barrow. 
INTERCUTA'NEOUS*. in-ter-ku-ta'-ne-Gs. a. [in- 

tercutaneus, low Lat.] Within the skin. Evelyn. 
INTERNAL, in-ter-dele'. n. s. [inter and deal.] 

Traffiok ; intercourse. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To INTERDFCT §, In-t6r-dlkt'. v. a. [interdict, Fr. ; 
iWerdico, Lat.] To forbid ; to prohibit. Siapleton. 
To prohibit from the enjoyment of communion with 
the church. Ayliff'e. 
INTERDICT, ir?-ter-d?kt. 493. n. s. Prohibition ; 
prohibiting decree. Bacon. A papal prohibition to 
the clergy to celebrate the holy offices. Wotton. 
INTERDICTION, m-ter-dfk'-shun. n.s. Prohibi- 
tion ; forbidding decree. Milton. Curse : from the 
papal interdict. Shakspeare. 
INTERDI'CTIVE*, m-ter-dik'-t?v. a. Having power 

to prohibit. Milton. 
INTERDICTORY, m-t§r-dik'-tur-e. 512. [For the 
0, see Domestick.] a. Belonging to an interdic- 
tion. AinswoHh. 
INTERESS*, m'-ter-es. n. s. [interesse, ItalJ Inter- 
est , concern ; right or title to. Spenser. Ob. T. 
7'oINTERE'SSjn-ter-es'. v. a. [interesser, Fr.] To 

concern ; to affect; to give share in. Hooker. 
To I NTERESTUn'-ter-est. v. a. [interest, Lat.] 
To concern ; to affect ; to exert ; to give share in. 
Dry den. 
To INTEREST, ?n'-ter-est. v. n. To affect ; to 
move ; to touch with passion ; to gain the affec- 
tions. 
I'NTEREST, m'-ter-est. n. s. Concern ; advantage ; 

food. Hammond. Influence over others. Claren- 
on. Share; participation. Watts. Regard to 
private profit. Swift. Money paid for use ; usury. 
Shak. Any surplus of advantage. Shak. 
66 



To INTERFERE §, in-ter-ferc'. v. n. [inter mdfe- 
rio, Lat.] To interpose ; to intermeddle. Swift 
To clash; to oppose each other. Snudridge. A 
horse is said to interfere, when the side of one of his 
shoes slrikes against and hurts one of his fetlocks. 
Farrier's Diet. 

INTERFERENCE*, Jn-ter-fe'-rense. n. s. Interpo- 
sition. Burke. 

#£r There is a perfectly new pronunciation of this word, 
by placing the accent on the second syllable, which, 
from its singularity, bids fair for a reception among the 
minor criticks in pronunciation, especially when there 
are, at first sight, a few plausible analogies in its favour. 
Why, these criticks will say, should we not pronounce 
this word with the accent on the antepenultimate sylla- 
ble, as well as conference, deference, preference, infer- 
ence, and circumference, which, it is evident, are not 
formed from our verbs to confer, defer, &c.,but from the 
Latin conferens, deferens, &c. ? It may be answered, 
that, as there is no Latin verb interfero, there is not the 
same reason for accenting this word on the antepenul- 
timate syllable, as there is for the other words : and 
therefore forming interference from our own verb to in- 
terfere, seems preferable to the forrr : ng of a mongrel 
Latin word, merely to avoid a formative of our own ; 
especially when .we have so many words, in a similar 
termination, deriving their accent from the verb ; a3 
defiance, from defy ; reliance, from rely : assurance, 
from assu?e, &c, and even in this termination condo- 
lence, from condole ; and why not interference, from 
interfere ? Entick's is the only dictionary in which I 
have found this very common and useful word . but, as 
Dr. Johnson has not got it, this omission in other dic- 
tionaries is easily accounted for. W. 



LNTF 



. Clashing ; 

a. [interjlu- 
[inter and 
[interfusus, 



INTERFERING*, in-ter-fe'-ring. n. s 
contradiction ; opposition. Bp. Butler. 

INTERFLUENT, m-ter'-fli-ent. 518. 
ens, Lat.] Flowing between. Boyle. 

INTERFtJ'LGENT, in-ter-ful'-jeiU. a. 
ens, Lat.] Shining between. 
RFU'SED, in-ter-fuzd'. 359. a. 
Lat] Poured or scattered between. Milton. 

I'NTERIM, rn'-t£r-?m. 554. n. s. [interim, Lat.] 
Mean time ; intervening time. Shakspeare. 

INTE'RIOUR^m-te'-re-ur.a. [interior, Lat.] Inter- 
nal; inner; not outward; not superficial. Shalc- 
speai-e. 

INTE'RIOUR* in-te'-re-fir. n.s. That which is with- 
in ; the inner part. Shakspeare. 

INTE'RIOURLY*. m-te'-re-ur-le. ad. Internally ; 
inwardly. Donne. 

LNTERJA'CENCY§, m-ter-ja'-sen-se. n.s. [interja- 
cent, Lat.] The act or state of lying between. Hale. 
The thing Iving- between. Brown. 

INTERJACENT, m-ter-ja'-sent. a. Intervening ; 
lying between. Raleigh. 

ToINTERJE'CTj*. In-ter-jekt'. v. a. [interjectus, 
Lat.] To put between ; to throw in ; to insert. 
Wotton. 

To INTERJECT*, in-ter-jekt'. v. n. To come be- 
tween ; to interpose. Sir G. Buck. 

INTERJECTION, m-ter-j§k'-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; inier- 
jectio, Lat.] A part of speech that discovers the 
mind to be seized or affected with some passion : 
such as are in English, O ! alas ! ah ! Clarke. In- 
tervention ; interposition; act of something coming 
between. Bacon. 

To INTERJOTN, m-ter-jSln'. v. a. [inter and join.] 
To join mutually ; to intermarry. Shakspeare. 

LNTERKNO'WLEDGE, in-ter-nol'-ledje. n.s. [in- 
ter and knowledge.] Mutual knowledge. Bacon. 

To INTERLACE, In-ter-lase'. v. a. [entrelasser, 
Fr.] To intermix ; to put one thing within another. 
Hooker. 

LNTERLA'PSE, in-ter-lapse'. n. s. [inter and lapse.] 
The flow of time between any two events. Harvey. 

To INTERLARD, m-ter-lard'. v. a. [entrelarder, 
Fr.] To mix meat with bacon, or fat. To inter- 
pose ; to insert between. Carew. To diversify by 
mixture. Hale. 

To INTERLEAVE, m-t§r-leve'. v. a. [inter and 
leave.] To chequer a book by the insertion of blank 
leaves. 

To INTERLFNE §, fn-ter-llne'. v. a. [inter and line.] 
521 



TNT 



INT 



ICT 559.— File, far, fitll, fat ;— me, met ;— phie, pin ;— 



To write in alternate lines. Marlowe. To correct 
by something written between the lines. Ayliffe. 

INTERLINEAR*, fn-ter- hV-e-ar. ) a. [interim- 

INTERLINEARY*, fn-ter-hV-e-ar-e. \ earis, Lat.] 
Inserted between the lines of the original composi- 
tion; having insertions between lines. Bp. Hall. 

INTERLINEARY*, in-ter-hV-e-ar-e. n. s. A book 
having insertions between the lines of it. Milton. 

INTERLINEA'TIONjn-ter-lln-e-a'-shan.Ti, s. Cor- 
rection made by writing between the lines. Swift. 

INTERLINING* In-ter-ll'-nlng. n. s. Correction, 
alteration, or explanation, made by writing between 
the lines. Burnet. 

To INTERLINK, in-ter-llngk'. v. a. [inter and link.] 
To connect chains one to another; to join one in 
another. Dry den. 

INTERLOCUTION*, In-t'er-li-ka'-shan. n. s. [in- 
ter and locatio, Lat.] An interplacing ; an interpo- 
sition. Cotgrave. 

INTERLOCUTIONS, in-tgr-l6-ku'-shan. n.s. [Fr. ; 
interlocutio, Lat.] Dialogue ; interchange of speech. 
Hooker. Preparatory proceeding in law ; an in- 
termediate act before final decision. Ayliffe. 

INTERLOCUTOR, in-ter-lok'-ko-tur. 518. n. s. 
[inter and loquor, Lat.] Diaiogist; one that talks 
with another. Haringion. 

g*T So great is the tendency of our language to the en- 
clitical accent, that this word, though perfectly Latin, 
and having the penultimate u long, has not been able 
to preserve the accent on that syllable. Mr. Nares ie 
the only orthoepist who places the accent on u ; Mr. 
Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Perry, Mr. Barclay, and Entick, accent the antepe- 
nultimate syllable. I prefer Mr. Nares's accentuation. 
See Prolocutor. W. 

INTERLOCUTORY, m-ter-l&k'-ku-t&r-e. 512. [For 
the last o, see Domestick.] a. Consisting of dia- 
logue. Hooker. Preparatory to decision. Black- 
stone. 

TolNTERLOTE^, in-ter-tope'. v.n. [inter, and 
loopen, Dutch.] To run between parlies, and inter- 
cept the advantage that one should gain from the 
other ; to traffick without a proper license. Toiler. 

INTERLOTER, ln-ter-l6'- P ar. 98. n. s. One who 
runs into business to which he has no right. Bp. 

To INTEPXU'CATE^m-ter-kV-kate. v. a. [in- 
ierluco, Lat.] To cut away boughs, where they ob- 
struct light ; to thin the branches of a wood. Cocke- 
ram. Ob. T. 

INTERLUCA'TION*, m-ler-la-ka'-shfin. n. s. 
Thinning of a wood, or letting in light between, by 
cutting awav boughs. Evelyn. 

INTERLU'CENT, ?n-ter-hV-sent. a. [interlucens, 
Lat.] Shining between. Diet. 

INTERLUDE §, m'-ler-lude. n.s. {inter and Indus, 
Lat.] Something played at the intervals of festiv- 
ity ; a farce. Bacon. 

INTERLUDER*. fn-ter-lu'-dfir. n. s. A performer 
in an interlude. B. Jonson. Ob. T 

INTERLU'ENCY, m-ler-kV-en-se. n. s. [interim, 
Lat.] Water interposited ; interposition of a flood. 
Hale. 

INTERLU'NAR, in-ler-kV-nar. ) a. [inter and 

INTERLU'NARY, in-uVlu'-nar-e. \ luna, Lat.] 
Belonging to the time Avhen the moon, about to 
change, is invisible. Brown. 

INTERMARRIAGE §, m-tcr-mar'-ridje. 90, 274. 
n.s. Marriage between two families, where each 
takes one and gives another. Addison. 
To INTERMARRY, m-tej-mar'-re. v. n. To mar- 
ry some of each family with the other. Sicift. 

INTERMEAN*. in'-ter-meen. n.s. [inter and mean.] 

Something done in the mean time ; interact. Ob. T 

roINTERME'DULE§ f 1n-t*r-mSd'-dl. v.n. [inter 

nnd meddle..] To interpose officiously. Bacon. 
To INTERMEDDLE, In-ter-med'-dl. v. a. To in- 
termix •, to mingle. Spenser. 

INTERMEDDLER, in-ter-mikl'-dl-fir. n. s. One 
that interposes officiously ; one that thrusts himself 
into business to which he has no right. Swift. 
[NTERMEDIACY, Sn-tei-me'-de-a-se. or in-ter- 



me'-je-a-se. 293. n. s. [from intermediate.'] Interpo- 
sition; intervention. Derliam. An unauthorized 
word. 

INTERMEDIAL, In-ter-me'-de-al, or in-ter-me'- 
je-al. 294. a. [inter and medius, Lat] Intervening ; 
lying between ; intervenient. Bp. Taylor. 

INTERMEDIATES, lu-ter-me'-de-ate. [See Im- 
mediate.] a. [intermedial, Fr. ; inter and medius, 
Lat.] Intervening; interposed. Newton. 

To INTERMEDIATE*, m-teT-me'-de-aie. v. n. 
To intervene; to interpose. Sir H. Sheere. 

INTERMEDIATELY; In-ter-me'-de-ate-le. 376. 
[See Immediate.] ad. By way of intervention. 

To INTERME'LL*. in-ter-mel'. v. n. [entremeskr, 
Fr.] To intermeddle. Marston. Ob. T. 

To INTERME'LL, m-tgr-mel'. v. a. To mix; to 
mingle. Bp. Fisher. Ob. J. 

INTERMENT, In-leV-menl. n.s. [Fr.] Burial; 
sepulture. Weever. 

To INTERME'NTION*, m-t&-mey-shun. v. a. To 
mention among other things; to include; to com- 
prehend. Har bottle Grimstone. 

INTERMIGRA'TION, m-ter-me-gra'-shSn. n. s. 
[Fr. ; i?iter and migro, Lat.] Act of removing from 
one place to another, so as that, of two parties re- 
moving, each takes the place of the other. Hale. 

INTERMINABLE §, iin-teV-me-na-bl. a. [Fr. ; in 
and temiino, Lat.] Immense ; admitting no boun- 
dary. Chaucer. 

INTERMINABLE*, in-tgr'-me-na-bl. n. s. He, 
whom no bound or limit can confine : an appella- 
tion of the Godhead. Milton. 

INTERMINATE, In-teV-me-nate. 91. a. Unbound- 
ed ; unlimited. Chapman. 

To INTERMINATE §*, ?n-teV-me-nate. v. a. Un- 
termino, Lat.] To threaten; to menace. Bp. 
Hall. 

INTERMINA'TION, In-ter-me-na'-shfin. n. s. Men- 
ace ; threat. Bp. Taylor. 

To INTERMINGLED m-ter-mtng'-gl. v. a. To 
mingle ; to mix ; to put some things amongst others. 
Hooker. 

To INTERMINGLE, in-tSr-mmg'-gl. v.n. To be 
mixed or incorporated. Sluxkspeare. 

INTERMISSION, m-ter-mfsh'-tin. n.s. [Fr.; in- 
termissio, Lat.] Cessation for a time; pause; in- 
termediate slop. Shak. Intervenient time. Shak. 
State of being intermitted. B. Jonson. The space 
between the paroxysms of a fever, or any fits of 
pain ; rest. Milton. 

INTERMISS1VE, in-ler-mfs'-slv. 158. a. Coming 
by fits ; not continual. Howell. 

To INTERMIT §, ?n-ter-nuV. v. a. [intennilto, Lat.] 
To forbear any thing for a time; to interrupt. 
Hooker. 

To INTERMIT, fn-ter-mit 7 . v.n. To grow mild be- 
tween the fits or paroxysms. Young. To cease for 
a time ; to be interrupted. Donne. 

INTERMITTENT, in-tgr-imV-lent. a. Coming by 
fits. Harvey. 

INTERMlTTINGLY*, m-ter-imV-ting-le. ad. At 
intervals ; not long together. W. Mountague. 

To INTERMIX §, ni-ler-imW. v. a. [W, and 
mix,] To mingle; to join; to put some things 
among others. Hay ward. 

To INTERMIX, in-tgr-mlks 7 . v. n. To be mingled 
together. 

INTERMIXTURE, fn-ter-miks'-tshure. 461. n. s 
Mass formed by mingling bodies. Boyle. Some- 
thing additional mingled in a mass. Bacon. 

INTERMU'NDANE, in-ter-mun'-dane. a. [inter and 
mundus. Lat.] Subsisting between worlds, or be- 
tween orb and orb. Locke. 

INTERMURAL, in-ter-miV-ral. a. [inter and mu- 
7iis, Lat.] Lying between walls. Ainsworlh. 

INTERMU 7 TUAL, In-ter-mu'-tshu-al. a. Mutual; 
interchanged. Daniel. 

INTERN, fn-tern'. a. [interne, Fr.] Inward ; intes- 
tine ; not foreign. Howell. 

INTERNALS, fn-uV-nal. a. [intemus, Lat.] In- 
ward; not external. Milton. Iiilrinsick ; not de- 
pending on external accidents; real. Rogers. 
522 ' 



INT 



INT 



-n6, move, n6r, nit ;— tiibe, tab, bfill ;— 61l ;— pound ;— (Inn, THis. 



INTERNALLY, In-teV-nal-e. ad. lnwardlv. Men- 
tally; intellectually. Bp. Taylor. 

INTERNECINE, in-ter-ne'-slhe. a. [internecinus, 
Lat.l Endeavouring mutual destruction. Hudibras. 

INTERNE CION.m-ter-ne'-shon. n. s. [wtenurio, 
Lat.] Mutual destruction j massacre; slaughter. 
Hale. 

INTERNE'CTION* m-ter-nek'-shou. n. s. [inter- 
necto, Lat.] Connexion. W. Mountague. Ob. T. 

INTERNUNCIO, in-ter-n&u'-she-d. n. s. [intermm- 
cius, Lat.] Messenger between two parties. Mil- 
ton. 

To INTERPEAL*, ln-ler-peel'. v. a. [interpello, 
Lat.] To interrupt a person speaking or doing any 
thing. More. 

To INTERPEI $* in-ter-pel'. v. a. [interpello, Lat.] 
To interrupt. B. Jon-son. 

INTERPELLATION, in-ter-pel-la^shiin. n.s. An 
interruption. More. An earnest address; inter- 
cession. Bp. Taylor. A summons; a call upon. 
Ayliffe. 

To LnTERPLE'DGE*, ln-ter-plgdjV. v. a. To give 
and take as a mutual pledge. Davenant. 

To INTERPOTNT*, fri-ter-point'. v. a. To distin- 
guish by stops between words and sentences. 
Daniel. 

To INTERPOLATE $,m-ter'-p6-late. 91. v. a. [in- 
terpolo, Lat.] To foist anv thing into a place to 
which it does not belong. Bp. Barlow. To renew; 
to begin again. Hale. 

INTERPOLATION, m-ter-pc-la'-shun. n. s. Some- 
thing added or put into the original matter. Han- 
mer. 

INTERPOLATOR Jn-ter'-pi-la-tor. 521. n.s. One 
that foists in counterfeit passages. Warton. 

To INTERPO'IISH*, Mr-pdl'-Ish. v. a. To pol- 
ish between. Milton. 

INTERPO'SAL, Jn-tgr-po'-zal. n.s. Interposition; 
agency between two persons. South. Intervention. 
Glanvilk. 

To INTERPO SE §, m-ter-pc-ze'. v. a. [interpono, 
Lat. ; inteiyoser, Fr.] To place between; to make 
intervenient. Bacon. To thrust in as an obstruc- 
tion, interruption, or inconvenience. Shak. To of- 
fer as a succour or relief. Woodward. 

To INTERPO'SE, ln-ter-poze'. v.n. To mediate; 
:o act between two parties. To put in by way of 
interruption. Boyle. 

I NTERPOSE* lii-ter-pize 7 . n. s. Interposal. Spen- 
ser. Ob. T. 

LNTERPOSER, m-teV-po'-zur. 98. n.s. One that 
comes between others. Sliak. An intervenient 
agent; a mediator. 

INTERPOSITION, m-ter-p6-zish'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; 
ir'erpositio, Lat.] Intervenient agency. Atlerbury. 
Mediation; agency between parties. Addison. In- 
tervention ; state of being placed between two. 
Any thing interposed. Milton. 

INTERPO SURE* m-ler-pc-'-zhure. n. s. The act 
of interposing. Glanville. 

To INTERPRET §. in-teV-pret. v. a. [inierpretor, 
Lat.] To explain ; to translate ; to decipher ; to 
give a solution to ; to clear by exposition ; to ex- 
pound. Dan. v. 

INTE'RPRETABLE, in-teV-pre-ta-bl. a. Capable 
of being expounded or deciphered. Collier. 

INTERPRETATION, in-ter-pre-ta'-shun. n. s. 
[Fr. ; interpretatio, Lat.] The act of interpreting ; 
explanation. Sliak. The sense given by an inter- 
preter ; exposition. Hooker. The power of ex- 
plaining-. Bacon. 

INTERPRET ATP7E, in-teV-pre-ta-tlv. 512. a. 
Collected by interpretation. Hammond. Contain- 
ing explanation ; expositive. Barrow. 

INTERPRET ATIVEIY, in-teV-pre-ta-tiv-le. 512. 
ad. As mav be collected by interpretation. Ray. 

INTERPRETER, m-ter'-pre-tur. n.s. [interpres, 
Lat.] An explainer; an expositor; an expounder. 
Burnet. A translator. Sherburne. 

INTERPUNCTION, fo-ter-pangk'-shan. n.s. [in- 
terpungo, Lat.] Pointing between words or sen- 
tences. Dr. Jackson. 



INTERREGNUM, fn-ter-reg'-nfim. n. s. [Lat.] 
The time in which a throne is vacant between 
the death of a prince and accession of another. 
Cmcleij. 

INTERltE'IGN, In-ter-rane'. n. s. [interregne, Fr.] 
Vacancy of the throne. Bacon. 

lNTK RllER*,Jn-ter / -ar.». s. [from inter.] Aburier. 
Cotgrave. 

7 o INTERROGATE §, fn-ter'-ro-gate. v. a. [in- 
terrogo, Lat.] To examine ; to question. Knatch- 
bu/l. 

To INTERROGATE, in-teV-r6-gate. v. n. To ask; 
to put questions. Bacon. 

INTERROGATE*, fn-teV-ro-gate. n.s. Question 
put; inquiry. Bp. Hall. 

INTERROGATION, ?n-ter-r6-ga'-shun. n.s. The 
act of questioning. A question put; an inquiry. 
Gov. of tlie Tongue. A note that marks a ques- 
tion, thus [?] as, • ' Does Job serve God for nought 1" 

INTERROGATIVE, m-ter-rog'-ga-tlv. a. [inter- 
rogativus, Lat.] Denoting a question ; expressed in 
questionarv form of words. Hooker. 

INTERROGATIVE, m-ter-rog'-ga-tlv. 512. n. s. 
A pronoun used in asking questions : as, who ? 
what 1 which ? whether ? 

LNTERRO'GATP/ELY, m-ter-r6g'-ga-t?v-le. ad. 
In form of a question. Bp. Bedell. 

INTERROGATOR, In-ter -r6-ga-tur. 521. n.s. An 
asker of questions. KnatchbuU. 

INTERROGATORY, in-ter-rog'-ga-lur-e. 512. 
[For the last o, see Domestick.] n. s. [interroga- 
toire. Fr.] A question; an inquiry. Sidney. 

INTERRO'GATORY, m-ter-rog'-ga-lur-e". 557. a. 
Containing a question ; expressing a question. 

To INTERRUPT §, fn-ter-rfipt'. v. a. [iferruptus, 
lat.] To hinder the process of any thing Dy break- 
ing in upon it. Shak. To hinder one from pro- 
ceeding by interposition. Ecclus. xl. To divide ; 
to separate. 

INTERRU'PT, In-teWipt'. a. [interrupte, old Fr.] 
Containing a chasm. Milton. Broken ; irregular. 
Burton. 

rXTERRU'PTEDLYJn-ter-rV-ted-16. ad- Not in 
continuity; not without stoppages. Boyle. 

INTERRUPTER, In-ter-rupt'-ur. 98. n. s. He who 
inteiTupts. South. 

INTERRUPTION, In-ter-rup'-sbun. n. s. [interrup- 
tio, lat.] Interposition ; breach of continuity. 
Hale. Intervention; interposition. Dryden. Hin- 
derance ; stop ; let ; obstruction. Sliak. Intermis- 
sion. Locke. 

INTERSCAPULAR, in-ter-skap'-pu-lar. a< [ inter 
and scapiilu., LatJ Placed between the shoulders. 
To LNTERSCI ND, in-ter-slnd^r. a. [inter and scin- 
do, Lat.] To cut off bv interruption. Diet. 

To INTERSCRI'BE, ni-ter-skribe'. v. a. [inter and 
scribo. Lat.] To write between. Diet. 

INTERSECANT, In-ter-se'-kant. a. [intersecans, 
lat.J Dividing anv thing into parts. 

To INTERSE'CT^m-ter-sekt'. v. a. [interseco, 
Lat.] To cut ; to divide each other mutually. 
Brown. 

To INTERSECT, ?n-ter-sekt'. v. n. To meet and 
cross each other. Wiseman. 

INTERSECTION, in-ter-sek'-shfin. n. s. [intersec- 
tio, Lat.] Point where lines cross each other. Wot- 
ton. 

To INTERSE'RTS, Jn-ter-sert'. v. a. [intersero, 
Iat.1 To put in between other things. Brerewood. 

INTERSECTION, in-ter-ser'-sh&n. n. s. An inser- 
tion, or thing inserted between any thing. Ham- 



To INTERSPE'RSE §, in-ter-spense'. *. a. [inter- 
spersus, lat.] To scatter here and there among 
other things. Locke. 

INTERSPERSION, In-ter-sper'-shun. n. s. The 
act of scattering here and there. Watts. 

INTERSTEILAR. In-ter-stelMar. a. [inter and 
Stella, Lat.] Intervening between the stars. Ba- 
con. 

INTERSTICE $, to'-ter-stls, or to-ter'-stls. [in'-ter- 
site, Jones.'] n. s. [inter stiiium, Lat.] Space between 



INT 



INT 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin : 



one thing and another. Newton. Time between 
one act and another. Aijlijj'e. 

05* Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Buchanan, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Barclay, place the ac- 
cent on the second syllable of this word ; and Dr. John- 
son, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, Bailey, and Entick, on the first. 
I do not hesitate a mompnt to pronounce this the better 
accentuation : for, as this word must be derived from 
the noun interstitium, and not from the verb intcrsto, 
the rule so often mentioned, of changing the secondary 
accent of the Latin word, when shortened into the prin- 
cipal accent of ths English word, must take place here. 
— See Academy and Incomparable. 

It is not easy to conjecture what could be the reason that 
this majority of orthoepists should be found on the side 
of the penultimate accentuation of this word. It is 
certain that the greater part do but copy from former 
dictionaries ; but when an uncouth and uncommon pro- 
nunciation is adopted, it is generally for some learned 
reason from the dead languages, which the common in- 
spector is utterly incapable of conceiving. In the pres- 
ent instance, however, there is not the shadow of a 
reason, from the original Latin, that we should place 
the accent on the second syllable of interstice, which 
would not oblige us to lay the stress on the same syllable 
of interfere, intervene, intercourse, interval, superfluz, 
&c. W. 

INTERSTINCTIVE*, m-ter-sdngk'-tlv. a. [inter- 
stinctus, Lat.] Distinguishing. Wallis. 

INTERSTITIAL, In-ter-stSsh'-al. a. Containing in- 
terstices. Brown. 

To INTERTASK*, in-ter-tawk'. v. n. [inter and 
talk.] To exchange conversation. Carew. 

To INTERT ANGLE*, hi-ter-tang'-gl. v. a. [inter, 
and tangle.] To knit together ; to intertwist. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

INTERTE'XTURE, Jn-ter-tels'-tshure. n. s. [inter- 
texo, Lrit.] Diversification of things mingled or 
woven one among another. More. 

To INTERTWINE, in-ter-twlne'. ) v. a. [inter and 

To INTERTWIST, m-ter-twfst'. $ twine, ovtwist] 
To unite by twisting one in another. Carew. 

INTERVAL, hi'-ter-val. n. s. [intervallum, Lat.] 
Space between places ; interstice ; vacuity ; space 
unoccupied ; void place ; vacancy ; vacant space. 
Newton. Time passing between two assignable 
points. Swift. Remission of a delirium or distem- 
per. Atterbumj. 

$5= Dr. Kenrick, of all our orthoepists, is the only one 
who accents this word on the second syllable. W. 

INTERVENED*, m-ter-van'd'. part. a. Intersected 
as with veins. Milton. 

To INTERVENE §, fn-ter-vene'. v. n. [intervenio, 
Lat.] To come between things or persons. Wot- 
ton. To make intervals. Milton-. To cross unex- 
pectedly. Bp. Tqyhr. 

INTERVENE, In-ter-vene'.n. 5. Opposition, or per- 
haps interview. Wotton. Ob. J. 

INTERVENIENT, in-ter-ve'-ne-ent. a. [interve- 
niens, Lat.] Intercedent; interposed; passing be- 
tween. Bacon. 

INTERVENTION, in-tgr-ven'-shfin. «. s. [Fr.; in- 
terventio, Lat.] Agency between persons. Temple. 
Agency between antecedents and consecutives. 
UEstrange. Interposition;, the state of being in- 
terposed. Holder. 

INTERVE'NUE-^in-ter-ven'-u. n.s. [intervenu, Fr.] 
Interposition; state of being placed between. 
Blount. 

To INTERVE'RT, ?n-ter-vert/. v. a. [intewerto, 
Lat.] To turn to another Course. Wotton. To turn 
to another use. 

INTERVIEW, m'-ter-vu. n. s. [enlrevue, Fr,] Mu- 
tual sight ; sight of each other. It is commonly 
used for a formal, appointed, or important meeting 
or conference. Hooker. 

To 1NTERVO LVE, in-ter-v&lv'. v. a. [intervolvo, 
Lat.] To involve one within another. Milton. 

To INTERWE'AVES, In-ter-weve'. v. a. preter. 
interwove, part. pass, interwoven, interwove, or in- 
terweaved. [inter and weave.] To mix one with an- 
other in a regular texture ; to intermingle. Milton. 

INTER WEAVING*, fn-ter-we'-vlng. n.s. Inter- 
texture. Milton. 



To INTERWFSH, m-ter-w?sh'. v. a. To- wish mu- 
tually to each other. Donne. 
INTERWO'RKING*, in-ter-wfirk'-mg. n.s. Act 

of working together. Milton. Ob. T. 
INTERWRE'ATHED*, m-ter-reeTH'd'. part. a. 

Woven in a wreath. Lovelace. 
INTERTABLE §, in-tes'-ta-bl. a. [intestabilis, Lat.] 
Disqualified to make a will. Atjliffe. 

INTESTACY*, hi-tes'-ta-se. n. s. Want of a will. 

INTE'STATE, fri-tes'-tate. 91. a. [intestalus, Lat.] 
Wanting a will ; dying without a will. Sliakspeare. 

INTESTINAL, fn-teV-te-nal. 88. a. [intestinal, Fr.- 
from intestine.] Belonging to the guts. Arbulhnot. 

$5= This word is sometimes pronounced with the accent 
on the third syllable, with the i long, because the i in 
the Latin intestinum is long ; but Dr. Johnson makes 
it more properly a formative of our own {torn intestine ; 
and even if we were to allow thi. 1 ) adjective to be de- 
rived immediately from the Latin substantive of the 
same number of syllables, we may see, in Principles 
No. 503, (A,) how many exceptions there are to this rule, 
and how probable it is that this word is one. W. 

INTE'STINE §, fn-tes'-tln. 140. a. [intestinus, Lat.j 
Internal; inward; not external. Duppa. Contain- 
ed in the body. Milton. Domestick ; not foreign. 
Sliakspeare. 

INTESTINE, in-tes'-tln. n.s. [intestinum, Lat.] The 
gut ; the bowel : most commonly without a singu- 
lar. Arbuihnot. 

To INTHFRST*, m-tfiurst'. v. a. To make thirsty 
Bp. Hall. 

To INTHRA'L§, in-thrhvY. 406. v. a. [in and 
thrall.] To enslave ; to shackle ; to reduce to ser- 
vitude. Sliakspeare. 

INTHRA'LMENT,m-tfirawl'-ment. n.s. Servitude; 
slavery. Milton. 

To lNTHRONE§, h-thrbne'. v. a. To raise to roy- 
alty; to seat on a throne, lliomson. 

ToINTHRONIZE^ln-i/iro'-nlze. 159. v. a. [in- 
thronizer, Fr.] To inthrcne. Bullokar. 

INTHRONIZA/TION*, in-tfiro-ne-za'-shun. n. s. 
State of being inthroned. Weever. 

To INTFCE*. See To Entice. 

INTIMACY, In'-te-ma-se. n.s. Close familiarity. 
Rogers. 

INTIMATES, m'-te-mat. 91. a. [intimus, Lat.] In- 
most ; inward ; intestine. Milton. Near ; not kept 
at distance. South. Familiar; closely acquainted. 
Roscommon. 

INTIMATE, m'-te-mat. n. s. A familiar friend; one 
who is trusted with our thoughts. Government of the 
Tongue. 

To INTIMATE*, m'-te-mate. 91. v. a. To partake 
of mutually ; to share together as friends. Spenser. 
Ob. T. 

To INTIMATE, in'-te-mate. v. a. [intimer, Fr.] To 
hint ; to point out indirectly, or not very plainly. 
Boyle. 

INTIMATELY, in'-te-mate-le. ad. Closely; with 
intermixture of parts. Arbulhnot. Nearly; insepar 
ably. Addison. Familiarly; with close friendship. 

INTIMATION, m-te-ma'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Hint; 
obscure or indirect declaration or direction. South. 

INTIME, in'-tlme. a. Inward; being within the 
mass; internal. Digby. Ob. J. 

To INTI'MIDATEMn-tfm'-e-date. «•«• [intimiaer 
Fr.] To make fearful ; to dastardize ; to make cow- 
ardly. Young. 

INTIMIDATION*, in-tim-e-da'-shun. n- s. Act of 
ntimidating. 

INTFRE^ln-tlre'. a. [entier,Fr.] Whole; undi- 
minished; unbroken. See Entire. Hooker. 

INTFRENESS, fn-tlre'-nes. n.s. Wholeness,; integ- 
rity. Donne. 

To INTI'TLE*. See To Entitle. 

INTO, in'-td. prep, [into, Sax.; in and to.] Noting 
entrance, with regard to place. Woodward. Ncting 
entrance of one thing into another. Wotton. Noting 
penetration beyond the outside, or some action 
which reaches beyond the superficies or open part. 
Pope. Noting inclusion, real or figurative. Bacon. 
Noting a new state to which any thing is brought 
by the agency of a cause. Boyle. 
524 



fc .» 


rT 








INT 


— nA, 


move 


nor, not ; 


-tube, iftb, bfill ;— 611 


— pdflnd 


— tftin, THis. 



INTOLERABLE*. In-tdl'-ler-a-bl. a. [hito/crahi/is, 
Lat.] Insufferable ; not lo be endured ; not to be 
borne. Bp. Taylor. Bad beyond sufferance. 
L\TO LERABLENESS, in-iol'-tfr-a-bl-nes. fifl i. 

555. w.5. Quality of a thing not to be endured. 
INTO LERABLY, in-t61'-ler-a-ble. ad. To a degree 

bevond endurance. Shakspeare. 
INTO LERANCE*, fo-tdlMer-ause. n.s. JFr.] Want 
of toleration ; want of patience and candour to bear 
the opinions of others. Lowth. 
INTOajBRANT,io-t6lMer-ant.a. [Fr.l Not endur- 
ing; not able to endure. Arbuthiot. Not favoura- 
ble to toleration. Loicth. 
INTO LERANT*, m-t6l'-ler-ant. n. s. One who is 

not favourable to toleration. Loicth. 
INTO LERATED* in-t6l'-ler-a-ted. part. a. Not 

endured; denied toleration. Lord Chesterfield. 
INTOLERATION*, In-tdl-ler-a'-sh&n. n. s. Want 

of toleration. Lord Cliesterjield. ' 
To INTO MB, in-todnV. 34/. v. a. [in and tomb.] To 

enclose in a funeral monument; to bury. Hooker. 
To INTONATE f. in-16-nate. v. a. [intono, Lat.] 
To thunder. Diet. To sing together ; to sing loud- 
lv. Harris. 
INTONATION, in-to-na'-shan. n.s. The act of 
thundering. Diet. Chant ; the act of singing to- 
gether. Mason. 
To INTO NE, in-line 7 , v. n. [from tone.] To make 

a slow, protracted noise. Pope. 
To INTO RT, In-ldrf. v. a. [iniortuo, Lat.] To 

twist ; to wreath ; to wring. Arbuthnot. 
To INTOXICATE §, in-toks'-e-kate. v. a. [in and I 
toxicum, Lat.] To inebriate; to make drunk. Ba-\ 
con. 
INTO'XICATE*. In-toks'-e-kate. pari. a. Inebriat- 
ed. More. 
INTOXICATION, in-t6ks-e-ka'-shfin. n.s. Inebria- 
tion ; ebriety ; the act of making drunk 3 the state 
of being drunk. Bacon. 
INTRACTABFLITY^m-trak-ta-bJF-e-te. n.s. Un- 

governableness. Paley. 
LNTRA CTABLE §, fn-trak'-ta-bl. a. [intractabilis, 
Lat.] Ungovernable ; violent ; stubborn ; obstinate. 
Rogers. Unmanageable ; furious. Woodward. 
INTRACTABLENESS,fn-trak'-ta-bl-nes. n.s. Ob- 

stinacv ; perverseness. 
INTRACTABLY, In-trak'-ta-ble. ad. Unmanagea- 
bly ; stubbornly. 
To INTRA'NCE*. See To Entrance. 
INTRANQUFLLITY, in-tran-kwlF-e-te. n. s. [in 
and tranquillity.] Unquietness ; want of rest. Tem- 
ple. 
INTRA 'NSIENT*, In-trdn'-shent. a. [in and tran- 
smit.] Thatpasseth not away. Killingbeck. 
INTRA NSITIVE §, In-tran'-se-fiv. a. [iniransilivus , 
Lat.] [In grammar.] A verb intransitive is that 
which signifies an action, not conceived as having 
an effect upon any object ; as. curro, I run. Clarke. 
INTRANSITIVELY*, In-tran'-se-tlv-le. ad. Ac- 
cording to the nature of aa intransitive verb. Po- 

LNTRANSMUTABLE, in-tran,-mu'-ta-bl. 405. a. 
[in and transmutable.] Unchangeable to any other 
substance. Ray. 

ToINTRAT*. See To Entrap. 

ToFNTRE'ASURE, In-trezh'-ure. v. a. To lay up 
as in a treasury. Slm.kspea.re. 

To INTRE'AT &*. See To Entreat. 

INTREATFUL*, In-treet'-fal. a. Full of entreaty. 
Spenser. 

To INTRE'NCH§, In-trensh'. w. n. [in and trencJier, 
Fr.] To invade ; to encroach ; to cut off part of 
what belongs to another. K. Charles. 

To INTRE NCH, In-trensh'. v. a. To break with 
hollows. Milton. To fortify with a trench : as, The 
allies were intrenched in their camp. Shakspeare. 

INTRE'NCHANT, In-trensh'-ant. a. Not to be di- 
vided ; not to be wounded ; indivisible. Shakspeare. 

INTRENCHMENT, k-trensh'-ment. n. s. Fortifi- 
cation with a trench. 

INTREPID*, In-trep'-ld. a. [intrepidus, Lat.] Fear- 
less ; daring; bold ; brave. Thomson. 



INTREPIDITY, m-tre-pfd^-te. n.s. [intrepiditi, 

1m] Fearlessness ; courage ; boldness. Swift. 
INTRE P1DLY, In-trep'-ld-le. ad. Fearlessly; dar- 
ingly. Pope 
FNTRICABLE*, InMre-ka-bl. a. Entangling ; en- 
snaring. Shelton. 
FNTRICACY, In'-tre-ka-se. n. s. State of being en- 
tangled ; perplexity; involution; complication of 
facts or notions. Addison. 
INTRICATE*, m'-tre-katp. Si. a. [intricatus, Lat.] 
Entangled ; perplexed 5 involved ; complicated ; ob- 
scure. Hooker. 
To FNTRICATE, m'-tre-kate. 91. v. a. To perplex ■ 

to darken. Camden. 
I NTRICATELY, Sn'-tre-kate-le. ad. With involu- 
tion of one in another; with perplexity. Wotton. 
PNTRICATENESS, In'-tre-kate-nes. n. s. Perplex- 
ity ; involution ; obscurity. Sidney. 
INTRICATION*, iu-tre-ka'-shfin. n. s. An entan- 
glement; snare; labyrinth. Cotgrave. 
INTRFGUE §, ln-treeg'. 112, 337. n. s. [intrigue, Fr.] 
A plot; a private transaction in which many par- 
ties are engaged : usually an affair of love. Flat- 
man. Intricacy; complication. Hale. The com- 
plication or perplexity of a fable or poem 3 artful in- 
volution of feigned transaction. Pope. 
To INTRFGUE, ln-treeg'. 560. v.n. [intriguer, Fr.] 
To form plots 3 to carry on private designs, com- 
monlv of love. Brand. 
To INTRFGUE*, ln-treeg'. v. a. [intrico, Lat.] To 

perplex ; to render intricate. L. Addison. 
INTRFGUER, In-treeg'-or. 98. n.s. One who bu- 
sies himself in private transactions ; one who forms 
plots; one who pursues women. Addison. 
INTRFGUINGLY, In-treeg'-lng-le. ad. With in- 
trigue ; with secret plotting. 
INTRFNSECAL §, In-trln'-se-kal. a. [intrinsecus, 
Lat.] Internal ; solid ; natural 3 not accidental ; not 
merely apparent. Bp. Hall. Intimate 3 closely fa- 
miliar. Wotton. 
INTRFNSECALLY, In-trln'-se-kal-e. ad. Internal 
ly ; naturally 5 really. Souih. Within 5 at the inside. 
Wotton. 
INTRFNSECATE, fn-trln'-se-kate. a. Perplexed 5 

entangled. ShaJcspeare. Ob. J. 
INTRPNSICK, In-trln'-slk. a. Inward 5 internal ; 
real 3 true. Hammond. Not depending on acci- 
dent ; fixed in the nature of the thing. Grew. 
To INTRODUCE §, In-tro-dose 7 . 376. v. a. [intro- 
duco, Lat.] To conduct or usher into a place, or to 
a person. Locke. To bring something into notice 
or practice. Brown. To produce; to give occa- 
sion to. Locke. To brine: into writing or discourse 
by proper preparatives. Layer's Trial. 
INTRODUCER, m-tro-du'-sur. n. s. One who con- 
ducts another to a place or person. Any one who 
brings any thing into practice or notice. Wotton. 
INTRODUCTION, In-trA-dflk'-shun. n. s. [Fr. 5 in- 
troduclio, Lat.] The act of conducting or ushering 
to any place or person 3 the state of being ushered 
or conducted. The act of bringing any new thing 
into notice or practice. Milton. The preface or 
part of a book containing previous matter. 
INTRODUCTIVE, In-tro-duk'-tlv. a. [introduciif. 
Fr.] Serving as the means to something else. South. 
INTRODUCTORY ln-tr6-dak'-tar. n.s. One who 

introduces another to a person or place. Johnson. 
INTRODUCTORY, m-tro-dak'-tor-e. 512. a. Pre- 
vious 3 serving as a means to something further. 
Boyle. 
INTROGRE'SSION, m-tro-gresh'-fin. n.s. [i>itro- 

gress-io, Lat.] Entrance 3 the act of entering. 
EVTROTT^n-troh 7 . n. s. [introite, o\d Fr.] A psalm 
which, from its being sung or said whilst the priest 
made his entrance within die rails of the altar, was 
called introitus, or introit. Wheatley. 
INTROMFSSIONjn-tri-mfsh'-un. n.s. [intromissio, 
Lat.] The act of sending in. South. Admission. 
More. [In the Scottish law.] The act of intermed- 
dling with another's effects. 
To INTROMIT*, in-tro-rmV.u.a. [intromitto, Lat.] 
To send in ; to let in ; to admit. Greenhill. To al 
525 



INU 



INV 



(D= 559.— File, far, f&H, fat ;— me, info ;— pine, p?n ;— 



low to enter; to be the medium by which any thing 
enters. Bp. Taylor. 
To INTROMI'T*, In-tro-mlt'. v. n. To intermeddle 

with the effects of another. Stuart. 
INTRORECE'PTION*, in-tro-re-sep'-shfin. n. s. 
\yntro and receptio, Lat.] The act of admitting into 
or within. Hammond. 
To INTROSPE'CTS, m-tro-spgkt'. v.a. [introspec- 

tus, Lat.] To take a view of the inside. 
INTROSPECTION, Wtro-speV-sh&n. n.s. A view 

of the inside. Hale. 
To INTROSU'ME*, In-tro-zume'. «, a . [intro and 

sumo, Lat.] To suck in. Evelyn. 
INTROSUSCE'PTION*, ?n-tr6-sus-sep'-shuii. n . s. 
{intra, Lat. and susception.] The act of taking in. 
Smith. 
INI ROVE'NIENT, in-tro-ve'-ne-gnt. a. [intro and 

venio, Lat.] Entering ; coming in. Brown. 
INTROVE'RSION $*, m-tro-veV-shun. n.s. The act 

of introverting. Bp. Berkeley. 
To INTROVE'RT*, in-tr6-vert'. v.a. [intro and 

verto, Lat.] To turn inward <. Cowper. 
To INTRUDE ^In-trdSd'. 176. v.n. [intrude, Lat.] 
To come in unwelcome by a kind of violence ; to en- 
ter without invitation or permission. Sha/c. To en- 
croach ; to force in uncalled or unpermitted. Col. ii. 
To INTRU'DE, k-tr&Sd'. v. a. To force without 
right or welcome. Pope. To force in ; to cast in. 
Greenhill. 
INTRU'DER, in-trSS'-dur. 98. n.s. One who forces 
himself into company or affairs without right or 
welcome. Shakspeare. 
INTRUSION, In-trod'-zhun. n. s. [Fr. ; intrusio, 
Lat.] The act of thrusting or forcing any thing or 
person into any place or state. Brown. Encroach- 
ment upon any person or place ; unwelcome en- 
trance. Shak. Voluntary and uncalled undertak- 
ing of any thing. Wotton. 
INTRU'SIVE*, m-tr66'-s?v. a. Intruding upon; en- 
tering without welcome. Tlwmson. 
To INTRU'ST, m-trust'. v. a. [in and trust.'] To 
treat with confidence ; to charge with any secret 
commission, or thing of value. Clarendon. 
INTUFTION, m-tu-ish'-un. n. s. Sight of any thing : 
used commonly of mental view. Immediate knowl- 
edge. Government of tlie Tongue. Knowledge 
not obtained by deduction of reason, but instanta- 
neously accompanying the ideas which are its ob- 
ject. Glanmlle. 
ENTU'ITIVE ^ fo-uV-e-uV. a. [intuitivus, low Lat.] 
Seen by the mind immediately, without the inter- 
vention of argument or testimony. Locke. Seeing, 
not barely believing. Hooker. Having the power 
of discovering truth immediately without ratiocina- 
tion. Hooker. 
INTUITIVELY, in-tiV-e-rfv-le. ad. Without deduc- 
tion of reason; by immediate perception. Hooker. 
INTUMESCENCE, fn-tu-mes'-sense. ) 510. n. s. 
INTUME'SCENCYjn-tu-meV-sen-se. \ [intumes- 

co, Lat] Swell ; tumour. Brown. 
INTUWLATED*, m-uY-mu-la-ted. a. [intumula- 

tus, Lat.] Unburied. Cockeram. 
INTURGE'SCENCE, in-t&r-ieV-sense. 510. n. s. 
[in and turgesco, Lat.] Swelling ; the act or state 
of swelling. Brown. 
I'NTUSE, k'-tuse. n.s. [intusus, Lat.] Bruise. Spens. 
To INTWTNE, m-twine'. v. a. [in and twine.] To 
twist, or wreath together. Hooker. To be inserted 
by being wreathed or twisted. Dry den. 
INUE'NDO*. See Innuendo. 
To INU'MBRATE, In-am'-brate. v. a. [inumbro, 

Lat.] To shade; to cover with shades. Diet. 
INU'NCTEDS*, k-ungk'-teU a. [inunctus, Lat.] 

Anointed. Cockeram. 
INU'NCTION, In-ftngk'-sh&n. n.s. The act of smear- 
ing or anointing. Burton. 
lNtPNOANT*, fn-fin'-dant. a. Overflowing. Shenst. 
To INU'NDATE$*, ?n-un'-date. v.a. [inundo, Lat.] 

To overflow a place with water; to overwhelm. 
INUNDATION, in-on-da'-shun. n. s. The overflow 
of waters ; flood; deluge. Shak. A confluence of 
any kind. Spenser. 



INUNDERSTA'NDING*, In-fin-deWand'-lng, a. 
[in and understanding.] Wanting the faculties of 
the mind; void of understanding. Pearson. 

INURBA'NITY*, fn-ur-ban'-e-te. n.s. [in and ur- 
banity.] Want of courteousness; rudeness; unkind- 
ness. Bp. Hall. 

To INU'RE §, In-ure'. v.a. [in and ure.] To habit- 
uate ; to make ready or willii g by practice ; to ac- 
custom. Spenser. To commit. Spenser. 

INU'REMENT, m-ure'-m&it. n. s. Practice ; habit ; 
use ; custom : frequency. Wotton. 

To IISU'RN, in-urn'. v. a. [in and urn.] To intomb ; 
to bury. Shakspeare. 

INUSITA'TION*, m-u-ze-ta'-shun.rc.s. [irmsitatus, 
Lat.] Stale of being unused; want of use. Paley. 

UW'STION, in-usMshun. 464. n. s. [imxstio, Lat.J 
The act of burning. 

INU'TILE$,ln-u'-t?l. 140. a. [Fr.; inutilis, Lat.] 

Useless ; unprofitable. Bacon. 
I INUTILITY, m-u-tll ; -e-te. n.s. Uselessness ; unpro 
fitableness. Hurd. 

UNUTTERABLE*, m-ut'-ter-a-bl. a. [traandMera 
ble.] Not to be uttered ; inexpressible. Milton. 

To INVADE §, Sn-vade'. v. a. [invado, Lat.] To at 
tack a country ; to make a hostile entrance. Hab. 
iii. To attack ; to assail ; to assault. 2 Esdras. 
To violate by the first act of hosli ity ; to attack. 
Dryden. A Latinism : to go into. Spenser. 

INVA'DER, fn-va'-dfir. 98. n. s. One who enters 
with hostility into the possessions of another. Bacon. 
An assailant. Encroacher; intruder. Hammond. 

INVALE'SCENCE, m-va-les'-sense. n.s. [inva 
lesco, Lat.] Strength ; health ; force. Diet. 

INVALETU'DINARY*, m-val-e-uV-de-na-re. a. 
Wanting health ; infirm. Papers for Revieiv of the 



INVALID §, In-val'-Id. a. [invalidus, Lat.] Weak ; 

of no weight or cogency. Milton. 
INVAL1 D* m-va-leed'. 112. n. s. See Invalids. 

It is now usually written invalid. 
To INVALIDATE, in-val'-e-date. v. a. To weaken ; 

to deprive of force or efficacy. Bmile. 
INVALIDATION*, In-val-e-da'-shun. n. s. Act of 

INVALFDE, in-va-leed'. n. s. [Fr.] One disabled 
bv sickness or hurts. Prior. 

1NVALFDITY, in-va-tid'-e-te. n.s. [in and valid- 
ity.] Weakness; want of cogency. Want of bodily 
strength. Temple. 

INVALUABLE $, In-val'-u-a-bl. a. [in and valuable.] 
Precious above estimation ; inestimable. Atterlmry. 

INVALUABLY* k-val'-ii-a-tle. ad. Inestimably. 
Bp. Hall. 

INVA'RIABLE§, in-va'-re-a-bl. a. [in and variatus, 
Lat.] Unchangeable ; constant. Brown. 

INVATtlABLENESS, m-va'-re-a-bl-nes. n.s. Im- 
mutability; constancy. W. Mountagve. 

INVA'RIABLY, m-va'-re-a-ble. ad. Unchangeably; 
constantly. Atterbury. 

INVA'RIED*, m-va'-rkl. a. Not varying. Blackwall. 

INVASION, fn-va'-zh&n. n.s. [Fr.; invasio, Lat.J 
Hostile entrance upon the rights or possessions ot 
another; hostile encroachment. 1 Sam. xxx. At- 
tack of a disease. Arbuthnot. 

INVA'SIVE, In-va'-siv. 158, 428. a. Entering hos- 
tilely upon other men's possessions. Dryden. 

INVE'CTION*, fn-vek'-shfin. n. s. [invectio, Lat.] 
Reproachful accusation; railing; invective. Fulke. 

INVE'CTrVE §, in-veV-uv. 140. n.s. [invective, Fr.] 
A censure in speech or writing ; a reproachful ac- 
cusation. Hooker. 

INVE'CTIVE, in-veV-tiv. a. Satirical; abusive. 
Dryden. 

INVE'CTWELY, fn-vek'-tiv-le. ad. Satirically; 
abusively. Shakspeare. 

To INVEIGH §, In-va'. 249, 390. v. n. [invelw, Lat.J 
To utter censure or reproach. Dryden. 

INVE IGHER, fn-va'-ur. n. s. Vehement railer. Dr. 

Jackson. 
To INVEIGLE §, ?c-ve'-gl. 250. v. a. [invogliare, 
Ital.] To persuade to something bad or hurtful ; to 
wheedle ; to allure ; to seduce. Spenser. 



INV 



INV 



-n6, move, n6r, n6t; — tube, tab, ball; — oil; — pound; — thin, THis. 



INVE'IGLEMENT*, In-ve'-gl-ment. n.s. Allure- 
ment; seduction. South. 

LNVE'IGLER, In-ve'-gl-fir. 98. n.s. Seducer; de- 
ceiver; allurer to ill. Mirror for Magistrates. 

INVE'ILED*, ?n-vald'. part. a. Covered as with a 
veil. W. Browne. 

To L\ VE NOM*. See To Envenom. 

Toi.WE'NTUn-vent'. v.a. [inverter, Fr.] To dis- 
cover; to find out; to excogitate ; to produce some- 
thing not made before. Hooker. To forge ; to con- 
trive falsely ; to fabricate. Stilling fleet. To feign ; 
to make by the imagination. Sliak. To light on ; 
to meet with. Spenser. 

l.WE NTER, m-vent'-fJr. n.s. One who produces 
something new ; a deviser of something not known 
before. Garth. A forger. 

INVE'NTFUL* m-vent'-ful. a. Full of invention. 
Gifford. 

L\ VE NTIBLE* In-vent'-e-bl. a. Discoverable ; ca- 
pable of being found out. Marquis of Worcester. 

INVENTION, In-ven'-sh&n. n.s. [inventio, Lat.] 
Excogitation ; the act or power of producing some- 
thing new. Dryden. Discovery. Ray. Forgery ; 
fiction. Sliak. The thing invented. Sidney. 

INVENTIVE, In-ven'-tiv a. [inventif Fr.] Quick 
at contrivance ; ready at expedients. Ascham. 
Having the power of excogitation or fiction. Ra- 
leigh. 

IN VE NTOR, or INVENTER, In-venl^-flr. 166. n. s. 
[inventor, Lat.] A finder out of something new. Ba- 
con. A contriver; a framer. Shakspeare. 

INVENTO'RIALLY^n-ven-.i'-re-al-le.ad. In man- 
ner of an inventory. Sliakspeare. 

INVENTORY^, In'-ven-tfir-e. 512. [For the o, see 
Domestick.] n. s. [inventarium, Lat.] An ac- 
count or catalogue of movables. Shakspeare. 

$Cr Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, W. 
Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Entick, and Bailey, 
pronounce this word with the accent on the first sylla- 
ble ; and Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Barclay, on 
the second. Dr. Kenrick, indeed, tells us, that the ac- 
cent is sometimes placed on the first ; which is, indeed, 
very apparent from the number of writers I have pro- 
duced for that accentuation. But the propriety of this 
pronunciation is not better supported by authority than 
by analogy. For, if we have an English word from 
which a word of this kind might be formed, as declara- 
tory, defamatory, &c. ; the accent will generally be 
found to be on the same syllable as in declare, defame, 
&.c. ; but, if we have no such corresponding English 
word, and the word of this termination comes from 
the Latin, as promontory, desultory, Sec. the word then 
takes the secondary accent we give the Latin words 
promontorium, desultdrius, <Scc. Now, though our 
English verb to invent comes from the same parent in- 
venio as inventory, it is in so different a sense as to 
have no claim to the parentage. As, therefore, inven- 
tarium is the latter Latin word from which this word 
is derived, and as this has the secondary accent on 
the first syllable in our pronunciation of Latin, so in- 
ventory must have the principal accent on the same 
syllable in English. — See Academy, Incomparable, 
&.c. Dr. Johnson, indeed, furnishes us with an authori- 
ty from Shakspeare, against himself: 
" I found, 
" Forsooth, an inventory thus importing, 
" The several parcels of his plate." W. 

To INVENTORY, In'-ven-tor-e. v. a. To register ; 
to place in a catalogue. Shakspeare. 

INVE'NTRESS, In-ven -tres. n.s. [invertrke, Fr.] 
A female that invents. Burnet. 

INVE'RSE, in-verse'. 431. a. [inversus, Lat.] In- 
verted.; reciprocal : opposed to direct. Garth. 

INVE'RSION, In-ver'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.; inversio, 
Lat.] Change of order or time, so as that the last 
is first, and first last. Brown. Change of place, so 
as that each takes the room of the other. 

To INVE'RT}, ln-vgrt'. 556. v. a. [inverto, Lat.] To 
turn upside down ; to place in contrary method 
or order to that which was before. Waller. To 
place the last first. Prior. To divert ; to turn into 
another channel ; to embezzle. Knolles. 

1NVE RTEDLY, In-veV-ted-le. ad. In contrary or 
reversed order. Brown. 

To INVESTS, in-vest'. v. a. [investio, Lat.] To 



dress ; to clothe ; to array. Donne. To place in 
possession of a rank or office. Hooker. To adorn , 
to grace ; as clothes or ornaments. Sluzk. To co.v 
fer ; to give. Bacon. To enclose ; to surround so 
as to intercept succours or provision : as, The ene- 
my invested the town. To put on. Spenser. 

INVESTIENT, In-ves'-tshent. 464. a. Covering; 
clothing. Woodward. 

INVESTIGABLE, In-ves'-te-ga-bl. a. To be 
searched out ; discoverable by rational disquisi- 
tion. 

To INVESTIGATE §, In-veV-te-gate. 91. v.a. [rn- 
vestigo, Lat.] To search out ; to find out by ration 
al disquisition. Holder. 

INVESTIGATION, In-ves-te-ga'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of the mind by which unknown truths are dis- 
covered. Watts. Examination. Pope. 

INVESTIGATIVE*, In-ves'-te-ga-tlv. a. Carious 
and deliberate in making inquiry. Pegge, 

INVESTIGATOR*, fn-ves'-te-ga-uV? n. s. [LaL] 
One who diligently searches out. Warion. 

INVESTITURE, in-ves'-te-ture. n.s. [Fr.} The 
right of giving possession of any manor, office, or 
benefice. Raleigh. The act of giving possession. 
Bp. Hall. 

INVESTIVE^ln-ves'-tlv. a. Encircling; enclosing. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

INVESTMENT, Sn-vest'-inent. n.s. Dress j clothes ; 
garment; habit. Shakspeare. 

INVE'TERACY, In-veV-ter-a-se. n. s. [inveteratio, 
Lat.] Long continuance of any thing bad ; obsti- 
nacy confirmed by time. Addison. [In physick.} 
Longcontinuance of a disease. 

INVETERATE $, In-vet'-ter-ate. 91. a. [inveteratus, 
Lat.] Old; long established. Hooker. Obstinate 
by lonef continuance. South. 

To INVETERATE, In-vet'-tir-ate. v.a. [invetero, 
Lat.] To fix and settle by longcontinuance. Bacon. 

EVVE'TERATENESS, In-vet'-ter-ate-nes. n.s. 
Long continuance of any thing bad ; obstinacy con- 
firmed by time. Broun. 

INVETERA'TION, fn-vet-tgr-a'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of hardening or confirming by long continuance. 

INVFDIOUS§,m-v?d'-e-as, orln-vId'-je-fis.293, 376. 
a. [invidiosus, Lat.] Envious ; malignant. Evelyn. 
Likely to incur or to bring hatred. Broome. 

INVFDIOUSLY, m-vld'-e-us-le. ad. Malignantly} 
enviously. In a manner likely to provoke hatred. 
Sprat. 

INVFDIOUSNESS, In-vfd'-e-os-nes. n. s. Quality 
of provoking envy or hatred. South. 

INVFGILANCY*, fn-vld'-je-lan-se. n. s. [irwigilance, 
old Fr.] Sleepiness ; laziness ; want of vigilance. 
Cotgrave. 

To INVIGORATE §, In-vlg'-go-rite. v.a. [in and 
vigour.] To endue with vigour; to strengthen; to 
animate ; to enforce. Brown. 

EN T VIGORA'TIONjn-v?g-g6-ra'-shnn. n.s. The act 
of invigorating. The state of being invigorated. 
Norris. 

INVFLLAGED* hi-vil'-ledj'd. part. a. Turned into 
a village. Browne. Ob. T. 

INVINCIBILITY*, Jn-vln-se-bfl'-e-te. n.s. The 
quality of being invincible. Barrow. 

INVI'NCIBLE§, In-vfn'-se-bl. 405. a. [invincibilis 
Lat.l Insuperable ; unconquerable ; not to be sub 
dued. Shakspeare. 

INVFNCIBLENESS, in-vln'-se-bl-nes. n.s. Uncon 
querableness ; insuperableness. Hammond. 

INVI'NCIBLY, In-vln'-se-ble. ad. Insuperably; un- 
conquerably. Milton. 

INVIOLABILITY* In-vU-la-bfl'-e-te. n. s. State 
or quality of being inviolable. Bp. Horsley. 

INVIOLABLE*, in-vl'-o-la-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; invio- 
labilis, Lat.] Not to be profaned ; not to be in- 
jured. Milton. Not to be broken. Hooker. Insus- 
ceptible of hurt or wound. Milton. 

lNVFOLABLENESS*,in-vi'-o-la-bl-nes. n.s. State 
or quality of being inviolable. Sherwood. 

INVFOLABLY,in-vl'-6-la-ble. ad. Without breach • 
without failure. Dryden. 

INVFOLATE, in-vl'-o-late. 91. a. [Fr. ; inviolatus 
527 



INV 



IRK 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin;— 



Lat.1 Unhurt ; uninjured j unprofaned ; unpolluted; 
unbroKen. Bacon. 

INVFOLATED*,in-vl / -6-la-ted.a. Unprofaned; un- 
polluted. Drayton. 

FNVIOUS$,m'-ve-fis. a. [invius, Lat.] Impassable ; 
untrodden. Hudibras. 

FNVIOUSNESS* In'-ve-us-neV n. s. State of being 

invious; impassableness. Dr. Ward. 
To FNVFSCATE, m-vis'-kate. v. a. [in and visats, 
Lat.] To lime; to entangle in glutinous matter. 
Brown. , 

7'o INVTSCERATE*, in-vis'-se-rate. v. a. [inw'sce- 
ro, Lat.] To breed ; to nourish. W. Mountague. 

INVISIBILITY, frwSz-e-bll'-e-te. n. s. The state of 
being invisible ; imperceptibleness to sight. Ray. 

INVISIBLE $, In-vlz'-e-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; invisibilis, 
Lat.] Not perceptible by the sight ; not to be seen. 
Sidney. 

INVISIBLY, in-vlz'-e-ble. ad. Imperceptibly to the 
sight. Deniiam. 

IN VITA'TION, in-ve-ta/-shun. n. s. The act of in- 
viting, bidding, or calling to any thing with cere- 
mony and civility. Dryden. 

INVFTATORY, in-vi'-ta-tfir-e. a. Using invitation ; 
containing invitation. Wheatley. 

INVFTATORY*, in-vl'-ta-t&r-e. n. s. Formerly a 
hymn of invitation to prayer. Common Prayer. 

FoINVFTES, in-vhe'. v. a. [invito, Lat.] To bid ; 
to ask to any place, with entreaty and complcisance. 
Milton. To allure; to persuade; to induce by 
hope or pleasure. Bacon 

7WNVFTE, in-vlte'. v.n. To ask or call to any 
thingpleasing. Milton. 

ZNVFTEMENT* In-vlte'-ment. n.s. Act of inviting; 
invitation. B. Jonson. 

INVFTER^n-vl'-uV. 98. n.s. One who invites. K. 
diaries. 

IN VFTING*, In-vl'-ting. n. s. Invitation. Shakspeare. 

INVFTINGLY, in-vl'-ting-le. ad. In such a manner 
as invites or allures. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

INVFTINGNESS*, in-vl'-tlng-nes. n. s. Power or 
quality of inviting. Bp. Taylor. 

To INVOCATE §, m'-v6-kate. 91. v. a. [invoco, Lat.] 
To invoke ; to implore ; to call upon ; to pray to. 
3p. Taylor. 

INVOCATION, in-vi-ka'-shun. n. s. [invocatio, 
Lat.] The act of calling upon in prayer. Hooker. 
The foim of calling for the assistance or presence 
of any being. Addison. 

I'NVOICE, in'-v6ise. n.s. [perhaps corrupted from 
the French envoy ez, send.] A catalogue of the 
freight of a ship, or of the articles and price of 
ffoods sent by a* factor. 

To INVO'KE, In-voke'. v. a. [invoco, Lat.] To call 
upon; to implore ; to pray to. Sidney. 

INVO'LUNTARILY, in-vol'-un-ta-re-le. ad. Not 
bv choice ; not spontaneously. A. Baxter. 

INVO'LUNTARINESS*, In-voF-un-ta-re-nes. n. s. 
Want of choice or will. Bp. Hall. 

INVOLUNTARY §, in-vol'-fin-ta-re. a. [involon- 
taire, Fr.] Not having the power of choice. Pope. 
Not chosen ; net done willingly. Locke. 

INVOLUTION, In-v6-lu'-shfin. n. s. [involutio, Lat.] 
The act of involving or inwrapping. The state of 
being entangled ; complication. Hammond. That 
which is wrapped round any thing. Brown. 

To INVO'LVE §, In-y&lv'. w. a. [involvo, Lat.] To 
in wrap ; to cover with any thing circumfluent. San- 
dys. To imply ; to comprise. Tillotson. To en- 
twist ; to join. Milton. To take in ; to catch. Pope. 
To entangle. Locke. To complicate ; to make in- 
tricate. Milton. To blend; to mingle together 
confusedly. Milton. [In mathematicks.] To mul- 
tiply any quantity by itself any given number of 
times. 

INVO'LVEDNESS*, m-v&l'-ved-nes. n.s. State of 
being involved. Boyle. 

INVULNERABLE Un-vul'-ner-a-bl. a. [Fr. ; in- 
vulneraJnlis, Lat.] Not to be wounded ; secure from 
wound. SlwJcspeare. 

INVU / LNERABLENESS*,in-vul'-ner-a-bl-ne ! s.«.s. 
State of being invulnerable. Bp. Prideaux. 



To INWA'LL, In-wall', v. a. To enclose or fortify 
with a wall. Spenser. 

FN WARD §, In'-ward. ) 88. [See Towards.] ad. 

FNWARDS y, in'-wardz. \ [mpeapb, Sax.] To- 
wards the internal parts ; within. Bacon. With in- 
flexion or incurvity ; concavely. Dryden. Into the 
mind or thoughts. Hooker. 

FN WARD, in'-ward. a. Internal ; placed not en the 
outside ; but within. Spenser. Reflecting ; deeply 
thinking. Prior. Intimate; domestick; familiar. 
Spe7iser. Seated in the mind. Shakspeare. 

FNWARD $, fry-ward. «. *, [innepep.be, Sax.] Any 
thing within ; generally the bowels. Seldom has 
this sense a singular. Milton. Intimate ; near ac- 
quaintance. SlwJcspeare. 

FNWARDLYjn'-ward-le. ad. [mpeapbhee, Sax.] 
In the heart; privately. Hooker. In the parts 
within ; internally. Shak. With inflexion or con- 
cavity. 

FNWARDNESS, m'-ward-n^s. n.s. Litimacy; fa- 
miliarity. Shakspeare. Internal state. More. 

ToINWE / AVE,in-weve / . 227. v. a. preter. inwove or 
inweaved, part. pass, inwove, inwoven, or inweaved. 
[in and weave.] To mix any thing in weaving, so 
that it forms part of the texture. Spenser. To in- 
tertwine ; to complicate. Milton. 

To INWHE'EL*,m-hweel / . v. a. [in and wheel.] To 
surround ; to encircle. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

FNWIT* in'-wit. n. s. [inpifc, Sax.] Mind ; under- 
standing. Wicliffe. Ob. T. 

To INWO'OD, in-wud'. 307. v. a. To hide in woods. 
Sidney. 

To INWHA'P, in-rdp'. 474. v. a. [in and wrap.] To 
cover by involution ; to involve. Spenser. To 
perplex; to puzzle with difficulty or obscurity. 
Bacon. To ravish or transport. Shakspeare. 

To INWRE ATH, fn-reTHe f . 467. v. a. To surround 
as with a wreath. Milton. 

INWRO'UGHT, In-rawt'. 319. a. [in and wrought.] 
Adorned with work. Milton. 

lO'NICK* l-on'-lk. 116. a. [from Ionia in Greece.] 
Belonging to one of the orders of architecture. Aa 
dison. Denoting an airy kind of musick. Howell 
Belonging to the dialect of the Ionians. Blackwall. 
Denoting the first of the ancient sects of philoso- 
phers, ot which the founder was Thales. 

IO'TA* l-o'-ta. n. s. A tittle. Barrow. 

IPECACUA'NHA.ip-pe-kak-u-a'-na.n.s. An Indian 
plant of emetick virtues. Hill. 

I'POCRAS*. See Hipfocras. 

IRASCIBFLITY*, l-ras-se-bil'-e-te. n. s. Propensity 
to anger. Johnson. 

IRA'SCIBLES, 1-raV-se-bl. 115, 405. a. [irascibilis , 
low Lat.] Partaking of the nature of anger. Brown. 

IRA'SCIBLENESS*, i-ras'-se-bl-nes. n. s. State oi 
being angry. Scott. 

IRE §, Ire. n. s. [ira, Lat. ; ire, old Fr.] Anger ; rage ; 
passionate hatred. Sidney. 

FREFUL, Ire'-ful. a. [ire and full.] Angry ; raging; 
furious. Shakspeare. 

FREFULLY, ire'-ful-e. ad. With ire ; in an angry 
manner. Drayton. 

FRENARCH*, I'-re-nark. n. s. [dpnvdpyris-] An of- 
ficer of the old Greek empire, employee! to preserve 
publick tranquillity. 

IRIS, i'-ris. n. s. [Lat.] The rainbow. Brown. Any 
appearance of light resembling the rainbow. New- 
ton. The circle round the pupil of the eye. The 
flower-de-luce. Milton.. 

I'RISH§*,l'-rfsh. n.s. The natives of Ireland. [Erin.] 
Spenser. The Irish language. Richardson. A 
game of elder times. Hall. Linen so called, being 
made in Ireland. v 

FRISH*, I'-rish. a. What belongs to Ireland ; what 
is produced or made in Ireland. Spenser. 

FRISHISM* I'-rlsh-izm. n. s. Mode of speaking 
used by the Irish. Reed. 

FRISHRY* I'-rlsh-re. n. s. The people of Ireland 
Bryskett. 

To IRK§, irk. 108. v. a. [yrk, Icelandick, work.j 
This word is commonly used only impersonally : It 
irks me ; it gives me pain ; or, I am weary of it. Sliak 
528 



IRR 



IRR 



— n6, move, nor. n6t ;— tube, tflb, bull ;— 6il 5— pound ;— dim, tws. 



1 RKSOME, erk'-s&in. 166. a. Wearisome ; tedious ; 
troublesome ; toilsome. SJiaJcspeare. Weary ; tired. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 
I'RKSOMELY/ crk'-s&m-le. ad. Wearisomely; te- 
diously. Mi/ton. 
I'RKSOMENESS, erk'-sftm-nes. n. s. Tediousness j 

wearisomeness. Burton. 
IRON$. l'-urn. 417. n. s. [ipn, ijien, Sax.] A metal 
common to all parts of the world, and considerably 
the hardest. Hiil. An instrument or utensil made 
of iron : as, a flat iron, box iron, or smoothing' iron. 
Sha'.speare. Chain; shackle; manacle. Psalms. 
I [ID'S, l'-ftrn. a. Made of iron. Shak. Resembling 
iron in colour. IVoodward. Harsh ; stern ; severe; 
rigid ; miserable. Spenser. Indissoluble ; unbrok- 
en. Philips. Hard ; impenetrable. Sha/cspeare. 
To FRON. l'-urn. r. a. To smooth with an iron. To 

shackle with irons. 
I RONED*, I'-urnd. a. Armed ; dressed in iron. 

Huloet. 
I RONHEARTED^l'-arn-hart-ed. a. Hardhearted. 
IRO'NICAL, l-rdn'-ne-kal. 88, 115. a. [from irony.] 
Expressing one thing' and meaning another ; speak- 
ing by contraries. Burton. 
IRONICALLY, l-r&n'-ne-kal-e. ad. By the use of 

ironv. Bacon. 
IRO NICK*, l-r&n'-nik. a. Ironical. B. Jonson. 
1 RONIST*. i'-run-ist. n. s. One who speaks by con- 
traries. Hurd. 
IRONMONGER, i'-urn-ninng-gur. n. s. A dealer in 

iron. 
I RONMOULD*, I'-firn-mold. n. s. A mark or spot 

on linen, occasioned by the rust of iron. Junius. 
I RON WOOD, V urn-wud. n. s. A kind of wood ex- 
tremely hard, and so ponderous as to sink in water. 
Robinson Crusoe. 
FRON WORT, F-um-wurt. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
IRONY. I'-Srn-e. a. Made of iron ; partaking of 

iron. Hammond. 
I RONY§, I'-rfin-e. n.s. [dpavela.] A mode of speech 
in which the meaning is contrary to the words. 
Su-ift. 
I ROUS*, I'-rus. a. [ireux. Fr.] Angry; passionate. 

Clumcer. Oh. T. 
IRRA'DIANCE, ?r-ra'-de-anse. ) 505. n.s. [Fr. ; 
IRRA DIANCY, ir-ra'-de-an-se. \ irradio, Lat.J 
Emission of rays or beams of light upon any object. 
Brown. Beams of light emitted. Milton. 
To IRRA'DIATE Ur-ra'-de-ate. v. a. [irradio, Lat.] 
To adorn with light emitted upon it; to brighten. 
Dighy. To enlighten intellectually ; to illumine ; 
to illuminate. Bp. Reynolds. To animate by heat 
or light. Hale. To decorate with shining" orna- 
ments. Pope. 
To IRRA'DIATE* ir-ra'-de-ate. v.n. To shine up- 
on. Bp. Home. 
IRRA DIATE*, ir-ra'-de-ate. part. a. Decorated 

with shining ornaments. Mason. 
IRRADIATION, fr-ra-de-a'-shfin. 534. n.s. [Fr.] 
The act of emitting beams of light. Dighy. Illu- 
mination ; intellectual light. Hale. 
IRRATIONAL*, ir-rasV-6-nal. a. [irrationalis, 
Lat.] Void of reason ; void of understanding ; 
wanting the discoursive faculty. Milton. Absurd; 
contrary to reason. Harvty. 
IRRATIONALITY, ir-rash-o-naK-e-te, n. s. Want 

of reason. A.Baxter. 
IRRATIONALLY. ir-rash'-6-nal-e. ad. Without 

reason; absurdly. Pearson. 
IRRECLAIMABLE §, ?r-re-kla'-ma-bl. 405. a. Not 
to be reclaimed ; not to be changed to the better. 
Brown. 
IRRECLA'IMABLY* lr-re-kla'-ma-ble. ad. So as 

not to be reclaimed. Glanville. 
IRRECONCILABLE SJr-rek-on-slMa-bl. a. [irrec- 
onciliabU, Fr.] Not to be recalled to kindness ; not 
to be appeased. Milton. Not to be made consistent. 
Bentley. 
IRRECONCFLABLENESS,)r-rek-&n-sl'-la-bl-nes 
n. s. Impossibility to be reconciled. Ld. Sluxftesburii 
IRRECONCFLABLY, ir-rek-6n-sl'-la-ble. ad. In e 
manner not admitting reconciliation. Sir T. Herbert 
67 



To IRRE'CONCILE*, ir-rek'-dn-slle. v. a. To pre- 
vent being reconciled to. Bp. Taylor. 
IRRECONCFLED, ir-rek'-on-slld. a. Not atoned. 

Bp. Prideaux. 
IRRE'CONCILEMENT* ir-rek'-6ii-slle-ment. n s. 

Want of reconcilement; disagreement. Wake 
IRRECONCILIATION* Ir-rek-on-sil-e-i'-shSn. 

n. s. Want of reconciliation. Bp. Prideaux. 
lRRECO'RDABLE*,ir-re-kdrd'-a-bl.a. Not to be 

recorded. Cockeram. 
IRRECO'VERAHLE^r-i^-kuv'-ur-a-bU. [in and 
recoverable.'] Not to be regained ; not to be restored 
or repaired! Rogers. Not to be remedied. Hooker. 
IRRECO / VERABLENESS*,?r-re-kfiv'-&r-a-bl-nes. 
n. s. State of being beyond recovery, or repair. 
Donne. 
IRRECO'VERABLY, ir-re-k&v'-5r-a-ble. ad. Be- 
yond recovery ; past repair. Milton. 
IRRECU'PERABLE**, ir-re-kiV-per-a-bl. a. [Fr. ; 
irrecupcrabilis, Lat.] Irrecoverable. Cotgrave. 
Ob. T. 
IRRECUTERABLY*,lr-re-ku'-per-a-ble. ad. Irre- 
coverably. Bullokar. 
IRRECU'RED*, ir-re-kur'd'. a. [in and recured.] 

Not to be cured. Rous. 
IRREDUCIBLE, ir-re-du'-se-bl. a. Not to be 

brought or reduced. Boyle. 
IRREFRAGABFLITY, ir-ref-fra-ga-bjl'-e-te. n. s. 

Strength of argument not to be refuted. 
IRREFRAGABLE S,?r-ref-fra-ga-bl, or ir-re-frag'- 
a-bl. pr-rSf-fra-ga-bl, Jones and Todd.] a. [in-efra- 
gahilis, Lat.] Not to be confuted ; superiour to ar- 
gumental opposition. Bp. Hall. 
3$= If we might judge by the uniformity we find in our 
dictionaries, there would be no great dimcolty in set- 
tling the accentuation of this word. Dr. Johnson, Dr. 
Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Bailey, Entick, W. Johnston, Perry, 
Barclay, and Buchanan, place the accent on the third 
syllable ; Mr. Scott either on the second or third, with 
a preference to the latter ; and Mr. Sheridan, alone, 
places it exclusively on the second. But, notwithstand- 
ing Mr. Sheridan's accentuation stands single, I am 
much mistaken if it has not only the best usage on its 
side, but the clearest analogy to support it. It were, 
indeed, to be wished, for the sake of harmony, that, like 
the Greeks and Romans, we had no accent higher than 
the antepenultimate ; but language is the vox populi. 
Our accent, in a thousand instances, transgresses these 
classick bounds; and who shall confine it. ? In coin- 
pounds of our own, with the utmost propriety, we place 
the accent on the fourth syllable from the last, as in 
wear isomeness,serviceableness, Sec. 501 ; and a probable 
reason is given, under the word academy, why we accent 
so many words from the Latin in the same manner: but, 
be the reason what it will, certain it is that this custom 
has prevailed. This prevalence of custom is sufficient- 
ly exemplified in the positive of the word in question ; 
rcfragable is accented by Johnson, Ash, and Bailey, on 
the first syllable, and would probably have been accent- 
ed iu the same manner by the rest, if they had inserted 
the word. Buchanan and Barclay, indeed, have the 
word, and accent it on the second; but their authority 
is greatly outweighed by the three others. Convinced, 
therefore, that pronouncing this word with the accent 
on the second syllable is following that path which the 
best usage has pointed out, I do not hesitate to dissent 
from so many authorities, especially when I find the 
best of these authorities inconsistent; for, if we are to 
place the accent on the first syllable ofrefragablc, why 
we should remove the accent in irrefragable I cannot 
conceive. — See Academy and Disputable. W. 
1RRETRAGABLY, ir-ref-tra-ga-ble. ad. With 

force above confutation. Bp. Hall. 
IRREFUTABLE, ir-re-nV-ta-bl. [ir-reF-fu-ta-bl, 
Jones.] a. [irrefuiabilis , LatJ Not to be over- 
thrown by argument. Bp. Hill. 
05= All our dictionaries place the accent on the third syl- 
lable of this word ; nor do I mean to affront such re- 
spectable authority by placing it on the second, as in 
irrefragable, though there is the same reason for both. 
Let it not be pleaded, that we have the verb refute in 
favour of the first pronunciation: this has not the least 
influence on the words indisputable, irrevocable, incom- 
parable, &c. The reason why corruptible and refrac- 
tory ought not to have the accent on the first syllable 
arises from the difficulty of pronouncing the uncom- 
binable consonants pt and ct in syllables not under tha 
529 



1RR 



1RR 



[LT 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;- 



strese. — See Principles, No. 517 ; also the words Ac- 
ceptable and Kefractory. fV. 
IRREGULARS, ?r-reg'-gu-lar. 88. a. [irregularis, 
Lat.] Deviating- from rule, custom, or nature. 
Prior. Immethodieal ; not confined to any certain 
rule or order. Milion. Not being according to the 
laws of virtue. 

IRREGULAR*, fr-reg'-gu-lar. n.s. One not follow- 
ing a settled rule. Bp. Hall. 

IRREGULA'RITY, ?r-reg-gu-lar'-e-te. n. s. Devia- 
tion from rule. Neglect of method and order. 
Brown. Inordinate practice ; vice. Rogers. 

IRREGULARLY, Ir-reg'-gu-lar-le. ad. Without 

observation of rule or method. Dryden. 
To IR REGULATE, Ir-reg'-gu-lale. v. a. To make 
irregular; to disorder. Brown. 

IRRELATIVE Ur-relMa-irv. a. [in zndrelativus, 
Lat.] Having no reference to any thing ; single ; 
unconnected. Brown. 

IRRELATIVELY*, Ir-reT-la-trv-le. ad. Uneonnect- 
edly. Boyle. 

IRRELEVANCY* ir-rel'-e-van-se. n. s. State of 
being irrelevant. 

IRRELEVANT^*, ir-rel'-e-vant. a. [in and rele- 
vant.] Not applicable; not to the purpose. A 
modem word. 

IRRELEVANTLY*, ir-rel'-e-vant-le. ad. Without 
being to the purpose. 

IRRELI'EVABLE*, fr-re-leev'-a-bl. a. Not admit- 
ting relief. Hargrave. 

IRRELFGION, fr-re-lid'-jan. n. s. [in and religion.'] 
Contempt of religion ; impiety. Dryden. 

IRRELIGIOUS?, Ir-re-lld'-jus. 314. a. [in and reli- 
gious.] Contemning religion; impious. South. Con- 
trary to religion. Hooker. 

IRRELIGIOUSLY, ir-re-lid'-jus-le. ad. With im- 
piety ; with irreligion. Drayton. 

IRREMEABLE, ir-re'-me-a-bi. a. [irremeabilis, 
Lat.l Admitting no return. Dryden. 

IRRLME'DIABLE ^lr-re-me'-de-a-bl. [?r-re-me ! d / - 
e-a-bl, Perry.] a. [Fr.] Admitting no cure ; not to 
be remedied. Hooker. 

IRREME'DIABLENESS*, ir-re-me'-de-a-bl-nes. 
n. s. State of being irremediable. Donne. 

IRREMEDIABLY, !r-re-me'-de-a-ble. ad. With- 
out cave. Bp. Taylor. 

IRREMI'SSIBLE§, ir-re-mis'-se-bl. a. [ir remissible, 
Fr.J Not to be pardoned. Bale. 

IRREMFSSIBLENESS, ir-re-mls'-se-bl-nSs. n. s. 
The quality of being not to be pardoned. Bp. Hall. 

IRREMISSIBLY*,lr-re-imV-se-ble. ad. So as not 
to be pardoned. Sherircod. 

IRREMOVABLE, n-re-moov'-a-bl. a. [in and re- 
move.] Not to be moved ; not to be changed. Shak. 

IRREMU'NERABLE*, ir-re-mu'-ner-a-bl. a. [in 
and remunerablp.] Not to be rewarded. Cockeram. 

TRRENOWNED. ?r-re-n6un , d / . 369. a. [in and re- 
nown.] Void of honour. Unrenowned. Srmiser. 

IRREPAR ABILITY*, 'ir-rep-a-ra-blF-e-te. n. s. 
State ofbeing irreparable. Sterne. 

IRREPARABLE §, fr-rep'-pa-ra-bl. a. [irreparabi- 
lis, Lat.] Not to be recovered ; not to be repaired. 
Sliakspea7-e. 

{&- This word and its simple reparable come from the 
Latin reparabilis and irreparabilis, and are pronounc- 
ed with the accent on the preantepenultimate syllable, 
according to the analogy of words anglicised from the 
Latin, by dropping a syllable ; which is, to place the 
accent on that syllable which had a secondary stress in 

our own English pronunciation of the Latin words. 

S<;e Academy and Incomparable. W. 

1RRETARABLY. Ir-rep'-pa-ra-ble. ad. Without 

recoverv ; without amends. Boyle. 
IRREPE'NTANCE* Ir-re-pent'-anse. n. s. Want 

of repentance. Mountagu. 
IRREPLEVIABLE, ir-re-pleV-ve-a-bl. a. [in and 

replevy.] Not to be redeemed. A law term. 
1RREPREHENSIBLE$, Ir-rep-pre-hen'-se-bl. a 

[irreprehensibilis, Lat.] Exempt from blame. Bp. 

Patrick. 
IRREPREHENSIBLY, ir-rep-pre-hen'-se-ble. ad. 

Without blame. Sherwood. 



UNREPRESENTABLE, .r-rep-P^-zent'-a-bl. a. 

Not to be figured by any representation. Stilling- 

fieet. 
IRREPRESSIBLE*, tr-re-pres'-se-bl. a. Not to be 

repressed. 

IRREPROACHABLE Ur-re-protsh'-a-bl. 295. a. 
[in and reproachable.] Free from blame ; free from 
reproach. Allerbury. 

IRREPROACHABLY, ir-re-pr6tsh'-a-ble. ad. 
Without blame ; without reproach. Addison. 

IRREPROVABLE§, ir-re-pr66v'-a-bl. a. [in and 
reprovable.] Not to be blamed ; irreproachable. 
More. 

IRREPROVABLY*,ir-re-prSov'-a-ble.atf. Beyond 
reproach. Weecer. 

IRREPTlTIOUSt, Ir-rep-lish'-us. a. Encroaching; 
creeping in. E/phinston. 

IRRESI / STANCE*,?r-re-zlst / -anse. n. s. Want of 
inclination to make resistance ; gentleness under 
sufferings arid insults. Paley. 

IRRESISTIBILITY, ir-re-z?s-te-bn'-e-te. n. s. 
Power or force above opposition. Hammond. 

IRRESISTIBLE?, Ir-re-zls'-te-bl. a. [in and resis- 
tible.] Superiour to opposition. Hooker. 

IRRESI'STIBLENESS*, Ir-re-zls'-te-bl-nes. n. s. 
Power above opposition. Bp. Hall. 

IRRESl'STIBLY, ir-re-zis'-te-ble. ad. In a manner 
not to be opposed. Dryden. 

IRRESrSTLESS, ?r-re-zist'-les. a. [A barbarous, 
ungrammatical conjunction of two negatives.] Ir- 
resistible; resistless. Glanville. 

IRRE'SOLUBLE^ir-rez'-zo-lu-bl. [See Dissolu- 
ble.] a. [in and resoluhilis, Lat.] Not to be brok- 
en ; not to be dissolved. Bp. Hall. 

IRRESOLUBLENESS, ir-reV-zd-lu-bl-nes. n. s. 
Resistance to separation of the parts. Boyle. 

IRRE'SOLUTE §, ir-rez'-zo-lute. a. [in and reso- 
lute.] Not constant in purpose; not determined. 
Sliakspeare. 

IRRESOLUTELY, ir-rez'-z6-lute-le. ad. Without 
firmness of mind ; without determined purpose. 

IRRE'SOLUTENESS*, Ir-rez'-zo-lute-nks. n. s. 
Want of determination ; want of firmness of mind. 

IRRESOLU'TION, ir-rez.c-lu'-sh&n. n. s. Want 
of firmness of mind. Bacon. 

IRRESOLVEDLY, Ir-re-z&l'-ved-le. 364. ad. [in 
and resolved.] Without settled determination. 
Boyle. 

IRRESPECTIVE §, Jr-re-spgk'-tfv. a. [in and re- 
spective.] Having no regard to any circumstances. 
Hammond. Disrespectful. Sir C. Cormval/is. 

IRRESPECTIVELY, ir-re-spek'-Uv-le. ad. With- 
out regard to circumstances. Hammond. 

TRRESPONSIBFLITY^ir-re-span-se-biF-e-te. n. s. 
Want of responsibility. 

IRRESPONSIBLE?*, Ir-re-sp&n'-se-bl. a. [in and 
responsible.] Not capable of being answered for 
Mil tcm. 

IRRETENTIVE*, ir-re-ten'-llv. a. Not retentive. 
Skelton. 

IRRETRIEVABLE $,?r-re-tr£e'-va-bl. 275. a. [in 
and retrieve.] Not to be repaired ; irrecoverable ; 
irreparable. Butler. 

IRRETRIEVABLY, Ir-re-lree'-va-ble. ad. Irrep- 
arably ; irrecoverably. Woodward. 

IRRETU'RNABLE*, .r-re-uW-a-bl. a. Not to re- 
turn. Mirror for Magistrate.-;. 

IRREVERENCE ?, h--reV-veV-ense. n. s. [irreve- 
rentia, Lat. ; irreverence, Fr.] Want of reverence ; 
want of veneration ; want of respect. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. State of being disregarded. Clarendon. 

IRRE VEREND*, ?r-reV-ver-end. a. [in and reve- 
rend.] Disrespectful. Sir C. Cornwallis. Ob. T. 

IRREVERENT, ?r-rev'-ver-ent. a. [in and reve- 
rent] Not paying due homage or reverence ; not 
expressing or conceiving due veneration or respect. 
Hooker. 

IRREVERENTLY, Ir-rev'-ver-ent-le. ad. Without 
due respect or veneration. Gov. of the Tongue. 

mREVERSIBLE$,ir-re-v&- / -se-bl.a. [m and re- 
verse.] Not to be recalled; net to be changed. 
Rogers. 

530 



ISI 



ITA 



— n6, move, ndr, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil j— pound ;— thin, Tuis. 



IRREVE'RSIBLENESS*, ir-re-ver'-se-bl-nes. n.s. 

State of being irreversible. Stackhouse. 
IRREVE'RSlBLY, ir-re-ver'-se-ble. od. Without 

change. Hammond. 
IRREVOCABILITY*, ir-rev-v6-ka-bil'-e-te. u. s. 

Impossibility of recall. 
IRREVOCABLE*, fr-rev'-v6-ka-bl. a. [irrevocab- 

ilis. Lat.] Not to be recalled ; not to be brought 

back ; not to be reversed. Shakspeare. 

{£7* For the reason of accenting this word on the second, 
and not on the third syllable, see Academy and In- 
comparable. W. 

IRRE VOCABLENESS^Jr-rev'-vi-ka-bl-n^s. n. s. 
The state of being irrevocable. Ash. 

IRREVOCABLY, ir-rev'-v6-ka-ble. ad. Without 
recall. 

IRRE'VOLUBLE*, ?r-rev'-6-lu-bl. a. [irrevohdus, 
Lat.] That has no revolution. Milton. 

7\>FRRIGATE$, lr'-re-gate. v. a. [irrigo, Lat.] To 
wet ; to moisten ; to water. Smith. 

IRRIGATION, Ir-re-ga'-sh&n. n. s. The act of wa- 
tering or moistening. Bacon. Slate of being wa- 
tered. Hammond. 

IRRFGUOUS. ir-rlg'-gu-us. a. Watery; watered. 
Milton. Dewy; moist. Phillips. 

IRRFSION, ir-rizh'-un. n. s. [irrisio, Lat.] The act 
of laughing at another. Fotfierby. 

IRRITABI'LITYMr-re-ta-bil'-e-te. n.s. State or 
quality of being irritable. 

FRR1TABLE*, V-re-ta-bl. a. [irritabilis, Lat.] 
Ensilv provoked. Burke. That ma}' be agitated. 

IRRITANT-, a. [irritans, Lat.] Rendering void. 
Hay ward. 

To I'RRITATE §, ir'-re-tate. 91. r. a. [irrito, Lat.] 
To provoke ; to tease. Bacon. To fret ; to put in- 
to motion or disorder by any irregular or unaccus- 
tomed contact ; to stimulate ; to vellicate. Bacon. 
To heighten ; to agitate ; to enforce. Bacon. 

I'RRITATE*, V-re-tate. part. a. Heightened. Ba- 
con. 

To IRRFTATE$*. v. a. [irritare, low Lat.] To ren- 
der null or void. Bp. BramhaM. 

IRRITA'TION, Ir-re-ta'-shun. n. s. [imtalio, Lat.] 
Provocation; exasperation. Sliencood. Stimula- 
tion; vesication. Arbuthnot. 

IRRITATORY*, ir'-re-ta-tur-e. a. Stimulating. 
Hales. 

IRRU'PTION v), ?r-rup'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; irruptio, 
Lat.] The act of any thing forcing an entrance. 
Burton. Inroad ; burst of invaders into any place. 
Wotton. 

IRRUTT1VE*, ir-rfip'-tlv. a. Bursting forth ; rush- 
ing down or in. Whitehouse. 

IS §, \z. 420. [if, Sax.] The third person singular of 
To be : I am, thou art, he is. St. John, vii. 

ISAGO'GICAL*, l-sa-g&d'-je-kal. a.. [eicayuytKb;.] 
Introductory ; belonging to an introduction. Greg- 
ory. 

ISCllLVDICK, is-ke-ad'-ik. a. [lo^iaStKos.] In 
anatomy, an epithet to the crural vein : in pathol- 
ogy, the sciatica. 

ISCkURE'TICKjs-ku-rcY-flk. n.s. [fromischury.] 
Such medicines as force urine when suppressed. 

FSCHURYS, is'-ku-re. 353. n. s. [h X ovpia.] A stop- 
page of urine. 

ISH. [ifc, Sax.] A termination added to an adjective 
to express diminution : as, bluish, tending to blue. 
It is likewise sometimes the termination of a gen- 
tile or possessive adjective : as, Swedish, Danish. 
It likewise notes participation of the qualities of the 
substantive to which it is added : as, fool, foolish. 

FS1CLE, l'-slk-kl. 405. n. s. [more properly icicle, 
from ice ; but ice should rather be written ise ; ij-j-, 
Sax.] A pendent shoot of ice. Shakspeare. 
FS1NGLASS, l'-z?ng-glas. n.s. [from ice, or ise, and 
glass.] Isviglass is a tough, firm, and light sub- 
stance, of a whitish colour, and, in some degree, 
transparent, much resembling glue, prepared from 
the intestines of a fish which greatly resembles the 
sturgeon. Hill. 
l'SINGLASS Stone, i'-ztng-glas-slone. n. s. A fossil 



which is one of the purest and simplest of the natu- 
ral bodies. Hill. 

FSLAND§, I'-land. 458. n. s. [insula, Lat. ; isola, 
Ital. ; ealand, Erse.] A tract ofland surrounded by 
water. Shakspeare. 

9£p The s in this word and its compounds is perfectly si- 
lent. W. 

FSLANDER, l'-land-ur. 98. n. s. An inhabitant of a 
country surrounded by water. Camden. 

FSLANDY*, I'-lan-de. a. Full of, or belonging to, 
islands. Cotirrave. 

ISLE, lie. 45&\ n. s. [Fr. ; insula, Lat.] An island ; a 
country surrounded by water. Shak. [Written cor- 
ruptly for aile, from aile, Fr., or ala, Lat.] A long 
walk in a church, or publick building. Pope. 

ISLET*, \'-\h. ii. s. [islette, Fr.] A little island. 
Wotton. 

FSOLATED*, k'-6-la-ted. a. [isoU, Fr.] Detached; 
i separate. Warburton. 
I ISO'CHRONAL*, l-s&k'-rd-nal. a. [hos and^pdvoc.] 

I Having equal times. Bp. Berkeley. 
j ISOPERIME'TRICAL. l-s6-per-f>~meV-tre-kal. a. 
[iaos, -nipi, and jufrpov.] In geometry, isoperimetri- 
cal figures are such as have equal perimeters or 
circumferences, of which the circle is the greatest. 
Harris. 

ISOSCELES, i-sos'-se-lez. [l-sds'-e-lez, Jones.] n. s. 
[isoscele, Fr.] That which hath only two sides equal. 
Harris. 

FSSUABLE*, fsh'-shu-a-bl. a. So as to bring to is- 
sue, or decision. B/ackstone. 

I'SSUE$, ish'-shu. 457. n. s. [issue, Fr.] The act of 

fmssing out. Exit ; egress ; or passage out. Psalm 
xviii. Event; consequence. Sliak. Termination; 
conclusion. Sidney. Sequel deduced from prem- 
ises. Shak. A fontanel ; a vent made in a muscle 
for the discharge of humours. Wiseman. Evacua- 
tion. St. Matt. ix. Progeny ; offspring. Shak. [In 
law.] Issue is sometimes used for the children be- 
gotten between a man and his wife ; sometimes for 
profits growing" from an amercement, fine, or ex- 
penses of suit ; sometimes for profits of lands or ten- 
ements ; sometimes for that point of matter depend- 
ing in suit, whereupon the parties join, and put their 
cause to the trial of the jury. Cowel. 

TbFSSUE, Ish'-shu. v.n. To come out ; to pass out 
of any place. Ezek. xlvii. To make an eruption. 
To break out. Shak. To proceed as an offspring. 
2 Kings, xx. To be produced by any fund. Ayliffe. 
To run out in lines. Bacon. 

To FSSUE, ish'-shu.. f. a. 'To send out ; to send forth. 
Bacon. To send out judicially or authoritatively. 
Clarendon. 

FSSUED*. ish-slnVd. part. a. Descended. Shak. 

FSSUELESS, fsh'-sh.Vl<k a. Having no offspring ; 
wanting descendants. Carew. 

FSSUING*, rsh'-shu-ing. n. s. The act of passing or 
going out. Whitlock. 

FSTHMUS, tst'-mus. n. s. [isthmus, Lat.] A neck of 
land joining the peninsula to the continent. Sandys, 

$5" I have only made tjie h mute in this word ; Mr. Sher- 
idan makes both the h and t mute, and spells the word 
ismus. Dr. Ken rick, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Mr. Barclay, 
and Mr. Buchanan, pronounce the word as I have done, 
and, I think, agreeably to the best usage. W. 

IT?, it. pronoun, [hefc, hit, Sax.] The neutral de 
monstrative. Cowley. It is used absolutely for the 
slate of a person or affair. Sluxk. It is used for the 
thing; the matter; the affair. Shak. It is some- 
times expressed by H. Hudibras. It is used ludi- 
crously after neutral verbs, to give an emphasis. 
Raleigh. Sometimes applied familiarly, ludicrous- 
ly, or" rudely, to persons. Shak. It is sometimes 
used of the first or second person, sometimes of 
more. Shakspeare. 

ITA'LIAN$*. l-tal'-yan. n. s. A native of Italy. Ad 
dison. The Italian language. Ld. Chesterfield. 

ITA'LIAN*, l-tal'-yan. a. Relating to the manners, 
customs, language, or persons of Italy. Addison. 

To ITA'LIAN ATE*, l-tal'-yan-ate. v. a. To make 
Italian ; to render conformable to Italian custom op 
fashion. Wilson. 

m 



ITE 



IVY 



(LT 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fit;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



TMTA'LIANIZE* l-til'-yan-lze. »'. ». [italianizer 
Fr.] To speak Italian; to play the Italian. Cot- 
grave. 
To ITA'LICISE* l-til'-e-slze. v. a. To distinguish a 
word by printing it in the Italick character. Dr. Purr. 
ITA'LICK* l-tal'-ik. a. Denoting a type first used by 
Italian printers, and now usually employed to dis- 
tinguish a particular word or sentence; as each 
authority given in this dictionary is printed. It is 
common also to say, substantively, The passage is 
printed in Ilalicks. 
ITCH§, itsh. 35°2. n.s. feicha, Sax.] A cutaneous 
disease extremely contagious, which overspreads 
the body with small pustules filled with athin serum, 
and raised, as microscopes have discovered, by a 
small animal. It is cured by sulphur. Dent, xxviii. 
The sensation of uneasiness in the skin, which is 
eased by rubbing. A constant teasing desire. 
Dryden. 
To ITCH, itsh. v. n. To feel that uneasiness in the 
skin which is removed by rubbing. Wiseman. To 
long ; to have continual desire. Shakspeare. 
FTCHY, ftsh'-e. a. Infected with the itch. Drayton. 

Having a constant teasing desire. Donne. 
I TEM, I'-tem. ad. [Lat.] Also. A word used when 

any article is added to the former. 
ITEM, I'-t^m. n. s. A new article. SJiakspeare. A 

hint ; an innuendo. GlanvilU. 
To FTEM*, I'-tem. v. a. To make a memorandum of. 
Addison. 



FTERABLE* h'-ter-a-bl. a. Capable of being re 

peated. Sir T. Brown. 
FTERANT, iY-ter-ant. a. Repeating. Bacon. 
roFTERATE^ft'-ter-ate. 91. v.a. [Hero, Lat.] To 

repeat; to utter again; to inculcate by frequent 

mention. Hooker. To do over again. Broicn. 
ITERATION, it-ter-a'-sh&n. n. s. [iteratio, Lat.] 

Repetition ; recital over again. Sluiksjieare. 
ITERATIVE*, lY-ter-a-tiv. a. Repeating ; redoub- 



[itinerant. Fr.] 
Wandering ; not settled. 

l-tm'-neV-ar-e. n. s. [itinerariian, 



Jmg. Cotgrave. 
ITINERANT $, l-tln'-ner-ant 
Travelling. Milton, 



Addison 
ITFNERARY 



Lat.] A book of travels. Gregory. 
ITFNERARY, l-tfn'-ner-ar-e. a. Travelling ; done 

on a journey ; done during frequent change of 

place. Bacon. 
To ITFNERATE^l-Un'-ner-ate. v.n. [itineror, itin 

eratus, Lat.] To journey. Cockeram. 
ITSE'LF, It-sSlf. pronoun, [it and self.] The neu 

tral reciprocal pronoun applied to things. Shuk, 

speare. 
FVORY^l'-v&r-e. 166 - »• *• [««*«,*&) A hard, 

solid, and firm substance, of a fine white colour ; 

the tusk of the elephant. Hill. 
FVORY*, l'-v&r-e. a. Made of ivory. Peacham. 
FVY$, I'-vi. n.s. [ijmS and IU15, Sax.] A plant. 

Miller. 
FVYED*, I'-vfd. a. Overgrown with ivy. Warion. 



JAC 



JAC 



J consonant has invariably the same scund 
with that of g in giant ; as, fade, jet, jilt, jolt, 
just. 398. 

To JA'BBER§,jab'-bur. 98. v.n. [gabbaren, Dutch.] 
To talk idly; to chatter. Bale. 

JA'BBERER, jab'-bnr-ar. n. s. One who talks in- 
articulately or unintelligibly. Hudibras. 

JA'BBERMENT*, jab'-bur-m^nt. n.s. Idle talk; 
prate. Milton. 

JA'BBERNOWL*. See Jobbernowl. 

JA'CENT, ja'-sent. a. [ jacens, Lat.] Lying at length. 
Wotton. 

JACI'NTH, ji'-smtfi. [Jacinth t, V-^-shth.] n.s. 
The same with hyacinth. Woodward. 

JACK§, jak. n. s. [Jak, Jaky, old Fr.] The diminu- 
tive of John. Used as a general term of contempt 
for saucy or paltry fellows. Shak. The name of 
instruments which supply the place of a boy, as an 
instrument to pull off Boots. Watts. An engine 
which turns the spit. Moxon. A young pike. 
Mortimer. A coat of mail, [jaque, old Fr.J Hay- 
ward. A cup of waxed leather. Heijwood. A 
small bowl thrown out for a mark to the bowlers. 
Bentley. A part of the musical instruments called 
a virginal, a harpsichord, a spinet. Bacon. The 
male of animals. Arbuthnot on Coins. A support 
to saw wood on. Ainsworth. The colours or ensign 
of a ship. Drummmid. In Yorkshire, half a pint. 
Grose. A quarter of a pint. Pegge. A canning 
fellow who can tu-n to any thing; as, a jack of an 
trades. Cleave land. 

JACK Boots, jak-boots'. n. s. Boots which serve as 
armour to the legs. Spectator. 

JACK by the Hedge, n. s. Erysimum. Mortimer. 

JACK of the Clock-house*, n. s. The little man that 
strikes the quarters in a clock, jacquelet. Shak. 

JACK Pudding, jak-pud'-dlng. n. s. [jack and pud- 
ding,] A zany ; a merry Andrew. Guardian. 

JACK Sauce*, jak-siwse. n. s. An impudent fellow ; 
a saucy Jack. Shakspeare. 

JACK with a Lantern, jak'-wlTH-a-lan'-tnrn. An ig- 
nis fatuus. Johnson. 

JA'CKALENT, jak-a-lent'. n. s. A sort of puppet, 
formerly thrown at in Lent, like shrove-cocks. 
Shakspeare. 

JACKA'L, jak-kall'. 406. [jak'-all, Jones.] n. s. 



[sclvakal, Pers.] A small animal supposed to stan 
prey for the lion. Dryden. 

tyCF" Mr- Nares, who is an excellent judge both of analo- 
y and usage, says, the accentuation of this word upon 
ihe last syllable is adopted by Dr. Johnson: but it is cer- 
tainly now obsolete. I am reluctantly of a different 
opinion, and think Dryden's accentuation the best : 
" Close by their fire-ships like jackalls appear, 
" Who on their lions for their prey attend." W. 

JA'CKANAPES, jak'-an-aps. n.s. A monkey; an 
ape. Riche. A coxcomb ; an impertinent. Shak. 

JA'CKASS*, jak'-ass. n. s. The male of the ass. 

JACKDA'W, jik-daw'. n.s. [.gacA-e,Teut. the daw.] 
A species of the crow. Bale. 

JA'CKETS, jakMdt. 99. n.s. [jaquette, Fr.] A short 
coat; a close waistcoat. Spenser. — To beat one's 
jacket, is to beat the man. L'Estrange. 

JA'CKETED*, jak'-kit-ed. a. Wearing a jacket. 
Huloet. 

JA'COB'S Ladder, n. s. The same with Greek vale- 
rian. 

JA'COB'S Staff, n. s. A pilgrim's staff. StafT con- 
cealing a dagger. A cross staff; a kind of astro- 
labe. Cleaveland. 

JA'COBIN**, I ,a k , Ab ? n 149 U. s. [Jacobine, 

JA'COBJNE $#, \ J ak 6 bln - 14y ' j Fr. Jacobus, 
from the Lat. as having some pretended reference 
to St. James.] A friar of the order of St. Dominick; 
a gray or white friar. Clumcer. One of an exe- 
crable faction in the late French democratical rev- 
olution, distinguished by their hatred of religion, 
monarchy, and social order; so called from their 
meeting at the church of St. Jacobus, or a monas- 
tery of the Jacobin friars ; one who approves or 
maintains the principles of such. Burke. 

$£r In the first edition of this [Walker's] dictionary, I 
marked the i in the last syllable of this word long. 
Since that time there has, unfortunately, been so much 
occasion to pronounce it, that no doubt is left of the 
sound of the last vowel. W. 

JA'COBJN* jak'-o-bin. \a. Oftheprin- 

JACOBrNICAL*,jak-6-bln / -e-kal. $ ciples of mod- 
ern Jacobins. Burke. 

JA COBINE, jak'-6-bm. 149. n. 5. A pigeon with a 
high tuft. Ainsworth. 

JA'COBINISM* jak'-o-bln-izm. n. s. The princi- 
ples of a modern Jacobin. Burke. 
532 



JAM 



JAR 



-116. move, nor, not ;— tAbe, tftb, bull ;— 61I ;— pofind ;—tinn, THis. 



[jactantia, Lat.] 



IYi JACOBINIZE*. jak'-o-bln-lze. r. a. To infect 

will) Jacobinism. Burke. 
JACOBITE**. jak'-O-bke. n.s. One of a sect of 

hereticks. who wen? anciently a branch of the 

Eutychians, and are still subsfsting in the Levant. 
White. One attached to the cause of kin? James 

the Second after his abdication, and toliis line. 
Taller. 
JA COBITE*. jak'-o-bite. a. Of the principles of 

the Jacobites. Ld. Bolingbroke. 
J A COBITISM*. jak'-6-bIt-Izm. k. s. The principles 

of a Jacobite. 
JACOBLS*. ja-k6'-bfl*. n. s. [Lat.] A gold coin, 

worth twenty-five shillings, so called from king 

James the First of England, in whose reign it was 

struck. L' Estrange. 
JACKSMITH*.jaV-smitff. n.s. A maker of the 

ensrino called ajack. Malone. 
J A CTANCY*, jak'-tau-se. n. 

Boasting. Cockeram. 
JACTITATION. jak-te-uV-shun. n. s. [jactito, 

Lat.] Tossing; motion; restlessness. Harvey. Vain 

boasting. Ibbelson. A term in the canon law for 

a false pretension to marriage. 
To JA CULATE**, jak'-u-late. r. a. [jaculo, Lat.] 

To dart. Cockeram. 
JACULATION, jak-u-la -shun, n. s. [jaculatio, 

Lat.] The act of throwing missive weapons. Dean 

Kin?;. 
JA Cl'LATORY*. jak'-u-la-ttir-e. a. Throwing oui. 

BuUokar. Suddenly darted out ; uttered in short 

sentences; ejaculatorv. Maxims of Mist. Divinity. 
JADE*. jade. n. s. [The etymology doubtful.] A 

horse of no spirit ; a hired horse ; a worthless nag. 

Sidneij. A sorry woman. A word of contempt. 

Spenser. A young woman, in irony. Addison. 
JADE, ja.de. n. s. A species of stone. A species of 

the jasper. Hill. 
To JADE, jade. v. a. To tire ; to harass ; to dispirit; 

to weary. Shak. To overbear ; to crush ; to de- 
grade. Sliak. To employ in vile offices. Shak. 

To ride ; to rule with tyranny. ShaJcspeare. 
To JADE. jade. r. n. To lose "spirit; to sink. South. 1 
J A DERY*, ja'-der-e. n. s. Jactish tricks. Beaumont \ 

and Fletcher. 
JA DISH, ja'-dlsh. a. Vitious; bad; as a horse.! 

Southern. Unchaste ; incontinent. L' Estrange. 
To JAGG*, jag. v. a. [gagau, Welsh, slits or holes.] 

To cut into indentures; to cut into teeth like those 

of a saw. Bacon. 
JAGG, jag. n. s. A protuberance or denticuiation. 

Ran. 
JA GGEDNESS, jag'-ged-nes. 366. 71. s. The state of 

being denticulated; unevenness. Peachum. 
JAGGY, jag'-ge. 383. a. Uneven ; denticulated. 

Addison. 
JAIL *, ja!e. 52, 202, 212. n. s. [geok, or gaiole, Fr.] 

A gaol ; a prison ; a place where criminals are 

confined. S'lakspeare. 
J A ILB1RD, jale'-burd. n. s. One who has been in a 

jail. 
JA ILER, ja'-lfir. n. s. A gaoler; the keeper of a 

prison. Sidney. 
JAKES, jaks. n. s. [of uncertain etymology.] A 

privy. Shakspeare. 
JALAP, jal'-lup. v. s. \Jalovium,\oxv Lat.] A medi- 
cinal purgative drug. Hill. 
liCr' The pronunciation of this word, as if written joilop, 

which Mr. Sheridan lias adopted, is, in my opinion, now 

confined to the illiterate and vulgar. W. 
JAM}, jam. n. s. [not known whence derived.] A 

conserve of fruits boiled with sugar and water. A 

sort of frock for children. Hodges. A thick bed 

of stone, which hinders the work of the lead-miners, 

when they are pursuing the veins of ore. Chamber*. 
To JAM*, jam. v. a. To squeeze closely ; to enclose 

any object between two bodies, so as to render it ; 

immovable. To render firm' bv treading, as cat- 
tle do the land they are foddered on. Grose. 
JAMAICA Pepper*. See Allspice. 
JAMB, jam. 347. n. s. [jamhe. Fr.] Any supporter on 

either side, as the post? of a door. Moxon 



[jambes, Fr.] Armour for th« 



JA MBEUX*. n 
i legs. Drijden. 
JAMBE'E*, jam-bee', n. s. A name formerly for a 

fashionable sort of cane. Taller. 
JAM/*, jane. n. s. A coin of Genoa. Sp&iser. A 
kind o'f fustian; a word still in use. Talbot Ac- 
counts. 
To JANGLE*, jang'-gl. 405. r. «. ^angler, old Fr.] 
To prate ; to talk idly or maliciously. Goicer. To 
• quarrel; to bicker in words. Shakspeare. 
To JA'NGLE, jang'-gl. v. a. To make to sound un- 

tunablv. Shakspeare. 
JA'JXGLE* jang -gl. n. s. [jangle, old FrJ Prate; 
babble. Chawer. Discordant sound. The Mce- 
j viad. 

JA NGLER, jang'-gl-Sr. n. s. A wrangling, chatter- 
ing, noisv fellow ; a prater. Chaucer. 
: JANGLING*, jang'-gl-lng. n.s. Babble ; mere prate. 

1 Tim. i. Dispute; altercation; quarrel. Shuk. 
JANITOR*, jan'-e-t&r.H.s. [Lat.] A door-keeper; 
J a porter. Warton. 

I JA'NIZARYSJan'-ne-zar-e. n.s. [Turkish.] One of 
1 the guards of the Turkish king. Waller. 
! JANI^A RIAN*. jan-e-za -re-an. «. Of the com- 
mand or government of janizaries. Burke. 
J A NNOCK, jan'-nuk. n. s. Oat bread. A northern 

word. 
JANSENISM*, jin'-se-mzm. n.s. The doctrine of 
Cornelius Jansen. bishop of Ypres, in Flanders 
It related chiefly to grace and freewill. 
JANSENTST*, "jan -se-nlst. n.s. One who espouses 

the opinions of Jartsen. Burnet. 
JA'NTY§, jan'-te. a. [from gentil, Fr. or the Teut. 
i jeM.] Showy: fluttering; finical. Hobbes. 
'■■ {£■?= It is highly probable, that, when this word was first 
adopted, it was pronounced as close to the French gen- 
til as possible ; but, as we have no letter in our lan- 
guage equivalent to the French soft g, and as the nasal 
vowel en, when not followed by hard g, c, or h. is not 
to be pronounced by a mere English speaker, (see Es- 
I core,) it is no wonder that the word was anglicised in 
its sound, as well as in its orthography. Mr. Sheridan 
; has preserved the French sound of the vowel in this 
i word and its compound jauntincss, as if written javrn 
I ty and jaicntiness ; but Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and 
Mr. Perry, give the a the Italian sound, as heard in 
i aunt, father, &.c. and this, I imagine, it ought to have. 
; 214. W. 

J JA'NTLNESS, jaiv'-te-nes. n. s. Airiness; flutter; gen- 
teel ness. Addison. 
JANUARY, jan'-nu-ar-e. n. s. \Januarius, Lat.] 
The first month of the year, from Janus, to whom 
it was consecrated. Peacham. 
JAPA'N §, ja-pan'. n. s. [from Japan in Asia.] Work 

varnished and raised in gold and colours. Swift. 
To JAPA'N 7 , ja-pan'. v. a. To varnish, and embellish 
with gold and raised figures. Swift. To black 
and gloss shoes. Gay. , 

] JAPA'NNER, ja-pan'-nSr. n. s. One skilled in japan 

; work. A shoeblacker. Pope. 

! To JAPE-*, jane. v. n. [geipa, Icel.] To jest. 
Chaucer. Ob. f. 

\ To JAPE*, jape. v. a. To cheat; to impose upon. 
[7>eap. Sax.] Chaucer. To sport with ; to wanton 

J with. Oh. T. 

JJAPE*, jape. n. s. [grip, Icel.] A jest ; a trick. 

; Chaucer. Ob. T. 

■ JATER*. ja'-pfir. n.s. A jester ; a buffoon. Chau 

I cer. Ob'fT/ J 

To JAR*, jar. 78. v. n. [eojipe, Sax.] To strike to- 
gether w'ith a kind of short rattle. Dryden. To 
strike or sound untunably and irregularly. Shak. 

I To strike or vibrate regularly; to repeat the same 

j sound or noise. Shak. To clash ; to interfere ; to 

j act in opposition ; to be inconsistent. Milton. To 

I quarrel ; to dispute. Spenser. 

j To JAR*, jar. r. a. To make to jar, or sound un- 

tunablv. Bp. Hall. To shake ; to agitate. 
JAR, jar. n. s. A kind of rattling vibration of sound. 

I Holder. Harsh scund ; discord. Milton. A repe- 
tition of the noise made by the pendulum of a 

I clocL Shak. Clash of interests or opinions. Spen- 

I ser. A state in which a door unfastened mav 
533 





JEE JES 




\iy 559.— Fate, far, fajl, fat;— mi, met;— pine, pto;— 



strike the post ; half opened, [^ynan. Sax.] Swift. 
An earthen vessel. [ farro, Span.] Boyle. 
To J A/RBLE*, jar'-bl. i>. a. To bemire. 
fA'RDES,$r'-dbz.n.s. [Fr.] Hard, callous tumours 
in horses, a little below the bending of the ham on 
the outside. Farrier's Did. 

ro JA'RGLE* jar'-gl. «. n. [jerga, Su. Goth.] To 
emit a shrill or harsh sound. Bp. Hall. 
A'RGONJar'-gun. 166. n.s. [jargon, Fr.] Unin- 
telligible talk ; gabble ; gibberish. Bp. Bramlwll. 

JARGONE'LLE, jar-go-neT. n. s. A species of 
pear. 

J A'RRING* Jar'-rfng. n. s. Quarrel ; dispute. Bur- 
net. 

JA'SHAWK, jas'-hawk. n. s. A young hawk. Ains- 
worth. 

JA'SMINE, jaz'-mfn. 434. n. s. [jasmin, Fr.] A 
creeping shrub with a fragrant flower. Thomson. 

JA'SMINE Persian, n.s. A plant. 

JASP, jasp. ^ • ) n. s. [iaspis, Lat.] A hard 

J A'SPER, jas'-pur. 98. ) stone of a bright, beautiful 
green colour, sometimes clouded with white. Hill. 

JAUM*. See Jamb. 

To JAUNCE*,janse. v. n. [jancer, Fr.] To bustle 
about; to jaunt. Shakspeare. 

JA'UNDICE§Jan'-dis. 142, 214. n.s. [jawiisse, Fr.] 
A distemper from obstructions of the glands of the 
liver, which prevents the gall being duly separated 
by them from the blood. Quincy. 

JA'UNDICED, jan'-dist. 359. a. Infected with the 
jaundice. Pope. 

To JAUNT §, jam. 214, v. n. [jancer, Fr.] To wan- 
der here and there ; to bustle about. Shakspeare. 

JAUNT, jant. n. s. Ramble; flight; excursion. Mil- 
ton. [ /ante, Fr.] The felloe ota wheel. 

JA'UNTINESS, jan'-te-nes. See Jantiness. 

JA'UNTY* SeeJANTY. 

1 './ JA'VEL§, jav'-il. )v.a. To bemire; to soil over 

JABLE$,jab'-bl. S with dirt. 

JA'VEL, jav'-ll. n.s. A wandering or dirty fellow. 
Spenser. 

JA'VELIN, jaV-lin. n.s. [javeline, Fr.] A spear or 
half pike, which anciently was used either by foot 
or horse. Milton. 

JAW § Jaw. 219. n. s. [from chaw.] The bone of the 
mo"th in which the teeth are fixed. Prov. xxx. 
The mouth. Psalm xxii. In low language, gross 
abuse. 
To JAW*, jaw. o. a. To abuse grossly. 

J A' WED*, jaw'-ed, or jaw'd. a. Denoting the ap- 
pearance of the jaws. 'Skelton. 

JA-'WFALL*. jaw'-fall. n. s. Depression of the jaw ; 

figuratively, depression of mincl or spirits. Dr. M. 

Griffith. 

To JAWN*, jawn. v 

Marston. 

JA'WY*, jaw'-e. a. Relating to the jaws. Gayton. 

JAYJa. 220. n.s. [gay, gaey, old Teut.] A bird. 
Spenser. 

JA'ZEL, ja/-zel. n.s. A precious slone of an azure 
or blue colour. Diet. 

JEALOUS §Jel' T l&s. 234, 314. a. [jaloux, Fr.] Sus- 
picious in love. Shak. Emulous; full of compe- 
tition. Dry den. Zealously cautious against dis- 
honour. 1 Kings, xix. Suspiciously vigilant. 2 
Cor. ii. Suspiciously careful. Bacon. Suspicious- 
ly fearful. Wall;: * 
JE'ALOUSLY, if elMfts-le. ad. Suspiciously ; emu- 

lously. Sherwood. 
JE'ALOUSNESS, jelM5s-iies. n. s. The state of be- 
ing jealous; rivalry; suspicion. Kins: Charles. 
JE'ALOUSY, j&l'-lfis-e. a. s. Suspicion in love. 
Suspicious fear. Clarendon. Suspicious 
Shakspea, 



[See Chaun.] To open. 



Spense, 

caution, vigilance, or rival 



To JEER §, jeer. 246. v.n. [Of uncertain etymology.] 
To scoff; to flout ; to make mock. Sliakspeare. 

To JEER, jeer. v. a. To treat with scoffs. Howell. 

JEER, jeer. n. s. Scoff; taunt; biting jest; flout; 
jibe ; mock. Swift. 

JE'ERER, jeer'-r&r. n. s. A scoffer; a scorner ; a 
mocker. B. Jonson. 

JE'ERIN6*,jeer y -mg. n. s. Mockery. Bp. Taylor. 



JE'ERINGLY, jeer'-lng-le. ad. Scornfully; con- 
temptuously; in mock ; in scoff. Derlmm. 
JE'GGET, jeg'-git. n.s. A kind of sausage. Aim- 

worth. 
JEHOVAH §Je-h6'-va. n. s. The proper name of 

God in the Hebrew language. Exod. vi. 
JEJU 7 NE<>, je-jo&r/. a. [jamais, Lat.] Wanting; 
empty; vacant. Bacon. Hungry; not saturated. 
Brown. Dry; unaffecting. Boyle. 
JEJU'NENES'S, je-jodn'-nes. n. s. Penury ; poverty. 
Bacon. Dryness ; want of matter that can engage 
the attention. 
JEJLFNITY*, je-jiV-ne-te. n. s. Barrenness or dry- 
ness of st vie. Bentiey. 
JE'LLIED, jel'-lid. 283. a. Glutinous; brought to a 

state of viscosity. Cleaveland. 
JE'LLY^, jelMe. 7i. s. [gelatinnm, Lat. See Gelly, 
which is the proper orthography.] Any thing brought 
to a state of glutinousness and viscosity. Shak. 
Sweetmeat made by boilingsugar in the gelly. King. 
JE'LLY-BAG*. jel'-le-bag. n. s. A bag through 

which gelly is distilled. Student. 
JE'MMINESS*, jem'-me-nes. n. s. Spruceness. 
JE'MMY*, jem'-me. a. Spruce. A low word. 

Whiter. 
JE'NNETING, jen'-ne-tlng. n. s. [corrupted from 
Juneting, an apple ripe in June.] A species of ap- 
ple soon ripe. Mortimer. 
JE'NNETJen'-nlt.gg.n.s.fSee Genet.] A Spanish 

horse. Prior. 
To JE'OPARD, jep'-p&rd. 256. v. a. To hazard; to 

put in danger. Homilies. 
JE'OPARDER*. jep'-purd-flr. n. s. One who puts to 

hazard. Sherwood. 
JE'OPARDOUS Jep'-pfir-dus. a. Hazardous; dan- 
gerous. Bale. 
JE'OPARDOUSLY*, jep'-p&r-dus-le. ad. In dan- 
ger; dangerously. Huloet. 
JEOPARDY §Jep / -pur-de. n.s. [a corruption of 
feu parti, a game in which the chances are exactly 
evenj Hazard; danger; peril. Spenser. 
To JERK §, jerk. v. a. [£epaeccan, Sax.] To strike 
with a quick, smart blow; to lash. Shak. To 
throw a stone by hitting the arm against the side. 
To JERK, jerK. v. n. To strike up ; to accost eager- 
ly. Dryden. 
JERK, jerk. n. s. A smart, quick lash. Gianville. A 
sudden spring; a quick jolt that shocks or starts. 
B. Jonson. A throw ; a cast. 
JE'RKER*, jeV-kur. n. s. One who strikes with a 

quick, smart blow ; a whipper. Cotgroxe. 
JE'RKIN, jeY-kin. 103. n. s. [cypfcelkin, Sax.] A 

jacket; a short coat; a close waistcoat. SJia&. 
JE'RKIN JeV-khi. n.s. A kind of hawk. Ainsworth. 
JE'RSEY, jer'-ze. n. s. [from the island of Jersey.] 

Fine yarn of wool. Eimis's Old Ballads. 
JERUSALEM Artichoke, je-roS'-sa-lem-Fir'-te- 
tsh6ke. n. s. Sunflower, of which it is a species. 
Mortimer. 
JESS§, jes. n.s. [gect, Fr. ; grtto, Ital.] A short 
strap of leather tied about the legs of a hawk, with 
which she is held on the fist. Shalcspeare. 
JE'SSAMINE jes'-sa-min. 150. n.s. [See Jasmin*,.] 

A fragrant flower. Spenser. 
JE'SSE*, jeV-se. n. s. A large brass candlestick, 
branched into many sconces, hanging down in the 
middle of a church' or choir; so called from the 
similitude of the branches to those of the "arbor 
Jesses," the branch or genealogical tree of Jesse. 
Cowel. 
JE'SSED*,jes'-sed. a. Having jesses on; an heral- 

dick term. 
To JEST $, jest. r. n. [gesticulor, Lat.] To divert or 
make merry by words or actions. Ecclus. viii. To 
play a part in a mask. Shakspeare. 
JEST,j6st. n.s. Any thing ludicrous, or meant only 
to raise laughter. Shak. The object of jests ; 
laughingstock. Shak. Manner of doing or speak- 
ing feigned, not real ; ludicrous, not serious ; 
game ; not earnest. Shak. A mask. Kid. A 
gest ; an action. Sir T. Elyot. 
JE^STER. ies'-tar. 98. ??. s. One given to mern- 
■ £34 



JEW 



JOC 



-n6, mike, i\6r, ndl 5— ti'ibe, tflb, bftll ; — 6TI j — pd&nd 5 — th'm, THis. 



mcnt and pranks. Sluxk. One given to sarcasm. 
Swift. Buffoon ; jackpudding. Spenser. 

JESTING*, jest'-ing. 7i.s. Utterance of sarcasms or 
jests. 

JESTING-STOCK*, jSst'-lng-st&k. ji.s. A laughing 
stock. Googe. 

JE ST1NGLY*, j&st'-ing-li. ad. In jest; with merri- 
ment. Herbert. 

JE'SUIT$* f jeV-Mt. n. s. [Jesuite, Fr.] One of a re- 
ligious and learned order, which presumed to take 
the name of the Society of Jesus. The word, in 
our language, has been applied to men of great 
cunning, craft, and deceit; whence the common 
word Jesuitical. Milton. 

JE'SUfTED*, jeV-u-h-eU a. Conforming to the 
principles of the Jesuits. Dr. White. 

JE'SUITESS*, jeV-u-fl-es. n.s. A woman adopting 
the principles of the Jesuits. By. Hall. 

JESUl / TICAL*,jfa-u-it'-e-kal.>a. Belonging to 

JESUI'TICK*,jez-u-lt'-ik. \ a Jesuit; and 
thence, in our language, equivocating, imposing 
upon. Bp. Hall. 

JESUI'TICALLY* jSz-A-it'-e-kal-le. ad. Craftily. 
Echard. 

JE SLTT1SM*, j<V-u-lt-izm. n. s. The principles and 
doctrine of the Jesuits. South. 

JET $, jet. n.s. [^a^at;, Sax.] A very beautiful fos- 
sil, of a fine deep-black colour. Hill, [jet, Fr.] A 
spout or shoot of water. Blac/cmore. A yard. 
Tusser. Drift; scope. Wyndham. 

To JET, jet. h. n. [jettcr, Fr.] To shoot forward; to 
shootout; to intrude; to jut out. Sluxk. To strut; 
to agitate the body by a proud gait Homilies. To 
jolt ; to be shaken. Wiseman. 

JE'TSAM, jik'-suin 



?. [jetter, Fr.] Goods or 

JE'TSON, jet-sun. ^ other things, which, having 
been cast overboard in a storm, or after shipwreck, 
'are thrown upon the shore, and belong to the lord 
admiral. Bailey. 

JE'TTEE*, jeV-tee. n.s. [jettee, Fr.] A projection 
of part of any building. Florio. A kind of pier; a 
mole projecting into the sea. Smollett. 

JE'TTER*, jet'-t&r. n. s. A spruce fellow; one who 
struts. Cotgrave. 

JE-'TTY, jet'-te. a. Made of jet. Black as jet. 
Brown. 

To JE'TTY*, jet'-te. w. n. To jut. Florio. 

JEW§*,ju. n.s. [from Judah.] A Hebrew; an Is- 
raelite. Addison. — As rich as a Jew. A pro- 
verbial phrase. Pegge. 

JE'WEM, ju'-il. 99. n. s. [jeweelen, Dutch.] Any or- 
nament of great value, used commonly of such as are 
adorned with precious stones. Sha/c. A precious 
stone ; a gem. Sliak. A name of fondness. Sliak. 

JEWEL-HOUSE, or Office, ju'-il-h6use. n. s. The 
place where the regal ornaments are reposited. 
Shakspeare. 

ToJE'WEL*, ju'-il. v.a. To dress or adorn with 
jewels. B. Jonson. 

JEWEL-LIKE*, ju'-ll-llke. a. Brilliant as a jewel. 
S'lafcspeare. 

JE'WELLER, ju'-ll-l&r. 93. n. s. One who trafficks 
in precious stones. Boyle. 

JE'WESS^ju'-e's. n.s. A Hebrew woman. Acts, 
xxiv. 

JE'WlSH*,ju'-ish. a. Denoting a Jew; relating to 
the Jews. Tit. t. 

JE'WISHLY*, ju'-ish-le. ad. In a Jewish manner. 
Donne. 

JE'WISHNESS*, ju'-lsh-nes. ji. s. The religious 
rites of the Jews. Martin. 

JE'WRY*, ju'-re. n. s. Judea. Ps. Ixxvi. A district 
inhabited by Jews ; whence probably the street so 
called in London. Chaucer. 

JEWS-EAR, juze'-eer. n.s. A fungus, tough and 
thin, and, while growing, of a rumpled figure, like 
a fiat and variously hollowed cup. The common 
people cure themselves of sore throats with a de- 
coction of it in milk. Hill. 

JEWS-HARP, juze'-harp. n. s. [ jewtrump, Fr.] A 
kind of musical instrument held between the teeth, 
which gives a sound by the motion of a broad 



spring of iron, which, being struck by the hand, 

plays against the breath. 
JEWS-MALLOW, iAze-mal'-lA. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
JEWS-STONE, juze'-stone. n. s. An extraneous 

fossil, ridged and furrowed alternately, of a pale 

dusky gray, found in Syria. Hill. 
JEWS-TRUMP*. See Jews-Harp. Beaumont 

and Fletcher. 
JE'ZEBELfr.jeV-e-beL n.s. A forward, impertinent 

woman. Spectator. 
JIB$*, jib. n. s. The foremost sail of a ship. 
To JIB*, jib. v. a. To shift a boom-sail from one side 

of the mast to the other. 
To JIBE*. See To Gibe. 
JI'CKAJOG*, jik'-a-j&g. n.s. [a cant word, from 

jog.] A shake ; a push. B. Jonson. 
JPFFY, jlf-fe. n. s. An instant. 
JIG §, jig. n.s. [giga, ltal.] A light, careless dance, 

or tune. Spenser. A ludicrous composition ; a 

ballad ; a song. B. Jonson. 
To JIG, jig. v. n. To dance carelessly ; to dance. 

Milton. 
JIG-MAKER, jig'-ma-kiir. n.s. One who dances or 

plays merrily. Shakspeare. 
JI'GGER*,jfe'-gur. n.s. One that jigs. [In naval 

language.] A machine to hold on the cable, when 

it is heaved into the ship by the revolution of the 

windlass. Chambers. 
JI'GGISH*, jig'-gfsh. a. Disposed or suitable to a 

jig. Habington. 
JI'GGUMBOB, jig'-gflm-bob. n. s. A trinket; a 

knick-knack. Hudibras. 
JILL*, jil. n. s. A contemptuous name for a woman 

See Gill. Kendall. 
JILL-FLIRT*, jil'-flfirt. n. s. A giddy, light, or wan? 

ton woman. Guardian. 
JILT$, jilt- n.s. fe8e$l, $al, Sax.] A woman wh« 

gives her lover hopes, and deceives him. Otway. 

A name of contempt for a woman. Pope. 
To JILT, jilt. i>. a. To trick a man by flattering his 

love with hopes, and then leaving him for another. 

Drifden. 
To JILT, jilt. v. n. To play the jilt ; to practise 

amorous deceits. Congreve. 
JI'MMERS*, jlm'-merz. n. s. Jointed hinges. Bailey. 
JIMP*, jimp. a. Neat; handsome; elegant of shape. 

See Gimp. 
To JI'NGLE§, jlng'-gl. v.n. [same as to gingle.1 

To clink ; to sound with a kind of sharp rattle. 

Shakspeare. 
To JI'NGLE*.j?ng'-gl. v.a. To shake so that a shrill 

noise may be made. Pope. 
JI'NGLE,jing'-gl. 405.n.s. Any clink, or sharp rattle. 

Any thing sounding ; a rattle; a bell. Bacon. 
JFPPO*, jlp'-po. 11. s. [ juppe, Fr.] A waistcoat; a 

jacket; a kind of stays worn by ladies. Descript. 

of the Kingdom of Macassar. 
JOB §, j&b. n. s. [A low word, of which the etymology 

is unknown.] Petty, piddling work ; a piece of 

chance work ; in some places, a piece of labour 

undertaken at a stated price. A low, mean, lu- 
crative, busy affair. A rbuthnot. A sudden stab with 

a sharp instrument. 
To JOB, job. v. a. To strike suddenly with a sharp 

instrument. V Estrange. To drive in a sharp in- 
strument. Tusser. 
To JOB, job. v. n. To play the stockjobber; to buy 

and sell as a broker. Pope. 
JOB'S Tears, }6bz-ie&z'. n.s. An herb. 
JO'BBER. j6b'-bfir. 98. n. s. A man who buys and 

sells stock in the publick funds. Swift. One who 

engages in a low, lucrative affair. Hildrop. One 

who does chancework. 
JO'BBERNOWL,job'-bfir-nole. n.s. [jobhe,F\em. 

and nopl, Sax.] Loggerhead ; blockhead. Marston. 
JO'CKEY, j&k'-ke. 270. n.s. [from Jack, the diminu- 
tive of John, or, as the Scotch, jockey.] A fellow 

that rides horses in the race. Addison. A man that 

deals in horses. A cheat ; a trickish fellow. 
To JO'CKEY, j&k'-ke. 0. a. To justle by riding 

against one ; to cheat ; to trick. 
536 



JOI 



JOR 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat}— mi, met;— pine, p?n 



JOCOSE $, j6-kdse'. a. [Jocosus, Lat.] Merry; 

waggish; given to jest, mi#s. 
JOCOSELY, j6-k6se'-le. ad. Waggishly; in jest; 

in game. Broome. 
JOCOSENESSJo-kose'-nes. ) n.s. Waggery ; mer- 
JOCO'SITYJo-k&s'-e-te. 5 "ment. Brown. 

JOCOSERIOUS*, j6-k6-se'-re-fis. a. [jocus, Lat. 
and serious.] Partaking of mirth and seriousness. 
Green. 

JOCULAR $, jSk'-u-l&r. 88. a. [jocukiris, Lat.] 
Used in jest ; merry ; jocose ; waggish. B. Jon- 
son. 

JOCULA'RITY, jok-a-lai-z-e-le. n.s. Merriment; 
disposition to jest. Brown. 

JO'CULARLY*,jck-u-lar-le. ad. In a jocose way. 
Bp. Lavington. 

JO'CULATOR^jok'-u-la-uV. n.s. [joculator, Lat.] 
A jester; a droll; a minstrel; a kind of strolling- 
player. Stnitt. 

J(yCULATORY*,j6k'-u-la-lur-e. a. Droll; merrily 
spoken. Cockeram. 

JOCUND SJdk'-und. [See Facund.] a. [jocundus, 
Lat.] Merry; gay; airv; lively. Sluikspeare. 

JOCU'NDITY* ji-kan'-de-te.n.s. Gayety; mirth. 
Huloel. 

JOCUNDLY, j6k'-find-le. ad. Merrily; gayly. 
South. 

JOCUNDNESS*, i&k'-und-ne-s. n.s. State of being 
jocund. Sherwood. 

To JOG §, j6g. v. a. [schocken, Dutch.] To push ; 
to shake by a sudden impulse ; to give notice by 
a sudden push. Donne. 

To JOG, jog. v. n. To move by succussation ; to 
move with small shocks like those of a low trot. 
Shak. To travel idly and heavily. Shakspeare. 

JOG, jog. n.s. [from the verb.] A push; a slight 
shake ; a sudden interruption by a push or shake ; 
a hint given by a push. Arbuthnot. A rub ; a small 
stop; an irregularity of motion. Glanville. 

JOGGER, j6g'-gar. 98. 71. s. One who moves heavi- 
ly and dully. Dryden. 

JOGGING* j6g'-gmg. n. s. The act of shaking. 
Spenser. 

To JO'GGLE, j6g'-gl. 405. v. n. To shake. Der- 
ham. 

To JOGGLE*, jog'-gl. v. a. To push. Beaumont 
and Fletcfier. 

JOHN*, j6n. n. s. A word often used in contempt ; 
as, a country John. See Jack. 

JOHN-A-NOKES*, jon'-a-noks'. n. s. A fictitious 
name, made use of in law proceedings ; and, as 
well as that of John-a- Stiles, usually attending it, 
a subject of humorous distinction by several wri- 
ters. Marslon. Spectator. 

JOHNAPPLE, jon'-ap-pl. n. s. A sharp apple. 
Mortimer. 

JOHN-A-STILES*, jdn'-a-stllz'. See John-a- 

NOKES. 

JOHN Dory*. See Doree. 

To JOIN §, join. i). a. [joindre, Fr.J To add one to 

another in contiguity. Isaiah, lviii. To couple; to 

combine. Locke. To unite in league or marriage. 

Dryden. To dash together; to collide; to en- 
counter. 1 Sam. iv. To associate. Acts, viii. To 

unite in one act. Dryden. To unite in concord. 

1 Cor. i. To act in concert with. Dryden. 
7b JOIN, join. v.n. To grow to; to adhere; to be 

contiguous. Acts, xviii. To close ; to clash. Shak. 

To unite with in marriage, or any other league. 

Ezra, ix. To become confederate. Exodus, i. 
JOINDER, joln'-dftr. n. s. Conjunction; joining. 

Shakspeare. [In law.] Joining. Blackstom. 
JOINER, jSW-ur. 98. n.s. One whose trade is to 

make utensils of wood compacted. Bacon. 
JOINERY, j61n / -6r-e. n.s. An art by which several 

pieces of wood are fitted and joined together. 

Moxon. 
JO'INING, joln'-lng. n.s. Hinge; joint. 1 Chron. 

xxii. Juncture. Ecclus. xxvii. 
JOINT, joint, n. s. [jointure, Fr.] Articulation of 

limbs; juncture of movable bones in animal bodies. 

Milton. Hinge ; junctures which admit motion of 



the parts. Sidney. [In joinery.] [jointe, Fr.] 
Straight lines, in joiners' language, is called a. joint. 
that ;s, two pieces of wood are shot or planed. 
Moxon. A knot or commissure in a plant. One 
of the limbs of an animal cut up by the butcher. 
Swift. — Out of joint. Luxated; slipped from the 
socket or corresponding part where it naturally 
moves. Gen. xxiii. Thrown into confusion and dis- 
order; confused. Shakspeare. 
JOPNT,j6int.a. Shared among many. Shak. Unit 
ed ia the same possessions ; as, joint-heirs or co 
heirs. Donne. Combined ; acting together in con 
cert. Milton. 
To JOINT, joint, v. a. To form in articulations. 
Ray. To form many parts into one. Dryden. To 
join together in confederacy. Shak. To divide 
a joint ; to cut or quarter into joints. Dryden. 
JOINTED, jdint'-eU a. Full of joints, knots, or 

commissures. Phillips. 
JOINTER, joln'-tor. 98. n. s. A sort of plane. Mox- 
on. 
JOINTLY, jSmt'-le. ad. Together; not separately. 
Sidney. In a state of union or co-operalion. Dry- 
den. 
JOINTRESS, jdln'-tr^s. n. s. One who holds any 

thing in jointure. Slutkspeare. 
JOINTSTOOL, j6?nt-st66r. n. s. [joint and stool. j 
A stool made not merely by insertion of the feet, 
but bv inserting one part in another. Shalcspeare. 
JOINTURE §,j6ln / -tshare. 461. n.s. [jointure, old 
Fr.] Estate settled on a wife to be enjoyed after 
her husband's decease. Sluikspeare. 
To JOINTURE*, jdln'-tshure. v. a. To endow with 

a jointure. Cowley. 
JOIST §, jdist. n. s. [joindre, Fr.] The secondary 

beam of a floor. Mortimer. 
To JOIST, joist, v. a. To fit in the smaller beams 

of a flooring. 
JOKE $, j6ke. n. s. [101c, Sax. ; jocus, Lat.] A jest ; 

something not serious. Pope. 
To JOKE,j6ke. v.n. [jocor, Lat.] To jest; to be 

merry in words or actions. Gay. 
JO'KER, jd'-kar. 98. n.s. A jester ; a merry fellow. 

Dennis. 
JO'KING*, jo'-kmg. n. s. Utterance of a joke. Mil- 
ton. 
JOKINGLY*, ji'-king-le. ad. In a jesting, merry 

way. 
JOLE§.j61e. n.s. [ciol, or ceole, or #ea$l, Sax.] 
The face or cheek. Collie)'. The head of a fish. 
Howell. 
To JOLL, j6le. v. a. To beat the head against any 

thing; to clash with violence. Shakspeare. 
JOLLILY, j&F-le-le. ad. Gayly; with elevation of 
spirit. Marston. In a disposition to noisy mirth. 
Dryden. 
JOLLIMENT, joF-le-ment. n. s. Mirth; merri- 
ment ; gayety. Spenser. Ob. J. 
JO'LLlNESSJdF-le-nki. )?i. s. Gavety; elevation 
JOLLITY, jol'-le-te. $ of spirit. Sidney. Mer- 
riment; festivity. Sidney. Handsomeness; beauty. 
Parthen. Sacra. 
JO'LLY^jol'-le.a. [/o/*',Fr.] Gay; merry; airy; 
cheerful. Shak. Piump; like one in high health. 
South. Handsome; well-favoured. Spenser. 
JOLLY-BOAT*, j6lMe-b6te. n. s. A term for a 
ship's small boat"; [probably a corruption ofjulle 
Swedish, a yawl.] 
To JOLT §, jolt. v. n. [perhaps from the Swedish 
hjul, a wheel.] To shake as a carriage on rough 
ground. Wilkins. 
To JOLT, jolt. v. a. To shake one as a carriage 

does. Taller. 
JOLT. jolt. n. s. Shock ; violent agitation. Arbidhnol. 
JOLTER*, jole'-tur. n. s. That which shakes or jolts. 

Cotgrare. 
JO LTHEAD, jolt'-heU n. s. [probably from jole.] 

A great head; a dolt; a blockhead. Sluikspeare. 
JONQUPLLE, jfin-kwiK. n. s. [Fr.] A species of 

daffodil. Miller. 
JORDEN,jdr / -dn. 103. n. s. [^op, and ben, Sax.} 
A pot. Sliakspeare. 

536 



JOY 



JUG 



-no, move, ndr, not ; — ti'ibe, tfib, bull ; — 6?1 ; — pound ; — th'm, Tiiis. 



JOSEPH'S Flowers, n. s. A plant. Ainsworth. 

To JO'STLE,i6s'-sl. v. a. 47:2. [jotister, Fr.] To 
justle ; to rush against. 

JOT$, j6t. n. s. \lS>ra.] A point; a little} the 
least quantity assignable. Locke. 

To JOT*, j6t. v. a. To set down ; 10 make a memo- 
randum of. 

JOTTING*, jdt'-dng-. n.s. A memorandum; as, 
cursory joltings. 

JO'UISANCE/j6d'-?s-sanse. n.s. [rejouissance, Fr.] 



Jollity; merriment; festivity. Spenser. Ob. J. 

1, 314. a. [journale, Fr.] 



JO'URjNAL $, jiV-nul. 88 

Daily; quotidian. Spenser. Ob. J. 

JO'URNAL, jfir'-nGl. n.s. A diary; an account 
kept of daily transactions. Hayicard. Any paper 
published daily. 

JOURNALIST, jur'-ntil-lst. n.s. A writer of jour- 
nals. Addison. 

To JOURNALIZE*, jiV-nul-lze. v. a. To enter 
>>i an account of daily transactions. Johnson. 

JOURNEY $,jur'-ne. 270. n.s. [ journee, Fr.] The 
travel of a day. Sliak. Travel by land, distin- 
guished from a voyage or travel by sea. Shuk. 
Passage from place to place. Burnet. 

To JOURNEY, jiV-ne. v. n. To travel ; to pass 
from place to place. Numbers, x. 

JO URNEYMAN, jfir'-ne-man.'SS. n.s. [journee, Fr. 
and /nan.] A hired workman ; formerly a work- 
man hired by the day ; but now it is used of those 
that covenant to work in their occupation with an- 
other bv the year. Coivel. 

JOURNEY WORK, jfir'-ne-wurk. n.s. Work per- 
formed for hire ; work done by the day. Arbuth- 
not. 

JOUST §, just. 314. n.s. [joust, Fr.] Tilt; tourna- 
ment; mock fight. Spenser. See Just. 

To JOUST, just. t>. n. [jouster, Fr.] To run in the 
tilt. Spenser. 

JOVIAL §, j6'-ve-al. 88. a. [ jovialis, Lat.] Under 
the influence of Jupiter. Brown. Gay; airy; mer- 
ry ; cheerful. Spenser. 

JO'VIALIST*, j6'-ve-al-ist. n.s. One who lives jo- 
vially. Bp. Hall. 

JOTIALLYJi'-ve-al-e. ad. Merrily; gayly. Bur- 
ton. 

JO VI ALNESS, j6'-ve-al-nes. n. s. Gayety ; merri- 
ment. Hewnt. 

JOVIALTY*, jo'-ve-al-te. n. s. Merriment ; festivi- 
ty. Barrow. 

JOWL*. SeeJoLE. 

JO'WLER, jole'-ur. 98. n. s. The name of a hunt- 
ing dog- or "beagle. Dry den. 

JO'WTER, jo'-tfir. n. s. A fish-driver. Carew. 

JOY $, joe. 229,329. n.s. [joye, Fr.] The passion 
produced by any happy accident ; gladness ; exul- 
tation. South. Gayety; merriment; festivity. Dnj- 
den. Happiness; felicity. SJiak. A term of fond- 
ness. SJiakspeare. 

To JOY, joe. v. n. To rejoice ; to be glad; to exult. 
Spenser. 

To JOY, jos. v. a. To congratulate; to entertain 
kindly. Prior. To gladden ; to exhilarate. Sid- 
ney, [jouir de, Fr.] To enjoy ; to have happy 
possession of. Milton. 

JO'YANCE.jde'-anse.n.s. [ joiant, old Fr.] Gayety; 
festivitv. Spenser. Ob. J. 

JOYFUL, joe'-ful. a. Full of joy; glad; exulting. 
1 Kings, viii. 

JOYFULLY, jSe'-ful-e. ad. With joy; gladly. 
Wake. 

JOYFULNESS, joe'-ful-nik n. s. Gladness ; joy. 
Deui. xxviii. 

JO'YLESS, jde'-les. a. Void of joy; feeling no 
pleasure. Shak. Giving no pleasure. Milton. 

JO'YLESSLY*, joe'-les-Te. ad. Without receiving 
pleasuie ; without giving pleasure. 

JOYLESSNESS*, j6e'-7es-nes. n.s. State of being 
joyless. Donne. 

JO'YOUSJoe'-us. 314. a. [joious, old Fr.] Glad; 
gay; merry. Spenser. Giving joy. Spenser. 

JOYOUSLY*, joe'-us-le. ad. With joy; with glad- 
ness. Sir T. Elyot. 

63 



JOVOUSNESS*, jde'-fis-nes. n. s. State of being 

^'oyous. 
ll*.jftb. n.s. [perhaps for jug.] A bottle; a ves 
sel. Chaucer. 

JU'BILANT$, iu'-be-lant. a. [jubilans, Lat.] Ut- 
tering songs of triumph. Milton. 

JUMLA'TIONJu-be-la'-shfin.ri. 5. [jubilatio, Lat.] 
The act of declaring triumph. Bp. Hall. 

JU'BILEE, jiV-be-le. n. s. [jubile, Fr. ; jubilum, 
Lat.] A publick festivity; a time of rejoicing; a 
season of joy. Milton. 

JUCU'NDlTYju-kun'-de-te. n.s. [jucunditas, Lat.] 
Pleasantness; agreeableness. Brown. 

JUDA'ICAL ^Ju-da'-e-kal. a. [from Judah.] Jew- 
ish ; belonging to the Jews. Bp. Home. 

JUDA'ICALLY* ju-da'-e-kdl-le. ad. After the Jew- 
ish manner. Milton. 

JU DAISM*, jiV-da-km. n. s. The religion of the 
Jews. Bp. Cosin. 

To JU'DAIZE, ju'-di-lze. t;. n. To conform to the 
manner of the Jews. Sandys. 

JUDAIZER*. ju'-da-i-zur. n. s. One who conforms 
to the manners or rites of the Jews. Bp. Burnet. 

JUDAS Tree, ju'-das-tre. n. s. A plant. Mortimer 

JU'DDOCK*, jiid'-duk. n. s. A small snipe, bv 
some termed the jack snipe. 

JUDGE §, judje. 11. s. [juge, Fr. ; judex, Lat.] One 
who is invested with authority to determine any 
cause or question, real or personal. Gen. xviii. 
One who presides in a court of judicature. Shaic. 
One who has skill sufficient to 'decide upon the 
merit of any thing. Sherlock. 

To JUDGE, j&dje. v.n. [juger, Fr.] To pass sen- 
tence. Gen. xvi. To form or give an opinion. 
Milton. To discern; to distinguish; to consider 
accurately. Job, xxii. 

To JUDGE, judje. v. a. To pass sentence upon ; to 
examine authoritatively ; to determine finally. 
Milton. To pass severe censure; to doom se- 
verely. Psalm ex. 

JUDGEiMENT, judje'-ment. n. s. [jugement, Fr.] 
The power of discerning the relations between one 
term or one proposition and another. Locke. Doom;, 
the right or power of passing judgement. Shak. 
The e.ct of exercising judicature. 2 Kings, xxv. 
Determination ; decision. Glanville. The quality 
of distinguishing propriety and impropriety; criti- 
cism. Dennis. Opinion ; notion. Shak. Sentence 
against a criminal. Milton. Condemnation. This 
is a theological use. Rom. v. Punishment inflicted 
by Providence, with reference to some particular 
crime. Addison. Distribution of justice. Arts, xviii 
Judiciary law ; statute. Deut. vii. The last doom. 
Shakspeare. 

JUDGER, judje'-iir. 98. n. s. One who forms judge 
ment, or passes sentence. Bale. 

JUDGESHIP*, judje'-shfp. n. s. Office or dignity of 
a judge. Barrow. 

JUDICATIVE*, jiV-de-ka-tiv. a. Having power to 
judge. Hammond. 

JUDICATORY, ju'-de-ka-uir-e. 512. n.s. [judicio, 
Lat.] Distribution of justice. Clarendon. Court of 
justice. Atterlrury. 

JUDICATORY*, ju'-de-ka-tur-e. a. Distributing 
justice; judicially pronouncing. Pearson. 

JUDICATURE, jiV-de-ka-ture. n.s. [judicature, 
Fr.] Power of distributing justice. Bacon. Court 
ofjustice. South. 

JUDPCIAL §, ju-dlsh'-al. 88. a. [judicium, Lat.] 
Practised in the distribution of publick justice. 
Bentley. Inflicted on as a penalty. South. 

JUDICIALLY, ju-dish'-al-e. ad. In the forms of le- 
gal justice. Grew. 

JUDPC1ARY, ju-dish'-ar-e. a. [judiciarius, Lat.] 
Passing judgement upon any thing. Hakewill. 

JUDFClOUSSJiVdlsh'-us. a. [judicieux, Fr.] Pru- 
dent; wise ; skilful. Milton. 

JUDPCIOUSLY, ju-dfsh'-us-le. ad. Skilfully ; wise- 
ly ; with just determination. Dryden. 

JUDICIOUSNESS*, ju-dish'-tis-nes. n.s. State or 
quality of being judicious. 

JUG, jug. n. s. [jugge, Dan.] A large drinking 
637 



- 



JUM 
















JUR 


IT? 559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fill, 


f&t;- 


— me, 


meH;- 


— pine 


pni ;— 



vessel, with a gibbous or swelling- belly. Shak- 
speare. 
To JUG*, jug. v. n. To emit or pour forth a par- 
ticular sound, as we still say of certain birds. Par- 
iheneia Sacra. 
To JUGGLE §, jctg'-gl. »•»• [pugkr or jongler, 
Fr.] To play tricks by sleight of hand. Digby. To 
practise artifice or imposture. Shakspeare. 

JU'GGLE, jfig'-gl. 405. 7i. s. A trick by legerdemain. 
An imposture ; a deception. Tillotsoji. 

JU'GGLER, jug'-gl-fir. 98. n. s. One who practises 
sleight of hand } one who deceives the eye by nim- 
ble conveyance. Shak. A cheat; a trickish fel- 
low. Shakspeare. 

JU'GGLING^jfig'-gl-mg. n.s. Deception; impos- 
ture. Blount. 

JU'GGLINGLY, jfig'-gl-fng-le. 410. ad. In a de- 
ceptive manner. 

JU GULAR, jiV-gu-lar. 88. a. [jugulum, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the throat. Wiseman. 

JUICE £ juse. 342. n. s. [jus, Fr. • juris, Dutch.] The 
liquor, 'sap, or water, of plants and fruits. Watts. 
The fluid in animal bodies. B. Jonson. 

To JUICE*, juse. v. a. To moisten. Fuller. 

JU'ICELESS, juse'-le's. a. Dry; without moisture. 
More. 

JUICINESS, jiV-se-nes. n. s. Plenty of juice ; suc- 
culence. Shericood. 

JU'ICY, jiV-se. a. Moist; full of juice; succulent. 
Bacon. 

JUISE*, juse. n. s. [juisium, low Lat, from jus.'] 
Judgement ; justice. ' Goiver. Ob. T. 

JU'JUB, ju'-jub. )n.s. A plant, whose fruit is 

JU'JUBES, jiV-jubz. ) like a small plum, but has 
little flesh upon the stone. Miller. 

To JUKE, juke. v. n. [jncher, Fr.] To perch upon 
any thing, as birds. Juicing denotes any complai- 
sance by bending of the head. U Estrange. 

JU'LAPJu'-lap. 88. n.s. [julapium, low Lat.] An 
extemporaneous form of medicine, made of simple 
and compound water sweetened, serving for a ve- 
hicle to other forms not so convenient to take alone. 
Quincij. 

JUDIAN*, ju'-le-an. a. Denoting the old account of 
the year, so called from Julius Ceesar, and used 
among us in England till 1752; when the Gregori- 
an was adopted. Gregorij, 

JU'LUS, ju'-lfls. n.s. [j'ouAo?.] Those long, worm-like 
tufts or palms, as they are called in willows, which, 
at the beginning of the year, grow out, and hang 
pendular down from hazels, walnut-trees, &c. 
Miller. 

JUDY, ju-ll'. n. s. [Julius, Lnt.;juil let, Fr.] The 
month anciently called quintilis, 'or the fifth from 
March, named Jidij in honour of Julius Ceasar ; 
the seventh month from January. Spenser. 

JULY-FLOWER*, jiMe-fM'-ur. n. s. What is 
commonly called the gilbijloiver, B. Jonson. 

JU MART, ft-mlri. n.s. [Fr.] The mixture of a 
bull and a mare. Locke. 

To JU'MBLE §,jum'-bl. 405. v. a. [in Chaucer jom- 
bre, from combler, Fr.] To mix violently and confu- 
sedly together. Locke. 

To JU'MBLEJ&m'-M. v. n. To be agitated toeeth- 
er. 8wM. 

JU'MBLEJ&m'-bl. n.s. Confused mixture ; violent 
and confused agitation. Glanville. 

JUMBLE'MENT*, jum'-bl-ment. n. s. "Confused 
mixture. Hancock. 

JU'MBLER*, j&m'-bl-ur. n. s. One who mixes things 
together confusedly and disorderly. Sherwood. 

JU'MENT, jiV-me'nt. n.s. [Fr. ; jumentum, Lat.] 
Beast of burthen. Burton. 

To JUMP §, jump. v.n. [gumpen,Teut.] To leap; to 
skip ; to move without step or sliding. Shak. To 
leap suddenly. Collier. To jolt. Nali.iii. To agree; 
totally; to join. Shakspeare. 

To JUMP, jump. v. a. To venture on inconsiderate- 
ly; to risk; to hazard. SJiakspeare. 

JUMPS, j&mp. ad. Exactly ; nicely. Hooker. Ob. J. 

JUMP, jump. n.s. The act of jumping ; a leap; a 
skip ; a bound. Locke. A chance ; hazard. Shak. 



| U U P S > Fr.] A waistcoat; a kind of loose or limber 
stays worn by sickly ladies. By. Taylor. 

JU'MPER*, jtW-pfir. n.s. One that jumps or leaps. 
Brevinl. 

JU'NCATE, jung'-k?t. 91, 408. n. s. [gioncata, Ital. ; 
joncade, Fr.] Cheesecake ; a kind of sweetmeat of 
curds and sugar. Milicm. Any delicacy. Spenser. 
A furtive or private entertainment. See Junket. 

JU'NCOUS, jfing'-k&s. a. [junceus, Lat.] Full of 
bulrushes. 

JUNCTION jfing'-shnn.n.s. [jonction, Fr.] Union: 
coalition. Addison. 

JUNCTURE, jungk'-tshure. 461. n. s. [junclura, 
Lat.] The line al which two things are joined to- 
gether. Boyle. Joint; articulation. More. Union; 
amity. It. Charles. A critical point or article of 
time. Addison. 

JUNE, june. n.s. [Juin, Fr. ; Jwm'?«, Lat.] The sixth 
month from January. Peacham. 

JUNIORS, jiV-ne~5r. 166. a. [Lat.] One younger 
than another. Swift. 

JUNIO'RITY* ju-ne-or'-e-te. n. s. State of being 
junior. Bullokar. 

JU'NIPER, jiV-ne-pur. 98. n.s. [juniperus, Lat.] A 
tree Wiseman. 

JUNK, jfingk. 408. n.s. [probably an Indian word.] 
A small ship of China, and sometimes used for a 
large ship. Baron. Pieces of old cable. 

JU'NKETSJung'-kft. 99,408. n.s. [probably Jun- 
cale.] A sweetmeat. Shak. A stolen entertain- 
ment. 
To JUNKET, jung'-k?t. v.n. To feast secretly ; to 
make entertainments by stealth. Swift. To feast. 
South. 

'JU'NTA*, jfin'-ta. ? n. s. [Spanish.] A cabal ; men 

JU'NTOjjun'-^. ) combined in any secret design. 
South. A congress of statesmen; a council. Towns- 
end. 

JU'PITER*, jiV-pe-tur. n. s. One of the planets. 
Adams. 

JUPPO'N, jup-p6n'. n.s. [jupon.Fr.'] A short, close 
coat. Dryden. 

JUDATS.ju'-rat. n. s. [juratus, Lat.; jure, Fr.] A 
magistrate in some corporations, but originally any 
person sworn to a particular purpose, juratus. Sir 
T. Elyot. 

JURATORY, ju'-ra-lur-e. 512. a. Comprising an 
oath. Ayliffe. 

JURIDICAL S, ju-rfd'-de-kal. a. [juridicus, Lat.] 
Acting in the distribution of justice. Milton. Used 
in courts of justice. Hale. 

JURIDICALLY, ju-rM'-de-kal-e^. ad. With legal 
authority ; according to forms of justice. 

JURISCONSULT, ju-rls-kon'-sult. n. s. [juris 
consultus, Lat.] One who gives his opinion in cases 
of law. Arbuihnot. 

JURISDICTIONS ju-ris-dlk'-shfin. n. s. [jurisdic 
Ho, Lat.] Legal authority; extent of power. Hooker 
District to which any authority extends. 

JURISDICTIONAL*, ju-ris-dlk'-shun-al. a. Ac- 
cording to legal authority. Barrow. 

JURJSDrCTWE^ju-r'fs-dik'-tiv. a. Having juris 
diction. Milton. 

JURISPRUDENCES, ju-ris-pru'-dense. n. s. [Fr.; 
jurisprudentia, Lat.] The science of law. Black- 
stone. 

JURISPRUDENT*, ju-rls-priV-de^nt. a. Under- 
standing law. West. 

JU'RISTJiV-rlst. 7i. s. [juriste, Fr.] A civil law- 
yer ; a man who professes the science of the law ; 
a civilian. Bacon. 

JL T/ ROR, ju'-rur. 166. n. s. [juro, Lat.] One that 
serves on the jury. Spenser. 

JU'RY §, ju'-re. n. s. [jurata, Lat. ; juree, Fr.] A 
company of men, as twenty-four or twelve, sworn 
to deliver a truth upon such evidence as shall be 
delivered them touching the matter in question 
Cowel. 

JU'RYMAN, ju'-re-man. 88. n.s. One who k empan 
nelled on a jury. Pope. 

JU RYMAST, jiV-re-mast. n. s. Perhaps dure'emast 
mat de durie, a mast made to last for the present oc 
538 



JUS 



JYM 



— n6, move, nfir, not;— tube, t&b, bull;— oil:— pflfind;— tk\n, this. 



casion. So the seamen call whatever they set up 

in the room of a mast lost in a fight, or by ii storm. 
Harris 
JUST§,jdst. a. [Justus, Lat.] Upright 5 incorrupt ; 
equitable in the distribution of justice. Dryaen. 
Honest ; without crime in dealing with others. Lev. 
xix. Exact; proper; accurate. Drydeii. Virtu- 
ous; innocent; pure. Job. ix. True"; not forged. 
Hooker. Grounded on principles of justice ; right- 
ful. Milton. Equally retributed. Heb. ii. Complete 
without superfluity. Bacon. Regular ; orderly. 
Addison. Exactly proportioned. Shak. Full ; of 
full dimensions. Knolles. 
JUST, just. ad. Exactly ; nicely ; accurately. Sidney. 
Merely ; barely. L' Estrange. Nearly; almost. 
Temple. 
JUST I, just, n. s. [jouste, Fr.] Mock encounter on 

horseback. See Joust. Sidney, 
To JUST,just. v. ?i. To engage in a mock fight; 

to tilt. To push ; to drive 5 to jusfle. 
JUSTICE §, jets -Us. 142. ?i. s. [justilia, Lat.] The 
virtue by which we give to every man what is his 
due. Locke. Equity ; agreeableness to right. Vin- 
dicative retribution ; punishment. Dent, xxxiii. 
Right ; assertion of right. ShaJc. [justicianus, 
Lat.] One deputed by the king to do right by way 
of judgement Coicel.'— Justice of the King's Bench. 
[justiciai~ius de Banquo Regis.'] Is a lord by his 
office, and the chief of the rest; wherefore he is also 
called capitalis justiciarius Angliae. His office is 
to hear and determine all pleas of the crown, such 
as concern offences committed against the king, 
and all personal and real actions. Coicel. Justice 
of the Common Pleas, [justiciarius Ccmnnunimn 
pLacUorum.~] Is a lord by his office, and is called 
donwius justiciarius communium placitorum. He 
originally determined all causes at the common 
law; that is, all civil causes between common per- 
sons, as well personal as real ; for which cause it 
was called the court of common pleas, in opposi- 
tion to the pleas of the crown. Cowel. j7/stice of 
the Forest, [justiciarius Forestae..] Is a lord by his 
office, and hears and determines all offences with- 
in the king's forest, committed against venison or 
vert : of these there are two : the one has jurisdic- 
tion over all the forests on this side Trent, and the 
other of al! beyond. Cowel. Justices of Assize, 
[justlciarii ad capiendas Assisas.~\ Are such as 
were wont, by special commission, to be sent into 
this or that county to take assizes. Coicel. Justices 
in Eijre. [justiciarii iliner antes.] Are so termed 
of the French, erre, iter. These, in ancient time, ! 
were sent with commission into divers counties, to 
hear such causes, especially, as were termed the 
pleas of the crown, for the ease of the subjects, who 
must else have been hurried to the King's Bench. 
Coicel. Justices of Gaol Delivery, [justiciarii ad 
Gaolas deliberandas.] Are such as are sent to deter- 
mine all causes appertaining to such as for anyoffence 
are cast into gaol. Coicel. Justices of Nisi Prius 
are now the same as justices of assize. Cowel. 
Justices of Peace. [justicia7~ii ad Pacem.] Are ap- 
pointed by the king's commission, to attend the 
peace of the county where they dwell ; of whom 
some are made of the quorum, because business of 
importance may not be dealt in without the pres- 
ence of one of them. Coicel. 
To JUSTICE, jus'-tfs. v. a. To administer justice. 

Bacon. 
JU'STICE ABLE*, jus'-tls-a-bl. a. Liable to account 

in a court of justice. Hayward. 
JUSTICEMENT, josMls-ment n. s. Procedure in 

courts. 
JUSTICER, jvV-t?s-ur. n. s. Administrator of jus- 
tice. Bp. Hall. An old word. 
JUSTICESHIP, jus'-tfs-ship. n. s. Rank or office 
ofustice. Sioifl. 



JUSTICIABLE, jus-fish'-e-a-bl. 542. a. Proper to 
be examined in courts of justice. 

JUSTICIARY*, jus-fjsh'-e-ar-e. n.s. [justiciarius, 
low LaL] An administrator of justice. Burke. One 
who boasts the justice of his own action; a self- 



JU 



ppointed judge. Bering. 
k sTlFJABLEsSjus'-te-fS-i-bl.405. 



a. [from justi 



fii.] Defensible by law or reason. Milton. 

JUSTIFIABLENESS,jusMe-fl-a-bl-nes.7t.s. Rec- 
titude ; possibility of being fairly defended. King 
Charles. 

JUSTIFIABLY, jus'-le-fl-a-ble. ad. Rightly; so as 
to be supported by right. Locke. 

JUSTIFICATIONS, jfis-te-fe-ka'-shun. »■ 5 - U us ' 
lifcatio, low Lat. J Absolution. Shak. Defence; 
maintenance ; vindication ; support. Swift. Deliv- 
erance by pardon from sins past. Hammond. 

JU'STIFICATIVE*.jas-dF-e-ka-fiv. 512. a. Having 
power to justify {justifying. Cotgrave. 

JUSTIFICATOR, jus-te-fe-ka'-tfir. 521. n, s. One 
who supports, defends, vindicates, or justifies. 

JUSTIFlER,j6s'-te-fl-5r. 98. n.s. One who justi- 
fies ; one who defends or absolves ; one who frees 
from sin by pardon. Rom. iii. 

To JUSTIFY yiV-te-fl. 183. v. a. [justifer , Fr.; 
justifico, low Lat.] To clear from imputed guilt : 
to absolve from an accusation. St. Matt. xi. To 
maintain; to defend; to vindicate. Sidney. To 
free from past sin bv pardon. Acts. xiii. 

To JU/STLEJJ&s'-sl. 405, 472. v. n. [just,jouster, 
Fr.] To encounter ; to clash ; to rush against each 
other. Sliakspeare. 

To JUSTLE, j&s'-sl. 405. v. a. To push ; to drive 5 
to force by rushing against it. Broini. 

JUSTLE*, jus' -si. n. s. Shock ; slight encounter. 
Beaumont o:nd Fletcher. 

JUSTLING* jus'-sl-'mg. n. s. Shock ; the act of rush- 
ing against each other. Woodward. 

JUSTLY, jfist'-le. ail. Uprightly; honestly; in a just 
manner. South. Properly ; exactly ; accurately. 
Dmden. 

JUSTNESS, jiist'-nes. n.s. Justice; reasonable- 
ness ; equity. Spenser. Accuracy ; exactness ; pro- 
priety. Dryden. 

To JUT$,jfit. v. n. [perhaps froiu/rt.] See To Jet. 
To push or shoot into prominences; to come out 
beyond the main bulk. Wotton. To run against ; 
to butt. Mason. 

To JU'TTY, jut'-te. v. a. To shoot out beyond, 
Shakspeare. 

To JU'TTY*, jut'-te. v.n. To jut. 

JU'TTY*, jut' -te. n. s. That part of a building which 
shoots forward beyond the rest. SeeJETTEE. Shak, 
A kind of pier; a'mole projected into the sea. Acts 
1 Edic, VI. 

JUT-WINDOW*. jut'-win-d6. n.s, A window jut- 
ting from a building. Congreve. 

JU'VENTLE?, ju'-ve-nll. 145. a. [juvenilis, Lat.] 
Young; yoiuhfcl. Bacon. 

5CT Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, ar.d Mr. Perry, pronoonce the 
i short in the last syllable of this word; and Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Mr. Buchanan, and W. Johnston, .make it long 
The former mode is, in my opinion, the more correct 
If it should be urged, that the i is long in the Latin 
juvenilis, it may be answered, that the same letter is 
long in the Latin hostllis, servllis, and subt.Uis, and yet 
the i in hostile, sf.rvile, and subtile, is by Mr. Sheridan 
marked short. W. 

JUVENPLITY, ju-ve-nll'-e-te. n. s. Youthfulness. 

Glarwille. Light and careless manner. Gla7i- 

ville. 
JUXTAPOSITION, jfiks-ta-p6-z?sh'-fin. n.s. [jux- 

ta and positio, Lat.] Apposition ; die act of placing 

together; the state of being placed by each other. 

Glanvilk. 
JY'MOLD. SeeGiMMAL. 



KEE 



KEG 



[TJ'559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin 3- 



K 



A letter borrowed by the English from the 
• Greek alphabet. It has, before all the vow- 
els, one invariable sound : as, keen, ken, kill. It is 

used after c, at the end of words : as, knock, clock, 

&c. It likewise ends a word after a diphthong : 

as, look, break, shook, leek. The English [should] 

never use c at the end of a word. K is silent in 

the present pronunciation before n : as, knife, knee, 

knell. 399,400. 
To KABO'B*. See To Cabob. 
KAIL*, kale. n. s. [capl, Sax. See Cole.] A kind 

of cabbage. Johnson. 
KA'LENDAR§, kal'-en-dur. 98. n. s. [now written 

calendar.'] An account of time. Shakspeare. 
To KALENDAR*, kal'-en-dur. v. a. To enter in 

the calendar. Hooker. 
KA'LENDER*, kal'-en-dur. n.s. A sort of dervise. 
KA'LI, ka'-le. n.s. [Arabick word.] Sea-weed, of 

the ashes of which glass was made ; whence the 

word alkali. Bacon. 
KA'LLIGRAPHY*, kal-lig'-ra-fe. n. s. Beautiful 

writing. See^ Calligraphy. 
KA'LMiA*, kal'-me-a. n.s. An ever-green plant. 

Mason. 
KA'LOYER*,kal'-6-yur. n.s. A monk of the Greek 

church. See Caloyer. 
KAM, kam. a. Crooked. 
KANGARO'O*, kang-ga-rSo'. n. s. An animal of 

South Wales. Hawkesworth. 
To KAW §, kaw. v. n. [from the sound.] To cry as 

a raven, crow, or rook. Locke. 
KAW, kaw. n.s. The cry of a raven or crow. 

Dry den. 
KAYLE, kale. n. s. [yuille, Fr.] Ninepins ; kettle- 
pins, of which skittles seems a corruption. Carew. 

A kind of play, still retained in Scotland, in which 

nine holes ranged in threes are made in the ground, 

and an iron bullet rolled in among them. 
To KECK, kek. v.n. [kecken, Dutch.] To heave the 

stomach ; to retch at vomiting. Bacon. 
To KE'CKLE,kek'-kl. v. a. [perhaps from kughelen, 

Tent.] To defend a cable round with rope. Ains- 

worth. 
KE'CKSY, kek'-se. n. s. [commonly kex, cigue, Fr.] 

Hemlock. Shakspeare. 
KE'CKY, kek'-ke. a. [from kex.] Resembling a 

kex. An Indian sceptre. Grew. 
To KEDGE, kedje. v. a. [Icaghe, Dutch.] To bring 

a ship up or down a narrow river, against the 

wind. Harris. 
KE'DGER, kgd'-jfir. n.s. [from hedge.] A small 

anchor used in a river. A fish-man. Grose. 
KE'DLACK, ked'-lak. n. s. A weed among corn ; 

charlock. Tusser. 
KEE, the provincial plural of cow, properly kine. Gay. 
KEECH*, keetsh. n.s. [caicchio, Ilai.] A solid lump 

or mass. Bp. Percy. 
KEEL§, keel. 246. n. s. [ccele, Sax.] The bottom of 

the ship. Dryden. 
To KEEL, keel. v. a. [celan, Sax.] To cool; to 

render cool. Gower. 
To KEEL*, keel. v.n. To become cold ; to lose 

spirit. Gowe 
KE'ELAGE*, keel'-ldje. n. s. [from keel.] Duty paid 

for a ship coming into the port of Hartlepool. 

Blonnt. 
KE'ELFAT, keel'-vat. n.s. [ccelan, Sax. and fat, or 

vat.] Cooler ; tub in which liquor is let to cool. 
KEE'LING*, keel'-mg. n.s. A kind of small cod, 

whereof stockfish is made. Cotgrave. 
KEELS, the same with kayles ; which see. 
KEE'LSON, keel'-sim. 166. n.s. The next piece of 

timber in a ship to her keel. Harris. 
To KE'ELHALE,keel'-bale. [keel'-hawl Sheridan, 
Perry, and Jones.] v. a. [keel and hale.] To punish 
in the seamen's way, by dragging the criminal | 
under water on one side of the ship and up again 
on the other. 
TfCF" This word is more generally, though less properly, 
pronounced keelhawl. — See To Hale. W. 

KEEN$, keen. 246. a. [cene, kene, Sax.] Sharp; 
well-edged ; not blunt. Shak. Severe ; piercing. 



Spenser. Eager; vehement. Milton. Acrimoni- 
ous ; bitter of mind. Shakspeare. Sharp ; acute of 
mind. 

To KEEN, keen. v. a. To sharpen. Thomson. 

KEE'NLY, keen'-le. ad. Sharply; vehemently; ea- 
gerly; bitterly. 

KE'ENNESS, keen'-ngs. n.s. Sharpness ; edge. Bp. 
Taylor. Rigour of weather ; piercing cold. As- 
perity ; bitterness of mind. Clarendon. Eagerness ; 
vehemence. Soutli. Acuteness of understanding. 

To KEEP §, keep. 246. v. a. [cepan, kepan, Sax. J 
To retain; not to lose. Sidney. To have in cus 
tody. Knolles. To preserve; not to let go. Ex 
xxxiv. To preserve in a state of security. Josh. 
xiv. To protect; to guard. Gen. xxviii. To re- 
strain from flight. Acts, xxviii. To detain, or hold 
as a motive. Dryden. To hold for another. Exod. 
xxii. To tend; to have care of. Gen. ii. To pre- 
serve in the same tenour or state. Bacon. To re- 
gard ; to attend. Dryden. To not suffer to fail. 
Psalm lxxxix. To hold in any state. Locke. To 
retain by some degree of force in any place or 
state. Sidney. To continue any state or action 
Job, xxix. To preserve in any slate. Ecclus. xxvi 
To practise ; to use habitually. Pope. To copy 
carefully. Dryden. To observe or solemnize any 
time. Exod. xii. To observe; not to violate. 1 
IQngs, viii. To maintain; to support with neces- 
saries of life. Milton. To have in the house. 
Shak. Not to intermit. Ecclus. xli. To maintain ; 
to hold. Hay ward. To remain in ; not to leave a 
place. SJiak. Not to reveal ; not to betray. Ec- 
clus. viii. To restrain; to withhold. Boyle. To 
debar from any place. Milton. — To keep back. To 
reserve. To withhold. Jer. xliii. To keep back. To 
withhold ; to restrain. Psalm xix. To keep company. 
To frequent any one ; to accompany. Shak. To 
keep company with. To have familiar intercourse. 
Broome. To keep in. To conceal ; not to tell. 
Shak. To restrain; to curb. Ecclus. xxvi. To 
keep off. To bear to a distance; not to admit. To 
hinder. Locke. To keep up. To maintain with- 
out abatement. Locke. To continue ; to hinder 
from ceasing. Bp. Taylor. To keep under. To 
oppress ; to subdue. Hooker. 

To KEEP, keep. v.n. To care for; to regard. 
Chaucer. To remain by some labour or effort in 
a certain state. Pope. To continue in any place 
or stale ; to slay. Sidney. To remain unhurt ; to 
last. Sidney. To dwell ; to live constantly. Shak. 
To adhere strictly. Addison. — Tolzepon. Togo 
forward. Dryden. To keep up. To continue un- 
subdued. Life of Cleomenes. 

KEEP, keep. n. s. The strongest part of the old cas- 
tles ; the donjon. See Donjon. Sir T. Herbert. 
Custody; guard ; charge; care. Spenser. Guar- 
dianship ; restraint. Ascham. Condition : a collo- 
Suial expression; as, in good keep. 
'EPER, keep'-ur. 98. n. s. A defender ; a pre 
server; one who saves from harm. Psalm cxxi 
One who holds any thing for the use of another 
Sidney. One who has prisoners in custody 
Genesis, xxxix. One who has the care of parks, 
or beasts of chase. Shak. One that has the su 
perintendence or care of any thing. 2 Kings, xxii 

KE EPER of the Great Seal, is a lord by his 
offiee, and called lord keeper of the great seal of 
England, and is of the privy council, under whose 
hands pass all charters, commissions, and grants of 
the king. This lord keeper, by the statute of 5 
Eliz. c. 18. has the like jurisdiction, and all other 
advantages, as the lord chancellor of England. 
Cowel. 

KE'EPERSHIP, keep'-ur-ship. n. s. Office of a 
keeper. Carew. 

KE'EPING*, keep'-fng. n.s. Charge; custody. 1 
Pet. iv. Care to preserve; preservation. South. 
Guard. Spenser. 

KE'EPSAKE*, keep'-sake. n.s. A gifl in token of 
remembrance, to be kept for the sake of the giver. 

KEG, vulgarly kag, properly k£g. n. s. [caque, Fr.] 

A small barrel, commonly used for a fish barrel. 

540 



KER 



KID 



— n6, move, ndr, n&t;— tube, tub, bull; — 611;— pound; — thin, THis. 



KELL $, keM. 77. s. [caul, Welsh.] The omentum ; that 
which inwraps the guts. Wiseman. A child's caul. 
Barrel. The chrysalis of a caterpillar. B. Jon- 
son, 

KELL, kel. 71. s. A sort of pottage. Ainsworth. 

KELP. kelp. 7J. s. A sea-plant 3 a salt produced from 
calcined sea-weed. Boyle. 

KE LPY*, keM'-pe. n. s. A supposed spirit of the wa- 
ters in Scotland ; described as a quadruped, of the 
form of a horse. 

KE LSON, kel'-sun. Ifi6. 71. s. [more properly keel- 
son.] The wood next the keel. Raleigh. 

#Cr A very accurate philologist has informed me, that 
this word is pronounced regularly in the north-west of 
England, keehen : but the very general practice of 
shortening the vowel of the primitive in the compound j 
may justly make us suspect, that, in other parts of the 
kingdom, it is otherwise. 515. W. 

KE'LTER, kel'-tur. n.s. [kelter, Danish.] Order; 
ready or proper state. Barrow. 

To KEMB, ke'mb. v. a. [eoemban. Sax. now written 
to co7nb.] To separate or disentangle by a denticu- 
lated instrument. B. Jonson. 

KEMBO*. SeeKiMBo. 

KE MELIN*. n. s. [«j/«;Xtov.] A brewer's vessel ; 
a tub. Chaucer. 

To KEN §, ken. v. a. [cennan, Sax.] To see at a 
distance ; to descry. Spenser. To know. Sliak. 

jPoKEN*, ken. v.'n. To look round ; to direct the 
eye to or from any object. Burton. 

KEN. ken. n.s. View; reach of sight. Shakspeare. 

KENDAL-GREEN* ken'-dal-green. n.s. "A kind 
of green cloth, made at Kendal, in Westmoreland. 
Shakspeare. 

KENNEL, ken'-nil. 99. 71. s. [chenil, Fr.1 A cot for 
dogs. Sidney. A number of dogs kept in a kennel. 
SliaJc. The hole of a fox or other beast, [kennel, 
Dutch ; chenal, Fr. ; canalis, Lat.] The water- 
course of a street. Bp. Hall. 

KE NNEL Coal*. See Canal Coal. 

To KE'NNEL, ken'-nil. v. n. To lie ; to dwell : used 
of beasts, and of man in contempt. Milton. 

To KE'NNEL*, ken'-nil. v. a. To keep in a kennel. 
Toiler. 

KENNING*, ken'-nlng. 7i.s. View: apparently a 
sea term. Bacon. 

KEPT. kept. pret. and part. pass, of keep. 

KERB*, kerb, n.s. [ceojipan, Sax.] Any edging of 
strong, solid stuff, which serves as a guard to some- 
thing else. Thus the edging of the stone footways 
in London streets is called the kerb-stone. Evelyn. 

KE RCHIEFy, kerMshlf. n.s. [covrecheif, Chaucer; 
couvre, to cover, and chef, the head.] A head dress 
of a woman. Shak. Any loose cloth used in dress. 
Hai/icard. 

KE'RCHIEFED, > , s , . Ufl ( a. Dressed; hood- 

KE'RCHIEFT, \ ker " tsbUU } ed. Milton. 

5CP These words show the propensity diphthongs have 
to drop a vowel, when not under the accent. 208. W. 

KERF, kerf. ??. s. [ceorrpan, Sax.] The sawn-away 
slit between two pieces of stuff. Moxon. 

KE'RMES, keV-mez. n.s. [See Alkermes.] A 
roundish animal body, of the bigness of a pea, and 
of a brownish-red colour. It contains a multitude 
of little, distinct granules, which are soft, and, when 
crushed, yield a scarlet juice. Hill. 

KERN. kern. n.s. Irish fbotsoldier; an Irish boor. 
Spenser. 

KERN §, kern, n. s. [querne, Teut.] A handmill con- 
sisting of two pieces of stone, by which corn is 
ground. A churn. — Kern baby. An image 
dressed up with corn, carried before the reapers to 
their harvest home. 
To KERN, kern. v. n. [probably from kernel, or, cor- 
rupted from corn.] To harden as ripened corn. 
Careic. To take the form of grains ; to granulate. 
Grew. 
KERNELS, keY-nfl. 99. n.s. [cyjinel,Sax.; kerne, 
Teut.] The edible substance contained in a shell. 
Shak. Any thing included in a husk or integu- 
ment. Dennam. rhe seeds of pulpy fruits. Bacon. 
The central part of any thing upon which the am- 



bient strata are concreted. Arbuthnot. Knobby 
concretions in children's flesh. 

To KE'RNEL, kei^-nil. v. n. To ripen to kernels. 
Mortimer. 

KE'RNELLY, kerZ-nil-e. a. Full of kernels ; having 
the quality or resemblance of kernels. Sherwood. 

KE'RNELWORT, ker'-nil-wurt. n.s. An herb. 
A insirorth . 

KE'RSEY, ker'-ze. n.s. [karsaye, Dutch.] Coarse 
stuff. Shakspeare. 

To KERVE $*, kerv. v. a. [ceojipan, Sax.] To cut ; 
to carve. Sir T. Elyot. 

KE'RVER*, keV-vfir. n. s. A carver. Cfiaucer. 

KE'SAR*. ke'-zur. n. s. [Ccesar, Lat.] An emperour. 
Spenser. Ob. T. 

KEST. The preter tense of cast. Spenser. 

KE'STREL, kes'-tril. 99. n.s. A little kind of bas- 
tard hawk. Spemer. 

KETCH, k^tsh. n.s. [caicchio, Ital.] A heavy ship; 
as, a bomb ketch. A vessel with two masts, usually 
from 100 to 250 tons burthen. 

KE'TTLE §, ket'-tl. 405. n.s. [cetl, Sax.] A vessel 
in which liquor is boiled. Dryden. 

KETTLEDRUM, ket'-fl-dram. n.s. [kettle and 
drum.] A drum of which the head is spread over a 
body of brass, or copper. Shakspeare. 

KE'TTLEPINS*, klt'-tl-pinz. n.s. Ninepins; skit- 
tles. Gaijton. 

KEX* keks. ».*. [See Kecksy.] Hemlock. A dry 
stalk. The stem of the teasel. Shellon. 

KEY§, ke. 269. n.s. [cse£, Sax.] An instrument 
formed with cavities correspondent to the wards of 
a lock. Shak. An instrument by which something 
is screwed or turned. Swift. An explanation of any 
thing difficult. Burnet. The parts of a musical instru- 
ment which are struck with the fingers. Richardson. 
[In musick.] A certain tone, whereto every composi- 
tion, whether long or short, ought to be fitted. 
Harris, [kaye, Dutch ; quai, Fr.J A bank raised 
perpendicular for the ease of lading and unlading 
ships. Dryden. [In botany.] The husk contain- 
ing the seed of an ash. Evelyn. 

KE'YCOLD, ke'-k6ld. a. [key and cold.] Lifeless : 
formerly a common expression. Stapleton. Cold. 
Ob. J. 

KE'YAGE, ke'-idje. 90. n. s. Money paid for lying 
at the kev, or quay. Ainsworth. 

KE'YHOLX ke'-h61e. n. s. The perforation in the 
door or lock, through which the key is put. Shak. 

KEYSTONE, ke'-st6ne. n.s. The middle stone of 
an arch. Mcxon. 

KHANE*, kane. n. s. [A Turkish word.] A sort of 
house or place of general reception. Dru7nmond. 

KIBE$, kyibe. [See Gimrd.] n. s. [kerb, Germ.] 
An ulcerated chilblain ; a chap in the heel caused 
by the cold. SJiakspeare. 

Kl'BED, kylb'd. 359. a. Troubled with kibes : as 
kibed heels. 

KI'BY*, kyi'-be. a. Having kibes ; sore with kibes 

Skelton. 
To KICK §, kik. v. a. [kauchen, Germ.] To strike 

with the foot. South. 
To KICK, kik. v.n. To beat the foot in anger or 

contempt. 1 Sam. ii. 
KICK. kik. 77. s. A blow with the foot. Dryden. 
KI'CKER, kik'-kfir. 99. n. s. One who strikes with 

his foot. A wincing horse. Huloet. 
KPCKSHAW, kik'-shaw. n.s. [a corruption from 
quelquechose.] Something uncommon ; fantastical ; 
something ridiculous. Milton. A dish so changed 
by the cookery that it can scarcely be known. Shak. 
KICKSY-WICKSEY, kik'-se-wik'-se. n. s. [from 
kick and wince.] A made word in ridicule and dis- 
dain of a wife. Slvakspeare. 
KID$, kid. n.s. [Danish.] The young of a goat. 
Spenser, [cidweln, Welsh.] A bundle of heath or 
furze. 
To KID, kid. v. n. To bring forth kids. Cotgrave. 
To KID*, kid. v.a. [cySan, Sax.] To discover; to 

show ; to make known. Gower. 
KI'DDED*, kioY-did. a. Fallen as a young kid. 
Cotgrave. 

541 



KIN 



KIS 



EP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m(lt;— pine, pin ;- 



KFDDER, kld'-dflr. 93. n. s. An engrosser of corn 

to enhance its price. Ainsworth. 
KFDDLE* kld'-dl. n.s. [kidellus, low Lat.] A kind 
of wear in a river, to catch fish. Corruptly called, 
in some places, kittle, or kettle. Magna Charta. 
KFDDOW* kld'-d6. n.s. A web-footed bird, called 
also the guillemot or guillem, and the sea-hen, and 
skout. Chambers. 
KFDLING*, ldd'-llng. n.s. A young kid. W. 

Browne. 
To KFDNAP§, k?d'-nap. v. a. [kind, Dutch, a child, 
and nap.] To steal children ; to steal human beings. 
Dnwimond. 
KFDNAPPER, kld'-nip-pur. n.s. One who steals 

human beings ; a manstealer. Spectator. 
KFDNE Y$, kid'-ne. n. s. [qmd, the belly ; and nigh, 
Su. Goth.] Two large glands, which'separate the 
urine from the blood. Quincy. Sort ; kind : in lu- 
dicrous language. Shakspeare. 
KFDNEYBEAN, kld'-ne-bene. n. s. [so named 

from its shape.] A leguminous plant. Mortimer. 
KFDNEYVETCH, kld'-ne-vetsh. ) n. s. Plants. 
KFDNEYWORT, kld / -n6-wurt. \ Ainsworth. 
KIE*. Kine. See also Kee and Ky. 
KFLDERKIN, kll'-der-kln. n. s. [kindekm, Dutch.] 

A small barrel. Bacon. 
To KILL§, kil. v. a. [anciently quell.: cpellan, Sax.] 
To deprive of life ; to put to death, as an agent. 
Exod. xvi. To destroy animals for food. 1 Sam. 
xxv. To deprive of life, as a cause or instrument. 
Bacon. To deprive of vegetative or other motion, 
or active qualities. Bacon. 
KI'LLER, kilMur. n. s. One that deprives of life. 

Sidney. 
KFLLOW, kllM6. 327. n.s. [a corruption of coal and 
low, a flame.] An earth of a blackish or deep blue 
colour. Woodward. 
KILN §, kll. 411. n. s. [cyln, Sax.] A stove ; a fabrick 
formed for admitting heat, in order to dry or burn 
things contained in it. Bacon. 
To KFLNDRY, kll'-drl. v. a. To dry by means of a 

kiln. Mortimer. 
KILT, kilt. part. a. Killed ; hurt ; or wounded. Spen- 
ser, Castle Rackrent. 
KFMBO, klm ; -b6. a. [schembo, Ital.] Crooked ; bent j 

arciied. Dry den. 
KFMNEL*. See Kemelin. 
KIN $, kin. n.s. [cynne, Sax.] Relation either of 
consanguinity or affinity. Bacon. Relatives ; those 
who are of the same race. Shale. A relation 5 one 
related. Davies. The same generical class, though 
perhaps not the same species. Boyle. A diminu- 
tive termination from kind, Dutch, a child : as, 
manikin, minikin, llwmkin, wiUcin. 
KIN*, kin. a. Of the same nature; congenial ; kin- 
dred. Chaucer. 
KIND, kyhd. 160. [See Guilt.] a. [cynne, Sax.] 
Benevolent ; filled with general good "will. South. 
Favourable ; beneficent. St. Luke, vi. 
KIND-HEARTED*, kylnd'-harl'-ed. a. [kind and 

krt.] Having gr^at benevolence. Thomson. 
KIND§, kyind. 92. n.s. [kund, Gothick.] Race; 
generical class. Hooker. Particular nature. Baker. 
Natural state. Bacon. Nature ; natural determina- 
tion. Spenser. Manner ; way. Shakspeare. Sort. 
Bacon. 
KFNDED* kylnd'-ed. part. a. [cennan, Sax.] Begot- 
ten. Spenser. 
To KFNDLE§. kln'-dl. v. a. [cynne, or cynneu, 
Welsh ; hjndell, Goth.] To set on fire ; to light ; to 
make to burn. Is. xliv. To inflame the passions ; 
to exasperate ; to animate ; to fire the mind. Job, 
xix. [ceunan, Sax.] To bring forth. Sluikspeare. 
To KFNDLE, kln'-dl. 405. v. n. To catch fire. Is. 

KFNDLER, klnd'-dl-ur. 98. n. s. One that lights ; 
one who inflames. Gay. 

KFNDLESS^kylnd'-les. a. Unnatural. Shakspeare. 

KFNDLINESS*, kyhid'-le-nes. n. s. Favour ; affec- 
tion ; good will. Sackville. Natural disposition ; 
natural course. Mellon. 

KINDLY, kylnd'-le. a. Homogeneal ; congenial ; 



kindred ; of the same nature. Hammond. Nat 
ural ; fit ; proper. Litany. Bland ; mild ; softening 
Dryden. 

KFNDLY, kylnd'-le. ad. Benevolently ; favourably; 
with good will. Naturally ; fitly. Mir. for Mao-. 

KFNDNESS, kylnd'-nes. ' n. s. Benevolence 3 'be- 
neficence ; good will ; favour ; love. Ecclus. xxxvi. 
Benefit conferred. 

KFNDRED, kln'-dred. n. s. [cynjien. Sax.] Rela- 
tion by birth or marriage ; cognation ; consanguin 
ity; affinity. Dryden. Relation; suit. Shakspeare 
Relatives. Shakspeare. 

KFNDRED, kln'-dred. a. Congenial; related; cog 
nate. Dryden. 

KINE, kylne. n. s. plur. from cow, that is, cowen. B. 
Jonson. 

KING§, king. n. s. [cuning, or cijning, Teut.] Mon- 
arch ; supreme governour. Shak. It is taken by 
Bacon in the feminine ; as prince also is. Bacon. 
A card with the picture of a king. Pope. — King at 
Arms. A principal officer at arms, that Ins the pre- 
eminence of the society ; of whom there are three, 
viz. Garter, Norroy, and Clarencieux. Phi/lips. 

To KING, king. v. a. To supply with a king. Shak. 
To make roval ; to raise to royalty. Shakspeare. 

KFNGAPPLE, klng'-ap-pl. n. s. A kind of apple. 
Mortimer. 

KI NGCRAFT, klng'-kraft. n, s. [king and craft.-] 
The art of governing. King James. 

KFNGCUP, klng'-kup. n. s. [king and cup.] A flow- 
er; crowfoot. Peacham. 
I KFNGDOM, klng'-dum. 166. n. s. [king and dom.] 
The dominion of a king; the territories subject tea 
monarch. Sluik. A different class or order ; as, the 
animal and vegetable kingdoms. Locke. A region ; 
a tract. Shakspeare. 
KFNGDOxMED*, klng'-dumd. a. Proud of kingly 

{lower. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 
NGFISHER, kmg'-ffsh'-ur.n..?. A species of bird. 
May. 
KFNGHOOD* klng'-hud. n. s. [king and hood.] 

State of being a king. Gcnver. 
KFNGLIKE, klng'-llke. ) a. Royal; sovereign; 
KFNGLY, king'-le. $ monarchical. Shak. 

Belonging to a king. Shak. Noble ; august ; mag 

nificent. Sidnex,. 
KFNGLY, king'-le. ja. With an air of royalty ; with 

superiour dignity. Milton. 
KINGSE'VIL, klngz-e'-v'l. n. s. [king and evil.] A 

scrofulous distemper, commonly believed to be cur 

ed by the touch of the king. Wiseman. 
KFNGSHIP, klng'-shlp. n. s. Royalty ; monarchy 

Kins: Cliarles. 
KFNGSPEAR, klngz'-spere. n.s. A plant. 
KFNGSTONE, k?ngz'-st6ne. n.s. A fish. Ams* 

worth. 
KFNKHAUST*, klnk'-hawst. n.s. A violent cough ; 

the chin-cough. 
KFNSFOLK, ldnz'-f6ke. n. s. [kin and folk.] Re 

lations ; those who are of the same family. Spenser 
KFNSMAN, klnz'-man. 88. n. s. [kin and man.] A 

man of the same race or family. Spenser. 
KFNS WOMAN, klnz'-wum-un. n.s. A female rela 

tion. Sidney. 
KFNTAL* See Quintal. 
KFPPER*, klp'-pur. a. A term applied to salmon 

when unfit to be taken, and to the time when they 

are so considered. Pennant. 
KIRN* See Kern. 
KIRK 5, kerk. n.s. [cy pee, Sax.] An old word for 

a church, yet retained in Scotlano. Spenser 
KFRKMAN*, kerk'-man.?*. s. One of the church of 

Scotland. Vindiciaz Carolince. 
KFRTLE§, ker'-tl. 405. n. s. [cyjifcel, Sax.] A 

gown; a jacket; a petticoat; a mantle; a cloak. 

Chaucer. 
KFRTLED*, k*r'-tld. a. Wearing a kirtle. Milton. 
To KISS§, kls. v. a. [cyryan, Sax.] To touch with 

the lips. Sidney. To treat with fondness. Shak. 

To touch gently. Shakspeare. 
KISS, kls. n. s. Salute given by joining lips. Shak 
KFSSER, kls'-sfir. n. s. One that kisses. Sherwood. 
542 



KNA 



KNE 



— n6, move, nor, not;— tube, tdb, bull ;— oil ;— pdund ;— thin, this. 



kISSINGCOMFIT*, kV-sing-kfim-flt. «. s. Per- 
fumed sugar-plums, lo make the breath sweet. 
Shakspeare. 
Kl SSINGCRUST, kis'-slng-krAst. n.s. Crust form- 
ed where one loaf in the oven touches another. 
King. 
KIST*, kJst. n. s. [ce^t, Sax.] A chest. 
KIT. kit. n. s. A large bottle. Skinner. A small, 
diminutive fiddle. Drayton. A small wooden ves- 
sel, in which Newcastle salmon is sent up to town. 
[kitte, Itit, Dutch.] A milking- pail, like a churn, 
_ with two ears, and a cover, [kitte, Dutch.] 
Kl'TCAT*. a. Denoting a club of whigs at the be- 
ginning of the last century, of which Addison. 
Steele, and other distinguished wits, were mem- 
bers; so named from Christopher Cat, a pastry- 
cook, who excelled in mutton-pies, by whom the 
club was served with this part of the entertainment. 
Addison. Denoting a portrait, three-fourths less 
than a half length ; so called from the room in 
which portraits of the kitcat club at first were plac- 
ed, being not sufficiently lofty to admit half lengths. 
Drumnumd. 

KITCHENS. krtshMn. 103. n.s. [kegin, Welsh ; 
kysmn, Erse.] The room in a house where the pro- 
visions are cooked. Spenser. 

KI TCHENGARDEN, k?tsh'-?n-gar-d'n. n.s. Gar- 
den in which esculent plants are produced. Bacon. 

KI TCHENMAID, krtsh'-ln-made: n. s. A maid un- 
der the cook-maid, whose business is to clean the 
utensils of the kitchen. Shakfpeare. 

KI'TCHENSTUFF, kltshMn-stflf.n.5. The fat of 
meat scummed off" the pot, or gathered out of the 
dripping-pan. Donne. 

KFTCHENWENCH, k?tsh'-?n-wensh. n. s. [kitchen 
and trench.] Scullion ; maid employed to clean the 
instruments of cookery. Shakspeare. 

KI'TCHENWORK, kltshMn-wurk. n. s. Cookery; 
work done in the kitchen. 

KITE, kylte. 160. [See Guile.] n. s. [cyfca, Sax.] 
A bird of prey that infests the farms, and steals the 
chickens. Slutk. A name of reproach denoting 
rapacity. Shak. A fictitious bird made of paper. 
Government of the Tongue. 

KITE*, kyite. n. s. [qued, Su. Goth.] In the north of 
England, the bellv. 

KI TESFOOT, kyltes'-fut. n. s. A plant. Ains- 
icorlh. 

KITH, klth.n.s.fcyfte, Sax.] Acquaintance. Gower. 
Oh. T. 

KFTTEN§, kit'-t'n. 103. n. s. [katteken, Dutch. It 
is probable that the true singular is kit, the diminu- 
tive of cat, of which the old plural was kitten, or 
young; cats.] A young cat. Brown. 

To KFTTEN, kft'-t'n. v. n. To bring forth young 
cats. Shakspeare. 

KFTTIWAKE* kit'-te-wake. n. s. A bird of the 
gull kind, common among the rocks of Flambo- 
rough Head. 

ToKFTTLE*, kft'-tl.u. a. [cit elan, Sax.] To tickle. 
Sherwood. 

KI'TLING*, kltMlng. n.s. [catulus, Lat.] A whelp; 
the young of all beasts. B. Jonson. 

KIVE*, kylve. n. s. The tub-hole is a hollow place in 
the ground, over which the kive (mashing fat) 
stands. Sir W. Petty. 

To KFVER*, klv'-ur." v. a. To cover. Huloet. 

To KLICK, klik. v.n. To make a small, sharp noise. 
To pilfer, or steal away suddenly with a snatch. 
Dr. Johnson. 

ToKNAB§, rib. 399. v. -x. [knappen, Dutch.] To 
bite ; to bite something brittle. L' Estrange. 

To KNA'BBLE, nab'-bl. v. n. To bite idly, or wan- 
tonly ; to nibble. Brown. 

KNACK i nak. 399. n.s. [from the knocking or 
snapping of the fingers used by jugglers.] A little 
machine ; a petty contrivance ; a toy. Chaucer. A 
readiness ; an habitual facility ; a lucky dexterity. 
B. J "son. A nice trick Pope. 

To KNACK, nak. v. n. [knacken, Teut.] To make 
a sharp, quick noise, as when a stick breaks. Bp. 
Hall. To speak fin<2lv or affected^ G^ose. 



KNA'CKER, uak'-fir. n. s. A maker of small work 

Mortimer. A ropemaker. Ainsworth. 
KNAG*, nag. 399. n. s. [cnag, Su. Goth.] A hard 
knot in wood. Barret. A peg for hanging any 
thing upon. Romance of Le Bone Florence. Knags 
are the shoots. of a deer's horns, called brow-antlers 
Sherwood. 
KNA'GG Y, nag'-ge. a. Knotty ; set with hard, rough 
knots. Sherwood. Figuratively, full of rough or 
sour humours ; ill-humoured. 
KNAP$, nap. 399. n. s. [cnap, Welsh ; cnatp. Sax.] 

A Droiuberance ; a swelling prominence. Bacon. 
To KNAP, nap. v. a. [knappen, Dutch.] To bite ; to 
break short. Ps. Comm. Prayer, \fcnaap, Erse.] 
To strike so as to make a sharp noise like that of 
breaking. Bacon. 
To KNAP, nap. v. n. To make a short, sharp noise. 

Wiseman. 
KNA PBOTTLE, nap'-bSt-tl. n. s. A plant. 
KNATPISH*,nap'-p?sh. a. Our old word for snap- 
pish. Froward. Barret. 
To KNATPLE, nap'-pl. 405. v. n. To break off" 

with a sharp, quick noise. Ainsicorth. 
KNA'PPY*, nap'-pe. a. Full of knaps or hillocks 

Huloet. 
KNA'PSACK, nap'-sak. n.s. [knappen, Germ.] The 
bag which a soldier carries on his back j a bag of 
provisions. K. Charles. 
KNA'PWEED, nap'- weed. a.*. A plant. Miller. 
KNAR$,nar. n.s. [knor, Germ.] A hard knot. Dryd 
KNA'RLED* narF-gd. a. Knotted. 
KNA'RRY* nar'-re. a. Knotty ; stubby. Chaucer. 
KNAVE §, nave. 399. n. s. fenapa, Sax.] A rcy 
a male or man-child. Wicliffe. A servant. Gower. 
A petty rascal ; a scoundrel. South. A card with 
a soldier painted on it. Hudibras. 
KNA'VER Y, na'-vur-e. 557. n. s. Dishonesty ; tricks 
petty villany. Shakspeare. Mischievous tricks or 
practices. Shakspeare. 
KNA'VISH, na'-vish. a. Dishonest; wicked; frau- 

dulent. Pope. Waggish ; mischievous. Sfmk. 
KNA'VISHLY, na'-v?sh-le. ad. Dishonestly ; fraudu 

lently. Waggishly; mischievously. Gayton. 
KN A'VISHNESS*, na'-vfsh-nes. n. s. State or quali ■ 

ty of being knavish. Sherwood. • 
To KNA W*, naw. Sometimes written for gnaw. 
To KNEAD §, need. 227. v. a. [cnaeban, Sax.] Ta 
beat or mingle anv stuff or substance. Shakspeare. 
KNE'ADER*, ne'-dfir. n. s. A baker. Huloet. 
KNE'ADINGTROUGH, need'-?ng-tr6f. n. s. A 
trough in which the paste of bread is worked to- 
gether. Exod. viii. 
KNEES, nee. 399. n. s. [cneop, Sax.] The joint of 
the leg where it is joined to the thigh. Shak. A 
piece of timber growing crooked, and so cut that 
the trunk and branch make an angle. Moxon. 
To KNEE, nee. v. a. To supplicate by kneeling. 

Shakspeare. 
KNEE-CROOKING*, nee'-kroSk'-fng. a. [knee and 

crook.] Obsequious. Sliakspeare. 
KNEED, need. a. Having knees : as, in-kneed, ovout- 

kneed. Having joints : as, kneed grass. 
KNEEDE'EP, nee'-deep. a. [knee and deep.] Rising 

to the knees. Milton. Sunk to the knees. Shak. 
KNE'EDGRASS, need'-gras. n. s. An herb 
KNE'EHOLM, nee'-hilm. n. s. A plant, called also 

knee-holly. 
To KNEEL, neel. 399. v. n. To perform the act of 

genuflection ; to bend the knee. St. Matt. xvii. 
KNET ^ER*, neeMSr. n. s. One who shows obei- 
sance by kneeling. Lewis. 
KNE'EPAN, nee'-pan. n. s. [knee and pan.] A little, 
round bone about two inches broad, pretty thick, a 
little convex on both sides, and covered with a 
smooth cartilage on its foreside. Over it passes 
the tendon of the muscles which extend the leg, to 
which it serves as a pulley. Quincy. 
KNEETFMBER*, nee'-tW-bfir. n. s. [See the 

second sense of Knee.] Howell. 
KNEETRFBUTE. nee'-trib-ute. n.s. [knee and 
tribute.] Genuflection ; worship or obeisance shown 
.->y kneeling. Milton. 

543 



KNO 














KNO 


ID 3 559.- 


-Fate, 


far, 


fill, 


fat;- 


— me, iTi^t ;- 


-plne 


pin;— 



KNELL §, nel. 399. n. s. [cnyll, from cnyllan, Sax.] 
The sound of a bell rung- at a funeral. Shakspeare. 
KNEW, nu. 399. The preterit of know. 
KNICK-KNACK*, nk'-nak. n. s. Any trifle or toy. 
KNIFE, nlfe. 399. n.s. plur. knives, [cneifo, Celtick.] 
An instrument edged and pointed, wherewith meat 
is cut, and animals killed. Crashaw. A sword or 
dagger. Spenser. 
KNIGHT $, nite. 399. n. s. [cnihfc, Sax.; hutch, 
Germ.] A man advanced to a certain degree of 
military rank. In England, knighthood confers the 
title of sir : as, sir Thomas, sir Richard. When 
the name was not known, it was usual to say sir 
knight. Spenser. A pupil or follower. Shakspeare. 
A champion. Drayton. 
KNIGHT Errant, nlte-eV-rant. [See Errant.] A 
wandering knight; one who went about in quest of 
adventures. Denham. 
KNIGHT Errantry, nlte-eV-rant-re. The charac- 
ter or manners of wandering knights. Norris. 
KNIGHT of the Post. A hireling evidence ; a knight 

dubbed at the whipping-post or pillory. Smith. 
KNIGHT of the Shire. One of the representatives 
of a county in parliament : he formerly was a mil- 
itary knight, but now any man, having an estate in 
land of six hundred pounds a year, is qualified. 
To KNIGHT, nlte. v. a. To create one a knight. 

Wotton. 
KNI GHTHOOD, nhe'-hud. n. s. The character 

or dignity of a knight. Spenser. 
KNFGHTLESS, nite'-les. a. Unbecoming a knight. 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
KNIGHTLINESS*, nlte'-le-nes. n.s. Duties of a 

knight. Spenser. 
KNIGHTLY, nhe'-le a. Befitting a knight; be- 
seeming a knight. Sidney. 
KNFGHTLY*, nlte'-le. ad. In a manner becoming 

a knight. Sherwood. 
To KNIT $, n?t. v. a. preter. knit or knitted, [cnifc- 
tan, Sax.] To make or unite by texture without a | 
loom. Shak. To tie. Shak. To join ; to unite. 
Spenser. To contract. Addison. To tie up. Acts, x. 
To KNIT, nit. 399. o. n. To weave without a loom. 

Sidney. To join ; to close ; to unite. Sliakspeare. 
KNIT, nit. n.s. Texture. Shakspeare. 
KNITCH*, nftsh. n. s. A burden of wood ; a fagot. 

Wicliffe. 
KM'TTABLE*, nlt'-ta-bl. a. That may be knit or 

united. Huloet. 
KNFTTER, nft'-tfir. 98. n.s. One who weaves or 

knits. Shakspeare. 
KNOTTING*, nit'-tfng. n. s. Junction. Wotton. 
KNFTTINGNEEDLE, n ? t '-t?ng.nee-dl. n. s. [knit 
and needle.'] A wire which women use in knitting. 
Ar'buthnot. 
KNFTTLE, ntt'-tl. n. s. [from knit] A string that 
gathers a purse round. Ainsworth. A small line, 
used for various purposes at sea. 
KNOB §, n&b. 399. n. s. [cnaep, Sax. ; knoppe, Germ.] 
A protuberance ; any part bluntly rising above the 
rest. Chancer. 
KNOBBED, n6bd. 359. a. Set with nobs ; having 

protuberances. Sackville. 
KNOBBINESS, n&b'-be-nes 

having knobs. Sherwood. 
KNOBBY, n&b'-be. a. Full of knobs. More. Hard ; 

stubborn. Howell. 
To KNOCKS, n&k. 399. v. n. [cnucian, Sax.] To 
clash ; to be driven suddenly together. Bacon. To 
beat, as at a door for admittance. Sliak. — To 
knock under. A common expression, which de- 
notes that a man yields or submits. 
To KNOCK, n&k. v. a. To affect or change in any 
respect by blows. Locke. To dash together; to 
strike ; to collide with a sharp noise. Cleaveland. — 
To knock down. To fell by a blow. Addison. To 
knock on the head. To kill by a blow; to destroy. 
South. 
KNOCK, n&k. n. s. A sudden stroke; a blow. 
Brown. A loud stroke at a door for admission. 
Dryden. 
KNOCKER, n&k'-kflr. 98. n. s. One that fells by a 



n.s. The quality of 



blow ; one that knocks down. Slwwood. He that 
knocks. Johnson. The hammer which hangs at the 
door for strangers to strike. Tatler. 

KNO'CKING*, n&k'-lng. n.s. Beating at the door. 
Congreve. 

To KNOLL §, n&le. 399,406. v. a. [from knell.-] To 
ring the bell, generally for a funeral. Shakspeare. 

To KNOLL, n&le. v. n. To sound as a bell. Shak. 

KNOLL§, n&le. n.s. [cnolle. Sax.] A little round 
hill ; the top or cop of a hill or mountain. Wynd- 
ham. 

KNO'LLER*, n&Mur. n. s. One who tolls a bell. 
Sherwood. 

KNOP$, n&p. n. s. [knoppe, Teut.] The bud of a 
flower, or any protuberance or bunch. Clutucer. 

KNOTPED*, n&pt. a. Having knops ; fastened as 
with a knop or button. Chaucer. 

KNOR*,n5r. n. s. [Germ.] A knot. 

KNOT §, n&t. 399. n. s. [cnotta, Sax.] A complica- 
tion of a cord or string not easily to be disentan- 
gled. Sidney. Any figure of which the lines fre- 
quently intersect, each other. Bacon. Any bond 
of association or union. Sliak. A hard part in a 
piece of wood caused by the protuberance of a 
bough, and consequently by a transverse direction 
of the fibres. A joint in an herb. Wisd. xiii. Dif- 
ficulty; intricacy. South. Any intrigue, or diffi- 
cult perplexity of affairs. Dryden. A confedera- 
cy; an association; a small band. Shakspeare. A 
cluster ; a collection, [from knit.] Bacon. A bird 
of the snipe kind, said to be so named from Ca- 
nute, who was ver^ fond of it. Drayton. [In naval 
language.] The division of the log-line ; a knot 
answering to a mile by land. An epaulet. 

To KNOT, n&t. v. a. To complicate in knots. Sedley. 
To entangle ; to perplex. To unite. Bacon. 

To KNOT, n&t. v. n. To form buds, knots, orjoints, 
in vegetation. Mortimer. To knit knots for fringes. 
Skelton. 

KNOTBERRYBUSH, n&t'-ber-re-bush. n. s. A 
plant. Ainsworth. 

KNO'TGRASS, n&t'-gras. n. s. A plant. Shak. 

KNO'TLESS*, libt'Ah. a. Without knots. Con- 
greve. Without difficulty ; without any thing to 
obstruct the passage. Chaucer. 

KNO TTED, n&tMeU a. Full of knots or protu- 
berances. Dryden. Having figures of which the 
lines intersect each other. Shakspeare. 

KNOTTINESS, n&t'-te-nes. n. s. Fulness of knots ; 
unevenness ; intricacy ; difficulty. Peacham. A 
protuberance, or swelling; as the muscles, or 
fleshv parts. Dr. Warton. 

KNOTTY, n&t'-te. a. Full of knots. Shak. Hard; 
rugged. Rowe. Intricate; perplexed; difficult; 
embarrassed. Rowe. 

To KNOW §, n&. v. a. preter. I knew, I have known. 
[enapan, Sax.] To perceive with certainty, 
whether intuitive or discursive. Shak. To be in- 
formed of; to be taught. 1 Sam. vi. To distin- 
guish. Locke. To recognise. Luke, xxiv. To be 
no stranger to. Sliak. To converse with another 
sex. Gen. iv. 

To KNOW, n&. 399. v. n. To have clear and cer- 
tain perception ; not to be doubtful. Acts, xii. Not 
to be ignorant. Bacon. To be informed. Shak. 
— To know for. To have knowledge of. Shak. 
To know of. To take cognizance of. Shakspeare. 

KNO'WABLE, n&'-a-bl. a. Cognoscible ; possible 
to be discovered or understood. Glanville. 

KNOWER, n&'-fir. 98. n. s. One who has skill or 
knowledge. Bryskett. 

KNO' WING, n&'-ing. 410. a. Skilful; well instruct- 
ed ; remote from ignorance. Shak. Conscious ; 
intelligent. Blackmore. 

KNO'WING, n&'-lng. n. s. Knowledge. Sliakspeare. 

KNO'WINGLY, n&'-fng-ie. ad. With skill ; with 
knowledge. More. 

KNO'WLEDGE, n&l'-ledje, or n&Medje. n.s. Cer- 
tain perception ; indubitable apprehension. Locke. 
Learning; illumination of the mind. Shak. Skill 
in any thing. 1 Kings, ix. Acquaintance with any 
fact or person. Sidney. Cognizance; notice. 
544 



■j 



KNO 



KYD 



-no, mdve, ndr, n&t; — tube, lob, bull;— d?l;— pflftnd;— thin, Tnis. 



Ruth, ii. Information ; power of knowing-. Sid- 
ney. 

#3r Scarcely any word has occasioned more altercation 
among verbal criticks than this. A great appearance of 
propriety seems to favour the second pronunciation, till 
we observo a great number of similar words, where the 
long vowel in the simple is shortened in the compound, 
and then we perceive something like an idiom of pro- 
nunciation, which, to correct, would, in some measure, 
obstruct the current of the language. To preserve the 
simple without alteration in the compound, is certainly 
a desirable thing in language; but when the general 
tune of the language, as it may be called, crosses this 
analogy, we may depend on the rectitude of general 
custom, and ought to acquiesce in it. That the secon- 
dary accent shortens the vowei, which was long in the 
original, appears throughout the language in proclama- 
tion, provocation, Sec, 530. That the primary accent 
does the same in preface, prelate, prelude, Sec, is evi- 
dent; and, as ledge is no general termination of our own, 
which is applicable to several words, why should we 
not consider knowledge as a simple, and pronounce it 
independently on its original quantity? The patrons 
for the first pronunciation are, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ken- 
rick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Barclay, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. 
Scott ; and for the second, W. Johnston, and Mr. 
Buchanan. Mr. Perry gives both, but seems to al- 



low the first the preference.— See Principles, No. 328, 
515. W. a m 

To KNOWLEDGE, nol'-l&He. v. a. To acknowl- 
edge ; to avow. WicliJ'e. Ob. J. 

ro KNIFBBLE, nub'-bl v. a. [knipler, Dan.] To 
beat. Skinner. 

KNU'CKLE$, n&k'-kl. 399, 405. n. s. [enuele, Sax.] 
The joints of the fingers protuberant when the fin- 
gers close. Garth. The knee joint of a calf. Bacon 
The articulation or joint of a plant. Bacon. 

To KNU'CKLE, nflk'-kl. v.n. To submit. 

KNU'CKLED, n&kMd'd. 359. a. Jointed. Bacon. 

KNUFF, n&f. n. s. A lout. Hayward. 

KNUR $, nur. ) n. s. [knor, Germ.] A knot ; a 

KNURLE$,nurl. S hard suostance. Huloet. 

KNU'RLED*, mlrF-ed, or nurld. a. Set with knurles ; 
knotty. Sherwood. 

KNU'RRY*, mV-re. a. Full of knots. Drayton. 

KO'NED, for /conned, or conned, i. e. knew. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

KO'RAN*. [Arab.] See Alcorax. 

KSAR*. See Czar. 

KUSS*. See To Kiss. 

KY*. n. s. [cf, Sax.] Kine. 

To KYD, kid. v. n. To know. See To Kid. 



LAB 



LAC 



LA liquid consonant, which preserves always 
• the same sound in English. At the end of a 
monosyllable it is always doubled ; as, shall, still ; 
except after a diphthong ; as, fail, feel. In a word 
of more syllables, it is usually written single ; as, 
channel, canal, tendril. It is sometimes put be- 
fore e, and sounded feebly after it ; as, Bible, title. 
It is sometimes mute ; as in alms, calf, chalk, and 
some other words. 401. 

LA, law. inter}. [Sax.] See! look! behold! Shak. 

LAB*, lab. n.s. A blab; a great talker 5 one that 
cannot keep a secret. Cliaucer. 

LABDANUM, lab'-da-num. n. s. A resin, of a 
strong, but not unpleasant smell, and an aromatick, 
but not agreeable taste. Hill. 

ToLA'BEFY, lab'-e-fl. v. a. [labefacio, Lat.] To 
weaken ; to impair. Diet. 

LA'BEL ,, la'-bel n. s. [labellum, Lat.] A small slip 
of silk, or other materials; a kind of tassel. A 
small slip or scrip of writing. Shak. Any thing 
appendant to a larger writing. Ayliffe. [In law.] 
A narrow slip of paper or parchment affixed lo a 
deed or writing, in order to hold the appending 
seal. Harris. 

To LA'BEL*, la'-bel. v. a. To affix a label on any 
thing, in order to distinguish it. 

LA BENT, la'-bgnt. a. [ktbens, Lat.] Sliding; glid- 
ing; slipping. Diet. 

LA'BIAL$, la'-be-al. 113. a. [labialis, Lat.] Uttered 
by the lips. Bacon. 

LA'BIATED, la'-be-a-tgd. a. [labium, Lat.] Form- 
ed with lips. 

LABIODE NTAL, la-be -6-denMaI. a. [labium and 
dentalis, Lat.] Formed or pronounced by the co- 
operation of the lips. 

LABO'RANT, la-b6'-rant. n.s. [laborans, Lat.] A 
chvmist. Bottle. Ob. J. 

LABORATORY, lab'-b6-ra-tfir-e. 512. [See Do- 
mestick.] n. s. [laboratoire, Fr.] A chymist's 
work-room. Bp. Taylor. 

LABORIOUS §, la-b'6'-re-us. a. [lahoriosus, Lat.] 
Diligent in work; assiduous. South. Requiring 
labour; tiresome; not easy. Addison. 

LABORIOUSLY, la-bi'-re-fis-le. ad. With labour; 
with toil. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

LABO'RIOUSNESS, la-b^-re-us-n^s. n.s. Toil- 
someness ; difficulty. Decay of Chr. Piety. Dili- 
gence ; assiduity. South. 

LA'BOUR$, kV-bfir. 314. n.s. [labor, Lat.] The 
act of doing what requires a painfal exertion of 
strength ; pains ; toil. 1 Tliess. iii. Work to be 
GQ 



done. Hooker. Work done ; performance. Ex- 
ercise ; motion with some degree of violence. Har~ 
vey. Childbirth; travail. Spenser. 

To LA'BOUR, la'-bur. v. n. [laboro, Lat.] To toil ; 
to act with painful effort. Sluik. To do work ; to 
take pains. Ecclus. xix. To move with difficulty. 
Granville. To be diseased with. B. Jonson. To 
be in distress ; to be pressed. Dryden. To be in 
child-birth ; to be in travail. Dryden. In naval 
language, spoken of a ship, when every timber is 
put to the test, and the whole constitution of her 
architecture is in the full plav of all ils powers. 

To LA'BOUR, la'-bur. v. a. To work at; to move 
with difficulty. 2 Mace. To beat; to belabour. 
Dnjden. 

LABOURER, la'-bur-flr. 557. n. s. [laboureur, Fr.] 
One who is employed in coarse and toilsome work. 
Bacon. One who takes pains in any employment. 
Sliakspeare. 

LA'BOURLESS*. la'-bur-l^s. a. Not laborious. 
Brereicood. 

LA'BOUROUS*, la'-bfir-us. a. The old word for 
laborious. Spenser. 

LA'BOUROUSLY*, la'-bfir-ds-le. ad. Laboriously. 
Sir T. Elyot. 

LA'BOURSOME, la'-b&r-sam. a. Made with great 
labour and diligence. Abp. Sandys. Ob. J. 

LA'BRA, la'-brl 92. n.s. [Span.] A lip. Shak. 
Ob. J. 

LABYRINTHS, lab'-ber-intfi. n.s. [labyrinthus, 
Lat.] A maze ; a place formed with inextricablo 
windings. Shak. Formerly, a distinguished orna- 
ment in the gardens of our ancestors. Spenser. 

LABYRI'NTHIAN* lab-ber-in'-tfie-an. a. Having 
inextricable turnings or windings ; perplexed like 
a labyrinth. Bp. Hall. 

LABU'RNUM*, la-bfir'-num. n.s. A shrub [of the 
cijtisus kind] that grows to the size of a tree. Anon 

LAC, lak. n. s. Lac is usually distinguished by the 
name of a gum, but improperly, because it is in- 
flammable and not soluble in water. We have 
three sorts of it : 1. The stick lac. 2. The seed 
lac. 3. The shell lac. Hilt. 

LACE $, lase n. s. [lacet, Fr.] A strii'g r a cord. 
Spenser. A snare ; a gin. Fairfax. A platted 
string, with which women fasten their clothes. 
Shak. Ornaments of fine thread, curiously woven 
Bacon. Textures of thread, with gold or silver 
Herbert. Sugar. Rather the addition of spirits. 
Addison. 

To LACE, lise. v. a. To tie; to bind as with a cord, 
545 



LAC 














LAG 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate, 


far 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, met ; 


-pine 


pin ;— 



Chaucer. To fasten with a string- run through eye- 
let holes. Wiseman. To adorn with gold or silver 
textures sewed on. SJutk. To embellish with va- 
riegations. Shak. To beat; from the sense of lace 
as a cord, a rope's end. V Estrange. 
LACED Coffee*, laste / -k6f-fe. n. s. Coffee having 

spirits in it. Addison. 
LACED Mutton, laste'-mfit'-tn. n.s. An old word 

for a whore. Slvxkspeare. 
LA'CEMAN, lase'-man. 83. n. s. One who deals in 

lace. Addison. 
LA'CEWOMAN*, lase'-wum-mun. n. s. She who 

makes or sells lace. Straff orde. 
LA'CERABLE, las'-ser-a-bl. 405. a. Such as may 

be torn. Harveij. 
To LA'CERATE§, las'-ser-ate. 91. v. a. [hxcero, 

Lat.] To tear; to rend. Howell. 
LACERATION , las-ser-a'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
tearing or rending; the breach made by tearing. 
Arbuvmoi. ' 
LA'CERATIVE, las'-ser-a-tfv. 512. a. Tearing ; 

having the power to tear. Harvey. 
LA'CHRYMABLE $% lak'-kre-ma-bl. a. [lacfirijma- 

bilis, Lat.] Lamentable. Ld.Morley. 
LACHRYMAL, lak'-kre-mal. 353. 'a. [lacrymai, 

Fr.] Generating tears. Cheyne. 
LA'CHRYMARY, lak'-kre-ma-re. a. [lachryma, 

Lat.] Containing tears. Addison. 
LACHRYMA'TION, lak-kre-ma/-shun. n.s. The 

act of weeping or shedding tears. Cocfceram. 
LACHRYMATORY, lak'-kre-ma-tur-e. 512. [For 
the o, see Domestick.] n. s. [lacrymatoire. Fr.] 
A vessel in which tears are gathered to the honour 
of the dead. Greenhill. 
LACFNIATED, la-sm'-e-a-teU a. [lacinia, Lat.] 

Adorned with fringes and borders. 
To LACK§, lak. v. a. [lacka, Goth.] To want; to 
need ; to be without. Hooker. To blame ; to find 
fault with. CJioucer. 
To LACK, lak. v. n. To be in want. Ps. Common 

Prayer. To be wanting. Genesis, viii. 
LACK, lak. n. s. Want 3 need; failure. Hooker. A 
term in India applied to money; as, a lack of, or 
one hundred thousand, rupees. Sir T. Herbert. 
LACKADA'Y*, lak-a-da / . interj. A frequent, collo- 
quial term, implying alas! most probably from the 
forgotten verb lack, to blame. 
LA'CKBRAIN, lak'-brane. n. s. [lack and brain.] 

One that wants wit. Shakspeare. 
LA'CKER*, lak'-kur. 98. n. s. One who is wanting. 

Dames. 
LA'CKER§, lak'-k&r. n. s. A kind of varnish, 
which, spread upon a white substance, exhibits a 
gold colour. 
ToLA'CKER, lak'-kur. v.a. To smear over with 

lacker. Pope. 
LA'CKEY §, lak'-ke. n. s. [lacqnais, Fr.] An attend- 
ing servant ; a foot-boy. Shakspeare. 
To LA'CKEY, lak'-ke. v.a. To attend servilely. 

Shakspeare. 
To LA/CKEY, lak'-ke. v. n. To act as a foot-boy ; 

to pay servile attendance. Bacon. 
LA'CKLINEN, lak'-lln-nm. 99. a. [lack and linen.] 

"Wanting shirts. Shakspeare. 
LACKLUSTRE, lak'-lus-tfir. 416. a. [luck and 

lustre.] Wanting brightness. Sliakspeare.. 
LACONICAL §*, la-k(W-e-kal. a. [laconicus, Lat.] 

Short; concise; brief; pithy. Harrington. 
LACONICALLY, la-kon'-ne-kal-e. ad. Briefly ; con- 
cisely. Camden. 
LACO NICK, la-k&n'-ik. 509. a. Short; brief. Wei- 

wood. 
LA'CONISM, lak'-ki-nlzm. n. s. [laconismus, Lat.] 
A concise style : called by some laconicism. Brown. 
LA'CTAGE*, lak'-ddje. n. s. [lac, lactis, Lat.] Pro- 
duce from animals yielding milk. Shuckford. 
LA'CTARYS, lak'-ta-re. 512. a. [lactaHus, Lat.] 

Milky; full of juice like milk. Brown. 
LA'CTARY, lak'-ta-re. n. s. [lactanum, Lat.] A 

dairy house. 
LACTA'TION, lak-tii'-shun. n. s. [lacto, Lat.] The 
act or time of giving suck. 



LACTEAL, lak'-te-al, or lakMshe-al. 464. a. Milky ; 
conveying chyle of the colour of milk. Locke. 

LACTEAL, lak'-te-al, or lak'-tshe-al. n. s. The ves- 
sel that conveys chyle. Arbuthnot. 

LACTE'AN* lak'-te-an, or lak'-tshe-an. a. [lacteus, 
LatJ Mdky ; having the colour of milk. Moxon. 

LACTECUS, lak'-te-fis, or lak'-tshe-fis. a. Milky 
Brown. Lacteal ; conveying chyle. Bentley. 

LACTE'SCENCE, lak-tes'-senW. 510. n.s. [lades 
co, Lal.l Tendency to milk, or milky colour. Boyle. 

LACTESCENT, lak-teV-sent. a. Producing milk, 
or a white juice. Arbuthnot. 

LACTFFEROUS, lak-tlf-fer-fis. 518. a. [lac and 
few, Lat.] What conveys or brings milk. Ray. 

LAD§, lad. n. s. [leobe, Sax.] A boy; a stripling, in 
familiar language. Slink. A boy ; a young man, 
in pastoral language. Spenser. 

LAD*, lad. The ancient preterit of lead, now led. 
Spenser. 

LATJDER §, lad'-dfir. 98. n.s. [hlebpe, Sax. J A 
frame made with steps placed between two upright 
pieces. Tusser. Any thing by which one climbs. 
Sidney. A gradual rise. Swift. 

LADE, lade. 73, 75. n. s. The mouth of a river, 
from the Saxon labe, which signifies a purging or 
discharging. Gibson. 

To LADE§, lade. 75. v. a. preter. laded; and part, 
passive, laded, or laden, [hlaban, Sax.] It is now 
commonly written load. To load; to freight; to 
burthen. 'Genesis, xlii. [hlaban, Sax. to draw.] To 
heave out ; to throw out. Temple. 

To LADE*, lade. v. n. [hlaban, Sax.] To draw 
water. Bp. Hall. 

To LA'DIFY*, la'-de-fl. v. a. [lady, and fio, Lat.] 
To make a lady of. Massinger. 

LA'DING, la'-dlng. 410. n. s. Weight; burthen. 
Waller. 

LA'DKIN*, lad'-kln. n. s. A youth. More. 

LA'DLE §, la'-dl. 405. n. s. [hlaeble, Sax.] A large 
spoon ; a vessel with a long handle, used in throw 
ing out any liquid from the vessel containing it 
Spenser. The receptacles of a mill wheel, into 
which the water falling turns it. 

LATJLEFUL, la'-dl-ful. n. s. As much as a ladle 
holds. Swift. 

LA DY§, la'-de. 182. n. s. [hlaepbi^, Sax.] A woman 
of high rank : the title of lady properly belongs to 
the wives of knights, of all degrees above them, 
and to the daughters of earls, and all of higher 
ranks. King Charles. An illustrious or eminent 
woman. Spenser. A word of complaisance used 
of women. Guardian. Mistress, importing power 
and dominion; as, lady of the. manor. Shak. — 
Lady in the straw. An expression used to signify 
the woman who is brought to bed ; from the circum- 
stance that all beds were anciently stuffed with straw. 

LADY-BEDSTRAW, la'-de-bgd'-straw. n. s, A 
plant. Miller. 

LADY-BIRD, la'-de-burd. } 

LADY-BUG, la'-de-bug. f n.s. A small, red insect, 

LADY-COW, la'-de-k6u. £ vaginopennous. Gay. 

LADY-FLY, la'-de-fll. ) 

LADY-DAY, la-de-da/, n.s. The day on which the 
annunciation of the blessed Virgin is celebrated. 

LADY-LIKE, la'-de-llke. a. [lady and like.] Soft: 
delicate ; elegant. Warner. Affected ; effeminate 
Bp. Taylor. 

LADY-MANTLE, la'-de-man-tl. n. s. A plant 
Miller. 

LA'DYSHIP, la'-de-sh?p. n. s. Originally, the state 
of a lady. Gower. The title of a lady. Sliak. 

LADY'S-SLIPPER, la'-diz-sllp'-p&r. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

LADY'S-SMOCK, la'-dlz-smok. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

LAG §, lag. a. [lagg, Swed.] Coming behind ; fall- 
ing short. Sfiak. Sluggish; slow; tardy. Shak. 
Last ; long delayed. Shakspeare. 

LAG, lag. n. s. The lowest class ; the rump ; the faff 
end. Shak. He that comes last, or hangs behind. 
Dryden. 

To LAG. lag. v. n. To loiter; to move slowly. 
546 



LAM 



LAN 



-116, BQ&ve, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull 5 — oil ; — pdrtnd ;— th\n, this. 



LA'GGER, lag'-gur. 98. n.s. A loiterer; an idler. 
LA/ICALsSltf-e-kal. a. [laiais, Lat.1 Belong) 



Dryden. To stay behind 5 not to come in. Spen- 
ser. 

LAGGARD*, hV-gard. a. Backward-, sluggish 5 
slow. Collins. 

1 

LA'l<JALs\ la'-e-kal. a. [latcus, Lat.] Belonging to 
the laity, or people, as distinct from the clergy. 
Camden. 

LA'ICK*, la'-lk. n. s. [laique, Fr.] A layman; one 
of the people distinct from the clergy. Bp. Mor- 
ton. 

LA'ICK*, la'-ik. a. Belonging to the laity. Millon. 

LAID, lide. 202, 222. Preterit participle of lay. 2 
Mac. iii. 

LA'IDLY*. ladeMe.a. [laShc, Sax.] Ugly; loath- 
some : foul. 

LAIN, lane*202. Preterit participle of lie ; and for- 
merly written lien. St. John, xx. 

LAIR, lire. 202. n. s. [laeglier, Teut.] The couch of a 
boar, or wild beast. Milton, [lea, Sax.] Pasture; 
the ground. Spenser. 

LAIRD, lard. 202. n, s. [hlapopb, Sax.] The lord 
of a manor in the Scottish dialect. Cleaveland. 

LA'ITY. la'-e-te. n. s. [\do$.] The people, as dis- 
tinguished from the clergy. Sioift. The stale of a 
layman. Ayliffe. 

LAKES, lake. n.s. [lac, Fr.; taais, Lat.] A large 
diffusion of inland water. Dry den. Small plash of 
water, [lacque, Fr.] A middle colour, betwixt ultra- 
marine and vermilion. Dryden. 

To LAKE*, lake. v.n. [laikan, Goth, and Sax.] To 
play. Ray. 

LA'KY*, la'-ke. a. Belonging to a lake. Sherwood. 

LAMB$, lam. 347. n. s. [lamb, Goth, and Sax.] The 
young of a sheep. Pope. Typically, the Saviour 
of the world. Common Praijer. 

To LAMB*, lam. v. n. To yean ; to bring forth 
lambs. Sherwood. 

LAMB-ALE* lam'-ale. n. s. A feast at the time of 
shearing lambs. Waiion. 

LA'MBATIVES, lam'-ba-tlv. 157. a. [lambo.] Tak- 
en by licking. Brown. 

LA'MBATP/E, lam'-ba-tiv. n. s. A medicine taken 
by licking with the tongue. Wiseman. 

LA'MBKIN, lam'-kln. n. s. A little lamb. Spensei: 

LA'MBLIKE*, lam'-llke. a. Mild ; innocent as a 
lamb. Trag. of Solimo.n and Perseda. Resem- 
bling the form of a lamb. Sheldon. 

LAMBS-WOOL, lamz'-wul. n. s. [a corruption of 
la mas uhhal, that is, the day of the apple fruit.] 
Ale mixed with sugar, nutmeg, and the pulp of 
roasted apples. Burton. 

LAMBENT, lam'-bent. a. [la.mbens, Lat.l Playing 
about ; gliding over without harm. Dryden. 

LAMDOFDAL, lam-doid'-dal. a. [Xd^a and US05.] 
Having the form of the letter lamda or A. Sharp. 

LAMES, lame. a. [laam, lama, Sax.] Crippled; dis- 
abled in the limbs. Daniel. Hobbling ; not smooth : 
alluding to the feet of a verse. Dryden. Imper- 
fect; unsatisfactory. Bacon. 
To LAME, lame. v. a. To make lame ; to cripple. 
Slialcspeare. 

LA'MELLAR^lam'-mel-l&r.a. [lamella,^.] Com- 
posed of thin scales or flakes. Kirwan. 

LA'MELLATED, lain'-mel-a-lgd. a. Covered with 

films or plates. Derham. 
LA'MELY, lame'-le. ad. Like a cripple ; without 
natural force or activity. Wiseman. Imperfectly ; 
without a full or complete exhibition of all the 
parts. Dryden. Weakly; unsteadily; poorly. 
LA'MENESS, lame'-nes. n. s. The state of a crip- 
ple; loss or inability of limbs. Dryden. Imperfec- 
tion ; weakness. Dryden. 
To LAME'NTS, la-ment'. v. n. [lamentor, Lat.] To 
mourn ; to wail ; to grieve ; to express sorrow. 
St. John. 
To L AME'NT, la-menf. v. a. To bewail ; to mourn ; 

to bemoan ; to sorrow for. Shakspeare. 
LAME'NT, la-mem', n. s. [lamentum, Lat.] Sorrow 
audibly expressed ; lamentation ; grief uttered in 
complaints or cries. Milton-. Expression of sor- 
row. Shakspeare. 



LA'MENTABLEjlam'-men-ta-bl. [See In com par a • 
hi. v..] a. [lamcntabilis, Lat.] To be lamented; caus- 
ing sorrow. Sha/c. Mournful ; sorrowful ; express- 
ing sorrow. Sidney. Miserable, in a ludicrous or 
low sense ; pitiful ; despicable. StilHngJfeet. 

L.VMENTABLYJam'-men-ta-hle. ad. With ex 
pressions or tokens of sorrow; mournfully. Sidriey. 
So as to cause sorrow. Shak. Pitifully ; despi- 
cablv. 

LAMENTATION, lam-men-ta'-shun. 527, 530. n. s. 
Expression of sorrow; audible grief. Shakspeare. 

LAME'NTER. la-ment'-fir. 98. n. s. One who mourns 
or laments. Bp. Patrick. 

LAMENTING*, la-ment'-Jng. n. s. Lamentation ; 
sorrow audibly expressed. Shakspeare. 

LAMENTINE, lam'-men-tlne. 149. n. s. A fish called 
a sea-cow or manatee. Bailey. 

LA' MIA*, la'-me-a. n. s. [Lat.] A kind of demon 
among the ancients, who, under the form of a beau- 
tiful woman, was said to have devoured children ; 
a hag; a witch. Massirtger. 

LA'MINA, lam'-me-na. n. s. [Lat.] Thin plate ; one 

coat laid over another. Russell. 
I LA'MINATED, lam'-me-na-led. a. Plated : used of 
such bodies whose contexture discovers such a dis- 
position as that of plates lying over one another. 
Sharp. 

To LAMM, lam. v. a. Uahmen, Teut.] To beat 
soundly with a cudgel. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

LA'MMAS, lam'-mas. 88. n. s. [hlam-maej-ye, Sax.] 
The first of August. Bacon. 

LAMP S, lamp. n. s. [lampe, Fr. ; lampas, Lat.] A 
light made with oil and a wick. Milton. Any 
kind of light, in poetical language, real or meta- 
phorical. Rowe. 

LA'MPASS, lam'-pas. n. s. [lampas, Fr.] A lump of 
flesh, about the bigness of a nut, in the roof of a 
horse's mouth. Farrier's Diet. 

LA'MPBLACK, lamp'-blak. n. s. [lamp and black.] 
It is made by holding a torch under the bottom of a 
basin, and, as it is furred, striking it with a feather 
into some shell, and grinding it with gum water. 
Peacham- 

LA'MPING, lamp'-lng. a. [lampante, Ital.] Shining ; 
sparkling. Spenser. Ob. J. 

LAMPO'ONS, lam-poon'. n. s. [tamper, old Fr.] A 
personal satire ; abuse ; censure written not to re- 
•form but to vex. Dryden. 

To LAMPO'ON, lam-poon'. v. a. To abuse with per- 
sonal satire. 

LAMPOONER, lam-p6on'-ur. 98. n. s. A scribbler 
of personal satire. Dryden. 

LA'MPREY, lam'-pre. n. s. [lamppseba, Sax.] A 
fish : much like the eel. Walton. 

LA'MPRON, lam'-prun. 166. n. s. A kind of sea fish. 
Barrow. 

LANCE §, lanse. 78, 79. n. s. [lance, Fr.; lancea, 
Lat.] A long spear. Sidney. Balance, [lance, Ital.] 
Spenser. 

To LANCE, lanse. v. a. To pierce ; to cut, Shak 
To open chirurgically ; to cut in order to a cure 
Shakspeare. 

LA'NCELY, lanse'-le. a. Suitable to a lance. Sid 
ney. Ob. J. 

LANCEPESA'DE, lanse-pe-sade'. n. s, [lancia 
spezzata, Ital.] The officer under the corporal. J. 
Hall. ' 

LA'NCER* lan'-sSr. n. s. [from lance.] One that 
carries a lance ; one armed with a lance. Mirror 
for Magistrates. A lancet. 1 Kings, xviii. 

LA'NCET, lan'-sit. 99. n. s. [lancette, Fr.] A small, 
pointed, ehirurgical instrument. Wiseman. A point- 
ed window. Warton. 

To LANCH*, lansh. v. a. [lancer, Fr,] To dart; to 
cast, as a lance ; to throw ; to let fly, Dryden. 

LANCH* See Launch. 

To LA'NCINATES, lan'-se-nate. 91. v. u. [lancino, 
Lat.] To tear; to rend; to lacerate. Johnson. 

LANCIN ACTION, lan-se-na'-shun. n. s. Tearing; 
laceration, 

LANDS, land. n.s. [lanb, Sat.] A country ; a rc-= 
gion, distinct from other countries. Spenser. Earth., 
547 



LAN 
















LAN 


inr 559.- 


-Fate 


fir, 


fill, 


fat;- 


— me, 


m§t;- 


—pine 


pin j- 



distinct from water. Abbot. Ground ; surface of 
the place. Pope. An estate real and immovable. 
Shale. Nation j people. Dry den. [hlanb, Sax.] 

Urine. Hanmer. 
To LAND, land. «. a. To set on shore. SJvxkspeare. 
To LAND, land. w. n. To come to shore. Bacon. 
LANDAU*, lan-daw'. n. s. A coach, of which the 

top may be occasionally open. 
LA'NDED, lan'-ded. a. "Having a fortune in land 5 

having a real estate. Bacon. 
LANDFALL, land'-fall. 406. n.s. [land and fall.] A 

sudden translation of property in land by the death 

of a rich man. [In naval language.] The first land 

discovered after a sea-voyage. 
LA'NDFLOOD, land'-flud. n.s. [land and flood.] 

Inundation. Clarendon-. 
LAND-FORCES*, land'-for-sez. re. s. Warlike pow- 
ers not naval ; soldiers that serve on land. Temple. 
LA'NDGRAVE, land' -grave, n.s. [land, and grave, 

German, a count.] A German title of dominion. 
LANDHOLDER, land'-h6l-dur. n. s. One who 

holds lands. Locke. 
LA'NDING, land'-fng. 410. ) n. s. The top 

LANDING-PLACE, land'-hig-plase. S. of stairs. 

Bacon. — Landing. The act of coming on shore. 

Milton. 
LA'NDJOBRER, land'-job-bur. re, s. One who buys 

and sells lands lor other men. Swift. 
LANDLADY, lan'-la-de. [landMa-de, Perry and 

Jones.] re. s. A woman who has tenants holding from 

her. The mistress of an inn. Swift. 
LANDLESS, land'-le's. a. [lanOleay, Sax.] Without 

property ; without fortune. Shakspeare. 
LANDLOCKED, laud'-lokt. 359. a. [land and lock.] 

Shut in, or enclosed with land. Sir T. Herbert. 
LANDLOPER, land'-lo-pur. 98. n. s. [land and 

loopen, Dutch.] A landman; a term of reproach 

used by seamen of those who pass their lives on 

shore. Howell. 

{£jT This word is improved by seamen into the more in- 
telligible word land-lubber. W. 

LANDLORD, landMord. 88. re. 5. [lanbhlapojib, 
Sax.] One who owns lands or houses, and has ten- 
ants under him. Spenser. The master of an inn. 
Addison. 

LANDLORDRY*, landM6rd-re. re. s. State of a 
landlord. Bp. Hall. 

LA'NDMAN*, Jand'-man. n. s. [lanbman, Sax.] 
One who lives or serves on land : opposed to sea- 
man ; a countryman. Burnet. 

LA'NDMARK, land'-mark. n. s. [lanbmeanc, Sax.] 
Any thing set up to preserve the boundaries of 
lands. Blilton. 

LANDSCAPE, land'-skape. re. s. [lanbrcipe, Sax. j 
written landsldp by old authors.] A region ; the pros- 
pect of a country. Bp. Hall. A picture representing 
an extent of space, with the various objects in it. 
Fnller. 

LANDSTREIGHT*, land'-strate. re. s. [land and 
streiglrf.] A narrow passage, or slip of land. Moun- 
tagu. See Strait. 

LAND-TAX, land'-taks. re. 5. Tax laid upon land 
and houses. Locke. 

LAND-WAITER, land'-wa-tur. re. 5. An officer of 
the customs, who is to watch what goods are land- 
ed. Swift. 

LANDWARD, land'-ward. 88. ad. Towards the 
land. Sandys. 

LAND-WIND*, land 7 -wind. re. s. A gale or wind 
from the land. Donne. 

LAND-WORKER*, land'-wtirk-ur. re. 5. [land and 
worker.] One who tills the ground. Pownall. 

LANE, lane. 35. re. s. [laen, Dutch ; lana, Sax,] A 
narrow way between hedges. Sliak. A narrow 
street ; an alley. Sprat. A passage between men 
standing on each side, Bacon. 

LA'NGREL Shot*, re. s. A kind of chain-shot. 

LANGTERALO'O*, lang-tlr-a-166'. re. s. A game 
at cards. Taller. 

LANGUAGE §,lang / ,gwidje. 331,90.w.s. [langage, 
Fr.] Human speech. Holder. The tongue of one 



nation as distinct from others. Shak. Style ; man 
ner of expression. Roscommon. A nation distin 
gaished by their language. Dan. iii. 

To LA'NGUAGE*, lang'-gwldje. v. a. To give 
language to; to express. Lovelace. Ob. T. 

LA'NGUAGED, lang'-gwidj'd. 359. a. Knowing 
language. Bar-ret. Having various languages. Pope. 

LANGUAGE-MASTER, lang'-gwldje-ma-stur. re. 5. 
One whose profession is to teach languages. Spec- 
tator. 

LANGUET, lang'-gw&. n s. [languetie, Fr.] Any 
thing cut in the form of a tongue. 

LANGUID §, lang'-gwld 340. a. [languidus, Lat.] 
Faint; weak; feeble. Aibuthnot. Dull; heartless 
Addison. 

LANGUIDLY, lang'-gwid le. ad. Weakly; feebly. 
Boyle. 

LANGUIDNESS, lang'-gwfd-nes. re. 5. Weakness ; 
feebleness; want of strength. Life of A. Wood. 

To LA'NGUISH, lang'-gwlsh. 340. v. re. [languir, 
Fr. ; langueo, Lat.] To grow feeble ; to pine away; 
to lose strength. Slvak. To be no longer vigorous 
in motion ; not to be vivid in appearance. To 
sink or pine under sorrow, or any slow passion. 
Hosea, iv. To look with softness or tenderness. 
Drijden. 

LA'NGUISH, lang'-gwlsh. re. s. Act or state of pin- 
ing. Shakspeare. Soft appearance. Pope. 

To LANGUISH*, lang'-gwlsh. v. a. To make 
feeble ; to cause to droop ; to depress ; to wear 
out. Shakspeare. 

LA'NGUISHER*, lang'-gwlsh- fir. re. s. One who 
pines or languishes. Mrs. E. Carter. 

LANGUISHING*, lang'-gwlsh-lng. re. s. Feeble- 
ness; loss of strength. Decay of Christian Piety. 

LANGUISHINGLY, lang'-gwlsh-lng-le.arf. Weak- 
ly ; feebly ; with feeble softness. Pope. Dully ; tedi- 
ously. SidTiey. With soft appearance. Thomson. 

LA'NGUISHMENT, lang'-gwlsh-ment. re. r* [Ian- 
guissernment, Fr.] State of pining. Spenser. Soft- 
ness of mien. Dri/den. 

LA'NGUOR, lang'-gwfir. 166, 344. n. s. [Lat.] 
Faintness; weansomeness. Spenser. Listlessness ; 
inattention. Watts. Softness; laxity. Pope. 

LA'NGUOROUS, lang'-gw&r-us. a. [languereux, 
Fr.] Tedious; melancholy. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To LA'NGURE*, lang'-gure. v.n. [langueo, Lat.] 
To languish. Cliaucer. Ob. T. 

LANIARY$* la'-ne-a-re. n.s. [/arew ; Lat.] Asham 
bles. Cockeram. 

To LANIATE, la'-ne-ate. 91. v. a. To tear in 
pieces; to quarter; to lacerate. Cockeram. 

LANIFICE, lan'-e-fk 142. re. s. [lanifcium, Lat.] 
Woollen manufacture. Bacon. 

LANIGEROUS, la-nld'-jer-us. a. [laniger, Lat.] 
Bearing wool. 

LANK§, langk. 408. a. [lancke, Dutch.] Loose; not 
filled up ; not stiffened out ; not fat ; not plump ; 
slender. Shak. Faint; languid. Milton. 

To LANK*, langk. v. re. To become lank ; to fall 
awav. SfiaJcspeare. 

LANKLY*, langkMe. ad. Loosely ; thinly. Sir J. 
Hill. 

L ANKNESS, langk'-nes. re. 5. Want of plumpness 
Sherwood. 

LA'NKY*, langk'-e. a. A vulgar expression to denote 
a tall, thin person. 

LA'NNER, lan'-nfir. 98. n.s. [lanier.Fr.; Umnarim 
Lat.] A species of hawk. Sir T. Brown. 

LANNERET, lan'-ne-rtk. re.s. A little hawk. Butler 

LANTERLO'O*. See Langteraloo. 

LANSQUENET. lan'-sken-neH. re. s. [Fr. ; lance, 
and knecht, Dutch.] A common foot soldier. A 
game at cards. 

05= This word, as a game at cards, is altered, by the vol- 
gar, into lambskinnet. This is something, at least, 
which they understand ; and this very intelligibility 
confirms them in the corruption. — See Asparagus. W. 

LANTERN, Jan'-tfirn. 98, 418. re. s. [lanterne, Fr. ; 
laterna, Lat.] A transparent case for a candle. Ba- 
con. A lighthouse; a light hung out to guide 
ships. Addison. [h\ architecture.] A kind oflittle 
648 



LAP 










L 


AS 


— 116, move, 


nor 


n6t; 


-tube, tAb, hull ; — 611 5 


— pfiund 3 


— thhi 


THIS. 



dome raised over a large one, or over the roof of a 
building; a sort of turret full of windows, by means 
of which the building is illuminated. Wdrton. 

35" This word, says Dr. Johnson, is often by mistake 

written lanthorn. The cause of this mistake is easy. 

Transparent cases for candles were generally made of 

horn: and this was sufficient to persuade those, who 

knew nothing of the derivation of the word from the 

Latin Interna, that this was its true etymology. — See 

Asparagus. W. 
LA NTERN Jaws, lan'-turn-jawz. A term used of a 

thin visage. Addison. 
LANU'GlNOUS, Ja-mV-jin-Qs. 314. a. [kmuginosus, 

LatJ Downs j covered with soft hair. 
LA Ni ARDS*. lan'-yards. n. s. pi. Small ropes or 

short pieces of cord fastened to several machines in 

a ship. G. A. Stevens. 
LAP §, lap. ti.s. [laeppe, Sax.] The loose part of a 

garment, which may be doubled at pleasure. 

Chaucer. The part of the clothes that is spread 

horizontally over the knees, as one sits down, so as 

any thing may lie in it. Speiiser. 
To LAP. lap. v. a. To wrap or twist round any tiling. 

Wiclitfe. To involve in any thing. Spenser. 
To LAP, lap. v. n. To be spread or turned over any 

thing. Greic. 
To LAP}, lap. r. n. [lappian,Sax.] To feed by quick 

reciprocations of the tongue. Digby. 
To LAP, lap. 0. a. To lick up. Judges, vii. 
LATDOG. lap'-ddj 



A little dog, fondled by 



ladies in the iap. Collier 

LAPE'L*. la-pel'. 7?. s. That part of the coat which 
wraps over ; the facing. 

LA'PFUL, lap'-ful. 406. n. s. As much as can be 
contained in the lap. 2 Ki?igs. 

LAPICIDE, lap'-e-slde. n. s. [tapicida; Lat.] A 
stonecutter. Did. 

LA'PIDARYS. lap'-e-dar-e. „. Sm [lapidaire, Fr.] 
One who deals in stones or gems. Knigld. 

LA'PID ARY* lap'-e-dar-e. a. Monumental ; inscrib- 
ed on stone. Connoisseur. 

To LAPIDATE, lap'-e-date. v. a. [lapido, Lat.] To 
stone ; to kill by stoning. Diet. 

LAPIDATION, lap-e-da'-shun. n. s. [lapidaiw. 
Lat.lA stoning. Bp. Hall. 

LAPFDEOUS, la-pld'-e-us. a. [lapndeus, Lat.] 
Stony. Ray. 

LAPlDESCENCE, lap-e-des'-sense. 510. n. s, [la- 
pidasco. LatJ Stony concretion. Brown. 

LAPIDE SCENT, lap-e-deV-sent. a. Growing or 
turning to stone. Evelyn. 

LAPIDIFICATION, la-p?d-e-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. The 
act of forming stones. Bacon. 

LAPIDFFICK, lap-e-dlf-fik. 509. a. Forming- 
stones. Grew. 

LA'PIDIST, lap'-e-dist. n. s. A dealer in stones or 
gems. Ray. 

LAPIS, la'-pis. n. s. [Lat.] A stone. 

LAPIS Lazuli, la-pls-lazh'-u-ll. n. s. The azure 
stone, a copper ore. Hill. 

LA'PLING*, lap'-lnig. n. s. [from ktp.] A term of 
contempt for one wrapped up in sensual delights. 
Hewyt. 

LA PPER, lap'-pur. 98. n. s. One who wraps up. 
Swift. One who laps or licks. 

LAPPET, lap'-pit. 99. n. s. The parts of a head 
dress that hang loose. Swift. 

LAPSE §, lapse, n. s. [lapsus. Lat.] Flow ; fall ; glide ; 
smooth course. Milton. Petty errourj small mis- 
take. Brown. Translation of right from one to 
another. Ayliffe. 

To LAPSE, lapse, v. n. To glide slowly; to fall by 
degrees. Swift. To fail in any thing ; to slip. 
Shak. To slip as by inadvertency or mistake. 
Addison. To fall by the negligence of one pro- 
prietor to another. Aylijfe. To fall from perfec- 
tion, truth, or faith. Decay of Christian Piety. 

To LAPSE*, laps. v. a. To suffer to slip; to suffer to 
fall or be vacant. Abp. Laud. To accuse ; to con- 
vict of a fault. Sfiakspeare. 

LAPSED*, lapst. part. a. Fallen by event. Black- 
stone. Fallen from perfection, truth, or faith. Mil- 



ton. Omitted or let slip by mislake or inadver- 
tency. Watts. 

L A'P W IN G , III '-wing. n. s. A clamorous bird with 

j long wings. Shakspeare. 

L A'P WORK, lap'-w&rk. n. s. Work in which one 
part is interchangeably wrapped over the other 
Grew. 

LAR*, lar. n. s. [Lat.] A household god. Lovelace. 

LA RBOARD, letr'-bord. n. 5. The left hand side of 
a ship, when you stand with your face to die head : 
opposed to the starboard. Harris. 

LA'RCENY, lar'-se-ne. n. s. [larcin, Fr.; latrocini- 
um, Lat.] Theft ; robbery. Blaclcstone. 

LARCH, lartsh. 352. n.s. [laiix, Lat.] A tree. Ad- 
dison. 

LARD 1, lard. 81. n. s. [lardum, Lat. } lard, Fr.] The 
grease of swine. Donne. Bacon ; the flesh of swine. 
Dry den. 
To LARD, lard. v. a. [larder, Fr.] To stuff with ba- 
con. Dryden. To fatten. Spe?iser. To mix with 
something else by way of improvement. Shak. 
To LARD*, lard. v. n. To grow fat. Drayton. 

LAUDER, lar'-dor. 98. n. s. [tardier, old Fr.] The 
room where meat is kept or salted. Ascham. 

LA'RDERER, lar'-dur-ur. n. s. One who has the 
charge of the larder. 

LA'RDON, kV-dun. n. s. [Fr.] A bit of bacon. 

LA'RDRY*, lard'-re. n. s. Place in which victuals 
are kept. Warner. 

LARE*, lare. n. s. [jape, Isepe, Sax.] Learning 1 
scholarship. 

LARGE s\ lardje. a. [Fr. ; largus, Lat.] Big ; bulky. 
Temple. Wide ; extensive. Carew. Liberal j 
abundant ; plentiful. Ezekiel. Comprehensive } 
great. More. Copious; diffuse. Clarendon. — At 
large. Without restraint. Bacon. Diffusely 5 in 
the full extent. Watts. 

LA'RGELY, lardje'-le. ad. Widely; extensively. 
Copiously; diffusely; amply. Watts. Liberally, 
bounteously. Dryden. Abundantly j without spar- 
ing. Milton. 

LA'RGENESS, lardje'-nes. n. s. Bigness ■■ bulk. 
Sprat. Liberality. Lib. Fesiiv. Greatnea com- 
prehension. Collier. Extension ; amplitude. Hooker. 
Wideness. Benlley. 

LARGEHE'ARTEDNESS*, lardje-harV-ed-nes. 
n. s. Largeness of heart. Bp. Reynolds. 

LARGESS, lar'-jes. n. s. [largesse, Fr.] A present; 
a gift 5 a bounty. Shakspeare. 

LARGI'TION, lar-jfsh'-mi. n.s. [la, gitio, Lat.] The 
act of giving. Diet. 

LA'RGO*, lar'-g6. \ n. s. [Ital.] Musical 

LARGHE' TTO*, lar-get'-t6. < terms, denoting a 
slow movement ; of which the former means a little 
quicker than adagio, and the latter a little quicker 
than largo. 

LARK§, lark. n. s. [lapepc, Sax.] A small singing 
bird. Shaksjieare. 

LA'RKER, lark'-fir. 98. n.s. A catcher of larks. 
Diet. 

LA'RKLIKE*, lark'-like. a. Resembling the man- 
ner of a lark. Young. 

LARKSHEEL*, larks'-heel. n. s. A flower called 
Indian cress. Tate. 

LA'RKSPUR, lark'-sptir. n.s. A plant. Tate. 

LA'RUM, lar'-rum. 81. n. s. [alarum or alarm.] 
Alarm ; noise noting danger. Spenser. An instru- 
ment that makes a noise at a certain hour. Wil- 
kins. 

LA RVATED, lar'-va-t£d. a. [larvalus, Lat.] Mask- 
ed. 

LARYNGOTOMY, lar-m-g6t'-6-me. 518. n. s. 
[\dpvyt and riuvu).] An operation where the fore 
part of the larynx is divided to assist respiration,, 
during large tumours upon the upper parts ; as in 
a quinsy. Quincy. 

LARYNX, la'-rfnks. n.s. [AaW.] The upper part 
of the trachea, which lies below the root of the 
tongue, before the pharynx. Quincy. [In botany.] 
The larch. Drummond. 

LA'SCAR-'S lus'-kar. n.s. A native seaman, or a 
native gunner, of India. 
, * 549 



LAT 



LAT 



(CF 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— roe, met ;— pine, pin 



LASCI'VIENCY**, la-s?v'-ve-en-se. n.s. Wanton- 
ness. HallyvoelL 

LASCFVIENT, la-sfv'-ve-ent. 542. a. Frolicksome ; 
wantoning. More. 

LASCFVIOUS, la-slv'-ve-os. 542. a. [lascivus, Lat.] 
Lewd; FiistfuK Shak. Wanton; soft; luxurious. 
■Shakspeare. 

LASCFVIOUSLY, la-sfv'-ve-us-le. ad. Lewdly; 
wantonly; loosel v. Burton. 

LASCFVIOUSNESS, ia-slv'-ve-us-ngs, n. s. Wan- 
tonness ; looseness. Dryden. 

LASH §, lash. n. s. [laschen, Germ,] A stroke with 
any thing pliant and tough. Dryden. The thong 
•or point of the whip. Sliak. A leash, or string in 
which an animal is held ; a snare. Tusser. A stroke 
of satire ; a sarcasm. L' Estrange. 

To LASH, lash. v. a. To strike with any thing pli- 
ant ; to scourge. S.'iak. To move with a sudden 
spring or jerk. Dryden. To beat ; to strike with a 
sharp sound. Piior. To scourge with satire. Pope. 
To tie any thing down to the side or mast of a ship ; 
properly, to lace. 

To LASH, lash. v. n. To ply the whip. Spenser. 

LASH-FREE*, lash'-fre. a. Free from the stroke of 
satire. B. Jonson. 

To LASH out§*, lash'-out. v. n. [lausgan, Goth.] To 
breakout; to be extravagant; to become unruly. 
FeUham, 

LA'SHER, lash'-ur. 98. n. s. One that whips or 
lashes. Slverwood. 

LA'SHING out*, lash'-mg-Sut, n. s. Extravagance ; 
unruliness, Souilu 

L ASK*, lask, n. s. [looms, Lat.] A looseness ; a lax ; 
a flux. Burton. 

LASS §, las. 79. n. s. (from lad is formed laddess, by 
contraction lass.] A girl ; a maid ; a young woman. 
Waller. 

LA'SSITUDE, las'-se-tude. n. s. [lassitude, Lat.] 
Weariness; fatigue. Bacon. 

LA'SSLORN, las'-l6m. [See Forlorn.] a. [foss 
and lorn.] Forsaken by his mistress. Shak. Ob. J. 

LAST $, last. 79. a. [latent, lapfe, Sax.] Latest; 
that which follows all the rest in time. 2 Sam. xix. 
Hindmost; which follows in order of place. Pope. 
Beyond which there is no more. Amos, ix. Low- 
est ; the meanest. Pope. Next before the present ; 
as, last week. Utmost. Dryden. — At last. In conclu- 
sion ; at the end. Gen. xlix. Tlie last. The end. Pope. 

LAST, last. ad. The last time ; the time next before 
the present. Shak. In conclusion. Dryden. 

To LAST, last. v. n. [la r tean, Sax.] To endure; to 
continue ; to persevere. Sidney. 

LAST, last, n. s. [larfce, laerfc, Sax.] The mould 
on which shoes are formed. Addison, [last, Germ.] 
A load ; a certaiu weight or measure. 

L A'STERY. las'-te-re. n. s. A red colour. Spenser. 

LA'ST AGE'$, las'-ddje. 90. n.s. [lestage, Fr.] Cus- 
tom paid for freightage. Ballast for a ship. Huloet. 

LA'STAGED* last'-idj'd. a. Ballas,. d. Huloet. 

LA'STING, las'-ling. 410. part. a. Continuing ; dur- 
able. Ray, Of long continuance; perpetual. Boyle. 

LA'STINGLY, las'-tlng-le. ad. Perpetually ; durably. 
Sir T. Brown. 

LA'STINGNESS, las'-ting-nes. n.s. Durableness; 
continuance. Sidney. 

LA'STLY, lasf'-le. ad. In the last place. Bacon. In 
the conclusion; at last; finally. 

LATCH §, latsh. n.s. [fete, Teat.; laccio, Ital.] A 
catch of a door moved by a string, or a handle. 
Gay. 
To LATCH, latsh. v. a. To catch, [laeccan, Sax.] 
Spenser. To fasten ; to fasten with a latch. Spen- 
ser, [lecher, Fr.] To smear. Slvakspeare. 

LATCHES, latshj-ez. n. s. Small lines, like loops, 

fastened by sewing into the bonnets and drablers 

of a ship, in order to lace the bonnets to the courses 

or the drablers of the bonnets. Harris. 

LATCHET, latsh'-et. 99. n.s. [hxcet, Fr.] The string 

that fastens the shoe. St. Mark, i. 
LATE §, late. a. [laefc, Sax.; comparative, latter or 
later ; superlative, latest or last.] Contrary to early. 
Slow j tardy ; long delayed. Milton. Last in any 



place, office, or character. Addison. Last in time ; 
asi, of late days, of late years. The deceased ; with- 
in a moderate period, as, " the works of the late 
Dr. Johnson." Far in the day or night. 

LATE, late. ad. After long delays ; after a long time. 
Shak. In a later season. Bacon. Lately ; not long 
ago. Spenser. Far in the day or night. Slia/c . — 
Of late. Lately ; in times past'. Locke. 

To LATE* late. v. a. [lata, Icel.] Jo seek ; to 
search. 

LATED, la'-ted. a. Belated; surprised by the night. 
Shakspeare. 

LATELY, late'-le. ad. Not long ago. Acts, xviii. 

LATENCY $*, la'-ten-se. n. s. [latens, Lat.] The 
state of being hidden; obscurity; abstruseness. 
Paley. 

LATENESS, late'-nes. n. s. Time far advanced. 
Swift. Comparatively, modern time. Costard. 

LATENT, la'-tent. a. [latens, Lat.] Hidden; con- 
cealed ; secret. Woodward. 

LATERAL §, lat'-ter-al. a. [lateralis, Lat.] Grow- 
ing out on the side ; belonging to the side. Ray. 
Placed or acting on the side. Milton. 

LATERALITY, lat-ter-al'-e-te. n.s. The quality of 
having distinct sides. Brown. 

LATERALLY, lal'-ter-al-e. ad. By the side ; side- 
wise. Holder. 

LATERED*, la'-terd. part. a. [lafcian, Sax.] De- 
layed. Chancer. 

LATEWARD*, late'-ward. 88. a. [late, and peajib, 
Sax.] Backward; as, lateward hay, lateward fruit. 
Huloet. 

LATEWARD, late'-ward. ad. Somewhat late. 

LATH §, \Uh. 78. n. s. [latta, Sax.] A small, lcng 
piece of wood used to support the tiles of houses. 
Moxon. 

To LATH, \hh. v. a. [latter, Fr.] To fit up with 
laths. Mortimer. 

LATH, latf/i. n. s. [tee??, Sax.] A part of a county. 
Spenser. 

LATHE, laTHe. n.s. The tool of a turner, by which 
he turns about his matter so as to shape it by the 
chisel. Ray. A barn. Chaucer. 

To LATHER §, laTH'-ur. v. n. [leSpian, Sax ] To 
form a foam. Baynard, 

To LATHER, laTH'-ur. v. a. To cover with foam 
of water and soap. 

LATHER, laTH'-ur. 98. n.s. A foam or froth made 
commonly by beating soap with water. 

LATHY* laf/i'-e. a. Thin or long as a lath. 

LATIN S/lat'-tln. 159. a. [Latitats.'] Written or 
spoken in the language of the old Romans. Locke. 

LATIN, lat'-tln. n. s. The Latin language. Addison. 
An exercise practised by school-boys, who turn 
English into Latin. Ascham. 

To LATIN* lat'-tin. v. a. To render into Latin. 
Wilson, Ob. T. 

LATINISM, lat'-tln-fzm. n.s. A Latin idiom; a 
mode of speech peculiar to the Latin. Addison. 

LAT1NIST, lat'-tfn-lst. n.s. One skilled in Latin. 
Lord Herbert. 

L ATFNITY, la-uV-ne-te. .n. s. Purity of Latin style ; 
the Latin tongue. Bp. Hall. 

To LATINIZE, lat'-tln-lze. v. n. To use words or 
phrases borrowed from the Latin. Dryden. 

To LATINIZE, lat'-tln-ize. v. a. To give names a 
Latin termination; to make them Latin. Watts. 

LATINLY*, lat'-tin-le. ad. So as to understand or 
write Latin. Heylin. 

LATISH, late'-ish. a. Somewhat late. 

LATIRO'STROUS, la-te-ros'-trus. a. [latus and 
rostrum, Lat.] Broadbeaked. Brown. 

LATITANCY§, lat'-te-tan-se. n. s. [latdtans, Lat.] 
Delitescence ; the state of lying hid. Broicn. 

LATITANT, lat'-te-tant. a. Delitescent ; concealed ; 
lying hid. Broicn. 

LATITAT*, lat'-e-tat. n.s. [Lat.] A writ by which 
all men in personal actions are called originally to 
the King's Bench ; and has the name, as supposing 
that the defendant doth lurk and lie hid. Cowel. 

LATITATION, lat-e-ta'-shun. n. s. The state of 
lyinar concealed. 

550 



LAU 



LAV 



— 116, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound 5— tlnn, thjs. 



I.ATITUDE, lat'-te-tude.. n. s. [latitude, Lat.] 
Breadth ; width ; in bodies of unequal dimensions. 
the shorter axis ; in equal bodies, the line drawn 
irom right to left. Wotton. Room ; space ; extent. 
Locke. The extent of the earth or heavens, peckoa- 
ed from the equator to either pole. Swift. A par- 
ticular degree, reckoned from the equator. Addison. 
Unrestrained acceptation. King- Charles. Free- 
dom from settled rules ; laxity. *~Bp. Taylor. Ex- 
tent ; diffusion. Brown. 

LATITUDINA'RIAN, lat-e-tu-de-na'-ri-an. a. Not 
restrained; not confined. Collier. Free in reli- 
gious opinions. Burnet. 

LATITUDINA'RIAN, lat-e-tu-de-na'-re-an. n. s. 
One who departs from orthodoxy ; one who is free 
in religious opinions. Bentley. 

LATITUDINA'RIANISM*, lat-e-tu-de-na'-re-an- 
izm. n. s. State of a latitudinarian. Dr. Pan. 

LATRANT $, la'-lrant. a. Uatrans, Lat.1 Barking. 
Tkkeil. "■ , ° 

To LATRATE*. la'-trate. v. n. [latro, Lat.| To 
bark like a dog. Cockeram. 

LATRATION*, la-tra'-shun. n.s. The act of balk- 
ing. Cockeram. 

LATRTAAk'-irk-L 92. n. s. [Xarpeia, Gr.; latne, 
Fr.] The highest kind of worship : distinguished by 
the papists from dulia. or inferiour worship. Sti- 
lingjleet. 

§Cr This word, by being derived from the Greek \aroda 
is pronounced by Johnson, and after him by Ash, with, 
the accent on the penultimate syllable. Both of themj 
had forgot their Greek in the word dulia, (see the Ap- 
pendix^) which they accent on the antepenultimate, 
tnough derived from ZovXeia. One of these modes of 
accentuation must be wrong ; and my opinion is, that, 
as these words are appellatives, we should adopt that 
accent which Dr. Johnson did when his Greek was out 
of his head ; that is, the antepenultimate. — See Cyclo- 
pedia. W. 

LATROCINY* laf-ro-sln-e. n. s. [latrocinium, 
LaU Robbery ; larceny. Stackhouse. 

LATTEN.latMem 99, 103. n.s. [lattoen. Dutch.] A 
mixed kind of metal, made of copper and calamine : 
said by some to be the old orichalc. Gower. 

LATTER $, lat'-tur. 98. a. [the comparative of late. 
See Late.] Happening after something else. Mil- 
ton. Modern ; lately done or past. Locke. Men- 
tioned last of two. Watts. 

LATTERLY, lat'-tur-le. 557. ad. Of late. A low 
word. Richardson. 

LATTERMATH*, lat'-tur-mai/i. n. s. {latter, and 
mapeo\ Sax.] That which is mown later, or after 
a former mowing. 

LATTICES, lat'-tls. 140, 142. n. s. [latlis, Fr.] A 
reticulated window ; a window made with sticks 
or irons crossing each other at small distances. 
Shakspeare.. 

To LATTICE, lat'-tls. t\ a. To decussate, or cross; 
to mark with cross parts like a lattice. Sherwood. 

LAUD $, lawd. 213. n. s. [laus, Lat.] Praise ; honour 
paid; celebration. Pope. That part of divine wor- 
ship which consists in praise. Bacon. 

To LAUD, lawd. v. a. [laudo, Lat.] To praise 5 to 
celebrate. Bentley. 

LAUDABI'LITY* law-da-bll'-e-te. n. s. Praise- 
worthiness. Mem. of Abp. Tennison. 

LA'UDABLE, law'-da-bl. 405. a. Praise-worthy ; 
commendable. Shakspeare. Healthy; salubrious. 
Arbidluiot. 

LA UDABLENESS, law'-da-bl-nes. ti.5. Praise- 
worthiness. Stackhouse. 

LA'UDABLY, law'-da-ble. ad. In a manner deserv- 
ing praise. Dniden. 

LATJDANUM, l&d'-da-num. 217. n. s. [a cant word, 
from laudo, Lat.] A soporifick tincture. 

LAUDATION*,law-da / -shfin. n. s. [laudatio, Lat.] 
Praise ; honour paid. Parfre. Ob. T. 

LA'UDATIVE*, law'-da-tlv. n, 
Panegyrick. Bacon. 

LA'UDATORY*, law'-da-tdr-^. a. Containing 
praise ; bestowing praise. Udall. 

LA'UDATORY*, law'-da-tur-e. n. s. That which 
contains or bestows praise. Milton. 



s. [laudativus , Lat.] 



LA'UDER*, laV-dur. n. s. A praiser ; a commender. 

Cotgrave. 
To LAUGH*., laf. 215, 391. v.n. [hlahan, Sax.; 
Lichen, Germ.] To make that noise which sudden 
merriment excites. Bacon. [In poetry.] To appear 
gay, favourable, pleasant, or fertile. Sliakspeare 

To LAUGH, laf. v. a. To deride ; to scorn. Shak.— 
To laugh at. To treat with contempt 5 to ridicule. 
Shakspeare. 

LAUGH, laf. n. s. The convulsion caused by merri- 
ment ; an inarticulate expression of sudden merri- 
ment. Pope. 

LAUGH-WORTHY*, laf-wur-THe. a. Deserving 
to be laughed at. B. Jonson. 

LAUGH AND LAY DOWN*, n. s. A game ai 
cards. Skelton. 

LA'UGHABLE, laf-a-bl. 405. a. Such as may 
properly excite laughter. Shakspeare. 

LAUGHER, laf -fir. 98. n. s. A man fond of merri 
ment. Shakspeare. 

LAUGHINGLY, laf -Ing-le. ad. In a merry way; 
merrily. Fox. 

LA'UGHINGSTOCK, laf-lng-stok. n.s. [laugh and 
stocks A butt; an object of ridicule. Spenser. 

LA'UGHTER, laf-tur. 98. n. s. Convulsive merri- 
ment ; an inarticulate expression of sudden merri- 
ment. Brown. 

LAUNCE*. See Lance. 

To LAUNCH §,lansh. 214. v.n. [from /a7?cc,becaase 
a ship is pushed into water with great force.] To 
force a vessel into the sea. St. Luke. To rove at 
large ; to expatiate ; to make excursions. Dairies. 
To plunge into : as. The man launched into an ex- 
pensive way of living. 

To LAUNCH, lansh. 352. v. a. Topushtosea. King 
Charles. To dart from the hand. Dry den. 

LAUNCH*, lansh. 71.5. The act of putting a ship out 
of the dock, and launching her into the water. A 
particular kind of long boat. 

lAUND, lawnd. n. s. \Jande, Fr.] Lawn ; a plain ex- 
tended between woods. Chaucer. 

LA'UNDERS* lan'-d&r. n.s. [lavundiere, Fr.] A 
woman whose employment is to wash clothes. Sid- 
ney. 

To LA'UNDER*, lan'-d&r. v. a. To wash ; to wet. 
Shakspeare. 

IATJNDERER*, lan'-dur-ur. n. s. A man that fol- 
lows the husiness of washing. Butler. 

LA'UNDRESS, lan'-dres. 214. n. s. A woman whose 
employment is to wash clothes. Camden. 

ToLA'UNDRESS*. llu'-dres. v. n. To do the work 
of a laundress. Blount. Ob. T. 

LAUNDRY, lan'-dre. n.s. [lavanderie, Fr.] The 
room in which clothes are washed. Swift. The 
act or state of washing. Bacon. 

To LATJREATE^*, law'-re-ate. 91. v.a. [laureatus, 
Lat J To crown with laurel. Warton. 

LA'UREATE, law'-re-at. 91. a. Decked or invested 
with a lrrel. Chaucer. 

LA'UREATE*, law'-re-at. n. s. One crowned with 
laurel. In King Edward the Fourth's time the 
king's poet was first so called ; and the laureate still 
continues to be the title of his successors. Pope. 

LAUREATION, law-re-a'-sh&n. n. s. It denotes, in 
the Scottish universities, the act or state of having 
degrees conferred, and is so used in reference to 
the degrees conferred by our own universities. 
Warton. 

LATJREL f, l&r'-ril. 99, 217. n. s. [laurus, Lat.] A 
tree, called also the cherry bay. Spenser. 

LA'URELLED, lor'-rlld. 359. a. Crowned or deco- 
rated with laurel ; laureate. Dryden. 

LA'URUSTINE* law'-rus-dne. )7i.s. [laurvr- 

LAURUSTI'NUS*, law-rus-tl'-nus. \ tinus, Lat.] 
An evergreen shrub, which flowers about Michael- 
mas, and holds its flowers through the winter. 
Guardian. 

LA 1 VA*, la/-va. n. s. [Italian.] Liquid and vitrified 
matter discharged by volcanoes. Sir J. Hill. 

LAVATION,la-va'-shun. n.s. [lavatio, Lat.] The 
act of washing. Hakewill. 

LATATORY lav'-va-t&r-e. 512. [See Domestick.1 
551 



LAW 



LAY 



in? 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



n. s. [law, Lat.] A wash ; something in which 
parts diseased are washed. Ricaut. 
To LAVE §, lave. v. a. [lave, Lat.] To wash ; to 
bathe. Dryden. [lever, Fr.] To throw up , to 
lade ; to draw out. B. Jonson. 
To LAVE, lave. v. n. To wash himself; to bathe. 

Pope. 
LAVE-EARED*, lave'-eerd. a. Having large ears 

hanging down. Bp. Hall. 
To LAVE'ER, la-veer 7 , v. n. [veeren, Dutch.] To 

change the direction often in a course. Lovelace. 
LAVENDER, lav'-v^n-dur. 98. n. s. [lavendula, 

Lat.J A olant. Miller. 
LA'VER, la'-vSr. 98. n. s. [lavoir, Fr.] A washing 

vessel. Milton. A washer. 
LA'VEROCK* liV-ar-ok. n. s. [lauejic, Sax.] A 

lark. Cltaucer. 
LA'VISH^, lav'-?sh. a. [perhaps from to lave, to 
throw out.] Prodigal ; wasteful ; indiscreetly liberal. 
Dryden. Scattered in waste ; profuse. Wild ; un- 
restrained. Sluxkspeare. 
To LA'VISH, laV-ish. v. a. To scatter with profu- 
sion ; to waste. Addison. 
LA'VISHER, lav'-fsh-flr. 98. n. s. A prodigal; a 

profuse man. Fotherby. 
LA'VISHLY, lav'-?sh-le. atf. Profusely; prodigally. 

Dryden. 
LAVISHMENT, lavMsh-ment. ) n. s. Prodigality ; 
LAVISHNESS, lav'-?sh-nes. \ profusion. Spen- 
ser. 
LA VOLT A, la-v&l'-ta. 92. n. 5. [la volta, Ital.] An 
old dance in which was much turning and much 
capering. Slia/cspeare. 
LAW§,law. n.s. [la#a, Sax. \loi, Fr.; laiogh,'Erse.] 
A rule of action. Hooker. A decree, edict, statute, 
or custom, publickly established. Milton. A decree 
authoritatively annexing rewards or punishments to 
certain actions Milton.. Judicial process. Shale. 
A distinct edict or rule. Baker. Conformity to 
law; anything lawful. Shak. The rules or axi 
cms of science : as, the laws of mechanicks. An 
established and constant mode or process ; a fixed 
correspondence of cause and effect : as, the laws of 
magnetism. Hooker. The Mosaical institution, dis- 
tinguished from the Gospel. Milton. The books ir. 
which the Jewish religion is delivered, distinguish' 
ed from the prophets. St. Matt. vii. A particular 
form or mode of trying and judging; as, law mar- 
tial, laiu mercantile. Jurisprudence ; the study of 
law. 
LAWBREAKER*, law'-bra-kur. n. s. [lab.bp.eca, 

Sax.] One who violates a law. Milton. 
LA'WDAY*, law'-da. n. s. A day of open court. 

Slvxkspeare. 
LAWFUL, law'-f ul. 406. a. Agreeable to law ; con- 
formable to law ; allowed by law. St. Matt. xiv. 
LA'WFULLY, law'-ful-e. ad. Legally ; agreeably 

to law. Shakspeare. 
LAWFULNESS, law'-ful-nes. n.s. Legality; al- 
lowance of law. Bacon. 
LAWGIVER, law'-glv-ur. 98. n.s. Legislator; one 

that makes laws. Bacon. 
LAWGIVING, law'-glv-lng. a. Legislative. Mil- 
ton. 
LA'WLESS, lawMes. a. Unrestrained by any law ; 
not subject to law. Raleigh. Contrary to law ; il- 
legal. Shakspeare. 
LA'WLESSLY, law'-les-le. ad. In a manner con- 
trary to law. Shakspeare. 
LAWLESSNESS*, law'-les-nes. n. s. Disorder ; 

disobedience to law. Spenser. 
LA'WMAKER, law'-ma-kftr. n.s. Legislator ; one 

who makes laws ; a lawgiver. Hooker. 
LA'WMONGER*, law'-mung-g&r. n. s. A smatterer 

in law ; a low dealer in law. Milton. 
LAWN §, lawn. n. s. [lande, Fr. ; land, Dan. ; llan, 
Welsh.] An open space between woods ; original- 
ly, a plain not ploughed. Milton, [linon, Fr.] 
Fine linen, remarkable for being used in the 
sleeves of bishops. Prior. 
LAWN*, lawn. a. Made of lawn; resembling lawn. 
Marston. 



LA'WNY* law'-ne. a. Having lawns; interspersed 
with lawns. W. Browne. Made of lawn or fine 
linen. Bp. Hall. 
LAWSUIT, law'-sute. n. s. [law and suit.] A pro- 
cess n law ; a litigation. Sicift. 
L A'WYER, law'-yer. 98. n. s.JTrom low.] Professor 

of lav/; advocate; pleader. Sliakspeare. 
LAWfERLY*, law'-y&r-le. a. Judicial. Milton. 
LAX$ laks. a. [laxus, Lat.] Loose; not confined. 
Mitten. Disunited ; not strongly combined. Wood- 
ward Vague ; not rigidly exact. Baker. Loose 
in b»dy, so as to go frequently to stool. Quincy. 
Slaoi ; not tense. Holder. 
LAX, laks. n.s. A looseness; a diarrhoea. See 

Lask. [laex, Sax.] A kind of salmon. 
LAXa'TION, lak-sa'-shfin. n. $. [laxatio, Lat.] The 
act of loosening or slackening. The state of being 
loostned or slackened. 
LAXATP/E, laks'-a-tiV. 512. a. [laxatif, Fr.] Hav 

ing iie power to ease costiveness. Broion. 
LA'XATIVE, laks'-a-Uv. n. s. A medicine slightly 
purgative : a medicine that relaxes the bowels 
without stimulation. Dryden. 
LA'XATirENESS, laks'-a-tlv-nes. n. s. Power of 

easing costiveness. Shencood. 
Li/XITY, laks'-e-te. n. s. [laxitas, Lat.] Not com- 
pression ; not close cohesion ; slackness of contex- 
ture. Bentley. Contrariety to rigorous precision ; 
as, laxity of expression. Mason. Looseness ; not 
costiveness. Brown. Slackness ; contrariety to 
tension. Quincy. Openness; not closeness. Digby. 
LA'XLY*, laks'-le. ad. Loosely ; without exactness 

or distinction. Dr. Rees. 
LA'XNESS, laks'-nes. n. s. Laxity ; not tension ; not 

precision; not costiveness. Holder. 
LAY, la. Preterit of lie. 

To LAY§, la. v. a. [lec£ah, Sax.] To place; to 
put ; to reposit. Jonah, iii. To place a*long. Ecclus. 
vii. To beat down com orqrass. Bacon. To keep 
from rising ; to settle ; to still. Slutk. To fix deep ; 
to dispose regularly. Bacon. To put; to place. 
Shak. To bury ; to inter. Acts, xiii. To station 
or place privily. Jos. viii. To spread on a surface. 
Watts. To paint ; to enamel. Locke. To put into 
any state of quiet. Bacon. To calm ; to still ; to 
allay. B. Jonson. To prohibit a spirit to walk. 
V Estrange. To set on the table. Hos. xi. To 
propagate plants by fixing their twigs in the ground. 
Mortimer. To wager ; to stake. Dryden. To re- 
posit any thing. Psal. Ixxxiv. To exclude eggs. 
Bacon. To apply with violence. Ezek. iv. ^ To 
apply nearly. Prov. xxxi. To add ; to conjoin. 
Isa. v. To put in a state implying somewhat of 
disclosure. Wiseman. To scheme ; to contrive. 
Chapman. To charge as a payment. Locke. To 
impute; to charge. Temple. "To impose, as evil 
or punishment. Slrnk. To enjoin, as a duty, or a 
rule of action. Acts, xv. To exhibit ; to offer. 
Acts, xxv. To throw by violence. Tsa. xxvi. To 
place in comparison. Raleigh. — To lay ahold. To 
bring a ship to lie as near the wind as she can, in 
order to keep clear of the land, and get her out to 
sea. Steevens. To lay apart. To reject ; to put 
away. James, l. To lay aside. To put away; not 
to retain. Heb. xii. To lay aivay. To put from 
one ; not to keep. Esther, xiv. To lay before. To 
expose to view; to show ; to display. Wake. To 
lay by. To reserve for some future time. 1 Cor. 
xvi. To put from one; to dismiss. Bacon. To 
lay down. To deposit as a pledge, equivalent, or 
satisfaction. St. John, x. To quit ; to resign. Spen- 
ser. To commit to repose. Psal. xlviii. To ad- 
vance as a proposition. Abbot. To lay for. To 
attempt by ambush, or insidious practices. Knolles. 
To lay forth. To diffuse ; to expatiate. V Es- 
trange. To place when dead in a decent posture. 
Shak. To lay hold of. To seize; to catch. 
Deut. xxi. To lay in. To store ; to treasure. 
Bacon. To lay on. To apply with violence. 
Locke. To lay open. To show ; to expose. Shak. 
To lay over. To incrust ; to cover ; to decorate 
superficially. Hab.'u. To lay out. To expend. 
55-6 



LEA 



LEA 



-no. move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— fill ;— pound ;—th\r\, THis. 



Jlfiftcwi. To display ; to discover. Atterbury. To 
dispose ; to plan. Notes on the Odyssey. With the 
reciprocal pronoun, to exert ; to put forth. Smal- 
ridge. To compose the limbs of the dead. Brand. 
To lay to. To charge upon. Sidney. To apply 
with vigour. Tusser. To harass; to attack. 
Kiiolles. — To lay together. To collect; to bring 
into one view. South. To lay under. To subject 
to. Addison. To lay up. To confine to the bed 
or chamber. Temple. To store ; to treasure ; to 
reposit for future use. Hooker. 
To LAY, la. v. n. To bring eggs. Mortimer. To 
contrive ; to form a scheme. Daniel. — To lay about. 
To strike on all sides ; to act with great diligence 
and vigour. Spenser. To lay at. To strike ; to 
endeavour to strike. Spenser. To lay fa for. To 
make overtures of oblique invitation. 'Dry den. To 
lay on. To strike ; to beat without intermission. 
Hudibras. To act with vehemence : used of ex- 
penses. Shak. To lay out. To take measures. 
Woodward. To lay upon. To importune. 
Knolles. 
LAY, la. n.s. A row; a stratum; a layer. Bacon. 
A wager. Bp. Hall. Station ; rank. Soli/nan and 
Perseda. 
LAY, la. n.s. [ley, lea$, Sax.] Grassy ground; 
meadow ; ground unploughed : more properly 
written lea. Dry den. 
LAY, la,, n.s. [lay, Fr.; ley, leoo\ Sax.] A song; 

a poem. Spenser. 
LAY, la. a. [laicus. Lat. ; \dos.~\ Not clerical; re- 
garding or belonging to the people, as distinct from 
the clergy. Dryden. 
LA'YER, la/ -fir. 98. n. s. [from lay.] A stratum, or 
row ; a bed ; one body spread over another. Eve- 
lyn. A sprig of a plant. Miller. A hen that lays 
eggs. Mortimer. 
LAYER out*, n. s. One who expends money ; a 

steward. Huloet. 
LAYER up*, n. s. One who reposits for future use; 

a treasurer. Shakspeare. 
LAY-LAND*, laZ-land. n. s. Fallow ground which 

lies unfilled. Sir Caidine, Percy's Rel. 
LA'YMAN, la'-man. 88. n. s. [lay and man.] One 
of the people, distinct from the clergy. Dryden. An 
image used by painters in contriving attitudes. 
Dryden. 
LA YSTALL. la/-stall. n. s. [from lay, and ytal, 

Sax.] A heap of dung. Spenser. 
LA'ZAR S, la/-zar. 418. n. s. [from Lazarus in the 
Gospel.] One deformed and nauseous with filthy 
and pestilential diseases. Spenser. 
LA ZAR-HOUSE, la -zar-h6us. ) n. s. [lazaret., 
LA'ZARET.laz'-a-ret. y Fr. ; Mzzaret- 

LAZARE TTO, laz-ar-reY-lA. S to, Ttal.] A 
house for the reception of the diseased ; an hospital. 
Milton. 
LA'ZARLIKE*, la'-zfir-Jike. ) a. Full of sores ; lep- 
LA'ZARLY*, la'-zfir-le. \ rous. Bp. Hall. 

LA'ZARWORT. la'-zar-wfirt. n.s. A plant. 
To LAZE$*, laze. v. n. To live idly; to be idle. 

Middleton. 
To LAZE*, laze. v. a. To waste in laziness ; to stu- 

pifv bv sloth. Whately. 
LA'ZILY, la'-ze-le. ad. Idly ; sluggishly ; heavily. 

Locke. 
LA'ZLNESS, la'-ze-nes. n. s. Idleness ; sluggish- 
ness ; listlessness ; tardiness. South. 
LA'ZING, la'-zlng. 410. a. Sluggish ; idle. 
LA'ZULI, lazh'-u-li. n. s. A blue stone, veined and 
spotted with white, and a glistening or metallick 
yellow. Woodward. 
LAZYS, la'-ze. a. [lijser, Dan.; losigh, Dutch.] 
Idle ; sluggish ; unwilling to work. Shak. Slow ; 
tedious. Clarendon. 
LD. is a contraction of lord. 
LEA, le. 227. n. s. [ley, Sax.] An extensive plain. 

Spenser. 
LEACH*. See Leech. 

LEAD §, led. 234. n.s.[l8eb,Sax.] The heaviest metal, 
except [platina] gold and quicksilver, but the soft- 
est of all, and very ductile. Hill. In the plural : 
70 



flat roof to walk on ; because houses are covered 
with lead. Shakspeare. 

To LEAD, led. t;. a. To fit with lead in any manner. 
Ecclus. xxxviii. 

Tn LEAD §, lede. 227. v. a. preter. J led ; part, led ; 
[laeban, Sax.] To guide by the hand. St. Luke, 
xiii. To conduct to any place. 1 Sam. xxx. To 
conduct as head or commander. Spenser. To in- 
troduce by going first. Numb, xxvii. To guide ; 
to show the method of attaining. Watts. To draw ; 
to entice ; to allure. Clarendon. To induce ; to 
prevail on by pleasing motives. Shak. To pass ; to 
spend in any certain manner. Milton. 

To LEAD, lede. v. n. To go first, and show the 
way. Gen. xxxiii. To conduct as a commander. 
To show the way, by going first. Wotton. To ex 
ercise dominion. Spenser. — To lead off. To begin. 
Cumberland. > 

LEAD, lede. n.s. Guidance ; first place. Herring. 

LE'ADEN, led'-dn. 103. 234. a. [leaben, Sax.] 
Made of lead. Shak. Heavy; unwilling; motionless. 
Sha.':. Heaw; dull. Sliak. Stupid ; absurd. Fulke. 

LEADEN-HEARTED*, led'-dn-hart-ed. a. Having 
an unfeeling, stupid heart. Thomson. 

LEADEN-HEELED*, led'-dn-heeld. a. Slow in 
progress.. Ford. 

LEADEN-STEPPING*, led'-dn-step-pfng. a. Slow- 
ly moving. Milton. 

LE'ADER, le'-dfir. 98. n.s. One that leads, or con- 
ducts. Captain ; commander. Shak. One who 
goes first. Shale. One at the head of any party or 



taction. Swift. 
. le'- 
Locke. 



LE ADING, le'-dlng. 410. part. a. Principal ; chief. 



LE'ADING* le'-ding. n.s. Guidance; conduct 
by the hand. Shak. Conduct of a commander. 
Spenser. 

LEADING-STRINGS, le'-drng-strlngz. n.s. [lead 
and strings.'] Strings Dy which children, when they 
learn to walk, are held" from falling. Drijden. 

LE'ADMAN, lede'-man. n. s. One who begins or 
leads a dance. B. Jonson. 

LE'ADWORT, led'-wfirt. 234. n. s. A plant. 

LE'ADY*. led'-e. a. Of the colour of lead. Huloet. 

LEAFS, lefe. 227. n. s. leaves, plural, [leap, Sax.] 
The green, deciduous parts of plants and flowers 
Shak. A part of a book, containing two pages 
Spenser. One side of a double door. 1 Kings 
Any thing foliated, or thinly beaten. Camden. 

To LEAF, lefe. v. n. To bring leaves ; to bear leaves. 
Brown. 

LEATAGE*, leef-Idje. n.s. Store of leaves. The 
Silke- Wormes. 

LEA FED*, leeft. a. Bearing or having leaves. 
Huloet. 

LE'AFLESS, lefe'-les. a. Naked of leaves. Govern- 
ment of the Tongue. 

LE'AFY. le'-fe. a. Full of leaves. Slmkspeare. 

LEAGUE §, leeg. 227. n. s. [ligue, Fr. ; ligo, Lat.] 
A confederacy ; a combination either of interest or 
friendship. Shakspeare. 

To LEAGUE, le^g. ». n. To unite on certain terms; 
to confederate. South. 

LEAGUE, leeg. n.s. [lieue, Fr. ; leuca, Lat.] Ameas 
tire of length, containing three miles. Slmkspeare. 

LE'AGUED, leegd. 359. a. Confederated. Phillips. 

LE'AGUER. le'-gfir. 98. n.s. [Dutch, or Flemish.] 
Camp. Shak. One united in a confederacy. Bacon 

LEAKS, leke. 227. n. s. [leke, Dutch.] A breach or 
hole which lets in water. Hooker. 

LEAK*, leke. a. [hlece, Sax.] Leaky. Spenser. 

To LEAK, leke. v. n. To let water in or out. Locke. 
To drop through a breach. Wilkins. 

To LEAK*, leke. v. a. To let out. Hooke. 

LE'AKAGE, le'-kidje. 90. n. s. Stale of a vessel 
that leaks. Bp. Parker. Allowance made for ac- 
cidental loss in liquid measures. 

LEA'KY, le'-ke. a. Battered or pierced, so as to let 
water in or out. Dryden. Loquacious ; not close. 
L'Estrange. 

LEAM*. SeeLEME. 

To LEANS, lene. 227,238. v.n. preter. leaned c 
553 



LEA 



LEA 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



[hJmian, Sax. ; lenen, Dutch.] To incline 

to rest against. Peacham. To propend ; 

to tend towards. Spenser. To be in a bending 

posture. Sliak. To bend} to waver ; to totter. 

Shakspeare. 

To LEAN*, lene. v. a. To incline ; to cause to lean. 

Shakspeare. [leina, Icel.] To conceal. Raij. 
LEAN, lene. 227. a. [Sax.] Not fat ; meager; want- 
ing flesh ; bareboned. Chaucer. Not unctuous ; 
thin; hungry. Burnet. Low; poor; in opposition 
to great or rich. Shak. Jejune ; not comprehen- 
sive ; not embellished : as, a lean dissertation. Wa- 
terland. Shallow; dull. Shakspeare. 
LEAN, lene. n. s. That part of flesh which consists 

of the muscle without the fat. Farquhar. 
LE'ANLY, lene'-le. ad. Meagerly ; without plump- 
ness. Sherwood. 
LE'ANNESS, lene'-ne's. n. s. Extenuation of body ; 
want of flesh; meagerness. B. Jonson. Want of 
matter; thinness; poverty. Shakspeare. 
LE'ANY* lee'-ne. a. [leen-man, Teut.] Alert; ac- 
tive. Spenser. 
To LEAP§, lepe. 239. v.n. [hlaepan, Sax.] To 
jump; to move upward or progressively without 
change of the feet. Shak. To rush with vehemence. 
Estili. xv. To bound ; to spring. St Luke, vi. To 
fly ; to start. Shakspeare. 
J£f- The past time of this verb is generally heard with 
the diphthong short ; and, if so, it ought to be spelled 
left, rhyming with kept.— See Principles, No. 369, 370. 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Mr. 
Barclay, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Elphinston, 
pronounce the diphthong in the present tense of this 
word long, as I have done; and Mr. Elphinston and 
Mr. Nares make it short, in the preterit and participle. 
Mr. Sheridan, alone, makes the present tense short, 
which, if I recollect justly, is a pronunciation peculiar 
to Ireland.— See Heard. TV. 
To LEAP, lepe. v. a. To pass over, or into, by leap- 
ing. Prior. To compress, as beasts. Drijden. 
LEAP, lepe. n. s. Bound; jump; act of leaping. 
Space passed by leaping. JJ Estrange. Sudden 
transition. Swift. An assault of an animal of prey. 
L' Estrange. Embrace of animals. Dryden. Haz- 
ard or effect of leaping. Shakspeare. 
LEAP*, lepe. n. s. [lap, Sax.] A basket. Wicliffe. 

A weel for fish. Sherwood. 
LEAP-FROG, lepe'-fr&g. n. s. A play of children, 

in which they imitate the jump of frogs. Shak. 
LEAP-YEAR, or BISSEXTILE, lepe'-yere. n. s. 
Every fourth } ? ear; and so called from its leaping a 
day more that year than in a common year : so 
that the common year has 365 days, but the leap- 
year 366; and then February has 29 days, which 
m common years has but 28. Hanis. 
LE'AFER*, le'-pfir. n. s. [hleapepe, Sax.] One 
who leaps or capers. Spoken of a horse, which 
passes over hedge and ditch bv leaping. 
LE'APINGLY*, le'-plng-le. ad" By leaps. Huloet. 
LEAR*. SeeLERE. 

To LEARNS, lern. 234. v.a. [leopnian. Sax.] To 

gain the knowledge or skill of. St. Matt. xxiv. To 

teach. Shakspeare. 

To LEARN, lern. v. n. To take pattern. St. Matt. xi. 

LE'ARNED, ler'-ned. 362. a. Versed in science and 

literature. Locke. Skilled; skilful; knowing. Glan- 

ville. Skilled in scholastick knowledge. Locke. 

Wise. B. Jonson. 

LE'ARNEDLY, leV-ned-le. ad. With knowledge ; 

with skill. Hooker. 
LE'ARNER, leY'-nflr. n. s. One who is yet in his ru- 
diments ; one who is acquiring some new art or 
knowledge. Bacon. 
LEARNING, leV-ning. 410. n.s. Literature; skill 



languages or sciences; generally scholastick 
„ thi 
bad. Hooker. 



knowledge. Bacon. Skill in any thing good or 



LE'ASABLE*, le'-sa-bl. a. Capable of being let by 

lease. Sherwood. 
LEASE §, lese. 227. n. s. [laisser, Fr.] A contract 

by which, in consideration of some payment, a 

temporary possession is granted of houses or lands. 

Shakspeare. Any tenure. Milton. 



To LEASE, lese. v. a. To let by lease. Ayliffe. 
To LEASE}, Ifee. 227. v.n. [leran, Sax.] To 

flean ; to gather what the harvest men leave 
)ryden. 
LEASER, le'-zur. n. s. Gleaner ; gatherer after the 
reaper. Swift. A liar. See Leasing. Bp. Hall. 
LEASEHOLD*, lese'-hold. a. Holden by lease; as, 

a leasehold tenement. 
LEASH ^, leesh. 227. n. s. [lesse, Fr. ; lasclie, Germ.] 
A leather thong, by which a falconer holds his 
hawk ; or a courser leads his greyhound. Shak 
A tierce ; three. Shak. A band wherewith to tie 
any thing in general. Boyle. 
To LEASH, leesh. v. a. To bind ; to hold in a string. 

Shakspeare. 
LEASH f, leesh. n.s. A brace and a half: a sports- 
man's term. 
$5= Sportsmen, like the professors of other arts, often 
corrupt their technical terms; for we frequently hear 
this word pronounced like the lease of a house. This 
corruption, however, is not gone so far as to make the 
true sound pedantick, and, therefore, ought to be cor- 
rected. — See Clef. W. 

LEADING, le'-zmg. 227, 410. n.s. [lea r un£e, 

Sax. ; lyes-ins;, Icel.] Lies; falsehood. Psal. iv. 
LE'ASOW*, le'-s6. n. s. [lerpe, kerpe-, Sax.] A 

fasture. Wicliffe. 
AST, l£est. 227. a. The superlative of little. [laer;fc ; 
Sax.] Little beyond others ; smallest. Gen. xxxii. 
LEAST, leesf. ad. In the lowest degree ; in a de- 
gree below others. Hudibras. 
At LEAST. ^ To say no more ; not to demand 

At the LEAST. > or affirm more than is barely 
A LEASTWISE.) sufficient; at the lowest de- 
gree. Milton. It has a sense implying doubt ; to 
say no more ; to say the least; not to say all that 
might be said. Milton. 
LE'ASY, le'-se. a. [loisir, Fr.] Flimsy; of weak 

texture. Ascham. Ob. J. 
LEAT*, leet. n.s. [lsefc, Sax.] A trench to convey 

water to or from a mill. Stat. 7 Jac. 1. c. 19. 
LEATHER}, leTH'-fir. 98,234. n.s. [le»ep, Sax.] 
Dressed hides of animals. 2 Kings, i. Skin, iron- 
ically. Sivift. It is often used in composition for 
leathern. Shakspeare. 
To LEATHER* leTH'-ur. v. a. To beat ; to lash as 

with a thong of leather. A low expression. 
To LE'ATHER*, or LE'THER* leTH'-fir. v. n. 
[hleoftpian, Sax.] To proceed with noise or vio- 
lence; to push forward eagerly. A low expression, 
LEA'THERCOAT, leTH'-ur-kcjte. n. s. [leather and 

coat.'] An apple with a tough rind. SfwJcspeare. 
LE'ATHERDRESSERJeTH'-ur-dreWir. n.s. He 
who prepares leather; he who manufactures hides 
for 'use. Pope. 
LEATHER- JACKET*, leTH / -ur-jak / -&. n.s. A fish 

of ihe Pacifick Ocean. Cook and King's Voyage. 
LEATHER-MOUTHED, leTH'-ur-m6&THd. a. 
Fish that have their teeth in their throat ; as the 
chub or cheven. Walton. 
LE'ATHERN, JeTH'-firn. a. [leSepn, Sax.] Made 

of leather. Shakspeare. 
LEATHER-SELLER, leTH'-ur-sel-lfir. n.s. He 

who deals in leather, and vends it. 
LEATHER-WINGED*, le-ra'-ur-wlngd. a. Hav 

ing wings like leather. Spenser. 
LE'ATHERY, leTH'-fir-e. a. Resembling leather. 

Grew. 
LEAVE §, leve. 227. n. s. [leape, Sax.] Grant of 
liberty; permission; allowance. Spenser. Fare- 
well;' ad i eu . Shakspeare. 
To LEAVE, leve. v. a. met. Heft ; I liave left, [te- 
pan, leopan, Sax.] To quit ; to forsake. Gen. ii 
To desert ; to abandon. Ecclus. xxix. To depart 
from, without action. 2 Chron. xxiv. To have re- 
maining at death. Ecclus. xliv. Not to deprive of. 
Bp. Taylor. To suffer to remain. Bacon. Not 
to carry away. Judg. vi. To reject ; not to choose , 
Steele. To fix as a token or remembrance. Locke. 
To bequeath ; to give as inheritance. Dryden. To 
give up; to resign. Lew xix. To oermit witnout 
interposition. Locke. To cease to uo ; to desist 
554 



LED 


\ 




LEO 




— n6, move, udr, not ; 


-tube, tub, ball ;-6ll; 


— pdfind , 


— thin, mis. 





from. 1 Sam. ix.— To leave off. To desist from ; 
to forbear. Locke. To forsake. Arbuthnot. To 
leave out. To omit ; to neglect. Shakspeare. 
To LEAVE, leve. v.n. To cease; to desist. Shak. 
— To leave off'. To desist. Knolles. To stop. Daniel. 
To LEAVE, leve. v. a. [lever, Fr.] To levy ; to raise. 

Spenser. 
LE'AVED, leevd. 227. a. [from haves.] Furnished 
with foliage. Congreve. Made with leaves or folds. 
Isuiafi, xlv. 
LE'AVELESS* leveMes. a. Having no leaves. 

Carew. Leafless is more used. 
LE'AVEN$,lev'-ven. 103,234. n. s. [levain. Fr.] Fer- 
ment mixed with any body to make it light. Lev. 
vi. Any mixture which makes a general change 
in the mass. King Charles. 
To LE'AVEN, lev^-ven. v. a. To ferment by some- 
thing mixed. Exod. xu. To taint ; to imbue. Bp. 
Tat/lor. To imbue : in a good sense. Goodman. 
LE'AVENING*, lev'-ven-mg. n. s. Ferment mixed 

with anv substance to make it light. Bacon. 
LE'AVENOUS*, leV-ven-us. a. Containing leaven ; 

tainted. Milton. 
LE'AVER, le'-vfir. 98. n. s. One who deserts or 

forsakes. Shakspeare. 
LEAVES, leevz. n. 8. The plural of leaf. Bacon, 
LE'AVJNESS*, le'-ve-nes. n.s. State'of being full 

of leaves. Sherwood. 
LE'AVINGS, le'-vlngz. 410. n. s. Remnant j rel- 

icks; offal; refuse : it has no singular. Addison. 
LE'AVY, le'-ve. a. Full of leaves; covered with 

leaves. Sidney. 
To LECH, letsn. v. a. Another term for the verb 

latch. 
LE'CHER §, l&sh'-ur. 98. n.s. [laichen, Germ.] A 

whoremaster. Sliakspeare. 
To LE'CHER, letsh'-fir. v. n. To whore. Sliak. 
LE'CHEROUS. tfish'-fir-fis. a. Provoking lust. 

Cliaucer. Lewd; lustful. Derliam. 
LE'CHEROUSLY, letsh'-Sr-as-le. ad. Lewdly; 

lustfully. 
LE'CHEROUSNESS, letsh'-ar-fls-nes. n. s. Lewd- 
ness. 
LE'CHERY, letsh'-ur-e. 557. n. s. [lecherie, old Fr, | 

See Lecher.] Lewdness; lust. Aschum. 
LE CTION §, lek'-shfln. n. s. [lectio, Lat.] A read- 1 
ing ; a variety of copies. Benlley. A lesson, or por- 1 
tion of Scripture, read in divine service. Hooper. I 
LE'CTIONARY*, lek'-shftn-a-re. n. s. [lectionarium, 
low Lat.] A book containing parts of Scripture, 
which were read in churches. Warton. 
LECTURE $, leV-tshure. 461. n.s:{Fr.l A dis- 
course pronounced upon any subject. Sidney. The 
act or practice of reading ; perusal. Brown. A 
magisterial reprimand ; a pedantick discourse. Ad- 
dison. 
To LE'CTURE, lek'-tshure. v. a. To instruct for- 
mally. To instruct insolently and dogmatically. 
To LE'CTURE, leV-tshure. v.n. To read in pub- 
lick ; to instruct an audience by a formal explana- 
tion or discourse. 
LE'CTURER, lek'-tshur-fir. n. s. An instructer ; a 
teacher by way of lecture. A preacher in a church 
hired by the parish to assist the rector or vicar. 
Clarendon. 
LECTURESHIP, lek-tshur-ship. n.s. The office 

of a lecturer. Sunft. 
LE'CTURN* lek'-tshfirn. n.s. [kctrin, old Fr.] A 

reading desk. Cliaucer. Ob. T. 
LED, leU part. pret. of lead. 
LE'DDEIN*, led'-dn. ?t. s. [lyben, Sax.] Language. 

Chaucer. True meaning. Spenser. Ob. T. 
LEDCA'PTAIN*, led-kapMfn. n. s. [led and cap- 
tain.] An humble attendant; a favourite that fol- 
lows as if led by a string. Swift. 
LEDGE §, l§dje. n. s. [leggen, Dutch.] A row ; lay- 
er; stratum. Wotton'. A ridge rising above the 
rest, or projecting beyond the rest. Bp. Hall. 
Any prominence or rising part. Dryden. 
LE'DGER*, led'-jur. n. s. An account-book. See 

Leger. 
LEDHO'RSE, l£d' ndrse. n. s. A sumpter horse. I 



LEE, lee. n.s. [lie, Fr.] Dregs; sediment; refuse. 
Prior. [Sea term.] It is generally that side which 
is opposite to the wind, as the lee shore is that the 
wind blows on. To be under the lee of the shore, 
is to be close under the weather shore. Diet. 
To LEE*, lee. v.n. [leo£an, Sax.] To utter a false 

hood ; to lie. Chaucer. 
LEECH §, l£etsh. n. s. [laec, Sax.] A physician ; a pro- 
fessor of the art of healing: whence we still use cow 
leech. Spenser. A kind of small water serpent, which 
fastens on animals, and sucks the blood. Wiseman 
To LEECH, leetsh. v. a. To treat with medicament; 

to heal. Chaucer. 
LE'ECHCRAFT, leetsh'-kraft. n. s. The art of heal 

ing. Davies. 
LEECH-WAY*, leetsh'-wa. n. s. [leifc, Goth.] The 

way of all flesh. 
LEEF$, leef. a. [leop, Sax.l Agreeable; pleasing; 

grateful; dear. Chaucer. Willing. Spenser. 
LEEF, leef. ad. Soon; willingly; readily. "1 

would as leef not go." 
LEEK, leek. n. s. [leac, Sax.] A plant. Shakspeare. 
LEER§, lere. n.s. [hleape, Sax.] Complexion; 
hue; lace. Shuk. An oblique view. Shak. A 
laboured cast of countenance. Pope. Formerly, 
the cheek. Holingslied. 
LEER*, lere. a. [^elaep, Sax.] Empty : spoken of 
the stomach. Empty; frivolous; foolish; without 
understanding. B. Jonson 
To LEER. lere. v.n. To took obliqudy; to iOok 

archly. Shakspeare. 
To LEER*, lere. v. a. To draw on with smiles ; to 

beguile with leering. Dryden. 
LE'ERINGLY*, lefe'-ing-le. ad. With a kind of 

arch smile, or sneer. Bp. Nicholson. 
LEES, leez. n. s. [lie, Fr.] Dregs ; sediment : it has 

seldom a singular. Bacon. 
To LEESE, leez. v.a. [leoj-an, Sax.] To lose. Tus- 
ser. To hurt ; to destroy, [kesus, Lat.] Wicliffe. 
An old word. 
LEET, leet. n.s. A law-day; a court of jurisdiction 
above the wapentake or hundred, [leita, Goth, and 
Ice I.] Shakspeare. 
LEET-ALE*, leet'4le. n. s. A feast or merry-mak- 
ing at the time of the leet. Warton. 
LEEWARD, lee'-ward. 88. a. [lee and peajib, 
Sax.] Under the wind; on the side opposite to 
that from which the wind blows. Arbutlmct, . , 
LEFE*. ^ See Leek, and Lever. 
LEFT, leYt. part. pret. of leave. 
LEFT§, left. a. [lufte, Dutch.] Sinistrous; not right. 

Brown. 

LEFT-HANDED, lM'-hand'-ed. a. Using the left 

hand rather than the right. Bacon. Unlucky ; in 

auspicious; unseasonable: a Latinism. B. Jonson 

LEFT-HANDEDNESS, lefr-hand'-ed-ngs. n. s 

Habitual use of the left hand. Donne. 
LEFT-HAN DINESS* l&V-han'-de-nes. n.s. Awk 

ward manner. Ld. Chesterfield. 
LEG §, leg. n.s. [leg, Dan.]" The limb by which we 
walk : particularly that part between the knee and 
the loot. Dryden, An act of obeisance ; a bow, 
with the leg drawn back. Shak. That by which 
any thing is supported on the ground : as, the leg 
of a table. — To stand on his own legs. To support 
himself. Collier. 
LE'GACY, l£g'-a-se. n.s. [legation, Lat.] A particu 
lar thing given by last will and testament. Cowel. 
LEGACY-HUNTER*, leg'-a-se-hflnt'-ur. n.s. A 
person, who, by flattery or presents, endeavours to 
obtain the good opinion of others, in order to be re- 
membered in their wills by a legacy. Dr. Warton. 
LE'GALS, le'-gal. a. [Fr.1 Done or conceived ac- 
cording to law. Hale. Lawful ; not contrary to 
law. Blackstone. According to the law of the old 
dispensation. Milton 
LEGALITY, le-gal'-e-te. n.s. [legatee, Fr.] Law- 
fulness. 
To LE'GALIZE, le'-iral-ize. v. a. [legaliser, Fr.] To 

authorize ; to makelawful. South. 
LE'GALLY, le'-gal-le. ad. Lawfully ; according t« 
law, Bp. Taylor. 

555 



LEG 



LEG 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



LE'GATARY,leg'-a-tar-e. w.s. \legataire, Fr.] One 

who has a legacy left. Ayliffe. 
LE'GATE§, leg'-gale. 91. n.s. [legatus, LatJ A 
deputy 5 an ambassadour. Dryden. A kind of 
spiritual ambassadour from the pope. Atterbury. 
&S= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and 
Mr. Peny, pronounce the first syllable of this word 
short, and Buchanan, alone, long. TV. 
LEGATE'E, leg-a-tee'. n.s. [legatum, Lat.] One 

who has a legacy left him. Dryden. 
LE'GATESHIP* leg'-gate-shlp. n. s. Office of a 

legate. Notstock. 
LEGATINE, leg'-ga-tme. 149. a. [from legate.] 
Made by a legate. Ayliffe. Belonging to a legate 
of the Roman see. Shakspeare. 
LEGA'TION, le-ga/-shun. n.s. [legatio, Lat.] Depu- 
tation; commission; embassy. Bacon. 
LEGA'TOR, %-ga-tdr'. 166. n.s. [lego, Lat.] One 

who makes a will, and leaves legacies. Dryden. 
D^ This word seems to have the accent on the last syl- 
lable, the better to distinguish it from its correlative, 
legatee. W 
To LEGE*, ledje. v. a. [allego, Lat.] To allege ; to 
assert. Cliaucer. To lighten; to ease, [alleger, 
Fr.] Clmvcer. Ob. T. 
LE GEND$, le'-jend. n. s. [legenda, Lat.] 'A chron- 
icle or register of the lives of saints. Hooker. Any 
memorial or relation. Fairfax. An incredible, 
unauthentick narrative. Blackmore. Any inscrip- 
tion ; particularly on medals or coins. Addison. 
O^f" This word is sometimes pronounced with the vowel 
in the first syllable short, as if written le~d-jcnd. This 
has the feeble plea of the Latin word lego to produce ; 
but with what propriety can we make this plea for a 
short vowel, in English, when wc pronounce that very 
vowel long in the Latin word we derive it from? The 
genuine and ancient analogy of our language, as Dr. 
Wallis observes, is, when a word of two syllables has the 
accent on the first, and the vowel is followed by a single 
consonant, to pronounce the vowel long. It is thus we 
pronounce all Latin words of this kind ; and in this man- 
ner we should certainly have pronounced all our Eng- 
lish words, if an affectation of following Latin quanti- 
ty had not disturbed the natural progress of pronuncia- 
tion. — See Drama. But, besides this analogy, the word 
in question has the authority of Mr. Sheridan, Mr 
Scott, W. Johnston, Bailey, Entick, Perry, and Bu- 
chanan, on its side. Dr. Kenrick and Dr. Ash are the 
cr>'y abettors of the short sound. TV. 
To LE'GEND*, le'-jend. v. a. To detail as in a le- 
gend. Bp. Hall. 
LEGENDARY*, led'-jen-da-re. a. Fabulous ; ro- 
manlick; partaking of the nature of a legend. Bp. 
Lloyd. 
^Cl" As the preceding word has, by the 'clearest analogy, 
the vowel in the first syllable long, so this word, by 
having the accent higher than the antepenultimate, has 
as clear an analogy for having the same vowel short. 
530, 535. This analogy, however, is contradicted by 
Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Mr. Scott, Entick, Buchanan, 
and Perry, who make the vowel c long, as in legend. 
As Dr. Johnson's accentuation does not determine the 
quantity of the vowel, his not inserting this word is, in 
this case, no loss ; but Mr. Sheridan's omission of it de- 
prives us of a valuable opinion. TV. 
LE'GENDARY*. lecl'-jen-da-re. n. s. A book of old 
histories. Cockeram. A relater of legends. Sheldon. 
LE GER, lgd'-j&r. 98. n. s. [legger, Dutch.] Any 
thing that lies in a place ; as, a leger ambassadour ; 
a resident; one that continues at the court to which 
he is sent ; a leger-book ; a book that lies in the 
counting-house. Shakspeare. 
LEGER-BOOK*, leM'-j6r-bo6k. n.s. A book that 
lies ready for entering articles of account or other 
memoranda in. Blackstone. 
LEGERDEMA'IN, led-jur-de-mine'. ?i.s. [legier 
du maine, Fr.] Sleight of hand ; juggle ; power of 
deceiving the eye by nimble motion ; trick. Spenser. 
LEGERITY, le-je/-e-te. n. s. [hgereli, Fr.] Light- 
ness ; nimbleness. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To LEGGE*, 1%. v.a. [lec£an, Sax.] To lay. 

Wicliffe. 
LE'GGED, leg'd. 359. a. Having legs; furnished 

with legs. Dryden. 
LEGIBILITY*, led-je-bll'-e-te. n. s. Capability of 
being read. 



. [legibilis, Lat.] Such as 
Apparent ; discoverable. 



n. s. State or 



LE'GIBLE $, led'-je-bl. 

may be read. Swift. 

Collier. 
LE'GIBLENESS*, led'-je-bl-nes. 

quality of being legible. Ash. 
LE'GIBLY, led'-je-ble. ad. In such a manner as 

may be read. 
LE'GION, le'-jdn. n.s. [legio, Lat.] A body of Ro- 
man soldiers consisting of about five thousand. 

Addison. A military force. Phillips. Any great 

number. Sliakspeare. 
LE'GIONARY, le'-jun-ar-e. a. Relating to a legion. 

Burke. Containing a legion. Containing a great 

indefinite number. Brown. 
LEGIONARY*, le'-jun-ar-e. n.s. One of a legion. 

Milton. 
To LEGISLATE*, led'-jis-late. v.n. To make 

laws for any community. Bp. Watson. 
LEGISLATION, led-jfs-la'-shun. n. s. The act of 

giving laws. Goodman. 
LEGISLATIVE, hkV-jls-la-tlv. a. Giving laws; 

lawgiving. Denham. 
LEGISLATOR §, hld'-jls-la-tur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A 

lawgiver ; one who makes laws for any communi 

LEGISLA'TORSHIP*, led'-jls-la^-tar-shJp. n. s. 

Power of making laws. Ld. Halifax. 
LEGISLA'TRESS*, hM'-jls-la-trSs. n.s. A female 

lawgiver. Shaftesbury. 
LEGISLATURE, led'-jls-la-tshure. 461. [ledzh'-is- 
la-tsh6r ; Sheridan ; l^j-ls-la'-tur, Perry ; led'-jls-la- 
ture, Jones.] n. s. The power that makes laws. Hale. 
$5= Some respectable speakers in the House of Commons 
pronounce the e in the first syllable of this word long, 
as if written leegislature, and think they are wonder- 
fully correct in doing so, because the first syllable of 
all Latin words, compounded of lex, is long. They do 
not know, that, in pronouncing the word in this man- 
ner, tney are contradicting one of the clearest analogies 
of the language, which is, that the antepenultimate, 
and secondary accent, shorten every vowel they fall 
upon, except u, unless they are followed by a diph- 
thong. 534, 535. This analogy is evident in a nume- 
rous catalogue of words ending in ity, where the ante- 
penultimate vowel is short in English, though long in 
the Latin words whence they are derived: as, serenity, 
divinity, globosity, &c. The same may be observed of 
the words declamatory, deliberative, &c, where the 
two second syllables are short in English, though long 
in the Latin declamitorius, deliberativus, &.c. Even 
the words liberal and liberty, if pronounced with the 
first syllables long, as in the Latin words liberalis and 
libcrtas, ought to be sounded lyeberal and lydberty. 
If, therefore, we consider the accent on this first sylla- 
ble of legislator, legislature, or legislative, either as 
primary or secondary, we find a clear analogy for 
shortening the vowel ; nor can we have the least reason 
for lengthening it which will not oblige us, in the same 
manner, to lengthen the first vowel of lenitive, peda- 
go rue, pacification, and a thousand others. — See Prin- 
ciples, No.'530, 535. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. 
Scott, and Mr. Perry, mark the e in the first syllable of 
this word and its relatives short. W. Johnston, only, 
marks them long. From Entick we can gather the 
quantity of this vowel in no word but legislate, where 
he makes it long ; and Ash, Bailey, and Buchanan, 
do not mark it either way. These authorities suffi- 
ciently show us the general current of custom ; and the 
analogies of the language sufficiently show the pro- 
priety of it. TV. 
LE'GIST*, le'-jlst. n. s. [legiste, old Fr.] One skilled 

in law. Marston. 
LEGITIMACY, le-jlt'-te-ma-se. n.s. Lawfulness of 
birth. Ayliffe. Genuineness; not spuriousness. 
Woodward. 
LEGITIMATE §, le-jftMe-mate. 91. a. {legitimus, 
Lat.] Born in marriage ; lawfully begotten. Shak. 
Genuine ; not spurious : as, a legitimate work. 
Lawful : as, a legitimate course of proceeding. 
To LEGITIMATE, le-jlt'-te-mate. 91. v.a. [legiti- 
mer, Fr.] To procure to any the rights of legiti- 
mate birth. Ayliffe. To make lawful. Milton. 
LEGITIMATEI7Y, le-jit'-te-mate-le. ad. Lawfully 

Knatchbull. Genuinely. Dryden. 
LEGITIMATENESS*, le-jft'-te-mate-nes. n.s. Le- 
gality ; lawfulness* Barrow. 
556 



LEN 



LEP 



-i)6, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— thm, THis. 



[leoman, Sax.] To shine 



LEGITIMATION, le-jfr-te-ma'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 

Lawful birth. Locke. The act of investing with 

the privileges of lawful birth. Lowth. 
L&G£ML,\l S >- S ?ime.^ ^503. [See Bitumen 
LEG If MEN, le-go'-men. $ and Blasphemous.] 

n.s. [legumen, Lat.] Seeds not reaped, but gathered 

by the hand : as, beans 3 in general, all larger 

seeds: pulse. Boyle. 
LEGU'MLNOUS, le-gu'-me-nus. a. Belonging to 

pulse j consisting of pulse. Arbuthnot. 
LE'IGLR*. I See Leger, and Leger- 

LEIGER-BOOK*. \ book. 
LE'ISURABLE, le'-zhir-a-bl. a. Done at leisure 3 

not hurried ; enjoving leisure. Brown. 
LE'ISURABLY, "le'-zhur-a-ble. ad. At leisure j 

without tumult or hurry. Hooker. 
LE'ISURE $, ie'-zhure. 251. n. s. [loisir, Fr.] Free- 
dom from business or hurry ; vacancy of mind ; 

power to spend time according to choice. Bacon. 

Convenience of time. Shak. W ant of leisure. Siiak. 
£3= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Dr. Kenrick, and 

Mr. Smith, pronounce the diphthong in this word long ; 

and Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. Barclay, short. 

The first manner is, in my opinion, preferable. W. 

LEISURE*, le'-zhure. a. Convenient; free from 
business or hurry. Beattie. 

LE'ISURELY, le'-zhur-le. a. Not hasty ; deliberate ; 
done without hurry. Shakspeai-e. 

LE'ISURELY, le'-zhur-le. ad. Not in a hurry ; slow- 
ly; deliberately. Dryden. 

LE'MAN, legman, n. s. [leop, Sax. and man.'] A 
sweetheart 3 a gallant ; or a mistress. Chaucer. 

LEME*, leme. n. s. [leoma, Sax.] A ray 3 a beam 3 
a flash. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

To LEME $*, leme. 
to blaze. Ob. T. 

LE'MMA, leW-ma. n. s. [X^ a .] A proposition pre- 
viously assumed. Bp. Berkeley. 

LE'MON §, lem'-mun. n. 5. [Union, Fr.] The fruit of 
the lemon-tree. Arbuthnot. The tree that bears 
lemons. Miller. 

LEMONA'DF, l&m-m&n-ade'. n. s. Liquor made of 
water, sugar, and the juice of lemons. Arbuthnot. 

LE' MURES*, n.s. pi. [LatJ Hobgoblins; evil 
spirits among the ancients. Milion. 

To LEND§, lend. v. a. preterit and part. pass. 
lent, [laenan, Sax.] To afford or supply, on con- 
dition of repayment. Lev. xxv. To suffer to be 
used on condition that it be restored. Dryden. To 
afford; to grant in general. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

LE'NDABLE*, lend'4-bl. a. That may be lent. 
Sherxcood. , 

LE'NDER, lend'-fir. 98. n.s. One who lends any 
thing. One who makes a trade of putting money 
to interest. Bacon. 

LE NDING*, 12nd' -frig. n. s. What is lent on con- 
dition of repayment. Sludc. What is supplied in 
feneral. Slmkspeare. 
NDS*, lendz. n. s. pi. [lenbenu, Sax.] Loins. 
Wicliffe. Ob. T. 

LENGTH §, lengtfi. n.s. [len^eS, Sax.] The ex- 
tent of any thing material from end to end ; the 
longest line that can be drawn through a body. 
Bacon. Horizontal extension. Dryden. Com- 
parative extent ; a certain portion of space or time. 
Shak. Extent of duration or space. Dryden. 
Long duration or protraction. Dryden. Reach or 
expansion of any thing. Walts. Full extent ; un- 
contracted state. Addison. Distance. Clarendon. 
End ; latter part of any assignable time. Hooker. 
— At length. At last ; in conclusion. Dryden. 
To LENGTH*, length, v. a. To extend ; to make 

longer. Sackville. Ob. T. 
To LE'NGTHEN, leng'-tfm. 103. v.a. [len^ian, 
Sax.] To draw out ; to make longer ; to elongate. 
Arbuuinot. To protract ; to continue. Shak. To 
protract pronunciation. Dryden. — To lengthen out. 
To protract ; to extend. Dryden. 
To LE'NGTHEN, leng'-tfm. v. n. To grow longer ; 

to increase in length. Locke. 
LENGTHENING*, leng'-tfm-ing. ». s. Continua- 
tion; protraction. Dan. iv. 



LE'NGTHFLX*, ttrigt/t'-fai. a. Of great measure in 

length. Pope. 
LENGTHWISE, lengiV-wlze. ad. According n 

the length, in a longitudinal direction. 

LENIENT^ le'-ne-ent. 1 13.a. [leniens, Lat.] Assua 
sive ; softening ; mitigating. Pope. Laxauve } 
emollient. Arbuthnot. 

LE'NIENT, le'-ne-ent. n. s. An emollient or assua- 
sive application. Wiseman. 

To LE'NIFY, len'-ne-fl. 183. v. a. [lenijier, old Fr.] 
To assuage ; to mitigate. Bacon. 

LE'NIMENT*, len'-e-ment. n. s. [lenimentum, Lat.] 
An assuaging. Cockeram. 

LENITIVE, Ten'-e-tiv. 157. a. [lenitif, Fr.] Assua- 
sive ; emollient. Bacon. 

LE'NITIVE, len'-e-Uv. n. s. Any thing medicinally 
applied to ease pain. Burton. A palliative. South. 

LE'MTY, len'-e-te. n.s. [lenitos, Lat.] Mildness 5 
mercy ; tenderness ; softness of temper. Shak. 

LENS, lenz. 434. n. s. [from resemblance to the seed 
of a lentil.] A glass spherically convex on both 
sides; such as is a burning-glass 5 or spectacle- 
gtess. Newton. 

LENT, l£nt. part. pass, from lend. 

LENT §, lent. n. s. [lenten, Sax.] The quadragesi 
mal fast ; a time of abstinence ; the time from Ash- 
Wednesday to Easter. Camden. 

LENT* lent. a. [lentus, Lat.] Slow; mild. B. Jon- 
son. Ob. T. 

LE NTEN, lent'-tn. 103. a. Such as is used in Lent 3 
sparing. Shakspeare. 

LENTFCULAR, len-tik'-ku-lar. a. Doubly convex j 
of the form of a lens. Ray. 

LENTIFORM, len'-te-f6rm. a. [lens, and farma, 
Lat.] Having the form of a lens. 

LENTPGINOUS, len-tld'-jm-Os. a. [lentigo, Lat.] 
Scurfy ; furfuraceous. 

LENTI GO, len-tl'-g6. 112. [See Vertigo.] n.s. 
[Lat.] A freckly or scurfy eruption upon the skin. 
Quincy. 

LE'NTIL, len'-tfl. n. s. [lentille, Fr.] A plant. 
Miller. 

LE'NTISCK, len'-tfsk. )n. s. [lentiscus. Lat.] 

LENTI SCUS*, len-tls'-kus. < The wood oi the tree 
which produces maslich. Hill. 

LE'NTITUDE, len'-te-tude. n.s. [lentus, Lat.] Slug- 
gishness; slowness. Diet. 

LENTNEB, lent'-nur. 98. n.s. A kind of hawk. 
Walton.. 

LE'NTOR, len'-t&n 166. n.s. [Lat.] Tenacity; 
viscosity. Bacon. Slowness ; delay ; sluggish cold- 
ness. Arbuthnot. [In physick.] That sizy, viscid, 
coagulated part of the blood, which, in malignaul 
fevers, obstructs the capillary vessels. Quincy. 

LE'NTOUS, leV-t&s. a. Viscous ; tenacious ; capa 
ble to be drawn out. Brown. 

L'ENVOY*. See Envoy. 

LEO*, \h'-b.n.s. [Lat.] The fifth sign of the zodiack 
Milton. 

LE'OD, le'-ud. n. s. The people ; or, rather, a na- 
tion; country. Gibson. 

LE'OF, le'-Qf. n.s. Leof denotes love; so Leofwin is 
a winner of love; Leofstan, best beloved. Gibson, 

LE'ONINE, le'-6-nine. 149. a. [leoninm, Lat.] Be 
longing to a lion ; having the nature of a lion. 
Chaucer. Leonine verses are those of which the 
end rhymes to the middle, so named from Leo, or 
rather Leontius, the inventor : as, 

Gloria factorum temere conceditur horum. 

Warton. 
LE'OPARD, lep'-purd. 88. n.s. [ho and pardus, 

Lat.] A spotted beast of prey. Grew. 
LEOPARD'S-BANE*, lep'-purdz-bane. n.s. An 

herb. 
LEPER§, lep'-pur. 98. n.s. [lepra, Lat.] One in- 
fected with a leprosy. Lev. xiii. 
OCT All our orthoe'pi3ts are uniform in pronouncing thia 

word with the first syllable short, as in leprosy. W. 
LE'PEROUS, lep'-pur-fis. a. Causing leprosy; in 

fected with leprosy ; leprous. Shakspeare. 
LETID*, ley -Id. a. [lepidus, Lat.] Pleasant ; mer- 
ry ; lively ; quick. Barrow. 
551 



LES 



LET 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel j— pine, p?n ; 



LE'PORINE, !V-p6-rlne. a. [leporinus, Lat.] Be- 
longing- to a hare ; having the nature of a hare. 
$3" Mr. Sheridan has marked the e in the first syllable 
of this word long, without even the flimsy plea of Latin 
quantity to support it. Mr. Perry, Entick, and Dr. 
Ash, are the only ether orthoe'pists from whom we 
can gather the pronunciation of this letter. The two 
first are for the short sound, and the last for the long 
one. But the short sound is so agreeable to analogy, as 
to want no authorities to support it. — See Principles, 
No. 530, 535. W. 
LEPRO'SITY, le-pr&V-e-te. n.s. Squamous disease. 

Bacon. 
LE'PROSV, ley-pr6-s<^. n.s. [lepra, Lat.] A loath- 
some distemper, which covers the body with a 
kind of white scales. Lev. xiii. 
LETROUS, lep'-pr&s. 314. a. Infected with a lepro- 
sy. Exodus, iv. 
LETROUSLY*, lep'-prfis-le. ad. In an infectious de- 
gree. Tourneur. 
LETROUSNESS*, ley-pr&s-nes. n. s. State of be- 
ing leprous. Sherwood. 
LERE §, lere. n. s. [lsejie, Sax.] A lesson ; lore ; 

doctrine. Spenser. Skill ; scholarship. Spenser. 
To LERE*, lere. v. a. [laepan, Sax.] To learn. 

Chaucer. To teach. Fairfax. 
LERE*, lere. a. Empty. 

LE'RRY, leV-re. n. s. [from lere.] A rating ; a lec- 
ture. Rustiek word. 
LESS§, l^s. A negative or privative termination. 
[laey, Sax.] Joined to a substantive, it implies the 
absence or privation of the thing expressed by that 
substantive : as, a witless man, a man without wit ; 
childless, without children, &c. 
LESS*, le's. conj. [ley, Sax.] Unless. B. Jonson. 
LESS, les. a. [la?]*, Sax.] The comparative of little : 

opposed to greater, or to so great. St. Mark, xv. 
LESS, les. n. s. Not so much : opposed to more, or to 

as much. Exodus, xvi. 
LESS, les. ad. In a smaller degree ; in a lower de- 
gree. Dry den. 
To LESS*, Ifs. v.a. To make less. Gower. Ob. T. 
LESSE'E, les-see 7 . n. s. The person to whom a 

Ic&sg is fifivcn. 
TbLE'SSEN/les'-sn. 103. v.a. To make less; to 
diminish in bulk. Sliak. To diminish the degree 
of any state or quality; to make less intense. Locke. 
To degrade; to deprive of power or dignity. Mil- 
ton. 
To LE'SSEN, les'-sn. v. n. To grow less; to shrink ; 

to be diminished. Temple. 
LE'SSER, les'-s&r. 98. a. Little has two compara- 
tives, less and lesser. Use leaves us at liberty to 
employ either. Bp. Hurd. 
LE'SSER, les'-s&r. ad. Less. SImkspeare. 
LE'SSES, leV-sez. n. s. [laissees, Fr.] The dung of 

blasts left on the ground. 
LE'SSON§, leV-sn. 170. n.s. [lecon, Fr. ; laiseins,- 
Goth.] Any thing read or repeated to a teacher, in 
order to improvement. Denham. Precept ; notion 
inculcated. Spenser. Portion of Scripture read in 
divine service. Hooker. Tune pricked for an in- 
strument. Davies. A rating lecture. Sidney. 
To LE'SSON, les'-sn. v.a. [laisgan, Goth.] To 

teach ; lo instruct. Shakspeare. 
LE'SSOR, leV-sor. 166. n. s. One who lets any thing 

to farm, or otherwise, by lease. Denham. 
LEST, lest, or leest. [lest, Perry and Jones : lest, or 
leest, Sheridan.] conj. [from the adjective least.] 
This particle may be sometimes resolved into that 
not, meaning prevention or care lest a thing should 
happen. Deut. xxv. It sometimes means only that. 
Milton. 
03= Almost all our orthoe'pists pronounce this word both 
ways ; but the former seems to be by much the most 
general. This word is derived from the adjective least i 
but if. is not uncommon for words to change their form 
when they change their class. Dr. Wallis's advice to 
spell the superlative of little Icsscst, has not yet been 
followed, and probably never will ; and therefore there 
is no necessity for Dr. Lowth's expedient to distinguish 
these words by spelling the conjunction with a. But 
WI17 we should sound the c long, contrary to the ana o- 
gy of spell' ng, while such a pronunciation confounds 



the conjunction and the adjective, canrot be conceived. 
The second pronunciation, therefore, ought to be ex- 
ploded. W. 

To LET$, 1&. v. a. [laetan, Sax.] To aHow; to suf 
fer; to permit. Dryden. A sign of the optative 
mood used before the first, and imperative before 
the third person. Before the first person singular 
it signifies resolution, fixed purpose, or ardent wish. 
Judges. Before the first person plural, let implies 
exhortation ; as, " Rise ; let us go." St. Mark 
Before the third person, singular or plural, let im 
plies permission ; as, " Let Euclid rest." Milton 
Or precept. Dryden. Sometimes it implies con 
cession. Pope. Before a thing in the passive voice, 
let implies command ; as, " Let not the objects be 
separated." Dryden. (Let has an infinitive mood 
after it without the particle to. Dryden.) To leave. 
Spenser. To more than permit; to give. Shak. 
To put to hire ; to grant to a tenant. Canticles, viii. 
To suffer any thing to take a course which re- 
quires no impulsive violence. Joshua. To permit 
to take any state or course. Sidney. — To let be. 
To leave off; to discontinue. Spenser. To let go ; 
to let alone. Spenser. To let blood is elliptical for 
to let out blood. To free it from confinement ; to 
suffer it to stream out of the vein. Shak. To let 
in, or into. To admit. Sliak. To let in, or into. 
To procure admission. Locke. To let off. To dis- 
charge. Swift. To let out. To lease out; to give 
to hire or farm. 
To 1,ET§, \k. v.a. [lefctan, Sax.] To hinder; to 
obstruct ; to oppose. Sidney. To let, when it sig- 
nifies to permit, or leave, has let in the pret. and 
part. pass. ; but when it signifies to hinder, it has 
letted ; as, '•' Many things have letted me." 
To LET, let. v. n. To forbear ; to withhold himself. 

Bacon. 
LET, let. n.s. Hinderance ; obstacle ; obstruction! 

impediment. Llookei-. 
LET, the termination of diminutive words, from 
lyte, Saxon, little, small ; as, rivulet, a small 
stream ; hamlet, a little village. 
LE'THALy*, le'-i/ial. a. [lethalis, Lat.] Deadly; 

mortal. W. Richardson. 
LETHA'LITY*, le-tfml'-e-te. n.s. Mortality. Atkins. 
LETHARGICAL*, le-Mr'-je-kal. a. Sleepy by 

disease ; lethargick. 
LETHARGICALLY*, le-tfiar'-je-kal-le. ad. In a 

morbid sleepiness. Lord Corke. 
LETHA'RGICALNESS*, le-i/iar'-je-kal-nes. n. s. 

Morbid sleepiness. More. 
LETHA'RGICK, le-tfiar'-jik. 509. a. Sleepy by dis- 
ease, beyond the natural power of sleep. Ham- 
mono 1 . 
LETHA'RGICKNESS, le-Mr'-ifk-nes. n. s. Mor- 
bid sleepiness; drowsiness to a disease. Herbert. 
LF/THARGYsS l&Zi'-ar-je. n. s. [Xndapyia ; lethar- 
gie, Fr.] A morbid drowsiness ; a sleep from which 
one cannot be kept awake. Arbuthnot. 
LE'THARGIED, le^'-ar-jld. a. Laid asleep ; en- 
tranced. Shakspeare. 
LE'THE §. le'-the. n. s. [Xr/Ov-] Oblivion ; a draught 
of oblivion. Milton. Death, [lethum, Lat.] Shak. 
LETHE'AN*, le-Z/ie'-an. a. Oblivious ; causing obli 

vion. Milton. 
LE'THEED*, Ye'-tlM. a. Oblivious; lethean. Shak. 
LETHFFEROUS*, le-tfiff-ur-us. a. [lethifer, Lat.] 

Deadly ; bringing death. Dr. Robinson. 
LE'TTER, lel'-tur. 98. n. s. One who lets or per- 
mits. One who hinders. Huloet. One who gives 
vent to any thing; as, a blood-letter. — A letter go. 
A spendthrift. B. Jonson. 
LE'TTER$, leV-r&r. n.s. [lettre, Fr. ; litera, Lat.] 
One of the elements of syllables ; a character in the 
alphabet. Luke, xxiii. A written message; an 
epistle. Walsh. The verbal expression ; the liter- 
al meaning. Hooker. — Letters, without the singular; 
learning. St. John, vii. — [literce patentes, Lat.] 
Letters patent : a written instrument, containing a 
royal grant. Blackstone. — Any thing to be read. 
Addison. Type with which books are printed 
Moxon. 

£58 



LEV 



LEX 



— n6, move, ndr, not j— tube, tub, bull , — 611; — pdund ;— thin, THis. 



To LETTER, leY-tur. v. a. To stamp with letters 
Addison. 

LETTERED, let'-tfird. 379. o. Literate; educated 
to learning-; learned. Chancer. Belonging to learn- 
ing; suiting letters. Young. 

LETTERFOUNDER*, let'-tur-fdun-dur. n. s. [let- 
ter and founder.'] One who casts types for printing. 

LETTERLESS*, leY-tur-lgs. a. Ignorant; illiterate. 
Waierlwuse. Oh. T. 

LETTERPRESS*, let'-tfir-pres. n. s. Print; what 
is given in types from a written copy. Goldsmith. 

LETTUCE, leV-rfs [See Asparagus.] n. s. [lac- 
titca, Lat.] A plant, miller. 

LEUCOPHLEGMACY, lu-ko-fleg'-ma-se. n. s. 
Paleness, with viscid juices and cold sweatings. 
Arbuthnot. 

LEUCOPHLEGMATICK, l_u-ko-fleg-mat'-ik. 509. 
a. \\evicbs and <p\tyna.] Having such a constitution 
of body where the blood is of a pale colour, viscid, 
and cold. Quincy. 

LEVANT^, le-vant'. a. Eastern. Milton. 

LE'VANT, le-vant'. 494. n. s. The east, particularly 
those coasts of the Mediterranean east of Italy. A 
wind so called; now termed a levanter. Sir H. Sheere. 

§£$" Milton has used this word as an adjective, with the 
accent on the first syllable ; and Dr. Ash and Mr. Bar- 
clay explain it by rising up or becoming turbulent. 

" Forth rush the Levant and the Ponent winds." 

In this case, also, the vowel c ought to have the long 
sound. — See Legend. W. 

LE'VANTINE* JeV-an-tlne, or le-van'-tin. a. Be- 
longing to the Levant, that part of the east so call- 
ed. Spenser. 

LEVA' TOR, le-va'-tor. 166, 521. n.s. [Lai.] A 
chirurgical instrument, whereby depressed parts of 
the skull are lifted up. Wiseman. 

LEVE*, leve. a. [leop, Sax.] Agreeable ; pleasing; 
dear. Written also kef, lefe, and lief. See Lever. 

To LEVE*, leve. v. a. feelypan, and lepan, Sax.] 
The old form of our present word believe. Gower. 

LE> VEE, lev'-ve. n. s. [Fr.] The time of rising. 
The concourse of those who crowd round a man 
of power in a morning. Dryden. 

LE'VEL §, leV-vll. 99. a. [kepel, Sax.] Even; not 
having one part higher than another. Milton. Even 
with any thing else ; in the same line or plane with 
any thing. Milton. Having no gradations of supe- 
rioritv. Bentunj. 

To LE'VEL, lev'-vil. v. a. To make even; to free 
from inequalities. To reduce to the same height 
with something else. Milton. To lay flat. Raleigh. 
To bring to equality of condition. Decay of Chris- 
tian Piety. To point in taking aim ; to aim. Mil- 
ton. To direct to an end. Swift. To suit to pro- 
portion. Dryden. 

To LE'VEL, lev'-vll. t. n. To aim at ; to bring the 
gun or arrow to the same line with the mark. 
Hooker. To conjecture ; to attempt to guess. Shale. 
To be in the same direction with a mark. Hudi- 
bras. To make attempts ; to aim. Shak. To ef- 
face distinction or superiority : as, Infamy is always 
trying to level. To square with ; to accord. Shak- 
speare. 

LE'VEL, leV-vll. n.s. A plane; a surface without 
protuberances or inequalities. Hale. Rate ; stan- 
dard; customary height. Sidney. Suitable or pro- 
portionate height. Daniel. A state of equality. 
Atterbury. An instrument whereby masons adjust 
their work. Moxon. Rule ; plan ; scheme : bor- 
rowed from the mechanick level. Prior. The line 
of direction in which any missive weapon is aimed. 
Shak. The line in which the sight passes. Pope. 
LE'VELLER, lev'-vll-l&r. n. s. One who makes any 
thing even. Sherwood. One who destroys superi- 
ority; one who endeavours to bring all to the same 
state of equality. Collier. 
LE'VELNESS, lev'-vll-nes. n.s. Evenness; equality 
of surface. Equality with something else. Peacham. 
LE'VEN, \h v'-vhn. 103. n. s. [levain, Fr. ; commonly 
written leaven.] Ferment; that which, being mixed 
in bread, makes it rise and ferment. A«y thing 



I capable of changing the nature of a greater mass. 

Wiseman, 
j LE'VER, le'-v&r. 98. n. s. [levier, Fr.] The second 
mechanical power, used to elevate or raise a great 
weight. Harris. 
LE'VER*, le'-vfir. a. The comparative degree of 
leve, leef, or lief. More agreeable ; more pleasing 
Gower. 
LE'VER*, le'-v5r. ad. Rather. As we now say, I 

had rather. Cfuxucer. 
LEVERET, lev'-vur-h. n. s. [lievret, Fr.] A young 

hare. Waller. 
LE'VEROCK, lev'-ur-6k. n. s. [lapepc, Sax.] This 
word is retained in Scotland, ana denotes the lark. 
Walton. 
LE'VET, leV-vlt. n. s. [lever, Fr.] A blast on the 

trumpet. Hudibras. 
LEVIABLE, lev'-ve-a-bl. 405. a. That may be le- 
vied. Bacon. 
LEVIATHAN, le-vi'-a-tfian. n.s. [-trur?] A water 
animal mentioned in the book of Job. By some 
imagined the crocodile; but, in poetry, generally 
taken for the whale. Job. 
To LE'VIGATE§, lev'-ve-gate. v. a. [loevigo, Lat.l 
To polish; to smooth ; to plane. Barrow. To ruS 
or grind to an impalpable powder. To mix tiB 
the liquor becomes smooth and uniform. Ai'buth- 
not. 
LE'VIGATE*, lev'-ve-gate. part. a. Figuratively, 

made smooth ; lightened. Sir T. Elyot. 
LEVIGATION, lev-e-ga'-shun. n.s. The reducing 
of hard bodies into a subtile powder, by grinding 
upon marble with a muller. Quincy. 
LEVIN* leV-in. n.s. [hlirian, Sax.] Lightning. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
LEVITATION*, lev-e-ta'-shun. n. s. [kvitas, Uw- 
tatis, Lat.l Act or quality of rendering light, or 
buoyant. Paley. 
LE'VITE §, le'-vlte. 156. n. s. [levita, Lat., from Le- 
vi.] One of the tribe oiLevi ; one born to the office 
of priesthood among the Jews. Ayliffe. A priest : 
used in contempt. 
LEVITICAL, le-vft'-te-kal. a. Belonging to the Le- 
vites ; making part of the religion of the Jews. Ay- 
liffe. Priestly. Milton. 
LEVITICALLY*, le-vh'-te-kal-le. ad. After the 

manner of the Levites. Franklyn. 
LE'VITY, leV-ve-te. n. s. [levitas, Lat.] Lightness; 
not heaviness. Raleigh. Inconstancy; changea- 
bleness. Hooker. Unsteadiness; laxity of mindL 
Milton. Idle pleasure ; vanity. Calamy. Trifling 
gayety ; want of seriousness. Shakspeare. 
ToLE'VYS, leV-ve. u.a. [lever, Fr.] To raise; to 
bring together : applied to men. Davies. To raise : 
applied to war. Milton. To raise : applied to mo- 
ney. Numbers. 
LE'VY, leV-ve. n. s. The act of raising money or 

men. Addison. War raised. Shakspeare. 
LEW*, lu. a. [liew, Dutch.] Not very warm ; tepid : 
lukewarm. Wicliffe. Pale; wan; of a decayed 
hue. Cotgrave. 
LEWD$, hide. 265. a. [kepebe, Sax.] Lay; not 
clerical. Wicliffe. Wicked ; bad ; dissolute. Whit 
gift. Lustful ; libidinous. Chaucer. 
LEWDLY, lude'-le. ad. Foolishly ; ignorantly. 
Spenser. Wickedly; naughtily. Shak. Libidi 
nously ; lustfully. Spenser. 
LE'WDNESS, lude'-nes. n.s. Foolishness; gross- 
ness ; want of shame. Spenser. Wickedness ; pro- 
pensity to wickedness. Mirror for Magistrates. 
Lustful licentiousness. Dryden. 
LE'WDSTER, lude'-stur. 98. n. s. A lecher ; one 

given to criminal pleasures. Shakspeare. 
LE 1 WIS D'OR. See Louis d'or. 
LEXICO'GRAPHER, leks-e-k&g'-graf-fir. 518. n.s. 
[Xe^iKbv and ypd<po>.] A writer of dictionaries; a 
harmless drudge, that busies himself in tracing the 
original, and detailing the signification of words. 
Watts. 
LEXICO'GRAPHY, leks-e-k&g'-graf-e. n. s. The 

art or practice of writing dictionaries. Dalgarno. 

LE'XICON §, leks'-e-kun. 166. n. s. [Xcfirtv.] A die 

559 



LIB LIC 




0*559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 





Uonary3 a boolc teaching the signification of words. 
Milton, 
LEY, lee. ft. s. Lee, lay, are all from the Saxon lea£, 

a field or pasture. Gibson. See Lay and Lea. 
B£f This word and key are the only exceptions to the 
general rule of pronouncing this diphthong when the ac- 
cent is on it.— See Principles, No. 269. W. 
LIABFLITY*, H-a-bll'-e-te. n. s. The state of being 

liable. A very modern word. 
LFABLE$, ll'-a-bl. 405. a. [liable, from the old Fr. 

fterj Obnoxious ; not exempt ; subject. Milton. 
LFABLENESS*, ll'-a-bl-nes. n. s. State of being 
liable to; obnoxiousness ; subjection; propensity. 
W. Mountague. 
LFAR, ll'-fir. 88, 418. n. s. [from lie.] One who tells 

falsehood ; one who wants veracity. Shakspeare. 
LF ARD, li'-ard. a. [Hart, old Fr.] Gray. Clmucer. 
To LIB*, lib. v. a. [lubben, Dutch.] To castrate. 

Chapman. 
LIBA'TION, ll-ba'-shun. 128. n.s. [libatio, Lat.] The 
act of pouring wine on the ground in honour of 
some deity. Bacon. The wine so poured. Stil- 
lingjteet. 
LFBBARD, llb'-burd, 88. ft. s. [libaert, Germ.; leo- 

pardus, Lat.] A leopard. Spenser. 
LFBBARDS-BANE*, uV-burdz-bane. n.s. A poi- 
sonous plant. B. Jonson. 
LFBEL §, ll'-bel. n. s. [libellus, Lat. ; libelle, Fr.] A 
satire; defamatory Writing ; a lampoon. Bp. Hall. 
[In the civil law.] A declaration or charge in writ- 
ing against a person exhibited in court. 
To LFBEL, ll'-bel. v. n. To spread defamation, 

written or printed. Shakspeare. 
To LFBEL, ll'-bel. v. a. To satirize ; to lampoon. 

Dryden. 
LFBELLER, ll'-bel-l&r. n. s. A defamer by writing; 

a lampooner. Dryden. 
LFBELLING*, li'-bel-lng. n. s. Act of defaming or 

abusing. Glanville. 

LFBELLOUS, li'-bel-lus. a. Defamatory. Wolton. 

LIBERALS, llb'-beT-al. 88. [See Legislature.] 

a. [liberalis, Lat.] Not mean; not low in birth. 

Spenser. Becoming a gentleman. Munificent; 

generous ; bountiful. Spenser. Gross ; licentious ; 

free to excess. Shakspeare. 

LIBERA'LITY, llb-beT-al'-e-te. n. s. Munificence ; 

bouiHv; generosity; generous profusion. Shak. 
To LIBERALIZE*, llb'-ber-al-ize. v. a. To make 

liberal, generous, gentlemanly, open. Burke. 
LIBERALLY, llb'-ber-ral-e. ad. Bounteously; 
bountifully ; large'.y. James, i. Not meanly ; mag- 
nanimously. Freely ; copiously. Patrick. Licen- 
tiously. Greene. 
To LIBERATE §* llb'-her-ate. 91. v.a. [libero, Lat.] 

To free ; to set free. Johnson. 
LIBERATION*, llb-ber-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of set- 
ting free; deliverance. Pownall. 
LIBERATOR*, llb'-ber-a-tur. n. s. A deliverer. 

Hewyt. 
LIBERTINAGE*, hV-ber-tln-aje. n. s. [Fr.] Sen- 
suality ; dissoluteness. Cotgrave. Licentiousness 
of opinion. Warburton. 
LIBERTINES, llb'-ber-tln. 150. n. s. [UbeHin, Fr.] 
One unconfined ; one at liberty. Sliak. One who 
lives without restraint or law. Rowe. One who 
pays no regard to the precepts of religion. Sliak. 
[In law : lihei-tinus, Lat.] A freedman ; or, rather, 
the son of a freedman. Ayliffe. 
LIBERTINE, llb'-ber-tln. a. Licentious ; irreligious. 

Bacon. 
LFBERTINISM, llb'-ber-tln-lzm. n.s. Irreligion ; li- 
centiousness of opinions and practice. Bp. Hall. 
Privilege or state of a freedman. Hammond. 
LIBERTY, llb'-bSr-te. [See Legislature.] n.s. 
[liberie", Fr. ; lihetias, Lat.] Freedom, as opposed 
to slavery. Shak. Exemption from tyranny or in- 
ordinate government. Milton. Freedom, as op- 
posed to necessity. Locke. Pri ilege ; exemption ; 
immunity. Davies. Relaxation of restraint. Mil- 
ton. Leave ; permission. Locke. 
LIBFDINIST*, le-bld'-e-nlst. n s. One devoted to 
lewdness or lust. Junius. 



LIBFDINOUSS,le-bld'-e-n& S . 128 a. [libid 

Lat.l Lewd ; lustful. Bentlev. 
LIBFDINOUSLY, le-bld'-e-n&s-le. 128. ad. Lewd- 

.y ; lustfully. Bp. Lavington. 
L/BFDlNOUSNESS*,le-bld'-e-nfis-nes. n.s. Lewd- 
ness ; lustfulness. 
LIBRA*, ll'-bra. n. s. [Lat.l The seventh sign in the 

zodiack ; the balance. Milton. 
LFBRAL, ll'-bral. 88. a. [libralis, Lat.] Of a pound 

weight. Diet. 
LIBRARIAN §, U-bra'-re an. 128. n.s. [librarius, 
Lat.] One who has the care of a library. Spence. 
One who transcribes or copies books. Broome. 
LIBRA'RIANSHIP*, ll-bra'-re-an-shlp. n. s. The 

office of a librarian. 
LIBRARY, U'-bra-re. n. s. [librairie, Fr.] A large 
collection of books, pubhek or private. Spenser. A 
book -room. Spence. 
To LFBRATE §, ll'-brate. 91. v.a. [libro, Lat.] To 

poise ; to balance ; to hold in equipoise. 
LIBRA'TION, ll-bra'-shfin. 128. n.s. [libratio, Lat.] 
The state of being balanced.' Dryden. [In astrono- 
my.] The balancing motion or trepidation in the 
firmament, whereby the declination of the sun, and 
the latitude of the stars, change from time to time. 
Grew. 
LFBRATORY, ll'-bra-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes 

tick.] a. Balancing ; playing like a balance. 
LICE, Use. The plural of louse. 
LFCEBANE, llse'-bane. n. s. A plant. 
LFCENSABLE*, ll'-sen-sa-bl. a. That may be per 
mitted by a legal grant. Dismissable. Cotgrave. 
LFCENSES, ll'-sense. n.s. [licentia, Lat.] Exorbi- 
tant libert}' ; contempt of legal and necessary re- 
straint. Sidney. A grant of permission. Judith, xi. 
Liberty ; permission. Acts. 
To LFCENSE, ll'-sense. v. a. To permit by a legal 
grant. Milton. To dismiss ; to send away. Wot 
ton. 
LPCENSER, ll'-sen-s&r. 98. n. s. A grantor of per- 

mission. Milton. 
LICENTIATE, ll-sen'-she-ate. 91. n. s. [licentiatus, 
low Lat.] A man who uses license. Camden. A 
degree in Spanish universities. Ayliffe. A term 
applied to those who receive, in our own country, 
licenses from the college of physicians to practise in 
the faculty of medicine. Johnson. 
To LICENTIATE, ll-sen'-she-ate. a. a. [licentier, 
Fr.] To permit ; to encourage by license. L'Es 
trange. 
LICENTIOUS; li-sen'-shfis. 128. a. Unrestrained by 
law or morality. Spenser. Presumptuous ; uncon 
fined. Roscommon. 
LICENTIOUSLY, ll-sen'-shus-le. ad. With loo 

much libert}' ; without just restraint. Camden. 
LICENTIOUSNESS, ll-sen'-shus-nes. n.s. Bound- 
less liberty ; contempt of just restraint. Raleigh. 
LICH*. a. [lie, Sax.] Like; resembling; equal. 

Gower. Ob. T. 
LICH, lltsli. 7i. s. [lice, Sax.] A dead carcass ; 
whence lichwake, the time or act of watching by 
the dead; lichgate, the gate through which the 
dead are carried to the grave ; Lichfield, the field 
of the dead, a city in Staffordshire, so named from 
martyred Christians. 
LI'CHEN*, lltsh'-en. n. s. [Fr.] Liverwort. Miller. 
LFCHOWL, lltsh'-6ul. n. s. [Ikh and owl.] A sort of 

owl, by the vulgar supposed to foretell death. 
LFCIT§*,U / -sit. a. [licitus, Lat.] Lawful. Port Roy- 
al Gr. 
LFCITLY*, ll'-slt-le. ad. Lawfully. Throckmorton 
LFCITNESS*, U'-slt-ngs. n. s. Lawfulness. 
To LICKS, Ilk. v. a. [liccian, Sax.] To pass over 
with the tongue. Temple. To lap ; to take in by 
the tongue. Shakspeare. — To lick up. To devour. 
Numb. xxii. 
LICK*, Ilk. «. s. A wash ; what is smeared over. 

Transl. of Boccalini. Ob. T. 
To LICK$*, Ilk. v. a. [latgga, Su. Goth.l To beat. 
LICK, Ilk. ft. s. A blow ; rough usage. A low word 
Dryden. 
II LFCKER* llk'-fir. ft. s. One who licks or laps up. 
560 



LIE 



LIF 



-116. move, u6r, niVl ;— tube, t&bg bull ;— oil ;— p6und ;—tli\n, Tiiis. 



LICKERISH*, lik'-er-ish. ) a . [ltccena.Sax.l Nice 
LI'CKEROUSy, lik'-er-us. ^ in the choice of food. 

Bp. Hall. Eager; greedy to swallow. 



Nice ; delicate 



Sidney. 



, tempting the appetite. Harmar. 
LI'CKERISHNESS. liV-(Vish-,ies. ) n. s. Nicu- 



ness of pal- 
ate ; dain- 



LI'CKEROUSNESS*, lik'-er-as-ne 
Ll'COROUSNESS*, llk'-er-fis-ne: 

tiness of taste. Woolton. 
LI'CKERISHLY*. Ilk'-er-lsh-lc. ) ad. Daintily; de- 
LI'COROUSLY* llk'-er-us-lc. \ liciously. Gloss. 

Urm's Chancer. 
LICORICE, Hk'-kfir-?s. 142. n. s. [liquoricia, Ital.] 

A root of sweet taste. Hill. 
LFCTOR, lik'-uV. 166. n. 5. [Lat.] A beadle that 

attends the consuls to apprehend or punish criminals. 

Shakspeare. 
LID, l?d. 7i. s. [hlib, Sax.] A cover ; any thing that 

shuts down over a vessel. Addison. "The mem- 
brane that, when we sleep or wink, is drawn over 

the eye. Shakspeare. 
LIE, 11." 276. [lee. Sheridan and Perry. 1 n. s. [lie, 

Fr.] Any thing impregnated with some other body ; 

as. soap" or salt. Peacham. 
$£/* I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, and agree with 

every other orihoepist in giving this word the same 

sound as lie, a falsehood. W. 

LIEy, 11. 276. n.s. [Ii^e, Sax.] A criminal falsehood. 
South. A charge of falsehood. Locke. A fiction. 
Dryden. 

To LIE, H. r. n. [leo^an, Sax.] To utter criminal 
falsehood. Shakspeare. To exhibit false represen- 
tation. Swift. 

To LIEy, ll. v.n. pret. Ilaij ; I have lain or lien. 
[he£an, Sax.] To rest horizontally, or with very 
great inclination, against something' else. To rest"; 
to press upon. Shak. To be reposited in the grave. 
Tsa. xiv. To be in a state of decumbiture. St. 
Mark. To pass the time of sleep. Dryden. To 
be laid up or reposited. Boyle. To remain fixed. 
Temple. To reside. Oen. iv. To be placed or 
situated, with respect to something else. Wisdom. 
To press upon afflictively. Psalms. To be trouble- 
some or tedious. Temple. To be judicial!}' imput- 
ed. Sliak. To be in any particular stale. Isaiah. 
To be in a state of concealment. Locke. To be in 
prison. Shak. To be in a bad state. L' Estrange. 
To be in a helpless or exposed state. Collier. To 
consist. Locke. To be in the power ; to belong to. 
Duppa. To be valid in a court of judicature : as, 
an action lieth against one. To cost ; as, It lies 
me in more money. — To lie at. To importune ; to 
tease. To lie by. To rest ; to remain still. Shak. To 
lie down. To rest. To sink into the grave. To lie in. 
To be in childbed. Spens. To lie under. To be sub- 
ject to ; to be oppressed by. Smalridge. To lie up- 
on. To become the matter of obligation or duty. 
Bacon. To lie with. To converse in bed. Shak'. 

LIEF, leef. 275. a. [leop, Sax. See Lekf, and 
Lever.] Dear ; beloved. Spenser. Ob. J. 

LIEF, leef. ad. Willingly. Shakspeare. 

LIEGES, leedje. 275. a. [lyre, Fr.| Bound by some 
feudal tenure ; subject Sovereign. Spenser. 

LIEGE, lepdje. n. s. Sovereign; superiour lord. 
Phillips. Scarcely in use. 

LI'EGEMAN, leedje'-man. 88. n.s. A subject. Spen- 
ser. Ob. J. 

LI'EGER, lee'-jur. 98. n.s. [more properly legier, or 
ledzer.] A resident ambassadour. Denham. 

LIEN. ll'-en. The participle of lie. Gen. xxvi. 

LIENTE'RlCKJl-en-uV-rlk. 509. a. Pertaining to 
a lienterv. Grew. 

LI'ENTERY, ll'-en-ter-re. n.s. [from \tiov and hre- 
pov.] A particular looseness, or diarrhoea, wherein 
the food passes suddenly through the stomach and 
guts. Quincy. 

35* For the propriety of accenting this word on the first 
syllable, see Dysentery. That dysentery, mesentery, 
and lientery, ought to have the same accentuation, can 
scarcely be doubted ; and yet, if we consult our diction- 
aries, we see an unaccountable diversity : 

r Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, W. 
Dys'entery, < Johnston, Perry, Entick, Bailey, Bar- 

* ** 71 



nusen'terv \ Dr Johnson * Dr - Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Bu 
Vysentery, j chananj pefning. 

a/-,./™/,,-,, Mr - s » e r' dan . Buchanan, Dr. Ash, Bar 
Mes'entery, j day, Entick, Kenrick. 
Jtesen'tery, Bailey, Fenning. 

, , j Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Sheridan. 

Ja cntery, j Dr ^ Buchananj Entick. 

Lien'tery, Bailey, Barclay, Fenning. W. 

LFER, ll'-flr. 418. n. s. One that rests or lies down, 
or remains concealed. Jos. viii. 

LIE U, lu. 284. 7i. s. [Fr.] Place ; room ; it is only 

used with in ; in lieu, instead. Hooker. 
: LIEUTE'NANCY, lev-ten'-nan-se. n. s. The office 
of a lieutenant. Shakspeare. The body of lieuten 
ants. Felton. 

LIEUTE'NANT y , ley-teV-nant. 285. [lif-ten'-nant, 

' Sheridan : liv-ten'-nant, Perry and Jones.] n. s. 

[Fr.] A deputy ; one who acts by vicarious authori- 

j ty. Bacon. In war, one who holds the next rank 

to a superiour of any denomination. Spenser. 
I #Cf This word is frequently pronounced, by good speak- 
j ers, as if written livtenant. The difference between 
j the short i and short c is so trifling as scarcely to de- 
I serve notice: but the regular sound, as if written lew- 
tenant, seems not so remote from the corruption as to 
make us lose all hope that it will in time be the actual 
pronunciation. W. 

LIEUTE'NANTSHIP, lev-ten'-naiit-shlp. n. s. The 
rank or office of lieutenant. Harmar. 

LIEVE. leev. ad. [See Lief.] Willingly. Shak. 

LIFEy, life. n.s. pi. lives, [lip, lyp,Sax.] Union and 
co-operation of soul with body; vitality; anima- 
tion. Locke. Present state. Coicley. Enjoyment, 
or possession of existence. Spenser. Blood, the 
supposed vehicle of life. Pope. Conduct; manner 
of living, with respect to virtue or vice. Cowley 
Condition ; manner of living, with respect to happi 
ness and misery. Dryden. Continuance of oui 
present state. Locke. The living form. Bacon 
Exact resemblance. Denham. General state of 
man. Milton. Common occurrences ; human af- 
fairs j the course of things. Ascham. Living per- 
son. Shale, Narrative of a life past. Pope. Spirit; 
briskness; vivacity; resolution. Sidney. Animat- 
ed existence ; animal being. Thomson. System 
of animal nature. Pope. Life is also used of vege- 
tables, and whatever grows and decays. 

LFFEBLOOpjife'-blud. n. s. The blood necessary 
to life ; the vital blood. Shakspeare. 

LI'FEBLOOD*, llfe'-blud. a. Necessary as the blood 
to life ; vital ; essential. Milton. 

LIFEEVERLA'STING, llfe-ev-er-last'-lng. n.s. An 
her!). Ainsworth. 

Ll'FEGIVING, life'-giv-lng. a. Having the power 
to give life. Milton. 

LIFEGUARD, llfe-gyard'. n. s. [life, and guard.] 
The guard of a king's person. Scott. 

§CT This word is vulgarly pronounced liveguard, as if 
opposed to a deadguard. W. 

LIFELESS, life'-les. a. [hpleay, Sax.] Dead ; de- 
prived of life. Prior. Unanimated ; void of life. 
Milton. Wanting power, force, or spirit. Shak. 
Wanting or deprived of physical energy. Dryden. 

LFFELESSLY, llfe'-les-le. ad. Without vigour j 
frigidly; jejunely. 

LIFELIKE, llfe'-like. a. Like a living person. Pope. 

LFFESTRING, life'-strlng. n. s. [life and string.] 
Nerve ; strings imaginedto convey life. Daniel. 

LIFETIME, llfe'-lime. n.s. Continuance or dura- 
tion of life. Addison. 

LIFEWE'ARY, llfe'-we-re. a. [life and weary.] 
Wretched ; tired of living. Shakspeare. 

To LIFT y , lift. r. a. I lifted, or lift ; I have lifted, or 
lift, [lyffla, Swed.] To raise from the ground; to 
heave; to elevate; to hold on high. Sliak. To 
bear ; to support. Spenser. To rob ; to plunder : 
whence the term shoplifter, [hliflus, Goth.] Dry- 
den. To exalt ; to elevate mentally. 2 Chron. To 
raise in fortune. Ecclus. To raise in estimation 
Hooker. To exalt in dignity. Addison. To ele 
vate ; to swell, as with pride. Tim. iii. 

To LIFT, lift. v.n. To strive to raise by strength. 
Tuaser. To practise theft. B. Jonson. 
561 



LIG 



LIK 



HF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— m£, mh ;— pine, pih ;- 



LIFT, lift. «. s. The manner of lifting, #ocorc. The 
act of lifting. V Estrange. Effort; struggle. Hu- 
dibras. [In Scottish.] The sky. Lifts of a sail are 
ropes to raise or lower them at pleasure. 
LFFTER, lift'-fir. 93. n. s. One that lifts. Psalm iii. 
One that Jills with a lever. Hidoet. A thief. Hol- 
land. 
LFFTING*, lifting-, n. s. The act of lifting; assist- 
ance. Swift. 
7'oLIG, Jig. v. n. [liggen, Dutch.] To lie. Chaucer. 
LFGAMENT^llg'-a-ment. n. s. {ligamentum, Lat.] 
A white and solid body, softer than a cartilage, but 
harder than a membrane, which fastens the bones. 
Quincy. Any thing which connects the parts of 
the bod}'. DenJiam. Bond ; chain ; entanglement. 
Addison. 
LIGAME NTAL, Bg-a-men'-lal. } a. Composing 
LIGAMENTOUS,' l'ig-a-men'-tas \ a ligament. 

Brown. 
LIGATION, iVga'-shQn. - e. [ligalio,hai.) The act 

of binding. The state ol being bound. Burton. 
LFGATURE.lig''-ga-ture. n.s. [ligaima, Lat.] Any- 
thing tied round another ; bandage. Brown. The 
act of binding. Arbuihnot. The state of being 
bound. Mortimer. 
LIGHT§, lite. 393. n.s. [leohfc.Sax.] That material 
medium of sight ; that body by which we cee. 
Newton. State of the elements, in which things 
become visible : opposed to darkness. Genesis. 
Power of perceiving external objects by the eye : 
opposed to blindness. Psalms. Day. Job. Lile. 
Job. Artificial illumination. Numbers. Illumina- 
tion of mind; instruction; knowledge. Hooker. 
The part of a picture which is drawn with bright 
colours, or on which the light is supposed to fall. 
Dryden. Reach of knowledge ; mental view. Dan. 
v. Point of view ; situation } direction in which the 
light falls. South. Public!: view ; publick notice. 
Pope. The publick. Pope. Explanation. Hooker. 
Any thing that gives light ; a pharos ; a taper; any 
luminous body. Acts, xvi. 
LIGHT, lite. a. [hht, Sax.] Not tending to the cen- 
tre with great force ; not heavy. Dryden. Not 
burdensome ; easy to be worn, or carried, or lifted ; 
not onerous. Bacon. Not afflictive ; easy to be en- 
dured. Hooker. Easy to be performed ; not diffi- 
cult. Wicliffe. Easy to be acted on by any power. 
Dryden. Not heavily armed. Knolles. Active ; 
nimble. Spenser. Unencumbered ; unembarrass- 
ed ; clear of impediments. Bacon. Slight; not 
treat. Boyle. Not dense ; not gross. Numb. xxi. 
lasy to admit any influence ; unsteady ; unsettled ; 
loose. Dailies. Gay ; airv ; wanting dignity or so- 
lidity ; trifling. Shak. Not chaste ; not regular in 
conduct. Tatler. [From light, n. s.] Bright ; 
clear. Gen. xliv. Not dark ; tending to whiteness. 
Dryden. 
LIGHT, lite. ad. Lightly; cheaply. Hooker. 
To LIGHT, lite. _ r. a. pret. and part, lighted, light, 
and lit. To kindle ; to inflame ; to set on fire. 
Boyle. To give light to ; to guide by light. Cra- 
shaw. To illuminate; to fill with light. Dryden. 
To lighten ; to ease of a burthen. Spenser. 
To LIGHT, lite. v.n. pret. lighted, or light, or lit. 
[lickt, Dutch.] To happen to find ; to fall upon by 
chance. Sidney. To fall in any particular direc- 
tion. Dryden. To fall ; to strike on. Spenser. 
[alighfean, Sax.] To descend from a horse or car- 
riage. 2 Kings, v. To settle ; to rest. Shakspeare. 
LIGHT-ARMED*, Ute-armd'. a. Not heavily arm- 
ed. Milton. 
LIGHT-BEARER*, lite-bare'-ur. n. s. A torch- 
bearer. B. Jonson. 
LFGHTBRAIN*, llte'-brane. n. s. A trifling, empty- 
headed person. Martin. 
To LIGHTEN, ll'-t'n. 103. v. n. [lihfcan, Sax.] To 
flash, with thunder. Shak. Toshine like lightning. 
Shak. Figuratively, to dart out words with ve- 
hemence ; as to thunder is to emit them with noise 
and terrour. Apologie or Def. of the Prince of 
Orange. To fall ; to light. Common Prayer. 
To LFGHTEN, ll'-t'n. v. a. [lihfcan, lyhfcan, Sax.] 



To illuminate ; to enlighten. 2 Sam. xxii. To ex- 
onerate; to unload. Jon. i. To make less heavy. 
Milton. To exhilarate ; to cheer. Slmkspeare. 
LFGHTER§, hte'-ur. 98. n. s. [probably from the 
Sax. lit, a vessel, a ship.] A large, open vessel, 
usually managed with oars; a kind of barge, com- 
mon on the river Thames, and employed to con- 
vey goods to or from a ship, and usually to carry 
ballast. Carew. [from light.] One who communi- 
cates light ; as, a \amp-lighter. 
LFGHTERMAN, llte'-fir-man. 88. n.s. One wno 

manages a lighter. Child. 
LIGHTFFNGERED, llte-fmg'-gur'd. 359. a. [liglit 

and finger.'] Nimble at conveyance ; thievish. 
LFGHTFQOT, llte'-fut. a. Nimble in running or 

dancing ; active. Spenser. 
LFGHTFOOT, llte'-fut. n. s. Venison. 
LIGHTFO'OTED*. llte-fut'-ted. a. Nimble in run 

ning. Drayton. 
LIGHTHEADED, llte-hed'-ed. a. Unsteady ; loose ; 
thoughtless ; weak. Clarendon. Delirious; disor 
dered in the mind bv disease. Walpole. 
LIGHTHEADEDNESS, llte-hed'-ed-nes. n. s. De- 

liriousness; disorder of the mind. 
LIGHTHE'ARTED, lite-hart'-ed. a. Gay, merry; 

airy; cheerful. 
LFGHTHOUSE, Hte'-hSuse. n.s. A high building, 
at the top of which lights are hang to guide ships 
at sea. Arbuilinoi. 
LIGHTLE'GGED, llte-leg'd'. 359. a. Nimble 

swift. Sidney. 
LFGHTLESS, llte'-les. a. Wanting light ; dark. Shak. 
LFGHTLY, llte'-le. ad. Without weight. B. Jonson. 
Without deep impression. Prior. Easily; readi- 
ly; without difficulty ; of course. Hooker. Without 
reason. Bp. Taylor. Without dejection; cheer- 
fully. Shak. Not chastely. Swift. Nimbly ; with 
agility; not heavily or tardily. Jerem. iv. Gayly; 
airily; with levity. Common Prayer. 
LIGH'TMFNDED, llte-mind'-ed. a. Unsettled; un- 
steady. Eccl. xix. 
LFGHTNESS, llte'-nes. n. s. Want of weight ; the 
contrary to lieaviness. Bacon. Inconstancy; un- 
steadiness. Spenser. Unchastity ; want of con- 
duct in women. Sidney. Agility; nimbleness. 
LFGHTNING, llle'-iung. n.s. [from lighten.] The 
flash that attends thunder. Dairies. Mitigation ; 
abatement. Shakspeare. 
LIGHTS, lltes. n.s. The lungs; the organs of 
breathing; we say, lights of other animals, and 
lungs of men. Hay ward. 
LFGHTSOME, llte'-sum. a. Luminous: not dark; 
not obscure; not opaque. Raleigh. Gay; airy; 
having the power to exhilarate. Hooker. 
LFGHTSOMENESS, llle'-sfim-nes. n.s. Lumin- 
ousness ; not opacity ; not obscurity ; not darksome- 
ncss. Cheyne. ^ Cheerfulness ; merriment ; levity. 
LIGNA'LOES, lig-naF-6ze. n. s. [lignum aloes, Lat.] 

Aloes wood. Numb. xxiv. 
LFGNEOUS, lig'-ne-us. a. [ligneus, Lat.] Made of 

wood ; wooden ; resembling wood. Bacon. 
LFGNOUS*, llg'-nfis. a. [lignosus, Lat.] Of a 

woody substance. Evelyn. 
LIGNUMVITjE, lig-num-vl'-te. n. s. [Lat.] 

Guaiacum; a very hard wood. 
LFGURE, ll'-gure. 544. n. s. A precious stone. 

Exod. xxviii. 
LIKE*, like. A frequent termination of adjec- 
tives in our language, from the Saxon form of lie j: 
as, ^oblic, msebenlic, heopenhc, eopShlic. i. e. 
godlike, maidenlike, heavenlike, earthlike; softened 
into the termination of ly, viz. godly, maidenly, 
heavenly , earthly . 
LIKE §, like. a. [lie, Sax.] Resembling; having re- 
semblance. Ezek. xxxi. Equal ; of the same quan- 
tity. Sprat. [For likely.] Probable ; credible. Ba- 
con. Likely; in a state that gives probable ex- 
pectations. Jer. xxxviii. 
LIKE, like. n.s. Some person or thing resembling 
anolher. Shak. — Used with had : near approach j 
a state like to anolher state. Raleigh. 
LIKE, like. ad. In the same manner; in the same 
562 



I.IM 



LIM 



—116, move, nor. nut ;— tube, tftb, ball ;— oil ;— pound ;— (Inn, THis. 



manner as. Spenser. In such a manner as befits. 
1 Sam. iv. Likely ; probably. Shakspeare. 
To LIKE. like. v. a. [hcean, Sax.] To choose with 
some degree of preference. Knotles. To approve; 
to view with approbation, not fondness. Sidney. 
To please ; to be agreeable to. Spenser. To liken. 
Shaksneare. 
To LIKE, like. v.n. To be pleased with. Hooker. 
To choose ; to list ; to be pleased. Locke. 

LIVELIHOOD, llke'-le-hud. P n. s. Appearance ; 

LIVELINESS, llke'-le-nes. $ show. Shak. Re- 
semblance; likeness. Raleigli. Probability; veri- 
similitude; appearance of truth. Hooker. 

LI'KELY, Uke'-le. a. Such as may be liked ; such 
as may please. Sidney. Probable; such as may 
in reason be thought cr believed. Johnson. 

LFKELY, llke'-le. ad. Probably; as may reasona- 
bly be thought. Glanrille. 

To LFKEN, ll'-k'n. 103. v. a. To represent as hav- 
ing resemblance ; to compare. Milton. 

LIKENESS, Hke'-nes. n.s. [licnerre, Sax.] Rep- 
resentation; parable; comparison. Wicliffe. Re- 
semblance ; similitude. Spenser. Form ; appear- 
ance. Shak. One who resembles another. Prior. 

LPKEVVISE, llke'-wlze. 140. ad. [like and toise.] 
In like manner ; also ; moreover ; loo. Bacon. 

LI'KING, li'-klng. a. Plump; in a state of plump- 
ness. Dan. i. 

LFKING, H'-king. n. s. Good state of body ; plump- 
ness. Sliak. i^taie of trial. Dry den. lueiii. alien ; 
desire. [Iicun^ 1 , Sax.] Chancer. Delight in; 
pleasure in. Dry den. 

LFLACH. ll'-lak. n. s. [lilac, FY.] A tree. Bacon. 

05= This word is pronounced by the vulgar as if written 
laylock. The word comes from the French, and the cor- 
ruption seems to have obtained in the same manner as 
in China, but not so universally. — See China. W. 

To LILL*, 111. v. a. To put out : used of the tongue. 
Spenser. See To Loll. 

LFLLIED, Hl'-Hd. 283. a. Embellished with lilies. 
Milton. 

LFLY §, HlMe. n.s. [lilium, Lat.] A plant and flow- 
er. Miller. 

LII Y-DAFFODIL, mMe-daf-fo-dtl. n. s. A foreign 
flower. 

LI LYHANDED*, lil'-le-hand-ed. a. Having hands 
white as the lilv. Spenser. 

LILY-HYACINTH, n.s. A plant. Miller. 

LILY OF THE VALLEY, or May lily; lil'-le-ov- 
THe-val'-le. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

LI'LYLJVERED, lll'-Ie-liv-vur'd. 359. a. White- 
livered ; cowardly. Shakspeare. 

To LILT*, lilt. v. n. To do any thing cleverly or 
quicklv. Pesrze. 

LI^MAfURE, li'-ma-ttVe. n.s. [limatura, Lat.] 
Filings of any metal ; the particles rubbed off by 
a file. 

LIMB (\ lim. 347. n.s. [lim, Sax.] A member; a 
jointed or articulated part of animals, [limbe, Fr. ; 
limhus, Lat.] An edjre ; a border. Newton. 

To LTMB, lim. v. a. To supply with limbs. Milton. 
To tear asunder ; to dismember. 

LIMBECK §, lim'-bek. n. s. [corrupted from alem- 
bic/c] A still. Fairfax. 

To LF3IBECK*, lim'-bek. v. a. To strain as 
through a still. Sir E. Sandys. 

LI'MBED. limd. 359. a. Formed with regard to 
limbs. Pope. 

LI'MBERS, uV-b?.-. 98. a. [lemper, Dan.] Flexible ; 
easily bent ; pliant ; lithe. Shakspeare. 

LI'MBERNESS, l'fm'-bfir-nes. n. s. Flexibility; 
pliancy. 

LUMBERS*, lim'-b&rz. n. s. pi. [limar, plur. of lim. 
Icel.] In Berkshire, thills or shafts : in military 
language, two-wheel carriages having boxes for 
ammunition : and, in naval language, little square 
apertures cut in the timbers of a ship to convey the 
bilge water to the pump. 

LI'MBLESS*, l?m'-les. a. [limblear, Sax.] Want- 
ing limbs ; deprived of limbs. Massinger. 

LI'MBMEAL*, lim'-meel. ad. [limb and meal.] 
Piecemeal ; in pieces. Shakspeare, 



LI'M BO, lim'-bo. > n. s. A region bordering upon 
LI'MBUS*, llotf-bfts. ) hell, in which there is nei- 
ther pleasure nor pain. Popularly, hell. Bp. 
Hooper. Any place of misery and restraint. Dry- 

dcn. 
LIME $, lime. n. s. [lim, Sax.] A viscous substance 
drawn over twigs, which catches and entangles the 
wings of birds that light upon it. Shak. Matter 
of which mortar. is made : so called because used 
in cement. Hill. 
LIME Tree, or LINDEN, n. s. [hnb, Sax.] The 
linden tree. Miller, [lime, Fr.] A species of lemon. 
Thomson. 
To LIME, lime. v. a. [^ehman,Sax.] To entangle ; 
to ensnare. Chaucer. To smear with lime. Shak. 
To cement. Sliak. To manure ground with lime. 
Child. 
LFMEBURNER*. Ume'-burn-ur. n. s. One who 

burns stones to lime. Huloet. 
LFMEHOUND*. llme'-hound. n. s. A limmer, or 

large dog used in hunting the wild boar. Spenser. 
LI'MEKILN, llme'-kfl. n. s. Kiln where stones are 

burnt to lime. Shakspeare. 
LFMESTONE, Ume'-stdne. n. s. The stone of which 

lime is made. Mortimer. 
LIME-TWIG, llme'-twJg. See the first sense of 

Lime. 
LFMETWIGGED*, Hme'-twlg'd. a. Smeared with 

lime ; prepared lo entangle. L. Addison. 
LIME-WATER, liW-wa-tur. n.s. A medicine 
j made by pouring water upon quick lime. Hill. 
LI'MIT §, llm'-nnY. n. s. [limite, Fr.] Bound; border; 

utmost reach. Exod. xliii. 
To LI'MIT, llm'-mlt. v. a. [limiter, Fr.] To confine 
within certain bounds; to restrain ; to circumscribe. 
Psal. lxxviii. To restrain from a lax or general 
signification : as, the universe is here limited to this 
earth. 
LIMIT A'NEOUS, lim-me-ta/-ne-&s. a. Belonging to 

the bounds. Diet. 
LFMITARY, ImY-mSt-tar-e. a. Placed at the boun- 
daries as a guard or superintendent. Milton. 
LIMITATION, lim-me-ta'-shun. n. s. [limitaiio, 
Lat.] Restriction ; circumscription. Hooker. Con- 
finement from a lax or undeterminate import 
Hooker. Limited time. Shak. A certain precinct, 
in which friars were allowed to beg, or exercise 
their function. Bp. Gilpin. 
LFMITEDLY*, lim'-mit-ed-le. ad. With limitation. 

Barrou-. 
LFM1TER*, lim'-mit-ur. n. s. One who restrains 
within certain bounds; that which circumscribes. 
Fotlurby. A friar who had a license to beg within 
a certain district, or whose duty was confined to a 
certain district. Sir T. Elyot. 
LI'MITLESS*, lim'-mh-les. a. Unbounded; unlim- 
ited. Sidney. 
LI'MMER. lim'-rnur. *. s. [limier, Fr.] A lime- 
hound. Dreme of Chaucer, [timer, Icel.] A thill 
or shaft, [linwnier, Fr,] A thill-horse ; a " lim- 
77icr." Slierwood. 
To LIMN §, lim. 411. v.a. [enluminer, Fr.] To draw 

to paint any thing. Shakspeare. 
LI'MNER, lW-nur.411. n. s. [corrupted from enlumi 
new, a decorator of books with initial pictures.] A 
painter ; a picture-maker. Glanville. 
LFiMOUS, ll'-mus. 544, a. [limesus, Lat.] Muddy, 

slimy. Brown. 
LIMP, limp. a. [limpio, Ital.] Vapid; weak. Wal- 
ton. Flexile. 
To LIMP §, Jimp. v. n. [lempen, Sax.] To halt 5 to 

walk lamely. Bacon. 
LIMP*, limp. n. s. Halt ; the act of limping. 
LFMPER*, Hm'-pflr. n. s. One who limps in his 

walking. Shenvood. 
LIMPET, llm'-plt. n.s. A kind of shell-fish. Aim- 
worth, 
LFMPID$, Hm'-pid. a. [limpidus, Lat.] Clear; 

pure ; transparent. Woodward. 
LFMPIDNESS, iW-pjd-nes. n.s. Clearness ; ourity. 
LFMPINGLY, llmp'-lng-li. ad. In a lame,' hating 
manner. SlierwGOoL 

563- 



LIN 
















LIP 


XT 559.- 


-Fate 


far, 


fall 


fat;- 


— me, m<k; 


—pine 


pm 


5 — 



LPMPITUDE* l?m'-pe-tade. n. s. [limpitudo, Lat.] 
Clearness; brightness. Cockeram. 

LFMY, ll'-me. a. Viscous ; glutinous. Spenser. Con- 
taining lime. Grew. 

LIN*,lin. n.s. A mere or pool from which rivers 
spring. Drayton. 

To LIN, lln. v. n. [linna, Icel.] To yield ; to cease ; 
to give over. Spenser. 

LFNCHPIN, lW-pm. n.s. [lyniy, Sax.] An iron 
pin that keeps ihe wheel on the axle-tree. Diet. 

LPNCOLN Green, ling'-kim-green. n. s. The col- 
our of stuff or cloth made formerly at Lincoln. 
Spenser. 

LFNCTURE*, Ifngk'-tshure. n. s. [lincturus, Lat.] 
Medicine licked up by the tongue. Burton. 

LPNCTUS, imgk'-tus. 408. n.s. Medicine licked 
up by the tongue. 

LIND*, And. I n. s. [lmb. Sax.] The lime 

LPNDEN, hV-den. J tree. Chaucer. 

LINE§, line. n. s. [lined, Lat.] Longitudinal exten- 
sion. Bentleij. A slender string. Waller. A thread 
extended to direct any operations. Dry den. The 
string that sustains the angler's hook. Waller. 
Lineaments, or marks in the hand or face. Sluxk. 
Delineation; sketch. Temple. Contour; outline. 
Pope. As much as is written fropi one margin to 
the other ; a verse. Broome. Rank of soldiers. 
Addison. Work thrown up; trench. Dry den. 
Method; disposition. Shak. Extension; limit. 
Milton. Equator; equinoctial circle. Hammond. 
Progeny ; family, ascending or descending. [lin, 
old Fr.] Shak. A line is '"one-tenth of an inch. 
Locke. [In the plural.] A letter : as, I read your 
lines ; or, I send you a live. Lint or flax. Spenser. 

To LINE, line. v. a. To cover on the inside. Boyle. 
To put any thing in the inside ; a sense rather lu- 
dicrous. Carew. To guard within. Clarendon. To 
strengthen by inner works. Shak. To cover with 
Something soft. Shak. To double ; to strengthen. 
Blwfc. To impregnate : applied to animals gene- 
rating. Cretch. 

LINEAGE, lm'-nc-aje. 113. v. s. [linage, Fr.] 
Race ; progeny ; family, ascending or descending. 
Spenser. 

3)3= Though I do not consider the ea in this and the fol- 
lovving words as a diphthong, they are, in colloquial 
pronunciation, squeezed so close together as almost to 
coalesce. This semi-syllabick separation (as it may he 
called) is, perhaps, not improperly expressed by spell- 
ing the words lin-yage, lin-yal, &c. W. 

LFNEA.L $, lln'-ne-al. H3. a. [Umealis, Lat.] Com- 
posed of lines ; delineated. Wotton. Descending 
in a direct genealogy. Locke Hereditary; de- 
rived from ancestors. Shak. Allied by direct 
descent. Dryden. 
LPNEALLY, lin'-e-al-le. ad. In a direct line. Clar- 
endon. 
LPNEAMENT, hV-ne-a-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Feature ; 

discriminating mark in the form. Locke. 
LINEAR, fln'-ne-nr. 113. a. [linearis, Lat.] Com- 
posed of lines ; having the form of lines. Wood- 
ward. 
LINEA'TION, lm-e-a'-shun. n. s. [lineatio, Lat.] 

Draught of a line or lines. Woodward. 
LPNEN §, hV-nin. 99. n. s. [linmn, Sax.] Cloth 

made of hemp or flax. Shakspeare. 
LPNEN, fin'-nm. a. [linens, Lat.] Blade of linen. 

Shakspeare. Resembling linen. Shakspeare. 
LINENDRA'PER, lin'-n'in-dra'-pur. n.s. He who 

deals in linen. B. Jonscn. 
LPNENER*. lin'-nTn-ur. ) n. s. A linendraper. 

LPNEN-MAN*. lin'-nln-man. ) B. Jonson. 
LING, lmg. This termination notes commonly di- 
minution ; as, \LilHng : sometimes a quality ; as, 
firstftng 1 , &c. [from the Sax. lin^.] 
LING, ling. n. s. [Icel.] Heath. Bacon, [linghe, 

Dutch.] A kind of sea-fish. Tusser. 
To LPNGER $, lmg'-gur. 409. v. n. [len£, Sax.] To 
remain long in languor or pain. Dryden. To hes. 
itate ; to be in suspense. Milton. To remain long. 
Shak. To remain long without any action or de- 
termination. Shak. To wait long in expectation 



or uncertainty. Dryden. To be long in producing 
effect. Shakspeare. 

To LPNGER, tfng'-gur. v. a. To protract ; to draw 
out to length. Sliakspeare. 

LFNGERER, ling'-gSr-fir. 557. n s. One who lin- 
gers. Guardian. 

LINGERING*, llng'-g&r-ing. n.s. Tardiness. Mil- 
ton. 

LFNGERINGLY, l?ng'-gur-fng-le. 98. ad. With de- 
lay ; tediouslv. Hale. 

LPNGET, Ifng'-get. n. s. [lingoi, Fr.] A small mass 
of metal. Camden. 

LFNGLE*, nW-gl. n. s. [ligneul, Fr.] Shoema- 
ker's thread. Drayton. 

LINGO, ling'-go. n. s. {Portuguese.] Language 
tongue ; speech. Congreve. A low cant word. 

LINGUA'CIOUS, lfn-gwa'-shus. 408. a. [linguax, 
Lat.] Full of tongue; loquacious; talkative. 

LINGUADE'NTAL, ling-gwa-den'-tal. a. [lingua 
and dens, Lat.] Uttered by the joint action of the 
tongue and teeth. Holder. 

LPNGUIST, ling'-gwist. 331. n. s. [lingua, Lat.] 
A man skilful in languages. Milton. 

LI/NGWORT, llng'-wfirt. n. s. An herb. 

LPNIMENT, Im'-ne-ment. n.s. [linimentum, Lat.] 
Ointment ; balsam ; unguent. Harvey. 

Ll'NING, ll'-nmg. 410. n. s. The inner covering 
of any thing. Milton. Tnat which is within. Shak. 

LINK §, Ilngk. 408. n. s. [gelencke, Germ.] A single 
ring of a chain. Shak. Any thing doubled and closed 
together. Mortimer. A chain ; any thing connect- 
ing. Millon. Any single part of a series or chain 
of consequences. Judge Hale. A series. Addison. 
[from Aw^voj.] A torch made of pitch and hards. 
Dryden. 

To LINK, llngk. v. a. To complicate ; as, the links 
of a chain. Milton,. To unite ; to conjoin in Con 
cord. Shak. To join; to connect. Pope. To join 
by confederacy or contract. Hooker. To connect ; 
as concomitant. Milton. To unite or concatenate 
in a regular series of consequences. Hooker. 

To LINK*', l?ngk. r. n. To be connected. Burke. 

LPNKBOY, llngk'-boe. Iv.s. A boy that carries a 

LPNKMAN, lingk'-man. \ torch to accommodate 
passengers with light. More. 

LINNET, Ifu'-nft. 99. n. s. [lmetpi^e, Sax.] A 
small singing bird. More. 

LPNSEED, nV-seed. n.s. [lmj-aeb, Sax.] The seed 
of flax. 

LPNSEY*, lTn'-se. ». s. [a corruption of linen] Lin- 
sev-woolsey. Bentley. 

LINSEY-WOOLSEY*, lin'-se-wul'-se. n. s. Stuff 
made of linen and wool mixed. 

LINSEY-WOOLSEY, lin'-se-wul'-se. a. Made of 
linen and wool mixed. Vile ; mean ; of different 
and unsuitable parts. Stapleton-. 

LPNSTOCK. lm'-stok. n. s. [lunte or lente, Teut. ; 
lint and stock.] A staff of wood with a match at the 
end of it, used by gunners in firmg cannon. Dryden. 

LINT, lint, n. s. [lmefc, Sax.] The soft substance 
commonly called flax. Linen scraped into a soft, 
woolly substance, to lay on sores. Wiseman. 

LPNTEL, lln'-tel. n.s. [linteau, Fr.] That part of the 
door frame that lies cross the door posts over head. 
Exod. 

LPONy, ll'-un. 166. n.s. [lwi;Fr.; leo, Lat.] The 
fiercest and most magnanimous of four-footed 
beasts. MiUon. A. sign in the zodiack. Creech. 

LPONESS, ll'-un-nes. n. s. A she-lion. Shakspeare. 

#y- There is a propensity pretty general of pronouncing 
the e in this and similar words like short i .- but this 
pronunciation, however pardonable in light, colloquial 
speaking, would be inexcusable in reading or deliberate 
speaking. W. 
LT'ONLEAF, ll'-Qn-lefe. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
LFONLIKE*, ll'-iin-llke. ) a. Resembling a lion. 
LFONLY* U'-ftn-le. \ ' Camden. 

LION'S-MOUTH, H'-unz-mSM. ) 
LION'S-PAW, ll'-unz-paw. f n. s. The name 

LION'S-TAIL, ll'-finz-tale. ( of an herb. 

LION'S-TOOTH, ll'-finz-toSrA. J 
LIP §, tip. n. s. [hppe, Sax.] The outer part of the 
564 



LIS 



LIT 



-no, move, nor, not ;— tube, ttib, bull 5— oil;— pdund; — th'm, THis. 



mouth ; the muscles that shoot beyond the teeth. 
Sfcs*. The edge of any thing. Burnet.— To make 
a lip. To hang the lip in sullenness and contempt. 
Shakspearc. 

To LIP, lip. v. a. To kiss. SlwJcspeare. 

LIP-DEVOTION*, i-ip-de-v6'-shun. n.s. Devotion 
uttered by the lips without concurrence of the 
heart. South. 

LIP-GOOD*, llp'-gud. a. Good in talk without prac- 
tice. B. Jonson. 

LIP-LABOUR, llp'-la-bur. n. s. Action of the lips 
without concurrence of the mind 5 words without 
sentiments. Bale. 

LIPOTHYMOU3, ll-p&/i'-e-mfis. 128. a. Swoon- 
ing; fainting. Harvey. 

LIPOTHYMY, M-pfahf-k-mb. 128. n.s. [\u-oduuia.~] 



Swoon; faintingfit. Bp. Taylor. 
LI'PPED, ltpt. 359. a. Having lips. 
LPPP1TUDE, lip'-pe-tude. n.s. [lip, 



[lippiludo, Lat.] 
Wisdom in talk 



U SSOM*, lis'-sum. a. [probably from le]*an, Sax.J 
Limber.; supple; relaxed; loose; free. 

LIST§, list. n.s. [lisle, Fr.] A roll: a catalogue. 
Bacon, [lice, Fr.] Enclosed grouna in which tilts 



lip'-pe 
Blearedness of eyes. Bacon. 
LIP-WISDOM. lip'-wlz-d&m. n 

without practice. Sidney. 
LI'QUABLE§, hV-kwil-bl. a. [liquo, Lat.] Such as 

may be melted. 
LIQUATION, ll-kwa'-shun. 331. n. s. The act of 

melting. Capacity to be melted. Brown. 
To LFQUATE, li'-kwate. 514. v. n. To melt ; to 

liquefv. Woodward. 
LIQUEFACTION, llk-kwe-fak'-shfln. n. s. [lique- 
/actio, Lat.] The act of melting ; the state of being 
melted. Bacon. 
LIQUEFIABLE, hV-kwe-fl-a-bl. 183. a. Such as 

may be melted. Bacon. 
To LFQUEFYv, lik'-kwe-fl. v. a. [liquefier, Fr.] 

To melt ; to dissolve. Bacon. 
To LIQUEFY, lik'-kwe-fl. 182. 0. n. To grow 

liquid. Addison. 
LIQUE'SCENCY, H-kweV-sen-se. n. s. Aptness to 

melt. 
LIQUE'SCENT/li-kwey-sent. 510. a. [liquescens, 

Lat.] Melting. 
LJQf/E'tftf*, le-kiW. n.s. [Fr.] Any spirituous 

and high-flavoured liquid. Slienstone. 
LIQUID §, llk'-kwid. 340. a. [liquidns, Lat.] Not 
solid; not forming one continuous substance ; fluid. 
Dr. Daniel. Soft; clear. Crasliaw. Pronounced 
without any jar or harshness. Dryden. Dissolved, 
so as not to be attainable by law. Aijliffe. 
LFQUID, lik'-kwid. n.s. Liquid substance ; liquor, 

Phillip. 
To LIQUIDATE, hV-kwe-date. 0. a. To clear 

away ; to lessen debts. Ld. Chesterfield. 
LIQUIDATION.*, lik-kwc-da'-shuii. n. s. Act of 

lessening debts. 
LIQUFDITY, le-kwid'-e-le. n.s. Subtilty; thin- 
ness. Glanville. 
LFQUIDNESS,hV-kwid-nes. n. s. Quality of being- 
liquid; fluency. Boyle. 
LIQUOR§, l!k'-kur. 314, 415. n. s. [Lat.; Hquatr, 
Fr.] Any thing liquid : it is commonly used of 
fluids inebriating, or impregnated with something. 
or made by decoction. MtUon. Strong drink : in 
familiar language. 
To LIQUOR, Hk'-kfir. 183. v. a. To drench or 

moisten. Bacon. 
LFQUORICE*. n. s. See Licorice. 
LFQUORISH*. a. Sec Lickerous. 
LIRICONFA'NCY, llr-e-kun-fan'-se. n. s. A flower. 
LFRIPOOP*, lir'-e-poop. n. s. [liripipion, Fr.] The 

hood of a graduate. Henry. 
LFSBON*,llz / -b5n. n. s. [from Lisbon in Portugal.] 

A kind of white wine. A kind of soft sugar. 
L1SNE. n. s. A cavity ; a hollow. Hale. 
To LISP $, lisp. v. n. [plirp, Sax.] To speak with 
too frequent appulses of the tongue to the teeth or 
palate, like children. Shakspearc. 
To LISP*, lisp. i). a. To utter with a lisp. Crasliaw. 
LISP, lisp. n. s. The act of lisping. Taller. 
LFSPER, lisp'-ur. 98. n. s. One who lisps. Hn- 

loet. 
LFSPINGLY*, lisp'-ing-le. ad. With a lisp; imper- 
fectly. Holder. 



are run, and combats fought. Dryden. [Iirt, 
""frj-tan, Sajc.l De 

strip of cloth. Boijlc. A border. Hooker. 



Sax.] Bound ; limit. Shale, [lyjxan, Sax.J De- 
sire; willingness; choice. Shale, [lift, Sax.] A 



To LIST, list. v. n. [lyptan, Sax.] To choose ; to 
desire ; to be disposed. Spenser. Used as an im- 
personal verb ; it pleased. Spenser. 

To LIST, list. v. a. [list, a roll.] To enlist; to enrol 
or register. South. To retain and enrol soldiers. 
Clarendon. To enclose for combats. Dryden. To 
sew together, in such a sort as to make a parts- 
coloured show. Wolton. To hearken to ; to listen. 
Shakspearc. 

LFSTED, list'-ed. a. Striped; particoloured in long 
streaks. Milton. 

7Y>LI'STEN$, hV-s'n. 103, 472. v. a. [blyrtan, 
Sax.] To hear ; to attend. Shakspearc. Ob. J. 

To LFSTEN, lis'-s'n. v. n. To hearken ; to give at- 
tention. Bacon. 

LISTENER, fis'-s'n-fir. n. s. One that hearkens. 
Howel. 

LFSTFUL*, list'-ful. a. Attentive. Spenser. 

LFSTLESS, iistMes. a. Without inclination; with- 
out any determination to one thing more than 
another. Tillolson. Careless; heedless. Dryden. 

LFSTLESSLY, lfstMes-le. ad. Without thought 3 
without attention. 

LFSTLESSNESS, lisi'-leVnes. n. s. Inattention; 
want of desire. Bp. Taylor. 

LIT, lit. The preterit of ligM . Southeme. 

$3= The regular form of this verb is now the most cor- 
rect. W. 

LITANY, hY-tan-e. n. s. [\traviia.] A form of sup- 
plicatory prayer. Hooker. 
LU E*, lite. a. [lyt, Sax.] Little. Clumcer. 
LITE*, lite. n. s. A little ; a small portion. Chaucer. 
LITERALS, l'lt'-ler-al. a. [Fr.; litera, La! 1 Ac- 
cording to the primitive meaning; not fi^ « live. 
Hooker. Following the letter or exact words. 
Hooker. Consisting of letters. 
LITERAL, lit'-ter-al. n.s. Primitive or literal mean- 
ing. Brown. 

LITERALISM*, lit'-ter-al-izm. n. s. What accords 
with the letter or exact word. Milton. 

LITERALIST*, lif-ter-al-fst. n. s. One who ad- 
heres to the letter or exact word. Milton. 

LITERA'LITY, iH-ter-ral'-e-te. n. s. Original mean- 
ing. Brown. 

LITERALLY, lil'-ter-al-e. ad. According to the 
primitive import of words; not figuratively. Swift. 
With close adherence to words; word by word. 
Dryden. 

LITERARY, uV-ter-a-re. a. [literarius, Lat.] Re- 
specting letters ; appertaining to literature} regard- 
ing learning. Johnson. 

LITERATE*, Ht'-ier-ate. a. Learned. W. Moun- 
ta<me. 

LITERA' TI, Ht-teVra'-tl. n. s. [Ital.] The learned. 
Spectator. 

LITERATOR*, llt'-ter-a-tur. n. s. [Lat.] A petty 
schoolmaster. Burke. 

LITER/ PURE, lit'-ter-ra-uire. n. s. [literatura, 
Lat.] Learning; skill in letters. Bacon. 

L1TK*, M. n. s. [lift, Sax.] A joint; a limb. Chau- 
cer. Oh. T. 

LITHARGE, hW-arje. n.s. [lithargijrum, Lat.] 
Lead vitrified, either alone or with a mixture of 
copper. Hill. 

LITHE §, I'ithc. a. [liSe, Sax.] Limber; flexible; 
soft ; pliant ; easily bent. Chaucer. 

To LITHE*, liTHe. v. a. To smooth ; to soften ; to 
palliate. Chaucer, [lyda, Su. Goth.] To listen ; to 
attend. '■ 

LITHENESS, l'lTHe'-nes. n. s. Limberness; flexi- 
bility. 

LITHER, liTH y -ur,or U'-THfir. a. Soft ; pliant SJiak. 
[lySji, Sax.] Bad; sorry; corrupt. Woolion. 
565 



LIT 



LIX 



\ry 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat •,— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



LFTHERLY* uW-ar-Je, or Il'-mur-le. ad. Slow- 
ly; lazily. Barret. 
LFTHERNESS*, hW-ur-ngs, or ll'-iHiV-ngs. n. s. 

Idleness; laziness. Barrel. 
LPTHESOMEt, Ifr-H'-sum. a. Pliant; nimble;- lim- 
ber. Scott. 
$CT This word, in colloquial use, has contracted the i in 
th« first syllable, and changed the th into s, as if written 
lissum. This contraction of the vowel may be observed 
in several other words, and seems to have been a pre- 
vailing idiom of our pronunciation. — See Principles, 
No. 323, 515. W. 
LITHOGRAPHY, lk/,6g'-gra-fe. 128, 51S. n. s. 
[XiOos a'id ypdcpuj.] The art or practice of engrav- 
ing' upon stones. 
LFTHOMANCY, hW-6-man-se. 519. n. s. [Mdos 

and udv-eic] Prediction bv stones. Brown, 
LITHONTRFPTICK, lfe/t-6n-trip'-tik. 530. a. [Xi- 
dos and TfitPo).'] Medicine proper to dissolve the 
stone in the kidneys or bladder. 
LITHO'TOMIST, Ik/tot'-lo-mist. 128. n. s. A cbi- 
rurgeon who extracts the stone by opening- the 
bladder. 
LITHOTOMY, W-thW-ih-mh. 128, 518. n.s. [\l- 
Qos and rf/ivw.] The art or practice of cutting lor 
the stone, 
LPTHY*, a. Pliable ; bendingeasily. Hv.loet. 
LFT1GANT$, lit'-te-gant. n. s. [lUigans, Lat.] One 

engaged in a suit of law. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
LITIGANT, fit'-te-gant. a. Engaged in a juridical 

contest. Ayliffe. 
To LPTIGATE, tiY-te-gate. v. a. [litigo, Lat.] To 
contest in law ; to debate by judicial process. 
Shenstone. 
To LPTIGATE, tiV-te-gate. v. n. To manage a suit ; 

to carry on a cause. Ayliffe. 
LITIGATION, lll-te-ga'-s'hun. n. s. \litigalio, Lat.] 

Judicial contest ; suit of law. Clarendon. 
LITFGIOUS, le-tid'-jiis. a. [litigieux, Fr.] Inclina- 
ble to law-suits ; quarrelsome ; wrangling. Donne. 
Disputable; controvertible. Hooker. 
LITPGIOUSLY, le-tld'-jns-le. ad. Wrangling] v. 
LITFGIOUSNESS, le-tld'-jus-nes. ri. s. A wran- 
gling disposition ; inclination to vexatious suits. 
Stackhouse. 
LFTTEN*, fit'-ten. n. s. [hetun, Sax.] A place 

where the dead are reposited. 
LFTTER$, Bt'-tfir. n. s. [liliere, Fr.] A kind of ve- 
hicularybed; a carnage capable of containing a 
bed hung between two horses. Shak. The straw 
laid under animals, or on plants. Evelyn. A brood 
of young. South. A birth of animals. Dryden. 
Any number of things thrown sluttishly about. 
Swift. 
To LPTTER, ltt'-tur. 98. v. a. To bring forth : used 
of beasts, or of human beings in contempt. To 
cover with things negligeniry or skittishly scattered 
about. Swift. To cover with straw. Dryden. To 
supply cattle with bedding. 
To LPTTER*, hY-tur. r. n. To be supplied with 

bedding. Habington. 
LPTTLE §, hY-tl. 405. a. comp. less, and lesser ; su- 

Serl. least, [lyfcel, Sax.] Small in extent. Josh. xix. 
lot great; small; diminutive. St. Luke, xix. Of 
small dignity, power, or importance. 1 Sam. xv. 
Not much; not many. Proverbs. Some/not none. 
Locke. 

LPTTLE, flt'-tl. n. s. A small space. Dryden. A 
small part ; a small proportion. Ecclus. A slight 
affair. Dryden. Not much. Cheyne. Represen- 
tation in a small compass ; miniature. Bp. Taylor. 

LPTTLE, hV-tl. ad. In a small degree. Watts. In 
a small quantity. Otway. In some degree, but 
not great. Arbuthnot. Not nmch. Prov. x. 

LITTLENESS, fit'-tl-nes. n, s. Smallness of bulk. 
Donne. Meanness ; want of grandeur. Addison. 
Want of dignitv. Collier. 

LPTTORAL, lh'-td-rfil. 88. a. [lUtoralis, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the shore. 

LITURGICAL*, le-tur'-je^kal. ) a. Belonging to a 

LITU'RGICK*, le-tfir'-jlk. $ formulary of pul> 
lick devotions. Bp. Prideaux. 



LI'TURGYfc, I'it'-t&r-je. n. s. [Xurovpyia.] Form of 
prayers ; formulary of publick devotions. Hooker. 
To LIVE §, tiV. 157. v. n. [Iipan, hpian, Sax.] To 
be in a state of animation; to be not dead. Shak. 
To pass life in any certain manner with regard to 
habits, good or ill, happiness or misery. Ecclus. 
xli. To continue in life. SJmk. To live, emphat- 
ically ; to be in a state of happiness. Dryden. To 
be exempt from death, temporal or spiritual. Lev. 
xviii. To remain undestroyed. Burnet. To con- 
tinue ', r not to be lost. Watts. To converse ; to 
cohabit. Shak. To feed. Arbuthnot. To main- 
tain one's self. Temple. To be in a state of mo- 
tion or vegetation. Dryden,. To be unextinguished. 
Dryden. 
LIVE, live. 157. a. Quick; not dead. Exodus. Ac- 
tive ; not extinguished. Boyle. Vivid : spoken of 
colour. Thomson. 
LIVE*, live. n. s. Life. Ob. T. 
LFVELESS, live'-les. a. Wanting life; rather, 

lifeless. Shakspeare. 
LIVELIHOOD, lW-le-hud. 157. n. s. \lively, and 
hood, i. e. quality.] Support of life ; maintenance ; 
means of living. Spenser. Living form ; appear- 
ance of life. Spenser. 
LPVELILY*. See Lively. 
LPVELINESS, Hye'-le-nes. n.s. Appearance of life. 

Bp. Taylor. Vivacity; sprightliness. Locke. 
LPVELODE, lW-l6de. n. s. [live and lode, from 
lead; the means of leading life.] Maintenance: 
support; livelihood. Spenser. 
LFVELONG, llW-l&iig. a. Tedious ; long in passing. 

Milton. Lasting; durable. Milton. 
LPVELY, hW-le. 157. a. [liplic, Sax.] Brisk ; vig- 
orous ; vivacious. Milton. Gay ; airy. Pope. Rep- 
resenting life. Dryden. Strong; energetick. South. 
LPVELY, llve'-le. f)ad. Briskly; vigorously. 
LPVELILY, live'-le-le. \ Hay-ward. With strong 

resemblance of life. Dryden. 
LPVER, liV-vur. 98. n. s. One who lives. Prior. 
One who lives in any particular manner. Spenser. 
LPVER §, liv'-vur. n. s. [lipeji, Sax.] One of the 

entrails. Shakspeare. 
LFVERCOLOUR, liV-vur-kol-lur. a. Dark red. 

Woodward. 
LPVERED*. Itv'-vfird. a. Having a liver ; as, " white- 

tinerei. Sherwood. 
LFVERGROWN, lfv'-vfir-gi^ne. a. Having a great 

liver. Graunt. 
LFVERWQRT. jrv'-vur-wfirt. n.s. A plant. 
LI'VERY§, UV-vfir-e. 98. n. s. [livrer, Fr.] The act 
of giving possession. Spenser. Release from ward- 
ship, liing Charles. The writ by which posses- 
sion is obtained. The state of being kept at a cer- 
tain rate. Spenser. The clothes given to servants. 
Sidney. A particular dress; a garb worn as a 
token or consequence of any thing. Sidney. In 
London : the collective bod}' of liverymen. 
To LPVER Y* UV-vfir-e. v. a. To clothe in a livery. 

Shakspeare. 
LPVERYMAN, hV-vur-e-man. 88. n. s. One who 
wears a livery ; a servant of an inferiour kind. 
In London : a freeman of a company. 
LIVES, livz. n.s. The plural of life. Donne. 
LFVID§, liv'-fd. a. [lividus. Lat.] Discoloured, as 

with a blow; black and blue. Bacon. 
LIVPDITY, le-vfd'-e-te. n. s. Discoloration, as by 

a blow. Arbuthnot. 
LP VIDNESS*, llv'-ld-mls. n. s. The state of being 

livid. Scott. 
LPVING , liV-vmg. 410. part. a. Vigorous ; active. 

Being in motion. 
LPVING, hV-mg. n. s. Support ; maintenance : for- 
tune on which one lives. Sidney. Power of con- 
tinuing life. L'Estrange. Livelihood. Spmser. 
Benefice of a clergyman. Spenser. 
LPVINGLY, liv'-vmg-le. ad. In the living slate. 

Brown. 
LI VRE, ll'-vfir. 416. n. s. [Fr.] The sum by which 
the French reckon their money, equal nearly to-our 
ten-pence. 
LIXPVIAL, Uk-slV-6-al. a. [Lat.] Impregnated with 
566 






LOA 



LOC 



— n6, move, nor, n6t j — tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pdAnd j— </nn, thi's. 



salts like a lixivium. Arbuthnot. Obtained bv lixiv- 
ium. Boi/le. 
LIX1 VI VTE, Ilk-sV-e-ate. 91. ; a. Making a Kxiv- 
LlXl'VIATED. lfk-siv'-e-a-ted. S ium. bWu-n. 
LIXIYU'M. llk-slv -e-Cun. n.s. [Lat.] Lie; water 
impregnated with alkaline salt, a liquor which has 
the power of extraction. Boi/le, 
Ll'ZARD. fiz'-zard. 88. n. s. [lisarde, Fr.] An ani- 
mal resembling a serpent, with legs added to it. 
Calmet. 
LI ZARDTA1L. liV-zard-tale. n. s. A plant. 
UZARDSTONE, Bz'-zard-stone. «. s. A kind of 

stone. 
LL. D. [legum doctor.] A doctor of the canon and 

civil laws. 
LO, 16! inter/, [la, Sax. The imperative of look, 

corruptly.] Look! see! behold! Shakspeare. 
LOACH, "l6tsh. 352. n. s. [loche, Fr.] A fish. Wal- 
ton. 
LOADS, lode. 295. n. s. [hlab, Sax.] A burthen; a 
freight; lading. Milton. Weight; pressure; en- 
cumbrance. Pope. Weight, or violence of blows. 
Milton. Any thing that depresses. Ray. As much 
drink as one can bear. Dryden. 
To LOAD, I6de. v. a. pret. loaded; part, loaden. or 
laden, [hlaban, Sax.] To burden ; to freight. Isa. 
xlvi. To encumber; to embarrass. Locke. To 
charge a gun. Wiseman. To make heavy by 
something appended or annexed. Addison. 
LOAD, !6de. n. s. [more properly lode, from Iseban, 
Sax., to lead.] The leading vein in a mine. Ca- 
rew. 
LOADER, ]6'-d&r. n.s. He who loads. Dryden. 
LCADMANAGE*, lode'-man-ldje. n.s. [labman, 
Sax., a pilot or guide; and age.] Pilotage ; the 
skill or art of navigation. 
LO'ADSMAN, I6dz'-inan. 88. n.s. He who leads the 

way ; a pilot. Chaucer. 
LO'ADSTAR, lode'-star. n.s. [more properly lode- 
star, from laedan, Sax., Xo lead.] The poiestar; the 
cynosure ; the leading or guiding star. Sidney. 
LO ADSTONE, I6de'-st6ne. n.s. [properly lodestone, 
or leadingstone.] The magnet ; the stone on which 
the mariner's compass needle is touched to give 
it a direction north and south. Hill. 
LOAF, I6fe. 295. n.s. [Map, or lap, Sax.] Amass 
of bread as it is formed by the baker : a loaf is 
thicker than a cake. SJiak. Any thick mass into 
which a body is wrought. Mortimer. 
LOAM §, l6me. 295. n. s. [Inn, laam, Sax.] Fat, unc- 
tuous, tenacious earth; marl. Shakspeare. 
D5" This word is vulgarly pronounced as if written loom. 
This pronunciation, however, is not only at variance 
with the best usage, but with the most "probable ety- 
mology. Junius spells it lomc, as it undoubtedly ought 
to be pronounced. W. 

To LOAM, l6me. v. a. To smear with loam, marl, or 

jclav ; to clay. Moxon. 
LO AMY. )6'-me. a. Marly. Bacon. Smeared with 

loam. Hewyt. 
LOANS, lone. 295. n.s. [hlaen, Sax.] Any thing lent; 

any thing given to another, on condition of return 



LO ATHLINESS*, l6TH'-le-nes. n.s. What excites 
hatred or abhorrence. Sir T. Elyot. 

LOATHLY, 16-THMe. 295. a. [la$lic,Sax.] Hateful ; 
abhorred; exciting hatred. Chaucer. 

LO'ATHLY, lMi'-le. ad. Unwillingly; without 
liking or inclination. Sidney. 

LO ATHNESS, \6th'-nh. n.s. Unwillingness Shafr. 

LO'ATHSOME, liTH'-sum. a. Abhorred; detesta- 
ble. Sj>enser. Causing satiety or fastidiousness. 
Shakspeare. 

LO'ATHSOMELY*, IdTH'-sfim-le. ad. Sc as to ex- 
cite hatred or disgust. 
"VATHKniVIFNKSH 



Quali- 



or repayment. Bacon. 
" LOAN* - 



[laenan, Sax.] To lend, 



To LOAN*, 16ne 
Huloet. Ob. T. 

LOATH S. \6th. 295. a. [laS, Sax.] Unwilling; dis- 
liking ; not ready ; not inclined. Sidney. 

To LOATHE, Iothc 467. v. a. [laSian, Sax.] To 
hate; to look on with abhorrence. Sidney. To 
consider with the disgust of satiety. Rogers. To 
see food with dislike. Quincy. 

To LOATHE, 16-rue. v.n. To create disgust ; to 
cause abhorrence. To feel abhorrence or disgust. 
Erodus. 

LO'ATHER, l6TH'-ur. 98. n.s. One that loathes. 
Sherwood. 

LO'ATHFUL, 16-th -f&l. a. Abhorring; hating. 
Spenser. Abhorred ; hated. Spenser. 

LO'ATHING*, l6'-TH?ng. n. s. Disgust ; disinclina- 
tion ; unwillingness. Spenser. 

LO'ATHINGLY, lorn'-lnff-le. ad. In a fastidious 
manner. 



LOATHSOMENESS, ^TH'-sum-iies. n 

ty of raising hatred. Shalcspeare. 

LOAVES, l6vz. 295. Plural of loaf. Bacon. 

LOB S, 16b. n. s. [perhaps from looby.] Any one 

heavy, clumsy, or sluggish. Shakspeare. Lob's 

pound; a prison. Addison. A big worm. Walton 

To LOB, 16b. ». a. To let fall in a slovenly or lazy 

manner. Shakspeare. 
LO'BBY, lob'-be. n.s. [laube, Germ.] An opening 

before a room. Wotton. 
LO'BCOCK*, 16b'-k6k. n. s. A sluggish, stupid, in- 
active person; a lob. Breton. 
LOBE, I6be. n.s. [lobe, Fr. ; \ofidg.] A division ; a 
distinct part ; used commonly for a part of the lungs. 
Dryden. 
LO'BLOLLY* l&b'-l&l-le. n. s. A kind of seafaring 

dish. Chambers. 
LO'BSTER, lob'-stfir. 98. n. s. [loppertjie, Sax.] A 

crusiaceous fish. Bacon. 
LO'BULE*, l&b'-ule. n. s. A little lobe. Chambers. 
LO'CAL §, UV-kal. a. [Fr.; locus, Lat.] Having the 
properties of place. Hooker. Relating to place. 
Hooker. Being in a particular place. Milton. 
LOCA'LITY, 16-kaF-6-te. n. s. Existence in place j 

relation of place, or distance. Glanville. 
LOYALLY, l6'-kal-le. ad. With respect to place. 

Bp. Hall. 
To LO'CATE*, l6'-katc. v. a. To place. Cumber- 
land. 
LOCATION, lo-ka'-shfin. n. s. [locatio, Lat.] Situa- 
tion with respect to place ; act of placing; state of 
being placed. Pearson. 
LOCH, 16k. n. s. [loch, Gael.] A lake. Chcyne. 
LOCH*, n. s. [Arabick.] A liquid confection ; a 
soft medicine, between a sirup and an electuary. 
In the plural, loches, the evacuations consequent on 
the delivery of a woman in child-bed. [\o%tia.] 
LOCK §, 16k. n. s. [loc, Sax.] An instrument com- 
posed of springs and bolts, used to fasten doors or 
chests. Spenser. The part of the gun by which 
fire is struck. Grew. A hug ; a grapple. Milton. 
Any enclosure. Drydev. A quantity of hair or 
wool hanging together. Sidney. A tuft. Addison. 
To LOCK, 16k. v. a. To shut or fasten with locks. 
Dryden. To shut up or confine, as with locks. 
Shakspeare. To close fast. Gay. 
To LOCK, 16k. v.n. To become fast by a lock. 

Spenser. To unite by mutual insertion. Boyle. 
LO'CKER, lok'-kfir. 98. n.s. Anything that is closed 

with a lock ; a drawer. Robhison Crusoe. 
LO'CKET, 16k' -kit. 99. n.s. [loquet, Fr.] A small lock ; 
any catch or spring to fasten a necklace, or other 
ornament. Hudibras. 
LO'CKRAM, lok'-krfim. 88. n. s. [lock, Su. Goth., and 

rcmr.] A sort of coarse cloth. Shakspeare. 
LO CKRON, lok'-rfln. n. s. A kind of ranunculus. 
LO'CKSMITH*, lok'-smlth. n.s. A man whose trade 

is to make and mend locks. Fotherby. 
LO'CKY*, ldk'-e. a. Having locks or tufts. Sher 

ivood. Ob. T. 
LOCOMO'TION, l6-k6-m6'-shun. n. s. Power of 

changing place. Brown. 
LO'COMOTIVE §, l6-k6-m6 / -tlv. a. [locus and mo- 
veo, Lat.] Changing place ; having the power of 
removing or changing place. Derham. 
LOCOMOTFVITY*, lo-k6-m6-uV-e-te. n.s. Power 

of changing place. Bryant. 
LO'CUST, T6 ? -kust. n. s. [locusta, Lat.] A devour- 
ing insect. Erodus. 
LOCUST-TREE, i6'-kflst-tree. n. s. A tree. Miller. 
567 





LOG LON 




O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, phi;— 



LOCUTION*, 16-kiV-shun. n.s. Discourse; manner 

of speech; phrase. Bale. 
LO'DESTAR, lode'-star. See Loadstar. 
LO'DESTONE, I6de'-st6ne. See Loadstone. 
To LODGES, Iddje. v. a. [Ionian, Sax.] To place 
in a temporary habitation. Bacon. To afford a 
temporary dwelling". Dryden. To place ; to plant. 
Otway. To fix ; to settle. Shakspeare. To place 
in the memory. Bacon. To harbour or cover. 
Addison. To afford place to. Clieyne. To lay 
"flat. Shakspeare. 
To LODGE, lodje. v.n. To reside; to keep resi- 
dence. ShaJc. To take a temporary habitation. 
Sliak. To take up residence at night. Jeremiah. 
To lie flat. Mortimer. 
LODGE-, I6dje. n. s. [log-is, Fr.] A small house in a 
park or forest. Sidney. Any small house append- 
ant to a greater; as, the porter's lodge. 
LO'DGEABLE*, lodje'-a-bl. a. Capable of afford- 
ing a temporary dwelling. Sir J. Finctt. 
LODGEMENT, lodje'-m&it. n. s. [logement, Fr.] 
Disposition or collocation in a certain place. Der- 
tiam. Accumulation; collection. Sharp. Posses- 
sion of the enemy's work. Addison. 
LO'DGER, lodje'-fir. 98. n. s. One who lives in rooms 
hired in the house of another. Grauni. One that 
resides in any place. Pope. 
LODGING, lodje'-lng. 410. n.s. Temporary habi- 
tation ; rooms hired in the house of another. Bacon. 
Place of residence. Spenser. Harbour ; covert. 
Sidney. Convenience to sleep on. Ray. 
To LOFFE*, lof. v. n. To laugh. Shakspeare. 
LOFTS, 16ft. n. s. [loft, Goth.] A floor. Acts. The 
highest floor. Spenser. Rooms on high. Milton. — 
On loft See Aloft. 
LO'FTILY, l6P-te-le. ad. On high; in an elevated 
place. Proudly; haughtily. Psalm lxxiii. With 
elevation of language or sentiment ; sublimely. 
Spenser. 
LO'FTINFSS, ]6P-te-n§s. n.s. Height; local ele- 
vation. Sublimity; elevation of sentiment. Dryden. 
Pride; haughtiness. Collier. 
LOFTY, lof -te. a. High ; hovering ; elevated in 
place. Milion. Elevated in condition or character. 
Isaiah. Sublime ; elevated in sentiment. Milton. 
Proud; haughty. Tsaiah. 
LOG§, log. n.s. Jtec£an, Sax.] A shapeless bulky 
piece of wood. Shakspeare. A piece of wood, 
about seven or eight inches long, which, with its 
line, serves to measure the course of a ship at sea. 
Hawkesicorth. A Hebrew measure, which held a 
quarter of a cab, five-sixths of a pint. Leviticus. 
LOG-BOARD*, l&g'-bord. n. s. A table divided into 
five columns, containing an account of a ship's 
wav measured by the log. 
LOG-BOOK*, log-book. n. s. A register of a ship's 

way and other naval incidents. 
LOG-LINE*, lfig'-llne. n.s. See the second sense of 

Lac 
To LOG*, l&g. v. n. To move to and fro. Polwhele. 
LOGARPTHMICAL*, log-a-rfr/i'-me-kal. } a. Re- 
LOGARPTHMICK*, l&g-a-rfai'-mlk. \ lating 

to logarithms. Aubrey. 
LOGARITHMS §, log'-a-rl^mz. n.s. [\6yos and 
apidfioi.] The index of the ratios of numbers one to 
another. Harris. 
LO'GGATS, log'-gits. 91. n.s. A play or game. 

Hanmer. 

LO'GGERHE AD §, l&g'-gur-hed. n.s. [logge, Dutch, 

and head.] A doit; a blockhead; a thickskull. 

Shakspeare. 

To fall to LOGGERHEADS. > v.n. To scuffle : to 

To go to LOGGERHEADS. ] fight without 

weapons. L' Estrange. 
LO'GGERHEADED, l&g'-gur-hgd-gd. a. Dull; 

stupid ; doltish. Shakspeare. 
LOGICK $, lod'-jlk. n. s. [logica, Lat.] The art of 

reasoning. Watts. 
LO'GICAL, l&d'-ilk-al. a. Pertaining to logick. 

Hooker. Skilled in logick. Addison. 
LOGICALLY, l&d'-je-kal-e. ad. According to the 
laws of logick. Prior. 



LOGI'CIAN, lo-jish'-un. n.s. [iogicien, Fr.] A teach- 
er or professor of logick ; a man versed in logick. 
Bacon. 
LOGMAN, l&g'-man. 88. n.s. One whose business 

is to carry logs. Shakspeare. 
LO'GOGRIPHE*, 16g'-6-g r ff. n. s. [\6yo; and 

ypl<po>.] A sort of riddle. B. Jonson. 
LOGOMACHY, li-g&m'-a-ke. 518. [See Monoma- 
chy.] n.s. [\nyo>iaxia.] A contention in words ; a 
contention about words. Howell. 
LOGWOOD, log'-wud. n.s. Wood of a very dense 
and firm texture ; the heart only of the tree which 
produces it, and of a deep, strong red colour. 
Hill. 

LOHOC^hV-hok.ra. s.[Arabick.] Medicines which 
are now commonly called eclegmas, lambatives, 
or linctuses. Quinctj. 

LOIN, 16m. 299. n. s. [llwyn, Welsh.] The back of an 
animal carved out by the butcher. Ld. Dorset. 
Loins ; the reins. Shakspeare. 

To LOITER $,l6e'-tur. 299. v.n. [loteren,TeuL] To 
linger ; to spend time carelessly ; to idle. Dryden. 

To LOITER*, 166' -tor. v. a. To consume in trifles ; 
to waste carelessly. Locke. 

LOITERER, I6e'-tur-ur. 98. n.s. A lingerer; an 
idler ; a lazy wretch. Tusscr. 

To LOLLS, 161. 406. v.n. [lolla, Icel., to be slowly 
moved; loll, a slow step.] To lean idly; to rest 
lazily against any thing. Shak. To hang out : 
used of the tongue. Dryden. 

To LOLL, 161. v. a. To put out : used of the tongue 
exerted. Di-yden. 

LO / LLARD 6*, lol'-lard. ) n. s. [lollaerd, Teut.] A 

LO'LLER $*, l&l'-l&r. \ name given to the first 
reformers of the Roman Catholiek religion m Eng- 
land; a reproachful appellation of the followers of 
Wieliffe. Chaucer, 

LO'LLARDY*. lol'-lar-de. n.s. The doctrine of 
Lollards ; a name given to what, before the Refor- 
mation, was deemed heresy. Gower. 

LOMBA'RDICK*, lorn-bar' -dlk. a. [from the Lom- 
bards] Applied to one of the ancient alphabets de- 
rived from the Roman, and relating to the manu- 
scripts of Italy. Astle. 

LOMP, lump. 165. n. s. A kind of roundish fish. 

LO'NDONER*, l5n'-dim-ur. n.s. A native of Lon- 
don; an inhabitant of London. Shakspeare. 

LONDONISM*, lun'-dun-Tzm. n.s. A mode of ex- 
pression said to be peculiar to London. Pegge. 

LONES, l6ne. a. [from alone.] Solitary; unfrequent- 
ed; having no company. Savage. Single; not 
conjoined. Pope. Single; unmarried; or in widow- 
hood. Shakspeare. 

LONE*, I6ne. ) n. s. Northern words for a 

LONNIN*, Idn'-nln. \ lane. 

LONELINESS, line'-le-ne's. n. s. Solitude ; want of 
company. Sidrtey. Disposition to solitude. Shak. 

LO'NELY, line'-le. a. Solitary. Shak. Addicted to 
solitude. Rowe. 

LO'NENESS, lone'-ngs. n.s. Solitude; dislike of 
company. Fletclier. 

LO'NESOME, lone' -sum. a. Solitary; dismal. More. 

LO NESOMELY*, hW-sum-le. ad. In a dismal or 
solitary manner. 

LO'NESOMENESS*, I6ne'-sum-n£s. n. s. State or 
quality of being lonesome. Killingbeck. 

LONG §, long. a. [longus, Lat.] Not short : used of 
time. Acts, xx. Not short : used of space. Milton. 
Having one of its geometrical dimensions in a 
greater degree than either of the other. Ezek. Of 
any certain measure in length. Lam. ii. Not soon 
ceasing, or at an end. Ecclus. xii. Dilatory. Eo- 
clus. xiv. Tedious in narration. Milton. Con- 
tinued by succession to a great series. Milton. 
[from the verb To long.] Longing; desirous. 
Sidney. — Protracted : as, a long note ; a long syl- 
lable. Affectedly deliberate. Toiler. 

LONG, I6ng. ad. To a great length in space. Prior. 
Not for a short time. Fairfax. In the compara- 
tive, it signifies for more time ; and the superlative, 
for most time. Exod. ii. Not soon. Acts, xxviu 
At a point of duration far distant. Tillotson. [for 
568 







LOO 



LOO 



-n6, m6ve, ndr, n6t; — t6.be, tab, bull;— 6il;— p6und;— //tin, THis. 



ato/^.] All along; throughout. Spenser. Owing 
to; in consequence of. [£e-lan£, long of.] Qovoer. 

LONG*, long. n. s. A character of musick, usually 
equal to two breves. 

To LONG, I6ng. v. n. [lan^ian, Sax.] To desire 
earnestly ; to wish with eagerness continued. 
SiiaAspeare. 

To LONG*, 16ng. v. n. [langen, Germ.] To belong. 
Chaucer. 

LONGANIMITY, Idn-ga-nW-e-te. n.s. [Icmga- 
nimitas, Lat.] Forbearance; patience of offences. 
Woolton. 

LONGBOAT, I6ng'-b6te. n.s. The largest boat be- 
longing to a ship. Wotlon. 

LO\GE*, i6nje. n.s. [Fr.] A thrust with a sword. 
Smollett. 

LONGE VAL $*, lon-je'-val. ; a. [langa-nts, Lat.] 

LONGE'VOUSfr*. Iftnye'-vfls. S Longnved. Brown. 

LONGEVITY, lon-jev'-e-te. 408. n. s. Length of 
life. Ray. 

LONGFMANOUS,l6n-jjm'-ma-nus.518. a. \Umgi- 
nuxnus. Lat.l Longr-handed ; having: Ions; hands. 
Brown. 

LONGI'METRYJdn-jW-e-tre.408,518. n.s. [Urn- 
gus, awdnerpiu).] The art or practice of measuring 
distances. Cheyne. 

LONGING, long'-ing. 410. n. s. Earnest desire; 
continual wish. Locke. 

LONGINGLY, long'-nig-le. ad. With incessant 
wishes. Dry den. 

LONGINUUITY*. lon-jfn'-kwe-te. n.s. [hnginqui- 
ias, Lat.l Great distance; not nearness. Barrow. 

LO'NGISH. long'-lsh. a. Somewhat long. 

LONGITUDES, l&n'-je-tude. n. s. [Io7igitudo, Lat.] 
Length; the greatest dimension. Wotton. The 
circumference of the earth, measured from any- 
meridian. Abbot. The distance of any part of the 
earth to the east or west of any place. Donne. 
The position of any thing to east or west. 
Broum. 

LONGITU'DINAL, l6n-je-liV-de-nal. a. Measured 
by the length ; running in the longest direction. 
Cheyw. 

LONGLWED*, lOng'-llv'd. a. Having great length 
of life, or existence. Donne. 

LO'NGLY, long'-le. ad. Tediously ; of much con- 
tinuance. Longingly ; with great likingi Slutk. 

LO XGNESS*, long'-nfis. n. s. Length ; extension. 
Cotgrave. 

LO'NGSOME, long'-sum. a. [Ian£j*um, Sax.] Te- 
dious ; wearisome by its length. Bacon. 

LO'NGSHANKED*, knig'-shankt. a. [long and 
sha/ik^ Having long legs. Burton. 

LO'NGSPUN*, long'-sptin. a. [long and spun.] Car- 
ried to an excessive length ; tedious. Addison. 

LONGSU'FFERANCE, long-suf-fer-anse. n. s. 
Clemency; longsuffering. Common Prayer. 

LONGSU'FFERING, long-suf'-fer-mg. a. Patient; 
not easily provoked. Exod. xxxiv. 

LONGSU'FFERING, long-sflP-fSr-ing. n.s. Pa- 
tience of offence ; clemency. Rogers. 

LO'NGTAIL, long' -tale. 7i. s. Cut and longtail : a 
canting term for one or another. Shakspeare. 

LONGTONGUED*, l6ng'-lung'd. a. Babbling. 

Shakspeare. 
LONGWAYS, l&ng'-waze. ad. [properly longwise.] 

In the longitudinaldirection. Addison. 
LONGWFNDED, l&ng-wlnd'-ed. [See Wind.] a. 
[long and wind.] Long-breathed ; tedious. Swift. 
LO'NGWISE, I6ng'-wize. 152. ad. In the longitudin- 
al direction. Bacon. 
LO'NING*, kV-n?ng. n.s. A lane. 
LO'NISH*, l6'-nfsh. a. Somewhat lonely. Life of A. I 

Wood. 
LOO, 166. n. s. A game at cards. Pope. 
To LOO*, 166. v. a. To beat the opponents by win- ! 

ning every trick at the game. Shenstone. 
LO/OBILY, loo'-be-le. a. Awkward; clumsy. 

L' Estrange. 
LO^BY, l66'-be. 306. n.s. A lubber; a clumsy 

clown. Swift. 
LOOF $, I66f. 306. «. s. [loo, Fr.] That part aloft of j 



the ship which lies just before the chess-trees, as 
far as the bulk head of the castle. Sea Diet 
To LOOF, luf. v. a. To bring a ship close to the 

wind. Shakspeare. 
To LOOK 4, 166k. 306. [luk, Perry and Jones.] v. n. 
[locan, Sax.] To direct the eye to or from any ob- 
ject. Shak. To have power of seeing. Dryden. To 
direct the intellectual eye. Bacon. To expect. Cla- 
rendon. To take care ; to watch. Shak. To be di- 
rected with regard to any object. Prov. iv. To have 
any particular appearance ; to seem. Dryden. To 
have any air, mien, or manner. Shak. To form the 
air in any particular manner, in regarding or be- 
holding. Milton. — To look about one. To be a arm- 
ed ; to be vigilant. Decay of Chr. Piety. To look af- 
ter. To attend ; to take care of. St. Luke. To look 
black. To frown. Shak. To look for. To expect. 
Sidney. To look into. To examine ; to sift ; to in- 
spect closely. Shak. To look on. To respect ; to 
esteem ; to regard as good or bad. Bacon. To 
consider; to conceive of; to think. Dryden. To be 
a mere idle spectator. Shak. To look over. To 
examine ; to try one by one. Locke. To look out. 
To search; to seek. Locke. To be on the watch. 
Collier. To look to. To watch ; to take care of 
Shakspeare. To behold. 
To LOOK, 166k. v. a. To seek ; to search for. Spen- 
ser. To turn the eye upon. 2 Kings, xiv. To in- 
fluence by looks. Dryden. — To lock out. To dis- 
cover by searching. Graunt. 
LOOK,l66k. inter j. See ! lo ! behold ! observe ! Shak. 
LOOK, 166k. n. s. Air of the face ; mien ; cast of the 
countenance. Shak. The act of looking or seeing. 
Dryden. View. Watch. Swinburne. 
LO'OKER, lodk'-flr. 98. ;/. s. One that looks. Spen- 
ser. — Looker on. Spectator, not agent. Sidney. 
LO'OKING*, 166k' -fng. n. s. Expectation. Heb. x. 
LOOKING-GLASS, I86k'-m-glas. n.s. Mirror'; '< 

glass which shows forms reflected. Shakspeare. 
LOOMS. 166m. 306. n.s. [£eloma, Sax.] The frams 
in which the weavers work their cloth. Addiso7i 
Household-stuff; furniture : hence the expression 
heir-loom. — Loom gale. A gentle, easy gale of wind. 
To LOOM, 166m. 306. v. n. [leoman, Sax.] To ap- 
pear large at sea. Skinner. 
LOOM, 166m. n.s. A bird. Grew. 
LOON, l66n. 306. n.s. A sorry fellow; a scoundrel ; 

a rascal ; a lown. Dry dm. 
LOOP§, l66p. 306. n.s. [loopen, Dutch.] A double 
through which a string or lace is drawn; an orna- 
mental double or fringe. Spe/iser. A small aper- 
ture, in ancient castles, lo spy the enemy, or to fire 
ordnance from, or to admit light. Fairfax. 
LO'OPED, I66pt. 359. a. Full of holes. Shakspeare. 
LO'OPHOLE, ^Op'-hile. n.s. Aperture; hole to 
give a passage. Milton. A shift ; an evasion. Dry- 
den. 
LO'OPHQLED, IodpMiol'd. 359. a. Full of holes ; 

full of openings. Hudihras. 
LOORD, l66rd. n. s. [luyaerd, Teut.] An idle, sloth 

ful fellow-. A drone. Spe7iser. 
LOOS*, l66z. n. s. [laus, Lat.] Praise; renown 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
To LOOSER I66se. 306. v. a. [leran, Sax.] To un 
bind ; to untie any thing fastened. Acts. Po relax. 
Darnel. To unbind any one bound. St. Luke. To 
free from imprisonment. Isaiah. To free from any 
obligation. 1 Cm: To free from any thing that 
shackles the mind. Dryden. To free from any 
thing painful. St. Luke. To disengage. Dryden. 
To LOOSE, I66se. v. n. To set sail ; to depart by 

loosing the anchor. Acts. 
LOOSE, I66se. a. Unbound ; untied. Shak. Not fast; 
not fixed. Bentley. Not tight; as, a loose robe. 
Shak. Not crowded ; not close. Milton. Wanton ; 
not chaste. Spenser. Not close; not concise; lax. 
Felton. Vague ; indeterminate. Bacon. Not strict; 
not rigid. Hooker. Unconnected ; rambling. Dry- 
den. Lax of body ; not costive. Locke. Disengaged; 
not enslaved. Atterbury. Disengaged from obliga- 
tion. Addison. Free from connnement. Isaiah 
Remiss ; not attentive. — To break loose. To gain 
569 



LOR 



LOU 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ;— 



liberty. Locke. To let loose. To set at liberty ; to 
set at large ; to free from any restraint. Lev. xiv. 

LOOSE, loose, n. s. Liberty ; freedom from re- 
straint. Dryden. Dismission from any restraining 
force. Bacon. 

LO OSELY, lSSseMe. ad. Not fast; not firmly. Dry- 
den. Without bandage. Spenser. Without union 
or connexion. Millon. Irregularly. Camden. Neg- 
ligently ; carelessly. Hooker. Unsolidly; meanly; 
without dignity. Sliak. Unchastely. Pope. 
To LO'OSEN, lSo'-s'n. 103. v. n. To part ; to tend 
to separation. Sharp. 

To LO'OSEN, lod'-s'n. v. a. To relax any thing 
tied. To make less coherent. Bacon. To sepa- 
rate a compages. Milton. To free from restraint. 
Dryden. To make not costive. Bacon. 

LO'OSENESS, Yddse'-nh. n. s. State contrary to 
that of being fast or fixed. Bacon. Latitude ; crim- 
inal levity. Atierbury. Irregularity ; neglect of 
laws. Hayward. Lewdness ; unchastity. Spenser. 
Diarrhoea ; flux of the belly. Bacon. 

LOOSESTRIFE, lSose'-strife. n. s. An herb. Mil- 
ter. 

To LOP^, lop. v.a. [laube, Germ.] To cut the branch- 
es of trees. Shak. To cut any thing. Howell. 

LOP, l6p. n. s. That which is cut from trees. Spen- 
ser, [loppe, Sax.] A flea. 

LOPE, l6pe. pret. of leap. Spenser. Ob. J. 

LO'PPER, ldp'-pQr. 98. n. s. One that cuts trees. 
Huloet. 

LO PPERED, l&p'-pdrd. a. Coagulated; as loppered 
milk, [hlavp, Icel.] 

LOTPINGS* ldp'-pings. n.s. pi. Tops of branches 
lopped off. Cotgrave. 

LOQUA'CIOUSS, l6-kwa/-shos. 414. a. \loqiiax, 
Lat.] Full of talk; full of tongue. Millon. Speak- 
ing. Phillips. Apt to blab; not secret. 

LOQUACIOUSNESS*, ii-kwa'-shus-nes. n. s. Lo- 
quacity ; too much talk. 

LOQUA'CITY, l6-kwas'-se-te. n. s. [loquacitas, Lat.] 
Too much talk. Ray. 

LORD§, I6rd. 167. n. s. [hlaj.-onb, Sax.] Monarch; 
ruler; governour. Milton. Master; supreme per- 
so\i. Sliak. A tyrant ; an oppressive ruler. Hay- 
ward. A husband. Pope. One who is at the head 
of any business ; an overseer. Tusser. A noble- 
man. Shak. A general name for a peer of Eng- 
land. K. Charles. A baron. An honorary title 
applied to officers; as, lord chief justice, lord may- 
or, lord chief baron. A ludicrous title, given by 
the vulgar to a hump-backed person ; traced, how- 
ever, to the Greek XopSus , crooked. 

To LORD, lord. v. n. To domineer; to rule des- 
potically. Spenser. 

To LORD*, I6rd. v. a. To invest with the dignity 
and privileges of a lord. Sliakspearc. 

LO'RDING, UV-dhig. n.s. Sir ; master; an ancient 
mode of address. Chaucer. A little lord ; a lord, in 
contempt or ridicule. SJiakspeare. 

LO'RDLIKE*, -IdrdMlke. a. Befitting a lord. Con- 
fid, of N. Shaxton. Haughty; proud; insolent. 
Dryden. 

LO'RDLING, lord'-llng. 410. n. s. A diminutive 
lord. Swift. 

LO RDLINESS, lordMe-nes. n. s. Dignity j high 
station. SJuik. Pride ; haughtiness. More. 

LO'RDLY, lord'-le. a. Befitting a lord. South. 
Proud ; haughty ; imperious ; insolent. Shak- 
speare. 

LO'RDLY, iSrd'-le. ad. Imperiously ; despotically ; 
proudly. Dryden. 

LO'RDSHIP, lSrd'-shfp. n. s. Dominion ; power. 
Sidney. Seigniory; domain. Spenser. Title of 
honour used to a nobleman not a duke. B. Jonson. 
Titulary compellation of judges, and some other 
persons in authority and office. 

LORE §, lire. n.s. [lope, Sax.] Lesson; doctrine; 

instruction. Fairfax. Workmanship. Spenser. 
LORE, lire. pret. and part. [lop.en, Sax.] Lost; 

left. Spenser. Ob. J. 
LCKREL, l6r'-il. n. s. [leopan, Sax.] An abandoned 
scoundrel. A vagrant. Cliaucer. Ob. J. 



LO'RESMAN* I6rz'-man. n. s. [lore and num.] In- 
structed Gower. Ob. T. 

To LORICATE*, l&r'-re-Kate. 168. v.a. [lorkatus, 
Lat.] To plate over. Ray. 

LORICA'TION*, I6r-re-ka'-shun. n.s. A surface 
like mail. Evelyn. 

LO'RIMER, lor'-re-mfir. ) 98, 168. n. s. Uormier, 

LO'RINER, lor'-re-nfir. ) Fr.] A saddler; a bri- 
dle-maker. Clmlmers. 

LO'RING*, l6'-r?ng. n. s. Instructive discourse. 

LO'RIQT, l6'-re-fit. n. s. [Fr.] The bird called a 
witwal. Cotgrave. 

LORN, l&rn. [See Forlorn.] pret. pass, and part, 
[lonen, Sax.] Lett: forsaken; lost. Spenser. 

To LOSE§, 166ze. 164. v.a. pret. and part. lost. 
[Jeoyian, loyian, Sax.] To forfeit by unsuccessful 
contest. Dryden. To forfeit as a penalty. Pope. 
To be deprived of. Knolles. To suffer diminution 
of. St. Matthexc. To possess no longer Graunt. 
To miss, so as not to find. Prior. To separate or 
alienate. Pope. To ruin; to send to perdition. 
Addison. To bewilder, so as that the way is no 
longer known. Shak. To deprive of. Temple. 
Not to employ ; not to enjoy. Dryden. To squan- 
der ; to throw away. Pope. To sutler to vanish 
from view. Pope. To destroy by shipwreck. Pri- 
or. To employ ineffectually. Pope. To miss ; to 
part with, so as not to recover. Clarendon. To be 
lreed from. Parnell. 

To LOSE, l66ze. v. n. Not to win. Shak. To de- 
cline; to fail. Milton. 

LO'SEABLE, l66z'-a-bl. 405. a. Subject to priva- 
tion. Boyle. 

LO'SEL, 16z'-il. n.s. [loj-ian, Sax.] A scoundrel; 
a sorry, worthless fellow. Spenser. Ob. J. 

LO'SENGER* loz'-en-jar. n.s. [lea r un£e, Sax.] 
A deceiver ; a flatterer. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

LO'SER, I66z'-ur. 98. n. s. One that is deprived of 
any thing; one that forfeits any thing; the contrary 
to winner or gainer. Shakspeare. 

LOSING*, l66'-zmg. n. s. [loym^. Sax.] Loss; di- 
minution. Ecclus. x. 

LOSS, 16s. n. s. [lo]-, Sax.] Detriment; the contra- 
ry to gain. Hooker. Miss ; privation. Shak. De- 
privation; forfeiture. Milton. Destruction. Dry- 
den. Fault; puzzle. South. Useless application*. 
Addison 

LO'SSFL L* 16s' -fill. a. Detrimental ; noxious. Bp. 
Hau. 

LO'SSLESS*, l6s'-les. a. Exempt from loss. Mil- 
ton. 

LOST, 16st. part. a. No longer perceptible. Pope. 

LOT §, lot. n. s. [hlot, Sax.] Fortune; state assigned. 
Sidney. A die, or any thing used in determining 
chances. Lev. xvi. A chance. Shak. A portion ; 
a parcel of goods as being drawn by lot. Propor- 
tion of taxes; as, to pay scot and lot. Skelton. 

To LOT*, I6t. v. a. To assign ; to set apart. Sack- 
ville. To distribute into lots; to catalogue : as, The 
goods are lotted. To portion. Prior. 

LOTE Tree, or Nettle Tree. n. s. [lote, Fr.] A plant. 
Miller. A little muddy fish, like an eel. Cotgrave. 

LOTH*. See Loath. 

LO' TOS, l<V-t6s. n. s. [Lat.] See Lote. Pope. 

LO'TION, l6'-shfin. n. s. [lotio, Lat.] A form of med- 
icine compounded of aqueous liquids, used to wash 
any part with. Quincy. 

LO'TTERY, lot'-tfir-e. 557. n.s. [lotterie, Fr. from 
lot.] A game of chance ; a sortilege; distribution of 
prizes by chance. Shak. Allottery; allotment. 
Shakspeare. 

LOUD§,l6fid. 312. a. [hlub, Sax.] Noisy; striking 
the ear with great force. St. Luke, xxiii. Clamor- 
ous ; turbulent. Proverbs. 

LOUD*, I6fld. ad. Noisily. Davies. 

LO'UDLY, ldud'-le. ad. Noisily; so as to be heard 
far. Denham. Clamorously ; with violence of voice 
Swift. 

LOUDNESS, l6ud'-nes. n s. Noise; force of sound- 
turbulence ; vehemence or furiousness of clamour. 
South. 

570 



LOV 



LOW 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, t&b, bflll 5— 6ll ;— pfifind ;— thin, THis. 



LOUGH, 16k. 392. n.s. [touch, loch, Irish.] A lake ; 

a large inland standing water. Fairfax. 
LOUGH*, pret. of To hugh. Laughed. Chaucer. 
LOUIS D'OR, lu-e-d6re'. «. s . [Fr.] A golden 
coin of France, valued at about twenty shillings. 
Spectator. 
To LOUNGES, I6unje. v. n. [longis, Fr.] To idle ; 

to live lazily. Student. 
LOUNGER, l6&n'-jfir. n.s. An idler. Guardian. 
To LOUR*, lour. v.n. To be clouded; to frown. 
See To Lower. 

LO'URDAN*. See Lurdan. 

LOUSES, I6use. 312. n.s. plural lice. [top, Sax.] A 
small animal, of which different species live on the 
bodies of men, beasts, and perhaps of all living 
Creatures. Exod. viii. 
To LOUSE, I6uze. 437. v. a. To clean from lice. 
Spe nser , 

LO'USEWORT, l6use'-w&rt. 7?. s. The name of a 
plant. Miller. 

LO'USILY, l&fi'-ze-Ie. ad. In a paltry, mean, and 
scurvy way. 

LOTJSlNESS, ldiV-ze-nes. n. s. The state of abound- 
ing with lice. Evelyn. 

LO'USY, l&u'-ze. a. Swarming with lice ; over-run 
with lice. Dryden. Mean ; low born ; bred on the 
dunghill. Shak. Mean 5 contemptible: applied to 
things. Bale. 

LOUT S, ld&t. n, s. [leute, Germ. ; leob, Sax.] A 
mean, awkward fellow ; a bumpkin ; a clown. Sid- 
ney. 

To LOUT, I65t. 312. v. n. [hlufcan, Sax.] To pay 
obeisance 3 to bend ; to bow 3 to stoop 3 to submit 
Gower. 

To LOUT, I6ut. v. a. To overpower. Mirror for 
Magistrates. 

LO'UTISH, lS&tMsh. a. Clownish; bumpkinly. 
Sidney. 

LO'UTlSHLY, tf&t'-lsh-le. ad. With the air of a 
clown; with the gait of a bumpkin. Huloet. 

LO UVER*, l&o'-vfir. n.s. [I'ouvert, Fr.] An opening 
for the smoke to go out at in the roof of a cottage. 
Written also lover and lower. Spenser. 

LO'VAGE, l&v'-vldje. n. s. A plant. 

To LOVES, l&v. 165. v. a. [krpian, Sax.] To regard 
with passionate affection. Cowley. To regard with 
the affection of a friend. Cowley. To regard with 
parental tenderness. St. John. To ho pleased 
with ; to delight in. Cowley. To regard with rev- 
erent unwillingness to offend. Dent. vi. 

To LOVE*, l&v. v, n. To delight ; to take pleasure. 
Bacon. 

LOVE, l&v. 165. n. s. The passion between the sexes. 
Spenser. Kindness; good-will; friendship. Shak. 
Courtship. Shak. Tenderness; parental care. 
Tillotson. Liking; inclination to. Fhiton. Object 
beloved. Spenser. Lewdness. Shak. Unreason- 
able liking. Bp. Taylor. Fondness ; concord. Shak. 
Principle of union. South. Picturesque represen- 
tation of love. Dryden. A word of endearment. 
Dryden. Due reverence to God. St. John. A 
kind of thin silk stuff. Boyle. 

LO'VEABLE*, lftv'-a-bl. a. Amiable ; worthy to be 
loved. Sherwood. 

LO / VEAPPLE, l&v'-ap-pl. 405. n. s. A plant. Tate. 

LO'VEDAY*, l&v'-da. n.s. A day, in old times, ap- 
pointed for the amicable settlement of differences. 
Clumcer. 

LOVEFA'VOUR*, l&v-fa'-v&r. n.s. Something giv- 
en to be worn in token of love. Bp. Hall. 

LOVE-z'n- Idleness*, n. s. A kind of violet. Shak. 

LO'VEKNOT, l&v'-n&t. n.s. [love and knot.] A 
complicated figure, by which affection interchang- 
ed is figured. 

LO / \ EL ASS, l&v'-las. n. s. Sweetheart ; lass belov- 
ed. Mirror for Magistrates. 

LOVELESS*, hV-l&>. a. Without love; void of the 
passion between the sexes. Slielton. Without en- 
dearment; without tenderness. Milton. Void of 
kindness. P. Fletcher. 

LO'VELETTER, l&v'-let-t&r. n. s. Letter of court- 
ship. Shakspeare. 



LQVE-lies-o-bleeding*. n. s. A kind of amaranth. 
LO'VELILY, hVle-le. ad. Amiably; in such a 

manner as to excite love. Otway. 
LO ' VELINESS,l&vMe-nes. n.s. Amiableness; qual 

ities of mind or body that excite love. Sidney. 
LO'VELOCK*, l&vM6k. n. s. [love and lock.] A 

term for a particular sort of curl, worn by the men 

of fashion in the reigns of Elizabeth and James the 

First. Lily. 
LOVELORN, hV-l6m. [See Forlorn.] a. [love 

and lorn.] Forsaken of one's love. Milton. 
LQ'VELY, l&v'-le. a. [luplic, Sax.] Amiable ; ex 

citing love. Sliakspeare. 
LQ'VELY*, l&v'-le. ad. Charmingly ; beautifully. 

Phillips. 
LO'VEMONGER, l&v'-m&ng-g&r. ji. s. One who 

deals in affairs of love. Sluucspeare. 
LO'VEUUICK*, luv'-kwik. a. [love and quick.] 

With the eagerness of love. Daniel. 
LO'VER, l&v'-ur. 98. n. s. One who is in love. Shak. 

A friend ; one who regards with kindness. Slutk. 

One who likes any thing. Burnet. 
LO'VER, locV-v&r. n. s. An opening. See Louver. 
LOVESE'CRET, luv'-se-kret. n. s. Secret between 

lovers. Dryden-. 
LO'VESHAFT*, hV-shaft. n. s. [love and shaft.] 

The arrow of Cupid. 
LO'VESICK, luv'-sik. a. Disordered with love ; lan- 

Suishing with amorous desire. Dryden. 
'VESOME, l&V-s&m. a. [luppume, Sax.] Love- 
ly. Dryden. 

LO'VES'ONG, l&v'-song. ». 5. Song expressing love. 
Sliakspeare. 

LO'VESUIT, Ifiv'-sute. n.s. Courtship. Shakspeare. 

LO'VETALE, l&v' -tale. ?i.s. Narrative of love. Mil- 
tan. 

LO'VETHOUGHT, l6v'-f/mwt. n. s. Amorous fan- 
cy. Shakspeare. 

LOVETO'KEN*. hV-t6-kn. n.s. [lupetacm, Sax.] 
A present in token of love. Sliakspeare. 

LOVETOY, l&v'-t&e. n. s. [love and toy.] Small 
presents given bv lovers. Arbuthnot. 

LOTETRiCK, fuv'-trlk. n. s. [love and trick.] Art 
of expressing love. Donne. 

LO'VING, Ifiv'-lng. part. a. Kind ; affectionate. 
Shak. Expressing kindness. Esth. xv. 

LO'VING-KINDKESS, lfiv'-mg-kylnd'-nes. n. s. 
Tenderness ; favour ; mercv. Psalm xxv. 

LOVINGLY, lfivMng-le. a<l. Affectionately; with 
kindness. Sidney. 

LOT1NGNESS javMng-nes. n.s. Kindness; affec- 
tion. Sidney. 

LOWS, 16. 324. a. [Ian, Dan. ; 16, lcel.] Not high. 
Milton. Not rising far upwards. Ezek. xvii. Not 
elevated in place or local situation. Shak. De- 
scending far downwards ; deep. Milton. Not deep; 
not swelling high ; shallow : used of water. Atter- 
bury. Not of high price: as, Corn is hw. Not 
loud ; not noisy. Waller. In latitudes near to the 
line. Abbot. Not rising to so great a sum as some 
other accumulation of particulars. Burnet. Late 
in time : as, the lower empire. Dejected; depress- 
ed. Dryden. Impotent ; subdued. Shak. Not el- 
evated in rank or station ; abject. Shak. Dishon- 
ourable; betokening meanness of mind. Milton. 
Not sublime ; not exalted in thought or diction. Ad- 
dison. Submissive; humble ; reverent. Milton. A 
term applied to certain members of the church, in 
contradistinction to high. See High. 

LOW, 16. ad. Not aloft ; not on high. Milton. Not 
at a high price ; meanly. Shale. Li times ap- 
proaching towards our own. Locke. With a de- 
pression of the voice. Addison. In a state of sub- 
jection. Spenser. 
LOWS*, 16. n.s. [lolie, Germ.] Flame; fire: heat. 

To LOW, 16. v. a. To sink ; to make low. Wicliffe. 

To LOW, 16&, or 16. v. n. [hlopan, Sax.] To bellow 
as a cow. Job, vi. 5. 

55° Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Buchanan, W. Johnston, 

and Mr. Barclay, [and Mr. Jones,] pronounce this word 

in the last manner ; but Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. 

Nares, and Mr. Perry, in the first : and that thi9 is the 

571 



LOX 



LUC 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met j— pine, pin j- 



true pronunciation there is little doubt ; not only as it 
is the more general sound of the diphthong, 3-23, but as 
it is more expressive of the thing signified. The other 
sound is, in my opinion, a novelty, and ought to be ex- 
ploded. Without laying much stress on Dryden's 
rhyme, it seems to confirm this opinion : 
" Fair lb grac'd his shield ; but lb now 
" With horns exalted stands, and seems to low." W. 

LO'WBELL. l6'-bel. n. s. [lohe, Germ.] A kind of 
fowling in the night, in which the birds are waken- 
ed by a bell, and lured by a flame into a net. The 
Experienced Foioler. 

To LO'WBELL* lo'-bel. v. a. To scare as with a 
lowbel!. Hammond. 

LOWE, the termination of local names, comes from 
the Saxon hleap, a hill, heap, or barrow. Gib- 
son. 

To LOWER, l6'-ur. 9B.v.a. To bring low ; to bring 
down by way of submission. Prior. To suffer to 
sink down. Woodward. To lessen ; to make less 
in price or value. Locke. 

To LO'WER, I<y-fir. v. n. To gr«w less ; to fall ; to 
sink. SJiakspeare. 

To LOWERS, lou'-ur. 323. v. n. itoeren, Dutch : or 
perhaps from the Sax. hleape,the face, and should 
be written lour.] To appear dark, stormy, and 
gloomy ; to be clouded." Shakspeare. To frown ; to 
pout; to look sullen. Sidney. 

$5= Whether this word comes from the Dutch loeren, to 
look askance, or from the English word lower, signify- 
ing to look low, as the sky seems to do when it is heavy 
and thick with clouds, (which is the much more proba- 
ble derivation,) it certainly cries aloud for a different 
spelling from lower, to make low. For the reasons, see 
the words Bowl and Form. W. 

LO'WER, lou'-fir. n. s. Cloudiness; gloominess. 

Cloudiness of look. Sidney. 
LO'WERINGLY, l6ur'-ing-le. ad. With cloudiness; 

gloomily. Sherwood. 
LO'WERMOST, l6'-ur-m6st. a. [from low, lower, 

and most.] Lowest. Bacon. 
LOWING*, Jou'-mg.orltV-ing. [See To Low.] n.s. 

The cry of black cattle. 1 Sain. xv. 
LO'WLAND, kV-land. n.s. The country that is low 

in respect of neighbouring hills ; the marsh. Dry- 
den. 
LO'WLIHOOD*, l6'-le-hud. n.s. Humble or low 

state. Chaucer. Oh. T. 
LO'WLILY, UV-le-le. ad. Humbly ; without pride. 

Meanly; without dignity. 
LO'WLINESS, kV-le-nes: n.s. Humility; freedom 

from pride. Atterhury. Meanness ; want of digni- 
ty ; abject depression. Dryden. 
LO'WLY, kV-le. a. Humble; meek; mild. Si. Matt. 

xi. Mean ; wanting dignity ; not great. Pope. 

Not lofty ; not sublime. Dryden. Not elevated in 

local situation ; low. Dryden. 
LO'WLY, l6'-le. ad. Not highly, meanly; without 

? grandeur ; without dignity. Shak. Humbly ; meek- 
y ; modestly. Milton. 

LOWN, lo6n. n.s. [loen, Dutch.] A scoundrel; a 
rascal; a heavy, stupid fellow. Shakspeare. See 
Loon. 

LOWND*, lound. a. [logn, Icel.] Calm and mild ; 
out of the wind ; under cover or shelter. 

LO'WNESS, fo'-nSs. n.s. Contrariety to height; 
small distance from the ground. Shak. Meanness 
of character or condition, whether mental or exter- 
nal. Sfuik. Want of rank; want of dignity. South. 
Want of sublimity ; contrary to loftiness of style or 
sentiment. Dryden. Submissiveness. Bacon. De- 

Sression ; dejection. Swift. 
WSPI'RITED, 16-spV-lt-ed. a. Dejected; de- 
pressed ; not lively ; not vivacious. Locke. 

ToLOWT* ( lS&t- 1 See LouT '- and To Lout, 
LOWTHO'UGHTED, hWiawt'-ed. a. Having the 
thoughts withheld from sublime or heavenly medi- 
tation ; mean of sentiment. Milton. 
LOXODROMICK, lok-s6-drom'-?k. n. s. [\o& and 
Sodixog.] The art of oblique sailing by the rhomb, 
which always makes an equal angle with every 
meridian : hence the table of rhombs, with the table 



of longitudes and latitudes, by which the sailor may 
find his course, is called loxodromick. Harris. 

LOYAL $, loe'-al. 88, 329. a. [Fr.] Obedient; true 
to the prince. Shak. Faithful in love ; true to a 
lady, or lover. Milton. 

LOYALIST, lSe'-al-llst. n.s. One who professes un- 
common adherence to his king. Howell. 

LOYALLY, Ide'-al-lc. ad. With fidelity ; with true 
adherence to a king; with fidelity to a lover. 
Pope. 

LOYALTY, loe'-al-te. n. s. [loiaultA, Fr.] Firm and 
faithful adherence to a prince. Shakspeare. Fidel- 
ity to a lady, or lover. 

LO^ZEL*. "SeeLosEL. 

LQ'ZENGES, ISz'-zenje. n. s. [losenge, Fr.] A 
rhomb. Wotton. A form of medicine, to be held 
in the mouth till melted. A cake of preserved 
fruit. A four-cornered figure, in heraldry, in 
which the arms of women are now usually painted. 
Chaucer. 

LQ ZENGED*, l&z'-zenjd a. Having the shape of a 
lozenge. Colgrave. 

LO'ZENGY<l&z'-zen-je. a. [In heraldry.] Having 
the field or charge covered with lozenges. 

LP. A^ contraction for lordship. 

LU, 166. n. s. A game at cards. See Loo. Pope. 

LU'BBARD, l&b'-burd. 88. n.s. A lazy, sturdy fel- 
low. 

LU'BBER^ lQb'-bur. 98. n.s. [the same asloobu, 
and lob.] A sturdy drone ; an idle, fat, bulky losel; 
a booby. Tusser. 

LU'BBERLY, l&b'-bur-le. a. Lazy and bulky. 
Shakspeare. 

LU'BBERLY, l5b'-bur-le. ad. Awkwardly; clumsi- 
ly. Dryden. 

To LU'BRICATE§, hV-bre-kate. v. a. [lubricus, 
Lat.] To make smooth or slippery; to smooth. 
Arhulhnot. 

LU'BRICATOR*, iu'-bre-ka-tur. n. s. That which 
lubricates. Burke. 

To LUBRFCITATE, lu-brls'-se-tate. v. a. To 
smooth ; to make slippery. 

LUBRI'CITY, lu-bris'-se-te. n.s. [lubricus, Lat.] 
Slipperiness ; smoothness of surface. Bullofcar. 
Aptness to glide over any part, or to facilitate 
motion. Ray. Uncertainty; instability. Wotton. 
Wantonness ; lewdness. Dryden. 

LU'BRICK, lu'-brfk. a. \lubricus, Lat.] Slippery ; 
smooth on the surface. Crashaw. Uncertain ; un- 
steady. Wotton. Wanton; lewd. Dryden. 

LU'BRICOUS, lu'-bre-kus. a. Slippery; smooth 
Woodward. Uncertain. Glanmlle. 

LUBRIFA'CTION, lu-bre-f ak'-shftn. n. s. [lubricus 
and/acio, Lat.] The act of lubricating or smooth- 
ing. Bacon. 

LUBRIFICA'TION, lu-bre-fe-ka'-shim. n. s. [lubri- 
cus and fio. Lat.] The act of smoothing. Ray. 

LUCE, liise. n. s. [htcius, Lat. ; a \vkos, Gr.] A pike 
full grown. Chaucer. 

LU'CENT, liV-sent.a. [lucens, Lat.] Shining ; bright; 
splendid. B. Jonson. 

LU'CERNE*, lu'-sern. n. s. [luzerne, Span.] A 
plant remarkable for quick growth, the hay of 
which is eminent for the fattening of cattle. Ld. 
Ch^terfeld. 

LU'CIDy, lu'-sld. a. [lucid?is, Lat.] Shining ; bright ; 
glittering. Milton. Pellucid; transparent. MiU.on 
Bright with the radiance of intellect ; not darkened 
with madness. Bacon. 

LUCI'DITY, lu-sld'-e-te. n. s. Splendour ; bright- 
ness. Diet. 

LU'CIDNESS*, lu'-sld-nes. n. s. Transparency : 
clearness. W. Mountague. 

LUCIFE'RIAN*. !u-se-fe'-re-an. a. [from Lucifer, 
a name of the devil.] Devilish. Davies. Demoting 
the persons called Luciferians. Bp. Barlow. 
Ob.T. 

LUCIFE'RIANS*, lu-se-fe'-re-anz. n. s. pi. Persons 
who adhered to the pernicious schism of Lucifer, 
bishop of Cagliari, in the fourth century. They 
believed the soul to be of a carnal nature, trans- 
mitted to children from their fathers ; and they de- 
572 



LUK 



LUN 



-n6, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, tub, boll ;— ffl ;— pound ;— thin, thjs. 



nied any place for repentance or reconciliation to 

such as fell. 
LUCl'FEROUS, lu-sif-fer-us. 518. a. [lucifer.LzL] 

Giving light ; affording means of discovery. Boyle. 
LUCIFEROUSLY*, lu-siP-fer-Qs-le. ad. So as to 

discover. Brown. 
LUC1F1CK, lu-sif-fik. 509. a. [lux and facio, Lat.] 

Making light ; producing light. Grew. 
LU'CIFORM*, lu'-se-form. a. [lucis, Lat. and 

form.] Having the nature of light. Bp. Berkeley. 
LUCK 9, 16k. n.s. [geluck, Dutch.] Chance; acci- 
dent; hap; casual event. Hudibras. Fortune, 

good or bad. Spenser. 
LUCKILY, luk'-ke-le. ad. Fortunately ; by good 

hap. Dnjden. 
LU'CKINESS, l&k'-ke-nes. n.s. Good fortune; good 

hap ; casual happiness. Locke. ^ 

LU'CKLESS, l&k'-les. a. Unfortunate; ulnappy. 

Spenser. 
LU'CKY, l&k'-ke. a. Fortunate ; happy by chance. 

Spe7iser. 
LU'CRATIVE, lu'-kra-tlv. a. [lucrativus, Lat.] 

Gainful ; profitable ; bringing monev. Bacon. 
LU'CRE §, lu'-kor. 416. n. s. [lucrum, Lat.] Gain ; 

profit ; pecuniary advantage. Shakspeare. 
To LUCRE*, lu'-kur. v. n. To have a desire of pe- 

cuniarv advantage. Anderson. Ob. T. 
LUCRIFEROUS, lu-krlP-fer-os. a. [lucrum and 

fero, Lat.] Gainful ; profitable. Boyle. 
LUCRI'FICK, lu-krlf-ffk. 509. a. Producing gain. 
LUCTA'TION, luk-ta'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; from luctor, 

Lat J Struggle ; effort ; contest. Faringdon. 
LU'CTUAL*, Tfik'-tshu-al. a. [luctus, Lat.] Lament- 
able. Sir G. Buck. Ob. T. 
To LU'CUBRATE §, lu'-ku-brate. 503. v. n. [htcu- 

bror, Lat.] To w^ch ; to study by candle-light. 

Cockeram. 
LUCUBRA'TION, li-ku-bra'-shun. 533. n s. [lucu- 

bratio, Lat.] Study by candle-light; nocturnal 

study ; any thing composed by night. Cleaveland. 
LUCUBRA'TORY, lu'-ku-bra-t&r-e. [See Domes- 
tick, 512.] a. [Lat.] Composed by candle-light. 

Pope. 
LU'CULENT, KV-ku-lent. 503. a. [lucukntus, Lat.] 

Clear ; transparent ; lucid. Thomson. Certain ; 

evident. Hooker. 
LUDICROUSS, lu'-de-kr&s. a. [ludicer, Lat.] Bur- 
lesque ; merry ; sportive ; exciting laughter. 

Broome. 
LU'DICROUSLY, lu'-de-kr&s-le. ad. Sportively ; 

in burlesque. Drummcnd. 
LU'DICROUSNESS, lu'-dl-kriVnes. n.s. Bur- 
lesque ; sportiveness. More. 
LUDIFICA'TION §, lu-de-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [ludiji- 

cor, Lat.] The act of mocking. Diet. 
LUDFFICATORY*,lu-dJf'-e-ka-tur-e. a. Mocking; 

making sport; trifling. Barrow. 
LUFF, l&f. n. s. [lofa, Goth.] The palm of the hand. 
To LUFF, I5f. v. n. [or loo/.] To keep close to the 

wind : sea term. Dnjden. 
To LUGS, lug. v.a. [lugga, Su. Goth.] To hale or 

drag; to pull with rugged violence. Shak. To 

pull or shake by the ears. Pegge. — To lug out. 

To draw a sword, ; n burlesque language. Dryden. 

To LUG, lug. v. n. To drag ; to come heavily. Dry- 



. A kind of small fish. Carew. The 
A land measure; a pole or perch. 



LUG, lag. r 
ear. More 
Spenser. 

LU'GGAGE, l&g'-gldje. 90. n. s. Any thing cum- 
brous and unwieldy that is to be carried away. 
Sliakspeare. 

LU'GSAIL*, l&g'-sale. n.s. A square sail hoisted oc- 
casionally on a yard which hangs nearly at right 
angles with a mast. Ash. 

LUGU BRIOUS, la-gu'-bre-us. a. [lugubris, Lat.] 
Mournful ; sorrowful. Hammond. 

LUKES*, ?,., S a - [plaec, Sax.] Not fully hot. 
luke. j p rompL Par \,, 



LEUKE*, 
LU'KENESS*, 

LE'UKENESS*, 
Vocab. 



luke'-nes. 



n. s. Moderate 
warmth. Ort. 



LU'KEWARM^lQke'-wdrm. a. [plaec-pajim, Sax.1 
Moderately or mildly warm. Bp. Fisher. Indif- 
ferent ; not ardent ; not zealous. Addison. 

LU KEWARMLY, luke'-warm-le. ad. With mod 
erate warmth. Sherwood. With indifference. 

LU'KEWARMNESS, luke'-warm-nes. n. s. Mod 
erate or pleasing heat. Indifference ; want of ar- 
dour, lung Charles. 

To LULLS, 151. i). a. [lula, Danish ; lallo, Lat.} To 
compose to sleep by a pleasing sound. Clumcer. 
To compose ; to quiet ; to put to rest. Milton. 

LULL*, lul. n. s. Power or quality of soothing 
Young. 

LULLABY, l&l'-la-bl. n.s. [from luU.] A song to 
still babes. Fairfax. 

LU'LLER*, luF-lQr. n. s. A dandier ; one who fon- 
dles children. Cotgrave. 

LUM*, l&m. n. s. [leom, Sax.] The chimney of a cot- 
tage. 

LUMBA'GO, l&m-ba'-go. n.s. [lumbi, Lat.] Pain 
about the loins, and small of the back, such as pre- 
cedes ague fits and fevers. Quincy. 

$5= This word is often pronounced with tbe Italian sound 
of a, as heard in father ; but this mode of pronouncing 
the accented a, in words from the Latin, has been long 
and justly exploded. TV. 

LU'MBAL*, l&m'-bal. ) a. [In anatomy.] Pertaining 

LU'MBAR*, Ifim'-bar. < to the loins. 

LU'MBERS, hW-bar. 98. n.s. [^eloma, Sax J Any 

thing useless or cumbersome ; any thing ofmore 

bulk than value. Otway. Harm ^mischief. Pegge. 

ToLtPMBER, hW-b&r. v.a. To heap like useless 
goods irregularly. Rymer. 

To LU'MBER, hW-bur. v. n. To move heavily, as 

burthened with his own bulk. Dryden. 
LU MBRICAL* lum'-bre-kal. a. [lumbricus. Lat.) 
[In anatomy.] Denoting muscles of the hands and 
feet, which, on account of their smallness and figure, 
have derived this name of resemblance to worms. 
LU'MINARY, liV-me-nar-re. n. s. [luminare, Lat.] 
Any body which gives light. Milton. Any thing 
which gives intelligence. Wotton. Any one that 
instructs mankind. Baitley. 
! To LU'MINATE^lu'-me-nate. v.a. [lumino, Lat.] 
i To give light to ; to illuminate. Cockeram. 

LUMlNA'TION, lu-me-na'-shSn. n. s. Emission of 
light. Diet. 

To LUMINE*, lu'-nun. v.a. To illuminate; to 
lighten intellectually. Spenser. 

LU'MINOUSS, lu/-me-nus. 503. a. [lumineux, Fr.J 
Shining; emitting light. Bacon. Enlightened. 
Milton. Shining; bright. Newton. 

LUMINOUSLY*, lu'-me-nas-le. ad. In a bright or 
shining manner. 

LU M1NOUSNESS*, hV-me-nfis-nes. n.s. Bright- 
ness ; emission of light. Spence. 

LUMPS, lump. n. s. [lombe, Teut.] A small mass of 
any matter. Bacon. A shapeless mass. SIwJc. 
Mass undistinguished. Shak. TheVhole together ; 
the gross. Addison. 

To LUMP. lump. v. a. To take in the gross, without 
attention to particulars. Ayliffe. 

LU'MPFISH, linnp'-flsh. n. s. A son cf fish y thick, 
and very ill-shaped ; called also the sucker, and the 
sea-owl. 

LU'MPING, lumping. 410. a. Large; heavy; 
great. Arbuthnot. 

LU'MPISH. lumpish, a. [lompsch, Teut.] Heavy; 
gross ; dull ; unaclive ; bulky. Spenser. 

LU'MPISHLY, lamp'l?sh-le. ad. With heaviness; 
with stupidity. Sherwood. 

LU'MPISHNESS, Ifimp'-Ssb-nes. n.s. Stupid heavi 
ness. Harmar. 

LU'MPY, lfimp'-e. a. Full of lumps; full of compact 
masses. Mortimer. 

LU'NACY §, lu'-na-se. n. s. [luna, Lat.] A kind of 
madness influenced by the moon; madness in gen- 
eral. Shakspeare. 

LU'NAR, la'-nar. 88. ) a. [lunaris, Lat.] Relating 

LU'NARY, luZ-nar-^. ) to the moon. Raleigh. Be- 
in? under the dominion of the moon. Bacon. Re- 
573 



LtTS 



LUT 



Q3 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, ink 3— pine, p?n j 



sembling* the moon; orbed like the moon. Dry- 
den. 
LU'NARY, ltV-nar-e. n. s. [lunaria, Lat.] Moon- 
wort. Drayton, 
LU'NATED, lfi'-na-ted.a. Formed like a half-moon. 

Brown. 
LU'NATICK, lo'-na-dk. 509. a. [lunatkus, Lat.] 
Mad} having the imagination influenced by the 
moon. Wichffe. 
LU'NATICK," lu'-na-t?k. n. s. A madman. Graunl. 
LUNA'TION, lfi-na'-shfin. n. s. [lunaison, Fr.] The 

revolution of the moon. Holder. 
LUNCH, Ifinsh. I n. s. [lonja, Span.] As 

LUNCHEON, lfin'-shfin. $ much 'food as one's 
hand can hold. Gay. A kind of meal between 
breakfast and dinner. 

LUNE, lane. n.s. [luna, Lat.] Any thing 1 in the 
shape of a ha!/ moon. Watts. Fit of lunacy 3 mad 
freak. SJtak. A leash : as, the lune of a hawk. 

LU'NET, lu'-n&. n. s. A little moon 3 an attendant 
upon a planet. Bp. Hall. 

L UNE' TTE, lii-neV. n. s. [Fr.] A small half moon. 
Trevoux. 

LU'NGEOUS*, lfin'-je-fis. a. Spiteful 3 malicious. 

LU'NGIS*, Ifin'-jk n.s. [longis, Fr.] A lubber 3 a 
dreaming - , drowsy fellow. Ob. T. 

LUNGS $, lfingz. n. s. [lun£en, Sax.] , The lights 3 
the part by which breath is inspired and expired. 
Sliak. Formerly, a cant term for a person 3 a large 
and strong-voiced man j and also a chymical ser- 
vant, a sort of under workman in the art. B. Jonson. 

LU'NGED, lfingd. 359. a. Having lungs 5 having 
the nature of lungs. Dry dm. 

LUNG-GROWN, lfing'-grone. a. Said of persons 
whose lungs grow last to the skin that lines the 
breast. Harvey. 

LU'NGWORT, lfing'-wftrt. n.s. [lun£en-pynt, 
Sax.] A plant. Miller. 

LUNISO'LAR, lu-ne-so'-lar. 83. a. [luna and solarii, 
Lat.] Compounded of the revolution of the sun and 
moon. 

LUNT, lfint. n.s. [lonte, Dutch.] The matchcord 
with which guns are fired. 

LU'PINE, liV-pln. 140. n. s. [lupinus, Lat.] A kind 
ofpulse. Miller. 

LUtlCH $, lfirtsh. n. s. To leave in tlie lurch. To 
leave in a forlorn or deserted condition. Denham. 

To LURCH, lfirtsh. v. n. [loeren, Dutch.] To shift; 
to play tricks. Shak. To lie in wait : we now 
rather use lurk. U Estrange. 

To LURCH, lfirtsh. y. a. [lurcor, LaL] To devour 3 
to swallow greedily. Bacon. To defeat; to dis- 
appoint. South. Tosteal privily; to filch; to pilfer. 

LURCHER, lfirtsh'-fii. 98. n. s. One that watches 
to steal ; or to betray or entrap. Lily. A dog that 
watches for his game. Toller, [lurco, Lat.] A 
glutton ; a gormandizer. Barret. 

LU'RDAN*, lfir'-dan. n. s. [lourdin, old Fr.] A 
clown; a blockhead; a lazy person. Florio. 

LU'RDAN*, lfir'-dan. > a. Blockish; stupid; lazy; 

LU'RDY*, lfir'-de. \ slugg^n. Colgrave. 

LURE §, lure. n. s. [leurre, Fr.] Something held out 
to call a hawk. Sfialc. Any enticement 3 any 
thing that promises advantage. Milton. 

To LURE, lore. v.n. To call hawks. Bacon. 

To LURE, lure. v. a. To bring hawks to the lure. 
Chaucer. To attract j to entice ; to draw. Bp. 
Taylor. 

LU'RID, lfi'-rld. a. [luridus, Lat.] Gloomy 5 dismal. 
Thomson. 

To LURK§, lark. v.n. [hirer, Danish.] To lie in 
wait ; to lie hidden ; to lie close. Spenser. 

LU'RKER, lfirk'-fir. 98. n.s. A loiterer 5 a thief 
that lies in wait. Bp. Hall. 

LU'RKING-PLACE, lfirk'-ing-plase. n. s. Hiding- 
place ; secret place. 1 Sam. xxiii. 

LUSCIOUS $, lfish'-fis. 357. a. [from the old word 
lush.] Sweet, so as to nauseate. Burnet. Sweet 
in a great degree. Sha/c. Pleasing 3 delightful. 
South. 

LU'SCIOUSLY, lfish'-fis-le. ad. Sweetly to a great 
degree. Shenvood. 



LU'SCIOUSNESS, lfish'-fis-nes. «. s. Immoderate 

sweetness. Mortimer. 
LU'SERN, la'-sern. n.s. A lynx. 
LUSH, lfish. a. Juicy 3 full; succulent; rank. Gold- 

ing. 
LUSK §, lfisk. a. [lasche, Fr.] Idle ; lazy ; worthless. 

Diet. 
LUSK* lfisk. n. s. A lubber ; a sot 3 a lazy fellow. 

Bale. 
To LUSK*, lfisk. v.n. To be idle 5 to lie idle, on 

employed. Warner. 
LU'SKISH, lfisk'-lsh. a. Somewhat inclinable to la- 
ziness or indolence. Marston. 
LU'SKISHLY, lfisk'-?sh-le. ad. Lazily 5 indolently 
LU'SKISHNESS, lfiskMsh-ngs. n. s. A disposition 

to laziness. Spenser. 
LUSCIOUS, la-so'-re-fis. a. [lusoHus, Lat.] Used 

in play 3 sportive. Burton. 
LU'SORY, lu'-sfir-e. [For the 0, see Domestjcx.] 

a. Used in play. Bp. Taylor. 
LUST §, Ifist. n. s. [lurfc, Sax.] Desire ; inclination 3 
will. Exod. xv. Carnal desire. Shak. Any vio- 
lent or irregular desire. Psal. Vigour 3 active 
power. Bacon. 
To LUST, lfist. v. n. To desire carnally. Greene. 
To desire vehemently. Sidney. To list 3 to like. 
Psalm lxxiii. To have irregular dispositions 
Numbers. 
LU'STFUL, lfist'-ffil. a. Libidinous 3 having irreg- 
ular desires. Spenser. Provoking to sensuality; 
inciting to lust. Milton. Vigorous. Sackville. 
LUSTFULLY, Ifisl'-ful-e. ad. With sensual concu- 
piscence. 
LU'STFULNESS, lfist'-ffil-nes. n. s. [lurfcpulne r , 

Sax.] Libidinousness. Sherwood. 
LU'STIHEAD, lfis'-te-heU ) f s. Vigour; spright- 
LU'STIHOOD, lfis'-te-hfid. 5 liness; corporal abil- 
ity. Spenser. 
LU'STILY, Ifis'-te-le. ad. Stoutly 5 with vigour 

with mettle. Fox. 
LU'STINESS, Ifis'-te-nes. n. s. Stoutness 3 sturdi- 

ness ; strength ; vigour of body. Spenser. 
LU'STLESS, Ifist'-lgs. a. Not vigorous 

Gower. 
LU'STRAL, lfis'-tral. a. [lustralis, Lat.] Used in 

purification. Garth. 
To LU'STRATE §*,lfis'-trate. v. a. [Ivstro, Lat.] To 

purify. Ld. Herbert. 
LUSTRA'TION, Ifis-tra'-shfin. n. s. Purification by 

water. Sandys. 
LU'STRE §, lfis'-tfir. 416. n. s. [lustre, Fr.] Bright- 
ness ; splendour; glitter. Sliak. A sconce with 
lights. Pope. Eminence; renown. Wotton, [lus- 
trum, Lat.] The space of five years. Bolinghroke. 
LU'STRING, lfis'-strfng. [lfite'-strlng, Sheridan.] 
71. s. A shining silk; commonly pronounced lute 
string. See Lutestring. 
LU'STROUS, Ifls'-trfis. a. Bright; shining 3 lu- 
minous. Bacon. 
LUSTRUM*, lfis'-trfim. n.s. [Lat.] A space of 
five years 3 properly, the completion of fifly months 
Gregory. 
LU'STWORT, lfist'- wfirt. n.s. An herb. 
LU'STY, lfis'-te. a. [lusligh, Teut.] Stout; vigor- 
ous ; healthy ; able of body. Psalms. Beautiful , 
handsome. Gower. Pleasant; delightful. Spenser. 
Saucy ; sturdy. Shakspeare. 
LU'TANIST, hV-tan-lst. n.s. [from lute.] One who 

plays upon the lute. Taller. 
LUTA'RIOUS, lfi-ta'-re-fis. a. [lutarius, Lat.] Liv- 
ing in mud. Of the colour of mud. Grew. 
LUTA'TION*, la-tV-shfin. n. s. [lutatus, Lat.] The 
method of cementing chymical vessels close to- 
gether. 
LUTE $, lite. n. s. [luth, lut, Fr.] A stringed instru- 
ment of musick. Sliak. [lutum, Lat.] A composi- 
tion like clay, with which chymists close up their 
vessels. Garth. 
To LUTE, late. v. a. To close with lute, or chym- 

ist's clay. 
LU'TER* lu'-tfir. )n. s. A player on the lute. 
LU'TIST*, lfi'-tlst. $ Hakewill. 
574 



rigorous ; weak. 



LUX 



LFR 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tab, bull ;— oil ; — pound ;— th\n, THis. 



LUTESTRING*, lute'-strlng. n. s. The string of a 
lute. Sherwood. A kind ot silk. Goldsmith. 

53T This corruption of lutestring for lustring seems be- 
yond recovery, and must be ranked with asparagus, 
cucumber, &c, which see. W. 

LUTHERAN* lu'-^r-an. ». s. One who adheres 
to the doctrine and discipline of Luther. Shak. 

LUTHERAN* lA'-tAer-an. a. Denoting the doctrine 
or followers of Luther. Burnet. 

LUTHERANISM*, liV-tfier-an-ism. ) n.s. Thedoc- 

LUTHERISM*. liV-^er-ism. \ trine of Lu- 

ther. Guthrie. 

LUTHERN* lu'-tfiern. ». s. [lucerna, Lat.] An 
architectural term for a sort of window over the 
cornice, in the roof of a building. 

LU'TULENT,lu'-ti5hn-lent.461,503. a. [lutuleidus, 
Lat.] Muddyj turbid. 

7\>LUX$,laks. !«■ a. [luxo, Lat.] To 

To LIPXATE SJuks'-ate. S P"t out of joint ; to 
disjoint. Wiseman. 

LUXATION, luks-a'-shun. n. s. The act of dis- 
jointing. Bp. Hall. Any thing disjointed. Bp. Hall. 

LVXE, lflks. n. s. [Fr. ; luxus, Lat.] Luxury; vo- 
luptuousness. Prior. Ob. J. 

LUXURIANCE, log-zo'-re-anse. ? 479. n. s. Ex- 

LUXURIANCY, lng-zu'-re-an-se. \ uberance ; 
abundant or wanton plentv or growth. Wiseman. 

LUXURIANT §, lag-zu'-re-ant. 479. a. [luxurious, 
Lat.] Exuberant ; superfluously plenteous. Bacon. 

LUXURIANTLY*, lug-zu'-re-ant-le. ad. Abun- 
dantly. Warton. 

To LUXURIATE, log-zu'-re-ate. v. n. [luxurior, 
Lat.] To grow exuberantly ; to shoot with super- 
fluous plenty. Burton. 

LUXURIOUS, lfig-zu'-re-us. a. Delighting in (he 

Sleasures of the table. Administering to luxury. 
filion. Lustful; libidinous. Shak. Voluptuous; 
enslaved to pleasure. Milton. Softening by pleas- 
ure. Dryden. Luxuriant; exuberant. Milton. 

LUXURIOUSLY, lflg-zu'-re-us-le. ad. Delirious- 
ly ; voluptuously. Shakspeare. 

LUXU / R10USNESS*,l&g-za'-re-fis-nes. n. s. Vo- 
luptuousness: lewdness. SJierwood. Marsion. 

LU'XURY §, lQk'-shu-re. n. s. [luxuria, Lat.] Volup- 
tuousness ; addictedness to pleasure. Milton. Lust; 
lewdness. Shak. Luxuriance ; exuberance. Bacon. 
Delicious fare. Addison. 

55= For an investigation of the true pronunciation of this 
and the preceding words, see Principles, No. 479. W. 



LY. When ly terminates the name of a place, it is 
derived from lea£, Saxon, a field. Gibson. When 
it ends an adjective or adverb, it is contracted from 
lich, like: as, beastly, beastlike; plainly, plain- 
like. 

LY'AM*, ll'-am. n. s. [See Limkhound.] A kind 
of thong or leash for holding a hound in hand, 
Drayton. 

LYCA NTHROPY, ll-kan'-tfiro-pe. n. s. [Xukoj and 
avOpurrroi.] A kind of madness in which men have 
the qualities of wild beasts. Bp. Hall. 

LY D1AN*, lid'-e-an. a. A species of the ancient 
musick ; a soft and slow kind of air. Milton. 

To LYE*. See To Lie. 

LY'ING, ll'-fng. 410. participial noun from lie. 

LYINGLY*, ll'-ing-le. ad. Falsely; without truth, 
SJierwood. 

LYKE. a. for like. Spenser. 

LYM*, flm. n. s. [See Limehound.] A bloodhound 
Shakspeare. 

LYMPH $, limf. n. s. [lympha, Lat.] Water; trans- 
parent, colourless liquor. Arbuthnot. 

LY'MPHATED, lW-fa-ted. a. [lymphatus, Lat.] 
Mad. Diet. 

LYMPHATICK, lim-fat'-ik. 509. n. s. The lymphat- 
icks are slender, pellucid tubes, carried into the 
glands of the mesentery, receiving first a fine, thia 
lymph from the lymphatick ducts, which dilutes the 
chylous fluid. Cheyne. [hjmphaticus, Lat.] A lu- 
natick. 

LYMPHATICK* tfm-fat'-lk. a. Denoting the 
vessels called lymphaticks. Ellis. Mad ; raving ; 
extravagant ; enthusiastick. Ld. Sliaftesbury. 

LY'MPHEDUCT, lW-fe-d&kt. n. s. [lympha and 
ductus, Lat.] A vessel which conveys the lymph. 
Blackmore. 

LY'NDEN Tree. A plant. 

LYNX, llngks. 408. n. s. [Lat.] A spotted beast, 
remarkable for speed and sharp sight. Locke. 

LYRE§, lire. n. s. [lyra, Lat.] A harp; a musical 
instrument to which poetry is supposed to be sung. 
Milion. 

LY'RICAL, lV-re-kal. )a. [lyricus, Lat.] Pertain- 

LY'RICK, llr'-rlk. \ ing to a harp, or to odes 
or poetry sung to a harp ; singing to a narp. Milton. 

LY'RICK, hV-rlk. n. s. A poet who writes songs to 
the harp. Addison. 

LY'RIST, ll'-rist. 544. n. s. [lyristes, Lat.] A mu- 
sician who plays upon the harp. Pope. 



MAC 



MAC 



MHas, in English, one unvaried sound, by com- 
pression ofthe lips ; as, mine, lame, camp ; it 
is never mute. 407. 

M*. A numeral letter signifying one thousand. 

MAB §*, mab. n.s. The queen of the fairies, in the 
superstitious mythology of elder days; probably 
derived from the Welsh mab, anciently signifying 
a little child. Shakspeare. A slattern. Ray. 

To MAB*, mab. v. n. To dress carelessly. Ray. 

To MA BBLE*, mab'-bl. v. n. To wrap up. See 
To Moble. Sandys. 

MAC ARC iV7*, mak-a-ri'-ne. n.s. [maccaroni, Ital.l 
A kind of paste meat boiled in broth, and dressed 
with butter, cheese, and spice. B. Jonson. A sort 
of droll or fool ; and thence the application of the 
word to a fop. Addison. 

MACARO'NICK*, mak-a-ron'-ik. n.s. A con- 
fused heap or mixture of several things. Cot- 
rave. 

lCAROWICK*, mak-a-r&n'-Ik. a. A kind of bur- 
lesque poetry, intermixing several languages, Lat- 
inizing words of vulgar use, and modernizing Lat- 
in words. Warton. 

MACARO'ON, mak-a-roon'. n. s. [maccaroni, Ital.l 
A pert, meddline fellow; a busy body. Donne. A 
kind of sweet biscuit, made of flour, almonds, 
eggs, and sugar. 



gro 
MAC 



MACA'W, ma-kaw 7 . n. s. A large species of parrot 
Chambers. 

MACAW -TREE, mi-kaw'-tree. n. s. A species of 
the palm-tree. Miller. 

MACE §, mase. n. s. [ma£5a, Sax. ; maca, Span J 
An ensign of authority borne before magistrates. 
Spenser, [mace, old Fr. ; massa, Lat.] A heavy, 
blunt weapon; a club of metal. Chaucer, [maris t 
LatJ A kind of spice. Hill. 

MACEA'LE, mase'-ale. n. s. Ale spiced with mace. 
Wiseman. 

MA CEBEARER, mase'-bare-fir. n. s. One who 
carries the mace before persons in authority. Sped. 

To MA'CERATE$, mas'-ser-ate. v. a. [macero, 
Lat.] To make lean j to wear away. Harrey. To 
mortify; to harass with corporal hardships. Spen- 
ser. To steep almost to solution. Smitli. 

MACERATION, mas-ser-a'-shan. n. s. [Fr.] The 
act of wasting, or making lean. Cockeram. Mor- 
tification; corporal hardship. Bacon. Infusion, 
either with or without heat, where the ingredients 
are intended lobe almost wholly dissolved. Quincy. 

MACE-REED, mase'-reed. n. s. An herb. 

MACHIAVE'LIAN*, mak-e-a-vel'-yan. n. s. [from 
Nicholas Machiavel, a Florentine of the fifteenth 
century.] A follower ofthe opinions of Machiavel. 
Sir M. Sandys. 

575 



MAD 



MAG 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall., fat;— me, mSt ;— pine, pin ;— 



MACHIAVE'LIAN*. mak-e-a-vel'-yan. a. Denoting 
the notions of Machtav el; crafty; subtle; roguish. 
Bp. Morton. 

MA'CHIAVELISM*, mak'-e-a-v&-izm. n.s. The 
notions of Machiavel ; cunning; roguery. Cotgrave. 

MA'CHINAL, mak'-ke-nal. 353. a. [machina, Lat.] 
Relating to machines. Diet. 

ToMA'CHlNATES, mak'-ke-uate. u. a. [machinor, 
Lat.] To plan ; to contrive. Sandys. 

MACHINA'TIOIN, mak-ke-na'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
Artifice; contrivance; malicious scheme. Sliak. 

MA'CHINATOR*, mak'-ke-na-tur. n.s. [Eat.] One 
who plots or forms schemes. Glanville. 

MACHTNE§, ma-sheen'. 112. n. s. [machina, Lat.; 
machine, Fr.] Any complicated work in which one 
part contributes to the motion of another. B. Jon- 
son. An engine. Dryden. Supernatural agency 
in poems. Addison. One name for a stage coach. 

MACHI'NERY, ma-sheen'-er-e. 112. n.s. Enginery; 
complicated workmanship. T. Warton. The ma- 
chinery signifies that part which the deities, angels, 
or deinons> act in a poem, J. Warton. 

MACHI'NING*, ma-sheen'-fng. a. Denoting the 
machinery of a poem. Dryden. 

MA'CHINIST, ma-sheen'-?st. n. s. [machiniste, Fr.] 
A constructer of engines or machines. Steevens. 

OUr" Some minor criticks, of the lowest form, pronounce 
the first syllable of this word, as in machinal, machina- 
tion, &c, with the first syllable as if spelled mack ; but 
this arises from an ignorance of their respective ety- 
mologies: the former words are derived from the Latin, 
and machinist is a formation of our own from the 
French word machine. W. 

MA'CILENCY, mas'-se-len-se. n. s. Leanness. Diet. 
MA'CILENT$, mas'-se-lent. a. [macilentus, Lat.] 

Lean. 
MA CKEREL, mak'-kgr-il. n. s. [mackereel, Dutch.] 
A sea-fish. Carew. [maquerel, old Fr.] A pander ; 
a pimp. • 
MA'CKEREL Gale, mak'-ke>il-gale. A strong 

breeze. Dryden. 
MA'CKEREL Sky*, mak'-keY-ll-skel A sky streak- 
ed or marked like a mackerel. Hooke. 
MA'CROCOSM, ma'-kro-kozm. n.s. [uaicpds and 
/coa/ios.] The whole world, or visible system, in op- 
position to the microcosm, or world of man. Wat- 
son. 
MACRO'LOGY*, ma-kroF-6-je. n. s. [paKpbs and 
\6yos.] Long and tedious talk without matter. 
Bullokar 
MACTA'TION, mak-ta'-shun. n. s. [mactat:us, Lat.] 

The act of killing for sacrifice. Shuckford. 
MA'C ULA, mak'-ku-la. n. s. [Lat.] A spot. Burnet. 
[In physick.] Any spots upon the skin, whether 
those iu fevers or scorbutick habits. 
To MA'CULATE, mak'-kii-late. v. a. [macido, Lat.] 

To stain ; to spot. Sir T. Elyot. 
MA'CULATE*, mak'-ku-late. a. Spotted; stained. 

Shakspeare. 
MACULA'TION, mak-ku-la'-shun. n. s. Stain ; spot; 

taint. Shakspeare. 
MA'CULE, mak'-ule. n. s. A spot; a stain. 
MAD §, mad. a. [mod, Goth. ; mobian, Sax.] Disor- 
dered in the mind ; broken in the understanding ; 
distracted. Shak. Expressing disorder of mind. 
Milton. Overrun with any violent or unreasona- 
ble desire. Jer. 1. Enraged ; furious. Psalm cii. 
'.To MAD, mad. v. a. To make mad ; to make furi- 
ous ; to enrage. Sidney. 
To MAD, mad. v. n. To be mad; to be furious. 

Wicliffe. To be wild. Spenser*. 
MAD, mad. )n. s. [mafta, Sax.] An earth- 
MADE*, made. ) worm. Ray. 
MA'DAM, mad'-om. 88. n. s. [ma dame, Fr.] The 
term of compliment used in address to ladies of 
every degree. Spenser. 
M A'DBR AIN , mad'-brane. ) a. [mad and brain.'] 
MA'DBRAINED, mad'-bran'd. $ Disordered in the 

mind ; hot-headed. Shakspeare. 
MA'DCAP, mad'-kap. n. 5. A madman ; a wild, hot- 
brained fellow. Shakspeare. 



To MA'DDEN, mad'-d'n. 103. v.n. To become mad j 
to act as mad. Pope. 

To MA'DDEN, mad'-d'n. v. a. To make mad. Thom- 
son. 

MADDER, mad'-dfir. 98. n. s. [mabbejie, Sax.] 
A plant. Miller. 

MADE, made. 75. Participle preterit of make. 

MADEFA'CTION,mad-de-iak'-shuu. n.s. The act 
of making wet. Bacon. 

To MA'DEFY$, mad'-de-fl. v. a. [madejio, Lat.] To 
moisten ; to make wet. 

MADEI'RA Wine*, ma-da'-ra-wlne. A rich wine 
made at the island of Madeira. Sliakspeare. 

MADEMOISELLE*, mad-em-wa-zell'. n. s. [ma- 
damoiselle, Fr.] Amiss; a young girl. Milton. 

MADGEHO'WLET, madje-h6u'-let. n. s. [machette, 
Fr.] An owl. 

MADHE'ADED*, mad-hgd'-gd. a. Hotheaded ; full 
of fancies. Shakspeare. 

MA'DHOUSE, mad'-hduse. n. s. A house where 
madmen are cured or confined. L' Estrange. 

MA'DID*, ma'-did. a. [madidus, Lat.] Wet ; moist ; 
dropping. Bailey. Ob. T. 

MA'DLY, mad'-le. ad. Without understanding ; fu- 
riously. 'Dryden. Wildly ; in disorder. Collins 

MA'DMAN, mad'-man. 88. n. s. A man deprived 
of his understanding. 2 Esdr. xvi. 

MA'DNESS, mad'-nes. n.s. Distraction ; loss of un- 
derstanding; perturbation of the faculties. Shak. 
Fury; wildness; rage. K. Charles. 

MADO'NA*, ma-d6'-na. ^ n. s. [mia ma donna, 

MADO'NN A*, ma-dbn'-nL\ Ital.] A name given 
to pictures of the Virgin Mary. Rymer. Term vf 
compliment, like madam. Shakspeare. 

MADRI'ER, mad-reer'. n. s. [Fr.] A thick plank 
armed with iron plates, having a cavity sufficient 
to receive the mouth of the petard when charged, 
with which it is applied against any thing intended 
to be broken down. Bailey. A long plank of broad 
wood used for supporting the earth in mining, car- 
rying on saps, and the like. Chambers. 

MA'DRIGAL, mad'-dre-gal. n. s. [Span, and Fr.] 
A pastoral song; any light, airy, short song. Shak 

MA'DWORT, mad'-wurt. n. s. An herb. 

M./ERE, meer. ad. It is derived from the Saxon 
meji, famous, great, noted : so JElmere is all fa 
mous ; JElJiclmere, famous for nobility. Gibson. 

MAESTOSO*, ma-es-t6'-z6. [Ital.] A musical 
term, directing the part to be played with gran- 
deur, and consequently slow, but yet with strength 
and firmness. 

To MA'FFLE §, maf'-fl. v. n. [maffelen, Teut.] To 
stammer. Barret. 

MA'FFLER, maf'-fl-fir. n. s. A stammerer. Ains- 
worth. 

MAGAZ1'NE§, mug-ga-zeen'. 112. ji.s. [magazin, 
Fr.] A store-house ; commonly an arsenal or ar 
mory, or repository for provisions. Raleigh. For 
many years this word has signified a miscellaneous 
pamphlet, from a periodical miscellany called the 
Gentleman' 's Magazine, published under the name 
of Sylvanus Urban, which still continues to enjoy 
the favour of the world. Goldsmith 

MAGAZI'NER*, mag-ga-ze'-nur. n. o. One who 
writes for a magazine. Goldsmith. 

MAGE, maje. n. s. [magus, Lat. ; mage, Fr.] A ma- 

fician. S^penser. 
'GGOT§, mag'-gfit. 166. n.s. LmaSa, Sax.] A 

small grub, which turns into a fly. Ray. Whimsy ; 

caprice ; odd fancy. Sliakspeare. 
MA'GGOTTINESS, mag'-g&t-te-n&s. n. s. The 

state of abounding with maggots. 
MA'GGOTTY, mag'-gut-te. a. Full of maggots. 

Capricious ; whimsical. Norris. 
MA'GGOTTYHEADED*, mag'-g6t-te-hed-ed. a. 

Having a head full of fancies. Life of A". Wood. 
MA'GI*, ma'-il. n.s. pi [Lat.] Wise men of the 

East. Fotherby. 
MA'GI AN*, ma'-je-an. a. Denoting the magi of the 

East. Peters. 
MA'GICAL, mad'-je-kal. a. hnagicus, Lat.] Acting, 

6r performing by secret and invisible powers. Shak. 
576 



_— 



_M 



MAG 



MAI 



-116, move, nor, not ;— lube, uih, bull ;— 6ll ;— pound ;— tmn, THis. 



Applied to persons using enchantment. Sir T. 

MA'GICALLY. mad -je-kal-e. <uf. According to the 
riles of magiek ; by enchantment. Camden. 

MAGI'ClAN.nia-jish-an. 88. n. g. [magkien, Fr.] 
One skilled in magiek; an enchanter; a necroman- 
cer. Locke. 

MA GICK$, mad'-jik. 544. n. s. [nutria, Lat.] The 
art of putting in action the ixnver of spirits ; sorce- 
ry ; enchantment. Shak. 1 lie secret operations of 
natural powers. Bacon. 

MA'GICK, mad'-jlk. a. Acting or doing by powers 
superiour to the known power of nature 3 enchant- 
ed ; necromantick. Slittk. Done or produced by 
magiek. Milton. 

MAGISTERIAL^, mad-jis-te'-re-al. a. [maguter, 
Lat.] Such as suits a master. K. Charles. Lofty ; 
arrogant ; proud ; insolent ; despotick. Brown. 
Chymically prepared, after the maimer of a magis- 
terv. Grew. 

MAGISTERIALLY, mad-jts-te'-re-al-e. ad. Arro- 

fantlv;with an air of authority. Bacon. 
GISTERIALNESS, mad-jis-te'-re-al-nes. n. s. 
Haughtiness ; airs of a master. Nelson. 

MA'GtSTERY, mad'-jfs-ter-e. n. s. [magisterium, 
Lat.] A term made use of by chymists to signify 
sometimes a very line powder, made by solution 
and precipitation; but the most genuine accepta- 
tion is to express that preparation of any body 
wherein the whole, or most part, is, by the addition 
of somewhat, changed into a body of quite another 
kind; as when iron or copper is turned into crys- 
tals of Mars or Venus. Quincij. 

MA'GISTRACY, mad'-j'is-tra-se. n. s. [magistrates, 
Lat.] Office or dignity of a magistrate. B. Jon- 
son. 

MA'GISTRAL*, mad'-jJs-tril. a. Authoritative ; 
suiting a magistrate or master ; magisterial. 
Transl. of Boccalini. Masterly ; artificial ; skilful ; 
cunning. B. Jonson. 

MA'GISTRAL*, mad'-jis-tral. n. s. A sovereign 
medicine; an artificial preparation. Burton. 

MAGISTRA'LITY*, mad-jis-tral'-e-te. n. s. Des- 
potick authority in opinions. Bacon. 

MA GISTRALLY, mad'-jfs-tral-le. ad. Despotical- 
ly; authoritatively; magisterially. Bp. Bramhall. 

MAGISTRATES, mad'-jls-trate. 91. n. s. [magis- 
trate, Lat.] A man publickly invested with author- 
ity ; a governour. Shakspeare. 

MAGISTRA TICK*, mad-jis-tral'-ik. a. Having the 
authority of a magistrate. Bp. Taylor. 

MAGNA CHAR TA*, mag'-na-kar'-ta. n. s. [Lat.] 
The great charter of liberties granted to the people 
of England in the ninth year of Henry the Third, 
and confirmed bv Edward the First. Addison. 

MAGNA LITY, mag-nal'-e-te. n.s. [magimlia, Lat.] 
A great thing; something above the common rate. 
Brown. Ob. J. 

MAGNANFMITY, mag-na-nlm'-e-te. n. s. Great- 
ness of mind ; bravery ; elevation of soul. Spenser. 

MAGNA NDIOUS§, mag-nan'-e-mus. a. [magnan- 
imus, Lat.] Great of mind; elevated in sentiment ; 
brave. Milton. 

MAGNANIMOUSLY, mag-nan'-e-mus-le. ad. 
Bravely; with greatness of mind. Milton. 

MA'GNES*. See Magnet. 

MAtrNE'SIA*, mag-ne'-zhe-a. n.s. [magnesie, Fr.] 
A white alkaline earth, used in medicine, gently 
purgative. 

MA'GNET§, mag'-net. n.s. [magnes, Lat.] The 
loadstone ; the stone that attracts iron. Dryden. 

MAGNE'TICAL, mag-net'-e-kal. )a. Relating to 

MAGNE'TICK, mag-nel'-tfk. 509: \ the magnet. 

Blackmore. Having powers correspondent to those 

of the magnet. Newton. Attractive ; naving the 

power to draw things distant. Bacon. 

MAGNETIC ALLY*, mag-net'-e-kal-le. ad. By the 

power of attraction. Burton. 
MAGNE'TICALNESS*, mag-net'-e-kal-nes. ) 
MAGNE'TICKNESS*, mag-net'-ik-nes. \ n ' s - 
Quality of being magnetick, or attractive. Water- 
house. 

73 



MA'GNETISM, mag'-net-izm. n. s. [Fr.] The ten 

dency of the iron towards the magnet, and the 

power of the magnet to produce that tendency. 

Reid. Power of attraction. Glanville. 
MA GMFIABLE, miig'-ne-fi-a-bl. 183. a. Worthy 

to be extolled or praised. Brown. 
MAGNFFICAL, mag-nif^fe-kal. )a. [magnificus 
MAGNPFICK ; mag-nlf'-fik.509. ] Lat ] Ulustri 

ous ; grand. Fulke. 
To MAGNFFICATE*, mag-nlf'-e-kate. v.'a. To 

praise extremely; to commend highly. Marston 

Ob. T. 
MAGNPFICENCES, mag-nif-fe-sense. n.s. [mag 

nifcentia, Lat.] Grandeur of appearance; splen 

dour. Milton. 
MAGNIFICENT, mag-nlf-fe-sent. a. Grand in ap 

pearance; splendid; pompous. Milton. Fond of 

splendour; setting greatness to show. Sidney. 
MAGNFF1CENTLY, mag-iilf'-ie-sent-le. ad. Pom 

pously ; splendidly. Dryden. 
MAGNIFICO, mag-n'ti'-fe-kA. n.s, [Ital.] A gran- 
dee of Venice. Shakspeare. 
MAGNIFIER,, mag'-ne-fl-fir. 98. n. s. One that in- 
creases or enlarges. Burton. One that praises ; 

an encomiast ; an extoller. StaJ'ord. A glass that 

increases the bulk of any object! Shensione. 
To MA'GNIFY$, mag'-ne-fl. 183. v. a. [magnifico, 

Lat.] To praise greatly ; to extol highly. St. Luke 

To make great ; to exaggerate ; to amplify. Baccn. 

To exalt ; to elevate ; to raise in estimation. 2 

Chron. To raise in pride or pretension. Dan. xi. 

To increase the bulk of any object to the eye. 

Locke. A. cant word for to have eject. Spectator. 
MAGNFLOQUENCE*, mag-nlF-6-kwense. n. s. 

[magniloquentia, Lat.] A lofty manner of speaking; 

boasting. Bentley. 
MAGNITUDE, mag'-ne-tude. n. s. [magnitudo, 

Lat.] Greatness ; grandeur. Milton. Comparative 

bulk. Raleigh. 
MAGNO'LIA*, mag-n6Me-a. n.s. An exotick plant; 

the laurel-leaved tulip tree. Miller. 
MA'GOT-PIE*. See Magpie. 
MA'GPIE, mag 7 -pi. n. s. [from pie and mag, to chat-' 

ter.] A bird sometimes taught to talk. Peacham. 
MA'GYDARE, madje'-e-dare. n. s. [magudaris, 

Lat.] An herb. Ainsicorih. 
MAHO'GANY*, ma-heg'-a-ne. n. s. A reddish wood 

brought from some of the West India islands, and 

the continent on the south of the Gulf of Mexico. 

In French, Buis d' Acajou. Gidhrie. 
MAHO'MEDAN*, ma-h&m'-e-dan. ) n. s. A Mus- 
MAHO'METAN*, ma-hom'-e-tan. ( sulman ; a 
MAHO'METIST*, ma-hom'-e-tlst. ( professor of 
MAHOMETAN*, ma-hum'-e-tan. ) the religiou 

of Mahomet. Fulke. 
MAHO'METAN*, ma-hom'-e-tan. a. Denoting the 

followers of the religion of Mahomet. Prideaux. 
MAHO'METANISM* ma-hom'-e-tan-Szm. 
MAHO'METISM* ma-hom'-e-tlzm. 
MAHO'METRY* ma-hom'-e-tre. 
MA HU'METISM*, ma-hum'-e-tizm. 

The religion of Mahometans. Sir T. Herbert. 
To MAHO'METANIZE*, ma-hdm'-e-tan-lze. v. a. 

To render conformable to any mode or custom of 

the Mahometans. Svinbume. 
MA'HOUND*, ma/-h6und. n. s. A contemptuous 

name of old for Mahomet ; sometimes also used by 

our ancestors for the devil, and sometimes for any 

savage character. Skellon. 
MAID, made. n. s. A species of skate fish. Drayton. 
MAID$, made. 202. )n.s. [mee^ben, mseben, 

MA']DEN§,ma'-dn. 103. \ Sax.] An unmarried 

woman ; a virgin. Shak. A woman servant. Shak. 

[mseben-cild, Sax.] Female. Lev. xn. 
MA'IDEN, ma'-dn. 103. a. Consisting of virgins. 

Addison. Fresh ; new ; unused ; unpolluted. Siwik 

Applied to assizes; meaning where no person is 

condemned to die. 
MATDEN*, ma/-dn. a. [nueben, Sax.] Great; 

strong. Wallis. 
To MATDEN*, ma'-dn. v. n. To speak or act de- 
murely, like a maiden. Bp. Hall. 
577 



'O.UX. 



MAI 



MAK 



[LT 559 .—Fate, fir, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



s. [maiden and 



n. s. Virginity; 
virginal purity; 
freedom from 



MAIDENHAIR, ma'-dn-hare. 

hair.] A plant. Peacham. 
MA'IDENHEAD, ma'-dn-hed. 
MA'IDENHODE, ma'-dn-h6de. 
MAIDENHOOD, ma'-dn-hnd. , 
contamination. Fairfax. Newness; freshness; un- 
contaminated state. Shakspeare. n 
MA'IDENLINESS* ma'-dn-le-nCs. n. s. The beha- 
viour of a maiden; gentleness; modesty. Sherwood. 
MA'IDENLIP, ma'-dn-lip. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. 

MATDENLIKE* ma'-dn-llke. a. Like a maiden ; 
modest ; decent. More. 

MAIDENLY, ma'-dn-le. a. Like a maid; gentle; 
modest ; timorous ; decent. Shakspeare. 

MAIDENLY*, ma'-dn-le. ad. In a maidenlike man- 
ner. Skelton. 

MA'IDHOOD, made'-hud. n.s. Virginity. SJiak. 

MAIDMA'RIAN, made-mare'-yan. n. s." A kind of 
dance; but originally a woman, the queen of the 
May, and one of the company of our old morris 
dancers; but, after the morris degenerated into a 
piece of coarse buffoonery, this once elegant queen 
obtained the name of Malkin, or Maukin. Tempk. 

MA'IDPALE, made'-pale. a. Pale like a sick virgin. 
Shakspeare. 

MAIDSE'RVANT, made-ser'-vant. n.s. A female 
servant. Swift. 

MAIL, male. 202. n. s. [maim, Fr.] A coat of steel 
network worn for defence. Wotlon. Any armour. 
Gay. A postman's bundle ; a bag; and, in modern 
times, the postman himself; or the conveyance by 
which the bag of letters is sent, [male, malette, Fr.] 
Taller. A rent, [mal, Sax.] So used in the north 
of England. A spot. See Mailed and Mole. 

To MAIL, male. v. a. To arm defensively; to cover, 
as with armour. Sliakspeare. To bundle in a 
wrapper. Sliakspeare. 

MATLED*, mal'd. a. [maelen, Teut.] Spotted; spec- 
kled. Sherwood. Ob. T. 

To MAIM§, mame. v. a. [mehaigner, old Fr.] To de- 
prive of any necessary part ; to cripple by loss of 
a limb. Shakspeare. 

MAIM, mame. n. s. Privation of some essential part; 
lameness produced by a wound or amputation. 
Hooker. Injury ; mischief. Shak. Essential de- 
fect. Hayward. 

MA'IMEDNESS*, ma'-mgd-nes. n.s. State of being 
lame or maimed. Bolton. 

MAIN §, mane. 202. a. [maelen, Sax.] Principal; 
chief; leading. Hooker. Mighty ; *»»» ■ 



huge ; over- 



c. 56. 

\main and land.] 



powering ; vast. Sliak. Gross) containing the | 
chief part. Shak. Important; forcible. Duties. 

MAIN, mane. n.s. [intern, Sax.] The gross; the 
bulk; the greater part. Locke. The sum; the 
whole; the general. King Charles. The ocean; 
the great sea. Shak. \ iolence ; force. Spenser. 
A hand at dice, [main, Fr.] Lord Dorset. A cock- 
fighting match. Brand. The continent ; the main 
land. Bacon. A hamper. Ahmvorth. A course; 
a duct. Acts of Pari. 16 Geo. III. 

MAINLAND, mane-land', n.s. [? 
Continent. Spenser. 

MATNLY, mane'-le. ad. Chiefly; principally. Mil- 
ton. Greatlv; hugely; mightily. Spe?iser. 

MAINMAST* mane'-mast. n.s. The chief or mid- 
dle mast. Dryden. 

MAINPERNABLE, maue'-per-na-bl. a. [See Main- 
prise.] Bailable ; that may be admitted to give 
surety. 

MAINPERNOR, mans'-peY-nur. n.s. Surety; bail. 
Dar^ks. 

MA'INPRISE, mane' -prize, n.s. [main and pris, 
Fr.] Delivery into the custody of a friend, upon 
security given for appearance ; bail. Davies. 
To MAINPRISE, maue'-prize. v. a. To bail. 

MATNSA1L, mane'-sale. n.s. The sail of the main- 
mast. Acts, xxxvii. 

MATNSHEET, mane'-sheet. n.s. The sheet or sail 

of the mainmast. Dryden. 
To MAINSWEAR*, mane'-swire. v.n. [man- 

ypepian, Sax.] To swear falsely. Blount. 
roMiXNTA'IN^.mea-tane'. v. a. [nwintenir, Fr.] 



To preserve ; to keep. Harvey. To defend ; to 
hold out. Grew. To vindicate; to justify. Shak. 
To continue ; to keep up. Shak. To keep up ; 
to support the expense of; Sluik. To support with 
the conveniences of life. Hooker. To preserve 
from failure. Blackmore. 
To MAINTATN, mgn-tane'. v. n. To support by ar- 

fument. To assert as a tenet. Dryden. 
INTATNABLE, m&i-tane'-a-bl. a. Defensible; 
justifiable. Hayward. 

MAINTATNER, men-tane'-fir. n.s. Supporter; 
cherisher. South. 

MAINTENANCE, men'-ten-anse. [mane'-te-nanse 
Perry and Jones.] n. s. [Fr.] Support ; protection ; 
defence. Hooker. Supply of the necessaries of life; 
sustenance ; sustentation. Hooker. Continuance ; 
securitv from failure. South. 

MATNTOP, mane-top', n.s. The top of the main- 
mast. Dryden. 

MAIN YARD, mane'-yird. n.s. The yard of the 
mainmast. Arbuthnot. 

MATSTER*, mase'-tfir. n.s. [maq-fcep, Sax.] A 
master : formerly so written. Spenser. 

MA'ISTRESS*, mase'-tres. n.s. The old word for 
mistress. Chaucer. 

MAIZE, maze. n.s. Indian wheat. A plant. Miller. 
I MA JESTA'TICAL*, mad-jgs-tat'-e-kal. ; a. Great 

MAJESTA'TICK*,mad-jes-tat'-fk. $ in ap- 

pearance ; having dignity. Pococke. 

MAJE'STICAL, ma-jes'-te-kal. ) a. August; having 

MAJE STICK, ma-jeV-tlk. 509. \ dignity ; grand ; 
imperial ; regal ; great of appearance. Shak. State- 
ly; pompous; splendid. Hooker. Sublime; ele- 
vated ; lofty. Wotton. 

MAJE'STIC ALNESS*. ma-jes'-te-kal-nSs. > e 

MAJE'STICKNESS*, ma-jes'-tik-nes. $ n " fc 

State or manner of being majestick. Oldenburg. 

MAJESTICALLY, ma-jes'-te-kal-e. ad. With dig- 
nitv; with grandeur. Granville. 

MA'JESTY§,mad'-jes-te. n.s. [majestas, Lat.l Dig- 
nity; grandeur; greatness of appearance. Psaitn 
xxix. Power; sovereignty. 1 Cnron. xxix. Dig- 
nity; elevation of manner. Dryden. The title of 
kings and queens. Shakspeare. 

MA'J0R§, ma'.-jur. 166. a. [Lat.] Greater in num- 
ber, quantity, or extent. Hooker. Greater in dig- 
nity. Siwkspeare. 

MAJOR, ma'-jar. n.s. The officer above the cap- 
tain ; ihe lowest field officer. A mayor or head offi- 
cer of a town. The first proposition of a syllogism, 
containing some generality. Boyle. — Major-general. 
The general officer of the second rank. Toiler. Ma 
jor-domo. n. s. [majeur-dome, Fr J One who holds oc 
'casionallv the place of master ofthe house. Howell 

MAJORA'TION, mad-jur-a'-shun. n.s. Increase, 
enlargement. Bacon. 

MAJORITY, ma-jor'-e-te. n. s. The state of being 
greater. Grew. The greater number. Addison. 
Ancestry. Brown. Full age; end of minority. 
Davies. First rank. Shak. The office of a major. 

To MAKE §, make. v. a. [macan,Sax.] To create 
Gen. i. To form of materials. Exod. xxxii. To 
compose. Shak. To form by art what is not natu- 
ral. Spenser. To produce or effect as the agent. 

N Shak. To produce as a cause. Prow xix. To 
do ; to perform ; to practise ; to use in action. 
Shak. To cause to have any quality. Hooker. 
To bring into any state or condition. Exod. vii. 
To form ; to settle ; to establish. Rowe. To hold ; 
to keep. Dryden. To secure from distress ; to es- 
tablish in riches or happiness. Spenser. To suffer; 
to incur. Dryden. To commit. Dryden. To com- 
pel ; to force ; to constrair.. Locke. To intend ; to 
purpose to do. Spenser. To raise as profit from 
any thing. Shak. To reach; to tend to; to arrive 
at. Brown. To gain. Bacon. To force; to gain by 
force. Dryden. To exhibit. St. Luke. To pay; 
to give. Leviticus. To put ; to place. To turn to 
some use. Dryden. To incline to ; to dispose to. 
Brotvn. To effect as an argument. Hooker. To 
represent ; to show. Baker. To constitute. Locke. 
To amount to. Gal. ii. To mould : to form. Ba~ 
578 



MAL 



MAL 



— 116, move, nor, not; — lube, iftl), bull 5 — fill ;— pound ;— thin, this. 



«w. To fasten; to bar. ShaJt. — To moke auay, 
To kill; to destroy. Sidney. To transfer. Waller. 

To make account. To reckon; to believe. Bacon. 
To make account of. To esteem ; to regard. To 
make free with, lo treat without ceremony. Dun- 
ciact. To make good. To maintain ; to defend J 
to justify. Knolles. To fulfil ; to accomplish. 
Shak. To make light, of. To consider as of no 
consequence. St. Mattheic. To make lore. To 
court; to play the gallant. Addison. To make a 
man. To make the fortune of a person. Shak. 
To make merry. To feast ; to partake of an enter- 
tainment. Shak. To make much of. To cherish ; 
to foster. Sidney. To make of. What to make of 
is, how to understand. Bacon. To produce from ; 
to effect. To consider; to account; to esteem. 
Dryden. To cherish ; to foster. Knolles. To make 
over. To settle in the hands of trustees. Hudibi 
To transfer. Hammond. To make out. To clear ; 
to explain ; to clear to one's self. Dryden. To 
prove ; to evince. Locke. To make sure of To 
consider as certain. Dryden. To secure to one's 
possession. Dryden. To make up. To get to- 
gether. Locke. To reconcile ; to compose. Shak. 
To repair. Ezekiel. To compose as ingredients. 
Gov. of the Tongue. To shape. Arbuihnot. To 
supply; to makeless deficient. Hooker. To com- 
pensate ; to balance. To settle ; to adjust. Shak. 
To accomplish ; to conclude; to complete. Hooker. 

1 '0 MAKE, make. v. n. To tend ; to travel; to go 
any way. Shak. To contribute ; to have effect. 
Dryden. To operate ; to act as a proof, cr argu- 
ment, or cause. Spenser. To show; to appear; 
to carry appearance. Josh. viii. To compose 
poetry ; to make by the imagination ; to versify. 
Spenser. — To make away with. To destroy ; to 
kill ; to make away. Addison. To make for. 
To advantage ; to favour. Bacon. To make up 
for. To compensate ; to be instead. Swift. To 
malce with. To concur. Hooker. 

MAKE, make. n.s. Form ; structure ; nature. Glanv. 

MAKE, make. n. s. [maca, Sax.] A companion; a 
mate; a match; a consort; an equal; a friend. 
Chaucer. 

MAKEABLE*, ma'-ka-bl. a. Effective ; feasible. 
Cotgrave. 

MA'KEBATE, make'-bate. n.s. {make and debate] 
Breeder of quarrels. Sidney. 

MA 'KE LESS*, make'4S&. a. Matchless ; not to be 
equalled. Cluxucer. Without a mate ; deprived 
of a mate. Shaks]i"are. 

MA'KEPEACE, make'-pese. n. s. Peacemaker ; 
reconciler. ShaJcspeare. 

MA'KER, ma'-kur. 98. n.s. The Creator. Apostles' 
Creed. One who makes any thing. Pope. One 
who sets any thing in its proper state. Ascham. 
A poet. Drayton. 

MA'KEWEIGHT, make'-wate. n. s. Any small 
thing thrown in to make up weight. Phidips. 

MA'KING*, ma'-klng. n.s. [macun^, Sax.] Com- 
position; structure; form. Shale. A poem. The\ 
Churle and the. Byrde. 

MALACHI'TE, mal-a-klle'. n.s. A stone sometimes 
entirely green, so as to resemble the leaf of the 
mallows, na\&xri ; sometimes it is veined with white, 
or spotted with blue or black. Woodward. 

MALADMINISTRATION*. See Maleadmin- 

ISTRATION. 

MA'LADY, maF-a-de. n.s. hnaladie, Fr.] A disease; 
a distemper; a disorder of body. Sidney. 

MALA'NDERS, mal'-an-dfirz. n.s. [malandre, old 
Fr.] A dry scab on the pastern of horses. 

MA'LAGA*, mal'-a-ga. n s. A kind of wine i 
ed from Malaga in Spam. 

MA'LAPERT$, mal'-a-pert, a. [mal and pert.] Sau- 
cy; quick with impudence; sprightly, without re- 
spect or decency. Shakspeare. 

MA'LAPERTLY, mal'-a-pert-le. ad. Impudently; 
saucily. Skelton. 

MALAPERTNESS, mal'-a-pert-n&. n.s. Liveli- 
ness of reply without decency ; quick impudence ; 
sauciness. Fotherhf. 



lmport- 



MA/.ArROPO / S*,m&-&v-nr6-p6'. ad. [mal and 
apropos, Fr.l Unsuitably. Dryden. 

To MALAXATES, ma-laks'-ate. v. a. [ h a\drTU>.] 
To sofien, or knead to softness, any body. 

MALAXA TION, mal-laks-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
softening. 

MALE §, male. a. [Fr.] Of the sex that begets young ; 
not female. Locke. 

MALE, male. n. s. The he of any species. Bacon. 
A budget ; whence the present word mail, for a 
bag of letters. Chaucer. 

MALE, male, in composition, signifies ill; from 
male, Lat. 

MALADMINISTRATION, male-ad-mfn-nls- 
tra'-shfin. [mal-ad-min-nls-tra'-shun, Sheridan and 
Perry.'] n.s. Bad management of affairs. Swift. 

$5= I have given the first syllable of this and the succeed- 
ing words, compounded of male., the long sound of a, 
because I look upon male as a prefix not alterable in its 
sound in words of our own composition, any more than 
arch, fore, mis, pre, or vice: arch and fore are used 
separately as adjectives, which is not the case with 
male ; but mis, pre, and vice, are never used out of 
composition, and are therefore exactly under the same 
predicament. Dis, not being a prefix of our own which 
we can apply to words at pleasure, alters the sound of 
s according to the presence or absence of the accent, or 
the nature of the succeeding consonants (see Dis) ; but 
mis, being applicable to any words, never alters the 
sound of s. 426. Pre, when prefixed to words of our 
own, as pre-conceived, pre-supposed, &c, never shortens 
the vowel, 530, 53J, 533; and vice, in vice-president, 
vice-admiral, &c. might as well be changed into vis- 
president, and vis-admiral, as male-content and male- 
practice into malcontent and malpractice. But, though 
all our pronouncing dictionaries adopt the short sound 
of a, and some even leave out the e, yet, as analogy is 
so decidedly in favour of the long sound, and custom is 
not quite unanimous, the long sound ought certainly to 
have the preference with all who aim at. correctness 
and consistency. W. Johnston is the only one who 
adopts this pronunciation ; and Barclay, by putting a 
hyphen after male, seems to favour it. If custom has 
decided in favour of the short sound of a, the e ought 
to be omitted in writing, and then the spelling and 
sound would not be at variance; but, as this would 
lead to incurable evils in language, the pronunciation 
ought rather to conform to the orthography. W. 

MALECONTENT* male'-kon-tent. [mal'-kdn 

t&nt, Sheridan and Perry.] n. s. One who is dis 

satisfied ; one whom nothing pleases. Spenser. 
MA'LECONTENT, male'-k&n-tent. ; 

MALECONTE'NTED, male-kdn-teV-teU \ a ' 

Discontented; dissatisfied. Shakspeare. 
MALECONTE'NTEDLY, male-kdn-t&i'-te'd-le. 

ad. With discontent. 
MALECONTE'NTEDNESS, mate-kdn-teV-teo'- 

nes. n.s. Discontentedness; want of affection to 

government. Spectator. 
MALEDFCENCY* mal-e-dffs'-en-se. n. s. [maledi- 

ceniia, Lat.l Reproachful speech ; pVoneness to 

reproach. Alterbury. 
MALEDI'CENT*, inal-e-dV-ent. a. Speaking re- 
proachfully; slanderous. Sir E. Sandys. 
MALEDFCTED, mal-e-dfkt'-eU a. Accursed. Diet. 
MALEDFCTION, mal-e-dnV-shfin. n.s. [maledic- 

tio, Lat.] Curse; execration; denunciation of evil. 

Sidney. 
MALEFACTION, mal-e-fak'-shun. n.s, [male and 

facio. Lat.] A crime ; an offence. Sluikspeare. 
MALEFA'CTOR, mal-e-fak'-tur. n. s. An offender 

against law; a criminal. Dryden. 
MA'LEFICE*, mal'-e-ffs. n.s. [Fr.] Any wicked 

act : artifice ; enchantment. Cluxucer. 
MALE'FICENT* ma-lef-e-sent. a. [mahficus, Lat,] 

Wicked ; doing evil. Burke. 
To MALEFFCIATE*, mal-e-flsh'-e-ate. v. a. To 

bewitch. Burton. 
MALEFICLVTION*, mal-e-flsh-e-a'-shfin. n. s. 

Witchcraft. Bp. Hall. 

chievous; hurtful. Diet. 
MALE'NGINE*, ma-len'-jin. n. a. [molengin, Fr.] 

Guile ; deceit. Spenser. 

579 






MAL 



MAM 



Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pm: 



lice; 



MALEPRA'CTICE, male-prak'-fk n.s. Practice 

contrary to rules. 
MALESPFRITED*, ma.le-spir'-?t-ed. a. Having the 
spirit and courage of a man; high-minded. B. 
Jonson. 
MA'LET*, ma'-let. n. s. [malelle, Fr.] A budget; a 

portmanteau. Shelton. 
To MA'LETREAT*. See To Maltreat. 
MALE'VOLENCE, ma-lev'- vo-lense. n. s. Ill-will ; 
inclination to hurt others, malignity. Shakspeare. 
MALEVOLENT, ma-leV-v6-lent. a. [malevolus, 
Lat.] Ill-disposed towards others ; malignant. 
Dryden. , n „ , 

MALE'VOLENTLY^ma-leV-vo-lent-le. ad. Malign- 
ly; malignantly; with ill-will. Howell. 
MALE'VOLOUS*, ma-lev'-vo-lfis. a. Malevolent; 

malicious. Warburton. 
MA / LICE§, mal'-lk 140. n.s. [malice, Fr.] Badness 
of design ; deliberate mischief. Bp. Taylor. Ill 
intention to any one ; desire of hurting. Shak. 
To MA'LICE, mal'-lis. v.a. To regard with ill-will. 

Spenser. 
MALICIOUS, ma-hW-us. a. [malicieux, Fr.] Ill- 
disposed to any one ; intending ill ; malignant. 
Shakspeare. 
MALFCIOUSLY, ma-h'sh'-us-le. ad. With maligni- 
ty ; with intention of mischief. Swift. 
MALFCIOUSNESS, ma-l'fsh'-us-ngs. n. s. Mai 

intention of mischief to another. 
MALFGN^ma-Dr.e'. 385. a. [maligne, Fr.] Unfa- 
vourable ; ill-disposed to any one ; malicious. Ba- 
con. Infectious; fatal to the body; pestilential. 
Bacon. 
To MALFGN, ma-llne'.r. u. To regard with envy or 
malice. Spenser. To mischief; to hurt ; to harm. 
Boyle. 
To MALFGN*, ma-lW. v.n. To entertain malice. 

Milton. 
MALFGN ANCY, ma-lrg'-nan-se. n.s. Malevolence; 
malice ; unfavourableness. Shak. Destructive ten- 
denc}'. Wiseman. 
MALFGNANT,ma-% / -nant.'«. [Fr.] Malign ; en- 
vious; unpropitious ; malicious. Sliak. Hostile to 
life : as, malignant fevers. Temple. 
MALFGNANT. ma-l% / -nant. n.s. A man of ill in- 
tention; malevolently disposed. Hooker. It was a 
word used of the defenders of the church and 
monarchy by the rebel sectaries in the civil wars. 
Hitdibras. 
MALFGNANTLY, ma-lig'-nant-le. ad. With ill 
intention; maliciously; mischievously. Shakspeare. 
MALFGNER, ma-llne'-tir. 386. n. s. One who re- 
gards another with ill-will. Swift. Sarcastical 
ccnsurer. Fulke. 
MALIGNITY, ma-llg'-ne-te. n. s. [malignite" , Fr.] 
Malice; maliciousness. Tickell. Contrariety to 
life ; destructive tendency. Hayward. Evilness of 
nature. South. 
MALFGNLY, ma-lme'-le. ad. Enviously ; with ill- 
will ; mischievously. Bale. 
MA'LISON*, mal'-e-san. n.s. [old Fr.] A maledic- 
tion. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
MA'LKIN, maw'-kin. n. s. A kind of mop made of 
clouts for sweeping ovens ; thence a frightful figure^ 
of clouts dressed up ; thence a dirty wench. See 
Maidmarian. Shakspeare. 
MALL§, mal. [mall, Perry and Jones.'] n. s. [mal- 
leus, Lat.] A kind of beater or hammer. Addison. 
A stroke; a blow. Spenser. A walk where they 
formerly played with malls and balls. Pope, [mal, 
Perry.] 
g^- This word is a whimsical instance of the caprice of 
custom. Nothing can be more uniform than the sound 
we give to a, before double I, in the same syllable : and 
yet this word, when it signifies a wooden hammer, has 
not only changed its deep sound of a in all into the a 
in alley, but has dwindled into the short sound of e in 
mall, a" walk in St. James's Park, where they formerly 
played with malls and balls, and from whence it had 
its name ;and, to crown the absurdity, a street parallel 
to this walk is spelt Pall Mall, and pronounced pell- 
mell, which confounds its origin wi;h the French adverb, 
pile mile. For Bailey appears tc derive the name of 



the street justly from pellere malleo, to strike with a 
mallet. That this word was justly pronounced for- 
merly, we can scarcely doubt from the rhymes to it : 

" With mighty mall 

" The monster merciless him made to fall." 

Spenser. 
" And give that reverend head a mall 
" Or two, or three, against a wall." Hudibras. 

As a corroboration of this, we find a large wooden club 
used for killing swine, called and spelt, a mall ; and the 
verb signifying to beat or bruise is spelt r.nd pronounced 
in the same manner. The word mallet, where the lat- 
ter I is separated from the former, is under a different 
predicament, and is pronounced regularly. — See Prin- 
ciples, No. 85. W. 

To MALL, mall. v. a. To beat or strike with a 
mall. 

MA'LLARD, mal'-lard. 88. n. s. [malart, Fr.] The 
drake of the wild duck. Shakspeare. 

MALLEABFLITY, mal-le-a-bn'-e-te. n.s. Quality 
of enduring the hammer; quality of spreading un- 
der the hammer. Locke. 

MA'LLEABLE§, mal'-le-a-bl. 113. a. [malleable, 
Fr.] Capable of being spread by beating. Quinci/. 

MA'LLEABLENESS, mal'-le-a-bl-nes. n.s. Quali- 
ty of enduring the hammer ; malleability ; ductili- 
ty. Locke. 

To MA'LLEATE, mal'-le-ate. v.a. To hammer 
Derham. 

MALLEA'TION*, mal-le-a'-shfln. n.s. [Fr.] Act 
of beating. Gaylon. 

MA'LLET, mal'-llt. 99. n.s. [maillet, Fr.] A wooden 
hammer. Boyle. 

MA'LLOWS, mal'-loze. n.s. [malepe, Sax.] A 
plant. Dryden. 

MA'LMSEY, mam'-ze. 401. n. s. [from Malvasia, a 
city of Peloponnesus.] A sort of grape. A kind of 
wine. Chaucer. 

MA'LT^malt. 79. n.s. [mealfc, or malfc, Sax.; 
malt, Teut.] Grain steeped in water and fermented, 
then dried on a kiln. Bacon. 

To MALT, malt. v. n. To make malt. To be made 
malt. Mortimer. 

MA'LTDUST, malt'-dfist. n. s. Maltdust is an en- 
richer of barren land, and a great improver of 
barley. Mortimer. 

MA'LtFLOOR, malt'-flore. n.s. A floor to dry 
malt. Mortimer. 

MA'LTALENT*, mal'-ta-lent. n.s. [old Fr.] Ill 
humour; spleen. Chaucer. Ob. I 1 . 

MA'LTHORSE, malt'-hdrse. n. s. A term of re- 
proach for a dull dolt. Shakspeare. 

MA'LTMAN, malt'-man. 88. )n. s. One who makes 

MA'LTSTER, malt'-stfir. $ malt. Swift. 

To MALTRE'AT*, mal-treet 7 . v. a. [male and treat.] 
To use with roughness or unkindness. Bp. Ellys. 

MA'LTWORM*, malt'-wfirm. n.s. [mall and worm.] 
A tippler. Shakspeare. 

MALVA'CEOUS, mal-va'-shus. a. [malva, Lat.] 
Relating to mallows. 

MALVERSATION, mal-ver-sa'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] 
Bad shifts ; mean artifices. Burke. 

MAM, mam. ^ n ) n. s. [mamma, Lat. This 

MAMMA 7 , mam-ma.'. 77. ) word is said to be found 
for the compellation of mother m all languages, and 
is therefore supposed to be the first syllables that 
a child pronounces.] The fond word for mother. 
Prior. 

MA'MALUKE*, mam'-a-luke. n.s. [Mamluc, Arab.] 
One of those who are said to have been, originally, 
Circassian or Mingrelian slaves; and have, in mod- 
ern times, been called the military force of Egypt. 
Fuller. 

MAMME'E, mam-mee'. n. s. A tree so called. Miller. 

To MA'MMER*, mam'-m&r. v, n. To stand in sus- 
pense ; to hesitate. Drant. 

MA'MMET, mam'-mlt. 99. n. s. A puppet; a figure 
dressed up. Shakspeare. 

MA'MMIFORM, mam'-me-form. a [mamma and 
forma, Lat.] Having^the shape of paps or dugs. 

MAMMFLLARY, mam'-mil-la-re. a. [mammiUaris 
Lat.] Belonging to the par# or dugs. Denoting 
580 



MAN 



MAN 



—116, mOve. nor, not ;— lube, tftb, bfill ;— 611 ;— pfifind 5— thin, THis. 



as a man or servant, 
ity; to point 5 to aim. 



two small protuberances, like nipples, found under 
the fore-ventricles of the brain, and supposed to be 
the organs of smelling'. Dr. Robinson. 
^5- I have departed from Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. 
Perry, Entick, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, and Dr. Johnson, 
in the accentuation of this word, and agree with Mr. 
Nar<-s and Bailey in placing the stress upon the first 
syllable of ilns and similar words ; as Dr. Johnson 
himself has done on axillary, maxillary, ptipillan/, and 
capillary ; and as all our orthoe'pists but Dr. Kenrick 
on misce.llany. — See Academy. W. 
MA'MMOCK§, mam'-niuk. 16G. n. s. [of unknown 

etvmologvj A shapeless piece. Sir T. Herbert. 
To MAMMOCK, mam'-muk. v. a. To tear ; to break ; 

to pull to pieces. Jliltoit. 
MA MMON, mam'-mun. 166. w. s. [Syriack.] Riches. 

St. Luke, xvi. 
MA'MMONIST*, mam'-mun-ist. n. s. A worldly- 
minded person. Hammond. 
MANy,man.S1.7i.s. [man, mon, Sax.] Human being-. 
Shafc. Not a woman. Shafc. Not a boy. Dryden. 
A servant; an attendant. Sidney. A word of 
familiar address, bordering on contempt. Sha/c. 
It is used in a loose signification like the French 
on, one, any one. Locke. One of uncommon qual- 
ifications. Sha/c. A human being qualified in any 
particular manner. 1 Sam. xvii. Individual. Watts. 
Not a beast. Creech. Wealthy or independent 
person. Tillotson. When a person is not in his 
senses, we say, he is not his own man. Ainsworth. 
A movable piece at chess or draughts. — Man of 
war. A ship of war. Carew. 
MAN-MIDWIFE*, man'-mld'-wlf. n. s. A strange 
compound, denoting the man who discharges the 
office of a midwife. Taller. 
To MAN, man. v. a. To furnish with men. Sha/c. 
To guard with men. Sliak. To fortify ; to strength- 
en. Addison. To tame a hawk. Shale. To at- 
tend; to serve; to wait on 
Sliak. To direct in hostil 
Shakspeare. 

MA'NACLEy, man'-na-kl. n. s. [manicce, from ma- 
mis. Lat.] Chain for the hands; shackles. Sliak. 
To MA'NACLE, man'-na-kl. v. a. To chain the 

hands ; to shackle. Shakspeare. 
To MA'NAGEy. man'-ldje. 90. v. a. [manager, Fr.] 
To conduct; to carry on. BtMingflket. To train 
a horse to graceful action. Knotles. To govern ; 
to make tractable. Arbuthnol. To wield ; to 
move or use easily. Newton. To husband; to 
make the object of caution. Dryden. To treat 
with caution or decency. Addison. 
To MANAGE, man'-ldje. 90. v. n. To superintend af- 
fairs; to transact. Dryden. 
MA'NAGE, man'-ldje. n. s. [menage, Fr.] Conduct ; 
,. administration. Shak. Use; instrumentality. Ba- 
con. Government of a horse. Shak. Discipline ; 
governance. U Estrange. 
MA'NAGEABLE, man'-Idje-a-bl. a. Easy in the use. 

Bacon. Governable ; tractable. Bp. Taylor. 
MA'NAGEABLENESS, man'-idje-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Accommodation to easy use. Boyle. Tractable- 
ness ; easiness to be governed. 
MANAGEMENT, man'-Mje-ment. n. s. [>nenao- e - 
menl, Fr.] Conduct ; administration. Locke. Pru- 
dence; cunning practice. Dryden. Practice; trans- 
action; dealing. Addison. 
MA'NAGER, man'-ldje-Sr. 98. n. s. One who has 
the conduct or direction of any thing. South. A 
man of frugality; a good husband. Temple. 
MA'NAGERY, man'-ld-jer-re. n. s. Conduct ; di- 
rection; administration. Clarendon. Husbandry; 
frugality. Decay of Chr. Piety. Manner of using. 
Decay of Chr. Piety. 
MA'NAKIN*. See Manniki.v. 
MANA'TION, ma-Ka'-shfln. n. s. [maiuxlio, Lat.] 

The act of issuing from something else. 
MANCHE, mansh. «. 5. [Fr.] A sleeve. 
MA'NCHET, m;lnsh'-lt. 99. n.s. [corruption of main 
clieat. See Cheat-bread.] A small loaf of fine 
bread. Baton. 
MANCHFNE'EL Tree, manish-ln-eel'. n.s. [mancan- 
illa, Lat.] A native of the West Indies, which grows 



to the size of an oak : its wood is of a beautiful 
grain, will polish well and last long. Miller. 
$£?' I do not hesitate to place the accent on the last 
syllable of this word, as this stress, not only its form, 
but the best usage, seems to require. Dr. Johnson and 
other orthoe'pists place the accent in the samo manner, 
contrary to Mr. Sheridan, who places it on the first syl- 
lable. W. 

To MA'NCIPATEy, man'-se-pate. v. a. [mancipo, 

Lai.] To enslave; to bind ; to tie. Burton. 
MANCIPATION, man-se-pa'-shun. n. s. Slavery; 

involuntary obligation. Waterhouse. 

MA'NCIPLE.man -se-pl. 405. n. s. [manceps, Lat.] 
The steward of a community ; the purveyor : it is 
particularly used of the purveyor of a college. 
Cliancer. 

MANDA'MUS, man-da'-mus. n. s. [Lat.] A writ 
granted by the court of King's Bench in the name 
of the king; so called from the initial word. 

MANDARPN, man-da-reen'. 112. n.s. [mandarim, 
Portuguese.] A Chinese nobleman or magistrate. 
Temple. 

§£f Dr. Johnson, and the other lexicographers after him, 
spell this word without the final e. It may be observed, 
that most of the names from the East came to us by 
missionaries, and the first accounts we have of these 
countries are from the French, which accounts for the 
manner in which we always hear it pronounced. W. 

MA'NDATARY, man'-da-tar-e. 512. n. s. [mimdu- 
taire, Fr.] He to whom the pope has, by his pre- 
rogative, and proper right, given a mandate for bis 
benefice. AyEffe. 
MA'NDATE," man'-date. 91. n. s. [mandatum, Lat.) 
Command. Hooker. Precept ; charge ; commis- 
sion, sent or transmitted. Shakspeare. 
MANDA'TOR, man-da'-t&r. n. s. [Lat.] Director, 

Ayliffe. 
MA'NDATORY, man'-da-tur-e. 512. [For the o, 

see Domesticic] a. Preceptive ; directory. Abp. 

Usher. 
MA'NDATORY*, man'-da-tur-e. n.s. One to whom 

a commandment or charge is given ; as, to an ap- 
paritor, or other messeng-er, to execute a citation. 

Fell. 
To MA'NDER*. See To Maunder. 
MA'NDIBLE, man'-de-bl. 405. n. s. [mandibida, 

Lat.] The jaw ; the instrument of manducation. 

Smith. 
MANDIBULAR, man-dib'-bu-lar. a. Belonging to 

the jaw. Gaaton. 
MA'NDIL* man'-dil. n.s. [mardille, o\J Fr.] A sort 

of mantle. Sir T. Herbert. 
MANDFLION, man-dll'-e-fin. n. s. [manSglione, 

Ital.] A soldier's coat. A loose garment. Ains- 
worth. 
MA'NDMENT*, mand'-ment. n. s. [memdement, old 

Fr.] Commandment; direction. V/icliffe. Ob. T. 
MA'NDOLIN*, man'-do-lfn. n. s. [mandola, Ital.] A 

kind of cithern. 
MANDRA'GORA*, man-drag'-6-ra. )n. s. [man- 
MA'NDRAKE, mdn'-druke. ) bpa^ojia, 

Sax.] Aplant. Miller. 
MA'NDREL, man'-drel. n.s. [mandrin, Fr.] An in- 
strument to hold in the lathe the substance to be 

turned'. Moxon. 
MA'NDUCABLE* man'-du-ka-bl. a. That may be 

eaten ; fit to be eaten. Sir T. Herbert. 
ToMA'NDUCATEy, man'-du-kate. v. a. [mandu- 

co, Lat.] To chew ; to eat. Bp. Taylor. 
MANDUCA'TION, man-du-ka'-shun. n.s. Eating; 

chewing. Quincy. 
MANE v , mane. 7i.s. [maene, Dutch.] The hair which 
I hangs down on the neck of horses or other animals.. 

Sidney. 
MA'NEATER, man'-ete-ur. n.s. A cannibal; one 

thai feeds upon human flesh. 
MA'NED, mand. 459. a. Having a mane. 
MANE'GE*, ma-nazhe'. n. s. [Fr.] A place where 

horses are trained, or horsemanship taught; a 

riding-school. Ld. Chesterfield. 
MANE'RIAL*. ma-ne'-re-al. a. [manerium, Lat-1 

Manorial. Warton. 

581 



MAN 



MAN 



(CF 559.— Fk\e, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;- 



\mangeln, Germ.] 
rolling-press for 



MA'NES, ma'-nez. [See Millepedes.] n. s. [Lat.] 
Ghost j shade) that which remains of man after 
death. Dryden. 
MANFUL $, man'-ful. a. Bold 5 stout; daring. Hu- 

dibras. 
MANFULLY, man<-ful-e. ad. Boldly 5 stoutly. Abbot 
MANFULNESS, man'-ful-nes. n. s. Stoutness 

boldness. Bale. t 

MANGANESE, man / -ga-nese. n. s. [manganesia 
low Lat.] A name the glassmen use for many dif- 
ferent substances, that have the same effect in 
clearing the foul colour of their glass. 
MANGCO'RN, mang'-kSrn. [Perry.] n. s. [mengen, 

Dutch.] Corn of several kinds mixed. 
MANGER, manje. n.s. [mangeaison, Fr.] The itch 

or scab in cattle. B. Jonson. 
MANGER, mane'-j&r. 542. [See Change.] n. s. 
[mangenire, Fr.] 1 he place or vessel in which ani- 
mals are fed with corn. V Estrange. 
MANGINESS, mane'-je-nes. n. s. Scabbiness ; m- 

fection with the mange. Sherwood. 
To MANGLE §, mang'-gl. 405. v. a. [mangelen, 
Dutch.] To lacerate; to cut or tear piece-meal; 
lo butcher. Sliakspeare. 
To MANGLE*, mang'-gl. v. a. t 

To smooth linen ; to calender. 
MANGLE*, mang'-gl. n. s. A 

smoothing linen ; a calender. 
MANGLER, mang'-gl-ur. n. s. A hacker; one that 

destroys bunglingly. Bentley. 
MANGO, mang'-gi. n. s. A fruit of the East Indies 

brought to Europe pickled. Mortimer. 
MANGONEL*, mang'-go-nel. n. s. [mangoneau, old 
Fr.] An engine which threw large stones, and was 
employed to batter walls. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
MANGONISM*, mang / -g6-iu ! zm. n. s. [mangonisme, 
Fr.] The art of setting off any thing. Evelyn. 
Ob. T. 
To MANGONIZE*, mang'-go-nize. v. n. [mango- 
nizo, Lat.] To polish a thing to make it sell the 
better. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
MANGROVE*, mang'-grove. n. s. A plant which 
grows in salt-water rivers, both in the East and 
West Indies. 
MANGY, mane'-je. a. Infected with the mange ; 

scabby. Skelton. 
MA'NHATERjmanMiate-ur. n.s. Misanthrope; one 

that hates mankind. 
MANHOOD, man'-hud. n. s. Human nature. Ra- 
leigh. Virility ; not womanhood. Dryden. Vi- 
rility ; not childhood. Shak. Courage ; bravery ; 
resolution; fortitude. Sidney. 
MANIAS*, I i, 1 4 S n - s - [pavla.] Madness. 
MANIE §* \ md " ne " a - } Chambers. 
MANIABLE*, maV-ne-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Manageable ; 

tractable. Bacon. Ob. T. 
MANI'ACAL, ma-m'-a-kal. 506. ) a. [maniacus, 
MANFACK, ma'-ne-ak. 505. \ Lat -] R ag'«g 

with madness; mad to rage; brainsick. Grew. 
MANIACK*, ma'-ne-ak. n. s. A mad person. She?i 

stone. 
MANICHE'AN*, man-e-ke'-an. ) n. s. One of the 
MANICHE'E*, man-e-kee'. \ followers of Ma- 
nes, a Persian, who taught that there were two 
principles of all things, coeternal and coequal, the 
one good, the other evil. Bp. Hall. 
MANICHE'AN*, man-e-ke'-au. a. Relating to the 

Manicheans. Wolloston. 
MAN1CHEISM* man'-e-ke-izm. n. s. The impious 

doctrine of the Manichees. Puller. 
MANTCON*, man'-e-kfin. n. s. [Lat.] A kind of 

night-shade. Hudibras. 
MA'NICHORD*, man'-e-kSrd. n.s. [manicordion, 

Fr.] A musical instrument, tike a spinet. 
MANIFESTS, man'-ne-fest. a. [manifestos, Lat.] 
Plain ; open ; not concealed. Hooker. Detected. 
Dryden. 
MANIFE'ST, man'-ne-fest. n. s. Declaration ; pub- 
lick protestation. Dryden. 
To MANIFEST, man'-ne-fgst. u. a. [manifesto, Lat.] 
To make appear ; to make publick ; to show plain- 
ly ; to discover. Shakspeare. 



I MANIFESTABLE*. See Manifestable 
MANIFESTATION, man-ne-fes-ta'-shun. n. s Dis- 

covery; publication; clear evidence. 
MANIFE'STIBLE, man-ne-feV-tf.-bl. a. [properly 

manifestable.] Easy to be made evident. Brawn. 
MANIFESTLY, man'-ne-fest-le. ad. Clearly; evi- 
dently; plainly. Bacon. 
MANIFESTNESS, m&n'-ne-fest-nes. n. s. Perspi- 
cuity ; clear evidence. 
MANIFESTO, man-ne-feV-to. n. s. [Ital.] Publick 

protestation; declaration. Addison. 
MANIFOLD ^man'-ne-fold.a. [mani£pealb,Sax.] 
Of different kinds; many in number; multiplied; 
complicated. Spenser. 
MANIFOLDED, man-w-f&d'-gd. a. Having many 

complications or doubles. Spenser. 
MANIFOLDLY, man'-ne-fold-le. ad. In a manifold 

manner. Sidney. 
MANIFOLDNESS*, man'-ne-fold-nes. n. s. State 

of being manifold; multiplicity. Sherwood. 
MANFGLIONS, ma-nlgMe-onz. n. s. [In gunnery.] 
Two handles on the back of a piece of ordnance, 
cast after the German form. Bailey. 
MANIHOT* ) 1 / , A , { n. s. A plant in the 
MANIOC*, \ ma -»^ ok - j West Indies. Miller. 
MANTLIO* ma-niF-e-6. ) n. s. A kind of ring or 
MANTLLE*, ma-nfll'. > ' bracelet worn by per- 
sons in Africa and Asia. Sir T. Herbert. 
MANIKIN, man'-ne-kln. n.s. [manneken, Teut.] A 

little man. Sha.kspeare. 
MANIPLE §, man'-e-pl^OS. n. s. [manipulus, Lat.] 
A handful. B. Jonson. A small band of soldiers. 
May. A fanon; a kind of ornament worn about 
the arm of the mass-priest. Dering. 
MANFPULAR, ma-nip'-pu-lar. a. Relating to a 

maniple. 
MANIPULATION*, ma-mp-u-la''-shun. n. s. In 
mines, the manner of digging silver out of the 
earth. 
MANKILLING*, man'-kfl-lmg. a. Used to kill men. 

Dryden. 
MAN'KFLLER, man'-kil-lor. 98. n. s. Murderer. 

Dryden. 
MANKFND ', man-kyind 7 . [See Guaud.] n.s. [man- 
cynn, Sax.] The race or species of human beings. 
Milton. Humanity. B. Jonson. 
fcj" This word is sometimes improperly pronounced with 
the accent on the first syllable, and is even marked so 
by Dr. Ash. Milton, with his usual license, sometimes 
places the accent in this manner: 

" where he might likeliest find 

" The only two of mankind, but in them 
" The whole included race, his purpos'd prey." 
But Pope, in this particular, is a better guide, both in 
prose and verse : 

" The proper sHidy of mankind is man." 

Essay on Man. 
It may be asked, indeed, why mankind should not have 
the accent on the first syllable as well as womankind. 
It may be answered, so it has, when it is to distinguish 
it from womankind : but when it is used absolutely it 
includes womankind ; and, to avoid the distinction 
which an accent on the first syllable would imply, it 
very properly throws the accent on the general and not 
on the specirick part of the word. W 
MA'NKIND, man'-kylnd. a. Resembling man, not 

woman, in form or nature. Frobisher. 
MA'NLESS, man'-l^s. a. Without men , not manned. 

Ba.con. 
MANLIKE, maV-llke. a. Having the complexion 
and proper qualities of man. Sidney. Becoming a 
man. Hammond. 
MANLINESS, manMe-n^s. n.s. Dignity; bravery j 

stoutness. B. Jonson. 
MA'NLING*, manMlng. n. s. A little man. B. Jon- 
son. 9 
MANLY, man'-le. a. Manlike; becoming a man; 
firm ; brave ; stout ; undaunted ; undismayed. Shak 
Not womanish ; not childish. Shakspeare. 
MANLY, man'-le. ad. With courage like a man. 
MANNA, man'-na. n.s. [Hebrew.] A gum, or honey 
like juice concreted into a solid form. The pro- 
duct of two different trees, both varieties of the ash . 
582 



MAN MAN 




— 116, m6ve, n6r, nftt ;— tube, tftb, bull 5— 611 ;— pftftnd ; — th'm, ruis. 



when .he heals are free from rain, these trees exsu- 
date a white honey juice, which concretes into 
what we call manna. Hill. 
MANNERS, man'-nftr. 418. n. s. [mmiere, Fr.] 
Form; method. Dryden. Custom; habit j fashion. 
Heb. y. Certain degree. Bacon. Sort ; kind. 
Sliak. Mien ; cast of the look. Richardson. Pe- 
culiar way; distinct mode of person. Clarendon. 
Way ; mode : of thing's. Atterbury. In the plu- 
ral ^character of the mind. Addison. In the plu- 
ral : general way of life; morals; habits. Bacon. 
In the plural : ceremonious behaviour; studied civil- 
ity. Shak. — To lake in or with the manner. To catch 
in the actual commission of a crime ; to be caught 
in the fact, [written mainour, in our old law-books; 
from the French manier, to seize with the hand.] 
Numb. v. 
To MA'NNER* man'-nftr. v. a. To instruct in mor- 
als; to form. Shakspeare. 
MA'NNERIST* man'-nftr-ilst. n. s. An artist who 
performs all his works in one unvaried maimer. 
Churchill. 
MA'NNERLINESS, man'-nftr-le-nes. n. s. Civility; 

ceremonious complaisance. Hale. 
MA NNERLY, man'-nfir-le. a. Civil; ceremonious; 

complaisant. Shakspeare. 
MA'NNERLY, man'-nfir-le. ad. Civilly; without 

rudeness. Sliakspeare. 
MA'NNIKIN, man'-ne-km. n. s. [manneken, Teut.] 

A little man ; a dwarf. 
MA'NNISH, man'-nish. a. Human; belonging to the 
human species. Gower. Having the appearance 
of a man; bold; masculine j impudent. Sidney. 
MANCEU'VRE*, maii-fto'-vfir. n. s. [Fr.] Origin- 
ally, in the French language, the service of a vas- 
sal to his lord ; then, an operation of military tac- 
ticks, a stratagem ; naval skill in managing a ship ; 
any kind of management. Burke. 
$£jr The triphthong oeu has no correspondent sound in our 
language, and I have given it what I thought the near- 
est to it ; but, as the word seems to be universally adopt- 
ed, it ought to be anglicised, and may be safely pro- 
nounced as I have marked it by those who cannot give 
it the exact French sound. W. 

To MANCEU'VRE*, man-66'-vfir. v. n. To manage 
military or naval tacticks skilfully; to carry on 
any operation adroitly. 

MANORS, man'-nftr. 418. n. s. [manoir, old Fr.] 
In common law, a rule or government which a 
man hath over such as hold land within his fee. A 
jurisdiction and royaltv incorporeal. Cowel. 

MANOR-HOUSE*, man'-nfir-hftfts. )n. s. The 

MANOR-SEAT*, man'-nfir-sete. S house of 
the lord or owner of the manor. Cowley. 

MANORIAL*, ma-nft'-re-dl. a. Belonging to a 
manor ; denoting a manor. 

MANQUELLER, man'-kwel-lftr. n. s. [mancpel- 
lerie. Sax.] A murderer; amankiller; manslaver. 
Wkliffe. 

MANSE, manse, n. s. [old Fr. ; mansio, Lat.] Farm 
and land. Warton. A parsonage house. Life of 
Bp. Kennet. 

MANSIONS, man'-shftn. n. s. [mansio, Lat.] The 
lord's house in a manor. Place of residence ; 
abode; house. Sidneij. Residence; abode. Den- 
ham. 

To MANSION* man'-shftn. v. n. To dwell as in a 
mansion. Mede. 

MANSIONRY*, man'-shftn-re. n. s. Place of resi- 
dence. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

MANSLAUGHTER, man'-siaw-tflr. n. s. Murder; 
destruction of the human species. Ascham. [In 
law.] The act of killing a man not wholly without 
fault, though without malice : punished by forfeit- 
ure. Foster. 

MA'NSLAYEPv, man'-sla-flr. n. s. [manrla£a, 
Sax.] One that has killed another. Numb. xxxv. 

MANSTEALER*, man'-steel-ftr. n.s. One that 
steals and sells men. 1 Tim. i. 

MANSTEALING* man'-steel-mg. part. a. Steal- 
ing men, in order to sell them. Brown. 

MANSUE'TEJ, man'-swete. a. [mansuetus, Lat.] 



Mild; gentle; goodnatured ; tame; not ferocious ; 
not wild. Cliaucer. 

MA NSUETUDE, man'-swe-tftde.334.».s. [mansue- 
ludo. Lat.] Mildness ; gentleness ; tameness. Brys- 

i keU 
To MA'NSWEAR*. See To Mainswear. 

MA'NTEL, man'-tl. 103. n. s. [mantel, Germ.] Work 
raised before a chimney to conceal it. Wotlon. 

MA NTELET, man-te-let'. n. s. [Fr.] A small 

j cloak. Cimucer. [In fortification.] A kind of mova- 

j ble penthouse, driven before the pioneers, to shel- 
ter them from the enemy's small shot. Han-is. 

j MANTI'GER, man-ll'-gfir. 98. n. s. \niantichora t 
Lat. ; manticore, Fr.] A large monkey or baboon. 
Arbuihnot. 

MANTLE?, man'-tl. 405. n. s. [maentel, Sax.] A 
kind of cloak or garment thrown over the rest of 
the dress. Sliakspeare. 

To MANTLE, man'-tl. r.a. To cloak; to cover; 
to disguise. Spenser. 

To MA'NTLE, man'-tl. v. n. To spread the wings 
as a hawk in pleasure. Milton. To joy ; to revel. 
Spenser. To be expanded ; to spread luxuriantly. 
Milton. To gather any thing on the surface ; to 
froth. Sluxkspeare. To ferment ; to be in sprightly 
agitation. Smith. 

MA'NTLING*, man'-tl-lng. n. s. [In heraldry.] The 
representation of a mantle,, or any drapery, tnat is 
drawn about a coat of arms. 

MANTO* man'-t6. n. s. [Ital.] A robe ; a cloak. 
Ricaut. 

MANTO'LOGYt, man-tol'-6-je. n. s. The gift of 
prophecy. Mason. 

MA'NTUA, man'-tshu-r.. 333. [man'-ta, Sheridan ; 
man'-tft, Perry.'] n. s. [jxavSvas.] A lady's gown. 
Pope. 

$5° Dr. Johnson says, this word was probably corrupted 
from the French manteau : and Mr. Elphinston, in his 
zeal for an homophonous orthography, as it may be 
called, says, " Manteau, not mantua, having given title 
" to the silk, the makei of mantoes, or manto*os, will 
" have the honour of leading the fashions at the court 
" of truth, when, under so glorious patronage, she an- 
" nounces herself a mantoemaker, or mantowmaker. 
" Paduasoy is a similar falsification of podesoy, the 
" English offspring of the French poudisoie. The Ital- 
" ian cities are much obliged to affectation, for having 
" so long complimented them at her own expense. 
'' Guided by etymology, she had no business with the 
" sound ; and a stranger to analogy was not likely to 
" know, that a mantle, mantoi, or cloke, was probably 
" the first silken task of the English mantoema 
" ker." W. 

MA'NTUAMAKER, man'-tu-ma'-kftr. 333. n.s. One 
who makes gowns for women. Addison. 

MA'NUAL§, man'-ft-al. a. [manualis, Lat.] Per- 
formed by the hand. Dryden. Used by the hand. 
Clarendon. 

MA'NUAL, man'-ft-al. n. s. A small book, such as 
may be carried in the hand. Hale. 

MA'NUARY*, man'-6-a-re. a. Performed by the 
hand. Fotherby. 

MANU'BIAL, ma-nu'-be-al. a. [manubias, Lat.] Be- 
longing to spoil ; taken in war. Diet. 

MANUBRIUM, ma-nft'-bre-ftm. n. s. [Lat.] A 
handle. Bovle. 

.MANUDU'CTION §, man-nft-dflk'-shftn. n. s. [man 
udnctio, Lat.] Guidance by the hand. Brown. 

MANUDU'CTOR*, man-nu-dfik'-tfir. n. s. Con- 
ductor ; guide. Jordan. 

MANUFACT* man'-nft-fakt. n. s. Any thing made 
by art. Maqdman. Ob. T. 

MANUFACTORY*, man-nft-fak'-tftr-e. n. s. The 
practice of making any piece of workmanship. Ld. 
Bolingbroke. The place where a manufactory is 
carried on. Guthrie. 

MANUFACTURE v. man-nft-fak'-tshftre. 461. n, s. 
[monus and Jacio, Lat.] The practice of making- 
any piece of workmanship. Any thing made by 
art. Dryden. 

To MANUFACTURE, man-nft-fak'-tshftre. 463. 
v. a. [manufacturer, Fr.l To make by art and la- 
bour; to form by workmanship. To employ in 
work ; to work up. 

683 



MAR 



MAR 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin 



To MANUFACTURE*, man-ni-fak'-tshore. r. n. 
To be engaged in any manufacture. Boswell. 

MANUFACTURER, mdn-nu-lak'-tshu-rur. n. s. A 
workman ; an artificer. Watts. 

To MA'NUMISE$, man'-nu-mlze. v. a. [manumitto, 
Lat.] To set free ; to dismiss from slavery. Knolles. 

MANUMISSION, man-nu-mish'-un. n. s. [manumis- 
sio, Lat.] The act of giving liberty to slaves. 
Brown. 

ToMA'NUMIT, man-nti-nnV. v. a. To release from 
slavery. Dr. Taylor. 

MANU'RABLE, ma-nu'-ra-bl. 405. a. Capable of 
cultivation. Hale. 

MANU'RAGE*, ma-nu'-rldje. n. s. Cultivation. 
Warner. 

MANU'RANCE, ma-nu/-ranse. n. s. Agriculture ; 
cultivation. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To MANU'RE §, ma-nure'. v. a. [manouvrer, Fr.] 
To cultivate by manual labour. Milton. To dung; 
to fatten with composts. Woodward. To fatten as 
a compost. Addison. 

MANU'RE, ma-niW. n. s. Soil to be laid on lands ; 
dung or compost to fatten land. Dri/den. 

MANU'REMENT, ma-irure'-ment. n. s. Cultivation; 
improvement. Wotton. 

MANUTtER, ma-iiu'-rur. 98. n. s. He who manures 
land ; a husbandman. 

MA'NUSCRIPT, man'-u-skrfpt. n. s. [manuscriptum, 
Lat.J A book written, not printed. Wotton. 

MA'NUTENENCY* man'-u-te-nen-se. n. s. [man- 
utentia, Lat.] Support ; maintenance. Abp. San- 
croft. 

MA'NY, meV-ne. 89. a. comp. more, superl. most. 
[maeni^, Sax.] Consisting of a great number; nu- 
merous ; more than few. Judg. xvi. Marking num- 
ber indefinite, or comparative. Ex. xxxv. Power- 
ful : with too, in low language. U Estrange. 

MA'NY §, men'-ne. n. s. A. multitude ; a company ; 
a great number ; people. Spenser. Retinue of ser- 
vants ; household ; family, [magnie. old Fr.] Chau- 
cer. Many is used much in composition. 

MA'NYCOLOURED, men'-ne-kul-lurd. a. Having 
various colours. Shakspeare. 

MA'NYCORNERED, meV-ne-kdr-nurd. a. Polygo- 
nal ; having corners more than twelve. Dryden. 

MA'NYHEADED, meV-ne-hed-deU a. Having 
many heads. Sidney. 

MA'NYLANGUAGED, men-ne-lang'-gwldjd. a. 
Having many languages. Pope. 

MA'NY PEOPLED, men-ne-pee'-pld. a. Numerous- 
ly populous. Sandys. 

MA'NYTIMES, meV-ne-timz. an adverbial phrase. 
Often; frequently. Addison. 

MAP §, map. n. s. [mappa, low Lat.] A geograph- 
ical picture, on which lands and seas are deline- 
ated according to the longitude, and latitude. Sid- 
ney. 
To MAP, map. v. a. To delineate ; to set down. Bo. 
Hall. 

MA'PLE Tree, ma'-pl-tree. 405. n. s. A tree. Miller. 

MA'PPERY, map'-pur-e. n. s. [from map.] The 

art of planning and designing. Shakspeare. 
To MAR$, mar. 78. v. a. [amyppan, Sax.] To in- 
jure ; to spoil; to hurt; to mischief; to damage. 
Spenser.^ 

MAR*, mar. n. s. A blot ; an injury. Ascliam. [mir, 

Goth.] A mere or small lake. Grose. 
MARANA' THA^ir-k-nkh'-L 92. n. s. [Syriack.] 
It signifies, The Lord comes, or, The Lord 'is come : 
it was a form of the denouncing or anathematizing 
among the Jews. Calmet. 

$*p Mr. Sheridan, in placing the accent on the second 
syllable of this word, differs from Dr. Johnson, and 
every other orthoepist, who uniformly accent the word 
on the third syllable, as I have done. W. 

MARA'SMUS, ma-raz'-mus. n. s. [papac^s, from 

papaivu.] A consumption, in which persons waste 

much or their substance. Harre.*. 
MARA'UDER §*, ma-ro'-dur. [ma-ri'-dfir, Perry 

ma-raw'-dur, Jones.] n. s. [maradeur, Fr.] A plun 

derer; a pillager. Harte. 



MARA'UDING*, ma-r6'-ding. a. Roving about in 

quest of plunder; robbing; destroying. 
MARAVE DI*, mar-a-ve'-de. n. s. [Arab.] A small 
Spanish copper coin, of less value than our farthing. 
MA'RBLE $, mar'-bl. 405. n. s. [marbre, Fr. ; nuir- 
mor, Lat.] Stone used in statues and elegant build- 
ings, capable of a bright polish. Shak. Little balls 
supposed to be of marble, with which children 
play. Arbuthnot. A stone remarkable for the 
sculpture or inscription; as, the Oxford marbles. 
MA'RBLE, mar'-bl. a. Made of marble. Waller. 
Variegated, or stained like marble. Sidney. 

To MA'RBLE, mar'-bl. v. a. [marbrer, Fr.] To va- 
riegate, or vein like marble. Boyle. 
MARBLEHEARTED, mar'-bl-hart-ed. a. Cruel; 
insensible ; hard-hearted. Slwikspeare. 

MA'RCASLTE, mar'-ka-slte. 155. n. s. A solid, hard 
fossil, found among the veins of ores, or in the fis- 
sures of stone : very frequent in the mines of Corn- 
wall, where the workmen call it numdick. Hill. 

MARCH, martsh. 352. n. s. [from Mars.] The third 
month of the year. Peacham. 

To MARCH §, martsh. v. n. [marcher, Fr.] To move 
in military form. Shak. To walk in a grave, de- 
liberate, or stately manner. Sidney. 

To MARCH, martsh. v. a. To put in military 
movement. Boyle. To bring in regular proces- 
sion. Prior. 

To MARCH*, martsh. v. n. To border ; to join. 
Oower. 

MARCH, martsh. n.s. Military movement; journey 
of soldiers. Bacon. Grave and solemn walk. Pope. 
Deliberate or laborious walk. Addison. Signal to 
move. Knolles. Marches, without a singular, [marka, 
Gothick ; meapc, Sax. ; marche, Fr.] Borders ; 
limits ; confines. Shakspeare. 

MA'RCHER, martsh'-ur. 98. n. s. President of the 
marches or borders. Dai-ies. 

MA'RCHING*, martsh' -ing. n. s. Military move- 
ment; passage of soldiers. 1 Mace. vi. 

MA'RCHIONESS, mar'-tshun^s. 288, 352. n. s. 
[See Marquis.] The wife of a marquis; a lady 
raised to the rankof marquis. Shakspeare. 

MA'RCHPANE, martsh'-pane. n. s. [massepane, Fr.] 
A kind of sweet bread or biscuit. Sidney. 

MA'RCID §, mar'-sid. a. [marcidus, Lat.] Lean ; 
pining ; withered. Harvey. 

MA'RCOUR, mar'-kur. 314. n.s. [marcor, Lat.] 
Leanness; the state of withering; waste of flesh. 
Brown. 

MARD*. See Merd. 

MARE §, mare. n. s. [mape, Sax.] The female of a 
horse. Dryden. [from mara, the name of a spirit 
imagined, by the nations of the north, to torment 
sleepers.] A kind of torpor or stagnation, which 
seems to press the stomach with a weight; the 
night hag. Bacon. 

MARESCHAL, mar'-shal. n. s. [Fr.] A chief com- 
mander of an army. Prior. 

MA'RGARITE, mar'-ga-rite. 155. n. s. [margarita, 
Lat.] A pearl. Bp. King. 

MA'RGARITES, mar'-ga-rites. n. s. An herb. 
Ainsw orlh. 

MARGE §, marje. ~) n.s. [margo, Lat. ; marge, 

MA'RGENT §, mar'-jent. [ Fr.] The border ; the 

MA'RG1N$, mar'-jm. ) brink ; the edge ; the 
verge. Spenser. The edge of a page left blank. 
Shakspeare. The edge of a wound or sore. Sharp. 

To MA RGENT*, mar'-jent. £ v. a. To mark or note 

To MARGIN*, mar'-jin. ) in the margin of a 
book. Mirror fov Magistrates. To border. Bourne. 

MA'RGINAL, rnar'-je-nal. a. [Fr.] Placed, or writ- 
ten on the margin. Hooker. 

MARGINALLY*, mar'-jln-al-le. ad. In the mar- 
gin of the book. Abp. Newcome. 

ToMA'RGlNATE*, mar'-jfn-ate. v. a. To make 
brims or margents. Cockeram. 

MA RGINATED, mar'-je-na-ted. a. Having a mar- 
gin. 

MA'RGRAVE, mar'-grave n. 5. [march and grqff, 
Germ.] A title of sovereignty in Germany. Rob- 
inson. 

584 



MAR 



MAR 



— no, move, nor, n6t; — tube, ml), bull; — (Hi;— pound;— thin, thjs. 



n. s. A kind of* violet. 
[Mary and 



MA'RIETS, mar'-re-ets. 81. 
Diet. 

MARIGOLD, mar'-re-g6ld. 81. n. 
gold.] A yellow flower. Miller. 

{jCT The a in the first syllable of this word is, by Mr. 
Sheridan and Mr. Buchanan, pronounced long and slen- 
der, as in the proper name Mary • mid this is supposed 
to be the true sound, as it is imagined the flower was 
dedicated to the Blessed Virgin : but Mr. Scott, Mr. 
Perry, and VV. Johnston, give the a the short sound, as 
in marry ; and in this they appear not only more agree- 
able to general usage, but to that prevailing tendency 
of shortening the antepenultimate vowel, which runs 
through the language. 503. 535. Losing the simple in 
the compound can be no objection, when we reflect on 
the frequency of this coalition. 515. Nor is it unworthy 
of observation, that gold, in this word, preserves its 
true sound, and is not corrupted into goold. W. 

To MA'RINATE, mar'-re-nate. v. a. [mariner, Fr.] 
To salt fish, and then preserve them in oil or vine- 

far. King. 
RFNE $, ma-reen'. 112. a. [mar in, Fr. ; marinus, 
Lat.] Belonging - to the sea. Hayward. 

MARINE, ma-reen'. n.s. Sea affairs. Arhuthnot. 
A soldier taken on shipboard, to be employed in 
descents upon the land. 

MARINER, maV-rin-ur. 98. n. s. [marinicr, Fr.; 
mapinap, Sax.] A seaman ; a sailor. Spenser. 

MA'RISH §, mar'-ish. ?i. s. [meprc, Sax. ; maersche, 
Dutch.] A bog ; a fell ; a swamp ; watery ground 5 
a marsn. Hayward. 

MA'RISH, maV-lsh. a. Fenny ; boggy 3 swampy. 
Bacon. 

MA'RITAL, mar'-re-tal. 88. a. [manias, Lat.] Per- 
taining to a husband. Ayliffe. 

MA'RITATED, mar'-re-ia-ted. a. Having a hus- 
band. Diet. 

MARITIMAL, ma-rit'-e-mal. ^ a. [maritimus, Lat. ; 

MARITIME, mar'-re-tlm. 146. \ maritime, Fr.] 
Performed on the sea ; marine. Raleigh. Relating 
to the sea; naval. Wotton. Bordering on the sea. 
Cliapman. 

3LVRJORAM, mar'-jur-um. n. s. [marjoram, Lat.] 
A fragrant plant of many kinds. Peacham. 

MARK $, mark. 81. n.s. [marc, Welsh 5 meape, 
Sax.] A token by which any thing is known. 
Spenser. A stamp ; an impression. Dry den. A 
prt»of ; an evidence. Bacon. Notice taken. Stiak. 
Conveniency of notice. Carew. Any thing at 
which a missile weapon is directed. Davies. The 
evidence of a horse's age. Bar.on. [marque, Fr.] 
License of reprisals, [marc, Fr.] A sum of thir- 
teen shillings and fourpence. Shale. A character 
made by those who cannot write their names. 
Dryden. 

To MARK, mark. v. a. [merlcen, Dutch ; meapccan ; 
Sax.] To impress with a token or evidence. Shak. 
To notify, as by a mark. Decay ofChr. Piety. To 
note; to take notice of. Shak. To heed; to regard 
as valid. Smith. 

To MARK, mark. v. n. To note ; io take notice. 
Bacon. 

MA'RKABLE* mark'4-bl. a. Remarkable. Sir 
E. Sandys. 

MA'RKER, mark'-ur. 98. n. s. One that puts a mark 
on any thing. One that notes, or takes notice. 
Butler. 

MA'RKET§, mar'-kit. n.s. [mapkefc, Sax.] A pub- 
lick time, and appointed place, of buying and sell- 
ing. Spenser. Purchase and sale. Temple, [marche, 
Fr.] Rate; price. Dryden. 

To MARKET, mar'-kit. v. n. To deal at a market; 
to buy or sell ; to make bargains. 

MARKET-BELL, mar-ldt-bet. n. s. The bell to 
give notice that trade may begin in the market. 
Shakspeare. 
MARKET-CROSS, mar-kft-kros'. n. s. A cross set 

up where the market is held. Shakspeare. 
MARKET-DAY, mar-k?t-da'. n. s. The day on 
which things are publickly bought and sold. Dry- 
den. 
MARKET-FOLKS, mar'-kit-foks. [See Folk.] 
n. s. People that come to the market. Sliakspeare. 
74 



MARKET-MAID, mar'-kh-made. n.s. A woman 

that goes to buy or sell. Shakspeare. 
MARKET-MAN. mar'-klt-man. 88. n.s. One who 

goes to the market to sell or buy. Shakspeare. 
MARKET-PLACE, maV-kil-plase. n. s. Place 

where the market is held. Sidney. 
MARKET-PRICE, mar'-ku-prlse. > n. s. The price 
MARKET-RATE, mar'-klt-rate. S at which any 
. thing is currently sold. IJ Estrange. Locke. 
MARKET-TOWN, mar'-kit-toun. n. s. A town 
that has the privilege of a stated market; not a vil- 
lage. Spenser. 
MARKETABLE, mar'-kit-a-bl. a. Such as may 
be sold; such for which a buyer may be found. 
Shakspeare. Current in the market. Locke. 
MARKMAN, mtrk'-man. ) n. s. A man skil- 

MARKSMAN, marks'-man. 88. \ ful to hit a mark. 
Shak. One who cannot write his name, but makes 
his mark or sign for it. Nicolson and Burn. 
MARL §, marl. n. s. [marl, Welsh.] A kind of clay, 
believed to be fertile from its salt and oily quality. 
Quincy. 
To MARL, marl. v. a. To manure with marl. Child. 
To MARL, marl. v. a. [from marline.] To fasten the 

sails with marline. Airisworth. 
MA'RLEON*. See Merlin. 
MARLINE, mar'-lm. 140. n. s. [meapn, Sax. Skin- 
ner.] Long wreaths of untwisted hemp dipped in 
pitch, with which the ends of cables are guarded 
against friction. Dryden. 
MA/RLINESPIKE, mar'-lln-splke. n. s. A small 

piece of iron for fastening ropes together. Bailey. 
MARLPIT, marl'-plt. n.s. Pit out of which marl is 

dug. Woodward. 
MARLY, mar'-le. a. Abounding with marl. Drayton. 
MARMALADE, mar'-ma-lade. ? n. s. [marmelade, 
MARMALET, mar'-ma-let. \ Fr.] The pulp 
of quinces or Seville oranges boiled into a consis- 
tence with sugar. Quincy. 
M ARMOR A'TION, mar-md-ra'-shun. n. s. [mar- 

mor, Lat.] Incrustation with marble. Diet. 
MARMOREAN, mar-m6'-re-an. a. Made of mar- 
ble. Diet. 
MARMOSET, mar-m6-zeY. n. s. [marmouset, Fr.] 

A small monkey. Sliakspeare. 
MARMO'T,'mkv-xtMi'. ) n. s. [marmoita, 

MARMOTTO, mar-mot'-to. \ Ital.] The mar- 
motto, or mus alpinus. Ray. 
MARQUETRY, mar'-ket-tre. n. sv_ [marqueterie, 
Fr.] Chequered work; work inlaid with varie- 
gation. ' 
MARQUESS*, I *,_ kw!g { n. s. [marquis, Fr. 
MARQUIS, \ I The spelling of 
this word was formerly markis, as in Chaucer; and 
markisesse, for marchioness : then marquess, which 
method of writing is now also used by some.] In 
England, one of the second order of nobility, next 
in rank to a duke. Seldeti. Formerly a marchio- 
ness also, [marquise, Fr.] Shalcspeare. 
MARQUISATE, mar'-kwiz-ale. 91. n. s. [marquisat, 

Fr.] The seigniory of a marquis. Wotton. 
MA'RRER, mar'-rfir. 98. n.s. [from mar.] One 

who spoils or hurts any thing. Ascham. 
MARRIABLE* mar'-re-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Marriage- 
able. Huloel. Ob. T. 
MARRIAGE?, mar'-rldje. 81, 90, 274. n. s. [man- 
age, Fr.] The act of uniting a man and woman for 
life ; state of perpetual union. Taylor. 
MARRIAGE is often used in composition ; as, mar- 

-/mre-articles, marriage-bed, &c. 
MARRIAGEABLE, mar'-rfdje-a-bl. a. Fit for wed- 
lock ; of age to be married. Grount. Capable of 
union. Milton. 
MA'RRIED, mar'-rld. 283. a. Conjugal ; connubial. 

Dryden. 
MA'RROWS, mar'-ri. 327. n. s. [mep$, Sax.] An 
oleaginous substance, contained in proper vesicles 
or membranes, within the bones. Quincy. 
MA'RROW^ar'-ro. n. s. In the northern dialect, a 

fellow, companion, or associate. Tusser. 
To MARROW*, mar'-r6. v.a. To fill as it were with 
marrow and fatness ; to glut. Quarks. 
585 



MAR 














MAS 


[D 3 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, 


fat;- 


— me, 


m<k;- 


— pine 


pin;— 



MA'RROWBONE, mar'-r6-b6ne. n. s. Bone boiled 

for the marrow. Chaucer. In burlesque language, 

the knees. Lightfoot. 
MARROWFAT, mar'-r6-fat. n. s. A kind of pea. 
MA'RROWISH*, mar'-r6-'fsh. a. Of the nature of 

marrow. Burton. 
MA'RROWLESS, mar'-r6-les. a. Void of marrow. 

Shakspeare. 
MA'RROWY*, mar'-ro-e. a. Pithy ; full of strength 

or sap. Colgrave. 
MA'RRY*, mar'-re. inter/'. A term of asseveration in 

common use ; which was originally, in popish times, 

a mode of swearing by the Virgin Mary, q. d. by 

Man/. Chaucer. 
To MA'RRY $, mar'-re. 81.' v. a. [marier, Fr.] To 

join a man and woman, as performing the rite. 

Gay. To dispose of in marriage. Bacon. To 

take foi husband or wife. Shakspeare. 
To MA'RRY, mar'-re.. ?>. n. To enter into the conju- 
gal state. Numb, xxxvi. 
MARS*, marz. n.s. [Lat] One of the planets. Shak. 

Among chymists, the term for iron. 

MARS ' t are derived u " om tne Saxon mep.]*c, a 
MAS ' S ^ en ' or ^ enn y P' ace - Gibson. 
MARSH, marsh. 81. n. s. [mepj*c, Sax.] A fen; a 

bog ; a swamp ; a watery tract of land. Drayton. 
MARSH-MALLOW, marsh-mal'-l6. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
MARSH-MARIGOLD, marsh-mar '-re-ff<Md. [See 



Marigold.] n.s. A flower. Miller. 
[A'RSHAL§, mar'-shal. n.s. [mares 



MA'RSHAL^ mar'-shal. n.s. [mareschal, Fr.] The 
chief officer of arms. Shak. An officer who regu- 
lates combats in the lists. Dry den. Any one who 
regulates rank or order at a feast, or any other as- 
sembly. Spenser. A harbinger ; a pursuivant. 
Sidney. A commander in chief of military forces. 
Toiler. 
To MA'RSHAL, mar'-shal. v. a. To arrange ; to rank 

in order. Bacon. To lead as a harbinger. SJuxk. 
MA'RSHALLER, mar'-shal-lur. 98. n. s. One that 

arranges ; one that ranks in order. Trapp. 
MA'RSHALSEA, mar'-shal-se. n. s. The prison in 
Soulhwark belonging to the marshal of the king's 
household. 
MA'RSHALSHIP, mar'-shal-shfp. n. s. The office 

of a marshal. 
MARSHE'LDER, marsh-el'-dur. n. s. A gelder-rose, 

of which it is a species. 
MARSHRO'CKET, marsh-rok'-klt. 99. n. s. A spe- 
cies of watercresses. 
MA'RSHY, marsh'-e. a. Boggy; wet; fenny; 
swampy. Dry den. Produced m marshes. Dry- 
den. 
MART§, mart. n.s. [contracted from market.] A 
place of publick traffick. Hooker Bargain; pur- 
chase and sale. Shakspeare. Letters of mart. See 
Mark. 
To MART, mart. v. a. To traffick ; to buy or sell. 

Shakspeare. 
To MART*, mart. v. n. To trade dishonourably. 

Shakspeare. 
MA'RTAGON*, mar'-ta-gon. n. s. A kind of lily. 

Sir T. Brown. 
To MA'RTEL*, mar'-tel. v. n. [martekr, Fr.] To 

strike ; to make a blow. Spenser. 
MA'RTEN, mar'-tm. 99. in. s. [marte, martre, 
MA'RTERN, mar'-turn. \ Fr.] A large kind 
of weasel, whose fur is much valued, [martelet, Fr.] 
A kind of swallow that builds in houses ; a martlet. 
Peacham. 
MA'RTIAL §, mar'-shal. 88. a. [martial, Fr. ; mar- 
tialis, Lat.] Warlike ; fighting ; given to war ; 
brave. Spenser. Having a warlike show ; suiting 
war. Milton. Belonging to war ; not civil. Bacon. 
Borrowing qualities from the planet Mars. Brown. 
Having parts or properties of iron, which is called 
Mars by the chymists. 
MA'RTIALISM*, mar'-shal-izm. n.s. Bravery; 

chivalry; warlikeexercises. Prince. 
MA'RTIALIST, mar'-shal-fst. n. s. A warriour ; a 
fighter. Mirror for Magistrates. 



MA'RTINET,mar'-t?n-et.;n.s. [martinet, Fr.] A 
MA'RTLET, mart'-let. \ kind of swallow. In 
military language, a precise or strict disciplinarian ; 
so called from an officer of tha' name. 
MA'RTINGAL, mar'-tm-gal. n. s. [martingale, Fr.] 
A broad strap made fast to the girths under the 
belly of a horse, which runs between the two legs 
to fasten the other end under the noseband of the 
bridle. Harris. 
MA'RTINMAS, mar'-tm-mfis. 88. n. s. [C0apfcmu r - 
meer-r-a, Sax.] The feast of St. Martin ; the elev- 
enth of November ; commonly corrupted to martil- 
mas or martlemass. Tusser. 
MA'RTNETS, mart'-nels. n. s. Small lines fastened 
to the leetch of the sail, to bring that part of the 
leetch which is next to the yard-arm close up to the 
yard. Bailey. 
MA'RTYR§, mar'-tfir. 418. n. s. [majifcyji, Sax. ; 
ndprvp, Gr.] One who by his death bears witness 
to the truth. Brown. 
To MA'RTYR, mar'-tfir. v. a. To put to death for 
virtue or true profession. Pearson. To torment ; to 
murder ; to destroy. Chaucer. 
MA'RTYRDOM, mar'-tfir-dum. 166./?. s. The death 
of a martyr ; the honour of a martyr ; testimony 
borne to truth by voluntary submission to death. 
Hooker. 
To MA'RTYRIZE*, mar'-tfir-lze. v. a. [martyriser, 

Fn] To offer as a sacrifice. Spenser. 
MA'RTYROLOGE*, mar'-tfir-6-l6je. n. s. [fidprvp 
and ^oyos.] A catalogue or register of martyrs. 
Bp. Hall 
MARTYROLO'GICAL*, mar-tfir-6-lodje'-e-kal. a. 

Registering as in a marlyrology. Osborne. 
MARTYRO'LOGTST,mar-tfir-r&l'-l6-jist. n. *. A 

writer of martyrology. Warton. 
MARTYRO'LOGY, mar-tfir-6l'-l6-je. 518. n.s. A 

register of martyrs. Stilling fleet. 
MA'RVEL §, mar'-vel. 99. n.s. [merveille, Fr.] A 

wonder ; any thing astonishing. Hooker. 
MA'RVEL of Peru. n. s. A flower. Tate. 
To MA'RVEL, mar'-vel v. n. To wonder ; to be as- 
tonished. Shakspeare. 
MA'RVELLOUS, mar'-vel-l&s. a. Wonderful ; 
strange ; astonishing. Psalms. Surpassing credit. 
Pope. — The marvellous is used, in works of criti- 
cism, to express any thing exceeding natural pow- 
er, opposed to the probable. Formerly used adver- 
bially for exceedingly, wonderfully. Psalm xxxi. 
MA'RVELLOUSLY, mar'-vel-lfis-le. ad. Wonder- 
fully ; strangely. Shakspeare. 
MA'RVELLOUSNESS, mar'-vel-lfis-nSs. n. s. 

Wonderfulness ; strangeness ; aslonishingness. 
MA'RY-BUD*, ma'-re-bfid. n. s. The marigold. 

Shakspeare. 
MA'SCLE*, mas'-kl. n.s. An heraldick figure; a 

lozenge as it were perforated. 
To MA'SCULATE*, mas'-ku-late. v. a. [masculus, 

Lat.] To make strong. Cockeram. 
MA'SCULINE §, mas'-ku-lm. 150. a. [mascuiin, Fr.] 
Male ; not female. Milton. Resembling man ; 
• virile ; not soft ; not effeminate. Wotton. [fn gram- 
mar.] It denotes the gender appropriated to the 
male kind in any word. Lowth. 
MA'SCULINELY^ mas'-ku-lfn-le. ad. Like a man. 

B. Jonson. 
MA'SCULINENESS, mas'-kfi-lin-ngs. n.s. Man- 

nishness ; male figure or behaviour. 
MASH§, mash. n.s. [masche, Dutch.] The space be- 
tween the threads of a net, commonly written mesh. 
Mortimer. Any thing mingled or beaten together 
into an undistinguished, or confused body, jmtschen, 
Dutch ; or mascher, Fr.] B, Jonson. A mixture for 
a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
To MASH, mash. v. a. [mascher, Fr.] To beat into a 
confused mass. More. To mix malt and water to- 
gether in brewing. Mortimer, 
MA'SHY*, mashQ. «. Produced by crushing, or 

pressure. Thomson. 
MASK§, mask. 79. n.s. [masque, Fr.] A cover to dis- 
guise the face ; a visor. Sidney. Any pretence or 
subterfuge. Priar. A festive entertainment, in 
586 



MAS 



MAS 



— n6, move, n6r, n6t;— tube, tub, bull;— 611;— p6find;—tfiin, this. 



which the company is masked. Slia/c. A revel ; a 
piece of mummery. Daniel A drumatick per- 
formance, written in a tragick style, without atten- 
tion to rules or probability. Peach, an. 
To MASK, mask. v. a. [masquer, Fr.] To dteguise 
with a mask or visor. Hooker. To cover; to hide. 
Sliakspeare. 

To MASK, mask. v. n. To revel ; to play the mum- 
mer. Sliakspeare. To be disguised any way. Mir- 
ror for 3Iagistrates. 

MASKER, mask'-fir. 98. n. s. One who revels in a 
mask ; a mummer. Bacon. 

MASKERY*, mask'-ur-e. n.s. The dress or disguise 
of a masker. Marston. 

MASKHOUSE*, mask'-house. n. s. Place where 
masks are performed. Bp. Hall. 

MA'SLIN, masMln. a. [masteluyn, Teut.] Composed 
of various kinds 3 as, maslin bread, made of wheat 
and rye. 

MASON §, ma'-s'n. 170. n.s. [macon, Fr.] A builder 
with stone. Wotton. One of a society bearing the 
epithet offree and accepted. Ld. Halifax. 

MASONICK*, ma-son'-ik. a. Relating to the socie- 
ty of freemasons. 

MASONRY, ma'-s'n-re. n. s. [inaqorterie, Fr.] The 
craft or performance of a mason. Sliakspeare. 

MA'SORAH*, mas'-o-ra. n. s. [Hebrew.] In the 
Jewish theology, a work on the Bible by several 
learned rabbins. MatJier. 

MASORE'TICAL* mas-6-reY-e-kal. a. Belonging 
to the Masorah ; denoting the labour of those who 
composed that work. Mather. 

MASORITE*, mas'-6-rlte. n. s. One of those who 
composed the Masorah. Mather. 

MASQUERA'DE §, mas-kur-rade'. n. s. [mascherata, 
Ital.] A diversion in which the company is mask- 
ed; a piece of mummery. Harmar. A kind of 
Spanish diversion on horseback. Ld. Clarendon. 
Disguise. Di-yden. 

To MASQUER A'DE, mas-k&r-rade'. v. n. To go 
in disguise. L' Estrange. To assemble in masks. 
Swift. 

To MASQUERA'DE*, mas-k&r-rfole'. v. a. To put 
into disguise. Killingbeck. 

MASQUERA'DER, mas-kur-ra'-dor. 415. n. s. A 
person in a mask ; a buffoon. Bp. Nicolson. 

$5" This word ought, to have been added to the catalogue 
of exceptions. — See Principles, No. 415. W. 

MASS§, mas. 79. n. s. [masse, Fr. ; massa, Lat.] A 
body ; a lump ; a continuous quantity. Newton. A 
large quantity. Darks. Bulk ; vast body. Abbot. 
Congeries ; assemblage indistinct. Dryden. Gross 
body ; the general. Bacon, [missa, Lat. ; ma?p]*e, 
Sax.] The service of the Romish church at the cel- 
ebration of the eucharist : at first used for the dis- 
mission or sending away the people, either before 
or after the communion. Wheaily. A festival. 
[maerre, Sax.] See Lammas. Retained also in 
Candlemas, Michaelmas, and Martinmas. 

To MASS, mas. v. n. To celebrate mass. Bale. 

To MASS, mas. v. a. To thicken ; to strengthen. 
Hayicard. 

MASSACRE 1 §, m&s'-sa-k&r. 416. n. s. [Fr.] Butch- 
ery ; indiscriminate destruction. Milton. Murder. 
Sliakspeare. 

To MASSACRE, mas'-sa-kur. v. a. [massacrer, Fr.] 
To butcher ; to slaughter indiscriminately. Shale. 

MA'SSACRER*, mas'-sa-kr&r. n. s. One who com- 
mits butchery. Burke. 

MASSER*, mas'-sSr. n. s. A priest who celebrates 
mass. Bale. Ob. T. 

MASSETER*, mas'-se-tur. n.s. [masseler, Fr. ; 
jiaaado/xai, Gr.] A muscle of the lower jaw. S7nif.I1. 

MA'SSICOT, mas'-se-kot. n.s. [Fr.] Ceruse calcin- 
ed by a moderate degree of fire. Trevoux. 

MASSINESS,mas'-se-nes. ) n. s. Weight; 

MA'SSIVENESS, mas'-slv-nes. J bulk; ponder- 
ousness. Hakewill. 

MISSIVES, mas'-siv. 158. ?a.[mas«/,Fr.] Heavy j 

MASSY §, mas'-se. ) weighty; ponderous; 

bulky; continuous. Shakspeare. 

MAST§, mast. 78, 79. n. s. [mast, mdt, Fr. ; msej-t, 



Sax.] The beam or post raised above the vessel, to 
which the sail is fixed. Dryden. [msepte, Sax.] 
The fruit of the oak and beech. It has in this sense 
no plural termination. Bacon. 

MASTED, miist'-eU a. Furnished with masts. 

MASTERS, ma'-st&r. 7G, 98. n. s. [magister, Lat. ; 
meeptep, Sax.] One who has servants : opposed to 
mam or servant. Sliak. A director ; a governour. 
Ecclns. xxxii. Owner ; proprietor. Dryden. A 
lord ; a ruler. Guardian. Chief; head. Shale. 
Possessor. Addison. Commander of a trading 
shin. Ascham. One uncontrolled. Shak. A com- 
pellation of respect, formerly ; but now generally 
applied to an inferiour. Shak. A young gentle- 
man. Dryden. One who teaches ; a teacher. B. 
Jonson. A man eminently skilful in practice or 
science. Davies. A title of dignity in the universi- 
ties ; as, master of arts. An official title in the law : 
as, master of the rolls ; a master in chancery. 

QCf When this word is only a compellation of civility, as 
Mr. Locke, Mr. Boyle, &c, the a is sunk, and an i sub- 
stituted in its stead, as if the word were written mister, 
rhyming with sister Any attempt to approach to the 
sound of a, by pronouncing it mester,. or muster, ought 
to be carefully avoided. W. ' 

To MASTER, ma'-stur. 98, 418. v. a. To be a 
master ; to rule ; to govern. Shak. To conquer ; 
to overpower. Shak. To execute, with skill. Ba- 
con. 

To MASTER*, ma'-stur. v.n. To excel in any 
thing ; to be skilful in practice or science. B. Jon- 
son. 

MASTER-HAND, ma'-stur-hand. n.s. The hand of 
a man eminently skilful. Pope. 

MASTER-JEST, ma'-stur-jest. n. s. Principal jest. 
Hudibrus. 

MASTER-KEY, ma'-stur-ke. n. s. The key which 
opens many locks, of which the subordinate keys 
open each only one. Dryden. 

MASTER-SINEW, ma'-stur-sm'-nu. n. s. A large 
sinew that surrounds the hough of a horse, and di- 
vides it from the bone by a hollow place. Farrier's 
Diet. 

MASTER-STRING, ma'-stur-strlng. n. s. Principal 
string. Rowe. 

MASTER-STROKE, ma'-stur-stroke. n. s. Capital 
performance. Blackmore. 

MASTER-TEETH, ma'-stfir-teeft. n. s. The prin- 
cipal teeth. Bacon. 

MASTER-TOUCH*, ma'-stur-tutsh. n. s. Capital or 
principal performance. Toiler. 

MASTER-WORK*, ma'-stur-wurk. n. s 
performance. Thomson. 

MASTERDOM, ma'-stur-dum. 166. n. s. [mse$ r 
fcepbom, Sax.] Dominion ; rule. Shak. Ob. J. 

MASTERFUL*, ma'-stur-f ul. a. Imperious ; using 
the authority and power of a tyrant, lord, or mas- 
ter. Chaucer. Having the skill of a master; artful. 
Milton. 

MA'STERLESS, ma'-stur-les. a. Wanting a master 
or owner. Spenser. Ungoverned ; unsubdued. 

MASTERLINESS, ma'-stur-le-nes. n.s. Eminent 
skill. 

MASTERLY, ma'-stur-le. ad. With the skill of a 
master. Shakspeare.' 

MASTERLY, ma'-stfir-le. a. Suitable to a master ; 
' artful ; skilful. Dryden. Imperious ; with the sway 
of a master. 

MASTERPIECE, ma'-stfir-pese. n.s. Capital per 
formance ; any thing done or made with extraordi- 
nary skill. Davies. Chief excellence. Clarendon. 

MASTERSHIP, ma'-stur-ship. n. s. Dominion ; 
rule ; power. Superiority ; pre-eminence. Dry- 
den. Chief work. Dryden. Skill ; knowledge. 
Shak. A title of ironical respect. Shak. Head- 
ship of a college or hospital. Milton. 

MASTERWOFT, ma'-stur-wurt. n.s. [master, and 
pipte. Sax.] A plant. Mortimer. 

MASTERY, ma'-stur-e. n. s. Dominion ; rule. Ra- 
leigh. Superiority ; pre-eminence. 2 Tim. ii. 
Skill ; dexterity. Milton. Attainment of skill 01 
power. Locke. 

587 



Principal 



MAT 



MAT 



(Cr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, p?n : 



MA'STFUL, mast'-ful. a. Abounding- in mast, or 

fruit of oak, beech, or chestnut. Dry den. 
MASTICATION $,mas-te-ka'-shun. n. s. [mastica- 

tio, Lat.] The act of chewing-. Ray. 
MA'STICATORY, mas'-te-ka-t&r-e. 512. [See Do- 
mestick.] n. s. A medicine to be chewed only, not 
swallowed. Bacon. 
MA'STICH, ) * , ,,. o r o < n.s. [mastic, Fr.] The 
MA/STICK^ \ mas " 0k ' I lentisck tree. Sir T. 

Herbert. A kind of gum gathered from trees of the 
same name. Sir T. Herbert. A kind of mortar or 
cement. Addison. 
MA'STICOT. See Massicot. Dry den. 
MA'STIFF, mas'-tlf. n. 's. mastives, plural, [mastin, 
Fr.] A dog of the largest size ; a ban-dog ; dog- 
kept to watch the house. Spenser. 
MA'STLESS, mast'-les. a. Having- no mast. Soli- 
man and Perseda. Bearing no mast. Dryden. 
MASTLIN, mes'-lin. n. s. [mi r tlic, Sax. See 
Meson, and Mislin.] Mixed corn ; as wheat and 
rye. Tusser. Mixed metal. Brewer. 
MA ; STRESS*, ma'-stres. n.s. [maistresse, Fr.] A 

mistress ; a governess. Chaucer. 
MA'STY*, mas'-te. a. Full of mast ; well stored with 

acorns. Ob. T. 
MAT§, mat. n. s. [meafcte, Sax.; rnatta, Lat.] A 

texture of sedge, flags, or rushes. jCarew. 
To MAT, mat. v. a. To cover with mats. Evelyn. 

To twist together ; to join like a mat. Drayton. 
MA'TACHIN, mat'-a-shin. n. s. [Fr.] An old dance. 

Sidney. 
MATADORE, mat-a-dore'. n. s. [matador, Span.] 
One of the three principal cards in the games of 
ombre and quadrille. Pope. 
MATCH §, matsh. 352. n. s. [meche, Fr.] Any thing 
that catches fire, generally a card, rope, or smafl 
chip of wood dipped in melted sulphur. Bacon. 
MATCH, matsh. n. s. [maca, Sax.] One equal to 
another ; one able to contest with another. Addi- 
son. One that suits or tallies with another. A 
marriage. Shak. One to be married. Clarendon. 
A contest ; a game 5 any thing in which there is 
contest or opposition. Shalcspeure. 
To MATCH, matsh. v. a. To be equal to. Shale. To 
show an equal. South. To oppose as equal. Mil- 
ton. To suit ; to proportion. Rowe. To marry ; to 
give in marriage. Shakspeare. 
To, MATCH, matsh. tun. To be married. Sidney. 
To suit ; to be proportionate ; to tally. 



equal, 
Spen- 



MATCHABLE^atsh'-a-bl. 405. a. Suitable; equal ; 
fit to be joined. Spenser. Correspondent. Wood- 
ward. 

MATCHLESS, matsh'-les. a. Having no 
Waller. Unequal; not matched ; not alike. 
ser. 

MATCHLESSLY, matshMes-le. ad. In a manner 
not to be equalled. 

MATCHLESSNESS, matsh'-lgs-nes. n. s. State of 
being without an equal. 

MATCHLOCK*, matsh'-l&k. n.s. The lock of the 
musket in former times, holding the mutch or piece 
of twisted rope, prepared to retain fire. 

MATCHMAKER, matsh'-ma-kur. n. s. One who 
contrives marriages. Hudibras. One who makes 
matches to burn. 

MATE §, mate. 77. n. s. [maca, Sax. ; mad', Dutch.] 
A husband or wife. Spenser. A companion, male 
or female. Shak. The male or female of animals. 
Milton. One that sails in the same ship. Roscom- 
mon. One that eats at the same table. The sec- 
ond in subordination in a ship; as, the master's 
mate ; the chirurgeon's male, [mat, Fr.] At the game 
of chess, the term used when the king is reduced 
to such a pass that there is no way for him to es- 
cape. Bacon. 

To MATE, mate. v. a. To match ; to marry. Spen- 
ser. To be equal to. Dryden To oppose; to 
equal Shak. [mater, Fr. ; malar, Span.] To sub- 
due ; to confound ; to crush. Bacon. 

MATELESS*, mate'-lgs. a. Without a companion ; 
wanting a mate. Peacham. 

MATERIAL $, ma-te'-re-al. 505. a. [materiel, Fr.] 



Consisting of matter ; corporeal 3 not spiritual. Da- 
vies. Important; momentous; essential. Hooker. 
Not formal : as, Though the material action was the 
same, it was formally different. 
MATERIALS, ma-te'-re-alz. n. s. [scarcely used 
in the singular; materiaux, Fr.] The substance of 
which any thing is made. Raleigh. 
MATERIALISM*, ma-te'-re-aMzm. n. s. The 

opinions of a materialist. Gray. 
MATERIALIST, ma-te'-re-aMst. n. s. One who 

denies spiritual substances. Dryden. 
MATERIALITY, ma-te-re-al'-e-te. n. s. Corporei 

ty ; material existence; not spirituality. Digby. 
To MATERIALIZE*, ma-te'-re-al-lze. v. a. To 

form into matter or substance. Toiler. 
MATERIALLY, ma-te'-re-al-e. ad. In a state of 
matter. Boyle. Not formally. South. Important- 
ly; essentially. Spenser. 
fllATERIALNESS, ma-te'-re-al -nes. n. s. State of 

being material. Importance. State Tr. 
MATERIATE, ma-te'-re-ate. ) a. [materiatus, 
MATERIATED, ma-te'-re-a-ted. \ Lat.] Consist- 
ing of matter. Bacon. 
MATERIATION, ma-te-re-a'-shun. n.s. The act 

of forming matter. Brown. 
MATERNAL §, ma-teV-nal. 88. a. [maternus, Lat.] 
Motherly; befitting or pertaining to a mother. Dry- 
den. 
MATERNITY, ma-ter'-ne-te. n. s. The character 

or relation of a mother. Bullokar. 
MAT-FELON, mat'-fel-un. n. s. [matter and felon.] 

A species of knap-weed growing wild. 
MATH*, ma//!, n. s. [mseS, Sax.] A mowing. Used 

in composition; as, aftermath, tattermath. 
MATHEMATICAL §, maM-e-mat'-e-kal. 509. ? 
MATHEMATICS, ma*A-e-mat-tik. 5 a " 

[mathematicus, Lat.] Considered according to the 
doctrine of the mathematicians. Boyle. 
MATHEMATICALLY, ma^-e-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. 
According to the laws of the mathematical sciences. 
Bent ley. 
MATHEMATICIAN, ma^-e-ma-tfsh'-an. n.s. A 

man versed in the mathematicks. Addison. 
MATHEMAT1CKS, matfi-e-maf-tlks. n. s. [paO- 
rjnariK)).] That science which contemplates what- 
ever is capable of being numbered or measured. 
Harris. 
MATHER*. See Madder. 
MATHES, mkh'4z. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
MATHESIS, mik/je'-sk 520. n. s. {jidOtjcis.} The 

doctrine of mathematicks. Pope. 
MATIN §, mat'-tm. a. [matine, Fr.] Morning; used 

in the morning. Milton. 
MATIN, mat' -tin. n.s. Morning. Shakspeare. 
MATINS, mat'-tlnz. n. s. [matines, Fr.] Morning 

worship. Stilling fleet. 
MATRASS, mat'-ras. n. s., [Fr.] A chymical glass 
vessel made for digestion or distillation, sometimes 
bellied, and sometimes rising gradually tapered 
into a conical figure. Eveh/n. 
MATRICE, ma'-trk 140, 142. n. s. [Fr.; matrix, 
Lat.] The womb ; the cavity where the foetus is 
formed. Bacon. A mould; that which gives form 
to something enclosed. Abp. Usher. 
§£3= When this word signifies the mould in which letters 

are cast, it is called by the founders a mattris. W. 
MATRICIDE, mat'-tre-slde. 143. n.s. [matricidium 
Lat.] Slaughter of a mother. Brown. A mother- 
killer. Airisivorth. 
To MATRFCULATE §,ma-tr?k;-u-late. v. a. [ma- 
tricula, Lat.] To enter or admit to a membership 
of the universities of England ; to enlist. Walton. 
MATRFCULATE, ma-trhV-u-late. 91. n. s. A man 

matriculated. Arbuthnot. 
MATRFCULATE*, ma-truV-u-late. a. Admitted 
into, or enrolled in, any society, by setting down 
the name. Skelton. 
MATRICULATION, ma-tr?k-ku-la'-shun. n. s. The 

act of matriculating. Ayliffe. 
MATRIMONIAL, mat-tr£m6'-ne-al. 88. a. Suita- 
ble to marriage ; pertaining to marriage ; connu- 
bial ; nuptial ; hymeneal. Bacon. 
588 



MAT 



MAU 



— 116, m&ve, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 651 ;— p6find ;— */iin, THis. 



MATRIMONIALLY, mat-tre-md'-ne-nl-e. ad. Ac- 
cording- to the manner or laws of marriage. AyUffe. 

MATRlMO'NlOUS*. mat-tre-m6'-ne-fis. u. Pertain- 
ing *o marriage. Milton. Ob. T. 

MATRIMONY y , raat'-tre-m&n-e. n. s. [matrimoni- 
um. Lat.] Marriage ; the nuptial state; the contract 
of man and wife ; nuptials. Common Pnn/er. 

55= For the 0, see Domestic*. For the accent, see 
Academt. W 

MA' TR1X, nuV-triks. n. s. [Lat. ; mairicc, Fr.] 
Womb ; a place where any thing is generated or 
formed ; matrice. Brown. 

MA'TRON y , mi'-trun. n. s. [matrona, Lat.] A wife, 
simply. Comm. Pr. An elderly lady. Shak. An 
old woman. Pope. A term for a nurse in hospitals. 

MA'TRONAL, mat'-ro-nal, or ma-tro'-aal. «. [Fr.] 
Suitable to a matron ; constituting a matron. Bacon. 

§£f' I have excluded Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation, which 
makes the two first syllables of this word exactly like 
matron, because the word is a primitive in our lan- 
guage, derived from the Latin matronalis, and, there- 
tore, according to English analogy, when reduced to 
three syllables, ought to have the accent on the antepe- 
nultimate, (see Academy ;) and this accent has, in sim- 
ples, always a shortening power. 503, 535. The second 
pronunciation, though not so strictly agreeable to anal- 
ogy as the first, is still preferable to Mr. Sheridan's. 
Matronish and matronly ought to have the first vowel 
and the accent as in matron, because they are com- 
pounds of our own ; but we do not subjoin al to words, 
as we do ish and ly, and therefore words of that ter- 
mination are under a different predicament. Something 
like this seems to have struck Mr. Sheridan and Dr. 
Johnson when they accented the word patronal : for 
though this word is exactly of the same form, and is 
perfectly similar in the quantity of the Latin vowels, 
we find matronal marked with the accent upon the first 
syllable, and patronal on the second. From Dr. John- 
son's accentuation we cannot collect the quantity of the 
vowel ; his authority, therefore, in the word in question, 
is only for the accent on the first syllable. To him may 
be added, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Entick, who ac- 
cent and sound the a as Mr. Sheridan has done. Dr. 
Ash, alone, seems to favour the pronunciation I have 
given. W. 

To MA'TRONIZE*, mat'-r6-nlzc. or ma'-tr&n-ize. 
v. a. To render matronlike, or sedate. Richardson. 

MA'TRONLIKE* ma'-trun-Hke. a. Becoming a 
wife or matron. Sir J. Harrington. 

MATRONLY, ma'-trfin-le. [See Matronal.] a. 
Grave; serious; becoming a wife or matron. Bp. 
Taylor. 

MATRO'SS, ma-tros'. n.s. Matrosses, in the train of 
artillery, are a sort of soldiers next in degree under 
the gunners, who assist about the guns in travers- 
ing, spunging, firing, and loading them. Bailey. 

MA'TTER y , inat'-t&r. 98. . n. s. [matiere, Fr. ; nvite- 
ria, Lat.] Body; substance extended. Dames. Ma- 
terials ; that of which any thing is composed. Bacon. 
Subject ; thing treated. Hooker. The whole ; the 
very thing supposed. TiUotson. Affair; business. 
Bacon. Cause of disturbance. Shak. Subject of 
suit or complaint. Acts, xix. Import ; consequence ; 
importance; moment. Shak. Thing; object; that 
which has some particular relation. Sidney. Ques- 
tion considered. South. Space or quantity nearly 
computed. Congreve. Purulent running ; that 
which is formed by suppuration. Wiseman. — Upon 
the matter. Considering the whole ; with respect to 
the main ; nearly. Bacon. 

MATTER-OF-FACT Man*, n. s. A term of modern 
times for a grave and precise narrator, remarker, 
or inquirer; one who sticks to the matter of any 
fact. Graves. 

To MA'TTER, mat'-tur. v. n. To be of importance ; 
to import. B. Jouson. To generate matter by sup- 
puration. Sidney. 

To MA'TTER, mat'-tar. v. a. To regard; not to 
neglect. Bramslon. 

MA'TTERLESS*, mat'-tfir-les. a. Void of matter. 
B. Jonson. 

MA'TTER Y, mat'-tfir-e. a. Important; full of mat- 
ter. B. Jonson. Purulent ; generating matter. Har- 
vey. 



MA'TTOCK, mat'-tak. 1G6. n. s. [mattuc, Sax.] 
An instrument of husbandry, used in digging; a 
kind of pickaxe, having the ends of the iron part 
broad, instead of pointed. Shakspeare. 

MATTRASS, mat'-tris. 99. n. s. [matras, Fr.; mat- 
trass, Welsh.] A kind of quilt made to lie uoon. 
Howell. 

To MATURATE ,*, matsh'-u-rate. 91. v. a. [ma- 
turatus, Lat., from maturo.] To ripen; to bring to 
perfection. Bp. Berkeley. * 

To MA'TURATEf, matsh'-n-rate. 461. v. n. To 

frow ripe. 
TURA'TION, matsh-u-ra'-shan. n. s. The state 
of growing ripe. Baton. The Act of ripening. 
Sir W. Petty. The suppuration of excremenli- 
tious or extravasaled juices into matter. Qirincy. 

MA/TURATIVE, malsb'-u-ra-t?v. 463. [mdtsh'-u- 
ra-tiv, Jones ; ma-uV-ra-tiv, Slieridan and Perry.'] 
a. Ripening ; conducive to ripeness. Brown. Con- 
ducive to the suppuration of a sore. Wiseman. 

MATU'RE §, ma-ture'. [See Futurity.] a. [rna- 
iurus, Lat.] Ripe ; perfected by time. Addison. 
Brought near to completion. Shak. Well-disposed ; 
fit for execution; well-digested. 

To MATU'RE, ma-ture'. v. a. To ripen; to advance 
to ripeness. Bacon. To advance towards perfec- 
tion. Pope. 

To MATU'RE* ma-ture'. p. n. To become ripe 
Napleton. 

MATU'RELY, ma-ture'-le. ad. Ripely; completely. 
With counsel well digested. Sir T. Elyot. Early ; 
soon. Bent-ley. 

MATU'RITY, ma-tu'-re-te. n. .«, [maturitas, Lat.] 
Ripeness ; completion. Sir T. Elyot. 

MA'TUTINAL*, matsh'-u-te-nal. )a. [matutinus, 

MA'TUTINE*, matsh'-u-tln. $ Lat.] Relat- 

ing to the morning. Sir T. Herbert. 

MA'UDLIN, mawd'-lln. a. [the corrupt appellation of 
Magdalen, who is drawn by painters with swoln eyes, 
and disordered look.] Drunk; fuddled. Southerne. 

MA'UDLIN, mawd'-lm. n.s, A plant. Miller. 

MA'UGRE, maw'-gur. 416. ad. \malgre', Fr.] In 
spite of; notwithstanding. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

MA'UKIN*, maw'-kin. n. s. [See Malkin.] A dish- 
clout ; a drag to sweep an oven. In some parts of 
England, a scarecrow ; a figure made up of clouts 
or patches : hence a coarse or dirty wench ; called 
also, vulgarly, a maivks. Burton. 

MAULy, mawl. n.s. [malleus, Lat.] A heavy ham- 
mer : commonly written mall. Proverbs, xxv. 

To MAUL, mawl. v. a. To beat; to bruise; to hurl 
in a coarse or butcherly manner. Burton. 

MAUL-STICK*, mawl'-stik. n. s. [mahlen, Germ. ; 
maela, Su. Goth.] The stick by which paintera 
keep their hand steady in working. 

MAUNCH*, mansh. n.s. [See Manche.] A sort of 
loose sleeve. Sir T. Herbert. 

MAUND, mand. 214. n. s. [manb, Sax.] A hand- 
basket. Shakspeare. 

{v^r Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Perry give the sonnd of a in 
all to this word. Dr. Kenrick gives both the a in hard 
and Miat in all, but prefers the first. — See Taunt. W. 

To MAUND y *,mand. v. n. [maundier,Fr.] To mut- 
ter, as beggars do ; to mumble ; to use unintelligible 
terms. B. Jonson. 

To MA'UNDER, man'-dur. 214. v.n. [See To 
Maund.] To grumble ; to murmur. Wiseman. To 
beg. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

9$= Mr. Sheridan, Buchanan, W. Johnston, and Mr. Per 
ry, pronounce the diphthong in this word as in maund , 
but Mr. Nares and Mr. Elphinston, whose opinion, in 
this point, is of the greatest weight, pronounce it as I 
have marked it. — See Taunt. W. 

MA'UNDER*, man'-dur. n. s. A beggar. Broome. 

MA'UNDERER, min'-dur-ur. n.s. A murmurer; a 
grumbler. 

MA'UNDZRING*, mln'-ctur-fng. n. s. Complaint. 
South. 

MAUNDY-THURSDAY, mW-de, or man'-dk 
tfiorz'-de. 214. n. s. [derived by Spelman from 
mande, a handbasket, in which the king was accus- 
tomed to give alms to the poor; by others from dies 
mandative day on which our Saviour gave his 
589 



MAY 



MEA 



O" 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, meH ;— pine, pin ;— 



great mandate, that we should love one another.] | 
The Thursday before Good Friday. Wheatley. 

MAUSOLE'AN*, maw-s6-le'-an. a. Monumental. 
Burton. 

MAUSOLE>UM,n&w-s6-W-bm.503. n.s. [Lat.] 
[a name first given to a stately monument erected 
to Mausolus, king of Caria.] A pompous funeral 
monument. Dryden. 

MA'UTHER*, maw'*, n. s. [mawi, Goth.J A 
foolish young girl. B. Jonson. 

MA'VIS, ma'-vls. n. s. [mauvis, Fr.] A thrush, or 
bird like a thrush. Spenser. 

MAW §, maw. n. s. [ma^a, Sax.] The stomach of 
animals. Bp. Hall. The craw of birds. Arbuihnot. 
An old game at cards. Sir A. Weldon. 

MAWK*, mawk, n. s. [matte, Su. Goth.] A maggot. 
Grose. A slattern. See Maukin. 

MA'WKIN*. See Maukin. 

MA'WKINGLY*, maw'-king-le. a. Slatternly. Bp. 
Taylor. 

MA'WKISH, maV-kish. a. [perhaps from maw.] 
Apt to give satiety ; apt to cause loathing. Dryden. 

MA%K1SHNESS, maw'-kfsh-nes. n. s. Aptness to 
cause loathing. 

MA'WKY*, maw'-ke. a. Maggotty ; full of maggots. 
Grose. 

MA'WMET, maw'-m^t. n. s. [a corruption of Ma- 
homet.] A puppet ; anciently, an idol. Wiclife. 

MA'WMETRY*, maw'-me-tre. n.s. The religion of 
Mahomet 5 and thence employed for idolatry. 
Chaucer, Ob. T. 

MA'WMISH, maw'-mlsh. a. [apparently from maw.] 
Provoking disgust; nauseous. V Estrange. 

MAW-WORM, maw'-wfirm, n. s. Stomach worm. 
Harvey. 

MA'XILAR, mag-zilMar. 478. ) a. [maxillaris, 

MA'XILAR Y, maks'-U-lar-e. 477. > Lat.] Belong- 
ing to the jaw-bone. Bacon. 

Q£jF There is a diversity in the pronunciation of this word, 
which makes it necessary to recur to principles to de- 
cide which is best. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
JNares, and Mr. Barclay, accent it on the first syllable ; 
and Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Bailey, and En- 
tick, on the second : and, notwithstanding this majority, I 
am of opinion that the first manner is right. For, though 
maxillary and the other similar words of this termina- 
tion a*e of the same number of syllables with the Latin 
words from which they are derived, as maxillaris, ca- 
pillars, &c. 503, (e) ; yet, as our language has an aver- 
sion to the accent on the a in these terminations which 
have the accent in the Latin words, 512, it seems agree- 
able to our own analogy to place the stress on that syl- 
lable to which we give a secondary stress in the origin- 
al word, and that is the first. — See Academy and 

MiMHILLARY. W. 

MA'XIM, maks'-lm. n. s. \_maxime_, Fr. ; maximum, 
Lat.] An axiom ; a general principle ; a leading 
truth. Bacon, 
MA'XJMUM*, maks'-e-mUm. n. s. [Lat.] [In malh- 
ematicks.] The greatest quantity attainable in 
any given case : opposed to minimum. Colqulwun. 
MAY 4, ma. auxiliary verb, preterit might, [ma^an, 
Sax.] To be at liberty ; to be permitted ; to be al- 
lowed : as, You may do for me all you can. Locke. 
To be possible : in the words may be. Sluik. To 
be by chance : as, be the workmen what they may 
be. Bacon. To have power : as, what the king 
may do. Bacon. A word expressing desire : as, 
May you live happily. Dnjden. Formerly used 
for can. Spenser. 

MAY -be, ma'-be. 4 ) ad. Perhaps ; it may be that ; 

MAY-liap*, ma-hap. S it may happen. Spenser. 

MAYS, ma. n. s. [Mains, Lat.] The fifth month of 
the year ; the confine of spring and summer. Mil- 
ton. The early or gay part of life. Sidney. A 
virgin ; a maid ; a young woman, [mawi, Goth. ; 
mai, may, Sax.] Chaucer. 

To MAY, ma. v.n. To gather flowers on May morn- 
ing. Sidney. 

MAY-BLOOM*, ma'-bl66m. n. s. The hawthorn. 

MAY-B TT G, m^-bug. n.s. A chafer. Ainsworth. 

MAY-DAY, ma/-da'. n. s. The first of May. Shak. 

MAY-FLOWER, ma'-fldur. n.s. A plant. Bacon. 

MAY-FLY, ma'-fll. n.s. An insect. Walton. 



To bewilder; to confuse. 



MAY-GAME, ma'-game. n. s. Diversion; sport 
such as are used on the first of May. Bacon. 

MAY-LADY*, ma'-la-de. n. s. The queen or lady 
of the May, in the old May -games. Dryden. 

MAY-LILY, ma'-lfl-le. n. s. The same with lily of 
the valley. 

MAY-POLE, ma/-p6le. n. s. Pole to be danced round 
in May. Pope. 

MAY-WEED, rmV-weed. n.s. A species of camo 
mile, which grows wild. Miller. 

MA'YHEM*. n. s. An old law term ; the act of maim 
ing. See To Maim. 

MA'YOIU, ma'-ur. 418. n. s. [maieur, old Fr. ; ma- 
jor, Lat.] The chief magistrate of a corporation, 
who, in London and York, is called Lord Mayor. 
Shakspeare. 

MAYORALTY, ma'-ur-al-te. n. s. The office of a 
mayor. Carew. 

95= This word is subject to the same corrupt pronuncia- 
tion as admiralty ; that is, as if it were written mayor 
altry. W. 

MAYORESS, ma'-ur-Ss. n. s. The wife of th'e'may 
or. Taller. 

MA'ZARD §, maz'-zurd. 88. n. s. [masclioire, Fr.] A 
jaw. Slw.kspeare. 

To MA'ZARD*, maz'-zurd. v. a. To knock on the 
head. B. Jonson. ^ 

MAZE §, maze. n. s. [maye, Saxon, a whirlpool.] A 
labyrinth ; a place of perplexity and winding pas- 
sages. Milton. Confusion of thought; uncertainty ; 
perplexity. Sidney. 

To MAZE, maze. v. 
Gower. 

To MAZE*, maze. v. n. To be bewildered ; to be 
confounded. Cluxucer. Ob. T. 

MA'ZEDNESS*, ma'-z£d-nes. n. s. Confusion; 
astonishment. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

MA'ZER, ma/-zur. n. s. [maeser, Dutch.] A maple 
cup. Spenser. 

MA'ZY, ma'-ze. a. Perplexed with windings 5 con 
fused. Spenser. 

M. D. Medicinaz doctor, doctor of physick. 

ME, me. The oblique case of I. Pope. 

ME'ACOCK, me'-k&k. 227. n. s. [mes coq, Fr. ; or 
from meek.] An uxorious or effeminate man; a 
coward. Mirror for Magistrates. 

ME'ACOCK, me'-k6k. a. Tame; timorous; coward- 
ly. Shakspeccre. 

MEAD, mede. 227. n. s. [mebo, mebu, Sax.] A kind 
of drink made of water and honey. Bacon. 

MEAD S, mede. J n. s. [maeb, mse- 

ME'ADOW §, m&l'-do. 234, 515. $ bepe, Sax.] 
Ground somewhat watery, not ploughed, but cov- 
ered with grass and flowers ; pasture, or grass 
land, annuallv mown for hay. Tusser. 

MEADOW-SAFFRON, m&d'-d6-saf-f firm 417. n. s 
A plant. Miller. 

MEADOW-SWEET, m£d'-d6-sweet. n. s. A plant 

MEADOW-WORT*, med'-d6-wurt. n. s. A plant 
Drayton. 

ME'AGER§, me'-gfir. 227, 416. a. [maigre, Fr.; 
mae^ep, Sax.] Lean ; wanting flesh ; starved. 
Spenser. Poor ; hungry. Dryden. 

To ME'AGER, me'-gfir. v. a. To make lean. Rnottes. 

ME'AGERLY*, me'-gfir-le. ad. Poorly; barrenly. 
Sidney. 

ME'AGERNESS, me'-gfir-nes. n.s. Leanness; want 
of flesh. Hammond. Scantness; bareness. Bacon. 

MEAK, meek. n. s. A hook with a long handle 
Tusser. 

MEAL §, mele. 227. n. s. [msel, Sax.] The act of 
eating at a certain time. Ruth, ii. A repast ; the 
food eaten. Sluik. A part; a fragment. Bacon. 
[maelepe, Sax. ; meel, Dutch.] The flour or edibie 
part or corn. Wotton. 
To MEAL, mele. v. a. [meler, Fr.] To sprinkle; to 
mingle. Slmkspeare. 

ME'ALMAN, mele'-man. 88. n. s. One that deals in 
meal. 

ME'ALY, me'-le. a. Having the taste or soft insipidi- 
ty of meal ; having the qualities of meal. Arbuth 
not. Besprinkled, as with meal. Brown. 
590 



MEA 








MEC 


— n6, move, 


ndr, not ; 


-tube, tab, bull 5— 611 


— pound 


, — thin, THis. 



MEALY-MOUTHED, me'-le-mduTHd. a. [original- 
ly, mealmouthed.] Using soft words, concealing the 
real intention ; speaking hypocritically. Overturn. 
MEALY-MOUTHEDNESSr meMe-mduTH'-ed- 

ne*s. n.s. Hypocrisy in speaking. 
MEAN §,mene. 227. a. [maene, Sax.] Wanting digni- 
ty ; of low rank or birth. Sidney. Low-minded ; 
base; ungenerous; spiritless. Shak. Contempti- 
ble ; despicable. Phillips. Low in the degree of any 
good quality; low in worth; low in power. Hooker, 
[m&yen, Fr.] Middle; moderate; without excess. 
Sidney. Intervening; intermediate. 1 Kings, xviii. 
MEAN % mene. n. s. [moyen, Fr.] Mediocrity ; mid- 
dle rate; medium. Spenser. Measure; regula- 
tion; the tenor part of a musical composition. 
Spenser. Bacon. Interval; interim; mean time. 
Spenser. Instrument ; measure ; that which is 
used in order to any end. Sidney. It is often used 
in the plural, and by some, not very grammatically, 
with an adjective singular : the singular is in this 
sense now rarely used. — [Thus remarks Dr. John- 
son. Mr. Todd adds: The use of the word means, 
in English, is remarkable, and may be thought 
capricious. It seems to be of French extraction. 
The French have le moyen frequently, but seldom les 
moyens. We, on the contrary, prefer the plural 
termination means ; yet still, for the most part, 
though not always, we use it as a noun of the sin- 
gular number, or as the French le moyen. It is one 
of those anomalies which use hath introduced and 
established, in spite of analogy. We should not be 
allowed to say — a mean of making men happy. 
Bp. Hurd, Notes on Addison, Freehold. No. 24.] 
— By all means. Without doubt; without "hesita- 
tion ; without fail. By no means. Not in any de- 
gree; not at all. Addison. Means are likewise 
used for revenue ; fortune ; probably from demesnes. 
Shak. Mean-time. Mean-while. In the interven- 
ing time. Milton. 
To MEAN, mene. v. n. [menan, Sax.] To have in 

the mind ; to purpose. Milton. To think. Pope. 
To MEAN, mene. v. a. To purpose; to intend; to 
design. Gen. 1. To intend; to hint covertly; to 
understand. Exod. xii. 
MEA'NDER§, me-an'-d&r. 98. n.s. [Meander is a 
river in Phrygia remarkable for its winding course.] 
Maze ; labyrinth ; flexuous passage ; serpentine 
winding ; winding course. Hale. 
To MEA'NDER*, me-an'-d&r. v. a. To wind ; to 

turn round ; to make flexuous. Draijton. 

To MEA'NDER*, me-an'-d&r. v. n. To run with a 

serpentine course; to be winding, or intricate 

Shenstone. 

MEA'NDRIAN*, me-an'-dre-an. ) a. Winding; flex 

MEANDRY*, me-an'-dre. \ «ous. Dean 

King. 
MEA'NDROUS, me-an'-drus. 314. a. Winding; 

flexuous. 
MEANING, me'-nlng. 410. n. s. Purpose ; intention. 
Sliak. Habitual intention. Roscommon. The sense ; 
the thing understood. Milton. Sense; power of 
thinking. Dryden. 
MEANLY, m£ne'-le. ad. Moderately; not in a great 
degree. Ascham. Without dignity ; poorly. Mil- 
ton. Without greatness of mind; ungenerously. 
Prior. Without respect. Watts. 
MEANNESS, mene'-ngs. n. s. Want of excellence. 
Hooker. Want of dignity; low rank; poverty. 
Waller. Lowness of mind. South. Sordidness; 
niggardliness. 
MEANT, mgnt. perf. and part. pass, of To mean. 
MEAR* n. s. See Mere. 
To MEAR*. v. a. See To Mere. 
MEASE, mese. n. s. [mass, German.] A measure. 

See Mess. 
MEASLE $, me'-zl. n. s. [mas, masel, Germ.] A lep- 
er. Wicliffe. In the plural, a critical eruption in 
a fever, wel. known in the common practice 
Quincy. A disease of swine. B. Jonson. A dis- 
ease of trees. Mortimer. 
MEASLED, me'-zld. 369. a. Infected with the 
measles 



MEASLEDNESS*,me'-zld-nes. n.s. Diseased state 
of swine. Cotgrave. 

ME'ASLY, me'-zle. a. Scabbed with the measles. 
Swill 

ME'ASURABLE, mezh'-ur-a-bl. a. Such as may be 
measured. Bentley. Moderate ; in small quantity. 
North. 

MEASURABLENESS, mezh'-ur-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Quality of admitting to be measured. , 

MEASURABLY, mezh'-ur-a-ble. ad. Moderately. 
Ecclus. xxxi. 

MEASURES, mezh'-ure. 234. n.s. [mesure, Fr.] 
That by which any thing is measured. Holder. The 
rule by which any thing is adjusted or proportioned. 
Bp. Taylor. Proportion; quantity settled. Hooker. 
A stated quantity : as, a measure of wine. Shak. 
Sufficient quantity. Shak. Allotment ; portion al- 
lotted. 2 Cor. x. Degree; quantity. Abbot. Propor- 
tionate time; musical time. Prior. Motion harmonic- 
ally regulated. Sfiak. A stately dance. Shak. Mod- 
eration; not excess. Isaiah, vi. Limit; boundary. 
Psal. xxxix. Any thing adjusted. Smalridge. 
Syllables metrically numbered; metre. Dryden. 
Tune; proportionate notes. Spenser. Mean of 
action ; mean to an end. Clarendon. — To lwve 
hard measure. To be hardly treated. 

To MEASURE, mezh'-ure. v. a. [mesurer, Fr.] To 
compute the quantity of any thing by some settled 
rule. Bacon. To pass through ; to judge of extent 
by marching over. Shak. To j udge of quantity, or 
extent, or greatness. Milton. To adjust ; to pro- 
portion. Bp. Taijlor. To mark out in stated quan- 
tities. Addison. To allot or distribute by measure. 
St. Matt. vi. 

MEASURELESS, mezh'-ur-lgs. a. Immense j im- 
measurable. Sliakspeare. 

MEASUREMENT, mezh'-ur-ment. n. s. Mensura- 
tion; act of measuring. Burke. 

MEASURER, mezh'-ur-ftr. 98. n. s. One that meas- 
ures. Howell. 

MEASURING, mezh'-ur-ing. a. It is applied to a 
cast not to be distinguished in its length from 
another but by measuring. Waller. 

MEAT§, mete. 246. n.s. pnsefce, Sax.] Flesh to be 
eaten. Gen. xlv. Food in general. Shakspeare. 

MEATED, me'-tSd. a. Fed; foddered. Tusser. 

MEATH, meme. n. s. [See MeadJ A drink like 
mead; or, probably, the same. Muton. Option j 
preference, [what one rnayeth.'] 

MEATY*, me'-te. a. Fleshy, but not fat. Grose. 
To ME AW*, mu. )v.n. [miaua, Icel. miauler 
To MEAWL*, mule. $ Fr.] To cry as a cat. 

ME AZLING, me'-zl-lng. part. Generally calledmic 
zling. Arbulhnot. 

MECHA'NICAL §, me-kan'-e-kal. ) a. [mechanicus, 

MECHA'NICKS, me-kan'-nftc. 509. $ Lat. from 
lirrxovn.] Constructed by the laws of mechanicks. 
Dryden. Skilled in mechanicks. Mean; servile; 
of mean occupation. Shakspeare 

MECHA'NICK, me-kan'-n?k. 353. n. s. A manufac- 
turer ; a low workman. Shakspeare. 
MECHA'NICKS, me-kan'-nlks. n. s. A mathemat- 
ical science, which shows the effects of powers or 
moving forces, so far as they are applied to en- 
gines, and demonstrates the laws of motion. Har- 

To MECHANIC ALIZE* me-kan'-ne-kil-lze. v. a. 
To render mean or low. Cotgrave. 

MECHANICALLY, me-kan'-ne-kal-e. ad. Accord- 
ing to the laws of mechanism. Ray. 

MECHA'NICALNESS, me-kan'-ne-kal-nSs. n. s. 
Agreeableness to the laws of mechanism. Mean- 
ness. Cotgrave. 

MECHANICIAN, mgk-a-nfsh'-an. n. s. [mechavi- 
cien, Fr.] A man professing or studying the con- 
struction of machines. Burton. 

ME'CHANISM, meV-a-nfzm. n.s. [mechanisme, Fr.] 
Action according to mechanick laws. Arbuthnot. 
Construction of parts depending upon each other in 
any complicated fabrick. 

ME'CHANIST*, mgk'-an-lst. n. s. A mechanician, 
Johnson. 

591 



MED 



MED 



O' 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n; 



ME'CHLIN*, meV-lto. a. The epithet given to lace 

made at Mechlin. Town Eclogues. 
MECHO'ACAN, me-tsh6'-a-kan. n. s. [from the place 
in Mexico.] A large root, which, in powder, is a 
gentle and mild purgative. Hill. 
MECONIUM, me-W-ne-fim. n. s. [uvkwiov.] Ex- 
pressed juice of poppy. The first excrement of 
children. Arbuthnot. 
MEDAL $, med'-dal. 88. n. s. [medaille, Fr.] An 
ancient coin. Addison. A piece stamped in honour 
of some remarkable performance. 
MEDA'LLICK, me-dalMlk. 509. a. Pertaining to 

medals. Addison. 
MEDA'LLION, me-dal'-yun. 113. n. s. [medaillon, 

Fr.] A large antique stamp or medal. Addison. 
MEDALLIST, med'-dal-fst. n. s. [medailliste, Fr.] 

A man skilled or curious in medals. Addison. 
To ME DDLE §, mgd'-dl. 4Q5. v. n. [middelen, Teut.] 
To have to do. Bacon. To interpose; to act in 
any thing. SJiakspeare. To interpose or intervene 
importunely or officiously. 2 Kings, xiv. 
To MEDDLE, mecl'-dl. v . a. [mesler, Fr.] To mix ; 

to mingle. Spenser. Ob. J. 
MEDDLER, med'-dl-ur. 98. n. s. One who busies 
himself with things in which he has no concern. 
Bacon. 
MEDDLESOME, m&F-dl-sum. a. Intermeddling. 

Barrow. 
MEDDLESOMENESS* mgd'-dl-sum-nes. n. s. 
Officiousness; forwardness to busy one's self where 
one has no concern. Barrow.- 
MEDDLING*, me^-dl-ing. n. s. Officious and im- 
pertinent interposition. South. 
MEDIA*. See Medium. 

MEDIA' STINE, me-de-as'-tin. n. s. [Fr.; medias- 
tinum, Lat.] The fimbriated body about which the 
guts are convolved. Arbutlmot. 
To MEDIATE §, me'-de-ate. 91, 534. v. n. [medius, 
Lat.] To interpose as an equal friend to both par- 
ties ; to intercede. Shirley. To be between two. 
Digby. 
To MEDIATE, me'-de-ate. v. a. To effect by medi- 
ation. Clarendon. To limit by something in the 
middle. Holder. 
MEDIATE, me'-de-ate. 91. a. [medial, Fr.] Inter- 
posed ; intervening. Prior. Middle ; between two 
extremes. Prior. Acting as a means. Wotton. 
MEDIATELY, me'-de-ate-le. ad. By a secondary 

cause. Raleigh. 
MEDIATION, me-de-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Interpo- 
sition ; intervention ; agency between two parties, 
practised by a common friend. Shah. Agency in- 
terposed; intervenient power. South. Interces- 
sion ; entreaty for another. 
MEDIATOR §, me-de-a'-tur. 534. n. s. [medialmr, 
Fr.] One that intervenes between two parties. 
Bacon. An intercessour ; an entreater for another. 
Stillingjieet. One of the characters of our blessed 
Saviour. Waierland. 
MEDIATORIAL, me-de-a-ti'-re-al. ) a. Belong-in? 
MEDIATORY, me'-de-a-tur-e. \ to a media- 

tor. Bp. Hopkins. 
25= For the o, see Domestick. For the accent, see No. 

512. W. 
MED1ATORSHIP, me-de-a'-tur-ship. n. s. The 

office of a mediator. Pearson. 
MEDIATRESS*, me-de-a'-trgs. n. s. A female me- 
diator. 
MEDIATRIX, me-dc-a'-triks. n. s. A female me- 
diator. Warton. 
MEDICABLE*, med'-e-ka-bl. a. {medkabilis, Lat.] 

That may be healed. 
MEDICAL §, mgd'-e-kal. a. [medicus, Lat.] Physi- 
cal ; relating to the art of healing. Brown. 
MEDICALLY, med'-e-kal-e. ad. Physically; me- 
dicinally. Broum. 
MEDICAMENT, med'-e-ka-ment. n. s. [medica- 
mentum, Lat.] Any thing used in healing : general- 
ly, topical applications. Hammond. 
#3= All our orthoepists, but Bailey, pronounce this word 
•with the accent on the first syllable; but my judgement 
much fails me if the true pronunciation ought not to be 
with the accent on the second, as in predicament. My 



reason is, that this is the syllable on which we place 
the secondary accent in pronouncing the Latin words 
medicamentum and predicamentum ; and it has often 
been observed, that this is our guide for accenting Eng- 
lish words formed from the Latin by dropping a sylla- 
ble. — See Academy. W. 

MEDICAME'NTAL, m£d-e-ka-ment'-al. a. Relat- 
ing to medicine, internal or topical. 
MEDICAMENTALLY, med-e-ka-ment'-al-e. ad. 

After the manner of medicine. Brown. 
MEDICASTER*, med'-e-kas-tOr. n. s. [medicastre, 
old Fr.] One who brags of medicine ; a quack. 
Whitlock. 
To MEDICATE, mgd'-e-kate. v. a. [medico, Lat.] 
To tincture or impregnate with any thing medi- 
cinal. Bp. Hall. 
MEDICATION, med-e-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of 
tincturing or impregnating with medicinal ingre- 
dients. Bacon. The use of physick. Brown. 
MEDPCINABLE, me-dls'-sm-a-bl. a. Having the 

power of physick. Brant. 
MEDICFNAL, me-dfs'-e-nal, or mSd-e-sl'-nal. o. 
[medicinalis, Lat.] Having the power of healing; 
having physical virtue. Shale. Belonging to physick. 
Quincy. 
D^r" Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word is now commonly 
pronounced medicinal, with the accent on the second 
syllable, but more properly, and more agreeably to the 
best authorities, medicinal. If, by the best authorities?, 
Dr. Johnson means the poets, the question is decided ; 
but I look upon poets to be the worst authorities in this 
case, as, by the very rules of their art, a license is given 
them to depart from the general pronunciation ; and that 
they often avail themselves of this license cannot be dis- 
puted. But if, by more properly, Dr. Johnson alludes to 
the long i in the Latin mediclnus or medicinalis, nothing 
can be more inconclusive. If the word be perfectly Latin, 
as well as English, we generally place the accent on the 
same syllable as in the original, as acumen, decorum, 
&cc, but frequently otherwise, as orator, senator, char- 
acter, Sec. But if this Latin accentuation were to be 
servilely followed in Latin words anglicised, we should 
overturn the whole fabrick of our pronunciation. Thus 
doctrinal, pastoral, &cc. &.c, must have the accent on 
the second syllable instead of the first, and nothing but 
confusion would ensue. The truth is, the strong ten- 
dency of our language is to an antepenultimate accent, 
503 ; and it is with reluctance we ever place it. lower, 
except in words of our own composition, or where the 
latter syllables have either an assemblage of consonants 
or a diphthong ; yet, even in this case, we find the ante^- 
penultimate accent sometimes prevail, as ancestor, 
amnesty, magistrate, &c, and counterpoise., porcelain, 
chamberlain," interreign,&.c; so that, by attempting 
to bring our pronunciation under the laws of the Latin 
language, we disturb and pervert it. Let poets, there- 
fore, who have, and, perhaps, in some cases, ought to 
have, a language different from prose, enjoy the privi- 
lege of their art, and while we are reading them let us 
conform to their rules ; but let us, not strive against the 
general current of prosaick pronunciation, which is al- 
ways right, and which is equally negligent of the pecu- 
liarities of poets and the pedantry of ancient derivation. 
The antepenultimate accentuation of this word is sup- 
ported by Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, Mr. Smith, 
W. Johnston, Barclay, Bailey, Fenning, and Entick. 
Mr. Sheridan gives both, and, by placing this accentua- 
tion first, seems to prefer it to the other.— See Indeco- 
rous and Inimical. W. 

MEDFCINALLY, me-dls'-se-nal-le. ad. Physically. 

Burton. 
MEDICINE, meM'-de-sto. n. s. [medicina, Lat.] 

Physick ; any remedy administered by a physician. 

Prov. xvii. "[medecin, Fr.] A physician. Shale. 

$3= All our orthoepists tell us, that this word is general- 
ly pronounced in two syllables, as if written medcine. 
That so gross a vulgarism should gain ground in our 
language is an imputation on our national taste. Our 
poets, who, when tortured for a word, often torture a 
word to ease themselves, are generally guilty of one 
part only of the cruelty of Procrustes; and that is, of 
shortening such words as are too long for their verse ; 
and these mutilations too often slide into our prosa- 
ick pronunciation : but against this abuse every ac- 
curate speaker ought to be on his guard. Nay, Cowley, 
as Mr. Nares informs up, crushes medicinal into two 
syllables ; and instances from Milton of this kind are 
innumerable. 

592 



MEE 



MEL 



—116, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub. biill -,—6)1 ;— pdund ;— (Inn, this. 



Mr. Elphiuston adopts the dissyllable pronunciation, ns 
more agreeable to its immediate origin, ilie French 
medecine.- but, as we preserve the i in this word, the 
Latin v/cdiciiia seems its most authentick original, and 
demands the sound oTthe t in medic ins as much as in 
ominous, mutinous, and original, which Shakspeare 
and Milton sink in the same manner as the word in 
question. W. 

To ME'DICINE, mfd'-de-sin. v. a. To restore or 
cure bv medicine. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

ME'DICK, me'-dik. n. s. A plant ; a kind of trefoil. 
In the plural, the science of medicine. Spenser. 

MEDl'ETY, me-dl'-e-te. n.s. [mediate, Fr.] Mid- 
dle state ; participation of two extremes ; half. 
Brown. 

MEDIOCRE*, me-dl'-o-kur. a. [Fr. ; from medi- 
ocris, Lat.] Of moderate degree ; middle rate ; 
middling. 

MEDFOCR1ST* me-dl'-o-kr?st. n. s. [mediocre, Fr.] 
One of middling abilities. Swift. • 

MEDIOCRITY, me-de-dk'-re-te. or me-je-ok'-re- 
te. 293, 294, 376,534. [me-dzhdk'-krc-te, Sheri- 
dan ; me-de-dk'-re-te, Perry and Jones.'] n. s. 
Moderate degree ; middle rate. Bacon. Modera- 
tion ; temperance. Hooker. 

To MEDITATE y, med'-e-tate. v. a. [meditor, Lat.] 
To plan; to scheme; to contrive. K. Charles. 
To think on ; to revolve in the mind. Spenser. 

To MEDITATE, m£d'-e-tate. v. n. To think ; to 
muse ; to contemplate. Psalm i. 

MEDITA'TION, med-e-ta'-shun. n. s. [meditatio, 
Lat.] Deep thought ; close attention ; contrivance ; 
contemplation. 2 Esd. x. Thought employed upon 
sacred objects. Spenser. A series of thoughts, oc- 
casioned by any object or occurrence. 

ME'DITATIVE, med'-e-ta-tlv. 512. a. Addicted to 
meditation. Berington. Expressing intention or 
design. 

MEDfTERRA'NE, med-e-ter-rane/. ) 

MEDITERRANEAN, mSd-e-ter-ra'-ne-nn. V a. 

MEDITERRA'NEOUS, med-e-ter-ra'-ne-fis. ) 
[medius and terra, Lat. ; ?uedilerranee, Fr.] Encircled 
with land. Brerewood. Inland; remote from the 
sea. Brown. 

ME'DIUM, me'-de-um, or me'-je-um. 293. n. s. [Lat.] 
Any thing intervening. Bacon. Any thing used in 
ratiocination, in order to a conclusion. Drijden. 
The middle place or degree ; the just temperature 
between extremes. U Estrange. 

MEDLAR, mld'-lur. 88. n. s. [maeb. Sax.] A tree. 
Miller. The fruit of that tree. Shakspeare. 

ME'DLEY, m^d'-le. n. s. A mixture ; a miscellany ; 
a mingled mass. Hayvard. 

ME'DLEY. med'-le. a. Mingled ; confused. Chaucer. 

To ME'DLE, med'-dl. ) v. a. To mingle. See To 

To ME'DLY, med'-le. 5 Meddle. L. Addison. 

MEDU'LLAR, me-dfilMari ) a.[medullaire. Fr. ; 

MEDU'LLARY, med'-fil-lar-e. ) from medulla, 
Lat.] Pertaining to the marrow. Cheyne. 

$5= I differ from all our orthoepists in the accentuation 
of this word [medullary ;] for, though they are uniform 
here, they diner so much from each other in similar 
words as to show they are not very sure of their prin- 
ciples. My reasons for accenting the first syllable of 
this word are the same as for the same accentuation 
of maxillary and papillary, which see. W. 

MEED y, meed. 246. n. s. [meb, Sax.] Reward; 

recompense. Now rarely used, except by poets. 

Spenser. Present; gift. Shakspeare. 
To MEED*, meed. r. a. To merit; to deserve. 

Heywood. Oh. T. 
MEEK y, meek. 240M. [miukr, miuk, Icel.] Mild of 

temper; noi proud; not rough ; not easily provoked; 

soft; gentle. Numb. xii. Expressing humility and 

gentleness. Milton. 
To MEEK*, meek. v. a. [moeka, Su. Goth.] To 

humble. Wicliffe. 
roMEE'KEN.mee'-k'n. 103. v. a. To make meek; 

to soften. Browne. 
ME'EKLY, meek'-le. ad. Mildly; gently. Spenser. 
MEEKNESS, m&k'-nes. n. s. Gentleness ; mild- 
ness ; softness of temper. Spenser. 
MEER, mere. a. [See Mere.] Simple; unmixed. 
75 



MEER, mere. n. s. [See Mere.] A lake; a boun- 
dary. 

ME llKED,mer'd. 359. a. Relating to a boundary. 
| Shakspeare. 

MEET, meet. a. [of obscure etymology.] Fit; prop- 
er; qualified. Spenser. — Meet with. Even witn. 
Shakspeare. 

To MKETy, meet. 36,246. v. a. pret. I met ; llmve 
met , part. -met. [motjan, Goth.] To come face to 
face ; to encounter. Shak. To encounter in hos- 
tility. Mi lion. To encounter unexpectedly. Mil- 
ton. To join another in the same place. Milton. 
To close one with another. Addison. To find ; to 
light on. Drydcn. To assemble from different 
parts. Milton. 

To MEET, meet. v. n. To encounter; to close face 
to face. To encounter in hostility. Dryden. To 
assemble ; to come together. 2 Mac. — To meet 
with. To light on; to find. Spenser. To join. 
Sha/c. To suner unexpectedly. Shak. To encoun- 
ter; to engage. Roue. To meet with. A Latinism : 
to obviate. Bacon. To advance half way. South. 
To unite ; to join. 

ME'ETER, meet'-ur. 98. n. s. One that accosts an- 
other. Shaks-peare. 

ME'ETING, meet'-Ing 410. n. s. An assembly; a 
convention. Sprat. An interview. Shak. A con- 
venticle ; an assembly of dissenters. A conflux : 
as, the meeting of two rivers. 

MEETING-HOUSE, meet'-mg-h6us. n. s. Place 
where dissenters assemble to worship. Addison. 

ME'ETLY, meet'-le. ad. Fitly; properly. Shak. 

ME'ETNESS. meei'-ne's. n. s. Fitness; propriety. 
Bp. Bull. 

ME'GACOSM*; meg'-a-kosm. n. s. [piyas and k6c- 
uos.] The great world. Bp. H. Croft. 

MEGATOLIS* me-gap'-o-Hs. n. s. [uiyas and *<$ 
hi.] A principal city; metropolis. Sir T.Herbert. 

ME'GRIM, me' -grim. n.s. [fijxiicaavia, Gr.; migrain, 
Fr.] Disorder of the head. Bacon. 

To MEINE, meen. r. a. [men$an, Sax.] To min 
s:le. Clmucer. Oh. J. 

ME'INY, me'-ne. n. s. [mesnie, Fr.] A family; a 
retinue ; dornestick servants. Lib. Fes. 

MEIO'SIS*. m\-6'-sh. n. s. [pu&cis.] A rhetorical 
figure, of the species of hyperbole. South. 

ME'LAMPODE*. mel'-am-pode. n. s. [melampodi 
um, Lat.] The black hellebore. Spenser. 

ME'LANAGOGUES, rril'-an-a-gogz. n.s. [/u'Aaj-oj 
and liyu).] Such medicines as are supposed par- 
ticularly 10 purge 5 oft' black choler. 

ME'LANCHOLtCK, mel'-an-k&l-lfk. a. Disorder 
ed with melancholy; fanciful; hypochondriacal, 
gloomy. B. Jonson. Unhappy; unfortunate. Clar 
eudon. Dismal. Webster. 

MELANCHO'LIAN* mel-an-k6'-le-an. > n. s. A 

ME'LANCHOLICK*, mel'-an-k&l-Hk. J person 
diseased with melancholy. Spenser. A gloomy 
state of mind. Ld. Clarendon. 

ME'LANCHOLILY* meT-an-kol-le-le. ad. In a 
melancholy manner. Keepe. 

ME'LANCHOLINESS* m&'-an-kol-le-nes. n. s. 
Disposition to gloominess 3 state of being melan- 
choly. Aubrey. 

MELANCHO'LIOUS*, mel-an-k^-le-us. a. Melan- 
choly ; gloomy; dismal. Gmcer. Ob. T. 

ME'LANCHOLIST* mel'-an-k&l-ist. n. s. One dis- 
ordered with melancholy; a fanciful or hypochon- 
driacal person. Glanvilbz. 

To ME'LANCHOLIZE*. mel'-an-ki-Jize. v. n. To 
become melancholy or gloomy. Burton. 

To ME'LANCHOLIZE* roel'-an-k6-llze. v. a. To 
make sad or melancholy. More. 

ME'LANCHOLY y. mei'-an-k&l-e. 503. n. s. [fiiU- 
vog and yoXr).] A disease, supposed to proceed from 
a redundance of black bile. Quincy. A kind of 
madness, in which the mind is always fixed on one 
object. Milton. A gloomy, pensive, discontented 
temper. Sidney. 

ME'LANCHOLY, mel'-an-k6l-e. 503, (0.) a. 
Gloomy; dismal. Denham. Diseased with melan- 
choly ; fanciful ; habitually dejected. Locke. 
5y3 



MEM 



MEN 



\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pine, p?n ;- 



[Fr.] A mixture. 



tu- 
matter 



MELA'NGE*, me-lanje'. n 

Drummond. 
MELICE'RIS, mft-e-se'-rk n. s. freAi^piV] A 
niour enclosed in a cystis, and consisting of ma 
like honey. Sharp. 
ME'LILOT, meF-le-lul. 166. n. s. [melilotus, Lat.] 

A plant. 
To MELIORATE §, meMe-6-rate. 531, v. a. [me- 
liorer, Fr.] To better- ; to improve. Bacon. 

MELIORATION, m6-le T 6-ra / -shun. n. s. [Fr.] Im- 
provement ; act of bettering. Bacon. 

MELIO'RITY, me-le-6r / -e-te. 113. n. s. Slate of be- 
ing- better. Bacon. Ob. J. 
To MFAsL. mel. v. n. [meler, se meler, Fr.] To mix ; 
to meddle. Spenser. Ob. J. 

MELL $*, mel. n. s. [mel, Lat.] Honey. Warner. 

MELLFFEROUS, mel-lif-fer-us. a. Productive of 
honey. 

MELLIFICA'TION, mel-le-fe-ka'-shuu. n. i. [viel- 
lifico, Lat.] The art or practice of making honey 5 
production" of honey. Arbuthnot. 

MELLIFLUENCE, m&-lif'-flu-ense. m s. A hon- 
ied flow ; a flow of sweetness. Warton. 

MELLl'FLUENT, mel-lif -fiii-ent. ) 518. a. [mel and 

MELLFFLUOUS, mel-lif-flu-us. ( fiuo, Latin.] 
Flowing with honey ; flowing will) sweetness. 
Shakspeare. 

ME'LLOW §, mel'-!6. 327. a. [meappa, Sax.] Soft 
with ripeness; full ripe. Shale. Soft in sound. 
Dryden. Soft ; unctuous. Bacon. Drunk ; melted 
down with drink. Roscommon. 

To ME'LLOW, meF-lo. v. a. To ripen ; to mature ; 
to soften by ripeness ; (0 ripen by age. Shale. To 
soften. Mortimer. To mature to perfection. D>~y- 
den. 

To ME'LLOW. mel'-lo. but. To be matured; toi 
ripen. Donne. 

MELLOWNESS, mel'-lo-nes. n. s. Maturity of 
fruits; ripeness; softness by maturity. Digby. Ma- 
turity; full age. Softness of sound." Abp. Hort. 

ME'LLOWY*, melMo-e. a. Soft ; unctuous. Dray- 
ton. 

MELOCO'TON, mel-6-k6Mun. n. s. [?nelocotone, 
Spanish.] A quince. Bacon. Ob. J. 

MELODIOUS, me-lo'-de-tis, or me-l6'-je-us. 293, 
294,376. a. Musical; harmonious. Milton. 

MELODIOUSLY, me-li'-de-us-le. ad. Musically; 
harmoniously. Skelton. 

MELODIOUSNESS, me-lo'-de-us-nes. n. s. Sweet- 
ness of sound ; musicahiess. 

ME'LODRAME*, me'-lo-drame. n. s. [Fr.; from 
/j.i\oi and cpd^a.] A modern word for a dramatick 
performance, in which songs are intermixed. 

ME'LODY§, meF-16-de. n. s. [^ e \ic5ia.] Musick ; 
sweetness of soujid. Arison. 

ME'LON, mel'-lun. 166. n. s. [melcni.Fv. ; melo,Lal.~\ 
A plant. Miller. The fruit. Numb. xi. 

MELON-THFSTLE, meT-lan-i/us'-sl. n.s. A plant. 
Miller. 

ME'LROSE* mel'-roze. n. s. [mel, and rose.] Honey 
of roses. Fordyce. 

To MELT §,meit. v. a. [mercan, Sax.] To dissolve; 
to make liquid. Shak. To dissolve ; to break in 
pieces. Bin-net. To soften to love or tenderness. 
Dryden. To waste away. Shakspeare. 

To MELT, melt, v. ». To become liquid ; to dis- 
solve. Psalms. To be softened to pity, or any 
gentle passion ; to grow tender, mild, "or gentle. 
Shak. To be dissolved; to lose substance. Shak. 
To be subdued by affliction. Psalms. 

MELT*. See Milt. 

ME'LTER, melt'-ur. 98. n. s. One that melts metals. 
Sidney. 

ME'LTINGLY, melt'-tog-le. ad. Like something 
melting. 

ME'LTING*, melt'-mg. n.s. [melfcun£, Sax.] Act 
of softening; inteneration. South. 

ME'LTINGNESS*, melt'-tog-ngs. n. s. Disposition 
to be softened by love or teuderness. Whole Duty 
of Man. 

ME'LWELL, mel'-wel. n.s. A kind offish. 

ME'MBER§, mem'-bftr. 98. n.s. [membre, Fr. ; mem- 



brum, Lat.] A limb ; apart appendant to the body. 
Mcdtheiv. A part of a discourse or period; a head; 
a clause. Watts. Any part of an integral. Addi 
son. One of a community. Kins Cliarles. 
ME'MBERED*, mem'-b&rd. a. Having limbs : also 
a term of heraldry, applied to the beak and legs 
of a bird, when of a different tincture from the 
body. 
MEMBERSHIP*, mem'-bfir-shhp.n. 5. Community ; 

society; union. Beaumont. 
ME'MBRANE, mem'-brane. 91. n.s. [Fr.; mm- 
brana, Lat.] A web of several sorts of fibres, in- 
terwoven together for the covering and wrap- 
ping up of some parts of the body. Qjuincy. 
MEMBRANACEOUS, mem-bra-na'-shus. 357. ) 
MEMBRA'NEOUS, mem-bra'-ne-fis. C 

MF/MBRANOUS, mem'-bran-us. ) 

a. Consisting of membranes. Boijle. 
MEMENTO % me-men'-to. n. s. [Lat.] A memo- 
rial notice ; a hint to awaken the memory. Bacon. 
MEMO'IP $ me-moir\ ) n. s. [memoire, Fr.] An 
V; ( mem/ -war. ) account of transac- 
tions familiarly written. Prior. Hint ; notice ; ac- 
count of any thing. Arbuthnot. 
90" This word was universally, till of late, pronounced 
with the accent on the second syllable, as Dr. Johnsvon, 
W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Barclay, Bailey, Buchanan, 
Fenning, and Perry, have marked it. Some speakers 
have endeavoured to pronounce it with the accent on 
the first, as we find it marked in Mr. Nares, Dr. Ash, 
Scott, and Entick : but this is an innovation unsuitable 
to the genius of our pronunciation ; which, in dissylla- 
bles having a diphthong in the last, inclines us *o place 
the accent on that syllable, as much as in devoir, which 
we find accented on the last by all our orthoepists, 
without exception. W. 
ME'MORABLE, mem'-mur-a-bl. a. [Fr.; memorab- 
ilis, Lat.] Worthy of memory ; not to be forgot- 
ten. Sidney. 
ME'MORABLY, meW-mfir-a-ble. ad. hi a manner 



worthy of memory. 
MEMORA'ND UM, mem-mo-ran'-dum. n. s. [Lat.] 
[In the plural, memoranda and memorandums.] A 



nole to help the memory. Guardian. 

To MELIORATE*, mem / -6-rate. v. a. [memoro, 
Lat.] To make mention of a thing. Cockeram. 
Ob. T. 

MELIORATIVE*, mem'-o-ra-tlv. a. Tending to 
preserve memory of any thing. Hammond. 

MEMO RIAL, me-mo'-re-al. a. Preservative of 
memory. Shak. Contained in memory. Watts. 

MEMO'RIAL, me-m6 / -re-al. n. s. A monument; 
something to preserve memory. Hooker. Hint to 
assist the memory. Bacon. An address, remind- 
ing of services and soliciting reward. 

MEWRIALIST, me-m6'-re-al-ist. n.s. One who 
writes memorials. Spectator. 

ME'MORIST*, mem^-rist. n. s. One that causes 
things to be remembered. Brown. 

To ME'MORIZE, mem'^-rlze. v. a. To record ; to 
commit to memory by writing. Spenser. To cause 
to be remembered. Slutkspeare. 

ME'MORY^, meW-mur-e. 557. n. s. [memoria,LdLt.] 
The power of retaining or recollecting things past ; 
retention ; reminiscence ; recollection. Locke. Ex- 
emption from oblivion. Shak. Time of knowledge. 
Muton. Memorial ; monumental record. Com- 
munion Service. Reflection ; attention. Shak. 

To ME'MORY*, mem'-mur-re. v. a. To lay up in 
the memory. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

MEN, men. The plural of man. 

MEN-PLEASER, men'-ple'-z&r. n. s. One too care- 
ful to please others. Eph. vi. 

To ME'NACE §, men'-nase. 91. v. a. [menacer, Fr. 
from viinax, minacis, Lat.] To threaten ; to threat. 
Shakspeare. 

ME'NACE, men'-nase. 91. n. s. [Fr.] Threat. 
Brown. 

ME'NACER, men'-nas-fir. 98. n. s. A threatener ; 
one that threats. Phillips. 

MENACING* men'-na-s'mg. n. s. Threat. Bp 
Taylor. 

MEN A' GE, me-nazhe'. n.s. [Fr.] A collection of 



MEN 



iVIER 



— 116, move. nor. not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — oil ;— pound ;—llun, ruis. 



animals. Addison. Sometimes used for manege, 
and voinage. 
$$- This word is perfectly French; nor can we express 

their soft «• any other way than by :he. It'. 

MENA'GERY*. [men-azhe-ur-e', Walker : me-na'- 

zhje-re, Perry.] n. s. A Collection of" foreign ani- 

mals; the place in which they are kept Swinburne 

ME'NAGOGUE, meV4-g6g. 338. n. s. [tfvst and 

ayw.] A medicine that promotes the flux of the 

menses. 

ME NALD*, meV-ald. )a. A term applied to deer, 

ME'NILD*, men'-fld. £ whose skins are beauti- 

tlillv variegated. 
To 3lEND §, mend. v. a. [emendo, Lat.] To repair 
from breach or decay. 2 Chron. xxxiv. To cdirect ; 
to alter for the better. Temple. To help; to ad- 
vance. Bacon. To improve ; to increase. Milton. 
To MEND, mind. v. n. To grow better ; to advance 
in anv good. Shakspeare. 

ME'NDABLE, men'-da-bl. 405. a. Capable of be- 
ing mended. Sherwood. 

MENDA'CIOUS §*, men-da'-shfls. a. [mendax, men- 
dads. Lat.] False : lving. Sheldon. 

MENDA CITY, men-das' -se-te. n. s. Falsehood. 
Broun. 

ME'NDER, mend'-ur. 98. n. s. One who makes any 
change for the better. Shakspeare. 

ME NDICANCY*, men'-de-kan-se. n. s. Beggary. 
Burke. 

ME'NDICANT, men'-de-kant. a. [mendicans. Lat.] 
Begging; 5 poor to a state of beggary. Bp. Cosin. 

ME'NDICANT, men'-de-kant. n. s. A beggar ; one 
of some begging fraternity. Hammond. 

To ME'NDICATE, men'-de-kate. v. a. [mendico. 
LatJ To beg; to ask alms. Cockeram. 

MENDICITY, men-dls'-se-ie. »J *• [mendicitas. 
Lat.] The life of a beggar. Report loth of the 
Sodetii for the Poor. 

MENDS, for amends. Shakspeare. 

ME'NIAL$, me'-ne-al. 113. a. [from meiny.] Be- 
longing to the retinue, or train of servants. Dry den. 

ME'NIAL, me'-ne-al. n.s. One of the train of ser- 
vants. Bp. Hall. 

ME'NDMENT* mgnd'-ment. n.s. Amendment. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

MENTNGES, me-nin'-jes. n. s. [uenyyos.] The two 
membranes that envelope the brain, which are 
called the pia mater and dura mater. Wiseman. 

ME'NIVER*, meV-e-v5r. 71. s. [menu vair, Fr.] The 
name of a small Muscovian beast, of a white col- 
our, famous for the fineness of its fur ; the fur itself. 
Chaucer. 

MENO'LOGY, me-nol'-lo-je. 518. n. s. [^vu'Xoytov.] 
A register of months. Stilling fleet. 

ME'NOW, men' -n6. n.s. [commonly minnow.'] A fish. 

ME'NSAL, men' -sal. a. [mensalis, Lat.] Belonging 
fo the table ; transacted at table. Ridiardson. 

MEN.SE $*, mflns. n. s. [menneye, Sax.] Propriety; 
decency; manners. 

ME'NSEFUL*, mens'-iTil. a. Graceful ; mannerly. 

ME'NSELESS*, mens'-les. a. Without civility ; void 
of decency or propriety; graceless. 

ME'NSTRUAL §,mens'-stru-al. a. [menstnms. _Lat.] 
Monthly ; happening once a month ; lasting a 
month. Bentleu. Pertaining to a menstruum. Bac. 

ME'NSTRUOtJS, mens'-stru-us. a. Having the cata- 
menia. Sandys. Happening to women at certain 
times. Brown. 

ME'NSTRUIBf, mens'-stru-um. n. s. Any liquor 
used as a dissolvent, or to extract the virtues of in- 
gredients ;y infusion or decoction. Quincy. 

MENSURABFL1TY, men-shu-ra-bfl'-e-le. n. s. Ca- 
pacity of being measured. 

ME'NSURABLE $, men'-shu-ra-bl. a. [mensura, 
Lat.] Measurable ; that may be measured. Holder. 

ME'NSURAL, men'-shii-ral. 88. a. Relating to 
measure. 

To ME'NSURATE, men'-shu-rate. v. a. To meas- 
ure ; to take the dimension of anv thing. 

MENSURA'TION, men-shu-ra'-shun. n. s. The act 
or practice of measuring ; result of measuring, Ar? 
buthnot. 



ME'NTAL §. ment'-tal. 88. a. [menlale, Fr.; mentis, 
Lat.] Intellectual; existing in the mind. Milton. 

MENTALLY, ment'-tal-e. ad. Intellectually ; in the 
mind ; not practically or externally, but in thought 
or meditation. Bentley. 

Mi", NTION s s . men'-sliun. n.s. [mention, Fr. ; men- 
tio. Lat.] Oral or written expression, or recital of 
anv thing. Gen. xl. Cursory or incidental nomina- 
tion. Mil ten. , 

To ME'NTION, men'-shun. v. a. [mentionner, Fr.] 
To write or express in words or writing. Isa. lxiii. 



MEPHl'TICAL, me-fh' : e-kal. ) a. [mephitis, Lat.] 
\ 111 savoured ; 
stinking. Quincy. 



I TICK*, me-fit'-'ik. 



MERA'CIOUS, me-ra'-shus. 292. a. [meracus, Lat.] 

Strong ; racv. 
ME'RCABLE'.mer'-ka-bl. a. [mercor, Lat.] To be 

sold or bought. Diet. 
MERCANTANTE, mer-kan-tiint'. n. s. [Ital.] A 

foreign trader ; a merchant. Sluikspeare. 
MERCANTILE, meV-kan-tll. 145. a. Trading; 

commercial. Howell. 
ME'RCAT, meV-kat. n.s. [mercatics, Lat.] Market; 

trade. Sprat.. 
ME'RCATURE, mer'-ka-tshure. n. s. [mercatura, 

Lat.] The practice of buying and selling. 
ME'RCENARINESS,mer'-se-na-re-n&>.«..s. Venal- 
ity ; respect to hire or reward. Wlwle Duty of 

Man. 
ME'RCENARY §. mer'-se-na-re. 512. a. [mercenaire, 

Fr. ; mercenanus, Lat.] Venal; hired; sold for 

money. Shakspeare. Too studious of profit. South. 
ME'RCENARY, mer'-se-na-re. n. s. A hireling; 

one retained or serving for pay. Sluikspeare. 
ME'RCER §, meV-sur. 98. n.s. [mercier, Fr. ; from 

the Lat. merx, mercis.] One who sells silks. Howell. 
ME'RCERSHIP*, mer'-sur-ship. n.s. Business of a 

mercer. Howell. 
ME'RCERY. mer'-sur-e. 555. n.s. [mercene, Fr.] 

Any ware to sell. Gower. Trade of mercers; traf- 

fick of silks. Graunt. 
To ME'RCHAND, mer'-tshand. v. n, [marchander, 

Fr.] To transact by trafiick. Bacon. 
MERCHANDISE, mer'-tshan-dlze. n.s. [marchan- 

dise, Fr.] Trafiick; commerce; trade. Shak. 

Wares ; anv thing to be bought or sold. Spenser. 
To MERCHANDISE, mer'-tshan-dlze. v. n. To 

trade ; to trafiick ; to exercise commerce. Harmar. 
ME'RCHANDRY*, meV-tshan-dre. n.s. Trafiick; 

trade ; commerce. Bp. Sandeison. 
ME'RCHANT'J,mer'-tshanl. 352. n. s. [merchant, 

old Fr. ; then marchand : from mercans, Lat.] One 

who trafficks to remote countries. Addison. A ship 

of trade. Dryden. 

§£f Mr. Sheridan pronounces the c, in the first syllable 
of this word, Jike the a in march ; and it is certain 
that, about thirty years ago, [i. e. 1770,] this was the 
general pronunciation; but since that time the sound 
of a has been gradually wearing away ; and the sound 
of e is so fully established, that the former is now be- 
come gross and vulgar, and is only to be heard among 
the lower orders of people. It is highly probable, that, 
however coarse this sound of e may now seem, it was 
once not only the common pronunciation, but the mosl 
agreeable to analogy. We still find, that the vowel i be- 
fore r, followed by another consonant, sinks into a broad- 
er sound by taking the short sound of e, which is really 
the short sound of a slender a, as virgin, virtue, &c. ; 
and it is a similar alteration which takes place in the 6 
before r, followed by another consonant, in clerk, Ser- 
jeant, Derby, &c, where this vowel falls into the broad- 
er sound of the Italian a. Sermon, service, vermin, 
&.c, are still pronounced by the vulgar as if written 
sarmon, sarvice, varment, &c. ; and this was probably 
the ancient manner of pronouncing every e in the same 
situation. This analogy is now totally exploded, and, 
except clerk, serjeant, and a few proper names, we have 
scarcely another word in the language, where the e has 
not its true sound. But instead of saying, with Mr. Nares,. 
that merchant has returned to th? proper sound of e, 
we may, with great probability, assert, that this and eve- 
ry other word of the same form have aoquired a sound 
of e. which they never had before; and which, though 
a feebler, and a shorter sound, conduces to the simpli- 
citv and regularity of our pronunciation, Dr. Kenrick, 
595 



MER 



MER 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m<k 5— pine, pm : 



concurs in my opinion, that pronouncing the e in this 
word like a is vulgar ; and every other orthoepist, who 
gives the sound of the vowels, marks it as I have 
done. W. 

To MERCHANT*, iner'-tshant. v. n. To traffick. 
L. Addison. 

ME'RCHANTLY, meV-tshant-le. ) a. Like a 

ME'RCH ANTLIKE, mer'-tshant-llke. $ merchant. 
Ainsworth. 

MERCHANT-MAN, mer'-tshant-man. 88. n.s. A 
ship of trade. Bp. Taylor. 

MERCHANTABLE, mer'-tshant-a-bl. a. Fit to be 
bought or sold. Mede. 

ME'RCIABLE, meV-se-a-bl. a. [from mercy.'] Mer- 
ciful. Gower. Ob. J. 

ME'RCIFUL, meV-se-ful. a. Compassionate ; ten- 
der 3 kind; unwilling to punish; willing' to pity 
and spare. Devi. xxi. 

MERCIFULLY, meV-se-fuMe. ad. Tenderly j mild- 
ly; with pity ; with compassion. Alterbury. 

ME'RCIFULNESS, me/-se-ful-ngs. n. s. "Tender- 
ness ; willingness to spare. SidTwy. 

To ME'RCIFY*, mer'-se-fi. v. a. To pity. Spenser. 

ME'RCILESS, meV-se-les. a. Void of mercy ; piti- 
less ; hard-hearted ; cruel. Spenser. 

MERCILESSLY, meV-se-lgs-le. ad. In a manner 
void of pitv. Ellis. 

ME'RCILE'SSNESS, mer'-se-les-n^s. n s. Want of 

MERCU'RIAL, mer-ktV-re-al. a. [mercurialis, Lat.] 
Formed under the influence of Mercury ; active; 
sprightly. Shak. Consisting of quicksilver : as, 
mercurial medicines. Giving intelligence ; direct- 
ing, [from Mercunj, the heathen guide of travel- 
lers.] Chillingicorih. 
MERCIPRIAL*, mer-kiV-re-al. n. s. An active. 
sprightly, gay person. Bacon. [In medicine,] 
Mercurials are preparations of mercurv. 
To MERCU RIALIZE* mer-ku'-re-al-lze. v. n. 
To be humorous, fantastical, new-fangled ; to prat- 
tle over-much. Cotgrave. 
MERCU'RIALIST* mer-ku'-re-al-fst. n. s. One un- 
der the influence of Mercury; one resembling 
Mercury in variety of character. Dean King. 
MERCURIFICA'TION, meV-ku-re-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. 
The act of mixing any thing with quicksilver. 
Boyle. 
MERCURY y, mer'-ku-re. n.s. [Mercurim, Lat.] 
One of the planets. The chymist's name for quick- 
silver. Hill. Sprightly qualities. Pope. A news- 
paper : so called horn Mercury, the intelligencer 
of the gods. Ainsworth. It is applied to the car- 
riers of news and pamphlets. Cowel. 
ME'RCURY, meV-ku-re. n.s. [mercurialis, Lat] A 

plant. Hill. 
ME'RCURY'S Finger, n. s. Wild saffron. 
To MERCURY*, meV-ku-re. «. a. To wash with a 

preparation of mercury. jB. Jonson-. 
ME'RCY §, mer'-se. 95. n. s. [merci, Fr.] Tender- 
ness ; goodness ; pity ; willingness to spare and save ; 
clemency ; mildness ; unwillingness to punish. 
Wisd. xv. Pardon. Shak. Discretion ; power of 
acting at pleasure. Shakspeare. 
T0° The vulgar pronounce this word as if spelled marcy .• 
many above the vulgar pronounce it as if written mur- 
cij ,• but there is a delicate shade of difference between 
this and the true sound of e, which must be carefully 
attended to. W. 
ME'RCY-SEAT, mer'-se-sete. n.s. The covering of 
the ark of the covenant, in which the tables of the 
law were deposited. Exod. xxv. 
MERD*, mSrd. n. s. [merde, Fr. ; merda, Lat.] Or- 
dure ; dung. Burton. 
MERE y, mere, a. [nwus, Lat.l That or this only; 
such and nothing else ; this only. Shak. Absolute.; 
entire. Spenser, 
MERE or MER, signifies the same with the Saxon 

mepe, a pool or lake. Gibson. 
MERE §, mere. n. s. [mepe, Sax.] A pool ; com- 
monly a large pool or lake : as, Winander mere. 
Camden, [neipd, to divide.] A boundary ; a ridge 
of land. Spenser 



To MERE*, mere. v. a. To limit; to bound ; to di- 
vide. Spenser. 

MERELY, mere'-le. ad. Simply; only; thus and 
no other way. Hooker. Absolutely. Shakspeare. 

MERETRFCIOUSy, mer-re-trfsh'-us. a. [meretri- 
cius, meretrix, Lat.] Whorish ; such as is practised 
by prostitutes ; alluring by false show. Feltham. 

MERETRICIOUSLY, mer-re-trfsh'-us-le. ad. 
Whorishly ; after the manner of whores. Burke. 

MERETRrCIOUSNESS,mer-re-trfsh'-us-nes. n. s. 
False allurement, like those of strumpets. 

To MERGE y* merje. v. a. [mergo, Lat.] To im- 
merse ; to plunge. Prynne. 

To MERGE*, merje. v.n. To be swallowed up ; to 
be lost ; to be sunk. Sir W. Scott. 

MERFDIANy, me-rld'-e-an, or me-r?d'-je-an. 293, 
294, 376. n. s. [meridiem, Fr. ; meridies, Lat.] 
Noon ; mid-day. Dryden. The line drawn from 
north to south, which the sun crosses at noon. 
Broicn. The particular place or stale of any thing. 
Hale. The highest point of glory or power. Shak- 
speare. 

MERPDIAN, me-rid'-e-an. a. Being at the point of 
noon. Milton. Extended from north to south. 
Boule. Raised to the highest point. 

MERIDIONAL, me-rld'-e-o-nal. a. [Fr.] Southern. 
Brown. Southerly; having a southern aspect. 
Wotton. 

MERIDIONA'LITY, me-rid-e-i-nal'-e-te. 293. n.s. 
Position in the south ; aspect towards the south. 

MERI'DIONALLY, me-rid'-e^-nal-le. ad. In the 
direction of the meridian. Broicn. 

MER1LS*. meV-rllz. n.s. [merelles, Fr.] A boyish 

fame, called five-penny morris. See Morris. 
'RLTy, meV-'ft. n. s. [?neriimn, Lat.; merite, Fr.] 
Desert; excellence deserving honour or reward. 
Dryden. Reward deserved. Prior. Claim; right; 
character with respect to desert of good or evil. 
Dryden. 

ThME'RI^mer'-ft. v. a. [meriter, Fr.] To deserve; 
to have a right to claim any thing as deserved. 
Milton. To deserve ; to earn. Shakspeare. 

ME'RITABLE*, mer'-ft-a-bl. a. Deserving of re- 
ward ; fit to be rewarded. B. Jonson. 

MERITO'RIOUS, mer-re-t6'-re-us. a. [meritoire, 
Fr.] Deserving of reward ; high in desert. Spen- 
ser. 

MERITORIOUSLY, mer-re-t6'-re-us-le. ad. In 
such a manner as to deserve reward. Wotton. 

MERITORIOUSNESS, mer-re-t6'-re-us-nes. n.s. 
The act or state of deserving well. South. 

ME'RITORY*, mer'-re-tfir-e. a. Deserving of re- 
ward ; meritorious. Goiver. 

ME'RITOT, meV-re-t6t. n. s. A kind of play used by 
children, in swinging themselves on ropes or the 
like, till they are e:iddy. Speght. 

MERLE*, merl. ?i7s. [Fr.; merula, Lat.] A black- 
bird. Draijton. 

ME'RLIN, meV-lln. n. s. [merlin, Teut.] A kind of 
hawk. Bale. 

ME'RMAID, meV-made. n. s. [mer and maid.] A 
sea woman ; an animal with a woman's head and 
fish's tail. Brown. 

$y= The first syllable of this word is frequently pro- 
nounced like the noun marc ; but this is a vulgarism 
which must be carefully avoided. W. 

MERMAID'S-TRUMPET, mer'-madz-trum'-pet. 
n.s. A kind offish. Ainsworth. 

ME'RMAN*, mer'-man. n.s. The sea man; the 
male of the mermaid. Chambers. 

MERRILY, meV-re-le. ad. Gayly ; airily ; cheerful- 
ly ; with mirth. Shakspeare. 

MERRIMAKE, meV-re-make. n.s. [merry and 

make.] A festival ; a meeting of mirth. Spenser, 
to ME RRIMAKE, mer'-re-make. v. n. To feast ; 
to be jovial. Gay. 

MERRIMENT, mer'-re-ment. n.s. Mirth; gayety ; 
cheerfulness; laughter. Spenser. 

ME'RRINESS, meV-re-n£s. n. s. Mirth; merry dis- 
position. Sliakspeare. 

MERRYy, meV-re. a. [mypi$, Sax.] Pleasant; 
sweet ; agreeable ; delightful ; cl 
596 



charming. Chaucer. 



MET 



MET 



-ne>. move, nfjr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pfiund 5— tlua, thIs. 



[/itcapatov.] 



Laughing j loudly cheerful ; gay of heart. ftn. 
xlm. Causing laughter. Sliuk.— To make merry. 
To junket; to be jovial. Judg. ix 
MERRY-ANDREW, mer-re-In -drou. ». s. [from a 
facetious practitioner iu phvsick of Henry the 
Eighth's time, Andrew Borde.] A buffoon ; a stany 5 
a lack-pudding. L'Estrano-e. 
ME^RYMEEflNG*, mer'-re-meet-lng. n.s. A 

meeting for mirth; a festival, lip. Taylor. 
MERRYTHOUGHT, mer'-re-^awt. n.s. [mem, 
and thought.') A ibrked bone in the body of fowls': 
so called because boys and girls pull in play at the 
two sides, the longest part broken off betokening 
priority of marriage. Echard. 
ME'RSION, meV-diun. n. s. [mersio, Lat.] The act 

of sinking or dipping. Barrow. 
MESERA'ICK, mez-zer-a'-ik. 509. ■ 
Belonging to the mesentery. Brown 
MESE'LMS, me-seemz'. impersonal verb, [me and 
seems, or it seems to me.] I think ; it appears to me ; 
methinks. Sidney. 
ME'SENTERYS, mez'-zSn-tfr-e. [See Lientery.] 
n. s. [peaevrioiov.] That round which the guts are 
convolved. Arhutlvnot. 
MESENTE'RICK, mez-zen-teV-rik. 509. a. Re- 
latin? to the mesentery^. Cheyne. 
MESH §, mesh. n.s. [maesche, Dutch.] The interstice 
of a net ; the space between the threads of a net. 
Carew. 
To MESH, mesh, v. a. To catch in a net ; to ensnare. 

forth. 
ME SHY mesh'-e. a. Reticulated; of net-work. 

Carew. 
ME'SLIN, mes'-lin. n.s. [SeeMASLiN.] Mixed corn : 

as, wheat and rye. Hooker. 
iMESOLEU'CYS, mes-6-lu/-sls. n.s. [usco\ev K os.] A 
precious stone, black, with a streak of white in the 
middle. Diet. 
MESO LOGARITHMS, me-s&l'-i-ga-riTHmz. n. s. 
\jiioos, \6yos, and apidpo$.] The logarithms of the 
cosines and tangents, so denominated by Kepler. 
Harris, 
MESO'MELAS, me-som'-e-las. n.s. |><ro M Aa S .] A 
precious stone with a black vein parting every 
colour in the midst. Bailey. 
MESPRLSE, ines-prlze'. n.s. [inespris, Fi:] Con- 
tempt ; scorn. Spenser. 
MESS}, mes. n.s. [mass, Germ.] A dish; a quanti- 
ty of food sent to table together. Sha/c. The ordi- 
nary of military men at a regulated price; the 
mea! provided for a certain number. 
To MESS, mes. v. n. To eat ; to feed, [metfian. 
Sax.] To contribute to the common expense of the 
table in settled proportions. Chiefly a military 
phrase. Pye. 
ME'SSAGE, mes'-sldie. 90. n.s. [Fr.] An errand ; 
any thiog committed to another to be told to a third. 
Spenser. 
ME'SSENGER, meV-sen-jfir. 98. n.s. [messager, 
Fr.] One who carries an errand ; one who brings 
an account or foretoken of any thing ; a harbin- 
ger ; a forerunner. Spenser. 
MESSI'AH$, mes-sl'-a, n.s. [Hebrew.] The Anoint- 
ed; the Christ; the Saviour of the world; the 
Prince of peace. Watts. 
MESSI'AHSHIP* mes-sl'-a-shlp. n.s. The office of 

the Messiah. South. 
MESSI' E URS : mesh'-shoorz, or mesh-sh6orz'. n. s. 

[Fr. ; plural of monsieur.] Sirs; gentlemen. 
ME'SSMATE, mes'-mate. n.s. [mess and mate.] 

One who eats at the same table. 
ME'SSUAGE, mes'-swadje. n. s. [messnagium, low 
Lat.] The house and ground set apart for house- 
hold uses. 
MESY'MNICUM t, me-sW-nc-kum. n, s. A repe- 
tition at the end of a stanza ; a kind of burden. 
MET. met. 77. The preterit and part, of meet. 
ME TA' BASIS, me-tab'-a-sk 503. n. s. [Gr.] [In 
rhetoric*.] A figure by which the orator passes 
from one thing to another. Diet. 
META'BOLA, me-tab'-bc-la. n.s. [pcrapoh).] [In 
medicine.] A change of time, air, or disease. 



METACARPAL, met-ta-kar'-pal. a. Belonging to 
the metacarpus. Sharp. 

AIF/rvCA'RPUS^et-ta-kar'-p&s. n.s. [peraKdpiri 
or.] A bone of the arm made up of four bones, 
which are joined to the fingers. Wiseman. 

META CHRONISM*, mi-iak'-ri-nlzm. n.s. [ptrd 
and xpdvos.] A mistake in the computation of time. 
Placing an event after the time when it really hap- 
pened. Gregory. 

ME'TAGE*, me'"-taje. n. s. [from To mete.] Meas- 
urement of coals. Price of measuring. ■ 

MET AGRAMMATISM, met-a-gram'-a-tlzm. n.s. 
[pcTtl and ypdnna.] A dissolution of a name into its 
letters, as its elements, and a new connexion of it 
by artificial transposition, making some perfect 
sense applicable to the person named. Camden. 

ME'TAL^, met'-tl. n.s. [Fr. ; metallum, Lat.] A 
firm, heavy, and hard substance, opaque, fusible by- 
fire, and concreting again, when cold, into a solid 
body such as it was before, which is malleable 
under the hammer, and is of a bright, glossy, and 
glittering- substance where newly cut or broken. 
Hill. Courage; spirit : more frequently written, 
in this sense, mettle. Clarendon. 

33= As the metaphorical sense of this word, courage and 
spirit, has passed into a different orthography, mettle, 
so the orthography of this sense has corrupted the pro- 
nunciation of the original word, and made it perfectly 
similar to the metaphorical one. It is almost the only 
instance in the language where al is pronounced in thi3 
manner, and the impropriety is so striking as to en- 
courage an accurate speaker to restore the a to its 
sound, as heard in medal. — See Spittal. W 

METALLED*. See Mettled. 

METALE'PSIS §, met-ta-lep'-sis. n.s. [perd^is-} 
A continuation of a trope in one word through a 
succession of significations. Bailey. 

METALE'PTICALLY*, met-a-lep'-te-kat-le. ad. 
By transposition. Bp. Sanderson. 

METALLIC AL, me-tal'-le-kal. > a. Partaking of 

META'LLICK, me-ial'-lik. 509. ) metal; contain- 
ing metal ; consisting of metal. Wotton. 

METALLITEROUS ; met-tal-llf'-fer-us. a. [metallum 
and fero, Lat.] Producing metals. Diet. 

META'LLINE, meY-tal-Une. a. Impregnated with 
metal. Bacon. Consisting of metal. Boyle. 

§Cr Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, and Bailey, ac- 
cent the second syllable of this word ; but Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, Barclay, Fenning, 
and Entick, the first. I do not hesitate to pronounce 
the latter mode the more correct ; first, as it is a simple 
in our language, and, having three syllables, requires 
the accent on the antepenultimate, notwithstanding 
the double I. See Medicinal. In the next place, 
though there is no metallinus in Latin, it ought to fol- 
low the analogy of words of that termination derived 
from the Latin, as crystallinus, serpentinus, &c, 
which, when anglicised, lose the last syllable, and re- 
move the accent to the first. See Academy. — For the i 
in the last syllable, see Principles, No. 148, 149. W. 

ME TALLIST, met'-tal-llst. n.s. [melalliste, Fr.] A 
worker in metals ; one skilled in metals. Mo.ron. 

METALLOGRAPHY, met-tal-log'-gra-fe. 51 8. n.s. 
[metallum, and ypd<pu).] An account or description 
of metals. Diet. 
METALLURGIST, meV-tal-lfir-jfst. n. s. [metal 

lum. and eoyov.] A worker in metals. 
METALLURGY, meY-tal-lur-je. n. s. The art of 
working metals, or separating them from their ore 
Wurton. 
£5= This word is accented three different ways by differ- 
ent orthoepists. Dr. Johnson, Barclay, Fenning, and 
Perry, accent it on the second syllable ; Sheridan, Bu- 
chanan, and Bailey on the third ; and Ash, Scott, Nares, 
and Entick, on the first ; and Kenrick on the first and 
third. The accent on the first seems to me the most 
correct. Bailey derives this word from the Greek 
utraWovpyia ; and words of this form, upon dropping a 
syllable when anglicised, remove the accent higher; as 
philosophy, philology, &c, from (pi\oco<pia, <piko\oyia. 
The accent thus removed, in enclitical terminations; 
513, generally falls upon the antepenultimate syllable, 
unless in the two succeeding syllables there are un- 
combinable consonants, as chiromancy, oligarchy ; and, 
in this ease, for the ease of pronunciation, the accent 
597 





MET 


MET 




\TT 559.— File, f^r, fall, fat-,. 


— me, met ; — pine, pin ; — 



generally rises to the next syllable, which throws a 
secondary or alternate accent on the penultimate, and, 
by this means, gives the organs a greater force to pro- 
nounce the uncombinable consonants than if they im- 
mediately followed the principal stress. See Princi 
plc$,No ol7,5I9. W. 
ME'TALMAN*, meY-tl-man. n.s. A coppersmith 

a tinman. Burton, 
To METAMORPHOSE §, met-ta-mcV-fus. v. a, 
[ucTaixooipow.] To change the form or shape of any 
thing'. Varies. 
METAMO'RPPIOSER* met-ta-mdr^-fo-sur. n. s. 

One who changes the shape. Gascoigne. 
METAMO'RPHOSICK*, met-ta-mdr'-fd-slk. a. 

Transforming ; changing- the shape. Pownall. 
METAMO'RPHOSIS. met-ta-mcV-io-sk 520. n.s. 
[iJiera^opfptiXTii.] Transformation; change of shape. 
Sidney. 
JME ; TAPHOR§, meV-ta-f&r. 166. n.s. {jierdfopa.] 
The application of a word to a use to which, in 
its original import, it cannot be put : as, He bridles 
his anger; He deadens the sound ; The spring <«m£es 
the flowers. A metaphor is a simile comprised in a 
word. Dry den. 
METAPHORICAL, met-ta-uV-e-kal. ; Kno 
METAPHO'RICK, met-ta-fbr'-lk. \50S. a. 

Not literal ; not according to the primitive mean- 
ing of the word; figurative. Hooker. 
METAPHORICALLY* met-ta-for'-e-kal-le. ad. 

Figuratively ; not literally. Burton. 
METATHORIST* me-taP-6-rfst. n.s. A maker of 

metaphors. Arbuthnot. 
ME'TAPHRASE §, met ; -ta-fraze. n. s. [ F Erd<ppacrts.~] 
A mere verbal translation from one language into 
another; a close interpretation. Dry den. 
ME'TAPHRAST, meV-ta-frasi. n.s. [^rdcppa^m.] 
A literal translator; one who translates word for 
word from one language into another; an inter- 
preter. Warton. 
METAPHR A'STICK* mel-ta-fras'-tik. a. Close in 

interpretation ; literal. Warton. 
METAPHYSICAL, mel-ta-fV-e-kal. ) a. Versed 
METAPHY / SlCK,met-ta-fiz'-lk.524, , in meta 
physicks ; relating to metaphysicks. Hudibras. In 
Shakspeare it means supernatural or preternatural. 
METAPHYSICALLY*, met-ta-ffz'-e-kal-le. ad. 
In a metaphysical manner ; with metaphysical dis- 
tinction. Soidh. 
METAPHYSICIAN*, mel-la-fe-zkh'-an. n.s. One 

versed in melaphvsicks. Warton. 
METAPHYSICS, met-la-fk'-?k. ) n. s. [usra- 
METAPHYSICKS^met-ta-flz'-iks. S <pv<rutij.] On- 
tology ; the doctrine of the general affections of 
Watts. 
meV-ta-plazm. n. s. [fteYavXafffibs.] 
A figure in rhetorick, wherein words or letters are 
transposed contrary to their natural order. Diet. 
METASTASIS, me-tas'-ta-sk 520. n. s. yera^d 

ms-] Translation or removal. Harvey. 
METATARSAL, mel-a-tlr'-sal. a. Belonging to 

the metatarsus. Sharp. 
METATARSUS, met-a-tar'-sus. n. s. [^ha and 
rapvbs] The middle of the foot, which is composed 
of five small bones connected to those of the first 
part of the foot. Wiseman. 
METATHESIS, me-tkV-e-sk 520. n.s. A trans- 
position. Greenhill. 
To METE§, mete. v. a. [metior, Lat.] To measure; 

to reduce to measure. Psalins. 
To METEMPSYCHO'SE, me-temp-se-kose'. v. a. 
To translate from body to body. Peacham. Not used. 
METEMPSYCHOSIS §, me-lemp-se-k6 -sk 520. 
n.s. [fi£Tzi/.ipvx<j)ots.~] The transmigration of souls 
from body to body. Brown. 
METEORS, meMe-ur, or me'-tshe-ur. 263. n.s. (>- 
rmpa.] Any bodies in the air or sky that are of a 
flux and transitory nature. Bacon. 
To METEORIZE*, me'-te-o-rlze. v. n. To ascend 

in evaporation. Evelyn. 
METEOROLOGICAL, me-te'-c-ro-tfd'-je-kal. 
518. a. Relating to the doctrine of meteors. Brown. 
METEOROLOGIST, me-te-6-r&l'-l6-j?st. n. s. A 



substances existing. 
METAPLASM 



man skilled in meteors, or studious of them 
Howell. 
METEORO'LOGY, me-te-6-rolM6-je. n.s. |>r«o- 

pa and Afyw.] The doctrine of meteors. Brown. 
METEOROSCOPEt, me-te'-i-ros-kipe. n. s. An 
instrument for taking the magnitude and distances 
of heavenly bodies. 
METE'OROUS, me-te'-o-rfis. a. Having the nature 

of a meteor. Milton. 
METER, me'-tur. 98. n. s. A measurer : as, a coal- 

meter, a ]and-meter. 

METEWAND, mete'-wond. )n. s. [mete and ijard, 

ME'TEYARD, mele'-yard. $ or wand.] A staff of a 

certain length wherewith measures are taken. Lev. 

METHE'GLIN, me-^eg'-lin. n. s. [meddyglyn, 

Welsh.] Drink made of honey boiled with water 

and fermented. Dry den. 

METHI'NKS, me-J/imks'. verb impersonal. I think ; 

it seems to me ; meseems. Spenser. 
METHODS, meth'-M. 166. n.s. [piOaSos.] The 
placing of several things, or performing several op- 
erations, in such an order as is most convenient to 
attain some end. Watts. 
METKOTJICAL, me-tfiod'-e-kal. a. Ranged or pro 

ceeding in due or just order. Addison. 
METHODICALLY, me-^od'-e-kal-e. ad. Accord- 
ing to method and order. Suckling. 
METHO'DICK*, mb-thbd'-Jk. a. [methodique, Fr.] 
Ranged or proceeding in just and due order. Spen- 
ser. Denoting those who follow the method of the 
ancient school of physicians, known by the name 
of Methodists. Grew. 
METHODISM*, m&h'-b-dhm. n. s. The religious 

opinions of Methodists. Warburton. 
METHODIST, meW-6-dk. n. s. An observer of 
method, generally speaking, without reference 
either to pnysiek or religion. Hermeticall Banquet. 
A physician who practises by theory. Marston. 
One of a new kind of Puritans; so called from their 
profession to live by rules and in constant method. 
The followers of Wesley and Whitfield. The word 
is often vaguely and unjustly used of persons, who 
are no sectaries. Johnson. 
METHODFSTICAL*, metfi-6-dk-te-kal. a. Relat- 
ing lo the religious sect of Methodists. Bp. Lavingt. 
To METHODIZE, mkh'-b-d\7». v. a. To regulate; 

lo dispose in order. Dry den. 
METHO UGHT, me-tfiawt'. The pret. of melhinks. 

I thought ; it appeared to me. Milton. 
METFCULOUSS* me-llk'-u-lus. a. [meticulosus, 

Lat.] Fearful ; timid. Coles. Ob. T. 
METFCULOUSLY*, me-tlk'-u-lus-le. ad. Timidly. 

Brown. 
METONY'MICAL, met-t6-mW-me-kal. a. Put by 

metonymy for something else. Dafgarno. 
METONY'MICALLY, mel-io-nim'-me-kal-e. ad. 

By metonymy; not literally. Boyle. 
METO'NYMY'§, me-ton'-e-me, or mCt'-6-n?m-e. n. s. 
{aeTu>vvj)ia.'\ A rhetorical figure, by which one word 
Is put for another, as the matter for the materiate : 
He died by steel, that is, by a sword. Tillo'son. 
tyjr Authorities for the two different ways of accenting 
this word are so nearly balanced, that it is hard to say 
which preponderates. Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr 
Ash, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Bailey, are for the first; 
and Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Barclay, Entick, and Gibbons, the author of the 
Rhetorick, for the last. In this case the ear and analo- 
gy ought to decide. I have no doubt but the accent on 
the first syllable was the ancient mode of pronouncing 
this word, as we find it so accented in almost all the 
systems of rhetorick published several years ago for 
the use of schools : and as these words from the Greek 
were generally pronounced in the Latin manner, that is, 
the accent on the antepenultimate in metonymia, and 
not on the penultimate, as in fieriovv[.da, the secondary 
accent naturally fell on the first syllable, which is nat- 
urally become the principal of the English metonymy 
503.— See Academy. But that the ear is pleased wjth 
the antepenultimate accent cannot be doubted; and 
that this word has as great a right to that accent as 
lippthymy, homovymy, synonymy, <Scc, is unquestion- 
able. Besides, the enclitical accent, as this may be 
called, is so agreeable to the ear, that, without evident 
598 



MIC 



MID 



— 116, move, nor, not ;— tube, n'.b, bull ;— oil ;— p&und ;— Min, this. 



reasons to the contrary, it onght always to bo preferred. 
See Principles, Nos. 513, 518, 519. /I . 

METOPE*, n.s. [metope. Fr.] A square space be- 
tween triglyphs in the frieze of the Dorick order. 
Warlon. 

METOPO / SCOPIST*,met-t6-p6s / -k6.pist.n. s. One 

versed in the study of physiognomy. Letters on 
Plntsiosrnornv. 

METOPOSCOPY$. rnet-t6- P 6s'-k6-pe. 518. n. s. 
[fitrio-zov and (tkctttu).] The study of physiognomy. 
Burton. 

METRES me'-ter. 416. n. s. [metrum, Lat.; fifrpov, 
Gr.] Speech confined to a certain number and liar- 
monick disposition of syllables ; verse ; measure ; 
numbers. Pope. 

ME'TRICAL, meV-tre-k&l. a. [metricus, Lat.] Per- 
taining' to metre or numbers. Bp. Taylor. Con- 
sisting 1 of verses : as, ? netrkal precepts. Warton. 

METRT'CIASJ*, me-trfsh'-an. )n. s. A writer of 

ME'TRIST*, me'-trlst. $ verses. Bale. 

METROPOLIS*, me-trop'-P - 1 ^. 518. n.s. [me- 
tropolis. Lat. ; in'jrnp and k6\is , Gr.] The mother 
cilv ; the chief city of any country or district. Milt. 

METROPOLITAN, met-tr6-pol'-le-tan. n. s. A 
bishop of the mother church ; an archbishop. Bale. 

METROPOLITAN, met-tro-p&'-le-tan. a. Belong- 
ing to a metropolis. Raleigh. 

METROTOLITE*, me-trop'-p6-llte. n. s. A metro- 
politan; an archbishop; a bishop of the mother 
church. Barrow. 

METROPOLFTICAL, ineutr6-p6-Kt'-e-kaU. Chief 
or principal as applied to cities. Knollcs. Denot- 
ing archiepiscopal dignity or power. Bp. Hall. 

METROPO'LITICK*. me , t-tr&-pol / -e-t?k. a. Archie- 
pisoopal. Seldon. Ob. T. 

ME'TTLEy, met'-ll. 405. [See Metal.] n. s. [cor- 
rupted from metal.] Spirit; sprightliness ; courage. 
Shakspeare. Substance. Shakspeare. 

ME'TTLED, meV-tl'd. 359. a.Sprightly; courageous ; 
full of ardour. B. Jonson. 

ME'TTLESOME, met'-tl-s&m. a. Sprightly ; lively ; 
gay ; brisk ; airy. Toiler. 

ME'TTLESOMELY, meY-tl-sum-le. ad. With 
sprightliness. 

ME'TWAND*. See Metewand. Burke. 

MEW §, mu. n. s. [mue, Fr.] A cage for hawks. The 
king's metos at Charing Cross is the place where for- 
merly the king's hawks were kept. Clmucer. A 
cage"; an enclosure ; a place where any thing is con- 
fined. Spenser, [maep, Sax.] A sea-fowl. Carew. 

To MEW, mu. v. a. To shut up ; to confine ; to im- 1 
prison ; to enclose. Spenser. To shed the feathers 
Dryden. [miauler, Fr.] To cry as a cat. Shak. 

To MEW*, mu. v. n. [muer, Fr/] To change ; to put ' 
on a new appearance. Turbervile. 

ME'WING* mu'-ing. n. s. The act of moulting, j 
Cotsrave. 

To MEWL, mule. r. n. [miauler, Fr.] To squall as a I 
child. Shakspeare. 

ME'WLER*, mtV-l5r. n. s. One who squalls or| 
mewls. Cotgrave. 

MEZE'REON, me-ze'-re-un. 166. 7*. s. A species of I 
spurge laurel. Hill. 

MEZZO-RELIEVO*, meV-so-re-lce'-v6. ?i. s.\ 
[Ital.] Projection of figures between the proportion j 
of those malto and basso relievo ; called also demi- j 
relievo. Maundrell. 

MEZZOTI'NTO, met-s6-t?n'-t6. n.s. [Ital.] Aj 
kind of graving so named as nearly resembling 
paint, the word importing lialf -painted. 

MEYNT. a. Mingled. Ob. J. See Meine. 

MP ASM, ml'-azm. n. s. [piaiyw.] Such particles or 
atoms as are supposed to arise from distempered, 
putrefying, or poisonous bodies. Harvey. 

93~ The plural of this word, in plain English, is miasvis: 
if we choose to be learned, and use the Greek singular 
miasma, we must make the plural miasmata. — See 

STAM1WA. W. 

MICA*, ml'-ka. n. s. [Lat.] In natural history, a 

genus of talcs. Clmmbers. 
MICACEOUS*, ml-ka'-shfis. a. Of the nature of 

mica ; easily separable. Pennant. 



MICE. mlse. n. s. The plural of mouse. 

MI'CHAELMAS, imV-kel-m&s. 201,88. n.s. [Mi- 
chael and mass.] The feast of the archangel Mkhae.t r 
celebrated on the twenty-ninth of September. 

To MICHES, mltsh. v.n. [old Fr.] To pilfer; to 
commit secret theA. Gower. To be secret or cov- 
ered ; to lie hid. Spenser. 

MFCIIER, mltsh'-ur. [mltsh'-fir, Sheridan, Perry, 
and Jones.] n. s. A thief; a pilferer. Chaucer. A 
lazy loiterer, who skulks about in corners aud by- 
places; a hedge-creeper. Sidriey. 

$Cf*This word, and the verb from which it is derived, are, 
in Ireland, pronounced with the short i,as Mr. Sheridan 
has marked it; but I am much mistaken if it is not, in 
England, pronounced with the long i, as more agreeable 
to the orthography. There is a character in the farce 
of the Stage Coach, written by Furquhar, called Micher, 
and this I recollect to have heard with the i pronounced 
long. W. 

MPCHERY*. ml'-tshur-e, or mllsh'-ur-e. n. s. Theft ; 

cheating. Gower. 
MFCKLE, mik'-kl. 405. a. [micel, Sax.] Much; 

great. Spenser, 



MICROCOSMS, ml'-kri-k&zm. n. s. [nhpoc and 
Koo-juo?.] The little world. Man is so called. Swift. 
MICROCO'SMICAL*. ml-kr6-k6z'-me-kal. a. Per- 



taining to the microcosm. Brown. 

MFCROGRAPHY, ml-krog'-ra-fe. 129. n.s. Lu/cpos 
and ypd(pio.] The description of the parts of such 
very small objects as are discernible only with a 
microscope. Grew. 

OCT Why Mr. Sheridan should cross the general line of 
pronunciation, by accenting this word on the first sylla 
ble, cannot be conceived, especially as he has accented 
micrometer properly. — See Principles, No. 518. W. 

MICRO'METER, ml-kr&m'-me-tur. 129, 518. n. s. 
[fi'iKpoi and fxtrpov.] An instrument contrived to 
measure small spaces. 

MFCROSCOPE§, ml'-kr6-sk6pe. n.s. [/iKpog and 
(TKoniw.] An optick instrument, contrived to give to 
the eye a large appearance of many olyects which 
could not otherwise be seen. Bentley. 

MICROSCOPICAL, ml-krd-sk&p'-e-kal. ) „ 

MICROSCOTICK, ml-kr6-sk6p A -pik. 509. \ 
Made by a microscope. Arbuthnot. Assisted by a 
microscope. Thomson. Resembling a microscope. 
Pope. 

MID$, m?d. a. [mibb, Sax.] Middle; equally be- 
tween two extremes. Pope. It is much used in 
composition. 

MID-AGE*, mid'-aje. n. s. The middle age of life. 
Persons in that state. Shakspeare. 

MID-COURSE, mid'-kdrse. n. s. Middle of the way. 
Milton. 

MID-DAY, mM'-da. a. Meridional, being at noon. 
Sidney. 

MID-DAY. m?d'-da. n. s. Noon ; meridian. Donne. 

MID-HEAVEN, midMiev-v'n. n. s. The middle of 
the skv. Milton. 

MID-SEA, mid'-se. n. s. The Mediterranean sea. 
Dryden. 

MID- WOOD*, mid'-wud. a. In the middle of the 
wood. Thomson. 

MFD A*, ml'-da. n. s. [pl&as.] A worm, called the 
bean-fly. Chambers. 

MFDDEN*, mid'-dn. ) n. s. [mibbin#, Sax.] A 

MI'DDING* mld'-ding. $ dunghill. Favour. 

MFDDEST, mid'-dest. superl. of mid, middest, 
midst. 

MFDDLE§,mld'-dl. 405. a. [mibbeI,Sax.] Equally 
distant from the two extremes. Bacon. Intermedi- 
ate ; intervening. Davies.— Middle finger. The long 
finger. Sharp. 

Ml'DDLE, mld'-dl. n. s. Part equally distant from 
two extremities ; the part remote from the verge. 
Judges. The time that passes, or events that hap- 
pen, between the beginning and end. Dryden. 

MIDDLE-AGED, mid'-dl-adj'd. 359. a. Placed 
about the middle of life. Arbuthnot. 

MIDDLE- EARTH*, mU'-d\-kth. n. s. [mibball- 
eanb, Sax.] The world ; the place between the 
ethereal and lower regions. Shakspeare. 
599 



MIG 














MIL 


0=559.- 


-Fate 


far, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, met ;- 


— pine 


pin 5 — 



MIDDLE-WITTED* mld'-dl-wlt'-tecl. a. Of mod- 
erate abilities. Tz. Walton. 

MIDDLEMOST, mld'-dl-most. a. Being in the mid- 
dle. More. 

MIDDLING, mld'-llng. 410. a. Of middle rank ; of 
condition equally remote from high and low. L 'Es- 
trange. Ot moderate size ; having moderate qual- 
ities of any kind. Graunt. 

MFDDLINGLY*, mld'-ling-le. ad. Passably; indif- 
ferently. Johnson. 

MIDGE, mldje. n. s. [micb^e, Sax.] A gnat. Per- 
cifs Re I. 

MFDLAND, mMMand. 88. a. Remote from the 
coast. Brown. Surrounded by land; mediterra- 
nean. Dryden. 

MFDLEG. mld'-leg. n. s. Middle of the leg. Bacon. 

MFDLENT*, mid' -lent, n. s. [mib-lencten, Sax.] 
The middle of Lent. Wheatly. 

MFDLENTING*, mld'-lent-lng. a. Going about to 
visit parents at midlent. Wheatly. 

MFDMOST, m'id / -m6st. a. [mibmepfca, Sax.] The 
middle. Dryden. 

MFDNIGHT, mld'-nlte. n.s. [mibnihfc, Sax.] The 
noon of night; the depth of night; twelve at night. 
Milton. 

MFDNIGHT, mld'-nlte. a. Being in the middle of 
the night. Shakspeare. 

MFDRIFF, mld'-drlf. n. s. [mibhp.ipe, Sax.] The 
diaphragm. Quincy. 

MI'DSHIP*, mld'-shlp. n. s. [mid and ship.] A term 
of distinction, applied by shipwrights to several 
pieces of timber which lie in the broadest part of 
the vessel. Cliambers. 

MIDSHIPMAN, mld'-shlp-man. 88. n. s. [from mid, 
ship, and man.~\ An officer aboard a ship, next in 
rank to a lieutenant. Hanis. 

MIDST, midst, n. s. Middle. Bp. Taylor. 

MIDST, midst, a. Midmost ; being m the middle. 
Milton. 

MIDST*, midst, prep. Poetically used for amidst. 

MIDSTREAM, mld'-streme. n.s. Middle of the 
stream. Dryden. 

MFDSUMMER, mld'-sfim-mur. n. s. [mibj-umep, 
Sax.] The summer solstice, reckoned to fall on 
June the twenty-first. Swift. 

MFDWARD*, mld'-ward.ad. [mibbepeajib.Sax.] 
Midst. Prompt. Parv. 

MFD WAY, mld'-wa. n. s. The part of the way 
equally distant from the beginning and end. Shale. 

MFD WAY, mld'-wa. a. Being in the middle between 
two places. Shakspeare. 

MFDWAY, mld'-wa. ad. In the middle of the pas- 
sage. Dryden. 

MFDWIFE§, mld'-wlfe. 144. n.s. [mid and pip, 
Sax.] A woman who assists women in childbirth. 
Donne. 

To MFDWIFE*, mld'-wlfe. \ v. a. To assist in child- 

To Ml'DWIVE*, rald'-wlve. ] birth. Br evint. To 
produce. Bp. H. King. 

To MIDWIFE*, mld'-wlfe. v. n. To perform the 
office of a midwife. Warburton. 

MFDWIFERY, mld'-wlf-re. 144. n.s. Assistance 
given at childbirth. Trade of a midwife. Act of 
production ; help to production ; co-operation in 
production. Bp. Taylor. 

5^= Though the i is long in midwife, it is always short 
in its derivative midioifery, and the compound man 
midwife. W. 

MFDWINTER, mld'-wln-tfir. n. s. [mibpintep., 
Sax.] The winter solstice : December the twenty- 
first. Dryden. 

MIEN, mene. n.s. [mynd, Goth.] Air; look; man- 
ner. Spenser. 

MIFF*, mlf. n. s. Displeasure ; ill-humour. Pegge. 

MIGHT, mite. 393. The pYeterit of may. To have 
had pewer to ; to have been possible. Locke. 

MIGHT, mite. n.s. [mi£hfc,Sax.] Power; strength; 
force. Spenser. 

MIGHT and Main. Utmost force ; highest degree of 
strength. Dryden. 

MFGHTILY, ml'-te-le. ad. [mihfcilice, Sax.] With 



great power ; powerfully ; efficaciously ; forcibly 
Acts, xix. Vehemently ; vigorously ; violently 
Jonah, iii. In a great degree; very much. Shak. 

MFGHT1NESS, ml'-te-nel. n. s. [mihtmepye, 
Sax.] Power; greatness; heierht of diernity. Shak. 

MFGHTY,ml'-te. a. [mihfci^, Sax.] Strong; val- 
iant. Samuel. Powerful ; having great command. 
Genesis. Powerful by influence. Dryden. Great 
in number. Milton. Strong in corporeal or Intel 
lectual power. Isaio.h. Impetuous ; violent. Isaiah. 
Vast ; enormous ; bulky. Exodus. Excellent ; of 
superiour eminence. Dryden. Forcible ; effica 
cious. Esdras. Expressing or implying powei 
St. Matthew. Important; momentous. Cowley. 

MFGHTY, ml'-te. ad. In a great degree. Prior. 

MFGNIARD*, mln'-yard. a. [mignard, Fr.] Soft; 
dainty ; pretty. B.Jonson. See Miniard. 

MIGNONETTE*, mfn-y6-net'. n.s. [Fr.] An 
annua! flower, with a strong, sweet scent, like that 
of raspberries. Mason. 

To MFGRATE§*, ml'-gr&te. v. n. [migro, Lat.] 
To remove from one place to another ; to change 
residence. Barrington. 

MIGRATION, ml-gra'-sh&n. 129. n. s. {migraiio, 
Lat.] Act of changing residence. Brown. Change 
of place ; removal. Woodward. 

MFGRATORY*, ml'-gra-tur-e. a. Disposed to re 
move from one place to another ; changing resi 
dence. Burke. 

MILCH, mllsh. 352. a. [melee, Sax.] Giving milk. 
Shakspeare. Soft ; tender ; merciful : " milch- 
hearted." Shakspeare. 

MILD§, mild. a. [milb, Sax.] Kind; tender; good; 
indulgent ; merciful ; compassionate ; clement. Ba 
con. Soft ; gentle ; not violent. Waller. Not 
acrid; not corrosive ; not acrimonious ; demulcent; 
assuasive. Arbuthnot. Not sharp ; mellow ; sweet: 
having no mixture of acidity. Davies. 

MFLDEW, mll'-du. n. s. [milbeape, Sax.] A dis- 
ease in plants, caused by a dewy moisture which 
falls, and by its acrimony corrodes the plant : or, 
mildew is rather a concrete substance, which ex- 
udes through the pores of the leaves. What the 
gardeners commonly call mildew is an insect prey- 
ing upon this exudation. Hill. 

To MFLDEW, mll'-du. v. a. To taint with mildew. 
Shakspeare. 

MFLDLY, mlld'-le. ad. [milbelice, Sax.] Tender- 
ly ; not severely. Dryden. Gently ; not violently. 
Bacon. 

MFLDNESS, mlld'-ngs. n. s. Gentleness ; tender- 
ness ; mercy ; clemency. Dryden. Contrariety to 
acrimony. 

MILE, mile. n.s. [mil, mila, Sax.; mille passus, 
Lat.] The usual measure of roads in England, one 
thousand seven hundred and sixty yards. Claren- 
don. 

MFLESTONE, mlle'-stone. n. s. Stone set to mark 
the miles. 

MI'LFOIL,mll'-f&ll.n..s. [millefolium, Lat.] A plant, 
the yarrow. Dryden. 

MILIARY, mll'-ya-re.ll3.a. [milium, Lat.] Small; 
resembling a millet seed. Chexjne. 

MFLIARY Fever, mll'-ya-re-fe'-vur. n.s. A fever that 
produces small eruptions. 

MILICE, me-lese'. n.s. [Fr.] Standing force. Tern 

MFLITANCY*, mll'-e-tan-se. n. s. Warfare. W. 
Mountague. 

MILITANT, mll'-le-tant. a. [militans, Lat.] Fight- 
ing; prosecuting the business of a soldier. Spenser. 
Engaged in warfare with hell and the world. A 
term applied to the church of Christ on earth, as 
opposed to the church triumphant. Hooker. 

MFLITAR, mll'-le-tar. ) a. [militaris, Lat.] En- 

MFLITARY, mll'-le-ta-re. $ gaged in the life of 
a soldier; soldierly. SJuxk. Suiting a soldier; per- 
taining to a soldier ; warlike. Hooker. Effected 
by soldiers. Bacon. Miliiar is obsolete. 

MILITARY*, mll'-le-ta-re. n. s. pi. The soldiery. 

MILITARILY* mll'-le-ta-re-le. ad. In a soldierly 
manner. Trial of the Regicides. 
600 



MIL 



MIM 



—116, move, nor, n&tj— tAbe, tub, bull 3 — fill ;— pot'md;— thm, this. 



To MILITATE*, mll'-le-tate. v. n. [milito, Lat.] 

To oppose ; to operate against. Blackburn. 
MILT TIA, mlWfeh'-ya. n.s. [Lat.] The trainbands ; 

the standing force of a nation. Bacon. 
MILK$, miik. n.s. [melc. Sax.] The liquor with 
which animals feed their young from the breast. 
Shale. Emulsion made by contusion of seeds. Ba- 
con. 
To MILK, milk. v. a. To draw milk from the breast 

by the hand. Pope. To suck. Shakspeare. 
MILKEN, milk'-kn. 103. a. Consisting of milk. 

Tanple. 
MI LKER, milk'-ur. 98. n. s. One that milks ani- 
mals. Dryden. 
MFLKINESS, mnk'-e-nes. n. s. Softness like that 

of milk; approach to the nature of milk. Dnjden. 
MFLKLIVERED, milk'-liv-vfird. a. [milk and liver.] 

Cowardly; timorous; fainthearted. Sliakspeare. 
MILKMAID, milk'-made. n. s. Woman employed 

in the dairy. Dryden. 
MFLKMAN, milli'-man. 38. ?*. s. A man who sells 

milk. 
MFLKPAIL, mflk'-pale. n. s. [milk and pail.] Ves- 
sel into which cows are milked. Waits. 
MFLKPAN, milk'-pan. n. s. [rnilk and pan.] Vessel 

in which milk is kept in the dairy. Bacon. 
MILKPO'TTAGE, mnk-p&t'-tldje. 90. n. s. [milk 
and pottage.] Food made by boiling milk with wa- 
ter and oatmeal. Locke. 
MFLKSCORE, m5lk'-sk6re. n. s. Account of milk 

owed for, scored on a board. Addison. 
MI LKSOP, milk'-s&p. n. s. [milk and sop.] A soft, 

mild, effeminate, feeble-minded man. Chaucer. 
MFLKTOOTH, muk'-t66tfi. n.s. Milkteeth are those 
small teeth which come forth before when a. foal is 
about three months old, and which he begins to 
cast about two years and a half after. Farrier's 
Diet. 
MPLKTHISTLE, mllk'-tfils-sl. n. s. An herb. 
MFLKTREFOIL, muk'-tre-foll. n. s. An herb. 
MI'LKVETCH, mflk'-velsh. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
MFLKWEED, muk'-weed. n.s. A plant. 
MI'LK WHITE, muk'-hwlte. 397. a. White as milk. 

Sidney. 
MFLKWORT, mllk'-wurt. n. s. A bell-shaped 

flower. 
MFLKWOMAN, mllk'-wum-mun. n. s. A woman 
whose business is to serve families with milk. Ar- 
buthnot. 
MFLKY, mllk'-e. 182. a. Made of milk. Resem- 
bling miik. Pope.. Yielding milk. Roscommon. 
Soft ; gentle ; tender ; timorous. Shakspeare. 
MILKY-WAY, mllk'-e-wa. n. s. The galaxy, abroad 
white path or track encompassing the whole hea- 
vens, and extending itself in some places with a 
double path, but, lor the most part, with a single 
one : it consists of an innumerable quantity of fixed 
stars, different in situation and magnitude, from 
the confused mixture of whose light its whole co- 
lour is supposed to be occasioned. Harris. 
MILL §, mill. n. s. [myln, miln, Sax.] An engine or 
fabrick in which corn is ground to meal, or any 
other body is comminuted. Sidney. 
To MILL, mil. v. a. To grind; to comminute. To 
beat up chocolate. To stamp coin in the mints. 
Addison. 
MILL-COG, mfl'-kog. n. s. [mill and cog.] The den- 
ticulations on the circumference of wheels, by which 
they lock into other wheels. Mortimer. 
MILL-DAM, mll'-dam. n. s. The mound by which 
the water is kept up to raise it for the mill. Moiii- 
mer. 
MILL-HORSE, mll'-horse. n. s. Horse that turns a 

mill. Sidney. 
MILL-MOUNTAINS, rall'-moun-tmz. n. s. An herb. 

Ainsworth. 
MILL-SLXPENCE* mll'-siks'-pense. n. s. One of 
the first milled pieces of money used in England, 
and coined in 1561. Douce. 
MILL-TEETH, mW-lhkh. n. s. The grinders ; den- 
ies molares, double teeth. Arbtdhnot. 
MILLENA'RIAN, m?l-le-na'-re-an. n. s. [millervx- 
76 



rius, Lat.] One who expects the millennium. Bui 

lolcar. 
MILLENARY*, mil'-le-na-re. n. .<.-. The space of a 
thousand years. Bale. One who expects the mil- 
lennium. Hakewilt. 
MFLLENARY, mll'-le-na-re. a. Consisting of a 

thousand. Arbutlmot. 
MFLLENIST, mlF-le-nlst. n. 5. One that holds the 

millennium. 
MILLENNIAL, mu-len'-ne-al. a. Pertaining to the 

millennium. Burnet. 
MILLENNIUM, mll-len'-ne-fim. 113. n.s. [Lat.] A 
thousand years; generally taken for the thousand 
years during which, according to an ancient tradi- 
tion in the church, grounded on a doubtful text in 
the Apocalypse, our blessed Saviour shall reign 
with the faithful upon earth after the resurrection, 
before the final completion of beatitude. Burnet. 
MFLLEPED, mftMe-pgd. plur. MILLEPEDES, 
mlF-le-pedz, or mll-lep'-e-dez. n.s. [mille and pes, 
Lat.] A species of the wood-louse, so called from 
its numerous feet; the palmer-worm also has this 
name. Mortimer. 
§^f The former pronunciation of this word is adopted by 
Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and 
Entick; and the latter by Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Bu- 
chanan, and Perry. That the latter is the more fashion- 
able cannot be denied ; but that the former is the more 
correct is evident, from similar words which have been 
anglicised : thus bipeds and quadrupeds have dropped 
their Latin final syllable ; and why the word in question 
should retain it cannot be conceived. Besides, though 
seldom used in the singular, there is no reason why it 
should not be so used ; and then it must necessarily be- 
come milliped .- centipede, properly centiped, is adopt- 
ed; and, by forming centipeds in the plural, shows us 
bow we ought to form and pronounce the word in ques- 
tion ; and if antipodes has not yet submitted to this 
analogy, it is because, like cantharides, caryatides, 
manes, &cc. it is never used in the singular. — See An- 
tipodes. W. 
MFLLER, mll'-lur. 98. n.s. One who attends a mill, 

Shakspeare. 
MFLLER, mll'-lur. n. s. A fly. Ainsworth. 
MILLER'S-THUMB, mll'-lurz-Z/uW. n.s. A small 

fish found in brooks. 
MILLESIMAL, mfl-les'-se-mal. a. [millesimus, Lat.] 
Thousandth ; consisting of thousandth parts. Watts. 
MFLLET, mll'-llt. 99. n. s. [milium, Lat.] A plant. 

Miller. A kind offish. Carew. 
MFLLINER, mlF-lin-nfir. 93. n. s. One who sells 

ribands and dresses for women. Shakspeare. 
MFLL10N§, mu'-yun. 113. n. s. [Fr.] The number 
of a hundred myriads, or ten hundred thousand. 
Shak. A proverbial name for any very great 
number. Locke. 
MFLLIONED*, mil'-yund. a. Multiplied by millions. 

Shakspeare. 
MFLLIONTH, mil'-yfintfi. a. The ten hundred 

thousandth. Bentley. 
MFLLSTONE, mlF-stone. n.s. The stone by which 

corn is comminuted. Dent. xxiv. 
MILT, milt. n. s. [mildt, Dutch.] The sperm of the 

male fish. Walton, [milt, Sax.] The spleen. 
To MILT, milt, v. a. To impregnate the roe or 

spawn of the female fish. 
MFLTER, mnY-ur. 98. n. s. The he of any fish, the 

she being called spawner. Walton. 
MFLTWORT, mut'-wurt. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
MIME §, mime. n. s. [Fr. ; ftifw; , Gr. mimus, Lat.] A 
buffoon who practises gesticulations, either repre- 
sentative of some action, or merely contrived to 
raise mirth. Milton. A ludicrous composition 3 a 
farce. Milton. 
To MIME, mime. v. n. To play the mime. B. Jon- 
son. 
MIMETICAL*, me-met'-e-kal. ? a. [ui^tikos.] Im- 
MIME'TICK t, me-meV-fk. 129. ] native. Hurd. 

Harris. 
MFMICAL, mlm'-me-kal. a. [mimicus, Lat.] Imi- 
tative ; befitting a mimick ; acting the mimick. 
Wotton. 
MFMICALLY, mim'-me-kal-e. ad. In imitation ; in 
a mimical manner. 

601 



MIN 



MIN 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat 3— me, mh;— pine, pin ;- 



MFMICK, mlm'-mlk. 543. n. s. [mimicus, Lat.] A 
ludicrous imitator; a buffoon who copies another's 
act or manner. Milton. A mean or servile imitator. 
Addison. 
MI'MJCK, mim'-mik. a. Imitative. Milton. 
To MFM1CK, mim'-mik. v. a. To imitate as a buf- 
foon; to ridicule by a burlesque imitation. Dryden. 
MPMICKRY, mJm'-mik-re. n.s. Burlesque imitation. 

Spectator. 
MIMO'GRAPHER, me-mog'-gra-fur. 129. n. s. 
[mimus, and ypdcpw.'] A writer of farces. Sir T. 
Herbert. 
MINA'CIOUSS, me-na'-shus. 356,129. a. [minax, 

Lat.] Full of threats. More. 
MINA'CITY, me-nas'-se-te. n. s. Disposition to use 

threats. 
MI'NARET*, mm'-a-ret. n. s. [minor, Turkish.] A 
kind of spire in Saracen architecture. Drummond. 
MFNATORY, mTn'-na-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] [min'-na-tur-e, Perry and Jones; ml'-na- 
tflr-e, Sheridan.'] a. [minor, Lat.] Threatening - . 
Baton. 
To MINCE y ; m?nse v. a. [mincer, Fr.] To cut into 
very small parts. Bacon. To mention any thing 
scrupulously, by a little at a time; to palliate ; to 
extenuate. Shak. To speak with affected softness ; 
to clip the words. Shakspeare. 
To MINCE, minse. v. n. To walk nicely by short 
steps ; to act with appearance of scrupulousness and 
delicacy. Isaiah, iii. To speak small and imper- 
fectly. Diniden, 
MINCE-PIE*, mfnse-pl. ) n. s. A pie made of meat 
MINCED-PIE*, minst-pl. \ minced or cut into very 
small pieces, with other ingredients; called, also, a 
Christmas-pie, as being mostly in use about the 
time of Christmas. Spectator. 
MPNCINGLY,.nuV-smg-le. 410. ad. In small parts; 

not. fully. Hooker. Affectedly. Sheldon. 
MIND§, mind. n. s. [£emynb, Sax.] The intelligent 

Eower. Raleigh. Intellectual capacity. Cowley. 
.iking; choice; inclination; propension; affection. 
Hooker. Quality ; disposition. Dryden. Thoughts ; 
sentiments. Dryden. Opinion. Memory ; remem- 
brance. Bacon.. 

To MIND, mind. v. a. To mark; to attend. Spenser. 
To put in mind ; to remind. Locke. To intend ; to 
moan. Cluipman. 

To MIND, mind. v. n. To incline; to be disposed. 
Spenser. 

MPNDED, mlnd'-gd. a. Disposed; inclined ; affect- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

MPNDFUL, mlnd'-ful. a. Attentive ; heedful ; having 
memorv. Hammond. 

MPNDFULLY, mlnd'-ful-le. ad. Attentively; heed- 
fully. 

MINDFULNESS, mlnd'-ful-ne's. n.s. Attention; 
regard. Sherwood. 

MPNDLESS, mlnd'-lSs. a. Inattentive; regardless. 
Shak. Not endued with a mind ; having no intel- 
lectual powers. Davies. Stupid; unthinking. Shale. 

MIND-STRICKEN, mind'-strlk-k'n. 103. a. [mind 
and stricken] Moved ; affected in mind. Sidney. 

MINE, mine, pronoun poss. [myn, Sax.] Belonging 
to me. St. Luke. 

{)$= In leading the Scripture, as, "Mine eyes have seen 
thy salvation," we are at no loss for the pronunciation 
of this word, as the dignity and solemnity of the compo- 
sition invariably direct us to give the i its long sound, 
as in fine, line, &c. ; but in Milton and other authors, 
where there is no such dignity or solemnity, this sound 
of the word has an intolerable stiffness, and ought not 
to have been used. Thus, in the Spectator, No. 195, 
Mr. Addison says: "Were I to prescribe a rule for 
"drinking, it should be formed upon a saying quoted by 
" Sir William Temple : ' The first glass for myself, the 
"second for my friends, the third for good humour, and 
" the fourth for mine enemies.' " 

In Milton too : 

" Methought 

" Close at mine ear one called me forth to walk." 

Par. Lost. 

In Shakspeare also: 

" Sleeping within mine orchard, 

" My custom always in the afternoon, 



" Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole, 
" With juice of cursed hebona in a phial, 
" And in the porches of mine ears did pour 
" The leprous distilment."— Hamlet. 

In all these instances, we find a formality, a staleness, and 
uncouthness of sound, that is peculiarly unpleasant to 
the ear: and as this mode of writing was introduced 
when our language may be said to have been in its in- 
fancy, for the sake of euphony, (for it is clearly un- 
grammatical ;) so now, when it may be said that it has 
arrived at its maturity, the very same reason seems to 
entitle the present age to alter it ; that is, I mean, the 
pronunciation of it, by substituting my, pronounced like 
me, in its stead. 
The disagreeable sound which mine has in these cases, 
has induced several readers to pronounce it min ; but, 
by thus mincing the matter, (if the pun will be pardon- 
ed me,) they mutilate the word, and leave it more disa- 
greeable to the ear than it was before. Readers, there- 
fore, have no choice, but either to pronounce it as it is 
written, and to let the author be answerable for the ill 
sound ; or, in all language but that of Scripture, to 
change it into my, pronounced like me. 

Shakspeare seems to have used this word ludicrously in 
the Merry Wives of Windsor, where Falstaff says, 
"Mine host of the Garter — truly, mine host, I must 
" turn away some of my followers ;" and the host, by re- 
questing Falstaff to speak scholarly and wisely, seems 
to intimate, that this use of the word mine before a 
vowel or an h was the most correct way of speaking. 
But though thy will, in familiar or ludicrous language, 
admit of being changed into the sound of the — mine. 
will, on no occasion, suffer an alteration into min. 
When the vowel is used familiarly, it is always a bur- 
lesque upon the grave use of it, and therefore requires 
the grave sound, that the humour may not be lost. W. 

MINE §, mine. 64. n.s. [mine, Fr. ; mwyn, or mwn, 
Welsn.] A place or cavern in the earth, which 
contains metals or minerals. Waller. A cavern 
dug under any fortification, that it may sink for 
want of support ; or, in modern war, that powder 
may be lodged in it, which being fired at a proper 
time, whatever is over it may be blown up. Sid- 
ney. 

To MINE, mine. v. n. To dig mines or burrows. 
Walton. To practise secret means of injury. Sack- 
ville. 

To MINE, mine. v. a. To sap ; to ruin by mines ; to 
destroy by slow degrees. Wicliffe. 

MPNER, mlne'-fir. 98. n. s. [mineur, Fr.] One that 
digs for metals. Dryden. One who malces milita- 
ry mines. Toiler. 

MPNERAL §, min'-n^r-al. 88. n. s. [minerale, Lat.] 
Fossil body ; matter dug out of mines. All metals 
are minerals, but all minerals are not metals. Min- 
erals, in the restrained sense, are bodies that may 
be melted, but not malleated. Bacon. 

MPNERAL, min'-neV-al. a. Consisting of fossil bo- 
dies. Woodward. 

MPNERALIST, mm'-ner-al-?st. n. s. One skilled or 
employed in minerals. Boyle. 

MINERALOGIST, mln-ner-al'-lo-jfst. n. s. [miner- 
al, and Aciyof.] One who discourses on minerals. 
Brown. 

MINERALOGY, mm-ner-alMo-je. 518. n. s. The 
doctrine of minerals. 

MPNEVER, min'-e-v&r. n. s. [See Meniver.] The 
skin of the meniver; white fur with specks of black. 
Bp. Hall. 

To MPNGLE §, mfng'-gl. 405. v.a. [men£an, Sax.] 
To mix ; to join ; to compound ; to unite with some- 
thing so as to make one mass. Milton. To con- 
taminate ; to make of dissimilar parts. Milton. To 
confuse. Milton. 

To MPNGLE, mfng'-gl. v.n. To be mixed; to be 
united with. Sliakspeare. 

MPNGLE, mmg'-gl. n.s. Mixture; medley; confused 
mass. Shakspeare. 

MINGLE-MANGLE*, mlng'-gl-mang'-gl. n. s. A 
medley; a hotch-potch. Hooker. 

MFNGLEDLY* mfng'-gld-le. ad. Here and there, 
confusedly. Barret. 

MPNGLER, ming'-gl-ur. 98. n. s. He who mingles. 
Harmar. 

MPNIARD*, min'-yard. a. Soft; dainty. See Mia 

NIARD. 

602 



MIN 



MIN 



-n6, move, nflr, not ;— to.be, iftb, 1)611 ;— Si\ ;— poiWl ;— «/dn, THis. 



To MFNIARDIZE*. min'-yar-dlze. i\ a. [tmgnat- 

diser, Fr.] To render soft, delicate, or dainiv. 

Howell. 

To MI'NIATE $*, mln'-e-ate. c. o. [mintare, Ital. from 

— nitim.] Topaint or tinge with vermilion. Warion. 

MINIATURE, mln'-e-tiue. '214. [mfn'-e-a-ture, 
Perry] n. s. [miniatura, Ital. from manure.] Paint- 
ing by powders mixed with gum and water. Repre- 
sentation in a small compass ; representation less 
than the reality. Sidney . Red letter : rubrick dis- 
tinction. Hickes. 

MINIKEN, mln'-ne-km. a. Small; diminutive. 
[mignon, Fr.] Shakspeare. 

Ml NIKIN, mln'-ne-km. n. s. A darling ; a favourite. 
Johnson. A small sort of pins. 

MFNIM, nuV-nim. n. s. [minimus, Lat.] A small be- 
ing ; a dwarf. Milton. A small sort of fish called 
mennim. One of an order of friars, called Minimi, 
or the least of all, from affected humility. Ancient- 
ly, the shortest note in musick ; now, equal to two 
crotchets. Sluik. A little song or poem. Spenser. 
A small sort of printing letter. 

MFNIMENT*, mln'-ne-ment. n. s. [from munwient.] 
Miniments are the evidences or writings, whereby 
a man is enabled to defend tlie title of his estate. 
Cowel. Proof; testimony. Spenser. 

MI NBtUM*, min'-ne-mam. n. s. [Lat.] The small- 
est quantity possible. 

MINIMUS, nuV-ne-mus. n. s. [Lat.] A being of 
the least size. Shakspeare. 

MFNION v\ mfn'-y&n. 8, 113. n. s. [mignon, Fr.] A 
favourite; a darling; a low dependant. Sidney. 

MFNION*, nuV-yfin. a. Trim ; feat ; dainty ; fine ; 
elegant; also, pleasing; gentle. Huloei. 

MFNION*, mfn'-ytra. n. s. [minium, Lat.] Vermil- 
ion. Burton. 

MFNIONING*, mln'-yun-lng. n. s. Kind treatment. 
Marston. 

MFNIONLIKE*, mln'-yun-llke. )ad. Finely; dain- 

MFNIONLY*, nuV-y&n-le. $ tily ; affectedly. 
Camden. Ob. T. 

MFNIONSHIP* min'-yun-shrp. n.s. State of a fa- 
vourite. Hoicell. Ob. T. 

Ml'NIOUS, mhi'-yfls. 113. a. [minium, Lat.] Of the 
colour of red lead or vermilion. Brown. 

To MINISH, mln'-nish. v. a. [from diminish.'] To 
lessen ; to lop ; to impair. Exodus, v. 

MFNISTER §, mln'-nfe-tfir. 98, 503, (b.) n. s. [Lat.] 
An agent ; one who is employed to any end ; one who 
acts under another. Sidney. One who is employed 
in the administration of government. Bacon. One 
who serves at the altar ; one who performs sacer- 
dotal functions. 1 Col. i. A delegate; an official. 
Sliak. An agent from a foreign power without the 
dignity of an ambassadour. 

To MFNISTER, min'-nis-tfir. v. a. [ministro, Lat.] 
To give ; to supply ; to afibrd. 2 Cor. ix. 

To MFNISTER, mm'-n?s-tfir. v. ft. To attend ; to 
serve in any office. Milton. To give medicines. 
Shak. To give supplies of things needful; to give 
assistance ; to contribute ; to afford. Luke. To at- 
tend on the service of God. Rom. xii. 

MINISTERIAL, mk-nfs-te'-re-al. a. Attendant; 
acting at command. Brown. Acting under su- 
periour authority. Bacon. Sacerdotal ; belonging 
to the ecclesiasticks or their office. Hooker. Per- 
taining to ministers of state. Burke. 

MLNISTE/RIALLY, mln-nfs-te'-re-al-le. ad. In a 
ministerial manner. Wa.terla.nd. 

MFNISTERY, mln'-n?s-tar-e. n.s. Office; service. 
Now contracted to ministry. Digby. 

MTNISTRAL, mJn'-nis-traf. 88. a. Pertaining to a 
minister. 

MFMSTRANT, mm'-nis-trant. a. Attendant; acting 
at command. Milton. 

MINISTRATION, min-nis-tra'-shfin. n.s. Agency; 
intervention ; office of an agent delegated or com- 
missioned by another. Bp. Taylor. Service ; of- 
fice ; ecclesiastical function. Law. 

MFNISTRESS*, nuV-nis-tr&s. n. s. She who sup- 
plies or dispenses. Akenside. 

MFNISTRY, min'-nfs-tre. n.s. [mmi sfentow, Lat.] jj 



Office ; service. Sprat. Office of one set apart to 
preach ; ecclesiastical function. Locke. Agency ; 
interposition. Atterbury. Business. Dryden. Per- 
sons employed in the publick affairs of a state. 
Swift, 

MINIUM, min'-yum. 113. n. s. Red lead. Hill. 

MFNNEKIN*. See Minikin. 

All NNOCK. n. s. See Mimick. Shakspeare. 

MFNNOW, m?n'-no. 327. n. s. [menu, Fr.] A very 
small fish; a pink. Walton. 

MI NOR, ml'-nur. 1G6. a. [Lat.] Petty; inconsidera- 
ble. Broum. Inferiour. Warton. Less; smaller. 
Clareiuion. 

MFNOR, ml'-nur. n. s. One under age. Davies. The 
second or particular proposition in the syllogism. 
Bacon. A Franciscan friar : a name adopted to 
express their extraordinary humility. Minorite is 
another English term for these persons. 

ToMFNORATES, ml'-n6-rate. v. a. [minor, Lat.] 
To lessen; to diminish. Brown. 

MFNORATION, mi-no-ra'-shun. n.s. The act of 
lessening; diminution; decrease. Walsall. Ob. J. 

MFNORITE* ml'-nur-lte. n. s. A Franciscan friar. 
See Minor. Milton. 

MINO'RITY, me-n&r'-e-te. 129. n.s. The state of 
being under age. Shak. The state of being less. 
Brown. The smaller number. 

MI'NOTAUR, mfn'-no-tawr. n. s. [minos and tau- 
nts.] A monster invented by the poets, half man 
and half bull. Shakspeare. 

MFNSTER, nuV-stur. 98. n. s. [min]*fcepe, Sax.] 
A monastery ; an ecclesiastical fraternity ; a cathe- 
dral church. Lydgate. 

MFNSTREL§, mln'-strll. 99. n.s. [from minster.] A 
musician ; one who plays upon instruments ; a 
singer. Spenser. 

MFNSTRELSY, nuV-strel-se. n. s. Musick; instru- 
mental harmony. Davies. A number of musicians. 
Milton. 

MFNT, mint. n. s. [minte, Sax.] A plant. Dryden. 

MINT§, mint, n ■ s. [moneta, Lat.; mynefc, Sax.] 
The place where money is coined. Addison. Any 
place of invention. Shakspeare. 

To MFNT, mint. v. a. [mynecian, Sax.] To coin ; 
to stamp money. Bacon. To invent; to forge. 
Bacon, [^emynt, Sax.] To aim at; to wish for; 
to have a mind to. 

MFNTAGE, mfat'-ldje. 90. n. s. That which is coined 
or stamped. Milton. The duty paid for coining. 
Ainswortli. 

MFNTER, mint'-ur. 98. n. s. A coiner. Camden. An 
inventer. Gayton. 

MFNTMAN, mlnt'-man. 88. n. s. One skilled in coin- 
age. Bacon. 

MFNTMASTER, mint'-ma-stur. n. s. One who pre- 
sides in coinage. Boyle. One who invents. Locke. 

MFNUET, mm'-nu-lt. 99. n. s. [menuet, Fr.] A state- 
ly, regular dance. Stepney. 

MFNUM, mm 7 -num. n. s. [See Minim.] With prin- 
ters : a small sort of printing letter ; called also 
minion. With musicians : a note of slow time, two 
of which make a semibrief. Bailey. 

MINU y TE§, me-nute 7 . a. [minutus, Lat.] Small; 
little; slender; small in bulk; small in conse- 
quence. Denham. 

$5= If we wish to be very minute, we prononnce the i 
in the first syllable long, as in the word directly, which 
see. W. 

MFNUTE $, nuV-n?t. [nuV-nute, Jones.] n. s. [minu- 
turn, Lat.] The sixtieth part of an hour. Shak. Any 
small space of time. Milton. The first draught of 
any agreement in writing; a short note of any thing 
done or to be done ; a minute detail of things sin- 
gly enumerated. Bp. Taylor. 

95= I have given the colloquial pronunciation of this 
word, but, in all solemn speaking, would recommend the 
orthographical, or that wbich is indicated uy the spell- 
ing. W. 

To MFNUTE, mln'-nlt. v. a. To set down in short 
hints. Spectator. 

MINUTE-BOOK, min'-nft-book. n. s. Book of short 
hints. 

G03 



MIR 



MIS 



EP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



Glass of which 



MINUTE-GLASS, mln'-nlt-glas. n, 
the sand measures a minute. 

MINUTE-HAND*, mln'-nit-hand. n. s. The hand 
that points to the minutes of a clock or watch. A. 
Baxter. 

MINUTE-JACK*, min / -nlt-jak. n. s. Another name 
for Jack oftlie Clockhouse. ShaJcspeare. 

MINUTE-WATCH, nuV-nlt-w&tsh. n. s. A watch 
in which minutes are more distinctly marked than 
in common watches which reckon by the hour. 
Boyle. 

MINUTELY*, mln'-mt-le. a. Happening every 
minute. Hammond. 

MFNUTELY, mm'-nit-le. ad. Every minute ; with 
very little time intervening - . Hammond. 

MINUTELY, me-nuteMe. |See Mixu'te.] ad. To a 
small point j exactly to the least part; nicely. 
Locke. 

MTNU'TENESS, me-nute'-nik n.s. Smallness; ex- 
ility; inconsiderableness. Bentley. 

MINUTLJE*, me-mV-she-e. n. s. pi. [Lat.] The 
smallest particulars. Dr. Maxwell. 

MINX, mlngks. 408. n. s. [probably from mignon.~\ 
A young, pert, wanton girl. ShaJcspeare. 

MINY*, ml'-ne. a. [from mine] Subterraneous; 
below the surface. Thomson. 

MFRABLE*, ml'-ra-bl.a. [mirabilis, Lat.] Wonder- 
ful ; attracting admiration. ShaJcspeare. Ob. T. 

MFRACLE§, mlr'-a-kl. n. s. [miraculum, Lat.] 
A wonder ; something above human power. Shak. 
[In theology.] An effect above human or natural 
power, performed in attestation of some truth. 
Bentley. Anciently, a spectacle, or sort of dra- 
matick entertainment, representing the lives of 
saints and the most eminent scriptural stories. 
Chaucer. 

$£j~ I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the sound of 
the first syllable of this word, as he seems to have 
adopted a vulgar pronunciation, which does not dis- 
tinguish between the sound of i, succeeded by single or 
double r, not final ; and the sound of i final, or succeed- 
ed by r and another consonant. In the former case, the 
i is pure, and has exactly the same sound as its repre- 
sentative y in pyramid, lyrick, &c. ; in the latter, the i 
goes into short e or u, as in birth, virtue, &.c. or sir, 
stir, Sec— See Principles, No. 10S, 109, 110. W. 

To MFRACLE*, rmV-a-kl. r. a. To make wonder- 
ful. Sliakspeare. Oh. T. 

MIRACLE-xMONGER*. imV-a-kl-mung'-gur. n. s. 
A pretender to the performance of miracles ; an im- 

fiostor. Halluwell. 
RA'CULOUS^e-i-dk'-ku-las.a.^nf/YtcM^^Fr.] 
Done by miracle ; produced b) 7 miracle ; effected 
by power more than natural. Rulei^h. 
MIRACULOUSLY, me-rak'-ku-lus-le. ad. By mira- 
cle; by power above that of nature. Spenser. 
MIRA'CULOUSNESS, me-rak'-ku-lus-ne's. v. s. 
The state of being effected by miracle; superiority 
to natural power. West. 
MIRADO'R, mir-a-dore'. n. s. [Span.] A balcony. 

Drifden. 
MIRE§, mire. n. s. [moer, Dutch.] Mud; dirt at the 

bottom of water. Spenser. 
To MIRE, mire. v. a. To whelm in the mud ; to soil 

with mud. ShaJcspeare. 
MIRE, mire. n. s. [myr, Welsh/; myjia, Sax.] An 

ant ; apismire. 
MFRINESS, mV-re-nes. n.s. Dirtiness; fulness of 

mire. 
MIRK§*, m&rk. «. [mi pee, Sax.] Dark; obscure. 

Chaucer, 
MFRKSOME, merk'-suin. a. Dark ; obscure. Spen- 
ser. 
MFRKSOMENESS*, mSrk'-sum-nes. n. s. Obscuri- 
ty. Mountagu. 
MFRKY, mer'-ke. a. Dark ; wanting light. 
MI RROR, mlr'-rur. 109, 166. n. s. [miroir, Fr.] A 
looking glass ; any thing which exhibits represen- 
tations of objects by reflection. Wicliffe. It is 
used for pattern ; for that on which the eye ought 
to be fixed ; an exemplar. Hooker. 
MIRROR-STONE, mir'-rnr-stone. n. s. A kind of 
transparent stone. Ainsxcorth. 



MIRTHS, mert/t. 108. n.s. [myno\ Sax.] Merri 
ment; jollity; gayety; laughter. ShaJcspeare. 

MIRTHFUL, meW-fol. a. Merry; gay; cheerful. 
B. Jonson. 

MFRTHFULLY*, meW-ral-le. ad. In a merry 
manner. Sir T. Herbert. 

MFRTHLESS, merf/i'-hk a. Joyless; cheerless. 
CJiaucer. 

MFRY, ml'-re. a. Deep in mud; muddy. Shak. 
Consisting of mire. Sliakspeare. 

MIS §, mis. An inseparable particle, used in compo- 
sition to mark an ill sense, or depravation of the 
meaning : as, chance, luck ; mischance, ill luck. 
[mes, Teut. and Fr. ; mif, Sax.] 

#Cr° What is remarkable in the pronunciation of this in- 
separable preposition is, that the s, whether the accent 
be on it or not, or whether it be followed by a sharp or 
flat consonant, always retains its sharp, hissing sound, 
and never goes into z, like dis and ex. The reason 
seems to be, that the latter come to us compounded, 
and have their meaning so mingled with the word as to 
coalesce with it, while mis remains a distinct prefix, and 
has but one uniform meaning. W. 

MISACCEPTA/TION, mls-ak-sep-ta'-shan. n. s. 
The act of taking in a wrong sense. 

MISADVENTURE, mls-ad-veV-tshure. n. s. [, 
aventure, Fr.] Mischance ; misfortune ; ill luck 
bad fortune. Clarendon. 

MISADVENTURED, mls-ad-veV-tshur'd. 359. a 
Unfortunate. Shakspeare. 

MISADVFSED, mls-ad-vlz'd'. 359. a. Ill directed. 

To MISAFFE'CT*, mls-af-fgkf. v. a. To dislike 
not to be fond of. Milton. 

MISAFFE'CTED*, mls-af-fekt'-eU a. Ill affected 
ill disposed. Burton. 

To MI8AFFFRM*, mls-af-feW. v. a. To state in 
correctly ; to affirm falsely. Milton. 

MISA'IMED, mls-am'd'. 359. a. Not aimed rightly 
Spenser. 

MIS ALLEGATION*, mls-al-le-ga'-shun. n. s. False 
statement. Bp. Morton. 

To MISALLEGE*, mls-al-lgdje'. v. a. To cite 
falsely, as a proof or argument. Bp. Hall. 

MISALLFANCE*, mls-al-ll'-anse. n. s. Improper 
association. Hurd. 

MISALLFED*, mls-ftl-lide'.a. Ill associated. Burke. 

MFSANTHROPEsSmV-an-i/irope. 503. ) „ 

MISANTHROPOS^mls-an'-Z/zro-p&s. \ 
[iucrdvQou)T:os.~\ A hater of mankind. SJutksveare. 

MISANTHROPICAL*, mis-an-i/irdp'-e-kal. ) 

MISANTHRO'PICK*, inls-an-*/i6p'-lk. \ a - 

Hating mankind. Granger. 

MISANTHROPIST*, mls-an'-torA-pIst. n. s. A 
hater of mankind. Bailey. 

MISANTHROPY, mls-an'-i/iro-pe. 518. n.s. Hatred 
of mankind. Ld. Orrery. 

MISAPPLICATION, mis-ap-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. Ap- 
plication to a wrong purpose. Brown. 

To MISAPPLY', mls-ap-pll'. v. a. To apply to 
wrong purposes. Shakspeare. 

To MISAPPREHEND, mis-ap-pre-hend'. v. a. Not 
to understand rightly. Locke. 

MISAPPREHENSION, mls-ap-pre-heV-shun. n. s. 
Mistake ; not right apprehension. Glanville. 

To MISASCRIBE, mls-as-skrlbe'. v. a. To ascribe 
falsely. Boyle. 

To MISASSFGN, mls-as-slne'. v. a. To assign erro- 
neously. Boyle. 

To MISATTEND*, mls-at-tend'. v. a. To attend 
slightly ; to disregard. Milton. 

To MISBECO'ME, mls-be-kum'. v. a. Not to be- 
come ; to be unseemly ; not to suit. Sidney. 

MISBECO'MINGNESS*, mls-be-kum'-lng-ngs. n. s. 
Unbecomingness. Boyle. 

MISBEGO'T, mls-be-got'. )a. Unlawfully 

MISBEGOTTEN, mls-be-got'-t'n. $ or irregular- 
ly begotten. Slmkspeare. 

To MISBEHA'VE, mls-be-have'. v. n. To act ill or 
impropely. 

To MISBEHA'VE*, mls-be-have'. v. a. To conduct 



ill or improperly. Jortin. 
MISBEHA'VED, mls-be-hav'd 
bred; uncivil. Shakspeare. 
604 



a. Untaught; ill 



MIS 



MIS 



— nd, move, n6r, not j — tube, tab, ball ;— 6?1 ;— pdfind ; — tli\n, THis. 



False religion, a 



a. Bom to misfortune ; un- 



MJSBEHAVIOUR, mls-be-have'-y&r. n. 5. Ill con 
duct ; bad practice. Addison. 

M1SBEL1 EF, mis-be-leef. n 
wrong - belief. Massinger. 

To MISBELI'EVE* mis-be-leev'. r. n. To hold a 
false religion; to believe wrongly. SluiAspeare. 

MISBELIEVER, mis-be-lee'-v&r. «. s. One that 
holds a false religion, or believes wrongly. Dryden. 

To MISBESE EM*, mis-be-seem'. v. a To suit ill; 
not to become. Bp. Hall. 

To MISBESTOW*, mis-be-suV. v. a. To bestow 
improperly. Milton. 

MI SBORN*. nuV-b6rn 
luckily born. Spenser. 

Tv MISCALCULATE, mis-kal'-ku-late. v. a. To 
reckon wrong. Arhuihnot. 

MISCALCULATION*, m?s-kal-ku-la/-shun. n. s. 
Wrong computation. Biblioth. Bibl. 

To MISCA L, mls-kiwl'. 406. v. a. To name improp- 
erly. Shakspeare. 

MISCARRIAGE, mis-kar'-rldje. 90. n. s. Ill con- 
duct. King Clmrles. Unhappy event of our un- 
dertakings ; failure. Locke. Abortion ; act of bring- 
ing forth before the time. Graunt. 

To MISCARRY, mis-kar / -re. v. n. To fail ; not to 
have the intended event; not to succeed. Sliak. 
To have an abortion. Hos. ix. 

To MISCAST, mls-kast v. a. To take a wrong 
account of. Brown. 

MISCELL ANE, mls-sel-lane'. n.s. [See Mastlin.] 
Mixed com : as, wheat and rve. Bacon. 

MISCELLANEOUS, mis-sel-Ia/-ne-us. a. Mingled; 
composed of various kinds. Broicn. 

MISCELLANEOUSNESS, mfs-sel-la'-ne-us-nSs. 
n. s. Composition of various kinds. 

MFSCELLANY§, mls'-sel-len-e. 503. a. [misceliu- 
neics, Lat.] Mixed of various kinds. Bacon. 

$5= The accent on the first syllable of this word, which 
is the accentuation of all our orthoepists, except Dr. 
Ken rick, is a proof of the tendency to follow the secon- 
dary accent of the original Latin word, notwithstand- 
ing the double consonant in the middle. Thus miscella- j 
nea, in our pronunciation of it, having a stress on the ] 
first, becomes the accent, when the word is anglicised 
by dropping a syllable. — See Academy, Mammillart, 
and Medullary. TV. 

MFSCELL ANY, tmV-sel-len-e. n. s. A mass formed 
out of various kinds. Heicyt. 

To MISCENTRE*, iris-sen'-tur. v. a. To place 
amiss. Donne. 

MISCHANCE, mls-tshanse'. n. s. Ill luck ; ill for- 
tune ; misfortune ; mishap. Sidney. 

To MISCHARGE*, mls-tsharje'. v. a. To charge 
amiss in an account. Hale. 

MISCHIEFS, mV-tshlf. 277. n. s. [meschef, old Fi\] 
Harm ; hurt ; whatever is ill and injuriously done. 
Spenser. Ill consequence ; vexatious affair. Swift. 

To MFSCHIEF, mV-tshlf. v. a. To hurt; to harm ; 
to injure. Milton. 

MFSCHIEFMAKER, m?s'-tshif-ma-kar. n.s. One 
who causes mischief. 

MISCHIEF-MAKING, mis'-tshlf-ma'-kmg. a. Caus- 
ing harm. Rowe. 

MFSCHIEVOUS, mls'-tshe-vus. 277. a. Harmful; 
hurtful; destructive; noxious; pernicious; inju- 
rious; wicked. South. Spiteful; malicious. Mil- 
ton. 



05" There is an accentuation of this word upon the second 
syllable, chiefly confined to the vulgar, which, from its 
agreeableness to analogy, is well worthy of being adopt- 
ed by the learned. Analogy certainly requires, that the 
verb formed from the noun misc/iie/should be mischieve, j 
as from thief, thieve; grief, grieve; belief, believe, 
Sec, with the accent on the second syllable, 492; and 
from such a verb would naturally be formed the adjec- 
tive in question. But what analogy can give sanction 
to a vulgarism ? What Pope observes of the learned in 
another case is but too applicable in this: 
"So much they scorn the crowd, that, if the throng 
u By chance go right, they purposely go wrong." 
To which we may add, that in language, as in many 
other cases, it is safer to be wrong with the polite, than 
right with the vulgar. W. 



MISCHIEVOUSLY, mfs'-tshe-vos-le. ad. Noxioa*. 

ly ; hurtfully ; wickedly. Dryden. 
Ml'SCHlEVOUSNESS, mls'-tshe-vus-nes. n. s. 
Hurtfulness ; pemiciousness ; wickedness. South. 
Ml SCHNA*, nuW-na. n. s. [Hebrew.] A part of 

the Jewish Talmud. Matlier. 
MI SCIBLE, nuV-se-bl. 405. a. [misceo, Lat.] Possi- 
ble to be mingled. Arbuthnot. 
MISCITATION, mls-sl-uV-sh&n. n. s. Unfair or 

false quotation. Bp. Hall. 
To MISCI'TE, mls-slte'. v. a. To quote wrong. 
MISCLA LM, mis-klame'. n. s. Mistaken claim. 

Bacon. 
MISCOMPUTATION, nuVk&m-pu-ta'-shSn. n. s 

False reckoning. Clarendon. 
To MISCONCEIVE, m?s-k6n-seev'. r j. To mis- 
judge ; to have a false notion of. Spenser. 
To MISCONCETVE*, mis-kon-seev'. t>. n. To en 
tertain a mistaken notion; to have a wrong idea, 
2 Mace. iii. 
MISCONCE'IT, mis-k6n-seet y . ? n.s. False 

]VUSCONCE / PTION,m!s-k6n-sep / -shan. ) opinion, 

wrong notion. Hooker. 
MISCONDUCT, mis-k&n'-d&kt. n.s. Ill behaviour; 

ill management. Addison. 
To MISCONDUCT, m?s-k6n-dukt / . v. a. To manage 

amiss ; to carry on wrong. 
MISCONJE'CTURE, mfs-k&n-jek'-tshare. n. s. A 

wrong guess. Brown. 
To MISCONJE'CTURE, mis-kon-jek'-tshure. v. a. 

To guess wrong. 
To MISCONJE'CTURE*, mfs-k&n-jek'-tshure.v.w. 

To make a wrong guess. Bacon. 
MISCONSTRUCTION, mfs-k&n-strok'-shun. n. s. 

Wrong interpretation of words or uhings. Brown. 
To MISCONSTRUE, mfs-kdn'-stru. [See Con- 
strue.] v. a. To interpret wrong. Hooker. 
MISCO'NSTRUER*, mis-k6n'-stru-ur. n. s. One 

who makes a wrong interpretation. Bp. Hall. 
MISCONTINUANCE, mfs-k&n-tiu'-nu-anse. n. s 

Cessation ; intermission. 
To MISCOUNSEL, mls-kSan'-sfl. v. a. To advise 

wrong. Spenser. 
To MISCOUNT, mls-kfiunt'. v. a. [mescounter, Fr.] 
To reckon wrong. 
i I To MISCOUNT*, mls-kSunt'. v. n. To make a false 
!] reckoning. Bp. Patrick. 

|i MFSCREANCE, mV-kre-anse. ) n. s. \rnescreance } 
MFSCREANCY, m?s'-kre-an-se. ) or mescroiance, 
Fr.] Unbelief; false faith ; adherence to a false 
religion. Spenser. 
MFSCREANT§, nuV-kre-ant. n. s. [?mscreant, Fr.] 
One that holds a false faith ; one who believes in 
false gods. Hooker. A vile wretch. Shakspeare. 
MI SCREATE, mls-kre-ate'. ) a. Formed un- 
MFSCREATED, mls-kre-a'-ted. S naturally or il- 
legitimately ; made as by a blunder of nature, 
Spenser. 
To MISDATE*, m?s-date'. v. a. To mark with un- 
true time. Young. 
MISDE'ED, mis-deed', n. s. [mirbseb, Sax.] Evil 

action. Spenser. 
To MISDE'EM, mis-deem' . v. a. Tc judge ill of; to 

mistake. Spenser. 
To MISDEME'AN, mls-de-mene'. v. a. To behave 

ill. Shakspeare. 
MISDEMEANOUR, mfs-de-me'-nar. 166. n. s. 
Offence; ill behaviour. Baron. Mismanagement. 
Seasonable Sermon. 
To MISDERFVE*. rals-de-rlve'. v. a. To turn or 

apply improperly. Bp. Hall. 
MISDESE'RT*, mls-de-zert'. n. s. LI deserving. 

Spenser. 
MISDEVO'TION, mfs-de-vo'-shun. n. s. Mistaken 
iety. Donne. 



pic „ 

MISDTET, mfs-di'-^t. n. s. Improper food. Spenser. 

To MISDIRECT*, mls-de-rekt'. v. a. To lead or 
guide amiss. Shenslone. 

To MISDISTFNGUISH, mis-dis-tingZ-gwlsh. v. a. 
To make wrong distinctions. Hooker. 

MISDISPOSi'TION*, mfs-dis-po-zkh'-un. n. s. In- 
clination to evil. Bp. Hall. 
606 



MIS 



MIS 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, f all, fat ;— me, meH ;— pine, pin i 



IV MISDO, mls-dod'. v. a. [mirboen, Sax.] To do 

wrong - ; to commit. Donne. 
To MISDO', mis-do6'. v. n. To commit faults. Mil- 
ton. 

MISDO'ER, mls-doo'-ur. 98. n.s. An offender; a 
criminal ; a malefactor. Spenser. 

MISDOING, mls-d6o'-lng. n. s. Offence ; deviation 
from right. L' Estrange. 

Tc MISDOUBT, mis-d6&t'. v. a. To suspect of de- 
ceit or danger. Sidney. 

MISDO'UBT, mfs-dflut'. n. s. Suspicion of crime or 
danger. S/iak. Irresolution; hesitation. Shak. 

MIS DOUBTFUL* mls-d6ut'-ful. a. Misgiving. 
Spenser. 

MISDRE'AD*, mls-dred'. n. s. Dread of evil. Bp. 
Hall. 

MISE, mlze. n. s. [Fr.] A law term : disbursement ; 
costs ; taxes ; point or issue. Cowel. 

MISE'ASE*, mls-eez'. n.s. Uneasiness; want of 
ease. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

MISEDI'TION*, mls-e-dlsh'-un. n. s. Not a genuine 
edition. Bp. Hall. 

To MISEMPLOY, mls-em-ploe'. v. a. To use to 
wrong purposes. Dryden. 

MISEMPLO'YMENT, mls-em-pl6e'-ment. n. s. Im- 

f>roper application. Hale. 
SE'NTRY*, mls-en'-tre. n. s. A wrong entry. 

MI'SER$, ml'-zur. 98. n. s. [miser, Lat.] A wretched 
person 5 one overwhelmed with calamity. Sidney. 
A wretch ; a mean fellow. Shak. A wretch cov- 
etous to extremity: the only sense now in use. 
Otway. 

MISERABLE, mlz'-zur-a-bl. 557. a. [Fr.] Unhap- 
py; calamitous; wretched. Shak. Wretched; 
worthless. Job, xvi. Culpably parsimonious ; stin- 
gy. Smith. Despicable ; wretched ; mean. 

Mi'SERABLENESS, mlz'-zur-a-bl-nes. n. s. State 
of misery. Bp. Morton. 

MI'SERABL Y, mlz'-zfir-a-ble. ad. Unhappily; ca- 
lamitously. South. Wretchedly; meanly. Sidney. 
Covetously. Ainsworth. 

MI'SERY, mlz'-zur-e. 440, 557. n. s. [miseria, Lat.] 
Wretchedness; unhappiness. Locke. Calamity; 
misfortune. Shak. [from miser.] Covetousness ; 
avarice. Shakspeare. 

MISESTE'EM, mls-e-steem'. n. s. Disregard; 

To MISFA'LL*, mis-fall', v. n. To befall unluckily. 



To MISFA'RE* mis-fare', v.n. To be in an ill 
state. Gomer. 

MISFA'RE*, mis-fare', n. s. Ill state ; misfortune. 
Spenser. 

To MISFA'SHION, mls-fash'-fin. v. a. To form 
wrong. Hakeicill. 

To MISFE'IGN*, mis-fane', v. n. To feign with an 
ill design. Spensei: 

To MISFO'RM, mis-form', v. a. To put in an ill 
form. Spenser. 

MISFO'RTUNE, mls-for'-tshune. 461. n.s. Calami- 
ty; ill luck; want of good fortune. Sidneij. 

MISFO'RTUNED*, mls-for'-tslnWd. a. Unfortunate. 
Milton. 

To MISGFVE, mls-glv'. v. a. To fill with doubt; to 
deprive of confidence. Shak. To grant or give 
improperly or amiss. Ahp. Laud. 

MISGI'VING, mfs-gfv'-lng. n. s. Doubt ; distrust. 
South. 

MISGO'TTEN*. mls-g&t'-t'n. a. Unjustly obtained. 
Spenser. 

To MISGO'VERN, mls-g&v'-urn. v. a. To govern 
ill ; to administer unfaithfully. Mir. for Mag. 

MISGOVERNED, mls-guv'-urn'd. a. Rude ; unciv- 
ilized. Shakspeare. 

MISGO'VERNANCE, mls-guv'-urn-anse. n.s. Ir- 
regularity. Spenser. 

MISGO'VERNMENT, mls-g&v'-urn-ment. n. s. Ill 
administration of publick affairs. Raleigh. Ill man- 
agement. Bp. Taylor. Irregularity; inordinate 
behaviour. Shakspeare. 
To MISGRA'FF*, mls-graf . v. a. To graft amiss. 
Shakspeare. 



To MISGRO'UND* mls-grfiund'. v. a. To found 

falsely. Bp. Hall. 
MISGUI'DANCE, mls-gyl'-danse. n. s. False di- 
rection. Holder. 
To MISGUI'DE, mls-gylde'. [See Guide.] v. a. 

To direct ill ; to lead the wrong way. Locke. 
MISHA'P, mls-hap'. n.s. LI chance; ill luck; ca- 
lamity. Sidney. 
To MISHA'PPEN* mls-hap'-p'n. v. n. To happen 

ill. Spenser. 
To MISHE'AR*. mls-here'. v. n. To hear imper- 
fectly. Shakspeare. 
MI'SHMASH, mlsh'-mash. n. s. A mingle or hotch 

potch. [misch-masch. Teut.] Sir T. Herbert. 
To MISINFE'R, mls-ln-fer / . v. a. To infer wrong. 

Hooker. 
To MISINFO'RM, mls-ln-fW. v. a. To deceive by 

false accounts. 2 Mace. iii. 
To MISINFO'RM*, mls-ln-f6rm'. v. n. To make 

false information. Mountagu. 
MISINFORMATION, mls-ln-fSr-ma'-shun. n. s. 

False intelligence ; false accounts. Bacon. 
MISINFO'RMER*, mls-fn-form'-ur. n. s. One who 

spreads false information. Bp. Hall. 
To MISINSTRU'CT*, mls-ln-strukt'. v. a. To in- 
struct improperlv. Hooker. 
MISINSTRU'CTION*, mls-ln-struk'-shun. n.s. In- 
struction to an evil purpose. More. 
MISINTE'LLIGENCE*, mls-ln-tel'-le-jense. n. s. 
Misunderstanding; disagreement. Clarendon. Mis- 
information ; false accounts. 
To MISINTE'RPRET, mls-ln-uV-pret. v. a. To 
explain to a wrong sense, or wrong intention. B. 
Jonson. 
MISINTERPRETATION*, mls-ln-ter-pre-ta'- 

shun. n. s. Wrong explanation. Bp. Hall. 
MISINT'ERPRETER* mis-ln-ter'-pre-tur. n. s. 
One who explains to a wrong sense, or wrong in- 
tention. Milton. 
To MISJO'IN, mls-jSln'. v. a. To join unfitly or im- 
properly. Milton. 
To MISJUDGE, mls-jfidje'. v. n. To form false 

opinions; to judge ill. Dryden. 
To MISJU'DGE, mls-j&dje'. v. a. To mistake; to 

judge ill of. V Estrange. 
MISJUDGEMENT*, _ mls-judje'-ment. n. s. Un- 
just judgement; unjust determination. Bishop 
'Hall. 
To MISKE'N*, mis-ken', v. a. To be ignorant of; 

to misunderstand ; not to know. 
MI'SKIN* mls'-kln. n. s. A little bagpipe. Dray- 

ton. Ob. T. 
To MISKI'NDLE*, mls-kln'-dl. v. a. To inflame 

rashly ; to animate to an ill purpose. Bp. Hall. 
To MISKNO'W* m?s-n6'. v. a. Not to know; to be 

ignorant of. Seasonable Sermon. 
To MISLA'Y, mls-la'. v. a. To lay in a wrong 

place. Dryden. 
MISLA YER, mis-la'-ur. 98. n. s. One that puts in 

the wrong place. Bacon. 
To MI'SLE, mls'-sl. v. n. [from mist.] To rain in 
imperceptible drops, like a thick mist : properly 
mistle. Spenser. 
ToMISLE'AD. mls-lede'. v. a. preterit and part, 
pass, misled. To guide a wrong way ; to betray 
to mischief or mistake. SluoJcspeare. 
MISLE'ADER, mls-le'-dur. 98. n. s. One that leads 

to ill. Shakspeare. 
MISLE'ARNED*, mls-lern'-ed. a. Not really or 

properly learned. Bp. Hall. 
MI'SLEN, mls'-lln. n. s. [See Mastlin.] Mixed 

corn. Mortimer. 
MI'SLETOE*. See Mistletoe. 
To MISLI'KE* mls-llke'. v. a. To disapprove ; to 

be not pleased with ; to dislike. Sidney. 
To MISLI'KE, mls-llke'. v. n. Not to be pleased 

with. Milton. 
MISLI'KE, mls-llke'. n. s. Disapprobation; dislike. 

Shakspeare. 
MISLI'KER, mls-ll'-kur. 98. n. s. One that disap- 
proves. Ascham. 
To MISLI'VE, mls-uV. v.n. To live ill. Bp. Hall. 
606 



MIS 



AlfS 



-no, move, udr, n6t;— tibe, tftb. bfill ; — fill 3— pMnd 3— th\n, THis. 



MISLU'CK*, mls-iak'. ». s. Misfortune 3 bad luck. 

Wodroephe. 
To MISMANAGE, mls-man'-ldje. v. a. To mau- 

3°"6 ill I^tOch^ 

MISMANAGEMENT, mls-man'-ldje-ment. n.s. Ill 
management; ill conduct. 

To MISMA'RK, mis-mark', v. a. To mark with the 
wrong token. Collier. 

To MISMATCH, mls-matsh'. v. a. To match un- 
suitably. Soidherne. 

To MISNAME, mis-name', v. a. To call by the 
wrong name. Boyle. 

MISNOMER, mls-n6'-mur. 98. n. s. [Fr.] [In 
law.] A wrong name, by which an indictment, 
or any other act, may be vacated. 

To MISOBSE'RVE, mls-db-zgrv'. v. a. Not to ob- 
serve accurately. Locke. 

MISO'GAMIST, me-s&g'-ga-mlst. 129. n. s. \jueu 
and yauoj.j A marriage hater. 

MISOGYNIST*, me-sdd'-je-nist. n. s. [purQ and 

J'vvt).~\ A woman hater. Fuller. 
SCKGYNY, me-s&d'-je-ne. 129. [ml-s&g'-ge-ne, 
Sheridan.] n. s. Hatred of women. 

MISOPI'NION*, mls-o-pln'-yan. n. s. Erroneous 
notion. Bp. Hall. 

To MISO'RDER, mls-Sr'-dur. v. a. To conduct ill 3 
to manage irregular!'.'. Ascham. 

MISO'RDER, mls-fir'-dflr. 98. n. s. Irregularity 3 
disorderly proceedings. Camden. 

MISO'RDERLY, mls-fir'-dflr-le. a. Irregular 3 un- 
lawful. Ascham. 

To MISPE'L, mls-speT. v. a. To spell wrong. Sped. 

ToMISPE'ND, mls-sp^nd'. v.a. preterit and part, 
pass, mispeni. To spend ill ; to waste ; to con- 
sume to no purpose : to throw awav. B. Jonson. 

MISPEN'DER, mls-spend'-ur. n. s. One who spends 
ill or Drodigally. Norris. 

MISPE V NSE*, mis-so2r.se'. n.s. Waste 3 loss; ill 
employment. Bp. Hall. 

To MISPERSUA'DE*. mls-per-swade'. v. a. To 
bring to a wrong notion. Honker. 

MISPERSUA'SION, mls-per-swa'-zhfln. n. s. 
Wrong- notion 3 false opinion. Bp. Taylor. 

To MISPLA'CE, mls-pla.se'. v. a. To put in a wrong 
place. Shakspeare. 

To MISPCINT, mls-p61nt'. v. a. To confuse sen- 
tences bv wrong punctuation. 

To MISPRI'NT*, mls-prlnt'. v. a. To print wrong. 
Hale. 

MIS PR1 NT*, mls-prlnt'. n. s. An errour of the press. 

To MISPRFSE, mls-prlze'. v. a. [mesprendre, me- 
priser, Fr.] To mistake. Sliak. To slight; to 
scorn ; to despise. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. 

MISPRISION, mls-prlzh'-fin. n. s. Scorn ; con- 
tempt. Slvxk. Mistake ; misconception. Shak. [In 
common law.] Neglect; negligence; oversight. 
Misprision of treason, is the concealment, or not dis- 
closing, of known treason. Misprision of felony, is 
the letting any person, committed for felony, to go 
before he be indicted. Coicel. 

MISPROCE'EDING*, mls-pro-seed'-lng. n.s. Ir- 
regular proceeding. Bacon. 

To MISPROFE'SS*. mls-pro-fes'. v. a. To an- 
nounce unjustly or falsely one's skill in any art or 
science, so as to invite employment. Donne. 

To MISPRONO'UNCE*, mls-pr6-n6unse'. v.n. To 
speak inaccurately. Milton. 

To MISPRONO'UNCE*, mls-pr6-nSunse'. n. a. To 
pronounce improperly. Patrick. 

To MISPROPO'RTION, m?s-pr6-p6r'-shun. v. a. 
To join without due proportion. 

MISFRO'UD, m?s-pr6ad'. a. Vitiously proud. Shak. 

To MISQUO'TE, mls-kwote'. 415. [See Quote.] 
v. a. To quote falsely. Shakspeare. 

To MISRA'TE*, mis-rate', v. a. To make a false 
estimate. Barrow. 

MISRECI'TAL*, mls-re-sl'-tal. n. s. A wrong re- 
cital. Hale. 

To MISRECITE, mls-re-slte 7 . v. a. To recite not 
according to the truth. Bp. Bramhall. 

To MISRE'CKON, mls-rek'-kn. 103. v.a. To reck- 
on wrong ; to compute wrong. 



To MISRELA'TE, mls-re-)ate'. v.a. To relate in 
accurately or falsely. Boyle. 

MISRELA'TION, mls-re-la'-sha n . n. s. False ei 
inaccurate narrative. Bp. Bramhall. 

To MISREME'MBER, mls-re-mem'-bar. v. a. To 
mistake by trusting to memory. Boyle. 

To MISREPO'RT, mis-re-port'.v.a.To give a false 
account of; to give an account disadvantageous 
and false. Hooker. 

MISREPO'RT, mls-re-poit'. n. s. False account. 
Denham. 

To MISREPRESENT, mls-rep-pre-zent'. v. a. To 
represent not as it is ; to falsify to disadvantage 
Milton. 

MISREPRESENTATION, mis-rep-pre-zen-ta' 
shan. n. s. The act of misrepresenting. Swift. 
Account maliciously false. Atterbury. 

MISREPRESE'NTER*, mls-rep-pre-zen'-tar. n. s. 
One who represents things not as they are. Bp, 
Nicolson. 

MISRU'LE, mls-rdol'. 339. n. s. Tumult; confusion , 
revel ; unjust domination. Stubbes. 

MISRU'LY*, mls-r6a'-le. a. Unruly ; turbulent. Bp. 
Hall. 

MISS, mis. n. s. [contracted from mistress.'] The 
term of honour to a young girl. — [Miss, at the be 
ginning of the last century, was appropriated to the 
daughters of gentlemen under the age of tea 
Mistress was then the style of grown up unmar 
ried ladies, though the mother was living ; and 
for a considerable part of the century, maintained 
its ground against the infantine term of Miss 
Todd.]— A strumpet ; a concubine. Dryden. 

To MISS §, mis. v. a. [missen, Dutch and Germ.} 
Missed, preter. missed or mist, part. Not to hit bj 
the mind ; to mistake. Milton. Not to hit by man 
ual aim. Pope. To fail of obtaining. Sidney. To 
discover something to be unexpectedly wanting, 
1 Sam. xxv. To be without. Shak. To omit. 
Whole Duty 0/ Man. To perceive want of. 

To MISS, mis. v. n. To fly wide ; not to hit. Waller. 
Not to succeed. Bacon. To fail; to mistake- 
Spenser. To be lost ; to be wanting. Shak. To 
miscarry; to fail, as by accident. Milton. To 
fail to obtain, learn, or find. Atterbury. 

MISS, mis. n. s. Loss ; want. Shak. Mistake ; er- 
rour. [missa, Goth. ; mij*, Sax.] Chaucer. Hurt ; 
harm. Spenser. 

MI'SSAL, mls'-sal. n. s. [missale, Lat.] The mass 
book. Stillingfieet. 

To MISSA'Y, mls-sa'. v.n. To speak ill of; to cen- 
sure. Spenser. To say wrong. Sjyenser. 

To MISSA'Y*, mls-sa'. r. a. To censure ; to slander j 
to speak ill of. Chaucer. To utter amiss. Donne. 

MISSA'YING*, mls-sa'-lng. n. s. Improper expres- 
sion ; bad words. Milton. 

To MISSE'EM, mis-seem', v. n. To make false ap- 
pearance. Spenser. To misbecome. Spenser. Ob. J, 

MISSEL-BIRD*, mls'-sSl-bArd. n.s. A kind of 
thrush. 

MI'SSELDINE* mis'-sgl-dJne. n. s. The mistletoe 
Barret. 

MI'SSELTOE * See Mistletoe. 

To MISSE'RVE, mls-serv'. v. a. To serve ucfaith 
fully. Bacon. 

To MlSSHA'PE, mis-shape', v. a. part, misshaped 
and misshapen. To shape ill ; to form ill ; to deform. 
Spenser. 

MI'SSILE, mis'-sll. 140. a. [missilis, Lat.] Thrown 
by the hand ; striking at a distance. Pope. 

MI'SSION §, mlsh'-an. 49. n. s. [missio. Lat.] Com- 
mission ; the state of being sent by supreme au- 
thority. Milton. Persons sent on any account, usu- 
ally to propagate religion. Bacon. Dismission , 
discharge. Bacon. Faction; party. Shakspeare. 
MI'SSION ARY,mlsh'-an-nar-re. > 98, 512. n. s. 
MI'SSIONER, mlsh'-an-nar. $ [missionaire, Fr.] 

One sent to propagate religion. W. Mountague. 
MI'SSrVE, mls'-slv. 158. a. [missive, Fr.] Such as 

is sent. Ayliffe. Used at distance. Dryden. 
MISSlVE,mh,'-sfo. 158. n s. [Fr.] A letter sent. 
Bacon. A messenger. Shakspeare, Ob. J. 
607 



MIS 










MIT 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate, far 


f&H, fat5- 


-me, m£t; 


-pine 


pin;— 



To MISSPE'AK, mls-speke'. v. a. To speak wrong. 
Donne. 

To MISSPE'AK, mis-sp^ke 7 . v.n. To blunder in 
speaking. S/iakspeare. 

MIST $, m?st. n. s. [miyfc, Sax.] A low thin cloud ; a 
small, thin rain, not perceived in single drops. Den- 
ham. Any thing that dims or darkens. Dryden. 

To MIST, mist. v. a. [raifCian, Sax.l To cloud; to 
cov-r with a vapour or steam. Shakspeare. 

To MIS1 A'KE $, mis-take', v. a. To conceive 
wrong , to take something for that which it is not. 
Stillvigfleet. 

To MIST A'KE, mis-take', v.n. To err; not to 
judge right. Raleigh. 

MtSTA'EN, mls-tane'. pret. and part. pass, of mis- 
take, for mistaken.. Shakspeare. 

To be MISTA'KEN, mls-ta'-k'n. 103. To err. Sid- 
ney. [To mistake has a kind of reciprocal sense. 
I mistake is like the French Je me trompe : lam 
mistaken means I misconceive, I am in an errour, 
more frequently than 1 am ill understood ; but, my 
opinion is mistaken means my opinion is not rightly 
understood.] 

MIST A'KE, mis-take', n. s. Misconception ; errour. 
Milton. 

MISTA'KEABLE, mls-ta'-ka-bl. 405. a. Liable to 
be conceived wrong. Brown. 

MISTA'KENLY*, mls-ta'-kn-le. ad. In a mistaken 
sense. Goldsmith. 

MISTA'KER*, mls-ta'-kur. n. s. One who conceives 
wrong. Bp. Hall. 

MISTAKING*, iriis-ta'-klng. n.s. Errour. Bp. Hall. 

MISTA'KINGLY, mls-ta'-klng-le. ad. Erroneous- 
ly ; falsely. Boyle. 

To MISTA'TE, mis-state', v. a. To state wrong. 
Bp. Sanderson. 

MISTA'TEMENT* mis-state'-ment. n. s. A wrong 
statement. Burgess. 

To MISTE'ACH, mis-tetsh'. v. a. To teach wrong. 
Bp. Sanderson. 

To MISTE'LL, mls-tel'. v. a. To tell unfaithfully, 
or inaccurately. 

To MISTE'MPER, mls-tem'-pur. v. a. To temper 
ill ; to disorder. Shakspeare. 

ULSTER, mls'-tur. 98. a. [mestier, Fr.] What mis- 
ter, what kind of. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To Ml'STER*, mls'-tur. v. n. [misla, Su. Goth.] To 
occasion loss. Spenser. Ob. T. 

To MISTE'RM, mis-term', v. a. To term erroneous- 
Jy. Shakspeare. 

MI'STFUL*, mlst'-ful. a. Clouded as with a mist. 
Sfiakspeare. 

To MISTHI'NK, mls-tfilngk'. o. a. To think ill ; to 
think wrong. Shakspeare. 

MISTHO'UGHT*,mls-tfiawt'. n.s. Wrong notion ; 
false opinion. Spenser. 

MI'STILY*, mls'-te-le. ad. Darkly; obscurely. 
Chaucer. 

To MISTI'ME, mis-time', n. a. Not to time right ; not 
to adapt properly with regard to time. Killingbeck. 

To MISTI'ME*, mis-time', v. n. To neglect proper 
time. Seasonable Sei-mon. 

MI'STINESS, mis'-te-nes. n. s. Cloudiness ; state of 
being overcast. Bacon. 

MI'STION, mis'-tshun. 464. n. s. [Fr. ; mistus, Lat.] 

The state of being mingled. Brown. 
To MI'STLE*. See To Misle. 

MISTLETO'E, mrr'-zl-t6. 472. n. s. [my r fcelfcan, 
Sax.] A plant, which is not to be cultivated in the 
earth, but will always grow upon trees. Miller. 

MI'STLIKE, mist' -like. a. Resembling a mist. Shak. 

MISTO'LP, m?s-t6ld'. particip. pass, of mistell. 

MISTOOK, mls-t66k'. part. pass, of mistake. Milton. 
To MISTRATN*, mls-trane'. v. a. To educate 

amiss. Spenser. 
To MISTRANSLATE*, m?s-trans-late'. v. a. To 

translate incorrectly. Bp. Hall. 
MISTRANSLATION*, mls-trans-la'-shun. n. s. An 

incorrect translation. Leslie. 
MI'STRESS $, mis'-tris. n. s. [mailresse, Fr.] A wo- 
man who governs : correlative to subject or to ser- 
vant. Shak. A woman who hath something in pos- 



session. Sidney. A woman skilled in any thing. 
Addison. A woman teacher. Swift. A woman 
beloved and courted. Clarendon. A term of con- 
temptuous address. Shak. A whore; a concu- 
bine. Spectator. See Miss. 
£5" The same haste and necessity of despatch, which 
has corrupted Master into Mister, has, when it is a 
title of civility only, contracted Mistress into Missis. 
— Thus, Mrs. Montague, Mrs. Carter, &c, are pro- 
nounced Missis Montague, Missis Carter, &c. To 
pronounce the word as it is written, would, in these 
cases, appear quaint and pedantick. W. 

To MI'STRESS*, mis'-tris. v. n. To wait upon a 
mistress ; to be courting. Donne. Ob. T. 

MISTRESS-SHIP*, mls'-tris-ship. n.s. Female do- 
minion, rule, or power. Bp. Hall. 

MISTRU'ST, mis-trust', n. s. Diffidence ; suspicion; 
want of confidence. Sliakspeare. 

To MISTRU'ST, mis-trust', v. a. To suspect ; to 
doubt ; to regard with diffidence. Hooker. 

MISTRU'STFUL, mis-trust'-fftl. a. Diffident; 
doubting. Shakspeare. 

MISTRUSTFULLY, mls-tr&st'-ful-le. ad. With 
suspicion ; with mistrust. 

MISTRUSTFULNESS, mls-trust'-ful-nes. n.s. Dif- 
fidence ; doubt. Sidney. 

MISTRU'STINGLY*. mls-trust'-?ng-le. ad. With 
mistrust. 

MISTRU'STLESS, mis-trfist'-les. a. Confident; 
unsuspecting. Carew. 

To MISTU'NE*, mis-tune', v. a. To tune amiss ; 
to put out of tune. Skelton. 

To MISTU'RN*, mis-turn', v. a. To pervert. Wic- 
liffe. Ob. T. 

To MISTU'TOR*, mls-tu'-tur. v. a. To instruct 
amiss. Edwards. 

MI'STY, mls'-te. a. Clouded ; overspread with mists. 
Spenser. Obscure; dark; not plain. 

To MISUNDERSTA'ND, mis-un-dur-stand'. v. a. 
To misconceive ; to mistake. Hooker. 

MISUNDERSTANDING, mls-un-dur-stand'-lng. 
n. s. Difference ; disagreement. Boyle. Errour , 
misconception. Bacon. 

MISU'SAGE, mis-u'-zldje. 90. n.s. Abuse; ill use. 
Mede. Bad treatment. 

To MISU'SE, mis-uze'. 437. v. a. [mesuser, Fr.] To 
treat or use improperly ; to abuse. Shakspeare. 

MISU'SE, mis-use'. 437. n. s. Evil or cruel treatment. 
Shak. Wrong or erroneous use. Locke. Misap- 
plication ; abuse. Atterbury. 

To MISWE'AR*, mis-ware', v.n. To wear ill. 
Bacon. 

To MISWE'EN, mis-ween', v.n. [mis and tceen.] To 
misjudge ; to distrust. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To MlSWE'ND, mis-wend', v.n. [mis, and penban 
Sax.] To go wrong. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To MISWRI'TE* mls-rlte'. v. a. To write incorrect- 
ly. Bp. Cosin. 

MISWRO'UGHT*, mis-rawt'. part. Badly worked. 
Bacon, 

MI'SY, mi'-se. n.s. A kind of mineral. Hill. 

MISZE'ALOUS*, mis-zel'-fis. a. Mistakenly zeal- 
ous. Bp. Hall. 

MITE, mite. n. s. [mite, Fr. ; mijt, Dutch.] A small 
insect found in cheese or corn; a weevil. Locke. 
The twentieth part of a grain. Arbuthnot. Any 
thing proverbially small. Tusser. A small parti- 
cle. Ray. 

MITE'LLA, me-tel'-la. 129. n. s. A plant. 

MI'THRIDATE, mli/i'-re-dale. n. s. [ntithridate, 
Fr.] An old medicine, named from its inventor, 
Mithridatts, king of Pontus. Quincy. 

MI'THRIDATE Mustard, n. s. A plant. Miller. 

MI'TIGABLE*, mlt'-te-ga-bl. a. Capable of mitigc 
tion. Barrow. 

MI'TIGANT, mit'-te-gant. a. Lenient ; lenitive. 

To MI'TIGATE§, mlt'-te-gate. 91. v. a. [mitigo, 
Lat.] To temper; to make less rigorous. Hooker. 
To alleviate ; to make mild. Spenser. To mollify; 
to make less severe. Milton. To cool ; to moder- 
ate. Wisdom, xvi. 

MITIGA'TION, mit-te-ga'-shun. n.s. [mitigatio, 



MOA 



MOC 



■uo, move, r.fir, nftt;— t6be, tub, bull; — oil;— pound;— thin, THis. 



Lat.J Abatement of any thing- penal, harsh, or 
painful. Bacon. 

MITIGATIVE*, nuV-te-ga-uY a. [mitiga/if, Fr.] 
Lenitive; having power to alleviate. Cotsrrave. 

M1T1GATOR*, mit'-te-ga-tur. n.s. An'appeaser. 
Huloet. 

MITRE §, ml'-tur. 416. n.s. [Fr. ; milra, Lat.] An 
ornament for the head. Dnjden. A kind of epis- 
copal crown. Watts. 

MITRE, or MITER, ml'-t&r. n. s. [Among work- 
men.! A mode of joining two boards together. 
Miller. 

MITRED, mi'-tur'd. 359. a. Wearing a mitre; 
adorned with a mitre. Milton. 

MITTENT, mitMent. a. [mittens, Lat.] Sending 
forth ; emitting. Wisemcn. 

MITTENS, mltMinz. 99. n. s. [mitaines, Fr.] Coarse 
gloves for the winter. Peacham. Gloves that cov- 
er the arm without covering the fingers. — To lia.n- 
dle one ivitliout mittens. To use one roughly. Ains- 
tcorth. 

MITTIMUS, nuV-te-mus. n.s. [Lat.] A warrant by 
which a justice commits an offender to prison. Bp. 
Hall. 

To MIX §, mfks. v. a. [mi yean, Sax. ; misceo, mixtus, 
Lat.] To unite to something else. Hos. vii. To 
unite various ingredients into one mass. Exod. xii. 
To form of different substances or kinds. Bacon. 
To Join ; to mingle; to confuse. Milton. 

To MIX, m?ks. v.n. To be united into one mass by 
mutual intromission of parts. Milton. 

MFXEN, mik'-sn. n.s. [mixen, Sax.] A dunghill; 
a lavstall. Chaucer. 

MFXER*, miks'-fir. n.s. One who mixes ; a mingler. 
Cotgrave. 

MIXT*. pan. of mix 

MLXTILFNEAR*, miks-te-lm'-e-ar. a. [mixtus and 
linearis, Lat.] Consisting of a line, or lines, part 
straight, and part curved. Bp. Berkeley. 

MFXTION, miks'-tsh&i. 464. n.s. [Fr.] Mixture; 
confusion of one thing with another. Dighy. 

MI'XTLY, mfkst'-le, ad. With coalition of different 

farts into one. Bacon. 
XTURE, mlks'-tshure. 461. n. s. [mixtion, Lat.] 
The act of mixing; the state of being mixed. 
Hooker. A mass formed by mingled ingredients. 
Shak. That which is added and mixed. Stilling- 
fieet. 

MFZMAZE, nuV-maze. n. s. [from maze b}' redupli- 
cation.] Amaze; a labyrinth. Harmar. Locke. 

MI'ZZEN, mfz'-z'n. 103. n. s. [mezaen, Dutch.] The 
mast in the stern or back part of a ship. Bailey. 

To MI'ZZLE*, mfz'-zl. v.n. To rain small rain. 
Spenser. 

MFZZY, m!z'-ze. n.s. A bog; a quagmire. Ainsw. 

MNEMO'NICAL*, ne-m&n'-ne-kal. )a. Assisting 

MNEMO NICK*, ne-mSn'-nlk. \ memory. 

Hist. Royal Society. 

MNEMO'NICKS, lie-m&n'-niks. [See Pneumat- 
ick.] n.s. [nvTjixoviKtj.] The art of memory. 

ft5= Mr. Sheridan is the only lexicographer, who gives 
the sounds of the letters, that has inserted this word, 
except Mr. Barclay. The former spells the word mne- 
mon-iks, and leaves us to pronounce the first syllable 
as we can ; while the latter leaves out the to, and spells 
the word nemonicks ; which, in my opinion, is the way 
it ought to be pronounced. W. 

MO, mi. [See Enow.] a. [ma, Sax.] Making great- 
er number ; more. Spenser. Ob. J. 

MO, m6. ad. Further; longer. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

7V>MOAN§, m6ne. 295. v. a. [msenan, Sax.] To la- 
ment ; to deplore. Prior. 

To MOAN. m&ne. v. n. To grieve ; to make lamen- 
tation. Sliakspeare. 

MOAN, m6ne. n.s. Lamentation; audible sorrow ; 

grief expressed in words or cries. Sliakspeare. 
'ANFUL*, moi.e'-ful. a. Lamentable ; express- 
ing sorrow. Hammond. 
MO/ANFU^LY*, m&ne'-ful-le.atf. With lamentation. 

Barrow. 
MOAT §, mote. 295. n. s. [mode, Fr.] A canal of water 
round a house or castle for defence. Sidney. 
77 



To MOAT, m6te. v. a. [motter, Fr.] To surround 
with canals by way of defence. Sliakspeare. 

MOB$. m&b. n. s. [contracted from mobile, Lat.] The 
crowd ; a tumultuous rout. Dryden. 

%Cr Toilet tells us, that, in the latter end of the reign of 
King Charles II., the rabble that attended the Earl of 
Shaftesbury's partisans was first called mobile vulgvs 
and afterwards, by contraction, the mob ; and ever since 
the word has become proper English. To which we 
may add, that, in Mr. Addison's time, this word was not 
adopted ; for he says (Spectator, No. 135,) " I dare not 
"answer that mob, rep, pos, incog, and the like," will 
not in time be looked upon as a part of our tongue. W 

MOB, m&b. n. s. [from the verb mob.'] A kind of fe- 
male undress for the head. Malxme. 

To IVJOB^*, mob. v.a. To wrap up, as in a veil or 
cowl ; hence the mob-cap of women. More. 

To MOB, m&b. v. a. To harass, or overbear by tu- 
mult. 

MO'BBISH, m&b'-blsh. a. Mean; done after the 
manner of the mob. Drummond. 

MO'BBY, m&b'-be. n. s. An American drink made 
of potatoes. 

MOBILE, m&-beel'. 112,140. [mf-bfl, Sheridan; 
m&-beel', Perry.] n.s. [Lat.] The populace ; the 
rout ; the mob. South. 

MO'BILE* m&-beel'. a. [Fr.] Movable. Skelion. 
Ob. T. 

MOBPLITY, mi-bil'-le-te. n. s. [mobility Fr. ; mo- 
bilitas, Lat.] The power of being moved. Locke. 
Nimbleness; activity. Arbuthnoi. In cant lan- 
guage, the populace. Dryden. Fickleness ; incon- 
stancy. Ainswoyili. 

To MO'BLE, m&'-bl. [mob'-bl, Sheiidan.] v.a. To 
wrap up, as in a hood. Shakspeare. 

{£?= This word now exists, as spoken, nowhere but in the 
Hamlet of Shakspeare: 

" Eut who, alas ! had seen the moblcd queen I" 
This is always pronounced mobb-led upon the stage : 
and this reading appears more correct than mabled ana 
mob-led, which some criticks have substituted ; for 
Dr. Farmer tells us he has met with this word in Shir 
ley's Gentleman of Venice : 

" The moon does mobble up herself." 

This seems to receive confirmation from the name women 
give to a cap, which is little more than a piece of linen 
drawn together with strings round the head. The 
learned Mr. Upton's supposition, that this word signi- 
fies led by the mob, is an anachronism, as the word 
mob was not in use in the time of Shakspeare. W. 

MOCHO-STONE,m& / -k&-sl&ne. n.s. [from Mocha.] 
A stone of a clear horny gray, with delineations 
representing mosses, shrubs, and branches, black, 
brown, red, in the substance of the stone. Wood' 
ward. 

To MOCK §, m&k. v.a. [mocquer, Fr] To deride; 
to laugh at ; to ridicule. Job, xii. To deride by 
imitation ; to mimick in contempt. Shak. To de- 
feat ; to elude. Shak. To fool; to tantalize; to 
play on contemptuously. Milton. 

To MOCK, mok. v.n. To make contemptuous sport 
Shakspeare. 

MOCK, m&k. n.s. Ridicule ; act of contempt; fleer; 
sneer; gibe; flirt. Prov. xiv. Imitation; mimick 
ry. Crasliaw. 

MOCK. m&k. a. False ; counterfeit ; ».ot real. Dryd. 

MOCK-PRIVET, m&k'-priv'-it. ( n. s. Plants. Ains- 

MOCK-WILLOW,m&k / -w?l / -l&. \ worth. 

MO'CKABLE, m&k'-ka-bl. a. Exposed to derision. 
Shakspeare. 

MO'CKAGE*, m&k'-kldje. n s. Mockery. Sir T. 
Elyot. Ob. T. 

MO'CKEL, m&k'-kel. a. The same with mickle. 

MO'CKER, m&k'-kur. 98. n. s. One who mocks ; a 
scorner ; a scoffer. Shak. A deceiver ; an eluso- 
ry impostor. 

MO'CKERY, m&k'-kur-^. n. s. [mocquerie, Fr.] De- 
rision ; scorn ; sportive insult. Spenser. Ridicule j 
contemptuous merriment. Hooker. Sport; sub- 
ject of laughter. Shak. Vanity of attempt; vain 
effort. Sliak. Imitation; counterfeit appearance; 
vain show. Shakspeare. 
609 



MOD 



MOG 



\£j> 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m^t ;— pine, pin i 



MO'CKING*, mok'-ldng. ra.s. Scorn 5 derision j 

suit. Ezek. xxii. 
MOCKING-BIRD, mok'-kmg-bfird. n.s. An Ameri- 
can bird, which imitates the note of other birds. 
MOCKING -STOCK, m&k'-kfng-stdk. n.s. A butt for 

merriment. 
MO'CKINGLY , mok'-kfng-le. ad. In contempt ; petu- 
lantly ; with insult. Huloet. 
MODAL, m6'-dal. a. [modale, Fr.; modalis, Lat.] 
Relating to the form or mode, not the essence. 
Glanville. 
MODA'LITY, m6-dal / -l^-te. n. s. Accidental differ- 
ence ; modal accident. Holder. 

MODDER*, m6d'-dnr. n. s. [See Mauther.] A 
wenih, or girl. Huloet. 

MODE $, mode. n. s. [Fr. ; modus, Lat.] External 
variety ; accidental discrimination ; accident 
Watts. Gradation ; degree. Pope. Manner; 
method; form; fashion. ^Milton. State; quality. 
Shak. Fashion ; custom. DenJiam. A kind of 
thin silk, worn by ladies. 

MODEM, m&d'-del n.s. [modelle, Fr. ; modulus, 
Lat.] A representation in little of something made 
or done. Shak. A copy to be imitated. Hooker. 
A mould ; any thing which shows or gives the 
shape of that which it encloses. Shak. Standard; 
that by which any thing is measured. South. Some- 
thing representative. Shak. Something small and 
diminutive. Shckspeare. 

To MODEL, mod'-del. v. a. [modeler, Fr.] To plan; 
to shape ; to mould ; to form ; to delineate. Milton. 

MODELLER, mod'-del-itk. £8. n.s. Planner; 
schemer; contriver. Spectator. 

MODERABLE*, mftd'-der-a-bl. a. [moderabilis, 
Lat.] Temperate; measurable ; governable. Cock- 
eram. Ob. T. 

MODERATE §, m&d'-der-at. 91. a. [moderatus, 
Lat.] Temperate; not excessive. Ecclus. xxxi. 
Not not of temper. Swift. Not luxurious ; not ex- 
pensive. Shak'. Not extreme in opinion ; not san- 
guine in a tenet. Svmlndge. Placed between ex- 
tremes ; holding the mean. Hooker. Of the mid- 
dle rate. Dryden. 

To MODERATE, mdd'-der-ate. 91. v. a. [moderor, 
Lat.] To regulate; to restrain ; to still ; to pacify; 
to quiet ; to repress. Spenser. To make temperate ; 
to qualify. Arbuthnot. To decide, as a moderator. 
Carew. 

To MODERATE*, mSd'-deY-ate. v. n. To preside 
in a disputation, and regulate the controversy. Bp. 
Barlow. 

MODERATELY, m&d'-der-at-le. ad. Temperate- 
ly; mildly. Visitation Articles of King Edw. VI. 
In a middle decree. Waller. 

MODERATENESS, mod'-der-at-nSs. n.s. State of 
being moderate ; temperateness. 

MODERATION, m&d-der-a / -shun. n.s. Forbear- 
ance of extremity ; the contrary temper to party 
violence ; state of keeping a due mean betwixt ex- 
tremes. Hooker. Calmness of mind ; equanimity. 
Phil. iv. Frugality in expense. Ainsioorth. 

MODERATOR, mSd-d£r-a'-tar. 421. n.s. [Lat.] 
The person or thing that calms or restrains. Burton. 
One who presides in a disputation, to restrain the 
contending parties from indecency, and confine 
them to the question. Bacon. 

MODERN §, mftd'-durn. 98. n.s. [moderne, Fr.; 
from modernus, low Lat.] Late ; recent ; not an- 
cient ; not antique. Bacon. [In Shakspeare.] 
Vulvar; mean; common. 

MO'DERNS, mod'-dfirnz. n.s. Those who have 
lived lately : opposed to the arwients. Boyle. 

To MODERNISE, m&d'-darn-nlze. v. a/To adapt 
ancient compositions to modern persons or things. 
Warton. 

MODERNISER*, mod'-dfirn-nl-zar. n. s. One who 
adapts ancient compositions to modern persons or 
things. Wakefield. 

MODERNISM, m&d'-dfirn-rfzm. n. s. Deviation 
from the ancient and classical manner. Swift. 

MODERNIST*, m&d'-d&rn-nlst. n.s. One who ad- 
the moderns. Swifts 



MODERNNESS, mdd'-dfirn-nes. n. s. Novelty. 

MODEST §, mod'-dl'st. 99. a. [modesties, Lat.] Not 
arrogant; not presumptuous. 2 Mace. iv. Not 
impudent; not forward. Shak. Not loose ; not un- 
chaste. ] Tim. ii. Not excessive; not extreme. 
Shakspeare. 

MODESTLY, mdd'-dk-le. ad. Not arrogantly 
not presumptuously. Dryden. Not impudently 
not forwardly ; with respect. Shak. Not loosely ; 
not lewdly ; with decency. Not excessively ; with 
moderation. Raleigh. 

MODESTO, mod'-dis-te. 99. n.s. [modestie, Fr. ; 
modestas, Lat.] Not arrogance ; not presumptuous- 
ness. Hooker. Not impudence; not forwardness. 
Moderation; decency. Shak. Chastity; purity 
of manners. Shakspeare. 

MODESTY -PIECE, m6d'-d?s-te-pees. n.s. A nar- 
row lace, which runs along the upper part of the 
stays before, being a part of the tucker. Addi- 
son 

MODIA'TION*, m6-de-a'-shun. n.s. [modiatio, Lat.] 
A measure. Tovey. Ob. T. 

MODFCITY*, mo-dis'-e-le. n. s. [modkiie, Fr. ; 
from modicus, Lat.] Moderateness ; meanness ; lit- 
tleness. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 

MODICUM," m&d'-de-kom. n.s. [Lat.] Small por- 
tion ; pittance. Dryden. 

MODIFFABLE, m6d'-de-fl4-bl. 183. a. [Fr.] That 
may be diversified by accidental differences. 
Locke. 

MODFFICABLE, n^-dlf-fe-ka-bl. a. Diversifiable 
by various modes. 

7 7 oMODI / FICATE*,m6-dif-fe-kate. v.a. Toquali- 
fy. Pearson. 

MODIFICATION, m&d-de-fe-ka'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of modifying any thing, or giving it new acci 
dental differences of external qualities or mode. 
Holder. 

To MODIFY, m&d'-de- fl. 183. v.a. [modifier, Fr.] 
To change the external qualities or accidents ot 
any thing; to shape. Holder. To soften; to 
Gower. 

v. n. To extenuate. 
L'Estrange. 

_Mo- 
illons, in 
architecture, are little brackets which are often set 
under the Corinthian and Composite orders, and 
serve to support the projecture of the larmier or 
drip. Harris. 

MODISH, m6'-d'fsh. a. Fashionable; formed ac- 
cording to the reigning custom. Phillips. 

MODISHLY, m6'-d?sh-le. ad. Fashionably. Locke. 

MODISHNESS, mo'-dish-n^s. n.s. Affectation of the 
fashion. 

To MODULATES, m6d'-u-late, or m&d'-ju-late. 
293, 294, 376. u. a. [modulor, Lat.] To form sound 
to a certain kev, or to certain notes. Grew. 
MODULATION, m6d-du-la'-sh6n, or m6d-ju-la / - 
shfin. n.s. [Fr.J The act of forming any thing to 
certain proportion. Sir T. Elyot. Sound modu- 
lated; harmony; melody. Thomson. 
MODULATOR, rndd'-u-la-tfir, or m6d'-ju-la-tQr. 
521. n. s. He who forms sounds to a certain key; a 
tuner. Whitlock. 
MODULE, m6d / -ule,or m&d'-jule. n.s. [Fr ; modu- 
lus, Lat.] An empty representation ; a model. 



moderate ; to qualify, u-c 
To MODIFY, m6d'-de-fl. 

L'Estrange. 

MODFLLION f, ) 1 , ?1/ , , , „ S «• *• [Fr.] 
MODIDLON, \ i^-d^n- »»• \ hlorls 



To MODULE*, mSd'-ule. v. a. [modulor, Lat.] To 
model ; to shape ; to mould. Sandys. To modu- 
late. Drayton. Ob. T. 

MODUS, m6 ; -dus. n. s. [Lat.] Something paid as a 
compensation for tithes on the supposition of being 
a moderate equivalent. Swift. 

MOD WALL, m6d'-wall. n.s. A bird. Huloet. 

MOE, m6. a. [ma. Sax. See Mo.] More 3 a greater 
number. Hooker. 

MOE*, m6. n. s. A distorted mouth. See Mow. 

MOGUL*, mo-gal', n. s. [from Tamerlane, tne 
Mongul or Mogul Tartar.] The title of the emper- 
ourof Hindostan, who was called the Great Mogul. 
Milton. 

610 



MOL 












MON 


— n6, m5ve 


•fr 


. n6t ; 


—tube, tub, bull 5 


-Ml; 


— -pSimd ;- 


— thin, thjs. 



MCHAIR, m6'-hare. n.s. [mouaire, FrJ Thread 
or stuff made of camel's or other hair. Pope. 

MO HOCK, m<V-h6k. n. s. The name of a cruel na- 
tion of America, given to ruffians who infested the 
streets of London. Spectator. 

MOHA'MMEDAN*. See Mahomedan. 

To MOIDER. mfie'-dur. v. a. To nuzzle ; to per- 

8 lex ; to confound ; to tire out •, to distract. 
IDO'RE, m6e-d6re'. n. s. \moeda d'oro, Portu- 
guese.] A Portugal coin, rated at one pound seven 
shillings. 
MOIETY, mde'-e-te. 299. n. s. [moUie, Fr.] Half; 

one of two equal parts. Hooker. 
To MOIL $, mdil. 299. v. a. [mal, macula.. Sax.] To 
daub with dirt ; to defile. Spenser, [from moijle, 
a mule.] To weary. Chapman. , 
To MOIL, moil. v. n. To labour in the mire. Bacon. 

To toil ; to drudge. Dniden. 
MOIL* m6?l. n.s. A spot, [mal, Sax.] Upton. A 

mule. See Moyle. 

MOIST $, moist. 229. a. [moiste, Fr.] Wet, not dry; 

wet, not liquid ; wet in a small degree. Milton. 

Juicy ; succulent. Ainsicorlh. 

To MOIST, moist. )v. a. To make 

To MOISTEN, mSe'-s'n. 472. $ damp; to make 

wet to a small degree ; to damp. Bp. Fisher. 
MO'ISTENER, mSe'-s'n-ur. n.s. The person or 

thing that moistens. Sherwood. 
MOISTFUL* mdfet'-ffil.u. Full of moisture. Drayt. 
MO'ISTNESS, moist'-nes. n. s. Dampness ; wetness 

in a small degree. Bacon. 
MOTSTURE, mols'-tshore. 461. n. s. State of being 
moist ; moderate wetness. Sidney. Small quantity 
of liquid. ShaJcspeare. 
MO'ISTY* mSls'-te. a. Drizzling. Mir. for Mag. 
MOKES of a Net. The meshes. Ainsworth. 
MO'KY, m6'-ke. a. Dark ; murky ; muggy. 
MO'LAR*, mtV-lar. a. [molaris, Lat.] Having power 

to grind. Bacon. 
MOLA'SSES*. See Molosses. 
MO LDWARP*. See Mouldwarp. 
MOLE §, m6le. n.s. [Fr. ; molen, Teut. ; mola, Lat.] 
A formless concretion of extravasated blood, which 
grows into a kind of flesh in the uterus, and is call- 
ed a false conception. Qnincy. A natural spot or 
discoloration of the body, [rnael, Teut.] Brown. 
[motes, Lat.] A mound ; a dyke. Sandys. A little 
beast that works under ground. See Mould- 
warp. Ray. 
To MOLE*, m6le. v. n. To clear the ground from 

molehills. Peggc. 
MO'LEBAT. mole'-bat. n, s. A fish. Ainstoorth. 
MO'LECAST, m6le'-kast. n. s. Hillock cast up by a 

mole. Mortimer. 
MO'LECATCHER^ole'-katsh-fir. n.s. One whose 

employment is to catch moles. Tzisser. 
MOLECULE* mole'-kule. n. s. [molecula, Lat.] A 

small mass, or portion of any body. Foley. 
MO'LEHILL, mole'-hll. 406. n.s. Hillock thrown up 

by the mole working under ground. Sidney. 
ToMOLE'ST, mo-l&t'. v. a. [molesto, Lat.] To dis- 
turb ; to trouble ; to vex. Hooker. 
MOLESTA'TION, mil-es-ta'-sh&n. n.s. [mokstia, 
Lat.] Disturbance ; uneasiness caused by vexation. 
Brown. 
MOLE'STER, mo-lSst'-fir. 98. n. s. One who dis- 
turbs. Sherwood. 
MOLESTFUL* mo-lest'-f fll. a. Vexatious ; trouble- 
some. Barrow. 
MO'LETRACK, mole'-lrak. n.s. Course of the mole 

under ground. Mortimer. 
MO'LEWARP, mole 7 - warp. n. s. See Mouldwarp. 

A mole. Drayton. 
MOLI'MINOUS* mA-fiV-e-n&s. a. [molimen, Lat.] 

Extremely important. More. 
MO'LINIST*, m6l'-e-nlst. n.s. One who follows the 
opinions of Lewis Molina, a Spanish Jesuit, in re- 
spect to grace ; an adversary of the Jansenists. 
MO'LLIENT$, m&F-yent. 113. a. [molliens, Lat.] 

Softening. 
MO'LLIFIABLE, mol'-le-fl-a-bl. a. That may be 
softened. 



MO'LTEN, mdl'-tn. 
m^V-ie. n.s. 



[Lat. and Fr.] A plant. Morti 



m6me. n. s. A dull, stupid blockhead ; a 

post. Spenser. 



MOLLIITCA'TION, m&l-le-fe-ka'-shon. n. s. [FrJ 
The act of mollifying or softening. Bacon. Pacifi 
cation ; mitigation. ShaJcspeare. 
MO LLlFIEKJ moF-le-fl-ur. 133. n.s. That which 
softens; that which appeases. Bacon. He that 
pacifies* or mitigates. 
7'oMO'LLlFY, m6lMe-fi. v. a. [moUio, Lat.] To 
soften ; to make soft. Camden. To assuage. Isa. i. 
To appease; to pacify; to quiet. Sidney. To 
qualify ; to lessen any thing harsh or burdensome 
Clarendon. 

MOLOSSE*, md-los'. i\. s. [molossus, Lat.] A met- 
rical foot consisting of three long syllables. Black- 
wall. 

MOLO'SSES, md-lds'-s?z. ) 99. n.s. [melazzo, ltal.] 

MOLA'SSES, mi-las'-sfz. $ Treacle; the spume 
or scum of the juice of the sugar cane. Sir W. 
Petty. 

#5= The second spelling and pronunciation of this word 
is preferahle to the first ; and, as it is derived from the 
Italian mclazio, perhaps the most correct spelling and 
pronunciation would he melasses. W. 

MOLT*', pret. of melt. P. Fletcher. Ob. T. 

MO'LTABLE*, molt'-a-bl. a. Fusible. Huloet 
Ob. T. 

103. part. pass, from melt. Job 
xxviii, 

MQ'LY 
mer. 

MOME, 
stock ; 

MO'MENT $, m6 / -me ! nt. n. s. [moment, Fr. ; momen- 
tum, Lat.] Consequence ; importance ; weight ; 
value. Hooker. Force; impulsive weight; actu- 
ating power. Hooker. An indivisible particle of 
time. Shakspeare. 

MOME'NTAL* m6'-mSn-lal, or mc-meV-tal. a. 
[Fr.] Important; valuable; of moment. Breton. 

MOME'NTALLY, m6'-men-tal-e. [m6-meV-tal-l£, 
Perry.] ad. For a moment. Brown. 

MOMENTA'NEOUS, m6-men-ta'-ne-us. ) n 

MO'MENT ANY, md'-men-ta-ne. 512. > °" 
[momentanl, Fr. ; momentaneus, Lat.] Lasting but 
for a moment. Woollon. 

MOMENTARILY* mo'-ment-ar-e-le. ad. Every 
moment. Shenstone. 

MO'MENTARY, m6'-m§nt-ar-e. a. Lasting for a 
moment ; done in a moment. Shakspeare. 

MOME'NTOUS, m6-men'-tus. a. Important ; weigh 
ty; of consequence. Phillips. 

MOMENTUM*, mo-meV-tum. n. s. [Lat.] Im- 
petus, force, or quantity of motion in a moving 
body. Bp. Berkeley. 

MO'MMERY, mun/mflr-e. 165, 557. n. s. [or mum- 
mery, momene, Fr.] An entertainment in which 
maskers play ixo\\<ks. Rowe. 

MO'NACHAL, m6n'-na-kal. a. [monaoludis, Lat.] 
Monastick ; relating to monks, or conventual or 
ders. Sherwood. 

MO'NACHISM, m6n'-na-k?zm. n. s. The state of 
monks ; the monastick life. Milton. 

MO'NAD $, ) mon'-nad, or ) n. s. [^ova?.] An indi 

MO'NADE§, Sm<V-nad. S visible thing. More 

§£p Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Nares are the only orthoepista 
who determine the quantity ot the first vowel in this 
word ; which they do by making it short. The only 
reason that can be given is the omicron in the Greek 
fxovas ; and what a miserable reason is this, when, in 0117 
pronunciation cf the Greek word, we make it. long ! — Sea 



Having the na- 



Principles, No. 543, 544, &c. 
MONATJICAL*, md-nad'-e-kal. 

ture of a monad. More. 
MO'NARCHS, m&n'-nark. «• s. [u6vapx<>s-] A govr 

ernour invested with absolute authority; a king 
Temple. One superiour to the rest of the same 

kind. Drvden. President. SJiakspeare. 
MONARCHAL, m6-nar / -kal. 353. a. Suiting a 

monarch; regal; princely; imperial. Drayton. 
MO^ARCHESS*, mon / -nar-ke's. n. s. A female 

monarch ; an empress. Transl. of Boccalini. 
MONA'RCHIAL*, mi-nar'-ke-al. a. Regal ; vested, 

in a single ruler. Burke. 
h 611 



■ 



MON 












MON 


(D=559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, 


fat; 


— me, met ; 


— pine 


, pin ;— 



MONARCHICAL, m6-nar'-ke-kal. a. {jxovapx'**.'] 

Vested in a single ruler. Brown. 
MONA'RCHICK* mo-nar'-klk. a. Vested in a sin- 
gle ruler. Warburton. 
To MONARCH1SE, m6n'-nar-klze. v. n. To play 

the king. Sliakspeare. 
To MO'NARCHISE*, mdn'-nar-klze. v. a. To rule 

over as king. Drayton. 
MONARCHIST*, mSn'-nar-kist. n. s. An advocate 

for monarchy. Barrow. 
MONARCHY, mon'-nar-ke. n.s. [povap X ia.] The 
government of a single person. Atterbury. King- 
dom ; empire. Sliakspeare. 
MONASTERY §, mon'-na-stre, or mon'-nas-ter-e 
n. s. [monasterium, Lat.] House of religious retire- 
ment; convent; abbey; cloister. Spenser. 
MONA'STICK, mi-nas'-tik. 509. > a. Religiously ; 
MONA'STICAL, m6-nas / -te-kal. $ recluse; per-' 

taining to a monk. Sliakspeare. 
MONA'STICALLY, mo-nas'-te-kal-le. ad. Recluse- j 

ly j in the manner of a monk. Swift. 
MONA'STICK*, mo-nas'-tk. n. s. A monk. Sir T. 

Herbert. 
MONDAY, mun'-de. 223. n. s. [monan-bse£, Sax. 
the day of the moon.] The second day of the week. 
Gregory. 
MONDE*, mond. n. s. [Fr. ; mundus, Lat.] The 
world ; a certain number of people : as, the beau 
monde. A globe, the ensign of power and authori- 
ty. Drummond. 
MONEY §, mtW-ne. 165. n. s. {monnoye, Fr. ; moneta, 
Lat. It has properly no plural, except when money 
is taken for a single piece ; but moneys was formerly 
used for sums.] Metal coined for the purposes of 
commerce. Sliakspeare. 
MONEYBAG, mtW-ne-bag. n. s. A large purse. 

Shakspeare. 
MONEYBOX, imV-ne-b6ks. n.s. A till ; repository 

of ready coin. 
MONEYBROKER*, mfin'-ne-bri-kur. n. s. A mon- 
eychanger or moneyscrivener. B. Jonson. 
MONEYCHANGER, imV-ne-tshan-jfir. n.s. A 

broker in money. Arbutlinot. 
MONEYED, imV-nid.283. a. Rich in money : often 
used in opposition to those who are possessed of 
lands Bacon. 
MONE Y"ER, miV-ne-fir. n. s. [monnoyeur, Fr.] One 
that deals in money ; a banker. A coiner of money. 
Hale. 
MONEYLENDER*, man'-ne-len-dfir. n. s. One 
who lends money to others ; one who raises money 
for others. Burke. 
MONEYLESS, miW-ne-les. a. Wanting money ; 

pennyless. Milton. 
MONEYMATTER, mfV-ne-mat-tar. n. s. Account 

of debtor and creditor. Arbutlinot. 
MONEYSCRIVENER, mun'-ne-skrlv-nur. n.s. 
[money and scrii-*ener.~\ One who raises money for 
others. Arbulhiwt. 
MONEYSPINNER*. m&n'-ne-spln-nnr. n. s. A 

small spider, vulgarly so called. 
MONEYSWORTH, inftn'-iriWfirf/i. n.s. Some- 
thing valuable ; something that will bring money. 
L' Estrange. 
MONEYWORT, mtW-ne-wart. n.s. A plant. 
MONGCORN, m&ng'-korn. n. s. [man£, Sax. and 

corn.'] Mixed corn : as, wheat and rye. 
MONGER, mung g&r. 381, n. s. [man£ep.e, mon- 
£ep, Sax.] A dealer ; a seller. It is seldom used 
otherwise than after the name of any commodity, to 
express a seller of that commodity : as, a fishmon- 
ger. B. Jonson. 
MONGREL, mang'-grfl. 99. a. [mang, Sax.] Of a 

mixed breed. Howell. 
MONGREL*, m&ng'-gril. n. s. Any thing of a mix- 
ed breed. Milton. 
MONIED*. See Moneyed. 
MONIMENT, mon'-e-me"nt n. s. [ntonimenfum, or 
monumentum, Lat.] A memorial ; a record. Spen- 
ser. A mark ; a superscription ; an image. Spen- 
ser. 
To MONISH $, mon'-nish. v. a. [monian, mone£i- 



an, Sax.] To warn; to counsel; to admonish. 
Cliaucer. 
MONISHER, m&n'-nish-fir. 98. n. s. An admonish 

er ; a monitor. 
MONISHMENT*, mdn'-nlsh-ment. n. s. Admonition. 

Sherwood. 
MONFTION, m6-n?sh'-an.ra.s. [moniiio, Lat.] Infor- 
mation; hint. Holder. Instruction; document. 
L' Estrange. 
MONITIVE^m&n'-ne-tlv.a. [monitus, Lat.] Admon- 
itory ; conveying useful instruction. Barrow. . 
MONITOR, m&n'-ne-tor. 166. n. s. [Lat.] One who 
warns of faults, or informs of duty. It is used of an 
upper scholar in a school, commissioned by the 
master to look to the boys in his absence. Bacon. 
MONITORY, mdn'-ne-tur-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [monitorivs, Lat.] Conveying useful in- 
struction ; giving admonition. L' Estrange. 
MONITORY, m6n'-ne-tur-e. n. s. Admonition; 

warning. Bacon. 
MONITRESS*, mon'-ne-tres. n.s. A female moni- 
tor ; an instructress. Student, ii. 
MONK §, monk. 165. n. s. [monec, Sax. ; uovaxbs, 
Gr.] One of a religious community bound by vows 
to certain observances. Shakspeare. 
MONKERY, munk'-k&r-e. 557. n.s. The monastick 

life. Bale. 
MONKEY, mftnk'-ke. 165. n.s. [monicchio, Ital.l 
An ape ; a baboon : a jackanapes. An animal 
bearing some resemblance of man. Shakspeare. A 
word of contempt, or slight kindness. Shakspeare. 
MONKHOOD, mwik'-hud. n. s. The character of a 

monk. Attertury. 
MONKISH, m&nk'-klsh. a. Monastick ; pertaining 

to monks. Atterbury. 
MONKS-HOOD, mfinks'-hnd. n. s. A plant. Ains- 

worth. i 

j MONKS-RHUBARB, mdnks-rod'-b&rb. n. s. A spe- 
cies of dock. 
MONO'CEROS*, m6-nos'-e-ros. ) n. s. [u6vos and 
MONOCEROT*, m6-n&s / -e-r&t. $ icipas.) The uni- 
corn. Burton. 
MONOCHORD, m&n'-no-kord. n. s. [udvos and 
X°^n-~] An instrument of one string. Harris. A 
kind of instrument anciently of singular use for the 
regulating of sounds : the ancients made use of it to 
determine the proportion of sounds to one another. 
Harris. 
MONOCULAR, m6-n6k'-ku-lar. )a. [u6vos, and 
MONOCULOUS, mo-n&k'-ku-lfis. $ oculus.~] One- 
eyed ; having only one eye. Howell. 
MONODY, m6n ; -n6-de. n.s. [twvo>5ii.] A poem 
sung by one person, not in dialogue. A ditty sung 
by the person alone, to vent his grief. Bp. Newton. 
MdNQ'GAMlST $, mo-nog'-ga-mlst. n. s. [udvos and 
yduos.] One who disallows second marriages. Gold- 
smith. 
MONOGAMY, mi-nog'-ga-me^lS. n. s. [u6vos and 

yauiw.] Marriage of one wife. Bp. Hall. 
MONOGRAM §, mon'-ni-gram. n. s. [uovos and yodu- 
««.] A cipher; a character compounded of several 
letters. B. Jonson. A picture drawn in lines with- 
out colour. Hammond. A 
MONOGRAMMAL*,m6n / -no-gram-mal. a. Sketch- 
ing in the manner of a monogram. Fotherby. 
MONOLOGUE, mon'-ni-l&g. 338. n. s. [(i6vo S and 
Wo?.] A scene in which a person of the drama 
speaks by himself; a soliloquy. Dryden. 
ft*T Why Mr. Sheridan should pronounce dialogue with 
the last syllable like log, prologue with the same sylla- 
ble like lug, and monologue rhyming wilkvogue, lean- 
not conceive. The final syllable of all words of this 
termination, when unaccented, is, in my opinion uni- 
formly like that in dialogue. Mr. Scott has marked it 
in the same manner as 1 have done; Mr. Barclay has 
followed Mr. Sheridan. W. ^ 
MONOMACHY, [Mono'machy, Todd.] m6-nom'- 
a-ke. n.s. [ixovouaxla.'] A duel; a single combat, 
Burton. ' r 
£3= Nothing can more show the uncertainty of our or- 
thoepists in the pronunciation of unusual words, than 
the accentuation of this, and those of a similar form. 
The onlv words of this termination we have m John - 
612 



MON 



MON 



— no, move, ndr, nrtt ;— tube, tub, bull ;— All ;— pfiund ;— tftin, thi 



son's Dictionary, are, logomachy, mouomacky, seiama- 
chy, and theomachy ; the two first of which ne accents 
on the first syllable, and the two last on the second. 
Mr. Sheridan has but two of them, logomachy and act- 
omachy; the first of which he accents on the iirst sylla- 
ble, and the last on the second. Mr. Scott has none of 
them. Dr. Ash has them all ; and accents logomachy, 
monomachy, and theomachy, on the first syllable, and 
sciomacfiy on the second. Bailey accents monomachti 
andsciomacA?/ on the first syllable, and logomachy mvi 
theomachy on the third. W. Johnston has only logoma- 
chy, which he accents on the second syllable. Mr. 
Perry has only theomachy, which lie accents on the 
second likewise. Entick has them all, and accents 
them on the first ; and Dr. Kenrick accents them all on 
the second syllable. 

This confusion among our orthoepists plainly shows the 
little attention which is paid to analogy ; for this 
would have informed them, that these words are under 
the same predicament as those ending in graphy, logy, 
Sec, and therefore ought all to have the antepenulti- 
mate accent. An obscure idea of this induced them to 
accent some of these words one way, and some another ; 
but nothing can be more evident than the necessity of 
accenting all of them uniformly on the same syllable. — 
See Principles, No. 513, 518, &c. 

As to Dr. Johnsih's observation, which is repeated by Dr. 
Kenrick and Mr. Nares, that sciomachy ought to be 
written skiamachy, I have only to observe, at present, 
that writing a instead of o is more agreeable to etymol- 
ogy ; but changing c into k, either in writing or pro- 
nouncing, is an irregularity of the most pernicious kind, 
as it has a tendency to overturn the most settled rules 
of the language.— -See Sceptick, and Principles, No. 
350. W. ' 

MCNOME, moii'-nome. n. s. [Fr.] [In algebra.] A 

Juantity that has but one denomination or name. 
iarris. 

MONOTATHY*, m6-n6p'-pa-</ie. n. s. [pivot and 
irddcia.] Solitary sensibility ; sole suffering-. Whit- 
lock. 

MONOPETALOUS, m&n-no-peV-lal-lus. a. [pdm 
and vha\ov.~\ It is used for such flowers as are 
'ormed out of one leaf, however they may be seem- 
ingly cut into manv small ones. Quincy. 

MONOTOLIST, m6-nftp / -p6-llst. n. s. One who, by 
engrossing or patent, obtains the sole power or priv- 
ilege of vending any commoditv. Young. 

To MONOPOLIZE $, mA-n&p'-p6-llze. v. a. [pdvos 
and rrwXat).] To engross so as to have the sole pow- 
er or privilege of vending any commodity. Fuller. 

MONOPOLIZER*, m6-n6p': p 6-U-zur. n.s. A mo- 
nopolist. Milton. 

MONOTOLY, m6-n6p'-p6-le. n.s. The exclusive 
privilege of selling any thing. Cowley. 

MONOPTOTE, mon'-n6p-i6te, or mo-nop'-tote. 
n. s. [povos and nrioo-is.] A noun used only in some 
one oblique case. Clarke. 

§£f* The second pronunciation, which is Dr. Johnson's, 
Dr. Ash's, Mr. Barclay's, and Entick's, is the most usu- 
al ; but the first, which is Mr. Sheridan's, is more agree- 
able to analogy ; for the word is derived from monopto- 
ton, which we pronounce with two accents, one on the 
first, and another on the third ; and, when we shorten 
the word by anglicising it, we generally place the ac- 
cent on the syllable we accented in the original. — See 
Hetergclite. W. 

MONO / STICH,m6n'-n6-stIk.509. n.s. [pov6<rrtxov.] 
A composition of one verse. Sir T. Herbert. 

MONOSYLLA'BICAL, mon^-sll-lab'-e-kal. a. 
Consisting of words of one syllable. 

MONOSYLLABLE $, mon'-nft-sil-la-bl. n. s. [jx6- 
vo$ and otAXct/j?).] A word of only one syllable. 
Dryden. 

MONOSYLLABLED, m&n-no-sfl'-la-bld. a. Con- 
sisting of one syllable. Cleaveland. 

MONOSTROTHICK*, raon-n6-str6f -flk. a. [^vo; 
and o-rp^/?.] Free from the restraint of any partic- 
ular metre. Milton. 

MO'NOTONE $* m&n'-n6-t6ne. 7i.s. [povdc and t6vo S .~\ 
Uniformity of sound 5 want of proper cadence in 
pronunciation. Mason. 

MONOTO'NIC AL* mon-no-t&n'-e-kal. a. Having an 
unvaried sound 5 wanting variety in cadence. Lord 
Chesterfield, 



MONOTONOUS*, m6-n&t'-t6-nfls. a. Wanting va 
riety in cadence. Warton. 

MONOTONY, mi-n&t'-td-ne. 518. n. s. Uniformity 
of sound. Pope. 

MONSIEUR, n. s. [Fr.] A term of reproach for a 
Frenchman. Shakspeare. 

MONSO'ON, m6n-s6on'. n. s. [monson,monc.on, Fr. 
Monsoons are shifting trade winds, In the East In 
dian ocean, which blow periodically ; some for half 
a year one way, others but for three months, and 
then shift and blow for six or three months directly 
contrary. Ray. 

MONSTERS, mon'-stfir. y8. n.s. [monstre, Fr. 
monstmm, Lat.l Something out of the common or- 
der of nature. Cowley. Something horrible for de- 
formity, wickedness, or mischief. Shakspeare. 

To MO ; NSTER, mon'-stur. v. a. To put out of the 
common order of things. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

MONSTROSITY, mdn-slr&s'-se-te. > n. s. The 

MONSTRUO'SITY, m6n-stru-6s'-se-te. } state of 
being monstrous, or out of the common order of the 
universe. Bacon. 

MONSTROUS, m&n'-strfts. a. [monstrosus, Lat.] 
Deviating from the stated order of nature. Milton. 
Strange; wonderful. Shak. Irregular ; enormous. 
Pope. Shocking; hateful. Bacon. Full of mon- 
sters. Milton. 

MO'NSTROUS, mon'-strus. ad. Exceedingly; very 
much. Bacon. A cant term. 

MONSTROUSLY, mon'-strus-le. ad. In a manner 
out of the common order of nature ; shockingly ; 
terribly ; horribly. South. To a great or enormous 
degree. Shakspeare. 

MO'NSTROUSNESS, m&n'-str&s-nes. n. s. Enor 
mity ; irregular nature or behaviour. Slmkspeare. 

MO'NTANISM*, mon'-ta-nlzm. n.s. The tenets of 
Montanus, an ancient heretick about the close of 
the second century. Hooker. 

MO'NTANIST*, m6n'-ta-nist. n. s. A follower of 
Montanus. Hooker. 

MONTANPSTIC AL*, mon-ta-nls'-te-kal. a. Belong- 
ing to the heresy of the Montanists. Bp. Hall. 

To MO'NTANIZE*, mon'-ta-nize. v. n. To follow 
the opinions of Montanus. Hooker. 

MONTA'NT, m&n-tant'. n.s. [Fr.] A term in fenc- 
ing. Shakspeare. 

MONTE' RO, m&n-li'-rd. n. s. [Span.] A horse- 
man's cap. Bacon. 

MONTETH, mon-lhkh'. n.s. [from the name of the 
inventor.] A vessel in which glasses are washed. 
Kins:. 

MONTHS, m&ntfi. 165. n.s. [monaft, Sax.] A space 
of time either measured by the sun or moon : the 
lunar month is the time between the change and 
change, or the time in which the moon comes to the 
same point : the solar month is the time in which 
the sun passes through a sign of the zodiack : the 
calendar months, by which we reckon time, are 
unequally of thirty or one-and-thirty days, except 
February, which is of twenty-eight ; and in leap 
year of twenty-nine. Brovm. 

MONTH'S Mind, muii£/is-mind / . n. s. Longing desire. 
The mind or remembrance days of former times 7 
when persons directed in their wills, that, within a 
year, a month, or some specifick time, after their 
death, a requiem for their souls should be perform 
ed, and some charity bestowed. Bale. 

MO'NTHLY, mfintfiMe. a. Continuing a month ; 
performed in a month. Bentley. Happening every 
month. Dryden. 

MO'NTHLY, m<Wt'-le. ad. Once in a month. 
Hooker. 

MONTCIR. mon-tw6r'. n. s. [Fr.] [In horseman- 
ship.] A stone as high as the stii rups, which riding 
masters mount their horses from. Diet. 

MONTRO'SS, m6n-tr6s\ n. s. An under gunner, or 
assists to a gunner, engineer, or fire-master 
Diet. 

MONUMENTS, m6n/-nu-ment. 179. n.s. [monu- 
ment, Fr..; monumentum, Lat.l Any thing by which 
the memory of persons or things is preserved ; a 
memorial. Raleigh. A tomb; a cenotaph. Shak 
613 



MOO 



MOR 



[CF 559— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, p?n ;- 



55° There are no words in which inaccurate speakers arp 
more apt to err, than where u is not under the accen. 
Thus we frequently hear, from speakers not ot the low- 
est class, this word pronounced as if written mone- 
ment. W 
MONUMENTAL, m6n-nu-men/-lal. a. Memorial : 
preserving memory. Milton. Raised in honour of 
the dead ; belonging to a tomb. SImkspeare. 
MONUMENTALLY*, mdn-nu-meV-tal-le. ad. In 

memorial. Gayton. 
To MOO*. See To Mue. 

MOOD §, mood. 10, 306. n. s. [mode, Fr. ; modus, 
Lat.J The form of an argument. Watts. Style of 
musick. Milton. The change the verb undergoes 
in some languages, as the Greek, Latin, and French, 
to signify various intentions of the mind. Clarke, 
[mod, Goth. ; mob, Sax.] Temper of mind ; state 
of mind as affected by any passion ; disposition. 
Spenser. Anger; rage ; heat of mind. Hooker. 
MO OD1LY*, m36'-de-le.utf*. Sadly ; pensively. Cot- 
grave, 
MOODINESS*, mSS'-de-nes. n. s. [mobi^e^e, 
Sax.] Indignation; vexation. Transl. of Boccalini. 
MO'ODY, mOo'-de. a. [mobT£, Sax.] Angry; out 
of humour. Shak. Sad ; pensive; melancholy. 
Shakspeare. Violent ; furious ; raging. Bale. 
MOON$, moon. 306. n. s. [^ ; mona, Sax.] The 
changing luminary of the night, called by poets 
Cynthia or Phoebe. Sliak. A month. Shah. [In 
fortification.] It is used in composition to denote a 
figure resembling a crescent, as a half moon. 
MOON -BEAM, moOn'-beme. n. s. [moon and beam.] 

Rays of lunar light. Bacon. 
MOON-CALF, moon'-kaf. n.s. [moon and calf. ] A 
monster; a false conception; supposed perhaps an- 
ciently to be produced by the influence of the moon. 
Shak. A dolt ; a stupid fellow. Dryden. 
MOONED*, m66r« ; -ed. a. Resembling the new 
moon. Milton. Having the title and character of 
the moon. Milton. 
MO'ONET* nMn'-h. n. s. A little moon. Bp. 

Hall. 
MOON-EYED, m06n'-lde. a. Having eyes affected 
by the revolutions of the moon. Dim-eyed ; pur- 
blind. Ainsworth. 
MOONFE'RN, moOn'-fern. n. s. A plant. Ainswo>ih. 
MOON-FISH, mdOn'-flsh. n.s. A fish, of which the 

tail fin is shaped like a half moon. Grew. 
MO'ONISH*, mSoV-fsh. a. Like the moon; varia- 
ble as the moon. Shakspeare. 
MOONLESS, mOGn'-les. a. Not enlightened by the 

moon. Bp. Hall. 
MO'ONLIGHT, morV-llte. n. s. The light afforded 

by the moon. Hooker. 
MOONLIGHT, m&On'-llte. a. Illuminated by the 

moou. Shakspeare. 
MO'ONLING*, mooV-llng. n. s. A simpleton. B. 

Jonson. 
MOON-SEED, moon'-seed. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
MO'ONSHINE, mOOn'-shlne. n. s. The lustre of the 
moon. Shak. In burlesque : a month. Shakspeare. 
MO'ONSHINE, m6dn' -shine. )a. Illuminated by 
MO'ONSHINY, medn'-shl-ne. ] the moon. Shak. 
MO'ONSTONE, moOn'-stone. n.s. A kind of stone. 

Ainswoiih. 
MO ONSTRUCK, mOcV-struk. a. Lunatick; affect- 

ec by i he moon. Milton. 
MOOtf TREFOIL, mdOn'-tre'-foll. n. s. A plant. 

MUkr. 
MO'ONWORT, moon'-wurt. n.s. Sta.tionfiower ; 

honesty. B. Jonson. 
MO'ONY, mSon'-ne. a. Denoting the moon. Sidney. 
Lunated ; having a crescent for the standard re- 
sembling the moon. Sylvester. 
MOOP §, mSSr. 311. n.s. [moer, Teut. and Icel.] A 
marsh ; a fen ; a bog ; a tract of low and watery 
grounds. Spenser. [Maurus, Lat. ; pavpos, Gr.] A 
negr' ; a blackamoor. Shakspeare. 
To MOOR, moor. 311. v. a. [morer, Fr.] To fasten 

by anchors or otherwise. Dryden. 
To MOOR, mo6r. v. n. To be fixed by anchors; to 
be stationed. Dryden. 



To blow a MOOR, [corrupted from a mort, Fr] To 
sound the horn in triumph at the fall of a deer, and 
call in the whole company of hunters. Ainsworth. 
MO'ORCOCK, mSdr'-kok. n. s. The male of tho 

moorhen. Shenslone. 
MO'ORGAME*, mOdr'-game. n. s. Red game ; 

grouse. Johnson. 
MO'ORHEN, mOor'-hen. n. s. A fowl that feeds in 

the lens, without web feet. Bacon. 
MO'ORISH, mdbr'-kh. a. Fenny ; marshy ; watery. 
Burton. Belonging to the Moors ; denoting Moors. 
Congrcve. 
MO'GRLAND, mOor'-land. n. s. Marsh 5 fen ; wate- 
ry ground. Mortimer. 
MO'ORSTONE, moOr'-stine. n. s. A species of 

granite. Woodward. 
MO'ORY, mSSr'-e. 306, 311. a. Marshy; fenny; 

watery. Fairfax. 
MOOSE, m.56se. 306. n. s. The large American 

deer. White. 
To MOOT §, m66t. 306. v. a. [mote, motian, Sax.] 
To plead a mock cause; to state a point of law by 
way of exercise, as was commonly done in the inns 
of court at appointed times. Sir 7* Elyot. 
To MOOT*, moot. v. n. To argue or plead upon a 

supposed cause in law. B. Jonson. 
MOOT*, mS6t. n. s. Case to be disputed ; point to be 

argued. Bacon. 
MOOT Case or Point, moot'-kase. A point or case 

unsettled and disputable. Dryden. 
MOOT-HALL*, m66t / -ball. )n. s. [niofc-huy, 
MOOT-HOUSE*, moSt'-house. S nnoS-heal, Sax.] 
Council-chamber ; hall of judgement ; town-hall. 
WiclUf'e. 
MO'OTING*, mooting, n.s. The exercise of plead- 
ing a mock cause. Overtury. 
MO'OTED, moSt'-ecl. a. Plucked up by the root. 

Ainsworth. 
MO'OTER, mooV-tur. 98. n. s. A disputer of moot 

points. 
MOP §, mop. n. s. [moppa, Welsh.] Pieces of cloth, 
or locks of wool, fixed to a long handle, with which 
maids clean the floors. Swift, [mopa, Su. Goth.] 
A wry mouth or grin made in contempt. Shak. 
To MOP, mop. v. a. To rub with a mop. 
To MOP, mdp. v. n. To make wry mouths, or grin in 

contempt. Shakspeare. 
To MOPE§, m6pe. v. n. [probably mopa, Su. Goth.] 
To be stupid ; to drowse ; to be in a constant day- 
dream. Shakspeare. 
To MOPE, mope. v. a. To make spiritless ; to de- 
prive of natural powers. Burton. 
MOPE*. m6pe. n. s. One who is moped ; a spiritless 

and inattentive person. Burton. 
MOPE-EYED, mope'-lde. 271. a. Short-sighted; 

purblind. [jjivu\p.] Bp. Bramhall. 
MOTISH^mo'-pish. a. Spiritless; inattentive; de- 
jected. Killina'beck. 
MOTISHNESS*, n^'-pfsh-nes. n.s. Dejection 3 in- 
activity. Coventry. 
MO'PPET, mop'p'lt. I 99, 270. 11. s. A puppet made 
MO'PSEY, mop'-se. ) of rags, as a mop is made; 

a fondling name for a girl. Dryden. 
MO'PUS, mO'-pSs. n.s. A drone; a dreamer. Swift. 
MO'RAL$. mor'-ral. 88, 168. a. [moralis, Lat.] Re- 
lating to the practice of men towards each other, as 
it may be virtuous or criminal ; good or bad. 
Hooker. Reasoning or instructing with regard to 
vice and virtue. Sliak. Popular ; customary ; such 
as is known or admitted in the general business of 
life. Wilkins. 
MO'RAL, m&r'-ral. n. s. Morality ; practice or doc- 
trine of the duties of life. Prior. The doctrine in- 
culcated by a fiction ; the accommodation of a fable 
to form the morals. Drvden. 
To MO'RAL, m<V-ral. v. n. To moralize. Shak. 
MO'RALER*, m&r'-ral-ur. n. s. A moralizer. Shak. 

Oh.T. 
MO'RALIST, m6r'-ral-l?st. n.s. [moraliste, Fr.] One 
who teaches the duties of life. Wotton. A mero 
moral man. Hammond. 
MORALITY, m6-ral / -le-te. n. s. [moraWA, Fr.J 
614 



MOR 



MOR 



-nA, mAve, nAr, nAt;— tAbe, t&b, bftll ;— • All;— pAund ;--//un, this. 



The doctrine of the duties of life ; elhicks. Swift. 
The form of an action which makes it the subject 
of reward, or punishment. South. An old kind of 
drama; an allegorical play, in which the virtues 
and vices were personified. Warton 
MORALIZATION*, m&r-ral-e-za'-sh&ii. n. s. Ex- 
planation in a moral sense. Sir T. Elyot. 
To MORALIZE, mor'-ral-lze. v. a. [moraliser, Fr.] 
To make moral. Brown. To apply to moral pur- 
poses ; to explain in a moral sense. Shak. To fur- 
nish with manners or examples. Spenser. 
To MORALIZE, mor'-ral-lze. v. n. To speak or 

write on moral subjects. Toiler. 
MORALIZER^nor'-ral-l-zAr. 98. n. s. One who 

moralizes. Sherwood. 
MORALLY, m&r'-ral-e. ad. In the ethical sense. 
Soutk. According- to the rules of virtue. Dryden. 
Popularly. WiUciris. 
MORALS, mor'-ralz. n.s. [without a singular.] The 
practice of the duties of life ; behaviour with respect 
to others. South. 
MORA'SS§, mA-ras'. n.s. [marisahos, Goth.] Fen; 

bog ; moor. Watts. 
MORASSY*, mA-ras'-sA. a. Moorish ; marshy; fen- 
ny. Pennant. 
MORA'VIAN*, mA-ra'-vA-an. n. s. One of a religious 
sect of Moravian and Bohemian brethren, which 
was founded in the fifteenth century. In modern 
times, one of the United Brethren, who are follow- 
ers of Count Zinzendorf, a German nobleman; 
called also Herrnhuters. Rimius. 
MORA'VIAN* mA-ra'-vA-an. a. Denoting, or be- 
longing to, the sect of Moravians. Rimius. 
MO'RBiDS, mAr'-bld. a. [morbidus, Lat.] Diseas- 
ed ; in a state contrary to health. Arbuthnot. 
MO'RBIDNESS, mAr'-b'fd-nes. n.s. State of being 

diseased. 
MORBI'FICAL, mSr-bif'-fe-kal. )a. [morbus and 
MORBFFICK, mAr-oifMlk. 509. J facio, Lat.] 

Causing diseases. Whitloc/c. 
MORBO^SE, mAr-bAse'. 427. a. [morbosus, Lat.] 

Proceeding from disease; not healthy. Ray. 
MORBO'SITY, mAr-bAs'-se-tA. n. s. Diseased state. 

Brown. 
MORDA'CIOUS§, mAr-da'-shfis. a. [mordax, Lat.] 

Biting; apt to bite. Evelyn. 
MORDA'C10USLY*,mdf-da'-sh&s-le. ad. Bitingly; 

sarcastically. Waterhouse. 
MORDA'CITY, mAr-das'-se-te. n.s. [mordacUas, 

Lat.] Biting quality. Bacon. 
MORDICANCY*, mAr'-dA-kan-sA. n. s. Biting 

quality. Evelyn. 
MORDICANT, mAr'-dA-kant. a. Biting ; acrid. 

Boyle. 
MORDICA'TION, mAr-dA-ka'-shAu. n.s. The act 

of corroding or biting. Bacon. 
MORE §, mAre. a. [mape, Sax.] In greater quan- 
tity; in greater degree. Shak. In grealer num- 
ber. Cowley. Greater. Mandeville. Added to 
some former number. Dryden. 
MORE, mAre. ad. To a greater degree. Gen. xxix. 
The particle that forms the comparative degree. 
Shak. Again ; a second time. Toiler. Longer ; 
yet continuing ; with the negative particle : as, 
" Cassius is no more.''' Shakspeare. 
MORE, mAre. n.s. A greater quantity ; a greater 
degree. 1 Sam. Greater thing ; other thing. Locke. 
Second time ; longer time. Pope. 
To MORE* mAre. v. a. To make more. Gower.Ob. T. 
MORE*, mAre. n. 5. [mop, Sax.] A hill. A root. 

[mopan, Sax.] Upton. 
MOREEN* mA-reen'. n. s. A kind of stuff used for 

curtains and bed-hangings. 
MOREL, mA-reF. n. s. [morille, Fr.] A plant. Gay. 

A kind of cherry. Mortimer. 
MORELAND, mAre'-land. n. s. [moplanb, Sax.] A 

mountainous or hilly country. 
MO'RENESS*, mAre'-nes. n. s. Greatness. Wiclije. 

Oh. T. 
MOREOVER, mAre-A'-vftr. ad. Beyond what has 
been mentioned ; besides ; likewise : also,; over and 
above. Shxtkspeare. 



MORE'SK*, mA-resk'. a. [moresque, Fr. from Mou- 
rns, Lat.] Done after the manner of the Moors ; a 
term applied to a kind of antique carving and 
painting. Sir T. Herbert. It is oilener written mo 
risco. which see. 
MORGLAY, mArgMa. n. s. A deadly weapon. 

Aiusworth. Cleaveland. 
To MORl'GERATES*, mA-rfd'-jer-ate. v. n. [mori 
gero, Lat.] To do as one is commanded ; to obey 
Cockeram. 
MORIGERA'TION*, mA-rld-jer-aZ-shfin. n. s. Obe- 
dience ; obsequiousness. Bacon. 
MORPGEROUS, mA-rld'-jAr-As. a. Obedient ; obse- 
quious ; civil. Bullckar. 
MO'RION, mA'-rA-An. 166. n.s. [Fr.] A helmet; ar- 
mour for the head ; a casque. Raleigh. 
MORPSCO, mA-ris'-kA. ; n. s. [morisco, Span. ; mo- 
MO'RISK* mA'-risk. $ risque, old Fr.l The 
Moorish language. Shelion. A dance after the 
manner of the Moors, often written morris, but 
more properly mo rice. Hakewill. A dancer of the 
morris or Moorish dance. Shakspeare. 
MORPSCO*, mA-rls'-kA. a. Applied to carving and 

painting. See Moresk. 

MORKlN, mAr'-kin. n. s. [murken, Swed.] A wild 

beast, dead through sickness or mischance. Bp. 

Hall. * 

MORLING, mAr'-ting. ) n. s. [mort, Fr.] Wool 

MO'RTLING, mArtMlng. $ plucked from a dead 

sheep. Ainsworih. 
MO'RMO, m&r'-mb. n.s. [/xop/iw.] Bugbear; false 

terrour. Glanville. 
MORN y, mArn. n. s. [merjan, Goth. ; meppan, my p.- 
pan, Sax.] The first part of the day; the morning. 
Shakspeare. 
MORNING, mAr'-nnig. n.s. The first part of the 
day, from the first appearance of light to the end 
of the first fourth part of the sun's daily course. 
Shakspeai'e. 
MO'RNING, mAr'-ning. a. Being in the early part 

of the day. Hos. vi. 
MORNING-GOWN, mAr'-nfng-gAun. n. s. A loose 
gown worn before one is formally dressed. Addison. 
MORNING-STAR, mAr-nmg-star'. n. s. The planet 

Venus when she shines in the morning. Spenser. 
MOROCCO*, mA-rok'-kA. n.s. A fine sort of leather, 
of various colours, the preparation of which is said 
to have been borrowed from the kingdom of Mo- 
rocco. The word is sometimes written like the 
French term, marroquin. 
MORO'SEy, mA-rAse'. 427. a. [morosus, Lat.] Un- 
governable; licentious. Sheldon. Sour of temper ; 
Seevish : sullen. Addison. 
•RO'SLLY, mA-rAseMA. ad. Sourly; peevishly. 
Government of the Tongue. 
MOROSENESS, mA-rAse'-nAs. n.s. Sourness; pee- 
vishness. Nelson. 
MOROS1TY, mA-rAs'-sA-tA. n.s. Moroseness; sour- 
ness ; peevishness. Shakspeare. 
MORPHEW $, mAr'-fA. n. s. [morphte, Fr.] A scurf 

on the face. Bp. Hall. 
To MORPHEW*, mAr'-fu. v. a. To cover wuh scurf. 

Bp. Hall. 

MORRIS, mAr'-rk ) n. s. [Moorish 

MORRIS-DANCE, mAr'-rfs-danse. \ or Morisco- 

dance.] A dance in which bells are gingled, or 

staves or swords clashed, which was learned by the 

Moors. Wotlon. — Nine men's morris. A kind of 

play with nine holes in the ground. Shakspeare. 

MORRIS-DANCER, mAr'-r?s-dan-snr. n. s. One 

who dances the Moorish dance. Temple. 
MORRIS-PIKE*, nwV-rJs-plke. n. s. A Moorish 

pike. Shakspeare. 
MORROW, mAr'-rA. 327. n. s. See Morn. The 
morning. Gower. The day after the present day. 
Exodus, ix. — To-morrow. On the day after this 
current day. Prior. 
MORSE, mArse. n. s. A sea-horse. Broicn. 
MORSEL, mAr'-sfl. 99. n. s. [morsel er morcel, old 
Fr.] A piece fit for the mouth; a mouthful. Shak 
A piece ; a meal. Miltcn. A small quantity. 

*>* m 



J 



MOR 



MOT 



0» 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



MO'RSURE, mfir'-shure. 452. n. s. [morsure, Fr. ; 
morsura, Lai.] The act of biting. 

MORT §, mdrt. n. s. [morte, Fr.] A tune sounded at 
the death of the game. Sliak. [morgt, Icel.] A 
great quantity. A salmon in the third year of its 

growth. 
'RTALf, mor'-tal. 88. a. [mortalis, Lat] Sub- 
ject to death ; doomed sometime to die. 1 Cor. xv. 
Deadly 3 destructive. Shak. Bringing death.' Pope. 
Inferring divine condemnation 5 not venial. Per- 
kins. Human ; belonging to man. SJiak. Ex- 
treme ; violent. Dryden. 
MO'RTAL, mSr'-taf. n. s. Man i human being. 

Tkkell. 
MORTALITY, m8r-tal'-le-te. n. s. Subjection to 
death ; state of a being subject to death. Carew. 
Death. Milton. Power of destruction. Shak. Fre- 
quency of death. Graunt. Human nature. Dry- 
den. 
To MO'RTALIZE*, m6r'-tal-lze. v. a. To make 

mortal. A. Brome. 

MORTALLY, m&r'-tal-e. ad. Irrecoverably; to 

death. Dryden. Extremely ; to extremity. Bacon. 

MORTAR, m8r'-tur. 88, 418. n.s. [mortarium, Lat.] 

A strong vessel in which materials are broken by 

being pounded with a pestle. Bacon. A short, 

wide cannon, out of which bombs are thrown. 

Granville. 

MO'RTAR, mSr'-tfir. n. s. [morter, Dutch ; mor- 

tier, Fr.] Cement made of lime and sand with 

water, and used to join stones or bricks. Mortimer. 

MO'RTER* mor'-l&r. n. s. [mortier, Fr.] A lamp 

or light ; a chamber-lamp. Chaucer. 
MORTGAGER mSr'-gadje. 90,472. n. s. [mort 
and gage, Fr.] A dead pledge; a thing put into the 
hands of a creditor. Dryden. The state of being 
pledged. Bacon.. 
To MORTGAGE, mor'-gadje. v. a. To pledge ; to 

put to pledge. Spenser. 
MORTGAGED, m5r-ga-j£e'. n. s. He that takes 

or receives a mortgage. Temple. 
MORTGAGER, mor-ga-j&r'. 98. n. s. He that gives 

a mortgage. 
MORTI ; FEROUS, m5r-tif-fer-us. a. [mortifer, 

Lat.] Fatal ; deadly; destructive. Hammond. 
MORTIFICA'TION, m8r-te-fe-ka/-shfin. n.s. The 
state of corrupting, or losing the vital qualities ; 
gangrene. Bacon. Destruction of active qualities. 
Bacon. The act of subduing the body by hard- 
ships and macerations. Arhvihnot. Humiliation ; 
subjection of the passions. Tillotson. Vexation ; 
trouble. Addison. 
MO'RTIFIEDNESS*. mfir'-te-fl-ed-nes. n. s. Hu- 
miliation ; subjection of the passions. Bp. Taylor. 
MORTIF1ER*, m6r'-te-fl-ur. n. s. One who mor- 
tifies his passions. Sherwood. 
To MORTIFY?, mdr'-te-fl. v. -a. [mortifier, Fr.] 
To destroy vital qualities. Ex;elyn. To destroy 
active powers, or essential qualities. Bacon. To 
subdue inordinate passions. Shak. To macerate 
or harass, in order to reduce the body to com- 
pliance with the mind. Brown. To humble; to 
depress ; to vex. Addison. 
To MO'RTIFY, mor'-te-fl. v. n. To gangrene ; to 
corrupt. Bacon. To be subdued ; to die away. 
To practise religious severities. Law. 
MO'RTISE§, mSr'-tk 240, 441. [See Advertise- 
ment.] n. s. [moriaise, Fr.] A hole cut into 
wood, that another piece may be put into it ; and 
form a joint. Ray. 
To MORTISE, mfir'-tls. v. a. To cut with a mor- 
tise ; to join with a mortise. Shakspeare. 
MO'RTMAIN, mort'-mane. n.s. [morie and main, 
Fr.] Such a slate of possession as makes it un- 
alienable. Spenser. 
MO'RTPAY, m&rt'-pa. n.s. [mort and pay.] Dead 

pay ; payment not made. Bacon. 
MO'RTRESS, m6r'-tres. n.s. [mortier de sagesse, 
Fr.] A dish of meat of various kinds beaten to- 
gether. Bacon. 
MO'RTUARY, m8r'-tshu-ar-re. n.s. [mortuaire, Fr. ; 
mortuarium, Lat.] A burial-place. WhUlock. A 



gift left by a man at his death to his parish church, 
for the recompense of his personal tithes and offer- 
ings not duly paid in his life-time. Harris. 

MO'RTUARY*, mor'-lshu-ar-re. a. Belonging to 
the burial of the dead. Greenhill. 

MOSAIC AL*, m6-za'-e-kal. )a. [mosaique, Fr. : 

MOSA'ICK, m6-za'-fk. 509. $ supposed to be cor- 
rupted from musoeus. L U.] Mosaick is a kind of 
painting in small pebbles, cockles, and shells, of 
sundry colours ; of most use in pavements and floor 
ings. WoUon. 

MOSA'ICAL*, m6-za'-e-kal. ) a. Denoting the 

MOSA'ICK*, m6-za'-lk. $ writings or law 

of Moses. More. 

MO'SCHATEL, m&s'-ka-tel. n.s. [moschatellina, 
Lat.] A plant. Miller. 

MOSQUE, m&sk. n. s. [masgiad, Arab.] A Ma- 
hometan temple. Hallywell. 

MOSS§, mo*s. n.s. [meor\ Sax.] A plant which 
has roots, flowers, and seeds, yet cannot be propa- 
gated from seeds by any art. Miller. A morass, 
or boggy place. Evelyn. 

To MOSS. mos. v. a. To cover with moss. Shak. 

MOSS-GROWN*, mos'-gr6ne. a. Covered or over- 
grown with moss. Pope. 

MOSSINESS, mos'-se-nes. n. s. The state of being 
covered or overgrown with moss. Bacon. 

MO'SSY, mos'-se\ a. Overgrown with moss; cov- 
ered with moss. Bacon. 

MOST §, most. a. The superlative, of more, [insert, 
Sax.] Consisting of the greatest number ; consist- 
ing of the greatest quantity. Arbuthnot. Greatest. 
Spenser. 

MOST, m6st. ad. In the greatest degree. Locke. 
The particle noting the superlative degree. Cheyne. 

MOST, most, [this is a kind of substantive.] The 
greatest number. Addison. The greatest value 
Hayward. The greatest degree; the greatest 

3uantity ; the utmost. Bacon. 
•'STICK, m6s / -tik. n. s. A corruption of maul- 
stick. 

MOSTLY, mist'-le. ad. For the greatest part. Bac 

MO'STWHAT, m6st'-hw&t. ad. For the most part. 
Hammond. Ob. J. 

MOTA'TION, m6-uV-shun. n, s. Act of moving. 
Diet. 

MOTE, m6te. n.s. [mofc, Sax.] A small particle of 
matter; any thing proverbially little. Bacon. 

MOTER*. See Motor. 

MOT*, m&t. n. s. [Fr.] A word ; a motto ; a sen- 
tence added to a device. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 

MOTE*, mote. n. s. [mot, £emofc, Sax.] A meet- 
ing ; an assembly : used in composition, as burg- 
moie, folkmoie. 

MOTE, m6te. [moet, Dutch.] Must. Cliaucer. Might. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

MO'TET*. n.s. [Fr.] A kind of sacred air; a hymn. 
Brewer. 

MOTH, mtth. 467. n. s. [moo\ Sax.] A small in- 
sect or worm, which eats cloths and hangings. 
Shakspeare. 
To MOTH-EAT*, m&z/i'-eet. v. a. Toprey upon, as 
a moth preys upon a garment. Sir T. Herbert. 

MOTH-EATEN*, m6*/i-e-tn. a. Eaten of moths 
Job, xiii. 

MOTHEN*, mtth'-n. a. Full of moths. Fulke. 

MO'THER$, m&TH'-ur. Y,l, 469. n.s. [mobop, 
Sax.] A woman that has borne a child ; correlative 
to son or daughter. Sliak. That which has produced 
any thing. Arbuthnot. That which has preceded 
in lime : as, a motJier church to chapels. That 
which requires reverence and obedience. Ayliffe. 
Hysterical passion ; so called, as being imagined 
peculiar to women. Bivrion. A familiar term of 
address to an old woman. Shak. [rnoeder, Dutch.] 
A thick substance concreting in liquors ; the lees 
or scum concreted. Bacon [More properly mod- 
der ; modde, Teul.] A young girl. Tusser. 

MOTHER, mnnZ-ur. 165. a. Had at the birth ; 

native. Spenser. 
To MOTHER, muTH'-flr. v. n. To gather concre- 
tion. Dryden. 

616 



MOU 



MOU 



—no, move, nor. not ; — tube, u'it>, bull ;—6\\ ;— pound ;— thm, ruis. 



To MOTHER*, mftTH'-flr. v. a. To adopl as a son 

or daughter. Howell. 
MO THER-IN-LAW, muTH'-ur-!n-&w. n. s. The 

mother of a husband or wife. St. Mill. x. 
MOTHER of Pearl, mimi-tV-ov-perl. n.s. A kind 
of coarse pearl; the shell in which pearts are gen- 
erated.- Spenser. 
MOTHER of Thyme, n.s. A plant. Milter. 
MOTHERHOOD'. m&TH'-ur-hud. n.s. The office 

or character of a mother. Donne. 
MO THERING* mftfH'-ur-ing. a. Togo a moth- 
ering, is to visit parents on Midlent Sunday; and 
is also known by the name of midlenting. Her- 
rick. 
MOTHERLESS, inuTH'-ur-les. a. Destitute of a 

mother. Waller. 
MOTHERLY, muTi-i -tir-le. a. [mobeplic, Sax.] 
Belonging to a mother; suitable to a mother. 
Hooker. 
MOTHERLY, m&TH'-ur-le. ad. In manner of a 

mother. Donne. 
MOTHERWORT, muTH'-ur-w&rt. n. s. A plant. 
MO'THERY, mOTH'-Qr-e. 557. a. Concreted; full 

of concretions ; dreggv; feculent. 
3IOTH31U LLEIN, mdtfz-mul'-lin. n. s. A plant. 

Miller'. 
MOTHWORT, m&ffc'-wurt. n. s. An herb. 
310 THY. m&th'-h. a. Full of moths. Shakspeare. 
MOTION}, mo'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; motio. Lat.] The 
act of changing place. Milton. That part of phi- 
losophy which considers bodies as acting on each 
other; to which belong the laws of motion. Animal 
life and action. Millon. Manner of moving the 
body; port; gait. Milton. Change of posture; 
action. Dryden. Military march, or remove. Mil- 
ton. Agitation ; intestine action. Gay. Direction; 
tendency. Milton. Impulse communicated. Ra- 
leigh. Tendency of the mind ; thought impressed. 
South. Proposal made. Shak. In old language : 
a puppet show; a puppet, and in a sense of con- 
tempt. Shakspeare. 
To MOTION, mo'-shun. v.a. To propose. Burton, 
To MOTION*, mo'-shun. v. n. To advise; to make 

proposal ; to offer plans. Millon. 
MOTIONER*, m^-sh&n-ur. n.s. A mover. CoL- 

graoe. Ob. T. 
3I0TI0NLESS, nwV-shun-les. a. Wanting motion ; 

being without motion. Milton. 
MOTIVE, m6 / -tlv. 157. a. [motivus, Lat.] Causing 
motion ; having movement. Hooker. Having the 
power to move ; having power to change place. 
Wilkins. 
MOTIVE, mo'-t'iv. n. s. That which determines 
the choice ; that which incites the action. Mover. 
Shalcspeare. 
MOTLEY, mot'-le. a. [supposed to be corrupted 

from medley.] Mingled of various colours. Shew. 
310 TOR, mo -tor. 166. n.s. [moteur, Fr.] A mover. 

Davies. 
3IOTORY, mo'-t&r-re. 512. [See Domestick.] a. 

[motorius, Lat.] Giving motion. Ray. 
3I0TT0, mot'-to. n.s. [Italian.] A sentence or 
word added to a device, or prefixed to any thing 
written. Collier. 
To 310UCH*. See To Mounch. 
3I0UGH*. ) n. s. [mox'Se, Sax.] A moth. Wic- 
3IOUGHT*. \ life. 

MOUGHT. Used for might ; the pret. of the old 
verb mowe, now converted into may. Fairfax. 
Ob. J. 
MOULDS, mold. 318. n.s. [mouillcr, Fr.] A kind 
of concretion on the top or outside of things kept 
motionless and damp. Bacon, [molb, Sax.] Earth ; 
soil; ground in which any thing grows. Miller. 
Matter of which any thing is made. Dryden. 
[molde, Span.] The matrix in which any thing is 
cast, or receives its form. Hooker. Cast ; form. 
Sluzk. The suture or contexture of the skull. Ains- 
■worth. A spot : as, an ir on-mould '. [mal, Sax.] 
More correctly mole. P. Ploughman, 
{J&- There is an incorrect pronunciation of this and sim- 
ilar words, chiefly among the vulgar, which is, sound- 
73 



ing the word as if it werp written mo-oold. This sound 
is often hoard among incorrect speakers, where thero 
is no diphthong, as in cold, bold, sold, &c, pronounced 
co-oold, bo-oold, so-oold, &c, while the true pronuncia- 
tion of these words has nothing of the u or o<> in it, hut 
is exactly like /<«/?'//, soVd, cajoVd, &.C., the preterits of 
the verbs to foot, to sole, and to cajole, &.c. For there 
is no middle sound between owl and hole; and the 
words i;i question must either rhyme with hoicVd or 
foaVd ; but the last is clearly the true pronunciation. 
This wonf, before Dr. Johnson wrote his dictionary, was 
frequently written mold, which was perfectly agreeable 
to its Saxon derivation, and was less liable to mispro- 
nunciation Ihan the present spelling. The word has 
three significations: mould, concretions occasioned by 
decay; whence to moulder, to waste away : mould, or 
earth, that to which decay reduces bodies: and a 
mould, a form to cast metals in. A diversity of pro- 
nunciation has endeavoured to distinguish the first of 
these senses from the rest, by sounding it so as to rhyme 
with hoicVd; but these distinctions of sound under the 
same spelling, ought to be, as much as possible, avoided. 
For the reasons, see Bowl. W. 

To 3I0ULD, m6ld. ?\ n. To contract concreted 
matter ; to gather mould ; to rot ; to breed worms ; 
to putrefy. Chmicer. 
To 310ULD, m6ld. v. a. To cover with mould ; to 

corrupt by mould. Lydgate. 
To 310ULD §, mild. v.a. [mauler, Fr.] To form; 
to shape; to model. Shak. To knead; as, to 
mould bread. Ainsicorth. 
MOULD ABLE, m6ld'-a-bl. a. That may be mould- 
ed. Bacon. 
3IOULDER, m6ld'-ur. 98. n.s. He who moulds. 

Bp. Berkeley. 
To MOULDER, mil'-d&r. v.n. To be turned to 
dust ; to perish in dust ; to wear or waste away. 
Clarendon. 
To MOULDER, m6l 7 -dur. v.a. To turn to dust; to 

crumble. Addison. 
MO'ULDINESS, m6l'-de-nes. n. s. The state of 

being mouldy. Bacon. 
MO'ULDING, mild'-mg. n. s. Ornamental cavities 

in wood or stone. Moxon. 
3IOULDWARP, mold'-warp. n. s. [molb and 
peoppan, Sax.] A mole; a small animal that 
throws up the earth. Spenser. 
MO'ULDY, mol'-de. a. Overgrown with concretions. 

Addison. 
To MOULT, m6lt. 318. v. n. [muyten, Teut.] To 
shed or change the feathers; to lose feathers. 
Bacon. 
MOUN*. m6&n. May ; must. See Mowe. 
ToMOUNCH, or To MAUNCH, munsh. 314. v.a. 
[macher, or mascher, Fr.] To chew ; to masticate. 
Cliaucer. 
MOUND v- m6und. 313. n. s. JVnunbian, Sax.] Any 

thing raised to fortify or defend. Spenser. 
To MOUND, mound, v. a. To fortify with a mound. 

Dryden. 
MOUNT §. mount. 313. n. s. [munfc, Sax. ; mont. 
Fr.] A mountain; a hill. Gen. xxxi. An artificial 
hill raised in a garden or other place. Knolles. A 
publick treasure ; a bank. Bacon. 
To MOUNT §, mount, v. n. [monier, Fr.] To rise 
on high. Job, iii. To tower; to be built up to great 
elevation. Job, xx. To get on horseback. Spenser. 
[For amount.'] To attain in value. Pope. 
To 3I0UNT. mount, v. a. To raise aloft ; to lift on 
high. Raleigh. To ascend; to climb. Dryden. 
To place on horseback ; to furnish with horses. 
Dryden. To embellish with ornaments. — To 
mount guard, To do duly and watch at any par- 
ticular post. Harris. To mount a cannon. To 
set a piece on its wooden frame for the more easy 
carriage and management in firing it. 
310TJNTABLE*, m&fin'-ta-hl. a That may be as- 
cended. Colgrave. 
MOUNTAIN, motV-tln. 208. n.s. [mmtaigne, Fr.] 
A large hill; a vast protuberance of the earth 
Raleigh. Any thing proverbially huge. Sliak. 
MOUNTAIN, mofin'-lin. a. [montanus, Lat.] Found 
on the mountains; pertaining to the mountains; 
growing on the mountains. Shakspeare. 



MOU 



MOV 



U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin | 



MOUNTAINEER, m6u:i-tin-necr'. ? n. s. An in- 

MO'UNTAJNER*. md6n'-tui-fir. $ habitant of 

the mountains. Dry den. A savage ; a freebooter; 

a ruslick. MiUon. 

MO'UNTAINET, moun'-t?n-&. n. s. A hillock; a 

small mount. Sidney. Ob. J. 
MOUNTAINOUS, moun'-thi-nus. a. Hilly; full of 
mountains. Burnet. Large as mountains; huge. 
Shak. Inhabiting mountains. Bacon. 
MOUNT A1NOUSNESS, mdun'-tln-nus-nes. n. s. 

State of being full of mountains. Brerewood. 
MOUNTAIN-PARSLEY, motW-tin-pars'-le. n. s. 

A plant. 
MOUNTAIN-ROSE, moun'-lin-roze. n. s. A plant. 
MOTJNTANT, m6un'-tant. a. [mpntant, Fr.] Rising 

on high. Shakspeare. 
MOUNTEBANK &, mo&n'-te-bank. n. s. [montare 
i~i banco, Ital.] A doctor that mounts a bench in 
the market, and boasts his infallible remedies and 
cures. Shak. Any boastful and false pretender. 
Arbut'nnol. 
To MOUNTEBANK, moun'-te-bank. v. a. To 

cheat by false boasts or pretences. Shakspeare. 
MOUNTEBANKERY*. mStV-te-bank-ur-e. n. s. 
Boastful and false pretence ; quackery. Ham- 
mond. 
MO'UNTENAUNCE, mdiV-te-nanse. n. s. Amount 

of a thing in space. Spenser. Ob. J. 
MOTJNTER, m6vmt / -ur. 98. n.s. One that mounts. 

Drayton. 
MOUNTING*, mounf-Ing. n. s. Ascent. Wotton. 

Ornament ; embellishment. 
MOUNTINGLY* maunt'-lng-le. ad. By ascent. 

Massinger. 
MO'UNTY, moun'-te. n.s. [montee, Fr.] The rise 

of a hawk. Sidney. 
To MOURN §, m6rne. 318. v. n. [mupnan, Sax.] To 

frieve; to be sorrowful. Genesis. To wear the 
abit of sorrow. Pope. To preserve appearance 
of grief. 2 Sam. xiv. 

To MOURN, morne. v. a. To grieve for ; to lament. 
MUton. To utter in a sorrowful manner. Milton. 

MOURN E, morne. n. s. [morne, Fr.] The round 
end of a staff; the part of a lance to which the 
steel part is fixed. Sidney. 

MOTJRNER, m6rn'-ur. n. s. One that mourns ; one 
that grieves. Shak. One that follows a funeral in 
black. Dry den. Something used at funerals. Dry- 
den. 

MOURNFUL, monV-fuk a. Having the appear- 
ance of sorrow. Slutk. Causing sorrow. Sha/c. 
Sorrowful ; feeling sorrow. Prior. Betokening" I 
sorrow; expressive of grief. Shakspeare. 

MOURNFULLY, m6nY-ful-le. ad. Sorrowfully 
with sorrow. Shakspeare. 

MOURNFULNESS, mirn'-ful-nes n. s. Sorrow 

grief. Show of grief; appearance of sorrow. 
'URNING, m6rn' Ing. n. s. Lamentation ; sor- j 
row. The dress of sorrow. Dryden. 

MO'URNENGLY, morn'-lng-Ie. ad. With the ap- 
pearance of sorrowing. Shakspeare. 

MOUSE §, mouse, n. s. plural mice, [muy, Sax. ; 
mus, Lat.] The smallest of all beasts; a little ani- 
mal haunting houses and corn-fields. Shak. For- 
merly, a word of endearment. Breton, [rnuys, 
Teut.] A term applied to a part of a leg of beef; 
the mouse-buWock. 

To MOUSE, mouze. 313, 437. v. n. To catch mice. 
Sliakspeare. 

To MOUSE*, monze. v. a. To tear in pieces, as a 
cat devours a mouse. Shakspeare. 

MOUSE-EAR, mouse'-eer. n. s. [mur-epe, Sax.] 
A plant. Miller. 

MOUSEHAWK*, mfiuse'-hawk. n. s. [mu r -hapuc, 
Sax.] A hawk that devours mice. 

MOUSE-HUNT, mduseMiunt. n. s. Mouser ; a kind 
of weasel. Shakspeare. 

MOUSF-HOLE, mouse'-h6le. n. s. Small hole. 
Dryden. 

MO'USER, mouz'-ur. 98, 437. n. s. One that catches 
mice. Swift. 

MOUSETA1L, mouse'-tale. n. s. An herb. 



MOUSE-TRAP, mduse'-trap. n. s. A snare or gin 

in which mice are taken. Hale. 
MOUTHS mdfo/i. 467. n.s. [mu$, Sax.] The aper 
ture m the head of any animal at which the food 
is received. Gen. viii. The opening ; that at which 
any thing enters ; the entrance. Bacon. The in- 
strument of speaking. Gen. xxiv. A speaker; a 
rhetorician ; the principal orator. [In burlesque 
language.] Addison. Cry; voice. Slutk. Distor- 
tion of the mouth ; wry face : in this sense, is said 
to make moutlis.Isa. lvii. — Down in the mouth. De- 
jected ; clouded in the countenance. JJ 'Estrange. 
To MOUTH, m6uTH. 467. v. n. To speak big ; to 
speak in a strong and loud voice ; to vociferate. 
Shakspeare. 
To MOUTH. mouTH. v. a. To utter with a voice 
affectedly uig. Shak. To chew; to eat. Tusser. 
To seize in the mouth. Shak. To form by the 
mouth. Brown. To insult; to attack with reproach- 
ful language. Blair. 

MO'UTHED, mouTHd. 359. a. Furnished with a 
mouth. Pope. [In composition.] Foul-?riouthed or 
contumelious; bard-mouthed, mealy-mouthed, &c. 

MOUTH-FRIEND, m6fo/y-frend. n. s. One who 
rrofesses friendship without intending it. Shak. 

MOUTHFUL, moirf/V-ful. n. s. What tlie mouth 
contains at once. Any proverbially small quanti- 
ty. Dryden. 

MOUTH-HONOUR, mduW-on-nfir. n.s. Civility 
outwardly expressed without sincerity. Shakspeai-e. 

MOUTHLESS, m6iW-l§s. a. Being without a 
mouth. 

MO'UTHPIECE*, mbhth'-p&se. n. s. The little 
piece of ajtrumpet, or other wind instrument, to 
which the mouth is applied. One who delivers the 
sentiments of others associated in the same design. 

MOVABLE, mOOv'-a-bl. 405. a. [Some write this 
word moveable, and its deiivatives moveahleness, 
moveably ; but the e is now usually omitted. Todd.] 
Capable of being moved ; not fixed ; portable. 
Hooker. Changing the time of the year. Holder. 

MOVABLES, mOcV-a-blz. 405. n. s. [meubles, 
Fr.] Goods; furniture; distinguished from real 
or immovable possessions ; as, lands or houses. 
Shakspeare. / 

MOWABLENESS, moOv'-a-bl-nks. n.s. Mobility; 
possibility to be moved. Hakewill. 

MOWABLY, mo3v / -a-ble. ad. So as it may be mo- 
ved. Grew. 

To MOVE§, mo6v. 164. v. a. [moveo, Lat.] To put 
out of one place into another; to put in motion. 
Psalm lxviii. To give an impulse to. Milton. To 
propose; to recommend. Bp. Bramhall. To per- 
suade; to prevail on. Smith. To affect; to touch 
pathetically: to stir passion. Dryden. To make 



angry. Shak. To put into commotion. Ruth, i. 
To incite. Milton. To 
tion. Milton. 



conduct regularly in mo- 



To MOVE, m56v. 65. v. n. To be in a state of 
changing place. Milton. To have a particular di- 
rection of passage. Milton. To go from one place 
to another. Locke. To have vital action. -4c/s,xvii 
To walk ; to bear the body. Dryden. To march 
as an army. Milton. To go forward. Dryden. 
To change the posture of the body in ceremony. 
Esth. v. 

MOVE, mo5v. n. s. The act of moving, commonly 
used at chess. Cowley. 

MO / VELESS, moov'-les. a. Unmoved; not to be put 
out of the place. Boyle. 

MOVEMENT, mOOv^-ment. n. s. [mouvement, Fr.] 
Manner of moving. Pope. Motion. Pope. } 

MO'VENT, m6'-vent. a. [movent, Lat.] Moving. 
Grew. 

MOWENT, md'-vgnt. [mSo'-vSnt, Perry.] n. s. That 
which moves another. Glanville. 

MOWER, m66'-v5r. 98. n. s. The person or thing 
that gives motion. Shak. Something that moves, 
or stands not still. Waller. A proposer. Bacon. 

MOVING*, m66 -v?ng. n.s. Motive ; impulse. South. 

MO'VING, mflo'-vnig. participial a. Palhetick j 
touching ; adapted to affect the passions. Blackmore. 
618 



MUC 



MUG 



— nA, move, nor, not ;— lobe, tab, bull ; — 6ll j— pound 5— thin, THis. 



MOVINGLY, moo;-\]n"-lc.af/. Pathetically} in such 

a manner as to seize the passious. Hooker'. 
MO VINGNESS*, mod'-vlng-nes. n.s. Tower to af- 
fect the passions. Boyle. 
MOW J, m6u. 323. n.s. [mope, Sax.] A heap of 
corn or hay; when laic! up in a house, said to be in 
mow ; when heaped together in a field, in rick. 
Tusser. 
To MOW, mdfi. v. n. To put in a mow. 
To MOW}, m6. 324. v. a. preler. mowed, part. mown. 
[mapan, Sax.] To cut with a sithe. Spenser. To 
cut down with speed and violence. Sliakspeare. 
To MOW, m6. v. n. To gather the harvest. Wedler. 
MOWS. mSu. 323. n.s. [probably corrupted from 
month : moue, Fr.] Wry mouth ; distorted face. 
Psalm xxxv. 15. Common Prayer. Ob. J. 
To MOW, m5u. v. n. To make mouths ; to distort 

the face. Shakspeare. 
To MO'WBURN, mdfi'-bfira. v. n. To ferment and 

heat in the mow for want of being- dry. Mortimer. 
MO WE*, ) v. n. and aux. pret. mqught. To be 
MO WEN*, £ able. Wicliffe. Must. Wwliffe. May. | 
MOUN*, S Chaucer. 
MO WER, mcV-fir. 98. n. $. [from mow.] One who 

cuts with a sithe. Tusser. 
MO WING*, mo'-lng. n. s. The act of cutting with 
a sithe. Amos, \ii. Grimace ; mockery. Ascham. 
Ability. Chaucer. 
JIO'XA, mok'-sa. 92. n. s. An Indian moss, used in 
the cure of the gout, by burning it on the part 
aggrieved. Temple. 
MOYLE, moll. 329. n.s. A mule. Carew. 
MUCHs}, mutsh. 352. a. [?nucho, Span.] Large in 
quantity ; long in time. Deut. xxiv. Many in num- 
ber.. Sliakspeare. 
MUCH, mutsh. 352. ad. In a great degree ; by far. 
Gen. xxvi. To a certain degree. St. Marie, vii. 
To a great degree. Milton. Often, or long. Dry- 
den. Nearly. Temple. 
MUCH, mutsh. n. s. A great deal ; multitude in num- 
ber; abundance in quantity. Numbers, xvi. More 
than enough; a heavy service or burthen. Milton. 
Any assignable quantity or degree. Exodus, xiv. 
An uncommon thing; something strange. Bacon. 
— To malce much of. To treat with regard ; to fon- 
dle ; to pamper. Sidney. 
MUCH at one, mutsh-at-wiW. Nearly of equal value; 

of equal influence. Dryden. 
MUCH is often used in a kind of composition with 
participles both active and passive : as, much-loved, 
mucli-enduring. 
MU'CHEL, mutsh'-el. a. [mycel, Sax.] Much. 

Spenser. 
MU CHNESS*, m&tsh'-ngs. n.s. Quantity. Whately. 
MU'CHWHAT, mulsh'-hwotorf. Nearly. GlanrAlle. 
MU C1D§, miV-s?d. a. [mucidus, Lat.] Slimy; musty. 
MU CIDNESS,mu'-skl-nes. n.s. Sliminess ; musli- 

ness. Ains worth. 
MUCILAGE 6, mu'-se-ladje. 90. n.s. [Fr.] A slimy 
or viscous mass; a body with moisture sufficient to 
hold it together. Bacon. 
MUCILAGINOUS, mu-se-lad'-jin-us. a. Slimy; 

viscous; soft, with some degree of tenacity. Ray. 
MUC1L A GINOUSN CSS, mu-se-lad'-jin-us-nes. njs. 

Sliminess; viscosity. 
MUCKS, muk. n.s. [meox, Sax.; mock, Su. Goth.] 
Dung for manure of grounds. Tusser. Simply, a 
heap. Spenser. — To run a muck, signifies to run 
madly, and attack all that we meet, [a-mocca, or 
a-muck, Malay.] Dryden. 
To MUCK, m&k. v. a. To manure with muck ; to 

dung. Tusser 
MU'CKENDER,rnuk'-en-dur. n.s. [mocadero, Span.] 

A handkerchief B. Jonson. 
To MU'CKER, muk'-Or. v. a. [from muck, a heap.] 
To hoard up ; to get or save meanly. Cliaucer. 

One that muckers ; 



[muck and 



MU'CKERER, mok'-ur-ur. n. 

a miser ; a niggard. Chaucer. 
MU'CKHEAP*, m&k'-heep. n. 

vour. 
MU'CKHILL, mftk'-hil. 406. n. 

ton. 



s. A dunghill. Fa- 
s. A dunghill. Bur- 



MU'CKMIDDEN* muk'-mid-dn. 

midden.] A dunghill. 
MU'CKINESS, mfik'-ke-nes. n. s. Nastiness ; filth. 
MU'CKLE, nuik'-kl. 403. a. [mycel, Sax.] Much. 
AM TKSW HAT, muk'-swet. n.s. Profuse sweat. 
MU'CKWORM, muk -wium. n.s. A worm that lives 

in dung. A miser ; a curmudgeon. Swift. 
Ml CKY, mi'ik'-kc. a. Nasty; filthy. Spenser. 
MU'COUS, mu'-kfts. 314. a. [mucosas, Lat.] Slimy; 

viscous. Brown. 
MUCOUSNESS, mrV-kus-nes. n.s. Slime; viscos 

itv. 
M U'CRO, mA'-kri. n.s. [Lat.] A point. Brown 
MU'CRONATED, miV-kro-na-tcd. a. Narrowed to 

a sharp point. Woodward. 
MU'CULENT, mu'-kudent. a. [mucus, Lat.] Vis- 
cous ; slimy. Diet. 
#Cr The vowel u, in. the first syllable of this and similar 
words, forms a remarkable exception to the shortening 
power of the antepenultimate and secondary accent. 
Any other vowel but it, unless followed by a diphthong, 
would have been short. This arises from no regard to 
the Latin quantity in the word muculentus; Jor the u in 
culinary and mutilate, &c, is long in English, though 
short in the Latin culiuarius, mutilo, &c. So that the 
long u in this, and similar words, is an idiom of our own 
pronunciation. 508, 511, 530. TV. 
I MUCUS, nnV-kus. n.s. [Lat.] It is more properly 
used for that which flows into the nostrils; but it is 
also used for any slimy liquor separated by the 
mucilaginous glands. Quincy. 
MUD §, mud. n. s. [modd, Su. Goth.] The slime and 
uliginous matter at the bottom of still water. Ba- 
con. 
To MUD, mud. v. a. To bury in the slime or mud 
Shak. To make turbid ; to pollute with dirt ; to 
dash with dirt. Glanville. 
MU'DDILY, mud'-de-le. ad. Turbidly; with foul 

mixture. Dn/den. 
MU'DDINESS, m&d'-de-nes. ?i.s. Turbidness; foul- 
ness caused by mud or sediment. Addison. 
To MU'DDLE, miid'-dl. 405. v. a. To make turbid ; 
to foul. Friar. To make half drunk; to cloud or 
stupify. Arbuthnot. 
To MU'DDLE* mud'-dl. v.n. To contract filth ; to 

be in a dirty or confused state. Swift. 
MU T/ DDLE*, m&d'-dl. n. s. A confused or turbid 

state. 
i MUDDY, mfid'-de. a. Turbid; foul with mud. Shak. 
Impure; dark; gross. Bacon. Soiled with mud. 
Dryden. Dark; not bright. Swift. Cloudy in 
mind; dull. Shakspeare. 
To MU'DDY, mud'-de. v. a. To make muddy ; to 

cloud ; to disturb. Grew. 
MUDDY-HEADED*, mud'-de-hed'-eU a. Having 

a cloudv understanding. Fuller. 
MU'DSUCKER, mfid'-sfik-kfir. n. s. A sea fowl. 

Derham. 
MU'DWALL, mud'-wall. n. s. A wall r ult without 
mortar, by throwing up mud, and suffering it to 
drv. South. A bird so called. Ainsworth. 
MU D WALLED, mfid'-walld. 339. a. Having a 

mudwall. Prior. 
To MUE, Hiu. v. a. [muer, Fr.] To moult; to change 
feathers; to change. Quarles. [muhen, Germ.] To 
low as a cow ; usually pronounced moo. 
MUFF, muf. n. s. [muff, Swed.] A soft cover lor the 

hands in winter. Cleaveland. 
MU-'FFIN*, muf-fln. n.s. A kind of light cake. 
To MU'FFLE$, muf-fl. 405. v. a. [mule, old Fr.] 
To conceal part or the whole of the face. Shak. 
To wrap ; to cover. Young. To conceal ; to in 
volve; to wrap up. Bacon. 
To MU'FFLE, mfif-fl. v. n. [maffelen, moffekn, 
Dutch.] To speak inwardly ; to speak without clear 
and distinct articulation. Holder. 
MU'FFLER, m6f-fl-ur. n. s. A cover for the face. 
Sliak. A part of a woman's dress, by which the 
face was covered. Shakspeare. 
MU'FTI, niuf-te. n. s. [a Turkish word.] The high 

priest of the Mahometans. Featley. 
MUG§, nnV. n. s. A cup to drink in. Gay. 
MU'GGARD*, mag'-gurd. a. Sullen ; displeased. 
619 



MUL 



MUL 



[CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& 5— pine, pin i 



MUGGY, m&g'-ge. ) 383. a. [corrupted from 

MU'GGISH, mbg'-ghh 5 mucky, ior damp.] Moist 3 

damp j mouldy. Mortimer. Thick} close 3 misty. 

[from moky ,] 

MUGGLETO'NIAN*, mug-gl-io'-ne-an. n. s. One 

of a sect of enthusiasts formed about the year 1G57 

by Lodowick Mnggleton, a journeyman tailor, who 

set up for a prophet. Grey. 

MU'GHOUSE, nuig'-hSuse. n. s. An alehouse ; a 

low house of entertainment. Toiler. 
MU'GIL*, rmV-jll. n. s. [mugil, Lat.] A name for 

the mullet. Sir T. Brown. 
MU'GIENT, mu'-je-ent. a. [mugiens, Lat.] Bellow- 
ing - . Brown. 
MU^WORT, mfig'-wurt. n. s. [mu^pyjifc, Sax.] 

A plant. Miller. 
MULA'TTO.mti-lvd'-lb. n.s. [mulata, Span.] One 
begot between a white and a black, as a mule be- 
tween different species of animals. Bp. Taylor. 
MULBERRY, mSK-ber-re. )n. s. [mop- 

MULBERRY2W, mul'-ber-re-tree. \ bejii*,Sax.] 
A tree. Miller. The fruit of the tree. Shakspeare. 
MULCH*, mulsh, n. s. R,oUen or crumbled dung. 

See Mull. Adelphi Transactions. 
MULCTS, mulkt. n. s. [mulcla, Lat.] A fine; a pen- 
alty : used commonly of pecuniary penalty. Chap- 
man. 
To MULCT, mulkt. v. a. To punish with fine or 

forfeiture. Bacon. 
MULCTUARY*, m&lk'-tshu-a-re. a. Punishing with 

fine or forfeiture. Overburij. 
MULES, mule. n. s. [mul, Sax. ; mula, Lat.] An ani- 
mal generated between a he-ass and a mare, or 
sometimes between a horse and a she-ass. Shale. 
MULETE'ER, mu'-let-teer'. .n. s.. [muletier, Fr.] 

Mule-driver ; horse-boy. Maundrel. 
MULIEBRITY, mu-le-eb'-bre-te. n. s. [muliebris, 
Lat.] Womanhood ; the contrary to virility. Soli- 
man and Perseda. 
MULISH*, mi'-Hsh. a. Like a mule; obstinate as 

a mule. Cowper. 
MULL*, mul. n.s. [mull, Su. Goth.] Dust; rubbish. 

Gower. 
To MULL, mul. v. a. [mollitus, Lat.] To soften and 
dispirit, as wine is when burnt and sweetened. 
Shak. To heat any liquor, and sweeten and spice 
it. Gay. 
MULLETN, mul'-lln. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
MULLER, mul'-l&r. 88. n. s. [mouleur, Fr.] A stone 
held in the hand with which any powder is ground 
upon a horizontal stone, often called improperly 
mullet. Peacham. 
MULLET, mul'-llt. 99. n.s. [mulet, Fr.] A sea- 
fish. Ray. 
MULLIGRUBS, m&lMe-gr&bz. n. s. Twisting of 
the guts ; sometimes sullenness. Beaumont and 
Fletclier. 
MULLION*, m&l'-yfin. n. s. [moidure, Fr.] A divis- 
ion in a window-frame ; a bar 5 a munnion, or mu- 
nicn. 
To MILLION*, mul'-yttn. tv. a. To shape into di- 
visions in a window. Stukeley. 
MULLOCK, mul'-luk. n. s. Rubbish. See Mull. 

Chaucer. 
MULSE, mulse. n.s. [midsum, Lat.] Wine boiled 

and mingled with honey. Diet. 
MULTANGULAR §. mult-ang'-gu-lar. a. [multus 
and angidus, Lat.] Many cornered 3 having many 
corners ; polygonal. Evelyn. 
MULTA'NGULARLY, mult-ang'-gu-lar-le. ad. Po- 

lvgonally; with many corners. Grew. 
MULTA'NGULARNESS, mfilt-ang'-gu-lar-nes. 

n. s. The state of being polygonal. 
MULTICATSULAR^ul-le-kap'-shiVlar. 452. a. 
[multus. and capsula, Lat.] Divided into many par- 
titions or cells. Diet. 
MULTICAVOUS, mul-te-ka'-vus. a. [multus and 

cavus, Lat.] Full of holes. Diet. 
MULTIFARIOUS §, mul-te-fa'-re-us. a..[multifari- 
us, Lat.] Having great multiplicity ; having differ- 
ent respects ; having great diversity in itself. More. 
MULTIFARIOUSLY, mul-te-fa'-re-us-le. ad. With 



multiplicity; with great variety of modes or rela- 
tions. Bentiey. 

MULTIFARIOUSNESS, mul-te-fa'-re-us-nes. n. s. 
Multiplied diversity. Norris. 

MULTFFIDOUS, mul-t?f-e-dus. a. [multifdus, 
Lat.] Having many partitions; cleft bio many 
branches. Brcnvn. 

MULTIFORM §, mfiF-te-form. a. [multiformis ,Lat.] 
Having various shapes or appearances. Milton. 

MULTIFORMITY, mul-te-ior'-me-te. n. s. [mul 
tiformis, Lat.] Diversity of shapes or appearances 
subsisting in the same thing. Purchas. 

MULTILATERAL, mul-te-lat'-ter-al. a. [multus 
and lateralis, Lat.] Having many sides. Reid. 

MULTILFNEAL*, mul-te-hV-e-al. a. [multus and 
linea, Lat.] Having many lines. Steevens. 

MULTILO'QUOUS, nrnl-tll'-li-kwus. 518. a. [mul 
tiloquus, Lat.] Very talkative. Diet. 

MULITNO'MIAL*. mul-te-ni'-me-al. } 

MULTINO'MIMAL, mul-te-nom'-me-nal. i a. 

MULTINO'MINOUS*, mul-te-n6m'-me-nus. ) 
[multus and nomen, hat.~\llav'mg many names.Z)o?m.e. 

MULTIPAROUS, mul-tip'-pa-rus. 518. a. [multipa- 
ra, Lat.] Bringing many at a birth. Broivn. 

MULTIPEDE, mulMe-pgd. [See Millepedes.] 
n. s. [mullipeda, Lat.] An insect with many feet. 
Bailey. 

MULTIPLE §, mul'-te-pl. 405. a. [multiplex, "LaL] 
A term in arithmetick, when one number contains 
another several times : as, nine is the multiple of 
three, containing it three times. 

MULTIPLPABLE, mul'-te-pM-bl. a. Capable to 
be multiplied. 

MULTIPLPABLENESS, m&r-te-pll-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Capacity of being multiplied. 

MULTIPLICABLE, mul'-te-ple-ka-bl. a. Capable 
of being arithmetically multiplied. 

MULTIPLICAND, mul-ie-ple-kand'. n. s. The 
number to be multiplied in arithmetick. Cocker. 

MULTIPLICATE, mul-tfp'-ple-kate. 91. a. Con- 
sisting of more than one. Derham. 

MULTIPLICATION, imil-te-ple-ka'-shun. _ n. s. 
[Fr. ; multiplicatio, Lat.] The act of multiplying or 
increasing any number by addition or production 
of more of the same kind. Broion. [In arithme- 
tick.] The increasing of any one number by an- 
other, so often as there are units in that number, 
by which the one is increased. Cocker. 

MULTIPLICATOR, mul-te-ple-ka'-tur. 166. n. s. 
The number by which another number is multi- 

elied. 
LTIPLFCIOUS, mul-te-phWius. a. Manifold. 
Brown. Ob. J. 
MULTIPLICITY, mfil-te-phV-e-te. n. s. [multi- 
pliciti, Fr.] More than one of the same kind. Soidh 
State of being many. Dryden. 

MULTIPLIER, mul'-te-pli-ur. n. s. One who mul 
tiplies or increases the number of any thing. De 
cay of Chr. Piety. The mulliplicator in anthme 
tick. Bacon. 

To MULTIPLY §, mul'-te-pll. v. a. [multiplier, Fr.; 
multiplico, Lat.] To increase in number 5 to make 
more by generation, accumulation, or addition. 
Job, xxxiv. To perform the process of arithmetical 
multiplication. Broion. 

To MULTIPLY, mul-te-pll. v. n. To grow in num- 
ber. Wisdom, iv. To increase themselves. Shak. 

MULTIPOTENT, mul-tlp'-po-tent. a. [multus and 
potens, Lat.] Having manifold power. Shakspeare. 

MULTIPRE'SENCE, mul-te-preV-ense. [See Om- 
nipresence.] n. s. [midtus and prcesentia, Lat.] 
The power or act of being present in more places 
than one at the same time. Bp. Hall. 

MULTPSCIOUS, mul-tlsh'-fis. a. [multiscius, Lat.] 
Havi ng variety of knowledge. 

MULTISILIQUOUS, mul-te-sll-le-kwus. a. [mul- 
tus and siliqua, Lat.] The same with corniculate ; 
used of plants, whose seed is contained in many 
distinct seed-vessels. Bailey. 

MULTISONOUS, mul-tls^-n&s. a. [multisonus, 
Lat.] Having many sounds. Diet. 

MULTISYLLABLE*, mul-te-sn'-la-bl. n. s. [mid 
1 620 



MUM 



MUN 



—no, move, nor, not j — tube, tab, bull ; — 6ll ;— -pfi find ; — th'm, THis. 



tits, Lat. and syllable.] A polysyllable ; a word of 
many syllables. Instruct, for Oratory. 
MU'LTlTUDE$, mfil'-te-tude. 463. n.s. [Fr.5 trad- 

titudo, Lat.] The state of being many ; the state 
of being more than one. Number collective ; a 
sum of many. Hale. A great number, loosely and 
indefinitely. Watts. A crowd or throng j the vul- 

6ar. Addison. 
LTITUDINOUS, mul-te-tiV-de-nus. a. Having 
tbe appearance of a multitude. Sliak. Manifold. 
Shak. Belonging to a multitude. B. Jonson. 
MULTTVAGANT. mfil-uV-va-gant. ) a. [multiva- 
MULTI'VAGOUS, mfil-uV-va-gus. \ gus, Lat.] 

That wanders or strays much abroad. Did. 
MULTFVIOUS, mftl-t?v'-ve-us. a. [multus and via, 

Lat.l Having many ways,; manifold. Diet. 
MULTOCULAR, mult-ok'-ku-lar. a. [multus and 
oculus, hat.] Having more eves than two. Derham. 
MULTURE*, mfil'-tshure. n.s. [moulture,Fr.] A 
grist, or grinding 5 the corn ground 5 also the toll, 
or fee, that is due for grinding. Cotgrave. 
MUM $, mom. interject. A word denoting prohibition 
to speak, or resolution not to speak : silence ! hush ! 
Spenser. 
MUM*, mum. a. Silent. Shakspeare. 
To MUM*. See To Mumm. 
MUM, mam. n. s. [mumme, Germ.] Ale brewed with 

wheat. Mortimer. 
MUM-BUDGET*, mum'-bfid'-jft. interj. [mum and 
budget.'] An expression denoting secrecy as well as 
silence 5 used in a contemptuous or ludicrous man- 
ner. Fulke. 
MUM-CHANCE*, mfW-tshanse. n. s. Silence. Hu- 
loet. A game of hazard with dice. Cavendish. A 
fool, dropped as it were by chance, or by the fairies ; 
one who is for the most part stupid and" silent, rare- 
ly speaking to the purpose, [from mome, a fool.] 
Grose. 
To MU'MBLE §, mum'-bl. 405. v. n. [mommelen, 
Teut.] To speak inwardly ; to grumble ; to mutter ; 
to speak with imperfect sound. Spenser. To chew 5 
to bite softly. Dryden. 
To MU'MBLE, mfim'-bl. v. a. To utter with a low, 
inarticulate voice. Fulke. To mouth gently. Pope. 
To slubber over ; to suppress; to utter imperfectly. 
Druden. 
MUMBLE-NEWS*, mum'-bl-nuze. n. s. A kind of 
tale-bearer ; one who privately reports news. 
Shakspeare. 
MUMBLER, nnW-bl-ur. 98. n. s. One that speaks 

inarticulately; a mutterer. Bale. 
MU'MBLINGLY, ro&m'-bl-lng-le. ad. With inartic- 
ulate utterance. 
To MUMM, mum. v. a. [mumme, Dan.] To mask ; 

to frolick in disguise. Spenser. 
MU'MMER, mUm'-mur. 93. n.s. A masker; one 
who performs frolicks in a personated dress. Origin- 
ally, one who gesticulated, without speaking. Shak. 
MU'MMERY, mum'-mur-re. 557. n.s. [momerie, Fr.] 

Masking; frolick in masks ; foolery. Wottm. 
To MU'MMIFY*, mum'-rne-fl. v. a. [muvimy, and 
Jio, Lat.] To preserve as a mummy; to make a 
mummy of. J. Hall. 
MU'MMY §, m&m'-me. n. s. [mumie, Fr. ; mumia, 
Lat.] A dead body preserved by the Egyptian art 
of embalming. Bacon. The liquor which distils 
from mummies; any gum. Shak. Among gar- 
deners : a sort of wax used in the planting and 
grafting of trees. Chambers. — To beat to a mummy 
To beat soundly. AinswortJi. 
To MUMP§, mump. v. a. [mompelen, Teut.] To nib- 
ble ; to bite quick ; to chew with a continued mo- 
tion. Otway. To talk low and quick. In cant 
language : to beg. Ainsworth. To deceive ; to 
chouse. Wycherley. 
MU'MPER, m&mp'-fir. 98. n. s. A beggar. 
To MUMP*, mump. v. n. To chatter; to make 
mouths; to grin like an ape. Marston. To im- 
plore notice by making a face of distress ; to beg 
with a false pretence. Burke. 
MU'MPING*, mfimp'-lng. n. s. Foolish tricks ; acts 
of mockery. Shcnveod. Begging tricks. Bentley. 



MUMPS, mumps, n. s. [mompelen, Dutch.] Sullen*- 
nesa ; silent anger. A swelling of the glands aboui 
the throat and the jaws. WJvite. 

MUN*. Must. SeeMowE. 

To MUNCH $, mulish. 352. v. a. [manger, Fr.] To 
chew by great mouthfuls. See ToMounch. Shak. 

To MUNCH, munsh. v.n. To chew eagerly by great 
mouthfuls. Dryden. 

MU'NCHER, mOnsh'-ur.SS. n.s. One that munches 

MUND, mfind. n. s. Mund is peace, from which our 
lawyers call a breach of the peace, mundbrech : 
so 'Eadmund is happy peace; ^Ethelmund, noble 
peace. &c. Gibson. 

MU'NDANE §, mun'-dane. a. [mundanus, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the world. Skelton. 

MUNDANITY*, mfin-dan'-e-te. n.s. Secularity; 
attention to the things of the world. W. Moun- 
tague. Ob. T. 

MUNDATION, mun-da-'-shun. n. s. [mundus, Lat.] 
The act of cleansing. 

xMU'NDATORY, mun'-da-lur-re. 512. [See Do- 
mestick.J a. Having the power to cleanse. 

MU'NDICK, mun'-dlk. n. s. A kind of marcasite or 
semi-metal found in tin mines : so called from its 
cleanly, shining appearance, [mundus, Lat.] Wood- 
ward. 

MUNDIFIC A'TION, mun-de-fe-ka'-shun. n,s. [mun- 
dus and facio, Lat.] Cleansing any body, as from 
dross. Quincy. 

MUNDFFICATTVE, mun-dlf-fe-ka-tfv. [See Jus- 
tificative.] a. [mundijicatif, Fr.] Cleansing; 
having the power to cleanse. Brown. 

MUND1 FICATIVE*, mfie-dlf-fe-ka-tlv, n. s. A 
medicine to cleanse. Wiseman. 

To MU'NDIFY §, mun'-de-fl. 185. v. a. [mundifier, 
Fr.J To cleanse ; to make clean. Brown. 

MUNDFVAGANT, mun-dfv'-va-gant. 518. a. [mun- 
divagus, Lat.] Wandering through the world. Diet. 

MUNDU'NGUS, mun-dung'-gus. n. s. Stinking to- 
bacco. Phillips. 

MU'NERARY, mA'-neV-a-re. 512. a. Having the na* 
ture of a gift. 

To xMU'NERATE §*, rmV-ner-ate. v. a. \munzro, 
Lat.] To reward. Coles. Ob. T. 

MUNERA'TION*, nuV-ner-a'-shfin. n.s. Gift; re- 
ward. Lejnon. Oh. T. 

MUNG-CORN*. mung'-kdrn. n. s. Mixed corn. See 
Mangcorn. 

MU'NGREL, mung'-grll. 99. n. s. See Mongrel, 
Any thing generated between different kinds ; any 
thing partaking of the qualities of different causes 
or parents. Shakspeare. 

MU'NGREL, mung'-grlL.a. Generated between dif- 
ferent natures ; baseborn ; degenerate. Sliak- 
speare. 

MUNICIPAL ^mu-nls'-se-pai. a. [Fr. ; murdtipalis, 
Lat.] Belonging to a corporation. Fulke. 

MUNICIPALITY*, mu-ne-se-paF-e-te. n. s. The 
people of a district in the division of republican 
France. Burke. 

To MUNFFICATE* mu-nff-fe-kate. v. a. [munifico 
Lat.] To enrich. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

MUNFFICENCE, mu-nlf-fe-sgnse. n.s. [munificen 
tia, Lat.] Liberality ; the act of giving. Addison. 
Fortification or strength, from munitiones facere. 
Spenser. 

MUNFFICENT §, mu-n?f -fe-sent. a. [munificus, Lat.] 
Liberal ; generous. Atierbury. 

MUNFFICENTLY, mu-nif-fe-slnt-le. ad. Liberal 
ly; generously. 

MU'NIMENT, imV-ne-ment. n. s. [munimentum, 
lat.] Fortification; strong hold. Support; de- 
fence. Shak. Record ; writing upon which claims 
and rights are founded; evidences; charters 
Warton. 
l J o MUNI'TE§, mu-nlte 7 . v. a. [munio, Lat.] To for- 
tify; to strengthen. Bacon. Ob. J. 

MUNFTION, mu-nish'-un. n.s. [Fr.; mumiio r LsX.} 
Fortification ; strong hold. Isaiah, xxix. Ammu- 
nition; materials for '^ar. Fairfax. 

MU'NITY* mu'-ne-te. n. „. ^curity ; freedom W 
Mountague. Ob. T. 

G21 



MUS 



MUS 



[DP 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n; 



MUNN'ON, mon'-yan. 1L3. n. s. See Mullion. 
Moxon. 

MUNS*. mfinz. n. s. [mund, Germ, and Dan.] A 
term for the mouth and chops. Kay. 

MURAGE, ma'-rldje. 90. n.s. [mums, Lat.] Money 
paid to keep walls in repair. 

MURAL, mu'-ral. 177. a. [muralis, Lat.] Pertain- 
ing - to a wall. Milton. 

MU'RDERS, mur / -dar. 98. n. s. [mop. Sep, Sax.] 

The act of killing a man unlawfully. Shakspeare. 
To MU RDER, miV-dor. v. a. To kill a man un- 
lawfully. Dryden. To destroy; to put an end to. 
Slwdtspeare. 

MURDER, miV-dur. interj. An outcry when life is 
in danger, Shakspeare. 

MU'RDERER, rmV-dQr-ur. 557. n. s. One who has 
shed human blood unlaAvfully ; one who has killed 
a man criminally. Sidney. A small piece of ord- 
nance, in ships of war; called also a murderiug- 
piece. Smith's Sea Grammar. 

MURDERESS, mfir'-dur-es. n. s. A woman that 
commits murder. Donne. 

MURDERING PIECE*. imV-dur-mg-pese. n. s. A 
small piece of ordnance. Sfiakspeare. 

MURDERMENT, mur'-dur-ment. n, s. The act of 
killing unlawfully. Fairfax. Ob. J. 

MU'RDEROUS, mfir'-dur-us. 555. a. Bloody ; guil- 
ty of murder ; addicted to blood. Milton. 

MURDEROUSLY*, miV-dur-as-le. ad. In a bloody 
or a cruel manner. Sherwood. 

MURE §, mure. n. s. [mur, Fr. ; murus, Lat.] A wall. 
Hey wood. Ob. J. 

To MURE, mure. v. a: To enclose in walls. Bp. 
Hall. 

MU'RENGER, mir'-ren-jur. 177. n. s. An overseer 
of a wall. Ainsworth. 

$3= This word is often improperly pronounced with the 
u short, as if written murrenger. W. 

MU'RIATED*, mu'-re-a-tgd. a. [muria, Lat.] Put 
in brine. Evelyn. 

MURIA'TICK, mu-re-at'-tik. a. Partaking of the 
taste or nature of brine, from muria. brine or pickle. 
Quincy. 

MURK§ mftrk. n. s. [morck, Don.] Darkness; want 
of light. Shakspeare. 

MURK, murk. n. s. Husks of fruit. Ainsworth. 

MURKY, m&r'-ke. a. Dark ; cloudy; wanting light. 
Shakspeare. 

MU'RMURS, imV-mur. n.s. [Lat.] A low, shrill 
noise. Bacon: A complaint half suppressed. Dnj- 
deiu 

To MU'RMUR, mur'-mcir. r. n. [nwrmtiro, Lat.] To 
give a low, shrill sound'. Shak. To grumble; to 
utter secret and sullen discontent. Dryden. 

MU RMURER, mur'-mur-rur. 98. n.s.'Oae who re- 
pines; a grumbler; a repiner. ShaJcspeare. 

MURMURING*, mar'-mur-hig. n. s. A low sound; 
a continued murmur ; a confused noise. Spenser. 
Complaint half suppressed. Phil. ii. 

MU'RMURINGLY*, mur'-mur-ing-le. ad. With a 
low sound ; mutteringly. Sherwood. 

MU'RMUROUS*, mar'-mar-us. a. Exciting mur- 
mur. Pope. 

MU'RNIVAL, nnV-ne-val. n. s. [momi/le, Fr.] Four 
cards of a sort. Skinner. 

MURR*, mur. n. s. A catarrh. Gascoigne. Ob. T. 

MURRAINS, muV-rtn. 208. n. s. [marrane,o\<\ Fr.] 
The plague in^cattle. Sidney. 

MURRAIN, mur'-rm. a. Infected with the murrain. 
Shakspeare. 

MURRE, mar. n. s. A kind of bird. Careiv. 

MURREY, mur'-re. 270. a. [moree, Fr.] Darkly 
red. Bacon. t 

MU'RRION, rhur'-re-un.' 113. n. s. [often written 

morion.] A helmet; a casque; armour for the 

head. King. 

MURTH of Com. n. s. Plenty of grain. Ainsworth. 

MUSA'RD*, mu-zard'. n. s. [Fr.] A dreamei ; 

o«e who is aot to be absent of mind. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 

MU SC * DEL, nnV-ka-del. )n. s. [muscat, 

MU'SOADINE, rmV-ka-dlne. 149. $ muscadd, Fr.] 



A kind of sweet grape, sweet wine, and sweet pear. 
Shakspeare. 

MU'SCLE $, mus'-sl. 351, 405. n. s. [Fr. ; musadus, 
Lat.] A bundle of thin and parallel plates of fleshy 
threads or fibres, enclosed by one common mem 
brane. Muscles are the instruments of motion in the 
body. Quincy. A bivalve shell-fish. Carew. 

MUSCO'SITY^mus-kos'-se-te. n. s. [muscosus, Lat.] 
Mossiness. 

MU'SCULAR, mds'-ku-lar. 88. a. [musculus, Lat.] 
Relating to muscles ; performed by muscles. Ar- 
bufhnot. 

MUSCULA'RITY, mus-ku-lar'-re-te. n. s. The state 
of having muscles. Grew. 

MU'SCULOUS, mus'-ku-ms. 314. a. Full of muscles; 
brawny. Johnson. Pertaining to a muscle. More. 

MUSE, muze. n.s. Deep thought; close attention ; 
absence of mind; brown study. Spenser. The 
power of poetry. Cowley. 

To MUSES, muze. v. n. \muser, Fr.] To ponder 
to think close; to study in silence. Sidney. To 
be absent of mind ; to be attentive to something 
not present. Shak. To wonder; to be amazed 
Sliakspeare. 

MUSEt, mize. n. s. One of the nine sister goddesses, 
who. in the heathen mythology, are supposed to 
preside over the liberal arts. 

To MUSE*, muze. v. a. To meditate ; to think on. 
Thomson. 

MU'SEFUL, muze'-fiil. a. Deep thinking; silently 
thoughtful. Dryden. 

MUSELESS*, muze'-les. a. Regardless of the power 
of poetry. Milton. 

MUSER^ nuY-z&r. 98. n. s. One who muses ; one 
apt to be absent of mind. 

MU'SET, mu'-zSt. n. s. [In hunting.] The place 
through Which the hare goes to relief. Sliakspeare. 

MUSE'UM, mu-ze'-um. [See Pygmean.] n. s.faov- 
o-aoi-.] A repository of learned curiosi'.'es. Pegge. 

MU'SHROOM, mush'-rdom. n. s. [muscheron^Fr.] 
A plant : the champignon. Miller An upstart; a 
wretch risen from the dunghill. Bacon. 

MU'SHROOMSTONE, mash / -r56m-st6ne. n.s. A 
k i nd of fossil . Woodward. 

MUSICAL, miV-ze-kal. a. [Fr.] Harmonious ; me- 
lodious; sweet sounding. Spenser. Belonging to 
musick. Addison. 

MUSICALLY, mu'-ze-kal-le. ad. Harmoniously; 
with sweet sound. Addison. In conformity to the 
rules of musick. Hoiodl. 

MU'SICALNESS, miY-ze-kal-nes. n.s. Harmony. 
Dr. Warton. 

MUSFCIAN, mu-zlsh'-un. 357. n s. [musicien, Fr.] 
One skilled in harmony ; one who performs upon 
instruments of musick. Shakspeare. 

MUSICK \, mu'-zfk. 400. n. s. [jxovciKrj ; musique, 
Fr.] The science of harmonica! sounds. Shak. In- 
strumental or vocal harmony. Spenser. Enter- 
tainments of instrumental harmony. Law. 

MUSING, iwV-zmg. n.s. Meditation; contempla- 
tion. Shakspeare. 

MUSKS, musk. n.s. [rnoscha, Arab.] A substance 
of a dark blackish colour, with some tinge of a 
purplish or blood colour in it : its smell is highly 
perfumed, and too strong to be agreeable in any 
large quantity : it is the production of an animal 
of the size of a common goat, and is contained in a 
bag, situated in the lower part of the creature's 
belly, ffll. 

To MUSK*, musk. v. a. To perfume with musk. 
Cotgrave. 

MUSK, mask. n. s. [musca, Lat.] Grape hyaemth or 

6 rape flower. 
SKAPPLE, musk'-ap-pl. 405. n.s. A kind of 

apple. Ainsworth. 
MU'SKCAT, mftsk'-kat. n. s. [musk and cat.'] The 

animal from which musk is firot. 
MU'SKCHERRY, musk'-tsheVre. n. s. A sort of 

cherry. Ainsworth. 
MU'SKETS, mus'-k?t. 99. n. s. [mousquet, Fr.] A 

soldiers handgun. Shak. A male hawk of a small 

kind. Dri/den. 



MUT 



MUZ 



—no, move, nor, ndt ; — t Abe , tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pound 5— thin, this. 



MUSKETEER, mus-kc-uVV. n. s. A soldier whose 

weapon is his musket. Howell. 
MUSKETOON. mfis-ke-toon'. n. s. [mousqueton, 

Fr.] A blunderbuss ; a short gun of a large bore. 

Diet. One whose weapon is a musketoon. Sir T. 

Herbert. 
MUSKINESS,mus'-ke-nes. n.s. The scent of musk. 
MUSKI TTO*, ) , .1/ .1 < n. s. [musca, Lat.] 
MUSQUI TTO*, \ mCls ke " t0 - \ A stinging fly or 

gnat of the Indies. Purchas. 
SKME'LON, musk'-mel-lnn. n. s. A fragrant 
melon. Bacon. 
Ml T SKPEAR, mdsk'-pare. re. s. A fragrant pear. 
MU'SKROSE, musk'-roze. n. s. A rose so called 

from its fragrance. Bacon. 
MV SKY, mus'-ke. a. Fragrant ; sweet of scent. 

Milton. 
MU'SLIN, muz'-lm. re. s. [mousselin, Fr. ; from Mo- 
sul, the city whence muslin was sent into Europe.] 
A fine stuff made of cotton : an imitation of it is 
made in this country. Toiler. 
MU'SROL, mfiz'-role. re. s. [muserole, Fr.] The 

noseband of a horse's bridle. Bailey. 
MUSS, mfls. n. s. [mousche. Fr.] A scramble. SJiak. 
MU'SSEL*. miV-sl. ?i.s. (mussale, Fr.] A shell fish. 
MUSSITA'TION, mfis-se-ta'-shftn. re. s. [mussito, 

Lat.] Murmur: grumble. Young. 
MU SSULMAN$, mus'-sul-man. 88. n.s. [Arab.] A 

Mahometan believer. Sir T. Herbert. 
MU'SSULMANISH*, nuV-sul-man-ish. a. Mahom- 
etan. Sir T. Herbert. 
MUST, must, verb imperf. [muessen, Teut.] To be 
obliged 5 to be by necessity. It is only used before 
a verb. Must is of all persons and tenses ; and used 
of persons and things. Gen. xxiv. 
MUST §, must. n. s. [mustum, Lat.] New wine ; new 

wort. Wicliffe. 
To MUST §, must. v. a. [mws, Welsh.] To mould 5 

to make mouldy. Mortimer. 
To MUST, mnst. v.n. To grow mouldy. 
MUSTA'CHE, m&s-stashe'. ) re. s. [mostaccio, 
MUSTA'CHIO*, mus-sta'-she-6. ] mustaccio, Ital. 
from the Greek /*ucra£.] A whisker 3 hair on the 
upper lip. Shakspeare. 
MU'STARD, mus'-tard. 88. re. s. [mustard, Welsh 5 

moustard, Fr.] A plant. Miller. •- 
To MUSTER §, nuV-tur. 98. v. a. [mousleren, 
Dutch.] To bring together 3 to form into an ar- 
my. Spenser. 
To MU'STER, mus'-tor. v. n. To assemble in order 

to form an army. Shakspeare. 
MU'STER, lmV-tur. n. s. A review of a body of 
forces. B. Jonson. A register of forces mustered. 
Hooker. A collection : as, a muster of peacocks. 
Ainsworth. — To pass muster. To be allowed. 
South. 
MU'STERBOOK, mus'-tur-b66k. n. s. A book in 

which the forces are registered. Shakspeare. 
MU'STERMASTER, mus'-tur-ma-stur. n. s. One 
who superintends the muster to prevent frauds. 
Knolles. 
MU'STER-ROLL, mus'-tur-role. n. s. A register 

of forces. Pope. 
MU'STILY, mus'-te-le. ad. Mouldily. 
MU'STINESS, mus'-te-nls. n. s. Mould ; damp foul- 
ness. Evelyn. 
MU'STY, mus'-te. a. Mouldy; spoiled with damp; 
moist and fetid. Bar.on. Stale; spoiled with age. 
Slwk. Vapid with fetidness. Pope. Dull; heavy; 
wanting activity ; wanting practice in the occur- 
rences of life. Addison. 
MUTABI'LITY, mu-ta-b?l'-le-te. n.s. [m.utabilite, 
Fr.] Changeableness; not continuance in the same 
state. Hooker. Inconstancy;- change of mind. 
Slmkspeare. 
MU'TABLEfc, muMa-bl. 405. a. [mutabilis, Lat.] 
Subject to change ; alterable. South. Inconstant ; 
unsettled. Sfutkspeare. 
MU'TABLENESS, mu'-ta-bl-ngs. n. s. Changea- 
bleness ; uncertainty ; instability. Sherwood. 
MUTATION, mu-ta'-shun. n.s. [Fr. : mutatio,Lni.] 
Change; alteration. Bacon. 



MUTE$, mute. a. [mut, muet, old Fr.; mutus, Lat.] 
Silent; not vocal; not having the use of voice. 
Dryden. Having nothing to say. Shakspeare. 

MUTE, mute. ». s. One that has no power of speech. 
Shak. A letter which without a vowel can make 
no sound. Holder. 

To MUTES, mute. v.n. [mutir, Fr.] To dung as 
birds. Tob. ii. 

MUTE* mute. n. s. The dune of birds. Hudibras. 

MU'TELY, mute'-le. ad. Silently; not vocally. 
Milton. 

MU'TENESS* mute'-ne's. n. s. Silence ; aversion 
to speak. Milton. 

To MU'TILATE $, mu'-le-late. v.a. [mutikr, Fr. 5 
mutilo, Lat.] To deprive of some essential part 
Brown. 

MU'TILATE*, mu'-te-late. a. Deprived of some 
essential oart. Hammond. 

MUTILATION, mu-te-la'-shun. n. s. Deprivation 
of a limb, or any essential part. Clarendon. 

MU'TILATOR*, mu'-te-la-t&r. re. s. One that man- 
gles, or deprives of some essential part. Quarterly 
Review, i. 

MU'TINE §, mu'-tm. 140. re. s. [mutin, Fr.] A mu- 
tineer ; a mover of insurrection. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

To MU'TINE*, mu'-t?n. v. re. [mutiner, Fr.] To rise 
in mutiny. Burton. 

MUTINE'ER, mu-tfn-neer'. re. 5. A mover of sedi- 
tion ; an opposer of lawful authority. Bacon. 

MU'TlNG*,mu'-t!ng. re. s. The dung of birds. More. 

MU'TINOUS, mu'-tfn-nus. 314. a. Seditious ; busy 
in insurrection ; turbulent. Shakspeare. 

MU'TINOUSLY. mu'-tm-nus-le. ad. Seditiously, 
turbulently. Sidney. 

MU'TINOUSNESS, mu'-tln-nfis-n§s. re. s. Sedi- 
I tiousness ; turbulence. 

I To MU'TINY, miV-te-ne. v. re. [mutiner, Fr.] To 
I rise against authority 3 to make insurrection j to 
move sedition. South. 

MUTIN Y, mu'-te-ne. re. 5. Insurrection ; sedition. 



To MU'TTER $, imV-tur.- 98. v.n. [mutire, Lat.; 
multra, Su. Goth.] To grumble ; to murmur. 
Isaiah, viii. 
To MU'TTER, mut'-tfir. v. a. To utter with imper- 
fect articulation 3 to grumble forth. Shakspeare. 
MU'TTER, mut'-tur. re. s. Murmur j obscure utter- 
ance. Milton. 
MU'TTERER, mflt'-tur-ur. 555. re. s. Grumbler; 

murmurer. Barr'oi". 
MUTTERING*, mut'-tfir-fng. re. 3. Murmur j ut- 
terance of a low voice. Fleetwood. 
MU'TTERINGLY, mdt'-tur-hig-le. ad. With a low 

voice ; without distinct articulation. 

MU'TTON §, mut'-t'n. re. s. [mouton, Fr.] The flesh 

of sheep dressed for food. Swift. A sheep. Bacon. 

tyCr" The 0, in this and similar terminations, is under 

the same predicament as e. — See Principles, Nos, 103, 

170. TV. 

MU'TTONFIST, mut'-t'n-flst. n. s. [mutton and 

fist] A hand large and red. Dryden. 
MU'TUAL §, mu'-tshu-al. 463. a. [mutuel, Fr.] Re 
ciprocal ; each acting in return or correspondence 
to the other. Shakspeare. 
MUTUALITY, mu-tshu-alMe-te. re. s. Reciproca- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
MU'TUALLY, mu'-tshu-al-ie. ad. Reciprocally; in 

return. Holder. 
MUTUA'TION $*, mu-tshA-a'-shun. n.s. [mutuatio, 

Lat.] The act of borrowing. Bp. Hall. 
MUTUATI'TIOUS*, mu-tshu-a-tlsh'-ds. a. Bor- 
rowed; taken from some other. More. 
MUX*, mfiks. re.s. [a corruption of muck.] Dirt. Grose. 
MU'XY*, muk'-se. a. Dirty; gloomy. Lemon. 
MU'ZZLE $, m&z'-zl. 405. ji. s. [museau, Fr.] The 
mouth of any thing. Sidney. A fastening for the 
mouth, which hinders to bite. Shakspeare. 
To MU'ZZLE, m&z'-zl. v. n. To bring the mouth 

near. L'Estrange. 
To MU'ZZLE, muz'-zl. v.a. To bind the mouth. 
Shak. To fondle with the mouth close. L'Es- 
trange. To restrain from hurt. Shakspeare. 



MYS 



MYT 



03= 559.— File, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— 



MU'ZZY# ; nnV-ze a. [a corruption from to muse.] 
Absent forgetful; dreaming-; bewildered by 
thought : bewildered by liquor. 

MY, mi, or me. pronoun poss. Belonging to me. 
Spenser. 

$Cr There is a puzzling diversity to foreigners in the 
pronunciation of this word, and sometimes to natives, 
when they read, which ought to be explained. It is 
certain that the pronoun my, when it is contradistin- 
guished from any other possessive pronoun, and con- 
sequently emphatical, is always pronounced with its 
full, open sound, rhyming with fly ; but, when there is 
no such emphasis, it falls exactly into the sound of me, 
the oblique case of/. Thus, if I were to say, My pen 
is as bad as my paper, I should necessarily pronounce 
my like me, as, in this sentence, pew and paper are the 
emphatical words; but, if I were to say, My pen is 
worse than yours, here my is in opposition to yours, 
and must, as it is emphatical, be pronounced so as to 
rhyme with high, nigh, &c. W. 

MY'NCHEN, mln'-tshen. n s. [mynchen, Sax ; ] A 
nun. Diet. 

MYNHE'ER*, mm-heerA n. s. [Dutch.] Sir, my 
lord; or master, among the Dutch : among us, it 
usually means a Dutchman. Coventry. 

MYOGRAPHY, ml-og'-gra-fe. 116, 187, 518. n. s. 
[tivoyoatiia.] A description of the muscles. 

MY'OLOGY, ml-6K-l6-je. 116,187. n.s. [uvg and 
,\<Jyo?.] The description and doctrine of the mus- 
cles. Cheyne. 

MY'OPES*, mF-ope. n. s. [Fr. ; uiuq, Gr.] A short- 
sighted person. Adams. 

MYOPY, ml'-o-pe. n. s. Shortness of sight. 

MY'RIAD, nuV-re-ad. n. s. [uvptag.] The number 
of ten thousand. Pearson. Proverbially, any great 
number. Milton. 

&5= It may not, perhaps, be unworthy of observation, 
that y, in this and the following words, is under the 
same predicament as i: if followed by r and a vowel, 
it is short i ; if by r and a consonant, it becomes short 
e, which is the cause of the difference in the first syl- 
lable of myriad and myrmidon. — See Principles. No. 
Iu8, 109. W. 

MYRMIDON, mey-me-dun. 166. n. s. [ f ,vpur,5mv.'] 
Any rude ruffian ; so named from the soldiers of 
Achilles. Swift. 

MY'ROBALAN, me-^b'-a-lan, or ml-rob'-a-lan. 
!87. n. s. [m.ijrobalanus, Lat.] Dried fruit. The 
production of trees growing in the East Indies. 
Bacon. 

MYROTOLIST, me-rop'-po-lk, or ml-rop'-pi-Ust. 
187, 518. n. s. [uvpov and nwXio).] One who sells 
unguents. 

MYRRHimk 108,109. n.s. \myrrha, Lat.] A 
gum. Hill. 

MY'RRHINE, mer'-rln. 140. a. [myrrhinus, Lat.] 
Made of the myrrhine stone. Milton. 

MY'RTIFORM, mer'-le-form. a. Having the 
khape of myrtle. 

MY'RTLE, mer'-tl. 108, 109, 405. n. s. [myrtus, Lat.] 
A fragrant tree, sacred to Venus. Miller. 

MYSE'LF, me-sglf. n.s. [my and self.] An emphat- 
ical word added to I: as, 1 myself do it; that is, 
not 1 by proxy ; not another. Shak. The recip- 
rocal of I, in the oblique case. Swift. 



MY'STAGOGUE, mV-la-gog. 338. n. s. [uvarayui 
yo$.] One who interprets divine mysteries; also 
one who keeps church relicks. and shows them to 
strangers. Warburton. 

MYSTE'RIAL*, mls-te'-re-al. a. Containing a mys- 
tery or enigma. B. Jonson. 

MYSTE'RIARCH, m'fs-te'-re-ark. ?i.s. [uvcrioiov 
and c\px>h] One presiding over mysteries. 

MYSTERIOUS, mfs-te'-re-us. a. Inaccessible to 
the understanding ; awfully obscure. Milton. Art 
fully perplexed. Swift. 

MYSTERIOUSLY, m?s-te'-re-us-le. ad. In a man 
ner above understanding. Obscurely ; enigmati- 
cally. Bv. Taylor. 

MYSTE/RIOUSNESS, mls-te'-re-Ss-nes. n. s. Holy 
obscurity. Bp. Taylor. Artful difficulty or per- 
plexity, 

To MY'STERIZE, mls'-te-rlze. v. a. To explain as 
enigmas. Brown. 

MY'STERY§, mls'-te-re. n.s. [uvcrvpiov, Gr. ; mys- 
tere, Fr.] Something above human intelligence ; 
something awfully obscure. Shak. An enigma; 
any thing artfully made difficult. Shak. A trade ; 
a calling, [from mestier, Fr.] Spenser, [mistere, old 
Fr.] A kind of ancient dramatick representation. 
Bp. Percy. 

MY'STICAL, nuV-te-kal. 88. ) a. [mysticus, Lat.l 

MY STICK, mfs'-tfk. $ Sacredly obscure*. 

Hooker. Involving some secret meaning; em- 
blematical. Milton. Obscure; secret. Drvden. 

MYSTICALLY, nuV-te-kal-Je. ad. In a manner, 
or by an act, implying some secret meaning. 
Donne. 

MY'STIC ALNESS, unV-te-kal-nes. n. s. Involution 
of some secret meaning. 

MY'STICISM*, nuV-te-slzm. n.s. The pretences of 
the Mysticks ; fanaticism. Coventry. 

MY'STICK*, mfe'-tik. n. s. One of an old fanatick 
sect, pretending to talk and think of religion, in a 
manner above the understanding of common 
Christians; dissipating all due composure and 
recollection of mind, and laying open the heart to 
all the wild extravagances of frantick enthusiasm. 
Coventry. 

MYTHICAL*, nuW-e-kal. )a. [uv6ikos.] Fabulous. 

MY'THICK*, nM'-ik. ^ Shuckford. 

MYTHO'GRAPHER* ml-tf dg'-gra-i'fir. n. s. [^dos 
and ypddw.] A writer of fables. Warton. 

MYTHOLOGICAL, mi*7i-6-l6d'-je-kaI, ) a. Relat- 

MYTHOLO'GICK*, nM-i-lod'-jik. 5 ing to 
the explication of fabulous history. Brown. 

MYTHOLOG1CALLY, mi^-<Vl6d'-je-kal-le. 187 
ad. In a manner suitable to the system of fables. 
Shuckford. 

MYTHO'LOGIST, me-tfiol'-^-jfst. 187. n. s. A re- 
later or expositor of the ancient fables of the hea 
thens. Creech. 

To MYTHO'LOGIZE, me-*/*6l / -l6-jlze. v. n. To 
relate or explain the fabulous history of the hea 
thens. 

MYTHO'LOGY§, me-Z/tol'-lo-je. 187, 518. n. s. 
[uvOos and \6yo$.] System of fables ; explication 
of the fabulous history of the gods of the heathens. 
Bentley. 



NAC 



NAG 



N 



A semivowel, has, in English, an invariable 
* sound ; as, no, name,net : it is sometimes, af- 
ter m, almost lost ; as condemn, contemn. 408. 

To NAB, nab. v. a. [nappa, Swed.] To catch unex- 
pectedly. Duke of Wharton. 

NAB*, nab. n. s. The summit of a rock or mountain. 
Grose. 

NAROB*, [na'-b&b, Ash, Todd,Rees, and Webster; 
na-b&b', Sheridan.] n. s. The title of an Indian 
prince. Burke. 

NACHE*. See Natch. 



NA'CKER, or N A'KER, nak'-kSr. n. s. [nacre, Fr.] 
A shell that contained a pearl. 

NA'CKER*, nak'-kur. n. s. A collar-maker; a har- 
ness-maker. Lemon. 

NA'DIR, na'-dur. 418. n. s. [Arabick.] The 
point under foot directly opposite to the zenith. 
Creech. 

NiEVE*, neve. n. s. [neve, Fr. ; noevus, Lat.] A spot 
Dryden. 

NAFF, naf. n. s. A kind of tufted sea-bird. 

NAG, nag. n. s. \negge, Belg.] A small horse. A 
624 



NAP 



NAS 



— n6, mftve, nor, not ;— tube, t&b, bull ; — 6ll ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



A nail-maker. 

s. A manulactory ibr 

. s. [Fr.] Simplicity ; 

o. a. [benacan, Sax.] To 
make naked ; to expose. 



horse, in familiar language. Prior. A paramour : 
in contempt. Shakspeare. 

NAIAD*,na'-yad. «. s. [Naiade, Fr.; Nonas. Lat.] 
A water-nymph. Shatcspeare. 

NAIL $, nale. 202. n.s. [na^l, Sax.] The hard crust 
or hornv substance at the ends of the fingers and 
toes. Ray. The talons of birds; the claws or 
paws of beasts. A spike of metal, by which things 
are fastened together. Bacon. A stud; a boss. 
Sicift. A measure of length; two inches and a 
quarter. — On the nail. Readily ; immediately ; 
without delav. Swift. 

To NAIL, nale. v. a. [median, Sax.] To fasten 
with nails. Donne. To stud with nails. Fan- 
shawe. 

NAILER, na'-lfir. 98. n. 

NAILERY*, na'-l5r-e. 
nails. Pennant. 

NAIVETE*, na'-ev-ta 
ingenuousness. Gray. 

To NAKE*. nake. 

To NA'KEN*. na'-kn. 
Tounieur. Oh. T. 

NA'KED $, na'-kid. 99. a. [nacob, from na-cenneb, 
Sax.] Wanting clothes ; uncovered; bare. Bacon. 
Unarmed; defenceless; unprovided. Shak. Plain; 
evident ; not hidden. Shak. Mere ; bare ; sim- 
ple ; abstracted. Hooker. 

NAKEDLY, na'-kld-Je. ad. Without covering. 
Burke. Simply ; merely. Holder. Discoverably; 
evidently. Daniel. 

NAKEDNESS, na'-k?d-nes. n. s. [nacebnyrje., 
Sax.] Nudity; want of covering. Milton. Want 
of provision for defence. Genesis, xlii. Plainness; 
evidence ; want of concealment. Sfiaksyeare. 

NALL, nail. n. s. An awl. Tusser. 

NA'MBYPAMBY*, nam'-be-pam'-be. a. Having 
little, affected prettiness. Ash. 

NAME §, name. n. s. [nama, Sax. ; naem, Dutch.] 
The discriminative appellation of an individual. 
Gen. xxvi. The term by which any kind or spe- 
cies is distinguished. Locke. Person. Drijden. 
Repu'.ation ; character. Clarendon. Renown ; 
fame ; celebrity. Bacon. Power delegated ; im- 
puted character. Shak. Fictitious imputation. 
Dryden. Appearance ; not reality ; assumed 
character. ShaJc. An opprobrious appellation. 
Granville. 

To NAME, name, v. a. [naman, Sax.] To discrimi- 
nate by a particular appellation imposed. Shak. 
To mention by name. Ecclus. xxiii. To specify; 
to nominate. 1 6fern»."xxviii. To utter; to men- 
tion. Gen. xlviii. To entitle. Milton. 

NAMELESS. nameMes. a. [nameleap, Sax.] Not 
distinguished by any discriminative appellation. 
Denlmm. One of which the name is not known or 
mentioned. Atterbury. 

NA'MELY, name'-le. ad. Particularly ; specially ; to 
mention by name. Hooker. 

NA'MER, na'-m5r. 98. n. s. One who calls or knows 
any by name. Sherwood. 

NA'RIESAKE, name'-sake. n.s. One that has the 
same name with another. Brown. 

NANKI'N*, or NANKE'EN*, nan-keen', n. s. A 
kind of light cotton, first manufactured at Nanking,. 
in China. 

i*AP §, nap. n. s. [hnappian,Sax.] Slumber ; a short 
sleep. Sidney, [hnoppa, Sax.] Down ; villous 
substance. Bacon, [ccsep, Sax.] A knop ; a pro- 
tuberance ; the top of a bill. Carew. 

To NAP, nap. v. n. To sleep ; to be drowsy or se- 
cure. Wicliffe. 

NA'PTAKING, nap'-ta-klng. n.s. Surprise; sei- 
zure on a sudden. Carew. 

NAPE§, nipe. n. s. [cnsep, Sax.] The joint of the 
neck behind. Bacon. 

NA'PERY, na'-p&r-e. n. s. [naperia, Ital.] Linen for 
the table ; linen in general. Skellon. 

NA'PHEW, na'-fu. n.s. [napus, Lat.] An herb. 

NAPHTHA, nap'-*/ia. 92. [See Ophthalmy.J n.s. 
[naphtha, Lat.] A pure, clear, and thin mineral 
fluid, of a very pale yellow, of a sharp and un- 
79 



pleasing taste, and of a brisk and penetrating 

smell, mi. 
NATP1NESS, nap'-pe-nes. n.s. The quality of 

ha\ ing a nap. 
NA'PKIN, nap'-km. n. s. [a corruption of the Lat 

mappa.] A cloth used at table to wipe the hands 

Brown. A handkerchief. Shakspeare. 
NA'PLESS, nap'-les. a. Wanting nap ; threadbare. 

Shakspeare. 



NA'PPY, nap'-pe. a. [nappe, Sax.] An old epithet 
to ale. Gay. Hi 
gruve. 



applied to ale. Gay. Hairy ; full of down. Cot- 



NAR*, nir. a. Old compar. of near. Spenser. Ob. T. 

NARCISSUS, nar-sis'-sfis. 81. n.s. [Lat.] A daf- 
fodil. Thomson. 

NARCO'SIS*,mr-k6'-sh. n.s. [vapKuxrij.] Stupe- 
faction ; privation of sense. 

NARCOTICAL*, nar-kdt'-e-kal. ) a. [vapxdu, Gr. ; 

NARCO'TICK, nar-kot'-llk. o09. ] narcotique,¥v.] 
Producing torpor, or stupefaction. Quincy. 

NARCO T1CALLY*, nar-kot'-e-kal-le. ad. By pro- 
ducing torpor. Wliillock. 

NARCO'TICK*, nar-k&t'-tik. n.s. A drug producing 
sleep. Chaucer. 

NARCO'TICKNESS*, nar-kot'-tlk-nes. n. s. The 
quality which takes away the sense of pain. Scott. 

NARD, nard. n. s. [vdp<5oj.] Spikenard ; a kind of 
ointment. Milton. An odorous shrub. B. Jonson. 

NARE, nare. n.s. [nai-is, Lat.] A nostril. Hudibras. 

NA'RRABLE, nar'-ra-bl. 81, 405. a. [narro, Lat.] 
Capable to be told or related. Cockeram. 

To NA'RRATE, nar'-rate. 91. v. a. To relate; to 
tell. 

NARRATIONS, nar-ra'-shQn. n.s. [narratio, Lat.] 
Account ; relation ; history. Abbot. 

NA'RRATIVE, nar'-ra-tlv. 512. a. [narr atif \ Fr.] 
Relating ; giving an account. Ayliffe. Storytel- 
ling; apt to relate things past. Dryden. 

NA'RRATIVE, nar'-ra-tlv. n. s. A relation ; an ac 
count ; a story. South. 

NA'RRATrv 7 ELY, nar'-ra-tlv-le. ad. By way of re- 
lation. Ayliffe. 

NAPwRA'TOR, nar-ra'-tur. 166. n. s. A teller) a re- 
later. MowUagu. 

NA'RRATORY*, nar'-ra-tfir-e. a. Giving a relation 
of things. Howell. 

To NA'RRIFYt, nar'-re-fl. v. a. To relate ; to give 
account of. 

NARROW \, nar'-r6. 327. a. [nappe, Sax.] Not 
broad or wide. Shale. Small ; of no great extent. 
Brown. Covetous; avaricious. Sidney. Contract- 
ed ; ungenerous. B. Jonson. Near ; within a small 
distance. Dryden. Close; vigilant; attentive. Mil 
ton. 

To NA'RROW, nar'-r6. v. a. [neappian, Sax.] To 
diminish with respect to breadth. 1 Kings, vi. To 
contract; to impair in dignity. Locke. To contract 
in sentiment. Government of the Tongue. To con- 
fine; to limit. Wuterlund. [In farriery.] Ahorse 
is said to narrow, when he does not take ground 
enough. Farner's Did. 

NA'RROWLY.. nar'-r6-le. ad. With little breadth 
or wideness. Contractedly ; without extent. Swift. 
Closely; vigilantly. Shak. Nearly; within a little. 
Swift. Avariciously; sparingly. 

NA'RROWNESS,nar'-r6-nes. n.s. W r ant of breadth 
or wideness. Burton. Want of extent; want of 
comprehension. Locke. Confined state ; contract- 
edness. G/anville. Want of capacity. Howell. 
Meanness ; poverty, [neapaneppe, Sax.] South. 

NA'RWHALE, nac'-hwale. n. s. A species of whale. 
Brown. 

NAS. lias not. Spenser. Ob. J. 

NA'SAL, na'-zal. 88. a. r nasus, Lat.] Belonging to 
the nose. Holder. 

NASAL*, na'-zal. n.s. A medicine operating through 
the nose. Burton. One of the letters spoken as 
through the nose. Holder. 

NA'SCAL*, nas'-kal. n. s. [nascale, low Lat.] A 
kind of medicated pessary. Ferrand. 

NA'SCENT*, nas'-sent. a. [nascens, Lat.] Growing J 
increasing. Bp. Berkeley. 



*m 





NAT NAU 


\TT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, m^t;— pine, pin;— 



NA'SICORNOUS, na'-ze-kcir-nt.s. a. [nasns and 

cornu.] Having- the horn on the nose. Brown. 
NA'STYS, naV-le. 79. a. Imtss, Germ.] Dirty; filthy; 

sordid ; nauseous. Atterbunj. Obscene ; lewd. 
NASTILY, naV-te-le. ad. Dirtily; filthily; nause- 
ously. Bacon. Obscenely ; grossly. 
NA'STINESS, nas'-te-nes. n. s. Dirt; filth. Hay- 
ward. Obscenity ; grossness of ideas. South. 
NATAL $, na'-tal. 88. a. [Fr.; ruiialis, Lat.] Na- 
tive ; relating to nativity. Camden. 
NATALITIAL* na-ta-llsh'-al. a. \natalitius, Lat.] 
Given at the day of one's nativity ; consecrated to 
the nativity of a person. Evelyn. 

NATALS*, na'-lalz. n. s. pi. Time and place of na- 
tivity. Fitz-gefh/. Ob. T. 

NATATION $, na-uV-shun. n. s. [naiatio. Lat.] The 
act of swimming. Brown. 

NATATORY*, na'-ta-uVe. a. Enabling to swim. 
British Critick. 

NATCH*, nalsh. n. s. [corrupted perhaps from 
notch.] That part of the ox which lies near the tail 
or rump, between the two loins. Marsha!/. 

NATHLESS, nl'/iMes. ad. [na. Sax., that is, not the 
less.] Nevertheless. Spenser. Ob. J. 

NATHMORE, nlW-more. ad. [na the more.] Never 
the more. Spenser. Ob. J. 

NATION §, na/-shun. n. s. [Fr.; natio, Lat.] A 
people distinguished from another people. Raieigh. 
A jn-eat number : emphatically. Young. 

NATIONAL, nash'-un-al. 88, 535. a. [Fr.] Publick ; 
general ; not private ; not particular. Milton. Big- 
oted to one's own country. 

NATIONALITY*, nash-fin-al'-e-te. n. s. National 
character. Hacell. 

To NATION ALIZE*, nash'-fin-al-ize. r. a. To dis- 
tinguish nationally. 

NATIONALLY, nash'-un-al-le. ad. With regard 
to the nation. South. 

NATIONALNESS, ndsh'-un-al-ngs. n. s. Refer- 
ence to the people in general. 

NATIVE §, na'-tiv. a. [natives, Lat.] Produced by 
nature; not artificial. Spenser. Natural; such as is 
according to nature ; original. Swift. Conferred 
by birth. De.nlw.rn. Pertaining to the time or place 
of birth. Shak. Original; that which ga.'e being. 
Milton. Born with ; co-operating with ; congenial. 
Shakspeare. 

NATIVE, na'-tlv. 157. 77.5. One born in any place; 
original inhabitant. Bojcon. Offspring. Shak. 

NATIVELY*, na'-tiv-le. ad. Naturally ; not artifi- 
cially. Bp. Taylor. Originally. Lightfoot. 

NATIVENESS, na'-tlv-ngs. /;. s. Slate of being 
produced bv nature. 

NATFVITY'na-uV-ve-te.H.s. [nativite, Fr.] Birth; 
issue into life. Bacon. Time, place, or manner, of 
birth. Sliak. State or place of being produced. 
Milton. 

NATRON*, na'-trdn. n. s. A sort of black salt im- 
ported from Egypt. 

NATURAL §, nat'-tshu-ral. 461. a. [naturel, Fr.] 
Produced or effected by nature. Wilkins. Illegit- 
imate; not legal Temple. Bestowed by nature; 
not acquired. Swift. Not forced ; not farfetched ; 
dictated by nature. Wotion. Following the stated 
coarse of things. Law. Consonant to natural no- 
tions. Locke. Discoverable by reason ; not reveal- 
ed. Wilkins. Tender ; affectionate by nature. 
Sliak. Unaffected ; according to truth and reality. 
Addison. Opposed to xnolent : as, a natural death. 

NATURAL, nat'-tshu-ral. n.s. An idiot; a fool. 
Locke. Native; original inhabitant. Abbot. Gift 
of nature ; nature. B. Jonson. 

NATURALISM*, nat'-tshu-ral-izm. n.s. Mere state 
of nature. Bp. Lavington. 

NATURALIST, nat'-tsha-ral-fst. n. s. A student in 
physicks, or natural philosophy. More. 

NATURA LITY*, nat-tshu-rai'-e-te. n. s. Natural- 
ness. Smith. Ob. T. 

NATURALIZATION, nat-tshu-ral-e-za'-shun. n.s. 
The act of investing aliens with the privileges of 
native subjects. Bacon. 
To NATURALIZE, nat'-tshu-ral-lze. v. a. To 



adopkinto a community ; to invest with the privi- 
leges of native subjects. Davks. To make natu- 
ral ; to make easy like things natural. South. 

NATURALLY, nat'-tshu-ral-le. ad. According to 
the power or impulses of unassisted nature. Hooker. 
Without affectation. Drayton. Spontaneously ; 
without art. 

NATURALNESS, nat'-tshu-ral-n^s. n. s. The state 
of being given or produced by nature. South. Con- 
formity to truth and reality ; not affectation. Dryden. 

NATURE $, na'-tshure. £93. n. s. [natura, Lat.] An 
imaginary being supposed to preside over the ma- 
terial and animal world. Slunk. The native state 
or properties of any thing, by which it is discrimi- 
nated from others. Cowley. The constitution of an 
animated Body. Shak. Disposition of mind; tem- 
per. Shak. The regular course of things. Shak. 
The compass of natural existence. Glanville. The 
constitution and appearances of things. Reijnolds. 
Natural affection, or reverence. Fope. The state 
or operation of the material world. Pope. Sort ; 
species. Dryden. Sentiments or images adapted 
to nature, or conformable to truth and reality. Ad- 
dison. Physicks. Pope. 

§CF* There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word as if 
written na-ter, which cannot be too carefully avoided. 
Some criticks have contended, that it ought to he pro- 
nounced as if written nate-yure ; but this pronunciation 
comes so near to that here adopted, as scarcely to be 
distinguishable from it. T before 1/, which is the let- 
ter long u begins with, 8, approaches so near to sh, as, 
in the absence of accent, naturally to fall into it, in the 

. same manner as s becomes ih in leisure, pleasure, &c. 
The sibilation and aspiration of t, in this and similar 
words, provided they are not too coarsely pronounced, 
are so far from being a deformity in our language, by 
increasing the number of hissing sounds, as some have 
insinuated, that they are a real beauty ; and, by a cer- 
tain coalescence and flow of sound, contribute greatly 
to the smoothness and volubility of pronunciation. — 
See Principles, No. 459, 460, 461, &c. W. 

To NATURE*, na'-tshure. v.a. To endow with nat- 
ural qualities. Goiver. Not used, except the partici- 
ple in compounds, as good-natured, \W-naiuied, &c. 

NATU'RITY, na-uV-re-te. n. s. The state of being 
produced by nature. Broxvn. Ob. J. 

NAU'FRAGE*, naw'-fraje. n.s. [rmufragium, Lat.] 
Shipwreck. Bacon. 

NAU'FRAGOUS*, naw'-fra-gfis. a. Causing ship- 
wreck. Bp. Taylor. 

NAUGHTS, nawt. 213, 393. a. [nahfc, naphiht, 
Sax.] Bad ; corrupt; worthless. Hooker. 

NAUGHT, nawt. n.s. Nothing; commonly, though 
improperly, written nought. Shakspeare. 

N AU'GHTILY, nlw'-te-le. ad. Wickedly ; corruptly. 

NAU'GHTINESS, naw'-te-neY n. s. Wickedness ; 
badness. Sidney. 

NAU'GHTLY*, nawt'-le. ad. Badly; corruptly. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

NAU'GHTY, naw'-te. a. Bad ; wicked ; corrupt. 
Sidney. It is now seldom used but in ludicrous 
censure. Dryden. 

NAU'LAGE, naw'-laje. v. s. [Fr.; from naulum, 
Lat.J The freight of passengers in a ship. 

NAU'MACHY, naw'-ma-ke. 353. n. s. [naumachia, 
Lat.] A mock sea fight. Lorelace. 

NA U'SEA*, naw'-she-a. n. s. [Lat.] Sea-sickness ; 
any sickness. Dodsley. 

To NAU'SEATE§, naw'-she-ate. 450, 542. v. n. 
[imiseo , Lat.] To grow squeamish ; to turn away 
with disgust. Waits. 

To NAU'SEATE, naw'-she-ate. v. a. To loathe; to 
reject with disgust. Brown. To strike with dis- 
gust. Swift, 

NAU'SEOUS, naw'-shfls. 450. a. Loathsome; dis- 
gustful. Denham. 

NAUSEOUSLY, naw'-shus-le. ad. Loathsomely; 
disgust fully. Dryden. 

NAIPSEOUSNESS, naw'-shfls-ne's. n.s. Loath- 
someness ; quality of raising disgust. Dryden. 

NAUTICAL, naw'-te-kal. ; a. [lumticus, Lat.] Per- 

NAUTICK, naw'-tik. 213. $ taining to sailors. 
Camden. • 

626 



NEA 



NEC 



— n6, move, ner. not ;— tube, tftb, bull ;— fill ;— pound;— thin, -ruis. 



0A&TILUS,nkw'-ti\-& s , „. ,-. [Lat.] A-shett-fish 
furnished with something' analogous to oars and a 
sail. Pope. 

NA'VAL, na'-val. a. [Fr. ; namlis, Lat.] Consisting 

of ships. Walter. Belonging to ships. Temple. 
NA'VALS*, na'-valz. n.s. pi. Naval affairs. Lord 

Clarendon. 
N ANARCHY*, nav'-ar-ke. n.s. [navarchus, Lat.] 

Knowledge of managing ships. Str T-K Pe«y. 
NAVES, ii^ve. 7«. s. [nap, Sax.] The middle part 
of the wheel in which the axle moves. Shale, [from 
noma, nave, old Fr.] The middle part of the church 
distinct from the aisles or wings. Ayliffe. 
NA'VEL, na'-vl. 102. n. s. [napela, Sax.] The point 
in the middle of the belly, by which embryos com- 
municate with the parent. Brown. The'middle ; 
the interiour part. ShoA'speare. 
NA'VELGALL, na'-vl-gall. ?,. s. [In a horse.] A 
bruise on the top of the chine of the back, behind 
the saddle, right against the navel. 
NA'VELWORT,na'-vl-wfirt. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
NA'VEW, na'-vu. n.s. [naveau, Fr.] A plant. Miller. 
NAVICULAR, na-v'fV-ku-lar. a. [navicularis, Lat.] 
[In anatomy.] The third bone in each foot that lies 
between the astragalus and ossa cuneiforrnia. 
Diet. 
NAVIGABLE S.nav'-ve-ga-bl. a. [navigable, Fr.] 
Capable of being passed by ships or "boats. Ra- 
leigh. 
NAVIGABLENESS, nuv'-ve-ga-bl-nSs. n. s. Ca- 
pacity to be passed in vessels. 
To NA'VIGATE, naV-ve-g&te. v. n. [navigo, Lat.] 

To sail; to pass by water. Arbuthnoi. 
To NAVIGATE, nav'-ve-gate. v. a, To pass by 

ships or boats. Arbuthnot. 
NAVIGATION, nav-ve-ga'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The 
act or practice of passing by water. Bacon. Ves- 
sels of navigation. Shakspeare. 
NA'VIGATOR, naV-ve-ga-t&r. 521. n.s. Sailor 5 

seaman , traveller by water. Brerewoed. 
NA'VY, na'-ve. n. s. [navis, Lat.] An assemblage of 

ships ; a fleet. Sha/csveare. 
NAWL*, nawl. n.s. An awl. See Nall. 
NAY §, nk. ad. [na, Sax. ; or neaye.~\ No; an adverb 
of negation. Denlxam. Not only so, but more. B. 
Jonson. Word of refusal. Acts, xvi. 
NAY*, na. n. s. Denial ; refusal. Radclijfe. 
To NAY*, na. v. a. To refuse. Holinshed. Ob. T. 
NA'YWARD*, na'-ward. n. s. Tendency to denial. 

Shakspeare. 
NA'YWORD, na'-wurd. n. s. A proverbial reproach; 

a by-word. Shafc. A watch word. Shakspeare. 
NAZARE'NE*, naz-a-renp'. n. s. One of Nazareth. 
St. Mattliew, ii. One of the early Christian con- 
verts, so denominated, from their faith in Jesus of 
Nazareth, both by Jew and Gentile. Acts, xxiv. 
NA'ZARITE* naz'4-rhe. n. s. [nazar, Heb.] One 
separated from others by a profession of some ex- 
traordinary and special acts of religion. Num. vi. 
NE, ne. ad. [Sax.] Neither. Spenser. Not. Spenser. 
NEAF, nefe. 227. n. s. [neji, Icel.] A fist. Shale. 
To NEAL$, nele. 227. v. a. [anaelan, Sax.] To tem- 
per by a gradual and regulated heat. Dighy. 
To NEAL, nele. »\n. To be tempered in fire. Bacon. 
NEAPS*, nepe. 227. n. s. [nep-plob, Sax.] Low 

tide. Hakewill. 
NEAP, nepe. a. Low; decrescent. Bp. Hall. 
NE'APED*, ne'-peM, or nept. a. Wanting sufficient 
depth of water : spoken of ships. The same as be- 
neaped. 
NEAPOLITAN*, ne-a-poF-e-tan. n. s. A native of 

the kingdom of Naples. Sliakspeare. 
NEAPOLITAN*, ne-a-pol'-e-tan. a. Belonging to 

Naples. Addison. 
NEAR $, nere. 227. prq>. [nep, Sax.] At no great 

distance from ; close to ; nigh. Shakspeare. 
NEAR, nere. ad. Almost. Drayton. At hand; not 
far off. Jer. xii. Within a little. Bacon. By rela- 
tion or alliance. Shakspeare. 
NEAR, nere. a. Not distant. Gen. six. Advanced 
towards the end of an enterprise or disquisition. 
Hooker. Direct ; straight. Mi/ton. Close , not 



rambling. Dryden. Closely related. Lev. xviii 
Intimate; familiar ; admitted to confidence. Shak. 
Touching ; pressing' ; affecting ; dear. Locke. Par 
simonious ; inclining to covetousness. 
NEAR Hand. Closer*-. Bacon. 
To NEAR*, nere. v. a. \naederen, Teut.] To ap- 
proach ; to be near to Heijwood. 
To NEAR*, nere. v. n. To draw near: a naval ex- 
pression. 
NEA'RLY, nere'-le. ad. At no great distance. At- 
terbury. Closely; pressingly. Milton. In a nig- 
gardlv manner. 
NEA'R'NESS, nere'-n£s. n. s. Closeness ; not re- 
moteness. Hooker. Alliance of blood or affection. 
Bacon. Tendency to avarice; caution of expense. 
Bacon. 
NEAT s, nete. 227. n. s. [neat, Sax.] Black cattle ; 
oxen. Shale. A single cow or ox. Tusser. 

NEAT§, nete. a. [net, Fr.] Elegant, but without dig- 
nity. Pope. Cleanly. Milion. Pure; unadulte- 
rated ; unmingled. Chapman. 

NEA'THERD, nete'-herd. n. s. [neathyjib. Sax.] 
A cow-keeper ; one who has the care 01 black cat- 
tle. Tusser. 

NEA'TLY, nele'-le. ad. Elegantly, but without dig- 
nity. Shak. Cleanlily. Bp. Berkeley. 

NEA'TNESS, nele'-nes. n. 's. Spruceness ; elegance 
without dignity. Hooker. Cleanliness. Bacon. 

NEA'TRESS*, ne'-trgs. n. s. She who takes care 
of cattle. Warner. 

NEB, neb. n.s. [nebbe, Sax.] Nose; beak; mouth. 
Bacon. In Scotland, the bill of a bird. 

NE'B ULA, neb'-bu-la. 92. n. s. [Lat.] It is applied 
to appearances like a cloud in the human body ; 
as. also, to films upon the eyes. 

NEBULOUS, neb'-bu-lus. a. [nehdosus, Lat.] Mis- 
ty ; cloud} 7 . 

NECESSARIAN* nes-ses-sa'-r^-an. n. s. One of 
those who are advocates for the doctrine of philo- 
sophical necessity. More properly necessitarian. 
Priestley. 

NECESSARIES, nes'-ses-ser-riz. 99. n.s. Things 
not only convenient but needful. Hammond. 

NECESSARILY, nes'-ses-ser-re-le. ad. Indispensa 
bly. Hooker. By inevitable consequence. Hooker 
By fate; not freelv. Pearson. 

NECESSARINESS, neV-ses-seV-re-nes. n. s. The 
state of being necessary. 

NECESSARY $, neV-ses-ser-re. a. [necessarius, 
Lat.] Needful ; indispensably requisite. Pearson. 
Not free ; fatal ; impelled by fate. Shakspeare. 
Conclusive ; decisive bv inevitable consequence 
While. 

NECESSARY* nfe'-seWr-re.. n. s. A privy 
Swinburne. 

To NECESSITATE, ne-seV-se-tate. v. a. To make 
necessary ; not to leave free ; to exempt from 
choice. Duppa. 

NECESSiTA'TION, ne-ses-se-uV-shun. n.s. The 
act of making necessary ; fatal compulsion. Bram- 
hall. 

NECE'SSITIED, ne-seV-se-fid. a. In a state of 



want. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
FCFASSITOUS. iie-seV-s 



NECESSITOUS, ue-ses'-se-tus. a. Pressed with 
poverty. Clarendon. 

NECE'SSITOUSNESS, ne-ses'-se-tfis-ngs. n. s 
Poverty ; want ; need. Burnet. 

NECE'SSITUDE, ne^eV-se-tude. n. s. 
LatJ Want; need. Hale. Friendship. 

NECESSITY, ne-seV-se-te. n. s. [necessitas, Lat.l 
Cogency ; compulsion ; fatality. Milton. State of 
being necessary ; indispensableness. Dryden 
Want ; need ; poverty. Shak. Things necessary 
for human life. Shak. Cogency of argument ; ine- 
vitable consequence. Raleigh. Violence ; compul 
sion. Chapman. 

NECK 6, nek. n. s. [hnecca, necca, Sax.] The part 
between the head and body. Brown. A long, nar- 
row part. Bacon. — On the: neck. Immediately af- 
ter. Perkins. To break the neck of an affair. To 
hinder any thing being done 3 pr, to do more than 
half. 

G27 



NEE 



NEG 



[LT559.— Fate, far, fill, fat 5— me, m&t;— pipe, pfa;— 



NE'CKATEE, nek'-a-te. > ». s. A gorget 3 

NE'CKERCHIEF, nek'-Cr-tsh?f. \ handkerchief 

for a woman's neck. 
NE'CKBEEF, nek'-beef. n. s. The coarse flesh of the 

neck of cattle. Swift. 
NE'CKCLOTH, n8k'-kl&di. n.s. That which men 

wear on their necks. Gay. 
NE'CKED*, nSk'-Sd, or nekt. a. Used in composi- 
tion, figuratively and literally : having a neck. 
Denham. 
NE'CKLACE, n£k ; -lase. n. s. [neck and lace.'] An 
ornamental string of beads or precious stones, worn 
by women on their necks. Arbuthnot. 
NE'CKLACED* nek'-laste. a. Marked as with a 

necklace. Sir W. Jones. 
NE'CKLAND* nek'-land. n. s. A long, narrow part 

of land. Hakewill. 
NECK- VERSE*, nSk'-v&se. n. s. The verse which 
was anciently read to entitle the party to benefit of 
clergy ; sr id to be the beginning of" the fifty-first 
Psalm, " Miserere mei," &c. Tmdal. 
NE'CKWEED, nek'-weed. n. s. [neck and weed.] 

Hemp : in ridicule. 
NECROLOGY* nek-roF-6-je. n. s. [viK 9 o S and 

Xoyos.l An account of persons deceased. 
NE'CROMANCER^. neV-kr6-man-sfir. n.s. [veicpbs 
and [lavrii.] One who by charms can converse with 
the ghosts of the dead ; a conjurer ; an enchanter. 
Dent, xviii. 
NE'CROMANCY, n§k'-kr6-man-se. 519. n.s. The 
art of revealing future events by communication 
with the dead. Brown. Enchantment; conjura- 
tion. Skelton. 
NECROMA'NTICAL*, nel-kro-man'-te-kal. ; 
NE'CROMANTICK^nek'-kro-man-tik. \ a - 
Belonging to necromancy ; performed by enchant- 
ment. Hammond. 
NECROMA'NTICALLY*, nek-kro-man'-te-kal-le. 

ad. By charms ; by conjuration. Gregory. 
NE'CROMANTICK*, nek'-kr6-man-tlk. n.s. Trick ; 

conjuration. Young. 
NECROSIS*, ne-kro'-sis. n. s. [vfcp W ««s.] A dis- 
ease of the bones. 
NE'CTAR§, nSk'-ifir. 88. n. s. [v«rap, Gr. 5 nectar, 
Lat. and Fr.] Pleasant liquor, said to be drank by 
the heathen deities : any pleasant liquor. Shak- 
speare. 
NECTA'REAL*, n£k-uV-re-al. )a. Sweet as nec- 
NECTA'REAN*, nek-la'-re-an. <, tar ; resembling 

nectar, Burton. 
NE'CTARED, nek'-uVd. 88. a. Tinged with nec- 
tar ; mingled with nectar. Milton. 
NECTA'REOUS, nek-ta'-re-us. a. Resembling nee- | 

tar ; sweet as nectar. Pope. 
NECTARINE, n&k'-ter-rfn. 150. a. [nectann, Fr.]\ 

Sweet as nectar. Milton. 
NE'CTARINE, nSk'-ter-rfa. 150. n.s. [Fr.] A fruit! 

of the plum kind. Miller. 
To NE'CT ARIZE*, nek'-ter-rke. v. a. To sweeten. 

Cockeram. Ob. T. 
NE'CTAROUS*, nek'-ter-r&s. a. Sweet as nectar. 

Milton. 
NEDDER*, ned'-dur. n. s. [nebbeji, Sax.] An ad- 
der. Chaucer. 
NEED §, need. 246. n.s. [neob, Sax.] Exigency; 
pressing difficulty ; necessity. Shale. Want ; dis- 
tressful poverty. Ecclus. iv. Want ; lack of any 
thing for use. Baker. 
To NEED, need. y. a. To want ; to lack ; to be in 

want of; to require. St. Matthew. 
To NEED, need. v. n. To be wanted; to be neces- 
sary. Spenser. To nave necessity of any thing ; to 
be in want of any thing. Locke. 
NEE'DER, need'-fir. 98. n. s. One that wants any 

thing. Slutkspeare. 
NEE'DFUL, need'-ful. a. Distressed; in want. 
Clmucer. Necessary ; indispensably requisite. 
Common Prayer. 
NEE'DFULLY, need'-f&l-le. ad. Necessarily. B. 

Jonson. 
NEE'DFULNESS, need'-ffil-nes, n. s. Necessity. 
NEE'DILY, need'-de-le. ad. In poverty poorly. 



NEE'DINESS, need'-de-nes. n. s. Want ; poverty. 
Bacon. 

NEE'DLE §, nee'-dl. 405. n. s. [netJml, Goth. ; nebl, 
Sax.] A small instrument pointed at one end to 
pierce cloth, and perforated at the other to receive 
the thread, used in sewing. Dryden. The small 
steel bar which, in the mariner's compass, stands 
regularly north and south. Cowley. 

NEE'DLE-FISH, nee'-dl-flsh. n.s. A kind of sea- 
fish. 

NEE'DLEFUL, nee'-dl-ffil. n.s. As much thread as 
is generally put at one time in the needle. 

NEE'DLER, nee'-dl-ur. ; n. s. He who 

NEE'DLE-MAKER, nee'-dl-ma-kur. X makes nee- 
dles. 

NEE'DLE-WORK, nee'-dl-wfirk. n.s. The busi- 
ness of a sempstress. Embroidery by the needle. 
Bacon. 

NEEDLESS, need' -les. a. Unnecessary ; not requi- 
site. Hooker. Not wanting. Sfiakspe-ire. 

NEEDLESSLY, need'-les-le. ad. Unnecessarily; 
without need. Holder. 

NEE'DLESSNESS, need'-lgs-nes. n. s. Unnecessa- 
riness. Locke. 

NEE'DMENT, need'-ment. n. s. Something necessa- 
ry. Spenser. 

NEEDS, needz. ad. [neber, Sax.] Necessarily ; by 
compulsion ; indispensably. Hooker. 

NEE'DY.nee'-de. a. Poor; necessitous; distressed 
by poverty. Spenser. 

NEEL*,neel. n. s. [nael, Icel. ; naael, Dan.] A nee- 
dle. Sliakspeare. 

NE'ER, nare. 97, 247. [for never.] Hudibras. 

To NEESE§, neeze. v. n. [nieren, Sax. ; niesen, 
Teut. ; from nsepe, the nose.] To sneeze ; to dis- 
charge flatulencies by the nose. 2 Ki?igs, iv. 

NEE'SEWORT*, neeze'-wurt. n. s. An herb. Sher 
wood. 

NEE'SING*, nee'-zlng. n. s. The act of sneezing. 
Job, xli. .« 

NEF, nef. n.s. [old Fr. ; from nave.] The body of a 
church ; the nave. Addison. 



NEFA'ND*, ne-fand'. )a. [nefandus, Lat.] 

NEFA'NDOUS*, ne-f an'-das. S Not to be named j 

[nefarius, Lat.] 



abominable. Sheldon. 

NEFA'RIOUSS, ne-fa'-re-us. 0. 
Wicked ; abominable. Ayliffe. 

NEFA'RIOUSLY*, ne-fiV-re-ls-le. ad. Abominably ; 
wickedly. Milton. 

NEGATION §, ne-ga/-shun. n. s. [negatio, Lat.] 
Denial : the contrary to affirmation. Rogers. De- 
scription by denial, or exclusion, or exception. 
Watts. Argument drawn from denial. Heylin. 

NEGATIVE, neg-ga-tlv. 157. a. [negatif, Fr. ; 
negoiivus. Lat.] Denying : contrary to affirmative. 
Shale. Implying only the absence of something ; 
not positive ; privative. South. Having the power 
to withhold, though not to compel. K. Charles. 

NE'GATIVE, neg'-ga-tiv. n. s. A proposition by 
which something is denied. Tillotson. A particle 
of denial : as, not. Cleaveland. 

To NE'GATIVE*, ngg'-ga-tlv. v. a. To dismiss by 
negation. Andrews. 

NE'GATIVELY, neg'-ga-tlv-le. ad. With denial ; in 
the form of denial ; not affirmatively. Boyle. In 
form of speech implying the absence of something. 
Hooker. 

NE'GATORY*, neg'-ga-tfir-e. a. [negaioire, Fr.] 
Belonging to negation. Cotgrave. 

ToNEGLE'CTS, neg-lekt'. v. a. [neglectus, Lat.l 
To omit by carelessness. Milton. To treat with 
scornful heedlessness. St. Matthew. To postpone. 
Shakspeare. 

NEGLE'CT, neg-lekt'. n. s. Instance of inattention. 
Careless treatment. Shale. Negligence; frequen- 
cy of neglect. Denham. State of being unregarded 
Prior. 

NEGLE'CTER, neg-l&U'-tur. 98. n. s. One who 
neglects. South. 

NEGLE'CTFUL, neg-lekf-f ul. a. Heedless ; care- 
less ; inattentive, Locke. Treating with indiffer- 
ence. Locke. 



NEI 



NES 



— n6, m6ve, nor, not;— tube, tftb, bull; — &ll;— pound;— //(in, THis. 



NEGLE'CTFULLY,neg-lekt'-f&|.le.ad. With heed- 
less inattention ; with careless indifference. Ob. J. 

NEGLE CTINGLY*. neg-lekt'-Iug-le. ad. Careless- 
ly ; inattentively. Shakspeare. 

NEGLEGTION; neg-lek'-shfln. n . s . The state of 



[Fr.] 



being negligent. Sna,~ r 

NEGLE'CTfr r E.neg-lek'-tiv. 512. u. Inattentive to ; 
regardless of. Bp. Hall. 

NEGLIGEE*, neg-le-jee'. n.s. [Fr.] A sort of 
fashionable gown, which the ladies continued to 
wear in the early part of the reign of George III. 
Goldsmith. 

NEGLIGENCES, neg'-le-jense. n. s. [negligence, 
Fr.] Habit of omitting by heedlessness, or of acting 
carelesslv. Spectator. Instance of neglect. Sha/c. 

NEGLIGENT, negMe-jent. a. [negligent., Fr.;neg- 
ligens, Lat.] Careless"; heedless^ habitually inat- 
tentive. 2 Chron. xxix. Careless of any particu- 
lar. Law. Scornfully regardless. Swift. 

NEGLIGENTLY, neg'-le-jent-le. ad. Carelessly; 
heedlessly ; without exactness. Bacon. With scorn- 
ful inattention. 

NEGOTIABLE*, ne-go'-she-a-bl. a. [negotiant, 
Lat.] Capable of being negotiated. 

NEGOTIANT*, ne-g<V-she-ant. n. s. A negotiator; 
one employed to treat with others. Raleigh. 

To NEGOTIATE §, ne-g6'-she-ate. 542. v. n. [ne- 
gocier, Fr.] To have intercourse of business ; to 
traffick ; to treat. Bacon. 

To NEGOTIATE, ne-gi'-she-ate. v. a. To man- 
age ; to conclude by treaty or agreement. Lord 
Chesterfield. 

NEGOTIATION, ne-eA-she-a'-shSn. n. 
Treaty of business. White. 

NEGOTIATOR, ne-go'-she-a-tfir. 521. n. s. [nego- 
ciateur, Fr.] One employed to treat with others. 
Swift. 

NEGRO, ne'-gr6. n. s. [Span.] A blackmoor. 
Brown. 

85= Some speakers, but those of the very lowest order, 
pronounce this word as if written ne-gur. W. 

NEGUS*, ne'-gfis. n.s. A mixture of wine, water, 
sugar, lemon, and nutmeg ; from the inventor, Col- 
onel Negus. Malon,e. 

NEIF,neef. n.s. [nen, Icel.] Fist. Shakspeare. 

To NEIGHS, na. 249. v. n. [hnae^an, Sax.] To ut- 
ter the voice of a horse or mare. Shakspeare. 

NEIGH, na. n.6. The voice of a horse. Shakspeare. 

NEIGHING*, na'-ing. n. s. The voice of a horse or 
mare. Jer. viii. 

NEI'GHBOUR$, na'-bflr. 249 n.s. [nehfleburi, 
nehbup, Sax.] One who lives near to another. 
Harte. One who lives in familiarity with another ; 
a word of civility. Shafc. Intimate ; confidant. 
Sliak. [In divinity.] One partaking of the same na- 
ture, and therefore entitled to good offices. Per- 
kins. 

§C?* For what I apprehend to be the genuine sound of the 
diphthong in the first syllable of this word, see Eight. 
W. 

NEIGHBOUR*, na'-bfir. a. Near to another ; ad- 
joining ; next. Jer. i. 

To NEIGHBOUR, na'-bfir. 249. r.a. To adjoin to; 
to confine on. Shakspeare. To acquaint with ; to 
make near to. Shakspeare. 

To NEIGHBOUR*, na'-bfir. v. n. To inhabit the 
vicinity. Daries. 

NEIGHBOURHOOD, na'-bOr-bud. n. s. Place ad- 
joining. Fell. State of being near each other. 
Swift. Those that live within reach of communi- 
cation. Harte. 

NEIGHBOURLINESS*, na'-bur-le-nes. n.s. State 
or quality of being neighbourly. Scott. 

NEIGHBOURLY, na'-bfir-le. 249. a. Becoming a 
neighhour; kind; civil. Shakspeare. 

NEIGHBOURLY, na'-bor-le. ad. Willi social civil- 
ity. Milton. 

NEIGHBOURSHIP*, na'-b5r-sh?p. n. s. Stale of 
being near each other. Miss Baillie. 

NEITHER §, ne'-THQr. 252. conjunct, [napSep, 
Sax.] Not either. A particle used in the first 
branch of a negative sentence, and answered by 



nor. 1 Kings, xxii. It is sometimes the second 
branch of a negative or prohibition to any sentence. 
Gen. iii. Sometimes at the end of a sentence it fol- 
lows as a negative. Bacon. 

NEITHER, ne'-THur. 98. pronoun. Not either; nor 
one nor other. Shaks]ieare. 

NEM-CON*, nem-kon. An abbreviation of the 
Latin nemine contradicente, no one opposing. 

NEMOROUS*, nem'-o-rSs. a. [nemorosiis, Lat.] 
Woodv. Evelyn. 

To NEMPNE*. v. a. [nemnan, Sax.] To name. 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

NE'NIA*, ne'-ne-a. n. s [Gr.] A funeral song ; an 
elegy. 

NE NUPHAR. neV-iVfar. n. s. Water lily, or water 
rose. 

NEOLOGICAL*, ne-6-l6d'-je-kal. a. [neologique, 
Fr.l Employing new words' or phrases. Ld. Ches- 
terfield. 

NEO'LOGY*, ne-oF-6-je. n.s. [neologie, Fr.; from 
the Greek veo$ and Xdyoj.] Invention or use of new 
words and phrases. Boothby. 

NEO'LOGISM, ne-ol'-o-ji'zm. n. s. [neologisme,Fr.~\ 
A new and quaint expression. 

NEGPHYTE$, ne'-6-f1te. 156. n.s. [neophyte, Fr. ; 
vedi and cpvu), Gr.] One regenerated; a convert. 
Bacon. 

NE OPHYTE*, ne'-6-flte. a. Newly entered into an 
employment. B. Jonson. 

NEOTF/RICKS, ne-o-teV-rrk. 509. n. s. [neotericus, 
Lat.] One of modern times. Burton. 

NEOTE'RICAL*, ne-6-ter'-re-kal. ) a. Modern; 

NEOTERICK*, ne-6-teV-rlk. \ novel; late. 

Bacori. 

NEP, nep. n. s. [nepela. Lat.] The herb catmint. Bp. 
Ball. 

NEPE'NTIIE, ne-pen'-tfie. n. s. [vti and irhdos.] A 
drug that drives away all pains. Milton. 

NEPHEW §, neV-vu. n. s. [nepos, Lat. ; neveu, Fr.] 
The son of a brother or sister. Dryden. The 
grandson. Hooker. Descendant, however distant. 
Spenser. 

NEPHRITIC AL* ne-ftfl'-te-kal. ) a. [veApmKos.l 

NEPHRIT1CK. rie-fril'-tlk. 509. \ Belonging to 
the organs of urine. Wolton. Troubled with the 
stone. Arbidhnot. Good against the stone. Wood- 
ward. 

NE'POTISM, nep'-6-Uzm. 503. [nep'-o-tfzm, Jones.} 
n. s. [nepotisme, Fr.] Fondness for nephews. Ad- 
dison. 

55= I have differed from all our orthoepists in the pro- 
nunciation of this word, by making the first syllable 
short ; not because this c is short in the Latin nepos, 
but because the antepenultimate accent of our own lan- 
guage, when not followed by a diphthong, naturally 
shortens the vowel it fails upon. 535. TV. 

NEREID*, ne'-re-Id. n. s. [Nereis, Lat.] A sea- 
nymph. Shakspeare. 

NERVE §, nerv. n. s. [nervus, Lat.] The organs of 
sensation passing from the brain to all parts of the 
body Qitincy. It is used by the poets for sinew 
or tendon. Chapman. Force ; strength. Abp. 
Sancroft. 

To NERVE*, nerv. v a. To strengthen. Aaron Hill. 

NE'RVELESS.nerv'-les. a. Without strength. Pope. 

NERVOUS, neV-vOs. 314. a. [nervosus, Lat.] Full 
of nerves. Barrow. Well strung; strong; vigor- 
ous. Waterhouse. Relating to the nerves. Harte. 
In medical cant : having weak or diseased nerves. 
Cheijnc 

NE'RVOUSLY*, ner'-viVle. ad. With strength; 
with force. Warton. 

NE'RVOLSNESS*, ner-vfis-nes. n. s. Vigour; 
strength. Dr. Warton 

NE'RVY, ner'-ve. a. Strong ; vigorous. Shakspeare. 

NE'SCIENCE, nesh'-e-ense. 530. n. s. [nescio, Lat.] 
Ignorance; the state of not knowing. Bp. Hall. 

NESH, nesh. a. [nerc, Sax.] Soft ; tender ; easily 
hurt. Clmucer. 

NESS. A termination added to an adjective to 
change it into a substantive, denoting state or qual- 
ity ; as, poisonous, poisonousness ; turbid, turbid- 



NEU 



NIB 



(D* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fit j— me, met ;— pine, p!n ;— 



ness ; lovely, loveliness; from nippe, Sax. The 
termination of many names of places where there 
is a headland or promontory 5 from nepe, Sax. a 
nose of land, or headland. 
2VEST$, nest, n. s. [nerfc, Sax.] The bed formed by 
the bird for incubation and feeding her young. 
JDeut. xxii. Any place where animals are produc- 
ed. Bentky. An abode} place of residence. Spen- 
ser. A waim, close habitation. Spenser. Boxes 
or drawers ; little pockets or repositories. 
To NEST, nest, v. n. To build nests. Harmar. 
JME'STEGG, nest'-eg. n. s. An egg left in the nest to 

keep the hen from forsaking it. Hudibras. 
2'oNE'STLE, neV-sl. 472. v.n. [nerfcUari, Sax.] 
To settle ; to harbour ; to lie close and snug, as a 
bird hi her nest. Bacon. 
To NE'STLE, nes'-sl. 359. v. a. To house, as in a 
nest. Donne. To cherish, as a bird her young. 
Chapman. 
NE'STLING, nest'-llng. n. s. [neyt\m$, Sax.] A 
young bird in the nest. Bp. Hall. A receptacle ; 
a nest. Bacon. 
NESTLING*, nest'-ling. a. Newly hatched ; new- 
ly deposited in the nest. Barrington. 
NESTO'RIAN*, lies-to'-re-an. n. s. One of the fol- 
lowers of Nestorius, whose heresy was founded in 
the fifth century, and who believed that Christ was 
divided into two persons. Hooker. 
NET §, net. n.s. [nati, Goth, net, Sax.] A texture 
woven with large interstices or meshes. Bp. Tay- 
lor. Any thing made with interstitial vacuities. 1 
Kings, vii. 
To NET* net. v.n. To knit a net; to knot. A. 

Seward. 
NET§*,net.a. [Fr.; netio, Ital.] Pure; clear; genuine. 
Spenser. Clear; denoting the total of a receipt of 
salary or income, after certain deductions. Boling- 
broke. Clear; denoting the weight of any com- 
modity, after allowances have been made lor tare 
and tret. 
To NET*-, net. v. a. To bring as clear produce. 
NETHER MeTH'-fir. 98. a. [neo8eji, Sax. ; neder, 
Dutch.] Lower ; not upper. Devi. xxiv. Being in 
a lower place. Milton. Infernal ; belonging to the 
regions below. Dryden. 
NETHERMOST, neTH'-fir-mdst. a. [super!, of 

nether.] Lowest. Psalm lxxxvi. 
NETTING, neV-tlng. n.s. A reticulated piece of 

work. 
NETTLES, neV-tl. 405. n.s. [nefcel, Sax.] A sting- 
ing herb, well known. Shakspeare. 
To NETTLE, neV-tl. v. a. To sting; to irritate; to 

provoke. Bent/ey. 
NETTLER* neV-tl-ur. n. s. One who provokes ; 

that which stings or irritates. Milton. 
NETWORK, ueV-wfirk. n.s. [net and work.'] Any 
thing reticulated or decussated, at equal distances, 
with interstices between the intersections. Spen- 
ser. 
NEU'ROLOGY, mWol'-lo-je. 518. n. s. [vcvpov and 

Aoyoj.l A description of the nerves. 
NEU ROSPAST*, mV-ro-spast. ;?.. s. [vevpoanauriw.] 

A puppet ; a figure put in motion. More. 
NECROTOMY, nu-rot'-t6-me. 518. n. s. [vsvpov and | 

riuvo).] The anatomy of the nerves. 
NEUTER §, nd'-tar. 98, 264. a. [Lat.] Indifferent; 
not engaged on either side. Addison. [In gram- 
mar.] A noun that implies no sex. Dryden. 
NEUTER, niV-tur. n. s. One indifferent and unen- 
gaged. Bp. Ball. 
NEUTRAL, nu'-tral. a. [Fr.] Indifferent; not en- 
gaged on either side. Bacon. Neither good nor 
bad. Dames. Neither acid nor alkaline : applied 
to salt. Arbuthnot. 
NEUTRAL, nu'-tral. n.s. One who does not act 

nor engage on either side. Bacon. 
NEUTRALIST*, nu'-tral-lst. n. s. An indifferent or 
careless being ; one who is on neither side. Bul- 
bkar. 
NEUTRALITY, nu-tral'-e-te. n.s. [neutrality Fr.] 
A state of indifference ; of neither friendship nor 
hostility. Wotton. A state between good and evil. 



Donne. The state of being of the neuter gender 
Pearson. 
To NEUTRALIZE*, mV-tral-lze. v. a. To render 
indifferent ; to engage on neither side. [In agri- 
culture.] To make neutral Kirwan. 
NEUTRALLY, nu'-tral-e. ad. Indifferently; on 

neither part. 
NE'VERfc, nev'-fir. 98. ad. [ne ever, naep-pe, Sax.] 
At no time. Cowley. In no degree. South. H 
seems, in some phrases, to have the sense of an ad 
jective. Not any ; but in reality it is not ever. St 
Matt, xxvii. It is much used in composition : as. 
7<ere?'-ending, having no end. Raleigh. 
NEVERTHELESS, nev-ur-THe-les 7 . ad. Notwith 

standing that. Hooker. 
NEW§, nu. 265. a. [neop, Sax.; newyd, Welsh; 
neu, Germ.; neuf, Fr.] Not old ; fresh; novel. 
Chaucer. Not being before. Burnet. Modern; 
of the present time. Temple. Different from 
the former. Common Praijer. Not antiquated ; 
having the effect of novelty. Pope. Not habitu 
ated ; not familiar. Hooker. Renovated ; repaired^ 
so as to recover the first state. Bacon. Fresh aftei 
any thing. Dryden. Not of ancient extraction 
Ad&isoh. 
NEW, nu. ad. This is only used in composition for 

neivly, as new-bom, &c. 
To NEW*, nu. v. a. [neopian, Sax.] To make new; 

to renew. Gower. Ob. T. 
NE'WEL, nu'-ll. n. s. The compass round which the 
staircase is carried. Bacon. A new thing; novel- 
ty. Spenser. 
NEWFA'NGLE*, nu-fang'-gl. a. Desirous of new 

things. Chaucer. 
To NEWFA'NGLE*, nu-fang'-gl. v. a. To change 

by introducing novelties. Milton. 
NEWFANGLED, nu-fang'-gl'd. 359. a. Formed 

with \ain or foolish love of novelty. Sluxkspeare. 
NEWFA'NGLEDNESS, nu-fang'-gl'd-nes. ) 
NEWFA'NGLENESS, nu-fang'-gl-nes. \ n ' s 

Vain and foolish love of novelty. Sidney. 
NE'WING, nu'-'ing. n. s. Yest or barm. 
NE'WISH*, niV-lsh. a. As if lately made. Bacon. 
NE'WLY, mY-le. ad. [niphce. Sax.] Freshly ; late 
ly. Siwtk. In a manner different from the former 
Spenser. In a manner not existing before. 
NE'WNESS,niV-i:es. n.s. [nipnypre, Sax.] Fresh- 
ness ; lateness ; recentness ; state of being lately 
produced. Raleigh. Novelty; unacquaintance. B. 
Jonson. Something lately produced. Dryden. In- 
novation ; late change. Shak. Want of practice. 
Sidney. Difference from the former manner. 
Rom. vi. 
NEWS §, nuze. n. s. [without the singular, unless it 
be considered as singular]. Fresh account of any 
thing. Sidney. Something not heard before. 
L' Estrange. Papers which give an account of the 
transactions of the present times. Addison. 
NEWS-MONGER, nuze'-mung-gur. n.s. One that 
deals in news ; one whose employment it is to hear 
and to tell news. Shakspeare. 
NE'WSPAPER*. See die last sense of News. 
NEWT, imte. n, s. [epece, Sax.] Eft ; small lizard : 

they are harmless. Shakspeare. 
NEW-YEAR'S-GIFT, nu'-yerz-glft. n.s. Present 

made on the first day of the year. Shakspeare. 
NE'XIBLE*, neks'-e-bl. a. [nexibilis, Lat.] That 

mav be knit together. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
NEX'T$, nekst. a. [next, Sax.] Nearest in place. 
Bacon. Nearest in time. Gay. Nearest in any 
gradation. Clarendon. 
NEXT, n^kst. oil. At the time or turn immediately 

succeeding. Addison. 
NI'AS,nl'-us. n. s. A young hawk ; an eyas. B. Jons. 
NIB$, nib. n. s. [neb. Sax.] The bill or neck of a 
bird. The point of any thing, generally of a pen. 
Derham. 
NPBBED, nibb'd. 359. a. Having a nib. 
To NI'BBLE§, nlb'-bl. 405. v. a. [from nib, the 
beak or mouth.] To bite by little at a time ; to eat 
slowly. Shak. To bite as a fish does the bait 
Gay. 

630 



NIC 



NIG 



— n6, move, nflr, n<St ; — tftbe, tub, bull; — 611 5— pSfind;— </iin, Tuis 



To NIBBLE, nib'-bl. v.n. To bite at. Shak. To 
carp at ; to find fault with. Tilloison. 

NPBBLE* nib'-bl. n.s. A word used by anglers, 
denoting- the act of the fish trying the bait, as it 
were ; not immediately swallowing 1 it. 

NFBBLER, nib -bl-fir. 98. n.s. One that bites by lit- 
tle at a time. Shak. A carper. Warburton. 

NICE$. nlse. a. [nefc, Sax.] Accurate in judge- 
ment to minute exactness ; superfluously exact. It 
is often used to express a culpable delicacy. Sid- 
ney. Delicate 5 scrupulously and minutely cau- 
tious. Donne. Fastidious ; squeamish. 'Milton. 
Easily injured; delicate. Roscommon. Formed 
with minute exactness. Addison. Requiring scru- 

Sulous exactness. Newton. Refined. Milton. Tri- 
ing; toying; wanton. Shak. Foolish; weak; 
effeminate. Gower. Trivial ; unimportant. Shak. 
Delicious. Barret. Handsome ; pleasing. — To 
make nice. To be scrupulous. Sha/cspeare. 

Nl'CELY, nlse'-le. ad. Accurately ; minutely ; scru- 
pulously. Shakspeare. Delicately. After bury. 

NFCENE Creed*, ni'-seen-kreed. The creed drawn 
up, for the most part, by the first general council 
ot Nice in the year 325 ; enlarged in the year 381. 
Hooker. 

NFCENESS, nlse'-nes. n.s. Accuracy; minute ex- 
actness. Dryden. Superfluous delicacy or exact- 
ness. Sidney. 

NFCETY. nr'-se-te. n.s. Minute accuracy of thought. 
Prior. Accurate performance, or observance. 
Addison. Fastidious delicacy ; squeamishness. 
Spenser. Minute observation ; punctilious dis- 
crimination ; subtilty. Locke. Delicate manage- 
ment ; cautious treatment. Swift. Effeminate 
softness. Niceties, in the plural, is generally ap- 
plied to dainties or delicacies in eating. 

#3= In this word of our own composition from nice, we , 
have unaccountably run into the pronunciation of the 
mute e. This word we always hear pronounced in 
three syllables, though safety, ninety, and sitretv, are I 
ever heard in two. This is a proof how much inere j 
similitude of sound often operates in fixing pronuncia-i 
tion ; the termination ty being almost always preceded 
by e or z in words of Latin or French formation, where j 
these vowels form a distinct syllable ; as, variety, gay- j 
ety, anxiety, society. &c. Words of mere English for- 
mation, that approach to them, are thus carried into the 
same pronunciation by bare likeness of sound only. W. 

NFCHAR, ni'-kar. n.s. A plant. Miller. 

NICHE, nltsh. 352. n. s. [Fr.] A hollow in which a 
statue may be placed. Wotton. 

NICK$, n'ik. 72. s. [nicke. Teut.] Exact point of lime 
at which there is necessity or convenience. Howell. 
A notch cut in an}' thing. Fotherby. A score; a 
reckoning. Shak. [niche, Fr.] A winning throw. 
Prior. 

NICK*, nlk. n.s. An evil spirit of the waters, in the 
northern mythology of elder times ; and, in later, 
transferred to the devil himself, by the English, 
with the addition of old. Dr. Grey. 

To NICK, nlk. v. a. To hit ; to touch luckily ; to per- 
form by some slight artifice used at the lucky mo- 
ment. South. To cut in nicks or notches. S/uxk. 
To suit, as talhes cut in nicks. Camden. To de- 
feat or cozen, as at dice. Shakspeare. 

NFCKEL*. nrk'-kl. n.s. A semi-metal. Chambers. 

NFCKER*, niV-kfir. n.s. [from nick.] One who 
watches an opportunity to pilfer, or practise some 
knavish artifice. Arbuthnot. 

NI'CKNAME, nik'-name. n.s. [nomdenique, Fr.] Al 
name given in scoff or contempt. Bacon. 

To NI'CKNAME, nik-name'. r.a. To call by an op- j 
probrious appellation. Shakspeare. 

NTCOLA'ITAN*, nik-ko-la'-e-tan. n. s. One of a j 
sect, who, according to ancient writers, taught the ! 
lawfulness of lewdness and idolatrous sacrifices;! 
so called from one Nicolas, their founder. By ! 
Nicolailans, in Scripture, are thought to be meant, 
in general, lewd and profligate persons, who aim 
at nothing but their own secular advantage. 
Rev. it. 

NICOTIAN*, ne-ko'-sbin. n.s. [Fr.] Tobacco; 



first sent into France by Nicot, in the year 1660 
B. Jonson. 
NICOTIAN*, ne-ko'-shan. a. Denoting tobacco. 

Bp. lldl. 

To NICTATES, iuV-tite. v. a. [nicto, Lat.] To 

wink. Ray. 
NICTATION*, nlk-ta'-shun. n. s. A twinkling of 

the eye. Cockeram. 
NICTITATING Membrane*, n. s. [In anatomy.] 
A thin membrane which covers the eyes of several 
creatures ; defending them without a total obstruc- 
tion of vision. Paley. 
NTDE, nide. n s. [nidus, Lat.] A brood : as a nide 

of pheasants. 
NFDGET, nid'-jlt. n.s. [corrupted from nithing or 

niding.] A coward; a dastard. Camden. 
NIDIFICA'TION.nld-e-fe-ka'-shun. «..<?. [nidifica- 
Ho, Lat.] The act of building nests. Derham. 

NFDING, niid'-mg. n.s. [niSinft, Sax.] A coward 3 
a das'ard ; a base fellow. Camden. 

NFDOROUS, ni'-dur-us. a. Resembling the smell 
or taste of roasted fat. Bacon. 

NIDORO SITY, nl-dur-6s'-e-te. n. s. Eructation 
with the taste of undigested roast-meat. Floyer. 

NPDOUR§*, nl'-dur. n.s. [nidor, Lat. ; nideur, Fr.] 

Scent ; savour. Bp. Taylor. 
To NI'DULATE$*, nld'-u-late. v.n. [nidulor, 
Lat.] To Duild a nest. Cockeram. 

NIDULA'TION^ld-ju-la'-shun. 293. [ni-du-la'-shun, 
Sheridan.] n. s. The time of remaining in the nest. 
Brown. 

NIECE, neese. n. s. [niece, niepce, Fr, ; neptis, Lat.] 
The daughter of a brother or sister. Shakspeare. 

NFFLE* nl'-fl. n.s. [nijle, Norm. Fr.] A trifle. 
Chaucer. 

NIGGARD §, nlg'-gtird. 88. n. s. [niuggr, Icelan- 
dick.] A miser 3 a curmudgeon; a sordid fellow. 
Sidney. 

NPGGARD, nlg'-gurd. a. Sordid; avaricious; par- 
simonious. Dryden. Sparing; wary. Shakspeare. 

To NPGGARD, nfg'-gurd. v. a. To stint; to supply 
sparinglv. Shakspeare. 

NIGGAR"DISE*,nlg / -gurd-is. n.s. Niggardliness 3 
avarice. Spenser. 

NFGGARDISH.nlg'-gurd-lsh. a. Having some dis- 
position to avarice. Barret. 

NPGGARDLINESS, nig'-gurd-le-nes. n.s. Ava- 
rice; sordid parsimony. Bp. Hall. 

NPGGARDLY, nlg'-gurd-le. a. Avaricious; sor- 
didly parsimonious. Bp. Hall. Sparing; wary. 
Sidney. 

NPGGARDLY, nlg'-gurd-le. ad. Sparingly; parsi- 
moniously. Shakspeare. 

NPGGARDNESS, nlg'-gurd-nes. n.s. Avarice 5 
sordid parsimony. Sidney. 

NFGGARDSHIP*, nfg'-gurd-ship. n. s. Avarice. 
Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 

NFGGARDY*, nig'-gQrd-de. n. s. Niggardness. 
Ob. T. 

To NIGGLE*, nfg'-gl. v. a. To mock 5 to play on 
contemptuously. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To NPGGLE* ; "n?g / -gl. t\ n. To play with 3 to trifle 
with. Massinger. 

NIGH §, nl. 390. prep. [neah,neh, Sax.] At no great 
distance from. Milton. 

NIGH, ni. ad. Not at a great distance. Phil. ii. To 
a place near. Esther, ix. Almost 3 as, He was nigh 
dead. 

NIGH, nl. a. Near3 not distant; not remote. St. 
Matt. xxiv. Allied closely by blood. Lev. xxv. 

To NIGH, nl. v. n. [nehpan, Sax.] To approach j 
to advance ; to draw near. Wicliffe. 

To NIGH*, nl. v. a. To come near to 3 to touch. 
Chaucer. 

NPGHLY, nl'-le. ad. Nearly; within a little. Locke. 

NPGHNESS, nl'-ngs. n. s. Nearness ; proximity. A. 
Wood. 

NIGHTS, nlte. 391. n.s. [nauts, Goth.; mht, Sax.] 
The time of darkness ; the time from sunset to 
sunrise. Gen. xlix. The end of the day of life 3 
death. Dryden. State or time of ignorance or 
obscurity. Anon. State of being not understood 3 
631 



NIG 
















NIN 


[LT559.- 


-Fate, 


far, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me 


mel; 


—pine 


pin;— 



unintelligibility. Pope. It is much used in com- 
position. 

To NIGHT, adverbially. In this night; at this night 
Josh. ii. 

NFGHTB1RD*, nlte'-bfird. n. s. A bird that flies 
only in the night. Bp. Ball. 

N1GHTBORN*, nlie'-bdrn. a. Produced in dark- 
ness. Mirror for Magistrates. 

NIGHTBRA'WLER, nite'-brawl-ur. n. s. {night 
and brawler.] One who raises disturbances in the 
niglu. Shakspeare. 

NFGHTCAP, nlteMcap. n.s. A cap worn in bed, or 
in undress. Bacon. 

NFGHTCROW, nlte'-kro. n.s. [nigM and crow.] 
A bird that cries in the night. Shakspeare. 

NFGHTDEW, nlte'-du. n. s. Dew that wets the 



ground in the night. Dryden. 
NPGHTDOG, nlte'-dog. n. s. 



A dog that hunts in 
s. The dress worn at 



the night. Shakspeare 

NIGHTDRESS, nlte'-dres, 
night. Pope. 

NFGHTED, nlte'-gd. a. Darkened ; clouded ; black. 
Shakspeare. 

NIGHTFALL*, nlte'-fal). n.s. The close of day; 
the beginning of night. Swift. 

NIGHTFA'RING, nlte'-fa-ring. n.s. Travelling 
in the night. Gay. 

NFGHTFIRE, nlte'-fire. n. s. Ignis fatuus ; Will- 
wilh-a-Wisp. HerbeH. 

NIGHTFLY, nite'-fll. n. s. Moth that flies in the 
night. Shakspeare. 

NIGHTFOUNDERED, nlte-fdiV-d&r'd. a. [from 
niglU and founder.] Lost or distressed in the night. 
Milton. 

NI'GHTGOWN, rilte'-gSun. n.s. A loose gown 
used for an undress. Shakspeare. 

Nl'GHTHAG, nlte'-hag. n.s. Witch supposed to 
wander in the night. Milton. 

NFGHTINGALE, nlte'-tin-gale. n.s. [nihte^ale, 
Sax. ; from niglU, and £alan, to sing.] A small 
bird that sings m the night with remarkable melo- 
dy; philomel. Sliak. A word of endearment. 
Sliakspeare. 

NFGHTISH*, nl'-tish. a. Belonging to the night; 
attached to the night. Turbervife. 

NFGHTLY, nlte'-Te. a. Done by night; acting by 
night ; happening by night. Dryden. 

NFGHTLY, nite'-le. ad. By night. Shak. Every 
night. Addison. 

NPGHTMAN, nhe'-man. 88. ?i.s. One who carries 
away ordure in the night. 

NFGHTMARE, nite'-mare. 7i.s. [niglit, and mara, a 
spirit.] A morbid oppression in the night, resem- 
bling the pressure of weight upon the breast. Ar- 
buthnot. 

NFGHTPIECE, nlte'-peese. n. s. A picture so col- 
oured as to be supposed seen by candle light, not 
by the light of the day. Addison. 

NFGHTRA.IL, nlte'-rale. n.s. {night, and pe$l, 
Sax.] A loose cover thrown over the dress at night. 
Massinger. 

NIGHTRA'VEN, nke-ra'-v'n. 103. n. s. A bird, sup- 
posed of ill-omen, that cries loud in the night. 
Spenser. 

NIGHTRE'ST*, nlte'-rgst. n.s. Repose of the night. 
Shakspeare. 

NIGHTRO'BBER, nlte-rob'-bur. n.s. One who 
steals in the dark. Spenser. 

NI'GHTRULE, nhe'-rule. n.s. See Misrule. A 

frolick of the night. Shakspeare. 
NFGHTSHADE, nke'-shade. n s. [nihtpcaba, 
Sax.] A plant. Miller. The darkness of the night. 
Phcer. 
NlGHTSHFNING,nUe'-shl-ning. a. Showing bright- 
ness in the night. Wilkins. 
NFGHTSHR1EK, nlte'-shreek. n. s. A cry in the 

night. Sliakspeare. 
NFGHTSPELL*, nlte'-spel. n.s. [night and spell.] 
A charm against the accidents of the night. Cluxu- 
cer. 
NI'GHTTRIPPING, nlte'-trip-ping. a. Going nght- 
ly in the night. Shakspeare. 



NFGHTV1SION, nhe'-vizh-un. n.s. Avisionofthe 

night. Dan. ii. 
NFGHT WAKING*, nlte'-wa-king. a. Watching 

during the night. Shakspeare. 
NFGHTWALK, nite'-wak. n. s. Walk in the night. 

Walton. & 

NFGHTWALKER, nite'-wak-ur. n. s. One who 

roves in the night upon ill designs. Ascluxm. 
NFGHTWALKING*, nlte'-wak-ing. a. Roving in 

the night. Milton. 
NFGHTWALKING*, nlte'-wak-ing. n.s. The act 

of walking in sleep; noctambulation. Burton. 
NIGHT WA'NDERER*,nlte-wan'-dur-ur. ji.s. One 

that wanders by night. Sliakspeare. 
NIGHTWA'NDERING*, nlte waii'-dur-ing. a 

Roving in the night. Shakspeare. 
NIGHTWA'RBLING, nlte-war'-bling. a. Singing 

in the night. Milton. 
NFGHTWARD, nlte'-ward. 88. a. Approaching to 

wards night. 
NFGHTWATCH, mte'-w&tsh. n. s. A period of the 

night as distinguished by change of the watch. 

Psalm Ixiii. 
NFGHTWATCHER*, nlte'-w6tsh-ur. n. s. One 

who watches through the night upon some ill de 

sign. Huloet. 
NFGHTWITCH*, nlte'-witsh. n. s. A night-hag. 

Huloet. 
NIGRESCENT, nl-gres'-sent. 130, 510. a. [nigres- 

cens, Lat.] Growing black ; approaching to black- 

NIGRIFICA'TION, nig-re-ft-ka'-shtin. 130. [nl- 

Ere-fe-ka'-shfin, Sheridan.] n. s. [niger and facio, 
.at.] The act of making black. 
NIHFL1TY, nl-hil'-e-te. n. s. [nihuite, Fr. ; nihilum, 

Lat.] Nothingness ; the state of being nothing. 

Watts. 
To NILL$, nil. v. a. [from ne will; nillan, Sax.] 

Not to will ; to refuse ; to reject. Spe?iser. 
To NILL*, nil. v. n. To be unwilling; not to agree. 

Shakspeare. 
NILL, nil. n. s. The shining sparks ^f brass in trying 

and melting the ore. 
To NIM§, nlm. v. a. [niman, Sax.] To take. In 

cant : to steal. Hudibras. 
NFMBLE§, ninV-bl. 405. a. [from nim ■: or numan, 

Sax.] Quick ; active ; ready; speedy; lively; expe- 
ditious. Spenser. 
NFMBLENESS, nim'-bl-nes. n. s. Quickness; ac- 
tivity ; speed ; agility. Sidneij. 
NFMBLESS, nim'-bl&s. n.s. Nimbleness. Spenser. 
NIMBLE-W1TTED, nim'-bl-wit-ted. a. Quick; 

eager to speak. Bacon. 
NFMBLY, nim'-ble. ad. Quickly ; speedily ; actively. 

Shakspeare. 
NFMIETY, nim'-e-e-te. n.s. [nimietas, school Lat.] 

The state of being too much. Instruct, for Oratory. 
NFMMER, nW-mur. 98. n.s. A thief; a pilferer. 

Hudibras. 
NFNCOMPOOP, nln'-kfim-pdop. n. s. [a corruption 

of the Latin non compos.] A fool ; a trifler. Addison. 
NINE§, nine. a. [ni^on, Sax.] One more than eight. 

Shakspeare. 
NFNEFOLD, nlne'-fold. a. Nine times. Milton 
NFNEHOLES*, nlne'-holz. n. s. A game, in wmen 

nine holes are made in the ground, into which a 

pellet is to be bowled. Drayton. 
NINE Men's Morris*. See Morris. 
I NI'NEPENCE, nine'-p£nse. n. s. A silver coin val- 
ued at nine pence. Gay. 
|NFNEP1NS, nlne'-pinz. n.s. A play where nine 

pieces of wood are set up on the ground to be 

thrown down by a bowl. Peacham. 
NFNESCORE, nlne'-sk6re. a. Nine times twenty. 

Addison. 
NFNETEEN, nineteen, a. [ni$ontyne, Sax.] 

Nine and ten ; one less than twenty. Swift. 
NINETEENTH, nlne'-teentfi. a. [ni^onteoSa 

Sax.] The ordinal of nineteen ; the ninth after the 

tenth. 2 Kings, xxv. 
NFNETY, nlne'-te. [See Nicety.] a. [hun&MSon- 

fciS, Sax.l Nine times ten. Gen. v. 
632 






NOB 



NOC 



— no. move, n6r, no* ; — tibe, tab. bttll ;— 611;— pdftnd-— thin, this. 



[>m<o, Span.] A fool ; a sim- 



NI'NNY$, nuv'-ne.H. 
pleton. B/iaJcspeare. 
NFNNYHAMIWER, n?n'-ne-ham-mflr. re. 



NINTH, ninth, a. [nttfofca, Sax.] The first after the 

eighth; the ordinal of nine. Bnuni. 
NI'NTHLY*, nbrf/t'-le. at/. In the ninth place. Sher- 
wood. 
NFNETIETH, nlne'-te-fr/i. 279. a. [hunbnijjonfce- 
o^o'cTa, Sax.] The ordinal of ninety ; the tenth nine 
times told. 
To NIPy, nip. v.a. [nijpen, Teut.] To pinch off with 
the nails; to bite with the teeth. Bacon. To cut 
off by any slight means. Mortimer. To blast ; to 
destroy before full growth. Milton. To pinch, as 
frost. Sltak. To vex ; to bite. Spenser. To satir- 
ize; to ridicule ; to taunt sarcastically. Spenser. 
NIP, nip. re. s. A pinch with the nails or teeth. .4s- 
chum. A small cut. Shak. A blast. Stepney. A 
taunt ; a sarcasm. 
NFPPER, nlp'-pur. 98. n. s. A satirist. Ascham. 
NFPPERKIN*, nip-'-pfir-km. re. s. [Aleman. nap, 

nappekin.] A little cup ; a small tankard. Lye. 
NFPPERS, n'ip'-pCtrz. n. s. Small pincers. 
NPPPINGLY. nip'-pvng-le. ad. With bitter sarcasm. 
NPPPLEi nip'-pl. 405. n.s. jnypele. Sax.] The 
teat; the dug. Ray. The orifice at which any an- 
imal liquor is separated. Derham. 
NFPPLEWORT, nlp'-pl-wfirt. re. s. A weed. 
NIS*. nls. [rte is ; my, Sax.] Is not. Spenser. Ob.T. 
NISI PRIUS, hi'-se-prl'-fis. n.s. [Inlaw.] A judicial 
writ, which licth in case where the inquest is em- 
pannelled and returned before the justices of the 
bank ; the one party or the other making petition 
to have this writ for the ease of the country. It is 
so called from the first vords of the writ nisi apud 
talem locum prims venerint. Ccnvel. 
NIT y, nft. n. s. [hnifcu, Sax.] The egg of a louse or 

small animal. Derham. 
NFTENCY, ni'-ten-se. n.s. [nitentia, Lat.] Lustre; 
clear brightness, [nitor, Lat.] Endeavour ; spring 
to expand itself. Boyle. 
NFTHFNG, nlth'-hg. n. s. See Niding. A cow- 
ard ; dastard ; poltron. 
NI'TID, ntt'-lfd. 5-44. a. [nilidus, Lat.] Bright; shin- 
ing; lustrous. Boide. Applied to persons: gay; 
spruce ; tine. Reeve. 
NFTRE y, ni'-tur. 416. re. s. [nitre, Fr. ; nitmm, Lat.] 
Saltpetre ; a crystalline, pellucid, but somewhat 
whitish substance, of an acrid and bitterish taste, 
impressing a peculiar sense of coldness upon the 
tongue. Hill. 
NITRO'SITY*, ni-tros'-e-te. re. s. Quality of nitre. 

Cotgrave. 
NITROUS, ul'-trfis. 314. a. [nitrenx, Fr.] Impreg- 
nated with nitre; consisting of nitre. Bacon. 
NFTRY, nl'-tre. a. Nitrons. Gay. 
NFTTILY, nll'-ie-le. ad. Lousily. Hayicard. 
NFTTY, nit'-te. a. Abounding with the eggs of lice. 
B. Jonson. An epithet of contempt, perhaps from 
nitid. Marslon. 
NFVAL, ni'-vil. a. [nivalis, Lat.] Abounding with 

snow. Diet. 
NFVEOUS, niv'-e-fis. 314. a. [niveus, Lat.] Snowy;] 

resembling snow. Broica. 
NFZY, ni'-ze. n. s. [nessi. Norm. Fr.] A dunce; a j 
simpleton. Anon. \ 

NOy, n6. ad. [na, Sax.] The word of refusal. Shak.l 
The word of denial. Bacon. It sometimes con- j 
firms a foregoing negative. Shak. It sometimes 
strengthens a following negative ; no not, not even. 
Waller. 
NO, n6. a. Not any; none. Gen. xiii. It seems an 
adjective in these phrases, no longer, no more, no 
where ; though sometimes it may be so commodi- 
ously changed to not, that it seems an adverb; as, 
The days are yet no shorter. 1 Sajn. x. No one : 
none ; not any one. Smalridge, 
To NOBFLITATE y, no-bll -le-tute. v.a. [nobilito, 

Lat.] To ennoble ; to make noble. Bullokar. 
NOBILITA'TION*, nd-bil-e-ta'-shfin. re.*. The act 
•of ennobling. Mo» 

80 



NOBFL1TY, nO-bil'-le-ie. re. s. [nobUitas, Lat.] An- 
tiquity of family joined with splendour. Dryden. 
Rank or dignity of several^ degrees, conferred by 
sovereigns. Nobility in England is extended to 
five ranks ; duke, marquis, earl, viscount, baron 
The persons of high rank. Shak. Dignity gran 
deur ; greatness. Sidney. 
NO'BLE y, no'-bl; 405. a. [Fr. ; nobilis, Lat.] Of an 
ancient and splendid family. 2 Mace. xiv. Exalted 
to a rank above commonalty. Dryden. Great ; 
worthy; illustrious. Milton. Exalted; elevated; 
sublime. Dryden. Magnificent ; stalely : as, a no- 
ble parade. Free; generous; liberal. Acts, xvii 
Principal ; capital : as, The heart is one of the noble 
parts of the body. 
NO'BLE, no'-bl. re. s. One of high rank. Exodus. A 
coin rated at six shillings and eight pence. Cam 
den. 
NOBLE Liverwort, re. s. A plant. 
To NO BLE*, no'-bl. v. a. To ennoble. Clvaucer. 

Ob. T. 
NO'BLEMAN, no'-bl-man. 88. re. s. One who is en- 
nobled. Slicdcspeare. 
NO'BLEWOMAN*. no'-bl-wum-un. re. s. A female 

who is ennobled. Cavendish. 
NO'BLENESS, nc-'-bl-nes. re. 5. Greatness ; worth ; 
dignity ; magnanimity. Shak. Splendour of de- 
scent; lustre of pedigree. Stateliness. Ashmole. 
NO'BLESS, n6-bleV. re. s. [noblesse, Fr.] Nobility. 
Spenser. Dignity ; greatness. B. Jonson. Noble- 
men, collectively. Dryden. 
NO'BLY, no'-ble. ad. Of ancient and splendid extrac- 
tion. Dryden. Greatly ; illustriously ; magnani- 
mously. Shak. Grandly ; splendidly. Addison. 
NO'BObY", no'-bod-e. n.~s. [no and body.] No one; 

not any one. Clarendon. 
NO'CENT, nd/-sent. a. [nocens, Lat.] Guilty; crim- 
inal. Bacon. Hurtful ; mischievous. Milton. 
NO'CENT*, no'-sent. re. s. One who is criminal. Sir 

E. Coke. Ob. T. 
NO'CIVE*, n6'-siv. a. [nocivus, Lat.] Hurtful ; de- 
structive. Llooker. 
NOCK y, nok. re. s. [nocke, Teut. ; nocchia, Ital.] A 
slit; a nick; a notch. Martin. The fundament. 
Hudibras. 
To NOCK. nok. v. a. To place upon the notch. 

Chapman. 
NO'CKED*. a. Notched. Chaucer. 
NOCTAMBULA'TIGN*, n&k-tam-bu-la'-shun. re. s. 

The act of walking in sleep. Bailey. 
NOOTA'MBULO, n6k-tam'-bu-l6. re. s. [nox and 
ambulo, Lat.] One who walks in his sleep. Arbuth- 
not. 
NOCTFDIAL, nok-fld'-yal, or ndk-tid'-je-al. 294, 
376. a. [noctis anc dies, Lat.] Comprising a night 
and a day. Holder. 
NOCTTFEROUS, n&k-tMr-fig. 518. a. [nox and 
fero.] Bringing night. Diet 
OCTI'L UCA*, nok-dl'-u-ka. re. s. [nox and luceo, 
Lat.] A kind of phosphorus, shining in the night, 
without any light thrown upon it. 
NOCTFLUCOUS* nok-til'-u-kus. a. Shining in the 

night. Pennant. 
NOCTFVAGANT, nok-uV-va-gant. a, [nociivagus, 

Lai.] Wandering in the night. 
NOCTIVAGA'TION*, ii&k-tiv-va-ga;-sbun. re. s. 
The act of rambling or wandering in the night. 
Gam" on. 
NOCTUARY, n6k'-tshu-a-re. 461. n.s. [nodus, 
Lat.] An account of what passes by night. Addi- 
son. 
NO'CTURN, noR'-tfirn. re. s. An office of devotion 

performed in the night. Stilling fleet. 
NOCTU'RNAL §, n&k-uV-naf. 88. a. [nociunms, 

Lat.] Nightly. Dryden. 
NOCTU'RNAL, nok-tfir'-nai. re. s. An instrument 
bv which observations are made in the night. 
Watts. 
NCCUMENT*, nok'-A-ment. re. s. [nocumentum, 

LatJ Harm. Bale. 
NO'CtJOUS* nok'-Q-os. a. [nocuus, Lat.] Noxious ; 
hurtful. Bailey. 

633 



NO 



NOL 



NON 



\TT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: 



To NOD §, nod. v. n. [of uncertain derivation.] 
To decline the head with a quick motion. Dryden. 
To pay a slight bow. Sha/c. To bend down- 
wards with quick motion. Dryden. To be drow- 
sy. Addison. 
To NOD*, nod. v. a. To bend ; to incline. Shak. 

To shake. Shakspeare. 
NOD, nod. n. s. A quick declination of the head. 
Locke. A quick declination. Shak. The motion 
of the head in drowsiness. Locke. A slight obei- 
sauce. Shakspeare. 
NODA'TION, no-da'-shun. n. s. [nodo, Lat.] The 
state of being knotted, or act of making knots. 
Cockeram. 
NO'DDEN*, nod'-dn. a. Bent ; declined. Thomson. 
NO'DDER, nod'-dur. 98. n. s. One who makes nods. 

Pope. A drowsy person. More. 
NO'DDLE, nod'-dl. 405. n. s. [hnol, Sax.] A head : 

in contempt. Shakspeare. 
NO'DDY, nod'-d£. n. s. [naudin, Norm. Fr.] A 
simpleton ; an idiot. Davies. A game at oards, B. 
Jonson. 
NODE, node. n.s. [nodus, Lat.] A knot; a knob. 
A swelling on the bone. Wiseman. Intersection. 
Holder. 
NODO SITY, n6-dos / -se-te. n. s. [nodosite, Fr.] 

Complication ; knot. Brown. 
NODO'SOUS*, n6-do'-sus. )a. [?iodosus, Lai.] 
NO'DOUS, ni'-d&s. 314. $ Knotty; lull of knots. 

Brown. 
NO'DULE §, nod'-jule. 293, 461 . n. s. [nodulus, Lat.] 

A small lump. Woodward. 
NODULED*, nod'-juld. a. Having little knots or 

lumps. Darwin. 
NO'EIA SeeNowEL. 

NOG*, nog. n. s. [abbreviation of noggin.] A little 
pot. Skinner. Ale. Swift. — Nog of a. mill : the 
little piece of wood, which, rubbing against the hop- 
per, makes the corn fall from it. Cotgrave. 
NO'GGEN, mV-gin. a. Hard; rough; harsh. Es- 
cape of K. Cfiarles. 
NOGGIN, nog-gin. 382. n. s. [nossel, Germ.] A 

small mug. Heywood. 
NO'GGING*. nog'-glng. n. s. [In building.] A par- 
tition framed of timber scantlings, with the inter- 
stices filled up by bricks. Mason. 
NOI'ANCE, noe'-fmse. 88. See Noyance. 
To NOIE. See To Noy. 
NO'IER. SeeNoYER. 
NOFOUS, noe'-us. 314. See Noyous. 
To NOINT*, no'int. v. a. [om*,Fr.] To anoint. Hu- 

loet. 
NOISE §, noeze. 299. n.s. [noise, Fr.] Any kind of 
sound. Wis. xvii. Outcry; clamour; boasting or 
importunate talk. Baker. Occasion of talk. Addi- 
son. A concert ; and those who performed a con 
cert. Psalm xlvii. 
To NOISE, noeze. v. n. To sound loud. Milton. 
To NOISE, noeze. v. a. To spread by rumour or 

report. St. Luke, i. 
NOI SEFUL, noeze'-ful. a. Loud ; clamorous. Fel- 

tham. 
NOl'SELESS, noeze'-les. a. Silent; without sound. 

Sfiakspeare. 
NOI'SINESS, noe'-ze-nes. n.s. Loudness of sound ; 

importunity of clamour. 
NOFSEMAKER, noeze'-ma-kur. n. s. Clamourer. 

UEstrange. 
NOPSOME§, noe'-sum. 166. a. [noioso, Ital.] Nox- 
ious ; mischievous ; unwholesome. Hooker. Offen- 
sive ; disgusting. Shakspeare. 
NOI'SOMELY, noe'-sum-le. ad. With a fetid stench ; 

with an infectious steam. Bp. Hall. 
NOFSOMENESS, noe'-sum-n§s. n. s. Aptness to 

disgust; offensiveness. Wotton. 
NOPSY, noe'-ze. 438. a. Sounding loud. Clamor- 
ous ; turbulent. Dryden. 
NO 1 LI me tangere, n6 / -le-me-tan / -jur-e. [Lat.] A 
kind of cancerous swelling, exasperated by appli- 
cations. A plant. Mortimer. 
NOLI'TION, n6-llsh'-&n. n. s. [nolitio, Lat.] Unwil- 
lingness ; opposed to volition. Hale. 



NOLL, n6le. 406. n. s. [hnol, Sax.] A head; a nod 

die. Shakspeare. 

MO'MAD*, n&m'-ad. > a. [vouds, votiadiKk.] 

NO'MADICK*, ndm'-a-dik. \ Rude ; savage ; hav 
ing no fixed abode, and shifting it for the conve 
nience of pasturage. British Critic/c. 

NO'MANCY, no'-man-se. n. s. [nomen. Lat. ; and 
ytavTua, Gr.] The art of divining the fates of per 
sons by the letters that form their names. Diet. 

NO'MBLES, n&m'-blz. 359. n. s. The entrails of a 
deer. 

£3= This word may be added to the catalogue.— Princi 
pies, No. 165. W. 

NOME*, nome. n. s. [vo/ibs.] Province ; tract of 
country ; an Egyptian government or division. 
Maurice, [from nomen. Lat.] [In algebra.] A sim- 
ple quantity affixed to some other quantity by its 
proper sign. 

NOMENCLA'TOR, nom-en-klaMur. n.s. [Lat.; 
nomenclateur , Fr.] One who calls things or persons 
by their proper names. Hakeivill. 

NOMENCLA'TRESS*, nom-en-kla'-trgs. n. s. A 
female nomenclator. Addison. 

NOMENCLATURE, nom-en-kla'-tshure. 461. n. s. 
[riomenclature, Fr. ; nomenclatura, Lat.] The act 
of naming. Bacon. A vocabulary; a dictionary. 
Broivn. 

NOMINAL §, n&m / -me-nal. 88. a. [nominalis, Lat.] 
Referring to names rather than to things j titular. 
Locke. 

NO'MINAL* rionV-me-nal. ) n. s. One of the 

NO MINALIST*, n6ny , -m£-nal-?st. \ scholastical 
philosophers, who maintained that words or names 
only were to be attended to in all logical disquisi- 
tions. Burton. 

To NO'MINALIZE*, nom'-me-nal-ize. v. a. To con- 
vert into a noun. Instruct, for Oratory. 

NOMINALLY, nom'-me-nai-le. ad. By name; with 
regard to a name ; titularly. Burke. 

To NOMINATE, lwW-me-nate.T.a. [nomino, Lat.] 
To name ; to mention by name. Shak. To enti- 
tle ; to call. Spenser. To set down; to appoint by 
name. Locke. 

NOMINATE LY*, nonr-me-nate-le. ad. Particu- 
larly. Spelman. . 

NOMINATION, n6m-me r na / -sh&n. n. s. The actoi 
mentioning by name. Wotton. The power of ap- 
pointing. Clarendon. Denomination. Wever. 

NOMINATIVE, nonV-me-na-tiv. a. [In grammar.] 
The epithet of the case that primarily designates 
the name of any thing. Lilly. 

^T" This word, in the hurry of school pronunciation, ia 
always heard in three syllables, as if written nomna- 
tive ; and this pronunciation has so generally prevail- 
ed, thnt making the word consist of four syllables 
would be stiff and pedantick. — See Clef. W. 

NOMINATOR*, nom'-me-na-tur. n. s. One that 
names or appoints to a place. Bentley. 

NOMINE'E*, nom-me-nee 7 . n. s. A person nomi- 
nated to any place or office. 

NOMOTHETICAL*, n6m-6-tfiet'-e-kal. a. [v 0i io- 
dtrrjs.] Legislative. Bp. Barloio. 

NON, n6n. ad. [Lat.] Not. It is never used sepa- 
rately, but comes prefixed to words with a negative 
power : as, non-residency, non-performance. 

NO'NAGE §, non'-adje. n.s. .[nan, and age.] Minori- 
ty ; lime of life before legal maturity. Sliakspeare. 

NO'NAGED*, non'-adjd. a. Not arrived at due ma 
turity ; being in nonage. Browne. 

NONATTE'NDANCE*, n&n-at-tend'-anse. n. s. 
The not giving personal attendance. Ld. Halifax. 

NONCE, n&nse. n. s. [uncertain derivation.] Pur- 
pose ; intent ; design. Spenser. Ob. J. 

NONCOMPLIANCE*, n&n-kom-pll'-anse. n. $. Re- 
fusal to comply with any request. Ld. Halifax. 

NONCONFORMING* n&n-kon-for'-mfng. a. Not 

joining in the established religion. Burke. 
NONCONFORMIST, non-kon-lor'-mlst. n.s. [nm, 
and conformist.] One who refuses to comply with 
others. Barrow. One who refuses to join in the 
established worship. Swift. 
NONCONFORMITY, n&n-k6n-fdr / -me-te. n.s. R«- 
634 



NON 



NOS 



-no, move, nor, n6t ;— tube, tab, bull; — oil ; — poimd; — thm, THis. 



fusal of compliance. Watts. Refusal to join in the 
established religion. South. 

NONDESCRIPT* ndn-de-skrlpt'. a. [rum, and de- 
script, old Fr.J Undescribed : used also as a sub- 
stantive for any natural production that has nut 
been described. 

NONE, nun. 165. a. [ne one; nan, ne ane,Sax.] Not 
one. Lev. xxvi. Not any. Exod. xvi. Not other. 
Gen. xxviii. — None of sometimes signifies only cm- 

Shatically nothing. Ps. Ixxxi. 
NE'NTITY, ndn-en'-te-te. n. s. Nonexistence; 
the negation of being. Bentley. A thing not ex- 
isting. South. 
NONLS*, n6nz. n. s. [nonus, Lat.] Certain days in 
each month of the old Roman calendar, so called, 
because they reckoned nim days from them to the 
ides. Kennet. Prayers, formerly so called. 
NONESUCH*, mV-sfitsh. n.s. The name of an 

NONEXISTENCE, non-eg-zfe'-tense. n. s. Inexis- 
tence ; negation of being. A. Baxter. The thing 
not existing. Brown. 

NONJU'RING, non-jiY-rfng. 410. a. [non and pro, 
Lat.] Belonging to those who will not swear alle- 
giance to the Hanoverian family. Swift. 

NONJUROR, non'-ju-rfir. 166. [ndn-jiV-rur, Perry 
and Jones.] n.s. One who, conceiving James II. 
unjustly deposed, refuses to swear allegiance to 
those who have succeeded him. Swift. 

NONN.VTURALS, non-nat'-tshu-ralz. n. s. [non 
naluralia.] Physicians reckon these to be six, viz. 
air, meat and drink, sleep and watching, motion 
and rest, retention and excretion, and the passions 
of the mind. Brown. 

NON-OBSTANTE*, n6n-6b-stan'-te. [Lat.] Not- 
withstanding any thing to the contrary : a law 
phrase. Donne. 

NONPARETL, non-pa-rel'. n. s. [non, and pareil, j 
Fr.] Excellence unequalled. Sliak. A kind of ap- 
ple. Printers' letter of a small size, on which small 
Bibles and Common Prayers are printed. 

NONPARETL*, non-pa-rel'. a. Peerless. Whillock. 

NO'NPLUS§, non'-plus. n.s. [non and plus, Lat.] 
Puzzle ; inability to say or do more. South. 

To NO'NPLUS, non' -plus, v. a. To confound; to 

Suzzle. Glanville. 
NPROFFCIENT*, n&n-pr6-f1sh'-ent. n. s. [non, 
and proficient.] One who has made no progress in 
the art or studv in which he is engaged. Bp. Hall. 

NONRE'SIDENCE, non-rSz'-e-dense. n. s. Failure 
of residence. Swift. 

NONRESIDENT, non-rez'-e-dent. n. s. One who 
neglects to live at the proper place. Swift. • 

NON RESIDENT*, non-rez'-e-dent. a. Not residing 
in the proper place. Overlmry. 

NONRESFSTANCE, non-re-zts'-tunse. n.s. The 
principle of not opposing the king; ready obedi- 
ence to a superiour. Sir Joseph Jeicyll. 

NONRESFSTANT* non-re-zV-ldnt. a. Not re- 
sisting; unopposing. Arbuthnot. 

NO'NSENSES, n6V-s§nse. n.s. [non, and sense.] 
Unmeaning or ungrammatical language. Hudibras. 
Dry den. Trifles; things of no importance. Thom- 
son. 

NONSE'NSICAL, non-sen'-se-kal. a. Unmeaning; 
foolish. Ray. 

NONSENSICALLY*, n&n-sen'-se-kal-le. ad. Fool- 
ishly; ridiculously. L 'Estrange. 

NONSE'NSIC ALNESS, non-seiF-se-kal-nes. n. s. 
Ungrammatical jargon ; foolish absurdity. 

NONSE'NSITIVE*, n&n-sen'-se-dv. n. s. One that 
wants sense or perception. Feltham. 

NONSOLUTION, non-si-liF-shun. n. s. Failure of 
solution. Broome. 

NONSO'LVENCY*, n&n-sSl'-ven-ise. n.s. Inability 
to pay. Swift. 

NONSO'LVENT, non-s&F-vent. a. [non, and solvent.] 
Unable to pay debts. 

NONSPA'RING, n&n-spa'-rlng. a. Merciless ; all- 
destroying. Shakspeare. 

NO'NSUIT* nSn'-sute. n. s. [non., and suit.] Stop- 
page of a suit at law; a renouncing of the suit by 



the plaintiff, most commonly upon the discovery of 
some errour or delect, when the matter is so far 
proceeded in, that the jury are ready at the bar to 
deliver their verdict. Cowel. 

To NO'NSUIT, n&n'-sute. 342. v. a. To deprive of 
the benefit of a legal process, for some failure in 
die management. Swift. 

NO'ODLE, noo'-dl. 405. n. s. [from noddle or nod- 
da.] A fool ; a simpleton. 

NOOK, nook. 306. n. s. [een hoeck, Teut.] A corner ; 
a covert made by an angle or intersection. Shale. 

NOON $, nddn. 306. n.s. [non, Sax. ; nawn, Welsh.] 
The middle hour of the day ; twelve ; the time 
when the sun is in the meridian ; midday. Locke. 
It is taken for midnight. Dri/den. 

NOON, noon, a. Meridional. "Young. 

NOONDAY, r.6Sn'-da. n. s. Midday. Shakspeare. 

NOO'NDAY, nfiftn'-da. a. Meridional. Addison. 

NOO'NING, nOOn'-mg. n. s. Repose at noon; noon 
rest. Huloet. Repast at noon. Addison.. 

NOO'NSTEAD*, n66n / -sled. n.s. [noon and stead.] 
The station of the sun at noon. Drayton. 

NOO'NTIDE, no6n'-tkie. n. s. [noon and tide.] Mid- 
dav ; time of noon. Sliakspeare. 

NOO'NTIDE.noOn'-tlde. a. Meridional. Shak. 

NOOSES, noose. 437. n.s. [nosada, entangled.] A 
running knot, which, the more it is drawn, binds the 
closer. Sandys. 

To NOOSE, n56ze. 437. v. a. To tie in a noose ; to 
catch ; to entrap. Gov. of the Tongue. 

NOPE, n6pe. n.s. A kind of bird called a hulfinch 
or redtail. Drayton. 

NOR, nor. 64. conjunct, [ne or.] A particle marking 
the second or subsequent branch of a negative 
proposition : correlative to neither or not. Shak. 
Two negatives are sometimes joined, but not ac- 
cording to the propriety of our present language. 
SJiak. Nor is, in poetry, used in the first branch 
for neither : as, " I nor love myself nor thee." B. 



NO'RMAL*, nor'-mal. a. [norma, Lat.] [In geome- 
try.] Perpendicular. 

NO'RMAN*, noV-man; n. s. [old Fr.] At first, a 
Norwegian ; then, a native of Normandy. Verste- 
gan. 

NO'RMAN*, n6V-man. a. Denoting persons, cus- 
toms, or the language, of Normandy. Camden. 

NO'RROY* noV-r&e. n. s. [nor and roy, Fr.] The 
title of the third of the three kings at arms, or pro- 
vincial heralds. Burke. 

NORTH $, north, n. s. [nop.??, Sax.] The point op- 

Sosite to the sun in the meridian. Shakspeare. 
RTH, north, a. Northern; being in the north. 

Num. xxxiv. 
NORTHE'AST, nfirtft-eest' . n.s. The point between 

the north and east. Prior. 
NORTHEAST, north-eest' . a. Denoting the point 

between the north and east. Shakspeare. 
NORTHERLY, nSr'-THur-le. 88. a. Being towards 

the north. Derhum. 
NO'RTHERN, n6r / -THiW 88. a. Being in the 

north. Shakspeare. 
NO'RTHERNLY*, n6r'-THfirn-le. ad. Towards the 

north. Hakewill. 
NORTHSTA'R, norf/i'-stlr. n.s. The polestarj the 

lodestar. Sliakspeare. 
NO'RTHWARD,n6rtA'-ward.a. [norland peajib, 

Sax.] Being towards the north. 



NO'RTHWARD, nort/i'-ward. 88. } ad. Towards 
:. ) the north. 

Bacon. 



NORTHWARDS, ndrt/i'-wardz. 



NORTHWEST, north-west*, n. s. The point be- 
tween the north and west. Brown. 

NORTHWPND, ndrf&'-wind. [See WindJ n. s. 
The wind that blows from the north. Milton. 

NORWEGIAN*, nor-we'-je-an. n. s. A native of 
Norway. Verstegan. 

NORWEGIAN*, ndr-we'-je-an.J a. Belonging to 

NORWEYAN*, n6r-we'-yan. S Norway. Shak. 

NOSE §, nc-ze. n. s. [narre, neye, Sax.] The promi- 
nence on the face, which is the organ of scent and 
the emunctory of the brain. £Putk. The end of 
635 



NOT 



NOT 



(D 3 559.— -Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m§t ;— pine, pin ;— 



anything-. Holder. Scenl; sagacity. Cottier. — 7'o 
lead by tlie nose. To drag by force, as a bear 
by his ring j to lead blindly. Bacon. To thrust 
one's nose into the affairs of others. To be a busy 
body. To put one's nose out of joint. To put One 
out in the affections of another. 
To NOSE, n6ze. v. a. To scent ; to smell. Shak. To 

face ; to oppose. A. Wood. 
To NOSE, n6ze. v. n. To look big ; to bluster. Shak. 
NO'SEBLEED, noze'-bleed. n. s. [nose and bleed.] 

A kind of herb. 
NO'SED*, n6z ; d. a. Having- a nose ; as, long-nosed, 
Rat-nosed. Beaumont and Fletcher . Having saga- 
city. Middlelon. 
NO'SEGAY^ze'-ga. n. s. [nose and gay.] Apos}'; 

a bunch of flowers. Shakspeare. 
NO'SELESS, i^ze'-les. a. Wanting a nose ; deprived 

of the nose. Sliakspeare. 
NO'SESMART, n6ze'-smart. n.s. [nose and smart] 

The herb cresses. 
NO'SLE* n&z'-zl. See Nozlk. 
NO'SETHRIL* See Nostril. 
NOSO'LOGY, n6-zol / -le-je. n.s: [voaos and \6yo S .] 

Doctrine of diseases. Reid. 
NOSOPOETICK, no-so-pi-eV-dk. a. [vouog and 

nouu).] Producing diseases. Arbulhnot. 
NOSTRIL, n&s'-tril. n.s. [nee r -8ypl, Sax.] The 

cavity in the nose. Bacon. 
NO' STRU3T, nos' -txum. n.s. [Lat.] A medicine 
not yet made publick, but remaining in some sin- 
gle hand. Stillingjleet. 
NOT, not. ad. [nace, nohfc, nocht, Sax.] The 
particle of negation, or refusal. Spenser. 1 he first 
member of a negative sentence, followed by nor 
or neither. Isaiah. A word of exception. Kings. 
A word of prohibition, or deprecation. Psalms. It 
denotes cessation or extinction. No more, Job, vii. 
Not only. 1 Thess. iv. 
NOT*, n&t. a. Shorn. See Nott. 
NOTABLE §, no'-ta-bl, or not'-a-bl. a. [notable, Fr. ; 
notabilis, Lat.] Remarkable ; memorable ; obser- 
vable. Sidney. Careful ; bustling. Addison. 

tj£f When this word signifies remarkable, it ought to be 
pronounced in the first manner; and when it means 
careful or bustling, in the last; The adverb follows 
the same analogy ; nor ought this distinction (though 
a blemish in language) to be neglected. — See Bowl. W. 

NOTABLE*, u6(-ta-bl. n. s. A thing worthy to be 
observed. Addison. - '* '"_ 

NO'TABLENESS, not'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Remarka- 
bleness; worthiness of observation. Homilies. Ap- 
pearance of business ; importance :;ii contempt. 

NOTABLY, n6'-la-ble, or n&t'-ta-blS. ad. Memora- 
bly, remarkably. Bacon. With consequence 5 
with s"ow of importance : ironically. Addison. 

NOTA'RIAL, no-ta'-re-al. a. Taken by a notary. 
Aidiffe. 

NOTARY, no'-ti-re. n.s. ["otarius, Lat.] An offi- 
cer whose business it is to take notes of any thing 
which may concern the publick. Hooker. 

NOTATION, n6-uV-shGn. n.s. [nctatio, Lat.] The 
act or practice of recording- any thing by marks ; 
as, by figures or letters. Cocker. Meaning ; sig- 
nification. Hammond. 
NOTCH §, nolsh. n. s. [noclie, Teut. ; nocchia, Ital.] 
A nick ; a hollow cut in any thing ; a nock. Grew. 
To NOTCH, n&tsh. v. a. To cut in small hollows. 

Shakspeare. 
NOTCHWEE'D, notsh'-weed. n.s. An herb called 

N'OTE. [for ne wote.] Know not. Chaucer. Could 
not; could not know how to. Spenser 

NOTE §, note. 64. n. s. [nota, Lat.] Mark ; token. 
Hooker. Notice ; heed. Shale. Reputation ; con- 
sequence. Rem. xvi. Reproach ; stigma. Shak. 
Account; information. Sliak.. State of being ob- 
served. Bacon. Tune; voice ; harmonick or me- 
lodious sound. Hooker. Single sound in musick. 
Dryden. Short hint ; small paper. Sliak. Abbre- 
viation ; symbol. Baker. A small letter. Dryden. 
A written paper. Swift. A paper given in con- 



fession of a debt. Arbulhnot. Explanatory anno- 
tation. Felton. 
To NOTE, note. r. a. [noto, Lat. ; noter, Fr.] To 
mark; to distinguish. Walsall. To observe; to 
remark 5 to heed; to attend; to take notice of. 
Shak. To deliver; to set down. Hooker. To 
charge with a crime. Dryden. [In musick.] To 
set down the notes of a tune. 

To NOTE*, note. v. a. [hmfcan, Sax.] To push, or 
strike, with the boms, as a bull or ram. Ray. 

NOTEBOOK, ndie'-bodk. n. s. A book in which 
notes are set down. Shakspeare. 

NOTED, ni'-ted. part. a. Remarkable ; eminent ; 
celebrated. Boyle. 

NOTEDLY*, no'-ted-le. ad. With observation 5 
with notice. Shakspeare. 

NOTEDNESS*, n^-ted-ne's. n.s. Conspicuousness ; 
state of being remarkable. Boyle. 

NOTELESS*, n6te'-les. a. Not attracting notice. 
Decker. 

NOTER, no'-tflr. 98. n. s. He who takes notice. 
An annotator. Gregory. 

NOTEWORTHY*, nite'-wur-Tne. a. Deserving 
notice. Shakspeare. 

NOTHING §, nM'-lng. 165. n. s. [no and thing.] Ne- 
gation of being ; nonentity ; universal negation : 
opposed to something. Grew. Nonexistence. Shak. 
Not any thing ; no particular thing. Exod. ix. No 
other thing-. Wake. No quantity or degree. Clar- 



endon. No importance ; no use. Spenser. No pos- 
session or fortune. Sliak. No difficulty ; no trouble. 
Ray. A thing of no proportion. Bacon. Trifle ; 
something of no consideration or importance. Sliak. 
Nothing has a kind of adverbial signification. In 
no degree ; not at all. Job, xxiv. 

NOTHINGNESS, mW-Ing-nes. n. s. Nihility; non- 
existence. Donne. Thing of no value. Bp. Hall. 

NOTICE §, no'-tk 142. n.s. [notice, old Fr.] Re- 
mark; heed; observation; regard. Locke. In- 
formation; intelligence. Sliakspeare. 

To NOTICE*, no'-tk v. a. To note; to heed; to 
observe ; to regard. T. Howard. 

NOTIFICATION, no-te-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
Act of making known ; representation by marks 
or symbols. Holder. 

To NOTIFY, no'-te-fl. 183. v. a. [notifer, Fr.j no- 
tiftco, hat] To declare; to make known. Hooker. 

NOTION §, no'-sh&n. n. s. [notio, Lat.] Thought; 
representation of any thing formed by ihe mind ; 
idea; image; conception. Pearson. Sentiment; 
opinion. Milton. Sense ; understanding. Shak. 

NOTIONAL, no'-shfin-al. 88. a. Imaginary; ideal ; 

. intellectual. Bacon. Dealing in ideas, not realities. 
Glanville. 

NATIONALITY, i^-shun-al'-le-te. n.s. Empty, 
ungrounded opinion. Glanville. 

NOTION ALLY, no'-shun-al-le. ad. In idea; men- 

■ tally. Norris. 

NOTIONIST*, ni'-shun-ist. n. s. One who holds an 
ungrounded opinion. Bp. Hopkins. Ob. T. - 

NOTORFETY, no-to-rl'-e-t^. n.s. [notoriete, Fr.] 
Publick knowledge ; publick exposure. 

NOTORIOUS §, no-uV-re-us. 314. a. [notorius, Lat.] 
Pubhckly known ; evident to the world ; apparent; 
not hidden. It is commonly used of things known 
to their disadvantage. Wfiitgift. 

NOTORIOUSLY, no-uV-re-us-le. ad. Publickly; 
evidently ; openly. Clarendon. 

NOTORIOUSNESS, n6-t6'-re-us-nes. n. s. Publick 
fame ; notoriety. Overbury. 

NOTT §*, not. a. [hnofc, Sax.] Smooth ; shorn. Chaur 
cer. 

To NOTT. not. v. a. To shear. Stowe. 

NOTWHEAT, n&f-hwete. n.s. Wheat, so termed 
because it is unbearded. Carew. 

NOTWITHSTANDING, not-wfr/i-stand'-fng. conj. 
[This word is properly a participial adjective, as it 
is compounded or not and withstanding, and an- 
swers exactly to the Latin non obstante.} Without 
hinderance or obstruction from. Decay of Chr. Pie- 
ty. Although. Addison. Nevertheless ; however 
Hooker. 

636 



NOV 



NUD 



-n6, move, u6r, n6t;— tube, tftb, bfill ;— oil ;— p6und ;—th\n, THis. 



NCTUS. n6'-tus. n.s. [Lat.l The south wind. 
3/iY/oh. 

NOUGHT., nawt. 31-9, 393. n . s. [ne aubt, Sax.] 
Not any thing ; nothing. Ska/t. In no degree : a 
kind o< adverbial signification. Fairfax. — To set at 
nought. Not to value ; to slight ; to scorn ; to dis- 
regard. Prov. i. 

NOUL, n6ul. n. s. [hnol, Sax.] The crown or top of 
tlie head. Spenser. 

NOULD. Ne would ; would not. Spenser. 

NOUN, n6un. 312. n. s. [noun, old Fr.; nomen, 
Lat.}, The name of any thing in grammar, whether 
substance, mode, or relation. Clarke. 

NOU RICE*, mV-ris. n.s. [noun-ice, Fr.] A nurse. 
Oir T. Eluot. 

To NOU'RJSH $, nur'-rlsh. 31 i, r. a. [nourrir, Fr. ; 
iwirio, Lat.] To increase or support by food. Isa. 
xliv. To support; to maintain. Sliak. To en- 
courage ; to foment. Hooker. To train, or edu- 
cate. 1 Tim. iv. To promote growth or strength. 
Bacon. 

To NOU'RISH,n&r / -r?sh. v.n. To gain nourishment. 
Bacon. 

NOU RISH*, nur'-rlsh. n.s. A nurse. Lydgate. Ob. T. 

NOU'RISHABLE, mV-rish-a-bl. a. Susceptive of 
nourishment. Bp. Hall. 

NOU RISHER, nur'-rish-ur. 93. n. s. The person or 
thing that nourishes. Ruth. 

NOURISHMENT, nur'-ri'sh-ment. n. s. [nourisse- 
ment, Fr.] That which is given or received, in or- 
der to the support or increase of growth or strength ; 
food j sustenance 5 nutriment. Newton. Nutrition; 
support of strength. Milton. Sustentation ; supply 
of things needful Hooker. 

NOUR1TURE, n-V-re-ture. n.s. [nourriiure, Fr.] 
Education; institution. Spenser. 

To NOU'RSLE*, nur'-sL v. a. To nurse up. Spenser. 

NOU'PcSLING,nurs'-lmg. n.s. The creature nursed ; 
nursling. Spenser. 

To NOLPSLE §, pr To NOU'SEL, nuz'-zl. 102. v.a. 
[corrupted from nurslc] To nurse up. Shalcspeare. 

ToNOU'SLE.or To NOU'SEL, nuz'-zl. v.a. To 
entrap; to insnare : as in a noose or trap. 

NOVA'TIAN*. n6-va'-shan. n. s. The sect of Nova- 
tus, or Novatian.us, contemporaries, who united in 
asserting that the lapsed, upon no condition what- 
ever, might be received again into the peace and 
communion of the church ; and that second mar- 
riages were unlawful. Chr. Antiq. 

NOVA TIANISM*, no-va.'-shan-izm. n. s. The opin- 
ions of the Novatians. Bp. Hall. 

NOVATION, no-va'-sh&n. n.s. [novalio, Lat.] The 
introduction of something new. Abp. Laud. 

NO VATOR. no-va'-tur. 1GG, 521. n.s. [Lat.] The 
introducer of something new. 

NOVEL?, nov'-vel. 102. a. [nouvelle, Fr. ; novellus, 
Lat.] New; not ancient. King Charles. [In the 
civil law.] Appendant to the code, and of later 
enaction. Avlift'e. 

NO'VEL, nov -vel. re. s. [nouvdk, Fr.] Novelty. Syl- 
vester. A small tale, generally of love. Spenser. 
A law annexed to the code. Ayliffe. 

NOWELISM* nov'-vel-llzm. n. s. Innovation. Sir 
E. Bering. 

NOVELIST, nov'-vel-llst. n. s. Innovator ; asserter 
of novelty. Bacon. A writer of news. Tatler. A 
writer of novels, or tales. Warton. 

To NOVELIZE*, nov^-vel-lize. v.a. To innovate ; 
to change by introducing novelties. Brown. 

NCVELTY, nov'-vel-te. n. s. [nouvelle, old Fr.] 
Newness; state of being unknown to former times. 
Hooker. Fieshness ; recentness. South. 

NOVEMBER, n6-vem'-bar. n. s. [Lat.] The 
eleventh month of the year, or the ninth reckoned 
from March, which was, when the Romans named 
the months, accounted the first. I'eacham. 

NO'VENARY, ncV-en-a-re. n.s. [norenarius, Lat.] 
Number of nine; nine, collectively. Brown. 

{J3= I have followed Dr. Johnson and Entick, in the ac- 
centuation of this word, rather than Mr. Sheridan, who 
preserves the first vowel long, and places the accent on 
the second syllable. W. 



NOVENNIAL*, no-veV-ne-al. a. [nooemis, Lat.] 
Done every ninth year. Potter. 

NOVE'RCAL,n6-ver'-kal. a. [novercalis, from novo- 
ca, Lat.] Having the manner of a stepmother; be 
seeming a stepmother. Derham. 

NO \ ICE, nov'-vk 142. n.s. [novice, Fr.; novitius, 
Lat.] One not acquainted with any thing ; a fresh 
man ; one in the rudiments of any knowledge. 
Bacon. One who has entered a religious house, 
but not yet taken the vow; a probationer. Shak. 

NOVI'Tl ATE, n6-v'ish'-e-ate. 91. n. s. [noviciat, Fr.] 
The state of a novice ; the time in which the rudi- 
ments are learned. South. The time spent in a 
religious house, by way of trial, before the vow is 
taken. Burke. 

NO VI TIOUS*. n6-v?sh'-us. a. [novUius, Lat.] New- 
lv invented. Pearson. 

NOWITY, n&v'-e-te. n.s. [novitoj, Lat.] Newness; 
noveltv. Brown. 

NOW §, nou. 40, 322. ad. [nu, Su. Goth, and Sax.l At 
this time; at the time present. Gen. xlvi. A little 
while ago. Shak. At one time ; at another time. 
Pope. It is sometimes a particle of connexion : as, 
If this be true, he is guilty ; now this is true; there- 
fore he is guilty. Hooker. After this; since things 
are so. L' Estrange. — Now and Hum. At one time 
and another uncertainly. Hooker. 

NOW. ndu. u. s. Present moment. Cowley. 

NOWADAYS, n6u'-a-daze. ad. [now and adays T 
i. e. on days.] In the present age. Spenser. 

NO' WAY*, nfV-wa. ) ad. [no and watjs.] Not fa 

NO'WAYS*, nfV-waze. $ any manner or degree, 
Campbell. 

NO WED. a. [none, Fr.] Knotted ; inwreadiedJ?r<ttC7r, 

NO'WEL*, n6'-el. n. s. [noel, noilel, Fr.] A cry ol" 
jov ; originally, a shout of joy at Christmas. Chau- 
cer. Ob. T. 

NO WES, n6uz. ?i. s. [nou, old Fr.] The marriage 

knot. Crashaw. Ob. J. 
iNO'WHERE, n6'-hware. ad. Not in any place. 
| Hooker. 
j NO' WISE, no'-wlze. ad. [no and Mtuc] Not in any 

wanner or degree. Barrow. 
jNOWL*. SeeNouL. 

NO'XIOUS $,. nok'-shus. a. [noxius, Lat.] Hurtful 5 
harmful ; baneful. Brown. Guilty ; criminal, 
Bramhall. Unfavourable > unkindly. Swift. 

NO'XIOUSNESS, nok'-shus-nes. n. s. Hurtfulness ~, 
insalubrity. Hammond. 

NOXIOUSLY, nok'-shfis-lc:. ad. Hurtfully > perni- 
ciously. 

To NOY$, n5e. v.a. [noyen, Teat.] To annoy. Wic- 
liffe. Oh. J. 

NOT*, nSe. n. s. Annoy. Hist, of Sir Clyomon. Ob. T 

NO'YANCE, noe'-anse. n. "s. Mischief; inconve 
nience. SpeJiser. See Annoyance. 

NO'YER. n6e'-ur. n. s. One who annoys. Tusser 
Ob. J. ' 

NO'YFUL*, noeMul. a. Noisome > hurtful. Bale 
Ob. T. 

NO'YOUS, n6e'-us. a. [noioso T liah] Hurtful , trouble- 
some ; inconvenient. Wiclijf'e. Ob. J. 

NO'YSANCE*, noe'-sanse. ?i.s. Offence; trespass 5 
nuisance. Chaucer. Now Nuisance. 

NO'ZLE, n6z'-zl. 405. n. s. [nazal, old Fr.} The nose j 
the snout ; the end. Arbuthnot. 

To NU'BBLE, nub'-bl. v.a. [properly to knubbk.] 
To bruise with handy cuffs. Ainsicorth. 

NUBI'FEROUS, nu-b?f-fer-us. a. [nubifer, Lat.] 
Bringing clouds. Diet. 

To NU'BILATE, nu'-bfl-ate. v. a. [nufoYo, Lat.} To 
cloud. Did. 

NU'BILE, nu'-bii. 140. a. [Fr.; nubilis, Lat.] Mar- 
riageable ; fit for marriage. Prior. 

NU'BILOUS*, nu'-bll-us. a. Cloudy. Baileu. 

NUCI'FEROUS, nu-s?f-fer-Qs. 518. a. [ratces and 
cro, Lat.] Nutbearing. Diet. 
'V CLE US, nu'-kle-fis. n. s. [Lat. J A kernel ; any- 
thing about which rcaiter is gathered or conglo"- 
bated. Woodward. » 

NUDA'TION, nu-da'-shfin. n.s. 1 he act of making- 
bare or naked. 

637 



NU' 







NlTM 



NUR 



(P 8 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pln^-. 



NUDE §*, nude, a. [nwd, Fr; nwrfws, Lat.] Bare} 

naked. Huloet. 
NU'DITY, nu'-de-te. n.s. [nudite, Fr.] Naked parts; 

nakedness: poverty. Dryden. 
NU'EL. See Newel. 
NUGA'CITY, nu-gas'-se-te. n.s. [nugax,nugacis, 

Lat.] Futility ; trifling talk or behaviour. More. 
'WGA'TIONS, nu-ga'-sh&n. n.s. [nwg-or, Lat.] The 

act or practice of trifling. Bacon. 
NU'GATORY, niV-ga-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. Trifling; futile ; insignificant. Bentley. 
NUISANCE, nu'-sanse. 342. n. s. [Fr.] Something 
noxious or offensive. South. [In law.] Something 
that incommodes the neighbourhood. Kettleioell. 
To NULL§,n&l. v.a. [nullus, Lat.] To annul; to an- 
nihilate. Milton. 
NULL, nfil. a. Void; of no force; ineffectual. Dryd. 
NULL, nfil. n.s. Something of no power or no mean- 
ing. Bacon. 
NULLIBI'ETY, n&l-le-bl'-e-te. n.s. [nullibi, Lat.] 

The state of being nowhere. 
NULLIFI'DIAN*, n&l-le-fid'-e-an. a. [nullus and 
fides, Lat.] Of no honesty; of no religion; of no 
faith. FeUJvam. 
To NULLIFY, n&l'-le-fl. 183. v. a. [m^,Lat.] To 

annul ; to make void. South. 
NULLITY, nul'-le-te. n. s. [nulliti, Fr.] Want of 
force or efficacy. South. Want of existence. 
Bacon. 
NUMB §, num. 347. a. [benumen, benumeb, Sax.] 
Torpid ; chill ; motionless. Bacon. Producing 
chilness ; benumbing. Shakspeare. 
To NUMB, n&m. v.a. To make torpid; to make 
dull of motion or sensation ; to deaden ; to stupify. 
Milton. 
NUMBEDNESS, mW-ed-nes. 365. n.s. Torpor; 

interruption of sensation. Wiseman, 
To NU'MBER§ ; n&m'-bur. 98. v. a. [nombrer, Fr. ; 
numero, Lat.] To count ; to tell ; to reckon how 
many. Gen. xiii. To reckon as one of the same 
kind. Isaiah, liii. 
NUMBER, num'-bur. n.s. [nombre, Fr. ; numerus, 
Lat.] The species of quantity by which it is com- 
puted how many. Ezra, viii. Any particular ag- 
gregate of units, as even or odd." Shak. Many; 
more than one. Hooker. Multitude that may be 
cctsnted. Milton. Comparative multitude. Bacon. 
Aggregated multitude. Bacon. Harmony ; pro- 
portions calculated by rmmber. Milton. Verses; 
poetry. Milton. [In grammar.] In the noun is the 
variation or change of termination to signify a 
number more than one. Clark. 
NUMBERER, num'-bur-fir. n. s. He who numbers. 

Sherwood. 
NUMBERFUL*, niW-bfir-ful. a. Many in number. 

Waterhouse. Ob. T. 
NUMBERLESS, nanV-bur-les. a. Innumerable; 

more than can be reckoned. Stilton. 
NUMBERS*, n&m'-burz. n. s. pi. The title of the 

fourth book in the Old Testament. Bp. Patrick. 
NUMBLES, num'-blz. 359. n. s. [tumbles, Fr.] The 

entrails of a deer. Sir T.Elyot. 
NUMBNESS, niW-nes. 347. n. s. Torpor ; interrup- 
tion of action or sensation ; deadness ; stupefac- 
tion. Milton. 
NUMERABLE, na'-mer-a-bl. 405. a. Capable to be 

numbered. Sir T. Herbert. 
NU'MERAL, nu'-mer-al. 38. a. [numeral, Fr.] Re- 
lating to number ; consisting of number. Locke. 
NUMERAL*, nu'-mer-al. n. s. A numeral character 

or letter. Astle. 
NUMERALLY, nu'-mer-al-le. ad. According to 

number. Brown. 
NU'MERARY, nu'-mer-a-re. 512. a. Any thing be- 
longing to a certain number. Ayliffe. 
To NU'MERATE*, nu'-mgr-ate. v.n. To reckon; 

to calculate. Lancaster. 
NUMERATION, nu-mer-a'-shun. n. s. The art of 
numbering. Locke. Number contained. Brown. 
The rule of arithmetick which teaches the notation 
of numbers, and method of reading numbers regu- 
larly noted. 



NUMERA* TOR, nu'-mer-a-tar. 521. n.s. [Lat.] 

He that numbers, [numerateur, Fr.] That num- 

oer which serves as the common measure to others. 
NUMERICAL, nu-mer'-rfk-ul. 509. a. Numeral ; 

denoting number. Locke. The same not only in 

kind or species, but number. South. 
NUMERICALLY, nu-meV-rfk-al-le. ad. With re- 
spect to sameness in number. Boyle. 
NUME'RICK*, nu-mer'-rfk. a. The same in species 

and number. Hudibras. 
NUMERIST, nu'-mer-!si. n.s. One that deals in 

numbers. Brown. 
NUMERO'SITY, nu-mer-ros'-se-te. n.s. Number; 

the state of being numerous. Brown. Harmony ; 

numerous flow. Parr. 
NU'MEROUS, nu'-mgr-r&s. 314. a. [numeroms, Lat.] 

Containing many; consisting of many; not few; 

many. Bacon. Harmonious; consisting of parts 

rightly numbered ; melodious ; musicak Waller. 
NU'MEROUSNESS, nu'-mer-r&s-nes. n.s. The 

quality or stale of being numerous. L. Addison 

Harmony ; musicalness. Dryden. 
NUMI'SMATICKS* nu-mlz'-ma-t?ks. n. s. pi. [nu 

mismata, Lat.] The science of coins and medals. 
NU'MMARY, mW-ma-re. a. [nummus, Lat.] Re 

lating to money. Arbulhnot. 
NU'MMULAR, iuW-mu-lar. a. [nummularius, Lat.] 

Relating to money. Diet. 
NUMPS*, nfimps. n. s. [probably from numb, dull.] 

A cant expression for a weak, foolish person. Bp. 

Parker. 
NUMSKULL, num'-skul. n.s. [numb and skull.] A 

dullard; a dunce ; a dolt; a blockhead. 1 Arbuth- 

not. The head : in burlesque. Prior. 
NUMSKULLED, nfim'-skfild. 362. a. Dull ; stupid; 

doltish. Arbuthnot. 
NUN §, nun. n. s. [nunne, Sax. ; nonne, Fr.] A woman 

dedicated to the severer duties of religion, secluded 

in a cloister from the world, and debarred by a 

vow from the converse of men. Hammond. 
NUN, non. n. s. The blue titmouse. Slierwood. A 

small kind of pigeon. 
NUNCHION, nun'-shun. n.s. [corrupted fromnoorc- 

shun, a meal eaten about noon.] A piece of victuals 

eaten between meals. Browne. 
NU'NCIATURE, nun'-she-a-ture. n. s. The office of 

a nuncio. Clarendon. 
NU'NCIO, mV-she-6. 357. n. s. [Ital. ; from nuncio, 

Lat.T A messenger ; one that brings tidings. Sliak. 

A kind of spiritual envoy from the pope. Atterbury. 
To NUNCUPATE §* nttn'-ku-pate. v.a. [nuncupo, 

Lat.] To declare publickly or solemnly. Barrow. 
NUNCUPATION*, nun-ku-pa'-shun. n.s. The act 

of naming. Chaucer. Oh. T. 
NUNCUPATIVE, nun-ku'-pa-tlv. ? ' 

NUNCUPA'TORY, nfin-ku'-pa-ifir-re. 512. $ 

[riuncupatus, Lat.] Publickly or solemnly declara- 
tory. Fotherby. Verbally pronounced ; not written. 

Blackstone. 
£CT Dr. Johnson and Mr. Barclay have very improperly 

accented these two words upon the third syllable ; W. 

Johnston and Bailey, on the first; but Dr. Ash, Entick, 

and Mr. Sheridan, more correctly, in my opinion, on the- 

second. W. 

NU'NDIN AL §, nun'-de-nal. \ a. [mmdinal, Fr. ; 

NUND1NARY §, nun'-de-nar-e. £ from nundince, 
Lat.] Belonging to fairs. Diet. 

To NU'NDIN ATE*, nun'-de-nate. v.n. To buy 
and sell as at fairs. Cocker am. 

NUNDINA'TION* nun-de-na'-shun. n. s. Traffick 
at fairs and markets. Bp. Bramliall. 

NU'NNERY, ntin'-nur-e. 554. n. s. A house of nuns. 
Dryden. 

NU'PTIAL §,nfip'-,shal. 88. a. [nuptial, Fr. ; nuptialis, 
Lat.] Pertaining to marriage; constituting mar- 
riage ; used in marriage. Bacon. 

NUPTIALS, nup'-shalz. n. s. [like the Latin with- 
out singular.] [nuptiae, Lat.] Marriage. Dryden. 

NURSE §, nurse, n.s. [nojiice, Sax.] A woman 
that has the care of another's child. Raleigh. A 
woman that has the care of a sick person. Shak. 
One who breeds, educates, or protects. Shak. Art 



NUT 



NYS 



-no. m&ve. nor. not ;— tube, tub, bull; — 611 j — pd&nd 3 — thin, THis. 



old woman, in contempt. Blackmore. The state 
of being uursed. Cleaveland. [In composition.] 
Any thinff that supplies food Daries. 

To NURSE, nurse, v. a. To bring- up a child or any 
thing- young. Wisd. vii. To bring up a child not 
one's own. Er. ii. To feed ; to keep} to maintain. 
Isaiali, lx. To tend the sick. To pamper ; to fo- 
ment ; to encourage. Davies. 
NU'RSER, nur'-sor. 98. n. s. One that nurses. Sha/c. 

A promoter; a fomenter. 
NU'RSERY, inV-sfir-re. 554. n. s. The act or office 
of nursing. Sliak. That which is the object of a 
nurse's care. Milton. A plantation of young trees 
to be transplanted to other ground. Bacon. Place 
where young children are nursed and brought up. 
Bacon. The place or state where any thing is fos- 
tered or brought up. Spenser. 

NU'RSLING, nurs'-hng. 410. n. s. One nursed up ; 
a fondling. Spenser. 

NU'RTURE§, ndrMshure. 461. n. s. [nourriture, 
Fr.l Food; diet. Milton. Education; institution. 
Ephes. vi. 

TV? NURTURE, nur'-tshure. t>. a. To educate; to 
train; to bring up. Wotton. — To nurture up. To 
bring bv care and food to maturity. Bentkij. 

ToNU'STLE, nfW-s'l. 472. r. a. To fondle; to 
cherish. See To Nuzzle. Amsworth. 

NUT$, nut. n. s. [hnut, Sax.] The fruit of certain 
trees ; it consists of a kernel covered by a hard 
shell. If the shell and kernel are in the centre of a 
pulpy fruit, they then make not a nut but a stone. 
Arbuthnot. A small body with teeth, which cor- 
respond with the teeth of wheels. Wilkins. 

To NUT*, nut. v. n. To gather nuts. A. Wood. 

NUTATION*, nu-ta'-shftn. n. s. [nutatio, Lat.] A 
kind of tremulous motion of the axis of the earth. 
Wakefield, 

NUTBROWN, nfit'-broun. a. Brown like a nut kept 
long. Milton. 

NUTCRACKERS, nfit'-krak-k&rz. n. s. An instru- 
ment used to enclose nuts, and break them by 
pressure. Addison. 

NUTGALL, nut'-gal. n.s. Hard excrescence of an 
oak. Brown. 

NUTHATCH, nut'-hatsh. } M . , • A .. 

NU'TJOBBER, nut'-j&b-bar. V 1 '*' t? 

NUTPECKER. nfit'-pek-kftr. S W , 

NUTHOOK, n&t'-hook. n.s. A stick with a hook at 
the end to pull down boughs that the nuts may be 



gathered. The name of a person who stole goods 
out at windows, by means of a pole with a hook at 
the end of it. SliaJcspeare. 

NUTMEG, nut'-meg. n. s. [nut and muguette, Fr.l 
A kernel of a large fruit not,un)ike the peach. Hill. 

NUTRICATION, nu-tre-ka'-shfin. n. s. [nutricatio, 
Lat.l Manner of feeding or being fed. 

NUTRIMENTS, nu'-tre-ment. n.s. [nutrimentum, 
Lat.l That which feeds or nourishes ; food ; aliment. 
Sliakspeare. 

NUTRIME'NTAL, nu-tre-meV-tal. 88. a. Having 
the qualities of food ; alimental. Arbuthnot. 

NUTRITION, nn-trish'-un. n.s. [nutritio, Lat.] The 
act or quality of nourishing, supporting strength, or 
increasing growth. Glanville. That which nour- 
ishes; nutriment. Pope. 

NUTRITIOUS, nu-trish'-fis. £14. a. Having the 

auality of nourishing. Philips. 
TRITIVE, mV-tre-uY 158. a. Nourishing; nu- 
trimental ; alimental. Bp. Taylor. 
NUTRITURE, mV-tre-ture. [nu'-tre-tsh65r, Sheri- 
dan.] n.s. The power of nourishing. Harvey. Ob. J. 

NUTSHELL, nfit'-shel. n. s. The hard substance 

, that encloses the kernel of the nut. Shak. It is 
used proverbially for any thing of little value. 
V Estrange. 

NUTTREE, nfit'-tre. n. s. A tree that bears nuts 5 
commonly a hazel. Peacham.' 

To NU ZZLE, nfiz'-zl. 405. v. a. [corrupted from 
noursle.] To nurse ; to foster. Sidney. To nestle J 
to house, as in a nest. Stafford. 

To NU ZZLE, nuz'-zl. v. n. To go with the nose 
down like a hog. ArhuUinot. 

NY'CTALOPS*, nlk'-ta-lops. n.s. [™kt<£Xu»J/.] One 
who sees best in the night. Coles. 

NY'CTALOPY*, nfV-ta-16-pe. n. s. A disease or in- 
disposition of the eye, in which a person sees bet- 
ter by night than by day. 

NYE of Pheasants*. A brood of pheasants. See 
Eye. 

NYMPH $, n?mf. 413. n. s. [vfy^T/, Gr. ; nympha, Lat.l 
A goddess of the woods, meadows, or waters. A 
lady : in poetry. Waller. 

NY'MPHISH, nlmf-lsh. a. Relating to nymphs; 
ladylike. Drayton. 

NY'MPHLIKE*, nlmf-llke. ) a. Resembling a 

NY'MPHLY*, n?mf-le. ) nymph. Drayton. 

NYS, nis. [a corruption of ne is.] None is j not is, 
Spenser. Ob. J. 



OAK 



OAT 



06. 161. O has, in English, a long sound ; as, 
} drone, groan, stone ; cr short, as got, knot, shot. 
It is usually denoted long by a servile a subjoined; 
as, moan ; or by e at the end of the syllable;, as, 
bone : when these vowels are not appended, it is 
generally short, except before // ; as, droll, scroll ; 
and even then sometimes short ; as, loll. O is used 
as an interjection of wishing or exclamation. De- 
cay o/Chr. Piety. 
O, 6. n. s. A circle or oval. Shakspearc. 
OAD*, 6de. n. s. Woad; a plant used in dyeing. B. 

Jonson. 
OAF 5, 6fe. 295. n. s. [a corruption of ouph.] A 
changeling; a foolish child left by the fairies. 
Drayton. A dolt ; a blockhead ; an idiot. Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. 
OA'FISH, ofe'-ish. a. Stupid; dull; doltish. 
OA'FISHNESS, 6fe'-!sh-nes. n. s. Stupidity; dul- 

ness. 
OAK $, 6ke. 295. n. s. [ac, sec, Sax.] The oa£-tree. 

Miller. 
OAK Evergreen, n. s. A tree, with an acorn like the 

common oak. 
OA'KAPPLE, oke'-ap-ol. n. s. A kind of spongy ex- 
crescence on the oak, Bacon. 
OA'KEN, 6'-kn. 103 a. Made of oak ; gathered from 
oak. Bacon. 



OA'KENPIN, i'-kn-pfn. n.s. An apple. Mortimer. 
OA'KLING*. ike'-ling. n. s. A young oak. Eve 

lyn. 
OA'KUM, i'-kum. n. s. Cords untwisted and reduced 

to hemp, with which, mingled with pitch, leaks are 

stopped. Raleigh. 
OAKY*, 6'-ke. a. Hard as oak. Bp. Hall 
OAR§, ore. 295. n.s. [ane, Sax.] A long pole with 

a Broad end, by which vessels are driven in the 

water. Shakspeare. 
To OAR, ore. v. n. To row. Pope. 
To OAR, ore. v. a. To impel by rowing. Shakspeare. 
OA'RY, 6'-re. a. Having the form or use of oars. 

Milton. 
OAST, 6ste. n.s. [ustus, Lat.] A kiln for drying hops. 

Mortimer. 
OAT §*, 6te. n. s. [ate, Sax.] A grain ; rarely used 

in the singular number, except in composition ; as, 

oat-siraw. Gayton. A small pipe made of an oaten 

straw. Milton. See Oats. 
OATCA'KE, 6te'-kake. 295. n.s. Cake made of the 

meal of oats. Peacham. 
OATEN, 6'-tn. 103. a. Made of oats ; bearing oats. 

Shakspeare. 
OATH $, bth. 295. n. s. [aith, Goth. ; aS, Sax.l An af- 
firmation, negation, or promise, corroborated by the 

attestation of the Divine Being. Bacon. 
639 



OBD 














OBE 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate 


f^r, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, mel ;- 


—pine 


pin 3— 



OA'THABLE, otfi'-a-bl. a. Capable of having an 

oath administered. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
OATHBREA'KING, 6//i'-bra.-king. n.s. Perjury; 

the violation of an oath. Sliakspeare. 
OA'TMALT, 6te / -malt. n. s. Malt made of oats. 

Mortimer. 
OA'TMEAL, 6t'-m&e. or Ate'-mele. 295. n. s. Flour 

made by grinding oats. Arbuthnot. 
OA'TMEAL, dte'-mele. «. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
OATS, 6tes. n. s. [afcen, Sax.] A grain, which in 
England is generally given to horses, but in Scot- 
land supports the people. Milbzr. 
OA'TTHISTLE, dte'-i/ils-sl. n. s. An herb. Ains- 

wortlu 
To OBA / MBULATE§*,6b-am / -bu-late. v.n. [obam- 

bulo, Lat.] To walk about. Cockeram. Ob. T. 
OBAiMBULATION, ob-am-bu-la'-shun. n. s. The 

act of walking about. Diet. 
OBDORMI'TION*, 6b-ddr-m?sh / -fin. n. s. [obdor- 

mio, Lat.] Sleep ; rest ; repose. Bp. Hall. 
To OBDU'CE$, 6b-duse'. v. a. [obduco, Lat.] To 

draw over as a covering. Hale. 
OBDU'CTIQN, 6b-duk'-shun. n. s. [pbductio, Lat.] 
The act of covering, or laying a cover. Cockeram. 
OBDU'RACY, ob'-ju-ra-se, or ob-diV-ra-se. 293, 
294. n. s. Inflexible wickedness ; impenitence ; 
hardness of heart. South. 
D5= W. Johnston and Entick aro the only orthoepists who 
adopt the first mode of accenting this word ; while Dr. 
Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Buchan- 
an, Perry, and Barclay, adopt the last. Mr. Scott adopts 
both, but seems to give the latter the preference by 
placing it first. The accentuation of this word must 
be determined by that of obdurate, from which it is de- 
rived. It seems, however, to follow the example of ac- 
curacy, procuracy, &c, in throwing the accent on the 
first syllable. As there are some terminations which 
seem to attract the accent to the latter syllables, aa 
ator, end, &c, as spectator, observator, &cc, comprehend, 
apprehend, &c, so there are others that seem to repel it | 
to the beginning of the word, as acy, ary, &c, as effica- 
cy, optimacy, contumacy, &c, salutary, tributary, ad- 
versary, &c. The word in question seems to be of the 
latter class, and therefore more analogically pronounced 
with the accent on the first than on the second syllable. 
—See Obdurate. W. 

OBDU'RATES, 6b'-ju-rate, or 6b-diV-rate. 91, 293, 
294, 503. a. [obduratus, Lat.] Hard of heart ; in- 
flexibly obstinate in ill; hardened ; impenitent. 
Shak. Hardened ; firm ; stubborn. Hooker. Harsh; 
rugged. 

D^jT This word is pronounced with the accent on the 
second syllable by Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ken- 
rick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston. Mr. Barclay, 
Buchanan, and Mr. Perry ; and on the first by Bailey, 
Entick, and W. Johnston. Mr. Scott accents it either 
on the first or second, but seems to give the preference 
to the latter. The poets are decidedly in favour of the 
penultimate accent ; and when the usage of poetry does 
not contradict any plain analogy ofprosaick pronuncia- 
tion, it certainly has a respectable authority. But the 
verb to indurate is a word of exactly the same form, and 
has the same derivation ; and yet Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Barclay, and 
Entick, place the accent on the first syllable:- and my 
observation fails me if there is not a strong propensity 
jn custom to place the accent on the first syllable of 
the word in question. This propensity, as there is a 
plain analogy in favour of it, ought, in my opinion, to be 
indulged. To indurate is a verb derived from the Latin 
induro, forming its participle in atus ; and words of this 
kind are generally anglicised by the termination ate, and 
have the accent at least as high as the antepenultimate: 
thus, from depuro, propago, desolo, &c, are formed to 
depurate, to propagate, to desolate, &.c, and, without 
recurring to the Latin induratus, we form the regular 
participle indurated from the verb to indurate. But, 
though there is the Latin verb obduro, we have not 
formed an English verb from it in ate, as in the former 
case, but derive the adjective obdurate from the Latin 
participial adjective obduratus ; and no analogy can be 
more uniform than that of removing the accent two 
syllables higher than in the original : thus, desperate, 
profligate, and defecate, have the accent on the first 
syllable, and desperatus, pr oflig atus, and dej 'meatus, on 
thft third Agreeably, therefore, to every analogy of 
derivation, obdurate ought to have the accent on the 
first syllable ; and, as poets have adopted the other ac- 



centuation, we must, as in medicinal, and in some other 
words, admit of a poetical and a prosaick pronunciation, 
rather than cross so clear an analogy in favour of poe- 
try, which is so freque ,tly at variance with prose, and 
sometimes with itself.— See Academv and Incom- 
parable. W. 

To OBDU'RATE^Sb'-ju-rate, or ob-du'-rate. v. a. 
To harden ; to make obdurate. More. 

OBDURATELY, 6b'-ju-rat-le. ad. Stubbornly; in- 
flexibly ; impenitent.ly. 

OBDU'RATENESS, 6b'-ju-rat-nes. n. s. Stubborn- 
ness; inflexibility; impenitence. Hammond. 

OBDURATION; 6b-j,Wa'-shun. n. s. Hardness of 
heart; stubbornness. Hooker. 

To OBDU'RE*, 6b-dure / . v. a. [obd?iro, Lat.] To 
harden. Sir T. Herbert. To render inflexible ; to 
make obdurate. Bp. Hall. 

OBDU'REDNESS*, 6b-dure / -ed-nes. n. s. Hard- 
ness; stubbornness. Bp. Hall. 

OBE'DIENCE, 6-be / -je-§nse. 203, 376. n. s. [obedi- 
ence, Fr.] Obsequiousness ; submission to authority. 
Rom. vi. 

OCT" The o, which forms the first, syllable of this word, 
though not under the accent, may occasionally be pro- 
nounced as long and open as the o in oval, over , &c, (see 
Efface ;) and though in rapid pronunciation it admits 
of a short, obscure sound, common to some of the other 
vowels when unaccented, yet its radical sound, or that 
which it acquires on the least distinctness or solemni- 
ty, is undoubtedly tho long, open o before mentioned. 
Thus in that fugitive pronunciation, which has no ex- 
istence but in the ear, and can hardly be expressed to 
the eye by a correspondent sounu, we perceive very 
little difference in the sound of the initial vowels of 
abound, upbraid, and obedience ; yet, the moment we 
dwell with the least distinctness on these letters, the a, 
in abound, verges to the a in father ; the u has the 
short sound we hear in the preposition up ; and the 
o in obedience becomes open, as the first sound of that 
letter in the alphabet. The same may be observed of 
the o in opaque, opinion, and every initial o ending a 
syllable immediately before the accent. — See Princi- 
ples, No. 98. W. 

OBET)IENT$, 6-be'-je-ent. a. [obediens, Lat.] Sub- 
missive to authority ; compliant with command or 
prohibition; obsequious. 2 Cor. ii. 

OBEDIENTIAL, o-be-je-en'-shal. a. [obediehtiel, 
Fr.] According to the rule of obedience. Wake. 

OBE'DIEINTLY, o-be'-je-ent-le. ad. With obedience. 
Tillotsm. 

OBEISANCE, 6-ba'-sanse. 250. n. s. [obeisance, Fr.] 
A bow; a courtesy; an act cf reverence made by 
inclination of the body or knee. 1 Kings, i. 

$5=- 1 must retract my former pronunciation of this word, 
which made the diphthong ei like e in obedience, and 
adopt the sound of a as in the ey of obey. For the for- 
mer sound we have Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. 
Perry ; and for the latter Mr. Nares ; Mr. Elphinston, 
Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston. But, if the authorities 
tor this pronunciation were less weighty than they are, 
analogy would be clearly on the side I have adopted, 
as ei, when under the accent, is much more -frequently 
pronounced like ey in obey than like ey in key ; the lat- 
ter word and ley being the only exceptions to the gen- 
eral rule of pronouncing ey when accented ; and these 
letters, we know, are perfectly equivalent to ei. 296. W. 

OBELFSCAL*, ob-e-lis'-kal. a. In form of an obe- 
lisk. Stukeleij. 

O'BELISK, 6b / -e-l'isk. ». 5. [obeliscus, Lat.] A high 
piece of marble, or stone, having usually four faces, 
and lessening upwards by degrees, till it ends in a 
point like a pyramid. Harris. A mark of censure 
m the margin of a book, in the form of a dagger 
[t]. Grew. 

To OBE'QUITATE §*, ob-eV-kwe-tate. v.n. [ob- 
equito, Lat.] To ride about. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

OBEQUITA'TION, 6b-£k-kwe-ta / -sh5n. n. s. The 
act of riding about. Cockeram. 

OBERRA'TION, ob-eV-ra'-shun. n, s. [oberro, Lat.] 
The act of wandering about. 

OBE'SE $, 6-bese'. a. [pbesus, Lat.] Fat ; loaden with 
flesh. Gay ton. 

OBE'SENESS, 6-bese'-nes. ) n. s. Morbid fatness; 

OBE'SITY, 6-beV-se-te. ) incumbrance of flesh. 
Grew. 

640 



OBL 



OBN 



indve, nor, not ; — tube, tftb, hull ; — All ; — pound ; — thin, this. 



One who obeys. Price. 
a. To resolve ; to harden 



2VOBE Y$, d-bi'. v. a. [obeir, Fr.] To pay submis- 
sion to ; to comply with, from reverence to audiori- 
ty. Rom. vi. 

OBETER* 6-ba'-nr. n. s 

7V>OBFI'RM*,db-f«W.r 

in resolution, Bp. Hall. 

To OBFI RMATE*, db-fer'-mate. v. a. [obfirmo, 
Lat.] To resolve; to harden in determination. 
Sluldon. Ob. T. 

ToOBFlFSCATES*, ftb-ffis'-kate. v. a. [ob and 
fusro, Lat.l To darken. Walerhouse. 

OBFU'SCATE*, db-ffis'-kate. part. a. Darkened. 
Sir T. Elyot. 

OBFUSCA'TION*, 6b-f5s-ka / -shun. n. 5. The act 
of darkening. 

OBIT, 6 / -bit. n. s. [a corruption of the Lat. olriit, or 
obivit.] Funeral solemnity; anniversary service 
for the soul of the deceased, on the day of his death. 
Mountagu. 

OBITUARY*, 6-bitsh'-u-a-re. n. s. [obituaire, old 
Fr.] A list of the dead ; a register of burials. 

OBJECT^, ob'-jekt. 492. 71. s. [objet, Fr.; objection, 
Lat.l Thai about which any power or faculty is 
employed. Hammond. Something presented to 
the senses to raise any affection or emotion in the 
mind, Milton. [In grammar.] Any thing influenced 
by somewhat else. Clarke. 

To OBJECT, 6b-jekt ; . v. a. [objector, Fr.; objicio, 
ubjectum, Lat.] To oppose ; to present in opposi- 
tion. Pope. To propose as a charge criminal, or a 
reason adverse. Hooker. 

OBJECT*, ob'-jekt. part. a. Opposed ; presented in 
opposition. Abp. Sandys. 

OBJE'CTABLE*, ob-jek'-la-bl. a. That may be 
opposed. Bp. Taylor. The word is now objec- 
tionable. 

O'BJECTGLASS, ob'-jekt-glas. n. s. Glass of an 
optical instrument remotest from the eye. Newton. 

OBJECTION, ob-jek'-sW n. s. [Fr. ; objeclio, 
Lat.] The act of presenting any thing in oppo- 
sition. Criminal charge. Sliak. Adverse argu- 
ment. Bacon. Fault found. 

OBJECTIONABLE*, db-jek'-shfin-a-bl. a. Ex- 
posed or liable to objection. 

OBJECTIVE*, &b-jek'-tiv. [db-ieJtMlv, Bailey, 
Ash, Entick, Perry, and Jones : ob'-jek-uV, Sheri- 
dan.'] a. [objectif, Fr.; objectus, Lat.] Belonging to 
the object ; contained in the object. Wolfs. Made 
an object; proposed as an object; residing in ob- 
jects. Hale. [In grammar.] A case which follows 
the verb active, or the preposition, answers to the 
oblique cases in Latin, and maybe properly enough 
called the objective case. Lnu-th. 

OBJECTIVELY, ob-jek'-tlv-le. ad. In manner of 
an object. Locke. In the state of an object. 
Brown. 

OBJECTIVENESS, 6b-jek'-tfv-nes. n. s. The slate 
of being an object. Hale. 

OBJECTOR. 6b-jek / -tur. 166. n. s. One who offers 
objections. Blaclcmore. 

To OBJU'RGATE S, ob-j&r'-gate. v. a. [pbjurgo, 
Lat.] To chide ; to reprove. Cockeram. 

OBJURGATION, 6b-jur-ga'-sh&n. n.s. [oldFr.; 
objurgalio, Lat.] Reproof; reprehension. B ram- 
hall. 

OBJURGATORY, ob-j&r'-ga-tur-re. a. Reprehen- 
sory; culpatory; chiding. Howell. 

J£5= For the last 0, see Domestic k ; and, for the accent. 
No. 512. W. 

OBLA'TE, ob-late'. a. [oblatus, Lat.] Flatted at the 
poles : used of a speroid. Cheyne. 

OBLATION, ob-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; oblatus, Lat.] 

An offering; a sacrifice. Sidney. 
To OBLATRATE*, 6b-la'-trate. v. n. [oblatro, 
Lat.] To bark or rail against any one. Cockeram. 
ToOBLECTATES*, d-b-lek'-tat'e. v. a. [oblecter, 
Fr. ; oblecto. Lat.l To delight. Cotgrave. 

OBLECTA'TION; 6b-lek-ta'-shun. n. s. Delight; 

pleasure. Feltlxam. 
To OBLIGATE §, ob'-le-gate. v. a. [pbligo, Lat.] 

To bind by contract or duty. 
OBLIGATION, 6b-le-ga / -sh&n. n. s. [obligalio, Lat.] 
81 



The binding power of any oath, vow, duty ; con- 
tract. Bacon. An act which binds any man to 
some performance. Bp. Taylor. Favour by which 
one is bound to gratitude. South. 

OBLFGA'TO*, 6b-le-ga'-t6. a. [Ital.] A musical 
term, signifying necessary, on purpose, for the in 
strument named. 

OBLIGATORY, 6b'-le-ga-to.r-e. 512. a. [obliga- 
loire, Fr.] Imposing an obligation; binding; coer- 
cive. Bacon. 

To OBLIGES, 6-blldje', or o-bleedjV. 111. [6- 
blldje', or 6-bleedje', Sheridan; 6-bleedje', or 6- 
blldje', Perry; 6-bleedje', Jones.] v. a. [obliger 
Fr. ; obligo, Lat.] To bind ; to impose obligation; 
to compel to something. White. To indebt; to lay 
obligations of gratitude. Waller. To please ; lo 
gratify. South. 

OBJLIGE'E, ob-le-jee'. n. s. The person to whom 
another, called the obligor, is bound by a legal or 
written contract. Cowel. 

OBLI'GEMENT, 6-blldje'-ment,or 6-bleedje'-ment. 
n. s. Obligation. Milton. 

OBLFGER, 6-bll'-jur, or 6-b)ee'-jur. n. s. That 
which imposes obligation. Wo'llon. One wlw» 
binds by contract. 

OBLIGING, 6-bll'-jing, or 6-blee'-jing. part. a. [obh 
geant, Fr.] Civil ; complaisant ; respectful ; en- 
gaging. Addison. 

OB.L1 GINGLY, o-bli'-jing-le, or 6-blee'-jing-le. ad. 
Civilly ; complaisantly. Addison. 

OBLI GINGNESS, 6-bll'-j?ng-nes, or 6-blee/-j?ng- 
nes. n. s. Obligation; force. Hammond. Civilityj 
complaisance. Walton. 

OBLI'GOR*. ob-le-gor'. See Obligee. 

OBLIQUATION, ob-le-kwa'-shun. n. s. [obliqua 
tio, Lat.] Declination from straightness or perpen- 
dicularity; obliquity. Newton. 

OBLFQJJES,6b-like'. 158,415. [ob-leek', Jones. 
ob-leek', or ob-llke', Perry.] a. [Fr. ; obliquus, 
Lat.] Not direct ; not perpendicular ; not paral- 
lel. Bacon. Indirect; by a side glance. Sluik. 
[In grammar.] Any case in nouns except the nomi- 
native. 

OBLFQUELY, 6b-likeMe. ad. Not directly; not 
perpendicularly. Brown. Not in the immediate 
or direct meaning. Fell. 

OBLFQUENESS. ob-llke'-nes. ) n. s. [obliquite 

OBLIQUITY, ob-luV-we-te. \. Fr.] Deviation 
from physical rectitude; deviation from parallel- 
ism or perpendicularity. Milton. Deviation from 
moral rectitude. Hooker. 

To OBLITERATES, ob-lit'-ter-rate. v. a. [oblitero, 
Lat.] To efface any thing written. To wear out ; 
to destroy ; to efface. Hale. 

OBLITERATION, &b-lTt-ter-ra'-shun. n. s. Efface- 
ment; extinction. Hale. 

OBLFVIONS, 6-bhV-ve-un. 113.7*. s. [oblivio, Lat.] 
Forgetfulness ; cessation of remembrance. Sliak 
Amnesly; general pardon of crimes in a state. 
[ Davies. 

OBLFVIOUS, 6-bhV-ve-os. a. [obliviosus, Lat.] 
I Causing forgetfulness. SJiak. Forgetful. Cavendish. 
I OBLOCUTOR* 6b'-l6-ku-tfir. n. s. [Lat.] A gain 
i sayer. Bale. Ob. T. 

j O'BLONG S, ob'-long. a. [Fr. ; oblongus, Lat.] Long 
1 er than broad. Harris. 
j OBLONGLY. db'-long-le. ad. Li an oblong form. 

O'BLONGNESS, 6b'-long-nes. n.s. The state ol 
J being oblong. 

OBLO'QUIOUS*, ob-lo'-kwe-us. a. Reproachful. 
I Naunton. 

! O'BLOQUYS, obMo-kwe. 345. n.s. [pbloquor, Lat.] 
1 Censorious speech ; blame ; slander. Hooker. 

Cause of reproach ; disgrace. Shakspeare. 
(OBLUCTA'TION*, ob-luk-ta'-shun. n. s. [oblucior, 
I Lat.] Opposition ; resistance. Fotherby. 

OBMUTE'SCENCE, ob-mo-tes'-seW. 510. n.s. 
[obmutesco, , Lat.] Loss of speech. Brown. Obser- 
vation of silence. Paley. 

OBNO'XIOUSS^b-n&k'-shfls. a. [obnoxius. Lat.] 
Subject. Bacon. Liable to punishment. Calamy. 
Reprehensible. Fell. Liable; exposed. Milton. 



OBS 
















OBS 


IT? 559.- 


-Fate, 


far, 


fall, 


fat;- 


-me, 


met; 


— pine 


pfaj— 



OBNO'XIOUSNESS, db-ndk'-shfls-nSs. n. s. Sub- 

jection ; liableness to punishment. Bp. Hall. 
OBNO'XIOUSLY, db-nok'-shus-le. ad. In a state of 
subjection ; in the state of one liable to punishment. 
To OBIN UBILATE §, db-niV-be-late. v. a. [obnubilo, 

Lat.] To cloud ; to obscure. Burton. 
OBNUBILATION*, 6b-nu-be-la'-shfin. n. s. The 
act of making- obscure. Waterhouse. 

O'BOLE, ob'-ole. 543, 544. n. s. [obolus, Lat.] [In 
pharmacy.] Twelve grains. Ainsworth. 

OBRE'PTION $, ob-rep'-shun. n. s. [obreptio. Lat.] 
The act of creeping on with secrecy or by surprise. 
Cudworth, 

OBREPTI'TIOUS*, ob-rep-lW-os. a. Secretly ob- 
tained ; done with secrecy. 
To (ABROGATE, 6b'-r6-gate. v. a. [obrogo, Lat.] 
To proclaim a contrary law for the dissolution of 
the former. Diet 

OBSCE'NE §, 6b-seen / . a. [obscene. Fr. ; obsccemts, 
Lat.] Immodest ; not agreeable to chastity of mind ; 
causing lewd ideas. Milton. Offensive; disgust- 
ing. Dn./den. Inauspicious; ill-omened. Dryden. 

OBSCE'NF.LY.ob-seen'-le. ad. In an impure and 
unchaste manner. Milton. 

OBSCE'NENESS, ob-seen'-nes. ; 511. ». s. [ohscmi- 

OBSCE'NITY, 6b-seV-ne-ie. \ te',Fr.] Impuri- 
ty of thought or language ; unchastity ; lewdness. 
B. Jonson. 

OBSCURA'TION,6b-sku-ra'-.,han.n. s. [obscurJAo, 
Lat.] The act of darkening. A state of being 
darkened. Burnet. 

OBSCURE 9, 6b-skire'. a. [obscurus, Lat.] Dark ; 
unenlightened; gloomy; hindering sight. Prov. 
xx. Living in the dark. Shak. Not easily intelli- 
gible ; abslruse ; difficult. Dnjden. Not noted ; 
not observable. Davits. 

To OBSCURE, ob-skiire'. v. a. [obscuro, Lat.] To 
darken ; to make dark. Shak. To make less visi- 
ble. Shak. To make less intelligible. Holder. To 
make less glorious, beautiful, or illustrious. Dnj- 
den. To conceal ; to make unknown. Milton. 

OBSCURELY, ob-skure'-le. acL Not brightly ; not 
luminously; darkly. May. Out of sight; private- 
ly ; without notice ; not conspicuously. Milton. Not 
clearly ; not plainly. Milton. 

OBSCURENESS, ob-skure'-nes. )n.s. [ohscuritas, 

OBSCURITY, 6b-skiV-re-te. \ Lat.] Dark- 
ness; want of light. Esther, xi. Unnoticed state; 
privacy. Dnjden. Darkness of meaning. Boyle. 

To ORSECRATE $% ob'-se-krate. v. a. [obsecro, 
Lat.] To beseech ; to entreat. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

OBSECRATION . ob-se-kra'-slmn. n. s. Entreaty ; 
supplication. Siillingjleet. 

ORSEQUENT* 6b'-se-kwent. a. [obsequens, Lat.] 
Obedient ; dutiful ; submitting to. Fotherby. 

ORSEQUIES, oV-se-kwiz. 283. n. s. [obsequies, 
Fr.] Funeral rites; funeral solemnities. Sidney. 
It is found in the singular, perhaps more properly. 
Milton. 

OBSEQUIOUS §, 6b-se/-kwe-&s. a. [ohsequium, 
Lat.] Obedient; compliant; not resisting. Baton. 
Funereal. SJiakspeare'. 

OBSEQUIOUSLY, ob-se'-kwe-fis-le. ad. Obedient- 
ly ; with compliance. Dryden. With funeral rites. 
SJiakspeare. 

OBSEQUIOUSNESS, ob-se'-kwe-fis-nSs. n. s. 
Obedience ; compliance. Bacon. 

ORSEQUY* ob'-se-kwe. n. s. [obsequium, Lai.] 
Funeral ceremony. Obsequiousness ; compliance. 
B. Jonson. 

To ORSERATE*, ob'-se-rate. v. a. [obsero, Lat.] 
To lock up ; to shut in. Cockeram. 

OBSERVABLE, ob-zer'-va-bl. a. Remarkable; 
eminent; such as may deserve notice. Abbot. 

OBSE RVABLY, ob-zer'-va-ble. ad. In a manner 
worthy of note. Brown. 

OBSERVANCE §, db-zeY'-vanse. n. s. [Fr. ; obsen-.o, 
Lat.] Respect ; ceremonial reverence. Shak. Re- 
ligious rite. Rogers. Attentive practice. Rogers. 
Rule of practice. SJiakspeare. Careful obedience, 
rw^cr? Observation; attention. Hale. Obedi- 
«nt regard ; reverential attention. Wotton. 



OBSERVANCY*, 6b-zer'- vajl .se. n. s. Attention 

Shakspeare. 

OBSER VA'NDA*, c-b-zer-van'-da. n. s. pi. [Lat.'j 
Things to be observed. Stvift. 

OBSERVANT, &b-zer / -vant. a. [obserwns, Lat.] 
Attentive ; diligent ; watchful. Raleigh. Obedi- 
ent; respectful. Digby. Respectfully attentive. 
Pope. Meanly dutiful ; submissive. Raleigh. 

OBSERVANT, 6b-zeV-vant. n. s. A slavish attend- 
ant. Shakspeare. A diligent observer. Hooker. 

OBSERVATION, ob-zer-va'-shfin. n.s. [observatio 
Laf.] The act of observing, noting, or remarking. 
South. Show; exhibition. St. Luke, xvii. Notion 
gained by observing ; note; remark; animadver- 
sion. Watts. Obedience ; ritual practice. White. 

OBSER VA'TOR, 6b-zer-va'-tur. 166, 521. n. s. One 
that observes ; a remarker. Hale. 

OBSERVATORY, ob-zer'-viUur-e. n.s. A place 
built for astronomical observations. Woodward. 

83° For the accent of this word, see Principles, No. 512. 
TV. 

To OBSERVE §, 6b-zcrv'. v. a. [obsewo, Lat.] To 
watch ; to regard attentively. Bp. Taylor. To 
find by attention ; to note. Locke. To regard or 
keep religiously. Ex. xii. To practise ritually. 
White. To obey ; to follow. 

To OBSERVE, ob-zerv'. v. n. To be attentive. 
Watts. To make a remark. Pope. 

OBSERVER, 6b-zerv'-ur. n. s. One who looks vigi- 
lantly on persons and things ; close remarker. Shak. 
One who looks on ; the beholder. Donne. One who 
keeps an}' law, or custom, or practice. Spenser. 

OBSERV1NGLY, ob-zer'-vfng-le. ad. Attentively; 
carefully. Shakspeare. 

To OBSE'SSS*, ob-seV. v. a. [obsideo, obsessus, 
Lat.] To besiege ; to compass about. Sir T. Ely- 
ot. Ob.T. 

OBSE'SSION, ob-sesh'-un. n.s. [obsessio, Lat.] The 
act of besieging. The nrst attack of Satan, ante- 
cedent to possession. Burton. 

OBSI'DIONAL, 6b-sld'-e-un-al, or &b-s?d'-je-un-al. 
293. a. [obsidionalis, Lat.] Belonging to a siege. 
Sir T. Brown. 

To OBSLGNATE§*, ob-slg'-nate. v. a. [obsigno, 
Lat.] To ratify ; to seal up. Barrow. 

OBSIGNATION*, ob-sfg-na'-shun. n. s. Ratifica- 
tion by sealing ; act of fixing a seal ; confirmation, 
Bp. Taylor. 

OBSFGNATORY*, ob-sig'-na-tur-e. a. Ratifying 
Dr. Ward. 

OBSOLESCENT*, 6b-s6-leV-sent. a. [obsolescens, 
Lat.] Growing out of use. Dr. Johnson. 

O'BSOLETE $, ob'-so-lete. [ob'-so-lete, Jones ; 6b'- 
so-late, Sheridan.] a. [obsoletus, Lat.] Worn out of 
use ; disused ; unfashionable. Dryden. 

OBSOLE'TENESS, 6b'-s6-lete-nes. n. s. State of 
being worn out of use ; uafashionableness. Dr. 
Johnson. 

ORSTACLE, db'-sta-kl. 405. n. s. [Fr. ; obstaculum, 
Lat.] Something opposed; hinderance; obstruc 
tion. Shakspeare. 

ORSTANCY*, ob'-stan-se. n. s. [obstantia, Lat.l 
Opposition ; impediment ; obstruction. B. Jonson. 
Ob. T. 

To OBSTE'TRICATE^*, 6b-stef-tre-kate. v.n. 
[obstetricor, Lat.] To perform the office of a mid- 
wife. Evelyn. 

To OBSTE / TRICATE*, 5b-stet'-tre-kate. v. a. To 
assist as a midwife. Waterhouse. 

OBSTETRICA'TION, 6b-stet-tre-ka'-shun. n.s. 
The office of a midwife. Bp. Hall. 

OBSTE'TRICK, ob-stet'-trik. 509. a. [obstetrix, 
Lat.] Midwifish ; befitting a midwife ; doing the 
midwife's office. Pope. 
ORSTINACY, ob'-ste-na-se. n. s. [obstinatio, Lat.] 
Stubbornness ; contumacy ; pertinacy ; persistency. 
Locke. 
ORSTINATE$, ob'-ste-nate. 91. a. [obstinatus, 
Lat.] Stubborn; contumacious; fixed in resolu- 
tion. Temple. 
ORSTINATELY, ftb'-sti-nale-le. ad. Stubbornly; 
inflexibly. Clarendon. 

642 



OBT 



OCC 



—ni> , move, n6r, not;— tube, «nb. bull ;— 6il;— p6find;— tlnn, THis 
Stub 



O'BSTINATENESS, &b'-ste-nate-nes. 
boriiness. J?p. /&//. 

OBSTIPATION, 6b-ste-pa'-shfiu. n. s. [ofctf/x>, 
LaU The act of stopping up any passage. 

OBSTREPEROUS Mb-suV-P*™. a. (obstrep- 
ertis, Lat.] Loud ; clamorous ; noisy ; turbulent ; 
vociferous. Howell. 

OBSTREPEROUSLY, ftb-strgp'-pgr-rds-le. ad. 
Loudlv ; clamorously ; noisilv. 

OBSTRETEROUSN ESS, * ob-strep'-per-riis-ngs. 
n. s. Loudness ; clamour ; noise ; turbulence. 

OBSTRI'CTION, 6b-strfcV-shun. n. s, [obstridus, 
LatJ Obligation ; bond. Milton. 

To OBSTRUCT $, db-strfikt'. v.a. [obstruo, Lat.] 
To block up ; to bar. Milton. To oppose ; to re- 
tard ; to hinder ; to be in the way of. Milton. 

OBSTRU'CTER, 6b-strukt'-ur. 98. n s. One that 
hinders or opposes. Whitlock. 

OBSTRU/CTION, ob-struk'-shftn. n. s. [obstructio, 
Lat.] Hinderance ; difficulty. Denham. Obstacle ; 
impediment. Kwg Charles. [In physick.] The 
blocking 1 up of any canal in the human body, so 
as to prevent the flowing of any fluid through it. 
Qiancif. Something heaped together. Sliakspeare. 

OBSTRUCTIVE, ob-slruk'-tiv. a. [obstruct! /, Fr.] 
Hindering; causing impediment. Hammond. 

OBSTRUCTIVE, 3b-3truk'-tlv. n.s. Impediment; 
obstacle. Hammond. 

O'BSTRUENT, 6b'-slru-ent. a. [pbstrnens, Lat.] 
Hindering; blocking up. 

OBSTUPEFA'CTION, ob-stu-pe-fak'-shun. n. s. 
[obstupefacio, Lat.] The act of inducing stupidity, 
or interruption of {he mental powers. 

OBSTUPEFA'CTIVE,6b-3tu-pe-fak'-t?v. 512. a. 
Obstructing the mental powers ; stupifying. Abbot. 

To OBTA'lN§, 6b-tane / . 202. v.a. [obi ineo, Lai..] 
To gain ; to acquire ; to procure. Gen. xvi. To 
impetrate ; to gain by the concession or excited 
kindness of another. Hooker. To keep ; to hold ; 
to continue in the possession of. Milton. 

To OBTATN, ob-lane'. v. n. To continue in use. 
Baker. To be established ; to subsist in nature or 
practice. Drijden. To prevail ; to succeed. Bacon. 

OBTAINABLE, &b-lane / -a-bl. a. To be procured. 
Arbuthnot. To be gained. Kettlewell. 

OBTATNER, ob-uV-nur. 98. n. s. He who obtains. 

OBTA'INMENT*, ob-tane'-ment. n. s. Act of ob- 1 
taining. Milton. 

To OBTE'MPERATE, ob-tem'-per-ate. v. a. [ob- 
tempero, Lat.] To obey. Diet. 

To OBTE'ND?, 6b-tend<\ v. a. [obtendo, Lat.] To 
oppose ; to hold out in opposition. Drydm. To 
pretend ; to offer as the reason of any tiling. Dry- 
den. 

OBTENEBRA'TION, ob-ten-ne-bra'-shftn. 'n.s. [ob 
and tembroz, Lat.] Darkness ; the slate of being 
darkened ; the act of darkening ; cloudiness. Ba- 
con. 

OBTE'NSION, oh-len'-shun. n. s. The act of ob- 
tending. 

To OBTESTS, ob-test'. v. a. [oblestor, Lat.] To be- 
seech ; to supplicate. Dryden. 

To OBTEST*, ob-test'. v. n. To protest. Wider- 
house. 

OBTESTATION, 6b-tes-ta / -shun. n. s. Supplica- 
tion ; entreaty. Sir T. Elyot. Solemn injunction. 
Bp. Hall. 



force one's self, or any thing else, upon others. 
Milton. 

To OBTU'ND, &b-lund'. v. a. [obtundo, Lat.] To 
blunt; to dull; to quell ; to deaden. Milton. 

OBTURATION, ob-uWa'-shun. n.s. [obturatus, 
Lat.] The act of stopping up any thing with some- 
thing smeared over it. Cot^rave. 

OBTUSA'NGULAR. ob-tuse-ang'-gu-lar. a. Hav- 
ing angles larger than right angles. 

OBTUSE §, ob-tiW. 427. a. [obtusns, Lat.l Not 
pointed ; not acute. Not quick ; dull ; stupid. Mil- 
ton. Not shrill ; obscure. 

OBTUSELY, db-tuse'-le. ad. Without a point. Dul- 
Iv; slupidlv. 

OBTUSENESS, ob-tuse'-nfis. n. s. Bluntness; dul- 
uess. 

OBTUSION, 6b-tiV-zhu:i. n. s. The act of dulling. 
The state of being dulled. Harvey. 

To OBU'MBRATE$, 6b-um'-brate. v.a. [obumbro, 
Lat.] To shade ; to cloud. Howell. 

OBUMBRA'TION, ob-um-bra'-shun. n.s. The act 
of darkening or clouding. 

OBVE'NTION, ob-ven'-shfln. n. s. [obvenio, Lat.] 
Something happening not constantly and regularly, 
but uncertainlv. S}K?iser 

OBVF/RSANT*, 6b-ver / -oant. a. Conversant; fa- 
miliar. Bacon. 

To OBVE'RT, ob-vert'. v. a. [obverto, Lat.] To 
turn towards. Boi/le. 

To O'BVIATE, 6b'-ve-ale. 91. v. a. [ohvius, Lat. ; 
obvier. Fr.] To meet in the way ; to prevent by in- 
terception. Woodward. 

0'BVIOUS§, 6b'-ve-us. a. [obnius, Lat.] Meeting 
anything; oppose'd in front to any thing. Milton. 
Open ; exposed. Milton. Easily discovered ; plain ; 
evident. Milton. 

O'BVIOUSLY, ob'-ve-us-le. ad. Evidently; appa- 
rently. Locke. Easily to be found. Selden. Natu- 
rallv. Holy day. 

O'BV'IOUSNESS, ob'-ve-us-nes. n.s. State of being 
evident or apparent. Boyle. 

OCCASIONS, ftk-ka'-zhun. n.s. [occasio, Lat.] Oc- 
currence ; casualty ; incident. Hooker. Opportu- 
nity ; convenience. Spenser. Accidental cause. 
Spenser. Reason not cogent, but opportune 
Sliakspeare. Incidental need ; casual exigence 
Sliakspeare. 

95= What was observed of the e in efface is applicable to 
the o in the first syllable of this word. From the ten- 
dency of the vowel to open, when immediately preced- 
ing the accent, we find elegant speakers sometimes pro- 
nounce the o in occasion, offend, officious, &c.,as if 
written o-casion, o-fend, o-ficious,&c. This seems to 
be one of those "faults true criticks dare not mend." 
But, as it is an evident deviation from the orthography. 
I have not dared to mark these words in this manner.— 
See Efface. It must, however, be remarked, that this 
deviation only takes place before double c in the word 
occasion and its compounds. W. 

To OCCASION, ok-ka'-zhfin. v. a. To cause casu- 
ally. Locke. To cause ; to produce. Ter"j)le. To 
influence. Locke. 

OCCASIONABLE^ok-ld'-zlnm-a-bl. a. That may 
be occasioned. Barrow. 

OCCASIONAL, dk-kaAzhun-al. a. Incidental ; cas- 
ual. Burnet. Producing by accident. Brown. Pro- 
duced by occasion or incidental exigence. Whole 
Duly of Ma, 



OBTRECTA'TION, ob-trek-ta'-shun./z.s. [obtrecto,\\ OCCASIONALLY, ok-ka'-zhun-al-le. ad. Aceord- 



Lat.] Slander ; detraction ; calumny 7 . Barrow 
To OBTRU'DES, ob-trood'. 339. v.a. [oblrudo, 

Lat.] To thrust into any place or stale by force or 

imposture ; to offer with unreasonable importunity. 

Hooker. 
OBTRU'DER, 6b-tro6d'-ur. 98. n.s. One thatfob- 

trudes. Boyle. 
ToOBTRU'NCATES* ob-tr&n'-kate. v. a. [oblrun- 

co, Lat .1 To deprive of a limb ; to lop. Cockeram. 
OBTRUNCA'TION^ob-trun-ka'-shun. n.s. The 

act of lopping or cutting. Cockeram. 
OBTRUSION, 6b-tr66'-zhun. n. s. [obtrusns, Lat.] 

The act of obtruding. 
OBTRUSIVE. 6b-troo'-s?v. 428. a. Inclined to 



ing to incidental exigence ; incidentally. Milton. 
OCCASIONER, dk-ka'-zh&n-fir. n. s. One that 

causes or promotes by design or accident. Sidney. 
OCCECATION, ok-se-ka^-shun. n.s. [occcecatio, 

Lat.] The aetof blinding or making blind; state 

of being blind. Bp. Hall. 
OCCIDENT, ok'-sMent. n. s. [occidens, Lat.] The 

west. Sliakspeare. 
OCCIDENTAL, 6k-se-deV-iM. a. Western. How- 
ell. 
OCCFDUOUS, ok-sid'-ju-us. 293, 294. a. [occidins, 

Lat.] Western. 
OCCI / PITAL,6k-g?p / -pe-tal. a. Placed in thehmdej 

part of the head. 

G43 



OCT 



ODI 



(LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m§t ;— pine, p?n | 



O'CCIPUT, &k'-se-pfit. n. s. [Lat.] The hinder 
part of the head. Butler. 

OCCASION, 6k-s?zb/-fin. n. s. [occisio, Lat.] The 

act of killing-. Hale. 
To OCCLUDE §, &k-klude'. v. a. [occludo, Lat.] 
To shut up. Brown. 

OCCLU'SE, 6k-klfise'. a. [occlusus, Lat.] Shut up ; 
. closed. Holder. 

OCCLU'SION, dk-kli'-zhfin. n. s. The act of shut- 
ting- up. Howell. 

OCCU'LTS, ok-kull'. a. [occultus, Lat.] Secret; 
hidden ; unknown ; undiscoverable. Glanville. 

OCCULTATION, Sk-kal-uV-shfin. n. s. [In astron- 
omy.] The time that a star or planet is hid from 
our sight, when eclipsed by interposition of the 
body of the moon, or some other planet between it 
and us. Harris. 

OCCU'LTED*. a. Secret. Sliakspeare. Ob. T. 

OCCU'LTNESS, dk-kftlt'-nSs. n. s. Secretness ; 
state of being hid. 

O'CCUPANCY, ok'-ku-pan-se. n.s. The act of tak- 
ing possession. Warhurion. 

O'CCUPANT, ok'-ku-pant. n. s. [occupans, Lat.] 
He that takes possession of an\' thing. Bacon. 

To O'CCUPATE, 6k'-l a-pate. v. a. [pewpo, Lat.] 
To possess ; to hold ; to take up. Bacon. 

OCCUPATION, 6k-ku-pa'-shun. n. s. The act of 
taking possession. Bacon. Employment; business. 
Woodward. Trade ; calling ; vocation. Acts, 
xviii. 

O'CCUPIER, &k'-ku-pl-6r. 98. n.s. A possessor; 
one who takes into his possession. Raleigh. One 
who follows any employment. Ezekiel, xxvii. 

ToO'CCUPY^Sk'-ku-pl. 183. v. a. [occupo, Lat.] 
To possess ; to keep ; to take up. 1 Cor. xiv. To 
busy; to employ. Ecclus. xxxviii. To follow, as 
business. Pscdm c.vii. Common Prayer. To use ; 
to expend. Exodus, xxxviii. 

To OCCUPY, &k'-kii-pl. t>. n. To follow business. 
St. Luke, xix. 

TbOCCU'RS.&k-kfir'. v.n. [occurro, Lat.] To be 
presented to the memory or attention. Bacon. To 
appear here and there. Locke. To clash ; to strike 
against; to meet. Bentley. To obviate; to inter- 
cept; to make opposition to. Bentley. 

OCCURRENCE, dk-kur'-rense. n. s. [Fr.] Inci- 
Hftnt; accidental event. Locke. Occasional pre- 
sentation. Watts. 

OCCU'RRENT, ok-kiV-rent. n. s. [Fr. ; occurrens, 
Lat.] Incident; anv thing that happens. Hooker. 

OCCU'RSION, ok-kur'-sh&n. n. s. [oceursus, Lat.] 
Clash ; mutual blow. Boyle. 

O CEAN §, o'-shfin. 357. n. s. [ocean, Fr. ; oceanus, 
Lat.] The main ; the great sea. Shak. Any im- 
mense expanse. Locke. 

OCEAN, o'-shfin. a. Pertaining to the main or great 
sea. Robinson. 

OCEA'NICK, 6-she-anMk. 357, 509. a. Pertaining 
to the ocean. Cook. 

OCE'LL\TED, 6-seT-la-ted. a. [ocellatus, Lat.] Re- 
sembling the eye. Der/iam. 

O'CHIMY, &k'-e-m6. n. s, [corrupted from alchymy.] 
A mixed base metal. 

OCHRE, o'-kfir. 416. n. s. [& x? a.] A species of 
earth of various colours. Hill. 

O'CIIREOUS, 6/-kre-fis. a. Consisting of ochre. 
Woodward. 

O'CHREY, o'-k&r-e. a. Partaking of ochre. Wood- 
ward. 

O'CTAGON §, 6k'-ta-g6n. n. s. [6ktu> and ywvia.] 
[In geometry] A figure consisting of eight sides 
and angles. Harris. 

OCTA'GONAL, &k-tag'-g6-nal. 518. ) a. Having 

OCTO'GONAL*, &k-t&g'-g6-nal. ] eight angles 
and sides. Maundrell. 

OCTA'NGULAR, 6k-tang'-gu-lar. a, [octo and an- 

gulus, Lat.] Having eight angles. Diet. 
TA'NGULARNESS, ok-iang'-gu-lar-nes. n. s. 
The quality of having eight angles. Diet. 
COT ANT, &k'-tani. ) a. [In astrology.] Is, when 
O'CTILE, &k'-tll. 140. S a planet is in such an as- 
pect, or position with respect to another, that their 



places are only distant an eighth part of a circle, 
or forty-five degrees. Diet. 

O'CTATEUCH*, dk'-ta-tuke. n. s. [oktu> and tcv X o S .] 
A name for the eight first books of the Old Testa- 
ment. Hanmer. 

OCTAVE, ok'-tave. 91. n. s. [Fr.; octavus, Lat.] 
The eighth day after some peculiar festival. Wheat- 
ley. Eight days together after a festival. Fulke. 
[In musick.] An eighth or an interval of eight 
sounds. Mason. 

O'CTAVE*, ok'-tave. a. Denoting eight. Dryden. 

OCT A' VO, ok-ta'-vo. n. s. [Lat.] A book is said to 
be in octavo when a sheet is folded into eight leaves. 
Boyle. 

OCTE'NNIAL, 6k-ten'-ne-al. 113. a. [octeimium, 
Lat.] Happening every eighth year. Lasting 
eight vears. 

OCTO'BER, 6k-t6'-bur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] The tenth 
month of the year, or the eighth numbered from 
March. Peacham. 

OCTOE'DRICAL, 6k-t6-M'-dre-kal. a. Having 
eight sides. Diet. 

OCTO'GENARY, ok-todje'-e-nar-e. a. [octogeni, 
Lat.] Of eighty years of age. Diet. 

O'CTONARY, ok'-ld-nar-e. a. [octonarius, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the number eight. 

OCTONO'CULAR,6k-t6-n&k'-ku-lar. a. [octo and 
oculus.~\ Having eight eyes. Derham. 

OCTOPE'TALOUS, 6k-t6~peV-tul-fis. a. [<5*™ and 
rrcrahbv.'] Having eight flower leaves. Diet. 

O'CTOSTYLE, 6k'-to-stl!e. n.s. [<kr<i and gtvXos.] 
In the ancient architecture, is ;he face of a build- 
ing or ordonnance containing eight columns. Har- 

OCTOSY'LLABLE*, ok-io-siF-la-bl. a. [octo, Lat. ; 
and syllable.] Consisting of eight syllables. Tyr- 
ichitl. 

O'CTUPLE, 6k'-tu-pl. 405. a. [octupulus, Lat.] Eight 
fold. Diet. 

0'CULAR§, 6k'-ku-lar. 88. a. [oculaire, Fr. ; oculus, 
Lat.] Depending on the eye; known by the eye. 
Brown. 

OCULARLY, ok'-ku-lar-le. ad. To the observation 
of the eve. Bp. Hall. 

OVULATE, ok'-ku-late. a. [oculatus, Lat.] Having 
eyes ; knowing by the eye. 

O'CULIST, ok'-ku-llst. n. s. One who professes to 
cure distempers of the eyes. Bacon. 

O'C UL US 2^,6k'-ku-lus-be'-ll. [Lat.] An acciden- 
tal variety of the agate kind, having circular de- 
lineations resembling the eye. Woodward. 

ODD§, 6d. a. [udda, Swed.] Not even; not divisi- 
ble into equal numbers. Brown, More than a 
round number. Davies. Particular; uncouth; ex- 
traordinary. Sliak. Not noted ; not taken into the 
common account; unheeded. Shak. Strange ; un- 
accountable ; fantastical. Shak. Uncommon ; par- 
ticular. Ascham. Unlucky. Shale. Unlikely ; in 
appearance improper. Addison. 

O'DDITY*, od'-de-te. n.s. Singularity; particulari- 
ty : applied both to persons and things. Amuse- 
ments of Clergymen. 

O'DDLY, od'-Ie. ad. Not evenly. Strangely ; par- 
ticularly; irregularly; unaccountably. Locke. 

O'DDNESS, wV-nh. n.s. The slate of being not 
even. Folherby. Strangeness; particularity; un- 
couthness; irregularity. Dryden. 

ODDS, 6dz. n. s. [from odd.] Inequality ; excess of 
either compared with the other. Hooker. More 
than an even wager; more likely than the contra- 
ry. South. Advantage ; superiority. Hudibras. 
Quarrel ; debate ; dispute. Shakspeare. 

ODE, 6de. n. s. [uko'ij.] A poem written to be sung to 
musick ; a lyrick poem. Milton. 

O'DIBLE, o'-de-bl. 405. a. [from odi.] Hateful. Bale. 

O'DIOUSS, 6'-de-fis, or i'-je-fis. a. [odiosus, Lat.l 
Hateful; detestable; abominable. Sprat. Exposed 
to. hate. Hayward. Causing hate ; invidious. Mil- 
ton. 

3^" The first mode of pronouncing this word is the mora 
common, but the second seems the more correct. — See 
Principles, No. 293, 294, 376. W. 
644 



OF 



OFF 



— no, mOve, nor, not ;— tube, tab, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ;— Jiin, THis. 



ODIOUSLY, 6-de-iis-le, or 6 -je-fls-le. ad. Hate- 
fully; abominably. JM«». Invidiously j so as to 

cause hale. Dryden. 
ODIOUSNESS, 6'-de-ns-nes, or o'-je-us-nes. n.s. 

Hatefulness. Wake. The state of being hated. 

Sidney. 
ODIUM, ^-de-Qm, or o'-je-um. n.s. [LaU] Invid- 

iousness; quality of provoking hate. K. Charles. 
ODONTA LGlCK,6-don-tal -jlfc.u. [6fo v and uAyoj.] 

Pertaining to the tooth-ache. 
O'DORAMENT*, 6 -dcir-a-ment. n.s. [odoramen- 

tum, LatJ A perfume ; any strong scent. Burton. 
ODORATE, o'-dd-rate. 91. a. [odoratus, Lat.] 

Scented; having- a strong scent, whether fetid or 

fragrant. Bacon. 
ODORIFEROUS $, 6-dA-rMr-os. a. [odorifer, 

Lat.] Giving scent; usually, sweet of scent; fra- 

grant; perfumed. Bacon. 
ORIFEROUSNESS, o-di-rif-ier-us-nes. 534. 
n. s. Sweetness of scent; fragrance. 
ODOROUS, 6'-dur-us. 314. a. [odorus, Lat.] Fra- 
grant ; perfumed ; sweet of scent. Spenser. 
fgf I [ ' s not a little strange, that this adjective should 
have preserved the accent of the simple odour, when the 
Latin odorus presented so fair an opportunity of alter- 
ing it. Milton has seized this opportunity ; but, happi- 
ly for the analogy of our own language, it has not been 
followed : 

" Last the bright consummate flow'r 

" Spirits odorous breathes ; flow'rs and their fruit 

" Man's nourishment." 

Where we may observe, that, if the Latin accent be 
preserved, the Latin spelling ought to be preserved like- 
wise. W. 
ODOUR, o'-dur. 314. v. s. [odor, Lat.] Scent, 
whether good or bad. Bacon. Fragrance; per- 
fume; sweet scent. Spenser. 
OE. This combination of vowels does not properly 
belong - to our language, nor is ever found but in 
words derived from the Greek, and net yet wholly 
conformed to our manner of writing ; oe has in such 
words the sound of e. 
OECONO'MICKS, ek-i-nom'-mlks. 296. [e-kA-nom'- 
miks, Slieridan.] n. s. [oIkovouikos, Gr. ; orcono- 
mique, Fr., from oeconomy. Both it and its deriva- 
tives are under economy.] Management of house- 
hold affairs. V 'Estrange. 
OECUMENICAL, ek-u-meV-ne.-kal. 296. a. [ohov- 
[icvticds.] General ; respecting the whole habitable 
world. Stilling fleet. 
OEDE MA, e-de'-ma. 92, 296. n.s. [o\c W a.'\ A tu- 
mour. Quincy. 
OEDEMATICK, ed-e-mat'-tlk. 296. } a. Pertaining 
OEDE MATOUS, e-dem'-ma-tus. \ to an oede- 
ma. Harvey. 
OEILIAD, e-Il'-yad. 113. [6-el -vad, Sheridan ■ 
ale'-yad, Perry ; e-il'-e-ad, Jones.] n. s. [oeil, Fr.] 
Glance; wink; token of the eye. Shakspeare. 
O'ER, ore. Contracted from over. Addison. 
OESOPHAGUS, e-sof-fd-gus. n. s. [from duds, 
wicker, from some similitude in the structure of this 
part to the contexture of that; and (pdyw , to eat.] 
The guliet. Quincy. 
OF, 6v. 377. prep, [op, Sax.] It is put before the sub- 
stantive that follows another in construction : as. Of 
tJiese pari icere slain ; that is, part of these. Shale. 
It is put among superlative adjectives: as, the most 
dismal and unseasonable lime of all other. Tillot- 
son. From. Sidney. Concerning; relating to. B. 
Jonson. Out of. Dryden. Among. Dryden. By. 
Shxik. According to. B. Jonson. Noting power, 
choice, or spontaneity : as, Some soils put forth 
odorate herbs of themselves. Bacon. Rioting pro- 
perties, qualities, or condition : as, He was a man 
of a decayed fortune. Clarendon. Noting extrac- 
tion : as, a man of an ancient family. Clarendon. 
Noting adherence, or belonging : as, a Hebrew of \ 
my tribe. Shak. Noting the matter of any thing : j 
as, The chariot was all of cedar. Bacon. Noting | 
the motive : as, Of my own choice I undertook this j 
work. Dryden. Noting form or manner of exist- 
ence : as, If our Lord had not left o/his own fram- 
ing, one which, &c. Hooker. Noting something | 



that has some particular quality : as. Never had any 
such a friend as I have o/this. V Estrange. Not- 
ing faculties of power granted : as, If any man 
minister, let him do it as of the ability which God 
riveth. Noting preference, or postponence : as, I 
do not like the tower of any place. Shak. Noting 
change of one state to another : a9, O miserable of 
happy! Milton. Noting causality : as, Good nature 
of necessity will give allowance. Dryden. Noting 
proportion : as, many of a hundred. Locke, Not 
mg kind or species : as, an affair of the cabinet 
Swift. It is put before an indefinite expression ol 
time : as, o/late, in late times. Boyle. 
OFF, of. ad. [of Dutch.] Of this adverb the chief 
use is to conjoin it with verbs : as, to come of} ; to 
fly off; to take off. It is generally opposed to on : 
as, to lay on ; to take off. Shak. It signifies dis- 
tance : as, a mile off. Shak. In painting or statua- 
ry, it signifies projection or relief: as, The figures 
stand off. It signifies evanescence, absence, or de- 

?arture : as. Competitions go off and on. L' Estrange. 
t signifies any kind of disappointment ; deleat; in- 
terruption : as, The affair is off. On the opposite 
side of a question. Sanderson. From, not toward, 
Sidney.— Off hand. Not studied. L' Estrange. To 
be off', in common talk, signifies to recede lrom an 
intended contract or design. To come off To es- 
cape by some accident or subterfuge. To get off. 
To make escape. To go off. To desert ; to aban- 
don. To go off. Applied to guns : to take fire and 
be discharged. Well or ill off '. Having good or 
bad success. — Off. whether alone or in composi- 
tion, means, either literally or figuratively, disjunc- 
tion, absence, privation, or distance. 
OFF, of. interj. An expression of abhorrence, or com- 
mand to depart. Smith. 
OFF, 6f. prep. Not on. Temple. Distant from. Ad- 
dison. 
OFFAL, 6f-ful. 88. n.s. [off fall, that which falfe 
. from the table.] Waste meal ; that which is not 
eaten at the table. Arbuthnot. Carrion; coarse 
flesh. Milton. Refuse ; that which is thrown away 
asof no value. South. Any thing of no esteem. Shak. 
OFFENCE §, ef-fense'. n.s. [offense, Fr. ; off'ensa, 
from offendo, Lat.] Crime; act of wickedness. 
Fairfax. A transgression. Locke. Injury. Dry- 
den. Displeasure given ; cause of disgust ; scandal, 
2 Cor. vi. Anger; displeasure conceived. Sidney. 
Attack; act of the assailant. Sidney. 
95= For the elegant sound of the o in offence, offend, offi- 
cial, and their compounds, see Occasion and Ef- 
face. W. 
OFFENCEFUL, of-fense'-fal. a. Injurious ; giving 

displeasure. Shakspeare. 
OFFENCELESS, 6f-fense'-les. a. Unoffending; in- 

nocem. Milton. 
To OFFEND, 6fiend ; . v. a. [offendo, Lat.] To 
make angry ; to displease. Shak. To assail ; Ui 
attack. Sidney. To transgress; to violate. Ballad, 
To injure. Dryden. 
To OFFE'ND, 6f-fend'. r. n, To be criminal ; to 
transgress the law. Wisdom, xiv. To cause an- 
ger. Shak. To commit transgression. Sicift. 
OFFENDER, df-fen'-dfir. 98. n.s. A criminal; one 
who has committed a crime; a transgressor. Isc 
xxix. One who has done an injury. SJmkspeare. 
OFFENDRESS, of-ien'-dres. n. s. A woman that 

offends. Shakspeare. 
OFFENSIBLE*, of-fen'-se-bl. a. Hurtful. Cot- 
grave. Ob. T. 
OFFENSIVE, df-fen'-siv. 158, 428. a. [ofensif,Fr.- T 
from off'ensus, Lat.] Causing anger; aispleasing j 
disgusting. Hooker. Causing pain ; injurious. Ba- 
con. Assailant; not defensive. Bacon. 
OFFE'NSWELY. of-fen'-sfv-le. ad. Mischievously; 
injuriously. Hooker. So as to cause uneasiness or 
displeasure. Boyle. By way of attack ; not defen- 
sive.lv. Drayton. 
OFFE'NSIVENESS, of-len'-slv-nes. n.s. Injurious. 

ness ; mischief. Cause of disgust. Grew. 
To O'FFER y, of-far. 98. v. a. [offero, Lat.] To pre- 
sent ; to exhibit any thing so as that it may be take* 





OFF 0£E 




ID" 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin 5— 



or received. Locke. To sacrifice; to immolate. 
2 Chron. xv. To bid, as a price or reward. Dry- 
den. To attempt; to commence. % Mace. iv. To 
propose. Locke. 
To OFFER, dP-far. v. n. To be present ; to be at 
hand; to present itself. Dryden. To make an at- 
tempt. Bacon. 
O FFER, 6P-fur. n. s. \pffre, Fr.] Proposal of ad 
vantage to another. Pope. First advance. Shak. 
Proposal made. Daniel. Price bid ; act of bidding 
a price. Swift. Attempt ; endeavour. Bacon. 
Something- given by way of acknowledgement. 
Sidney. 
O'FFERABLE*, 6P-ffir-a-bl. a. That may be offer- 
ed. W. Mountague. 

OFFERER, 6P-fur-r&r. n. s. One who makes an 
offer. Chapman. One who sacrifices, or dedicates 
in worship. Hooker. 

OTTERING, 6P-fur-rTng. n. s. [opppuntf, Sax.] A 
sacrifice; any thing immolated, or offered in wor- 
ship. Isaiah, liii. 

OFFERTORY, 6P-feY-tur-e. 557. n. s. [offertoire, 
Fr,] An anthem chanted during the offering, a part 
of the mass; and, since the reformation, applied to 
the sentences in the communion office, read while 
the alms are collected : and hence the act of offer- 
ing. Bacon, 

O'FFERTURE, 6P-f6r-tshure. n.s. Offer; proposal 
of kindness. K. Cliarles. Ob. J. 

OFFICES, dP-fis. 142. n. s. [Fr. ; offcium, Lat.] A 
publick charge or employment ; magistracy. Shak. 
Agency ; peculiar use. Newton. Business ; partic- 
ular employment. Milton. Act of good or ill vol- 
untarily tendered. Shak. Act of worship. Sliak. 
Formulary of devotions. Bp. Taylor. Rooms in a 
house appropriated to particular business. Bacon, 
[officina, Lat.] Place where business is transact- 
ed. Bacon. 

To O'FFICE, 6P-fk v. a. To perform ; to discharge; 
to do. ShaJcspeare. 

O'FFICER, 6f -fe-s&r. 98. n. s. [ojicier, Fr.] A man 
employed by the publick. Shak. A commander in 
the army. Dryden. One who has the power of ap- 
prehending criminals. Shakspeare. 

O'FFICERED, 6P-fe-surd. 362. a. Commanded; 
supplied willi commanders. Addison. 

OFFI'CIAL, offlsh'-al. 88. a. [Fr.] Conducive ; ap- 
propriate with regard to use. Brown. Pertaining 
to a publick charge. Shakspeare. 

OFFPCIAL, df-ffsh'-al. [See Offence.] n.s. The 
person to whom the cognizance of causes is com- 
mitted by such as have ecclesiastical jurisdiction. 
Ayliffe. 

OFFICIALLY*, of-flsh'-al-e. ad. By authority ; by 
virtue of an office. Sterne. 

OFFPCIALTY. 6f-flsh'-a!-te. n. s. [officialite , Fr.] 
The charge or post of an official. Ayliffe. 

To OFFFCIATE, 6f-fish'-e-ate. 542." 0. a. To give 
in consequence of office. Milton. 

To OFFFCIATE, of-ffeh'-e-ate. 91. v.n. To dis- 
charge an office, commonly in worship. Sanderson. 
To perform an office for another. 

OFFICFNAL, of-fe-si'-nal. a. [officina, Lat.] Used 
in a shop, or belonging to it : thus officinal plants 
and drugs are those used in the shops. Johnson. 

OFFFCIOUS§,6f-fIsh'-us. 314. a. [officios,*, Lat] 
Kind ; doing good offices. Milton. Importunately 
forward. Bacon. 

OFFI'CIOUSLY, of-flsh'-us-le. ad. Importunately 
forward. Milton. Dutifully ; with proper service. 
Barrow. Kindly ; with unasked kindness. Dry- 
den. 

OFFFCIOUSNESS, of-flsh'-us-n&s. n. s. Forward- 
ness of civility, or respect, or endeavour. South. 
Service. Brown. 

OFFING, 6P-fmg. 410. n.s. Out at sea, or at a 
competent distance from the shore. Carteret. 

OFFSCOU'RING, 6f-sk6ur'-lng. n.s. [off and scour.] 
Recrement; pan rubbed away in cleaning any 
thing. Lam. iii. 

OFFSCUM*, 6P-skum. a. [off and scum.] Refuse; 
vile. Tr. of Boccalini. 



OFFSET, 6P-s&. n.s. [off and set.] Sprout; shoot 

of a plant. 
OFFSPRING, 6P-spr?ng. n. s. [oprppm^, Sax.] 
Propagation ; generation Hooker. The thing prop- 
agatedf or generated, children; descendants. 
Davies. Production of any kind. Denham. 
To OFFUSCATE §, of-fus'-kate. 91. v. a. [offusco, 
Lat.] To dim ; to cloud ; to darken. Wodroepfie. 
OFFUSCA'TION^f-f&s-ka'-shun. [bee Occasion.] 

n.s. The act of darkening. Donne. 
OFT, 6ft. ad. [opt, Sax. in the superlative, ofies'..] 
Often; frequently; not rarely; not seldom, z 
Cor. ii. 
OFTEN, of-f'n. 103, 472. ad. [opfc, Sax. in the 
comparative, oftener, oftner; superlative,, oftenest, 
oftnest.] Oft ; frequently ; many times. Shakspeare. 
OFTEN*, 6P-P11. a. Frequent. 1 Tim. v. 
O'FTENINESS*, 6P-f'n-nes. n. s. Frequency. Hook 

er. 
OFTENTFMES, oP-f'n-tlmz. ad. Frequently ; many 

times; often. Hooker. 
OFTTFMES, 6fV-tlmz. ad. Frequently; often. 

Milton. 
OGDOA'STICH*, 6g-d6-as / -tlk. n. s. [dySoos and 

GTixoi.] A poem of eight lines. Selden. 
OGE'E, 6-jee'. ) n. s. [ogive, augive'. Fr.] A sort 
OGFVE, 6-jeev ; . ) of moulding in architecture, 
consisting of a round and a hollow ; almost in the 
form of an S. Harris. 
OGGANFTION*, 6g-ga-nfsh / -un. n.s. [oggannio, 
Lat.] The act of snarling like a dog; murmuring; 
grumbling. Mountagu. 
OGHAM* og'-ham. n. s. A particular kind of steg- 
anography, or writing in cipher, practised by the 
Irish. Astle. 
To OGLE §,6'-gl. 405. v.a. [oogh, Dutch.] To view 
with side glances, as in fondness; or with a design 
not to be heeded.. Dryden. 
O'GLE*, o'-gl. n. s. Aside glance. Addison. 
O'GLER, o'-gl-fi/. 98. n. s. [oogheler, Dutch.] A 
sly gazer ; one who views with side glances. Ad- 
dison. 
O'GLING*, 6'-gl-mg. n. s. Practice of viewing with 

side glances. Addison. 

O'GLIO, 6'-le-6. 388. n. s. [olla, Span.] A dish made 

by mingling different kinds of meat; a medley; a 

hotchpotch. Suckling. 

O'GRE*, o'-gur. 1 n. s. [ogre, Fr.] An imagina- 

OGRESS*, 6'-gr£s. \ ry monster of the East. 

Arabian Nights' Entertainments. 
O'GRESSES, 6'-gres-ez. n. s. [In heraldry.] Can- 
non balls of a black colour. Ashmole. 
OH, 6. interject. An exclamation denoting pain, sor 

row, or surorise. Walton. 
OILS, 6?l. 299. n.s. [ael, Sax.; oleum, Lat.] The 
juice of olives expressed. Exod. xxvii. Any fat, 
greasy, unctuous, thin matter. Derham. The juices 
of vegetables, whether expressed or drawn by the 
still, mat will not mix with water. Harris. 
To OIL, 611. v. a. To smear or lubricate with oil. 

Wotton. 
OPLCOLOUR, oll'-kfil-Ifir. n. s. Colour made by 

grinding coloured substances in oil. Boyle. 
OFLER*, 61F-ur. n. s. One who trades in oils and 

pickles. Hiiloet. We now say oilman. 
OFLIN ESS. 6fl'-le- nes. n.s. Unctuousness ; greas- 

iness; quality approaching to that of oil. Bacon. 
OFLMaN, 6iP-man. 88. n. s. One who trades in oils 

and pickles. 
OFLSHOP, 6il / -sh&p. n. s. A shop where oils and 

pickles are sold. 
OI'LY, dlK-e. a. Consisting of oil ; containing oil ; 
having the qualities of oil. Bacon. Fatty; greasy. 
Shakspeare. 
OFLYGRA1N, dll'-e-grane. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
OFLYPALM, 611 / -e-pam. n. s. A tree. Miller. 
To OINT §, 6?nt. 299. v. a. [ointer, old Fr.] To 
anoint ; tc smear with something unctuous. Dryden. 
OFNTMENT, 61nP-m^nt. n. s. Unguent ; unctuous 

matter to smear any thing. Spenser. 
O'KER, 6'-kur. 416. n. s. See Ochre. A colour. 
Sidney. 

646 



OMI 



OMN 



— nA, move, ndr, nAt ;— tobe, tub, bull ; — All ;— pA&nd ;— </tin, thjs. 



OLD J, Aid. a. [ealb, alb, Sax.] Past the middle 

Kit of life; not young-. Sidney. Decayed by time 
•ut. viii. Of long continuance ; began lone ago. 
Camden. Not new. Ler,7. xxvi. Ancient; not 
modern. Addison. Of any specified duration. 
Sfcoi. Subsisting before something else. Cowley. 
Lonj practised. Ezek. xxiii. fa burlesque lan- 
guage : more than enough ; great, without bur- 
lesque intention. Tragedy ofSoliman and Perseda. 
Shak.— Of old. Long ago; from ancient times. 
Hooker. 
35" This word is liable to the same mispronunciation as 
mould, which see. W. 

O LDEN, ol'-d'n. 103. a. Ancient. Shak. Ob. J. 

OLDFA SHIONED, Ald-fash'-iin'd. a. Formed ac- 
cording to obsolete custom. Dryden. 

OLDISH*, old'-isli. a. Somewhat old. Shenvood. 

OTDNESS. Ald'-nes. n. s. Old age ; antiquity ; not 
newness. Rom. vii. 

OLEAGINOUS, A-le-ad' : jln-us. a. [okagimts, Lat.] 
Oily ; unctuous. Arbnthnot. 

OLEA'GINOUSNESS,A-le-ad'-jin-us-nes. 314. n, s. 
Oiliness. Boyle. 

OLEANDER, A-le-an'-dar. 98. n. s. [oleandre, Fr.] 
The plant rosebay. 

OLEA'STER, A-le-aY-tur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] Wild 
olive; a species of olive. Miller. 

O' LEOSE.6-le-c.se'. ) r , T . , ^., 

OTEOUS, 6'-le-us. \ a - l oleosus > Lat ] 0ll y- R"V- 

O'LDSAID*, Ald'-sed. a. Long since said; reported 
of old. Spenser. 

OTDYVIFE*, old'-wlfe. n. s. A contemptuous name 
for an old, prating woman. 1 Tim. iv. 

OLERA'CEOUS^ol-A-ra'-shus. a. [oleraceus, Lat.] 
Like to potherbs. Sir T. Brown. 

To OLFA'CT, 61-fakl'. v. a. [olfactus, Lat.] To 
smell. Hudibras. A burlesque word. 

OLFA CTORY, Al-fak'-tur-A. 557. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [olfactoire, Fr.] Having the sense of 
* smelling. Locke. 

OLID, ol'-lid. I a. [olidus, Lat.] Stink- 

OTIDOUS, Al'-lld-us. 314. ( ing ; fetid. Brown. 

OLIGA'RCHICAL*, &l-le-gir'-ke-kal. a. Belong- 
ing to or denoting an oligarchy. Burke. 

OLIGARCHY $,6l'-le-gar-ke. 519. n.s. [<3X< 
^ia.7 A form of government which places the su- 
preme power in a small number; aristocracy. 
Sidney. 

OTIO, AMe-A. 113. n.s. [olla, Span.] A mixture ; a 
medley. Dryden. 

O'LITORY, ol'-!e-t6r-e. 557. a. [olilor, Lat.] Be- 
longing to the kitchen garden. Evelyn. 

OLIVASTER, ol-le-vas'-tur. 98. a. [olivastre, Fr.] 
Darkly brown ; tawny. Bacon. 

OTIVES, ol'-llv. 140. n.s. [olive, Fr. ; olea, Lat.] A 
plant producing oil; the emblem of peace; the 
fruit otthe tree. Miller. 

O'LIVED*, AlMivd. a. Decorated with olive trees. 
Warton. 

O'LLA*, ol'-la. n.s. [Span.] An osho. B. Jonson. 

OLY'MPIAD*, 6-lhn-pe-ad. n. s. [olympias, Lat.] 
A Grecian epoch ; the space of four years. Greg- 
ory. 

O'MBRE, Am'-bur. 416. n. s. [hombre, Span.] A 
game of cards played by three. Taller. 

OME GA, A-me'-ga. n. s. [u^/ya.] The last letter of 
the Greek alphabet ; therefore taken in the Holy 
Scripture for the last. Rev. i. 

O MELET, om'-tft. n. s. [omelette, or omelette, Fr.] 
A kind of pancake made with eggs. Evelyn. 

O'MEN i. A'-men. n. s. [omen, Lat.] A sign, good or 
bad; a prognostick. Fell. 

O'MENED, A'-meVd. 359. a. Containing prognos- 
ticks. Pope. 

OMENTUM, A-men'-tfim. a. [Lat.] The caul; 
called also retiadum, from its structure, resembling 
that of a net. Quincy. 

O'MER, A'-mfir. n. s. A Hebrew measure, about 
three pints and a half English. Bailey. 

2WMINATE,Am'-me-nate. 91. v.n. [ominor, Lat.] 
To foretoken ; to show prognosticks. Decay ofChr. 
Piety. 



yao- 



[omnis and facio, 



To O'MINATE*, AnV-me-uate. v. a. To foretoken. 

table Sermon. 
( ) M 1 N ATION, Am-mA-na'-shun. n. s. Prognostick. 

Brown. 

O'MINOUS, Am'-mln-us. 314. a. Exhibiting bad to- 
kens of futurity ; foreshowing ill ; inauspicious. 
Shak. Exhibiting tokens, good or ill. Bacon. 

OMINOUSLY, AnV-min-nAs-le. ad. With good or 
bad omen. Fotherbv. 

O MINOUSNESS, Am'-irnVnfis-nes. n. s. The qual- 
ity of being ominous. Burnet. 

OMTSSION, A-mfsh'-un. n. s. [omissus, Lat.] Neg- 
lect to do something j forbearance of something to 
be done. Kettleiceu. Neglect of duty, opposed 
to commission or perpetration of crimes. SIwJc- 
speare. 

OMISSIVE*, A-mis'-siv. a. Leaving out. Stacklwuse. 

To OMIT $, A-.tuV. v. a. [omillo, Lat.] To leave 
out ; not to mention. Bacon. To neglect to prac- 
tise. Addison. 

OMITTANCE, A-nuY-tanse. n. s. Forbearance. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

OMNIFA'RIOUS, om-ne-fa'-re-us. a. [omnifer, 
Lat.] Of all varieties or kinds. Bentley. 

OMNl'FEROUS, Am-n?f-fer-us. 518. a. [omnis and 
fero, Lat.] All-bearing. Diet, 

OMNI'FICK, om-n?f -fik. 509. 
Lat.] All-creating. Milton. 

O'MNIFORM, Am'-nA-ffirm. a. [omnis and forma, 
Lai.] Having every shape. J\orris 

OMNIFO'RMITY*, om-ne-foim'-e-te. n.s. Quality 
of possessing every shape. More. 

OMNIGENOUS, Am-nld'-je-nus. 518. a. [omnigenus, 
Lat.] Consisting of all kinds. Diet. 

OMNIPARITY, om-ne-par'-e-te. n. s. [omnis and 
par, Lat.] General equality. IVlvile. 

OMNIPERCITIENCE* Am-ne-per-slp'-pe-ense. 7 

OMNIPERCrPIENCY*,om-nA-per-s?p'-p^-en-sA. $ 
n. s. [omnis and percipio, Lat.] Perception of 
every thing. More. 

OMNIPERCI P1ENT*, 6m-ne-per-s?p'-pA-ent. a. 
Perceiving every thing. More. 

OMNIPOTENCE, &m-n?p'-p6-tense. )n. s. [om- 

OMNI'POTENCY, 6m-nV-pA-ten-sA. \ nipotentia, 
Lat.] Almighty power; unlimited power. Til- 
lotson. 

OMNITOTENT, 6m-n?p'-pA-tent. 518. «. * K 
nipotens, Lat.] Almighty; powerful without limit. 
Grew. 

OMNITOTENT $*, om-nfp'-pA-t^nt. n. s. One of 
the appellations of the Godhead. Milton. 

OMNI'POTENTLY*, Am-nlp'-pA-tent-le. ad. Pow- 
erfully without limit. Young. 

OMNIPRESENCE, om-ne-prez'^nse. )n.s. [cm- 

OMNIPRE'SENCY, Am-ne-pr^z'-en-sA. J his and 
pracsentia, Lat.] Ubiquity; unbounded presence. 
Milton. 

35= All the orthoepists I have consulted, (as far as can 
be gathered from their notation and accentuation,) 
make the penultimate e in this woTd short, as in the 
word presence, except Mr. Sheridan. That it is not 
pronounced enclitically, like omnipotence, 513, 518, 
arises, perhaps, from the number of consonants in the 
latter syllables ; and, as this is the case, it seems most 
agreeable to the nature of our composition to pronounce 
presence, in this word, in the same manner as when it 
is taken singly; just as we pronounce theatre, in the 
word amphitheatre, with the accent on the antepenul- 
timate, though the accent is on the penultimate, and 
the vowel is long, in the Latin amphitheatrum. W. 

OMNIPRESENT, Am-nA-prez'-ent. a. Ubiquitaryj 

present in every place. Prior. 
OMNIPRESE'NTIAL* Am-ne-prA-zen'-shal. a. Im- 
plying unbounded presence. South. 
OMNISCIENCE, Am-nfsh'-e-ense. ) n. s. [omnis 
OMNPSCIENCY, om-nish'-A-en-se. $ and scientia, 

Lat.] Boundless knowledge ; infinite wisdom. 

King Charles. 
OMNISCIENT, Am-nish'-A-e'nt. a. [omnis and scio t 

Lat.] Infinitely wise; knowing without bounds 

Bacon. 
OMNISCIOUS, Am-nlsh'-fis. 292. a. All-knowing 

Hakewill. Ob. J. 

647 





ONE ONY 




ICT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



O'MNI UM*, &m'-ne-am. k.s. [Lat.] The aggre- 
gate of certain portions of different slocks in the 
publick funds. Mason. 

O'MNIUM-GATHERUM*, &m'-ne-Qm-gaTH / -e- 
rfim. A cant term for a miscellaneous collection 
of things or persons. Selden. 

OMNFVOROUS, dm-nlv'-vA-rfis. 513. a. [omnis 
and voro, Lat.] All-devouring. Burke. 

OMO'PLATE. n. s. l&pos and irXarij.] The shoul- 
der blade. Diet. 

OMPHALO'PTICK, 6m-fa-lop'-t.k. 509.' n. s. [fy- 
$ a\bs and oirriKb;.] An optick glass that is convex 
on both sides, commonly called a convex lens. Diet. 

O'MY* o'-me. a. [em, Su. Goth.; im, lcel.] Mel- 
low: spoken of land. Ray. 

ON §, 6n. prep, [ana, Goth. ; an, Germ. ; aen, Teut.] 
It is put before the word which signifies that which 
is under, that by which any thing is supported, 
which any thing strikes by falling, which any thing 
covers, or where any thing is fixed. Slutk. It is 
put before any thing that is the subject of action. 
Dryden. Noting addition or accumulation : as, 
mischiefs on mischiefs. Dryden. Noting a state of 
progression : as, whither on thy way. Dryden. It 
sometimes notes elevation : as, on high. Addison. 
Noting approach or invasion : as, Luxury cameo/? 
us. Noting dependence or reliance : as, On God's 
providence their hopes depend. Smalridge. At, 
noting place : as, on each side her. Slvx/c' It de- 
notes the motive or occasion of any thing : as, on 
the same consideration ; on the receipt of a letter. 
Dryden. It denotes the time at which any thing 
happens : as, This happened on the first day. Gen. 
viii. It is put before the object of some passion : as, 
Compassion on the king commands me stoop. 
Shak. In forms of denunciation, it is put before 
the thing threatened : as, Hence, on thy life. Dryden. 
Noting imprecation : as, Sorrow on thee. Shak. 
Noting invocation: as, Orcthee,dear wife, he called. 
Dryden. Noting the state of a thing fired : as, onfre. 
Shak. Noting stipulation or condition : as, on easy 
terms. Dryden. Noting distinction or opposition: 
as, the Rhodians, on the other side. Knows . Not- 
ing the matter of an event : as, on the sudden. 
Sliak. — On, the same with upon. Formerly, com- 
mon for in : as, on live, i. e. in life. Chaucer. 

ON, 6n. ad. Forward ; in succession. South. For- 
ward 3 in progression. Daniel. In continuance ; 
without ceasing. Crashaw. Not off: as, He is nei- 
ther on nor off; that is, He is irresolute. Upon the 
body, as part of dress. His clothes were neither 
on nor off ; they were disordered. Sidney. It notes 
resolution to advance forward; not backward. 
Denham. It is, through almost all its significations, 
opposed to off. 

ON,6n. inleri. A word of incitement or encourage- 
ment. Shakspeare. 

ONCE, wunse. 165. ad. [the genitive case of one ; 
anij*, anef, Sax.] One time. Bacon. A single 
time. Locke. The same time. Milton. At a point 
of time indivisible. Dryden. One time, though no 
more. Dryden. At the time immediate. Atterbury. 
Formerly ; at a former time. Denham. At a fu- 
ture time. Bp. Hall. — Once seems to be rather 
a noun than an adverb, when it has at before it, 
and when it is joined with an adjective : as, this 
once, iliat once. 

ONE, w&n. 165. a. [an, sen, Sax. ; een, Dutch.] Less 
than two; single; denoted by a unit. Daniel. 
Indefinitely: any; some one. SJiak. Different; 
diverse ; opposed to another. Shak. One of two, 
opposed to the other. Deui. iv. Not many ; the 
same. Pearson. Particularly one. Spenser. Some 
future. Dairies. 

{£p This word and its relatives, once and none, are, per- 
haps, the best tests of a residence in the capital. In 
some parts of the island, they are pronounced so as to 
give the o the sound it has in tone, sometimes the sound 
it has in jo-onc ,• but the true sound is that it has in son, 
done, &c, which is perfectly equivalent to the sound of 
« in sun. I never could make a northern inhabitant j 
of England pronounce the following sentence without I 
the greatest difficulty : " I have won one game, and 



you have won none ; you have not won onco, and that 
is wonderful ;" where we may observe, that the o in 
won is the exact sound it has in one, once, and wonder 
fid. TV. 

ONE, won. n. a-. A single person. Shak. A single 
mass or aggregate. Blackmore. The first hour 
Slutk. The same thing. Shak. A person„jndefi 
nitely and loose. Watts. A person, by way of 
eminence. Shak. A distinct or particular person 
Bacon. Persons united. Shak. Concord ; agree- 
ment; one mind. Bacon, [on, I' on, Fr.] Any 
person ; any man, indefinitely. Sidney. A person 
of particular character. Shak. One has some! imes 
a plural, when it stands for persons indefinitely, as, 
the great ones of the world. 

O'NEBERRY, wfin'-beY-re. n. s. Wolfsbane. 

O NEEYED, wfin'-lde. 283. a. Having only one eye. 
Dryden. 

ONEIROCRFTICAL §, o-nl-ro-krlt'-te-kal. a. [6vu- 
poKotTLKos-'] Interpretative of dreams. Addison. 

ONEIROCRFTICK, 6-nl-r6-krIt'-tlk. n. s. An in- 
terpreter of dreams. Addison. 

ONEIROCRFT1CKS* c-nl-ro-kriY-tlks. n.s. pi. 
Interpretations of dreams. Bentley. 

ONEIROMA'NCY*, o-ni'-ro-man-se. n. s. [Svupos 
and y.av~da.~\ Divination by dreams. Spenser. 

O'NEMENT*, wun'-ment. n.s. State of being one; 
union. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 

ONENESS, w&n'-nes. n. s. Unity ; the quality of 
being one. Hooker. 

O'NERARY.an'-ner-rar-re. 512. a. [oneranus, Lat.] 
Fitted for carriage or burthens ; comprising a bur- 
then. 

To ONERATE §,6n'-ner-rate.9l.?>.a. [onero, Lat.] 
To load ; to burthen. 

ONERA'TION, on-ner-a'-shun. n.s. The act of 
loading. Did. 

ONEROUS, &n / -ner-fis. 314. a. [onerosus, Lat.] 
Burthensome; oppressive. Burton. 

O'NION, fln'-yfin. 113,165. n.s. [oignon, Fr.] A 
plant. Sliakspeare. 

ONLY, one'-le. a. [from one, onely, or onelike. ; sen- 
ile, Sax.] Single ; one, and no more. Dryden. 
This and no other. Drayton. This above all 
other : as, He is the only man for musick. Spenser. 
Alone. Spense): t - 

O'NLY, c-ne'-le. ad. Simply; singly; merely; bare- 
ly. Burnet. So and no otherwise. Gen. vi. Sin- 
gly , without more : as, only begotten. 

O'NOMANCY §, on'-no-man-se. 519. n.s. [Svofta and 
uavreiq.] Divination by a name. Camden. 

ONOMA'NTICAL, dn-ni-man'-te-kal. a. Predict- 
ing by names. Camden. 

0'NSET§, brisk, n.s. [on and set.] Attack; storm; 
assault ; first brunt. Sidney. Something added or 
set on by way of ornamental appendage. Nicholson. 
A beginning; an inchoation or onset. Sluikspeare. 

ToO'NSET, 6n'-s&. v. a. To set upon; to begin. 
Carew. Ob. J. 

ONSLAUGHT, 6n'-slawt. n.s. [on-fla^an, Sax.J 
Attack; storm; onset. Hudibras. Ob. J. 

ONTOLOGIST, dn-t&l'-lA-jist. n.s. One who con- 
siders the affections of being in general ; a meta- 
physician. 

ONTOLOGY §, 6n-t6l / -lo-je. 518. n.s. [dvra and 
Xoyog.] The science of the affections of being in 
general ; metaphysicks. Watts. 

ONWARD, (W-ward. 88. ad. [onbpeapb, Sax.] 
Forward, progressively. Shak. In a state of ad- 
vanced progression. Dryden. Somewhat farther. 
Milton. 

ONWARD*, on'-ward. a. Advanced ; increased • 
improved. Sidney. Conducting ; leading forward 
to perfection. Home. 

O'N WARDS* 6n'-wardz. ad. In progression. Bp. 
Hall. 

O'NYCHA, 6n'-ne-ka. 353, 92. n.s. The odoriferous 
snail or shell, and the stone onyx. Exodus, xxx. 

ONYX, 6 / -niks. n.s. [ow!-.] A semipellucid gem, 
of which there are several species, but the bluish- 
white kind, with brown ana white zones, is the 
true onyx of the ancients. Hill. 
648 



OPE 



OPI 



-n6, move, nflr, not;— tube, tflb, bi\ll;— oil;— pound;— thin, mi 



OOZE$,odze. 306'. n.s. [peer, Sax.] Soft mud ; mire 

at tiie bottom of water ; slime. S/jo/c. Soft flowj 

spring. Prior. The liquor of a tanner's vat. 

Woodland Companion. 
To OOZE, doze. v. n. To flow by stealth j to run 

gently. Dnjden. - 
O'OZY, 66-ze. a. Miry; muddy; slimy. King. 
To OPA'UATE, d-pa'-kate. 503. r. a. \opaco, Lat.] 

To shade ; to cloud ; to darken. Boyle. 
OPACITY $, 6-pas'-se-te. re. 5. [opacite 1 , Fr. ; o/wci- 

tas, Lat.] Cloudiness ; want of transparency. 

Brown. 
OP A COLTS, o-pi'-kfis. 314. a. [opacus, Lat.] Dark; 

obscure ; not transparent. Digby. 
OPA'COUSNESS*, 6-pa'-kfis-nes. re. s. The state 

of being opaque. Evelyn. 
O'PAL, o'-pal. 88. re. s. A singular kind of stone, 

which hardly comes within the rank of the pellucid 

ferns, being much more opaque, and less hard, 
n colour it resembles the finest mother-of-pearl ; 
its basis seeming a bluish or grayish-white, but 
with a property of reflecting all the colours of the 
rainbow, as turned differently to the light. Hill. 

OPA'QUE, 6-pake'. 337,415. a. Dark; not trans- 
parent; cloudy. More. 

OPA'QUE*, 6-pake'. re. s. Opacity. Young. 

OPAQUENESS*, 6-pake'-ncs. re. s. State of being 
opaque. More. 

To OPE §, ope. I v. a. [open, Sax.] To un- 

To O'PEN $, 6'-pn. 103. J close ; to unlock : the con- 
trary to shut. 3Iilton. Brown. To show; to dis- 
cover. Abbot. To divide ; to break. Addison. To 
explain ; to disclose. Hooker. To begin. Dnjden. 

To OPE, 6pe. Iv.n. To unclose itself ; not 

To O'PEN, 6'-pn. 103. $ to remain shut. Dnjden. 
To bark : a term of hunting. Shakspeare. 

OPE, 6pe. ) a. Unclosed; not shut. Shak. 

O'PEN, o'-pn. 103. ) Plain ; apparent ; evident. 
Heb. vi. Not wearing disguise; clear; artless; 
sincere. Sidney. Not clouded ; clear. Dry den. 
Not hidden; exposed to view. Burnet. Not re- 
strained ; not denied ; not precluded. Acts, xix. 
Not cloudy ; not gloomy ; not frosty. Bacon. Un- 
covered. Grower. Exposed ; without defence. Shak 
Attentive. Jer. xxxii. 

O'PEN ER, 6'-pn-fir. 98. n.s. One that opens, unlocks, 
uncloses. Milton. Explainer; interpreter. Shak 
That which separates ; disuniter. Boyle. 

OPENEYE'D, <y-pn-ide. 283. a. Vigilant ; watchful 
Shakspeare. 

OPENHA'NDED, 6-pn-hand'-ed. a. Generous; 
liberal ; munificent. South. 

OPENHE'ADED*, 6-pn-hed'-ed. a. Bareheaded. 
Chaucer. 

OPENHEA'RTED, 6-pn-hart'-ed. a. Generous; 
candid; not meanlv subtle. Dry den. 

OPENHEA'RTEDNESS, 6-pn-harf-ed-nes. n.s 
Liberality; frankness; munificence; generosity 
More. 

O'PENING. 6'-pn-?ng. 410. n.s. Aperture; breach 
Woodward. Discovery at a distance ; faint knowl- 
edge; dawn. South. 

O'PENLY, o'-pn-le. ad. [openlice, Sax.] Publickly; 
not secretly; in sight. Hooker. Plainly; appa- 
rently; evidently; without disguise. Dnjden. 

OPENMOU'THED, 6-pn-mSuTHd'. a. Greedy; 
ravenous; clamorous; vociferous. Toiler. 

OPENNESS, o'-pn-nes. re. s. Plainness; clearness ; 
freedom from obscurity or ambiguity. Sliak. Plain- 
ness ; freedom from disguise. Felton. Openness 
of weather, i. e. mildness. Sherwood. 

O'PETIDE*, 6pe'-tlde. re.s. [ope and tide.] The an- 
cient time of marriage from Epiphany to Ash- 
wednesday. Bp. Hall. 

OPERA, op'-per-ra. 92. re. s. [Ital.] A poetical tale 
or fiction, represented by vocal and instrumental 
mnsick, adorned with scenes, machines, and dan- 
cing. Dryden. 

OTERABLE, dp'-per-a-bl. 405. a. [operor, Lat.] 
To be done ; practicable. Brown. Ob. J. 

O'PERANT, 6p'-per-rant. a. [Fr.] Active ; having 
power to produce any effect. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 



To OTERATE$, 6p'-per-aie. 91. v.n. [operor, 
Lat.] To act ; to have agency; to produce effects. 
Atterbnry. 

OPERA'TION, ftp-peWi'-shfin. re.s. [operatio, Lat.] 

Agency; production of effects ; influence. Hooker. 
Action ; effect. Hammond. [In chirurgery.l The 
part of the art of healing which depends on the use 
of instruments. The motions or employments of 
an army. 
O'PERATlVE, 6p'-per-ra-tiv. 512. a. Having the 
power of acting ; having forcible agency ; active ; 
vigorous ; efficacious. Raleigh. 
O'PERATOlt, 6p'-per-rii-tar. 321. re. 5. [operaleur, 
Fr.] One that performs any act of the hand ; ono 
who produces any effect. Addison. 
O'PEROSE, 6p-per-r6se'. a. [operosus, Lakl Labo- 
rious; full of trouble and tediousness. Stilling 
fleet. 
O'PERQSENESS*, 6p'-p6r-r6se-nes. re.s. Slate of 

being Operose. More. 
OPERO'SITY*, op-per-ros'-se-te. re.s. Operation; 

action. Bp. Hall. 
OPHIO'PPIAGOUS,6-fe-6f'-a-gus. a. [S^s and <pd- 

yw.~\ Serpent-eating. Broion. Ob. J. 
OPHPTES, d-fi'-tez. re. s. A stone, resembling a 

serpent. Woodicird. 
OPHIU'CHUS*, 6-fe-u'-ktis. re. s. [o<piovx<x ■] A con 

stellation of the northern hemisphere. Milton. 
OPHTHA'LMICK, tp-thkY-mlk. a. Relating to the 

eye. 
$5= Two aspirations in succession, says Mr. Elphinston, 
seem disagreeable to an English ear, and therefore one 
of them is generally sunk. Thus diphthong and triph- 
thong are pronounced dipthong and tripthong. P is 
lost, as well as A, in apophthegm ; and therefore it is no 
wonder we hear the first A dropped in ophthahny and 
ophthalmick. which is the pronunciation I have adopt- 
ed as agreeable to analogy. Nay, such an aversion do 
we seem to have to a succession of aspirates, that the 
A is sunk in isthmus, Esther, and Demosthenes, because 
the s, which is akin to the aspiration, immediately pre- 
cedes. Mr. Sheridan pronounces the first syllable of 
this word like off, but the first of diphthong and triph- 
thong like dip and trip. Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and 
Mr. Perry, have not got this word, but pronounce diph- 
thong and triphthong in the same manner as Mr. Sheri- 
dan. Dr. Kenrick also wants the word ; he gives no 
pronunciation to diphthong, but makes the h silent in 
triphthong ; while Barclay pronounces the A in ophthal- 
miclc, but makes it either way in diphthong, and silent 
in triphthong. It may be remarked, that Dr. Jones, 
who wrote a spelling dictionary in Q,ucen Anne's time, 
•makes the A in these two words silent. TV. 

O'PHTHALMY §, op'-tftal-me. re.s. [<ty0afyo ? .] A 
disease of the eyes, being an inflammation in the 
coats, proceeding from arterious blood gotten out 
of the vessels and collected into those parts. Diet. 

O'PIATE, 6'-pe-ate. 91. re.s. [from opium.] A medi- 
cine that causes sleep. Bentley. 

O'PIATE, 6'-pe-ate. 91. a. Soporiferous ; somnifer- 
ous ; narcotick ; causing sleep. Bacon. 

O'PIFICE §, op'-e-fk re. s. [opificium, Lat.] Work- 
manship; handiwork. Did. 

OPPFICER, 6-pif'-e-sur. re.s. [opifex, Lat.] One 
that performs any work ; artist. Bentley. Not used. 

OPI'NABLE, 6-pl'-na-bi. a. [opinar, Lat.] Which 
may be thought. Diet. 

OPINA'TION, 6p-e-na'-shun. re. s. Opinion ; notion. 
Diet. 

OPPNATIVE*, 6-p?n'-a-tiv. a. Stiff in a preconceiv- 
ed notion. Burton. We now say opinionaiAre. 

OPINA'TOR, 6-pm'-a-uV. re.s. One who holds an 
opinion ; one fond of his own notion. Glanville. 

To OPPNEy, 6-plne'. v. re. [opinor, Lat.] To think; 
to judge; to be of opinion. South. 

OPI'NER*, 6-pP-nfir. re. s. One who holds an opin- 
ion. Bp. Taylor. 

OPINING*, 6-pi'-n?ng. re. s. Opinion ; notion. Bp. 
Taylor. 

OPINIA'STRE* o-pm-ye-as'-tur. ) a. [opinias- 

OPINIA'STROUS*, 6-pfa-ye-asMrfis. > tre, Fr.] 
Fond of one's own opinion. Raleigh. Not in use. 

To OPI'NIATE*, 6-pm'-ye-ate. v. a. To maintain 
obstinately. Barrow. 

64U 



OPP 



OPP 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



OPFNIATIVE, i-pm'-ye-a-t'iv. 113. a. Stiff in a 
preconceived notion. Sir E. Sandys. Imagined ; 
not proved. Glanville. 
OPFNIATIVENESS^-pln'-ye-*-^-?^- n.s. In- 
flexibility of opinion; obstinacy. Raleigh. 
OPINIA'TOR, 6-pm-ye-a/-tur. 521. n. s. [opiniatre, 

Fr.] One fond of his own notion. Raleigh. 
OPINIATRE, 6-pm-ye-a'-tfir.416. a. [Fr.] Obsti- 
nate ; stubborn ; inflexible. Milton. 
OPINIA'TRE*, 6-pm-ye-a -tfir. n.s. One fond of his 

own notions. Barrow. 
OPINIA'TRETY. 6-pm-ye-a/-tre-te. ) n. s. Obsti- 
OPINIA'TRY, o-pm-ye-a'-tre. $ » ac T5 in- 

flexibility; determination of mind ; stubbornness. 
Brown. Not in use. 
OPFNION §, 6-pm'-y6n. 113, 550. n. s. [Fr. ; opinio, 
Lat.] Persuasion of the mind, without proof or 
certain knowledge. Hale. Sentiments ; judgement ; 
notion. Selden. favourable judgement. Hayward. 
Reputation. Sliakspeare. 
To OPPINION, 6-puV-yun. v. a. To opine ; to think. 

Brown. Ob. J. 
OPFNIONED*, i-pm'-yund. a. Attached to par- 
ticular opinions ; conceited. South. 
OPFNION ATE*, 6-pm / -yfin-ate. ) a. Obstinate ; 
OPINIONATED*, o-pln'-y&n-a-ted. \ inflexible in 

opinion. Bp. Bedell. 
OPFNIONATELY*, i-pin'-yun-ate-le. ad. Obsti- 
nately ; conceitedly. Fellham. 
OPFNION ATIVE, o-pin'-yun-na-tk. 512. a. Fond 

of preconceived notions ; stubborn. Glanville. 
OPFNION ATIVELY, 6-pln'-y Qn-na-uV-le. ad. Stub- 
bornly. 
OPFNION ATIVENESS, 6-pm / -yun-na-tiv-nes. n. s. 

Obstinacy. 
OPFNION 1ST, 6-p?n'-yun-n?st. n. s. [opinioniste, 

Fr.l One fond of his own notions. Glanville. 
OPFPAROUS, 6-pV-a-rus. a. [opiparus, Lat.] 

Sumptuous. Diet. 
OPITULA'TION, c-pnsh-u-la'-shim. n. s. [ppitula- \ 

tio, Lat.] An aiding; a helping. Diet. 
O'PIUM, o'-pe-um. n.s. [omov, from birds.'] A juice, 
partly resinous, partly gummy, of a very bitter and 
acrid taste, and of soporifick qualities, as prescribed 
in medicine. Hill. 
OPLE-TREE, 6'-pl-tre. n.s. [opulus, Lat.] A sort 

of tree; the witch-hazel. Ainsworth. 
OPOBALSAMUM, o-pi-bal'-sa-mum. n. s. [Lat.] 

BalmofGilead. 
OPODE'LDOC*, 6p-6-deT-dok. n. s. The name of 

a plaster; and also of a popular ointment. 
OPO'PONAX, d-po'-po-naks. n.s. [Lat.] A gum 
resin, of a strong, disagreeable smell, and acrid and 
bitter taste, brought from the East ; but we are en- 
tirely ignorant of the plant which produces this 
drug. Hill. 
OPO'SSUM*, o-pos'-siim. n. s. An American ani- 
mal. Guthrie. 
OTPIDAN, op'-pe-dan. n.s. [opvidanus, Lat.l A 

townsman ; an inhabitant of a town. A. Wood. 
OTPIDAN*, 6p ; -pe-dan. a. Relating to a town. 

Howell. 
To OPPFGNERATE, op-p?g'-ner-rate. v. a. [op- 
pio-nero, LatJ To pledge; to pawn. Bacon. Ob. J. 
To OPPILATE §, 6p'-pe-late. v. a. [oppilo, Lat. ; 

oppikr, Fr.] To heap up obstruction. Cockeram. 
OPPILA'TION, 6p-pe-la'-shun. n.s. Obstruction; 

matter heaped together. Burton. 
O'PPILATIVE, &p'-pe-la-uV. a. Obstructive. Sher- 
wood. 
OPPLE'TED, 6p-ple'-ted. a. [oppletus, Lat.] Filled; 

crowded. 
To OPPO'NE§*, op-pone', v. a. [oppono, Lat.] To 

oppose. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
OPPO'NENCY*, op-pc-'-nen-se. n. s. The opening an 
academical disputation ; the proposition of objec- 
tions to a tenet ; an exercise for a degree. 
OPPONENT, op-pi'-nent. a. Opposite; adverse. 
OPPO'NENT, 6p-p6'-nent. n.s. [opponens, Lat.] 
Antagonist ; adversary. One who begins the dis- 
pute by raising objections to a tenet, correlative to 
the defendant or respondent. Hooker. 



OPPORTUNE §, 6p-p&r-tune'. a. [opportun,Fr. 
opporiunus, Lat.] Seasonable; convenient; fit; 
timely ; well-timed ; proper. Bacon. 

OPPORTUNELY, op-p&r-tune'-le. ad. Seasona- 
bly; conveniently; with opportunity either of time 
or place. Bacon. 

OPPORTUNITY, op-p&r-uY-ne-te. n, s. [ppporlu- 
nitas, Lat.] Fit time ; fit place ; time ; convenience ; 
suitableness of circumstances to any end. Bucon. 

OPPO'SAL*, 6p-p6 / -zal. n.s. Opposition. Bit T. 
Herbert. 

To OPPOSE §, op-poze'. v. a. [opposer, Fr. ; oppo- 
no, Lat.] To act against ; to be adverse ; to hin- 
der; to resist. Shak. To put in opposition ; to offer 
as an antagonist or rival. Locke. To place as an 
obstacle. Shak. To place in front. Sliakspeare. 

£3= The 0, in the first syllable of this word, has the same 
tendency to a long open sound as in occasion. The 
same may be observed of oppress and its compounds. - 
See Occasion and Efface. TV. 

To OPPOSE, op-p6ze'. v.n. To act adversely. 
Shak. To object in a disputation; to have the 
part of raising difficulties against a tenet supposed 
to be right. 

OPPOSELESS, op-p6zeMes. a. Irresistible; not to 
be opposed. Sliakspeare. 

OPPO SER, op-pi'-zur. 98. n. s. One that opposes ; 
antagonist ; enemy ; rival. Sliakspeare. 

O'PPOSITE $, 6p'-p6-z?t. 156. a. [Fr. ; oppositus, 
Lat.] Placed in front; facing each other. Milton. 
Adverse; repugnant. Dryden. Contrary. Tillot- 
son. 

O'PPOSITE, dp'-po-zu. 156. n.s. Adversary; op- 
ponent ; antagonist • enemy. Hooker. 

OPPOSITELY, op'-po-zu-le. ad. In such a situation 
as to face each other. Grew. Adversely. May. 

O'PPOSITENESS^p^-zit-nes. n. s. The state of 
being opposite. 

OPPOSITION, op-pc-zlsh'-un. n.s. [Fr.; oppositio. 
Lat.] Situation so as to front something opposed; 
standing over against. Hostile resistance. Milton. 
Contrariety of affection. Tillotson. Contrariety of 
interest; contrariety of measures. Pearson. Con- 
trariety of meaning ; diversity of meaning. Hooker. 
Inconsistency; contradiction. Locke. Ihe collec- 
tive body of members of both houses of parliament, 
who oppose the ministry, or the measures of gov- 
ernment. Burke. 

OTPOSITIVE*, dp'-pc-ze-uV. a. Capable of be- 
ing put in opposition. Bp. Hall. 

To OPPRESS §, op-prey. [See Oppose.] v. a. 
[oppress?is, Lat.] To crush by hardship or unrea- 
sonable severity. Jer. i. To overpower; to sub 
due. Sliakspeare. 

OPPRESSION, 6p-presh / -6n. n. s. The act of op- 
pressing ; cruelty ; severity. Eccles. v. The state 
of being oppressed ; misery. Shak. Hardship ; 
calamity. Addison. Dulness of spirits; lassitude 
of body. Arbuthnot. 

OPPRESSIVE, &p-pres'-s?v. a. Cruel ; inhuman ; 
unjustly exactious or severe. Heavy; overwhelm 
ing. Rowe. 

OPPRESSIVELY*, Sp-pres'-slv-le. ad. In an op- 
pressive or severe manner. Burke. 

OPPRESSOR, op-pres'-sfir. 98. n.s. [oppressetcr r 
Fr.] One who harasses others with unreasonable oc 
unjust severity. Sandys. 

OPPROBRIOUS $, op-pnV-bre-us. a. [opprobrium, 
Lat.] Reproachful ; disgraceful ; causing infamy; 
scurrilous. Hooker. Blasted with infamy. Daniel. 

OPPRO'BRIOUSLY, Sp-pro'-bre-us-le, ad. Re- 
proachfully ; scurrilously. Sliakspeare. 

OPPRO'BRIOUSNESS, op-pro'-bre-us-nes. n s, 
Reproachfulness ; scurrility. 

OPPROBRIUM*, 6p-pr6'-bre-fim. n. s. [Lat.] 
Disgrace ; infamy. Scott. 

To OPPU'GN §, op-pune'. 386. v. a. [oppugno, Lat.] 
To oppose ; to attack ; to resist. Hooker. 

OPPU'GN ANCY, 6p-pug'-nan-se. n .s. Opposition. 
Sliakspeare. 

OPPUGNA'TION*, &p-pug-na'-shun. n.s. Resist- 
ance. Bp. Hall. 

650 



ORA 








ORB 


— n6, move, 


nftr, n&t ; 


-u\be, tub, bull ;— 6'il ; 


— pound ; 


— th'm, THis. 



OPPUGNER, dp-pune'-ur. 71. s. Oue who opposes 

or attacks. Burton. 
53r Mr. Sheridan sounds the g in this word, though not 
in the verb from which it is formed : hut that this is 
contrary to analogy, see Principles, No. 386. W. 
OPSI'MATHY, 6p-sinV-a-tfie. 518. n.s. [tyipdfta.] 

Late education; late erudition. Hales. 
OPSONA'TION, 6p-s6-na'-shun. n. s. [opsonatio, 

Lat.] Catering ; a buying provisions. Dirt. 
O'PTABLE, &p'-ta-bl. 405. a. Desirable ; to be 

wished. 
To O'PTATEy* dp'-tate. v. a. [ppto, Lat.] To 
choose ; to wish for ; to desire. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 
OPTA'TION*, 6p-uV-shun. n. s. The expression of 

a wish. Peaclmm. Ob. T. 
OPTATIVE, op'-ta-tfv, or op-ta'-tlv. 505. a. [opta- 
tivits, Lat.] Expressive of desire. W. Mountague. 
Belonging to that mood of a verb which expresses 
desire. Clarke. 
$3=- Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, En- 
tick, Barclay, and Buchanan, accent this word on the 
first syllable ; and Dr. Kenrick, Bailey, W. Johnston, 
and Mr. Perry, on the second. That the last is more 
general, particularly in grammar schools, will he readi- 
ly acknowledged ; but that the first is more correct and 
agreeable to analogy, cannot be denied : for this word 
is not so naturally derived from the classical optatus 
as the lower Latin optativus .• and why thi3 word 
should transfer its penultimate accent to the first sylla- 
ble of the English word may be seen under the words 
Academy, Incomparable, &c. TV. 
OPTICAL, opMe-kal. 88. a. Relating to the science 

of opticks. Boyle. 
OPTI'CIAN, dp-t'fsh'-un. 357. n.s. One skilled in 
opticks. A. Smith. One who makes or sells op- 
tick glasses. Adams. 
O'PTICK, op-'-tik. ;i. [oVrt/coj.] Visual; producing 
vision; subservient to vision. Newton. Relating 
to the science of vision. Wotton. 
O'PTICK, op'-tlk. n.s. An instrument of sight; an 

organ of sight. Brown. 
OPTICKS, op'-tlks. n. s. The science of the nature 

and laws of vision. Broivn. 
OPTIMACY §, op'-te-ma-se. n. s. [optimaies, Lat.] 

Nobility ; body of nobles. Raleigh. 
OPTIMISM*, op'-te-mlzm. n.s. [optimus, Lat.] The 
doctrine that every thing in nature is ordered for 
the best. Dr. Warton. 
OPTI'MITY, dp-tim'-me-te. n. s. The state of being 

best. 
OPTION y , op'-sh&n. n.s. [optio, Lat.] Choice ; 
election ; power of choosing. Bacon. Wish. Lay- 
?mn's Defence of Christianity . A choice of prefer- 
ment belonging to the patronage of suffragans, 
made by the archbishops of Canterbury and York, 
on the promotion of the person to a bishoprick. Nets. 
OPTIONAL*, op'-shfin-al. a. Leaving somewhat to 

choice. Blackstone. 
OPULENCE $, op'-pu-lense. )n.s. [opilentia.L&t.] 
OPULENCY§,&p'-p6-len-s&. ) Wealth ; riches ; af- 
fluence. Shakspeare. 
OPULENT, op'-pu-lent. a. [ppidentus, Lat.] Rich ; 

wealthv ; affluent. Bacon. 
OPULENTLY, op'-pu-lent-le. ad. Richly; with 

splendour. 
OR, 6r. 167. conj. [ocSep., Sax.] A disjunctive parti- 
cle, marking distribution, and sometimes opposition. 
Burnet. It corresponds to either : He must either fall 
or fly. Addison. [op.,oraep.e,Sax.] Before. Or and 
ere were formerly indiscriminately used. Bp. Fisher. 
OR. n. s. [Fr.] Gold. A term of heraldry. Phillips. 
O'RACH, 6'-ratsh. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
O'RACLE §, &r'-ra-kl. 168, 405. n. s. [Fr. ; oraailum, 
Lat.] Something delivered by supernatural wis- 
dom. Hooker. The place where, or person of 
whom, the determinations of heaven are inquired. 
Shak. Any person or place where certain decis- 
ions are obtained. Pope. One famed for wisdom. 
To ORACLE, or'-ra-kl. v. n. To utter oracles. Milt. 
ORACULAR, d-rak'-ku-lar. ) 170. a. Uttering or- 
ORA'CULOUS, i-rak'-ku-lus. \ acles ; resembling 
oracles. Sandys. Positive ; authoritative. Glan- 
ville. Obscure; ambiguous. Bacon. 



ORA'CULARLY, 6-rak'-ku-lar-le. }*d. In man- 

OKA'CULOUSLY, 6-rak'-ku-lus-l6. \ ner of an 
oracle. Broun. Authoritatively ; positively. Burke. 

ORA'CULOUSNESS, d-rak'-ku-lus-ncs. n. s. The 
sialc of being oracular. 

O'RAISON, 6r / -re-zun. n. s. [oraison, Fr.; oratio, 
Lat.] Prayer; verbal supplication ; or oral wor- 
ship : more frequently written orison. Temple. 

O'RALy^'-ral. 88. a. [Fr. ;os,oris, Lat.] Deliver- 
ed by tnouth ; not written. Locke. 

ORALLY, 6'-ral-le. ad. By mouth; without writ- 
ing. Hale. In the mouth. Bp. Hall. 

ORANGE, ftr'-rlnje. 90. n.s. [Fr.] The orange tree 
and fruit. Miller. 

O'RANGERY, o-rawn'-zher-k [See Encore.] 
[6-nuV-zher-e, Jones ; 6r'-an-jer-e, Perry.] n. s 
[orangerie, Fr.] Plantation of oranges. Spectator. 

ORANGEMUSK, or'-rinje-musk. n. s. A species 
of pear. 

O'RANGEWIFE, or'-rinje-wlfe. n. s. A woman who 
sells oranges. Sha/cspeare: 

ORANGETAWNY, cV-rlnje-taw-ne. n. s. [orange 
and tawny.'] A colour so called. Bacon. 

ORANGETAWNY*, or'-rlnje-taw-ne. a. Of a 
colour resembling an orange; nearly red. Bacon. 

ORA'TION^, 6-ra'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; oratio, Lat.] A 
speech made according to the laws of rhetorick ; a 
harangue ; a declamation. Waits. 
1 To ORA'TIQN* 6-ra{-shfin. v. n. To make a speech ; 
I to harangue. Donne. Ob. T. 

ORATOR, oV-ra-ter. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A publick 
speaker ; a man of eloquence. Shak. A petition- 
er. This sense is used in addresses to chancery. 

ORATO'RICAL, or-a-tor'-re-kal. a. Rhetorical; 
befitting an orator. Favour. 

QRATORIAL*, or-a-to'-re-al. ) a. Rhetorical ; 

ORATORIOUS* 6r-a-l6'-re-ns. ] befitting an or- 
ator. Bp. Taylor. 

ORATO'RIALLY*, 6r-a-t6'-re-al-!e. )ad. In a 

ORATORIOUSLY*, or-a-ti'-re-us-le. ] rhetorical 
manner. Bp. Taylor. 

ORATO'RIO^, or A-ib'-vb-b. n.s. [Ital.] A kind 
of sacred drama, the subject of it being generally 
taken from the Scriptures, set to musick. Mason. 

ORATORY, or'-ra-tur-e. 557. n. s. [oratoria ars, 
Lat.] Eloquence; rhetorical expression. Sidney 
Exercise of eloquence. Arbuthnot. [oratoire, Fr. j 
At first it signified a closet ; then, a private place, 
allotted for prayer alone ; and also a place for pub- 
lick worship. Sir T. Elyot. 

O'RATRESS*, 6r'-ra-tres. ( n. s. A female orator. 

ORATRIX*, 6V-ra-triks. ] Warner. 

ORB§, 6rb. n. s. [orbe, Fr. ; orbis, Lat.] Sphere ; 
orbicular body. Woodward. Circular body. Dry- 
den. Mundane sphere ; celestial body. Shakspeare. 
Wheel ; any rolling body. Milton. Circle ; line 
drawn round. Holy day. Circle described by any 
of the mundane spheres. Bacon. Period; revolu- 
tion of time. Milton. Sphere of action. Shak. The 
eye. Milton. 
To "ORB*, 6rb. v. a. To round; to fonn into a circle. 
Milton. 

ORBA'TION, or-ba'-shfin. n. s. [orbatio, Lat.] Pri- 
vation of parents or children ; any privation ; pov- 
erty. Coclceram. 

ORBED, or'-bgd, or orb'd. 359. a. Round ; circu- 
lar; orbicular. Shakspeare. 

ORBICK*, cV-blk. a. [orbicus, Lat.] Circular; 

spherical. Bacon. 
ORBI'CULAR, 6r-blk'-ku-lar. 88. a. [orbiculaire, 

Fr.] Spherical. Milton. Circular. Addison. 
ORBI'CULARLY, or-bik'-ku-lar-le. ad. Spherical- 



ly; circularly. 
ORBFCULARNESS, 6r-bik'-ku-lar-nes. n. 



The 



state of being orbicular. 

ORBFCULATED, dr-bik'-ku-la-tgd. a. Moulded 
into an orb. 

ORBICULA'TION*, or-bfk-ku-la'-shfin. n. s. Stale 
of being moulded into an orb or circle. More. 

ORBIT, 6r'-blt. n. s. [orbite, Fr. ; orbita, Lat.] The 
line described by the revolution of a planet. Black- 
more. A small orb. Young. 
651 



ORD 



ORG 



QJ 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



O'RBITUDE, or'-be-tude. > n.s. [orbitudo, and o?-Z>i- 
O'RBITY, dr'-be-te. 5 tas, Lat.] Loss or want 

of parents or children; loss of husband or wife ; any 
privation. Bp. Hall. IV 

O'RBY, or'-be. a. Resembling- an orb. Cliapman.Ob 
ORG, 6rk. n. s. [orca, Lat. ; opya, Gr.] A sea-fish ; 

a species of whale. Drayton. 
O'RCHAL, 6r'-kal. 88. n.s. A stone from which a 

blue colour is made. Ainsworth. 
O'RCHANET, dr'-ka-net. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
O'RCHARD^, or'-tshard. 88. n. s. [opfc£eapb, 

Sax.] A garden of fruit trees. Bacon. 
(ORCHARDING*, or'-tshSrd-mg. n. s. Cultivation 

of orchards. Evelyn. 
O'RCHARDIST*, dp'-tshurd-?st. n. s. One who cul- 
tivates orchards. Trans. Adelpfd Soc. xiii. 
O'RCHESTRE, flr'-k&s-tfir. 416. ; n.s. [bpx'icTpa.l 
ORCHESTRA*, 6r-keV-tra.503. $ A place for 
publick exhibition ; the place where the musicians 
are set at a publick show; the band of musicians. 
Marston. 

TtCj" Orchestra is accented on the first syllable by Dr. 
Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, 
Buchanan, Entick, Perry, and Barclay ; and by Mr. Bai- 
ley and W. Johnston on the second ; and by Dr. Kenrick 
on either. The first mode has not only the majority of 
votes in its favour, but is agreeable to the general anal- 
ogy of words of three syllables, which, when not of our 
own formation, commonly adopt the antepenultimate 
accent. The exception to this rule will be found under 
the next word. 

Orchestra is accented on the first syllable by Dr. Ash, 
Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Entick, and Barclay ; but Mr. 
Nares says it is accented on the sGcond, as I have given 
it. For, notwithstanding the numbers against me, the 
very general rule is on my side ; which is, that, when 
we adopt a word whole from the Latin or Greek, it 
ought to have the same accent as in those languages. — 
See Principles, No. 503. W. 

O'RCHIS*, Sr'-kk n. s. A plant. Swinburne. 

ORD ; 6rd. n. s. An edge, or sharpness. Gibson. Ord, 
in old English, signified beginning. Cluxucer. 

To 0RDA°1N, 6r-dane'. v. a. [ordino, Lat.] To ap- 
point; to decree. 1 Kings, xii. To establish; to 
settle ; to institute. 1 Chron. xvii. To set in an of- 
fice. Esther, xiii. To invest with ministerial func- 
tion. or sacerdotal power. Stiliingjleet. 

ORDA'INABLE*, Sr-da'-na-bl. a. That may be 
appointed. Bp. Hall. 

ORDA'INER, dr-dane'-fir. 98. n. s. He who ordains. 
Barrow. He who invests with ministerial function, 
or sacerdotal power. Bp. Bedell. 

O'RDEAL, 6r'-de-al, or dr'-je-al. 263. n. s. [opbal, 
Sax.] A trial by fire or water, by which the person 
accused appealed to heaven, by walking blindfold 
over hot bars of iron; or being thrown into the wa- 
ter, whence the vulgar trial of witches. Hakewill. 

O'RDER^, 6r'-dur. 98. n.s. [ordo, Lat.] Method; 
regular disposition. Bacon. Established process. 
Watts. Proper state. Locke. Regularity; settled 
mode. Daniel. Mandate ; precept ; command. 
Sluik. Rule ; regulation. Hooker. Regular gov- 
ernment. Daniel. A society of dignified persons 
distinguished by marks of honour. Bacon. A rank, 
or class. 2 Kings, xxiii. A religious fraternity. 
S'iak. [In the plural] Hierarchical slate. Dnjden. 
Means to an end. Bp. Taijlor. Measures ; care. 
Spenser. [In architecture,] A system of the sev- 
eral members, ornaments, and proportions, of col- 
umns and pilasters. There are five orders of col- 
umns ; three of which are Greek, viz. the Uorick, 
lonick, and Corinthian; and two Italian, viz. the 
Tuscan and Composite. Builder's Diet. 

To ORDER, dr'-dur. 98. v. a. To regulate; to ad- 
just; to manage ; to conduct. Psalm 1. To manage ; 
to procure. Spenser. To methodize ; to dispose fit- 
ly. Milton. To direct ; to command. Judges, vi. 
To ordain to sacerdotal function. Whitgift. 

To O'RDER, or'-d&r. v. n. To give command ; to 
give direction. Milton. 

O'RDERER, Sr'-dur-rur. 557. n. s. One that orders, 
methodizes, or regulates. Suckling. 

O'RDERING*, Sr'-dfir-nig. n. s. Disposition ; dis- 
tribution. 1 Chron. xxiv. 



O'RDERLESS, or'-dur-les. a. Disorderly; out of 
rule. Shakspeare. 

ORDERLINESS, 6r'-dur-le-nes. n.s. Regularity; 
methodicalness. 

O'RDERLY, dr'-dur-le. a. Methodical; regular. 
Hooker. Observant of method. Cliapman. Not 
tumultuous; well regulated. Clarendon. Accord- 
ing with established method. Hooker. 

O'RDERLY, dr'-dur-le. ad. Methodically; according 
to order; regular!}'. Hooker. 

ORDINABFL1TY*, Sr-de-na-bll'-e-te. n. s. Capa- 
bility of being appointed. Bp. Bull. 

O'RDINABLE, 6r'-de-na-bl. 435. a. [ordino, Lat.] 
Such as may be appointed. Hammond. 

O'RDINAL, or'-de-nal. 88. a. [ordinal, Fr.; ordina- 
te, Lat.] Noting order : as, second, third. Holder. 

O'RDINAL, or'-de-nal. n. s. [ordinate, Lat.] A rit- 
ual : a book containing orders. Skelton. 

O'RDINANCE, dr'-de-nanse. n. s. [ordonnance, Fr.] 
Law ; rule ; prescript. Spenser. Observance com- 
manded. Bp. Taylor. Appointment. Shak. A 
cannon. It is now generally written, for distinction, 
ordnance; its derivation is not certain. Shakspeare 

O'RDINANT*, cV-de-hint. a. [ordinans, Lat.] Oi 
daining ; decreeing. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

O'RDINARILY, Sr'-de-na-re-le. ad. According to 
established rules ; according to settled method. 
Hooker. Commonly; usuall v. Glanville. 

O'RDINARY, or'-de-na-re, or Srd'-na-re. a. [ordina- 
rius, Lat.] Established; methodical; regular. Ad- 
dison. Common ; usual. Tillotson. Mean; of low 
rank. Hooker. Ugly ; not handsome : as, She is an 
ordinary woman. 
DCF" Though it is allowable in colloquial pronunciation 
to drop the i in this word, and pronounce it in three syl- 
lables ; in solemn speaking, the i must be heard distinct- 
ly, and the word must have four syllables. — See Princi- 
ples, No. 374. W. 

O'RDINARY, 6r'-de-na-re. n. s. Established judge 
of ecclesiastical causes. Spenser. Settled estab- 
lishment. Bacon. Actual and constant office. Wotton. 

O'RDINARY, 6rd'-na-re. n. s. Regular price of a 
meal. Sfuxk. A place of eating established at a 
certain price. Swift. 

2t5= The i is never heard when the word is used in this 
sense. W. 

To ORDINATE §, 6r'-de-nate. v. a. [ordinatus, 
Lat.] To appoint. Daniel. 

O'RDINATE, 6r'-de-nate. 91. a. Regular; methodi- 
cal. Ray. 

ORDINATE*, or'-de-nate. n. s. A line drawn per- 
pendicular to the axis of a curve, and terminating 
the curvilinear space. Bp. Berkeley. 

O'RDINATELY*. 6r'-de-nate-le. ad. In a regular 
or methodical manner. Skelton. 

ORDINATION, or-de-na'-shfin. n. s. [ordinaiio, 
Lat.] Established order or tendency. Perkins. The 
act of investing any man with sacerdotal power. 
Stillingficet. 

O'RDINATIVE*, or'-de-na-llv. a. Directing; giv- 
ing order. Co/grave. 

O'RDNANCE, Ord'-nanse. n. s. Cannon ; great guns. 
Shakspeare. 

ORDO'NNANCE, 6r'-dun-nanse. n. s. [Fr.] Dis 
position of figures in a picture. Dryden. 

O'RDURE, or'-jure. 294, 376. n, s. [ord, old Fr. ; 
aur, or, Icel.] Dung; filth. Shakspeare. 

ORE, ore. n. s. [ope, or opa, Sax.] Metal unrefined; 
metal yet in its fossil state. Spenser. Metal. Mil- 
ton. A coin. Blount. 

O'READ*, &r'-e-ad. n. s. [Spo S .] A nymph of the 
mountains. Milton. 

O'RFGILD, 6rf'-g?ld. n.s. [opp-^ylb, Sax.] The 
restitution of goods or money taken away by a thief 
by violence, if the robbery was committed in the 
day-time. Ainsworth. 

CKRFRA YS*, 6r'-fraze. n. s. [orfrais, old FrjFringe 
of gold ; gold embroidery. Cluxucer. Ob. T. 

O'RGAL, 6r'-gal. n. s. Lees of wine. 

0'RGAN$, 6V-gan. n. s. [organe, Fr. ; dpyavov, Gr.} 
652 



ORI 



ORN 



-116, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, t&b, bull;— 611 ; — p6und;— thin, THis. 



Natural instrument ; as, the tongue is the organ of 
speech. Bacon. An instrument of musick consist- 
ing of pipes filled with wind, and of stops, touched 
by the hand. KeU, 
To ORGAN* dr'-gin. v. a. To form organically. 

Manmingham. Ob. T. 
ORGA NlCAL, dr-gan'-ne-kal. ; a. [orsrcmique, Fr. ; 
ORGA'NICK.ar-gan'-nlk. 509. \ organicus, Lat.l 
Consisting of various parts co-operating with each 
other. Donne. Instrumental ; acting as instruments 
of nature or art, to a certain end. Milton. Respect- 
ing organs. Ray. 
ORGA'RICALLY, 6r-gan'-ne-kal-le. ad. By means 
of organs or instruments. Locke. 

ORGA / NICALNESS,6r-gan / -ne-kaI-nes. n. s. State 
bf being or°anical. 

ORGANISM, dr'-gi-nlzm. n. s. Organical struc- 
ture. Grew. 

O'RGANIST, dr'-ga-nist. n. s. One who plays on 
the organ. Boyle. 

ORGANIZATION, dr-ga-ne-za'-shun. n.s. Con- 
struction in which the parts are so disposed, as to 
be subservient to each other. Glanville. 
To O'RGANIZE, dr'-ga-nlze. ??. a. [organiser, Fr.] 
To construct so as that one part co-operates With 
another; to form organically. Hooker. 

O'RGANLOFT, dr'-gan-loft. n. s. The loft where 
the organ stands. Taller. 

O RGANPIPE, 6r'-gan-plpe. n. s. The pipe of a mu- 
sical organ. Shakspeare. 

O RGANY, oV-ga-ne. n. s. [op£ane ? Sax. ; origa- 
num, Lat.] An herb. Gerarde. 

O'RGASM, 6r'-gazm. n. s. [opyacuos.] Sudden ve- 
hemence. Blackmore. 

ORGEA'T*. n.s. [Fr.] A liquor extracted from 
barley and sweet almonds. Mason. 

O'RGEIS. n.s. A sea-fish, called likewise organling. 
Ainsworth. 

O'RGIES, or'-jeze. n. s. [orgia, Lat.] Mad rites of 
Bacchus ; frantick revels. B. Jonson. 

O'RGILLOUS, Sr'-jll-lQs. a. [opftellice, Sax.] 
Proud ; haughty. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

O'RICHALCH, 6'-re-kalk. n. s. [orichalcum, Lat.] 
Brass. Spenser. 

ORIEL*, dz-re-f 1. ) n. s. [priol, old Fr.] A little 

O'RIOL*, 6'-re-ul. \ waste room next the nail, where 
particular persons dine ; a sort of recess. Cowel. 

O'RIENCY*, 6'-re-en-se. n.s. Brightness of colour; 
strength of colour. Waterhonse. 

O'RIENT^d'-re-ent. 505. a. {oriens, Lat.] Rising, 
as the sun. Milton. Eastern; oriental. Bright; 
shiningj glittering; gaudy ; sparkling. Shakspeare. 

CRIE^T, o'-re-ent. n. s. The east ; the part where 
the sun first appears. Mede. 

ORIE'NTALS, 6-re-en'-tal. a. Eastern; placed in 
the east ; proceeding from the east. Bacon. 

ORIE'NTAL, b-re-en'-tal. n.s. An inhabitant of the 
eastern parts of the world. Grew. 

OttlE'NTALISM, o-re-eV-Ui-llzm. n. s. An idiom 
of the eastern languages ; an eastern mode of 
speech. Warton. 

ORIENTALIST*, 6-re-en'-ta-]?st. n. s. An inhab- 
itant of the eastern parts of the world. Peters. 

ORIENTA'LITY, 6-re-en-talMe-te. n. s. Slate of 
being oriental. Brown. 

ORIFICE, or'-re-fk 142, 168. n. s. [¥v.;orificium, 
Lat.] Any opening or perforation. Bacon. 

O'RIFLAMB, or'-e-nam. n. s. [priflamme, old Fr.] 
A golden standard. Ainsivorth. 

O'RIGAN, &r'-e-gan. 88. n. s. [Fr. ; origanum, Lat.] 
Wild marjoram. Spensei'. 

O'RIGENIST*, Sr'-re-jen-fst. n. s. A follower of 
Origen, a learned presbyter of Alexandria, in the 
third century. A denial of the co-equality of Per- 
sons in the Eternal Trinity, the pre-existence of 
the soul, the cessation of the torments of the dam- 
ned, the restoration of all intelligent beings to or- 
der and happiness, and an unbounded love of alle- 
gory, have been principal distinctions of thiis sect. 
Burke. 

ORIGIN $, 6r / -re-jm. ) n. s. [orivine, 

ORIGINALS, o-rld'-je-ual. 170. \ Fr. ; origo, 



Lat.] Beginning ; first existence. Beniley. Foun- 
tain ; source; that which gives beginning or exis- 
tence. Sliak. First copy ; archetype : in this sense 
origin is not used. Addison. Derivation; descent- 
Druden. 
ORIGINAL, 6-rld'-je-nal. 170. a. [originel, Fr. j 
originalis, Lat.] Primitive; pristine; first. Stil- 
liiiixjleet. 
ORIGINALITY*, 6-rfd-jm-aF-e-te. n. s. Quality 01 

slate of being original. Swinburne. 
ORI'GINALLY,6-rid'-je-nal-le.atf. Primarily; with 
regard to the first cause ; from the beginning. Ba- 
con. At first. Woodward. As the first author. 
Roscommon. 
ORPGINALNESS, i-rid'-je-nal-nks. n.s. The qual- 
ity or state of being original. 
ORI'GINARY, o-rid'-je-na-re. a. [originaire, Fr.J 
Productive ; causing existence. Cheyne. Primi- 
tive ; that which was the first state. Sandys. 
To ORI'GINATE, o-rld'-je-uate. v. a. To bring into 

existence 
To ORPGINATE, o-rld'-je-nate. v. n. To take ex 

istence. Burke. 
ORIGINATION, 6-rid-je-na'-shun. n.s. [originatio, 
Lat.] The act or mode of bringing into existence j 
first production. Hale. Descent from a primitive. 
Pearson. 
ORION*, o-rl'-un. n.s. [Lat.] One of the constella- 
tions of the southern hemisphere. Milton. 
O'RISON, or'-re-zftn. 168. n. s. [old Fr.] A prayer 5 

a supplication. Shakspeare. 
§£f* Mr. Sheridan has adopted the other spelling, from the 
French oraison; but Dr. Johnson, and all the writers he 
quotes, spell the word in the manner I have done. Dr. 
Johnson tells us this word is variously accented ; that 
Shakspeare has the accent, both on the first and second 
syllables, Milton and Crashaw on the first, and other 
on the second ■ 

" The fair Ophelia ! Nymph, in thy orisons 
" Be all my sins remembered." Hamlet. 
" Alas ! your too much love and care of me 
" Are heavy orisons 'gainst this poor wretch." 

Henry the Fifth 
" My wakeful lay shall knock 
" At th' oriental gates, and duly mock 
" The early lark's shrill orisons to be 
" An anthem at the day's nativity." Crashaw. 
" His daily orisons attract our ears." Sandys. 
" Lowly they bow'd, adoring, and began 
" Their orisons, each morning duly paid." Milton 
" So went he on with his orisons ; 
11 Which, if you murk them well, were wise ones," 

Cotton. 
" Here, at dead of night, 
" The hermit oft, 'mid his orisons, hears, 
" Aghast, the voice of tims disparting tow'rs." 

Dyer. 
" The midnight clock attests my fervent pray'rs, 
" The rising sun my orisons declares." Harte. 
Mr. Nares tells us he has no doubt that Milton's accentu- 
ation is right. This, too, is my opinion. Poets are not 
the best authorities, even when they are unanimous; 
but much worse when they differ from others, and even 
from themselves. We must, therefore, leave them the 
liberty of accenting both ways, either for the sake of 
the verse, the rhyme, the humour, or tfie affectation ot 
singularity, and bring our reason for accenting this 
word in prose on the first syllable, from the very gener- 
al rule in Principles, No. 503. Accordingly, Mr. El- 
phinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Bu- 
chanan, W. Johnston, Barclay, Bailey, Perry, and En- 
tick, uniformly place the accent on the first s}' liable; 
but Dr. Ash says it is sometimes accented on the second. 
W. 
ORK, 6rk. n.s. A sea-fish. 
O'RLOP, orM&p. n. s. [overloop, Dut.] The middle 

deck. Skinner. 
0'RNAMENT§, 6V-na-m£nt. n. s. [ornamentum, 
Lat.] Embellishment; decoration. Shak. Some- 
thing that embellishes. Clurpman. Honour; that 
which confers dignity. Law. 
To O'RNAMENT* or'-na-ment. v. a. To embel- 
lish ; to bedeck ; to adorn. Warburton. 
ORNAME'NTAL, 6r-na-men'-tal. 88. a. Serving to 
decoration ; giving embellishment. Broum. 
653 



ORT 














OST 


O 3 559.- 


-Fkte 


far, fall, fat;- 


—me, 


m£t;- 


— pine 


P h 


5— 



ORNAMENTALLY, 6r-na-men'-tal-le. ad. In such 

a mani.er as may confer embellishment. 
0'RNATE§, annate. 91. a. [prnatus, Lat.] Bedeck- 
ed 5 decorated : fine. Sir T. Elyot. 
To O'RNATE* 6r'-nate. v. a. [onto, Lat.] To 

adorn ; to garnish. Sir T. Elyot. 
O'RNATELY*, dr'-nate-le. ad. Finely} with dec- 
oration ; with embellishment. Skelton. 
O'RNATENESS, dr'-nate-nes. n. s. Finery; state 

of being embellished. 
O'RNATURE, dr'-na-tshure. n.s. Decoration. Bah. 
ORNFSCOP1ST, dr-iuV-ko-pist. n.s. [bpvis and lc- 
Koira.'] One who examines the flight of birds in or- 
der to foretell futurity. 
ORNITHOLOGIST*, 6r-ntt-thb\'-t>jht. n.s. [orni- 
thologiste, Fr.] One who understands the nature of 
birds; a describer of birds. Barrington. 
ORNITHOLOGY, 6r-nk-thbY-6-fi. n. s. [Spvis and 

Aoyoj] A discourse on birds. 
G'RPHAN$, dr'-fan. 88. n.s. [ty^avo?.] A child who 

has lost father or mother, or both. Spenser. 
O'RPHAN, 6r'-fan. a. Bereft of parents. Sidney 
O RPHANAGE, cV-fan-idje. 90. )n. s. [orpheli- 
O'RPHANISM, dr'-fan-nizm. $ nage, Fr.] State 

of an orphan. Sherwood. 
O'RPHANED*, cV-fand. a. Bereft of parents or 

friends. Young. 
ORPHA'NOTROPHY, 6r-f an'-6-tr&f-e. n. s. [dpcpa- 

vb$ and rpo^.] An hospital for orphans. 
O'RPIMENT, dr'-pe-me'nt. n. s. [auripigmentum, 
Lat.] A foliaceous fossil, of a fine texture, remark- 
ably heavy, and its colour is a bright and beautiful 
yellow, like that of gold. Hill. 
ORPINE, 6V-pfn. 140. n. s. [orpin, Fr.] Liverer or 

rose root. Spenser. 
O'RRERY, &r / -rer-re. 168. n.s. An instrument 
which, by many complicated movements, repre- 
sents the revolutions of the heavenly bodies ; first 
made by Mr. Rowley, and so named from his pa- 
tron the earl of Orrery. 
O'RRIS, or'-rls. n. s. [oris, Lat.] A plant and flower. 

Miller. 
O'RRIS, 6r'-ris. n. s. [old Fr.] A sort of gold or sil- 
ver lace ; perhaps a corruption of orfrais. 
ORT*, 6rt. n. s. A fragment. Shakspeare. 
ORTHODOXY, 6rW/i6-d6ks. 503. >a. [Sodas and 
ORTHODO'XAL$, dr-//i6-d&ks'-al. \ Soicito.] Sound 
in opinion and doctrine ; not heretical. Bacon. 
Orthodoxal is obsolete. J. 
O'RTHODOXLY, cV-tft6-d6ks-le. ad. With sound- 
ness of opinion. Bacon. 
O'RTHODOXNESS*. 6r'-tft6-doks-nes. n. s. State 

of being orthodox. Killinerbcck. 
ORTHODOXY, or'-i/>6-d6k-se. 517. n. s. [6060- 
6u : iia.~\ Soundness in opinion and doctrine. Water- 
land. 
O'RTHODROMICKS.or-^drom'-iks. n.s. [dodos 
and Sp6uos.] The art of sailing in the arc of some 
great circle, which is the shortest or straightest dis- 
tance between any two points on the surface of the 
globe. Harris. 
O'RTHODROMY, or'-tfi6-dr&m-e. n.s. Sailing in a 

straight course. 
O'RTHOEPISTf, -or'-tfio-e-pk. n.s. One who is 

skilled in orthoepy. 
O RTHOEPY*, cV-tfio-e-pe. 519. n. s. [SoOos and 
Ittoj.] The art of pronouncing words properly. 
Nares. 
<)Zp It is not a little surprising, that so few of our diction- 
aries of pronunciation have inserted this word, so pecu- 
liarly appropriated to the subject they have treated. It 
is regularly derived from the Greek dpOoeirtta, and is as 
necessary to our language as orthography, orthodoxy, 
See. Mr. Elphinston and Mr. Nares place the accent on 
the first syllable of this word, as I have done. W. 

O'RTHOGON §, cV-i/io-gon. n. s. [SpOos and yuvla.] 

A rectantled figure. Peacham. 
ORTHOGONAL, or-i/iog'-g6-nal. a. Rectangular. 

Selden. 
ORTHO'GRAPHER, br-thbg'-gcM-f &r. n, s. One 

who spells according to the rules of grammar. 
ORTH6GRATHICAL, 6r-</j6-graP-fe-kal. a. 



Rightly spelled! Relating to the spelling. Addi 
son. Delineated according to the elevation, not 
the ground plot. Mortimer. 
ORTHOGRATHICALLY, 6r-*/i6-graf-fe-kal-le. 
ad. According to the rules of spelling. According 
to the elevation. 
ORTHO'GRAPHYS, Sr-tfi&g'-graf-e. 513. n. s. [dp 
dos and ypd<pw.] The part of grammar which teach 
es how words should be spelled.' Holder. The art 
or practice of spelling. Swift. The elevation of a 
building delineated. Moxon. 
ORTHOLOGY*, 6r-tfi6l'-6-ie. n. s. [SpBos and X<5- 

yos-~\ Right description of things. Fotlierby. 

ORTHO'PNOEA, Sr-*/i6p'-ne-a. it.*. [bpQoirvoia.~] 

A disorder of the lungs, in which respiration can 

be performed only in an upright posture. Harvey. 

O'RTIVE, br'-uv. 157. a. [orticus, Lat.] Relating to 

the rising of any planet or star. 
O'RTOLAN, 6r'-t6-lun. 88. n. s. [Fr.] A small bird 

accounted very delicious. Cowley. 
ORTS, 6rts. n.s. [the past participle of the Anglo- 
Saxon verb opefctan.] Refuse ; things left or 
thrown away. 
O'RVAL, cV-val. n. s. [orvala, Lat.] The herb clarv. 

Diet. 
ORVIE'TAN, or-ve-e'-tan. n.s. [oryietano, Ital. So 
called from a mountebank at Orvieto in Italy.] An 
antidote or counter poison. Bailey. 
OSCHEOCELE, 6s-ke-6'-sele. n. s. [ftr^eov and 
Kr)X»7.] A kind of hernia, when the intestines break 
into the scrotum. Diet. 
To OSCILLATES*, os'-sil-late. v.n. [oscillo, Lat.] 

To move backward and forward. Cliambers. 
OSCILLA'TION, Ss-sll-la'-sh&n. n. s. [oscillum, 
Lat.] The act of moving backward and forward 
like a pendulum. Bp. Berkeley. 
OSCTLL ATORY, os-sll'-la-tur-re. ad. Moving back- 
wards and forwards like a pendulum. Arbuihnot. 
O'SCITANCY^s'-se-tan-se. n. s. [oscilantia, Lat.] 
The act of yawning. Unusual sleepiness; care- 
lessness. Government of the Tongue. 
O'SCITANT, (V-se-tant. a. [oscitans, Lat.] Yawn- 
ing; unusually sleepy. Sleepy; sluggish. Mil- 
ton. 
O'SCITANTLY*, os'-se-tant-le. ad. Carelessly. 

More. 
OSCITA'TION, os-se-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [oscito, Lat.] 

The act of yawning. Taller. 
O'SIER, 6'-zher. 451. n. s. [osier, Fr.] A tree of the 

willow kind, growing by the water. Sfiakspeare. 
OSMUND, 6z°-mand. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
OSNABURGS* 6z / -na-burgs. n. s. White and 
brown coarse linens imported from Osnaburg in 
Germany. 
O'SPRAY, 6s'-pra. n. s. A large, blackish hawk. 

Shakspeare. 
O'SSELET, Ss'-se-let. n.s. [Fr.] A little, hard 
substance, arising on the inside of a horse's knee, 
among the small bones. Farrier's Diet. 
OSSEOUS §#, 6sh'-e-us. a. [osseus, Lat.] Bony ; re- 

sembling a bone. Brown. 
O'SSICLE, os'-sik-kl. 405. n. s. [ossiculmn, Lat.] A 
. small bone. Holder. 

OSSI'FICK, 6-s-sif-flk. 509. a. [ossa and/acw,Lat.] 
Having the power of making bones, or changing 
carneous or membranous to bony substance. Wise- 
man. 
OSSIFICATION, 6s-se-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. Change 
of carneous, membranous, or cartilaginous, into 
bony substance. Sliarp. 
O'SSIFRAGE, 6s'-se-fradje. n. s. [ossifraga, Lat.] 

A kind of eagle. Lev. xi. 
To OSSIFY, 6s'-se-fl. 183. v. a. To change to bone. 

Sharp. 
OSSPVOROUS, 6s-sV-v6-r&s. 518. a. [ossa and 

voro, Lat.] Devouring bones. Derham. 
OSSUARY, 6s'-shu-a-re. n. s. [ossnariwn, Lat.] A 
charnel house ; a place where the bones of dead 
people are kept. Diet. 
OST, ost. I n. s. A kiln, where hops or malt are 
OUST, oust. ( dried. 

OSTENSIBLE, 6s-teV-se-bL a. [ostendo, Lat.] 
654 



OTH 



OUT 



-n6, move, ndr, nftt ;— ti\be, t&b, bull ;— Sil ;— pound ; — thin, THis. 



Such as is proper or intended to be shown. War- 
ton. Colourable; plausible. Pownall 

OSTCNS1VE. os-teV-slv. 158,428. a. [ostensif Fr.] 
Showing, betokening. 

OSTE'NT, ds-tent'. n. 5. [ostentum, Lat.] Appear- 
ance ; air; manner; mien. Shakspeare. Show; 
token. Sliakspeare. A portent ; a prodigy. Cliap- 
m.xn. 

To OSTENTATES* ds-ten'-tate. v. a. [ostento, 
Lat.] To make an ambitious display of; to display 
boastingly. Bp. Taylor. 

OSTENTATION, 6s-ten-ta'-shun. n, s. [ostentatio, 
Lat.] Outward show ; appearance. Sliakspeare. 
Ambitious display; boast; vain show. Addison. 
A show ; a spectacle. Shakspeare. 

OSTENTATIOUS, 6s-ten-uV-shus. a. Boastful; 
vain ; fond of show ; fond to expose to view. Dry- 
den. 

OSTENTATIOUSLY, 6s-ten-ta/-shus-le. ad. Vain- 
ly ; boastfully. 

OSTENTATIOUSNESS, fts-tSn-ta'-shus-nSs. n. s. 
Vanitv ; boastfulness. 

OSTENTATOR, os-ten-ta'-tur. n. s. [ostentateur, 
Fr.l A boaster ; a vain setter to show. Shencood. 

OSTE-'NTOUS* ds-ten'-tus. a. [ostento, Lat.] Fond 
of show ; fond to expose to view. Feltliam. 

OSTE'OCOLLA, fts-te'-o-k&l-la. n.s. [Sareov and 
KoAXdw.] A kind of spar frequent in Germany, and 
long famous for bringing on a callus in fractured 
bones. Hill. 

OSTEO'COPE, 6s-te'-6-k6pe. n. s. [Hartov and k6iz- 
tw.] Pains in the bones, or rather in the nerves and 
membranes that encompass them. Diet. 

OSTEO'LOGER*. 6s-te-6lM6-jur. n. s. A describef 
of the bones. Smith. 

OSTEO'LOGY, Ss-te-&lM6-je. 518. n. s. [fcrtov and 
Aiyw.] A description of the bones. Toiler. 

O'STIARY, os'-te-a-re. n.s. [ostium, Lat.] The 
opening at which a river disembogues itself. 
Brown. Formerly, an ecclesiastical officer. Wee- 
ver. 

0'STLER§,6s'-lur. 472,98. n.s. [hostelier, Fr.] The 
man who takes care of horses at an inn. Swift. 

O'STLERY, &sM5r-e. n. s. [hostelerie, Fr.] The 
place belonging to the ostler. 

O'STMEN*, &st'-men. n. s. pi. [from easfmen, as 
coming from a country east of Ireland.] Danish 
settlers in Ireland. Ld. "Lyttelton. 

0'STRA.CISM§,ds'-tra-s?zm.n.s. [darpaKicfifc.] A 
manner of passing sentence, in which the note of 
acquittal or condemnation was marked upon a 
shell. Banishment; publick censure. Donne. 

O'STRACITES, &s-tra-si , -tlz. [&s'-tra-slts, Sheri- 
dan.Vn. s. The common oyster in its fossil state. Hill. 

To O STRACIZE*, &s/-tra-slze. v. a. To banish ; to 
expel. And. Marvel. 

O'STRICH, eV-trksh. n. s. [autruche, Fr. ; struthio, 
Lat.] A very large bird, with wings very short, 
and the neck about four or five spans. The feath- 
ers of its wings are in great esteem, and are used 
as an ornament for hats, beds, canopies. They 
are hunted by way of course, for they never fly ; 
but use their wings to assist them in running more 
swiftly. Calmet. 

J)5" This word is more frequently pronounced ostridge ; 
and by Shakspeare is written estridge. W. 

OTACOU'STICK, ot-ta-kSu'-stik. )n.s. [Sra 

OTACOU'STICON^l-ta-kou'-ste-k&n. \ and Aria.] 
An instrument to facilitate hearing. Hammond. 

OTHER, uTH'-fir. 98, 469. pron. foSep. Sax.] Not 
the same ; not this ; different. Hooker. Not 1, or 
he, but some one else. Bacon. Not the one; not 
this, but the contrary. South. Correlative to each. 
PhiL ii. Something besides. Locke. The next. 
Sliak. The third part. B. Jonson. It is some- 
times put elliptically for oilier thing; something 
different. GlanvilU. 

OTHERGATES, uTH'-flr-gats. ad. [other and 
gate, for way.] In another manner. Sliakspeare) 

OTHERGUISE,dTH'-ur»gylze. a. [other tmdguise. 
Sometimes written otherguess.] Of another kind. 



OTHERWHERE, UTH'-ur-hware. ad. [otlver and 
wliere.] In other places. Hooker. 

OTHERWHILE, uTH'-flr-hwile. ) ad. [other and 

OTHERWHILES, uTH'-ur-hwllz. \ while.] At 
other times. Homilies. 

OTHERWISE, &TH'-ur-wlze, or fi-rH'-ur-wiz. 140. 
ad. [otlier and wise.] In a different manner. Hook- 
er. By other causes. Raleigh. In other respects. 
Hooker. 

OTTER, &t/-lur. 98. n.s. [otep,Sax.] An amphibi- 
ous animal that preys upon fish. Grew. 

O UBAT, 6(V-bat. I n. s. A sort of caterpillar. 

O'UBUST, 6u'-bust. S Did. 

OUCH, dutsh. n.s. An ornament of gold or jewels ; 
a carcanet. Exod. xxviii. 

OUCH of a Boar. The blow given by a boar's tusk. 
Ainsworth. 

OUGHT, awt. 319, 393. n. s. [aphit, Sax.] Any 
thine: ; not nothing. Spenser. 

OUGHT, awt. verb imperfect ; in the second person 
ouglitest. [preterit ot owe.] Owed ; was bound to 
pay; have been indebted. Spelman. [preterit of 
owe, in the sense of own.] Had a right to. Spenser. 
To be obliged by duty. 1 Tim. iii. To be fit ; to 
be necessary. James, iii. Applied to persons, it has 
a sense not easily explained. To be fit, or neces- 
sary that he should : as, " Ought not Christ to have 
suffered ?" Ought is both of the present and past 
tenses, and of all persons except the second singu- 
lar. 

OUNCE, 6&nse. 312. n. s. [once, Fr. ; uncia, Lat.} 
A name of weight of different value in different de- 
nominations of weight. In troy weight, an ounce 
is twentv penny-weight ; a penny-weight, twenty- 
four grains. Bacon. 

OUNCE, 6unse. n.s. [once, Fr.] A lynx. Milion. 

OU'NDED*, 65n'-ded. ) a. [ondA, Fr. ; from unda, 

OUNDING*, 6un'-dlng. \ Lat.] Waving; imi- 
tating waves. Cliaucer. Ob. 7 . 

OUPHE§,66fe. 315. n.s. [alf, Teut.] A fairy ; a 
goblin. Shakspeare. 

OU'PHEN, 66'-f 'n. 103. a. Elfish. Shakspeare. 

OUR, 6ur. 312. pron. poss. [oppe, SaxJ Pertaining 
to us ; belonging to us. Sliakspeare. When the sub- 
stantive goes before, it is written ours. Shakspeare* 

OURANO'GRAPHY*, o&-ra-n6g'-rd-fe. n.s. [hvpa- 
vos and ypatiw.] A description of the heavens. 
Hist: Roy. Society, iv. 

OURSE'LVES.our-selvz'. reciprocal pronoun, [the 
plural of myself.] We ; not others. Locke. Us j 
not others, in the oblique cases. Dryden. 

OURSE'LF, S&r-self 7 , is used in the regal style. 
Shakspeare. 

OUSE, ooze. n. s. Tanners' bark; rather oose. 
Ainsworth. 

OU SEL, W-zl. 405. n. s. [ojle, Sax.] A blackbird, 

Spenser. 
To OUSTS, oust. 312. v. a. [ouster, oter, Fr.] To 
vacate ; to take away. Hale. To deprive ; to 
eject. Leslie. 

OU'STER*, d&s'-tur. n.s. Dispossession. Black- 
stone. 

OU'STER le main*, n. s. [old Fr.] Livery. Black- 
stone. 

OUT§, out. 312. ad. [ufc, Sax.] Not within. Prior. 
It is generally opposed to in. SlwJc. In a state of 
disclosure : as, The leaves are out. Bacon. Not in 
confinement or concealment. Shak. From the 
place or house. Shak. From the inner part. 
Exek. xlvi. Not at home : as, When you called I 
was out. In a state of extinction. Shak. In a state 
of being exhausted. Shak. Not in employment ; 
not in office. Shak. Not in any sport or party. 
Shak. To the end : as, Hear me out. Dryden. 
Loudly ; without restraint. Pope. Not in the hands 
of the owner. Locke. In an errour. Roscommon. 
At a loss ; in a puzzle. Bacon. With torn clothes. 
Dryden. Away ; so as to consume. Bp. Taylor. 
Deficient : as, out of pocket, noting loss. Fell. It 
is used emphatically before alas. Suckling. It is 
added emphatically to verbs of discovery. Numb. 
xxxii. 

655 



OUT 



OUT 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



OUT, 6&t. interj. An expression of abhorrence or ex- j To OUTDO', dut-d6o'. v. a. To excel ; to surpass 



pulsion. Shalcspeare. It has sometimes upon after | 
it. Shakspeare. 
OUT of, dfit'-dv. prep. From : noting produce. Spar- 
ser. Not in : noting exclusion, dismission, absence, 
or dereliction. Spenser. No longer in. Dryden. 
Not in: noting unfitness. Dryden. Not within: 
relating to a house. Sliak. From : noting copy. 
Stilling feet. From : noting rescue. Addison. 
Not in : noting exorbitance or irregularity. Swift. 
From one thing to something different : as, out of 
his duty. Decay of Chr. Piety. To a different 
state from ; in a different state : as, out of tune. 
Sliak. Not according to : as, out of character. 
Broome. To a different state from : noting separ- 
ation: as, out of love with. Hooker. Beyond. 
Hooker. Deviating from : noting irregularity. 
Sliak. Past 5 without : noting something worn out 
or exhausted. Shak. By means of. Shak. In 
consequence of: noting the motive or reason : as, 
out of cowardice. Clarendon. — Outoftiand. Im- 
mediately : as, That is easily used which is ready 
in the hand. Spenser* 
To OUT, 6ut. v. a. [ucian, Sax.] To deprive by ex- 
pulsion. King Charles. 
OUT, in composition, generally signifies something 
beyond or moie than another; but sometimes it be- 
tokens emission, exclusion, or something external. 
To OUTA'CT, out-akt'. v. a. To do beyond. Ol- 

way. 
2 T oOUTBA'LANCE,6ut-bal / -lanse. v. a. To over- 
weigh ; to preponderate. Dryden. 
To OUTBA'R, o&t-bar'. v. a. To shut out by fortifi- 
cation. Spenser. 
To OUTBID, out-bfd'. v. a. To overpower by bid- 
ding a higher price. Donne. 
OUTBIDDER, 6ut-b?d'-d&r. n. s. One that outbids. 
OUTBLO'WED, d&t-bl6de'. a. Inflated ; swoln with 

wind. Dnjden. 
To OUTBLU'SH* out-blush', v. a. To exceed in 

rosy colour. Shipman. 
OUTBORN, 6ut'-b6rn. a. Foreign; not native. 
OUTBOUND, 6ut'-b65nd. a. Destinated to a distant 

vovage ; not coming home. Dryden. 
To OUTBRA'VE, out-brave', v. a. To bear down 
and defeat by more daring, insolent, or splendid 
appearance. Shakspeare. 
To OUTBRA'ZEN, 6ut-bra'-z'n. v. a. To bear 

down with impudence. 
OUTBREAK, 6ut'-brake. n. s. That which breaks 

forth ; eruption. Shakspeare. 
OUTBREAKING*, dut-bra'-king. n.s. That which 
breaks forth ; powerful appearance. Sir T. Her- 
bert 
To OUTBREATHE, Sut-breTHe'. v. a. To weary 
by having better breath. Shak. To expire. Spenser. 
To OUTBU'D*, a&t-bfid'. v.n. To sprout forth. 

Spenser. 
To OUTBUI'LD*, 6ftt-b?ld'. v. a. To exceed in 
durability of building; to build more durably. 
Young. 
OUTCA'ST. Sfit'-kast. part. Thrown into the air as 
refuse, as unworthy of notice. Spenser. Banished; 
expelled. Milton. 
OUTCAST, dut'-kast. 492. n. s. Exile ; one reject- 
ed ; one expelled. Shakspeare. 
OUTCE'PT*, flat-sept', conj. Except : changing the 
Latin ex into the English out. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
To OUTCLI'MB*, dut-kllme'. v. a. To climb be- 
yond. Davenant. 
To OUTCO'MPASS* dut-kfim'-pas. v. a. To ex- 
ceed due bounds. Bacon. 
To OUTCRA'FT, out-krafl'. v. a. To excel in cun- 
ning. Shakspeare. 
OUTCRY, dul'-krl. 492. n. s. Cry of vehemence ; 
cry of distress ; clamour. Spenser. Milton. Clam- 
our of detestation. South. A publick sale ; an auc- 
tion. B. Jonson. 
To OUTDA'RE, Sfit-dare'. v. a. To venture beyond. 

Slut/cspeare. 
To OUTDA'TE, Sut-date'. v. a. To antiquate. Ham- 
mond. 



erform beyond another. Waller 
To OUTDRl'NK*, Sut-drlnk'. v. a. To exceed in 
drinking. Donne. 

To OUT!) WE'LL, Sut-dwel'. v. a. To stay beyond. 
Shakspeare. 

OUTER §,6fit'-tur. 98. a. That which is without : 
opposed to inner. Grew. 

OLTERLY, Sut'-tur-le. ad. Towards the outside. 
Grew*. 

OUTERMOST, 6ut'-tfir-most. a. [superlative, from 
outer.] Remotest from the midst. Bacon. 

To OUTFA'CE, 6ut-fase'. v. a. To brave ; to bear 
down by show of magnanimity or impudence. 
Shakspeare. To stare down. Raleigh. 

To OUTFA'WN, 6ut-fawn'. v. a. To" excel in fawn- 
ing. Hudibras. 

To OUTFE'AST*, 6ut-feest'. v. a. To exceed in 
feasting. Bp. Taylor. 

OUTFIT* 6ut'-flt. n. s. A naval term, signifying 
the equipment of a ship for her voyage. 

To OUTFLA'NK* 6ut-flank'. t«. a. To outreach 
the flank or wing - of an army. 

To OUTFLY', dat-fll'. v. a. To leave behind in 
flight. Garth. 

To OUTFO'OL*, 6ut-f6Sl'. v. a. To exceed in folly. 
Young. 

OUTFO'RM, 8ut'-f6rm. n. s. External appearance. 
B. Jonson. 

To OUTFRO'WN, 6ut-fr6un'. v. a. To frown 
down ; to overbear by frowns. Shakspeare. 

OUTGATE, 6ut'-gate. n. s. Outlet ; passage out- 
wards. Spenser. 
• To OUTGE'NERAL*, 6ut-jen'-er-al. v. a. To ex- 
ceed in military skill or manoeuvre. Ld. Chester- 
field. 

To OUTGFVE, dut-gV v. a. To surpass in giving. 
Dryden. 

To OUTGO' §, 6ut-g6'. v. a. pret. outwent ; part, out- 
gone. To surpass ; to excel. Carew. To go be- 
yond ; to leave behind in going. St. Mark, vi. To 
circumvent ; to overreach. Denham. 
OUTGOING*, out-go'-ing. ra._s. The act of goin 



out; the state of going forth. Ps. lxv. 
"0 OUTGRO'W. out-o-ro'. v. a. T 



To OUTGRO'W. 6ut-gr6'. v. a. To surpass m 
growth ; to grow too great or too old for any thing. 
Milton. 

OUTGUARD, out'-gyard. n. s. One posted at a 
distance from the main body, as a defence. South. 

OUTHOUSE*, 6ut'-h6us. «. 5. A barn, stable, 
coachhouse, cowhouse, or any other convenience, 
attached or belonging to a dwelling house. 

ToOUTJE'ST,d6t-jest'. v. a. To overpower by 
jesting. Shakspeare. 

To OUT JU'~' 



GGLE* 6ilt-jug / -gl. v. a. To surpass 
in juggling. Bp. Hall. 

roOUTKNA'VE, 6ut-nave'. v. a. To surpass in 
knavery. V 'Estrange. 

OUTLAND $*, dut'-land. a. [utlaenbe, Sax.] For- 
eign. Strutt. 

OUTLA'NDER* out-land'-ur. n. s. [utlaenbe, 
Sax.] A foreigner ; one of another country. A. 
Wood. 

OUTLA'NDISH, 6&t-land'-lsh. a. [utlaenOi r e, 
Sax.] Not native ; foreign. Neh. xiii. 

To OUTLA'ST, 6ut-last'. v. a. To surpass in dura 
tion. Bacon. 

OUTLAW $, dut'-law. n.s. [utlafta, Sax.] One ex- 
cluded from the benefit of the law. A robber; a 
bandit. Shakspeare. 

To OUTLAW, dut'-law. v. a. [utla$ian, Sax.] 
To deprive of the benefits and protection of the 
law. Shakspeare. 

OUTLAWRY, 65t'-law-re. n.s. A decree by which 
any man is cut off from the community, and de- 
prived of the protection of the law. Slwkspeare. 

To OUTLEAP, out-lepe 7 . v. a. To pass by leaping; 

to start beyond. 
OUTLEAP, 6ut'-lepe. n.s. Sally; fright; escape. 

Locke. 
OUTLET, dtit'-let. n. *. Passage outwards; dis- 
charge outwards; egress ; passage of egress. Bacon. 
6i)6 



OUT 



OUT 



-nd>, move, ndr, nfit ; — tube, tab, hall ; — oil 5 — pound ; — th\n, mis. 



OUTL1CKER*, 6ut'-lik-or. n. s. A naval word : a 
small piece of timber fastened to the top of the 



f\> OUTLFE*, 6ut-lK v. a. To surpass in lying-. 
Bp. Hall. 

OUTLIER* outMl-dr. n. s. One who lies not, or is 
not resident, in the place with which his office or 
duty connects him. Dr. Frewen. 
OUTLINE, doF-llne. n. s. Contour ; line by which 

anv figure is defined ; extremity. Dryden, 
To OUTLFVE $, dfit-hV. v. a. To live beyond} to 

survive. SJiakspeare. 
OUTLPVER, dut-hV-ar. 98. n. s. A survivor. 
To OUTLOOK, dat-ldok'. v. a. To face down; to 
browbeat. Sliak. To look out ; to select. Cotton. 
OUTLOOK* dut'-ldok. n. s. Vigilance ; foresight. 

Young. 
OUTLOPE* dut'-lc-pe.n.s. [out and loopen, Dutch.] 

An excursion. Florw. Ob. T 
To OUTLU'STRE, out-lus'-tfir. v. a. To excel in 

brightness. Shakspeare. 
DUTLY'ING, aotMl-ing. part. a. Not in the com- 
mon course of order. Removed from the general 
scheme. Temple. 
To OUTMA'RCH, 6ut-martsh / . v. a. To leave be- 
hind in the march. Clarendon. 
To OUTMEA'SURE, dat-mezh'-ure. r. a. To ex- 
ceed in measure. Brown. 
OUTMOST, 6ut'-m6st. a. Remotest from the mid- 
dle. Milton. 
To OUTNUMBER, out-nam'-bar. v. a. To exceed 

in number. Addison. 
To OUTPA'CE, Sfit-pase'. v. a. To outgo j to leave 

behind. Chapman. 
To OUTPA'RAMOUR* 6ut-paV-a-m3or. v. a. To 

exceed in keeping mistresses. Shakspeare. 
3UTPA'RISH, 6uV-par-?sh. n. s. Parish not lying 

within the walls. Graunt. 
OUT PA'RT, 6ut'-part. n. s. Part remote from the 

centre or main body. Ayliffe. 
To OUTPOFSE*, Sut-pdeze 7 . v. a. To outweigh. 

Howell. 
OUTPO'RCH*, 6&t'-portsh. n. s. An entrance. 

Milton. 
OUTPO'RT* 6ut 7 -p6rt. n. s. A port at some dis- 
tance from the city of London. Ash. 
OUTPOST* 6&t / -p6st. n. s. A military station 
without the limits of the camp, or at a distance from 
the main body of the army. Men placed at such 
a station. 
ToOUTPOU'R, Sut-p66r'. 316. v. a. To emit; to 

send forth in a stream. Milton. 
To OUTPRA'Y* dut-pra 7 . v. a. To exceed in ear- 
nestness of prayer. Dryden. 
To OUTPRE'ACH* fi&t-preetsh'. v. a. To exceed 

in the power of preaching. Hammond. 
To OUTPRPZE, dut-prlze'. v. a. To exceed in the 

value set upon it. SJiakspeare. 
OUTRAGE $. 6ut'-radje. 497. n. s. [outrage, Fr.] 
Open violence ; tumultuous mischief. Goiver. Mere 
commotion. Philips. 
To OUTRAGE, Sut'-radje. v. a. [outrager, Fr.l 
To injure violently or conlumeliously ; to insult 
roughly and tumultuously. Spenser. 
To OUTRAGE, out'-radje. v. n To commit exor- 
bitances. Ascham. Ob. J. 
OUTRA'GIOUS, or OUTRAGEOUS, oflt-ra'-jas, 
a. Violent; furious; raging, exorbitant; tumul- 
tuous; turbulent. Sidney. Excessive; passing 
reason or decency. Homilies. Enormous ; atro- 
cious. Shakspeare, 



OUTRA'GIOUSLY, dut-ra'-jfts-le. ad^ Violently; 

2ly. 
Ld. Rivers, 



tumultuously; furiously. Spenser. 



Excessively, 
Fury; 



OUTRA'GIOUSNESS, dut-ra'-jus-nes. n 
violence. Ld. Rivers. 

To OUTRA'ZE* 6ut'-raze. v. a. To root out en- 
tirely. Sandys. 

OUT^RE 1 *, oo-lra'. a. [Fr.] Extravagant ; over- 
strained. Dr. Geddes. 

To OUTRE'ASON*, dut-re'-z'n. v. a. To excel in 
reasoning ; to reason beyond. South. 
83 



To OUTRE'ACH, 6ut-reetsh'. v. a. To go beyond. 
Careio. 

To OUTRE'CKON* dftt-rek'-k'n. v. a. To exceed 
in assumed computation. Pearson. 

To OUTREPGN*, Mt-rane'. v. a. To reign through 
the whole of. Spenser. 

To OUTRIDE §, out-rlde 7 . v. a. To pass by riding. 
Bp. Hall. 

To OUTRFDE* dut-rlde'. 0. n. To travel aboat on 
horseback, or in a vehicle. Addison. 

OUTRPDER, dnt-rl'-d&r. n.s. A summoner whose 
office is to cite men before the sheriff. Diet. One 
who travels about on horseback or in a vehicle 
Maydman. 

OUTRI'GGER*, o&t-rlg'-gur. n. s. A naval word, 
signifying both a strong beam of timber fixed on 
the side of a ship to secure the mast in the act of 
careening, and a small boom occasionally used 
on the tops. 

OUTRFGHT. out-rlte'. ad. Immediately; without 
delay. Arbuthnot. Completely. Addison. 

To OUTRIVAL* Sut-rK-val. v. a. To surpass in 

excellence. Addison. 
OUTROAD, out'-rode. n.s. Excursion. 1 Macc.xv. 

To OUTRO'AR, dut-nW. v. a. To exceed in roar- 
ing. Shakspeare. 

To OUTRO'OT, dut-rddt'. v. a. To extirpate ; to 

To OUTRU'N, dut-run'. v. a. To leave behind in 
running. Shakspeare. To exceed. Addison. 

To OUTSAIL, dul-sale'. v. a. To leave behind 
in sailing. Beaumont and FletcJier. 

OUTSCATE, 6ut-skape'. n. s. Power of escaping. 
Chapman. 

To OUTSCO'RN, 6ut-skcW. v. a. To bear down 
or confront by contempt. ShaJcspeare. 

To OUTSE'LL, 6ut-seJ ; . v. a. To exceed in the 
price for which a thing is sold ; to sell at a higher 
rate than another. Temple. To gain a highet 

Srice. Shakspeare. 
TSET*, oot'-sel. n. s. Opening; beginning. 
Mason. 

To OUTSHPNE, out-shlne'. v. a. To emit lustre. 
Sliak. To excel in lustre. Denham. 

To OUTSHO'OT, 6ut-sh66t'. v. a. To exceed in 
shooting. Dryden. To shoot beyond. Norris. 

To OUTSHU'T* 6ut-shut'. v. a. To exclude. Donne. 

OUTSFDE, o&t'-slde. n. s. Superficies; surface; ex- 
ternal part. Dryden. Extreme part; part remote 
from the middle. Bacon. Superficial appearance. 
Locke. The utmost. Mortimer. Person; external 
man. Bacon. Outer side ; part not enclosed. Spect. 

To OUTSIT, dut-slt'. v. a. To sit beyond the time 
of any thing. South. 

To OUTSKFP*, 6at-sk?p/. v. a. To avoid by flight 
B. Jonson. 

OUTSKIRT*, dfit'-skert. n.s. Suburb; outpart. 
Lord Clarendon. 

To OUTSLE'EP, 6ut-sleep ; . v. a. To sleep beyond. 
Shakspeare. 

To OUTSO'AR*, 6ut-s6re'. v. a. To soar bsyond. 



Gov. of the Tongue. 

JTSC - 



To exceed in 



To OUTSO'UND*, Sut-sSund 7 

sound. Hammond. 
To OUTSPE'AK, out-speke'. v. a. To speak some 

thing beyond : to exceed. SJiakspeare. 
To OUTSPO'RT, Sut-sporf. ». a. To sport beyond 
To OUTSPRE'AD, flut-spre^. v. a. To extend; 

to diffuse. Pope. 
To OUTSTA'ND, 6ut-stand / . v. a. To support ; to 

resist. Woodward. To stand beyond the proper 

time. Slmkspeare. 
To OUTSTA'ND, out-stand 7 , v. n. To protuberate 

from the mam bocty. 
To OUTSTA'RE, Sut-stare'. v. a. To face down : 

to browbeat ; to outface with effrontery. Shak, 
OUTSTRE'ET, dut'-street. n. s. Street in the ex- 
tremities of a town. 
To OUTSTRETCH, out-streHsh 7 . v. a. To extend; 



to spread out. ShaJcspeare. 
To OUTSTRFDE*, 6ut-strlde' 



striding. B. Jonson. 



<f. a. To surpass in 



657 



OUT 














OVE 


\rr 559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fall, fat ;- 


—me, 


mel;- 


-plne 


pin ;— 



To OUTSTRIP, out-strip'. 497. v. a. [out, and the 
Sax. pppitan.] To outgo ; to leave behind in a 
race. Shakspeare. 
To OUTSWEA'R, 6&t-sware'. v. a. To overpower 

by swearing. Shakspeare. 
To OUTSWE'ETEN, dut-swe'-t'n. r. a. To excel 

in sweetness. Shakspeare. 
To OUTSWE'LL*, 6ut-swel'. v. a. To overflow. 

Hewyt. 
OUTTA'KE* 6ut-take'. prep. Except. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
To OUTTA'LK, 66t-tawk / . v. a. To overpower by 

talk. Shakspeare. 
To OUTTO'NGUE, out-tfing'. v. a. To bear down 

by noise. Slvxkspeare. 
To OUTTO'P*, 6ut-t&p'. 7'. a. To overtop ; to make 

of less importance. Ld. Keeper Williams. 
To OUTVALUE, 6ut-val'-u. v. a. To transcend 

in price. Boyle. 
To OUTVE'NOM, 6ut-veV-num. v. a. To exceed 

in poison. Sliakspeare. 
To OUTVIE, 6&t-vl'. v. a. To exceed ; to surpass 5 

to outstrip. Dry den. 
To OUTVFLLAIN, Sut-vll'-lln. v. a. To exceed in 

villany. Shakspeare. 
To OUTVOI'CE, out-vols'. v. a. To outroar; to 

exceed in clamour. Sliakspeare. 
To OUTVOTE, 6ut-v6te'. v. a. To conquer by 

plurality of suffrages. South. 
To OUTWA'LK, out-wawk'. v. a. To leave one 
in walking. To exceed the walking of a spectre. 
See To Walk. B. Jonson.. 
OUTWA'LL, 6ut'-wall. 498. n. s. Outward part of j 

a building. Superficial appearance. SlioJcspeare. 
OUTWARD §, dut'-ward. 88. a. [ufcpeajib, Sax.] 
Materially external. External : opposed to in- 
ward: visible. Shak. Extrinsick ; adventitious. 
Shak. Foreign, not intestine. Hayward. Tending 
to the out-parts. Dryden. [In theology.] Carnal ; 
corporeal ; not spiritual. Duppa. 
OUTWARD, 6ut'-ward.?j.s. External form. Shak- 
speare. 
OUTWARD, 6ut'-ward. 498. ad. To foreign parts : 

as, a ship outward bound. To the outer parts. 
OUTWARDLY, 6&t'-ward-le. ad. Externally : op- 
posed to inwardly. Hooker. In appearance not sin- 
cerely. Sprat. 
OUTWARDS, 6ut'-wardz. ad. Towards the out- 
parts. Newton. 
To OUTWATCH* o&t-w&tsh'. r a. To surpass 

in watchfulness. B. Jonson. 
To OUTWE'AR, dut-ware'. v, a. To wear out. 
Donne. To pass tediously. Pope. To last longer 
than something else. 
To OUTWE ED, out-weed', v. a. To extirpate as 

a weed. Spenser. 
To OUTWE'EP*, 6ut-weep\ v. a. To exceed in 

weeping. Dmden. 
To OUTWEIGH, 5ut-wa'. v. a. To exceed in 
gravity. Wilkins. To preponderate ; to excel in 
value or influence. Shakspeare. 
To OUTWE'LL, Sut-wel'. v. a. To pour out. Spen- 
ser. Ob. J. 
OUTWENT*. See To Outgo. 
To OUTWI'N*, 65t-w1n'. v. a. To get out of. 

Spenser. 
To OUTWI'ND*, Sut-wlnd'. v. a. To extricate ; to 

unloose. More. 
To OUTWI'NG*, out-wing 7 , v. a. To outstrip; to 

outgo. Garth. 
To OUTWIT, o&t-wlt'. v. a. To cheat; to over- 
come by stratagem. Kettlewell. 
OUTWORK, 6&t'-wurk. 498. n. s. Parts of a forti- 
fication next the enemy. Bacon. 
OUTWO'RN, 6ut-w6rn', part. Consumed or de 

stroyed by use. Milton. 
To OUTWO'RTH, o&t-wurf/i', v. a, To excel in 

value. Shakspeare. 
To OUTWRE'ST, out-rest', v. a. To extort by vio- 
lence. Spenser. 
OUTWRO'UGHT, d&t-rawf. part. Outdone; ex- 
ceeded in efficacy. B. Jonson. 



To OUTZA'NY*, 6ut-za'-ne. 0. a. To exceed in 

buffoonery. B. Jjpnson. 
OYAL§, o'-vul. 88. a. [ovale, Fr. ; ovum, Lat. an 
egg.] Oblong ; resembling the longitudinal section 
of an egg. Addison. 
O'VAL, o'-vfil. n.s. That which has the shape of an 

egg. Watts. 
OVA'RIOUS, 6-v^-re-us. a. Consisting of eggs. 

Thomson. 
O'VARY, 6'-va-re. n. s. [ovaire, Fr. ; ovarium, Lat.] 
The part of the body in which impregnation is 
performed. Broum. 
O'VATE*, 6'-vate. a. [ovaius, Lat.] Of an oval fig- 
ure ; marked ovally. Russell. 
OVATION, 6-va'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr. ; watio, Lat.] A 
lesser triumph among the Romans, allowed to those 
commanders who had won a victory without much 
bloodshed, or defeated seme less ibrmidable ene- 
my. Hammond. 
O'VEN, uv'-v'n. 103. n.s. [open, Sax.] An arched 

cavity heated with fire to bake bread. Spenser. 
OYER hath a double signification in the names of 
places, according to the different situations of them. 
If the place be upon or near a river, it comes from 
the Saxon oppe, a brink or bank : but if there is 
in the neighbourhood another of. the same name, 
distinguished by the addition of nether, then over 
is from the Gothick ufar, above. Gibson. 
0'VER§, 6'-vur. 98, 418. prep, [ufar, Goth. ; opep, 
Sax.] Above, with respect to excellence or dig- 
nity. Dryden. Above, with regard to rule or au- 
thority. South. Above, in place. Shak. Across; 
from side to side ; as, He leaped over the brook. 
Shak. Through, diffusively. Hammond. Upon. 
Bacon. Before. This is only used in over night. 
Spenser. It is, in all senses, written by contraction 
o'er. 
OYER, 6'-vur. ad. Above the top. St. Luke,\\. 
More than a quantity assigned. Hooker. From 
side to side. Grew. From one to another. Bacon. 
From a country beyond the sea. Bacon. On the 
surface. Genesis. Past. Knolles. Throughout; 
completely. Shak. With repetition ; another time. 
Shak. Extraordinary ; in a great degree. — Ora* 
and above. Besides •, beyond what was first sup- 
posed or immediately intended. Num. iii. Over 
against. Opposite. Bacon. To give over. To 
cease from. Pope. To attempt to help no longer : 
as, His physicians have given him over. — In com- 
position, over has a great variety of significations ; 
it is arbitrarily prefixed to nouns, adjectives, or 
other parts of speech, in a sense equivalent to more 
than enough ; too much. 

OYER*, 6'-v&r. a. Upper. Overleather is upper 
leather. Chaucer. 

To OYER*. 6'-vur. v. a. To get over. Pegge. 

To OVERABO'UND, 6-vur-a-bdund'. v. n. To 
abound more than enough. Philips. 

To OVERA'CT, 6-vfir-akt'. v. a. To act more than 
enough. Stilling fled.. 

To OVERA'CT*, 6-vur-akt'. t>. n. To act more than 
is requisite. B. Jonson. 

To OVERA'GITATE*, o-vur-ad'-je-late. v. a. To 
discuss or controvert too much. Bp. Hall. 

To OVERA'RCH, 6-vfir-artsh'. v. a. To cover as 
with an arch. 

To OVER A' WE, 6-v&r-aw'. v. a. To keep in awe 
by superiour influence. Spenser. 

To OVERBALANCE, 6-v5r-bal'-lanse. 493. v. a. 
To weigh down ; to preponderate. Locke. 

95= What has been observed of words compounded with 
counter is applicable to those compounded with over. 
The noun and the verb sometimes follow the analogy 
of dissyllables ; the one having the accent on the first, 
and the other on the latter syllables.— See Counter- 
balance. TV. 

OVERBALANCE, o-vfir-bal'-lanse. n. s. Some- 
thing more than equivalent. Temple. 

OVERPATTLE, 6'-vur-bat-tl. a. See Battel. 
Too fruitful ; exuberant. 

To OVERBE'AR, o-v&r-bare'. v. a. To repress 5 to 
subdue ; to whelm ; to bear down. Hooker. 
658 



OVE 










OVE 


— n6, move, 


n6r, n6t ; 


—tube 


tub, bull j-611 J 


— p6flnd 


; — thin, THis. 



To OVERBE'ND*, 6-v6r-b&id'. v. a. To stretch 

too intensely. Donne. 
To OVERBI'D, A-vftr-bld'. v. a. To offer more 

than ^ouivalent. Dryden. 
To OVERBLOW, 6-vur-bl6'. v n. To be past its 

violence. Spenser. 
To OVERBLOW, 6-v6r-bl6'. v. a. To drive away 

as clouds belbre the wind. Waller. 
OVERBOARD, 6'-v&r-b6rd. ad. Off the ship ; out 

of the ship. Howell. 
To OVERBRO'W*, 6-v6r-br6u'. t\ a. To hang over. 

Collins. 
OVERBUILT*, 6-vur-bIlt'. part. a. Built over. 

MUlon. 
To OVERBU'LK, 6-vd.r-bulk'. v. a To oppress by 

bulk. Shakspeare. 
To OVERBU'RDEN, 6-v&r-bur / -d'n. v. a. To load 

with too great weight. Sid?iey. 
To OVERBU'Y, 6-vur-bl'. v. a. To buy too dear. 

Bp. Hall. 
To OVERCA'NOPY*, 6-vur-kan'-6-pe. v. a. To 

cover as with a canopy. Shakspeare. 
To OVERCA'RRY, 6-v5r-kar'-re. v. a. To hurry 
too far ; to be urged to any thing violent or danger- 
ous. Hayivard. 
To OVERCA'ST, 6-vfi.r-kast'. v. a. part, overcast. 
To cloud ; to darken ; to cover with gloom. Spen- 
ser. To cover : needle-women call that which is 
encircled with a thread, overcast. Hooker. To 
rate too high in computation. Bacon. 
To OVERCHARGE, 6-vur-tsharje'. v. a. To op- 
press; to cloy; to surcharge. Raleigh. To load; 
to crowd too much. Pope. To burthen. Shak. 
To rate too high. Shak. To fill too full. Locke. 
To load with too great a charge. Shakspeare. 
To OVERCLFMB*, 6-vur-kllme'. v. o. To climb 

over. Ld. Surrey. 
To OVERCLO'UD, 6-vur-kl6ud'. v. a. To cover 

with clouds. Abp. Laud. 
To OVERCLOY, 6-vur-kl6e'. v. a. To fill beyond 

satiety. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERCO'ME$, 6-vur-kum'. v. a. pret. lover- 
came ; part. pass, overcome, [overcomen, Dutch.] 
To subdue; to conquer; to vanquish. Spenser. 
To surmount. law. To overflow; to surcharge. 
Philips. To come over or upon ; to invade 
suddenly. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERCOME, 6-vur-kum'. v. n. To gain the 

superiority. Rom. iii. 
OVERCO'MER, 6-vur-kum'-mur. n. s. He who 

overcomes. Powell. 
OVERCO'MINGLY*, 6-vur-kum'-ing-le. ad. With 
superiority ; in the manner of a conqueror. More. 
To OVERCOUNT, 6-vur-k6unt'. v. a. To rate 

above the true value. Shakspeare. 
To OVERCOVER, d-vur-kfiv'-ur. v. a. To cover 

completely. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERCRO'W, 6-v6r-kr6'. v. a. To crow as in 

triumph. Spenser. 
To OVERDA'TE*, 6-vur-date'. v. a. To reckon or 

dale beyond the proper period. Milton. 
OVERDl'GHT*, 6-vur-dite'. part. a. Covered over. 

Spenser. 
To OVERDO, o-v&r-ddo'. v. a. To do more than 

enough. Shakspeare. 
To OVERDO'*, 6-vfir-d66'. v. n. To do too much. 

Grew. 
To OVERDRE'SS, 6-vur-dres'. v. a. To adorn lav- 
ishly. Pope. 
To OVERDRI'NK*, 6-vur-dr?nk'. v. n. [opep- 
bpincan, Sax.] To drink too much ; to become 
drunk. 
To OVERDRI'VE, 6-vfir-drlve'. v. a. To drive too 

hard, or beyond strength. Gen. xxxiii. 
To OVERDRY'*, 6-vfir-drl'. v. a. To dry too much. 

Burton. 
OVERE'AGER$*, 6-v6r-e'-g?ur. a. Too vehement 

in desire. Goodman. 
OVERE'AGERLY*, o-vur-e'-g&r-le. ad. With too 

much haste or vehemence. Milton. 
To OVERE'MPTY, 6-vur-em'-te. a. a. To make 
too empty. Carew. 



To OVERE'YE, 6-vur-K t\ a. To superintend. To 

observe ; to remark. Shakspeare. 
O'VERFAL, o'-vur-fall. 406. n. s. Cataract. Ra- 

leigh. 
To OVERFLO'AT, 6-vfir-flote'. v. a. To cover as 

with water. Dryden. 
To OVERFLOW % 6-v&r-fl6'. v. n. To be fuller 
than the brim can hold. Dryden. To exuberate; 
to abound. Rogers. 
To OVERFLOW, 6-vftr-fl6''. v. a. To fill beyond 
the brim. Bp. Taylor. To deluge; to drown; to 
overrun. Spenser. 
OVERFLOW, o-vur-flo'. 492. n. s. Inundation; 
more than fulness ; such a quantity as runs over. 
Bacon. 
OVERFLO'WING,6-vur-u6'-lng. n.s. Exuberance ; 

copiousness. Denham. 
OVERFLOW1NGLY, 6-vOr-fl6'-lng-le. ad. Exu 

berantlv; in great abundance. Boxjte. Ob. J. 
To OVERFLY', 6-vur-fll'. r. a. To cross by flight. 

Dryden. 
OVERFORWARDNESS, 6-vur-f6r'-ward-nes. 
n. s. Too great quickness ; too great readiness. 
Hale. 
To OVERFREIGHT, 6-vur-frate'. v. a. pret. over- 
freighted, part, overfraught. To load too heavily ; 
to fill with too great quantity. Carew. 
OVERFRU'lTFUL*, 6-vur-fr66t'-ful. a. Too rich ; 

too luxuriant. Dryden. 
To OVERGE'T, 6-vflr-geY. v. a. To reach ; to come 

up with. Sidney. 
To OVERGFLD*, 6-vur-glld'. v. a. To gild over; 

to varnish. Mirror for Magistrates. 
ToOVERGFRD* 6-vur-gerd'. v. a. To bind too 

closely. Milton. 
To OVERGLA'NCE, 6-vfir-glanse'. v. a. To look 

hastily over. Shakspeare. 
To OVERGO', 6-v&r-g6'. v. a. To surpass ; to excel. 

Sidney. To cover. Chapman. 
OVERGONE*, 6-vur-g6n'. part. a. Injured ; ruined. 

Shakspeare. 
OVERGRA'SSED*, 6-vfir-grast'. a. Having too 

much grass ; overgrown with grass. Spenser. 
To OVERGO'RGE, 6-vfir-gdrje'. v. a. To gorge 

too much. Shakspeare. 
OVERGRE'AT, 6-v&r-grate'. a. Too great, Locke. 
To OVERGRO'W §, 6-vur-gr6'. v. a. To cover 
with growth. Spenser. To rise above. Morti- 
mer. 
To OVERGRO'W, 6-vfir-gr6'. v. n. To grow be- 
yond the fit or natural size. Knolles. 
OVERGRO'WTH, 6'-vur-gr6i/u «. s. Exuberant 

growth. Bacon. 
To OVERHA'LE, 6-vur-hawl'. v. a. To spread over. 
Spenser. To examine over again : as, He over- 
haled my account. 
$5= This word has the a in the last syllable always pro- 
nounced as it is here marked. — See To Hale. W. 
To_ OVERH A'NDLE*, o-vur-han'-dl. v. a. To men- 
tion too often. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERH A'NG,'6-v6r-hang'. v. a. To jut over, 

to impend over. Shakspeare. 
To OVERHA'NG, 6-vur-hang'. v. n. To jut over 

Milton. 
To OVERHA'RDEN,6-vur-har'-d'n.t\a. To make 

too hard. Boyle. 
OVERHA'STILY*, 6-vfir-has'-te-le. ad. In too great 

a hurry. Hales. 
OVERHA'STINESS*, o-vur-has'-te-n^s. n. s. Pre- 
cipitation ; too much haste. Reresby. 
OVERHA'STY§* 5 6-vur-has'-te. a. Too quick; in 

too great haste. Hammond. 
To OVERHA'UL*, 6-vur-hawl'. v. a. [A sea term.] 
To unfold or loosen an assemblage of the tackle. 
To examine over again. See To Overhale. 
Loicth. 
OVERHE'AD, 6-v&r-heM'. ad. Aloft; in the zenith ; 

above. Mil/on. 
To OVERHE'AR, 6-vfir-here'. v. a. To hear those 

who do not mean to be heard. Shakspeare. 
To OVERHE'AT, 6-v6r-hete'. v. a. To heat tot 
much. Addison. 

659 



OVE 



OVE 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin | 



Too strong light. 



To OVERHE'LE*, 6-vur-hele'. v. a. To cover over. 

See To Hele. B. Jonson. 
To OVERHEAD, 6-vfir-hend'. v. a. To overtake 5 

to reach. Spenser. 
To OVERJOY, 6-vfir-jde'. v. a. To transport ; to 

ravish. Bp. Taylor. 
OVERJO'Y, <y-vfir-j6e. n. s. Transport} ecstasy. 

Sliakspeare. 
To OVERLA'BOUR, o-vur-la'-bur. v. a. To take 
too much pains on any thing; to harass with toil. 
Dryden. 
To OVERLA'DE, 6-vfir-lade''. v. a. To overbur- 

then. Suckling. 
OVERLA'RGL, 6-vur-la.rje'. a. Larger than enough. 

Collier. 
To OVERLA'SHS* 6-vur-lash'. v. n. To exagger- 
ate. Barrow. 
OVERLA'SHINGLY, o-vfir-lash'-fng-le. ad. With 

exaggeration. Brerewood. Ob. J. 
To OVERLA'YS, 6-vur-la'. v. a. To oppress by too 
much weight or power. Tusser. To smother with 
too much or too close covering. Dryden. To 
smother; to crush; to overwhelm. South. To 
cloud; to overcast. Spenser. To cover superficial- 
ly. Milton. To join by something laid over. Mil- 
ton. 
OVERLA'YING* o-vur-la'-ing. n, s. A superficial 

covering. Exod. xxxviii. 
To OVERLE'AP, 6-vur-lepe'. v. a. To pass by a 

jump. Sliakspeare. 
OVERLE'ATHER, o'-vfir-lera-ur. n. s. The part 

of the shoe that covers the foot. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERLE'AVEN* 6-vur-lev'-vn. v. a. To swell 
out too much. B. Jonson. To mix too much with ; 
to corrupt. Sliakspeare. 
OVERLFGHT, 6-vur-lite'. n 

Bacon. 
To OVERLFVE §, 6-vur-hV. v. a. To live longer 

than another ; to survive ; to out-live- Sidney. 
To OVERLFVE, 6-vur-l?V. v. n. To live too long. 

Milton. 
OVERLPVER, 6-vur-hV-ur. n. s. Survivor; that 

which lives longest. Bacon. 
To OVERLOAD, 6-vur-ldde'. v. a. To burthen 

with too much. Felton. 
OVERLO'NG^-vur-tfng'. a. Too long. Boyle. 
To OVERLOOK §, 6-?ur-lo6k'. v. a. To view 
from a higher place. Dryden. To view fully; 
to peruse. Sliak. To superintend; to over- 
see. Spenser. To review. Roscommon. To 
pass by indulgently. Addison. To neglect; to 
slight. Soidh. 
OVERLO'OKER, o-vur-lSok'-ur. n. s. One who 
stands higher than his fellows and overlooks them. 
Bp. of Cliichester. 
O'VERLOOP, 6'-vur-l56p. n. s. The same with or- 
lop. Raleigh. 
To OVERLO'VE*. 6-vur-hV. v. a. To prize or| 
value too much. Bp. Hall. I 

O'VERLY*, 6'-vur-le. a. [oueplice, Sax.] Care- 
less ; negligent ; inattentive ; slight. Bp. Hall. 
OVERMA'STED, 6-vur-masf-M. a. Having too 

much mast. Dryden. 
To OVERMASTER, i-vur-ma'-stur. v. a. To sub- 
due ; to govern. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERMATCH, 6-vur-matsh'. v. a. To be too 

powerful ; to conquer. Milton. 
OVERMA'TCH, i'-vfir-matsh. [See Counter- 
balance.] n. s. One ofsuperiour powers; one not 
to be overcome. Bacon. 
To OVERME'ASURE*, o-vur-mezh'-ure. v. a. To 

measure or estimate too largely. Bacon. 
OVERME'ASURE, A-vur-mezh'-ure. n. s. Some- 
thing given over the due measure. 
OVERMFCKLE*, o-vur-mlk'-kl. a. [opepmicel, 

Sax.] Overmuch. 
To OVERMI'X, o-vur^miks'. v. a. To mix with too 

much. Creech. 
OVERMO'DEST*, 6-vur-m6d'-est. a. Too bashful ; 

too reserved. Hales. 
O/VERMOST, 6'-vur-m6st. a. Highest; over the 
rest in authority. Ainsworih. 



OVERMU'CH§, 6-vur-mutsh'. a. Too much; more 

than enough. Locke. 
OVERMU'CH, 6-vur-mutsh'. ad. In too great a de- 
gree. Hooker. 
OVERMUCH, 6-vur-mutsh'. n. s. More than enough. 

Miltm. 
OVERMU'CHNESS, 6-vur-mutsh'-nes. n. s. Exu- 
berance ; superabundance. B. Jonson. Ob. J. 
To OVERMU'LTFTUDE*. o-v&r-mul'-te-tude. r.<i. 

To exceed in number. Milton. 
OVERNFGHT, 6-vur-nIte'. n. s. Night before bed- 
time. Sliakspeare. 
To OVERNA ME, 6-vur-name'. v. a. To name in a 

series. Shakspeare. 
To OVERNOI'SE*, 6-v6r-n6fee'. v. a. To over- 
power by noise. Cowley. 
To OVERO'FFFCE, 6-vur-&f'-f?s. v. a. To lord by 

virtue of an office. Shakspeare. 
OVEROFFFCIOUS, 6-vur-6f-fish'-us. a. Too busy; 

too importunate. Collier. 
To OVERPA'INT*. 6-vur-pant'. v. a. To colour or 

describe too strongly. A. Hill. 
To OVERPA'SS, 6-vfir-pas'. v. a. To cross. Dry- 
den. To overlook ; to pass with disregard. Hooker. 
To omit in a reckoning. Raleigh. To omit; not 
to receive. Hooker. 
OVERPA'ST, 6-vur-past'. part. a. Gone; past. 

Sliakspeare. 
To OVERPA'Y, 6-v6r-pa'. v. a. To reward beyond 

the price. ShaksjKare. 
To OVERPE'ER, 6-vur-pere'. v. a. To overlook ; 

to hover above. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To OVERPE'RCH, 6-vur-pertsh'. v. a. To fly over. 

Sliakspeare. 
To OVERPl'CTURE*, 6-vur-pik'-tshure. v. a. To 

exceed the representation or picture. Shakspeare. 
OVERPLUS, o'-vur-plfls. n. s. Surplus ; what re- 
mains more than sufficient. Hooker. 
To OVERPLY', 6-vur-pll'. v. a. To employ too la- 
boriously-. Milton. 
To OVERPOISE, o-vur-pSeze'.y. a. To outweigh. 

Brown. 
OVERPOTSE, 6 / -vur-p6eze'.493. n. s. Preponderant 

weight. Dryden. 
To OVERPO'LISH*, 6-vur-p6l'-fsh. v. a. To finish 

too nicely. Blackmail. 
OVERPONDEROUS* 6-vur-p&n'-dur-us. a. Too 

weighty ; too depressing. Mil6on. 
To O VERPOST*, 6-vur-p6st'. v. a. To get quickly 

over. Shakspeare. 
To OVERPOWER, 6-vur-pdiV-ur. v. a. To be 
predominant over; to oppress by superiority. Mil 
ton. 
To OVERPRE'SS, 6-vur-pres'. v. a. To bear upon 
with irresistible force; to overwhelm; to crush. 
Sidney. To overcome by entreaty ; to press or 
persuade too much. 
To OVERPRFZE, 6-vfir-prlze'. v. a. To value at 

too high price. Wolton. 
OVERFROMPTNESS*. o-vur-pr&mt'-nes. n. s. 

Hastiness; precipitation. Hales. 
OVERQUFETNESS*, 6-vur-kwl'-gt-nes. 11. s. A 

state of too much quiet. Brown. 
OVERRA / NK,6-v6r-rangk / .a.Too rank. Mortimer. 
To OVERRATE, 6-vur-rate'. v. a. To rate at too 

much. Dryden. 
To OVERRE'ACH §, 6-vfir-reetsh'. v. a. To rise 
above. Raleigh. To deceive; to go beyond; to 
circumvent. Hooker. 
To OVERRE'ACH, 6-vur-reelsh'. v. n. A horse is 
said to overreach, when he brings his hinder feet 
too far forwards, and strikes his toes against his 
fore shoes. Farrier's Did. 
OVERRE'ACHER, 6-v6r-reetsh'-ur. n. s. A cheat; 

a deceiver. 
To OVERRE'AD, 6-vur-reed'. v. a. To peruse. 

Shakspeare. 
To OVERRE'D, o-v&r-r&l'. v. a. To smear with 

red. Shakspeare. 
To OVERRFDE*, 6-vfir-rlde 7 . v. a. To ride over. 
Chaucer. To ride too much : as, The horse was 
ovei ridden. 

660 



OVE 



OVE 



-no, move, ndr, nftt ; — tube, tftb, bflll ;— $l\ ; — pdlVid ; — thm, THis. 



To OVERRI'PEN, 6-v6r-rl'-pn. v. a. To make too 

ripe. 
To OVERROAST, 6-vfir-r6st'. v. a. To roast too 

much. Sluikspeare. 
To OVERRU'LE$, 6-vfir-rodF. v. a. To influence 
with predominant power; to be superiour in an 
thority. Sidney. To govern with high authority ; 
to superintend. Hayward. To supersede. Carew. 

OVERRU'LER*, 6-var-ru/-lQr. n.s. Director; gov- 

ernour. Sidney. 
To OVERRU'ft$, 6-vur-run'. v. a. To harass by 
incursions ; to ravage. Spenser. To outrun ; to 
pass behind. Sidney. To overspread ; to cover all 
over. Noli. i. To "mischief by great numbers; to 
pester. Addison. To injure by treading down. 
[Among printers.] To be obliged to change the dis- 
position of the lines and words in correcting, by 
reason of the insertions. 

TbOVERRU'N, 6-vdr-rfin'. v.n. To overflow; to 
be more than full. Smith. 

OVERRUNNER* 6-vur-nV-nur. n.s. One who 
roves over in a hostile manner. Lovelace. 

O'VERSEA^o'-var-se. a. Foreign; from beyond 
seas. Wilson. 

To OVERSEE $, 6-vur-see'. v. a. To superintend ; 
to overlook. Spenser. To overlook; to pass by 
unheeded ; to omit. Hudibras. 

OVERSE'EN,6-vfir-seen'.parf. Mistaken; deceived. 
Hooker. 

OVERSE'ER, 6-vQr-see'-ur. n. s. One who over- 
looks : a superintendent. Hooker. An officer who 
has the care of the parochial provision for the 
poor. Graunt 

To OVERSET. o-vfir-seV. v. a. To turn bottom up 
wards; to throw off the basis; to subvert. Dry den. 
To throw out of regularity. Dry den. 

To OVERSET. 6-vur-sel'. v. n.To fall off' the ba- 
sis; to turn upside down. Mortimer. 

To OVERSHA'DE. e-vfir-shade'. v. a. To cover 
with any thing that causes darkness. Shakspeare. 

T^OVERSHA'DOW^, o-vur-shad'-di. v. a. To 
throw a shadow over any thing. Bacon. To shel- 
ter ; to protect. MiUon. 

OVERSHA'DOWER* d-vfir-shad'-do-ur. n. s. One 
who throws a shade over any thing. Bacon. 

To OVERSHOOT, 6-vur-sh66t'. a. n. To fly be- 
yond the mark. Collier. 

To OVERSHO'OT, A-vur-shoSt'. i>. a. To shoot be- 
yond the mark. Tillotson. To pass swiftly over. 
Harte. To venture too far ; to assert loo much. 
Hooker. 

OVERSIGHT, 6'-vur-site. 493. n. s. Superinten- 
dence. 2 Kings, xii. Mistake ; errour. Hooker. 

To OVERSrZE, 6-vur-size'. 0. a. To surpass in bulk. 
Sandys, [over and size.] To plaster over. Sliak. 

To OVERSKI'P, 6-vur-sklp'. r. a. To pass by leap- 
ing. Hooker. To pass over. Donne. To escape. Shak. 

To OVERSLE'EP, (War-sleep 7 , v. a. To sleep too 
long. 

To OVERSLI'P, 6-vAr-sllp'. ?\ a. To pass undone, 
unnoticed, or unused ; to neglect. Carew. 

To O VERSLO'W*, 6-vur-sl6'. v. a. To render slow; 
to check ; to curb. Hammond. 

To OVERSNOW, 6-vur-sntV. v. a. To cover with 
snow. Shakspeare. 

OVERSOLD, 6-vur-s6ld'. part. Sold at too high a 
price. Dryden. 

OVERSO'ON. o-vur-sflon' ad. Too soon. Sidney. 

To OVERSO'RROW*, 6-vur-scV-rO. v. a. To af- 
flict with too much sorrow. Milton. 

To OVERSPE'AK*, 6-vur-speek'. v. a. To say too 
much ; to express in too many words. Hales. 

OVERSPE'NT, 6-vftr-spent'. part. Wearied; har- 
assed ; forespent. Dryden. 

To OVERSPRE'AD, 6-v5r-sprecl'. v. a. To cover 
over; to fill; to scatter over. Spenser. 

To OVERSTA'ND, o-var-stand'. v. a. To stand too 
much upon conditions. Dryden. 

To OVERSTATE, 6-vfir-stare'. v. n. To stare 
widely. Ascham. 

To OVERSTOCK, 6-vfir-stdk'. v. a. To fill too full j 
to crowd. Wilkins. 



To OVERSTO'RE, 6-vur-st6re'. ». a. To store with 

too much. Hale. 
To OVERSTRA'IN, o-vfir-strane'. v. n. To make 

loo violent efforts. Collier. 
To OVERSTRA'IN, 6-vfir-strane'. v. a. To stretch 

too far. Ayliffe. 
To OVERSTRE'W*, 6-vGr-str6'. v. a. To spread 

over. Shakspeare. 
To OVERSTRFKE* 6-vfir-strlke'. v. a. To strike 

beyond. Spejiser. 
To OVERS W A' Y, 6-vur-swa'. v. a. To overrule j 

to bear down. Hooker. 
To OVERSWE'LL, 6-vflr-sweT. r. a. To rise 

above. Shakspeare. 
OVERT $, 6'-vert. 5U. a. [ouvert, Fr.] Open ; pub- 
lick ; apparent. Bacon. 
To OVERT A'KE, 6-viir-take'. v. a. To catch any 

thing by pursuit; to come up to something going 

before. Hooker. To take by surprise. Gal. vi. 
To OVERTASK, 6-vur-task'. v. a. To burthen 

with too heavy duties or injunctions. Milton. 
To OVERTAX, 6-vur-taks'. v. a. To tax too heav- 

To OVERTHROWS, 6-vfir-*/ir6'. v. a. [preter. 
overthrew ; part, overthrown.'] To turn upside down. 
Bp. Taylor. To throw down. MiUon. To ruin ; 
to demolish. Dryden. To defeat ; to conquer; to 
vanquish. Hooker. To destroy ; to subvert ; to 
mischief; to bring to nothing. Sidney. 

OVERTHROW, 6'^w-thrb. 493. n.s. The state 
of being turned upside down. Ruin; destruction. 
Hooker. Defeat; discomfiture. Sidney. Degrada- 
tion. Shakspeare. 

OVERTHRO'WER, 6-vur-tfmV-ur. n. s. He who 
overthrows. 

OVERTHWA'RT §, 6-vur-tfwart'. a. Opposite ; 
being over against. Dryden. Crossing any thing 
perpendicularly. Perverse; adverse; contradic- 
tious; cross. Wicliffe. 

OVERTHWA'RT*', 6-vur-i/iwart'. n. s. A cross or 
adverse circumstance. Ld. Surrey. Ob. T. 

OVERTHWA'RT, 6-vur-*/iwart'. prep. Across : as, 
He laid a plank overt/mart the brook. 

To OVERTHWA'RT*, 6-vur-tfiwarf. v. a. To op- 
pose. Stapleton. 

OVERTHWA'RTLY^-vur-^wart'-le. ad. Across,- 
transversely. Peacham. Pervicaciouslyj per- 
versely. 

OVERTHWA'RTNESS, 6-vur-i/iwarf-nes. n. s. 
Posture across. Pervicacitv; perverseneas. Ld. 
Herbert. 

To OVERTFRE*, c-vur-tlre'. v. a. To subdue with 
fatigue. Milton. 

To OVERTI'TLE*, d-vur-tl'-U. v. a. To give too 
hisrh a title to. Fuller. 

O'VERTLY, o'-vert-le. ad. Openly. Dean Young. 

OVERTO'OK, o-vur-tSdk'. pret. and part. pass, of 
overtake. 

To OVERTO'P, 6-vur-t6p'. v. a. To rise above; to 
raise the head above. Slialc. To excel ; to surpass. 
Slwdc. To obscure ; to make of less importance by 
superiour excellence. Bacon. 

To OVERTO'WER*, 6-vor-tcW-ur. v.n. To soa? 
too high. Fuller. 

To OVERTRl'P, 6-ver-trlp'. «. a. To trip over; fo 
walk lightly over. Shakspeare. 

To OVERTRO'W^i-vfir-tri'. v.n. [opepteuppan, 
Sax.] To be over-confident ; to think too highly. 
Wicliffe. 

To OVERTRU'ST*. o-vflr-trfist'. v. a. To place 
too much reliance on. Bp. Hall. 

O'VERTURE, (V-vur-tshure. 463. n. s. [overture, 
Fr.] An opening; an aperture; an open place. 
This is the primary sense. Spenser. Opening ; dis- 
closure; discovery. Sliak. Proposal; something 
offered to consideration. Davies. A musical com- 
position played at the beginning of an oratorio, 
concert, or opera. A. Smith. 

To OVERTURNS, 6-vur-uW. v. a. To throw 
down; to topple down; to subvert; to ruin. Job. 
To overpower ; to conquer. Milton. 

OVERTU'RJN*, ^-vur-turn. n. s. Stale of being 
661 



OWI 



OYL 



[IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, plnj 






turned upside down ; an overthrow. Lord Cluster- 
field.. 

OVERTU'RNABLE*, 6-vfir-tfirn'-a-bl. a. That 
may be overturned. Hist. Royal Soc. 

OVERTU'RNER, 6-vur-tfirn'-fir. n. s. Subverter. 
Swift. 

To OVERVALUE, o-vflr-val'-u. v. a. To rate at 
too high a price. Hooker. 

To OVERVE'lL, 6-vfir-va.le'. v. a. To cover. Slutk- 
speare. 

To OVERVO'TE, o-vQr-v6te'. v. a. To conquer by 
plurality of votes. King Cliarles. 

To OVERWA'TCH, 6-vfir-w6tsh / . v. n. To subdue 
with long- want of rest. Drijden. 

OVERWATCHED, 6-vfir-wdtsht\ or. Tired with 
too much watching-. Sidney. 

OVERWEA'K, 6-vfir-weke'. a. Too weak ; too 
feeble. Raleigh, 

To OVERWEARY, o-vur-we'-re. v. a. To subdue 
with fatigue, Dryden. 

To OVER WEATHER, o-vfir-weTH'-ur. v. a. To 
batter by violence of weather. Sliakspeare. 

To OVERWE'EN §, 6-var-ween'. v.n. To think 
too highly, to think with arrogance. To reach be- 
yond the truth of any thing in thought ; especially 
in the opinion of a man's self. Sliakspeare. 

OVERWEE'NINGLY, o-vur-ween'-lng-le. ad. 
With too much arrogance ; with too high an opin- 
ion. Milton. 

!ft)OVERWE'IGH§, 6-vfir-wa'. v. a. To prepon- 
derate. Hooker. 

OVERWEIGHT, d'-vur-wate. 493. n. s. Prepon- 
derance. Bacon. 

To OVERWHELM §, 6-vfir-hwelm'. v. a. To 
crush underneath something violent and weight}'. 
Rogers. To overlook gloomily. Sliak- To put 
over. Dr. Papin. 

OVERWHE'LM*, 6-vur-hwelm'. n. s. The act of 
overwhelming. Young. Not in use. 

OVERWHELMINGLY, i-v&r-hwel'-mmg-le. ad. 
In such a manner as to overwhelm. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. Ob. J. 

To OVERWI'NG*, 6-vSr-wW. v. a. To outreach 
the wing of an army; to outflank. Milton. 

OVERWISE §, 6-vur-wlze'. a. Wise to affectation. 
Eccl. vii. 

OVERWI'SENESS*, 6-vur-wize'-nes. n. s. Pre- 
tended wisdom. Sir W. Raleigh. 

To OVERWO'RD* o-vfir-wurd'. v. a. To say too 
much. 

To OVERWORK*. A-vfir-wfirk'. v. a. To tire. 
South. 

OVERWO'RN, A-vSr-worn'. part, Worn out ; sub- 
dued by toil. Dryden. Spoiled by time. Shak. 

To OVERWRE'STLE*. 6-vur-reV-sl. v. a. To 
subdue by wrestling. Spenser. 

OVERWROUGHT, d-vflr-rawt'. part. Laboured 
too much. Dryden. Worked all over. Pope. 

OVERYEA'RED, 6-viV-yeerd'. a. Too old. Fair- 
fax. 

OVERZE'ALED*, 6-vfir-zeeld 7 . a. Ruled by too 
much zeal. Fuller. Ob. T. 

OVERZEA'LOUS, A-vor-zel'-fts. a. Too zealous. 

O'VIDUCT*, i'-ve-d&kt. n. s. [ovum and ductus J.at] 

A passage for the egg from the ovary to the womb. 

Hist. R. Society, iii. 
O'VIFORM, o'-ve-form. a. [ovum and forma, Lat.] 

Having the shape of an egg. Burnet. 
OVI PAROUS, 6-vip'-pa-rfis. 518. a. [ovum and 

pario, Lat.] Bringing forth eggs ; not viviparous. 

More. 
To OW T E§, 6. 324. v.n. [egaa, Icel.] To be obliged 

to pay ; to be indebted. Shak. To be obliged to 

ascribe ; to be obliged for. Milton.. To have from 

any thing as the consequence of a cause. Pope. 

To possess ; to be the right owner of. Shakspeare. 
To OWE*, 6. v.n. To be bound or obliged. Bp. 

Fisher. 
O'WING, 6Mng. part. Consequential. Alter bury. 

Due as a debt. Dryden. Imputable to, as an agent. 

Lockt 



OWL §, 6&1. 322. > n . s. [ule, Sax. ; hulole, Fr.] 

Q'WLET$, 6u'-let. 99. \ A bird that flies about in 
the night and catches mice. Shakspeare. 

OWL-LIGHT* dfil'-llte. n.s. Glimmering light; 
twilight. Warburton. 

OWL-LIKE*, 6ul'-llke. a. Resembling an owl in 
look or quality.* Donne. 

O'WLER, &ul'-&r. 98. n. s. One who carries contra- 
band goods : in the legal sense, one that carries 
out wool illicitly. [Perhaps a corruption oiwooller?, 
Swift. 

O'WLING*, diV-lfng. n. s. An offence against pub- 
lick trade. Blackstone. 

OWLISH*, MP-bh. a. Resembling an owl. Gray. 

OWN §, one. 324. n. s. [a£eo, Sax.] This is a word 
of no other use than as it is added to the possessive 
pronouns, my, thy, his, her, our, your, their. Dryden. 
It is added generally by way of emphasis or cor- 
roboration. 2 Kings, xvii. Sometimes it is added 
to note opposition or contradistinction : domestick ; 
not foreign : mine, his, or yours ; no*, another's. Dan. 

To OWN, 6ne. v. a. To acknowledge ; to avow for 
one's own. Dryden. To possess ; to claim. Dry- 
den. To avow. Wilkins. To confess ; not to de-' 
ny. Locke. 

OWNER, 6'-n&r. 98. n. s. One to whom any thing 
belongs; master. Bacon. 

OWNERSHIP, 6'-nur-sh?p. n. s. Property ; right 
ful possession. Ayliffe. 

OWRE, 6&r. n. s. A "beast. Ainsnoorth. 

OX §, oks. n. s. plur. oxen, [oxa, Sax.] The general 
name for black cattle. , Camden. A castrated bull. 
Bacon. 

OX-LIKE* 6ks'-llke. a. Resembling an ox in look 
or quality. Sandys. 

OXBA'NE, &ks'-bane. n. s. A plant. Ainsworth. 

OXEYE, dks'J.n.s. A plant. Miller. 

O'XEYED*, 6ksMde. a. Having large or full eyes, 
like those of an ox. Burton. 

OXFLY, 6ks'-fll. n. s. A fly of a particular kind. 

O'XGANG of Land. n. s. Ordinarily taken for fifteen 
acres. It is sometimes called oxgate; and, in the 
north, corruptly, osken. Kelham. 

OXHEAL, fiks'-hele. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. 

O'XLIP, 6ksMfp. n. s. [qxan-rlippa, Sax.] The same 
with coioslip, a vernal flower, 'Shakspeare. 

OXSTALL, oks'-stafl. 406. n. s. A stand for oxen. 

O'XTER*, oks'-t&r. n.s. [oxtan, Sax.] The arm-pit. 

OXTONGUE, oks'-tung. n. s. A plant. Aimwoi'th. 

O'XYCRATE, Aks'-e-krate. n.s. [o|tkparov.J A 
mixture of water and vinegar. Wiseman. 

O'XYGEN*, dks^-e-jjb. n.s. [dfvs and ypo/iai.] 
A principle existing in the air, of Which it forms the 
respirable part, and which is also necessary to com- 
bustion. Oxygen, by combining with bodies, makes 
them acid ; whence its name, signifying generatoi 
of acids. 

O'XYGON*, oks'-e-gSn. n. s. [6 fa and ywna.] A 
triangle, having three acute angles. 

OXYMEL, Ak'-se-mel. n. s. [o^neh.] A mixture of 
vinegar and honey. Arbuthnot. 

OXYMORON, oks-e-m^-rfin. 166. n.s. [o|fyu>pov.] 
A rhetorical figure, in which an epithet of a quite 
contrary signification is added to any word. Bar- 
row. 

OXY'RRHODINE.oks-V-o-dlne. 149. n.s. [0^0- 
Sivov.] A mixture of two parts of oil of rcses with 
one of vinegar of roses. Floyer. 

O'YER, 6'-yfir. 98. n. s. [oyer, old Fr.] A court of 
oyer and terminer is a judicature where causes 
are heard and determined. 

OYF/S, 6-yis'. [oyez, Fr., hear ye.] Is the intro- 
duction to any proclamation or advertisement given 
by the publick criers. It is thrice repeated. Shak. 

33= This word, like several others, has been changed by 
the vulgar into something which they think they un- 
derstand. It is derived from the old French impera- 
tive Oyez, Hear ye ! but is now universally heard in 
courts of justice like the affirmative adverb yes, pre- 
ceded by the long open 0. — See Asparagus, and Lan- 
tern. W. 



O'YLETHOLE. n. s. 



See Eyelet. 

662 



Pnvr. 



OYS 






OZJE 


— nA, move, 


ndr, n6t ; 


-tube, tfib, bfill ;— Ail ;- 


— pdfind ', — thin, THis. 



OYSTERS, oe'-stftr. 98. n. s. lortpa, orCpe, 

Sax.] A bivalve testaceous tish. Woodward. 
O'YSTERWENCH, de'-stfir-wcnsh. 
OYSTERWIFE, de'-stfir-vvlfe. 
( ^YSTERWOMAN, 6e'-sl&r-wum'-fin. 



A woman whose business is to sell oysters. Up. 
Hall. 
OZiE'NA, 6-ze'-na. 92. n. s. [^«<va.] An ulcer in 
the inside of the nostrils that gives an ill stench. 
Quincy. 



PAC 



PAD 



Pis a labial consonant, formed by a slight com- 
pression of the anterior part of the Tips ; as, 
pull, pelt. It is confounded by the Germans and 
Welsh with b ; it has a uniform sound : it is some- 
times mute before t ; as, accompt, receipt ; but the 
mute p is in modern orthography commonly omit- 
ted. 412. 

PA'AGE*. pa'-idje. n. s. [paage, old Fr. ; paagium, 
low Lat.] A toll for passage through the grounds 
of another person. Burke. Ob. T. 

PA'BULAR, pab'-bu-Iar. a. Affording aliment or 
provender. 

PABULATION, pab-bfi-la'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
feeding or procuring provender. Corkeram. 

PATULOUS, pab'-bu-l&s. 314. a. Alimentalj af- 
fording aliment. Brown. 

PA'BULUM, pab'-bu-lfim. n.s. [Lat.] Food; sup- 
port. Bp. Berkeley. 

PACATION*, pa-ka'-shfin. n. s. [paco, Lat.] The 
act of appeasing. Bailey. Ob. T. 

PACE §, pase. n. s. [pas, Fr.] Step } single change 
of the foot in walking. Milton. Gait} manner of 
waik. Sidney. Degree of celerity. To keep or 
Jwld pace, is not to be left behind. Shak. Step ; 
gradation of business : a gallicism. Temple. A 
measure of five feet. Holder. A particular move- 
ment which horses are taught, though some have 
it naturally, made by lifting the legs on the same 
side together. Hudibras. 

To PACE, pase. v. n. To move on slowly. Spenser. 
To move. Shak. Used of horses : to move by 
raising the legs on the same side together. 

To PACE, pase. v. a. To measure by steps. Shak. 
To direct to go. Shakspea?-e. 

PA'CED, paste. 359. a. Having a particular gait. 
Dryden. Perfect in paces : spoken of horses ; and 
thence applied io persons, generally in a bad sense : 
as. thorough-paced. Shakspeare. 

PA'CER, pa'-sfir. 98. n.s. One that paces. A horse 
that is perfect in paces. Spectator. 

PACI'FICAL*, pa-slf-fe-kal. a. [pacijicus, Lat.] 
Mild ; gentle ; peace-making. Sir H. Wotton. 

PACIFICATION, pas-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
The act of making peace. Bacon. The act of ap- 
peasing or pacifying. Hooker. 

PACI'FICATOR,pas-sff-fe-ka'-tur. 521. n.s. [pacifi- 
cateur, Fr.] Peacemaker. Bacon. 

PACIFICATORY, pas-sfr'-fe-ka-tfir-e. 512. a. 
Tending to make peace. Barrow. 

PACI'FICK, pa-sif-f?k. 509. a. [pacijicus, Lat.] 
Peace-making ; mild ; gentle ; appeasing. Ham- 
mond. 

PACIFIER, pas'-se-fi-ur. n.s. One who pacifies. 
Huloet. 

lb PACIFY $, pas'-se-fl. 183. v. a. [pacifier, Fr. ; 
pacifio, Lat.] To appease ; to still resentment ; 
to quiet any angry person ; to compose any desire. 
Bacon. 

PACK§, pak. n. s. [pack, Teut.] A large bundle of 
any thing tied up for carriage. Bacon. A burden ; 
a load. Shak. A due number of cards. Granville. 
A number of hounds hunting together. Dryden. 
A number of people confederated in any bad 
design or practice. Clarendon. Any great num- 
ber, as to quantity and pressure : as, a pack 
or world of troubles. A loose or lewd person, 
[paeca, from paecan, Sax.] Skelton. 
To PACK, pak. v.a. [packen, Teut.] To bind up 
for carriage. Otway. To send in a nurry. Shak. 
To sort the cards so as that the game shall bo 



iniquitously secured, [paecan, Sax.] Bacon. To 

unite picked persons in some bad design. Hudib. 
To PACK, pak. v. n. To tie up goods. Cleaveland. 

To go cff in a hurry ; to remove in haste. Tusser. 

To concert bad measures} to confederate in ill 

Carew. 
PACKAGE*, pak'-ldje. n. s. A bale ; goods packed. 
PACKCLOTH, pak'-klotf*. n. s. A cloth in which 

goods are tied up. 
PACKER, pak'-k&r. 98. n.s. One who binds up 

bales for carriage. 
PACKET, pak'-ku. 99. n. s. [pacquet, Fr.] A small 

pack : a mail of letters. Shak. A small bundle. 

The post ship, the ship that brings letters periodi- 
cally. Swift. 
To PA'CKET, pak'-kh. v. a. To bind up in parcels. 

Swift. 
PA'CKHORSE, pak'-h6rse. n. s. A horse of bur- 
den ; a horse employed in carrying goods. Locke. 
PACKING*, pak'-ing. n. s. [from To pack, in the 

sense of cheating.] A trick ; a cheat} a falsehood. 

Bale. 
PACKSADDLE, pak'-sad-dl. 405. n. s. A saddle 

on which burdens are laid. Shakspeare. 
PA'CKSTAFF*, pak'-staf. n. s. A staff by which a 

pedler occasionally supports his pack. Bp. Hall. 
PACKTHREAD, pkk'-thrM. n. s. Strong thread 

used in tying up^ parcels. Bacon. 
PA'CKWAX, pak'-waks. n. s. [more frequently 

written pax-wax.] The strong aponeuroses of the 

neck in brutes. JRat/. 
PACT§, pakt. n. s. [Fr.; pactum, Lat.] A contract; 

a bargain ; a covenant. Bacon. 
PACTION, pak'-shfin. n.s. [Fr. 5 pactio, Lat.] A 

bargain ; a covenant. Hayward. 
PA'CTIONAL*, pak'-shun-al. a. By way of bargain 

or covenant. Sanderson. 
PACTI'TIOUS, pak-tlsh'-fis. a. [pactio, Lat.] Set- 
tled by covenant. 
PAD §, pad. n.s. [paab, Sax.] The road; a foot- 
path. L' Estrange. An easy-paced horse. Dryden. 

A robber that infests the roads on foot. A low, soft 

saddle. Camden. 
To PAD, pad. v. n. To travel gently. To rob on 

foot. Dr. Pope. To beat a way smooth and level. 
PA'DAR, pa'-dar. n. s. Grouts; coarse flour 

Wotton. 
P ADDER, pad'-dfir. 98. n.s. A robber } a foot high 

way man. Hudibras. 
To PADDLE $, pad'-dl. 405. v.n. [patoui/ler, Fr.] 

To row} to beat water as with oars. Gay. To 

play in the water. Collier. To finger. Shak 

speare. 
To PA'DDLE*. pad'-dl. v a. To feel } to play with; 

to toy with. Shakspeare. 
PA'DDLE, pad'-dl. n. s. [pattal, Welsh.] An oar, 

particularly that which is used by a single rower 

in a boat. Any thing broad, like the end of an oar. 

Deut. xxii. 
PA'DDLER, pad'-dl-6r. 98. n. s. One who paddles. 

Beaumont and Fletclier. 
PA'DDLESTAFF, Dad'-dl-staf. n. s. A staff headed 

with broad iron. Bp. Hall. 
PA'DDOCK, pad'-dfik. 166. n. s. [pba, Sax. j pad- 

de, Dutch.] A great frog or toad Spenser. 
PA'DDOCK, pad'-dfik. n.s. [pa} k puc, Sax. of 

which paddock is a corruption.] A small enclosure 

for deer or other animals. Evelyn. 
PADELI'ON, pad-e-ll'-fin. n. s. [pas de lion, Fr.] 

An herb. Ainsworth. 

663 



PAI 



PAL 



!CF 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, 



/A'DLOCKS, pad'-l&k. n.s. [padde,Dutch.\ A lock 

hung- on a staple to hold on a link. Prior. 
To PA'DLOCK, pad'-ldk. v. a. To fasten with a 

Xadlock. Milton. 
D-NAG, pad'-nag. n. s. An ambling nag. Dr. 
Pope. 
PA'DOWPIPE, pad'-di-plpe. n. s. An herb. Ains- 



PADUASO'Y* n. s. [soye, Fr.] A kind of silk. 
Sheridan. Written also padesoy. 

P^E'AN, pe'-an. n. s. [from the songs sung at festivals 
to Apollo, beginning Io pceon.] A song of triumph. 
Roscommon. A classical and compound foot in 
verse of four syllables, written also pceon. Harris. 

PA'GAN §, pa'-gan. 88. n. s. [pa^anip c, Sax. ; paga- 
«?2s,Lat.] A heathen ; one not a Christian. Hooker. 

PA'GAN, pa'-gan. a. Heathenish Shakspeare. 

PAGANISH*, pa'-gan-fsh. a. [pa^anifc, Sax.] 
Heathenish. Bp. King. 

PA'GANISM,pa/-gan-?zm. n.s. Heathenism. Hooker. 

To PA'GANIZE^pa'-gan-ke. v. a. To render hea- 
thenish. Hallywell. 

,n. To behave 



To PA'GANIZE* pa'-gan-lze. v. 
like a paeran. Milton. 



PAGE §, padje. n. s. [page, Fr. ; pagina, Lat.] One 
side of the leaf of a book. Bp. Taylor. A boy 
child. Cluxucer. A boy servant ; a young boy at 
tending, rather in formality than servitude, on i 
great person. Bacon. 
To PAGE, padje. v. a. To mark the pages of a book 

To attend as a page. Shakspeare. 
PA'GEANT^pad'-jfint. 244. n.s. [present partici- 
ple psecceanb of the Sax. psecan, to deceive ; pa- 
cheand, pacheant, pageant.'] A .statue in a show. 
Any showj a spectacle of entertainment. Shak. 
Any thing showy without stability or duration. 
Pope. 
Jc5" Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, pronounce the a 
in the first syllable long, like that in page ; but Mr. 
Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and Sir. Nares, make 
it short, as in pad. That the first is more analogical, is 
evident, as the accented a is succeeded by the diphthong 
ea, 505 : but that the last is more agreeable to general 
usage, I have not the least doubt. The same reason 
holds good for the first a in pageantry ; but usage is 
still more decidedly for the short sound of the a in this 
word, than in pageant. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, adopt the short sound, 
and Entick, alone, the long one. About forty years 
ago, when Mr. Garrick exhibited a show in honour of 
Shakspeare, it was universally called a padjunt. W. 

PA'GEANT, pad'-j&nt. a. Showy; pompous; osten- 
tatious; superficial. Dryden. 

To PA'GEANT, pad'-j&nt. v. a. To exhibit in show; 
to represent. SJuxkspeare. 

PA'GEANTRY, pad'-j&n-tre. n.s. Pomp; show. 
Gov. of the Tongue. 

PA/GINAL, pad'-je-nal. a. [pagina, Lat.] Consist- 
ing ofpages. Brown. 

PA'GOD, pa' -god. ^ ) n.s. [a corruption of pout- 

PAGO'DA*, pa-go'-da. ) ghad, Persian.] An In- 
dian idol. Bp. Hall. The temple of the idol. 
Pope. The name of an Indian coin, both of gold 
and silver ; usually called pagoda. 

PAID, pade. 222. The preterit and participle passive 
of pay. Dryden. 

PAFGLE, pji'-gl. n. s. A kind of cowslip. B. Jonson. 

PAIL §, pale. 202. n. s. [paila, Span.] A wooden ves- 
sel in which milk or water is commonly carried. 
Bacon. 

PAFLFUL, pale'-ffil. n. s. The quantity that a pail 
will hold. Bp. Hall. 

PAILMAIL, pel-mel'. [See Mall.] n.s. The same 
with pallmall. See Pallmall. Digby. 

PAIN§, pane. 73, 202. n.s. [peine, Fr.] Punishment 
denounced. Sidney. Penalty ; punishment. Bacon. 
Sensation of uneasiness. Bacon. In the plural : 
labour; work; toil. Abbot. Labour; task. Spen- 
ser. Uneasiness of mind ; anxiety ; solicitude. 
Prior. The throes of child-birth. 1 Sam. iv. 

To PAIN, pane. v. a. [from the noun.] To afflict; to 
torment ; to make uneasy. Jer. iv. [With the re- 
ciprocal pronoun.] To labour. Spenser. 



PAFNFUL, pane'-ful. a. Full of pain ; miserable ; 
beset with affliction. Milton. Giving pain; afflic- 
tive. Addison. Difficult ; requiring labour. Shak 
Industrious; laborious. Dryden. 

PAFNFULLY, paneMul-le. ad. With great pain or 
affliction. Laboriously; diligently. Raleigh. 

PAFNFULNESS,pane'-fol-nes. n.s. Afflictfon ; sor- 
row ; grief. Sidney. Industry ; laboriousness. 
Hooker. 

PAFNIM, pa'-nlm. n. s. [paienime / old Fr.] A pa- 
gan ; an infiuel. Hooker. 

PAFNIM, pa'-nfm. a. Pagan ; infidel. Milton. 

PAFNLESS, pane'-lgs. a. Free from pain; void of 
trouble. Fell. 

PAINSTA'KER, panz'-ta-kur. n. s. Labourer; la 
borious person. Gay. 

PAINSTAKING, panz'-ta-kmg. *. Laborious ; in- 
dustrious. Han-is. 

PAINSTA'KING^panz'-ta-klng. n. s. Great indus- 
try. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To PAINTS, pant. 202. v. a. [peint, from peindre. 
Fr.] To represent by delineation and colours. Shak. 
To cover with colours representative of something. 
Shak. To represent by colours, appearances or 
images. Locke. To describe ; to represent. Shak. 



To colour ; to diversify. Sper, 



To deck with 



artificial colours. 2 Kiiigs, ix. 
To PAINT, pant. v. n. To Jay colours on the face. 

Pope. 
PAINT, nant. n. s. Colours representative of any 
thing. Granville. Colours laid on the face. Young 
PAINTER, pan'-tur. 98. n.s. [ peintre, Fr.] One 
who professes the art of representing objects by 
colours. Wotton. A naval term : a rope employed 
to fasten a boat. Hawkesworth. 
PAFNTING, pan'-t'ing. 410. n. s. The art of repre- 
senting objects by delineation and colours. Dryden. 
Picture ; the painted resemblance. Shak. Colours 
laid on. Shakspeare. 
PAFNTURE, pan'-tshure. 461. n.s. [peinture, Fr.] 

The art of painting. Dryden. 
PAIRS, pare. 202. n. s. [paire, Fr. ; par, Lat.] Two 
things suiting one another, as a pair of gloves. 
A man and wife. Milton. Two of a sort ; a 
couple ; a brace. Suckling. 
To PAIR, pare. v. n. To be joined in pairs ; to couple. 

Shak. To suit; to fit as a counterpart. Shak.'' 
To PAIR, pare. v. a. To join in couples. Dryden. 

To unite as correspondent or opposite. Pope. 
To PAIR*, pare. v. a. [psepan, Sax.] To impair. 

Spenser. 
PALACES, pal'-las. 91. n. s. [palais, Fr.l A royal 

house; a house eminently splendid. Shakspeare. 
PALACE-COURT*, pal'-las-k6rt. n. s. A court of 
legal jurisdiction, now held once a week (together 
with the court of Marshalsea) in the borough of 
Southwark. Blackstone. 
PALA'CIOUS, pa-la'-shfis. a. Royal; noble; mag- 
nificent. Graunt. 
PALANQUFN, pal-an-keen'. 112. n. s. [palkee, 
Ind.] A kind of covered-carriage used in the eastern 
countries that is supported onthe shoulders of slaves. 
Hist, of the Kingdom of Macassar. 
PATATABLE, pal'-lat-ta-bl. a. Gustful ; pleasing 

to the taste. Addison. 
PA'LATE §, paF-lat. 91. n. s. [palatum, Lat.] The 
instrument of taste ; the upper part or roof of the 
mouth. Locke. Mental relish; intellectual taste. 
Taylor. 
To PA'LATE*, pal'-lat. v. a. To perceive by the 

taste. Shakspeare. 
PALA'TIAL*, pa-la'-shal. a. [palatium, Lat.] Be- 
fitting a palace ; magnificent. Drummond. 
PA'LATICK, pal-lat'-tfk. 509. a. Belonging to the 

palate or roofof the mouth. Holder. 
PALA'TlNATE, pa-lat'-e-nate. n. s. [palatinatus, 
Lat.] The county wherein is the seat of a count 
palatine, or chief officer in the court of an emperour 
or sovereign prince. 
PA'LATINE, pal'-la-tln. 150. n. s. [palaHnus, Lat.] 
One invested with regal rights and prerogatives. 
Davies. 

664 



PAL 



PAL 



— no, move, nor. not ;— tube, liM>, boll;— oil ;— pound ;— tfun, TH 



Ponessui^ royal privi- 

». Pleasing to the taste. 



PA I.ATINE, pal'-la-tln. < 

leges. Davies. 
TV LATIV'E*, pal'-la-tlv. 

Brown. 

PALA'VER*, pa-laV-ftr. n.s. [supposed to be from 
the Spanish palabra, a word.] Superfluous talk; 
deceitful conversation. Whiter. 

PALE$, pale. 77, 202. a. [Fr.; po&fia, bat] Not 
ruddy ; not fresh of colour ; wan ; w hite of look. 
Shale. Not high coloured ; approaching lo colour- 
less transparency. Arbuthnot. Not bright; not 
shining; faint of lustre; dim. Shakspeare. 

PALE*, pale. n. s. Paleness. Milton. 

7 PALE, pale. v. a. To make pale. Chautier. 

PALES, pale, n. s. [pal, Sax. ; palus, Lat.] Narrow 
piece of wood joined above and below to a rail, to 
enclose grounds. Shak. Any enclosure. Hooker. 
A district or territory. Spenser. A perpendicular 
stripe : usually an heraldick term : the pale is the 
third and middle part of the scutcheon. Peacham. 

To PALE, pale. v. a. To enclose with pales. Morti- 
mer. To enclose ; to encompass. Shaksjware. 

PALED*, paid. a. [from pale, in heraldry.] Striped. 
Spemtr. 

PALEEYED, pale'-lde. a. Having eyes dimmed. 
Milton. 

PALEFA'CED, pale'-faste. 359. a. Having the face 
wan. Shakspeare. 

PALEHE'ARTED*, pale-hart'-ed. a. Having the 
heart dispirited. Shakspeare. 

PA'LELY, pale'-le. ad. Wanly; not freshly; not 
ruddily. 

PA'LENDAR, pal'-len-dar. n. s. A kind of coasting 
vessel. Knolles. Ob. J. 

PALENESS, pale'-nes. n.s. Wanness; want of 
colour ; want of freshness ; sickly whiteness of 
look. Sidney. Want of colour ; "want of lustre. 
Shakspeare. 

PALEOGRAPHY*, pa-le-og'-ra-fe. n. s. [7raXa<o f , 
and ypd^o).] The art of explaining ancient writings. 

PA'LEOUS, paMe-us.a. [palea, Lat.] Husky ; chaf- 
fv. Brown. 

PALE STRICAL*, pa-les'-tre-kal. )a. praXaiorpa.] 

PALE'STRICK*, pa-les'-tr?k. S Belonging to 
the exercise of wrestling. Bryant. 

PA'LET*, pal'-lit. n. s. [jvlote, Fr.] The crown of 
the head. Skellon. Ob. T. 

PA LETTE, pal'-lit. 99. n. s. [Fr.] A light board 
on which a painter holds his colours when he paints. 
Dnjden. 

PA'LFREY §, pal'-fre, or pal'-fre. n. s. [palefroi, old 
Fr.] A small horse fit for ladies. Spenser. 

O^p In the first edition of this [Walker'sl dictionary, I 
followed Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and 
Buchanan, in the sound of a in the first syllable of this 
word: but, upon maturer consideration, think Dr. Ken- 
rick, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Barclay, more analogical, and 
must therefore give the third sound of a the preference. 
—See Principles, No. 84. W. . 

PA'LFREYED, pal'-freed. a. Riding on a palfrey. 
Tickell. 

PALIFICA'TION, pal-e-fe-ka'-sh&n. n. s. [palus, 
Lat.] The act or practice of making ground firm 
with piles. Wotton. 

PA'LINDROME, pal / -tn-dr6me. n. s. [ira\iv^o(tia.'\ 
A word or sentence which is the same read 'back- 
ward or forward ; as, madam ; or this sentence, 
Subi dura a rudibus. B. Jonson. 

PA'LING*, pa'-l'mg. n. s. A kind of fence-work for 
parks, gardens, and grounds. Crahhe. 

PALINGENESIAt, pal-fn-je-ne'-zhe-a. 92. n. s. A 
regeneration. 

PA'LINODE, pal'-lln-ode. )n. s. [iraXivuSia.] A 

PA'LINODY, pal'-lln-o-de. $ recantation. B. Jon- 
son. 

PALISADE $, pal-le-sade'. >n. s. [palisade, Fr.; 

PALISA'DO$,pal-le-sa'-d6. \ palisado, Span.] Pale 
set by way of enclosure or defence. Dryden. 

To PALISA'DE, pal-le-sade'. v. a. To enclose with 
palisades. 

PALISH, paleMsh. a. Somewhat pale. Bp. Hall. 

PALL §, pall. n.s. [paell, Sax.] A cloak or mantle 
?A 



of state. S)xn. 

liffe. The coverin 



The mantle of an archbishop 
thrown over the dead 



Nauseating. Ld. Shaftesbury 



Aylifft 

Dry den. 

To PALL) pall. v. a. To cloak ; to invest. Shak. 

To PA LL sS pnll. v. n. [palleo, Lat.] To grow vapid , 
lo become insipid. Bacon. To be weakened; 16 
become spiritless-, to grow flat. Shakspeare. 

To PALL, pill. r. a. To make insipid or Vapid 
Alter bury. To make spiritless; to dispirit. Dry 
dm. To weaken ; to impair. Shcdc. To cloy 
Taller. 

PALL*, pall. 

Oh. T. 

PALLADIUM*, pal-lV-do-e.m. n. s. [Lat.] A statue 
of Pallas pretended lo be the guardian of Troy, 
thence, any security or protection. Milknx. 

PA'LLET, pal'-lit. 99. n. s. [paille, Fr.] A small bed ; 
a mean bed. SJialc. [ palette, Fr.] A small meas- 
ure, formerly used by chirurgeons. Hakemiil. [In 
heraldry.] [palus minor, Lat.] A little post. 

PARLIAMENT, pal'-le-a-inent. n, s. [pallium, 
Lat J A dress ; a robe. Shakspeare. 

PA'LLIARD §*, pal'-yurd. n. s. [pailliard, Fr.] A 
whoremaster ; a lecher. Dryden. 

PA'LLIARDISE, pal'-yur-dlse. n. s. Fornication. 
Sir G. Buck. Ob. J. 

To PA'LLIAT E§, pal'-le-atc. 91. v. a. [pallio, Lat.; 
pallicr, Fi\] To clothe ; to cover. Sir T. Herbert. 
To cover with excuse. Swift. To extenuate; to 
soften by favourable representations. Dryden. To 
cure imperfectly or temporarily, not radically ; to 
ease, not cure. 

PA'LLIATE*, paT-le-ate. a. Eased ; not perfectly 
cured. Fell. 

PALLIATION, pal-le-a'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] Extenua- 
tion ; alleviation ; favourable representation. K. 
Charles. Imperfect or temporary, not radical cure ; 
mitigation, not cure. Bacon. 

PA'LLIATIVE, palMe-a-uv. 157. a. [palliatif Fr.] 
Extenuating ; favourably representative. Warton. 
Mitigating, not removing ; temporarily, not radi- 
cally curative. Arbuthnot. 

PA'LLIATIVE, pal'-le-a-uV. 113. n.s. Something 
mitigating. Swift* 

PA'LLlD % pal'-lld. a. [pallidas, Lat.] Pale ; not 
high-coloured ; not bright. Spenser. 

PALLFDITY* pa-lld'-l-le. n. s. Paleness. Philos. 
Lett, on Physiognomy. 

PA'LLIDLY*, pal'-lid-lc. ad. Palely ; wanly. Bp. 
Taulor. 

PALLIDNESS*, palMid-nes. n.s. Paleness. Felt- 
ham. 

PA'LLMALL, pel-mel'. [See Mall.] n.s. [pila and 
malleus, Lat. ; pale maille, Fr.] A play in which the 
ball is struck with a maliet through an iron ring ; 
the mallet itself, which strikes the ball. 

PALLOR*, pal'-l&r. n. s. [Lat.] Paleness. Bp. Tay 
lor. 

PALM$, pam. 403. n. s. [palm, Sax.; palma, Lat.] 
A tree of great variety of species; of which the 
branches were worn in token of victory; it there 
fore implies superiority. Miller. Victory; triumph. 
[ valine, Fr.] Dryden. The inner part of the hand. 
Bacon. A hand or measure of length, comprising 
three inches. Holder. 

PALM-SUNDAY*, plm'-sfin'-de. n. s. [palm-Sun 
nan-ba?#, Sax.] The Sunday next before Easter, 
so called in commemoration of our Saviour's tri- 
umphal entry into Jerusalem, when the multitude 
strewed palm branches in his way. Wlieatly. 

To PALM, pam. v. a. To conceal in the palm of the 
hand, as jugglers. Dryden. To impose by fraud. 
Dryden. To handle. Prior. To stroke with the 
hand. Ainsivorth. 

PA'LMARY*, pal'-ma-re. a. [palmaris, Lat.] Prin- 
cipal ; capital. Bp. Home. 

PA'LMATED* paK-ma-ted. a. [palmatus, Lat.J 
Having the feet broad : also applied by naturalists 
to certain roots and stones having the appearance 
of hands or fingers. Tr. of Buffon. 

PA ; LMER, pam'-fir. 403. n. s. A pilgrim : they who 

returned from the Holy Land carried branches of 

665 



PAN 



PAN 



(EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— -me, met ;— pine, pin 



palm. Shak. [from palm, the hand.] A ferule ; a 
stick to rap on the hand. Huloet. 

PA'LMERWORM, pam'-ur-warm. n. s. A worm 
covered with hair, supposed to be so called be- 
cause he wanders over all plants. Boyle. 

PALMETTO, pal-met'-to. n. s. A species of the 
palm-tree. Thomson. 

PALMFFEROUS, pal-mfF-fer-us. a. [palma and 
fero, LaU -Bearing- palms. Diet. 

PA/LM1PEDE, pal'-me-pede. a. [palma and pes, 
Lat.] Web-footed; having- the toes joined by a 
membrane. Broicn. 

PA'LMISTER, pal'-mis-tfir. n. s. One who deals in 
palmistry. Bp. Hall. 

PA'LMISTRY, pal'-mls-tre. n. s. [palma, Lat.] The 
cheat of foretelling fortune by the lines of the palm. 
Brown, Addison uses it humorously for the ac- 
tion of the hand. Spectator. 

PA'LMY, pa'-me. 403. a. Bearing palms. Milton. 
Flourishing; victorious. Shakspeare. 

PALPABPLITY, pal-pa-bfF-le-te. n. s. Quality of 
being perceivable to the touch. Arbuthnot. 

PA'LPABLES, pal'-pa-bl. a. [palpable, Fr.] Per- 
ceptible by the touch. Shak. Gross ; coarse ; 
easily detected. Hooker. Plain ; easily percepti- 
ble. Hooker. 

PA'LPABLENESS, pal'-pa-bl-nes. n. s. Quality of 
being palpable & plainness ; grossness. 

PA'LPABLY, par-pa-ble. ad. In such a manner as 
to be perceived by the touch. Grossly ; plainly. 
Bacon. 

PALPATION, pal-pa'-shun. n. s. [palpatio, Lat.] 
The act of feeling. 

To PA'LPITATE §, pal'-pe-tatc v. n. \palpito, 
Lat.] To beat as the heart ; to flutter ; to go pit-a- 
pat. 

PALPITATION, pal-pe-ta'-shfin. n. s. Beating or 
panting ; that alteration in the pulse of the heart, 
upon frights or any other causes, which makes it 
felt. Harveij. 

PA'LSGRA VE, palz'-grave. n. s. [paltsgraff, Germ.] 
A count or earl who has the overseeing of a 
prince's palace. Diet. 

PA'LSICAL, pal'-ze-kal. 84. a. Afflicted with the 
palsy; paralytick. 

PA'LSIEDjpaF-zld. 283. a. Diseased with a palsy. 
Shakspeare. 

PA'L,SY§, paF-ze. 84. n. ?. [paralysis, Lat.] A pri- 
vation of motion or feeling, or both, proceeding 
from some cause below the cerebellumjoined with 
a coldness, flaccidity, and at last wasting of the 
parts. Qnincy. 

To PA'LTER$, pal'-tfir. 84. «. it. [from paltry.] To 
shift; to dodge; to play tricks. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

To PATTER, paF-tur. v. a. To squander: as, he 
palters his fortune. Bcanmont and Fletclier. 

PA'LTERER, paF-tur-ur. 98. n. s. An insincere 
dealer ; a shifter. Slierwood. 

PALTRINESS, paK-tre-nes. n. s. The state of be- 
ing paltry. 

PA'LTRY§, paF-tre. 84. a. [paltor, Su. Goth. ; or 
palt, Teut.] Sorry ; worthless ; despicable ; con- 
temptible ; mean. Sliakspeare. 

PA'LY, pa'-le. a. Pale : used only in poetry. Sliak- 
speare. 

PAM, pam. n. s. [probably from palm, victory.] The 

knave of clubs. Pope. 
To PA'MPER, pam'-pur. 98. v. a. [pampre, Fr.] 
To glut ; to fill with food ; to saginate ; to feed 
luxuriously*. Chaucer. 

PA'MPERED*, pam'-purd. a. Overfull. Milton. 

PA'MPERING*, panV-pur-'ing. n. s. Luxuriancy. 

Fulke. 
PA'MPHLET^, pam'-flet. 99. n.s. [par un filet, Fr.] 
A small book ; properly a book sold unbound, and 
only stitched. White. 
To PA'MPHLET, pam'-flet. v. n. To write small 

books. Howell. 
PAMPHLETEE'R, pam-flgt-teer'. n. s. A scribbler 

of small books. Bp. Hall. 
PAN §, pan. n. s. [ponne, Sax.] A vessel broad and 
shallow. Spenser. The part of the lock of the gun 



that holds the powder. Boyle. Any thing hollow j 
as, the brain-pari. Chaucer. 

To PAN, pan. v. a. An old word denoting to close 
or join together. Ainsworth. 

PANACE'A, pan-a-se'-a. n. s. [iravdKeia.'] A uni- 
versal medicine. Warton, An herb ; called also 
all-heal. Spenser. 

PANAT)A, pa-na'-da. )n. s. [panis, Lat.] Food 

PANA'DO, pa-na'-d6. ) made by boiling bread in 
water. Wiseman. 

PANCAKE, pan'-kake. n. s. Thin pudding bakea 
in the frying pan. Shakspeare. 

PANCRAT1CAL, pan-krat'-e-kal. ) a. [ttSv and 

PANCRATICK, pan-kral'-Sk. \ Kpards.] Ex- 
celling in all the gymnastick exercises. Brown. 

PA'NCREAS§, pang'-kre-as. n.s. [ttov and Kpiag.] 
A gland of the conglomerate sort, between the bot- 
tom of the stomach and the vertebrae of the loins. 
Qnincy. 

PANCREATICK, pang-kre-al'-tlk. a. Contained 
in the pancreas. Ray. 

PA'NCY, ) i, » (n.s. [pensee, Fr.] A flower; 

PA'NSY, $ P dn " se - i a kind of violet. Locke. 

PA'NDARISM*, patf-da-rlzm. n. s. See Pander. 
The employment of a pimp or pander. Bp. Hall. 

To PA'NDARIZE*, pan'-da-rlze. v, n. To act the 

J 5art of a pimp or pander. Cotgrave. 
l'NDAROUS*, pan'-da-rus. a. Pimping; acting 
in the character of a bawd or pander. Middleton. 

PANDECT, pan'-delt. n. s. [pandecia, Lat.] A 
treatise that comprehends the whole of any science. 
Donne. The digest of the civil law. Sir T. Elyot. 

PANDEMICK, pan-dem'-mlk. 509. a. [rtas and 
6fjf.ws.'] Incident to a whole people. Harvey. 

PA'NDER§, pan'-dur. 98. n. s. [Pandarus, the pimp 
in the story of Troilus and Cressida.~] A pimp ; a 
male bawd ; a procurer. Shakspeare. 

To PA'NDER, pan'-dur. v. a. To pimp ; to be sub- 
servient to lust or passion. Shakspeare. 

To PA'NDER*, pan'-dur. v. n. To play the part of 
an agent for the ill designs of another. Milton. 

PA'NDERLY, pan'-dur-le. a. Pimping; pimplike. 
Shakspeare. 

PANDICULATION,pan-dlk-ku-la'-sh5n. n.s. [pan- 
diculans, Lat.] The restlessness, stretching, and 
uneasiness, that usually accompany the cold fits of 
an intermitting fever. Floyer. 

PANDQ'RE*, pan-d6re / . n.s. [navSovpa.] A musical 
instrument of the lute kind ; of which bandore seems 
to be a corruption. Draijion. 

PANE§, pane. n.s. [paneau, Fr.] A square of glass. 
Pope. Apiece mixed in variegated works with 
other pieces; '•' a pane of cloth." Donne. 

PA'NED*, panel, or pa'-n^d. a. Variegated ; com- 
posed of small squares, as a counterpane usually is. 
Cavendish. 

PANEGY'RICAL*, pan-ne-jeV-e-kal. ? a. Encomi- 

PANEGY'RICK*, pan-ne-jer'-rlk. $ astick; 
'containing praise. Danne. 

PANEG YRICK $, pan-ne-jer'-rik. 184. n. s. [iravf l7 v- 
pig.] An eulogy; an encomiastick piece. Sli'ling- 
fleet. 

PANEGYRISE, pan-ne-jl'-rk n.s. [irarfyvpis.] 
A festival; a publick meeting. Milton. 

PANEGYRIST, pan-ne-jgr'-rfst. n. s. One that 
writes praise ; encomiast. Camden. 

To PA'NEGYRIZE* r pan'-ne-je-rlze. v. a. [iravrjyv- 
oi^u).] To commend highly ; to bestow great praise 
upon. Evelyn. 

PA'NEL$, pan'-nll. 99. n.s. [paneau, Fr.] A square, 
or piece of any matter inserted between other 
bodies. Bacon, [panel, panellum, Lat.] A sche- 
dule or roll, containing the names of such jurors, 
as the sheriff provides to pass upon a trial. Cotvel. 

To PA'NEL*, pan'-nfl. v. a. To form into panels 
as, a panelled wainscot. Pennant. 

PA'NELESS*, pane'-les.a. Wanting panes of glass 
Shenstone. 

PANG §, pang. n.s. [either from pain, or bang, Dutch, 
uneasy.] Extreme pain ; sudden paroxysm of tor 
ment. Milton. , 

To PANG, pang. v. a. To torment cruelly. Shak. 
666 



PAN 



PAP 



— n6, move, n6r, not ;— tube, tab. bull ;— All ;— pound ;— f/iin, THis. 



PA NlOAL^pan'-ne^al. > a .[ir<iia«a$.] Vioteutwith- 
PA NICK, pun'-nik. ) out cause, applied to (bar. 

Camden. 
PA'NICK. pan -nlk. n. s. A sudden fright without 

cause. Ijord Shaftesbury. 

PA NNADE, pan'-nade. n.s. The curvet of a horse. 

PA NNAGE*, pan'-nadje. n. s. [pannagiutn, low 

Lat. ; panage, Fr.] Food that swine teed on in the 

woods, as mast of beech, acorns. &,c, which some 

have called pawnes. It is also the money taken by 

the agistors for the food of hogs with the mast of 

the king's forest. Cowcl. 

PA'NNEL, pan'-nll. 99. n.s. [panned, Dutch.] A 

kind of rustick saddle. Tusser. 
PA NNEL, pan'-nil. n. s. The stomach of a hawk. 

Ains worth. 
PANELLATION*, pan-nil-la'-shfin. n. s. [from 

panel.] Act of empannelling a jury. A. Wood. 
PANN1CLE, pan'-ne-kl. 405. ) n.s'.[pannicum. Lai.] 
PA'NNICK, pan'-nk. 509. \ ApW Milter. 
PANNIER, pan'-yar. 113. n. s. (patskr, Ft.] A 
basket ; a wicker vessel, in which fruit., or other 
things, are carried on a horse. Dryden. 
PA NN'IKEL*, pan'-ne-kel. n.s. Qxxnnicula, Ital.j 
pannicle. Fr.] The brain-pan ; the skull. Spenser. 
Ob. T. 
PA'NOPLY, pan'-n6-pie. n. s. [iravoir\ia.] Com- 
plete armour. Milton. 
PANORA'MA*. pan-6-ra'-ma. n. s. [nuv and opafia.] 
A large, circular painting, having no apparent be- 
ginning or end, from the centre of which the be- 
holder views distinctly the several objects of the 
representation. 
PANSOTHICAL* pan-sof-e-kal. a. Aiming or 

pretending to know every thing. Worthington. 
PANSOPHYj*, pan'-so-fe. n.s. [nav and aocpia.] 

Universal wisdom. Hartlib. 
PA'NSY. pan'-ze. n. s. A flower. See Pancy. 
To PANT$, pant. v. n. [parueler, old Fr.] To palpi- 
late; to beat as the heart in sudden terrour, or 
after hard labour. Spenser. To have the breast 
heaving, as for want of breath. Dry den. To play 
with intermission. Pope. To long ; to wish earnest- 
ly. Amos, iii. 
PANT, pant. n.s. Palpitation; motion of the heart. 

Shakspeare. 
PANTABLE*. pant'-a-bl. n. s. A corruption of 

panfoEe : a shoe ; a slipper. Sir E. Sandi/s. 
PANTALO'ON, pan-la-loou'. n. s. [partition, Fr.] 
A part of a man's garment in which the breeches 
and stockings are all of a piece. Hiulibras. A 
character in the Italian comedy ; a buffoon in the 
pantomimes of modern times; so called from the 
close dress which he usuallv wears. Addison. 
PA'NTER*, pant'-ur. n. s. "One who pants. Con- 

screve. 
P \ NTER*, pant'-fir. n. s. [painter, Irish.] A net. 

Chaucer. Ob. T. 
PA'NTESS, pant'-es. n. s. The difficulty of breath- 
ing in a hawk. Ainsicorth. 
PANTHEIST*, paiH/ie'-lst. n. s. [ttSv and Oeos.] 
One who confounds God with the universe ; a name 
given to the followers of Spinosa. 
PANTHEI'STICK* pan-thh-h'-Cik. a. Confound- 
ing God with the universe. Walerland. 
PANTHE'ON, pan-tfie'-un. 1G6. n. s. [vdvBeiov.] A 

temple of all the gods. Addison. 
PA'NTHER, pan'-toor. n. s. \irav9ep, Gr.; panlhera, 

Lat.] A spotted wild beast ; a pard. Shakspeare. 
PANTILE, pan'-dle. n. s. A gutter tile. Bryant. 
PA'NTPNG*, pan'-tlng. n. s. Palpitation. Tatler. 
PA NT1NGLY, pan'-dng-le. 410. ad. With palpita- 
tion. Sfiakspeare. 
PA NTLER, pant'-lur. 98. n. s. [panetier, Fr.] The 
officer in a great family, who keeps the bread. 
Shakspeare. 
PANTOFLE, pan-too'-fl. n. s. [pantujle, Fr.] A 

slipper. Harmar. 
PANTOMIME §, pan'-t$-mlme. 146. n. s. [to? and 
fiiuos-] One who nas trie power of universal mim- 
ickry ; one who expresses his meaning by mute 
action; a buffoon. Hudibras. A scene; a tale 



exhibited only in gesture and dumb show. Arbuth- 
not. 
PA NTOMLME*, pan'-to-mlme. a. Representing 
only in gesture and dumb show. A. Smith. 

PANTOM1 MICAL*, pah-t6-mJn>'4-kal. i a. Rep- 

PANTOMI'MICK*, pan-lo-mlm'-ik. \ resent 

ing only by gesture or dumb show. 
PANTOGRAPH*, pan'-t6-graf. n. s. [*&» and 
ypd<pw.] A mathematical instrument, contrived to 
copy all sorts ot drawings and designs. 
PANTO METER*, pan-torn' -e-tur. n. s. [vuv and 
fiiroov.] An instrument for measuring all sorts of 
angles, elevations, and distances. 
PA'NTON, pan' -ton. n. s. A shoe contrived to re- 
cover a narrow and hoof-bound heel. Farrier's 
Diet. 

PA'NTRY. pan'-tre. n. s. [paneterie, Fr.] A place 
formerly used solely for the keeping of bread. The 
room in which provisions are reposited. Wotton. 

PAP §, pap. n. s. [papa, Ital. ; pappe, Dutch ; papilla, 
Lat.] The nipple ; the dug sucked. Spenser. Food 
made for infants, with bread boiled in water. Sid- 
ney. The pulp of fruit. AinswoHh. 

To PAP*, pap. v. a. To feed with pap. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

PAPA', pa-pa'. 77. n.s. [ira-twas, Gr. ; papa, Lat.] A 
fond name for father, used in many languages. 
Swift. A spiritual father. See Pape. 

PA'PACY, pa'-pa-se. n. s. [papaute, Fr.] Popedom ; 
office and dignity of bishops of Rome. Bacon. 

PA'PAL, pi'-pal. "a. [papal, Fr.] Popish ; belonging 
to the pope ; annexed to the bishoprick of Rome. 
Raleigh. 

PA'PALIN*, pap'-a-lm. n. s. A papist ; one devoted 
to the pope. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. T. 

PAPA' VEROUS, pa-pav'-ver-riis. a. [pupaver, Lat.] 
Resembling poppies. Brown. 

PAPA'W, pa-paw', n. s. [papaya, low Lat.] A plant. 
Waller. 

PAPE*, pape. n. s. [Fr. ; mftnra* Gr.] The pope. 
Coles. Any spiritual father; sometimes written 
papa. Ricaut. 

PA'PER §, pa'-pfir. G4, 76. n. s. [papier, Fr. ; papy- 
rus, Lat.] Substance on which men write and 
print ; made by macerating linen rags in water, 
and then grinding them to pulp, and spreading them 
in thin sheets. Shak. Piece of paper. Locke. 
Single sheet printed, or written. Shak. It is used 
for deeds of security ; or bills of reckoning. Fell. 

PATER, pa'-pur. 98. a. Any thing slight or thin. 
Burnet. 

To PA'PER, pa'-pur. v. a. To register. Shak. To 
pack in paper. To furnish a room with paper 
hangings. 

PAPERCRE'DIT* pa'-p&r-kred'-'ft. h. s. Property 
circulated by means of any written paper obliga 
lion. Pope. 

PA'PERFACED*. pa'-pur-faste. a. Having a face 
as white as paper. Shakspeare. 

PAPERKI'TE*, pa'-pur-klte. n. s. A paper machine 
to resemble a kite in the air. Dr. WaHon. 

PA'PERMAKER, pa'-pfir-ma-kur. n. s. One who 
makes paper. 

PA'PERMILL, pa'-pur-mll. n. s. A mill in which 
rags are ground for paper. Shakspeare. 

PA'PERMONEY* pa'-pfir-mun-ne. n. s. Bills of 
exchange, bank, and promissory notes. Bp. Berke 
let/. 

PAPE'SCENT, pa-pes'-sent. 510. a. Containing pap; 
inclinable to pap. Arhuthnot. 

PA'PESS*. pa'-pes. n. s. A female pope. Bp. Hall. 

PAPI'LIO, pa-pfi'-yo. 113. n.s. [Lat. ; papillcn, 
Fr.] A butterfly; a moth of various colours. Ray. 

PAPILIONA'CEOUS, pa-pil-y6-na/-shos. 357. a. 
[papilio, Lat.] The flowers of some plants are 
called papilionaceous by botanists, which represent 
something of the figure of a butterfly, with its wings 
displayed. Quincy. 

PA'PILLARY, pap'-pll-a-re.a. [papilla, Lat.] Hav- 
ing emulgent vessels, or resemblances of paps. 
Derliam. 

55= There is a set of words, of similar derivation and ter- 
u(i7 



PAR 



PAR 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, phi;— 



mination, which must be necessarily accented in the 
same way : these are axillary, maxillary, capillary, pa- 
pillary, pupillary, armillary, manimillary, and medul- 
lary. All these, except the last, which was not insert- 
ed, I had accented on the first syllable in a Rhyming 
and Pronouncing Dictionary published thirty years 
ago [about 1770]. 
• lis accentuation I still think the most agreeable to 
analogy; and, that the inspector may judge of the 
usage, I have subjoined the several different modes of 
accentuation of the different orthoepists: 
Ax'illary, Johnson, Kenrick. 
Axillary, Sheridan, Ash, Bailey. 
Max'illary, Johnson, Sheridan, Barclay. 
Maxillary, Ash, Kenrick, W. Johnston, Bailey, En- 
tick. 
Cap'illary, Johnson, Kenrick, Nares, Fenning. 
Capillary, Sheridan, Ash, W. Johnston, Perry, Bu- 
chanan, Bailey, Entick. 
PapHllary, Johnson, Nares, Barclay, Fenning. 
Papillary, Sheridan, Kenrick, Ash, Scott, Perry, 

Buchanan, Bailey. 
Pu'pillary, Johnson. Sheridan, Kenrick, Ash, Scott, 

Perry, Entick, Barclay, Fenning. 
Pupillary, No examples. 
Mam'millary, Nares, Bailey. 
MammiVlaryi Johnson, Kenrick, Ash, Sheridan, Scott, 

Perry, Entick. 
Ar'millary, Sheridan, Scott, Nares, Smith, Fenning. 
Armillary, Ash, Perry, Entick, Bailey, Barclay. 
Med'allary, No examples. 

Medullary, Johnson, Sheridan, Ash, Kenrick, W. 

Johnston, Buchanan, Bailey, Barclay, 

Fenning, Entick. 

Phis extract sufficiently shows how uncertain usage is, 

and the necessity of recurring to principles : and that 

these are on the side I have adopted, may be gathered 

from No. 512. — See Mammillary and Maxillary. 

W. 

PA'PILLQUS, pa-pllM&s. The same with papillary. 

$3= There is some diversity in the accentuation of this 

word, as well as the former: Dr. Johnson and Barclay 

place the accent on the first syllable ; and Mr. Sheridan, 

Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Perry, on the second, as 

I have done. W. 

PA'PISM*, pa'-pizm. n.s. \fcpm pape.] Popery. Bp. 

Bedell. 
PATIST §, pa'-plst. n. s. [papiste, Fr. ; papista, Lat.] 
One that adheres to the communion of the pope and 
church of Rome. Clarendon. 
PAPFSTICAL, pa-pV-te-kal. ) a. Popish ; adherent 
PAPFSTIOK, pa-pls'-tlk. $ to popery. Whit- 
gift- 
PA/PISTRY, pa'-pls'tre. n. s. Popery; the doctrine 

of the Romish church. Ascham. 
PATIZED*, pa'-plzd. a. Popish ; adhering to po- 
pery. Fuller. 
PATPOUS, pap'-pas. 314. a. {vdirvos.] Having so ft, 
light down, growing out of the seeds of some plants ; 
such as thistles. Quincy. 
PATPY, pap'-pe. a. [from pap.] Soft ; succulent ; 

easily divided. Burnet. 
PA'PULj®*, pap'-u-le. n.s. [Lat.] Eruptions of 

several kinds upon the skin. 
PATULOUS*, pap'-u-lils. a. Full of pustules or 

pimples. 
PAR, par. 77. n. s. [Lat.] State of equality ; equiva- 
lence ; equal value. Locke. 
PA'RABLE, par'-ra-bl. 81, 405. a. fyarabilis, Lat.] 

Easily procured. Brown. Ob. J. 
PA'RABLE §, par'-ra-bl. n.s. [vapafoM.] A simili- 
tude ; a relation under which something else is fig- 
ured. Numb, xxiii. 
To PA'RABLE*, par'-ra-bl. v. a. To represent by a 

parable. Milton. 
PARA'BOLA, pa-raV-bo-la. n.s, [Lat.] A conick 
section arising from a cone's being cut by a plane 
parallel to one of its sides, or parallel to a plane 
that touches one side of the cone. Harris. 
PARABO'LICAL, par-ra-bol'-le-kal. )a. [varabo- 
PARABO'LICK, par-ra-b&l'-lk. 509. $ liqhe,Ft.; 
from parable.] Expressed by parable or similitude. 
Brown. Having the nature or form of a parabola. 
Ray. 
PARABO'LICALLY, par-ra-bol'-le-kal-e. ad. By 
way of parable or similitude. Brown. In the form 
of a parabola. 



PARA'BOLISM,pa-rab'-b6-l,zm. n.s. [In algebra.] 
The division of the terms of an equation, by a 
known quantity that is involved or multiplied in 
the first term. Diet. 

PARABOLOID, pa-rab'-bo-ld?d. n.s, [napafah) 
and hSos.] A paraboliform curve in geometry, 
whose ordinates are supposed to be in subtriplicate, 
subquadruplicate, &c. ratio of their respective ab- 
scissae. Harris. 

PARACE'LSIAN*, par-a-sel'-shan. n.s. A physi- 
cian who follows the practice of Paracelsus. *Fer 
rand. 

PARACE'LSIAN*, par-a-sel'-shan. a. Denoting the 
medical practice of Paracelsus. Hakewill. 

PARACENTESIS, par-a-sen-te'-sis. n.s. {japaKh- 
Tvcis .] That operation whereby any of the venters 
are perforated to let out any matter ; as tapping in 
a tympany. Quincy. 

PARACENTRICAL, par-a-seV-tre-kal. ) a. frapa 

PARACE'NTRICK, par-a-sen'-trlk. \ and Ktv- 
rpov.] Deviating from circularity. CJieyne. 

PA'RACLETE*, par'-a-klete. n. s. [napd^vro; .] 
The title of the Holy Ghost y the Intercessour, by 
way of distinction. Pearson. Any advocate or in- 
tercessour. Bale. 

PARA'DE§, par-rade'. n. s. [Fr.] Show; ostenta- 
tion. Granville. Procession ; assembly of pomp. 
Swift. Military order. Milton. Place where 
troops draw up to do duty and mount guard 
Warhurton. Guard; posture of defence. Locke 
A publick walk. 

To PARA'DE*, par-rade'. v.n. To go about in mil- 
itary procession. Scott. To assemble together for 
the purpose of being inspected or exercised. 

7\> PARA'DE* par-rade'. v.a. To exhibit in a 
showy or ostentatious manner. 

PA'RADIGM§,par'-a-dIm. 339. n.s. [irapdfoty,ia.] 

; Example ; model. More. 

PARADIGMA'TICAL*, par-a-dig-mat'-e-kal. a. 
Exemplary. More. 

To PARADI'GMATIZE*, par-a-dig'-ma-tlze. v. a. 
To set forth as a model or example. Hammond. 

PA'RADISE§, par'-ra-dlse. n.s. [■xapdfoiGos, Gr. ; 
papabiye, Sax.] The blissful regions, in which the 
first pair was placed. Milton. Any place of felicity. 
Shakspeare. A place to walk in. 

PARADI'SEAN*, ) * * r1? , , i * ( a.Paradisia- 

PARADI'SIAN*, \ par-a-dizh'-e-an.J ca , j HdL 

Ob. T. 

PARADISFACAL, par-a-de-zi'-a-kal. 506. a. Suit- 
ing paradise; making paradise. Burnet. 

PA'RADOX §, par'-ra-doks. n. s. [-KapdZofa .] A 
tenet contrary to received opinion ; an assertion 
contrary to appearance. Hooker. 

PARADO'XICAL, par-a-dok'-se-kal. a. Having 
the nature of a paradox. Brown. Inclined to 
new tenets, or notions contrary to received opin- 
ions. 

PARADOXICALLY, par-a-d&k'-se-kal-e. ad. In a 
paradoxical manner ; in a manner contrary to re 
ceived opinions. Collier. 

PARADO'XICALNESS,par-a-d6k'-se-].<d-n<k n. s. 
State of being paradoxical. 

PARADQXO'LOGY, par-a-dok-s&lMo-je. n. s 
The use of paradoxes. Brown. 

PARAGQ'GE$, par-a-g6'-je. n.s. [irapaywyn.] A 
figure whereby a letter or syllable \i added at the 
end of a word, without adding any thing to the 
sense of it : as, vast, vastly. Diet. 

PARAGO'GICAL*, par-a-g&cl'-je-kal. ; a. Belong- 

PARAGO'GICK*, par-a-g6d'-j?k. S ing to the 

frammatical figure called paragoge. Milton. 
'RAGON §, par'-ni-gon. 166. n. s. [paragon, 
from parage, old Fr.] A model ; a pattern ; some- 
thing supremely excellent. Shak. Companion ; 
fellow. Spenser. Emulation. Spenser. A match 
for trial of excellence. Spenser. 
To PA' RAGON, par'-ra-g&n. v. a. [paragonner, Fr.] 
To compare ; to parallel! Sidney. To equal ; to 
be equal to. Sluxkspeare. r. 
To PA' RAG ON* par'-ra-gon. v. n. To pretend 
equality or comparison. Slielton. 
663 



PAR 



PAR 



— n6. move, ndr, nAt ; — tube, tub, bull; — 6?I j— pdund ;— th\n, this. 



PARAGRAM*, par'-ra-griim. n..s. [napdypauna.] 



A kind of play upon words. Addison. 
PARAGRAPH^, par'-ri-grAf. n.s. [paragraphs, 

Fr. '; napaypafi), Gr.] A distinct part dfa discourse. 
Swift. 
PARAGRA'PHICALLY, par-ra-graf-fe-kAl-le. ad. 

By paragraphs ; widi distinct breaks or divisions. 
PARALLA CTJCAL, par-aj-lak'-te-kal.509. ) 
PARALLA'CTICK, par-ral-lak'-tik. \ a - 

Pertaining to a parallax. 

PA R ALL AX S, par'-ral-laks. n. s. [jrapaXa^g.] The 
distance between the true and apparent place of 
the sun, or any star, viewed from the surface of the 
earth. IVewton. 

PA RALLELS ! par / -ral-lel.a. [™pa\h,\os.~] Extend- 
ed in the same direction, and preserving always 
the same distance. Brown. Having the same ten- 
dency. Addison. Continuing the resemblance 
through many particulars ; equal ; like. Glanville. 

PA RALLEL, par'-ral-lel. n. s. Line continuing its 
course, and still remaining at the same distance 
from another line. Pope. Line on the globe mark- 
ing the latitude. Direction conformable to that of 
another line. Garth. Resemblance; conformity 
continued through many particulars; likeness. 
Dennam. Comparison made. Addison. Any 
tbing resembling another. South. 

To PA RALLEL, par'-ral-lel. v. a. To place so as 
always to keep the same direction with auother 
line. Brown. To keep in the same direction ; to 
level. Fell. To correspond to. Burnet. To be 
equal to ; to resemble through many particulars. 
Di'ifden. To compare. Locke. 

PA RALLELABLE* par-ral-leF-a-bl. a. That may 
be equalled. Bp. Hall. 

PARALLELESS*, par'-ral-lel-les. a. Not to be par- 
alleled ; matchless. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

PARALLELISM, par^-ral-lel-izm. n. s. [parallel- 
isme, Fr.] State of being parallel. More. Resem- 
blance; comparison. Warton. 

PARALLELLY*, par'-ial-lel-le. ad. With parallel- 
ism. Scott, 

PARALLELOGRAMS, par-a-lel'-lo-gram. n. 5. 
[xapdWriXos and ypd^fia.] [In geometry.] A right- 
lined quadrilateral figure, whose opposite sides are 
parallel and equal. Brown. 

PARALLELOGRA'MICAL^ar-a-lel-o-gram'-me- 
kal. 509. a. Having the properties of a parallelo- 
gram. * 

PARALLELOPI'PED, par-a-lel-lo-pl'-ped. n. s. 
[parallelojnpede, Fr.] A solid figure contained un- 
der six parallelograms, the opposite of which are 
equal and parallel ; or it is a prism, whose base is 
a parallelogram : it is always triple to a pyramid 
of the same base and height Hams. 

ToPARA'LOGISEtjpa-ral'-o-jlze. v. n. To reason 
sophistical I v. 

PARALOGISM, par-ral'-lo-jlzm. n. s. [■xapa\6yio- 
uoy.] A false argument. Brown. 

PARALOGY, par-ral'-lo-je. 518. n. s. False rea- 
soning. Brown. 

To PARALYSE*, par'-a-llze. v. a. [paralyser, Fr.] 
To strike, as it were, with the palsy ; to render use- 
less. London Cries. A modern word. 

PARA' LYSIS, pa-ral'-e-sfs. 520. n. s. [«ap4\v<ris.] 
A palsy. 

PARALYTIC AL. par-a-hV-te-kal. )a. Palsied; 

PARALY'TICK, ' par-a-lit'-tlk. 509. $ inclined to 
palsy. Prior. 

PARALY'TICK*, par-l-Iit'-tik. n. s. One struck by 
a palsy. Bp. Hall. 

PARA'METER, pa-ram'-e-tur. n. s. The latus rec- 
tum of a parabola is a third proportional to the 
abscissa and any ordinate ; so that the square of 
the ordinate is always equal to the rectangle under 
the parameter and abscissa ; but, in the ellipsis and 
hvperbola, it has a different proportion. Harris. 

PARAMOUNT $, par-a-mdunt'. a. [ per and mount.] 
Superiour; having the highest jurisdiction: as, 
lord paramount, the chief of the seignory. Bacon. 
Eminent; of the highest order. Bacon. 

PARAMOUNT, par-a-mSunt'. n. s. The chief. Milt. 



PARAMOUR, par'-ra-modr. n. s. [par and amour, 
Fr.] A lover cr wooer. Spenser. A mistress, 
Slutkspeare. 

V \ KA NYMPH, pdr'-ra-nfmf.rc.s.^aDa'andvv/^.} 
A brideman ; one who leads the bride to her mar- 
riage. Milton. One who countenances or supports 
another. Bp. Taylor. 

PARAPEGM, par'-a-pem. 389. n.s. [napaTtf/ypa.'] 
A brazen table fixed to a pillar, on which laws and 
proclamations were anciently engraved : also a 
table containing an account of the rising and setting 
of the stars, eclipses of the sun and moon, the sea- 
sons of the year, &x. Phillips. 

PARAPEGMAt, par-a-peg'-ma. n. s. The same as 
parapegm. Plural, parapegmata. 

PARAPET, par'-ra-pet. n.s. [Fr. ; parapetto, Ital.} 
A wall breast high. B. Jonson. 

PARAPHIMOSIS, par-ra-fe-m<V-s?s. 520. n. s. 
[irapa<j>iuu>ais.] A disease when the pneputium can. 
not be drawn over the glans. 

PARAPHERNALIA, par-a-fer-n&'-le-a. n.s. 
[Lat. ; paraphcrnaux, Fr.l Goods in the wife's dis- 
posal ; goods which a wife takes with her, or pos- 
sesses, besides her fixed dowry. Bh>£kstone. 

PARAPHRASES, par'-ra-fraze. n. s. [r,apd<ppams] 
A loose interpretation; an explanation in many 
words. South. . 

To PARAPHRASE, par'-ra-fraze. v. a. To inter- 
pret with laxity of expression ; to translate loose- 
ly; to explain in many words. Hammond. 

To PARAPHRASE*, par'-ra-fraze. v.n. To make 
a paraphrase. Felton. 

PARAPHRAST, par'-ra-frast. n. s. jimpcuppao-riis.l 
A lax interpreter; one who explains in many words. 
Hooker. 

PARAPHRASTIC AL, par-a-frasMe-kal. 509. ) ■ 

PARAPHRA'STICK, par-a-fras'-dk. \ 

Lax in interpretation 3 not literal j. not verbal. Ma- 

PARAPHRA'STICALLY* par-a-fras'-te-kal-le, 
ad. In a paraphrastical manner. Howell. 

PARAPHRENIAS, par-a-fre-nl'-tis. n.s. [rapt 
and (ppevins.'] An inflammation of the diaphragm. 
Arbuthnot. 

PARAQUI'TO, par-a-ke'-to. n. s. A little parrot. 
Shakspeare. 

PARASANG, par'-a-sang. n. s. [parasanga, low 
Lat.] A Persian measure of length. Locke. 

PARASCE' VE*, par-a-seve'. n. s. [xapa^evn-'j 
Preparation. Donne. The Sabbath-eve of the 

. Jews. St. Mark, xv. 42. (Rhendsh Trmnhftion.) 

PARASCEUA'STICK* par-a-su-as'-tik. a. Pre- 
paratory. Corah's Doom. Ob. T. 

PARASITES, par'-a-slte. 155. n.s. [parasite, Fr. j 
parasitus, Lat.] One that frequents rich tables, and 
earns his welcome by flatterv. Bacon. 

PARASFTICAL, par-a-sit'-t&kal. ) a. Flattering ; 

PARASFTICK, par-a-sft'-tfk. 509. S wheedling. 
Bp. Hall. Applied to plants which live on others. 
MiUer. 

PARASFTICALLY*, par-a-sft'-te-kal-Ie. ad. In a 
flattering manner. Sir T. Herbert. 

PARASITISM*, par'-a-slt-lzm.n.s. Tlie behaviour 
of a parasite. Milton. 

PARASOL, par'-ra-sol. n. s. [Fr.] A small canopy 
or umbrella carried over the head, to shelter from 
rain and the heat of the sun. Sir T. Herbert. 

PARASYNE'XIS, par-a-se-neks'-fs. n. s. In the 
civil law, a conventicle or unlawful meeting. 
Diet. 

PARATHESISt, pa-raZ/i'-e-s?s. 520. n.s. A figure 
in grammar where two or more substantives are 
put in the same case : as, " He went to the country 
where he was born [France] and died there." [In 
rhelorick.] A short hint, with_a promise of future 



I PA 



enlargement. [In printing.] The matter contained 
between two crotchets, marked thus, []. 
IRA VAIL*, par-a-vale'. a, [peraudavayler, Fr.] 
Denoting the lowest tenant ; or one who holdeth 
his fee over of another, and is called tenant paravail 
because it is presumed he hath profit and avail by 
the land. Coivel. 

669 



PAR 



PAR 



0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, p?n;— 



PA'RAVAUNT*, par'-a-vant. ad. [par avaunt, Fr.] 

Publickly ; in front. Spenser. Ob. T. 
To PA'RBOIL,par'-bSil. 81. v. a. [parbouiller, Fr.] 
To half boil } to boil in part. Bacon. 

To PA'RBREAK$, par'-brake. v. n. [braccken, 
Tent.] To vomit. Skelton. Ob. J. 

To PAltBREAK*, par'-brake. v. a. To eject from 
the stomach. Prov. xxv. 

PA'RBREAK, par'-brake. n. s. Vomit. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

PA'RCEL §, par'-sll. 99. n. s. [parcelle, Fr. ; particula, 
Lat.] A small bundle. A part of the whole ; part 
taken separately. Davenant. A quantity or mass. 
Newton. A number of persons: in contempt. 
Sliakspeare. Any number or quantity : in con- 
tempt. VEslrange. 

To PA'RCEL, par'-sfl. v. a. To divide into portions. 
South. To make up into a mass. Sliakspeare. 

PA'RCENER, par'-se-nSr. n. s. [quasi parceller.] 
Where a person seized in fee-simple dies, and his 
next heirs are two or more females, his daughters, 
sisters, aunts, cousins, or their representatives ; in 
this case they shall all inherit, and these Coheirs are 
then called coparceners ; or, for brevity, parceners 
only. Blackstone. 

PA'RCENARY, par'-se-na-re. n. s. [parsonier, Fr.] 
A holding or occupying of land by more persons 
pro indiviso, or by joint tenants called coparceners. 
Cowel. 

To PARCH §, partsh. 352. v. a. [perhaps from perus- 
lus, burnt, to perust, to parch.'] To burn slightly and 
superficially ; to scorch ; to dry up. Sliakspeare. 

To PARCH, partsh. v.n. To be scorched. Shak. 

PA'RCHEDNESS*, partsh'-ed-nes. n. s. State of 
being dried up. More. 

PA'RCHMENT, partsh'-ment. n.s. [parchemin,Fr.] 
Skins dressed for the writer. Among traders, the 
skins of sheep are called parchment, those of calves 
vellum. Bacon. 

PARCHMENT-MAKER, partsh'-ment-ma-k&r. n.s. 
He who dresses parchment. 

PA'RCITY*, par'-se-te. n. s. [partite 1 , Fr. ; partitas, 
Lat.] Sparingness. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 

PARD, pard. ) n. s. [papb, Sax. ; pardus, 

PA'RDALE, par'-dale. ] Lat.] The leopard. [In 



poetry.] Any of the spotted beasts. Spenser. 

~VRDON§,p? 
excuse an offender. Dryden. To forgive a crime. 



To PA'RDON §, paV-dn. v. a. [pardonner, Fr.] To 



Jer. xxxiii. To remit a penalty. Shak. — Pardon me 
is a word of civil denial or stfght apology. Shak. 
PA'RDON, par'-dn. 170. n. s. [pardon, Fr.] For- 
giveness of an offender. Forgiveness of a crime. 
Ecchis. xx. Remission of penalty. Forgiveness 
received. South. Warrant of forgiveness, or ex- 
emption from, punishment. Sliakspeare. 
PA'RDONABLE, par'-dn-a-R 509. a. Venial j ex- 
cusable. Hooker. 
PA'RDONABLENESS, p?tr'-dn-a-bl-r,es. n. s. Ve- 

nialness; susceptibility of pardon. Bp. Hall. 
PA'RDONABLY, par'-dn^-ble. ad. Venially; ex- 
cusably. Dryden. 
PA'RDONER, par'-dn-ur. 98. n. s. One who forgives 
another. Sluxk. One of. those who carried about 
the pope's indigencies, and sold them. Coicel. 
To PARE$. pare. v. a. [pare,-, Fr.] To cut off ex- 
tremities of the surface ; to cut away by little and 
little; to diminish. Hooker. 
P AREGO'RICK, par-e-g6rMk. 509. a. [irao n yooiKbs .] 
Having the power in medicine to comfort, mollify, 
and assuage. Did. 
P AREGO'RICK*, par-e-g&rMk. n. s. A medical 
preparation which comforts and assuages. Bp. 
Berkeley. 
PARE NCHYM A §, pa-ren'-ke-ma. n. s. LrapEy W a.J 
A spongy or porous substance. [In physick.] A 
part through which the blood is strained. Diet. 
PARENCHYMATOUS, par-en-kW-a-t&s. 314. ) 
PARE'NCHYMOUS, pa-ren'-ke-mfis. \ 

a. Relating to the parenchyma; spongy. Grew. 
PARENE'TICAL*, par-e-neY-e-kal. ) a. [Ttapatven- 
PARENE'TICK, par-e-net'-ik. \ «fc.] Horta- 
tory; encouraging. Potter. 



PARE'NESIS, pa-rSn'-e-sk 520. n. s. [™pa<W<?.] 
Persuasion; exhortation. Diet. 

$£?■ Dr. Johnson, in the folio edition of his dictionary, 
places the accent on the penultimate syllable of this 
word, and Mr. Sheridan and Mr. ISares on the antepe- 
nultimate, and the latter make the e long. Dr. Johnson 
has several words of a similar termination for his ac- 
centuation ; but analogy is clearer for Mr. Shcridim 
and Mr. Nares with respect to accent, and directly 
against them with respect to quantity; for it is not the 
long quantity of the original that can resist the short- 
ening power of the English antepenultimate accent in 
this word, any more than in dimrcsis, ephemeris, &.c. 
which see. W. 

PA'RENT §, pa'-rent. n. s. [parens, Lat.] A father 
or mother. Hooker. 

PA'RENTAGE, par'-ren-tadje. 90, 515. n.s. [pa- 
rentage, Fr.] Extraction ; birth ; condition with re- 
spect to the rank of parents. Sliakspeare. 

PARE'NTAL, pa-ren'-tal. a. Becoming parents; 
pertaining to parents. Brown. 

PARENTA'TION, par-en-ta'-shfin. n. s. fyarmto, 
Lat.] Something done or said in honour of the 
dead. . Potter. 

PARENTHESIS §, pa-reV-tf?e-s?s. n.s. [na 9 a, h>, 
and r(0??/ij.] A sentence so included in another sen- 
tence, as that it may be taken out, without injuring 
the sense of that which eucloses it : being common- 
ly marked thus, ( ). Watts. 

PARENTHETICAL, par-en-2/ieY-e-kal. 509. ) 

PARENTHE'TICK*, par-en-^eY-.k. $ a 

Pertaining to a parenthesis. Dr. Hales. Using pa 
rentheses. Tyers. 

PARENTHETICALLY*, par-en-tfiet'-e-kal-le. ad. 
In a parenthesis. Bryant. 

PA'RENTLESS*, pa'-rent-le's. a. Deprived of pa- 
rents. Mirror for Magistrates. 
i PA'RER, pa'-rfir. 98. n.s. An instrument to cut away 
the surface. Tusser. 

PA'RERGY, paV-ur-je. n. s. [xapa and epyov.] 
Something unimportant; something done by the by. 
Brown. 

PA'RGET §, par'-jlt. n.s. [spargo, Lat.] Plaster laid 
upon roofs of rooms. Spensei: Paint. Dryden. 

:To PA'RGET, par'-ju. v. a. To plaster; to cover 
with plaster. Bp. Hall. 

To PA'RGET*, par'-jft. v. n. To lay paint on the 
face. B. Jonson. 

PA'RGETER, par'-je-tfir. n.s. A plasterer. Bamt. 

PARHE'LION.par-he'-le-fin. 113. n.s. [napa and 
JjAiof.] A mock sun. Boyle. 

PA 'RIAL*, pa'-re-al. ) n. s. Three of a sort 

PAIR-ROYAL*, pare'-r6e'-al. 3 at certain games 
of cards. Butler. 

PARFETAL, pa-rl'-e-tal. a. [panes, Lat.] Constitut- 
ing the sides or walls. Sharp. 

PARI'ETARY, pa-rl'-e-ta-re. n. s. [parietaire, Fr.] 
An herb. Ainsworth. 

PA'RIETINE*, par'-e-e-tlne. n.s. [panes, Lat.] A 
piece of a wall; a fragment. Burton. 

PA'RING, pairing. 410. n. s. That which is pared 
off any thing ; the rind. Sliakspeare. 

PA'RIS, par' -Is. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 

PA'RISH §, par'-rfsh. n. s. [parochia, low Lat. ; 
paroisse, Fr., of the Gr. irapoiicia.] The particular 
charge of a secular priest. Our realm was first 
divided into parishes by Honorius, archbishop of 
Canterbury, in the year of our Lord G36. Cawel. 

PA'RISH, par'-rfsh. a. Belonging to the parish j 
having the care of the parish. Dryden. Maintain- 
ed by the parish. Gay. 

PARFSHIONER, pa-rlsh'-un-flr. «. s. [paroissien, 
Fr.] One that belongs to the parish. Shakspeare. 

PA'RITOR, par'-re-tur. 166. n.s. A beadle; a sum- 
moner of the courts of civil law. Dryden. 

PA'RIT Y, paV-re-te. n. s. [parite 1 , Fr. ; pantos, Lat.] 
Equality ; resemblance. Bp. Hall. 

PARK§, park. 81. n.s. [peapnuc, pappuc. Sax.; 
pare, Fr.l A piece of ground enclosed and stored 
with wild beasts of chase, which a man may have 
by prescription, or the kiag's grant. Coivel. 
To PARK, park. v. a. To enclose as in a park 
Shakspeare. 

670 



PAR 



PAR 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tab, bill ;— <M1 y- p6ond;— </iin, thjs. 



PARKER, park'-flr. 98. n. s. A park-keeper. Skel- 

(on. 
PA RKLEAVES, park'-levz. n. s. An herb. Ains- 

worth. 
PARLANCE* par'-lanse. n.s. Conversation; talk. 

Wooddeson. A modern word. 
To PARLEY* pari. v. n. tvarler, Fr.] To talk; to 
converse ; to discuss any thing orally. Mirror for 
■trcties. 
PARLE, pari. n. s. Conversation; talk; oral treaty. 

njeane. » 
To PA RLEY, parMe. v. n t [ parler, Fr.] To treat 
l>v word of mouth; to talk; to discuss anything 
ora 1 1 v. Knolles. 
"\ It LEY, parMe. n.s. Oral treaty; talk; confer- 

j discussion by word of mouth. Sidneu. 
1 RLIAMENT$, parMe-ment. 274. n,s.~[parlia- 
■inn, low Lat.] The assembly of the king and 
B estates of tlie realm; namely, the lords spirit- 
ual, tlie lords temporal, and commons, for the de- 1 
hating of matters touching the commonwealth, es- j 
pe daily the making and correcting of laws ; which 
assembly or court is, of all others, the highest, and 
atest authority. Coicel. 
PARLIAMENTARIAN*, par-le-men-ta'-re-an. ) 
I'ARLIAMENTERR*, par-le-men-teer'. $ 

>i. 8. One of those who embraced the cause of the 
parliament against the king, in the great rebellion. 
Aubrey. 
PARLIAMENTARIAN*, par-le-men-ta'-re-an. a. 
Serving the parliament, in the time of the great re- 
bellion. A. Wood. 
PARLIAMENTARY, par-l^-men'-ta-re. a. Enact- 
ed bv parliament ; pertaining to parliament. Bacon. 
PA RLOUR, par'-lQr. 314. n. s. [parloir, Fr.] A 
room in monasteries, where the religious meet and 
converse. A room in houses on the first floor, ele- 
gantly furnished for reception or entertainment. 
Hooker. 
PARLOUS $, parMfts. 314. a. [from perilous.] Dan- 
gerous. Bale. Keen ; shrewd. Milton. 
PA RLOUSNESS, parMus-nes. n. s. Quickness ; 

keenness of temper. 
PARMACI'TY, par-ma-sft'-e. n. s. Corruptedly for 

s])ermaceti, which see. Shalcspeare. 
PARMESA'N Cheese*, par-me-san'-tsheeze'. n. s. 
[Parmesan, Fr.] A delicate sort of cheese, made 
at Parma in Italy. Cotgrave. 
PARNEL, par'-nel. n. s. [the diminutive of petro- 

nella, ItalJ A punk ; a slut. Skinner. Ob. J. 
PAROCHIAL y, par-ro'-ke-al. a. [parochialis, low 

Lat.] Belonging to a parish. Atterbury. 
PAROCHIA'LITY*, par-ro-ke-al'-e-te. n. s. State 

of being parochial. Dr. Harriot. 
PAROCHIALLY*, par-ro'-ke-al-le. ad. In a parish; 

by parishes. Bp. Stilling fleet. 
PAROCHIAN* par-ro'-ke-an. a. Belonging to a 

parish. Bacon. 
PAROCHL4N*, par-r6'-ke-an. n. s. A parishioner. 

Lord Burghley. 
PARO'DICAL*, par-rod'-e-kal. a. Copying after the 

manner of parody. Warton. 
PARODY $, par'-rc-de. n. s. [sapaiia.] A kind of 
writing in which the words of an author, or his 
thoughts, are taken, and, bv a slight change, adapt- 
ed to' some new purpose. Dry den. 
To PARODY, par'-r6-de. v. a. [parodier, Fr.] To 

copy by way ofparody. Pope. 
PARONYMOUS, par-on'-ne-m&s. a. [*apJ>vvuos.] 

Resembling another word. Watts. 
PAROL*, [PARO'LE, pa-r6le\ Perry and Web- 
ster.] a. By word of mouth. Blackstone. 
PAROLE $, pa-r6le'. n. s. [parole, Fr.] Word given 
as an assurance ; promise given by a prisoner not 
to go away. Cleaveland. 
PARONOMA'SIA $, par-6-n6-ma'-zhe-a.453. ? „ . 
PARONOMASY §*, par-6-n&m'-a-se. \ 

[napuvonaoia.] A rhetorical figure, in which, by the 
change of a letter or syllable, several things are al- 
luded to. B. Jonson. 
PARONOMA'STICAL*, par-o-ni-mas'-te-kal. a. 
Belonging to a paronomasy. More. 



PAROUUET, par^-6-kwet. [par'-o-ket, Sheridan, 
Perry, and Jones.] n.s. [paroquet or perroquet, Fr. } 
A small species of parrot. Grew. 

PARONYCHIA, par-o-nik'-e-a. n. s. [rrapwv^a.J 
A preternatural swelling or sore under the root ot 
the nail in one's finger; a felon; a whitlow. Dia. 

PAROTID, pa-rdt'-dd. 603. a. [irapwriy, vapa, and 
tira.] Salivary : so named because near the ears, 
Grew. 

$£T I» this, and the following word, Dr. Johnson plucos 
the accent on the antepenultimate syllable, bat Mr, 
Sheridan and Dr. Ash, much more properly, on the pe- 
nultimate, as here marked. It may, however, b^ ob- 
served, that Dr. Johnson's accentuation of this word is 
the most agreeablo to analogy, as it comes from the 
Latin parotides, which, according to the general rule, 
by losing a syllable, has its accent removed a syllable 
higher (see Academy) ; but the succeeding word, pa- 
rotis, is a perfect Latin word, and, therefore, preserves 
its Latin accent on the penultimate. — See Principtes y 
No. 503, (b,) and the*word Jrrepa.ra.ble. W. 

PAROTIS, pa-rc-'-lis. 503. n. s. [irdpwns.] A tumour" 
in the glandules behind and about the ears, gener- 
ally called the emunctories of the brain; though, 
indeed., they are the external fountains of the saliva 
of the mouth. Wiseman. 

PA ROXYSxM, par'-rok-sizm. 503. n.s. [rape^a?.] 
A fit ; periodical exacerbation of a disease. Dryden. 

PARREL*, par'-rel. n.s. [a naval word.] A frame 
or machine to fasten the yards to the mast, s© as U 
raise or lower them. 

PARRICPDAL, par-re-sl'-dal 



I a. [ parricide 

PARRICFDIOUS, par-re-sld'-yas. $ Lat.] Relat 
ing to parricide ; committing parricide. Brown. 

PARRICIDE $, par'-re-slde. 143. n. s. [Fr,; par 
rwida, Lat.] One who destroys his father. Shafc 
One who destroys or invades any to whom he owe* 
particular reverence : as his country or patron. 
The murder of a father ; murder of one to whom 
reverence is due. Bacon. 

PARROT, par'-r&t. 166. n. s. [perroquet, Fr.] A 
party-coloured bird, of the species of the hooked 
bill, remarkable for the exact imitation of the hu- 
man voice. Dryden. 

To PARRY y , par-re. v. n. [parer, Fr. ; paera, Ice].}' 
To put by thrusts; to fence. Locke. 

To PARRY*, par'-re. v. a. To turn aside. Lord 
Chesterfield. 

To PARSE, parse. 81. v. a. [pars, Lat.] To resolve 
a sentence into the elements or parts of speech. It 
is a word onlv used in grammar schools. Watts. 

PARSIMO'NIOUS, par-se-m^-ne-fls. a. Covetous ; 
frugal ; sparing. Bacon. 

PARSIMONIOUSLY, par-se-m6'-ne-us-le. ad 
Covetously ; frugally ; sparingly. Swift. 

PARSIMO'NIOUSNESS, plr-se-mo'-ne-Qs-nes. n.s. 
A disposition to spare and save. L. Addison. 

PARSIMONY y , P ar'-se-m6n-e. 503, 557. [See Do- 
mestick.] n. s. [parsimonia, Lat.] Frugality; 
covetousness; niggardliness; saving temper. Bacon 

PARSLEY, parsMe. n. s. [persli, Welsh.] An herb- 
Shakspeare. 

PARSNEP, pars'-nlp. 99. n. s. A plant. Peacham 

PARSON y, par'-sn. 170. n. s. [from persona, " ec- 
clesise persona."] The rector or incumbent of a 
parioh ; one that has a parochial charge or cure of 
souls. Clarendon. A clergyman. Shak. It is ap 
plied to the teachers of the Presbyterians. 

{£j~ The o before n, preceded by k, p, s, or t, is under the 
same predicament as e ; th'at is, when the accent is not 
on it, the two consonants unite, and the vowel is sup- 
i pressed ; as beckon, capon, season, mutton, &c. pro- 
1 nounced beckon, cap'n, season, mutVn, &c. Parson, 
therefore, ought to be pronounced with the o suppress- 
ed, and not as Mr. Sheridan has marked it. — See Prin- 
ciples, No. 103, 170. W. 

PA RSONAGE, parz-sn-aje. 90. n. s. The benefice 

I of a parish. Addison. The house appropriated to 
the residence of the incumbent. Gray. 

PART y, part. 81. n.s. [pars, Lat.] Something less 
than the whole ; a portion ; a quantity taken from a 
larger quantity. Bacon. Member. Locke. Par- 
ticular ; distinct species. Law. Ingredient in a 
mingled mass. Blackmore. That which, in divis- 
671 



PAR 



PAR 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— plue, p!n 



ion, falls to each. Dryden. Proportional quantity. 
Chapman. Share ; concern. Heb. ii. Side ; party 5 
interest ; faction. Shak. Something relating or be- 
longing. Sidney. Particular office or character. 
Bacon. Character appropriated in a play. Shak. 
Business j duty. Bacon. Action 3 conduct. Shak. 
Relation reciprocal. Bp. Taylor.— In good part ; 
in ill part. As well done j as ill done. Hooker. — In 
the plural : qualities, powers, faculties, or accom- 
plishments. Sidney. In the plural : quarters ; re- 
gions ; districts. Acts, xx. — For the most part. Com- 
monly ; oftener than otherwise. Heylin. 
PART, part. ad. Partly; in some measure. Shak. 
To PART, part. v. a. To divide ; to share ; to distri- 
bute. Acts, ii. To separate; to disunite, Ruth,\. 
To break into pieces. Lev. ii. To keep asunder. 
Shak. To separate combatants. Shak. To se- 
cern. Prior. 
To PART, part. v. n. To be separated. Milton. To 
quit each other. Locke. To take farewell. Milton. 
To have share. 1 Sam. xxx. [partir, Fr.l To go 
•away ; to set out. Milton. — To part with . To qu i 1 5 
to resign ; to lose ; to be separated from. Bp. Taylor. 
PA'RTABLE. part'-a-bl. 405. a. Divisible ; such as 

may be parted. Camden. 
PA'RTAGE, part'-adje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] Division ; 

act of sharing or parting. Locke. 
To PARTA'KE §, par-take', v. n. preter. I partook : 
part. pass, partaken. To have share of any thing; 
to take share with. Dryden. To participate ; to 
have something of the property, nature, claim, or 
right. Bacon. To be admitted to ; not to be ex- 
cluded. Sfiakspeare. 
To PART A'KE, par-take', v. a. To share; to have 
part in. Milton. To admit to part ; to extend par- 
ticipation to. Spenser. 
PARTA'KER, par-ta'-kflr. n. s. A partner in pos- 
sessions ; a sharer of any thing ; an associate with. 
Hooker. Sometimes with in before the thing par- 
taken. St. Matt, xxiii. Accomplice ; associate. 
Psalm 1. 
PARTA'KING, par-ta'-king. n. s. Combination ; 

union in some bad design. Hale. 
PA'RTED*, part'-ed. a. Possessing accomplishments. 

B. Jonson. 
PA'RTER, part'-ur. 98. n. s. One that parts or sep- 
arates. Sidney. 
PARTE'RRE, par-tare', n. s. [Fr.] A level division 
of ground, furnished with greens and flowers. Mil- 
ler. 
PA'RTIAL§, par'-shal. 81. a. [Fr.] Inclined ante- 
cedently to favour one party in a cause, or one side 
of the question, more than the other. Mai. ii. In- 
clined to favour without reason. Davenant. Affect- 
ing only one part ; subsisting only in a part ; not 
general. Burnet. 
PARTIA'LITY, par-she-al'-le-te. 542. n. s. [par- 
Halite 1 , Fr.] Unequal state of the judgement and fa- 
vour of one above the other. Spenser. 
PA'RTIALIST*, par'-shal-lst. n. s. One who is par- 
tial. Bp. Morton. 
To PA'RTIALIZE, par'-shal-lze. v.a. [partializer, 

Fr.] To make partial. Sha/cspeare. 
PA'RTIALLY, paW-shaWe. ad. With unjust favour 

or dislike. In part; not totally. Brown. 
PARTIBI'LITY, par-te-bll'-le-te. n.s. Divisibility; 

separability. 
PA'RTIBLE§,par'-te-bl.405. a. Divisible; separa- 
ble. Bacon. 
PARTI'CIPABLE, par-f?s'-se-pa-bl. a . Such as may 

be shared or partaken. Norns. 
PARTICIPANT, par-tls'-se-pant. a. [Fr.] Sharing; 

having share or part. Bacon. 
PARTICIPANT*, par-tls'-se-pant. n.s. A partaker. 

Warburton. 
To PARTI'CD? ATE §, par-th'-se-pate. v.n. [par- 
tkipo, Lat. ; participer, Fr.] To partake ; to have 
share. Shak. To have part of more things than 
one. Bacon. To have part of something common 
with another. Baton. 
To PARTI'CD? ATE, par-uV-se-pate. v.a. To par- 
take; to receive part of; to share. Hooker. 



PARTICIPATION, par-tis-se-pa'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] 
The slate of sharing something in common. Hook- 
er. The act or state of receiving or having part of 
something. Hooker. Distribution ; division into 
shares. Raleigh. 

PARTICIPATIVE* par-tis'-se-pa-tlv. a. Capable 
of partaking. 

PARTICIPIAL, par-te-s?p'-pe-al. a. {particijnalis, 
Lat.] Having the nature of a participle. Lowth. 

PARTICI'PIALLY, par-te-s?p'-pe-al-e. ad. In the 
sense or manner of a participle. 

PA'RTICIPLE $, par'-te-s5p-pl. n.s. [participium, 
Lat.] A word partaking at once the qualities of a 
noun and verb. Clarke. Any thing that partici- 
pates of different things, Bacon. 

PA'RTICLE, par'-te-kl. 405. n. s. [particule, Fr. ; 
particula, Lat.] Any small portion of a greater 



substance. Clarendon. A word unvaried by in- I 
flection. Locke. 
PARTICULAR §, par-tlk'-u-l&r. 179. a. [ parikulier, 
Fr.] Relating to single persons ; not general. Sid- 
ney. Individual ; one. distinct from others. Bacon. 
Noting properties or things peculiar. Bacon. At- 
tentive to things single and distinct. Locke. Sin- 
gle; not general. Sidney. Odd; having something 
tfiat eminently distinguishes him from others. 
PARTICULAR, par-t)k'-u-lur. 88. n. s. A single 
instance ; a single point. Bacon. Individual ; pri 
vate person. L Estrange. Private interest. Hooker. 
Private character; single self; state of an individ 
ual. Slxak. A minute detail of things singly enu 
merated. Ayliffe. — In particular. Peculiarly ; dis- 
tinctly. Dryden. 
PARTICULARITY^ par-tik-ku-lar'-e-le. n. s. [ par- 
ticularite, Fr.] Distinct notice or enumeration. 
Sidney. Singleness; individuality. Hooker. Petty 
account; private incident. Addison. Something 
belonging to single persons. Sliak. Something pe- 
culiar. Addison. 
To PARTICULARIZE, par-tfk'-ku-la-rlze. v. a. 
[ particulaiiser, Fr.] To mention distinctly ; to de- 
tail ; to show minutely. Shakspeare. 
To PARTICULARIZE*, par-tlk'-ku-la-rSze. v. n. 
To be particular ; to be attentive to things single 
and distinct. Herbert. 
PARTICULARLY, par-tfk'-ku-liir-le. ad. Distinct- 
ly; singly; not universally. South. In an extra- 
ordinary degree. Dryden. 
To PARTICULATE, par-t?k'-ku-lute. n. n. To 

make mention singly. Camden. Ob. J. 
PA'RTING*, parl'-frig. n. s. Division. Ezek. xxi. 
Separation. [In chymistry.] An operation by 
which gold and silver are separated from each 
other. [In naval language.] State of being driven 
from the anchors, when the ship has broke her 
cable. 
PA'RTISAN, par'-te-zan. 524. n.s. [pertuisane, Fr.] 
A kind of pike or halberd. Shak. [from parti, Fr.] . 
An adherent to a faction. Addison. The commander 
of a party detached from the main body upon some 
sudden excursion. A commander's leading staff 
Ainsworth. 

Q^T All our oithoepists agree in accenting this word on 
the first syllable. Mr. Nares says, Dr. Johnson has im- 
properly accented this word on the last ; but, both in 
the folio edition of his dictionary, and the quarto, 
printed since his death, the accent is on the first. There 
is not the same uniformity in the accentuation of the 
companion to this word, artisan ; for, though Mr. 
Nares, Mr. Perry, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Buchanan, 
Bailey, Fenning, and Entick, accent the first syllable, 
Dr. Johnson, in both editions of his dictionary, Mr. 
Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Barclay, accent the last : 
and Dr. Kenrick places an accent on both first and 
last. The same diversity appears in the accentuation 
of courtesan, a word of exactly the same form j which 
is accented by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston', 
Mr. Nares, Fenning, and Entick, on the last syllable ; 
and by Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Buchanan. Barclay, Bai- 
ley, and Fenning, on the first ; and by Mr. Perry both, 
on the first and last. The truth is, these three words 
are among those which admit of the accent either on 
the first or last syllable, and this has produced the di- 
versity we find in our dictionaries, 524. The accent on. 
672 ' 



PAS 



PAS 



-116, move, ndr. not ;— lube, iftb, biMl ;— fill ;— pot'md ;— tfiin, 'mis. 



the first syllable seems the most agreeable to our anal- 
ogy, and ougbt to be preferred. 50$ W. 
PARTITION $, pir-ash'-ftn. n. 5. [Fr. ; nwtifto, 
Lat.l The act ol dividing ; a state ofbeing divided. 
Shak. Division; separation; distinction. Hooker. 
Part divided from the rest ; separate part. Milton. 
That by which different parts are separated. 
Hooker. Part where separation is made. Dn/- 
den. 
To PARTITION, par-lish'-un. v. a. To divide 

into distinct parts. Bacon. 
PARTLET, part'-lel. n. s. A ruff or band worn by 

women. Knight. A hen. Shakspeare. 
PARTLY, paxt'-le. ad. In some measure; in some 

degree ; in part. Hooker. 
PA RTNER, part'-nfir. 98. n. s. Partaker ; sharer ; 
one who has part in any thing ; associate. Raleigh. 
One who dances with another. Shakspeare. 
7'o PARTNER, part'-nfir. v. a. To join ; to asso- 
ciate with a partner. Shaksjieare. 
PARTNERSHIP, uart'-nfir-ship. n. s. Joint inter 
est or property. Dryden. The union of two or 
more in the same trade. L' Estrange. 
PARTO'OK, par-tfifik'. Preterit of partake. 
PARTRIDGE, par'-tr?djc. n. s. [pcrdrix, Fr. ; pe- 

tris. Welsh.] A bird of game. 1 Sam. xxvi. 
PARTURIENT $, par-tu'-re-ent. a. [partitriens, 

Lat.l About to bring forth. More. 
PARTURITION, par-tshA-rlsh'-ftn. n. s. [parlurio, 
Lat.] The state of being about to bring forth. 
Brown. Any production. Instruct, for Oralon/. 
PARTURE*, par'-tshure. n. s. Departure. Spenser. 

Ob. T. 
PARTY $, par'-te. n. s. [partie, Fr.] A number of 
persons confederated by similarity of designs or 
opinions in opposition to others ; a faction. Locke. 
One of two litigants. SJiak. One concerned in any 
affair. Shak. Side ; persons engaged against 
each other. Dryden. Cause ; side. Dryden. A se- 
lect assembly. Pope. Particular person ; a person 
distinct from, or opposed to another. Sidney. A 
detachment of soldiers : as, He commanded the 
party sent thither. 
PARTY-COLOURED, par'-te-kfil-lfir'd. a. Hav- 
ing diversity of colours. Shakspeare. 
PARTY-JURY, par'-te-ju-re. n. s. [In law.] A jury 

in some trials half foreigners and half natives. 
PARTY-MAN, par'-te-man. n.s. A factious person ; 

an abettor of a party. Swift. 
PARTY-WALL, par-le-wall'. n. s. Wall that sepa- 
rates one house from the next. Mopcan. 
PA'R VIS, par'-vls. n. s. [Fr.] A church or church 

porch. Chancer. 
PARVITUDE, par'-ve-tude. n. s. [parvus. Lat.] 

Littleness; minuteness. Gkmville. Ob. J. 
PARVITY, par'-ve-te. n.s. Littleness; minuteness. 

Ray. Ob. J. 
PAS, pa. n. s. [Fr.] Precedence ; right of going 

foremost. Arbuthnot. 
PASCH §*, pask. n. s. [pask, old Fr. ; papche, Sax. ; 
paska, Goth. ; iruff^a, Gr.l The passover. Wicliffe. 
The feast of Easter. Bultokar. 
PASCH-EGG* pask'-eg. n. s. An egg dyed or 
stained, presented, about the time of Easter, in 
several parts of the north of England, to this 
day, to young persons. Beehive of the Romish 
Church. 
PASCH-FLOWER*. See Pasque-Flower.. 
PA'SCHAL, pas'-kal. 88. a. [Fr.; paschalis, Lat.] 
Relating to the passover. Pearson: Relating to 
Easter. Wheatly. 
To PASH §, pash. v. a. [7ra/u>, 7raiVw.] To strike; to 
crush; to push against; to dash with violence. 
Barret. 
PASH, pash. n.s. A blow; a stroke. Sherwood. 
PASQUE-FLOWER, pask'-fl6u-fir. n. s. A flower. 

Miller. 
PA'SQUIL $, pas'-kw?]. p n. s. [from Pas- 

PA'SQUIN \, pas'-kwin. 114. > quino, a statue 
PASQUINADE ^pas-kwhi-ade'.) at Rome, to 
which they affix any lampoon or paper.] A lam- 
poon. Dryden. 

85 " 



To PA'SQUIL*, pas'-kwIJ. ) «. 

* 1. S Burton. 



a. To lampoon. 
To PASCiUINVpas'-kwIii. < Bi 
PA StiUILLER*, pas'-kw'il-lfir. n. s A lampooner. 

Burton. 
To PASS J, pis. r. n. [passer, Fr. ; passus, Lat.] To 
go; to move from one place to another; to be 
progressive. Gen. xviii. To go forcibly ; to make 
way. Dryden. To make a change from one thing 
to another. Temple. To vanish ; to be lost. Psalm 
cxlviii. To be spent; to go away progressively. 
Locke. To be at an end; to be bVer. Dryden. To 
die ; to pass from the present life to another stale. 
Shak. To be changed by regular gradation. Ar- 
buthnot. To go beyond bounds. Shak. To be in 
any state. Ezek. xx. To be enacted. Clarendon 
To be effected; to exist. Hooker. To gain recep- 
tion ; to become current : as, This money will not 
pass. Hudibras. To be practised artfully or suc- 
cessfully. Shak. To be regarded as good or ill. 
Atterbunf. To occur; to be transacted. Walts. Tc 
be done." Bp. Taylor. To heed; to regard. Shak. 
To determine finally; to judge capitally. Shak. Tc 
be supremely excellent. Hmlihras. To thrust ; le 
make a push in fencing. Dryden. To omit to play. 
Prior. Togo through the alimentary duct. Arbulli- 
not. To be in a tolerable state. L' Estrange. — T« 
pass away. To be lost; to glide off. Lockt. To 
vanish. Job, xxx. 
To PASS, pas. v. a. To go beyond. Hayward. To 
go through : as, The horse passed the river. To go 
through : in a legal sense. Swift. To spend ; to 
live through. Collier. To impart to any thing the 
power of moving. Derliam. To carry hastily. J&d- 
dison. To transfer to another proprietor, or into 
the hands of another. Herbert. To strain ; to per- 
colate. Bacon. To vent; to pronounce. Walts. 
To utter ceremoniously. Clarendon. To utter 
solemnly, or judicially. Hammond. To transmit; 
to procure to go. Clarendon.. To put an end to. 
Shale. T)o surpass; to excel. Spenser. To omit ; 
to neglect. Shak. To transcend ; to transgress. 
Burnet. To admit; to allow. 2 Kings, xii. To 
enact a law. South. To impose fraudulently. Dry- 
den. To practise artfully; to make succeed. L. 
Jonson. To send from one place to another : as, 
Pass that beggar to his own parish. — To pass 
away. To spend ; to waste. Ecclus. xlii. To pass 
by. ' To excuse; to forgive. TVlotson. To neg- 
lect; to disregard. Bacon. To pass over. To omit ; 
to let go unregarded. Dryden. 
PASS, pas. n.s. A narrow entrance; an avenue. 
Shak. Passage ; road. Raleigh. A permission to 
go or come any where. Spenser. An order by 
which vagrants or impotent persons are sent to 
their place of abode. Push; thrust in fencing. 
Shak. State ; condition. Sidney. 
PASSABLE, paV-sa-bl. 405. a. [passible, Fr.] 
Possible to be passed or travelled through or over. 
2 Mace. Supportable; tolerable; allowable 
. Hmcell. Capable of admission or reception. Col 

Her. Popular; well received. Bacon. 
PASSABLY*, pas'-sa-ble. ad. Tolerably; mode 

ratelv. Howell. 
PASS A' DO, pas-sa'-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 

[Ital.] A push ; a thrust. Shakspeare. 
PA'SSAGE, pas'-s?dje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] Act of passing; 
travel ; course ; journey. Raleigli. Road ; way 
Bacon. Entrance or exit ; liberty to pass. Shak. 
The state of decay. Shak. Intellectual admittance; 
mental acceptance. Digby. Occurrence ; hap. 
Shak. Unsettled state ; aptness by condition or na- 
ture to change the place of abode. Temple. Inci- 
dent; transaction. Hayward. Management ; con- 
duct. Davies. Part of a book ; single place in a 
writing. Addison. 
PA'SSANT*, pas'-sant. a. [ passant, Fr. J Cursory; 

careless. Barrow. 
En PA'SSANT*, ong-pas'-song'. ad. [FrJ By 
the way; slightly; in haste. Transl. of Plato's 
Apol. of Socrates. 
PA'SSED, past. [See Principles, No. 367.] Prete 
rit and participle of pass. Isaiah, xl. 
673 



PAS 



PAS 



[CF 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



PASSENGER, pas'-sm-jnr. 99. n. s. [passage,; Fr.] 
A traveller; one who is upon the road; a way- 
farer. Spenser. One who hires in any vehicle the 
liberty of travelling. Sidney. 
PASSENGER Falcon, pas'-sJn-jfir-faw'-kn. n.s. A 

kind of migratory hawk. Ainsworih. 
PASSER, pas'-s&r. 98. n. s. One who passes ; one 

that is upon the road. Carew. 
PASSIBPL1TY, pas-se-bll'-le-te. n. s. [possibilite , 
Fr.] Quality of receiving impression from exter- 
nal agents. Hakewill. 
PA'SS1BLE§, pas'-se-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; possibilis, 
Lat.] Susceptive of impressions from external 
agents. Hooker. 
PA P SSIBLENESS, pas'-se-bl-nes. n. s. Quality of 
receiving impressions from external agents. Brere- 
■wood. 
PA'SSING, pas'-slng. 410. part. a. Supreme ; sur- 
passing others ; eminent. Fairfax. It is used ad- 
verbially to enforce the meaning of another word. 
Exceeding. Shakspeare. 
PA'SSINGBELL, pas'-slng-bel. n. s. [passing and 
bell.] The bell which was rung or tolled at the 
hour of departure, to obtain prayers for the passing 
soul : it is now used lor the bell, which rings im- 
mediately after death. Donne. 
PASSINGLY* pas'-smg-le. ad. Exceedingly. 

Wkliffe. 
PA'SSlON §, pash'-un. n. s. [Fr.; passio, Lat.] Any 
effect caused by external agency. Locke. Suscep- 
tibility of effect from external action. Bacon. 
Violent commotion of the mind. Shak. Anger. 
Walls. Zeal ; ardour. Addison. Love. Rowe. 
Eagerness. Swift. Emphatically, the last suffer- 
ing of the Redeemer of the world. Acts, i. 
To PA SSION, pash'-un. r. n. [passioner, Fr.] To 
be extremely agitated ; to express great commo- 
tion of mind. Sliak spear e. Ob. J. 
PASSION-FLOWER, pash'-un-flou-ur. n. s. A 

flower. Miller. 
PASSION-WEEK, pash'-un-week'. n. s. The week 
immediately preceding Easter, named in com- 
memoration of our Saviours crucifixion. 
PA'SSlON ARY*, pash'-un-a-re. n.s. [passionaire, 
old Fr.] A book describing the sufferings of saints 
and martyrs. Warton. 
PA'SSIONATE, pash'-un-nat. 91. a. [passionne, 
Fr.] Moved by passion ; feeling or expressing 
great commotion of mind. Hooker. Easily moved 
to anger. Prior. 
To PA'SSIONATE, pash'-un-ate. v.a. To affect 
with passion. Spenser. To express passionately. 
Titus Andronicus. Ob. J. 
PA'SSIONATELY, pash'-un-nat-l£. ad. With pas- 
sion ; with desire, love, or hatred; with great com- 
motion of mind. South. Angrily. Locke. 
PA'SSIONATENESS, pash'-un-nat-nes. n. s. State 
of being subject to passion. Vehemence of mind. 
Boyle.. 
PA'SSIONED*. pash'-und. a. Disordered ; violent- 
ly affected. Spenser. Expressing passion. Spenser. 
PA'SSIONLESS*, pash'-fin-les. a. Not easily moved 

to anger ; cool ; undisturbed. Slielton. 
PA'SSIVE§, pas'-s'iv. 158. a. [passif, Fr. ; passivus, 
Lat.] Receiving impression from some external 
agent. Milton. Unresisting; not opposing. Pope. 
Suffering ; not acting. [In' grammar.] [A verb 
passim is that which signifies passion, or the effect 
of action : as, doceor, I am taught. Clarke. 
PA'SSIVELY, pas'-siv-le. ad. With a passive na- 
ture. Dryden. Without agency. Pearson. [In gram- 
mar.] According to the form of a verb passive.^'//*/. 
PA'SSIVENESS, pas'-s?v-nes. n.s. Quality of re- 
ceiving impression from external agents. Beaumont. 
Passibility; power of suffering. Bp. Taylor. Pa- 
tience; calmness. Fell. 
PASSI'VITY, pas-siv'-ve-te. n. s. Passiveness. 

Hammond. 
PA'SSLESS*. pas'-l^s. a. Having no passage. Cow- 
ley. 
PA'SSOVER, pas'-6-v6r. n. s. A feast instituted 
among the Jews in memory of the time when God, 



smiting the first-born of the Egyptians, passed over 
the habitations of the Hebrews." St. John, ii. The 
sacrifice killed. Exod. xii. 
PA'SSPORT, pas'-p6rt. n. s. [Fr.] Permission of 

passage. Sidney. 
PA'SSYMEASURE*, pas'-se-mezh-ure. n.s. [pas- 
samezzo, Ital.] An old, stately kind of dance; a 
cinque-p^ace. Shakspeare. 
PAST, past. [See Principles, No. 367.1 part. a. [from 
pass.] Not present; not to come. Shak. Spent; 
gone through ; undergone. Pope. 
PAST, past. n. s. Elliptically used for past time. 

Fenton. 
PAST, past. 367. preposition. Beyond in time : as, 
She was past age. Heb. xi. No longer capable of . 
as, He was esteemed past sense. Hayw,ard. Be- 
yond ; out of the reach of. Shak. Beyond ; fur- 
ther than. Num. xxi. Above; more than. Spejiser. 
PASTE §, pasie. 74. n. s. [Fr.] Any thing mixed up 
so as to be viscous and tenacious. Bacon. Flour 
and water boiled together so as to make a cement. 
Artificial mixture, in imitation of precious stones. 
To PASTE, paste, v. a. [paster, Fr.] To fasten 

with paste. Locke. 
PA'STEBOARD, paste'-b6rd. n. s. Masses made 
anciently by pasting one paper on another ; now 
made sometimes by macerating paper and casting 
it in moulds, sometimes by pounding old cordage, 
and casting it informs. Dryden. 
PA'STEBOARD, paste'-b6rd. a. Made of paste- 
board. Mortimer. 
PA'STEL, pas'-til. n. s. An herb. 
PA'STERN, pas'-turn. 98. n. s. [pasturon, Fr.] That 
part of the leg of a horse between the joint next the 
foot and the hoof. Sluik. A patten. Dryden. 
PASTICCIO*, pas-rft'-tsho. n. s. [Ital. J An oglio; 

a medley. Swinburne. 
PA'STIL", pas-til. n.s. [pastillus, Lat.] A roll of 

paste. Peacham. 
PA'STIME §, pas'-tlme. n.s. [pass and time.] Sport, 

amusement ; diversion. Sidney. 
To PA'STIME*, pas'-tlme. v. n. To sport; to take 

pastime. Tragedy of Soliman and Perseda. 
PA'STOR §, pas'-tur. 166. n. s. [ pastor, Lat.] A shep- 
herd. Dryden. A clergyman who has the care ot 
a flock ; one who has souls to feed with sound doc 
trine. Hooker. 
PA'STORAL, pas'-tur-al. 88. [For the o, see Do 
mestick.] a. [p>xstoralis, Lat.] Rural; rustick ; 
beseeming shepherds; imitating shepherds. Sid- 
ney. 
PA'STORAL, pas'-tur-al. n. s. A poem in which 
any action or passion is represented by its effects 
upon a country life ; or according to the common 
practice in which speakers take upon them the 
character of shepherds ; an idyl ; a bucolick. Pope 
A book relating to the cure of souls. Herbert. 
PA'STORLIKE*, pas'-tfir-llke. ) a. Becommg a 
PA'STORLY*, pas'-tOr-le. S pastor. Milton. 
PASTORSHIP*, pas'-tur-ship. n.s. The office or 

rank of a pastor. Bp. Bull. 
PA'STRY, pa'-stre. n. s. The act of making pies. 
King. Pies or baked paste. Tusser. The place 
where pastry is made. Sliakspeare. 
PASTRY-COOK, pa'-stre-k66k. n.s. One whose 
trade is to make and sell things baked in paste 
Arbuthnot. 
PA'STURABLE, pas'-tshu-ra-bl. a. [from pasture.] 

Fit for pasture. 
PASTURAGE, pas'-tshu-radje. 90. n.s. [Fr.] The 
business of feeding cattle. Spenser. Lands grazed 
by cattle. Addison. The use of pasture. Arbuthnot. 
PASTURES, pas'-tshure. 461. n.s. [pasture, Fr.] 
Food; the act of feeding. Brown. Ground on 
which cattle feed. Sfuik. Human culture ; educa- 
tion. Dryden. 
To PA'STURE, pas'-tshure. v. a. To place in a pas- 
ture. 
To PA'STURE, pas'-tshure. v.n. To graze on the 

ground. Gower. 
PA'STY, pas'-te. 515. n.s. A pie of crust raised with- 
out a dish. Shakspeare. 

674 



PAT 



PAT 



— no, move, ndr. not; — lube, tub, bull ; — 6)1 ;— pound ;— thin, mis. 



PAT $, pat. a. [pas, Teut.] Fit ; convenient; exact- 
ly suitable. Barrow. 

PAT*, pat. ad, Fitly; conveniently. Shakspeare. 

PAT$, pat. //. s. [j/atte, Fr.] A light, quick blow ; a 
tap. Collier. -Small lump of matter beat into shape 
with the hand. 

To PAT, pat. v. a. To strike lightly feoiap. J?aco«. 

PA'TACHE, pat'4tsh. n. s. {Fr.] A fmall ship. 
A ins worth. 

PATACOO'N, pat-ta-k66n'. n. s. A Spanish coin 
worth four shillings and eight-pence English. 
Howell. 

PATCH §, patsh. 352. n.s. [pezzo, Ital.] A piece sewed 
on to cover a hole. Sfiak. A piece inserted in mo- 
saick or variegated work. Locke. A small spot of 
black silk put on the face. Cleave/and. A small 
panicle j a parcel of land. Sluxk. A paltry fellow. 
Shakspeare. 

To PATCH, patsh. v. a. [pudtzer, Dan.; pezzare, 
Ital.] To cover with a piece sewed on. Locke. 
To decorate the face with small spots of black 
silk. Addison. To mend clumsily ; to mend so as 
that the orfginal strength or beauty is lost. Shak. 
To make up of shreds or different pieces. Raleigh. 
To dress in a party-coloured coat. Shakspeare. 

PA'TCHER, patsh'-'ur. 98. n. s. One that patches ; 
a botcher. 

PA / TCHERY,patsh / -fir-e. n.s. Botchery; bungling 
work ; forgery. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

PATCHWORK, patsh'-wurk. n. s. Work made by 
sewing small pieces of different colours inter- 
changeably together. Swift. 

PATEl.pate. n.s. The head. Spenser. 

PA'TED, pa'-ted. a. Having a pate. It is used onlfc 
in composition : as, long-pated, or cunning; shallow^ 
paled, or foolish. 

PATEFA'CT10N,pat-te-fak'-shun. n.s. [patef actio, 
Lat.] Act or state of opening; declaration. Pear- 
son. 

PA'TEN, pat'-gn. 103. n.s. [patina, Lat.] A plate. 
Shak. The cover of the chalice used, in Romish 
churches, '.o hold particles of the host. Bp. Bedell. 

PA'TENT $, pat'-tent, or pa'-tent. a. [patens, Lat. ; 
patent, Fr.] Open to the perusal of all : as, letters 
patent. Leslie. Something appropriated by letters 
patent. Mortimer. Apparent ; conspicuous. Bp. 
Horsley. 

95= This word, when an adjective, is, by Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, and Buchanan, pronounced with the a 
long, as in paper ; but by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. 
Ash, Mr. Perry, and Entick, short, as in pat. But when 
the word is. a substantive, it is pronounced with the a 
short by Mr. Nares and all those orthoepists, except 
Buchanan. That the adjective should by some be pro- 
nounced with the a long, is a remnant of that analogy 
which ought to prevail in all words of this kind, 544; 
but the uniformity with which the substantive is pro- 
nounced, with the a short, precludes all hope of altera- 
tion. W. 

PA'TENT, pat'-te'nt. n. s. A writ conferring some 
exclusive right or privilege. Shakspeare. 

PATENTEE', pat-ten-tee 7 , n.s. One who has a pat- 
ent. Bacon. 

PATER-NOSTER, pa'-t&r-nos-tur. n.s. [Lat.] 
The Lord's prayer. Donne. 

PATE'RNAL§, pa-ter'-nal. 88. a. [paternus, Lat; 
palernel, Fr.] Fatherly ; having the relation of a 
father ; pertaining to a father. Shak. Hereditary ; 
received in succession from one's father. Drijden. 

PATE'RNITY, pa-teV-ne-te. n.s. [paternite, Fr.] 
Fathership ; the relation of a father. Raleigh. 

PATH^patfi.78,467. n.s. [pao,Sax.] Way; road; 

track ; a narrow way ; any passage. Job xxxviii 

To PATH*, phih. v. a. [peSSian, Sax.] To push 

forward ; to cause io go ; to make way for. Sfiak. 

PATHE'TICAL $, pa-2/ieV-te-kal. ) a. [nadrJTtKbg.] 

PATHE'TICK$, pk-thh' -i\k. 509. $ Affecting the 

passions ; passionate ; moving. Shakspeare. 
PATHETICALLY, pa-^et'-te-kal-le. ad. In such 

a manner as mav strike the passions. Dryden. 
PATHE'TICALNESS, pa-tfteY-te-kal-nes. n 
Quality of being patheticic ; quality of moving the 
passions. Blackicall. 



PA THFLY*, pUAMO. n. s. A fly found in foot-paths, 
supposed to live by sucking the ground. 

PATHLESS, paf/i'-lfe. a. tJntrodden ; not marked 
with paths, fiandys. 

PATHOGNOMiyNICK, pa-^6g'-no-mon'-ik. 509. 
a. [naOoyvwixoviKbs.] Such signs of a disease as arc 
inseparable, designating the essence or real na- 
ture of the disease ; not symptomatick. Quincy. 

0OT Mr. Sheridan has suppressed the g in this word as in 
gnomon, without considering that, when a syllable pre- 
cedes, the g unites with it, and is to be pronounced. 
Thus this letter is mute in sign, but pronounced in sig- 
nify. The same may be observed of resign and resig- 
nation, indign and indignity, k.c. W. 

PATHOLO'GICAL, patfi-o-ldd'-je-kal. a. Relating 

to the tokens or discoverable effects of a distemper. 

PATHOLOGIST, pa-^cl'-lo-jist. n.s. One who 

treats of pathology. 
PATHOLOGY §, pa-^ol'-lo-je. 518. n.s. [*dQos 
and Xiyw.] That part of medicine which relates to 
distempers, with their differences, causes, aud ef- 
fects incident to the human body. Quincy. 
PA'THOS*, pa'-tfi&s. n.s. [Gr.] Passion; vehe- 
mence; warmth; affection of mind; energy; that 
which excites the passions. Mason. 
PA'THWAY, paf/t'-wa. n.s. A road; a narrow way 

to be passed on foot. Prov. xii. 
PA'TIBLE, pat'-e-bl. a. [potior, Lat.] Sufferablej 

tolerable. Did. 
PATPBULARY, pa-tlb'-bu-la-re. a. [patibulaire, 
Fr. ; from patihulum, Lat.] Belonging to the gal- 
lows. Diet. 
PA'TIENCE §, pa'-shense. n. s. [Fr. ; patientia, Lat.] 
The power of suffering ; calm endurance of pain 
or labour. Shak. The quality of expecting long 
without rage or discontent. Ecclus. xx. Perse- 
verance ; continuance of labour. Harte. The 
quality of bearing offences without revenge or an- 
ger. Harte. Sufferance ; permission. Hooker. An 
herb. Mortimer. 
PA'TIENT, pa-'-shSnt. 463. a. [patient, Fr.; patiens, 
Lat.] Having the quality of enduring. Fell. Calm 
under pain or affliction. Shak. Not revengeful 
against injuries. Not easily provoked. 1 Thess. 
v. Persevering ; calmly diligent. Newton. Not 
hasty ; not viciously eager or impetuous. Prior. 
PA'TIENT, pa'-shent. n.s. [Fr.] That which re 
ceives impressions from external agents. Watts. 
A person diseased. It is commonly used of the re- 
lation between the sick and the physician. Sidney. 
It is sometimes used for a sick person. Dryden. 
To PA'TIENT, pa'-shent. v. a. To compose one's 
self; to behave with patience. Robinson. Ob. J. 
PA'TIENTLY, pa'-shent-le. ad. Without rage un- 
der pain or affliction. Milton. Without vicious im- 
petuosity. Hooker. 
PA'TIN, pul'-tln. 140. n.s. [patina, Lat.] The cover 

-of a chalice. See Paten. 
PA'TLY, peit'-le. ad % Commodiously ; fitby. Barrow. 
PA'TNESS*, pat'-nes. n. s. Convenience ; proprie- 
ty ; suitableness. Barrow. 
PA'TRIARCH §, pa'-tre-ark, 534, 353. n. s. [patri- 
arclwL, Lat.] One who governs by paternal right; 
the father and ruler of a family. Milton. A bishop 
superiour to archbishops. Raleigh. 
PATRIA'RCHAL, pa-tre-ar'-kal. a. Belonging to 
patriarchs; such as was possessed or enjoyed by 
patriarchs. Norris. Belonging to hierarchical 
patriarchs. Ayliffe. 
PA'TRIARCH ATE, pa-tre-ar'-kat. 91. ) 
PA'TRIARCHSHIP, pa'-tre-ark-shlp. \ *'*' 
[patriarchal ', Fr.] A bishoprick superiour to arch- 
bishopricks. Selcten. 
PA'TRIARCHY, pa'-tre-ar-ke. 505. n.s. Jurisdic- 
tion of a patriarch ; patriarchate. Brerewood. 
PATRI'CIAN,pa-tr?sh'-un. a. [patricius, Lat.] Sen- 
atorial ; noble ; not plebeian. Addison. 
PATRI'CIAN, pa-trfsh'-un. n.s. A nobleman. Shak- 
speare. 
PATRIMONIAL, pat-tre-m6'-ne-al. a. Possessed 
by inheritance. Temple. Claimed by right o( 
birth; hereditary. Dryden. 



PAT 



PAV 



H~T 559.— -Fate, far, flH, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pm ;- 



PATRIMO'NIALLY, pfit-tre-mi'-ne-al-le. ad. By 

inheritance. Davenant. 
PATRIMONY §, pat'-tre-mun-ne. [See Domes- 
tick.] h.s. [palrimcmium, Lat.] An estate possess- 
ed by inheritance. Bacon. 
PATRIOT §, pa'-tre-fit. 505, 534. n. s. [patriot, Fr. ; 
from putria, Lat.] One whose ruling passion is the 
love of his country. Bp. Hall. It is sometimes 
used ironically for a factious disturber of the gov- 
ernment. Dryden. 
PATRIOT*, pa'-tre-fit. a. Actuated by the care of 

one's country. Delany. 
PATRIO TICK*, pat-tre-of-lk. a. Full of patriot- 
ism. Farmer. 
PATRIOTISM, pa'-tre-fit-izm. 1G6. n.s. Love of 
one's country j zeal for one's country. Bp. Berkeley. 
2^PATRO'CINATE$, pa-tr6s'-se-nate. v. a. [pa- 
trocinor , Lat.] To patronise j to protect ; to defend. 
Diet. 
PATROCINATION*, pa-tr6s-se-na'-shun. it, s. 

Countenance ; support. Bp, Hall. 
PATRO'LS, pa-tr61e'. n.s. [patrouille, old Fr.] The 
act of going the rounds in a garrison, to observe 
that orders are kept. Those that go the rounds. 
Thomson. 
5^3= All our orthoepists give this word, both as noun and 
verb, the accent on the last syllable, except Mr. Nares, 
who wishes to reduce it to the accentual distinction so 
often observed, 492. Johnson's folio edition has the 
accent of both words on the first, but the quarto accents 
both on the last; and this accentuation, it is certain, is 
the most received among the polite world. W. 
To PATRO'L, pa-tr61e'. v.n. [pairouiller,Fr.yTo 

go the rounds in a camp or garrison. Blackmore. 
PATRONS, pa'-trfin. 16(5. n.s. [Fr. ; patrorws, Lat.] 
One who countenances, supports, or protects. 
Shak. A guardian saint. Spenser. Advocate ; 
defender ; vindicator. Hooker. One who has do- 
nation of ecclesiastical preferment. Wesley. 
PATRONAGE, pal'-triin-Mje. 90. n. s. Support ; pro- 
tection. Sidney. Guardianship of saints. Addison. 
Donation of a benefice j right of conferring a bene- 
fice. 
D5= That the first syllable of this word is short, while 
tiiat of patron is long, is owing to the shortening power 
of the antepenultimate accent. 503. W. 
To PATRONAGE, pat'-trfin-ldje. v. a. To patro- 
nise ; to protect. Shakspeare. 
PATRONAL, pal'-ro-nal. a. [patromis, Lat.] Pro- 
tecting; supporting; guarding; defending; doing 
the office of a patron. Brown. 
§CF This word, like matronal, has a diversity of pronun- 
ciation jn our dictionaries, which shows the necessity 
of recurring to principles, in order to fix its true sound. 
Buchanan places the accent on the first syllable; but 
whether he make3 the a long or short, cannot be known. 
Dr. Ash places the accent on the same syllable ; and, 
though he makes the a in matronal short, yet he makes 
the same letter in this word long, as in patron. Bar- 
clay and Fenning lay the stress upon the first of matro- j 
nal and on the second of patronal. Perry and Entick 
place the accent on the first of both these words, but 
make the a in matronal long, and the same letter in 
patronal short. Bailey accents the second syllable of 
this word. W. 
PATRONESS, p'i'-trun-es. n.s, [feminine of pa- 
tron.'] A female that defends, countenances, or sup- 
ports. Fairfax. A female guardian saint. Dry- 
den. A woman that hath the gift of a benefice. 
££5= I am well aware of the shortening power of the an- 
tepenultimate accent in patronage, patronise, &c, but 
cannot, as Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. 
Kenrick. and Mr. Perry, have done, allow it that power j 
in patroness, because the feminine termination ess is ! 
as much a subjunctive of our own as the participial 
terminations ing or ed, or the plural number, and there- 
fore never ought to alter tho accent or quantity of the ! 
original word.— See Principles, No. 386, 499. TV. 
PATRONLESS*, pa'-lrfin-l£s. a. Without a patron. 

Lord Shaftesbury. 
To PATRONISE, pat'-tr6-mze. 503. v. a. To pro- 
tect ; to support ; to defend ; to countenance. Bacon. 
PATRONISER*, pat'-tr6-nl-zfir. n. s One who 

countenances or supports. Skelton. 
PATRONY MICK, paMrkufm'-mik. 509, 530. n.s. 



[■Karpowuticds.] Name expressing the name of the 
father or ancestor : as, Tydides, the son of Tydeus. 

PATTEN of a Pillar, pat'-tfn. 99. n. s. Its base. 

Ainsworth. 
PATTEN, pat'-tln. 99. n. s. [patin, Fr.] A shoe of 
wood v^th#n iron ring, worn under the common 
shoe by women, to keep them from the dirt. 
Camden. 
PATTENMAKER, pat'-t?n-ma-kfir. n.s. He that 

makes pattens. 
To PATTER, pat'-tfir. 98. v.n. [patte,Fr.] To make 
a noise like the quick steps of many feet. Dryden. 
To PATTER*, pat'-tfir. v. a. [paetra, Sw. ; patteren, 

Arm.] To recite or repeat hastily. Chaucer. 
PATTERNS, pat'-tfirn. n.s. [patron, Fr. ; patroon, 
Dutch.] The original proposed to imitation ; the 
archetype; that which is to be copied ; an exem- 
plar. Hooker. A specimen ; a part shown as a 
sample of the rest. Swift. An instance ; an ex- 
ample. Hooker. Any thing cut out in paper lo di- 
rect the cutting of cloth. 
To PATTERN, pat'-turn. v. a. [patrxmner, Fr.] To 
make in .imitation of something; to copy. Shak. 
To serve as an example to be followed. Sidney. 
PATTY*, pat'-te. 7i.s. [pate, Fr.] A little pie; as, a 

xeal-patty. 
PATTYPAN*, pat'-te-pan. n. s. A pan to bake a 

little pie in. 
PAUCI'LOQUY, paw-sll'-i-kwe. 518. n.s. [pauci- 

loquium., Lat.] Sparing and rare speech. Diet. 
PAU'CITY, paw'-se-te. n. s. [paucitas, Lat.] Few- 
ness; smallness of number. Hooker. Smallness of 
I quantity. Brown. 
jTo PAUM*, parn. v. a. [from palm.] To impose by 

fraud. Swift. 
PAUNCE*, panse. n.s. A pansy. See Pancy. 

SpeJiser. 
PAUNCH $,pansh. 214. n. s. [panse, Fr.] The belly ; 

the region of the guts. Bacon. 
To PAUNCH, pansb. v. a.' To pierce or rip the bel 
Iy ; to exentefate ; to take out the paunch ; to evis 
cerate. Shakspeare. 
PAU'PER S, paw'-pfir. 98. n. s. [Lat.] A poor per 

son ; one who receives alms. Coivel. 
PAU'PERISM*, paw'-pur-lzm. n. s. The state of 

poverty. 
PAUSED pavvz. 213. n.s. [Fr. ; pansa, low Lat.; 
irdvu), Gr.] A stop ; a place or time of intermission. 
Hooker. Suspense; doubt. Shak. Break; para- 
graph ; apparent separation of the parts of a dis- 
course. Locke. Place of suspending the voice 
marked in writing thus — . A stop or intermission 
in musick. 
To PAUSES, pawz. 213. v.n. To wait ; to stop 
not to proceed ; to forbear for a time. Shak. 
deliberate. Knolles. To be intermitted. Tickell. 
PA'USER, paw'-z&r. 98. n. s. He who pauses ; he 

who deliberates. Shakspeare. 
PAUSINGLY*. paw'-zmg-le. ad. After a pause; 

by breaks. Shakspeare. 
PA' VAN, ) a ,/ s 5 n - s - [from Padua, where the 
PA'VIN, s P v " "• ^ dance is said to have been 

invented.] A grave kind of dance. Shakspeare. 
To PAVES, pave. v. a. [pavio, Lat.] To lay with 
brick or stone ; to floor with stone. Bacon. To 
make a passage easy. Bacon. 
PA'VEMENT $, pave'-ment. n. s. [pavimenlum,La.L] 
Stones or bricks laid on the ground ; stone floor. 
Shakspeare. 
To PA'VEMENT*, pave'-ment. v. a. To floor; to 

pave. Bp>. Hall. Ob. T. 
PA'VER, pa'-vfir. 99. ) n. s. One who lays with 
PALTER. pave'-yfir. 113. S stones. Gay. 
PAVI'LION S, pa-vll'-yfin. 113. n.s. [pavilion, Fr.] 

A tent ; a temporary or movable house. Sidney. 

To PAVILION, pa-vfl'-yfin.. u. a. To furnish with 

tents. Milton. To be sheltered by a tent. Pope. 



ft 



PAYING*, pa'-vlng. n 

or tile. 
PAVO'NE*, pa-vine', n.s, 

Lat.] A peacock. Spenser 



Pavement of stone, brick, 
[pavone, Ital.; pavo, 



PEA 



PEA 



—no, move, ndr, not;— tube, tab. bull ;— dil;— pdund;— thin, ruis. 



a. To pledge) to give in 



PAW}, paw. 219. «.*. [paiceti, Welsh.] Thcfootl 
of a l>enst of prey. Muton. Hand, in contempt. 
Dryden. 
To PAW, paw. v. n. To draw the tore foot along j 

toe ground. Job, xxxix. 
Tfe PAW. piw. p. a. To strike with a drawn stroke 
of the fore foot. Tickell. To handle roughly. To 
fawn : to flatter. Ainsworth. 
PA'WED, pawd. S5D. a. Having paws. Broad or I 

large footed. Sherwood. 
PA WKY*, paw -ke.tr. [paecan, Sax.] Arch; cun- 
ning : artful. Grose. 
PAWN J, pawn. u. s. [pond, Teut. ; pan, Fr.] Some- 
thing given to pledge as a security tor money bor- 
rowed or promise made. S/uik. The state of be- 
ing pledged. Shak. [peon, pion, old Fr.] A com- 
mon man at chess. Coicley. 
To PAWN. pawn. p. a. 1 

pledge. Shakspeare. 
PAWNBROKER, pawn'-bro-kur. n.s. One who 

lends money upon pledge. Arbuthnot. 
PAWNEE'*, paw-ne'. n.s. One to whom something I 
is intrusted as a security for money borrowed. 
Liitldon. 
PAX*, pales, n. s. [pax. Lat.] A sort of little image ; 
a piece of board, having the image of Christ upon 
the cross on it ; which the people, before the Refor- 
mation, used to kiss after the service was ended, that j 
ceremony being considered as the kiss of peojee. i 
The word has been often confounded with pix. 
Crow lei/. 
PAX-WAX*. See Pack w ax . 
To PAir§, jia. 220. v. a. [paier, Fr.] To discharge i 
a debt. Dryden. To dismiss one to whom any j 
thing is due with his money : as, He had paid his 
labourers. To atone; to make amends by suffer- 
ing. Locke. To beat. Shak. To reward ; to ! 
recompense. Dryden. To give the equivalent for j 
any thing bought. Locke. [In naval language.] 
To smear the surface of any thing with pilch, resin, 
turpentine, tallow, and the like. 
PAY, pa. n.s. Wages; hire; money given in return 

for service. Temple. 
PAYABLE, pa'-a-bl. 405. a. [paiable, Fr.] Due; 
to be paid. Bacon. Such as there is power to pay. 
South. 
PA YDAY, pk'-dk. n. s. Day on which debts are to 

be discharged or wages paid. Locke. 
PA'YER, pa'-fir. 98. n. s. [paieur, Fr.] One that 

pays. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
PA'YMASTER, pa'-ma-stor. n.s. One who is to 



Old Mor. oj 



pav ; one from whom wages or reward is received. 
Bp. Taulor. 

PA YMENT, pa'-m&it. n.s. The act of paying. Ba- 
con. The thing given in discharge of debtor prom- 
ise. Shak. A reward. South. Chastisement; sound ; 
beating. Ainsxcorih. 

PA YNIM*. See Paiki*. 

To PAYSE, paze. v. n. [pescr, Fr.] To balance. 
Spenser. 

PA' YSER, pa'-zur. n. s. One that weighs. Carew. 

PEA, pe. 227. n. s. [pisum, Lat. ; pipa, Sax.] A j 
plant. Miller. See Pease. 

§Cf* When the plural of this word signifies merely num- 
ber, it is formed by adding s ; as, li They are as like as 
two peas'' 1 When quantity is implied, e is added to s ; j 
as. •' A bushel of pease.'' The pronunciation, in both ' 
cases, is exactly the same: that is. as if written peze:, 

w. 

PEACES, pese. 227. n. s. [pah:, Fr. ; pax. Lat.] 
Respite from war. Addison. Quiet from suits or j 
disturbances. Davies. Rest from any commotion. ! 
Stillness from riots or tumults. Sluik. Reconcilia- \ 
tion of differences. Isaiah, xxvii. A state not hos- 
tile. Psalm, vii. Rest; quiet; content; freedom 
from terrour; heavenly rest. Judg.vi. Silence; 
suppression of the thoughts. Bacon. [In law.] That 
general security and quiet which the king warrants 
to his subjects, and of which he therefore avenges 
the violation : every forcible injury is a breach of 
the king's peace. 



PEACE, pese. interj. A word commanding silence. 

Siiinrii. 
PEACE-OFFERING, pese-of-fur-lng. n.s. Among 
the Jews, a sacrifice or gill offered to Cod for atone- 
ment and reconciliation for a crime or offence. 
Lev. iii. 
PEA CEABLE, pese'-a-bl. 405. a. Free from war j 
free from tumult. Swift. Quiet; undisturbed. 
Spenser. Not violent ; not bloody. Hale. Not 
quarrelsome ; not turbulent. Gen. xxxiv. 
PEA'CEABLENESS, pese'-a-bl-nfe. n. ft. Quiet- 
ness: disposition to peace, liimmond. 
PEA CEABLY,pese'-a-ble. ad. Without war : with- 
out tumult. Spenser. "Without tumults or commo- 
tion. Sirit't. Without disturbance. Shakspeare. 
PEA'CEBREAKER* pese'-hra-kur. n. s. One who 

disturbs the peace of the puqlick. Hoiydaj. 
PEA CEFUL, pose -fid. a. Quiet ; not in war : a po- 
etical word. Dryden. Paci/ick ; mild. Milton. 
Undisturbed; still; secure. Pope. 
PEACEFULLY. pe.?e'-ful-!c. ad. Million t war. 
Quietly; without disturbance. Dryden. Mildly j 
gently. 
PEA'CEFULNESSjpese'-ffil-nes. n.s. Quiet; free- 
dom from war or disturbance. 
PEA'CELESS*. pese'-les. a. Wanting peace ; dis- 
turbed. Sand us. 
PEACEMAKER, pese'-ma-kur. n. s. One who 

reconciles differences. Shakspeare. 
PEA'CEPARTED, pese'-par-ted. a. Dismissed from 

the world in peace. S!:akspeare. 
PEACHY petsh. 227. n. s. [pesclie, Fr.] A tree and 

fruit. Miller. 
PEACH-COLOURED, petsh'-kul-lurd. a. Of a col- 
our like a peach. Shakspeare. 
To PEACH §, petsh. 352. v.n. [corrupted from im 

peach.'] To accuse of some crime. Drvden. 
To PEACH*, petsh. r. a. To accuse. 

Hycke Scorner. 
PEA'CHER*, petsh'-ur. n. s. An accuser. Fox. 
PEA'CHICK, pe'-tshik. n. s. The chick of a pea- 
cock. Southern. 
PEA'COCK, pe'-kok. n. s. [perhaps a corruption 
of beojicoq, Fr. from the striking lustre of its 
spangled train.] A fowl eminent for the beauty of 
his feathers, and particularly of his tail. Shak- 
speare. 
PEA'HEN, pe'-hen. [See MA&kibb.J n:s. The fe- 
male of the peacock. 
PEAK'S, peke. *• * [peac. Sax.] The top of a hill 
or eminence. Prior. Any thing acuminated. 
Beaum. and Fl. The rising forepart of a head- 
dress. 
To PEAK, peke.#. «. To lock sickly. Shakspeare. 

To make a mean figure ; to sneak/ Shakspeare. 
PEA'KJSH*, pe'-kish. a. Denoting or belonging tea 

hilly or acuminated situation. Drayton. 
PEAL §, pele. 227. n. s. [perhaps from pello, pellere 
tympana, Lat.] A succession of loud sounds : as of 
bells, thunder, cannon. Bacon. A low, dull noise 
Shakspeare. 
To PEAL, pele. r. n. To play solemnly and loud. 

Milton. 
To PEAL, pele. r. a. To assail with noise. Milton-. 
To stir with some agitation : as, to peal the pot, is, 
when it boils, to stir the liquor therein with a ladle. 
Ainsworth. See To Keel. 
PEAR, pare. 73, 210. n.s. [pepa, Sax.; poire, Fr.} 
A fruit more produced toward the footstalk than 
the appie, but is hollow like a navel at the extreme 
part. Miller. 
To PEAR*. See To Peer. 
PEARCH, perish, n.s. See Perch. A long pole 

for various uses. [irtpicrf.'] A kind of fish. 
PEARCH-STONE, pertsh'-stone. n. s. A sort of 

stone. 
PEARLS, perl. 234. n.s. [perle, Fr. ; perla, Span.] 
Pearls, though esteemed of the number of gems by 
our jewellers, are but a distemper in the creature 
that produces them, chiefly the East Indian berbes, 
or j>earl oyster. Hill. Poetically : any thing round 
and cleat% as a drop. Drayton. 
677 



PEC 



PED 



0= 559.— Fate, far, fS.ll, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pm ;— 



a. Adorned or set with 
Gower. Resembling 



PEARL, pgrl. n. s. A white speck or film growing 

on the eye. Ainsworth. 
To PEARL*, perl. u. «. To resemble pearls. Spen- 

PEA'RLED, perld. 359, 
pearls ; made of pearls 
jbearls. P. Fletcher. 

PEA'RLEYED, perl'-lde. a. Having a speck in the 
eye. 

PEA'RLGRASS, perl'-gras. } p] . . 

PEA'RLPLANT ^rF-plant. i *l*£*r Am$ 

PEA'RLWORT, perl'-wOrt. S 

PEA'RLY, peVl'-e. a. Abounding with pearls ; con- 
taining pearls. Milton. Resembling pearls. Dray- 
ton. t 

PEARMAFN, pare-mane'. n. s. [parmain, Fr.] An 
apple. Mortimer. 

PEA'RTREE, pare'-tree. n. s. The tree that bears 

fears. Bacon. 
A'SANT§, pez'-zant. 88, 234. n. s. [paisant, Fr.] 
A hind ; %ne whose business is rural labour. Spen- 
ser. 
PEA'SANT*, pez'-zant. a. Rustick ; country. Spen- 
ser. 
PEA'SANTLIKE*, pez'-zant-llke. ) a. Rude ; un- 
PEA'SANTLY*, peV-zant-le. > taught; clown- 
ish ; resembling the behaviour of peasants. Milton.. 
PEASANTRY, pez'-zant-re. n. s. Peasants ; rus- 
ticks; country people. Sluikspeare. Rusticity. 
Sutler. 
PEA'SCOD, peV-kod. 515. ) n. s. The husk that 
PEA'SHELL, pe'-shel. ) contains peas. Wal- 
ton. 
PEASE, peze. n. s. [pi]"a, Sax. ; pois, Fr. Pea, 
when mentioned as a single body, makes peas in the 
plural; but when spoken of collectively, as food or 
a species, pease, anciently peason.~] Food of pease. 
Tusser. 
"?EAT, pete. n.s. A species of turf used for fire. Ba- 
con,. 
**EAT, pete. n. s. [from petit, Fr.] A little fondling ; 
a darling ; a dear plaything : now commonly call- 
ed pet. Shakspeare. 
PE'BBLE §, peb'-bl. 405. ) n. s. [pwbol- 

PE'BBLESTONE§, peb'-bl-stone. \ jtana, Sax.] 
A stone distinct from flints, being not in layers, but 
in one homogeneous mass. Popularly, a small 
stone. Sidney. 
PEBBLE-CRYSTAL, peb-bl-krfs'-tal. n. s. A crys- 
tal, in form of nodules. Woodward. 
PE'BBLED, peV-bld. 359. a. Sprinkled or abound- 
ing with pebbles. Thomson. 
PF/BBLY, peV-ble. a. Full of pebbles. Thomson. 
PECCABFLITY, pek-ka-bu'-e-*. n.s. State of be- 
ing subject to sin. Decay of Christian Piety. 
PF/CCA*BLE§, pek'-ka-bl. 405. a. [pecco, Lat.] Li- 
able to sin. Barrow. 
PECCADFLLO, pfik-ka-dfl'-lo. n.s. [Span. ; pecca- 
dille, Fr.] A petty fault; a slight crime; a venial, 
•offence. Bp. Hall. A sort of stiff ruff. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 
PE'CCANCY, pek'-kan-se. n. s. Bad quality. Wise- 
man. Offence. W. Mountague. 
PE'CCANT $, pek'-kanl. 88. a. [peccant, Fr. ; pec- 
cans, Lat.] Guilty ; criminal. Millon. Ill dispos- 
ed ; corrupt ; bad ; offensive to the body ; injurious 
to health. Arlndhnot. Wrong; bad; deficient; 
unformal. Ayliffe. 
PE'CCANT^gk'-kant. n. s. An offender. Whit- 
lock. Ob. T. 
PECCA 1 VI*, pek-ka'-vl. [Lat. A colloquial ex- 
pression still in use : as, He cried, Peccavi.'] I have 
offended. Aubrey. 
PECK, pek. n. s. [pocca,or perhaps pat, Sax.] The 
fourth part of a bushel. Mortimer. Proverbially, a 
great deal. [In low language.] Suckling. 
To PECK§, pgk. v. a. [becquer, Fr. ; picken, Dutch 
picka, Su. Goth.] To strike witn the beak as a bird 
Fanshawe. To pick up food with the beak. Dry- 
den. To strike with any pointed instrument. Ca- 
revo. To strike ; to make blows. South. To pick 
to throw. Shakspeare. 



PE'CKER, p&k'-kur. 98. n. s. One that pecks. A 

kind of bird ; as, the wood-pecker. Dry'den. 
PE'CKLED, pek'-kld. 359. a. [corrupted from spec- 
kled.] Spotted ; varied with spots. Walton. 
PE'CTINALS, pgk'-te-nal.n. s.[pecten, Lat.] Such 
fish as have their bones made laterally like a comb. 
Brown. 
PE'CTINATED, pek'-te-na-tgd. a. Standing from 

each other like the teeth of a comb. Brown. 
PECTIN A'TION^pgk-te-na'-shun. n.s. The state 

of being pectinated. Brown. 
PE'CTORAL^, peV-tur-al.557. [SeeDoMF.sTiac] 
a. [pectoralis, Lat.] Belonging to the breast. Mil- 
ton, 
PE'CTORAL, peV-t&r-al. 88. n. s. A medicine in- 
tended against diseases of the breast. Wisenum. 
[pectorale, Lat. ; pectoral, Fr.] A breastplate. 
Hammond. 
PE'CUL ATE §, pek'-ku-late. >n.s. [ pecula- 

PECULA'TIONS, pek'-ku-la'-shun. S tus, Lat.] 
Robbery of the publick; theft of publick money. 
Burnet. 
To PE'CULATE*, pek'-ku-late. v. a. [peculor, 

Lat.] To rob or defraud the publick. Burke. 
PE'CULATOR,pek'-ku-la-tur.521.re.s. [Lat.] A 

robber of the publick. 
PECULIAR §, pe-ku'-le-ur. 88. a. [peculiaris, Lat.] 
Appropriate ; belonging to any one with exclusion 
of others. Swift. Not common to other things. 
Hooker. Particular ; single. Milton. — To join most 
with peculiar is improper. 
PECULIAR, pe-kuMe-ur. n. s. The property ; the 
exclusive property. Milton. Something abscinded 
from the ordinary jurisdiction. Carew. 
PECULIARITY, 'pe-ku-le-ar'-e-te. n. s. Particu- 
larity ; something found only in one. Swift. 
To PECU'LIARIZE*, pe-kiV-le-ur-lze. v. a. To 

appropriate ; to make peculiar. SjiiUIi. 
PECULIARLY, pe-ku'-le-ur-le. ad. Particularly ; 
singly. Woodward. In a manner not common to 
others. Drayton. 
PECU'LIARNESS*, pe-kuMe-ur-nes. n. s. Appro- 
priation. Mede. 
PECUNIARY §, pe-ku'-ne-ur-e. a. [pemniarius, 
Lat.] Relating to money. Brown. Consisting of 
money. Bacon. 
PECU'NIOUS*, pe-ku'-ne-us. a. [pecunieux, Fr.] 

Full of money. Sherwood. Ob. T. 
PED, p§d. n. s. [commonly pronounced pad.~\ A 
small packsaddle. Tusser. A, basket; a hamper. 
E. K. Notes on Spenser-'s Shep. Cal. 
PEDAGOGICAL, ped-da-godje'-e-kal. a. Suiting 

or belonging to a schoolmaster. South. 
PEDAGO'GICK*, ped-da-godjeMk. a. Suiting a 

schoolmaster. Warton. 
PE'DAGOGISM*, pe^-da-gi-jizm. n.s. Office or 

character of a pedagogue. 
PEDAGOGUES, ped'-da-gSg. 338. n. s. [iraihayu)- 
yo?.] One who teaches boys ; a schoolmaster ; a 
pedant. Sir M. Sandys. 
To PEDAGOGUE, pld / -da,g6g. v. a. {vaitaywyi w.] 

To teach with superciliousness. Prior. 
PE'DAGOGY, ped'-da-god-je. n. s. [™«5«y«yf«.] 

Preparatory discipline. White. 
PE'DAL, pe'-dal. a. [pedalis, Lat.] Belonging to a 

foot. Diet. 
PE'DALS, p£d'-dals, or pe'-dals. n. s. pi. The large 
pipes of an organ ; so called because played upon 
and stopped with the foot. Diet. 
$gr- 1 have no doubt that Mr. Nares and Entick, whu 
adopt the first pronunciation, have the best usage on 
their side ; but am persuaded, that Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Scott, Buchanan, and Perry, who adopt the last, are 
more analogical. — See Principles, No. 543. W. 
PEDA'NEOUS, pe-da'-ne-fis. a. [pedaneus. Lat.] 

Going on foot. Diet. 
PE'DANT^, ped'-dant. 88. n.s. [pedant, Fr.] A 
schoolmaster. Shakspeare. A man vain of low 
knowledge. Addison. 
PEDA'NTICAL, pe-dan'-te-kal. )a. [pedantesque, 
PEDA'NTICK, pe-dan'-t?k. \ iFr. from pedant.] 
Awkwardly ostentatious of learning, ffatittoard. 
678 



PEE 



PEL 



— n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tnl>, bfill ;— 5il ;— pound ; — th\n, THis. 



PEDANTICALLY, pe-dan'-te-kal-e. )a,l. With 

PEDA'NTICKLY, pe-dan'-tlk-le. \ awkward 
ostentation ofliterature. Mo\t 

To PE'DANTIZE* ped'-dan-tlre. r. n. [peptizer, 
Fr.] To play die pedant ; to domineer over tads ; 
to use nedautical expressions. Cotgra *. Ob. T. 

PE'DANTllY, ped'-dan-tre. n.s. Awkward ostenta- 
. tion of needless learning-. Brown. An obstinate 
addiction to the forms of some private life, and not 
regarding - general things enough. Swi/'t. 

To PE'DDLE, ped'-dl. 405. v. n. [perhaps from 
jvttij. See Petty.] To be busy about trifles. 
Ainsworth. To sell as a pedler. Crown. It is 
commonly written piddle : as, What piddling work 
is here ? 

PE'DDLING, ped'-dl-Ing. a. Petty j trifling; unim- 
portant. Bp. Taylor. 

PEDERE'RO, ped-e-re'-ro. n.s. [pedrero, Span.] 
A small cannon managed by a swivel. It is fre- 
quently written paterero. 

PE'DESTAL.ped'-des-tal. n. s. [piedstal, Fr.] The 
lower member of a pillar 3 the basis of a statue. 
Dri/den. 

PEDE'STRIAL*, pe-des'-tre-al. a. [pedestris, Lat.] 
Employing the foot ; belonging to the foot. Moseley. 

PEDESTRIAN*, pe-des'-tre-an. a. On foot. 

PEDESTRIAN*; pe-des'-tre-an. n.s. One who 
makes a journey on foot ; one distinguished for his 
powers of walking. 

PEDE'STRIOUS, pe-des'-tre-fis. a. Not winged; 
going on foot. Brown. 

PE DICLE, ned'-de-kl. 405. n.s. [pedis, Lat. ; pedi- 
ade, Fr.] 1 he footstalk ; that by which a leaf or 
fruit is fixed to the tree. Bacon. 

PEDICULAR, pe-dlk'-ku-lar. a. [pedicularis, Lat.] 
Having the phthiriasis or lousy distemper. Ains- 
worth. 

PE'DIGREE, ped'-de-gre. ». s. [per and degre.] 
Genealogy ; lineage ; account of descent. Camden. 

PE'DIMENT, ped'-de-ment. n. s. [pedis, Lat.] [In 
architecture.] An ornament that crowns the ordon- 
nances, finishes the fronts of buildings, and serves 
as a decoration over gates ; windows, and niches. 
Diet. 

PE'DLER§, ned'-lur. n. s. [a petty dealer; a con- 
traction produced by frequent use.] One who trav- 
els the country with small commodities. Spenser. 

PE'DLERESS*, ped'-l&r-es. n. s. A female pedler. 
Overbury. 

PE'DLERY, ped'-lur-e. 98. a. Sold by pedlers. 
Bale. 

PE'DLERY*, ped'-lar-e. n. s. The articles sold by 
pedlers. Milton. The employment of selling petty 
articles. Johnson. 
PEDOBATTISM§, ped-do-bap'-flzm. „. s , [^^ 

and jSdTTTtfffia.] Infant baptism. Featley. 
85= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and several of our 
orthoepists in making the first syllable of this word 
short. I am authorized by the shortening power of the 
secondary accent, 530, notwithstanding the diphthong 
in the original, which has no more influence in this 
word than in Cwsarea, oeconomick, and a thousand 
otbers. TV. 

PEDOBATTIST, ped-do-bap'-tist. n.s. [™ l( 5os and 
j8airrioT//s.] One that holds or practises infant bap- 
tism. 

PEDO'METER*, pe-d6m / -e-tur. n. s. [pes, Lat. ; 
and /(frpov, Gr. ; pedometre, Fr.] A mathematical 
instrument, by the management of the wheels of 
wh'«ch, paces are numbered, and distance from one 
place to another exactly measured. 

To PEE*, pe. v. n. To look with one eye. Ray. 

PEED*, peed. a. Blind of one eye. Ray. 

To PEEL §, peel. 246. v. a. [peler, Fr. ; from pellis, 
Lat ] To decorticate ; to flay. Shakspeare. [piller, 
Fr] To plunder. Isaiah, xviii. 

PEEL, peel. n. s. [pellis, Lat.] The skin or thin rind 
of any thing. 

PEEL. peel. n. s. [paelle, Fr.] A broad, thin board 
with a long handle, used by bakers to put their 
bread in and out of the oven. B. Jonson. 

PEE'LED* SeePiELED. 



PEELER, peel'-ftr. 98. n. s. One who strips or flays. 

A robber: a plunderer. Tusser. 
To PEEP$, peep. 246. v. n. To make the first ap- 
pearance. Spenser. To look slily, closely, or cu- 
riously ; to look through any crevice. Spenser, 
[pipio, Lat.; piepen, Teut.] To chirp; to cry as 
young birds ; to utter in a small voice; to whisper. 
Is. viii. 
PEEP, peep. n. s. First appearance : as, at the peep 

of day. A sly look. Swift. 
PEETER, peep'-ur. 98. n.s. One that peeps. A 

young chicken just breaking the shell. Bramston. 
PEE'PHOLE, peep'-h6le. ) „ 

PEE'PING-HOLE, P eep'-ing-h6le. , *" *' 

Hole through which one may look without being 
discovered. Prior. 
PEER$, peer. 246. n. s. [pair, Fr.l Equal ; one of 
the same rank. Sliak. One equal in excellence or 
endowments. Chapman. Companion ; fellow. 
Spenser. A nobleman : of nobility we have five 
degrees, who are all nevertheless called peers, be- 
cause their essential privileges are the same. Shak. 
To PEER, peer. v. n. [perer, old Fr.] To come just 
in sight. Shakspeare. To look narrowly ; to peep. 
Sidney. 
PEERAGE, peer'-idje. 90. n. s. [pairie, Fr.] The 
dignity of a peer. Swift. The body of peers. 
Dry den. 
PEE RDOM, peeW-d&m. 166. n. s. Peerage. 
PEE'RESS, peer / -es. n. s. The lady of a peer ; a 

woman ennobled. Pope. 
PEE'RLESS, peerMes. a. Unequalled ; having no 

Deer. 
PEE'RLESSLY*, peeV-les-le. ad. Without an 

equal ; matchlessly. B. Jonson. 
PEE'RLESSNESS, peerMes-nes. n. s. Universal 

superiority. 
PEE'VISH^pee'-vish. 246. a. [pew, to complain.) 
Petulant ; waspish ; easily offended > irritable ; 
irascible ; soon angry ; hard to please. Slmkspeare 
Expressing discontent, or fretfulness. Sidney 
Silly; childish. Shakspeare. 
PEE'VISHLY^ee'-vlsh-le. ad. Angrily; querulous 

ly ; morosely. Hayward. 
PEEVISHNESS, pee'-vlsh-nes. n.s. Irascibility 5 

querulousness ; fretfulness ; perverseness. Locke. 
PEG§, peg. n.s. [pegglie, Teut.] A piece of wood 
driven into a hole. Baron. The pins of an instru- 
ment in which the strings are strained. Shak. The 
nickname of Margaret. — To take a peg loiver. To 
depress ; to sink : perhaps from relaxing the cords 
of musical instruments. Bp. Hall. 
To PEG, peg. v. a. To fasten with a peg. Siiak. 
PE'GGER*, peg'-gfir. n.s. One who fastens with 

pegs. Sherwood. Ob. T. 
PLGM*, pern. n. s. [irijy^a.] A sort of moving ma- 
chine in the old pageants. B. Jonson. 
PEISE*. n. s. [pesa, Span.] A weight, or poise; 

a blow ; a stroke. Spenser. Ob. T. 
To PEIZE §*. v. a. [peser, Fr.] To poise j to bal- 
ance; to weigh. Sidney. Ob. T. See To Payse. 
PELAGIAN*, pe-la'-je-an. n. s. One of the follow 
ers of Pelagius, a monk, at the beginning of the 
fifth century, who denied original sin, and main, 
tained free will and the merit of good works. Ar- 
ticles of Religion. Art. 9. Bp. Hall. 
PELA'GIAN*, pe-la'-je-an. a. Belonging to the no- 
tions of the Pelagian's. South. 
PELA'GIANISM*, pe-la'-je-an-fsm. n. s. The doc- 
trine of Pelagius and his followers. South. 
PELF, pelf. n.s. [pelfra, low Lat.] Money; riches. 

Sidney. 

PE'LFR Y*, or PE'LFRAY*, formerly used forp: v; 

PE'LICAN, pelMe-kan. 88. n. s. [xeXemv, Gr. ; pea- 

canus, low Lat.] A large bird that has a peculiar 

tenderness for its young, and is supposed to admit 

them to suck blood from its breast. Calmet. A 

glass vessel used by chymists : written alsr veUkane, 

and pelecan. B. Jonson. 

PELISSE*, pe-lees'. n. s. [Fr.; pelyce. Sax.] A 

kind of coat or robe. Gutlirie. 
PE'LLET§, pel'-lh. 99. n. s. [pila, Lat } pelo<e f Fr.] 



PEN 


PEN 


O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ; 


— me, mel 5 — pine, phi ; — 



A Hide ball. Bacon. A bullet ; a ball to be shot. 
Bacon. 
To PE'LLET* pel'-lft. v. a. To form into little balls. 

Sliakspeare. Oh. T. 
PE'LLETED, peF-lit-ted. a. Consisting- of bullets. 

Sliakspeare. 
PE'LLICLE, peT-le-kl. 405. n. s. [pellicula, Lat.] 
A thin skin. Sharp. It is often used lor the him 
which gathers upon liquors impregnated with salts 
or other substances, and evaporated by heat. 
PE'LLITORY, p&'-le-tur-e. 512, 557. n. s. An herb. 

Tate. 
PELLME'LL, pgl-meT. [See Mall.] ad. [pesle 
mesle, Fr.] Confusedly; tumultously; one among 
another ; with confused violence. Sliakspeare. 
PELLS, p&z. n. s. [pellis, Lat.] Clerk of the pells,, 
an officer belonging to the exchequer, who enters 
every teller's bifi into a parchment roll called pellis 
acceptorum, the roll of receipts; and also makes 
another roll called pellis exituum, a roll of disburse- 
ments. Bailey. 
PELLU'CID§, pel-lu-'-sid. a. [pellucidus, Lat.1 
Clear : transparent ; not opaque ; not dark. Howell. 
PELLUCI'DITY, pel-lu-sld'-e-te. In. s. Transpa- 
PELLU'CIDNESS, pel-lo/-sid-nes. $ rency; clear- 
ness ; not opacity. Locke. 
PELT §, pelt. n. s. [pellis, Lat.] Skin ; hide. Bp. 
Hall, [pelte, Fr. ; pelta, Lat.] A kind of buckler : 
more correctly written pelta. Addison. The quar- 
ry of a hawk all lorn. Ainsworth. A blow from 
something thrown ; a stroke. Ballad of St. George 
for England. 
PELT-MONGER, pelt'-mung-gur n.s. A dealer in 

raw hides. 
To PELT$, pelt. v. a. [contracted from pellet.] To 
strike with something thrown. Shak. To throw; 
to cast. Dryden. 
PE'LTER*, peF-tftr. n.s. A pinch -penny ; one with- 
ered with covetousness ; a mean, paltry wretch. 
Huloet. 
PE'LTING, pelt'-lng. a. Mean; paltry; pitiful. 

Sliakspeare. 
PE'LTING* pelt'-hig. n.s. Assault ; violence. Shak. 
PE'LTRY*, p*F-tre. n. s. [peltrie, old Fr.J Furs or 

skins in general. Smollett. 
FE'L VIS, peF-vis. n. s. [Lat.] The lower part of 

the beily. 
PEN §, p&i. n. s. [penna, Lat.] An instrument of 
writing. Shak. Feather, [penne, old Fr.] Spenser. 
Wing. Milton, [pennan, Sax.] A small enclosure 3 
a coop. Simkspeare. 
To PEN, p£n. v.a. pret. and part. pass. pent, [pen- 
nan and pynban, Sax.] To coop; to shut up; to 
incage ; to imprison in a narrow place. Sliakspeare. 
[from the noun ; pret. and part. pass, penned.] To 
write. Sidney. 
PENAL $, pe'-nal. 88. a. [penal, Fr. ; from poena, 
Lat] Denouncing punishment; enacting punish- 
ment. South. Used for the purposes of punish- 
ment ; vindictive. Milton. 
PENALITY, pe-nalMe-te. n.s. [^n«&>ldFr.] 
Liableness to punishment ; condemnation to pun- 
ishment. Brown. 
PENALTY, pen'-nal-te. n.s. [pena/iie, old Fr.] 
Punishment; censure; judicial infliction. Locke. 
Forfeiture upon non-performance. Sliakspeare. 
PENANCE, peV-nanse. n. s. [peneance, old Fr.] 
Infliction, either publick or private, suffered as an 
expression of repentance for sin. Spenser. Re- 
pentance. Combination, Comm. Prayer. 
PENCE, pe'nse. n. s. The plural of penny. St. Matt. 
PENCILS, pen'-su. 159. n. s. [penicillum, Lat.] A 
small brush of hair which painters dip in their col- 
ours. Hcylin. A black lead pen, with which, cut 
to a point, they write without ink. Watts. Any in- 
strument of writing without ink. [pennoncel, old 
Fr.TA little flag or streamer. Obsolete. Chaucer. 
To PENCIL, pen sll. 159. v. a. To paint. Shak. 
PENDANTS, pen'-dant. 88. n.s. [Fr.] A jewel 
hanging in the ear. Pope. Any thing hanging by 
way ofornament. Waller. A pendulum. Digby. 
A small flag in ships. 



PENDENCE, pen'-dense. n. s. Slopeness ; inclina 

tion. Wotton. 
PENDENCY, pen'-d.en-se. n. s. Suspense ; delay 

of decision. Ayliffe. 
PENDENT, peh'-rient. a. [pendens, Lat.] Hang- 
ing. Shak. Jutting over. Sluxk. Supported above 
the ground. Milton. 
PENDICE*. SeePENTicE. 
PENDING, pend'-hig. 410. a. Depending; remain- 
ing yet undecided. Ayliffe. 
PEN DULO'SITY, pGn-ju-los'-e-le. ) n. s. The 
PENDULOUSNESS, pen'-ju-hls-nes. \ state of 

hanging; suspension. Brown. 
PENDULOUS $, pen'-jii-lus. 376. [pen'-du-lus, 
Sheridan and Jones.] a. [pendulus, Lat.] Hang- 
ing ; not supported below. Shak. Doubtful; un- 
settled. Bp. Bull. 
PENDULUM, pen'-ju-lum. 293. n.s. [pendulus, 
Lat. ; pendule. Fr.] Any weight hung so as ihat it 
may easily swing backwards and forwards, of 
which the great law is, that its oscillations are al- 
ways performed in equal time. Hudibras. 
PENETRABLE §,pen'-ne-tra-bl. a. [Fr. ; penetra- 
bilis, Lat.] Such as may be pierced ; such as may 
admit the entrance of another body. Dryden. Sus- 
ceptive of moral or intellectual impression. Shak. 
PENETRABILITY, pen-ne-tra-biF-e-te. n. s. Sus- 
ceptibility of impression from another bodv. Cheyne. 
PF/NETRAIL, pen'-ne-trale. n.s. [penetralia, Lat.] 

Inleriour parts. Harvey. Ob. J. 
PE'NETRANCY, pen'-ne-tran-se. . n. s. Power of 

entering or piercing. Ray. 

PENETRANTS, pen'-ne-trant. a. [Fr.] Having 

the power to pierce or enter ; sharp ; subtile. 

Boyle. Having power to affect the mind. Barrow. 

To PENETRATES, pen'-ne-trate. v.a. [penetro, 

Lat.] To pierce; to enter beyond the surface; to 

make way into a body. Sliak. To affect the mind. 

To reach the meaning. Ray. 

To PENETRATE, pen/-ne-trate.91. v.n. To make 

way. Pope. To make way by the mind. Locke. 
PENETRA'TION, pen-ne-lra'-shun.rc.s. [Fr.] The 
act of entering into any body. Milton. Mental en- 
trance into any, thing abstruse. Watts. Acuteness; 
sagacity. Watts. 
PENETRATIVE, pen'-ne-tra-tiv. 512. a. Piercing; 
sharp; subtile. Wotton. Acute; sagacious; dis- 
cerning. Swift. Having the power to impress the 
mind. Sliakspeare. 
PE'NETRATIVENESS, p&F-ne-tra-tiv-nes. n. s. 

The quality of being penetrative. 
PENGUIN, pen'-gwfn. n. s. A bird. Sir T. Herbert. 

A fruit very common in the West Indies. 3Iiller. 
PENINSULA, pen-hV-shu-Ja. 452. n. s. [pene in- 
sula, Lat.] A piece of land almost surrounded by 
the sea, but joined by a narrow neck to the main. 
Ca7-ew. 
PENI'NSULATED, pen-ln'-shu-la-ted. a. Almost 

surrounded bv water. Wyndham. 
PENITENCE'S, pen'-ne-tense. )n.s. [Fr. ; pceni 
PENITENCYS.pen'-ne-tfo-se. \ tentia, Lat.] Re- 
pentance ; sorrow for crimes ; contrition for sin, 
with amendment of life or change of the affections. 
Dryden. 
PENITENT, pen'-ne-tent. a. [Fr. ; pamitens, Lat.] 
Repentant; contrite for sin; sorrowful for past 
transgressions, and resolutely amending life. Mil- 
ton. 
PENITENT, peV-ne-t&it. n. s. One sorrowful for 
sin. Bacon. One under censures of the church, 
but admitted to penance. Stillingjleet. One under 
the direction of a confessor. 
PENITENTIAL, pen-ne-teV-sha.1. a. Expressing- 

penitence ; enjoined to penance. Sliakspeare. 
PENITENTIAL, pen-ne-ten'-shal. n. s. [penitentiei T 
Fr. ; pcenitentiale, low Lat.] A book directing the 
degrees of penance. Ayliffe. 
PENITENTIARY, pen-ne-ten'-sha-re. n. s. [poeni- 
tentiarius, low Lat.] One who prescribes the rules 
and measures of penance. Bacon. A penitent ; 
one who does penance. Carew. The place where 
penance is enjoined. Ainsworth. 



PEN 












PEO 


— no, move 


nor. 


l.ot; 


—lulu' 


nil.. l.ull;-oil; 


— pound 


— nun, this. 



PENITENTIARY*, pen-ne-ten'-sha-re. a. Re- 
lating- to the rules and measures of penance, lip. 
BramhaU. 

PENITENTLY, pen'-ne-tent-le. ad. With repent- 
ance ; with sorrow for sin ; with contrition. 

PENKNIFE, pen'-nlfe. n.s. A knife used to cut pens. 
Bacon. 

PENMAN, peV-man. 88. n. s. One who professes the 
art of writing 1 . Masseij. An author ; a writer. Addis. 

PENMANSHIP*, pen'-man-ship. n. s. The use of 
the peir. art of writing. Masseij. 

PENNACHED, peV-na-tshed. a. [pennaclie, Fr.] 
Applied to flowers when the ground of the natural 
colour of their leaves is radiated and diversified 
neatlv without anv confusion. Evelyn. 

PENNANT, pen'-nant. 88. n. s. [pennon, Fr.] A 
small flag, ensign or colours. A tackle for hoisting 
thing's on board. Ainsworth. 

PENNATED, pen'-na-uM. a. [pennatus, Lat.] 
Winged. Pennated, amongst botanists*, are those 
leaves of plants that grow directly one against an- 
other on the same rib or stalk; as those of ash and 
walnut-tree. Quincy. 

PENNED* pSn'-ndd. a. Winged; plumed. Huloet. 

PE NNER, peV-nfir. n. s. A writer. Diary of Hen. 
Earl of Clarendon. A pencase. 

PENNILESS, peiv^ne-les. a. Moneyless; poor; 
wanting money. Arbuthnot. 

PENNING*, pen'-nlng. n.s. Written work; com- 
position. Sha/cspeare. 

PENNON, pen'-nfln. 166. n.s. [Fr.] A small flag 
or colour. Spenser, [penna, Lat.] A pinion. Milton. 

PENNY §, peV-ne. n. s. plural pence, [peni^. Sax.] 
A small coin, of which twelve make a shilling : a 
penny is the radical denomination from which Eng- 
lish coin is numbered, the copper halfpence and 
farthings being only nummorum famuli, a subor- 
dinate species of coin. Dryden. Proverbially : a 
small sum. SIwJc. Money in general. Dryden. 

PENNYRO'YAL ; or Pudding Grass, pen-ne-rde'-al. 
n. s. A plant. Miller. 

PENNYWEIGHT, pen'-ne-wate. n. s. A weight 
containing twenty-four gTains troy weight. So 
called from the ancient silver penny being of this 
weight. Arbuthnot. 

PE NNYWISE^n'-ne-wlze'. a. Saving small sums 
at the hazard of larger ; niggardly on improper 
occasions. Bacon. 

PENNYWORTH, pen'-ne-wurf/t. n.s As much 
as is bought for a penny. Any purchase ; any 
thing bought or sold for money. Spenser. Some- 
thing advantageously bought ; a purchase got for 
less than it is worth. Dryden. A small quantity. 
Swift. 

£5= This word is commonly, and without vulgarity, con- 
tracted into pennurth. W. 

PENSILE §, pen'-sll. 140. a. [pensilis, Lat.] Hang- 
ing ; suspended. Bacon. Supported above the 
ground. Prior. 

PENSILENESS, pen'-sil-nes. n.s. The state of 
hanging. Bacon. 

PENSIONS, pen'-shfin. 451. n.s. [Fr.] A payment 
of money; a rent. 1 Esdr. An allowance made 
to any one without an equivalent ; the allowance 
made as an acknowledgement for any eminent 
and distinguished services. Addison. 

To PENSION, pen'-sh&n. v. a. To support by an 
arbitrary allowance. Addison. 

PE NSIONARY, peV-shun-a-re. a. [pensionnaire, 
Fr.J Maintained by pensions. Donne. 

PENSIONARY*, pen ; -shun-a-re. n. s. One receiv- 
ing a pension, or annual payment. Injunct. by K. 
Edward VI. 

PENSIONER, pen'-shun-ur. 98. n. s. One who is 
supported by an allowance paid at the will of an- 
other; a dependant. Camden. A slave of state 
hired by a stipend to obey his master. Pope. One 
of an order ot students in the university of Cam- 
bridge. Dean Prideaux. One of an honourable band 
of gentlemen, attendant upon the king; estab- 
lished in the sixteenth century, and still continued. 

PENSIVE $,pen'-siv. 428. a. [pensif Fr. ; pensivo, 
86 



Ital.] Sorrowfully thoughtful; sorrowful; mourn- 
fully serious; melancholy. Hooker. 

PENSIVELY, pen'-siv-le. ad. With melancholy; 
sorrowfull v; with gloomy seriousness. Spensei-. 

PENSIVENESS,pen'-slv-nSs. n.s. Melancholy; 
sorrowfulness. Hooker. 

PENSTOCK*, pen'-st&k. n. s. [pen and slock.] A 
sort of sluice, placed in the water of a mill-pond ; 
a flood-gate. 

PENT, pent, part. pass, of nen. Shut up. Sliak. 

PENTACA'PSULAR, pen-ta-kap'-shu-lar. a. [Hv 
te, and capsular.] Having five cavities. 

PENTACHORD, pen'-ta-kord. n.s. [nivrs and 
Yop<5r/.] An instrument with five strings. 

PENTAE'DROUS, pSn-ta-e'-dr&s. a. [irhrt and 
£<5paJ Having five sides. Woodward. 

PENTAGON^, pen'-ta-g&n. 166. n.s. [rivre and 
ycovia.] A figure with five angles. Wotton. 

PENTAGONAL, pen-tag'-Q-nal. a. Quinquangu- 
lar; having five angles. Woodward. 

PENTAMETERS pen-tam'-me-tur. n. s. [pen- 
tametrum, Lat.] A Latin verse of five feet. Ad- 
dison. 

PENTA'METER*. pen-tam'-me-tur. a. Having five 
metrical leet. Dr. Warfon. 

PENTANGULAR, pen-tang'-gu-lar. a. {irivi-e, and 
angular.] Five cornered. Grew. 

PENTAPE'TALOUS, pen-ta-pel'-ta-lfis. a. [-xivre, 
Gr. and petala, Lat.] Having five petals or leaves. 

PENTARCHY*. ptW-tar-ke. n.s. [irivrc and a^ij.] 
Government exercised b}- five. Brewer. 

PENTASPAST, peV-ta-spast. n. s [pentaspaste, 
Fr. ; 7tevt£ and <n:d(o, Gr.] An engine with five pul- 
leys. Diet. 

PENTA'STICK, pfin-tasMfk. n. s. [-hre and ari- 
yoy.] A composition consisting of five verses. 

PE'NTASTYLE, pen'-ta-stlle. n. s. [nhre and cH>- 
Aoj.] [In architecture.] A work in which are five 
rows of columns. Diet. 

PENTATEUCH, pen'-ta-tuke. 353. n. s. [irhrt 
and tcvyos J The five books of Moses. Bentley. 

PENTECOST §, pen'-te-kojste. [pen'-te-koste, Sher- 
idan and Jones ; peV-te-kost, Perry.] n. s. [pen- 
fcecoyfce, Sax. ; KevreKoan), Gr.] A feast among 
the Jews. Calmet. Whitsuntide. Shakspeare. 

PENTECOSTAL, pen'-te-kos-tal. a. Belonging to 
Whitsuntide. Sanderson. 

PENTECOST ALS* pen'-le-kos-talz. n. s. pi. Ob- 
lations formerly made at the feast of Pentecost by 
parishioners to their parish-priest, and sometimes 
by inferiour churches to the mother-church. Coivel. 

PENTHOUSE. pent'-hMs. n. s. [pent, from pente, 
Fr. and house.] A shed hanging out aslope from 
the main wall. Sfuikspeare. 

PENTICE, peW-tfs, n. s. [pendice, ltal.] A sloping 
roof. Wotton. 

PENTILE, penMlle. n. s. [pent and tile.] A tile 
formed to cover the sloping part of the roof; they 
are often called j^nliles. Moxon. 

PENT up, p£nt. part. a. [pent, from pen, and up.] 
Shut up. Shalcspeare. 

PENULTIMA t, pe-nulMe-ma. n. s. The last syllable 
but one. 

PENULTIMATE, pe-nfil'-te-mate. a. [penuUimus, 
Lat.] Last but one. 

PENU'MBRA, pe-num'-bra. n. s. [pent and umbra, 
Lat.] An imperfect shadow; that part of the 
shadow which is half light. Neioton. 

PENU'RIOUSS, pe-nu'-re-us. a. [penuria, Lat.] 
Niggardly; sparing; not liberal; sordidly mean. 
Milton. Scant; not plentiful. Sliakspeare. 

PENU'RIOUSLY, pe-niV-re-us-le. ad. Sparingly; 
not plentifully. B. Jonson. 

PENU'RIOUSNESS, pe-nu'-re-us-nSs. n. s. Nig- 
gardliness ; parsimony. Addison. Scantiness ; not 
plenty. 

PENURY, peV-nu-re. n. s. [penuria, Lat.] Pov- 
erty ; indigence. Hooker. 

PE'ON*, pe'-un. n. s. In India, a foot-soldier ; one 
employed also as a servant or attendant. The 
original word is said to be peadah. The corrup- 
tion, peon, has passed into the French language, 



PER 



PER 



(J3= 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin 



and signifies a common man ir. the game of chess. 
See Pawn. Sir T. Herbert. 
PE ONY, pe'-6-ne. n. s. [pceonia, Lat.] A flower. 

Miller. 
PE'OPLE$, pee'-pl. 405. n.s. [peupk, Fr.; populus, 
Lat.] A nation; those who compose a community. 
Rev. x. The vulgar. Cowley. The commonalty 5 
not the princes or nobles. Sliak. Persons of a par- 
ticular class. Bacon. Men, or persons in general. 
Arbuthnot. 
To PEOPLE, pee'-pl. 256. v. a. [peupler, Fr.] To 
stock with inhabitants. Raleigh. 

PE'OPLISH^pe'-plish. a. Vulgar. CJuxucer. Ob. T. 

PEPA'STICKS, pe-pas'-t'iks. n. s. [neitaivw.] Medi- 
cines which are good to help the rawness of the 
stomach, and digest crudities. Diet. 

PE'PPER §, pep'-pur. 98. n.s. [peppop., Sax. ; pi- 
per, Lat.] An aromatick, pungent spice, of which 
there are three kinds ; the black, the white, and 
the long, which are three different fruits produced 
by three distinct plants. Hill. 

To PE'PPSR, pep'-p&r. v. a. To sprinkle with pep- 
per. Davies. To beat; to mangle with shot or 
blows. Shakspeare. 

PE'PPERBOX, pep'-pur-boks. n.s. A box for hold- 
ing pepper. Shakspeare. 

PEPPER-CAKE*. See Pepper-gingerbread. 

PETPERCORN, nep'-pQr-korn. n. s. Any thing of 
inconsiderable value. Boyle. 

PEPPER-GINGERBREAD*. pep'-pur-jm'-jur- 
bred. n. s. What is now called spice-gingerbread ; 
and, in the north, pepper-cake. Shakspeare. 

PE'PPERING*, pep'-pur-Ing. a. Hot; fiery; angry. 
Swift. 

PE PPERMINT, pep'-pfir-mlnt. n. s. Mint eminent- 
ly hot. 

PEPPERWORT, pep'-pflr-w&rt. n.s. A plant. 
Miller. 

PE'PTICK. pep'-tlk. a. ^ctttikos.] What helps di- 

festion. Ainswortli. 
',R SE*, per-se'. ad. [Lat.] By himself, herself, 
or itself, abstractedly. ShaJispeare. 
PER ACUTE, per-a-kute'. a. [peracutus, Lat.] 

Very sharp ; very vioient. Hai-vey. 
PERAD VENTURE, per-ad-ven'-tshure. ad. [par 
aventure, Fr.] Perhaps; may be; by chance. 
Hooker. Doubt ; question. South. 
To PE'RAGRATES. per'4-grate. v. a. [peragro, 

Lat.] To wander over ; to ramble through. Diet. 
PERAGRATION, per-a-gra'-shun. n.s. The act 

of passing through any state or space. Brown. 
To PERAMBULATE §, per-am'-bu-late. v. a. [per- 
ambulo, Lat.] To walk through. To survey, by 
passing through. Davies. To visit the boundaries 
of the parish. 
PERAMBULATION. peY-am-bu-li'-shun. n. s. The 
act of passing through or wandering over. Bacon. 
A travelling survey. Howell. A district; limit of 
jurisdiction. Ho/ydaij. Survey of the bounds of 
the parish annually performed. Homilies. 
PERA'MBULATOR*, p6r-am'-bu-la-tur. n.s. A 

wheel for measuring roads. Alingham. 
PERCA'SE, per-kase'. ad. [par and case.] Per- 
chance ; perhaps. Bacon. Ob. J. 
PE'RCEANT, peV-se-ant. a. [peccant, Fr.] Pierc- 
ing ; penetrating. Spenser. Ob. J. 
PERCEl'VABLE, per-se'-vu-bl. a. Perceptible; 

such as falls under perception. Locke. 
PERCEI VABLY, per-se'-va-ble. ad. In such a man- 
ner as may be observed or known. 
PERCEI'VER*, per-se'-vur. n.s. One who per- 
ceives or observes. Milton. 
PERCEFVANCE*, per-se'-vanse. n. s. Power of 

perceiving. Milton. 
To PERCEFVE $, per-seve'. v. a. [percipio, Lat.] 
To discover by some sensible effects. Shak. To 
know ; to observe. St. Mark, ii. To be affected 
by. Bacon. 
PERCEPTIBILITY, per-sep-te-b?l'-e-te. n.s. The 
state of being an object of the senses or mind; the 
state of being perceptible. Perception ; the power 
of perceiving. More. 



PERCETTIBLE §, per-sep'-te-bl. a. [Fr. ; percep- 
tus, Lat.] Such as may be known or observed. 
Bacon. Capable of perception. Bp. Greene. 

PERCF/PTIBLY, per-sep'-te-ble. ad. In such a 
manner as may be perceived. Pope. 

PERCEPTION, per-sep'-shun. n .s. [Fr. ; perceptio 
Lat.] The power of perceiving; knowledge; con 
sciousness. Bentley. The act of perceiving ; ob 
servalion. Notion ; idea. Hale. The state _pf being 
affected by something. Bacon. 

PERCETTIVES, per-sep'-tfv. 512. a. [perceptus, 
LatJ Having the power of perceiving. Glanville. 



pow- 



percteptfv)ty,^ 

er of perception or thinking. Locke. 
PERCH, pgrtsh. 352. n. s. [perca, Lat. ; perche, Fr.] 

A fish of prey. Walton. 
PERCH s s , peitsh. n. s. [perlica. Lat. ; perche, Fr.] 

A measure of five yards and a half; a pole. 

[perche^ Fr.] Something on which birds roost 

or sit. Dryden. 
To PERCH, perish, v. n. To sit or roost as a bird. 

Spenser. 
To PERCH, perish, v. a. To place on a perch. More. 
PERCHA'NCE, per-tshanse'. ad. Perhaps; perad- 

venture. Shakspeare. 
PE RCHERS, pertsh'-urz. n. s. Paris candles used 

in England in ancient times; also the larger sort of 

wax candles, which were usually set upon the al 

tar. Bailey, 
PERCFPIENT, per-slp'-pe-ent. a. [percipient, Lat.] 

Perceiving; having the power of perception. Bent- 

PeH'cFPIENT, per-sip'-pe-ent. n. s. One that has 

the power of perceiving. Glanville. 
PERCLO'SE, per-kloze'. n.s. Conclusion ; last part. 

Raleigh. Ob. J. 
To PE'RCOL ATE, per'-k6-]ate. v. a. [percolo, Lat.] 

To strain through. Hale. 
PERCOLATION, per-ko-la'-shun. n.s. The act 

of straining ; purification or separation by straining. 

Bacon. 
To PERCUSS §, per-kus'. v. a. [percussus, Lat.] 

To strike. Bacon. 
PERCU'SSION, peY-kfish'-un. n. s. [percussio, Lat..] 

The act of striking; stroke. Sliak. Effect of sound 

in the ear. Rymer. 
PERCUTIENT, per-ku'-shent. a. [percntiens, Lat.] 

Striking; having the power to strike. Bacon. 
PERDITION, per-dish'-un. n. s. [perditio, Lat.] 

Destruction ; ruin ; death. Bacon. Loss. Shak. 

Eternal death. Hooker. 
PE'RDU, per-du'. [peV-du, Perry.] ad. [perdu,Fr.] 

Close in ambush. South. 
PE'RDU*, per-du', or per'-du. n. s. One who is 

placed in ambush, or on the watch. Shakspeare. 
PE'RDU*, per-d>V, or peV-du. a. Employed on des- 
perate purposes ; accustomed to desperate pur- 
poses. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
PE'RDULOUS, peV-du-lus. a. [perdo, Lat.] Lost ; 

thrown away. Bramhall. 
PERDURABLE §, peV-diWa-bl. 293. a. [Fr. ; per 

duro, Lat.] Lasting; long-continued. Shaksjieare 

§Cf Mr. Nares tells us, that this word throws the accent 
back to the fourth syllable from the end, ♦hough the de- 
rivation demands it otherwise. I am sorry to differ 
from so judicious an orthoepist ; but cannot conceive 
that derivation requires the same accent as on durable, 
since this word is, like many others, considered as a 
simple, derived from the Latin pcrdurabilis, which, 
though not a classical word, is tormed in the Latin 
analogy, and has the same effect on English pronuncia- 
tion as if it came to us whole ; which effect is to place 
the accent in the anglicised word on that syllable which 
had a secondary accent in Latin, and that is the first. — 
See Academy and Incomparable. 

The reason that such a formative as perdurabilis may be 
admitted as the parent of perdurable, and not interferio 
that of interference, is, that we form interference from 
the verb to interfere, rather than from interferio, which 
is not a Latin word, though, perhaps, in the Latin anal- 
ogy of formation ; but we have no verb to perdure, from 
which to form perdurable, and therefore allowably fol- 
low the Latin analogy of formation, and the English 
analogy of pronouncing such forrpatives. — See Inter- 
682 



PER 



PER 



-116. move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub. bull ; — fill ; — pfiund ; — thin, Tiiis. 



riRENCi. Poetical authorities are decidedly in favour 

of this accentuation . 

« ; perdurable shume ! let's stab ourselves." 

Sliakspearc. 

" the vig'rous sweat 

" Doth lend the lively springs their perdurable heat." 

Drayton. 
'• Why would he, for the momentary trick, 
" Bo perdurably fin'd .' — Sfia kspea re. TV. 

PERDURABLY, peV-du-ra-ble. ad. Lastingly. 

Shakspeare. 
PERDURA'TION, peV-dii-ra'-shan. n. s. Long- con- 
tinuance. Ainsworih. 
PE RDY*, peV-de. ad. [a corruption of the Fr. oath 
pcqr Dieu.] A term of asseveration, frequent in our 
ancient poetry; certainly ; verily; in truth. Spaiser. 
Ob. T. 
PE' REGAL, per'-e-gal. a. [Fr.] Equal. Spenser. 

Ob. J. 
To PEREGRINATE y, peV-re-gre-nate. v. n. [per- 
fgrinus, Lat.] To travel ; to live in foreign coun- 
tries. Diet. 
PEREGRINATION, per-re-gre-na'-shun. v. s. 

Travel ; abode in foreign countries. 
PE REGRINATOR*, peV-re-gre-na-tfir. n. s. A 

traveller. Casaulxm. 
PE REGR1NE y , peV-re-gr?n. 150. a. [peregrin, old 
Fr. ; peregnnus, Lat.] Foreign ; not native 3 not 
domestick. Chaucer. 
PEREGRI'NITY*, per-re-grln'-e-te. n. s. [peregrin- 

ile, old Fr.] Strangeness. Cockeram. 
TbPEREMPTy, peY-emt'. v. a. [peremptus, Lat.] 

To kill ; to crush. A law term. Aylijfe. 
PEREMPTION, per-em'-shun. n. s. [peremptio, 

Lat.] Crush ; extinction. Law term. Aylijfe. 
PEREMPTORILY, per'-rem-rftr-re-le. ad. Abso- 
lutely; positively; so as to cut off all further debate. 
Daniel. 
PERE'MPTORINESS, per^-rem-tur-e-nes.412. n.s. 
Positiveness ; absolute decision ; dogmatism. Til- 
lotson. 
PEREMPTORY §, peV-rem-tur-e, or per-em'-to-re. 
512. [pgiy-em-tur-e, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] 
[See Domestick.] a. [peremptorius, low Lat.] 
Dogmatical ; absolute ; such as destroys all further 
expostulation. Hooter. 
55= If we consult our orthoe'pisls, there can scarcely be 
any two pronunciations more equally balanced than 
those that are given to this word. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Nares, Mr. Smith, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Mr. Scott, and 
Entick, are for the first; and Dr. Johnson, Dr. Keurick, 
Bailey, Buchanan. Barclay, Penning, and Perry, for the 
last; but, .notwithstanding the last lias these authorities 
fo support it, I am much mistaken if the first ha3 not 
obtained a complete victory. That there is a strong 
tendency, in words of this kind, to draw the accent high. 
is evident; it is as evident, likewise, that those polysyl- 
lables, which we derive from the Latin, incline to accent 
that syllable on which we place a secondary accent in 
pronouncing the original, (see Academy and Disputa- 
ble ;) and, provided there are no clusters of uncombin- 
able consonants in the latter syllables, there is no rea- 
son why this accentuation should be checked. This is 
the case with the word in question ; the p is mute, t is 
easily pronounced after em, and the whole termination 
is sufficiently smooth and voluble : but in perfunctory 
the case is different; the uncombinable consonants net 
are not to be pronounced without considerable difficul- 
ty, if we place the accent on the first syllable; and 
therefore this accentuation ought to be avoided as much 
as in corruptible, which see. The poets incline to the 
side I have adopted : 
"To-morrow be in readiness to go; 
" Excuse it not, for I am peremptory." — Shakspeare. 

"If I entertaine 
" As peremptorie a desire, to level with the plaine 
" A citie, where they lov'd to live ; stand not betwixt 

" my ire 
" And what he aims at."— Chapman. W. 

PERE NNIAL $, per-en'-ne-al. 113. a. [perennis, 
Lat.] Lasting through the year. Cheyne. Perpet- 
ual; unceasing. Harvey. 

PERE NNIAL* per-eV-ne-al. n. s. [In botany.] A 
plant, of which the roots will endure many years. 

FERE NN1TY, per-en'-ne-te. n.s. [perennUas, Lat.] 



ill seasons; perpetuity. 



retending to extreme perfection; a puritan. South. 
RFE'CTIVE. per-fek'-lry. 512. a. Conducing to 



Quality of lasting through 
Derhcm. 

PEKERRA'TION*, per-Cr-ra'-shfin. n. s. [percrra- 
tus, Lat.] Travel ; act of rambling through various 
places. ihwell. 

PE'RFECT $, peV-fekt. a. [perfect, old Fr. ; per- 
fectus, Lat.] Complete; consummate; finished; nei- 
ther defective Bor redundant. Hooker. Fully in- 
formed ; fully skilful. Shak. Pure ; blameless ; 
clear; immaculate. Dent, xviii. Confident; cer 
tain. Shakspeare. 

To PE'RFECT, peV-fekt. v. a. To finish ; to com 
pletc ; to consummate ; to bring to its due state. 1 
John. iv. To make skilful ; to instruct fully. Shale. 

PERFECTER, per'-fekt-fir. 98. n. s. One that makes 
perfect. Barron-. 

PERFE'CTlONy, per-fek'-shun. n. s. [perfectio, 
Lat.] The state of being perfect. Hooker. Some- 
thing that concurs to produce supreme excellence. 
In this sense it has a plural. Sidney. Attribute of 
God. Atterbury. Exact resemblance. 

PERFE CTIONAL*. plr-fcV-shfin-al. a. Made 
complete. Pearson. 

To PERFE CTION ATE, per-feV-shfin-ate. v. a. 
[perfectionncr , Fr.] To make perfect; to advance 
to perfection. Dn/den. 

PERFECTIONIST*, per-fek'-shun-lst. n. s. One 

£ret 
RFL'CTIYE, per 
1 bring to perfection. Mortimer. 
\ PERFE'CTDTELY, per-fek/-tiv-]e. ad. In such a 

manner as brings to perfection. Grew. 
PERFECTLY, per'-fekt-le. ad. In the highest de- 
gree of excellence. Totally ; completely. Locke. 
Exactly ; accurately. Locke. 
PE RFECTNESS, per'-fekl-nes. n. s. Completeness; 
perfection. Spenser. Goodness; virtue. Col. iii. 
Skill. Shakspeare. 
PERFFDIOUSy, per-fid'-yfis. 294. a. [perfidus, 
Lat.] Treacherous ; false to trust ; guilty of violated 
faith. Milton. Expressing treachery; proceeding 
from treachery. Milton. 
PERFFDIOUSLY, per-ffd'-yfis-le. ad. Treacher- 
ously; by breach of faith. Shakspeare. 
PERFIT/iOUSNESS, per-ffd'-yfis-ngs. n.s. The 
1 quality of being perfidious. Til/otsrm. 
j PERFIDY, per'-ie-de. n. s. [perfdia, Lat. ;perfidie, 
I Fr.] Treachery; want of faith; breach of faith, 

Warton. 
j PERFLABLE, peV-fla-bl. a. [perflo, Lat.] Having 
j the wind driven through. 
! To PERFLATE §, per-nate'. v. a. [perflo, Lat.] To 

blow through. Harvey. 
! PERFLATION, per-rla'-shCm. n.s. The act of 
blowing through. Woodward. 
To PERFORATE $, peV-io-rate. «. a. [perforo, 
Lat.] To pierce with a tool ; to bore. Bacon. 
\ PERFORATION, peV-fd-ra'-shfin. n: s. The act of 
\ pierciDg or boring. Bacon. Hole; place bored. 

Ray. 
I PERFORATIVE* peV-f6-ra-tiv. a. Having power 
j to pierce: applied to the chirurgical instrument 

called a trepan. 
PERFORATOR, per'-fo-ra-l6r. 521. n. s. The in 

strument of boring. Sliarp. 
PERFORCE, per-firse'. ad. By violence ; violently 

Spenser. Of necessity. Spenser. 
To PERFORM y^er-iorm', or per-f<W. v. a. [per 
formare, Ital.] To execute ; to do ; to discharge ; 
to achieve an undertaking; to accomplish. Sidney. 

$3= There is a wanton deviation from rule in the pro- 
nunciation of this word and its derivatives, which calls 
aloud for reformation. Pronouncing the last sylla- 
ble like form, a seat, is a gross departure from analogy; 
as will appear by comparing it with the same syllable 
in reform, conform, inform, deform, transform, &c. 
This errour seems chiefly confined to the stage, where 
it probably originated. It is not unlikely that some af- 
fected actor, to give the word a foreign air, first pro- 
nounced it in this manner; though, in justice to the 
stage, it ought to be observed, that it has less of this af- 
fectation than any theatre of elocution in the king- 
dom. W. 

G83 



PER 



PER 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, 



To PERFORM, per-fdrm'. v.n. To succeed in an 
attempt. Watts. 

PERFORMABLE, per-fcW-a-bl. a. Practicable ; 
such as may be done. Brown. 

PERFORMANCE, per-f6r'-mans. n. s. Comple- 
tion of something designed ; execution of something 
promised. Sliak. Composition; work. Dryden. 
Action: something done. Shakspeare. 

PERFORMER, per-fdrnV-ur. 98. n. s. One that 
performs any thing. Shale. It is generally applied 
to one that makes a publick exhibition of his skill. 

To PERFRPCATE, peV-fre-kate. v. n. [perfrico, 
Lat.] To rub over. Diet. 

PERFU'MATORY, per-fu'-ma-tur-e. 512. a. That 
perfumes. Leigh. 

PERFU'MES, per'-fume. 492. n.s. [parfume, Fr.] 
Strong odour of sweetness used to give scents to 
other things. Bacon. Sweet odour ; fragrance. 
Addison. 

$5= Fenning, Perry, Entick, Dr. Johnson, Buchanan, W. 
Johnston, and Kenrick, place the accent on the last syl- 
lable of this word, either when a substantive or a verb. 
As a substantive, Scott places the accent either on the 
first or last, and Sheridan on the first. Mr. Nares has 
shown at large, that the poets accent the substantive 
both ways ; but the analogy of dissyllable nouns and 
verbs seems now to have fixed the accent of the sub- 
stantive on the first, and that of the verb on the last. W. 

To PERFU'ME, per-f&me'. v. a. To scent; to im- 
pregnate with sweet scent. Siiakspeare. 

PERFU'MER^er-fiV-m&r. 98. n.s. One whose trade 
is to sell things made to gratify the scent. Bacon. 

PERFU'NCTORILY, per-funk'-tur-re-le. ad. Care- 
lessly; negligently; in such a manner as to satisfy 
external form. Clarendon. 

PERFU'NCTORINESS*, per-funk'-tur-e-nes. n. s. 
Negligence ; carelessness. Wliitlock. 

PERFUNCTORY §, per-f&nkMur-e. a. [perfunc- 
torius, Lat.] Slight; careless ; negligent. Bacon. 

95= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston, 
who accent this word on the first syllable ; but have Dr. 
Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Nares, Barclay, Fenning, Bailey, 
Buchanan, and Entick, on my side for accenting the 
second ; and this pronunciation, without any authority, 
would be more eligible than the other, from the difficul- 
ty of pronouncing the uncombinable consonants in the 
last syllables without the assistance of accent, especial- 
ly when we consider that the adverb perfunctorily and 
the possible abstract noun perfunctoriness must neces- 
sarily have the same accent as the adjective. — See 

PEREMPTORY,lRREFRAGABLE,andCoRRUPTIBLE. W. I 

To PERFU'SE, per-fiW. 437. v. a. [perfusus, Lat.] J 

To tincture ; to overspread. Harvey. 
PERGOLA*, peV-g6-!a. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of J 

arbour ; a covering with boughs. Finett. 
PERHA'PS, per-haps'. ad. \_per and Imp.'] Perad- 

venture ; it may be. Flatman. 
PE'RIAPT, peV -re-apt. n. s. {^Epidtrr^.] Amulet; 
charm worn as preservative against diseases or 
mischief. Shakspeare. 
PERICA'RDIUM, peV-e-kar'-de-um. 293. n. s. [^pi 
and KapSia, Gr. ; pericarde, Fr.] A thin membrane 
of a conick figure, that resembles a purse, and con- 
tains the heart in its cavity. Quincy. 
PERICA'RPIUM, pgr-e-kar'-pe-um. n. s. [ircpl and 
Kapnos, Gr.; pericarpe, Fr.] A pellicle or thin mem- 
brane encompassing the fruit or grain of a plant-Raw. 
ToPERPCLITATE^pe-rik'-le-tate. v.n. [pe- 

riditor, Lat.] To hazard. Cockeram. 
PERICLITATION, per-e-kle-uV-sh&n. n.s. The 
state of being in danger. Cockeram. Trial ; exper- 
iment. 
PERICRANIUM, per-e-kra'-ne-um. n.s. [Vep*, and 
cranium.] The membrane that covers the skull. 
Quincy. 
PERPCULOUSjpe-rlk'-ku-lus. 314. a. [periculosus, 
Lat.] Dangerous jjeopardous; hazardous. Brown. 
Ob. J. 
PERIE'RGY, per-e-er'-je. n. s. [irEpi and ipyov.] 
Needless caution in an operation ; unnecessary dil- 
igence. 
PERIGEE, per'-e-jee. > , 

PERIGE'UM^er-e-je'-um^SeeEuROPEAN.] y 1 ' s - 
[irepl and yr), Gr. ; perigee. Fr.] That point in the 



heavens, wherein a planet is said to be in its near- 
est distance possible from the earth. Harris. 

PERIHE'LIUM, peY-e-he'-le-om. n . s. [wpi and 
tj\ios ; perihelie, Fr.] That point of a planet's orbit, 
wherein it is nearest the sun. Harris. 

PERIL §, per'-rll. n. s. [peril, Fr.] Danger ; hazard ; 
jeopardy. Sidney. Denunciation ; danger denounc 
ed. Siiakspeare. 

To PE'RIL*, peV-ru. v.n. [per-iller, old Fr.] To 
be in danger. Milton. 

PERILOUS, peV-ril-fis. 314. a. [perileux, Fr.] Dan- 
gerous ; hazardous ; full of danger. Hooker. It is 
used by way of emphasis, or ludicrous exaggera- 
tion of any thing bad. Hudibras. Smart; witty; 
parlous. Shakspeare. 

PERILOUSLY, per'-rll-us-le. ad. Dangerously. 
Professor Benefteld. 

PE'RILOUSNESS, peV-ril-us-nSs. n.s. Danger- 
ousness. 

PERPMETER, pe-rW-me-rur. 98. n. s. [rcpl and 
[jLETpm, Gr. ; perimetre, Fr.] The compass or sum 
of all the sides which bound any figure of what 
kind soever, whether rectilinear or mixed. Newton. 

PE'RIOD^.pe'-re-ud. 166. n.s. [periode, Fr. ; * £ - 
pioSog, Gr.] A circuit. Time in which any thing 
is performed, so as to begin again in the same 
manner. Watts. A stated number of years ; a 
round of time, at the end of which the things com- 
prised within the calculation shall return to the 
state in which they were at the beginning. Holder. 
The end or conclusion. Burnet. The state at 
which any thing terminates. Digby. Length of 
duration. Bacon. A complete sentence from one 
full stop to another. B. Jonson. A course of events, 
or series of things memorably terminated ; as the 
periods of an empire. Tliomson. 

To PE'RIOD^e'-re-fid. v. a. To put an end to. Shak. 

PERIODICAL, pe-re-od'-de-kal. ) a. [periodique, 

PERIO'DICK, pe-re-od'-lk. 509. 5 Fr.] Circular; 
making a circuit ; making a revolution. Derhom. 
Happening by revolution at some stated time. 
Benlley. Regular ; performing some action at 
stated times. Addison. Relating to periods or 
revolutions. Brown. 

PERIODICALLY, pe-re-ad'-de-kal-e.arf. At stated 

£eriods. Broome. 
RIO STEUM, per-e-os'-tshum. n. s. \itzpl and dc- 
teov.] The membrane which covers the bones 
Cheyne. 

PERIPATF/TICAL*, per-e-pa-teV-e-kal. ) 

PERIPATE'TICK*, per-e-pa-tet'-ik. \ a - 
[■jrEpnrarririKb:.] Belonging to the Peripateticks ; 
denoting the Peripateticks. Hales. 

PEEIPATE'TICIS.M* per-e-pa-tef-e-sizm. n. s. 
The notions of the Peripateticks. Barrow. 

PERIPATE'TICK*, per-e-pa-leV-lk. n. s. One of 
the followers of Aristotle ; so called, because they 
used to teach and dispute in the Lyceum at Athens, 
walking about. Milton. Ludicrously used for one 
who is obliged to walk, who cannot aflbrd to ride. 
Tatler. 

PERFPHERY, pe-rlf-fe-re. n. s. j> £ p> and <pipu, 
Gr. ; peripherie, Fr.] Circumference. Gmcer. 

To PE RIPHRASE, per'-e-fraze. v. a. To express 
one word by many ; to express by circumlocution. 

PERFPHRASIS§, pe-rlf -fra-sls. 520. n.s. [iTEptypa- 
tiis, Gr. ; periphrase, Fr.] Circumlocution ; use of 
many words to express the sense of one ; as, for 
death, we may say, tlie bss of life. Watts. 

PERIPHRA'STICAL, per-re-fras'-te-kal. a. Cir- 
cumlocutory ; expressing the sense of one word in 
many. 

PEPJPHRA'STICALLY^per-re-fras'-le-kal-le.atf. 
With circumlocution. Boswell. 

PE'RIPLUS* per'-e-plfis. n. s. [irepirrXovs.] A voy- 
age round a certain sea or sea-coast ; circumnavi- 
gation. Dr. Vincent. 

PERIPNEUMONIA, per-fp-nu-mi'-ne-a. ) rQ 

PERIPNEU'MONY, per-ip-nu'-mo-ne. $ l&ec 
Pathognomontck.] n. s. [ixEp\ and irvivuwv, Gr. , 
peripneumonie, Fr.] An inflammation of the lungs. 
Harvey. 

684 



PKU 



PER 



-no, move, nor. not;— to.be, tub, bull;— oil;— pound;— thm, THis. 



PERI SCIAN*, pe-rish'-an. a. Having shadows all 

around. Brown. 
PERI' SCII*, pe-rlsh'-e-l. n.s. [Lat.j ir«p?«ioi,Gr.] 
Those who, living within the polar circle, see the 
sun move round them, and consequently project 
their shadows in all directions. Johnson. 
7\> PERISH $, peV-rish. u. n. [perir, Fr. ; pereo, 
Lat.] To die; to be destroyed; to be lost; to 
come to nothing. Job, xxxi. To be in a perpetual 
state of decay. Locke. To be lost eternally. 2 
Pet. ii. 
To PERISH, per'-rfsh. v. a. To destroy ; to bring 

to decay. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
PERISHABLE, per'-rlsh-a-bl. 405. a. Liable to 
perish } subject to decay ; of short duration. Ra- 
leigh. 
PERISHABLENESS, por'-rlsh-a-bl-nes. n. ». Li- 
ableness to be destroyed ; liableness to decay. 
Locke. 
PERISSO'LOGY*, per-is-sSl'-o-je. n. s. [mpiaaoXo- 
yin-] A figure of rhetorick, called also macrology. 
See Macrology. 
PERISTARTICK, per-e-stal'-tik. a. [*cpurr&\u, 
Gr. ; peristalliqiie, Fr.] Peristaltick motion is that 
vermicular motion of the guts, which is made by 
the contraction of the spiral fibres, whereby the ex- 
crements are pressed" downwards and voided. 
Quincii. 
PERISTERION, per-?s-te'-re-un. n. s. The herb 

vervain. Diet. 
PERISTYLE, per'-e-stlle. n. s. [peristik, Fr.] A 

circular range of pillars. Arbuthnol. 
PERISYSTOLE, per-e-s?sM6-le. n. s. [wept and ovc- 
roXfi-] The pause or interval betwixt the two mo- 
tions of the heart or pulse ; namely, that of the sys- 
tole or contraction of the heart, and that of diastole 
or dilatation. Diet. 
PERFTE*, pe-rlle'. a. [peritus, Lat.] Skilful. Whit- 

aker. Ob. T. 
PERITONETJMjper-e-to-ne'-um. 503. n.s. [-Ktpir6- 
vmov.] A thin and soft membrane, which encloses 
all the bowels contained in the lower belly, cover- 
ing all the inside of its cavity. Wiseman. 
PERIWIGS, peV-re-w?g. n. s. [perruque, Fr.] Ad- 
scititious hair ; hair not natural, worn by way of 
ornament or concealment of baldness. Shakspeare. 
To PE'RIWIG, per'-re-wlg. v. a. To dress in false 

hair. Sylvester. 
PERIWINKLE, peY-re-wmg-kl. n.s. A small shell 
fish ; a kind of fish snail. Peacham. A plant. Ba- 
con. 
PERJURE, peV-jure. n. s. [perjurus, Lat.] A per- 
jured or forsworn person. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To PE'RJURE §, per'-jure. v. a. [perju.ro, Lat.] To 

forswear; to taint with perjury. 1 Tim. i. 
PERJURER, per'-ju-r&r. 98. n. s. One that swears 

falsely. Spenser. 
PERJURIOUS*, per-ju'-re-us. a. Guilty of perjury. 

Sir E. Coke. 
PERJURY, peV-jur-e. n.s. [perjurium, Lat.] False 

oath. Shakspeare. 
To PERK$, p§rk. v.n. [from perch.] To hold up the 

head with an affected briskness. More. 
To PERK, perk. v. a. To dress ; to prank. Shak. 
PERK, perk. a. Pert ; brisk ; airy. Spenser. Ob. J. 
PERLOUS, peV-lus. a. [from perilous.] Dangerous; 

full of hazard. Spenser. 
PERLUSTRA'TION* pgr-l&s-tra'-shun. n.s. [per- 
lustratus, Lat.] The act of viewing all over. IIow- 
ell. 
PERMAGY, pei^-ma-je. n.s. A little Turkish boat. 

Did. 
PERMANENCE, per'-ma-nense. \ n. s. Duration ; 
PERMAN ENCY, per'-ma-nSn-se. \ consistency ; 
continuance in the same state ; laslingness. Boyle. 
Continuance in rest. Bentley. 
PERMANENT §, per'-ma-nent. a. [permanent, Fr. ; 
permanens, Lat.] Durable; not decaying; un- 
changed. Hooker. Of long continuance.*' Kettle- 
well. 
PERMANENTLY, per'-ma-nent-le. ad. Durably ; 
lastingly. BotjU. 



PERMA'NSION, peY-man'-sh&n. n. s. [permanea, 
Lat.] Continuance. Brown. 

PERMEABLE, per'-me-a-bl.^S. a. [permeo, Lat.] 
Such as may be passed through. Boyle. 

PERMEANT, peV-me-ant. a. [permeans, Lat.] 
Passing through. Brown. 

To PERMEATE $, ner'-me-ate. v. a. [permeo, Lat.] 
To pass through. Woodward. 

PERMEATION, per-me-a'-sh&n. n. s. The act of 
passing through. Bp. Hall. 

PERMFSCIBLE, pcr-m?s'-se-bl. a. [permisceo, Lat.] 
Such as may be mingled. 

PERMISSIBLE, per-mls'-se-bl. a. What may be 
permitted. 

PERMISSION, per-nnW-un. n. s. [Fr. ; permissus, 
Lat.] Allowance ; grant of liberty. Milton. 

PERMISSIVE $, pSr-m!s'-s?v. 158. a. [permitto, 
Lat.] Granting liberty, not favour; not hinder- 
ing, though not approving. Milton. Granted; suf- 
fered without hinderance ; not authorized or favour- 
ed. Bacon. 

PERMISSIVELY, per-m?s'-siv-le. ad. By bare al- 
lowance ; without hinderance. Bacon. 

PERMISTION, pe>-m?sMshun. 464. n. s. [permistus. 
Lat J The act of mixing. 

To PERMFT$, per-mlt'. v. a. [permitto, Lat.] To 
allow, without command. Hooker. To suffer, with 
out authorizing or approving. To allow ; to suffer 
1 Cor. xiv. To give up ; to resign. Milton. 

PERMFT,peV-mn. 492. n.s. A written permission 
from an officer for transporting of goods from place 
to place, showing the duty on them to have been 
paid. 

PERMFTTANCE, per-mft'-tanse. n. s. Allowance ; 
permission. Derham. 

PERMFXTION, per-mlks'-tshun. n. s. [permistus, 
Lat.] The act of mingling} the state of being 
mingled. Brerewood. 

PERMUTA TION, per-mu-uV-sh&n. n.s. [permuta- 
tio, Lat.] Exchange of one for another. Bacon. 
[In algebra.] Change, or different combination, of 
any number of quantities. Wallis. 

To PERMU'TE?, per-mute'. v. a. [permuto, Lat.] 
To exchange. Huloet. 

PERMU TER, per-mu'-tur. 98. n. s. An exchanger; 
he who permutes. Huloet. 

PERNFCIOUS§,pSr-n?sh'-us. 292. a. [perniciosus, 
Lat.] Mischievous in the highest degree ; destruc- 
tive. Hooker, [pernix, Lat.j Quick. Milton. 

PERNICIOUSLY, per-nlsh'-us-le. ad. Destructive- 
ly ; mischievously ; ruinously. Ascham. 

PERNFCIOUSNESS, per-nlsh'-us-neri. n.s. The 
quality of being pernicious. 

PERNFCITY, per-nfs'-se-te. n. s. Swiftness;, celeri 
ty. Ray. 

PERNOCTA'TION* per-nok-ta'-shun. n. s. [per- 
noctatio, Lat] Act of tarrying or watching all 
night. Bp. Taylor. 

PERORATION, per-i-ra'-shun. n. s. [peroratio, 

Lat.] The conclusion of an oration. Shakspeare. 
To PERPE'ND, per-pend'. v. a. [perpendo, Lat.] 
To weigh in the mind ; to consider attentively. Shak. 

PERPE'NDER, per-pen'-dur. n. s. [perpigne, Fr.] 
A coping stone. 

PERPE'NDICLE, per-pen'-de-kl. n.s. [perpendi 
cule, Fr.] Any thing hanging down by a straight 
line. Diet. 

PERPENDICULAR §, per-pen-dlk'-u-lar. a. [per- 
pendicularis, Lat.] Crossing any other line at right 
angles. Newton. Cutting the horizon at right an- 
gles. Brown. 

PERPENDICULAR, per-pen-dik'-u-lar. n. s. A 
line crossing the horizon at right angles. Wood- 
ward. A level. B. Jonson. 

PERPENDICULARLY, per-pen-dik'-ku-lar-le. ad. 
In such a manner as to cut another line at right 
angles. In the direction of a straight line up and 
down. More. 

PERPENDICULARITY, per-pen-d?k-u-lar f -e-te. 
n. s. The state of being perpendicular. Watts. 

PERPE / NSION,per-pen 7 -shun. n. s. Consideration. 
Brown. Ob. J, 

685 



PER 



PER 



0*559.— Fate, far, f&H, fat;— me, mel;— phie, pin;— 



PERPE'SSION*, per-pesh'-dn. n. s. [perpessio, 
LatJ Suffering. Pearson. 

To PERPETRATES, per'-pe-trite. v. a. [perpetro, 
Lat.] To commit ; to act. Dry Jen. 

PERPETRATION, per-pe-tra'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of committing a crime. Wotton. A bad action. 
K. Charles, 

PERPETUAL $, per-pet'-tshu-al. 461. a. [perpetuel, 
Fr. ; perpetuus, Lat.l Never ceasing 3 eternal, with 
respect to futurity. Holyday. Continual ; uninter- 
rupted; perennial. Milton. — Perpetual screw. A 
screw which acts against the teeth of a wheel, and 
continues its action without end. Wilkins. 

PERPETUALLY, per-peV-tshu-al-le. ad. Constant- 
ly; continually; incessantly. Dryden. 

To PERPETUATES, pgr-peV-tshi\-ate. v. a. [per- 
petuer, Fr. ; perpetuo, Lat.] To make perpetual ; to 
preserve from extinction ; to eternize. Addison. 
To continue without cessation or intermission. 
Hammond. 

PERPETUATION, pe>-p§t-tshu-a'-shun. n. s. The 
•act of making perpetual ; incessant continuance. 
Brown. 

PERPETUTTY, per-pe-trV-e-te. n. s. [perpetuiti, 
Fr. ; perpetuitas, Lat.] Duration to all futurity. 
Hooker. Exemption from intermission or cessa- 
tion. Holder. Something of which there is no end. 
South. 

7)^ For the reason that the t is not aspirated in this 
word, see Futurity. W. 

JtaPERPLE'XS, per-pleks'. v. a. [perplexus, Lat.] 
To disturb with doubtful notions ; to entangle ; to 
make anxious; to tease with suspense or ambigui- 
ty ; to distract. 1 Mace. iii. To make intricate ; to 
involve ; to complicate. Milton. To plague ; to vex. 
Granville. 

PERPLE'X, per-ple'ks'. a. [perplexe, Fr. ; perplexus, 
Lat.] Intricate; difficult. Perplexed is the word 
in use. Glanvilbe. 

PERPLE'XLY*, per-pleksMe. ad. Confusedly. Mil- 
ton. 

PERPLEXEDLY, per-pleks'-ed-le. 364. ad. Intri- 
cately ; with involution. Bp. Bull. 

PERPLE'XEDNESS, per-pleks'-ed-nes. 365. n. s- 
Embarrassment; anxiety. Dr. Hensliaw. Intrica- 
cy; involution; difficulty. Locke. 

PERPLE XITY, per-pleks'-e-te. n. s. [ perplexite, 
Fr.] Anxiety ; distraction of mind. Sidney. En- 
tanglement; intricacy. Stilling fleet. 

PERPOTATION, peY-po-ta'-shun. n. s. [per and 
polo, Lat.] The act of drinking largely. 

PERQUISITE §,peV-kw?z-it. 156. 71. s. [perquisitus, 
Lat.] Something gained by a place or office over 
and above the settled wages. Addison. 

PER QUISITED, peV-kw?z-?t-ed. a. Supplied with 
perquisites. Savage. 

PERQUISITION, per-kwe-zfsh'-un. n.* An accu- 
rate inquiry ; a thorough search. Bp. Berkeley. 

PERRY, peV-re. n. s. [poire, Fr.] A drink made of 
pears. Mortimer. 

To PERSECUTES, piV-se-kvjle. v. a. [persecute!-, 
Fr. ; persecutus, Lat.] To harass with penalties; to 
pursue with malignity. Acts, xxii. To pursue with 
repeated acts of vengeance or enmity. Wisdom, 
xi. To importune much: as, He persecutes me 
with daily solicitations. 

PERSECUTION, per-se-ku'-sh&n. n.s. [Fr. ; per- 
secute, Lat.] The act or practice of persecuting. 
Acts, xiii. The state of being persecuted. Lam. v. 

PERSECUTOR, per'-se-ku-t&r. 98. n. s. One who 
harasses others with continued malignity. Milton. 

PERSEVERANCE §, per-se-ve'-ranse. n.s. [Fr.; 
perseverentia, Lat.] Persistence in any design or 
attempt ; steadiness in pursuits ; constancy in prog- 
ress. Shakspeare. Continuance in a state of grace. 
Hammond. 

PERSEVERANT, per-se-ve'-rant. a. [Fr. ; perseve- 
rans, Lat.] Persisting; constant. Bp. Prideaux. 

PERSEVER ANTLY*,per-se-ve'-rant-le. ad. With 
constancy. Spiritual Conquest. 

To PERSEVERE, pSr-se-vere'. v. n. [persevero, 



Lat.] To persist in an attempt; not to give over ; 
not to quit the design. Spenser. 
95= Mr. Nares observes, that this word was anciently 
written persever, and accented on thedecond syllable: 

" say thou art mine. 

" My love, a3 it begins, so shall -persever.' 1 '' 

AWs well. &c Act IV. 

" Persever not, but hear me, mighty kings." 

King John, Act II. 

" But in her pride she doth persever still." Spenser. 
But that, before the time of Milton, the spelling and ac- 
centuation had been changed. 

" Whence heavy persecution shall arise 

" Of all who in the worship persevere 

" Of spirit and truth." Par. Lost, XII. v. 532. 

As this word is written at present, there can be no doubt 
of its pronunciation ; and that it is very properly writ- 
ten so, appears from other words of the same form — 
declare, respire, explore, procure, &c, from declaro, 
rcspiro, exploro, procuro, &c. ; and consequently from 
persevero ought to be formed persevere .- not one of our 
orthoepists place the accent on the second syllable ; 
yet, such is tho force of prescription, that the old pro- 
nunciation is not entirely rooted out, especially in Ire- 
iand, where this pronunciation is still prevalent. TV. 

PERSE VERKNGLY, per-se-vere'-mg-le. ad. With 
perseverance. Bp. Bull. 

To PERSISTS, per-s'fet'. 447. v. n. [persisto, Lat. ; 
persister, Fr.] To persevere ; to continue firm ; not 
to give over. South. 

PERSISTENCE, peV-sls'-tense. )n.s. The stato 

PERSISTENCY, pe^-sfs'-ten-se. ] of persisting ; 
steadiness; constancy; perseverance 111 good or 
bad. Gov. of the Tongue. Obstinacy; obduracy; 
contumacy. Shakspeare. 

PERSPSTIVE, per-sfs'-tlv. 157. a. Steady ; not re- 
ceding from a purpose ; persevering. Shakspeare. 

PERSONS, peV-sn. 170. [See Parson.] n.s. [per- 
sonne, Fr. ; persona, Lat.] Individual or particular 
man or woman. Locke. Manor woman, consider- 
ed as opposed to things, or distinct from them. 
Sprat. Individual; man or woman. Pearson. 
Human being, considered with respect to mere 
corporal existence. Dryden. Man or woman, con- 
sidered as present, acting or suffering. Bacon. A 
general, loose term for a human being ; one ; a man. 
Kicliardson. One's self; not a representative. Ba- 
con. Exteriour appearance. Shale. Man or wo- 
man represented in a fictitious dialogue. Hooker. 
Character. Bacon. Character of office. Shak. [In 
grammar.] The quality of the noun that modifies 
the verb. Sidney. Formerly, the rector of a parish. 
See Parson. 'Hollinshed. 

PERSONABLE, per'-sfin-a-bl. a. Handsome ; 

Saceful ; of good appearance. Raleigh. [In law.] 
ne that may maintain any plea in a judicial court. 
Ainsworth. 

§C?* As the in person is sunk, as in season, treason, &c, 
so this word, being a compound of our own, and pcrson- 
age coming to us from the French, we generally sup- 
press the ; but, as personal, personate, &c, come to 
us from the Latin, we generally preserve the 0. This 
is the best reason I can give for the slight difference we 
find in the pronunciation of these words ; and, if any 
one is inclined to think we ought to preserve the dis- 
tinctly in all of them, except person, and even in this, 
on solemn occasions, I have not the least objection. 
W. 

PERSONAGE, per'-sun-fdje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] A con 
siderable person ; man or woman of eminence. 
Sidney. Exteriour appearance ; air ; stature. 
Shakspeare. Character assumed. Addison. Char- 
acter represented. Broome. 

PERSONAL, peV-sfin-al. 88. a. [personel, Fr. ; per- 
sonalis, Lat.] Belonging to men or women, not to 
things ; not real. Hooker. Affecting individuals or 
particular people ; peculiar ; proper to him or her ; 
relating to one's private actions or character. 
Locke. Present; not acting by representative/ 
Wliite. Exteriour ; corporal. Addison. [In law.] 
Something movable ; something appendant to the 
person, as money ; not real, as land. Dairies. [In 
Grammar.] A personal verb is that which has all 
G80 



PER 



PER 



-no, move, ndr, n6t ;— -tube, tflb, bull;— fill ;— pound ;— th'm, THis. 



the regular modification of the three persons ; op- 
posed to impersonal that has only the third. 
PERSONAL*, peV-sftn-iU. n.s. Any movable pos- 
session ; goods : in opposition to lands and tene- 
ments, or real estate. 
PERSONALITY, per-s6-nal'-le-te. n. s. The ex- 
istence or individuality of any one. More. Re- 
flection upon individuals, or upon their private ac- 
tions or character. 

PERSONALLY, per'-sun-al-le. ad. In person; in 
presence ; not by representative. Hooker. With 
respect to an individual ; particularly. Bacon. 
With regard to numerical existence. Rogers. 
To PE'RSONATE, per'-sun-ate. [See Persona- 
ble.] v. a. To represent by a fictitious or assumed 
character, so as to pass fcr the person represented 
Bacon. To represent by action or appearance ; to 
act. Crashaw To pretend hypocritically. Swift. 
To counterfeit ; to ieign. Hammond. To resem- 
ble. Slwk. To make a representation of, as in 
picture. Shak. To describe. Slutk. [persono, Lat.] 
fo celebrate loudlv. Milton. 

To PE'RSONATE* per'-sun-ate. v. n. To play a 
fictitious character. Sir G. Buck. 

PERSONATION, per-sfin-a'-shun. n. s. The coun- 
terfeiting of another person. Bacon. 

PE RSON ATOR*, per'-s&n-a-tur. n. s. One who 
personates a fictitious character. B. Jonson. One 
who acts or performs. B. Jonson. 

PERSON IFICA'TION, per-s&n-ne-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. 
Prosopopoeia : the change of things to persons : as, 
" Confusion heard his voice." Warton. 

To PERSO'NIFY, per-son'-ne-fl. v. a. To change 
from a thing to a person. Ld. Chesterfield. 

To PE'RSONIZE*, per'-sun-lze. v. a. To personi- 
fy. Richardson. 

PERSPECTIVE $, per-speV-tlv. n.s. [perspectif, 
Fr.; perspicio, Lat.J A glass through which things 
are viewed. Denham. The science by which things 
are ranged in picture, according to their appear- 
ance in their real situation. Addison. View; 
vislo. Dryden. 

£5= This word, as may be seen in Johnson, was general- 
ly accented by the poets on the first syllable ; but the 
harshness of this pronunciation, arising from the uncom- 
binable consonants in the latter syllables, has prevented 
this pronunciation from gaining any ground in prose ; 
and it were much to be wished that the same reason had 
prevented the initial accentuation of similar words. — 
See Irrefragable, Corruptible, Acceptable, 
&.c. TV. 

PERSPECTIVE, per-spek'-t?y. a. Relating to the 
science of vision ; optick ; optical. Boccn. 

PERSPECTP7ELY*, per-spgk'-tiv-le. ad. Optical- 
ly ; through a glass ; by representation. Sliak. 

PE'RSPICABLE*, per / -spe-ka-bl. a. [perspicoMis, 
Lat.] Discernible. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. T. 

PERSPICA'CIOUS$, per-spe-ka'-shus. a. [perspi- 
car, Lat.] Quicksighted; sharp of sight. South. 

PERSPICA / CIOUSNESS,p§r-spe-ka / -shus-nes.rc.s. 
Quickness of sight. 

PERSPICACITY, peY-spe-kas'-se-te. n. s. [perspi- 
cacite, Fr.] Quickness of sight. Burton. 

PE'RSPICACY*, peV-spe-ka-se. n. s. [perspicacia, 
Lat.] Quickness of sight ; discernment. B. Jonson. 

PERSPFCIENCE, per-splsh'-e-^nse. n. s. [pei-spici- 
ens, Lat.J The act of looking sharply. Diet. 

PE'RSPICIL, per'-spe-sll. n. s. [perspicillum, Lat.] 
A glass through which things are viewed ; an op- 
tick glass. Crashaw. 

1'ERSPICU'ITY, per-spe-ku'-e-te. n. s. [perspicui- 
te, Fr.] Transparency ; translucency ; diaphanei- 
ty. Brown. Clearness to the mind ; easiness to be 
understood; freedom from obscurity or ambiguity. 
Dryden. 

PERSPI'CUOUSS, per-spik'-ku-fis. a. [perspicuus, 
Lat.] Transparent, clear; such as may be seen 
through ; diaphanous ; translucent. Peacliam. Clear 
to the understanding ; not obscure ; not ambiguous. 
Shakspeare. 

PERSPPCUOUSLY, per-spik'-ku-Me. ad. Clear- 
ly; not obscurely. Bacon. 



PERSPFCU0USNH6S, per-splk'-ku-fls-nes. n. $ 
Clearness ; freedom from obscurity. 

PERSPl'RABLE, per-spl'-ra-bl. a. Such as may b« 
emitted by the culicular pores. Arbuthnol. rev- 
spiring; emitting perspiration. Bacon. 

PERSPIRATION, per-spe-ra'-shun. n. s. Excre 
tion by the cuticular pores. Arbuthnot. 

PERSPPRATIVE, per-spl'-ra-tlv. 512. a. Perform 
ing the act of perspiration. 

PERSPFRATORY*, per-spl'-ra-tdr-e. a. Perspira 

tive. Bp. Berkeley. 
To PERSPI'RE$, per-splre'. v. n. [perspiro, Lat.] 
To perform excretion by the cuticular pores. To 
be excreted by the skin. Arbuthnot. 
To PERSPFRE*, per-splre'. v. a. To emit by the 

pores. Smollett. 
To PERSTRPNGE, per-strlnje'. v. a. [perstringo, 
Lat.] To touch upon ; to glance upon. Burton. 

PERSUA DABLE, per-swa'-da-b). a. Such as may 
be persuaded. 

PERSUA D ABLY* pgr-swa'-da-ble. ad. So as to 
be persuaded. Sherwood. 

To PERSUA'DE §, per-swade'. 331. t?. a. [persua- 
deo, Lat.] To bring to any particular opinion. 
Rom. xiv. To influence by argument or expostu- 
lation. Prrsuasion seems rather applicable to the 
passions, and argument to the reason ; but this is 
not always observed. Sidney. To inculcate by 
argument or expostulation. Bp. Taylor. To treat 
by persuasion ; not in use. Shakspeare. 

PERSUA'DE*, per-swade 7 . n.s. Persuasion. Soh- 
man and Perseaa. Ob. T. 

PERSUADER, per-swa'-d&r. 98. n.s. One who 
influences by persuasion ; an importunate adviser. 
Bacon. 

PERSUASIBFLITY*, per-swa-se-bfl'-e-te. n. s. 
Capability of being persuaded. Hallywell. 

PERSLA'SIBLE^, per-swa'-ze-bl. 439. a. [persua* 
sibilis, Lat.] To be influenced by persuasion:. 
Government of the Tongue. 

PERSUA'SIBLENESS, per-swa'-ze-bl-n&s. 439v 
n.s. The quality of being flexible by persuasion. 

PERSUA'SION, per-swa'-zhun. n. s. [Fr.l The acl 
of persuading ; the act of influencing by expostula- 
tion; the act of gaining or attempting the passions. 
Otway. The state of being persuaded ; opinion. 
Hooker. 

PERSUA'SP/E, per-swa'-slv. 428. a. [pe?'suasif, 
Fr.] Having the power of persuading ; having in- 
fluence on the passions. Hooker. 

PERSUASIVE*, pcr-swa'-slv. n.s. Exhortation; 
argument or importunity employed to direct the 
mind to any purpose or pursuit. South. 

PERSUASIVELY, per-swa'-slv-le. ad. In such a 
manner as to persuade. Milton. 

PERSUASIVENESS, per-swa'-slv-nes. n.s. Influ- 
ence on the passions. Hammond. 

PERSUA'SORY, per-swa'-sfir-e. 429, 512, 557. a, 
[persuasorius, Lat.] Having the power to per- 
suade. Brown. 

PERT §, pert. a. [pert, Welsh ; pert, Dutch.] Live- 
ly ; brisk ; smart. Milton. Saucy ; petulant ; with 
bold and garrulous loquacity. Collier. 

PERT* pgrt. n. s. An assuming, over-forward, or 
impertinent person. Goldsmith. 

To PERTA'IN $, per-lane'. v. n. [pertineo, Lat.J 
To belong ; to relate. Hay ward. 

PERTEREBRA'TION, pjr-ter-e-bra'-shun. n. s. 
[per and terebratio, Lat.] The act of boring through, 
Ainsworlh. ., 

PERTINA'CIOUS, per-te-na'-shus. a. Obstinate, 
stubborn; perversely resolute. Walton. Resolute; 
constant ; steady. South. 

PERTINACIOUSLY, per-te-na'-shus-le. ad. Ob 
stinately ; stubbornly. KingOmrks. 

PERTINA'CIOUSNESS, per-te-na'-shfis-nes. ) 

PERTINA'CITY, per-te-nas'-se-te. S 

n.s. [pertinacia, Lat.] Obstinacy; stubbornness. 
Brown. , . " ■ 

PE'RTINACYS, peV-te-na-se. n.s. [perhnax, Lat.J 
Obstinacy; stubbornness; persistency. Dvppa. 
Resolution ; steadiness ; constancy. Bp. Taylor. 
687 



PER 












PET 


0*559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fall, fat ; 


— me, met ; 


— pine 


pin;— 



PE'RTINENCE, perMe-ngnse. )n. s. [pertineo, 

PE'RTINENCY, peV-te-nen-se. \ Lat.] Justness 

of relation to the matter in hand ; propriety to the 

Purpose; appositeness. Bentley. 
'RTINENTS, peV-te-nent. a. [pertinens, Lat.; 
-pertinent, Fr.] Related to the matter in hand ; just to 
the purpose ; not useless to the end proposed ; ap- 
posite. Bacon. Relating; regarding; concern- 
ing. Hooker. 

PE'RTINENTLY, per'-te-nent-le. ad. Appositely ; 
to the purpose. Bp. Taylor. 

PE'RTINENTNESS, perMe-nent-nes. n. s. Appo- 
siteness. Diet. 

PERTI'NGENT, per-tin'-jent. a. [pertingens, Lat.] 
Reaching to ; touching. 

PE'RTLY, pert'-le. ad. Briskly; smartly. Pope. 
Saucily; petulantly. Swift. 

PE'RTNESS, oert'-nes. n. s. Brisk folly ; sauciness; 
petulance. Pope. Petty liveliness; sprightliness 
without force, dignity, or solidity. Watts. 

PERTRA'NSIENT, per-tran'-she-ent. a. [pertran- 
siens, Lat.] Passing over. Diet. 

ToPERTlPRB^oer-turb'. )v. a. [per- 

To PERTU'RBATE §, per-uV-bate. S turbo, Lat.] 
To disquiet ; to disturb; to deprive of tranquillity. 
Shdk. To disorder; to confuse; to put out of 
regularity. Bp. Hall. 

PERTURBATION, per-tur-ba'-shun. n.s. [pertur- 
batio, Lat.] Disquiet of mind ; deprivation of tran- 

Suillity. Milton. Restlessness of passions. Bacon. 
disturbance; disorder; confusion ; commotion. Ba- 
con. Cause of disquiet. Shak. Commotion of pas- 
sions. B. Jonson. 
PERTURBA'TOR, per-tur-ba'-tur. 314. [per'-tur- 
ba-tur, Sheridan.'] n. s. [Lat.] Raiser of commo- 
tions. 
PERTU'RBER*, per-tuV-bur. n. s. A disturber. 

Sir G. Paid. 
PERTU'SED §, per-tuz'd'. a. [pertusus, Lat.] Bored ; 

punched ; pierced with holes. Diet. 
PERTU'SION, per-uV-zhftn. n.s. The act of pierc- 
ing or punching. Arbuthnot. Hole made by 
punching or piercing. Bacon. 
PE'RUKE §, peV-ruke. n. s. [permque, Fr.] A cap 

of false hair ; a periwig. Bp. Taijlor. 
To PE'RUKE; peV-ruke. v. a. To dress in adsciti- 

tious hair. 
PE'RUKEMAKER, peV-ruke-ma-kur. n. s. A 

maker of perukes ; a wigmaker. 
PERU'S AL, pe-ru'-zal. 88. n. s. The act of reading. 

Woodward. Examination. Toiler. 
To PERU'SE§, pe-riW. v. a. [per and use.] To 

read. Bacon. To observe ; to examine. Miliati. 
PERU'SER, pe-nV-zur. 98. n. s. A reader ; exam- 
iner. Bale. 
To PERVADE $, per-vade'. v. a. [permdo, Lat.] 
To pass through an aperture ; to permeate. Black- 
more. To pass through the whole extension. Bent- 
ley. 
PERVA'SION, per-va'-zhfin. n. s. The act of per- 
vading or passing through. Boyle. 
PERVA'SIVE*, per-va'-siv. a. Having power to 

pervade. Shenstone. 
PERVE'RSE$, per-verse'. a. [pervers, Fr.; perver- 
sus, Lat.] Distorted from the right. Milton. Obsti- 
nate in the wrong ; stubborn ; untractable. Milton. 
Petulant; vexatious; peevish; desirous to cross 
•lid vex ; cross. Shakspeare. 
rERVE'RSELY, per-vfrs'-le. ad. With intent to 
vex; peevishly; vexatiously; spitefully; crossly; 
with petty malignity. Iiocke. 
PERVERSENESS.per-vers'-nes. n.s. Petulance; 
peevishness ; spiteful crossness. Donne. Perver- 
sion ; corruption. Bacon. 
PERVE'RSION, per-veV-shun.n.s.rFr.] The act 
of perverting ; change to something worse. Ba- 
con. 
PERVE'RSITY, per-veV-se-te. n. s. [perversite, 

Fr.] Perverseness ; crossness. Norris. 
PERVE'RSIVE*, per-veY-s?v. a. Having power to 

corrupt, or turn from right to wrong. 
To PERVE'RT §, per-vert'. v. a. [perverto, Lat.] 



To distort from the true end or purpose. Spenser 
To corrupt ; to turn from the right. Milton. 

PERVE'RTER, per-vert'-fir. 98. n. s. One that 
changes any thing from good to bad ; a corrupter. 
South. One that distorts any thing from the right 
purpose. Stilling fleet. 

PERVERTIBLE, per-v£rt'-te-bl. a. That may be 

easily perverted. W. Mountague. 
To PERVE'STIGATE§*, peY-veV-te-gate. r. a. 
[percestigo, Lat.] To find out by searching. Cock- 
eram. 

PERVESTIGATION*, per-vSs-te-ga'-shfin. n. s. 
[pervestigatio, Lat.] A diligent inquiry, or search 
after. Chillingworth. 

PERVICACIOUSS, per-ve-ka'-shus. a. [pervicax, 
Lat.] Spitefully obstinate ; peevishly contumacious. 
Dentuim. 

PERVICA'CIOUSLY, per-ve-ka'-shus-le. ad. With 
spiteful obstinacy. 

PERVICA'CIOUSNESS.per-ve-ka'-shus-nes^.) 

PERVICA'CITY, per-ve-kas'-se-te. > 

PE'RVICACY, peV-ve-kas-£. > 

n. s. [pervicacia, Lat.] Spiteful obstinacy. Bent- 
ley. 

PE'RVIOUS^, peV-ve-us. a. [pervius, Lat.] Admit- 
ting passage ; capable of being permeated, bp. 
Taylor. Pervading; permeating. This sense is 
not proper. Prior. 

PE'RVl6uSNESS, peV-ve-us-nes. n. s. Quality of 
admitting a passage. Boyle. 

PE'RVIS*. SeePARvis. 

PESA'DE, pe-sade'. n. s. A motion a horse makes in 
raising or lifting up his forequarters, keeping his 
hind legs upon the ground without stirring. Far- 
rier's Diet. 

PE'SSARY, peV-sa-re. n. s. [pessaire, Fr.] An ob- 
long form of medicine, made to thrust up into the 
uterus upon some extraordinary occasions. Ar- 
buthnot. 

PEST§, p&st. n. s. [peste, Fr.; pestis, Lat.] Plague; 
pestilence. Pope. Any thing mischievous or de- 
structive. South. 

To PE'STER §, peV-iiir. 98. v. a. [pester, Fr.] To 
disturb; to perplex; to harass; to turmoil. More, 
[pesta, Ital.] To encumber. Bp. Hall. 

PE'STERER, pes'-tur-ur. 555. n. s. One that pes- 
ters or disturbs. 

PE'STEROUS, peV-tur-us. 314. a. Encumbering ; 
cumbersome. Bacon. 

PE'STHOUSE, pgst'-hSuse. n.s. An hospital for 
persons infected with the plague. South. 

PE'STIDUCT*, pes'-te-dukt. n. s. [pestis and duco, 
Lat.] That which conveys or brings contagion. 
Donne. 

PESTFFEROUS, pes-tif-fer-us. a. [pestifer, Lat.] 
Destructive ; mischievous. Abp. Cranmer. Pesti- 
lential ; malignant; infectious. Milton. 

PESTILENCES, peV-te-lense. n. s. [old Fr. ; pesti- 
lentia, Lat.] Plague; pest; contagious distemper. 
Ps. xci. 

PE'STILENT, peV-te-lent. a. [Fr. ; pestilens, Lat.] 
Producing plagues ; malignant. Bacon. Mischiev 
ous ; destructive : applied to things. Hooker. Mis 
chievous : applied to persons. Acts, xxiv. 

PESTILENTIAL, pes-te-len'-shal. a. [pestilenciel, 
Fr.] Partaking of the nature of pestilence ; pro- 
ducing pestilence ; infectious ; contagious. Wood- 
ward. Mischievous; destructive ; pernicious. South. 

PE'STILENTLY, pes'-te-lent-le. ad. Mischievously; 
destructively. 

PESTILLATION, pgs-tll-la'-shun. n. s. The act of 

founding or breaking in a mortar. Brown. 
'STLE §, peV-tl. 472. n. s. [pesiail, old Fr.; pix- 

tillum, Lat.] An instrument with which any thing 

is broken in a mortar. Locke. 
PE'STLE of Pork. n. s. A gammon of bacon. Hu- 

loet. 
To PE'STLE*, peV-tl. v. n. To use a pestle. B. 

Jonson. 
PET§, pgt. n.s. [despit,¥r.; or impetus, Lal.l A 

slight passion ; a slight fit of peevishness. Mihm. 

A lamb taken into the house, and brought up by 



PET 



PHA 



— n6, move, ndr, nftt;— tibe, tub, bull;— oil ;— pound;— th'm, THi 



hand; a cade lamb; hence anv creature that is 

fondled and indulged. Taller. 
To PET*, pet. v. a. To treat as a pet ; to fondle ; to 

indulge. 
PETALG, pe'-tal, or pet'-al. n. s. [ petalum, Lat.] 

Petal is a term in botany, signifying those fine 

coloured leaves that compose the flowers of all 

plants. Qui/icu. 

j^T" I must retract my former pronunciation of the first 
syllable of this word with Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Perry, 
ami join Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Scott, who make the e 
lone. In all words of this form we ought to incline 
to this pronunciation, from its being so agreeable to , 
analogy. Let it not be pretended that the e in the I 
Latin petalutn is short ; so is the a in labellum, and 
the i in libellits, which yet, in the English label and li- 
bel, we pronounce long. But, however right the long 
sound of e may be by analogy, I am apprehensive that, 
as in, pedals, the short sound is in more general use. 
— Soe Pedals. W. 

PE TALISM*, pet'-al-fzm. ft. s. [WaW/ids.] A form 
or sentence ot banishment among the Syracusans, 
writing his name, whom they would be rid of, in 
an olive leaf. Cotgrave. 
PETALOUS, pet'-ta-lus. 503. a. Having petals. 
PETAR. pe-tar'. )n.s. [petard, Fr. ; petardo, 
PETARD, pe-tard'. \ Ital.] An engine of metal, 
almost in the shape of a hat, about seven inches 
deep, and about five inches over at the mouth : 
when charged, it is applied to gates or barriers to 
blow them up. Military Diet. 
PETE'CHLE*,pk-\kf-bk-h.n.s. [Lat.] [In medi- 
cine.] Pestilential spots. Fordyce. 
PETE'CHIAL, pe-te'-ke-al. 353. a. Pestilentially 

spotted. Arbidlinot. 
PE TEREL*, pet'-e-rel. n. 5. A kind of sea bird. 

Hawkesworih. 
PETER-PENCE*, pe'-tur-pense. n. s. A tribute or 
tax formerly paid by this country to the pope, oth- 
erwise called Romescot, viz. a penny for every 
house, payable at Lammas day. Bp. Hall. 
PETER\VORT, pe'-tur-wurt. n. s. A plant. 
PE TIT, pet-tit. a. [Fr.] Small ; little ; inconsider- 
able. Harmar. 
PETITIONS, pe-Ush'-un. n.s. [petitio, Lat.] Re- 
quest ; entreaty ; supplication. Hooker. Single 
branch or article of a prayer. Drijden. 
To PETITION, pe-tish'-un. v. a. To solicit ; to sup- 
plicate. Shakspeai-e. 
PETI TIONARILY.pe-tish'-un-a-re-le.ad. By way 

of begging the question. Brown. 
PETITIONARY, pe-Ush'-Cm-a-re. a. Supplicatory: 
coming with petitions. Shak. Containing petitions 
or requests. Hooker. 
PETITIONER, pe-tish'-un-ur. 98. n. s. One who 

offers a petition. Bacon. 
PETITORY, pet'-te-tiir-e. 512. [For the o, sec Do- 
mestick.] a. [petitoritis, Lat.] Petitioning; claim- 
ing- the property of any thing. Brewer. 
PETRES, pe'-ter. 416. n. s. [petra, hat.] Nitre; 

salt-petre. Brown. 
PETRE'SCENT, pe-tres'-sent. 510. a. [petrescens, 

Lat.] Growing stone ; becoming stone. Boyle. 
PETRIFA'CTION, pet-tre-fak'-slnm. n. s. [pttri- 
/ado, Lat.] The act of turning to stone; the stale 
of being turned to stone. Brown. That which is 
made stone. Cheyne. 
PETRIFA'CTIVE, pet-lre-fak'-Uv. a. Having the 

power to form stone. Brown. 
To PETRI'FICATE* pe-trlf-fe-kate. c. a. To pet- 
rify. J. Hall. Ob. T. 
PETRIFICATION, pet-tre-fe-ka'-shvin. n. s. A 
body formed by changing other matter to stone. 
Bm/le. Obduracy ; callousness. Holly well. 
PETRITICK, pe-trlf'-flk. 509. a. [petrificus, Lat.] 

Having the power to change to stone. Milton. 
To PETRIFY, pet'-tre-fl. 183. v. a. [petrijier, Fr. ; 
petra and/?o, Lat.] To change to stone. Wood- 
ward. To make callous; to make obdurate. 
Pope. 
To PETRIFY, peV-Ve-fl. v. n. To become stone. 
Dryden. 

87 



PETRO'L, pe'-tr&l. ) n. s. [petrole, Fr.] 

PETRO'LEUM, pe-tro'-le-um. \ A liquid bitumen, 

black, floating on the water of springs. Woodward. 

PETRONEL, pei'-tro-nel. n.s. [petrinal, Fr.l A 

pistol ; a small gun used by a horseman. Hudi 
bras. 

PETTICOAT, pet'-te-kole. n. s. The lower part ot 
a woman's dress. Shakspeare. 

To PETTIFOG^*, pet'-te-f6g. v. n. [petit and vo- 
gver, Fr. See To Foe] To play the pettifogger. 
Milton. 

PETTIFOGGER, pet'-te-fog-gfir. n. s. A petty, 
small-rate lawyer. Carevo. 

PETTI FO'GGERY*, pSt-ie-fAg'-gfir-e. n. s. The 
practice of a pettifogger ; trick; quibble. Milton. 

PETTINESS, pet'-te-nes. n. s. Smallness; little 
ness; inconsiderableness ; unimportance. Shak. 

PETTISH, pet'-tish. a. [from pet.] Fretful ; peev- 
ish. Burton. 

PETTISHLY*, pet'-tlsh-le. ad. In a pet. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

PETTISHNESS, pfet'-Ush-nes. n. s. Fretfulness; 
peevishness. Collier. 

PETTITOES, pet'-te-toze. n.s. [petty and toe.] The 
feet of a sucking pig. Beaton, and Fl. Feet, in 
contempt. Shakspeare. 

PE'TTQ, p<h'-t6. n.s. [Ital.] The breast; fig- 
uratively, privacy.: as, " in petto," i. e. in reserve, 
in secrecy. Lord Chesterfield. 

PETTYS, pel'-te.a. [petit, Fr.] Small ; inconside- 
rable; inferiour; little. Bacon. 

PETTYCHAPS*, - peY-te-tshAps. n.s. A kind of 
wag-tail, called, in some parts, the beam-bird. 

PETTYCOY, pef-te-kde. n. s. An herb. Aim- 
worth. 

PETULANCE, peV-tshu-lanse. )n. s. [petulance, 

PETULANCY, peY-tshu-lan-se. ] Fr. ; petulantia, 
Lat.] Sanciness; peevishness; wantonness. B. 
Jon.son. 

PETULANT $, peY-tshu-lant. 461. a. [petitions, 
Lat.] Saucy; perverse; abusive. Burton. Wan- 
ton ; licentious. Spectator. 

PETULANTLY, pel'-tshu-lant-le. ad. With petu- 
lance ; with saucy pertness. Barrow. Wantonly ; 
licentiously. Parnell. 

PEWS. pu. v. s. [puye, Dutch.] A seat enclosed in 

a church. Bacon 
To PEW*, pi. ?:. a. To Lmish with pews. Ash. 

PE WET, pe'-wit. 99. n. s. [pfewit, Dutch.] A wa- 
ter fowl. Careic. The lapwing. Ainsworth. 

PE WFELLOW*. piV-fel-16. n. s. [pew and fellow] 
A companion. Bp. Hall. 

PE' WTER § , pu'-tfir. 98. n.s. [ peauier, Teut.] A 
compound ot metals; an artificial metal. Bacon. 
The plates and dishes in a house. Addison. 

PE'WTERER, pa'-lur-ur. n. s. A smith who works 
in pewter. Boyle. 

PE XITY*. pfiks'-e-ie. n. 
or shag of cloth. Coles. 

PHENOMENON, fe-nom'-e-nAn. n.s. See Phz- 

NOMEJPTQN. 

PHA'ETON* fa ; -e-ton. n. s. [from Phaeton, the fa- 
bled driver of the chariot of the sun.] A kind of 



[peao. Lat.] The nap 



k 



PHAGEDE'NA, fa-je-de'-na. n. s. [<payi6aiva.] 
An ulcer, where the sharpness of the humours eats 
awav the flesh. 

PHAGEDE'NICK, fa-je-den'-lk. )a. Eating; cor- 

PHAGEDE'NOUS, fa-je-de'-nfis. $ roding. Wise- 
man. 

PHA'LANX, faManks, or fal'-lanks. n.s. [Lat.] A 
troop of men closely imbodied. Millcn. 

££5=* The second manner of pronouncing this word is 
more general ; but the first is more analogical. If, when 
we pronounce a Latin or Greek word of two syllables, 
having a single consonant between two vowels, we al- 
wavs make the first vowel long ; it is very natural, 
when such a word is transplanted whole into our own 
language, to pronounce it in the same manner. That 
the"quantity of the original has very little to do in this 
case, may be seen under the word drama, 544; and yet 
nothing but an absurd regard to this could have influ- 
enced the generality of speakers to pronounce this word 
689 






PHE 



PHI 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel 5— pine, pin ;- 



with the first vowel short, contrary to the old, genuine 
analogy of our own language, as Dr. Wallis calls it, 
and contrary to the manner in which we pronounce 
the word in the original ; for, though local, favour, and 
labour, have the first vowel shoit in the Latin localis, 
favor, and labor, we pronounce them, both in Latin and 
English, according to our own analogy, with the and 
a long and open. The same may be observed of words 
from the Greek. In the word in question, therefore, 
the authority of Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Dr. Ash, 
who make the first, vowel long, ought to outweigh that 
of Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, Entick, and Buchanan, who 
make it short. W. 
PHANTASM $, fan'-tazm. )n. s. [tidvracna.] 
PHANTASMAL, fan-taz'.-ma. \ Vain and airy ap- 
pearance} something- appearing- only to imagina- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
PHANTASTICAL, fan-tas'-te-kal. ) Q „ 
PHANTASTICK, fan-tas'-dk. 509. \ 

TAST1C4L. 

PHANTASY*, fan'-ta-se. See Fantasy. 

PHA'NTOM, ian'-tfim. 166. n. s. [phantonte, Fr.] A 
spectre ; an apparition. Atterbury. A fancied vis- 
ion. Rogers. 

PHARISAICAL $, far-re-sa'-e-kal. )a. Ritual : ex- 

PHARISA'ICK^fdr-re-sa'-Ik. \ ternally reli- 
gious, from the sect of the Pharisees, whose reli- 
gion consisted almost wholly in cerempnies. Ba- 
con. 

PHARISA1CALNESS*, iar-re-sa'-fk-al-nes. n. s. 
Pharisaical observance of rituals. Puller. 

PHA'RISAISM*, far'-re-sa-lzm. n.s. The notions 
and conduct of a Pharisee. Hammond. 

PHARISE'AN* far-re-se'-an. a. Following the 
practice of the Pharisees. Milton. 

PHA'RISEE* far'-re-se. n. s. [pJiarash, Heb.] One 
of a sect among the Jews, whose religion consisted 
almost wholly in ceremonies 5 and whose pretend- 
ed holiness occasioned them to hold at a distance, 
or separate themselves from, not only pagans, but 
all such Jews as complied not with their peculiari- 
ties. St. Matt. v. 

PHARMACEUTICAL, far-ma-si'-te-kal. 509. ) 
far-ma-su'-dk. ) 

ma-krV-tfk, '$»"«"««»• J kj£] delating 
to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or prepara- 
tion of medicines. Fe/rand. 

PHARMACOLOGIST, far-ma-kol'-lo-jfst. 518 
n. s. One who writes upon drugs. Woodward. 

PHARMACOLOGY, far-ma-koF-16-je. n.s. [tyao- 
fxaKov and \iyu.~\ The knowledge of drugs and 
medicines. 

PHARMACOPOEIA, far-ma-ko-pe'-ya. n. s. [$dp- 
fiaKov and irotio).] A dispensatory ; a book con- 
taining rules for the composition of medicines. 

PHARMACO'POLIST, far-ma-k6p / -p6-l?st. n. s. 
[<pdouaKov and ffwXfw.] An apothecary ; one who 
sells medicines. 

PHA'RMACY^far'-ma-se. n.s. [<pdpnaKov.] The 
art or practice of preparing medicines ; the trade 
of an apothecary. Garth. 

PHARO*, fa'-ro. Yn. s. [from Pharos in 

PHA'ROS^ fa'-ros. 544, £ Egypt.] A light-house ; 

PH ARE, fare. } a lantern from the shore 

to direct sailors. Sir T. Herbert. 

PHA'RSANG*. See Parasang. 

PHARYNGO'TOMY, far-?n-g&t'-i6-me. n. s. [$a- 
pvyi; and reived.] The act of making an incision 
into the windpipe, used when some tumour in the 
throat hinders respiration. 

PHA RYNXf, fa'-rlnks. [See Phalanx.] n.s. The 
upper part of the gullet, below the larynx. 

PHASELS, fa'-zils. n.s. [phaseoli, Lat.] French 
beans. Ainsworth. 

PHASIS, fa' -sis. n.s. In the plural, phases. [d>a'<n?, 
Gr. ; pJiase, Fr.] Appearance exhibited by any 
body: as jthe changes of the moon. Glanville. 

PHASM, fazm. )n. s. [^aV^a.l Appearance 3 

PHASMA*, faz'-ma. ) phantom ; fancied appari- 
tion. Hammond. 1 

PHE'ASANT, feV-zant. n. s. [faisan,, Fr.] A kind 
of wild cock. Feaclmm. 



PHARMACEUTIC!^ 

[far-ma-kiV-te-kal, ) „, ., ~\< 
far-ma-ku'-l,k, ' { Sheridan, j 



PHEER, feer. n. s. A companion. See Fear, and 

Fere. 
To PHEESE, feze. v. a. To comb ; to fleece ; to 

curry. See To Feaze. Sliakspeare. 
PHEOTCOPTER, fen'-e-k6p-tur. n. s. [<p 0lvl K6irre- 

pos.] A kind of bird. Hakewill. 
PHE'NIX. ft'-nlks. n. s. [0/ „,f, Gr. ; phoenix, Lat.J 
The bird which is supposed to exist single, and to 
rise again from its own ashes. Milton. 
PHENOMENON, fe-nom'-me-non. n.s. [faivopt- 
vov.] Appearance j visible quality. Burnet. Any 
thing that strikes by any new appearance. 
PHE'ON*. fe'-un. n. s. [In heraldry'.] The barbed 

iron head of a dart. 
PHFAL §, fl'-al. n. s. [phiala, Lat. ; phiole. Fr.] A 

small bottle. Neivton. 
To PHFAL*, fi'-al. v. a. To keep in a phial. Shen- 

stone. 
PHILANTHROTICAL* fi!-an-^r6p'-e-kal. ; 
PHILANTHROTICK*, f il-an-r7*r6p'-ik. \ a - 
Loving mankind ; wishing to do good to mankind. 
Bp. Horsley. 
PHILANTHROPIST*, fMn'-tfirc-p?st. n. s. One 
who loves, and wishes to serve, mankind. Young. 
PHILANTHROPY §, fil-an^/iri-pe. 131. »> ■*. 
[0iXf'w and avOpmTros.] Love of mankind j goodna- 
ture. Spenser. 
PHI'LIBEG* See Fillibeg. 
PHILI'PPICK $, fll-llp'-plk. n. s. [From the invec- 
tives of Demosthenes against Philip of Macedon.] 
Any invective declamation. Bp. Hard. 
To PHFLIPPIZE*, fil'-lip-lze. v. n. To declaim 

against ; to utter or write invectives. Burke. 
PHILLYRE'A*, fil-e-re'-a. n. s. An evergreen 

plant. Evelyn. 
PHILOLOGER, fe-loF-16-jur. 131. n.s. [<pi\6\oyos.] 
One whoSe chief study is language ; a gramma- 
rian ; a critick. Brown. 
PHILOLOGICAL, fil-6-l6d'-je-kal. ) a. Critical ; 
PHILOLOGICK*, ffl-i-l&d'-jik. $ grammatical. 

Watts. 
PHILOLOGIST, fe-loF-16-jlst. 131. n.s. A critick ; 

a grammarian. Harris. 
To PHILO LOG1ZE*, fe-l6lM6-jlze. v. n. To offer 

criticisms. Evelyn. 
PHILO LOGY §, fe-loF-lo-je. 131,518. n. s. [$1X0X0- 

via.] Criticism ; grammatical learning. Selden. 
PHFLOMATH*, rtV -6-mkh. n. s. tyiAo/iaflw.] A 
lover of learning; generally used in slight con- 
tempt. Biblioth. Bibl. 
PHFLOMEL, fil'-lo-mel. ) n. s. [from Philomela, 
PHILOMELA, fil-16-meMa. > changed into a 

bird.] The nightingale. Shakspeare. 
PHFLOMOT, flF-o-mot. a. [corrupted from feuille 
morte, a dead leaf.] Coloured like a dead leaf. Ad- 
dison. 
To PHILO'SOPHATE*, fe-los'^-fate. v. n. [phi- 
losophatus, Lat.] To moralize ; to play the philos- 
opher. Barrow. 
PHILOSOPHA'TION* fe-^s-si-fa'-shun. n. s. Phi- 
losophical discussion. Sir W- Petty. 
PHILOSOPHEME, fe-]6s'-s6-feme. n.s. ty&ococpr,- 

ua.] Principle of reasoning; theorem. Watts. 
PHILOSOPHER, fe-lds'^-fur. 131. n. s. [philoso- 
phus, Lat.] A man deep in knowledge, eithe* 
moral or natural. Hooker. 
PHILOSOPHER'S Stone, fe-leV-si-furz-slone. n. s 
A stone dreamed of by alchymists, which, by its 
touch, converts base metals into gold. Milton. 
PHILOSOPHICAL, fll-lo-zoF-fe-kal. ; „ 

PHILOSOTHICK, fll-l6-z6f-fik. 425, 509. ) a ' 
[philosophique, Fr.] Belonging to philosophy ^suit- 
able to a philosopher ; formed by philosophy. Mil- 
ton. Skilled in philosophy. Shak. Frugal ; ab 
stemious. Dryden. 
PHILOSOPHICALLY, fil-16-zof-fe-kal-le. ad. la 
a philosophical manner ; rationally ; wisely. Brown. 
3$= Mr. Sheridan seems very properly to have marked 
the s, in this and the two preceding words, as pro 
nounced like z. For the reasons, see Principles, No 
425, 435. W. 
To PHILOSOPHIZE, fe-l6s'-s6-flze. v. n. To play 
690 



PHR 


PHY 




— no, move, ndr. not ;— tube, li'lb, bull; — oil ; 


—pound ; — thin, this. 





the philosopher ; to reason like a philosopher; to 
moralize ; to seareh into nature ; to inquire into 
the eauses of effects. Glanville. 

PHILOSOPHY*, lc-los -so-fe. n.s. [philoeophie, 
Fr. ; philosophia, Lat.] Knowledge, natural or 
moral. Sidney. Hypothesis or system upon which 
natural effects are explained. Locke. Reasoning ; 
argumentation. Milton. The course of sciences 
read in the schools. 

PHI LTER, fnMur. 98. n.s. [<pi\rpov, Gr.; philtre, 
Fr.] Something to cause love. Cleveland. 

To PHILTER, fil'-tux. v. a. To charm to love. 
Gov. of the Tongue. 

PHIZ, l1z. /i. s. [a ridiculous contraction from phys- 
iosyiomij .] The face, iu a sense of contempt. 
Stepney. 

PHLEBOTOMIST, fle^t'-to-mist. n. s. |>,\^ 
and Tfuvw.l One that opens a vein •, a bloodletter. 

To PHLEBOTOMIZE, fle-bot / -t6-mlze. v. a. To 
let blood. Howell. 

PHLEBOTOMY §, fle-botMo-me. n.s. [pAs/Joro- 
fjtia.] Blood-letting ; the act or practice of open- 
ing a vein for medical intentions. Holudau. 

PHLEGM $, flem. 389. n.s. [<f>\?ypa~] The wa- 
tery humour of the body, which, when it predom- 
inates, is supposed to produce sluggishness or dull- 
ness. Roscommon. Water, among the chymists. 
Boyle. Coolness ; indifference. Swift. 

PHLE GMAGOGUES, fleg'-ma-gogz. 389. [See 
Pathognomonics.] n. s. [^\iy/ia and ayw.) A 
purge of the milder sort, supposed to evacuate 
phlesrm, and leave the other humours. Floyer. 
PHL^GMATICK, fleg'-ma-tlk. 510. [fleg'-ma-tik, 
Sheridan and Jones; fleg-mat'-lk, Entick, Ash, 



Perry, Fulton and Kniglit.] 
Abounding in phlegm. Harvey. Generating 
phlegm. Brown. Watery. Newton. Dull ; cold ; 
frigid Addison. 

PH&GMATICKLY*, fleg'-ma-tflc-le, or fleg- 
mat'-ik-le. ad. With phlegm ; coolly. Warbur- 
ton. 

PHLE'GMON $, phleg'-m6n. 166. n.s. \d,\cy,iovti.] 
An inflammation ; a burning tumour. Wiseman. 

PHLEGMONOUS, fleg'-m6-nus. a. Inflammatory ; 
burning. Harvey. 

PHLEME, fleme. n. s. [from phlcebotomus , Lat.] A 
fleam, so it is commonly written ; an instrument 
which is placed on the vein, and driven into it with 
a blow; particularly in bleeding of horses. 

PHLOGFSTICK*, fl6-jls'-tik. a. [pldogistique, Fr.] 
Partaking of phlogiston. Adams. 

PHLOGISTONS, fld-jfs'-ton, or fl6-g?s'-ton. 560. 
n. s. [pAoyiordj.] A chymical liquor extremely in- 
flammable. The inflammable part of any body. 
Adams. 

55= Professors of every art think they add to its dignity, 
not only by deriving the terms of it from the Greek, but 
by pronouncing these terms contrary to the analogy of 
our own language. For this reason, our pronunciation 
becomes full of anomalies, and the professors of an art 
speak one language, and the rest of the world another. 
Those, therefore, who are not chymists, ought, in my 
opinion, to enter their protest against the irregular 
sound of the g in this and similar words. Pronouncing 
the g soft would only hurt the pride of the professor ; 
but pronouncing it hard would hurt the genius of the I 
language. — See Heterogeneous. TV. 

PHO'NICKS, f6'-n!ks. n. s. [tfmv^ r ] The doctrine of 
sounds. 

PHONOCA'MPTICK, f6-n6-kamp / -t)k. a. [<pwri 
and Ka/i7rrw.] Having the power to inflect or turn 
the sound, and bv that to alter it. Derhuun. 

PHOSPHORS, fos'-for. 166. ) n. s. [phosphorus, 

PHOSPHORUS $. fos'-f6-rus. > Lat.] The morn- 
ing star. Pope. A chymical substance, which, ex- 
posed to the air, takes fire. Pemberton. 

PHOSPHORATED*, fos'-fi-ra-ted. a. Impregnat- 
ed with phosphor. Kirwan. 

PHOTOMETER* fb-tom'-e-tfir. n. s. tyGs and 
fjirpov.'] An instrument which measures light. Dp, 
Garnett. 

PHRASE §, fraze. n. s. [<ppdois.] An idiom ; a mode 



of speech peculiar to a language. An expression} 
a mode of speech. Drydui. Style ; expression. 
. 
To PHRASE, frize. v. a. To style ; to call ; to term. 

Shakspeare. 
To PHRASE*, fraze. v. n. To employ peculiar ex- 
pressions. Translators of the Bible. Pref. 

PHRASEOLOGICAL*, fra-ze^-lod'-je-kal. a. Pe- 
culiar to a language or phrase. Pearson. 

PHRASEOTOGY \, fra-ze-6l'-l6-je. 518. n.s. [<p p d- 
c-is and Xlyw.] Style; diction. Swift. A phrase 
book. Ainsworth. " 

PHRENIlTiriv. tie-net '-lk. )a. Up^rudj, Gr. ; 

PHRE'NTICK, freV-uk. \ phrenitique, Fr.] 
Mad ; inflamed in the brain ; frantick. B. Jenks. 

ftCF" This word, {phrenetick,) as well as frenitis, is pro- 
nounced by Mr. Sheridan with the accent on the first 
syllable ; in which, though he is contrary to analogy, 
he is consistent. But Dr. Kenrick and "Mr. Barclay 
pronounce frenetiek with the accent on the first syl- 
lable, and plirenitis with the accent on the second. 
That the penultimate accent is the true pronunciation 
in both, can scarcely be doubted, if we consult analogy, 
509; and that it is most in use, may appear from tho 
additional suffrages of Dr. Ash, Mr". Nares, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Perry, W. Johnston, Entick, Bailey, and Fen- 
ning. W. 

PHRENETICK*. fre-neV-ik. ) n. s. A madman ; 

PHRE'NTICK* fren'-tlk. ■ \ a frantick person. 
Selden. 

PHRENTTIS, fre-nl'-tk 503. n. s. Upcving.] Mad- 
ness; inflammation of the brain. Wiseman. 

PHRENSY§, fren'-ze.Tz.s. [(ppevirtg, Gr.; phrenetic, 
Fr.] Madness; frantickness. See Frenzy. 
Hooker. 

PHRO'NTISTERY*, frrV-tls-ler-e. n. s. [QpovTio- 
Tt'/oiov.] A school ; a seminary of learning. Co- 
rah's Doom, 8?c. Ob. T. 

PHRYGIAN*, frfd'-je-an. a. Denoting, among the 
ancients, a sprightly and animating kind of musick. 
Arbuthnot. 

PHTHFSICAL, tJz'-ze-kal. 413. a. [00 tff ud?.] 
Wasting. Harvey. 

PHTffl'SICK§, tiz'-zik.413^.s. [<pe(ct S .] Aeon- 
sumption. Milton. ."r ? 

PHTHFSIS, thV-sh. 544. n.s. A consumption. Wise- 

PHYLA'CTER^.fe-lak'-tfir. )n. s. [0uW™- 

PHYLA'CTERY \, fe-lak'-ter-e. > p(0 v.] A ban- 
dage on which was inscribed some memorable 
sentence. Hammond. 

PHYLA'CTERED*, fe-lak'-turd. a. Wearing 
phviacteries ; dressed like the Pharisees. Green. 

PHYLACTE'RICAL* fil-lak-teV-e-kal. a. Relat- 
ing to phylacteries. L. Addison. 

PHYSICAL, flz'-ze-kal. a. [physique^r.] Relating 
to nature or to natural philosophy; not moral. 
Hammond. Pertaining to the science of healin«\ 
Medicinal; helpful to health. Shak. Resembling 

PHYSICALLY, f?z'-ze-kal-le. ad. According to 
nature ; by natural operation ; not morally. Brown. 
According to the science of medicine. Cheyne. 

PHYSICIAN, fe-zfsh'-an. n.s. [phisicien, Fr.] One 
who professes the art of healing. Bacon. 

PHY T/ SICK$, flz'-zlk. n.s. [(pvatKn, which, origin- 
ally signifying natural philosophy, has been trans- 
ferred, in many modern languages, to medicine.] 
The science of healing. Locke. 3Iedicines ; reme-, 
dies. Hooker. [In common phrase.] A purge. 
Abbot. In the plural, natural philosophy) physi- 
ology. Dr. Warton. 

ToPHY'SICK, fiz'-z?k. v.a. To purge j to Heat 
with phvsick ; to cure. Shakspeare 

PHYSICOTHEO'LOGY, ffz-ze-ko-^e-ol'-W-je. 
n. s. [from physico and theology.] Divinity en» 
forced or illustrated by natural philosophy. 

PHYSIO'GNOMER, f1zh-e-6g'-n6-mur, or f?z-) 
e-6g / -n6-mftr. C 

PHYSIOGNOMIST, fizh-e-6g / -n6-mlst. 518. 5 
n. s, One who judges of the temper, or future for- 
tune, by the features of the face. Peacham. 

ttCr For the propriety of pronouncing the * in these 
691 ' 



P1B 



PIC 



Qj 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat 3— mc, met;— pine, p?n;— 



words like zh, wo need only appeal to analogy. S be- 
fore a diphthong beginning with i, and having the ac- 
cent before it, either primary or secondary, always goes 
into zh, as may be seen, Principles, No. 451. The 
secondary accent on the first syllable of these words 
gives a feebleness to the second, which occasions the 
aspiration of 5 as much as in evasion, adhesion, &c, 
where the s is preceded by the primary accent. It 
must, however, be acknowledged, that this is far from 
being the most general pronunciation. — See Ecclesi- 
astic k. W. 

PHYSIOGNOMICAL* f?zh-e-&g-nom'-e-kal. } 

PHYSIOGNOMICK, fizh-e-og-n&m'-ik. *> a. 

PHYSIOGNOMO'NICK,fizh-e-6g-n6-m6n / -ik.) 
Drawn from the contemplation of the face 3 con- 
versant in contemplation of the face. Brown. 

PHYSIOGNOMY $, ffzh-e-Sg'-ni-me. n. s. [for 
physiognonionij ; (bvaioyvujiovia.] The act of dis- 
covering- the temper, and foreknowing the fortune, 
by the features of the face. Bacon. The face ; the 
cast of the look. Cleaveland. 

fry* There is a prevailing mispronunciation of this word, 
by leaving out the g, as if the word were French. If this 
arises from ignorance of the common rules of spelling, 
it may be observed, that g is always pronounced before 
71 when it is not in the same syllable; as, sig-nify, in- 
dig-nity, &x. ; but if affectation be the cause of this 
errour, Dr. Young's Love of Fame will be the best cure 
for it. — See Pathognomonics. W. 

PHYSIOLOGICAL, fizh-e-6-l6d'-je-kal. , a. Re- 

PHYSIOLO'GICK*, flzh-e-i-lod'-jik. \ lating 
to the doctrine of the natural constitution of things. 
Boyle. 

PHYSIO'LOGER*, fizh-e-6lM6-jur. n. s. A physi- 
ologist. Aubrey. 

PHYSIOLOGIST, fizh-e-6lM6-j!st. n. s. One 
versed in physiology 3 a writer of natural philoso- 
phy. Burke. 

PHYSIOLOGY §,f1zh-e-61M6-je. 518. n. s. [0t}« s | 
and Xfj/w, Gr. ; physiologie, Fr.] The doctrine of I 
the constitution of the works of nature. Glanville. I 

PHYSNOMY*, fiz'-nd-me. n. s. The old word for 



physiognomy. Spenser. 
PHY'SY.fiz'-ze. \s. Th 
PHlTPVOROUS^I-tlv'-vi-rus. 518. a. [<t>vrbv, and 



The same vv\\h'fusee. Locke. 



voro, Lat.] That eats grass or any vegetable. Ray. 
PHYTQ'GRAPHY, fl-tog'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. [<pvrbv 

and ypa0u).l A description of plants. 
PHYTOLOGIST*, fl-t6l'-l6-jlst. n. s. One skilled 

in phytology. Evehm. 
PHYTO'LOGYS, fl-tolMc-je. 518. n.s. [fvrbv and 
Xf'yw.l The doctrine of plants 5 botanical discourse. 
PHY'TONESS*. See Pythoness. 
PHYZ*. See Phiz. 

PFACLE §, pl'-a-kl. n. s. [piaculum, Lat.] An enor- 
mous crime. Bp. King. Ob. J. 
PIA'CULAR, pl-ak'-ku-lar. 116. ) a. [piacularis, 
PIA'CULOUS, pl-ak'-ku-lus. \ Lat.] Expiato- 
ry ; having the power to atone. Such as requires 
expiation. Brown. Criminal; atrociously bad. 
Bp. Hall. 
PI A MATER, pl-a-ma'-tur. 98. n. s. [Lat.] A thin 
and delicate membrane, which lies under the dura 
mater, and covers immediately the substance of 
the brain. 
PFANET, pV-a-ngt. n.s. A bird ; the lesser wood- 
pecker. Bailey. The magpie. 
PIA'NO-FO'RTE*, pe-a'-n6-foV-te. n.s. [Ital.] 
• The name of a musical instrument, of the harpsi- 
chord kind 3 so called from the facility with which 
the player upon it can give a soft or strong ex- 
pression. 
PIA'STER, pe-as'-tftr. 132. n.s. [piaslra, Ital.] An 
Italian coin, about five shillings sterling in value. 
Did. 
PIA'TION*, pU'-shun. n.s, [ piatw, Lat.] Expia- 
tion 3 the act of atoning or purging by sacrifice. 
Cocker. Ob. T. 
PIAZZA, pe-az'-za. 132. n. s. fjtal.] A walk under 

a roof supported by pillars. Bp Taylor. 
PFBRACH*, or PFBROCH*. n. s. [jnob, Gael. ; 
pib, Cornish, a pipe.] A kind of martial musick 
among the Highlanders of Scotland. Tytler. 



i- s. [piccadvin. 
Fr.] A high cel- 
lar; a kind cf 



PFCA, pi'-ka. n.s. [Among printers.] A particular 
size of their types, or letters. It is probably so 
called from having been first used among us in print- 
ing the pie, an old book of liturgy. Wheatlpy. [In 
medicine.] A depravation of appetite. Hallvwell. 

PICAROON, p?k-ka-r66n'. n.s. [picare, Ital.] A 
robber ; a plunderer. Howell. 

PFCCADIL*, plk'-ka-dil. 

PICCADFLLY*, pfk-ka-dfl'-le. 

PFCKARDIL*, pik'-dr-dil. 
ruff. Wilson. 

PFCCAGE, pfk'-kaje. n.s. [piccagium, low Lat.] 
Money paid at fairs for breaking ground for booths. 
Ainsworth. 

To PICK§, plk. v.a. [picken, Dutch.] To cull 3 to 
choose ; to select ; to glean ; to gather here and 
there. Shak. To take up 5 to gather ; to find indus- 
triously. Bacon. To separate from any tiling use- 
less or noxious, by gleaning out either part. Bacon. 
To clean, by gathering off, gradually, any thing ad- 
hering. More. [piquer,Fr.] To pierce; to strike 
with a sharp instrument. Bacon, [pycan, Sax.] 
To strike with bill or beak; to peck. Prov. xxx. 
[picare, Ital.] To rob. South. To open a lock by 
a pointed instrument. Denham. To pitch. Shak. 
— To pick a hole in one's coat. A proverbial ex- 
pression for finding fault with another. 

To PICK, plk. v.n. To eat slowly and by small 
morsels. Dryden. To do any thing nicely and 
leisurely. Dryden. 

PICK, pfk. n. s. [pique, Fr.] A sharp-pointed iron 
tool. Woodward. A toothpick. Beaumont and 
Fletcfter. 

PFCKAPACK, plk'-a-pak. ad. [hompack, by a, re- 
duplication.] In manner of a pack. L' Estrange. 

PICKAXE, pik'-aks. n. s. [pick and axe.] An axe 
not made to cut but pierce ; an axe with a sharp 
point. Carew. 

PI'CKBACK, pik'-bak. ad. [corrupted perhaps from 
pickapack."] On the back. Hudibras. 

PI'CKED, pik'-kSd. 366. a. [from pike.] Sharp. 
Mortimer. Smart ; spruce. Shakspeare. 

PFCKEDNESS*, plk'-kecl-nes. n.s. State of being 
pointed or picked. Foppery ; spruceness. B. 
Jonson. 

To PICKEE'R, pfk-keer'. v. n. [picare, Ital.] To 
pirate 5 to pillage 3 to rob. Ainsworth. To make 
a flying- skirmish. Lovelace. 

PrCKER. plk'-kfir. 98. n.s. One who picks or culls. 
Mortimer. One who hastily takes up a matter : 
"a. picker of quarrels." Huloet. A pickaxe j an 
instrument to pick with. Mortimer. 

PFCKEREL, p?k'-kur-il. 99. ».* A small pike. 
Chaucer. 

PICKEREL-WEED, p?k'-kfir-!l-wttd. n. s. [from 
pike.] A water plant, from which pikes are fabled 
to be generated. Walton. 

PFCKET$*, plk'-kit. n.s. [piquet, Fv.] [In fortifi- 
cation.] A sharp stake. A guard posted before an 
army, to give notice of an enemy's approach. 

To PFCKET*, pJk'-kft. v. a. To fasten to a picket. 
Lieut. Moore. 

PFCKLE6, pJk'-kl. 405. n.s. [pekel, Teut.] Any 
kind of salt liquor, in which flesh or other sub- 
stance is preserved. Shak. Thing kept in pickle. 
Condition ; state. SJiukspeare. 

PFCKLE, PY'CLE*, or PI'GHTEL. n.s. [piccolo, 
Ital.] A small parcel of land enclosed with a hedge 
which in some counties is called a.pingle. Phillips. 

To PICKLE, pik'-kl. v. a. To preserve in pickle. 
Dryden. To season or imbue highly with any- 
thing bad : as, a pickled rogue, or one consum- 
mately villanous. 

PICKLEHE'RRING, plk-kl-her'-ing. n.s. [pickle 
and herring.] A jack-pudding 5 a merry-andrew j 
a zany; a buffoon. Slmksyeare. 

PFCKLOCK^k'-l&k. n.s. An instrument by which 
locks are opened without the key. Shak. The 
person who picks locks. Bp. Taylor. 

PFCKNICK, plk'-nik. n. s. [Swedish.] An assembly 
where each person contributes to the general en- 
tertainment. 

692 



PIE 



PIG 



—no, mdve, nor, not ;— tube, tftb, bull ',—611 ;— pound ;— //tin, this. 



PI'CKPOCKET, plk'-p&k-U. > n. *. A thief who 

PI'CKPURSE, plk'-pfirse. ^ steals by putting 

his hand privately into the pocket or purse. Shak. 

VI CKPOCKET*, pik'-pok-h. a. Privately stealing. 

South. 
PI'CKTHANK, pik'-dtank. n. s. [pick and thank.] 
An officious fellow, who does what he is not de- 
sired ; a whispering parasite. Bale. 
1TCKTOOTH, plk'-tootfi. n.s. An instrument by 

which the teeth are cleaned. Swift. 
PFCO*, pe'-k6. n.s. [Spanish.] Peak 5 point. Bent- 
ley. 
PICT, pikt. n. s. [pictus, Lat.] A painted person. 

Lee. 
PICTORIAL, pjk-t6'-re-al. a. [pictor, Lat.] Pro- 
duced by a painter. Brown. 
PI'CTURAL*, plk'-tsluVral. n. s. A representation. 

Spenser. Ob. T. 
PI'CTL11E$, p'ik'-tshure. 461. n.s. [pictura, Lat.] 
A resemblance of persons or things in colours. 
Bacon. The science of painting. B. Jonson. The 
works of painters. Wotton. Any resemblance or 
representation. Locke. 
To PI'CTURE, plk'-tshure. v. a. To paint 3 to rep- 
resent bv painting. Brown. To represent. Spenser. 
PI'CTURELIKE*, plk'-tshure-llke. a. Like a pic- 
ture ; according to the manner of a picture. Shak. 
PICTURE'SQllE*, pik-tsluWesk'. a. [pittoresco, 
Ital.; pictoresque, Fr.] Expressing that peculiar' 
kind of beauty which is agreeable in a picture, j 
whether natural or artificial; striking the mind 
with great power or pleasure in representing ob- 
jects of vision, and in painting to the imagination' 
any circumstance or event as clearly as if deline- ! 
ated in a picture. Gray. 
PICTURESQUENESS*, plk-tshu-resk'-nes. n. s. 

State or quality of being picturesque. Price. 
To PFDDLE §, pld'-dl. 405. t>. n. [perhaps from 
peddle.] To pick at table; to feed squeamishly, and 
without appetite. Swift. To trifle ; to attend' to 
small parts rather than to the main. Ascham. 
PPDDLER, pM'-dl-ur. n.s. One that eats squeam- 
ishly, and without appetite. One who is busy 
about minute things. 
PIE, pi. n. s. Any crust baked with something in it. 
Bacon, [pica, Lat.] A magpie; a party-coloured 
bird. Tusser. The old popish service book, so 
called, as is supposed, from the different colour of 
the text and rubrick. Wheatley. — Cock and pie. 
An adjuration by the pie or service-book, and by 
the sacred name of the Deity corrupted. Shak. 
PIEBALD, pl'-bald. a. [from pie.] Of various 

colours; diversified in colour. Locke. 
PIECES, peese. n. s. [piece, Fr.] A patch. Gen. 
xxxvii. A part of the whole ; a fragment. Ezek. 
xxiv. A part. Tillolson. A picture. Dryden. 
A composition ; performance. Addison. A single 
great gun. Stupe. A hand gun. Spenser. A 
coin ; a single piece of money. Prior. In ridi- 
cule and contempt : as, a piece of a lawyer, or 
smatterer. Bp. Hall, [pieca. old Fr.] Applied to 
time : as, stay a piece, i. e. a little while. Castle : 
any building. Spenser. — A-piece. To each. More 
Of a piece with. Like ; of the same sort ; united; 
the same with the rest. Roscommon. 
To PIECE, peese. v. a. To patch. Bp. Hall. _ To 
enlarge by the addition of a piece. Shak. To join; 
to unite. — To piece out. To increase by addition. 
Temple. 
To PIECE, peese. r. n. To join ; to coalesce ; to 

be compacted. Bacon. 
PIE'CER, pees'-fir. 98. 

patcher. Sherwood. 
PIE'CELESS, pees'-les. a. Whole; compact; not 

made of ceparate pieces. Donne. 
PIE CELY*, pees'-le, ad. In pieces. Huloet. Ob. T. 
PIE'CEMEAL, pees'-mele. ad. [pice and mel, 

Sax.] In pieces ; in fragments. Chapman. 
PIE'CEMEAL, pees'-mele. a. Single; separate; 

divided. Gov. of the Tongue. 
PIE'CEMEAL*, pees'-mele. n.s. A fragment; a 
scrap ; a morsel. R. Vauglum. 



One that pieces; a 



P1ECEMEALED*, pees'-meeld. a. Divided int* 

small morsels or pieces. Cotgrave. 
PIED 5, plde. 283. u. [from pie.] Variegated ; parti- 
coloured. Abbot. 
PI'EDNESS, plde'-nes. n. s. Variegation ; diversity 

of colour. Shakspeare. 
PlE'LED.plld. a. [peler, Fr.] Bald: bare; peeled. 

Ezek. xxix. 
To PEEP*, peep. v.n. To cry like a young bird 

Huloet. 
PIEPOWDER Court, pl'-pou-dur. n.s. [poudre den 
piez, Fr.] A court held in fairs for redress of all dis 
orders committed therein. Hudibras. 
PIER, peer. 27;";. n.s. [pep, pepe, Sax.; pierre, 
Fr.] A column on which the arch of a bridge is 
raised. Bacon. A projecting mole erected in the 
sea, to break the force of the waves. Gregory. 
To PIERCES, peerse. or perse, v. a. [percer, Fr.] 
To penetrate ; to enter ; to force a way into. 1 
Tim. vi. To touch the passions; to affect. Shak. 
1<CT What has been observed of the word fierce is per- 
fectly applicable to this word and its compounds. IV. 
To PIERCE, peerse, or perse v. n. To make way 
by force into or through any thing. Bacon. To 
strike ; to move ; to affect. Shak. To enter ; to 
dive, as into a secret. Sidney. To affect severely-. 
Shakspeare. 
PIE'RCEABLE*, peers'-a-bl. a. That may be pene- 
trated. Spensei-. 
PIE'RCER, peers' -&r, or p^rs'-itr. n.s. An instru- 
ment that -bores or penetrates. Tasser. The part 
with which insects perforate bodies. Ray. One 
who perforates. 
PIE'RCING*,pefcr'-sIng-,or pGrs'-fng. n. s. Penetra- 
tion. Prov. xii. 
PIE'RCIINGLY, peer'-slng-le, or pers'-mg-le. 410. 

ad. Sharply. Shencood. 
PIE'RCHNGNESS, peer'-slng-nes, or pers'-mg-nes. 

275. n.s. Power of piercing. Derham. 
PI'ET*, or PI'OT*. n. s. [from pie.] A magpie. • 
PI'ETISM*, pi'-e-tlzm. n.s. A kind of extremely 

strict devotion. Frey. 
i PI'ETIST* pl'-e-dst. n. s. One of a sect professing 
I great strictness and purity of life, despising learn- 
ing and ecclesiastical polity ; a kind of mystick, 
i The sect sprung up in the latter part of the seven- 
teenth century. Burnet. 
PPETY6, pl'-e-te. n.s. [pietas, Lat.; piete, Fr.] 
Discharge of duty to God. Milton. Duty to pa- 
rents or those" in superiour relation. Swift. 
PIG §, pig. n.s. [bigge, Teut. ; pic, Sax.] A young 
sow or boar. Shak. An oblong mass of lead or 
unforged iron. Pope. 
To PIG, pig. v. 71: To farrow ; to bring pigs. 
PI'GEOiN % pfo'-jfe. 259. ji.s. [pigeon, Fr.] A fowl 
bred in cots or a small house : in some places called 
dovecot. Gen. xv. 
PI'GEOiN FOOT, okl'-jin-fut. n.s. An herb. Ainsw. 
PFGEONIIEARTED^p'id'-jm-hart-ed. a. Timid; 

frightened. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
PI'GEONHOLES* pld'-jhi-hfflz. n. s. The title of 
an old English game; so called from the arches in 
the machine, through which balls were rolled, re- 
sembling the cavities made for pigeons in a dove- 
house. Steevens. Cavities, or divisions, in which 
letters and papers are deposited. Burke. 
PIGEONL1VERED, pM'-jIn-llv-fird. a. [pigeon 

and liver.] Mild; soft; gentle. Shakspeare. 
PI'GGIN, plg'-gln. 382. n.s A small wooden vessel. 

Heywood. 
PIGHE'ADED*, pfg-hed'-ed. a. Having a large 
head : a word still vulgarly applied to a stupid or 
obstinate person. B. Jonson. 
PIGHT, pile, old pret. and part. pass, of pilch. Pitch- 
ed ; placed ; fixed; determined. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To PIGHT*, pite. r. a. [perhaps from pigg, Su. 

Goth.] To pierce. Wiclitie. Ob. T. 
PI'GHTEL*. Ji. s. [piccolo, Ital.] A little enclosure. 
PI'GMENT, pig'-ment. ». s. [pig7nentu7n, Lat.] 

Paint; colour to be laid on any body. Burton. 
PI'GMY§, plg'-me. n. s. [pijgmccus, Lat. ; 7tvyna7os, 
Gr.] Ooe of a small nation, fabled to be devoured 
693 



PIL 



PIM 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, p?n ;— 



An earth nut. Slmkspeare. 
s. [pi^a, Sax. a girl.] A 



by the cranes; thence any thing mean or incon- 
siderable. Heylin. Properly written Pygmy. 
PFGMY*, plg'-me. a. Small 5 little 5 short. Habing- 

ton. 
PIGNORATION 6, pig-no-ra'-shfin. n.s. [old Fr. 
from pignus, pignoris, Lat.] The act of pledging. 
PFGNORAT1VE*, plg'-ni-ra-tfv. a. Pledging 

pawning. Bullokar. 
PFGNUT, prg'-nfit. n, 
PFGSNEY, pfgz'-nl. 

word of endearment. Clxaucer. 
PFGTAIL*, plg'-tale. n.s. [pig and tail] A cue; 
the hair tied behind in a riband so as to resemble 
the tail of a pig. A kind of twisted tobacco, hav- 
ing a similar resemblance. Swift. 
PPG WIDGEON, pJg-wld'-jun. n.s. A cant word for 

any thing petty or small. Cleaveland. 
PIKE §, pike. n. s. [picque, Fr.] The tyrant of the 
fresh watei-s ; and the longest lived of any fresh 
water fish. Walton. A long lance used by the foot 
soldiers, to keep off the horse, to which bayonets 
have succeeded. Hay ward. A fork used in hus- 
bandry; a pitch-fork. Tusser. [pic, old Fr.] A 
peak; a point. Ricaut. [Anion? turners.] Two iron 
sprigs between which any tiling to be turned is 
fastened. Moxon. 
Vl'KED, plk'-kSd. 366. a. [pique", Fr.] Sharp ; acu- 
minated ; ending in a point. Camden. 
PFKELET*, plke'-let. [n.s. A light cake; a kind 
PPKEL1N*, plke'-lin. , of muffin. Seward's Lett. 
PFKEMAN, plke'-man. 88. n. s. A soldier armed 

with a pike. Knolles. 
PFKESTAFF, plke'-staf. n.s. The wooden pole of 

a pike. Toiler. 
PILA'STER, pe-las'-tfir. 132. n.s. [pilastre, Fr.;| 
pilastro, Ital.] A square column, sometimes insu- 1 
laled, but oflener set within a wall, and only show- 
ing a fourth or a fifth part of its thickness. Wotton. 
PILCH*, piltsh. n.s. [pylca, pylece, Sax.] A cloak 

•or coat of skins ; a furred gown. Chaucer. 
PFLCHARD* plK-tshard. n. s. The fish called also 

pilclier. Shakspeare. 
PFLCHER, p?ltsh'-ur. 98. n.s. [pylece, Sax. ; pel- 
lice, Fr.] A furred gown or case ; any thing lined 
with fur. Sfiak. A fish like a herring, much caught 
in Cornwall. Milton. 
PILtt$, pile. n.s. [p*l,Sax.; pile, Fr. -,pyle, Dutch.] 
A strong piece of wood driven into the ground to I 
make a firm foundation. Knolles. A heap; an 
accumulation. Shak. Any thing heaped together 
to be burned. Ezek. xxiv. An edifice; a building. 
Milton, [pilus, Lat.] A hair. Shak. Hairy sur- 
face; nap. Grew, [pilum, Lat.] The head of an 
arrow. Chapman, [pile, Fr. ; pita, Ital.] One side 
of a coin ; the reverse of cross. Locke. [In the 
plural, piles.] The hemorrhoids. Arbuihnot. 
To PILE, pile. v. a. To heap; to coacervate. Shak. 

To fill with something heaped. Abbot. 
PI/LEATED, pil'-e-a-teU 507. a. [pileus, Lat.] 

Having the form of a cover or hat. Woodward. 
PFLEMENT* plle'-ment. n.s. Accumulation. Bp. 

Hall. 
PFLER, plkV-ur. 98. n.s. He who accumulates. 
PFLEWORT, plle-'-wfirt. n, s. A plant. 
To PFLFER§, pil'-fur. v. a. [pi/Jeer, old Fr.] To 
steal ; to gain by petty robbery. Abbot. 

). n. To practise petty 



To PFLFER, plP-ffir. ya. 

theft. Milton. 
PFLFERER, pil'-fur-ur. n 

things. Atterbury. 
PILFERING*, plF-fur-ln; 

Slmkspeare. 
PFLFERINGLY, pn'-tfir-fng-le. ad 

larceny ; filchingly. Sherwood. 
PFLFERY, pfl'-far-e. n. s. Petty theft. L' Estrange 
PILGA'RLICK* SeePiLLED-GARLicK. 
PFLGRIM§, pll'-grlm. n.s. [pelgrim, Dutch; pele- 

grinus, Lat.] A traveller ; a wanderer ; particular 

Ty one who travels on a religious account. Drum- 



One who steals petty 

n.s. A petty theft. 

With petty 



To PFLGRIM, pfi'-grlm. v.n. To wander; to ram- 
ble : not u*ed. Grew. 



PPLGRIMAGE, p?K-grim-adie. 90. n. s. [pelerinage, 
Fr.] A long journey; travel; more usually a jour- 
ney on account of devotion. Dryden. Time irk 
somely spent. Shakspeare. 

To PFLGR1MIZE* pll'-grlm-lze. r. n. To ramble 
about, like a pilgrim. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

PILL, pil. n. s. [pilula, Lat.] Medicine made into a 
small ball or mass. Bacon. Any thing nauseous. 
Young. 

To PILL §, p)l. v. a. [piller, Fr.] To take off the rind 
or outside; to peel; to strip off the bark. Gen. 
xxx. To strip; to rob; to plunder. Spenser. 

To PILL, p?l. v.n. To be stripped away ; to come 
off in flakes or scoriae. Tobit, xi. To commit rob- 
bery. Mirror for Magistrates. 

§Cr This word, says Dr. Johnson, should be written pcd. 
To strip off the bark or rind of any thing is universally 
so pronounced ; but, when it is written pill, it is impos- 
sible to pronounce it peel, as Mr. Sheridan has done, 
without making the eye contradict the ear too palpably. 
I am of opinion, that the pronunciation ought to con- 
form to the orthography. — See Bowl. W. 

PPLLAGE §, pfl'-lidje. 90. n. s. [pillage, Fr.] Plun- 
der; something got by plundering or pillaging. 
Sliakspeare. The act of plundering. Shakspeare. 
To PPLLAGE, p?F-l?dje. v. a. To plunder; to spoil 
Arbuthnot. 

PFLLAGER, plF-tfdje-fir. 98. n.s. A plunderer; a 
spoiler. Chapnan. 

PPLL AR §, pfF-lfir. 88. n. s. [pilier, Fr. ; pilar, Span.] 
A column. Wotton. A supporter; a mainlainer. 
Shakspeare. 

PPLLARED, p?F-hVd. 359. a. Supported by col- 
umns. Milton. Having the form of a column. 
Thomson. 

PILLED-GARLICK, pild'-gar-tfk. n. s. One whose 
hair is fallen oft' by a disease. A sneaking or hen- 
hearted fellow; a poor, forsaken wretch. Steevens. 

PFLLER*, piF-lfir. 74. s. [pilleur, Fr.] A plunderer ; 
a robber. Chaucer. 

PFLLERY*, pnMQr-e. n. s. [pillerie. Fr.] Rapine ; 
robbery. Huloet. 

PFLLION, plF-yfin. 113. n. s. [from pillow.] A soft 
saddle set behind a horseman for a woman to sit 
Swift. A pad ; a pannel ; a low saddle. Spen- 



ser. The pad of the saddle that touches the Jiorse. 

PPLLORY, pfl'-lfir-e. 557. n. s. [pilori, old Fr. ; 

pillorium, low Lat.] A frame erected on a pillar, 

and made with holes and movable boards, through 

which the heads and hands of criminals are put. 

Shakspeare. 

To PPLLORY, piF-lfir-e. v. a. [pi/lorier, Fr.] To 

punish with the pillory. Government of the Tongue. 

PFLLOWS, pIF-16. .327. n.s. [pyle, Sax. ; pulewe, 

Dutch.] A bag of down or feathers laid under the 

head to sleep on. Bacon. 

To PPLLOW, pfF-16. v. a. To rest any thing on a 

pillow. Milton. 
PPLLOWBEER, p?F-l6-bere. ) n. s. The cover of 
PPLLOWCASE,p?l'-l6-kase. S a pillow. Chaucer. 
PILO'SITYS, pe-los'-se-te. 132. n.s. [pilosus, Lat.] 

Hairiness. Bacon. 
PPLOT §, pi'-lut. 166. n.s. [pilote, Fr. ; piloot. Dutch.] 

He whose office is to steer the ship. B. Jonson. 
To PPLOT, pF-ltit. v. a. To steer; to direct in the 

course. Bp. Berkeley. 
PPLOTAGE, plMut-tldje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] Pilot's 
skill ; knowledge of coasts. Raleigh. A pilot's hire 
Ainsworth. 
PPLOTISM*, pF-lflt-tfzm. n.s. Pilotage ; skill of a 

pilot. Cotgrave and Sherwood. 
PPLOTRY*, pF-lut-tre. n. s. Skill of a pilot. Har- 
ris. 
PFLOUS*, pi'-lfis. a. [pilosus, Lat.] Hairy; full of 

hairs. Dr. Robinson. 
PPLSER, piF-sfir. n. s. The moth or fly that runs 

into a flame. Ainsworth. 
PFMENT*. n. s. [pimentum, low Lat.] Wine 

mixed with spice or honey. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
PIME'NTA. pe-meV-ta. )n. s. [piment, Fr.l A 
PIME'NTO* pe-meV-t6. $ kind of spice. Hill 
PIMP, p?mp. n. s. [pintre, Fr.] One who provide* 
694 



PIN 



PIN 



-no, mdve, nfir, n6t;— tube. n'il>, hull ;— 6'il;— pound;— thin, THis. 



gratifications for Uie lust of others; a procurer; a 

pander. Addison. 
To PIMP, pfrnp. v. n. To provide gratifications for 

the lust ol others ; to pander; to procure. Swift. 
PI MPERNEL,pfm-per / -nel. [pim'-per-nel, Sheridan 

and Perry.] n.s. [pimpernella, Lat.] A plant. Mil- 

Pl MPINELLA*, pW-pe-nel-la. n. s. A plant. 

PI MP IN G, p'fmp'-fng. 410. a. [pimple mensch, 
Dutch, a weak man.] Little; petty : as, a pimping 
thing. Skinner. 

PI MPLE, pW-pl. 405. n. s. [pmpel, Sax.] A small 
red pustule. Addison. 

PI MPLED, piui'-pi'd. 359. a. Having red pustules; 
full of pimples. 

PIN$, pi"- »• *• [pennum, low Lat.] A short wire 
with a sharp point and round head, used by wo- 
men to fasten their clothes. Shak. Any thing in- 
considerable, or of little value. Spenser. Any thing- 
driven to hold parts together; a peg; a bolt. Mil- 
ton. Any slender thing fixed in another body. 
Shak. That which locks the wheel to the axle ; a 
linch-pin. The central part. Sliak. The pegs by 
which musicians intend or relax their strings. A 
note ; a strain. L Estrange. A horny induration of 
the membranes of the eye. Hanmer. Shak. A cy- 
lindrical roller made of wood. Corbet. A noxious 
humour in a hawk's foot. Ainsworth. 

To PIN, pin. v.a. To fasten with pins. Harmar. To 
fasten; to make fast. Shak. To join; to fix; to 
fasten. Digby. [pynban, Sax.] To shut up; to en- 
close ; to confine : as, in pinfold. Hooker. 

PLNA'STER* pl-nas'-tfir. n.s. [Lat.] The wild 
pine. Anon. 

PPNCASE, pin'-kase. n. s. A pincushion. Skelton. 

PINCERS, pin'-surz. n. s. [pincette, Fr.] An instru- 
ment by which nails are drawn, or any thing is 
griped, which requires to be held hard. Spenser. 
The claw of an animal. Addison. 

$ry* This word is frequently mispronounced pinchers. W. 

ToPINCH^, plash, v.a. [pincer, Fr.] To squeeze 
between the fingers, or with the teeth. Shak. To 
hold hard with an instrument. To squeeze the 
flesh till it is pained or livid. Shak. To press be- 
tween hard bodies. To gall ; to fret. Shak, To 
gripe; to oppress: to straiten. Raleigh. To dis- 
tress ; to pain. Milton. To press ; to drive to diffi- 
culties. Watts. To try thoroughly; to force out 
what is contained within. Collier. 

To PINCH, plnsh. 35°2. v. n. To act with force, so 
as to be felt; to bear hard upon; to be puzzling. 
Dry den. To spare ; to be frugal. Ecclus. xi. 

PINCH, plnsh. n.s. [pincon, Fr.] A painful squeeze 
with the fingers. Dryden. A gripe ; a pain given. 
Shak. Oppression ; distress inflicted. Sliak. Dif- 
ficulty; time of distress. Bacon. In all the senses 
except the first, it is used only in low language. 

PPNCHBECK*, p?nsh/-bek. n. s. [from the name of 
the inventor.] Mixed gold-coloured metal. 

PI'NCHFIST. pfnsh'-fist. ) n. s. [pinch, fist, 

PPNCHPENNY, plnsh'-pen-ne. $ and penny] A 
miser. Huloet. 

PPNCUSHION, pln'-kush-fin. [See Cushion.] n.s. 
A small bag stuffed with bran or wool, on which 
pins are stuck. Addison. 

PINDA'RICK*, p?n-dar y -ik. n.s. An irregular ode ; 
so named from a pretended imitation of the odes of 
the Grecian poet Pindar. Addison. 

P1ND.VRICK*, p'fn-dar'-Ik. a. After the style or 
manner of Pindar. Addison. 

PI'NDUST, pfn'-dust. n. s. Small particles of metal 
made by pointing pins. Digby. 

PINE, pine. n.s. [pinus, Lat. ;pin, Fr. ; pinn, Sax.] 
A tree. Miller. 

To PINE 5, pine. v. n. [pman, Sd.x.;pijnen, Dutch.] 
To languish; to wear away with any kind of mise- 
ry. Spenser. To languish with desire. Shak. 

To PINE, phie. v. a. To wear out ; to make to lan- 
guish. Bp. Hall. To grieve for: to bemoan in si- 
lence. Milton. 

PINE*, pine. n.s. [pin, Sax.; pyne, Teut.] Wo; 
waotj suffering of any kind. Spenser. 



Pl'NEAPPLE, plne'-ap-pl. n.s. The anana, named 
for its resemblance to the cone of pines. Miller. 

PPNEAL^m'-ne-al. 507. a. [pineale, Fr.] Resem- 
bling a pine-apple. An epithet given by Des Car- 
tes to the gland which he imagined the seat of the 
soul. Arbuthnht. 

PFNEFUL*, pine'-ful. c Full of wo and lamenta 
lion. Bp. Hall. 

PFNERY*, pi'-nur-e. n.s. A place where pine-ap- 
ples are raised. 

PINFEATHERED, pln'-feTH-urd. 359. a. Not 
fledged ; having the feathers yet only beginning to 
shoot. Dryden. 

PPNFOLD, phi'-fold. n. s. [pinban, Sax. and fold.] 
A place in which beasts are confined. Spenser. 

PPNGLE, pJng'-gl. n. s. A small close; an enclosure 
Ainsu-ort.'i . 

PFNGUID, ping'-gwld. 340. a. [pinguis, Lat.] Fat; 
unctuous. Mortimer. 

PPNHOLE, phi'-hole. n. s. A small hole, such as is 
made by the perforation of a pin. Wiseman. 

PPNION $, pln'-yfin. 8, 113. n. s. [ pignon, Fr.] The 
joint of the wing remotest from the body; a feather 
or quill of the wing. Shak. Wing. Spenser. The 
tooth of a smaller wheel, answering to that of a 
larger. Fetters or bonds for the arms. Ainsworth. 

To PPNION, pm'-yun. v. a. To bind the wings. Ba- 
con. To confine by binding the wings; to maim 
by cutting off the first joint of the wing. To bind 
the arm to the body. Dryden. To confine by bind- 
ing the elbows to the sides. Dryden. To shackle ; 
to bind. Sliakspeare. To bind to. Pope. 

PFNIONED*, pm'-yund. a. Furnished with wings. 
Dryden. 

PINIONIST* p'fn'-yun-fst. n. s. Any bird that flies. 
Browne. 

PINK§, plngk. 408. n. g [pink, Dutch.) A small, 
fragrant flower of the gilliflower kind. Bacon. An 
eye ; commonly a small eye : as, pink-eyed. Shak. 
Any thing supremely excellent. Shak. A colour 
used by painters. Dryden. [pincke, Danish ; 
pinque, Fr.] A kind of heavy, narrow-steriied ship : 
hence the sea-term pink-sterned. Sliak. A fish ; 
the minnow. Ainsworth. 

To PINK, plngk. v.a. [pink, Dutch.] To work in 
eyelet holes ; to pierce in small holes. Shak. To 
pierce with a sword; to stab. Addison. 

To PINK, pingk. v. n. pincken, Dutch.] To wink 
with the eyes. L'Estrange. 

PINKEY'ED*, pfak'-lde. a. Having little eyes. Hol- 
land. 

PINKNEE'DLE*, pink-ne'-dl. n. s. A shepherd's 
bodkin. Sherwood. 

PINKSTE'RNED*, pink'-sternd. a, Having a nar- 
row stern : applied to ships. 

PPN MAKER, pm'-ma-kur. n. s. He who makes pins. 

PPNMONEY, pm'-mfin-ne. n. s. An annual sum 
settled on a wife to defray her own charges. Addi- 
son. 

PPNNACE, pln'-as. 91. n. s. [pinasse, Fr.] A boat 
belonging to a ship of war. It seems formerly to 
have signified rather a small sloop or bark attend 
ing a larger ship. Krwlles. 

PFNNACLE §, pln'-na-kl. 405. n.s. [pinnacle, Fr. , 
pinna, Lat.] A turret or elevation above the rest 
of the building. K. Charles. A high, spiring- point. 
Cowley. 

To PFNNACLE*, pfn'-na-kl. v. a. To build with 
pinnacles. Warlon. 

PINNAGE*, plp'-uaje. n.s. [from To pin.] Pound- 
age of cattle. Huloet. 

PI'NNATED*,pm'-na-ted.fi. [pinnatus, Lat.] Form- 
ed like a wing. Applied by botanists to leaves. 

PFNNER, pm'-nfir. 98. n. s. [pinna, Lat. ; or pinion.] 
The lappet of a head-dress which flies loose. Gay. 
A pinmaker. A pounder of cattle ; a keeper of 
the pound. Warton. 

PI NNOCK, pln'-u&k. n. s. The torn-lit. Ainsworth 

PINT, pint. 105. n.s. [pynt, Sax.] Half a quart; in 
medicine, twelve ounces ; a liquid measure. Dryden 

PPNULES, pfn'-ulz. n.s. [In astronomy.] The 
sights of an astrolabe. Diet. 
5 695 



PIR 



PIT 



OCT 559.— File, far, fill, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 






PI'N Y#, pl'-ne. a. Abounding witli pine trees. May. 

PIONE'ER, pi-6-neeH. n.s. [pionier, from pion, Fr.] 

One whose business is to level the road, throw up 

works, or sink mines in military operations. Bacon. 

PFONI1NG, pl'-o-nlng. n. s. Works of pioneers. 

Spenser. 
PI'ONY, pl'-un-e. 116. n. s. [pionie, Sax. ; pceonia, 

Lat.] A large flower. 
PPOlJS$, pi -us. 314. a. [pius,Lo.t] Careful of the 
duties owed by created !»eings to God ; godly ; re- 
ligious; such as is due to sacred things. Milton. 
Careful of the duties of near relation. Bp. Taylor. 
Practised under the appearance of religion. K. 
Clmrles. 
PFOUSLY, pl'-us-le. ad. r n a pious manner; reli- 
giously; with such regaru as is due to sacred 
things. Hammond. 
PIP $, pip. n.s. [pippe, Dutch.] A defluxion with 
which fowls are troubled ; a horny pellicle that 
grows on the tip of their lougues. Hndibras. A 
spot on the cards. Addison. A kernel in an apple. 
To PIP, pip. »! n. [pipio, Lat.] To chirp or cry as 

a bird. Boyle. 
PIPE 5, pipe. n. s [pib, Welsh; pipe, Sax.] Any 
long, hollow body ; a lube. Sliak. A tube of clay 
through which the fume of tobacco is drawn into 
the mouth. Bacon. An instrument of wind musick. 
Milion. The organs of voice and respiration ; as, 
the xv'md-pipe. Peacham. The key or sound of 
the voice. Sliak. An office of the exchequer. Ba- 
con, [peep, Dutch; pipe, Fr.] A liquid measure 
containing two hogsheads. Shakspeare. 
To PIPE, pipe. v. n. To play on the pipe. Camden. 

To emit a shrill sound; to whistle. Milton. 
To PIPE*, pipe. v. a. To play upon a pipe. 1 Cor. xiv. 
PITER, P F-p6r. 98. n. s. [pipepe, Sax.] One who 
plays on the pipe. Rev. xviii. A fish, resembling 
a gurnet. 
PFPETREE, plpe'-tree. n.s. The lilach tree. 
PFPING, plpe'-lng. 410. a. Weak ; feeble ; sickly : 
from the weak voice of the sick. Sliak. Hot ; 
boiling : from the sound of any thing that boils. It 
is used also metaphorically ,^with hot. Whitlock. 
PFPKIN, p'fp'-kln. n. s. [diminutive of pipe, a large 

vessel.] A small earthen boiler. Pope. 
PFPPIN, pip' -pin. n. s. [puppynghe, Dutch.] A 

sharp apple. Mortimer. 
PIQUANCY, plk'-kan-se. n.s. Sharpness; tartness. 

Evelyn. Severity. Barrow. 
PIQUANT $, pnV-kant. 415. a. [Fr.] Pricking; 
piercing ; stimulating to the taste. Addison. Sharp ; 
tart; pungent; severe. Bacon. 
PFQUANTLY, plk'-kant-ie. ad. Sharply; tartly. 

Locke. 
PIQUES, peek. 415. n. s. [Fr.] An ill-will; an of- 
fence taken ; petty malevolence. Bacon. A de- 
praved appetite. See Pica. Hndibras. Point ; 
nicety; punctilio. Dryden. A term at the game 
of piquet. 
To PIQUE, peek. 112. v. a. [piquer, Fr.] To touch 
with envy or virulency; to put into fret; to kindle 
lo emulation. Prior. To offend ; to irritate. Pope. 
[With the reciprocal pronoun.] To value ; to fix 
reputation as on a point. Locke. 
To PIQUE*, peek. v. n. To cause irritation. Tatler. 
To PIQUEE'R. See To Pickeer. 
PI QUEERER, pik-keer'-ur. n. s. A robber; a plun- 
derer. Swift. 
PIQUE'T, fc-kk>. 415. n. s. [piquet, Fr.] A game 

at cards. Prior. 
PIRACY, pl'-ra-se. [See Privacy.] n. s. [napa- 
Ttia, Gr. ; piratica, Lat.] The act or practice of 
robbing on the sea. Carew. Any robbery; par- 
ticularly literary theft. Johnson. 
PFRAT£$, pi'-rat. 91. n.s. [iteiparhg, Gr.; pirata, 
Lat.] A sea-robber. Bacon. Any robber ; partic- 
ularly a bookseller who seizes the copies of other 
men. Johnson. 
To Pl'RATE, pl'-rat. v. n. To rob by sea. Arbuth- 

not. 
To Pl'RATE, pl'-rat. t>. a. To take by robbery. 
Pope. 



PIRA'TICAL, pi-rat'-te-kal. 132. a. Predatory; 
robbing ; consisting in robbery. Bacon. Practising 
robbery. Pope. 

PIRATICALLY*, pi-rat'-te-kal-le. ad. By piracy. 
Bryant. 

PFRRY*, pir'-re. n. s. A rousch sale or storm. Sir 
T.EIyot. 5 ° 

PFSCARY, pis'-ka-re. n.s. A privilege of fishing. 
Diet. 

PISCA'TION §, pls-ka'-shfin. n.s. [piscaiio,h-eA.] 
The act or practice of fishing. Brown. 

PI'SCATORY, pis'-ka-tur-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. Relating to fishes. Addison. 

PISCES*, pls'-sez. n. s. [Lat.] The twelfth sign 
in the zodiack : the Fishes. 

PISCI'VOROUS, pis-siv'-vo-rus. 518. a. [piscis and 
voro.] Fish-eating; living on fish. Ray. 

PISH, pish, inter}. A contemptuous exclamation ; 
sometimes spoken and written pshaw. [psec, pseca, 
Sax.] Shakspeare. 

To PISH, pish. v. n. To express contempt. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

PFSM1RE, plz'-mlre. 434. n. s. [my pa, Sax. ; pis- 
miere, Dutch.] An ant; an emmet. Prior. 

To PISS§, pis. v. n. [pisser, Fr. ; pissen, Teut.] To 
make water. Dryden. 

PISS, pis. n.s. Urine ; animal water. Pope. 

PFSSABED, pls'-a-bed. n. s. A yellow flower grow- 
ing in the grass 

PFSSASPHALT*, pls'-sas-falt. n. s. [mesa and &a 
(pa\ros.] Pitch mixed with bitumen, natural or ar- 
tificial. Greenhill. 

PFSSBURNT, pis'-bSrnt. a. Stained with urine. 

PISTA'CHIO, pls-ta'-sho. n.s. [jristache, Fr.; pis- 
tacchi, Ital.; pistachia, Lat.] A nut of an oblong 
figure ; the kernel is of a green colour, and a soft 
and unctuous substance. Hill. 

PISTE, peest. n. s. [Fr.] The track or tread a 
horseman makes upon the ground he goes over. 

PISTILLA'TION, pis-til-la'-sh&n. n.s. [pistillum, 
L?t.] The act of pounding in a mortar. Brown. 

PFSTOL §, pis'-lal. 166. n. s. [pistole, pistolet, Fr.] A 
small handgun. Shakspeare. 

To PFSTOL, pis'-tol. v. a. [pistoler, Fr.] To shoot 
with a pistol. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

PISTO'LE, pis-t6le / . n. s. [pistole, Fr.] A coin of 
many countries and many degrees of value. Dry 
den. 

PFSTOLET, pis-to-leV. n. s. [diminutive of pistol.] 
A little pistol. Casaubon. A coin. Sir E. Sandys. 

PI'STON, pis'-tfin. 166. n.s. [Fr.] The movable 
part in several machines ; as in pumps and syr- 
inges, whereby the suction or attraction is caused ; 
an embolus/ - 

PIT §, pit. n.s. [pit, Sax.] A hole in the ground. 
Shak. Abyss; profundity. Milton. The grave. 
Psalm xxviii. The area on which cocks fight. 
Locke. The middle part of the theatre. Dryden. 
[pis, peis, old Fr.] Any hollow of the body : as 
the pit of the stomach ; the arm pit. A dint made 
by the finger. A mark made by a disease. 
To PIT, pit. v. a. To lay in a pit, or hole. Granger 
To press into hollows. Sharp. To mark with 
small hollows, as by the small pox. 

PFTAPAT, pit'-a-pat. n. s. [probably from pas a pas, 
or paite patte, Fr.] A flutter ; a palpitation. L' Es- 
trange. A light, quick step. Dryden. 

PITCH §, pllsh. n.s. [pic, Sax. ; pix,L<\\.] The resin 
of the pine extracted by fire and inspissated. Prov- 
erbs, [from picts, Fr.] Any degree of elevation or 
height. Spenser. Highest rise. Slwik. State with 
respect to lowness or height. Milton. Size ; stature. 
Spenser. Degree; rate. Milton. 
To PITCH §, pitsh. v. a. preterit pitched, participle 
pitched, anciently pight. To fix ; to plant. Shak. 
To order regularly. Hooker. To throw headlong; 
to cast forward. Shak. To smear with pitch. Dry- 
den. To darken. Shak. To pave. Ainsworth. 
To PITCH, pitsh. v. n. To light ; to drop. Morti- 
mer. To fall headlong. Dryden. To fix choice : 
with upon. Hndibras. To fix a tent or temnorarv 
habitation. 1 Mace. iii. 

696 



PIT 



PLA 



—116. move, liiir. not ;— ti'ibe, nib, bi\ll ;— 6tl ;— pound ;— //iin, iiiis. 



PITCHER, pftsh'-flr. 98. «. s . [picher, Fr.] An 
earthen vessel ; a water-pot. Spenser. An instru- 
ment to pierce the ground in which any thing is to 
be fixed. Mortimer. 

PITCHFA'RTHING*, pltsh'-far-THfnff. n.8. A 
play (otherwise called cltuck) of pitching copper 
mono v into a round hole. Ld. Chesterfield. 

PITCHFORK, pfcsh'-fork. n. s. A Cork wilh which 
corn is pitched or thrown upon the wagon. Swift. 

P1TCHINESS, pitsh -e-n&3. n. s. Blackness; dark- 
ness. 

ITTCHPIPE*, pitsh'-pipe. n. s. An instrument to 
regulate the voice, and to give the leading note of 
a tune : used by singers in churches. Spectator. 

PITCHY, pitsh'-e. a. Smeared with pitch. Dryden. 
Having the qualities of pitch. Woodward. Black; 
dark ; dismal. Shakspeare. 

PITCOAL, p?t'-k6lc. n. s. Fossil coal. Mortimer. 

PITEOUS, pitsh'-e-Os. 263. a. [from pity.] Sorrow- 
ful ; mournful ; exciting pity. Spenser. Compas- 
sionate; tender. Prior. Wretched; paltry; piti- 

1TTE0USLY, pftsh'-e-us-le. ad. In a piteous man- 
ner ; in a manner exciting pity. Hammond. 
PITEOUSNESS, pltsh'-e-us-nes. n. s. Sorrowful- 
ness ; tenderness. 
PITFALL, pit'-f all. 406. n. s. A pit dug and cov- 
ered, into which a passenger falls unexpectedly. 
Shakspeare. 
To PITFALL*, pit -fall. v. n. To lead into a pitfall. 

Mi /ton. 
PITH$, pfcft. 467. n. s. [piSa, Sax.] The marrow of 
the plant ; the soft part in the midst of the wood. 
Bacon. Marrow. Donne. Strength ; force. Skak. 
Energy; cogency; fulness of sentiment ; closeness 
and vigour of thought and style. Mirror for Mag. 
Weight ; moment ; principal part. Shakspeare. 
The quintessence ; the chief part. Slw.kspea.re. 
PITHILY, pW-e-le. ad. With strength ; with co- 
gency ; with force. Milton. 
PITHINESS, pftfi'-e-ngs. n. s. Energy ; strength. 

E. K. on Spenser. 
PITHLESS, pfo/i'-les. a. Wanting pith ; wanting 
strength. Shakspeare. Wanting energy; wanting 
force. 
PI THOLE*, plt'-hole. n. s. A mark or cavity made 

bv disease. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
PITHY, pfe/i'-e. a. Consisting of pith ; abounding 
with pith. Grew. Strong ; forcible ; cnergetick. 
Spenser. 
PITIABLE, plt'-te-a-bl. 405. a. [pitoy able ,Fr.] De- 
serving pity. Atterburij. 
3^= The diphthong ia in this word does not draw the pre- 
ceding t to tsh, as in piteous, and the reason seen'is to be 
the same as that which preserves the same letter pure 
in mightier, weightier, &c. ; that is, the termination; 
able, though derived from the Latin, is often used in 
composition with pure English words, like the personal 
and comparative terminations cr, eth, &e. ; and, there- 
fore, the general rule in English composition is adhered 
to, which is, that simples preserve their sound and ac- 
cent, whatever terminations arc annexed to them. W. 
PITIABLENESS, pit'-te-a-bl-nes. n. s. State of de- 
serving j)ity. Kettlewell.^ 

a situation to be 



PI TIEDLY*, plt'-te-ed-le. ad. In 
pitied. Feltham. 

PITIFUL, p'ft'-te-ful. a. Tender; compassionate. 1 
Pet. iii. Melancholy ; moving compassion, Spen- 
ser. Paltry; contemptible; despicaole. Snak. 

PITIFULLY, pV-te-f u!-e. ad. With pity ; with 
compassion. Comm. Prayer. Mournfully; in a 
manner that moves compassion. Tillotson. Con- 
temptibly ; despicably. Richardson. 

PITIFULNESS, pfV-te-f fiUes. n. s. Tenderness ; 
mercy ; compassion. Sidney. Despicableness ; 
contemptibleness. 

PITILESS, pft'-te-lgs, a. Wanting pity ; wanting 
compassion; merciless. Spenser. Unpitied. Da- 
vids. 

PITILESSLY, plt'ti-leVle. ad. Without mercy. 
Sherwood. 

PITILESSNESS, pit'-te-lSs-nSs. n. s. Unmerciful- 
ness. 



P] T.MAN, p?i'-man. 88. n. s. He that, in sawing tim- 
ber, works below in the pit. Mo.ron. 

PITSAW, pn/dkv. n.s. The large saw used by 
two men, ofj^Hatone is in the pit. Mo.ron 

PITTA NC]^»tanse. n. s. [pitance, Fi\] An al- 
lowance orW^t in addition to the usual commons; 
a mess of victuals. Chancer. A small portion. 
Shakspeare. 

PITUTrARY^po-tiV-e-ta-re. a. Conducting phlegm. 
Reid. 

PITUITES, pft'-tshu-ltc. 155. n.s. [pituite, Fr. ; 
pibuita, Lat.] Phlegm. Arlndhnot. 

PITUTrOUS, pe-tiV-e-tOs. WL a. Consisting of 
phlegm. Broivn. 

PITYl, plt'-te. n.s. [pitie, Fr. ; pieta, Ital.] Com- 
passion ; sympathy with misery ; tenderness for 
pain or uneasiness. Waller. — A ground 0/ pity. A 
subject of pity or of grief. Bacon. — It has a plural 
in low language : as. " a thousand pities. 1 ' L' Es- 
trange. 

To PITY, pit'-te. v. a. [pitoyer,Fr.] To compassion- 
ate misery ; to regard with tenderness on account 
of unhappiness. Psalm cvi. 

To PITY, pll'-te. v. n. To be compassionate. Jer. 
xiii. 

PIWOT, plv'-v&t. n.s. [pivot, Fr.] A pin on which 
any thing turns. Dryden. 

PIX, plks. n. s. [pivis, Lai.] A little chest or box, 
in which the consecrated host is kept in Roman 
Catholick countries. Slowe. A box used for the tri- 
al of gold and silver coin. Leake. 

PPZZLE, plz'-zl. n. s. The part in animals official 
to urine and generation. Brown. 

PLACABFLITY. pla.-ka-biF.e-te. ) n. s. Willing- 

PLA'CABLENESS, pla'-ka-bl-nes. \ ness to be 

appeased ; possibility to be appeased. Sir T. El- 

yot. 

PLA'CATiLES, plaMca-bl. 405. a. [placabilis, Lat:] 

Willing or possible to be appeased. Milton. 

§0" Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, and Buchanan, 
make the radical a, in this rrard and its derivatives, long, 
as I have done ; but Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry make it 
short. Mr. Scott marks it both ways, but seems to give 
the short, sound the preference by placing it first. This, 
from the shortening power of the antepenultimate ac- 
cent, it must be confessed, is the most analogical, 535 ; 
but this word and its companion, capable, seem immov- 
ably fixed in the long sound of the antepenultimate, 
though the in the same situation, in dociblc and indo- 
cible, evidently inclines to the short sound. — See Inca- 
pable and Indocile. TV. 

PLACA'RD, plak-ard'. )n. s. [ plakaert, Dutch ; 
PLACA'RT, plak-art'. S placard, Fr.]. An edict ; 

a declaration ; a manifesto ; an advertisement or 

publick notification. 

95= Bailey places the accent on the first syllable of plac- 
ard, and Penning on the first of both these words ; all 
our other orthoepists place the accent as I have done. 
W. 

To PLACARD* pldk-ard'. v. a. To notify publick- 
ly : in colloquial language, to post. 

To PLACATE, plak-ate'. v. a. [placo, Lat.] To 
appease ; to reconcile. Forbes. 

PLACER plise. n. s. [place, Fr.; pkece. Sax.] Par- 
ticular portion of space. Dent. i. Locality ; ubiety; 
local relation. Lock?. Local existence. Rev. xx. 
Space in general. Daries. Separate room. Slmk. 
A seat ; residence ; mansion. Spenser. Passage 
in writing, Bacon. Ordinal relation. Hooker. 
State of actual operation; effect. Shak. Exist- 
ence. Swift. Rank; order of priority. Shak. 
Precedence; priority. This sense is commonly 
used in the phrase take place. B. Jonson. Office ; 
publick character or employment. Shak. Room ; 
way ; space for appearing or acting given by ces- 
sion, not opposition. Ro?n. xii. Ground ; room. 
St. John, vw. Station in life. Whole duty of Man. 
Height. Shakspeare. 

To PLACE, pla.se. v. a. [placer, Fr.] To put in any 
place, rank, condition, or office. Ex. xviii. T 
fix ; to settle ; to establish. Dryden. To put of 
interest. Pope. 

697 



. 







♦ PLA 












PLA 


(0=559.- 


-Fate, far, 


fan, 


fat; 


—me, met ; 


—pine, plr 


»;— 



PLA'CEMAN* plase'-man. n. s. One who exercises 
a publick employment, or fills a publick station. 

PLACENTA*, pla-sen'-ta. n^TLat.] A sub- 
stance in the womb 5 called also, from the original 
usage of the Latin word, the womb-ffa&e. Dr. Hun- 
ter. 

PLA'CER, pla'-sfir. 98. n. s. One who places. Spe7i- 
ser. 

PLA'C!D$, plas'-sid. a. [placidus, Lat.] Gentle; 
quiet; not turbulent. Bacon. Soft; kind ; mild. 
Milton. 

PL ACIDITY*, pla-sld'-e-te. ) n. s. Mildness ; gen- 

PLA'CIDNESS*, plls'-sid-n^s. \ tleness ; sweetness 
of disposition. Chandler. 

PLA'CIDLY, plas'-sM-le. ad Mildly; gently; with 
quietness. Bp. Taylor 

PLA'CIT, plas'-it. n. s. [placitum, Lat.] Decree; 
determination. GlanviUe. 

PLA'CKET, or PLA'QUET, plak'-kit. 99. n. s. 
fdiminut. a Su. Goth, plagg.} A petticoat. Shale. 

PLA'GIARISM, pla'-ja-rkm. n. s. Literary theft ; 
adoption of the thoughts or works of another. 
Sw(ft. 

PLA'GIARY$, pla'-ja-re. n. s. [plagium, Lat.; 
plagiaire, Fr.] A thief in literature ; one who steals 
the thoughts or writings of another. South. The 
crime of literary theft. Brown. 

$5= Mr. Elphinston and some respectable speakers pro- 
nounce this word with the first vowel short, as if writ- 
ten plad-jary .- but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, 
Mr. Buchanan, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, and Entickj 
mark it with the along, as if written play-jary : and to 
know which is the true pronunciation, we need only re- 
cur to analogy, which tells us, that every vowel, except 
i, having the accent, and being followed by a diphthong, 
is long.— See Pr inciples, No. 505, 507. TV. 

PLA'GIARY*, pla'-ja-re. a. Stealing men. Brown. 

Practising literary theft. Bp. Hall. 
PLAGUE £plag. 337. n. s. [plaga, Lat. ; v\r,yh, Gr.] 
Pestilence ; a disease eminently contagious and de- 
structive. Bacon. State of misery. Ps. xxxviii. 
Any thing troublesome or vexatious. Shakspeare. 
To PLAGUE, plag. v. a. To infect with pestilence. 
To infest with disease ; to oppress with calamity. 
Milton. To trouble ; to tease ; to vex ; to harass ; 
to torment; to afflict; to distress; to torture; to 
embarrass ; to excruciate ; to make uneasy ; to 
disturb. In this sense it is used ludicrously. Svens. 
PLA'GUEFUL* plag'-ful. a. Infecting with 
plagues ; abounding with plagues. Mirror for 
Magistrates. 
PLA'GUILY, pla'-ge-le. 560. ad. Vexaliously ; hor- 
ribly. Drijden. A low word. 
PLA'GUY, pla'-ge. 345. a. Full of the plague ; re- 
lating to the plague. Donne. Vexatious; trouble- 
some. Hudibras. 
PLAICE, plase. 202. n. s. [plate, Dutch.] A flat fish. 

Bp. Hall. 
PLAICE-MOUTH*, plase'-mofa/t. n. s. A wry 

mouth. B. Jonson. 
PLAID, plad. 204. 7i.s. [plat, M. Goth.] Astripedor 
variegated cloth ; an outer loose weed worn much 
by the Highlanders in Scotland : there is a particu- 
lar kind worn too bv the women. Temple. 
PLAINS, plane. 202. a. [planus, Lat.] Smooth; 
level ; flat ; free from protuberances or excrescen- 
ces. In this sense it is frequently written plane. 
Spenser. Open ; clear ; flat. Felton. Void of orna- 
ment ; simple. Drijden. Artless ; not subtle ; not 
specious ; not learned ; simple. Bacon. Honestly 
rough ; open ; sincere ; not soft in language. Ba- 
con. Mere; bare. Sliak. Evident ; clear; dis- 
cernible ; not obscure. Clarendon. Not varied by 
much art ; simple. Sidney. 
PLAIN, plane, ad. Not obscurely. Distinctly; ar- 
ticulately. St. Mark, vii. Simply ; with rough sin- 
cerity. Addison. 
PLAIN, plane, n. s. [plaine, Fr.] Level ground ; 
open field ; flat expanse ; often, a field of battle. 
Gen. xi. 
To PLAIN, plane, v. a. To level ; to make even. 
Hayward. To make plain or clear. Shakspeare. 



To PLAINS, plane, v.n. [phxindreje plains, Fr.] 
To lament ; to wail. Milton. Little used. 

To PLAIN*, plane, v. a. To lament. Spenser. 

PLAINDEA'LING, plane-de'-ling.a. Honest ; open ; 
acting without art. Shakspeare. 

PLAINDEA'LING, plane-de'-tfng. 410. n. s. Man- 
agement void of art; sincerity. Denliam. 

PLAINHEA'RTED*, plane-hart'-ed. a. Having a 
sincere, honest heart. Milton. 

PLAINHEA'RTEDNESS*, plane-hart'-Sd-nes. n.s. 
Sincerity. Hallywell. 

PLAFNLY, plane'-le. ad. Levelly ; flatly. Not sub- 
tly; not speciously. Without ornament. With- 
out gloss ; sincerely. Pope. In earnest ; fairly. 
Clarendon. Evidently; clearly; not obscurely 
Hooker. 

PLAFNING*, pla/-nmg. n.s. Complaint. SlwJc. 

PLAFNNESS, plane'-n£s. n. s. Levelness ; flatness. 
Want of ornament; want of show. Bp. Taylor. 
Openness; rough sincerity. Sidney. Artlessness; 
simplicity. Mirror for Magistrates. 

PLAFNSONG*, plane'-s6ng. n. s. The plain, unva- 
ried, ecclesiastical chant ; the planus cantos of the 
Romish church ; so called in contradistinction to 
j)rick-song, or variegated musick sung by note. 
Shakspeare. 

PLAINSPOKEN*. plane'-spi'-kn. a. Speaking 
with rough sincerity. Dryden. 

PLAINT, plant, n. s. [plaint, old Fr.] Lamentation; 
complaint ; lament. Sidney. Exprobration of in 
jury. Bacon. Expression of sorrow. Daniel. [In 
law.] The propounding or exhibiting of any action, 
personal or real, in writing. Cotoel. 

PLAFNTFUL, plant'-ful. a. Complaining ; audibly 
sorrowful. Sidney. 

PLAFNTIFF, plane'-tif. n. s. [plaintif, Fr.] He 
that commences a suit in law against another: op- 
posed to the defendant. Dryden. 

§Cr" This word was universally, till of late years, pro- 
nounced with the first syllable like plan, as appears by 
its being adopted by Mr. Scott, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. 
Perry, W. Johnston, and Dr. Kenrick ; but a laudable 
desire of reforming the language has restored the diph- 
thong to its true sound; and the first syllable of this 
word, like plane, is now the current pronunciation of 
all our courts of justice. Mr. Sheridan and Enlick 
agree in this pronunciation. TV. 

PLAFNTIFF, plane'-tlf. a. Complaining. Prior. 
Ob. J. 

PLAFNTD7E, plane'-tiv. a. Complaining; lament- 
ing; expressive of sorrow. Dryaen. 

PLAFNTIVELY*, plane'-tiv-le. ad. In a manner 
expressing grief or sorrow. 

PLAFNT1VENESS*, plane'-liv-n£s. n.s. State or 
quality of being plaintive. 

PLAFNTLESS*, plant'-les. a. Without complaint ; 
unrepining. 

PLAFNWORK, plane'-wurk. n. s. Needlework, as 
distinguished from embroidery ; the, common prac- 
tice of sewing or making linen garments. Pope. 

PLAIT, plate. 202. n.s. [pleth, Welsh.] A fold 5 a, 
double. Davies. 

To PLAITS, plate, v. a. [plaeta, Su. Goth.] To 
fold ; to double. Pope. To weave ; to braid. 1 
Pet. iii. To entangle ; to involve. Shakspeare. 

95= There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, as if 
written plete, which must be carefully avoided. TV. 

PL AFTER, plate'-fir. 98. n.s. He that plaits. 
PLAN §,plan. n. s. [plan, Fr.] A scheme ; a form ; 

a model. Addison. A plot of any building or ich- 

nography ; form of any thing laid down on paper. 

Prior. 
To PLAN, plan. v. a. To scheme ; to form in design. 

Pope. 
PLA'NARY, pla'-na-re. a. Pertaining to a plane. 

Diet. 
ToPLANCHS* plantsh. v. a. [planclier, FrJ To 

plank ; to cover with boards ; to patch. Sir A. 

Gorges. 
PLA'NCHED, plantsh'-eU a. Made of boards. Shik, 
PLA'NCHER, plantsh'-fir. n. s. [plancher, Fr.] A 

floor of wood. Bacon. 

698 



PLA 








PLA 


— nd, move 


nor, n6t ; 


— tiSbe, tftb, bfill ;— 611 ; 


— pSflnd 


, — thin, THis. 



PLAHNCHING, plantsh'-fag. «. s. [In carpentry.] 
The laying the floors of a building ; a wooden 
flooring. Carew. 
PLANER, plane, n. s. [planus, Lat.] A level sur- 
face. Bentley. [plane, Fr.] An instrument by 
which the surface of boards is smoothed. Moxoii. 
To PLANE, plane, v. a. [planer, Fr.] To level ; to 
smooth ; to free from inequalities. Arbuthnot. To 
smooth with a plane. Moxon. 
PLANER*, pla'-nar. n. 5. One who smooths with a 

plane. Sherwood. 
PLANE-TREE, plane'-tree. n.s. [plane, platane, 

Fr.l A tree. Miller. 
PLA NET*, planMt. 99. n. s. [planeta, Lat.] Plan- 
ets are the erratick or wandering stars ; we now 
number the earth among the primary planets, be- ! 
cause we know it moves round the sun ; and the 
'moon is accounted among the secondary planets' 
or satellites of the primary, since she moves round | 
the earth. Harris. 
PLA NETARY, plan'-ne-tar-re. a. [pianctaire, Fr.] 
Pertaining to the planets. Milton. Under thedomi- i 
nation of any particular planet. Drijclen. Produc-j 
ed by the planets. Shalcspeare. Having the nature • 
of a planet-, erratick. Blackmore. 
PLANETED* plan'-ft-ed. a. Belonging to planets, j 

Young. 
PLANE TIC AL, plan-n6t'-te-kal. a. Pertaining to j 

planets. Brown. 
PLA'NETSTRUCK, plan'-lt-str&k. a. Blasted, j 

Suckling. 
PLANIFO LIOUS, pla-ne-f6Me-ns. a. [planus and ; 
folium, Lat.] Flowers made up of plain leaves, set 
"together in circular rows round the centre. Diet. 
PL ANDIE'TRICAL. pla-ne-met'-re-kal. a. Pertain- 
ing to the mensuration of plain surfaces. 
PL ANFMETRY §, pla-nV-e-tre . n. s. [planus, Lat. 
and ne-piio, Gr.] The mensuration of plain sur- 
faces. 
PLANIPETALOUS, pla-ne-pet'-a-l&s. a. [planus, 
Lat. and tzitoXov, Gr.] Flat-leaved, as when the 
small flowers are hollow only at the bottom, but flat 
upwards. Diet. 
To PLANISH, plan'-fsh. v. a. To polish; to smooth. 
PLA NISPHERE, plan'-ne-sfere. n.s. [planus,hal. 
and sphere.'] A sphere projected on a plane ; a map 
of one or both hemispheres. Gregory. 
PLANK §, plangk. 408. n. s. [plancke, old Fr.] A 

thick, strong board. Abbot. 
To PLANK, plangk. v. a. To cover or lay with 

planks. Bacon. 
PLA'NNER*, plan'-nor. n. s. One who forms any 

plan or design. 
PLANOCO'NICAL, pla-no-kon'-ne-kal. j. [planus 
and conns.] Level on one side and conical on oth- 
ers. Grew. 
PLANOCONVEX, pl'i-no-kon'-veks. a. [planus 
and convexus.] Flat on the one side and convex 
on the other. Newton. 
PLANT}, plant, n. s. [plant, Sax.; plant, Fr.; 
planta, Lat.] Any thing produced from seed; any 
vegetable production. Bay. A sapling. Dryden. 
[planta, Lat.] The sole of the foot. Cluipinan. 
Z£f There is a coarse pronunciation of this word, chiefly 
among the vulgar, which rhymes it with aunt. This 
pronunciation seems a remnant of that broad sound 
which was probably given to the a before two conso- 
nants in all words, but which has been gradually wear- 
ing away, and which is now, except in a few words, he- 
come a mark of vulgarity. — See Principles, No. 79. W. 

To PLANT,plant. v. a. [planto, Lat. ; planter, Fr. ; 
planfcian, Sax.] To put into the ground in order 
to grow ; to set; to cultivate. Dent. xvi. To pro- 
create ; to generate. Sliak. To place ; to fix. Shak. 
To settle ; to establish : as, to plant a colony. Mil- 
ton. To fill or adorn with something planted : as, 
He planted the garden or the country. Johnson. To 
direct properly : as, to plant a cannon. 

To PLANT, plant, v. a. To perform the act of plant- 
ing. Bacon. 

PLA'NTAGE, plan'-tfdje. 90. n. s. [plantago, Lat.] 
An herb, or herbs in general. Shakspeare. 



PLA'NTAIN, plan'-tln. 202. n.s. [Fr. ; plantcgo, 
Lat.] An herb. More. A tree in the West Indies, 
which bears an esculent fruit. Waller. 

PLA'NTAL, pRn'-tal. 88. a. Pertaining to plants. 
Glanvilh: Oh. J. 

PL VNTA TION. plan-ta'-shon. n. s. [planlatio, Lat.] 
The actor practice of planting. The place planted. 
Dryden. A colony. Bacon. Introduction; estab- 
lishment. King Charles. 

PLA'NTED, plant'-ed. participle. Settled ; well- 
grounded. Shakspeare. 

PLA'NTER, plant'-fir. 98. n. s. [planleur, Fr.] One 
who sows, sets, or cultivates ; cultivator. Dryden. 
One who cultivates ground in the West Indian 
colonies. Locke. One who disseminates or intro- 
duces. Nelson. 

PLA NTING*, planting, n. s. [plantun^, Sax.] 
Plantation. IscaaJi,ha. 

PLASH §, plash, n.s. [plasche, Teut ; platz, Dan.] 
A small lake of water or puddle. Shak. Branch 
partly cut off and bound to other branches. Morti- 
mer. 

To PLASH*, plash, v. a. [plasschen, Teut.] To 
make a noise by moving or disturbing water. Sir 
T. Herbert. 

To PLASH, plash, v. a. [plesser, Fr.] To inter- 
weave branches. Evelyn. 

PLA'SHY, plash'-e. a. Watery; filled with puddles. 
Sandys. 

PLASM $, plazm. n.s. [■Adcfia.'] A mould; a matrix 
in which any thing is cast or formed. Woodward. 

PLASMA'TICAL*, plaz-mal'-e-kal. a. Having the 

fower of giving form. 31ore. 
A'STER§, plas'-tur. 98. n.s. [piastre, old Fr. , 
Tz\dc(TU), Gr.] Substance made of water and some 
absorbent matter, such as chalk or lime well pul- 
verized, with which walls are overlaid or figures 
cast. Dan. v. [pla^cep, Sax.] A glutinous or ad' 
hesive salve. Hooker. 

To PLA'STER, plas'-tur. v. a. [plastrer,F\:.] To 
overlay as with plaster. Shak. To cover with a 
viscous salve or medicated plaster. South. 

PLA'STERER. plas'-tur-fir. n. s. [plastrier, Fr.] 
One whose trade is to overlay walls with plaster. 
Slud: One who forms figures in plaster. Wotton. 

PLASTERING*, plas'-tur-hig. n.s. Work done in 
plaster. Ecchis. xxii. 

PLA'STICAL*. plas'-te-kal. ) a. J>Wr«as.] Hav- 

PLA'STICK, pl'as'-tik. 5 ing the power to 

give form. More. 

PLASTRON, plas'-trfin. 99. n. s. [Fr.] A piece 
of leather stuffed, which fencers use, when they 
teach their scholars, in order to receive the pushes 
made at them. Dryden. 

To PLAT*, plat. n. a. [plaeta, Su. Goth.] To 
weave ; to make by texture. St. Matt, xxvii. 

PLAT*, plat. ; n. s. Work performed by 

PLATTING*, plat'-llng. } platting. Bp. Berkeley. 

PLAT, plat. n. s. [plot; Su. Goth. ; plat, Teut.] A 
small piece of ground ; usually, a smooth or plain 
portion of ground. 2 Kings, ix. 

PLAT*, plat. a. Plain. Cliaucer. Ob. T. 

PLAT*, plat. ad. [plat, Teut.] Plainly; downright. 
Chaucer. Plainly; smoothly. Drant. Ob. T. 

PLA'TANE, plal'-tan. n. s. [ platanus, Lat. ; i:\dra- 
vos , Gr.] The plane tree. Spenser. 



PLATE 1 



)late. 



[plate, Teut. and old Fr. 



platunft, Sax.] A piece of metal beat out into 
breadth. Sludc. Armour of plates; broad, solid 
armour as distinguished from mail, which was 
composed of small pieces or scales. Spenser, [pla- 
ta, Span.] Wrought silver. B. Jonson. [plat, Fr.] 
A small, shallow vessel of metal, wood, china, or 
earthen ware, on which meat is ^aten. Dryden. 

To PLATE, plate, v. a. To cover with plates. San- 
dys. To arm with plates. Sluxk. To beat into 
laminae or plates. Dryden. 

PLA'TEN, plat'-en. 103. n.s. [Among printers.] The 
flat part of the press whereby the impression is 
made. 

PLA'TFORM, plat'-form. n. s. [platie forme, Teut.] 
The sketch of any thing horizontally delineated ; 
699 



PLA 



PLE 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m£t ;— pine, p?n 



the ichnography. Sandys. A place laid out after 
any model. Pope. A level place before a fortifi- 
cation. Shak. A scheme ; apian. Hooker. 
PLA'TICK Aspect. [In astrology.] A ray cast from 
one planet to another, not exactly, but within the 
orbit of its own light. Bailey. 
PLA'TINA* plat'-e-na. n. s. [probably from the 
Span, plata, silver.] A metal but recently known, 
or the colour of silver, but less bright ; heavier than 
gold ; and, next to iron, the hardest of metals, and 
very difficult to work. It is found in South America. 
PLATONICAL*, pla-t(W-e-kal. ) a. Relating to 
PLATO'MCK*, pla-ton'-fk. ) the philosophy, 
opinions, or school of Plato. Bp. Hall. [Platonick 
love, a pure affection ; an affection subsisting between 
the sexes, which respects the mind only. Perry.] 
PLATO'NICALLY*, pliUon'-e-kal-le. ad. After 

the manner of the philosopher Piato. Wotton. 
PLATONISM*, plat'-o-nfzm. n. s. The philosophy 

of Plato. More. 
PLA'TONIST*, plaY-6-nlst. ) u. s. One who fol- 
PLATONIZER* plaf-6-ni-zur. S lows the opin- 
ions and manner of Plato. Hammond. 
To PLATONIZE*, plat'-o-nlze. r. n. To adopt the 

opinions or assertions of Plato. Hakewill. 
PLATO'ON, pla-toon'. [See Encore.] n.s. [a cor- 
ruption of peloton, Fr.] A small, square body of 
musketeers, drawn out of a battalion of foot, when 
they form the hollow square, to strengthen the an- 
gles ; the grenadiers are generally thus posted ; 
yet a party from any other division is called a pla- 
toon, when intending too far from the main body. 
Military Diet. 
PLANTER, plaf-tur. 91. n. s. [from plate.] A large 
dish, generally of earth. Hakewill. [from To plat.] 
One whoplats or weaves. 

PLAUSIBFLITY, plaw-ze-WF-e-te. n.s. Specious- 
ness ; superficial appearance of right. Sioift. 

PLAU'SIBLE $, plaw'-ze-bl. a. [plausible, Fr. ; 
plausibilis, Lat.] Such as gains approbation ; su- 
perficially pleasing or taking ; specious ; popular ; 
right in appearance. Bacon. 

PLAU'SIBLENESS, plaw'-ze-bl-n&s. n. s. Spe- 
ciousness ; show of right. Sanderson. 

PLAUSIBLY, plaw'-ze-ble. ad. With fair show ; 
speciouslv. Collier. With applause. Brown. 

PLAU'SIVE, pkW-sk. 153,428. a. Applauding. 
Young. Plausible. Shakspeare. 

To PLAY $,pla. 220. v. n. [pieman, Sax.] To sport 5 
to frolick ; to do something not as a task, but for 
a pleasure. Exod. xxxii. To toy ; to act with levity. 
Milton. To be dismissed from work. Shak. To 
trifle ; to act wantonly and thoughtlessly. Temple. 
To do something fanciful. Shak. To practise sar- 
castick merriment. Pope. To mock ; to practise 
illusion. Shak. To game : to contend at some 
game. Sliak. To do any thing trickish or deceit- 
ful. Shak. To touch a musical instrument. Ezek. 
xxxiii. To operate ; to act. Dryden. To wan- 
ton; to move irregularly. Milton. To personate 
a drama. Shak. To represent a standing character. 
Donne'. To act in any certain character. Shak. 

To PLAY, pla. v. a. To put in action or motion : 
as, He played his cannon ; The engines are played 
at a fire. South. To use an instrument of musick. 
To perform a piece of musick. Avison. To act a 
mirthful character. Milton. To exhibit dramati- 
cally. Shak. To act ; to perform. Sidney. 

PLAY, pla. n.s. Action not imposed; not work; 
dismission from work. Amusement ; sport. Spenser. 
A drama ; a comedy or tragedy, or any thing in 
which characters are represented by dialogue and 
action. Dryden. Game; practice of gaming; 
contest at a game. Shak. Practice in any contest : 
as sword-play. Tillotson. Action; employment; 
office. Dryden. Practice; action; manner of act- 
ing : as, fair and foul play. Sidney. Act of touching 
an instrument. Irregular and wanton motion. A 
state of agitation or ventilation. Dryden. Room for 
motion. Moxon. Liberty of acting; swing. Addison. 



PLAYBOOK, p]a/-b66k 

compositions. Swift. 
PLAYDA Y, pla'-da. n 

work. Swift. 
PLAYDEBT, pla'-det 

gaming. Arbuthnot. 
PLAYER, pla'-ur. 98. 

idler; a lazy person 



Book of dramatick 
5. Day exempt from tasks or 
n. s. Debt contracted by 



n. s. One who plays. An 

SJuik. Actor of dramatick 

scenes. Sidney. A mimick. Dryden. One who 

touches a musical instrument. 1 Sam. A gamester. 

One who acts in play in a certain manner. Carew. 

PLAYFELLOW, pkV-fel-lo. n. s. Companion in 

amusement. Sidney. 
PLAYFERE*, pla'-fere. n. s. [play and fere. See 

Fere.] A playfellow. Gower. Ob. T. 
PLA'YFUL, pla'-ful. a. Sportive ; full of levity. Addis. 
PLAYGAME, pla'-game. n. s. PJay of children. 

Locke. 
PLA'YHOUSE, pla'-hSus. n. s. House where dra- 
matick performances are represented. Slutkspeure. 
PLA'YMATE*, playmate, n. s. Playfellow; com 

panion in amusement. More. 
PLA'YPLEASURE, pla'-plgzh-ure. n. s. Idle 

amusement. Bacon. 
PLAYSOME §, pla'-sum. a. Wanton; full of levity 

Shelton. 
PLAYSQMENESS, pla'-sum-nes. n. s. Wanton 

ness ; levity. 
PLAYTHING, pla'-^fng. n. s. Toy; thing to play 

with. Locke. 
PL AYWRIGHT, pla/-rlte. n.s. A maker of plays. 

Pope. 
PLEA, pie. 227. n. s. [plaid, old Fr.] The act or form 
of pleading. The thing offered or demanded in 
pleading. Shak. Allegation. Milton. An apology ; 
an excuse. Milton. 
To PLEACH, pletsh. 227. v. a. [plesser, Fr. ; t:\(ku, 

Gr.l To bend ; to interweave. SJuxkspeare. 
To PLEAD §, plede. 227. v. n. [pledier, pUder, old 
Fr. ; phiider, modern.] To argue before a court of 
justice. Spenser. To speak in an argumentative or 
persuasive way, for or against ; to reason with an- 
other. Shak. To be offered as a plea. Dryden. 
To PLEAD, plede. v. a. To defend; to discuss. 
Shak. To allege in pleading or argument. Spen- 
ser. To offer as an excuse. Dryden. 
PLEADABLE, ple'-da-bl. a. [plaidoyabte, Fr.] Ca- 

fable to be alleged in plea. Howell. 
E ADER, ple'-dur. 98. n. s. One who argues in 
a court of justice. Gower. One who speaks for 
or against. Bp. Taylor. 

PLEADING, ple'-d'ing. 410. n. s. Act or form of 
pleading. Swift. 

PLEASANCE, ple'-zanse. 234. n. s. [plaisance, Fr.] 
Gayety ; pleasantry ; merriment. Spenser. Ob. J. 

PLEASANT §, pleV-zant. 234/ a. [plaisant, Fr.] 
Delightful; giving delight. Shak. Grateful to the 
senses. Dan. x. Good-humoured ; cheerful. Ad- 
dison. Gay; lively; merry. Rogers. Trifling; 
adapted rather to mirth than use. Locke. 

PLE ASANTLY, pfe'-zant-le. ad. In such a man- ( 
ner as to give delight. Puttenham. Gayly;mer 
rily; in good humour. Clarendon. Lightly; ludi 
crously. Broome. 

PLEASANTNESS, pleV-zant-nes. n.s. Delight 
fulness; state of being pleasant. Sidney. Gayety, 
cheerfulness; merriment. South. 

PLEA'S A NTRY, plez'-zan-tre. n. s. [plaisante?-ie, 
Fr.] Gayety ; merriment. Addison. Sprightly say- 
ing; lively talk. Addison. 

To PLEASES, pleze. 227. v. a. [placeo, Lat.] To 
delight ; to gratify ; to humour. Isaiah, ii. To sat- 
isfy; to content. Shak. To obtain favour from; to 
be pleased with, is to approve ; to favour. St. Mat,- 
thew, iii. — To be pleased. To like : a word of cere- 
mony. Dryden. 

To PLEASE, pleze. v. n. To give pleasure. Mil- 
ton. To gain approbation. Hosea. ix. To like ;. 
to choose. Pope. To condescend ; to comply : a 
word of ceremony. Sliakspeare. 

PLEASEDLY*, ple'-zid-le. ad. In a way to be 
delighted. FeltJuxm. 

700 



PLE 



PLE 



-no-, m&ve, udr, not;— tiibe, tub, bill ; — oil ; — pdind ; — thin, mis. 



PLEA SER, ple'-zur. n. s. One that courts favour ; 
one that endeavours to piease, or actually pleases. 
Col. iii. 
PLEA'SEMAN, pleze'-man. n . s. Apickthauk; an 

officious fellow. Shakspearc. 
PLEASINGLY, ple'-zing-le. ad. In such a manner 

as to give delight. Suckling. 
PLEA SINGNESS, pie -zlng-nes. n. s. Qualitv of 

giving delight. Fellham. 
PLEASURABLE^ plezh -ur-d-bl. a. Delightful ; 

full of pleasure. Bacon. 
PLEA'S LIRA BLY*, plezh'-fir-a-ble. ad. With pleas- 
ure; with delight. Harris. 
PLEA'SURABLENESS*, plezh'-nr-a-bl-nes. n. s. 

Quality of affording pleasure. Feltham. 
PLEASURE y, plezh'-ure. 234, 450. n.s. [plaisir, 
Fr.] Delight; gratification of the mind or senses. 
South. Loose gratification. Milton. Approbation. 
Psalms. What the will dictates. Is. xlviii. Choice; 
arbitrary will. Brown. 
PLEASURE-GROUND*, plezh'-ur-gr6und. n. s. 
Ground laid out in a pleasing or ornamental man- 
ner, near a mansion. Graves. 
Tb PLEASURE, plezh'-ure. v. a. To please; to 

gratify. Titsser. 
PLEA'SUREFUL. plezh'-ur-ful. a. Pleasant; de- 
lightful. Abbot. Ob. J 
PLEA SURIST* plezh'-ur-ist. n. s. One devoted to 

mere worldly pleasure. Brown. Ob. T. 
PLEBEIAN 5, ple-be'-yan. 113. n. s. [plebelen, Fr. ; 

plebeius, Lat.J One of the lower people. Swift. 
PLEBE'IAN, ple-be'-yan. a. Popular; consisting of i 
mean persons. Kins; Charles. Belonging to the low- I 
er ranks. Milton. Vulgar; low; common. Bacon. \ 
PLEBE'IANCE* ple-be'-yanse. n. s. The lower 
order of persons in a state. Learned Summary on 
DuBartas. Ob. T. 
PLEDGE $, pledje. n.s. [plihtan, Sax.] Any thing 
put to pawn. A gage ; any thing given by way 
of wan-ant or security ; a pawn. Hooker. A sure- 
ty; a bail; a hostage. Raleigh. An invitation 
to drink, by accepting the cup or health after an- 
other. Shakspeare. 
To PLEDGE, pledje. v. a. [ pleger, old Fr. ; pfiedgen, 
Germ,] To put in pawn. Pope. To give as war- 
rant or security. To secure by a pledge; to give 
surety for. Sliak. To invite to drink, by accept- 
ing- the cup or health after another. SJiaksneare. 
PLEDGER*, pled'-jur. n. s. One who "offers a 
pledge. One who accepts the invitation to drink 
after another. Gascoigne. 
PLE'DGET, pltid'-jit. 99, n. s. [plagghe, Dutch.] A 

small mass of lint. Wiseman. 
PLETADES, ple'-va-dez. ) n. s. [pleiades, Lat. ; 
PLE IADS, plef-yadz. S vXsiaSes, Gr.] A nor- 
thern constellation. Milton. 

#5= I have preferred those orthoe'pists who mark these 
words as I have done, to Mr. Sheridan, who makes the 
first syllable like the verb to ply. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. 
Scott, and Perry, the only orthoe'pists from whom we 
can know the sound of the diphthong ei, give it as I 
have done; and Johnson, by placing the accent at'eer 
the e, seems to have done the same: but the sound we 
invariably give to these vowels in plebeian is a suffi- 
cient proof of English analogy ; and that pronouncing 
them like eye U an affectation of adhering to the 
Greek, from which pleiades is derived. — See Key to the 
Classical Pronunciation of the Greek and Latin 
Proper JVames, under the word. W. 



PLE'NAL*, ple'-nal. a. [plenus, Lat.] Full i com- 
plete. Beaumont. Ob. T. 

PLE'NARILY, plen'-a-re-le. ad. Fully; completely. 
Ayliffe. 

PLE'INARINESS^plen'-a-re-nes. n. s. Fulness; com- 
pleteness. 

PLE'NARTY* plen'-ar-t£. n. s. [plenus, Lat.] State 
of a benefice when occupied. Blackstone. 

PLE'NARY §, plen'-a-re, or ple^-na-re. a. [plenus, 
Lat.] Full ; complete. King Cliarles. 

$£p Some very respectable speakers make the vowel e, 
in the first syllable of this word, long ; but analogy and 
the best usage seem to shorten the e, as they do the a 



in jrranary. Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Buchanan, an* 
F.ntick, adopt the second pronunciation ; and Mr. Sher- 
idan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, 
the first . nor do I see any reason that tho c should not 
be short in this word as well as in plenitude, in which 
all our orthoe'pists, except Buchanan, pronounce thee 
as in plenty. IV. 
PLE'NARY, plen'-a-re, or ple'-na-re. n.s. Decisive 

procedure. AyliJ'e. 
PLE'NILUNEy*, plen'-e-lune. 7i.s. [plenilunium, 

Lat.] A full moon. B. Jonson. 
PLENILU'NARY, plen-e-lu'-na-re. a. Relating to 

the full moon. Brown. 
PLENI'POTENCE, ple-nip'-po-tense. n.s. [plenus, 

and potentia, Lat.] Fulness of power. Milton. 
PLENI'POTENT, pie-nip -p6-tent. a. [plenipotens 

Lat.] Invested with full power. Milton. 
PL ENIPOTE NTI A RY, plen-ne-po-t£n'-sha-re. 
n. s. [plenipotentiaire, Fr.] A negotiator invested 
with full power. 
PLENIPOTENTIARY*, plen-ne-p6-ten'-sba-re. a. 

Having the powers of a plenipotentiary. Cowlev. 
To PLE'NISH* plen'-ish. v. a. [plenir, old Fr.] 

To replenish ; to fill. Reeve. 
PLE NIST, ple'-nist. 544. n. s. [plenus, Lat.] One 

that holds all space to be full of matter, Boyle. 
PLE'NTTUDE, plen'-ne-tude. n.s. [pleniludo, Lat.; 
plenitude, Fr.] Fulness; the contrary to vacuity. 
Bentley. Repletion ; animal fulness ; plelhory. 
Arbuthnot. Exuberance ; abundance. Bacon. Com- 
pleteness. Prior. 
PLE'NTEOUS y, pl§n'-;she-us. 263. a. [plentieux, 
old Fr.] Copious ; exuberant ; abundant ; plenti- 
ful. Milton. Fruitful; fertile. Gen. xli. 
PLE'NTEOUSLY, plen'-tshe-us-le. ad. Copiously ; 

abundantly ; exuberantly ; plentifully. Milton. 
PLE'NTEOUSNESS, plen'-tshe-fis-nes. n.s. Abun- 
dance; fertility; plenty. Gen. xli. 
PLE'NTIFUL, plen'-te-ful. a. Copious; abundant; 

exuberant; fruitful. Raleigh. 
PLENTIFULLY, pleV-te-ful-e. ad. Copiously; 

abundantly. Brown. 
PLE'NTIFULNESS, plen'-te-ful-nes. n. s. The state 
of being- plentiful ; abundance ; fertility. Wotton. 
PLENTY y, plen'-te. n.s. [plente, old Fr.] Abun- 
dance ; such a quantity as is more than enough. 
Locke. Fruitfulness ; exuberance. Tlwmson. Im- 
properly used for plentiful : as, Water isplenty. Tus- 
ser. A state in which enough is had and enjoyed. 
Joel, ii. 
PLE'ONASMy^ple'-o-nazm. n.s. [pleonosmus, Lat.] 
A figure of rhetorick, by which more words are 
used than are necesscrv. Blackmail. 
PLEONA'STICAL*, ple-'o-nas'-te-kal. a. Belonging 

to the pleonasm ; redundant. Blackwall. 
PLEONA'STICALLY* ple-6-nas'-te-kal-le. ad. 

Redundantlv. Blackwall. 
PLERO'PHORY*.ple-r6f-6-re. n.s. [v\ioo^oqia.\ 

Firm persuasion. Bp. Hall. 
PLESH, plesh. n. s. [for plash.] A puddle; a boggy 

marsh. Spenser. 
PLE'THORA y, pl&A'-o-ra. 468. n. s. [from nh',0wpa.] 
The state in which the vessels are fuller of humours 
than is agreeable to a natural state of health. Ar- 
buthnot. 
ygj* AW our orthoe'pists, except a Dictionary of Terms in 
Medicine, place the accent on ttie first syllable of this 
word, notwithstanding the Greek and Latin o are long. 
This, probably, arose from the anglicised word pletho- 
ry, where the accent is very properly antepenultimate. 
See Principles, No. 503. W. 
PLETHORE'TICK, pl&/i-6-reV-?k. ) a. Having a 
PLETHO'RICK, ple-i/ior'-ik. 509. > full habit 

Arbuthnot. 
PLE'THORY, pleW-6-re. 503. n $. Fulness of habit 

Bp. Taylor. 

PLEU'RISYy, pla'-re-se. n. s. [nXevplns, Gr. ; P leu 

resie, Fr.] An inflammation of the pleura. Quincy. 

PLEURI'TICAL, plu-rlt'-te-kal. )a. Diseased with 

PLEU'RITICK, plu-rit'-flk. 509. \ a pleurisy. Bp. 

Hall. Denoting a pleurisy. Wiseman. 
PLE'VIN, plev'-vin. n.s. [plevin, old Fr.; plevina, 
low Lat.] [In law.] A wan-ant or assurance. Diet. 
701 



PLO PLU 




[LT 559.— Fate, far, flH, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 





PLIABFLITY* pll-a-bil'-e-te. n.s. Flexibility 5 pli- 

ableness. 
PLFABLE§, plKi-bl. 405. a. [pliable, Fr.] Easy to 
be bent; flexible. Small. Flexible of disposition ; 
easy to be persuaded. More. 
PLI'ABLENESS, pll'-a-bl-nes. n.s. Flexibility; ea- 
siness to be bent. Flexibility of mind. Hammond. 
PLFANCY, pll'-an-se. n.s. Easiness to be bent. 

Addison, 
PLI'ANT §, plF-ant. a. [pliant, Fr.] Bending; tough ; 
flexile; flexible; lithe; limber. Addison. Easy 
to take a form. Dryden. Easily complying. Bacon. 
Easily persuaded. Soutli. 
PLFANTNESS, pll'-ant-nes. n.s. Flexibility; tough- 
ness. Bacon. 
PLICA*, pll'-ka. n. s. [Lat. ; plique, old Fr.] A dis- 
ease of the hair, said to be almost peculiar to Po- 
land ; and called plica Polonica. Burton. 
PLICATION, ple-ka'-shun. 132. ; n. s. [plicatura, 
PLFCATURE, plik'-ka-tshure. \ Lat.] Fold; 

double. More. 
PLFERS, pli'-urz. 98. n. s. [Scorn ply. 1 ] An instru- 
ment by which any thing is laid hold on to bend it. 
Moxon. 
To PLIGHT §, pllte. v. a. [plihfcan,Sax.l To pledge ; 
to give as surety. Spenser. To braid ; to weave. 
See To Plait. Chaucer. 
PLIGHT, pllte. 393. n.s. [plihc, Sax.] Condition; 
state. Spenser. Good case. Tusser. [from To 
plight, to pledge.] Pledge; gage. Sliak. [from 
To plight, to braid.] A fold ; a pucker; a double ; 
a purfle ; a plait. Spenser. A garment of some 
kind. Probably a mantle or plaid. Chapman. 
PLFGHTER*, pll'-tur. n. s. A pledger ; that which 

plights. Shakspeare. 
To PLIM*, pllm. v. n. To swell ; to increase in bulk 

Grose. 
PLINTH, plfntfi. n. s. [w\h9os, Gr. ; plinthe, Fr.] 
[In architecture.] That square member which 
serves as a foundation to the base of a pillar 
Harris. 
To PLOD §, plod. v. n. [ploeghen, Dutch.] To toil ; 
to moil ; to drudge ; to travel. Dryden. To travel 
iaboriously. Sliak. To study closely and dully. 
Hudibras. 
PLO'DDER, plfid'-dar. 98. n.s. A dull, heavy, la- 
borious man. Sliakspeare. 
FLO DOING*, pldd'-ding. n. s. The act of studying 

closely and dully. Dr. Prideaux. 
PLOT I, pl&t. n. s. [from plat.] A small extent of 
ground. Spenser. A plantation laid out. Sidney, 
[plat, Teut.] A form ; a scheme ; a plan. Spenser, 
(complot, Fr.] A conspiracy; a secret design formed 
against another. Daniel. An intrigue ; an affair 
complicated, involved, and embarrassed ; the story 
of a play, comprising an artful involution of affairs, 
unravelled at last by some unexpected means. 
Pope. Stratagem ; secret combination to any ill 
end. Milton. Contrivance ; deep reach of thought. 
Deniiam. 
To PLOT, plot. v. n. To form schemes of mischief 
against another, commonly against those in authori- 
ty. Psalm xxxvii. To contrive 3 to scheme. Wotton. 
To" PLOT, plSt. v.a. To plan; to contrive. Dryden. 

To describe according to ichnography. Carew. 
PLOTTER, plot'-tQr. 98. n.s. Conspirator. Dry- 
den. Contriver. Shakspeare. 
PLOUGH §, plou. 313, 390. n. s. [plo£e, Sax.] The 
instrument with which the furrows are cut in the 
ground to receive the seed. Chapman. Tillage ; 
culture of land. A kind of plane. Ainsworth. 
To PLOUGH, pl6u. v.n. To practise aration ; to 
turn up the ground in order to sow seed. Is. xxviii. 
To PLOUGH, plSu. r, a. To turn up with the plough. 
Mortimer To bring to view by the plough. 
Woodward. To furrow; to divide. Addison. 
To tear ; to furrow. Sliakspeare. 
PLOUGH-ALMS*, pldu'-ams. n.s. [plou-alme r , 
Sax.] Anciently every ploughland paid a penny 
to the church , called plough-alms. Cowel. 
PLOU'GHBOY, pldu'-boe. n. s. A boy that follows 
the plough ; a coarse, ignorant boy. Watts. 



PLOU'GHER, pl6u'-ur. 98. n. s. One who ploughs 

or cultivates ground. Spenser. 
PLOUGHING*, plSu'-lng. n. s. Operation by the 

£ lough. Mortimer. 
OUGHLA'ND, pl6u'-land. n.s. A carucate. 
Hale. A 'arm for corn. Donne. 
PLOU'GHMAN, pldu'-man. 88. n. s. One that at- 
tends or uses the plough ; a cultivator of com. Bp. 
Taylor. A gross, ignorant rustick. Shakspeare. 
A strong, laborious man. Arbuthnot. 

PLOUGHMO'NDAY, pldu-m&n'-de. n. s. The 
Monday after Twelfth-day. Tusser. 

PLOU'GHSHARE, pl6u'-share. n.s. The part of 
the plough that is perpendicular to thft coulter 
Sidney. 

PLO'VER, phV-vur. 165. n. s. [plumer, Fr.] A lap- 
wing. Carew. 

To PLUCK §, pluk. v.a. [pluccian, Sax.] To pull 
with nimbleness or force ; to snatch ; to pull ; to 
draw; to force on or off; to force up or down. 
Spenser. To strip off feathers. Shak. — To pluck 
up a heart or spirit. To resume courage. Knolles. 

PLUCK, pluk. n.s. A pull ; a draw ; a single act ol 
plucking. Ray. [pluglik, Erse.] The heart, liver, 
and lights, of an animal. 

PLU'CKER, pl&k'-kfir. 98. tus. One that plucks. 
Mortimer. 

PLUG§, plug. n. s. [plugg, Swed.; plugghe, Teut.] 
A stopple ; any thing driven hard into another 
body, to stop a hole. Boyle. 

To PLUG, plug. v. a. To stop with a plug. Sharp. 

PLUM §, plum. n. s. [plum, plumtpeop, Sax.] A 
fruit with a stone. Miller. Raisin ; grape dried in 
the sun. Shak. In the cant of the city : the sum 
of one hundred thousand pounds. Addison. The 
person possessing the plum described in the pre- 
ceding sense. Toiler. A kind of play, called, How 
many plums for a penny. Ainsworth. 

PLUM*, plum. a. The old word for plump. Florio. 

PLU'MAGE, plu'-midie. 90. n.s. [plumage, Fr.] 
Feathers ; suit of feathers. Bacon. 

PLUMB §, plum. 347. n. s. [plomb, Fr. ; plumbum, 
Lat.] A plummet; a leaden weight letdown at 
the end of a line. Cotton. 

PLUMB, plum. ad. [A piombo, Ital.] Perpendicu 
larly to the horizon. Milton. Any sudden descent. 
It is sometimes pronounced, ignorantly, plump. 
Collier. 

To PLUMB, plum. v. a. To sound ; to search by a 
line with a weight at its end. Swift. To regulate 
any work by the plummet. 

PLU'MBEAN*, plunV-be-an. ) a. [plumbeus, Lat.] 

PLU'MBEOUS*, plum'-be-us. $ Consisting of lead; 
resembling lead. Ellis. 

PLU y MBER§, plfim'-mur. 98. n.s. [plombier, Fr.] 
One who works upon lead ; commonly written 
plummer. 

PLU'MBERY, pliW-mur-e. n.s. Works of lead; 
the manufactures of a plumber. Bp. Hall. 

PLU ; MCAKE, plum-kike', n.s. Cake made with 
raisins. Hudibras. 

PLUME §, plume, n.s. [Fr. ; pluma, Lat.] Feather 
of birds. Shak. Feather worn as an ornament. 
Slutk. Pride ; towering mien. Shak. Token of 
honour ; prize of contest. Milton. That part of 
the seed of a plant, which in its growth becomes 
the trunk. Quincy. 
To PLUME, plume, v. a. To pick and adjust feathers. 
Milton, [plumer, Fr.] To strip off feathers. Dry- 
den. To strip; to pill. Bacon. To feather. Bp. 
Hall. To place as a plume. Milton. To adorn 
with plumes. Sliak. To make proud : as, He 
plumes himself. 

PLUMEA'LLUM, plume-alMum. n.s. A kind of 
asbestos. Wilkins. 

PLU'MELESS*, plume'-les. a. Without feathers. 

Eusden. 
PLUMFGEROUS, plu-mld'-jer-fis. a. [pluma and 

gero, Lat.] Having feathers ; feathered. 
PLU'MIPEDE, phV-me-pede. [See Millepedes.] 
n. s. [pluma and pes, Lat.] A fowl that has feathers 
on the foot. Diet. 

702 



PLU 



POC 



-nA, m6ve, ndr, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 ; — pdflnd ; — thin, THis. 



PLU'MMET, plum'-mlt. 99. n.s. [plomet, old Fr. ; 

Slumbata, Lat.l A weight of lead hung at a string, 
y which depths are sounded, and perpendiculari- 
ty is discerned. Milton. Any weight, Duppa. 
PLVMOSITY^lu-mds'-se-te.'/j. s. The state of hav- 
ing feathers. 
PLUMOUS, pliV-mos. 311. a. [plumosus, Lat.] 

Feathery ; resembling feathers. Woodward. 
PLUMP $, plump, a. [etymology not known.] Some- 
what fat; not lean; sleek; lull and smooth. Prior. 
PLUMP, plump. M. s. A knot; a tuft ; a cluster; a 
number joined in one mass. [Perhaps a corrup- 
tion of clump.] Bacon. 
$5= This word, says Mr. Mason, is now corrupted to 
clump, and is one of those words that the vulgar con- 
tinue to speak right, and for which they are laughed at 
by politer corrupters of language. W. 
To PLUMP, plump, v. a. To fatten; to swell; to 

make large. Boyle. 
To PLUMP, plump, v. n. To fall like a stone into 
the water, [plompen, Teut.] [from the adjective.] 
To be swollen. Ainsicorth. 
PLUMP, plump, ad. [plompen, Teut.] With a sud- 
den fall. B. Jcnson. 
PLU'MPER, plump' -fir. 98. n.s. Something worn, in 
the mouth to swell out the cheeks. Swift. At elec 
tions, a vote for a single candidate. 
PLUMPLY*. plfinuV-Fe. ad. Roundly; fully. Cot 

grave. 
PLUMPNESS, plump'-nes. n.s. Fulness; disposi- 
tion towards fulness. Newton. 
PLUMPO / RRIDGE,plum-pdr'-r?dje. ».*. Porridge 

with plums. Addison. 
PLUMPU DDING, plfim-piid'-dlng. 410. n. s. Pud- 
ding made with plums. Taller. 
PLU AIPY, plump'-e. a. Plump ; fat. Shakspeare. 
PLUMY, phY-me. a. Feathered ; covered with feath- 
ers. Milion. 
To PLUNDER^ pl&n'-d&r. 98. v.a. [plundern, 
Germ.; plonderen, Teut.] To pillage ; to rob in a 
hostile way. South. To take by pillage. Fell. 
To rob as a thief. Pope. 
PLU NDER, pl&n'-dur. n. s. Pillage ; spoils gotten 

in war. Otway. 
PLU NDERER, plun'-dur-ur. n. s. Hostile pillager ; 

a spoiler. A thief ; a robber. Addison. 

To PLUNGE $, plunje. 7L v.a. [plonger, Fr.] To 

put suddenly under water, or under any thing 

supposed liquid. Milton. To put into any state 

suddenly. Dryden. To hurry into any distress. 

Milton. To force in suddenly. Dryden. 

To PLUNGE, plunje. v.n. To sink suddenly into 

water; to dive. Sfuik. To fall or rush into any 

hazard or distress. Tillotson. To fly into violent 

and irregular motion. Bp. Hall. 

PLUNGE, plunje. n. s. Act of putting or sinking 

under water. Difficulty ; strait ; distress. Sidney 

PLU'NGEON, plQn'-juu. n. s. A sea-bird. Ains- 

worth. 
PLU'NGER, phV-jur. 98. n. s. One that plunges ; 

a diver. Slierwood. 
PLUNGY*. plun'-je. a. Wet. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
PLU'NKET, plunk'-ket. n. s. A kind of blue colour. 

Ainsworth. 
PLU'RAL §, plu'-ral. a. [phiralis, Lat.] Implying 

more than one. SlwJcspeare. 
PLURALIST, phV-ral-ist. n.s. [pluraliste, Fr.] 
One that holds more ecclesiastical benefices than 
one with cure of souls. Collier. 
PLURALITY, plu-ral'-e-te. n. 5. [pluraliie, Fr.] 
The slate of being or having a greater number. 
Bacon. A number more than one. Hammond. 
More cures of souls than one. Dean Stanhope. The 

Greater number ; the majority. V Estrange. 
U'RALLY, plu'-ral-e. ad. In a sense implying 
more than one. 
PLU RISY*, plu'-re-se. n. s. [plus, pluris, Lat.] 

Superabundance. Shakspeare. 
PLUSH, plash, n.s. [peluche, Fr.] A kind of villous, 
or shaggy cloth ; shag ; a kind of woollen velvet. 
Bacon. 
PLU'SHER, plush'-ur. n. *. A sea fish. Carew. 



PLU'VIAL, plu'-ve-al. ) a. [plmna, Lat.l Rainy i 

PLU'VIOUS, plu'-ve-us. \ relating to rain. Brown. 

PLU'VIAL, pW-ve-al. n.s. [pluvial, old Fr.] A 
priest's cope. Ainsworth. 

To PLY $, pll. v. a. [pieman, Sax.] To work oft 
any thing closely and importunately. Dryden. To 
employ with diligence ; to' keep busy ; to set on 
work." Spenser. To practise diligently. Milton. 
To solicit importunately. Shak. To bend ; to in- 
cline. Goicer. To fold. See To Plight. 

To PLY, pll. v. n. To work, or offer service. Addi- 
son. To go in haste. Milton. To busy one's self. 
Dryden. [ plier, *Fr.] To bend. Gower. 

PLY, pll. n. s. Bent ; turn ; form ; cast ; bias. Bacon. 
Plait; fold. Arbuthnot. 

PLY'ERS, pll'-urz. 98. n. s. See Pliers. 

PLY'ING*, pll'-ing. n.s. Importunate solicitation. 
Hammond. [In naval language.] Endeavour to 
make wav against the direction of the wind. 

PNEUMA'TlCAL, nu-mat'-te-kal. )a. [irvcvuan- 

PNEUMA'TICK, nu-mat'-tik. 509. \ *dj.] Moved 
by wind} relative to wind. Boyle. Consisting of 
spirit or wind. Bacon. 

95° I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in these words, as 
I apprehend it is contrary to analogy, and the best 
usage, to pronounce the initia p. G and k before « 
are always silent, as in gnomon, knave, &c. B is not 
heard in bdellium, nor p in pso 'to, ptisan, &c. ; and, 
till some good reasons are offered for pronouncing it in 
the words in question, I must join with Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, who have sunk it as I have 
done. W. 

PNEUMA'TICKS, na-mat'-tSks. n. s. [pneumatique, 
Fr.; -Kvcvfia, Gr.] A branch of mechanicks, which 
considers the doctrine of the air, or laws according 
to which that fluid is condensed, ranfied, or gravj- 
, tates. Harris. [In the schools.] The doctrine of 
spiritual substances* as God, angels, and the souls 
of men. Diet. 
PNEUMATOLOGY, nu-ma-t&l'-l6-je. n.s. [irvev- 
jjLaroXoyia.] The doctrine of spiritual existence. 

Reid. 
PNEUMO'NICKS*, nu-m6n'-iks. n.s. [xvcvitw.] 

Medicines for diseases of the lungs. 
To POACH §, potsh. 352. v.a. [oeufs pochez, Fr.] 

To boil slightly. Bacon. To begin without com- 
pleting : from the practice of boiling eggs slightly. 

Bacon. [ pocher, Fr.] To stab ; to pierce. Careic 

[poclve, a pocket.] To plunder by stealth. Garth. 
To POACH, potsh. v. n. [poche, Fr.] To steal 

game ; to carry off game privately in a bag". 

Beaumont and Fletcher. To be damp; to bo 

swampy. Mortimer. 
POA'CHARD, potsh'-ard. n.s. A kind of water 

fowl. 
POA'CHER, potsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who steals 

game. More. 
POA'CHINESS, potsh'-e-nes. n. s. Marshiness; 

dampness. Mortimer. 
POA'CHY, pdtsh'-e. a. Damp ; marshy. Mortimer. 
POCK, pok. n.s. [poc, Sax.] A pustule raised by the 

smallpox. 
PO y CKET$, pok'-kit. 88. n. s. [pocca, Sax.; pochd, 

Fr.] The small bag inserted into clothes. Prior. 

A pocket is used in trade for a certain quantity : 

as, a pocket of hops, because it is a poke or sack. 
To PO'CKET, pok'-kit. v. a. [pocheter, Fr.] To put 

in the pocket. Pope. — To poclcet up. A prover- 
bial form that denotes the doing or taking any 

thing clandestinely. Shakspeare. 
PO'CKETBOOK, p6k'-kh-bo6k. n. s. A paper book 

carried in the pocket for hasty notes. Watts. 
PO'CKETGLASS, p&k'-kit-glas. n. s. Portable 

looking-glass. Prior. 
PCCKFRETTEN*, pdk'-fret-ten. a. [pock and 

fret, to con-ode.] Pitted with the smallpox. 
PO'CKHOLE^ p6k'-h61e. n. s. Pit or scar made by 

the smallpox. Donne. 
PO CKINESS, pok'-ke-nes. n.s. The state of being 

pocky. 
POCKY, p&k'-ke. a. [from pox.] Infected with the 

pox, Demiam. 

703 



POI 



POK 



[£7" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



PO'CULENT, pdk'-ku-lent. a. [poculum, Lat.] Fit 

for drink. Bacon. 
POD$, p6d. n. s. [bode, boede, Dutch.] The capsule 

of legumes ; the case of seeds. Mortimer. 
PODAGRICAL, pd-dagW-kal. a. [iroSaypiKdg.] 

Afflicted willi the gout. Brown. Gouty} relating 

to the gout. 
PO'DDER, pod'-dfix. n. s. A gatherer of peascods, 

beans, and other pulse. Diet. 
PODGE, podje. n. s. A puddle ; a plash. Skinner. 
PCKEM, p6'-em. 99. n. s. [poena, Lat.; jroi'^a, Gr.] 

The work of a poet; a metrical composition. B. 

Jonson. 
PO'ESY, po'-e-se. n. s. [poesie, Fr. ; poesis, Lat. ; 

iroiijffts, Gr.] The art of writing poems. B. Jonson. 

Poem ; metrical composition ; poetry. ShaJc. A 

short conceit engraved on a ring or other thing. 

Shakspeare. 
PO'ET§, p6'-et. 99. n. s. [poete, Fr. ; poeia, Lat.; 

■xolqrris, Gr.] An inventor ; an author of fiction ; a 

writer of poems ; one who writes in measure. Dnj- 

den. 
PO'ET ASTER, p6'-e-tas-t6r. n. s. [poetastre, Fr.] 

A vile, petty poet. B. Jonson. 
PO'ETESS, pi'-et-tes. n. s. [poetesse, old Fr.] A 

female poet. Bp. Hall. 
POE'TICAL, po-eY-te-kal. ) a. [roii/mcte, Gr. poeii- 
POE'TICK, po-et'-tfk. 509. S cms, Lat.] Expressed 

in poetry ; pertaining to poetry ; suitable to poetry. 

Slialcspeare. 
POE'TICALLY, P 6-eV-te-kal-le. ad. With the 

qualities of poetry; by the fiction of poetry. Dry- 

POE'TICKS*. p6-St'-tlks. n. s. The doctrine of poe- 
try. Dr. Warton. 

To POETIZE, pcV-et-lze. v. n, [poetiser, Fr.] To 
write like a poet. Donne. . 

PO'ETRESS, p6'-et-res. n. s! [poetris, Lat.] A she 
poet. Sjmiser. 

FO'ETRY, pi'-e-tre. n. s. [poeterie, old Fr.] Met- 
rical composition; the art or, practice of writing 
poems. Cleaveland. Poems; poetical pieces. 
Shakspeare. 

POIGNANCY, poe'-nan-se. 387. n. s. The power 
of stimulating the palate ; sharpness. Swift. The 
power of irritation ; asperity. 

POl'GNANT$, poe'-nant. 387. a. [poignant, Fr.] 
Sharp; penetrating. Spenser. Sharp; stimulating 



the palate. Beaum. and Fl. Severe ; piercing 
painful. South. Irritating; satirical; keen. 
POIGNANTLY* poe'-nant-le. ad. In a pierc- 



ing, stimulating, or irritating manner. 
POINTS, p6?nt. 299. n. s. [poind, point, Fr. ; punc- 
tum, Lat.] The sharp end of any instrument, or 
body. Shak. A string with a tag. Sliak. Head- 
land ; promontory. Addison. A sting of an epi- 
gram ; a sentence terminated with some remarka- 
ble turn of words or thought. Dryden. An indi- 
visible part of space. Locke. An indivisible part 
of time ; a moment. Dairies. A small space. Prior. 
Punctilio; nicety. Selden. Part required of time 
or space; critical moment ; exact place. Gen.xxv. 
Degree; state. Sidney. Note of distinction in 
writing ; a stop. Pope. A spot ; a part of a stir- 
face divided by spots ; the ace or sise point. One 
of the degrees into which the circumference of the 
horizon and the mariner's compass is divided. 
Bacon. Particular place to which any thing- is di- 
rected. Brown. Particular ; particular mode. 
ShcJc. An aim; the act of aiming or striking. 
Sliak. The particular thing required ; the aim the 
thing points at. Roscommon. Particular; instance; 
example. Temple. A single position; a single 
assertion; a single part of a complicated question ; 
a single part of any whole. Daniel. A note ; a 
tune. Shak. Condition. Chaucer. — P^tblank. 
Directly : as, an arrow is shot to th# pointblank or 
white mark. Bacon. Point devise or device ; In its 
primary sense, work performed by the needle; and 
the term poinilace is still familiar to every female : 
m a secondary sense, point devise became applica- 
ble to whatever was uncommonly exact, or con- 



structed with the nicety and precision of stitches 
made or devised by the needle. Sliakspeare. 

To POINT, p6mt. v. a. To sharpen ; to forge or 
grind to a point. Bacon. To direct towards an 
object, by way of forcing it on the notice. Shak. 
To direct the eye or notice. Pope. To show, as by 
directing the finger. Numb, xxxiv. [pointer, Fr.] 
To direct towards a place : as, The cannon were 
pointed against the fort. To distinguish by stops 
or points. Knatchbull. To appoint. Spenser. 

To POINT, pdlnt. v. n. To note with the finger ; to 
force upon the notice, by directing the finger to 
wards it. Ray. To distinguish words or sentences 
by points. Forbes. To indicate, as dogs do to 
sportsmen. Gay. To show distinctly. Swift. 

POFNTED, p5int'-ed. a. or participle. Sharp ; hav- 
ing a sharp point or pique. Dryden. Epigram- 
matical ; abounding in conceits. Pope. 

POI'NTEDLY, p61ni'-ed-le. ad. In a pointed man- 
ner. Dryden. 

POFNTEDNESS, p6lnt/-£d-nes. n. s. Sharpness; 
pickedness with asperity. B. Jonson. Epigram- 
matical smartness. Dryden. 

POFNTEL, pSlnt'-el. n. s. [pointille, Fr.] A kind of 
pencil, or style. Wicliffe. Any thing on a point. 
Derham. 

POFNTER, pomt'-ur. 98. n.s. Any thing that points. 
Watts. A dog that points out the game to sports- 
men. Gay. 

POFNTINGSTOCK, polnt'-Tng-stok. n.s. Some- 
thing made the object of ridicule. Shakspeare. 

POFNTLESS, pSfnt'-les. a. Blunt; not sharp; ob- 
tuse. Dryden. 

POISE*, p6eze. 299. n. s. See Poize. But poise is 
now the usual and the correct way of writing it. 

POPSON §, p6e'-z'n. 170, 299. «. 5. [poison, Fr.] 
That which destroys or injuries life by a small 
quantity, and by means not obvious to the senses; 
venom. Dairies. Any thing infectious or malig- 
nant. Whole Duty of Man. 

To POPSON, pSe'-z'n. v. a. To infect with poison. 
Roscommon. To attack, injure, or kill by poison 
given. 2 Mace. x. To corrupt; to taint. Shak. 

POISON-TREE, pae'-z'n-tree. n. s. A plant. Mil- 
ler. 

POISONER, poe'-z'n-fir. 98. n. s. One who poisons. 
Shakspeare. A corrupter. South. 

POFSONFUL^pSe'-z'n-ful. a. Replete with venom. 
Dr. White. 

POISONING* p6e'-z'n-ing. n. s. Act of adminis- 
tering or killing by poison. Ashmole. 

POISONOUS, poe'-z'n-fis. a. Venomous; having 
the qualities of poison. Shakspeare. 

POPSON OUSLY, p6(V-z , n-os-le. ad. Venomously. 
South. 

POFSONOUSNESS^e'-z'n-us-nes. n. s. The qual- 
ity of being poisonous ; venomousness. 

POPTREL, poe'-trel. 299. n. s. [poictrel, Fr.; pet- 
torale, Ital.; pectorale, Lat.] Armour for the breast 
of a horse. Skinner. A graving tool; probably 
pointel, or style, is the true word. 

POIZE §, poeze. 299. n. s. [poise, pese, old Fr.; 
poids, later.] Weight; force of any thing tending 
to the. centre. Sir T. Elyot. Balance; equipoise; 
equilibrium. Beniley. A regulating power. Dnj- 
den. 

To POIZE, p6eze. v. a. [peser, Fr.] To balance; 
to hold or place in equiponderance. Sidney. To 
load with weight. Milton. To be equiponderant 
to. Shak. To weigh ; to examine by the balance. 
South. To oppress with weight. Sluxkspcarc. 

POKE §, poke. n. s. [pocca, Sax. ; poche, Fr. ; poke, 
Ice!.] A bag; a sack, in the north of England. 
Camden. 
\ To POKE, p6ke. v. a. [poka, Swed.] To feel in the 
dark ; to search any thing with a long instrument. 
Brown. 

PO'KER, p6'-kflr. 98. n. s. The iron bar with which 
men stir the fire. Swift. 

PO'KING*, p6'-k?ng. a. Drudging ; servile : a col- 
loquial expression. Gray. 

POKING-STICK, pi'-kmg-stlk. n. s. An instrument 
701 



POL 



POL 



— mS, niOvo, nor, not ;— tube, tftb. bull; — 6)1', — pound ;— fh'm, Tuis. 



anciently made use of to adjust the plaits of die 
ruffs which were then worn. Middleton. 

PCLACRE*, pd-lik'-ur. ) n. s. A Levantine ves- 

I'OLAQUE^po-lak'. \ sel. 

PO LAR, p<V-]ar. 83. a. [po/air*. Fr.] Found near 
the pole •, lying near the pole ; issuing from the 
pole ; relating to the pole. Milton. 

POLARITY, pd-lar'-e-te. n. s. Tendency to the. 
pole. Brown. 

PCVLARY, po'-ldr-e. a. [polaris, Lat.] Tending to 
the pole ; having a direction toward the poles. 
Brown. 

POLES, pole. n. s. [polus. Lat. 5 pole, Fr.l The ex- 
tremity of the axis of the earth 5 either of the points 
on which the world turns. Milton, [pole, Sax.] A 
long staff. Bacon. A tall piece of timber erected. 
ShaJc. A measure of length containing five yards 
and a half. Spenser. An instrument of measuring. 
Bacon. 

To POLE, pole. v. a. To furnish with poles. Mor- 
timer. 

PO'LEAXE, p6le'-aks. n. s. An axe fixed to a long 
pole. Howell. 

POLECAT, pole'-kat. n. s. [Pole or Polish cat.]! 
The fitchew : a stinking animal. Shaksjteare. 

POLEDAVY, p6le'-da-ve. n.s. A sort of coarse 
cloth. Howell. 

POLEMICAL^, po-lcm'-me-kal. )a. LtoXc/ukS?.] 

POLE'MICKS, P 6-lem'-m?k. 509. ] Controversial 5 
dispulative. Fell. 

fcj' The o in the3e words is under the same predicament 
as that in obedience, which see. W. 

POLE'MICK, po-lem'-mik. n. s. Disputant; contro- 

vertist. Pope. 
POLE'MOSCOPE, p6-lem''-6s-k6pe. n. s. [™^o? 
and (TKOJTfu).] [In opticks.] A kind of crooked or 
oblique perspective glass, contrived for seeing 
objects that do not he directly before the eye. 
Diet. 
POLESTAR, pole'-star. n. s. A star near the pole, 
by which navigators compute their northern lati- 
tude; cynosure; lodestar. Dryden. Any guide 
or director. Burton. 
POLEY-MOUNTAIN. p6Me-m6un-tln. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
POLICE, po-lees'. 112. n.s. [Fr.] The regulation 
and government of a city or country, so far as re- 
gards the inhabitants. Bp. Berkeley. 
POLICED, po-leest'. 359. \ a. [police, Fr.] Regu- 
PO LICIED* pol'-e-sid. ) lated ; formed into a 

regular course of administration. Bacor . 
POLICY, pol'-le-se. n. s. [vo\ircia, Gr.; politia, 
Lat.] The art of government, chiefly with respect 
to foreign powers. Art ; prudence ; management 
of affairs ; stratagem. Shak. [polica, Span.] A 
warrant for money in the publick funds; a ticket; 
a warrant for some peculiar kinds of claim. Black- 
stone. In Scotland, the pleasure-grounds about a 
gentleman's mansion. Gray. 
To PO'LISH $, pol'-lfsh. v. a. [polio, Lat. ; polir, 
Fr.] To smooth ; to brighten by attrition ; to gloss. 
Ecclus. xxxviii. To refine ; to make elegant of 
manners. Bp. Taylor. 
To PO'LISH, pol'-tfsh. v. n. To answer to the act 

of polishing; to receive a gloss. Bacon. 
PO'LISH, pol'-llsh. 544. n. s. [poli, polissure, Fr.l 
Artificial gloss ; brightness given by attrition. Ad- 
dison. Elegance of manners. Addison. 
PO LISHABLE, pol'-llsh-a-bl. a. [polissable, Fr.] 

Capable of being polished. Cotgrave. 
PO'LISHEDNESS*. pol'-tfsh-ed-nes. n. s. State of 
being polished, or glossed. Donne. State of being 
refined, or elegant. Coventry. 
PO'LISHER, pol'-tfsh-ur. 98. n. s. The person or 

instrument that gives a gloss. Addison. 
POLISHING*, p6l'-l)sh-lng. n. s. Brightness given 

by attrition. Lam. iv. Refinement. Goldsmith. 
POLITE $, po-hV. 170. a. [polilus,]^.] Glossv; 
smooth. Smith. Polished ; refined. Wotton. Ele- 
gant of manners. Pope. 
POLITELY, pd-llte'-le. ad. With refinement ; with 
89 



skill. Austin. With elegance of manners; gen- 
teelly. Warton. 
POLITENESS, po-llte'-nes. n. s. [poliicsse, Fr.] 
Refinement. Blackwall. Elegance of manners ; 
gentiliiv; good breeding. Swift. 
POLITICAL, po-ln'-te-kal. 170. a. [ircX,™??.] Re- 
lating to politicks ; relating to the administration 
of publick affairs; civil. Ke'tleiuell. Cunning; 
skilful. 
POLPTIC ALLY, p6-lit'-le-kal-e. od.With relation to 
publick administration. Mede. Artfully; political- 
ly. Knolles. 
POLITIC A'STER, po-llt-te-kas'-tur. n. s. A petty, 

ignorant pretender to politicks, V Estrange. 
POLITICIAN, pol-le-Ush'-an. v. s. [politicien, Fr.] 
One versed in the arts of government ; one skilled 
in politicks. Shak. A man of artifice ; one of 
deep contrivance. So?ith. 
POLITICIAN*, p&l-le-tlsh'-an. a. Cunning ; play- 
ing the part of a man of artifice. Milton. 
POLITICKS, poF-le-uk. a. [^oXm*^.] Political; 
civil. In this sense political is almost always used, 
except in the phrase body politick. Sidney. Pru- 
dent; versed in affairs. Shak. Artful; cunning. 
In this sense political is not used. Bacon. 
POLITICK*, p6l / -le-tik. v. s. A politician. Ba- 
con. 
PO'LITICKLY, P 6l'-le-t?k-le. ad.. Artfully; cun- 

ninglv. Shakspeare. 
PO'LITICKS, pol'-le-tiks. n. s. The science of 
government ; the art or practice of administering 
publick affairs. Dri/den. 
To POL1TIZE*, pol'-le-tlze. r. n. To play the 

politician. Milton. Ob. T. 
PO LITURE, pol'-le-tshure. n. s. [politure, Fr.] The 

gloss given by the act of polishing. Donne. 

POLITY S, polMe-te. n. s. [- \iTda.~] A form of 

government; civil constitution. Hooker. Policy; 

art; management. B. Jonson. 

POLL§ ; p6ll. 406. n. s. [polle,pol, Dutch.] The back 

part of the head. SlioJc. A catalogue or list of 

persons ; a register of heads. Shak. A fish called 

generally a chub; a cheven. 

To POLL, poll. v. a. To lop the top of trees. Bacon. 

To cut off hair from the head ; to clip short ; to 

shear. Ezek. xliv. To mow; to crop. Shak. To 

plunder; tosu-ip; to pill. Spenser. To take a list 

or register ofpersons. To enter one's name in a list 

or register. Dryden. To insert into a number as 

I a voter. Tickell. — Polled sheep. Sheep without 

horns. Mortimer. 

j PO'LL ARD, pol'-lard. 88. n. s. A tree lopped. Bacon. 

' A clipped coin. Camden. The chub fish Ains- 

worth. A stag that has cast his horns. Beaumont 

and Fletclier. A mixture of bran and meal. Ains- 

u-orth. 

To PO'LLARD*, pol'-lard. v. a. To lop the tops 

of trees; to poll. Eveli/n. 
POLLEN, pol'-lm. 99. fr.*. A fine powder, com- 
monly understood by the word farina : as also a 
sort of fine bran. Bailey. 
PO'LLENGER, pol'-len-jfir. n. s. Brushwood. Tus- 

ser. 
PO'LLER, poF-lur. 98. n. s. A barber ; one who 
shears, clips, or shaves. Cotgrave. A pillager; 
a robber ; a plunderer. Burton. One who votes 
or polls. 
POLLEVIL. p6l-e'-vl. n. s. A large swelling, inflam 
mation, or imposthume, in the horse's poll or nape 
of the neck. Farrier's Diet. 
POLLFNCTOR*, pol-llngk'-lur. n. s. [Lat.] One 
who prepares materials tor embalming the dead; 
a kind of undertaker. Greenhill. 
POLLOCK, pol'-lfik. 166. n. s. A kind of fish. 

Carew. 
To POLLUTES, pol-lute'. v, a. [pollw, Lat.] To 
make unclean, in a religious sense; to defile. 
Numb, xviii. To taint with guilt; to corrupt. 2 
Esdr. xv. To corrupt by mixtures of ill, either 
moral or physical. Dryden. To pervert by pol- 
lution. Milton. 
POLLUTE*, pol-lute'. part. a. Polluted. Milton. 



POL 



POM 



[LT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — m£, m<k; — pine, pin 5 — 



POLLU'TEDNESS, p&i-l&'-ted-nes. n. s. Defile- 
ment; the state of being polluted. 

POLLU'TER, pol-liV-tur. 93. n. s. Defiler ; cor- 
rupter. Dry den. 

POLLUTION, p&l-hV-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; jjotadio, 
Lat.] The act of defiling. ^//#- The state of 
being defiled ; defilement. Mfton. 

POLONAI'SE*, pdl-o-naze'. 11. s. A kind of robe 
or dress, adopted from the fashion of the Poles, 
which has been worn by English women. Guthrie. 

POLT-FOOT*, polt'-fat. n. s. A crooked foot 3 a foot 
in any respect distorted. Sir T. Herbert. 

POLT-FOOT*, polt'-fut. ) a. Having distort- 

POLT-FOO'TED* p6lt-ful / -ted. \ ed feet. B. Jon- 
son. 

POLTRO'N$, pol-trSon'. n.s. [poltron, Fr.] A cow- 
ard ; a nidgel 3 a scoundrel. 

55" This is one of those half French, half English words, 
that shows, at once, our desire to imitate the nasal 
vowel, and our incapacity to do it properly'. — See En- 
core. TV. 

POLTRO'N*, p&l-tro6n'. a. Base 3 vile j contempti- 
ble. Hammond. 

POLTRO'NERY* pol-IroSn'-er-e. ) n. s. [pollron- 

PO'LTRONRY*, P 6l'-tr65n-re. \ eria, Italian.] 
Cowardice ; baseness. B. Jonson. 

PO'LY, p6 / -le.. n. s. [polium, Lat.] An herb. Ains- 
worth. 

POT.Y, [ttoXij.] A prefix often found in the compo- 
sition of words derived from the Greek, and inti- 
mating multitude : as, polygon, a figure of many 
angles 3 pohjpus, an animal with many feet. 

FOLYACWSTICK, po-le-a-kSiV-stk. a. [*o\vs 
and a/c«w.] That multiplies or magnifies sounds. 
Diet. 

ijCr" The reason that the 0, though under 'the secondary 
accent, in the first syllable of this and several follow- 
ing words, is long, is because two vowels succeed it in 
the following syllables. — See Principles, No. 534. W. 

POLYA'NTHOS, pi-le-an'-tfms. n. s. [xoXvs and 

avdos.] A plant. Thomson. 
PO'LYCHREST*, pol'-le-krest. n. s. [zotes and 

Xpriaros.] [In medicine.] J! term for what serves for 

many uses ; any thing useful for several purposes. 

Eveli/n. 
PGLYE'DRICAL, po-le-ed'-dre-kal. ; a. [no\ve- 
POLYE'DROUS, P 6-le-e'-drfis. 314. $ Soos, Gr. 3 



poli/edre, Fr.] Having many sides. Boyle. 
5'DRON*, ' 

;s. Reid. 



POLYE' 



p6-le-e / -dr6n. n. s. A multiplying- 

P^LYGTMIST, p6-l?g'-ga-m?st. n. s. One that 
holds the lawfulness of more wives than one at a 
time. Hammond. 

POLY / GAMY§,p6-lig / -ga-me. 618. n.s. [polyga- 
mie, Fr. 5 noXvyafiia, Gr.] Plurality of wives. 

PO'LYGLOT, pol'-le-glot. a. [no\i<y\iorTos, Gr. 3 
polyglotte, Fr.J Having many languages. Knatch- 
buil. 

POLYGLOT*, p&l'-le-gl&t. n. s. One who under- 
stands many languages. Howell. That which con- 
tains many languages. Abp. Newcome. 

PO'LYGON§, pol'-le-g6n. 1G6. n.s. [jroXis and yo>- 
via.] A figure of many angles. Watts. 

POLYGONAL, po-lig'-go-nal. a. Having many an- 
gles. 

POI/YGONY* pi-tfg'-go-ne. n. s. [polygonum, 
LatJ Knotgrass. Spenser. 

POTYGRAM, p&l'-le-gram. n. s. [notes and ypdfi- 
//a.] A figure consisting of a great number of lines. 
Diet. 

POLYGRAPHY, p6-%'-gra-fe. n. s. [noXvs and 
ypatyri.] The art of writing in several unusual man- 
ners of cipher 3 as also deciphering the same. Bur- 
ton. 

POLYHEDRON f, pol-e-he'-dron. n.s. Anything 
with manv sides. 

POLYLOGY, pc-lilMo-je. 518. n. s. [zo\is and 
Xoyfo.J Talkativeness. Granger. 

POLYMATHY, p6-flm'-ma-f/»e. 518. n. s. [™\v<; 
and (idvOavu).] The knowledge of many arts and 



sciences 3 also an acquaintance with many differ- 
ent subjects. Hart lib. 
POLYPHON1SM, pd-lrP-fo-rilzm. n.s. [noUs and 

6o)vfi.] Multiplicity of sound Derham 
POLYPE'TALOUS, pol-le-pel'-tal-fis.a. [«>.{* and 

xitciXov.] Having many petals. 
PO'LYPODE*, p6K-le- P 6de. ; n. s. [polypodium, 
PO'LYPODY, pd-lfp'-o-de. \ Lat.] A plant. Mil- 
ler. 
PO'LYPE*, polMlp. n. s. A sea animal 3 the poly- 
pus. Danes. A small water insect. 
PO'LYPOUS, p6K-ie-pus. 314. a. Having the na- 
ture of a polypus 3 having many feet or roots. Ar 
Indhnol. 
PO'LYPUS$, poF-le-pus. n. s. [™Ximou?.] Any 
thing in general with many roots or feet, as a swell- 
ing in the nostrils; but it is likewise applied to a 
tough concretion of grumous blood in the heart 
and arteries. Sharp. A sea animal with many 
feet. Pope. 
PO'LYSCOPE, p&l'-le-skdpe. n. s. [* \vs and cko- 

ttjwJ A multiplying glass. Diet. 
PO'LYSPAST, pol'-le-spast. n.s. [polyspaste.Fv.] 

A machine consisting of manv pulleys. Diet. 
PO'LYSPERM §#, pol'-le-sperm. n.s. [*o\v ctrep- 
ixa.~] Any tree's fruit containing many of its seeds. 
Evelyn. 
POLYSPE'RMOUS, pol-le-speV-mus. a. [roAOj and 
o-Tripua.] Those plants which have more than four 
seeds succeeding each flower, and this without any 
certain order or number. Quincy. 
POLYSYLLA'BICAL, pol-fe-sil-lab'-be-kal. ; 
POLYSYLLA'BICK*, p6l-le-s?l-lab'-ik. \ a - 

Having many syllables 3 pertaining to a polysylla- 
ble. Warton. 
POLYSYLLABLES, pol'-le-sil-la-bl. n. s. [ V0 \v S 
and c-vWajSi).] A tvord of many syllables. Holder. 
POLYSYNDETON, pol-le-sm'-de-t&n. n. s. [ttoXo- 
tvvberov.] A figure of rhetorick by which the copu- 
lative is often repeated : as, I came, and saw, and 
overcame. 
POLY'THEISM$, polMe-tfie-izm. [pol'-e-tfie-fzm, 
Jones; p&l-£-f/ie / -izm, Perry.] n.s. [notes and 
Qs&s-] The doctrine of plurality of gods. Slilling- 
flret. 
POLY'THEIST, p&lMe-tfte-fet. [pftF-e-^e-fst, Jones; 
pol-e-if/te'-Jst, Perry.] n. s. One that holds plurali 
ty of gods. Duncombe. 
POLYTHEI'STICAL*, p&l-le-^e-Js'-te-kal. ; 
POLYTHEFSTICK*, p6l-le-^/te-is / -tik. 5 a - 

Holding plurality of gods. A. Smitlu 
POMA'CE. n.s. [pomaceum, Lat.] The dross of 

cider pressings. Diet. 
POMA'CEOUS, p6-ma / -shus. 357. a. [pomum, Lat.] 

Consisting of apples. Philips. 
POMADE, p6„made / . ». 5. [Fr.; pomado, Ital.] A 

fragrant ointment. 
PO'MANDER, p6-man / -dur. 98. n.s. [pomme d'am- . 
bre, Fr.] A sweet ball ; a perfumed ball or pow- 
der. Shakspeare. 
POMATUM, p6-ma / -tam. n.s. [Lat.] An oint 

ment for the hair. R. Turner. 
To POMA'TUM*, p6-ma'-tum. v. a. To apply po* 

malum to the hair. 
To POME, p6me. v.n. [pommer, Fr.] To grow to a 

round heaa like an apple. Diet. 
POMECFTRON, pfim-s?tMrfin. n. s. [pome and cit- 
ron.] A citron apple. B. Jonson. 
POMEGRANATE, pum-gran'-nat. 91. n. s. [po- 
mum granatum, Lat.] The tree. Miller. The 
fruit. Peacham. 
PO'MERO Y, pfim'-roe. ? n. s. A sort of apple. 

PO'MEROYAL, pfim-rfie'-al. $ Ainsivorth. 
PO'ME WATER*, pum'-wa-tfir. n. s. A sort of ap- 
ple. Shakspeare. 
P6MITEROUS, po-mif'-fer-fis. a. [pomifer, Lat.] 
A term applied to plants which have the largest 
fruit, and are covered with thick, hard rind. Ray. 
PO'MMEL §, pum'-mll. 99. n.s. [pomellus , low Lat.] 
A round ball or knob. Sidney. The knob that 
balances the blade of the sword. Sidney. The 
protuberant part of the saddle before. Dry den. 
706 



PON 



POP 



— nb, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, ball 5— fill ;— pAflnd ;— ///i 



To POMMEL, pom'-mil. r. ./. \mmmeler, Fr.] To 
beat wiili any tiling 1 thick or bulky; to neat bktck 
and blue; to bruise 5 to punch. Beaumont and 

F/elchcr. 
POMMELED*, piW-mfld. a. [In heraldry.] Do- 
noting- the pommel of a sword or dagger. 
POMPv). pomp. n.s. [pompe, Fr. : pompa, Lot. 3 
mufti}, Gr.J A procession of splendour and osten- 
tation. Milton, feplendourj pride. Catechism, Com. 
Prayer. 
POMPA'TICK*, pdm-pat'-?k. a. [pompaius, Lat.] 

Pompous; ostentatious. Barrow. 
POMPET*, pom'-pet. n. s. [pompette, Fr.] The ball 

with which a printer blacks the letters. Cotgrtioe'. 
PO MPHOLYX, p6m'-f6-l?ks. n. s. A while, light, 
and friable substance, found in crusts adhering to 
the domes of the furnaces and to the covers of the 
crucibles in which brass is made. Hill. 
PO'MPION, pflm'-pe-fin. 165. n. s. [pompon, Fr.] A 

pumpkin. Goodman. 
PO'MPIRE, pum'-plre. n. s. [pomum and prjrus, 

LatJ A sort of pearmain. Amsworth. 
POMPOSITY*. pom-pos'-se-te. n. s. Ostentatious- 

ness ; boaslfulness. Aikin. A modern word. 
POMPOUS $, p&m'-pas. 314. a. [pompous, Fr.] 

Splendid ; magnificent ; grand ; showy. Pope. 
POMPOUSLY, pfW-pSs-le. ad. Magnificently; 

splendidly. Dryden. 
PO MPOUSNESS, pW-pas-nes. n. s. Magnifi- 
cence ; splendour. Addison. 
POND, pond. n. s. [supposed to be the same with 
pound ; from pmban, Sax.] A small pool or lake 
of water; a basin ; water not running or emitting 
any stream. Sidney. 
ToPO'NDERS, pon y -dur. 98. v. a. [pondero, Lat.] 
To weigh mentally; to consider; to attend. St. 
Luke, ii. 
To PO NDER, pon'-dur. ?\ n. To think ; to muse : 

with on. Shakspeare. 
PONDERABLE, p&n'-dfir-a-bl. a. [pondero, Lat.] 
Capable to be weighed; mensurable by scales. 
Brown. 
PONDERAL, pcW-d&r-al. a. Estimated by weight, 

distinguished from numeral. Arbuthnot. 
PONDERA'TION, pon-dur-a'-shun. n. s. The act 

of weighing. Bp. Hall. 
PONDERER, pon'-d&r-nr. n. s. One who ponders. 

Whillock. 
PONDERINGLY*, poiv-d&r-lng-le. ad. With due 

estimation. Hammond. 
PONDERO'SITY, pon-dur-os'-se-te. n.s. [ponde- 
rosity, Fr.] Weight ; gravity ; heaviness. Brown. 
PONDEROUS §, pon'-dur-us. 314, a. [ponderosus, 
Lat.] Heavy ; weighty. Bacon. Important ; mo- 
mentous. Shak. Forcible; strongly impulsive. 
Bacon. 
PONDEROUSLY, pon'-dur-fis-le. ad. With great 

weight. 
PO'NDEROUSNESS, p&n'-d&r-fis-nes. n.s. Heavi- 
ness; weight; gravity. Boyle. 
PO'NDWEED, pond'-weed. n. s. A plant. Ains- 

icorth. 
PONENT, p6'-nent. [See Levant.] a. [ponente, 

Ital.] Western. Milton. 
PO'NIARD^, p6n'-yard. 113, 272. n. s. [poignard, 
Fr.] A dagger; a short stabbing weapon. Sliak-\ 
speare. 
To PO'NIARD, pon'-yard. v. a. To stab with a 

poniard. Cotgrave. 
PONK, ponk. n. s. [puke, Icel.] A nocturnal spirit. 

Spenser. 
PONTAGE, p&n'-t?dje. 90. n. s. [pontage, Fr.;,pon- 
lagium, low Lat.] Duty paid for the reparation of 
bridges. Ayliffe. 
PONTIFF §, pon'-tlf. n. s. [pontife, Fr. ; pontifex, 
Lat.] A priest; a high priest. Bacon. The pope. 
Blackstone. 
PONTPFICAL, p&n-tff-fe-kal. a. [pontifical, Fr.; 
ponlijkalis, Lat.] Belonging to a high priest. 
Fvlke. Popish. Raleigh. "Splendid ; magnificent. 
Shak. [from pans and focio.] Bridge-building. 
Milton. 



PONTPFICAL, pomtif-fe-kal. n. s. [pontifical^ 
Lat.] A book containing rites and ceremonies 
ecclesiastical South. Dress and ornament of a 
priest or bishop. Lowth. 
PONTIFICA'LITY*, pon-tif-fe-kaF-e-te. n.s. The 
stale and government of the pope of Rome; the 
papacy. Ahp. Usher. 
PONTIFICALIA', pon-t)f-fe-kal-e. ad. In a pon- 
tifical manner. 
PONTIFICATE, pon-uF-fe-kat. 90. n.s, [pontifical 
Fr. 3 pantificatus, Lat.] Papacy; popedom. Ad 
dison. 
PONTIFICE, pcV-te-f?s. 142. n.s. [pons andyi- 

cio.~\ Bridge-wofk; edifice of a bridge. Milton. 
PONTlFFCIAL*,p6n-ie-fish / -al. a. Popish. Burton 
PONTIFPCIAN, pon-te-fJsh'-an. a. Papistical ;pon 

tiiicial. Bp, Halt. 
PONTIFPCIAN, p&n-te-f ish'-an. n. s. One who ad 

heres to the pope ; a papist. Mountague. 
PONTI'FICK*, poii-uf'-lk. a. Relating to priests. 

Milton. Popish. Shenstone. 
PO NTLEVIS, pdnt'-le-vk n. s. [In horsemanship.] 
A disorderly, resisting action of a horse in diso- 
bedience to his rider, in which he rears up several 
times running. Bailey. 
PO'NTON, p&n-tSSn'.' [See Poltron and En- 
core.] n. s. [Fr.] A floating bridge or invention 
to pass over water; made of two great hoats 
placed at some distance from one another, both 
planked over, as is the interval between them, 
with rails on their sides: the whole so strongly 
built as to carry over horse and cannon. Military 
Did. 
PO'NY. po'-ne. 71. s. A small horse. 
POOL, p63l. 306. n.s. [pul, Sax.] A lake of standing 

water. See Poule. Bacon. 
POOP §, p65p. 306. n. s. [pouppe, Fr. ; puppis, Lat.] 

The hindmost part of the ship. Sidney. 
To POOP*, p66p. v. a. A ship is said to be pooped, 
when it receives on the poop the shock of a high 
and heavy sea. 
POORS, poor. 306. a. [poupe, Norm. Sax. ; pau- 
we, Fr.; poure, Span.] Not rich; indigent; ne- 
cessitous; oppressed with want. Shak. Trifling; 
narrow; of little dignity, force, or value. Bacon. 
Paltry; mean ; 'contemptible. Bacon. Unimpor- 
tant, f&wift. Unhappy; uneasy; pitiable. Waller. 
Mean; depressed; low; dejected. Bacon. [A 
word of tenderness.] Dear. [A word of slight 
contempt.] Wretched. Baker. Not good ; not fit 
for any purpose. Shak. — The poor, [collectively.] 
Those wiio are in the lowest rank of the communi- 
ty; those who cannot subsist but by the charity 
of others; but it is sometimes used with laxity for 
any not rich. South. — Barren ;», dry : as, a poor soil. 
Lean ; starved; emaciated. Gen. xli. Without 
spirit ; flaccid. 
POORJOHN, pSSr-jon'. n. s. A sort offish. Burton. 
POORLY, pderMe* ad. Without wealth. Sidney. 
Not prosperously; with little success. Bacon. Mean- 
ly; without spirit. Shak. Without dignity. Wot- 
ton. 
POO'RLY, pooV-le. a. A colloquial expresMon, in 

several parts of England, for indifferent in health. 
POO'RNESS, pOOr'-nes. n. s. Poverty; indigence; 
want. Cliapman. Meanness; Jowness ; want of 
dignity. Howell. Narrowness ; want of capacity. 
Spectator. Sterility; barrenness. Bacon. 
POORSPFRITED, pSSr-spir'-Jt-eU a. Mean ; cow- 
ardly. Dennis. 
POORSPFRITEDNESS, pSor-spV-it-ed-ngs. n. s. 

Meanness; cowardice. South. 
POP §, pop. n.s. [poppxjsma, Lat.] A small, smart, 

quick sound. Addison. 
To POP, pop. v. n. To move or enter with a quick, 

suddeif, and unexpected motion. Carew. 
To POP, pop. v. a. To put out or in suddenly, slyly, 

or unexpectedly. Shak. To shift. Locke. 
POP*, pop. ad. Suddenly; unexpectedly. Beaumont 

and Fktcher. 
POPE§, pope. n. s. [papa, Lat. ; irdxiras. Gr ] The 
bishop of Rome. Shak. A small fish. Walton, 
707 



POR 



POR 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat J— me, met j— pine, pin : 



POPE-JOAN*, p6pe-j6ne\ n. s. A game at cards. 
Jenner. 

POPEDOM, p6pe'-dum. 1G6. n. s. {pope and dom.] 
Papacy ; papal dignity. Sliakspeare. 

PO PELING*, pope'-ling. n. s. One that adheres to 
the pope. Troub. Reign of K. John. 

POPERY, po'-p&r-e. 555. n.s. The religion of the 
church of Rome. Swift. 

POPESEY'E, pips'-l. n.s. The gland surrounded 
with fat in the middle of the thigh. 

PO'PGUN, pop 7 -gun. n. s. A gun with which chil- 
dren play, that only makes a noise. Cheyne. 

POTIlV JAY, p&p'-pln-ja. n. s. [papegay, Dutch.] 
A parrot. Ascham. A woodpecker. Peacham. A 
trifling fop. Sliakspeare. 

POTIS5H, p6 / -pfsh. a. Taught by the pope ; relating 
to popery : peculiar to popery. Hooker. 

POTISHLY, p6'-p?sh-le. ad. With tendency to po- 
ttery ; in a popish manner. Addison. 

PO'PLAR, p&p'-lar. 88. n. s. [peuplier, Fr. ;populus, 
Lai.] A tree. Miller. 

^O'PLIN*, p&p'-lin. n. s. A kind of stuff, made both 
in England and Ireland, of silk and worsted. 

PO'PPET*. See Puppet. 

PO'PPY, p6p / -pe. n. s. [popi^ 1 , Sax. ; papaver, Lat.] 
A flower. Miller. 

PO'PULACE, pop'-pu-las. 91. n.s. [Fr. ; from pop- 
ulus. Lat.] The vulgar ; the multitude. Pope. 

PO'PULACY, p&p'-pu-la-se. n. s. The common peo- 
ple ; the multitude. King Charles. 

POTULAR§, p&p'-pu-lar. 88. a. [populaire, Fr. : 
popularis, Lat.] Vulgar: plebeian. Milton. Suit- 
able to the common people: familiar ; not critical. 
Hooker. Beloved by the people ; pleasing to the 
people. Hooker. Studious of the favour of the peo- 
ple. Dryden. Prevailing or raging among the 
populace : as, a. popular distemper. 

POPULARITY, p&p-pu-lar'-e-te. n. s. [populari- 
ty, Lat.] Graciousness among the people ; state 
of being favoured by the people. Bacon. Repre- 
sentation suited to vulgar conception; what af- 
fects the vulgar. Bacon. 

POPULARLY, p&p'-pu-lar-le. ad. In a popular 
manner ; so as to please the crowd. Dryden. Ac- 
cording to vulgar conception. Brown. 

To POPULATE §, p6p-pu-]ate. v. n. [populus, 
Lat.] To breed people. Bacon. 

POFULA'TION.pop-pu-la'-shun. n.s. The state of a 
country with respect to numbers of people. Bacon. 

POPULOSITY, pop-pu-tfs'-e-le. n. s. [populosite, 
Fr.] Populousness 5 multitude of people. Brown. 

PO'PULOUS §, pop'-pu-lfis. 314. a. [populosus, Lat.] 
Full of people; numerously inhabited. Milton. 

POTULOUSLY, pop'-pu-lus-le. ad. With much 
people. • 

PO'PULOUSNESS, pop'-pu-l&s-nes. n. s. The state 
of abounding with people. Fuller. 

PORCELAIN, p6r'-se-lane. n.s. [porcelaine, Fr.; 
porcellana. Ital.] China; china ware; fine dishes, 
of a middle nature between earth and glass, and 
therefore semipellucid. Bacon, [portulaca, Lat.] 
An herb. Ainsworlh. 

PORCH, p6rtsh. 352. n.s. [porche, Fr.; portions, 
Lat.] A roof supported by pillars before a door ; an 
entrance. Judges, iii. A portico; a covered walk. 
Sliakspeare. 
POTvCUPINE, p&r'-ku-plne. 149. n.s. [porcespi. 
or epic, Fr.] An animal as large as a moderate pig. 
Hill. 
PQR.E §, pore. n. s. [pore, Fr. ; iro'po?, Gr.] Spiracle 
of the skin; passage of perspiration. Bacon. Any 
narrow spiracle or passage. Quincy. 
To PORE, p6re. v. n. To look with great intense- 
ness and care; to examine with great attention. 
Dryden. 
To PORE*, pore. v. a. To examine : with on. Milt. 
PO'REBLIND, p6re 7 -blind, a. [commonly spoken 
and written purblind ; TrwpSj.] Nearsighted ; short- 
sighted. Bacon. 
PO'RINESS, p6'-re-nes. n. s. Fulness of pores. 

Wiseman. 
POP.VSTICK Method, po.^rls'-tik-meW-ud. «. *. 



[rroptaTiKos.] [In mathematicks.] That which de- 
termines when, by what means, and how many 
different ways, a problem may be solved. Dirt. 

PORK §, pork. n.s. [ pore, Fr.;7?orc?«, Lat.] Swine's 
flesh unsalted. Shak. A hog ; a pig. Milton. 

PO'RKEATER, p6rk'-e-tur. n. s. One who feeds 
on pork. Sliakspeare. 

PO'RKER, p6rk / -ur. n. s. A hog ; a pig. Pope. 

PO'RKET, p6rk'-?t. 99. n. s. A young hog. Dryden. 

PO'RKLING, p6rk'-llng. 410. n. s. A young pig. 
Tusser. 

PORO'SITY^o-r&s'-se-te. n.s. [porosite, Fr.] Qua\ 
ity of having pores. Bacon. 

POROUS §, p<V-rus. 314. a. [poreau, Fr.] Having 
small spiracles or passages. Chapman. 

POROUSNESS, po'-rus-n£s. n. s. The quality of 
having pores ; the porous part. Digby. 

PO'RPHYRE, por'-fur. ; n. s. [vooebvoa, Gr. ; por- 

PO'RPHYRY, por'-fur-e. \ plnj rites, Lai. ;porphy- 
re, Fr.] Marble of a particular kind. Peacham. 

PO'RPOlSE, ) s, . {n.s. [pore poisscm, Fr.] 

PO'RPUS, $P or -P a M The sea-hog. Locke. 

PORRA/CEOUS, p6r-ra>-shus. a. [porraceus, Lat.] 
Greenish. Wiseman. 

PORRE'CTION, por-r^k'-shun. ?*. s. [porrectio, 
Lat.] The act of reaching forth. 

PO'RRET, pdr'-rit. 99. ».*. [porrum, Lat.] A seal- 
lion. Brown. 

PO'RRIDGE, por'-ridje. n. s. [more properly por- 
rage: porrata, low Lat. from porrum, a leek.] 
Food maoe by boiling meat in water: broth. Sliak- 
speare. 

PO RRIDGEPOT, p&r'-rldje-p&t. n. s. The pot in 
which meat is boiled for a family. Butler. 

PORRINGER, p&r'-rln-jur. n. s. [from porridge.-] 
A vessel in which broth is eaten. Bacon. It seems, 
in Shakspeare's time, to have been a word of con- 
tempt tor a headdress. Sliakspeare. 

PORT§, port. n.s. [port, Fr.; portus, Lat.] A har- 
bour ; a safe station for ships. Spenser, [popfc, Sax. ; 
porta, Lat. ; porte, , Fr.] A gate. Psalm ix. The 
aperture in a ship, at which the gun is put out. 
Raleigh, [portee, Fr.] Carriage ; air ; mien ; man- 
ner ; bearing. Spenser. A kind of wine : from 
Oporto, in Portugal. Prior, The Ottoman court 
the Sublime Port : so called from the gate of the 
sultan's palace, where justice is distributed. 

To PORT, port. v. a. [porto, Lai; poiter ,Fr.] To 
cany in form. Milton. 

PO'RTABLE, por'-la-bl. 405. jx. [portabilis, Lat.] 
Manageable by the hand. Such as may be borne 
along with one. South. Such as is transported 
or carried from one place to another. Locke. Suf- 
ferable ; supportable. Sliakspeare. 

PO'RTABLENESS, p6r'-la-bl-nes. n. s. The quali- 
ty of being portable. 

PO'RTAGE, p6rt'-?dje. 90. n.s. [portage, Fr.] Car- 
riage; the act of carrying. Standard of Equality . 
The price of carriage. Fell, [torn port.] Porthole. 
Sliakspeare. 

PORTAL, por'-tal. 88. n.s. [portal, Span.; portail, 
Fr.] A gate ; the arch under which the gate opens ; 
a door. Sliakspeare. 

PO'RTANCE, p6r / -tanse. n.s. [porter. Fr.] Air; 
mien ; port ; demeanour. Spenser. 

PO'RTASS, por'-tas. n. s, A breviary j a prayer 
book. Chaucer. 

PO'RTATIVE*, p6r'-ta-tiv\ a. [portatif Fr.] Port- 
able. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

PORTCU'LLIS, port-kuF-lls. ) n. s. [portecoulisse, 

PO'RTCLUSE*, port'-kliise. \ Fr.] A sort of ma- 
chine like a harrow, hung over the gates of a city, 
to be let down to keep out an enemy. Spenser. 

To PORTCU'LLIS, pdrt-kul'-lis. v. a. To bar ; to 
shut up. Sliakspeare. 

PORTCU'LLISED*, pc-rt-kul'-Hst. a. Having a 
portcullis. Shenstone. 

PO'RTED*, ported, a. Having gates. B. Jonson. 

To PORTE'NDS, p6r-tend'. v. a. [portendo, Lat.] 
To foretoken ; to foreshow as omens. Hooker. 

PORTE'NSION, pdr-uV-shun. n,s. The act of fore- 
tokening. Brown, Ob. J. 
708 



POS 



POS 



-ih\, move, nor. not ;— tube, tub, bfiH ;—d'tt ;— pound ;—//iin, THi 



PORTE'NTy, pdr-tem . n. s. [ portentum, Lat.] Omen 
if ill ; prodigy foretokening misery. Sliakspeare. 

PORTE'NTOUS, pdr-ien'-tas.«. [portentous, Lat.] 
Foretokening ill ; ominous. S/lo*. Monstroas ; 

prodigious ; wonderful. Mi/ton. 

PORTER*. porMur. 98. n. s. [portier, Fr.j from 
^or/<i. Lat.] One that has the charge of the gale. 
Shak. One who waits at the door to receive mes- 
sages. .Pope. [porte«r,Fr., from porto, Lat.] One 
who carries burthens lor hire. Howell. A kind of 
strong beer, [from being much drunk by porters, 
who carry burthens.] 

PO'RTERAGE, pc-r'-tfir-idje. 90. v.. s. Carriage. 
Smith. Money paid for carriage. 

PO'RTERLY*, pdrMQr-le. a. Coarse ; vulgar. Bray. 

PO / RTESSE,p6r / -t§s. re. s. A breviary. See Por- 

TASS. 

PORTFOLIO*, porl-fo'-le-o. ». s. [portfeuille, Fr.] 
A case, of the size of a large book, to keep loose 
Dapers or prints in. 

PORTGLAVE, p6rt'-glave. n.s. [porter, and glaive, 
Fr. and Erse.] A sword-bearer. Ainsworth. 

PORTGRAVE, port' -grave. ; n. s. [ponfc- 

PORTGREVE, porf-greve. ) Senepa, Sax.] 
The principal magistrate of port-towns. 

PORTHOLE, p6rt'-h6le. n. s. A hole cut like a 
window in a ship's sides where the guns are placed. 

PORTICO, p6r-te-k6. )n. s. [portions, Lat. 5 

PORTICLS* pcV-te-kfis. ) portico, Iial. 5 poptic, 
SaxJ A covered walk j a piazza. B. Jonson. 

PORTION s\ pAr'-shun. n.s. [Fr. 5 portio, Lat.] A 
part. Job, xxvi. A part assigned ; an allotment; a 
dividend. Millon. Part of an inheritance given to 
a child ; a fortune. Prior. A wife's fortune. Sliak- 
speare. 

To PO'RTION, p6r y -shun. v. a. To divide ; to par- 
cel. Rowe. To endow with a fortune. Pope. 

PO'RTIONER, pir'-shun-ur. 98. re. s. One that di- 
vides. 

PO / RTIONIST*,p6r / -shun-ist. n. s. [poitioniste, Fr.] 
One who has a certain academical allowance or 
portion. Of a few benefices in this kingdom, hav- 
ing more than one rector or vicar, the incumbents 
are also called portionists. Life of A. Wood. 

PORTLINESS, p6rt / -Ie-n£s. n.s. Dignity of mien 3 
grandeur of demeanour 5 bulk of personage. Spen- 
ser. V 

PORTLY, pc-rt'-le. a. Grand of mien. Spenser. 
Bulky ; swelling. Sliakspeare. 

PO'RTMAN, porl'-man. 88. n. s. An inhabitant or 
burgess, as those of the cinque ports. Diet. 

PORTMANTEAU, port-man'-to. n.s. [portman- 
teau. Fr.] A chest or bag in which clothes are car- 
ried. Spectator. 

PO'RTMOTE* p6rl'-m6te. n. s. [pop.fc and mote, 
Sax.] A court held in port towns. Blackstone. 

PO'RTOISE, pdr'-tiz. n. s. In sea language, the 
ship is said to ride a portoise, when she rides with 
her yards struck down to the deck. Diet. 

PO'RTRAIT§, p6r / -trate. 90. n. s. [ pourt rait, Fr.] 
A picture drawn after the life. Reynolds. 

To PO'RTRAIT, p6r'-trate. v. a. [pourirairc, Fr.] 
To draw ; to portray. Spenser. 

PORTRAITURE, por'-tra-ture. n. s. [Fr.] Pic- 
ture ; painted resemblance. Sliakspeare. 

To PORTRA'Y, pdr-tra'. 492. v.a. [pourtraire, Fr.] 
To paint ; to describe by picture. Carew. To 
adorn with pictures. Milton. 

PO'RTRESS, por'-trSs. n. s. A female guardian of 
a gate. Milton. 

PO'RTREVE*, porMreve. n. s. [pop.te-#epepa, 
Sax.] The bailiff of a port town ; a kind of mayor. 
Warton. 

PO'RWIGLE, pdr'wig-gl. n. s. A tadpole or young 
frog. Brown. 

PO'RY, p6'-re. a. [poreux, Fr.] Full of pores. Dry- 
den. 

POSE*, p6ze. n. s. [^epo^e, Sax.] A cold ; a ca- 
tarrh; a rheum in the head. Clva.uc.er. 
To POSE $, poze. v. a. [$epo r e, Sax.] To puzzle ; 
to gravel ; to put to a stand or stop. Herbert. To 
oppose ; to interrogate. Bacon. 



POSER, po'-ziir. 98. n. s. One who asks question* 

to try capacities) an examiner. Bacon. 
l'O SITED, pc-z'-zu-eU a. [positus, Lat.] Placed j 

ranged. Hale. 

POSPTIONj pd-zlsh'-fin. re. s. [Fr. ;,positio, Lat.) 
State of being placed ; situation. Wotton. Princi- 
ple laid down. Hooker. Advancement of any 
principle. Brown. [In grammar.] The stale of a 
vowel placed before two consonants, as p6mpous ; 
or a double consonant, as axle. 

POSITIONAL, p6-zish / -ftn-al. a. Respecting posi 
tion. Broun. 

POSITIVES, poz'-ze-nv. 1£7. a. [posilmts, Lat,; 
posilif, Fr.] INot negative; capable of being affirm- 
ed ; real ; absolute. Bacon. Absolute ; partic- 
ular; direct; not implied. Bacon. Dogmatical ; 
ready to lay down notions with confidence. Rijmer. 
Settled by arbitrary appointment. Hooker. Hav- 
ing the power to enact any law. Swift. Certain ; 
assured : as, He was positive as to the fact. 

POSITIVE*, pdz'-ze-dv. n. s. What is capable of 
being affirmed; reality. Soidh. What settles by 
absolute appointment. Waterland, 

POSITIVELY, p&z'-ze-tiv-le. ad. Absolutely; by 
way of direct position. Bacon. Not negatively. 
Bentley. Certainly ; without dubitation. Sliak. 
Peremptorily; in strong terms. Sprat. 

POS1T1VENESS, poz'-ze-t'fv-nes. n.s. Actualness; 
not mere negation. Norris. Peremptoriness ; con 
fidence. Government of the Tongue. 

POSITPVITY, poz-e-Uv'-e-te. n.s. Peremptoriness 
confidence. Watts. A low word. 

POS1TURE, poz'-e-lshure. n. s. [positura, Lat.j 
The manner in which any thing is placed. Bramhalt. 

POSNET, p6z / -net. re. s. [bassinet, Fr.] A little ba- 
sin ; a porringer ; a skillet. Bacon. 

PO'SSE, pos'-se. n. s. [Lat.] An armed power ; 
from posse comitalus, the power of the shires. Ba- 
con. A low word. 

To POSSESS §, poz-zeV. 170. v. a. [possessus, Lat.] 
To have as an owner; to be master of; to enjoy or 
occupy actually. Shak. To seize ; to obtain. Hay- 
icard. To give possession or command of any 
thing; to make master of. Shak. To fill with some- 
thing fixed. Addison. To have power over, as an 
unclean spirit. Roscommon. To affect by intes- 
tine power. Sliakspeare. 

$Cr The 0, in the first syllable of possess and its com- 
pounds, is exactly under the same predicament as the 
same letter in occasion, obedience, &c. which see. W. 

POSSESSION, poz-zeW-un. re. s. [Fr.; possessia, 
Lat.] The state of owning or having in one's own 
hands or power; properly. Ecclus. iv. The thing 
possessed. Temple. Madness caused by the inter- 
nal operation of an unclean spirit. 

To POSSESSION, poz-zeW-an. v. a. To invest 
with property. Carew. Ob. J. 

POSSE SSIONER, poz-zesh'-un-ur. n. s. Master 
one Uia* has the power or property of any thing. 
Sidney. 

POSSESSIVE, poz-zeV-sfv. a. [possesshws , Lat.j 
Having possession. Denoting possession : a gram 
matical term. Lcwth. 

POSSESSORY, poz'-zeVsur-e. [p&z'-zeVsfir-e, 
Perry ; poz-zes'-sfir-e, Jones and Webster.] a. [po»- 
sessoire, Fr.] Having possession. Howell. 

ftCf For the same reason that I have placed the accent 
on the first syllable of dimissory, I have placed it on 
the first syllable of this word: our language seems to 
prefer deriving it from the Latin posscssorius, to form-' 
ing it from our own word possess .- and, when this is the 
case, the accent is generally on the first syllable, be- 
cause the secondary accent was on that syllable in the 
English pronunciation of the Latin word. — See Acad- 
emy. Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan give this word 
the same accentuation as I have done ; but most of our 
other orthoepists accent the second syllable. W. 

POSSESSOR, p&z-zes'-s&r. 166. re. s. [Lat.] Own- 
er ; master ; proprietor. Milton. 

POSSET §. p6s ; -slt. 99. re. s. [posca, Lat.] Milk 
curdled with wine or any acid. Sliakspeare. 

To POSSET, p6s'-s?t. v. a. To turn; to curdle . as 
milk with acids. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
709 



POS 



POT 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& .;— pine, pin ;— 



POSSIBILITY, pos-se-MF-e-te. n. s. [possibility 
Fr.] The power of being 1 in any manner} the state 
of being possible. Hooker. 
POSSIBLE §, p&s'-se-bl. 405. a. [Fr. 3 possibilis, 
Lai.] Having the power to be or to be done ; not 
contrary to the nature of things. Wliitgifl. 
POSSIBLY, pos'-se-ble. ad. By any power really 
existing. Hooker. Perhaps 3 without absurdity. 
Clarendon. 
POST$, p6st. n.s. [poste, Fr.] A hasty messenger 3 
a courier who comes and goes at stated times ; 
commonly a letter-carrier. Abbot. Quick course 
or manner of travelling. Dnjden. [ poste, Fr., from 
positus, Lat.] Situation 5 seat. Bumet. Military 
station. Dnjden. Place 3 employment ; office. Col- 
lier. [po|*fc, Sax. 5 postis, Lat.] A piece of timber 
set erect. Exodus, xii. — Post and pair. An old 
game at cards. B. Jonson. Knight of the post, 
[apposter, Fr.] A fellow suborned 3 a fellow procur- 
ed to do a bad action. Fuller. 

POST*, p6st. a. [apposter, Fr.] Suborned 3 hired to 

do an improper action. Sir E. Sandys. 
To POST, post. v. n. [poster, Fr.] To travel with 

speed. Sfuikspeare. 
To POST, p6st. v. a. To fix opprobriously on posts. 
K. Charles. [ poster, Fr.] To place 3 to station; 
to fix. Dnjden. To register methodically; to trans- 
cribe from one book into another. Arbuthnot. To 
delay. Sliakspeare. 

POST ABLE*, p6st'-a-bl. a. That may be carried. 
W. Mountague. 

PO'STAGE, post'-ldje. 90. n. s. Money paid for 
conveyance of a letter. Dnjden. 

POSTBOY, p6sl'-bde. n.s. Courier: boy that rides 
post. Tatter. 

POSTCHAISE* post'-tshaze. n. s. A travelling 
carriage, with four wheels. Gray. 

To POSTDATE, pAst'-daie. v. a. [post, Lat., and 
date.~\ To date later than the real time. Donne. : 

POSTDILUVIAN, pc-st-de-lii'-ve-an. a. [post and 
dilurAum, LatJ Posterior to the flood. Woodward. 

POSTDILUVIAN, post-de-lu'-ve-an. n. s. One 
that lived since the flood. Grew. 

POSTER, post'-fir. 98. n. s. A courier 3 one that 
travels hastily. Shaksjieare. 

POSTE 'RlOUR^pos-te'-re-ur. a. [Lat, 5 posterieur, 
Fr ] Happening after ; placed after 3 following. 
Bacon. Backward. Pope. 

POSTERIORITY, pos-te-rc-rV-e-te. n.s. [-poste- 
rioritl, FrJ The state of being after : opposite to 
priority. Brown. 

FOSTE'RIOURS^&s-te'-re-urz. 1Q6. n. s. [posteri- 
ora, Lat.] The hinder parts. Swift. 

POSTERITY, pos-teV-e-te. n.s. [ poste ritas, Lat.] 
Succeeding generations 5 descendants. Sl/alcspeare. 

POSTERN, p6s'-lern. ?i.s. [ poterne, Fr. ; posteme, 
Dutch J A small gate; a little door. Spenser. 

POSTEXISTENCE, p6st-%-zis'-tense. n. s. Fu- 
ture existence. Addison. 

POSTHA'CKNEY, post-hak'-ne. n. s. Hired post- 
horses. Wotton. 

POSTHASTE, post-haste', n. s. Haste like that 
of a courier. Shakspeare. 

POSTHORSE, p6st'-hdrse. n. s. A horse stationed 
for the use of couriers. Sidney. 

POSTHOUSE, post'-hoiise. n.s. Postoffice; house 
where letters are taken and despatched. Watts. 

POSTHUME* p6st / -hume. a. Posthumous: the 
elder word. Purchas. 

POSTHUMOUS $, p&st'-hA-mfis. a. [posthumus, 
Lat.] Done, had, or published, after one's death. 
Addison. 

POSTHUMOUSLY*, p&st'-hu-mus-le. ad. After 
one's death. Note on Alterbitnj's Epist. Corresp 

PO STICK, p&s'-tlk. a. [posticus, Lat.] Backward. 
Brown. 

POSTIL $, pos'-dl. n. s. [postille, Fr. ; postil/a, Lat.] 
Gloss ; marginal notes. Bale, 

To PO STIL*, p&s'-til. v. n. To comment ; to make 
illuitr ations. Skelton. 

To POSTIL, pos'-tll. v. a. To gloss j to illustrate 
w::n marginal notes. Bacon. 



POSTPLION, pos-rfl'-yun. 113. [ P 6s-til'-yun, Sheri 
dan and Jories.] n. s. [postilion, Fr.] One who 
guides the first pair of a set of six horses in a coach. 
Cowley. One who guides a postchai.se. 

PO'STILLER, p&s'-tll-fir. n. s. One who glosses or 
illustrates with marginal notes. Brown. 

POSTLlMI'NIAR*,p6st-le.-nnV-e-ar. ) .«. [postli- 

POSTLIMPNIOUS, po-st-le-imV-e-fis. $ ?ninium. 
LatJ Done or contrived subsequently. South. 

POSTMAN*, post'-man. n. s. A post; a courier; 
commonly, a letter-carrier. Granger. 

POSTMASTER, p6st / -ma-st&r. n. s. One who has 
charge of publiek conveyance of letters. Shak. A 
portionist. See Portionist. An academical term. 

POSTMASTER-G ENERA L.pfct'-ma-slfir-jen'-er- 
al. n. s. He who presides over the posts or letter- 
carriers. 

POSTMERFDIAN, pisl-me-rid'-e-an. [See Meri- 
dian.] a. [postmeridianus, Lat.] Being in the after- 
noon. Bacon. 

POSTNATE*. p6st'-nate. a, [post and natus, Lat.] 
Subsequent. Bp. Taylor. 

POSTOFFICE, post'-of-fk n. s. Office where let- 
ters are delivered to the post ; a poslhouse. Gay. 

To POSTPONE §, p6st-pone / . v. a. [postpono, Lat.] 
To put oft'; to delay. Drydcri. To set in value be- 
low something else : with to. Locke. 

POSTPONEMENT*, post-pone'-ment. n. s. De- 
lay. 

POSTPO'NENCE*, pc-st-pi'-nense. n. s. Dislike. 
Dr. Johnson. 

POSTPOSITION*, P 6st-pd : z3sh'-fin. n.s. [postpos- 
iius, Lat.] The state of being put back, or out of 
the regular place. Mcde. 

POSTSCRIPT, pisl'-skrfpt. n. s. [post and scriplum, 
Lat.] The paragraph added to the end of a letter. 
Bacon. 

POST-TOWN*, p6st'-t6un. n. s. A town where post- 
horses are kept ; a town, in which there is a post- 
office. Wakefield. 

POSTULANT t. pos'-tshu-lant. n.s. A candidate. 
Mason. 

To POSTULATES, p&s'-tshft-late. v. a. [postulo, 
Lat.] To beg or assume without proof. Brown- 
To invite ; to require by entreaty. Burnet. 
POSTULATE, pos'-tshu-lat. 90. n. s. [post/datum 
Lat.] Position supposed or assumed without proof. 
Brown. 
PQSTULA'TION, pos-tshu-la'-shun. n. s. [postuki- 
tio, Lat.] The act of supposing without proof 3 gra- 
tuitous assumption. Hale. Supplication} interces- 
sion. Pearson. Suit 3 cause. Burnet. 
POSTULATORY, pos'-tslm-la-tur-e. 512. [See 
Domestick.] a. Assuming without proof. Assumed 
without proof. Brown. 
POSTULA'TUM, pds-lshn-la'-t&m. 503. ??. s 
[Lat.] Position assumed without proof. Addison. 

#jr This is a Latin word which forms its plural some- 
times like its original postulate/., and sometimes as in 
English postulatums : the former is the more eligible, 
if we are discoursing logically; and the latter if we are 
speaking less methodically. W 

POSTURE &, p6s'-tshure. 4G3. n. s. [Fr. ; posituro. 
Lat.] Place ; situation. Hale. Voluntary colloca- 
tion of the parts of the body with respect to each 
other. Shak. State ; disposition. Clarendon. 

To POSTURE, pds'-tshure. v. a. To put in any 
particular place or disposition. Brook. 

POSTUREMASTER, p&s'-tshAr-ma-stBr. n.s. One 
who teaches or practises artificial contortions of the 
body. Spectator. 

POSY, prV-ze. n. s. [contracted from poesy.] A mot 
to on a ring, or on any thing else. Shak. A bunch 
of flowers. ^Spenser. 

POT^, pot. v. s. [pot, Fr. and Dutch.] A vessel in 
which meat is boiled on the fire. Dry den. Vessel 
to hold liquids. St. John. Vessel made of earth 
Mortimer. A cup : now usually supposed to con 
tain a quart. Sliak. — To go to pot. To be dc 
stroyed or devoured : a low phrase. Arbuthnot. 

To POT, p&t. v. a. To preserve seasoned in pots. 
Dryden. To enclose in pots of earth. Evelyn. 
710 



POT 



POU 



-ik 1 ), move, n6r, nOt ; — tube, tab, ball ;— 611 ; — pound j — </dn, th! 



POTABLE $. p6'-ta-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; potabilis, Lat.] 
be drunk; drinkable 



ahakspeart 
Something which may 



Such as may 
POTABLE*, po'-ia-bl. n 

be drank. Philips 
PO TABLENESS, pdMa-bl-nes. n. y. Drinkable- 

ness. 
PC) TAGER, pot -d-ji'ir. n. s. [from pottage.] A por- 
ringer. Grew. 
POTA'RGO, po-tar'-go. n. s. A kind of sauce or 

pickle imported from the West Indies. King. 
POTASH, pdl'-ash. n. s. [potasse, Fr.] An impure, 
fixed, alkaline salt, made by burning from vegeta- 
bles, of great use to the manufacturers of soap and 
glass, to bleachers, and to dyers. Hill. 
POTATION, p6-ta'-shun.«. s. [potatio, ; Lat.] Drink- 
ing bout. Draught. Shak. Species of drink. 
Shakspeare. 
POTATO, p6-ta/-to. n. s. An esculent root. Mil- 
iar. 
POTBELLIED, pflt'-bel-lid. 283. a. Having a 

swollen paunch. Gray. 
POTBELLY, pdt'-bel-le. n. s. A swelling paunch. 

Arbut'aaot. 
To POTCH poteh. v. n. [pocher, Fr.] To thrust 5 to 

push. Shakspeare. 
To POTCH, p6tsh. v. a. \ pocher, Fr.] To poach ; 
to boil slightly. It is commonly written poach. 
Wiseman. 
POTCOMPA'NION,p6t / -kum>pan / -y5n. n.s. A fel- 
low-drinker; a good fellow at carousals. L' Es- 
trange. 
POTENCY, po'-ten-se. n.s. [potentia, Lat.] Power; 
influence; authority. Shak. Efficacy; strength. 
Shakspeare. 
POTENT §, p6'-tent. a. [potens, Lat.] Powerful; 
forcible; strong; efficacious. Hooker. Having 
great authority or dominion : as, potent monarchs. 
POTENT*, po'-tent. n. s. A prince ; a potentate. 
Shak. [potentia, low Lat.] A walking-staff; a 
crutch. Chancer. Ob. T. 
POTENT ACY*, po'-ten-tas-e. n. s. Sovereignty 

Bar r mo. 
POTENTATE, poMSn-tate. 91. n. s. [potentat, Fr.] 

Monarch; prince; sovereign. Daniel. 
POTENTIAL, pO-ieV-shal. a. [potenciel, Fr.; po- 
tmtialis, Lat.] Existing in possibility, not in act 
Raleigh. Having the effect without the external 
actual property. Sluik. Efficacious ; powerful 
Shak. [In grammar.] Potential is a mood denoting 
the possibility of doing any action. 
POTENTIALITY, P 6-ten-she-al'-e-te. 542. n. s 

Possibilitv ; not actuality. Bp. Taylor. 
POTENTIALLY, p6-len / -shal-e. ad. In power or 
possibility ; not in act, or positively. Bentley. In 
efficacy; not in actuality. Hooker. 
POTENTLY, p6Ment-Ie. ad. Powerfully; forci- 
bly-. Bacon. 
POTENTNESS, po'-tent-nes. n. s. Powerfulness ; 

might ; power. 
POTESTATIVE*, po'-teV-ta-tly.or pc-teV-ta-uV. a. 

[potestative, low Lat.] Authoritative. Pearson. 
POTGUN, pot'-gun. n. s. [by mistake or corrup- 
tion for popgun.] A gun which makes a small, 
smart noise. Bp. Hall. 
PO'THANGER^fit'-hdng-fir. n. s. [pot and hanger.] 
Hook or branch on which the pot is hung over the 
fire. 
PO THECARY, pM'-e-ka-re. 470. n. s. [bolicario, 
Spanish.] One who compounds and sells physick. 
Cliaucer. 
POTHER§, puTH'-fir. 165, 469. n. s. [poudre, Fr.] 
Bustle; tumult; flutter. Shak. Suffocating cloud. 
Drayton. 
To POTHER, p&TH'-ur. v. n. To make a bluster- 
ing, ineffectual pffort. 
To POTHER, pUTH'-ur. v. a. To turmoil ; to puz- 

POTHERB, pdt'-erb. 394. n. s. An herb fit for the 
pot. Taller. 

POTHOOK, pSt'-hoSk. n.s. Hooks to fasten pots or 
kettles with. Beaumont and Fletcher. Ill-formed 
or scrawled letters or characters. Dryden. 



POTHOUSE*, p&t'-hflfise. n. s. An ale-house. 

W'artiUi. 
POTION, po'-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; polio, Lat.] A 

draught ; commonly a physical draught. Bacon. 
POT LID, pftt'-lid. n.s. The cover of a pot. Der 

hum. 
POTMAN*, peH'-man. n.s. A pot companion. A. 

Wood. 
POTSHARE*, p6t'-share. > n. s. [share or shared 
POTSHERD, pot'-sherd. $ any thing divided, or 
separatedj A fragment of a broken pot. Spenser: 
POTTAGE, pot'-tldje. 90. n.s. [potage. Fr.; from 
pot.] Any thing boiled or decocted for food. Gen- 
esis^ 
POTTER, pot'-ldr. n. s. [potier, Fr.] A maker of 

earthen vessels. Dryden. 
POTTERN-ORE, p6t'-tern-6re. n. s. An ore with 

which potters glaze their earthen vessels. Boyle. 
POTTERY*, pot'-tur-e. n.s. [poterie, Fr.] A place 
where earthen vessels are made. The earthen 
vessels made. 
POTTING, pot'-t?ng. 410. n.s. Drinking. Shak. 
POTTLE, pot'-tl. 405. n. s. [potel, old Fr.] Liquid 
measure containing four pints ; a tankard, or pot, 
out of which glasses are filled. Sliakspeare. 
POTULENT, pot'-tshu-lent. a. [potukntas, Lat.] 

Pretty much in drink. Diet. Fit to drink. 
POTVA'LIANT, pdt-val'-yant. a. [pot and valiant.] 

Heated to courage by strong drink. Addison. 
POUCH §, p6utsh. 313. n.s. [pocca, Sax; peche, 
Fr.] A small bag; a pocket. Sluxk. Applied lu- 
dicrously to a big belly or paunch. 
To POUCH, poutsh. v. a. To pocket. Tusser. To 
swallow. Dei-ham. To pout; to hang down the 
lip. Ainsicorth. 
POU'CHMOUTHED, P 6utsh'-m6uTHd. a. Blub- 

berlipped. Ainsworth. 
POU/LDAVIS, P 6le / -da-vls. n.s. A sort of sail cloth. 

Ainsworth. See Poled a vy. 
To POU'LDER*. See To Powder. 
POU'LDRON*. See Powldron. 
POULE* or POOL* pool. n. s. [Fr.] The stakes 

played for at some games of cards. Southern. 
POULTS, p6lt. 318. n. s. [poulet, Fr.] A young 

chicken. King. 
&5= This word is corrupted, by the great as well as the 
small vulgar, into pout, rhyming with out. — See Aspar- 
agus and Cucumber. W. 
POU'LTER* p6l'-tur. ) n. s. [frompoult.] One 

POULTERER, pil'-tar-ur. $ whose trade is to sell 

fowls ready for the cook. Shakspeare. 
POU'LTICE §, P6F-US. 142. n. s. [pulte, Fr.; puUis f 
Lat.] A cataplasm ; a soft, mollifying application 
Bacon. 
To POULTICE, p&'-tls. v. a. To apply a poultice 

or cataplasm. 
POU'LTIVE, p6l / -rfv. n. s. A poultice. Temple. 
POULTRY, p6l'-tre. n. s. Domestick fowls. Dry- 
den. 
POUNCE §, pofinse. 313. n. s. [ponzute, ItaJ.] The 
claw or talon of a bird of prey. Spenser. The 
powder of gum sandarach, so called because it is 
thrown upon paper through a perforated box 
[ponce. Fr.] Cloth worked in eyelet holes. Homily. 
To POUNCE, p6unse. v. a. [ponzonare, Ital.] To 
pierce ; to perforate. Sir T. Elyot. To pour or 
sprinkle through small perforations. Bacon. To 
seize with the pounces or talons. 
POU'NCED, pounst. 359. a. Furnished with claws 

or talons. Tlwmson. 
POUNCETBOX, pMn'-sit-boks. n. s. A small bos 

perforated. Sliakspeare. 
POUND $. p6und. 313. n.s. [pon&, punb, Sax.] A 
certain weight, consisting in troy weight of twelve, 
in avoirdupois of sixteen ounces. South. The 
sum of twenty shillings ; which formerly weighed 
a pound; Peacham. [pinban, Sax.] A pinfold j. an 
enclosure. Swift. 
To POUND, p6&nd. v. a. [puman, Sax.] To beatj 
to grind, as with a pestle. Dryden. [pinoan, Sax.] 
To shut up; to imprison, as in a pound Wot 
ton. 

711 



POW 



PRA 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



POU NDAGE, pound'-idje. 90. n. s. A certain sum 
deducted from a pound. Shrift. Payment rated by 
the weight of the commodity. Clarendon. Con- 
finement of cattle in a pound. Huloet. 

POUNDER, pdund'-fir. 98. n. s. The name of a 
heavy, large pear. Dryden. Any person or thing 
denominated from a certain number of pounds: as, 
a ten pounder, a gun that carries a bullet of ten 
pounds' weight. Swift. A pestle. Ainsworth. One 
who impounds cattle ; a pinner. Huloet. 

POUNDFOO'LISH*, pdund-foSl'-lsh. a. [pound 
and foolish.] Neglecting the care of large sums 
for the sake of attention to little ones. Burton. 

POUPETON, pOo'-pe-tfin. n. s. [poupee, Fr.] A 
puppet or little baby. 

POU'PICKS, pc-o'-piks. n. s. [In cookery.] Veal 
steaks and slices of bacon. Baileij. 

To POUR §, p6ur. 316. [p66r, p6re,or p6ur, Fulton 
and Knight ; p56r, Jones ; so also Kenrick, Sheri- 
dan, and Perry, and not pdSr. See Ws Prin. 316.] 
v. a. [bwrw, Welsh.] To let some liquid out of a 
vessel, or into some place or receptacle. Exod. iv. 
To emit ; to give vent to ; to send forth ; to let out ; 
to send in a continued course. Locke. 

&3= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce this word as I have 
done: Mr. Nares, alone, pronounces it pore. W. 

To POUR, pdur. v. n. To stream ; to flow. Prov. 
To rush tumultucusly. Gay. 

POURER, pour'-ur. 93, 316. n. s. One that pours. 

To POU RLIEU*. See Purlieu. 

To POURTRAY* See To Portray. 

POUSSE, n. s. The old word for pease, corrupted, as 
mav seem, from pulse. Spenser. 

POUT, p8ut. 313. n. s. A kind offish ; a cod-fish. A 
kind of bird. Carew. 

To POUT§. p6ut. v. n. [boater, Fr.] To look sullen 
by thrusting out the lips. Shak. To shoot out; to 
hang prominent. Wiseman. 

POUT*, p6&t. n. s. In colloquial language, a fit of 
sullenness. 

PORTING*, pdut'-ing. n.s. A fit of childish sullen- 
ness. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

POVERTY, pov'-vur-te. n. s. [pouepte, Norm. 
Sax. ; pauvrete, Fr.] Indigence ; necessity ; want 
of riches. Shak. Meanness; defect. Bacon. 

PO'WDER$, pSiV-dur. 98, 322. n. s. [poudre, Fr.] ! 
Dust of the earth : the primary meaning. WicliJ'e. i 
Dust; any body comminuted. Ex. xxxii. Gunpow-j 
der. Hay ward. Sweet dust for the hair. Herbert. \ 

To PO' WDER, p6u'-dur. w. a. [poudrer, pouldrer. j 
Fr.] To reduce to dust ; to comminute : to pound ' 
or grind small. Spenser. To sprinkle, as with 
dust. Bolton. To salt; to sprinkle with salt. Bacon. 

To PO' WDER, pdu'-dur. v. n. To come tumultu- 
ously and violently. L' 'Estrange. 

PO'WDERBOX, p6u'-dur-boks. n. s. A box in which 
powder for the hair is kept. Gay. 

POWDER-CHESTS, pdtV-dur-tshests. n. s. On 
board a ship, ?hests filled with gunpowder, pebble- 
stones, and such like materials, set on fire when a 
ship is boarded by an enemy. Diet. 

PO'WDERFLASK* pdu'-d fir-flask. ) n, s. [poiv- 

PO'WDERHORN, p6u'-dfir-h8rn. \ der, flask, 
and horn.] A horn case in which gunpowder is 
kept. Swift. 
POW DERM ILL, pdu'-d&r-mll. n. s. The mill in 
which the ingredients for gunpowder are ground 
and mingled. Arbuthnot. 
PO' WD ERMINE*, pSu'-dur-mlne. n. s. A cavern 
in which powder is placed, so as to be fired at a 
proper time. Rowley. 
PO'WDERROOM, P 5iY-dur-ro6m. n. s. The part 
of a ship in which the gunpowder is kept. Waller. 
POWDERING-TUB, po&'-dur-?ng-tub. n. s. The 
vessel in which meat is sahed. More. The place 
in which an infected lecher is physicked to preserve 
him from putrefaction. Shakspeare. 
PO'WDERY, poiV-d&r-e. a. [poudreux, Fr.] Dusty ; 

friable. Woodward. 
PO'WDIKE*, pou'-dlke. n. s. The marsh or fen 
dike. Blackstone. 



POWERS, p6u'-ur. 98, 322. n. s. [pouvoir, Fr.] 
Command; authority; dominion; influence of 
greatness. Shale. Influence; prevalence upon. 
Bacon. Ability ; force ; reach. Hooker. Strength ; 
motive ; force. Locke. . The moving force ot an 
engine. Wilkins. Animal strength ; natural 
strength. Sidney. Faculty of the mind. Shak. 
Government; right of governing. Milton. Sove- 
reign; potentate. Addison. One invested with 
dominion. St. Matt. Divinity. Shak. Host ; army ; 
military force. Spenser. A large quantity ; a great 
number. In low language : as, a power of good 
things. 

PO'WERABLE, pou'-iir-a-bl. a. Capable of per- 
forming any thing. Camden. 

POWERFUL, pou'-ur-ful. a. Invested with com- 
mand or authority ; potent. Dryden. Forcible ; 
mighty. Milton. Efficacious : as, a powerful med- 
icine. Shakspeare. 

POWERFUL LY^ou'-ur-ful-e.arf. Potently; might- 
ily; efficaciously; forcibly. Boyle. 

PO'WERFULNESS^ou'-ur-ful-nes. n. s. Power; 
efficacy ; might ; force. Halcewill. 

POWERLESS, pdiV-ur-les. a. Weak; impotent. 
Shakspeare. 

PO'WLDRON*, pouK-drun. n. s. That part of ar- 
mour which covers the shoulders : an heraldick 
term. Sandys. 

PO'WTER*, pou'-tur. n. s. A kind of pigeon . more 
properly, perhaps, pouter, from the protuberance 
of its crop. 

POX, poks. n. s. [properly pocks : poccar, Sax.] 
Pustules; efflorescences; exanlhematous eruptions. 
It is used of many eruptive distempers. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. The venereal disease : this is the 
sense when it has no epithet. Wiseman. 

POY, p6e. n. s. [appoyo, Span. ; appuy, poids, Fr.] 
A ropedancer's pole ; a pole to push forward a 
boat. 

To POZE, p6ze. v. a. To puzzle. See To Pose. 
Shakspeare. 

PRACTICABILITY*, prak'-te-ka-bll'-e-te. n. s. 
Possibility to be performed. Johnson. 

PRACTICABLE, prak'-te-ka-bl. a. [Fr.] Perform- 
able ; feasible; capable to be practised. L' Es- 
trange. Assailable; fit to be assailed : as, a.practi- 
cable breach. 

PRACTICABLENESS, prak'-te-ka-bl-nes. n. s. 
Possibility to be performed. Locke. 

PRACTICABLY, prak'-te-ka-ble. ad. In such a 
manner as may be performed. Rogers. 

PRACTICAL, prak'-te-kai. a. [practicus, Lat.] Re- 
lating to action ; not merely speculative. South. 

PRACTICALLY, prak'-te-kal-le. ad. [from practi- 
cal.] In relation to action. By practice ; in real 
fact. Howell. 

PRACTICALNESS, prak'-te-kal-nes. n. s. The 
quality of beinff practical. 

PRACTICED pmk'-tls. 142. n.s. [npaKTiKri ; pra- 
tique, Fr.] The habit of doing any thing. Ld. Ches- 
terfield. Use; customary use. Dryden. Dexterity 
acquired by habit. Shak. Actual performance, 
distinguished from theory. South. Method or art 
of doing any thing. 2 Pet. ii. Medical treatment 
of diseases. Shak. Exercise of any profession. 
Blackmore. [ppset, Sax., cunning.] Wicked strat- 
agem; bad artifice. Sidney. A rule in arithme- 
tick. 

PRACTICK, prak'-tik. a. [npaKTixbg.]. Relating to 
action ; not merely theoretical. Shak. Sly ; art- 
ful. Spenser. Conversant; acquainted with ; skil- 
ful. Spenser. 

To PRACTISES, prak'-tfs. 499. v. a. [-npaKiucos. 
Gr. ; pratiquer, Fr.] To do habitually. Psalm 
cxli. To do ; not merely to profess : as, to 
practise law or physick. Taller. To use in order 
to habit and dexterity. Milton. To draw by arti- 
fices. Swift. 
To PRACTISE, prak'-tls. v. n. To form a habit of 
acting in any manner. Milton. To transact ; to 
negotiate secretly. Addison. To try artifices. 
Granville. To use bad arts or stratagems. Shak. 
712 



PR A 



PRE 



— niS, move, nflr, not ;— tiibe, trib. hull •, — oil }— p6ftnd ;— </iin, tips. 



To use medical methods. Temple. To exercise 
anv profession. Taller. 
PRA CTISANT, piak'-tlz-ant. n, s. An agent. Shak- j 

r K A CTISER, prak'-Os-sur. 98. n. s. One that prac- 
tises any thing; one that does anything habitually. 
South. One who prescribes medical treatment. 
Temple. One who uses bad arts or stratagems. 
Bacon. 

PRACTITIONER, prak-t?sb'-cm-ur. n.s. He who 

is engaged in the actual exercise of any art. Ar- 

buthnot. One who uses any sly or dangerous arts. 

One who does anv thing habitually. 

Soul 

PR^E. See Pre. 

PRjEMUNPRE. See Premunire. 

PR^COGXITA. pre-kog -ne-ta. 92. 7;. s. [Lat.] 
Things previously known in order to understanding 
something else; thus the structure of the human 
bodv is one of the prcecognita of physick. Locke. 

PRAGMATICK §, prag-mat -tik. 509. ) a. [-ody- 

PRAGMA'TICAL'$, prag-mal'-te-kal. \ para, Gr.j 
pragmatique, Fr.] Meddling; impertinently busy ; 
assuming business without leave or invitation. B. 
Jomon. 

PRAGMA TIC ALLY, prag-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. Med- 
dlingly; impertinently, Barrow. 

PRAGMA TICALNESS, prag-mat'- te-kal-nes. u.s. 
The quality of intermeddling without right or call. 
More. 

PRA'G3IATIST*, prag'-ma-tist. *. s. One who is 
impertinently busy. Bp. Reynolds. 

PRAHME*. SeePRAME. 

PRAI'SABLE*, pra'-za-bl. a. That may be praised. 
Wiclifje. 

PRAISE $, praze. 202. n. s. [prijs, Teut.; prez, 
Span. ; prezzo, Ital. ; preis, Germ.] Renown ; com- 
mendation ; fame; honour; celebrity. Zeph. hi. 
Glorification; tribute of gratitude: laud. Psalm\ 
xl. Ground or reason of praise. Dryden. 

To PRAISE, praze. v. a. [prijsen, Dutch.] To com- 
mend ; to applaud ; to celebrate. Milton. To glo- 1 
rify in worship. St. Luke. ii. 

PRAI'SEFUL. praze'-ful. a. Laudable; commend- 1 
able. Sidney'. Ob. J 

PRAI'SELESS*, prsze'-lgs. a. Wanting praise;] 
vithout praise. Sy&ey. 

PRAI SER, pra'-=<ir. 93. n.s. One who praises ; an 
anplauder ; a rommender. Sidney. 

PRAISEWOKTHILY*,praze'-wur-THe-le. ad. In 
a manner vorthy of praise. Spenser. 

PRAISE WO RTHIN ESS*, praze -wur-THe-nes. 
n. 5. WAat deserves or is entitled to praise. A. 
Smith 

PRAISE WO'RTHY, praze'-wur-THe. a. Com- 
mendable ; deserving praise. Spenser. 

PRiME. prime, n.s. [pram, Icel. ; prame, Teut.] 
A flat-bottomed boat. Biblioth. Bibl. i. 

To PRANCE $, pranse. 78,79. v.n. [pronken, Dut. ; 
prangen. Germ.] To spring and bound in high 
mettle. Nahum, iii. To ride ga-Hantly and ostenta- 
tiously. Addison. To move in a warlike or showy- 
manner. Swift. 

I'RA NCING*, pran'-sing. n. s. The act of bounding, 
as a horse in high mettle. Judges, v. 

To PRANK §, prangk. ?j. a. [pronken, Dutch.] To 
decorate ; to dress or adjust to ostentation. Spm- 
ser. 

PRANK, prangk. 408. n. s. [pronk, Dutch.] A frol- 
ick ; a wild flight ; a ludicrous trick ; a mischiev- 
ous act. Spenser. 

PRANK*, prangk. a. Frolicksome ; full of tricks. 
Brewer. 

PRA'NKER*, prangk'-Sr. n. s. One who dresses os- 
tentatiously. Burton. 

PRA'NKING*, prangk'-lng. n. s. Ostentatious dec- 
oration. More. 
PRA'SON, pra'-sn. n. s. [rpdeov.'] A leek : also a 

sea weed as green as a leek. Bailey. 
To PRATE §, prkte. v.n. [ praten, Dutch.] To talk 
carelessly and without weight ; to chatter; to tat- 
tle ; to be loquacious ; to prattle. Tusser. 
90 



PRATE, pr&te. n.s. Tattle ; slight talk ; unmeaning 
loquacity. Shakspeure. 

PRA'TER, nra'-tur. 98. re. s. An idle talker ; a chat 
terer. Sliakspeare. 

PRA'TING*,pra'-img. n.s. Chatter; idle prate. Bac. 

PRA'TINGLY, pra'-Ung-le. 410. ad. With tittle- 
tattle ; with loquacitv.- 

PRATIQUE, prat' -ilk. n. s. [Fr. ; prattica, Ita,.] 
A license for the master of a ship to traflick in the 
ports of Italy upon a certificate, that the place, 
from whence he came, is not annoyed with any in- 
fectious disease. Bailey. 

To PRATTLER prat'-tl. 405. v. n. [diminutive of 
prate.] To talk lightly; to chatter; to be trivially 
loquacious. Locke. 

PRA'TTLE, prat'-tl. n. s. Empty talk ; trifling lo- 
quacitv. Sliakspeare. 

PR A TTLER, prat'-lur. 98. n.s. A trifling talker ; a 
chatterer. Sliakspeare. 

PRA'VITY, prav'-e-te. n. s. [pravVas, Lat.] Cor- 
ruption : badness ; malignity. Milton. 

PRAWN, prawn, n.s. A small crustaceous fish, like 
a shrimp, but larger. Sliakspeare. 

PRAXIS*, prak'-sis. n.s. [Lat.] Use; practice. 
Coventry. 

To PRAY§, pra. v.n. [prier, Fr. ; praier, old Fr.] 
To make petitions to heaven. Jam. v. To entreat ; 
to ask submissively. Dryden.- — To pray in aid. A 
term used for a petition made, in a court of justice, 
for the calling in of help from another, that hath an 
interest in the cause in question. Hanmer. — I pray. 
that is, /pray you to tell me, is a slightly ceremoni- 
ous form of introducing a question. Bentley. 

To PRAY, pra. v. a. To supplicate ; to implore 5 to 
address with submissive petitions. St. Matt. ix. To 
ask for as a supplicant. Ayliffe. To entreat in cer- 
emonv or form. B. Jonson. 

PRAYER, pra'-ur. 98. n.s. [praier, old Fr. ;priere, 
modern.] Petition to heaven. Rom. x. Mode of 
petition. Wliite. Practice of supplication. Shak 
Single formule of petition. Fell. Entreaty; submi.s 
sive importunity. Stilling Jleet. 

PRA'YERBOOKpra'-fir-bOok. n.s. Book of pub- 
lick or private devotions. Sliakspeare. 

PRA'YINGLY* pra'-ing-le. ad. With supplication 
to God. Milton. 

PRE. [prce, Lat.] A particle which, prefixed to 
words derived from the Latin, marks priority of 
time or rank. 

To PREACH §, pretsh. 227. v. n. [prcedico, Lat. ; 
prescher, Fr.] To pronounce a publick discourse 
upon sacred subjects. Si. Matt. iv. 

To PREACH, pretsh. v. a. To proclaim or publish 
in religious orations. Acts. To inculcate publick- 
ly ; to teach with earnestness. Hooker. 

PREACH, pretsh. n. s. [presclie, Fr.] A discourse ; 
a religious oration. Hooker. 

PREACHER, pretsh'-ur. 98. n. s. [prescheur, Fr.] 
One who discourses publickly upon religious sub- 
jects. Ps. Ixviii. One who inculcates any thing 
with earnestness and vehemence. Swift. 

PREA'CHERSHIP*, pre'-lshfir-ship. n. s. The of- 
fice of a preacher. Bp. Hall. 

PREA'CKING*, pre-tshlng. n.s. Publick discourse 
upon sacred subjects. Jonah, iii. 

PREA'CHMAN*, pretsh'-man. n.s. A preacher 
mentioned in contempt. Howell. 

PREACHMENT, pretsh'-ment. n. s. A sermon men- 
tioned in contempt ; a discourse affectedly solemn. 
Shakspeare. 

PREACQUAI'NTANCE*, pre-ak-kwant'-anse. 71. s. 
[prce and acquaintance.] State of being before ac- 
quainted with; previous knowledge. Harris. 

PREADMINISTRA'TION*, pre-ad-mm-fc-tra'- 

shfin. n. s. Previous administration. Pearson. 
To PREADMO'NISH* pre-ad-mon'-ish. * a. To 
caution or admonish beforehand. 

PREA'MBLE$, pre'-am-bl. 405. n.s. [preambule, 
Fr.] Something previous; introduction; preface. 
Hooker. 
To PREA'MBLE*, pre'-am-bl. t\ a. To preface ; to 
introduce. Feltharn. 

713 



PRE 












PRE 


[LT 559.- 


-Fate, far 


fall, 


fat;- 


— me, m6t;- 


— pine 


pin;— 



PREA'MBULARY* pre-am'-bu-ldr-e 
PREA'MBULOUS, pre-W-bu-l&s. > 

Previous. Pearson. 
ToPREA'MBULATES*, pre-am'-bu-lale. v. n. To 

walk before ; to go before. Jordan. 
PRE AMBULATION*, pre-am-bu-la'-shun. n. s. 

Preamble. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
PREA'MBULATORY*, pre-am'-bu-la-tfir-e. a. 

Going before; antecedent. Bp. Taylor. 
PREANTEPENULTIMATE f, pre-an-te-pe-nul'- 

te-mate. a. The fourth syllable from the last. 
PRE APPREHENSION , pre-ap-pre-heV-shun. n. s. 

An opinion formed before examination. Brown. 
PREASE, preez. n. s. Press; crowd. Chapman. 

Ob. J. 
PREA'SING, pre'-zlng. part. a. Crowding. Spenser. 
PREAUDIENCE*, pre-aw'-de-ense. n. s. The 
right or state of being heard before another. Black- 
stone. 
PRE'BEND §, preV-end. n. s. [praihenda, low Lat. ; 
prebende, Fr.] A stipend granted in cathedral 
churches. Swift. Sometimes, but improperly, a 
stipendiary of a cathedral ; a prebendary. Bacon. 
PREBENDAL*, pre-ben'-dal. a. Of or belonging to 

a prebend. Ld. Cluisterfield. 
PRE'BENDARY, preV-en-der-e. 512. n.s. [preben- 
darins, Lat.] A stipendiary of a cathedral. Spenser. 
PRE'BENDARYSIIIP*, preV-en-der-e-slnp. n. s. 

The office of a prebendary ; a canonry. Wotton. 
PRECARIOUS §, pre-ka/-r£-iis. a. [precarius, 
Lat.; precaire, Fr.] Dependent; uncertain, be- 
cause depending on the will of another ; held by 
courtesy. Dryden. 
PRECARIOUSLY, pre-ka'-re-us-le. ad. Uncertain- 
ly by dependence ; dependently. Leslie. 
PRECATJOUSNESS, pre-ka'-re-us-n^s. n. s. Un- 
certainty ; dependence on others. SJiarp. 
PRE'CATP/E^prek'-a-uV. a. [precalus, Lat.] Sup- 
pliant ; submissive. Harris. 
PRE'CATORY*, prek'-a-tur-e. a. Suppliant; be- 
seeching. Bp. Hopkins. 
PRECAUTION §, pre-kaw'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; from 
prcecautus, Lat.] Preservative caution ; preventive 
measures. Addison. 
To PRECAUTION, pre-kaw'-slnui. v. a. [precau- 

tioner, Fr.] To warn beforehand. Locke. 
PRECAU'TIONAL*, pre-kaw'-shun-al. a. Preser- 
vative ; preventive. W. Mountague. ' 
PRECEDA'NEOUS, prfis-e-da'-ne-us. a. [frompre- 
ceds.] Previous; preceding ; anteriour. Hammond. 
ToPRECF/DE^, pre-sede'. v. a. [prcecedo, Lat.; 
preceder, Fr.] To go before in order of time. Mil- 
ton. T" go before according to the adjustment of 
rank. 
PRECEDENCE, pre-se'-dense. ) n. s. [from prcece- 
PRECE'DENCY, pre-se'-den-se. S do, Lat.] The act 
or state of going before ; priority ; something going 
before; something past. Shak. Adjustment of 
place. Selden. The foremost place in ceremony. 
Milton. Superiority. Locke. 
PRECE'DENT, pre-se'-dSnt. a. [Fr.; prcecedens, 

Lat.] Former; going before. Shakspeare. 
PRECEDENT, preV-se dent, n. s. Any thing that 
is a rule or example to future times ; any thing 
done before of the same kind. Hooker. 
PRE'CEDENTED*, pres'-se-dent-eU a. Having a 

precedent ; justifiable bv an example. 
PRECF/DEftTLY, pre-se'-dent-le. ad. Beforehand. 
PRECE'LLENCE*, pre-seT-lense. )n. s. [precel- 
PRECELLENCY*. pre-selMen-se. S lence, old Fr. ; 
from prcecello, Lat.] Excellence. Sheldon. Ob. T. 
PRECE'NTOR, pre-sen'-tfir. 166. n. s. [prcecentor, 
Lat.; precenteur, Fr.] He that leads the choir; a 
chanter. Fotherby. 
PRECEPT §, pre'-sept. 532. n.s. [precepte, Fr. ; 
prceceptum, Lat.] A rule authoritatively given ; a 
mandate. Hooker. [In law language.] A warrant 
of a justice, or any magistrate. Shakspeare. 
ft5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, 
\V. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the e in the first 
syllable of this word long ; Dr. Kenrick, alone, makes it 
short. W. 



PRECETTIAL, pre-sep'-shal. a. Consisting of pre 

cepts. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
PRECE'PTION*, pre-seV-shun. n. s. [prceceptio 

Lat.] A precept. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 

PRECE'PTFVE, pre-sep'-tiv. 157. a. [preceptivus , 

Lat.] Containing precepts ; giving precepts. Gov 

of the Tongue. 

PRECE'PTOR, pre-sey-tur. ]66. n. s. [prceceptor. 

Lat. ; precepteur, Fr.] A teacher; a tutor. Locke. 

PRECEPTOR Y*, preV-ep-tur-e. a. Giving pre 

cepts. Anderson. 
PRECE'PTORY* preV-gp-rur-e. [See Recepto- 
ry.] n. s. A kind of subordinate religious house, 
where instruction was given. 
PRECESSION, pre-sMi'-fin. n.s. [prcecedo, prco 

cessus, Lat.] The act of going before. 
PRECFNCT, pre-slngkt'. n.s. [prctcinctus, Lat.] 

Outward limit ; boundary. Hooker. 
PRECIOSITY, pre-she-os'-e-te. 554. n.s. [prelio- 
sus, Lat.] Value ; preciousness. Any tiling of 
high price. Brown. Ob. J. 
PREVIOUS §, prSsh'-fis. 357. a. [precieux, Fr. ; 
pretiosus, Lat.] Valuable ; being of great worth 
Costly ; of great price : as, a precious stone. Mit 
ton. Worthless. An epithet of contempt or irony 
Locke. 
PREVIOUSLY, presh'-us-le. ad. Valuably ; to a 

great price. Dryden. Contemptibly : in irony. 
PRE'CIOUSNESS, preW-fis-nfo. it. s. Valuable 

ness ; worth ; price. Wilkins. 
PRE'CIPICES, preV-se-p?s. 142. n.s. [prcecipitium 
Lat. ; precipice, Fr.] A headlong steep ; a fall pei 
pendicular without gradual declivity. Shakspeare. 
PRECFPITANCE, pr*- s ?p'-pe-tanse. ) „ „ 
PRECIPITANCY, pre-s'ip'-pe-tan-se. \ 
Rash haste ; headlong hurry. Milton. 
PRECFPITANT, pre-sip'-pe-tant. a. [prcecipitans, 
Lat.] Falling or rushing headlong. MiUon. Has- 
ty ; urged with violent haste. Pope. Rashly hur- 
ried. King Charles. Unexpectedly brought on or 
hastened. Bp. Taylor. 
PRECFPITANTLY, pre-sV-pe-tant-le. od. In 

headlong haste ; in a tumultuous hurry. Milton. 
To PRECITITATE $, pre-slp'-pe-tate. v. a. [pre 
cipito, Lat.] To throw headlong. Bacon. To urge 
on violently. Dryden. To hasten unexpectedly 
Harvey. To hurry blindly or rashly. Bacon. To 
throw to the bottom : a term of thvmistry. Grew. 
To PRECITITATE, pre-sip'-pe-iate. v. n. To fall 
headlong. Shak. To fall to the bouom as a sedi 
ment in chymistry. Bacon. To hasten without just 
preparation. Bacon. 
PRECITITATE, prfe-sip'-p£-tat.91. a. Steeply fall 
ing. Raleigh. Steep. Ld. Brooke. Headlong ; 
hasty ; rashly hasty. Clarendon. Hasty ; V-oIent. 
Arbuthnot. 
PRECITITATE. pre-slp'-pe-tat. 91. n. s. A coiro 
sive medicine made by precipitating mercur;. 
Wiseman. 
PRECFP1TATELY, pre-sfp'-pe-tat-le. ad. Head- 
long; steeply down. Hastily; in blind hurry. 
Swift. , , , 

PRECIPITA'TION, pre-sip-pe-ta'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
"The act of throwing headlong. Shak. Violent mo- 
tion downward. Woodward. Tumultuous hurry ; 
blind haste. Woodward. [In chymistry.] Subsiden- 
cy ; contrary to sublimation. Bacon. 
PRECFPITATOR*,pre-sV-£-ta-tur- n.s. [precip- 
itator, Lat.] One that urges on violently. Ham- 
mond. 
PRECIPFTIOUS^prgs-e-plsh'-us. a. Steep; head- 
long. Sir T. Herbert. 
PRECIPFTIOUSLY* preVe-pfsh'-fis-ie. ad. In 

headlong haste. Decay of Christian Piety. 
PRECIPITOUS, pre-sip'-pe-t&s.a. f precipihs, Lat.] 
Headlong; steep. K. Charles. Hasty; sudden. 
Brown. Rash ; heady. Dryden-. 
PRECFPITOUSLY*, pre-sfp'-pe-t&s-Ie. ad. In a tu- 
multuous hurry : in violent haste. Translation of 
Boccalini. 
PRECFPITOUSNESS* pre-slp'-pe-tfls-nes. n. s. 
Rashness. Hammond. 

714 



PRE 



PRE 



116, move, n6r, n6t;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound;— thin, this. 



PRECISE ^pre-slse'. 427. «. [yw», Fr. } prcecisus, 
Lai.] Exact; strict; nice ; naving strict and de- 
terminate limitations. Hooker. Formal j finical. 
Addison. 

PRECISELY, pre-slse -le. ad. Exactly 3 nicely; ac- 
curately. Hooker. With superstitious formality ; 
with too much scrupulosity. 

55" Though we seldom hear "the adjective precise pro- 
nounced as if written prccizc, we very frequently hear 
t he adverb precisely pronounced as if written precizely : 
but it ought to be remembered, as an invariable rule, 
that adverbs preserve exactly the same accent and 
sound as the adjectives from which they are formed ; 
and, therefore, as the adjective is pronounced with the 
hissing or pure s, the adverb ought to have the same. 
W. 

PRECISENESS, pre-slse'-riSs. n. s. Exactness ; 
rigid nicety. Bacon. 

PRECISIAN, pre-slzh'-e-an. 83. ri. s. One who lim- 
its or restrains. Shakspeare. One who is supersti- 
tiously rigorous. Watts. 

PRECISIANISM* pre-sfzh'-e-an-izm. n. s. Super- 
stitious rigour ; finical exactness. Milton. 

PRECISION, pre-sizh'-un. n.s. [Fr.] Exact limita- 
tion. Locke. 

PRECI'SiVE, pre-sl'-sfv. 428. a. [precis, Lat.] 
Cutting off. Puller. Exactly limiting. Watts. 

To PRECLUDES, pre-klude'. v. a. [prcecludo, 
Lat.] To shut out or hinder by some anticipa- 
tion. Bentlet/. 

PRECLUSION*, pre-klu'-zhun. n.s. [proeclusio, 
Lat.J The act of precluding; hinderance by some 
anticipation. 

PRECLUSIVE* pre-kltV-siv. a. Hindering by 
some anticipation. Burke. 

PRECLUSIVELY* pre-klu'-s?v-le. ad. With hin- 
derance by some anticipation. 

PRECOCIOUS S, pre-k6'-shus. 357. a. [prcecox, 
proccocis, Lat. ; precose, Fr.] Ripe before the time. 
Brown. 

PRECOCIOUSNESS* pre-ko'-shus-ne's. n. s. 
Ripeness before the time. Mannyngham. 

PRECOCITY, pre-kos'-se-te. n. s. Ripeness before 
the time. Howell. 

To PRECOC1TATE, pre-kod'-je-tate. v. a. [pne- 
cogito, Lat.] To consider or scheme beforehand. 
Sherwood. 

PRECOGNITION, pre-kog-nfsh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; 
prcc and cognilio, Lat.] Previous knowledge ;■ ante- 
cedent examination. Fotherbu. 

To PRECOMPOSE* pre-k6m-poze'. v. a. [pros, 
and compose.'] To compose beforehand. Johnson. 

PRF CONCEPT, pre-kon-sete'. 530. n. s. [prcc, and 
conceit.] An opinion previously formed. Hooker. 

ToPRECONCEFVE, pre-k6n-sev^.'i>. a. [prce, and 
conceive.] To form an opinion beforehand ; to im- 
agine beforehand. Bacon. 

PRECONCEPTION, pre-kon-sep'-sbun. 531. n. s. 
Opinion previously formed. Hakewill. 

PRECONCERTED*, pre-kon-sert'-ed. part. a. 
Settled beforehand. Warton. 

PRECONIZA'TION* pre-kon-e-za'-shun. n. s. 
[prcpconium, Lat.] Proclamation. Bp. Hall. 

PRECONTRACT, pre-kon'-trakt. n.s. A contract 
previous to another. Shakspeare. 

To PRECONTRACT, pre-kon-lrakl'. v.a. To con- 
tract or bargain beforehand. Ayliffe. 

PRECURSE§, pre-kurse 7 . n.s. \prcccurro, Lat.] 
Forerunning. Shakspeare. 

PRECURSOR, pre-kur'-sur. 166. n.s. [prcecursor, 
Lat.] Forerunner; harbinger. Harvey. 

PRECURSORY* pre-kiV-sur-e. a. Introductory ; 
previous. Bacon. 

PRECURSORY*, pre-k&r'-sur-C. n.s. An introduc- 
tion. Hammond. 

PREDACEOUS, pre-da'-shfis. 357. a. [prceda, 
Lat.] Living by prey. Derham. 

PRE'DAL^pre'-dal. 88. a. [prceda,~Lal.] Robbing; 
practising plunder. S. Boyse. 

PRE'DATORY, prgd'-da-tur-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [prmdatorius, Lat.] Plundering; prac- 
tising rapine. Bacon. Hungry; preying; rapa- 
cious; ravenous. Bacon. 



To PREDECEASE*, pre-de-sese'. v. a. [prae, and 
decease. 1 To die before. Shakspeare. 

PREDECEASED, pre-de-seesf. 531, 359. a. Dead 
before. Shakspeare. 

PREDECESSOR, pred-e-seV-sur. n. s. [predeces- 
seur, Fr. ; pro: and decedo, Lat.] One that was in 
any state or place belbre another. Sidney. An 
cestor. 

PREDESTINARIAN, pre-des-te-na/-re-an. n. s 
One that holds the doctrine of predestination. De- 
cay of Chr. Piety. 

PREDESTINARIAN*, pre-deVte-na'-re-an. a. Ot 
or belonging U) predestination. Walton. 

To PREDESTINATE §, pre-deV-te-nale. v. a. 
[predestener , Fr. ; prce and destino, Lat.] To ap- 
point beforehand by irreversible decree. Rom. 

PREDESTINATE*, pre-deV-te-nate. part. a. Pre- 
destinated. Burnet. 

To PREDESTINATE, pre-des'-te-nate. v. n. To 
hold predestination. Dry den. 

PREDESTINATION, pre-des-te-na'-shfin. n. s 
Fatal decree ; preordination. Milton. 

PREDESTINATOR, pre-deV-te-na-tur. 166, 521. 
n.s. One that holds predestination or the preva- 
lence of pre-established necessity. Cowley. 

To PREDESTINE, pre-deV-tm. 140. v. a. [pre- 
destiner, Fr.] To decree beforehand. Milton. 

PREDETERMINATE*, pre-de-ter'-me-nate. a. 
Before determined. Bp. Richardson. 

PRED ETERMINA'TION, pre-de-ter-me-na'-shfin. 
n. s. [Fr. ; prcc, and determination.] Determination 
made beforehand. Hammond. 

To PREDETERMINE, pre-de-teV-min. 140. v. a. 
To doom or confine by previous decree. Hale. 

PRETRIAL, pre' -de-ill, or nre'-je-al. 293. a. [prce- 
dium, Lat.] Consisting off arms. Ayliffe. 

PREDICABIRITY*,pred-de-ka-bilQ-le. n.s. Ca- 
pacity of being attributed to a subject. Reid. 

PRE'DTCABLE.prSd'-de-ka-hl. a. [Fr.; predicaln- 
lis, Lat.] Such as may be affirmed of something. A. 
Baxter. 

PRE'DICABLE, preW-de-ka-bl. n. s. [prccdicabile, 
Lat.] A logical term, denoting one of the five 
things which can be affirmed of any thing. Watts. 

PREDICAMENT §, pre-dik'-ka-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; 
prcedicamentimi, Lat.] A class or arrangement of 
beings or substances ranked according to their na- 
tures : called also categorema, or category. Digby. 
Class or kind described by any definitive marks. 
Shakspeare. 

PREDICAME NTAL, pre-d?k-a-meV-tal. a. Relat, 
ing to predicaments. J. Hall. 

PREDICANT, precF-de-kant. n. s. [prcedicans, 
Lat.] One that affirms any thing. Hooker. 

To PRE'DICATE $, pred'-de-kate. v. a. [prcsdico, 
Lat.] To affirm any thing of another thing. Locke 

To PRE'DICATE, pred'-de-kate. v.n. To affirm ; 
to comprise an affirmation. Hale. 

PREDICATE, pred'-de-kat. 91. n.s. [prccdicatum, 
Lat.] That which is affirmed or denied of the sub- 
ject : as, Man is rational ; man is not immortal. 
Watts. 

PREDICATION, pred-e-ka'-shun. n.s. [praedi- 
ratio, Lat.] Affirmation concerning any thing; dec- 
laration of any position. Locke. 

PRE'DICATORY* prSd'-de-ka-tur-e. a. Affirma- 
tive ; positive ; decisive. Bp. Hall. 

To PREDICTS, pre-rtfkt'. v.a. [prcedict?,s,LcH.] 
To foretell ; to foreshow. Gov. oftlie Tongue. 

PREDICTION, pre-dlk'-shun. n. s. [prcedictio, 
Lat.] Prophecy ; declaration of something future. 
Bacon. 

PREDICTIVE*, pre-duV-flv. a. Prophetick; fqre- 
telling. More. 

PREDICTOR, pre-dlk'-tur. n. s. Foreteller. Swift 

PREDIGESTION, pre-de-jeV-tshun. n.s. Diges- 
tion too soon performed. Bacon. 

PREDILECTION*, pre-de-lek'-shun. n.s. A Jiking 
beforehand. Warton. 

To PREDISPOSES, pre-dfs-pize'. v. a. To adapt 
previously to any certain purpose. Bui-net. 



PRE 












PR£ 


KF 559.- 


-Fate, 


far 


fall 


iatj- 


— me, mel ; 


—pine, pin ; — 



PREDISPOSITION, pre-d?s-p6-zish'-fin. n.s. Pre- 
vious adaptation to any certain purpose. Bacon. 

PREDOMINANCE, pk-dom'-me-nanse. ; 

PREDOMINANCY, pre-d6m / -me-nan-se. \ 

[prce and dominor, Lat.] Prevalence ; superiority ; 
ascendency; superiour influence. 

PREDOMINANT, pre-d6m'-me-nant. a. [Fr. ; prce 
and dominor, Lat.] Prevalent 5 supreme in influ- 
ence; ascendant. Hooker. 

PREDOMINANTLY*, pre-d6m'-me-nant-le. ad. 
With superiour influence. Brown. 

To PREDOMINATE §, pre-dom'-me-nate. 91. v. n. 
[predominer, Fr. ; prce and dominor, Lat.] To 
prevail ; to he ascendant ; to be supreme in influ- 
ence. Daniel. 

To PREDOMINATE*, pre-d&m'-me-nate. v. a. 
To rule over. Dairies. 

PREDOMINATION*, pre-dom-me-na'-shun. n.s. 
Superiour influence. Browne. 

To PREELE'CT, pre-e-likt'. v. a. To choose by 
previous decision. 

PREELECTION*, pre-e-lek'-shun. n.s. Choice or 
election made by previous decision. Dean Pri- 
deaux. 

PREEMINENCE §, pre-em'-me-nense. n.s. [pre- 
eminence, Fr.] Superiority of excellence. Dryden. 
Precedence; priority of place. Sidney. Superiori- 
ty of power or influence. Hooker. 

PREEMINENT, pre-em'-me-nent. a. [preeminent, 
Fr.] Excellent above others. Milton. 

PREEMINENTLY*, pre-em'-me-nent-le. ad. In a 
manner excellent above others. Pennant. 

PREEMPTION, pre-em'-shun. 412. n. s. [prceemp- 
tio, Lat.] The right of purchasing before another. 
Carew. 

To PREEN, preen, v. a. See To Prune. To trim 
the feathers of birds, to enable them to glide through 
the air. Bailey. 

PREEN*, preen', n. s. [ppeon, Sax.] A forked in- 
strument used by clothiers in dressing cloth. 

To PREENGA'GE §, pre-en-gadje'. u a. [prce, and 
engage.] To engage by precedent ties or contracts. 
Dryden. 

PREENGA'GEMENT, pre-en-gadje'-ment. n. s. 
Precedent obligation. Boyle. 

ToPREESTA'BLISH§, pre-e-stab'-lish. v. a. To 
settle beforehand. Cox^entry. 

FREEST A'BLISHMENT, pre-e-stabMlsh-ment. 
n.s. Settlement beforehand. 

PREEXAMINA'TION*, pre-egz-am-e-na'-sh&n. 

n. s. Previous examination. Wotton. 
ToPREEXFST§, pre-egz-ist'. v.n. [ prce and ex- 
isto. Lat.] To exist beforehand. Dryden. 

PREEXFSTENCE, pre-egz-is'-tense. ?i.s. Exis- 
tence before. Burnet. Existence of the soul before 
its union with the body. Addison. 

PREEXFSTENT, pre-egz-fo'-lenl. a. Existent be- 
forehand ; preceding in existence. Burnet. 

PREEXISTIM A'TION*, pre-egz-ls-te-ma'-shun . 

n. s. Esteem beforehand. Brown. 
PREFACE $, prgf'-fas. 91, 532. n. s. [Fr. ; prcefa- 
tio, Lat.] Something spoken introductory to the ] 
main design ; introduction ; something proemial. 
Peacham. 
§Cr Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and Entick, pronounce 
the first e in this word short. TV. 

To PREFACE, pref'-fas. 91. v.n. To say something 

introductory. Spectator. 
To PRE'FACE, pref-fas. v. a. To introduce by 
something proemial. Fell. To face ; to cover : a 

ludicrous sense. Cleaveland. 
FREFACER, pref'-fa-sur. 93. n. s. The writer of 

a preface. Dryden. 
PRE'FATORY, pref-ia-tur-e. 512. a. Introductory, i 

Dryden. 
PREFECT, pre'-fekt. n. s. [prcefectus, Lat.] Gov- J 

ernour ; commander. B. Jonson. A superintendent. 

Hammond. A tutelary power. B. Jonson. 
PREFECTURE, pref-fek-ture. [pref-fek-rire, 

Jones, Fulton and Knight] n. s. [prefecture, Fr.; 

prcefectura, hat.] Command; office of government. 



§£r Though I have agreed with all our orthoepists in 
making the first syllable of prefect long, I cannot fol- 
low them so implicitly in the accent and quantity of 
this word. All but Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, and 
Mr. Perry, place the accent on the second syllable : and 
the two first of these writers make the first syllable 
long, as in prefect. Mr. Perry, alone, has, in my opin- 
ion, given this word its true pronunciation, by placing 
the accent on the first syllable, and making that sylla 
ble short. This is agree'able to that general tendency 
of our language to an antepenultimate accentuation, 
and a short quantity on every vowel but u. — See Prin- 
ciples, No. 533,535. W. 

To PREFE'R§, pre-fer'. v. a. [preferer, Fr.; prce- 
fero, Lat.] To regard more than another. Rom. 
xii. To advance; to exalt; to raise. To present 
ceremoniously. Pope. To offer solemnly ; to pro- 
pose publickly ; to exhibit. Daniel. 

PREFERABLE, pref-fer-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Eligible 
before something else. Locke. 

PREFERABLENESS, pref -fer-a-bl-nes. n.s. The 
state of being preferable. W. Mountague. 

PREFERABLY, pref -fer-a-ble. ad. In preference ; 
in such a manner as to prefer one thing to another. 
Dennis. 

PREFERENCE, pref-fer-ense. n.s. [Fr.] The act 
of preferring; estimation of one thing above anoth- 
er; election of one rather than another. Sprat. 

PREFERMENT, pre-fer'-ment. n.s. Advancement 
to a higher station. SIutkspea?-e. A place of honour 
or profit. Davenant. Preference; act of preferring. 
Brown. 

PREFEFRER, pre-fer'-rfir. 98. n.s. One who pre- 
fers. Bishop Bancroft. , 

To PREFFGURATE $, pre-fig'-yu-rate. v. a. [prce 
and fguro, Lat.] To show by an antecedent rep- 
resentation. 

PREFIGURA'TION, pre-f ig-yu-ra'-sh&n. n. s. An- 
tecedent representation. Burnet. 

PREFIGURATIVE*, pre-ffg'-yu-ra-rfv. a. Ex- 
hibiting by antecedent representation. Barrow. 

To PREFFGURE, pre-flg'-yure. v. a. To exhibit 
by antecedent representation. Hooker. 

7VPREFFNE§, pre-fW. v. a. [prefiner, Fr.; prce 
finio, Lat.] To limit beforehand. Knolles. 

PREFINFTION*, pref-e-nish / -un. n.s. [prcefinUio, 
LatJ Previous limitation. Fotherby. 

To PREFFX §, pre-fiks'. v. a. [ prce figo, hat.] To 
appoint beforehand. Shakspeare. To settle ; to 
establish. Hale. To put before another thing : as, 
He prefixed an advertisement to his book. 

PREFFX, pre'-flks. 492. n*. [prcefxum, Lat.] Some 
particle put before a word, to vary its signification. 
Brown. 

PREFFXION, pre-flk'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of 
prefixing. Diet. 

To PREFORM, preform', v. a. To form before 
hand. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

PREFUFGENCY*, pre-f&l'-jen-se. n.s. [prcefid- 
gens, Lat.] Superiour brightness. Barrow. 

PRE'GNABLE*, preg'-na-bl. a. [prenable, Fr.] 
Expugnable ; that may be forced, or won by force ; 
that may be overcome. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 

PRE'GNANCE*, preg'-nanse. n. s. State of being 
impregnated. Young. Inventive power. Milton. 

PRE'GNANCY, preg'-nan-se. n.s. The state of be- 
ing with young. Ray. Fertility; fruitfulness ; in- 
ventive power ; acuteness. Fell. 

PRE'GNANT §, preg'-nant. a. [Fr ; prcegnans, Lai.] 
Teeming ; breeding. Milton. Fruitful ; fertile ; 
impregnating. Milton. Full of consequence. King 
Charles. Evident; plain; clear; full. Shakspeare. 
Easy to produce or to admit any thing. Shakspeare. 
Free; kind. Shak. Ready; dexterous; witty; 
apt. Sliakspeare. 

PRE'GNANTLY, preg'-nant-le. ad. Fruitfully ; ful- 
ly ; plainly; clearly. Shakspeare. 
To PRE'GRAVATE*, preg'-ra-vate. v. a. [prce- 
gravo, Lat.] To bear down ; to depress. Bp. Hall. 
PREGUSTA'TION, pre-gus-ta'-shfin. n. s. [prce 
and gusto, Lat.] The act of tasting before another 
To PREINSTRU CT*, pre-ln-strflkt'. v. a. To in- 
struct previously. More. 

716 



PRE 



PRE 



-116, mdve, ndr, n6t ;— tihbe, tub, bfill 5 — oil ;— pflftnd 3— tlrin, THis. 



To PREJU'DGE $, pre-iftdje'. v. a. [prefer, Er. ; 
and jrWico, Lat.] To determine any question 
beforehand ; generally to condemn beforehand. 
Milton. 
PREJU'DGEMENT* pre-jodje'-ment. n.s. Judge- 
ment without examination, lip. of Killaloe, ( Knox.) 
PREJU DICACY*, pre-ju'-de-kas-e. H. s. Prepos- 
session : prejudice. Blount.. 
To PREJU'DICATE, pre-jfr-de-kale. v. a. [prce 
and judico, Lat.] To determine beforehand to dis- 
advantage. Sandys. 
To PREJU'DICATE*, pre-ju-de-kate. v.n. To 

form a judgement without examination. Sidney. 

PREJU DICATE, pre-jiV-de-kat. 91. a. Formed by 

prejudice ; formed before examination. Bacon. 

Prejudiced; prepossessed bv opinions. Bp. Hall. 

PREJUpiCA'TION.pre-ju-de-ka'-shnn. n.s. The 

act of judging without examination. Slienvood. 
PREJUDICATIVE*. pre-ju'-de-ka-tfv. a. Form- 
ing an opinion or decision without examination. 
More. 
PREJUDICE §, prfd'-ji-dk 142. v. s. [Fr. j preju- 
dicium. Lat.] Prepossession; judgement formed 
beforehand without examination. Clarendon. Mis- 
chief; detriment ; hurt ; injury. Bacon. 
To PREJUDICE, pred'-ju-dis^ v. a. To prepossess 
with unexamined opinions ; to fill with prejudices. 
Prior. To obstruct or injure by prejudices pre- 
viously raised. Hooker. To injure; to hurt ; to 
diminish ; to impair ; to be detrimental to. Hooker. 
PREJUDICIAL, pred-ju-dLsh'-al. a. [prejndiciable, 
Fr.] Obstructed by means of opposite preposses- 
sions. Holydaij. Contrary; opposite. Hooker. 
Mischievous ; hurtful ; injurious 5 detrimental. 
Clarendon. 
PREJUDICIALNESS, pr£d-ju-dlsh / -al-nes. n. s. 
The state of being prejudicial; mischievousness. 
PRE'LACY, prel'-la-se. n s. The dignity or post of 
a prelate or ecclesiastuk of the highest order. 
Ayliffe. Episcopacy; the order of bishops. Dry den. 
Bishops : collectively. Hooker. 
PRE'LATE §, prel'-iat. 91 532. n.s. [prelect, Fr.; 
prarlatits, Lat.] An eccleaastick of the highest or- 
der and dignity. Hooker. 
§£p Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, 
Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and En- 
tick, pronounce the c in the first syllable of this word 
short. W. 
PRE'LATESHIP, preT-lat-shlp. n.s. Office of a 

prelate. Harmar. 
PRELA'TICAL, pre-lat'-te-kal. ) a. Relating to pre- 
PRELA'TICK*, pre-lat'-lk. \ lates or prelacy. 

Bp. Morton. 
PRE LA'TIC ALLY*, pre-laf-te-kal-le. ad. With 

reference to prelates. Bp. Morton. 
PRELA'TION, pre-liV-shun. n.s. [prcelatus, Lat.] 
Preference ; setting of one above the other. More. 
PREMATURE, prel'-la-ture. ) m , 

PRE'LATURESHIP, prel'-la-ture-sWp. \ n ' 6 ; 
[prematura, Lat. ; preUtture, Fr.] The stale or digni- 
ty of a prelate. Diet. 
PRE'LATY*, preF-a-te. n. s. Episcopacy. Milton. 
To PRELECT §*, pre-lgkt'. v.n. [prazkctiis,pra>le- 
go, Lat.] To discourse ; to read a lecture. Bishop 
Horsley. 
PRELECTION, pre-lek'-shfin. n. s. [prcelectio, 

Lat.] Reading ; lecture ; discourse. Hale. 
PRELECTOR*, pre-lek'-tfir. n. s. [projector, Lat.] 

A reader ; a lecturer. Sheldon. 
PRE LIB A'T ION, pre-ll-ba'-shfin. 530. n.s. [prazli- 
bo, Lat.] Taste beforehand ; effusion previous to 
tasting. More. 
PRELFMINARY 7 pre-lim'-e-na-re. a. [preliminaire, 
Fr. ; prcc limine, Lat.] Previous; introductory; 
proemial. Drx\den. 
PRELIMINARY, pre-llm'-e-na-re. n. s. Something 

previous ; preparatory act. Notes on Iliad. 
PRE'LUDE v, prel'-ude. 532. n. s. [ prelude, Fr. prm- 
htdium, Lat.] Some short flight of musick played 
before a full concert. Young. Something introduc- 
tory ; something that only snows what is to follow. 
Dry den. 



*$. 



Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenricfe, 

J. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and Entick, pronounce 

the e in tho first syllable of this word short. W. 

To PRELU'DF^pre-lude'. 492. v.n. [prelnder, Fr.; 

pncludo, Lat.] To serve as an introduction ; to be 

previous to. Drydcn. 

To PRELUDE*, pre-lude'. v. a. To play before. 

Mason. 
PRE'LUDER*, prel'-u-dur. n.s. One who plays an 
extemporary introduction to a regular piece of mu- 
sick. Mason. 
PRELU'DIOUS, pre-lu'-je-us. 293. a. Previous ; in- 
troductory. Cleat-eland. 
PRELUDIUM, pre-hV-de-um. n.s. [Lat.] Pre- 
lude. Bp. Taylor. 
PRELU SIVE, pre-kV-sIv. 158, 428. a. Previous; 

introductory; proemial. Thomson. 
PRELU'SORY*, pre-hV-sur-e. a. Inu-oductory ; 

previous. Bacon. 
PREM ATU'RE §, pre-ma-ture'. 531. a.[pra~mat.urus, 
Lat.] Ripe too soon ; formed before the time ; too 
early ; loo soon said, believed, or done ; too hasty. 
Hammond. 
PREMATURELY, pre-ma-uW-le. ad. Too early ; 

too soon ; with too hasty ripeness. 
PREMATU'RENESS, pre-ma-uW-nes. > m ■, 
PREMATURITY, pre-ma-trY-re-te. \ 

[prematwite, Fr.] Too great haste ; unseasonable 
earliness. Warton. 
To PREME'D1TATE§, pre-med'-e-tate.ti.a. [prce- 
meditor, Lat.] To contrive or form beforehand ; to 
conceive beforehand. Shakspeare. 
To PREMEDITATE, pre-med'-e-tate. v.n. To 
have formed in the mind by previous meditation ; 
to think beforehand. Hooker. 
PREMEDITATE*, pre-med'-e-tate. a. Contrived 

beforehand ; prepense. Burnet. 
PREME DITATELY* pre-med'-e-tate-le. ad. 

With premeditation. Fehham. 
PREMEDITATION, pre-med-e-ta'-shun. n. s. 
[praimeditatio, Lat.] Act of meditating before- 
hand. Shakspeare. 
To PREME'RIT, pre-mer'-rft. v. a. [premereor, 

LatJ To deserve before. King Clutrles. 
PREPUCES, prem'-is-sfz. n. s. [primitioe, Lat.; 

premices, Fr.] First fruits. Dryden. 
PRE'MIER, preme'-yer. 113. a, [Fr.] First; chief. 

Camden. 
PRE'MIER*, preme'-yer. n. s. A principal minister 

of state; the prime minister. Hi/drop. 
To PREMPSE §, pre-mW. v. a. [prevmisws, Lat ] 
To explain previously ; to lay down premises. 
Burnet. To send before the time. Shakspeare. 
To PREMPSE*, pre-mlze'. v. n. To make antece- 
dent propositions. Swift. 
PRE'MISES, piem'-is-siz. 99. n.s. [prcemissa, Lat.; 
premisses, Fr.] Propositions antecedently supposed 
or proved. Hooker. [In law language.] Houses or 
lands. Blackstone. 
PRE'MISS, pr&m'-is. n. s. [prcemissum. Lat.] Ante- 
cedent proposition. Walls. 
PRE'MIUM, pre'-me-um. n. s. [prccmium, Lat.] 
Something given to invite a loan or a bargain. 
Addison. 
To PREMO'NISH§, pre-mon'-rish. v. a. To warr. 

or admonish beforehand. Bale. 
PREMO'NISHMENT, pre-mon'-nish-ment. n. s 

Previous information. Wotton 
PREMONPTION, pre-m6-nlsh-un. n. s. Previous 

notice ; previous intelligence. Chapman. 
PREMO'NITORY, pre-m6n'-ne-t5r-e. 512. [See 
Domestick.] a. [prce and moneo, Lat.] Previ- 
ously advising. 
PREMO'NSTRANTS^pre-mtV-strants. n.s. [Praz- 
monstratenses, Lat.] Monks cf Premonire, in the 
Isle of France, commonly called White Canons 
who first came into England in the twelfth century 



PREMO'NSTRATES, pre-mon'-strate. v. a 
prce and monstro, Lat.] To show beforehand. 
Sir J. Harington. 
PREMONSTRA'TION*, pre-mSn-str^-shuu. n. s. 
Act of showing beforehand. Shelf ord. 
717 



PRE 
















PRE 


[LT559.- 


-Fate, 


fir, 


m\ 


fat;- 


-me, 


mh' } - 


— pine 


pin;— 



PREMUNtRE^m'-mh-rA-rk.n. s. [Lat.] A writ 

in the common law, whereby a penalty is incurrable, 

as infringing some statute. Bramhall. The penalty 

so incurred. South. A difficulty ; a distress. 

PREMUNI'TION, pre-mu-nfsh'-an. n. s. [prcemu- 

nio, Lat.] An anticipation of objection. 
To PRENO'MINATE$, pre-nom'-me-nate. v. a. 

[prcenomino, Lat.1 To forename. Shakspeare. 
PRENO'MIN A TE* pre-n6m'-me-nate . part .a. Fore- 
named. Shakspeare. 
PRENOMINA'TION, pre-nom-me-na'-shun. n. s. 

The privilege of being named first. Brown. 
PRENO'TION, pre-n6'-shun. n. s. [ prenotion, Fr. ; 
prat and nosco, Lat.] Foreknowledge ; prescience. 
Brown. 
PRENSA'TION*, prgn-sa'-shun. n. s. [prensaius, 
from pre/iso, Lat.] The act of seizing with vio- 
lence. Barrow. 
PRENTICE §, preV-tk 142. n. s. [contracted from 
apprentice.'] One bound to a master, in order to in- 
struction in a trade. Shakspeare. 
PRENTICESHIP^reV-uVship. n.s. The servitude 

of an apprentice. Pope. 
PRENUNCIATION, pre-nun-she-a'-shun. [See 
Pronunciation.] n.s. [prcenuncio, Lat.] The 
act of telling before. Did. 
PREO'CCUPANCY, pre-6k'-ku-pan-se. n.s. The 

act of taking possession before another. 
ToPREO'CCUPATES, pre-ok'-ku-pale. v. a. [pre- 
occuper, Fr. ; prceoccupo, Lat.] To anticipate. Ba- 
con. To prepossess ; to fill with prejudices. Wotton. 
PREOCCUPATION, pre-o-k-ku-pa'-shun. n.s. An- 
ticipation. Proceed, against Garnet. Preposses- 
sion. Bamngton. Anticipation of objection. South. 
To PREO'CCUPY, pre-6k'-ku-pl. v. a. To take 
previous possession of. Mede. To prepossess ; to 
occupy by anticipation or prejudices. Arbuthnot. 
To PREC^MINATE, pre-om'-me-nate. v. a. [prce 
and ominor, Lat.] 1o prognosticate 5 to gather 
from omens any future event. Brown. 
PREOPINION, pre-6-pW-yun. 113. n. s. [prce and 
opinio, Lat.1 Opinion antecedently formed ; pre- 
possession. Brown. 
PRLOTTION*, pre-op'-shun. n.s. [prce, and option.] 

The right of first choice. Stackhouse. 
To PREORDAIN §, pre-dr-d&ne'. v. a. [prce, and 

ordain.] To ordain beforehand. Hammond. 
PREO'RDINANCE, pre-6V-de-nanse. n.s. [prce, 
and ordinance.] Antecedent decree 5 first decree. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
PREORDINATE*, pre-dr'-de-natc. part. a. Preor- 
dained. Sir T. Ehfot. 
PREORDINATION, pre-or-de-na'-shfin. n. s. The 

act of preordaining. Fotherhy. 
PRETARATE*, prep'-cr-ate. part, [preparalns, 
Lat.] Prepared. Old Morality of every Man. Ob. T. 
PREPARATION, prep-Sr-a'-slifip. 530. n. s. [pre- 
paratio, Lat.] The act of preparing or previously 
fitting any thing to any purpose. Wake. Previous 
measures. Burnet. Ceremonious introduction. 
Sliak. The act of making or fitting by a regular 
process. Arbuthnot. Any thing made by process 
of operation. Brown. Accomplishment 5 qualifica- 
tion. Shakspeare. 
PREPARATIVE, pre-par'-ra-tlv. a. [preparatif, 
Fr.l Having the power of preparing, qualifying^ 
or fitting. South. 
PREPA'RATIVE, pre-par'-ra-t?v. n.s. [preparatif, 
Fr.] That which has the power of preparing or 
previously fitting. Hooker. That which js done in 
order to something else. King Cliarles. 
PREPARATIVEJ.Y, pre-par'-ra-tlv-le. ad. Previ- 
ously; by way of preparation. Hale. 
PREPARATORY, pre-par'-ra-tur-e. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [ preparatoire, Fr.] Antecedently neces- 
sary Tillotson. Introductory ; previous ; antece- 
dent Hale. 
To PREPARE §, prepare', v. a. [prceparo, Lat.] 
To fit for any thing ; to adjust to any use ; to make 
ready for any purpose, tiammond. To qualify for 
any purpose. Addison,. To make ready before- 
hand. Psalm cviii. To form 5 to make. Psalm 



xxiv. To make by regular process : as, He pre- 
pared a medicine. 

To PREPARE, pre-pare'. v.n. To take previous 
measures. Peacham. To make every thing ready ; 
to put things in order. 1 Pet. iii. To make one's 
self ready; to put himself in a slate of expectation. 

PREPA'RE, pre-pare'. n, s. Preparation ; previous 
measures. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

PREPA'REDLY^re-pa'-red-le. 364. ad. By proper 
precedent measures. Shakspeare. 

PREPAREDNESS, pre-pa'-rgd-nes. n. s. State or 
act of being prepared. SoufJi. 

PREPARER, pre-pa'-rur. 98. n. s. One that pre- 
pares; one that previously fits. Wotton. That 
which fits for any thing. Mortimer. 

To PREPENSE^*, pre-p£nse'. v. a. [prce and pen 
do, Lat.] To weigh or consider beforehand. Sir 
T. Elyot. 

To PREPENSE*, pre-pense'. v. n. To deliberate 
beforehand. Spenser. 

PREPENSE*, pre-p§nse'. a. Forethought ; precon- 
ceived ; contrived beforehand : as, malice prepense. 

PREPO'LLENCE* pre-p&l'-lense. >n.s. [prccpol- 

PREPO'LLENCY*, pre-p&l'-lSn-se. \ lens, Lat | 
Prevalence. Coventry. 

To PREPONDER, pre-pon'-der. v. a. To outweigh 
Wotton. Ob. J. 

PREPONDERANCE, pre-pon'-der-anse. ) n \ 

PREPONDERANCY, pre-p6n'-dgr-an-se. \ 
The state of outweighing ; superiority of weight 

PREPONDERANT*, pre-pon'-deV-ant. part. a. 

[prceponderans, Lat.] Outweighing. Reid. 
To PREPONDERATES, pre-p&n'-der-ale. v. a. 
[prcepondero, Lat.1 To outweigh; to overpower 
by weight. Gianviue. To overpower by stronger 
influence. 
To PREPONDERATE, pre-p&n'-der-ate. y. n. To 
exceed in weight. Wikins. To exceed in influ- 
ence or power analogous to weight. Locke. 
PREPONDERA'TION, pre-p&n-der-a'-shun. n. s. 
The act or state of outweighing any thing. Watts. 
To PREPO ; SE§, pre-poze'. v. a. [preposer, Fr. ; 

prccpono, Lat.] To put before. Diet. 
PREPOSFTIOfyprep-po-zlsh'-un. n. s. [Fr.; prce- 
positio, Lat.J [In grammar.] A particle governing 
a case. Clarke. 
PREPO'SITOR, pre-poz'-zll-ur. n. s. [prcepositor , 
Lat.] A scholar appointed by the master to over- 
look the rest. 
PREPO'SITURE* pre-p&z'-e-tshure. n.s. [prcepos- 

itnra, Lat.] A provostship. Lowth. 
To PREPOSSE'SS §, pre-poz-zeV. 531. v. a. [prce, 
and possess] To preoccupy ; to take previous pos- 
session of. Beaumont. To fill with an opinion un- 
examined ; to prejudice. Wiseman. 
PREPOSSESSION, pre-p&z-zesh'-an. n. s. Preoc- 
cupation ; first possession. Hammond. Prejudice; 
preconceived opinion. Soicth. 
PREPOSSE'SSOR*, pre-poz-zes'-sfir. n. s. One 

that possesses before another. Brady. 
PREPO'STEROUSS, pre-p6s'-teT-us. a. [prccpos- 
terus, Lat.] Having that first which ought to be 
last. Woodward. Wrong; absurd; perverted. 
Bacon. Applied to persons : foolish ; absurd. Shak. 
PREPO'STEROUSLY, pre-p6s'-;eY-us-le. ad. In a 

wrong situation ; absurdly. Shakspeare. 
PREPO'STEROUSNESS, pre-pos'-ler-us-nSs. n.s. 

Absurdity ; wrong order or method. Feltham. 
PRE POTENCY, pre-pc-'-ten-se. [pre-poMen-se 7 
Jones, Fulton and Knight ; '• pre'-po-teVse, Per- 
ry.] n.s. [prcepotentia, Lat.] Superiour power ; 
predominance. 
PRE'POTENT* pre-po'-t&nt, or pre y -p6-tent. a. 

Mighty ; very powerful. Plaifere. 
PRE'PUCE, pre'-puse. n. s. [prepuce, Fr. ; prcepu- 
Hum, Lat.] That which covers the glans ; foreskin. 
Wiseman. 
To PREREQUFRE, pre-re-kwlre'. v. a. To demand 

previously. Hammond. 
PREREQUISITE, pre-reV-kwiz-ft. a. Previously 
necessary. Brown. 

718 



PRE 



PRE 



— n6, move, ndr, not;— tube, tub, b6ll j— 611 5— p&ftnd j— tfnn, THis. 



PREREQUISITE*, pre-reV-kwfz-ft. n. s. Some- 
thing previously necessary. Dryden. 

Tq PRERESO'LVE* pre-re-z&lv'. v. a. To re- 
solve previously. Sir L. Dcriii°: 

PREROGATIVES pre-r6g / -ga-t!v. n.s. [-preroga- 
tive, Fr. 5 prarrogativa, low Lat.] An exclusive or 
peculiar privilege. Bacon. 

PRERO'GATIV^D^re-iV-ga-uVd. 359. a. Hav- 
ing an exclusive privilege; having prerogative. 
Shakspeare. 

PRES. Pres,prest, seem to be derived from the 
Saxon ppeor-t;, a priest; it being usual in after 
times to drop the letter in like cases. Gibson. 

PRESAGES, preV-sadje. 492,532. n.s. [presage, 
Fr. ; prcesaoium, Lat.] Prognostick ; presension of 
futurity. Milton. 

95= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and 
Entick, pronounce the e in the first syllable of this 
word short ; and Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston make it 
long. W. 

To PRESA'GE, pre-sadje'. v. a. [presager, Fr. ; 
prcesagio, Lat.] To forebode ; to foreknow ; to 
foretell ; to prophesy. Shakspeare. To foretoken 5 
to foreshow. Milton. 

PRESA'GEFUL*, pre-sadje'-ffil. a. Foreboding; 
full of presage. Thomson. 

PRESA'GEMENT, pre-sadje'-ment. n. s. Forebode- 
ment; presension. Wotton. Foretoken. Brown. 

PRESA'GER*, pre-sa'-jfir. n. s. Foreteller ; fore- 
shower. Shakspeare. 

PRESBYTER §, preV-be-tgr. n.s. [presbyter,^.; 
7ro£!r,5ur£j50f, Gr.] A priest. Hooker. A Presbyte- 
rian. Butler. 

PRESBYTE'RIAL, preVbe-te'-re-al. ? 

PRESBYTE'RIAN, prgz-be-te'-re-an. $ °" 

[npco-fivTEoos .] Consisting of elders ; a term for a 
modern form of ecclesiastical government. Holy- 
day. 

PRESBYTE'RIAN^rgz-be-te'-re-an.n.s. An abet- 
tor of Presbytery or Calvinistical discipline. Swift. 

PRESBYTERIANISM*, prfe-be-te'-re-an-lzm. 
n. s. The principles and discipline of Presbyteri- 
ans. Addison. 

PRESBYTERY, prez'-be-tgr-e. n. s. Body of elders, 
whether priests or laymen. Bacon. 

PRESCIENCE, pre'-she-ense. 532. n.s. [prescience, 
Fr.] Foreknowledge ; knowledge of future things. 
Raleigh. 

PRESCIENT^ pre'-she-ent. 357. a. [prcesciens, 
Lat.] Foreknowing ; prophetick. Bacon. 

PRESCIOUS, pre'-she-fis. a. [prcescius, Lat.] Hav- 
ing foreknowledge. Bp. Hall. 

To PRESCFND$, pre-slnd'. v. a. [prcescindo, Lat.] 
To cut off; to abstract. Pearson. 

PRESCFNDENT, pre-smd'-ent. a. Abstracting. 
Cheyne. 

To PRESCRFBE, pre-skrlbe'. v. a. [prccscribo, 
Lat.] To set down authoritatively ; to order ; to 
direct. Hooker. To direct medically. Dryden. 

To PRESCRFBE §, pre-skrlbe'. v. n. To influence 
by long custom. Brown. To influence arbitrarily; 
to give law. Locke, [prescrire, Fr.] To form a 
custom which has the force of law. Arbnthnot. 
To write medical directions and forms of medicine. 
Pope. 

PRESCRI'BER*, pre-skrl'-bur. n. s. One who gives 
anv rules or directions. Fotlierby. 

PRESCRIPT, pre'-skrlpt. a. [prcescriptus, Lat.] 
Directed; accurately laid down in a precept. 
Hooker: 

PRESCRIPT, pre'-skrlpt. n.s. [prozscriptum, Lat.] 
Direction ; precept ; model prescribed. Spenser. 
Medical order. Fell. 

PRESCRIPTION, pre-skrfp'-sh&n. n. s. [prcescrip- 
tio, Lat.] Rules produced and authorized by long 
custom ; custom continued till it has the force of 
law. Bacon. Medical receipt. Temple. Appoint- 
ment. Bale. 

PRESCRFPTrVE* pre-skrip'-tfv. a. [prcescriptus, 
Lat] Pleading the continuance and authority of 
custom. Hurd. 



Lat.] 

being at hand. 



PRESEANCE, pre-se'-anse. n. s. [preseance, Fr.] 
Priority of place in sitting. Carew. Ob. J. 

PRESENCE, preV-z&ise. n. s. [Fr. ; prcssentia, 
Lat.] State of being present ; contrary to absence. 
Shak. Approach face to face to a great person- 
age. Sidney. State of being in the view of a su- 
periour. Milton. A number assembled before a 
great person. Sliak. Port; air; mien; demean- 
our. Bacon. Room in which a prince shows him- 
self to his court. Spenser. Readiness at need; 
quickness at expedients. Waller. The person of a 
superiour. Milton. 

PRESENCE-CHAMBER, preV-zens-tsham-b5r. ) 

PRESENCE-ROOM, prez'-z6ns-r6om. $ 

n. s. The room in which a great person receives 
company. Locke. 

PRESENTATION*, pre-sSn-sa'-shfin. n. s. [prce, 
and sensation.\ Previous notion or idea. More. 

PRESE'NSION, pre-sftn'-shun. n. s. [prccsensio, 
Lat.] Perception beforehand. Brown, 

PRESENTS, preV-zent. a. [Fr. ; pr : 
Not absent ; being face to face ; bei _ 
Hale. Not past; not future. Milton. Ready at 
hand ; quick in emergencies. Bacon. Favourably 
attentive ; not neglectful ; propitious. B. Jonson. 
Unforgotten ; not neglectful. Watts. Not abstract- 
ed; not absent of mind ; attentive. Being now h» 
view ; being now under consideration. Law. 
The PRESENT, n. s. An elliptical expression foi 
the present time ; the time now existing. Milton. 

At PRESENT, n. s. [a present., Fr.] At the presen* 
time ; now. Addison. 

PRESENT, preV-zgnt. n. s. A gift ; a donative 
something ceremoniously given. Milton. A letter 
or mandate exhibited per presentes. Shakspeare. 

To PRESE'NT, pre-zent'. 492. v. a. [ prccsento, low 
Lat. ; presenter, Fr.] To place in the presence of a 
superiour. Milton. To exhibit to view or notice. 
Shak. To offer ; to exhibit. Milton. To give for- 
mally and ceremoniously. Prior. To put into the 
hands of another in ceremony. Pope. To favour 
with gifts. South. To prefer to ecclesiastical ben- 
efices. Atlerbury. To offer openly. Hayward. 
To introduce by something exhibited to the view 
or notice. Spenser. To lay before a court of judi 
cature, as an object of inquiry. Swift. To point a 
missile weapon before it is discharged. 

PRESE'NTABLE, pre-zent'-a-bl. a. What may be 
presented. Ayliffe. What may be exhibited or 
represented. Burke. 

PRESENTA'NEOUS, prgz-zgn-ta'-ne-os. a. [prce- 
sentaneus, Lat.] Ready ; quick ; immediate. Har- 
vey. 

PRESENTATION, prez-zen-ta'-shfin. n. s. The 
act of presenting. Hooker. The act of offeringany 
one to an ecclesiastical benefice. Hale. Exhibi- 
tion. Dryden. 

PRESE'NTATIVE, pre-zeV-ta-tlv. a. Such as that 
presentations may be made of it. Spelman. 

PRESENTE'E, preVzgn-tee'. n. s. ^ [presente, Fr.] 
One presented to a benefice. Ayliffe. 

PRESENTER, pre-zen'-tur. 98. n.s. One that pre- 
sents. Bp. Taylor. 

PRESE'NTIAL, pre-zeV-shal. a. Supposing actual 
presence. Noi-ris. 

PRESENTLVL1TY, pre-z§n-she-al'-e-te. n. s. State 
of being present. South. 

PRESE NTIALLY*, pre-zeV-shal-le. ad. In a way 
which supposes actual presence. More. 

To PRESE'NTIATE, pre-zeV-she-ate. v. a. To 
make present. Grew. 

PRESENTFFICK, prgz-zeVtff-ffk. a. [pro-sens 
and fario, Lat.] Making present. More. Ob. J. 

PRESENTFFICKLY, prgz-zMf-f Ik-le. 509. ad. 
In such a manner as to make present. More. 

PRESENTLY, prez'-zgnt-le. ad. At present ; at 
this time ; now. Sidney. Immediately ; soon af- 
ter. South. 

PRESE'NTIMENT* pre-seV-te-ment. n. s. [pres- 
sentiment, Fr.] Notion previously formed ; previous 
idea. Butler. 

PRESE'NTION*. See Presension. 
719 



PRE 



PRE 



£? 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, mk 5— pine, pin ;— 



PRESENTMENT, pre-zent'-ment. n. s. The act 
of presenting. Sliak. Any thing presented or ex- 
hibited 5 representation. Milton. [In law.] Pre- 
sentment is a mere denunciation of the jurors them- 
selves, or some other officer, as justice, constable, 
searcher, surveyor, and, without any information, 
of an offence inquirable in the court to which it is 
presented. Coivel. 
PRE'SENTNESS, preV-zent-nes. n. s. Presence of 

mind 5 quickness at emergencies. Clarendon. 
PRESERVABLE* pre-zerv'-a-bl. a. Fit to be pre- 
served. 
PRESERVATION, prez-zer-va'-shun. n. s. The 

act of preserving; care to preserve. Locke. 
PRESERVATIVE, pre-zer'-va-tlv. n. s. [preserva- 
tif, Fr.] That which has the power of preserving ; 
something preventive. Hooker. 
PRESERVATIVE, pre-zer'-va-tfv. a. Having the 

power of preserving. 
PRESERVATORY*, pre-zeV-ya-tur-e. n.s. That 

which has the power of preserving. Whitlock. 
PRESE'RVATORY*, pre-zer'-va-tur-e. a. That 

may tend to preserve. Bp. Hall. 
To PRESERVE §, pre-zerv'. v. a. [praeservo, low 
Lat.] To save ; to defend from destruction or any 
evil; to keep. 2 Tim. iv. To season fruits and 
other vegetables with sugar and in other proper 
pickles : as, to preserve plums, walnuts, and cu- 
cumbers. 
PRESERVE, pre-z£rv'. n. s. Fruit preserved whole 

in sugar. Brown. 
PRESERVER, pre-z§rv'-ur. n. s. One who pre- 
serves ; one who keeps from ruin or mischief. Locke. 
One who makes preserves of fruit. 
To PRESI'DE, pre-slde'. 447. v. n. [praesidio, Lat. 3 
preside/; Fr.] To be set over; to have authority 
over. Dryden. 
PRE'SIDENCY, prez'-ze-den-se. n. s. [president, 

Fr.] Superintendence. Ray. 
PRESIDENT §, prez'-ze-dent. n. s. [prcesidens, 
Lat.] One placed with authority over others ; one 
at the head of others. Watts. Governour; prefect. 
Brerewood. A tutelary power. Waller. A guide 3 
any thing that is a rule or example to govern fu- 
ture eases of the same kind; a precedent, as the 
expression has been in modern times. Bacon. 
PRESIDENTIAL*, prez-e-den'-shal. a. Presiding 

over. Glanvilh. 
PRESIDENTSHIP, prSz'-ze-dSnt-shlp. n. s. The 

office and place of president. Hooker. 
PRESI DIAL, pre-sld'-je-al. 293. a. [presidial, Fr.; 
presidium, Lat.] Relating to a garrison ; having a 
garrison. Howell. 
PRESI'DIARY*, pre-sid'-je-a-re. a. Of or belong- 
ing- to a garrison ; having a garrison. Sheldon. 
PRESIGNIFICA'TION*, pre-s?g-ne-fe-ka'-shun. 
n. s. [prcesignificatio, Lat.] Act of signifying or 
showing beforehand. Barrow. 
To PRESI'GNIFY*, pre-slg'-ne-fl. v. a. To mark 

out or show beforehand. Pearson. 
To PRESS §, prh. v. a. [presser, Fr. ; premo, pres- 
sus, Lat.] To squeeze; to crush. Gen. xl. To dis- 
tress ; to crush with calamities. Slutk. To con- 
strain; to compel ; to urge by necessity. Hooker. 
To impose by constraint. Dryden. To drive by 
violence. Shak. To affect strongly. Acts, xviii. 
To enforce ; to inculcate with argument or impor- 
tunity. Addison. To urge; to bear strongly on. 
Boyle. To compress; to hug, as in embracing. 
Milton. To act upon with weight. Dryden. To 
make earnest. Bacon. To force into military ser- 
vice : this is properly impress. Raleigh. 
To PRESS, pr£s. v. n. To act with compulsive vio- 
lence ; to urge ; to distress. Tilhtson. To go for- 
ward with violence to any object. Phil. iii. To 
make invasion ; to encroach. Pope. To crowd ; 
to throng. St. Mark, iii. To come unseasonably 
or importunately. Dryden. To urge with vehe- 
mence and importunity. Gen. xix. To act upon 
or influence. Addison. — To press upon. To invade 
topush against. Pope. 
PRESS, pres. n. s. [pressoir, Fr.] The instrument 



by which any thing is crushed or squeezed ; a wine 
press; a cider press. Joel, iii. The instrument by 
which books are printed. Sliak. Crowd ; tumult , 
throng. Hooker. Violent tendency. Shak. A kind 
of wooden case or frame for clothes and other uses. 
Shak. A commission to force men into military 
service ; for impress. Raleigh. 

PRESSBED, proV-bed. n.s. Bed so formed, as to 
be shut up in a case. Boswell. 

PRE'SSER, preV-sur. 98. n. s. One that presses or 
works at a press. Swift. 

PRE'SSGANG, preV-gang. n.s. [press and gang.] 
A crew that strolls about the streets to force men 
into naval service. 

PRE'SSINGLY, preV-sfng-le. ad. With force; 
closely. Howell. 

PRE'SSION, pr&sh'-un. n. s. The act of pressing. 
Newton. 

PRE'SSITANT, pres'-se-tant. a. Gravitating ; hea- 
vy. More. 

PRE'SSLY*, preV-le. ad. [presst, Lat.] Closely. 
More. 

PRE SSMAN, prey-man. 88. n. s. One who forces 
another into service ; one who forces away. Chap- 
man. One who makes the impression of print by 
the press ; distinct from the compositor, who ranges 
the types. Lord Chesterfeld. 

PRE'SSMONEY, pres'-mfin-e. n. s. Money given to 
a soldier when he is taken or forced into the ser- 
vice. Gay. 

PRESSURE, presh'-shure. 450. n. s. The act of 
pressing or crushing. The state of being pressed 
or crushed. Force acting against any thing; grav- 
itation; weight acting or resisting. Bacon. Vio 
lence inflicted ; oppression. Bacon. Affliction •, 
grievance ; distress. K. Charles. Impression ; 
stamp ; character made by impression. Shakspeare. 

PREST, prest. a. [prest or pret, Fr.] Ready ; not di- 
latory. Favfax. Neat ; tight. Tnsser. Ob. J. 

PREST. prest. n.s. [prest, Fr.] A loan. Bacon. 

PRE'STER*, prgst'-fir. n. s. [^arty.] A kind of 
exhalation, thrown from the clouds downwards 
with such force as to be set on fire by the collision. 

PRE'STIGES^, preV-te-jez. n.s. []irestiges,Fr.; 
prcestigice, Lat.] Illusions ; impostures ; juggling 
tricks. Warburton. 

PRESTIGIA'TION^res-tld-je-a'-sh&n. n.s. [prce- 
stigiator, Lat.] A deceiving; a juggling ; a playing 
legerdemain. 

PRESTI'GIATOR*, preVtld'-je-a-tur. n.s. A jug- 
gler ; a cheat. More. 

PRESTI'GIATORY*, prfis-tld'-je-a-t&r-e. a. Jug- 
gling; consisting of illusions. 

PRESTIGIOUS*, pres-tld'-je-fis. a. Juggling ; 
practising tricks; imposing upon. Bale. 

PRESTO, pres'-to. ad. [Ital. ; Lat.] Quick ; at once. 
Swift. Gayly; with quickness : a musical term. 

PRESTRFCTlON*, pre-slrlk'-shfin. n. s. [prce- 
strictus, Lat.] Dimness. Milton. 

PRESUMABLE*, pre-ziV-ma-bl. a. That may be 
believed previously without examination, or affirm- 
ed without immediate proof. 

PRESUMABLY, pre-zu'-ma-ble. ad. Without ex- 
amination. Broivn. 

To PRESUME §, pre-zume'. 454. v. n. [presumer, 
Fr. ; prcesumo, Lat.] To suppose ; to believe pre- 
viously without examination. Milton. To suppose ; 
to affirm without immediate proof. Broivn. To 
venture without positive leave. Bacon. To form 
confident or arrogant opinions. Locke. To make 
confident or arrogant attempts. Hooker. 

PRESUMER, pre-ziV-m&r. 98. n.s. One that pre- 
supposes ; an arrogant person ; a presumptuous per- 
son. Wotton. 

PRESU'MPTION, pre-zum'-shun. 512. n.s. [prce- 
sumptus. Lat. ; presomplion, Fr.l Supposition pre- 
viously formed. Rogers. Confidence grounded on 
any thing presupposed. Clarendon. An argument 
strong, but not demonstrative ; a strong probability. 
Hooker. Arrogance ; confidence blind and adven- 
turous; presumptuousness. Shak. Unreasonable 
confidence of divine favour. Rogers. 
720 



PRE 



PRE 



— neb, mflve, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— fill ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



PRESUMPTIVE, pre-zum'-tiv. a. [presomptif, Fr.] 
Taken by previous supposition. Locke. Supposed : 
as, the presumptive heir : opposed to the heir appa- 
rent. Blackstone. Confident ; arrogant ; presumptu- 
ous. Broun. 

PRESU'MPTIVELY*, pre-ziW-lfv-le. ad. By pre- 
vious supposition. Burke. 

PRESUMPTUOUS, pre-zftm'-tshu-us. a. [pre- 
sompteuje. Fr.] Arrogant ; confident ; insolent. Ba- 
con. Irreverent with respect to holy things. Per- 
kins. 

$^T We frequently hear this word pronounced in three 
syllables, by corrupting and contracting the two last 
syllables into skus, as if written prczumshus i but cor- 
rect speakers carefully preserve these syllables distinct, 
and pronounce them like the verb to chew, and the pro- 
noun us. — See Unctuous. TV. 

PRESUMPTUOUSLY, pre-zum'-tshu-us-le. ad. 
Arrogantly ; confidently. Irreverently. Addison. 
With vain and groundless confidence in divine fa- 
vour. Hammond. 
PRESU'MPTUOUSNESS, pre-zfinv'-tshu-us-nes. 
n. s. Quality of being presumptuous ; confidence ; 
irreverence. Conybeare. 

PRESUPPO'SAL. pre-sfip-pi'-zal. 531. n. s. Suppo- 

sal previously formed. Hooker. 
To PRESUPPOSE §, pre-sup-pize'. v. a. [presup- 
poser, Fr. ; prce, and suppose.] To suppose as pre- 
vious; to imply as antecedent. Hooker. 

PRESUPPOSITION, pre-sup-pi-zlsh'-un. n. s. 
Supposition previously formed. Sherwood. 

PRESURMFSE, pre-sur-ralze'. n. s. [proband sur- 
mise.] Surmise previously formed. Slwkspeare. 

PRETE'NCE, pre-tense'. n. s. [prmtensus, Lat.] A 
false argument grounded upon fictitious postulates. 
Tillotson. The act of showing or alleging what is 
not real ; show ; appearance. Spenser. Assump- 
tion ; claim to notice. Evelyn. Claim, true or false. 
Milton. Something threatened, or held out to ter- 
rify. Shakspeare. 

To PRETE'ND §, pre-tend'. v. a. [prcetendo, Lat.] 
To hold out ; to stretch forward. Dryden. To sim- 
ulate ; to make false appearances or representa- 
tions; to allege falsely. Milton. To show hypo- 
critically. Decay of Christian Piety. To hold out 
as a delusive appearance. Milton. To claim. Dry- 
den. To design ; to intend. Spenser. 

To PRETE'ND, pre-tend'. p, n. To put in a claim 
truly or falsely. Dryden. To presume on ability 
to do any thing ; to profess presumptuously. Brown. 

PRETE'NDEDLY*, pre-tend'-ed-le. ad* By false 
appearance or representation. Hammond. 

PRETE'NDER, pre-lend'-fir. 98. n. s. One who 
lays claim to any thing. Dryden. In English his- 
tory, the name given to the person who was ex- 
cluded by the law from the crown of England. 
Burnet. 

PRETENDINGLY, pre-tend'-lng-le. ad. Arro- 
gantly ; presumptuously. Collier. 

PRETE'NSED^pre-tenst'. part. a. [praetensus, Lat.] 
Pretended ; feigned. Pretensed right is a term of 
law. Stapleton. 

PRETE'NSION, pre-ten'-shun. n.s. [pretensio, Lat.] 
Claim, true or false. Denham. Fictitious appear- 
ance. Bacon. 

PRETE'NTATIVE*, pre-teV-ta-tlv. a. [prce, and 
tentative.] That may be previously tried. Wotton. 

PRETER, pre'-tur. [prceter, Lat.] A particle 
which, prefixed to words of Latin original, signifies 



PRETERLEGAL, pre-tur-le'-gal. a. Not agreeable 

to law. K. Charles. 
PRETERMPSSION, pre-ter-nnsh'-un. n.s. [Fr.; 

prictermissio,La.L] The act of omitting. Donne. 
To PRETERMIT $,' pr£-tSr-mft\ v. a. [praztermit- 
to, Lat.] To pass by; to neglect. Bacon. 

PRETERNATURAL $, pre-ter-nat'-lshu-ral. a. 
[prceter, and natural.] Different from what is nat- 
ural ; irregular. South. 

PRETERNATURA'LITY* pre-lur-nat-tshu-ral'- 
e-te. n.s. Preternaturalncss. Smith. Oh. T. 

PRETERN A'TUR A LLY, prc-ter-nat'-tshi-ral-e. 
ad. In a manner different from the common order 
of nature. Bacon. 

PRETERNATURALNESS, pre-ter-nat'-tshu-ral- 
n&s. n. s. Manner different from the order of na- 
ture. 

PRETERPE'RFECT^re-ter-peV-f&tt. a. [preteri- 
tum perfeclum, Lat.] A grammatical term applied 
to the tense which denotes time absolutely past 
Addison. 

PRETERPLUPE'RFECT, pre-ter-plu'-per-fekt. a. 
[ preteritum plusquam perfectum, Lat.] The gram- 
matical epithet for the tense denoting time relative- 
ly past, or past before some other past time. 

Z T o FRETE'X $*, pre-teks'.i-.a. [pretexo, hat.] Tc 
cloak ; to conceal. Edwards. 

PRETE'XT, pre-i&cst'. n.s. [prcetextum, Lat.] Pre- 
tence; false appearance; false allegation. Shak. 

PRETE'XTA f pre-lfiks'-ta. n. s. The robe that was 
worn by the youths of old Rome under seventeen 
years of age. 

PRETOR, pre' -tor. 166. n. s. [prcetor, Lat.] The 
I Roman judge. Shakspeare. 

PRETORIA^*, pre-t6'-re-al. a. Judicial; pro- 
nounced by the pretor. Burke. 

PRETO'RIAN, pre-uV-re-an. a. [pretorianus, Lat.] 
Judicial; exercised by the pretor. Bacon. 

PRETORSHIP*, pre'-tar-shfp. n. s. The ofiice of 
pretor. Dr. Wartdn!. 

PRETTILY, prft'-te-le. ad. [from pretty.] Neatly , 
elegantly; pleasingly ; without dignity or elevation 
Bacon. 

PRETTINESS, prit'-te-nes. n.s. Beauty without 
dignity ; neat elegance without elevation. More. 

PRETTY}, prlt'-le. 101. a. [prsefc, Sax.; prctto 
ltal; prat, prattigh, Dutch.] Neat; elegant; pleas- 
ing without surprise or elevation. Raleigh. Beau- 
tiful without grandeur or dignity. Shak. Foppish , 
affected : applied in contempt to men. Toiler. It 
is used in a kind of diminutive contempt in poetry, 
and in conversation : as, A pretty fellow indeed. 
Dryden. Not very small : a vulgar use. Abbot. 

PRETTY, prit'-te. ad. In some degree this Word is 
used before adverbs or adjectives to intend their 
signification : it is less than very : as, "pretty well 
stocked with people." Burnet. 

To PRETYPIFY*, pre-tlp'-e-fi. v. a. [prce, and 

^JypifyJ To prefigure. Pearson. 



PRETERIMPE'RFECT, pre-ter-hn-pey-fekt. a. 

[In grammar.] Denotes the tense not perfectly 

past. 
PRETERIT §, pre'-ter-it. a. [preterit, Fr.; praeteri- 

tus, LatJ Past. 
PRETE'RITNESS, pre'-ter-ft-nes. n. s. State of 

being past ; not presence ; not futurity. Bentley. 
PRETERITION, pre-ter-rish'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] The 

act of going past; the state of being past. Bp. Hall. 
PRETERLA PSED, pre-ter-lapst'. a. [preterkpsus, 

Lat.] Past and gone. Glanville. 
91 



To' PREVAIL §, pre- vale', v.n. [prevaloir, Fr. ; 
prazvalere, Lat.] To be in force ; to have effect ; to 
have power; to have influence. Locke. To over- 
come; to gain the superiorit}-. Shak. To gain in- 
fluence; to operate effectually. Wilkins. To per- 
suade or induce. Hooker. 

PREVAILING, pre-va'-llng. a. Predominant; 
having most influence. Locke. 

PREVA'ILMENT, pre-vale'-ment. n. s. Preva- 
lence. Shakspeare. 

PREVALENCE, preV-va-lense. ) n.s. [prevalence, 

PRE'VALENCY,prev'-va-len-se. \ Fr.; prcsvalen- 
tia, low Lat.J Superiority; influence; predomi- 
nance ; efficacy ; force ; validity. Clarendon. 

PREVALENT, preV-va-l&at. a. [prcevalens, Lat.] 
Victorious; gaining superiority; predominant. Ra- 
leigh. Powerful; efficacious. Milton. Predomi- 
nant. Woodward. 

PREVALENTLY, prev'-va-lent-le. ad. Powerful 
ly ; forcibly. Prior. 

To PREVARICATE §*, pre-var'-re-kate. v. a. 
[prccmricor, Lat.] To pervert; to turn from th« 
right ; to corrupt ; to evade by some quibble. Spejisti , 
721 



PRI 



PRI 



(ET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pine, pin : 



To PREVA'RICATE, pre-var'-re-kate. v. n. To 

cavil 5 to quibble; to shuffle. South. 
PREVARICATION, pre-var-re-ka'-sh&n. «. s. 

[praevaricatio, Lat.] Shuffle; cavil. Addison. 
PREVA'RICATOR, pre-var'-re-ka-tfir. 521. n. s. 
[prcecaricator, Lat.] A caviller ; a shuffler. B. 
Jonson. A sort of occasional orator : an academi- 
cal phrase at Cambridge. Bp. Wren. 
To PREVENE. pre-vene'. v. a. [prccvenio, Lat.] 

To hinder. Phillips. 
PREVENIENT, pre-ve/-ne-e ! nt. a. [pi-ceveniens, 
Lat.] Preceding ; going before ; preventive. Mil- 
ton. 
To PREVENT §, pre-r^nt 7 . v. a. [prazvenio, Lat.] 
To go before as a guide 5 to go before, making the 
way easy. Common Prayer. To go before ; to be 
before. Psalm cxix. To anticipate. Pope. To 
preoccupy ; to preengage ; to attempt first. King 
Charles. To hinder ; to obviate ; to obstruct : this 
is now almost the only sense. Mikon. 
To PREVE'NT, pre-v^nt'. v. n. To come before the 

time. Bacon. 
PREVENTABLE*, pre-vgnt'-a-bi. a. Capable of 

being' prevented. Bp. Reynolds. 
PREVE'NTER, ore-vent' -fir. n. s. One that goes be- 
fore. Bacon. One that hinders; a hinderer; an 
obstructer. 
PREVENTION, pre-ven'-shfin. n. s. [prevention, 
Fr., from prceverdum, Lat.] The act of going before. 
Bacon. Preoccupation ; anticiprtion. Hammond. 
Hinderance; obstruction. Milton. Prejudice; pre- 
possession. Dry den. 
PREVENTINGLY*, pre-vent'-ing-le. ad. In a way 

so as to stop, or obviate. Dr. Walker. 
PREVENTIONAL, pre-veV-shfin-al. a. Tending 

tc (prevention. Diet. 

PREVENTIVE, pre-ventMv. 157. a. Tending to 

hinder. Bacon. Preservative ; hindering ill. Brown. 

PREVENTIVE, pre-vent'-iv. n. s. A preservative ; 

that which prevents ; an antidote previously taken 

ArhutJinot. 

PREVENTIVELY, pre-vent'-lv-le. ad. In such a 

manner as tends to prevention. Brown. 
PREVIOUS §, pre'-ve-fis. 314. a. [jirarvius, Lat.] 

Antecedent ; going before ; prior. Burnet. 
PREVIOUSLY, pre'-ve-fis-te. ad. Beforehand ; an- 
tecedently. Prior. 
PRE'VIOUSNESS, pre'-ve-fis-nes. n. s. Antece- 
dence. 
PREVISION*, pre-vlzh'-fin. n. s. [prceinsus, Lat.] 

A seeing beforehand ; foresight. Pearson. 
To PREVVA^N*, pre-warn'. v. a. [ pro:, and warn.] 

To give previous notice of ill. Beaum. and Fl. 
PREY§, pra. 269. n. s. [prceda, Lat.] Something to 
be devoured; something to be seized; ravin; 
plunder. Clarendon. Ravage ; depredation. Shak. 
Animal of prey, is an animal that lives on other an- 
imals. L'Estrange. 
To PREY, pra. v. n. [prcedor. Lat.] To feed by 
violence. Shak. To plunder ; to rob. Shak. To 
corrode ; to waste. Addison. 
PRE'YER, pra'-fir. 98. n.s. Robber ; devourer ; 

plunderer. 
PRPAPISM, prl'-d-plzm. n. s. [priapismus, Lat.] 

A preternatural tension. Bacon. 
PRICE §. prise. 467. n. s. [prix, Fr. ; preis, Germ. ; 
pra, Goth.] Equivalent paid for any thing. 2 Sam. 
xxiv. Value ; estimation ; supposed excellence. 
Hooker. Rate at which any thing is sold. Locke. 
Reward ; thing purchased by merit. Pope. 
To PRICE, prise, v. a. To pay fcr. Spenser. To 

value ; to estimate. Sandys. 
PRICELESS*, prise' -les. a. Invaluable ; without 

price. Sliakspeare. 
To PRICKS, prik. v. a. [ppiccian, Sax.] To pierce 
with a small puncture. Ezek. xxviii. To form or 
erect with an acuminated point. Bacon. To fix by 
the point. Newton. To hang on a point. Sandys. 
To nominate by a puncture or mark. Bacon. To 
gpur; to goad; to impel; to incite. Sliak. To 
pain; to pierce with remorse. Acts, ii. To make 
fteid. Hudibras. To mark a tune. Hartlib. 



To PRICK, prlk. v. n. [prijken, Dutch.] To cress 
one's self for show. To come upon the spur. Spen- 
ser. To aim at a point, mark, or place. Sir J. 
Hawkins. 
PRICK, prlk. n.s. [ppicca, ppice, Sax.] A sharp, 
slender instrument ; any thing by which a punc- 
ture is made. Acts, ix A thorn in the mind ; a 
teasing and tormeniing thought ; remorse of con- 
science. Shak. A spot or mark at which archers 
aim. Carew. A point; a fixed place. Spenser. 
A puncture. Brown. The print of a hare in the 
ground. 
PRl'CKER, prlk'-kfir. 98. n.s. A sharp-pointed in- 
strument. Moxon. A light-horseman. Hayward. 
PRFCKETjprik'-klt. 99. n.s. A buck in his second 

year. Sitakspeare. ' 
PRFCKING*, prlk'-ing. 74. s. Sensation of being 

pricked. Sliakspeare. 
PRFCKLE, prlk'-kl. 405. n.s. [ppiccle, Sax.] Smah, 
sharp point, like that of a brier. Bacon. A basket 
made of briers. B. Jonson. 
PRFCKLEBACK*, prlk -kl-bak. n.s. A small fish, 
so named from the prickles on its sides and back. 
PRI'CKLINESS, prikMe-nes. n.s. Fulness of sharp 

points. 
PRI'CKLOUSE, prlkMouse. n.s. A word of con 

tempt for a tailor. L'Estrange. 
PRFCKLY, prlk'-le. a. Full of sharp points. Ba- 
con. 
PRFCKMADAM, prlk'-mad-um. n. s. A species 

of houseleek. 
PRI'CKPUNCH, prlk'-pfinsh. n. s. A piece of tem- 
pered steel, with a round point at one end, to prick 
a round mark in cold iron. Moxon. 
PRFCKSOING, prlk'-song. n. s. Song set to musick ; 
variegated musick, in contradistinction to plain- 
sons;- Bale. 
PRFCKWOOD, prlk'-wfid. n.s. A tree. Ainsworih. 
PRIDE§, pride, n.s. [ppit, or pjiybe, Sax.] Inor- 
dinate and unreasonable self-esteem. Shak. Inso- 
lence ; rude treatment of others 5 insolent exulta- 
tion. Shak. Dignity of manner; loftiness of air. 
Generous elation of heart. Smith. Elevation; 
dignity. Shak. Ornament; show; decoration. 
Spenser. Splendour ; ostentation. Dryden. The 
state of a female beast soliciting the male. Shak. 
To PRIDE, pride, v. a. To make proud; to rate 

himself high. Gov. of the Tongue. 
PRFDEFUL*, pride'-ful. a. Insolent ; full of scorn. 

W. Richardson. Ob. T. 
PRFDELESS*, prlde'-lfts. a. Without pride. Cliau- 

cer. Ob. T. 
PRFDINGLY*, prl'-ding-le. ad. In pride of heart. 

Barrow. 
PRIE, prl. n. s. Probably an old name of privet. 

Tusser. 
PRIEF, preef. n. s. Proof. Spenser. Ob. J. 
PRI ER, prl'-fir. 416. n. s. One who inquires too 

narrowly. 
PRIEST §, preest. 275. n.s. [ppeoffc, Sax.] One 
who officiates in sacred offices. Lev. xxi. One of 
the second order in the hierarchy, above a deacon, 
below a bishop. Leslie. 
PRIE'STCRAFT, preest'-kraft. n. s. [priest and 
craft.] Religious frauds; management of wicked 
priests to gain power. Spectator. 
PRIE'STESS, preest'-tfis. n. s. A woman who of 

ficiated in heathen rites. Addison. 
PRIE'STHOOD, preest'-hud. n. s. [ppeoythab, 
Sax.] The office and character of a priest. Whit- 
gift. The order of men set apart for holy offices. 
Dryden. The second order of the hierarchy. 
PRIE STLIKE*, preest'-llke. a. Resembling a 

priest, or what belongs to a priest. Sluikspeare. 
PRIE'STLINESS, preest'-le-nes. n.s. The ap- 
pearance or manner of a priest. 
PRIE'STLY, preest'-!i. a. Becoming a priest ; sa- 
cerdotal ; belonging to a priest. South. 
PRIE'STRIDDEN, preest'-rld-d'n. 103. a. [priest 
and ridden.] Managed or governed by priests. 
Swift. ; *l 

To PRIEVE, preev. v. a. To prove. Chaucer. Ob. J. 
722 



PRI 



PRT 



— n6, mdve, nftr. not;— tube, tub, bull;— oil 5— poAnd;— thin, this. 



To PRIG §*, prig. u. «. [^rac/j^wt, Dulch.] To steal ; 

to filch. Barret. 
PRIG, prig. n. *. [A cant word.] A thief. Shale. 

A pert, conceited, saucy, pragmatical, little fellow. 

Toiler. 
PRILL, prll. re. s % A birt or lurbot. Ainsworlh. 
§Cr Commonly pronounced brill. W. 
PRIM v, prim. a. Formal; precise; affectedly nice. 

Swift. 
To PRIM, pr?m. v.a. To deck up precisely; to form 

to an affected nicety. 
PRFMACY, prl'-ma-se. re. s. [primaute, Fr. ; pri- 

matus, Lat.] Excellency ; supremacy. Barrow. 

The chief ecclesiastical station. Clarendon. 

Q5° M f - Elphinston is the only orthoepist who gives 
the short sound to t in this word. Perhaps no one un- 
derstands the analogies of our language better ; but in 
this and several other words he overturns the very 
foundation of language, which is — general custom. I 
am well acquainted with the shortening power of the 
antepenultimate accent, 535 : and, if custom were wa- 
vering, this ought to decide ; but in this word, and pri- 
mary, custom is uniform, and precludes all appeal to 
analogy. TV. 

PRFMAGE, prV-mldje. re. s. The freight of a ship. 

Ainsworth. 
PRI'MAL, prl'-mal. a. [primus, Lat.] First. Shak. 
PRIMARILY, prl'-ma-re-le. ad. Originally ; in the 

first intention ; in the first place. Brown. 
PRI'MARINESS, prl'-ma-re-nes. re. s. The state of 

being first in act or intention, Norris. 
PRFMARY §, prl'-ma-re. [See Primacy.] a. [pri- 
marius, Lat.]* First in intention. Hammond. Ori- 
ginal ; first. Raleigh. First in dignity ; chief; prin- 
cipal. Bentley. 
PRFMATE§, prl'-mat. 91. n. s. [primat, Fr ; pri- 

mus, Lat.] The chief ecclesiastick. Hoh/day. 
PRI'MATESHIP, prl'-mat-shfp. n. s. The dignity 

or office of a primate. 
PRIMA'TICAL*, prl-mat'-e-kal. a. Belonging to 

the chief ecclesiastick, or primate. Barrow. 
PRIMES, prime, n.s. [primus, Lat. ; p;pim, Sax.] 
The first part of the day ; the dawn ; the morning. 
Spenser. The beginning; the early days. Hooker. 
The best part. Swift. The spring of life ; the 
height of health, strength, or beauty. Spenser. 
Spring. Waller. The height of perfection. Wood- 
ward. The first canonical hour. Crashaw. The 
first part ; the beginning. Upton. 
PRIME, prime, a. Early; blooming Milton. Prin- 
cipal; first-rate. Clarendon. First ; original. Sliak. 
Excellent. Shak. [prim, Fr.] Forward. Shak. 
To PRIME, prime, v.a. To put in the first powder; 
to put powder in the pan of a gun. Boyle, [pri- 
mar, Fr.] To lay the ground on a canvass to be 
painted. 
To PRIME*, prime, v. n. To serve for the charge 

of a gun. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
PRFMELY, prlme'-le. ad. Originally; primarily; 
in the first place ; in the first intention. South. Ex- 
cellently; supremely well. 
PRI'MENESS, prlme'-nes. n.s. The state of being 

first. Excellence. 
PRI'MER, prlm'-mur. a. [primarius, Lat.] First; 

original. Mountagu. Ob. J. 
PRI'MER, prlm'-mur. 98. n. s. An office of the bless- 
ed "Virgin. Stilling Jleet. [primarius, Lat.] A small 
prayer book, in winch children are taught to read, 
so named from the Romish book of devotions : 
an elementary book. Locke. A kind of letter in 
printing. 
PRIME 1 RO, prl-me'-ro. 133. n. s. [primera, Span.] 

A game at cards. Shakspeare. 
PRIMEVAL, prl-me'-val. 133. ) a [primccvus, 
PRIME'VOUS, prl-me'-vus. \ Lat.] Original; 

such as was at first. Blackmore. 
PRIMIGENIAL*, prl-me-je'-ne-al. )a. [primi- 
PRIMIGE'NIOUS*, prl-me-je'-ne-us. \ genius, 
Lat.] First-born ; original ; primary. Bp. Hall. 
PRIMFPILAR* pri-mip'-e-lar. a. [primipilaris, 
Lat.] Of, or belonging to, the captain of the van- 
guard. Barrow. 



PRIMI'TIAL, prl-mish'-al. 133. a. [primitice, Lat.] 

Being of the nrst production. Ainsworth. 
PRIMITIVES, prim'-e-uv. a. [primitif, Fr.;primi- 
tivus, Lat.] Ancient 5 original ; established from 
the beginning. White. Formal ; affectedly solemn ; 
imitating the supposed gravity of old times. Ori- 
ginal ; primary ; not derivative : as, in grammar, 
a primitive, verb. Milton. 
PRIMITIVE*, prW-e-tlv. n. s. A primitive word. 

Johnson. 
PRPMITIVELY, prim'-e-tiv-le. ad. Originally; at 
first. Brown. Primarily ; not derivatively. John- 
son. According io the original rule. South. 
PRI'MITIVENESS, prim'-e-uVnes. n. s. State of 
being original ; antiquity; conformity to antiquity. 
PRI'MlTY*, prim'-e-te. n. s. [primitus, Lat.] The 

state of being first, or original. Pearson. 
PRFMNESS, prW-nes. n.s. Affected niceness or 

formality. Gray. 
PRIMOG'E / NIAL,prl-m6-je / -ne-al. a. [primigenius, 
Lat.] Firstborn; original; primary; constituent; 
elemental. Glanville. 
PRIMOGENITOR*, pri-m6-jen'-e-t&r. n. s. Forefa- 
ther. Gayton. 
PRIMOGENITURES, prl-md-jen'-e-ture. n. s. 
[primogeniture, Fr. ; from primo genitus, Lat.] 
Seniority ; eldership ; state of being firstborn. 
Brown. 
PRFMOGENITURESHIP*, prl- ^o-jen'-e-ture- 

shlp. n.s. Right of eldership. Citation by Burke. 
PRIMORDIAL §, prl-mdr'-de-al, or prl-n^r'-je-al. 
293, 376. a. [primordium, Lat.] Original; ex- 
isting from the beginning. Bp. Bull. 
PRIMO'RDIAL, prl-m6r'-de-al. n. s. Origin ; first 

principle. More. 
PRIMO'RDIAN, prl-mor'-de-an. n. s. A kind of 

plum. 
PRIMO'RDIATE, prl-mc-r'-de-ate. 91. a. Original ; 

existing from the first. Boyle. 
To PRIMP*, primp, v. n. [perhaps from prim.] To 
behave in a ridiculously formal, or affected man- 
ner. 
PRFMROSE, prmV-r6ze. n. s. [prime and rose ; 
primula wis, Lat.] A flower that appears early 
in the year. Shak. Primrose is used by Shakspeare 
for gay or flowery ; as, the primrose way. 
PRI'MY*. prl'-me. a. Blooming. Shakspeare. 
PRINCE §. prfnse. re. 5. [Fr. ; princeps, Lat.] A 
sovereign; a chief ruler. Milton. A sovereign of 
rank next to kings. Ruler, of whatever sex. Cam- 
den. The son of a king. Popularly, the eldest son 
of him that reigns under any denomination is call- 
ed a prince : as the son of the duke of Bavaria is 
called the electoral prince. Sidney. The chief of 
any body of men. Peacham. 
To PRINCE, prmse. v. re. To play the prince; to 

take state. Shakspeare. 
PRINCEDOM, prliis'-dum. 166. re. s. The rank, es 
tale, or power of the prince ; sovereignty. Spenser. 
PRINCELIKE, prlns'-like. a. Becoming a prince. 

Shakspeare. 
PRFNCELINESS, prW-le-nes. re. s. The state, 

manner, or dignity of a prince. Sherwood. 

PRINCELY, prins'-le. a. Having the appearance 

of one high born. Shak. Having the rank of 

princes. Sidney. Becoming a prince; royal; 

grand ; august. Milton. 

PRINCELY, prW-le. ad. In a princelike manner 

PRINCES-FEATHER, prin'-sfz-fi&TH'-flr. re. s 

The herb amaranth. Ainsworth. 
PRINCESS, prln'-ses. 502. re. s. [princesse, Fr.] A 
sovereign lady ; a woman having sovereign com- 
mand. Dryden. A sovereign lady of rank, next to 
that of a queen. The daughter of a king. Shak. 
The wife of a prince. 
PRINCIPAL §, prin'-se-pal. 88. a. [principal, Fr. 5 
principalis, Lat.] Princely. Spenser. Chief; of the 
first rate ; capital ; essential ; important ; consider- 
able. Hooker. 
PRINCIPAL, ' prln'-se-pal. n.s. A head; a chief, 
not a second. Bacon. One primarily or originally 
engaged; pot accessary or auxiliary. Swift. A 
723 k 



PRI 



PRI 



EP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mgt 3— p}ne ; pin ;— 



capital sum placed out at interest. Slia/c. Presi- 
dent or governour. Spenser. 
PRINCIPALITY, prln-se-pal'-e-te. n.s. [principaul- 
ti, Fr.] Sovereignty ; supreme power. Sidney. A 
prince 3 one invested with sovereignty. Slia/c. The 
country which gives title to a prince : as, the prin- 
cipality of Wales. Shafc. Superiority 3 predomi- 
nance." Digby. 
PRINCIPALLY, prin'-se-pal-e. ad. Chiefly 5 above 

all ; above the rest. Bp. Taylor. 
PRINCIPALNESS, prin'-se-pal-ngs. n. s. The 

stale of being principal or chief. 
PRFNCIPATE* prln'-se-pate. n. s. [principatus, 

Lat.] Principality ; supreme rule. Barrow. 
PRINCIPIA'TION, prln-slp-e-a'-shun. n. s. [prin- 
cipium, Lat.J Analysis into constituent or elemen- 
tal parts. Bacon. Not used. 
PRINCIPLE §, prln'-se-pl. 405. n. s. [principium, 
Lat.] Element 3 constituent part 3 primordial sub- 
stance. Watts. Original cause. Dryden. Being 
productive of other being; operative cause. Tillot- 
son. Fundamental truth 3 original postulate 3 first 
position from which others are deduced. Hooker. 
Ground of action 3 motive. Wake. Tenet on which 
morality is founded. Addison. Beginning. Spenser. 
To PRINCIPLE, prln'-se-pl. v. a. To establish or fix 
in any tenet 5 to impress with any tenet, good or ill. 
Milton. To establish firmly in the mind. Locke. 
PRFNCOCK, prln'-kok. ) n. s. [from prink or prim 
PRFNCOX, prin / -k6ks. ) cock; perhaps prcecox 
or prmcoquium ingenium, Lat.] A coxcomb ; a con- 
ceited person 3 a pert young rogue. A child made 
saucy through coo much indulgence. Sliakspeare. 
To PRINK, prlngk. v.n. [pronken, Dutch.] To 

prank 3 to deck for show. Howell. 
To PRINK*, prlngk. v. a. To dress or adjust to os- 
tentation. 
To PRINT §, print, v. a. [imprinter, empreint, Fr.] 
To mark by pressing any thing upon another. 
Dryden. To impress any thing, so as to leave its 
form. Roscommon. To form by impression. Shak. 
To impress words or make books, not by the pen, 
but the press. Pope. 
To PRINT, print, v. n. To use the art of typography. 

Milton. To publish a book. Pope. 
PRPNT, print, n. s. [empreinte, Fr.] Mark or form 
made by impression. Wiclijfe. That which, being 
impressed, leaves its form : as, a butter print. Pic- 
tures cut in wood or copper to be impressed on 
paper. It is usual to say wooden prints and cop- 
per plates. Picture made by impression. Waller. 
The form, size, arrangement, or other qualities of 
tne types used in printing books. Dryden. The 
state of being published by the printer. Addison. 
Single sheet printed for sale ; a paper something 
less than a pamphlet. Addison. Formal method 3 
exactness. Shakspeare. 
PRFNTER, prlnt'-tir. 98. n. s. One that prints books. 

Digby. One that stains linen with figures. 
PRFNTING*, prlnf-lng. n. s. The art or process 
of impressing letters or words ; typography. Sliak. 
The process of staining linen with figures. 
PRFNTLESS.prlntMes. a. That which leaves no im- 
pression. Milton. 
PRFOR §, pri'-Qr. 166. a. [Lat.] Former 5 being be- 
fore something else ; antecedent 3 anleriour. Ro- 
gers. 
PRIOR, prl'-5r. n. s. [prieur, Fr.] The head of 
a convent of monks, inferiour in dignity to an ab- 
bot. Addison. Prior, in some churches, presides 
over others in the same churches. Aijliffe. 
PRFORATE*, prl'-ur-ate. n. s. [prioratus, low Lat.] 

Government exercised by a prior. Warton. 
PRIORESS, prl'-fir-gs. n. s. A lady superiour of a 

convent of nuns. Shakspeare. 
PRIO'RITY, prl-or'-re-te. n. s. The state of being 
first ; precedence in time. Hayward. Precedence 
in plaee. Sliakspeare. 
PRFORLY*, prl'-fir-le. ad. Antecedently. Geddes. 
PRFORSHIP, prl'-fir-shlp. n. s. The state or office 

of a prior. 
PRFORY, prl'-iVe. n. s. A convent, in dignity be- 



| low an abbey. Shak. Priories are the churches 
which are given to priors in titulum, or bv wav 01 
title. Ayliffe. ' J J 

PRFSAGE, pri'-sadje. n.s. {prisage, Fr.] Prisage, 
now called butlerage, is a custom whereby the 
prince challenges out of every bark loadeu with 
wine, two tuns of wine at his price. Cowel. 
PRISMA, prlzm. n.s. [prisme y ¥r.; npivfia, Gr.] A 
prism of glass is a glass bounded with two equa 
and parallel triangular ends, and three plain and 
well polished sides, which meet in three parallel 
lines, running from the three angles of one end to 
the three angles of the other end. Newton. 
PRISMA'TICK, prlz-mat'-tlk. 509. a. [pi-ismatique . 

Fr.] Formed as a prism. Derham. 
PRISMA'TICALLY, prlz-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. In the 

form of a prism. Boyle. 
PRFSMOID, prlz'-mSld. n. s. A body approaching 

to the form of a prism. 
PRFSON§, prlz'-zn. 170. n. s. [Fr.; ppirun, Sax.] 
A strong hold in which persons are confined 3 a gaol 
Sliakspeare. 
To PRFSON, prlz'-zn. v. a. To imprison ; to shut 



mpnson : 
:rty. P. '. 
to enchain. Milton. To confine. 



up in hold j to restrain from liberty. P. Fletch 
To captivate 
Shakspeare. 
PRFSON BASE, prlz'-zn-base. n.s. A kind of rural 

play, commonly called prisonbars. Sandys. 
PRISONER, prlz'-zn-ur. 98. n. s. [prisonnier, Fr.] 
One who is confined in hold. Bacon. A captive; 
one taken by the enemy. Spenser. One under ail 
arrest. Dryden. 
PRFSONHOUSE, prlz'-zn-house. n. s. Gaol 3 hold 

in which one is confined. Sliakspeare. 
PRFSONMENT, prlz'-zn-ment. n.s. Confinement, 

imprisonment : captivity. Shakspeare. 
PRISTINE, prls'-tln. 140. a. [pristin, old Fr. : pris- 

tinus, Lat.] First 3 ancient 3 original. More.' 
PRFTHEE, prh-H'-e. A familiar corruption of pray 

Hue, or, I pray thee. Rowe. 
PRFVACY, prl'-va-se, or prlv'-a-se. n.s. State of 
being secret j secrecy. Retirement 5 retreat 3 place 
intended to be secret. Dryden. [privaute, Fr.l 
Privity 3 joint knowledge ; great familiarity. Ar- 
buthnot. Taciturnity. Ainsworth. 

§CT The first pronunciation of this word is adopted by 
Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and En- 
tick ; and the last by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elpbinston, 
and Mr. Scott. Mr. Elphinston is in this word consis- 
tent with his pronunciation of primacy ; but my ear and 
observation greatly fail me, if the first mode of pro- 
nouncing this word is not the most agreeable to polite 
as well as general usage. It seems to retain the sound 
of its primitive private, as piracy does of pirate ; which 
word piracy Mr. Elphinston, in opposition to all out 
orthoepists, pronounces with the i short. W. 

PRIVA'DO, prl-va'-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 

[Span.] A secret friend. Bacon. 
PRIVATE* 



open 
Beim 



prl'-vat. 91. a. [privatus, Lat.] Not 
secret. Milton. Alone 3 not accompanied, 
upon the same terms with the rest of the 
community; particular j opposed to publick. Hooker 
Particular 3 not relating to the publick. Digby. 
Admitted to participation of knowledge ; privy 
B. Jonson. Sequestered. Shak. — In private. Se- 
cretly ; not pubhckly 3 not openly. Glanville. 

PRF\ ATE, prl'-vat. n. s. A secret message. Shak 
Particular business. B. Jonson. A common sol 
dier. 

PRIVATE'ER, prl-va-teer'. n. s. [from private.] A 
ship fitted out by private men to plunder the ene- 
mies of the state. Sivift. 

To PRIVATE'ER, prl-va-teer'. v. a. To fit out ships 
against enemies, at the charge of private persons. 

PRFVATELY, prl'-vat-le. ad. Secretly 3 not open- 
ly. St. Mark, xxiv. 

PRFVATEINESS, pri'-vat-nes. n. s. The state of a 
man in the same rank with the rest of the commu- 
nity. Secrecy; privacy. Bacon. Obscurity; re- 
tirement. Wotton. 

PRIVATION, prl-va'-shun. 133. n. s. [Fr.; priia- 
tio, Lat.] Removal or destruction of any thing or 
quality. Vavies. The act of the mind by which, 
724 



PRO 



PRO 



nA, move, n&r, not ; — tube, tub, boll ; — 6il ; — pdiind ; — th'm, this. 



in considering' a subject, we separate it from any 
thing' appendant. The act of degrading from rank 
or office. Bacon. 
PRI'VATIVE $, prlv'-va-dv. 133. a. [privatif, Fr.j 
privativus, Lat.J Causing privation of any" thing. 
Consisting in the absence of something; not posi- 
tive. Privative is, in things, what negative is in 
propositions. Bacon. 

#3- Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick. Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott. W. 
Johnston, and Entick, make the first syllable of this 
word short, as I have done : and Mr. Perry and Buchan- 
an make it long. In defence of the first pronunciation 
it may be observed, that this word is not like primacy 
and primary ; the first of which is a formative of our 
own ; and the second, derived from the Latin primarius, 
which, in our pronunciation of the Latin, does not 
shorten the i in the first syllable as privations does, (see 
Academy and Incomparable ;) and therefore these 
words are no rule for the pronunciation of this ; which, 
besides the general tendency of the penultimate accent 
to shorten every vowel it falls on but a, 535, seems to 
have another claim to the short vowel from its termina- 
tion : thus sanative, donative, primitive, derivative, 
&c, all plead for the short sound. W. 

PRI'VATIVE, prfv'-va-uV. 157. n.s. That of which 
the essence is the absence of something, as silence 
is only the absence of sound. Bacon. 

PRrVATIVELY,priv'-va-uY-le.c«/. By the absence 
of something necessary to be present. Negative- 
ly. Hammond. 

PRPVATIVENESS, priv'-va-tlv-nes. n. s. Notation 
of absence of something that should be present. 

PRI'VET, prlv'-vlt. 99. n. s. Evergreen : a plant. 
Miller. 

PRI'VILEGE §, priv'-ve-Kdje. n. s. [Fr.j privile- 
gium, Lat.] Peculiar advantage. Milton. Immu- 
nity ; right not universal. Shakspearz. 

To PRI'VILEGE, prfv'-y6-lidje. 133. v. a. To invest 
with rights or immunities; to grant a privilege. 
Dryden. To exempt from censure or danger. 
Sidney. To exempt from paying tax or impost. 
Hale. 

PRPVILY, prfv'-e-le.od. Secretly; privately. Spen- 

PRPVITY, prlv'-e-te. 530. n.s. [privaute 1 , Fr.J .Pri- 
vate communication. Spenser. Consciousness ; 
joint knowledge ; private concurrence. Hooker. 
Privacy. Spenser. [In the plural.] Secret parts. 
Abbot. 

PRPVYy, priv'-e. a. [price 1 , Fr.J Private; not pub- 
lick; assigned to secret uses. Shak. Secret ; clan- 
destine ; done by stealth. 2 Mace. viii. Secret; 
not shown ; not publick. Ezek. xxi. Admitted to 
secrets of state. Shak. Conscious to any thing; 
admitted to participation of knowledge. Daniel. 

PRIVY, prlv'-e. n. s. Place of retirement; necessa- 
ry house. Swift. 

PRIZE y , prize, n. s. [preis, Germ. ; and pris, Goth.] 
A reward gained by contest with competitors. 
Sliok. A reward gained by any performance. 
Dryden. [prise, Fr.] Something taken by adven- 
ture ; plunder. Arbuthnot. 

To PRIZE, prize, v. a. [priser, Fr.; appreciare, 
Lat.lTo rate ; to value at a certain price. Zech. 
xi. To esteem ; to value highly. Dryden. 

PRIZER, prl'-zur. 98. n. s. [priseur, Fr.] One that 
values. Sliak. One who contends for a prize. B. 
Jonson. 

PRIZEFIGHTER, prlze'-fl-tor. n. s. One who 
fights publickly for a reward. Arbuthnot. 

PRO, pro. [Lat.] For; in defence of. — Pro and con, 
for pro and contra, for and against. Clarendon. 

PRO 7 A*, or PROE*. n. s. [perhaps from the Span. 
proa."] A name given to a sailing vessel of the In- 
dies. Yonng. 

PROBABILITY, prob-a-bil'-e-te. n. s. [probabili- 
tas, Lat.] Likelihood; appearance of truth; evi- 
dence arising from the preponderation of argument: 
.t is less than moral certainty. Locke. 

PROBABLE y , prob'-ba-bl.a. [Fr.; probabilis, Lat.] 
Likely; having more evidence than the contrary. 
Hooker. That may be proved. Milton. 

{£r Were this word used to signify the possibility of 



searching a wound with a probo, the would in that 
case bo pronounced long. W. 

PRO'BABLY,pr6b'-ba-ble.ad. Likely; in likelihood. 
Siri/'t. 

PRO<BATE#, pr6'-bat. n.s. [probatum. Lat.] Proof. 
SkeUon. The proof of a will; the official copy 
of a will with the certificate of its having been 
proved. Blackstone. 

PROBATIONS, pro-ba'-shfin. n. s. [probatio, 
Lat.] Proof; evidence ; testimony. Shak. The act 
of proving bv ratiocination or testimony. Pearson. 
[probation, Fr.] Trial; examination. Bacon. Mor- 
al trial. Nelson. Trial before entrance into monas- 
I lick life ; novitiate. Beaumont and Pletclier. 

9CP The in the inseparable preposition of this and sim- 
ilar words, when the accent is on the second syllable, is 
exactly like the in obedience, which see. TV. 

PROBA'TIONAL*, pr6-ba'-shun-ah a. Serving for 
trial. Bp. Richardson. 

PROBATIONARY, pro-ba'-shun-a-re. a. Serving 
for trial. Bp. Taylor. 

PROBATIONER, pro-ba'-shfin-ur. n. s. One who 
is upon trial. Dryden. A novice. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. 

PROBATIONERSHIP, pro-ba'-sfiun-fir-slifp. n.s. 
State of being a probationer; novitiate. Locke. 

PROBA'TIONSHIP* pri-ba'-shun-shlp. n.s. State 
of probation; novitiate. Trausl. of Boccalini. 

PROBATIVE*, pro'-ba-dv. a. [probatus, Lat..] 
Serving for trial. Soutli. 

PROBA^TOR*, prd-ba'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] An exam- 
iner ; an approver. Maydman. [In law.] An accu- 
ser ; one who undertakes to prove a crime charged 
upon another. Cowel. 

PROBATORY, prob'-ba-tur-e. 512. [pro'-ba-tur-e, 
Sheridan and Perry.] a. [probo, Lat.] Serving for 
trial. BramJiali Serving for proof. Bp. Taylor. 

PROBA'TUM EST, pri-ba'-tfim-est. A Latin ex- 
pression added to the end of a receipt, signifying it 
is tried or proved. Prior. 

PROBE y, probe, n. s. [probo, Lat.] A slender wire 
by which surgeons search the depth of wounds, 
Fell. 

PROBE-SCISSORS, probe'-siz-zfirs. 166. n, s. 
Scissors used to open wounds, of which the blade 
thrust into the orifice has a button at the end. 
Wiseman. 

To PROBE, probe, v. a. [probo, Lat.] To search 5 
to try bv an instrument. South. 

PRO'BITY, prob'-e-te. 530. n. s. [probite, Fr. ; 
probitas, Lat.] Honesty; sincerity; veracity. Fid- 
des. 

PRO'BLEM^prob'-lem. n. s. [probleme, Fr.- y vp6^ 
\i/ua, Gr.] A question proposed. Bacon. 

PROBLEMATICAL, prob-le-mat'-te-kal. 509. a. 
Uncertain ; unsettled ; disputed ; disputable. Wlike. 

PROBLEMATICALLY, pt^b-le-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. 
Uncertainly. 

To PROBLE'MATIZE* prob-lem'-a-tize. v. n. To 
propose problems. B. Jonson. 

PROBOSCIS, pr6-b6s'-sk n. s. [proboscis, Lat.] A 
snout; the trunk of an elephant; used also for the 
same part in every creature, that bears any re 
semblance thereunto. Milton. 

PROCACIOUS y , pri-ka'-shfis. a. [procax, Lat.] 
Petulant; saucv; loose. Barrow. 

PROCA'CITY, pr6-kas'-se-te. 530. n. s. Petulance 
looseness. Burton. 

PROCATARCTICK, pro-kat-ark'-tFk. a. [zpoKa- 
TdaKTiKos.~] Forerunning; remotely antecedent 
Ferrand. 

PROCATA'RXIS^ro-kat-arks'-fs. n.s. [^oKara^- 
ij.] The preexistent cause of a disease, which co- 
operates with others that are subsequent. Quincu. 

PROCEDURE, pri-see'-jire. 376. n. s. [Fr.] Man- 
ner of proceeding ; management ; conduct. South. 
Act of proceeding ; progress; process; operation. 
Hale. Produce ; thing producea. Bacon. 

ToPROCEE'Dy. prc.-seed'. 533. v. n. [procedo, 
Lat. ; proreder, Fr.] To pass from one thing or 
place to another. Milton. Togo forward; to tend 
to the end designed ; to advance. Shak. To come 



PRO 














PRO 


IE? 559.- 


-Fate 


far 


fftll, fat y 


—me, 


met; 


— pine 


pin;— 



forth from a place or from a sender. <S*. John. To 
go or march in state. Anon. To issue ; to arise ; 
to be the effect of; to be produced from. Shak. 
To prosecute any design. Locke. To be transact- 
ed; to be carried on. Shak. To make progress. 
Milton. To carry on j uridical process. Clarendon. 
To transact; to act; to carry on any affair me- 
thodically. Milton. To take effect; to have its 
course. Aylife. To be propagated ; to come by 
generation. Milton. To be produced by the orig- 
inal efficient cause. Milton. 

PROCEE'D, pr6-seed'. n.s. Produce: as, the pro- 
ceeds of an estate. Howell. 

PROCEE'DER, pr6-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who goes 
forward ; one who makes a progress. Bacon. 

PROCEEDING, pr6-seed'4ng. 410. n. s. [procedA, 
Fr.] Process from one thing to another ; series of 
conduct ; transaction. Shak. Legal procedure : 
as, Such are the proceedings at law. 

PROCELEUSMA'TICK*, pr6s-e-luse-matMk. a. 
[■7T(>oK£\cv<TnaTiKbs.] Exhorting by songs or speeches. 
Johnson. 

PROCE'LLOUS, pr6-seT-lus. a. [proceUosus, Lat.] 
Tempestuous. Diet. 

PROCE PTION, pro-sep'-shun. n. s. Preoccupa- 
tion ; act of taking something sooner than another. 
King Charles. Ob. J. 

PROCE'RE§*, pi-6-sere'. a. [procerus, Lat.] Tall. 
Evelyn. Ob. T. 

PROCE'RITY, pro-seV-e-te. n. s. [procerite, Fr.; 
from procerus, Lat.] Talness ; height of stature. 
Bacon. 

PROCESS, pros'-ses. 533. n. s. [proces, Fr. ; pro- 
cessus, Lat.] Tendency; progressive course. Hook- 
er. Regular and gradual progress. Shak. Course ; 
continual fiux or passage. Shak. Methodical 
management of any thing. Boyle. Course of law. 
Shak. [In anatomy.] Eminence of the bones and 
other parts. Smith. 

J^f" Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. 
Scott, W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, place the accent on 
the first syllable of this word ; and those who give the 
quantity of the vowels make it short ; Buchanan alone, 
though he places the accent on the first syllable, makes 
it long. 
Mr. Nares suspects the accentuation of this word on the 
second syllable to be the most ancient, though Shak- 
speare so frequently places the accent on the first : 
"Tell her the piocess of Antonio's end." 

Merchant of Venice. 
" In brief, to set the needless process by." 

Measure for Measure. 
" In process of the seasons I have seen." 

Shaltspeare's Sonnets. 
But Milton accents the second syllable: 

" Cannot without process of speech be told." 

Par. Lost, VII. 178. 

<; which might rise 

" By policy and long process of time." — lb. II. 297. 
There is a phrase, as Mr. Nares observes, In process of 
time, when we oftener hear the accent on the second 
syllable of this word than the first. This is undoubted- 
ly a proof of the justness of his observation respecting 
the antiquity of this pronunciation ; but, as it is now 
antiquated in other phrases, it ought not to be used in 
this. W. 
PROCESSIONS, prA-sSsh'-fin. n.s. [Fr.; proces- 
sio, Lat.] A train marching in ceremonious solem- 
nity. Hooker. The act of issuing or proceeding 
from. Pearson. 
To PROCESSION, pr6-sesh/-un. w. n. To go in 

procession. 
PROCESSIONAL, prA-sgsh'-un-al. a. [processional, 

Fr.] Relating to procession. Cotgrave. 
PROCESSIONAL*, pri-sgsh'-un-al. n.s. [proces- 
sionale, Lat.] A book relating to the processions 
of the Romish church. Gregory. 
PROCESSION ARY, prA-sesh'-fin-a-re. 512. a. Con- 

sisting in procession. Hooker. 
PROCHRONISM, pro -krun-fzm. n. s. [^ P o X p6vi<T- 
uos.] An errour in chronology ; a dating a thing 
before it happened. Gregory. 
PROCIDENCE, pr^se-derse. n. s. [procidentia, 



Lat.] Falling down ; dependence below its natural 
place. Ferrand. 
PROCFNCT, pr6-slnkt'. n. s. [procinctm, Lat.] 
Complete preparation; pi eparation brought to the 
point of action. Milton. 

To PROCLAIMS, P r6-klW. 202. v. a. [proclamo, 
Lat.] To promulgate or denounce by a solemn oi 
legal publication. Deut. xx . To tell openly. Locke 
To outlaw by publick denunciation. Shaksveare. 

PROCLAFMER, pro-kla'-mur. 98. n. s. One that 
publishes by authority. Milton. 

PROCLAMATION, prok-kla-ma'-shun. n. s. [proc- 
lamatio, Lat.] Publication by authority. A declara- 
tion of the king's will openly published among the 
people. Clarendon. 

PROCLFVE*, pr6-klW. a. [proclivis, Lat.] In- 
clining or bent to a thing. Bullokar. Ob. T. 

PROCLI'VITY§,pr6-kuV-e-te.530. n.s. [proclivi- 
tas, Lat.] Tendency; natural inclination ; propen 
sion; proneness. Bp. Hall. Readiness; facility 
of attaining. Walton. 

PROCLFVOUS, pro-kll'-vus. 503. a. Inclined ; tend 
ing by nature. Diet. 

PROCO'NSUL,<prb-kbn'-&\. n.s. [Lat.] A Ro 
man officer, who governed a province with consu 
lar authority. Peacham. 

PROCONSULAR*, pro-kon'-shu-lar. 452. a. Be 
longing to a proconsul ; under the rule of a pro 
consul. Milton. 

PROCO'NSULSHIP, pr6-k6n'-sul-sh?p. n. s. The 
office of a proconsul. 

To PROCRASTINATES, pro-kras'-tfn-ate. v. a. 
[procrastinor, Lat.] To defer; to delay; to put 
off from dav to day. Shakspeare. 

To PROCRASTINATE, prA-kras'-tln-ate. v. n. 
To be dilatory. Hammond. 

PROCRASTINATION, pri-kras-tin-a'-shun. n. s. 
Delay; dilatoriness. 

PROCRASTINATOR, pro-kras'-tln-a-tur. 521. 
n. s. A dilatory person. Junius. 

PROCREANT, pro'-kre-ant. 505. a. [procreans, 
Lat.] Productive; pregnant. Slialcspeare. 

PROCREANT*, prA'-kre-ant. n. s. That which 
generates. Milton. 

To PROCREATES, pro'-kre-ate. v. a. [procreo, 
Lat.] To generate; to produce. Bentleij. 

PROCREATION, pro-kre-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.; pro 
creatio, Lat.] Generation ; production. Raleigh. 

PROCREATIVE, pnV-kre-a-tlv. 512. a Genera 
tive ; productive. Hale. 

PROCREATIVENESS, pr6'-kre-a-uv-nes. 512, 
534. n. s. Power of generation. Decay ofChr. Piety 

PROCREATOR, pro'-kre-a-tur. 521. n.s. Genera 
tor; begetter. Huloet. 

PROCTORS, prok'-tur. 1G6. n. s. [contracted from 
procurator, Lat.] A manager of another man's al 
fairs. Hooker. An attorney in the spiritual court 
Swift. The magistrate of the university. Waller- 

To PROCTOR, prok'-tur. v. a. To manage : a cant 
word. Warburton. 

PROCTORAGE*, prok'-tur-aje. n. s. Manage 
ment : a contemptuous expression. Milton. 

PROCTO / RICAL*,pr6k-t6r / -e-kal. a. Of or belong- 
ing to the academical proctor ; magisterial. Dean 
Prideaux. 

PROCTORSHIP, prok'-tor-shlp. n. s. Office or 
dignity of a proctor. Clarendon. 

PROCU'MBENT, pro-kum'-bent. a. [procumbens, 
Lat.] Lying down ; prone. 

PROCU'RABLE, pru-ku'-ra-bi. a. To be procured; 
obtainable; acquirable. Boyle. 

PROCURACY, prok'-u-ra-se. n.s. The manage- 
ment of any thing. 

PROCURATION, prdk-ku-ra'-shun. n. s. The act 
of procuring. Woodward. Management of affairs 
for another person. Bp. Hall. Procurations are 
certain sums paid to the bishop, or archdeacon, by 
incumbents, on account of visitations. Formerly, 
necessary victuals were the acknowledgement 
made to the visitor, and his attendants. They are 
also called proxies. 

PROCURATOR, prok-ku-ra'-tfir. 166, 521. n.s. 
726 



PRO 



PRO 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — ti\be, tub, bftll ; — 611 ; — pfifind; — thin, mis. 



Manager; one who transacts affairs for another. 
WkOfe. 
PROCrJ R ATO RIAL, pr6k-ku-ra-t6'-re-al. a. Made 

by a proctor. Ayliffe. 
PKOCURA TORSHIP* prdk-ku-ra'-tftr-shlp. n. s. 

The office of a procurator. Pearson. 
PROCU'RATORY, pr6-ku'-ra-tur-e. 512. a. Tend- 
in? to procuration. 
Ttt PROCURE $, prd-kure'. v.a. [procuro, Lat.] 
To manage ; to transact for another. To obtain; 
to acquire. Jer. xxxiii. To persuade ; to prevail 
on. Spenser. To contrive; to forward. Shakspeare. 
To PROCURE, pro-kure'. v. n. To bawd ; to pimp. 

Dn/den. 
PROCUREMENT,pr6-kure'-ment. n. s. The act 

of procuring. Sir T. Elyot. 

PROCURER, pr6-kiY-rur. 98. n.s. One that gains ; 

obtainer. Walton. One who plans or contrives. 

Bacon. Pimp ; pander. South. 

PROCU'RESS. pro-ku'-res. n.s. A bawd. Spectator. 

PRO'DIGAL§, prod'-de-gal. a. [prodigus, Lat.] 

Profuse ; wasteful ; expensive ; lavish. Camden. 
PRO'DIGAL, pr6d'-de-gal. n. s. A waster; a spend- 
thrift. B. Jonson, 
PRODIGALITY, prod-de-gal'-e-t£. n. s. [prodi- 
galite, Fr.J Extravagance ; profusion ; waste ; ex- 
cessive liberality. Shakspeare. 
To PRODIGALIZE*, prod'-de-gal-lze. v. n. To 
play the prodigal ; to be guilty of extravagance. 
Sherwood. Ob. T. 
PRODIGALLY, prod'-de-gal-e. ad. Profusely; 

wastefully ; extravagantly. B. Jonson. 
PRODI'GIOUS §, pr6-d?d'-j&s.314. a. [prodigiosvs, 
Lat.] Amazing; astonishing; such as may seem a 
prodigy ; portentous ; enormous ; monstrous. Ba- 
con. 
PRODI'GIOUSLY, pr6-dkl'-jus-le. ad. Amazingly; 
astonishingly; portentously; enormously. Cowley. 
It is. sometimes used as a familiar hyperbole. Pope. 
PRODI'GIOUSNESS, prA-dfd'-jfts-nes. n.s. Enor- 
mousness ; portentousness ; amazing qualities. Bp. 
Hall. 
PRO'DIGY, prod'-de-je. n. s. [prodige, Fr. ; prodi- 
gium, Lat.] Any thing out of the ordinary process 
of nature, from which omens are drawn ; portent. 
Sfoxk. Monster. B. Jonson. Any thing astonishing 
for good or bad. Spectator. 
PRODl'TION, pr6-dish'-&n. n.s. [proditio, Lat.] 

Treason ; treachery. Bp. Hall. 
PRO'DITOR, prod'-e-tur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A 

traitor. Shakspeaie. 
PRODITO'RIOUS, pr6d-e-t6'-re-us. a. Traitor- 
ous ; treacherous ; perfidious. Daniel. Apt to 
make discoveries. Wotton. 
PRO'DITOR Y*, prod'-e-tur-e. a. Treacherous; 

perfidious. Milton. 
PRODROME*, pro'-drc-me. n.s. [prodrome, Fr.; 

prodromus. Lat.] A forerunner. Coles. 
To PRODUCER pro-duse'. 492. v.a. [produco, 
Lat.] To offer to the view or notice. Isa. xli. To 
exhibit to the publick. Swift. To bring as an 
evidence. Sliak. To bear; to bring forth, as a 
vegetable. Sandys. To cause; to effect ; to gene- 
rate; to beget. Bacon. To extend; to lengthen. 
B. Jonson. 
PRODUCE, pr&d'-duse. 532. n.s. Product; that 
which any thing yields or brings. Dryden. Amount ; 
profit ; gain ; emergent sum or quantity. Morti- 
mer. 
§CT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, 
Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the 
o in the first syllable of this word short; and Buchanan 
and Dr. Ash long. W. 
PRODUCEMENT*, pr6-duse'-ment. n. s. Produc- 
tion. Milton. Ob. T. 
PRODUCENT, pro-du'-sent. n.s. One that ex- 
hibits; one that offers. Ayliffe. 
PRODUCER, pro-du'-sur. n. s. One that generates 

or produces. Suckling. 
PRODUCIBI'LITY*, pr6-du-se-bll'-e-te. n. s. Pow- 
er of producing. Barrow. 
PRODUCIBLE, pr6-du'-se-bl. a. Such as may be 



exhibited. Hammond. Such as may be generated 
or made. Boyle. 

PRODU'CIBLENESS, pr6-du'-se-bl-nes. n. s. The 
state of being producible. Boyle. 

PRO'DUCT, prdd'-ftkt. 532. n. s. [productus, Lat.] 
Something produced by nature : as, fruits, grain, 
metals. Locke. Work ; composition ; effect of art 
or labour. Watts. Thing consequential; effect. 
Milton. Result; sum: as, the product of many 
sums added to each other. . 

fcj* Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. 
Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the o in the first 
syllable of this word short ; and Dr. Ash, asi far as we 
can gather by his position of the accent, makes it long. 
W. 

PRODUCTILE, pro-duk'-til. 140. a. Which may 

be produced, or drawn out at length. 
PRODUCTION, prA-dfik'-shun. n.s. The act of 



producing. Dryden. 
product. Waller. 



The thing produced ; fruit; 
Composition ; work of art or 
study. Sivift. 
PRODUCTIVE, pr6-duk'-t?v. a. Having the pow- 
er to produce ; fertile ; generative ; efficient. 
Milton. 
PRODU / CTWENESS*,pr6-dfik'-dv-nes. n.s. State 

or quality of being productive. 
PRO'EM^nro'-em. n.s. [t:pooiixiov,Gr.;prooemium f 

Latj Preface; introduction. White. 
To PROEM*, pr6'-em. v. a. To preface. South. 
PROE'MIAL*. pro-e'-me-al. a. Introductory. Ham- 
mond. 
PRO'FACE*. interj. [prouface, old Fr.] An old ex- 
clamation of welcome, frequent in the writers of 
Shakspeare's time. Shaksjieare. Ob. T. 
PROFANATION, prof-a-na'-shun. 533. n.s. [pro- 
fano, Lat.] The act of violating any thing sacred 
Hooker. Irreverence to holy things or persons 
Shakspeare. 
PROFANE §, pro-fane'. 533. a. [pro/anus, Lat.] Ir- 
. reverent to sacred names or things. South. Not 
sacred; secular. Burnet. Polluted; not pure. 
Raleigh. Not purified by holy rites. Dryden. 
To PROFA'NE, pro-fane', v. a. [profano, Lat. ; pro- 
faner, Fr.] To violate; to pollute. Shak. To put 
to wrong use. Shakspeare. 
PROFA'NELY, pr6-fane'-le. ad. With irreverence 

to sacred names or things. 2 Esdr. xv. 
PROFA'NENESS, pr6-lane'-nes. n. s. Irreverence 

of what is sacred. Dryden. 
PROFA'NER, pri-fane'-ur.ra.s. Polluter; violator. 

Hooker. 
PROFE'CTION, pro-fel'-shun. n. s. [profectio, Lat.] 

Advance; progression. Brown. 
To PROFESS?, pr6-fes'. v.a. [professer, Fr. ; pro- 
fessus Lat.] To declare himself in strong terms of 
any opinion or character. Whole Duty of Man. 
To make a show of any sentiments by loud dec- 
laration. Shak. To declare publickly one's skill 
in any art or science, so as to invite employment. 
Ecclus. iii. To exhibit the appearance of . Spenser. 
To PROFE'SS, pro-fes'. v.n. To declare openly. 
Tit. i. To enter into a state of life by a publick 
declaration. Drayton. To declare friendship. 
Shakspeare, 
PROFESSEDLY, pri-fey-s^d-le. 364. ad. Accord- 
ing to open declaration made by himself. King: 
Charles. Undeniably ; as every one allows. Lowth. 
PROFESSION, pr6-fesh'-&n. n.s. Calling; voca- 
tion; known employment. The term profession is 
particularly used of divinity, physicK, and law. 
Raleigh. Declaration. Glanville. The act of de- 
claring one's self of any party or opinion. Tillotsov,. 
PROFESSIONAL, pr6-fesh'-fin-al. a. Relating to a 

particular calling or profession. Richardson. 
PROFESSIONALLY* pr6-fesh'-&n-al-le. ad. By 

profession. 
PROFESSOR, pr6-fes'-s&r. n. s. [professeur, Fr.] 
One who declares himself of any opinion or party. 
Bacon. One who publickly practises or teaches 
an art. Swift. One who is visibly religious. Locke. 
PROFESSO'RIAL*,pr&f-fes-s6'-re-al. a. [professo- 
rius, Lat.] Relating to a professor. Bentky. 



PRO 



PRO 



(JJ 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, p?n ;- 



PROFESSORSHIP, pr6-fes'-sur-sh?p. n. s. The 

station or office of a publick teacher. Walton. 
PROFESSORY*, pro-fes'-so-re. a. Professorial 3 

belonging - to the professors. Bacon. 
To PROFFER $, pr6f-far. v. a. [profero, Lat.] To 
propose ; to offer to acceptance. Spenser. To at 
tempt of one's own accord. Milton. 
PROFFER, pr&P -for. n. s. Offer made; something 
proposed to acceptance. Sidney. Essay ; attempt. 
Bacon. 
PROFFERER,pr6P-f&r-ur. n.s. He that offers. Slink. 
PROFFCIENCE, p^-ffsh'-ense. )n.s. [prof do, 
PROFICIENCY, pri-flsh'-en-se. $ Lat.] Profit; 
advancement in anything - ; improvement gained. 
Addison. 
PROFFCIENT, pr6-f?sh / -ent. n.s. [ prof ciens, Lat] 
One who has made advances in any study or busi- 
ness. Boyle. 
PROFFCUOUS, pro-ffk'-ku-us. a. [profcuus, Lat.] 

Advantageous ; useful. Harvey. 
PROFILE, pri-feel'. 112. [pro-feel', Perry, Jones, 
Fulton ana Knight.] n. s. [prof I, Fr.] The side 
face; half face. Dry den. 
PROFIT $, pr6f-flt. n.s. [Fr.] Gain; pecuniary 
advantage. Shak. Advantage; accession of good. 
Bacon. Improvement ; advancement ; proficiency. 
To PROFIT, prSf-fft. v. a. [profiler, Fr.] To bene- 
fit; to advantage. Job, xxx. To improve; to ad- 
vance. Dryden. 
To PROFIT, prof -fit. v. n. To gain advantage. 
Arbuthnot. To make improvement. 1 Tim. iv. 
To be of use or advantage. Milton. 
PROFITABLE, prof-fft-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Gainful; 

lucrative. Sliak. Useful ; advantageous. Shak. 
PROFITABLENESS, pr6f-ffr-a-bl-n£s. n.s. Gain- 
fulness. Usefulness ; advantageousness. More. 
PROFITABLY, pr6l 7 -fit-a-ble. ad. Gainfully. Ad- 
vantageously ; usefully. Wake. 
PROFITLESS, pr6f-fit-les. a. Void of gain or ad- 
vantage. Shakspeare. 
PROFLIGACY*, pr&f'-fle-ga-se. n.s. State of being 

lost to decency and virtue. Ban-ington. 
PROFLIGATE §, prof-fle-gat. 91. a. [pro.ligatus, 
Lat.] Abandoned ; lost to virtue and decency ; 
shameless. Roscommon. 
PROFLIGATE, prof-fle-gat. 91. n.s. An abandon- 
ed, shameless wretch. Addison. 
To PROFLIGATE, pr6P-fle-gate. 91. v. a. [profi- 
go, Lat.] To drive away ; to overcome. Folherby. 
Ob. J. 
PROFLIGATELY, prof-fle-gat-le. ad. Shameless- 
ly. Swift. 
PROFLIGATENESS, pr6f-fle-gat-nes. n. s. The 

quality of being profligate. Bailer. 
PROFLIGA'TION*, prdf-fle-ga'-shfin. n. s. Defeat ; 

rout. Bacon. 
PROFLUENCE, pr6f-flu-ense. n. s. Progress; 

course. Wottori. 
PROFLUENT$, pr6f-flu-ent. 532. a. [prqfluens, 

Lat] Flowing forward. Milton.. 
PROFO'UNDf, pro-found', a. [profundus, Lat.] 
Deep ; descending far below the surface ; low, with 
respect to the neighbouring places. Milton. Intel- 
lectually deep ; not obvious to the mind : as, a pro- 
found treatise. Lowly; humble; submiss;' submis- 
sive. Duppa. Learned beyond the common reach. 
Hooker. Deep in contrivance. Hosea, v. Having 
hidden qualities. Sliakspeare. 
PROFO'UND, pro-fdund'. n. s. The deep ; the main ; 

the sea. Sandys. The abyss. Milton. 
To PROFOUND, pri-f&und'. v.n. To dive; to 

penetrate. Glanville. 
PROFOUNDLY, pro-found'-le. ad. Deeply ; with 
deep concern. Shak. With great degrees of 
knowledge ; with deep insight. Drayton. 
PROFO UNDNESS, pro-found'-nes. n.s. Depth of 

place. Depth of knowledge. Hooker. 
PROFUNDITY, pr6-f&nd / -e-te. n. s. Depth of place 

or knowledge. Abp. Usfier. 
PROFUSE §, pro-fuse'. 427. a. [profusus, Lat.] 
Lavish j (00 liberal; prodigal. Davenant. Over- 
abounding; exuberant. Milton. 



n.s. Lavishness; 



PROFUSELY, pr<Wuse'-le. ad. Lavishly ; prodi 

gallv. Burton. With exuberance. Thomson. 
PROFUSENESS, pr6-fuse'-nes. 

prodigality. Dryden. 
PROFUSION, pri-fiV-zhun. n.s. [profusio,LaX.] 
Lavishness; prodigality; extravagance. Howe. 
Lavish expense; superfluous effusion. Hayward. 
Abundance ; exuberant plenty. Addison. 
To PROG§, prog. v.n. [perhaps from the Dutch 
prachgen.] To go a begging; to wander about like 
a beggar ; to procure by a beggarly trick. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. To rob ; to steal. To shift 
meanly for provisions. L'Fstrange. 
PROG, prog. n.s. Victuals; provision of any kind. 

Swift. 
To PROGE / NERATE^,pr6-jen / -er-ate.r.a. [pro- 

genero. Lat.] To beget ; to propagate. Cotgrave. 
PROGENERA'TION, pr6-jc:n-er-a'-shun. n. s. The 

act of begetting; propagation. 
PROGE'NITOR, pro-jen'-it-fir. n. s. [Lat.] A fore- 
father; an ancestor in a direct line. Spenser. 
PRO'GENY. prod'-je-ne. n.s. [progenie, old Fr. ', pro- 
genies. Lat.] Offspring ; race ; generation. Hooker. 
PROGNOSTICABLE, prog-nds'-te-ka-bl. a. Such 

as may be foreknown or foretold. Brown. 
To PROGNOSTICATE, prog-nfts'-te-kate. »• «• 

To foretell ; to foreshow. Clarendon. 
PROGNOSTICATION, prog-nSs-le-ka'-shun. n. s. 
The act of foreknowing or foreshowing. Burnet. 
Foretoken. Sidney. 
PROGNOSTICATOR, P rog-n6sMe-ka-t&r. 521. 

n. s. Foreteller; foreknower. Isaiah, xlvii. 
PROGNOSTICK §, prog-nos'-tfk. a. [vpoyvww 
ko$.] Foretokening disease or recovery ; foreshow- 
ing : as, a prognostick symptom. 
PROGNOSTICK, prog-nosMik. n. s. The skill of 
foretelling diseases or the event of diseases. Ar 
buthnot. A prediction. Swift. A token forerun 
ning. South. 
PROGRA'MMA*, pri-gram'-ma. n.s. [Lat. {pro 
gramme, Fr.] A proclamation or edict, set up in a 
publick place. Life of A. Wood. What is written 
before something else ; a preface. Warton. 
PROGRESS §, pr6g'-gres. 532. n. s. [progres, Fr.; 
progressus, Lat.] Course ; procession ; passage. 
Sluvc. Advancement ; motion forward. Shak. 
Intellectual improvement ; advancement in knowl- 
edge; proficience. Denham. Removal from one 
place to another. Denliam. A journey of state; 
a circuit. Bacon. 
$5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr- Nares, Dr. Ken- 
rick, W. Johnston, and Perry, pronounce the o in the 
first syllable of this word short; but Buchanan and 
Entick make it long. TV. 
ToPRO'GRESS.prog'-gr&s. v.n. To move forward ; 

to pass. Shakspeare. Not used. 
To PROGRESS*, prog'-gres. v. a. To go round. 

Milton. 
PROGRESSION, pri-gresh'-ttn. n. s. [progressio, 
Lat.] Proportional process; regular and gradual 
advance. Newton. Motion ibrward. Brown. 
Course ; passage. Shak. Intellectual advance. 
Locke. 
PROGRESSIONAL, pr6-gresh'-un-al. a. Such as 

is in a state of increase or advance. Brown. 
PROGRESSIVE, pr6-gvfc'-sfo. a. [progressif Fr.] 

Going forward; advancing. Bacon. 
PROGRESSIVEL Y,pr6-gres'-siv-le. ad. By gradu 

al steps or regular course. Holder. 
PROGRESSIVENESS, pr6-gres'-siv-nes. n. s. The 

state of advancing. 
To PROHPBIT §, pro-luV-h. v. a. [prohibeo, Lat.] 
To forbid ; to interdict by authority. Sidney. To 
debar ; to hinder. Milton. 
PROHF BITER, pro-hlb'-it-ur. n. s. Forbidderj in- 
terdicted Sherwood. 
PROHIBITION, pro-he-Wsh^fin. n.s. [Fr.; pro- 
hibit™, Lat.] Forbiddance ; interdict ; act of for- 
bidding. Hooker. A writ issued by one court to 
stop the proceeding of another. Blackstone. 
PROHIBITIVE*, pr6-hm / -be-t?v. a. Implying pro- 
hibition. Barrow. 

728 



PRO 



PRO 



-116, move, n6r. not;— tube, tfib, bull ;— dil ; — pound ; — Ihm, this. 



PllOIII MTORY, pr6-hib'-be-tur-e. a. Implying 

prohibition; forbidding. Ai/lift'e. 
To PROIN, prdln. v. a. [ pnmgner, Fr.l To lop; 

to cut; to trim; to prune. Chaucer. Ob. J. 
To PROIN*, prfiin. v. n. To be employed in pruning. 

Bacon. Ob. T. ' 

To PROJE'CT §, pro-jokt'. 492. v. a. [projectus, Lat.] 
To throw. Spenser. To throw out ; to cast for- 
ward. Pope. To exhibit a form, as of the image \ 
thrown on a mirror. Dryden. [projetter, Fr.] 
To scheme: to form in the mind; to contrive. 
Khi»; Charles. 
To PROJE'CT, pro-jgkt'. v. n. To jut out ; to shoot 

forward ; to shoot beyond something next it. 
PROJECT, pr6d'-jekt. 492,532. n.s. [projk,Fr.] 

Scheme ; design ; contrivance. Addison. 
PROJECTILE, pru-jek'-tll. 140. n.s. A body put in 

motion. Cheyne, 
PROJECTILE, pro-jek'-til. a. [Fr.] Impelled for- 
ward. Arbulhnot. 
PROJECTION, reo-jgk'-shun. n.s. The act of 
throwing away . Patrick. The act of shooting for- 
wards. Brown. Plan; delineation. Walls. Scheme; 
plan of action : as, a projection of a new scheme. 
[In chymistry.] An operation ; crisis of an opera- 
tion; moment of transmutation. Bacon. 
PROJE'CTMENT*, pro-jekt'-ment. n. s. Design ; 

contrivance. Clarendon. 
PROJECTOR, pr6-jeV-tur. n. s. One who forms 
schemes or designs. Addison. One who forms 
wild, impracticable schemes. L' Estrange. 
PROJE'CTURE, pr6-jek'-tshure. 463. n. s. [Fr. ; 

projectura, Lat.] A jutting- out. 
To PROLA'TE, pro-late'. 492. v. a. [prolatum, Lat.] 

To pronounce ; to utter. Howell. 
PROLA'TE $, pr&l'-ate. 532. a. [prolatus, Lat.] Ex- 
tended beyond an exact round. Cheyne. 
PROLA'TION, pro-la'-sh&n. n. s. Pronunciation ; 
utterance. Skelton. Delay; act of deferring.] 
Ai?isworlh. 
PROLEGO'MENA, prol-le-gom'-me-na. 530. n. s. 
[~po\ey6pcva.] Previous discourse ; introductory 
observations. Steevens. 
PROLE'PSIS§, pr6-!ep'-s?s. n.s.[irp6\v^-~] .A 
form of rhetoricK, in which objections are antici- 
pated. Bramfiall. An errour in chronology, by 
which events are dated loo early. Theobald. 
PROLE'PTICAL, pr6-lep'-le-kal. ; a. A medical 
PROLE'PTICK* pr6-lep'-t?k. S . wor «; apP"- 
ed to certain fits of a disease ; previous ; antece- 
dent. Gregory. 
PROLE'PTICALLY,pr6-lV-ie-kal-le. ad. Byway 

of anticipation. Bentley. 
PROLETARIAN, pr6l-e-la'-re-an. a. Mean; 

wretched ; vile ; vulgar. Hudibras. 

PROLETARY^*, prol'-e-ta-re. n. s. [proletaries, 

Lat.] A common person ; one of the lowest order. 

Burton. 

PROLI'FICAL$. pro-HP-fe-kal. )a. [prolifique, 

PROLI'FICK$, pro-lJP-flk. 509. \ Fr - 5 proles 

andfacio, Lat.] Fruitfui ; generative ; pregnant ; 

productive. Milton. Promising fecundity. Pear- 

PROLI'FICALLY, pr6-l?P-fe-kal-e. ad. Fruitfully ; 
pregnantly. 

PROLIFICATION, pr6-l?f-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. Gen- 
eration of children. Gower. 

PROLI'FICKNESS* pr6-llP-ffk-nes. n. s. The 
state of being prolifick. Scott. 

PROLI'X §, pr6-l?ks'. a. [prolixus, Lat.] Long ; te- 
dious : not concise. Digby. Of long duration. Ay- 
liffe. ' 

PR'OLFXIOUS, pr6-lik'-shus. a. Dilatory ; tedious. 
Shakspeare. 

PROLPX1TY, prd-llks'-e-te. n. s. [prolixite 1 , Fr.] 
Tediousness; tiresome length; want of brevity. 
Shakspeare. 

PROLIXLY, prMfks'-le. ad. At great length ; te- 
diously. Dryden. 

PROLl'XNESS, prd-liks'-nes.Tt.j. Tediousness. A. 
Smith. 

PROLOCUTOR, pr6M6-ku'-tfir. 503. [pr6-]6k'- 
92 



ku-tur, Jones, Fulton and Knight.'] n.s. [Lat.] The 
foreman ; the speaker of a convocation. Stapletcn. 
{fCT In compliance with so many authorities, I placed the 
accent on the antepenultimate syllable of interlocutor, 
and nearly the same authorities oblige mo to place the 
accent on the penultimate of this word; for so Dr. 
Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Mr. Per- 
ry, Buchanan, Barclay, Fenning, and Bailey, accent it. 
But surely these two words ought not to he differently 
accented; and, if my opinion had any weight, I would 
accent them both on the penultimate, as they may be 
considered exactly like words ending in atnr, and ought 
to lie accented in the same manner. Mr. Sheridan and 
Mr. Scott arc very singular in placing the accent on the 
first syllable.— See Interlocutor. W. 

PROLOCU'TORSHIP, P r6l-l6-ku'-tur-sh?p. n. s. 

The office or dignity of prolocutor. 
To PRO'LOGIZE*. pr6l'-l6-jlze. v. n. To deliver 

a prologue. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
PROLOGUES, pr6Mog. 338, 532. n. s. [irpdUyos, 
Gr. ; prologue, Fr.] Preface ; introduction to any dis- 
course or performance. Milton. Something spoken 
before the entrance of the actors of a play. Shak. 
$jT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Naies, Dr. Ken- 
rick, Mr. Scott. W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make 
the in the first syllable of this word short, and Bucha- 
nan, only, long. W. 
To PRO'LOGUE, prol'-log. v. a. To introduce with 

a formal preface. Shakspeare. 
To PROLO'NG§. pro-long', v. a. [prolonger, Fr. ; 
pro and longus, Lat.] To lengthen out ; to continue ; 
to draw out. Milton. To put off to a distant time. 
Shakspeare. 
PROLONG A'TION, prol-long-ga'-shfin. 530. n. s. 
[Fr.] The act of lengthening. Bacon. Delay to a 
longer time. Bacon. 
PROLO'NGER*, pr6-16ng'-ur. n. s. What lengthens 

out. or continues. More. 
PROLUSION, pr6-hV-zhun. n.s. [prolusio, Lat.] 
A prelude ; an introduction ; an essay. Hakewill. 
PROMENA'DE*, pr6m-e-nade'. n.s. [Fr.] Walk. 

W. Mountague. 
To PROME'RIT* prd-mer'-ft. v. a. [promereo, Lat.] 
To oblige ; to confer a favour on. Bp. Hall. To 
deserve ; to procure by merit. Pearson. 
PROMINENCES, prom'-me-n£nse. )n.s. [promi- 
PRO'MINENCY§, prom'-me-nen-se. \ nence, old 
Fr. ; prominentia, Lat.] Protuberance ; extant part. 
Addison. 
PRO'MINENT, prom'-me-ncnt. a. [prominens, Lat.] 
Standing out beyond the other parts; protuberant; 
extant. Brown. 
PRO'MINENTLY*, prom'-me-nent-le. ad. So as to 

stand out beyond the other parts. 
PROMl'SCUOUS§, pro-nuV-ku-fis. a. [promiscum, 
Lat.] Mingled ; confused ; undistinguished. Mil 
ton. 
PROMISCUOUSLY, pro-mfs'-ku-us-le. ad. With 

confused mixture ; indiscriminately. Sandys. 
PROMI'SCUOUSNESS* pro-mfs'-ku-fis-nes. n. s. 

The state of being promiscuous. Ash. 
PRO'MISE ^prom'-m'fz. [prom'-mis, Sherida?i, Per- 
ry, Jones, Fulton and KnigM.'] n. s. [promissum, 
Lat.l Declaration of some benefit to be conferred. 
Shak. Performance of promise ; grant of the thing 1 
promised. Acts, xxiii. Hopes ; expectation. Sliak. 
To PRO'MISE, prom'-m?z. w. a. [promitto, Lat.] 
To make declaration of some benefit to be confer- 
red. 2 Pet. ii. To make declaration, even of ill. 
Bp. Fisher. 
To PRO'MISE, prom'-mlz. v. n. To assure one by 
a promise. Sliak. It is used of assurance, even of 
ill. Shak. To exhibit a prospect of good ; to excite 
hope : as, promising weather. 
PRO'MISEBREACH, prom'-mfz-bretsh. n. s. Vio- 
lation of promise. Shakspeare. Ok. J. 
PRO / MISEBREAKER. prom'-mfz-bra-kflr. n. s. 

Violator of promises. Slialcspeare. 
PRO'MISER, pr6m'-m5z-ur. 98. n. s. One who 

promises. B. Jonson. 
PRO'MISSORY, prom'-mls-sur-^. 512. a. [promts- 
sorius, Lat.] Containing profession of some benefit. 
Decay of Chr. Piety. Containing acknowledge- 



PRO 



PRO 



KT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pig- 



ment of a promise to be performed, or engagement 
fulfilled : as, a promissory note. 
PRO'MISSORILY, prdn/-mfs-sfir-e-le. ad. By way 

of promise. Brown. 
PRO MONT, prd-m'-m&nt. f „ . 

PROMONTORY, pr6m'-mun-tar-e. 557. $ 

[promontorium, Lat.] A headland: a cape ; high 
land jutting into the sea. Abbot. 
To PROMOTE §, pro-mote', v. a. [promoveo, pro- 
motus, Lat.] To forward ; to advance. Milton. 
To elevate; to exalt; to prefer. Numb. xxii. 
PROMOTER, pr6-m6te'-fir. n.s. [promoteur, Fr.] 
Advancer ; forwarder ; encourager. Glanvilie. 
Informer ; makebate. Tusser. 
PROMOTION, pro-mo'-sbfin. n. s. [Fr.] Advance- 
ment; encouragement 5 exaltation to some new 
honour or rank ; preferment. Milton. 
To PROMO VE, pro-mSov'. v. a. [promoveo, Lat.] 

To forward ; to advance 5 to promote. Suckling. 
PROMPTS, promt. 412. a. [Fr. ; promptvs, Lat.] 
Quick ; ready ; acute ; easy. Clarendon. Quick ; 
petulant. Dnjden. Ready without hesitation ; 
wanting no new motive. Prior. Ready; told 
down : as, prompt payment. Easy 3 unobstructed. 
Wotton. 
To PROMPT, promt, v. a. [prontare, Ital.] To as- 
sist by private instruction; to help at a ioss. As- 
cham. To dictate. Pope. To incite : to instigate. 
Sha/cspeare. To remind. Brown. 
PROMPTER, pr&m'-t&r. 98. n. s. One who helps a 
publick speaker, by suggesting the word to him 
when he falters. Sliakspeare. An admonisher ; a 
reminder. L'Estrange. 
PROMPTITUDE, pr6m'-le-tude. n. s. [Fr. ; 

vromy.tus, Lat.] Readiness ; quickness. Johnson. 
PRO'MPTLY. promt'-le. ad. Read'-ly ; quickly ; ex- 
peditiously. Bp. Taylor. 
PROMPTNESS, promt'-n^s. n.s. Readiness ; quick- 
ness; alacrity. South. 
PRO MPTUARY, prSm'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [promptu- 
arium, Lat.] A storehouse ; a repository ; a maga- 
zine. Bp. King. 
PRO'MPTURE, prom'-tshure. 468. n. s. Sugges- 
tion ; motion given by another ; instigation. Sliak . 
Ob. J. 
7\ PROMULGATE §, pr6-m&l'-gaie. v. a. [pro- 
vmlgo, Lat.] To publish ; to make known by open 
declaration. Spenser. 
PROMULGATION, prom-ut-ga'-shun. 530. n. s. 
[promulgatio, Lat.] Publication ; open exhibition. 
Hooker. 
PROMULGATOR, pr6m-6l-ga / -tur. 521. n.s. Pub- 
lisher ; open teacher. Decay of Christian Piety. 
To PROMU'LGE§, pro-mufje'. v. a. [promulgc, 
Lat.] To promulgate ; to publish ; to teach open 
ly. Atterbury. 
PROMU LGER, pro-mul'-jur. 9b. n. s. Publisher ; 

promulgator. Atterbury. 
PRONATION*, prd-na'-shun. n. s. [from prone.] 
The position of tne hand, in which the palm is turn- 
ed downward. Smith. 
PRONATOR, pro-na'-tur. n. s. A muscle of the 
radius that helps to turn the palm downwards 
Diet. 
PRONE §, prone, a. [old Fr. ; pronus, Lat.] Bend- 
ing downward ; not erect. Milton. Lying with 
the face downwards : contrary to supine. Brown. 
Precipitous; headlong; going downwards. Milton. 
Declivous; sloping. Blackmore. Inclined; pre- 
pense ; disposed. Hooker. 
PRO'NENESS, prone'-nes. n. s. The state of bend- 
ing downwards ; not erectness. Brown. The state 
of lying with the face downwards; not supineness. 
Descent ; declivity. Inclination ; propension ; dis- 
position to ill. Hooker. 
PRONG, prong, n. s. [prion, Icel. ; ppeon, Sax.] A 

fork. Sandys. 
PRO'NITY, pro'-ne-te. n. s. Proneness. More. 

Ob. J. 
PRONO / MINAL*,pr6-n6m / -e-nal. a. [pronominalis, 

Lat.] Having the nature of a pronoun. Lowth. 
PRO'NOUN, pro'-no&n. 313. n. s. [pronomen, Lat.] 



A word that is used instead of the proper name. 
Clarke 

To PRONOUNCES, pr6-n6unse'. 313. v. a. [pro- 
noncer, Fr. ; pronuncio, Lat.] To speak ; to utter. 
Jer. xxxvi. To utter solemnly ; to utter confident- 
ly. Jer. xxxiv. To form or articulate by the or- 
gans of speech. Milton. To utter rhetorically. 

To PRONOU'NCE, pro-ndiW. v. n. To speak 
with confidence or authority. Decay of Chr. Piety 

PRONOU'NCE* pro-nounse'. n. s. Declaration! 
Milton. Ob. T. 

PRONOUNCEABLE*, pr6-n6un'-sa-bl. a. [pro- 
nonqable, Fr.] That may be pronounced. Cot- 
grave. 

PRONOU'NCER, pro-n&iW-sur. 98. n. s. One 'who 
pronounces. Ayliffe. 

PRONUNCIATION, pro-nun-she-a'-shun. n. s. 
[projiunciatio, Lat.] The act or mode of utter- 
ance. Holder. That part of rhetorick which teaches 
to speak in publick with pleasing utterance and 
graceful gesture. 

§£f* There are few words more frequently mispronounced 
than this. A mere English scholar, who considers the 
verb to -pronounce as the root of it, cannot easily con- 
ceive why the is thrown out of the second syllable ; 
and, therefore, to correct the mistake, sounds the werd 
as if written pronmmciation. Those who are sufficient- 
ly learned to escape this errour, by understanding that 
the word comes to us either from the Latin pronuncia- 
tion or the French pronunciation, are very apt to fall 
into another, by sinking the first aspiration, and pro- 
nouncing the third syllable like the noun sea. But 
these speakers ought to take notice, that, throughout 
the whole language, c, s, and t, preceded by the accent, 
either primary or secondary, and followed by ea, ia, io, 
or any similar diphthong, always become aspirated, and 
are pronounced as if written she. Thus the very samo 
reasons that oblige us to pronounce partiality, propitia- 
tion, speciality, &c.,as if written parsheality, propish- 
eashun,spesheality,tk.c, oblige us to pronounce pronun- 
ciation as if written prnnunsheashun. — See Principles, 
No. 357, 450, 461, and the word Ecclesiastick. 

-But, though Mr. Sheridan avoids the vulgar errour of sink 
ing the aspiration, in my opinion he falls into one fully 
as exceptionable ; which is, that of pronouncing the 
word in four syllables, as if written pro-nun-sha-shun. 
I am grossly mistaken if correct speakers do not always 
pronounce this and similar words in the manner I have 
marked them : and, indeed, Mr. Sheridan himself seems 
dubious with respect to some of them ; for, though he 
pronounces glaciate, glaciation, association, &.c, gla- 
skate, gla-sha-shun, as-so-sha-shun, &c, yet he spells 
conglaciate, conglaciation, and consociation, — con-gla- 
syate, con-gla-sya-shun, con-so-sya-shun. — See Princi- 
ples, No. 542, 543. W. 

PRONU'NCIATIVE*, pr6-nun'-she-a-tlv. a. Utter- 
ing confidently ; dogmatical. Bacon. 

PROOF §, proof. 306. n.s. [ppop, Sax.] Evidence; 
testimony ; convincing token ; means of conviction. 
Hooker. Test; trial; experiment. Milton. Firm 
temper ; impenetrability. Shak. Armour hardened 
till it will abide a certain trial. Shak. [In print- 
ing.] The rough draught of a sheet when first 
pulled. 

PROOF, pr66f. a. Impenetrable ; able to resist. 
Sliakspeare. 

PROOFLESS, proof -lgs. a. Unproved ; wanting 
evidence. Boyle. 

To PROP§, pr6p. v. a. [proppen, Dutch.] To sup- 
port by placing something under or against. Mil- 
ton. To support by standing under or against. 
Creech. To sustain ; to support. Pope. 

PROP, prop. n. s. [proppe, Dutch.] A support ; a 
stay ; that on which any thing rests. Sliakspeare. 

PRO'PAGABLE, prop'-a-ga-bl. a. Such as may be 
spread ; such as may be continued by succession. 
Boyle. . , 

To PRO'PAGATE §, pr&p'-a-gate. 91. v. a. [ propa- 
go, Lat.] To continue or spread by generation or 
successive production. Milton. To extend ; to 
widen. Sliak. To carry on from place to place ; 
to promote. Locke. To increase; to promote. 
Dry den. To generate. Richardson. 

To PROPAGATE, prop'-a-gate. v.n. To have off- 
spring. Milton. 

730 



PRO 



PRO 



— no, move, ndr, n6t 5— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pSund ;— th'm, this. 



PROPAGATION, pr&p-a-gA'-shfin. n.s. [propaga- 
tio, Lat.] Continuance or diffusion by generation 
or successive production. Hooker. Increase ; ex- 
tension ; enlargement. South. 

PROPAGATOR, prop'-d-ga-tflr. 521. n. s. One 
who continues by successive production. A spread- 
er ; a promoter. Addison. 

ToPROPE'L, pro-pel', v. a. [propello, Lat.] To 
drive forward. Harvey. 

To PROPE'ND$, pro-pgnd'. v. n. [propendo, Lat.] 
To incline to any part ; to be disposed in favour of 
any thing. Sha/cspeare. 

PROPE'NDENCY, pro-peV-dSn-se. n. s. Inclina- 
tion or tendency of desire to any thing, [propendo, 
Lat. to weigh.] Preconsideration j attentive delib- 
eration ; perpendency. Hale. 

PROPE NSE, pro-p&ise'. a. [propensns, Lat.] In- 
clined ; disposed. Hooker. 

PROPE'NSENESS*, pro-pense'-nSs. n. s. Natural 
tendency. Donne. 

PROPE'NSION, prO-pen'-shun. ) n. s. [propensio, 

PROPENSITY, pro-pen'-se-te. \ Lat.] Moral in- 
clination 5 disposition to any thing, good or bad. 
South. Natural tendency. Dighy. 

PRO'PER§,pr6p'-p&r. 98. a. [propre,Fr. ;proprius, 
Lat.] Peculiar ; not belonging to more ; not com- 
mon. Hooker. Noting an individual. Watts. 
One's own. Shak. Natural ; original. Milton. 
Fit ; accommodated ; adapted ; suitable ; qualifi- 
ed. Dryden. Exact; accurate ; just. Not figura- 
tive. Burnet. It seems in Shalcspeare tc signify 
mere; pure. [ propre, Fr.] Elegant; pretty. Heb. 
xi. Tall ; lusty ; handsome with bulk ; well-made ; 
good-looking; personable. Shakspeare. 

To PROPER ATE §*, pr6p'-pfir-ate. v. a. [propero, 
Lat.] To hasten. Cockeram. 

PROPERA'TION*, prop-p&r-a'-shtm. n.s. [prop- 
eratio, Lat.] The act of hastening; the act of mak- 
ing haste. Bailey. 

PROPERLY, pr6p'-p&r-le. arf. Fitly; suitably; in 
a strict sense. Milton. 

PRO'PERNESS, prop'-pur-nes. n.s. The quality 
of being proper. Talness. 

PROPERTY, prop'-pur-te. n. s. Peculiar quality. 
Hooker. Quality; disposition. South. Right of 
possession. Locke. Possession held in one s own 
right. Dryden. The thing possessed. Nearness 
or right. Sfuik. Some article required in a play 
for the actors; something appropriate to the char- 
acter played. Shak. — Property, for propriety. Any 
thing peculiarly adapted. Camden. 

To PROTERTY, prop'-pur-te. v. a. To invest with 
qualities. Shak. To seize or retain as something 
owned ; to appropriate ; to hold. Shakspeare. 

PRO'PHASIS, pr&P-fa-sfs. n. s. [vpiQacis.] [In 
medicine.] A foreknowledge of diseases. 

PRO'PHECY$, pr6F-fe-se. 499. n. s. [irpo^rfa.] A 
declaration of something to come ; prediction. 
Shalcspeare. 

PRO'PHESIER, pr&P-fe-sl-ur. n.s. One who proph- 
esies. Shakspeare. 

To PRO'PHESY, prof-le-sl. 499. v. a. To predict ; 
to foretell ; to prognosticate. 1 Kings. To fore- 
show. Shakspeare. 

To PRO'PHESY, pr&f'-fe-si. v. n. To utter predic- 
tions. Shakspeare. To preach : a scriptural sense. 
Ezekiel. 

PRO'PHETS, pr&f-fet. 99. n.s. [prophete, Fr. ; 
rpo^j/nyj, Gr.] One who telis future events ; a pre- 
dicter ; a foreteller. Shakspeare. One of the sa- 
cre-'i writers empowered by God to display futurity. 
Shaksjyeare. 

PRO'PHETESS, prof-fel-tes. n.s. [proplietesse, 
Fr.] A woman that foretells future events. Shak. 

PRO'PHETLIKE*, prcf-fet4lke. a. Like a proph- 
et. Shakspeare. 

PROPHE'TlCAL, pr6-fet'-te-kal. )a. [prophet- 

PROPHE'TICK, pr6-f ei'-i?k. 509. ] ique, Fr.] 
Foreseeing or foretelling fuuire events. Bacon. 

PROPHE'TICALLY, pro-fet'-te-kal-e. ad. With 
knowledge of futurity ; in manner of a prophecy. 
Hammond. 



To PRO'PHETIZE, pr6f-feutlze. v. n. [propheti- 
ser, Fr.] To give predictions. Daniel. Ob. f. 

PROPIIYLA'OTICAL*, pr6f-e-lak'-te-kal ) 

PIUMMIYLA'CTICK, pr6f-e-lak'-tfk. 530. \ a - 
[irpo&vXaKTtKbs.] Preventive; preservative. Fer- 
ranaL 

PROPHYLA'CTICK*, pr6f-e-lak'-tlk. n. s. A pre- 
ventive ; a preservative. Sir W. Fordyce. 

PROPINA'TJON*, pr&p-e-na'-shun. n. s. [propina- 
lio, Lat.] The act of delivering a cup, after having 
drunk part of its contents, to another person ; the 
act of pledging. Potter. 

ToPROPI'NEV, pro-pine', v. a. [propino, Lat.] 
To offer in kindness, as when we drink to anyone, 
and present the cup to .him, to drink after us. 
Clmncer. To expose. Fothcrby. Ob. T. 

To PROPI'NQUATE$*, pr6-ping'-kwate. v. n. 
[propinquo, Lat.] To approach ; to draw near to 
Cockeram. 

PROPI'NQUITY, pr6-pfng'-kwe-te. n. s. [propin- 
quitas, Lat.] Nearness; proximity; neighbour- 
hood. Ray. Nearness of time. Brown. Kmdred; 
nearness of blood. Shakspeare. 

PROPI'TIABLE, pr6-p?sh'-e-a-bl. a. Such as may 
be induced to favour ; such as may be made pro- 
pitious. Cockeram. 

To PROPI'TIATE §, pro-pish'-e-ate. 542. v. a. [pro- 
pitio, Lat.] To induce to favour; to gain; to con- 
ciliate ; to make propitious. Waller. 

To PROPI'TIATE*, pr6-p'fsh'-e-ate. v.n. To make 
atonement. Young. 

PROPITIATION, prc-plsb-e-i'-shun. n. s. [pro. 



pdciation, Fr.] The act of making propitious. The 

; the offering- by which 
obtained. 1 John. 



atonement ; the offering by which propitiousness is 



PROPITIATOR, pro-pfsh'-e-a-tur. 521. n. s. One 
that propitiates. Sherwood. 

PROPITIATORY, pr6-p5sh'-e-a-tur-e. a. [propici- 
atoire, Fr.] Having the power to make propitious. 
Abp. Cranmer. 

PROPI'TIATORY*, pr6-pish'-e-a-tur-e. n. s. The 
mercy-seat ; the covering of the ark in the temple 
of the Jews. Pearson. 

PROPITIOUS, pr6-p]sh'-us. 292. a. [propitius, 
Lat.] Favourable; kind. Spenser. 

PROPITIOUSLY, pro-p'fsh'-us-le.atf. Favourably j 
kindly. Roscommon. 

PROPI'TIOUSNESS, pro-pish '-us-nSs. n. s. Fa- 
vourableness; kindness. Temple. 

PRO'PLASM, pr6'-plazm. n. s. [vpd and n-XaV//a.] 
Mould ; matrix. Woodward. 

PROPLA'STICE, pro-plas'-tls. n. s. [npo^aan^.] 
The art of making moulds for casting. 

PRO'POLIS*, pr&p'-6-lfs. n. s. [Lat.] A glutinous 
substance, with which bees close the holes and 
crannies of their hives. 

PROPO'NENT, pr6-p6'-nent. 503. n. s. [proponent, 
Lat.] One that makes a proposal, or lays down a 
position. Dryden. 

PROPORTION $, pr6-p6r'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; prapor- 
tio, Lat.] Comparative relation of one thing to an 
other; notion resulting from comparing two. ratios, 
and finding them similar. Raleigh. Settled rela- 
tion of comparative quantity; equal degree. Locke. 
Harmonick degree. Milton. Symmetry ; adapta- 
tion of one to another. Hooker. Form ; size. Davies. 

To PROPO'RTION, pr6-p6r'-shftn. 71. a. [propor- 
tionner, Fr.] To adjust by comparative relation. 
Milton. To form symmetrically. Sidney. 

PROPO'RTIONABLE, pro- P 6r'-shun-a-bl. a. Ad- 
justed by comparative relation; such as is fit. Til- 
lotson. 

PROPO'RTIONABLENESS*, pr6-p6r'-sh5n-a-bl- 
n£s. n. s. Slate or quality of being proportionable. 
Hammond. 

PROPO'RTION ABLY, pr6-p6r'-sh5n-a-ble. ad. Ac- 
cording to proportion; according to comparative 
relation. Wisdom, xiii; 

PROPORTIONAL, pro-por'-shun-al. a. [propor ■ 
tionnel, Fr.] Having a settled comparative relation 5 
having a certain degree of any quality compared 
with something else. Cocker. 
731 



PRO PRO 




RT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 





PROPORTIONA LITY, prd-p6r-shfin-al'-e-te. ji.s. 

The quality of being proportional. Grew. 
PROPORTIONALLY, pr6-p6r'-shun-al-le. ad. In 

a stated degree. Newton. 
PROPORTIONATE, pro-por'-shfin-at. 91. a. Ad- 
justed to something else, according to a certain 
rate or comparative relation. Grew. 
To PROPORTIONATE, pro-pir'-shfin-ate. 91. 
v. a. To adjust according to settled rales to some- 
thing else. More. 
PROPORTIONATELY*, pro^r'-shun-at-le. ad. 
In a manner adjusted to something else, according 
to a certain rate or comparative relation. Pearson. 
PROPO'RTIONATENESS, pr6-p6r / -shfin-at-n§s. 
n. s. The state of being by comparison adjusted. 
Hale. 
PROPO'RTIONLESS* pr6-p6r'-shun-les. a. Want- 
ing proportion or symmetry. Comment on Chaucer. 

PROPOSAL, pr6-p6'-zal. 88. n. s. Scheme or de- 
sign propounded to consideration or acceptance. 
Milton. Offer to the mind. South. 
To PROPOSER pro-poze'. v. a. [proposer, Fr. ; 
propono, Lat.] To offer to the consideration. Mil- 
ton. 
To PROPOSE, pri^ze'. v. n. [propos, Fr.] To 
converse. Sliahspeare. 

PROPOSE* pr6-p6ze'. n.s. Talk; discourse. Shak. 
Ob.T. 

PROPOSER, pr6- P 6 / -zur. 98. n. s. One that offers 
any thing to consideration. Locke. 

PROPOSITION, prop-6-z?sh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; pro- 
positi, Lat.] One of the three parts of a regular | 
argument. White. A sentence in which any thing i 
is affirmed or decreed. Hammond. Proposal ; of- 
fer of terms. Clarendon. 

PROPOSI'TIONAL, prop-i-zfsh'-fin-al. <*• Consid- j 
ered as a proposition. Watts. 

To PROPOUNDS, pr6-p6und'. 313. v. a. [propono, 
Lat.] To offer to consideration ; to propose. Dan- 
iel. To offer ; to exhibit. Shakspeare. 

PROPOU'NDER^ro-pound'-ur. n.s. He that pro 
pounds ; he that oners ; proposer. Bp. Bancroft. 

PROPRIETARY, pri-prl'-e-tar-e. n. s. [proprie 
taire, Fr.] Possessor in his own right. Bp. Hall. 

PROPRFETARY,pr6-prP-e-tar-e. a. Belonging to 
a certain owner. Grew. 

PROPRIETOR, pro-prl'-e-lur. 98. n. s. [proprius, 
Lat.] A possessor in his own right. Locke. 

PROPRIETRESS, pr6-prl'-e-tr&. n. s. A female 
possessor in her own right ; a mistress.L'.E,rfraw.o-e. 

PROPRIETY §, pri-prl'-e-te. n. s. [propnete 1 , Fr. ; 
proprietas, Lat.] Peculiarity of possession ; exclu- 
sive right. Bp. Hall. Accuracy; justness. Locke. 
Proper state. Shakspeare. 

PROPT, for propped, propt. 359. Sustained by some 
prop. Pope. 

ToPROPU / GN§,pr6-pune'. 385. v. a. [propugno, 
Lat.] To defend ; to vindicate ; to contend for. 
Hammond. 

£5= This word and its compounds are exactly under the 
same predicament as impugn ; which see. W. 

PROPU'GNACLE*, pr6- P ag / -na-kl. n. s. [propug- 
n-aculum, Lat.] A fortress. Hmvell. Ob. T. 

PROPUGNA'TION, prd-pfig-na'-shun. 530. n. s. 
[propugnatio, Lat.] Defence. Shakspeare. 

PROPU'GNER.pro-prV-nur. 386. n. s. A defender. 
Government of tlve Tongue. 

PROPULSA'TION*, pr6-pul-sa'-sbun. n. s. [pro- 
pulsatio, Lat.] The act of repelling or driving 
away; the act of keeping at a distance. Bp. Hall 

To PROPUESE §*, pi-6-pulse'. v. a. [propulso, Lat.] 
To keep off; to drive away ; to repel. Coto-rave 
Ob. T. & ' 

PROPUESION, pri-pul'-sh&n. n. s. [propulsus, 
Lat.] The act of driving forward. Bacon. 

PRORE, pr6rc. n.s. [prom, Lat.] The prow; the 
forepart of a ship. Pope. 

PROROGATION, pr6-r6-ga / -shun. n. s. [proro- 
gatio, Lat.] Continuance ; state of lengthening out 
in a distant time ; prolongation. South. Interrup- 
tion of the session of parliament by the regal au- 
thority. Swift. 



To PROROGUE, prd-rdg'. 337. v. a. [prorogo, 

Lat.] To protract; to prolong. Burton. To put 

off; to delay. South. To withhold the session of 

parliament to a distant time. Bacon. 

PRORU'PTION, prc-rup'-shun. n.s. [proruptus, 

Lat.] The act of bursting out. Brown. 
PROSATCK, pr6-za / -ik. 509. a. [prosaique, Fr.; 
prosaicus, Lat.] Belonging to prose ; resembling 
prose. Harris. 
PROSAL*, pr6'-zal. a. [prosa, Lat.] Prosaick. 

Sir T. Brown. Ob. T. 
To PROSCRIBES, pi^-skrlbe'. v. a. [proscribo, 
Lat.] To censure capitally ; to doom to destruction. 
Spenser. To interdict. Dryden. 
PROSCRFBER, pro-skri'-bur. 98. n. s. One that 

dooms to destruction. Dryden. 
PROSCRIPTION, prd-skrV-shun. n.s. [proscnp- 

tio, Lat.] Doom to death or confiscation. Shak. 
PROSCRFPTIVE*, pr6-skrip'-tiv. a. [proscriplus, 

Lat.] Proscribing. Burke. 
PROSE §, pr6ze. n. s. [prose, Fr. ; prosa, Lat.] Lan- 
guage not restrained to harmonick sounds or set 
number of syllables; discourse not metrical. Milton. 
A prayer of the Romish church, used only on par- 
ticular days. Harnutr. 
To PROSE*, pr6ze. v. n. To write prose. Milton. 

To make a tedious relation. Mason. 
To PROSECUTE §, pros'-se-kute. 444. v. a. [pros- 
ecutus, Lat.] To pursue ; to continue endeavours af- 
ter any thing. Shak. To continue; to carry on. 
Hayward. To proceed in consideration or disqui- 
sition of any thing. Hooker. To pursue by law ; 
to sue criminally. 
To PROSECUTE*, pr6s'-se-kute. v. n. To carry 

on a legal prosecution. Blackstone. 
PROSECUTION, pros-se-ku'-shun. n. s. Pursuit ; 
endeavour to carry on. South. Suit against a 
man in a criminal cause. Ketilewell. 
PROSECUTOR, pr6s'-se-ku-tur. 166, 521. n. s. 
One that carries on any thing ; a pursuer of any 
purpose; one who pursues another by law in a 
criminal cause. Sir E. Sandys. 
PROSELYTES, pros'-se-lhe. n. s. Opo^Wo?.] 
A convert ; one brought over to a new opinion in 
religion. St. Matt, xxiii. One brought over to any 
new opinion. Cleaveland. 
To PROSELYTE, pros'-se-llte. v. a. To convert. 

More. 
PROSELYTISM*, pros'-se-le-tfzm. n. s. Conver- 
sion. Hammond. Desire to make converts. Bp. 
Watson. 
To PROSELYTIZE* pros'-se-le-tlze. v. n. To 

make converts. L. Addison. 
To PROSELYTIZE*, pr6s'-se-le-tlze. v. a. To 

convert. Burke. 
PROSEMINA'TION, prb-sem-me-na'-shun. n. s. 

[proseminatus, Lat.] Propagation by seed. Hale. 
PROSER*, pr6 / -zfir. n. s. A writer of prose. Dray- 
ton. In cant language, one who makes a tiresome 
relation of uninteresting mailers. 
PROSOE-IAN, pri-s^-de-an. n.s. One skilled in 

metre or prosod}'. Broivn. 
PROSODFACAL f, pros-o-di-'-a-kal. ) u. Of, or re- 
PROSOEICAL*, prd-sod'-e-kul. \ lating to, 

prosody. Warton. 
PROSODIST*, pr6s / -6-dlst. n. s. One who under- 
stands prosody. Johnson. 
PROSODY §, pros'-so-de. 444, 503. n.s. [npoawSia.] 
The part of grammar which teaches the sound and 
quantity of syllables, and the measures of verse. 
B. Jonson. 
PROSOPOPOEIA, pros-si-pi-pe'-ya. n. s. [irpo- 
cwnoTToua.] Personification ; figure by which things 
are made persons. Dryden. 
PROSPECT §, pr&s'-pekt. n. s. [prospectus, Lat.] 
View of something distant. Milton. Place which 
affords an extended view. Milton. Series of ob- 
jects open to the eye. Addison. Object of view. 
Denham. View delineated; a picturesque repre- 
sentation of a landscape. Reynolds. View into fu- 
turity : opposed to retrospect. Locke. Regard to 
something future. Tillotson. 
732 



PRO 



PRO 



■n6, m5ve, ndr, nAt 3— tube, tub, bull ;— -dll ;— pd&nd;— tfnn, THi 



[ prospectus. 
Act of 



To PROSPECT, prds'-pekt. v. 

Lat. ]To look forward, hict 
PROSPECTION*, pro-spck'-shnn. n. 

looking- forward, or providing-. Paleu. 
PROSPECTIVE, pro-spgk'-tiv. a. Viewing at a 

distance. Milton. Acting with foresight. Child. 
PROSPECTUS*, pro-spek'-t&s. n.l [Lat.] The 
plan proposed of a literary work, usually contain- 
ing a specimen of it. Geddes. 
To PROSPER $, pr&s'-pur. 98. v. a. [prospero, Lat.] 
f To make happy ; to favour. Dryden. 
To PROSPER, prds'-pfir. v. n. [prosperer, Fr.] To 
be prosperous j to be successful. Isaia/i. To thrive} 
to come forward. Bacon. 
PROSPERITY, pr6s-per / -e-te. n. s. [prosperity, 
Lat. ; prosperity, Fr.] Success ; attainment of wish- 
es ; good fortune. Hooker. 
PROSPEROUS, pr6s'-pur-us. 314. a. [prosperus, 

Lat.] Successful 5 fortunate. Milton. 
PROSPEROUSLY, pros' -pur-us-le. ad. Success- 

fullv ; forlunatelv. Bacon. 
PRO SPEROUSNESS, pros' -pur-fis-ngs. n. s. Pros- 
perity. 
PROSPICIENCE, pr6-spish'-e-ense. 542. n. s 

[prospicio. Lat.] The act of looking forward. 
PROSTERNA'TION, prds-t3r-na'-shftn. 71. s. [pros 

temo, Lai.] Dejection ; depression. Feltham. 
PROSTETHIS, prds'-te-tfk n. s. [>p o <m,0fr.] [In 
surgery.] That which fills up what is wanting, as 
when fistulous ulcers are filled up with flesh. Diet. 
To PROSTITUTE $, pr6s'-te-lute. v. a. [prostihw, 
Lat.] To sell to wickedness ; to expose to crimes 
for a reward. Lev. xix. To expose upon vile 
terms. Tillotson. 
PROSTITUTE, pr6s'-te-tute. a. [prostitutus, Lat.] 
Vicious for hire; sold to infamy or wickedness; 
sold to whoredom; vile. B. Jonson. 
PROSTITUTE, pr&s'-te-tute. n. s. A hireling ; a 
mercenary ; one who is set to sale. Dryden. [pros- 
tibulum, Lat.] A publick strumpet. Dryden. 
PROSTITUTION, pr&s-te-tu'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of setting to sale; the state of being set to sale. 
The life of a publick strumpet. Addison. 
PROSTITUTOR*, pr6s'-te-tu-tur. n.s. One who 

abuses, disgraces, or vilifies. Hard. 
PROSTRATES, pr&s'-trat. 91. a. [prostratus, Lat.] 
Lying at length. Sidney. Lying at mercy. Shak. 
Thrown down in humblest adoration. Hooker. 
To PROSTRATE, prds'-trate. 91. v.a. To lay flat; 
to throw down. Hayward. [se prosterner, Fr.] To 
throw down in adoration. Duppa. 
PROSTRATION, pr&s-tra'-shfin. n. s. The act of 
falling down in adoration. Brown. Dejection; 
depression. Arbuthnot. 
PRO STYLE, pro'-stile. n. s. [prostyle, Fr.; izpoarv 
X05, Gr.] A building that has only pillars in the 
front. Diet. 
PROSY'LLOGISM, P r6-sll'-l6-j?zm. n.s. A prosy l- 
logism is when two or more syllogisms are so con- 
nected together, that the conclusion of the former 
is the major or the minor of the following; . Watts. 
PROTACTlCKf, pr6-tak'-tfk. a. Protactkk per- 
sons in plays are those who give a narrative or ex- 
planation of the piece. 
PROTASIS, pro-ta'-sls. 503. n.s. [irndrams.] A 
maxim or proposition. Bp. Morton. In the ancient 
drama, the first part of a comedy or tragedy that 
explains the argument of the piece. B. Jonson. 
PROTA'TICK, pro-tat'-ik. a. [noorariKos.] Previous. 

Dryden. 
To PROTECTS, pr6-tekt'. v.a. [protectns, Lat] 

To defend; to cover from evil; to shield. Milton. 
PROTECTION, pr6-tek'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Defence; 
shelter from evil. Shak. A passport; exemption 
from being molested. Kettlewell. 
PROTECTIVE, P r6-tek'-tJv. 512. a. Defensive ; 

sheltering. Feltham. 
PROTECTOR, prd-tek'-tfir. 98. n.s. [p-otecteur, 
Fr.] Defender ; shelterer ; supporter ; one who 
shields from evil ; guardian. Waller. An officer 
who had heretofore the care of the kingdom in the 
king's minority. Shakspeare. 



PROTECTORATE*, P r6-tek'-t6-rate. n.s. Gov- 
ernment by a protector. Walpole. 
PROTECTORSHIP*, pro-tek'-tflr-ship. n. s. Of- 
fice of a protector. Bwnet. 
PROTE'CTRESS, pro-tek'-tres. n. s. [protecti-ice, 

Fr.] A woman that protects. Barm 
To PROTENDS, pro-tend', v.a. [protendo, Lat.] 

To hold out ; to stretch forth. Dryden. 
PROTE'NSE*, pro-tense'. n. s. [protendo, Lat.] 

Extension. Spenser. Ob. T. 
PROTE'RVITY, pro-ter'-ve-te. n. s. [protervitas, 

Lat.] Peevishness ; petulance. Bullokar. 
To PROTESTS, pro-lgst'. 492. v.n. [protestor, 
Lat.l To give a solemn declaration of opinion or 
resolution. Shakspeare. 
To PROTEST, pro-test'. t». a. To prove ; to show ; 
tojrive evidence of. Sliak. To call as a witness. Milt. 
PROTEST, pr6-test'. or pr6t'-est. 492. [pro'-test, 
Jones ; pri-test', Fulton and Knight.] n. s. A sol- 
emn declaration of opinion commonly against 
something : as, The lords published a protest. [In 
commercial law.] A notification written upon a 
copy of a bill of exchange for its non-payment or 
non-acceptance. Blackstone. 
#jT The first pronunciation of this word is adopted by- 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Smith, Mr. 
Perry, Buchanan, Barclay, Bailey, and Fenning; and the 
second by Mr. Nares, Dr. Ash, Dr. Johnson, and Entick. 
As this substantive was derived from the verb, it had 
formerly the accent of the verb ; and that this accent 
was the most prevailing, appears from the majority of 
authorities in its favour. But the respectable authori- 
ties for the second pronunciation, and the pretence of 
distinguishing it from the verb, may very probably 
establish it, to the detriment of the sound of the lan- 
guage, without any advantage to its signification. — See 
Bowl. W. 

PROTESTANT, pr&t'-tgs-tant. a. Belonging to 
Protestants. Addison. 

PRO'TESTANT, pr6t'-u?s-tant. n. s. [protestant, Fr.] 
One of those who adhere to them, who, at the be- 
ginning of the Reformation, protested against the 
errours of the church of Rome. K. Charles. 

PROTESTANTISM* prot'-tes-tan-tfzm. n. s. The 
Protestant religion. South. 

PRO'TESTANTLY*, prot'-tes-tant-le. ad. In con- 
formity to Protestants. Milton. 

PROTESTATION, pr&t-lgs-ta'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] A 
solemn declaration of resolution, fact, or opinion, 
Hooker. 

PROTESTER, pr6-test'-ur. 98. n. s. One who 
protests; one who utters a solemn declaraiion. At- 
terbunj. 

PROTEUS*, pr^-te-fis. n. s. [Lat.] One who 
assumes any shape : from Proteus, a marine deity 
of the heathens, who was said to appear in various 
forms. Maundrell. 

PROTHO'NOTARY S, pro-*/t&n'-n6-tar-£. 518. n. s. 
[protonotarius, Lat.] The head register. Brere- 
icood. 

PROTHONOTA RISHIP, pr6-tft6n'-n6-tar-re-shlp, 
518. n. s. The office or dignity of the principal reg- 
ister. Carew. 

PROTOCOL, pro'-t6-kol. n. s. [i: 9 utoko\\ov, from 
rpw-os and Koih).] The original copy of any writ- 
ing. Ayliffe. 

PROTOMARTYR, pr6-t6-mai'-tur. n. s. [rrpwros 
and udprvo.] The first martyr. A term applied to 
St. Stephen. Bp. Hall. Any one who suffers first 
in a cause. Dryden. 

PROTOPLAST S, pr6;-t6-plast. n. s. [*pw™s and 
Tr\aoTos.] Original ; thing first formed as a copy to 



be followed aiterwards. Howell. 

PROTOPLASTICK* pr6-t6-plas'-tlk. a. First 
formed. Howell. 

PROTOTYPE, proMo-tlpe. n. s. [irpuTdrvtvov.] The 
original of a copy ; exemplar ; archetype. Wotlon. 

To PROTRACT §, pro-trakt'. v. a. [protradus, 
Lat.] To draw out; to delay; to lengthen; to spin 
to length. Knolles. 

PROTRACT, pro-trakt'. n. s. Tedious continu- 
ance. Spenser. 

PROTRACTER, pro-trak'-tur. n. s. One who draws 
733 



PRO 



PRO 



\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— 



out any thing to tedious length. A mathematical 
instrument for taking and measuring angles. 

PROTRA'CTION, pr6-trak'-shun. n. s. The act of 
drawing to length.- Daniel. 

PROTRA'CTIVE, pro-trak'-tlv. a. Dilatory ; delay- 
ing ; spinning to length. Shakspeare. 

PROTRA'CTOR*, pro-lrak'-t&r. n. s. A prolonger; 
a delayer. Cotgrave. 

PROTRE'PTICAL, pro-trep'-te-kal. a. [irporpeTm- 
k&s J Hortatory ; suasory. Ward. 

To PROTRUDE §, pr6-lrude'. v. a. [protrudo, 
Lat.] Tp thrust forward. Locke. 

To PROTRU'DE, pro-trude'. w n. To thrust itself 
forward. Bacon. 

PROTRUSION, pr6-tr56'-zhun. n. s. [protrusus, 
Lat.] The act of thrusting forward j thrust 5 push. 
Brown. 

PROTRUSIVE*, pr6-troo'-siv. a. Thrusting or 
pushing forward. 

PROTUBERANCE, pr6-uV-ber-anse. n.s. [protu- 
bero, Lat.] Something swelling above the rest; 
orominence ; tumour. Hale. 

PROTU'BERANT, pr6-uV-ber-ant. a. Swelling; 
prominent. Glanvilk. 

To PROTU'BERATE, pri-tu'-bgr-ate. v. n. [pro- 
tubero, Lat.] To swell forward ; to swell out be- 
yond the parts adjacent. Sharp. 

PROTUBERA'TION*, pro-tu-ber-a'-shfin. n.s. Act 
of swelling out beyond the parts adjacent. Cooke. 

PROTU'BEROUS* pr6-tu'-ber-us. a. Protuberant. 
Smith. Ob. T. 

PROUD §-, prbhd. 313, a. [ppube, or ppufc. Sax.] 
Too much pleased with himself. Walts. Elated ; 
valuing himself. Whole Dutij of Man. Arrogant; 
haughty; impatient. Eccles. vii. Daring; pre- 
sumptuous. Job, xxvi. Lofty of mien ; grand of 
person. MUton. Grand ; lofty; splendid ; mag- 
nificent. Bacon. Ostentatious; specious; errand. 
Shak. Salacious ; eager for the male. Brown. 
Jppybe, Sax.] Fungous ; exuberant : as, " This 
eminence is composed of little points catted fungus, 
or proud flesh." Sfiarp. 

PRQ'UDLY, prMd'-le. ad. Arrogantly; ostenta- 
tiously ; in a proud manner. 1 Sam. ii. With lofti- 
ness of mien. Milton. 

PRO'VABLE, prodv'-a-bl. a. That may be proved. 
Chaucer. 

PRG'VABLY*, pr6oV-a-ble. ad. In a manner ca- 
pable of proof. Huloet. 

PRO'VAND*, pr&v'-and. n. s. Provender ; provision. 

To PROVES, pr66v. 164. v. a. [prover, old Fr. ; 
proho, Lat.] To evince; to show by argument or 
testimony. Milton. To try ; to bring to the test. 
1 Thess. v. To experience. Milton. To endure ; 
to try by suffering or encountering. Shak. To pub- 
lish, according to the law of testaments, before the 
proper officer. Spelman. 

To PROVE, prdov. v. n. To make trial. Bacon. To 
be found by experience. Bacon. To succeed. Ba- 
con. To be found in the event. Milton. 

PRO'VEABLE, pro3v'-a-bl. See Provable. 

PROVETnTOR, pr6-ved ; -e-tur. ) n. s. [proveditore, 

PROVEDO'RE, pr&v-ve dore'. \ Ital.] One who 
undertakes to procure supplies or provisions. Bp. 
Taylor. 

PROVINCIAL*, pro-ven'-shal. a. [Provencal, Fr.] 
Of, or belonging to, Provence in France. Percy. 

PRO'VENDER, prov'-ven-dur. n. s: [provande, 
Dutch ; prorende, Fr.] Dry food for brutes ; hay 
and corn. Tusser. 

PRO'VER*, pr65v'-&r. n. s. One who shows by ar- 
gument or testimor.y. Shakspeare. 

PRO 7 VERBS, pr&V-verb. n. s. [proverbe, Fr.; pro- 
txrbiam, Lat.] A short sentence frequently repeat- 
ed by the people; a saw; an adage. Bacon. A 
word ; a by-word ; a name or observation com- 
monly received or uttered. Tob. iii. 
To PRO'VERB*, prov'-verb. v. n. To utter proverbs. 

Milton. 
To PRO'VERB, prov'-verb. c. a. To speak prover- 
bially. Chaucer. To mention in a proverb. Milton. 
To provide with a proverb. Shakspeare. 



PROVE'RBIAL, pr6-ver'-be-al. a. [Fr.] Mention- 
ed in a proverb. Temple. Resembling a proverb ; 
suitable to a proverb. Brown. Comprised in a 
proverb. Pope. 

PROVE'RBIALLY, pro-veV-be-al-le. ad. In a pro- 
verb. Brown. 

To PROVIDE §, pr6-vlde'. v. a. [provideo, Lat.] 
To procure beforehand ; to get ready ; to prepare. 
Gen. xxii. To furnish; to supply. Milton. To 
stipulate; to make a conditional limitation. To 
treasure up for some future occasion. Dryden. To 
foresee : a Latinism. B. Jonson. — To provide 
against. To take measures for counteracting or 
escaping any ill. Hale. To provide for. To take, 
care of beforehand. Hooker. 

PROVIDED that, pro-vl'-dgd. Upon these terms ; 
this stipulation being made. Sliakspeare. 

PRO'VlDENCE§,pr6v'-ve-dense. 533. n. s. [Fr. ; 
providentia, Lat.] Foresight ; timely care ; forecast ; 
the act of providing. Sir T. Elyot. The care of 
God over created beings ; divine superintendence. 
Hooker. Prudence ; frugality ; reasonable and 
moderate care of expense. Dryden. 

PRO VIDENT, prdv'-ve-d£nt. a. [providens, Lat.] 
Forecasting ; cautious ; prudent with respect to fu- 
turity. Shakspeare. 

PROVIDENTIAL, pr&v-ve-den' : shal. a. Effected 
by providence ; referable to providence. Bume. 

PROVIDENTIALLY, prov-ve-den'-shal-e.a,/. By 
the care of providence. Ray. 

PRO VIDENTLY, pr6v'-ve-dent-le. ad. With fore- 
sight; with wise precaution. Boyle. 

PROVI'DER, pro-vl'-dQr. 98. n.s. One who pro- 
vides or procures. Sliakspeare. 

PRO'VINCE §, prov'-vinse. n.s. [Fr. ; provincia, 
Lat.] A conquered country ; a country governed 
by a delegate. Sliak. The proper office or business 
of any one. Otway, A region ; a tract. Milton. 
The tract over which the ecclesiastical jurisdiction 
of the archbishop of Canterbury, and the archbish- 
op of York, extends. Const, arid Canons Eccl. 

PROVINCIAL, pro-vin'-shal. a. [Fr.] Relating to 
a province. Shak. Appendant to the principal 
country. Brown. Not oflhe mother country ; rude; 
unpolished. Dryden. Belonging only to an arch- 
bishop's jurisdiction ; not oecumenical. Ayliffe. 

PROVINCIAL, pro-vln'-shal. n.s. A spiritual gov- 
ernour. Stilling fleet. One belonging to a province. 
Burke. 

PROVINCIALISM*, pr6-vln / -shal-?sm. n. s. Man- 
ner of speaking peculiar to a certain district of a 
country. Bp. of Llandaff, (Marsh.) 

PROVINCIALITY*, pr6-v?n-she-al'-e-te. n. s. Pe- 
culiarity of provincial language. Warton. 

To PROVINCIATE, pr6-vfn'-she-ate. v. a. To turn 
to a province. Howell. Ob. J. 

To PROVlNE, pr6-vlne'. v. n. [provigner, Fr.] To 
lay a stock or branch of a vine, or any other tree, 
in the ground, to take root for more increase. 

PROVISION §, pri-vlzli'-fln. n. s. [Fr. ; provisio 
Lat.] The act of providing beforehand. Sidney. 
Measures taken beforehand. Bacon. Accumula- 
tion of stores beforehand; stock collected. Knolles. 
Victuals ; food ; provender. Clarendon. Terms 
settled ; care taken. Davies. 

To PROVISION* pr6-vizh'-un. v. a. To supply 
with provisions. 

PROVISIONAL. pr6-v?zh'-un-al. a. [provisioned 
Fr.] Temporarily established; provided for pres- 
ent need. Ayliffe. 

PROVISIONALLY, pro-vizh'-ftn-al-le. ad. By way 
of provision. Locke. 

PROVPSIONARY*, pro-vizh'-un-a-re. a. Making 
provision for the occasion. Burke. 

PROVTSO, pr6-vl/-zo. n.s. [Lat.] Stipulation; 
caution; provisional condition. Spenstr. 

PROVISOR*, pr6-vl'-sfir. n. s. [Lat. ; proviseur, 
Fr.] A purveyor. Cowel. One who sued to, and 
looked forward to, the court of Rome, for provis- 
ion : the practice of such persons was prohibited, 
42 Hen. III. Burke. 

PROVISORY*, pr6-vl'-s6-re. a. [provisoire, Fr.] 
734 



PRO 



PSA 



— nA, mAve, nAr, nAt ;— tAbe, tAb, bftll ;— 611 ;— pAAnd ;— tlrin, THis. 



Conditional ; implying a limitation ; including a 
proviso. Cotgrave. 

PROVOCATION, prAv-A-ka'-shftn. 530. n. s. [pro- 
vocatio, Lat.] An act or cause by which anger is 
raised. Bacon. An appeal to a judge. Ayliffe. 
Incitement. Hooker. 

PROVO'CATIVE, prA-vA'-ka-tlv. a. Stimulating; 
inciting. Carlwright. 

PROVO'CATIVE*, prA-vA'-ka-tlv. n. s. Any thing 
which revives a decayed or cloyed appetite. Ad- 
dison. 

PROVCKCATIVENESS, prA-vA'-ka-uVnes. n. s. 
The quality of being provocative. 

PROVO CATORY*, prA-vA'-ka-tAr-e. n. s. [provo- 
catoire, Fr.] A challenge. Cotgrave. 

To PROVOKE §, prA-vAke'. v. a. [provoco, Lat.] 
To rouse ; to excite by something" offensive ; to 
awake. Jer. xliv. To anger ; to enrage ; to offend ; 
to incense. Clarendon. To cause ; to promote. 
Arbuthnot. To challenge. Dryden. To induce 
by motive ; to move ; to incite. Burnet. 

To PROVO'KE, prA-vAke'. v. n. To appeal. Dry- 
den. To produce anger. Deut. xxxii. 

PROVO'KER, prA-vA'-kAr. n. s. One that raises an- 
ger. Gov. of the Tongue. Causer ; promoter. Shak. 

PROVO KINGLY, prA-vA'-king-le.410. ad. In such 
a manner as to raise anger. Decay o/Chr. Piety . 

PROVOST }, prAv'-vAst. n.s. [ppoparfc, Sax.; 
provost, Fr.] The cnief of any body : as, the pro- 
vost of a college. Fell. 

PROVOST, prA-vA'. n. s. The executioner of an ar- 
my. Hay ward. 

PRO'VOSTSHIP, prAv'-vAst-shfp. n. s. [pnoparfc- 
rcipe, Sax.] The office of a provost. Hakewill. 

PROW, prAfi, or prA. n. s. [proue, Fr. ; proa, Span.] 
The head or forepart of a ship. Peaclmm. 

{£?■ Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Smith, Mr. Per- 
ry, and Buchanan, are for the first pronunciation of 
this word, [also Jones, Fulton and Knight ;] and Mr. 
Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Bar- 
clay, for the second. When authorities are so nicely bal- 
anced, analogy ought to decide ; and this is clearly for 
the first pronunciation. See Principles, No. 323. W. 

PROW §, prAti, or prA. a. [preux, old Fr.] Valiant. 
Spenser. 

PRO'WESS, prAA'-es, or prA'-?s. n. s. [prouesse, 
Fr.] Bravery ; valour ; military gallantry. Sidney. 

05= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, 
and Perry, adopt the first sound of this word ; and Mr. 
Nares, only, the second : here, too, analogy must decide 
for the first. See Principles, No. 323. W. 

PRO'WEST, prAA'-est, or prA'-est. a. Bravest; 
most valiant. Spenser. 

To PROWL §, prAAl, orprAle. v. a. [perhaps by cor- 
ruption from patrol.] To rove over. Sidney. To 
collect by plunder. Barrow. 

£5= This word, among many others composed of the 
diphthong o?o, is subject to a double pronunciation; 
the one rhyming with cowl, and the other with stroll. 
That the former is more agreeable to analogy, may be 
seen from the more numerous instances of this sound of 
the ow than of the other ; that the latter pronunciation, 
however, was very prevalent, may be gathered from the 
mode of spelling this word in Philips' Pastorals, edit. 
1748 ; Tonson and Draper : 
41 1 only, with the proling wolf, constraint 
" All night to wake : with hunger he is pain'd, 
" And I with love. His hunger he may tame ; 
" But. who can quench, O cruel Love t thy flame ?" 

The authorities for the first pronunciation are, Mr. Sher- 
idan, Mr. Smith, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, and W. John- 
ston, [also Jones, Fulton and Knight ;]and for the sec- 
ond, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Perry : and anal- 
ogy must decide as in the foregoing words. — See Prin- 
ciples, No. 325. W. 
To PROWL, prAul, or prAle. t>. n. To rove about in 
search of a thing ; to wander for prey; to prey ; to 
plunder. Chaucer. 
PROWL*, prAAl, or prAle. n. s. Ramble for plunder. 
PRO' WLER, prAAr-Ar. n. *. One that roves about 

for prey. Milton. 
PROXIMATE}, prAks'-e-mat. 91. a. [proximus, 
Lat.] Next in the series of ratiocination ; near and 
immediate, Burnet. 



PROXIMATELY, prAks'-e-mat-le. ad. Immedi- 
ately ; without intervention. Bentley. 

PROXIME, prAksMm. 140. a. ■[proximus, Lat,] 
Next; immediate. Watts. 

PROXI'MITY, prAks-W-A-te. n. s. [proximiti, Fr.] 
Nearness. Hay-ward. 

PRO'XY §,prAks'-e. n. s. [by contraction from pro- 
curacy.] The agency of another. The substitution 
of another ; the agency of a substitute. South. The 
person substituted or deputed. Kettlewell. 

PROXYSHIP*, prAks'-e-ship. n. s. Office of a 
proxy. Brevint. 

PRUCE, prAAs. n. s. [the old name for Prussia.] 
Prussian leather. Dryden. 

PRUDE$, prAAd. 339. n. s. [prude, Fr.} ppube, 
Sax.] A woman over-nice and scrupulous, and with 
false affectation. Toiler. 

PRU'DENCE, prAA'-dense. 339. n. s. [pmdence, Fr.; 
prudentia, Lat.] Wisdom applied to practice. Hale. 

PRU'DENT^prAA'-dent. a. [pruderd, Fr. >pruden$ T 
Lat.] Practically wise. Prov. xiv. Foreseeing by 
natural instinct. Milton. 

PRUDE NT1AL, prAA-den'-shal. a. Eligible on 
principles of prudence. South. 

PRUDENTIALS, prAA-den'-shalz. n. s. Maxims of 
prudence or practical wisdom. Watts. 

PRUDENTLVL1TY, prAA-den-she-al'-e-te. n. s. 
Eligibility on principles of prudence. Brown. 

PRUDE'NTIALLY, prAA-den'-shal-e. ad. Accord- 
ing to the rules of prudence. South. 

PRUDENTLY, prAA^-dent-lA. ad. Discreetly 5 ju- 
diciously. Bacon,. 

PRUDERY, prAAd'-er-e. n. 
conduct. Toiler. 

PRUDISH, prAAd'-ish. a. Affectedly grave. Gar- 
rick. 

To PRUNE $,prAAn. 339. v.a. [provigner,. or prou- 
igner, Fr.] To lop ; to divest trees of their supec- 
nuities. Davies. To clear from excrescences ; to 
trim. Bacon. 

To PRUNE, prAAn v. n. To dress ; to prink : a 
ludicrous word. Dryden. 

PRUNE, prAAn. 176. n.s. [prune, pruneau, Fr. j 
prunum, Lat.] A dried plum. Bacon. 

PRU'NEL, prAA'-nel. n. s. [prunella, Lat.] An herb, 
Ainsworth. 

PRUNE'LLO, prAA-nel'-lA. n. s. A kind of stuff of 
which the clergymen's gowns are made. Pops, 
[prunelle, FrJ A kind ofplum. Ainsworth. 

PRU'NER, prAon'-ftr. 98. n. s. One that crops trees 
DenJutm. 

PRUNITEROUS, prAA-nif-fer-fis. a. [prunum and 
few, Lat.] Plumbearing. 

PRU'NINGHOOK, prAAn'-ing-hAAk. ) n. s. A hook 

PRU'NINGKNIFE, prAAn'-fng-nlfe. $ or knife 



Overmuch nicety in 



used in lopping trees. Dryden. 



s. [prurio, 



PRU'RIENCE §, prAA'-re-Anse. ) n. 
PRU'RIENCY $, prAA'-rA-An-se. S Lat.] An itch' 

ing or a great desire or appetite to any thing 

Burke. 
PRU'RIENT, prAA'-rA-Ant. a. [pruriens, Lat.] Itch 

ing. Warton. 
PRURFGINOUS, prAA-r?dM?n-As. a. [prurigo, 

Lat.l Tending to an itch. Greenhill. 
PRURIGO*, vM-x\<-gb. n.s. [Lat.] Itch. Greg- 
ory. 
!ToPRY§, prl. v.n. [of unknown derivation.] To 

peep narrowly ; to inspect officiously, curiously, or 

impertinently. Shakspeare. 
PRY*, prl. n. s. Impertinent peeping. Smart. 
PRYINGLY*, prl'-?ng-lA. ad. With impertin. 

riosity. Biblioth. Bibl. 
PSALM $, sam. 78,403,412. n. s. [pralm, Sax., 

iLa\uos, Gr.] A holy song. Hooker. 
PSA'LMIST, sal'-mlst. 78, 403. n. s. [psalmiste, Fr.] 

Writer of holy songs. Addison. 
PSALMO'DICAL*, sal-mAd'-e-kal. )a. Relating to 
PSA'LMODICK*, sal'-mA-dfk. $ psalmody. 

Warton. 
PSA'LMODIST* sAl'-mA-dlst. n. s. One who sings 

holy songs. Hammond. 
PSALMODY, sal'-mA-dA. 403. n.s. [xLaXuuola.] 
735 J 



impertinent cu 



PUB 



PUE 



(Cp 559.— Fito, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin - r 



a. Of, or 
belon°- 



The act or practice of singing holy songs. Ham- 
mond. 
PS ALMO'GRAPHER* sal-m6g / -gra-far. n.s. [t//aX- 

ub$ and ypddxa.l A wrier of psalms. Loe. 
PSALMO'GRAPHY, sal-mog'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. 

The act of writing psalms. 
PSA'LTER, sawF-tfir. 412. n. s. [ Pr alfceji, Sax. ; 
psautier, Fr. ; x^akr/^iov- Gr.] The volume of 
psalms ; a psalm book. Coram. Prayer. 
PSA'LTERY, sawl'-tfir-e. 412. n. s. A kind of harp 

beaten with sticks. Shakspeare. 

PSEU DO, su'-do. 412. n. s. [qtv'cog.] A prefix, 

which, being put before words, signifies false or 

counterfeit : as, pseudo-apostle, a counterfeit apostle. 

PSEUDOGRAPH*, su'-dd-graf. )n. s. False 

PSE UROGRAPHY, su-d6g'-gra-fe. \ writing. 

Holder. 
$5= For the propriety of suppressing the^> in these words, 
see Pneumaticks. W. 

PSEUDOLOGY, su-d&l'-i-je. 518. n. s. tyevSolo- 

yla.] Falsehood of speech. Arbuthnot. 
PSHAW, shaw. 412. interj. [paec, paecan, Sax., pro- 
nounced pesh, pesha.] An expression of contempt. 
Spectator. 
PSO'AS*, s<V4s. n. s. \}p6a.] A name given to two 

muscles of the loins. 
PSO'RA*. so'-ra. n. s. [<k5o«.] The itch. 
PSYCHOLOGICAL*, sl-k6-lodje'-e-kal 
PS VCHOLO'GICK*, si-k6-l6dje / -lk. 
ing to, the study of the soul. Maty. 

PSYCHOLOGY*, sI-k6l'-6-je. 513. n. s. \$v X h and 
\6yos-] Treatise on the soul ; inquiry into the na- 
ture and properties of the soul. 

PSYCHOMACHY+, sl-k&m'-a-ke. 518. n.s. A con- 
flict of the soul with the body. 

PSYCHOMANCYf, sl'-k6-man-se. 519. n.s. Divi- 
nation by consulting the souls of the dead. 

PTA'RMIGAN*, tar'-me-gan. n.s. The white game. 
Pennant. 

P 1TSAN, tlz-zan'. 412. [tlz'-zan, Perry and Jones.] 
n. s. [ ptisane, Fr. ; irricaavfi, Gr.] A medical 
drink made of barley decocted with raisins and 
liquorice. Garth. 

PTOLEMA'ICK*, t&l-e-ma'-lk. a. Belonging to the 
system of Ptolemy, the astronomer; in which the 
earth is supposed to be fixed in the centre of the 
universe. Johnson. 

PTVALISM, tl'-a-lfzm. n. s. [irrveXicr/ios.] Saliva- 
lion. 

PTY SMAGOGUE, tiz'-ma 
and ayta.] 
Diet, 

PU/BERTY§, piV-ber-te. n. s. [pubertas, Lat.] The 
time of life in which the two sexes begin first to be 
acquainted. Bacon. 

PUBE'SCENCE, pu-bes'-sense. 510. n.s. [pubesco, 
Lat] The state of arriving at puberty. Brown. 

PUBESCENT, pu-bes'-sent. a. [pubescens, Lat.] 
Arriving at puberty. Brown. 

PU'BLICAN, pub'-Ie-kan. 88. n. s. [publicus, Lat.] 
A toll-gatherer. Matt. ix. A man that keeps a 
house of general entertainment. 

PUBLICATION, pfib-le-ka'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; pub- 
lico, Lat.] The act of publishing; the act of noti- 
fying to the world; divulgation; proclamation. 
Hooker. Edition ; the act of giving a book to the 
publick. Pope. 

PUBLICITY*, pfib-lfs'-se-te. n. s. [publiciti, Fr.] 
Notoriety. — Modern. 

PU'BLICKS, pab'-tfk. a. [publique, Fr.-, publicus, 
Lat.] Belonging to a state or nation ; not private. 
Hooker. Open; notorious; generally known. 
St. Matt. General ; done by many. Milton. Re- 
garding not private interest, but the good of the 
community. Clarendon. Open for general enter- 
tainment. Addison. 

PU'BLICK, pub'-llk. n. s. The general body of 
mankind, or of a state or nation ; the people. Open 
view ; general notice. Locke. 

PUBLICKLY, p&b'-llk-le. ad. In the name of the 
community. Addison. Openly; without conceal- 
ment Bacon. 



g&g. 519. n. s. [Vruo-utf 
A medicine which discharges spittle. 



PUBLICK-HEARTED*, p&bMlk-hart'-gd. a. Pub- 

hck-spirited. 
PUBLICK-MINDEDNESS*, pub'-lik-mind'-^d- 
nes. n. s. A disposition to regard the publick ad- 
vantage above private good. 
PUBLI'CKNESS, pfib'-lik-nes. n.s. State of belong- 
ing to the community. Boyle. Openness ; state of 
being generally known or publick. Hammond. 
PUBLICK-SPIRITED, puh-lik-splr'-lt-ed. a. Hav 
mg regard to the general advantage above private 
good. Dryden. 
PUBLICK-SPIRITEDNESS* pubMik-splr'-Jt- 
e'd-ngs. n. s. Regard to the general advantage 
above private good. Whitlock. 
To PUBLISH §,p%'-\hh. v.a. [publier, Fr. ; pub- 
lico, Lat.] To discover to mankind ; to make gen- 
erally and openly known. Hammond. To put lorth 
a book into the world. Digby. 
PUBLISHER, pub'-llsh-ur. n. s. One who makes 
publickly or generally known. Shakspeare. One 
who puts out a book into the world. Prior. 
PUCE*, puse. a. [puccius, Lat.] Of a dark brown 

colour. 
P UCE'LAGE, pu'-sel-adje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] A slate 

of virginity. Robinson. 

PUCK, puk. n. s. [puke, Icel. and Su. Goth.] Some 

sprite among the fairies, common in romances ; a 

sort of mischievous hobgoblin or sprite. Shak. 

PU'CKBALL, puk'-ball. }n.s. [from puck, the fairy.] 

PU'CKFIST*. puk'-flst. \ A kind of mushroom full 

of dust. B.Jonson. 
To PACKERS, pukMcfir. 98. v.a. [jwfc, saccus.] 
To gather into corrugations ; to contract into folds 
or plications. Junius. 
PUCKER*, puk'-kfir. n.s. Any thing gathered into 

a fold or plication. 
PU'DDER$, pud'-dur. 98. n.s. [fudur, Icelandic!:.] 
A tumult; a turbulent and irregular bustle. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
To PU DDER, pfid'-dfir. v. n. [from the noun.] To 
make a tumult ; to make a bustle ; to rake. Locke. 
To PUDDER, pfid'-dfir. v.a. To perplex; to dis- 
turb ; to confound. Locke. 
PUDDINGS, pud'-dlng. 174, 410. n.s. [boudin, 
Fr. ; puding, Swed.] A kind of food very various- 
ly compounded, butgenerally made of meal, milk, 
and eggs. Prior. The gut of an animal. Shak. 
A bowel stuffed with certain mixtures of meal and 
other ingredients. A proverbial name for victuals. 
Prior. 
PUDDING-GROSS, pfid'-dnig-grose. n. s. A plant. 
PUDDING-PIE, pud'-ding-pl. n.s. A pudding with 

meat baked in it. Hudibras. 
PUDDING-SLEEVE* pfid'-dlng-sleev. n. s. The 
sleeve of the present full-dress, clerical gown. 
Swift. 
PU'DDING-TIME, pud'-dfng-time. n. s. The time 
of dinner; the time at which pudding, anciently " 
the first dish, is set upon the table. Nick of time ; 
critical minute. Hudibras. 
PU y DDLE§, pud'-dl. 405. n. s. [puteolus, Lat. \pwl, 
Welsh.] A small, muddy lake; a dirty plash. Bp 
Hall. 
To PU'DDLE, pud'-dl. v. a. To muddy; to foul or 

pollute with dirt ; to mix dirt and water. Sidney. 
To PU'DDLE*, pud'-dl. v. n. To make a dirty s'tir. 

Junius. 
PU'DDLY, p&d'-dl-e. a. Muddy ; dirty ; miry. Ca- 

rew. 
PU'DDOCK, pfid'-d&k. ) n. s. [for paddock or par- 
PU'RROCK, piV-r6k. S rock.] A provincial word 

for a small enclosure. Diet. 
PU'DENCY, pu'-den-se. n. s. [pudens, Lat.] Mod- 
esty; shamefacedness. Shakspeare. 
PUDFCITY, pu-dls'-se-te. n.s. [pudicite 1 , Fr.; pu- 

dicitia, Lat.] Modesty ; chastity. Howell. 
PUF/FELLOW. See Pewfellow. 
PU/ERILE^pu'-e-ril. 145. a. [puerilis, Lat.] Child- 
ish ; boyish. Pope. 
PUERPLITY, pu-e-rll'-e-te. n. s. [puerilitd, Fr. j 
puerilitas, Lat.] Childishness; boyishness. Brown. 
PUE'RPERAL*, pu-eV-pe-ral. a. [puer and pario, 
736 






PUI 



PUL 



— 116, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub. bull ;— oil ;— pdund ;— th'm, THis. 



Lat.] Relating to child-birth : as, the puerperal li- 
ver. Formerly ptterperial. Beaumont. 

PUET, pu'-lt. 99. n.s. A kind G f water-fowl. See 
Pkwkt. WaUon. 

PUFFy\pfif. n.t. [pof.bof, Teut.l A quick blast 
with the mouth. Job, xi. A small blast of wind. 
Raleigh. A fungous ball filled with dust. Any 
thins: light and porous; as. puft'-pasic. TaUer. 
Something to sprinkle powder on the hair. Ains- 
worth. A tumid and exaggerated statement or 
recommendation. Cibber. 



To PUFF, pflf. y.n. \boffm, Dut.l To swell the 
cheeks with wind. To blow with a quick blast. 
Sliak. To blow with scornfulness. Ps. x. To 
breathe thick and hard. Shak. To do or move 
with hurry, tumour, or tumultuous agitation. Shak. 
To swell with the wind or air. Boyle. 
To PUFF. pfif. v. a. To inflate or make swell as with 
wind. Shak. To drive or agitate with blasts of 
wind. Shak. To drive with a blast of breath scorn- 
fully. Dry den. To swell or blow up with praise. 
Bacon. To swell or elate with p/ide. Tusser. 
PU'FFER, pftP-f fir. 98. n. s. One that puffs. 
PUFFIN, pfif-fln. n.s. [puffmo. Ital.] A water- 
fowl. Carew. A kind of fish. A kind of fungus 
filled with dust. 
PU'FFINAPPLE, pfif-fin-ap-pl. n.s. A sort of ap- 
ple. Ainsworth. 
PU'FFINESS*, pfif-fe-nes. n. s. State or quality of 

being turgid. A. Hill. 
PL" FFINGLY, pfiP-f?ng-le. 410. ad. Tumidly 5 with 

swell. Slierwood. With shortness of breath. 
PUFFY, pfif -f e . 183. a. Windy 3 flatulent. Wise- 
man. Tumid ) turgid. Marsion. 
PUG, pug. n.s. [pi^a, Sax.] A kind name of a mon- 
key, or any thing tenderly loved. Addison. 
PU'GGERED^ug'-gfird. a. [perhaps for puckered.] 

Crowded ; complicated. More. 
PUGH, pS6h. interj. [corrupted from puff, or borrow- 
ed from the sound.] A word of contempt. 
PU'GIL, pu'-jll. n. s. [pugille, Fr.] What is taken 
up between the thumb and two first fingers. Bacon. 
PUGILISM*, pu'-jil-fzm. n. s. [pugil, Lat.] Prac- 
tice of boxing, or fighting with the fist. 
PU'GILIST*. piV-jil-Ist. n. s. A fighter : a boxer. 
PUGNA'CIOUSS.pfig-na'-shfis. 387. a. [pugnax, 
Lat.] Inclinable to fight; quarrelsome; fighting. 
More. 
PUGNA'CITY. pfig-nas'-se-te. n. s. Quarrelsome- 
ness ; inclination to fight. Bacon. 
PUISNE, pfi'-ne. 458. a. [puis tie, Fr. It is com- 
monly spoken and written puny.'] Young ; young- 
er ; later in time. Hale. Inferiour ; lower in rank. 
Bacon. Petty ; inconsiderable ; small. Shak. 
PUISSANCE, piV-ls-sanse, or pu-?s'-sanse. n. s. 

[Fr.] Power; strength; force. Spenser. 
5^= The best way to judge of the pronunciation of this 
and the following word will be to show the authorities 
for each : and, as the negative of these words, impuis- 
sance, is governed by its positive, it may not be improp- 
er to join it to the list. 

" Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick. Dr. Ash, 

j Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Perrv, Fen- 

\ ning, Barclay, Bailey, Buchanan, 

and Entick. 

Mr. Sheridan. [Jones, Fulton and 

Knight.] 

Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, 

Mr. Perry, Buchanan, 

>hnston, Barclay, Bailey, Fen 

" Entick. 

Mr. Sheridan. [Jones. Fulton and 

Knight.] 
Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Barclay, Baiiey, 
and Fenning. 
( Mr. Sheridan. [Jones, Fulton and 
Impu'issance, ) Knight<] 

Nothing can be more decisive than the authorities for the 
penultimate accent on these words ;and this induced me 
to alter my former accentuation on the first syllable ; but 
maturer consideration has convinced me, that this is 
most conformable to the best as well as the most ancient 
U3age : that double consonants in the middle do not al- 
-ways attract the accent, see Principles, No. 503, (b.) 

This word, Dr. Johnson says, seems to have been pro- 
93 



Puis'sant, 



Puissant, 
Impuis'sance, 



I nnignt.j 
( Dr. Johnson, 
) Mr. Scott, 
\ W. Johnsto 
' ning, and E 



nonncod with only two syllables. " It was undeniably 
so," says Mr. Mason, " in Shakspeare and subsequent 
writers:" but if Johnson had taken the pains of looking 
into Spenser's Fairy Queen, he might have found, very 
near the beginning of the first canto, that the word wai 
a trisyllable: 
" And ever us he rode his heart did earne 
" To prove his puissance in battle brave 
" Upon his foe." 
I am more and more convinced that the true pronuncia- 
tion of this word is in three syllables, with the accent 
on the first. Thus in the first chorus of Shakspeare's 
Henry tno Fifth : 
" Into a thousand ports divide one man, 
" And make imaginary puissance." 
And again in the third chorus: 
" And leave your England as dead midnight still, 
11 Guarded with grandsi.'es, babies, and old women, 
" Or past, or not arriv'd at, pith and puissance." W. 

PUISSANT §, pfi'-is-sant. a. [Fr.] Powerful ; strong ; 
forcible. Shakspeare. 

PUl'SSANTLY, pu'-ls-sant-le. ad. Powerfully ; for- 
cibly. 
I PUKE§, puke. 7i. s. [of uncertain derivation.] Vomit. 
Medicine causing vomit. 

To PUKE, puke. v. n. To spew ; to vomit. Shak. 

PUKE*, pfike. a. Of a colour between black and 
russet. Shakspeare. 

PU'KER, pfi'-kfir. 98. n. s. Medicine causing a 
vomit. Garth. 

PL T/ LCHRITUDE, pfil'-kre-tude. n.s. [pulchriludo, 
Lat.] Beauty ; grace ; handsomeness. Chaucer. 

To PULE «, pule. v. n. [piavler, Fr.] To cry like a 
chicken. Cotgrare. To whine ; to cry ; to whim- 
per. Shakspeare. 

PU'LICK, pfi'-llk. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 

PU'LICOSE, pu-le-kose'. 427. [See Tumulose.] a. 
[pidicosus, Lat.] Abounding with fleas. Diet. 

PU'LING*, pu'-lmg. n. s. The cry as of a chicken ; a 
kind of whine. Bacon. 

PU'LINGLY*, piV-Hng-le. ad. With whining; with 
complaint. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

PU'LIOL. pfiMe-ol. n. s. An herb. 
I To PULL §, pul. 173. v. a. [puihan, Sax.] To draw 
violently towards one : opposed to push, which is to 
drive from one. Hooker. To draw forcibly. Hay- 
ward. To pluck ; to gather. Dryden. To tear ; 
to rend. Lam. iii. — To pull denvn. To subvert; to 
demolish. Bacon. To degrade. Roscommon. To 
pull up. To extirpate ; to eradicate. Locke. 

PULL, pul. n. s. The act of pulling. Swift. Con- 
test; struggle. Carew. Pluck 5 violence suffered. 
Shakspeare. 

PU'LLBACK*, pul'-bak. n. s. That which keeps 
back ; a restraint. Brown. 

PU'LLEN, pul'-len. n.s. [pulain, old Fr.] Poultry. 
Beaumont and Fleiclier. 

PU'LLER, pul'-lfir. 98. n. s. One that pulls. Shak. 
That .which draws forcibly ; an inciter. Junius. 

PU'LLET, pul'-lh. 174. n. s. [poulet, Fr.] A young 
hen. Brown. 

FU'LLEY, pfil'-le. 174. n. s. [pculVe, Fr.] A small 
wheel turning on a pivot, with a furrow on its out- 
side in which a rope runs. Swift. 
roPU'LLULATE^pulMu-late. 177. v.n. [pullulo, 
Lat. ; pulluler, Fr.] To germinate ; to bud. Gran- 
der. 

PULLULA'TION*, pfil-lu-la'-shfin. n.s. The act of 
budding' or growing. More. 

PULMONARY §, pf.l / -m6-nar-e. 177. a. [pulmo, 
Lat.] Belonging to the lungs. Blackmore. 

PU'LMONARY, puK-mo-nar-^. n. s. [pulmonaria, 
Lat.] The herb lungwort. Ainsicorth. 

PULMO'NICK, pfil-mon'-nik. 508. a. [pulmo, Lat.] 
Belonging to the lungs. Harvey. 

PULMO'NICK*, pul-mon'-n?k. n.s. One affected 
with a disorder of the lungs. Arbuthnot. 

PULP§, pulp. n. s. [pulpa, Lat. ; pdpe, Fr.l Any 
soft mass. Baron. The soft part of fruit. Milton. 

25= All our orthoepists, except Mr. Elphinston, give tha 
u in this word the same sound as in dull, and not as in 
pull, as he has done. W. 

737 



PUM 


PUN 


\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mgt; 


— pine, pin ; — 



PU'LPIT, puF-pit. 174. n.s. [pulpitum, La t.] A 
place raised on high, where a speaker stands. 
Slialcspeare. The higher desk in the church, where 
the sermon is pronounced. Dry den. 

OCT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, Dr. Kenrick, and 
W. Johnston, pronounce the u in this word as I have 
done. Mr. Perry, alone, gives it the sound of u in dull. 
TV. 

PU'LPOUS, pfllp'-fts. a. [poulpeux, Fr.] Soft ; pap- 
py. Phillips. 

PU'LPOUSNESS, pfilp'-fis-nSs. n.s. The quality of 
being pulpous. 

PU'LPY, pfilp'-e. a. Soft ; pappy. Ray. 

PULSATILE*, puF-sa-tli. a. [pulsatiHs,ha.l.] That 
may be struck or beaten : as, a pulsatile instru- 
ment, that is, a drum, labour, Dsaltery. Mus. Diet. 

PULSATION, pul-sa/-shun. n. s. [pulsatio, Lat.] 
The act of beating or moving with quick strokes 
against any thing opposing. Brown. 

PULSATOR. pul-sa'-tur. n.s. A striker: a beater. 

PULSATORY*, pul'-sa-tur-e. a. Beating like the 
pulse. Wo'ion. 

PULSED, pulse, n.s. [pulsus, Lat.] The motion of 
an artery as the blood is driven through it by the 
heart, and as it is perceived by the touch. Quincy. 
Oscillation ; vibration ; alternate expansion and 
contraction. Newton. — To feel one's pulse. To try 
or know one's mind artfully. — [from pull.] Legu- 
minous plants ; plants not reaped, but pidled or 
plucked. Mikon. 

To PULSE, pulse, v. n. To beat as the pulse. Ray. 

To PULSE*, pulse, v. a. To drive, as the pulse is 
driven. Smith. 

PULSI'FICK* pul-s?f -fk. a. [ pulsus and fatio, Lat.] 
Moving or exciting the pulse. Smith. 

PULSION, p&l'-shun. n.s. [pulsus, Lat.] The act 
of driving or of forcing forward: in opposition to 
suction or traction. More. 

PULTISE*, pfiF-l'k n. s. [pultis, Lat.] A poultice. 
Burton. 

PU'LVERABLE, pfil'-vgr-a-bl. a. [pulveris, Lat.] 
Possible tc be reduced to dust. Boyle. 

To PULVERATE*, puF-ver-ate. v. a. To beat in- 
to powder. Cockeram. 

PULVERIZATION, pul-yer-e-za'-sh&n. n. s. The 
act of powdering; reduction to dust or powder. 

To PULVERIZE y, pfiF-ver-lze. v. a. [pulveris, 
Lat. ; pulveriser, Fr.] To reduce to powder ; to 
reduce to dust. Boyle. 

PULVE'RULENCE, pul-veY-u-lense. n. s. [pulver- 
identia, La.L] Dustiness; abundance of dust. 

PULVIL, puF-vil. n. s. [pulvillum, Lat.] Sweet- 
scented powder. Gay. 

To PU'LVIL, puF-vil. v. a. To sprinkle with per- 
fumes in powder. Congreve. 
PUMICE, pu'-m'ls, or pum'-mSs. n.s. [pumex.pu- 
tnicis, Lat. ; pumicrfean, Sax.] A slag or cinder 
of some fossil, originally bearing another form, re- 
duced to this state by" fire : it is a lax and spongy 
matter full of little pores and cavities : of a pale, 
whitish-gray colour, and (bund particularly about 
the burning mountains. Hill. 
$3= This word ought to be pronounced pswmis. In no- 
thing is our language more regular than in preserving 
the u open, when the accent is on it, and followed by a 
single consonant; and, therefore, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Scott, and Buchanan, who give it. this sound, ought 
rather to be followed than Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, who adopt the short u. 
See Luculent. W. 

PU'MMEL, pum'-mil. 99. n.s. See Pommel. 

PUMP v ,pfimp. n. s. [pompe, Dutch and Fr.] An en- 
gine by which water is drawn up from wells : its 
operation is performed by the pressure of the air. 
Mortimer. A shoe with a thin sole and low heel. 
Shakspeare. 

To PUMP, pump. v.n. [pompen, Dutch.] To work 
a pump ; to throw out water by a pump. Decay of 
Christian Piety. 

To PUMP, p&mp. v. a. To raise or throw out as by 
means of a pump. Blackmore. To examine art- 
fully by sly interrogatories, so as to draw out any 



secrets or concealments. Hudihras. To elicit; to 
draw out, by any means. Goodman 

PLUMPER, pump'-ur. 93. n.s. The person or the in- 
strument that pumps. Boyle. 

PU'MPION, p&mp'-yfin. U3.?i.s. [pompon, Fr.] A 
plant. Miller. 

PU'MPKIN*. n.s. The pumpion : a corrupted word. 

PUN§, pun. n. s. [uncertain derivation.] An equivo- 
cation ; a quibble ; an expression where a word has 
at once different meanings ; a conceit arising from 
the use of two words, that agree in the sound, but 
differ in the sense. Addison. 

To PUN, pun. v. n. To quibble; to use the same 
word at once in different senses. Dnjden. 

To PUN*, pun. v. a. To persuade by a pun. Addi- 
son. 

To PUNCH §, pfinsh. v. a. [poinconner, Fr. ; pun- 
car, pungir, Span, from the Latin pungere.] To 
bore or perforate by driving a sharp instrument. 
Shakspeare. To push or strike with the fist. 

PUNCH, pfinsh. n. s. A pointed instrument, which, 
driven by a b ow, perforates bodies. Moxon. A 
blow ; a vulgc r expression. A liquor made by 
mixing spirit villi water, sugar, and the juice of 
lemons, and for merly with spice, [punch, an Indian 
word, expressiig a number of ingredients.] Arbuth- 
not. [polic]iineln,ha].] The buffoon or harlequin of 
the puppet-show . Gay. A horse well set and well 
knit, having a slnrt back and thin shoulders, with a 
broad neck, and w ell lined with flesh. Farrier's Diet. 
In contempt or ria'cule, a short, fat fellow. 

PUNCH-BOWL*, pfinsh'-bAle. n. s, A bowl to hold 
punch. Addison. 

PUNCHEON, pfinsh'-fin. 359. n.s. [ poincon, Fr.] 
An instrument driven so as to make a hole or im- 
pression. Camden. A measure of liquids. 

PUNCHER, pfinsh'-fir. 98. n.s. An instrument that 
makes an impression or hole. Grew. 

PUNCHINELLO*, pfinsb-e-neF-16. n. s. [polichi- 
ncllo, Ital.] A sort of buffoon; a punch. Toiler. 

PUNCTATED*, pfink'-ta-tgd. a. [punctatus, Lat.] 
Drawn into a point. 

PUNCTFLIO §, pfink-tiF-y6. 113. n.s. [puntiglio, 
Ital. ; from punctum, Lat.] A small nicety of beha- 
viour; a nice point of exactness. South. 

PUNCTILIOUS, pfink-uT-yfis. a. Nice; exact; 
punctual to superstition. Rogers. 

PUNCTILIOUSLY*, pfink-tiF-yfis-le. ad. With 
great nicety or exactness. Johnson. 

PUNCTILIOUSNESS, pfink-tlF-yfis-nes. ' n. s. 
Nicetv ; exactness of behaviour. 

FUNCTION*, pfingk'-shun. n. s. [punctio, Lat.] A 
puncture. 

PUNCTO, pfingk'-to. 408. n.s. [punto, Span.] Nice 
point of ceremony. Bacon. The point in fencing. 
Shakspeare. 

PUNCTUAL*, pfingk'-tshfi-al. 461. a. [punctuel, 
Fr.] Comprised in a point ; consisting in a point. 
Milton. Exact ; nice ; punctilious. Bacon. 

PUNCTUALIST*, pungk'-lshu-al-k. n. s. One 
who is very exact or ceremonious. Milton. 

PUNCTUALITY, pfingk-tshu-aF-e-te. n.s. Nicety; 
scrupulous exactness. Howell. 

PUNCTUALLY, nfingk'-tshfi-al-e. ad. Nicely; ex- 
actly; scrupulously. RaleioJi. 

PUNCTUALNESS, pfingk'-tsbu-al-nes. n.s. Ex- 
actness ; nicetv. Felton. 

To PUNCTUATE*, pfingk'-tshfi-ate. v. a. [punc- 
tuer, Fr.] To distinguish by pointing. 

PUNCTUATION, pfingk-tshu-a'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] 
The act or method of pointing. Addison. 

To PUNCTULATE, pfingk'-tshu-late. v.n. [punc- 
tulum, Lat.] To mark with small spots. Woodward. 

PU'NCTURE, pfingk'-tshfire. 461. n.s. [punctus, 
Lat.] A small prick ; a hole made with a very 
sharp point. Broum. 

To PU'NCTURE*. pfingk'-tshfire. v. a. To prick ; to 
pierce with a small hole. 

PUNDLE, p&n'-dl. n. s. A short and fat woman 
AinsworHu 

738 



PUP 



PUR 



-no. move. M6r, not ;— tube, tub, hull ;— oil ;— pound ;— th'm, T His. 



PU'NGAR. p&ng'-gnr. n. s. A crab-fish. 
PUNGENCY, pun '-jen-se. n.s. Power of pricking. 
Arbulhtwt. Heat on the tongue ; acridness. Pow- 
er to pierce the mind. Hammond. Acrimonious- 
ness: keenness. StillingJJeet. 

PU / NGENT$,pan , -jent. a. [pungent, Lat.] Prick- 
ing. Pope. Sharp on the tongue ; acrid. Newton. 
Piercing; sharp. Bp. Taylor. Acrimonious; bit- 
ing. Fell. 

PU'NICE, pu'-nk n. s. A wall-louse ; a bug. Hudi- 
bras. 

PUNI'CEOUS, pu-nlsh'-us. 357. a. [pimiceus, Lat.] 
Purple. Diet. 

PUNINESS, pu'-iie-n&s. n. s. Pettiness ;smallness. 

To PUNISH $,pun'-nisb. 176. v. a. [punio, Lat.] To 

chastise ; to afflict with penalties or death for some 

crime. Lev. xxvi. To revenge a fault with pain 

or death. Job. xxxi. 

PU'NIsHABLE, piV-nish-a-bl. a. [punissable, Fr.] 
Worthy of punishment; capable of punishment. 
Hooker. 

PUNISHABLENESS, piV-n?sh-a-bl-nes. n. s. The 
quality of deserving or admitting punishment. 

PU NISHER, pim'-nish-ur. 93. n. s. One who inflicts 
pains for a crime. Milton. 

PUNISHMENT. p5n'-nish-m£nt. n. s. [punissemenl, 
Fr.] Any infliction or pain imposed in vengeance 
of a crime. Spenser. 

PUNTTION, pu-in'sh'-un. n.s. [Fr.; punitio, Lat.] 
Punishment. Mirror for Magistrates. 

PU'NITIVE, piV-ne-tiv. a. [punio, Lat.] Awarding 
or inflicting punishment. Hammond. 

PU'NITORY, pu'-ne-tfir-e. 512. a. Punishing ; tend- 
ing to punishment. 

PUNK, pungk. n. s. A whore ; a common prosti- 
tute ; a strumpet. Shakspeare. 

PUNSTER, p&n'-stur. n. s. [from pun.] A quibbler ; 
a low wit who endeavours at reputation by double 
meaning. Arbuthnol. 

PUNTS*, punt. n.s. [punt, Sax.] A flat-bottomed 
boat. 

To PUNT, punt, v. n. To play at basset and ombre. 
Addison. 

PUNY §, pu'-ne. a. [puis ne, Fr.] Young. Inferiour; 
petty ; of an under rale. Shakspeare. 

PU'NY, pu'-ne. n. s. A young, unexperienced, un- 
seasoned person. Bp. Hall. 

To PUP, pup. r. n. To bring forth whelps : used of 
a bitch bringing young. 

PUPA*, piV-pa. n. s. [Lat.] In natural history, the 
chrysalis. Paley. 

PUPILS pa'-pll. n.s. [puvilla, Lat.] The apple of 
the eye. Bacon, [pupile, Fr. ; pupillis, Lat.] A 
scholar; one under the care of a tutor. Raleigh. 
A ward ; one under the care of a guardian. Dry- 
den. 

PU'PILAGE, pu'-pll-adje. 90. n. s. State of being a 
scholar. Fell. Wardship ; minority. Spenser. 

PUPILA'RITY, pu-pu-ar'-e-te. n. ' s. [pupilariti, 
Fr.] Nonage; state of a pupil. Cctgrave. 

PUPILARY, pu'-pll-ar-e. 512. a. Pertaining to a 
pupil or ward. Cotgrave. 

9CT For the acce-u of this word, see Papillary. W. 

PUTPET§, pup It. 99. n. s. [poupee, Fr.] A small 
image moved by wire in a mock drama ; a wooden 
tragedian. Sidney. A word of contempt. Shak.^ 

^CT This word was formerly often pronounced as if writ- 
ten poppit ; but this pronunciation is now confined to 
the lowest vulgar. W. 

PU'PPETMAN, p5p'-pil-man. ? n. s. Mas- 

PUPPETMASTER*, pup'-p?t-ma-sl&r. ] <er of a 
puppet-show. B. Jonson. 

PU'PPETPL AYER*, p&p'-plt-pla-ur. n. s. One who 
manages the motions of puppets. Hales. 

PU PPETRY*, pup'-plt-re. n. s. Affectation. Mars- 
ton. 

PU'PPETSHOW, P 5p'-p?t-sh6. n. s. A mock drama 
performed by wooden images moved by wire. 
Sirift. 

PUPPY §, pftp'-pe. n.s. [poupee, Fr.] A whelp; 
progeny of a bitch. Shak. A name of contemptu- 
ous reproach to a man. Shakspeare, 



n o PU'PPY, p&p'-pe. v. n. To bring whelps, 
U'PPYlSMtf, pup'-pe-Izm. n.s. Extreme 



aflecta- 



iii pleasure, utay. 

o PUR*, pur. v. a. To signify by purring. Gray. 
J'RBLI1\D§, pur' -blind, a. [corrupted i'rompore 
blind. See Porkbi.ind.] Near-sighted; short 



7', 
PU' 

tinn. 

PUR§*, par. n.s. [perhaps from the sound.] A gen- 
tle noise made by a cat. Shakspeare.' » 
To PUR, pur. v. n. To murmur as a cat or leopard 

in pleasure. Gay. 
To PUR* 

PU'RBLL\L»9, pur-blind, a. [corrupted from pore- 
blind. See Porkbi.ind.] Near-sighted; short- 
sighted ; dim-sighted. Shakspeare. 
PU KBLINDNESS, p&r'-bllnd-nes. n.s. Shortness 

of sight. Cotgrave. 
PURCHASABLE, pfir'-tshas-a-bl. a. That may be 

purchased, bought, or obtained. Locke. 
To PURCHASE, pur'-tslms. v. a. [purchaser, old 
Fr.] To acquire, not inherit. Shak. To buy for a 
price. Gen. xxv. To obtain at any expense, as of 
labour or danger. Milton. To expiate or recom- 
pense by a fine or forfeit. Shakspeare. 
PURCHASE $, pfir'-tshas. n. s. [pourchas, old Fr.] 
Any thing bought or obtained for a price. Bacon. 
Any thing of which possession is taken any other 
way than by inheritance. Shak. Formerly, rob- 
bery, and also the thing stolen. Chaucer. 
PURCHASE-MONEY*, pfir'-tshas-mun-ne. n. s. 
Money laid out in the purchase of any thing. Bp. 
Berkeleij. 
PURCHASER, pur'-tshas-ur. n. s. A buyer; one 

that gains any thing for a price. Bacon. 
PURE §, pure. a. [pup., Sax. ; pur, pure, Fr. ; purus, 
Lat.] Clear; not dirty; not muddy. Sidney. Not 
filthy; not sullied. Prov. xxx. Unmingled; not 
altered by mixtures. Deut. xxxii. Genuine; real; 
unadulterated. James, i. Not connected with any 
thing extrinsick : as, pure mathematicks. Wilkins. 
Free; clear. Prov.xx. Free from guilt ; guiltless; 
innocent. Milton. Incorrupt ; not vitiated by any 
bad practice or opinion. Tickdl. Not vitiated with 
corrupt modes of speech. Ascham. Mere: as, a 
pure villain. Chaucer. Chaste ; modest : as, a 
pure virgin. Collect. Clean ; free from moral tur- 
pitude. Milton. Ritually clean ; unpolluted. Ezra. 
To PURE*, pure. v. a. To purify ; to cleanse. Chau- 
cer. Ob. T. 
PU^RELY, pure'-le. ad'. In a pure manner; not 
dirtily; not with mixture. Isaiah, i. Innocently; 
without guilt. Merely ; completely ; totally. Chap- 
man. 
PU'RENESS, pure'-ne's. n. s. Clearness; freedom 
from extraneous or foul admixtures. Sidney. Sim- 
plicity ; exemption from composition. Raleigh. In- 
nocence ; freedom from guilt. Common Prayer. 
Freedom from vitious modes of speech. Ascham. 
PU'RFILE, pur'-fil. 140. n. s. [pourfiUe, Fr.] A 
sort of ancient trimming for women's gowns, made 
of tinsel and thread; called also bobbin work. 
Baileu. 
To PURFLES, pflr'-fl. 405. v. a. [pourfller, Fr.] To 
decorate with a wrought or flowered border; to 
border with embroidery ; to embroider. Spenser. 
To PU'RFLE*, pur'-fl. v. n. To be wrought or trim- 
med upon the edge', to be puckered. Sir T. Her- 
bert. 
PURFLE. pfir'-fl. )n.s. A border of embroi- 

PU'RFLEW, pfir'-flu. \ clery. Shelton. 
PURGA'TION $,pur-ga'-shun. n. s. [purgatio, Lat.] 
The act of cleansing or purifying from vitious mix- 
tures. Burnet. The act of cleansing the body by 
downward evacuation. Bacon. The act of clear- 
ing from imputation of guilt. Shakspeare. 
PU'RGATIVE, pur'-ga-uV. 157. a. [purgatif, Fr.; 
purgativus, Lat.] Catharlick; having the power to 
cause evacuations downward. Bacon. 
PU'RGATIVE*, P ar'-ga-uV. n. s. A cathartick med- 
icine. Burton. 
PURGATO'RIAL*, pur-ga-t6'-re-al. ) a. Relating 
PURGATO'RIAN* pur-ga-t6'-re-an. $ to purga- 
tory. Mede. 
PURGATORY, pfir'-ga-lur-e. 512,557. n, s. [pur- 
gatorium, Lat.] A place in which souls are sup^ 
posed, by the papists, to be purged by fire from 
739 



PUR 



PUR 



[HP 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met; — pine, pin i 



carnal impurities, before they are received into 
heaven. Spenser. 

PURGATORY*, pfir'-ga-tar-e. a. Cleansing; ex- 
piatory. Burke. 

To PURGE$, pfirdje. v. a. [purger, Fr.; •pur go, 
Lat.j To cleanse; to clear. Bacon. To clear 
from imput-ities. Shale. To clear from guilt. Sliak. 
To clear from imputation of guilt. Bacon. To 
sweep or put away impurities. Ezek. xx. To 
evacuate the body by stool. Bacon. To clarify; 
to defecate. 

To PURGE, purdje. v, n, To grow pure by clarifi- 
cation. To have frequent stools. To void excre- 
ment. Patrick. 

PURGE, purdje. n. s. [purge, Fr.] A cathartick 
medicine ; a medicine that evacuates the body by 
stool. Arbuthnot. 

PU RGER, pur y -jur. 98. n. s. One who clears away 
any thing noxious. Sliak. Purge; cathartick. 
Bacon. 

PURIFICATION, pu-re-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [purifi- 
catio, Lat.] The act of making pure. Boyle. The 



act of cleansing from guilt or pollution. Bp. Taylor 
bearing.' 



A rite performed by the Hebrews after child- 



PURIFICATIVE, pu-rIP-fe-ka-tlv. > 

PURIFICATORY, pu-rif-fe-ka-tur-e. 512, 557. \ 
a. [purificatif, Fr.] Having power or tendency to 
make pure. 

PURIFIER, pu'-re-fi-ur. 98. n. s. Cleansers refiner. 

. Mai. iii. 

To PURIFY, pu'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [purifier, Fr.; 
purijico, Lat.] To make pure. To free from any 
extraneous admixture. Bacon. To make clear. 
Sidney. To free from guilt or corruption. Tit. ii. 
To fi'ee from pollution, as by lustration. Num. xix. 
To clear from barbarisms or improprieties. Sprat. 

To PURIFY, pu'-re-fl. v. n. To grow pure. Bur- 
net. 

PURIFYING*, pu'-re-f 1-mg. n. s. Act of making 
clean ; act of freeing from pollution, as by lustra- 
tion. Si. John, ii. 

PURIST, pu'-rist. n. s. [puriste, Fr.] One super- 
stitiously nice in the use of words. Ld. Chesterfield. 

PURITANS, pu' -re-tan. 88. n. s. [from pure.] A 
sectary pretending to eminent purity of religion. 
Bp. Sanderson. 

PU RITAN*, pu'-re-tan. a. Of, or belonging to, Pu- 
ritans. Bp. Sanderson. 

PURITA'NICAL, pu-re-uV-ne-kal. ) a. Relating 

PURITA'NICK, pu-re-tan'-'ik. $ to Puritans. 

Walton. 

PURITANICALLY*, ou-re-tan'-ne-kal-le. ad. Af- 
ter the manner of the Puritans. Sir M. Sandys. 

PURITANISM, pu'-re-tan-Szm. n. s. The notions of 
a Puritan. Mountagu. 

To PU RITANIZE*, pu'-re-tan-lze. v. n. To de- 
liver the notions of a Puritan. Mountagu. 

PURITY, pu'-re-te. n. s. [purite 1 , old Fr.; puritas, 
Lat.] Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt. 
Holyday. Freedom from guilt ; innocence. Wake. 
Chastity ; freedom from contamination of sexes. 
Shakspeare. 

PURL, purl. n. s. [contracted from purfie.] An em- 
broidered and puckered border. Sidney. An ooze: 
a soft flow. Bp. Taylor. A kind of medicated 
malt liquor, in which wormwood and aromaticks 
are infused. 

To PURLS, purl. v. n. [porla, Swed.] To murmur; 
to flow with a gentle noise. Bacon,. To rise or ap- 
pear in undulations. Shakspeare. 
To PURL, purl, in a. To decorate with fringe or 
embroidery. B. Jonson. 

PURLIEU, pfirMu. n. s. [pur and lieu, Fr.] The 
grounds on the borders of a forest; border; en- 
closure; district. Slmkspeare. 

PURLING*, purl'-mg. n. s. The gentle noise of a 
stream. Bacon. 

PURLINS, pftrMfnz. n. s. [In architecture.] Those 
pieces of timber that lie across the rafters on the 
inside, to keep them from sinking in the middle 
of their length, Bailey. 



To PURLO'IN S, par-loin', v. a. [pujilouhnan, Sax.] 
To steal ; to take by theft. Spenser 

To PURLOIN*, p&r-l6in'. v.n. To practise theft. 
Titus, ii. 

PURLOIN ER, pur-l6?n'-ur. n.s. A thief ; one that 
steals clandestinely. U Estrange. 

PURLO'INING*, par-l6fn'-ing. n. s. Theft. Bacon. 

PURPARTY, pfir'-par-te. n. s. [purparty, old Fr.] 
Share ; part in division. Davies. 

PURPLE §, pur'-pl. 405. a. [pourpre, Fr. ; purjni- 
reus, Lat.] Red tinctured with blue. Shak. [In 
poetry.] Red. Dry den. 

PURPLE, pur'-pl. n. s. The purple colour ; a pur 
pie dress. Milton. 

To PURPLE, pur'-pl. v. a. [purpuro, Lat.] To 
make red ; to colour with purple. Shakspeare. 

PURPLES, pfir'-plz. n. s. Spots of a livid red which 
break out in malignant fevers; a purple fever. 
Old Morality ofi Hyche-Scorner. 

PURPLISH, piV-pl-ish. a. Somewhat purple. 
Boyle. 

PURPORTS, purport, n. s. [old Fr.] Design; 
tendency of a writing or discourse. Norris. 

To PURPORT, pfir'-p6rt. v. n. To intend; to tend 
to show. Bacon. 

PURPOSE S, pfir'-p&s. 166. n. s. [propos, Fr.; pro 
positurn, Lat.] Intention; design. Shak. Effect > 
consequence ; the end desired. Hooker. Instance ; 
example. VEstrangc. Conversation. Spenser. A 
kind of enigma or riddle. See Crosspub.pose. 
Spenser. 

To PURPOSE, p&r'-pfis. v. a. To intend; to de- 
sign ; to resolve. Hooker. 

To PURPOSE, p&r'-pus. v. n. To have an inten- 
tion ; to have a design. Psalm xvii. To discourse. 
Spenser. 

PURPOSELESS*, pur'-pus-les. a. Having no ef- 
fect. Bp. Hall. 

PURPOSELY, pur'-pfis-le. ad. By design ; by in- 
tention. Hooker. 

PURPRISE, pfir'-prlze. n.s. [pmtrpris, old Fr. ; 
purpriswn, law Lat.] A close or enclosure j as also 
the whole compass of a manor. Bacon. 

PURR, par. n. s. A sea lark. Ainsworth. 

To PURR, par. See To Pur. 

PURSE S, parse, n. s. [bourse, Fr. ; piers, Welsh.] A 
small bag in which money is contained. Shak. 

To PURSE, parse, v. a. To put into a purse. Dry- 
den. To contract as a purse. Shakspeare. 

PURSENET, purse'-nel. n. s. A net of which tU 
mouth is drawn together by a string. Mortimer. 

PURSEPRIDE*, pfirse'-pride. n. s. The insolence 
of a purseproud person. Bp. Hall. 

PURSEPROUD, p&rse'-proud. a. Puffed up with 
money. Bp. Hall. 

PURSER, piV-sur. 98. n. s. The paymaster of a 
ship. 

PURSINESS, piV-se-nes. ) n. s. Shortness of 

PURSIVENESS, p&r'-slv-n&s. $ breath. Slier- 
ivood. 

PURSLAIN, pars'-lm. 208. n. s. [porcellana, ItaL] 
A plant. Wiseman. 

PURSLAIN-TREE, pars' -lm-tre. n. s. A shrub 
proper to hedge with. 

PURSU'ABLE, par-siV-a-bl. a. What may be pur- 
sued. Sherwood. 

PURSUANCE, pur-su'-anse. n. s. Prosecution; 
process. 

PURSU'ANT, par-su'-ant. a. Qpne in. consequence 
or prosecution of any thing. 

To PURSU'E S, pur-su'. 454. v. a. [poursuwre, Fr.] 
To persecute. Wicliffe. To chase ; to follow in 
hostility. Shak. To' prosecute; to continue, Prov, 
xii. To imitate; to-follow as an example. Dryden. 
To endeavour to attain. Milton. 

To PURSU'E, pur-su', 1\ n. To go on j to proceed. 
Boyle. 

PURSU'ER, pur-su'-ar. 98. n. s. One who follows 
in hostility. Shak. One who endeavours to attain 
an object. Worthington. 

PURSUIT, par-sute'. n. s. [poursuite, Fr.] The act 
f following with hostile intention. Milton. Endeav - 
740 



Put 



put 



—116, move, n6r, not •,— tube. tab. bull ;— 6ll;— pdfind;— r/iin, thjs. 



our to attain. Drydeti. Prosecution; continuance 
of endeavour. Clarendon. 
PI RSU1VANT, p&r'-swe-vant. 340. n. s. [pourstti- 
vant, Fr.] A state messenger ; an attendant on the 
heralds. Spenser. 
PU'RSY$, piV-se. a. [poussif, Fr.] Short-breathed 

and tat. Sluikspeare. 
PU'RTENANCE, pftrMen-anse. n. s. [appertenance, 

Fr.] The pluck of an animal. Ex. xii. 
PU'RULENCE,pu'-ru-lense. ; 177. [See Mucc- 
FU KULENCY, pu'-ru-len-sc. \ lent.] n. s. Gen- 
eration of pus or matter. Arbutlinot. 
PURULENT $, pu'-ru-lent. o. [purttlentm, Lat.] 
Consisting- of pus or the running- of wounds. Ba- 
con. 
To PURVEY §, p&r-va'. 2G9. v. a. [pourvoir, Fr.] 
To provide with conveniences. Spenser. To pro- 
cure. Thomson. 
To PURVE'Y, pQr-va'. v. n. To buy in provisions; 

to provide. Milton. 
PURVEYANCE, pur-va'-anse. n. s. Provision. 
Spenser. Procurement of victuals. An exaction 
of provisions for the king's followers. Bacon. 
PURVEYOR, pur-va'-ur. 166. n. s. One that pro- 
vides victuals. Raleigh. A procurer; a pimp. 
Dryden. An officer who exacted provision for the 
king's followers. 
PU'RYIEW, pur'-vu. n. s. [pourvieu, Fr.] Proviso; 
. providing clause. Bacon. 

PUS, pus. n. s. [Lat.] The matter of a well-digest- 
ed sore. Arbutlinot. 
To PUSH $, push. 173, 171. v. a. [pousser, Fr.] To 
strike with a thrust. Ex. xxi. To force, or drive by 
impulse. Job, xxx. To force, not bv- a quick blow, 
but by continual violence. Ps. xliv. To press for- 
ward. Dryden. To urge ; to drive. Addison. To 
enforce ; to drive to a conclusion. Sivift. To im- 
portune ; to tease. 
To PUSH, push. o. ?/. To make a thrust. Drijden. 
To make an effort. Dryden. To make an attack. 
Dan. xi. To burst out with violence.. 
PUSH, push. n. s. Thrust ; the act of striking with a 
pointed instrument. Spenser. An impulse; force 
impressed. Spenser. Assault; attack. Slia/c. A 
forcible onset ; a strong effort. Shak. Exigence ; 
trial ; extremity. Shak. A sudden emergence. 
Shak. [pustida, Lat.] A pimple; an efflorescence ; 
a wheal ; an eruption. Bacon. 
PUSHER, push'-Qr. 98. n. s. One who pushes 

back. One who pushes forward. 
PUSHING, push'-lng. 410. a. Enterprising; vigor- 
ous. 
PU SHPIN, push'-pln. n. s. A child's play, in which 

pins are pushed alternatelv. U Estrange. 
PUSILLANIMITY, pu-slf-lan-lm'-me-te. n.s. [pu- 
sillanimite, Fr.] Cowardice ; meanness of spirit. 
Bacon. 
PUSILLANIMOUS $, pu-sil-im'-ne-mus. a. [pusil- 
lus and animus, Lat.] Meanspirited ; narrowmind- 
ed ; cowardly. Bacon. 
PUSILLA'NIMOUSLY*, pu-sll-an'-ne-mus-le. ad. 

With pusillanimity. Sir T. Herbert. 
PUSILLA'NIMOUSNESS, pu-sll-an'-ne-mus-nes. 

ii. s. Meanness of spirit. 
PUSS, pus. 173, 174. n. s. The fondling name of a 
cat. Watts. The sportsman's term for a hare. Gan. 
To PU'STUL ATE*, pfts'-tshu-late. v. a. [pustulosis, 
Lat.] To form into pustules or blisters. Stackhouse. 
PUSTULE y, puV-tshule. 463. n.s. [puslula, Lat.] 
A small swelling ; a pimple ; a push ; an efflores- 
cence. Arbutlinot. 
PU'STULOUS, pus'-tshu-lus. a. Full of pustules ; 

pimply. Cockeram. 
To PUTy, put. 173, 174. v. a. [pwt,pictian, Welsh.] 
To lay or reposit in any place. Gen. ii. 8. To place 
in any situation. St. Mark, v. To place in any 
state or condition. Job, xvii. To repose. 2 Kings. 
To trust ; to give up : as, He put himself into the 
pursuer's hands. To expose ; to apply to any thing. 
Locke. To push into action. Milton. To apply. 
1 Sam. viii. To use any action by which the place 
or state of any thing is ehang,ed. Shak. To cause ; 



to produce. Locke. To comprise ; to consign !o 

writing. 2 Chron. To add. Ecc/us. hi. To place 
in a reckoning. Locke. To reduce to any state. 
SJiak. To oblige ; to urge. Bacon. To incite ; to 
instigate ; to exhort; to urge by influence. Claren- 
don. To propose; to state. 2 Chr. ii. To form; 
to regulate. To reach to another. Hab. ii. To 
bring into any stale of mind or temper. Knolleg. 
To offer ; to advance. Dryden. To unite ; to place 
as an ingredient. Locke. — To put by. To turn ofV; 
to divert. Bp. Taylor. To thrust aside. Sidney. i 
To put down. To baffle ; to repress ; to crush. 
Shew. To degrade. Spenser. To bring into dis- 
use. Bacon. To confute. SJiak. To put forth. 
To propose. Judges. To extend. Gen. viii. To 
emit, as a sprouting plant. Bacon. To exert. Mil- 
ton. To put in. r lo interpose. Collier. To drive; 
to harbour. Chapman. To put in practice. To 
use ; to exercise. Dryden. To put off. To divest; 
to lay aside. Nehem.'w. To defeat or delay with 
some artifice or excuse. Bacon. To delay ; to de- 
fer ; to procrastinate. Wake. To pass fallaciously. 
Swift. To discard. Shak. To recommend ; to 
vend or obtrude. Bacon. To put on or upon. To 
impute ; to charge. To put on or upon. To invest 
with, as clothes or covering. Shak. To put on. 
To forward; to promote; to incite. Shak. To put 
on or upon. To impose ; to inflict. 2 Kings, xviii. 
To put on. To assume ; to take. Shak. " To put 
over. To refer. Shak. To put out. To place at 
usury. Psalm xv. To extinguish. Judges, xvii. 
To emit, as a plant. Bacon. To extend ; to pro- 
trude. Gen. xxxviii. To expel ; to drive from. 
Spenser. To make publick. Dryden. To discon- 
cert. Bacon. To put to. To kill by ; to punish 
by. Bacon. To refer - to; to expose. Bacon. To 
put to it. To distress ; to perplex ; to press hard. 
Shak. . To put to. To assist with. Sidney. To 
put to death. To kill. Bacon. To put together. 
To accumulate into one sum or mass. Burnet. 
To put up. To pass unrevenged. Sliak. To put 
vp. To emit ; to cause to germinate, as plants. 
Bacon. To expose publickly : as, These goods are 
put up to sale. To start from a cover. Addison. 
To hoard. Spelman. To hide. Shak. To put 
upon. To impose, to lay upon. Shak. To put 
upon trial. To expose or summon to a solemn and 
judicial examination. Locke. 
To PUT, put, or put. v.n. To go or move. Bacon. 
To shoot or germinate. Bacon. To steer a vessel. 
Addison. To push with the head. To stumble. 
Grose. — To put forth. To leave a port. Shak. 
To germinate ; to bud ; to shoot out. Shak. To 
put in. To enter ah aven. Pope. To put in for. To 
claim ; to stand candidate for. Abp. Usher. To put 
in. To offer a claim. Brown. To put off. To leave 
land. Chapman. To put over. To sail cross. Ab- 
bot. To put to sea. To set sail ; to begin the 
course. Bacon. To put up. To ofl'er one's self a 
candidate. L' Estrange. To advance to; to bring 
one's self forward. Swift. To put up with. To 
suffer without resentment : as, to put up with an af- 
front. To take without dissatisfaction: as, io init 
up with poor entertainment. 
V^j" The common pronunciation of the capital [London] 
is the first sound given to this word ; but in Ireland, and 
the different counties of England, it is generally pro- 
nounced regularly so as to rhyme with hut, nut, &c. 
W. Johnston has adopted this sound, and Mr. Perry 
gives it both ways, but seems to prefer the regular 
sound. Mr. Nares is decidedly in favour of this sound ; 
and, as this word, when a noun, is always so pronounc- 
ed, it seems a needless departure from rule, and an embar- 
rassment to the language, to have the same word differ- 
ently pronounced. This is an inconvenience to which, 
perhaps, all languages are subject : but it ought in all 
languages to be avoided as much as possible.^-See 
Bowl. 
Mr Sheridan, Mr. Elphjnsfon, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick,an4 
Mr. Smith, adopt the first sound. W. 

PUT, put. 175. n.s. An action of distress. V Estrange. 
A rustick ; a Jown. Bramston. A game at cards. 
Warton. — Cutoff. Excuse ; shift. 1? Estrange, 
741 



PYG 



PYX 



KF 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, phi 



PUT Case*. An elliptical expression of former times 
for suppose tfiat it may be so ; state a possible or 
probable case. Burton. 
PU'TAGE, piV-tldje. 90. n.s. [putain, Fr.] [Inlaw.] 

Prostitution on tlie woman's part. Diet. 
PU'TANISJM, piV-ta-nfzm. n. s. [puianisme, Fr.] 
The manner of living, or trade of a prostitute. Diet. 
PU'TATIVE^vV-la-uV. 157. a. [putatif, Fr. 3 from 

-vito, Lat.] Supposed ; reputed. AyliJ'e. 
PU'TID §, piV-tld. a. [putidus, Lat.] Mean ; low 5 

worthless. Bp. Taylor. 

PU /r FIDNESS, pu'-tta-n&s. n. s. Meanness; vileness. 

PU'TLOG, pur-l6g. n. s. Putlogs are pieces of 

timber or short poles, to bear the boards they stand 

on to work, and to lay bricks and mortar upon. 

Moxon. 

PUTRE'DINOUS, pu-trM'-e-nfis. a. [putredo, Lat.] 

Slinking; rotten. Floyer. 
PUTREFA'CTION, pu-tre-fJuV-shun. n.s. [putre- 
faction, Fr. ; putris and facio, Lat.] The slate of 
growing rotten ; the act of making rotten. Quincy. 
PUTREFACTIVE, pu-tre-fak-tlv. a. Making rot- 
ten. Brown. 
To PUTREFY, piV-tre-fl. 183. v. a. [putrefer, Fr. ; 
putrefacio, Lat.] To make rotten ; to corrupt with 
rottenness. Bacon. 
To PUTREFY, pu'-tre-fl. v. n. To rot. Isaiah, i. G. 
PUTRESCENCE, pu-tres'-sense. 510. n.s. [putres- 

co, Lat.] The slate of rotting. Brown. 
PUTRESCENT, pu-treV-sent. a. [putrescent, Lat.] 

Growing rotten. Arbuthnot. 
PUTRE'SCIBLE*, pu-tres'-se-bl. a. That may 
grow rotten, or putrefy. Philos. Transact. P. I. 
[1798.] 
PUTRID $, pu'-trfd. a. [putride, Fr. ; putridus, Lat.] 

Rotten ; corrupt. Arbuthnot. 
PU TRIDNESS, pu'-trid-nes. n. s Rottenness. 

Floyer. 
PUTRIFICA'TION*, pu-tre-fe-ka'-shun. re. s. Slate 

of becoming rotten. Confut. of N. Shaxton. 
PU TRY* pu'-tre. a. Rotten. Marston. 
PU'TTER, putMur. 98. [See Put.] n.s. [from put.] 
One who puts. L' Estrange. — Putter on. Inciter ; 
instigator. Sliakspeare. 
PU'TTINGSTONE, put / -tlng-st6ne. n. s. Stones 
laid at the gates of great houses, for trials of 
strength. Pope. Stones thrown from the uplifted 
liand, or above hand, as commonly expressed. 
Pennant. 
PUTTOCK, p5t'-tuk. 166. n. s. [buteo, Lat.] A kite. 

Spenser. 
PU'TTY, p6t'-te. n. s. A kind of powder on which 
glass is ground. Newton. A kind of cement used 
by glaziers. 
PUY* SeePov. 

To PU'ZZLE §, p&z'-zl. 405. v. a. [pussa, putsa, 
Ice!, and Su. Goth.] To perplex ; to confound ; to 
embarrass; to entangle; to gravel; to put to a 
stand ; to tease. Slw.lt. To make intricate ; to en- 
tangle. Addison. 
To PU'ZZLE, puz'-zl. v. n. To be bewildered in 

oup's own notions; to be awkward. U Estrange. 
PU'ZZLE, puz'-zl. n.s. Embarrassment; perplexity. 

Bacon. 
PUZZLEHEADED*. puz'-zl-hed-ed. a. Having 

the head full of confused notions. Johnson. 
PU ZZLER, piW-zl-ur. 98. n.s. He who puzzles. 
PYE*. See Pie. 
P YE BALD*. See Piebald. 
PY'GARG, pl'-garg. n.s. [riyapyos 1 A kind of 

eagle, having a white back or tail. 
PYGME'AN, pig-me'-an. [plg'-me-an, Perry.] a. Be- 
longing to a pygmy. Milton. 

$3° This word has the accent on the penultimate for the 
same reason as epicurean. It is derived from pigmcei, 
pigmies: and its adjective, if it had one, must have had 
the diphthong in it, which would necessarily fix the ac- 
cent ot that syllable. — See European. 



" They less than smallest dwarfs in narrow room 
" Throng numbeiless, like that pygmean race 
" Beyond the Indian mount." Milton. W. * 

PY'GMY$, plg'-me. n.s. [pygme, Fr.; irvyvaios, 
Gr.] A dwarf; one of a nation fabled to be only 
three spans high, and after long wars to have been 
destroyed by cranes ; any thing liltle. Bentley. 
PYGMY*, pfg'-me. a. See Pigmy. 
PYLO'RUS, pe-l6'-rus. 187, 503. n. 

The lower orifice of the slomach. 
PY'OT*. SeePiET. 
PY'RACANTH*, pir'-a-kantf*. n.s. 
Lat.] A kind of thorn. Mason. 
■f>n A \tm <S p'fr'4-mld. 109, 180. n. 



[irvXuoos.] 



[pyracantlu 



PY'RAMID 



[ pyramide, 



Fr. ; Trvpafus, Gr.] A solid figure, whose base is a 
polygon, and whose sides are plain triangles, their 
several points meeting in one. Harris. 
PYRA'MIDAL, pe-ram'-e-dal. 187. ) a. Having the 
PYRAMPDICAL, pJr-a-mld'-e-kal. florin of a pyr- 
PYRAMFD1CK*, plr-a-mld'-ik. ) amid. Wotton. 
PYRAMFD1CALLY, plr-a-mid'-e-kal-e. ad. In 

form of a pyramid. Broome. 
PY'RAMIS, pir'-a-mls. n.s. A pyramid. Bacon. 
PYRE, phe. n.s. [pijra, Lat.] A pile to be burnt. 

Glanville. 
PYRFTES, pe-ri'-lez, or pir / -e-uBz.l87. n.s. [from 

nvp.] Firestone. Woodicurd. 
{£/" This word is accented on the second syllable by Dr. 
Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Barclay, Bailey, and Fenning ; 
[Jones, Fulton and Knight,] and on the first by Dr. 
Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, and Entick. Pyritts is 
the analogical pronunciation ; for, as the word is de- 
rived from the Greek -jvptrrjg, and the Latin pyrites, 
(both with the accent on the penultimate, and preserv- 
ing the form of their originals,) it ought to have the 
accent on the same syllable. — See Principles, No. 503. W 
PYRQ'L ATRY*, pe-^dl'-a-tre. n. s. [rip and Xarpda.'' 

Adoration of fire. Young. 
PY'ROMANCY §, pir'-o-man-se. 519. n.s. [ttuoo- 

fxavria.] Divination by fire. Aylifj'c. 
PY'ROMANTICK*, plK6-man-l&. re, s. One wno 

practises divination by fire. Sir T. Herbert. 
PYRO'METER*. pe-r&m'-e-lur. n.s. [pyromctre 
Fr. ; rip and fiirpov, Gr.] An instrument to measure 
the alteration of the dimensions cf metals, and olh 
er solid bodies arising from heat. Chambers. 
PYROTE'CHNICAL, pfr-c-igk'-ni-kal. 530. a. En 

gaged or skilful in fireworks. 
PY'ROTECHNICKS §, pir-o-tek'-niks. n. s. [rip 
and Ttxyn.] The act of employing fire to use or 
pleasure ; the art of fireworks. 
PYROTECHNIST* pir'-6-tek-in'st. n. s. One who 

understands pyrotechnicks. Steewns. 
PY'ROTECHISY, plr'-c-t^k-ne. re.* [pyroiedmic, 

Fr.] The art of managing fire. Hale. 
PYRO'TICKS*. pe-rof'-iks. n. s. pi. [pijrotique, Fr., 

from TTvpou), Gr.] [In medicine.] Causticks. 
PYRRHONISM, pjr'-r6-nizm. re. s. [from Pyrrho, 
the founder of the skepticks.] Skepticism ; univer- 
sal doubt. Bolingbroke. 
PYRRHONIST* p'Jr'-r6-ntst. n. s. A skeptick. 

Marston. 
PYTHAGORE'AN*, pe-i/iag-o-re'-an. [See Euro- 
pean.] n.s. A follower of Pythagoras the philvjso 
pher. Addison. 
PYTHAGOREAN*, pe-^ag-6-re'-an. ) a. Of, or 
PYTHAGO'RICAL*, pfe/i-a-gor / -e-kal. £ belong- 
PYTHAGO'RICK*, pfe/j-a-gor'-lk. > ing to, 

the philosophy of P}thagoras. More. 
PYTILVGORISM*, pe-^ag'-i-rlzm. n. s. The 

opinions and doctrine of Pythagoras. More. 
PY'THONESS*, pl'-thd-nh. n.s. [pylhonissa, Lat., 

from UvOwv, Gr.] A sort of witch. Bp. Hall. 
PYTHO'NICK*, pk-thon'-lk. a. [ttvOmlkos.] Pre- 
tending to foretell future events. Ricaut. 
PYTHON1ST* pj^/i6-nist. re. s. [from Python.] 

A conjurer. Cockeram. 
PYX, pJks. n. s. [pyxis, Lat.] The box in which the 
Romanists kept the host. Abp. Cranmer. 
742 



QUA 



QUA 



— no, move, nor. n6t; — lube, tub, bull; — 6il ; — pound ; — tlin,, THis. 



a Is a consonant borrowed from ihe Latin or 
French, tor which, though q is commonly plac- 
ed in ihe Saxon alphabet, the Saxons generally 
nsod cp. etc ; as cpellan or cwel/an, to quell : qu is, 
in English, pronounced, as by the Italians ami 
Spaniards, cw ; as, quail, quench, except quoit, 
which is spoken, according- to the manner of the 
French, coii : the name of' this letter is cue. from 
queue. French, tail; iis form being that of an O 
with a tail. See Walker s Prin. 414, 4 15. 

QUAB, kwab. 7/. s. [quabbe, or queppe, Teut.] A sort 
of fish. Johnson. 

To QUACKS, kwak. 85, 86. 0. n. [quacken, Teut.] 
To cry like a duck. King. To f hatter boasting- 
lyj to brag loudly; to talk ostentatiously. Hudi- 
l>ras. 

QUACK, kwak. n.s. A boastful pretender to arts 
which he does not understand. Helton. A vain, 
boastful pretender to physick ; one who proclaims 
his own medical abilities in publick places. Addi- 
son. An artful, tricking practitioner in physick. 
Po]te. 

QUACK*, kwak. a. Falsely pretending, or falsely 
alleged, to cure diseases: as, a quack doctor; a 
qiuck medicine. 

QUA CKERY, kwak'-kur-e. n. s. Mean or bad acts 
in physick ; false pretensions lo any art. Porson. 

QUA CKISH*. kwak'-lsh. a. Boasting 



like a quack; 
The practice of 



trickish as a quack. Burke. 

QUA'CKISM*, kwak'-lzm. n 
quackery-. Ash. 

QUA CKLED*, kwak'-kld. )a. [quacken, Teut.] 

QUA'CKEl\ T ED*,kwak'-knd. $ Almost choked or 
suffocated. 

QUACKSALVER, kwak'-sal-vfir. n. s. [quack and 
salve.] One who brags of medicines or salves; a 
medicaster ; a charlatan. The quacksalver was at 
first one who made, sold, or applied ointments or 
oils. Afterwards it denoted a kind of charlatan, a 
travelling quack. Burton. Brown. 

QUAD*, a [quaed, Teut.] Evil; bad. Gower. 
Oh. T. 

QUA DRAGENE*, kwod'-ra-jene. n. s. [quadrage- 
na, Lat.] A papal indulgence, multiplying the re- 
mission of penance by forties.- Bp. Taylor. 

QUADRAGE SIMAL, kwod-ra-jes'-se-nml. 414. a. 
[quadragesima, Lat.] Lenten ; belonging to Lent; 
used in Lent. Sanderson. 

QUADRAGE'SIMALS*, kwod-ra-jes'-se-malz.n. s. 
Offerings formerly made, on midlent Sunday, to 
the mother church. 

QUA'DRANGLE, kwod'-rang-gl. 414. n. s. [qw.d- 
ratus and angulus, Lat.] A square ; a surface with 
four right angles. Slutkspeare. 

QUADRANGULAR, kwa-dran'-gu-lfir. 414. a. 
Square; having four right angles. Grew. 

QUA'DRANT, kwa'-drant. 85. n. s. [quad runs, Lat.] 
The fourth part ; the quarter. Brown. The quar- 
ter of a circle. Holder. An instrument with which 
altitudes are taken. Toiler. 

$3= It lias been observed in the Principles, No. 85, 86, 
&c, that w, by articulating the a, gives it the deep 
broad sound, equivalent to the diphthong au ; and that 
u, preceded by q, has exactly the same effect. 41-1. This 
is evident from the sound of a in this and similar words, 
which, till lately, was always pronounced bioad. Some 
innovators have attempted to give the a in this word its 
slender sound; but the publick ear seems in opposition 
to it, nor ought it to bo admitted. The broad sound is 
the genuine English pronunciation, as appears in every 
word where it is succeeded by r. As this consonant, 
when final, or followed by another consonant, gives 
every a that precedes it the Italian sound heard in fa- 
ther; so, when these letters are preceded by qu, or ?o, 
the a falls into tlie broad sound heard in water. Thus, 
as we hear bar, dart, barrel, with the sound of the Ital- 
ian a ; so wc hear war, quart, and quarrel, with the 
German a. Equator, quaver, and words ending with 
hard c, g, and /, have departed from this rule; but a 
sufficient number of words are left to indicate plainly 
what is the analogy, and to direct us, where usage is 
doubtful. W. 

QUADRA NTAL, kwa-dran'-tal. a. Included in the 
fourth part of a circle, Derham. 



QUA'DRATE, kwa'-drate. 91. a. [qimdrotus,LM.'j 
Square ; having lour equal and parallel sides. Di- 
visible into four equal parts. Brown, [quadrans, 
Lat.] Suited ; applicable. Harvey. Square; equal ; 
exact. Howell. 

QUA DRATE, kwa'-drate. 414. n.s. A square; a 
surface with lour equal and parallel sides. Spenser, 
[quadrat, Fr.l [In astrology.] An aspect of the 
heavenly bodies, wherein they are distant from 
each other ninety degrees, and the same with qnar 
tile. Diet. 
To QUA'DRATE, kwa'-drate. v. n. [qmdro, Lat. ; 
quadrer, Fr.] To suit : to correspond ; to be accom 
modated to. Bp. Bull. 

QUADRA'TICK, kwa-drat'-lk. 414. a. Foursquare? 
belonging to a square. Diet. 

QUADllA'TICK Equations. [In algebra.] Are such 
as retain, on the unknown side, the square of the 
root or the number sought. Harris. 

QUA'DRATURE, kwod'-riUure. n.s. [Fr.; qvad 
ralura, Lat.] The act of squaring. Watts. The 
first and last quarter of the moon. Locke. The 
state of being square; a quadrate ; a square. Mil- 
ton. 

QUADRENNIAL, kwa-dren'-ne-al. ) a. [quad- 

QUADRIE'NNIAL*, kw6d-re-en'-ne-al. \ rienni- 
um, from quatuor and annus, Lat.] Comprising 
four years. Bullokar. Happening once in four 
years. 

QUA'DRIBLE, kw&d'-re-bl. 405. a. [quadro, Lat.] 
That may be squared. DerJiam. 

QUADRl'FID, kwdd'-dre-fld. a. [quadrifidis, Lat.J 
Cloven into four divisions. 

QUADRILA'TERAL§, kw6d-dre-lat'-ter-al. 414. a. 
[quatuor and latus, Lat.] Haying four sides. 
Woodward. 

QUADRILA'TERALNESS, kw&d-dre-lat'-ler-al- 
nfis. n. s. The property of having four right-lined 
sides, forming as many right angles. Diet. 

QUADRl'LLE^a-drn'^lS. n.s. [quadrilla, Span- 
ish.] A game at cards, piayed by four persons. 
Pope. 

QUA'DRIN, kwod'-r?n. n. s. [quadrinus, Lat.] A 
mite; a small piece of money, in value about a far- 
thing. Bailey. 

QUADRINO'MICAL, kw6d-dre-nom'-e-kal.a.[^a- 
tuor and nomen, Lat.] Consisting of four denomi- 
nations. Did. 

QUADRIPA'RTITE §, kwa-drlp-par-tlte. 155. 
[See Bipartite.] a. [quatuor and partitas, Lat.] 
Having four parts; divided into four parts. Sei- 
dell. 

QUADRIPA'RTITELY, k vva-drip'-par-tite-le. ad. 
In a quadripartite distribution. Huloet. 

QUA DRIP ARTI'TION, kw6d-re-par-t?sh'-un. n.s, 
A division by four, or the taking the fourth part of 
any quantity or number. Diet. 

QUADRIPHY'LLOUS, kwod-dre-fil'-lus. a. [qua- 
tuor. and <pv\\ov.] Having four leaves. 

QUADRIRE'ME, kwod'-dre-reme. n.s. [qiu>dri 
rends, Lat.] A galley with four banks of oars. 

QUADRISY'LLABLE, kw&d-dre-sil'-la-bl. 414. 
n. s. [quatuor, and syllable.] A word of four sylla- 
bles. 

QUADRIVA'LVES, kwdd-dre-valvz'. n.s. [qua- 
tuor and valvm, Lat.] Doors with four folds. 

QUADRI'VIAL, kw&d-rfv'-e-al. a. [quadiivium, 
Lat.] Having four ways meeting in a point. B. 
Jonson. 

QUA'DRUPED, kwod'-dru-peU [See Mille- 
pedes.] n. s. [quadrnpede, Fr. ; quadrupen, Lat.l 
An animal that goes on four legs, as perhaps all 
beasts. Brown. 

QUA'DRUPED, kw&d'-dru-peU a. Having four 
feel. Watts. 

QUA'DRUPLE$, kw6d'-dru-pl. a. [quadruplus, 
Lat.] Fourfold ; four times told. Hooker. 

To QUADRIPLICATE, kwa-dnV-ple-kate. 91. 
v. a. [quadi-uplico, Lat.] To double twice ; to make 
fourfold. 

QUADRUPLICA'TION, kw&d-dru-ple-ka'-shfia 
n s. The taking a thing four times. Cotgrave. 
745 



QUA 



QUA 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat ;— me, m£t;— pine, pin;— 



QUA'DRUPLY, kw&d'-dru-ple. ad. To a fourfold 
quantity. Sm>(/£. 

QUjERE, kwe'-re. [Lat.] Inquire; seek; a word 
put when any tiling is recommended to inquiry. 
Mortimer. 

To QUAFF $, kwaf. 85. v. a. [the derivation is un- 
certain.] To drink ; to swallow in large draughts. 
Shakspeare. 

To QUAFF, kwaf. v. ?i. To drink luxuriously. 
Sliakspeare. 

QUA'FFER, kwaf-fur. n, s. He who quaffs. 

To QUA'FFER, kwaf -fur. v. a. To feel out. Der- 
ham. 

QUAGGY, kwag'-ge. 85,283. a. .Boggy ; soft; not 
solid. 

QUA'GMIRES, kwag'-mlre. n.s. [that is, quake- 
mire.] A shaking marsh ; a bog that trembles un- 
der the feet. Tusser. 

QUAID, kwade. part, [for quailed.'] Crushed ; de- 
jected ; depressed. Spenser. 

QUAIL §, kwale. n. s. [quaglia, IlaL] A bird of game. 
Ray. 

QUAFLPIPE, kwale'-plpe. n. s. A pipe with which 
fowlers allure quails. Addison. 

To QUAIL $, kwale. v.n. [quelen, Teut.] To lan- 
guish ; to sink into dejection. Spenser. 

To QUAIL, kwale. v. a. [cpellan, Sax.] To crush; 
to quell ; to depress. Spenser. 

QUAFLING*, kwa'-llng. n. s. Act of failing in reso- 
lution ; declination; diminution; decay. Sliak. 

QUAINT §, kwant. a. [coint, Fr. ; comptus, Lat.] 
Nice; scrupulously, minutely, superfluously ex- 
act. Sidney. Strange; odd; unusual; wonderful. 
Milf.on. Subtile; artful. Chaucer. Neat; pretty; 
exact. Sliak. Subtilely excogitated; finespun. 
Sliak. Affected; foppish. Swift. 

QUAPNTLY, kwant'-le. ad. Nicely ; exactly; with 
petty elegance. B. Jonson. Artfully. Shak. In- 
geniously ; with success. Gay. 

QUAINTNESS, kwant'-ngs. n. s. Nicety; petty 
elegance Pope. 

To QUAKE §, kwake. v. n. [cpacian, Sax.] To 
shake with cold or fear ; to tremble. Sidney. To 
shake ; not to be solid or firm. Pope. 

To QUAKE*, kwake. v. a. To frighten ; to throw 
into trepidation. Sliakspeare. Ob. T. 

QUAKE, kwake. n. s. A shudder ; a tremulous agi- 
tation. Suckling. 

QUA'KER*, kwa'-kfir. n. s. [general!}' supposed to 
be from quake, on account of the tremblings with 
which the speakers of this sect are described.] One 
of a religious sect, distinguished by several par- 
ticularities in opinions and manners; and especial- 
ly by peaceable demeanour. Hudibras. 

QUAKERISM*, kwa'-k&r-lzm. ) n. s. The no- 

QUAKERY*, kwa'-k&r-e. $ tions of Quakers. 

South. 

QUAKERLY*, kw^-kur-le. a. Resembling Qua- 
kers. Goodman. 

QUAKING*, kwa'-klng. n. s. [cpacun£, Sax.] 
Trepidation. Ezek. xii. 

QUAKING-GRASS, kwa'-kfng-gras. n.s. An herb. 
Ainsworth. 

QUA' LIFI ABLE*, kw&l'-le-fl-a-bl. a. That maybe 
abated or qualified. Barrow. 

QUALIFICATION, kw6l-!e-fe-ka'-sh6n. n. s. That 
which makes any person or thing fit for any thing. 
Swift. Accomplishment. Atterbury. Abatement; 
diminution. Raleigh. 

QUALIFIER*, kwolMe-fi-ur. n. s. That which 
modifies, or qualifies. Junius. 

To QUALIFY §, kwol'-le-fl. 86. v. a. [qualifier, Fr.] 
To fit for any thing. Bacon. To furnish with qual- 
ifications. Sliak. To make capable of any em- 
ployment or privilege: as, He is qualified to kill 
game. To abate; to soften; to diminish. SJiak. 

' To ease ; to assuage. Spenser. To modify ; to reg- 
ulate. Broum. 

QUALIT1ED*, kw6F-le-t?d. a. Disposed with re- 
gard to the passions. Hales. 
QUALITY '„ kw6l'-le-te. 86. n. s. [qualitas. Lat. ; 
qualite 1 , Fr.] Nature relatively considered. Hooker. 



■ I to 

t, Lent, 



[quar- 



Property; accidental adjunct. Bentley. Particu- 
lar efficacy. Shuk. Disposition; temper. Shak. 
Virtue or vice. Dryden. Accomplishment; quali- 
fication. Clarendon. Character. Bacon. Com- 
parative or relative rank. Hooker. Rank ; supe- 
riority of birth or station. Sliak. Persons of high 
rank. Addison. 

QUALM §, kwam. 403. [kwam, Jones ; kwam, Per- 
ry.] n. 5. [cpealm, Sax.] A sudden fit of sickness ; 
a sudden seizure of sickly languor. Shakspeare. 

QUA'LMISH, kwanV-lsh. a. "Seized with sickly 
languor. Sliakspeare. 

QUANDA'RY $, kwftn-da'-re. n. s. [qu' en diraije, 
Fr.] A doubt; a difficulty ; an uncertainty : a iow 
word. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To QUANDA'RY*, kwon-da'-re. r. a. To bring 
into a difficulty. Otway. 

QUA'NTITATD/E*, kwon'-te-ta-tlv. a. Estimable 
according to quantity. Bp. Taylor. 

QUANTIT1VE, kwon'-te-rfv. a. Estimable accord- 
ing to quantity. Digby. 

QUANTITY §, kwon'-te-te. 86. n. s. [quantite, Fr. ; 
quaniitas, Lat.] That property of any thing which 
may be increased or diminished. Cheyne. Any 
indeterminate weight or measure : as, The metals 
were in different quantities. Bulk or weight. Dry- 
den. A portion ; a part. Sluik. A large portion. 
Arbut.hnot. The measure of time in pronouncing 
a syllable. Drayton. 

QUA'NTUM,kw6n'-ium. n. s. [Lat.] The quan- 
tity; the amount. Swifi. 

To QUAP*. See To Quob. 

QUAR*. SeeQuARRE. 

QUA'RANTAIN, ) . fi - ^ , , 

QUARANTINE, \ k * or - ran - t6en • nz - 
antain, Fr.; from the Lat. quarentena, L>ent, or 
the term of forty days.] The space of forty days, 
being the time which a ship, suspected of infection, 
is obliged to forbear intercourse or commerce. 
Swift. [In law.] A benefit allowed by the law of 
England to the widow of a man dying seized of 
land, whereby she may challenge to continue in 
his capital messuage, by the space of forty days 
after his decease. Selden. 

QUARRE. n. s. A quarry. Drayton. Ob. J. 

QUARREL §, kw&r'-ril. 86, 414. n.s. [querelle, Fr.] 
A breach of concord. Hammond. A brawl ; a 
petty fight ; a scuffle. Sliak. A dispute ; a contest. 
Hooker. A cause of debate. Shak. Something 
that gives a right to mischief, reprisal, or action. 
Bacon. Objection ; ill-will. St. Mark, vi. Any 
one peevish or malicious. Shak. [quarel, old Fr. ; 
quadrella, IlaL] An arrow with a square head. 
Camden. A square of glass, [quadrum, Lat.] Sher- 
wood. The instrument with which a square or 
pane of glass is cut; the glazier's diamond. Donee. 

To QUARREL, kw6r'-r?l. 99. v. n. [qverelkr. Fr.] 
To debate ; to scuffle ; to squabble. Shak. To fall 
into variance. Shak. To fight; to combat. Dry- 
den. To find fault ; to pick objections. Bramhall. 
To disagree; to have contrary principles. Cow- 
ley. 

To QUARREL*. kwor'-rll. v. a. To quarrel with. 
B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

QUARRELLER, kwSr'-rll-ur. 98. n.s. He who 

Suarrels. Bale. 
A'RRELLING*, kwdr'-ril-lng. n. s. Breach of 
concord; dispute; objection; disagreement. Ec- 
clus. xxxi. 

QUARRELLOUS, kwcV-ril-us. a. [querelleux, 
Fr.] Petulant; easily provoked to enmity. Shak- 
speare. 

QUA RRELSOME, kw6r'-rfl-sum. a. Inclined to 
brawls ; easily irritated ; irascible ; cholerick ; pet- 
ulant. Baron. 

QUARRELSOMELY, kwor'-rll-sum-le. ad. In a 
quarrelsome manner ; petulantly ; cholerickly. 

QUARRELSOMENESS, kwor'-rfl-sum-nes. n. s. 
Cholerickness ; petulance. Bp. Hall. 

QUARRY §, kw&V-re. 86. n.s. [quarre, Fr.] A 
square. Mortimer, [quarreau, quadreau, Fr.] An. 
arrow with a square head. Fairfax, [from querir 
744 



QUA 



QUE 



•116, move, n6V, not ;— tube, t&b, bfill ;— ofl;— pSAnd ;— thin, Tiiis. 



trange. 
To QUARRY*, kwdr'-re 

quarry. Goldsmith. 
QUA RRYMAN, kwcV-re-man 



Fr.] Game flown at by a hawk. Spenser. A heap I 
of game killed. Shak. [quarriere, quarrel, Fr.] A 
stone mine ; a place where they dig stones. Baron. 
To QUARRY, lcwA^-re. v. n. To prey upon. L'Es- 

To dig out of a 

8. n. s. One who 
digs in a quany. Woodward. 
QUART, kwdrt. 86, 414. n.s. [Fr.] The fourth 
part ; a quarter. Spenser. The fourth part of a gal- 
lon. Shak. [quarte, Fr.] The vessel in which strong 
drink is commonly retailed. Shak. A sequence of 
four cards at the game of piquet. 
QUARTAN, kwor'-tan. n. s. [febris quartana,'Ldl.~\ 

The fourth dav ague. B^own. 
QUART A'TIO'N, kwdr-t&'-sh&n. n.s. A chymical 

operation. Boijle. 
QUARTER §, K\v6r'-nV. 86. n. s. [quart, quartier, 
Fr.] A fourth part. Shak. A region of the skies, 
as referred to the seaman's card. Shak. A par- 
ticular region of a town or country. Abbot. The 
place where soldiers are lodged or stationed. Cow- 
let). Proper station. Bacon. Remission of life ; 
mercy granted by a conqueror. Clarendon. Treat- 
ment' shown by an enemy. Collier. Friendship; 
amity; concord. Sluxk. A measure of eight bush- 
els. Heylin. — False quarter is a cleft or chink in a 
quarter of a horse's hoof from top to bottom. 
To QUARTER, kwdr'-lur. v. a. To divide into 
four parts. Shak. To divide ; to break by force. 
Shak. To divide into distinct regions. Dryden. 
To station or lodge soldiers. Dryden. To lodge ; 
to fix on a temporary dwelling. Sluxk. To diet. 
Hudibras. To bear as an appendage to the he- 
reditary arms. Peacham. 
QUARTERAGE, kwdr'-tfir-idje. 90. n. s. A quar- 
terly allowance. Hudibras. 
QU'ARTERDAY, kwdr'-t&r-da. h. s. One of the 
four days in the year on which rent or interest is 
paid. Fell. 
QUARTERDECK, kw6r'-tur-dek. n.s. The short 

upper deck. 
QUARTERING*, kw&r'-tur-ing. n. s. Station. 
Mouniagu. Appointment of quarters for soldiers. 
Jura Cleri. A partition of a shield containing 
many coats of arms. Ash-mole. 
QUARTERLY, kwdr'-t&r-le. a. Containing a 

fourth part. Holder. 
QUARTERLY, kwfir'-tur-le. ad. Once in a quar- 
ter of a year. 
QUARTERMASTER, kwfV-tfir-ma-slfir. n. s. 
One who regulates the quarters of soldiers. Taller. 
QUARTERN, kwfir'-tirn. 98. n. s. A gill or the 

fourth part of a pint. 
QUARTER-SESSIONS*, kwor'-t&r-sesh'-unz. 

n.s. One kind of court of law. Blackstone. 
QUARTERSTAFF, kwdr'-tur-slaf. n.s. A staff of 

defence. Dryden. 
QUARTILE, kw&r'-tfl. 140, 145. n. s. An aspect of 
the planets, when they are three signs, or ninety 
degrees, distant from each other. Harris. 
QUARTO, kw6r'-l6. n. s. [quartus, Lat.] A book 
in which every sheet, being twice doubled, makes 
four leaves. Watts. 
QUARTZ*, kwortz. n. s. A kind of stone. Kirwan. 
To QUASH §, kw&sh. v. a. [cpyr-an, Sax.] To 
crush; to squeeze. Waller. To subdue suddenly. 
Roscommon, [cassus, Lat. ; casser, Fr.] To annul ; 
to nullify ; to make void. 
To QUASH, kw&sh. v. n. To be shaken with a 

noise. Ray. 
QUASH, kwosh. n. s. A pompion. Ainsworth. 
QUASSA'TION*, kwas-sa'-sh&n. n.s. [quassatio, 
Lat.] The act of shaking ; the state of being shaken. 
Gayton. Ob. T. 
QUA'SSIA*, kwosh'-she-a. n. s. A medicinal bitter. 
QUAT*, kwot. n.s. A pustule; a pimple. Sfutk- 

speare. 
QUATERCOUSINS, ka'-ter-kfiz-z'nz. 415. n.s. 
pi. Those within the first four degrees of kindred. 
Skinner. 

S4 



QUATERNARY, kwa-teV-nar-c. n.s. [quaternari- 

lis, Lat.] The number four. Boyle. 
QUATERNARY*, kwa-teV-nar-e. a. Consisting ol 

four. F. Gregory. 
QUATERNION §. kwa-uV-ne-un. n.s. [quaternio, 
Lat.] The number four ; a file of four soldiers. 
Acts, xi 1. 
To QUATERNION*, kwa-ier'-ne-fin. *. a. To di- 
vide into files or companies. Milton. Ob. T. 
QUATERNITY, kwa-ter'-ne-te. n.s. [quaternus, 

Lat.] The number four. Brown. 
QUATRA'IN, kwa'-trm. 208. «. s. [quatrain, Fr.] 
A stanza of four lines rhyming alternately. Dryden. 
To QUAVER, kwave. v. n. [va£ian, Sax.] To 

shake ; to vibrate. 
QUA'VEMIRE*, kwave'-mlre. n.s. A quagmire. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 

To QUA'VER, kwa'-vur. 86. [See Quadrant.] 

v. n. To shake the voice ; to speak or sing with a 

tremulous voice ; to produce a shake on a musical 

instrument. Sidney. To tremble ; to vibrate. Ray. 

QUA'VER*, kwa'-v&r. n. s. A shake of the voice, 

or a shake on a musical instrument. Addison. A 

musical note, equal in time to half a crotchet. 

QUA'VERED*, kwa'-vfird. part. a. Distributed 

into quavers ; uttered in quavers. Harmar. 
QU A'VERER*, kwa'-vur-fir. n. s. A warbler ; " one 

that in singing useth to divide much." Cotgrave. 
QUA'VERING*, kwa'-vur-mg. n. s. Act of shaking 
the voice, or of producing a shake on a musical in- 
strument. Bacon. 
QUAY, ke. 220. n. s. [quai, Fr. ; kaey, Dan.] A key ; 
an artificial bank to the sea or river, on which 
goodsfcre conveniently unladen. Blackstone. 
QUEACH $#, kweetsh. n. s. A thick, bushy plot. 

Chapman. 
To QUEACH*, kweetsh. v. n. To stir ; to move. 
QUE'ACHY, kweetsh'-e. a. See To Quich. 
Shaking; quaggy; unsolid; unsound. Drayton. 
[from the substantive queach.] Thick; bushy. 
Cockeram. 
QUEAN, kwene. 8. [kwane, Sheridan.] n. s. [quens, 
Goth. ; cpen, Sax.] A worthless woman ; general- 
ly, a strumpet. Shakspeare. 
QUE'ASINESS, kwe'-ze-nes. n. s. The sickness of 

a nauseated stomach. Shakspeare. 
QUE'ASY §, kwe'-ze. a. [of uncertain etymology.] 
Sick with nausea. Shak. Fastidious; squeamish; 
delicate. Shak. Requiring to be delicately han- 
dled; tender. SJuikspeare. 
QUEEN §, kween. 8. n. s. [cpen, Sax.] The wife 
of a king. Sluik. A woman who is sovereign of a 
kingdom. Locke. 
To QUEEN, kween. v. n. To play the queen. Shak. 
QUEEN-APPLE, kwcen'-ap-pl. n. s. A species of 

apple. Mortimer. 
QUEE'NING, kween'-mg. 410. n. s. An apple. 

Mortimer. 
QUEE'NLIKE*, kweeu'-llke. a. Resembling a 

queen. Drayton. 
QUEE'NLY*, kweenMe. a. Becoming a queen ; 

suitable to a queen. 
QUEER §, kweer. a. [probably from the German 
qwazr, or quer, opposite, cross.] Odd ; strange j 
original ; particular. Spectator. 
QUEERLY, kweer'-le. ad. Particularly ; oddly. 
QUEERNESS, kweer'-n£s. n. s. Oddness ; particu- 
larity. 
QUEEST, kweest. n. s. [questus, Lat.] A ringdove ; 

a kind of wild pigeon. 
QUEINT*. pret. and part, of To quench. Gower. 
To QUELL §, kw£l v. a. [cpellan, Sax.] To crush } 

to subdue ; originally, to kill. Milton. 
To QUELL, kweL v. n. To abate. Spenser. 
QUELL, kweL n. s. Murder. Shakspeare. Oh. J. 
QUE'LLER, kweT-l&i. 98. n. s. One that crushes or 

subdues. Milton. 
QUE'LQUECHOSE, keV-sh&ze. n.s. [Fr.] A 

trifle , a kickshaw. Donne. 
To QUEME, kweem. v. a. fcpeman, Sax.] To 

please. Gower. Ob. J. 
To QUENCH $, kw8nsh. v. a. [cpencan, Sax.] To, 
745 



QUE QUI 




QT 559.— Fate, far, fan", fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin;— 





extinguish fire. Sidney. To still any passion or 

commotion. Whole Duty of Man. To allay thirst 

South. To destroy. Dairies 
To QUENCH, kwensh. v. n. To cool; to grow cool 

Shakspeare. A „,, 

QUE'NCHABLE, kwensh'-a-bl. a. That may be 

quenched. Shenvood. 
QUENCHER, kwensh'-ur. 98. n. s. Extinguisher 

one that quenches. Hammond. 
QUE'NCHLESS, kwensh'-les. a. Unextinguisha- 

ble. Shakspeare. \ ,,,.. ,„', 

QUE'RELE, kwe'-rel. n. s. [querela, Lat. ; querelle 

Fr.] A complaint to a court. Aijliffe. 
QUF/RENT, kwe'-rent. n.s. [querens, Lat.] The 

complainant ; the plaintiff, [quxrens, Lat.] An 

inquirer. Aubrey. 
QUERIMO'NIOUS §, kwer-re-mo'-ne-us. a. [queri- 

monia, Lat.1 Querulous ; complaining. 
QUERIMO'NIOUSLY, kwer-re-mo'-ne-us-le. ad. 

Querulously; with complaint. Denham. 
QUERIMONIOUSNESS, kwer-re-md'-ne-us-nes. 

n. s. Complaining temper. 
QUE'RISTjkwe cht.n.s. [qucero, Lat.] An inquirer; 

an asker of questions. Spectator. 
QUERK*. See Quirk. 
QUE'RKENED* kwerk'-knd. a. Choked. See 

QuACKENED. 

QUERN, kwem. n.s. [cpeopn, Sax.] A handmill. 
Shakspeare. 

QUE'RPO, kwer'-po. n. s. [cuerpo, Span.] A dress 
close to the body ; a waistcoat. Dry den. 

QUE'RRY, kweV-re. n. s. [for equerry.'] A groom 
belonging to a prince, or one conversant in the 
king's stables, and having the charge of h^ horses; 
also the stable of a prince. Bp. Hall. 

QUE'RULOUS §, kweV-ru-l&s. a. [querulus, hat.] 
Mourning ; whining ; habitually complaining. 
Hooker. 

QUE'RULOUSLY, kwer'-ru-lus-le. ad. In a com- 
plaining manner. Young. 

QUE'RULOUSNESS, kweV-ru-lus-n&. n. s. Hab- 
it or quality of complaining mournfully. 

QUE'RYS, kwe'-re. n.s. [qucere, Lat.] A question; 
an inquiry to be resolved. Newton. 

To QUE'RY, kwe'-re. v. n. To ask questions. Pope. 
To express doubts. Bihlioth. Bibl. 

To QUE'RY*, kwe'-re. v. a. To examine by ques- 
tions : a low expression. Gayton. To doubt of. 

QUESTS, kwest. n.s. [queste, Fr.] Search; act of 
seeking. Spenser, [for inquest.] An empannelled 
jury. Sliak. Searchers. Slmk. Inquiry; exam- 
ination. Request ; desire ; solicitation. Herbert. 

To QUEST, kwest. v.n. [quker, Fr.] To go in 
search. B. Jonson. 

To QUEST*, kwest. v. a. To search for ; to seek 
for. Sir T. Herbert. 

QUEST ANT, kwes'-tant. v.. s. [quester, Fr.] Seek- 
er ; endeavourer after. Shakspeare. 

QUESTION $, kweV-tshun. 464. n.s. [question, 
Fr. ; qucestio, Lat.] Interrogatory; any thing in- 
jured. Bacon. Inquiry; disquisition. Bacon. A 
dispute; a subject of debate. St. John, iii. Affair 
to be examined. Swift. Doubt; controversy; dis- 
pute. Shak. Judicial trial. Hooker. Examina- 
tion by torture. Aijliffe. State of being the sub- 
ject of present inquiry. Hooka: Endeavour ; act 
of seeking. Sliakspeare. 

To QUESTION, kweV-tshun. v.n. To inquire. 
Spenser. To debate by interrogatories. Shak. 

To QUESTION , kweV-tshun. v. a. [ questixmner, Fr.] 
To examine one by questions. Slmk. To doubt ; 
to be uncertain of. Prior. To have no confidence 
in ; to mention as not to be trusted. South. 

QUESTIONABLE, kweV-tshan-a-bl. a. Doubtful ; 
disputable. Hooker. Suspicious; liable to suspi- 
cion; liable to question. Shakspeare. 

QUESTIONABLENESS, kwes'-tshfin-a-bl-nes. 
n. s. The quality of being questionable. 

QUESTIONARY, kwesMshfin-a-re. a. Inquiring; 
asking questions. Pope. 

QUESTIONER, kwes'-tshun-ur. n. s. An inquirer. 
Abp. Cranmer. 



QUESTIONIST*, kweV-tshfin-lst. n.s. A question- 
er ; an inquirer. Bp. Hall. 
QUESTIONLESS, kweV-tshfin-les. ad. Certainly; 

without doubt ; doubtless. Raleigh. 
QUESTMAN, kwest'-man. 88. ) n . s . [quest. 

QUESTMONGER, kwest'-m&ng-g&r. \ man, and 

monger.] Starter of lawsuits or prosecutions ; one 

having power to make legal inquiry. Bacon. 
QUESTOR*, kweV-t&r. n. s. [quaestor, Lat.] An 

officer among the Romans, who had the manage- 
ment of the publick treasure. Fulke. 
QUESTORSHIP*, kwes'-tfir-shfp. n. s. Office of 

aquestor. Milton. 
QUE STRIST, kwes'-trfst. n. s., [quistre, old Fr.] 

Seeker; pursuer. Shakspeare. 
QUESTUARY, kweV-tshu-a-re. a. [qucestus, Lat.] 

Studious ofprofit. Brown. 
QUESTUARY*, kwes'-tshu-a-re. n. s. One employ 

ed to collect profits. Bp. Taijlor. 
QUEUE*. See Cue. 
QUD3, kwlb. n. s. A sarcasm; a bitter taunt. Ains- 

worth. The same, perhaps, with quip. 
QUFBBLE$, kwlb'-bl. 405. n.s. [from quip.] A 

slight cavil ; a low conceit depending on the sound 

of words ; sort of pun. Addison. 
To QUFBBLE, kwib'-bl. v. n. To pun ; to play on 

the sound of words. V Estrange. 
QUFBBLER, kwib'-bl-fir. 98. «. s. A punster. 
QUICE*. SeeQuEEST. 
To QUICH*,kwhsh. v.n. [cpiccian, Sax.] To stir; 

to move. Spenser. 
QUICK §, kwik. a. [epic. Sax.] Living ; not dead. 

Wkliffe. Swift; nimble; done with celerit}'. 

Hooker. Speedy; free from delay. Milton. Ac- 
tive ; sprightly ; ready. Wisd. viii. Pregnant. 

Shakspeare. 
QUICK, kwik. ad. Nimbly ; speedily; readily. Shak. 
QUICK, kwik. n. s. A live animal. Spenser. The 

living flesh ; sensible parts. Bacon. Living plants. 

Mortimer. 
To QUICK*, kwik. v. a. To make alive. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 
To QUICK* kwik. v.n. To become alive. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 
QUFCKBEAM, or Quickentree, kwik'-beme. n. s. 

A species of wild ash. Mortimer. 
To QUICKENS, kwik'-kn. 103. v. a. [epiccan, 

Sax.] To make alive. Ps. xxii. To hasten; to 

accelerate. Bacon. To sharpen ; to actuate ; to 

excite. Sidney. 
ToQUFCKEN, kwik'-kn. v.n. To become alive : 

as a woman quickens with child. ShaJcspeare. To 

move with activity. Pope. 
QUFCKENER, kwik'-kn-ur. n. s. One who makes 

alive. That which accelerates ; that which actu- 
ates. More. 
QUICKEYED*, kwik'-lde. a. Having sharp sight ; 

making keen observation. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
QUFCKGRASS, kwik'-gras. n. s. Dog-grass. 
QUI'CKLIME, kwik'-llme. n. s. Lime unquenched. 

Hill. 
QUFCKLY, kwlk'-le. ad. Soon; speedily; without 

delay. South. 
QUFCKNESS, kwik'-nes. n.s. Speed; velocity; 

celerity. Wilkins. Activity ; briskness. Wolton. 

Keen sensibility. Locke. Sharpness; pungency. 

Dry den. 
QUFCKSAND, kwnV-sand. n.s. Moving sand; un- 

solid ground. Acts, xxvii. 
QUICKSCE'NTED*, kwik-sent'-ed. a. Having 

quick perception by the nose ; discovering by the 

smell. Hales. 
To QUFCKSET, kwik'-set. v. a. To plant with liv- 
ing plants. Tusser. 
QUFCKSET, kwik'-set. n.s. Living plant set to 

grow. Drayton. 
QUICKSFGHTED, kwik-sl'-ted. a. Having a sharp 

sight. Locke. 
QUICKSFGHTEDNESS, kwik-si'-tecl-ne's. n.s. 

Sharpness of sight. Locke. 
QUFCKSILVER, kwik'-sil-vfir. 98. n.s. A fluid 

mineral, called mercury by *he chymists. HilL 



QUI 



QUI 



-n6, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tflb, bull ;— 6il ;— -p6und ;— thin, this. 



QUI 



QUICKSILVERED, kwik'-sil-vflrd. 339. a. Over- 
laid with quicksilver. Newton. Partaking- of the 
nature of quicksilver. Sir E. Sandys. 
QUICKWITTED*, kwlk-wit'-ted. a. Having- rea- 
dy wit. Sludcspeare. 
QUID*, kvvid. 7i.s. [a corruption ofcwrf.l Something 
chewed : as, in vulgar language, a quid of tobacco. 
Pegge. 
QUI DAM, kwl'-dam. n. #. [Lat.] Somebody. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

IDDANY, kw?d'-da-ne. n. s. [quidden, Germ.] 

Marmalade j confection of quinces made with 

sugar. 

QUIDDIT, kw?d^-dit. n. s. [corrupted from quidli- 

bet, Lat.l A subtiltv ; an equivocation. Shakspeare. 

QUIDDITY, kwld'-e-te. n.'s. [quidditas, low Lat.] 

Essence} that which is a proper answer to the 

question, quid est? a scholastick term. Abp.Cran- 

mer. A trifling nicety } a cavil. Camden. 

QUIE'SCENCES, kwl-es'-sgnse. 510. n.s. [quiesco, 

Lat.] Rest ; repose. Glanville. 
QUIE'SCENT, kwl-eV-sgnt. a. [quiescent, Lat.] 
Resting ; not being in motion ; not movent 5 lying 
at repose. Glanviue. 
QUIET y, kwl'-St. 99. a. [quiet, Fr. ; quietus, Lat.] 
Still } free from disturbance. Spenser. Peaceable 5 
not turbulent. 1 Pet. hi. Still ; not in motion. 
Judges, xvi. Smooth } not ruffled. Shakspeare. 
QUPET\ kwl'-gt. n. s. [quies, Lat.] Rest ; repose ; 

tranquillity} peace; stillness. Judges, xviii. 
To QUIET, kwl'-gt. v. a. To calm 5 to lull ; to paci- 
fy } to put to rest. Milton. To still. Locke. 
QUIETER, kwl'-et-ur. n. s. The person or thing 

that quiets. 
QUIETISM, kwl'-lt-fzm. n. s. The sentiments of 
the religious sect, called Quietists, which made a 
great noise towards the close of the seventeenth 
century} and of which Molinos, a Spanish priest, 
is reputed the founder. Temple. 
QUIETIST*, kwl'-e-tfst, n. s. One of the mystical 
sect which has maintained that religion consists in 
the internal rest and recollection of the mind. 
Trapp. 
QUIETLY, kwi'-gt-Ie. ad. Calmly ; without violent 
emotion. Bp. Taylor. Peaceably ; without offence. 
Bacon. At rest ; without agitation. 
QUPETNESS, kwi'-el-nes. n. s. Coolness of temper. 
Sidney. Peace} tranquillity. Shakspeare. Still- 
ness ; calmness. Reynolds. 
QUPETSOME, kwl'-eH-sam. a. Calm 5 still j undis- 
turbed. Spenser. Ob. J. 
QUIETUDE, kwl / -e-tude.ra..y. [quietude, Fr.] Rest} 

repose } tranquillity. Wotton. 
QUIE'TUS*, kwl-e'-tus. n. s. [Lat.] Final discharge} 
complete acquittance : originally, a law term. 
Shakspeare. 
QUILL §, kwfl. n.s. The hard and strong feather of 
the wing, of which pens are made. Bacon. The 
instrument of writing. Wotton. Prick or dart of 
a porcupine. Arbuthnot. Reed on which weavers 
wind their threads. Spenser. The instrument with 
which musicians strike their strings. Dryden. 
To QUILL*, kwil. v.q. To plait ; to form in plaits, 

or folds, like quills. Addison. 
QUPLLET, kwil'-llt. 99. n. s. [quidlibet, Lat.] Sub- 
tilty ; nicety } fraudulent distinction ; petty cant. 
Sliakspeare. 
QUILT y, kwllt. n. s. [kulcht, Dutch.] A cover made 
by stitching one cloth over another with some soft 
substance between them. Bacon.. 
To QUILT, kwllt. v. a. To stitch one cloth upon 
another with something soft between them. Spenser. 
QUINARY, kwl-na-re. a. [quinarius, Lat.] Con- 
sisting of five. Boyle. 
QUINCE, kvvlnse. n. s. [coin, Fr. ; quidden, Germ.] 

The tree. Miller. The fruit. Peacham. 
To QUINCH, kwinsh. v. n. [the same with quich.] 

To stir. Spenser. 
QUINCU'NCIAL, kwln-kfing'-shal. 408. a. Having 

the form of a quincunx. Ray. 
QUINCUNX,kxvhg'-kbtigks. n.s. [Lat.] Apian 
tation of trees, disposed originally in a square, con 



sisting of five trees, one at each comer, and a fifth 
in the middle, which disposition, repeated again 
and again, forms a regular grove, wood, or wil- 
derness. Ray. 
#5" As the accent is on the first syllable of this word, it 
is under the same predicament as the first syllable of 
congregate. — See Principles, No. 408. W. 
Q UINQ UAGE'SIMA, kwln-kwa-jes'-se-ma. n. s. 
[Lat.] Quinquagesima Sunday, so called because 
it is the fiftieth day before Easier, reckoned by 
whole numbers ; Shrove Sunday. Diet. 
QUINQU ANGULAR, kwln-kwang'-gu-lar. 408. 
a. [quinque and angulus, Lat.] Having- five cor 
ners. Woodward. 
QUINQUARTICULAR, kwln-kwar-tlk'-iVlar. a. 
[quinque. and artiadus, Lat.] Consisting of five ar- 
ticles. Sanderson. 
QUINQUEFID, kwln'-kwe-fld. a. [quinque and 

Jindo, Lat.] Cloven in five. , 
QUINQUEFQ'LIATED, kwln-kwe-fiV-le-a-teU a. 

[quinque and folium, Lat.] Having five leaves. 

QUINQUE'NNIAL, kwln-kweV-ne-al. a. [quin- 

quennis, Lat.] Lasting five years } happening once 

in five years. Potter. 

QUIN'SY, kwln'-ze. n. s. [corrupted from squinan- 

cy.~\ A tumid inflammation in the throat. Arbuthnot. 

QUINT, klnt. n.s. [quint, Fr.] A set of five. Hudib. 

QUIN'TAIN, kwhi'-tln. 208. n. s. [quintaine, Fr.] A 

post with a turning top. ^Shakspeare. 
QUINTAL, kwln'-tal. n. s. [quintal,Fr.] A hundred 

weight to weigh with. 
QUINTESSENCE §, kwlnMes-sense. n.s. [quinta 
essentia, Lat.] A fifth being. Watts. An extract 
from any thing, containing all its virtues in a small 
quantity. Davies. 
§£T All our orthoepists but Dr. Ash place the accent on 
the first syllable of this word. My opinion is, that it is 
among those which may have the accent either on the 
first or third, as the rhythm of the phrase requires, 524 ; 
and this, perhaps, requires it oftener on the third than 
the first. W. 
QUINTESSENTIAL, kwln-teVsen'-shal. a. Con- 

sisting of quintessence. Hakewill. 
QUINT1N, kwln'-tln. n.s. [gwyntyn, Welsh.] An 
upright post, on the top of which a cross post turn- 
ed upon a pin : at one end of the cross post was a 
broad board, and at the other a heavy sand-bag : 
the play was to ride against the broad end with a 
lance, and pass by before the sand-bag, coming 
round, should strike the tilter on the back. B 
Jonson. 
QUINTUPLE, kwln'-tu-pl. a. [quintuplus, Lat.] 

Fivefold. Graunt. 
QUIPy, kwlp. n.s. [from whip.] A sharp jest} a 

taunt } a sarcasm. Shakspeare. 
To QUIP, kwlp. v. a. To rally with bitter sarcasms } 

to taunt ; to insult. Spenser. 
To QUIP*, kwlp. v. n. To scoff. Sir H. Sidney. 
QUIRES, kwlre. n.s. [choeur, Fr. } choro, Ital.] A 
bodyfof singers} a chorus. Spenser. Any compa- 
ny or assembly. Spenser. The part of the church 
where the service is sung. Cleaveland. [quaire, old 
Engl. } quaayer, old Fr.] A bundle of paper con- 
sisting of twenty-four sheets. 
To QUIRE, kwire. v. n. To sing in concert. Shak. 
QUIRISTER, kwlr'-rls-tfir. n. s. Chorister j one 
•who sings in concert, generally in divine service 
Thomson. 
JjcS" There is a vulgar pronunciation of the first i in this 
word, which gives it the sound of short e ; this sound 
is proper in quirk, where the r is succeeded by a con- 
sonant, but not in the word in question, where these 
letters are succeeded by a vowel.— See Principles, No. 
108. W. 
QUIRITA'TION*, kwlr-e-ta'-shfin. n.s. [quirita- 

tio, Lat.] A cry for help. Bp. Hall. 
QUIRK y, kwerk. 108. n. s. [from jerk, or tjer/c] 
Quick stroke} sharp fit. Shakspeare. Smart taunt. 
SJiak. Slight conceit. Watts. Flight of fancy. 
SJiak. Subtilty ; nicety } artful distinction. Bur' 
ton. Loose, light tune. Pope. [In building.] A 
piece of ground taken out of any regular ground 
plat, to make a court or yard. Chalmers 
1 747 



QUO 



QUO 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, met;—plne, pin;— 



QUFRKISH*, kwirk'-ish. a. Consisting of a slight 

conceit, or an artful distinction. Barrow. 
To QUIT $, kwh. v.a. part. pass, quit ; pret. J quit 
or quitted, [quitter, Fr.] To discharge an obliga- 
tion ; to make even. Jos. ii. To set free. Bp. 
Taylor. To carry through; to discharge ; to per- 
form. Daniel. To clear himself of an affair. 1 
Sam. iv. To repay ; to requite. Spenser. To 
vacate obligations. B. Jonson. To pay any ob- 
ligation ; to clear a debt ; to be tantamount. Hook- 
er, [contracted from acquit^ To absolve ; to ac- 
quit. Fairfax. To pay. Fairfax. To abandon ; 
to forsake. Shak. To resign ; to give up. Prior. 
QUI'TCHGRASS, kwitsh'-gras. n. s. [cpice, Sax.] 

Dog-grass. Mortimer. 
QUITE, kwite. ad. [quitte, Fr.] Completely ; per- 
fectly; totally; thoroughly. Hooker. 
QUFTRENT, k vft'-rent. n.s. Small rent reserved. 

Temple. 
QUITS, kwlts. interj. [from quit.] An exclamation 
used when any thing is repaid, and the parties be- 
come even. 
QUI'TTAL*, kwit'-tal. n. s. Return ; repayment. 

Sliakspeare. 
QUITTANCE, kwft'-tanse. n.s. [quitance, Fr.] 
Discharge from a debt or obligation ; an acquit- 
tance. Shakspeare. Recompense; return ; repay- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 
To QUITTANCE, kwit'-tanse. v.a. To repay; to 

recompense. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
QUITTER, kwlt'-tfir. n. s. A deliverer. Scoria 

of tin. Ainsworth. 
QUITTERBONE, kwit'-tar-b6ne. n.s. A hard, 
round swelling upon the coronet, between the heel 
and the quarter, which grows most commonly on 
the inside of the foot. Farrier's Diet. 
QUI'VER §, kwlv'-vur. 98. n. s. [couvrir, Fr.] A 

case or sheath fo~ arrows. Spenser. 
QUI'VER, kwlv'-vur. a. [quivan, Goth.] Nimble; 

active. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To QUI'VER, kwiv'-v&r. v. n. [from To quaver.'] 
To quake ; to play with a tremulous motion. Hob 
iii. To shiver ; to shudder. SidneiT. 
QUI'VERED, qulv'-v&r'd. 395. a. Furnished with a 

quiver. Milton. Sheathed as in a quiver. Pope 
QUIXOTISM*, kwiks'-fit-izm. n.s. [from Don 
Quixote, the celebrated hero of Cervantes.] Ro- 
mantick and absurd notions or actions. Graves. 
To QUOB, kw6b. v. n. [from quap, or quop.] To 
move as the embryo does in the womb ; to move 
as the heart does when throbbing. Cluiucer. 
QUOD*, kw&d. The same as quoth, he saith. Chau- 
cer. 
QUO'DLIBET,kwt>d'-\e-hh. n.s. [Lat.] A nice 

point; a subtilty. Prior. 
QUODLIBETA'RIAN, kw&d-l?b-e-ta'-re-an. n. s. 

One who talks or disputes on any subject. Diet. 
QUODL1BETICAL, kw6d-le-beY-e-kal. a. Not re- 
strained to a particular subject. Fulke. 
QUODLIBETICALLY*, kwod-le-bei'-e-kal-le. ad. 

So as to be debated. Brown. 
QU01F$, kwdlf. [[IT properly Coif. W.] 415. n.s. 
[coejfe, Fr.l Any cap with which the head is cov- 
ered. Sfuikspeare. The cap of a sergeaqt at law. 
To QUOIF, kw61f. 415. v. a. [coeffer, Fr.JTo cap; 

to dress with a head-dress. Addison. 
QUOFFFURE, kwolf-ure. [tr? properly Coif- 
ure. W.] n.s.[coeffure, Fr.] Head-dress. Addison. 
QUOIL. n. s. See Coil. 



QUOIN, kwd?n. n.s. [coin, Fr.l Corner. Sandys 
An instrument for raising warlike engines. Aim 
worth. 

QUOIT $, kw6ft. [[£T properly Coit. W.] 415. n. s 
[coete, Dutch.] Something thrown to a great distance 
to a certain point. Sluik. The discus of the ancients 
is sometimes called in English quoit, but improper- 
ly ; the game of quoits is a game of skill ; the discus 
was only a trial of strength, as among us to throw 
the hammer. 

Q5= Till the orthography of a word is fixed, it will not be 
easy to settle its pronunciation. That the words quoif 
and quoit ought to be written coi/and coit, appears from 
the derivation of the first from the French coeffe, and 
of the second from the Dutch coete ; and if this be grant- 
ed, it will necessarily follow that we ought to pronounce 
them coi/and coit. 415. W. 

To QUOIT, kwoit. v. n. To throw quoits; to play 
at quoits. Dryden. 

To QUOIT, kwdlt. v. a. To throw. Shakspeare. 

QUONDAM, kw6n'-dam. a. [Lat.] Having been 
formerly. Shakspeare. A ludicrous word. 

QUOOK. preterit of quake. Spenser. Ob. J. 

7'oQUOP*. See To Quo b. 

Q UO'R UM, kwo'-rfim. n. s. [Lat.] A bench of jus- 
tices ; such a number of any officers as is sufficient 
to do business. Addison. 

QUOTA, kw6'-ta. n. s. [quoius, quota, Lat.] A 
share; aproportion as assigned to each. Addison. 

QUOTATION, kw6-ta'-shfin. 415. n. s. Share ; pro- 
portion : the original word lor quota. J. Chamberlain. 
The act of quoting ; citation. Passage adduced 
out of an author as evidence or illustration. Locke. 

£5= In this and similar words, Mr. Sheridan and several 
respectable orthoepists pronounce the qu like k ; but, 
as Mr. Nares, justly observes, it is iiot easy to say why. 
If it be answered, that the Latins so pronounced these 
letters, it may be replied, that when we alter our Latin 
pronunciation, it will be time enough to alter those Eng- 
lish words which are derived from that language. W. 

To QUOTES, kw6te. v. a. [quoter, Fr.] To cite an 
author; to adduce the words of another. Whit- 
gift. To note. Sliakspeare. 

QUOTE*, kw6te. n. s. [quote, Fr.] A note upon an 
article. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 

QUO'TER, kw6'-tfir. 98. n. s. Citer ; one that quotes. 
Atterbury. 

QUOTH, kw&i/i, or kwotfi. [kwfc/i, Jones.] verb im- 
perfect, [cpoftan, Sax.] Quoth I, say I or said I; 
quoth he. says he or said he. Sidney. 

§£f* Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, 
Mr. Nares, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce the 
in this word long, as in both ; but Buchanan short, as 
in moth. This latter pronunciation is certainly more 
agreeable to the general sound of before th, as in 
broth, froth, cloth, &c. ; but my ear fails me if I have not 
always heard it pronounced like the in doth, as if 
written kwuth, which is the pronunciation Mr. Elphin- 
ston gives it, and, in my opinion, is the true one. W. 

QUOTFDIAN, kw6-tid'-je-an. a. [quotidien, Fr.; 

quotidianus, Lat.] Daily; happening every day 

Donne. 
QUOTFDIAN, kw6-t?d'-je-an. 224, 293. n. s. A quo 

tidiau fever; a fever which returns every day. 

Sliak. Any thing which returns every day. Mil 

ion. 
QUOTIENT, kwo'-shent. n. s. [Fr. ; quoties, Lat.] 

[In arithmetick.] The number produced by the 

division of the two given numbers the one by the 

other. Cocker. 



RAB 

Rls called the canine letter, because it is ut- 
tered with some resemblance to the growl or 
snarl of a cur : it has one constant sound in Eng- 
lish : as, red, rose, more, muriatick : in words de- 
rived from the Greek, it is followed by an h, rhap- 
sody. 416. 
To R A 'BATE, ra-bate' v. n. [rabattre, Fr.] [In fal- 



RAB 



conry.] To recover a hawk to the fist again. Aim- 

worth. 
RABATO, ra-ba'-tA. n. s. [rabattre, Fr.] A neck 

band; a kind of ruff. Shakspeare. 
To RA'BBET§, rab'-blt. 99. v. a. [rabatre, raboter T 

Fr.] To pare down pieces of wood so as to fit one 

another. Moron. 

748 



RAC 



RAD 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t }— tube, tub, ball ; — 511 ;— pdund ;— tlim, THis. 



RA BBET, rab'-bit. n. s. A joint made by paring 
two pieces so that they wrap over one another. 
M '.wit. 
RA BBIy. rab'-be. or rab'-bl. ; «. $. A doctor among 
RA BBLN y , rdb'-bin. \ the Jews. Came/™. 

OCT The first of theso words, when pronounced in Scrip- 
ture, ought to have the last syllable like tho verb to 
buy W. 
RABBINICAL*, rab-bln'-e-kal. a. Relating to the 

notions of the rabbins. Milton. 
RA BBLXIST*, rab'-bln-Ist. n. s. One of those among 
the Jews, who adhered to the Talmud and its tra- 
ditions. Stackhouse. 
RABBIT, rab'-bit. n. s. [robbe, robbekin, Dut.] A 
fin tv animal that lives on plants, and burrows in 
the ground. Bacon. 
RA'BBLEy, rab'-bl. 405. n. s. [rabula, Lat. ; rabu- 
lure, low Lat.] A tumultuous crowd ; an assembly 
of low people. Shakspeare. 
RABBLE-CHARMING*, nuV-bl-tshW-ing. a. 

Charming the rabble. South. 
RABBLEMENT, rab'-bl-ment. n. s. Any crowd 5 
tumultuous assembly of mean people. Spenser. 
RABID, rab'-bld. 544. a. [rabidus, Lat.] Fierce; 

furious; mad. Wollaston. 
RA'BIDNESS*, rab'-bid-n&s. n. s. Fierceness; fu- 

riousness. Feltham. 
RA'BINET, rab'-e-net. n.s. A kind of smaller ord- 
nance. Ainsworth. 
RACEy, rase. n. s. [Fr. ; from radice, Lat.] A fami- 
ly ascending. Family descending. Milton. A 
generation; a collective family. Shak. A particu- 
lar breed. Chapman. — Race of ginger, [rayz de 
gengibre, Span.] A root or sprig of ginger. Stee- 
vens. — A particular strength or taste of wine ; a 
kind of tartness. Massinger. Any extraordinary 
natural force of intellect. Temple, [ras, Icel.] Con- 
test in running. Milton. Course on the feet. Ba- 
con. Progress; course. Sidney. Train; process. 
Bacon. 
To RACE*, rase. v. n. To run as in a race ; to run 

swiftly. Pope. 
RA'CEHORSE, rase'-horse. n. s. Horse bred to run 

for prizes. Addison. 
RACEMA'TION, ras-se-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. [race- 
matio, Lat.] Cluster, like that of grapes. Brown. 
The cultivation of the clusters of grapes. Burnet. 
RACEMFFEROUS, ras-se-mif-eY-us. a. [racemus 

and fero, Lat.] Bearing clusters. 
RA'CER, rase -or. 98. n. s. Runner; One that con- 
tends in speed. Dorset. 
RACH*, ratsh. n. s. [paecc, Sax.] A hunting dog. 

Gentlemen's Recreation. 
RA CTNESS, ra'-se-nes. n. s. The quality of being 

racy. Blackstone. 
RACKy, rak. /;. s. [racke, Dutch.] An engine to tor- 
ture. Sliak. Torture ; extreme pain. Temple. 
Exaction. Sir E. Sandys. Any instrument by 
which extension is performed. Wilkins. A distaff; 
commonly a portable distaff, from which they spin 
by twirling a ball. It is commonly spoken and 
written rock. Dryden. [racke, Dutch.] Thin va- 
pours in the air. Bacon, [hpacca, Sax.] A neck 
of mutton cut for the table. Burton. A grate ; the 
grate on which bacon is laid. A wooden grate, m 
which hay is placed for cattle. May. Arrack : a 
spirituous liquor. See Arrack. 
To RACK, rale. v. n. To stream or fly, as clouds be- 
fore the wind. Shakspeare. 
To RACK, rak. v. a. To torment by the rack. Cowley. 
To torment ; to harass. Milton. To harass by ex- 
action. Spenser. To screw; to force to perform- 
ance. Hooker. To stretch ; to extend. Shak. To 
defecate ; to draw off from the lees. Bacon. 
RACK-RENT, rak -rent. n. a . [rack and rent.] An- 
nual rent raised to the uttermost. Swift. 
RACK-RENTER, rak'-rent-ar. n. s. One who pays 

the uttermost rent. Locke. 
RA'CKER*, rak'-kSr. n. s. One who torments. 

Sliak. A wrester : as, a rocker of laws. Barret. 
RA'CKETy, rak'-klt. 99. n. s. [of uncertain deriva- 
tion.] An irregular, clattering noise. Shak. A con- 



fused talk. Swift, [raquette, Fr.l The instrument 
with which players at tennis strike the ball. Shak- 
speare. 
To RA'CKET*, rak'-kft. v. a. To strike as at the 

game of racket ; to cuff; to toss. Dr. Hewyt. 
To RA'CKET*, rak'-kU. y. n. To go about in a sort 

of noisy manner; to frolick. Gray. 
RACKETY*, rak'-e-te. a. Making a noise. 
RA'CKING*, rak'-mg. n. s. Torture on a rack. 
More. Torture of mind : as, the rackings of con- 
science. Process of stretching cloth on a rack to 
dry. Act of drawing off liquors from the lees. 
RACKING-/W, rak'-fng-pase. n. s. Racking-pace 
of a horse is the same as an amble, only that it is 
a swifter time, and a shorter tread. Farrier's 
Did. 
RACKOON, [or RACCOON,] rak-koon'. n. s. A 
New England [American] animal, like a badger. 
Bailey. 
RA'CY §, ra'-se. a. [ras.raess, Germ. Suev.] Strong; 

flavorous ; tasting of the soil. Cowley. 
RAD. The old pret. and part, of read. Spenser. 
RAD. Rad, red, and rod, differing only in dialect, 
signifying counsel ; as Conrad, powerful or skilful 
in counsel ; Ethelred, a noble counsellor ; Rodbert, 
eminent for counsel. Gibson, 
To RADDLE §*, rad'-dl. v. a. [ppseb, Sax.] To 

twist together. Defoe. 
RA'DDLE*, rad'-dl. n. s. A long stick used in hedg- 
ing. A raddle hedge is a hedge of pleached or 
twisted twigs or boughs. Tooke. 
RA'DDOCK, rad'-dfik. 166. See Ruddock. 
RADIANCE, ra'-de-anse, or ra'-je-anse. 293, 294. ? 
RA DIANCY, ra'-de-an-se, or ra'-je-an-se. 376. S 
n. s. [radiare, Lat.] Sparkling lustre; glitter. 
Shakspeare. 
RA'DIANT, ra'-de-ant, or ra'-je-ant. a. [radians. 
Lat.] Shining ; brightly sparkling ; emitting rays. 
Bacon. 
RADIANTLY* ra'-de-ant-le. ad. With glitter; 

with sparkling lustre. 
To RA'DIATEy, ra'-de-ale, or ra'-je-ate. v. n. [ra- 
dio, Lat.] To emit rays; to shine; to sparkle. 
Howell. 
To RA'DIATE*, ra'-de-ate, or ra'-te-ate. v. a. To 

enlighten ; to fill with brightness. Dr. Hewyt. 
RA'DIATED.ra'-de-a-ted.a. [radiatus, Lat.] Adorn- 
ed with rays. Addison. 
RADIATION, ra-de-a'-shfin, or ra-je-a'-shfin. 534. 
n. s. [radiatio, Lat.] Beamy lustre ; emission of 
rays. Bacon. Emission from a centre every way. 
Bacon. 
RADICALS, rad'-de-kal. a. [radical, Fr.] Primi- 
tive ; original. Bacon. Implanted by nature. Ba- 
con. Serving to origination. 
RADICA'LITY, rad-de-kal'-e-te. n, s. Origination. 

Brown. 
RA' DIC ALLY, rad'-de-kal-e. ad. Originally ; prim- 
itively. Bi-own. 
RA DIG ALNESS, rad'-de-kal-nes. n. s. The state of 

being radical. 
ERADICATES, rad'-de-kate. 91. v. a. [radica 
tus, Lat.] To root ; to plant deeply and firmly. 
Hammond. 
RADICATE*, rad'-de-kate. a. Deeply infixed 

South. 
RADICA'TION, rad-e-ka'-shfin. ?*. 5. [Fr.l The act 

of taking root and fixing deep. Hammord. 
RA'DICLE, rad -de-kl. 405. n. s. [radicule, Fr.] 
That part of the seed of a plant, which, upon its 
vegetation, becomes its root. Quincy. 
RADISH, rad'-dish. n. s. [pabic, Sax.] A root, 

commonly eaten raw. Miller. 
ft^p This word is commonly, but eorruptly, pronounced 
as if written reddish. The deviation is but small; 
nor do I think it so incorrigible as that of its brother 
esculents, asparagus, cucumber, and lettuce ; which 
see. W. 

RADIUS, ra'-de-fis, or ra'-je-fis. 293, 294. n. s. 
[Lat.] The semi-diameter of a circle. The bone 
of the fore-arm, which accompanies the ulna from 
the elbow to the wrist. 

749 



RAI 



RAI 



[CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;—me, met ;— pine, pin ;■— 



RADIX*, ra'-dlks. n. s. [Lat.] The root. Pilking- 



To RAFF §, raf. v. a. Wafer, Fr.] To sweep; to 
huddle; to take hastily without distinction. Ca- 
rew. 
RAFF* raf. n. s. A confused heap; a jumble. Bar- 
row. A low fellow.— Riff-raff, the mob. Grose. 
RA'FFLE §, raf -fl. n. 5. [ra$e, Fr.l A species of 
.game or lottery, in which many stake a small part 
of the value of some single thing-, in consideration 
of a chance to gain it. Arbuthnot. 
To RA'FFLE, raf-fl. 405. v. n. To cast dice for a 
prize, for which every one lays down a stake. Young. 
RAFT §, raft. 79. n.s. fjiepan, peapian, Sax.] A 
frame or float made by laying pieces of timber 
cross each other. Sliakspeare. 
RAFT, raft. pret. of reave, or raff. Bereft. Spenser. 

Rent; severed. Spenser. 
RA'FTER$, raf-t&r. 98. n. s. [jia^fcep., Sax.; 
rafter, Dutch.] The secondary timbers of the 
house i the timbers which are let into the great 
beam. Donne. 
RA'FTERED, raf-tfir'd. 359. a. Built with rafters. 

Pope. 
RATTY*, raf-te. a. Damp ; musty. Dr. Robin- 
son. 
RAG §, rag. 74. n. s. [h jiacob, Sax.] A piece of 
cloth torn from the rest; a tatter. Milton. Any 
thing rent and tattered; worn-out clothes ; prover- 
bially, mean dress. Shak. A fragment of dress. 
Hudibras. A vulgar person; one of very low 
rank. Spenser. A ragged bluish stone, of which 
whetstones are made. 
To RAG*, rag. v. a. [rme^'ian, Sax.] To rate ; to 

scold opprobriously. Pegge. 
RAGAMU'FFIN, rag-a-muP-fm. n. s. A paltry, 

mean fellow. Shakspeare. 
RAGE$, radje. n. s. [rage, Fr.] Violent anger; 
vehement fury. SJiak. Vehemence or exacerba- 
tion of any thing painful. Bacon. Enthusiasm; 
rapture. Cowley. Eagerness ; vehemence of mind : 
as. a rage of money -getting. Pope. 
To RAGE, radje. 74. v. n. To be in fury ; to be 
heated with excessive anger. Prov. xx. To rav- 
age ; to exercise fury. Waller. To act with mis- 
chievous impetuosity. Nah. ii. To toy wantonly ; 
to play. Gower. 
RA'GEFUL, radje'-f&l. a. Furious; violent. Sid- 
ney. 
RA'GERY*. ra'-jfir-e. n. s. Wantonness. CJmucer. 

Ob. T. 
RAGGED^, rag'-gid. 99,381. a. [hjiacob, Sax.] 
Rent into tatters. Shak. Uneven; consisting of 
parts almost disunited. Isaiah, ii. Dressed in tat- 
lers. Dryden. Rugged ; not smooth. Dryden. Not 
smooth to the ear. Shakspeare. 
RA GGEDNESS, rag'-gfd-ne\s. n. s. State of being 
dressed in tatters. Shak. Unevenness, as of rocks. 
Huloet. 
RA'GING*, ra'-jing. n. s. Violence; impetuosity. 

Psalm lxxxix. 
RA'GINGLY, ra/-jfng-le. ad. With vehement fury. 

Bp. Hall. 
RA'GMAN, rag'-man. 88. n. s. One who deals in 

rags. Dr. Rawlinson. 
RAGMAN-ROLL*. See Rigmarole. 
RAGOUT, ra-gdo'. r^ s. [Fr.] Meat stewed and 

highly seasoned. South. 
RA'GSTONE, rag'-stone. n. s. [rag and stone.] A 
stone so named from its breaking in a ragged, un- 
certain, irregular manner. Woodward. The stone 
with which they smooth the edge of a tool new 

f round and left ragged. 
'GWORT, rag'-wurt. 166. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
RAIL §, rale. 202. n.s. [riegel, Germ.] A cross beam 
fixed at the ends in two upright posts. Moxon, A 
series of posts connected with beams, by which 
any thing is enclosed : a pale is a series of small 
upright posts rising above the cross beam, by 
which they are connected : a rail is a series of 
cross beams supported with posts, which do not 
rise much above it. Bacon. A kind of bird. Ca- 



rew. [p.sej'el, Sax.] A woman's upper garment. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To RAIL, rale. v. a. To enclose with rails. Carew. 
To range in a line. Bacon. 

To RAIL$, rale. v. n. [railten, Fr.] To use insolent 
and reproachful language ; to speak to, or to men- 
tion in opprobrious terms. Sliakspeare. 

To RAIL*, rale. v. n. [raier, old Fr.] To flow. Spen- 
ser. 

RAFLER, rale'-&r. 98. n. s. One who insults or de- 
fames by opprobrious language. 1 Cor. v. 



RAILING*, ra'-l: 
language. 1 T% 



Insolent and reproachful 
Rails which enclose a place : 



[raillerie, Fr.] Slight 
B. Jonson. 



as, the iron railing. 
RAFLINGLY* ra'-llng-le. ad. Scoffingly; like a 

scoffer. Huloet. 
RAFLLERY, ral'-leV-e. n, s 
satire ; satirical merriment. 
$5= We must not suppose this word to be the offspring 
of the English word to raiZ, however nearly they may be 
sometimes allied in practice. Raillery comes directly 
from the French word raillerie ; and, in compliment to 
that language for the assistance it so often affords us, we 
pronounce the first syllable nearly as in the original. 
This, however, is not a mere compliment, like the gen- 
erality of those we pay the French ; for, were we to 
pronounce the first syllable like rail, it might obscure 
and pervert the meaning. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and 
Mr. Smith, pronounce it as I have marked it. W. 
RATLLE UR*. n. s. [Fr.] A jester ; a mocker. 

Sprat. Ob. T. 
RAFMENT, ra'-ment. 202. n.s. [for arraiment, from 
array.] Vesture; vestment; dress; garment. Sid- 
ney. 
To RAIN§, rane. 202. v. n. [jienian, Sax.] To fall 
in drops from the clouds. Dryden. To fall as rain. 
Ecclus. xliii. — It rains. The water falls from the 
clouds. Shakspeare. 
To RAIN, rane. v. a. To pour down as rain. Psalm 

lxxviii. 
RAIN, rane. n. s. [p.en, Sax.] The moisture that falls 
from the clouds. Wisd. xvi. Any shower. Dry- 
den. A furrow, or the lower part of the ridge, in 
some parts of England. Wynne. 
RAFNBEAT* rane'-beet. a. [rain and beat.] Injur- 
ed by rain. Bp. Hall. 
RAPNBOW, rane'-bo. 327. n. s. [rain and bote.] 
The irjs ; the semicircle of various colours which 
appears in showery weather. Sidney. 
RA'INDEER, rane'-deer. n. s. [hp.ana r , Sax.] A 
deer with large horns, which, in the northern re 
gions, draws sledges through the snow. Spectator 
RAININESS, rane'-e-n£s. n.s. The state of bein 

showery. 

RAIN-WATER, rane'-wa-tur. n. s. Water not 
taken from springs, but falling from the clouds. 
Shakspeare. 
RAIN Y, rane'-e. a. [peniS, Sax.] Showery ; wet ; 

moist. Prov. xxvii. 
RAIF*, rape. n. s. [reftva, formerly repwa, Sueth.] 

A rod to measure ground. Diet. Rust. 
To RAISER raze. 202. v. a. [resu, Swed ; reiser, 
Dan.] To lift ; to heave. 2 Sam. xii. To set up 
right : as, He raised a mast. To erect ; to build 
up. Jos. viii. To exalt to a state more great or il- 
lustrious. Bacon. To amplify ; to enlarge. Shak. 
To increase in current value. Temple. To ele- 
vate ; to exalt. Prior. To advance ; to promote ; 
to prefer. Clarendon. To excite ; to put in action. 
Psalm cvii. To excite to war or tumult ; to stir up. 
Acts, xxiv. To rouse ; to stir up. Job. To give be- 
ginning of importance to : as, lie raised the family. 
To bring into being. Milton. To call into view from 
the state of separate spirits. Sandys. To bring 
from death to life. Rcyi. iv. To occasion ; to begin. 
Ex. xxiii. To set up ; to utter loudly. Dryden. To 
collect ; to obtain a certain sum. Arbuthnot. To col- 
lect ; to assemble ; to levy. Milton. To give rise to. 
Milton. To procure to be bred or propagated : as, 
He raised sheep ; He raised wheat where none grew 
before. — To raise paste. To fonn paste into pies 
without a dish. Spectator. To raise the siege. To 
750 



being 



RAM 



RAN 



— no, move, n6r, n6t 5 — tuIic, tub, bill; — 611} — p6und; — thin, THis. 



relinquish the attack of a place, and the works 
thrown up against it. 
RAI'SER, raze'-fir. 98. n. s. One that raises. Dan. xi. 
RAI'SIN, re'-z'n. [re'-zn, Jones ; razn, or rezn, Ful- 
ton and Knight.] n.s. [raisin, Fr.J The fruit of the 
vine suffered to remain on the tree till perfectly 
ripened, and then dried ; grapes of every kind, 
preserved in this manner, are called raisins. Hill. 
$j~ If antiquity can give a sanction to the pronunciation 
of a word, tins may he traced as far hack as the days of 
Queen Elizabeth. Falstaff, in tho first part of Henry 
the Fourth, being urged by the prince to give reasons 
for his conduct, toils him, that if raisins were as plenty 
as blackberries, he would not give him one upon com- 
pulsion. This pun evidently shows these words were 
pronounced exactly alike in Shakspeare's time, and that 
Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of this word, as if written 
ray s'n, is not only contrary to general usage, but — what 
many would think a greater offence — destructive of the 
wit of Shakspeare. Mr. Sheridan has Mr. Scott, Mr. 
Perry, and W. Johnston, on his side ; and I have Dr. 
Kcnrick and Mr. Nares on mine. W. 

RA'JAH*, ra'-ja. n. s. A title given to Hindoo 
chiefs: it signifies prince. 

RAKE§, rake. n. s. [paca, pace, Sax.] An instru- 
ment with teeth, by which the ground is divided, 
or light bodies are gathered up. Tusser. [racaille, 
Fr. ; rekel, Dutch.] A loose, disorderly, vicious, 
wild, gay, thoughtless fellow ; a man addicted to 
pleasure. Addison. — As lean as a rake. As lean 
as a dog too worthless to be fed, or perhaps an al- 
lusion to the thin, taper form of the instrument made 
use of by haymakers. Chaucer. 

To RAKE, rake. v. a. [pacian, Sax.] To gather 
with a rake. Tusser. To clear with a rake. 
Thomson. To draw together by violence. Hook- 
er. To scour ; to search with eager and vehement 
diligence. Swift. To heap together and cover. 
Sfiak. To pass swiftly and violently over ; to 
scour. Sandys. To cannonade a ship on the stern 
or head, so that the balls shall scour the whole 
length of the decks. 

To RAKE, rake. v. n. To search ; to grope. Shak. 
To pass with violence. Sidney. To play the part 
of a rake. Shenstone. 

RA'KEHELLy, rake'-hel n. s. [rakel, hasty, rash.] 
A wild, worthless, dissolute, debauched, sorry fel- 
low. Bacon. 

RA'KEHELL* rake'-hel. a. Base ; wild ; outcast ; 
worthless. Spenser. 

RA'KEHELLY, rake'-hel-le. a. Wild; dissolute. 
B. Jonson. 

RA'KER, rake'-fir. n. s. One that rakes. 

RA'KESHAME*, rake'-shame. n. s. A base, rascal- 
ly fellow. Milton. 

RA'KISH, rake'-lsh. a. Loose ; lewd ; dissolute. 
Richardson. 

ToRA'LLY§, ral'-le. v. a. [rallier, Fr.] To put dis- 
ordered or dispersed forces into order. Milton. To 
treat with slight contempt; to treat with satirical 
merriment. Addison. 

To RA'LLY, ral'-le. v. n. To come together in a 
hurry. Tillotson. To come again into order. 
Dryden. To exercise satirical merriment. Swift. 

RA'LLY*, ral'-le. n.s. Act of putting disordered or 
dispersed forces into order. Exercise of satirical 
merriment. 

RAM§, ram. n.s. [p am, Sax.] A male sheep; in 
some provinces, a tup. Sliakspeare. Aries, the ver- 
nal sign. Creech. An instrument with an iron head 
to batter walls. Sliakspeare. 

To RAM, ram. v. a. To drive by violence, as with a 
battering ram. Shak. To fill with any thing driven 
hard together. Spenser. 

RA'MACE, ram'-m'idje. n. s. [vantage, Fr.] Boughs, 
branches, or any thing that belongs thereto; hence 
the wabbling of birds as they sit on boughs. Drum. 

RA'MAGE*, ram'-midje. a. [ramaage, old Fr.] 
Wild; shy. Cfiaucer. 

To RA'MAGE. See To Rummage. 

To RA'MBLE§, ram'-bl. 405. v.n. [rammelen, Dut. 
or probably an abbreviation of the Lat. perambub.] 
To rove loosely and irregularly; to wander. Locke. 



RA'MBLE, ram'-bl. n. s. Wandering; irregular ex- 
cursion. Swift. 

RA'MBLER, ram'-bl-flr. 98. n.s. Rover ; wanderer, 
L' Estrange. 

RA'MBLING*, ram'-bl-Ing. n.s. Wandering ; irreg- 
ular excursion. South. 

RA'MBOOZE, I a KA a - 5 n. s. A drink made 

RA'MBUSE, \™ m - b0C >™- J of wine, ale, eggs, 
and sugar, in the winter time ; or of wine, milk, 
sugar, and rosewater, in the summer time. Bailey. 

RA'MEKIN, ram'-me-kin. ) n. s. [ramequins, 

RA'MEQUINS, ram'-me-k?nz. \ Fr.] [In cookery.] 
Small slices of bread covered with a farce of cheese 
and eggs. Bailey. 

RA'MENTS, ra'-ments. n. s. [ramenla, Lat.] Scrap- 
ings ; shavings. Diet. 

RAMlFICA'TlON, ram-me-fe-ka'-shfin. n.s. {ram- 
if cation, Fr. ; from ramus, Lat.] Division or sep- 
aration into branches; the act of branching out. 
Hale. Small branches. Arbuthnot. 
To RA'MIFY§, ram'-me-fl. 183. fa. [ramifer, Fr.] 

To separate into branches. Boyle. 
To RA'MIFY, rW-me-f I v. n. To be parted into 
branches. Arbuthnot. 

RA'MMER, ram'-mfir. 98. n. s. An instrument with 
which any thing is driven hard. Moxon. The 
stick with which the charge is forced into the gun. 
Wiseman. 

RA'MMISH, ram'-mlsb. a. Strong-scented. Chaucer. 

RA'MOUS, ra'-mfis. 314. a. [ramus, Lat.] Branchy; 
consisting of branches. Newton. 

To RAMP§, ramp. v. n. [romper, Fr. ; pempen, 
Sax.] To leap with violence; to rage. Chaucer. 
To sport ; to play ; to romp. Milton. To climb as 
a plant. Milton. 

RAMP, ramp. n. s. Leap ; spring. Sliakspeare. 

RAMPA'LLIAN, ram-pal'-yan. 113. n. s. A mean 
wretch. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

RA'MPANCY, ram'-pan-se. n. s. Prevalence ; exu- 
berance. More. 

RA'MPANT, ramp'-ant. a. [Fr. ; pempenb, Sax.) 
Exuberant; overgrowing restraint- South. [la 
heraldry.] Rampant is when the lion is reared up 
in the escutcheon, as it were ready to combat with 
his enemy. Peacluim. 

RA'MPART§, ram'-part. In.s. [rempart, Fr.] The 

RA'MPIRE§, ram'-pire. y platform of the wall be- 
hind the parapet. The wall round fortified places* 
Sidney. 

{)£?" Mr. Sheridan spells this word rtumpyr, and" pronounc- 
es the y in the last syllable short : but this is contrary 
to Dr. Johnson's orthography, and the pronunciation is 
in opposition to analogy. See Umpire. W. 

To RA'MPART, ram'-part. ) v. a. To fortify with 

To RA'MPIRE, ram'-pire. 5 ramparts. Sir H. 
Sidney. 

RA'MPION, ram'-pe-fin. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

RA'MSONS, ram'-zfinz. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. 

RAN, ran. pret. of run. 

To RANCH, ransh. v. a. [corrupted from wrench.] 
To sprain ; to injure with violent contortion. Dry- 
den. 

RA'NCID$, ran'-sfd. a. [rancidus, Lat.] Strong- 
scented. Arbuthnot. 

RA'NCIDNESS, ran'-sfa-nes. ) n.s Strongscent, as 

RANCI'DITY, ran-s?d'-e-te. $ of old grease or oil. 
White. 

RA'NCOROUS, rang'-kflr-fis. 314. a. Malignant; 
malicious ; spiteful in the utmost degree. Spenser. 

RA'NCOROUSLY, rang'-kfir-fis-le. ad. Malig- 
nantly. 

RA'NCOUR $, rang'-kfir. 314. n. s. [rancoeur, old 
Fr.] Inveterate malignity ; malice ; steadfast impla • 
cability ; standing hate. Tusser. Virulence ; cor- 
ruption. Shakspeare. 

RAND, rand. n.s. [panb, Sax.] Border; seam; 
shred ; piece cut out. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

RA'NDOM $, ran'-dfim. 166. n.s. [randon, Fr.] Watf 
of direction ; want of rule or method ; chance : 
haeard ; roving motion. Spenser. 

RA'N DOM, ran'-dfim. a. Done by chance; roving 
without direction. Dryden. 
%\ 



RAN 










RAP 


0=559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, fat ;- 


— me, 


met;- 


— pine 


pin;— 



RA'NDY* ran'-dc. a. Riotous ; obstreperous 5 disor- 
derly. Grose. 
RA'N FORCE, ranMorse. n.s. The ring of a gun 

next to the touch hole. Bailey. 
RANG, rang. pret. of ring. Grew. „.„_ , 
To RANGE*, ranje. 74. v. a. [ranger,??.] To place 
in order ; to put in ranks. 2 Mace. xu. To rove 
over. Gay. [rangen, Dutch.] To separate the 
flour from the bran; to range through a sieve. 
Huloet. , ^ , 

To RANGE, ranje. v. n. To rove at large. Shak. 
To be placed in order; to be ranked properly. 
Shak. To lie in a particular direction. Drayton. 
RANGE, ranje. n. s. [rangee, Fr.] A rank ; anything 
placed in a line. Newton. A class; an order. 
Hale. Excursion ; wandering. South. Room for 
excursion. Addison. Compass taken in by any 
thing excursive, extended, or ranked in order. Fell. 
Step of a ladder. Clarendon. A kitchen grate. 
Spensei-. A bolting sieve to sift meal. Diet. 
RA'NGER, ran'-jur. 98. n.s. One that ranges; a 
rover ; a robber. Spenser. A dog that beats the 
ground. Gay. An officer who tends the game of 
a forest. Dryden. 
RA'NGEESHIP*, ran'-jur-sh?p. n. s. Office of the 

keeper of a park or forest. 
RANKS, rangk. 408. a. [pane, Sax.] High-growing; 
strong; luxuriant. Tusser. Fruitful ; bearing strong 
plants. Sandys, [rancidus, Lat.] Strong-scented ; 
rancid. Spenser, High-tasted; strong m cjuality. 
Ray. Rampant ; high-grown ; raised to a high de- 
gree. Shak. Gross; coarse. Sliak. The iron of 
a plane is set rank, when its edge stands so flat be- 
low the sole of the plane, that in working it will 
take off a thick shaving. Moxon. 
RANK*, rangk. ad. Strongly ; violently ; fiercely. 

Spenser. 
RANKS, rangk. n. s. [renc, Arm. ; penc, Sax.] Line 
of men placed abreast. Shak. A row. Milton. 
Range of subordination. Wilkins. Class ; order. 
Atterbury. Degree of dignity ; eminence; or ex- 
cellence. Dryden. Dignity ; high place : as, He 
is a man of rank. 
To RANK, rangk/ v. a. [ranger, Fr.] To place 
abreast. Milton. To range in any particular class. 
Sliakspeare. To arrange methodically. Selden. 
To RANK, rangk. v.n. To be ranged; to be placed. 

Shakspeare. 
RA'NKER*, rangk'-fir. n. s. One who places or ar- 
ranges. 
To RA'NKLE, rangk'-kl. ti. n. To fester ; to breed 
•corruption ; lo be inflamed in body or mind. Spen- 
der. 
RA'NKLY, rangk'-le. ad. Luxuriantly ; abundantly. 
Spenser. Rancidly ; with strong scent. More. 
Coarsely ; grossly. Shakspeare. 
RA'NKNESS, rangk' -n£>. n.s. [pancnevye, Sax.] 
Exuberance; superfluity of growth. Hooker. Strong 
scent. Bp. Taylor. 
RA'NNY, ran'-ne. n. s. The shrewmouse. Brown 
To RA'NSACK, ran'-sak. v. a. [ransaka, Su. Goth.] 
To plunder ; to pillage. Spenser. To search nar- 
rowly. Woodward. To violate ; to deflower 
Spenser. 
RA'NSOM S, ran'-s&m. 166. n. s. [rancon, Fr. ; ransun 
Sueth. ant.] Price paid for redemption from cap- 
tivity or punishment. Davies. 
To RA'NSOM, ran'-s&m. v. a. [ranconner, Fr.] To 

redeem from captivity or punishment. Hos. xiii. 
RA'NSOMER, ran'-sum-ur. n. s. One that redeems. 

Old Morality of every Man. 
RA'NSOMLESS,ran'-s&m-les.a. Free from ransom. 

Shakspeare. 
To RANTS, rant. v. n. [randen, Dutch.] To rave in 
violent or high-sounding language, without propor- 
tionable dignity of thought. Shakspeare. 
RA^T. rant. n. s. High-sounding language unsup- 
ported by dignity of thought. Granville. 
RA'NTER,rant'-ur. 98. n. s. A ranting fellow ; one 

ot a wretched sect called Ranters. Bp. Hall. 
RA'NTIPOLE, rant'-e-pole. a. [from rant.] Wild ; 
roving ; rakish. Congreve. A low word. 



To RA'NTIPOLE, rant'-e-p6le. v. n. To run about 
wildly. Arbuthnot. 

RA'NTISM*, ran'-t?zm. n. s. Tenets of the wretches 
called Ranters. Bp. Rust. 

RA'NTY*, ran'-te. a. Wild ; mad. 

RA'NULA, ran'-nu-la. 92. n.s. [Lat.] A soft swell 
ing, possessing the salivals under the tongue. Wise- 
man. 

RANU'NCULUS, ra-nfing'-ku-lus. n. s. Crowfoot. 
Mortimer. 

RAPS, rap. n. s. [rapp, Su. Goth.] A quick, smart 
blow; a knock. Arbuthnot. Counterfeit coin: a 
sort of cant term, perhaps from rapparee. Swift. 

To RAP, rap. v. n. [hpaeppan, Sax. ; rapp, Su. 
Goth.] To strike with a quick, smart blow ; lo 
knock. Shakspeare. 

To RAP, rap. v. a. To strike with a quick, smart 
blow. Sliakspeare. 

To RAP out. [rap, Dutch.] To utter with hasty vio- 
lence. Skelton. 

To RAPS, rap. v. a. [from rapio extra se, Lat.] To 
affect with rapture ; to strike with ecstasy ; to hur- 
ry out of himself. Hooker. To snatch away. Spen- 
ser. To seize by violence. Mirror for Magistrates. 
To exchange ; to truck. 

To RAP ana rend, [more properly rap and ran ; 
paepan, Sax. ; and rana, Icelandick.] To seize by 
violence. Hudibras. 

RAPA'CIOUS S, ra.-pa.'-shus. a. [rapace, Fr. ; rapax, 
Lat.] Given to plunder; seizing by violence; 
ravenous. Bp. Taylor. 

RAPACIOUSLY., ra-pa'-shfis-le. ad. By rapine ; by 
violent robbery. 

RAPA'CIOUSNESS, ra-pa'-sbfis-nes. n. s. The 
quality of being rapacious. Burke. 

RAPA'CITY, ra-pas'-se-te. n. s. [rapacitas, Lat.] 
Addictedness to plunder ; exercise of plunder ; 
ravenousness. Sprat. 

RAPE, rape. n. s. [rapt, Fr. ; raptus, Lat.] Violent 
defloration of chastity. Bacon. Privation ; act of 
taking away. Chapman. Something snatched 
away. Sandys. Fruit plucked from the cluster. 
Ray. [hreppr, Icel.] A division in the county of 
Sussex. Blackstone. A plant, from the seed of 
which oil is expressed. 

RA'PID S, rap'-id. a. [rapidus, Lat.] Quick ; swift 
Milton. 

RAPIDITY, ra-pld'-e-te. n. s. [rapidite, Fr.] Celer- 



ity ; velocity ; swiftness. Addison. 
A'PIDLY, rapMd-le. ad. Swiftly : 



RAPIDLY, rap'-fd-le. ad. Swiftiy ; with quick mo- 
lion. Warlon. 

RA'PIDNESS, rap'-id-nes. n. s. Celerity ; swift 
ness. 

RA'PIER, ra'-pe-er. 113. 71. s. [rapier, Germ.] A 
sort of sword used only in thrusting. Shakspeare. 

RAPIER-FISH, ra'-pe-er-ffsh. n. s. The sword-fish. 
Grew. 

RATINES, rap'-k. 140. n. s. [rapina, Lat. ; rapine, 
Fr.] The act of plundering. King Claxrles. Vio- 
lence; force. Milton. 

To RATINE*, rap'-in. v. a. To plunder. Sir J. 
Buck. Ob. T. 

RAPPAREE'*, rap-pa-ree'. n. s. A wild Irish plun- 
derer, so called from his being armed with a half 
pike, termed by the Irish a ropery. Burnet. 

RA'PPER, rapl-pur. 98. n. s. One who strikes. The 
knocker of a door. An oath, or a lie. Bp. Parker. 

RA'PPORT, rap-p6rt'. n. s.[mvpat, Fr.] Relation ; 
reference ; proportion. Temple. Not used. 

To RAPT, rapt. v. a. To ravish ; to put in ecstasy. 
Chapman. 

RAPT, rapt. n. s. A trance ; an ecstasy. Bp. Mor- 
ton. Rapidity. Brown. 

RA'PTOR*, or RA'PTER*, rap'-rfir. n. s. [raptor, 
LatJA ravisher ; a plunderer. Drayton. 

RA'PTURES, rap'-tshure. 461. n.s. Violent seizure. 
Cliapinan. Ecstasy ; transport ; violence of any 
pleasing passion ; enthusiasm ; uncommon heat of 
imagination. Holydau. Rapidity; haste. Mil- 
ton. 

RA'PTURED, rap'-tshur'd.359.a. Ravished ; trap* 
ported. Thomson. A bad word. 
752 



RAS 



RAT 



— n6, mdve, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — All ; — pound ; — thin, this. 



RA'PTURIST*, rap'-tshur-lst. n. s. An enthusiast. 
Qpenser. Ob. T. 

RA PTUROUS, rap'-tshur-fis. 314. a. Ecstatick ; 
transporting. Blackmore. 

RARE$, rare. a. [rants, £,&{. ; rare, Fr.] Scarce; 
uncommon ; not frequent. Shak. Excellent ; in- 
comparable ; valuable to a degree seldom found. 
Cowley. Thinly scattered. Milton. Thin ; subtile ; 
not dense. Bacon. Raw ; not fully subdued by the 
fire. Dryden. 

RA'REESHOW, ra'-re-sho, n.s. [rare show.] A 
show carried in a box. Pope. 

RlREFA'CTIOi^rar-re-fak'-shun.n.s. [Fr.] Ex- 
•ension of the parts of a body, that makes it take 
up more room than it did before : contrary to con- 
densation. Wotton. 

RA'REFIABLE, rar'-re-fl-a-bl. a. Admitting rare- 
faction. 

To RA'REFY $, rar'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [rarefier, Fr. ; 
rare and lio, Lat.] To make thin : contrary to con- 
dense. Thomson. 

To RA'REFY, rar'-re-fl. v.n. To become thin. 
Dryden. 

RA'RELY, rare'-le. ad. Seldom; not often; not 
frequently. Fell. Finely ; nicely ; accurately. 
Shaksjyeare. 

RA RENESS, rare'-nes. n. s. Uncommonness ; state 
of happening seidom ; infrequency. Bacon. Value 
arising from scarcity. Bacon. Thinness ; tenuity. 
Distance from each other; thinness. 

RA'RITY, ra'-re-te. n. s. [rariti, Fr. ; raritas, Lat.] 
Uncommonness ; infrequency. Spectator. A thing 
valued for its scarcity. Shakspeare. 

RA'RITY, rar'-e-te. 530. n. s. Thinness; subtilty: 
the contrary to density. Bentley. 

$Cf* The difference in the pronunciation of these words 
is not only necessary to convey their different signifi- 
cation, but to show their different etymology. The 
first comes to us from the French rarete, and the last 
from the Latin raritas ; which, therefore, according to 
the most settled analogy of our language, ought to have 
the antepenultimate syllable short. — See Principles, 
No. 511 ; also the word Chastity. W. 

R A'SC AL §, ras'-kal. 88. n. s. [pa-peal, Sax.] A mean 
fellow ; a scoundrel ; a sorry wretch. Sliak. A 
lean deer : still in use. Drayton. 

RA'SCAL*, ras'-kal. a. Mean; low. Spenser. 

RASCA'LLION, ras-kal'-yun. 113. n. s. One of the 
lowest people. Hudihras. 

RASCA LITY, ras-kal'-e-te. n. s. The low, mean 
people. Glanville. 

RA'SCALLY, ras'-kal-e. a. Mean ; sorry ; base ; 
worthless. Sliakspeare. 

To RASE §, raze, or rase. v. a. [written rase or 
raze.~\ [raser ,Fr. ; rasus, Lat.] To skim ; to strike 
on the surface. Sliak. To overthrow ; to destroy ; 
to root up. Milton. To blot out by rasu're ; to 
erase. Bp. Fislier. 

£5= There seems to be no small difficulty in settling the 
orthography and pronunciation of this word. Dr. John- 
son advises, when it signifies to strike slightly, to 
write it rase ,• and when it signifies to ruin, rate.. 
Whatever may be the utility of this distinction to the 
eye, the ear seems to have made no such distinction in 
the sound of the s ; as grate, which is evidently form- 
ed from this word, and seems to have been adopted 
for the purpose of signifying to strike slightly, has pre- 
served the i ; while erase, which means to destroy, to 
expunge, to take away entirely, is by all our orthoe- 
pists, except Dr. Kenrick, pronounced with the s pure. 
But rase, whether signifying to strike slightly, or to 
overthrow, has been so generally pronounced with the 
s like I, that most of our writers have adopted the lat- 
ter character ; and this sound, it may be observed, 
seems more agreeable to the analogy of verbs in this 
termination than that in erase. 437, 467. But, as noth- 
ing seems to be more fixed in the language than the 
sharp hissing sound of 5 in erase, so, if analogy and 
usage were to compound the difference, perhaps it 
would be easier to bring rase to the sound of race, as 
Mr. Elphinston has done, than erase to the sound of 
eraze, as Dr. Kenrick has done: but to sound it with 
the hissing s, when it is written rate, as Mr. Sheridan 
has done, is a solecism in pronunciation ; for, though s 
often goes into the sound of i, i never goes into that 
of 8. 

95 



The confusion observable among our authors in this 
word sufficiently shows how inconvenient it is to make 
tho same letters sound differently when a different 
sense is conveyed. Dr. -Johnson seems aware of thia 
when lie recommends a different orthography for this 
word, as it acquires a different meaning ; but he doe* 
not tell us whether rase is to be pronounced like race 
or raze ; nor do any of our orthoe'pists make this dis- 
tinction of sound according to the sense. With great 
deference to Dr. Johnson, perhaps such a distinction, 
botli in sound and spelling, is unnecessary and embar- 
rassing. The best way, therefore, in my opinion, will 
be always to spell this word with the z as in razor, 
and to pronounce it with the z when it is written rase. 
—See Bowl. TV. 

RASE. n.s. A cancel. A slight wound. Hooker. 

RASH§, rash. a. [rasch, Dut.; rask, Sueth.J Hasty; 
violent ; precipitate ; acting without caution or re- 
flection. Ascham. Hasty; requiring haste. Shale. 
Quick ; sudden : as, rash gunpowder. Sliak. Corn 
so dry in the straw that it falls out with handling. 

RASH, rash. n. s. [rascia, Ital.] Satin. Minshew. 
[corrupted probably from rush, or rouge, red.] An 
efflorescence on the body; a breaking out. 

To RASH*, rash. v. a. [raschiare, ltal.] To cut into 
pieces ; to divide ; to split asunder. Spenser. 

RA'SHER, rash'-ur. 98. n. s. A thin slice of bacon. 
Shakspeare. 

R A'SHLY, rash'-le. ad. Hastily; violently; without 
due consideration. Sliakspeare. 

RA'SHNESS, rash'-nes. n. s. Foolish contempt of 
danger; inconsiderate heat of temper; precipita- 
tion ; temerity. Hooker. 

RASP, rasp. n. s. [raspo, ltal.] A delicious berry 
that grows on a species of the bramble ; a raspber- 
ry. Bacon. 

To RASP §, rasp. v. a. [raspen, Germ. ; rasper, Fr.] 
To rub to powder with a very rough file. Wise- 
man. 

RASP, rasp. n. s. A large, rough file, commonly used 
to wear away wood. Moxon. 

RASPATORY, resp'4-tur-e. n. s. [raspaioire, Fr.] 
A chirurgeon's rasp. Wiseman. 

RA'SPER*, ras'-p&r. n. s. A scraper. Shenoood. 

RA'SPBERRY, cr Rasberry, ras'-ber-e. [rasp'- 
ber-re, Perry.] n. s. A kind of berry. Morti- 
mer. 

RASPBERRY-BUSH, ras'-ber-re-bush. n. s. A 
species of bramble. 

RA'SURE, ra'-zhure. 452. [See Rase.] n. s. [rasu- 
ra. Lat.] The act of scraping or shaving. Bp. 
Fisher. A mark in a writing where something 
has been rubbed out. Ayliffe. 

RAT $, rat. n.s. [ratte, Dutch ; rat, Fr.] An animal 
of the mouse kind that infests houses and ships. 
Shak. — To smell a rat. To be put on the watch 
by suspicion as the cat by the scent of a rat ; to sus- 
pect danger. Hudibras. 

RA'TABLE, ra'-ta-bl. a. [from rate.] Set at a cer- 
tain value. Camden. 

RATABLY, ra' ; la-bl£. ad. Proportionably. 

RATAFFA, rat-a-fe'-a. n. s. A liquor prepared from 
the kernels of apricots and spirits. Congreve. 

RATA'N, rat-tan', n. s. An Indian cane. 

RATCH, ratsh. n. s. [In clockwork.] A sort of wheel 
which serves to lift up the detents every hour, and 
thereby make the clock strike. Bailey. 

RATE §, rate. n. s. [ralus, Lat. ; rate, old Fr.] Price 
fixed on any thing. Locke. Allowance settled. 
2 Kings, xxv. Degree ; comparative height or 
value. Shak. Quantity assignable. Shek. Prin- 
ciple on which value is set. Soidh. Manner of do- 
ing any thing; degree to which any thing is done. 
Shak. Tax imposed by the parish. Prior. 

To RATE, rate. o. a. To value at a certain price. 
Shak. [reita, Icel.; reta, Goth.; rata, Sueth.] To 
chide hastily and vehemently. Shakspeare. 

To RATE, rate. v. n. To make an estimate. Ket- 
tlewell. 

RA'TER*, ra'-tur. «. s. One who makes an estimate 
Whitlock. 

RATH. rkh. n.s. A hill. Spenser. 
753 






RAT 



RAV 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, &", fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin | 



RATH$, rath. a. [paS, hjiaeS, Sax.] Early ; soon 3 
coming before the usual time. Wiclijfe. Ob. J. 

RATH*, rkth. ad. [pa??, Sax.] Soon 3 betimes; 
early. Cliaucer. 

RATHER, raTH'-fir, or ra'-THun ad. [this is a 
comparative from rath; paftop, Sax.] More wil- 
lingly j with better liking. Common Prayer. Pref- 
erably to the other ; with better reason. Locke. In 
a greater degree than otherwise. Dryden. More 
properly. Shak. Especially. Shale. — To have 
ratlier. To desire in preference. Rogers. 

$5= Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word is the compara- 
tive of rath, a Saxon word, signifying sooti, and that 
it still retains its original signification ; as we may say, 
" I would sooner do a thing," with as much propriety 
as, " I would rather do it." Some very respectable 
speakers pronounce this word with the first syllable 
like that in ra-ven; and Mr. Nares has adopted this 
pronunciation. Dr. Ash and Bailey seem to be of the 
same opinion ; but all the other orthoepists, from whom 
we can certainly know the quantity of the vowel, as, 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, make 
it short. There is a pronunciation of this, and some 
few other words, which may not improperly be called 
diminutive. Thus, in familiar conversation, when we 
wish to express very little, we sometimes lengthen the 
vowel, and pronounce the word as if written leetle. In 
the same manner, when rather signifies just preferable, 
we lengthen the first vowel, and pronounce it long and 
slender, as if written rayther ; and this, perhaps, may be 
the reason that the long slender sound of the vowel has 
so much obtained ; for usage seems to be clearly on the 
side of the other pronunciation, and analogy requires 
it, as this word is but the old comparative of the word 
rath, soon. W. 



A liquor, flavoured with 
The act 



RATIFIA t, rat-e-fee 
fruit kernels. 

RATIFICATION, rat-te-fe-ka'-shun 
of ratifying; confirmation. 

RATIFIER, rat'-te-f 1-fir. 98. n. s. The person or 
thing that ratifies. Shakspeare. 

To RATIFY §, rat'-te-fl. v. a. [ratifer, Fr.; ratum 
fario, Lat.] To confirm ; to settle ; to establish. 
Hooker. 

RATING*, ra'-tmg. n.s. Chiding; scolding. Locke. 

RA' TIO, ra^she-6. n. s. [Lat.] The relation which 
one thing has to another of the same kind, in re- 
spect to magnitude or quantity; rule of propor- 
tion. Cheyne. 

To RATIOCINATE §, rash-e-6s'-e-nate. v. n. [ra- 
tiocinor, Lat.] To reason ; to argue. Sir W. Petty. 

RATIOCINATION, rash-e-os-e-na'-shun. 536. n.s. t 
The act of reasoning; the act of deducing conse- 
quences from premises. Brown. 

RATIO'CINATIVE, rash-e-os'-e-na-tfv. a. Argu- 
mentative; advancing by process of discourse. 
Hale. 

RA' TION*, ra'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] A certain allow- 
ance, or share of provisions. Burke. 

RATIONAL §, rash/-un-al. 507. a. [rational, Fr. ; 
rationalis, Lat.] Having the power of reasoning. 
Hammond. Agreeable to reason. Milton. Wise ; 
judicious : as, a rational man. 

RATIONAL* rash'-un-al. n. s. A rational being. 
Young. 

RATIONALE, ra-she-6-naMe. n. s. A detail with 
reasons. Blackicall. 

RATIONALIST, rash'-un-al-lfst. n. s. One who 
proceeds in his disquisitions and practice wholly 
upon reason. Bacon. 

RATIONALITY, rash-e-6-naK-e-te. n. s. The pow- 
er of reasoning. Gov. of the Tongiie. Reasona- 
bleness. Brown. 

RATIONALLY, rash'-un-al-e. ad. Reasonably; 
with reason. South. 

RATIONALNESS, rash'-un-al-nls. n. s. The state 
of being rational. 

RATSBANE §, rats'-bane. n. s. [rat and bane.] 
Poison for rats ; arsenick. V Estrange. 

RATSBANED*, rats'-band. a. Poisoned by rats- 
bane. Junius. 

R ATTE'EN, rat-teen', n. s. A kind of stuff. Swift. 

2 '0 RATTLE §, rat'-tl. 4-05. v.n. [ratekn, Dutch.] 



Spoil 



harsh. TV. of 



rum ; waste. 



To make a quick, sharp noise, with frequent repe 
titions and collisions of bodies not very sonorous: 
when bodies are sonorous, it is called jingling. 
Job, xxxix. To speak eagerly and noisily. Dryden. 
To RATTLE, rat'-tl. v. a. To move any thing so 
as to make a rattle or noise. Dryden. To stun with 
a noise; to drive with a noise. Sliak. To scold; 
to rail at with clamour. Arbuthnot. 
RATTLE, rat'-tl. n.s. A quick noise nimbly re- 
peated. Prior. Empty and loud talk. Hakewill. 
An instrument which agitated makes a clatlering 
noise. Raleigh. A plant. An herb resembling a 
cock's comb ; louse-wort. 
RATTLEHEADED, rat'-tl-h&I-ed. a. Giddy; not 

steady. 
RATTLESNAKE, rat'-tl-snake. n. s. A kind of 

serpent. Grew. 
RATTLESNAKE Root, rat'-tl-snake-r6ot. n. s. A 
plant, a native of Virginia; used as a remedy 
against the bite of a rattlesnake. Hill. 
RATTLING*, rat'-ttfng. n. s. Noise produced by 
the wheels of a carriage in swift motion ; any re- 
peated noise. Nah. iii. 
RATTOONt, rat-toon', n.s. A West-Indian fox. 
RAU'CITY §, raw'-se-te. n. s. [raucus, Lat.] Hoarse- 
ness ; loud, rough noise. Bacon. 
RAU'COUS*, raw'-kus. a. Hoarse ; 

Buffon. 
RAUGHT, rawt. The old pret. and part. pass, of 

reach. Snatched ; reached ; attained. Spenser. 
To RAUNCH*. See To Wrench. 
To RAVAGE §, rav'-vidje. 90. v. a. [ravager, Fr.} 
To lay waste ; to sack ; to ransack ; to spoil ; to 
• pillage ; to plunder. Addison. 
RA'VAGE, rav'-vfdje. n. s. I 

Dryden. 
RA'VAGER, rav'-vldje-ur. 98. n.s. Plunderer; 

spoiler. 
To RAVE §, rave. v. n. [reven, Dutch ; river, Fr.] 
To be delirious; to talk irrationally. Wiseman. 
To burst out into furious exclamations, as if mad. 
Sandys. To be unreasonably fond. Locke. 
ToRA'VELS, rav'-vl. 102. v. a. [ravelen, Dutch.] 
To entangle ; to entwist one with another ; to make 
intricate; to involve. Waller. To unweave; to 
unknit : as, to ravel out a twist or piece of knit 
work. SJiak. To hurry over in confusion. Digby. 
To RA'VEL, rav'-vl. v. n. To fall into perplexity 
or confusion. Sluxk. To work in perplexity; to 
busy himself with intricacies. Temple. • To be un- 
woven. Spenser. 
RA' VELIN. rav'-lln. n. s, [Fr.] [In fortification.] 
A work that consists of two faces, that make a sa- 
lient angle, commonly called half moon by the sol- 
diers. Diet. 
RA'VEN §, ra'-vn. 103. n. 5.. [hpsepn, Sax.] A 
large, black fowl, said to be remarkably voracious. . 
Shakspeare. 
To RA'VEN, rav'-vn. 103. v. a. [jieapian, Sax.] 
To obtain by violence; to reave. Hakewill. To 
devour with great eagerness and rapacity. Shak. 
To RA'VEN, rav'-vn. v. n. To prey with rapacity. 

Gen. xl. 
RA'VENER*, rav'-vn-ur. n. s. One that plunders. 

Gower. 
RA'VENING*, rav'-vn-mg. n. s. Violence ; propen- 
sity to plunder. St. Luke, xi. 
RA'VENOUS, rav'-vn-fis. a. Furiously voracious ; 

hungry to rage. Ezek. xxxix. 
RA'VENOUSLY, rav'-vn-us-le. ad. With raging 

voracity. Burnet. 
RA'VENOUSNESS, rav'-vn-us-n£s. n. s. Rage for 

prey ; furious voracity. Hale. 
RA'VER*, ra'-vfir. n. s. One who raves. Sher- 
wood. 
RA'VIN, rav'-in. n. s. [from raven : this were better 
written raven.] Prey; food gotten by violence. 
Nah. ii. Rapine; rapaciousness. Ray. 
RA'VIN* rav'-?n. a. Ravenous. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 
RA' VINE*, ra-veen'. n.s. [Fr.] A great flood. In 
modern times, a deep hollow usually formed by a 
flood ; any hollow pass. 
754 



HEA 



REA 



hi, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, I)* 1 !!! ; — 6il ; — pdund j — thin, mis. 



5. Furious exclamation 



•110 ad. With frenzy; 



RA'VING*, ra'-vlng. n. 

T&np/e. 
K.VVL\t;LY. ri'-vlng-le. 
with distraction. Sidney. 
ToRA V1SH$, rdv'-ish. v. a. [ravir, Fr.] To con- 
stuprate by force ; to deflower by violence. Lam. v. 
To take away by violence. Wicliffe. To delight; 
to rapture ; to transport. Cant. iv. 
RVY1SHER, rav-ish-Or. 98. n. s. [ravisseur, Fr.] 
He that embraces a woman by violence. Spenser. 
One who takes any thing" by violence. Pope. 
RAVISHING* rav'-Jsh-ing." n. s. Rapture ; trans- 
port. Felt ham. 
RA'VISHINGLY, rav'-lsb-ing-le. ad. To extremity 

of pleasure. Chapman. 
RA VISHMENT, rdv'-lsh-ment. n. s. [ravissement, 
Fr.] Violation; forcible constupration. Raleigh. 
Transport; rapture; ecstasy; pleasing violence 
on the mind. Milton. 
RAW §, raw. a. [hpeap, Sax. ; raa, Dan.; rouw, Dut.] 
Not subdued by the fire. Spenser. Not covered 
with the skin. Lev. xiii. Sore. Spenser. Imma- 
ture ; unripe; not concocted. Unseasoned ; unripe 
in skill. Raleigh. New. Shak. Bleak; chill ; cold 
with damp. Sjienser. Not decocted. Bacon. Not 
spun or twisted : as, 7\iw silk. Not adulterated or 
mixed : as, raw spirits. Bare of flesh. Spenser. 
RA'WBONE*. raw'-bone. ) a. Having bones 

RA WBONED, raw'd^nd. 359. ) scarcely covered 

with flesh. Spenser. 
RA WHEAD, raw'-hed. n.s. The name of a spectre 

mentioned to fright children. Dryden. 
RA'WISH^raw'-fsh. a. Cold with damp. Marston. 
RA'WLY, raw'-le. ad. In a raw manner. Sherwood. 
Unskilfully; without experience. Witlfeut care; 
without provision. Sluxkspeare. 
RA'WNESS, raw'-nes. n. s. State of being raw. 
Bacon. Unskilfulness. Hakewill. Hasty manner. 
Shakspeare. 
RAY§,ra. n.s. [raie, rayon, Fr.] A beam of light. 
Milton. Any lustre, corporeal or intellectual. Mil- 
ton, [raye, Fr. ; raia, Lat.] A fish. Ainsioorth. An 
herb. Ainsuorth. For array, or order, [reye, Teut.] 
Spenser. For array, or dress. B. Jonsctn. 
To RAY, ra. v. a. [raxjer, Fr.] To streak ; to mark 
in long lines. Chaucer. To shoot forth. Tliomson. 
To foul ; to beray. Spenser. To array. Prompt. 
Parv. 
RAYLESS*, ra'-les. a. Dark without a ray. Young. 
RAZE, raze. n.s. [rayz, Span.] A root of ginger; 
commonly written race. Shakspeare. 

ifCF" This word is generally pronounced like the noun 
race, but improperly. It is derived from the Spanish 
rayz, a root, and should either be pronounced with the 
z, or written with the c. W. 



n. s. Visit renewed. Hake- 



To RAZE §, raze. [See Rase.] v. a. [raser, Fr. ; rasus, 
Lat.] To overthrow ; to ruin ; to subvert. Sidney. 
To efface. Sliakspeare. To extirpate. Shakspeare. 

RA'ZORS, ra'-zur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A knife with 
a thick blade and fine edge used in shaving. 
Hooker. 

RA'ZORS of a Boar. A boar's tusks. 

RA'ZORABLE, ra'-zur-a-bl. a. Fit to be shaved. 
Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

RA'ZORBILL*, ra'-zur-Ml. n. s. A web-footed 
bird ; the alka. 

RA'ZORFISH, ra'-zfir-flsh. n. s. A fish. Carew. 

RA'ZURE, ra'-zbure. 484. n.s. [rasure, Fr. ; rasura, 
Lat.] Act of erasing. Shakspeare. 

RE is an inseparable particle used by the Latins, and 
from them borrowed by us, to denote iteration or 
backward action : as, return, to come back; to re- 
vive, to live again ; repercussion, the act of driving 
back : reciprocation, as to recriminate. It is put 
almost arbitrarily before verbs and verbal nouns, 
so that many words so compounded will perhaps 
be found, which it was not necessary to insert. It 
sometimes adds little to the simple meaning of the 
word, as in rejoice. 

T? REABSORB*, re-ab-s6rb'. v. a. \re and absorb.] 
To swallow up again • to suck up again, Kirwan 



REACCESS, rc-iik-ses 

will. 
To REACH}, retsh. 227. v. a. Ancient preterit 
raught. [neecao, Sax.] To touch with the hand ex- 
tended. Milton. To arrive at; to attain any thing 
distant ; to strike from a distance. Dryden. To 
strike from a distant place. Dryden. To letch from 
some place distant, and give. 2 Esdr. To bring 
forward from a distant place. -St. John, xx. To hold 
gut; to stretch forth. Hooker. To attain; to gam, 
to obtain. Cheyne. To transfer. Rowe. To pene- 
trate to. Locke. To be adequate to. Locke. To 
extend to. Milton. To extend ; to spread abroad. 
Milton. To take in the hand. Milton. To deceive; 
to overreach. South. 
To REACH, retsh. 352. v.n. To be extended. 
Hooker. To be extended far. Sluxk. To pene- 
trate. 2 Chr. xxviii. To make efforts to attain. Locke. 
REACH, retsh. n. s. Act of touching or seizing by 
extension of the hand. Power of reaching or taking 
in the hand. Locke. Power of attainment or man- 
agement. Locke. Power; limit of faculties. Ad- 
dison. Contrivance ; artful scheme ; deep thought. 
Hayward. A fetch; an artifice to obtain some 
distant advantage. Bacon. Tendency to distant 
consequences. Sliakspeare. Extent. Milton. 
RE ACHER*, retsh'-fir. n. s. One who fetches from 

some distant place, and gives. Life of A. Wood. 
To REACT {, re-akf. v. a. [re and act.] To return 

the impulse or impression. Arbuthnot. 
REACTION, re-ak'-shun. n. s. [reaction, Fr.] The 
reciprocation of any impulse or force impressed, 
made by the body on which such impression is 
made : action and reaction are equal. Newton. 
READ, reed. n. s. [jiaeb, Sax.] Counsel. Sternhold 

Saying; sentence; saw. Spenser. 

To READ §, reed. v. a. pret. read; part. pass. read. 

[pseban, Sax.] To peruse any thing written, Shak. 

To discover by characters or marks. Spenser. To 

learn by observation. Shak. To know fully. Shak. 

| To advise. [See To Areajd.] Spenser. To sup- 

I pose ; to guess. Spenser. 

| To READ, reed. 227. v. n. To perform the act of 

| perusing writing. Deut. xvii. To be studious in 

1 books. Taylor. To know by reading. 

[raeda, Icel.l To tell ; to declare. Spenser. 

{READ, reel. 231. particip. a. [from read; the verb 

read is pronounced reed ; the pret. and part, red.] 

Skilful by reading. Drvden. 

RE AT) ABLE*, reed'-a-bl. a. That may be read j 

fit to be read. Hurd. 
READE PTION, re-ad-ep'-shun. n. s. [re and adep 

tus, Lat.] Recovery ; act of regaining. Bacon. 
REA'DER, reed'-ur^. n.s. [neabepe, Sax.] One 
that peruses any thing 1 written. B. Jonson. One 
studious in books. Dryden. One whose office is to 
read prayers in churches. Swift. 
REA'DERSHIP, reed'-ur-shrp. n. s. The office of 

reading prayers. Swift. 
REA'DfLY, r£d'-de-le. 234. ad, Expeditely; with 

little hinderance or delay. Milton. 
REATJINESS, red'-de-nes. n. s. Expediteness ; 
promptitude. Bacon. The state of being ready or 
fit for any thing. Shak. Facility; freedom from 
hinderance or obstruction. Holder. State of being 
willing or prepared. South. 
REATJ1NG, r&d'-fng. 410. n. s. [neabmS, Sax.] 
Study in books; perusal of books. Watts, A lec- 
ture ; a prelection. Publick recital. Hooker. Va- 
riation of copies. Arbuthnot. 
To READJOU'RN*, re-ad-jura'. v. a. [re and ad- 
journ.] To put off' again to another time ; to cite or 
summon again. Cotgrave. 
To READJUST*, re-ad-just'. v. a. [re and adjust.) 
To put in order again what bad been discomposed. 
Fielding. 
READMI'SSION, re-ad-mfsh'-fin. n. s. The act of 

admitting again. Arbuthnot. 
To READMIT, re-ad-mfr'. v. a, [re and admit ] To 

let in again. Milton. 
READM'TTANCE*, re-ad-mit'-tanse. n. s, Akw 
ance to evter again. Brevint. 
755 



REA 



REA 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;•— me, mh 3— pine, pin 



To READO'PT*, re-a-dopt'. v. a. [re and adopt] 

To adopt again. Young. 
To READO'RN, re-a-d&m'. v. a. To decorate 

again; to deck anew. Blackmore. 
READVE'RTENCY*, re-ad-ver'-ten-se. n. s. [re 

and advertency.] The act of reviving. Norris. 
READY $, reW-de. 234. a. [hjiab, hpseb, Sax.] 
Pronpt; not delayed. Temple. Fit for a purpose ; 
not to seek. Shak. ' Prepared; accommodated to any 
design. Job,xv. Willing ; eager ; quick. Spenser. 
Being at the point; not distant; near; about to do 
or be. Job, xv. Being at hand; next to hand. 
Dryden. Facile ; easy ; opportune ; near. Hooker. 
Quick ; not done with hesitation. Richardson. 
Expedite ; nimble ; not embarrassed ; not slow. 
Watts. — To make ready. To make things ready. 
To make preparations. St. Mark, xiv. 
READY, r&d'-de. ad. Readily; so as not to need 

delay. Numbers, xxxii. 
REA'DY, r§d ; -de. n.s. Ready money. Arbuthnot. 
To READY*, rgd'-de. v. a. To set things in order. 

Brooke. 
REAFFI'RMANCE, re-af-fer'-manse. n. s. Second 

confirmation. Aylijfe. 
REAK*, reek. n. s. [pe]*c, Sax.] A rush. Drant. 
RE'AL $, re'-al. a. [real, Fr. ; recks, Lat.] Relating 
to things, not persons; not personal. Bacon Not 
fictitious ; not imaginary ; true ; genuine. Glanville. 
[In law.] Consisting of things immovable, as land. 
Child. 
REAL*, re'-al. ^ } n. s. One ol the scholastic- 
RE'ALIST*, re'-al-lst. ( al philosophers, who main- 
tained opinions directly opposite to those of the 
Nominalists. Burton. 
RE'AL*, re'-al. n. s. [redl, Span. 5 real, Fr.] A Span- 
ish sixpence. Swinburne. 
RE'ALGAR, re'-al-gar. n. s. A mineral. Harris. 
REALITY, re-aF-e-te. n. s. [realite, Fr.] Truth; 
verity; what is, not what merely seems. Addison. 
Something intrinsically important ; not merely mat- 
ter of show. Milton. 
^REALIZES, r£ al-lze. v. a. [realiser, Fr.] To 
bring into being or act. Glanville. To convert 
money into land. 
REALIZATION*, re-al-e-za'-shun. n. s. [realisa- 
tion, Fr.] The act of realizing. Cotgrave. 
Tc REALLE'GE*, re-al-ledje° v. a. [realleger, Fr.] 

To allege again. Cotgrave. 
RE'ALLY, re'-al-e. ad. With actual existence. 
Pearson. In truth ; truly ; not seemingly only. 
Wilkins. It is a slight corroboration of an opin- 
ion. Young, 
REALM, relm. 234. n.s. [realme, old Fr.] A king- 
dom; a king's dominion. Spenser. Kingly gov- 
ernment. Pope. 
RE ALTY, re'-al-te. n. s. Loyalty. Milton. Reali- 
ty. More. 
REAM, reme. 227. n. s. [peam, Sax.] A bundle of 

paper containing twenty quires. Pope, 
To REANIMATE, re-aV-ne-mate. v. a. [re and 
animo, Lat.] To revive ; to restore to life. Glan- 
ville. 
To REANNE'X, re-an-n&cs'. v. a. To annex again. 

Bacon. 
To REAP §, repe. 227. v. a. [pipan, Sax.] To cut 
corn at harvest. Lev. xix. To gather ; to obtain. 
Hooker. 
To REAP, repe. v. n. To harvest. Psalm cxxvi. 
REAPER, re'-p&r. 98. n. s. [pipepe, Sax.] One 

that cuts corn at harvest. Sandys. 
REA'TINGHOOK, re'-plng-ho6k. n.s. [reaping 
and hook.] A hook used to cut corn in harvest. 
Dryden. 
To RE APPAREL*, re-ap-par'-el v. a. [re and 

appareL] To clothe'again. Donne. 
REAPPEARANCE*, re-ap-peer'-anse. n.s. Act of 

appearing again. 
REAPPLICATION*, re-ap-p%k^-sh&n. n. s. Act 

of applying anew. Norris. 
REAR§, rere. 227. n.s. [arriere, Fr.] The hinder 
trooD of an army, o>- the hfoder line of a fleet. 
Jinolles. Tie i?.st class , in* iast in order. Peachvm. 



To REAR*, rere. v. a. To place so as to protect 

the rear. Scott. Ob. T. 
REAR, rere. 227. a. [hpepe, Sax.] Raw ; half 

roasted ; half sodden. SirT. Elyot. 

{£p This word is frequently, but corruptly, pronounced 
as if written rare. But though rear, rhyming with fear, 
is the true pronunciation, we must not suppose it to 
have the least affinity and signification with rear, be 
hind. Junius and Skinner derive this word from the 
Saxon word hrere, signifying fluent, or trembling, like 
the white or yolk of an egg when unconcocted ; hence 
Junius explains the phrase a reer-egg, a trembling 
egg ; and Skinner imagines that this word may come 
from the Greek word f Pfw, to flow, because unconcoct- 
ed eggs easily flow or move about ; or he supposes that 
our word rear, and the Saxon hrere, may possibly come 
from the Latin rarus, as opposed to dense, because 
eggs, when boiled, lose their fluidity, and grow thick. 
This derivation of Skinner seems a little too far-fetch- 
ed. Whatever may be its origin in the Saxon, it seems 
to have been used in that language for crude and un- 
concocted ; from the Saxon it comes to us in that sense, 
and, in my opinion, ought to be written as well as pro- 
nounced rere. W. 

REAR, rere. ad. Early : a provincial word. Gay. 

To REARS, rere. v. a. [paepan, Sax.] To raise up. 
1 Esdr. v. To lift up from a fall. Spenser. To 
move upwards. Milton. To bring up to maturity. 
Bacon. To educate ; to instruct. Soidhern. To 
exalt ; to elevate. Prior. To rouse ; to stir up. 
Dryden. To raise ; to breed. Harte. [paepan, 
SaxJ To achieve; to obtain. Spenser. 

REA'RWARD, rere'-ward. n. s. [from rear and 
ivard.] The last troop. Sidney. The end ; the 
tail ; a train behind. Shak. The latter part. Shak. 

REARMOUSE, rere'-mduse. n. s. [hpepemuy, 
SaxJ The leather-winged bat. Abbot. 

To REASCE'ND, re-as-sgnd'. v. n. To climb again. 
Spenser. 

To REASCE'ND, re-as-send'. v. a. To mount again. 
Addison. 

REASONS, re'-zn. 170, 227. [See Raisin.] n. s. 
[raison, Fr. ; ratio, Lat.] The power by which 
man deduces one proposition from another, or pro- 
ceeds from premises to consequences ; the rational 
faculty ; discursive power. Hooker. Cause ; ground 
or principle. Hammond. Efficient cause. Bacon. 
Final cause. Locke. Argument; ground of per- 
suasion ; motive. Tillotson. Ratiocination ; dis- 
cursive act. Davies. Clearness of faculties. Shak. 
Right; justice. Spenser. Reasonable claim; just 
practice. Bp. Tayloi\ Rationale ; just account. 
Pearson. Moderation ; moderate demands. Addi- 
san. 

To REASON, re'-zn. v. n. [raisonner, Fr.] To ar- 
gue rationally ; to deduce consequences justly from 
premises. Locke. To debate ; to discourse ; to 
talk ; to take or give an account. Shak. To raise . 
disquisitions ; to make inquiries. St. Luke, v. 

To REA'SON, re'-zn. v. a. To examine rationally. 
Burnet. To persuade by argument. Addison. 

REASONABLE, re'-zn-a-bl. a. Having the faculty 
of reason ; endued with reason. Sidney. Acting, 
speaking, or thinking rationally. Hayward. Just ; 
rational ; agreeable to reason. Wilkins. Not im- 
moderate. Shak. Tolerable ; being in mediocrity. 
Sidney. 

REASONABLENESS, re'-zn-a-bl-nSs. n. s. The 
faculty of reason. Agreeableness to reason. Clar- 
endon. Compliance with reason. Hale. Moder- 
ation. 

REASONABLY, re'-zn-a-ble. ad. Agreeably to 
reason. Dryden. Moderately; in a degree reach- 
ing to mediocrity. Bacon. 

REASONER, re'-zn-flr. 98. n.s. [raisonneur, Fr.] 
One who reasons ; an arguer. Blackmore. 

REA'SONlNG, re'-zn-!ng. 410. n. s. Argument. 
Wisdom, vii. 

REASONLESS, re'-zn^es. a. Void of reason. Shak. 

REASSE'MBLAGE*, re-as-sem'-blaje. n.s. State 

of being again brought together. Harris. 
To REASSE'MBLE, re-as-sem'-bh v. a. [re and as- 
semble.] To collect anew. Milton. 
756 



REB 



REC 



— 116, m&ve, ndr, n&t ;— tiMie, tfi.b, bull ; — 611 ;— p6und ;— thm, Tnis. 



To REASSERT, re-iis-sert'. v. a. To assert anew ; 
to maintain after suspension or cessation. After bury. 

TbREASSU'AIEji-e-as-sume'. v.a. [reassumo, Lat.] 
To resume; to take again. Mi/ton. 

Q&- See Principles, No, 454, and the word Assume. W. 

To REASSU RE, re-a-shiire'. v. a. [reussurer, Fr.] 
To free from fear 5 to restore from terrour. Dryden. 

RE'ASTINESS* rees'-te-nes. v. s. State of being 
rancid. Cotgrave. 

RE AST Y*, rees'-te. a. [perhaps a corruption of 
rusty.] Covered with a kind of rust, and having 
a rancid taste : a word applied to dried meat, par- 
ticularly to bacon. Skelton. 

RE ATE" rete. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of reak.] 
A kind of long, small grass, that grows in water, 
and complicates itself together. Walton. 

To REATTE'MPT*. re-at-temt'. v.a. To try again. 
More. 

To REAVE, reve. v. a. pret. reft. [p.eapian, Sax.] 
To take away by stealth or violence. Spenser. 

REBAPTIZA'TION, re-bap-te-za'-shun. n.s. Re- 
newal of baptism. Hooker. 

To RE BAPTIZES, re-bap-tlze'. v.a. [rebaptiser, 
Fr.] To baptize again. Ayliffe. 

REBAPTIZER*, re-bap-tl'-zur. n. s. One that 
baptizes again. Howell. 

To REBA'TEG, re-bate', v. a. [rebattre, Fr.] To 
blunt ; to beat to obtuseness ; to deprive of keen- 
ness. Chillingivorth. 

REBA'TEMENT*, re-bate'-ment. n. s. Diminution. 
1 Kings, vi. 

REBA'TO*, re-ba / -t6. n. s. A sort of ruff. See Ra- 
bato. Burton. 

REBECK, re'-bek. n.s. [rebec, Fr. -, ribecca, Ital.] 
An instrument of three strings. A kind of fiddle. 
Milton. 

RELEL §, reV-el. 102, 492. n. s. [rebelle, Fr. ; rebellis, 
Lat.] One who opposes lawful authority by vio- 
lence. Shakspeare, 

RE'BEL* reV-gl. a. [rebellis, Lat.] Rebellious. 
Milton. 

To REBEL, re-bel'. v. n. [rebello, Lat.] To rise 
in violent opposition against lawful authority. Sluik. 

REBELLED*, re-beld'. part. a. Rebellious; hav- 
ing- been guilty of rebellion. Milton. 

REBELLER, re-bel'-lur. n. s. One that rebels. 
Par f re. 

REBE'LLION, re-bel'-y&n. 113. n. s. [rebellion, 
Fr. ; rebellio, Lat.] Insurrection against lawful au- 
thority. Bacon. 

REBELLIOUS, re-bel'-y&s. a. Opponent to lawful 
authority. Dent. ix. 

REBELLIOUSLY, re-bel'-yus-le. ad. In opposition 
to lawful authority. Camden. 

REBELLIOUSNESS, re-bel'-yfis-nes. n.s. The 
quality of being rebellious. Bp. Morton. 

To REBELLOW, re-beK-16. v. n. To bellow in 
return ; to echo back a loud noise. Spenser. 

REBOA'TION, re-b6-a'-shun. n.s. [reboo, Lat.] 
The return of a loud, bellowing sound. Patrick. 

To REBO'IL*, re-boll', v. n. [rebullio, Lat.] To 
lake fire ; to be hot. Sir T. Elyot. 

To R,EBOU'ND§, re-b6und'. v.n. [rebondir, Fr. ; 
re and bound.'] To spring back ; to be reverberat- 
ed; to fly back in consequence of motion impressed 
and resisted by a greater power. Wisdom., xvii. 
To REBOU'ND, rA-b6und'. v. a. To reverberate ; 
to beat back. Decay of Christian Piety. 

REBOU'ND, re-b6und'. n.s. The act of flying back 
in consequence of motion resisted ; resililion. 
Brown. 
To REBRA'CE*, re-brase'. v. a. To brace again. 

Gray. 
To REBRE'ATHE*, re-breTHe'. v.a. To breathe 

again. Hey wood. 
REBU'FF f, re-bfif . n. s. [rebuffade, Fr. ; rebvffo, 
Ital.] Repercussion; quick and sudden resistance. 
Milton. 
To REBU'FF, re-bfif. v. a. To beat back ; to op- 
pose with sudden violence. 
To REBUILD, re-bild'. v. a. To re-edify; to restore 
from demolition ; to repair. Clarendon. 



REBU'KABLE, re-bu'-ka-bl. a. Worthy of repre- 
hension. Shakspeare. 
To REBU'KE §, re-buke'. v. a. [reboucher, Fr. 5 re 
bech, Arm.] To chide ; to reprehend ; to repress by 
objurgation. 2 Pet. ii. 
REBUKE, re-buke'. n. s. Reprehension ; chiding 
expression ; objurgation. Psalm Ixix. In low lan- 
guage, it signifies any kind of check. L 'Estrange. 
REBU'KER, re-bu'-k&r. 98. n*] A chider; a repre- 

hender. Hosea, v. 
REBU'KEFUL*, re-buke'-ful. a. Abounding in re 

buke. Huloet. Ob. T. 
REBU'KEFULLY*, re-buke'-ful-le. ad. With rep- 
rehension. Sir T. Elyot. 
REBULLITION*, reb-ul-tfsh'-un. n. s. [rebullio, 

Lat.] Act of boiling or effervescing. Wotton. 
To REBU'RY* re-ber'-re. v. a. To inter again. 

Ashmole. 
RE'BUS, re'-bus. n. s. [rebus, old Fr. ; rebus, Lat.] 
A word or name represented by things ; a sort of 
riddle. Peacham. 
To REBU'T§, re-bfit'. v. n. [rebuter, Fr.] To retire 
back. Spenser. To return an answer : a law term. 
Blackstone. 
To REBU'T*, re-but'. v.a. To beat back ; to keep 

off; to drive away. Spenser. 
REBU'TTER, re-bfit'-t&r. 98. n. s. An answer to a 

rejoinder. Blackstone. 
To RECALL, re-kalF. v. a. To call back; to call 

again ; to revoke. Hooker. 
RECALL*, re-kall'. 406. n.s. Revocation; act cr 

power of calling back. Milton. 
7\>RECA ; NT§, re-kanl'. v.a. [recanto, Lat.] To 
retract ; to recall ; to contradict what one has once 
said or done. Shakspeare. 
To RECA'NT, re-kant'. v. n. To revoke a position ; 

to unsay what has been said. Dry den. 
RECANTATION, rek-kan-ta'-shun. 530. n. s. Re- 
traction ; declaration contradictory to a former dec- 
laration. Sidney. 
RECA'NTER, re-kant'-ur. 98. n. s. One who re- 
cants. Shakspeare. 
To RECAP A'CIT ATE*, re-ka-pas'-se-tate.v. a. [re 

and capacitate.] To qualify again. Atterbury. 

To RECAPITULATE §, re-ka-p?t'-tshu-late. 91. 

v. a. [recapituler, Fr. ; re and capitulum, Lat.] To 

repeat again the sum of a former discourse. More. 

RECAPITULATION, re-ka-pfr-tshu-la'-shun. n. s. 

Distinct repetition of the principal points. Raleigh. 

RECAPITULATORY, re-ka-pit'-tshu-la-tur-e. 

512, 557. a. Repeating again. Barrow. 
RECATTURE*, re-kap'-tsbure. n. s. A prize re- 
covered from those who had taken it. 
To RECATTURE*, re-kap'-tshure. v.a. To retake 

a prize. 
To RECA'RNIFY*, re-kar'-ne-fl. v. a. [re and car 

nify.] To convert again into flesh. Howell. 
To RECA'RRY, re-kar'-re. v. a. To carry back. 

Walton. 
To RECA'ST* re-kast'. v. a. [re and cast.] To 
throw again. Florio. To mould anew. Bp. Bur 
gess. 
To RECE'DE, re-seed', v. n. [recedo, Lat.] To fall 
back ; to retreat. Dryden. To desist ; to relax any 
claim. K. Charles. 
RECEPPT, re-sete'. 412. n. s. The act of receiv 
ing. Shale. The place of receiving. St. Matlhev\ 
ix. [recepte, Fr.] A note given, by which money is 
acknowledged to have been received. Reception j 
admission. Hooker. Reception ; welcome. Sidney, 
[recepta, low Lat.; or recetta, Ital.] Prescription of 
ingredients for any composition. Shakspeare. 
RECEIVABLE, re-se'-va-bl. a. [recevahle, Fr.] Ca- 
pable of being received. Wotton. 
RECEIVABLENESS*, re-se'-va-bl-ngs. n. s. Ca- 
pability of receiving. Whitlock. 
To RECEIVES, re-seve'. v.a. [recevoir, Fr.; recip- 
io, Lat.] To take or obtain any thing as due. St. 
Luke, xiv. To take or obtain from another. 2 
Sam. xviii. To take any thing communicated. 
Locke. To embrace intellectually. Bacon. To al- 
low. Hooker. To admit. Acts, xv. To take, as 
757 



REC 



REC 



U 3 559.— Fate, f&r, fall, fat ;— me, m&t ;— pine, pin ;— 



into a vessel. Acts, i. To take into a place or 
state. St. Mark, xvi. To conceive in the mind ; to 
take intellectually. Shak. To entertain as a guest. 
Milton. 
RECEFVEDNESS, re-se'-ved-ngs. 365. n. s. Gen- 
eral allowance. Boyle. 
RECEIVER, re-se'-vur. 98. n. s. [receveur, Fr.] 
One to whom any thing is communicated by anoth- 
er. Shak. One to whom any thing is given or 
paid. Sprat. An officer appointed to receive pub- 
lick money. Bacon. One who partakes of the bless- 
ed sacrament. Bp. Taylor. One who co-operates 
with a robber, by taking the goods which he steals. 
Spenser. The vessel into which spirits are emitted 
from the still. Black-more. The vessel of the air 
pump, out of which the air is drawn, and which 
therefore receives any body on which experiments 
are tried. Bentley. 
To RECE'LEBRATE, re-sel'-le-braie. v. a. To 

celebrate anew. B. Jonson. 
RE'CENCY, re'-sen-se. n. s. [recens, Lat.] New- 
ness ; new state. Wiseman. 
To RECE'NSE§* re-sense', v. a. [recenser, old Fr. ; 
recenseo, Lat.] To examine ; to review ; to revise. 
Bentley. 
RECESSION, re-sen'-shan. n. s. [recensio, Lat.] 

Enumeration ; review. Mede. 
RE'CENTS, re'-sent. a. [recent, Yr.; recens, Lat.] 
New; not of long existence. Woodward. Late; 
not antique. Bacon. Fresh ; not long dismissed, 
released, or parted from. Pope. 
RE'CENTLY, re'-sent-le. ad. Newly ; freshly. Ar- 

huthnot. 
RE'CENTNESS, re'-sent-ngs. n. s. Newness ; fresh- 
ness. Hale. 
RECE'PTACLE, reV-sep-ta-kl, or re-sep'-ta-kL 
n.s. [receptaculum, Lat.] A vessel or place into 
which any thing is received. Hooker. 
§3= The first of these pronunciations is by far the most 
fashionable, but the second most agreeable to analogy 
and the ear. So many mutes in the latter syllables re- 
quire the aid of the antepenultimate accent to pro- 
nounce them with ease, and they ought always to have 
it. — See Acceptable and Corruptible. 
The best way to show what is the general usage in the 
accentuation of this word, will be to give it as accented 
by different orthoepists. 
Receptacle, Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston. 
Recep'taclCy Drs. Johnson, Ken rick, Ash, Mr. Nares, Mr. 
Smith, Perry, Scott, Buchanan, Barclay, 
Fenning, Bailey, Dyche, and Entick. W. 
[Jones, Fulton and Knight.] 
RE'CEPTARY, reY-sep-ta-re. [See Receptory.] 

n. s. Thing received. Ob. J. 
RECEPTIBFLITY, re-sep-te-bll'-e-te. n. s. Possi- 

bilitv of receiving. Glanville. 
RECEPTIONS, re-sep'-shun. n. s. {reception, Fr.; 
receptus, Lat.] The act of receiving. Holder. The 
stale of being received. Milton. Admission of any 
thing communicated. Locke. Re-admission. Milton. 
The act of containing. Addison. Treatment at 
first coming; welcome; entertainment. Hammond. 
Opinion generally admitted. Locke. Recovery. 
Bacon. 
RECE'PTIVE, re-sey-tlv. a. Having the quality of 

admitting what is communicated. Hooker. 
RECEPTFVITY*, r£s-sep-uV-e-te. n.s. [receptivite , 
Fr.] Slate or quality of being receptive. Fotherby. 
RE'CEPTORY, res'-sep-t&r-e. a. Generally or pop- 
ularly admitted. Brown. 
£c5= Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan place the accent on 
the first syllable of this word, and on the second of de- 
ceptory ; but, as these words are both of the same form, 
till some reason can be given for accenting them differ- 
ently, I shall consider them both as accented on the first 
syllable, as that accentuation appears to be not only 
most agreeable to polite usage, but to the general anal- 
ogy of words of this termination. — See Peremptory. 
A view of the diversity of accentuation among our ortho- 
epists will enable the inspector to judgo of the proprie- 
ty of that which I have adopted : 
Rec'eptary, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, (folio and quarto,) 

and Barclay. 
Recep'tary, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, Scott's Eailey, Mr. Perry, 
Fenning, and Entick. 



Receptory, Dr. Johnson, (folio,) Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, 

and Barclay. 
Recep'tory, Dr. Johnson, (quarto,) Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, 
Barclay, Fenning, Scott's Bailey, and 
Entick. 
Dec'eptory. 

Decep'tory, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. 
Perry, Barclay, Scott's Bailey, and Fen- 
ning. W. 

RECE ; SS§, re-seV. n.s. [recessus, Lat.] Retirement; 
retreat; withdrawing ; secession. K. Charles. 
Departure. Glanville. Place of retirement; place 
of secrecy ; private abode. Milton, [recez, Fr.] 
An abstract of the proceedings of an imperial diet. 
Ayliffe. Departure into privacy. Milton. Remis- 
sion or suspension of any procedure. Bacon. Re- 
moval to distance. Brown. Privacy ; secrecy of 
abode. Dryden. Secret part. Hammond. 
RECESSION, re-sesh'-un. n.s. {recessio, Lat.] The 
act of retreating. Bp. Taylor. Act of relaxing 
or desisting from any claim. South. 
To RECHANGE, re-tshanje'. v. a. [reclianger, Fr.] 

To change again. Dryden. 
To RECHA'RGE, re-tsharje'. v. a. [recliarger, Fr.] 
To accuse in return. Hooker. To attack anew. 
Dryden. 
RECHEA'T §, re-tshete'. n. s. [recet, old Fr.] [Among 
hunters.] A lesson which the huntsman winds on the 
horn, when the hounds have lost their game, to call 
them back from pursuing a counterscent. Shak. 
To RECHEA'T* re-tsheet'. v. n. To blow the re- 
cheat. Drayton. 
RECIDIVA'TION^e-sld-e-va'-shfin. n.s. [recidims, 

Lat.] Backsliding ; falling again. Bp. Hall. 
RECIDFVOUS, re-se-div'-us. a. Subject to fall 

again. 
I RECIPE, reV-se-pe. n. s. [Lat.] A medical prescrip- 
tion. Suckling. 
jRECFPIENT, re-sip'-pe-ent. n.s. [recipiens, Lat.] 
The receiver ; that to which any thing is commu- 
nicated. Glanville. The vessel into which spirits 
are driven bv the still. Decay of Christian Fiety. 
RECIPROCAL §, re-sip'-pro-kal. a. [reciprocus. 
Lat.] Acting in vicissitude ; alternate. Milton. 
Mutual ; done by each to each. Richardson. Mu- 
tually interchangeable. Watts. — Reciprocal pro- 
portion is, when, in four numbers, the fourth num- 
ber is so much lesser than the second, as the third is 
greater than the first, and vice versa. Harris. 
RECIPROCAL Ve-sip'.pr6-kal. n.s. An alternacy. 

Bacon. 
RECFPROCALLY, re-s?p'-pr6-kal-le. ad. Mutual- 

lv; interchangeably. Shakspeare. 
RECPPROCALNESS, re-slp'-pro-kal-ngs. n. s. 
Mutual return; alternateness. Decay of Christian 
Piety. 
To RECIPROCATE, re-sip'-pro-kate. v.n. To act 

interchangeably ; to alternate. Dryden. 
To RECI'PROCATE* re-sip'-pr6-kate. v. a. To ex- 
change ; to interchange. Johnson. 
RECIPROCA'TION.re-slp-pro-ka'-shfln. n.s. [re 
ciprocatio, Lat.] Alternation ; action interchanged. 
Bacon. 
RECIPROCITY*, rgs-e-pr&s'-e-te. n.s. [reciprocity. 

Fr.] Reciprocal obligation. Blackstone. 
RECFSION, re-sizh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; recisus, Lat.] 

The act of cutting off. Shenoood. 
RECFTAL, re-si'-tal. n.s. Repetition; rehearsal. 
Denham. Narration. Addison. Enumeration. 
Prior. 
RECITA'TION, rgs-se-ta'-shfin. n. s. Repetition > 

rehearsal. Hammond. 
RECITATFVE, res-se-ta-teev'. )n.s. [from re- 
RECITATFVO, r&-se-ta-t£ev'-6. \ cite, Ital.] A 
kind of tuneful pronunciation, more musical than 
common speech, and less than song ; chant. Dn/d. 
RECITATFVELY*, res-se-ta-teev'-le. ad. After the 
manner of the recitative. .Left, on Q. Anne's going 
to St. Paul's. 
To RECFTE $, re-slte'. v. a. [recitl, Lat. ; reciter, 
Fr.] To rehearse ; to repeat ; tc enumerate ; to 
tell over. Ecclus. xliv. 

758 



REC 



REC 



116, move, ndr, not; — lube, tub, bull; — on"; — pd&nd; — th'm, thi's. 



RKCT'TE, re-slte'. n.s. [recti, Fr.] Recital. Temple 

Ob. J. 
RECI'TER, re-sl'-t&r. n.s. One who recites. Bur- 
ton. 
To RECK?, rek. v.n. [pecan, Sax.] To care; to 
heed ; to mind. Spenser. Ob. J. But used in 
Scotland. 

It RECKS, v. impersonal. To care. Milton. 

To RECK, re"k. v. a. To heed ; to care for. Sidney 

RE'CKLESS, rek'-les. a. [peccelear, Sax.] Care 
less ; heedless j mindless ; untouched. Sidney. 

R E CKLESSNESS, reV-les-nes. n. s. Carelessness ; 

negligence. Sidney. 
To RECKON?, rek'-kn. 103. v. a. [necean, Sax.] 
To number ; to count. Lev. xxvii. To esteem ; to 
. account. Hooker. To assign in an account. Rom. iv 

To RECKON, rek'-kn. 170. v.n. To compute; to 
calculate. Addison. To state an account. Sliak, 
To charge to account. B. Jonson. To give an ac- 
count ; to assign reasons of action. Abp. Sandys 
To pay a penalty. Sanderson. To call to punish- 
ment. Tillotson. To lay stress or dependence 
upon. Temple. 

RECKONER, rek'-kn-ur. 98. n.s. One who com 
putes ; one who calculates cost. Camden. 

RECKONING, rek'-kn-lng. 410. n.s. Computation; 
calculation. Account of time. Sandys. Accounts 
of debtor and creditor. Daniel. Money charged 
by a host. Sliakspeare. Account taken. 2 Kings. 
Esteem ; account ; estimation. Sidney. 

RECKONING-BOOK, rek'-kn-ing-boSk. n.s. A 
book in which money received and expended is 
set 'down. 

To RECLAFMy, re-klame'. . 202. v. a. [reclamo, 
Lat.] To reform ; to correct. Spenser, [reclaimer, 
Fr.] To reduce to the state desired. Bacon. To 
recall ; to cry out against. Dryden. To tame. 
Dnjden. To recover. Spenser. 

To RECLAIM* re-klame'. v.n. To exclaim. Pope. 

RECLAIM*, re-klame'. n.s. Reformation. Hales. 
Recovery. Spenser. ■ ■ 

RECLAFMABLE*, re-kla'-ma-bl. a. That may be 
reclaimed. Dr. Cockburn. 

RECLAFMANT, re-kla'-mant. n. s. Contradicter. 
Waterland. 

RECLAFMLESS*, re-klame'-les. a. Not to be re- 
claimed. Lee. 

RECLAMATION* rek-kla-ma'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] 
Recovery. Bp. Hall. 

RECLIN A'TION*, rek-kle-na'-shfin.n. 5. The act of 
leaning- or reclining. 

To RECLFNE y,re-kllne'. v. a. [reclino, Lat. ; re- 
cliner, Fr.] To lean back ; to lean sidewise. Dry- 
den. 

To RECLFNE, re-kllne'. v. n. To rest ; to repose , 
to lean. Shenstone. 

RECLFNE, re-kllne'. a. [reclinis, Lat.] In a lean- 
ing posture. Milton. 

To RECLO'SE, re-kloze'. v. a. To close again. 
Pope. 

To RECLU'DE, re-klide'. v.a. [recludo, Lat.] To 
open. Harvey. 

RECLU'SEy, re-kluse'. 437. n.s. [reclus, recluse, 
old Fr.] One shut up ; a retired person. Hammond. 

RECLU'SE, r£-kluse'. a. Shut up; retired. Prior. 

To RECLU'SE*, re-kluse'. v. a. To shut up. Donne. 
Ob. T. 

RECLU'SELY*, re-kluse'-le. ad. In retirement ; like 
a recluse. 

RECLU'SENESS*, re-kluse'-nes. n. s. Retirement. 
Feltham. 

RECHJ'SION*,re-klu'-zhun.rc. s. State of a recluse. 

RECLU'SIVE*, re-klu'-slv. a. Affording conceal- 
ment Shakspeare. 

RECOAGUL A'TION, re-ko-ag-gu-la'-sh&n. n. s. 
Second coagulation. Boyle. 

To RECOCT*, re-kokt'. v. a. [recoctus, Lat.] To 
vamp up. Bp. Taylor. 

RECO'GNISABLE*, re-k&g'-ne-za-bl. a. That 
may be acknowledged. 

RECOGNISANCE, re-k6g'-ne-zanse. [re-k6n'-ne- 
zans, Sheridan and Perry.] n. s. [recognisance, Fr.] 



Acknowledgement of person or thing. Badge. 
Hooker. A bond of record testifying the recogni- 
sor to owe unto the recognisee a certain sum of 
money; and is acknowledged in some court of 
record. Cowel. 
55" For the pronunciation of g, in this and the following 
words, see Principles, No. 387, and the words Cogni- 
zance and Conusance. W. 

To RE'COGNISEy, rek'-k&g-nize. v.a. [recognosco, 
Lat.] To acknowledge; to recover and avow 
knowledge of any person or thing. Fell. To re- 
view; to re-examine. South. 

RECOGNISEE', re-kdg-ne-zee'. n.s. Oue in whose 
favour the bond is drawn. 

RECO'GNISOR, re-kog-ne-zor'. [re-k6n'-ne-s3r r 
Perry.] n. s. One who gives the recognisance. 

tyCf* When this word is not used as a law term, but con- 
sidered only as the verbal noun of recognise, it ought 
to be spelled recogniser, and to have the accent on the 
first syllable. W. 

RECOGNITION, rek-k6g-n?sh'-un. n. s. [recognitio 7 
Lat.] Review; renovation of knowledge. Hooker. 
Knowledge confessed. Grew. Acknowledgement; 
memorial. Wliite. 

To RECOFL y, re-kdfl'. 299. v.n. [render, Fr.] To 
rush back in consequence of resistance, which can- 
not be overcome by the force impressed. Milton. 
To fall back. Spenser. To fail; to shrink. Shak. 

To RECOFL*, re-koll'. v.a. To drive back; f» 
cause to recoil. Spenser. Ob. T. 

RECOFL, re-kdll'. n.s. A falling back. Browne. 

RECOFLING*, re-k611'-mg. n.s. Act of shrinking 
back; revolt. South. 

RECOFLINGLY*, re-koil'-ing-le. ad. With retro- 
cession. Huloet. 

To RECOI'N, re-kdiV. 299, 300. v. a. To coin over 
again. Addison. 

RECOFNAGE, re-k&?n'-?dje. 90. n.s. The act of 
coining anew. Bacon. 

To RECOLLE'CT y, rek-k&l-lSkt'. [See Collect.) 
v. a. [recollectus, Lat.] To recover to memory, 
Watts. To recover reason or resolution. Dryden. 
To gather what is scattered; to gather again. 
Donne. 

RECOLLECT* reV-kol-h?kt. ;«.*. A monk of a 

RE'COLLET*, rek'-k6l-let. 5 reformed order of 
Franciscans. Weever. 

RECOLLECTION, rgk-k6l-leV-shun. n.s. Recov- 
ery of notion ; revival in the memory. Locke. 

To RECOMBFNE*, re-k6m-blne'. v.a. [re and 
combine.] To join together again. Carew. 

To RECO'MFORTy, re-kumM&rt. v. a. To comfort 
or console again. Sidney. To give new strength- 
Bacon. 

RECO'MFORTLESS*, re-kum'-furt-les. a. With- 
out comfort. Spenser. 

To RECOMME'NCE, re-kdm-mense'. 531. v. a. 
[recommencer , Fr.] To begin anew. 

ToRECOMME'NDy, rek-k6m-mend'. [See Com- 
mand.] v. a. [recommander, Fr. ; re and commend.] 
To praise to another. Dryden. To make accepta- 
ble. Pope. To commit with prayers. Acts, xxv. 

RECOMME'NDABLE, rek-kdm-mend'-a-bl. a. 
Worthy of recommendation or praise. Glanville. 

RECOMME'NDABLENESS* rek-k6m-mend'-a- 
bl-nes. n.s. Quality of being recommendable. 
More. 

RECOMME'NDABLY* rek-kSm-mend'-a-ble. ad. 
So as to deserve commendation. Sherwood. 

RECOMMENDATION, rgk-kom-men-dcV-shun. 
n.s. [Fr.] The act of recommending. That which 
secures to one a kind reception from another. 
Dryden. 

RECOMMENDATORY, rek-k6m-men'-da-tur-e. 
512. [See Domestick.] a. That commends to 
another. Swift 



'wift 

'NE 



RECOMME'NDER, rgk-k6m-mend'-fir. n. s. One 

who recommends. Atterbury. 
To RECOMMFT, re-k&m-miY. v.a. To commit 

anew. Clarendon. 
To RECOMPA'CT, re-kdm-pakt'. v. a. To join 

anew. Donne. 

759 



REC 










REC 


EF 559.- 


-Fate, far 


fall, fat;- 


-me, met ;- 


—pine 


pin;— 



RECOMPENSA'TION*, rek-kom-pen-sa'-sh&n. 
n.s. Recompense. Huloet. 

To RECOMPENSE y ,rek'-k6m-pense. v.a. [recom- 
penser, Fr.] To repay ; to requite. 1 Mace. x. To 
give in requital. Rom. xii. To compensate ; to 
make up by something equivalent. Carew. To re- 
deem ; to pay for. Num. v. 

RECOMPENSE, rek'-kom-pense. n.s. [Fr.] Re- 
ward; something given as an acknowledgement of 
merit. SJiak. Equivalent; compensation. Clarend. 

RECOMPPLEMENT, re-k6m-plle'-ment. 531. n.s. 
New complement. Bacon. 

To RECOMPO / SE,re-k6m-p6ze / . 531. v.a. [recom- 
poser, Fr.] To settle or quiet anew. Bp. Taylor. 
To form or adjust anew. Boyle. 

RECOMPOSFTION,re-k6m-p6-z?sh / -un. n.s. Com- 
position renewed. 

RECONCFLABLE, rek-kon-sl'-la-bl. a. [rec.oncili- 
able, Fr.] Capable of renewed kindness. Consist- 
ent ; possible to be made consistent. Hammond. 

RECONCFLABLENESS, rek-kon-sl'-la-bl-nes. 
n. s. Consistence ; possibility to be reconciled. 
Hammond. Disposition to renew love. 

To RECONCILE $, rek'-k&n-slle. v. a. [reconcilier, 
Fr. ; reconcilio, Lat.] To make to like again. 
Shale. To make to be liked again. Clarendon. 
To make any thing consistent. Locke. To restore 
to favour. Ezek. xlv. To purify. Puller. To re- 
•cstablish. Spenser. 

To RECONCILE*, rek'-k&n-slle. v.n. To become 
reconciled. Abp. Sancroft. 

RECONCFLEMENT, reV^n-slle-ment. n. s. Rec- 
onciliation ; renewal of kindness; favour restored. 
Hilton. Friendship renewed. Milton. 

RECONCFLER, rek'-kon-sl-lur. n. s. One who re- 
news friendship between others. Fell. One who dis- 
covers the consistence between propositions. Norris. 

RECONCILIATION, rek-k&n-sil-e-a'-sh&n. n. s. 
[reconciliatio, Lat.] Renewal of friendship. Agree- 
ment of things seemingly opposite ; solution of 
seeming contrarieties. Rogers. Atonement; ex- 
piation. Heb. ii. 

RECONCFLIATORY*, rSk-k&n-siF-e-a-tflr-e. a. 
Able to reconcile. Bp. Hall. 

To RECONDE'NSE, re-kon-deW. v.a. To con- 
dense anew. Boyle. 

RECONDFTE, reV-kon-dlte. a. [reconditus, Lat.] 
Hidden ; secret ; profound ; abstruse. Glanville. 

f£j= Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Barclay, Mr. 
Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Fry, anrl Entick, accent this word 
on the second syllable ; Mr. Sheridan and Bailey [and 
Mr. Todd] on the last ; and Fenning, only, on the first. 
But, notwithstanding so many authorities are against 
me, I am much deceived if the analogy of pronuncia- 
tion be not decidedly in favour of that accentuation 
■which I have given- We have but few instances in 
the language where we receive a word from the Latin, 
by dropping a syllable, that we do not remove the ac- 
cent higher than the original. 503. Thus recondite, 
derived from reconditus, may with as much propriety 
remove the accent from the long penultimate, as car- 
buncle from carbunculus, calumny from calumnia, 
detriment from detrimentum, innocency from innocen- 
tia, controversy from controversia, and a thousand 
others. Besides, it may be observed, that Mr. Sheridan 
and Bailey, by accenting this word on the last syllable, 
do not decide against the accent on the first. ; for all 
words of three syllables which may be accented on the 
last, may also have an accent on the first, though not 
inversely. 524. The antepenultimate accent, to which 
our language has such a tendency, ought, in my opin- 
ion, to be indulged in this word, notwithstanding the 
numerous authorities against it. The word incondite 
must certainly follow the fortunes of the present word ; 
and we find [most of] those orthoepists, who have the 
word, accent it as they do recondite, Mr. Sheridan on 
the last syllable, but Mr. Fenning, inconsistently, on 
the second. W. — [rec'ondite, Jones ; rec'ondite or re- 
condite, Fulton and Knight.] 

To RECONDUCT, r^-kon-d&kt'. v.a. [reconduit, 
Fr.] To conduct again. Dryden. 

To RECONFIRM*, re-k&n-feW. v. a. To estab- 
lish again. Ld. Clarendon. 

To RECONJOFN, re-k&n-j61n'. v.a. To join anew. 
Boyle. 



To RECO'NQUER, re-k&ng'-k&r. v.a. [reconquerir, 
Fr.] To conquer again. Davies. 

To RECONNOFTER*, [RECONNOITRE, Jynes, 
&c] rek-k&n-nde'-tur. v. a. [reconnoitre, Fr.] To 
examine ; to view. Addison. 

To RECO'NSECRATE, re-k&n'-se-krate. v.a. To 
consecrate anew. Ayliffe. 

To RECONSFDER*, re-k&n-sld'-fir. v. a. To turn 
in the mind over and over. Ld. Chesterfield. 

To RECO'NSOLATE*, re-k6n'-s6-late. v.a. [re 
and consolalej To comfort again. Wotton. 

To RECONVENE, re-k&n-vene'. v. n. [re and con- 
vene.] To assemble anew. Clarendon. 

RECONVERSION*, re-k&n-ver'-shfin. ft. s. A 
second conversion. Weever. 

To RECONVERT*, re-kon-verF. v. a. To convert 
again. Milton. 

To RECONVE'Y, re-kon-va'. v.a. To convey 
again. Denliam. 

To RECO'RD y, rb-kdrd'.m.v.a. [recordor, Lat. ; 
recorder, Fr.] To register any thing so that its mem- 
ory may not be lost. Dent. xxx. To celebrate ; to 
cause to be remembered solemnly. Milton. To 
recite; to repeat; to tune. Spenser. To call to 
mind. Spenser. 

To RECO'RD*, re-kord'. v. n. To sing a tune ; to 
play a tune. Shakspeare. 

RECORD, rek'-drd, or re-k6rd'. n.s. [Fr.] Regis- 
ter ; authentick memorial. Shakspeare. 

#y* The noun record was anciently, as well as at present, 
pronounced with the accent either on the first or second 
syllable : till lately, however, it generally conformed to 
the analogy of other words of this kind ; and we sel- 
dom heard the accent, on the second syllable till a great 
luminary of the law, as remarkable for the justness of 
his elocution as his legal abilities, revived the claim 
this word anciently had to the ultimate accent ; and, 
since his time, this pronunciation, especially in our 
courts of justice, seems to have been the most general. 
We ought, however, to recollect, that this is overturn- 
ing one of the most settled analogies of our language 
in the pronunciation of dissyllable nouns and verbs of 
the same form. — See Principles, No. 492. 

" But many a crime, deem'd innocent on earth, 
" Is register'd in heaven ; and there, no doubt, 
" Have each their record, with a cure annex'd." 

Coioper's Task. W. 

RECORD A'TION, rek-k&r-da'-shfin. n. s. [recorda- 

tio, Lat.] Remembrance. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
RECO'RDER, re-k6rd'-fir. n. s. One whose busi- 
ness is to register any events. Donne. The keep- 
er of the rolls in a city. Swift. A kind of flute; 
a wind instrument. Sidney. 
To RECOCCH, re-kSutsh'. v. n. [re and couch.'] To 

lie down again. Wotton. 
To RECO'UNTy, re-k6unf. v. a. [recorder, Fr.] To 

relate in detail ; to tell distinctly. Shakspeare. 
RECO UNTMENT, re-k6unF-ment. n. s. Relation; 

recital. Shakspeare. 
To RECOU'RE, re-koiV. v. a. To recover, or re 

cure. Spenser. See To Recure. 
RECOU'RSE §, re-korse'. n. s. [recursus, Lat. ; re- 
cours, Fr.] Frequent passage. Sfuik. Return ; 
new attack. Brown. Return; recurrence. Bar- 
row, [recours, Fr.] Application as for help or pro- 
tection. Wotton. Access. Shakspeare. 
To RECOURSE* re-korse'. v. n. To return. Fox. 

Ob. T. 
RECOU'RSEFUL, re-kirse'-ful. a. Moving alter- 
nately. Drayton. 
To RECO'VER y, re-kfiv'-ur. v.a. [recouvrer, Fr. ; 
recupero, Lat.] To restore from sickness or disor- 
der. 2 Kings, v. To repair. Rogers. To regain ; 
to get again. Sidney. To release. 2 Tim. ii. To 
attain ; to reach ; to come up to. Shakspeare. 
To RECOVER, re-k&v'-fir. v.n. To grow well from 

a disease, or any evil. 2 Kings, xx. 
RECOVERABLE, re-kfiv'-fir-a-bl. a. [recouvrable, 
Fr.] Possible to be restored from sickness. Possi- 
ble to be regained. Shakspeare. 
RECOVER Y, re-k&v'-fir-e. n. s. Restoration from 
sickness. Bp. Taylor. Power or act of regaining 
Shak. The act of cutting off an entail. Shak. 
760 



REC REC 




— hA, move, nflr, not ;— lube, tftb, bull ;— 611 ;— pdftnd ;— tfun, THis. 



RECREANT*, rek'-kro-ant. a. {recreant, old Fr.] 
Cowardly; meanspirited 3 subdued. Spenser. Apos- 
tate; false. Milton. 
To RECREATE*, re-kre-atc'. v. a. To create 

anew. Donne. 
To RE 'CREATE}, rek'-kre-ate. 531. v. a. [recreo, 
Lat.] To refresh after toil ; to amuse or divert in 
weariness. Shak. To delight; to gratify. More. 
To relieve ; to revive. Harwy. 
To RE'CRE ATE*, rek'-kre-ate. v.n. To take rec- 
reation. L. Addison. 
RECREATION, rek-kre-a'-shun. n.s. Relief after 
toil orpain ; amusement in sorrow or distress. Sid- 
ney. Refreshment; amusement; diversion. Holder. 
RE CREATIVE, rek'-kre-a-tiv. a. Refreshing; giv- 
ing 1 relief after labour or pain ; amusing; diverting. 
Bacon. 
RE'CRE ATIVELY*, rek'-kre-a-tiv-le.atf. With rec- 
reation ; with diversion. Sherwood. 
RE'CRE ATIVENESS, rek'-kre-a-dv-nes. n.s. The 

quality of being recreative. 
RE'CREMENTl, rek'-kre-ment. n. s. [recrementum, 
Lat.] Dross ; spume ; superfluous or useless parts. 
Bp.Halt. ' 
RECREME'NTAL, rek-kre-men'-tal. ) 

RECREMENTITIOUS, rek-kre-men-tlsh'-us. $ a ' 

Drossv. Reid. 
To RECRI'MINATEy, re-krlm'-e-nate. v.n. [re- 
criminer, Fr. ; re and criminor, Lat.] To return 
one accusation with another. Sailing; fleet. 
To RECRJ'MINATE, re-krhn'-e-nate. v. a. To ac- 
cuse in return. South. 
RECRIMINATION, re-krlm-e-na'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] 
Return of one accusation with another. Government 
of the Tongue. 
RECRIMINATOR, re-krlm'-e-na-tur. 521. n. s. 

One that returns one charge with another. 
RECRIMINATORY*, re-krfm'-e-na-tur-e. a. Re- 
torting accusation. Burke. 
RECRU'DENCYy*, re-kroo'-den-se. ) 

RECRUDE'SCENCYy*, rek-kr66-des'-sen-se. \ 
n. s. [recnidir, Fr. ; recrudesce, Lat.] State of be- 
coming sore again ; a sort of relapse. Bacon. 
RECRUDE'SCENT, rek-kroq-des'-sent. 510. a. [re- 
crudescens, Lat.] Growing painful or violent again. 
To RECRUIT §, re-kroSt'. v. a : [recruter, Fr.] To 
repair any thing wasted by new supplies. Wiseman. 
To supply an armv with new men. Clarendon. 
To RECRUIT, re-kr66t'. v. n. To raise new sol- 
dier?.. Addison. 
RECRLTT, re-kroot'. 343. n. s. Supply of any thing 

wasted. Clarendon. New soldiers. Dryden. 
RECTANGLE §, rek'-iang-gl. n. s. [rectangulus, 
Lat.] A figure having four sides, of which the op- 
posite ones are equal, and all its angles right an- 
gles. Locke. 
RECTA'NGLE*, rek'-lan-gl. ) a. Having a right 
RECTANGLED*, rgk'-tan-gld. \ angle. Brown. 
RECTA'NGULAR, rek-tang'-gii-lar. a. Right an- 
gled ; having angles of ninety degrees. Wotton. 
RECTANGULARLY, rek-tang'-gu-lar-le. ad. With 

right angles. Brown. 
RE'CTIFIABLE, rek'-te-f i-a-bl. 183. a. Capable 

to be set right. Braicn. 
RECTIFICATION, rek-te-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
The act of setting right what is wrong. Burton. 
[In chymistry.] Rectification is drawing any thing 
over again by distillation, to make it yet higher or 
finer. Quincy. 
RECTIFIER* rek'-te-f 1-fir. n. s. One who sets right 
what is wrong. Swift. One employed in the pro- 
cess of rectifying by distillation. An instrument 
that shows the variation of the compass, in order to 
rectify the course of a ship. 
To RE'CTIFY§, rek'-te-f]. 183. v. a. [rectifier, Fr.; 
rectus and facio, Lat.] To make right ; to reform ; 
to redress. Hooker. To exalt and improve by re- 
peated distillation. Grew. 
RECTILINEAR, rek-te-tfn'-e-or. ) a. [rectus and 
RECTILINEOUS, rek-te-lln'-e-us. ) linea, Lat.] 

Consisting of right lines. Ray. 
RECTITUDE, rek'-te-tude. n. s. [rectiiudo, Lat.] 
96 



Slraightness ; not curvity. Rightncss ; uprightness , 
freedom from moral curvity or obliquity. K.Charles. 
Right judgement; due deliberation and decision : a 

i)lnl()so|)hical term. Paley. 
1 (TORy, rek'-t&r. n. s. [recteur, Fr.; rector, Lat.] 
Ruler ; lord ; governour. Hale. Parson of an un- 
impropriated parish. Blacksione. 

RECTO'RIAL*, rek-t6'-ie-al.a. [Fr.] Belonging to 
the rector of a parish. Blackstone. 

RECTORSHIP, rek'-t&r-shfp. n. s. The rank or of- 
fice of rector. Shakspeare. 

RECTORY, rek'-tfir-e. n. s. A rectory or parsonage 
is a spiritual living, composed of land, tithe, and 
other oblations of the people, separate or dedicate 
to God in any congregation for the service of his 
church there, and for the maintenance of the gov- 
ernour or minister thereof, 10 whose charge the 
same is committed. Spelman. 

RE'CTRESS*, rek'-tres. ) n. s. [reclrix, Lat.] Gov 

RE'CTRIX*, rek'-trlks. \ erness. B. Jonson. 

RECUBATION, rek-ku-ba'-sh&n. 530. n. s. [recu 
bo, Lat.] The act of lying or leaning. Brown. 

To RECU'LE, re-kule'. v. n. [reader, Fr.] To re- 
tire; to fall backward; to recoil. Barret. Ob. J. 

To RECU'MB* re-kfim'. v. n. [recumbo, Lat.] To 
lean ; to repose. Allen. Ob. T. 

RECU'MBENCE*, re-kum'-bense. n. s. Act of re- 
• posing, or resting in confidence. Lord North. 

RECU'MBENCY, re-kum'-beu-se. n. s. The posture 
of lying or leaning. Brown. Rest; repose. Locke. 

RECU'MBENT §, re-kfim' -bent. a. [recurnbens, Lat.] 
Lying; leaning. Arbuthnot. Reposing; inactive 
listless. Young. 

RECUPERABLEt, re-ku'-per-a-bl. a. Recovera- 
ble. Chaucer. Obsolete. 

RECUPERATION}, re-ku-per-a'-shfin. n.s. [recu- 
peratio, Lat.] The recovery of a thing lost. More. 

RECU'PERATIVE. re-ku'-per-a-tiv. ; a. Be- 

RECU'PERATORY, re-ku'-per-a-t&r-e. 5 longing 
to recovery. Cockeram. 

To RECUR, re-kfir'. v.n. [recurro, Lat.] To come 
back to the thought; to revive in the mind. Locke, 
[recourir, Fr.] To have recourse to 5 to take refuge 
in. Locke. 

To RECU'RE §, re-kure 7 . v. a. [re and cure.] To 
recover ; to regain. Chaucer. To recover from 
sickness or labour. Spenser. 

RECU'RE, re-kure'. n. s. Recovery; remedy. Sack- 
ville. 

RECU'RELESS*, re-kure'-les. a. Incapable of rem- 
edy. Bp. Hall. 

RECURRENCE, re-kur'-rense. ? n. s. Return. 

RECU'RRENCY, re-kfir'-ren-se. $ Brown. 

RECU'RRENTy, re-kfir'-rent. a. [recun;ent, Fr. 
recurrens, Lat.] Returning from time to time. Har- 

RECU'RSION, re-kur'-shun. n. s. [recursus, Lat.] 
Return. Boyle. 

To RECU'RVATE* re-kur'-vate. v. a. [recurvatus, 
Lat.] To bend back. Pennant. 

RECURVATION, re-kur-va'-shun. ) n. s. Flexure 

RECU'RVITY, re-kur'-ve-te. $ backwards. 

Broivn. 

To RECU'RVE §*, re-kurve'. v. a. [recurvo, Lat.] 
To bow or bend back. Cockeram. 

RECU'RVOUS, re-kfir'-vus. a. [recurcus, Lat.] 
Bent backward. Derham. 

RE'CUSANCY*, re-ku'-zan-se, or rek'-ku-zan-se. 
n. s. The tenets of a recusant ; nonconformity. Coke. 

RE'CUSANTy, re-ku'-zant, or rek'-ku-zant. n. s. 
[recusans, Lat.] One that refuses to acknowledge 
the king's supremacy in matters of religion; a non- 
conformist ; one that refuses any terms of commu- 
nion or society. Davies. 

35= I must in this word retract my former opinion, and 
give the preference to the accent on the second syllable 
Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston might, like myself, sup 
pose usage on their side ; but the authority of Drs. John 
son, Ash, Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Perry, Barclay, Fenning 
Bailey, Dyche, and Entick, is sufficient to make us sus- 
pect that usage has not so clearly decided ; and, there- 
fore, though some words of this form and number of 
syllables depart from the acceatuation of the Lath* 
761 



RED 



RED 



U* 559.— Fate, far, All, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



words from which they are derived, as ignorant, labo- 
rant, adjutant, permanent, confident, &c, yet the gen- 
eral rule seems to incline to the preservation of the ac- 
cent of the original, when the same number of syllables 
are preserved in the English word— to say nothing of 
the more immediate formation of this word from the ju- 
dicial verb to recuse.— See Principles, No. 437 and 
503, (b and k.) W.—[Mr. Todd has changed the accent 
with the following remark : " Our word was. originally 
accented on the second syllable, as Dr. Johnson gave it, 
but it is now generally on the first."] 

RE'CUSANT*, re-ku'-zant, or rrk'-ku-zant. a. Re- 
fusing to conform 5 refusing to take certain oaths. 
Lord Clarendon. 

RECUSA'TION*, lek-kii-za'-shun. n. s. Refusal. 
Cotgrave. [In law.] The act of recusing' a judge, 
that is, of requiring him not to try a cause in which 
he is supposed to be personally interested. 

To RECU'SE, re-kuze'. v. a. [recuser, Fr. ; recuso, 
Lat.] To refuse : a juridical word. Digby. 

RED §, red. a. [peb, Sax.] Of the colour'of blood ; 
of one of the primitive colours. Shakspeare. 

RED*, red. n. s. Red colour. Newton. 

To REDA'CT*, re-dakt'. v. a. [redactus, Lat.] To 
ibrce ; to reduce or shape into form. Drummcnd. 
Ob. T. 

To REDARGUES, red-ar'-gu. v. a. [redargue-, 
Lat.l To refute; to convict. Hukeu-ill. 

REDARGU'TION*, red-ar-gu'-shcm. n. s. [reda. r - 
gutio, Lat.] A refutation ; a conviction. Bacon. 

REDBERR1ED Slirub Cassia, n. s. A plant. Miller. 

RE'DBREAST, red'-brest. n. s. A small bird so 
named from the colour of its breast. Thomson. 

RE'DCOAT, red'-kote. n. s. A name of contempt 
for a soldier. Dryden. 

To RE'DDEN, red'-dn. 103. v. a. To make red. I 
Dryden. 

To RE'DDEN, red'-dn. v. n. [jieabian, Sax.] To 

frow red. Dryden. 
'DDISH, red'-dlsh. a. Somewhat red. Lev. xiii. 
RE'DDISHNESS, red'-dlsh-nes. n. s. Tendency to 

redness. Boyle. 
REDDFTION, red-dish'-un. n. s. [redition, Fr.; 
from reddo, Lat.] Restitution. Howell. Explana- 
tion ; representation. Milton. 
RE'DDITD/E, red'-de-tiv. a. [redditivus, Lat.] An- 
swering to an interrogative : a term of grammar. 
Instruct, for Oratory. 
RE'DDLE, red'-dl. 405. n. s. A sort of mineral earth, 
remarkably heavy, and of a fine florid, though not 
deep-red colour. Hill. 
REDE, rede. n. s. [pseb, Sax.] Counsel ; advice. 

See Read. Spenser. 
To REDE, rede. n. a. To advise. See To Read. 
To REDEE'M §, re-deem'. 246. r. a. [redimo, Lat.] 
To ransom ; to relieve from forfeiture or captivity 
by paying a price. Ruth, iv. To rescue ; to re- 
cover. Psalm xxv. To recompense ; to compen- 
sate ; to make amends for. Sidney. To free by 
paying an atonement. Shak. To pay the penalty 
of. Milton. To perform the work of universal re- 
demption ; to confer the inestimable benefit of re- 
conciliation to God. Gal. iii. 
REDEEMABLE, re-deem'-a-bl. a. Capable of re- 
demption. Bp. Berkeley. 
REDEE'M A.BLENESS,re-deenV-a-bl-nes. n.s. The 

state of being redeemable. 
REDEE'MER, re-deem' -ur. 98. n.s. One who ran- 
soms or redeems ; a ransomer. Spenser. The Sa- 
viour of the world. Milton. 
To REDELI'BERATE*, re-de-l?b'-er-ate. v. a. [re 

and deliberate.'] To reconsider. Cotgrave. 
To REDELIVER, re-de-hV-ur. v. a. To deliver 

back. Aidijfe. 
REDELIVERY, re-de-uV-fir-e. n. s. The act of 

delivering back. Bp. Hall. 
To REDEMA'ND, re-de-mand'. v. a. To demand 

back. Addison. 
REDE'MPTION, re-dem'-sh&n. 412. n.s. [Fr. ; re- 
demptio. Lat.] Ransom ; release. Milton. Purchase 
of God's favour by the death of Christ. Nelson. 
REDE'MPTORY, re-dem'-t&r-e. 412, 512, 557. a. 
Paid for ransom. Chapman. 



[re and de 



To REDESCE'ND*, re-de-send', v 
scend.] To descend again. Howell. 

RE'DGUM, rgd'-gum. n. s. [from red and gum.] A 
disease of children newly born. 

RE'DHOT, red'-hot. a. Heated to redness. Bacon. 

To REDI'NTEGRATE$*, re-dfn'-te-grate. v. a. [re- 
dintegro, Lat.] To restore ; to make new. B.Jonson. 

REDINTEGRATE, re-dln'-te-grate. a. Restored 
renewed ; made new. Bacon. 

REDINTEGRA'TION, re-din-te-gra'-shun. n. s. 
Renovation ; restoration. Decay oj Christian Piety. 
The restoring any mixed body or matter, whose 
form has been destroyed, to its former nature and 
constitution. Quincy. 

To REDISBOU'RSE*, re-dis-burse'. v. a. [re and 
debourser, Fr.] To repay. Spenser. 

To REDISPO'SE*, re-dls-pose'. v. a. To adjust or 
dispose anew. A. Baxter. 

To REDISTRIBUTE*, re-dls-trlb'-ute. v. a. To 
deal back again. Cctgrave. 

RE'DLEAD, red-led', n.s. [red and lead.] Minium; 
lead calcined. Peacham. 

RE'DLY*, red'-le. ad. With redness. Cotgrave. 

RE'DNESS, rgd'-nes. n. s. [jiebne r re, Sax.] The 
qualitv of being red. Brown. 

RE'DOLENCE, r£d'-6-lense. 503. \n. s. Sweet 

RE'DOLENCY, red'-o-len-se. $ scent. Boyle. 

RE'DOLENT£,red'-6-lent. 503. a. [redolens, Lat.] 
Sweet of scent. Bale. 

To REDOUBLE, re-dub'-bl. v. a. [redoubler, Fr.] 
To repeat in return. Spenser. To repeat often. 
Shak. To increase by addition of the same quan- 
tity over and over. Addison. 

To REDOU'BLE, re-dub'-bl. v. n. To become 
twice as much. Addison. 

REDOU BT, re-ddut'. n. s. [reaou r e. Fr. ; ridotta, 
Ital.] The outwork of a fortification; a fortress. 
Bacon. 

REDOU'BTABLE, re-dfiut'-a-bl. a. [redoubtable, 
Fr.] Formidable ; terrible to foes. Pope. 

REDOU'BTED, re-d6ut'-ed. a. [redoubte 1 , Fr.] 
Dread ; awful ; formidable. Spenser. 

To REDOU'ND, re-d6und'. v.n. [redundo, Lat.] 
To be sent back by reaction. Milton. To conduce 
in the consequence. Addison. To proceed in the 
consequence. Addison. 

TbREDRE'SS^re-dres'. v. a. [redresser, Fr.] To 
set right; to amend. Milton. To relieve; to rem- 
edy ; to ease. Sid?iey. 

REDRE'SS, re-dr£s'. n. s. Reformation; amend- 
ment. Hooker. Relief; remedy. Bacon. One who 
gives relief. Dryden. 

REDRESSER*, re-dres'-sfir. n. s. One who affords 
relief. Shelton. 

REDRE'SSIVE, re-dres'-slv. a. Succouring; afford- 
ing remedy. Tliomson. An unauthorized word. 

REDRE'SSLESS*, re-dres'-les. a. Without amend- 
ment : without relief. Sherwood. 

To REDSEA'R, r^d-seer'. v. n. [red and sear.] A 
term of workmen; if iron be too hot, it will reasear, 
that is, break or crack under the hammer. Moxon. 

RE'DSHANK, r£d'-shangk. n. s. [red and shank.] 
Bare-legged persons. Spenser. A bird. Ains~ 
worth. 

RE'DSTART. r^d'-start. j 

RE'DTAIL, red'-tale. < 

RE'DSTREAK, red'-streke. n. s. An apple. Morti- 
mer. Cider pressed from the redstreak. Smith. 
To REDU'CE§, re-duse'. v. a. [reduco, Lat.] To 
bring back. Shak. To bring to the former state 
Milton. To reform from any disorder. Clarendon. 
To bring into any state of diminution. Boyle. To 
degrade; to impair in dignity. Tillotson. To bring 
into any state of misery or meanness. Arbuthnot. 
To subdue. Milton. To bring into any state more 
within reach or power. To reclaim to order. Mil- 
ton. To subject to a rule ; to bring into a class : 
as, the insects are reduced to tribes ; the variations 
of language are reduced to rules. 
REDU'CEMENT, re-duse'-ment. n. s. The act of 
bringing back, subduing, reforming, or diminish^ 
ing ; reduction. Bacon. 

762 



A bird. 



REE 



REF 



— n6. mflve, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bftll ; — 6il ; — p6und ; — th'm, THis. 



REDU'CER, re-du'-s&r. 98. n. s. One that reduces. 
Sidney. 

REDUCIBLE, re-du'-se-bl. a. Possible to be re- 
duced. South. 

REDU'CIBLENESS, re-du'-se-bl-nes. n. s. Quality 
of being reducible. Boyle. 

To REDU'CT*, re-dukt'. v. a. [reductus, Lai.] To 
reduce. Warde. Ob. T. 

REDU'CT* re-dukt'. n. s. [In building.] A little 
place taken out of a larger, to make it more uni- 
form and regular 5 or for some other convenience. 
Chambers. 

REDUCTION, re-dfik'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act 
of reducing ; state of being reduced. Hale. [In 
arithmetick.] Reduction brings two or more num- 
bers of different denominations into one denomina- 
tion. Cocker. 

REDU CTIVE, re-dnk'-uv. 157. a. [reductif Fr.] 
Having the power of reducing. Brevint. 

REDUCTIVE* re-d&k'-tlv. n. s. That which has 
the power of reducing. Hale. 

REDUCTIV ELY, re-dfik'-tiv-le. ad. By reduction ; 
bv consequence. Hammond. 

RElDU NDANCE, re-d&n'-danse. ) n. s. [redundan- 

REDUNDANCY, re-d&n'-dan-se. \ tia, Lat.] Su- 
perfluitv ; superabundance ; exuberance. Bacon. 

REDUNDANTy, re-diV-dant. a. [redundans,L<i\.] \ 
Superabundant ; exuberant ; superfluous. Milton. 
Using more words or images than are useful. 
Watts. 

REDU'NDANTLY, re-drW-dant-le. ad. Superflu- 
ously ; superabundantly. Dolgarno. 

To REDU'PLIC ATE §, re-du'-ple-kate. v. a. To 
double. Pearson. 

REDUPLICATION, re-du-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. The 
act of doubling. Digby. 

REDUTLICATP7E, re-du'-ple-ka-tiv. 512. a. [re- 
duplicatif, Fr.] Double. Watts. 

RE'DWING, red' -wing. n.s. A bird. Ainsworlh. 

To REE, re. v. a. [a corruption from the Teut. rede.] 
To riddle 5 to sift. Mortimer. 

To REE'CHO, re-ek'-k6. v. n. To echo back. Pope. 

REE'CHY, retsh'-e. a. [from retch, corruptly formed 
from reek.] Smoky ; sooty ; tanned. Shakspeare. 

REED §, reed. 246. n. s. [p.eob, Sax. ; ried. Germ.] 
A hollow, knotted stalk, which grows in wet 
grounds. Miller. A small pipe, made anciently of 
a reed. Milton. An arrow, as made of a reed 
headed. Prior. 

REE DED, reed'-ed. a. Covered with reeds. 

REE'DEN, ree'-dn. a. Consisting of reeds. Dry den. 

REED-GRASS. reed'-gras. n.s. A plant; bur-reed. 

REEDIFICATION*, re-ed-e-fe-ka'-shun. 71. s. [re- 
edification, Fr.] Act of rebuilding 5 state of being re- 
built ; new building. Cotgrave. 

To REE'DIFY, re-ed'-e-f 1. 1-. a. [reedifer, Fr.] To 
rebuild ; to build again. Spenser. 

REE'DLESS, reed'-les. a. Being without reeds. 
May. 

REE'DY, reed y -e. a. Abounding with reeds. Black- 
more. 

REEFy*, reef. n. s. [Dutch.] A certain portion of a 
sail, comprehended between the top and bottom 
and a row of eyelet-holes parallel thereto. Cham- 
bers, [rif, Teut.] A chain of rocks, lying near the 
surface of the water. Wallis. 
To REEF*, reef. v. a. To reduce the surface of a sail. 
Hawkesworth. 

REEKS, reek. 246. n. s. [peac, Sax.] Smoke; 
steam ; vapour. Scott, [reke, Germ.] A pile of com 
or hay. commonly pronounced rick. Dryden. 
To REEK, reek. v.n. [pecan, Sax.] To smoke ; to 

steam ; to emit vapour. Sliakspeare. 
REEKY, reek'-e. a. Smoked ; tanned ; black. Shak. 

REEL $, reel. 246. n. s. [peol, Sax,] A turningframe, 
upon which yarn is wound into skeins from the 
spindle. 
To REEL, reel. v. a. To gather yarn off the spindle. 

Wilkins, 
To REEL §, reel. v. n. [rollen, Dutch • ragla, Swed.] 
To stagger; to incline in walking, first to one side, 
and then to the other. Ps. cvii. 



REEL*, reel. n. s. A kind of dance. Newesfrom Scot 
land. 4'C. 

REELECTION, re-e-l£k'-shun. n.s. Repeated elec- 
tion. Sirif't. 

To REEMBA'TTLE*, re-em-bal'-tl. v. a. To range 
again in battle-array. Milton. 

To REENA'CT, re-en-act', v. a. To enact anew. 
Arbuthnot. 

To REENFO'RCEy, re-en-fe-rse'. v. a. To strength- 
en with new assistance or support. Shakspeare. 

REENFp'RCEMENT, re-en-fbrse'-ment. n. s. 
Fresh assistance ; new help. Sluxkspeare. Iterat- 
ed enforcement. Ward. 

To REENJO'Y^e-en-jde'. v. a. To enjoy anew or a 
second time. Pope. 

To REENK1 NDLE*, re-en-kin'-d!. v. a. To en- 
kindle anew. Bp. Taylor. 

To REE'NTERy, re-en'-tdr. v. a. To enter again ; 
to enter anew. Milton. 

ToREENTHRO'NE, re-en-tfir6ne'. v. a. To replace 
in a throne. Southern. 

REE'NTRANCE, re-en'-transe. n. s. The act of 
entering again. Hooker. 

REE'RMOUSE, reer'-mSiise. n.s. [hpepemu]-, 
Sax.] A bat. See Rearmouse. 

To REESTABLISH §, re-e-stab'-lfsh. v. a. To estab 
iish anew, Locke. 

REESTA'BLISHER, re-e-stab'-llsh-ur. n. s. One 
that establishes. Sir E. Sandijs. 

REESTA'BLISHMENT, re-e-stab'-lfsh-ment. n. s. 
The act of reestablishing ; the state of being re- 
established ; restauration. Addison. 

To REESTA'TE*, re-e-state'. v. a. To reestablish. 
Wallis. 

REEVE, reev. n. s. [xepepa, Sax.] A steward. 
Dryden. Ob. J. 

To R'EEXA'MINE, re-egz-am'-m. v. a. To examine 
anew. Hooker. 

To REFE'CTy, re-f£kt'. v. a. [refectus, Lat.] To re- 
fresh ; to restore after hunger or fatigue. Brown. 
Ob. J. 

REFE'CTION, re-f ek'-shun. n. s. [refection, Fr.] Re- 
freshment after hunger or fatigue. Brown. 

RE'FECTORY, re-f ek'-tfir-e, or ref -£k-t&r-e. 512. 

SFor the 0, see Domestick.] [r&f-e'k-t&r-e, Jones, 
7 ulton Sf Knight, and Todd.] n. s. [refectoire, Fr.] 
Room of refreshment; eating-room. Bp. Taylor. 
OCT Almost all the dictionaries I have consulted, except 
Mr. Sheridan's, place the accent on the second syllable 
of this word ; and yet, so prevalent has the latter ac- 
centuation been of late years, that Mr.Nares is reduced 
to hope it is not fixed beyond recovery. There is, in- 
deed, one reason why this word ought not to have the 
accent on the first syllable, and that is, the two mutes 
in the second and third, which are not so easily pro- 
nounced when the accent is removed from them as the 
mutes and liquids in accessory, consistory, desultory, 
&c. ; and, therefore, I am decidedly in favour of the ac- 
centuation on the second syllable, which is that adopted 
by Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. 
Nares, Buchanan, Perry, Scott, Bailey, Barclay, and En- 
tick, as all words of this termination have the accent 
on the same syllable. — See Refractory. Peremptory, 
Corruptible, and Irrefragable. W. 

To REFE'L, re-fel'. v. a. [refello, Lat.] To refute ; 
to repress. Shakspeare. 

To REFE'R §, re-feV. v. a. [refero, Lat. ; re/erer, Fr.] 
To dismiss for information or judgement. Burnet. 
To betake to for decision. Shak. To reduce to, 
as to the ultimate end. Bacon. To reduce, as to a 
class. Boyle. 

To REFE'R, re-fer'. v. n. To respect ; to have rela- 
tion. Burnet. To appeal. Bacon. 

REFERABLE*, ref-fer-a-bl. a. Capable of being 
considered, as in relation to something else. More. 

REFEREE', ref-er-ee 7 . n.s. One to whom any thing 
is referred. L' Estrange. 

RETERENCE, ref-fer-ense. n. s. Relation ; re- 
spect ; view towards ; allusion to. Hooker. Dismis- 
sion to another tribunal. Swift. 

REFERE'NDARY, ref-er-en'-dar-e. n. s. [referen- 
dus, Lat.] One to whose decision any tiling is re- 
ferred. Bacon, [referendarius, Lat.] An officer 
763 



REF 
















REF 


\rr 559.- 


-Fate 


far, 


fall, 


fat;- 


— me, 


m£t;- 


—pine, 


pin;— 



who delivered the royal answer to petitions. Har- 



-m&nt. 



Reference for 



REFE'RMENT* re-fer 
dec'sion. Abp. Laud. 

To REFERME'NT, re-f er-ment'. v. a. To ferment 
anew. Blackmore. 

REFE'RRIBLE, rc-feV-re-bl. a. Capable of being 
considered, as in relation to something else. Br&um. 

To REFI'ND*, re-flnd'. v. a. To find again ; to ex- 
perience again. Sandys. 

To REFI'NE §, re-f be', v. a. [raffiner, Fr.] To pu- 
rify ; to clear from dross and recrement. Zech. xiii. 
To make elegant; to polish; to make accurate. 
Peacham. 

To REFFNE, re-flne'. v. n. To improve in point of 
accuracy or delicacy. Dnjden. To grow pure. 
Addison. To affect nicety. Atterbury. 

REFI'NEDLY, re-f be'-gd-le. 364. ad. With affected 
elegance. Dry den. 

REFI'NEDNESS*, re-flne'-gd-n^s. n. s. State of be- 
ing purified. Feltlutm. Affected purity. Barrow. 

REFINEMENT, re-flne'-mem. n. s. The act of pu- 
rifying, by clearing any thing from dross and recre- 
mentitious matter. The slate of being pure. Nor- 
ris. Improvement in elegance or purity. Swift. 
Artificial practice. Rogers. Affectation of elegant 
improvement. Addison. 

REFI'NER, re-fl'-nur. n. s. Purifier ; one who clears 
from dross cr recrement. Bacon. Improver in ele- 
gance. Swift. Inventor of superfluous subtilties. 
Addison.. 

To REFI'T, re-f It', v. a. [refait, Fr. ; re and ft.] To 
repair ; to restore after damage. Woodward. 

7toREFLE'CT$, re-flgkt'. v. a. [reflecto, Lat.] To 
throw back ; to cast back. Sandys. 

To REFLE'CT, re-fl^kt'. v.n. To throw back light. 
SlwJc. To bend back. Bentley. To throw back 
the thoughts upon the past or on themselves. Bp. 
Taylor. To consider attentively. Prior. To 
throw reproach or censure. Swift. To bring re- 
proach. Dry den. 

REFLE'CTENT, re-fleV-tgnt. a. \_reflectens, Lat.] 
Bending back ; flying back. Digby. 

REFLECTION, re-flek'-shun. n. s. The act of 
throwing back. Shale. The act of bending back. 
Bentley. That which is reflected. SIuxlc. Thought 
thrown back upon the past, or the absent, or on it- 
self. Denham. The action of the mind upon itself. 
Locke. Attentive consideration. South. Censure. 
Prior. 

REFLE'CTrVE, re-fl£k'-uV. a. Throwing back im- 
ages. Dryden. Considering things past ; consider- 
ing the operations of the mind. Prior. 

REFLE'CTOR, re-flgk'-tur. n. s. Considerer. Boyle. 
That which reflects ; a reflecting telescope. 

REFLE'X, re'-fleks. a. [refexus, Lat.] Directed 
backward. Hale. 

REFLE'X, re-fleks'. n. s. Reflection. Hooker. 

To REFLE'X*, re-fl§ks'. v. a. To reflect. Shale. 
To bend back ; to turn back. Gregory. Ob. T. 

REFLEXIBI'LITY,re-fleks-e-b?l'-e-te. n. s. The 

Suality of being reflexible. Newton. 
FLE'XIBLE, re-fl£ks'-e-bl. a. Capable to be 

thrown back. Cheyne. 
REFLE'XIVE, re-fleks'-lv. a. Having respect to 

something past. Hammond. Having a tendency 

to reproach or censure. South. 
REFLE'XIVELY, re-flgks'-iv-le. ad. In a backward 

direction. Gov. of the Tongue. With a tendency 

to censure or reproach. South. 
REFLOA'T. re-fi6te'. n. s. Ebb ; reflux: Bacon. 
To REFLOU'RISH, re-flur'-rlsh. v. n. To flourish 

anew. Milton. 
ToREFLO'W^, re-fl6'. v. n. [refuo, Lat.] To flow 

back. W. Browne. 
RE'FLUENCY*, ref-flu-en-se. n.s. Quality or stale 

of flowing back. W. Mountague. 
RE'FLUENT, ref-flu-ent. 518. a. [reflums, Lat.J 

Running back ; flowing back. Arbuthnot. 
REFLU'X, re'-fluks.n.s. [refux, , Fr. ; refiuxus, Lat.] 

Backward course of water. Milton. 
To REFO'CILLATE^*, re-f&s'-su-late. v. a. [refo- 



ciller, Fr. ; refocillo, Lat.] To strengthen by re- 
freshment. Aubrey. 
REFOCILLA'TION, re-f&s-sll-la'-sh&n. n. s. Res- 

toration of strength by refreshment. Middleion. 
To REFOME'NT*, re-fo-ment'. v. a. [re and/omen*.] 

To cherish or warm again. Cotgrave. 
To REFO'RM§, re-f'6rm'. v. a. [reformo, Lat. ; re- 
former, Fr.] To form again : the primary mean- 
ing. Gower. To change from worse to better. 
Hooker. 
To REFORM, re-f6rm'. v. n. To pass by change 

from worse to better. 
REFO'RM, re-f6rm'. n. s. [Fr.] Reformation. 

Burke. 
REFORMA'DO*, reT-6r-ma'-d6. n.s. [Span.] A 
monk adhering to the reformation of his order. 
Weever. An officer retained in a regiment, when 
his company is disbanded. B. Jonson. 
To REFORMALIZE*, re-for'-mal-lze. v. n. [re 
and formalize.] To affect reformation ; to pretend 
correctness. Loe. 
REFORMATION, rgf-f 5r-ma'-shun. 531. n.s. [Fr.] 
Act of forming anew ; renovation ; regeneration. 
Pearson. Change from worse to better : common- 
ly used of human manners. Addison. By way of 
eminence : the change of religion from the Corrup- 
tions of popery to its primitive state. Atterbury. 
REFORMER, re-f&rm'-ur. n. s. One who makes a 
change for the better ; an amender. King Charles. 
One of those who changed religion from popish 
corruptions and innovations. Bacon. t 

REFO RMIST*, re-for'-m?st. n. s. One who is of 
the reformed churches. Howell. In recent times, 
one who proposes political reforms. 
REFO'SSION*, re-f6sh'-un. n. s. [refossus, Lat.] 

Act of digging up. Bp. Hall. 
To REFOtJ'ND*, re-f 6und'. v. a. [re and found.] 

To cast anew. Warton. 
ToREFRA'CT^re-frakt'. v. a. [refractus, Lat.] To 

break the natural course of rays. Cheyne. 
REFRA'CTION, re-frak'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The in- 
curvation or change of determination in the body 
moved, which happens to it whilst it enters or pene- 
trates any medium : in dioptricks, it is the varia- 
tion of a ray of light from that right line, which it 
would have passed on in, had not the density of the 
medium turned it aside. Harris. 
REFRA'CTIVE. re-frak'-tlv. a. Having the power 

of refraction. Neivton. 
REFRA'CTORINESS, re-frak'-t&r-e-n&s. n. s. Sul- 
len obstinacy. Kinc Charles. 
RE'FRACTORY^re-frak'-tfir-e. a. [refractaire, 
Fr. ; refractarius, Lat.] Obstinate ; perverse ; con- 
tumacious. Shakspeare. 
££*= All our orthoepists, except Bailey and Dychc, [and 
«Todd] place the accent on the second syllable of this 
word ; and we need but attend to the difficulty and in- 
distinctness which arises from placing the accent on the- 
first syllable, to condemn it. The mutes c hard and t are 
formed by parts of the organs so distinct from each other, 
that, without the help of the accent to strengthen the or- 
gans, they are not very readily pronounced— to say no- 
thing of the difficulty of pronouncing the substantive re- 
fractoriness and the adverb refractorily, with the accent 
on the first syllable, which must necessarily be the case 
if we accent the first syllable of this word.— See Cos. 
kuptible. W. 
RE'FRACTORY*, re-frak'-tur-e. n. s. An obstinate 
person. Bp. Hall. Obstinate opposition. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 
RE'FRA GABLE, ref'-fra-ga-bl. a. [refragabilis, 

Lat.] Capable of confutation and conviction. 
$2r In this word there is not the same concurrence of 
consonants as in the last, and, consequently, not the. 
same reason for placing the accent on the second sylla- 
ble. — See Irrefragable. W. 
ToREFRA'INS, re-frane'. v. a. [refrener, Fr. ; re 
and frcenum, Lat.] To hold back; to keep from 
action. Psalm lxxxiii. 
To REFRA'IN, re-frane'. v. n. To forbear ; to ab- 
stain; to spare. Hooker. 
REFIRA'IN*, re-frane'. n. s. [refrain, Fr.] The bur- 
764 



REF 



REG 



— no, move, ndr, not 5— tube, tiib, bill ;— 6il ;— pound; — thin, tki"s. 



den of a song-, or piece of musick ; a kind of mu- 
sical repetition. Mason. 
To REFRA'ME*, re-frame', v. a. To put together 

again. Hakewill. 
REFRANGIBI LITY, re-f.an-j e -b?l'-e-te. n.s. Re- 
fnuigibility of the rays of light is their disposition 
to be refracted or turned out' of their way, in pass- 
ing out of one transparent body or medium into 
another. Newton. 

REFR A'NGIBLE$, re-frdn'-jo-bl.a. [re and frango, 

Lat.] Capable of being refracted. Locke. 
REFRENA'TION. nM-fre-na -shun, n. s. [Fr. 5 re 

and froeno, Lat.] The act of restraining. 
To REFRESH §, re-fresh', v. a. [refraischir, Fr.] 
To recreate ; to relieve after pain, fatigue, or 
want. Sliak. To improve by new touches any- 
thing impaired. Dryden. To refrigerate ; to cool. 
Ecclus. xliii. 

REFRE SH*, refresh', n. s. Act of refreshing. 
Darnel. Ob. T. 

REFRE'SHER, re-fr&h'-fir. 98. n. s. That which 
refreshes. Thomson. 

REFRE SUING*, re-fresh'-fng. n. s. Relief after 
nain. fatigue, or want. Milton. 

REFRE SHMENT, re-frcW-ment. n.s. Relief after 
pain, want, or fatigue. That which gives relief, as 
food. rest. South. 

REFRE T, re-fret', n. s. The burden of a song. 
Diet. 

REFRIGERANT, re-frid'-jer-ant. a. [Fr.] Cooling ; 
mitigating heat. Bacon. 

REFRIGERANT*, re-frid'-jer-ant. n. s. A cooling 
medicine. Wiseman. 

To REFRI'GERATE£, re-frld'-jer-ate. 91. v. a. 
[refrigero, Lat.] To cool. Bacon. 

REFRIGERATION, re-frid-jeV-a'-sh&n. n.s. \re- 
frigeratio, Lat.] The act of cooling ; the state of 
"being cooled. Bacon. 

REFRTGERATIVE, re-frld'-jeV-a-tiv. 512. 1 

REFRI'GERATORY^e-ftfd'-jeV-a-tur-e.Sl^sn. j 
a. [refrigeratif, Fr. ; refrigeratorius , Lat.] Cool- 
ing ; having the power to cool. Ferrand. 

REFRIGERATORY, re-frld'-jer-a-tfir-e. [See Do- 
mestick.] n.s. That part of a distilling vessel that 
is placed about the head of a still, and filled with 
water to cool the condensing vapours. Quincy. 
Anv thing internally cooling. Mortimer. 

REFRIGE'RIUM, ref-re-je'-re-fim. n.s. [Lat.] 
Cool refreshment ; refrigeration. South. 

REFT, r^ft. part. fret, of reave. Deprived ; taken 
away. Ascham. preterit of reave. Took away. 
Srjenser. Ob. J. 

REFT*, reft. n. s. A chink. See Rift. 

REFUGES, ref-fudje. n.s. [Fr. ; refugium, Lat.] 
Shelter from any danger or distress ; protection. 
Milton. That which gives shelter or protection. 
Ps. ix. Expedient in distress. Shakspeare. Expe- 
dient in general. Wotton. 

To REFUGE, ref-fudie. v. a. [refugier, Fr.] To 
shelter ; to protect. Shakspeare. 

To RE'FUGE*, ref-tfidje. v : n. To take refuge. 
Sir J. Finett. 

REFUGEE', ref-fu-jee'./i.s. [refugii, Fr.] One who 
flies to shelter or protection. Dryden. 

REFULGENCE, re-ful'-jende. ) n. s. Splen- 

REFU'LGENCY*, re-ful'-jgn-se. $ dour 5 bright- 
ness. Knaichbull. 

REFULGENT*, re-ffil'-je*nt. 177. a. [refulgent, old 
Fr. ; refulgens, Lat.] Bright ; shining ; glittering ; 
splendid. Waller. 

REFU'LGENTLY, re-f&l'-jent-le. ad. In a shining 
manner. 

To REFU'ND, re-f6nd'. v. n. [re/undo, Lat.] To 
pour back. Ray. To repay what is received 5 to 
restore. Sotdh." 

REFUTABLE*, re-ftV-za-bl. a. That may be refus- 
ed ; fit to be refused. Young. 

REFUSAL, re-ftV-zal. 88. n. s. The act of refusing ; 
denial of any thing demanded or solicited. Rogers. 
The preemption ; the right of having any thing be- 
fore another ; option. Swift. 

To REFU'SE$, re-fuze'. 492. v. a. [refuser, Fr.] To 



deny what is solicited or required. Hammond. To 
reject: to dismiss without a grant. Sluikspeare. 

To REFU'SE, re-fuze', v. n. Not to accept ; not to 
comply. Garth. 

RE'FUSE, reT-use. a. Unworthy of reception; left 
when the rest is taken. 1 Sam. xv. 

RE'FUSE, reV-use. 437, 492. n.s. [refits, Fr.] That 
which remains disregarded when the rest is taken. 
Bacon. Refusal ; with the accent on the last syl 
lable. Fairfax. 

£5= I have given the sharp and hissing sound to the 5 
in this word, according to the analogy of substantives 
of this form which have a corresponding verb, and im- 
agine I have the best usage on my side, though none of 
our orthoepists, except Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and W. 
Johnston, have made this distinction. TV. 

REFU'SER, re-ftY-zor. 98. n. s. One who refuses. 
Bp. Taylor. 

REFU'T ABLE*, re-f u'-ta-bl. a. That may be proved 
false or erroneous. 

REFU'TAL, re-fiY-tal. 88. n. s. Refutation. Dirt. 

REFUTATION, reY-fu-ta'-sh5n. n. s. [refutatio, 
Lat.] The act of refuting; the act of proving false 
or erroneous. Bentley. 

To REFUTES, re-fute'. v. a. [refuto, Lat.; refuter, 
Fr.] To prove false or erroneous. Milton. 

REFUTER* re-fu'-tur. n. s. One who refutes. Bp. 
Hall, 

To REGA'IN, re-gune'. v. a. [regagner, Fr.] To re 
cover ; to gain anew. Milton. 

RE'GALS, re'-gal. a. [Fr.; regalis, Lat.] Royal; 
kingly. Shakspeare. 

RE'GAL, re'-gal. n. s. [regale, Fr.] A musical in- 
strument. Bacon. 

REGA'LE,rb-gk\e'. n.s. [Lat.] The prerogative 
of monarchy. 

To REGA'LES, re-gale', v. a. [regaler, Fr.] To re- 
fresh ; to entertain ; to gratify. Phillips. 

ToREGA'LE* re-gale', v. n. To feast; to fare 
sumptuously. Shenstone. 

REGA'LE, re-gale', n, s. An entertainment; a 
treat. 

REGA'LEMENT, re-gale'-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Re- 
freshment; entertainment. Phillips. 

REGALIA, re-ga'-le-l 92, 113. n.s. [Lat] En- 
signs of royalty. Young. 

REGALITY, re-gal'-£-te. n. s. [regalis, Lat.] Roy- 
alty; sovereignty; kingship. Spenser. An ensign 
or token of royalty. Sir T. Elyot. 

RE'GALLY*, "re'-gal-le. ad. In a regal manner. 
Milton. 

To REGA'RD §,re-gard'. 92,160. v.a. [regarder, Fr.] 
To value ; to attend to as worthy of notice. Shak. 
To observe ; to remark. Shak. To mind as an ob- 
ject of grief or terrour. 2 Mace, vii, Toobserve re- 
ligiously. Rom. xiv. To pay attention to. Prov- 
erbs. To respect; to have relation to. To look 
towards. Saridzjs. 

REGA'RD, re-gard'. [See Guard.] n.s. [FrJ Atten- 
tion as to a matter of importance. Spenser. Respect; 
reverence; attention. Acts, viii. Note; eminence. 
Spenser. Respect ; account. Hooker. Relation ; 
reference. Milton. Look; aspect directed to an- 
other. Milton. Prospect; object of sight. Shak. 
Matter demanding notice. Spenser. 

REGA'RDABLE, re-gard'-a-bl. a. Observable. 
Brown, Worthy of notice. Carew. Ob. J. 

REG A'RDER, re-gird'- fir. 98. n. s. One that regards. 
Judg. ix. An . officer of the king's forest, whose 
business was to view and inquire into matters re- 
specting it. Howell. 

REGA'RDFUL, re-gard'-fiil. a. Attentive; taking 
notice of. Hayward. 

REGA'RDFULLY, re-gard'-ful-e. ad. Attentively; 
heedftilly. Respectfully. Shakspeare. 

REGA'RDLESS, re-gard'-les. a. Heedless ; negli- 
gent; inattentive. Spenser. Not regarded; slight- 
ed. Spectator. 
REGA'RDLESSLY, re-gard'-lSs-le. ad. Without 

heed. Sir M. Sandys. 
REGA'RDLESSNESS, re-gird'-leVngs. n. s. Heed 
lessness; negligence; inattention. W hillock. 
765 



REG 



REG 



03= 559.— File, fir, fall, fat J— me, met 5— pine, pin ; 



REGA'TTA*, re-gat'-ta. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of 

boat-race. Drumniond. 
RE'GENCY, re'-jli se. n. s. Authority; govern- 
ment. Hooker. Vicarious government. Temple. 
The district governed by a vicegerent. Milton. 
Those collectively to whom vicarious regality is 
intrusted : as, The regency transacted affairs in the 
king's absence. Lowth. 
DEGENERACY*, re-jen'-e>a-se. n. s. State of 

being regenerate. Hammond. 
To REGENERATES, re-jen'-er-ate. v. a. [regen- 
ero, Lat.] To reproduce; to produce anew. Davies. 
To make to be born anew ; to renew by change 
of carnal nature to a Christian life. Addison. 
REGENERATE, re-jen'-er-at. 91. a. [regeneratus, 
Lat.] Reproduced. Shak. Bora anew by grace 
to a Christian life. Milton. 
REGENERATENESS, re-jen'-er-at-nes. n. s. The 

state of being regenerate. 
REGENERATION, re-jen-er-a'-sh5n. n. s. [Fr.] 
New birth ; birth by grace from carnal affections 
to a Christian life. Tit. iii. 
RE'GENT §, re'-jgnt. a. [Fr. ; regens, Lat.] Govern- 
ing; ruling. Hale. Exeicising vicarious authority. 
Milton. 
RE'GENT, re'-jent. n. s. Governour ; ruler. Milton. 
One invested with vicarious royalty. Shak. One 
of a certain standing, who taught in our universities ; 
the word formerly in use for a professor ; retained 
in the present academical designation of doctors of 
•every faculty, and masters of arts, whether as 
necessary' regents, regents ad placitum, or non-re- 
gents. 
RE'GENTESS*, re'-jent-es. n. s. [regente, Fr.] Pro- 
tectress of a kingdom. Cotgrave. 
RE'GENTSHIP>e'-jent-sh?p. n. s. Power of gov- 
erning. Deputed authority. Shakspeare. 
REGERMINATION,re-j&-me-na'-shun. n.s. [re 
and germination.] The act of sprouting again. 
Gregory. 
REGE'ST*, re-jSst'. n. s. [registum, Lat.] A regis- 
ter. Milton. 
RE'GIBLE, rea'-je-bl. 405. a. Governable. 
RE'GICIDE, ^'-je-slde. 143. n. s. [regicida, Lat.] 
Murderer of his king. Dnjden. Murder of his 
king. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
REGIMEN, red'-je-men. n.s. [Lat.] That care in 
•diet and living, that is suitable to every particular 
course of medicine, or stale of body. Swift. 
BE'GIMENT §, r£d'-je-ment. n. s. [regiment, old Fr.] 
Established government; polity; mode of rule. 
Hooker. Rule; authority. Hale. A body of sol- 
diers under one colonel. Shakspeare. 
REGIMENTAL, red-je-ment'-al. a. Belonging to a 

regiment ; military. Langton. 
REGIMENTALS*", red-je-ment'-als. n.s. pi. The 
uniform dress of a regiment of soldiers. Goldsmith. 
REGION, re'-jfin. 290. n. s. [Fr. ; regio, Lat.l Tract 
of land; country; tract of space. Shak. Part of 
the body. Shak. Place ; rank. Shakspeare. 
RE'GISTER^, red'-j?s-lur. 98. n.s. [registre, Fr.; 
registrnm, Lat. ; a corruption of regeslmn.] An ac 
count of any thing regularly kept. Spenser, [regis- 
trarius, law Lat.] The officer whose business is to 
write and keep the register. Abp. Laud. [In chym- 
istry.] A .sliding plate of iron, which, in small 
chimneys, regulates ihe heat of the fire : hence the 
modern term, a register stove. B. Jonson. A slid 
ing piece of wood, called a stop, in an organ, per- 
forated w'tl \ number of holes answerable to those 
in a sound Doard; which being drawn one way 
stops them, and the other opens them, for the re- 
admission of wind into the pipes. Mason. One of 
the inner parts of the mould wherein printing types 
are cast ; and also the disposing of the forms of the 
press, so as that the lines and pages printed on one 
side the sheet meet exactly against those on the 
other. Chambers. 
ToRE'GISTER, rgd'-j?s-tur. v. a. [registrer, Fr.] 
To record ; to preserve from oblivion by authen- 
tick accounts. Addison. To enrol ; to set down in 
a list. Milton. 



RE'GISTERSHIP*, r§d'-jis-t&r-ship. n. s. The oi 
fice of register. Abp. Laud. 

REGISTRAR*, r§d'-j?s-trar. }n. s. \retristra- 

RE'GISTRARY*, red'-j?s-trar-e. \ rins, law Lat.] 
An officer whose business is to write and keep the 
register. Warton. 

REGISTRATION*, rgd-j?s-tra'-shun. n. s. Act of 
inserting in the register. Siackhouse. 

RE'GISTRY, redM?s-tre. n. s. The act of inserting 
in the register. Graunt. The place wl-ere the 
register is kept. A series of facts recordeo. Temple. 

REGLEMENT, reg'-gl-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Regula- 
tion. Bacon. Ob. J. 

RE'GLET, reg'-let. n. s. [reglette, from regie, Fr.] 
Ledge of wood exactly planed, by which printers 



separate their lines in pages widely printed. 

RE'GNANT, reg'-nant. a. [Fr.] Reigning ; 1 
regal authority. Wotton. Predominant; preva- 
lent ; having power. Waller. 

To REGO'RGE, re-gSrje'. era. [re and gorge] To 
vomit up; to throwback. Hayward. To swallow 
eagerly. Milton, [regorger, Fr.] To swallow back. 
Dnjden. 

To REGRA'DE*, re-grade', v. n. [regredior, Lat.; 
re and grudusA To retire. Dr. Hales. 

To REGRA'FT, re-graft', v. a. [regreffer, Fr.] To 
graft again. Bacon. 

To REGRANT, re-grant', v. a. To grant back. 
Aylifte. 

To REGRA'TE §, re-grate', v. a. To offend ; to 
shock. Derham. {regrater, Fr.] To engross; to 
forestall. Spenser. 

REGRA'TER, re-grate'-fir. 98. n. s. [regraleur, Fr.] 
Forestaller; engrosser; originally, a seller byre- 
tail; a huckster. Taller. 

To REGREE'T, re-greet', v. a. To resalute ; to 
greet a second time. Shakspeare. 

REGREE'T, re-greet', n. s. Return or exchange of 
salutation. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

RE'GRESS, re'-gr£s. n. s. \regrh, Fr. ; regressus, 
Lat.] Passage back; power of passing back. Bur- 
net. 

To REGRE'SS, re-gres'. v. n. To go back; to re- 
turn ; to pass back to a former state or place. 

REGRESSION, re-gresh'-fin. n. 5. The act of re- 
turning or going back. 

REGRE'Tf, re-gret'. n.s. [regret, Fr.; regretto, 
Ital. ; greitan, Goth.] Vexation at something past ; 
bitterness of reflection. Soidli. Grief; sorrow. 
Clarendon. Dislike ; aversion. Decay of Chr. 

To REGRE'T, re-gret'. v. a. [regretler, Fr.] To re- 
pent; to grieve at. Boyle. To be uneasy at. 
Glanville. 

REGRE'TFUL*, re-gret'-fuL a. Full of regret. Fern- 
sliawe. 

REGRE'TFULLY*,re-grel'-ful-le. ad. With regret. 
Greenhill. 

REGUE'RDON, re-ger'-dfin. [See Guerdon.] n. s. 
[re and guerdon.] Reward ; recompense. Shak- 
speare. Ob. J. 

To REGUE'RDON, re-ger'-dun. v. a. To reward. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

RE'GULAR§, reg'-u-Jar. 179. a. [regulier, Fr.; reg- 
ularis, Lat.] Agreeable to rule ; consistent with the 
mode prescribed. Guardian. Governed by strict 
regulations. Pope. [In geometry.] Regular body 
is a solid, whose surface is composed of regular 
and equal figures, and whose solid angles are all 
equal. BenUey. Instituted or initiated according 
to established forms or discipline : as, a regular 
doctor ; regular troops. Methodical ; orderly. Law- 

RE'GULAR, reg'-u-lar. n. s. \tregulier, Fr.J In the 
Romish church all persons are regulars, that pro. 
fess and follow a certain rule of life, and likewise 
observe the three approved vows of poverty, chas- 
tity, and obedience. Ayliffe. 

REGULA'RITY, reg-6. lar'-e-te. n. s. [reguhxrite, 
Fr.] Agreeableness to rule. Method; certain or- 
der. Grew. 
REGULARLY, reg'-ij-lar-le. ad. In a manner con 
cordant to rule ; exactly. Dryden. 
766 



REI 



REK 



-n6, mdve, n6r, n&t; — tube, t&b, bull; — 611 j — p66nd; — th\n, THis. 



To REGULATE $, reg'-u-late. v. a. [regula, Lat.] 

To adjust by rule or method. Locke. To direct. 
Wiseman. 
REGULATION, reg-u-la'-shfin. n. s. The act of 

regulating. Ran. Method; the cflect of being 

regulated. Blaclcstone. 
REGULATOR, reg'-u-la-tfir. 521. n. s. One that 

regulates. Grew. That part of a machine which 

makes the motion equable. 
RE'GULUS, reg'-u-lus. n.s. [Lat.; regule, Fr.] 

The finer and most weighty part of metals, which 

settles at the bottom upon melting. Quincy. 
To REGURGITATE §, re-giV-je-tate. v. a. [re 

and gurges, Lat.] To throw back; to pour back. 

Graunl. 
To REGU'RGITATE, re-gfir'-je-tate. t>. n. To be 

Eoured back. Harvey. 
GURGITATION, re-g&r-je-ta'-shfin. n. s. Re- 
sorption ; the act of swallowing back. Sharp. 
To REHABILITATES*. re-M-bll'-e-tate. i. a. 

fre and habilitate ; rehabiliter, Fr.] To restore a de- 
inquent to former rank, privilege, or right ; to quali- 
ty again : a term both of the civil and canon law. 
Chambers. 
REHABILITATION*, re-ha-bll-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. 
Act of restoring to a right or privilege which had 
been forfeited. Stuart. 
To REHE A'R $, re-here'. t>. a. To hear again : prin- 
cipally a law expression. Chambers. 
REHEA'RING*, re-here'-ing. n. s. [from rehear.] 

A second hearing. Addison. 
REHEA RSAL, re-her'-sal. 442. n. s. Repetition ; 
recital. Hooker. The recital of any thing previous 
to publick exhibition. Dryden. 
ToREHEA'RSES, re-heW. v. a. To repeat; to 
recite. Ecclus. xix. To relate; to tell. Dryden. 
To recite previously to publick exhibition. Dry- 
den. 
REHEA'RSER*, re-herse'-ur. n. s. One who re- 
cites. Johnson. 
REI'GLE, re'-gl. n. s. [reigle, Fr. ; from regula, Lat.] 

A hollow cut to guide any thing. Carew. 
To REIGN §, rane. 249. v. n. [regno, Lat. ; regner, 
Fr.] To enjoy or exercise sovereign authority. 
Sidney. To be predominant; to prevail. Bacon. 
To obtain power or dominion. Rom. v. 
REIGN, rane. 385. n. s. [regne, Fr. ; regnum, Lat.] 
Royal authority ; sovereignty. Pope. Time of a 
king's government. Bramston. Kingdom ; do 
minions. Prior. Power; influence. Chapman. 
REFGNER*, ra'-nfir. n. s. Ruler. Sherwood. 
To REIMBO'DY, re-im-b&d'-e. v. n. To imbody 

again. Boyle. 
To REIMBU'RSE, re-?m-burse'. v. a. [rembourser, 
Fr.] To repay ; to repair loss or expense by an 
equivalent. Swift. 
REIMBURSEMENT, re-lm-burse'-ment. n. s. Rep- 
aration or repayment. Ayliffe. 
REIMBU'RSER*, re-Im-bfir'-sur. n. s. One who 

repays, or makes reparation. Shenvood. 
To REIMPORTU'NE*, re-hn-por-tune'. v. a. To 

importune or entreat again. Cotgrave. 
To REIMPLA'NT*, re-lm-plant'. v. a. To plant or 

graft again. Bp. Taylor. 
To REIMPRE'GNATE, re-lm-preg'-nate. v. a. To 

impregnate anew. Brown. 
REIMPRE'SSION, re-fm-presh'-an. n. s. A second 

or repeated impression. Clem. Spelman. 
To REIMPRI'NT*, re-im-prmt'. v. a. To imprint 

again. Spelman. 
REIN §, rane. 249. n. s. [rein, Fr.] The part of the 
bridle, which extends from the horse's head to the 
driver's or rider's hand. Slmk. Used as an instru- 
ment of government, or for government. Slutk. 
-To give the reins. To give license. Milton. 
To REIN, rane. v. a. To govern by a bridle, Clmp- 

man. To restrain ; to control. Sliakspeare. 
To RE1NGRATIATE*, re-m-gra'-she-ate. v. a. 
To ingratiate again ; to recommend to favour 
again. Sir T. Herbert. 
2'oltEINHA'BIT*, re-in-habMt. v. a. To inhabit 
again. Mede. 



REl'NLESS*,rane / -le , s.a. Without rein; unchecked 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

REINS, ranz. n. s. [renes, Lat. ; reins, Fr.] The) 
kidneys; the lower part of the back. Job, xix. 

To REINSE'RT, re-m-sert'.u. a. To insert a second 
time. 

To REINSPFRE, re-ln spire', v. a. To inspire anew, 
Milton. 

To REINSTA'L, re-?n-stall'. 406. v. a. [re and in\ 
stal.] To seat again. Milton. To put again hj 
possession. Shakspeare. 

To REINSTATE, re-ln-state'. v. a. [re and instate.'] 
To put again in possession. Gov. oftlie Tongue. 

To REINTEGRATE, re-in'-te-grate. v. a. [rein- 
tegrer, Fr. ; re and integer, Lat.] To renew with 
regard to any state or quality; to repair; to re- 
store. Bacon. 

To REINTHRO'NE*, re-m-tfirine'. v. a. To place 
again upon the throne. Sir T. Herbert. 

To REINTHRO'NIZE*, re-fo-tfiri'-nfce. v. a. To 
reinthrone. Howell. 

To REINTE'RROGATE*, re-ln-ter'-ri-gate. v. t. 
To question repeatedly. Cotgrave. 

To REINVEST, re-m-vest'. v. a. To invest ane*. 
Donne. 

REIT, rete. n. s. Sedge or sea-wjed. Bp, Rich- 
ardson. 

REITER*, rl'-tfir. n. s. [reiter, Germ.] A rider ; a 
trooper. See Rutter. 

To REITERATE S, re-lt'-ter-ate. v. a. [reanditera, 
Lat. ; reiterer, Fr.J To repeat again and again. 
Shakspeare. 

REITERATION, re-lt-ter-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Rep- 
etition. Boyle. 

To REJE'CT §, re-jekt'. v. a. [rejecter, Fr.; rejicia, 
rejectus, Lat.] To dismiss without compliance with 
proposal or acceptance of offer. Knolles. To cast 
off; to make an abject. 1 Sam. xv. To refuse ; 
not to accept. Hos. iv. To throw aside as use- 
less or evil. Beattie. 

REJE'CTABLE*, re-jek'-ta-bl. a. That may be re- 
jected. Cotgrave. 

REJECTA'NEOUS*, re-jek-ta'-ne-fis. a. [rejecta- 
neus, LatJ Not chosen ; rejected. More. 

REJE'CT ER*, re-jek'-tur. n. s. One who rejects; a 

REJE'CTION, re-jek'-shfin. n. s. [rejtctio, Lat.] 

The act of casting off or throwing aside. Bacon. 
ToREJOI'CE§, rt-jdese'. 299. v.n. [rejouir, Fr.] 

To be glad; to joy ; to exult. Zeph. 11. 
To REJOFCE, re-j6ese'. v. a. To exhilarate; to 

gladden; to make joyful; to glad. Stow. 
REJOFCE*, r'e-j6ese'. n. s. Act of rejoicing. Brown. 

Ob. T. 
REJOFCER, re-jSe'-sur. 98. n.s. One that rejoices. 

Bp. Taylor. 
REJOI'CING*, re-j6e'-sfng. n. s. Expression of joy ; 

subject .of joy. Psalm cxix. 
REJOFCINGLY*, re-ide'-sing-le. ad. With joy; 

with exultation. Sheldon. 
ToREJOFNS, re-join'. 299. v. a. [rejoindre, Fr.] 

To join again. Brown. To meet one again. Pope. 
To REJOFN, re-j6W. y. n. To answer Jo an answer. 

Dryden. 
REJOFNDER, re-jS?n'-dfir. 98. n. s. Reply to an 

answer. Glanville. Reply ; answer. Shakspeare. 
To REJOFNDER*, re-jdln'-d&r. v. n. To make a 

reply. Hammond. 
To REJOI'NT*, re-jolnt'. v. a. To reunite the joints. 

Barrow. 
REJO'LT, re-j6lt'. n.s. [rejailir, Fr.] Shock; suc- 
cession. South. 
To REJOU'RN*, re-jurn'. v. a. [readjourner, Fr.] 

To adjourn to another hearing or inquiry. Burton. 
To REJU'DGE, re-j&dje'. v. a. Tore-examine; tc 

review ; to recall to a new trial. Pope. 
REJUVENESCENCE*, re-ju-ve-iies'-sense. ) 
REJUVENE'SCENCY*, re-jA-ve-nes'-sen-se. $ 

[re and juvenescens, Lat.] State of being young 

again. Smith. 
To REKI'NDLE, re-kln'-di. v. a. To set on firo 

again. Cheyne. 

767 



REL 



REL 



B7 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



To RELA'PSE $, re-lapse'. «. «. [relapsus, Lat.] To 
slip back j to slide or fall back. To fall back into 
vice or errour. Bp. Taylor. To fall back from 
a state of recovery to sickness. Wiseman. 
RELA'PSE, re-lapse', n. s. Fall into vice or errour 
once forsaken. Milton. Regression from a state 
of recovery to sickness. Spenser. Return to any 
state. Sliak. A person fallen into an errour once 
forsaken. Fox's Acts. 
RELA'PSER*, re-lap'-sfir. n. s. One who falls into 

vice or errour once forsaken. Bp. Hall. 
To RELATES, re-late', v. a. [relatus, Lat] To 
tell ; to recite. Shak. To vent by words. Bacon. 
To ally by kindred. Pope. To bring back ; to 
restore : a Latinism. Spenser. 
To RELA'TE, re-late', v. n. To have reference ; to 

have respect ; to have relation. South. 
RELATER, re-la'-iur. 98. n. s. [relateur, Fr.] Tel- 
ler; narrator; historian. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
RELATION, re-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr.l Manner of be- 
longing to any person or thing. Waller. Respect ; 
reference ; regard. Dry den. Connexion between 
one thing and another. Beattie. Kindred; alliance 
of kin. Milton. Person related by birth or mar- 
riage; kinsman; kinswoman. Swift. Narrative; 
tale ; account ; narration ; recital of facts. Burnet. 
RELATIONSHIP*, re-la'-shun-ship. n. s. The state 
of being related to another either by kindred, or 
any artificial alliance. Mason. 
RE'LATIVE, rel'4-tiv. 158. a. [relativm, Lat. 5 rela- 
lif, Fr.] Having relation ; respecting. Locke. 
Considered not absolutely, but as belonging to, or 
respecting something else. Holydaij. Particular ; 
positive ; close in connexion. Shakspeare. 
RE'LATIVE, rel'-a-tiv. n. s. Relation ; kinsman. Bp. 
Taylor. Pronoun answering to an antecedent. 
Ascham. Somewhat respecting something 1 else. 

RELATIVELY, rel'-a-t?v-le. ad. As it respects 
something else ; not absolutely. More. 

RE'LATIVENESS, r&'-a-tiv-nes. n. s. The state 
of having relation. 

To RELA'X §, re-laks'. v. a. {relaxo, Lat.] To 
slacken ; to make less tense. Bacon. To remit ; 
to. make less severe or rigorous. Swift. To make 
less attentive or laborious. Vanity of Hum. Wislies. 
To ease ; to divert : as, Conversation ralaxes the 
student. To open ; to loose. Milton. 

To RELA'X, re-laks'. v. n. To be mild; to be re- 
miss ; to be not rigorous. Prior. 

RELA'X*, re-laks'. n. s. Relaxation. Feltham. 

RELA'XABLE*, re-laks'-a-bl. a. That may be re- 
mitted. Barrow. 

RELAXATION, r^l-aks-a'-shun. 530. n. s. [relax- 
ation Lat.] Diminution of tension ; the act of loos- 
ening. Bacon. Cessation of restraint. Burnet. Re- 
mission ; abatement of rigour. Honker. Remission 
of attention or application. Gov. of the Tongue. 

RELA'XATIVE*, re-laks'-a-tiv. n. s. [relaxatus, 
Lat.] That which has power to relax. B. Jonson. 

RELA'Y, re-la', n. s. [relais, Fr.] Hunting-dogs kept 
in readiness at certain places to follow the deer, 
when the dogs which have been pursuing are 
wearied; horses on the road to relieve others in a 
journey. Cluiucer. 

RELEA'SABLE* re-lese'-a-bl. a. Capable of being 
released. Selden. 

ToRELEA'SE$,re-lese'. 227. v. a. Irelasclwr ; re- 
laxer, Fr.] To set free from confinement or servi- 
tude. St. Matt, xxvii. To set free from pain. To 
free from obligation or penalty. Milton. To quit; 
to let go. Deut. xv. To relax ; to slacken. Hook- 
er. 

RELEA'SE, re-lese'. n. s. [relasche, Fr.] Dismis- 
sion from confinement, servitude, or pain. Re- 
laxation of a penalty. Prior. Remission of a 
claim. Esth. ii. Acquittance from a debt signed 
by the creditor. A legal method of conveying 
land. Bhxkstone. 

RELEA'SER* re-le'-sur. n.s. One who releases or 
sets free from servitude. Gayton. 

RELEA'SEMENT*, r4-lese'-ment. n.s. Act of dis- 



charging; act of dismissing from servitude or pain 
Milton. 
To RE'LEGATE §, r$l'-e-gate. v. a. [releguer, Fr. ; 

relego, Lat.] To banish ; to exile. Cotsrave. 
RELEGATION, rel-e-ga'-shfin. n. T. [relegatio, 

Lat J Exile ; judicial banishment. Aylik'e. 
To RELE'NT §, re-lent', v. n. [relentir, Fr.] To soft- 
en ; to grow less rigid or hard ; to give. Bacon 
To melt ; to grow moist. Bacon. To grow less in 
tense. Sidney. To soften in temper ; to grow ten 
der ; to feel compassion. Shakspeare. 
To RELE'NT, re-lent', v. a. To slacken ; to remit 
Spenser. To soften; to mollify. Spenser. To dis 
solve. Davies. 
RELE'NT*, re-lent'. .p«?l a. Dissolved. Vulg. Hor- 

manni. 
RELE'NT*, re-l§nt'. n. s. Remission ; stay. Spenser. 
RELE'NTLESS, re-lent'-ies. a. Unpitying; un- 
moved by kindness or tenderness. Beaum. and Fl. 
Not knowing where to stay ; wandering ; confused ; 
perplexing. Milton. 
RE'LEVANCY* rel'-e-van-se. n.s. State of being 

relevant. Burnet. 
RELEVANT, rej'-e-vant. a. [Fr.] Relieving; 
lending aid ; affording something to the purpose. 
Potvnall. 
RELEVATION, rel-e-va'-shun. n. s. [relevatio, 

Lat.] A raising or lifting up. 
RELFANCE, re-ll'-anse. n. s. [from rely.] Trust; 

dependence; confidence; repose of mind. Shak. 
RE'LICK§, rel'-lk. n. s. [reliquice, Lat.; relique, 
Fr.] That which remains ; that which is left after 
the loss or decay of the rest. It is generally used 
in the plural. Spenser. It is often taken for the 
body deserted by the soul. Milton. That which 
is kept in memory of another, with a kind of reli- 
gious veneration. Chaucer. 
RE'LICKLY, ref-ik-le. ad. In the manner of rel- 

icks. Donne. Ob. J. 
RE'LICT, rel'-ikt. n. s. [relicte, old Fr. ; relicta, Lat.] 
A widow; a wife desolate by the death of her hus- 
band. Sprat. 
RELIE'F, re-le£f . 275. n. s. [relief, Fr.] Allevia- 
tion of calamity; mitigation of pain or sorrow. 
Milton. That which frees from pain or sorrow. 
Fell. Dismission of a sentinel from his post. Sfuik. 
[relevium, law Lat.] Legal remedy of wrongs. 
The prominence of a figure in stone or metal ; the 
seeming prominence of a picture. Addison. The 
. exposure of any thing, by the 'proximity of some- 
thing different, [relief, old Fr.] [In the feudal 
law.] A payment made to the lord by the tenant 
coming into possession of an estate, held under him. 
Burke. Broken meat. Lib. Fest. 
RELI'ER*, re-ll'-flr. n. s. One who places reliance. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
RELIE'VABLE, re-leev'-a-bl. a. Capable of relief. " 

Hale. 
To RELIE'VE §, re-leev'. v. a. [relevo, Lat. ; relever, 
Fr.] To ease pain or sorrow. To succour by as- 
sistance. Dryden. To set a sentinel at rest, by 
placing another on his post. Dryden. To right by 
law. To recommend by the interposition of some- 
thing dissimilar. Stepney. To support; to assist; 
to recommend to attention. Brown. 
RELIE'VER, re-leev'-ur. n. s. One that relieves 

Rogers. 
RELIE' VO, re-leev'-6.n.s. [Ital.] The prominence 

of a figure or picture. Driiden. 
To RELI'GHT, re-llte'. 393. v. a. To light anew. 

Pope. 
RELI'GION§, re-lld'-jun. 290. n.s. [Fr.; religio r 
Lat.] Virtue, as founded upon reverence of God, 
and expectation of future rewards and punishments. 
Milton. A system of divine faith and worship, as 
opposite to others. More. Religious rites : in the 
plural. Milton. 
RELI'GIONARY* re-lid'-ifln-a-re. a. Relating to 

religion ; pious. Bp. Barlow. 
RELI'GIONIST, re-lld'-jfin-ist. n. s. A bigot to any 

religious persuasion. More. 
RELI'GIOUS $, re-tfd'-jfis. a. [religiosus, Lat.] Pi 
768 



REM 



REM 



—no, move, ndr, not ;— lube, tftb, bull ; — oft ;— pdund ;— tfiin, THis. 



(his 3 disposed to the duties of religion. Hooker. 
Teaching religion. Wotton. Among the Humanists, 
bound by the vows of poverty, chastity, and obe- 
dience. Abbot. Exact; strict. Appropriated to 
strict observance of holv duties. Law. 

RELI'GIOUS*, re-lfa'-jfts. n. s. One, among the 
Romanists, bound by vows. Addison. 

RELIGIOUSLY, re-lid'-jns-le. ad. Piously; with 
obedience to the dictates of religion. Drayton. Ac- 
cording to the rites of religion. Titus Andronicus. 
Reverently; with veneration. Di/ppa. Exactly; 
with strict observance. Bacon. 

RELIGIOUSNESS, re-l?d'-jfis-ne\s. n. s. The qual- 
itv or state of being religious. Sir E. Sandys. 

To RELINQUISH §, re-llng'-kwish. 408. v. a. [relin- 
quo, Lat.] To forsake; to abandon; to leave; to 
desert. Abbot. To quit ; to release ; to give up. 
South. To forbear; to depart from. Hooker. 

RELINQUISHER* re-lW-kwlsh-ftr. n. s. One 
who relinquishes. Slierwood. 

RELINQUISHMENT, re-llng'-kwlsh-ment. 408. 
n.s. The act of forsaking. Hooker. 

RE'LIQUARY*, reM'-e-kwar-e. n. s. [reliquaire, Fr.] 
A casket in which relicks are kept. Gray. 

RE'LISH$ ; rSl'-lish. n. s. [relecher, Fr.] Taste; the 
effect of any thing on the palate: it is commonly 
used of a pleasing taste. Boyle. Taste; small 
quantity just perceptible. Shah. Liking; delight 
in any thing. Addison. Sense ; power of perceiv- 
ing excellence; taste. Addison. Delight given by 
anything; the power by which pleasure is given. 
Shakspeare. Cast ; manner. Pope. 

To RE'LISH, rel'-llsh. v. a. To give a taste to any 
thing. Dryden. To taste ; to have a liking. Baker. 
To taste of; to give the cast or manner of. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

To RE'LISH, fgl'-Hsh. v. n. To have a pleasing 
taste. Hakewill. To give pleasure. Shak. To 
have a flavour. Woodward. 

RE'LISHABLE, r&'-lfsh-a-bl. a. Gustable ; having 
a taste. 

To RELI'VE, re-hV. v. n. [re and live.] To revive ; 
to live anew. Shakspeare. 

To RELI'VE*, re-hV. v. a. To bring back to life; to 
revive. Spenser. Ob. T. 

To RELO'VE, re-lav', v. a. To love in return. 
Boyle. Ob. J 

RELU CENT, re-lu'-sent. a. [relucens, Lat.] Shin- 
ing ; transparent ; pellucid. Thomson. 

To RELU'CT §, re-lftkt'. v. n. [rehtcter, Fr. , rductor, 
Lat.l To struggle against. Walton. 

RELUCTANCE re-l&k'-tanse. ) n. s. [reluctor, 

RELU'CTANCY, re-l&k'-tan-se. S Lat.] Unwib 
lingness; repugnance. Milton. 

RELU'CTANT, re-lak'-tant. a. [rehtctons, Lat.] 
Struggling against; resisting with violence. Mil- 
ton. Unwilling; acting with slight repugnance; 
coy. Milton. 

RELU'CTANTLY*, re-l&k'-tant-le. ad. With re- 
sistance ; with unwillingness. 

To RELU'CTATE, re-lftk'-tate, v.n. To resist ; to 
struggle against. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

RELUCTATION ; re-!o'k-ta'-sh&n. 530. n. s. Repug- 
nance ; resistance ; unwillingness. Bacon. 

To RELU'ME, re-lime', v. a. [rallumer, Fr.] To 
light anew ; to rekindle. Slmkspeare. 

To RELU'MINE, re-lu'-mln. v. a. To light anew. 

^To RELY' §, re-li'. v. n. [re and hje.] To lean upon 
with confidence ; to put trust in ; to rest upon j to 
depend upon. Milton. 

To REMAIN §, re-mane'. e. n. [remaneo, Lat.] To 
be left out of a greater quantity or number. Job, 
xxvii. To continue ; to endure ; to be left in a par- 
ticular state. Milton. To be left after any event. 
Milton. Not to be lost. 1 John, ii. To be left as 
not comprised. Locke. To continue in a place. 

To REMAIN, re-mane'. v. a. To await .; to be left 
to. Spenser. 

REMAIN, re-mane'. 202. n. s. [remain, old Fr.] 
Relick; that which is left. Sliak. The body left 
by the soul. Pope. Abode; habitation. Shak- 
speare. 

97 



REMAINDER, re-mane'-dftr. a. Remaining ; refuse 
letl. Shakspeare. 

REMAINDER, re-mane'-dftr. n.s. What is left, 
remnant ; relicks. Sluxk. The body when the soul 
is departed ; remains. Titus Andronicus. [In law.] 
An estate limited in lands, tenements, or rents, to 
be enjoyed after the expiration of another particu- 
lar estate. Bacon. 

To REMA'KE, re-make', v. a. To make anew. 
Glanvi/le. 

To REMA'IND, re-mand'. 79. i>. a. [remander, Fr.; 
re and mando, Lat.] To send back ; to call back. 
Davies. 

RE'MANENT, rem'-ma-nent. n. s. [remanens, Lat.] 
The part remaining. Bacon. 

#3" I place the accent on the first syllable of this word, 
for the same reason as in permanent ; the a, in both 
rcmanco and permaneo, is short, if that be any rule. — 
See Principles, No. 503. (e.) It is highly probable 
that remnant is but an abbreviation of the present 
word. W. 

RE'MANENT*, r^m'-ma-ngnt. a. Remaining ; con 
tinuing. Bp. Taylor. 

REMA'RK §, re-mark^. 78. n. s. [remarque, Fr.] Ob- 
servation; note; notice taken. Collier. 

To REMA'RK, re-mark', v. a. [remarquer, Fr.] To 
note; to observe. Locke. To distinguish; to point 
out ; to mark. Milton. 

REMA'RKABLE, re-mark'4-bl. a. [remarquable, 
Fr.] Observable; worthy of note. Raleigh. 

REMA'RKABLENESS, re-mark'-a-bl-ngs. n. s. 
Observableness ; worthiness of observation. Ham- 
mond. 

REMA'RK ABLY, re-mark'-a-ble. ad. Observably} 
in a manner worthy of observation. Milton. 

REMA'RKER, re-mark'-fir. 98. n. s. [remarquer, 
Fr.] Observer ; one that remarks. Watts. 

To REMA'RRY*, re-mar'-re. v. a. To marry again ; 
to marry a second time. Tindal. 

REME'DIABLE, re-me'-de-a-bl. [re-mSd'-e-a-bl, 
Perry. .] a. Capable of remed). Bacon. 

REME'DIAL*, re-me'-de-al. a. Affording remedy. 
Burke. 

REME'DIATE, re-me'-de-at. 91. a. Medicinal; af- 
fording a remedy. Shakspeare. 

RE'MEDILESS/ rem'-me-de-lgs. [re-mgd'-e-lSs. 
Perry. .] a. Not admitting remedy; irreparable 
cureless ; incurable. Spenser. 

55° Spenser and Milton place the accent upon the sec- 
ond syllable of this word ; and, as Mr. Nares observes. 
Dr. Johnson [altered by Todd] has, on the authority of 
these authors, adopted this accentuation : " But this," 
says Mr. Nares, "is irregular ; for every monosyllabick 
termination, added to a word accented on the antepe- 
nult, throws the accent to the fourth syllable from the 
end." With great respect for Mr. Nares's opinion on 
this subject, I should think a much easier and more 
general rule might be laid down for all words of this 
kind, which is, that those words which take the Saxon 
terminations after them, as er, less, ness, lessness, ly, 
&,c, preserve the accent of the radical word ; therefore 
this and the following word ought to have the same ac- 
cent as remedy, from which they are formed. — See 
Principles, No." 489, 501. W. 

REME'DILESSNESS, rSm'-me-de-leVnSs. [re- 
med'-e-leVn&s, Perry.] n. s. Incurableness. 

RE'MEDY§, rem'-me-de. n.s. [remedium, Lat.] A 
medicine by which any illness is cured. Swift. 
Cure of any uneasiness. Dryden. That which 
counteracts any evil. Milton. Reparation ; means 
of repairing any hurt. Shakspeare. 

To RE'MEDY, rem'-me-de. v. a. [remedier, Fr.] To 
cure ; to heal. Hooker. To repair or remove mis- 
chief. 

To REME'MBER^re-mem'-bflr. v. a. {remembrer, 
old Fr. ; remembrare, Ital.l To bear in mind any 
thing ; not to forget. Ps. Ixxix. To recollect ; to 
call to mind. Sidney. To keep in mind; to have 
present to the attention. Milton. To bear in mind, 
with intent of reward or punishment. Barrow. To 
mention ; not to omit. Ayliffe. To put in mind $ 
to force ; to recollect; to remind. Sidney. To pre- 
serve from being forgotten. Shakspeare. 
7G9 



REM REM 




K? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 





REMEMBERER, re-mem'-bur-fir. n. s. One who 

remembers. Wotton. 
REMEMBRANCE, re-mem'-branse. n. s. [old Fr.] 
Retention in memory ; memory. Shale. Reco'lec- 
tion; revival of any idea; reminiscence. Milton. 
Honourable memory. Shak. Transmission of a 
fact from one to another. Addison. Account pre- 
served. Hale. Memorial. Dryden. A token by 
which any one is kept in the memory. Shak. No- 
tice of something absent. Shak. Power of re- 
membering'. Milton. Admonition. Sliak. Memo- 
randum ; a note to help memory. Chilling worth. 

REMEMBRANCER, re-mem'-bran-sur. n. s. One 
that reminds; one that puts in mind. Shak. An 
officer of the exchequer. Bacon.. 
To REME'MORATE §*, re-mem'-o-rate. v. a. [re- 
memoratus, Lat.] To call to remembrance ; to re- 
member. Bryskett. 

REMEMORATION*, re-mem-6-ra.'-shun. n. s. Re- 
membrance. Mountagv. 

To REME'RCY, re-meV-se. v. a. [remercier, Fr.] 
To thank. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To RE'MIGRATE§, rem'-e-grate. 513. v.n. \remi- 
gro, Lat.] To remove back again. Boyle. 

R EMIGRATION, rem-e-gra'-shfin. n. s. Removal 
back again. Hale. 

To REMI'ND, re-mlnd'. v. a. To put in mind ; to 
force to remember. South. 

REMINI'SCENCE§, rem-me-nV-sense. 510. ) 

REMINFSCENCY $% r5m-m£-inV-sen-se. S 
n. s. [reminiscence, Fr. ; reminiscens, Lat.] Recol- 
lection ; recovery of ideas. Hale. 

REMINISCE'NTIAL, rem-me-n'is-sen'-shal. a. Re- 
lating to reminiscence. Brown. 

REMl'SS §, re-mis', a. [remissus, Lat.] Not vigorous ; 
slack. Woodward. Not careful; slothful. Sliak. 
Not intense. Roscommon. 

REMISSIBLE, re-mk'-se-bl. 509. a. [Fr.] That 
may be forgiven or remitted. Fcltham. 

REMI'SSION, re-m'fsh'-un. n.s. [remissio, Lat.] 
Abatement ; relaxation ; moderation. Bacon. Ces- 
sation of intenseness. Woodward. [In physiclc] 
Remission is when a distemper abates, but does 
not go off' quite before it returns again. Release ; 
abatement of right or claim. Addison. Forgive- 
ness; pardon. Shak. Act of sending back. Stack- 
house. 

REMl'SSLY, re-nruV-le. ad. Carelessly ; negligent- 
ly ; without close attention. Hooker. Not vigor- 
ously ; not with ardour or eagerness; slackly. 
Clarendon. 

REMISSNESS, re-mls'-nSs. n. s. Carelessness; 
negligence ; coldness ; want of ardour. Shakspeare. 

To REMIT §, re-nuY. v. a. [remitto, Lat.] To relax; 
to make less intense. Milton. To forgive a pun- 
ishment. Dryden. \remettre, Fr.] To pardon a 
fault. Titus Andr. To give up ; to resign. Hay- 
viard. To defer ; to refer. Bacon. To put again 
in custody. Dryden. To send money to a distant 
place. Addison. To restore. Hayward. 

To REMIT, re-mft'. v. n. To slacicen ; to grow less 
intense. Broome. To abate by growing less eager. 
South. [In physiclc] To grow by intervals less 
violent, though not wholly intermitting. 

REM1TMENT, re-rait'-ment. n. s. The act of re- 
mitting to custody. 

REMITTANCE, re-mit'-tanse. n.s. The act of 
paying money at a distant place. Sum sent to a 
distant place. Addison. 

REMITTER, re-mlt'-tur. 98. n. s. [remettre, Fr.] One 
who forgives or pardons. Fulke. One who remits 
or procures the conveyance and payment of money. 
[In common law.] A restitution of one that hath 
two titles to lands or tenements, and is seized of 
them by his latter title, under his title that is more 
ancient, in case where thelattei is defective. Cowel. 

RE'MNANT, rem'-nant. n.s. [corrupted from rema- 
nent.] Residue ; that which is left. Sltakspeare. 
RE'MNANT, rem'-nant. a. Remaining; yet left. 

Prior. 
To REMO'DEL* re-mod'-del. v.a. To model anew. 
Churion. 



I REMO'LTEN, re-m6l'-tn. 103. part. Melted agair. 

Bacon. 
REMO'NSTRANCE, re-m&n'-stranse. n.s. [Fr.] 

Show; discovery. Sliak. Strong representation. 

Hooker. 
REMONSTRANT*, re-mon'-strant. n. s. [remon- 

strans, Lat.] One that joins in a remonstrance 

Milton. 
REMO'NSTRANT*, re-mon'-strant. a. Expostula 

tory ; containing strong reasons. Ash. 
To REMO'NSTRATE §, re-m&n'-strate. v. n. [re- 

manstro, Lat.] To make a strong representation ; 

to show reasons on any side in strong terms. 

Walton. 
To REMO'NSTRATE*, re-m&n'-strate. v.a. To 

show by a strong representation. Hist, of Duelling. 
REMONSTRA'tlON*,re-mon-stra'-sh&n. n.s. Act 

of remonstrating. 
REMO'NSTRATOR*, re-m&n'-stra-t&r. n. s. One 

who remonstrates. Burnet. 
RE' MORA, rem'-o-ra. 92, 503. n.s. [Lal.l A let, 

or obstacle. Bp. Andrews. A fish or a Kind of 

worm that sticks to ships and retards their passage 

through the water. Grew. 
To RE'MORATE, rem'-6-rate. v. a. [temoror, 

Lat.] To hinder ; to delay. Diet. 
To REMO'RD§*, re-mSrd'. v.a. [remordeo, Lat.] 

To rebuke ; to excite to remorse. Skelton. Ob. 1 . 
To REMO'RD*, re-m6rd'. v.n. To feel remorse. 

Sir T. Elyot. 
REMO'RDENCY*, re-mor'-den-se. n.s. [remordens, 

Lat.] Compunction. Killingbeck. 
REMO'RSE§, re-morse', or re-m&rse'. n.s. [re?nor- 

sus, Lat.] Pain of guilt. Bp. Hall. Tenderness; 

pity ; sympathetick sorrow. Spenser. 
$5= Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Perry, and several re- 
spectable speakers, pronounce this word in the second 

manner ; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and 

Mr. Smith, [Jones, Fulton and Knight] in the first; and, 

in my opinion, with analogy and the best usage on their 

side. The final e does not lengthen the o, but serves 

only to keep the s from going into the sound of z. W. 

REMO'RSED*, re-m&rst'. a. Feeling the pain of 
guilt; struck with remorse. Bp. Hall. 

REMO'RSEFUL, re-m6rs'-ful. a. Full of a sense of 
guilt ; denoting the pain of guilt. Bp. Hall. Ten- 
der; compassionate. Shak. Pitiable. Chapman. 

REMO'RSELESS,re-m6rs'-les. a. Unpitying; cru- 
el ; savage. Milton. 

REMORSELESSLY*, re-m&rs'-lgs-Ie. ad. With- 
out remorse. South. 

REMO'RSELESSNESS* re-mSrs'-les-nes. n. s. 
Savageness ; cruelty. Beaumont. 

REMOTE §, re-m&te'. a. [remotus, Lat.] Distant ; 
not immediate. Locke. Distant ; not at hand. 
Milton. Removed far off; placed not near. Mil- 
ton. Foreign. Distant; not closely connected. 
Glanville. Alien ; not agreeing. Locke. Abstract- 
ed. Locke. 

REMOTELY, re-mote'-le. ad. Not nearly ; at a dis 
tance. Brown. 

REMOTENESS, re-m&te'-ngs. n. s. State of being 
remote ; distance ; not nearness. Dryden. 

REMO'TION, re-mo'-shtfo. n.s. {remotus, Lat.] The 
act of removing; the state of being removed to 
distance. Shakspeare. 

To REMOU'NT, re-mount', v.n. [remonter, Fr.] To 
mount again. Dryden. 

REMO'VABLE, re-mofiv'-a-bl. a. Such as may be 
removed. Spenser. 

REMO'VAL, re-m66v'-al. 88. n.s. The act of put- 
ting out of any place. Hooker. The act of putting 
away. Arbuthnot. Dismission from a post. Addi- 
son. The state of being removed. Locke. 

To REMO'VE §, re-moov'. v. a. [removeo, Lat.] To 
put from its place ; to take or put away. Job, xii. 
To place at a distance. Locke. 

To REMO'VE, re-mo&v'. v. n. To change place 
To go from one place to another. Dryden. 

REMO'VE, re-mS6V. «. s. Change of place. Chap- 
man. Susceptibility of being removed. Glanville. 
Translation of one to the plac« of another. SliaL 
770 



REIN 



REN 



—no, move, n6r, not j— t&be, tub, 1>A11 ;— 6'il ;— pound 5— </i 



HI, THJS. 



State of being removed. Milton. Act of moving 
a chess-man or draught. Departure ; act of going 
away. DW/iv. The act of changing place, #<i- 
con. A step in tlie scale of gradation. Locke. A 
small distance. Rogers. Act of putting a horse's 
shoes upon different feet. Swift. A dish to be 
changed while the rest of the course remains. 

REMO VED, re-naodvd'. pari. a. Remote ; separate 
from others. Shakspeare. 

REMO VEDNESS, re-moov'-ed-nes. 364. n. s. The 
state of being removed; remoteness. Shaksjieare. 

REMOTER, re-mdov'-Or. 98. n.s. One that removes. 
Baron. 

REMU'GIENT*, re-miV-je-ent. a. [remugiens, Lat.] 
Rebellowing. More. 

REMUNERAB1 LITY*, re-mit-ner-a-biF-e-te. n.s. 
Capability of being rewarded. Pearson. 

REMU'NERABLE,re-mu/-ner-a-bl. a. Rewardable. 

To REMUNERATE $, re-miV-ner-ate. v. a. [remu- 
nero, Lat.; rammer (r, Fr.] To reward ; to repay; 
to requite ; to recompense. Bacon. 

REMUNERATION, re-mii-ner-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; 
remuneratio, Lat.] Reward ; requital ; recom- 
pense ; repayment. Shakspeare. 

REMUNERATIVE, re-mu-ner-a-Uv. a. Exercised 
in giving rewards. Boyle. 

RE3IU / NERATORY*;re-mu'-ner-a-tCir-e. a. Af- 
fording recompense, or reward ; requiting. John- 
son. 

To REMU RMUR, re-mur'-miir. v. a. To utter back 
in murmurs ; to repeat in low, hoarse sounds. Pope. 

To REMU'RMUR, re-mur'-mur. v. n. [remwmuro, 
Lat.] To murmur back ; to echo a low, hoarse 
sound. Dry den. 

RE'NAL*, re'-nal. a. [renalis, Lat.] Belonging to 
the reins or kidneys. 

RE'NARD, ren'-nard. 88. n. s. [Fr.] The name of a 
fox in fable. Dry den. 

RENA'SCENCY §*, re-nas'-sen-se. n.s. [renasce?ts, 
Lat.] State of being produced again. Brown. 

RENA'SCENT, re-nas'-sent. a. [renascens, Lat.] 
Produced again ; rising again into being. 

RENA'SCIBLE, re-nas'-se-bl. 405. a. [renascor, 
Lat J Possible to be produced again. 

To RENA'VIGATE, re-nav'-ve-gale. v. n. To sail 
again. 

RENCOU'NTERS, ren-kdun'-tur. 313. n.s. [ren- 
contre, Fr.] Clash ; collision. Collier. Personal 
opposition. Addison. Loose or casual engage- 
ment. Addispn. Sudden combat without premedi- 
tation. 

To RENCOUNTER*, ren-koun'-tfir. v. a. To at- 
tack hand to hand. Spenser. 

To RExNCOU'NTER, ren-koun'-tur. r. n. [rencon- 
trer, Fr.] To clash ; to collide. To meet an ene- 
my unexpectedly. To skirmish with another. 
To fight hand to hand. 

TV) REND £, rend. v. a. pret. and part. pass. rent. 
[penban, Sax.] To tear with violence ; to lacerate. 
Jud'r. xiv. 

To REN D*, rend. v. n. To separate ; to be disunited. 
Bp. Tai/lor. 

RE'NDER, rend'-ur. 98. n. s. One that rends ; a 
tearer. 

To RENDERS, ren'-dfir. v. a. [rendre, Fr.] To re- 
turn ; to pay back. Psalm xxxviii. To restore ; to 
give back. Addison. To give upon demand. 
Prov. xxvi. To invest with qualities ; to make. 
South. To represent; to exhibit. Sliak. To 
translate. Burnet. To surrender ; to yield ; to 
give up. Sliak. To afford ; to give to be used. 
Watts. 

To RE'NDER*, ren'-dur. v.n. To show; to give an 
account. Sliakspeare. 

RE'NDER, ren'-d&r. n. s. An account. Shalcspeare. 

RE'NDERABLE*, ren'-d&r-a-bl. a. That may be 
rendered. Sherwood. 

RENDEZVOUS §, ren-de-vooz'. 315. n.s. [Fr.] 
Assembly; meeting appointed. Sprat. A sign 
that draws men together. Bacon. Place appeinted 
for assembly. Raleigh. 

To RENDEZVOUS, reW&vfloz'. [ron'-da-voo, 



Sheridan and Jones ; ren'-de-vodz, Perry, Fulton 
and Knight.] v. n. To meet at a place appointed 
Sir T. Herbert. 

{£7- This word is in such universal use as to be perfectly 
anglicised; and those who leave out the s at the end, 
in compliment to the French language, show but little 
taste in their pronunciation of English. To this letter, 
in this word, as well as in several other words, may be 
applied the judicious advice of Pope: 
. " In words, as fashions, the same rule will hold ; 
" Alike fantastick, if too new or old: 
" Be not the first by whom the new are try'd, 
" Nor yet the last to lay the old aside." 

Essay on Criticism. W. 

To RENDEZVOUS*, ren-de-vSoz'. v. a. To bring 
together : to bring to a place appointed. Echard. 

RE'NDIBLE §#, ren'-de-bl. a. [rendable, Fr.] That 
may be yielded, given up, or restored. Cotgrave. 
That may be translated. Howell. 

RENDITION, ren-dlsh'-fin. n.s. [from render.] 
Surrendering ; the act of yielding. Fair/ax. 
Translation. South. 

RENEGA'DE, reV-ne-gade. 7 

RENEGA'DO, ren-ne-ga'-d6. [See Lumbago.] $ 
n. s. [Span. ; renegat, Fr. ; renegatus, low Lat.] 
One that apostatizes from the faith ; an apostate. 
Bp. Taylor. One who deserts to the enemy ; a 
revolter. Decay o/Chr. Piety. 

T , oRENE / GE,re-neeg''. v. a. [renego, Lat. ; renoier, 
render, old Fr.] To disown ; to renounce. Sliak. 

To RENE'GE*, re-neeg'. v. n. To deny. Sliak. 

To RENE'W §, re-mV. v. a. [re and 7iew.] To reno- 
vate ; to restore to the former state. Shale. To re- 
peat ; to put again in act. Bacon. To begin again. 
Dnjden. [In theology.] To make anew; to trans- 
form to new life. Heb. vi. 

RENE'WABLE, re-iuV-a-bl. a. Capable to be re- 
newed. Swift. 

RENE'WAL, re-mV-al. 88. n. s. The act of renew- 
ing ; renovation. Forbes. 

RENEVVEDNESS*, re-mV-ed-nes. n.s. State of 
being made anew. Hammond. 

RENE'WER*, re-nu'-ur. n.s. One who renews. 
Sherwood. 

RENFTENCE*, re-nl'-tense. ) n. s. The resistance 

RENFTENCY, re-nV-ten-se. \ in solid bodies, 
when they press upon, or are impelled one against 
another, or the resistance that a body makes on 
account of weight. Quincy. Disinclination j re- 
luctance. Bp. Hall. 

fry* This word [renitency] and the following were, in 
Dr. Johnson's third edition, folio, accented on the 
second syllable ; but in the sixth edition, quarto, they 
have the accent on the first. This latter accentuation, 
it must be allowed, is more agreeable to English analo- 
gy, sec Principles, No, 503, (b.) ; but there is an analogy 
that the learned are very fond of adopting, which is, 
that when a word from the Latin contains the same 
number of syllables as the original, the accent of the 
original should then be preserved ; and, as the accent 
of rcnitens is on the second syllable, the word renitent 
ought to have the accent on the second likewise. For 
my own part, 1 approve of our own analogy, both in ac- 
cent and quantity ; but it is the business of a prosodist 
to give the usage as well as analogy ; and, were this 
word and its formative renitency to be brought into 
common use, I have no doubt but that the Latin analo- 
gy, that of accenting this word on the second syllable, 
would generally prevail. This may fairly bo presumed 
from the suffrages we have for it ; namely, Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Buchanan, and Entick, who 
are opposed by no dictionary I have consulted but by 
Scott's Bailey. W. 

RENFTENT §, re-nl'-tent. a. [renilens, Lat.] Acting 
against any impulse by elastick power. Ray, 

RE'NNET, ren'-nit. n.s. Runnet. Flayer. 

RE NNET, reV-nlt. ? n. s. A kind of apple 

RE'NNETING, ren'-nh-ing. S Mortimer. 

To RENOUNCE $, re-nounse'. 313. v. a. [renoncer, 
Er, ; renunao, Lat.] To disown ; to abnegate. 
Dnjden. To quit upon oath. Shakspeare. 

To RENOUNCE, re-ndunse'. v.n. To declare re- 
nunciation. Dnjden. [At cards.] Not to follow 
the suit led, though the player has one of the Stilt 
in his hand. 

771 



REP 



REP 



O 3 559.— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pk ;- 



RENOUNCE*, re-nS&nse'. n.s. [used only, per- 
haps, at cards.] The act of not following the suit 
when it might be done. Whist, a Poem. 
RENOUNCEMENT, re-ndunse'-ment. n. s. Act of 

renouncing ; renunciation. 
RENOU'NCER*, re-nd&n'-sfir. n. s. One who dis- 
owns or denies. Wilkins. 
RENOUNCING*, re-n66n'-smg. n.s. The act of 
disowning or denying ; apostasy. Sir E. Sandys. 
To RE'NOVATE $, ren'-no-vate. v. a. [renovo, Lat.] 

To renew ; to restore to the first state. Thomson. 
RENOVATION, r£n-n6-va'-shun. n. s. [renovatio, 
Lat.] Renewal ; the act of renewing ; the state of 
being renewed. Bacon. 
RENO'WN $, re-n6&n'. 322. n. s. [renomme, Fr.] 

Fame ; celebrity ; praise widely spread. Shak. 
To RENO'WN, re-n6un'. v.a. [renom met, Fr.] To 

make famous. Shakspeare. 
RENO'WNED, re-nSund'. 359. particip. a. Famous; 

celebrated ; eminent : famed. Numb. i. 
RENO'WNEDLY*, re-nSun'-ed-le. ad. With ce- 
lebrity ; with fame. 
RENO'WNLESS*, re-no&n'-les. a. Inglorious; 

without renown. 
RENT §, rent. n.s. [from rend.] A break; a lacera- 
tion. White. 
To RENT, rent. v.a. To tear; to lacerate. Chaucer. 
To RENT, rent. v. n. [now written rant.] To roar ; 

to bluster. Hudibras. 
RENTS, rent. n.s. [pent, Sax. ; rente, Fr.] Reve- 
nue ; annual payment. Shakspeare. Money paid 
for any thing held of another. Waller. 
To RENT, rent. v. a. [renter, Fr.] To hold by pay- 
ing rent. Addison. To set to a tenant. Swift. 
RENTABLE, rent'-a-bl. 405. a. That may be rented. 
RE'NTAGE*, ren'-t?dje. n.s. [rentage, old Fr.] 
Money paid for any thing held of another. Jr. 
Fletcher. 
RENTAL, rent'-al. n. s. Schedule or account of 

rents. 
RE'NTER, rent'-fir. 98. n. s. One that holds by pay- 
ing rent. Locke. 
RE'NTROLL*, reut'-r6le. n. s. List of rents, or reve- 
nues. Hakewill. 
RENUNCIATION, re-nun-she-a'-shfin. [See Pro- 
nunciation.] n. s. [renunciatio, Lat.] The act of 
renouncing. Bp. Taxjlor. 
To RENVE'RSE §, ren-verse. v. a. [re and inverse.] 

To reverse. Spenser. 
RENVE'RSEMENT*, ren-verse'-ment. n. s. Act of 

reversing. Stukely. Ob. T. 
To REORTAI'N*, re-ob-tane'. v.a. To obtain 

again. Mir. for Mag. 
REOBTAI'NABLE*, re-ob-ta'-na-bl. a. That may 

be obtained again. Sherwood. 
ToREORDArN§,rer6r-dane'. v.a. [reor diner, Fr.] 
To ordain again, on supposition of some defect in 
the commission granted to a minister. Burnet. 
REORDINATION, re-or-de-na'-slum. ». s. Repe- 
tition of ordination. Atterbury. 
To REFA'CIFY, re-pas'-se-f i. u. a. To pacify again. 

Daniel. 
REPAI'D, re-pade'.pz?tf. of repay. 
To REPAI'R §, re-pare'. 202. v.a. [reparo, Lat. ; 
reparer, Fr.] To restore after injury or dilapida- 
tion, 2 Kings. To amend any injury by an equiv- 
alent. Milton. To fill up anew, by something put 
in the place of what is lost. Milton. To recover : 
a Latinism. Spenser. 
REP APR, re-pare', n. s. Reparation ; supply of loss ; 

restoration after dilapidation. Slmkspeare. 
To REPAI'R, re-pare', v. n. [repairer, Fr.] To go 

to; to betake himself. Shakspeare. 
REPAI'R, re-pare'. n.s. [repaire, Fr.] Resort; abode. 
Joel, hi. Act of betaking himself any whither. 
Clarendon. 
REPAI'RABLE*, re-pare'-a.bl. a. That may be 

repaired : now reparable. 
REPAI'RER, re-pare' -fir, 93. n.s. Amender; re- 
storer. South. 
REPA'NDOUS, re-pan'-dfis, a, [repandus, Lat.] 
Bent upwards. Brown. 



RE'PARABLE, rep'-par-a-bl.531. [See Irrepar 
able.] a. [Fr.; reparabilis, Lat.] Capable of 
being amended, retrieved, or supplied by some- 
thing equivalent. Bacon. 

RE'PARABLY, rep'-par-a-ble. ad. In a manner 
capable of remedy by restoration, amendment, or 
supply. 

REPARATION, rep-pa-ra'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; rcjvj, 
ratio, Lat.] The act of repairing; instauration. 
Arbuthnot. Supply of what is wasted. Addison. 
Recompense for any injury ; amends. Bacon. 

REPARATIVE, re-par'-ra-t?v. 512. n. s. Whatever 
makes amends for loss or injury. Wotton. 

REPARATIVE*, re-par'-ra-tiv. a. Amending de- 
fect, loss, or injury. Bp. Taylor. 

REPARTEE', rep-par-tee', n. s. [repartie, Fr.] 
Smart reply. Dryaen. 

To REPARTEE', rep-par-tee'. v.n. To make 
smart replies. Denham. 

To REPA'SSy re-pas', v. a. [repasser, Fr.] To pass 
again ; to pass or travel back. Shakspeare. 

To IlEPA'SS, re-pas', v. n. To go back in a road. 
Dryden. 

REPASTS, re-past', n.s. [repas, Fr. ; reandpastus, 
Lat.] A meal ; act of taking food. Milton. Food; 
victuals. Shakspeare. 

To REPA'ST, re-past', v. a. [repaistre, Fr.] To 
feed ; to feast. Shakspeare. 

REPA'STURE, re-pas'-tshure. 463. n. s. [re and 
pasture.] Entertainment. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

To REPATRIATE*, re-pat'-re-ate. v. n. [repatri- 
er, Fr. ; re and patria, Lat.] To restore to one's 
own home or country. Cotgrave. 

To REFA'Y§, re-pa', v.a. [repayer, Fr.] To pay 
back in return, in requital, or in revenge. Is. lix. 
To recompense. Milton. To compensate. Bacon. 
To requite good or ill. Shak. To reimburse with 
what is owed. Shakspeare. 

REPAYMENT, re-pa'-ment. n. s. The act of repay- 
ing. Bp. Taylor. The thing repaid. Arbuthnot. 

To REPEAL §, re-pele'. 227. v. a. [rappeller, Fr.] 
To recall. Shakspeare. To abrogate ; to revoke. 
Hooker. 

REPEAL, re-pele'. n. s. Recall from exile. Shak. 
Revocation; abrogation. Davies. 

REPEALER*, re-pe'-lfir. n. s. One who revokes 
or abrogates. Burke. 

To REPEAT^, re-pete'. 227. v. a. [repeto, Lat.; 
repeter, Fi\j To iterate ; to use again ; to do again. 
Milton. To speak again. Hooker. To try again. 
Waller. To recite ; to rehearse. Shakspeare. 

REPEA'T*, re-pete', n.s. A repetition. [Inmusick.] 
A mark denoting the repetition of a preceding part 
of the air. Avison. 

REPEA'TEDLY, re-pe'-ted-le. ad. Over and over; 
more than once. Stephens. 

REPEATER, re-pe'-tfir. 98. n. s. One that repeats; 
one that recites. Bp. Taylor. A watch that strikes 
the hours at will by compression of a spring. 

REPEDATION*, rep-e-da'-sh&n. «. s. [repedatus, 
Lat.; re and pes.] Act of going back; return 
More. Ob. T. 

To REPE'LS, re^pel'. v. a. [repello, Lat.] To drive 
back any thing. Hooker. To drive back an assail- 
ant. Milton. 

To REPE'L, re-pel', v. n. To act with force contra- 
ry to force impressed. Newton. [In medicine.] To 
prevent such an afflux of a fluid to any particular 
part, as would raise it into a tumour. Quincy. 

REPE'LLENT, re-pel'-lent. n. s. [repellens, Lat.J 
An application that has a repelling power. Wise- 
man. 

REPE'LLENT*, re-pgl'-lent. a. Having power to 
repel. Bp. Berkeley. 

REPE'LLER, re-pelM&r. 98. n.s. One that repels. 

ToREPE'NTS, re-pent', v. n. [repentir, Fr.] To 
think on any thing past with sorrow. South. To 
express sorrow for something past. Sliuk. To 
change the mind from some painful motive. Exod. 
xiii. To have such sorrow for sin as produces 
amendment of life. St. Matt. xii. 
To REPE'NT re-pent', v. a. To remember with 
772 



REP 



REP 



— niS, mOve, ndr, not 5 — ti\be, tfib, bill 5— oil ; — pound ; — thin, mis. 



sorrow. Sluxk. To remember with pious sorrow. 
Donne, [se repentir, Fr.] It is used with the recip- 
rocal pronoun, .fir. viii. 
REPENTANCE, re-pCnt'-anse. n. s. [repentance, 
Fr.] Sorrow for any thing past. Law. Sorrow for 
sin, sucli as produces newness of life ; penitence. 
Wlutgifl. 
REPE'NTANT, re-pent'-ant. a. [repentant, Fr.] Sor- 
rowful for the past. Sorrowful for sin. Milton. 
Expressing sorrow for sin. Shakspeare. 
REPE'NTANT* re-pent'-ant. n. s. One who ex- 
presses sorrow for sin. Liglitfoot. 
REPE INTER*, re-pent'-fir. n. s. One who repents. 

Donne. 
REPENTING*, re-penl'-lng. n. s. Act of repent- 
ance. Hos. xi. 
REPE'NTINGLY*, re-pent'-ing-lc. ad. With re- 
pentance. 
To REPEO'PLE, re-pee'-pl. v. a. [repeupter, Fr.] 

To stock with people anew. Tatler. 
REPEO'PLING*, re-pe'-pl-uig. n. s. The act of re- 
peopling. Hale. 
ToREPERCU'SS^ re-per-kus'. v. a. [repercutio, 
repercussiis, Lat.] To beat back ; to drive back ; 
to rebound. Bacon. Ob. J. 
REPFJtCU'SSION,re-p£r-kush'-un. n.s. [repercus- 
sio, Lat.] The act of driving back ; rebound. Bacon. 
REPERCU'SSIVE, re-per-ktts'-slv. a. [repercussif, 
Fr.] Having the power of driving back or causing 
a rebound. Pattison. Repellent. Bacon. Driven 
back ; rebounding. Thomson. 
REPERCU'SSIVE*. re-per-kiV-sk. n. s. A repel- 
lent. Bacon. 
REPERTPTIOUS, rep-per-dsh'-us. a. [repertus, 

Lat.l Found ; gained by finding. Diet. 
REPERTORY, rep'-per-tfir-e. 512. n. s. [reperto- 
riiun, Lat.] A treasury ; a magazine ; a book in 
which any thing is to be, found. Dr. Ducarel. 
REPETITION, rep-e-tlsh'-un. 531. n.s. [Fr.; repe- 
titio, Lat.] Iteration of the same thing. Arbuthnot. 
Recital of the same words over again. Hooker. 
The act of reciting or rehearsing. Sliak. Recital. 
Chapman. Recital from memory, as distinct from 
reading. 
RE PETITION AL*, rep-e-dsh'-tm-al. ) a. Con- 
REPETITIONARY*, rep-e-tlsh'-un-a-re. ] taming 

repetition. Biblioth. Bill. 
To REPPNE §, re-plne'. v. n. [re and pine.] To fret ; 
to vex himself; to be discontented. Shak: To 
envy. Dryden. 
REPINER, re-plne'-ur. 93. n. s. One that frets or 

murmurs. Bp. Hall. 
REPINING*, re-pl'-nlng. n. s. Act of murmuring 

or complaining. Burnet. 
REPI'NINGLY* re-pl'-n'fng-le. ad. With complaint; 

with murmuring. Bp. Hall. 
To REPLA'CE, re-plase'. v. a. [replace,-, Fr.] To 
put again in the former place. Bacon. To put in 
a new place. Dryden: 
To REPLAIT, re-plW. v.. a. [re and plait.] To 

fold one part often over another. Dryden. 
To REPLA'NT$, re-plant', v. a. [replanicr, Fr.] To 

plant anew. Bacon. t 
REPLA'NTABLE*, re-plant'-a-bl. a. That may be 

replanted. Cotgrare. 
REPLANTATION, re-plan-uV-shcm. n.s. The act 

of planting again. Haliywell. 

To REPLENISH, r^plen'-nish. v. a. [repleo, from 

re and plenus, Lat.] To slock; to fill. Gen. i. To 

finish ; to consummate ; to complete. Shakspeare. 

To REPLE'NISH, re-pleV-n?sh. 5. n. To recover 

the former fulness. Bacon. Oh. J. 
REPLETE §, re-plete'. a. [replet, Fr. ; repktus, Lat.] 
Full ; completely filled ; filled to exuberance. Bacon. 
REPLETION, re-ple'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The state 

of being overfull. Bacon. 
REPLETIVE*, re-ple'-rfv. a. [repletif, Fr.] 

plenishing; filling. Co/grave. 
REPLETIVELY*, re-ple'-tlv-le. ad. So as to be fill 

»ed. Summanj of Du BarL 
REPLE'YTABLE, re-plfcv'-v.'i-a-hl. )a. [replegia- 
REPLE'VISABLE*, re-pleV-?s-a-bl. ] Mis, low 



rej)levissable, old Fr.] What may be replet- 
bailable. Hale. 



fe 



Re- 



Lat. : 
uaed : 
To REPLEVIN, re-plev'-vln. ) 0. a. [rejtlevin, old 
To REPLE'VY, re-plev'-ve. \ ¥r.-,riplegio,\ovt 
Lat.] To take back or set at liberty, upon secu- 
rity, anv thing seized. Bp. Hall. 
REPLICATION, rep-ple-ka'-shun. 531. n.s. 
plico, Lat.] Rebound ; repercussion. Shak. 
ply; answer. Shakspeare. 
7V REPLY' §, re-pll'. v. n. [repliquer, Fr.] To an- 
swer ; to make a return to an answer. Rom. ix. 
To REPLY', re-pll'. ?:. a. To return for an answer. 

Milton. 
REPLY', re-pll'. n. s. [repliqve, Fr.] Answer; return 

to an answer. Shakspeare. 
REPLY'ER, re-pli'-ur. 98. n. s. He that answers 5 

he that makes a return to an answer. Bacon. 
To REPO'LISH, re-p&l'-fish. v. a. [repolir, Fr.] To 

polish again. Donne. 
To REPO'RT $, re-p6rt'. v. a. [rapporler, Fr.] To 
noise by popular rumour. Shak. To give repute. 
Acts, xvi. To give an account of. I\eh. vi. To 
return ; to rebound ; to give back. Bacon. 
REPO'RT, re-p6rt'. n.s. Rumour; popular fame. 
Repute ; publick character. 2 Cor. iv. Account 
returned. Waller. Account given by lawyers of 
cases. Watts. Sound; loud noise ; repercussion. 
Bacon. 
REPO'RTER, re-p6rt'-fir. 98. n.s. Relater; one 
that gives an account. Shak. [In law.] One who 
draws up reports of adjudged cases. Blackstone. 
REPO RTINGLY, re-p6rl'-ing-le. ad. By common 

fame. Shakspeare. 
REPO'SAL, re-po'-zal. 88. n. s. The act of repos 
ing. Shak. That on which a person reposes. Bur- 
ton. 
REPO'S ANCE*, re-p6'-zanse. if. s. Reliance. J. Hall, 
To REPO'SE $, re-p6ze'. v. a. [repono, Lat.] To lay 
to rest. Shak. To place as in confidence or trust, 
Dryden. To lodge ; to lay up. Woodward. 
To REPO'SE, re-p6ze'. v.n. [reposer, Fr.] To sleep 5 
to be at rest. Chapman. To rest in confidence. 
Shakspeare. 
REPO'SE, re-p6ze'. n.s. [repos, Fr.] Sleep; rest; 
quiet. Shak. Cause of rest. Dryden. Repose, or 
quietness, is applied to a picture, when the whole is 
harmonious ; when nothing glares either in the 
shade, light, or colouring. GUpin. 
REPO'SEDNESS, re-p»V-zed-nes. 365. n. s. Slate 

of being at rest. Transl. of Boccalim. 
ToREPO'Srn, re-p6//-zlt. v. a. [reposiius, Lat.] 
To lay up ; to lodge as in a place of safety. Der- 
ham. 
REPOSITION, re-pe.-z?sh'-un. n. s. The act of lay- 
ing up in a place of safety. Bp. Hall. The act of 
replacing'. Wiseman. 
REPOSITORY, re-p6z'-e-tur-e. n. s. [repositoire, 
Fr. ; repositorium, Lat.] A place where any thing 
is safely laid up. Locke. 
To REPOSSESS, re-p&z-z3s'. v. a. To possess 

again. Spenser. 
REPOSSESSION*, re-poz-zeW-un. n. s. Act of 

possessing again. Raleigh. 
ToREPOU'R*, re-p6ur' ; or re-p6re. [See Pour.] 

n. a. To pour anew. Mirror for Magistrates. 
ToREPREHE'NDS. rep-pre-hend'. v. a. [repie- 
hendo, Lat.] To reprove ; to chide. Hooker. To 
blame; to censure. Cliapman. To detect of fal- 
lacy. Bacon. To charge with as a fault. Bacon. 
REPREHE'NDER, rep-pre-h§nd'-ur. n. s. Blamer; 

censurer. Hooker. 
REPREHE'NSIBLE §, rep-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. [repre- 
hensible, Fr. ; reprehensus, Lat.] Blamable 3 cul- 
pable; censurable. 
REPREHE'NSIBLENESS,rep-pre-hen'-se-bl-nes. 

n. s. Blamableness; culpableness. 
REPREHE'NSIBLY, rep-pre-hen'-se-ble. ad. Bla- 

mably ; culpably. 
REPREHE'NSION, rep-pre-hen'-shfin. n. s. [repre- 

hensio, Lat.| Reproof; open blame. Bacon. 
REPREHE'NSIVE, rep-pre-hen'-sfv. a. Given to 
reproof. Containing reproof. South. 
773 



REP 
















REP 


O j 559.- 


-Fate, 


fir, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, 


met, 


— pine 


pin;— 



5fb REPRESENT §, rep-pre-zent'. v. «. [^rcesenfo, 
Lat.; represents, Fr.] To exhibit, as if the thing 
exhibited were present. Milton. To describe 3 to 
show in any particular character. Addison. To 
fill the place of another by a vicarious character; 
to personate : as, The parliament represents the peo- 
ple. To exhibit 3 to show : as, The tragedy was 
represented very skilfully. To show by modest 
arguments or narrations. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

REPRESENTANCE*, rep-pre-zen'-tanse. n. s. 
Representation; likeness. Donne. 

REPRESENTANT*, rep-pre-zen'-tant. n. s. One 
exercising the vicarious power given by another. 
Wotton. 

REPRESENTATION, rep-pre-zen-ta/-shnii. n. s. 
[Fr.J Image; likeness. Stillingfleet. Act of sup- 
porting a vicarious character ; acting for others by 
deputation. Burke. Respectful declaration. Pub- 

• lick exhibition. Rymer. 

REPRESENTATIVE, rep-pre-zent'-a-tlv. 512. a. 
[representatif Fr.] Exhibiting a similitude. Atter- 
bury. Bearing the character or power of another. 
Swift 

REPRESENTATIVE, rep-pre-zent'4-tfv. n.s. One 
exhibiting the likeness of another. Addison. One 
exercising the vicarious power given by another. 
Blount. That by which any thing is shown. 

REPRESENTATIVELY*, rep-pre-zgnt'-a-tfv-le. 
ad. In the character of another ; by a representa- 
tive. Barrow. Vicariously} by legal delegacy. 
Sir E. Sandys. <- 

REPRESENTER, rep-pre-zent' -fir. n. s. One who 
shows or exhibits. Brown. One who bears a vica- 
rious character; one who acts for another by depu- 
tation. Swift. 

REPRESENTMENT, rep-pre-zenl'-ment. n. s. 
Image or idea proposed, as exhibiting the likeness 
of something. Bp. Taylor. 

To REPRESS §, re-pres''. v. a. [repressus, Lat.] To 
crush ; to put down ; to subdue. Bacon. 

REPRESS, re-preV. 11. s. Repression ; but proba- 
bly for redress. Government of the Tongue. Ob. J. 

REPRESSER*, re-preV-sfir. n. s. One who re- 
presses. Sherwood. 

REPRESSION, re-prgsh'-fin. n. s. Act of repress- 
ing. King Charles. 

REPRESSIVE, re-preV-sk. 158. a. Having power 
to repress ; acting to repress. 

REPRIF/VAL'Ve-pre'-val. n.s. Respite. Overbury. 

To REPRIEVE §, re-preev'. 275. v. a. [rejvendre, 
repris, Fr.] To respite after sentence of death ; to 
give a respite. Shakspeare. 

REPRIEVE, re-preev'. n. s. Respite after sentence 
of death. Shakspeare. 

To REPRIMAND §, rep-pre-mand'. 79. v. a. [repri- 1 
mander, Fr. ; reprimo, Lat.] To chide ; to check ; 
to reprehend ; to reprove. Arbuthnot. 

REPRIMAND, rep-pre-mand'. [rep'-pre-mand, 
Perry and Jones.] u. s. [reprimande, reprimende, 
Fr.] Reproof; reprehension. Addison. 

To REPRINT, re-print', v. a. To renew the im- 
pression of any thing. South. To print a new 
edition. Pope. 

REPRINT*, re-print', n. s. A reimpression. 

REPRISAL, re-prl'-zal. 88. n.s. [represalia, low 
Lat. ; represaille, Fr.] Something seized by way 
of retaliation for robbery or injury. Hayward. 

REPRISES, re-prlze'. n. s. [reprise, Fr.]' The act 
of taking something in retaliation of injury. Dry- 
den. [In law.] An annual deduction, or duty, paid 
out of a manor or lands. 

To REPRISE*, reprize', v. a. [reprendre, repris, 
Fr.] To take again. Spenser. To recompense; 
to pay in any manner. Grant. 

To REPROACH*, re-pr6tsh'. v. a. [reprocher, Fr.] 
To censure in opprobrious terms, as a crime. Dry- 
den. To charge with a fault in severe language. 
1 Pet. iv. To upbraid in general. Rogers. 

REPROACH, re-pr6tsh'. 295. n. s. [reproche, Fr.] 
Censure ; infamy ; shame. Spenser. 

REPROACHABLE, re-pr6tsh'4-bl. a. [repudia- 



ble, Fr.] Worthy of reproach. Opprobrious: scur 
rilous. Sir T. Elyot. 
REPROACHFUL, re-protsh'-f&l. a. Scurrilous ; op- 
probrious. Sliak. Shameful ; infamous j vile. Ham- 
mond. 
REPROACHFULLY, re-pr6tsh'-ful-e. ad. Oppro- 
briously; ignominiously; scurrilously. 1 Tim. v. 
Shamefully ; infamously. 
RE'PROBATES, rep'-pr6-bate. a. [reprobus, Lat.] 

Lost to virtue; lost to grace; abandoned. Tit. i. 
REPROBATE, rep'-pro-bate. n. s. A man lost to 
virtue ; a wretch abandoned to wickedness. Shak- 
speare. 
To RE'PROBATE, rep'-prd-bate. «• a.[reprobo, 
Lat.] To disallow; to reject. Avliffe. To aban- 
don to wickedness and eternal destruction. Ham- 
mond. To abandon to his sentence, without hope 
of pardon. Southerne. 
RE'PROBATENESS, rep'-pro-bate-nes. n. s. The 

state of being reprobate. 
RE'PROBATER*, rep'-pr6-ba-tfir. n. s. One who 

reprobates. Noble. 
REPROBATION, rep-pr6-ba'-sh&n. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of abandoning, or state of being abandoned, to 
eternal destruction : the contrary to election. Ham- 
mond. A condemnatory sentence. Dryden. 
REPROBA'TIONER*, rep-pro-ba'-shun-ur. n. s. 
One who hastily abandons others to eternal de- 
struction. South. 
To REPRODUCER re-pr6-duse'. 530. v. a. To 

produce again ; to produce anew. Brown. 
REPRODUCER*, re-pr6-du'-sur. n. s. One who 

produces anew. Burke. 
REPRODUCTION, re-pr6-duk'-shfin. n.s. The act 

of producing anew. Boyle. 
REPROO'F, re-pr56P . n. s. Blame to the face ; rep- 
rehension. Sliak. Censure; slander. Ps. lxix. 
REPRO'VABLE, re-pr66v'-a-bl. a. Culpable ; bla- 

mable; worthy of reprehension. Bp. Taylor. 
To REPRO'VE §, re-pr66v'. v. a. [reprouver, Fr.] 
To blame; to censure. Psalm 1. To charge to the 
face with a fault ; to check; to chide ; to reprehend. 
Whitgift. To refute; to disprove. Shak. To 
blame for. Carew. 
REPRO'VER, re-pro6v'-fir. n. s. A reprehender; 

one that reproves. Locke. 
To REPRUNE, re-pr56n'. 339. v. a. To prune a 

second lime. Evelyn. 
RE'PTILE, rep'-tll. 140. a. [reptile, Lat.] Creeping 

upon many feet. Gay. 
RETTILE, rey-til. n. s. An animal that creeps upon 

many feet. Locke. 
REPUBLICAN, re-pfib'-le-kan. a. Placing the gov- 
ernment in the , people 3 approving this kind of 
fovernment. Burke. 
PUBLICAN, re-p&b'-le-kan. n. s. One who 
thinks a commonwealth without monarchy the best 
government. Addison. 
REPUBLICANISM* re-pfib'-le-kan-izm. ?i. s. At- 
tachment to a republican form of government 
Burke. 
REPUBLICATION*, re-pfib-le-ka'-shcin. n. s. Re- 
impression of a printed work. [In law.] A second 
publication ; an avowed renewal. Blackstone. 
REPU'BLICK §, re-p&b'-l?k. n. s. [respublica, Lat. j 
republique, Fr.] Commonwealth j state in which 
the power is lodged in more than one. Addison. 
Common interest j the publick. B. Jonson. 
REPUBLICK of Letters. The whole body of the 

people of study and learning. Clvambers. 
To REPUBLISH*, re-p&b^sh. v. a. To publish 

anew. Mountagu. 
REPUDIABLE, re-pfi'-de-a-bl, or re-pu'-je-a-bL 

293, 294, 376. a. Fit to be rejected. 
To REPUDIATE $, re-piV-de-ate, or re-pu'-je-ate. 
v. a. [repudio, Lat. 3 repudier, Fr.] To divorce, to 
reject ; to put away. Gov. of the Tongue. 
REPUDIATION, re-pfi-de-a'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] D- 

vorce ; rejection. Mai-tin. 
To REPU'GN $*,re-piW. 386. [See Impugn.] v.n. 
[repugno, Lat. 3 repugner, Fr.] To oppose 3 to make 
resistance. Sir T. Elyot. 
774 





REQ RES 




— no. move, nfir, not; — tube, tfib, bull J — 6rl ; — pound; — thin, THis. 



To RE I U'GN*, re-pone'. t\ a. To withstand ; to re- 

nst. Shakspeare. 
REPUGNANCE, re-pfig'-nanse. ) n. s. [repug- 
REPU GNANCY, re-pug -„A»-se. \ nance, Fr.] In- 
consistency; contrariety. Hooker. Reluctance; 

resistance. Sliak. Struggle of opposite passions. 

SouJh. Aversion } unwillingness. Ih-yden. 
REPUGN ANT $, re-p&g'.ndnt. a. [Fr.'; revugnmns, 

Lat.] Disobedient ; not obsequious. Shafc. Con- 

trarv ; opposite ; inconsistent. Perkins. 
REPUGNANTLY, re-pftg'-nant-le. ad. Contra- 
dictorily. Brown. 
To REPU'LLULATE, re-puF-UVlate. v. n. [re and 

pullulo, Lat.; repulluier, Fr.] To bud again. 

Howell. 
REPU'LSE ^re-pulse'. 177. n. s. [Fr. ; repulsa, Lat.] 

The condition of being driven off or put aside from 

anv attempt. Milton. 
To REPULSE, re-pulse', v. a. [repulsus, Lat.] To 

beat back ; to drive off. Knolles. 
REPU'LSER^re-pul'-sfir.n.s. One who beats back. 

Sherwood. 
REPULSION, re-poF-shun. 177. n. s. The act or 

power of driving off from itself. Arbuthnot. 
REPULSIVE, re-pQl'-slv. a. Driving off; having 

the power to beat back or drive off. Newton. 
To REPURCHASE, re-pnr'-tshas. v. a. [re and 

purchase.] To buy again. Shakspeare. 
RE'PUTABLE, rep'-pu-ta-bl. [See Academy.] a. 



The 



Honourable; not infamous. Rogers, 

RE'PUTABLENESS, rep -pi-la-bl-nes. n 
quality of a thing of good repute. 

REPUTABLY, rep'-pu-ta-ble. ad. Without dis- 
credit. Atterbury. 

REPUTATION, rep-u-ta'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Char- 
acter of good or bad. Addison. Credit ; honour. 
Shakspeare. 

To REPUTE $, re-pute'. v. a. [repuio, Lat. ; repjiter, 
Fr.] To hold ; to account ; to think. Sluxkspeare. 

REPU'TE, re-pute'. n. s. Character; reputation. 
Shakspeare. Established opinion. Milton. 

REPUTEDLY*, re-pu'-ted-le. ad. In common es- 
timation ; according to established opinion. Bar- 
row. 

REPUTELESS, re-pute'-les. a. Disreputable ; dis- 
graceful. ShaJcspeare. Ob. J. 

REQUE'ST $, re-kwest'. n.s. [requeste, Fr.] Peti- 
tion ; entreaty. Estlier. Demand ; repute ; credit ; 
state of being desired. ShaJcspeare. 

To REQUE'ST, re-kwest'. v. a. To ask; to solicit; 
to entreat. Knolles. 

REQUESTER, re-kwest'-ur. 98. n. s. Petitioner ; 
solicitor. Junius. 

To REQUFCKEN, re-kwlk'-kn. v. a. [re and 
quicken.] To reanimate. Slia/cspeare. 

REQUIEM, re'-kwe-em. n. s. [Lat. It is called 
requiem, because the introits in the masses for the 
dead begin with this word.] A hymn in which 
they implore for the dead requiem, or rest. S'nak. 
Rest ; quiet ; peace. South. 

REQUFETORY*, re-kwl'-e-tur-e. n. s. [requieiori- 
um, low Lat.] A sepulchre. Weerer. 

REQUPRABLE, re-kwl'-ra-bl. a. Fit to be re- 
quired. Hale. 

To REQUIRE $, re-kwlre'. v. a. [requiro, Lat. ; 
requirer. Fr.] To demand ; to ask a thing as of 
right. Spenser. To make necessary; to need. 1 I 
Sam. xxi. To request. Prov. xxx. 

REQUPRER* re-kwl'-rfir. n. s. One who requires. 
Huloet. 

RE QU1SITE$, rek'-we-zh. a.[requisitus, Lat.] Ne- 1 
cessary : needful ; required by the nature of things, i 
South. \ 

REQUISITE, rek'-we-zu. 154. ». s. Any thing ne- 
cessary. Dryden. 

RE'QUISITELY, rek'-we-z?t-le. ad. Necessarily ; in 
a requisite manner. Boyle. 

RE'QUISITENESS, rek'-we-z?t-n2s. n.s. Necessi- 
ty ; the state of being requisite. Boyle. 

REQUISITION*, rek-kwe-z?sh'-6n. n.s. [Fr.] De- 
mand ; application for a thing as of right. Lord 
Cliesterfield. 



REQUFSITFVE*, re-kwfc'-e-dv. a . Indicating de 

maud. Harris. 
REQUFSITORY*, re-kw?z'-e-t&r-e. a. [requisilus, 

Lat.] Sought for ; demanded. Summary on Du 
Bartas. 
REQUI'TAL, re-kwl'-tal. 88. n. s. Return for any 

good or bad office; retaliation. Hooker. Return} 

reciprocal action. Waller. Reward ; recompense. 

Milton. 
To REQUITE §, re-kwlte'. v. a. [requiter, Fr.] To 

repay ; to retaliate good or ill ; to recompense. 

Gen. 1. To do or give in reciprocation. 1 Sam. xxv. 

REQUITER*, re-kwl'-t&r. n. s. One who requites. 

Borrow. 
RE'REMOUSE, reer'-moflse. n. s. [hjiepemu r , 

Sax.] A bat. See Rearmouse. 
REREWARDt, rerc'-ward. n.s. The rear or last 

troop. 
To RESAFL, re-sale', v. a. To sail back. Pope. 
RES A'LE, re'-sale. n. s. Sale at second hand. Bacon 
To RESALU'TE, re-sa-lute'. v. a. [resaluto, Lat. ; 

resaluer, Fr.] To salute or greet anew. Chapman. 

To return a salutation to. Burton. 
To RESCFND, re-smd'. v. a. [rescindo, Lat. ; rescin 

der, Fr.] To cut off; to abrogate a law. Ham 

mond. 
RESCISSION §, re-s?zh'-nn. n. s. [Fr. ; rescissus, 

Lat.] The act of cutting off; abrogation. Ba- 
con. 
RESCISSORY, re-siz'-ziV-re. 512. a. Having the 

power to cut off, or abrogate. Selden. 
To RESCRFBE, re-skrlbe'. v. a. [rescribo, Lat.] To 

write back. Aylijfe. To write over again. Howell. 
RESCRIPT, re'-skript. n.s. [rescrit, Fr.; rescrip- 

tum, Lat.] Edict of an emperour. Bacon. 
RE'SCUABLE*, res'-ku-a-bl. a. [rescouable. old Fr.] 

That may be rescued. Guyton. 
To RESCUE §, res'-ku. v. a. [rescuo t low Lat.] To 

set free from any violence, confinement, or dan- 
ger. Spenser. 
RESCUE, reV-kili. n. s. [rescous, old Fr. ; rescussus T 

low Lat.] Deliverance from .violence, danger, or 

confinement. Shakspeare. 
RESCUER, res'-ku-fir. 98. n. s. One that rescues. 

Gay ton. 
RESEA'RCH §, re-sertsh': n.s. [recherche, Fr.] In- 
quiry; search. Glanrille. 
To RESEA'RCH, re-sertsh'. v. a. To examine j to 

inquire. Wotton. 
RESEA'RCHER*, re-sertsh'-ur. n. s. One who 

makes examination or inquiry. 
To RESEA'T, re-sete'. v. a. To seat again. Dryden. 
RESE'CTION*, re-sek'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Act of cut- 
ting or paring off. Cotgrave. 
To RESEFZE §*, re-seez'. v. a To seize, or lay 

hold on again. To reinstate. Spenser. 
RESEFZER, re-se'-z&r. 98. n. s. One that seizes 

again. 
RESEFZURE, re-se'-zhure. 452. n.s. Repeated 

seizure ; seizure a second time. Bacon. 
RESE'MBLABLE* re-zem'-bla-bl. a. That may 

be compared. Gower. Ob. T. 
RESE'AJBLANCES, re-zem'-blanse. n. s. [Fr.] 

Likeness ; similitude ; representation. Dryden. 

Something resembling. Hooker. 
To RESE'MBLE, re-zem'-bl. 445. v. a. [resembler, 

Fr.] To compare ; to represent as like something 

else. Raleigh. To be like ; to have likeness to 

Addison. 
To RESE'ND, re-send', v. a. To send back; to send 

again. Sliakspeare. 
To RESE'NT §, re-zgnt'. 445. v. a. [ressentir, Fr.] To 

take well or ill. Bacon. To take ill 3 to Consider 

as an injury or affront. Milion. 
RESE'NTER, re-zgnf-ur. 98. n. s. One who takes a 
thing well or ill. Barrow. One who feels injuries 
deeply. Wotton. 
RESE'NTFUL, re-zent'-ffll. a. Malignant; easily 
provoked to anger, and long retaining it. Johnson. 
RESE'NTINGLlVe-zent'-lng-le. ad. With deep 
sense ; with strong perception. More. With con- 
tinued ane:er. 



m 



RES 



RES 



OJ* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin 



RESE'NTIVE*, re-zen'-tlv. a. Quick to take ill ; 

easily excited to resentment. Tliomson. 
RESE'NTMENT, re-zgnt'-ment. n. s. [ressentiment, 
Fr.] Strong perception of good or ill. More. Deep 
sense of injury 5 anger long continued ; sometimes 
simply anger. Dryden. 
RESERVATION, rez-gr-va'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] Re- 
serve ; concealment of something in the mind. King 
C/iarks. Something kept back 5 something not 
given up. Sltak. Custody ; stale of being treas- 
ured up. Shakspeare. 

RESE'RVATIVE*, re-zgr'-va-tlv. a. Reserving. 
Cotgrave. Ob. T. 

RESE'RVATORY^e-zer'-va-tur-e.SlS. n.s. [re- 
servoir, Fr.] Place in which any thing is reserved 
or kent. Woodward. 
To RESE'RVE §, re-zerv'. 7). a. [reserrer, Fr. ; re- 
servo, Lat.] To keep in store ; to save to some 
other purpose. Spenser. To retain ; to keep ; to 
hold. Jer. iii. To lay up to a future time. 2 Pet. ii. 

RESE'RVE, re-z6rv'. n.s. Store kept untouched, 
or undiscovered. Locke. Something kept for exi- 
gence. Tillotson. Something concealed in the mind. 
Addison. Exception; prohibition. Milton. Ex- 
ception in favour. Rogers. Modesty; caution in 
personal behaviour. Prior. 

RESE'RVED, re-zervd'. 359. a. Modest; not loosely 
free. Walsh. Sullen; not open ; not frank. Dry- 
den. 

RESE'RVE DLY, re-zervd'-le. 364. ad. Not with 
frankness ; not with openness ; with reserve. Wood- 
ward Scrupulously ; coldly. Pope. 

RESE'RVEDNESS, re-zervd'-nes. n. s. Closeness; 
wanl of frankness ; want of openness. B. Jonson. 

RESE RVER, re-zer'-vfir. n. s. One that reserves. 
Wot'on. 

RESERVOI'R, r^z-er-vw5r / . n. s. [Fr.] Place 
wheie any thing is kept in store. Addison. 

To RESETTLE §, re-set'-il. v. a. To settle again. 
Swift. 

RESETTLEMENT, re-seY-tl-ment. n. s. The act 
of settling again. Norris. The state of settling 
again. Mortimer. 

RE'SIANCE. n. s. [reseance, Fr. ; reseancia, low 
Lat.] Residence ; abode ; dwelling. Baron. Re- 
siance and resiant. are now used only in law. 

RE'SIANT. a. Resident; present in a place. Spen- 

To RESFDE $, re-zlde'. 447. v. n. [resideo, Lat. ; 
resider, Fr.] To have abode; to live; to dwell; 
to be present. Milton, [resido, Lat.] To sink ; to 
subside ; to fall to the bottom. Boyle. 

RESIDENCE, rez'-e-dense. 445. ) n. s. [residence. 

RESIDENCY*, rez'-e-den-se. \ Fr.] Act of 
dwelling in a place. Hale. Place of abode ; dwel- 
ling. Shxik. [from resido, Lat.] That which set- 
tles at the bottom of liquors. Bacon. 

RESIDENT, rez'-e-dent. 445. a. [residens, Lat.] 
Dwelling or having abode in any place. Burnet. 
Fixed. Bp. Taylor. 

RESIDENT. reY-e-dent. n. s. An agent, minister, 
or officer residing in any distant place with the 
dignity of an ambassadouir. Addison. 

RESIDE NTIARY, rez-e-den'-sher-e. a. Holdin- 
residence. More. 

RESIDENTIARY*, rSz-e-den'-shgr-e. n. s. An ec- 
elesiastick who keeps a certain residence. Const, 
and Canons Eccl. 

RESIDER*, re-zl'-dur. n. s. One who resides in a 
particular place. Swift. 

RKSI'DUAL, re-zfd'-ju-al. 445. ) a. [residuum, haU 

RESIDUARY, re-z?d'-ju-ar-e. \ Relating to the 
residue; relating to the part remaining. Avliffe 

RESIDUE, rez'-ze-du. 443. n. s. [residu, Fr. j fresi- 
duum, Lat.] The remaining part ; that which is 
left. Arhuthnot. 

To RESIE'GE, re-sedje 7 v. a. [re and siege, Fr.] 

To seat a^ain ; to reinstate. See To Reseize. 
ToRESFGN^ re-zlne'. 445, 447. v. a. [resigner, 
Fr. ; resigno, Lat.] To give up a claim or posses- 
sion. Shak. To yield up. Brown. To give up in 
confidence. Tillotson. To submit ; particularly to 



submit to providence. Dnjden. To submit without 
resistance or murmur. Shakspeare. 

RESIGN*, re-zlne'. n. s. Resignation. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. Ob. T. 

RESIGNATION, rez-zlg-na'-shfln. n. s. [Fr.] The 
act of resigning or giving up a claim or posses- 
sion. Shak. Submission ; unresisting acquies- 
cence. Locke. Submission without murmur to the 
will of God. 

RESIGNEDLY* re-zi'-ned-le. ad. With resigna 
tion. 

RESFGNER. re-zl'-nfir. 98. n. s. One that resigns 

RESFGNMENT, re-zlne'-ment. n.s. Act of resign 
ing. Wotton. 

RESILIENCE $, re-zll'-e-ense. ) n. s. [resilio, Lat.] 

RESILIENCY*, re-zll'-e-en-se. \ The act of start 
ing or leaping back. Bacon. 

RESFLIENT, re-zlF-e-ent. 445. a. [resiliens, Lat.] 
Starting or springing back. 

RESILFTION, rez-e-1?sh'-fin. n.s. [resilio, Lat.] 
The act of springing back ; resilience. 

RE'SIN §, reV-m. 445. n.s. [resine, Fr. ; resina, Lat.] 
The fat, sulphurous parts of some vegetable, which 
is natural or procured by art, and will incorporate 
with oil or spirit, not an aqueous menstruum. 
Quincy. 

RE'SINOUS, rez'-ln-us. a. [resineux, Fr.] Contain- 
ing resin ; consisting of resin. Boyle. 

RE'SINOUSNESS, rez'-5n-us-nes. n.s. The quality 
of being resinous. 

RESIPFSCENCE, res-e-pfs'-sense. 510. n. s. [resi- 
piscentia, low Lat.] Wisdom after the fact; re- 
pentance. W. Mountague. 

To RESFST §, re-zlst'. 445, 447. t>. a. [resisto, Lat. ; 
resister, Fr.] To oppose; to act against. Ja. iv 
To not admit impression or force. Milton. 

To RESFST, re-zlst'. v. n. To make opposition. 
Shakspeare. 

RESFST ANCE, or RESFSTENCE, re-zist'-anse. 
n. s. [resistance. Fr.] The act of resisting ; oppo- 
sition. 1 Mac. The quality of not yielding to force 
or external impression. Bacon. 

RESFSTANT*, re-zjst'-ant. n.s. Whoever or what 
ever opposes or resists. Pearson. 

RESFSTER*, re-zist'-ur. n.s. One who makes op- 
position. Austin. 

RESISTIBFLITY, re-zk-e-bil'-e-te. n. s. Quality 
of resisting. Brown. Quality of being resistible 
Hammond. 

RESFSTIBLE, re-z?st'-e-bl. 405. a. That may be 
resisted. Hale. 

RESFSTIVE*, re-zlst'-lv. a. Having power to resist 
B. Jonson. 

RESISTLESS, re-zist'-les. a. Irresistible ; that can- 
not be opposed. Raleigh. That cannot resist; help 
less. Spenser. 

RESFSTLESSLY*, re-zist'-les-le. ad. So as not to 
be opposed or denied. Blackwall. 

RE'SOLUBLE, rez'-6-lu-bl. a. [resoluble, Fr. ; re 
and solubilis, Lat.] That may be melted or dis- 
solved. Boijle. 

23= I have placed the accent on the first syllable of thia 
word, for the same reason which induced me to place 
it on the first of dissoluble. 

1 have differed from some of our orthoe'pists in this ac- 
centuation, and the uncertainty that reigns among 
them will be a sufficient apology for having recourse to 
analogy, which is clearly shown by the accent which all 
of them place upon the second syllable of indissoluble. 
Dis'soluble, Sheridan, Ash, Buchanan, W. Johnston, 

Perry, Entick, Dr. Johnson's quarto. 
Dissol'uble, Ken rick, Barclay, Fenning, Bailey, John- 
son's folio. 
Res'oluble, Ash, Barclay, Fenning, Entick, Johnson's 
quarto. [Perry, Jones, Fulton and. 
Knight.] 
Resol'uble, Sheridan, Scott, Kenrick, Johnson's folio. 

W. 

RE'SOLUTE §, rez'-o-lute. a. [resolu, Fr.] Deter- 
mined; fixed; constant; steady; firm. Sliak. 

RE'SOLUTE*, rez'-o-lute. n. s. A determined per 
son ; one bent lo a particular purpose. Sliakspeare 

RE'SOLUTELY, rez'-6-lute-le. ai. Determinate^ s 
firmly ; constantly ; steadily. Roscommon. 
776 



RES 



RES 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— lube, tub, bull ; — dil ;— pound ;—thm, thjs. 



UE SOLUTENESS, rez'-o-lute-ufc. 
raiuateness; state of being fixed 



.t. Deter 
resolution 

RESOLUTION, rfz-6-hV-shun. n. s. [resoliUio, Let.] 
Act of clearing difficulties. Brown. Analysis ; act 
of separating any tliingr into constituent parts. Hale. 
Dissolution. Digbu. [from resolute.] Fixed deter- 
mination ; settled thought. Shak. Constancy ; firm- 
ness; steadiness in good or bad. Sidney. Deter- 
mination of a cause in courts of justice. Hale. 

RESOLU'TIONER* reVo-lu'-shfin-fir. n. s. One 
who joins in the declaration of others. Burnet. 

RE SOLUTIVE, re-?dl'-u-tiv. 512 a. [resolutif Fr.] 
Haying the power to dissolve or relax. 

RESOLVABLE, re-z6F-va-bl.445. a. That maybe 
referred or reduced. South. Dissoluble ; admitting 
separation of parts. Arbidhnot. Capable of solu- 
tion or of be'ng made less obscure. Brown. 
To RESOLVE^, re-zolv'. v. a. [resolvo, Lat.] To 
inform ; to free from a doubt or difficulty. Hooker. 
To solve ; to clear. Hooker. To settle "in an opin- 
ion. White. To fix in- a determination. Milton. 
To fix in constancy ; to confirm. Shak. To melt ; 
to dissolve ; to disperse. Bale. To relax; to lay at 
ease. Spenser. To analyze ; to reduce. Tillotson. 

To RESOLVE, re-zolv'. v.n. To determine; to 
decree within one's self. Milton. To melt; to be 
dissolved. Shak.^ To be settled in opinion. Locke. 

RESOLVE, re-zolv'. n. s. Resolution; fixed deter- 
mination. Shakspeare. 

RESO'LVEDLY, re^lv'-ed-le. 365. ad. With firm- 
ness and constancy. Grew. 

RESOLVEDNESS, re-zolv'-ed-nes. n.s. Resolu- 
tion; constancy; firmness. Decay of Chr . Piety . 

RESO LVENT, re-z6l'-v£nt. n. s. [resolvent, Lat.] 
That which has the power of causing solution. 
Wiseman. 

RESO'LVER, re-zolv'-ur. 98. n. s. One that forms a 
firm resolution. Hammond. Whoever or whatever 
solves or clears. Burnet. What dissolves; what 
separates parts ; what disperses. Boyle. 

RESONANCE, reV-z6-nanse. n.s. '[re 
Sound ; resound. Boyle. 

RE'SONANT, reV-z6-nant. 503. a. [Fr. ; resonans 
Lat.] Resounding. Milton. 

To RESO'RB $*, re-s6rb'. v. a. [resorbeo, Lat.] To 
swallow up. Young. 

RESO'RBENT* re-sSr'-bent. a. [resorbens, Lat.] 
Swallowing up. Wodhull. 

To RESO'RT^, re-zSrt'. v. n. [ressortir, Fr.] To 
have recourse. Clarendon. To go publickly. Mil- 
ton. To repair to. Wliite. To fall back. Hale, 

%J* Some speakers pronounce this word so as to rhyme 
with sport ; but, as this is not the most usual pronunci- 
ation, so it is not the most agreeable to analogy. That 
it is not the most usual appears from the testimony of 
Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Smith, W. Johnston, and Per- 
ry, [Jones, and Fulton and Knight,] who pronounce it 
as 1 have done. W. 

RESO'RT. re-z5rt y . n. s. Frequency ; assembty ; 

meeting. Dryden. Concourse; confluence. Swift. 

Act of visiting. Shak. [ressoit, Fr.] Movement ; 

active power; spring: a gallicism. Bacon. 
RESO'RTER, re-zort'-Gr. n. s. One that frequents, 

or visits. Shakspeare. 
To RESOUNDS, re-zfifind'. v. a. [resono, Lat. ; re- 

sonncr, Fr.] To echo ; to sound back ; to return as 

sound. Milton. To celebrate by sound. Peacluim. 

To sound ; to tell so as to be heard far. Pope. 
To RESOUND, re-zd&nd'. v. n. To be echoed 

back. South. To be much and loudly mentioned. 

Milton. 
To RESOUND, re'-sd&nd. 446. t». a. To sound again. 
RESOU'ND*. n.s. Echo ; return of sound. Beaumont. 
RESOU'RCE$. re-sirse'. 318. [See Source.] n.s. 

[ressource, Fr.] Some new or unexpected means 

that offer ; resort ; expedient. Dryden. 
RESOU'RCELESS*, re-sorse'-lgs. a. Wanting re- 
source. Burke. 
To RESO'W, re-s6'. v. a. To sow anew. Bacon. 
To RESPEA'K, re-speke'. v.n. [re and speak.] To 

answer. Shakspeare. 



[resono, Lat.] 



To RESPE'CT$, re-sp2kt'. v. a. [respectus, Lat.lTo 
regard; to have regard to. Shak. [respecter, Fr.] 
To consider with a lower degree of reverence. Sid- 
ney. To have relation to : as, The allusion respects 
an ancient custom. To look toward. Brown. 

RESPE'CT, re-spgkt'. n. s. [Fr. ; respectus, Lat.] 
Regard ; attention. Shak. Reverence ; honour. 
Nelson. Awful kindness. Locke. Goodwill. Gen. 
iv. Partial regard. Proverbs. Reverend charac- 
ter. Shak. Manner of treating others. Bacon. 
Consideration ; motive. Hooker. Relation ; re 
gard. Bacon. 

RESPECTABILITY*, re-spek-ta-b?l'-6-te. n. s. 
State or quality of being respectable. Cumberland. 

RESPECTABLE, re-sp£k'-ta-bl. a. [respectable, 
Fr.] Venerable ; meriting respect. Burke. 

§Cr This word, like several others of the same form, is 
frequently distorted by an accent on the first syllable. 
When there are no uncombinuble consonants in the lat- 
ter syllable, this accentuation is not improper ; as des- 
picable, disputable, preferable, &.c; but, when conso- 
nants of so different an organ as ct and pt occur in the 
penultimate and antepenultimate syllables of words 
without the accent, the difficulty of pronouncing them 
is a sufficient reason for placing the accent on them in 
order to assist the pronunciation ; and, accordingly, we 
find almost every word of this form has the accent upon 
these letters : as delectable, destructible, perceptible, 
susceptible, discerptible, <fcc. ; besides, as it contributes 
greatly to place the accent on the most significant part 
of the word, when other reasons do not forbid, this 
ought to determine us to lay the stress upon the second 
syllable of the word in question. This is the accentua- 
tion of Mr. Scott, Mr. Buchanan, W. Johnston, Bailey, 
and Entick ; and if Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, 
Dr. Kenrick, Barclay, Fenning, and Perry, had inserted 
the word in their dictionaries, they would, in all proba- 
bility, have accented the word in the same manner. 
Since the first edition of this dictionary, I see this is the 
case with the quarto edition of Dr. Johnson. — See Ac- 
ceptable, Corruptible, and Irrefragable. W. 

RESPE'CT ABLY*, re-spek'-ta-ble. ad. With re- 
spect ; so as to merit respect. 

RESPE'CTABLENESS* re-spek'-ta-bl-ngs. n. s. 
State or quality of being respectable. 

RESPE'CTER, re-spgkt'-ur. 98. n. s. One that has 
partial regard. Swift. 

RESPECTFUL, re-sp£kt'-ful. a. Ceremonious ; 
full of outward civilitv. Prior. 

RESPE'CTFULLY, re-spekt'-ful-e. ad. With some 
degree of reverence. Dnjden. 

RESPECTFULNESS, re-spekt'-ful-nes. n. s. The 
quality of being respectful. 

RESPECTIVE, re-spek'-tiv. 512. a. Particular ; re- 
lating to particular persons or things. Burnet, 
[respeclif Fr.] Relative; not absolute. Rogers. 
Worthy of reverence. Shakspeare. Careful ; cau- 
tious ; attentive to consequences. Hooker. 

RESPECTIVELY, re-spek'-tlv-le. ad. Particular- 
ly; as each belongs to each. Bacon. Relatively; 
not absolutely. Raleigh. Partially ; with respect 
to private views. Hooker. With great reverence. 
Shakspeare. 

RESPECTLESS*, re-sp§kt'-les. a. Having no re- 
spect ; without regard ; without consideration ; 
without reverence. Drayton. 

RESPECTLESSNESS*, re-spekt'-les-ngs. n. s 
Slate of being respectless ; inattention ; regard- 
lessness. Shelton. 

To RESPE'RSE$*, re-sperse'. v. a. [respersus, Lat.] 
To sprinkle ; to disperse in small masses. Bp. 
Taylor. 

RESPE'RSION, re-sper'-shfin. n.s. [respersio, Lat.] 
The act of sprinkling. 

RESPIRA'TION, rgs-pe-ra'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; respi- 
ratio, Lat.] The act of breathing. Bacon. Relief 
from toil. Milton. Interval. Bp.Hall. 

To RESPIRES, re-spire', v.n. [respiro, Lat. ; res- 
pirer, Fr.] To breathe. Dryden. To catch breath. 
Spenser. To rest ; to take rest from toil. Pope. 

To RESPI'RE*, re-spire', v. a. To breathe out ; to 
send out in exhalations. B. Jonson. 

RESPI'RABLE*, re-spi'-ra-bl. a. That can re- 
spire. 

777 



RES 



RES 



ID" 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin l 



RESPI'RATORYVe-spl'-ra-tar-e. a. Having pow- 
er to respire. Hunter. 

RESPITE $, res'-pit. 140. n. s. [respit, Fr.] Reprieve ; 
suspension of a capital sentence. Milton. Pause 5 
interval. Spenser. 

To RESPITE, res'-plt. v. a. To relieve by a pause. 
Milton, [respiter, old Fr.] To suspend 5 to delay. 
Clarendon. 

RESPLENDENCE, re-splen'-dense. \ n. s. Lus- 

RESPLENDENCY, re-splen'-den-se. \ tre ; bright- 
ness; splendour. Milton. 

RESPLENDENT §, re-splen'-dent. a. [resplendens, 
Lat.] Bright ; shining ; having a beautiful lustre. 
Camden. 

RESPLENDENTLY, re-s P len'-dent-le. ad. With 
lustre ; brightly ; splendidly. 

To RESPO'ND §, re-spond'. v. n. [respondeo, Lat.] 
To answer. Oldisworlh. To correspond ; to suit. 
Broome. 

RESPO'ND*, re-sp&nd'. n. s. A short anthem, inter- 
rupting the middle of a chapter, which is not to 
proceed till the anthem is done. Whealley. 

RESPONDENT, re-sp&nd -ent. n. s. [respondent, 
Lat.] An answerer in a suit. Ayliffe. One whose 
province, in a set disputation, is "to refute objec- 
tions. More. 

RESPONSAL*. re-sp&n'-sal. a. Answerable; re- 

Sonsible. Heylin. 
SPOUSAL* re-sp&n'-sal. n. s. One responsible 
for another person. Barrow. Response. Bre- 
vint. 

RESPONSE, re-sponse'. n. s. [responsum, Lat.] 
An answer ; commonly an oraculous answer. Gov. 
oftlve Tongue, [respons, Fr.] Answer made by the 
congregation, speaking alternately with the priest 
in publick worship. Addison. Reply to an objec- 
tion in a formal disputation. Watts. 

RESPONSIBILITY*, rc-sp&n-se-bll'-e-te.ra.s. [re- 
sponsibilite, Fr.] State of being' accountable or an- 
swerable. Burke. 

RESPONSIBLE, re-sp&n'-se-bl. a. [respansus, Lat.] 
Answerable ; accountable. Hammond. Capable 
of discharging an obligation. Locke. 

RESPONSIBLENESS, re-sp&n'-se-bl-nes. n. s. 
Slate of being obliged or qualified to answer. 

RESPONSION, re-sp&nf-shfin. n. s. [responsio, 
Lat.] The act of answering. 

RESPONSIVE, re-sp&n'-slv. «. [responsif Fr.] An- 
swering; making answer. Ayliffe. Correspond- 
ent ; suited to something else. Fenton. 

RESPONSORY, re-sp&n'-sfir-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [responsorius, Lat.] Containing answer. 

RESPONSORY*, re-spon'-sfir-e. n. s. Response ; 
responsal. Crashaw. 

RESTS, r£st. n. s. [pert, Sax.] Sleep; repose. 
Milton. The final sleep ; the quietness of death. 
Dnjden. Stillness ; cessation or absence of motion. 
Bacon. Quiet ; peace ; cessation from disturbance. 
St. Matt. xi. Cessation from bodily labour. Job, 
iii. Support ; that on which any thing leans or 
rests. Bacon. Place of repose. Milton. Final 
hope. Bacon, [reste, Fr. ; quod restat, Lat.] Re- 
mainder ; what remains. Tillotson. [In musick.J 
An interval, during which the sound or voice is in- 
termitted. Avison. [In poetry.] A pause or rest of 
the voice ; a caesura. 

REST, rh\. n. s. [restes, Fr. ; quod restat, Lat.] Oth- 
ers ; those not included in any proposition. Abbot. 
To REST, rest. v. n. [per'tan, Sax.] To sleep ; to 
be asleep ; to slumber. Milton. To sleep the final 
sleep ; to die. Job, iii. To be at quiet ; to be at 

Eeace ; to be without disturbance. Isaiah, lvii. To 
e without motion ; to be still. Milton. To be fix- 
ed in any slate or opinion. Prov. vi. To cease 
from labour. Exod. xxiii. To be satisfied ; to ac- 
quiesce. Addison. To lean ; to recline for support 
or quiet. Dryden. [resio, Lat. ; rester, Fr.] To be 
left ; to remain. Milton. 

To REST, r£st. ». a. To lay to rest. Dryden. To 
place as on a support. Waller. 

RESTA'GNANT, re-stag'-nant. a. [restagnans, 
Lat.] Remaining without flow or motion. Boyle. 



ToRESTA'GNATES, re-stag'-nate. v.n. [re and 

stagnate] To stand without flow. Wiseman 
RESTAGNA'TION, re-stag-na'-sh&n. n. s. The 

slate of standing without flow, course or motion 
RESTAURA'TION, rgs-la-ra'-shan. n. s. [restauro, 

Lat.] The act of recovering to the former state. 

Hoo/cer. 
To RESTE'M, re-stem', v. a. [re and stem.] To 

force back against the current. Shakspeare. 
RESTFUL, rest'-fal. a. Quiet; being at rest. 

Shakspeare. 
RESTFULLY*, rest'-f&l-le. ad. In a state of quiet. 

Sir T. Ehjot. 
RESTHA'RROW, rest-har'-r&. n. s. A plant. 
RESTIFFS, res'-uf. a. [restif, Fr.; restivo, Ital.] 

Unwilling to stir ; resolute against going forward ; 

obstinate ; stubborn. Dryden. Being at rest ; be- 
ing less in motion. Brown. 

#Cf* There is a deviation from propriety in the use of this 
word almost too vulgar to deserve notice, and that is 
denominating any thing stubborn or unruly rusty. 
Shakspeare, Swift, and Davenant, as we see in John- 
son, have used the word resty .- but this is an evident 
corruption of the French word restif, and should be to- 
tally laid aside. W. 

RESTIFFNESS, res'-tif-nes. n. s. Obstinate reluc- 
tance. Bacon. 

RESTINCTION, re-stfngk'-shfin. n. s. [restinctus, 
Lat.] The act of extinguishing. 

RESTTNGPLACE*, rest'-mg-plase. n. s. A place 
of rest. Coventry. 

7\>RESTINGUISH $*, re-stfng'-gwlsh. v. a. [restin- 
guo, Lat.] To extinguish. Dr. Field. 

To RESTITUTES*, res'-te-tute. v. a. [restitutus, 
restituo. Lat.] To recover to a former state. Dyer. 

RESTITUTION, r£s-te-ti!i'-shan. n. s. [restitutio, 
Lat.] The act of restoring what is lost or taken 
away. Spenser. The act of recovering its former 
state or posture. Grew. 

RESTITUTOR*, rgs'-te-tA-t&r. n.s. [Lat.] A re- 
storer. Gayton. 

RESTP7E*, RESTP7ENESS* See Restiff, 
Restiffness. 

RESTLESS, rest'-les. a. [pe r fclea r , Sax.] Being 
without sleep. Dryden. Unquiet ; without peace. 
Milton. Unconstant ; unsettled. Fairfax. Not 
still ; in continual motion. Milton. 

RESTLESSLY, r2st'-les-le. ad, Without rest ; un- 
quietlv. South. 

RESTLESSNESS, rest'-les-nes. n. s. Want of sleep. 
Harvey. Want of rest; unq'uietness. Herbert. 
Motion ; agitation. Boyle. 

RESTO'RABLE, re-sto'-ra-bl. a. What may be re- 
stored. Swift. 

RESTO'RAL*, re-sto'-ral. n.s. Restitution. Bar- 
row. 

RESTORATION, res-to-ra'-sh&n. n. s. The act of . 
replacing in a former state. Dryden. Recovery. 
Rogers. 

RESTORATIVE, re-st&'-ra-tiv. a. That which has 
the power to recruit life. Milton. 

RESTO'RATIVE, re-slo'-ra-tlv. 512. n. s. A medi 
cine that has the power of recruiting life. South. 

To RESTORER re-st&re'. v. a. [restaurer, Fr. ; 
restauro, Lat.] To give back what has been lost or 
taken away. Gen. xx. To bring back. Dryden. 
To retrieve ; to bring back from degeneration, de 
clension, or ruin, to its former state. Milton. To 
cure ; to recover from disease. Granville. To re- 
cover passages in books from corruption. 

RESTORE*, re-store', n. s. Restoration Spenser. 
Ob. T. 

RESTO'RER, re-sto'-rfir. 98. n. s. One that restores ; 
one that recovers the lost, or repairs the decayed. 
Milton. 

To RESTRAINS, re-strane'. v. a. [restreindre, Fr.] 
To withhold ; to keep in. Shak. To repress ; to 
keep in awe. Locke. To suppress ; to hinder ; to 
repress. Shak. To abridge. Clarendon. To hold 
in. Shak. To limit ; to confine. Hooker. 

RESTRAIN ABLE, re-stra'-na-bl. a Capable to be 
restrained. Brown. 

Tin 



RET 



RET 



— n6, mdve, n6r, not; — tube, tflb, boll ; — 611; — p6und; — th'm, THi 



RESTRAI NEDLY, re-stra'-ned-le. 365. ad. With 

restraint ; without latitude. Hammond. 
RESTRAI'NER, re-stra'-nftr. 202. n. s. One that 

restrains ; one that withholds. Broun. 
RESTRAINT, re-strant'. n. s. [restreint, Fr.] 
Abridgement of liberty. Shak. Prohibition. Mil- 
ton. Limitation ; restriction. Brown. Repression ; 
hinderance of will ; act of withholding ; state of 
being withheld. 1 Sam. xiv. 
To RESTRICTS, re-strlkt'. v. a. [restricts, Lat.] 

To limit ; to confine. Arbuthnot. 
RESTRICTION, r£-strlk'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Confine- 
ment ; limitation. Government of the Tongue. 
RESTRICTIVE, re-strlk'-tiv. a. Expressing limita- 
tion. Stilling -fleet, [restrictif Fr.] Styptick; as- 
tringent. Wiseman. 
RESTRICTIVELY, re-strik'-tlv-le. ad. With limi- 
tation. Gox'ernment oftlie Tongue. 
To RESTRI'NGE§, re-strlnje'. v. a. [restnngo, 

Lat.] To confine ; to contract ; to astringe. 
RESTRI'NGENCY*, re-strln'-jen-se. n. s. The 

power of contracting. Sir W. Petty. 
RESTRI'NGENT, re-strln'-jent. n.s. [restringens, 
Lat.J That which hath the power of contracting ; 
stvptick. Harvey. 
To RESTRI'VE*, re-strlve'. v. n. To strive anew. 

Sir E. Sackrille. 
RE STY, res'-te. a. [restiff, Fr.] Obstinate in stand- 
ins: still ; restiff. M ; 'ton. See Restiff. 
RESUBJECTION*, rks&b-jek'-sh&n. n.s. A second 

subjection. Bp. Ha! I. 
To RESUBLI'ME, re-sub-llme'. v. a. To sublime 

another time. Newton. 
RESUDA'TION*, re-su-da'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr. ; resu- 

datus, Lat.] Act of sweating out again. 
To RESU'LT §, re-zult'. 445. v.n. [resulto, Lat.] 
To fly back. Pope, [resulter, Fr.] To rise as aeon- 
sequence ; to be produced as the effect of causes 
jointly concurring. Bacon. To arise as a conclu- 
sion from premises. 
RESU'LT, re-zult'. n. s. Resilience ; act of flying 
back. Bacon. Consequence; effect produced by 
the concurrence of co-operating causes. King 
Charles. Inference from premises. South. Re- 
solve ; decision. Swift. 
RESU'LT ANCE, re-z&l'-lanse. n. s. [Fr.] The act 

of resulting. Ld. Herbert. 
RESU'MABLE, re-zu'-ma-bl. a. What may be tak- 
en back. Hale. 
To RESU'ME§, re-zume'. 445. *>. a. [resmno, 
Lat.] To take back what has been given. 
Denham. To take back what has been taken 
away. Sliak. To take again. Milton. To be- 
gin again what was broken oft'. Henry. Ld. 
Clarendon. 
RESUMPTION, re-zum'-shfin. 412. n.s. [resnmp- 
tion. Fr. ; resumptus, Lat.] The act of resuming. 
Denham. 
RESUMPTIVE, re-zum'-tlv. a. [resumptus, Lat.] 

Taking back. 
RESUPINA'TION, re-su-pe-na'-shtm. 446. n. s. 
[resupino, Lat.] The act of lying on the back. 
Wotton. 
To RESURVEY', re-sur-va'. v. a. To review; to 

survev again. Sliakspeare. 
RESURRECTION, rez-ur-rek'-sh&n. 445. n. s. 
[Fr. ; resurrectum, Lat.] Revival from the dead ; 
return from the grave. Acts, iv. 
To RESUSCITATES, re-sus'-se-tate. 446. v. a. 
[resuscito, Lat. ; resusciter, Fr.] To stir up anew ; 
to revive. Bacon. 
To RESU'SCITATE* re-sfis'-se-tate. v. n. To 

awaken ; to revive. Felilmm. 
RESUSCITA'TION, re-sus-se-ta'-sh&n. n. s. The 
act of stirring up anew ; the act of reviving, or 
state of being revived. Bp. Hall. 
RESU'SCITATIVE* re-sus'-se-ta-tlv. a. [resuscita- 
tif, Fr.] Reviving; raising from death to life. 
Cotgrave. 
To RET ALL §, re-talc'. 202. w. a. [relailler, old Fr.] 
To sell in small quantities ; in consequence of sell- 
ing at second hand. Locke. To sell at second 



hand. Pope. To tell in broken parts, or at second 
hand. Sliakspeare. 

05" This verb and noun may be classed with those in 
Principles, No. 492; though the verb is sometimes ac- 
cented on the first syllable, and the noun on tho last. 
W. 

RETAI'L, re'-tale. n.s. Sale by small quantities, or 
at second hand. Dri/den. 

RETAI'LER, re-ta'-]ftr. n.s. One who sells by small 
quantities. Hakewill. One who tells in broken 
parts, or at second hand. Coventry. 

ToRETAI'Ny, re-tane'. 202. v. a. [retineo, Lat. ; 
retenir, Fr.] To keep; not to lose. Shak. To 
keep ; not to lay aside. Rom. i. To keep ; not to 
dismiss. Philem. xiii. To keep in pay ; to hire. 
Addison. To withhold ; to keep back. Temple. 

To RETAI'N, re-tane'. v. n. To belong to ; to de- 
pend on. Boyle. To keep ; to continue. Donne. 

RETAI'NER, re-ta'-nfir. 98. n. s. An adherent ; a 
dependant ; a hanger-on. Swift. In common law, 
retainer signifieth a servant not menial nor familiar, 
that is, not dwelling in his house, but only using or 
bearing his name or livery. Cowel. The act of 
keeping dependants, or being in dependence. Ba- 
con. One that retains, or loses not. Swift. A re- 
taining fee ; a fee advanced to counsel to retain his 
services in a trial. Bp. Home. 
To RETA'KE, re-take', r. a. To take again. Clar- 
endon. 
To RETALIATES, re-tal'-e-ate. 113. v. a. [re and 
talio, Lat.] To return by giving like for like ; to 
repay ; to requite. Sir T. Herbert. 



I RETALIATION, re-tal-e-a'-shun. n.s. Requital; 
' return of like for like. South. 
| To RETA'RDS, re-tard'. v. a. [retardo, Lat. ; re- 
tarder, Fr.] To hinder ; to obstruct in swiftness of 
course. Denham. To delav ; to put off. Dry den. 

To RETA'RD. re-tard'. v. n. To stay back. Brown. 

RETARD A'TION, ret-tar-da'-shdn. 530. n. s. [Fr.] 
Hinderance ; the act of delaving. Bacon. 

RETA'RDER, re-tard'-ur. 98. n.s. Hinderer; ob- 
structed Glanville. 

RETA'RDMENT*, re-tard'-ment. n. s. Act of de- 
laving' or keeping back. Cowley. 

To RETCH, retsh, or retsh. v. n. [hnaecan, Sax.] 
To force up something from the stomach : com- 
monly written reach. 

J)^ This word is derived from the same Saxon original ai 
the verb to reach, and seems to signify the same action ; 
the one implying the extension of the arm, and the 
other of the throat or lungs. No good reason, therefore, 
appears either for spelling or pronouncing them differ- 
ently; and, though Dr. Johnson has made a distinction 
in the orthography, the pronunciation of both is gene- 
rally the same. W. 

RE'TCHLESS, retsh'-les. a. See Reckless. Care- 
less. Drifden. 

RETE'CTION, re-lek'-shfin. n.s. [retectus, Lat.] 
The act of discovering to the view. Boyle. 

RETE'NTION, re-ten'-shun. 7i.s. [Fr. ; retentio, 
Lat.] The act of retaining; the power of retaining. 
Bacon. Retention and retentive faculty is that 
state of contraction in their solid parts, which 
" makes them hold fast their proper contents. Quin- 
cy. Memory. South. The act of withholding any 
thing. Sliak. Custody; confinement; restraint. 
Sliakspeare. 

RETE'NTIVE §, re-ten'-tlv. a. [retentif Fr.] Hav- 
ing the power of retention. Hooker. Having 
memory. Glanville. 

RETE'NTIVE* re-ten'-tlv. n.s. Restraint. Bp 
Hall. 

RETE'NTIVENESS, re-ten'-tlv-nes. n. s. Having 
the quality of retention. 

RE'TICENCE, ret'-te-sense. n.s. [Fr. ; reticentia, 
Lat.] Concealment by silence. Diet. 

RE'TICLES, ret'-te-kl. 405. n.s. [reticulum, Lat.] 
A small net. Diet. 

RETICULAR, re-tlk'-u-lar. a. Having the form of 
a small net. 

RETICULATED, re-tlk'-u-la-ted. a. [reticulatus, 
Lat.] Made of net-work ; formed with interstitial 
vacuities. Woodward. 

779 



RET 



RET 



(p=- 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mgt;— pine, pin: 



RE'TIFORM, reY-te-fdrm. a. [retiformis, Lat.] 

Having the form of a net. Ray. 
RETINA*, reV-e-na. n. s. [Lat.] One of the coats 

or tunicles of the eye. 
RETINUE, reY-e-nu, or re-t?n'-m!i. n.s. [retenue, Fr.] 

A number attending- upon a principal person ; a 

train ; a meiny. Sluikspeare. 

#5= This word was formerly always accented on the 
second syllable; but the antepenultimate accent, to 
which our language is so prone in simples of three syl- 
lables, has so generally obtained as to make it doubtful 
to which side the best usage inclines. Dr. Johnson, Sheri- 
dan, Ash, Kenrick, Nares, Bailey, and Fenning, accent 
the second syllable ; and Buchanan, W. Johnston, .Per- 
ry, Barclay, and Entick, the first. Scott accents both, 
but prefers the first. In this case, then, analogy ought 
to decide for placing the accent, on the first syllable. — 
See Principles, No. 535, and the word Revenue. W. 

ToRETFRE^, re-tlre'. v.n. [retirer, Fr.] Tore- 
treat ; to withdraw ; to go to a place of privacy. 
Davies. To retreat from danger. Jeremiah. To 
go from a publick station. Addison. To gooff from 
company. Arbutlmot. To withdraw for safety. 2 
Mace. V. 

ToRETFRE, re-tire', v. a. To withdraw ; to take 
away ; to make to retire. Sidney. 

RETFRE, re-tlre'. n. s. Retreat ; recession. Bacon. 
Retirement; place of privacy. Milton. Ob. J. 

RETFRED, re-tlr'd'. part. a. Secret ; private. B. 
Jonson. Withdrawn. Locke. 

RETFREDLY*, re-tlr'd' -le. ad. In solitude ; in pri- 
vacy. Sherwood. 

RETFREDNESS, re-tlr'd'-nSs. n.s. Solitude; pri- 
vacy ; secrecy. Bp. Hall. 

RETFREMENT, re-tlre'-mgnt. n.s. Private abode; 
secret habitation. Addison. Private way of life. 
Denham. Act of withdrawing. Milton. State of 
being withdrawn. Locke. 

RETOLD. re-t6ld'. part. pass, of retell. Sliakspeare. 

To RETO'RT§, re-t6rt'. v. a. [Fr.; retortus, Lat.] 
To throw back; to rebound. Shak. To return 
any argument, censure, or incivility. Hammond. 
To curve back. Bacon. 

RETORT, re-t6rt'. n.s. [retorte, Fr. ; retortum, 
Lat.] A censure or incivility returned. Shak. A 
chymical glass vessel with a bent neck, to which the 
receiver is fitted. Brown. 

RETO'RTER, re-tdrt'-fir. 98. n. s. One that retorts. 

RETO'RTING*. re-tdrt' -ing. n. s. Act of casting 
back, in the way of censure or incivility. Toiler. 

RETORTION, re-tor'-shun. n. s. The act of retort- 
ing. Spenser. 

To RETOSS, re-t6s' v. a. To toss back. Pope. 

To RETOU'CH, re-tutsh'. v. a. [retoucher, Fr.] To 
improve by new touches. Dryden. 

To RETRA'CE. re-trase'. v. a. [retracer, Fr.] To 
trace back ; to trace again. Dryden. 

To RETRA'CT §, re-trakt'. v. a. [relractus, Lat. ; re- 
trader, Fr.] To recall ; to recant. To take back ; 
to resume. Woodward. 

To RETRA'CT, re-trakt'. v.n. To uusay ; to with- 
draw concession. Granville. 

To RETRACTATE*, re-trak'-tate. v.a. [retracta- 
tus, Lat.] To recant; to unsay. Translators oftlie 
Bible. 

RETRACTATION, ret-trak-ta'-shfin. 530. n. s. 
[Fr. ; relraciatio, Lat.] Recantation ; change of 
opinion declared. Brown. 

RETRA'CTION, re-trak'-shun. n. s. [old Fr.] Act 
of withdrawing something advanced, or changing 
something done. Woodward. Recantation ; dec- 
laration of change of opinion. Sidney. Act of 
withdrawing a claim. King Charles. 

RETRACTIVE*, re-trak'-t?v. n. s. That which 
withdraws or takes from. Bp. Hall. 

RETRA'ICT, re-trate'. n.s. [retraicte, Fr.] Retreat. 
Bacon. Ob. J. 

RETRATT, re-trate'. n.s. [ritratto, Ital.] A cast of 
the countenance ; a picture. Spenser. Ob. J. 

RETRE'AT §, re-trete'. n. s. [retraite, Fr.] Act of 
retiring. Pope. State of privacy ; retirement. 
Pope. Place of privacy } retirement. Prior. 



Place of security. Milton. Act of retiring before a 
superiour force. Retreat is less than flisM. Bacon. 

To RETRE'AT, re-trete'. v.n. Togo to a private 
abode. To take shelter ; to go to a place of secu- 
rity. Spenser. To retire from a superiour enemy. 
To go back out of the fonner place. Milton 

RETRE'ATED, re-tre'-teU part. a. Retired ; gone 
to privacy. Milton. 

To RETRE'NCH §, re-trensh'. v. a. [retrancher, Fr.] 
To cut off; to pare away. Denliam. To confine. 
Addison. 

To RETRE'NCH, re-tr^sh'. v. n. To live with less 
magnificence or expense. Pope. 

RETRENCHING*, re-tr^nsh'-mg. n. s. A curtail 
ing ; a cutting out ; a purposed omission. Harris. 

RETRENCHMENT, re-trSnsh'-mgnt. n.s. [re- 
tranchement, Fr.] The act of lopping away . Dryden. 
Fortification. 

To RETRIBUTE $, re-trib'-ute. [re-trib'-ute, Perry 
and Jones.] v.a. [retribuo, Lat. ; retribuer, Fr.] To 
pay back ; to make repayment of. Sir T. Herbert. 

J)5= I have differed from Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, and 
almost all our orthoepists, in giving the accent to the 
second syllable of this word in preference to the first. 
But,while the verbs attribute, contribute, and distribute, 
have the penultimate accent, it seems absurd not to 
give retribute the same. W. 

RE'TRIBUTER, re-trib'-u-tur. n. s. One that 
makes retribution. 

RETRIBU'TION, rgt-tre-bu'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] Re- 
payment ; return accommodated to the action. 

Bacon. 



RETRFBUTIVE, re : trib'-u : tfv. 512. ) a. Repav- 
tur-e. $ ing ; mak- 



RETRFBUTOR'Y, re-trib'-r! 
ing repayment. Bp. Hall. 

RETRIE'VABLE, re-treev'-a-bl. a. That may be 
retrieved. Gray. 

7\>RETRIE'VE§, re-treev'. 275. v.a. [retrouver, 
Fr. ; ritrovare, Ital.] To recover ; to restore. 
Rogers. To repair. Prior. To regain. Dryden. 
To recall ; to bring back. Bp. Berkeley. 

RETRIE'VE*, re-treev'. n. s. A seeking again ; a 
discovery. B. Jonson. 

RETROACTION, ret-tr6-ak'-shun. n. s. [retrb, 
Lat. and action^ Action backward. 

RETROACTIVE*, ret-tro-ak'-tiv. a. Acting in re- 
gard to things past. Gibbon. 

RETROCE'SSION, ret-tro-s&h'-fln. 530. n. s. [re- 
trocessum, Lat.] The action of going back. More. 

RETROGRADA'TION, rgt-tr6-gra-da'-shun. 530. 
n.s. [Fr.l The act of going backward. Bp. Hall. 

RETROGRADE §, reV-tr6-grade. a. [retrograde, 
Fr. ; retro and gradior, Lat.] Going backward. 
Bacon. Contrary ; opposite. Shak. [In astrono- 
my.] Planets are retrograde, when, by their proper 
motion in the zodiack, they move backward, and 
contrary to the succession of the signs. Harris. 

To RE'TROGRADE, reV-tro-grade. v.n. [retro- 
grader, Fr.l To go backward. Bacon. 

RETROGRESSION, ret-tr6-greW-fin. 530. n.s. 
[retro and gressus, Lat.] The act of going back- 
wards. Brown. 

RETROMFNGENCY, ret-tr6-min'-je , n-se. n. s. [re- 
tro and mingo, Lat.] The quality of staling back- 
wards. Brmm. 

RETROMFNGENT, rfr-trO-mfn'-jent. n.s. An ani- 
mal staling backward. Brown. 

RE'TROSPECT §, reV-tr6-sp£kt. 530. n. s. [retro 
and specio, Lat.] Look thrown upon things behind 
or things past. Addison. 

RETROSPE'CTION, rgt-tro-sp£k'-shfin. 530. n. s. 
Act or faculty of looking backwards. Swift. 

RETROSPECTIVE, r£t-tr6-speV-tlv. 530. a. Look- 
ing backwards. Pope. 

To RETRU'DE*, re-trude'. v.n. [retrudo, Lat.] To 
thrust back. More. 

To RETU'ND, rotund', v.a. [relundo, Lat.] To 
blunt ; to turn. Ray. 

To RETU'RN $, re-turn', v. n. [retoumer, Fr.] To 

come again to the same place. Prov. xxvi. To 

come back to the same state. Locke. To go back. 

Locke. To make answer. ShaJc. To come back > 

780 



REV 



REV 



— n&, move, ndr, not;— tube, t&b, bflll; — All ;— pound ;— th\n, thjs. 



to come again ; to revisit. Milton. After a peri- 
odical revolution, to begin the same again. Milton. 
To retort ; to recriminate. Drx\den. 
To RETURN, re-turn', v.a. To repay ; to give in 
requital. 1 Sam. vi. To give back. 2 Chron. To 
send back. Milton. To give account of. Graunt. 
To transmit. Clarendon. 
RETU'RN, re-turn', n. s. Act of coming back to the 
same place. Shak. Retrogression. Act of coming 
back to the same state. 1 Kings, xx. Revolution; 
vicissitude. Bacon. Repayment of money laid out 
in commodities for sale. Bacon. Profit ; advan- 
tage. Bp. Taylor. Remittance 3 payment from a 
distant place. Locke, Repayment ; retribution ; 
requital. Dryden. Act of restoring or giving back; 
restitution. South. Relapse. Swift, [retour, Fr.] 
Either of the adjoining sides of the front of a house, 
or ground plot. Moxon. Report ; account : as, 
the sheriff's return ; the return of members of par- 
liament. Blackstone. [In law.] Certain days in 
every term are called r^um-days, or days in bank. 
Blackstone. 
RETURNABLE, re-uW-a-bl. a. Allowed to be 

reported back : a law term. Hale. 
RETU RNER, re-lfirn'-ur. 98. n. s. One who pays 

or remits money. Locke. 
RETU RNLESS, re-tfirn'-les. a. Admitting no re- 
turn ; irremeable. Chapman. 
REUNION, re-u'-ne-un. n. s. [reunion, Fr.] Return 
to a stale of juncture, cohesion, or concord. Donne. 
To REUNITE §, re-u-nlte'. v. a. [re and unite.] To 
join again; to make one whole a second time; to 
join what is divided. Shak. To reconcile; to 
make those at variance one. 
To REUNITE, re-u-nlte'. v. n. To cohere again. 
REUNITION*, re-u-nfsh'-un. n. s. Second conjunc- 
tion. Knatchbull. 
REVALUATION*, re-val-u-a'-shun. n.s. Afresh 

valuation. Sherwood. 
REVE, reve. n. s. The bailiff of a franchise or manor. 

See Reeve. C/iaucer. 
To REVEA'L $, re-vele'. 227. v. a. [revelo, Lat. ; re- 
veler, Fr.] To show ; to discover ; to lay open ; 
to disclose a secret. Ecclus. xli. To impart from 
heaven. Rom. viii. 
REVEA'LER, re-veMur. 98. n. s. Discoverer; one 
that shows or makes known. Brown. One that 
discovers to view. Dryden. 
REVEA'LMENT*, re-vele'-ment. n. s. The act of 

revealing. South. 
RE VETLLE*. ? n.s. [Fr.] The military notice by 
RE VETLLE'*. $ beat of drum, about day-break, 
that it is time to rise. Dryden. It is vulgarly pro- 
nounced revelly', with the accent on the last sylla- 
ble : our poets, old and modern, place it on the 
second. 
To RE'VEL §, rev'-el. v. n. [reveiller, Fr.] To feast 
with loose and clamorous merriment. Shakspeare. 
RE'VEL, rev'-eL n. s. A feast with loose and noisy 

jollity. Shakspeare. 
REVEL-ROUT, rev'-el-rout. n.s. A mob ; an un- 
lawful assembly of a rabble. Ainswortlu Tumul- 
tuous festivity. Rowe. 
ToREVE'L§, re-vel',492. v.a. [revello, Lat.] To 

retract ; to draw back. Harvey. 
REVELA'T[ON,rev-e-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Discov- 
ery ; communication ; communication of sacred 
and mysterious truths by a teacher from heaven. 
Decay of Chr. Piety. The apocalypse ; the pro- 
phecv of St. John, revealing future things. 
RESELLER, rev'-&-ur. n. s. One who feasts with 

noisy jollity; Shakspeare. 
RETELLING* rev'-£l-fng. n.s. Loose jollity ; rev- 
elry. 1 Pet. iv. 
REVELRY, rev -el-re. n.s. Loose jollity ; festive 

mirth. Shakspeare. 
TbREVE'NGE^, re-venje'. v.a. [revancher, Fr.] 
To return an injury. Pope. To vindicate by pun- 
ishment of an enemy. Dryden. To wreak one's 
wrongs on him that inflicted them. Shakspeare. 
REVENGE, re-venje'. 74. n. s. [revanche, Fr.] Re- 
turn of an injury. Deut. xxxii. The passion of 



vengeance ; desire of hurting one from whom hurt 
has teen received. Shak. Revenge is an act of 
passion; vengeance of justice. Injuries are re- 
venged ; crimes are avenged. 

REVENGEFUL, re-venje'-ful. a. Vindictive; full 
of revenge ; full of vengeance. Shakspeare. 

REVE'NGEFULLY,re-venje'-ful-le. ad. Vindictive- 
ly. Dryden. 

REVE'NGEFULNESS*, re-venje'-f&l-nes. n. s . 
Vindictiveness ; slate or quality of being revenge- 
ful. More. 

.REVE'NGELESS*, re-venje'-les. a. Unre venged 
Marston. 

REVE'NGEMENT, re-venjc'-mgnt. n. s. Ven 

feanre ; return of an injury. Spenser. 
VE'NGER, re-ven'-jur. 98. n. s. One who re- 
venges ; one who wreaks his own or another's in- 
juries. Spenser. One who punishes crimes. Bentley. 
REVE'NGINGLY, re-ven'-jing-le. ad. With ven- 
geance ; vindictively. Shakspeare. 
REVE'NUE, rev'-e-nu, or re-ven'-u. n. s. [revenu, 
Fr.] Income; annual profits received from lands or 
other funds. Spenser. 
§£?* This word seems as nearly balanced between the ac- 
cent on the first and second syllable as possible ; but as 
it is of the same form and origin as avenue and retinue, 
it ought to follow the same fortune. Retinue seems to 
have been long inclining to accent the first syllable, and 
avenue has decidedly done so, since Dr. Watts observed 
that it was sometimes accented on the second: and, by 
this retrocession of accent, as it may be called, we may 
easily foresee that these three words will uniformly 
yield to the antepenultimate accent, the favourite ac- 
cent of our language, conformably to the general rule, 
which accents simples of three syllables upon the first. 
Dr. Johnson, Mr. Nares, and Bailey, are for the accent 
on the second syllable ; but Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Bu- 
chanan, W. Johnston, Perry, Barclay, Fenning, and En- 
tick, accent the first. Mr. Sheridan [Jones, Fulton and 
Knight] gives both, but places the antepenultimate ac- 
cent first. 503.— See Conversant and Retinue. W. 
To REVE'RB, re-verb', v. a, [reverbero, Lat.] To 

resound ; to reverberate. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
REVE'RBERANT, re-veV-ber-ant. )a. Resoand- 
REVE'RBERATE*, re-ver'-ber-ate. $ ing; beating 

back. Shakspeare. 
To REVERBERATES, re-ver'-ber-ate. 555. v.a. 
[reverbero, Lat.] To beat back. Shak. To heat in 
an intense furnace, where the flame is reverberated 
upon the matter to be melted or cleaned. Brown. 
To REVE'RBERATE, re-ver'-ber-ate. v. n. To be 
driven back ; to bound back. Howell. To resound. 
Sliakspeare. 
REVERBERATION, re-ver-ber-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 

The act of beating or driving back. Bacon. 
REVE'RBERATORY,re-ver'-ber-a-tur-e. a. Re- 
turning ; beating back. Moxon. 
REVE'RBERATORY*, re-ver'-ber-a-tur-e. n. s. A 

reverberating furnace. Cotgrave. 
To REVE'RE, re-vere'. v. a. [reverer, Fr.; revereor, 
Lat.] To reverence ; to honour ; to venerate ; to 
regard with awe. Addison. 
RE' VERENCE §, rev'-er-^nse. n. s. [Fr. ; reverentia, 
Lat.] Veneration ; respect ; awful regard. Bacon. 
Act of obeisance; bow; courtesy-. Dryden. Tille 
of the clergy. Shakspeare. Poetical title of a 
father. Shakspeare. 
To RE'VERENCE, rev'-er-ense. v. a. To regard 
with reverence; to regard with awful respect. 
Milton. 
RE'VERENCER, rev'-gr-en-sur. n.s. One who re- 
gards with reverence. Swift. 
REVEREND, rev'-er-end' a. [Fr. ; reverendus, 
Lat.] Venerable ; deserving reverence ; exacting 
respect by his appearance. 2 Mace. xv. The hon- 
orary epithet of the clergy. We style a clergy- 
man, reverend ; a bishop, right reverend; an arch- 
bishop, most reverend. 
RE'VERENTS, reV-er-ent. a. [reverens, Lat.] Hun- 
ble ; expressing submission ; testifying veneration. 
Milton. 
REVERE'NTIAL, rev-er-en'-shal. a. [reverentielle, 
Fr.l Expressing reverence ; proceeding from awe 
and veneration. Donne. 
781 



REV 



REV 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, f&U, fat;— mi, met;— pine, pin ;- 



REVERENTIALLY, rev-eY-en'-shal-le. ad. With 
show of reverence. Brown. 

REVERENTLY, rev'-er-ent-le. ad. Respectfully ; 
with awe ; with reverence. SlwJcspeare. 

REVE'RER, re-ve'-rfir. n. s. One who venerates ; 
one who reveres. Gov. of the Tongue. 

REVERFE*. See Revert. 

REVE'RSAL, re-vers'-al. n. s. Change of sentence. 
Bacon. 

REVE'RSAL*, re-vers'-al. a. Implying reverse ; in- 
tended to reverse. Burnet. 

To REVE'RSE §, re-verse', n. a. [reverse?, old Fr. 5, 
reversus, Lat.] To turn upside down. Temple. To 
overturn ; to subvert. Pope. To turn back. Mil- 
ton. To contradict ; to repeal. Hooker. To turn 
to the contrary. Pope. To put each in the place of 
the other. Rogers. To recall ; to renew. Spenser. 

To REVE'RSE, re-v&rse'. v.n. [revertere, reversus, 
LaL] To return. Spenser. 

REVE'RSE, re-virse'. 431. n.s. Change; vicissitude. 
Dryden. A contrary ; an opposite. Addison, [re- 
vers, Fr.] The side of the coin on which the head is 
not impressed. Camden. 

REVE'RSEDLY*, re-ver'-sed-le. ad. In a reversed 
manner. Lowth. 

REVE'RSELESS*, re-verse'-l^s. a. Not to be re- 
versed; irreversible. Seward. 

REVE'RSELY*,re-verse'-le. ad. On the other hand; 
on the opposite. Pearson. 

REVE'RSIBLE, re-vers'-e-bl. a. [Fr.] Capable of 
being reversed. Hale. 

REVERSION, re-ver'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The state 
of being to be possessed after the death of the 
present possessor. Shak. Succession; right of 
succession. Clarendon. 

REVERSIONARY, re-ver'-shfin-a-re. a. To be 
enjoyed in succession. Arbidlmot. 

REVERSIONER*, re-ver'-shun-ur. n. s. One who 
has a reversion. Henry, Ld. Clarendon. 

To REVE'RT $, re-vert', v. a. [reverto, LatJ To 
change ; to turn to the contrary. Prior. To re- 
verberate. Thomson. 

To REVE'RT, re-ve^. v. n. [revertir, old Fr.] To 
return; to fall back. Bacon. 

REVE'RT, re-vert', n. s. Return ; recurrence : a 
musical term. Peacham. 

REVEHTIBLE, re-vert'-e-bl. a. Returnable. 

REVE'RTIVE*, re-veV-tlv. a. Changing; turning 
to the contrary. Thomson. 

REVERY', rev'-eV-e. n. s. [resverie, Fr.] Loose mus- 
ing ; irregular thought. Locke. 

55" This word seems to have been some years floating 
between the accent on the first and last syllable, but to 
have sealed at last on the former. It may still, how- 
ever, be reckoned among those words, which, if occa- 
sion require, admit of either. See Principles, No. 528. 
It may, perhaps, be necessary to observe, that some 
lexicographers have written this word reverie, instead 
of revery, and that, while it is thus written, we may 
place the accent either on the first or last syllable; but, 
if we place the accent on the last of revery, and pro- 
nounce the y like e, there arises an irregularity which 
forbids it; for y, with the accent on it, is never so pro- 
nounced. Dr. Johnson's orthography, therefore, with 
y in the last syllable, and Mr. Sheridan's accent on the 
first, seem to be the most correct mode of writing and 
pronouncing this word. 

A view of the different orthography and accentuation 
of this word may contribute to confirm that which I 
have chosen : 

Re'very, Sheridan, W. Johnston, Barclay. [Jones, 

Fulton and Knight.] 
Revery 1 , Johnson's quarto, Entick. 
Reverie 1 , Buchanan. 
Reve'ry, Kenrick, Johnson's folia 
Reve'ries, Bailey. 

Reverie 1 , Barclay, Fenning, Entick. 
Re'verie 1 , Perry. W. 

To REVE'ST, re-vest' v. a. [revestir,revitir, Fr. ; 
revestio, Lat.] To clothe again. Spenser. To re- 
invest ; to vest again in a possession or office. 

REVE'STIARY, re-veV-tshe-a-re. n. s. [reves- 
tiaire, Fr.] Place where dresses are reposited. 
Camden. 



REVFCTION, re-vfk'-sh&n. n. s . [remctum, Lat 
Return to life. Bp. Hall. 

To REVI'CTUAL, re-v?t'-tl. [See Victuals.] v. a 
To stock with victuals again. Raleigh. 

To REVI'E*, re-vi'. v. a. [re and me. See To Vie.] 
To accede to the proposal of a stake, and to over- 
top it : an old phrase at cards. B. Jonson. 

To REVI'E*, re-vi'. v. n. To return the challenge of 
a wager at cards ; to make any retort. ChieJ Jus- 
tice, in the Trial of live Seven Bishops. 

To REVIE'W$, re-vu'. 28G. v. a. [re and eaw.] To 
look back. Denham. To see again. Shak. To 
consider over again ; to re-examine. Dryden. To re- 
trace. Pope. To survey; to overlook ; to examine 

REVIE'W, re-vu'. 286. n.s. [reveile, Fr.] Survey; 
re-examination. Fell. A periodical publication, 
giving an analysis of hooks, a character of them, 
and remarks upon them. The Monthly Review is 
the earliest of the no/me. Nicitols. Inspection of sol- 
diers, assembled for examination as to their ap- 
pearance and skill. Neville. 

REVIE'WER*, re-vu'-ur. n.s. One who re-exam- 
ines. Wheatley. One who writes in a periodical 
publication called a review. Johnson. 

To REVI'GORATE*, re-v?g'-6-rate. v. a. [revigou- 
rer, Fr.] To reinforce ; to add new vigour. Cot- 
grare. 
I ToREVI'LE§, re-vile', v. a. [re and vile.] To re- 
proach ; to vilify; to treat with contumely. Spetisei'. 

REVI'LE, re-vile', n. s. Reproach ; contumely; ex 
brobration. Milton. Ob. J. 

REVI'LE*, re-vile', n. s. Opprobrious language. 
Milton. Ob. T. 

REVI'LEMENT,re-vile'-ment. n. s. Reproach ; con- 
tumelious language. More. 

REVI'LER, re-vile'-Qr. 98. n.s. One who reviles; 
one who treats another with contumelious terms. 
Milton. 

REVILING*, re-vile'-lng. n. s. Act of reproaching ; 
act of using contumelious language. Ecclus. xxvii. 

REVI'LINGLY, re-vile'-ing-le. ad. In an opprobri- 
ous manner ; with contumely. Maine. 

REVI'SAL, re-vl'-zal. n.s. Review; re-examina- 
ticn. Pope. 

To REVISER re-vlze'. v. a. [revisus, Lat.] To re- 
view ; to overlook. Pope. 

REVI'SE, re-vlze'. n.s. Review ; re-examination. 
Boyle. [Among printers.] A second proof of a sheet 
corrected. Feu. 

REVI'SER, re-yl'-zfir. 98. n. s. [reviseur, Fr.] Ex- 
aminer ; superintendent. Bp. Kennet. 

REVI'SION, re-vlzh'-un. n. s. [Fr.] Review. 

To REVI'SIT $, re-viz'-lt. v. a. [revisiter, Fr.; re- 
risito, Lat.] To visit again. Milton. To revise 
Po}ie. 

RE VISIT A'TION*, re-vfc-e-ta'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Act 
of revisiting. Cotgrave. 

REVI'VAL, re-vi'-val. 88. n. s. Recall from a state 
of languor, oblivion, or obscurity; recall to life. 
Warton. 

To REVI'VE §, re-vive'. v. n. [revivre, Fr. ; revivo, 
Lat.] To return to life. 1 Kings, xvii. To return 
to vigour or fame ; to rise from languor, oblivion, 
or obscurity. Milton. 

To REVI'VE, re-vlve'. v. a. To bring to life again. 
Milton. To raise from languor, insensibility, or 
oblivion. Spenser. To renew ; to recollect ; to 
bring back to the memory. Locke. To quicken; 
to rouse. Sluxk. To recomfort ; to restore to hope. 
Psalm lxxxv. To bring again into notice. Stcifi. 
[In chymistry.] To recover from a mixed state. 

REVI'VER, re-vl'-vur. 98. n. s. That which invigo- 
rates or revives. Sherwood. One who brings again 
into notice, or redeems from neglect. Milton. 

REVI'VING*, re-vi' -v?ng. n. s. Act of recomfort ing 
or restoring to hope. Ezra, ix. 

To REVrvT FICATE §, re-vlv'-e-fe-kate. r. a. [re 
and vivifco, Lat.] To recall to life. 

REVIVIFICA'TION, re-viv-e-fe-ka'-sh&n. n. s. The 

act of recalling to life. More. 
To REVIVIFY*, re-vlv'-e-fl. v. a. To recall to life. 
Suxckhouse. 

782 



REV 



RHI 



— n6, move, ndr, not ; — tobe, tub, bull ; — 6il; — pdflnd ; — thin, thi 



REV 1VI SCENCE*, r£v-ve-vis'-sensc. ) 

REVIVI'SCENCY, rev-ve-vis '-sen-se. 510. $ $ ' 
[rtvitnscentia, Lat.] Renewal of life; renewal of 
existence. jB/j. Pearson. 

REVOCABLE §, rev'-6-ka-bl. [See Irrevoca- 
ble.] a. [Fr. ; revocabilis, Lat.] That may be re- 
called. Bacon. That may be repealed. Milton. 

REVOCABLENESS, reV-6-ka-bl-nes. n. s. The 
quality of being revocable. 

To RELOCATE, rev'-6-kate. v. a. [revoco, Lat.] 
To recall ; to call back. Daniel. 

REVOCATION, rev-6-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; revoca- 
tio, Lat.] Act of recalling-. Hooker. State of be- 
ins: recalled. Howell. Repeal ; reversal. While. 

To REVO'KE $, re-v6ke'. v. a. [revoquer, Fr. ; re- 
voco, Lat.] To repeal ; to reverse. Spenser. To 
check ; to repress. Spenser. To draw back. Spenser. 

To REVO'KE*, re-v6ke'. v. n. To renounce at 
cards. 

REVO'KE*, re-v6ke'. n. s. Act of renouncing- at 
cards : used in no other sense. 

REVO'KEMEXT,re-v6ke'-ment. n.s. Revocation; 
repeal ; recall. Shakspeare. 

To REV'O'LT §, re-volt' , or re-volt', v. n. [revolter, 
Fr. ; revoltare, Ital.] To fall off from one to an- 
other. Shak. To change. Shakspeare. 

{)^j= This word has Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, 
and Mr. Buchanan, for that pronunciation which 
rhymes it with malt ; but that which rhymes it with 
bolt, jolt, &c, has the authority of Mr. Elphinston, Mr. 
Smith, Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, and W. Johnston, [Jones, 
Fulton and Knight] a clear analogy, and, if I am not 
mistaken, the best usage, on its side. W. 

To REVOLT*, re-volt', or re-v6lt'. t\ a. [revoltare, 
Ital.; revolvo, Lat.] To turn; to put to flight; to 
overturn. Burke. 
REVOLT, re-v6lt'. u. s. [revoke, Fr.] Desertion; 
change of sides. Raleigh. A revolter ; one who 
changes sides. Sliak. Gross departure from duty. 
Shakspeare. 
REVO'LTED, re-volt'-ed. part. Having swerved 

from duty. Jer. v. 
REVOLTER, re-v6lt'-ur. n. s. One who changes 

sides; a deserter; a renegade. Milton. 
RETOLUBLE*, rev'-6-lu-bl. a. [Fr.] That may 

revolve. Cotgrave. 
REVOLUTION, rev-o-lu'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; revo- 
lutus, Lat.] Course of any thing which returns to 
the point at which it began to move. Walts. Space 
measured by some revolution. Milton. Change in 
the state of a government or country. It is used 
among us, /car t&xtiv, for the change produced by 
the admission of king William and queen Mary. 
Davenant. Rotation ; circular motion. Motion 
backward. Milton. 
REVOLUTIONARY*, rev-6-lu'-shun-a-re. 512. a. 
Originating in a revolution : a word which the 
French democratical revolution formed, and usu- 
ally coupled with the most execrable actions. Burke. 
REVOLUTIONIST*, rev-6-lu'-shun-?st. n.s. A fa- 
vourer of revolutions : of the same origin and char- 
acter as revolutionary . Burke. 
To REVOLVE §. re-volv'. v. n. [revolver, old Fr.; 
revolvo, Lat.] To roll in a circle ; to perform a 
revolution. Cheyne. To fall back ; to return. Wot- 
ton. 
To REVO'LVE, re-volv'. v. a. [revolvo, La*t.] To 
roll any thing round. Milton. To consider; to 
meditate on. Shakspeare. 
REVO'LVENCY*, re-v&l'-ven-se. n. s. Constant 

revolution. Cowper. 
To REVO'MIT, re-v6m'-mlt. v. a. frevomir, Fr.] 

To vomit ; to vomit again. Hakewill. 
REVULSION §, re-vulsh'-6n. n. s. [Fr. ; revubus, 
Lat.] The act or revelling or drawing humours 
from a remote part cf the body. Wiseman. The act 
of withholding or drawing back. Brown. 
REVU'LSIVE*, re-v&l'-siv. n. s. Revulsion, in its 
medical sense. Fell. That which has the power of 
subducting or withdrawing. Fell. 
REV L LS1VE, re-vfil'-siv. a. Having the power of 
revulsion. 



REW* ru. n.s. [paepa, Sax.] A row. Spenser. 

To REWA'RD?, re-ward', v. a. [old Fr. rewerdm, 
i.e. reguerdon.] To give in return. 1 Sam. xxiv. 
To repay; to recompense for something good. 
Hammond. 

REWA'RD, re-ward', n. s. Recompense given for 
good performed. Hooker. It is sometimes used, 
with a mixture of irony, for punishment or recom- 
pense of evil. Ps. cxx. 

REWA'RDABLE, re-ward'-a-bl. a. Worthy of re- 
ward. Hooker. 

REWA'RDABLENESS*, re-ward'-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Worthiness of reward . Goodman. 

REW A'RDER, re-ward'-ur. n. s. One that rewards ; 
one that recompenses. Shakspeare. 

To REWO'RD, re-wurd'. v. a. To repeat in the 
same words. Shakspeare. 

RHABA'RBARATE, ra-bar'-ba-rate. a. [rhabarba- 
ra, Lat.] Impregnated or tinctured with rhubarb, 
Floyer. 

RHA'BDOMANCY, rab'-d6-man-se.519.n.s. ['pdP- 
(5oj and navrda.} Divination by a wand. Brown. 

RHAPSODICAL*, rap-s6d'-e-kal. a. Unconnected. 
Dean Martin. 

RHA'PSODIST, rap'-s6-dlst. n. s. One who recites 
or sings rhapsodies, or compositions, for a liveli- 
hood; one who makes and repeats extempore 
verses. Bp. Percy. One who writes without reg- 
ular dependence of one part upon another. Watts\ 

RHA'PSODY$, rap'-so-de. n. s. [paiLwdia.] A col- 
lection of songs, or verses; dispersed pieces joined 
together. Bentley. Any number of parts joined 
together, without necessary dependence or natural 
connexion. Locke. 

RHEIN-BERRY, rlne'-ber-re. n. s. Buckthorn, a 
plant. 

RHE'NISH*, ren'-?sh. n. s. [from the river Rhine.} 
A kind of German wine. Shakspeare. 

RHE'TOR*, re'-tur. n.s. [Lat.; fa™?, Gr.] A 
rhetorician. Hammond. 

RHETO'RICAL, re-t&r'-e-kal. a. [rhetoricus, Lat,] 
Pertaining to rhetorick; oratorial; figurative. 

RHETORICALLY, re-t6r / -e-kal-e. ad. Like an 
orator; figuratively; with intent to move the pas- 
sions. Bale. 

To RHETO'RICATE, re-tor'-e-kate.V n. [rhetori- 
cor, low Lat.] To play the orator ; to attack the 
passions. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
RHETORIC A'TION*, re-tor-e-ka'-sh&n. n.s. Rhe- 
torical amplification. Waterland. 

RHETORI'CIAN, ret-to-rfsh'-an. n. s. [rhetoricien, 
Fr.] One who teaches the science of rhetorick. 
Bacon. An orator. Dryden. 

RHETORFCIAN, rel-t6-rlsh'-an. a. Suiting a mas 
ter of rhetorick. Blackmore. 

RHE'TORICK, ret'-to-rlk. n.s. [pnropiKti, Gr. ;rheto- 
rique, Fr.] The act of speaking, not merely with 
propriety, but with art and elegance. Dryden. 
The power of persuasion; oratory. Shakspeare. 

To RHE'TORIZE*, ret'-to-rlze. v.n. To play the 
orator. Cotgrave. 

To RHE'TORIZE* ret'-to-rlze. v. a. To represent 
by a figure of oratory. Milton. 

RHEUfll$, room. 264, 265. n. s. [fcSpo.Gr. ; rheume, 
Fr.] A thin, watery matter oozing through the 
glands, chiefly about the mouth. Quincy. 

RHEU'MATICK, r&6-mat'-lk. 509. a. [jevpariKog.] 
Proceeding from rheum or a peccant, watery hu- 
mour. Shak. Denoting the pain which attacks the 
joints, and the muscles and membranes between 
the joints. 

RHEU'MATISM, roo'-ma-t?zm. n. 

Gr. ; rheumatismus, Lat.] A painful distemper 
supposed to proceed from acrid humours. Quincy. 

RHEU'MY, rS6'-me. a. Full of sharp moisture. Shak. 

RHIME*. See Rhyme. 

RHI'NO*, rl'-n6. n. s. A cant word fqr money. Wag' 
stajfe. 

RHlNO'CEROS, rl-n6s'-se-r&s. 134. n. s. [fnv and ici- 
pas, Gr. ; rhinocerot, Fr.] A vast beast in the East 
Indies armed with a horn on his nose. Shakspeare. 
783 



[peviiaricrfibi, 
ful dis' 



RIB 



RID 



s 559.— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— 



RHODODE / NDRON#,r6d-6-d^n / -dn)n. n.s. [p65ov 
and Stvfoov.] Dwarf rose bay. Evelyn. 

RHODOMONTA'DE*. See Rodomontade. 

RHOMB §, rumb. n.s. [r/wwfow, Lat.; ^o/ijSoj, Gr.] 
[In geometry.] A parallelogram or quadrangular 
%ure, having its four sides equal, and consisting 
of parallel lines, with two opposite angles acute, 
and two obtuse : it is formed by two equal and 
right cones joined together at their base. Harris, 

§3= I have here differed from Mr. Sheridan, and adopted 
that sound of the vowel in this word which is given to 
it by Dr. Kenrick, Mr, Scott, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Perry. 
This I do not only suppose to be the general pronun- 
ciation, but find it written rhumb by Dr. Ash, Buchan- 
an, and Barclay. But when this word is given us 
in its Latin form rhombus, the ought to have the same 
sound as in comedy. — See Principles, No. 347. W. 

RHOMBICK, nW-blk. a. Shaped like a rhomb. 
Grew. 

RHOMBOID, r&m'-bold. ) n.s. [>ii/Wfc.l 

RHOMBO'IDES*, rftm-bde'-dez. ] A figure ap- 
proaching to a rhomb. Milton. 

RHOMBOTDAL, rum-b61d'-al. a. Approaching in 
shape to a rhomb. Woodward. 

RHU'BARB, roo'-burb. 265. n. s. [rhubar, Persian; 
rhabarbarum, Lat.] A medicinal root sli L 
gative, referred by botanists to the dock 
man. 

RHYME §, rime. n. s. [rim, ryma, Su. Goth.] An 
harmonical succession of sounds. Denham. The 
consonance of verses ; the correspondence of the 
last sound of one verse to the last sound or syllable 
of another. Milton. Poetry; a poem. Spenser. A 
word of sound to answer to another word. Young. 

RHYME or Reason. Number or sense. Shakspeare. 

To RHYME, rime. v. n. [rimen, Fr. Theotisc. ; ri- 
mer, Dan. ; reimen, Germ.] To agree in sound. 
Drydcn. To make verses. Sliakspeare. 

To RHYME*, rime. v. a. To put into rhyme. 
Wilson.. 

RHY'MELESS*, rlme'-lgs. a. Not having conso- 
nance of verses. Bp. Hall. 

RHY'MER, rl'-mfir. 98. ) n. s. One who makes 
* S rhv 



RHY'MESTER, rlme'-stfir. 
a poet, in contempt. Shakspea. 



,'mes; a versifier; 



RHYTHM*^ rlthm. n.s. [rhythmus, Lat. ; Jvdfibs , 
Gr.] Metre; verse; numbers. Howell. Propor- 
tion applied to any motion whatever. Harris. * 

RHYTHMICAL, rltfi'-me-kal. a. [faB/uKo;.] Har- 
monical ; having one sound proportioned to an- 
other. Mason. 

RFAL*. n. s. A piece of money. See Real. 

RIANT*, a. [Fr. ; from rire.~\ Laughing ; exciting 
laughter. Burke. 

RIB§, rib. n.s. [pibbe, Sax.] A bone in the body. 
Milton. Any piece of timber or other matter 
which strengthens the side. Shak. Any prominence 
running in lines ; as the stalks of a leaf. Any 
thing slight, thin, or narrow ; a strip. EcJiard. 

To RIB*, rib. v: a. To furnish with ribs. Sandys. 
To enclose as the body by ribs. Sliakspeare. 

RFBALD §, rlb'-buld. 88. n. s. [ribauld, Fr. ; ribaldo, 
Italian.] A loose, rough, mean, brutal wretch. 
Spenser. 

Rl'BALD*, rlb'-bfild. a. Base ; mean. Shakspeare. 

RFBALDISH*, rlb'-buld-lsh. a. Disposed to ribald- 
ry. Bp. Hall. 

RFBALDRY, rlb'-buld-re. n. s. Mean, lewd, brutal 
language. Bp. Hall. 

RFBAND $ rlb'-bln. 88. n. s. [ruban, Fr.] A fillet of 
silk ; a narrow web of silk, which is worn for orna- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 

To RI'BAND*, rlb'-bln. v. a. To adorn with rib- 
ands. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

RFBBED, rlbbd. 359. a. Furnished with ribs. Gay. 
Marked with protuberant lines. Shenslone. 

RFRBON, rlb'-bln. 166. n. s. See Riband. 

RFBIBE*. n.s. See Rebeck. A sort of stringed 
instrument. Ob. T. 

To RFBROAST, r?b'-r6st. v. n. [rib and roast.] To 
beat soundly : a burlesque word. Butler. 

RI'BWORT, rlb'-w&rt. n. s. A plant. 



RIC, rlk. n. s. Ric denotes a powerful, rich, or val 
iant man. So Alfric is altogether strong; jEthel- 
■ ric, nobly strong or powerful : to the same sense 
as Polycrates, Crato, Plutarchus, Opirnius. Gibson. 
RICE, rise. 560. n. s. [riz, old Fr. ; nso, Ital ; oryza, 
Lat.; tipvfa, Gr.] One of the esculent grains. 
Miller. 
RICH$, rltsh. 352. a. [piche, Sax; riche, Fr.} 
Wealthy; abounding in wealth; abounding in 
money or possessions ; opulent. Exod. Valuable; 
estimable; precious; splendid; sumptuous. Mil- 
ton. Having any ingredients or qualities in a 
great quantity or degree. Waller. Fertile ; fruit- 
ful. jP/m7#;js. Abundant; plentiful. Milton. Abound- 
ing; plentifully stocked : as, pastures rich in flocks. 
Having something precious. Milton.. 
To RICH*, rltsh. v. a. To enrich. Gower. Ob. T. 
RI'CHES, rltsh'-lz. 99. n.s. [picherre, Sax.; rich- 
esse, Fr.] Wealth ; money or possessions. Hammond. 
Splendid, sumptuous appearance. Milton. 
RFCHLY, rltshMe. ad. [piceh r e, Sax.1 With 
riches; wealthily ; splendidly ; magnificently. Shak. 
Plenteously ; abundantly. Brown. Truly; abun- 
dantly : an ironical use. Addison. 
RI'CHNESS, rltsh'-nes. n. s. Opulence ; wealth. 
Sidney. Finery ; splendour. Fertility ; fecundity ; 
fruitfulncss. Addison. Abundance or perfection 
of any quality. Spectator. Pampering qualities. 
Dryden. 
RICK, rlk. n. s. [pie£, hpic, Sax.] A pile of corn 
or hay regularly heaped up in the open field, and 
sheltered from wet. Swift. A heap of com or hay 
piled by the gatherer. Mortimer. 
RI'CKETS$, rlk'-kits. n.s. [richitis, Lat.] A dis- 
temper in children, from an unequal distribution of 
nourishment, whereby the joints grow knotty, and 
the limbs uneven. Quincy. 
RFCKETY, rlk'-lt-e. 99. a. Diseased with the rick- 
ets. Arbuthnot. 
RFCTURE, rlk'-tshure. n. s. [rictura, Lat.] A gap- 
ing. Diet. 
RID, rid. pret. of ride. 

To RID §, rid. v. a. in the pret. perhaps ridded, or 
rid ; in the passive part. r.'d. [hpebban, Sax.] To 
set free ; to redeem. Psalm xviii. To clear ; to dis- 
encumber. Hooker. To despatch. Shakspeare. To 
drive away ; to remove by violence ; to destroy. 
Shakspeare. 
RFDDANCE, rld'-danse. n. s. Deliverance. Hooker. 
Disencumbrance ; loss of something one is glad to 
lose. Shak. Act of clearing away any encum- 
brances. Milton. 
RFDDEN, rld'-dn. 103. The participle of ride. Hale. 
RFDDLE §, rld'-dl. 405. n. s. [psebelr, from apee- 
bian, Sax.] An enigma; a puzzling question; a 
dark problem. Shak. Any thing puzzling. Hudi- 
bras. [hpibble, from hpebban, Sax.] A coarse - 
or open sieve. Mortimer. 
To RFDDLE, rld'-dl. v. a. To solve ; to unriddle. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. To separate by a coarse 
sieve. Mortimer. 
To RFDDLE, rld'-dl. v. n. To speak ambiguously 

or obscurely. Shakspeare. 
RFDDLER*. rld'-dl-iir. n. s. One who speaks ob- 
scurely or ambiguously. Home. 
RFDDLINGLY, r?d'-dl-lng-le. ad. In the manner 

of a riddle; secretly. Donne. 
To RIDE §, ride. v. n. preter. rid or rode : part, rid 
or ridden, [piban, Sax. ; rijden, Dutch.] To travel 
on horseback. Sliak. To travel in a vehicle ; to 
be borne, not to walk. Shak. To be supported in 
motion. Shak. To manage a horse. Spenser. 
To be on the water. Knolles. To be supported by 
something subservient. Shakspeare. 
To RIDE, ride. v. a. To sit on so as to be carried. 

Milton. To manage insolently at will. Collier. 
RIDE*, ride. n. s. A saddle-horse. Grose. An ex- 
cursion in a vehicle, or on horseback : as, to take a 
ride. A road cut in a wood, or through grounds, 
for the purpose of using the diversion of riding 
therein; a riding. See Riding. 
RI'DER, rl'-dfir. 98. n. s. [pibepe, Sax.l One who 



RIF 



RIG 



—116. move, nflr, not ;— lube, tub, bull ; — oil ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



is carried on a horse or in ;i vehicle. Prior. One 
who manages or breaks horses. S/w^. An insert- 
ed leaf; an additional clause, as to a bill passing- 
through parliament. Brand. 

RIDGM, ridje. n. s. [h pi ££, Sax.] The top of 
the back. Hudibras. The rough top of any thing, 
resembling the vertebrae of the back. Milton. A 
steep protuberance. Milton. The ground thrown 
up by the plough. Psalm Ixv. The top of the roof 
rising to an acute angle. Moxon. Ridges of a 
horse's mouth are wrinkles or risings of the flesh in 
the roof of the mouth, running across from one side 
of the jaw to the other, like fleshy ridges, with in- 
terjacent furrows or sinking cavities. Farrier's Diet. 

To RIDGE, ridje. v. a. To form a ridge. Milton. 
To wrinkle. Cowper. 

RIDGEL, rid'-jil. )n. s. An animal half 

RI'DGELIiNG,ridjeMrng. ( castrated. Dryden. 

Rl DGINGLY*, rid'-jing-le. ad.. After the manner 
of ridges, or ridge by ridge. Huloet. 

RI'DGY, rid'-je. a. Rising in a ridge. Dryden. 

RIDICULE $, rid'-e-kufe. n. s. [ridicule, Fr. ; ri- 
dieiilum, Lai.] Wit of that species that provokes 
laughter. Pope. Folly ; ridiculousness. Addison. 

2^p This word is frequently mispronounced by sounding 
the first syllabic like the adjective red ; an inaccuracy 
which cannot be too carefully avoided. 

1 am of the same opinion as Mr. Nares, that this word 
was anciently accented on the last syllable, as derived 
from the French ridicule, and not the Latin ridiculus ; 
but this accent, being found contrary to the Latin anal- 
ogy, 503, shifted to the first syllable ; a transition which, 
in words of three syllables, is the easiest thing in the 
world.— See Principles, No. 524. W. 

Rl DICULE* rid'-e-kule. a. Ridiculous. Aubrey. 

Ob. T. 
To RI'DICULE, rid'-e-kule. v. a. To expose to 
laughter; to treat with contemptuous merriment. 
Temple. 
RIDICULER, rid'-e-ku-lfir. n. s. One that ridicules. 

Clarke. 
RIDICULOUS, re-dik'-ku-lfis. a. Worthy of laugh- 
ter ; exciting contemptuous merriment. Ecclus. 
xxxiv. 
RIDI'CULOUSLY, re-dlk'-ku-l&s-le. ad. In a man- 
ner worthy of laughter or contempt. South. 
RIDrCULOUSNESS.re-dik'-ku-lus-nes. n.s. The 

quality of being ridiculous. Stilling fleet. 
RIDING, rl'-dnig. part. a. Employed to travel on 

any occasion. Auliffe. 
RI'DING, rl'-ding. 410. n. s. A road cut in a wood, 
or through grounds, for the purpose of using the 
diversion of riding therein. Sidney. A district vis- 
ited by an officer. One of the three divisions of 
Yorkshire ; corrupted from tritliing. Ray. 
Rl DLNGCOAT, rl'-ding-k6te. n.s. A coat made to 

keep out weather. Swift. 
RFDINGHABIT*, ri'-ding-hab'-it. n. s. A dress 
worn by women, when they ride on horseback. 
Guardian. 
RITHN GHOOD, rl'-ding-hud. n. s. A hood used by 
women, when they travel, to bear off the rain. 
Arbuthnot. 
RIDINGHOUSE*, rl'-ding-house. ) n.s. A place in 
RI / DINGSCHOOL*,rl / -dlng-sko6l. \ which the art 

of riding is taught. Lord Chesterfield. 
RJDO TTO*, re-dot'-t6. n. s. [Ital.] A sort of pub- 
lick assembly. Dr. Johnson. 
RIE, rl. n. s. See Rye. An esculent grain. Miller. 
RIFE §, rife. a. [pype, Sax. ; ri//*, Dutch.] Preva- 
lent ; prevailing ; abounding. It is now only used 
of epidemical distempers. Sidney. 
RI'FELY, rife'-le. ad. Prevalently ; abundantly. 

Knolles. 
RI'FENESS, rlfe'-nes. n. s. Prevalence ; abun- 
dance. Bp. Hall. 
RI'FFRAFF, rif-raf. n.s. [ri/ne raf.] The refuse 

of any thing. Bp. Hall. 

To RIFLES, ri'-f. 405. v. a. [riffer, rifler, Fr.; 

rijffelen, Teut.] To rob ; to pillage ; to plunder. 

Shak. To take away ; to seize as pillage. Pope. 

RI'FLE* rl'-fl. n. s. [rijffelen, Teut.l A kind of 

9'9 



whetstone. Whately. A sort of gun, having, with 
in its barrel, indented lines. 

RIFLEMAN*, rl'-fl-man. n. s. One armed with a 
rifle. 

RI'FLER, rl'-fl-fir. n.s. Robber; plunderer; pillager. 
Milton. 

RIFT }, rift. n. s. [from To rive.] A cleft ; a breach ; 
an opening. Spenser. 

To RIFT, rift. v. a. To cleave; to split. Slmkspcare. 

To RIFT, rift. v.n. To burst; to open. Shak. To 
belch ; to break wind : a northern word. 

RIG $, rig. n. s. Rig, ridge, seem to signify the top 
of a hill falling on each side ; from the Saxon, 
hpi$£. 

RIG*, rig. n. s. [perhaps from the Icel. riga.] Blus- 
ter. Burke. 

RIG §*, rig. n. s. [perhaps from the old Fr. rigoler.] 
A wanton ; an impudent woman ; a strumpet. Da- 
vies. — To mn a rig. To play a trick of gayety or 
merriment. Cowper. To run the rig upon. To 
practise a joke upon. 
To RIG*, rig. 8. n. To play the wanton. 
To RIG §, rig. v. a. [the past participle of the Saxon 
ppi£an, to cover.] To dress ; to accoutre. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. To fit with tackling. Chapman. 

RIGADOO'N, rig-a-doon'. n. s. [rigadon, Fr.] A 
kind of brisk dance, performed by one couple, said 
to be brought from Provence. Guardian. 

RIGA'TION, rl-ga'-sh&n. «. s. [rigatio, Lat.] The 
act of watering. Swinburne. 

RPGGER, rig'-gur. 382. n. s. One that rigs or dres- 

RIGGING, rig'-ing. 410. n. s. [pjiT#£en, Sax.] 

The sails or tackling of a ship. Creech. 
RIGG1SH, rig'-ish. 382. a. Wanton ; whorish. 

Sliakspeare. 
To RFGGLE, rig'-gl. 405. v. n. [properly to wrig- 
gle.'] To move backward and forward, as shrink- 
ing from pain. Warburlon. 
RIGHTS, rite. 393. a. [piht, pehfc, Sax.; recht, 
Germ.; rectus, Lat.] Fit; proper; becoming; suit- 
able. Proverbs, viii. Rightful; justly claiming. 
Locke. True; not erroneous; not wrong. Locke. 
Not mistaken ; passing a true judgement. Shak. 
Just ; honest ; equitable ; not criminal. Psalm lxxviii. 
Happy; convenient. Addison. Not left. Brown. 
Straight ; not crooked. Locke. Perpendicular ; di- 
rect. 
RIGHT, rite, interf. An expression of approbation. 

Pope. , 
RIGHT, rite. ad. Properly; justly ; exactly ; accord- 
ing to truth or justice. Locke. According to art 
or rule. Roscommon. In a direct line ; in a straight 
line. Proverbs, iv. In a great degree ; very. Ps. 
xxx. It is still used in titles : as, right honourable ; 
right reverend. Peacham. Just. Shale. Immedi- 
ately ; at the instant. Shakspeare. 
RIGHT, rite, n, s. Not wrong. Milton. Justice ; 
not injury. Bacon. Freedom from guilt ; good- 
ness. Cowley. Freedom from errour. Prior. Just 
claim. Raleigh. That which justly belongs to one. 
Tob. vi. Property ; interest. Dryden. Power ; 
prerogative. Tillotson. Immunity; privilege. Shak. 
The side not left. Milton. — To rights. In a direct 
line; straight. Woodward. To riglits. With de- 
liverance from errour. Woodward. 
To RIGHT, rite. v. a. To do justice to ; to establish 
in possessions justly claimed ; to relieve from 
wrong. Bp. Taylor. [In naval language.] To 
restore a ship to her upright position, after she has 
been laid on a careen ; to put any thing in its prop- 
er position : as, to right the helm. 
To RIGHT*, rite. v. n. A ship is said to right at 
sea, when she rises with her masts erected, after 
having been pressed down on one side by the ef- 
fort of her sails, or a heavy squall of wind. Fal- 
coner. 
To RI'GHTEN*, rl'-tn. v. a. [pi$htan, pihtan, 

Sax.] To do justice to, Isaiah, i. 
RIGHTEOUS §, rl'-tshe-fis. 263, 464. a. [piht-pir, 
Sax.] Just ; honest ; virtuous ; uncorrupt. Genesis. 
Equitable ; agreeing with right. Dryden. 
785 



RIN 



RIP 



[CP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mfo ;— pine, pin ; 



RFGHTEOUSED*, rl'-tshe-ust. a. Made righteous ; 

justified. Bale. Ob. T. 
RIGHTEOUSLY, rl'-tshe-fis-le. ad. Honestly; vir- 
tuously. Dryden. According to desert. Litanij. 

RFGHTEOUSNESS.ri / -tslie-us-nes. n. s. Justice; 
honesty; virtue; goodness; integrity. Hooker. 

RFGHTER*, rl'-tur. n. s. [jiihtejie, Sax.] A re- 
dresser; one who relieves from wrong; one who 
does justice to. Shelton. 

StFGHTFUL §, rlie'-ful. a. Having the right ; hav- 
ing the just claim. Shak. Honest; just; agreeable 
to justice. WicliJ'e. 

fcFGHTFULLY, rlte'-ffil-e. ad. According to right; 
according to justice. Dryden. 

RIGHT-HAND, rite-hand^, n. s. Not the left. Sliak. 

PJ'GHTFULNESS, rlte'-iul-nes. n.s. Moral recti- 
tude. Sidney. 

RIGHTLY, rite'-le. ad. According to truth or jus- 
tice. Properly ; suitably; not erroneously. Milton. 
Honestly ; uprightly. Shak. Exactly.* Dryden. 
Straightly ; directly. Ascham. 

RFGHTNESS, rlte'-nes. n. s. Conformity to truth ; 
exemption from being wrong ; rectitude ; not er- 
rour. South. Straightness. Bacon. 

RIGID §, rld'-ild. 380. a. [rigide, Fr.; rigidus, Lat.] 
Stiff; not to be bent; unpliant. Ray. Severe; in- 
flexible. Denham. Unremitted ; unmitigated. Mil- 
ton. Sharp; cruel. Phillips. 

RIGI DITY, re-jld'-e-te. n. s. [rigidity, Fr.] Stiff- 
ness. Arbuthnot. Stiffness of appearance ; want of 
easy or airy elegance. Wotton. Severity; inflexi- 
bilitv. Milton. 

RFGfDLY, rld'-jld-le. ad. Stiffly ; unpliantly. Se- 
verely ; inflexibly ; without remission ; without miti- 
gation. Fuller. 

RIG1DNESS, rid'-jld-nes. n.s. Stiffness ; severity ; 
inflexibility. Hales. 

RIGLET, rlg'-let. n. s. [regulet, Fr.] A flat, thin, 
square piece of wood, moxon. 

RIGMAROLE*, rlg / -ma-r6le. n.s. A repetition of 
idle words ; a succession of long stories. Goldsmith. 

RFGOL, rl'-g&l. n. s. A circle. Shakspeare. 

RIGOURS, rig'-g&r, 314, 544. n. s [rigor, Lat. ; ri- 
gueur, Fr.] Cold ; stiffness. Milton. A convulsive 
shuddering with sense of cold. Blackmore. Sever- 
ity; sternness; want of condescension to others. 
Denlmm. Severity of life ; voluntary pain ; auster- 
ity. Fell. Strictness ; unabated exactness. Hooker. 
Rage; cruelty; fury. Spenser. Hardness ; not flex- 
ibility; solidity; not softness. Dryden. 

RIGOROUS, rlg'-g&r-fis. a. [rigoreux, Fr.] Severe; 
allowing no abatement. Shak. Exact ; scrupulous- 
ly nice : as, a rigorous demonstration ; a rigorous 
definition. 

RIGOROUSLY, rlg'-grtr-us-le. ad. Severely ; with- 
out tenderness or mitigation. Milton. Exactly ; 
scrupulously; ni eel v. Dr. Warton. 

RIGOROUSNESS*, rlg'-g&r-us-nes. n.s. Severity, 
without tenderness or mitigation. Ash. 

RILL§, rll. n. s. [abbreviation of the Lat. rivulus, 
viz. rilius.] A small brook; a little streamlet. Mil- 
ton. 

To RILL, rll. v. n. To run in small streams. Prior. 

RFLLET, rll'-llt. 99. n. s. A small stream. Carew. 

RIM, rim. n. s. [yum, Sax.] A border; a margin. 
Grew. That which encircles something else. | 
Brown. 

RIMES, rime. n.s. [h]iim, riim, Sax.] Hoarfrost.! 
Bacon, [rirna, Lat.] A hole ; a chink. Brown. A I 
step of a ladder. Grose. 

To RIME, rime. v. n. To freeze with hoar frost. 

RIME*. See Rhyme. 

RIMPLES*, rW-pl. 405. n.s. [hjiympelle, Sax.] 
A wrinkle; a fold. Prompt. Parv. 

To RFMPLE, rlm'-pl. v. a. To pucker; to wrinkle. 
CJiaucer. 

RIMPLING*, rW-pl-lng. n. s. Uneven motion ; un- 
dulation. Crabbe. 

RFMY, rl'-me. a. Steamy; foggy; full of frozen mist. 
Harvey. 

RIND$, rind. 105. n.s. [jimb, Sax.; rinde, Dutch.] 
Bark; husk ° 



To RIND, rind. v. a. To decorticate; to bark; to 

husk. 
RING §, rig. 57. n. s. [hpin£ ; r nn*, Sax.] A cir 
cle; an orbicular line. Newton. A circle of gold 
or some other matter worn as an ornament. Shak 
A circle of metal to be held by. Dryden. A circu 
lar course. Smith. A circle made by persons 
standing round. Shak. A number of bells harmon 
ically tuned. Prior. The sound of bells or any 
other sonorous body. Bacon. A sound of any kind 
Bacon. 
To RING, ring. v. a. pret. and part. pass. rung. 
[hjiinj^an, Sax.] To strike bells or any other sou 
orous body, so as to make it sound. Sliak. [from 
ring.] To encircle. Shak. To fit with rings. Sliak. 
To restrain a hog by a ring in his nose W. 
Browne. 
To RING, ring. v.n. To form a circle. Spenser. 
To sound as a bell or sonorous metal. Milton. To 
practise the art of making musick with bells. Hol- 
der. To sound ; to resound Bacon. To utter as 
a bell. Shak. To tinkle. Dryden. To be filled 
with a bruit or report. South. 
RING-BONE, rlng / -b6ne. n. s. A hard, callous sub 
stance growing in the hollow circle of the little pas- 
tern of a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
RFNGDOVE, rlng'-d&v. n.s. [rhingelduyve, Germ.] 

A kind of pigeon. Mortimer. 
RFNGER, rlng'-ur. 98, 409. n. s. He who rings. 
RINGING*, rlng 7 -ing. n. s. Art or act of making 

musick with bells. Burton. 
To RFNGLEAD* rlng/-lede. v. a. To conduct. 

Transl. of Abp. of Spolato's Serm. 
RFNGLEADER, rlng'-le-dur. n. s. One who leads 
the ring. Barrow. The head of a riotous body. 
Bacon. 
RFNGLET, ring'-lel. n. s. [ring, with a diminutive 
termination.] A small ring. Pope. A circle. Sliak. 
A curl. Milton. 
RINGSTREAKED, rlng'-streekt. a. Circularly 

streaked. Gen. xxx. 
RFNGTAIL, rlng'-tale. n. s. A kind of kite with a 

whitish tail. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
RINGWORM, ring'-wurm. n.s. A circular tetter. 

Wiseman. 
To RINSE §, rinse, v. a. [rein, Germ. ; hreins, M. 
Goth.] To wash ; to cleanse by washing. Lev. xv. 
To wash the soap out of clothes. King. 
RFNSER, rln'-sfir. n. s. One that washes or rinses ; 

a washer. 
RFOT$, rl'-fit. n. s. [note, Fr. ; riotta, Ital.] Wild 
and loose festivity. Shak. A sedition ; an uproar. 
Milton. — To run riot. To move or act without 
control or restraint. L' Estrange. 
To RFOT, rl'-fit. v. n. [rioter, old Fr.] To revel j 
to be dissipated in luxurious enjoyments. Rom. xiii. 
To luxuriate; to be tumultuous. Pope. To ban- 
quet luxuriously. To raise a sedition or uproar. 
RFOTER, rl'-ut-ur. 98. n. s. One who is dissipated 
in luxury. Martin. One who raises an uproar or 
sedition. Blackstone. 
RFOTISE, rl'-ut-ls. n. s. Dissoluteness; luxury. 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
RFOTOUS, rl'-ut-us. 314. a. [rioteux, Fr.] Luxuri- 
ous ; wanton ; licentiously festive. Spenser. Sedi- 
tious; turbulent. Blackstone. 
RFOTOUSLY, rl'-ut-us-le. ad. Luxuriously; wiih 
licentious luxury. Ecchis. xiv. Seditiously ; tur- 
bulently. Blackstone. 
RFOTOUSNESS, rl'-ut-fis-nes. n. s. The state of 

being riotous. Raleigh. 
To RIP §, rip. v. a. [hriypan, jiypan, jiyppan, Sax.] 
To tear ; to lacerate ; to cut asunder by a con- 
tinued act of the knife or of other force. 2 Kings, 
viii. To take away by laceration or cutting. Shak. 
To disclose ; to search out ; to tear up ; to bring 
to view. Spenser. 
RIP*, rip. n. s. A laceration. Addison. A wicker 
basket to carry fish in. Cowel. Refuse, [perhaps 
a corruption of riff.] A low word : as, a rip of a 
horse. 
RIPE §, ripe. a. [jiipe, Sax. ; rifp, Dutch.l Brought 



RIS 



RIX 



— no, move, n6>, not ;— tube, tub, bflll ;— 611 ;— pflflnd ;— tKm, thjs. 



to perfection in growth ; mature. Shak. Resem- 
bling- the ripeness of fruit. Shak. Finished ; con- 
summate. Hooker. Brought to the point of taking 
effect ; fully matured. Milton. Fully qualified by 
gradual improvement. Fell. 

To RIPE, ripe. v. n. To ripen ; to grow ripe ; to be 
matured. ShaAspeare. 

To RIPE, ripe. v. a. To mature ; to make ripe. 
Shakspeare. 

RIPELY, rlpe'-le. ad. Maturely; at the fit time 
Shakspeare. 

To RFPEN, rl'-p'n. 103. v. n. [p.ipiau, Sax.] To 
grow ripe ; to be matured. Bacon. 

To RIPEN, rl'-p'n. v. a. To mature ; to make ripe. 
Dryden. 

RIPENESS, rlpe'-nes. n. s. [pipener^e, Sax.] The 
stale of being ripe ; maturity. Wiseman. Full 

frowth. Denluim. Perfection ; completion. Hooker. 
itness; qualification. Shakspeare. 

RI PIER*, n.s. [7-iparius,]ow Lat.; from the old 
Eng. rip.] One who brings fish from the seacoast 
to the inner parts of the land. Cowel. 

RIPPER, rlp'-pflr. 98. n. s. One who rips ; one who 
tears ; one who lacerates. 

RFPPING*. rlp'-plng. n. s. Discovery. Spenser. 

To RPPPLE$, rip'-pl. 405. v. n. To fret on the sur- 
face, as water swiftly running. Gray. — To ripple 
Jlax. To wipe or draw off its seed-vessels ; to clean 
*flax. Ray. 

RPPPLE*, rip'-pl. n. s. Agitation of water fretting 
on the surface, or laving the banks. A large comb, 
through which flax is dressed. 

RPPPLING*, rV-pl-ing. n. s. The ripple dashing on 
the shore. Pennant. Method of cleaning flax. 

RI PTOWELL, ripMou-el. n. s. A gratuity or re- 
ward given to tenants, after they had reaped their 
lord's corn. Bailey. 

To RISE §, rlze. v. n. pret. rose ; part, risen, [reisan, 
Goth. : p.i]*an, Sax.] To change a jacent or re- 
cumbent to an erect posture. Shak. To get up 
from rest. Job, xxiv. To get up from a fall. Mil- 
ion. To spring; to grow up. Milion. To gain 
elevation of rank or fortune. Bacon. To swell. 
Lev. xiii. To ascend 5 to move upwards. Bacon. 
To break out from below the horizon, as the sun. 
St. Matt. To take beginning; to come into exist- 
ence, or notice. Coivley. To begin to act. Milton. 
To appear in view. Addison. To change a sta- 
tion ; to quit a siege. Knolles. To be excited; to 
be produced. Otway. To break into military 
commotions ; to make insurrections. Milion. To 
be roused ; to be excited to action. Ps. xciv. To 
make hostile attack. Deuteronomy. To grow more 
or greater in any respect. Milton. To increase 
in price. Locke. To be improved. Taller. To 
elevate the style. Roscommon. To be revived 
from death. St. Matt. xxvi. To come by chance. 
Spenser. To be elevated in situation. Dryden. 

RISE, rise. 437, 560. n. s. The act of rising, locally 
or figuratively. Ld. Bacon. The act of mounting 
from the ground. Bacon. Eruption; ascent. Bacon. 
Place that favours the act of mounting aloft. Creech. 
Elevated place. Denham. Appearance, as of the 
sun in the east. Waller. Increase in any respect. 
Increase of price. Temple. Beginning; original. 
Locke. Elevation ; increase of sound. Bacon. [Iirys, 
lcel. ; i-ys, Teut.] A bough ; a branch. Cliaucer. 

$5= This word very properly takes the pure sound of sto 
distinguish it from the verb, but does not adhere to this 
distinction so inviolably as the nouns use, ezcuse, &c. ; 
for we sometimes hear " the Rise and Fall of the Roman 
Empire," u the rise and fall of provisions," &c, with the 
s like 2. The pure s, however, is more agreeable to 
analogy, and ought to be scrupulously preserved in these 
pli rases by all correct speakers.— See Principles, No. 
437, 499. V/. 

RISEN, rlz'-zn. part, of To rise. 

RPSER, rl'-zfir. 98. n. s. One that rises. Chapman. 

RISIBI'LITY, rlz-e-bll'-e-te. n. s. The quality of 

laughing. Dryden. 
RI'SIBLE§, riz'-c-bl. 405. a. [risible, Fr.; risibilis, 

Lai.] Having the faculty or power of laughing. 



Gov. of the Tongue. Ridiculous ; exciting laugh 

ter. 
RPSING*. ri'-zing. n. s. Act of getting up from a 

fall. St. Luke, ii. Appearance of the sun, of a 

star, or other luminary, above the horizon, which 

before was hid beneath it. Ps. 1. A tumour. Lev. 

\iv. Tumult; insurrection. Shak. Resurrection. 

St. Mark, xi. 
RISK§, risk. n.s. [risque, Fr.; rischio, Ital.] Haz- 
ard ; danger ; chance of harm. South. 
To RISK, risk. i>. a. [risquer, Fr.] To hazard ; to 

put to chance ; to endanger. Addison. 
RI'SKER, risk'-ur. 98. n.s. He who risks. Butlet 
R1SSE. The obsolete preterit of lise. B. Jonson. 
RITE£, rite. n. s. [ril, Fr.; ritus, Lat.] Solemn act 

of religion; external observance. Hooker. 
RITORNE'LLO*, re-tcWl'-lo, n. s. [Ital.] The 

refrain, repeat, or burden, of an air or Song. Mason. 
RPTUAL, rit'-tshu-al. 463. a. [rituel, Fr.] Solemnly 

ceremonious; done according to some religious 

institution. Prior. 
RPTUAL, rit'-tshu-al. n. s. A book in which the rites 

and observances of religion are set down. Addison. 
RPTU ALIST, rit'-tshu-al-ist. n. s. One skilled in the 

ritual. Gregory. 
RI'TUALLY*, rlt'-tshu-al-le. ad. With some par 

ticular ceremony. Selden. 
RT VAGE. n. s. [Fr.] A bank ; a coast; the shore 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
RPVAL §, rl'-v&l. 88. n. s. [rivalis, Lat.] One who is 

in pursuit of the same thing which another man 

pursues ; a competitor. Dryden. A competitor in 

love. Sidney. 
RPVAL, rl'-val.a. Standing in competition; making 

the same claim ; emulous. Shakspeare. 
To RPVAL, rl'-val. v. a. To stand in competition 

with another; to oppose. South. To emulate; to 

endeavour to equal or excel. Dryden. 
To RPVAL, rl'-val. v. n. To be competitors. Shak. 
RIVA'LITY, rl-val'-e-te. n. s. [rivalitas ; Lat.] Equal 

rank. Shak. Competition; rivalry. Ob. J. 
RPVALRY, rl'-val-re. n. s. Competition ; emulation. 
- Addison. 
fcl VALSHIP, rl'-val-shlp. n. s. The state or charae 

ter of a rival. B. Jonson. 
To RIVE §, rive. r. a. preter. rived, part, riven. 

[jiypfc, Sax..; rijven, Dutch.] To split; to cleave; 

to divide by a blunt instrument ; to force in disrup- 
tion. Spenser. 
To RIVE, rive. v. n. [rifwa, Su. Goth.] To be split j 

to be divided by violence. Chaucer. 
To RI'VEL§, rlv'-v'l. 102. v. a. feepipleb, Sax.: 

ruyffelen., Teut.] To contract into wrinkles ana 

corrugations. Gower. 
RFVEL* riv'-v'l. 



\ n. s. Wrinkle. Wicliffe 



RI'VELING*, riv'-v'l-lng. 

RPVEN, riv'-v'n. 103. part.'ofrwe. 

RPVER§, riv'-ur. 98. n. s. [riviere, Fr. ; rims, Lat.] 
A land current of water bigger than a brook. 
Locke. 

RI'VER*, rl'-vur. n. s. One who spilts or cleaves. 
Echard. 

RIVER-DRAGON, rlv'-ur-drag'-un. n. s. A croco- 
dile. Milton. 

RPVERET, rlv'-fir-et. n. s. [diminutive of river.] A 
small stream ; a rill. Drayton. 

RIVER-GOD, rfv'-ujvgod. n. s. Tutelary deity of a 
river. Arbuthnot, 

RIVER-HORSE, rlv'-nr-h6rse, n. s. Hippopotamus. 
Milton. 

RPVET §, rlv'-it. 99. n. s. [river, Fr.] A fastening pin 
cienched at both ends. Shakspeare. 

To RPVET, rlv'-?t. v. a. To fasten wjth rivets. B. 
Jonson. To fasten strongly; to make immova- 
ble. Shak. To drive or clench a rivet, Moxon. 

RPVULET, r?v'-u-let. n. s. [rivulus, Lat.] A small 
river ; a brook ; a streamlet. Milton. 

RIXA'TION* r?ks-a'-shun. n.s, [rixatio, Lat.] A 
brawl ; a quarrel. Cockeram. 

RIXDO'LLAR, rJks^ddl-lflr. n. s. A German coin, 
worth about four shillings and six-pence sterling 1 
Diet. * 

787 



ROB 



ROD 



EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;- 



ROACH, rotsh. 295. n. s. [peohche, Sax.] A fish. 
Walton. — As sound as a roach, [roche, Fr. a rock.] 
Apparently a corrupt phrase. Firm ; stout. Pegge. 
ROAD, r6de. 295. n. s. [rode, Fr. ; route, Fr.] Large 
way j path. Suckling. Ground where ships may 
anchor. Shak. Inroad; incursion. Sliak. Jour- 
ney. SliaJc. The act or state of travelling. Law. 
ROA'DSTEAD*, r6de'-steU ?i. s. A place fit for 

ships to anchor in. London Gaz. Extraord. 
ROA'DWAY*, rode^wa. n. s. Course of the publick 

road; highway. Shakspeare. 
To ROAM\ r6me. 295. v. n. {romigare, Ital.] To 
wander without any certain purpose; to ramble; 
to rove ; to play the vagrant. Prior. 
To ROAM, r6me. v. a. To range ; to wander over. 

Milton. 
ROAM*, r6me. \n. s. Act of wandering. 

ROAMING*, ro'-ntfng. \ More. 
ROA'MER, r<V-mur. 98. n. s. A rover : a rambler; a 

wanderer ; a vagrant. Vis. of P. Plowman. 
ROAN, rone. 295. a. [rouen, Fr.] Bay, sorrel, or 
black colour, with gray or white spots interspersed 
very thick. Farrier's Diet. 
To ROAR §, rdre. v. n. [jiapan, Sax. ; reeren, Teut.] 
To cry as a lion or other wild beast. Spenser. To 
cry in distress. SIiu/c. To sound as tile wind or 
sea. Dryden. To make a loud noise. Milton. 
ROAR, r6re. 295. n. s. The cry of the lion or other 
beast. Thomson. An outcry of distress. A clam- 
our of merriment. Shale. The sound of the wind 
or sea. Phillips. Any loud noise. Milton. 
ROA'RER, r6re'-ur. n. s. A noisy, brutal man. Bp. 

Hall. One who bawls. Dr. Johnson. 
ROA'RING*, r&e'-ing. ». s. Cry of the lion or other 
beast. Prov. xix. Outcry of distress. Job, iii. 
Sound of the wind or sea. Isaiah, v. 
ROA'RY, ro'-re. a. [better rory ; rores, Lat.] Dewy. 

Fairfax. 
To ROAST§, rost. 295. v. a. [rostir, rotir, Fr.; 
rosten, Germ. ; gepoycoty, Sax.] To dress meat 
by turning it round before the fire. Prov. xii. To 
impart dry heat to flesh. Swift. To dress at the 
fire without water. Bacon. To heat any thing 
violently. Shak. [In common conversation.] T& 
jeer or banter. Scott. 
%3° It is a little singular that, instead of the participle 
of this verb, we should use the verb itself for the adjec- 
tive in roast beef, a roast fowl ; whilst we say a roast- 
ed apple, a roasted potatoe, and, as Shakspeare has it, 
a roasted egg. W. 
ROAST, for roasted. Addison. 
ROAST, rost. n. s. That which is roasted. Sir J. 
Harrington. [In common conversation.] Banter. 
— To rule the roast. To govern ; to manage ; to 
preside. Tusser. 
ROA'STER*, r6st ; -ur. n. s. One who roasts meat. 

Sherwood. A gridiron. Ainsworth. 
FtOB, rdb. n.s. [Arab.] Inspissated juices. Arbuth- 

not. 

To ROB§, rob. v. a. [roher, old Fr. ; robbare, Ital. ; 

rauben, Germ, and Teut.] To deprive of any thing 

by unlawful force, or by secret theft ; to plunder. 

Shak. To set free ; to deprive of something bad : 

ironical, Shak. To take away unlawfully. Bacon. 

ROBBER, rob'-bfir. 98. n. s. One that plunders by 

force, or steals by secret means; a plunderer; a 

thief. South. 

RO'BBERY, rob'-bur-e. n.s. [roberie, old Fr.] Theft 

perpetrated by force or with privacy. Temple. 
RO'BBINS*, r&b'-blns. n.s. [raaband, Swed.] Small 

ropes which fasten sails to the yards. 
ROBE §, robe. n. s. [robbe, Fr. ; robba, Ital.] A gewn 

of state : a dress of dignity. Shakspeare. 
To ROBE, r6be. v. a. To dress pompously ; to invest. 

Bacon. 

RO'BERDSMAN, r&b'-b&rds-man. )n. s. In the 

RO'BERTSMAN, r&b'-burts-man. $ old statutes, 

a sort of bold and stout robbers or night thieves, 

said to be so called from Robinhood, a famous 

robber. 

ROBERT, r&b'-bort. n. s. An herb ; stork-bill. 

Ainsworth. 



RO/BERTINE*, rob'-bftr-tin. n. s . One of a par- 
ticular order of monks, from one Robert Flower, 
who got institution of an order about the year 
1137, which, after his own name, he called Robert 
ins. Weever. 

ROBIN, r&b'-bin. ) 

ROBIN-RED-BREAST, r&b-bin-red'-brest. \ n ' s 
,A bird so named from his red breast. Suckling. 

ROBIN-GOODFELLOW, r&b'-bln-gud'-fel-l6 ?„. s . 
One of our old domestick goblins. Dering. 

ROBORA'TION*, r6b-6-ra / -shun. n. s. [roboration. 
Fr.] A strengthening ; a confirmation of strength. 
Coles. Ob. T. 

ROBO'REOUS, r6-b6'-re-us. a. [rol/ur, Lat.] Made 
of oak. Diet. 

ROBUST &, re-bust'. ) a. [robustus, Lat/1 

ROBU / STIOUS8,r6-b6st / -yus.] Strong; sinewy; 
vigorous ; forceful. Milton. Requiring strength. 
Locke. Robustious is now only used in low lan- 
guage. 

ROBU'STIOUSLY*, r6-bust'-yus-le. ad. With vio 
lence ; with fury. Bp. Richardson. 

ROBU'STIOUSNESS*,r6-biW-yus-nes.7i.5.Qual 
ity of being vigorous. Sir E. Sandys. 

ROBUSTNESS, ro-b&st'-nes. n.s. Strength; vig- 
our. Arbuthnot. 

RO CAMBOLE, rok'-am-b6le. n. s. A sort cf wild 
garlick. Mortimer. 

ROCHE-ALUM, ritsh-al'-lum. n. s. [roche, Fr.] A 

Surer kind of alum. Mortimer. 
CHET, rotsh'-lt. n. s. [rochet, Fr.] An outer gar- 
ment. Chaucer. A linen habit now peculiar to a 
bishop, worn under the chimere. Wliealtey. A fish 
Usually written rotchet. Chambers. 

ROCK §, rok. n.s. [roc, roche, Ft,', rocca, ital.] A 
vast mass of stone, fixed m the earth. Sliak. Pro- 
tection ; defence : a scriptural sense. King Charles, 
[rock, Dan.; rocca, Ital.] A distaff held in the 
hand, from which the wool was spun by twirling a 
ball below. B. Jonson. 

To R.OCK §, rok. v. a. [rocquer, Fr. ; hrocka, Icel.] 
To shake; to move backwards and forwards. 
Boyle. To move the cradle, in order to procure 
sleep. Shak. To lull ; to quiet. Slmkspeare. 

To ROCK, rok. v. n. To be violently agitated; to 
reel to and fro. Phillips. 

RO CKING*, rok'-kfng. n. s. State of being shaken 
Young. 

ROCK-DOE, r&k'-d6. n. s. A species of deer. Grew. 

ROCK-RUBY, r6k'-r6o-be. n. s. A name given to 
the garnet, when it is of a very strong, but not deep 
red, and has a fair cast of the blue. Hill. 

ROCK-PIGEON*, r&k'-pSd-jin. n.s. A sort of pigeon 
which builds in rocks. Mortimer. 

ROCK-SALT, rok'-salt. n.s. Mineral salt. Wood- 
ward. 

RO'CKER, r&k'-k&r. 98. n. s. One who rocks the 
cradle. Dry den. 

RO'CKET, fok'-kft. 99. n. s. [rocchetto, Ital.] An ar 
tificial firework, being a cylindrical case of paper 
filled with nitre, charcoal, and sulphur, and which 
mounts in the air to a considerable height, and 
there bursts. Addison. 

RO'CKET, r&k'-kit. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

RO CKINESS*, r6k y -ke-nes. n. s. State of being 
rocky. Bp. H. Croft. 

RO'CKLESS, r6k'-les. a. Being without rocks. 
Dryden. 

ROCKROSE, r&k'-r&ze. n. s. A plant. 

RO CKWORK, rok'-wurk. n. s. Stones fixed in 
mortar, in imitation of the asperities of rocks. A 
natural wall of rock. Addison. 

RO CKY, r6k'-ke. a. Full of rocks. Sandys. Re- 
sembling a rock. Milton. Hard; stony; obdurate. 
Sliakspeare. 

ROD§, r&d. n.s. [roede, Dutch.] A long twig. Boyle. 
A kind of sceptre. Shak. Any thing long and 
slender. Gay. An instrument for measuring. Ar- 
buthnot. An instrument of correction, made of 
twigs tied together. Spenser. 

RO'DDY*, r&d'-de. a. Full of rods or twigs Col* 
grave. Ob. T. 

788 



ROL 



ROM 



-mS, move, ndr, nAt ; — tube, tflb, hull ; — 6il ; — pofmd ; — (hin, this. 



RODE, r6de. pret. of ride. Milton. 
RODE*, rode. n. s. [nob, Sax.] The cross. See 
Rood. 

RO POMOXT*, r6d'-6-m6nt. 7i. s. See Rodo- 
montade. A vain boaster. Sir T. Herbert. 
RO DOMONT*, rdd'-6-m&nt. a. Bragging ; vainly 

boasting. v 

RODOMONTADE, rod-o-mdn-tade'. ; n.s. [from 

RODOMONTA DO* r6d-6-mdn-ta'-d6. \ a boastful, 

boisterous hero of Ariosto, called Rodomonte.] An 

empty, noisy bluster or boast 5 a rant. Sir T. 

Herbert. 

To RODOMONTA'DE, r6d-o-m6n-tade'. v. n. To 

brag thrasorncallv ; to boast like Rodomonte. 
RODOMONTA'DIST*, r6d-6-m6n-ta'-dist. > 
RODOMONTA'DOR*, r6d-6-mdn-ta'-dur. \ n ' s ' 

One who brags or blusters. Terry. 
ROE$, r6. ii.s. [pa, pa-beop, Sax.] A species of 
deer, yet found in the highlands of Scotland. 1 
Chron'. 
ROE, r6. n. s. old pi. roan, answering to roes, [raun, 

Dan. ; rogen, Germ.] The ejrgs offish. Shak. 
ROGATION, ro-gi'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.; from rogo, 

Lat.] Litany ; supplication. Hooker. 
ROGATION-WEEK. f6-gi'-shfin-week. «. s. The 
second week before Whitsunday ; thus called from 
three fasts observed therein, the" Monday, Tuesday, 
and Wednesday, called rogation days, because of 
the extraordinary prayers and processions then 
made for the fruits of the earth, or as a prepara- 
tion for the devotion of holy Thursday. Did. 
ROGUE $,' r6g. 337. n.s. [prachgen. Dutch.] A wan- 
dering beggar ; a vagrant; a vagabond. Spejiser. 
A knave ; a dishonest fellow ; a villain ; a thief. 
Slia/c. A name of slight tenderness and endear- 
ment. SJiak. [rogue, Fr. malapert, saucy.] A w?g. 
Shakspeare. 
To ROGUE, r6g. v. n. To wander ; to play the 
vagabond. Spenser. To play knavish tricks. Beau- 
mon 1 . and Fletclter. 
RO GUERY, ri'-g&r-e. 98. n. s. The life of a vaga- 
bond. Donne. Knavish tricks. Spenser. Wag- 
gery; arch tricks. Life of A. Wood. 
R(>GUESHIP, rog'-ship. n. s. The qualities or per- 
sonage of a rogue. Beanwnt and Fletcher. 
ROGUISH, ro^gfsh. a. Vagrant ; vagabond. Spen 
ser. Knavish; fraudulent. Swift. Waggish; wan 
ton; slightly mischievous. Driiden. 
ROGUISHLY, ro'-gish-le. ad. "Like a rogue ; kna 

vishlv ; wantonly. Granger. 
RO'GUISHNESS, ro'-g?sh-nes. n. s. The qualities 

of a rogue. 
RO GU\ , r6'-ge. 315. a. Knavish ; wanton. Marston. 
ROIN*. r6?n. n.s. [rogue, Fr.] A scab; a scurf. 

Chancer. Oh. T. 
To ROIN. See To Roy.ve. 
ROINISH. See Roynjss. 
ROINT*, or ROYNT*, roimt. ad. Aroynt; be gone; 

stand off*. See Aroynt. Grose. 
To ROIST §, r6?st. ) v. n. [hrister, Icel.] To 

ToROFSTERS, rdls'-tfir. $ behave turbulently; 
to act at discretion ; to be at free quarter ; to blus- 
ter. Sluikspeare. 
ROFSTER, roiV-tur. 299. n.s. A turbulent, brutal, 
lawless, blustering fellow. Mirror for Magistrates. 
RO'KY*, r6'-ke. a. [roock, Teut.] Misty 5 cloudy. 

Ray. 
To ROLL$, rile. 40G. r. a. [rouler, Fr.; rollen, 
Dutch.] To move any thing by volutation, or suc- 
cessive application of the different parts of the sur- 
face to the ground. St. Mark, xvii. To move any 
thing round upon its axis. To move in a circle. 
Milton. To produce a periodical revolution. Mil- 
ton. To wrap round upon itself. To inwrap ; to 
involve in baadage. Wiseman. To form by roll- 
ing into round masses. Peacham. To pour in a 
stream or waves. Pope. 
To ROLL, r6le. v. n. To be moved by the succes- 
sive application of all parts of the surface to a plane ; 
as a cylinder. Milton. To run on wheels. Dryden. 
To perform a periodical revolution. Dryden. To 
move with the surface variously directed. Milton. 



To float in rough water. Pope. To move as wave* 
or volumes ol water. Milton. To fluctuate ; to 
move tumultuously. Prior. To revolve on an 
axis. Sandys. To be moved with violence. Milton. 
ROLL, rile. 11. s. The act of rolling ; the state of be- 
ing rolled. The thing rolling. Thomson, [rouleau, 
Fr.] Mass made round. Addison. Writing rolled 
upon itself; a volume. Prior. A round body roll- 
ed along ; a cylinder. Mortimer, [rotulus^ Lat.] 
Puhlick writing. Shak. A register ; a catalogue. 
Sidney. Chronicle. Dryden. \role, Fr.] Part; of- 
fice. L'Estran^e. 
RO'LLER, r6'-lur. 98. n. s. [rouleau, Fr.] Any 
thing turning on its own axis, as a heavy stone to 
level wa.\k$!~ Hammond. Bandage ; fillet. Wiseman 
RO'LLINGPIN, rc-'-ling-pin. n. s. A round piece ot 
wood tapering at each end, with which paste is 
moulded. Wiseman. 
ROLLING-PRESS, ro'-lrng-pres. n. s. A cylinder 
rolling upon another cylinder, by which engravers 
print their plates upon paper. Massey. 
RO'LLYPOOLY,r<y-le-p66-le. n.s. A sort of game, 
in which, when a ball rolls into a certain place, it 
wins. A corruption of roll ball into tlie pool. Ar 
hut! mot. 
RO'MAGE, riW-m?dje. 90. n. s. A tumult; a bus- 
tle ; an active and tumultuous search for any thing. 
It is commonly written rummage. Shakspeare. 
To RO'MAGE**, rum'-mfdje. w. a. To search. Swift. 
RO MAN §*, ri'-man. n. s. [Romanus, Lat.] A na- 
tive of Rome ; one of the people of Rome ; a free- 
man cf Rome. Acts, xxii. One of the Christian 
church at Rome, consisting partly of Jewish and 
partly of heathen converts, to whom St. Paul ad 
dressed an epistle. Locke. A papist ; a romanist 
Lightfoot. 
RO'MAN*, ro'-man. a. Relating to the people of 
Rome. Sherlock. Popish ; professing the religion 
of the pope of Rome. Bwnet. 
ROMA'NCE §, r6-manse'. n. s. [roman, Fr. ; roman- 
za, Ital.] A military fable of the middle ages; a 
tale of wild adventures in war and love. Milton. A 
lie ; a fiction. Prior. 
To ROMA'NCE. r6-manse'. w. n. To lie ; to forge 

Richardson. 
ROMA'NCER, ro-mans'-ur. 98. n.s. A writer of ro- 
mances. Aubrey. A liar; a forger of tales. L'Es- 
tranze. 
ROMA'NCY*, ro-man'-se. a. Romantick ; full of 

wild scenerv. Life of A. Wood. Ob. T. 
RO'MANTSM*, r6'-man-?zm. n. s. Tenets of the 

church of Rome. Brevint. 
ROMANIST*, r6'-man-ist. n. s. A papist. Bp. Hall. 
To RO MANIZE, ro'-man-lze. v. a. To convert to 
Romish or papistical opinions. Mir. for Mag. To 
latinize ; to fill with modes of the Roman speech. 
Dryden. 
To RO'MANTZE*, i6'-man-"ze. v. n. To follow a 
Romish opinion, custom, or mode of speech. Light- 
foot. 
ROMA'NTICAL*, r6-man'-te-kal. ) a. Reserrblmg 
ROMA'NTICK, r6-man'-tik. \ the tales of ro 

mances; wild. Keil. Improbable; false. Scott. 
Fanciful; full of wild scenery. Thomson. 
ROMANTICALLY*, ro-man'-le-kal-le. ad. Wildly 5 

extravagantlv. Pope. 
ROMA'NTICKNESS* ri-man'-ilk-ngs. n.s. State 

or quality of being romantick. 
ROME t, room. [rOOm, Perry and Jones ; roflm, or 
r6me, Fulton and Knight.'] n. s. The capital city 
of Italy, supposed to have been founded by Romu- 
lus, and once the mistress of the world. 
§CF The in this word seems irrevocably fixed in the- 
English sound of that letter in move, prove, &c. Pope,, 
indeed, rhymes it with dome .- 

"Thus when we view some well-proportion'd dome, 
" The world's just wonder, and ev'n thine, Rome ." — 
But, as Mr. Nares observes, it is most probable that he 
pronounced this word as if written doom, as he rhymes 
Rome with doom afterwards in the same poem : 
" From the same foes at last both felt their doom ; 
" Aad the same age saw learning fall and Rome." 

Essay on Criticism, v. 685. 
789 



ROO 



ROR 



O 3 559. — Fate, for, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- 



The truth is, nothing certain can be concluded from the 
rhyming of poets. It may serve to confirm an estab- 
lished usage, but can never direct us where usage is 
various and uncertain. But the pun which Shakspeare 
puts into the mouth of Cassius in Julius Caesar, decided- 
ly shows what was the pronunciation of this word in 
his time : 

" Now it is Rome, indeed, and room enough, 
" When there is in it but one only man." 

And the Grammar in Queen Anne's time, recommended 
by Steele, says, the city Rome is pronounced like room ; 
and Dr. Jones, in his Spelling Dictionary, 1704, gives it 
the same sound. W. 

RO'MEPENNY*. } n. s. [jiome-psenig, and pome- 

RCMESCOT*. 5 r c °tt, Sax.] Peter-pence, 
which see. Milton. 

RO'MISH, rxV-mish. a. Roman ; respecting' the peo- 

Sle of Rome. Drant. Popish. Ayliffe. 
'MIST*, r6 / -mist. n. s. A papist. Smith. 

ROMP §, romp. n. s. [from ramp.] A rude, awk- 
ward, boisterous, untaught girl. Arbuthnot. Rough, 
rude play. Thomson. 

To ROMP, romp. v. n. To play rudely, noisily, and 
boisterously. Swift. 

RO'MPISH*, r&m'-plsh.. a. Inclined to rude or rough 
play. Ash. 

RO'MPISHNESS* rW-plsh-nSs. n.s. Disposition 
to rude sport. Spectator. 

RONDEA U, ron-d6'. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of ancient 
poetry, commonly consisting ofthirteen verses ; of 
which eight have one rhyme and five another : it 
is divided into three couplets, and at the end of the 
second and third, the beginning of the rondeau is | 
repeated in an equivocal sense, if possible. War- 
ton. A kind of jig, or lively tune, which ends with 
the first strain repeated. 

RO NDLE, r&n'-dl. n.s. [rondelle, old Fr.] A round 
mass. Peacham. 

RO'NDURE* r&nd'-ure. n.f. [rondeur, Fr.] A cir- 
cle ; a round. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

RO'NION, rfin'-yun. 113. n.s. [rogne, royne, Fr.] 
A fat, bulky woman. Shakspeare. 

RONG*, r&ng. The old pret. and part, of ring. 
Chancer. 

RONT, runt. >^5. n.s. An animal stinted in the 
growth : commonly pronounced runt. Spenser. 

ROOD, rood. 306. n. s. [pob, Sax.] The fourth part 
of an acre in square measure, or one thousand two 
hundred and ten square yards. Swift. A pole ; a 
measure of sixteen feet and a half in long measure. 
Milton, [pobe, Sax.] The cross ; an image or 
picture of our Saviour upon the cross, with those of 
the Virgij'* Mary and St. John on each side of it. 
Spenser. 

ROO'DLOFT, i$5d'-]6ft. n. s. A gallery in the 
church on which the cross, or the representation 
already mentioned, was set to view. Ashmole. 

ROOF §, r36f. 306. w, s. [hpop, Sax.] The cover of 
a house. Sidney. The house in general. Chapman. 
The vault ; the inside of the arch that covers a 
building. Hooker. The palate ; the upper part of 
the mouth. Shakspeare. 

To KOOF, r56f. v. a. To cover with a roof. Milton. 
To enclose in a house. Shakspeare. 

ROOTLESS*, r66f'-les. a. [nopleaj-, Sax.] Want- 
ing a roof; uncovered. Hughes. 

ROO'FY, roof-e. a. Having roofs. Dry den. 

ROOKy, ro6k. 306. [ruk, Jones, Pulton and 
Knight.] n. s. [hpoc, Sax.] A bird resembling a 
crow : it feeds not on carrion, but grain. Shak 
One of the pieces used at the game of chess. Dry- 
den. A cheat; atrickish, rapacious fellow. Milton. 

To ROOK, ro5k. v. n. To rob ; to cheat. Locke. 

To ROOK*, r56k. v. a. To cheat ; to plunder by 
cheating. Aubrey. 

To ROOK*, r&ok. v. n. To squat. See To Ruck. 

ROO'KERY, r63k'-&r-e. n. s. A nursery of rooks. 
Pope. 

ROOKY, roOk'-e. a. Inhabited by rooks. Shak. 

ROOM §, r5om. 306. n. s. [num, Sax.] Space ; ex- 
tent of place great or small. Milton. Space or 
place unoccupied. Beniley. Way unobstructed. 
Shak. Place of another ; stead. Hooker. Unob- 



structed opportunity. Addison. Possible admission 
possible mode. A. Philips. An apartment in a 
house ; so much of a house as is enclosed within 
partitions. Shak. Particular place or station 
Spenser. Office. Cavendish. 
ROO'MAGE, rOOmMdje. 90 v s. Space; place. 

Wolton. 
ROO'MFUL*, rdSm'-ful. a. Abounding with rooms. 

Donne. Ob. T. 
ROO'MINESS, roSm'-e-nes. n. s. Space ; quantity 

of extent. 
ROOMTH*, r66mi!/i. n. s. Space ; place. Drarjton 
ROO'MTHY*, ro^m^/ie. a. Spacious. Fuller. 
ROO'MY, rftSm'-e. a. Spacious ; wide ; large. Dry- 
den. 
ROOP*, rfidp. n. s. [hroop, Ice!.] A hoarseness. Ray. 
ROOST y , roost. 306. n.s. [hporfc, Sax.] That on 
which a bird sits to sleep. Dryden. The act of sleep- 
ing. Derham. 
To ROOST, r88st. v. n. [roesten, Dutch.] To sleep 

as a bird. L' Estrange. To lodge : in burlesque. 
ROOT y, root. 306. n. s. [rot. Swed. ; roed, Danish. | 
That part of the plant which rests in the ground, 
and supplies the stems with nourishment. Evelyn. 
The bottom ; the lower part. Milton. A plant of 
which the root is esculent. Watts. The original ; the 
first cause. Temple. The first ancestor. Slmk. Fix- 
ed residence. Impression ; durable effect. Hooker. 
To ROOT, r35t. v.n. To fix the root; to strike far 
into the earth. Sliak. To turn up earthy to search 
in the earth. Browne. To sink deep. Fell. 
To ROOT, r66t. v. a. To fix deep in the earth. Dry- 
den. To impress deeply. South. To turn up out 
of the ground ; to radicate j to extirpate. Shak. 
To destroy ; to banish : with particles. Milton. 
ROOT-BOUND*, r66t y -b6und. a. Fixed to the 

earth by a root. Milton. 
ROOT-BUILT*, r66V-b?lt. a. Built of roots. Slien- 

stone. 
ROOT-HOUSE*, rodt'-hSus. n.s. An edifice of 

roots. Dodsley. 
ROOTED, rofit'-Sd. a. Fixed ; deep ; radical. Ham- 
mond. 
ROOTEDLY*, root'-ed-le. ad. Deeply; strongly. 

Shakspeare. 
ROO'TER*, rocV-ftr. n. s. One who tears up by the 

root. South. 
ROOTY, root'-e. a. Full of roots. Diet. 
ROPEy, rope. n. s. [pap, Sax.; reep; roop, Dutch.] 
A cord ; a string; a halter; a cable; a halser. 
Bacon. Any row of thing's depending : as, a rope 
of onions. Locke, [poppay, Sax.] The intestines 
of birds : as, the ropes of a woodcock. 
To ROPE, rope. v. n. To draw out into viscosities ; 

to concrete into glutinous filaments. Bacon. 
RO'PEDANCER, ripe'-dans-fir. n. s. An artist who 

dances on a rope. Wilkins. 
ROTELADDER*, r6peMad-dfir. n.s. A portable 

ladder made of rope. 
ROTEMAKER, or Roper, ripe'-ma-kfir. n. s. One 

who makes ropes to sell. Shakspeare. 
ROTERY, rope'-ur-e. n. s. Rogue's tricks. Slunk . 

Place where ropes are made. Swinburne. 
ROTETRICK, rope'-trfk. n. s. Probably a rogue's 
trick ; a trick that deserves the halter. Shakspeare. 
RO'PEWALK* r6pe'-wawk. n. s. Walk or place 

where ropes are made. 
RO'PINESS, rcZ-pe-ngs. n. s. Viscosity ; glutinous- 

ness. 
RO'PY, r6'-pe. a. Viscous; tenacious; glutinous. 

Dryden,. 
RO'QUELAURE, r6k-e-l6r'. n. s. [Fr., called sa 
after the duke of Roquelaure.] A cloak for men. 
Gay. 
RO'RALy*, rxV-ral. a. [roralis, Lat.] Dewy. Green:. 
RORA'TION, r6-ra'-shun. n. s. [rods, Lat.] A fall- 
ing of dew. Diet. 
RO'RID, ro'-rfd. a. [roridus, Lat.] Dewy. Granger „ 
RORPFEROUS, r6-rf P-fer-tk a. \ros and/ero, Lat.] 

Producing dew. Diet. , 

RORI FLUENT, r6-r?P-flu-ent. 518. a. [ros, and 
fluo, Lat.] Flowing with dew. Diet. 
790 



ROT 



ROU 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tftb, bull ;— dl) ;— pdund ;— tlun, thjs. 



KOSAKY. ro'-zar-e. 440. ;». s. [rosariM/n, Lat.] A 
bunch of beads, on which ihe Romanists nujw»«»r 
their prayers. Mi/ton. A bed of roses ; h p/ace 
where roses grow. Proceed, against Garnet, fyc. A 
chaplet. Bp. Taylor. 

ROSCID, ros'-sld. a. [roscidus, Lat.] Dewy; 
abounding- with dew ; consisting of dew. Bacon. 

ROSE$, rOze. n. s. [por-e, Sax!; rose, Fr. ; rosa, 
Lat.J A flower. Miller. A riband gathered into 
a knot in the form of a rose, and serving as a kind 
of ornamental shoe-lye, or knee-band. Shak. 
— Under the rose. With secrecy. Bp. Hall. 

ROSE. rOze. pret. oCrjse. Milton. 

ROSEAL*, rd'-zhe-al. a. [roseus, Lat.] Rosy; like 
a rose in smell or colour. Sir T. Elyot. 

ROSEATE, ri'-zhe-at. 91,452. a. [rosat, Fr.] Ro- 
sy; full of roses. Pope. Blooming; fragrant ; pur- 
ple, as a rose. Boyle. 

RO'SED. rozd. 359. u. Crimsoned; flushed. Shak. 

ROSE-MALLOW, r6ze'-mal-l6. n.s. A plant larger 
than the common mallow. Miller. 

RO'SEMARY, roze'-ma-re. n. s. [rosmannus, Lat.] 
A verticillate plant. Miller. 

ROSE-NOBLE, roze'-n6-bl. n. s. An English gold 
coin, in Value, anciently, sixteen shillings. Camden. 

ROSEWATER, r6ze'-wa-tur. n. s. W ater distil- 
led from roses. Sliakspeare. 

RO'SET, ro'-zet. n.s. [rosette, Fr.] A red colour for 
painters. Peacham. 

ROSICRU'CIAN*, r&s-e-krSd'-shan. n. s. [ros, Lat. 
and crux.] One of those philosophers, who, by the 
assistance of the dew, seek for light, or, in other 
words, the substance called the philosopher's stone. 
A sort of fantastick chymist ; a kind of quack or 
cheat. Walton. 

ROSICRU'CIAN*, ros-e-kroo'-shan. a. Of the Rosi- 
crucians. Hudibras. 

RO'SIER, ri'-zhe-ur. n. s. [rosier, Fr.] A rose-bush. 
Cliaucer. 

RO'SIN §, roz'-zm. n. s. [properly resin : resine, Fr.; 
rzsina, Lat.] Inspissated turpentine ; a juice of the 
pine. Garth. Any inspissated matter of vegeta- 
bles that dissolves in spirit. Arbuthnot. 

£5= When this word is used in a general or philosophical 
sense, for the fat, sulphurous part of vegetables, it is 
generally termed rtsin ; when in a more confined 
sense, signifying the inspissated juice of turpentine, it 
is called rosin : 
' ; Bouzobus, who could sweetly sing, 
" Or with the rosined bow torment the string." Gay. 

W. 

To RO'SIN, roz'-zm. v. a. To rub with rosin. Gay. 

RO'SINESS*, rd'-ze-nes. n. s. State or quality of 
being rosy. Davenant. 

RO'SINY, roz'-z?n-e. a. Resembling rosin. Tem- 
ple. 

RO'SLAND. r5s'-land. n. s. Heathy land ; also wa- 
tery, moorish land. Bailey. 

RO'SSEL §, ros'-s?l. 99. n. s. Light land. Mortimer. 

RO'STRAL* ros'-tral. a. [rostrum, Lat.] Having 
some resemblance to the beak of a ship, or rostrum. 
Taller. ' , 

RO'STRATED, rds'-tra-ted. a. [rostralus, Lat.] 
Adorned with the beaks of ships. Arbuthnot. 

ROSTR UM, r&s'-tr&m. n. s. [Lat.] The beak of a 
bird. The beak of a ship. The scaffold whence 
orators harangued. Peacliam. The pipe which 
conveys the distilling liquor into its receiver in the 
common alembicks; also, a crooked scissor, which 
the surgeons use in some cases for the dilatation of 
wounds. Quincy. 

RO'SY, rrV-ze. 438. a. [roseus, Lat.] Resembling a 
rose in bloom, beauty, colour, or fragrance. Spen- 
ser. Made in the form of a rose. B. Jonson. 

To ROT$, rot. v. n. [potian, Sax. ; rotten, Dutch.] 
To pulrefy ; to lose the cohesion of its parts. Shak. 

To ROT, r&t. v. a. To make putrid ; to bring to 
corruption. Bacon. 

HOT, r&t. n. a. A distemper among sheep, in which 
their luags are wasted. Milton. Putrefaction ; pu- 
trid decay. Phillips. 

RO TA*, ro'-tl n. s. [Lat.] A particular court of 



Sapal jurisdiction, consisting of twelve doctors. 
himet. A club of politicians, in the history of this 
country, who, when the government so ollen wa- 
vered in 1659, were for contriving an equal govern- 
ment by rotation. Hudibras. 
ROTARY, ro'-ta-re. a. [rota, Lat.] Whirlirg as a 

wheel. Diet. 
ROTATED, ro'-ta-ted. a. [rotatus, Lat.] Whirled 

round. 
ROTATION, ro-ta'-shun. n. s. [rotatio, Lat.] The 
act of whirling round like a wheel ; the state of be- 
ing so whirled round ; whirl. Bacon. Vicissitude 
of succession. Butler. 
ROTATOR, ri-ta'-t&r. 166. n. s. [Lat.] That 

which gives a circular motion. Wiseman. 
ROTATORY, ro'-ta-tur-e. a. [rotatus, Lat.] Whirl- 
ing ; running round with celerity. Paley. 
ROTE $, r6te. n. s. [rote, old Fr. ; from the Lat. rota.] 
A musical instrument. Chaucer, [rotine, old Fr.] 
Words uttered by mere memory without meaning j 
memory of words without comprehension of the 
sense. Sliakspeare. 
To ROTE, r&te. v. a. To fix in the memory, without 

informing the understanding. Sliakspeare. 
To ROTE*, rote. v. n. [rota, Lat.] To go out by ro- 
tation or succession. Grey. 
ROTGUT, r&t'-gut. n. s. [rot and gut.] Bad beer. 

Harvey. 
ROTHER-BEASTS*. n.s. [hp.yd , eji,Sax.] Horn- 
ed cattle ; black cattle. Golding. 
ROTHER-NA1LS. n.s. [a corruption of rudder.] 
[Among shipwrights.] Nails with very full heads 
used for fastening the rudder irons of ships. Bai 
ley. 
ROTHER-SOIL*. n.s. The dung of rother-beasts. 

Bailey^ 
ROTTEN, rot'-tn. 103. a. Putrid ; carious ; putres- 
cent. Sliak. Not firm: not trusty. Shak. Not 
sound ; not hard. Knolles. Fetid ; stinking. Shak. 
ROTTENNESS, r&t'-tn-nes. n. s. State of being 

rotten ; cariousness ; putrefaction. Sliakspeare. 
ROTU'ND §, rd-tund'. a. [rotundas, Lat.] Round j 

circular; spherical. Addison. 
ROTUNDIFO'LIOUS, ro-tfin-de-f&'-le-us. a. [ro- 
tundas and folium, Lat.] Having round leaves. 
ROTU'NDITY, r&-tfin'-de-tc. n. s. [rotundUas, Lat. 
rotundite, Fr.] Roundness 3 sphericity j circularity 
Sliakspeare. 
ROTU'NDO, ro-uV-dd. n. s. [rotondo, Ital.] A 
building formed round both in the inside and out 
side ; such as the pantheon at Rome. Addison. 
ROUGE, r66zhe. n.s. [Fr.] Red paint. 
ROUGE*, r66zhe. a. [Fr.] Red. Davies. 
To ROUGE*, r66zhe. u. n. To lay rouge upon the 

face : as. She rouges. 
To ROUGE*, r66zhe. v. a. To have the face colour- 
ed with rouge : as, She was rouged. 
J ROUGH §, ruf. 314, 391. a. [hjieop, jieoh, Sax.] Not 
smooth ; rugged ; having inequalities on the sur- 
face. Milton. Austere to the taste : as rough wine. 
Harsh to the ear. Shak. Rugged of temper; in- 
elegant of manners ; not soft ; coarse j not civil j 
severe ; not mild ; rude. Shak. Not gentle ; not 
proceeding by easy operation. Clarendon. Harsh 
to the mind ; severe. Locke. Hard-featured ; not 
delicate. Dryden. Not polished ; not finished by 
art : as, a rough diamond. Terrible ; dreadful. 
Milton. Rugged ; disordered in appearance $ 
coarse. Pope. Tempestuous ; stormy $ boisterous. 
Sliakspeare. Hairy ; covered with hair or feathers. 
ROUGH*, r&f. n. s. Not calm weather. P. Fletclier. 

Oh. T. 
To ROUGHCAST, ruf-kast.u.a. [rough and cast.] 
To mould without nicety or elegance ; to form with 
asperities and inequalities. Cleavekcnd. To form any 
thing in its first rudiments. Dryden. 
ROUGHCAST, ruf-kast. n. s. A rude model j 3 
form in its rudiments. Digby. A kind of plaster 
mixed with pebbles, or by some other cause very 
uneven on the surface. Shakspjeare. 
ROU'GHDRAUGHT, ruf-dra... n. s. A draught in 
its rudiments a sketch. Dryden, 
791 



ROU 



ROU 



QjT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat:— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



To ROU GHDRAW, r&P-draw. v. a. To trace 
v.a. To make rough. 



To ROUGHEN, r&f-fn. 103. 

Dryden. 
To ROU'GHEN, ruf-fn. v. n. To grow rough. 

Thomson. 
To ROU'GHHEW. ruf-hiV. v. a. [rough and hew.] 
To give to any thing the first appearance of form. 
Shafcspeare. 
ROU GHHEWN, ruf-hihne'. part. a. Rugged ; un- 
polished ; uncivil ; unrefined. Bacon. Not yet 
nicely finished. Howell. 
ROUGHLY, ruf-le. ad. With uneven surface ; with 
asperities on the surface. Harshly ; uncivilly ; rude- 
ly. Spenser. Severely ; without tenderness. Dry- 
den. Austerely to the taste. Boisterously; tem- 
pestuously. Harshly to the ear. 
ROUGHNESS, raf-nes. n. s. Superficial asperity ; 
unevenness of surface. Boyle. Austereness to the 
taste. Brown. Taste of astringency. Spectator. 
Harshness to the ear. Dry den. Ruggedness of 
temper ; coarseness of manners ; tendency to rude- 
ness; coarseness of behaviour and address. Bacon. 
Absence of delicacv. Addison. Severity ; violence 
of discipline. Viofence of operation in medicines. 
Unpolished or unfinished state. Inelegance of 
dress or appearance. Tempestuousuess ; stormi- 
ness. Coarseness of features. 
ROUGH-FOOTED, ruf-fut-eU a. Feather-footed : 

as. '• a rough-footed dove." Sherwood. 
ROUGH-RIDER t, r&f-rl'-d&r. n.s. One that breaks 

horses for riding. 
ROUGH-SHOD*, r&P-shod. a. [rough and shod.] 
Having the foot fitted, when the roads in frosty 
weather are slippery, with a rougheneu shoe : used 
of horses. 
ROU GHINGS*, r&f-fingz. n.s. pi. G-ass after mow- 
ing or reaping. 
ROUGHT, rawt. 319. [old pret. of reach.] Reached. 

Slutkspeare. 
To ROUGHWORK, ruf-w&rk. v, a. To work 

coarselv over without the least nicety. Moxon. 
ROULEAU*, ro6'-l6. n.s. [Fr.] A little roll; a 

roll of guineas made up in a paper. Pope. 
To ROUN*, rdun. v. n. [punian, Sax.] To whisper. 

Gower. 
To ROUN*, r6un. v. a. To address in a whisper. 

Breton. 
ROU'NCEVAL, rSun'-se-val. 313. n.s. [from Roun- 
cesval, a town at the foot of the Pyrenees.] A spe- 
cies of pea. Tusser. 
ROUNDS round. 313. a. [rond, Fr. ; rondo, Ital.] 
Cylindrical. Milton. Circular. Broicn. Spheri- 
cal ; orbicular. MiUon. [rotundo ore, Lat.] Smooth ; 
without defect in sound. Fell. Whole ; not broken. 
Arbulhnot. Large ; not inconsiderable : this is 
hardly used but with sum or price. Sluilc. Plain ; 
clear; fair; candid ; open. Bacon. Quick; brisk. 
Dryden. Plain ; free without delicacy or re- 
serve; almost rough. Shakspeare. 
ROUND, round, n. s. A circle ; a sphere ; an orb. 
Sluik. Rundle ; step of a ladder. Dryden. The 
time in which any thing has passed through all 
hands, and comes back to the first : hence applied 
to a carousal. Suckling. A revolution ; a course 
ending at the point where it began. Milton. Ro- 
tation ; succession in vicissitude. Holyday. A walk 
performed by a guard or officer, to survey a cer- 
tain district. Langton. A dance ; a roundelay ; a j 
song. Davies. A general discharge of cannon or j 
fire-arms. James. 
ROUND, round, ad. Every way ; on all sides. Gen- \ 
esis. In a revolution. Government of the Tongue. 1 
Circula ly. MUtan. Not in a direct line. Pope. 
ROUND, found, prep. On every side of. Milton. 
About; circularly about. Dryden. All over; here 
and there in. Dryden. 
To ROUND, round, v.a. [rotundo, Lat.] To sur- 
round ; *.o encircle. Shak. To make spherical, 
circular, or cylindrical. Bacon. To raise to a re- 
lief. Addison. T& move about any thing. Milton. 
To mould into smoothness. Swift. 



To ROUND, r6und. v. n. To grow round in form. 
Shakspeare. To whisper. Sklney. To go rounds, 
as a guard. Milton. 

To ROUND, r6und. v. a. To address in a whisper : 
a corruption of roun. S]ienser. 

ROU ND ABOUT, round'-a-bout. a. Ample ; exten- 
sive. Locke. Indirect; loose. Felion. 

ROU'NDEL, rdun'-del. )n. s. [rontklet Fr.] 

ROU N DELAY, r6un'-de-la. \ A rondeau. Spen- 
ser, [rondelle, Fr.] A round form or figure. Ban-on. 

ROU'NDER, round'-ur. 98. n.s. See Rondure. 

ROUNDHEAD, rdund'-hed. n.s. [round and head.] 
A Puritan, so named from the practice once preva 
lent among them of cropping their hair round 
Spectalor. 

ROUNDHEA DED*, rSund'-h&d-ed. a. Having a 
round top. Lowth. 

ROU'NDHOUSE, r6und'-house. n. s. [round and 
house.] The constable's prison, in which disorderly 
persons, found in the street, are confined. Pope. 

ROUNDISH, rdund'-lsh. a. Somewhat round ; ap- 
proaching to roundness. Boyle. 

ROU NDLET*, r6und -let. n.s. A little circle. Greg- 
ory. 

ROC'NDLY*. r6und'-le. a. Somewhat round ; like 
a circle. W. Browne. 

ROU'NDLY, ro&ndMe. ad. In a round form; in a 
round manner. Openly ; plainly ; without reserve. 
Hooker. Briskly ; with speed. Locke. Complete- 
ly ; to the purpose ; vigorously ; in earnest. Shak. 

ROUNDNESS, round'-nes. n.s. Circularity; sphe- 
ricity; cylindrical form. Bacon. Smoothness. 
Spenser. Honesty ; openness ; vigorous measures. 
Raleigh. 

ROUND-ROBIN*, r6und'-rob-b?n . n. s. [ruban ron- 
de, Fr.] A written petition or remonstrance, signed 
by several persons round a ring or circle. Sir W 
Forbes. 
To ROUSE §. rouze. 313. v, a. [of the same class of 
words with raise or rise.] To wake from rest. Dry- 
den. To excite to thought or action. Chapman. 
To put into action. Spenser. To drive a beast 
from his lair. Gen. xlix. 
To ROUSE, r&uze. r. n. To awake from slumber. 
Milton. To be excited to thought or action. Shak. 

ROUSE, rouze. n. s. [rausch, Germ.] A large glass 
filled to the utmost, in honour of a health proposed. 
Shaksveare. 
ROU'SER, r6iY-zur. n. s. One who rouses. Shelton. 
ROUT §, rout. 313. n. s. [route, old Fr. ; rot, Teut.] 
A clamorous multitude ; a rabble ; a tumultuous 
crowd. Spenser. A select company. Chaucer. 
[route, Fr.] Confusion of an army defeated or dis 
persed. Daniel. 
To ROUT, rout. v. a. To dissipate and put into con- 
fusion by defeat. Spenser. 
To ROUT, rdut. v.n. To assemble in clamorous and 

tumultuous crowds. Bacon. 
To ROUT*, or ROWT*, rdut. v. n. [hriota, Icel. ; 

hputan, Sax.] To snore in sleep. Chaucer. 
To ROUT*, r6ut. v. n. To search in the ground, as a 
swine. A corruption of root. It is a low expres- 
sion also for making any search. Edwards. 
ROUTE, rout, or r&6t. [r66t, Jones, Fulton and 
Kniglit.] n. s. [route, Fr.] Road ; way. Gay. 



$5= Upon a more accurate observation of the best usage, 
I must give the preference to the first sound of this 
word, notwithstanding its coincidence in sound with 
another word of a different meaning ; the fewer French 
sounds of this diphthong we have in our language the 
better; nor does there appear any necessity For retain- 
ing the final c— See Bowl. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. 
Smith make a difference between rout, a rabble, and 
route, a road ; Mr. Scott gives both sounds, but seems 
to prefer the first; W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. 
Perry, pronounce both alike, and with the first sound. 
TV. 



112. n.«. [Fr.] Custom j 



RO U'l INE*, roo-teen' 
practice. Butler. 

$CT This is a French word adopted to express any prac- 
tice, proceeding in the same regular way, without any 
alteration according to circumstances. W. 
792 



RUB 



RUD 



— no. move, udr. u6l ;— lube, tub. bCllI j — 611 ; — pdtind j — //iin, THis. 



7V>ROVE$,r6ve. v.n. [rofver. Dan. ; rooven, Teal.] 

To ramble ; to raiiije f to wander. Shakspeare. 
To shoot an arrow called a rover. /Spenser. 
To ROVE. rove. ». a. To wander over. Milton. 
RO VER. ro -vfir. 98. h. s. A wanderer; a ranger. 
Bogan. A fickle, inconstant man. MenJez. 
[peapepe, Sax.] A robber ; a pirate. Bacon. A 
kind of arrow, i?. Jonson. — At rows. Without 
any particular aim. Alp. Cranmer. 
RO VING*. ro -vlag. n. s. Act of rambling or wan- 
dering. Bcuroic. 
ROW <}, ro. 324. n. s. [reih, Germ. ; paepa, Sax.] 
See R e w . A rank or file ; a nu mber of things rang- 
ed in a line. Sidney. 
ROW*, rdu. n.s. A riotous noise ; a drunken debauch. 

A low expression. 
To RO\V£, r6. v. n. [popan. Sax.] To impel a ves- 
sel in the water by oars. St. Mark. 
To ROW, r6. v. a. To drive or help forward by oars. 

Mi/ton. 
RO W'ABLE*. ro'-a-bl. a. Capable of being rowed 

upon. B. Jonson. 
R0WEU.r6u-il. 322. n.s. [rouelle,Fr.] A little, 
fiat ring or wheel, of plate or iron, in horses' bits. 
Spenser. The points of a spur turning on an axis. 
Sluii. A seton; a roll of hair or silk put into a 
wound to hinder it from healing, and provwKe a dis- 
charge. 
To ROWEL, rdfi'-il. v. a. To pierce through the 
skin, and keep the wound open by a rowel. Morti- 
mer. 
RO WEN, r6u-en. n. s. A field kept up till after 
Michaelmas, that die corn left on the ground may 
sprout into green. Tusser. 
ROWER, rd -fir. 98. n.s. One Uiat manages an oar. 

Dn/den. 
RO YAL§, rfle'-al. 329. a. [royal, Fr.] Kingly; be- 
longing to a king ; becoming a king; regal. Mil- 
ton. Noble ; illustrious. ShaJcspeare. 
ROYAL*, roe'-ai. n.s. One of the shoots of a stag's 
head. Bailey. The highest sail of a ship. Cham- 
bers. [In artillery.] A kind of small mortar. Cham- 
bers. One of the soldiers of the first regiment of 
foot, which is called The Royals, and is supposed 
to be the oldest regular corps in Europe. James. 
RO YALISM*, roe -al-lzm.?J. s. [royalisme, Fr.] At- 
tachment to the cause of royalty. 
RO YALIST, r6e'-al-Ist. n.s'. [royaliste , Fr.] Adhe- 
rent to a kin?. South. 
To ROYALIZE, roe -al-lze. v. a. To make royal. 

ShaJcspeare. 
K.0 YALLY, rde -al-e. ad. In a kingly manner; re- 

gallv; as becomes a kins:. ShaJcspeare. 
ROYALTY, r6e-al-te. n.s. [royaidte.Fr.] King- 
ship ; character or office of a king. Shak. State 
of a kins". Prior. Emblems of royaltv. Milton. 
To ROYNE. rfiin. v. a. [rogner. Fr.] To gnaw ; to 

bite. Spenser. 
ROYNISH^^e'-nlsh.S^. a. [rogneux, Fr.] Paltry; 

sorrv ; mean ; rude. ShaJcsjoeare. 
RO YTELET,'r6e'-te-let. n.s. A little or petty king. 

Hevlin. 
RO'YTISH* r6e'-t?sh. a. Wild ; irregular. Beau- 
mont. 
To RUB£. rub. v. a. [rhubio. Welsh ; reiben, Germ.] 
To clean or smooth any thing by passing something 
over it ; to scour ; to wipe ; to perfricate. To 
touch so as to leave something of that which touches 
behind. Milton. To move one body upon anoth- 
er. Shak. To obstruct by collision. Shak. To 
polish ; to retouch. South. " To remove by friction. 
Collier. To touch hard. Sidney. — To rub down. 
To clean or curry a horse. Dryden. To rub up. 
To excite ; to awaken. South. To rub up. To 
polish ; to refresh. 
To RUB, rub. v. n. To fret ; to make a fricuon. 

Dryden. To get through difficulties. Chapman. 
RUB, rub. n. s. Frication ; act of rubbing. Inequal- 
ity of ground that hinders the motion of a bowl. 
Any unevenness of surface. Brown. Collision; 
hinderance ; obstruction. Shakspeare. Difficulty ; 
cause of uneasiness. Sliakspeare. 
100 



st6ue. 



A stone to scour or 



RUB-STONE, rub 
sharpen. Tusser. 

RL BBER, rfib'-bfir. 98. n.s. One that rubs. Beaum. 
and Fl. The instrument with which one rubs. 
Dryden. A coarse file. Moxon. A game ; a con- 
test ; two games out of three. L' Estrange. A whet- 
stone. Ainsaorth. 

RU BBAGE, rob'-bldje. £ 90. n. s. [from rub, as 

RU BBISH, rub'-blsh. \ peihaps meaning, at 
first, dust made by rubbing.] Ruins of building; 
fragments of matter used in building. Shak. Con- 
fusion ; mingled mass. Arbuthnot. Any thing vile 
and worthless. 

RU BRIDGE*, rub'-bidje. n.s. Rubbish. 

RU BBLE*.rfib'-bl. n.s. Rubbish. Barret. 

RUBBLE-STONE, rub'-bl-stone. n. s. Stones rub- 
bed and worn by die water, at the latter end of the 
I deluge. Woodward. 

j RU'BICAN, r66'-be-kan. a. [rubican, Fr.] Rubican 

; colour of a horse is one that is bay, sorrel, or black, 

with a light gray or white upon the flanks, but not 

fredominant there. Farrier's Diet. 
BICUND. roo -bc-kfind. 339. a. [rubiconde,Fr.; 
rubicundus. LatJ Inclining to redness. Douce. 
RUBICU NDITY*, roo-be-kfin'-de-te. n. s. Dispo- 
! sition to redness. Scott. 

RU'BIED. roS'-bid. 283. a. Red as a rubv. Shak. 

RUBIFICA'TION*, r66-be-fe-ka/-shfin. n. s. [ruber 

and facio, Lat.] Act of making red : a term of 

chvmistrv. Hoicell. 

RUBI FICK. roo-blt -fik. 509. a. Making red. Greic. 

[ruber, Lat., and 



RUBIFORM. roS'-be-lorm. 



form.] Having the form of red. Newton. 
To RU BIFY, r66 -be-fl. 183. v. a. To make red. 
Chaucer. 

RU BIOUS, r66 ; -be-fis. 314. a. [rubeus, Lat] Rud- 
dv ; red. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

RU 7 BRICAL*, rOO'-bie-kal. a. [rubrica, Lat.] Red. 
Milton. Placed in rubricks. Warton. 

To RU BRICATE* r66 -bre-kate. a. a. [rubrica- 
tus, Lat.] To distinguish or mark with red. Sir 
T. Herbert. 

RU BRICATE* r56'-bre-kate. part. a. Marked 
with red. Spelman. 

RU'BRICK, r66 -brik. n. s. [rubrique, Fr. ; rubrica, 
Lat.] Directions printed in books of law and in 
prayer books ; so termed because they were origin- 
allv distinguished bv being in red ink. Milton. 

RU BRICK. i-66 -brik. a. Red. Nation. 

To RU BRICK. r66 -brik. o. a. To adorn with red. 

RL BY $. r66'-be. n. s. [rubi, rubis, old Fr v from ru- 
ber, Lat.] A precious stone of a red colour, next in 
hardness and value to a diamond. Donne. Red- 
ness. Slwdc. Any thing red. Milton. A blain; a 
blotch; a carbuncle. Ward. 

RUBY. i-66' -be. a. Of a red colour. Shakspeare. 

To RU T/ BY*. r66'-be. v. a. To make red. Pope 
Ob. T. ^ 

To RUCK* rfik. v. a. [ppi^an, Sax.] To cower; 
to sit close ; to lie close. Gower. 

RUCK*, rfik. n. s. [ppi^an, Sax.] A part of silk or 
linen folded over, or covering some other part, 
when the whole should lie smooth or even. 

RUCTA TION, rfik-ta -shfin. n. s. [ructo, Lat.] A 
belching arising from wind and indigestion. Cocke 
ram. 

RUD &* rfid. a. [pube, Sax. ; roed, Su. Goth.] Red • 
ruddy; rosy. Sir Gawaine. Percy's Rel. 

RUD*. rfid. n. s. [pubu, Sax.] Redness; blush. 
Chaucer. Ruddle; red ochre used to mark sheep. 
Grose. A kind of bastard small roach. Walton. 

To RUD. rfid. v. a. To make red. Spenser. Ob. J. 

RUDDER, rfid'-dfir. 98. n. s. [roeder, Teut.] The 
instrument at the stern of a vessel, by which its 
course is governed. Acts, xxvii. Any thing that 
guides or governs the course. Hudibras. 

RU DDINESS, rfid -de-nes. n.s. The quality of ap- 
proaching to redness. Shakspeare. 

RU DDLE, rfid'-dl. 405. n. s. [i-udul, Ice!.] Red 
earth. Woodward. 

RU DDLEMAN*, rfid'-dl-man. n. *. One who is 

employed in digging ruddle or red earth. Burton. 

793 



RUF 


RUL 


(D= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j 


— me, m£t ; — pine, pin ; — 



RU'DDOCK, rfid'-duk. n. s. [pubbuc, Sax.] A red- 
breast. Spenser. 

RU'DDY$, rfid'-de. a. [pubu, Sax.] Approaching 
to redness ; pale red. Otway. Yellow. Dryden. 

RUDE §, r66d. 339. a. [rude, Fr. ; rudis, Lat.] Un- 
taught • barbarous ; savage. Wilkins. Rough ; 
coarse of manners ; uncivil; brutal. Shak. Vio- 
lent ; tumultuous ; boisterous ; turbulent. Milton. 
Harsh; inclement. Waller. Ignorant; raw; un- 
taught. 2 Cor. [rude, Fr.] Rugged ; uneven ; 
shapeless ; unformed. Cliapman. Artless ; inele- 
gant. Spenser. Such as may be done with strength 
without art. Dryden. 

RU'DELY, r66d'-le. ad. In a rude manner; fierce- 
ly; tumultuously. Shak. Without exactness; with- 
out nicely; coarsely. Shak. Unskilfully. Dryden. 
Violently; boisterously. Spenser. 

RU'DENESS, ropd'-nes. n.s. [rudesse, Fr.] Coarse- 
ness of manners; incivility,.'- Shak. Ignorance; un- 
skilfulness. Hayward. Artlessness ; inelegance ; 
coarseness. Spenser. Violence ; boisterousness. 
Shak. Storminess ; rigour. Evelyn. 

RU DENTURE, r66'-den-tshure. n. s. [Fr.] [In 
architecture.] The figure of a rope or staff, some- 
times plain and sometimes carved, wherewith the 
flutings of columns are frequently filled up. Bai- 
ley. 

RU'DERARY, roo'-de-rar-e. a. [rudera, Lat.] Be- 
longing to rubbish. Diet. 

RUDERA'TION, ro6-dur-a'-shfin. n. s. [In archi- 
tecture.] The laying of a pavement with pebbles 
or little stones. Bauey. 

RU'DESBY, ro6dz'-be. n.s. An uncivil, turbulent 
fellow. Shakspeare. 

RUDIMENTS, roo'-de-ment. n.s. [Fr.; rudimen- 
tum, Lat.] The first principles ; the first elements 
of a science. Hooker. The first part of education. 
Wotion. The first, inaccurate, unshapen begin- 
ning or original of any thing. Bacon. 

To RUDIMENT*, r66'-de-ment via. To ground ; 
to settle in rudiments of any science. Gayton. 
Ob. T. 

RUDIME'NTAL, r6o-de-ment'-al. a. Initial; relat- 
ing- to first principles. Spectator. 

To RUE§, r66. 339. v. a. [hpeopian, Sax.; reuen, 
Germ.] To grieve for ; to regret ; to lament. Spen- 
ser. 

To RUE*, r66. v. n. To have compassion. Chaucer. 

RUE*,r6S. n. s. [hpeope, Sax.] Sorrow ; repentance. 
Sfiakspeare. 

RUE, r66. n.s. [rue, Fr. ; ruta, Lat. ; pube, Sax.] 
An herb, called herb ofgrace, because holy water 
was sprinkled with it. Tusser. 

RUE'FUL, roo'-ffil. 174. a. Mournful; woful; sor- 
rowful. Shakspeare. 

RUEFULLY, rofi'-ful-e. ad. Mournfully; sorrow- 
fully. More. 

RUE'FULNESS, ro5'-ful-nes. n.s. Sorrowfulness; 
mournfulness. Spenser'. 

RUE'ING*, r65'-lng. n. s. Lamentation. Sir T. 
Smith. 

RUE'LLE, rod-el', n. s. [Fr.] A circle; an assem- 
bly at a private house. Dryden. Ob. J. 
RUFF, rftf. n. s. A puckered linen ornament, for- 
merly worn about the neck. Sluik. Any thing col- 
lected into puckers or corrugations. Pope, [from 
rough scales.] A small river fish. Walton. A state 
of roughness. Chapman. New state : a cant word. 
L' Estrange. A bird of the tringa species. B.Jon- 
son. A particular kind of pigeon, [ronfle, Fr.] 
At cards, the act of winning the trick by trumping 
cards of another suit. 
To RUFF*, rfif. v. a. To ruffle ; to disorder. Spenser. 

To trump any other suit of the cards at whist. 
RU'FFIAN §, ruf-yan. 113. n. s. [ruffimio, Ital ; ruf- 
fien, Fr ; rofwa, Su. Goth.] A brutal, boisterous, 
mischievous fellow ; a cut-throat ; a robber ; a mur- 
derer. Bp. Hall. 
RU'FFIAN, ruf-yan. a. Brutal ; savagely boisterous. 

Shakspeare. 
To RU'FFIAN, ruf-yan. v. n. To rage ; to raise tu- 
mults ; to play the ruffian. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 



WFFIANLIKE*. ruf-yan-llke. )«. Like a ruffian; 
) dissolute j 



licen- 



RU'FFIANLY*, rfif - yan-le. 
tious; brutal. Fulke. 

ToRU'FFLE$,r&f-fl.405. v. a. [ruyffelen, Teut.] 
To disorder ; to j>ul out of form ; to make less 
smooth. Shak. To discompose ; to disturb ; to put 
out of temper. Glanville. To put out of order ; to 
surprise. Hudibras. To throw disorderly together. 
Cluxpman. To contract into plaits. Addison. 

To RUFFLE, rftf'-fl. v. n. To grow rough or turbu- 
lent. Shak. To be in loose motion ; to flutter. 
Homily against Excess of Apparel. To be rough ; 
to jar; to be in contention. Bacon. 

RU'FFLE, rfif-fL n. s. Plaited linen used as an 
ornament. Addison. Disturbance ; contention ; 
tumult. Shak. A kind of flourish upon a drum ; a 
military token of respect, 

RU'FFLER*, ruf-fl-ur.'n. s, A swaggerer; a bully ; 
a boisterous fellow. Bale. Ob. T. 

RUFFLING*, rfif -fl-lng. n.s. Commotion; distur- 
bance. Barret. Ob. T. 

RU'FTERHOOD, rfif-tfir-hud. n, s. [In falconry.] 
A hood to be worn by a hawk when she is first 
drawn. Bailey. 

RUG, rug. n. s. [pooc, Sax.] A coarse, nappy, wool- 
len cloth. Peacham. A coarse, nappy coverlet 
used for mean beds. Judges, iv. A rough, woolly 
dog. Shakspeare. 

RUG-GOWNED*, rng'-g6und. a. Wearing a coarse 
or rough gown. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

RU'GGED$, rftg'-gU 99, 366. a. [ruggig, Swed.; 
rugueux, old Fr.] Rough ; full of unevenness and 
asperity. Denham. Not neat ; not regular; uneven. 
Shak. Savage of temper ; brutal ; rough. South. 
Stormy ; rude ; tumultuous ; turbulent ; tempestuous. 
Shak. Rough or harsh to the ear. Dryden. Sour; 
surly; discomposed. Shak. Violent; rude; bois- 
terous. Hudiln-as. Rough ; shaggy. Shakspeare. 

RU'GGEDLY, ru^-gld-le. ad. In a rugged man- 
ner. Bp. Nicolson. 

RU'GGEDNESS, rfig'-gid-n^s. n.s. The state or 
quality of being rugged. Johnson. Roughness ; 
asperity. Bacon. Roughness; rudeness; coarse- 
ness of behaviour. Mayne. 

RU'GIN, rdd'-jm. n. s. A nappy cloth. 

RU'GINE, rSc-'-jene. n. s. [Fr.] A chirurgeon's 
rasp. Sluirp. 

RUGO'SE §, r66-g6se'. a. [rugosus, Lat.] Full of 
wrinkles. Wiseman. 

RUGO'SITY*, ro6-g6s'-e-te. n. s. State of being 
wrinkled. Smith. 

RUIN $, r66'-?n. 176, 339. n. s. [mine, Fr. ; ruina, 
Lat.] The fall or destruction of cities or edifices. 
Beaumont. The remains of building demolished. 
Addison. Destruction ; loss of happiness or for- 
tune ; overthrow. SlwJc. Mischief; bane. Bacon. 

To RU'IN, ro6'-in. v. a. [ruiner, Fr.] To subvert ; 
to demolish. Dryden. 1 o destroy ; to deprive of 
felicity or fortune. Milton. To impoverish. Addi- 
son. 

To RU'IN, rOo'-ln. v. n. To fall in ruins. Milton. 
To run to ruin; to dilapidate. Sandys. To be 
brought to poverty or misery. Locke. 

To RU'INATE, r66'-in-ate. v. a. [from ruin.-] To 
subvert ; to demolish. Shak. To bring to mean- 
ness or misery irrecoverable. Bacon. Ob. J. 

RUINATION, r66-in-a'-shun. n. s. Subversion j 
demolition ; overthrow. Camden. 

RU'INER, rod'-?n-fir. n. s. One that ruins. Chap- 
man. 

RU'INOUS, r66'-?n-us. 314. a. Fallen to ruin; dilap- 
idated; demolished. Hayward. Mischievous; per- 
nicious ; baneful ; destructive. Milton. 

RU'INOUSLY, rod'-in-us-le. ad. In a ruinous man- 
ner. Bale. Mischievously; destructively. Decay 
of Christian Piety. 

RU'INOUSNESS*, rod'-ln-us-nes. n.s. A ruinous 

RULES, rd6l. 339. n. s. [rule, old Fr. ; p.e£ol, Sax.] 

Government ; empire ; sway ; supreme command. 

Shak. An instrument by which lines are drawn. 

Milton. Canon ; precept by which the thoughts or 

794 



RUN 



RUN 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tihbe, tab, bill; — 6H1; — pdliiid; — f/nn, THis. 



actions are directed. Fell. Regularity ; propriety 
of behaviour. Shakspeare. 

To RULE, r&dl. v. a. To govern ; to control ; to 
manage with power and authority. Shak. To 
manage ; to conduct. 1 Mace. To settle as by a 
rule. AUerbury. To mark with lines : as, ruled 
paper, ruled parchment. Barret. 

To RULE, rddl. v. n. To have power or command, ; 
Hos. xi. 

RULER, rodl'-ur. 98. n.s. Governour; one that has 
the supreme command. Sidney. An insUument, 
by the direction of which lines are drawn. 

RU'LY*, rdd'-le. a. Moderate; quiet ; orderly. Colgr. 

RUM, rum. n. jr. A country parson ; a queer or old- 
fashioned person. Sicift. A kind of spirits distilled 
from molasses. Guthrie. 

RUM*, rum. a. Old-fashioned; odd; queer : a cant 
term. The Student. 

To RUMBLE $, rum'-bl. 405. v. n. [rommelen, Teut. ; 
rommeler, old Fr. ; rombolare, Ital.] To make a 
hoarse, low, continued noise. Spenser. 

RU MBLER, r&m'-bl-ur. n. s. The person or thing 
that rumbles. 

RUMBLING*, rfim'-bl-lng. n. s. A hoarse, low, 
continued noi^e. Jer. xlvii. 

RU MBOUGE* See Rambooze. 

RUMINANT, rdo'-me-nant. 339. a. [ruminant,Fr.; 
ruminans, Lat.] Having the property of chewing 
the cud. Ray. 

RU MINANT*, roo'-me-nant. n. s. An animal that 
chews the cud. Derham. 

To RU'MINATE$, rdo'-me-nate. v. n. [ruminer, 
Fr. ; rumino, Lat.] To chew the cud. Milton. To 
muse ; to think again and again. Fairfax. 

To RUMINATE, rdd'-me-nate. v. a. To chew over 
again. To muse on ; to meditate over and over 
again. Shakspeare. 

RUMINA'TION, roc-me-na'-sbun. n. s. The prop- 
erty or act of chewing the cud. Arbuthnot. Med- 
itation ; reflection. Shakspeare. 

RU'MINATORVOo'-me-na-tur. «• *■ ° n e that con- 
siders orthinks of, deliberates or pauses on, a mat- 
ter. Cotgrave. 

7Y>RU'MMAGE§, rum'-mmje. 90. v. a. [raumen, 
Germ., perhaps from raum, Germ, and Sax.] To 
search ; to evacuate. Drvden. 

To RUMMAGE, rum'-midje. v.n. To search places. 
Dry den. 

RUMMAGE*, rum'-midje. n. s. Search ; act of tum- 
bling things about. 

RUMMER, r&nV-mur. 98. n. s. [roeyner, Dutch.] , 
A glass; a drinking cup. Phillips. 

RU ivIOROUS*, rOo'-mur-Qs. a. Famous; notorious. 
Bale. Ob. T. 

RUMOURS, roo y -mur. 314, 339. n. s. [rwaeurA 
Fr. ; 1-umor, Lat.] Flying or popular report; bruit ; j 
fame. Shakspeare. 

To RU'MOUR, rd&'-mur. v. a. To report abroad ; ! 
to bruit. Milton. ^ 

RU'MOURER, rocV'-mur-ur. n.s. Reporter; spread- \ 
er of news. SlwJcspeare. 

RUMP$, rump. n. s. [rumpf, Germ. ; romp, Dutch.] 
The end of the back bone ; used vulgarly of beasts, ' 
and contemptuously of human beings. Spenser. 
The buttocks. Hudihras. A name applied, in the 
history of this country, to the parliament at certain 
periods, during the usurpation of Cromwell. It 
was called the rump parliament, lord 1 Clarendon 
says, from the notable detestation men had of it as 
the fag-end of a carcass long since expired. 

RU'MPER*, runV-pdr. n. s. One who favoured the 
rump parliament-, one who had been a member of 
K. Life of A. Wood. 

RU'MPLES, r&m'-pl. 405. n.s. [hjiympelle, Sax.] 

Pucker ; rude plait. Dryden. 
To RUMPLE, rom'-pl. 405. v. a. To crush or con- 
tract into inequalities and corrugations; to crush 
together out of shape. Milton. 
ToRUN^rftn. v.n. pret. rah. [jiennian, Sax.] To 
move swiftly; to ply the legs in such a manner, as 
that both feet are at every step off the ground at 
the same time ; to make haste ; to pass wjtli very- 



quick pace. Proverbs. To use the legs in motion 
Locke. To move in a hurry. B. Jonson. To pass 
on the surface, not through the air. Exodus, ix. 
To rush violently. Judges, xviii. To take a course 
at sea. Acts, xxvii. To contend in a race. Swift. 
To flee; not to stand. Bacon. To go away by 
stealth. Shak. To emit, or let flow any liquid. 
Shak. To flow ; to stream ; to have a current ; not 
to stagnate. Addison. To be liquid ; to be fluid. 
Bacon. To be fusible ; to melt. Dryden. To fuse ; 
to melt. Moxon. To pass ; to proceed. Temple. 
To flow as periods or metre ; to have a cadence : 
as, The lines run smoothly. To go away ; to van- 
ish ; to pass. Addison. To have a legal course ; to 
be practised. To have a course in any direction. 
Shak. To pass in thought or speech. Dryden. To 
be mentioned cursorily or in few words. Arbuthnot. 
To have a continual tenour of any kind. Wotton. 
To be busied upon. Dryden. To be popularly 
known. Temple. To have reception, success, or 
continuance : as, The pamphlet ran much among 
the lower people. To go on by a succession of 
parts. Pope. To proceed in a train of conduct. 
Sliak. To pass into some change. Tillotson. To 
pass. Bp. Taylor. To proceed in a certain order. 
Milton. To be in force. Bacon. To be generally 
received. Knolles. To be carried on in any man- 
ner. Atterbury. To have a track or course. Wise- 
man. To pass irregularly. Clmjne. To make a 
fradual progress. Pope. To be predominant. 
Voodward. To tend in growth. Bacon. To grow 
exuberantly. Gen. xlix. To excern pus or matter. 
Lev. xiii. To become irregular ; to change to 
something wild. 1 Esdr. iv. To go by artifice or 
fraud. Hudibras. To fall by haste, passion, or fol- 
ly, into fault or misfortune. Locke. To fall ; to pass; 
to make transition. Watts. To have a general ten- 
dency. Swift. To proceed as on a ground or 
principle. Atterbury. To go on with violence. 
Swift. — To run after. To search for; to endea- 
vour at, though out of the way. Locke. To run 
away vnth. To hurry without deliberation. Locke. 
To run in with. To close ; to comply. Baker. To 
run on. To be continued. Hoolcer. To continue 
the same course. Drayton. To run over. To be 
so mil as to overflow. Dryden. To be so much as 
to overflow. Digby. To recount cursorily. Ray. 
To consider cursorily. Wotton. To run through. 
South. To run out. To be at an end. Swift. To 
spread exuberantly. Hammond. To expatiate. 
Addison. To be wasted or exhausted. B. Jonson. 
To grow poor by expense disproportionate to, ju,- 
come. Swift. 

To RUN, run. v. a. To pierce ; to stab. Shak. To 
force ; to drive. Locke. To force into any way or 
form. Locke. To drive with violence. Acts, xxvii, 
To melt ; to fuse. Felton. To incur ; to fall into. 
Bacon. To venture; to hazard. Clarendon. Tq 
import or export without duty, Swift. To prose 
cute in thought. South. To push. Addison. — To 
run down. To chase to weariness. L'Estrang?. 
To crush ; to overbear. Hudibras. 

RUN, run. n. s. Act of running. L' Estrange. Course; 
motion. Bacon. Flow ; cadence. Broonie. Course ; 
process. -Swift. Way; will; uncontrolled course. 
Arbuthnot. Long reception; continued success. 
Addison. Modish clamour; popujar censure. Swift. 
— At tlte long run. In fine ; in conclusion ; at the 
end. Wiseman. \ 

RU'NAGATE, riV-na-gate. n. s. [renegat, Fr.] A 
fugitive; rebel; apostate. Ps. Ixviii. 

RU'NAWAY, run'-a-wa. n. s. One that flies from 
danger; one that departs by stealth; a fugitive 
Shakspeare. 

RUNCA'TION*, ron-ka'-shun. n. s. [runcatio, Lat.} 
Act of clearing -away weeds. Evelyn. Ob. T. 

RU'NDLE, nV-dl. 405. n. s. [corrupted from roun- 
dle, of round.'] A rouiid ; a step of a ladder. Duppa. 
A peritrochium ; something put round an axis. 
Wukins. 

RU'NDLET, rund'-lii. 99. n. s. [perhaps runlet or 
roundlet.~\ A small barrel. Bacon. • 
795 



RUS 



RUT 



[CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t 5— pine, pin 



RUNE*, rune. n. s. [Run, Cimbr. et Sax.] The Ru- 
nick character, or letter. Temple. 

RUNG, rung. pret. and part. pass, of ring. Milton. 

RUNG* rung. n. s. \Jirugg, Goth., pronounced 
fining.] A spar ; a round or step of a ladder. Bp. 
Andrews. [raung,pl. ncngor, Icel. ; rong, Su. Goth.] 
Those timbers in a ship, which constitute her floor, 
and are bolted to the keel. 

RU'NICK*, ru'-nlk. a. See Rune. Denoting the 
letters and language of the ancient northern nations. 
Temple. 

RU'NNEL, HW-nll. 99. n. s. [from run.] A rivulet ; 
a small brook. Fairfax. 

RU'NNER, riW-nur. 98. n. s. One that runs ; that 
which runs. Biblioth. Bibl. A racer. Shak. A 
messenger. Swift. A shooting sprig. Mortimer. 
One of the stones of a mill. Mortimer. A bird. 
Ainsworth. 

RU'NNET, run'-nlt. 99. n. s. feepunnen, Sax.] A 
liquor made by steeping the stomach of a calf in 
hot water, and used to coagulate milk for curds 
and cheese : sometimes written rennet. Bacon. 

RU'NNING, run'-nlng. a. Kept for the race. Law. 

RU'NNING*, rtW-ning, n. s. Act of moving on with 
celerity. V/isd. xvii. Discharge of a wound or 
sore. 

RU'NNION, run'-yun. 113. n. s. See Ronion. A 
paltry, scurvy wretch. 

RUNT, runt. 74. 5. [runte, Teut.] Any animal small 
below the natural growth of the kind. Cleave- 
land. 

RUPEE'*, ru-pee 7 . n. s. An East Indian silver coin, 
worth about two shillings and four-pence. Sin T. 
Herbert. 

RUTTION, rfip'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; from ruptus, Lai.] 
Breach 5 solution of continuity. Wiseman. 

RUPTURES, rup'-tshure. 461. n. s. [Fr.; from 
ruptus, Lat.] The act of breaking ; state of being 
broken ; solution of continuity. Milton. A breach 
of peace ; open hostility. Swift. Burstenness ; 
hernia ; preternatural eruption of the gut. Sharp. 

To RUTTURE, rup'-tshure. v. a. To break ; to 
burst ; to suffer disruption. Sharp. 

RUPTUREWORT, rup'-tshur-wfirt. n. s. A plant. 

RU'RAL §, roo'-ral. 88, 339. a. [Fr. ; ruralis, Lat.] 
Country ; existing in the country, not in cities ; 
suiting the country ; resembling the country. Sid- 
ney. 

RU'RALIST*, rod'-ral-k. n. s. One who leads a 
rural life. Coventry. 

RURA LITY, r66-raF-e-te. ) n. s. The quality of 

RU'RALNESS, r6S'-ral-nes. \ being, rural. Diet. 

RU'RALLY*, rSS'-ral-le. ad. As in the country. 
Wakefield. 

RURFCOLIST, roo-rfk'-o-lk. n. s. [ruricola, Lat.] 
An inhabitant of the country. Diet. 

RURI'GENOUS, roo-rld'-jni-us. a. [ntra and gigno, 
Lat.] Born in the country. Diet. 

RUSE, r66s. n. s. [Fr.] Cunning; artifice; little 
stratagem ; trick ; wile ; fraud ; deceit. Ray. 

RUSH£, rush. n. s. [jiiyc, jin^c, Sax.] A plant. 
Miller. Any thing proverbially worthless. K. 
Charles. 

RUSH-CANDLE, rush-kan'-dl. n. s. A small, blink- 
ing taper, made by stripping a rush, except one 
small stripe of the bark, which holds the pith to- 
gether, and dipping it in tallow. Sliakspeare. 

RU'SHLIKE*, rush'-llke. a. Resembling a rush; 

weak; impotent. Mirror for Magistrates. 
To RUSH §, rush. v.n. [hpeoyan, Sax.] To move 
with violence ; to go on with tumultuous rapidity. 1 
Mace. iv. 
To RUSH*, rush. v. a. To push forward with vio- 
lence. Wlwle Duty of Man. 
RUSH, rush, n. s. Violent course. Wotton. 
RU'SHED*, rusht. a. Abounding with rushes. War- 
ton. 
RU'SHER*, rfish'-ur. n. s. One who rushes forward. 
Whitlock. One who strewed rushes on the floor, 
at the dances of our ancestors. B. Jonson. 
RUSHINESS*, r&sh'-e-nes n. s. State of being full 
of rushes. Scott. 



RU'SHING*, rush'-fng. n.s. Any commotion, or 

violent course. Isaiah, xvii. 

RU'SHY, rush'-e. a. Abounding with rushes. Milton. 
Made of rushes. Tic/cell. 

RUSK, rusk. n. s. Hard bread for stores. Raleigh. 

RU'SMA, rfis'-ma. n. s. A brown and light iron sub- 
stance, with half as much quicklime steeped in 
water, of which the Turkish women make their 
psilothron, to take off their hair. Grew. 

RU'SSET§, rus'-sfr. 99. a. [rousset, Fr.; russus, 
.Lat.] Reddishly brown ; the colour of apples 
called russetings. Gray. Newton. Coarse; home- 
spun ; rustick. Shakspeare. 

RU'SSET, rus'-sft. n. s. Country-dress. Heywood. 

To RU'SSET*, rus'-sft. v. a. To give to any thing a 
reddishly-brown colour. Thomson. 

RU'SSET, rus'-sit. ) n. s. A name given to 

RU'SSETING, rus'-slt-ing. \ several sorts of pears 
and apples from their colour. Mortimer. 

RU'SSETY*, r&s'-se-te. a. Of a russet colour. 

RUST§, rust. n. s. [puffc, SaxJ The red desqua- 
mation of old iron. Hooker. The tarnished or cor- 
roded surface of any metal. Dryden. Loss of 
power by inactivity. Matter bred by corruption 
or degeneration. K. Charles. 

To RUST, rust. v. n. [puffcian, Sax.] To gather 
rust ; to have the surface tarnished or corroded. 
Shak. To degenerate in idleness. Dryden. 

To RUST, rust. v. a. To make rusty. Shak. To 
impair by time or inactivity. 

RUSTICAL §, rus'-te-kal 88. a. [rusticus, Lat.] 
Rough ; savage ; boisterous ; brutal ; rude. Sid- 
ney. 

RU'STICALLY, rus'-te-kal-e. ad. Savagely ; rude- 
ly ; inelegantly. SMkspeare. 

Rtf'STIC ALNESS, rus'-te-kal-nes. n. s. The quality 
of being rustical ; rudeness; savageness. 

To RU'STICATE, rfis'-te-kate. v.n. [rusticor, Lat.] 
To reside in the country. Pope. 

To RU'STICATE^nV-te-kate. v. a. To banish into 
the country. Spectator. 

RUSTIC A'TION*, rus-te-ka'-shun. n. s. A dwelling 
in the country ; a kind of exile into the country. 
Smollett. 

RUSTFCITY, rus-uV-e-te. n. s. [rusticite, Fr. ; rus- 
ticitas, Lat.] Qualities of one that lives in the coun- 
try; simplicity; artlessness; rudeness; savageness. 
Spenser. Rural appearance. 

RU'STICK, rfisMfk. a. [rusticus, Lat.] Rural ; coun- 
try. Sidney. Rude ; untaught ; inelegant. Watts. 
Brutal ; savage. Pope. Artless ; honest ; simple. 
Plain; unadorned. Milton. 

RU'STICK, riis'-tlk. n. s. A clown ', a swain ; an 
inhabitant of the country. South. Rude sort of 
masonry, in imitation of simple nature, not accord- 
ing to rules of art. Pope. 

RU'STILY*, rfis'-te-le. ad. In a rusty state. Sidney. 

RU'STINESS, rfis'-te-ues. n. s. The state of being 
rusty. 

To RU'STLE §, rfis'-sl. 472. v. n. [hpiftlan, Sax.] 
To make a low, continued rattle ; to make a quick 
succession of small noises. Shakspeare. 

RU'STLING*, rfls'-sl-ing. n, s. A quick succession 
of small noises. Shakspeare. 

RU'STY, rus'-te. a. Covered with rust; infected 
with rust. Howell. Impaired by inactivity. Sliak. 
Surly ; morose. Guardian. Rancid : a corrup- 
tion of reasty. See Reasty. 

RUT§, rut. n. s. [ruit, rut, Fr. ; rugitus, Lat.] Copu- 
lation of deer. Bacon, [route, Fr. ; ratta, Su. Goth.] 
The track of a cart wheel. Chapman. 

To RUT, r&t. v. n. To desire to come together. 

RUTH §, rboth. 339. n. s. [from rue.] Mercy ; pity ; 
tenderness; sorrow for the misery of another. Chap- 
man. Misery; sorrow. Spenser. 

RU'THFUL, rootfi'-ful. a. Merciful ; compassionate.. 
Turberville. Rueful ; woful 5 sorrowful. Carew. 

RU'THFULLY, r6cW-ful-e. ad. Wofullyj sadly. 
Knolles. Sorrowfully; mournfully. Spenser. Wo- 
fully : in irony. Chapman. 

RU'THLESS, r6cW-les. a. Cruel; pitiless; uncom- 
passionate; barbarous. Shakspeare. 



RUT 



RYE 



-no, m<We, ndr, n6t ;— tube, t&b, btill ; — 611 ;— pdflnd 3— thin, mis. 



RUTHLESSNESS, r6M'-l&-n&. n. s. Want of 

RUTHLESSLY, rtotfi'-le's-le. ad. Without pity; 
cruelly > barbarously. 

RUTILANT*, r6d'-te-lilnt. a. [rutikns, Lat.] Shin- 
ing. Evelyn. 

To MUTILATE*, rdo -to-late, v. n. [ndilo, Lat.] 
To sliine ; to appear bright 5 and, actively, to make 
bright. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

RUTTER*, r&t'-tur. n. s. [ruijter, Teut.; renter, 
Germ.] A kind of horse-soldier ; a rider; a trooper. 

RUTTERKLN*, rut'-tur-kin. n. s. A word of con- 
tempt. An old, crafty lbx ■ notable beguiler. 
Confut. of N. Sliaxton. 



RUTTIER, r&t'-teer. n. s. [routiere, Fr.] A direc 
tion of the road, or of the course at sea ; an old 
traveller well acquainted with most ways; an ex- 

Cerienced soldier. Cotgrare. 
'TTISH, rut'-tish.a. Wanton: libidinous. Shak. 
RUTTLE*, rut'-tl. n. s. Rattle in the throat. Bui 

net. 
RY'DERf, rl'-dSr. n.s. A clause added to an act 

of parliament at its third reading. Mason. See 

Rider. 
RYE, rl. n. s. [p.ys'e, Sax.] A coarse kind of bread 

corn. Shak. A disease in a hawk. Ainsworth. 
RYE'GRASS, rl'-gras. n. s. A kind of strong grass 

Mortimer. 



SAB 



SAC 



SHas in English the same hissing sound as in 
other languages, and unhappily prevails in so 
many of our words, that it produces in the ear of a 
foreigner a continued sibilation. In the beginning 
of words it has invariably its natural and genuine 
sound : in the middle it is sometimes uttered with 
a stronger appulse of the tongue to the palate, like 
t ; as, rose, roseate, rosy, osier, nosel, resident, busy, 
business. It sometimes keeps its natural sound; 
as, loose, designation. In the end of monosyllables 
it is sometimes s, as in this ; and sometimes z, as in 
as, has, and generally where e& stands in verbs 
for eth, as gives. 420. 

SABAOTH$, sab'-i-6th. [sa-ba'-M, Perry and 
Jones.] n. s. An army. Common Prayer. 

SABBAT A' RIAN, sab-ba-ta'-re-an. n. s. One who 
observes the Sabbath with unreasonable rigour; 
one who observes the seventh day of the week in 
opposition to the first. Burton. 

SABBAT A'RIAN*, sab-ba-ta'-re-an. a. Of or be- 
longing' to Sabbatarians. Mountagu. 

SABBATARIANISM*, sab-ba-ta'-re-an-izm. n. s. 
The tenets of Sabbatarians. Bp. Ward. 

SA'BBATH§, sab'-batfi. n. s. [Heb.l A day appoint- 
ed by God among the Jews, and from them estab- 
lished among Christians for publick worship; the 
seventh day set apart from works of labour to be 
employed in piety. Pearson. Intermission of pain 
or sorrow ; time of rest. Daniel. 

SA BBATHBREAKER, sab'-batfi-bra-kfir. n. s. 
Violator of the Sabbath by labour or wickedness. 
Bacon. 

SA'BBATHLESS*, sab'-ba/Zi-les. a. Without inter- 
mission of labour ; without interval of rest. Baron. 

SABBATICAL, sab-bat'-te-kal. ) a. [sabbaticus, 

SABBATICK*, sab-bat" -tik. \ Lat.; sabhatique, 
Fr.] Resembling the Sabbath ; enjoying or bringing 
intermission of labour. Gregory. Belonging to the 
Sabbath. Stukefey. 

SA'BBATiSM, sab'-ba-tizm. n. s. [sabbatum, Lat.] 
Rest. More. 

S ABE LLIAN*, sa-beT-yan. a. Relatingto the heresy 
of Sabelliu-s. Pearson. 

SABE'LLIAN*, sa-beK-yan. n. s. A follower of Sa- 
bellius, who denied the distinction of persons in the 
Godhead. Dr. Gregory. 

SABE'LLIANISM*, sa-bel'-yan-lzm. n. s. The 
tenets of Sabellius. Barrow. 

SA'BINE, sab'-In. 140. n. s. [saHne, Fr. ; sabina, 
Lat.] A plant. MoHimer. 

SA'BLE, sa'-bl. 405. n.s. [zibeUa, Lat.] Fur. Pea- 
cham. 

SA BLE, sa'-bl. a. Black. Spenser. 

SA'BLIERE, sabMeer. n. s. [Fr.] A sandpit. Bai- 
ley. [In carpentry.] A piece of timber as long, 
but not so thick, as a beam. Bailey. 

SABO' T*, sa-b6'. n. s. [Fr. ; zapato, Span.] A sort 
of wooden shoe. BramhaU. 

SA'BRES, sa'-ber. 416. n. s. [Fr.l A cimeter; a 
short sword with a convex edge ; a falchion. Dry den. 

To SA'BRE* s?i'-ber. v. a. To strike with a sabre. 
Burke. 



SABULO'SITY, sab-u-l6s'-e-te. n. s. Griltiness 
sandiness. 

SABULOUS §, sab'-u-lfis. 314. a. [sabulum, Lat.l 
Gritty; sandy. 

SAC*, sak. n. s. [rac, Sax.] One of the ancient 
privileges of the lord of a manor. See Soc. 

SACCADE, sak-kade'. n. s. [Fr.] A violent check 
the rider gives his horse, by drawing both the 
reins very suddenly ; a correction used when the 
horse bears heavy on the hand. Bailey. 

SACCHARFFEROUS*, sak-ka-rlf-fir-us. a. [sac- 
charum and fero, Lat.] Producing sugar. Hist. 
Royal Society, iv. 

SA'CCHARINE, sak'-ka-rine. 149, 353. a. [saccha- 
rin, Fr.] Having the taste or other qualities of sugar. 
Arbuthnot. 

SACERDOTAL, sas-er-do'-tal. 88. a. [Fr.; sacer- 
dotalis, Lat.] Priestly ; belonging to the priesthood. 
Stil/ingjleet. 

SA'CHEL, satsh'-il. 99. n.s. [sacculus, Lat.] A small 
sack or bag. Junius. 

SACHEM t, sa'-tshem. n. s. The title of some Amer- 
ican chiefs. Mason. 

SACK §, sak. n. s. [ptP, Heb. ; cameos, Gr. ; saccus T 
Lat.] A bag ; a pouch ; commonly a large bag. 
Slwuc. The measure of three bushels. A woman s 
loose robe. B. Jonson. 

To SACK, sak. v. a. To put in bags. Betterton. 
[sacar, Span.] To take by storm ; to pillage j to 
plunder. Spenser. 

SACK, sak. n. s. Storm of a town; pillage; plun- 
der. Dryden. [sec, Fr.l A kind of sweet wine, 
now brought chiefly from the Canaries. Shak. 
The sack of Shakspeare is believed to be what is 
now called Sherry. Dr. Johnson. 

SA'CKBUT, sak'-bfit. n. s. [sacquebuUe, old Fr.] A 
kind of trumpet. Shaksjjeare. 

SA'CKCLOTH, sak'-kl&tfi. n. s. Cloth of which 
sacks are made ; coarse cloth sometimes worn in 
mortification. Spenser. 

SA'CKCLOTHED*, sak'-ktftfit. a. Wearing sack- 
cloth. Bp. Hall. 

SA'CKER, sak'-kur. 98. n. s. One that takes a town. 
Barret. 

SA'CKFUL, sak'-f&l. n. s. A full bag. Swift. 

SA'CKAGE*, sak'-kldje. n. s. Act of storming and 
plundering a place. Feltham. 

SA'CKING*, sak'-fng. n. s. Act of plundering- a 
town. Barret, [faeccin^ 1 , Sax.] Coarse cloth, fast- 
ened to a bedstead, and supporting the bed ; cloth 
of which sacks arc made. 

SA'CKLESS* sakMes. a. [raclear, Sax.] Inno- 
cent ; sometimes weak, simple. 

SACKPO'SSET, sak-p&s'-sft. n. s. A posset made 

of milk, sack, and some other ingredients. Swift. 
SA'CRAMENT§, sak'-kra-ment. n.s. [sacrement, 
Fr. ; sacramentum, Lat.] An oath ; any ceremony 
producing an obligation. B. Jonson. An outward 
and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace. 
Hooker. The eucharistj the holy communion. 
Slmkspeare. 
$£r This word, with sacrifice, sacrilege, and sacristy, is 



SAC 



SAF 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



sometimes pronounced with the a in the first syllable 
Jong, as in sacred; but this is contrary to one of the 
clearest analogies in the language, which is, that the 
antepenultimate accent in simples, not followed by a 
diphthong, always shortens the vowel it falls upon. — 
See Principles, No. 503. Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick, Perry, and Entick, 
pronounce these words as I have marked them. W. 

To SA'CRAMENT*, sak'-kra-ment. v.a. To bind 
by an oath. Abp. Laud. Ob. T. 

SACRAME'NTAL, sak-kra-menf-al. a. Constituting 
a sacrament; pertaining to a sacrament. Hooker. 

SACRAME'NTAL*, sak-kra-ment'-al. n.s. That 
which relates to a sacrament. Bp. Morion. 

SACRAME NTALLY, sak-kra-menf-al-Je. ad. Af- 
ter the manner of a sacrament. Bp. Hall. 

SACRAMENTA'RIAN*, sak-kra-men-ta'-re-an. 
n.s. One who differs in opinion, as to the sacra- 
ments, from the Romish church ; a name reproach- 
fully applied by Papists to Protestants. Tindal. 

SACRAME'NTARY*, sak-kra-menf-a-re. n. s. 
{sacramentarium, low Lat.] An ancient book of 
prayers and directions respecting sacraments. Abp. 
Usher. A term of reproach given by Papists to 
Protestants. Stapleton. 

SACRAME'iNTARY*, sak-kra-ment'-a-re. a. Of or 
belonging to Sacramentarians. Stapleton. 

SA'CRED$, sa'-kreU a. [sacre, Fr. ; sacer, Lat.] 
Immediately relating to God. Milton. Devoted to 
religious uses ; holy. 2 Mace. vi. Dedicated ; con- 
secrate ; consecrated. Dryden. Relating to re- 
ligion 5 theological. Milton. Entitled to reverence ; 
awfully venerable. Milton. Inviolable, as if ap- 
propriated to some superiour being. Sliakspeare. 

SA'CREDLY, sa'-kred-le. ad. Inviolably ; religious- 
ly. South. 

SA'CREDNESS, sa'-kred-nes. n. s. The state of be- 
ing sacred ; state of being consecrated to religious 
uses; holiness; sanctity. South. 

SACR1FICAL* sa-krlf -fe-kal. ) a. [sacrijicus, Eat.] 

SACrUFICK, sa-krlf -flk. 509. $ Employed in sac- 
rifice. Cockeram. 

SACRFFICABLE, sa-krlf -fe-ka-bl. a. Capable of 
being offered in sacrifice. Brown. 

SACRFFICAA I 1 *, sa-krlf -fe-kant. n. 5. [sacrificans, 
Lat.] One who offers a sacrifice. Hallywcll. 

SACRI'FICATOR, sak-kre-fe-ka'-tur. n. s. Sacri- 
ficer ; offerer of sacrifice. Brown. 

SACRFFICATORY, sak-krlf-fe-ka-tfir-e. 512. a. 
[sacrificatoire, Fr.] Offering sacrifice. Slienoood. 

To SACRIFICE §, sak'-kre-flze. 351. v.a. [sacrijier, 
Fr. ; sacrifico, Lat.] To offer to Heaven ; to immo- 
late as an atonement or propitiation. Ex. xiii. To 
destroy or give up lor the sake of something else. 
Locke. To destroy ; to kill. To devote with loss. 
Prior. 
To SACRIFICE, sak'-kre-flze. v. n. To make 
offerings ; to offer sacrifice. Ex. iii. 

SA'CRlFlCE^-kre-flze. 351, 142. n.s. [Fr. ; sacri- 
JiciuiK, Lat.] The act of offering to Heaven. Milton. 
The thing offered to Heaven, or immolated by an 
act of religion. Miltnu Any thing destroyed, or 
quitted, for the sake of something else : as, He made 
a. sacrifice of his friendship to his interest. Toiler. 
Any thing destroyed. 

SA CRIFICER, sak'-kre-f 1-zur. 98. n. s. One that 
offers sacrifice ; one that immolates. Shakspeare. 

SAC.RIFFCIAL^ak-kre-flsh'-al. a. Performing sac- 
rifice ; included in sacrifice. Bp. Taijlor. 
SACRILEGE §,sak y -kfe,-lldje. {See Sacrament.] 
n.s. [Fr.; sacrilegium, Lat.] The crime of appro- 
priating what is devoted to religion ; the crime 
of robbing Heaven-, the crime of violating or pro- 
faning things sacred! South. 
SACRILE'GIOUS, sak-kre-le'-jus. a. [sacrilegus, 
Lat.] Violating things sacred ; polluted with the 
crime of sacrilege. K. Charles. 
SACRILEGIOUSLY, sak-kre-le'-j&s-le. ad. With 

sacrilege. South. 
SACRILE'GIOUSNESS*, sak-kre-le'-jus-nes. n. s. 

Sacrilege ; a disposition to sacrilege. Scott. 
SA'CRILEGIST*, sak'-kre-le-jlst. n. s. One who 
commits sacrilege. Spelman. 



SA'CRING, sa'-krfng. 410.pa rt r a part iciple of the 
French sacrer.] Consecrating. Temple 

SA'CRIST, sacrist. MSee Sacrament.] 

SA'CRISTAN, sak'-rls-tan. ) n.s. [sacristain, Fr.] 
He that has the care of the utensils or movables 
of the church. Ayliffe. 

SA'CRISTY, sak'-krls-te. n.s. [sacristU, Fr.] An 
apartment where the consecrated vessels or mova- 
bles of a church are reposited. Dryden. 

SA'CROSANCT*, sak'-ro-sankt. a. [sacrosunctus . 
Lat.] Inviolable ; sacred. More. 

SAD §, sad. a. [et}'mology not known.] Sorrowful , 
full of grief. Sidney. Habitually melancholy ; 
heavy; gloomy; not gay; not cheerful. Raleigh. 
Gloomy ; showing sorrow or anxiety by outward 
appearance. St. Msttf+w. Serious ; not "light ; not 
volatile ; grave. Spenser. Afflictive ; calamitous. 
Milton. Bad; inconvenient; vexatious. A word 
of burlesque complaint. Addison. Dark-coloured. 
Brown. Heavy; weighty; ponderous. Spenser. 
Heavy : applied to bread, as contrary to light. 
Grose. Cohesive ; not light ; firm ; close. Mortiuier. 

To SA'DDEN, sad'-d'n. 103. v. a. To make sad ; to 
make sorrowful. To make melancholy ; to make 
gloomy. Pope. To make dark-coloured. To 
make heavy ; to make cohesive. Ray. 

ToSA'DDE'N*, sad'-d'n. v. n. To become sad. Pope. 

SA'DDLE$, sad'-dl. 405. n. s. [ r abel, fab), Sax.] 
The seat which is put upon the horse for the ac- 
commodation of the rider. Shakspeare. 

To SADDLE, sad'-dl. v.a. [rablian, Sax.] To 
cover with a saddle. 2 Sain. To load ; to burthen. 
Dryden. 

SA'DDLEBACKED, sad'-dl-bakt. a. Horses, sad- 
dlebacked, have their back low, and a raised head 
and neck. Farrier's Diet. 

SADDLEBOW*, sad'-d]-b6. n.s. [ r abel-bo^a, 
Sax.] The bows of a saddle are two pieces of 
wood laid arch-wise, to receive the upper part of a 
horse's back. Shakspeare. 

SATJDLEMAKER, sad'-dl-ma-kur. ) n. s. One 

SA'DDLER, sad'-lfir. $ whose trade 

is to make saddles. Digby. 

SA'DDUCEE^sad'-du-se.n.s. [Hebrew.] One of 
the most ancient sects among the Jews. They are 
said to have denied the resurrection of the dead, 
the being of angels, and all existence of the spirits 
or souls of men departed. Acts, xxviii. 

SA'DDUCISM*, sad'-du-sizm. n. s. The tenets of 
the Sadducees. More. 

SA'DLY, sad'-le. ad. Sorrowfully; mournfully. Slutk. 
Calamitously; miserably. South. Gravely; se- 
riously. Milton. In a dark colour. B. Jonson. 

SA'DNESS, sad'-ne's. n. s. Sorrowfulness ; mournful- 
ness ; dejection of mind. Daniel. Melancholy 
look. Bp. Taylor. Seriousness; sedate gravity. 
Wkiiffe. 

SAFE §, safe. a. [sal/, c!d Fr. ; salmis, Lat.] Free 
from danger. Dryden. Free from hurt. L' Estrange. 
Conferring security. Phil. iii. No longer danger- 
ous ; reposited out of the power of doing hann. 
Mil/on. 

SAFE, safe. n. s. A buttery ; a pantry. A movable 
larder. 

To SAFE*, safe. i\ a. To render safe ; to procure 
safety to. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

SATECONDUCT, safe-kon'-d&kt. n. s. [sau/ con- 
duit, Fr.] Convoy; guard through an enemy's 
country. Pass ; warrant to pass. Clarendon. 

SATEGUARD, sufe'-gard. n. s. Defence ; protec- 
tion; security. Httdker. Convoy; guard through 
any interdicted road granted by the possessor. 
Pass; warrant to pass. Shak. An outer petticoat 
to save women's clothes on horseback. Mason. 

To SAFEGUARD; safe'-gard. v. a. To guard ; to 
protect. Sfutkspea : >'e. 

SA'FELY, safe'-le. ad. In a safe manner ; without 
danger. Locke. Without hurt. Sfutkspeare. 

SA'FENESS, safe'-n^s. n. s. Exemption from danger.. 
Soidh. 

SA'FETY, safe'-te. n.s. Freedom from danger. 
Shak. Exemption from hurt. Prior. Preserva- 
798 



SAI 



SAL 



-no. move, ndr r At ;— ti!ibe, tub, bull; — All;— pfiund; — thin, THis. 



tion from hurt. Shak. Custody; security from 
escape. Sha/cspeare 
SA'FFLOW, saf-flA. )n.s. A plant. Sir 

SA'FFLOWER*, saf-flAu-fir. ( W. Petty. 
SA'FFRON §, saf-furn. 417. n. s. [saphar, Arabick.] 

A plant. Miller. 
SA'FFRON Bastard, n.s. A plant. Miller. 
SA'FFRON, saP-furn. a. Yellow ; having- the colour 

of saffron. Shakspeare. 
To SA'FFRON*, saP-furn. v. a. To tinge with saf- 
fron ; to gild. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
To SAG §, sag. o.n. [perhaps a corruption of swag.] 
To hang heavy ; to shake so as to threaten a fall ; 
to stagger. Shakspeare. 
To SAG, sag. v. a. To load ; to burthen. 
SAG A'CIOOS §, sa-ga'-sh&s. a. [sagax, Lat.] Quick 
of scent. Milton . Quick of thought; acute in 
making discoveries. Locke. 
SAGACIOUSLY, su-ga'-sh&s-le. ad. With quick 

scent. With acuteness of penetration. Burke. 
SAGA'CIOUSNESS, sa-ga'-shus-ngs. n. s. The 

quality of being sagacious. 
SAGA'CITY, sa-gas°-se-te. n.s. [sagacnte, Fr. ; sa- 
gacitas, LatJ Quickness of scent. Acuteness of 
discovery. South. 
SA'GAMORE, sag'-a-mAre. n. s. [Among the 
American Indians.] A king or supreme ruler. Bp. 
Hall. The juice of some unknown plant used in 
medicine. 
SA'GATHY*, sag'-tUfte. n. s. A kind of serge ; 

slight woollen stuff. Toiler. 
SAGE, sidje. n. s. [sauge, Fr.] A plant. Locke. 
SAGE $. sadje. a. [sage, Fr. ; saggio, Ital.] Wise ; 

grave ; prudent. Spenser. 
SAGE, sadje. n. s. A philosopher ; a man of gravity 

and wisdom. Sandys. 
SAGELY, sadje'-le. ad. Wisely ; prudently. Spen- 
ser. 
SA'GENESS, sadje'-nes. n. s. Gravity ; prudence. 

Ascham. 
SAGI'TTAL, sa-j?t'-tal. a. [sagittalis, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to an arrow. [In anatomy.] A suture so called 
from its resemblance to an arrow. Wiseman. 
SAGITTARIUS*, sad-je-uV-re-us. n.s. [Lat.] 
The Sagittary, or archer ; one of the signs of the 
zodiack. Moron. 
SA'GITTARY, sad'-je-ta-re. n. s. [Sagittarius, 
Lat.] A centaur ; an animal half man half horse, 
armed with a bow and quiver. Shakspeare. 
SA'GITTARY*, sad'-je-ti-re. a. Belonging to an 

arrow ; proper for an arrow. Sir T. Brown. 
SA'GO, sa'-gA. n. s. The granulated juice of an East 

Indian plant. Id. Chesterfield. 
SA'GY*, si'-je. a. [saugi, Fr.] Full of sage; season- 
ed with sage. Cotgrave. 
SA'ICK, si' -Ik. n. 5. [saka, Ital. ; saique, Fr.] A 
Turkish vessel, proper for the carriage of merchan- 
dise. Bailey. 
SAID, sed. 203, 222. preterit and part. pass, of say. 

Aforesaid. Hale. Declared ; showed. 
20T This word, with paid and laid, are a scandal to our 
orthography. It appeared so to Cooke, the translator 
of Hesiod, who spelled them regularly sayed, payed, and 
layed. *' Perseus is sayed to have been sent by Pallas 
to slay Medusa," &c. page 156. W. 
SAIL $, sale. 202. n.s. [r^ftl, Sax.; seyhel, seyl, 
Dutch.] The expanded sheet which catches the 
wind, and carries on the vessel on the water. Acts 
xxvii. [In poetry.] Wings. Spenser. A ship ; a 
vessel. Addison. — Sail is a collective word, noting 
the number of ships. Raleigh. To strike sail. To 
lower the sail. Acts, xxvii. A proverbial phrase 
for abating of pomp or superiority. Shakspeare. 
To SAIL, sale. v. n. To be moved, by the wind with 
sails. Mortimer. To pass by sea. Acts, xxvii. To 
swim. Dry den. To pass smoothly along. Shak. 
To SAIL, sale. v. a. To pass by means of sails. 

Dryden. To fly through. Pope. 
SAIL-BROAD*, sale'-brawd. a. Expanding like a 

sail. Milton. 
SAI'LABLE*, sa'-la-bl. a. Navigable ', passable by 
•hipping. Cotgrave. 



SAl'LER, ? sa /_ifl r jgg {n.s. A seaman; one who 

SAI'LOR, S " ( practises or understands 

navigation. Bacon. A snip : as, She is a good 
sailer, a fine sailer. 

$£r The first of these words is generally applied to th» 
ship, and the second to the mariner. Whatever may 
be the reason for this distinction to the eye, the ear is 
quite insensible of it, and the ship and the man are 
both pronounced alike. See Principles, No. 416. W. 

SAI'LY*, sa'-le. a. Like a sail. Drayton. 

SAFLYARD, sale'*vard. n. s. The pole on which 
the sail is extended. Dryden. 

SA1M, same. n. s. [yeme, Sax. ; saim, Welsh.] Lard. 

SAIN, sane. Used for say. Spenser. Said. Shak 
Ob. J. 

SAFNFOIN, san'-fofn. )n.s. [sainfoin, Fr.] A 

SAI'NTFOIN, sant'-fA?n. j kind of herb. 

SAINT§, sant. 202. n. s. [Fr. ; sanctus, Lat.] A per- 
son eminent for piety and virtue. Shakspeare, 

To SAINT, sant. v. a. To number among saints; ta 
reckon among saints by publick decree } to canon- 
ize. South. 

To SAINT, sant. v. n. To act with a show of piety. 
Pope. 

SAI'NTED, sant'-ed. a. Holy j pious j virtuous, 
Shakspeare. Holy; sacred. Shakspeare. 

SAI'NTESS*, sant'-es. n. s. A female saint. Bp, 
Fisher. 

SAINT John's Wort. n. s. A plant. 

SAFNTLIKEjsantMlke.a. Suiting a saint; becom- 
ing a saint. Dryden. Resembling a saint. Bacon. 

SAPNTLY, sant'-le. a. Like a saint; becoming a 
saint. Milton. 

SAFNTSBELL*, sants'-bSl. n.s. ThesmaHbefJin 
many churches, so called, because formerly it was 
rung out when the priest came to those words of 
the mass, Sancte, Sancte, Sancte, Deus Sabaoth, 
that all persons who were absent might fall on their 
knees in reverence of the holy office which was 
then going- on in the church. Bp. Halt. 

SAI'NTSEEMING*, sant'-seem-lng. a. Having the 
appearance of a saint. Mountagu. 

SAI'NTSHIP, sant'-shtp. n. s. The character or 
qualities of a saint. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

SAKE, sake. n.s. []«ac, Sax. ; saeke, Dutch.] Final 
cause; end; purpose. Milton. Account; regard 
to any person or thing. Shakspeare. 

SA'KER, sa'-kftr. n.s. [sacre, Fr.] A hawk of the 
falcon kind. Hall. A piece of artillery, Dei ham. 

SA'KERET, sak'-er-it. 99. n. s. The male of a sa- 
kerhawk. Bailey. 

SAL, sal. n. s. [Lat.] Salt. A word often used in; 
pharmacy. Floyer. 

SALA'CIOUS $, sa-la'-shus. a. [salax, Lat.;. sedate, 
Fr.] Lustful ; lecherous. Dryden. 

SALA'CIOUSLY, sa-la'-shfis-le. ad. Lecherously ; 
lustfully. 

SALA'CTTY, sa-las'-se-te. n.s. [saladtas r Lat.] 
Lust; lechery. Brown. 

SA'LAD, sal'-lad. n. s. [salade, Fr.; safaet, Germ.] 
Food of raw herbs ; pronounced familiarly sallet 
Watts. 

95= This word is often pronounced as if written sallet ; 
the true pronunciation is, however, more in use and less 
pedantick than that of asparagus and cucumber would 
be. W. 

SALA'M*, sa-lam'. n.s. [Persian.] A compliment 
of ceremony or respect. Sir T. Herbert. 

SA'LAMANDER$, sal'-a-man-dfir. n.s. [salaman- 
dre, Fr. ; salamandra, Lat.] An animal supposed 
to live in the fire, and imagined to be verj poison- 
ous : but there is no such creature, the name being 
now given to a poor, harmless insect. Bacon. 

SA'LAMANDER'S Hair. )n.s. A kind of asbes- 

SA'LAMANDER'S Wool. $ tos, or mineral flax. 
Bacon. 

SALAMA'NDRINE, sal-la-man'-drfn. 140. a. Re- 
sembling a salamander. Spectator. 

SA'LARY, sal'-la-re. [See Grakary.] n. s. [sa- 

laire, Fr. ; solarium, Lat. ; from sal, i. e. salt, 

which was a part of the pay of the Roman soldiers.] 

Stated hire; annual or periodical payment. Surijl, 

799 



SAL 



SAL 



Q~T 559.— File, far, fill, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;- 






SALE $, sale. n. s. [so/, Icel. ; ryllan, Sax ] The 
act of selling. Vent} power of selling; market. 
Spenser. A publick and proclaimed exposition of 

foods to the market; auction. Temple. State of 
eing venal ; price. Sliak. A wicker basket ; per- 
haps from sallow, in which fish are caught. Spenser. 

SA'LEABLE, saMa-bl.405. a. Vendible 5 fit for sale ; 
marketable. Carew. 

SA'LEABLENESS, sa'-la-bl-nes. n. s. The state of 
being saleable. 

SA'LEABLY, sa'-la-ble. ad. In a saleable manner. 

SALEBRO'SITY*, sal-e-br6s ; -e-te. n. s. [salebrosus, 
Lat.] A rugged path. Feltham. 

SA'LEBROUSS, sal'-e-brfis. a. [salebrosus, Lat.] 
Rough ; uneven ; rugged. Cotton. 

SALET* SeeSALoop. 

SA'LESMAN, salz'-man. 88. ?i.s. One who sells 
clothes ready made. Swift. 

SA'LET** SeeSALLET. 

SA'LEWORK, sale'-wurk. n.s. Work for sale; 
work carelessly done. Sliakspeare. 

SA'LIANT, sa'-le-ant. a. [Fr.] [In heraldry.] De- 
notes a lion in a leaping posture, and standing so 
that his right foot is in the dexter point, and his 
hinder left foot in the sinister base point of the es- 
cutcheon, by which it is distinguished from ram- 
pant. Harris. 

SA'LIENT, sa'-le-ent. 113. [sa'-le-ent, Perry and 
Jones ,• sa/-lyent, Sheridan, Fulton and Kniglit.] a. 
[saliens, Lat.] Leaping; bounding; moving by 
leaps. Brown. Beating ; panting. Blackmore. 
Springing or shooting with a quick motion. Pope. 

SA'LIGOT, saF-e-g&t. n.s. [saligot, Fr.] Water- 



.'-l?k. 



a u [Fr.l Belonging to the 
ch 



thistle 

SA'LICK*, I 

SA'LIQUE*, S a " """" ? French law, by virtue of 
which males only inherit. Slmkspeare. 

SALINA'TION §*, sal-e-na/-shun. n.s. [salinator, 
Lat] Act of washing with salt liquor. Greenhill. 

SALFNE, si-llne', or sa'-llne. a. [saiinus, Lat.] Con- 
sisting of salt j constituting salt. Brown. 

$£p As this word is derived from the Latin saiinus 
by dropping a syllable, the accent ought, according to 
the general rule of formation, 503, to rerfiove to the first. 
This accentuation, however, is adopted only by Dr. 
Johnson, Buchanan, and Bailey ; as Sheridan, Kenrick, 
Ash, Nares, W. Johnston, Scott, Perry, Barclay, Fen- 
ning, Entick, and Smith, accent the second sylla- 
ble. W. 

SA'LINOUS, sa-ll'-nus. a. [saiinus, Lat.] Consisting 
of salt; constituting salt 

§y Dr. Johnson, in his folio dictionary, accents this 
word on the first syllable, in which he is followed by his 
publishers in the quarto ; but, as this word may be easi- 
ly derived from the Latin word saiinus, and with the 
same number of syllables, it ought to be accented on 
the second. 503, (e.) W. 

SALT VA, sa-ll'-va. 503, [b.) n. s. [Lat.] Every 
thing that is spit up} but it more strictly signifies 
lhat juice, which is separated by the glands called 
salival. Q/rincy. 

3^= As this word is a perfect Latin word, all our dic- 
tionaries very properly accent it on the second syllable, 
503. But salival, which is a formative of our own, has 
no such title to the penultimate accent : this pronuncia- 
tion, however, is adopted by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Dr. 
Kenrick, Scott, Barclay, Fenning, Entick, and John- 
son's quarto ; but Mr. Perry and Dr. Johnson's folio 
place the accent on the first syllable, and, in my opin- 
ion, more correctly. W. 

SALFVAL. sal'-e-val, orsa-ll'-val. [See Saliva.] ) 

SA'LIVARY, sal'-e-va-re. S 

a. Relating to spittle. Grew. 
To SA'LIVATE, sal'-le-vate. v. a. To purge by the 
salival glands. Wiseman. 

SALIVATION, sal-le-va'-shfin. n. s. A method of 
cure much practised of late in venereal, scrof- 
ulous, and other obstinate cases, by promoting a 
secretion of spittle. Quincy. 

SALFVOUS, sa-]l'-vus,orsal'-e-vus.l03. [sa-ll'-vus, 
Fulton and Knight.'] a. Consisting of spittle ; hav- 
ing the nature of spittle. Wiseman. 

55- As this word has somewhat more of a Latin aspect 



than salival, and is probably derived from salivosus y 
the learnedly polite, or the politely learned, snatch at 
the shadow of Latin quantity to distinguish themselves 
from mere English speakers. Hence, in all the words 
of this termination, they preserve the penultimate i 
long, and place the accent on it ; and thus we are 
obliged to do the same in this word, under pain of ap- 
pearing illiterate. This penalty, however, Dr. Ash and 
Mr. Perry have incurred, by placing the accent on the 
first syllable ; but Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
Barclay, Fenning, and Entick, follow the learned ma- 
jority, though evidently wrong. W. 
SA'LLET*, sal'-flt. n.s. [salade, Fr.] A helmet. 

Chaucer. 
SA'LLET, sal'-lft. 99. ) n. s. [corrupted from 

SA'LLETING, saF-lit-mg. C salad.] Boyle. 
S A/LL1ANCE, sal'-le-anse. 113. n. s. [from sally.] 

The act of issuing forth } sally. Spenser. Ob. J. 
SA'LLOW, saF-16. 327. n. s. [saule, Fr. ; r alh,Sax.] 

A tree of the genus of willow. Dryden. 
SA'LLOW^, saF-16. a. [sab, Germ.; sale, Fr.] 

Sickly; yellow. Rowe. 
SA'LLOWNESS, saF-16-nes. n. s. Yellowness; 

sickly paleness. Addison. 
SA'LLY §-, sal'-le. n. s; [sallie, Fr.] Eruption ; issue 
from a place besieged ; quick egress. Bacon. 
Range; excursion. Locke. Flight; volatile or 
sprightly exertion. Stilling fteel. Escape ; levity ; 
extravagant flight} frolick; wild gayetyj exor- 
bitance. Wotton. 
To SA'LLY, sal'-le. v. n. To make an eruption } to 

issue out. Knolles. 
SA'LLYPORT, sal'-le^rt. n.s. [sally and port.] 

Gate at which sallies are made. C/eaveland. 
SALMAGUNDI, sal-ma-gfin'-de. n.s. [probably a 
corruption of the Latin salgama, salted meats.] A 
mixture of chopped meat and pickled herrings 
with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions. 
SA'LMON§, sanV-mun. 401. n. s. [salmo, Lat.} sal- 
mon, Fr.] A fish. Walton. 
SA'LMONTROUT, sam-mun-tro5t'. n. s. A trout 

that has some resemblance to a salmon. Walton. 
SALOO'N*, sa-loon'. n. s. [salon, salle, Fr. from the 
Germ, sal.] A spacious hall or room } a sort of 
state-room. Chambers. 
SALOOT*, sa-]6<y. n. s. [salep, Turk.] A prepara- 
tion from the root of a species of orchis : properly 
salep, but commonly called saloop. Synopsis oftfie 
Materia Alimentaria. 
SALPFCON, sal-pe'-k&n. n. s. A kind of farce put 
into holes cut in legs of beef, veal, or mutton. 
Bacon. 
SALSAMENTA'RIOUS, sal-su-men-ta'-re-as. a. 
[salsamentarius , Lat.] Belonging to salt things. 
Diet. 
SA'LSIFY, sal'-se-fl. n. s. [Lat.] A plant. Mortimer. 
SALSOA'CID, sal-si-as'-skl. 84. a. [salsus and 
acidus, Lat.] Having - a taste compounded of salt-' 
ness and sourness. Floyer. 
SALSU'GINOUS, sal-siV-je-nus. a. [salsugineux, 
Fr. ; from salsugo, Lat.] Saltish ; somewhat salt. 
Boyle. 
SALT§, salt. 84. n.s. [salt, Goth.; vealfc, Sax.; sal, 
Lat.] A body whose two essential properties seem 
to be, dissolubility in water and a pungent sapor: 
it is an active, incombustible substance : it gives all 
bodies consistence, and preserves them from cor- 
ruption, and occasions all the variety of testes. 
Harris. Taste; smack. Shak. Wit; merriment. 
Tillotson. 
SALT, salt. a. Having the taste of salt : as, salt fish. 
Sliak. Impregnated with salt. Bacon. Abound- 
ing with salt. Jer. xvii. [salax, Lat.] Lecherous; 
salacious. Sliakspeare. 
To SALT, salt. 0. a. To season with salt. St. Matt. v. 
SALT§* n.s. [sault, old Fr. ; saltus, Lat.] Act of 

leaping or jumping. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
SA'LTANT, sai'-tant. a. [saltans, Lat.] Jumping; 

dancing. 
SALTA'TION^al-ta'-shun. 84. n.s. [saltatio, Lat.] 
The act of dancing or jumping. Brown. Beat} 
palpitation. Wiseman. 
9Cp As this word comes immediately from the Latin, and 
800 



SAL 



SAN 



-n6, move, ndr, not;— tube, tub, biiH;— oil ;— pdimd;— tlrin, 



the t is carried olFto commence the second syllable, the 

a has not the broad sound as in .«j/t, but goes into the 
general sound of that letter; in the same manner as the 
w in fulminate is Dot pronounced like the peculiar 
sound of that letter in full, but like the u in dull. 177. 
W. 

SA'LTCAT, salt'-kat. n. s. A lump of salt, made at 

the salterns, which makes the pigeons much affect 

the place. Mortimer . 
SALTCELLAR, salt'-sel-lur. 88. n. s. [saliere, Fr.] 

Vessel of salt set on the table. Wotton. 
SA'LTER, salF-ur. 98. n. s. One who salts. Green- 

hill. One who sells salt. Camden. 
SA ITERN, salt'-eni. n. s. A salt-work. Mortimer. 
SA' LTIER, sal '-leer. n. s. [saultiere, Fr.] Term of 

heraldry. Peacham. 
SALTINBA'NCO, salt-in-bang'-k6. n. s. [saltare in 

banco.] A quack or mountebank. Brown. 
SA'LTISH, salt'-ish. a. Somewhat salt. Mirror for 

Magistrates. 
SA'LTLESS, salt'-les. a. Insipid; not tasting of salt. 
SA'LTLY, salt'-le. ad. With taste of salt; hi a salt 

manner. 
SA'LTNESS, salf-nes. n. s. Taste of salt. Bacon. 

Slate of being salt. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SALT-PAN, saV-p&n. ) n. s. [salt and pan, or pit.'] 
SALT-PIT, salt'-plt. \ Pit where salt is got. 

Zeph. ii. 
SALT-WORK*, salt'-wfirk. n. s. A saltern ; a place 

where salt is made. Addison. 
SA LTY*, saF-te. a. Somewhat salt. Cotgrave. 
SALU'BRIOUS §, sa-liV-bre-fis. a. [sahibris, Lat.] 

Wholesome; healthful ; promoting health. Phillips. 
SALUBRIOUSLY*, sa-lu'-bre-fis-le. ad. So as to 

promote health. Burke. 
SALU BRITY, sa-lu'-bre-te. n. s. [salubHte, Fr.] 

Wholesomeness; healthfulness. Bullokar. 
SA'LUTARINESS, saF-lu-ta-re-ngs. n. s. Whole- 
someness ; quality of contributing to health or 

safety. 
SA'LUTARY §, saF-lu-ta-re. a. [salutai^e, Fr. ; salu- 

taris, Lat.] Wholesome ; healthful ; safe ; advan- 
tageous ; contributing to health or safety. Ray. 
SALUTATION, sal-lu-ta'-snun. n. s. [Fr. ; saluta- 

lio, Lat.] The act or style of saluting ; greeting. 

Milton. 
SALUTATORY*, sa-hV-ta-tfir-e. n. s. [salutatori- 

um, low Lat.] Place of greeting. Milton. Ob. T. 
To SALUTE §, sa-lute'. ?;. a. [salulo, Lat. ; soluer, 

Fr.] To greet ; to hail. Shak. To please; to grat- 
ify. Shak. To kiss. Addison. 
SALUTE, sa-lute'. n. s. Salutation; greeting. 

Brown. A kiss. Roscommon. 
SALUTER, sa-hV-tur. 93. n. s. He who salutes. 
SALUTFFEROUS, sal-lu-tfP-fer-us. a. [salutifer, 

Lat.] Healthv ; bringing health. Ricaut. 
SALVABPLITY^al-va-biF-e-te. n.s. Possibility of 

being received toleverlasting life. Sanderso?i. 
SA'LVABLE$, saF-va-bl. 405. a. [old Fr. ; salvo, 

Lat.] Possible to be saved. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
SA'LVAGE, saF-vidje. a. [saulvage, old Fr.] 

Wild ; rude ; cruel : now spoken and written 

savage. 
SALVAGE*, saF-vidje. 90. n. s. [salvaige, old Fr.] 

Recompense allowed by the law for saving goods 

from a wreck. Blackstone. 
SALVATION, sal-va'-shfin. n.s. [salvatio, low Lat.] 

Preservation from eternal death ; reception to the 

happiness of heaven. Hooker. 
SA'LVATORY, saF-va-tfir-e. 512. n.s. [salvatoire, 

Fr.J A place where any thing is preserved. Hale. 
SALVE $, salv. 78. n. s. [realp, Sax. ; salbon, Goth.] 

A glutinous matter applied to wounds and hurts ; 

an emplaster. Shak. Help ; remedy. Hammond. 

55" Dr. Johnson tells us that this wordjs originally and 
properly salf ; which, having salves in the plural, the 
singular, in time, was borrowed from it: sealf, Saxon, 
undoubtedly from salvus, Latin. There is some diver- 
sity among our orthoe'pists about the I in this word 
and its verb. Mr. Sheridan marks it to be pronounced; 
Mr. Smith, W. Johnston, and Barclay, make it mute; 
Mr. Scott and Mr. Perry give it both ways ; und Mr. 
Nares says it is mute in the noun, but souuded in the 
101 



verb. The mute I is certaiidy countenanced in this 
word by calve and halve ; but as they are very irregu- 
lar, and are the only words where the I is silent in this 
situation, (for valve, delve, solve, &c, have the I pro- 
nounced,) and as this word is of Latin original, the I 
ought certainly to be preserved in both words : for, to 
have the same word sounded differently, to signify differ- 
ent things, is a defect in language that ought, as much as 
possible, to be avoided. — See Bowl and Fault. W. 

To SALVE, salv. v. a. [salbon, Goth. ; salben, Germ. ; 
pealrian, Sax.] To cure with medicaments ap- 
plied. Spenser. To help ; to remedy. Sidney. To 
nelp or save by a salvo, an excuse, or reservation. 
Hooker, [salvo, Lat.] To salute. Spenser. 

SA'LVER, sal'-vfir. 98. n. s. A plate on which any 
thing is presented. Pope. 

SA'LVO, saF-v6. [See Saltation.] n. s. [salvo 
jure, Lat.] An exception, a reservation ; an excuse. 
King Charles. 

SAMARITAN*, sa-mar'-e-tan. n. s. One of an an- 
cient sect among the Jews, still subsisting in some 
parts of the Levant, under the same name. St. 
Luke, x. 
i SAMA'RITAN*, sa-mar'-e-tan. a. Pertaining to the 
Samaritans ; denoting the ancient sort of Hebrew 
characters, or alphabet. Walton. 

SAMA'RRA*. See Simar. 

SAME §, same. a. [same, Icel. ; sama, samo, M. 
Goth.] Not different ; not another; identical; be- 
ing of the like kind, sort, or degree. Sidney. That 
which was mentioned before. Daniel. 

SAME*, same. ad. [yam, Sax. ; often used in com- 
position : as, ]*am-maele, agreeing together; i*am- 
pyjican, to work together.] Together. Spenser. 

SA'MENESS, same'-ne's. n. s. Identity; the state of 

being not another ; not different. King Cluxrles. 

Undistinguishable resemblance. Swift. 
SA'MITE*. n. s. [samet, samit, old Fr.] A sort of 

silk stuff. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
SA'MLET, sam'-let. n. s. [salmonet, or salmonlet.1 -A- 

little salmon. Walton. 
SA'MPHIRE, sam'-ffr. 140. n. s. [saint Pierre, Fr.] 

A plant preserved in pickle. Miller. 
SA'MPLE §, sam'-pl. 405. n. s. A specimen; a part 

shown that judgement may be made of the whole. 

Raleigh. Example. Fairfax. 
To SA'MPLE, sam'-pl. v. a. To show something 

similar ; to example. Me.de. 
SA'MPLER, sam'-pl-ftr. 98. n. s. [exemplar, Lat.] A 

pattern of work ; a specimen. Wiclifje. A piece 



piece 



pattern of work ; a specimen, 
worked by young girls for improvement. Milton. 
SA'NABLE^, san'-na-bl. 535. a. [sajiable, o\d Fr.; 
sanabilis, Lat.1 Curable j susceptive of remedy } 
remediable. More. 

£5= Mr. Nares. Buchanan, and W. Johnston, pronounce 
the a in the first syllable of this word long ; but Mr. 
Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Entick, more properly, short. 
Buchanan, only, makes the same a in sanative long; 
but Mr. Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Perry, and En- 
tick, short. Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan are the only 
orthoe'pists from whom we can gather the sound of this 
vowel in insanable, which the latter marks long, and 
the former short, as it ought to be, from the shortening 
power of the antepenultimate accent. — See Ghanaky 
W. 

SANATION, sa-na'-shfin. n.s. [sanatio, Lat.] The 
act of curing. Wiseman. 

SA'NATIVE, san'-na-tlv. 158. [See Donative.] a. 
[savo, LatJ Powerful to cure ; healing. Bacon. 

SA'NATIVENESS, san'-na-tiv-nes. n. s. Power to 
cure. 

SA'NCEBELL* n. s. A corruption of saintsbell ; 
which see. 

To SA'NCTIFICATE*, sangk'-te-fe-kate. v. a 
[sanctifico, low Lat.] To sanctify. Barrow. Ob. T. 

SANCTIFICATION, sangk-te-fe-ka'-shfin. 408. 
n. s. [Fr.] The state of being freed, or act of free- 
ing, from the dominion of sin, for the time to come. 
Hooker. The act of making holy ; consecration. 
Stillinsfleet. 

SA'NCTJFIER, sangk'-te-f 1-flr n. s. He that ? ,ic- 
tifies or makes holy. Derham. 
801 



SAN 



SAP 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



To SANCTIFY §, sangk'-te-fl.r. a. [sanctifer, Fr.; 
sanctijico, Lat.] To free from the power of sin for 
the tune to come. Heh. ix. To make hoi}'. Ad- 
dison. To make a means of holiness. Hooker. To 
make free from guilt. Dryden. To secure from 
violation. Pope. 

SANCTIMONIOUS $, sangk-te-m6'-ne-us. a. [sanc- 
limonia, Lat.] Saintly ; having the appearance of 
sanctity. Milton. 

SANCTIMONIOUSLY*, sangk-te-m6'-ne-fis-le. ad. 
With sanctimony. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

SANCTIMONIOUSNESS*, sangk-te-m6'-ne-us- 
nft's. n.s. State or quality of being sanctimonious. 

SANCTIMONY, sangk'-te-m6-ne. n. s. [sanctimo- 
nia, Lat.] Holiness ; scrupulous austerity ; ap- 
pearance of holiness. Raleigh. 
SANCTION?, sangk'-shun. 408. n.s. [Fr. ; sanciio, 
Lat.] The act of confirmation which gives to any 
thing its obligatory power; ratification. B. Jonson. 
A law ; a decree ratified. Denham. 
To SANCTION*, sangk'-shfin. 1;. a. To give a 

sanction to. Burke. 
SANCTITUDE, sangk'-te-tude. ?i. s. [sancius, Lat.] 

Holiness; goodness; saintliness.il/i7ton. 
SANCTITY, sangk'-tc-te. n.s. [sanctitas, Lat.] Ho- 
liness'; the state of being holy. Shak. Goodness; 
the quality of being good ; purity ; gcdliness. Ad- 
dison. Saint; holy being. Milton. 
To SANCTUARIZE, sangk'-tshu-a-rlze. v. a. To 

shelter by means of sacred privileges. Ob. J. 
SANCTUARY §, sangk'-lshu-a-re. 463. n. s. [sanc- 
tuaire, Fr. ; sanctuarium, Lat.] A holy place; Hbly 
ground. Properly the penetralia, or most retired 
and awful part of a temple. Milton. A place of 
protection ; a sacred asylum : whence a sanctuary 
man, one who takes shelter in a holy place. Bacon. 
Shelter; protection. Dryden. 
SAND§, sand. n.s. [fanb, Sax. ; sand, Dan. and 
Dutch.] Particles of stone not conjoined, or §tone 
broken to powder. Woodward. Barren country 
covered with sands. Knnlles. 
To SAND*, sand. v. a. To force or drive upon the 

sands. Burton. 
SANDAL, san'-dal. 88. n. s. [sandale, Fr.; sanda- 

UwfRr, Lat.] A loose shoe. Milton. 
SANDARACH, san'-da-rak. n. s. [sandaraca, Lat.] 
A mineral of a bright-red colour, not much unlike 
to red arsenick. Bailey. A while gum oozing out 
of the juniper-tree. Bailey. 
SANDBLIND, sand'-bllnd. a. [sand and blind.] 
Having a defect in the eyes, by which small par- 
ticles appear to fly before them". Shakspeare. 
SANDBOX Tree, sand'-boks-lree. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
SANDED, san'-ded. a. Covered with sand ; barren. 
Mortimer. Of a sandy colour, which is one of the 
true denotements of a blood-hound. Shak. Short- 
sighted. Grose. 
SANDEEL*, sand'-eel. »,s. A kind of eel com- 
monly found at about half a foot deep under the 
sand. 
SANDERLING, san'-dfir-llng. n. s. A bird. Ca- 

rew. 
SANDERS, san'-d&rz. n.s. [santalum, Lat.] A pre- 
cious kind of Indian wood. Sir T. Herbert. 
SANDEVER, sand'-ev-fir. n.s. The recrement that 
is made when the materials of glass, namely, sand 
and a fixed lixiviate alkali, having been first baked 
together, and kept long in fusion, the mixture casts 
up the superfluous salt, which the workmen after- 
wards take off with ladles, and lay by as little 
worth. Boyle. 
SANDHEAT*, sand'-heet. n. s. Warmth of hot 

sand in chymical operations. 
SANDINESS*, san -de-nes. n. s. The state of being 

sandy. South. 
SANDISH. sand'-ish. a. Approaching to the nature 

of sand ; loose ; not close ; not compact. Evelyn. 
SANDSTONE, sand'-stone. n.s. Stone of a loose 
and friable kind, that easily crumbles into sand. 
Woodward. 



SANDY, sand' -e. a. Abounding with sand; full of 
sand. Shakspeare. Consisting of sand; unsolid. 
Bacon. 

SANE, sane. a. [sanus, Lat.] Sound; healthy. 

SANG, sang. The preterit of sing. Exod. 

SANG-FROID*, sang'-frwa'. n. s. [Fr.] Coolness; 
freedom from agitation : an affected phrase. Sher- 
idan. 

SANGUIFEROUS, sang-gw?P-fer-us. a. [sanguifer, 
Lat.] Convening blood. Derham. 

SANGUIFICA'TION, sang-gwe-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. 
[Fr. ; sanguis and J ado, Lat. J The production of 
blood; the conversion of the chyle into blood. Ar 
buthnot. 

SANGUIFIER, sang'-gwe-fl-fir. n. s. [sanguis and 
facio, Lat.] Producer of blood. Floyer. 

To SA'NGUIFY, sang'-gwe-fl. 340. v. n. [sanguis 
and facio, Lat.] To produce blood. Hale. 

SANGUINARY, sang'-gwe-na-re. a. [sanguina- 
ritis, Lat.] Cruel ; bloody ; murtherous. Bacon. 

SANGUINARY, sang'-gwe-na-re. 71. s. [sangui- 
naire, Fr.] An herb. Ainsworth. 

SANGUINE?, sang'-gwm. 340. a. [sanguin, Fr.; 
sanguineus, from sanguis, Lat.] Red ; having the 
colour of blood. Milton. Abounding with blood 
more than any other humour; cheerful. Brown. 
Warm ; ardent ; confident. Swift. 

SANGUINE, sang'-gwln. n. 5. Blood colour. Spen- 
ser. The blood-stone, with which cutlers sanguine 
their hilts. Cotzrave. 

To SANGUINE*, sang'-gyvln. v. a. To make of a 
sanguine colour ; to varnish with sanguine. Min- 
sheu. To stain with blood. Fansharoe. 

S ANGUINELY*, sang'-gwm-le. ad. With sanguine- 
ness; ardentlv ; confidently. Ld. Chesterfield. 

SANGUINENESS, sang'-g\v?n-nes. )n. s. Ardour; 

SANGUINITY, sang-gw?n'-e-te. $ heat of ex- 
pectation; ccnfidence. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

SANGUINEOUS, sang-gwln'-e-us. a. [sanguineus, 
Lat.] Constituting blood. Brown. Abounding with 
blood. Arbidhnot. 

SANHEDRIM, san'-he-drlm. n. s. [Hebrew.] The 
chief council among the Jews, consisting of sev- 
enty elders, over whom the high priest presided. 
Patrick. 

S A'NICLE, san'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [Fr. ; sanicula, Lat.] 

A plant. 
ISA' NIES, sa'-ne-?z. n.s. [Lat.] Thin matter; se- 
rous excretion. Wiseman. 

SANIOUS, sa'-ne-fis. 314. a. Running a thin, serous 
matter, not a well-digested pus. T1 



Wiseman, 
[sanitas, Lat.] Soundness 



SANITY., san'-e-te 

of mind. Shakspea 
SANK, sangk. The preterit of sink. Sidney. 
SANS, sanz. prep. [Fr.] Without. Sliak. Ob. J. 
SANSCRIT*, san'-skrlt. n. s. [san or sam, and 

skreela.] The learned language of the Bramins of 

India; the parent of all the Indian languages. 

Eraser. 
SANTER*. See Saunter. 
SANTON*, san-t6n'. n. s. One of the Turkish 

priests; a kind of dervis, regarded by the vulgar 

as a saint. Sir T. HerbeH. 
SAP §, sap. n. s. [yaepe, Sax. ; sap, Dutch.] The vital 

juice of plants; the juice that circulates in trees and 

herbs. Spenser. 
To SAP $, sap. v. a. [sapper, Fr. ; zappare, Ital.] 

To undermine ; to subvert by digging ; to mine. 

Dryden. 
To SAP, sap. t\ n. To proceed by mine; to proceed 

invisibly. Toiler. 
SAP*, sap. n. s. [In military language.] A sort of 

mine. 
SA'PHIRE. See Sapphire. 
SA'PID §, sap'-?d. 544. a. [sarridus, Lat.] Tasteful; 

palatable ; making a powerful stimulation upon the 

palate. Brown. 
SAPI'DITY, sa-p?d'-e-te. ) n. s. Tastefulness ; 
SA'PIDNESS, sap'-id-nes. $ power of stimulating 

the palate. Brown. 
SA'PIENCE §, sa'-pe-ense. n. s. [Fr. ; sapientia, Lat.] 

Wisdoir. j sageness ; knowledge. Grew. 



SAR 



SAT 



— mS. move, nor. not ;— tube, tflb, bull 5 — 6ll ; — pound ,—th'm, thjs. 



SA PIENT, sa'-pe-ent. a. [sapiens, Lai.] Wise ; 
Sage. Milton. 

SAPIE NTIAL*, sa-pe-eV-shal. a. Affording lessons 
of wisdom, ifp. Richardson. 

SAPLESS, sap'-lfis. a. [raepleaf, Sax.; saploos, 
Dutch.] Wanting- sap : wanting vital juice. Shale. 
Dry ; old ; husky. Dryden. 

SA PLING, sap -ling. v. s. A young tree ; a young- 
plant. Shakspeare. 

SAPONA'CEOUS, sap-o-na'-shik 357. 



SA PQNARY, sdp'-po-na-re. 
Soapy; resembling soap; having 



[sapo, 
3 Lai.] 
the qualities of 
soap. Boule. 
8 A' FOR, sa'-pdr. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Taste; power 

of affecting or stimulating the palate. Brown. 
SAPORI'FICK, sap-o-rif-fik. 530. a. [saporifque, 
Fr.; sapor and facie. Lat.] Having the power to 
produce tastes. 
SA POROLS/. sa'-pfir-us. a. Savoury. Bailey. 

SA PPER*, sap -pfir. v. s. [sappeur, Fr.] A kind of 
miner. Transl. of Boccalini. 

SA'PPHICK*. saJ ' -f Ik. a. [Sapphicus, Lat... from 
Sappho, who invented or particularly used this 
kind of metre.] Denoting a kind of verse used by 
the Greeks and Latins, consisting of eleven sylla- 
bles or five feet, of which the first, fourth, and fifth, 
are trochees, the second a spondee, and the third a 
dactyle, in the first three lines of each stanza, which 
closes with a fourth consisting only of a dactyle and 
spondee. Mason. 

SA PPHIRE, saf-flr. 140, 415. n. s. [sapphirus, 
Lat.] A precious stone of a bright blue colour. 
Woodward. 

SA PPHIRLNE, saf -fir-hie. 149. a. Made of sap- 
phire ; resembling sapphire. Donne. 

SAPPINESS, sap'-pe-n&s. n. s. The state or the 
quality of abounding in sap; succulence; juiciness. 

SA'PPY. sap'-pe. a. [yaepi^, Sax.] Abounding in 
sap 3 juicy 5 succulent. Mortimer. Young j not 
firm; weak. Hayward. [o->/rw.] Musty; tainted 5 
reasty. Barret. 

SA RABAND, sar'-ra-band. 524. n. s. [qarabande, 
Span. ; sarabande, Fr.] A Spanish dance. Arbuth- 
not. 

SARACENTCK*. sar-a-sen'-ik. } a. Denoting 

SARACE'NTCAL* sar-a-seV-e-kal. \ the architec- 
ture of the Saracens, or the modern Gothick. 
Johnson. 

SARCASM}, sar-kazm. n. s. [sarcasme, Fr. ; sar- 
casmas, Lat. ; aapKafa, Gr.] A keen reproach ; a 
taunt ; a gibe. Hammond. 

SARCA'STICAL. sar-kas'-te-kal. ) a. Keen; taunt- 

SARCA STICK, sar-kas'-lik. 509. > ing; severe. 
Sotdli. 

SARCASTICALLY, sar-kas'-te-kal-e. ad. Taunt- 
ingly; severely. Hammond. 

SARCENET, sarse'-net. n. s. [supposed to be seri- 
enm sarucerujeum, Lat.] Fine, thin woven silk. 
Shakspeare* 

To SA'RCLE, sar'-kl. v. a. [sarcfer, Fr. ; sarculo, 
Lat.] To weed corn. Ainsicorth. 

SARCOCE LE. sar-ko-seel'. [See Hydrocele.] 
n. s. [oap!:. and ta)\n, Gr. ; sarcocele, Fr.] A fleshy 
excrescence of the testicles, which sometimes grows 
so large as to stretch the scrotum much beyond its 
natural size. Quincy. 

SARCOMA, sar-k6 ; -ma. 92. n. s. [odoKwpa.] A 
fleshy excrescence, or lump, growing in any part 
of the body, especially the nostrils. B^ailey. 

SARCOPHAGOUS, "sar-k6f'-ta-gus. 581. a. [™ P | 
and (pdyu).\ Flesh-eating ; feeding on flesh. 

SARCOPHAGUS*, .xar-kof-fa-gus. n. s. [Lat.] 
A sort of stone coffin or grave, in which the an- 
cients laid those bodies which were not to be burn- 
ed. Addison. 

SARCOPHAGY, sar-kof-fa-je. 518. n. s. [<r«p| 
and cjayw.l The practice of eating flesh. Broun! 

SARCO TICK, sar-koP-tik. 509. n. s. [ad 9 l Gr. ; 
sarcotique, Fr.] A medicine which fills up ulcers 
with new flesh : the same as inearnaltve. Wise- 
man. 

3ARCULATI0N, sar-ku-la'-shfi.i. n.s. [sat cuius, 



Lat.] The act of weeding ; plucking ud weeds. 
Diet. 

SA Kl)Kl..sar'-del. ) 

SA RD1NE StOK, sar'-dlne-stc-ne. 140. in. s. 

SA'RDIUS, saW-de-fls, or sar'-je-us. 293, 294. ) 

A sort of precious stone. Rev. iv. 
SARDO MAN*, sar-d6'-ne-an. )a. Forced or feign- 
SARDO NICK*, sar-don'-ik. S ed,. as applied to 

laughter, smiles, or grins. Spenser. 
S.VRDONYX, sar'-do-ni'ks. n.s. A precious stone. 

Woodward. 
SARK, sark. 7?. 5. []*ypic, ryjic, Sax.] A common 
word, in our northern counties,, for a shirt or shift. 
Arbvthhot. 
\ SARN, sarn. n. s. A British word for pavement, 01 
: stepping-stones. 

SA RPLIER, sar'-pleer. n. s. [sarpilliere, Fr.] A 
piece of canvass for wrapping up wares ; a packing- 
cloth. Bailey. 
J SA RRASINE, sar'-ra-sfn. n. s. A kind of birth- 
wort, Bailey. 
I SA'RSA, sar'-sa. ) n. s. Both a 

: SARSAPARPLLA, slr-sa-pa-riF-la. $ tree and an 

herb. Ainsworth. 
I SARSE §, sarse. n. s. [sassure, Fr.] A sort of fine 

lawn sieve. Barret. 
To SARSE, sarse. v. a. [sasser, Fr.] To sift through 

a sarse or searse. Bailey. 
SART, sart. n. s. [In agriculture.] A piece of wood 

land turned into arable. Bailey. 
SARTO RIUS*, sar-t6'-re-us. n. s. [sartor, Lat.] 
The muscle which serves to throw one leg across 
the other, called the tailor's muscle. Paley. 
SASH §, sash. n. s. [from the wrapper or turban of 
the East, called the sJiash.'] A belt worn by way 
of distinction ; a silken band worn by officers 'in the 
army, and by the clergy over their cassocks ; a 
riband worn round the waist by ladies. Stack- 
house. A window so formed as'to be let up and 
down by pulleys, [cliassis, Fr.] Sicift. 
To SASH*, sash. v. a. To dress with a sash. Burke. 

To furnish with sash windows. 
SA'SPIOON, sasb/-66n. n.s. A kind of leather stuff- 
ing put into a boot for the wearer's ease. Ains- 
icorth. 
SA'SSAFRAS, sas'-sa-fras. n. s. A tree. 
SASSE*, sas. n. s. [sas, DutchJ A kind of sluice, 
or lock, on navigable rivers. The word occurs in 
our old statutes. 
SAT, sat. The preterit of sit, 

SA' TAN*, sa -tan, or sap-tan. n. s. [Heb.] The 
devil. Rev. xii. 

95= This word is frequently pronounced as if written 
Sattan ; but making the first syllable long is so agreea- 
ble to analogy, that it ought to be indulged wherever 
custom will permit, and particularly in proper names. 
Cato, Plato, etc.. have now universally the penultimate 
a long and slender ; and no good reas"on can be «iven 
why the word in question should not join this class: if 
the short quantity of the a in the original be alleged 
for an answer to this see Principles, No. 544, and "the 
word Satire. Mr. Nares and Buchanan, only, adopt 
the second sound ; but Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston. Mr. Perry, En- 
tick, and. if we may judge by the position of the accent, 
Dr. Ash and Bailey, the first.— See The Key to the Clas- 
sical Pronunciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture 
Proper Names, under the word. W. 

SATA'NTCAL*. sa-tan'-ne-kal. ) a. Eelonging to 

SATANlCK>->a-ian / -nik.509. $ the devil; pro- 
ceeding from the devil ; evil ; false ; malicious 
Milton. 

SATA'NICALLY* sa-lan'.-ne-kal-le. ad. With mal- 
ice or wickedness suiting the devil ; diabolically. 
Hammond. 

SA'TANISM*. si'-tan-izm. n. s. A diabolical dispo- 
sition. Eleg. on Donne's Death. 

SATANIST*. sa'-ian-k. n. s. A wicked person. 
Granger. 

SATCHEL, salsh'-il. n.s. [seckel Germ.; sacculus, 
Lat.] A little bag : commonly a bpg used by school- 
boys. Shakspeare. 

To SATE v. sate. v. a, [satio, Lat.) To satiate; to 



SAT 



SAT 



ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mel;— pine, pin: 



glut ; to pall ; to feed beyond natural desires. Mil- 
ton, 

SA'TELESS*, sate'-les. a. Insatiable. Young. 

SATELLITES, sat'-tel-llte. [satMel-Jlte, Sheridan, 
Jones, Perry, Fulton and Knight ; sa-tel'-lft, Ken- 
rick.'] n. s. [satelles, Lat. ; .satellite, Fr.] A small 
planet revolving round a larger. Locke. 

$Cf* Pope has, by the license of his art, accented the plu- 
ral of this word upon the second syllable, and, like the 
Latin plural, has given it four syllables : 
"Or ask of yonder argent fields above, 
" VVhy Jove's satellites are less than Jove." 

Essay on Man. 
This, however, is only pardonable in poetry, and, it may 
be added, in good poetry. — See Antipodes and Milli- 
pedes. W. 

SATELLFTIOUS, sat-iel-l?sh'-us. a. Consisting of 
satellites. Cheyne. 

To SA'TIATE §, sa'-she-ate. v. a. [satio, Lat.] To 
satisfy; to fill. Baco?i. To glut; to pall; to fill be- 
yond natural desire. Locke. To gratify desire. K. 
Charles. To saturate ; to impregnate with as much 
as can be contained or imbibed. Neivton. 

SA'TIATE, sa'-she-ate. a. Glutted ; full of satiety. 
Pope. 

SATIATION* sa-she-a'-shfin. n. s. The state of 
being^ filled. Whitaker. 

SA /r JTETY, sa-tl'-e-te. 460. n. s. [salietas, Lat. ; sati- 
ete, Fr.] Fulness beyond desire or pleasure ; more 
than enough ; wearisomeness of plenty ; state of 
being palled or glutted. Shakspeare. 

§£jr The sound of the second syllable of this word has 
been grossly mistaken by the generality of speakers ; 
nor is it much to be wondered at. Ti, with the accent 
on it, succeeded by a vowel, is a very uncommon pre- 
dicament for an English syllable to bo under ; and 
therefore it is not surprising, that it has been almost 
universally confounded with an apparently similar, but 
really different, assemblage of accent, vowels, and con- 
sonants. So accustomed is the ear to the' aspirated 
sound oft, when followed by two vowels, that, when- 
ever these appear, we are apt to annex the very same 
sound to that letter, without attending to an essential 
circumstance in this word, which distinguishes it from 
every other in the language. There is no English word 
of exactly the same form with satiety, and therefore it 
cannot, like most other words, be tried by its peers ; 
but analogy, that grand resource of reason, will as 
clearly determine, in this case, as if the most positive 
evidence were produced. 
In the first place, then, the sound commonly given to the 
second syllable of this word, which is that of the first 
of si-lencc, as if written sa-si-c-ty, is never found annex- 
ed to the same letters throughout the whole language. 
T, when succeeded by two vowels, in every instance but 
the word in question, sounds exactly like sA ;' thus sa- 
tiate, expatiate, &c, are pronounced as if written sa- 
ske-ate, ex-pa-she-atc, &c, and not sa-se-atc. ex-pa-se- 
ate, &c. ; and, therefore, if the t must be aspirated in 
this word, it ought at least, to assume that aspiration 
which is found among similar assemblages of letters, 
and, instead of sa-si-e-ty, it ought to be sounded sa-ski- 
e-ty : in this mode of pronunciation a greater parity 
might be pleaded ; nor should we introduce a new aspi- 
ration to reproach our language with needless irregu- 
larity. But, if we once cast an eye on those conditions 
o\\ which we give an aspirated sound to the dentals. 26, 
we shall find both these methods of pronouncing this 
word equally remote from analogy. In almost every 
termination where the consonants t, d, c, and s, precede 
the vowels ea, la, ie, io, &c, as ia/martial, soldier, sus- 
picion, confusion, anxious, prescience. &.c, the accent 
is on the syllable immediately before these consonants, 
and they all assume the aspiration ; but in JEgyptia- 
cum, elephantiasis, hendiadis, society, anxiety, science, 
Sec, the accent is immediately after these consonants, 
and the t, d, c, and x, are pronounced as free from aspi- 
ration as the same letters in tier, diet, cion, Ixion, &c. : 
the position of the accent makes the whole difference. 
But, if analogy in our own language were silent, the 
uniform pronunciation of words from the learned lan- 
guages, where these letters occur, would be sufficient 
to decide tiie dispute. Thus in elephantiasis, Miltia- 
des, satietas, &c, the antepenultimate syllable ti is al- 
ways pronounced like the English noun tic ; nor should 
we dream of giving ti the aspirated sound in these 
Words, though there would be exactly the same reason 



for it as in satiety ; for, except in very few instances, a» 
we pronounce Latin in the analogy of our own lan- 
guage, no reason can be given why we should pro- 
nounce the antepenultimate syllable in satietas one 
way, and that in satiety another. 

I should have thought my time thrown away in so minute 
an investigation of the pronunciation of this word, if I 
had not found the best judges disagree about it. That 
Mr. Sheridan supposed it ought to be pronounced sa si- 
e-ty is evident from his giving this word as an instance 
of the various sounds of t, and telling us that here it 
sounds s. Mr. Garrick, whom I consulted on this word, 
told me, if there were any rules for pronunciation, I 
was certainly right in mine ; but that he and his litera- 
ry acquaintance pronounced in the other manner. Dr. 
Johnson likewise thought I was right, but that the 
greater number of speakers were against me ; and D r 
Lowth told me he was clearly of my opinion, but that 
he could get nobody to follow him. I was much flat- 
tered to find my sentiments confirmed by so great a 
judge, and much more flattered when I found my rea- 
sons were entirely new to him. 

But, notwithstanding the tide of opinion was some years 
ago so much against me, I have since had the pleasure 
of finding some of the most judicious philologists on my 
side. Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, 
mark the word as I have done, [also Jones, Fulton 
and Knight,] ; and Mr. Nares is ot opinion it ought to 
be so pronounced, though, for a reason very different 
from those I have produced, namely, in order to keep it 
as distinct as may be from the word society ; while Mr. 
Fry frankly owns it is very difficult to determine the 
proper pronunciation of this word. 

Thus I have ventured to decide where " doctors disagree," 
and have been induced to spend so much time on the 
correction of this word, as the improper pronunciation 
of it does not, as in most other cases, proceed from an 
evident caprice of custom, as in busy and bury, or from 
a desire of drawing nearer to the original language, but 
from an absolute mistake of the principles on which we 
pronounce our own. W. 

SATIN, sat'-tm. n. s. [Fr. ; sattin, Dutch.] A soft, 
close, and shining silk. Sidney. 

SATINET*, satQ-nei. n. s. A sort of slight satin. 

SATIRE §, sa'-tur, sat'-ur, sa'-tire, or sat'-lre. [su/- 
tur, Perry, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] n. s. [satyra, 
Lat.] A poem in which wickedness or folly is cen- 
sured. Proper satire is distinguished, by the gen- 
erality of the reflections, from a lampoon, which is 
aimed against a particular person ; but they are 
too frequently confounded. Bp. Hall. 

{£}T The first mode of pronouncing this word is adopted 
by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Smith. 
The short quantity of the first vowel is adopted by Mr. 
Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Buchanan, and Entick; but the 
quantity of the second syllable they have not marked. 
— The third is adopted by Dr. Kenrick ; and for the 
fourth we have no authorities. 

But, though the first mode of pronouncing this word is 
the most general, and the most agreeable to an English 
ear, the second seems to be that which is most favoured 
by the learned, because, say they, the first syllable in 
the Latin satyra, is short. But, if this reasoning were 
to hold good, we ought to pronounce the first syllable 
of silence, local, label, libel, locust, paper, and many 
others, short, because silentium, localis, labellum, libel- 
lus, loctista, papyrus, &c, have all the first syllable 
short in Latin. But, to furnish the learned with'an ar- 
gument which perhaps may not immediately occur to 
them, it may be said, that, in the instances I have ad- 
duced, none of the Latin words have the initial syllable 
accented as well as short, which is the case with the 
word satyra .- but it may be answered, if we were to 
follow the quantity of the Latin accented vowel, wo 
must pronounce fatid, mimick, frigid, squalid, comick, 
resin, credit, spirit, and lily, with the first vowel long, 
because it is the case in the Latin words fmtidus, mi- 
micus, frigidus, squalidus, comicus. resina, creditus, 
spiritus, and lilium. 

The only shadow of an argument, therefore, that remains 
is, that, though we do not adopt the Latin quantity of 
the accented antepenultimate vowel when it is long, 
we do when it is short. For, though we have many 
instances where an English word of two syllables has 
the first short, though derived from a Latin word where 
the two first syllables are long; as, civil, legit ?, solemn, 
&c, from civilis, legatus, solemnis, &c. ; yet we have 
no instance in the language where a word of three syl- 
lables in Latin, with the two first vowels short, becomes 
an English dissyllable with the first syllable long, ex- 
cept the vowel be «,— See Principles. No. 507, 508, 509. 
804 



SAT 



SAU 



— ikS. move, ndr, ndt ; — tube, tub. bull 5—6?! ;— p6und 5— thin, this. 



Hence the shortness of the first syllables of platanc, 
zephyr, atom, tec, from platanw, ttpkyrus, atomu.i, 
&c, which are short, not only from the custom of car- 
rying the short sound we give to tho Latin antepenulti- 
mate vowel into the penultimate of the English word 
derived from it. but from the affectation of shortening 
the initial vowel, which this custom has introduced, in 
order to give our pronunciation a Latin air, and furnish 
us with an opportunity of showing our learning by ap- 
pealing to Latin quantity; which, when applied to 
English, is so vague and uncertain as to put us out of 
all fear of detection if we happen to be wrong. The 
absurd custom, therefore, of shortening our vowels, j 
ought to Ik? discountenanced as much as possible, since 
it is supported by such weak and desultory arguments ; 
and our own analogy, in this as well as in similar words, 
ought to be preferred to such a shadow of analogy to 
the quantity of the Latin language as I have charitably 
afforded to those who arc ignorant of it. — Sec Princi- 
ples. Xo. 544. 

Though poets often bend the rhyme to their verse, when j 
they cannot bring their verse to the rhyme; yet, where 
custom is equivocal, they certainly are of some weight, j 
In this view we may look upon Pope's couplet in his 
Essay on Criticism: 
•' Leave dang'rous truths to unsuccessful satires, 
* And flattery to fulsome dedicators." 

With respect to the quantity of the last syllable, though i 
custom seems to have decided it in this word, it is not 1 
so certain in other words of a similar form. These we 
purpose to consider under the word Umpire, which 
see. W. 

SATI RICAL, sa-trr' : re-kal. )a. [satiricus, Lat.] Be- 

SATI PJCK,sa-uV-rlk. £ longing to satire; 

employed in writing of invective. Roscommon. 
Censorious ; severe in language. Slia/cspeare. 

SATIRICALLY, sa-u¥-re-kaf-e. ad. With invec- 
tive; with intention to censure or vilify. Drijden. 

SATIRIST, sat'-tur-'fst. [See Patroness.] re. s. 
One who writes satires. Bp. Hall. 

To SATIRIZE, sat'-lur-lze. v. a. [satirizcr, Fr.] 
To censure as in a satire. Dryden. 

SATISFACTION $, sat-tls-fak'-shun. re. s". [satisfac- 
tio, Lat.] The act of pleasing to the full, or state 
of being pleased. South. The act of pleasing. I 
Locke. The state of being pleased. Locke. Re- I 
lease from suspense, uncertaint\ r . or uneasiness ; ! 
conviction. Sliak. Gratification; That which pleases, j 
Dryden. Amends ; atonement for a crime ; recom- j 
pense for an injury. Milton. 

SATISFA CTIVE: sat-tls-fak'-tiv. a. [satisj 'actus J 
Lat.] Giving satisfaction. Brown. 

SATISFACTORILY,, sat-tls-fdk'-t&r-e-le. ad. So j 
as to content. Brcnvn. 

S ATISFA'CTORINESS, sat-tfs-fak'-tfir-re-nes. re. s. ! 
Power of satisfying; power of giving content. 
Boyle. 

SATISFACTORY, sat-tls-fak'-tur-e. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. Giving satisfaction ; giving content. Locke. 
Atoning; making amends. Sanderson. 

SATISFIER*, saf-fJs-f i-fir. n. s. One who makes 
satisfaction. Sheridan. 

To SATISFY §, sat'-tis-fl. v. a. [sotisfacio, Lat.] 
To content; to plea.se *o such a degree as that 
nothing more is desired. Proverbs. To feed to the 
lull. Job. To recompense ; to pay to content. 
Shak. To appease by punishment. Milton. To 
free from doubt, perplexity, or suspense. Locke. 
To convince. Locke. 

To SATISFY, sat'-lis-fl. v. n. To give content. 
To feed to the full. To make payment. Locke. 

SATIVE*, sa'-tlv, a. [sativus, Lat.] Sown in gar- 
dens. Evelyn. 

SA' TRAP*, sa/-trap. n. s. [Persian.] A governour 
of a district ; a kind of viceroy ; a nobleman in 
power. Sltenstone. 

SATRAPY*, sal'-ra-pe. re. e. The government as- 
signed to a satrap. Milton. 

SATURABLE, sat'-tshu-ra-bl. a. Impregnable 
with any thing till it will receive no more. Grew. 

SATURANT, sat'-tshu-rant. a, [saturans, Lat.] Im- 
pregnating to the full. 

To SATURATE, sat'-tshu-rate. v. a. [saluro, Lat.] 
To impregnate till no more can be received or im- 
bibed. Woodward. 



SATURATION*, sat-tshu-ra'-shun. n.s. [In chym- 
istry.] The impregnation of an acid will an alkali, 
ami vice versa, till either will receive no moie, and 
the mixture becomes neutral. Chambers. 

SA TURDAY, sat'-tfir-d6. 223. n. s. [yjefcenj-baeS, 
Sax., according to Verstegan, from j-aeten, a Sax- 
on idol ; more properly from Saturn, dies Saturni.] 
The last dav of the week. Addison. 

SATUR1TY, sa-tiV-re-te. n. s. [saturite, old Fr.] 
Fulness; the state of being saturated 3 repletion. 
Warner. 

SATURN $, sa'-tum, or sat'-turn. re. s. [Saturnus. 
Lat.] A remote planet of the solar system : suppos- 
ed by astrologers to impress melancholy, dulness, 
or severity of temper. Bentley. [In chymistry.] 
Lead. 

QCr This was supposed to be the remotest planet when 
Dr. Johnson wrote his dictionary; but Sir. Herschel has 
since discovered a planet still more remote, which will 
undoubtedly be called hereafter by his own name. The 
first pronunciation of this word is not the most general, 
but by far the most analogical; and for the same reason 
as in Satan: but there is an additional reason in this 
word, which will weigh greatly with the learned, and 
that is, the a is long in the original. Mr. Elphinston, 
Dr. Kenrick, Perry, and Entick, adopt the second pro- 
nunciation of this word ; and Mr. Sheridan, Scott, Bu- 
chanan, W. Johnston, and, if we may guess by the po- 
sition of the accent, Dr. Ash and Bailey, the first. W. 

SATURNA'LIAN* sat-tiir-na'-le-an. a. [Saturnalia, 
Lat.] Sportive; loose, like the feasts of Saturn. 
Burke. 

SATU'RNIAN, sa-uV-ne-an. a. [saturnius, Lat.] 
Happy; golden ; used by poets for times of felicity, 
such as are feigned to have been in the reign of 
Saturn. Pope. 

SATURNINE, sat'-tur-nlne. 148. a. [saturnimis, 
Lat.] Not light ; not volatile j gloomy ; grave ; mel- 
ancholy ; severe of temper : supposed to be born 
under the dominion of Saturn. Addison. 

SA'TURNIST*, sat'-tur-nlst. re. s. One of gloomy 
or melancholy disposition. Broume. 

SATYR. §, sa/-tur, or sat'-fir. n. s. [satyrus, Lat.] A 
sylvan god : supposed among the ancients to be 
rude and lecherous. Peacham. 

$5= This word and satire, a poem, are pronounced ex- 
actly alike, and for similar reasons. W. 

SATYRFASIS, sat-e-rl'-a-sfs. re. s. An abundance 
of seminal lvmphas. Floyer. 

SATY'RlON* sa-tlr'-e-un. re. s. A plant. Pope. 

SAUCE v, sawse. 218. n. s. [sauce, saulse, Fr. ; salsa, 
Ital ; salsus, of salio, Lat.] Something eaten with 
food to improve its taste. Sidney. — To serve one 
the same sauce. A vulgar phrase : to retaliate one 
injury with another. 

To SAUCE, sawse. v. re. To accompany meat with 
something of higher relish. To gratify with rich 
tastes. Shak. To intermix or accompany with 
any thing good, or. ironically, with any thing bad. 
Sidney . 

SAU'CEBOX, sawse'-boks. re. s. [from saucy. .] An 
impertinent or petulant fellow. Breicer. 

SAU'CEPAN, sawse'-pan. re. s. A small skillet with 
a long handle, in which sauce or small things are 
boiled. Swift. 

SAU'CER, saw'-sur. 98, 218. re. s. [sauciere, Fr.] A 
small pan or platter in which sauce is set on the 
table. Bacon. A piece or platter of china, into 
which a tea-cup is set. 

SAU'CILY, saw'-se-le. ad. Impudently ; impertinent- 
ly; petulantly; in a saucy manner. Shakspeare. 

SAU'CINESS, saw'-se-nes. n.s. Impudence ; petu- 
lance, impertinence ; contempt of superiours. Sid- 
nev. 

SA V'CISSE. re. s. [Fr.] [In gunnery.] A long 
train of powder sewed up in a roll of pitched cloth, 
about two inches diameter, in order to fire a 
bombchest. Bailey. 

SA UCISSON. re. s. [Fr.] [In military architec- 
ture.] Fagots or fascines made of large boughs 
of trees bound together. Bailev. 

SAU'CY$, saw'-se. 218, a. [salsiis, Lat,] Pert; petu- 
805 



SAV SAX 




O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 





lant ; contemptuous of superiours ; insolent ; impu- 
dent ; impertinent. Shakspeare. 

§£r The regular sound of this diphthong must be care- 
fully preserved, as the Italian sound of a given to it in 
this word, and in sauce, saucer, daughter, &c, is only 
heard among the vulgar. TV. 

SAUL* sawl. n. s. [r-aul. Sax.] The soul : so pro- 
nounced in some parts of the north of England, and 
so anciently written. [See Soul. 

To SAU'NTER§, san'-tur, or sawn'-tur. v. n. [from 
idle people who roved about the country, and ask- 
ed charity under pretence of going a la sainte terre.] 
To wander about idly. jm Estrange. To loiter ; to 
linger. Locke. 

35= The first, mode of pronouncing this word is the most 
agreeable to analogy, if not in the most general use ; 
but, where use has formed so clear a rule as in words of 
this form, it is wrong not to follow it. — See Principles, 
No. 214. Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. N.ares, and 
Mr. Scott, are for the first pronunciation ; and Mr. 
Sheridan and W. Johnston for th^i.last. Mr. Perry 
gives both ; but, by placing them as I have done, seems 
to give the preference to the first. TV. 

SAU'NTER*, san'-tur, or sawn'-tnr. ) n. s. Ram- 

SAU'NTERER*, san'-tur-ur. \ bier; idler. 

Young., 

SAU'NCING-BELL*. See^SANCEBELL. 

SA'USAGE, saw'-sldje, or sas'-sldje. n. s. [saucisse, 
Fr.] A roll or ball made commonly of pork or veal, 
and sometimes of beef, minced very small, with 
salt and spice ; sometimes it is stuffed into skins, 
and sometimes only rolled in flour. Barret. 

$£f" This word is pronounced in the first manner by cor- 
rect, and in the second by vulgar speakers. Among 
this number, however, I do not reckon Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Smith, and Mr. Scott, who adopt it; but, in my 
opinion, Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry, who prefer the 
first, are not only more agreeable to rule, but to the best 
usage. In this opinion i am confirmed by Mr. Nares, 
who says it is commonly pronounced in the second man- 
ner.— See Principles, No. 218. TV. 

SA'VABLE*, sa'-va-bl. a. Capable of being saved. 
Chillingworth. 

SA'VABLENESS*, sa'-va-bl-nes. n. s. Capability 
of being savtsJ. Chillingworth. 

SA'VAGE §, sav'-vidje. 90. a. [sauvage, Fr. ; selvag- 
gio,Ila\.] Wild ; uncultivated. Milton. Untamed; 
cruel. Sha/c. Uncivilized; barbarous; untaught; 
wild; brutal. Raleigh. 

SA'VAGE, sav'-vfdje. n. s. A man untaught and 
uncivilized ; a barbarian. Raleigh. . 

To SA'VAGE, sav'-vidje. v. a. To make barbarous, 
wild, or cruel. More. 

SA'VAGELY, sav'-vldje-le. ad. Barbarously; 
cruelly. 

SA'VAGENESS, sav'-vldje-n&s. n. s. Barbarous- 
ness; cruelty; wildness. Shakspeare. 

SA'VAGERY, sav'-vidje-re. n. s. Cruelty; barbar- 
ity. Shakspeare. Wild growth. Shakspeare. 

SAVA'NNA, sa-van'-na. 92. n: : s, [Span.] An cpen 
meadow without wood; pasture-ground in Ameri- 
ca. Loc/ce. 

To SAVE §, save. v. a. [sauver, saidver, Fr. ; salvo, 
Lat.] To preserve from danger or destruction. 
Isaiah, xlvi. To preserve finally from eternal 
death. Heb. x. Not to spend or lose; to hinder 
from being spent or lost. Temple. To reserve or 
lay by. Job, xx. To spare; to excuse. Dryden. 
To salve; to reconcile. Milton. To take or em- 
brace opportunely, so as not to lose. Swift. 
To SAVE, save. v.n. To be cheap. Bacon. 
SAVE, save. prep. Except; not including. Spenser. 

It is now little used. 
SA'VEALL, save'-all. 406. n. s. [save and all.] A 
small pan inserted into a candlestick to save the 
ends of candles. Howell. 
SA'VER, sa'-vur. 98. n. s. Preserver ; rescuer. Sid- 
ney. One who escapes loss, though without gain. 
Drijden. A good husband. One who lays up and 

frows rich. Wotlon. 
'VIN, sav'-In. n. s. [sabina, Lat. ; savin, sabin, Fr.] 
A plant: a species of juniper. 
SA'VING, sa'-ving. 410. a. Frugal; parsimonious; 



not lavish. Arbuthnot. Not turning to loss, though 
not gainful. Addison. 
SA'VING, sa'-ving. pi-ep. With exception in favour 

of. Spenser. 
SA'VING, sa'-vlng. n. s. Escape of expense ; some- 
what preserved from being spent. Bacon. Excep- 
tion in favour. L 'Estrange. 
SA'VINGLY, sa'-ving-le. ad. So as to be saved: 

South. With parsimony. 
SA'VINGNESS. sa'-ving-nes. n. s. Parsimony ; fru- 
gality. Tendency to promote eternal salvation. 
Brevint. 
SA'VIOUR. save'-yur. 113. n. s. [sauveur, Fr.] Re- 
deemer : He that has graciously saved mankind 
from eternal death. St. Luke. 
SA'VORQUS^sa'-vur-fis.a. [savoureux, Fr.] Sweet; 

pleasant. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
SA'VORY, sa'-vur-e. n. s. [savoree, Fr.] A plant. 

Miller. 
SA'VOUR§, sa'-vur. n. s. [saveur, Fr.] A scent; 
odour. Tusser. Taste; power of affecting the 
palate. Milton. 
To SA'VOUR, sa'-vur. v. n. [savourer, Fr.] To 
have any particular smell or taste. To betoken ; 
to have an appearance or intellectual taste of 
something. Speuser. 
To SA'VOUR, sa'-vur. t\ a. To like ; to taste or 
smell with delight. Shak. To perceive ; to con- 
sider; to taste intellectually. St. Matt. xvi. 
SA'VOURILY, sa'-vur-e-le. ad. With gust; with 
appetite. Dryden. With a pleasing relish. Dry- 
den. 
SA VOURINESS, sa/-vur-e-nes.n.s. Taste pleasing 

and piquant. Pleasing smell. 
SA'VOURLESS*, sa'-vur-les. a. Wanting savour. 

Bp. Hall. 
SA'VOURLY*, sa'-vur-Je. a. Well seasoned ; of good 

taste. Huloet. 
SA'VOURLY*, sa'-vur-le. ad. With a pleasing relish 

Barrow. 
SA'VOURY, sa'-vur-e. a. [savoreux, Fr.] Pleasing 

to the smell. Milton. Piquant to the taste. Gen. 
SAVO'Y, sa-voe'. n.s. A sort of colewort. 
SAW, saw. 219. The preterit of see. 
SAW§, saw. n.s. [sawe, Dan.; yaga, Sax.] A den- 
tated instrument, by the attrition of which wood or 
metal is cut. Moxon. [j*a£e, ra^a, Sax. ; 'saeghe, 
Teut.] A saying ; a maxim ; a sentence ; an axiom ; 
a proverb. Shakspeare. A decree. Spenser. 
To SAW, saw. v. a. part, sawed and sawn. To cut 

timber or other matter with a saw. Hebrews. 
SA'WDUST, saw'-dust. n.s. Dust made by the at 

trition of the saw. Wiseman. 
SA'WFISH, saw'-fish. n. s. A sort of fish with a 

kind of dentated horn. 
SA'WPIT, saw'-plt. n. s. Pit over which timber is 

laid to be sawn bv two men. Shakspeare. 
SAW-WORT, saw'-wurt. n.s. A plant like the 
greater centaury, from which this differs in having 
smaller heads. Miller. 
SAW-WREST, saw'-rest. n. s. A sort of tool with 

which they set the teeth of the saw. Moxon. 
SA'WER, sfiw'-ur. )n. s. One whose trade 

SA'WYER, saw'-yur. 113. \ is to saw timber into 

boarcis or beams. Moxon. 
SA'XIFRAGE, sak'-se-fradje. n. s. [saxifraga, 

Lat j A plant. Quincy. 
SA'XIFRAGE Meadow, n. s. A plant. 
SA'XIFRAGOUS, sak-sif-ra-gus. a. [saxum and 

frago, Lat.] Dissolvent of the stone. Brown. 
SA'XON§*, saks'-un. n. s. [Saxo, Lat. ; Seax, Sax.] 
One of the people who inhabited the northern part 
of Germany, obtained footing in Britain about the 
year 440, and afterwards subdued great part of 
the island. Verstegan. 
SA'XON*, saks'-un. a. Belonging to the Saxons, to 

their country, or to their language. Camden. 
SA'XONISM*, saks'-fui-izm. n. s. An idiom of the 

Saxon language. Warton. 
SA'XONIST*, saks'-fin-ist. n. s. One who is weL 
acquainted with the Saxon language or manner* 
Note in Bp. Nicolson's Ep. Corr. 
806 



SCA 



SCA 



— 116, move, nor, n&t ; — tube, tftb, bflll ;— 6?1 ; — p65nd ; — thin, THis. 



TbSAY$, si. 220. v. a. pret. said, [ra^an, Sax.;! 

. Su. Goth.] To speak; to utter in words; to j 

toll. Spenser. To allege by way of argument. 

Aiterbury. To tell in any manner. Spenser. To 

repeat ; to rehearse : as. to sat/ a part ; to saij a 
lesson. Fair/ax. To pronounce without singing. 
Common Prayer, [for assay.] To try on. 1?. 
Jo; ISO*. 
7V> SAY, sa. u. n. To speak ; to pronounce; to ut- 
ter 1 to relate. 1 Kings. In poetry, say is often 
used before a question ; tell. Milton. 
SAY. sa. n. s. A speech ; what one has to say. L'Es- 
t range, [for assay.] Sample. Sidney. Trial by a 
sample, [soie, Fr.j A thin sort of silk. Spenser, 
[sayrfte, Fr.] A kind of woollen stuff. Bp. Berke- 
ley. 
SA'YlNG, sa'-ing. 410. n. s. [fee^eir, Sax.] Expres- 
sion ; words; opinion senteniiously delivered. Acts. 
SAYSf, sez. Third person of To say. 
SCr This seems to be an incorrigible deviation. 90. W. 
SCAB§. skab. n. s. [yeseb, Sax.; scabbia, Ital. ; 
scabies, Lat.] An incrustation formed over a sore 
by dried matter. Slwk. The itch or mange of 
horses. A paltry fellow, so named from the itch 
often incident to negligent poverty. Sha/cspeare. 
SCA'BBARD, skab'-burd. 418. n.s. [schap, Germ.; 

schabbe, Belg.] The sheath of a sword. Fairfax. 
SCA'BBED, skab'-bed, or skabd. 366. a. Covered 
or diseased with scabs. Bacon. Paltry ; sorry ; 
vile; worthless. Dryden. 
#5* This word, like learned, blessed, and some others, 
when used as an adjective, is always pronounced in two 
syllables, and when a participle, in one. — See Princi- 
ples, No. 362. W. 
SCA'BBEDNESS, skab'-bed-nes. n.s. The state of 

being scabbed. Huloet. 
SCA'BBINESS, skab'-be-nes. n. s. The quality of 

being scabby. Shenvood. 
SCA'BBY, skab'-be. a. Diseased with scabs. Sidney. 
SCA'BIOUS, ska'-be-fis. a. [scabiosus, Lat.] Itchy ; 

leprous. Arbuthnot. 
SCA'BIOUS, ska'-be-fis. n. s. [scabieuse, Fr. ; sea- 
Evelyn. 
ska-bred'-e-te. n. s. [scabredo, 
Lat.] Unevenness ; ru^gedness. Burton. Ob. T. 
SCABROUSS.ska'-brfis. 314. a. [scabreux, Fr. ; 
scaber. Lat.] Rough ; rugged ; pointed on the sur- 
face. Arlndknot. Harsh ; unmusical. B. Jonson. 
SCABROUSNESS, ska'-brfis-nes. n.s. Roughness; 

ruggedness. 
SCABWORT, skab'-w&rt. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. 
SCAD, skad. n.s. A kind offish. Carew. 
SCA'FFOLD §, skaf-fuld. 166. n. s. [eschafani, Fr. ; 
schavot. Teut.] A temporary gallery or stage rais- 
ed either for shows or spectators. Shah. The 
gallery raised for execution of great malefactors. 
Sidney. Frames of timber erected on the side of 
a building for the workmen. Denham. 
To SCA'FFOLD, skaf-ffild. v. a. To furnish with 

frames of timber. 
SCA'FFOLDAGE. skaf-ful-didje. 90. n.s. Gallery; 

hollow floor. Shakspeare. 
SCA'FFOLDING, skaf-f&l-dmg. 410. n. s. Tempo- 
rary frames or stages. Congreve. Building slightly 
erected. Prior. 
SCA'LABLE*, ska'-la-bl. a. That may be scaled 

with a ladder. Bullokar. 

SCALA'DE, ska-lade'. HSee Lumbago.] n. s. 

SCALA'DO, ska-la.'-d6. \ [Fr.; scalada, Span., from 

scala, Lat.] A storm given to a place by raising 

ladders against the walls. Bacon. 

SCA'LARl, skal'-a-re. a. [scala, Lat.] Proceeding 

bv steps like those of a ladder. Broun. 
To SCALDS, skald. 84. v. a. [scaldare, Ital.] To 
burn with hot liquor. Sliak. A provincial phrase 
in husbandry for the sour land they fallow when 
the sun is Pretty high. Mortimer. 
SCALD, skald, n. s. Scurf on the head. Spenser. A 

burn ; a hurt caused by hot liquor. 
SCALD, skald, a. [from scall.] Paltry ; sorry; scur- 
vy. Shakspeare. 
SCALD*, or SCA'LDER*. n. s. [Dan. and Su.] 



biosa, Lat.] A plant 
SCABRE'DITY 



One of the poets of the northern nations. Bp. 
Percy. 

SCA'LDHEAD, skald-hed'. n. s. [skal/adur, Icel.] 
A loathsome disease ; a kind of local leprosy in 
which the head is covered with a continuous scab. 
Floyer. 

SCA'LDICK*. a. Relating to the poets called scalds. 
Warton. 

SCALE $, skale. n. s. [y cale, from fcylan, Sax.] A 
balance; a vessel suspended by a beam against 
another vessel. Shak. The sign Libra in the zo- 
diack. Creech, [skulja, Goth.] The small shells or 
crusts which, lying one over another, make the coals 
of fishes. Drayton. Any thing exfoliated or des- 

Juamated; a thin lamina. Peacham. [scala, Lat.) 
.adder; means of ascent. Milton. The act of 
storming by ladders. Milton. Regular gradation ; 
a regular series rising like a ladder. Milton. A 
figure subdivided by lines like the steps of a lad- 
der, which is used to measure proportions be- 
tween pictures and the thing represented. Graunt. 
The series of harmonick or musical proportions. 
Temple. Any thing marked at equal distances. 
Shakspeare. 

To SCALE, skale. v. a. [scalare, Ital.] To climb as 
by ladders. Spenser, [from scale, a balance.] To 
measure or compare; to weigh. Sliak. [from scale 
of a fish.] To strip of scales ; to take off in a thin 
lamina. Tob. iii. To pare off' a surface. Bacon. 
To spread, as manure, gravel, or other loose ma- 
terials ; a northern expression : also, figuratively, 
to disperse or waste : as, to scale goods, money, or 
any property. 

To SCALE, skale. v. n. To peel off in thin particles. 
Bacon. To separate. Holinshed. 

SCA'LED, skald. 359. a. Squamous; having scales 
like fishes. Shaksjjeare. 

SCA'LELESS*, skale'-les. a. Wanting scales. Cot- 
grave. 

SCALE' NE, ska-lene'. n. s. [Fr. ; scalenum, Lat.] 
[In geometry.] A triangle that has three sides un- 
equal to each other. Bailey. 

SCA'LINESS, ska'-le-nes. n. s. The state of being 
scaly. 

SCALL, skawl. 84. n.s. [f cylan, Sax.] Leprosy j 
morbid baldness. Lev. xiii. 

SCA'LLED*, skawl'-led, or skawld. a. Scurfy 5 
scabby. Chancer. 

SCA'LLION, skal'-yfin. 113. n. s. [scalogna, Ital.] 
A kind of onion. Dyet. 

SCA'LLOPS, skol'-lfip. 166. n.s. [escallop, Fr.] A 
fish with a hollow, pectinated shell. Hudibras. 

$jT This word is irregular ; for it ought to have the a in 
the first syllable like that in tallow ; but the deep 
sound of a is too firmly fixed by custom to afford any 
expectation of a change. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. 
Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith, pronounce the aha 
the manner I have given it, and Mr. Perry, only, as in 
tallow. W. 

To SCA'LLOP. sk&lMfip. v, a. To mark on the edge 

with segments of circles. Gray. 
SCALPS, skalp. n. s. [schelpe, Teut. j scalpo r Ital.} 

The skull ; the cranium ; the bone that encloses the 

brain. Spenser. The integuments of the head. 

Sluikspeare. 
To SCALP, skalp. v. a. To deprive the skull of its 

integuments. Sharp. 
SCA' LP EL, skal'-pel. n. s. [Fr. ; scalpellvm, Lat.] 

An instrument used to scrape a bone bjfe.chirur- 

geons. 
SCA'LY, ska'-le. a. Covered with scales. Milton. 
To SCA'MBLES, skam'-bl. 405. v. n. [skyma, Ice] J 

To be turbulent and rapacious; to scramble; to 

get by struggling with others. Tusser. To shift 

awkwardly. More. 
To SCA'MBLE, skamY-bl. v. a. To mangle j to maul. 

Mortimer. 
SCA'MBLER, skam'-bl-fir. n. s. [Scottish.] A bold 

intruder upon one's generosity or table. Steevcns. 
SCA'MBLIINGLY, skam'-bllng-te. ad. With turbu- 
lence and noise; with intrusive audaciousness. 

Sherwood. 

807 





SCA SCA 


IC? 559.— -Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, pin ;— 



SCAMMONIATE, skam-m6'-ne-ate. 91. a. Made 

with scammony. Wiseman. 
SC ALIMONY < s skam'-m6-ne. n. s. [Lat.; scam- 
mone'e, Fr.] A concreted, resinous juice, light, ten- 
der, friable, of a grayish-brown colour, and disa- 
greeable odour, it flows upon incisions of the root 
of a kind of convolvulus, that grows in many parts 
of Asia. Trevoux. 
To SCA'MPER, skam'-p&r. 98. v. n. [schampen, 
Teut. ; escamper, Fr. ; scainpare, Ital.] To fly with 
speed and trepidation. Addison. 
To SCAN, skar,. »>. a. -[scandre, Fr. ; scando, Lat.] 
To examine a verse by counting the feet. Milton. 
To examine nicely. Milton. 

SCANDAL §, skan'-dal. 88. n. s. [o K dvha\ov, Gr. ; 
scandale, Fr.] Offence given by the faults of others. 
Milton. Reproachful aspersion ; opprobrious cen- 
sure; infamy. Shakspeare. 
To SCANDAL, skan'-dal. r. a. [scandaler, Fr.] To 
treat opprobriously ; to charge falsely with faults. 
Shak. To scandalize ; to offend. Bp. Story. 
To SCANDALIZE, skan'-da-lize. v.a. [™av<5«A(>, 
Gr. ; scandaliser, Fr.] To offend by some action 
supposed criminal. Hooker. To reproach; to dis- 
grace ; to defame. Daniel. 

SCANDALOUS, skin'-da-lSs. 314. a. [scandaleux, 
Fr.] Giving publick offence. Hooker. Opprobri- 
ous ; disgraceful. Shameful ; openly vile. Pope. 

SCANDALOUSLY, skan'-da-lfis-le. ad. Shameful- 
ly; ill to a degree that gives publick offence. Swift. 
Censoriously ; opprobriously. rope. 

SCANDALOUSNESS, skan'-da-lfis-nes. n. s. The 
quality of giving publick offence. 

SCA'NDAL UM MAGNA' TUM*, skan'-da-lum- 
mag-na'-tum. n. s. [Lat.] Scandal or wrong done 
to any high personage of the land, as peers, pre- 
lates, judges, or other great officers; by false or 
slanderous news or tales ; by which any debate or 
discord between them and the commons, or any 
scandal to their persons, might arise. Cliambers. 

SCANSION, skan'-shun. n. s. [scansio, Lat.] The 
act or practice of scanning a verse. Bp. Percy. 

To SCANTY, skant. v. a. [a corruption of thelcel. 
skemta.] To limit ; to straiten. Shakspeare. 

To SCANT*, skant. v. n. To fail : as, The wind 
scants : a naval term ; formerly, scantle. 

SCANT*, skant. n. s. Scarcity. Carew. 

SCANT, skant. a. Not plentiful ; scarce ; less than 
what is proper or competent. Bacon. Wary ; not 
liberal ; parsimonious. Shakspeare. 

SCANT, skant. ad. Scarcely ; hardly. Camden. 

SCANTILY, skan'-te-le. ad. Narrowly; not plenti- 
fully. Sparingly ; niggardly. Shakspea7-e. 

SCANTINESS, skan'-te-nes. n. s. Narrowness; 
want of space ; want of compass. Dryden. Want 
of amplitude or greatness; want of liberality. South. 

To SCANTLE*, skan'-tl. v. n. To be deficient ; to 
fall. Drayton. 

To SC ANTLER, skan'-tl. v.a. [eschanteler, Fr.; 
schiantare, Ital.] To divide into little pieces; to J 
shiver. Ld. Chesterfield. 

SCANTLET, skant'-let. n. s. [corrupted from scant- \ 
ling.] A small pattern ; a small quantity ; a little | 
piece. Hale. 

SCANTLING, skant'-llng. 410. n. s. [eschanlillon, 
Fr.] A quantity cut for a particular purpose. L'Es- 
trange. A certain proportion. Shak. A small 
quantity. Bp. Taylor. 

SCANTLING*, skant'-llng. a. Not plentiful; small. 
Shenstone. 

SCANTLY, skant'-le. ad. Scarcely ; hardly. Cam- 
den. Narrowly ; penuriously ; without amplitude. ; 
Dryden. \ 

SCANTNESS, skant'-nes. n.s. Narrowness; mean-i 
ness ; smallness. Hayicard. 

SCANTY, skan'-te. a. Narrow; small; wanting; 
amplitude ; short of quantity sufficient. Locke. \ 
Small ; poor ; not copious ; not ample. Locke. 
Sparing; niggardly; parsimonious. Watts. 

To SCAPE §, skape. v. a. [contracted from escape.] 
To escape ; to miss ; to avoid ; to shun ; not to 
incur ; to fly. Shakspeare. 



To SCAPE, skape. v. n. To get away from hurt or 

danger. Dryden. 
SCAPE, skape. n. s. Escape ; flight from hurt or 
danger; accident of safety. Sliak. Means of 
escape ; evasion. Donne. Negligent freak ; devia- 
tion from regularity. Sliak. Loose act cf vice or 
lewdness. Shakspeare. 
SCAPE-GOAT*, n. s. The goat set at liberty by 
the Jews on the day of solemn expiation. Lev. xvi. 
SCA'PEMENT* skape'-ment. n.s. [In clockwork.] 
A general term for the manner of communicating 
the impulse of the wheels to the pendulum. Cham- 
bers. 
SCAPULA, skap'-u-la. 92. n. s. [Lat.] The shoul- 
der-blade. Wiseman. 
SCA'PULAR, skap'-u-lar. )a. [scapulaire, Fr.] 
SCATULARY, skap'-i-la-re. ^ Relating or belong- 
ing to the shoulders. Wiseman. 
SCATULARY*, skap'-u-la-re. n. s. [ycapulape, 
Sax.] Part of the habit of a friar, consisting of two 
narrow slips of cloth covering the back and the 
breast. Chaucer. 
SCAR§, skar. 78*. n.s. [la^dpa, Gr.; scipan,Sax.] A 
mark made by a hurt or fire ; a cicatrix. Arbulh- 
not. A cliff of a rock, or a naked rock on the dry 
land. Gower. 
To SCAR, skar. v. a. To mark as with a sore or 

wound. Shakspeare. 
SCA'RAB, skar'-ab. ) n. s. [scarabee, Fr. ; 

SCA'RABEE* skar'-a-be. $ scarabceus, Lat.] A 

beetle ; an insect with sheathed wings. Derlmm. 
SCA'RAMOUCH, skar'-a-mdutsh. n. s. [scaramuc- 
chia, Ital. ; escaram-ouclie, Fr.] A buffoon in motley 
dress. Dryden. 
SCARCE §, skarse. a. [scarso, Ital.] Parsimonious; 
not liberal; stingy'. Chaucer. Not plentiful; not 
copious. Locke. Rare ; not common. Addison. 
SCARCE, skarse. ; ad. Hardly; scantly. 

SCARCELY, skarse'-le. $ Hooker. With diffi- 
culty. Dryden. 
SCARCENESS, skarse'-nes. ; n. s. Smallness of 
SCARCITY, skar'-se : te. 511. \ quantity; not plen- 
ty ; penury. Deut. viii. Rareness ; infrequency. 
Hooker. 
SCARD*, skard. n. s. [ r ceanb, Sax.] Used for 

shard : a fragment of any brittle substance. 
To SCARES, skare. v. a. [scorare, Ital.; skiar, 
Icel.] To fright ; to frighten ; to affright ; to terrify ; 
to strike with sudden fear. Shakspeare. 
SCARECROW, skare'-kro. n. s. [scare and crow.] 
An image or clapper set up to fright birds; thence 
any vain terrour. Spenser. A bird of the sea-gull 
kind ; the black gull. Pennant. 
SCA'REFIRE, skare'-flre. n. s. A fright by fire ; a 

fire breaking out so as to raise terrour. Holder. 
SCARF $, skarf. n.s. [rxeapp, Sax.] Any thing that . 

hangs loose upon the shoulders or dress. Shak. 
To SCARF, skarf. v. a. To throw loosely on. Shak. 
To dress in any loose vesture. Shak. [skarf wa, 
Swed.] To piece ^ to unite two pieces of timber 
together, in a particular way, by the extremities. 
SCA'RFSKIN, skarf-skin. n. s. The cuticle; the 
epidermis ; the outer scaly integuments of the body. 
Cheyne. 
SCARIFICATION, skar-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [scari- 
ficatio, Lat.] Incision of the skin with a lancet, or 
such like instrument. It is most practised in cup- 
ping. Quincv. 
SCARIFICATOR, skar-e-fe-ka'-tfir. n.s. One who 
scarifies. Cotgrave. An instrument with which 
scarifications are made. 
SCA'RIFIER, skar'-re-fl-ur. 98. n. s. One who scar- 
ifies. The instrument with which scarifications 
are made. 
To SCARIFY $, skar'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [scarifico. 
Lat. ; scarifier, Fr.] To let blood by incisions of the 
skin, commonly after the application of cupping- 
glasses. Wiseman. 
SCA'RLET$, skar'-let. 99. n. s. [escarlate, Fr • 
scarlato, Ital. ; yxquerlat, Arab.] A colour com 
pounded of red and yellow ; cloth dyed with a 
scarlet colour. Shakspeare. 






SCE 



SCH 



-no-, movej i&r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pound; — thin, THis. 



9CA RLET, Mr'-I?t. a. Of ihe colour of scarlet; 

rod tinged with yellow. Shakspeare. 
SCA'RLETBEAN, skarMet-b&n. n. s. A plant. 

Mortimer. 

SCA RLETOAK, skar-let^ke'. n. *. The ilex. A 
species of oak. 

SOARMAGE. )n. s. Skirmish; which see. Spen- 

SCA'RMOGE. \ ser. 

SCARN*, skarn. n. s. [ r ceap.n, Sax.; skarn, Su. 
Goth.] Cow-dung-. Ray. 

SCARN-BEE*, skarn'-be. n.s. A heetle. Ray. 

SCARP, skarp. n. s. [escarpe, Fr.] The slope on that 
side of a ditch which is next to a fortified place, 
and looks towards the fields. Did. 

SCA'RUS* ska'-r&s. n. s. [Lai.] A sea-fish. Bp. 

^ Taylor. 

SCA'RY* ska'-re. n. s. Used in some places for 
barren land, which has a poor or thin coat of grass 
upon it. 

SCATCH, skatsh. n, s. [escacJie, Fr.] A kind of horse- 
bit for bridles. Baiiev. 

SCA'TCHES. skatsh'-ez. n. s. [chasses, Fr.] Stilts to 
put the feet in to walk in dirty places. Bailey. 

SC ATE §, skate, n.s. [schaetse, Tent.] A kind of 
wooden shoe, with a steel plate underneath, on 
which they slide over the ice. Thomson. 

To SCATE. skate, v. n. To slide on scates. 

SCATE, skate, n.s. [skata, Ice\. ; fceabba, Sax.] 
A fish of the species of thornback. Drayton. 

SCATE BROUS, skat'-te-brus. a. {scatebrcc, Lat.] 
Abounding with springs. Diet. 

To SCATH §, ska//*, [skkhe, Sheridan.] v. a. [ r ca3- 
ian, fcseSan, Sax.] To waste; to damage; to de- 
stroy. Milton. 

SCATH, skatfi. n. s. [r;caSe, Sax.] Waste; damage; 
mischief; depopulation. Spenser. 

SCA'THFUL, ska^'-ful. a. Mischievous; destruc- 
tive. Sliakspeare. 

SCA'THLESS* skatft'-les. a. Without harm or 
damage. Chancer. 

To SCA'TTER§, skat'-tfir. 98. v. 'a. [rcafcenan, 
Sax.] To throw loosely about; to sprinkle. Prior. 
To dissipate; to disperse. Prov. xx. To spread thin- 
ly. Dry den. To besprinkle with something loose- 
lv spread. Milton. 

To SCATTER, skat'-tur. v.n. To be dissipated; 
to be dispersed. Bacon. 

SCA'TTEREDLY*, skat'-tttr-Sd-le. ad. Dispersed- 
lv ; separatelv. Clarke. 

SCATTERING*, skat'-tur-ing. n. s. Act of dis- 
persing or distributing; that which is dispersed. 
More. 

SCA'TTERINGLY, skat'-tur-Ing-le. ad. Loosely; 
d spersedlv. Abbot. 

SCATTERLING, skat'-tur-l?ng. n.s. A vagabond ; 
one that has no home or settled habitation. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

SCATC RIENT, ska-tu'-re-gnt. a. [scaluriens, Lat.] 
Springing as a fountain. Diet. 

SCATURI'GINOUS, ska-tu-rld'-jln-us. a. [scaturi- 
eo, Lat.] Full of springs or fountains. Diet. 

SCAVENGER, skav'-?n-jur. 98. n. s. [ r capan, 
Sax.] A petty magistrate, whose province is to 
keep the streets clean : more commonly the labour- 
er emploved in removing filth. South. 

SCE L ERA T, sel'-e-rat. n. s. [Fr. ; sceleratus, Lat.] 
A villain ; a wicked wretch. Cheyne. 

SCE NARY, seen'-er-e. n. s. [from scene. Scenery 
is 'he word established by custom. Todd.] The ap- 
pearances of place or things. Addison. The rep- 
resentation of the place in which an action is per- 
formed. Pope. The disoosition and consecution 
of the scenes of a play. Dryden. 

SCENE §, seen. n. s. [scene, Fr. ; scena, Lat.; vKrjvri, 
Gr.] The stage ; the theatre of dramatick poetry. 
The general appearance of any action ; the whole 
contexture of objects ; a display; a series; a regu- 
lar disposition. MiUon. Part of a play. Shak. So 
much of an act of a play as passes between the 
same persons in the same place. Dryden. The 
place represented by the stage. SJiak. The hang- 
ing of the theatre adapted to the plav. Bacon. 
102 



SCE'NERY*, seen'-eV-e. n. s. See Scenary. This 
is the usual word. Gilpin. 

SCE'NICAL*.seV-e-kal. )a. [sceniens, Lat.; se- 

SCE'NICK, sen'-nik. S »*7"e, Fr.] Dramatick; 
theatrical. B. Jonson. 

§CT From the general tendency of the antepenultimate 
accent to shorten the vowel, and the particular propen- 
sity to contract every vowel but u before the termina- 
tion in ical, we find those in ick, which may be looked 
upon as abbreviations of the other, preserve the same 
shortening power with respect to the vowels which pre- 
cede : and, though the word in question might plead the 
long sound of the e in the Latin scenicus, yet, if this 
plea were admitted, we ought, for the same reasons, to 
alter the sound of o in comick ; nor should we know 
where to stop. As a plain analogy, therefoie, is formed 
by epick topick, tropick, tcnick, &c, it would be ab- 
surd to break in upon it, under pretence of conforming 
to Latin quantity : as this would disturb our most 
settled usages, and quite unhinge the language. — See 
Principles, No. 544. TV. 

SCENOGRA PHICAL, sen-6-graf-fe-kal. a. [ck V - 
vti and ypd(b(ji'.\ Drawn in perspective. 

SCENQGRA/PHICALLY, sen-6-graf-fe-kal-e. ad. 
In perspective. Mortimer. 

SCENO'GRAPHY, se-nog'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. [o-ktjv?! 
and ypdcpo).'] The art of perspective. Representa- 
tion in perspective. Greenhill. 

SCENT §, sent. n. s. [sentir, Fr.; sentio, Lat.] The 
power of smelling; the smell. Watts. The object 
of smell ; odour, good or bad. Bacon. Chase fol- 
lowed by the smell. Temple. 

To SCENT, s£nt. v. a. To smell ; to perceive by the 
nose. Milton. To perfume ; or to imbue with 
odour, ofood or bad. Dryden. 

SCE'NTFUL*, s^nf-ful. a. Odorous ; yielding much 
smell. Drayton. Quick of smell. Brown. 

SCE'NTLESS, senf-lgs. a. Inodorous; having no 
smell. 

SCETTICK, sep'-tfk- n - s - See Skeptick. 

SCETTRE§, sep'-tfir. 416. n.s. [sceptmm, Lat.; 
sceptre, Fr.] The ensign of royalty borne in the hand. 
Clarendon.. 

To SCETTRE*, seV-tur. v. a. To invest with the 
ensign of royalty. Bp. Hall. 

SCEPTRED, sep'-t&rd. 359. a. Bearing a sceptre. 
Milton.. Denoting something regal. Milton. 

SCHEDIASMt, ske'-de-azm. n, s. [axeSiaapa.] 
Cursory writing on a loose sheet. 

2^F* This word is not in Johnson, but, from its utility, is 
certainly worthy of a niche in all our other dictionaries 
as well as Ash's, where it is to be found. The Latins 
have their schediasma, the French have their feuille 
volants, and why should not the English have their 
schediasm, to express what is written in an extempora- 
ry way on a loose sheet of paper, without the formality 
of composition ? W. 

SCHE'DULE, sSd'-jule, or sked'-jule. [sed'-ule, 
Jones, Fulton and KniglU.] n. s. [schedula, Lat. ; 
schedule, Fr.] A small scroll. Hooker. A writing 
additional or appendant. Donne. A little invento- 
ry. Sliakspeare. " 

OCT" Tn the pronunciation of this word we seem to de- 
part both from the Latin schedula and the French sche- 
dule. If we follow the first., we ought to pronounce the 
word shedule, 353 ; if the last, shedule ; but entirely 
sinking the ch in schedule seems to be the prevailing 
mode, and too firmly fixed by custom to be altered in 
favour of either of its original words. Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr, Perry, and Buchanan, pronounce it shedule; but 
Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, 
Barclay, Fenning,and Shaw, sedule : though, if we may 
believe Dr. Jones, it was pronounced skedule in Queen 
Anne's time. TV. 

SCHE'MATISM, ske'-ma-tlzm. n. s. [axwanaph.] 
Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies. 
Particular form or disposition of a thing. Creech. 

SCHE'MATIST. ske'-ma-tlst. n.s. A projector; 

one given to forming schemes. Fleetwood. 
.SCHEME §, skeme. 353. n. s. [cxwa.] A plan ; a 
combination of various things into one view, de- 
sign, or purpose ; a system. Locke. A project ; a 
contrivance ; a design. Rowe. A representation 
of the aspects of the celestial bodies ; any lineal or 
mathematical diagram. Brown. 
809 



SCH SCI 




H? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat}— me, met}— pine, pin;— 





Tn SCHEME*, skeme. v. a. To plan. Stuart. 

To SCHEME*, skeme. v.n. To contrive; to form 
or design. Johnson. 

SCHE'MER, ske'-mur. 98. n. s. A projector; a con- 
triver. 

SCHE'MIST*, ske'-mfet. n. s. A projector; a sche- 
matise Coventry. 

SCHESIS, ske'-s?s.«.s. [> x «rj$.] A habitude; state 
of any thing- with respect to other things. Nan-is. 

SCHFRRHUS. See Scirrhus. 

SCHISM §, sizm. n.s. [schisme, Fr. ; cxicpa, Gr.l 
A separation or division in the church of God. 
King Charles. 

$5= The common pronunciation of this word is contra- 
ry to every rule for pronouncing words from the learn 
ed languages, and ought to be altered.' C/i in English 
words, coming from Greek words with ^, ought always 
to be pronounced like k ; and I believe the word in j 
question is almost the only exception throughout the ! 
language. However strange, therefore, skizm may 
sound, it is the only true and analogical pronunciation ; 
and we might as well pronounce scheme, seine, as schism 
sizm, there being exactly the same reason for both. 
But, when once a false pronunciation is fixed, as this is, 
it requires some daring spirit to begin the reformation: 
but, when once begun, as it has, what seldom happens, 
truth, novelty, and the appearance of Greek erudition 
on its side, there is no doubt of its success. Whatever, 
therefore, may be the fate of its pronunciation, it ought 
still to retain its spelling. This must be held sacred, 
or the whole language will be metamorphosed : for the 
very same reason that induced Dr. Johnson to spell 
sr.eptick skeptick, ought to have made him spell schism 
sizm, and schedule sedule. All our orthoepists pro- 
nounce the word as I have marked it. W. 

SCHISM A'TICAL, siz-mat'-te-kal. a. Implying 
schism; practising schism.' King Charles. 

SCHEMATICALLY, slz-maF-te-kal-e. ad. In a 
schismatical manner. Act for tlie Uniformity of 
Piihlick Prayer. 

SCHTSMA'TIC ALNESS*, siz-mat'-te-kal-ne^s. n. s. 
State of being- schismatical. More. 

SCHFSMATICK, s?z'-ma-tik. J>?z'-ma-tfk, SJier- 
ridan, Jones, Fulton and Knight : siz-maF-lk, 
Perry.'] n. s. One who separates from the true 
church. Bacon. 

SCHFSMATICK*, sfz'-ma-tlk. a. \schismatique, Fr.] 
Practising schism. Bale. 

To SCHEMATIZE, siz'-ma-tlze. v.n. [schismatiser, 
Fr.] To commit the crime of schism; to make a 
breach in the communion of the church. Cotgrave. 

SCHI'SMLESS*, sizm'-les. a. Not affected by 
schism ; without schism. Milton. 

SCHOLAR?, skfti'-lur. 88, 353. n. s. [scholans, 
Lat. ; fcolepe, Sax.] One who learns of a mas- 
ter; a disciple. Hooker. A man of letters. Wil- 
kins. A pedant ; a man of books. Bacon. One 
who has a lettered education. SJutk. One who 
in our English universities belongs to the founda- 
tion of a college, and who has a portion of its rev- 
enues. Warton. 

SCHOLA'RITY*, sk6-lar / -e-te. n. s. [sclwlarite, 
Fr.] Scholarship. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

SCRO'LARLIKE*, sk&l'-lfir-llke. a. Becoming a 
scholar ; like a scholar. Bacon. 

SCHOLARSHIP, sk6F-lur-sh?p. n. s. Learning; 
literature ; knowledge. Sir T. Bodley. Literary 
education. Milton. Exhibition or maintenance for 
a scholar. Warton. 

SCHOLA'STICAL, sk6-las'-te-kal. a. [scholastkus, 
Lat.] Belonging to a scholar or school ; scholar- 
like. Bar-true. Suitable to the school, or form of 
theology so called. Bp. Cosins. 

SCHOLASTIC ALLY, sko-las'-te-kal-e. ad. Ac- 
cording to the niceties or method of the schools. 
Smth. 

SCHOLASTICISM*, sko-las'-te-s?zm. n. s. The 
method or niceties of the schools. Dr. Warton. 

SCHOLA'STICK, skc-las'-tik. a. [schola, Lat. ; 
scholastique, Fr.] Pertaining to the school ; prac- 
tised in schools. Digby. Befitting to the school ; 
suitable to the school ; pedantick ; needlessly sub- 
tle. Hooker. 

SCHOLA'STICK*, sko-las'-tik. n. s. One who ad- 






heres to the niceties or method of the schools. Mil 
ton. 

SCHO'LIAST, sk6Me-ast. 353. n. s. [scholiastes, 
Lat.] A writer of explanatory notes. Dryden. 

SCHOLIA'STICK*, sk6-le-asMIk. a. Pertaining to 
a scholiast. Swift. 

To SCHO'LIAZE*, sk6Me-aze. v. n. To write 
notes. Milton. 

SCHO'LICAL*, skoF-e-kal.a. [scJwlicus, Lat.] Scho- 
lastick. Hales. Ob. T. 

SC HO 1 LION, sk6Me-6n. )n. s. [Lat.] A note; 

SCHOLIUM, sk6'-le-um. \ an explanatory ob- 
servation. Watts. 

SCHO'LY, sk6'-le. n. s. [scholie, Fr. ; scholium, Lat.] 
An explanatory note. Hooker. Not used. 

To SCHO'LY, sk6'-le. v. n. To write expositions. 
Hooker. Not used. 

SCHOOL §, sk66l. 353. n. s. [schola, Lat. ; r cole, 
Sax.; schule, Germ.; schole, Teut.] A house of 
discipline and instruction. Dryden. A place of 
literary education ; a university. Digby. A state 
of instruction. Dryden. System of doctrine as de- 
livered by particular teachers. Davies. The age 
of the church and form of theology succeeding that 
of the fathers : so called, because this mode of treat- 
ing religion arose from the use of academical dis 
pu lat ions. Sanderson. 

To SCHOOL, sk66l. v. a. To instruct ; to train 
Spenser. To teach with superiority ; to tutor. Bp. 
Hall. 

SCHOOLBOY, sk66F-b6e. n. s. A boy that is in 
his rudiments at school. Shakspeare. 

SCHOOLDAME*, sk66F-dame. n. s. [scliool and 
da?ne.] A schoolmistress. Echard. 

SCHO OLDAY, sk66F-da. n. s. Age in which youth 
is sent to scnool. Sluikspeare. 

SCHOOLERY*, sko6F-er-e. n. s. Precepts. Spen- 
ser. Ob. T. 

SCHOOLFELLOW, skd6F-fSl-l6. n. s. One bred 
at the same school. Locke. 

SCHO OLHOUSE, sk6SF-hduse. n. s. House of dis- 
cipline and instruction. Spenser. 

SCHOOLING*, sk6(M'-ing. n.s. Instruction; learn- 
ing at school. School-hire; stipend paid to a 
schoolmaster for instruction. Shenoood. A lec- 
ture; a sort of reprimand. Shakspeare. 

SCHOOLMAID*, sk66F-made. n. s. A girl at 
school. Shakspeare. 

SCHOOLMAN, skooF-man. 88. n. s. One versed 
in the niceties and subtilties of academical dispu- 
tation. Bacon. A writer of scholastick divinity or 
philosophy. Bacon. 

SCHOOLMASTER, sk66F-ma-stur. n. s. One who 
presides and teaches in a school. Shakspeare. 

SCHOOLMISTRESS, skoSF-mis-trk n. s. A wo- 
man who governs a school. Dryden. 

SCHOONER*, skoon'-ur. n. s. [schuner, Germ.] 
A small vessel with two masts. 

SCHREIGHT, skrel. n. s. A fish. Ainsworth. 

SCIAGRAPHY, sl-ag'-ra-fe. n. s. [sciagraphie, 
Fr. ; (jKiaypa<pia.~\ Art of sketching. Fuller. [In 
architecture.] The profile or section of a building / 
to show the inside thereof. Bailey. [In astronomy.] 
The art of finding the hour of the day or night 
by the shadow of the sun, moon, or stars. Bailey. 

SCIATHE RICAL, sl-a-tfier'-e-kal. )a. [cKiaQw 

SCIATHE'RICK, si-a-^er'-ik. $ ko S .] Be- 

longing to a sun-dial. Brown. 

SCIATHE'RICALLY*, sl-a-tfier'-e-kal-le. ad. Af 
ter the manner of a sun-dial. Gregory. 

SCLVTICA$, sl-at'-te-ka. £ 509. n.s. [sciitique, Fr. ; 

SCLVTICK $, sl-aF-tik. $ ischiadwa passio, Lat.] 
The hip gout. Sliakspeare. 

SCIA'TICAL, sl-at'-te-kal. a. AfHictii.-g the hip. 
Arbuthnot. 

SCFENCE §, sF-ense. n.s. [Fr. j scienlia, Lat.] Knowl- 
edge. Hammond. Certainty grounded on demon- 
stration. Berkeley. Art attained by precepts, or 
built on principles. Dryden. Any art or species 
of knowledge. Hooker. One of the seven liberal 
arts, grammar, rhetorick, logic*, arithmetick, mu- 
sick, geometry, astronomy. Pope. 
810 



SCI 



SCO 



—no, move, ndr, n&t;— tube, tftb, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— thin, this. 



SCFENT*, sl'-ent. a. [sciens, Lat.] Skilful. Cock- 
eram. Ob. T. 

SCIE NTIAL, sl-en'-shal. a. Producing- science. B. 
Jonscm. 

SCIENTIFICAL, sl-Sn-tif-fe-kal. ) a. [scientitique. 

SCIENTFFICK, sl-en-tif'-fik. \ Fr. ; scientia 
and/ticj'o, Lat.] Producing- demonstrative knowl- 
edge ; producing certainty. Brown. 

SCIENTIFICALLY, sl-en-tiP-le-kal-e. ad. In such 
a manner as to produce knowledge. Locke. 

SCI'MLTAR, sim'-me-tfir. 88. n. s. [See Cimeter.] 
A short sword with a convex edge. Sha/cspeare. 

SC1NK, sink. n. s. A cast calf, commonly called 
slink. 

SCINTI'LLANT*, sln-til'-lant. a. [scintillans, Lat.] 
Sparkling: emitting sparks. Green. 

To SCINTILLATE fr, sin' -til-late, v.n. [scintilla, 
Lat.] To sparkle ; to emit sparks. Cockeram. 

SCINTILLATION, sin-til-la'-shun. n. s. The act 
of sparkling; sparks emitted. Brown. 

SCFOLISM*. sl'-6-lizm. n. s. [sciolns, Lat.] Super- 
ficial knowledge; not sound knowledge. Brit. 
Crit. xi. 

SCI'OLIST, sl / -6-l?st. n. s. One who knows many 
things superficially. Glanville. 

SCI'OLOUS, sP-o-lus. a. Superficially or imperfect- 
ly knowing. Howell. 

SCIO MACHY, sl-dm'-ma-ke. [See Monomachy.] 
[sl-6ni'-ma-ke, Perry, Jones, Fulton and Kniglii ; 
skl-om'-ma-ke, Slieridan.] n. s. [schiamachie, Fr. ; 
oicia and ua%ri, Gr.] Battle with a shadow, proper- 
ly sciamachy. Cowley. 

#2r Mr. Nares questions whether the c should not be 
pronounced hard in this word, (or, as it ought rather to 
be, schiamachy ;) and if so, he says, ought we not to 
write skiamachy, for the same reason as skeptick ? I 
answer, Exactly. — See Scirrhus and Skeptick. • TV. 

SCFON, sl'-fin. 166. n. s. [Fr.] A small twig taken 
from one tree to be engrafted into another. Mor- 
timer. 

SCIRE FA'CIAS, sl-re-fiV-shas. n. s. [Lat.] A 
writ judicial, in law, most commonly to call a 
man to show cause unto the court whence it is 
sent, why execution of judgement passed should not 
be made. Cowel. 

SCIRRHO'SITY, skir-ros'-se-te. n.s. An indura- 
tion of the glands. Arbuthnot. 

SCrRRHOUSS, skir'-rus. 314. a. Having a gland 
indurated. Wiseman. 

SCI'RRHUS, skir'-rus. 109. n.s. [schin-e, Fr. : gkC 9 - 
poi, Gr.] An indurated gland. Wiseman. 

$3= This word is sometimes, but improperly, written 
schirrus, with the h in the first syllable instead of the 
last ; and Bailey and Fenning have given us two aspi- 
rations, and spelt it schirrhus ; both of which modes 
of spelling the word are contrary to the general analo- 
gy of orthography ; for, as the word comes from the 
Greek a-Kip'pog, the latter r only can have the aspiration, 
as the first of these double letters has always the spirit- 
us lenis .• and the c, in the first syllable, arising from the 
Greek K, and not the %, no more reason can be given for 
placing the h after it, by spelling it schirrus, than there 
is for spelling scene, from aK7]vrj, schene ; or sceptre, 
from oicriiTTpov, scheptrc. The most correct Latin or- 
thography confirms this opinion, by spelling the word 
in question scirrhus ; and, according to the most settled 
analogy of our own language, and the constant method 
of pronouncing words from the Greek and Latin, the c 
ought to be soft before the i in this word, and the first 
syllable should be pronounced like the first of syr-inge, 
Sir-i-us, Sec. 

Whatever might have been the occasion of the false or- 
thography of this word, its false pronunciation seems 
fixed beyond recovery : and Dr. Johnson tells us it 
ought to be written skirrhus, not merely because it 
comes from (TKip'pog, but because c in English has be- 
fore e and i the- sound of s. Dr. Johnson is the last 
man that I should have suspected of giving this advice. 
What 1 because a false orthography has obtained, and 
z false pronunciation in consequence of it, must both 
these errours be confirmed by a still grosser departure 
from analogy ? A little reflection on the consequences 
of so pernicious a practice would, I doubt not, have 
made Dr. Johnson retract his advice. While a true or- 
thography remains, there is some hope that a false pro- 



nunciation may be reclaimed ; but, when once the or- 
thography is altered, pronunciation is incorrigible ; and 
we must bow to the tyrant, however false may be bis 
title. — See Principles, No. 350. 
Mr. Sheridan pronounces this word skirrous ; Mr. Scottj 
Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, have omitted it ; neither 
Dr. Ken rick nor Buchanan takes any notice of the sound 
of c, and, according to them, it might be pronounced s ; 
but Barclay writes it to be pronounced skirrus. W. 

SCISCITA'TION* sis-se-uV-shun. n.s. \sciscitatus, 
Lat.l Inquiry. Bp. Hall. 

SCFSSIBLE$, stV-se-bl. a. [scissus, Lat.] Capable 
of being divided smoothly by a sharp edge. Bacon. 

SCI'SSILE, sis'-sil. 140. a. [Fr.; scissilis, Lat.] Ca- 
pable of being cut or divided smoothly by a sharp 
edge. Arbuthnot.- 

SCI'SSION, sizh'-un. [See Abscission.] n.s. [Fr.; 
scissio, Lat.] The act of cutting. Wisenwm. 

SCI'SSOR, siz'-zur. n.s. [This word is variously 
written, as it is supposed to be derived by different 
writers ; of whom some write cisors, from caedo, or 
incido ; others scissors, from scindo ; and some 
cisars, cizars, or scissars, from ciseaux, Fr.] A small 
pair of shears, or blades, movable on a pivot, and 
intercepting the thing to be cut. Shakspeare. 

SCI'SSTJRE,sizh / -ure. n.s. [scissut-a, Lat.] A crack; 
a rent ; a fissure. Hammond. 

SCLAVO'NIAN*, skla-v^-ne-an. )a. Relating to 

SCLAVONICS, skla-von'-ik. $ the language or 
manners of the Sclavi, or people of Sclavonia. 
Moscow. 

SCLERO'TICK §, skle-rdt'-ik. a. [sclerotiqw, Fr. ; 
vic\rjpos, Gr.] Hard : an epithet of one of the coats 
of the eye. Ray. 

SCLEROTICKS, skle-iot'-iks.rc. s. Medicines which 
harden and consolidate the parts they are applied 
to. Quincy. 

To SCOAT, sk6te. > v. a. To stop a wheel by 

To SCOTCH, skotsh. $ putting a stone or piece 
of wood under it before. Bailey. 

SCOBS*, skobs. n. s. [Lat.] Raspings of ivory, 
hartshorn, or other hard substances ; scoriae of 
metals; potashes. Chambers. 

To SCOFF §, skof. v.ti. [schoppen, Teut.] To treat 
with insolent ridicule ; to treat with contumelious 
language. Bacon. 

To SCOFF*, skof. v. a. To jeer ; to treat with scoffs. 
Fotherby. 

SCOFF, skof. 170. 7i. s. Contemptuous ridicule ; ex- 
pression of scorn; contumelious language. Hooker. 

SCO'FFER, sk&f-ffir. 98. n.s. Insolent ridiculer ; 
saucy scorner ; contumelious reproacher. Shak. 

SCO'FFINGLY, sk6f-fing-le. ad. In contempt; in 
ridicule. Broome. 

To r SCOLD $, sk6ld. [See Mould.] v. n. [schelden, 
Teut.] To quarrel clamorously and rudely. Sliak. 

To SCOLD*, skold. v. a. To rate. Hoivetl. 

SCOLD, skold. n. s. A clamorous, rude, mean, low, 
foul-mouthed woman. Addison. 

SCO'LDER*, skold'-ur. n.s. One who scolds or rails. 
Ahp. Cranmer. 

SCOLDING*, skold'-ing. n.s. Clamorous, rude 
language. South. 

SCO'LDINGLY*, skild'-ing-le. ad. With rude 
clamour, like a scold. Huloet. 

SCOLLOP, sk^-lup. 106. n.s. [properly scallop.] 
A pectinated shell-fish. 

SCOLOPE'NDRA, sk6l-6-pen'-dra. n. s. [scolopen- 
dre, Fr. ; ct:o\6nev5pa, Gr.] A sort of venomous ser- 
pent. Bryant, [scolopendrium, Lat.] An herb. 
Ainsworth. 

SCOMM, skom. n. s. [perhaps from scornma, Lat.] A 
buffoon. V Estrange. A mock; a flout; a jeer. 
Fotherby. Ob. J. 

SCONCE §, skonse. n. s. [schantse, Teut. ; skansa, 
Su. Goth.] A fort ; a bulwark. Fanshawe. The 
head : pernaps as being the acropolis, or citadel of 
the body. Shak. A pensile candlestick, generally 
with a looking-glass to reflect the light. Dryden. 
A fixed seat, or shelf: so used in the north of Eng- 
land. A mulct, or fine. 

To SCONCE, sk6nse. v. a. [from sconce, the head.] 
To mulct ; to fine. Warton. 
811 



SCO 



SCO 



U 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, m3t;— pine, pin: 



[oxwrri/cdj.] Scof- 
[scopulosus, Lat.] 
f. [scorbutus, Lat.] 



a. Diseased 
with the scur- 



SCOOP $, skoop. 306. n. s. [schoepe, Teut.] A kind 
of large ladle ; a vessel with a long handle used to 
throw out liquor. Mortimer. A chirurgeon's in- 
strument. Sltarp. A sweep ; a stroke. Sluikspeare. 

To SCOOP, sk66p. v. a. [schoepen, Teut.] To lade 
out. Milton. To empty by lading. Beaum. and Fl. 
To carry oft' so as to leave the place hollow. Spec- 
tator. To cut into hollowness or depth. Addison. 

SCO'OPER, skofip'-ftr. 98. n. s. One who scoops. 

SCOPE, skope. n.s. [scopus, Lat.] Aim; intention ; 
drift. Sluik. Thing aimed at ; mark ; final end. 
Hooker. Room; space; amplitude of intellectual 
view. Dryden. Liberty; freedom from restraint. 
Hooker. ' Liberty beyond just limits ; license. 
Slutk. Act of not; sally. Shak. Extended quan- 
tity. Davies. 

To SCOTPET*, sk&p'-pgt. v. a. [from scoop.] To 
lade out. Bp. Hall. 

SCOTTICAL*, sk&p'-te-kal. 
fing. Hammond. 

SCO'PULOUS, sk&p'-u-l&s. 
Full of rocks. Diet. 

SCO'RBUTE§* skSi-z-bule. 
The scurvy. Purchas. Ob. 

SCORBU'TICAL, sk5r-bu'-te-kal 

SCORBU'TICK, sk5r-bu/-rfk. 509 
vy. Wiseman. 

SCORBU TICALLY, sk&r-bu'-te-kal-le. ad. With 
tendency to the scurvy ; in the scurvy. Wiseman. 

SCORCE, sk&rse. n. s. Exchange. Spenser. See 
Scorse. 

To SCORCH §, sk6rtsh. 352. v. a. freopeneb, Sax.] 
To burn superficially. Bacon. To burn. Rev. xvi. 

To SCORCH, sk&rtsh. v. n. To be burnt superficial- 
ly ; to be dried up. Roscommon. 

SCOTCHING Fennel, n.s. A plant. 

SCO'RDIUM, skoV-de-fim, or skcV-je-um. 293, 
294, 376. n. s. [Lat.] An herb. Ainsworth. 

SCORES, skore. n.s. [skora, Icel. ; pcipan, Sax.] 
A notch or long incision. Shak. A line drawn. 
An account, which, when writing was less common, 
was kept by marks on tallies, or by lines of chalk. 
Sliak. Account kept of something past ; an epoch ; 
an era. Tillotson. Debt imputed. Shak. Reason ; 
motive. Collier. Sake ; account ; relative motive. 
Dryden. []*cop, Sax.] Twenty ; perhaps because 
twenty, being a round number, was distinguished 
on tallies by a long^ score. Sliafc. — A song or air 
in score. The words with the musical notes of a 
song annexed. Mus. Diet. 

To SCORE, skore. v. a. To mark; to cut; to en- 
grave. Spenser. To mark by a line. Sandys. To 
set down as a debt. Swift. To impute ; to charge. 
Dryden. 

SCORIA, sk&'-re-a. 92. n.s. [Lat.] Dross; recre- 
ment. Newton. 

SCORIFICATION*, sk6r-e-f&-ka / -shfin. n. s. [In 
metallurgy.] The art of reducing a body, either en- 
tirely or in part, into scoria. Chambers. 

3CO/RIOUS, sko'-re-us. 314. a. Drossy; recremen- 

titious. Brown. 
To SCORN §, skorn. v. a. [schernen, Teut. ; escorner, 
Fr. ; ]-ceapn, Sax.] To despise; to slight; to re- 
vile ; to vilify ; to contemn. Job, xvi. To neglect; 
to disregard. Milton. 
To SCORN, skorn. v. n. To show signs of contempt. 
Shak. To disdain ; to think unworthy. Crashaw. 
3CORN, skSrn. n.s. [escorne, old Fr.] Contempt; 
scoff; slight act* of contumely. Bacon. Subject of 
ridicule ; thing treated with contempt. Tillotson. — 
To think scorn. To disdain ; to hold unworthy of 
regard. Ps. xxviii. To laugh to scorn. To deride 
as contemptible. Ps. Common Praiyer. 
SCO'RNER, skorn'-ur. 98. n.s. Contemner; de- 

spiser. Spenser. Scoffer; ridiculer. Prior. 
SCO'RNFUL, skdrn'-ful. a. Contemptuous ; insolent; 
disdainful. Ps. (Common Prayer,) exxiii. Acting 
in defiance. Prior. 
SCO'RNFULLY, skSrn'-ful-le. ad. Contemptuously; 

insolentlv. SJiakspeare. 
SCORNING*, skorn'-Ing. n.s. Sign or act of con- 
tempt or disdain. Ps. exxiii. 



To deal for the pur 
Exchange. Spenser. 



§ 



I SCO'RNY*, sk6V-ne. a. Deservine scorn. Ob. T. 

SCO'RPION, sk3r'-pe-un. n. s. [fr. ; scorpio, Lat.] 
A reptile with a venomous sting. Sfiakspeare. One 
of the signs of the zodiack. Dryden. A scourge, 
so called from its cruelty. 1 Kings, xii. [scorpius, 
LatJ A sea-fish. Ainsworth. 

SCO'RPION Sena. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

SCO'RPJON Grass. ) 

SCO'RPION'S TailSn. s. Herbs. Ainsworth. 

SCO'RPION Wort. ) 

To SCORSE §*, sk&rse. v. a. [skoja, Sueth.] To bar 
ter; to exchange. Spenser, [scorso, Ital.] To 
chase. Spenser. 

To SCORSE*, sk6r 
chase of a horse. B. 

SCORSE*, sk&rse. n. 

SCOT §, sk&t. n. s. [shott, Icel. ; rceafc, Sax.] Shot; 
payment. — Scot and lot. Parish payments. Sfoxk. 

SCOTS*, sk&t. n.s. [Scot7is, Lat ; Scofctaf, Sax.] 
A native of that part of Great Britain called Scot- 
land. Camden. 

SCOT-FREE, sk&t'-fre. a. [fcofc-ppeoh, Sax. 
Without payment; untaxed; unhurt. World 
Wonders. 

To SCOTCH §, sk&tsh. v. a. [escorcher, old Fr.] To 
cut with shallow incisions. Shakspeare. 

SCOTCH, sk&tsh. n.s. A slight cut; a shallow in 
cision. Sliakspeare. 

SCOTCH*, sk&tsh. } a. Relating to Scotland , 

SCO'TISH*. sk&t'-tfsh. £ belonging to Scotland 

SCOTTISH*, sk&t'-tfsh. > Camden. 

SCOTCH Collops, sk&tsh'-k&l'-lups. ) 

SCOTCHED Collops, sk&tsht'-k&l'-lups. S 

[from To scotch, or cut.] Veal cut into small pieces. 
King. 

SCOTCH Hoppers, sk&tsh'-h&p'-purz. n. s. A play 
in which boys hop over lines or scotches in the 
ground. Locke. 

SCO'TIST*, sk&'-tk. n.s. [from Duns Scotus.] A 
schoolman, following the opinions of Scotus on 
several abstruse and minute questions, in opposi- 
tion to those of Thomas Aquinas. See Thomist. 
Burton. 

SCO'TOMY, sk&t'-t&-me. «. s. [cKdrioua.] A dizzi- 
ness or swimming in the head, causing dimness of 
sight, wherein external objects seem to turn round. 
B. Jonson. 

SCOTTERING, sk&t'-t&r-Tng. n.s. [In Hereford- 
shire.] A custom among the boys of burning a 
wad of pease straw at the end of harvest. Bailey. 

SCOTTICISM*, sk&t'-te-sfsm. n.s. A Scottish idiom. 

SCO'UNDRKL *, skdfin'-drll. 99. n. s. [scondaruo/o, 
Ital.; j-coni^e, Sax.] A mean rascal; a low, petty 
villain. Hvdibras. 

SCO'UNDREL*, sk8iV-dr?l. a. Base; disgraceful; 
denothig a .scoundrel. Hildrop. 

SCO'UNDRELISM*, sk&un'-dr'il-izm. n.s. Base- 
ness; rascality. Cotgrave. 

To SCOUR §, sk6ur. 312. v. a. [skauron, M. Goth. ; 
skure, Dan. ; schuren, Dutch.] To rub hard with any 
thing rough, in order to clean the surface. Shak. 
To purge violently ; to cleanse ; to bleach ; to 
whiten ; to blanch. Bacon. To remove by scour- 
ing. Shak. To range about in order to catch or 
drive away something ; to clear away, [scorrere, 
Ital J Sidney. To pass swiftly over. Milton.. 

To SCOUR, sk&ur. v. n. To perform the office of 
cleaning domestick utensils. Shak. To clean. 
Bacon. To be purged or lax ; to be diseased with 
looseness. Mortimer. To rove ; to range. Knolles. 
To run here and there. Shak. To run with great 
eagerness and swiftness ; to scamper. Spenser. 

SCO'URER, sk&ur'-ur. n. s. One that cleans by rub- 
bing. Martin. A purge, rough and quick. One 
who runs swiftly. 

SCOURGE §, skfirje. 314. n. s. [escourgee, Fr. ; sco- 
reggia, Ital. ; corrigia, Lat.] A whip ; a lash ; an 
instrument of discipline. St. Jthn, li. >,A punish- 
ment ; a vindictive affliction. 2 Esdras. One that 
afflicts, harasses, or destroys. Atterbunf. A whip 
for a top. Locke. 
To SCOURGE, sk&rje. v. a. To lash with a whip ; 
812 



SCR 



SCR 



-no, move, ndr, n&t;— tube, tub, bill} — All; — pdund ;— thin, THis. 



To 



pun 



ish ; to cluiiti.se ; to 



to whip. Acts, xxii. 

icn ; t 
tion. 2 Mace. in. 

SCO URGER, skfir'-jur. 98. n.s. One that scourges; 
a punisher or chastiser. One of the sect called 
Flagellants, who scourged themselves. Tindal. 

SCOURGING*, skar'-jing. n. s. Punishment by the 
scourge. Heb. xi. 

SCCKURING*, skourMng. n. s. A looseness ; a flux. 
Bacon. 

To SCO'URSE, sk6rse. v. a. To exenange one thing 
for another. See To Scorse. 

SCOUTS, sk6ut. 312. n.s. [escoui, Fr.] One who is 
sent privily to observe the motions of the enemy. 
Shak. A high rock. 

To SCOUT, skout. v. n. To go out in order to 
observe the motions of an enemy privately. Milton. 
To ridicule ; to sneer. 

SCO'VEL, skdv'-vl. n.s. [scopa, Lat.] A sort of mop 
of clouts for sweeping an oven ; a malkin. Ainsiv. 

To SCOWL §,sk6ul. v.n. [ r cylian,Sax.] To frown; 
to pout ; to look angry, sour, or sullen. Sidney. 

To SCOWL* skoui. v. a. To drive scowlingly. 
Milton. 

SCOWL, skoul. 322. n. s. Look of sullenness or dis- 
content ; gloom. Crashaw. 

SCO'WLINGLY, skdul'-lng-fe. ad. With a frown- 
ing and sullen look. 

To SCRABBLE, skrab'-bl. 405. ». n. [krabbelen, 
sclirabben, Teut.] To make unmeaning or idle 
marks. 1 Sam. xxi. 

SCRAG S, skrag. n. s. [probably a corruption of 
crag, the neck.] Any thing thin or lean ; as, a 
scrag of mutton, i. e. the small end of the neck : 
The man is a scrag, i. e. he is rawboned. 

SCRA'GGED, skrag'-geU 366. a. [corrupted from 
cragged.J Rough ; uneven ; full of protuberances 
or asperities. Mi/ton. 

SCRA'GGEDNESS, skrag'-ged-nes. ) n. s. Lean- 

SCRA'GGINESS, skrag'-ge-ngs. S "ess; mar- 
cour. Unevenness ; roughness ; ruggedness. 

SCRA'GGILY*, skrag'-ge-le. ad. Meagerly; lean- 
Iv. Cotgrave. 

SCRA'GGY, skrag'-ge. 383. a. Lean; marcid; thin. 
Arbuthnot. [corrupted from craggy.) Rough; 
rugged; uneven. Randolph. 

To SCRAMBLER skram'-bl. v.n. [the'same with 
scrabble.] To catch at any thing eagerly and tu- 
multuously with the hands; to catch with haste 
preventive of another. Stillingjleet. To climb by 
the help of the hands. 

SCRA'MBLE, skram'-bl. 405. n.s. Eager contest 
for something, in which one endeavours to get it 
before another. Locke. Act of climbing by the 
help of the hands. 

SCRA'MBLER, skram'-bl-ur. 98. n.s. One that 
scrambles. Addison. One that climbs by the help 
of t^e hands. 

To SCRANCH, skransh. v. a. [schrantsen, Dutch.] 
To grind somewhat crackling between the teeth. 

SCRA'NNEL, skran'-nll. 99. a. Slight ; poor ; worth- 
less. Milton. 

SCRAP, skrap. n. s. [from scrape.] A small particle ; 
a little piece; a fragment. Glanville. Crumb; 
small particles of meat left at the table. Bacon. 
A small piece of paper : this is properly scrip. Pope. 
To SCRAPE§, skrape. v. a. [j-cpeopan, Sax.; 
schrapen, Dutch.] To deprive of the surface by 
the light action of a sharp instrument, used with 
the edge almost perpendicular. Moxon. To take 
away by scraping ; to erase. Ezek. xxvi. To act 
upon any surface with a harsh iioise. Pope. To 
gather by great efforts, or penurious or trifling dili- 
gence. South. 
To SCRAPE, skrape. v.n. To make a harsh noise. 
To play ill on a fiddle. To make an awkward 
bow. Ainsworth. — To scrape acquaintance. To 
curry favour, or insinuate into one's familiarity. 

SCRAPE, skrape. n.s. Difficulty; perplexity; dis- 
tress. A low word. — [skrap, Swed.] The sound of 
the foot drawn over the floor. A bow. 
SCRA'PER, skra'-pflr. 98. «. s. Instrument with 



which any thing is scraped. Swift. A miser : a mas 
intent on getting money; a scrape-penny. Herbert. 
A vile fiddler. Cowley. 

SCRAT, skrat. n. s. [j-cpitta, Sax.] An hermaph- 
rodite. Skinner. 

To SCRAT S*. skrat. v. a. [escrat, Anglo-Norman.] 
To scratch. Burton. 

To SCRAT*, skrat. v.n. To rake; to search. Mir- 
ror/or Magistrates. 

To SCRATCH §, skratsh. v. a. [kratzen, Germ. ; 
kratsa, Su.l To tear or mark with slight incisions 
ragged and uneven. Dryden. To tear with the 
nails. Spenser. To wound slightly. To hurt 
slightly with any thing pointed or keen. Shak. 
To rub with the nails. Camden. To write or draw 
awkwardly. Swift. 

SCRA'TCH, skratsh. n. s. An incision ragged and 
shallow. Moxon. Laceration with the nails. Prior, 
A slight wound. Sidney. 

SCRATCHER, skratsh'-fir. 98. n. s. He that 
scratches. 

SCRATCHES, skratsh'-lz. 99. n. s. Cracked ulcers 
or scabs in a horse's foot. B. Jonson. 

SCRA'TCHINGLY, skratsh'-ing-le. ad. With the 
action of scratching. Sidney. 

SCR A W, skraw. 219. n. s. [Irish and Erse.] Sur- 
face or scurf. Swift. 

To SCRAWL^ skrawl. 219. v. a. [corrupted from 
scrabble.] To draw or mark irregularly or clumsily. 
Swift. 

To SCRAWL, skrawl. v. n. To write unskilfully and 
inelegantly. Swift, [from crawl.] To creep like a 
reptile. Ainsworth. 

SCRAWL, skrawl. n. s. Unskilful and inelegant 
writing. Arbuthnot. 

SCRA'WLER, skrawl'-5r. n.s. A clumsy and in- 
elegant writer. 

SCRAY. skra. 220. n. s. A bird called a sea-swal- 
low. Ray. 

SCRE'ABLE, skre'-a-bl. a. [screabiHs, Lat.] That 
may be spit out. Bailey. 

To SCREAKS, skreke. 227. v. n. [skraeka, Icel. ; 
skrika, Su. Goth.] To make a shrill or loud noise, 
Spensei'. 

SCREAK*, skreke. n. s. A screech. Bp. Bull. 

To SCREAM, skreme. 227. v.n. [hpeman, Sax. ; 
skraema, Swed.] To cry out shrilly, as in terrour 
or agony. Dryden. To vm shrilly. Shakspeare. 

SCREAM, skreme. n. s. A shrill, quick, loud cry of 
terrour orpain. Shaksveare. 

SCRE'AMER*, skre'-m&r. n. s. A bird. Pennant. 

To SCREECH S, skreetsh. 246. t* n. [skraeka, Icel.J 
To cry out as in terrour or anguish. Bacon. To cry- 
as a night-owl : thence called a screechowl. Shak. 

SCREECH, skreetsh. n. s. Cry of horrour and an- 
guish. Hakewill. Harsh, horrid cry. Pope. 

SCREE/CHOWL, skreetsh'-dul. n.s. An owl that 
hocts in the night, and whose voice is supposed to 
betoken danger, misery, or death. Shakspeare. 

SCREENS, skreen. 246. n.s. [escran, Fr.] Any- 
thing that affords shelter or concealment. Shak. 
Any thing used to exclude cold or light. Bacon. A 
riddle to sift sand. 

To SCREEN, skreen. v. a. To shelter > to conceal j 
to hide. Milton, [cerno, crevi, Lat.] To sift) to rid- 
dle. Evelyn. 

SCREW S, skr65. 265. n. s. [scroeve, Dutch j esermi?, 
Fr.] One of the mechanical powers, which is de- 
fined a right cylinder cut into a furrowed spiral ; 
of this there are two kinds, the male and female, 
the former being cut convex, so that its threads 
rise outwards; but the latter channelled on its con- 
cave side, so as to receive the former. Wilkins. 

To SCREW, skr66. v. a. To turn or move by a screw. 
Phillips. To fasten with a screw. Moxon. To- 
deform by contortions. Cotvley. To force ; to bring 
by violence. Howell. To squeeze 5 to press. To 
oppress by extortion. Swift, 

SCREW Tree, skrodMre. n.s. A plant of the East 
and West Indies. 

SCRE'WER*. skroo'-or. n.s. That which screwa 
Whitlock. 

813 



SCR 



scu 



10= 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pbe, pin ;— 



SCRIBA'TIOUS*, skrl-ba'-sh&s. a. Skilful in, or 
fond of writing. Barroiv. 

To SCRFBBLE $, skrib'-bl. 405. v. a. [scribo, scri- 
billo, Lat.l To fill with artless or worthless writing. 
Bp. Taylor. To write without use or elegance : 
as, He scribbled a pamphlet. To comb wool. 

To SCRFBBLE, skrib'-bl. v. n. To write without 
care or beauty. Bentley. 

SCRFBBLE, skrib'-bl. n. s. Worthless writing. 
Boyle. 

SCRFBBLER, skrfb'-bl-ur. 98. n.s. A petty author; 
a writer without worth. Dryden. 

SCRIBE, skrlbe. n.s. [Fr. ; scriba, Lat.] A writer. 
Shak. A publick notary. Ainsworlh. A Jewish 
teacher or doctor of the law. Bp. Percy. 

SCRFMER, skrl'-mur. 98. n. s. [escrimeur, Fr.] A 
gladiator; a fencing-master. Shakspeare. Oh. J. 

SCRIMP*, skrlmp. a. {krimpen, Teut.] Short; 
scanty. 

SCRINE, skrine. n. s. \scrinium, Lat.] A place in 
which writings or curiosities are reposited. Spenser. 

SCRIP, skr'fp. n. s. [skraeppa, Icel.] A small bag ; 
a satchel. SJiak. [scriptio, Lat.] A schedule; a 
small writing. Locke. 

SCRFPPAGE, skrfp'-pldie. 90. ft. s. That which 
is contained in a scrip. Sfiakspeare. 

SCRIPT*, skrfpt. n. s. [escript, old Fr. ; scnptum., 
Lat.] A small writing. Chaucer. 

SCRFPTORY, skripMfir-e. 512. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [scriptorius, Lat.] Written ; not orally de- 
livered. Sivift. Serving to writing. Sir T. Brown. 

SCRFPTURAL, skr?p'-tshu-ral. a. Contained in 
the Bible; biblical. AUerbury. 

SCRFPTUREf, skrfp'-tshure. 461. n.s. [oldFr.; 
scriptura, Lat.] Writing. Raleigh. Sacred writ- 
ing ; the Bible. Hooker. 

SCRFPTURIST*, skrip'-tshu-rist. n.s. One who 
thoroughly understands the sacred writings. Abp. 
Newco?ne. 

SCRFVENER, skrfv'-nfir. n.s. [scrivano, Ital. ; escri- 
vain, Fr.] One who draws contracts. Shak. One 
whose business is to place money at interest. Dry- 
den. 

D^T This word is irrecoverably contracted into two syl- 
lables. — See Clef and Nominative. TV. 

SCRO'FULAS, skr6f-u-la. 92. n.s. [scrtfa, Lat.T A 
depravation of the hu.nours of the body, which 
breaks out in sores commonry caHed the king's 
evil, Wiseman. 

SCROFULOUS, skrdf-u-lus. 314. a. Diseased with 
the scrofula. Arbuthnot. 

SCROG*, skrog. n. s. []*cp.ob, Sax.] A stunted 
shrub, bush, or branch. 

SCROLL, skrole. 406. n. s. [escrouii, escrouet, old 
Fr.TA writing wrapped up. Spenser. 

SCROYLE, skr6el. n. s. [escrouelles, Fr.] A mean 
fellow ; a rascal ; a wretch. Shakspeare. 

To SCRUB §, skrub. v. a. [skrubha, Swed. ; schroh- 
ben, Dutch.] To ruD hard with something coarse 
and rough. Dryden. 

SCRUB, skrub. n. s. [schrobber, Dutch.] A mean 
fellow, either as he is supposed to scrub himself for 
the itch, or as he is employed in the mean offices 
of scouring away dirt. Burton. Any thing mean 
or despicable. Swift. A shrub. A worn-out broom. 
Ainsworth. 

SCRU'BBED, skrfib'-bld. 366.? a. Mean; vile: 

SCRUBBY, skrub'-be. \ worthless ; dirty ; 

sorry. Sluikspeare. 

SCRUF, skr&f. n. s. The same with scurf. 

SCRUPLE $, skr56'-pl. 339, 405. n. s. [scrupule, Fr. ; 
scrupulus, Lat.] Doubt ; difficulty of determination ; 
perplexity : generally about minute things. Bacon. 
Twenty grains; the third part of a dram. Bacon. 
Proverbially, any small quantitv. Shakspeare. 

To SCRU'PLE, skr66'-pl. v. n. To doubt ; to hesi- 
tate. Milton. 

SCRUTLER, skrofl'-pl-ur. 98. n.s. A doubter; one 

who has scruples. Bp. Hall. 
To SCRU'PULIZE*, skroS'-pu-llze. v. a. To per- 
plex with scruples. Mouniagu. 



SCRUPULOSITY, skr56-pu-16s'-e-te. n. s. Doubt; 
minute and nice doubtfulness. Hooker. Fear of 
acting in any manner ; tenderness of conscience. 
Decay of Christian Piety. 

SCRU'PULOUS, skr66'-pu-lus. 314. a. [scrupukux, 
Fr.; scrupulesus, Lat.] Nicely doubtful; hard to 
satisfy in determinations of conscience. Hooker* 
Given to objections; captious. Sliak. Nice; doubt 
ful. Bacon. Careful; vigilant; cautious. Wood 
ward. 

SCRUPULOUSLY, skrSo'-pu-l&s-le. ad. Carefully ; 
nicely ; anxiously. Bp. Taylor. 

SCRUPULOUSNESS, skr66'-pu-lfis-nes. n.s. The 
stale of being scrupulous. Puller. 

SCRU'TABLES, skroO'-ta-bl. 405. a. [scrutor. Lat.] 
Discoverable by inquiry. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

SCRUTA'TION, skr66-uV-shun. n.s. {scrutor, Lat.] 
Search ; examination ; inquiry. Diet. 

SCRUTATOR, skroS-ta'-tur. 166. n. s. Inquirer ; 
searcher ; examiner. Hales. 

SCRUTINEER, skroo-te-neer'. n. s. A searcher ; 
an examiner. 

SCRU'TINOUS, skrSo'-tm-us. a. Captious; full of 
inquiries. Denham. 

Tc SCRUTINIZE, skrSo'-tni-lze. )v. a. To search; 

To SCRUTINY, skrdo'-te-ne. $ to examine. 
Ayliffe. 

SCWTINYy, skroo'-le-ne. 339. n.s. [scrutine, o\d 
Fr. ; scrutinium', Lat. ; ;pcp_ubnian, Sax.] Inquiry ; 
search ; examination with nicety. Bp. Taylor. 

SCRUTOFRE, skr6o-t6re'. n.s. A case of drawers 
for writing. Prior. 

To SCRUZE, skruze. v. a. [perhaps from screw.'] 
To squeeze ; to compress. Spenser. Oh. J. 

To SCUD §, skfid. v. n. [squittire, Ital. ; skutta, Swed.] 
To flee; to run away with precipitation. Dryden. 
To be carried precipitately before a tempest : ap- 
plied to a ship. 

To SCUD*, skud. v. a. To pass over quickly. Shen- 
stone. 

SCUD*, skud. n. s. A cloud swiftly driven by the 
wind. Dryden. 

To SCU'DDLE, skud'-dl. v. n. To run with a kind 
of affected haste or precipitation : commonly pro- 
nounced scuttle. 

SCU / FFLE§,skuf-fl.405. »•*< [skuffa, Swed.] A. 
confused quarrel ; a tumultuous broil. Shakspeare. 

To SCUTFLE, skuf'-fl. v. n. To fight confusedly 
and tumultously. Drayton. 

To SCUG*, skug. v. a. [skugga, Swed.] To hide. 
Grose. 

To SCULK §, skulk, v.n. [skiolka, So. Goth.] To 
lurk in hiding places ; to He close. Beaumont and 
Fletclier. 

SCU'LKER, skulker. 98. n.s. A lurker; one that 
hides himself for shame or mischief. 

SCULLS, skfil. n.s. [from shell.] The bone which' 
incases and defends the brain ; the arched b ne of 
the head. Sharp. A small boat ; a cockboat. [See 
Sculler.] Sherwood. One who rows a cock- 
boat. Hudibras. [Sceole, Sax.] A shoal of fish. 
Shakspeare. 

SCU LLCAP, skuF-kap. n.s. A headpiece. A night- 
cap. 

SCU'LLER, skul'-l&r. 98. n. s. [skiola, Goth. ; skyla, 
Sueth.] A cockboat; a boat in which there is but 
one rower. Dryden. One that rows a cockboat. 
Swift. 

SCULLERY §, skfil'-lfir-e. n.s. [skiola, Icel. ; or 
escueile, Fr.] The place where common utensils, 
as kettles or dishes, are cleaned and kept. Pea- 
cham. 
SCU'LLION, skfil'-yun. 113. n.s. [sculier, old Fr.J 
The lowest domestick servant, that washes the ket- 
tles and the dishes in the kitchen. Swifi. 
SCU'LLIONLY*, skul'-yfin-le. a. Low ; base; worth- 
less. Milton. 

To SCULP, skfilp. v. a. [sculpo, Lat. ; sculper, Fr.J ; 

To carve ; to engrave. Sandys. Ob. J. 
SCU'LPTILE, skulp'-dl. 140. a. [sculptilis, Lat. 

Made by carving. Brown. 
SCU'LPTOR^skuFp'-tnr. 166. n.s. [L*\.;sculpleur f 
814 






scu 



SEA 



-116, move, ndr, not ;— tu.be, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pdund • — fun, THis. 



Fr.] A carver; one who cuts wood or stone into 
mages. Dn/dni. 
SCULPTURE $, sk&lp'-tshftre.461.n.s. [scu/ptura, 
Lat.] The art of carving wood, or hewing stone, 
into images. Pope. Carved work. Milton. The 
art of engraving on copper. 
roSCU'LPTURE^kulp'-tshure. v. a. To cut ; to 
engrave. 

SCUM$, skftm. v. s. [escume, Fr. ; skum, Dan.; 
schuijm, Dutch.] That which rises to the top of any 
liquor. Spenser. The dross ; the refuse ; the recre- 
ment ; that part which is to be thrown away. Ra- 
kigh. 
To SCUM, skftm. v. a. To clear oft' the scum : com- 
monly written and spoken skim. Milton. 

SCU'MBER, skiW-bur. n. s. The dung of a fox. 
Ainsworth. 

SCU'MMER, skum'-mur. 98. n. s. [escumoir, Fr.] A 
vessel with which liquor is scummed : commonly 
called a skimmer. Ray. 

SCUTPER Holes, skup'-pur-h6lz. 98. n. s. [schoe 
pen, Dutch.] In a ship, small holes on the deck, 
through which water is carried into the sea. Ward. 
Simplv, scuppers. Maydman. 

SCURF §, skurf. n. s. [feunp, Sax. ; skurf, Dan.] 
A kind of dry,. miliary scab. Spenser. A soil or 
stain adherent. Dryden. Any thing sticking on 
the surface. Milton' 

SCU RFINESS, skurf -e-nes. n. s. The state of be- 
ing scurfy. Skelton. 

SCU'RFY*, skur'-fe. a. Having scurfs or scabs. 

SCURRILE$, skur'-rfl. a. [scurrilis, Lat.] Low; 
mean ; grossly opprobrious ; lewdly jocose. Bp. 

SCURRFLITY, skur-rll'-e-te. n.s. [scurrilite, Fr.; 
scurrititas, Lat.] Grossness of reproach ; lewdness 
of jocularity ; mean buffoonery. Shakspeare. 

SCURRILOUS, skur'-ril-fis. 314. a. Grossly oppro- 
brious; using such language as only the license of 
a buffoon can warrant; lewdly jocular ; vile; low. 
Hooker. 

SCU'RRILOUSLY, skur'-rll-us-le. ad. With gross 
reproach; with low buffoonery; with lewd merri- 
ment. Dryden. 

SCURRILOUSNESS, skfir'-rfl-us-nes. n. s. Scur- 
rility; baseness of manners. 

SCU'RVlLY,skur / -ve-le. ad. Vilely ; basely ; coarse- 
ly. B. Jonson. 

SCU'RVINESS*, skur'-ve-nes. n.s. Slate of being 
scurvy. Shenvood. 

SCU'RVY^, skfir'-ve. a. [from scurf.] Scabbed; cov- 
ered with scabs ; diseased with the scurvy. Lev. xxi. 
Vile; bad; sorry ; worthless ; contemptible; offen- 
sive. ShaksjKare. 

SCU'RVY, skur'-ve. n.s. A distemper of the inhab- 
itants of cold countries, and, amongst those, such as 
inhabit marshy, fat, low, moist soils, near stagnat- 
ing water. Arbuthnot. 

SCU'RVYGRASS, skur'-ve-gras. n. s. The plant 
spoonwort. Miller. 

'"SCUSES. Excuses. Shakspeare. 

SCUT, skut. n.s. [skntt, Icel.] The tail of those an- 
imals whose tails are very short, as a hare. Brown. 

SCU'TAGE*, sku'-tadje. 90. n. s. [scutagium, low 
LatJ Escuage, in ancient customs. SeeEscuAGE. 

SCU'TCHEON, skutsh'-fn. 259. n. s. [scuccione, 
Ital.; from scutum, Lat.] The shield represented 
in heraldry ; the ensigns armorial of a family. See 
Escutcheon. Sidney. 

SCUTE'LLATED. sku-tel'-la-ted. a. [sattella, Lat.] 
Divided into small surfaces. Woodward. 

SCU'TIFORM, sku'-te-fdrm. a. [scutiformis, Lat.] 
Shaped like a shield. 

SCU'TTLE$, skut'-ll. 405. n. s. [sattella, Lat. ; scu- 
lell, Celt.; reutfcel, Sax.] A wide, shallow basket, 
so named from a dish or platter which it resembles 
in form. Tusse~. A small grate. Mortimer, [esco- 
tillon, Span.] A hole in the deck to let down into 
the ship. Minsheu. [from scud.] A quick pace ; a 
short run ; a pace of affected precipitali n. Specta- 
tor. 

ToSCU'TTLE*, skut'-tl. v. a. To cut noles in the 



deck or sides of a snip, when stranded or overset, 
and continuing to float on the surface Chambers 
To SCUTTLE, skut'-tl. v. n. [from scud or scuddlt ] 
To run with affected precipitation. Arbuthnot. 

SCYTHE*. See Sithe. 

To SCYTHE*. See To Sithe. 

To SDAIN*, I .. S "• a - Udegnare, Ital.] To 

To SDE1GN, \ zdane - I disdain. Spemer. Ob. T. 

SDAIN*, zdane. n. s. Disdain. Spenser. 

SDE'IGNFUL, zdane'-ful. a. Disdainful. Spenser. 

SEA $, se. n. s. [rae, Sax. ; see, or zee, Dutch.] The 
ocean ; the water, opposed to the land. Shak. A 
collection of water; a lake. St. Mattlmo,\v. Pro- 
verbially for any large quantity. K. Cliarles. Any 
thing rough and tempestuous. Milton. — Half seas 
over. Half drunk. Spectator. 

SEA is often used in composition, as will appear in 
the following examples. 

SEABA'NK*, se'-bank. n. s. [sea and bant] The 
seashore. Shak. A fence to keep the sea within 
bounds. 

SE'ABAR, se'-bar. n. s. [sea and bar.] The sea 
swallow. 

SE'ABAT*. se'-bat. n.s. [sea and bat.] A sort of fly 
ing fish. Cotgrave. 

SEABA'THED*,se'-baTHd. a. Bathed or dipped in 
the sea. Sandys. 

SEA BE 7 AST*, se'-beest. n. s. A large or monstrous 
animal of the sea. Milton. 

SE'ABEAT, se'-bete. )a. Dashed by the 

-be-tn. \ 



waves of the sea. 



SEABE'ATEN*, se'. 
Spenser. 

SE' ABOARD*, se'-b6rd. ad. Towards the sea : a 
naval word. 

SE'ABOAT, se'.-bote. n.s. Vessel capable to bear 
the sea. Arbuthnot. 

SE'ABORD*, se'-bdrd. ; a. Border- 

SEABO'RDERING*, se-b6r'-dur-ing. $ ing on the 
sea. Spenser. 

SE'ABORN, se'-bdrn. a. Born of the sea; produced 
by the sea. Waller. 

SE'ABOUND*, se'-b6und. )a. Bounded by 

SEABO'UNDED*, se'-b&und-ed. $ the sea. Mir- 
ror for Magistrates. 

SE'ABOY, se'-b6e. n. s. Boy employed on ship- 
board. Shakspeare. 

SE'ABREACH, se'-bretsh. n. s. Irruption of the 
sea by breaking the banks. U Estrange. 

SE'ABREEZE, se'-breze. n.s. Wind blowing from 
the sea. Mortimer. 

SE'ABUILT, se'-bilt. a. Built for the sea. Dryden. 

SEACA'BBAGE, se-kab'-bidje. n. s. Seacolewort : 
a plant. Miller. 

SE'ACALF, se-kaf. n. s. [sea and calf] The seah 
Grew. 

SE'ACAP, se'-kap. n. s. Cap made to be worn on 
ship-board. Shakspeare. 

SEACARD*, se'-kard. n. s. The mariner's card, 
Bp. Morton. 

SE'ACARP, se'-karp. n. s. A spotted fish that lives 
among stones and rocks. 

SE'ACHANGE*, se'-tshanje. n. s. Change effected 
by the sea. Shakspeare. 

SE'ACHART, se-kart'. [se'-tshart, Perry, Jones, 
Fulton and Knigfit.] [See Chart.] n. s. Map in 
which only the coasts are delineated. Watts. 

SE'ACIRCLED*, se'-ser-kl'd. a. Suirounded by 
the sea. Sandys. 

SE'ACOAL, se'-k6le. n. s. Coal, so called, not be- 
cause found in the sea, but because brought to Lon- 
don by sea ; pitcoal. Sha/cspeare. 

SE'ACOAST, se-k6ste'. n. s. Shore ; edge of the 
sea. Speriser. 

SE'ACOB, se'-k6b. n. s. A bird, called also seagull. 

SEACO'MPASS, se-kum'-pas. n. s. The card and 
needle of mariners. Camden. 

SE'ACOOT, se'-koot. n. s. Sea-fowl, like the moor- 
hen. 

SEACO'RMORANT, se-kfir'-mo-rant. ) n. s. A sea- 

SE'ADRAKE, se'-drake. } crow. 

SE'ACOW, se-kdu'. «. s. [sea and coic] The mana- 
tee, a very bulky animal of the cetaceous kind. Hill. 
815 



SEA 



SEA 



(CP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pfn 



SE'ACROW*, se'-krd. n. s. The seagull. 

SE'ADOG, se-d6g'. n. s> [sea and dog.] Perhaps the 
shark. Roscommon. 

SEADRA'GON*, se'-drag'-fin. n. s. A seafish, 
called also the viver. Cotgrave. 

SE'AEAR, se'-eer. n. s. [from sea and ear.] A sea- 
plant, 

SE'AEEL*, se'-eel. n.s. [pe-sel, Sax.] The conger. 

SE'AENCIRCLED*, se'-en-seV-kl'd. a. Surround- 
ed by the sea. Thomson. 

SEAFA'RER, se'-fa-rfir. n. s. [sea and fare.] A 
traveller by sea ; a mariner. Carew. 

SEAFARING, se'-fa-rfng. 410. a. Travelling by 
sea. Shakspeare. 

SE'A FENNEL, se-fen'-n?l. 99. n. s. The same with 
samphire. 

SE'AFIGHT, se-fite'. n. s. Battle of ships; battle on 
the sea. Bacon. 

SE'AFISH*, se'-fish. n. s. [ r se-pi r car, Sax.] Fish 
that live in the sea. 

SE'AFOWL, se-fMl'. n. s. Birds that live at sea. 
Derham. 

SE'AGARLAND*, se'-glr-land. n. s. An herb. 

SE'AGIRDLES, se'-ger-dlz. n. s. pi. A sort of sea- 
mushrooms. 

SE'AGIRT, se'-gert. a. Girded or encircled by the 
sea. Milton. 

SE'AGOD*, se'-god. n. s. One of the fabulous dei- 
ties of the sea. Drayton. 

SE'AGOWN*, se'-g6un. n. s. A mariner's short- 
sleeved gown. SJialcspeare. • 

SE'AGRASS, se'-gras. n. s. An herb growing on 

SE'AGREEN, se'-green. a. Resembling the colour 
of the distant sea ; cerulean. Locke. 

SE'AGREEN, se'-green. n. s. Saxifrage: a plant. 

SE'AGULL, se-guF. n. s. [sea and gull,] A bird 
common on the sea-coasts, of a light gray colour ; 
sometimes called the seacrow. Bacon. 

SEAHE'DGEHOG, se-h£dje'-h6g. n. s. A kind of 
sea shell fish. Carew. 

SE'AHOG, se-hog'. n. s. The porpus. 

SE'AHOLLY, se"-h6l-le. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

SE'AHOLM, se'-h6lm. n.s. [sea and holm.] A small, 
uninhabited island. Seaholly : a kind of seaweed. 
Carew. 

SE' AHORSE, se-horse'. n, s. A fish of a very sin- 
gular form, and of the needle-fish kind, about four 
<>r five inches in length, and nearly half an inch in 
diameter in the broadest part. Hill. The morse. 
Woodward. The medical and the poetical sea- 
horse seem very different. By the seahorse Dry- 
den means probably the hippopotamus Dryden. 

SE' ALIKE*, se'-llke. a. [pe-hc, Sax.] Resembling 
the sea. Thomson. 

SE'AMAID, -se'-made. n. s. A mermaid. Shale. A 
water-nymph. P. Fletcher. 

SE'AMALL*, se'-mal. n.s. A kind of seagull. 

SE'AMAN, se'-man. 88. n.s. [pe-man, Sax.] A 
sailor; a navigator; a mariner. Dcnham. Mer- 
man ; the male of the mermaid. Locke. 

SE'AMANSHD?*, se'-man-sh'fp. n.s. Naval skill; 
good management of a ship. Burke. 

SE'AMARK, se'-mark. n.s. [sea and mark.] Point 
or conspicuous place distinguished at sea, and 
serving the mariners as directions of their course. 
Spenser. 

SE'AMEW, se-mu'. n.s. [sea and mew.] A fowl that 
frequents the sea. Milton. 

SEAMO'NSTER, se-m&ns'-tfir. n. s. Strange ani- 
mal of the sea. Lam. iv. 

SE'AMOSS, se'-mos. n. s. [sea and moss.] Coral, 
which grows in the sea like a shrub, and, being 
taken out, becomes hard like a stone. Drayton. 

SEANA'VELWORT, se-na'-v'l-wfirt. n.s. An herb 
growing in Syria. 

SEANE'TTLE*, se-net'-tl. n. s. A sort of fish, re- 
sembling a lump of stiff jelly. Chambers. 

SE'ANYMPH, se-nfmf . «. s. Goddess of the sea. 
Broome. 

SE'AONION, se-fin'-yfin. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 



SE'AOOSE, se-dftze'. n. s. [sea and oose.] The mud 

in the sea or shore. Mortimer. 
SE'APAD, se'-pad. n. s. The star fish 
SEAPA'NTHER, se-pan'-*/i&r. n. s. A fish like a 

lamprey. 
SE'APIECE, se'-peese. n. s. A picture representing 

any thing at sea. Addison. 
SE'APOOL, se'-p66l. n. s. A lake of salt watei 



SE'APORT, se'-port. n. s. A harbour. Shakspeare. 
SE'ARESEMBLING*, se'-re-zem'-bllng. a. Sea 

like. Sandys. 
SE'ARISK, se'-rlsk. n. s. Hazard at sea. Arhithnot 
SEARO'BBER*, se-rob'-bur. n. s. A pirate ; a sea 

thief. Milton. 
SE'AROCKET, se'-r&k-kfi. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
SE'AROOM, se'-room. n. s. Open sea; spacious 

main. Bacon. 
SEARO'VER, se'-r6-vur. n. s. A pirate. Milton. 
SE'ARUFF, s^'-ruf. n. s. [sea and ruff.] A kind of 

seafish. 
SEASE'RPENT, se'-ser-pent. n. s. A water serpent; 

an adder. 
SEASE'RVICE, se'-ser-vis. n. s. Naval war. Swift. 
SEASHA'RK, se-shark'. n.s. A ravenous seafish. 

Shakspeare. 
SE'ASHELL, se-sbeF. n.s. Shells found on the 

shore. Mortimer. 
SE'ASHORE. se-sh6re'. n. s. The coast of the sea. 

Dryden. 
SE'ASICK, se'-sfk. a. Sick, as new voyagers on the 

sea. Shakspeare. 
SEASI'DE, se-slde'. n. s. The edge of the sea. 

Jud. vii. 
SEASU'RGEON, se'-s&r-jun. n. s. A chirurgeon 

employed on shipboard. Wiseman, 
SEASURROU'NDED, se-s&r-r6und'-eU a. Encir- 
cled by the sea. Pope. 
SEATE'RM, se'-term. n, s. Word of art used by the 

seamen. Pope. 
SEATHI'EF*, se'-tfieef. n. s. [ r se-3eoj:, Sax.] A 

pirate. Bp. of Chichester. 
SEATO'AD*, se'-t6de. n.s. [sea and toad.] An ugly 

seafish so named. Cotgraoe. 
SE'ATORN*, se'-t6rn. a. Torn by the sea. Browne. 
SE'ATOST*, se'-t&st. a. Tossed by the sea. Sliak. 
SEAWA'LLED*, se'-wald. a. Surrounded by the 

sea. Shakspeare. 
SE'A WARD*, se'-ward. a. [sea, and peajib, Sax.] 

Directed towards the sea. Donne. 
SE' AWARD, se'-ward. ad. Towards the sea. Dray 

ton. 
SEAWA'TER, se'-wa-tflr. n. s. The salt water of 

the sea. Bacon. 
SE'AWITHWIND, se'-wl*/t-w?nd. n. s. Blndweeu 
SEAWO'RMWOOD, se'-wurm-wiid. n. s. A sort 

of wormwood that grows in the sea. 
SE'A WORTHY*, se°-wur-THe. a. Fit to go to sea : 

applied to a ship. 
SEAL, sele. 227. n. s. [jeol, yele, Sax. ; seel, Dan.] 

The sea calf. Carew. 
SEAL §, sele. n. s. [ptfel, Sax. ; sigillum, Lat.] A 
stamp engraved with a particular impression, 
which is fixed upon the wax that closes letters, or 
affixed as a testimony. Locke. The impression 
made in wax. Shak. Any act of confirmation. 
Milton. 
To SEAL, sele. v. a. To fasten with a seal. Shak. 
To confirm or attest by a seal. Shale. To confirm; 
to ratify ; to settle. Rom. xv. To shut ; to close. 
Bacon. To make fast. Milton. To mark with 
a stamp. Shakspeare. 
To SEAL, sele. v. n. To fix a seal. Neh. ix. 
SE'ALER, se'-l&r. 98. n.s. One that seals. Huloet. 
SE'ALING*, se'-ling. n.s. Act of sealing. Nehem. x. 
SE'ALINGWAX, se'-llng-waks. n. s. Hard wax 

used to seal letters. Boyle. 
SEAM §, seme. 227. n. s. jjeam, Sax.] The suture 
where the two edges of cloth are sewed together. 
Dryden. The juncture of planks in a ship. Dry- 
den. A cicatrix ; a scar. A measure ; a vessel in 
which things are held; eight bushels of corn. Ains- 

m 



SEA 



SEC 



— no, move, ndr, n&t 5— tube, tftb, bull ;— 611 5— pdund ;— th'm, THis. 



tcorth. — Seam of glass. A quantity of glass, weigh- 
ing 1-0 pounds". [feme. Sax. ; saim, Welsh.] Tal- 
low ; grease ; hog's lard. Shakspeare. 

To SEAM, seme. v. a. To join together by suture, 
or otherwise. To mark ; to scar with a long cica- 
trix. Pope. 

SE AMLESS, seme'-les. a. Having no seam. Bp. 
Hall. 

SE AMRENT, seme -rent, n. s. [seam and rent.] A 
separation of any thing where it is joined; a 
breach of the stitches. 

SE AMSTRESS. sem'-stres. 234, 515. n. s. [ r eam- 

K:pe. Sax.] A woman whose trade is to sew. 
ften written sempstress. Cleaveland. 
SEAMY, se'-me. a. Having a seam; showing the 

«cam. Shakspeare. 
SEAN. sene. n. s. [reftne, Sax.] A net. Sandys. 
SE APOY*, se'- P 6e. See Sepoy. 
SEAR. sere. 227. a. [reapian. Sax.] Dry; not any 

longer green. See Sere. Sliakspeare. 
To SEAR $, sere. v.a. [ r eapian, Sax.] To burn; 
to cauterize. 1 Tim. iv. To widier ; to dry. Sliak. 
To SEARCE§,seVse.t<.a. [sasser, Fr.] To sift finely. 

Boi/le. 
SEARCE. serse. 234. n. *. [sas, Fr.] A sieve ; a 

bolter. Sfiencood. 
SE ARCER, seV-sur. n. 5. One who sifts or bolts 

corn. Cotgrave. 
To SEARCH $, sertsh. 234. v. a. [cherclier, Fr.] To 
examine ; to try ; to explore ; to look through. 
Xwn. rA'ri. To "inquire ; to seek for. Milton. To 
probe as a chirurgeon. Wiseman. — To search out. 
To find bv seeking. Devi. i. 
To SEARCH, sertsh. v. n. To make a search ; to 
look for something. Shale. To make inquiry. Mil- 
ton. To seek ; to try to find. Locke. 
SEARCH, seVtsh. n. s. Inquiry by looking into every 
suspected place. Milton. Examination. Locke. In- 
quirv; act of seeking. Shak. Quest; pursuit. Shak. 
SE ARCHABLE* sertsh'-a-bl. a. That may be ex- 
plored. Cotgrave. 
SE'ARCHER, sertsh'-ftr. n. s. Examiner; trier. 
Bar. iii. Seeker; inquirer. Prior. Officer in 
London appointed to examine the bodies of the 
dead, and report the cause of death. Graunt. 
SEARCHING*, s^rtsh'-lng. n.s. Examination; in- 
quisition. Judges, v. 
SEARCHLESS*, seYtsh'-fe. a. Avoiding or es- 
caping search ; inscrutable. 
SEARCLOTH. sere'-kldtfi. n. s. [ r apcla3, Sax.] 

A plaster; a large plaster. Mortimer. 
SEAREDNESS*. sere'-Sd-nes. n. s. State of being 
seared or cauterized : from the practice of sur- 
geons who apply burnings in order to heal corrupt 
flesh, which becomes afterwards insensible ; hence, 
figuratively, insensibililv. Bp. Hall. 
SE'ASON $, se'-z'n. 227 ,"443. n. s. [saison, Fr.] One 
of the four parts of the year, spring, summer, au- 
tumn, winter. Shak. A time, as distinguished from 
others. Milton. A fit time; an opportune occur- 
rence. Milton. A time not very long. Shak. That 
which gives a high relish. Shakspeare. 
To SE'ASON, se'-z'n. 170. v. a. [assaissonner, Fr.] 
To mix with food any thing that gives a high rel- 
ish. Lev. ii. To give a relish to ; to recommend 
by something mingled. Tillotson. To qualify by 
admixture of another ingredient. Shak. To im- 
bue ; to tinge or taint. Milton. To fit for any use 
by time or habit; to mature. Sliakspeare. 
To SE'ASON, se'-z'n. v. n. To become mature ; to 
grow fit for any purpose. Moxon. To betoken ; to 
savour. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SEASONABLE, se'-z'n-a-bl. 405. a. Opportune ; 
happening or done at a proper time ; proper as to 
time. Ecchis. v. 
SEASONABLENESS, se'-z'n-a-bl-n?s. n.s. Op- 
portuneness of time ; propriety with regard to time. 
Bp. Hall. 
SEASONABLY, se'-z'n-a-ble. ad. Properly, with 

respect to time ; Sprat. 
SE' ASGNAGE*, se'-z'n-?dje. n. s. Seasoning ; sauce. 
South. 

103 



SEASONER, se'-z'n-ur. 98. n.s. He who seasons 

or gives a relish to any thing. 
SEASONING, se'-z'n-ing. 410. n.s. That which 

is added to any thing to give it a relish. Bacon. 
SEAT $, sete. 227. n. s. [sedes, Lat. ; sett, old Germ.] 
A chair, bench, or any thing on which one may sit. 
Milton. Chair of stale ; throne ; post of authority ; 
tribunal. Slmk. Mansion; residence; dwelling; 
abode. Raleigh. Situation ; site. Raleigh. 

To SEAT, sete. v.a. To place on seats; to cause 
to sit down. Arbuthnot. To place in a post of au- 
thority, or place of distinction. Shak. To fix in any 
particular place or situation ; to settle. Raleigh. 
To fix; to place firm. Shakspeare. 

To SEAT*, sete. is n. To rest ; to lie down Spen 
ser. Oh. T. 

SEAVES§*, seevz. n. s. Rushes. Ray. 

SEAVY*, se'-ve. a. Overgrown with rushes : as, 
seavy ground. Ray. 

SEBACEOUS*, se-ba'-shfis. 357. a. [sebaceum, Lat.] 
3Iade of tallow ; belonging to tallow. 

SE'CANT, se'-kant. n. s. [secans, Lat.; secante, Fr.] 
[In geometry.] The right line drawn from the cen- 
tre of a circle, cutting and meeting with another 
line called the tangent without it. Bp. Berkeley. 

To SECE DE §, se-seed.r. n. [secedo, Lat.] To with- 
draw from fellowship in any aflair. 

SECE DER, se-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who discov- 
ers his disapprobation of any proceedings by with- 
drawing himself. 

To SECE RN, se-seni'. v. a. [secerno, Lat.] To sep- 
arate finer from grosser matter ; to make the sepa- 
ration of substances in the body. Bacon. 

SECE'SS*, se~seV. n.s. [secessus, Lat.] Retirement; 
retreat. More. 

SECESSION, se-sesh'-un. n. s. [secessio. Lat.] The 
act of departing. Brown. The act of withdrawing 
from councils or actions. Bp. Hall. 

SE'CLE, se'-kl. n. s. [siecle, Fr. ; seculum, Lat.] A 
centurv. Hammond. Ob. J. 

To SECLU'DE §, se-klude'. v. a. [secludo, Lat.1 To 
confine from ; lo shut up apart ; to exclude. WJiit- 

gi& 

SECLU'SION*, se-klu'-zh&n. n. s. A shutting out. 
Separation; exclusion. Warton. 

SE'COND V, seV-kund. 166. a. [second, Fr. ; secun- 
dum, Lat.] The next in order to the first ; the or- 
dinal of two. Di-yden. Next in value or dignity; 
inferiour. Bacon. 

SECOND-HAND, sek'-kflnd-hand. 525. n. s. Pos- 
session received from the first possessor. 

SECOND-HAND is sometimes used adjectively. 
Not original ; not primary. Locke. 

At SECOND-HAND. ad". In imitation ; in the sec- 
ond place of order ; by transmission ; not prima- 
rilv ; not originallv. Temple. 

SE'COND, sel'-kund. n. s. [second, Fr.] One who 
accompanies another in a duel to direct or defend 
him. Drayton. One who supports or maintains. 
Wotton. A second minute, the second division of 
an hour by sixty ; the sixtieth part of a minute. 
Wilkins. 

To SE'COND, sek'-kond. v. a. [seconder, Fr.] To 
support ; to forward ; to assist ; to come in after the 
act as a maintainer. Hooker. To follow in the 
next place. Shakspeare. 

SECOND Sight, se4c-kund-slle'. n. s. The power of 
seeing things future, or things distant: supposed 
inherent in some of the Scottish islanders. Addison. 

SECOND Sighted, sek-kund-sl'-teU a. Having the 
second sight. Addison. 

SE'CONDARILY T , sek'-kfin-da-re-le. ad. In the sec- 
ond degree ; in the second order ; not primarily ; 
not originallv ; not in the first intention. Digby. 

SE'COND ARINESS. sek'-kfin-da-re-nes. n. s. "The 
state of beiu? secondary. Norris. 

SE'CONDARY§, sfik'-kun-da-re. a. [secondaire, old 
Fr. ; secundarius, Lat.] Not primary ; not of the 
first intention. Bacon. Succeeding to the first; 
subordinate. Beniley. Not of the first order or 
rate. Benihy. Acting by transmission or deputa- 
tion. Milton. A secondary fever is that which 
817 



SEC 



SED 



OCT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



arises after a crisis, or the discharge of some mor- 
bid matter, as, after the declension of the small- 
pox or measles. Quiiicy. 
SECONDARY, sek'-kun-da-re. n. s. A delegate 3 

a deputy. WarLon. 
SECONDER*, sek'-ktind-ur. n. s. One who sup- 
ports or maintains the proposition or assertion made 
by another. Burke. 
SECONDLY, sek'-kflnd-le. ad. In the second place. 

Ecclus. xxii. 
SECONDRATE, s^k-kfind-rate 7 . n. *. The second 
order in dignity or value. Addison. It is some- 
times used aojectively ; of the second order. Dryden. 
SECRECY, se'-kre-se. n.s. Privacy ; state of being 
hidden, concealment. Shak. Solitude; retire- 
ment ; not exposure to view. Milton. Forbearance 
of discovery. Hooker. Fidelity to a secret 5 taci- 
turnity inviolate ; close silence. Shakspeare. 
SECRET §, se'-kru. 99. a. [secretus, Lat.] Kept hid- 
den ; not revealed ; concealed. Devi. xxix. Re- 
tired; private; unseen. Milton. Faithful to a 
secret intrusted. Shale. Private; affording priva- 
cy. Milton. Occult; not apparent. Milton. Privy; 
obscene. 
SECRET, se'-krft. n. s. [Fr.; secretum, Lat.] Some- 
thing studiously hidden. Ezek. xxviii. A thing 
unknown ; something not yet discovered. Arbuth- 
not. Privacy ; secrecj' ; invisible or undiscover- 
ed state. Prov. ix. 
To SECRET, se'-kr?t. v. a. To keep private. Bacon. 
SECRETARY, sgk'-kre-ta-re. n. s. [secretaire, Fr. ; 
secretarius, low Lat.] One intrusted with the man- 
agement of business ; one who writes for another. 

SECRETARYSHIP, sek'-kre-ta-re-shlp. n.s. The 

office of a secretary. Swift. 
To SECRE'TE$, se-krete'. v. a. [secretus, Lat.] To 
put aside ; to hide. [In the animal economy.] To 
secern ; to separate. 

SECRETION, se-kre'-sh&n. n. s. [old Fr.] That 
agency in the anima! economy that consists in 
separating the various fluids of the body. The fluid 
secreted. 

SECRET1ST, se'-kre-tlst. n. s. A dealer in secrets. 
Bovle. 

SECRETI'TIOUS, sek-re-tish'-fc;. 530. a. Parted 
by animal secretion. Floijei: 

SECRETLY, se'-krit-le. ad. Privately; privily; 
not openly ; not publickly ; with intention not to be 
known. Shak. Latently ; so as not to be obvious ; 
not apparently. Dryden. 

SECRETNESS, se'-kril-nes. n. s. State of being- 
hidden ; privacy ; concealment. Bale. Quality of 
keeping- a secret. Donne. 

SECRETORY. se-kre'-tQr-e. 512. a. Performing the 
office of secretion, or animal separation. Ray. 

SECT§, sekt. n.s. [secte,Fv. ; secto,Lat.] A body of 
men following some particular master, or united in 
some settled tenets. Bacon, [seclus, Lat.] What 
the gardeners of later times call a cutting. SJuik. 

SECTARIAN*, sek-ta'-re-an. a. Belonging to sec- 
taries. Glanvi/le. 

SECTARIANISM*, sek-ta'-re-an-izm. n.s. Secta- 
rism. Daubeny. 

SE'CTARISM, seV-ta-rizm. n.s. Disposition to pet- 
ty sects in opposition to things established. King 
Charles. 

SECTARIST*, sek'-ta-rlst. n.s. A sectary; one 
who divides from publick establishment. Warton. 

SE'CTARY, seV-ta-re. n. s. [sectaire, Fr.] One who 
divides from publick establishment, and joins with 
those distinguished by some particular whims. 
Bacon. A follower ; a pupil. Spenser. 

SECTA'TOR, sgk-ta'-t&r.521. n.s. [Lat.] A follow- 
er ; an itnitator ; a disciple. Raleigh. 

SECTION, seV-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; sectio, Lat.] The 
act of cutting or dividing. Wotton. A part divided 
from the rest. A small and distinct part of a 
writing or book. Hooker. 

SECTOR, sel'-t&r. 166. n. s. [In geometry.] An in- 
strument made of wood or metal, with a joint, and 
sometimes a piece to turn out to make a true square, 



with lines of sines, tangents, secants, equal parts 

rhombs, polygons, hours, latitudes, metals, and 

solids. Harris. 

SECULAR §, seV-ku-lur. 88. a. [secularis, Lat.] Not 

spiritual ; relating to affairs of the present world ; 

not holy ; worldly. Hooker. [In the church of 

j Rome.] Not bound by monastick rules. Temple. 

[seculaire, Fr.] Happening or coming once in a 

} seek, or century. Addison. 

j SECULAR*, sek'-ku-lur. n. s. Not a spiritual per- 
son ; a layman. Hales. An ecclesiastick, in the 
Romish church, not bound by monastick rules. 
SECULA'RITY, sek-ku-lar'-e-te. n. s f [seculariti, 
Fr.] Worldliness; attention to the things of the 
Dresent life. Burnet. 
SECULARIZATION*, sSk-ku-lar-e-za'-shun. n.s. 

Act of secularizing. Chambers. 
To SEC UL ARIZE, sek'-kii-li-rize.v.a^seculariser, 
Fr.] To convert from spiritual appropriations to 
common use. To make worldly. 
SECULARLY, seV-ku.-lfir-le. 'ad. In a worldly 

manner. 
SECULARNESS, seV-ku-l&r-nes. n. s. Worldli- 
ness. 
SECUNDINE, sek'-kun-dine. 149. n.s. [secondines 
Fr.] The membrane in which the embryo is wrap- 
ped; the after-birth. Bacon. 
SECU'RE §, se-kure'. a. [securus, Lat.] Free from 
fear; exempt from terrour; easy ; assured. Milton. 
Confident ; not distrustful. Dryden. Sure ; not 
doubting. Rogers. Careless ; wanting caution ; 
wanting vigilance. Judges. Free from danger; 
safe. Milton. 
To SECU'RE, se-kure'. v. a. To make certain ; to 
put out of hazard ; to ascertain. Milton. To pro- 
tect ; to make safe. Dryden. To ensure. 
SECU'RELY, se-kureMe. ad. Without fear; care- 
less! v. Spenser. Without danger ; safely. Dryden. 
SECU'REMENT, se-kvW-ment. n.s. The cause of 

safety ; protection ; defence. Brown. 
SECU'RENESS*, se-kure'-nes. n.s. Want of vigil- 
ance ; carelessness. Bacon. 
SECURITY, se-ku'-re-te. n.s. [securiti, Fr.; secu- 
ritas, Lat.] Carelessness; freedom from fear. Hay- 
ward. Vitious carelessness ; confidence ; want of 
vigilance. Davies. Protection ; defence. Tillotson. 
Any thing given as a pledge or caution ; ensurance ; 
assurance of any thing ; the act of giving caution, or 
being bound. Acts, xvii. Safelyj certainty. Swift. 
SEDA'N, se-dan'. n. s. A kind of portable coach ; 

a chair : first made at Sedan. Dryden. 
SEDA'TE §, se-date'. a. [sedatus, Lat.] Calm ; quiet; 

still ; unruffled ; undisturbed ; serene. Dniden. 
SEDA'TELY, se-date'-le. ad. Calmly; without dis- 
turbance. Locke. 
SED A'TENESS, se-date'-nes. n. s. Calmness ; tran- 
quillity ; serenity ; freedom from disturbance. Ad- 



SEDA'TION*, se-da'-shun. 

Coles. 
SEDATIVE*, sed'-a-tlv. a. 



\. s. Act of composing. 

[sedatif, Fr.] Assuag- 
ing ; composing. 

SEDENTARINESS, sgd'-den-ta-re-n&s. n. s. The 
state of being sedentary ; inactivity. L. Addison. 

SET)ENTARY$, s^d'-den-ta-re. a. [sedentaire, Fr. ; 
sedentario, Ital. ; sedentarius, Lat.] Passed in sit- 
ting still; wanting motion or action. Harvey. Tor- 
pid ; inactive; sluggish; motionless. Milton. 

3^= We sometimes hear this word with the accent on 
the second syllable ; but I find this pronunciation only in 
Buchanan. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. 
Johnston, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, Bailey, Bar- 
clay, Fenning, Entick, and Smith, place the accent on 
the first syllable. W. 

SEDGE $, seMje. n. s. [j-ec^ 1 , Sax.] A growth of 
narrow flags ; a narrow flag. Sliakspeare. 

SE'DGED*, sgdjd. a. Composed of flags. Shak. 

SETJGY, seW-je. a. Overgrown with narrow flags. 
Shakspeare. 

SE'DIMENT, sed'-e-me'nt. n. s. [Fr. ; sedimenium, 
Lat.] That which subsides or settles at the bottom 



Bacon. 



818 



SEE 



SEE 



ihS, move, nflr, not 5 — lAbe, trtb, brill ; — 6H3 — pound; — thht, this. 



. [Fr. ; st-di/io, Lat.] 
popular commotion ; 



SEDI'TION $, se-d?sh -fin. n. 
A tumult ; an insurrection 5 
an uproar. Shaksj 
SEDFTIONARY*, se-dish -un-a-re. n.s. An in- 
citer to sedition ; a promoter of insurrection. Bp 
Hall. 
SEDITIOUS, se-dlsh'-fis. a. [seditions, Lat.] Fac- 
tious with tumult ; turbulent. Shakspeare. 
SEDITIOUSLY, so-dish'-us-le. ad. Tumultuously 

with factious turbulence. By. Bancroft. 
SEDI'TIOUSNESS, se-dlsh'-us-ues. n.s. Turbu- 
lence ; disposition to sedition. 
To SEDU'CEft, se-duse'. v. a. [seduco, Lat.] To 
draw aside from the right ; 10 tempt; to corrupt 3 
lo deprave ; to mislead ; to deceive. 1 Tim. iv. 
SEDU CEMENT, se-duse' -m^nt. n. s. Practice of 
seduction ; art or means used in order to seduce. 
Milton. 
SEDUCER, se-dtV-sur. 98. n.s. One who draws 
aside from the right ; a tempter ; a corrupter. 
South. 
SEDU CIBLE, se-du'-se-bl. 405. a. Corruptible 5 ca- 
pable of being- drawn aside from the right. Brown. 
SEDUCTION, se-d&k'-shun. n.s. [FV#$ seductus, 
Lat.] The act of seducing; the act of drawing 
aside. Hammond. 
SEDUCTIVE*, se-dfik'-tiv. a. Apt to seduce; 

apt to mislead. Sheridan. 
SEDU'UTY, s^-dtV-le-te. n.s. [sedulitas, Lat.] 
Diligent assiduit}'3 laboriousness 5 industry 3 appli- 
cation; intenseness of endeavour. Hooka: 
SEDULOUS §, sed -u-ltis, or sed'-ju-lus. 293, 294, 
876. (i. [sedulus, Lat.] Assiduous; industrious; la- 
borious; diligent; painful. Milton. 
SE'DLLOUSLY, sfid'-du-lfis-le. ad. Assiduously; 
industriously; laboriously; diligently; painfully. 
Gov. of the Tongue. 
SE'DULOUSNESS, sed'-du-los-nes. n.s. Assidui- 
ty; assiduousness ; industry; diligence. Boyle. 
SEE, see. 246. n. s. [secies, Lat.] The seat of episco- 
pal power ; the diocess of a bishop : formerly, the 
seat of power, in a general sense. Bacon. 
To SEE 9, see. v. a. preter. I saw ; part. pass. seen. 
[peon, Sax. ; sien. Dutch.] To perceive by the 
eye. Shale. To observe; to find. Genesis, xl i . To 
discover; to descry. Shak. To converse with. 
Locke. To attend ; to remark. Addison. 
To SEE, see. v. n. To have the power of sight ; to 
have by the eye perception of things distant. Ex. 
iv. To discern without deception. Tillotson. To 
inquire; to distinguish. Shak. To be attentive. 
Shak. To scheme ; to contrive. Shakspeare. 
To SEE to* To behold ; to look at. Joshua, xxii. 
SEE, see. interjection. Lo! look! observe! behold ! 

Halifax. ' 
SEED$, seed. 246. n.s. [paeb, Sax. ; seed, Dan.; 
saed. Dutch.] The organized particle produced Im- 
plants and animals, "from which new plants and 
animals are generated. Bacon. First principle ; 
original. Hooker. Principle of production. Waller. 
Progeny; offspring; descendants. Locke. Race; 
generation ; birth. Waller. 
To SEED, seed. v. n. To grow to perfect maturity 
so as to shed the seed. Swift. To shed the seed. 
Lute. 
SEE'DCAKE, seed'-kake. n. s. A sweet cake in 

terspersed with warm aromatick seeds. Tusser. 
SEE'DED*. seeded, a. Bearing seed ; covered 
thick with seeds. Fletcher. Interspersed as with 
seeds. B. Jonson. 
SEE'DER*, seed'-ur. n.s. [paebepe, Sax.] One 

who sows. 
SEEDLING, seed'-ling. 410. n. s. A young plant 

just risen from the seed. Evelyn. 
SEE'DLIP, seed'-llrj. I n.s. [rasb-laep, Sax.] A 
SEE'DLOP, seed' -lop. ) vessel in which the sower 

carries his seed. Ainsworih. 
SEE'DNESS, seed'-n£s. n.s. Seedtime; the time of 

sowing. Shakspeare. 
SEE'DPEARL, seed-perl', n.s. Small grains of 

^earl. Boxile. 
E'DPLOT, seed'-plftt. n. s. The ground on which 



plants are sowed to be afterwards transplanted 

B. Jonson. 

SEE'DSMAN, seedz'-man. 88. n.s. The sower.; he 

that scatters the seed. Slutk. One that sells seeds. 

SEE'DTIME, seed'-tlme. n. s. (jfeb-tima, Sax,] 

The seMOn of sowing. Gen. viii. 
SEE'DY, seed'-e. 182. a. Abounding with seed. 
SEEING, soe'-?ng. 410. n.s. Sight; vision. Shak. 
S 1 : 1 . I NG, sce'-mg. ) ad. [from see.] Since : 

SEE'ING that, see'-'fng-'rtiat. $ sith ; it being so 

that. Spenser. 
To SEEK $, seek. v. a. pret. I sought ; part. pass. 
sought, [pecan, Sax.] To look for; to search for. 
Slmkspeare. To solicit ; to endeavour to gain. St. 
Luke, xi. To go to find. Milton. To pursue by 
machinations. I Sam. xxiii. 
To SEEK, seek. 246. v.n. To make search; to 
make inquiry. Is. xxxiv. To endeavour. Milton. 
To make pursuit. Ps. Ixxxvi. To apply to; to 
use solicitation. 1 Kings. To endeavour after. 
Knolles. 
To SEEK, seek, [an adverbial mode of speech.] 
At a loss ; without measures, knowledge, or expe- 
rience. Spenser. 
SEE'KER, seek'-ur. 98. n.s. One that seeks; an in- 
quirer. Glanville. The name of a sect which pro- 
fessed no determinate religion. Bp. Hall. 
SEEKSO'RROW, seek'-s&r-rd. n. s. [seek and stir- 
row.] One who contrives to give himself vexation. 
Sidney. 
To SEEL, seel. 246. v. a. [siller les yeux.] To close 
the eyes : a term of falconry, the eyes of a wild or 
haggard hawk being for a time seeled or closed. 
Sidney. 
To SEEL $, seel. 

side. Raleigh. 
SEEL, seel. ) n. s. The agitation of a ship 

SEE'LING, see'-llng. J in foul weather. Sandys. 
SEEL*, seel. n. s. [psel, Sax.] Season ; time. Kay. 
SEE'LY, see'-te. a. [peli£, Sax.] Lucky 3 happy. 
Spenser. Silly 3 foolish j simple ; inoffensive. 
Spaiscr. 
To SEEM §, seem. 246. v. n. [saeman, Icel. 3 zeimen, 
Germ.] To appear 3 to make a show ; to have 
semblance. Shakspeare. To have the appearance 
of truth. Dryden.. Specious. Sliak. — It seems. 
There is an appearance, though no reality. Black- 
more. It is sometimes a slight affirmation. Addi- 
son. It appears to be. Shakspeare. 
SEE'MER, seem'-fir. 98. n. s. One that carries an 

appearance. Shakspeare. 
SEE'MINGjSeemMag. 410. n.s. Appearance; show; 
semblance. Shak, Fair appearance. Shakspeare 
Opinion. Hooker. 
SEE'MINGLY, seem'-rng-le. ad. In appearance ; is 

show; in semblance. Milton. 
SEE'MINGNESS, seem'-fng-nes. n.s. Plausibility 3 
fair appearance. Digby. Simply, appearance. 
Bp. Taylor. 
SEE'MLESS*, seem'-les. a. Unseemly 3 indecorous 

Spenser. 
SEE'MLILY*, seem'-le-le. ad. Decently j comeJily 

Hidoet. 
SEE'MLINESS, seem'-Je-nes. n. s. Decency 5 hand- 
someness 5 comeliness j grace 5 beauty. Camden. 
SEE'MLY$, seem'-le. 182. a. [soommeligi, Dan.] 

Decent: becoming; proper; fit. Hooker. 
SEE'MLY, seem'-le. ad. In a decent manner 3 in a 



[pyllan, Sax.] To lean on one 



proper manner. Pope. 
SEE'MLYHED*, seem'-le-heU 
ly appearance. Chaucer, 



n. s. Decent, come- 



sEeS) 



seen. 246. a. Skilled 3 versed. Shakspeare. 



SEER, seer. n. s. [repepe, Sax.] One who sees. 
Addison. A prophet 3 one who foresees future 
events. Milton. 

SEER*, seer. a. [saer. Su. Goth.] Several. Ray. 

SEE'RWOOD, seer'-wfid. n.s. See Sear, and 
Sere. 

SEE'SAW, se'-saw. n. s. [from sato.] A reciprocating 
motion. Pope. 

To SEE'SAW, se'-saw. t>s n. To move with a re- 
ciprocating motion. Arhuthnot. 
819 



SEL 










SEM 


ET 559.- 


-Fate 


far, f all, fat;— me, 


met;- 


—pine, pin ; — 



To SEETHE §, seeTH. 246. v. a. preterit I sod or 
seethed; part. pass, sodden. [reoSan, Sax.] To 
boil ; to decoct in hot liquor. 2 Kings, iv. 
To SEETHE, seera. 467. v. n. To be in a state of 

ebullition ; to be hot. Spenser. 
SEE'THER, seeTH'-fir. 93. n. s. A boiler; a pot. 

Dryden. 
SEG*, s%. n. s. [recS, Sax.] Sedge. Barret. 
SEGA'R*, se-gar ; . n. s. [cigarro, Span.] A little roll 
of tobacco, which the Spaniards smoke without a 
pipe. Twiss. 
SE'GMENT, se^-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; segmentum, Lat.] 
A figure contained between a chord and an arch 
of the circle, or so much of the circle as is cut off 
by that, chord. Brawn. 
SE'GNITY, seg'-ne-te. ) n. s. [segnitas, Lat.] 

SE'GNITUDE*, seg'-ne-tude. ) Sluggishness; in- 
activity. Did. 
To SEGREGATE §, seg'-gre-gate. v. a. [segrego, 
Lat. ; segreger, Fr.] To set apart; to separate 
from others. Shenoood. 
SEGREGATE*, seg'-gre-gate. part. a. Select. 

Wotton. 
SEGREGATION, seg-gre-ga'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 

Separation from others. Shakspeare. 
SE'IGNEURIAL, se-nu'-re-al. 250. a. Invested with 

large powers ; independent. Temple. 
SE'IGNIOR§, sene'-yur. 166. n. s. [senior, Lat.; 
seigneur, Fr. ; signore, Ital.] A lord. The title of 
honour given by Italians, feee Signior. 
SEFGNIORY, sene'-yfir-re. 113. n. s. [seigneurie, 

Fr.] A lordship ; a territory. Spenser. 
SETGNORAGE, sene'-yur-idje. 90. n. s. [seigneu- 
riage, Fr.] Authority; acknowledgement of pow- 
er. Locke. 
To SE IGNORIZE, sene'-yur-ize. v. a. To lord 

over. Fairfax. 
SEINE §, sene. n. s. [■pex'ne, Sax. ; seine, Fr.] A net 

used in fishing. See Sean. Carew. 
SE'INER, se'-nur. n. s. A fisher with nets. Carew. 
SETZABLE*, se'-za-bl. a. That may be seized ; 

liable to be seized. 
To SEIZE §, seze. 250. v. a. [saisir, Fr. ; seisia, 
Arm.] To take hold of; to gripe ; to grasp. Mil- 
ton. To take possession of by force. Milton. To 
take possession of; to lay hold on; to invade sud- 
denly. Pope. To take forcible possession of by 
law. Camden. To make possessed ; to put in pos- 
session of. Spenser. To fasten ; to fix. Spenser. 
To SEIZE, seze. v. n. To fix the grasp or the 

power on any thing. 
SE'IZER*, se"'-zur. n. s. One who seizes. 
SEIZIN, or SE'ISIN, ss'-zln. n. s. [saisine, Fr.] Is 
of two sorts : seisin in fact, and seisin in law. Sei 
sin in fact, is when a corporal possession is taken : 
seisin in law, is when something is done which the 
law accounteth a seisin ; as an enrolment. This is 
as much as a right to lands and tenements, though 
the owner be by wrong disseized of them. Cowel. 
The act of taking possession. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
The things possessed. Hale. 
SEIZURE, se'-zluire. 450. n. s. The act of seizing. 
The thing seized. Milton. The act of taking forci- 
ble possession. Slia/c. Gripe ; possession. Shale. 
Catch. Watts. 
SE'JANT. a. fin heraldry.] Sitting. 
SEJU'NGIBLE*, se-jun'-je-bl. a. [sejungo, Lat.] 

Capable of being separated. Pearson. 
SEJU'NCTION*, se-jungk'-shun. n. s. [sejunctio, 
Lat.] The act of disjoining, or separating'. Pear- 
son. 
SEKE*. seek. a. [jeoc, Sax.] Sick. Cliaucer. 
SE'LCOUTHjSeT-koStfi. a. [ r elb, Sax. and couth.] 

Rarely known: uncommon. Spenser. 
SE'LDOM §, sef-dum. 166. ad. [ r elban, Sax.] Rare- 
ly ; not often ; not frequently. Hooker. 
SE'LDOM*, sel'-dum. a. Rare ; not frequent. 

Milton. 
SE'LDOMNESS, seV-dam-nSs. n.s. Uncommon- 

ness; infrequencv; rareness; rarity. Hooker. 
SE'LDSHOWN, seld'-shone. a. [seld and shown.] 
JBeldom exhibited to view. Shakspeare. 



Pertaining to sel- 



To SELE'CT§, se-lekt'. v. a. [selectus, Lat.] To 

choose in preference to others rejected. Knotles. 
SELE'CT, se-lekt'. a. Nicely chosen ; choice ; culled 

out on account of superiour excellence. Milton. 
SELECTION, se-lek'-shun. n. s. [selectio, Lat.] The 

act of culling or choosing; choice. Brown 
SELE'CTNESS, se-lekt'-nes. n.s. The state of be- 
ing select. 
SELE'CTOR, se-lek'-tur. 166. n. s. One who selects. 
SE'LENITE*, sel'-e-nlte. )n.s. [selenites, Lat.l 
SELENFTES*, sel-e-nF-tez. ] A sort of fossil. Bp. 

Nicholson. 
SELENFTICK*, sel-e-nltMlk. 

enites. Chambers. 
SELENOGRATHICAL, sel-le-n6-graf-e-kal. ) 
SELENOGRA'PHICK, sel-le-n6-graf-lk. \ a - 

Belonging to selenography. 
SELENOGRAPHY, sel-Ie-nog'-graf-e. 518. n. s. 
[selenographie, Fr.; atXijvri and ypa^u, Gr.] A de- 
scription of the moon. Brown. 
SELF §, self, pronoun, plur. selves, [silba, Got hick ; 
]*ylp, yylpa, Sax.; self, selve, Dutch.] Its pri- 
mary signification seems to be that of an adjective : 
very; particular; this above others; sometimes, 
one's own. Shak. It is united both to the personal 
pronouns, and to the neutral pronoun it, and is al- 
ways added when they are used reciprocally, or 
return upon themselves : as, I did not hurt him, he 
hurt himself; The people hiss me, but 1 clap my- 
self Milton. It is sometimes used emphatically in 
the nominative case : as, Myself will decide it. 
Compounded with him, a pronoun substantive, self 
is, in appearance, an adjective : joined to my, Wiy, 
our, your, pronoun adjectives, it seems a substan- 
tive. Milton. Myself, himself, themselves, and the 
rest, may, contrary to the analogy of my, him, 
them, be used as nominatives. Dryden. It often 
adds only emphasis and force to the pronoun with 
which it is compounded : as, He did it himself. It 
signifies the individual, as subject to his own con- 
templation or action. Spenser. It is much used in 
composition : as, selfAove, self-evident, &c. 
SE'LFHEAL, self -heel. n. s. A plant. 
SE'LFISH, self -5sh. a. Attentive only to one's own 

interest ; void of regard for others. Addison. 
SELFISHLY, self -Ish-le. ad. With regard only to 

his own interest ; without love of others. Pope. 
SE'LFISHNESS, self -ish-nes. n. s. Attention to his 
own interest, without any regard to others ; self- 
love. Boyle. 
SE'LFNESS*, self-nes. n. 

Sidney. 
SE'LFSAME, self-same. a. Exactly the same. 

Hooker. 
SE'LION. n.s. [se/io, low Lat.] A ridge of land. 

Ainsworth. 
SELL, pronoun, [for self] B. Jonson. 
SELL. n.s. [selle, Fr. ; sella, Lat. J A saddle. Spen- 
ser. A royal seat; a throne. Fairfax. A sill. 
See Sill. 
To SELL§, seU v. a. [j-yllan, reellan, Sax. ; sella, 
Icel.] To give for a price : the word correlative to 
buy ; to vend. Gen. xxxvii. To betray for money : 
as, He sold his country. Sfuxkspeai-e. 
To SELL, sell. v. n. To have commerce or traffick 

with one. Shak. To be sold. Addison. 
SE'LLANDER, sel'-lan-dur. 98. n.s. A dry scab in 

a horse's hough or pastern. Ainsworth. 
SE'LLER, sef-lur. 98. n. s. The person that sells ; 

vender. Shaksjjeare. 
SE'LVAGE*. ^.vfoie 90 5 *■ s \ [edge, and 
SE'LVEDGE §*, \ J ? perhaps salvm, 

Lat.] The edge of cloth where it is closed by com- 
plicating the threads. Exod. xxvi. 
SE'LVEDGED*, sel'-vldj'd. a. Hemmed; border- 
ed; welted. Cotgrave. 
SELVES, selvz. The plural of self. Locke. 
SE'MBLABLE§, sem'-bla-bl. 405. a. [Fr.] Like; 

resembling. Shakspeare. 
SE MBLABLY, sem'-bla-ble. ad. With resemblance. 

Shakspeare. 
SE'MBLANCE, sem'-blanse. n. s. [Fr.] Liltenew ; 
820 



Self-love ; selfishness. 



SEM 



SEN 



-no, move, ndr, nAt ;— tube, tub, bull ; — -riil ;— pdund ;—th'm, THis. 



Slui/c. 



nblance; similitude; representation 
Appearance ; show ; figure. S^nser. 

SE'MBLANT $, sem'-blant. a. [FY.] Like ; resem- 
bling-; having the appearance of any thing. 
Prior. 

SE'MBLANT, sem'-blant. n.s. Show; figure; re- 
semblance ; representation. Spenser. Ob. J. 

BB MBLATIYE, senv-bla-fiv. 612. a. Suitable; ac- 
commodate ; fit ; resembling. Shakspeare. 

To SE'MBLE. sem'-bl. 405. V. n. [sembler, Fr.] To 
represent; to make a likeness. Prior. 

SEMI, sem'-me. 182. n. s. [Lat.] A word which. 
used in composition, signifies half: as, semicircle, 
half a circle. 

SEMIA NNULAR, sem-me-an'-nu-lar. a. [semi and 
anmdi/s.] Half round. Grew. 

SE MIBREVE*. sem'-me-breev. ) n. s. [semibreve. 

SE MIBRIEF, sem'-me-bref. \ Fr.] A note of 
half the quantity of a breve, containing two min- 
ims, four crotchets. Sec. Mas. Diet. 

SEMICIRCLE, sem'-me-ser-kl. n. s. [semicirculus, 
Lat.] A half round ; part of a circle divided by 
the diameter. Shakspeare. 

SEMKTRCLED. sem-me-serMdd. ) 88, 359. 

SEMICI RCULAR, sem-me-seV-ku-lar. \ a. Half 
round. Sliakspeai'e. 

SEMICO'LON. sem-me-k6'-lon. n.s. [semi, and kw- 
Xor.] Haifa colon; a point made thus [;] to note 
a greater pause than that of a comma. Louih. 

SEMIDLVMETER, sem-me-di-am'-e-tOr. 98. n.s. 
[semi, and diameter.] Half the line which, drawn 
through the centre of a circle, divides it into two 
equal parts; a straight line drawn from the cir- 
cumference to the centre of a circle. More. 

SEMIDI APH AN E'lT Y, sem-me-dl-a-fa-ne'-e-te. 
n. s. [semi, and diaphaneity.] Half transparency ; 
imperfect transparency. Boyle. 

SEMIDIA'PHANOUS, sem-me-dl-af-fa-nfis. a. 
Half transparent; imperfectly transparent. Wood- 
icard. 

SE MIDOUBLE, sem'-me-dub-bl. n. s. [In the 
Romish breviary.] Such offices and feasts as are 
celebrated with less solemnity than the double ones, 
but vet with more than the single ones. Baileii. 

SEMIFLO'SCULOUS,sem-m£fl6s'-ku-lus. a. [semi 
andjlnscirtus, I, at.] Having a semifioret. Bailen. 

SEMIFLORET.sem'-me-flo-ra. n.s. [Among flo- 
rists.] A half flourish, which is tubulous at the be- 
ginning like a floret, and afterwards expanded in 
the form of a tongue, Bailei/. 

SEMIFLU'ID, sem-me-flu'-?d. a. Imperfectlv fluid. 
Arbnthnot. 

SEMILUNAR, sem-me-lu'-nar. 88. ) a. [scmilu- 

SEMILU NARY, sem-me-lu'-na-re. S naire, Fr. ; 
semi and ham., Lat.] Resembling in form a half 
moon. Sir T. Herbert. 

SE'MIMETAL, sfim'-me-met-tl. n.s. Half metal ; 
imperfect metal. Hill. 

SE'MINAL, sem'-e-nal. 88. a. [seminal. Fr. ; seminis, 
Lat.] Belonging to seed. Contained in the seed : 
radical. Glanville. 

SE'MIN AL*, sem'-e-nal. n. s. Seminal state. Brown. 
Ob. T. 

SEMINA'LITY, sem-e-ntl'-e-te. n.s. The nature 
of seed. Brown. The power of being produced. 
Brmcn. 

SEMINARIST*, sem'-e-na-r?st. n. s. A Romish 

priest educated in a seminary. SJieldon. 
To SEOIIN ARIZE*, sem'-e-na-rke. v. a. To sow 
or plant. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

SEMINARY, sem'-e-na-re. 512. n. s. [semrnaire, 
Fr. ; seminarinm. Lat.] The ground where any 
thing is sown to be afterwards transplanted ; seed- 
plot. Mortimer. The place or original slock 
whence any thing is brought. Woodward. Sem- 
inal state. Brown. Principle ; casuality. Harvey. 
Breeding-place ; place of education, from whence 
scholars are transplanted into life. Bacon. A Ro- 
mish priest educated in a seminary ; a seminarist. 
B. Jonson. 

*?E'MINARY*, sem'-e-na-re. a. Seminal ; belonging 
to seed. Smith. 



SEMINA'TION, sem-e-na'-shun. n.s. The act of 
sowing ; the act of dispersing. Wotton. 

SE MINED*. scnV-ind. a. Thick covered as with 
--erds. B. Jonson. 

SE.MIM'FICAL, sem-e-nW-e-kal. ) a. [semen and 

SKMINl'FICK,sem-e-nlf-ik. 509. $ facio, Lat.] 
Productive of seed. Brmcn. 

SEMIN IFICA'TION, sem-e-nif-e-ka'-shun. n. s. The 
propagation from the seed or seminal parts. Hale. 

SKMIOpA'COUS, sftm-me-i-pa'-kus. a. [semi and 
opacus, Lat.] Half dark. Boyle. 

SEMIO'RDINATE, seni-me-fir'-de-nite. n. s. [In 
conick sections.] A line drawn at right angles to, 
and bisected by, the axis, and reaching from one 
side of the section to another; the half of which is 
properly the semiordinate, but is now called the or- 
di/nUe. Harris. . 

SEMIPE DAL, se-mV-e-dal. 518. [sem-me-pe'-dal, 
Shetidan and Perry.] a. [semi and pedis, Lat.] 
Containing half a foot. 

SEMIPELLU'CID. sem-me-pel-!u'-sld. a. [semi and 
pellucidus, Lat.] Hall' clear ; imperfectly transpa- 
rent. Woodward. 

SEMIPERSPI'CUOUS, sem-me-per-sp?k'-u-us. a. 
[semi and perspicnus, Lat.] Half transparent; im- 
perfectly clear. Grew. 

SE M1PROOF, sem'-me-prodf. n.s. The proof of a 
single evidence. Bailey. 

SEMIQUA'DRATE, sem-me-kwa'-drat. 91. > , 

SEMIQUA'RTILE, sem-me-kwar'-ul. 140. S '■ 
An aspect of the planets when distant from each 
other forty-five degrees, or one sign and a half. 
Bailey. 

SEMIQUA'VER, sem'-me-kwa-ver. n.s. [In mu- 
sick.] A note containing half the quantity of the 
quaver. Bailey. 

SEMIQUI'NTILE, sem-me-kwin'-tfl. 140. n. s. Ai 
aspect of the planets when at the distance of thirty 
sis degrees from one another. Bailey. 

SEMISE'XTILE, sem-me-seks'-dl. 140. n. s. } 
semisixlh ; an aspect of the planets when they aiv, 
distant from each other one-twelfth part of a circk 
or thirty degrees. Bailey. 

SEMISPHE'RICAL, sem-me-sfeY-re-kal. 88. a. Be 
longing to half a sphere. Bailey. 

SEMISFHERO'IDAL, sem-me-sfe-rold'-al. a. 
Formed like a half spheroid. 

SEMITE RTIAN. sem-me-teV-shun. n. s. An ague 
compounded of a tertian and a quotidian. Ar- 
bnthnol. 

SE'MITONE, seW-me-tc-ne. n. s. [semiton, Fr.] [In 
musick.] One of the degrees of concinnous inter- 
vals of concords. Bailey. 

SEMFTRA'NSEPT* seni-me-traii'-sept. n.s. The 
half of a transept. Wa7ion. 

SEMIVO'WEL, sem'-me-v6u-ll. n.s. [semi, a«d 
vowel.] A consonant which makes an imperfect 
sound, or does not demand a total occlusion of the 
mouth. Broome. 

SE'MPERVIVE, sem'-pur-vlve. n. s. [semper and 
virus, Lat.] A plant. Bacon.. 

SEMPITERNAL ^sem-pe-teV-nal. a. [sempilernel, 
Fr. ; sempitenms, Lat.] Eternal in futurity ; hav- 
ing beginning, but no end. Hale. In poetry it is 
used siniplv for eternal. Blackmore. 

SEMPITE'RNLTY, sem-pe-uV-ne-te. n.s. [sempi 
tei-niias, Lat.] Future duration without end. Mir. 
ror for Magistrates. 

SE'MSTER* sem'-stur. n. s. [yeamj-tpe, Sax.] 
One who sews, or uses a needle ; a sort of tailor. 
Bosicell. 

SE'MSTRESS, sem'-stres. 515. n.s. [ r eam r tpe, 
Sax. See Seamstress.] A woman whose business 
is to sew ; a woman who lives by her needle. 
Swift. Often written sempstress. 

IeNS* sens \ ad " Since " See SlNCE - Spensei'. 

SE'N ARY, sen'-na-re. [See Granary.] a. [sena- 
rins, sent, Lat.] Belonging to the number six ; con- 
taining six. 

SE'NATE $, sen'-nat. 91. n.s. [senatus, Lat. ; semi, 
Fr. ; renafc, Sax.] An assembly of counsellors ; a 
J 821 



SEN 



SEN 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin j— 



body of men set apart to consult for the publick 
good. Shakspeare. 

SENATEH0USE,sen'-nat-h6us. n.s. Place of pub- 
lick council. Slmkspeare. 

SENATOR, sen'-na-tfir. 166. n. s. [Lat.] A pub- 
lick counsellor. Shakspeare. 

SENATORIAL, sgn-na-tcV-re-aJ. ) a. [senatorius, 

SENATO'RIAN, sen-na-td'-re-an. ) Lat.] Belong- 
ing to senators} befitting senators. Johnson. 

SENATO'RIALLY*, sen-na-t6 / -re-al-le. ad. In a 
solemn manner ; in a way becoming a senator. 
Drummond. 

SENATORSHIP*, s3n'-na-tfir-sh!p. n. s. The of- 
fice or dignity of a senator. Carew. 

To SEND§, send. v. a. pret. and part. pass. sent. 
[j-enban, Sax. ; senden, Dutch.] To despatch from 
one place to another : used both of persons and 
things. Esther, vni. To commission by aulliorit}' 
to go and act. Jer. xxiii. To transmit by another ; 
not to bring. Acts, xi. To dismiss another as 
agent; not. to go. Milton. To grant as from a dis- 
tant place : as, if God send life. Gen. xxiv. To 
inflict, as from a distance. Deut. xxviii. To 
emit', toimmit; to produce. Bacon. To diffuse; 
to propagate^ Milton. To let fly ; to cast or shoot. 

To SEND, slnd. v. n. To despatch a message. 
Kings. — To send for. To require by message to 
come, or cause to be brought. Bacon. 

SENDAL*, seV-dal. n. s. [cendalum, low Lat. ; cen- 
dal, Fr. and Span.] A sort of thin silk. Clmucer. 

SENDER, send'-ur, 98. n. s. He that sends. Shak- 
speare. 
SENE'SCENCE, se-neV-sense. 510. n.s. [senesco, 
Lat.] The state of growing old ; decay by time. 
Woodward, 
SENESCHAL, sen'-nes-kal.^ [seV-neVkal, Jones, 
Fulton and Knight ; seV-nes-shal, Perry,] n. s. 
[seneschal, Fr.] One who had in great houses the 
care of feasts, or domestick ceremonies. Carew. It 
afterwards came to signify other offices. Spenser. 

fyCr" Dr. Kenrick. pronounces the c.h in this word like sh ; 
but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, and Barclay, 
like k. As the word does not come from the learned 
languages, 352, if usage were equal, I should prefer 
Dr. Kenrick's pronunciation. The rest of our orthoe- 
pists either have not the word, or do not mark the sound 
of these letters. W. 

SENGREEN, sen'-green. n. s. A plant. 

SENILE §, se'-nlle. 140. a. [senilis, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to old age ; consequent on old age. Boyle. 

SENFLITY*, se-nil'-e-le. n. s. [scniliter, Lai.] Old 
age. Bosuvll. 

SENIOR §, se'-ne-ur, or sene'-yfir. 113. n. s. [Lat.] 
One older than another ; one who, on account of 
longer time, has some superiority. Whitgift. An 
aged person. Dry den. 

SENIORITY, se-ne-or'-e-te. n.s. Eldership; priori- 
ty of birth. Gov. of the Tongue. 

SENIORY*, se'-ne-6-re, or sene'-yfir-e. n. s. Seni- 
ority. 

SENNA, seV-na. 92. n. s. [sena, Lat.] A physical 
tree. Miller. 

SENNIGHT, sen'-nlt. 144. n. s. [contracted from 
sevennight.] The space of seven nights and days; 
a week. ShaJcspeare. 

SENO'CULAR, se-nok'-ku-lar. a. [seni and oculus, 
Lat.] Having six eyes. Derham. 

SENSATED*, seV-sa-teU part. a. Perceived by 
the senses. Hooke. 

SENSATION, sen-sa'-shun. n. s. [Fr.; sensatio, 
school Lat.] Perception by means of the senses. 
Glanvilk. 

SENSED, sense. 427,431. rt.s. [sens, Fr.; sensus, 
Lat.] Faculty or power by which external objects 
are perceived; the sight; touch; hearing; smell 5 
taste. Davies. Perception by ihe senses; sensa- 
tion. Bacon. Perception of intellect; apprehen- 
sion of mind. Sidney. Sensibility ; quickness or 
keenness of perception. Sliak. Understanding; 
soundness of faculties; strength of natural reason. 
Shak. Reason; reasonable meaning. Dryden. 
Opinion ; notion; judgement. Roscommon. Con- 



sciousness ; conviction. Dryden. Moral perception. 

L' Estrange. Meaning; import. Hooker. 
SENSED, seW. part. Perceived by the senses 

Glanville. Ob. J. 
SENSEFUL, sens'-ful. a. Reasonable; judicious 

Spenser. Oh. J. 
SENSELESS, sens'-les. a. Wanting sense ; want 
ing life ; void of all life or perception. Spenser. Ui> 
feeling; wanting sympathy. Rowe. Unreasona- 
ble; stupid; doltish; blockish. Bp. Taylor. Con- 
trary to true judgement; contrary to reason. 
South. Wanting sensibility; wanting quickness 
or keenness of perception. Peacham. Wanting 
knowledge ; unconscious. Dryden. 
SENSELESSLY, sens'-les-le. ad. In a senseless 

manner; stupidly; unreasonably. Locke. 
SENSELESSNESS, sens'-les-nSs. n. s. Folly; un- 
reasonableness; absurdity; stupidity. Hales. 
SENSIBFLITY, sen-se-bil'-e-te. n.s. [sensibilile , 
Fr.] Sensibleness; perception. Pearson. Quick- 
ness of sensation. Quickness of perception ; deli- 
cacv. Addison. 
SENSIBLE, sen'-se-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; sensilis, Lat.] 
Having the power of perceiving by the senses. 
Shak. Perceptible by the senses. Hooker. Per- 
ceived by the mind. Temple. Perceiving by either 
mind or senses; having perception oy the mind or 
senses. Dryden. Having moral perception ; hav- 
ing the quality of being affected by moral good or 
ill. Shak. Having quick intellectual feeling; be- 
ing easily or strongly affected. Dryden. Convinc- 
ed ; persuaded. Addison. Reasonable ; judicious ; 
wise. Addison. 
SENSIBLE*, sen'-se-bl. n. s. Sensation : a poetical 
conversion of the adjective into the substantive. 
Milfoil. Whatever is perceptible around us. More. 
SE'NSIBLENESS, seV-se-bl-nes. n. s. Possibility to 
be perceived by the senses. Hallyy)ell. Quickness 
of perception ; sensibility. Sliarp. Painful conscious- 
ness. Hammond. Judgement ; reasonableness. 
SENSIBLY, sen'-se-ble\ ad. Perceptibly to the 
senses. Shak. With perception of either mind or 
body. Externally; by impression on the senses. 
Hooker. With quick intellectual perception. Mil- 
ton. Judiciously; reasonably. 
SENSITIVE, sen'-se-tfv. 157. a. [sensitif, Fr.] Hav- 
ing sense or perception, but not reason. Hammond. 
SENSITIVE Plant, sen'-se-tfv-plant. n. s. A plant. 
Of this plant the humble plants are a species, which 
are so called, because, upon being touched, the ped- 
icle of their leaves falls downward ; but the leaves 
of the sensitive plant are only contracted. Miller. 
SENSITIVELY, sen'-se-tlv-le. ad. In a sensitive 

manner. Hammond. 
SENSO'RIUM, sen-s6'-re-um. \n. s. [Lat.] The 
SE'NSORY, sen'-so-re. 557. $ part where the 
senses transmit their perceptions to the mind ; the . 
seat of sense. Baton. Organ of sensation. Bentley. 
SENSUAL §, seV-shu-al. 452. a. [sensuel, Fr.] Con- 
sisting in sense; depending on sense; affecting the 
senses. Pope. Pleasing to the senses; carnal ; not 
spiritual. Hooker. Devoted to sense ; lewd; luxu- 
rious. Milton. 
SENSUALIST, sen'-shu-al-ist. n. s. A carnal per 

son ; one devoted to corporal pleasures. South. 
SENSUALITY, sen-shu-al'-e-te. n. s. [sensualite, 
Fr.J Devotedness to the senses; addiction to brutal 
and corporal pleasures. South. 
To SENSUALIZE, seV-shu-a-llze. v. a. To sink 
to sensual pleasures ; to degrade the mind into sub 
jeclion to the senses. Norris. 
SENSUALLY, sen'-shu-al-e. ad. In a sensual man- 
ner. Davies. 
SENSUOUS, sen'-shu-fis. 452. a. SensuaJ. Milton. 

Ob. J. 
SENT, sent. The participle passive of send. Ezra, vn 
SENTENCE §, sen' -tense, n.s. [Fr. ;sententia, Lat. J 
Determination or decision, as of a judge, civil or 
criminal Hooker. It is usually spoken of condem- 
nation pronounced by the judge; doom. Bacon 
A maxim; an axiom, generally moral. Dan. v. A 
short paragraph; a period in writing. Lowth. 
822 



SEP 



SEP 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tiShe, tab, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ;— */<in, THis. 



Comprising 1 sen- 



7',- SENTENCE, sen'-tinse. w.a. [wntewie/-, Fr.] 

To pass the last judgement on any one. Mi/ion. 
To condemn ; to doom to punishment. Dnjilcn. 
To relate, or express, in a short and cnergetick 
way. Felt ham. 

SENTENTIAL*, sen-ten'-shaJ 
lences. Aim. Neuxome. 

SENTENTKTSITY^en-ten-she-ds'-e-te. n.s. Com- 
prehension in a sentence. Brown. 

SENTENTIOUS, sen-ien'-sl.Os. 292, 314. a. [sen- 
tencieux. Fr.] Abounding with sentences, axioms, 
and maxims, short and energetick. Sliuk. Com- 
prising sentences. Grew. 

SENTENTIOUSLY, sen-ten'-shus-Ie. ad. In short 
sentences ; with striking brevity. Bacon. 

SENTE'NTIOUSNESS, sen-ten'-shus-nes. n. s. 
Pithiness of sentences; brevity with strength. Dry- 
den. 

SE NTERY, sen'-ter-e. n.s. [commonly written sen- 
tnj, corrupted from sentinel.] One who is set to 
watch in a garrison, or in the outlines of an army. 
Milton. 

SENTIENT, sen'-she-ent. 542. a. [sentiens, Lat.] 



Perceiving; having perception. Hale 
SE'NTIENT, sen'-she-ent. n. s. H< 



ception. Glanvute. 
SENTIMENT 9, sen'-te-ment. 



He that has per- 



n. s. [Fr.] Thought ; 
notion; opinion. Locke. The sense, considered dis- 
tinctly from the language or things; a striking sen- 
tence in a composition. Dennis. Sensibility; feel- 
ing. Slieridan, 

SENTIME NTAL*, sen-te-ment'-al. a. Abounding 
with sentiment; expressing quick intellectual feel- 
ing ; affecting sensibility, in a contemptuous sense. 
Slienstone. 

SENTIMENTALITY*, sen-te-men-tal'-e-te. n. s. 
Affectation of fine feeling or exquisite sensibility. 
Warton. 

SENTINEL, sen'-te-nel. n. s. [sentinelle, Fr. ; from 
sentio, Lat.] One who watches or keeps guard to 
prevent surprise. Shak. Watch ; guard; the duty 
of a sentinel. Herbert. 

SE'NTRY. sen'-tre. n. s. [corrupted from sentinel.] 
A watch ; a sentinel ; one who watches in a garri- 
son, or army, ^o keep them from surprise. Shak. 
Guard ; watch ; the dutv of a sentry. Brown. 

SEPARABILITY, sgp-par-a-bil'-e-te. n.s. The 
quality of admitting disunion or discerption. Glar\- 
ville. 

SEPARABLE, sep'-par-a-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; separa- 
bilis, Lat.] Susceptive of disunion ; discerptible. 
Arbuthnot. Possible to be disjoined from some- 
thing. Locke. 

SETARABLENESS, sep'-par-a-bl-n^s. n. s. Capa- 
bleness of being' separated. Boyle. 

To SETARATE$, sep' -par-ate. v. a. [separo, Lat. ; 
separer, Fr.] To break ; to divide into parts. To 
disunite; to disjoin. Shak. To sever from the rest. 
Boyle. To set apart; to segregate. Acts, xiii. To 
withdraw. Gen. xiii. 

To SE'PARATE, sep'-par-ate. $ «• To part ; to 
be disunited. Locke. 

SEPARATE, sep'-par-at. 91. a. Divided from the 
rest ; parted from another. Burnet. Disjoined ; 
withdrawn. Milton. Secret; secluded. Dryden. 
Disunited from the body ; disengaged from corpo- 
real nature. Locke. 

SETARATELY, sep'-par-at-le. ad. Apart; singly; 
not in union ; distinctly ; particularly. Bacon. 

SE'PARATENESS, sep'-par-at-nes. n.s. The state 
of being separate. Meue. 

SEPARATION, sep-par-a'-shfin. n. s. [separatio, 
Lat.] The act of separating ; disjunction. Abbot. 
The state of being separate ; disunion. Bacon. 
The chymical analysis, or operation of disuniting 
things mingled. Bacon. Divorce; disjunction from 
a married stale. Sliakspeare. 

SEPARATIST, sep'-par-a-tfst. n.s. [separative, 
Fr.] One who divides from the church ; a schismat- 
ick ; a seceder. Bacon. 

SEPARATOR, sep'-par-a-tur. 521. n. s. One who 
divides ; a divider. 



SE PARATORY, sep'-par-a-tur-e. 512. a. Used m 

separation. Cheyne. 
SE'PILIBLBy sep'-pfl-e-bl. a. [sepio, Lai.] That 

may be buried. Bailey. 
SKTIMKNT, sep'-pe-ment. n.s. [sqrimentum, Lat.] 

A hedge; a fence. Lively Oracles, Sec. (1678.) 
To SEPO'SE*, se-pize'. v. a. [sepono 7 sepositus, 

I. at.] To set apart. Donne. 
SEPOSFTION, sep-pd-zlsh'-un. 530. n.s. The act 

of setting apart; segregation. Bp. Taylor. 
SE'POY* se'-poe. n. s. [sipah, Pers.] An Indian 

native who is a soldier in the infantry of the East 

Indian Company. 
SEPS*,s&ps. n.s. [Lat.] A kind of venomous eft. 
SEPT, sCpt. n. s. [septum, Lat.] A clan ; a race ; a 

family ; a generation, used only with regard or al- 
lusion to Ireland. Spenser. 
SEPTA'NGULAR, sep-lang'-gii-lar. a. [Remand 

angnlus, Lat.] Having seven comers or sides. 
SEPTE'MBER, sep-tem'-bfir. n.s. [Lat.] The ninth 

month of the year; the seventh from March. Pea- 

chatn. 
SETTENARY, sep'-ten-ar-e. 512. a. [septenarius, 

Lat.] Consisting of seven. Hakewill. 
SEPTENARY, sep'-ten-nar-e. n.s. The number 

seven. Brown. 
SEPTENNIAL, sep-ten'-ne-al. 113. a. [septennis, 

Lat.] Lasting seven years. Burke. Happening 

once in seven years. Howell. 
SEPTENTRION, sep-ten'-tre-un. n. s. [Fr.; 

septentrio, Lat.l The north. Sliakspeare. 
SEPTENTRION, sep-ten'-tre-un. > a. [septen- 

SEPTE'NTRIONAL.sep-ten'-tre-un-al. \ trionalis, 

Lat.] Northern. Sir E. Sandys. 
SEPTENTRIONA'LITY, sep-ten'-tre-un-al'-e-te. 

71.S. Northerliness. 
SEPTENTRIONALLY, sep-ten'-tre-un-al-le. ad. 

Towards the north ; northerly. Brown. 
To SEPTENTRION ATE, sep-teV-tre-6-nate. 91. 

v. n. To tend northerly. Brown. 
SETTICAL, sep'-te-kal. )a. [a^medc.] Having: 
SE'PTIOK*, sep'-tlk. ) power to promote or 

produce putrefaction. Brown. 
SEPTILATERAL, sep-te-lat'-ter-al. a. [septem and 

latens, Lat.l Having seven sides. Brown. 
SEPTUA GEN ARY, sep-tshu-ad'-je-na-re. 463, 

528. a. [septuagenarius, Lat.] Consisting of seven- 
ty. Brown. 
SEPTUAGESI31A*, sep-tshu-a-jes'-se-ma. n. s. 

[Lat.] The third Sunday before Lent. 
SEPTUAGE'SIMAL, sSp-tshu-a-jes'-se-mal. a. 

[septuagesimus, Lat.] Consisting of seventy. Brown. 
SE PTUAGINT, sepMshu-a-jint. 463. n. s. [septua- 

ginta, Lat.] The old Greek version of the Old Tes- 
tament, so called as being supposed the work of 

seventy-two interpreters. Burnet. 
SEPTUPLE, sep'-tu-pl. 405. a. [sepiuplex, Lat.] 

Seven times as much : a technical term. 
SEPULCHRAL, se-pfll'-kral. a. [sepulchralis, Lat.] 

Relating to burial ; relating to the grave ; monu- 
mental. Donne. 
SE'PULCHRE §, sep'-pul-kfir. 416, 177. n. s. [sepul- 

cre, Fr. ; sepulchrum, Lat.] A grave ; a tomb. Shak. 

$3= I consider this word as having altered its original ac- 
cent on the second syllable either by the necessity or 
caprice of the poets, or by its similitude to the general- 
ity of words of this form and number of syllables, 503, 
which generally have the accent on the first syllable. 
Dr. Johnson tells us it is accented by Shakspeare and 
Milton on the second syllable, but by Jonson and Prior, 
more properly, on the first, and, he might have added, as 
Shakspeare has sometimes done: 
"Ah me I this sight of death is as a bell 
" That warns my old age to its sepulchre." 

Shakspeare. 
" Go to thy lady's grcve, and call her thence ; 
" Or, at the least, in hers sepulchre thine." 

Shakspeare. 
" 1 am glad to see that time survive, 
" Where merit ia not sepulchred alive." 

Ben Jonson. 
" Thou so sepulchred in such pomp dost lie, 
" That kings for such a tomb would wish to die." 

Milton. 



SER 


















SER 


03* 


559.- 


-Fate, 


far, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, 


mel; 


—pine 


pin;— 



To accent this word on the second syllable, as Shak- 
speare and Milton have done, is agreeable to a very gen- 
eral rule, that, when we introduce into our own lan- 
guage a word from the Greek or Latin, and either pre- 
serve it entire, or the same number of syllables ; in this 
case we preserve the accent on the same syllable as in 
the original word. This rule has some exceptions, as 
may be seen in the Principles, No. 503, (e,) but has 
still a very great extent. Now sepulchrum, from which 
this word is derived, has the accent on the second sylla- 
ble; and sepulchre ought to have it on tlio same; while 
sepulture, on the contrary, being formed from sepultu- 
ra, by dropping a syllable the accent removes to the 
first. See Academy. As a confirmation that the cur- 
rent pronunciation of sepulchre was with the accent on 
the second syllable, every old inhabitant of London can 
recollect always having heard the church called by that 
name so pronounced: but the antepenultimate accent 
seems now so fixed as to make an alteration hopeless. 
Mr. Forster, in his Essay on Accent and Quantity, says 
that this is the common pronunciation of the present 
day; and Dr. Johnson, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Barclay, 
Entick, and VV. Johnston, place the accent on the first 
syllable both of this word and sepulture. Fenning 
places the accent on the second syllable of sepulchre 
when a noun, and on the first when a verb. Mr. Sheridan 
very properly reverses this order : VV. Johnston places 
the accent on the second syllable of sepulture, and Bai- 
ley on the second of both. All our orthoepists place 
the accent on the second syllable of sepulchral, except 
Dr. Ash and Barclay, who place it upon the same sylla- 
ble as in sepulchre ; and the uncouth pronunciation this 
accentuation produces, is a fresh proof of the impropri- 
ety of the common accent. 493. W. 
To SE'PULCHRE, se-pul'-ktV. 493. v. a. To bury • 

to entomb. Shakspeare. 
SE'PULTURE, sep'-p&l-ture. 177. n.s. [Fr.; sepul- 

tura, Lai.] Interment; burial. Brown. 
SEQUACIOUS §, se-kwa'-shus. 414. a. [sequacis, 
Lat.] Following; attendant. Bp. Taylor. Duc- 
tile; pliant. Ray. 
SEQUA'CIOUSNESS*, se-kwa' sh6s-nes. n. s. 

State of being sequacious. Bp. Taylor. 
SEQUACITY, se-kwas'-e-te. n. s. [sequax, Lat.] 
Ductility ; toughness. Bacon. Act of following. 
Wlitilock. 
SE'QUEL, se'-kwel. n. s. [sequele, Fr. ; sequela, 
Lat.] Conclusion ; succeeding part. Sliak. Conse- 
quence ; event. Hooker. Consequence inferred ; 
consequenti al ness . Wkitgift. 
SE'QUENCE§, se'-kwense. n. s. [old Fr. ; from se- 
qvBor, Lat.] Order of succession. Shak. Series; 
arrangement. Bacon. 
SE'QUENT, se'-kwent. a. [old Fr. ; sequens, Lat.] 

Following; succeeding. Slia/e. Consequential. 
SE'QUENT, se'-kwent. n. s. A follower. Shak. Ob. J. 
ToSEQUE'STER^, se-kwes'-lfir. v. a. [sequestrer, 
Fr. ; sequestro, low Lat.] To separate from others 
for the sake of privacy. Shak. To put aside ; to 
a-emove. Bacon. To withdraw ; to segregate, 
Hooker. To set aside from the use of the owner 
to that of others ; as, His annuity is sequestered to 
pay his creditors. To deprive of possessions. South. 
To SEQUE'STER*, se-kwes'-tur. v. n. To with- 
draw ; to retire. Milton. 
SEQUE'STRABLE, se-kwes'-tra-bl. a. Subject to 

privation. Capable of separation. Boyle. 
To SEQUE'STRATE, se-kwes'-trate. 91. v.n. To 

sequester; to separate. Arbuthnot. 
SEQUESTRATION, sek-wes-tra'-sh&n. 530. n.s. 
[Fr.] Separation ; retirement. Shak. Disunion ; 
disjunction. Boyle. State of being set aside. Shak. 
Deprivation of the use and profits of a possession. 
Swift. 
SEQUESTRATOR, sek-wes-tra'-tfir. n. s. One 
who takes from a man the profits of his possessions. 
Bp. Taylor. 
SERAGLIO, se-ral'-yo. 388. n. s. [serai, Persian, 
a large hall or house.] A house of women kept for 
debauchery. Norris. 
SERAPH, ser'-raf. 413. n. s. [.rpnp] One of the 

orders of angels. Locke. 
SERAPH1CAL, se-raf-fe-kal. ) a. Angelick ; an- 
SERA'PHICK, se-raf'-flk. 509. $ gelical. Bp. Tay- 
lor. Pure ; refined from sensuality. Sivift. 



SERAPHIM, ser'-ra-flm. n.s. [the plural of seraph 
yet seraphims is sometimes written.] Angels of one 
of the heavenly orders. Common Prayer. 
SERE, sere. a. [yeajiian, Sax.] Dry; withered 
^ no longer green. See Sear. Spenser. 
SERE, sere. n. s. [serve, old Fr.] Claw ; talon. Chap 

man. 
SERENA'DE, ser-e-nade'. n.s. [Fr.; serenata,Ha\.] 
Musick or songs with which ladies are entertained 
by their lovers in the night. Milton. 
To SERENADE, ser-e-nade'. v. a. To entertain 

with nocturnal musick. Spectator. 
To SERENADE*, ser-e-nade'. v. n. To perform a 

serenade. Toiler. 
Gutta SERE'NA. n. s. An obstruction in the optick 

nerve. Milton. 
SERE'NE§, se-rene'. a. [serein, Fr. ; serenus, Lat.] 
Calm; placid; quiet. Milton. Unruffled; undis- 
turbed ; even of temper ; peaceful or calm of mind ; 
showing a calm mind. Milton. Applied as a title 
of respect : as, To the most serene Prince Leopold, 
Archduke of Austria, &c. Milton. 
SERE'NE, se-rene'. n. s. [serein, or serain, Fr.] A 

calm, damp evening. B. Jonson. 
To SERE'NE, se-rene''. v. a. [serener, Fr. ; sereno, 
Lat.] To calm; to quiet. Fa7ishau-\ To clear; to 
brighten. Phillips. 
SERE'NELY, se-rene'-le. ad. Calmly ; quietly. Pope. 

With unruffled temper; coolly. Locke. 
SERE'NENESS, se-rene'-nes. n. s. Serenity. Fel- 

tham. 
SERE'NITUDE, se-ren'-ne-tude. n. s. Calmness ; 

coolness of mind. Wotton. Ob. J. 
SERE'NITY, se-ren'-nc-te. 530. n. s. [serenite, Fr.] 
Calmness ; mild temperature. Bentiey. Peace ; 
quietness; not disturbance. Temple. Evenness of 
temper ; coolness of mind. Locke. Highness ; title 
of respect. Milton. 
SERF*, serf. n. s. [old Fr. ; servus, Lat.] A slave 

Hume. Not in use. 
SERGE, seVdje. n. s. [serge, Fr. ; xerga, Span.] A 

kind of woollen cloth. Hale. 
SE'RGEANT $, sar'-jant. 100. n. s. [sergent, Fr. ; 
sergente, Ital.] An officer whose ibusiness it is to 
execute the commands of magistrates. A petty of- 
ficer in the army. Shale. A lawyer of the highest 
rank under a judge. Bacon. It is a title given to 
•some of the king's servants : as, sergeant chirur- 
geon : that is, a chirurgeon servant to the king. 
SE'RGEANTRY, sar'-jant-tre. n.s. Grand ser- 
gea?ttry is that where one holdeth lands of the king 
by service, which he ought to do in his own person 
unto him : as to bear the king's banner or his spear, 
&c. Petit sergeantry is where a man holdeth land 
of the king, to yield him yearly some small thing 
toward his wars; as a sword, dagger, bow. knife, 
spear, pair of gloves of mail, a pair of spurs, or such - 
like. Coivel. 
SE'RGEANTSHIP, sar'-jant-stfp. n. s. The office 

of a sergeant. 
SE'RIES, se'-re-iz. n. s. [seine, Fr.; series, Lat.] 
Sequence ; order. Ward. Succession ; course. 
Pope. 
SE'RIOUS$, se'-re-fis. 314. a. [serieux, Fr.; serim, 
Lat,] Grave; solemn; not volatile; not light of be- 
haviour. Young. Important ; weighty ; not trifling. 
Shakspeare. 
SE'RIOUSLY, se'-re-fis-le. ad. Gravely; solemnly; 

in earnest ; without levity. South. 
SE'RIOUSNESS, se'-re-fis-nes. n.s. Gravity; so- 
lemnity ; earnest attention. Atterbury. 
SERMOCINA'TION, ser-m6s-e-na'-sh&n. n. s. [ser- 
mocinatio, Lat.] The act or practice of making 
speeches. Peacham. 
SERMOCINATOR, ser-mos-e-na'-t&r. n. *. [ser- 
mocinor, Lat.] A preacher ; a speechmaker. Howell. 
SERMONS ser'-mfin. 100, 166. n.s. [Fr. ; sermo, 
Lat.] A discourse of instruction pronounced Dy a 
divine for the edification of the people. Hooker. 
To SE'RMON, ser'-m&n. v. a. [semwner, Fr.] To 
discourse as in a sermon. Spenser. ri o tutor; to 
teach dogmatically ; to lesson. Shakspeare. 
824 



SER 



SES 



-no, move. n6r. ndl ;— tube, iftb, bull ; — Ail ; — poimd ; — </iin, Tui 



TbSE'RMON*, scV-miin. i>. «. To compose or deliv- 
er a sermon. Milton. 
SE'RiMONING*, serz-mfln-lng. n. s. Discourse; in- 
struction : advice ; persuasion. Chaucer. 
To SERMONIZE*, scV-mAn-lze. v. n. To preach. 
Bishop Nicholson. To inculcate rigid rules. Lord 
Chesterfield. 
SE RMOUNTAIN, or Seseli, seV-mo&n-tto. n. s. A 

plant. 
SERO SITY, se-r&s'-se-te. n. s. [serosite, Fr.] Thin 

or watery part of the blood. Brown. 
SEROUS $, se'-rfts. a. [sereux, Fr.j serosus, Lat.] 
Thin ; watery; that part of the blood which sepa- 
rates in congelation from the grumous or red part. 
Adapted to the serum. Arbutlinot. 
SERPENTS, seV-pent. n. s. [serpens, Lat.] An ani- 
mal that moves by undulation without legs. They 
are often venomous. They are divided into two 
kinds : the viper, which brings young ; and the 
snake, that lays eggs. Spenser. A sort of fire- 
work. Dryden. A musical instrument, serving as 
a bass in concerts of wind musick. 
SERPENTINE, seV-pen-tlne. 149. a. [serpentin, old 
Fr. ; serpentinus, Lat.] Resembling a serpent. Sid- 
nei/. Winding like a serpent ; anfractuous. Donne. 
To SERPENTINE*, seV-pen-tlne. v. n. To wind 

like a serpent ; to meander. Harte. 
SERPENTINE, seV-pen-tlne. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 
SERPENTINE Stone, n. s. A stone known among 
the ancients, who tell us, that it was a certain reme- 
dy against the poison of the bite of serpents; but it 
is now justly rejected. Hill. 
To SERPENTIZE*, seV-pen-tize. v. n. To mean- 
der ; to serpentine. Mason. 
SERPENT'S- T^g-we. n. s. A plant. Ainsworth. 
SERPET, seV-pet. n. s. A basket. Ainsworth. 
SERPPGINOUS, ser-pfd'-je-nfis. a. [serpigo, Lat.] 

Diseased with a serpigo. Wiseman. 
SERPIGO, ser-pi'-go, or ser-pe'-g6. 112. [See 
Vertigo.] [se'r-pl'-go, Sheridan ; seV-pe-go, Per- 
ry. ~\ n. s. [Lat.] A kind of tetter. Wiseman. 
To SERR, sex. v. a. [seirer, Fr.] To drive hard to- 
gether; to crowd into a little space. Bacon. Ob. J. 
SERRATE $, seV-rate. 91. £ a. [serratus, Lat.] 
SERRATED §,seV-ra-ted. \ Formed with jags 

or indentures like the edge of a saw. Ray. 
SERRATION, ser-ra'-shun. n. s. Formation in the 

shape of a saw. 
SERRATURE, sfr'-ra-ture. n. s. Indenture like 

teeth of saws. Woodward. 
ToSERRY, ser'-re. v. a. [serrer, Fr.] To press 

close ; to drive hard together. Milton. Ob. J. 
SERUM, se'-r&m. n.s. [Lat.] The thin and watery 
part that separates from the rest in any liquor, as 
in milk the whey from the cream. The part of the 
blood which in coagulation separates from the 
grume. Arbuthnot. 
SERVANT, seV-vant. 100. n. s. [Fr. ; servus, Lat.] 
One who attends another, and acts at his com- 
mand. Shak. One in a state of subjection. Shak. A 
word of civility used to superiours or equals. Swift. 
$£f This is one of the few words which has acquired by 
time a softer signification than its original, knave; 
which originally signified only a servant, but is now 
degenerated into a cheat ; while servant, which signified 
originally a person preserved from death by the con- 
queror, and reserved for slavery, signifies only an obe- 
dient attendant. W. 
To SE'RVANT, ser'-vant. v. a. To subject. Sliak- 

speare. Ob. J. 
To SERVE §•, serv. 100. v. a. [servir, Fr. ; servio, 
Lat.] To work for. Gen. xxix. To attend at com- 
mand. Milton. To obev servilely or meanly. 
Denham. To supply with food ceremoniously. 
Dryden. To bring meat as a menial attendant. 
Sluxk. To be subservient or subordinate to. Mil- 
ton. To supply with any thing : as, The curate 
served two churches. Ez. xlviii. To obey in mili- 
tary actions : as, He served the king in three cam- 
paigns. To be sufficient to. Locke. To be of use 
to; to assist; to promote. Bp. Taylor. To help 
by good offices. Tate. To comply with ; to sub- 
104 



mil to. Hooker. To satisfy; to content. South. 
To stand instead of any thing to one. Pope. — [se 
servir de, Fr.l To serve himself of. To make use 
of. Digby.— To treat; to requite : in an ill sense : 
as, He serutd me ungratefully. [In divinity.] To 
worship the Supreme Being. Milton. — To serve a 
warrant. To seize an offender, and carry him to jus- 
tice. To sei-ve an office. To discharge any onerous 
and Ipublick duty. 

To SERVE, se"rv. v. n. To be a servant, or slave. 
Gen. xx. To be in subjection. Is. xliii. To at- 
tend ; to wait. St. Luke, x. To engage in the 
duties of war under command. Sliak. To produce 
the end desired. Sidneij. To be sufficient for a 
purpose. Dryden. To suit; to be convenieni. Shak. 
To conduce ; to be of use. Hooker. To officiate 
or minister: as, He served at the publick dinner. 

SERVICE, seV-vis. 142. n. s. [old Fr.; rejipir. 
Sax. ; servitium, Lat.] Menial office ; low business 
done at the command of a master. Shak. At- 
tendance of a servant. Shak. Place ; office of a 
servant. Sha/c. Any thing done by way of duty 
to a superiour. Dryden. Attendance on any su- 
periour. Bacon. Profession of respect uttered or 
sent. Shak. Obedience ; submission. Shak. Act 
on the performance of which possession depends. 
Davies. Actual duty; office. Rogers. Employ- 
ment; business. Swift. Military duty. Spenser. 
A military achievement. Shak. Purpose ; use. 
Spelman. Useful office ; advantage conferred. 
Sivift. Favour. Sfuik. Publick office of devotion. 
Hooker. A particular portion of divine service 
sung in cathedrals, or churches. Mason. Course; 
order of dishes. Hakewill. A tree and fruit. Miller. 

SERVICEABLE, seV-vls-a-bl. a. [servissable, o)d 
Fr.] Active; diligent; officious. Sidney. Useful; 
beneficial. Hooker 

SERVICEABLY*, ser'-vis-a-ble. ad. So as to be 
serviceable. Sherwood. 

SERVICEABLENESS, ser'-vfs-a-bl-ngs. n. s. Of- 
ficiousness; activity. Sidney. Usefulness ; bene- 
ficialness. Norris. 

SERVIENT*, seV-ve-ent. a. [serviens, Lat.] Sub- 
ordinate. Dyer. 

SERVILE, seV-vil. 140. a. [servil, Fr. ; servilis, 
Lat.] Slavish ; dependent ; mean. Shak. Fawn 
ing ; cringing. Sidney. a 

SERVILELY, seV-vil-le. ad. Meanly; slavishly 
Dryden. 

SERVILENESS, ser'-vIl-nSs. )n.s. Subjection ; in- 

SERVPLITY, ser-vfl'-e-te. \ voluntary obedi- 
ence. Gov. of the Tongue. Meanness; dependence; 
baseness. Submission from fear. West. Slavery ; 
the condition of a slave. Shakspeare. 

SERVING-MAID*, seV-vmg-made. n. s. A female 
servant. Bp. Bull. 

SERVING-MAN, se^-vlng-man. n. s. A menial 
servant. SJmkspeare. 

SERVITOR, ser'-ve-tur. 166. n-. s. [serviteur, Fr.] 
Servant ; attendant. Hooker. One who acts under 
another ; a follower. Davies. One who professes 
duty and obedience. Shak. One of the lowest 
order in the university of Oxford ; similar to the 
sizer in that of Cambridge. Swift. 

SERVITORSHIP*, seV-ve-tfir-ship. n. s. Office of 
a servitor. Boswell. 

SERVITUDE, seV-ve-t&de. n. s. [Fr. ; servitus, 
I it.] Slavery; state of a slave; dependence. 
Hooker. Servants, collectively. Milton. 

SE'SAME*. n.s. [Fr. ; sesema, Lat.; encd/jr), Gr.l 
A white grain or corn growing in India, of which 
an oil is made. Ainsworth. 

S ESQULVLTER, ses-kwe-al'-ler. ) a.[sesqui- 

SESQUIA / LTERAL,ses-kwe-al / -te ! r-al. \ altere, 
Fr.; sesquialter, Lat.] [In geometry.] A ratio 
where one quantity or number contains another 
once and a half as much more, as 6 and 9. Cheyne. 

SESQUFPED AL, ses-kwlp'-pe-dal. [ses'-kwe-pe- ^ 
del. Sheridan.'] > 

SESQUIPEDALIAN, sSs-kwe-pe-da'-le-an, 518. ) 
a. [sesquipedalis, Lat.] Containing a foot and a 
half. Addison. 

825 



SET 



SET 



[£P 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pm ;— 



SE'SQJJIPLLCATE, ses-kwV-ple-kat. 91. a. [In 
mathematicks.] The proportion one quantity or 
number has to another, in the ratio of one and a 
half to one. Cheyne. 

SESQUITE'RTIAN, seVkwe-teV-shfin. a. [In math- 
ematicks.] Having such a ratio, as that one quantity 
or number contains another once and one third part 
more : as, between 6 and 8. Diet. 

SESS, ses. 71.S. [for assess, cess, or cense.] Rate} cess 
charged ; lax. Davies. 

SESSION, seW-&n. n. s. [Fr. ; sessio, Lat.] The 
act of sitting-. Hooker. A stated assembly of magis- 
trates or senators. Shak. The space for which an 
assembly sits, without intermission or recess. 
Clarendon. A meeting of justices : as, the ses- 
sions of the peace. 

SESTERCE, seV-terse. n. s. [Fr. ; sestertium, Lat.] 
Among the Romans, a sum of about 8/. Is. 5a. 
half-penny ; or, as some reckon, about 11. 16s. 3d. 
of our money. Kennel. A Roman silver and also 
copper coin. B. Jonson. 

To SET §, set. v. a. preterit J set ; part. pass. 1 am 
set. [fefcfean, Sax. ; setlen, Dutch.] To place ; to 
put in any situation or place ; to put. Shak. To 
put into any condition, state, or posture. Hooker. 
To make motionless; to fix immovably. Garth. 
To fix ; to state by some rule. Carew. "To regu- 
late ; to adjust. Suckling. To fit to musick : to 
adapt with notes. Dryden. To plant; not sow. 
Bacon. To intersperse or variegate with any thing. 
Milton. To reduce from a fractured or dislocated 
state. SliaJc. To fix the affection ; to determine 
the thoughts. Col.w. To predetermine; to settle. 
Hooker. To establish; to appoint; to fix. Hooker. 
To appoint to an office ; to assign to a post. Job, 
vii. To exhibit ; to display. Bacon. To propose 
to choice. Tillotson. To value; to estimate; to 
rate. Shak. To stake at play. Prior. To offer a 
wager at dice to another. Shak. To fix in metal. 
Drijden. To embarrass; to distress; to perplex. 
Addison. To fix in an artificial manner, so as to 
produce a particular effect. Psahos. To apply to 
something, as a thing to be done. Deuteronomy . 
To fix the eyes. Jer. xxiv. To offer for a price. 
Ecclus. x. To let ; to grant to a tenant. Bp. Hall. 
To place in order ; to frame. Knolles. To station ; 
to piace. Dryden. To oppose. Shak. To bring 
to a fine edge : as, to set a razor. To point out, 
without noise or disturbance : as, a clog sets birds. 
— To set about. To apply to. Locke. To set 
against. To place in a state of enmity or oppo- 
sition. Ezekiel. To oppose ; to place in rhetorical 
opposition. Burnet. To set apart. To neglect for 
a season. Knolles. To set aside. To omit for the 
present. Shak. To reject. Woodward. To ab- 
rogate ; to annul. Addison. To set by. To regard ; 
to esteem. 1 Sam. xviii. To reject or omit for the 
present. Bacon. To set dozen. To explain ; or 
relate in writing. Bacon. To register or note in 
any book or paper ; to put in writing. Shak. To 
fix on a resolve. Knolles. To fix; to establish. 
Hooker. To set forth. To publish ; to promul- 
gate ; to make appear. Shak. To raise ; to send 
out on expeditions. Abbot. To display ; to explain ; 
to represent. Spenser. To arrange ; to place in 
order. Shak. To show; to exhibit. Brown. To 
set forward. To advance ; to promote. Hooker. 
To' set in. To put in a way to begin. Collier. 
To set off. To decorate ; to recommend ; to adorn ; 
to embellish. Sluxk. To set on or upon. To animate ; 
to instigate ; to incite. Sidney. To attack ; to as- 
sault. Sidney. To set on. To employ as in a 
task. Sliak. To set on or upon. To fix the at- 
tention; to determine to any thing with settled 
and full resolution. Sidney. To set out. To as- 
sign ; to allot. Spenser. To publish. Bacon. To 
mark by boundaries or distinctions of space. Locke. 
To adorn; to embellish. Dryden. To raise; to 
equip. Addison. To show; to display; to recom- 
mend. Knolles. To show ; to prove. Atterbury. 
To set tip. To erect; to establish newly. Atter- 
bury. To enable to commence a ■ new business.) 



Pope. To build ; to erect. B. Jonson. To raise ; 
to exalt ; to put in power. Shak. To establish ; to 
appoint; to fix. Locke. To place in view. Job, 
xvi. To place in repose ; to fix ; to rest. Wake. 
To raise by the voice. Dryden. To advance ; to 
propose to reception. Burnet. To raise a sufficient 
fortune; to set up a trade; to set up a trader. 
V Estrange. — This is one of the words that can 
scarcely be referred to any radical or primitive 
notion ; it very frequently includes the idea of a 
change made in the stCite of the subject, with some 
degree of continuance in the state superinduced. 
To SET, sk. v. n. To fall below the horizon, as the 
sun at evening. Gen. xxviii. To be fixed. 1 Kings, 
xiv. To fit musick to words. Shak. To become 
not fluid ; to concrete. Boyle. Tj begin a jour- 
ney. Shak. To put one's self into any state or 
posture of removal. Dryden. To catch birds with 
a dog that sets them, that is, lies down and points 
them out; and with a large net. Boyle. To plant, 
not sow. Old Proverb. It is commonly used fn 
conversation for sit, which, though undoubtedly- 
barbarous, is sometimes found in authors. Shak. 
To apply one's self. Hammond. — To set about. 
To fall to; to begin. Calamy. To set in. To be- 
come settled in a particular state. Addison. To set 
off. To set out on any pursuit ; to set out from the 
barrier at a race ; to start. To set on. or upon. 
To begin a march, journey, or enterprise. Locke. 
To make an attack. Sliak. To set out. To have 
beginning. Brown. To begin ajourney, or course. 
Bacon. To begin the world. Addison. To set 
to. To apply himself to. Gov. of the Tongue. To 
set up. To begin a trade openly. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. To begin a scheme in life. Arbuthnot. To 
profess publickly. Dryden. 

SET, sk. part. a. Regular; not lax; made in con- 
sequence of some formal rule. Shakspeare. 

SET, sk. n. s. A number of things suited to each 
other; things considered as related to each other; 
a number of things of which one cannot convenient- 
ly be separated from the rest. Collier. Any thing 
not sown, but put in a state of some, growth into 
the ground. Mortimer. The apparent fall of the 
sun, or other bodies of heaven, below the horizon 
Shak. A wager at dice. Dryden. A game. Shak. 

SET-OFF*, set'-6f. n. s. [In law.] When the de- 
fendant acknowledges the justice of the plaintiff's 
demand on the one hand ; but on the other sets up 
a demand of his own, to counterbalance that of the 
plaintiff, either on the whole or in part. Black- 
stone. Any counterbalance. A recommendation ; 
a decoration. 

SETACEOUS, se-ta'-shfls. 357. a. [seta, Lat.] 
Bristly ; set with strong hair ; consisting of strong 
hairs. Derham. 

SE'TFOIL, set'-f6il. n. s. An herb. 

SE'TON, se'-t'n. 170. n. s. [seton, Fr.] A seton is 
made when the skin is taken up with a needle, and 
the wound kept open by a twist of silk or hair, that 
humours may vent themselves. Quincy. 

SETTE'E, sel-tee'. n. s. A large, long seat, with a 
back to it. A vessel, very common m the Medi 
terranean, with one deck, and a very long and 
sharp prow. Chambers. 

SETTER, seV-tur. 98. n. s. One who sets. Ascham 
One who sets forth ; aproclaimer. Acts, xvii. A dog 
who beats the field, and points the bird for the 
sportsmen. Atterbury. [fsecepe, Sax.] A man 
who performs the office of a setting dog, or finds 
out persons to be plundered. South. Whatever 
sets off, decorates, or recommends. Whitlock. One 
who adapts words to musick. Davies. 

SETTER WORT, seV-tfir-wfirt. n. s. A species o;' 
hellebore. 

SETTING*, seV-t?ng. n. s. Apparent fall of the sun. 
or other heavenly bodies, below the horizon. 
Brown. Enclosure. Exod. xxviii. [In naval lan- 
guage.] Direction of the current or sea. 

setting-Do^, set'-dng-ddg. ».*. a dog taught to 

find game, and point it out to the sportsman. Ad- 
dison. 

826 



SEV 



SEX 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— lube, tub. I>m11 ; — 6?1 3 — pdflnd ; — </tin, THis. 



SETTLE, seY-tl. 405. n. s. [pitl, j-efcol. Sax.] A 

sent; a bench ; something to sit on. Ezek. 
To SETTLER seY-tl. r. a. [i-sebfelian, Sax.] To 
place in any certain state after a time of fluctua- 
tion or disturbance. Ezek. xx.wi. To fix in any 
nay of life. Dryden. To fix in anv place. P. 
Fletcher. To establish ; to confirm." Prior. To 
determine ; to affirm ; to free from ambiguity. 
Locke. To make certain or unchangeable. Dry- 
den. To fix; not to sutler to continue doubtful "in 
Minion, or desultory and wavering in conduct. 
Swift. To make close or compact. Mortimer. 
To fix unalienably by legal sanctions. Addison. 
To fix inseparably". Boyle. To affect so as that j 
the dregs or impurities sink to the bottom. Demies. 
To compose ; to put in a stale of calmness. Duppa. 
To SE'TTLE, sct'-tl. v. n. To subside ; to sink to 
the bottom and repose there. Brown. To lose 
motion or fermentation ; to deposit faeces at the 
bottom. Dryden. To fix one's self 5 to establish a 
residence. Arbnthnot. To choose a method of life ; 
to establish a domestick state. Prior. To become 
fixed so as not to change. Bacon. To quit an irregu- 
lar and desultory for a methodical life. To take any 
lasting state. Burnet. To rest; to repose. Spectator. 
To grow calm. SliaJc. To make a jointure for a 
wife. Garth. To contract. Mortimer. 
SE'TTLEDNESS, seV-tl'd-nes. n. s. The stale of 

being settled ; confirmed state. Bp. Hall. 
SETTLEMENT, seV-tl-ment. n. s. The act of set- 
tling; the state of being settled. The act of giving 
possession by legal sanction. Dryden. A jointure 
granted to a wife. Swift. Subsidence; dregs. 
Mortimer. Act of quitting a roving for a domes- 
tick and methodical life. ±J Estrange. A colony ; 
a dace where a colony is established. Guthrie. 
SE'TTLER*, set'-tl-ur. ~n. s. One who fixes in a place 

where a colony is established. 
SETTLING*, sei'-tl-ing. n. s. (jetton^, Sax.] The 
act of making a settlement. Settlement ; dregs. 
Milton. Used for setting, in some places, as appli- 
ed to the sun and other heavenly bodies. 
SE'TWAL, set'-wal. n.s. An herb. Diet. 
SEVENS, sev'-v'n. 103. a. [peopon, Sax.] Four and 

three ; one more than six. Genesis. 
SEVENFOLD, sev'-v'n-fold. a. Repeated seven 
times; having seven doubles; increased seven 
times. Spenser. 
SEVENFOLD, sev'-v'n-fbld. ad. In the proportion 

of seven to one. Gen. iv. 
SEVENNIGHT, sen'-nlt. 144. n. s. A week ; the 
time from one day of the week to the next day of 
the same denomination preceding or following ; a 
week, numbered according to the practice of the 
old northern nations, as in fortnight. Sidney. We 
use still the word sevenniglit or se'nnigM in comput- 
ing time : as, It happened on Monday was seven- j 
nizht, that is, on the Monday before last Monday ; It j 
will he done on Monday sevenniglit, that is, on ilie\ 
Monday after next Monday. Addison. 
SEVENSCORE, sev'-v'n-skcre. a. Seven times | 

twenty ; a hundred and forty. Bacon. 
SEVENTEEN, sev'-v'n-teen. a. [peopontyne, 

SaxJ Seven and ten ; seven- added to ten. 
SEVENTEENTH, sev'-v'n-teentfi. a. [peoponteo- 
8a, Sax.] The seventh after the tenth; the ordinal 
of seventeen. Gen. vii. 
SEVENTH, sh'-v'nth. a. [peopoSan, Sax.] The 
ordinal of seven ; the first after the sixth. Bacon. 
Containing one part in seven. 
SEVENTHLY, sev'-v'ntfi-le. ad. In the seventh 

place : an ordinal adverb. Bacon. 
SEVENTIETH, sev'-v'n-te-&/i. a. The tenth seven 

times repeated ; the ordinal of seventy. 
SEVENTY, sev'-v'n-te. 182. a. [hanbpeopontiS', 

Sax.] Seven times ten. Bp. Taylor. 
To SEVER §, sev'-vur. 98. v. a. [severer, Fr. ; separo, 
Lal.l To part by violence from the rest. Granville. 
To divide ; to part ; to force asunder. Hooker. To 
separate ; to segregate ; to put in different orders 
or places. St. Matt. To separate by chymical op- 
eration. To divide by distinctions. Bacon. To 



disjoin ; to disunite. Sliakspeare. To keep distinct ; 
to keep apart. Exod. viii. 

To SEVER, seV-vur. 98. v. n. To make a separa- 
tion ; to make a partition. Exod. ix. To suffer 
disjunction. Shakspeare. 

SE VERAL, se\ '-ur-al. 88. a. [several, old Fr.] Dif- 
ferent ; distinct from one another. Bacon. Divers ; 
many. Abbot. Particular; single. Dryden. Dis- 
tinct"; appropriate. Davies. Separate ; disjoined. 
Beafonont a/id Fletcher. 

SEVERAL, seV-ftr-ftl. n.s. A state of separation, 
or partition. Tusser. Each particular singly taken. 
Slink. Any enclosed or separate place. Hooker. 
A piece of open land, adjoining to a common field, 
and a kind of joint property of the landholders of a 
parish. Bacon. 

SEVERA'LITY*, sev-fir-al'-e-te. n, s. Each panic- 
ular singly taken ; distinction. Bp. Hall. 

ToSEVERALlZE*. sev'-fir-al-lze. r. a. To distin- 
guish. Bp. Hall. 

SEVERALLY, seV-ur-al-6. ad. Distinctly ; particu- 
larly; separately; apart from others. Hooker. 

SEVERALTY, seV-fir-al-te. n. s. State of separa- 
tion from the rest. Bacon. 



SEVERANCE, seV-ur-anse. n. s. Separation ; par- 
tition. Carew. 
SEVE'RE, se-vere'. a. [Fr. ; sevents, Lat.] Sharp ; 
apt to punish ; censorious ; apt to blame ; hard 
rigorous. Bp. Taylor. Rigid ; austere ; morose 
harsh ; not indulgent. Milton. Cruel ; inexorable. 
Wisdom. Regulated by rigid rules ; strict. Mil- 
ton. Exempt from all levity of appearance ; grave ; 
sober; sedate. Milton. Not lax; not airy; close; 
strictly methodical ; rigidly exact. More. " Painful ; 
afflictive. Milton. Close; conci. e ; not luxuriant. 
Dryden. 
SEVE'RELY, se-vere'-le. ad. Painfully; afflictively. 
Swift. Ferociously ; horridly. Dryden. Strictly 
rigorously. Savage. 
SEVE'RITY, se-veV-e-ie. 511. n. s. [severite, old 
Fr. ; severitas, Lat.] Cruel treatment ; sharpness 
of punishment. Bacon. Hardness ; power of dis- 
tressing. Hale. Strictness; rigid accuracy. Dry- 
den. Rigour ; austerity ; harshness ; want of mild- 
ness ; want of indulgence. Milton. 
SEVOCA'TION, sev-o-ka'-shun. n.s. [sevoco, Lat.] 

The act of calling aside. 
To SEW, for sue. su. v. a. [suwre, Fr.] To follow; to 

pursue. Spenser. 
To SEW$, so. 266. v. n. [suo, Lat.; sye, Su. Goth, 
and Danish.] To join any thing by the use of the 
needle. Ecct. iii. 
To SEW, s6. v. a. To join by threads drawn with a 

needle. St. Mark, ii. 
To SEW up, s6'-up. To enclose in any thing sewed. 

JobyxW. 
To SEW, su. v. a. To drain a pond for the fish. 

Ainsworth. 
SERVER, su'-Sr. 266. n. s. [escuyer, old Fr.] An of- 
ficer who serves up a feast. Sir T. Herbert. 
SE'WER, shore, n. s. [from issue, issuer. Coivel.] A 
passage for water to run through, now corrupted 
to shore. Bacon. 
§3= The corrupt pronunciation of this word is become 
universal, though in Junius's time it should seem to 
have been confined to London ; for, under the word 
shore, he says, " Common shore, Londinensibus ita cor- 
rupts dicitur, the common sewer." Johnson has given 
us no etymology of this word ; but Skinner tells us, 
" Xon infeliciter Cowcllus declinat &. verbo, issue, dic- 
tumque putat quasi issuer abjecta initiali syllaba." 
Nothing can be more natural than this derivation ; the 
5 going into sk before u, preceded by the accent, is 
agreeable to analogy, 452 ; and the u in this case, be- 
ing pronounced like ew, might easily draw the word in- 
to the common orthography, sewer ; while the scund 
of sh was preserved, and the ew, as in shew, strew, and 
seic, might soon slide into o, and thus produce the pres- 
ent anomaly. W. 
SEWER, so'-ur. n. s. He that uses a needle. 
SE'WSTER*, si'-stfir. n. s. A woman that sews or 

spins. B. Jonson. 
SEX§, seks. n.s. [sexe, Fr. ; sexus, Lat.] The prop- 
827 



SHA 



SHA 



ID" 559.— File, far, fill, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— 



erty by which any animal is male or female. Mil- 
ton. Womankind, by way of emphasis. Dryden 
SEXA'GENARY^gks-ad'-jen-ar-e. a. [sexagenaire 
Fr. ; sexagenarius, Lat.] 'Threescore. Lord Cfies- 
terfield. 
SEXAGE'SIMA, sgks-a-jes'-se-ml n.s. [Lat.] The 

second Sunday before Lent. i 

SEXAGESIMAL, seks-a-jeV-se-mal. a. [sexagesi- 

mus, Lat.] Sixtieth ; numbered by sixties. 
SEXA'NGLED. s^ks-ang'-gl'd. 359. ) a. [sex, Lat. 
SEXA'NGULAR, sgks-ang'-gu-lar. \ and angu- 
lar.] Having six corners or angles; hexagonal. 
Hawes. 
SEXA'NGULARLY, seks-ang'-gu-lar-le. ad. With 

six angles ; hexagonally. 
SEXE'NNIAL, seTcs-en'-ne-al. 113. a. [sex and an- 
nus, Lat.] Lasting six years; happening once in 
six years. Burke. 
SE'XTAIN, seks'-Un. 208. n. s. [sextans, sex, Lat.] A 

stanza of six lines. 
SE'XTANT, seks'-tant. n. s. [Fr.] The sixth part of 
a circle. An astronomical instrument made in that 
form. Cook and King's Voyage. 
SE'XTARY, se'ks'-ta-re.??.*. [sextarius, Lat.] A pint 

and a half. 
SE'XTARY, seks'-ta-re. ) n. s. The same as sacris- 
SE'XTRY, sgks'-tre. $ ty. Diet. 
SE'XTILE, sgks'-tn. 140. n. s. [sextilis, Lat.] Such 
a position or aspect of two planets, when at sixty 
degrees distant, or at the distance of two signs from 
one another, and is marked thus *. Harris. 
SE'XTON, sSks'-tun. 170. n. s. [corrupted from sa- 
cristan.'] An under officer of the church, whose busi 
ness is to dig graves. Graunt. 
SE'XTONSHIP, seks'-tun-sh?p. n. s. The office of a 

sexton. Swift. 
SEXTUPLE, s&csMu-pl. 405. a. [sextuplus, Lat.] 

Sixfold ; six times told. Brown. 
SE'XUAL*, s£ks'-ii-al. a. [sexuel, Fr.] Distinguish 

ing the sex ; belonging to the sex. Barrington. 
To SHAB, shab. v. n. To play mean tricks : a low, 

barbarous, cant word, 
SHA'BBILY, shab'-be-le. ad. Meanly ; reproachful 

ly ; despicably ; paltrily. 
SHA'BBINESS, shab'-be-nes. n.s. Meanness; pal- 
triness. Spectator. 
SHABBY, shab'-be. a. Mean ; paltry. Ld. Claren- 
don, Diary. 
SHACK §*, "shale, n. s. [perhaps from shock.] Stock, 
turned into the stubbles after harvest, are said to 
be at sJiack. Homilies. 
To SHACK*, shak. v. n. To shed, as corn at harvest. 
Grose. To feed in the stubble : as, to send hogs a 
shacking. 
SHA'CKLE*, shak'-kl. n. s. Stubble. Pegge. 
To SHA'CKLE §, shak'-kl. 405. v. a. [shaeckelen, 

Teut.] To chain ; to fetter ; to bind. Locke. 
SHA'CKLES, shak'-klz. n. s. wanting the singular, 
[rceacul, Sax. ; scliaeckel, Teut.] Fetters; gyves; 
chains for prisoners. Spenser. 
SHAD, shad. n. s. A kind offish. B. Jonson. 
SHADED, shade, n.s. [pcabu, pcab, Sax. ; scliade, 
Dutch.] The cloud or opacity made by intercep- 
tion of the light. Milton. Darkness ; obscurity. 
Roscommon. Coolness made by interception of the 
sun. Bacon. An obscure place, properly in a grove 
or close wood, by which the light is excluded. SJiak. 
Screen causing an exclusion of light or heat; um- 
brage. Phillips. Protection ; shelter. The parts 
of a picture not brightly coloured. Dryden. A col- 
our ; gradation of light. Locke. The figure formed 
upon any surface corresponding to the body by 
which the light is intercepted ; the shadow. Pope. 
The soul separated from the body ; so called as sup- 
posed by the ancients to be perceptible to the sight, 
not to the touch. A spirit; a ghost ; manes. Dry- 
den. 
To SHADE, shade, v. a. [ycaban, ]*ceaban, Sax.] 
To overspread with opacity. Milton. To cover 
from the light or heat; to overspread. Milton. 
Drijden. To shelter ; to hide. Shale. To protect; 
to cover; to screen. Milton. To mark with differ- 



ent gradations of colours. Milton. 
scure colours. 



To paint in ob- 



SHA'DDOCK*, shad'-d&k. n.s. A kina of orange 

Cliambers. 
SHA'DER*, shi'-dur. n. s. Whoever or whatever 

obscures. Carleton. 
SHA'DINESS, sha'-de-nes. n.s. The state of being 

shady ; umbrageousness. Sherwood. 
SHA'DOW, slmd'-d6. 327, 515. n. s. [ r cabu, Sax. ; 
schaduwe, Dut.] The representation of a body by 
which the light is intercepted. Shak. Opacity ; 
darkness ; shade. Denham. Shelter made by any 
thing that intercepts the light, heat, or influence of 
the air. Spenser. Obscure place. Dryden. Dark 
part of a picture. Dryatn. Any thing perceptible 
only to the sight ; a ghost ; a spirit, or shade. Sliak. 
An imperfect and faint representation: opposed to 
substance. Milton. Inseparable companion. Mil- 
ton. Type ; mystical representation. Milton. Pro- 
tection; shelter; favour. Psalms. 
To SHA'DOW, shad'-d6. v. a. [^cabepan, Sax.] 
To cover with opacity. Ezek. xxxi. To cloud ; to 
darken. Shak. To make cool or gently gloomy 
by interception of the light or heat. Sidney. To 
conceal under cover; to hide; to screen. Shak. 
To protect; to screen from danger; to shroud. 
Slutk. To mark with various gradations of colour, 
or light. Peacham. To paint in obscure colours. 
Dryden. To represent imperfectly. Milton. To 
represent typically. Hooker. 
SHA'DOWGRASS, shad'-do-gras. n. s. A kind of 

grass. 
SHA'DOWING*, shad'-d6-?ng. n.s. Shade in a 

picture ; gradation of light or colour. Feltham. 
SHA'DOWY, shad'-d6-e. a. [ r ceabpi^, Sax.] Full 
of shade; gloomy. Sliak. Not brightly luminous. 
Milton. Faintly representative ; typical. Milton. 
Unsubstantial ; unreal. Addison. Dark ; opaque. 
Milton. 
SHA'DY, sha'-de. a. [pceabpig, Sax.] Full of 
shade ; mildly gloomy. Job, xl. Secure from the 
glare of light, or sultriness of heat. Bacon. 
To SHA'FFLE*, shaf'-fl. v. n. [perhaps a corrup- 
tion of shuffle.] To move with an awkward or ir- 
regular gait ; to hobble. 
SHA'FFLER*, shaf-fl-ur. n. s. One who limps, or 

walks lamely. Huloet. 
SHAFT §, shaft, n.s. [pceapfc, Sax.] An arrow; a 
missive weapon. Sidney, [shaft, Dutch.] A nar- 
row, deep, perpendicular pit. Carew. Any thing 
straight ; the spire of a church. Peacham. [schaft, 
Germ. ; skaft, Su. Goth.] Handle of a weapon. 
Pole of a. carriage. 
SHA'FTED*, shalt'-M. a. Having a handle : a term 
of heraldry, applied to a spear-head, when there 
is a handle to it. 
SHA'FTMENT*, shafl'-ment. n.s. [pearpfc-munb. 
Sax.] Measure of about six inches with the hand ; 
a span. Ray. 
SHAG§, shag. n.s. [pceacga, Sax.; skaeg, Su. 
Goth.] Rough, woolly hair. Shak. A kind of 
cloth. Waterhouse. 
SHAG*, shag. a. Hairy ; shaggy. Shakspeare. 
To SHAG*, shag. v. a. To make shaggy or rough ; 

to deform. Thomson. 
SHAG, shag. n. s. A sea bird. Carew. 
SHA'GGED, shag'-geU 366. Pa. [from shag.] Rug 
SHA'GGY, shag'-ge. 383. S ged ; rough ; hairy. 

Drijden. Rough ; rugged. Milton. 
SHA'GGEDNESS*, shag'-gSd-nes. n. s. State of 

being shagged. More. 
SHAGRE'EN, sha-green'. n.s. Tan eastern word, 
sagri, soghre 1 , and shagrain.] The skin of a kind 
offish, or skin made rough in imitation of it. 
To SHAGRE'EN, sha-green'. See Chagrin. 
To SHAIL, shale, v. n. [schahl, Teut.] To walk 

sideways. L'Estrange. 
To SHAKE §, shake, v. a. pret. shook ; part. pass. 
shaken, -or shook; and formerly shaked. [pcacan, 
rceacan, Sax. ; schoeken, Teut.] To put into a vi- 
brating motion ; to move with quick returns back- 
wards and forwards ; to agitate. Zech. ii. To make 



SHA 



SHA 



— 116, move, ndr, not; — ti\be, rub, bull; — 611; — pound; — thin, this. 



to totter or tremble. Milton. To throw down by a 
violent motion. St. Matt. x. To throw away ; to 
drive oft*. Sliak. To weaken ; to put in clanger. 
Atterbury. To drive from resolution ; to depress ; 
to make afraid. Sliak.— To shake hands. Tin's 
phrase, from the action used among friends at meet- 
ing and parting, sometimes signifies to join with, 
but commonly to take leave oj. Shall. ' To shake 
off. To rid himself of ; to free from ; to divest of. 
Shakspeare. 
To SHAKE, shake, v. n. To be agitated with a vi- 
bratory motion. To totter. Milton. To tremble ; 
to be unable to keep the body still. Shak. To be 
in lerrour; to be deprived of firmness. Dryden. 
SHAKE, shake, n. s. Concussion sufiered. Herbert. 
Impulse; moving power. Addison. Vibratory mo- 
tion. Addison. Motion given and received. Addi- 
son. [In musick.] A graceful close of a song or 
air; the alternate prolation of two notes in juxta- 
position to each other, with a close on the note im- 
mediately beneath the lower of them. Tytler. 
SHA'KEFORK*. shake'-fork. n. s. A fork to toss 

hay about : so a prong is called in some places. 
SHA KER, sha'-kur. 98. n. s. The person or thing 

that shakes. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SHA KING*, sha'-klng. n. s. Vibratory motion. 
Job xli. Concussion. Mannar. State of trembling. 
Waller. 
SHA'KY*, sha'-ke. a. [from sliake.] An appellation 
given by builders to timber, which is cracked 
either with the heat of the sun or the drought of the 
wind. Chambers. 
SHALE, shale, n. s. [for shell.] A husk ; the case of 
seeds in siliquous plants. Sliak. A black, slaty sub- 
stance, or a clay hardened into a stony consistence, 
and so much impregnated with bitumen, that it be- 
comes somewhat like a coal. Chambers. 
To SHALE*, shale, v.a. To peel. Grose. 
SHALL, shal. [See Been.] v. defective, [pceal, 
Sax.] It has no tenses but shall, future, and should, 
imperfect. 
T£f Children are generally taught to pronounce this word 
so as to rhyme with all; and, when they are fixed in 
this pronunciation, and come to read tolerably, they 
have this sound to break themselves of, and pronounce 
it like the first syllable of shal-low. W. 
SHALLO'ON, shal-loon'. n. s. [from Chalons, a town 
in Champagne, where this kind of stuff" was made.] 
A slight woollen stuff". Swift. 
SHA'LLOP, shal'-lup. n. s. [clialoupe, Fr.] A small 

boat. Raleigh. 

SHALLOT*, shal-l&t'. n.s. An eschalot : which see. 

SHA'LLOWS, shaF-16. 327. a. [pcylp, Sax.] Not 

deep ; having the bottom at no great distance from 

the surface or edge. Sliak. Not intellectually deep ; 

not profound ; not very knowing or wise ; empty ; 

trifling; futile; silly. Shak. Not deep of sound. 

Bacon. 

SHA'LLOW, shaV-16. n. 5. A shelf; a sand ; a flat ; 

a shoal ; a place where the water is not deep. Shak. 

To SHA'LLOW*, shaF-16. v. a. To make shallow. 

Sir T. Brown. 
SHA'LLOWBRAINED, shal Mo-brand, a. Foolish ; 

futile; trifling; empty. South. 
SHA'LLOWLY, shaF-16-le. ad. With no great 

depth. Carew. Simply ; foolishly. Shakspeare. 
SHALLOWNESS, shal'-]6-nes. n. s. Want of 
depth. Want of thought ; want of understanding ; 
futility ; silliness ; emptiness. Herbert. 
SHALM, sham. 403. n.s. [schalmey, Teut.] A kind 

of musical pipe. Knolles See Shawm. 
SHALT, shalt. Second person of shall. 
To SHAM§, sham. v. a. [shommi, Welsh; schim 
pen, Teut.] To trick ; to cheat ; to fool with a fraud ; 
to delude with raise pretences. IJ Estrange. To 
obtrude by fraud or folly. L' Estrange. 
To SHAM*, sham. v. n. To make mocks. Prior. 
SHAM, sham. n. s. Fraud; trick; delusion; false 

oretence; imposture. Locke. 
SHAM, sham. a. False; counterfeit ; fictitious ; pre- 
tended. Gay. 
SHA MBLES, sham'-blz. 559. n. s. [rcamel, Sax.] 



The place where butchers kill or sell their meat j 
a butchery. Slutkspeare. 
SHA'MBLING, sham'-bl-lng. n.s. Act of moving awk- 
wardly and irregularly. Dryden. See Scambling. 
SHA'MBLING, shW-bl-ing. 410. a. Moving awk- 
wardly and irregularly. Smith. 
SH A'ME §, shame, n. s. [yceam, r cama, Sax. ; sham, 
Su. Goth.] The passion felt when reputation is sup- 
posed to be lost ; the passion expressed sometimes 
by blushes. Spenser. The cause or reason of 
shame ; disgrace ; ignominy. Sliak. Reproach ; 
infliction of shame. Ecclus. v. 
To SHAME, shame, v.a, To make ashamed; to 

fill with shame. Sliak. To disgrace. Spe7iser. 

To SHAME, shame, v. n. To be ashamed. Spenser 

SHAMEFACED, shame'-faste. 359. a. [rcam- 

psept, Sax.] Modest; bashful ; easily put out of 

countenance. Sidney. 

SHA'MEFACEDLY, shame'-faste-le. ad. Modestly; 

bashfully. Woolton. 
SHA'MEFACEDNESS, shW-faste-nck «. *. 

Modesty ; bashfulness ; timidity. Sidney. 
SHA'MEFUL, shame'-ful. a. Disgraceful; igno- 
minious ; infamous ; reproachful. Spenser. Full of 
indignity or indecency ; raising shame in another. 
Spenser. 
SHA'MEFULLY, shW-ful-e. ad. Disgracefully; 
ignominiously; infamously; reproachfully. Milton. 
With indignity; with indecency; so as ought to 
cause shame. Spenser. 
SHA'MELESS, shame'-les. a. [rcamleap, Sax.] 
Wanting shame; wanting modesty; impudent; 
frontless ; immodest ; audacious. Shakspeare. 
SHA'MELESSLY, shW-les-le. ad. Impudently; 

audaciously ; without shame. 2 Sam. vi. 
SHA'MELESSNESS, shameMes-ngs. n. s. [rcara- 
leapneppe, Sax.] Impudence ; want of shame ; 
immodesty. Sidney. 
SHA'MER*, sha'-mfir. n. s. Whoever or whatever 

makes ashamed. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SHA'MMER, sham'-m&r. 98. n. s. A cheat; an im- 
postor. 
SHA'MOIS, shanV-me. n. s. [chamois, Fr.] A kind 

of wild goat. Shakspeare. See Chamois. 
SHA MROCK, sham'-rflk. 166. n. s. The Irish name 

for three-leaved grass. Spenser. 
SHANK §, shangk. 408. n. s. [pceanc, j*canc, Sax.] 
The middle joint of the leg; that part which 
reaches from the ankle to the knee. Spenser. The 
bone of the leg. Shakspeare. Leg or support of 
any thing. Ray. The long part of any instru- 
ment. Moxon. An herb. 
SHA'NKED, shangkt. 359. a. Having a shank. 
SHA'NKER, shangk'-ur. 98. n. s. [chancre, Fr.] A 

venereal excrescence. 
SHA'NTY*, shan'-te. a. [perhaps a corruption of 

janty.] Showy; gay. 
To SHAPE §, shape, v.a. preter. shaped ; part, pass, 
shaped and shapen ; anciently shope. [pceapian r 
Sax. ; sclieppen, Teut.] To form ; to mould, with 
respect to external dimensions. Sliak. To mould ; 
to cast ; to regulate ; to adjust. Raleigh. To im- 
age ; to conceive. Sliak. To make ; to create 
Psalm li. 
To SHAPE*, shape, v. n. To square ; to suit. Shak 
SHAPE, shape, n.s. Form; external appearance. 
Rev. ix. Make of the trunk of the body. Addison. 
Being, as moulded into form. Milton. Idea pat- 
tern. Milton. It is now used in low conversation 
for manner. 
SHA'PELESS, shape'-lSs. a. Wanting regularity 

of form; wanting symmetry of dimensions. Shak. 
SHA'PESMfTH, shape'-snA/t. n. s. [shape and 
smith.] One who undertakes to improve the form 
of the body : a burlesque word. Garth. 
SHATEL1NESS, shapeMe-nes. n. s. Beauty or pro 

Dortion of form. 
SHA'PELY, shape'-le. a. Symmetrical ; well form 

ed. Dr. Warton. 
SHARD §, shard, n. s. [schaerde, Frisick; pcipan, 
Sax.] A fragment of an earthen vessel, or of any 
brittle substance. Milton. The shell of an egg or 
829 



SHA 



SHE 



fly 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, mfa; — pine, pin ;- 



a snail, Gower. [chard.] A plant. Dryden. A 
frith or strait. Spenser. A sort offish. 
SHA'RDBORNE, shard'-b6rn. a. Borne along the 

air by sheathed wings. Sliakspeare. 
SHA'RDED, shard'-ed. a. Having wings within 

shells as it wer<> r, sheathwinged. Gower. 
To SHARE §, snare, v. a. (jceapan, rcipan, Sax.] 
To divide ; to part among many. Shak. To par- 
take with others ; to seize or possess jointly with 
another. Milton. To cut; to separate; to shear. 
Milton. 
To SHARE, share, v. n. To have part ; to have a 

dividend. Sliakspeare. 
SHARE, share, n. s. Part; allotment; dividend ob- 
tained. Milton. — Togo shares. To partake. Law. — 
A part contributed. Brown. [pceap, Sax.] The 
blade of the plough that cuts the ground. Dryden. 
SHA'REBONE, share'^ne. n.s. The os pubis; 
the bone that divides the trunk from the limbs. 
Derham. 
SHA'RER, sha'-rur. 98. n.s. One who divides, or 
apportions to others ; a divider. A partaker; one 
who participates any thing with others. Daniel. 
SHA'RING*, share'-lng. n. s. Participation. Spen- 
ser. 
SHARK §, shark, n. s. A voracious sea-fish. Thom- 
son. A greedy, artful fellow ; one who fills his 
pockets by sly tricks, [skurk, skurka, Su. Goth.] 
South. Trick; fraud; petty rapine. South. 
To SHARK, shark, v. a. To pick up hastily orslily. 

Sliakspeare. 
To SHARK, shark, v. n. To play the petty thief; to 
practise cheats ; to live by fraud. Dr. White. To 
fawn for a dinner; to beg. Patrick. 
SHA'RKER*, shark'-nr. 71. s. One who lives upon 

the shark ; an artful fellow. Sir H. Wotton. 
SHA RKING*, shark'-ing. n.s. Petty rapine ; trick. 

Dr. Westjcld. 
SHARP§, sharp, a. Jjceapp, Sax. ; scherpe, Dutch.] 
Keen; piercing; having a keen edge; having an 
acute point ; not blunt. Sliak. Terminating in a 
point or edge ; not obtuse. More. Acute of mind ; 
witty; ingenious; inventive. Sidney. Quick, as 
of sight or hearing. Davies. Sour without astrin- 
gency; sour, but not austere; acid. Spenser. 
Shrill ; piercing the ear with a quick noise ; not 
flat. Bacon. Severe ; harsh ; biting ; sarcastick. 
Sluzk. Severe; quick to punish ; cr.uel ; severely 
rigid. Sliak. Eager; hungry; keen upon a quest. 
• Milton. Painful ; afflictive. Knolles. Fierce; ar- 
dent; fiery. Milton. Attentive ; vigilant. Dryden. 
Acrid; biting; pinching; piercing, as the cold. 
Ray. Subtile; nice; witty; acule : of things. 
Hooker. [Among workmen.] Hard. Moxon. 
Emaciated; lean. Milton. 
SHARP, sharp, n. s. A sharp or acute sound. Shak. 

A pointed weapon ; small sword; rapier. Collier. 
To SHARP, sharp, v. a. To make keen. B. Jonson. 

To render quick. Spenser. 
To SHARP, sharp, v. n. To play thievish tricks. 

L 1 Estrange. 
To SHARPEN, shar'-pn. 103. v. a. [ r ceappan, 
j-ceppan, Sax.] To make keen ; to edge ; to point. 
Hooker. To make quick, ingenious, or acute. As- 
cham. To make quicker of sense. Milton. To 
make eager or hungry. Shak. To make fierce 
or angry. Job, xvi. To make biting, sarcastick, 
or severe. Smith. To make less fiat; more pierc- 
ing to the ears. Bacon. To make sour. 
To SHARPEN*, shar'-pn. v. n. To grow sharp. 

Shakspeaie. 
SHA'RPER, sharp'-fir. 98. n. s. A tricking fellow ; 

a petty thief; a rascal. Arbuthnot. 
SHA'RPLY, sharp'-le. ad. [ r ceapplice,Sax.] With 
keenness; with good edge or point. Severely; 
rigorously ; roughly. Spenser. Keenly ; acutely ; 
vigorously. B. Jonson. Afflictively; painfully. 
Hay ward. With quickness. Bacon. Judiciously; 
acutely ; wittily. 
SHARPNESS, sharp'-nes. n. s. [yceappne r re, 
Sax.] Keenness of edge or point. Sidney. Not 
obtuseness. Wotton. Sourness without austereness. 



Watts. Severity of language ; satirical sarcasm 
Shak. Pamfulness; afflictiveness. South, intel 
lectual acuteness ; ingenuity ; wit. Hooker. Quick 
ness of senses. Hooker. 
SHARP-SET, sharp-set', a. [sharp and set.] Hun 
. gry; ravenous. Brown. Eager; vehemently de 

sirous. Sidney. 
SHARP-SIGHTED, sharp-sl'-ted. a. Having quick 

sight. Davies. 
SHARP-VISAGED, sharp-vlz'-ldj'd. 90. a. Having 

a sharp countenance. Hale. 
SHARP-WITTED*, sharp'-wn-tgd. a. Having an 

acute mind. Wotton. 
SHASH*. See Sash. 
SHA'STER*, shas'-tfir. n. s. The Gentoo scriptures 

in general. Halhed. 

To SHATTER §, shat'-tur. 98. v. a. [pcafcepan, 

Sax. ; schetteren, Teut.] To break at once into 

many pieces ; to break so as to scatter the parts. 

Shak. To dissipate; to make incapable of close 

and continued attention. Norris. 

To SHATTER, shat'-tftr. v. n. To be broken, or to 

fall, bv any force applied, into fragments. Bacon. 

SHATTER, shaY-tur. n. s. One part of many into 

which any thing is broken at once. Sivit't. 
SHA'TTERBRAINED, shat'-tur-brand.' 359. ? „ 
SHA'TTERPATED, shat'-tur-pa-uM. \ 

[from shatter, brain, and pate.] Inattentive; not 
consistent. Goodman. A low word. 
SHATTERY, shat'-t&r-e. 182. a. Disunited; not 
compact; easily falling into many parts; loose of 
texture. Woodward. 
To SHAVER, shave, r. a. pret. shaved, part, shaved 
or shaiien. [pcapan, ycaepan. Sax. ; shaeven, Dut.] 
To pare off' with a razor. Leviticus. To pare close 
to the surface. Milton. To skim by passing near, 
or slightly touching. Milton. To cut in thin slices 
Bacon. To strip; to oppress by extortion ; to pil- 
lage. 
SHAVE-GRASS, shave'-gras. n. s. An herb. 
SHAWELING, shave'-lhig. 410. n. s. A man shaved ; 

a friar, or religious. Spenser. 
SHAWER, sha'-vur. 98. n.s. [-rceepepe, Sax.] A 
man that practises the art of shaving. Bp. Rich- 
ardson. A man closely attentive to his own inter- 
est. Swifl. A robber; a plunderer. Knolles. 
SHAVING, sha'-vlng. 410. n. s. A thin slice pared 

oft' from any body. Bacon. 
SHAW, shaw. n. s. [j*cua, Sax.; schawe, Dutch.] 

A small shady wood in a valley. Gower. 
SHA'WFOWL, shaw'-fSul. n. s. An artificial fowl 

made by fowlers on purpose to shoot at. 
SHAWL*, shawl, n. s. A part of modern female 
dress, brought from India into this country; a kind 
of cloak. Boswell. 
SIIA'WM, shavvn. n. s. [schalmey, Teut.] A haul 
boy; a cornet : written likewise slialm. Ps. Com 
man Prayer. 
SHE, shee". pronoun. In oblique cases, her. [sche 
Norman ; £cae, pco. Sax.] The female pronoun 
demonstrative; the woman; the woman before 
mentioned. Donne. It is sometimes used for a wo- 
man* absolutely, with some degree of contempt. 
Sliak. The female; not the male. Sliakspeare. 
SHEAF §, shefe. 227. n. s. sheaves, plural. [pceap. 
Sax.] A bundle of stalks of corn bound together, 
that the ears may dry. Fairfax. Any bundle or 
collection held together. Locke. 
To SHEAF*, shefe. v. n. To make sheaves. Shak. 
To SHEAL, shele. 227. v. a. To shell. See Shale. 

Sliakspeare. 
To SHEAR §, shere. 227. v. a. pret. shore, or shear- 
ed ; part. pass, shorn, [rceapan, Sax. This word 
is frequently written stieer, but improperly.] To 
clip or cut by interception between two blades 
moving on a rivet. Gen. xxxi. To cut by inter- 
ception. Grew. To cut down as by the sickle; 
to reap. Gower. 
To SHEAR, shere. v. n. To n.ake an indirect 

course. To pierce. Sir E. Sandys. 
SHEAR, shere. ) n. s. [it is seldom used in the 

SHEARS, sherz. 227. X singular.] An instrument 
830 



SHE 



SHE 



— n6, move, ndr, not ;— tul*\ tub. bull ;— o?l ;— p6und ;— thm, thjs. 



to cut, consisting- of two Wades moving on a pin, 
between which the thing cut is intercepted. Shears 
are a larger, and scissors a smaller instrument 
of the same kind. Sidney. The denomination of 
the age of sheep. Mortimer. Any thing in the 
form of the blades of shears. Wings. Spenser. 

SHEARD, sherd. 234. it. s. [reeanb, Sax.] A fra 
ment ; now commonly written share. Isa. xxx. 

S HE ARER, sheerer. 98. n.s. One that clips with 
shears ; particularly one that fleeces sheep. Mil- 
ton. A reaper. 

SHEARMAN, sheer'-man. S8. n. s. He that shears 
ShaJcspeare. 

SHEARWATER, shere'-wa-tur. n s. A fowl. 
Ainsicorth. 

SHEATH $,she*/i. 227. w. s. [rcseSe, Sax.] The 
case of any thing 3 the scabbard of a weapon, 
Spmttr. 

To SHEATH, ) , . „ Ar7 { v. a. To enclose 

To SHEATHE, ^hexH-467 J jn a ^.^ op 

scabbard ; to enclose in any ease. Waller. [In 

philosophy.] To obtund any acrid particles. Boyle. 
To Si with a sheath. 'Shak. To defend the main 

body by an outward covering. Raleigh. 
SHEA THLESS*, shM'-les. a. Without a sheath. 

Eusdm. 
SHEATHWINGED, shM'-wing'd. a. Having 

hard cases which are folded over the wings. Broun. 
SHEA THY, sheth-e. 182. a. Forming a sheath 

Brown. 
To SHEAVE*, sheve. v. a. To bring together ; to 

collect. Ashmole. 
SHEARED*, shev'd. a. Made of straw. Shak. 
SHE'CKLATON, sbek'-la-too. n. s. [a corruption of 

the French cklalon.] Gilded leather. Spe7iser. 
To SHED $, shed. t>. a. [rceban, Sax.] To effuse ; to 

pour out 5 to spill. St. wait. xxvi. To scatter; to 

let fall. Bacon. 
To SHED, shed. v. n. To let fall its parts. Mortimer. 
SHED, shed. n. s. []*ceb,Sax.] A slight, temporary 

covering. Fairfax. [In composition.] Effusion ; 

as, blood-s/ied. 
SHE'DDER, shed'-dur. 98. n.s. A spiller j one who 

sheds. Ezek. xviii. 
SHEEN §, sheen. 246. ) a. [ r cen, rcene, Sax.] 

SHEE'NY |, sheen'-e. 182. \ Bright ; glittering ; 

showy; fair. Spenser. Ob. J. 
SHEEN, sheen, n. s. Brightness ; splendour. Milton. 

Ob. J. 
SHEEP §, sheep. 246. n. s. pi. likewise sheep, [rceap, 

Sax.] The animal that bears wool, remarkable for 

its usefulness and innocence. Dryclen. [In con- 
tempt.] A foolish, silly fellow. Ainsworth. [In 

theology.] The people, considered as under the 

direction of God. or of their pastor. Psalms. 
To SHEE'PBITE, sheep'-blte. v. n. [sheep and bite.] 

To use petty thefts. Shakspea7-e. 
SHEE P BITER, sheep'-blte-ur. n.s. A petty thief. 

Tusser. 
SHEEPCOT, sheep'-kot. n. s. A little enclosure 

for sheep. ShaJcspeare. 
SHEE'PFOLD, sheep'-fold. n.s. [slieep and fold.] 

The place where sheep are enclosed. Prior. 
SHEEPHOOK, sheep'-hook. n. s. A.hook fastened 

to a pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs 

of their sheep. Bacon. 
SHEE'PISH, sheep'-lsh. a. Relating to sheep. Staf- 
ford. Bashful ; over-modest ; timorously and 

meanly diffident. Locke. 
SHEE'PISHLY* sheep'-ish-le. ad. Timorously; 

with mean diffidence. Goodman. 
SHEE'PISHNESS, sheep'-ish-nes. n. s. Bashful- 

ness ; mean and timorous diffidence. Herbert. 
SHEE PMASTER, sheep'-ma-stur. n. s. A feeder 

of sheep. Bacon. 
SHEEP'S-EYE, sheep's-F. n. s. A modest, diffident 

look ; a kind of leer ; a wishful glance. Dryden. 
SHEE PSHEARER*, sheep'-shere-ur. ns. One who 

shears sheep. Gen. xxxviii. 
SHEEPSHE ARIXG, sheep'-shere-lng. n.s. The 

time of shearing sheep ; the feast made when sheep 

are shorn. South. 



SHEEPSTEALER*, sheep'-steel-ir. n . e . A thief 
who takes away slieep. Burton. 

SHEE P WALK, sheep'-wawk. n. s. Pasture for 
sheep. Milton. 

SHEERS, shere. 246. a. [peine, ycep., Sax.; schier, 
Germ.] Pure; clear; unmingled. Spenser. 

SHEER, shere. 246. ad. Clean; quick; at once. 
Mi/ton. Not now in use, except in low language. 
To SHEER, shere. v. a. See Shear. 
To SHEER off. v. n. To steal away ; to slip off 
clandestinely. 

SHEE RLY*, shere'-le. ad. At once ; quite ; abso 
lutely. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

, SHEERS, sheerz. n. s. See Shears. 

SHEET $, sheet. 246.rc.s. [ r ceafc,rcet, rcyfc, Sax.] 
A broad and large piece of linen. Acts, x. The linen 
of a bed. Sliak. [ecoutes, Fr. ; echoten, Dutch.] 
In a ship, are ropes Dent to the clews of the sails, 
which serve in all the lower sails to hale or round 
off the clew of the sail ; but in topsails they draw 
the sail close to the yard arms. Suckling. As 
much paper as is made in one body. Locke. A 
single complication or fold of paper in a book. Any 
thing- expanded. Sliakspeare. Sheets in the plural 
is taken for a book. Waterland. 

SHEET-Anchor, sheet-angk'-kur. n. s. [formerly 
shoot-anchor.] The largest anchor ; which, in stress 
of weather, is the mariner's last refuge, when an 
extraordinary stiff gale of wind happens. Bailey. 

To SHEET, sheet, v. a. To furnish with sheets; to 
infold in a sheet. Sliak. To cover as with a sheet, 
Shakspeare. 

SHEE'TING* sheet'-lng. n.s. Cloth for making 
sheets. Bp. Berkeley. 

SHE'KEL, shek'-kl. 102. n. s. [hpv] An ancient 
Jewish coin equal to four Attick drachms, or four 
Roman denarii, in value about 2s. 6d. sterling, 
Camden. 

SHE'LDAPLE, sheF-da-pl. «. s: A chaffinch. 

SHE'LDRAKE, sheF-drake. n. s. A bird that preys 
on fishes ; a kind of wild duck. Burton. 

SHE'LDUCK, sheF-ddk. n. s. A kind of wild duck. 
Mortimer. 

SHELF §, shelf, n. s. [rcylp, ycelj:, Sax.] A board 
fixed against a supporter, so that any thing may be 
placed upon it. Shak. A sand bank in the sea ; a 
rock under shallow water. B. Jonson. 

SHE'LFY, shelf -e. a. Full of hidden rocks or banks ; 
full of dangerous shallows. Dryden. 

SHELL*, shel. n.s. [rcyll, rcell, Sax.; scJiale, 
schelle, Teut.; schale, Germ.] The hard covering 
of any thing; the external crust. Burnet. The 
covering of a testaceous or crustaceous animal. B. 
Jonson. The covering of the seeds of siliquous 
plants. Arbuthnot. The covering of kernels. Donne. 
The covering of an egg. Shak. The outer part of 
a house. Addison. It is used for a musical instru- 
ment in poetry, the first lyre being said to have 
been made by straining strings over the shell of a 
tortoise. Dryden. The superficial part. Ayliffe. 
[In artillery.] A bomb. 

To SHELL, shel. v. a. [ayceahaii, Sax.] To take 
out of the shell ; to strip of the shell. 

To SHELL, shel. v. n. To fall off, as broken shells 
Wiseman. To cast the shell. 

SHE'LLDUCK, sheT-duk. See Shelduck. 

SHE'LLFISH, shel'-flsh. n. s. [rcp-j:ir? a r> Sax l 
Fish invested with a hard covering, either testa- 
ceous, as oysters, or crustaceous, as lobsters. 
Woodward. 

SHE'LLMEAT*, sheF-meet. n. s. Food consisting of 
shell-fish. Fuller. 

SHE'LL WORK*, sheF-wurk. n.s. Work made of, 
or trimmed with shells. Cotgrave. 

SHE'LLY, sheF-le. a. Abounding with shells. Prior. 
Consisting of shells. Shakspeare. 

SHELTER $, sheF-lur. 98. n. s. [fcylb, Sax. ; ski- 
oldr, Icel.] A cover from any external injury or 
violence. Shak. A protector; a defender: one 
that gives security. Ps. lxi. The state of being 
covered ; protection ; security. Denliam. 

To SHE'LTER, sheT-tur. v. a. To cover from ex • 
831 



SHI 



SHI 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



ternal violence. Milton. To defend ; to protect ; 
to succour with refuge ; to harbour. Dryden. To 
betake to cover. Abbot. To cover from notice. 
Prior. 

To SHERTER, shel'-t&r. v. n. To take shelter. 
Milton. To give shelter. Thomson. 

SHERTERLESS, shel'-t&r-lgs. a. Harbourless; 
without home or refuge. Rowe. 

SHERTERY*, shel'-tfir-e. a. Affording shelter. 
White. 

SHF/LTIE*, sh&'-te. n. s. A small horse, so called 
in Scotland. Martin. 

To SHELVE*, shelv. v.a. To place on shelves. 
Comm. on Chaucer. 

SHELVING, sheV-mg. 410. a. Sloping 3 inclining} 
having declivity. Shakspeare. 

SHERVY, shel'-ve. a. Shallow; rocky; full of 
banks. Shakspeare. 

To SHEND, shend. v. a. preter. and part. pass. 
slient. (jcenban, Sax. ; schenden, Dutch.] To ru- 
in; to spoil; to mischief. Tusser. To disgrace; 
to degrade ; to blame ; to reproach. Spenser. To 
overpower ; to crush ; to surpass. Spenser. 

SHEPHERD §, shep'-p&rd. 98, 515. n.s. (jceap 
and henb, Sax.] One who tends sheep in the pas- 
ture. Shak. A swain ; a rural lover. Raleigh. 
One who tends a congregation ; a pastor. Prior. 

SHERHERDESS, shep'-pur-des. n.s. A woman 
that tends sheep ; a rural lass. Sidney. 

SHEPHERDS Needle, n. s. Venus comb : an herb. 

SHEPHERDS Purse, or Pouch, n.s. A common 
weed. Drayton. 

SHERHERDS Rod. n. s. Teasel : a plant. 

SHE PHERDISH, shep'-purd-lsh. a. Resembling a 
shepherd ; suiting a shepherd ; pastoral ; ruslick. 
Sidney. Ob. J. 

SHE PHERDLY*, shep'-pfird-le. «• Pastoral ; rus- 
tick. Bp. Taylor. 

SHERBET, sher-beY. n. s. [Persian.] A drink in 
Persia that quenches thirst, and tastes deliriously : 
the composition is cool water, into which they in- 
fuse sirup of lemons and rose-water ; in those tor- 
rid countries the most refreshing sort of liquor that 
can be invented. Herbert. 

SHERD, sh^rd. n.s. (jceapb, Sax_.] A fragment 
of broken earthenware, Dryden. See Shard. 

SHERIFF^, sheV-?f. n.s. frcypeSepepa, Sax.] 
An officer to whom is intrusted in each county the 
execution of the laws. Bacon. 

SHERIFFALTY, sher'-lf-al-te, 

SHERIFFDOM, sher'-lf-dom. 

SHERIFFSHIP, sheV-lf-shlp. 

SHERIFFWICK, sheV-lf-wik, 

SHERRIS, sheV-rk 

SHERRIS Sack, sheV-ris-sak. 

SHERRY, sheV-re. ) 

Sliakspeare. 

SHEW§,sh6. See Show. 
To SHEW*. See To Show. 

SHE'WER*, sh6'-ur. n.s. One who showeth or 
teacheth what is to be done. Huloet. 

SHIBBOLETH*, shlb'-bo-le^. n.s. [Hebrew; 
an ear of corn, and also floods of water.] A word 
which was made a criterion, whereby the Gilead- 
ites distinguished the Ephraimites in their pro 
nouncing s for. sh : hence, in a figurative sense, 
the criterion of a party. South. 

SHIDE, shlde. n. s. [rcibe. Sax.] A piece split off, 
spoken of wood, a cleft shide : a small solid piece 
of wood ; a billet ; not a slip or splinter. 
SHIELD §, sheeld. 275. n. s. [jcylb, Sax.] A buck- 
ler; a broad piece of defensive armour held on the 
left arm to ward off blows. Shak. Defence ; pro- 
tection. One that gives protection or security. 
Dryden. 
To SHIELD, sheeld. v. a. [j-cylban, Sax.] To 
cover with a shield. To defend ; to protect ; to 
secure. Sliak. To keep off; to defend against. 
Spenser. 
To SHIFT §, shift, v.n. (Vcypfcan, Sax.] To change 
place. Woodward. To change ; to give place to 
other things. Locke. To change clothes, particu- 



\ n. s. The office 

' or jurisdiction 
of a sheriff. 

; Bacon. 

a. s. [from Xeres, 
in Spain.] A kind 
of Spanish wine. 



larly the linen. Young. To find some expedient* 
to act or live, though with difficulty. Daniel. To 
practise indirect methods. Raleigh. To take some 
method for safety. V Estrange. 

To SHIFT, shift, v. a. To change; to alter. Sivift. 
To transfer from place to place. Tusser. To put 
by some expedient out of the way. Shak. To 
change in position. Raleigh. To change as clothes. 
Slunk. To dress in fresh clothes. Sluxk. — To shift 
off. To defer; to put away by some expedient. 
Dryden. 

SHIFT, shift, n.s. Change. Wotton. Expedient 
found or used with difficulty; difficult means 
Sidney. Indirect expedient; mean refuge; last 
resource. Hooker. Fraud; artifice; stratagem. 
Denham. Evasion ; elusory practice. Hooker. 
A woman's under linen. 

SHI'FTER, shlfi?-ur. 98. n. s. One who changes or 
alters the position of a thing : as, a scene-s/ii/ter. 
One who plays tricks ; a man of artifice. Bur- 
ton. 

SHIRTING*, sniff-tog. n.s. Act of changing; act 
of putting by some expedient out of the way. 
Bacon. Evasion ; fraud. Mirror for Magistrates. 

SHFFTINGLY*, shlft/-lng-le. ad. Cunningly; de- 
ceitfully. Cotgrave. 

SHIRTLESS, shlft'-les. a. Wanting expedients; 
wanting means to act or live. Derham. 

To SHILL*, shll. v. a. To separate; to shell. See 
To Shell. To put under cover : more properly 
slieal : as, shilling sheep. 

SHFLLING, shllMlng. 410. n.s. [ r cyllin£,Sax.and 
Erse ; slielling, Dutch.] A coin of various value 
in different times. It is now twelve pence. Locke 

SHILL-I-SHALL-I, shilMe-shal-le. A corrupt re 
duplication of shall I? The question of a man lies 
Hating. To stand shill-I-shall-I is to continue 
hesitating and procrastinating. Congreve. 

SHFLY. See Shyly. 

roSHFMMER^shlm'-mfir.v.n. []-cymjiian,Sax. ; 
schimmern, Germ.] To gleam. Cliaucer. 

SHIN, shin. n. s. [j-cina, Sax. ; schien, Germ.] The 
forepart of the leg. Shakspeare. 

To SHINE §, shine, v.n. preterit I shone, I have 
shone; sometimes i" shinea, I have shined. [skeinan, 
Goth. ; j*cman, Sax.] To have bright resplend- 
ence; to glitter; to glisten; to gleam. Shak. To 
be without clouds. Shak. To be glossy. Jer. v. 
To be gay ; to be splendid. Spenser. To be beau- 
tiful. Pope. To be eminent or conspicuous. Shak. 
To be propitious. Num. vi. To give light, real or 
figurative. Wisdom, v. 

To SHINE*, shine, v. a. To cause to shine. Wic 
life. 

SHINE, shine, n.s. [-peine, Sax. See Sheen.] Fair 
weather. Dryden. Brightness ; splendour ; lustre 
Ps. xcvii. 

SHFNESS, shl'-nes. n. s. Unwillingness to be tracta 
ble or familiar. Temple. 

SHFNGLE§, shlng'-gl. 405. n.s. [schindel, Germ, 
from scindula, Lat.] A thin board to cover houses; 
a sort of tiling. Mortimer. 

To SHFNGLE*, shlng'-gl. v.a. To cover with tiles 
or shingles. Evehjn. 

SHFNGLESi shlng'-glz. 405. n. s. [wants the sin 
gular.] [cingulum, Lat.] A kind of tetter or herpes 
that spreads itself round the loins. Arbuthnot. 

SHFN1NGNESS*, shl'-nlng-nes. n. s. Brightness ; 
splendour. Spence. 

SHFNY, shl'-ne. a. Bright ; splendid ; luminous. 
Spenser. 

SHIP, ship, [yelp, ]*cyp, Sax. ; schap, Dutch.] A 
termination noting quality or adjunct, as lordship ; 
or office, as stewardship. 

SHIP§, ship. n. s. []*cip, Sax. ; schip, Teut.] A ship 
may be defined a large hollow building made to 
pass over the sea with sails. Watts. 
To SHIP, ship. v. a. [j-cipian, Sax.] To put into a 
ship. Shak. To transport in a ship. Shak. [In 
naval language.] To receive into the ship : as, to 
ship a heavy sea. 

SHFPBOARD, shlpM^rd. n.s. This word is se' 
83°Z 



SHI 



SHO 



— \vS, nirtvo. oftf, not ; — tube. t ; M>, bull ; — oil ; — pound ;— thin, th'is. 



dom used but in adverbial phrases : <' shipboard, 

on shipboard, in a ship. Bramhall. The plank of 

a ship. £?e£. xxvii. 
SHl'PBOY. ship'-bde. n. s. Boy that servos in the 

ship. S!uds}xure. 
Sill PLESS*, slrip'-les. a. Without ships. Gray. 
SHI'PMAN, ship'-man. 88. n.s. Sailor; seaman. 

Sha/'csixare. 
SHIPMASTER, sh?p'-ma-slfir. n.s. Master of the 

ship. Jon. i. 
SH1TMONEY*, shlp'-mfin-ne. n. s. An imposition 

formerly levied on port towns, and other places, 

for fitting out ships; revived in king- Charles the 

First's time, and abolished in the same reign. 

Selden. 
SHITPEN*,sh]p^pen.7i.s.[rcypen, Sax.] A stable; 

a cowhouse. Chaucer. 
SHIPPING, sh?p'-plng. 410. n. s. Vessels of naviga- 
tion ; fleet. Raleigh. Passage in a ship. St. John, 

vi. 
SHI'PWRECK, shlp'-rgk. n. s. [ship and urreck.] 

The destruction ot ships by rocks or shelves. 

Walter. The parts of a shattered ship. Dryden. 

Destruction ; miscarriage. 1 Tim. i. 

ff£T The pronunciation of the latter part of this word, as 
if written rack, is now become vulgar. W. 

To SHI'PWRECK, shlp'-r3k. v. a. To destroy by 
dashing on rocks or shallows. Shak. To make to 
suffer the dangers of a wreck. Prior. To throw 
bv loss of the vessel. Shakspcare. 

SHIPWRIGHT, shfp'-rite. n. s. [ship and vorigU.] 
A builder of ships. Raleigh. 

SHIRE §, shere. 8, 106. n.s. [jcip, j-cip.an, Sax. to 
divide.] A division of the kingdom ; a county ; so 
much of the kingdom as is under one sheriff. 
Spenser. 

fyCr* The pronunciation of this word is very irregular, as 
it is the only pure English word in the language where 
the final e does not produce the long diphthongal sound 
of i when the accent is on it: but this irregularity is 
so fixed as to give the regular sound a pedantick stiff- 
ness. Mr. Sheridan, Mr Scott, and Buchanan, howev- 
er, have adopted this sound, in which they have been 
followed by Mr. Smith ; but Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Lowth, 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, are for the irregu- 
lar sound; W.Johnston gives both, but places the ir- 
regular first; and the Grammar called Bickerstaff's, 
recommended by Steele, adopts this sound, and gives 
this rule : 

" To sound like double (e) (i) does incline ; 

" As in machine, and shire, and magazine ; 

" Like (a) in sirrah ; but writ (oi) In joi/i." 
It may likewise be observed, that this word, when unac- 
cented at the end of words, as Nottinghamshire, Wilt- 
shire, &c, is always pronounced with the i like ee. W. 
[shore or shire, Jones ; shire or sherc, Fulton and 
Knight.] 

SHI'REMOTE*, shere'-mite. n.s. [ r cip-£emot, 
Sax.] Anciently, a county court ; a meeting of the 
persons of the county on an extraordinary occa- 
sion. Burke. 

To SHIRK*, sherk. w. n. To shark ; to practise mean 
or artful tricks. Harbottle Grimstone, Speech against 
Abp. Laud. 

To SHIRK*, sherk. n. a. To procure by mean tricks ; 
to steal. Bp. Rainbow. To avoid. 

SHIRL*, sherl. a. Shrill. See Shrill. 

SHIRT §, shfirt. 108. n. s. [scyrta, Icel.] The under 
linen garment of a man. Gower. 

To SIHRT, sh&rt. v. a. To cover ; to clothe as in a 
shirt 

SHPRTLESS, sh&rt'-les. a. Wanting a shirt. Pope. 

SHPTTAH, stnV-ta. ) n.s. A sort of precious wood, 

SHI'TTIM, shu'-tim. S of which Moses made the 
greatest part of the tables, altars, and planks, be- 
longing; to the tabernacle. Calrnet. 

SHPTTLE §*, shlt'-tl. a. Wavering; unsettled: as, 
a shittle-headed or s/utt/e-brained person. Mirror 
for Magistrates. 

SHl'TTLENESS*, sluY-tl-nes. n.s. Unsettledness ; 
inconstancy; lightness. Barret. 

SHI'TTLECOCK.shh'-tl-kok. n.s. [commonly, and 
105 



as properly, shuttlecock. The etymology 
is doubtful.] A cork stuck with feathers, and driven 
by players from one to another with battledoors. 
Collier. 

55" The most natural derivation of this word seems to 
arise from the motion of a shuttle, and therefore it 
ought to be written and pronounced shuttlecock. W. 

SH1VE, shive. n.s. [schyf, Dutch.] A slice of bread. 
Warner. A thick splinter, or lamina cut off - from 
the main substance. Boyle. 

TbSHPVER, sluV-ur. 1)8. v.n. [from shive.] To 
fall at once into many parts or shives. ShaJcspeare. 

ToSHI'VER. sluV-ur. v. a. To break by one act 
into many parts ; to shatter. Milton. 

To SHI'VER §, sluV-ur.u.72. [skefiur, Icel. ; huyver- 
en, Teut.] To quake; to tremble ; to shudder, as 
with cold or fear. Bacon. 

SHFVER, slnV-ftr. 515. n.s. One fragment of 
many into which any thing is broken. Sluik. A 
thin slice ; a little piece. Chaucer. A shaking fit ; 
a tremour. A spindle. Hist. R. S. [In naval 
language.] A wheel fixed in a channel or block. 

SHrVERlNG*, sluV-fir-ing. 7i.s. Act of trembling. 
Goodman. Division ; dismemberment. Bacon. 

SHFVERY, shiv'-ur-e. a. Loose of coherence ; i«- 
compact; easily falling into many fragments. 
Woodicard. 

SHOA'DSTONE, sh&de'-sl&ne. n. s. A small stone, 
smooth without, of a dark liver colour, and of the 
same colour within, only with the addition of a 
faint purple. It is a fragment broke off an iron 
vein. Woodward. 

SHOAL §, sh6le. 295. n. s. [r-ceole, Sax.] A crowd; 
a great multitude ; a throng. Bacon. A shallow ; 
a sand-bank. Abbot. 

To SHOAL, shole. v.n. T„ crowd ; to throng. 
Chapman. To be shallow ; to grow shallow. 
| Milton. 

SHOAL, shole. a. Shallow; obstructed or encum- 
bered with banks. Spenser. 

SHO'ALINESS, sh6'-le-nes. n. s. Shallowness; fre- 
quency of shallow places. 

SHOA'LY, sh<V-le. a. Full of shoals; full of shallow 
places. 

SHOCKS, sh&k. n.s. [choc, old Fr. ; schock, Teut.] 
Conflict ; mutual impression of violence ; violent 
concourse. Milton. Concussion ; external violence. 
Judge Hale. The conflict of enemies. Milton. 
Offence; impression of disgust. Young, [shocke, 
Teut.] A pile of sheaves of corn. Tusser. [from 
shag.] A rough dog. Locke. 

To SHOCK, shok. v. a. [rceacan, Sax. ; schocken, 
Germ.] To shake by violence. To meet force 
with force ; to encounter. Shak. To offend ; to 
disgust. Dryden. 
To SHOCK, sh&k. v. n. To meet with hostile vio- 
lence. Pope. To be offensive. Addison. 
To SHOCK, shok. v. n. To build up piles of sheaves. 
7 r usser. 

SHO / CKINGLY*,shok'-mg-le. ad. So as to disgust; 
offensively. Ld. Chesterfield. 

SHOD, for shoed, sh6d. The preterit and participle 
passive of To shoe. Tusser. 

SHOE §,sh6ft. 29G. n. s. plural shoes, anciently shoon. 
[rco. Sax. ; schu, Germ. ; shohs, M. Goth.] The 
cover of the foot ■ of horses as well as men. Shak. 
To SHOE, shod. v. a. preterit I shod ; participle 
passive shod. To fit the foot with a shoe : used 
commonly of horses. Shak. To cover the bottom. 
Drayton. 

SHOE'BLACK*, sh6o'-blak. n. s. [shoe and black.] 
One who cleans shoes. 

SHOE'BOY, sh6o'-b6e. n. s. A boy that cleans shoes. 
Swift. 

SHOE'ING-HORN, sh6S'-?ng-h6rn. n. s. A horn 
used to facilitate the admission of the foot into a 
narrow shoe. Any thing by which a transaction 
is facilitated ; any thing used as a medium : in 
contempt. Spectator. 

SHOE'MAKER, shoo'-ma-kfir. ». s. One whose 
trade is to make shoes Watts. 

SHO'ER*, shc-o'-ur. n. s. [rcoepe, Sax.] One who 



SHO 



SHO 



\TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- 



fits the foot with a shoe : used, in some places, of a 
farrier. 

SHOESTRING* sh5o'-str?ng. n. s. A string or rib- 
and with which the shoe is tied. Randolph. 

SHOE'TYE, shooMl. n. s. The riband with which 
women tie their shoes. Crashaw. 

SHOG §, sh&g; n. s. Violent concussion. Dryden. 

To SHOG, sb6g. v. a. To shake ; to agitate by sud- 
den, interrupted impulses. Wiclifj'e. 

To SHOG*, sh6g. v. n. To move off; to be gone ; 
tojosr. Hall. AJow word. 

SHO'GGING*, shog'-glng. n. s. Concussion; agita- 
tion. Hannar. 

ToSHO/GGLE*, shog'-gl. v.' a. To shake about; 
to joggle. Pegge. 

SHONE, shon. The preterit of shine. Milton. 

£5= This word is frequently pronounced so as to rhyme 
with tone : but the short sound of it is by far the most 
usual among those who may be styled polite speakers. 

This sound is adopted by Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, [shun, Perry,] and Mr. Smith ; 
nor do I find the other sound in any of our dictionaries 
that have the word. TV. 

SHOOK, shook. 306. The preterit and, in poetry, 
participle passive of shake. Dryden. 

SHOON*. See Shoe. 

To SHOOT §, shoot, i;. a. preterit I slwt ; partici- 
ple shot or shottcn. .[-pcofcian, Sax.; slciota, Icel.j 
To discharge any thing so as to make it fly with 
speed or violence. Milton. To discharge as from 
a bow or gun. Shak. To let off' : used of the in- 
strument. Abbot. To strike with any thing shot. 
Ex. xix. To emit new parts, as a vegetable. 
Ezek. xxxi. To emit; to dart or thrust forth. 
Milton. To push suddenly : so we say, to shoot a 
bolt or lock. Dryden. To push forward. Psalms. 
To fit to each other by planing: a workman's 
term. Moxon. To pass througli with swiftness. 
Dryden. 

To SHOOT, shoot, v. n. To perform the act of shoot- 
ing, or emitting a missile weapon. Genesis. To 
germinate ; to increase in vegetable growth. Ba- 
con. To form itself into any shape by emissions 
from a radical particle. Bacon. To be emitted. 
Dryden. To protuberate ; to jet out. Abbot. To 
pass as an arrow. Addison. To become anything 
by sudden growth. Milton. To move swiftly along. 
Milton. To feel a quick, glancing pain. Taller. 

SHOOT, sh66t. n.s. The act or impression of any 
thing emitted from a distance. Bacon. The act of 
striking, or endeavouring to strike, with a missive 
weapon discharged by any instrument. Sliak. 
[scheuten, Dut.] Branches issuing from the main 
stock. Bacon. A young swine ; a grice. Cotgrave. 

SHOO'TER, shoot'-ur. 98. n. s. One that shoots ; 
an archer ; a gunner. Ascham. 

SHOO'TING*, shoot' -!ng. n. s. [ycofcun^, Sax.] 
Act of emitting as from a gun or bow. Sprat. Sen- 
sation of quick pain. Goldsmith. 

SHOP §, shop. n. s. [yceoppa, Sax. ; eschoppe, Fr.] 
A place where any thing is sold. Slvxkspeare. A 
room in which manufactures are carried on. Shak- 
speare. 

To SHOP, sh6p. v. n. To frequent shops : as, They 
are shcppins;. 

SHO'PBOARD, shop'-bird. n. s. Bench on which 
any work is done. Hudibras. 

SHO'PBOOK, shop'-b&ok. n. s. Book in which a 
tradesman keeps his accounts. Locke. 

SHOPE*, sh6pe. old pret. of slmpe. Shaped. Spen- 
ser. 

SHO PKEEPER, shop'-keep-ur. n.s. A trader who 
sells in a shop ; not a merchant, who only deals by 
wholesale. Addison. 

SHOPLIFTER*, shop'-llft-ur. n. s. [from shop, 
and lift, to rob.] One who, under pretence of buy- 
ing takes occasion to steal goods out of a shop. 
Swift. 

SHO'PLIFTING*, shop'-lift-fng. n. s. The crime 
of a shoplifter. 

SHOTLIKE*, shop'-llke. a. Low j vulgar. B. Jon- 
son. 



SHOTMAN, shop'-man. 88. n.s. A petty trader 

Dryden: One who serves in a shop. Johnson. 
SHORE, shire. The preterit of shear. Shakspeare. 
SHORE §, shire, n. s. fjcope, Sax.] The coast of 
the sea. Milton. The bank of a river. Spensei'. A. 
drain : properly sewer, [schoore, Teut.] The sun- 
port of a building; a buttress. Watts. 
To SHORE, shore, v. a: [schooren, Teut.] To prop ; 
to support. Knol/es. To set on shore. Shakspeare. 
SHO'RED*, shOrd. a. Having a bank or shore. 

Mirror for Magistrates. 
SHO'RELESS, sh6re'-les. a. Having no coast; 

boundless. Junius. 
SHO'RLING. [SHOREL1NG, shc-re'-lmg, Perry.] 

n. s. The felt or skin of a sheep shorn. 
SHORN, sh6rne. The part. pass, of shear. Milton. 
§Cf* This word was inadvertently marked with the third 
sound of o, in the first edition of this [Walker's] dic- 
tionary ; but, from considering its analogy with swear, 
wear, and tear, I do not hesitate to alter it to the first 
sound of that vowel: Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, and 
W. Johnston, are for the first pronunciation ; but Mr. 
Perry, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Elphinston, are for the last: 
and these authorities, with analogy on their side, are 
decisive. IV. 
SHORT §, sh6rt. 167. a. (jceopfc, Sax.] Not long; 
commonly not long enough. Pope. Not- long in 
space or extent. Milton. Not long in time or du- 
ration. Job, xvii. Repeated by quick iterations. 
Sidney. INot adequate; not equal. Sidney. De- 
fective; imperfect; not attaining the end; not 
reaching the intended point. Milton. Not far dis- 
tant in time. Clarendon. Scanty ; wanting. Hay- 
ward. Not fetching a compass. L } Estrange. Not 
going so far as was intended. Dryden. Defective 
as to quantity. Dryden. Narrow; contracted. 
Burnet. Brittle; friable. Walton. Not bending. 
Dryden. Laconick ; brief : as, a short answer. 
SHORT, sh5rt. n. s. A summary account. Shak. 
SHORT, short, ad. [Only used m composition.] Not 

long. Drxiden. 
To SHORT*, short, v.n. [schorlen, Germ.; $e- 
j'cyp.fcan, Sax.] To fail; to be deficient; to de- 
crease. The Book of Good Manners. 
To SHORT*, short, v. a. [fcypfcan, Sax.] To ab- 
breviate; to shorten. Chaucer. 
SHORTDA'TED*, short-da'-ted a. [short and 

date.) Having little time to run. Sandys. 
To SHO'RTEN, shdr'-tn. 103. v. a. [ r cyntan, 
Sax.] To make short, either in time or space. 
Hooker. To contract; to abbreviate. Suckling. 
To confine; to hinder from progression. Spenser. 
To lop. Dryden. 
SHORTHAND, short'-hand. n. s. [short and hand.] 
A method of writing in compendious characters. 
Dryden. 
SHO RTLIVED, short-llvd'. 59. a. Not living or 

lasting long. Dryden. 
SHORTLY, short'-le. ad. [j-ceopfclice, Sax.] 
Quickly; soon; in a little lime. Shak. In a few 
words ; briefly. Bp. Hall. 
SHORTNESS, shdrt'-nes. n. s. [j-ceoprnyj-j-e, 
Sax.] The quality of being short, either in time or 
space. Shak. Fewness of words; brevity; con- 
ciseness. Hooker. Want of reach ; want of capa- 
city. Bacon. Deficience ; imperfection. Glanville. 
SHO'RTRIBS, short-rW. n.s. The bastard ribs j 

the ribs below the sternum. Wiseman. 

SHO'RTSIGHTED, shirt-sl'-ted. a. Unable by the 

convexity of the eye to see far. Newton. Unable 

by intellectual sight to see far. Denham. 

SHORTSIGHTEDNESS, shc-rt-sl'-ted-nes. n. s. 

Defect of sight, proceeding from the convexity of 

the eye. Chamb. Defect of intellectual sight. Addis. 

SHO'RTWAISTED, sh6rt-wast'-^d. a. Having a 

short body. Dryden. 

SHO'RT WINDED, short-wind'-ed. a. [short and 

wind.] Shortbreathed ; asthmatick; pursive ; 

breathing by quick and faint reciprocations. Sliak, 

SHO'RTWINGED, shdrt-wlngd'. a. Having. short 

wings. 
SHORTWFTTED*, sh6rt-wft'-ted. a. Simple j not 
wise ; without wit ; scant of wit. Hales. 
' 834 



SHO 



sim 



-n6, move, riflr, nftt; — tube, tflh, bflll; — 611; — pflflndj — thm, rah. 



near the 



SHORY. shd'-re. a. [from shore.] Lyi 

coast. Burnet. 
SHOT, shot. The preterit and participle passive of 
shoot. Spenser. 

SHOT of*, shot'-ov. part. Discharged ; quit ; freed 
from : as, He cannot get shot or it. 

SHOT§,sh6t n. s. [sclwt, Dutch.] The act of shoot- 
ing 1 . Sidney. The missile weapon emitted by any 
instrument. Shak. The flight of a missile weapon 
Gen. xxi. Any thing emitted, or cast forth. Kay. 
[escot, Fr.; rceafc, Sax.] A sum charged 5 a reck- 
oning. Shakspeare. 

SHOTE,shote.n.s. h-ceota. Sax.] A fish. Carew. 

SHO'TFREE, shdt'-free. a. Clear of the reckoning. 
Shakspeare. Not to be hurt by shot} not to be in- 
jured. Feltham. Unpunished. 

SHO'TTEN, shdt'-in. 103. a. Having ejected the 
spawn. Shak. Curdled by keeping too long. Shoot- 
ing out into angles. Sliafc. Sprained; dislocated. 
Shakspeare. 

SHOUGH, shok. 321, 392. n. s. [for shock.] A spe- 
cies of shaggy dog ; a shock. Shakspeare. 

SHOUGH*, shoo, intej-j. [sheuchen, Germ.] An ex- 
clamation used in driving away fowls : pronounced 
shoo. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

SHOULD, shud. 320. [See Bken.] v. n. [pceolban, 
Sax. ; schuld, Teut. ; shulde, pi. shulden, old Engl. 
See Shall.] This is a kind of auxiliary verb used 
in the conjunctive mood, of which the signification 
is not easily fixed. 

SHOULDER §, shol'-dftr. 318. [See Mould.] h.s. 
[pculbpe, Sax. ; scholder, TeutJ The joint which 
connects the arm to the body. Shak. The upper 
joint of the foreleg of edible' animals. Shak. The 
upper part of the back. Dryden. The shoulders 
are used as emblems of strength, or the act of sup- 
porting. SJiak. Arising part; a prominence: a 
term among artificers, Moxon. 

To SHOULDER, shol'-dur. v. a. To push with in- 
solence and violence. Spenser. To put upon the 
shoulder. Glanville. 

SHO'ULDERBELT, sh&V-d&r-belt. n.s. A belt that, 
comes across tlie shoulder. Dryden. 

SHOULDERBLADE, shol'-da'r-blade. n. s. The 
scapula ; the blade bone to which the arm is con- 
nected. Job, xxxi. 

SHO'ULDERCLAPPER.shol'-dur-klap-p&r. n. s. 
[shoulder and clap.] A bailiff*. Shakspeare. 

SHO'ULDERKNOT* shol'-d&r-not. n. s. An epau- 
let ; a knot of lace or riband worn on the shoulder. 
Swift. 

SHO'ULDERSHOTTEN, shiF-dur-sh&t-tn. a. 
Strained in the shoulder. See Shotten. 

SHO'ULDERSLIP, shol'-dfir-s«p. n. s. [shoulder 
and slip.] Dislocation of the shoulder. Swift. 

SHOUTS, shdut. n.s. [yceafc, Sax.] A loud and ve- 
hement crv of triumph or exultation. Shakspeare. 

To SHOUT, shout. 313. t>. n. To cry in triumph or 
exultation. Ps. xlvii. 

To SHOUT*, shout, v. a. To treat with noise and 
shouts. Bp. Hall. 

SHO'UTER, shd&t'-fir. 98. n. s. He who shouts. 
Dryden. 

SHO / UTING*,shdut.'-?ng. n. s. Act of shouting; loud 
cry. Zech. iv. 

To SHOVES, shuv. 165. v. a. [ycupan, Sax.; 
schuyffen, schuyven, Teut.] To push by main 
strength. Shak. To drive by a pole that reaches 
to the bottom of the water : as, He shoved his boat. 
To push ; to rush against. 

To SHOVE, sh&v. v. n. To push forward before 
one. Swift. To move in a boat, not by oars but a 
pole. Garth. 

SHOVE, shuv. n.s. The act of shoving, a push. 
Swift. 

SHOVELS, sh&v'-vl. 102. n. s. [pcopl, Sax.] An 
instrument consisting of a long handle and broad 
blade with raised edges. Tusser. 

To SHOVEL, shSv'-vl. v. a. To throw or heap 
with a shovel. SlwJc. To gather in great quanti- 
ties. Derham. 

SHOVELBOARD, shfiv'-vl-bord. n. s. A Jong 1 



board on which they play by sliding metal pieces 
at a mark. Dryden. 
SHOVELLER, slnV-vl-ur. ) . '<. _ 

SHOVELARD,shfiv'-vl-ftrd. \ n ' s - A b,rd - Grew 
To SHOW §, sh6. 324. v. a* pret. showed and shown; 
part. pass, shown, [yeeapan, Sax. ; schowen, Dut.j 
To exhibit to view, as an agent. Shak. To afford 
lo the eye or notice ; as a thing containing or ex- 
hibiting. Milton. To make to see. Milton. To 
make to perceive. Milton. To make to know. 
Milton. To give proof of; to prove. Milton. To 
publish; to make publick ; to proclaim. 1 Pet. ii. 
To inform 5 to teach. St. John, xvi. To make 
known. Ex. ix. To conduct; to show the way. 
Swift. To offer; to afford. Job, vi. To explain; 
to expound. Dan. v. To discover; to point out. 
Milton. 
To SHOW, sh6. 0. n. To appear ; to look ; to be in 
appearance. Shak, To have appearance ; to be- 
come well or ill. Shakspeare. 
SHOW, sh6. n. s. A spectacle ; something publickly 
exposed to view for money. Addison. Superficial 
appearance ; not reality. Milton. Ostentations 
display. Milton. Object attracting notice. Addison. 
Publick appearance : contrary to concealment. 
Milton. Semblance ; likeness. Shak. Specious- 
ness; plausibility.- Whitgift. External appear- 
ance. Sidney. Exhibition to view. Shak. Pomp ; 
magnificent spectacle. Bacon. Phantoms ; not 
reality. Dryden. Representative action. Ad- 
dison. 
! SHO'WBREAD, or Sheicbread, sho'-breU n. s. 
[show and bread.] Among the Jews, they thus call- 
! ed loaves of bread that the priest of the week put 
! every Sabbath-day upon the golden table, which 
I* was in the sanctum before the Lord. They were 
I covered with leaves of gold, and were twelve in 
number, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. 
! They served them up hot, and took away the stale 
j ones, which could not be eaten but by the priest 
I alone. This offering was accompanied with frank 
! incense and salt. Ex. xxv. 
! SHO'WER*. slio'-tir. n. s. One who shows. 
I SHOWERS', sh6u'-ur. 323. n.s. [ycajx, pcyup, 
Sax. ; scheure, Teut.] Rain, either moderate or 
violent. Bacon. Storm of any thing falling thick. 
Pope. Any very liberal distribution. Shakspeare. 
To SHO'WER, shdu'-ur. v. a. To wet or drown 
with rain. Milton. To pour down. Milton. To 
distribute or scatter with great liberality. Wotton. 
To SHO'WER, sbo&'-fir. v. n. To be rainy. 
SHOWERLESS, shdu'-fir-les. a. Without showers 

A rmstrong. 
SHOWERY, shou'-ur-e. a. Rainy. Bacon. 
SHOWILY*, shd'-c-le. ad In a showy way. 
SHO'WIJNES'S*, sho'-e-nes. n.s. Slate of being 

showy. 
SHO'WISH, sh6'-?sh. a. Splendid; gaudy. Swift 

Ostentatious. 
i SHOWN. sh6ne. pret. and part. pass, of To show. 
1 Exhibited. Milton. 
SHO'WY, sho'-e. a. Splendid; gaudy. Addison. 

Ostentatious. Addison. 
Tb SHRAG S*, shrag. v. a. [j-cpeaban, Sax.] To 

lop ; to trim : as, to shrag trees. Huloet. 
SHRAG*, shrag. n. s. A twig of a tree cut off. Hu- 
loet. 
SHRA'GGER*, shrag'-gGr. n.s. A lopper ; one that 

trims trees. Huloet. 
SHRANK, shrank. The preterit of shrink. Gen. 

xxxii. 
SHRAP*, shrap. ) n.s. A place baited with chaff 
SHRAPE*, shrape. ) to entice birds. Bp. Bedell. 
To SHREDS, shr£d. v. a. pret. shred, [pepeaban, 

Sax.] To cut into small pieces. 2 Kings. 
SHRED, shr£d. n. s. A small piece cut off. Bacon. 

A fragment. Shakspeare. 
SHRE'DDING*, shrgd'-dfng. n. s. [pcpebunS, 

Sax.] What is cutoff. Hooker. 
To SHREW }*, shr&6. v. a. [j-yjipan, Sax.] To be- 

shrew ; to curse. Chaucer. Ob. T. 
SHREW, shro8, 205,339. n. s. fryppan, Sax.J \ 



SHR 



SHR 



[HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— - pine, pin 



peevish, malignant, clamorous, spiteful, vexatious, 
turbulent woman. Sliakspeare. 

SHREWD, shr66d. a. [the participle of the verb 
shrew.] Having the qualities of a shrew 5 mali- 
cious; troublesome; mischievous. Sluilc. Mali- 
ciously sly; cunning; more artful than good. Til- 
lotson. Bad ; ill-betokening. South. Painful ; 
pinching; dangerous; mischievous. Sliakspeare. 

SHRE'WDLY, shrfiid'-le. ad. Mischievously; de- 
structively. Sluxk. Vexatiously. South. With good 
guess. Locke. 

SHRE' WDNESS, shroSd'-nes. n.s. Mischievousness ; 
petulance. Chaucer. Sly cunning; archness. Slui/c. 

SHRE'WISH, shrOO'-ish. a. Having the qualities of 
a shrew ; froward ; petulantly clamorous. Sliak. 

SHRE'WISHLY^hrSS'-lsh-le.ati. Petulantly ; peev- 
ishly ; clamorously ; frowardly. Sliakspeare. 

SHRE'WISHNESS, shroO'-ish-nes. n.s. The quali- 
ties of a shrew; frowardness ; petulance; clamor- 
ousness. Sliakspeare. 

SHRE'WMOUSE, shrS6'-m6use. n. s. [pcneapa, 
Sax.] A mouse of which the bite is generally sup- 
posed venomous, but is equally harmless with that 
of any other mouse. 

To SHRIEK §, shreek. 275. v. n. [shraeka, Icel. ; shri- 
ka, Su. Goth.] To cry out inarticulately with anguish 
or horrour ; to scream. Spenser. 

SHRIEK, shreek. n. s. An inarticulate cry of anguish 
or horrour. Spenser. 

SHRIE'VAL* shree'-val. a. Belonging to the shrieve 
or sheriff. Absalom and Achitophei. 

SHRIEVE*, shreev. 275. n. s. A corruption of 
sheriff. 

{£?* This was the ancient mode of writing and pronounc- 
ing this word. Stow, indeed, writes it shrive ; but it is 
.highly probable that the i had exactly the sound of ie 
in grieve, thieve, Sec. ; and the common people of Lon- 
don to this day have preserved this old pronunciation, 
though it is wearing away fast among them. To be 
convinced, that this is the true etymological manner of 
writing and pronouncing it, we need but attend to the 
Saxon word from which it is derived : reve, or reeve, 
signifies a steward ; and shrieve is but a contraction, 
of shire reeve, or shire steward. But, ho wever just this 
orthography and pronunciation may be in other respects, 
it wants the true stamp of polite usage to make it cur- 
rent ; it is now grown old and vulgar, and Pope's use 
of this word, 

" Now mavor3 and shricves all hush'd and satiate 

lay," 

must only bo looked upon as assisting the humour of the 
scene he describes. W. 

SHRIEVALTY*, shree'-val -te. n. s. Sheriffalty. 

#jT By a caprice common in language, this compound 
is not nearly so antiquated as its simple ; though it 
should seem, that, if the old root be taken away, and 
another planted in its stead, the branches ought to spring 
from the latter, and not the former. But, though we 
seldom hear shrieve for sheriff, except among the lower 
classes of people in London, we not unfrequently hear, 
even among the hotter sort, shrievalty for sheriffalty ; 
and Junius, in one of his letters to the Duke of Grafton, 
says, "Your next appearance in office is marked with 
his election to the shrievalty" Publick Advertiser, July 
9, 1771. This is certainly an inaccuracy ; and such an 
inaccuracy, in such a writer as Junius, is not a little 
surprising. W. 

SHRIFT, shrift, n.s. [pcipfc,Sax.] Confession made 

to a priest. Sliakspeare. 
SHRIGHT, for shrieked. Chaucer. 
SHRIGHT*. n. *. A shriek. Spenser. 
SHRILL §, shril. a. [a word supposed to be made in 
imitation of the thing expressed.] Sounding with a 
piercing, tremulous, or vibratory sound. Sliak. 
To SHRILL, shrll. v. n. To pierce the ear with 

sharp and quick vibrations of sound. Spenser. 
To SHRILL*, shrll. v. a. To express in a shrill 
manner; to cause to make a shrill sound. Spenser. 
SHRI'LLNESS, shril'-nes. n. s. The quality of being 

shrill. Smith. 
SHRILLY, shrll'-le. ad. With a shrill noise. More. 
SHRIMP § , shrimp, n. s. [schrumpe, Germ. ; scrympe, 
Danish.] A small, crustaceous, vermieulated fish. 
Carew. A little wrinkled man. : a dwarf. Shak. 



To SHRIMP*, shrimp, v. a. To contract. Echard. 

SHRINE, shrine, n. s. [rem, Sax.; sennium, Lat.] 
A case in which something sacred is reposited. 
Sidney. 

To SHRINK, shrink, v.n. pret. I shrunk, or shrank • 
part, shrunken, [pcpincan, Sax.] To contract it 
self into less room ; to shrivel ; to be drawn to 
gether by some internal power. Shak. To with 
draw as from danger. Dryden. To express fear, hor 
rour, or pain, by shrugging, or contracting the body 
Hooker. To fall back as from danger. Daniel. 

To SHRINK, shrink. «. a. part. pass, shrunk, shrank, 
or shrunken. To make to shrink. Sliakspeare. 

SHRINK, shrink, n. s. Corrugation ; contraction 
into less compass. Woodward. Contraction of the 
bodv from fear or horrour. Daniel. 

SHRFNKER, shrlnk'-ftr. 98. n. s. One who shrinks. 
Old Sea-Song. 

SHRPNKING*, shrlnk'-lng. n. s. Act of falling back 
as from danger, or of drawing back through fear. 
Smth. 

SHRPVALTY, shrlv'-al-te. n. s. Corrupted for 
Sheriffalty. 

To SHRIVE §, shrive, v. a. [pcpipan, Sax. ; skrif- 
ta, Su. Goth.] To hear at confession. Sliak. Ob. J. 

To SHRIVE*, shrive, v. n. To administer confes- 
sion. Spenser. 

SHRI'VING* shrl'-vlng. n. s. Shrift. Spenser. 

To SHRI'VELSjShriv'-v'l. 102. v.n. [perhaps anoth- 
er form atrivel. See To Rivejl.] To contract it- 
self into wrinkles. Evelyn. 

ToSHRI'VEL, shrlv'-v'l. v. a. To contract into 
wrinkles. Sandys. 

SHRPVER, shrl'-vur. 98. n. s. A confessor. Shak. 

SHROUD y, shr6ud. 313. n.s. [rcpub, Sax.] A shel- 
ter; a cover. Shak. The dress of the dead ; a wind- 
ing-sheet. Sluxk. The sail-ropes. It seems to be 
taken sometimes for the sails. Sidneij. The branch 
of a tree. Warton. 

To SHROUD, shr6ud. v. a. To shelter ; to cover 
from danger as an agent. Spenser. To shelter ; as 
the thing- covering. Raleigh. To dress for the 
grave. Bacon. To clothe ; to dress. To cover or 
conceal. Spenser. To defend; to protect. Waller. 
[pepeaban, Sax. See To Shrag.] To cut or lop 
off the top branches of trees. Chambers. 

To SHROUD, shr6ud. v.n. To harbour; to take 
shelter. Milton. 

SHROU'DY*, shroud'-e. a. Affording shelter. Mil- 
ton. MS. of Comus, Ti-in. Coll. Camb. 

To SHROVE §*, shrove, v. n. To join in the pro- 
cessions, sports, and feastings, anciently observed 
at shrovetide. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

SHRO'VETIDE. shrove'-tlde. ) 

SHRO'VETUESDAY, shrove-tuze'-de. 223. \ 
[from shrove, the preterit of shrive.'] The time of 
confession; the day Lcfore Ash-Wednesday or 
Lent, on which anciently they went to confession. 
Tusser. 

SHRO'VING*, shro'-ving. n.s. The festivity of 
shrovetide. Hales. 

SHRUB §, shrub, n.s. [pepob, Sax.] A bush ; a 
small tree. Locke, [sharab, Arabick.] Spirit, acid, 
and sugar mixed. 

To SHRUB*, shrub, v. a. To rid from bushes or 
trees. Anderson. 

SHRUBBERY*, shr&b'-bur-e. n. s. A plantation of 
shrubs. Graves. 

SHRU'BBY, shrfib'-be. a. Resembling a shrub. 
Mortimer. Full of shrubs ; bushy. Milton. Con- 
sisting of shrubs. Phillips. 

SHRUFF, shruf. n. s. Dross ; the refuse of metal 

tried by the fire. Diet. 
To SHRUG §, shrug, v. n. [schricken, Dutch ; skru- 
ka, Su.] To express horrour or dissatisfaction by 
motion of the shoulders or whole body. Sidney. 
To SHRUG, shrflg. v. a. To contract or draw up. 
FloHo. 

SHRUG, shrfig. n. s. A motion of the shoulders, 
usually expressing dislike or aversion. Cleaveland. 
SHRUNK, shrflnk. The preterit and part, passive 
of shrink. Sidney. 

836 



SIB 



SID 



— ikS, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pfiund ;— linn, this. 



SHRUNKEN, shrink -kn. 103. The part, passive 
ofslirink. Spenser. 

To SHUDDER*, shftd'-dur. 98. v. n. [shuUern, 
Germ.; schudden, Teut.] To quake with fear, or 
with aversion. Sluzkspeare. 

SHU DDER* shfid'-dur. n.s. A uemour; th«s state 
of trembling Shaksjteare. 

To SHU'FFLE 5, shuf-fl. 405. v. a. [I'cupan, Sax. | 
To throw into disorder 5 to agitate liumiltuously, SO 
as that one thing takes the place of another : to con- 
fuse ; to throw together tumultuously. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. To change the position of cards 
with respect to each other. Bacon. To remove, or 
introduce with some artificial or fraudulent tumult. 
Shak.— To shuffle off. To get rid of. Shak. To 
shiijfle up. To Ibrm tumultuously, or fraudulently. 
Bacon. 

To SHU'FFLE, sh&P-fl. v. n. To throw the cards 
into a new order. Granville. To play mean tricks; 
to practise fraud; to evade fair questions. Shale. 
To struggle ; to shift. Shak. To move with an 
irregular "gait. Shakspeare. 

SHUTTLE, shuf-fl. 405. n. s. The act of disorder- 
ing things, or making them take confusedly the 
place of each other. Bentley. A trick; an artifice. 
IS Estra nge. 

SHU FFLEBOARD*. shuf-fl-b6rd. n. s. The old 
name of shovelbcard. 

SHU'FFLECAP. shuf-fl-kap. n.s. [shiffie and cap.] 
A play at which money is shaken in a hat. Ar- 
bnthnot. 

SHU FFLER, shuf-fl-ur. 93. n. s. One who plays 
tricks, or shuffles. 

SHUTTLING*, shftP-fl-lng. n. s. Act of throwing into 
disorder; confusion. Locke. Trick; artifice. Bent- 
ley. An irregular gait. 

SHUFFLINGLY, shuf-fl-mg-le. ad. With an ir- 
regular gait. Dry den. 

To SHUN 5 # , shun, v. a [pcunian, Sax.] To avoid ; 
to decline ; to endeavour to escape ; to eschew 
Hooker. 

To SHUN*, shun. v. n. To decline ; to avoid to do a 
thing. Acts, xx. 

SHU'NLESS, shun'-les. a. Inevitable; unavoidable. 
Shakspeare. 

To SHUT §, shut. i\ a. preterit I shut ; part. pass. 
shit, [rciotan. Sax.; schniten, Dutch.] To close 
so as to prohibit ingress or egress; to make not 
open. IsaiaJi, lii. To enclose; to confine. Gal. iii. 
To prohibit; tobar.il/i7/ora. To exclude. Dry den. 
To contract; not to keep expanded. Deut. xv. — 
To shut out. To exclude ; to deny admission to. 
Shak. To shut tip. To close ; to make imper- 
vious ; to make impassable, or impossible to be en- 
tered or quitted. St. Matt, xxiii. To confine ; to en- 
close; to imprison. Ps. xxxi. To conclude. Sliak. 

To SHUT, shot, p. 7i. To be closed; to close itself: 
as, Flowers opeii in the day, and shut at night. 

SHUT, shut. pari. a. Rid ; clear; free. V Estrange. 

SHUT, shut. n. s. Close ; act of shutting. Dryden. 
Small door or cover. Wilkins. 

SIIU'TTER, sh&l'-tur. 93. n. s. One that shuts. A 
cover ; a door. Dryden. 

SHUTTLE, shut'-tl. 405. n. s. [schietspoele, Teut. ; 
s/cutul. Icel.] The instrument with which the weav- 
er shoots the cross threads. Shakspeare'. 

SHUTTLECOCK, shut'-tl-kok. n. s. See Shit- 
tllcock. A cork stuck with feathers, and beaten 
backward and forward. Spenser. 

SHY$, shL a. \schouw, Teut.] Reserved; not fa- 
miliar; not free of behaviour. Soutliern. Cautious; 
wary; chary. Boyle. Keeping at a distance ; un- 
willing to approach. Slut.k. Suspicious ; jealous ; 
unwilling to suffer near acquaintance. Arhuthnot. 

SHY LY, s'nl'-le. ad. Not familiarlv; not frankly. 

SHY NESS, shines, n. s. Unwillingness to be fa- 
miliar; unsociableness ; reservedness. Toiler. 

SIB§, sib. a. [jib, Sax.] Related by blood. Chau- 
cer. 

SIB*, sib. n. s. A relation. Movntagu. 

SFBILANTMib'-e-lant. «■ UibiUms, Lat.] Hissing. 
Udder. ' 



A hissing sound. 



SIBILA'TION, slb-e-la'-shfin. n. 

Bacon. 
SI UYL*, sib'-il. n. s. [sibylla, Lat.] A prophetess 

among the pagans. Milton. 
SI BYLUNE*, sib'-il-llne. 148. a. [sibyllimu, Lat.] 

Of or belonging to a sibyl. Addison. 
SI'CAMORE, sik'-a-mfirc. n. s. [sicomorus, Lat. ; 

ricombji,Sax.1 A tree. Peacham. SeeSycAMORK. 
To SrCCATEsS sik'-keue. v. a. [sicco, Lat.] To dry. 

Cockeram, 
SICCA'TION, sik-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of drying. 
SICC1F1CK, slk-slf-ik. a. [siccus and >, Lat.] 

Causing dryness. 
Sl'CClTY, slk'-se-te. n.s. [siccite, Fr. ; siccitas, Lat.] 

Dryness ; aridity ; want of moisture. Bacon. 
SICE, size. n. s. [sit, Fr.] The number six at dice. 

Dryden. 
SICH, sftsh. a. Such. Spenser. 
S1CK§, slk. a. [sinks, Goth. ; reoc. Sax. ; seke, old 

Eng.] Afflicted with disease. Shak. Disordered 

in the organs of digestion ; ill in the stomach. 

Corrupted. Shak. Disgusted. Shakspeare. 
7b SICK, sik. v. v. To sicken; to take a disease. 

Sliakspeare. 
To SI'CKEN, sik'-k'n. 103. v. a. To make sick; to 

disease. Prior. To weaken ; to impair. Shak. 
TbSI'CKEN, sik'-k'n. v.n. To grow sick; to fall 

into disease. Shak. To be satiated ; to be filled 

to disgust. Sha/c. To be disgusted, or disordered 

with abhorrence. Dryden. To grow weak ; to 

decav; to languish. Pope. 
SUCKER $,slk*-ar. a. [siker, seker, Su. Goth. ; siclw, 

Germ.; securus, Lat.] Sure; certain; firm. Spen- 
ser. Oh. J. 
SFCKER, sik'-fir. ad. Surely; certainly. Spenser. 

Ob. J. 
SI CKERLY*. sfk'-ur-le. ad. Surely. Robinson. 
SI / CKERNESS*,slk / -fir-nes. n.s. Security. Spenser. 
SFCKISH*. sik'-ish. a. Somewhat sick ; inclined to 

be sick. Hakeuill. 
SUCKLE §, sik'-kl. 405. n.s. [ r icol, Sax.; gfckd, 

Dutch ; from secale, or sicula, Lat.] The hook with 

which corn is cut ; a reaping-hook. Spenser. 
SUCKLED*, sfk'-kld. a. Supplied with a sickle ; 

carrying a sickle. Thomson. 
SI'CKLEWORT*, sik'-kl-wurt. n. s. [ricol-j>yp.fc, 

Sax.] A plant. 
SFCKLEMAN, sik'-kl-man. ) , . . __ „. r 
SI'CKLER, sik -kl-fir. 93. \ * 5 " A rea P er " SJutJc ' 
SFCKLINESS, slk'-le-nes. n. s. Disposition to sick 

ness; habitual disease. Shakspeare. 
SFCKLY, sfk'-lk ad. Not in health. Shakspeare. 
SFCKLY, sik'-le. a. Not healthy; not sound; not 

well; somewhat disordered. Shak. Faint; weak: 

languid. Dryden. 
To SFCKLY, slk'-le. v. a. To make diseased; to 

taint with the hue of disease. Shakspeare. 
SFCKNES3, slk'-nls. n. s. State of being diseased. 



Sha/c. Disease ; malady, 
orsrans of digestion. 



Shak. Disorder in the 



SIDE §, side. n.s. [ribe,Sax.; sijde, Dutch.] The 
parts of animals fortified by the ribs. Spenser. Any 
part of any body opposed to any other part. Ex. 
xxxii. The right or left. Dryden. Margin; edge; 
verge. Roscommon. Any kind of local respect. 
Milton. Party ; interest ; faction ; sect. S/uzk. Any 
part placed in contradistinction or opposition to 
another. It is used of persons, or propositions re- 
specting each other. Knolles. It is used to note 
consanguinity ; as, He's cousin by his mother's or 
father's side. Parnel. 

SIDE, side. a. Lateral. Ex. xli. Oblique; indirect. 
Hooker. []*ibe, fib, Sax.; side. Dan.] Long; 
broad; large; extensive. Shakspeare. 

To SIDE, side. v. n. To lean on one side. Bacon. 
To take a party ; to engage in a faction. Shak. 

To SIDE*, side. v. a. To be at the side of; to stand 
at the side of. Spenser. To suit; to pair. Ld. 
Clarendon. 

SFDEBOARD, slde'-bord. n. s. [side and board.] 
The side table on which conveniences are placed 
for those that eat at the other table. Milton. 
837 



SIG 



SIG 



Qj" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;— 



SFDEBOX, slde'-b&ks. n. s. Enclosed seat on the 

side of the theatre. Pope. 
SFDEFLY, slde'-fll. n. s. An insect. Derham. 
SFDELONG, slde'-long. a. [side and long.] Later- 
al ; oblique ; not in front ; not direct. Dryden. 
SFDELONG, slde'-l&ng. ad. Laterally; obliquely; 
not in pursuit; not in opposition. Millon. On the 
side. Evelyn. 
SFDER # , sl'-dfir. n. s. One who joins a party, or 

engages in a faction. Slieldon. 
SFDER, sl'-d&r. 98. n. s. See Cider. 
SFDERAL §, sfd'-dgr-al. a. [sidvs, Lat.] Starry; as- 
tral. Milton. 
SFDERATED, sM'-deY-a-ted. a. [sideratus, Lat.] 

Blasted; planet struck. Brown. 
SIDERA'TION, sid-der-a/-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; sidera- 
iio, Lat.] A sudden mortification, or, as the com- 
mon people call it, a blast ; or a sudden deprivation 
of sense, as in an apoplexy. Ray. 
SIDE'REAL*, sl-de'-re-al. a. [siderms, Lat.] As- 
tral ; starry; relating to the stars. Coventry. 
SFDERITE*, sM'-ur-lte.w. s. [sideritis, Lat.] A 

•loadstone. Brewer. 
SIDESADDLE, slde'-sad-dl. n. s. [side aud saddle.] 

A woman's seat on horseback. Skelton. 
SIDESMAN, sldz'-man. 83. n. s. [side and man.] 

An assistant to the churchwarden. Aijliffe. 
SFDETAKING*, slde'-ta-king. n. s. Engagement 

in a faction or party. Bp. Hall. 
SFDE WAY'S, slde'-waze. \ad. [side and way, or 
SFDEWISE, slde'-wlze. $ wise.] Laterally; on 

one side. Milton. 
SFDING # , sl'-dlng. n s. Engagement in a faction. 

King Clmrles. 
To SFDLE, sl'-dl. 405. v. n. To go with the body 
the narrowest way. Swift. To lie on the side. 
Swift. To saunter. 
SIEGED, sedje. n. s. [siege, Fr.] The act of besetting 
a fortified place ; a leaguer. Shak. Airy continu- 
ed endeavour to gain possession. Shak. [siege, 
Fr.] Seat; throne. Spenser. Place; class; rank. 
Shak. [siege, Fr.] Stool. Brown. 
To SIEGE, sedje. v. a. [sieger, Fr.] To besiege. 

Spe?tser. Ob. J. 
SIEVE, slv. 277. n. s. [pipe, pype, Sax.] Hair or 
lawn strained upon a hoop, by which flour is 
separated from bran, or fine powder from coarse ; 
a bolter ; a searce. Sliak. A basket. Davenant. 
To SIFT§, sift. 15. a. [piptan, Sax. ; siften, Dutch.] 
To separate by a sieve. Wotton. To separate ; 
to part. Dryden. To examine ; to try. Hooker. 
SFFTER, stf-ttir. 98. n. s. One who sifts. 
SIG was used by the Saxons for victory : Sigbert, 
famous for victory ; Sigward, victorious preserver. 
Gibson. 
To SIGH, si. v. n. [pican, picefcfcan, Sax. ; suchten, 
Dutch.] To emit the breath audibly, as in grief. 
Shakspeare. 
To SIGH, si. v. a. To lament ; to mourn. Prior. 
SIGH, si. n. s. A violent and audible emission of the 
breath which has been long retained, as in sadness. 
Sidney. 
J)^/ 3 A very extraordinary pronunciation of this word pre- 
vails in London, and, what is more extraordinary, on 
the stage, so different from every other word of the 
same form a3 to make it a perfect oddity in the lan- 
guage. This pronunciation approaches "to the word 
sithe ; and the only difference is, that sithc has the flat 
aspiration as in this ; and sigh the sharp one, as in thin. 
It is not easy to conjecture what could be the reason 
of this departure from analogy, unless it were to give 
the word a sound which seems an echo to the sense ; 
and, if this intention had gone no farther than the 
lengthening or shortening of a vowel, it might have 
been admitted, as in fearful, cheerful, pierce, fierce, 
great, leisure, and some others ; but pronouncing gh 
like th, in this word, is too palpable a contempt of or- 
thography to pass current, without the stamp of the 
best, the most universal and permanent usage on its 
side. The Saxon combination gh, according to the 
general rule, both in the middle and at the end of a 
word, is silent. It had anciently a guttural pronuncia- 
tion, which is still retained in great part of Scotland, 
and in some of the northern parts of England : but eve- 
ry guttural sound has been long since banished from the 



language ; not, however, without somt efforts to con- 
tinue, by changing these letters, sometimes Into the re- 
lated guttural consonant k, as in lough, hough, &c, and 
sometimes into a consonant entirely unrelated to them, 
as in laugh, cough, &.c These arc tho only transmuta- 
tions of these letters ; and these established irregulari- 
ties j.re quite sufficient, without admining such as are 
only candidates for confusion. If ii oe pleaded thr> 
sithc better expresses the emission of breath in tho act 
of sighing, it may be answered, that nothing can be 
more erroneous, as the tongue and teeth have nothing 
to do in this action. Mr. Sheridan has, indeed, to assist 
this expression, spelt the word sih, as an aspiration 
must necessarily accompany the act of sighing; but, (to 
take no notice that, in this case, the h ought to be be- 
fore the i,) 397, though such expression may be very 
proper in oratory, when accompanied by passion, it 
would be as affected to give it this aspiration in ordi- 
nary speech, as to pronounce the word fearful with a 
tremour of the voice and a faltering of the tongue, or 
to utter the word laugh with a convulsive motion of 
the breast and lungs. To these reasons may be added 
the laws of rhyme, which necessarily exclude this af- 
fected pronunciation, and oblige us to give the word its 
true analogical sound: 

"Love is a smoke, rais'd with the fume of sighs ; 

" Being purg'd, a fire, sparkling in lovers' eyes." 

Shakspeare. TV. 

SFGHER*. sl'-ur. n. s. One who sighs. Beaumont 

<xnd Fletcher. 
SFGHING*, sl'-mg. n. s. The act of emitting the 
breath audibly, as in grief. Psalm xii. 

SIGHTS, site. 393. n.s. [£epioe, Sax.; skid, 
gesicht, Dutch.] Perception by the eye; the sense 
of seeing. Bacon. Open view; a situation in which 
nothing obstructs the eye. Dankl. Act of seeing 
or beholding; view. Davies. Notice ; knowledge. 
Wake. Eye; instrument of seeing. Dryden. Aper- 
ture pervious to the eye, or other point fixed to 
guide the eye : as, the sights of a quadrant. Shak- 
speare. 

SFGHTED, sl'-ted. a. Seeing in a particular man- 
ner : used only in composition ; as quicksighted, 
shortsighted. Sidney. 

SFGHTFULNESS, slte'-ffil-ngs. n. s. Perspicuity ; 
clearness of sight. Sidney. Ob. J. 

SFGHTLESS, slteM^s. a. Wanting sight ; blind. 
Pope. Not sightly ; offensive to the eye ; unpleas- 
ing to look at. Shakspeare. Invisible. Shakspeare. 

SFGHTLINESS*, slle'-le-nes. n. s. Appearance 
pleasing or agreeable to the eye. Fuller. 

SFGHTLY, slte'-le. a. Pleasing to the eye ; striking 
to the view. Shakspeare. 

SFGIL $, sid'-jil. 544. n. s. [sigillum, Lat.] Seal 3 
signature. Dryden. 

SFGILLATIVE*, skF-j?l-la-t?v. a. [sigillatif, Fr. ; 
from sigillum, Lat.] Fit to seal ; belonging to a 
seal ; composed of wax. Cotgrave. 

SIGMO ID A L*, sfg-mSe'-dal. a. [Greek letter sig- 
ma, and eloos.] Curved, like the Greek letter al- 
ready named : a medical term. Smith. 

SIGN$, sine. 385. n.s. [pe£n, Sax.; signe, Fr. ; 
signum, Lat.] A token of any thing ; that by which 
aiiy thing is shown. Hooker. A wonder; a mira- 
cle; a prodigy. Exod. iv. A picture or token hung 
at a door, to give notice what is sold within. Donne. 
A monument; a memorial. Common Prayer. A 
constellation in the zodiack. Bacon. Note or token 
given without words. Luke. Mark of distinction ; 
cognizance. Milton. Typical representation j 
symbol. Brerewood. A subscription of one's name ; 
as, a sign manual. 

To SIGN, sine. v. a. [penman, Sax. ; signer, Fr. j 
signo, Lat.] To mark. Office of Baptism. To de- 
note ; to show. Shak. To ratify by hand or seal 
Dryden. To betoken ; to signify ; to represent typ- 
ically. Bp. Taylor. 

To SIGN*, sine. 'v. n. To be a sign, or omen. Shak. 

SFGNALS, sfg'-nal. 88. n.s. [signal, Fr. ; sennale,. 
Span.] Notice given by a sign; a sign that gives, 
notice. Sliakspeare. 

SFGNAL, sfg'-nal. a. [signal, Fr.] Eminent ; mem- 
orable ; remarkable. Clarendon. 

SIGNA'LITY, sfg-nal'-e-te. n.s. Quality of some- 
thing remarkable or memorable. Brown. 
838 



SIL 



SIL 



— nt\. move, nor, not ;— li'ihe, tab, bull ;— 6)1 ;— pound j — </un, THis. 



To SIGNALIZE, slg'-nal-lze. v. a. [signaler, Fr.] 
^ To make eminent; to make remarkable. Addison, 
SI'GNALLY, sig'-nal-e. ad. Eminently: remarka- 
bly ; memorably. Suiuli 
SIGNA'TION, slg-na'-shan. n.s. [signo. Lat.] Sign 

given; act of betokening. Brown. 
SIGNATURE, sHg/-na-iare. 463. n.s. [Vr.; signa- 
ture. Lat.] A sign or mark impressed upon any 
thing; a stamp; a mark. Waits. A mark upon 
any matter, particularly upon plants, bv which 
their nature or medicinal use is pointed out. Bacon. 
Proof drawn /rem marks. Rogers. [Among- print- 
ers.] Some letter or figure to distinguish different 
sheets. 
SI GNATURIST, slg'-na-uVrlst. it. s. One who 

holds the doctrine of signatures. Brown. 
SI GNER, sF-nur. n.s. One that signs. 
SI'GNET, slg'-net. 99. 7i.s. [signette, Fr.] A seal 
commonly used for the seal-manual of a king. 
Shakspeare. 
SIGNIFICANCE, sig-mf-fe-kanse. in. s. Power 
SIGNITlCANCY,s?g-nIf-fe-kan-se. \ of signifying; 
meaning. Holder. Force; energy; power of im- 
pressing the mind. Dryden. Importance; moment; 
consequence. Addison. 
SIGNIFICANT*, s?g-nlP-fe-kant. a. [signijiani, 
Fr. ; signi/kans, Lat.] Expressive of something be- 
yond the external mark. Betokening; standing as 
a sign of something. Raleigh. Expressive or rep- 
resentative in an eminent degree ; forcible to im- 
press the intended meaning. Hooker. Important ; 
momentous. 
SIGNIFICANT*, sig-nlf-fe-kant. n.s. That which 
expresses something beyond the external mark. 
Slialc A token ; that which stands as a sign of 
something. Wotton. 
SIGNFFICANTLY, slg-nff-fe-kant-lc. ad. With 

force of expression. South. 
SIGNIFICATION, s?g-ne-fe-ka/-shan. n. s. [Fr. ; 
significatio, Lat.] The act of making known by 
signs. South. Meaning expressed by a sign or 
word. Holder. 
SIGNIFICATIVE, sig-nlf-fe-ka-tlv. a. [significatif, 
Fr.] Betokening by an external sign. Brerewood. 
Forcible ; strongly expressive. Camden. 
SIGNFFICATIVELY*, sig-nlf-fe-ka-dv-le. ad. So 

as to betoken by an external sign. Abp. Usher. 
SIGNFFICATOK*, sig-nif-fe-ka-ttir. it.*. A signif- 

icatory. Burton. 
SIGNFFICATORY, s?g-nif-fe-ka-tfir-e. 512. n. s. 

That which signifies or betokens. Bp. Taylor. 
To SFGNTFY §, slg'-ne-fl. v. a. [signifier, Fr. ; sig- 
niftco, Lat.] To declare by some token or sign ; 
sometimes simply to declare. Shale. To mean ; to 
express. Nelson. To import ; to weigh. Bp. Tay- 
lor. To make known ; to declare. Rev. i. 
To SFGNIFY, slg'-ne-fl. 385. v. n. To express 

meaning with force. B. Jonson. 
SFGNIOR*, sene'-yfir. n. s. [signbre, ItaK] A title 
of respect among the Italians : with the Turks the 
grand signior is the emperour. Shakspeare. 
To SFGNIORIZE*, sene'-yur-lze. v. a. To exer- 
cise dominion over ; to subject. Shelion. 
To SFGNIORIZE*, sene'-yur-ize. v. n. To have 

dominion. Hewyt. 
SFGNIORY, sene'-yo-re. 113. n. s. [signoria, Ital.] 

Lordship ; dominion. SlwJc. Seniority. Shak. 
SIGNPOST, sW-post. n. s. [sign, and post.] That 

upon which a sign hangs. B. Jonson. 
SIK*, sik. ) * , „ 
SIKE*, sike. \ a - SucL S P enser ' 
SIKE*, slke. n. s. [ric, rich, Sax.] A small stream 

or rill ; one which is usually dry in summer. 
SFKER, sfk'-ftr. a. and ad. The old word for sure, 

or surely. Chaucer. See Sicker. 
SFKERNESS, suV-fir-nes. it.*. Sureness ; safety. 

Chaucer. 
To SILE£*. slle. v. a. [sila, So. Goth.] To strain, 

as fresh milk from the cow. 
■SILENCER slMense. n.s. [Fr. ; silentium, Lat.] 
The stale of holding peace ; forbearance of speech. 
Job,, xxxix. Habitual taciturnity ; not loquacity. 



Shak. Secrecy. Stillness ; not noise. Roscommon. 
Not mention ; oblivion; obscurity. Milton 
SFLENCE, sF-lense. inter}. An aulhaaative re- 
straint of speech. Shakspeare. 
To SPLENCEj sl'-iense. v. a. To oblige to hold 
peace ; to forbid to speak. Sliak. To still. Waller 
SFLFNT, sl'-lent. a. [silens, Lat.] Not speaking > 
mute. Psalm xxii. Not talkative ; not loquacious. 
Broome. Still; having.no noise. Spenser. Want- 
ing efficacy : a Hebraism. Raleigh. Not men- 
tioning. Milton. Not making noise or rumour. 
Dryden. 
SILE'NTIARY*, si-len'-she-a-re. n. s. [sikntiarius, 
low Lat.] One who is appointed to take care that 
silence and proper order be kept in court. One 
who is sworn not to divulge secrets of state. Bar 
row. 
SFLENTLY, sF-lent-le. ad. Without speech. Dry 
den. Without noise. Dryden. Without mention 
Locke. 
SFLENTNESS*, slMent-nes. n. s. State or quality 

of being silent. Ash. 

SILFCIOUS, se-llsh'-fls. 135, 357. a. [from cilicium.] 

Made of hair. Brown, [siliceus, or silicius, Lat.} 

Flinty ; full of stones, Kirwan. 

SILFCULOSE, sl-lfk-ku-lose'. 427. a. [silicvla, Lat.] 

Husky ; full of husks. Diet. See Appendix, p. 51. 

SILFGINOSE, sl-lfd-je-nose'. 427. a. [siliginosus. 

Lat.] Made of fine wheat. Diet. 
SFLING-Dw/i*, sF-lmg-dish. n. s. [from sile and 

dish.'] A strainer ; a colander. Barret. 

SI'LIQUA, sil'-le-kwa. 92. n. s. [Lat.] [With gold 

finers.] A carat of which six make a scruple, [si- 

liquc, Fr.] The seed-vessel, husk, cod, or shell, ©f 

such plants as are of the pulse kind. Diet. 

SPLIQUOSE, sil-le-kw6se'. ) [See Appendix, p. 

SFLIQUOUS, sfF-le-kwus. 5 51.] a. [siliqua, Lat.] 

Having a pod or capsula. Arbuthnot. 

SILK §, silk. n. s. [ r eolc, Sax.] The thread of the 

worm that turns afterwards to a butterfly. Sluik. 

The stuff' made of the worm's thread. Shakspeare. 

SFLKEN, snV-kn. 103. a. [reolcen, Sax.} Made 

of silk. Shak. Soft; tender. Spenser. Dressed in 

silk. Sliakspeare. 

To SFLKEN* sffk'-kn. v. a. To make soft or 

smooth. Dyer. 
SFLKINESS*, siF-ke-ne's. ? n.s. Softness; effemina- 
SFLKNESS*, silk'-nk;. $ cy; pusillanimity. B. 

Jonson. Smoothness. Lord Chesterfield. 
SI LKMAN*, sllk'-man. n.s. A dealer in silk. Shak. 
SILKME'RCER, silk'-mer-sur. n. s. [silk and mer- 
cer.] A dealer in silk. Johnson. 
SILKWEA'VER, sllk'-we-vur. n. s. One whose 

trade is to weave silken manufactures. Dryden. 
SFLKWORM, sllk'-wurm. n.s. The worm that spins 

silk. Bacon. 
SFLKY, sllk'-e. a. Made of silk. Slienstone. Soft; 

tender. Smith. 
SILL, sill. n. s. [vile, Sax. ; syll, Icel.] The timber 
or stone at the foot of the door. Burton. The bot- 
tom piece in a window frame. Shafts of a wag- 
on; thills. Grose. 
SFLLABUB, sfF-Ia-bub. n. s. A liquor made of 

milk and wine or cider, and sugar. Wotton. 
SFLLILY, slF-le-le. ad. In a silly manner; simply ; 

foolishly. Donne. 
SFLLINESS r s?F-le-nes. n.s. Simplicity; weakness; 

harmless folly. Bentley. 
SI'LLY$, siF-le. a. [raeli£. Sax.] Harmless; inno- 
cent; inoffensive ; plain ; artless. Spenser. Weak j 
helpless. Spenser. Foolish ; witless. Milton. Weak; 
disordered ; not in health. Pegge. 
SPLLYHOW, s?F-le-h6u. it. s. [relitf, Sax. ; and 
how, a hood.] The membrane that covers the head 
of the foetus. Brown. 
SILT, silt. n. s. [sylta, Sueth.] Mud ; slime. Hale 
SPLVAN, s?F-van. 88. a. [sUva, Lat.] Woody; full 

of woods. Dryden. 
SPLVER §, slF-vfir. 98. n.s. [silubr, Goth. ; reolpep. 
Sax. ; silber, Germ. ; silver, Dutch.] A white ana 
hard metal, next in weight to gold. Watts. Any 
thing of soft splendour. Pope. Money made of silver 



SIM 



SIN 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



SFLVER, sfl'-vfir. a. Made of silver. Gen. xliv. 

White, like silver. Spenser. Having a pale lustre. 

Sliak. Soft of voice ; soft in sound. Spenser. Soft ; 

gentle ; quiet. Spenser. 
To SFLVER, sil'-vdr. v. a. To cover superficially 

with silver. Shak. To adorn with mild lustre. 

Pope. 
SFLVER Fii-*, slK-var-fur. n. s. A species of the fir- 
tree. Bp. Berkeley. 
SPLVERBEATER, sll'-vftr-be-tur. n. s. One that 

foliates silver. Boyle. 
SFLVERLING, slF-vur-llng. n. s. A silver coin. 

Isaiah, vii. 
SFLVERLY, su'-vur-le. ad. With the appearance 

of silver. Sliakspeare. 
SFLVERSMITH^sll'-v&r-smfe/i. n.s. One that works 

in silver. Acts, xix. 
SI LVERTHISTLE, sfl'-vfir-Mls-sl. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
SFLVERWEED, sil'-var-weed. n. s. A plant. Mil- 
ler. 
SFLVERTREE, sll'-vur-tre. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
SFLVERY, sli'-vur-e. a. Besprinkled with silver. 

Woodward. 
SFMAGRE*, sfm'-a-gur. n. s. [simagrie, Fr.] Grim- 
h. T. 



ace. Drvden. Ob. 
SFMA'R, se-mar'. 
Dryden. 
['MIL 



[samare, Dutch.] A robe. 



SFMILAR $, sW-6-lur. 88. ) a. [similaire, Fr.; from 
SFMILARY$, sim'-e-lur-e. \ similis, Lat.] Homo- 

feneous; having one part like another; uniform. 
ioyle. Resembling ;. having resemblance. Hale. 
SLMILA'RITY, slm-e-lar'-e-te. n.s. Likeness; uni- 
formity. Arbnthnoi. 
SFMILARLY*, sW-e-lur-le. ad. With resemblance ; 

without difference ; in the same manner. Reid. 
SIMILE, sW-e-le. 96. n. s. [simile, Lat.] A com- 
parison by which any thing is illustrated or ag- 
grandized. Shakspeare. 
SIMFLITUDE, se-mll'-e-tude. n.s, [Fr.; similitudo, 
Lat.] Likeness ; resemblance. Bacon. Compari- 
son ; simile. Wotton. 
SLMILITUDINARY*, se-mll-e-uV-de-na-re. a. De- 
noting resemblance or comparison. Coke. 
SFMITAR, sim'-e-tur. 88. n. s. See Cimeter. A 

crooked or falcated sword with a convex edge. 
To SIMMER, sW-mfir. 98. v.n. [a word made 
probably from the sound.] To boil gently ; to boil 
with a gentle hissing. Boyle. 
SFi^SEL, sW-nel. n. s. [simenel, old Fr. ; simnellus, 
low Lat.] A kind of sweet bread or cake ; a crack- 
nel. Bullein. 
S1MONFACAL, s?m-m6-nl / -e-kal. a. Guilty of 
buying or selling ecclesiastical preferment. Sir M. 
Sandys. 
SIMO'NIACK, se-mi'-ne-ak. n.s. [simoniacus, Lat.] 
One who buys or sells preferment in the church. 
Bp. Bedell. 
SIMONFACALLY*, s?m-m6-nl / -e-kal-le. ad. With 

the guilt of simony. Burnet. 
SFMONY§, slm'-un-e. n.s. [simonie, Fr. ; simonia, 
Lat.] The crime of buying or selling church pre- 
ferment. Shakspeare. 
To SFMPER $, slm'-pur. 98. v. n. [semner, old Sueth., 
semper, modern.] To smile ; generally to smile 
foolishly. Sidney. 
SFMPER, sW-pur. 98. n.s. Smile; generally a 

foolish smile. Addison. 
SFMPERER*,sun'-pur-ur. n. s. One who simpers. 

Nevile. 
SFMPERINGLY*, sfm'-pur-lng-le. ad. With a fool- 
ish smile. Marslon. 
SIMPLER sW-pl. 405. a. [simplex, Lat. ; simple, 
Fr.] Plain; artless; unskilled; undesigning; sin- 
cere ; harmless. Hooker. Uncompounded ; un- 
mingled ; single ; only one ; plain ; not complicat- 
ed. Bacon. Silly ; not wise ; not cunning. Prov. xv'. 
SFMPLE, slm'-pl. n.s. [Fr.] A single ingredient 
in a medicine ; a drug. It is popularly used for an 
herb. Drayton. 
To SFMPLE, slm'-pl. v. n. To gather simples. 
Garth. 



SFMPLE-MINDED*, smi'-pl-mhid'-eU a. Having 

a simple, unskilled, and artless mind. Blackstcne. 
SFMPLENESS, sW-pl-n^s. n. s. The quality of be- 
ing simple. Digby. 
SFMPLER, sim'-pl-ur. 93. n.s. A simplist; a her- 

barist. Barrington. 
SPMPLESS, sW-ples. n.s. [simplesse, Fr.] Simpli- 
city; silliness; folly. Spenser. Ob. J. 
SFMPLETON, sW-pl-tun. n.s. A silly mortal ; a 

trifler; a foolish fellow. Pope. 
SFMPL1 CIAN*, slm-pllsh'-an. n. s. [simplex, sim- 
plicis, Lat.] An undesigning, unskilled person : op 
posed to politician, one of deep contrivance. Arch- 
deacon Arnway. 
SIMPLICITY, slm-phY-e-te. n.s. [simplicitas,!,^.', 
simplicity, Fr.] Plainness; arllessness; notsubtilty; 
not cunning ; not deceit. Sidney. Plainness ; not 
subtilty ; not abstruseness. Hammond. Plainness ; 
not finery. Dryden. Singleness ; not composition ; 
state of being uncompounded. Brown. Weakness; 
silliness. Hooker. 
SIMPLIFICATION*, sim-ple-fe-ld'-shfin. n.s. Act 
of reducing to simplicity or uncompounded stale. 
A. Smith. 
To SFMPLIFY §*, sW-ple-f 1. v. a. [simplificr, Fr. ; 
simplex and facio, Lat.] To render plain ; to bring 
back to simplicity. Barrow. 
SFMPLIST, sW-plk. n. s. One skilled in simples. 

Brown. 
SFMPLY, smV-ple. ad. Without art; without sub- 
tilty; plainly ; artlessly. Milton. Of itself ; without 
addition. Hooker. Merely ; solely. Hooker. Fool- 
ishly; sillily. 
SFMULACHRE*, sW-u-la-kur. n. s. [simulacrum, 

Lat.] An image. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. 
SFMULAR, sW-u-lar. 88. n.s. [simulo, Lat.] One 

that counterfeits. Sliakspeare. 
SFMUL ATE §*, sW-u-late. part. a. [simulatus, Lat.] 

Feigned; pretended. Bale. 
To SFMULATE*, sfm'-u-late. v. a. [simulo, Lat.] 

To feign ; to counterfeit. Thomson. 
SIMULATION, sfrn-u-la'-shim. n. s. [Fr. ; simula- 
tio, Lat.] That part of hypocrisy which pretends 
that to be which is not. Bacon. 
SIMULTANEOUS §, si mul-ta'-ne-fis. 135. a. [si- 
multancus, Lat.] Acting together; existing at the 
same time. Hammond. 
SIMULTANEOUSLY*, sl-mul-ta'-ne-fis-le. ad. At 
the same time; together; in conjunction. Slicn- 
stone. 
SFMULTY*, sW-fil-te. n. s. [simultas, Lat.] Pri- 
vate quarrel. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
SIN §, sin. n.s. [ryn, Sax.] An act against the laws 
of God ; a violation of the laws of religion. Tob. 
iii. Habitual negligence of religion. Waits. A 
man enormously wicked. Shakspeare. 
To SIN, sin. v. n. To neglect the laws of religion ; 
to violate the laws of religion. Psalm iv. To offend 
against right. Shakspeare. 
SIN, sin. ad. [sen, sedan, Swed.] Since. Spenser. 
SINCE §, slnse. conj. [by contraction from silhence, 
or sith thence, from yifte, Sax.] Because that. 
Locke. From the time that. Nuvib. xxii. 
SINCE, slnse. ad. Ago ; before this. Sidney. 
SINCE, s?nse. preposition. After; reckoning from 

some time past to the time present. Milton. 
SINCE'RE §, sin-sere', a. [sincerus, Lat. ; sincere, 
Fr.] Unhurt; uninjured. Dryden. Pure; unmin- 
gled. Atterhury. Honest; undissembling ; uncor- 
rupt. Waterland. 
SINCE'RELY, sfn-sere'-le. ad. Perfectly; without 
alloy. Milton. Honestly ; without hypocrisy; with 
purity of heart. Hooker. 
SINCE RENESS, s'm-sere'-nes. ; n. s. Honesty of 
SINCE'RITY, s?n-seV-e-te. \ intention ; purity 
of mind. Beaumont and Fletcher* Freedom from 
hypocrisy. Pope. 
SIN DON, sln'-dfin. 166. n.s. [sidinwi, Heb.] A 

fold ; a wrapper. Bacon. 
SINE, sine. n. s. [sinus, Lat.l A right sine, in geom- 
etry, is a right line drawn from one end of an arch 
perpendicularly upon the diameter drawn from the 
840 



SIN 



SIN 



-u(\, move, ndr, ndt ■,— tube, tub, bull ;— oil 3— pound ;— thin, this. 



other end of that arch 3 or it is half the chord of 
twice the arch. Harris. 
SINECURE, sl'-n-j-kure. n. s. [sine and rura, Lat.] 
An office which lias revenue without any employ- 
ment. Aij/ijl'c. 
SINEW $, sm'-nu. 265. n.s. [pmep, Sax. ; sineiven, 
Dutch.] A tendon 3 the ligament by which the 
joints are moved. Locke. Applied to whatever 
gives strength or compactness : as, Money is the 
sinews of war. Hooker. Muscle or nerve. Dairies. 
To SINEW, sm'-nu. v. a. 'To knit as by sinews. 

Shakspeare. Ob. J. t 

SINEWED, slu'-nude. 359. a. FuraLdied with 
sinews. Dryden. Strong ; firm ; vigorous. Shale. 
SFNEWLESS*, sin'-nii-les. a. Having no sinews 3 

without power or strength. Bp. Taylor. 
SFNEWSHRUNK, siV-na-shrunk. a. [sitmb and 
shrunk.] A horse when he has been over-ridden, 
and so fatigued that he becomes gaunt-bellied. 
Farrier's Diet. 
SFNEWY, siV-nii-e. a. Consisting of a sinew ; ner- 
vous. Donne. Strong ; nervous 3 vigorous 5 forci- 
ble. Shakspeare. 
Sl'NFUL, smMiil. «. [pinpull, Sax.] Alien from 
God 3 not holy; unsanctified. Milton. Wicked 3 not 
observant of religion ; contrary to religion. South. 
SINFULLY, sin -Tul-e. ad. Wickedly 3 not piously; 

not according to the ordinance of God. South. 
SINFULNESS, s'fn'-tui-nes. n. s. Alienation from 
Go J 3 neglect or violation of the duties of religion 3 
contrariety to religious goodness. Milton. 
To SING sS slug. r. n. preterit I sang, or sung ; part, 
pass. swig, [r-m^an, Sax. 3 singia, Icel. ; singlien, 
Dutch.] To form the voice to melody 5 to articu- 
late musically. Shale. To utter sweet sounds in- 
articulately. Bacon. To make any small or shrill 
noise. Shale. To tell in poetry. Prior. 
To SING, sing. 409. v. a. To relate or mention in 
poetry. Mi/ton. To celebrate ; to give praises to, 
in verse. Addison. To utter harmoniously. Ps. 
exxxvii. 
To SINGE §, slnie. v. a. [psen^an, Sax. ; sengen, 
Teut.] To scorch j to burn slightly or superficially. 
Bacon. , 
SINGE*, stnje. n.s. A slight burn. 
SINGER, shig'-fir. 410."«.s. One that sings ; one 
whose profession or business is to sing. Shakspeare. 
SINGING*, slng'-ing. n.s. Act of modulating the 
voice to melody; musical articulation 5 utterance 
of sweet sounds. Cantic. ii. 
SINGINGBOOK*, slng'-ing-buk. n. s. A book of 

tunes. Breirer. 
SI'NGINGLY*, slng'-mg-le. ad. With a kind of 

tune. North. 
SFNGINGMAN*, sing'-fng-man. n. s. One who is 
employed to sing : a term still used in our cathe- 
drals. Shalespeare. 
SFNGINGM ASTER, sfagMng-ma-stur. 410. n.s. 

One who teaches to sing. Addison. 
SFNGLE $, skg'-gl. 405. a. [singuhis, Lat.] One; 
not double ; not more than one. South. Particular; 
individual. Pope. Not compounded. Watts. 
Alone ; having no companion ; having no assistant. 
Milton. Unmarried. Shah. Not complicated ; 
not duplicated. Bacon. Pure ; uncorrupt ; not 
double-minded ; simple. St. Matt. vr. That in 
which one is opposed to one. Dryden. Singular 3 
particular. Whole Duty of Man. Small. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. Weak ; silly. Shakspeare. 
To SINGLE, sfng'-gl. w. a. To choose out from among 
oihers. Shale. To sequester ; to withdraw. Hooker. 
To take alone. Hooker. To separate. Sidney. 
SINGLENESS, s'lng'-gl-nes. n.s. Not duplicity or 
multiplicity ; the state of being only one. Sim- 
plicity ; since iy; honest plainness. Hooker. State 
of being alone Mason. 
SI NULY, slng'-gle ad. Individually; particularly. 
Bp. Taylor. Only; by himself. Shak. Without 
partners or associates. Pope. Honestly; simply; 
sincerely. 
SFNGSONG*, sfng'-sdng. n. s. A contemptuous ex- 
pression for bad singing. Rymer 



SINGULAR $, sW-gu-lar. 88,^79. a. [singular. 
Fr. ; singtdaris, Lat.] Single 3 not complex ; not 
compound. Walls. [In grammar.] Expressing 
only one; not plural. Locke. Particular j unex- 
ampled. Denham. Having something, not com- 
mon to oihers. Tillotson. Alone 3 that of which 
there is but one. Addison. 
SINGULAR*, slng'-gu-lar. n. s. Particular ; single 

instance. More. 
SINGULARIST*, slng'-giVlar-fst. n.s. One who 

affects singularity. Barrow. 
SINGULARITY, s!ug-gu-]ar'-e-te. n.s. [singuktn- 
te, Fr.] Some character or quality by which one is 
distinguished from all, or from most others. Raleigh. 
Any thing remarkable 5 a curiosity 3 uncommon 
character or form. Shale. Particular privilege or 
prerogative. Hooker. Character or manners dif- 
ferent from those of others. Hooker. 
To SINGULARIZE, s'fng'-gu-lar-lze. t. a. To 

make single. 
SINGULARLY, slng'-gu-lar-le. ad. Particularly; 
in a manner not common to others. South. So as 
to express the singular number. Bp. Morton. 
SFNGULT, slng'-gult. n. s. [singultus, Lat.] A sigh. 

Brown. 
SINISTER $, sln'-nls-t&r. 98, 503. a. [sinister, Lat.] 
Being on the left hand; left 3 not right ; not dexter. 
Shak. Bad 3 perverse 3 corrupt 5 deviating from 
honesty ; unfair. Hooker, [sinistre, Fr.] Uiilucky 3 
inauspicious. The accent on the second syllable. 
B. Jorisen. 
§Cr This word, though uniformly accented on the second 
syllable in the poets quoted by Johnson, is as uniformly 
accented on the first by all our lexicographers; and is 
uniformly so pronounced by the best speakers Mr. 
Nares tells us, that Dr. Johnson seems to think, that, 
when this word is used in its literal sense, — as, 
" In his sinister hand, instead of ball, 
" He plac'd a mighty mug of potent ale" — Dryden — 
it has the accent on the second syllable ; but when in the 
figurative sense of corrupt, insidious, &.c, on the first. 
This distinction seems no*, to be founded on the best 
usage, and is liable to the objections noticed under the 
word Bowl. — See Principles, No. 495. W. 
SINISTER-HANDED*, sm'-nfs-tur-hand'-eU a. 

Left-handed ; unlucky. Lovelace. 
SINISTERLY*, sfrV-nfs-l&r-le. ad. Perversely; cor- 
ruptly ; unfairly. A. Wood. 
SIN1STROUS, sln'-nfs-lras. a. [sinister, Lat.] Ab- 
surd ; perverse 3 wrong-headed. Sheldon. 
SINISTROUSLY, sm'-nis-trus-le. ad. With a ten- 
dency to the left. Brown. Perversely 3 absurdly. 
Brown. 
To SINK §, slngk. v. n. pret. I sunk, anciently, sank ; 
part, sunk or sunken, [penean, pmcan, Sax. 3 
sinken, Germ.] To fall down through any medium 3 
not to swim ; to go to the bottom. Shak. To fall 
gradually. 2 Kings, ix. To enter or penetrate into 
anybody. 1 Sam. xvii. To lose height; to fall 
to a level. Addison. To lose or want prominence. 
Shak. To be overwhelmed or depressed. Shak. 
To be received; to be impressed. St. Lnke,\x. 
To decline 3 to decrease ; to decay. Dryden. To 
fall kito rest or indolence. Addison. To fall into 
any state worse than the former; to lend to ruin. 
Dryden. 
To SINK. s!ngk.408. r.a. To put underwater; to dis- 
able from swimming or floating. Bacon. To delve; 
to make by delving. Boyle. To depress ; to de- 
grade. Prior. To plunge into destruction. Sfiak. 
To make to fall. Woodward. To bring low } to 
diminish in quantity. Addison. To crush 3 to 
overbear 3 to depress. Pope. To diminish j to de- 
grade. Addison. To make to decline. Rowe. To 
suppress; to conceal ; to intervert. Swift. 
SINK, smgk.408. n.s. [pmcan, Sax. ; sinken, Germ.) 
A drain j a jakes. Sluxk. Any place where cor- 
ruption is gathered. B. Jonson. 
SINLESS, sln'-le's. a. [pinleap, Sax.] Exempt from 

sin. Milton. 
SINLESSNESS, sfn'-lks-nes. n.s. Exemption from 

sin. Boyle. 
SINNER, sm'-n&r. 98. n.s. One at enmity wnn ftod', 
841 






SIR 



SIT 



0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, ptnj — 



one not truly oA-eligiously good. South. An of- 
fender; a criminal. ^o-»e. 

To SFNNER*, sin'-nfir. v. n. To act the part of a 
sinner. Pope. 

SINO'FFERING, sin'-of-f&Mng. n. s. An expiation 
or sacrifice for sin. Ex. xxix. 

SFNOPER, sin'-i-pur. 98. ? n.s. A species of earth; 

SFNOPLE, sin'-o-pl. S ruddle. Ainsworth. 

To SFNUATE §, sin'-yi-ate. v. a. [sinuo, Lat.] To 
bend in and out. Woodward. 

SmUA'TION, sm-yu-aZ-shdn. 113. n.s. A bending 
in and out. Hale. 

SINUOSITY, sin-yu-os'-e-te. n. s. The quality of 
being sinuous. Biblioth. Bibl. 

SFNUOUS, sin'-yu-fis. 113. a. [sinueux, Fr., from 
sinus, Lat.] Bending in and out. Bacon. 

SINUS, si 1 -ims. n. s. [Lat.] A bay of the sea; an 
opening of the land. Burnet. Any fold or open- 
ing. Biblioth. Bibl. 

jTo SIP §, sip. v. a. (jipan, Sax. ; sippen, Dutch.] 
To drink by small draughts; to take, at one appo- 
sition of the cup to the mouth, no more than the 
mouth will contain. Pope. To drink in small 
quantities. Milton. To drink out of. Dryden. 

To SIP, sip. v. n. To drink a small quantity. Dryden. 

SIP, sip. n.s. A small draught; as much as the 
mouth will hold. Shakspeare. 

To SIPE*, slpe. v. n. [sijpen, Teut.] To ooze or 
drain out slowly. Grose. 

SFPHON, sl'-fnn. 166. n. s. [dfov, Gr. ; sipho, Lat.] 
A pipe through which liquors are conveyed. 
Thomson. 

SIPID*, sip'-pld. a. [an old form of sapid.] Sa- 
voury. Cockeram. 

SFPPER, slp'-ptV- 98. n. s. One that sips. 

SFPPET, slp'-plt. 99. 7i. s. [sop, sip, sippet.] A small 
son. Milton. 

SI'QUIS*, sl'-kwls. n.s. [Lat. meaning, if any one.] 
An advertisement or notification. The word is 
still used when a candidate for holy orders causes 
notice to be given of his intention, to inquire if 
there be any impediment that may be alleged 
against him ; and a certificate is then given ac- 
cordingly. Bp. Hall. 

SIR, sflr. 109. n. s. [sire, Fr.] The word of respect 
in compel lation. Shakspeare. The title of a knight 
or baronet. Bacon. Formerly the title of a priest. 
Spenser. It is sometimes used for 'num. Shak. A 
title given to the loin of beef, which one of our 
kings knighted in a fit of good humour. Addison. 

SIRE, sire. n. s. [sire, Fr. ; senior, Lat.] The word 
of respect in addressing the king. A father. Shak. 
It is used in common speech of beasts : as, The 
horse had a good sire, but a bad dam. It is used 
in composition : as, grand-size, great-grand-^ire. 
To SIRE, sire. to. a. To beget ; to produce. Shak- 
speare. 

SIREN §, sl'-ren. n.s. [syer, Heb.] A goddess who 
enticed men by singing, and devoured them ; any 
mischievous, alluring woman. Shakspeare. 

SFREN*, sl'-ren. a. Alluring; bewitching like a 

siren. Hammond. 
To SI'RENIZE*, sl'-ren-lze. v. n. To practise the 

allurements of a siren. Cockeram. 
SIRI'ASIS, se-rl'-a-sis. 135, 503. n. s. [mpiacts.] An 
inflammation of the brain and its membrane, 
through an excessive heat of the sun. Diet. 
SFRIUS, sV-re-ns. n. s. [Lat.] The dogstar. 
SIRLO'lI^sur'-ldln. n.s. The loin of beef. See Sir. 
Sl'RNAME* See Surname. 
SIRO'CCO, se-rok'-k6. n. s. [Ital.] The south-east 

or Syrian wind. Milton. 
SPRRAH, sir'-ra. 92. n. s. [sir, ha !] A compila- 
tion of reproach and insult. Sliakspeare. 

§5= This is a corruption of the first magnitude, but too 
general and inveterate to be remedied. Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, 
pronounce it as I have donv W. Johnston, alone, pro- 
nounces it as if written serrah ; and Mr. Elphinston, 
because it is derived from sir and the interjection ah, 
says it ought to have the first syllable like sir. — See 
quotation under the word shire. W. 



S1RT* sert. n. s. [syrtis, Lat.] A bog ; a quick- 
sand. Translation of Boccalim. 

SFRUp!: I ^'^P- 166 " E s!r/ - rfi P> p ^ry.] | n. t. 
[Arabick.] The juice of vegetables boiled with 
sugar. Sidney. 

SI / RUPED,sfir / -rfipt. 359. a. Sweet, like sirup; be- 
dewed with sweets. Drayton. 

SFRUPY,siV-rfip-e. a. Resembling sirup. Mortimer 

SISE, size. n. s. [contracted from assize.] Donne. 

SFSKIN, sis'-kln. n.s. [suijtken, Teut.] A bird ; 
the greenfinch. Transl. ofBuffon. 

SFSTER §, sis'-tfir. 98. n.s. [j-peorfcep., Sax.; zus- 
ter, Dutch.] A woman born of the same parents ; 
correlative to brother. Shak. Woman of the same 
faith ; a Christian. One of the same nature ; hu- 
man being. James, ii. A female of the same kind. 
Shak. One of the same kind ; one of the same 
condition. Dryden. 

SISTER-IN-LAW, sis'-tfir-in-law. n.s. A husband 
or wife's sister. Ruth, i. 

To SFSTER*, sls'-tfr. v. a. To resemble closely. 
Shakspeare. 

To SFSTER*, sis'-tor. t\ n. To be akin ; to be near 
to. Shakspeare. 

SISTERHOOD, sis'-t&r-hfid. n.s. The office or 
duty of a sister. Daniel. A set of sisters. Bp. Hall. 
A number of women of the same order. Shakspeare. 

SFSTERLY, sis -tur-le. a. Like a sister; becoming 
a sister. Shakspeare. 

To Srr$, sit. v. n. preterit I sat. [sitan, Goth. ; j«it- 
fcan, Sax. ; setten, Dutch.] To rest upon the but- 
tocks. May. To perch t Baruch, vi. To be in a 
state of rest, or idleness. Mi/ton. To be in any 
local position. Shak. To rest as a weight or bur- 
then. Bp. Taylor. To settle; to abide. Milton. 
To brood ; to incubate. Jer. xvii. To be adjust- 
ed ; to be, with respect to fitness or unfitness, deco- 
rum or indecorum, [sied, old Fr.] Spenser. To 
be placed in order to be painted. Garth. To be 
in any situation or condition. Bacon. To be con- 
vened, as an assembly of a publick or authoritative 
kind; to hold a session : as, The parliament sits ; 
The last general council sate at Trent. To be 
placed at the table. St. Luke, xxii. To exercise 
authority. Dan. vii. To be in any solemn assem- 
bly as a member. 1 Mace. — To sit doicn. To be- 
gin a siege. Clarendon. To rest; to cease as sat- 
isfied. Rogers. To settle ; to fix abode. Spenser. 
To sit out. To be without engagement or employ- 
ment. Bp. Sanderson. To sit up. To rise from 
lying to sitting. St. Luke, vii. To watch ; not to 
go to bed. B. Jonson. 

To SIT, sit. v.a. To keep the seat upon. Prior. To 
place on a seat. Sluxk. To be settled to do busi 
ness. Addison. 

SITE §, site. n. s. [situs, Lat.] Situation ; local post 
tion. Fairfax. 

SI'TED* sl'-ted. a. Placed; situated. Spenser. 

SI'TFAST, sh'-fast. n.s. [sit and fast.] A hard knob 
growing under the saddle. Farrier's Diet. 

SITH, slth. conjunct. [YiSSe, Sax.] Since; seeing 
that. Hooker'. Ob. J. 

SITHE. n.s. Time. Spenser. Ob. J. 

SITHE§, or SCYTHE*, slTHe. n.s. [ r iSe, Sax.] 
The instrument of mowing ; a crooked blade joined 
at right angles to a long pole. Shakspeare. 

Tc SITHE*, sIthc v.a. To cut down with a sithe. 
Shakspeare. 

SITHED*, sIthU a. Armed with sithes. Dr. 
Warton. 

SFTHEMAN*, slTHe'-man. n. s. One who uses a 
sithe ; a mower. Peacham. 

SITHENCE. ad. [ r i8»an, j-iSSen, Sax.] Since ; 
in latter times. Spenser. 

SFTTER, slt'-tor. 98. n. s. One that sits. Bacon. One 
that watches, or goes not to bed. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. A bird that broods. Mortimer. 

SFTTING, sit'-ting. 410. n. s. The posture of sitting 

on a seat. The act of resting on a seat. Psalm. 

A time at which one exhibits himself to a painter 

Dryden. A meeting of an assembly. Shak. A 

842 



SKE 



SKI 



— 116, move, nor, not ;— tube, tab, ball j — 611 ;— pdund ; — thin, thjs. 



course of study unintermitted. Locke. A time for 
which one sits, as at plav, or work, or a visit. 
Dm den. Incubation. Addison. 

SITUATE $, sit'-tshu-ite. 463. part. a. [situs. Lat.] 
Placed, with respect to any thing- else. Bacon. 
Placed ; consisting-. Milton. 

SITUATION, sn-tshu-a'-slitin. n. s. [Fr.] Local re- 
spect ; position. Addison. Condition 5 state. Rogers. 
Temporary state ; circumstances: used of persons 
in a dramatick scene. 

SIX?, siks. a. [pyx. Sax.] Twice three 5 one more 
than five. Dryaen. 

SIX*, slks. n. s. The number six. Brown. 

SLX and Seven. To be at six and seven, is to be in a 
state of disorder and confusion. Bacon. 

SFXFOLD*, siks'-i&Jd. a. [pyx-pealb, Sax.] Six 
times told. 

SPXPENCE, siks'-pense. n.s. [six and pence.] A 
coin; half a shilling-. Shakspeare. 

SIXPENNY*, siks^-pen-ne. a. Worth sixpence. 
Preston. 

SIXSCO'RE, slks / -sk6re. a. Six times twenty. San- 
dys. 

SIXTEEN, siks'-teen. a. [pixfcyne, Sax.] Six and 
ten. Bacon. 

SFXTEENTH, siks'-teen^. a. [pixteoSa, Sax.] 
The sixth after the tenth ; the ordinal of sixteen. 
1 Chron. xxiv. 

SIXTH, slksth. a. [pixta, Sax.] The first after the 
fifth ; the ordinal of six. Bacon. 

SIXTH, sfks^/j. n. s. A sixth part. Cheyne. 

SI'XTHLY, slks^'-le. ad. . In the sixth place. 
Bacon. 

SFXTIETH, slks'-te-M. 279. a. [pixfceo£oSa, 
Sax.} The tenth six times repeated ; the ordinal 
of sixty. Digby. 

SIXTY, slks'-te. a. [pixfci£, Sax.] Six times ten. 
Bacon. 

SFZABLE*, si'-za-bl. a. Of considerable bulk. 
Hard. 

SIZE §, size. n. s. [cise, from incisa, Lat. ; or from 
assize, Fr.] Bulk ; quantity of superficies ; com- 
parative magnitude. Shak. [assize, old Fr.] A 
settled quantity. SliaJc. Figurative bulk; condition. 
Swift, [sisa, Ital.] Any viscous or glutinous sub- 
stance. 

To SIZE, size. «. a. To swell ; to increase the bulk 
of. Beaumont and Fletcher. To adjust, or arrange 
according- to size. Hudibras. [from assise.] To 
settle; to fix. Bacon. To cover with glutinous 
matter ; to besmear with size. Sir W. Petty. 

SI'ZEABLE, sl'-za-bl. a. Reasonaoly bulky ; of just 
proportion to others. Arbuthnot. 

SIZED, slzd. 359. a. Having a particular magni- 

SI'ZER, sl'-zur. 98. ; n. s. A certain rank 

SE'RVITOR, seV-ve-tur. 166. \ of students in the 

university of Cambridge. Bp. Corbet. 
Sl'ZERS, slz'-zfirz. n. s. See Scissor. Tusser. 
SFZINESS, sl'-ze-nes. n. s. Glutinousness ; viscosi- 

t}'. Floyer. 
SI'ZY, sKze. a. Viscous ; glutinous. Arbuthnot. 
SKA'DDLE?, skad'-dl. n. s. [pcaomppe, Sax.] 

Hurt ; damage. Diet. 
SKA'DDLE^ skad'-dl. a. Mischievous; ravenous. 

Ray. 
SKA'DDONS, skad'-dunz. n.s. The embryos of 

bees. Bailey. 
SKAIN, ) ,1 c, AC . (n.s. [escaigne, Fr.] A knot 
SKEIN, \ skane - 249 - \ of thread or silt wound 

and doubled. Shakspeare. 
SKAI'NSMATE, skanz'-mate. n. s. A messmate 3 a 

companion. Shakspeare. 
SKATE, skate, n. s. A sort of shoe armed with iron, 

for sliding_on the ice. See Sca.te. 
To SKATE, skate, v. a. To slide on skates. 
SKATE, skate, n.s. A flat sea-fish. 
SKEAN, skene. n. s. [pa^en, Sax.] A short sword; 

a knife. Spenser. 
SKEEL*, skeel. n. s. [scliale, Germ.] A shallow, 

wooden vessel for holding milk or cream. Grose. 
SKEG, skeg. n. 5. A wild plum. 



SK'EGGER, skeg'-gur. 98. n *. Little salmon. 
Walton. 

SKEIN, skane. 249. See Skain 

SKELETON, skelMe-l&n. 166. n.s. tweAwif.] [In 
anatomy.] The bones of the body preserved to- 
gether, as much as can be, in their natural situation. 
Quiucij. The compages of the principal parts 
Hale. 

SKE'LLUM, skel'-lum. n.s. [schelme, Fr. : schelm, 
Germ.] A villain; a scoundrel. Biograpli Brit. 

SKEP, sk£p. n. s. A sort of basket, narrow at the 
bottom, and wide at the top, to fetch corn in. 
[peep, Sax.] Tusser. In Scotland, the reposito- 
ries where the bees lay their honey. 

SKEPT1CK?, skep'-dk. 330. [See Scirrhus.] n.s. 
[(tkctttikos, Gr. ; sceptique, Fr.] One who doubts, 
or pretends to doubt, of every thing. Bp. Hall. — 
[Notwithstanding the authority of Dr. Johnson in 
writing skeptick, skeptical, &c, the old form o* 
sceplick, &c, maintains its ground. Todd. — Skep 
tick is the orthography of the dictionaries of Ken 
rick, Sheridan, Perry, Jones, &c. ; but sceplick is 
preferred by Walker and Fulton and Knight.] 

SKETTICAL, sk£p'-t6-kal. a. Doubtful ; pretend- 
ing to universal doubt. Bentley. 

SKETTICALLY*, skep'-te-kal-le. ad. With 
doubts ; in a skeptical manner. Goodman. 

SKETTICISM, skep'-te-slzm. n.s. [scepticisme, Fr.] 
Universal doubt ; pretence or profession of univer 
sal doubt. Dry den. 

To SKE'PTICIZE* skep'-te-slze. v. n. To pre- 
tend to doubt of everv thing. Ld. Shaftesbury. 

To SKETCH?, sk^tsh. v. a. [schetsen, Dutch.] To 
draw, by tracing the outline. Watts. To plan, 
by giving the first cr principal notion. Dnjden. 

SKETCH, skeUsh. n. s. [schets. Dutch.] An ouUine ; 
a rough draught ; a first plan. Addison. 

SKEW §*, sku'. a. [skiacv, or skaev, Dan.] Oblique j 
distorted. Brewer. 

SKEW*, skill, ad. Awry. 

To SKEW*, sku. v. a. To look obliquely upon ; 
figuratively, to notice slightly. Beaum. and Fl. To 
shape or form in an oblique way. 1 Kings, vi. 

To SKEW*, sku. v. n. To walk obliquely : still used 
in some parts of the north. L' Estrange. 

SKE'WER§, skure. 265. n. s. [skere, Dan.] A 
wooden or iron pin, used to keep meat in form. 
Dm den. 

To SKE'WER, skure. 98. y. a. To fasten with 
skewers 

SKIFFS, skiff, n. s. [schiff, Germ. ; esquif, Fr. ; sca- 
pha, Lat.] A small, light boat. Brown. 

To SKIFF*, skiff. ». a. To pass over in a small, 
light boat. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

SKILFUL $, skll'-ful. a. {skill and full.] Knowing; 
qualified with skill; possessing any art; dexterous; 
able. 2 Chron. ii. 

SKILFULLY, skll'-ful-e. ad. With skill ; with art; 
with uncommon ability ; dexterously. Sid?iey. 

SKILFULNES3, skll'-ful-nes. n. s. Art ; ability ; 
dexterousness. 

SKILL §, skil. n. s. [skil, Icel.] Knowledge of any 
practice or art ; readiness in any practice ; knowl- 
edge ; dexterity ; artfulness. Shale. Any particu- 
lar art. Hooker. Reason ; cause. Prcyle, Sax.l 
Wiclitfe. J 

To SKILB* skil. v. n. [skilia, Icel.] To be knowing 
in ; to be dexterous at ; to know how. Spenser. 
To differ ; to make difference ; to interest ; to mat- 
ter. Hooker. 

To SKILL*, skil. v. a. To know; to understand. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. Ob T. 

SKFLLED, skll'd. 359. a. Knowing; dexterous; 
acquainted with. Milton. 

SKILLESS, skll'-les. a. Wanting skill ; artless. 
Sidney. Ob. J. 

SKILLET, sklF-llt. 99. n. s. [escuellette, Fr.] A smalt 
kettle or boiler. Slvxkspeare. 

SKILT, skllt. n. s. Difference. Cleavehnd. 

To SKIM §, skim, v. a. [properly to scum, from scum ; 
escume, Fr.] To clear ofl from the upper part, by 
passing a vessel a little below the surface. Prior 
843 



SKI SLA 




(D 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met J— pine, pin ;— 



To take by skimming-. Dryden. To brush the sur- 
face slightly ; to pass very near the surface. Dry- 
den. To cover superficially. Dryden. 
To SKIM, skim. v. n. To pass lightly ; to glide along. 

Addison. 
SKIM*, skim, n. s. Scum ; refuse. Bryskett. 
SKl'MBLESKAMBLE, skim'-bl-skAm-hl. a. [by 
reduplication from scamble.] Wandering; wild. 
Sfiaksjxare. 
SKFMMER, skim'-mur. 98. n. s. A shallow vessel 
with which the scum is taken off. Mot-tinier. One 
who skims over a book or subject: a ludicrous 
word. Skelton. 
SKIMMI'LK, skim-milk', n. s. Milk from which the 
cream has been taken. King. 

SKIN §, skin, n. s. [skind, Dan.] The natural cover- 
ing of the flesh. It consists of the cuticle, outward 
skin, or scarf skin, which is thin and insensible, and 
the cutis, or inner skin, extremely sensible. Harvey. 
Hide ; pelt ; that which is taken from animals to 
make parchment or leather. Chapman. The body; 
the person : in ludicrous speech. L' Estrange. A 
husk. 
To SKIN, skm. v. a. To flay ; to strip or divest of the 
skin. Ellis. To cover with the skin. Sfiak. To 
cover superficially. Addison. 

SKPNDEEP*, skln'-deep. a. Slight; superficial. 
Feltham. 

SKINFLINT, skm'-fllnt. n. s. [skin and flint.] A 
niggardly person. 

SKINK §, skingk. n. s. []*cenc, Sax.] Drink ; any 
thing potable. Pottage. Bacon. 

To SKINK, skingk. 408. v, n. [jcencau, Sax.] To 
serve drink. 

SKPNKER, skfngk'-fir. n. s. One that serves drink 
Shakspeare. 

SKI'NLESS*, skln'-les.a. Having a slight skin : as, 
the skinless pear. 

SKPNNED, skln'd. 359. a. Having skin ; hard ; cal- 
lous. Sharp. 

SKPNNER, skln'-n&r. 98. it. s. A dealer in skins, 
or pelts. 

SKI'NNINESS, skln'-ne-nes. n. s. The quality of 
being skinny. 

SKPNNY, skiii'-ne. a. Consisting only of skin; 
wanting flesh. Shakspeare. 

To SKIPS, skip. v. n. [skopa, Icel.] To fetch quick 
bounds ; to pass by quick leaps ; to bound lightly 
and joyfully. Jer. xlviii. — To skip over. To pass 
without notice. Bacon. 

To SKIP, skip. v. a. To miss ; to pass. Shakspeare. 

SKIP, skip. it. s. A light leap or bound. Sidney. 

SKPPJACK, sldp'-jak. n. s. An upstart. Martin. 

SKI'PKENNEL, sklp'-ken-nll. n.s. A lackey; a 
footboy. 

SKPPPER, sklp'-pur. 98. n. s. A dancer. Huloet. A 
youngling ; a thoughtless person. Shale, [schipper. 
Dutch.] A shipmaster; a shipboy. Congreve. The 
hornfisn, so called in some places. 

SKPPPET, sklp'-pet. n. s. A small boat. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

SKPPPINGLY*, sklp'-plng-le. ad. By skips and 
leaps. Howell. 

To SKIRL'*, skerl. v. n. To scream out. See 
Shrill. 

SKPRMISH^, sker'-m?sh. 108. n. s. [schirmen, 
Germ. ; skermuche. old Fr.] A slight fight : less 
than a set battle. Potter. A contest; a contention. 
Shakspeare. 
To SKI RMISH, skeV-mlsh. v. n. [escarmoucfier, 
Fr.] To fight loosely; to fight in parties before or 
after the shock of the main battle. Fairfax. 

SKI RMISHING*, sker'-mlsh-Ing. n. s. Act of fight- 
ing loosely. Bp. Taylor. 

SKPRMISHER, skeV-mlsh-nr. n.s. He who skir- 
mishes. Barret. 
To SKIRR, sker. v. a. [aidpw.] To scour ; to ram- 
ble over in order to clear. Shakspeare, 
To SKIRR, sker. v. n. To scour ; to scud ; to run 
in haste. Shakspeare. 

SKPRRET, sker'-rlt. 99. n. s. A plant. Mortimer. 
SKIRT $, skert. 108. n. s. [skoerte, Swed.] The 



loose edge of a garment ; that part which hangs 
loose below the waist. 1 Sam. xv. The edge oi 
any part of the dress. Addison. Edge; margin; 
border; extreme part. Spenser. 
To SKIRT, skert. v. a. To border ; to run along the 

edge. Carew. 
SK1T§*, skit. n.s. [skats, Icel.] A light, wanton 
wench. Howard. A reflection, jjcitan, Sax.] 
Some jeer, Or jibe, cast upon any one. 
To SKIT*, skit. v. a. To cast reflections on. Grose. 
SKPTTISH §, sklt'-llsh. a. {skyg, Su. Goth.] Shy ; 
easily frighted. BcSum. and Fl. Wanton ; vola- 
tile ; hasty; precipitate. Shak. Changeable; 
fickle. Sliakspeare. 

SKITTISHLY, sklt'-tlsh-le. ad. Wantonly; uncer- 
tainly ; ficklv. Shencood. 

SKFTTISHNESS, skll'-tlsh-nes. n. s. Wantonness; 
fickleness. 

SKPTTLES* sk'ft'-tlz. n. s. [formerly keels or kayles, 
and kettlepins.] Ninepins. Warton. 

SKONCE, sk6nse. n. s. See Sconce. Carew. 

SKREEN §, skreen. 246. n. s. [escran, escrein, Fr.] 
A riddle or coarse sieve. Tusser. Any thing by 
which the sun or weather is kept off". Prior. Shel- 
ter; concealment. Dryden. 
To SKREEN, skreen. v. a. To riddle; to sift: a 
term used among masons. To shade from sun, or 
light, or weather. To keep off light or weather. 
Dryden. To shelter ; to protect. Phillips. 
To SivRINGE*, skrlnje. (v. a. [perhaps a corrup- 
To SKRUNGE*, skrunje. $ tion of skfeto.] To 
squeeze violently. 

SKUE, sku. 335. a. Oblique ; sidelong. Bentley. 
To SKUG*, skfig. v. a. [perhaps a corruption of 

skiolka, Su. Goth.] To hide. Grose. 
To SKULK, skulk, v. n. To hide ; to lurk in fear 
or malice. Dryden. 

SKULLS, skftl. n. s. [skiola, Icel.] The bone that 
encloses the head: it is made up of several pieces, 
which, being joined together, form a considerable 
cavity, which contains the brain as in a box, and it 
is proportionate to the bigness of the brain. Quin- 
cy. [-j-ceole, Sax.] A shoal. Walton. 

SKU'LLCAP, skttl'-kap. n. s. A headpiece. A plant. 

SKUTE*. skute. n. s. [schuyt, Dutch.] A boat or 
small vessel. Sir R. Williams. 

SKY§, skel. 160. n. s. [sky, Dan.] The region which 
surrounds this earth beyond the atmosphere. It 
is taken for the whole region without the earth. 
Milton. The heavens. Shak. The weather ; the 
climate. Addison, [sky, Su. Goth.] A cloud; a 
shadow. Gower. 

SKY'COLOUR, skei'-kul-ur. n. s. An azure colour ; 
the colour of the sky. Boyle. 

SKY'COLQURED, skel'-k&l-flrd. a. Blue; azure; 
like the sky. Addison. 

SKY'DYED, skel'-dlde. a. Coloured like the sky 
Pope. 

SKY'ED, skelde. 359. a. Enveloped by the skies 
llwmson. 

SKY'EY, skel'-e. a. [from sky.] Ethereal. Shak. 

SKY'ISH, skei'-Ish. a. Coloured by the ether ; ap 
proaching the sky. Shakspeare. 

SKY'LARK, skel'-lark. n. s. A lark that mounts 
and sings. Spectator. 

SKY'LIGHT, skel'-llte. n.s. A window placed in 
a room, not laterally, but in the ceiling. Arbuthnot. 

SKYROCKET, skel'-rok-It. n. s. A kind of fire- 
work, which flies high, and burns as it flies. Ad- 
dison. 

SLAB §, slab. a. Thick ; viscous ; glutinous. Sliak. 

SLAB, slab. n. s. A puddle. Evelyn. A plane of 
stone : as, a marble slab. The outside plank of a 
piece of timber when sawn into boards. Kay. 

To SLA BBER, slab'-bfir, or sl6b'-bur. v. n. [slab- 
ben, slabbei-en, Teut.] To sup up hastily. Barret. 
To smear with spittle. Arbuthnot. To shed ; to. 
spill. Tusser. 

95=- The second sound of this word is by much the more- 
usual one ; but, as it is in direct opposition to the or- 
thography, it ought to be discountenanced, and the a re- 
stored to its true sound. Correct uaage seems somewhal 
844 



SLA 



SLA 



— nA, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tab, ball ; — 6?l ; — pdond ; — thin, this. 



Inclined to this reformation, and every lover of correct- 
ness ought to favour it. IV. 
ToSLA'BBER, slab'-bflr. v.n. To let the spittle 
fall from the mouth ; to drivel. To shed or pour 
anv thing'. 
SLA BBEIiER, slab'-bfir-ar. 98. n. s. One who slab- 
bers; an idiot. 
SLA BBY, sliib'-be. a. Thick; viscous. Wiseman. 

Wet ; floody : in low language. Gau. 
SLACK s s , slak. a. [jdeac, Sax.; sink, Su. Goth.; 
sluken, Icel.] Not tense; not hard drawn ; loose. 
Arbuthnot. Relaxed; weak; not holding fast. 
Zeph. iii. Remiss; not diligent; not eager; not 
fervent. Hooker. Not violent; not rapid. Cluxucer. 
Not intense. Mortimer. 
To SLACK, slak. ) v.n. [rlacian, Sax.] 

To SLA'CKEN, slak'-kn. 103. ] To be remiss ; to 
neglect. Deut. xxiii. To lose the power of cohe- 
sion. Moxon. To abate. Milton. To languish ; 
to fail ; to flag. Necessary Erudit. of a Christ. Man. 
7 V> SLACK, slak. ) v. a. To loosen ; to make 

To SLA'CKEN, s»k'-ko. \ less tight. Drydm. To 
relax; to remit. Dairies. To ease; to mitigate 
Spenser. To remit for want of eagerness. B. Jan- 
son. To cause to be remitted ; to make to abate 
Bacon. To relieve ; to unbend. Denham. To 
withhold ; to use less liberally. Shak. To crum- 
ble ; to deprive of the power of cohesion. Morti 
wten To neglect. Shak. To repress; to make 
less quick or forcible. Addison. 
SLACK, slak. n. s. [from To slake.] Small coal ; 
coal broken in small parts : as, Slacked lime turns 
to powder. ) 

SLACK*, slak. n. s. A valley or small, shallow dell. 

Grose. 
SLA'CKLY, sllk'-le.arf. [ r leaclice, Sax.] Loosely; 
not tightly; not closely. Negligently; remissly. 
Shak. Tardily. Colgrave. 
SLACKNESS, slik'-nes. n. s. [rleacnerre, Sax.] 
Looseness; not tightness. Negligence; inatten- 
tion ; remissness. Hooker. Tardiness. Sharp. 
"Weakness ; not force ; not intenseness. Brereicood. 
SLADG*, slide, n. s. [ r lseb, Sax.] A flat piece of 
ground-lying low and moist ; a little den or val- 
ley. Drayton. 
SLAG. slag. n. s. The dross or recrement of metal. 

Boi/le. 
SLATE, sla. n. s. [yla?, Sax.] A weaver's reed. 
SLAIN, slane. The part. pass, of slay, (jla^en, 

Sax.] Isa. lxvi. 
To SLAKE (\ slake, v.a. [slaecka, Icel.] To quench; 
to extinguish. Spenser. It is used of lime ; so that 
it is uncertain whether the original notion of to 
slack or slake lime, be to powder or quench it. 
Woodward. 
$2r* There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word like 
the word slack. This is the word, as Dr. Johnson ob- 
serves, from which it is evidently derived : but, as it has 
acquired a distinct and appropriated meaning, it is with 
great propriety that it differs a little from its original, 
both in orthography and pronunciation. 
All our orthoepists unite in pronouncing this word regu- 
larly ; but, as Mr. Smith observes, bricklayers and their 
labourers universally pronounce it with the short a, 
as if written slack ; and it may be added, that the cor- 
rectest speakers, when using the participial adjective 
in the words unslaked lime, pronounce the a in the 
same manner ; but this ought to be avoided. W. 
To SLAKE, slake, v. n. [apparently from slack.] 
To grow less tense ; to be relaxed. Davies. To 
abate. Barret. To go out; to fce extinguished. 
Brown. 
SLAKE* n. s. See Slack. 

To SLAM, slam. v. a. [staemra, Ice'l.] To slaughter; 
to crush ; to beat or cuff a person ; to push violent- 
ly : as, He slam'd-lo the door. — A . word used only 
in low conversation. Grose. 
SLAM*, slam. n. s. Defeat : applied, at cards, to the 
adversary who has not reckoned a single point. 
Loyal Songs. 
SLA'MKIN*, slam'-ldn. > n. s. [perhaps 

SLA'MMERKIN*, slam'-mfir-kKn. $ from the Germ. 
schlam.] A slatternly woman ; a trollop. 



To SLA'NDER$, slan'-ddr. 78. r. a. [esclandre, old 

Fr.l To censure falsely ; to belie. 2 Sam. xix. 
SLA'NDER, slan'-diir. «. s. False invective. Shak. 
Disgrace; reproach. Sliak. Disreputation; ill 
name. Shokspeare. 
SLA'NDERER, slan'-dfir-ar. n.s. One who belies 
another ; one who lays false imputations on ai.oth- 
er. Bp. Taylor. 
SLANDEROUS, slan'-dar-fis. 314. a. Uttering re- 
proachful falsehoods. Shak. Containing reproach- 
ful falsehoods ; calumnious. Spenser. Scandalous. 
Homilies. 
SLANDEROUSLY, slan'-dfir-as-le. ad. Calumnf- 

ously; with false reproach. Spenser. 
SL A'N DEROUSNESS*, slan'-d&r-fis-nes. n. s. State 

or quality of being reproachful. Scott. 
SLANG, slang. The preterit of sling. 1 Sam. xvii. 
SLANK, slangk. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
SLANTS, slant. 78. fa. [slant, Swed.] Ob- 

SLA'NTING^slant'-lng. f Hque; not direct; not 

perpendicular. Milton. 
TV" SLANT*, slant, v. a. To turn aslant or aside. 

Fuller. 
SLA'NTING*, slanting, n. s. Oblique remark, 

Fuller. 
SLA'NTLY, slanf-le. 78. )ad. Obliquely; not 
SLA'NTWISE, slant'-wlze. $ perpendicularly j 

slope. Tvsser. 
SLAP §, slap. n. s. [schlap, Germ.] A blow ; proper- 
ly with the hand open, or with something rather 
broad than sharp. Milton. 
SLAP, slap. ad. With a sudden and violent blow. 

Arbuthnot. 
To SLAP, slap. v. a. To strike with a slap. Prior. 
SLAPDA'SH, slap-dash 7 , interj. [or ad.] [from slap 

and dash.] All at once. Prior. A low word. 
SLAPE*, slape. a. Slippery; and also smooth. 

Grose. 
To SLASH §, slash, v. a. [slasa, Icel.] To cut ; to 
cut with long cuts. Sir T. Herbert. To lash. 
King. To cause to make a sharp sound. More. 
To SLASH, slash, v. n. To strike at random with a 

sword ; to lay about him. Spenser. 
SLASH, slash, n.s. Cut; wound. Clarendon. A cut 

in cloth. Sliakspeare. 
To SLAT*. See To Slatter. 
SLATCH, slatsh. n. s. [a sea term.] The middle 
part of a rope or cable that hangs down loose. 
Bailey. A transitory breeze of wind; an interval 
of fair weather : a sea term. Sir H. Sliere. 
SLATE §, slate, n. s. [esclate. FY. ; slaihts, M. Goth.l 
A gray stone, easily broken into thin plates, which 
are used to cover houses, or to write upon. Grew. 
To SLATE, slate, v. a. To cover the roof; to tile. 

Swift. 
To SLATE*, slate. ) v. n. [perhaps from T-laefcin^e, 
To SLETE*, slete. ] Sax.] To set a dog loose at 

any thing, as sheep, swine, &c. Ray. 
SLATER, sla'-tfir. 98. n. s. One who covers with 

slates or tiles. 
To SLA'TTER§*, slat'-tfir. v.n. [sladde, Icel. and 
O. Sueth.] To be slovenly and dirty. Ray. To 
be careless or awkward ; to spill carelessly. 
SLA'TTERN, slat'-turn. 98. n. s. A woman negli- 
gent, not elegant or nice. Hudibras. 
To SLA'TTERN* slat'-tfirn. v. a. To- consume 

carelessly or negligently. Ld. Chesterfield. 
SLATTERNLY*, slaf-turn-le. a. Not clean ; slov- 
enly. Ld. Chesterfield. 
SLA'TTERNLY* slat'-tarn-le. ad. Awkwardly? 

negligently. Ld. Chesterfield. 
SLA'TY, slaMe. a. Having the nature of slate. 

Woodward. 
SLA'UGHTER§, slaw'-tfir. 213, 390. n.s. [on- 
flaunt, Sax.] Massacre ; destruction by the sword- 
SlujJcspeare. 
To SLAUGHTER, slaw'-tflr. v.a. To massacre 5 
to slay ; to kill with the sword. Shak. To kilt 
beasts for the butcher. 
SLA'UGHTERER*, slaw'-tur-ur. n. *. One em 

ployed in killing;. Sluikspeare. 
SLAUGHTERHOUSE, slaw' .fir-house, «. *. 
845 



SLE 



SLE 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, pin ;- 



House in which beasts are killed for the butcher. 
Sliakspeare. 
SLA'UGHTERMAN, slaw'-tar-man. n. s. One em- 
ployed in killing. Shakspeare. 
SLAUGHTEROUS, slaw'-tur-fts. a. Destructive; 

murderous. Sluikspeare. 
SLAVE§, slave, n. s. [esclave, Fr.] One mancipated 
to a master ; not a freeman ; a dependant. Shak. 
One that has lost ti.e power of resistance. Waller. 
Proverbially for the lowest state of life. Nelson. 
To SLAVE*, slave, v. a. To enslave. Feltliam. 
To SLAVE, slave, v.n. To drudge; to moil; to 

toil. Swift. 
SLA'VEBORN*, slave'-bdrn. a. Not inheriting liber- 
ty. Drummond. 
SLA'VELIKE*, slave'-llke. a. Becoming a slave. 

Shakspeare. 
SLA'VERS, slav'-ur. 98. n. s. [saliva, Lat.; slmfe, 
Icel.] Spittle running from the mouth ; drivel. 
Brown. 
To SLA'VER, slav'-ur. ». «. To be smeared with 

spittle. Shakspeare. To emit spittle. Sidney. 
To SLA'VER,. slav'-ur. v. a. To smear with drivel. 

Dryden. 
SLA'VERER,s1av'-ur-ur. 9S.n.s. [slabbaerd, Dutch.] 
One who cannot hold his spittle; a driveller; an 
idiot. 
SLA'VERINGLY*, slav'-ur-?ng-le. ad. With slaver, 

•or drivel. Cotgrave. 
SLA'VERY, sla'-vur-e. 557. n. s. Servitude ; the con- 
dition of a slave ; the offices of a slave. K. Charles. 
SLA'VISH, sla'-vlsh. a. Servile; mean; base; de- 
pendent. Shakspeare. 
SLA'VISHLY, sla'-vish-Je. ad. Servilely ; meanly. 

Raleigh. 
SLA'VISHNESS, sla'-vlsh-nes. n. s. Servility; 

meanness. Fotherby. 
To SLAY§, sla. 220. v. a. preter. slew ; part. pass. 
slain, [slahan, Goth. ; j-laeau. Sax.] To kill ; to butch- 
er ; to put to death. Sliakspeare. 
SLAY*. See Sley. 

SLA'YER, sla'-fir. 98. n. s. Killer; murderer; de- 
stroyer. Spenser. 
SLEAVE $, sleev.rc.s. [slefa, Icel.] The ravelled, 
knotty part of the silk, which gives great trouble to 
the knitter or weaver. Sliakspeare. 
To SLEAVE*, sleev. v. a. To separate into threads; 

to sleid. Whitlock. 
SLE'AVED*, sleevd, or sle'-v£d. a. Raw ; not spun ; 

unwrought. Holinshed. 
SLE'AZY,sle'-ze.227.a. Weak; wanting substance. 

Howell. 
SLEDS, sled. n.s. [slccd, Dan. ; sledtie, Dutch.] A 

carriage drawn without wheels. P. Fletcher. 
SLEDDED, sled'-dld. 99. a. Mounted on a sled. 

Shakspeare. 
SLEDGE, sledje. n. s. [rlec£, rle^e, Sax. ; sleg- 
gia, Icel.] A large, heavy hammer. Spenser, A 
carnage without wheels, or with very low wheels; 
properly a sled. Mortimer. 
SLEEKS, sleek. 246. a. [sleyck, and slicht, Teut.] 
Smooth ; nitid ; glossy. Sliak. Not rough ; not 
harsh. Milton. 
SLEEK*, sleek, n. s. That which makes smooth ; 

varnish. Transi of Boccalini. Ob. T. 
To SLEEK, sleek, w. a. To comb smooth and even. B. 
Jonson. To render soft, smooth, or glossy. Shak. 
SLEE'KLY,sleek'-le.arf. Smoothly; glossily. Sliak. 
SLEE'KNESS*, sleek'-nes. n. s. Smoothness. Felt- 
ham. 
SLEE'KSTONE, sleek'-stone. n.s. A smoothing 

stone. Peacham. 
SLEEKY*, sleek'-e. a. Of a sleek or smooth ap 

pearance. Thomson. 
To SLEEPS, sleep. 246. v. n. [slepan, Goth. ; rlae- 
pan, Sax.] To take rest, by suspension of the men- 
tal and corporal powers. Sliak. To rest ; to be mo- 
tionless. Shak. To live thoughtlessly. Atterbury. 
To be dead : death being a state from which man 
will some time awake. 1 Tliessal. To be inatten- 
tive ; not vigilant. Sliak. To be unno ticed, or un- 
attended : as, The matter sleeps. 



SLEEP, sleep, n. s. [slep, Goth. ; r lep, Sax.] Re 
pose ; rest; suspension of the mental and corpora, 
powers ; slumber. Bacon. 

SLEE'PER, sleep'-ur. 98. n. s. [flaepepe, Sax.] One 
who sleeps ; one who is not awake. Shak. A lazy, 
inactive drone. Grew. That which lies dormant, 
or without effect. Bacon. A fish. Ainsworth. [In 
architecture.] A strip of solid timber (or some sub- 
stantial substitute) which lies on the ground to sup- 
port the joist of a floor. Evelyn. 

SLEE'PF'UL*, sleep'-ful. a. [rlappul, Sax.] Over- 
powered bv desire to sleep. Scott. 

SLEE'PFULNESS*, sleep'-ful-nes. n. s. [ r la PF ul- 
mr. Sax.] Strong desire to sleep. 

SLEE'PILY, sleep'-e-le. ad. Drowsily ; with desire 
to sleep. Dully ; lazily. Raleigh. Stupidly. At- 
terbury. 

SLEE'PINESS, sleep'-e-ngs. n. s. Drowsiness ; dis- 
position to sleep ; inability to keep awake. Ar- 
buthnot. 

SLEE'PING*, sleep'-ing. n. s. The state of resting 
in sleep. The state of not being disturbed, or no^ 
tieed. Shafcspeare. 

SLEE'PLESS,sleep'-l£s. a. Wanting sleep; always 
awake. Milton. 

SLEE'PLESSINESS*, sleep'-les-ncs. n.s. Want ot 
sleep. Bp. Hall. 

SLEE'PY, sleep'-e. a. Drowsy ; disposed to sleep. 
Mirror for Magistrates. Not awake. Shak. So- 
poriferous ; somniferous ; • causing sleep. Milton. 
Dull ; lazv. Shakspeare. 

SLEETS, sleet. 246. n. s. [slud, Dan. ; sletla, Icel.] 
A kind of smooth, small hail or snow, not falling in 
flakes, but single particles. Dryden. Shower of 
any thing falling thick. Milton. 

To SLEET, sleet, r. n. To snow in small particles 
intermixed with rain. 

SLEETY, sleet'-e. a. Bringing sleet. Warton. 

SLEEVE S, sleev. 246. n. s. [ r !yp, Sax.] The part 
of a garment that covers the arms. Sidney. A 
knot or skein of silk. See Sleave. — To laugh, in 
the sleei'c. To laugh unperceived. L'Estrange. 
To hang on a sleeve. To make dependent. Hooker. 
— A fish. Ainsworth. 

SLEE'VED, sleev'd. 359. a. Having sleeves. 

SLEE'VELESS, sleev'-les. a. Wanting sleeves; 
having no sleeves. Donne. Wanting reasonable- 
ness; wanting propriety; wanting solidity; with 
out a cover or pretence. Bp. Hall. 

To SLEID*. slide, v. a. [from sley.) To prepare for 
use m the weaver's sley or slat/. Sliakspeare. 

SLEIGHTS, slite. 253. n.s. [ r lio\ or r ly&, Sax.] 
Artful trick ; cunning artifice; dexterous practice; 
as, sleight of hand : the tricks of a juggler. This 
is often written, but less oroperlv. slight. Hooker. 

SLEIGHT*, slite. a. [r-|yfc,Sax.] Deceitful; artful. 
3Iilton. MS. Mask of Com. 

SLEI'GHTFUL* siite'-ful. a. Artful; cunning. W. 
Browne. 

SLEI'GHTILY*, shV-te-le. ad. Craftily; cunning 
ly. Huloet. 

SLEPGHTY* sli'-te. a. Craft v; artful. Huloet. 

SLEIVE*. See Sleave. 

SLE'NDERS, slen'-dur. 98. a. [slinder, Dutch.] 
Thin ; small in circumference compared with the 
length; not thick. Milton. Small in the waist; 

• having a fine shape. Milton. Not bulky ; slight ; 
not strong. Pope. Small ; inconsiderable ; weak. 
Hooker. Sparing; less than enough : as, a slen 
der estate and slender parts. Shak. Not amply 
supplied. Philips. 

SLE'NDERLY, slen'-dur-le. ad. Without bulk. 
Slightly ; meanly. Havward. 

SLE'NDERNEiS, slen'-dfir-nes. n. s. Thinness; 
smallness of circumference. Bacon. Want of bulk 
or strength. Arbulhnot. Slightness; weakness; 
inconsiderableness. Whitgift. Want of plenty. 
Gregory. 

SLEPT, slept. The preterit of sleep. Pope. 

SLEW, slu. 265. T'he preterit of slay. Knolles. 

SLEY S*, sla. n.s. []-lae, Sax.] A weaver's reed. 
Croxall. 

846 



SLI 



SLI 



— 116, move, ndr, not y— tAbe, tub, bull ; — oil 5 — pound ; — thin, thjs. 



2VSLEY, sla. 269. r. ?;. To separate •, to part or 

twist into threads ; to sleid. 
To SLICES, sllse. v. a. [schleissen, Germ.; rhtan, 

Sax.] To cut into flat pieces. Sandys. To cut into 

parts. Cleaveland. To cut oil' in a broad piece. 

Gai/. To cut ; to divide. Burnet. 
SLICE, sllse. n. s. []*lrce. Sax.] A broad piece cut 

off*. Bacon. A broad piece. Pope. A broad head 

fixed in a handle ; a peel ; a spatula. Halcewill. 
SLICK, a. See Sleek. 
SLID, slid. The preterit of slide. Chapman. 
SLFDDEN, slid'-d'n. 103. The participle passive of 

slide. Jer. viii. 
ToSLI'DDERS, slid'-dftr. 93. v. n. (jlibenian, 

jdibnian, Sax.; slidderen, Teut.] To slide with 

interruption. Dryden. 
SLIDDER*. slid'-dftr. ) „,. ~, 

SLFDDERY*, slid'-dftr-e. \ a - Slippery. Chaucer. 
To SLIDE $, slide, v. ?i. slid, pret.; slidden, part. pass. 

[pliban. Sax.] To pass along' smoothly; to slip; 

to glide. Bacon. To move without change of the 

foot. Sidney. To pass inadvertently. Ecclns. 

xxviii. To pass unnoticed. Sidney. To pass 

along: by silent and unobserved progression. Shak. 



To pass silently and gradually from good to bad 
South. To pass without difficulty or obstruction. 
Pojm.: To move upon the ice by a single impulse, 



South. _To pass without d 

the Lv, 
without change of feet. Waller. To fall by errour. 
Bacon. To be not firm. Thomson. To pass with 
a free and gentle course or flow. 

To SLIDE, slide, v. a. To pass imperceptibly. Watts. 

SLIDE, slide, n. s. [rlibe, Sax.] Smooth and easy 
passage. Bacon. Flow ; even course. Bacon. 

SLFDER, sll'-dftr. n. s. [j-libeji, Sax.] The part of 
an instrument that slides. Burke. One who slides. 

SLFD1NG*, sll'-ding. n. s. Transgression : hence 
backsliding. Sliakspeare. 

SLIGHT C sllte. 393. a. [sliclit, Dutch.] Small 5 
worthless ; inconsiderable. Dryden. Not impor- 
tant; not cogent; weak. Locke. Negligent; not 
vehement ; not done with effort. Bacon. Foolish 3 
weak of mind. Hudibras. Not strong ; thin : as, a 
slight silk. 

SLIGHT, sllte. n,. s. Neglect; contempt; act of 
scorn. RicJiardson. Artifice ; cunning practice. 
See Sleight. South. 

SLIGHT*, sllte. ad. Slightly. Shakspeare. 

To SLIGHT, sllte. v. a. To neglect ; to disregard. 
Milton. To throw carelessly. Shak. [slichten, 
Dutch.] To overthrow ; to demolish. Ld. Claren- 
don.— To slight over. To treat or perform care- 
lessly. Bacon. 

To SLI GHTEN*, st-tn. ?\ a. To neglect ; to dis- 
regard. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

SLIGHTER, sll'-lftr. 98. n. s. One who disregards. 
Bp. Taylor. 

SLIGHTINGLY, sll'-ting-le. 410. ad. Without rev- 
erence ; with contempt. Boyle. 

SLFGHTLY, sllte'-le. ad. Negligently ; without re- 
gard. Hooker. Scornfully; contemptuously. South. 
Weakly; without force. Milton. Without worth. 

SLFGHTNESS, sllte'-nes. n. s. Weakness; want 
of strength. Negligence; want of attention; want 
of vehemence. Shafcsj)eare. 

SLFGHTY*, sli'-te. a. Trifling; superficial. Echard. 

SLFLY, sll'-le. ad. [from sly.] Cunningly; with 
cunning secrecy ; with subtle covertness. Shak. 
See Slyly. 

SLIM vS slim, a. [Icel. ; slaemr, Teut.] Weak ; slight: 
unsubstantial. Barrow. Slender; thin of shape. 
Addison, [slim, Teut. ; and schlim, Germ.] Worth- 
less. 

SLIME^, slime. 71. s. []*lim, Sax.; sligm, Dutch.] 
Viscous mire; any glutinous substance. Genesis. 

SLFMINESS, sll'-me-nes. n. s. Viscosity ; gluti- 
nous matter. Austin. 

SLFMNESS*, slW-nes. n. s. State or quality of 
being slim 

SLIMY, sll'-me. a. \jhmi$, Sax.] Overspread 
with slime. Sluik. Viscous ; glutinous. Milton. 

SLFNESS, sll'-nes. n. s. [from sly.] Designing ar- 
tifice. Addison. See Slyness 



SLING $, sling. 410. n. s. [sliunga, Su. Goth. ; slin 
ghe, Teut.] A missive weapon aiade by a zirap 
and two strings ; the stone is lodged in the strap r 
and thrown by loosing one of the strings. Job, xli, 
A throw ; a stroke. Milton. A kind of hanging 
bandage, in which a wounded limb is sustained. 

To SLING, sling, v. a. [slinghen, Teut. ; rhn^an. 
Sax.] To throw by a sling. To throw ; to cast 
Addison. To hang loosely by a string. Dryden. 
To move by means of a rope. Dryden. 

SLFNGER, sling'-ftr. 409, 410. n. s. One who slings 
or uses the sling. 2 Kings, iii. 

To SLINKS, slingk. i>. n. preter. slunk, [rhncan, 
Sax.) To sneak ; to steal out of the way. Shale. 

To SLINK, slingk. 408, 410. v. a. To cast; to mis- 
carry of. Mortimer. 

SLINK*, slingk. a. Produced before its time : applied 
to the young of a beast. Student, vol. i. 

To SLIP §, slip. v. n. [flipan, Sax. ; slippen, Dutch.) 
To slide ; not to tread firm. South. To slide ; to 
glide. Sidney. To move or fly out of place. Wise- 
man. To sneak; to slink. Spenser'. To glide; 
to pass unexpectedly or imperceptibly. Sidney. 
To fall into fault or errour. Sluik. To creep by 
oversight, Pope. To escape ; to fall away out of 
the memory. Hooker. 

To SLIP, slip. v. a. To convey secretly. Arkithnoi. 
To lose by negligence. B. Jonson. To part twigs? 
from the main body by laceration. Mortimer. 1& 
escape from ; to leave slily. Shak. To let loose, 
Dryden. To let a dog, loose. Dryden. To throw 
off any thing that holds one. Swift. To pass over 



negligently. Atterbury 
a. [rk 
a colloquial expression 



epan on, Sax.] To put ore 
o slip 



To SL?P on*. 
rather hastily 
on one's clothes. 

SLIP, slip. n.s. [r-lipe, Sax.] The act of slipping 1 . ;, 
false step. Errour ; mistake ; fault. Wotton. A 
twig torn from the main stock- Hooker. A leash 
or string in which a dog is held, from its being so 
made as to slip or become loose by relaxation of 
the hand. Shak. An escape ; a desertion. Hudi- 
bras. A counterfeit piece of money, being brass 
covered with silver. Shak. A long, narrow piece. 
Addison. The stuff found in the troughs of grind- 
stones, on which edge-tools have been ground. 
Sir W. Petty. A particular quantity of yarn. 
Barret. 

SLFPBOARD, slip'-bord. n. s. A board sliding in 
grooves. Sicift. 

SLFPKNOT, slip'-not. n.s. A bowknot ; a knot 
easily untied, moxon. 

SLFPPER, slip-pur. 98. )n.s. [ r hppep., Sax.] A 

SLFPSHOE, slip'-shoft. \ shoe without leather be- 
hind, into which the foot slips easily. Raleigh. An 
herb. 

SLFPPER, slip'-pftr. a. [yhpuyi, Sax.] Slippery ; 
not firm. Spenser. Ob. J. 

SLFPPERED*, slip'-pfird. a. Wearing slippers. 
Warton. 

SLFPPERILY, slip'-pftr-e-le. ad. In a slippery man 
ner. 

SLFPPERINESS, slip'-pftr-e-nSs. n. s. State or 
quality of being slippery; smoothness; glibness. 
Government of Vie Tongue. Uncertainty; want of 
firm footing. Donne. 

SLIPPERY, slip'-pur-e. a. [j-lipun, Sax. ; sliperig, 
Swed.] Smooth ; glib. Mortimer. Not affording 
firm footing. Sluik. Hard to hold ; hard to keep. 
Dryden. Not standing firm. Shak. Uncertain j 
changeable; mutable; instable. Sliak. Not cer- 
tain in its effect. L' Estrange. Not chaste. Shak- 
speare. 

SLIPPY, suV-pe. a. [yhpe^, Sax.] Slippery ; easi- 
ly sliding. Davies. 

SLFPSHOD, slip' -shod. a. Having the shoes not 
pulled up at the heels, but barely slipped on. SwifL 

SLIPSLOP, shy-sl6p. n. 9. B ad liquor. 



SLI'PTHRIFTMlp'-fcrlA. \, 

who has loosened himself fron 
gal : a spendihrift. Cotgrave. 
847 



and th-ift.] One 
restraint; a prodi 



SLO 



SLU 



(D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pln;- 



SLISH, stish. n. s. A low word formed by redupli- 
cating slash. Shakspeare. 
To SLIT $, slit. »'. a. pret. and part, sfa and slitted. 
[rhcan, Sax. ; slita, feel.] To cut longwise. Bacon. 
To cut in general. Milton. 
SLIT, silt. n. *. [ylifc, Sax.] A long cut, or narrow 

opening. Bacon. 
SLFTTER*, suV-tur. n. s. One who cuts or slashes. 

Cotgrave. 
To SLIVE $, sllve. ? v. a. [flipan, Sax.] To 
7b SLPVERS, sll'-vfir. ) split; to divide longwise ; 
to tear off longwise. Shak To cut or cleave in 
general. 
To S LIVE*, sllve. v.n. [s/ocm-,Dan.] To sneak. Grose. 
SLPVER, sll'-vur. 98. n.s. A branch torn off. Chaucer. 
SLOATS, slots. 295. n. .v. Of a cart, are those under- \ 
pieces which keep the bottom together. Bailey. j 
To SLO / BBER §*, slob'-hur. i>. a. [slobbern, Teut.] 
To slaver; to spill upon; to slabber. See To Slab- 
ber. 
SLOBBER, slob'-bur, ji.s. Slaver ; liquor spilled. 
SLOBBERER*, stfb'-bdr-fir. n.s. A slovenly farm- 
er. Grose. 
SLO'BBERY* sloh'-bur-e. a. [siobberen, Teut.] 

Moist ; dank ; fioody. Sliakspeare. 
To SLOCK, slok. )v. n. [slockna, Su. 

To SLO'CKEN* slok'-kn. \ Goth. ; sloeclca, Icel.] 

To slake; to quench. 

SLOE, sl6. 296. n.s. [ r ia, Sax.; slee, Dan.] The 

fruit of the blackthorn; a small wild plum. Black- 

tnore. 

SLOOM* ) ,!i C w. s. [sluymen, Teut. ; rlume- 

SLOUM*, \ sl&6m ' $ jiian, Sax.] A gentle sleep or 

slumber. Grose. 
SLOOMY*, sl66m'-e. a. [fome. Teut.] Sluggish ; 

slow. Skinner. 
SLOOP, slo6p. 306. n. s. [chahupe, Fr.] A small 

ship, commonly with only one mast. 
To SLOP $, sl6p. v. a. [from lap, lop, slop.] To drink 

frossly and greedily, [perhaps from slip.] To soil 
y letting water or other liquor fall. 

SLOP. slop. n.s. Mean and vile liquor of any kind. 
Soil or spot made by water or other liquors fallen 
upon the place. 

SLOP, slop. n. s. [ylopen, Sax.] Trowsers; large 
aud loose breeches ; drawers. Homily against Ex- 
cess of Apparel. Ready-made clothes. 

SLOP-SELLER*, sldp'-sSWfir. n. s. One who sells 
readv-made clothes. Maydman. 

SLOP-SHOP*, slop'-shop. n. s. Place where ready- 
made clothes are sold. 

SLOPES, sl6pe. a. [plipan, Sax.] Oblique; not per- 
pendicular. Bacon. 

SLOPE, slope. n. s. An oblique direction ; any thing 
obliquely directed. Declivity; ground cut or form- 
ed with declivity. Bacon. 

SLOPE, sl6pe. ad. Obliquely ; not perpendicularly. 
Milton. 

To SLOPE, slope, r. a. To form to obliquity or de- 
clivity; to direct obliquely. Sliakspeare. 

To SLOPE, slope, v. n. "To take an oblique or de- 
clivous direction. Dryden. 

SLO'PENESS, slope'-nes. n. s. Obliquity ; decliv- 
ity; m.t perpendicularity. Wotton. 

SLOPEWISE, slipe'-wlze. a. Obliquely ; not per- 
pendicularly. Carew. 

SLO'PINGLY, sl6'-p?ng-le. 410. ad. Obliquely; not 
perpendicularly. Digby. 

SLO'PPY, slop'-pe. a. Miry and wet ■ perhaps, rather, 
slabby. 

To SLOT, s!6t. v. a. [sluta, Swed. ; sluyten, Teut.] 
To strike or clash hard ; to slam : as, to slot a door. 
Ray. 

SLOT, slot. n. s. [rla;tin£e, Sax.] The track of 
a deer. Drayton. 

SLOTHS, sltoft. 467. n.s. [y^pfS, T ] ep%, Sax.] 
Slowness ; tardiness. Shak. Laziness ; sluggish- 
ness ; idleness. Shak. An animal. Grew. 

To SLOTH*, s\6th. v. n. To slug; to lie idle. Gower, 
Ob. T. 

SLO'THFUL, stotoMftl. a. Idle ; laey ; sluggish ; in- 
active; indolent; da'll of motion. Proverbs, xviii. 



SLO'THFULLY, sltefc'-ffil-e. ad. Idly ; lazily ; with 

sloth. 
SLO'THFULNESS, sl6^-ful-nes. n.s. Idleness, 

laziness; sluggishness; inactivity. Hooker. 
SLO'TTERY*, sldt'-tfir-e. a.'[slodderen, Teut.] 
Squalid ; dirty ; untrimmed. Chaucer. Foul ; wet : 
as, slMery weather. Pryce. 
SLOUCH $, sloutsh. 313. n. s. [slok, Sueth.] An idle 
fellow; one who is stupid, heavy, or clownish. 
Granger. A downcast look ; a depression of the 
head. An ungainly, clownish gait or manner. 
Swift. 
To SLOUCH, sl6fltsh. v. n. To have a downcast, 
clownish look, gait, or manner. Lord Chesterjield. 
To SLOUCH*, sloutsh. v. a. To depress; to press 

down : as, to slouch the hat. 
SLOUGH $, sldu. 31 3, 390. n. s. [rlo£, Sax.] A deep, 

miry place ; a hole full of dirt. Hayward. 
SLOUGH, sl&f. 391. n. s. The skin which a serpent 
casts off at his periodical renovation. SlwJc. The 
skin. Shak. The part that separates from a foul 
sore. Wiseman. 
To SLOUGH, sluf. v. n. To part from the sound 

flesh : a chirnrgical term. 
SLO'UGHY, sl6u'-e. a. Miry ; boegy ; muddy. Swift. 
SLCVEN §, sUV-ven. ^03. n. s. [sloef, Dutch ; 
yslyvn, Welsh ;, ]*lapian, Sax.] A man indecently 
negligent of cleanliness ; a man dirtily dressed 
Hooker.. 
SLOVENLINESS, sl&v'-ven-le-nes. n. s. Indecent 
negligence of dress; neglect of cleanliness. Wot- 
ton. Any negligence or carelessness. Bp. Hall. 
SLO'VENLY, sluV-ven-le. a. Negligent of dress. 

Bp. Hall. 
SLOVENLY", sluv'-ven-le. ad. In a coarse, inelegant 

manner. Pope. 
SLO'VENRY, sluv'-ven-re. n. s. Dirtiness ; want 

of neatness. Shakspeare. 
SLOWS, slo. 324. a. [ r lap, y\aep, Sax.] Not swift; 
not quick of motion ; not speedy; not having velo- 
city ; wanting celerity. Milton. Late ; not happen- 
ing in a short time. Milton. Not ready ; not 
prompt ; not quick. Exodus, iv. Dull ; inactive ; 
tardy ; sluggish. Dryden. Not hasty ; acting with 
deliberation ; not vehement. Comm. Prayer. Dull ; 
heavy in wit. Pope. 
SLOW, sl6, in composition, is an adverb, slowly. 

Donne. 
To SLOW, sl6. v. a. To omit by dilatoriness ; to 

delay; to procrastinate. Shakspeare. 
SLOW*, sl6. n. s. [rlip, Sax.] A moth. Chaucer. 

Ob. T. 
SLOWBACK*, skV-bak. r0s. A lubber; an idle 

fellow. Favour. 
SLOWLY, sld'-le. ad. [ r lauhce, Sax.] Not speedi- 
ly ; not with celerity ; not with velocity. Pope. 
Not soon ; not early ; not in a little time. B-icon. - 
Not hastily ; not rashly : as, He determines slowly. 
Not promptly; not readily : as, He learns slowly. 
Tardily ; sluggishly. Addison. 
SLO WNESS, sl6'-n£s. n. s. Smallness of motion ; 
not speed; want of velocity; absence of celerity or 
swiftness. Wilkins. Length of time in which any 
thing acts or is brought to pass ; not quickness. 
Hooker. Dulness to admit conviction or affection. 
Bentley. Want of promptness ; want of readiness. 
Deliberation; cool delay. Dilatoriness; procras- 
tination. 
SLO' W WORM, slo'-wflrm. n.s. [j-lap-pyp.m, Sax.] 
The blind worm; a small kind ot viper, not mortal, 
scarcely venomous. Brown. 
To SLU'BBER $, slfib'-bfir. 98. v. a. [slobbert, Sca- 
no-Goth.] To do any thing lazily, imperfectly, or 
with idle hurry. Sidney. To stain; to daub, [from 
slobber, slabber, or slavser.] Shak. To cover coarse- 
ly or carelessly. Wotton. 
To SLU'BBER*, sl&b'-b&r. t\ n. To be in a hurry ; 

to move with hurry. More. 
SLUBBERDEGULLION, slub-bSr-de-g&F-yun. 



n. s. A paltry, dirty, sorry wretch. Hudibras. 



SLU'BBERINGLY^sl&b'-bur-mg-le.od. In an im- 
perfect or slovenly manner. Drayton. 
848 



SMA 



SMA 



— n<N, move, nflr, not;— tube, t&k, bull;— 611;— pdund;— </iin, -ruis. 



SLUDGE, slfldje. n.s. [j-lo^,Sax.] Mire; dirt mix- 
ed with water. Mortimer. 

SLUGS: slog, n. s. [slug, Dan.; and slock, Dutch.] 
An idler; a drone; a slow, heavy, sleepy, lazy 
vretch. Shale. A hinderance ; an obstruction. 
Bacon. A kind of slow -creeping snail. Search. 
jplecg, Sax.] A cylindrical or oval piece of metal 
snot from a gun. Barrow. 

TbSLUG, slog. v. 71. To lie idle ; to play the drone ; 
to move slowly. Spenser. 

To SLUG*, slug. i>. a. To make sluggish. Milton. 

SLUG-a-Iterf*, ^shV-a-bed. n. s. One who is fond of 
King in bed; a drone. Sliakspeare. 

SLUGGARD, slfig'-gard. 88. n.s. An idler ; a 
drone ; an inactive, lazy fellow. Sliakspeare. 

SLUGGARD*, slog'-gord. a. Lazy; sluggish. Dry- 
den. 

To SLU'GGARDIZE, slfig'-gfir-dlze. v. a. To make 
idle; to make dronish. Sha/cspeare. 

SLUGGISH, slog'-gish. a. [from slug.] Dull; drow- 
sy; lazy; slothful; idle; insipid; slow; inactive; 
inert. Sj)enser. 

SLUGGISHLY, sl&g'-gish-le. ad. Dully ; not nim- 
bly; lazily; idly; slowly. Milton. 

SLUGGISHNESS, slfig'-glsh-nes. n. s. Dulness ; 
sloth; laziness; idleness; inertness. B. Jonson. 

SLU'GGY*, slfig'-ge. a. Sluggish. Chaucer. 

SLUICES, slose. 342. n.s. [sluyse, Dutch ; escluse, 
Fr.] A watergate ; a floodgate ; a vent for water. 
Milton. 

To SLUICE, slise. v. a. To emit by floodgates. 
Sliakspeare. 

SLU'ICY, sliV-se. a. Falling in streams as from a 
sluice or floodgate. Dryden. 

To SLU'MBER S, slom'-bor. v. n. []-lumepian, Sax. ; 
sluynieren, Dutch.] To sleep lightly ; to be not 
awake nor in profound sleep. Psalms. To sleep ; 
to repose. Milton. To be in a state of negligence 
and supineness. Young. 

To SLU'MBER, slom'-b&r. v. a. To lay to sleep. 
Wotton. To stupify; to stun. Spenser. 

SLUMBER, slGm'-bor. 98. n.s. Light sleep ; sleep 
not profound. Sluik. Sleep ; repose. Dryden. 

SLU'MBERER*, slfim'-bfir-ar.n.s. [ r lumep.e, Sax.] 
One who slumbers. Donne. 

SLUBBERING*, sl&m'-bor-lng. n. s. State of re- 
pose. Job, xxxiii. 

SLUMBEROUS, shW-bur-as. ) a. Inviting to sleep; 

SLUMBERY, sl&m'-bar-e. ] soporiferous . 

causing sleep. Milton. Sleepy ; not waking. Shak. 

SLUNG, slung. The preterit and particip.e passive 
of sling. 

SLUNK, slungk. The preterit and participle pas- 
sive of slink. Milton. 

To SLURS, slur. v. a. [slorig, Teut., nasty ; shore, 
a slut.] To sully ; to soil ; to contaminate. Cud- 
worth. To pass lightly; to balk ; to miss. More. 
To cheat; to trick. Hudibras. 

SLUR, slflr. n. s. Faint reproach ; slight disgrace. 
V Estrange. Trick. Butler. [In musick.] A mark 
denoting a connexion of one note with another. 

SLUT S, slat. n. s. [slodde, Teut.] A dirty person : 
now confined to a dirty woman. Gower. A word 
of slight contempt to a woman. Sliakspeare. 

SLU'TTERY, slot'-tiVe. 557. n. s. The qualities 
or practice of a slut. Sliakspeare. 

SLUTTISH, shV-tish. a. Nasty; not nice; not 
cleanly; dirty; indecently negligent of cleanliness. 
Sidney. It is used sometimes for meretricious. 
Holiday. 

SLUTTISHLY, slfit'-dsh-le. ad. In a sluttish man- 
ner; nastily; dirtily. Sir E. Sandys. 
SLUTTISHNESS, slat'-tlsh-nes. n. s. The quali- 
ties or practice of a slut ; nastiness ; dirtiness. Sidney. 
SLYS, sll. a. []-ho\ Sax.] Meanly artful ; secretly 
insidious; cunning. Spenser. Slight; thin; fine. 
Spenser. 
SLY LY, sll'-le. ad. With secret artifice ; insidiously. 

Phillips. See Slily. 
SLY'NESS*, sll'-nes. n.s. Designing artifice, [slyly 
and slyness, the correct spelling. Todd.] See Sli- 
NESS. 

107 



To SMACKS, smak. v.n. []-mieccan, Sax. ; smaec~ 
ken, Dutch.] To have a taste ; to be tinctured with 
any particular taste. Barret. To have a tincture 
or quality infused. Sliak. To make a noise by 
separation of the lips strongly pressed together, as 
after a taste. Barrow. To kiss with a close com- 
pression of the lips, so as to be heard when they 
separate. Pope. 
To SMACK, smak. v. a. To kiss. Donne. To make 

to emit any quick, smart noise. Young. 
SMACK, smak. n. s. []-msee, Sax. ; smaeck, Dutch.] 
Taste ; savour. Tincture ; quality from something 
mixed. Spenser. A pleasing taste. Tusser. A 
small quantity ; a taste. Dryden. The act of part- 
ing the lips audibly, as after a pleasing taste. A 
loud kiss. Shak. [piacca, Sax.; sneckra, Icel.] A 
small ship. A blow, given with the flat of the 
hand : a vulgar word : as, a smack on the face. 
SMALL §. small. 84. a. []*mal, Sax. ; smal, Dutch.] 
Little in quantity ; not great. Isaiah, liv. Slender; 
exile; minute. Deut. ix. Little in degree. Acts, 
xix. Little in importance ; petty; minute. Genesis. 
Little in the principal quality : as, small beer ; not 
strong ; w eak. Swift. Gentle ; soft ; melodious. 1 
Kings, xix. 
SMALL, small, n.s. The small or narrow part of 

any thing. Sidney. 
To SMALL*, small, v. a. To make little or less. 

Prompt. Parv. Ob. T. 
SMA'LLAGE, small'-Idie. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
SMA'LLCOAL, small'-kole. n.s. Little wood coals 

used to light fires. Spectator. 
SMA'LLCRAFT/small'-kraft. n.s. [small and craft.] 
A little vessel below the denomination of ship. 
Dryden. 
SMA'LLISH*, smalF-lsh. a. Somewhat small. Chau- 
cer. 
SMA'LLNESS, small'-nes. n. s. Littleness; not 
greatness. Bacon. Littleness ; want of bulk ; mi- 
nuteness ; exility. Bacon. Want of strength ; weak- 
ness. Gentleness ; softness : as, the smallness of a 
woman's voice. Barret. 
SMA'LLPOX, small-poks'. 406. n. s. [small and 
pox.] An eruptive distemper of great malignity ; 
variolas. Wiseman. 
SMA'LLY, smaF-le. ad. In a little quantity; with 

minuteness; in a little or low degree. Ascham. 
SMALT, sma.lt. n. s. [smalto, ltal. ; smaelta, Su. 
Golh.] A beautiful blue substance, produced from 
two parts of zaffre being fused with three parts 
common salt, and one part potash. Hill. Blue glass. 
SMA'RAGDS*, smar'-agd. n.s. [cfxdpaySos.] The 

emerald. Bale. 
SMA RAG DINE, sma-rag'-dln. 140. a. Made of 

emerald ; resembling emerald. 
SMARTS, smart. 78. n.s. [ymeopfca, Sax. ; smert, 
Dutch ; smarta, Swed.] Quick, pungent, lively 
pain. Sidney. Pain, corporal or intellectual. 
Spenser. 
To SMART, smart, v. n. frmeojifcan, Sax.] To feel 
quick, lively pain. South. To feel pain of body or 
mind. Proverbs. 
SMART, smart, a. Pungent ; sharp ; causing smart. 
Sliakspeare. Quick ; vigorous ; active. Claren- 
don. Producing any effect with force and vigour. 
Dryden. Acute ; witty ; Tilhtson. Brisk ; viva- 
cious ; lively. Addison. 
SMART, smart, n. s. A fellow affecting briskness 

and vivacity. 
To SMA'RTEN*, smar'-tn. v. a. To make smart or 

showy. 
To SMA'RTLE*, smarMI. v.n. To smartle away, 

is to waste or melt away. Ray. 
SMA'RTLY, smartMe. ad. After a smart manner; 

sharply; briskly ; vigorously ; wittily. Clarendon. 
SMA'RTNESS, smart'-nes. n. s. The quality of be- 
ing smart ; quickness ; vigour. Boyle. Liveliness; 
briskness; witliness. Bp. Taylor. 
To SMASH*, smash, v. a. [smaccare, ltal.; schmeis- 

sen, Germ.] To break in pieces. 
To SMATCH*, smatsh. v.ji. To have a taste. Ban- 
ister. 



SMI 
















SMO 


\rr 559.- 


-Fate, 


far 


fall, 


fat;- 


-me 


m£t; 


— pine 


pin;— 



SMATCH, smatsh. n.s. [corrupted from smack. ] 

Taste; tincture; twang. Sliakspeare. A bird. 
To SMA'TTER $, smat'-tur. v. n. [smaedr, smatt, 
Ice!.] To have a slight taste ; to have a slight, su- 
perficial, and imperfect knowledge. Huloet. To 
talk superficially or ignorantly. Hudibras. 

SMA'TTER, smat'-tar. 98. n.s. Superficial or slight 
knowledge. Temple. 

SMA'TTERER, smat'-tfir-ur. n. s. One who has a 
slight or superficial knowledge. Burton. 

SMATTERING*, smat'-lor-ing. n. s. Superficial 

knowledge. Bp. Hall. 
To SMEARS, smeer. 227. v. a. [yrnepian, Sax.; 
smeeren, Teut.] To overspread with something 
viscous and adhesive; to besmear. Sliak. To 
soil ; to contaminate. Sliakspeare. 

SMEAR, smeer. n.s. Anointment; any fat liquor 
or juice. 

SME'ARY, smeer'-e. a. Dauby ; adhesive. Rowe. 

SMEATH, smekh. n. s. A sea-fowl. Rowe. 

To SMEETH, smeei/i. )v.a. h-miSSe. Sax.] To 

To SMUTCH, sm&tsh. ] smoke; to blacken with 
•moke. Ob. J. 

SME'GMATICK, smeg'-ma-rlk. a. [<r^y/*a.] Soapy; 
detersive. 

To SMELLS, smel. v. a. pret. and part, smelt, 
[smoel, Dutch, warm; because smells are increased 
by heat.] To perceive by the nose. Collier. To 
find out by mental sagacity. L' Estrange. 

To SMELL, smeL v. n. To strike the nostrils. Shak. 
To have any particular scent. Bacon. To have a 
particular tincture or smack of any quality. Shak. 
To practise the act of smellirlg. Exod. xxx. To 
exercise sagacity. Shakspeare. 

SMELL, smel. n. s. Power of smelling; the sense of 
which the nose is the organ. Davies. Scent; 
power of affecting the nose. Bacon. 

SMALLER, smel'-lur. 98. n.s. One who smells. 
One who is smelled. Beaumont and Fletcher. The 
organ of smelling. 

SME'LLFEAST, smeK-feest. n. s. [smell and feast.'] 
A parasite; one who haunts good tables. Bp. Halt. 

SMELLING*, smel'-lmg. n. s. The sense by which 
smells are perceived. 1 Cor. xii. 

SMELT, smelt. The pret. and part. pass, of smell. 
Kmg. 

SMELT, smelt, n.s. [ymelfc, Sax.] A small sea fish. 
Carew. 

To SMELTS smelt, v.n. [smalta, Icel. ; smaelta, 
smelta, Su. Goth.] To melt ore, so as to extract the 
metal. Woodward. 

SME'LTER, smelt'-flr. 98. n. s. One who melts ore. 
Woodward. 

To SMERK S, smerk. v.n. {jmepcian, Sax.] To 
smile wantonly, or pertly; to seem highly pleased; 
to seem favourable ; to fawn. Mirror Jor Magis- 
trates. 

SMERK*, or SMIRK*, smerk. n. s. (j-meepc, Sax.] 
A kind of fawning smile. Ld. Chesterfeld. 

SME'RKY, smeV-ke. 108. ) a. Nice; smart: j 

SMIRK*, smerk. X Spenser 

SME'RLIN, smer'-l/n. n.s. A fish. Ainsworth. 

To SMFCKERS*, snuV-ur. «. n. [smickra, Swed.] 
To smirk ; to look amorously or wantonly. Kersey. 

SMFCKERING*, smlk'-ur-lng. n. s. A look of am- 
orous inclination. Di-yden. 

SMFCKET, smlk'-kn. 99. n.s. [diminutive of smart, 
smocket, smicket.~] The under garment of a woman. 

SMI'DDY*, sm'ld'-de. n. s. [schimdte, Germ. ; 
y miScte, Sax.] The shop of a smith. Comment on 
Chaucer. 
To SMIGHT. For smite. Spenser. 
To SMILES, smile, v.n. [smuylen, Teut.; smila, 
Dan. and Swed.] To contract the face with pleas- 
ure ; to express kindness, love, or gladness, by the 
countenance: contrary to frown. Ecclus. xxi. To 
express slight contempt by the look. Camden. To 
look gay or joyous. Shak. To be favourable ; to 
be propitious. Milton. 
*To SMILE*, smile, v. a. To awe with a contemptu- 
ous smile. Young. 
SMILE, smile, n. s. A slight contraction of the face ; 



jaunty. 



a look of pleasure, or kindness. Shak. Gay or 

joyous appearance. Addison. 
SMI'LER*, sml'-lftr. n. s. One who smiles. Young. 
SMFLINGLY, sml'-fing-le. ad. With a look of 

pleasure. Boyle. 
To SM1LT, smilt. v.n. [corrupted from smelt, or 

melt.] Mortimer. 
To SMIRCH, smertsh. 108. v. a. [from murk, or 

murky.] To cloud ; to dusk ; to soil. Shakspeare. 
To SMIRK, smerk. v.n. To look affectedly soft or 

kind. Young. 
SMIT, smlt. The part. pass, of smile. Tickell. 
To SMITE §, smite.?), a. pret. smote ; part. pass, smit, 

smitten, [j-mifcan, Sax. ; smijten, Dutch.] To strike ; 

to reach with a blow ; to pierce. Ps. cxxi. To 

kill ; to destroy. 2 Sain. ii. To afflict ; to chasten. 
Wake. To blast. Exodus. To affect with any 

passion. Milton. 
To SMITE, smite, v. n. To strike ; to collide. Ga- 
lium. 
SMITE*, smite, n. s. A blow : used in the midland 

counties. Farmer. 
SMITER, sml'-tfir. 98. n.s. One who smites. Isa. 

1.6. 
SMITHS, smfc/i. 467. n. s. [j-mi'5, Sax. ; schmid, 

Germ.] One who forges with his hammer ; one who 

works in metals. Sliak. He that makes or effects 

any thing. Dryden. 
To SMITH*, smith, v. a. []-mi»ian, Sax.] To beat 

into shape as a smith. Chaucer. 
SMFTHCRAFT, snuW-kraft. n.s. [j-miffcjisefc, 

Sax.] The art of a smith. Raleigh. 
SMFTHERY, smfe/i'-fir-e. n. s. The shop of a 

smith. Work performed in a smith's shop. Burke. 
SMFTHING, smW-hg. n.s. [from smith.] An art 

manual, by which an irregular lump, or several 

lumps of iron, is wrought into an intended shape. 

Moxon. 
SMFTHY, simW-e. n.s. [)-miSSe, Sax.] The shop 

of a smith. Dry den. 
SMITT, smlt. n.s. The finest of the clayey ore, made 

up into balls; they use it for marking of sheep, and 

call it smitt. Woodward. 
SMFTTEN, smH'-tn. 103. The part. pass, of smite. 

Struck ; killed ; affected with passion. Tsa. liii. 
To SMI'TTLES*, smlt'-tl. v. a. [j-mittan, Sax. ; 

smetten, Teut.] To infect. Grose. 
SMFTTLE*, smlt'-tl. ) wV-'s 

SMI'TTLISH*, mA'-tlAM* Infecl,ous - 
SMOCKS, sm6k. 71. s. [ymoc, Sax.] The under 

garment of a woman ; a shift. Sidney. Smock is 

used in a ludicrous kind of composition for any 

thing relating to women. B. Jonson. 
SMOCKFA'CED, smok'-faste. 359. a. Palefaced .; 

maidenly ; effeminate. Dryden. 
SMOCKFRO'CK*, sm&k'-frdk. n.s. [smock and 

frock.] A gaberdine. 
SMO'CKLESS*, sm&k'-les. a. Wanting a smock. 

Chaucer. 
SMOKE $, smdke. n. s. [j-moc, ymic, j-mee, Sax. ; 

smoek, Su. Goth.] The visible effluvium, or sooty 

exhalation from any thing burning. Sidney. 
To SMOKE, smoke, v. n. [j*mecan, ymican, Sax.] 

To emit a dark exhalation by heat. Gen. xv\ To 

burn ; to be kindled. Deuteronomy. To move 

with such swiftness as to kindle ; to move very fast, 

so as to raise dust like smoke. Drydev. To smell, 

or hunt out. Addison. To use tobacco. To suffer; 

to be punished. Shakspeare. 
To SMOKE, smoke, v. a. To scent by smoke; to 

medicate by smoke, or dry in smoke. Arbuthnot. 

To expel by smoke. Sir E. Sandys. To smeli 

out ; to find out. Shak. [<rn<x>%u>.] To sneer ; to 

ridicule to the face. Addison. 
To SMOKE-dry, smoke'-drl. v. a. To dry by smoke. 

Mortimer. 
SMO'KER, sm6'-kur. 98. n.s. One that dries or per- 
fumes by smoke. One that uses tobacco. 
SMO'KELESS, smike'-les. a. Having no smoke. 

Pope. 
SMOKILY*, sm6'-ke-le. ad. So as to be full of sinok* 

Shenoood. 

850 



SMU 



SNA 



— \\6, move, nor, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pdimd ;— th\n, THis. 



SMO'KY, sm6'-ke. a. Emitting- smoke ; fumid. Dry- 
rf(>;?. Having tlie appearance or nature of smoke. 
Harvey. Noisome with smoke. Shak. Dark ; ob- 
scure. Skinner. 
To SMOOR*. smodr. ) v. a. [rmopan, Sax. ; smoor- 
To SMORE*, smore. \ en, Tent.] To suffocate ; to 
smotlier. More. 

SMOOTHS, smddTH. 306, 467. a. [ r meo\ ymoe'S, 
Sax. J mwyth, Welsh.] Even on the surface ; not 
rough; level; having no asperities. Gen. xxvii. 
Evenly spread; glossy. Pope. Equal in pace; 
without starts or obstruction. Millon. Gently 
flowing. Milton. Voluble ; not harsh ; soft. Gay. 
Bland; mild ; adulatory. Milton. 

SMOOTH*, suiooth. n. s. That which is smooth. 
Gen. xxvii. 

To SMOOTH, smSoTH. v.a. [j-meSian, Sax.J To 
level ; to make even on the surface. Isaiah, xh. To 
work into a soft, uniform mass. Ray. To make easy ; 
to rid from obstructions. Pope. To make flowing ; 
to free from harshness. Milton. To palliate; to 
soften. SlioJc. To calm ; to mollify. Milton. To 
ease. Dryden. To flatter; to soften with blan- 
dishments. Shakspeare. 

To SMO'OTHEN, sixio5'-thii. v.a. [ymeSian, 
Sax.] To make even and smooth. Moxon. 

3310 OTHER*. sinOOTH'-ur. n. s. One who smooths, 
or frees from harshness. Bp. Percy. 

SMOOTHFACED, smooTH'-faste. 359. a. Mild 
looking ; having a smooth air. Sliakspeare. 

SMOOTHLY. smddTH'-le. ad. Not roughly ; even- 
ly. Guardian. With even glide. Pope. Without 
obstruction ; easily ; readily. Hooker. With soft 
and bland language. Mildlv; innocently. Shelton. 

SMOOTHNESS, sm66TH / -n§s. n. s. Evenness or 
the surface ; freedom from asperity. Dryden 
Softness or mildness on the palate. Phillips. Sweet- 
ness and softness of numbers. Temple. Blandness 
and Igentleness of speech. Shakspeare. 

SMOTE, sm6te. The pret. of smite. Millon. 

To SMOTHERS, sm&TH'-fir. 469. v.a. [j-mojian, 
Sax.] To suffocate with smoke, or by exclusion of 
the air. Sidney. To suppress. Hooker. 

To SMOTHER, smuTH'-fir. v. n. To smoke 
without vent. Bacon. To be suppressed or kept 
close. Collier. 

SMO THER,smuTH'-ur. 98. n.s. A state of suppres- 
sion. Bacon. Smoke ; thick dust. Shakspeare. 

To S3IOUCH*, smoutsh. v.a. [perhaps from smack.'] 
To salute. Stnbbes. 

SMOULDERING, smol'-d5r-)ng. \part. [ymo#an, 

SMO ULDRY, smol'-dre. 318. \ Sax.] Burning 
and smoking without vent. Spenser. 

SMUG S.smtig. a. [smucken. Teut.; pnse^an, Sax.] 
Nice; spruce; dressed with affectation of niceness, 
but without elegance. Preston. 

To SMUG, smug. v. a. To adorn ; to spruce. Chap- 
man. 

To SMUGGLES, smQg'-gl. 405. v. a. [smokkelen, 
Dutch.] To import or export goods without paying 
the customs. To manage or convey secretly. 

SMUGGLER, smfig'-gl-ur. 98. n. s. A wretch, who, 
in defiance of justice and the laws, imports or ex- 
ports goods either contraband or without payment 
of the customs. Crabbe. 

SMUGGLING* smug'-gl-lng. n. s. The offence of 
importing goods without pa} - ing the duties imposed 
by the laws of the customs and excise. Blackstone. 

SMU GEY, smiig'-le. ad. Neatly ; sprucely. Gay. 

SMUGNESS, smflg'-nSs. n. s. Spruceness ; neat- 
wst without elegance. Sherwood. 

SMU'LY*, smu'-Te. a. [perhaps a corruption of 
smoothly.'] Looking smoothly ; demure. 

SMUTS, smut. n. s. []*mic.ta, Sax. ; smette, Dutch.] 
A spot made with soot or coal. Must or blackness 
gathered on corn ; mildew. Mortimer. Obscenity. 

To SMUT, smQt. v. a. [j-mifcfcan, Sax.) To stain ; 
to mark with soot or coal. Harviar. To taint with 
mildew. Bacon. 

To SMUT, smut. v. n. To gather must. Mortimer. 

To SMUTCH, smfitsh. v. a. [from smut.] To black 
with smoke; to mark with soot or coal. Shak. 



SMUTTILY, smut'-te-le. ad. Blackly; smokily. 

Obscenely. Tatler. 
SMUTT1NESS, smflt'-te-nes. n. s. Soil from smoke. 

Temple. Obsceneness. 
SMUTTY, smut'-te. a. Black with smoke c- coal. 
Howell. Tainted with mildew. Locke. Obscene j 
not modest. Horneck. 
SNACK, sniik. n. s. A share; a part taken by com- 
pact. Dryden. A slight, hasty repast. 
SNA'CKET*, snakMt. ) n.s. See Sneck. The hasp 
SNE'CKET*, snek'-it. \ of a casement. Sher- 
wood. 
SNA'COT, snak'-fit. n.s. A fish. Ainsxoorth. 
SNA'FFLE S, snaf-fl. 405. n. s. [snavel, Dutch.] A 

bridle which crosses the nose. Sliakspeare. 
To SNA'FFLE, snaf-fl. i;. a. To bridle ; to hold in 

a bridle ; to hold ; to manage. Mir. for Mag. 
SNAGS, snag. n. s. [piaecce, Sax.; schnecken. 
Germ.] A jag, or short protuberance. Spenser. A 
tooth left by itself, or standing beyond the rest ; a 
tooth, in contempt. Prior. 
SNA'GGED, simg'-ged. 366. ? a. Full of snags ; full 
SNA GGY, snag'-ge. 383. ] of shar P protuber- 
ances ; shooting into sharp points. Spenser. Snag* 
gy is a northern word for testy, peevish, [snacken, 
Teut ] 
SNAIL S, snale. 202. n. s. h-nae£l, Sax. ; snegcl, 
Dutch.] A slimy animal which creeps on plants., 
some with shells on their backs ; the emblem of 
slowness. Shak. A name given to a drone from 
the slow motion of a snail. Sliakspeare. 
SNAIL-CLAVER, snale'-klav-ur. )n.s. An herb. 
SNAIL-TREFOIL, snale'-tre-foll. S Ainsworth. 
SNAIL-LDXE* snaleMlke. a. In a way resembling 

the slowness of a snail. B. Jonson. 
SNAKES, snake, n. s. [j-naca, Sax. ; snake, Dutch.] 
A serpent of the oviparous kind, distinguished from 
a viper. The snake's bite is harmless. Snake, in 
poetry, is a general name for a serpent. Shak. 
SNA'KEROOT^nake'-root. n. s. A species of birth- 

wort growing in Virginia and Carolina. 
SNA'KESHEAD Iris, snaks'-hed-l'-rls. n.s. A plant 

Miller. 
SNAKEWEED, or Bistort, snake'-weod- n. s. [bis< 

torta, Lat.] A plant. 
SNA'KEWOOD, snake'-w&d. n. s. Smaller branch^ 
es of the root of a tall, straight tree, growing in the 
island of Timor, and other parts of the East. Hill 
SNA'KY, sna'-k^. a. Serpentine; belonging to a 
snake ; resembling a snake. Spenser. Having ser- 
pents. B. Jonson. 
To SNAP S, snap. v.a. [the same with knap.] T« 
break at once; to break short. Bramluxll. To 
strike with a knacking noise, or sharp sound. Pope. 
To bite. Wiseman. To catch suddenly and unex- 
pectedly. Wotlon. [sneipa, Ice!.] To treat witb 
sharp language. Hudibras. 
To SNAP, snap. v. n. To break short; to fall asun- 
der ; to break without bending. Donne. To make 
an effort to bile with eagerness. Sliak. To express 
sharp language. Bp. Prideaux. 
SNAP, snap. n. s. The act of breaking with a quick 
motion. A greedy fellow. L' Estrange. A quick, 
eager bite. Careiv. A catch; a theft. 
SNA'PDRAGON, or Calf's Snout, snap'-drug-un, 
7i. s. A plant. A kind of play, in which brandy Is set 
on fire, and raisins thrown into it, which those who 
are unused to the sport are afraid to take out; but 
which may be safely snatched by a quick motion, 
and put blazing into the mouth, which being closed, 
the fire is at once extinguished. Tatter. The thing 
eaten at snap-dragon. Swift. 
SNATHANCE*, snap'-hanse. n. s. [schnaplmn, 

Germ.] A kind of firelock. Shelton. Ob. T. 
SNATPER, snap'-pflr. 98. n.s. One who snaps. 

Shakspeare. 
SNA'PPISH, snV-pfsh. a. Eager to bile. Swift. 
Peevish; 6harp in reply. Henry, Earl ofClaren-, 
don's Diarv. 
SNA'PPISHLY, snap'-pfsh-le. ad. Peevishly; tartly. 
SNATPISHNESS. snap'-pish-nes, n. s. Peevislj* 
ness; tartness. Wakefield. 
851 



SNE 



SNO 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



SNA'PSACK, snap'-sak. n. s. [snappsack, Swed.] 
A soldier's bag : more usually knapsack. South. 

To SNAR*, snar. v. n. [snarren, Teut.] To snarl. 
Spenser. 

SNARE §, snare. ?j. 5. [snara, Swed. and Icel. ; snare, t 
Dan.] Any thing set to catch an animal ; a gin ; a 
net; a noose. Milton. Any thing by which one is 
entrapped or entangled. 1 Cor. vii. 

To SNARE, snare, v. a. To entrap ; to entangle ; to 
catch in a noose. Psalm ix. 

SNA'RER*, snare'-ur. n. s. One who lays snares. 
Crabbe. 

To SNARL §, snarl, v. n. [snarren, Teut.] To growl 
as an angry animal; to gnarl. Slvak. To speak 
roughly ; to talk in rude terms. Dryden. 

To SNARL, snarl, v. a. To entangle ; to embar- 
rass ; to twist. Abp. Crammer. 

SNA'RLER, snar'-lur. 98. n. s. One who snarls ; a 
growling, surly, quarrelsome, insulting fellow. 
Swift. 

SNA'RY, sna'-re. a. Entangling ; insidious. Dryden. 

SNAST, snast. n.s. The snuff of a candle. Bacon. 

To SNATCH §, snatsh. v. a. [snacken, Teut.] To 
seize any thing hastily. Hooker. To transport or 
carry suddenly. Clarendon. 

To SNATCH, snatsh. v. n. To bite, or catch eagerly 
at something. Shakspeare. 

SNATCH, snatsh. n.s. A hasty catch. A short fit 
of vigorous action. Tusser. A small part of any 
thing; a broken part. Shale. A broken or inter- 
rupted action; a short fit. Wilkins. A quip; a 
shuffling answer. Shakspeare. 

SNATCHER, snatsh'-ur. 98. n.s. One who snatch- 
es, or takes any thing in haste. Shakspeare. 

SNA TCHINGLY, snatsh'-lng-le. 410. ad. Hastily ; 
with interruption. 

To SNATHE §*, snarae. v. a. [ r niSan, Sax.] To 
prune ; to lop. 

SN A'TTOCK*, snat'-tuk. n. s. A chip ; a slice ; a 
cutting. Gayton. 

'To SNEAK$, sneke. 227. v. n. [jmican, Sax. \snig- 
er, Dan.] To creep slyly; to come or go' as if 
afraid to be seen. Shak. To behave with mean- 
ness and servility; to crouch ; to truckle. -South. 
To SNEAK*, sneke. v. a. To hide; to conceal. 

mute. 

SNEAK*, sneke. n. s. A sneaking fellow. 
SNEAK-CUP*. See Sneakup. 
SNE'AKER, sne'-kur. 98. ji.s. A small vessel of 
drink. A sneaker of punch is a term still used in 
several places for a small bowl. 
SNE'AKING, sne'-kmg. part. a. Servile ; mean ; 
low. Roive. Covetous; niggardly; meanly par- 
simonious. 
SNE'AKINGLY, sne'-klng-te.410. ad. Meanly ; ser- 
vilely. Herbert. In a covetous manner. 
SNE'AKINGNESS, sne'-klng-nes. n. s. Niggardli- 
ness. Meanness; pitifulness. Boyle. 
SNE'AKSBY^sneeks'-be. n. s. A paltry fellow; 

a cowardly, sneaking fellow. Barrow. 
SNE'AKUP, sne'-kup. n. s. A cowardly, creeping, 

insidious scoundrel. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To SNEAP §. snepe. 227. v. a. [sneipa, Icel.] To 
reprimand ; to check. More. To nip. Shakspeare. 
SNEAP, snepe. n.s. A reprimand; a check. Sfmk- 

speare. 
To SNEB, sneb. v. a. See To Sneap. To check 

to chide ; to reprimand. Spenser. 
SNECK*, snek. n.s. The latch or bolt of a door. 
To SNED*. See To Snathe. 
SNEED*, snede. n. s. [pnaeb, Sax.] The handle 

of a si the. Evelyn. 
To SNEER §,snere. 246. v.n. [apparently of the 
same family with snore and sjiort.] To show con- 
tempt by looks. To insinuate contempt by covert 
expressions. Pope. To utter with grimace. Con- 
grzve. To show awkward mirth. Taller. 
SNEER, snere, n. s. A look of contemptuous ridi- 
cule. Pope, An expression of ludicrous scorn. 
Watts. 
SNE'ERER^neer'-ur. n. s. One that sneers or shows 
contempt Warburton. 



SNE'ERFUL*, sneef -ful. a. Given to sneering : a 

bad word. Shenstone. 
SNE ERINGLY*, snere'-lng-le. ad. With a look ot 

with expression of ludicrous scorn. 
To SNEEZES, sneeze. 246. v.n. [nie r an. Sax.; 
niesen, Dut.] To emit wind audibly by the nose. 
Bacon. 
SNEEZE, sneeze, n.s. Emission of wind audibly by 

the nose. Milton. 
SNE'EZING*, sneez'-lng. n. s. Act of sneezing; 
» sternutation. Medicine to promote sneezing, Bur- 
ton. 
SNEEZEWORT, sneez'-wurt. n. s. A plant. 
SNELL*, snel. a. [rnel, Sax.] Nimble; active; 

lively. Lye. Ob. T. 
SNET, snet. n. s. The fat of a deer. Diet. 
SNEW, snu. The old pret. of To snow. Chaucer. 
To SNIB, snlb. v. a. [snyfba, Su. Goth. See To 
Sneap.] To check ; to nip ; to reprimand. Chaucer. 
SNICK*, snlk. n.s. A small cut or mark. A latch. 
SNICK and Snee, snlk'-and-snee'. n. s. [snee, Dut.] 

A combat with knives. Wiseman. 
To SNFCKER, sn'ik'-ur. ; v. n. [another form of 
To SNPGGER, snlg'-gfir. $ sneer.] To laugh sly- 
ly, wantonly, or contemptuously ; to laugh in one's 
sleeve. Diet. 
To SNIFF $, snlf. v. n. [snyfsta, Su. Goth. See To 
Snuff.] To draw breath audibly up the nose 
Swift. 
To SNIFF*, snff. v. a. To draw n with the breath. 
SNIFF*, snlf. n. s. Perception by the nose. Wurton. 
To SNIFT*, siifft. v. n. To snort: " to snift in con- 
tempt." Johnson. 
SNIFT*, snfft. n. s. A moment. 
SNIG §*, snlg. n. s. A kind of eel. Grose. 
To SNFGGLE, snlg'-gl. v.n. To fish for eels. Wal- 
ton. 
To SNFGGLE*, snlg'-gl. v. a. To catch; to snare. 

Beaumont and Fktchcr. 
To SNIPS, snip. v.a. [snippen, Teut.] To cut at 

once with scissors. Beaumont and Flctclier. 
SNIP, snip. n.s. A single cut with scissors. Shak. 
A small shred. Wiseman. A share; a snack. 
L 1 Estrange. 
SNIPE, snipe, n. s. [schneppe, Germ. ; snip, Dutch.] 
A small fen fowl with a long bill. Floyer. A fool ; 
a blockhead. SJiakspeare. 
SNFPPER, snlp'-pur. 98. n. s. One that snips. 
SNTPPET, snlp'-plt. 99. n. s. A small part; a share. 

Hudibras. 
SNFPSNAP, snlp'-snap. 11. s. [a cant word formed 
by reduplication of snap.] Tart dialogue; with 
quick replies. Pope. 
SNITE, snlte. n.s. [jnita, Sax.] A snipe. Carew. 
To SNITE, snlte. v. a. [rnyfcan, Sax.; snuylen, 
Teut.] To blow the nose : in Scotland, " suite the 
candle, snuff it." Grew. 
SNITHE*, or SNFTHY*. a. frniSan, Sax.] Sharp ; 

piercing; cutting : applied to the wind. 
SNFVEL §, sinV-vl. 102. n. s. [j-nyplm^, ^nopel, 

Sax.] Snot; the running of the nose. 
To SNFVEL, snlv'-vl. v. n. To run at the nose. 

To cry as children. L 'Estrange. 
SNFVELLER, snlv'-vl-ur. 98. n.s. A weeper; a 

weak lamenter. Swift. 
SNFVELLY*, snlv'-vl-le. a. Running at the nose. 

Pitiful ; whining. 

SNOD*, snod. n. s. [ynob, Sax.] A fillet ; a riband. 

SNOD*, sn&d. a. [perhaps from j-niban, Sax.] 

Trimmed; smooth : applied, in some parts of the 

north, both to persons and to grass; in the former 

meaning well dressed, in the latter even. It is also 

pronounced snog. See Snug. 

To SNOOK*, sn66k. v. n. [snoka, Swed.] To lurk; 

to lie in ambush. Scott. 
To SNORE §, sn6re. v. n. [snorcken, Teut. ; scfavxi 
chen,Germ.] To breathe hard through the nose, as 
men in sleep. B. Jonson. 
SNORE, snore, n. s. [rnop.a, Sax.] Audible respira 

tion of sleepers through the nose. Shakspeare. 
SNO'RER, sn6re'-ftr. n. s. One who snores. Prompt 
Parv. 



SNU 



SOB 



-no, move, ndr, n6t ;— to.be, tub, b&lh — 6?! ;— p6und ;— tli'm, THis. 



To SNURT$. sn6rt. v. n. [snorcken, Teut.] To 
breathe hard through ihe nose, as men in sleep. 
Burton. To blow through the nose, as a high-met- 
tled horse. Addison. 

To SNORT* snort, v. a. To turn up in anger, scorn, 
or derision : applied to the nose. Chancer. 

SNORTER*, sndrt'-ur. n.s. A snorer; one wlio 
snorts. Sherwood. 

SNORTING*, siidrt'-ing. n.s. Act of snoring. Act 
of blowing through the nose, as a high-mettled 
horse. Jer. viii. 

SNOT $, snot. n. s. [pnote, Sax. ; snot, Teut.] The 
mucus of the nose. Swift. 

To SNOT*, snot. v. n. [pnyfcan, Sax.] To snite or 
blow the nose. Swift. 

To SNOTTER*, sn&t'-tur. v. n. To snivel; to sob 
or cry. Grose. 

SNOTTY, sndt'-te. a. Full of snot. Arbuthnot. 

SNOUT §, sn&ftt. 313. n.s. [snutjt, Teut.; pnute, 
Sax.] The nose of a beast. Ti/sser. The nose of 
a man in contempt. Hudibras. The nosle or end 
of any hollow pipe. 

To SNOUT*, sn6iit. v. a. To furnish with a nosle, 
or point. Camden. 

SNO'UTED, snd&t'-ed. a. Having a snout. Heylin. 

SNO'UTY*, sno&t'-e. a. Resembling a beast's snout. 
Otic ay. 

SNOWS, sn6. 324. n. s. [snaiws, M. Goth. ; sneeuw, 
Teut. ; pnap, Sax.] The small particles of water 
frozen before they unite into drops. Job, xxiv. A 
ship with two masts : generally the largest of all two- 
masted vessels employed by Europeans, and the 
most convenient for navigation. Falconer. 

To SNOW, sn6. v. n. [pnapan, Sax.; sneeuwen, 
Dutch.] To fall in snow. Brown. 

To SNOW, sn6. v. a. To scatter like snow. Donne. 

SNO' WBALL, sni'-ball. n. s. A round lump of con- 
gested snow. Locke. 

SNO'WBROTH, sn6'-br&«A. n.s. Very cold liquor. 
Shakspeare. 

SNOWCROWNED*, sn6'-krS&nd. a. Having the 
top covered with snow. Drayton. 

SNO'WDEEP, sno'-deep. n. s. An herb. 

SNOWDROP, sn6'-drop. n.s. An early flower. 

SNO\VLIKE*, sn6'-llke. a. [pnap-hc, Sax.] Re- 
sembling snow. 

SNOW-WHITE, sno'-hwhe. a. [pnap-hpite, Sax.] 
White as snow. Cliaucer. 

SNO'WY, sn6'-e. a. White like snow. Shakspeare. 
Abounding with snow. 1 Chron. xi. Pure ; white ; 
unblemished. /. Hall. 

SNUB, snub. n.s. [snebbe, Dutch.] A jag; a snag; 
a knot in wood. Spenser. 

To SNUB $, snub. v.a. [snubba, Swed.] To check ; 
to reprimand. Taller. To nip. Ray. 

To SNUB, sn&b. v.n. [schnauben, Germ.] To sob 
with convulsion. 

SNU'BNOSED*, snub'-n6z'd. a. Having a flat or 
short nose. 

To SNUDGES, snfidie. v. n. [sniger, Danish ; pni- 
can, Sax.] To lie idle, close, or snug. Herbert. 

SNUDGE*, sn&dje. n.s. A miser ; a curmudgeon; 
a niggardlv or sneaking fellow. 

SNUFFS, snuf. n. s. [snuffen, Teut.] Smell. Hmoell. 
The useless excrescence of a candle. Shak. A can- 
dle almost burnt out. Shak. The fired wick of a 
candle remaining after the flame. Addison, [pnop- 
pa, Sax.] Resentment expressed by snifting ; 
perverse resentment. Shak. Powdered tobacco 
taken by the nose. Pope. 
To SNUFF, snuf. v. a. [snuf en, Teut.] To draw in 
with the breath. Bacon. To scent. Dry den.. To 
crop the candle. Sluikspeare. 
To SNUFF, snuf. v. n. To snort; to draw breath by 

the nose. Dryden. To snift in contempt. Mai. ii. 
SNU'FFBOX, sn&P-boks. n. s. The box in which 

snuff is carried. Swift 
SNU'FFER, snuP-ffir. n. s. One that snuffs. 
SNU'FFERS, snuP-furz. n. s. The instrument with 

which the candle is clipped. Swift. 
To SNUFFLE S, snuF-fJ. 405. v. n. [snufelen, Teut.] 



To speak through the nose ; to breathe hard 
through the nose. Sidney. 
SNUFFLER, sn&P-fl-ur. n. s. One that speaks 

through the nose. 
SNU'FFTAKER^snfiP-ta-kfir. n.s. One who takes 

snuff. Taller. 
SNUF'FY*, sn&P-e. a. Grimmed with snuff. 
To SNUG §, snug. v. n. [sniger, Dan. See T<r 

Snudgf..] To he close ; to snudge. Sidney. 
SNUG, sn&g. a. Close ; free from any inconveni- 
ence, yet not splendid. Prior. Close; out of no- 
tice. Swift. Slylv or insidiously close. Dryden. 
To SNU'GGLE/snfig'-gl. 405. v. n. To lie close; to 

lie warm. 
SNU'GLY*, snug'-le.ad. Safely; closely. Bullokar 
SNU'GNESS*, sn&g'-nes. n. s. Retircdness. Warton. 
SO S, so. ad. [ppa, Sax. ; soo, Dutch ; so, Germ.] In 
like manner. It answers to as, either preceding or 
following. Milton. To such a degree. Judges, v. 
In such a manner . Suckling. It is regularly an- 
swered by as or that, but they are sometimes omit- 
ted. Milton. In the same manner. Milton. Thus; 
in this manner. Dryden. Therefore ; for this rea- 
son ; in consequence of this. Spenser. On these 
terms; noting a conditional petition : answered by 
as. Dryden. Provided that ; on condition that. 
Milton. In like manner; noting concession of one 
proposition and assumption of another, answering to 
as. Swift. So sometimes returns the sense of a 
word or sentence going before, and is used to avoid 
repetition : as, The two brothers were valiant, but 
the eldest was more so. Cowley. Thus it is; this is 
the state. Dryden. At this point; at this time. 
Shak. It notes a kind of abrupt beginning. Well. 
B. Jonson. It sometimes is little more than an ex- 
pletive, though it implies some latent or surd com- 
parison. Arbuthnot. A word of assumption ; thus 
be it. Sliafc. A form of petition. Shak. — So forth. 
Denoting more of the like kind. Sliak. So much 
as. However much. Pope. So so. An exclama- 
tion after something done or known. ShaK. So so 
Indifferently ; not much amiss nor well. Shak. So 
then. Thus then it is that ; therefore. Bacon. 
To SOAKS, soke. v. a. [pocian, Sax.] To mace- 
rate in any moisture ; to steep ; to keep wet til! 
moisture is imbibed ; to drench. Isa. xxxiv. To 
draw in through the pores. Dryden. To drain ; to 
exhaust. Bacon. 
To SOAK, soke. v. n. To lie steeped in moisture. 
Sliak. To enter by degrees into pores. Bacon. 
To drink gluttonously and intemperately. Locke. 
SO'AKER, s<V-kfir. n. s. One that macerates in any 

moisture. A great drinker. South. 
SOAL*. See Sole. 

SOAPS, s6pe. 295. n. s. [pape, Sax.; sapo, Lat.] A 
substance used in washing, made of a lixivium of 
vegetable alkaline ashes, and any unctuous sub- 
stance. Arbuthnot. 
SO APBOILER, sc-pe'-bSft-ur. n. s. [soap and boil.} 

One whose trade is to make soap. Addison. 
SO'APWORT, sope'-wfirt. n.s. A species of cam- 
pion. 
SO'APY*, s6'-pe. a. Resembling soap ; having the 

qualitv of soap. Bp. Berkeley. 
To SOAR S, sore. 295. v.n. [sorare, Ital.] To fly 
aloft ; to lower ; to mount ; properly, to fly without, 
any visible action of the wings. Slmk. To mount 
intellectually ; to tower with the mind. Shak. To 
rise high. Milton. 
SOAR. sire. n. s. Towering flight. Milton. 
SOAR*. See Sore. 
SO' A RING*, sore'-ing. ?i. s. The act of mounting 

aloft. The act of elevating the mind. Parr. 
To SOBS, sob. v. n. [peopian, Sax.] To heave au- 
dibly with convulsive sorrow ; to sigh with convul- 
sion. Slvakspeare. 
SOB, sob. n. s. A convulsive sigh; a convulsive act 

of respiration obstructed by sorrow. Dryden. 
To SO 3, sob. v. a. To soak. Mortimer. A cant word. 
SO'BBING*, s&b'-blng. n. s. Act of lamenting. 

Drummond. 
SOBER $, so'-bftr. 98. a. [sobrius, Lat. ; sobre, Fr.] x 



soc 














SOF 


ID" 559.- 


-Fate 


far, 


flu, 


fat; 


— me, m£t ;- 


-pine 


p?nj— 



Temperate, particularly in liquors ; not drunken. 
Common Prayer. Not overpowered by drink. 
Hooker. Not mad 3 right in the understanding-. 
Dry den. Regular; calm; free from inordinate 
passion. Sliak. Serious 5 solemn ; grave. Shak. 
To SOBER, soMxIr. v. a. To make sober 3 to cure 

of intoxication. Pope. . 
SO'BERLY, so'-bfir-le. ad. Without intemperance. 
Without madness. Temperately 3 moderately. Ba- 
con. Coolly; calmly. Locke. 
SQBERMPNDEDNESS*, so-bur-mlnd^d-n^s. n.s. 
Calmness 3 regularity; freedom from inordinate 
passion. Bp. Portevs. 
SO'BERNESS, so'-our-nes. n.s. Temperance, es- 
pecially in drink. Common Prayer. Calmness j 
freedom from enthusiasm 3 coolness. Acts, xxvi. 
SOBRPETY, sd-bri'-e-te. n.s. [sobriete 1 , Fr.] Tem- 
perance in drink; soberness. Bp. Taylor. Present 
freedom from the power of strong liquor. General 
temperance. Hooker. Freedom from inordinate 
passion. Rogers. Calmness ; coolness. Bp. Tay- 
lor. Seriousness ; gravity. \Vaterland. 
SOC§*, sok. n.s. [\'oc, Sax.] Jurisdiction; circuit, 
or place, where a lord has the power or liberty of 
holding a court of his tenants, and administering 
justice. Blount. Liberty or privilege of tenants 
excused from customary burthens. Cowel. An ex- 
clusive privilege claimed by millers of grinding all 
the corn which is used within the manor, or town- 
ship, wherein their mill stands. Grose. 
SO'CCAGE, sok'-kadje. 90. n. s. [soc, Fr. ; soccagi- 
uni, barbarous Lat.] A tenure of lands for certain 
inferiour or husbandry services to be performed to 
the lord of the fee. All services due for land being 
knight's service, or soccage ; so that whatever is not 
knight's service is soccage. Cowel. 
SO'CCAGER, sok'-ka-jur. n. s. A tenant by soc- 
cage. 
SOCIABILITY* s6-she-a-b?]'-e-te. n.s. Sociable- 

ness. Warburton. 
SOCIABLE §, so'-she-a-bl. 405. a. [sociable, Fr. ; 
sociabilis, Lat.] Fit to be conjoined. Hooker. Rea- 
dy to unite in a general interest. Addison. Friend- 
ly; familiar; conversable. Milton. Inclined to com- 
pany. Wotton. 
SOCIABLE*, s6'-she-a-bl. n.s. A kind of less ex- 
alted phaeton, with two seats facing each other, and 
a box for the driver. Mason. 
SO'CIABLENESS, s6'-she-a-bl-nes. n.s. Inclination 
to company and converse. Donne. Freedom of 
conversation ; good fellowship. Hayward. 
SOCIABLY, s6'-she-a-ble. ad. Conversably; as a 

companion. Milton. 
SOCIAL §, s6'-shal. 357. a. [socialis, Lat.] Relating 
to a general or publick interest ; relating to society. 
JLocke. Easy to mix in friendly gayety ; compan- 
ionable. Pope. Consisting in union or converse 
with another. Milton. 
SOCIALITY*, si-she-al'-e-te. n. s. Socialness. 

Sterne. 
SOCIALLY*, s6 / -shal-le. ad. In a social way. 
SO'CIALNESS, s6'-shal-nes. n.s. The quality of be- 
ing social. 
SOCFETY, s6-si / -e-te. 460. n. s. [societe, Fr. ; socie- 
tas, Lat.] Union of many in one general interest. 
Leslie. Numbers united in one interest ; commu- 
nity. Tillotson. Company ; converse. Shak. Part- 
nership; union on equal terms. Milton. 
SOCI'NIAN*, so-sln'-e-an. n.s. One who follows the 
opinions of Socinns, who denied the proper divini- 
ty and atonement of Christ. South. 
SOCI'NIAN*, s6-s?n'-e-an. a. Of or belonging to So- 

cinianism. Hurd. 
SOCFNIANISM*, so-sln'-e-an-lzm. n.s. The tenets 
first propagated by Socinus, in the sixteenth cen- 
tury. Bp. Hall. 
SOCK §, sok. n. s. [soccus, Lat. ; j*oec, Sax. 3 socke, 
Teut.] Something put between the foot and shoe. 
Bacon. The shoe of the ancient comick actors, 
taken in poems for comedy, and opposed to buskin 
or tragedy. Miltcn. A plough-share ; or plough- 
sock. 



SOCKET, s&k'-kft. 99. n. s. [soucheUe, Fr.] Any 
hollow pipe ; generally the hollow of a candlestick, 
Spenser. The receptacle of the eve. Dry den. 
Any hollow that receives something inserted. Ba- 
con. 
SO'CKETCHISEL, sok -ft-tshiz-el. n.s. A stronger 

sort of chisels. Moxon. 
SOCLE, s6'-kl. 405. n. s. A flat square member, 
under the bases of pedestals of statues and vases : 
it serves as a foot or stand. Bailey. 
SOCKLESS*. sok'-les. a. Wanting socks or shoes. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 

SO'CMAN, sok'-man. ) n. s. [yocarman, Sax.] 

SO'CCAGER, sok'-ka-j5r. $ A sort of tenant that 

holds lands and tenements by soccage tenure. 

Cowel. 

SOCMANRY r *, sok'-man-re. n. s. [sokemanria, low 

LatJ Free tenure by soccage. Cowel. 
SO'COME, s6k'-um. n. s. A custom of tenants to 

grind corn at their lord's mill. Cowel. 
SOCRA'TICAL*, s6-krat'-e-kal. ) a. After the man- 
SOCRA'TICK*, s6-krat'-ik. $ ner or doctrine 

of the philosopher Soc7-ates. Sir J. Harrington. 
SOCRA'TICALLY*, so-krat'-e-kal-le. ad. With 

the Socratical mode of disputation. Goodman. 
SO'CRATISM*, sok'-ra-tlzm. n. s. The philosophy 

of Socrates. 
SO'CRATIST*, sok'-ra-tfst. n. s. A disciple of Soc- 
rates. Blartin. 
SOD §, sod. n. s. [soed, Dutch.] A turf j a clod. Swift. 
SOD*, sod. a. Made of turf. Cunningham. 
SOD, sod. The pret. of seethe. Gen.xxv. The par- 
ticiple passive. Burton. 
SO'DA*, so'-da. n. s. A fixed alkali ; sometimes found 
native, but most general^' obtained by burning 
maritime plants. 
SODA Water*, s6'-da-wa'-lur. A medicated drink, 
prepared by dissolving salt of soda in certain pro- 
portions of water. 
SODA'LITY, s6-dal'-e-te. n. s. [sodality old Fr.] 

A fellowship; a fraternity. Parth. Sacra. 
SO'DDEN, sod'-d'n. 105. [from seethe.] Boiled. La- 
ment, iv. Seethed. Shakspeare. 
SO'DDY*, sod'-de. a. Turfy j full of sods. Cotgrave. 
To SO'DER §, sod'-dur. 98. v. a. [souder, Fr. ; gen- 
erally written solder, from soldare, Ital. 3 solidare, 
Lat.] To cement with some melallick matter. Isa. 
xli. See Solder. 
SO'DER, s&d'-dur. n. s. Metallick cement. Collier: 
SOE, so. n. s. [written also so and soa ; sae, Scottish 3 
saa, Su. Goth. ; seau, old Fr.] A large wooden ves- 
sel with hoops for holding water; a cowl. More. 
SOE'VER, s6-eV-ur. 98. ad. A word properly joined 
with a pronoun or adverb : as, whosoever, whatso- 
ever, howsoever. Temple. 
SO'FA, s6'-fl\. 92. n. s. [probably an eastei-n word.] 

A splendid seat covered with carpets. Guardian. 
SOFT $, soft. 163. a. [j-opfc, Sax. 3 safl, Teut.] Not 
hard. Locke. Not rugged 3 not rough. St. Matt. 
Ductile; not unchangeable of form. Milton. Fa- 
cile; flexible; not resolute; yielding. K. Charles. 
Tender; timorous. Shak. Mild; gentle j kind ; not 
severe. Shak. Meek 3 civil ; complaisant. Shak. 
Placid; still; easy. Milton. Effeminate; viciously 
nice. Davizs. Delicate ; elegantly tender. Milton. 
Weak ; simple. Burton. Gentle ; not loud ; not 
rough. Milton. Smooth; flowing 3 not vehement ; 
not rapid. Milton. Not forcible ; not violent. Mil- 
ton. Mild ; not glaring. Brown. 

9^= When this word is accompanied by emotion, it is 
sometimes lengthened into sawft, as Mr. Sheridan hat? 
marked it; but in other cases such a pronunciation bor- 
ders on vulgarity. W. 

SOFT* soft. ad. Softly; gently ; quietly. Spenser. 

SOFT, s6ft. interf . Hold ; stop; not so fast. Shak. 

To SOFTEN, sof-f'n. 472. v. a. To make soft 3 to- 
make less hard. Bacon. To intenerate 3 to make 
less fierce or obstinate 3 to mollify. Milton. To 
make easy; to compose ; to make placid ; to miti- 
gate 3 to palliate 3 to alleviate. Pope. To make 
less harsh 5 less vehement; less violent. Dnjdm. 
854 



SOL 










SOL 


— nd>, mflve 


n6r, nftt ; 


— tibe 


tab, bfill ;—611; 


— pdind 


— th'm, this. 



To make less glaring. To make tender; to ener- 
vate. 
To SO FTEN, s6f -fa. 103. v. n. To grow less hard. 
Bacon. To grow less obdurate, cruel, or obstinate. 
Skakspeare. 

SOFTENER*. See Softxer. 

.SOFTENING*, sof-fn-lng. n. s. The act of mak- 
ing: less hard, less vehement, or less violent. Abp. 
Hort. 

SOFTHE'ARTED*, saft'-hart-ed. a. Kind-hearted ; 
g entle ; meek. 

SO FTLING*, soft 7 -ling. n. s. An effeminate or vi- 
ciouslv nice person. Woolton. 

SO FTLY, s6»V-le. ad. Without hardness. Not vio- 
lently} not forcibly. Bacon. Not loudly. I Kings, 
xxi. " Gently; placidly. Dryden. Mildly; tender- 
ly. Dryden. 

SOFTNER, sof-n&r. n.s. That which makes soft. 
One who palliates. Swift. 

SO'FTNESS, sdft'-nSs. n. s. [joptnyyre, Sax.] 
The quality of being soft ; quality contrary to hard- 
ness. Bacon. Mildness; kindness. Walts. Civili- 
ty ; gentleness. Holydai/. Effeminacy ; vicious 
delicacy. Bp. Taylor. Timorousness; pusillanim- 
ity. Bacon. Quality contrary to harshness. Ba- 
con. Facility ; gentleness ; candour ; easiness to be 
effected. Hooker. Contrariety to energetick vehe- 
mence. Harte. Mildness ; meekness. Milton. 
Weakness; simplicity. 

SO'GGY*, sog'-ge. a. [soggr, Icel. ; soegen, 
Welsh.] Moist ; damp ; steaming with damp. B. 
Jonson. 

SOHO'', sa-hA'. interj. A form of calling from a dis- 
tant place; sportsman's halloo. Sliakspeare. 

To SOlLy, soil. 889. v.a. frylian, Sax. j sulen, 
Germ.; souiller, Fr.] To foul; to dirt; to pollute ; 
to stain; to sully. Spenser. To dung; to manure. 
South. To soil a horse j to purge him by giving 
him grass in the spring. Sliakspeare. 

SOIL, soil, n. s. Dirt; spot; pollution; foulness. Sliak. 
[sol, Fr. ; solum, Lai.] Ground; earth, considered 
with relation to its vegetative qualities. Bacon. 
Land ; country. Sluik. Dung ; compost. Addison. 
— To take soil. To run into the water, as a deer 
when closely pursued. B. Jonson. 
SOI'LINESS, s6il'-e-nes. n.s. Stain ; foulness. Ba- 
con. 
SOI'LURE, s6fl'-yure. 113. n.s. Stain; pollution. 
Sliakspeare. 

To SO'JOURN$, sa'-jarn. 314. v.n. [sejourner, Fr.; 
seggiornare, Ital.] 1o dwell anywhere for a time; 
to live as not at home; to inhabit as not in a settled 
habitation. Sliakspeare. Almost out of use. 

£3" This verb and noun, as may be seen in Johnson, are 
variously accented by the poets; but our modern or- 
thoepists have, in general, given the accent to the first 
syllable of both words. Dr. Kenrick, Perry, Entick, and 
Buchanan, accent the second syllable: but Dr. Johnson, 
Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Nares, W.Johnston, Bailey, 
Barclay, and Fenning, the first. Mr. Scott gives both 
accents, but that on the first syllable the first place. W. 

SO'JOURN, sa'-jBrn. ». s. [sejour, Fr.] A tempo- 
rary residence ; a casual and no settled habitation. 
Skakspeare. 

SOJOURNER, sa'-jSrn-ur. n. s. A temporary 
dweller. 1 Chron. xxix. 

SOJOURNING*, sa'-jfirn-ing. n. s. The act of 
dwelling any where but for a time. Exodus, xii. 

SOL*, s6l. n. s. The name of one of the musical 
notes in sol-faing. See To Sol-fa. 

To SOL-FA*, saP-fa'. r. n. To pronounce the sever- 
al notes of a song by the terms of a gamut, ut, re, 
mi, fa, sol; and in learning to sing. A. Smith. 

T^SO'LACEy, sol'-las.91,544. v. a. [solacier, old 
Fr. \sobizzare, Ital. ; solatium, Lat.] To comfort ; to 
cheer; to amuse. Milton. 

To SO'LACE, s&l'-las. to. n. To take comfort; to 
be recreated. SlwJcspeare. Ob. J. 

SO'LACE, sai'-las. n.s. [solas, old Fr.] Comfort; 
pleasure ; alleviation ; that which gives comfort or 
pleasure; recreation; amusement. Spenser. 

SALA'CIOUS*, sa-la'-sh5s. a. [solacieux, old Fr.] 



rf 



Affording comfort, recreation, oi amusement. 
Bale. 

SOLAND-GOOSE*. See Solund-goose. 

SOLA'NDER, sa-lan'-dar. n.s. [soukmdres, Fr.] A 
disease in horses. Diet. 

SO'LAR, sa'-lar. 544. )a. [souiire, Fr.;sofora,Lat.] 

SO'LARY, sa'-lar-e. ) Being of the sun. Boyle. 
Belonging to the sun. Bacon. Born under or in 
the predominant influence of the sun. Dryden. 
Measured by the sun. Holder. 

SO'LAR*. See Sollar. 

i SOLD, said. The preterit and part. pass, of sell. 
ISOLD, said. n. s. [sould, old Fr.] Military pay j 
warlike entertainment Spenser. 

SO'LDAN, sai'-dan. n. s. [souldan, old Fr. ; from 
the Arab.] The emperour of the Turks. Milton. 

SO'LDANEL, sol'-da-nCl. n. s. [soldanelb., Lat.] A 
ant. Miller. 
'o SO'LDER$,sol'-dar. [ S ai'-d6r, Jones ; sol'-dar, 
Fulton and Knight.] v. a. [souder, Fr. ; soldare, 
Ital. ;solidare, Lat. See Soder.] To unite or fast- 
en with any kind of metallick cement. Neiclon. 
To mend ; to unite any thing broken. Hooker. 

Q&* Dr. Johnson seems to favour writing this word with- 
out the I, as it is sometimes pronounced ; but the many 
examples he has brought, where it is spelt with I, show 
sufficiently how much this orthography is established. 
It is highly probable, that omitting the sound of I, in 
this word, began with mechanicks ; and, as the word 
has been lately little used, except in mechanical opera- 
tions, this pronunciation has crept into our dictionaries, 
but ought not to be extended to the liberal and meta- 
phorical use of the word. It is derived from the Latin 
solidare, the Italian suldare, or the French souder: 
and, when other things are equal, Dr. Johnson's rule of 
deriving words rather from the French than the Latin 
is certainly a good one, but ought not to overturn a set- 
tled orthography, which has a more original language 
than the French in its favour. Though our orthoepists 
agree in leaving out the I, they differ in pronouncing 
the o. Sheridan sounds the o as in sod ; W. Johnston 
as in sober ; and Mr. Nares as the diphthong aw. Mr. 
Smith says that Mr. Walker pronounces the I in this 
word, but every workman pronounces it as rhyming 
with fodder: to which it may be answered, that work- 
men ought to take their pronunciation from scholars, 
and not scholars from workmen. — See Cleff. W. 

SO'LDER, sol'-dflr. n. s. Metallick cement. Swift. 

SO'LDERER, sol'-dur-dr. n. s. One that solders or 
mends. 

SO'LDIERy, sai'-jfir. 293, 376. n. s. [soldat, Fr.j 
soldoier, soudoyer, sodier, old Fr.] A fighting man j 
a warriour. Sluxk. It is generally used of the 
common men, as distinct I'rom the commanders. 
Spenser. 

$jT No orthoepist, except W. Johnston, leaves out the I 
in this word ; but I have frequently had occasion to dif- 
fer from this gentleman, and in this 1 do devoutly. W. 

SO'LDDZRESS*, saiMur-es. n.s. A female warri- 
our. Beaumont and Hetclier. 

SO'LDIERLIKE, stSi'-jfir-like. ) a. Martial : war- 

SO'LDIERLY, sol'-jfir-le. 404. > like ; military ; be- 
coming a soldier. Sidney. 

SO'LDIERSHIP, , sol'-jar-shlp. 404. n. s. Military 
character; martial qualities; behaviour becoming 
a soldier; martial skill. Sliakspeare. 

SO'LDIERY, S ai'-jflr-e. n. s. Body of military men j 
soldiers, collectively. Phillips. Soldiership ; mili- 
tary service. Sidney. 

SOLEy, sale. n.s. [solum, Lat.] The bottom of the 
foot. Sliak. The foot. Spenser, [solea, Lat. ; rol, 
Sax.] The bottom of the shoe. Sliak. The part 
of any thing that touches the ground. Moxon. A 
kind of sea-fish, [sometimes improperly written 
soal.] Carew. 

To SOLE. sale. v.a. To furnish with soles : as, to 
sobz a pair of shoes. Grew. 

SOLEy, sale. a. [sol, old Fr.; solus, Lat.] Single; 
only. Hooker. [In law.] Not married. Aylije. 

SO'LECISMy, sai'-e-s?zm. 503. n.s. [wWcr/^.] 
Unfitness of one word to another ; impropriety in 
language. A barbarism may be in one word, a 
solecism must be of more. Addison. Any unfitness 
or impropriety. B. Jonson. 
855 



\ST 559.- 


-Fate, far, fall, 


fat;- 


— me, 


met; 


—pine 


pin ;~ 



SOLECIST*, s&F-e-slst. n. s. [wAowtrrfc.] One 

who is guilty of impropriety in language. Blackwall. 

SOLECFSTICAL*, s&l-e-slst'-e-kal. a. Not correct; 

barbarous. Blackwall. 
SOLECFSTICALLY* s&l-e-sisf-e-kal-e. ad. In an 

incorrect way. Wollaston. 
To SOLECIZE* sol'-e-slze. v. n. [<roAoi«c/$w.] To 

be guilty of impropriety in language. More. 
SOLELY, sole'-l*. [See Wholly.] ad. Singly; on- 
ly. Sliakspeare. 
SOLEMN §, soF-em. 411. a. [solemnel, Fr. ; solemnis, 
Lat.] Anniversary; observed once a year with re- 
ligious ceremonies. Stillingfleet. Religiously grave; 
awful. Milton. Formal ; ritual ; religiously regular. 
Whole Duty of Man. Striking with seriousness ; 
sober; serious. Spenser. Grave; affectedly seri- 
ous. Swift. 
SO'LEMNESS, soF-lem-nes. )n.s. [solemnite, Fr.] 
SOLEMNITY, so-lem'-ne-te. \ Ceremony or rite 
annually performed. Nelson. Religious ceremony. 
Brown. Awful ceremony or procession. Sliak. 
Manner of acting awfully serious. Sidney. Gravi- 
ty ; steady seriousness. Addison. Awful grandeur ; 
grave stateliness ; sober dignity. Wotton. Affected 
gravity. Sliakspeare. 
SOLEMNIZATION, s6l-lem-ne-za'-shun. n.s. The 

act of solemnizing; celebration. Bacon. 
To SOLEMNIZE, s&F-lem-nlze. v. a. [solemnly, 
Fr.] To dignify by particular formalities; to cele- 
brate. Sidney. To perform religiously once a 
year. Hooker. 
SOLEMNLY, sol'-lem-le. ad. With annual religious 
ceremonies. With formal gravity and stateliness : 
with affected gravity. Bacon. With formal state 
Sliak. With religious seriousness. Swift. 
SOLENESS*, s6le'-nes. ; n. s. State of being not 
SOLESHIP*, s6le / -shlp. \ connected or implicated 

with others; single state. SirE. Bering. 
To SOLFCIT§, s6-uV-slt. [See Obedience.] v. a 
[solkito, Lat. ; soliciter, Fr.] To importune ; to en- 
treat. Sliak. To call to action ; to summon ; to 
awake; to excite. Shak. To implore; to ask. Sid 
next. To attempt ; to try to obtain. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. To disturb; to disquiet. Milton. 
SOLICITATION, so-lls-e-ta'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] Im- 
portunity; act of importuning. Milton. Invitation; 
excitement. Locke. 
SOLICITOR, sO-lisMt-ar. 166. n. s. [soliciteur, Fr.] 
One who importunes, or entreats. Martin. One 
who petitions for another. Sliak. One who does 
in chancery the business which is done by attor- 
neys in other courts. Bacon. 
SOLFCITOUS §, si-lV-slt-us. 314. a. [solicitus, Lat.] 

Anxious; careful; concerned. Bp. Taylor. 
SOLICITOUSLY, so-lls'-slt-us-le. ad. Anxiously ; 

carefully. 
SOLFCFTRESS, s6-hY-it-lres. n. s. A woman who 

petitions for another. Dryden. 
SOLICITUDE, so-lls'-se-tude. n.s. [Fr. ; soliciiudo, 

Lat.] Anxiety; carefulness. Raleigh. 
SOLID §. soi'-ld. a. [solidus, Lat. ; solide, Fr.] Not 
liquid ; not fluid. Milton. Not hollow ; full of mat- 
ter ; compact ; dense. Cowley. Having all the geo- 
metrical dimensions. Arlmthnot. Strong ; firm. 
Addisai. Sound ; not weakly. Watts. Real ; not 
empty ; true ; not fallacious. Hammond. Not light ; 
not superficial ; grave; profound. Dryden.. 
SOLID, sol'-ld. 544. n. s. The part containing the 

fluids. Arbuthnot. 
To SOLID ATE*, s&F-e-date. v. a. [solido, Lat.] 

To make firm or solid. Cowley. 
SOLFDITY, so-lld'-e-te. n. s. [solidite 1 , Fr. ; solidi- 
tas, Lat.] Fulness of matter ; not hollowness. Firm- 
ness ; hardness ; compactness ; density ; not fluidity. 
Locke. Truth ; not fallaciousness ; intellectual 
strength ; certainty. Addison. 
SOLIDLY, s&F-lld-le. ad, Firmly; densely; com- 
pactly. Truly ; on good grounds. Digby. 
SOL1DNESS, s&lMid-nes. n.s. Solidity ; firmness ; 

density. Bacon. 
SOLIDU'NGULOUS, s&l-c-d&n'-gu-l&s. a. [solidus 
and ungula, Lat.] Whole-hoofed. Brown. 



SOLIFFDIAN$, s6-le-ffd'-e-an. n.s. [solus and 
fdes, Lat.] One who supposes only faith, not works, 
necessary to justification. Hammond. 
SOLIFFDIAN*, so-le-f'Jd'-e-an. a. Professing the 

tenets of a Solifidian. Feltham. 
SOLIFFDIANISM*, s6-le-fld'-e-an-lzm. n. s. The 

tenets of Solifidians. Bp. Bull. 
To SOLILOQUIZE*, so-llF-16-kwlze. v. n. To ut- 
ter a soliloquy. 
SOLILOQUY §, sO-llF-16-kwe. n.s. [soliloque, Fr. ; 
solus and loquor, Lat.] A discourse made by one 
in solitude to himself. Prior. 
SOLIPEDE, s&F-e-pede. n. s. [solus and pedes, Lat.] 

An animal whose feet are not cloven. Brown. 
SOLITATRE, sol-le-uW. n.s. [Fr.] A recluse ; a 
hermit. Pope. An ornament for the neck. Shen- 
stone. 
SOLITA'RIAN*, s&l-le-uV-re-an. n. s. A hermit ; a 

solitary. Sir R. Twisdcn. 
SOLITARILY, sol'-le-ta-re-le. ad. In solitude; with 

loneliness; without company. Hooker. 
SOLITARINESS, s6F-le-ta-re-nes. n.s. Solitude ; 
forbearance of company; habitual retirement. Sid- 
ney. 
SOLITARY $, sdF-le-ta-re. a. [solitaire, Fr. ; solita- 
?ius, Lat J Living alone; not having company. 
Milton. Retired ; remote from company ; done or 
passed without company. Sliakspeare. Gloomy ; 
dismal. Job. Single. King diaries. 
SOLITARY, sol'-le-ta-re. n. s. One that lives 

alone ; a hermit. Pope. 
SOLITUDE. solMe-tude. n. s. [solitude, Fr. ; soli- 
tudo, Lat.] Lonely life ; state of being alone. Ba- 
con. Loneliness ; remoteness from company. Law. 
A lonely place ; a desert. Pope. 
SOLFVAGANT*,s6-l'iv'-a-gant. a. [solivagus, Lat.] 

Wandering about alone. Granger. 
SOLLAR, s6F-lar. n. s. [solarium, low Lat. ; sollier, 
old Fr.] An upper room ; a loft ; a garret. Tusser. 
SOLMISA'TION*, s6l-me-za'-sh&n. n. s. [from the 
musical terms sol mi.] A kind of sol-faing. Dr. 
Burney. 
SOLO, s6'-l6. n.s. [Ital.] A tune played by a single 
instrument ; an air sung Dy a single voice. Tatter. 
SOLOMON'S Loaf. n. s. A plant. 
SOLOMON'S Seal. n. s. A plant. 
SOLSTICE §, s6F-stls. 140. n. s. [solstice, Fr. ; sol- 
stitium, Lat.] The point beyond which the sun 
does not go ; the tropical point ; the point at which 
the day is longest in summer, or shortest in winter. 
It is taken of itself commonly for the summer sol- 
stice. Brown. 
SOLSTFTIAL, sol-stlsh'-al. a. [solsticial, Fr.] Be- 
longing to the solstice. Brown. Happening at the 
solstice, or at midsummer. Milton. 
SOLUBLE, s&F-u-bl. 405. a. [solubilis, Lat.] Capa- 
ble of dissolution or separation of parts. Arbuthnot. ' 
Producing laxity ; relaxing. 
SOLUBFLITY, sol-u-bll'-e-te. n. s. Susceptiveness 

of separation of parts. Glanmlle. 
SOLUND-GOOSE, s6-lund-g66se'. n. s. A fowl. 

Soland-goose is the usual name. Grew. 
SOLUTION, so-lu'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; sohdio, Lat.] 
Disruption ; breach ; disjunction ; separation. Ba- 
I con. Matter dissolved ;' that which contains any 
thing dissolved. Arbuthnot. Resolution of a doubt ; 
removal of an intellectual difficulty. Milton. Re- 
lease ; deliverance ; discharge. Barroio. 
SOLUTIVE, s6F-u-tfv. 157, 512. a. [solutif Fr.] 

Laxative ; causing relaxation. Bacon. 
SOLVABLE*, soF-va-bl. a. [Fr.] Possible to be 
cleared by inquiry or reason; capable of being 
paid. H. 'Tooke. 
To SOLVE §, sftlv. v. a. [solvo, Lat.] To clear ; to 

explain ; to untie an intellectual knot. Milion. 
SOLVENCY, s&F-ven-se. n.s. Ability to pay. 

Burke. 
SOLVENT^, sftF-vent. a. [solvens, Lat.] Having 
the power to cause dissolution. Boyle. Able to pay 
debts contracted. 
SOLVER*, s&F-vur. n.s. Whoever or whatever ex- 
plains or clears. 

866 



SON 



SOO 



-no, move, n6r, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6u ;— pdflnd ;—thh\, this. 



SCLVIBLE, sol'-ve-bl. 405. a. Possible to be clear- 
ed bv reason or inquiry. Hale. 

SOUA'TICALy*, so-nuU'-e-kal. >a. [crouarads.l 

SOMA'TlCKy*, s6-mm'-ik. $ Corporeal ; be- 

longing; to the body. Scott. 

SO MATIST*, so'-ma-tk. n s. j>u>/m.l One who de- 
nies all spiritual substances Glanvillc. 

SOMATOLOGY, so-ma-uV-6-je. n. s. [voipa and 
Af'yu).] The doctrine of bodies. 

SO'MBRE*, som'-bfir. ) a. [sombre, Fr.] Dark 5 

SOMBROUS*, som'-brus. \ gloomy. Grainger. 
Warburton. — Sombre should not be used. Todd. 

SOME. A termination of many adjectives, which 
denote quality or property of any thing. It is gen- 
erally joined with a substantive : as, gamesome. 
[saam, Dutch.] 

SOMEy, sum. 165. a. [pm, rum, Sax.] More or 
less, noting an indeterminate quantity. Raleigh. 
More or fewer, noting an indeterminate number. 
Genesis, xxiii. Certain persons. Daniel. Some is 
opposed to some, or to Gthers. Spetiser. It is added 
to a number, to show that the number is uncertain 
and conjectural : as, some eight leagues to the 
westward. One ; an v, without determining which. 
Milton. 

SO MEBODY, siW-b6d-e. n. s. One; not nobody ; 
a person indiscriminate and undetermined. St. 
Luke, viii. A person of consideration. Acts. 

SO MEDEAL, sfim'-deel. ad. [vumbeal, Sax.] In 
some degree. Spenser. Ob. J. 

SOMEHOW, sfim'-hSu. ad. One way or other. 
Cheyne. 

SO'MERSAULT, sfim'-mur-salt. )n. s. [sombre- 

SO'MERSET, sum'-mur-s&. $ sault, Fr. ; so- 

prasalto, Ital.] A leap by which a jumper throws 
himself from a height, and turns over his head. 
Donne. 

SOMETHING, summing. 410. n..*: [rumSm^, 
Sax.] A thing existing, though it appears not 
what ; a thing or matter indeterminate. Prior. 
More or less ; not nothing. Milton. A thing want- 
ing a fixed denomination. Harte. Part. Watts. 
Distance not great. Slmkspeare. 

SO'METHING, sum'-tfilng. ad. In some degree. 
Temple. b 

SO'METIME, sum'-tlme. ad. Once 3 formerly. Shak. 
At one time or other hereafter. 

SOMETIMES, sum'-tlmz. ad. Not never ; now and 
then ; at one time or other. Bp. Taylor. At one 
time : opposed to sometimes, or to another time. Ba- 
con. 

SOMEWHAT, sum'-hw&t. 475. n. s. Something ; 
not nothing, though it be uncertain what. Dryden. 
More or less. Hooker. Part, greater or less. Dry- 
den. 

SO'MEWHAT, sum'-hwot. ad. In some degree. 
Chapman. 

SOMEWHERE, sfim'-hware. ad. In one place or 
other •, not nowhere. Denlmm. 

SO / MEWHILE,sum / -hwlle.atf. [rom-hpyle, Sax.] 
Once ; for a time. Spenser. Ob. J. 

SOMNA'MBULIST*, som-iiam'-bu-llst. n. s. [som- 
nns and ambulo, Lat.] One who walks in his sleep. 
Bp. Porteus. 

SO'MNER*, siW-nur. n. s. One who cites or sum- 
mons. Const, and Canons Eccles. See Summon- 
er. 

SOMNIFEROUS, s&m-nif-fer-fis. a. [somnifere, 
Fr. ; somnifer, Lat.] Causing sleep ; procuring 
sleep 5 soporiferous ; dormitive. Burton. 

SOMNPFICK, som-nlf-ffk. 509. a. [somnus and fa- 
cto, Lat.] Causing sleep. 

SOMNOLENCE^*, s&m'-n6-lense. )n. s. [somno- 

SO'MNOLENCYy, s6m / -n6-lgn-s^. S lentux, hat.] 
Sleepiness ; inclination to sleep. Gower. 

SO'MNOLENT^som'-no-lent. a. [somnolenius, Lat.] 
Sleepy ; drowsy. Bullokar. 

SON £, sun. 165. n. s. [juna, Sax.; sohn, Germ.; 
son, Swedish ; sone, Dutch.] A male born of one 
or begotten by one ; correlative to father or mother. 
Shak. Descendant, however distant : as, the sons 
of Adam. Is. xix. Compellation of an old to a 
108 



young man, or of a confessor to his penitent. Slmk. 
Native of a country. Pope. The second person of 
the Trinity. St. Matt, xxvii. Product of any thing. 
Brown. [In Scripture.] Sons of pride, and sons of 
light, denoting some quality. Milton. 

SON-IN-LAW, s<W -in-law. n. s. One married 10 
one's daughter. Slmkspeare. 

SON A 1 T A, s6-na/-ta. n. s. [Ital J A tune. Addison. 

SONGS, s&ng. 408, 409. n. s. [ron*, Sax.] Any 
thing modulated in the utterance. Milton. A po- 
em to be modulated by the voice ; a ballad. Sliak. 
A poem ; lay ; strain. Dryden. Poetry ; poesy. 
Milton. Notes of birds. Dryden.— -An old song. A 
trifle. More. 

SO'NGISH, song'-ish. a. Containing songs ; consist- 



ing of songs. Dryden 
SO'NGSTER, song' 



stur. 98. n. s. A singer. How- 
ell. 

SO'NGSTRESS, s6ng'-stres. n. s. A female singer. 
Thomson. 

SONPFEROUS, s6-nif-f§r-us. a. [sonus and few, 
Lat.] Giving or bringing sound. Derlmm. 

SO'NNET y, sdn'-ngl. 99. n. s. [sonnet, Fr.; sonneilo, 
Ital.] A short poem consisting of fourteen lines, of 
which the rhymes are adjusted by a particular 
rule. Milton. A small poem. Shakspeare. 

To SO'NNET*, son'-net. v. n. To compose sonnets. 
'Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 

SONNETTE'ER", son-nel-teer'. ) 

SONNETER*, s6n'-net-ur. f „ . 

SO'NNETIST*, son'-net-fst. ( n ' r 

SO'NNETWRITER*, s&n'-nSt-rhfir. ) 

[sonnetier, Fr.] A small poet, in contempt. Shak. 

SONORPF1CK, s6n-6-rlf -fik. 509. a. [sonorus and 
facio, Lat.] Producing sound. Watts. 

SONOROUS §, s6-n6'-rus. 512. a. '{smoreux,Fr.', 
so7iorus, Lat.] Loud-sounding; giving loud or shrill 
sound. Milton. High-sounding; magnificent of 
sound. Addison'. 

SONO'ROUSLY, s6-n6 / -rus-ly.ad. With high sound; 
with magnificence of sound. 

SONO'RQUSNESS, si-ni'-rus-ngs. n. s. The quali- 
ty of giving sound. Boyle. Magnificence of sound. 

SO'NSHIP, sun'-sh'fp. n. s. Filiation ; the character 
of a son. Decay of Christian Piety. 

SOONy, s66n. 306. ad. [suns, Goth. ; j-ona, Sax. ; 
saen, Dut.] Before long time be past ; shortly after 
any time assigned or supposed. Milton,. Early ; 
before any time supposed : opposed to late. Ex. ii. 
Readily ;' willingly. Addison. It has the significa- 
tion of an adjective ; speedy, quick. Sidney. — Soon 
as. Immediately ; at the very time. Ex. xxxii. 

SOO'NLY, s66n'-le. ad. Uuickly ; speedily. More. 

SOOTBERRY, soOp'-ber-re. n s. A plant. Miller. 

SOOT§, s6ot. 309. [sut, Jones, Fulton and Knight ; 
sut, Sheridan, &c] n. s. []*ofc, j-oofc, Sax.; soot, 
Icel.] Condensed or imbodied smoke. Bacon. 

55= Notwithstanding I have Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares,Dr. 
Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and the professors of 
the Black Art themselves, against me in the pronuncia- 
tion of this word, I have ventured to prefer the regular 
pronunciation to the irregular. The adjective sooty has 
its regular sound among the correctest speakers, which 
has induced Mr. Sheridan to mark it so ; but nothing 
can be more absurd than to pronounce the substantive 
in one manner, and the adjective, derived from it by 
adding y, in another. The other orthoepists, therefore, 
who pronounce both these words with the 00 like «, are 
more consistent than Mr. Sheridan, though, upon the 
whole, not so right. W. 

SOOTE* or SOTE*. a. Sweet. See Sweet. 
Ob. T. 

SOO'TED, socV-ed. a. Smeared, manured, or cov- 
ered with soot. Mortimer. 

SOO'TERKIN, s66'-t£r-k?n. n.s. A kind of false 
birth fibled to be produced by the Dutch women 
from sitting over their stoves. Swift. 

SOOTH y, shbth. 467. n. s. [yofS, Sax.] Truth ; re- 
ality. Slmk. Prognostication. Spenser. Sweet- 
ness ; kindness. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

SOOTH, s66tfi. 467. a. [ r oo\ Sax.] True; faithful, 
that may be relied on. Shakspeare. 
857 



SOR 



SOR 



Q~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, p?n ;— 



To SOOTHES, s66th. 467. v. a. [*e-ro»ian, Sax. 
This word is better written with the final e, to dis- 
tinguish it from sooth.] To flatter ; to please with 
blandishments. Slmk. To calm; to soften; to 
mollify. Dryden. Tog-ratify; to please. Dryden. 
SOOTHER, sooTH'-fir. n. s. A flatterer ; one who 

gains by blandishments. Shakspeare. 
SOOTHINGLY*, softTH'-fng-le. ad. With blan- 
dishments; with flattery. Shelton. 

SOO'THLY*,s66//i / -le.«rf. [ r o31ice,Sax.] In truth; 

really. Hales. 
To SOOTHSAY, sd6tfi'-sa. v. n. To predict ; to 
foretell. Acts, xvi. 

SOOTHSAY*, sflM'-sa. ) n.s. [roS-rafta, 

SOOTHSAYING*, sSS^-sa-fng. > Sax.] True 
saying ; veracity. Chaucer. Prediction. Spenser. 

SOOTHSAYER, so&W-sa-fir. n. s. A foreteller ; a 
predicter ; a prognosticate". Sidney. 

SOOTINESS.sSSt'-e-nes. n.s. The quality of being 
sooty; fuliginousness. 

SOOTY, sod'-te. a. [roti$, Sax.] Breeding soot. 
Milton. Consisting of soot ; fuliginous. Wilkins. 
Black ; dark ; dusky. P. Fletcher. 

To SOOTY, s56'-te. v. a. To make black with 
soot. Chapman. 

SOP^, s6p. ji.s. [rop, Sax.; soppe, Teut. ; siippe, 
Germ.] Any thing steeped in liquor ; commonly to 
be eaten. Bacon. Any thing given to pacify, from 
the sop given to Cerberus. Dryden. 

To SOP, sop. i\ a. To steep in liquor. 

SOP-m- Wine*, n. s. A kind of pink. Spenser. 

SOPE, s6pe. n. s. See Soap. 

SOPH, s6f. n.s. [sophista, Lat.J A young man who 
has been two years at the university. Pope. 

SO'PHI, s6'-fe. n. s. [Persian.] The emperour of Per- 
sia. Sliakspeare. 

SO'PHICAL*, s6f-fe-kal. a. [oo<ptt.] Teaching wis- \ 
dom Dr. Harris. 

SOTHISM, sof-flzm.?i.s. [sophisme, Fr. ; sophisma, 
Lat.] A fallacious argument; an unsound subtilty ; 
a fallacy. Milton. 

S0'PH1ST$, s6f-flst. 514. n.s. [sophiste, Fr. ; sophis- 
ta, Lat.] A professor of philosophy. Temple. 

SO'PHISTER, s&P-ffe-tfir. 98. n.s. A disputant fal- 
laciously subtle ; an artful but insidious logician. 
Shakspeare. A professor of philosophy ; a sophist. 
Hooker. 

To SO'PHISTER*, s&F-fls-t&r. v. a. To maintain 
by a fallacious argument. Ld. Cobham. Ob. T. 

SOPHISTICAL, so-fV-te-kal. 88. ) a. [sophistique, 

SOPHFSTICK*, s6-f is'-tlk. \ Fr. ; from so- 

phist.] Fallaciously subtle; logically deceitful. Hall. 

SOPHISTICALLY, so-fis'-te-kal-e. ad. With 
fallacious subtilty. Swift. 

To SOPHISTICATE, so-fls'-te-kate. o. a. [sophis- 
tiqner, Fr.] To aclullerate ; to corrupt with some- 
thing spurious. Hooker. 

SOPHISTICATE, si-fisMe-kate. 91. part.a. Adul- 
terate ; not genuine. Cowley. 

SOPHISTIC ATION, s^-fls-te-ka'-shCm. n. s. [Fr.] 
Adulteration ; not genuineness. Quincij. 

SOPHI STICATOR, so-fls'-te-kUur. 521. n. s. 
Adulterator; one that makes things not genuine. 
Wliitaker. 

SO'PHISTRY, s&f-fls-tre. n.s. Fallacious ratiocina- 
tion. Sidney. Logical exercise. Felton. 

ToSO'PORATES, sop^-rate. v. a. [soporo, Lat.] 
To lay asleep. Diet. 

SOPORI'FEROUS, sop-6-r?P-fir-fts. a. [soporifer, 
Lat. ; from sopor and few.] Productive of sleep ; 
causing sleep ; narcotick ; opiate ; dormitive; som- 
niferous ; anodyne ; sleepy. Bacon. 

SOPORl'FERO'USNESS, s6p-6-rlf-ur-us-nes. 518, 
527. n. s. The quality of causing sleep. 

SOPORITICK,s6p-6-rlf-f1k.530,509. a. Causing 
sleep ; opiate ; narcotick. Locke. 

SO / POROUS*,s&p / -6-r5s.a. [soporus, Lat.] Sleepy; 
causing sleep. Greenhill. 

SO'PPER, s&p'-p&r. n s One that steeps any thing 
m liquor. 

SORB, s6rb. n.s. \sorbur>~ Lat.] The service-tree, j 
&ve»yn. The oerry ol the tree , 



SO'RBILE, sdr'-bfl. a. [sorbeo, Lat.] That may be 

drunk or sipped. 
SORBITION, s6r-blsh'-un. n. s . [sorbitio, Lat.] 

The act of drinking or sipping. Cockeram. 
SORBO'NICAL*, sdr-bon'-e-kal. a. Of or belong- 
ing to a Sorbonist. Bale. 
SO'RBONIST*, sdr'-b6-n?st. n.s. A doctor of the 
theological house of Soi-bon, or Sorbonne, in the 
university of Paris : the Sorbonne was also a term 
used in general for the whole faculty of theology 
there. Hudibras. 
SO'RCERER$, sdr'-ser-ur. 98. n.s. [sorcier, Fr. •, 
sortiai-ius, low Lat. ; from sortes, Lat.] A conjurer; 
an enchanter; a magician. Shakspeare. 
SO'RCERESS, s6r'-ser-es. n. s. A female magician 

an enchantress. Shakspeare. 
SO'RCEROUS, sdr'-s^r-us. a. Containing enchant 

ments. Bale. 
SO'RCERY, sSr'-ser-e. 555. n. s. Magick ; enchant 

ment ; conjuration ; witchcraft ; charms. Shak. 
SORD, s6rd. n. s. [corrupted from sward.] Turf 

grassy ground. Milton. 
SO'RDES,sbr'-tez. n.s. [Lat.] Foulness; dregs 

Woodward. 
SO'RDET, s6r-deV. ) n. s. [sourdine, Fr. ; sordina, 
SO'RDINE, spr-deen'. \ ItaL] A small pipe put 
into the mouth of a trumpet to make it sound lower 
or shriller. Bailey. 
SORDID*, s6r'-dld. a. [sordide,Fr. ; sordidus, Lat.] 
Foul; gross; filthy; dirty. Bp.Hall. Intellectu- 
ally dirty ; mean ; vile ; base. Cowley. Covetous 
niggardly. DenJiam. 
SORDIDLY, s6r'-dld-le. ad. Meanly; poorly ; cov 

etously. 
SO'RDIDNESS, scV-dfd-nes. n. s. Meanness; base- 
ness. Cowley. Nastiness ; not neatness. Ray. 
SORE $, sore. n. s. [rap, Sax. ; saur, Dan.] A place 
tender and painful ; a place excoriated ; an ulcer 
Shakspeare. 
SORE, sore. a. [rap, Sax. ; sar, Goth.] Tender to 
the touch. Hudibras. Tender in the mind ; easily 
vexed. Tillotson. Violent with pain; afflictively 
vehement. Common Prayer. Criminal. Shak. 
SORE, s6re. ad. [ser or sehr, Germ. ; seer, Teut.] 
Intensely ; in a great degree. Gower. With pain- 
ful or dangerous vehemence ; a very painful de- 
gree ; with afflictive violence or pertinacity. Spens 
To SORE*, sore. v. a. To wound; to make sore. 

Spenser. 
SORE, s6re. n. s. [sor-falcon, Fr.] A hawk of the 
first year. Spenser, [saw, Fr.] A buck of the 
fourth year. Return from Parnassus. 
SO'REHON. ) n. s. [Irish and Scottish.] A kind of 
SORN. \ servile tenure, formerly in Scot- 

land, as likewise in Ireland. Whenever a chief- 
tain had a mind to revel, he came down among the 
tenants with his followers, and lived on free quar- 
ters; so that when a person obtrudes himself upon 
another, for bed and board, he is said to som, or 
be a sorner. Macbean. , 
SO'REL* or SO'RREL* s6r'-rll. a. [saur, Fr.] 
Reddish; inclining to a red colour: as, a sorrel 
horse. Cotgrave. 
SO'REL , so'-rfl. 99. ) n. s. [dimin. of sore ; from saur, 
SO RREL* sor'-rfl. \ Fr.] A buck of the third year 

See Sore. A Christian turned Turk. 
SO'REL Y, s6re'-le. ad. With a great degree of pain 
or distress. Sliak. With vehemence dangerous or 
afflictive. Shakspeare. 
SO'RENESS, sore'-nes. n.s. Tenderness of a hurt. 

Decay ofChr. Piety. 
SORITES, so-rl'-tez. 433. n.s. [cwpcirn.] Properly, 
a heap. An argument where one proposition is 
accumulated on another. Watts. 
SORO'RICIDE, so-ror'-re-slde. 143. n.s. [soror and 

caedo, Lat] The murder of a sister. 
SO'RRAGE, s6r'-r?dje. n. s. The blades of green 

wheat or barley. Diet. 
SO'RRANCE, s&r'-ranse. n.s. Any disease or sore 

in horses. Diet. 
SO'RREL, s&r'-rll. 99. n.s. [rupe, Sax, ; sorel, Fr.] 
A plant having an acid taste. Miller, 
858 



SOT 



SOU 



— nd, mflve, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bfill ; — 6'il ;— p6und ; — th'm, THis. 



SO'RREL*. See Sorel. 

SORRILY, sdr-re-le. ad. [from sorry.] Meanly; 
poorly; despicably; wretchedly; pitiably. Bent- 
ley. 

SORRINESS, sdr'-re-nes. n. s. Meanness ; wretch- 
edness; pitiableness; despicableness. 

7\> SORROWS, s6r'-r6. v. n. [saurgan, Goth.; 
j*op.£ian, Sax.] To grieve ; to be sad ; to be de- 
jected. Shakspeare. 

SORROW, s6r-r6. 327. n. s. [rop£, Sax.] Grief; 
pain for something past ; sadness ; mourning. 

SORROWED, s6i- / -r6de.359. a. Accompanied with 

sorrow. Shakspeare. 
SORROWFUL, sor'-ro-fu]. a. [ r on$pull, Sax.] 
Sad for something past ; mournful; grieving - . Tob. 
xiii. Deeply serious. 1 Sam. Expressing grief; 
accompanied with grief. Job, vi. 
SORROWFULLY*, s6r'-r6-ful-le. ad. In a sorrow- 
ful manner. Ld. Herbert. 

SORROWFULNESS*, s6r'-r6-ful-nes. n. s. State 

of being sorrowful. 
SORROWING*, s6V-r6-lng. n. s. Expression of 
sorrow. Broicne. 

SO RROWLESS*, sor^-l^s. a. Without sorrow. 
Heioyt. 

SO RRY, sor'-re. a. []*api^, papi, pepi, Sax.] 
Grieved for something past. St. Matt. xiv. Melan- 
choly; dismal. Spenser, [sour, Icel.] Vile; worth- 
less ; vexatious. Sliakspeare. 

SORT §. -s6rt. n. s. [soHe, Fr.J A kind ; a species. 
Milton. A manner ; a form of being or acting. 
Hooker. A degree of any quality. Rom. xv. A 
class, or order of persons. Hooker. A company ; 
a knot of people. Sliak. Rank ; condition above 
the vulgar. Shak. [sort, Fr. ; sortcs, Lat.] A lot. 
Shak. A pair ; a set ; a suit. 

£c5° There is an affected pronunciation of this word so as 
to rhyme with port. This affectation, however, seems 
confined to a few in the upper ranks of life, and is not 
likely to descend to their inferiours, as it does not ap- 

• pear to have made any progress among correct and 
classical speakers. 

It may be observed, that the long open o is confined to those 
words where p precedes it, and to the word fort. W. 

To SORT, s6rt. v. a. [sortiri, Lat. ; assortire, Ital.] 
To separate into distinct and proper classes. Boyle. 
To reduce to order from a state of confusion. Hook- 
er. To conjoin ; to put together in disu-ibution. 
Davies. To cull; to choose; to select. Chap- 
man. 

To SORT, s6rt. ?\ n. To be joined with others of the 
same species. Woodward. To consort; to join. 
Bacon. To suit ; to fit. Bacon, [sorter, Fr.] ' To 
terminate ; to issue. Bacon. To have success ; to 
terminate in the effect desired. Abbot. To fall out. 
[sort. Fr.] Shakspeare. 

SO'RTABLE* sftrl'4-bL a. [Fr.] Suitable ; befit- 
ting. Bacon. 

SO'RTABLY*, sort'-a-ble. ad. Suitably ; fitly. Cot- 
grave. 

SO'RTAL, sSr'-tal. a. Belonging to the sort. Locke. 

SOTtTANCE, soV-tanse. n. s. Suitableness; agree- 
ment. Sliakspeare. 

SORTILEGES, sor'-te-lgdje. n. s. [sortilege, Fr.; 
sortilegium, Lat.] The act or practice of drawing 
lots. 

SORTILE'GIOUS*, sdr-te-le'-jus. a. Relating to 
sortilege. Daubuz. 

SORTITION*, sdr-tlsh'-fin. n. s. [sortiiio, Lat.] Se- 
lection or appointment by lot. Bp. Hall. 

SORTMENT, sSrt'-ment. n. s. The act of sorting; 
distribution. A parcel sorted or distributed. 

To' SOSS S, s6s. v.n. [perhaps a corruption of To 
souse, from the Fr. sous, down.] To sit lazily on a 
chair ; to fall at once into a chair. Swift. 

SOSS*, sos. n. s. A lazy fellow ; a lusk. Colgrave. 

SOTS, sot. n. s. [yot, Norm.; yofc-rcjpe, Sax.; 
sot, Fr. ; sot, Teut.] A blockhead ; a dull, ignorant, 
stupid fellow; a dolt. Shak. A wretch stupified 
by drinking. Roscommon. 

To SOT, sot. v. a. To stupify ; to besot ; to infatuate. 
Chaucer. 



To SOT, s6t. v. n. To tipple to stupidity. 
SOTTISH, s&t'-llsh.a. Dull; stupid; 

fatuate ; doltish. Shak. Dull with intemperance. 
SO'TTISHLY, s&t'-rfsh-le. ad. Stupidly; dully; 

senselessly. Hayward. 
SO'TTISHNESS, sot'-tish-ngs. n. s. Dulness ; stu- 
pidity; insensibility. Holyday. Drunken stupidi- 
ty. South. 
SOUCE. n. s. See Souse. 
SOUCHONG*, [sSu-tsh&ng', Walker: s66-sh&ng' ; 

Perry.] W. s. A Kind of tea. 
To SOUGH*, v.n. [soeffen, TeuL] To whistle : ap- 
plied to the wind. Hist, of the Royal Society. 
SOUGH, sof. n. s. A subterraneous drain. Ray. 
SOUGHT, sawt. 319. The pret. and participle pass. 

of seek. Is. Ixv. 
SOULS, sole. 318. n. s. [fad, Sax.; saal, Icel.; 
seek, Germ.] The immaterial and immortal spirit 
of man. Hooker. Intellectual principle. Milton.. 
Vital principle. Milton. Spirit; essence; quint- 
essence; principal part. Milton. Interiour power. 
Shak. A familiar appellation expressing the qual- 
ities of the mind. Shak. Human being. Addison. 
Active power. Dryden. ' Spirit ; fire ; grandeur of 
mind. Young. Intelligent being in general. Milton. 
To SOUL*, s6le. v. a. To endue with a soul. Chau- 
cer. 
To SOUL*, or SOWL*. v. n. [ r upl, Sax.] To afford 

suitable sustenance. Warner. 
SOUL-BELL*, sole'-bel. iu s. The passing bell, 

Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 
SOUL-DISE'ASED*, sole'-dlz-ezd'. a. Diseased in 

mind ; soul-sick. Spenser. 
SO'ULDIER. See Soldier. 
SOTJLED, s6ld. 359. a. Furnished with mind. J>ry- 

den. 
SOILLESS, sb\e'-\h. a. [pul-lear, Sax.] With- 
out soul ; without life. Sir E. Sandys. Mean ; 
low; spiritless. Shakspeare. 
SOUL-SHOT, sole'-sh&t. ft. s. Something paid for a 

soul's requiem among the Romanists. Ayliffe. 
SOUL-SICK*, sole'-sfk. a. Diseased in mind : a 

forcible expression. Bp. Hall. 
SOUNDS, sound. 313. a. fjunb, Sax.] Healthy; 
hearty ; not morbid ; not diseased ; not hurt. Luke, 
xv. Right ; not erroneous ; orthodox. Bs. cxix. 
Stout; strong; lusty. Abbot. Valid; not failing. 
Spenser. Fast; hearty. It is applied to sleep. 
Milton. 
SOUND, sound, ad. Soundly; heartily; completely 

fast. Spenser. 
SOUND S, sound, n. s. [sund, High Dutch.] A shal- 
low sea, such as may be sounded. Camden. 
SOUND, sound, n. s. [sonde, Fr.] A probe ; an in- 
strument used by chirurgeons to feel what is out 
of reach of the fingers. Sliarp. 
To SOUND, sound, v. a. [sondan, Alem.] To search 
with a plummet; to try depth. Hooker. To try; 
to examine. Shakspeare. 
To SOUND, sound, v. n. To try with the sounding- 
line. Acts, xxvii. 
SOUND, s6iind. n. s. The cuttle-fish. Ainsivorth. 
SOUNDS, sound, n.s. [son, Fr. ; sonus, Lat.] Any 
thing audible; a noise ; that which is perceived by 
the ear. Spenser. Mere empty noise, opposed to 
meaning. Locke. 
To SOUND, s6und. v. n. To make a noise; to emit 
a noise. Milton. To exhibit by sound, or likeness 
of sound. Sliak. To be conveyed in sound. 1 
Thess. i. 
To SOUND, sSfind. v. a. To cause to make a noise ; 
to play on. Spenser. To betoken or direct by a 
sound. Waller. To celebrate by sound. Milton. 
SOTJNDBOARD, sound'-b6rd. n. s. Board which 

propagates the sound in organs. Bacon. 
SOUNDING, s6und / -nig. 410. a. Sonorous ; having 

a magnificent sound. Dry dm. 
SO'UNDING*, s6und / -ing. n. s. [from To sound, to 
try depth.] Act of trying the depth of the water 
with a plummet, [from sound, a noise.] Act of emit- 
ting a sound ; the sound emitted. Eztk. vii. 
SO'UNDLESS* s6und'-l&5. a. Too deep to be reach- 
859 



sou 



sow 



0= 559.— File, far, fall, fat 5— me, m<k ;— pine, pk ;— 



ed by the plummet; not to be fathomed. Sliak. 
Without sound.' Slvakspeare. 

SOUNDLY, sound'-le. ad. Healthily; heartily. 
Lustily ; stoutly ; strongly. Shak. Truly ; right- 
ly. Hooker. Fast ; closely : it is used of sleeping. 
Locke. 

SOUNDNESS, s6und'-nes. n. s. Health ; hearti- 
ness. Shak. Truth; rectitude; incorrupt state. 
Hooker. Strength; solidity. Hooker. 

To SOUP §*, s66p. v. a. [rupan, Sax.] To sup ; to 



swallow. Wicliffe. [ypeopan, Sax.] Wo breathe 
out ; to draw out. Cai 



vmden. 



To SOUP*, s66p. v. n. [fpeopan, Sax.] To sweep ; 

to pass with pomp. Bp. Hall. 
SOUP, s66p. 315. n.s. [j*upan, Sax.] Strong decoc- 
tion of flesh for the table. Gay. 
SOURS, s6ur. 313. a. [jup., |-ujii§, Sax.; sur, 
Welsh.] Acid ; austere ; pungent on the palate 
with astringency, as vinegar, or unripe fruit. Hos. 
iv. Harsh of temper; crabbed; peevish; morose; 
severe. Shak. Afflictive; painful. Shak. Express- 
ing discontent. Toiler . 
SOUR, sSur. n. s. Acid substance. Spenser. 
To SOUR, sdur. v. a. To make acid. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. To make harsh, or unkindly. Mortimer. 
To make uneasy; to make less pleasing. Shak. 
To make discontented. Shakspeare. 
To SOUR, sdur. v. n. To become acid; Arbuthnot. 

To grow peevish or crabbed. Addison. 
SOURCE, sorse. 318. n.s. [source, Fr.] Spring; 
fountain; head. Addison. Original; first cause. 
Milton. First producer. Waller. 
^fCr Some respectable speakers have attempted to give 
the French sound to the diphthong in this word and its 
compound resource, as if written soorce and resoorce ,• 
but, as this is contrary to analogy, so it is to general 
usage. Sheridan, Nares, Smith, and W. Johnston, give 
the same sound to both these words as I have done. 
Mr. Perry gives the same sound to source, and, as well 
as I can guess from the blindness of the print, to re- 
source also. Mr. Scott gives both sounds, but seems to 
prefer the first. Kenrick, only, gives source the sound 
of soorce, and the diphthong ou in resource the same 
sound as in hour, town, &c. W. 
SOURDET, sd&r'-dJt. n. s. [sourd, Fr.] The little 

pipe of a trumpet. _ 
SOURISH, sdur'-ish. a. Somewhat sour. Boyle. 
SO'URLY, sdurM*. ad. With acidity. With acri- 
mony. Dry den. Painfully ; discontentedly. Brown, 
SO'URJNESS, s6ur 7 -n£s. n.s. Acidity; austereness 
of taste. Bacon. Asperity ; harshness of temper 
Hooker. 
SO'URSOP, sd&r'-sop. n. s. Custard-apple. Miller. 
SOUS, s6use, or s66. 315. n. s. [sol, Fr.] A French 

penny. 

ty^p" The first pronunciation of this word is vulgar; the 
second is pure French, and, as such, is no more entitled 
to a place in an English dictionary, than the wordpen- 
ny is in a French one. W. 
SOUSES, souse. 313. n.s. [soute, Dutch.] Pickle 
made of salt. Any thing kept parboiled in salt 
pickle. Tusser. The ear; most properly that of a 
hog, from its being frequently pickled or soused 
Grose. 
To SOUSE, sftuse. v. a. To parboil, or steep in 
pickle. Sliak. To throw into water. A ludicrous 
sense. Slvakspeare. 
To SOUSES, souse, v. n. [sous, or dessous, Fr.] To 
fall as a bird on its prey; to fall with violence 
Spenser. 
To SOUSE, souse, v. a. To strike with sudden vio- 
lence, as a bird strikes his prey. Shakspeare. 
SOUSE*, souse, n. s. Violent attack, as of a bird 

striking his prey. Spenser. 
SOUSE, souse, ad. With sudden violence. Young. 
SO'UTERS*, sou'-t&r. n. s. frutepe, Sax.; sutor, 

LaU A shoemaker ; a cobbler. Chaucer. 
SOUTERLY*, sdiV-tur-Ie. a. Like a cobbler; low; 

vulgar. Florio. 
SO'UTERRAIN, sSo-ter-rane'. 315. [s6'-ter-rln, 
Sheridan.'] n. s. [souterrain, Fr.] A grotto or cavern 
in the ground. Arbuthnot. Not English. 
SOUTHS, Mth. 313. n. s. [pi3, Sax. ; suyd, Dutch ; 



Tendency to the 

Furthest towards 

[properly sooth 



sud, Fr.] The part where the sun is to us at noon : 
opposed to north. Bacon. The southern regions 
of the globe. St. Matt. xii. The wind that blows 
from the south. Shakspeare. 
SOUTH, sotith. 313. a. Southern ; meridional. Job, 

xxxvii. 
SOUTH, sbhth. ad. Towards the south. Shak. From 

the south. Bacon. 
SOUTHEAST, sSM-eest'. n. s. The point between 
the east and south ; the point of winter sunrise. 
Bacon. 
SOUTHERLY, suTH'-ur-le, or sSuTH'-ur-le. a. 
Belonging to any of the points denominated from 
the south ; not absolutely southern. Lying towards 
the south. Brown. Coming from about the south. 
Shakspeare. 
frOr" The diphthong in this and the following word has 
fallen into contraction by a sort of technical sea pro- 
nunciation ; but both of them seem to be recovering 
their true diphthongal sound, though the latter seems 
farther advanced towards it than the former. W. 
SOUTHERN, souTH'-urn, or suTH'-urn. a. [ r u$ 
enne, Sax.] Belonging to the south ; meridional. 
Dryden. Lying towards the south. Shak. Com- 
ing from the south. Bacon. 
SO'UTHERNLY*, sSuTH'-urn-Ie, or s&TH'-urn-Je. 

ad. Toward the south. Hakewill. 
SOUTHERNMOST*, suTH'-firn-most. a. Furthest 

towards the south. Graves. 
SOUTHERNWOOD, suTH'-um-wud. n.s. [j-u$- 

epnpube, Sax.] A plant. Miller. 
SOUTHING, sSuTH'-lng. a. Going towards the 

south. Dryden. 
SOUTHING, souTH'-lng. n. 

south. Dryden. 
SO UTHMOST, sbbih'-mbst. 

the south. Milton. 
SOOTHSAY, sbhth'-sk. 315. n. 

say ; which see.] Prediction. 
To SOOTHSAY, sdM'-sa. v. n'.To predict. Cam- 
den. 
SO'UTHSAYER, soiW-sa-flr. n. s. A predicter. 1 
SOUTHWARD, s6M y -ward, or sura'-urd. n. s. 

The southern regions. Raleigh. 
SOUTHWARD, soM'-ward, or s&TH'-urd. ad. To- 
wards the south. Locke. 
SOUTHWE'ST, s6utfi-west'. n. s. Point between 

the south and west ; winter sun-set. Acts, xxvii. 
SOUVENANCE, soS'-ve-nanse. n.s. [Fr.] Re- 

memhrance ; memory. Spenser. Ob. J. 
SOVENANCE*, s56'-ve-nanse. n.s, Remembrance. 

Spenser. 
SOVEREIGN S, sfiv'-er-fn. 255. a. [souverain, Fr. ; 
sovrano, Ital.] Supreme in power; having no su- 
periour. Hooker. Supremely efficacious ; predom- 
inant over diseases. Hooker. 
SOVEREIGN, suv'-Sr-fn. 165. n.s. Supreme lord. 
Shak. Formerly, a gold coin, called also a rose- 
noble and double rose-noble ; now, a new gold coin, 
of twenty shillings value. Camden. 
To SOVEREIGNIZE*, s&v'-Sr-in-ize. v. n. To 

exercise supreme power. Sir T. Herbert. 
SOVEREIGNLY, s&v'-er-ln-le. ad. Supremely ; in 

the highest degree. Boyle. 
SOVEREIGNTY, suv'-er-b-te. n. s. [souverainete , 
Fr.] Supremacy; highest place; supreme power ; 
highest degree of excellence. Shakspeare. 
SOWS, sou. 322. 7i. s. [ru#a, Sax.; sugga, Su. 
Goth.] A female pig; the female of a boar. Bacon. 
An oblong mass of lead. Skelton. An insect ; a 
millepede. Ainsworth. 
SOWBREAD, sou'-brgd. n. s. A plant. Tate. 
To SOW S, s6. 324. v. n. [saian, M. Goth. ; saa, Su 
Goth. ; r-apan, Sax.] To scatter seed in order to 
a harvest. Ps. cxxvi. 
To SOW, s6. v. a. part. pass. sown. To scatter in 
the ground in order to growth ; to propagate by 
seed. Spenser. To spread; to propagate. Prov. 
vi. To impregnate or stock with seed. Is. xxx. 
To besprinkle. Spenser. 
To SOW, for sew, s6. v. a. To join by needle work. 
Milton. 

860 



SPA 






SPA 


— n6, move, ndr, not 


r-tube, tab, bull j— d?l ; 


—pound 


— thin, THis. 



To SOWCE, sduse. 3-23. v. a. To throw into the 

water. L'Etsrauge. See To Souse. 
SOWER, s6'-ur. 98. n. s. [rapere, Sax.] He that 

sprinkles the seed. St. Matt. xiii. A scatterer. 

Hakewill. A breeder ; a promoter. Bacon. 
SOWINS, sdu'-luz. 323. n. s. Flummery made of 

oatmeal somewhat soured. Mortimer. 
To SOWLE, s6ul. v. a. To pull by the ears. ShoJc. 
SOWN, sAne. The participle of sow. Heylin. 
SO'WTHISTLE, sdu'-*Ais-$l. 472. n. s. A weed. 

Bacon. 
SOY*, soe. n. s. A kind of sauce : a considerable 

article of commerce in Japan. Thunberg. 
SPAAD, spade, n. s. A kind of minerak Wood- 
ward. 
SPACE §, spase. n. s. [spatium, Lat.] Room ; local 

extension. Locke. Any quantity ot place. Sliak. 

Quantity of time. Hammond. A small iime ; a 

while. Spenser. 
To SPACE*, spase. v. n. [spatior, Lat.] To rove ; 

to spatiate. Spenser. 
SPA'CEFUL* spase'-f&l. a. Extensive ; wide. San- 

dus. Ob. T. ' 
SPA'CIOUS §, spa'-sh&s. 357. a. [spacieux, Fr. j spa- 

tinsus, Lat.] Wide ; extensive* roomy ; not nar- 
row. Hooker. 
SPACIOUSLY, spa'-shfis-le. ad. -Extensively. 
SPA'CIOUSNESS, spa'-sh&s-nes. n. s. Roominess; 

wide extension. Hakewill. 
SPA DDLE,spad'-dl. 405. n.s. [diminutive of spade.] 

A little spade. Mortimer. 
SPADE §, spade. 73. n. s. [rpab, Sax. ; spade, Icel. 

and Dutch.] The instrument of digging 1 . Bacon. 

A deer three years old. Ainswortli. A suit of 

cards. 
SPA DEBONE, spade'-b6ne. n. s. The shoulder 

blade. Draijton. 
SPADI'CEOUS, spa-dish'-fts. a. [spadiceus, Lat.] 

Of a light-red colour. Brown. 
SPADrLLE,spa-dil / . n.s. [spadille, or espadille, Fr.] 

The ace of spades at the game of quadrille. 
SPAGY'RICAL §*, spa-jfr'-e-kal'. a. [spagyricus, 

Lat. ; crirdo) and aydpw, Gr.] Chymical. 
SPAGY'RICK. spa-j?r'-ik. a. Chymical. 
SPAGY'RICK*, spa-jlr'-ik. n.s. A chymist. Bp. Hall. 
SPA'GYRIST, spad'-jfir-ist. n.s. A chymist. Boyle. 
SPA'HEE* ) \. , • in.s. [espawhee, Pers.] One 
SPA'HI*, $ S P- " ne - } of the Turkish cavalry. 

Letters to Abp. Usher. 
SPAKE, spake. The old preterit of speak. Milton. 
SPALL, spal. n. s. [espavJe. Fr.] Shoulder. Spenser. 

SPALL*, spal. n.s. [spiadl, Su. Goth.] A chip. 

SPALT, spalt. ) n. s. A white, scaly, shining stone, 

SPELT, spelt. ) frequently used to promote the fu- 
sion of metals. Bailey. 

SPAN §, span. n. s. [jpan,Sax. ; sjwtnna, Ilal. ; span, 
Dutch.] The space from the end of the thumb to 
the end of the little finger extended ; nine inches. 
Holder. Any short duration. Shakspeare. 

To SPAN, span. v. a. [jpannan, Sax. ; spanna, Su. 
Goth.] To measure by the hand extended. Isaiah, 
xlviii. To measure. Shakspeare. 

SPAN, span. The preterit of spin. Drayton. 

SPA'NCEL*, span'-sll. n.s. A rope to tie a cow's 
hinder legs. Grose. 

To SPA'NCEL*, span'-sll. v. a. To tie the fore or 
hinder legs of a horse or cow with a rope. Malone. 

SPA'NCOUNTER, span'-kdfln-tfir. ) n. s. [from 

SPA'NFARTHING, span'-far-THlng. $ span, coun- 
ter, and farthing.] A play at which money is 
thrown within a span or mark. Shakspeare. 

SPAN-LONG*, span'-l6ng. a. Of the length only of 
a span. B. Jonson. 

SPAN-NEW*, span'-nu. a. Quite new. Chaucer. 

To SPANE, spane. v. a. [spene, Germ.] To wean a 
child. 

SPANG §, spang, n.s. [spange, Germ.; spanghe, 
Teut.] A thin piece of gold, or silver, or other 
shining materials ; a spangled ornament. Spenser. 

SPA'NGLE, spang'-gl. 405. n.s. [spange, Germ.] A 
small plate or boss of shining metal. Numb. xxxi. 



50. Matthewe's Translation. 
kling and shining. ^Spenser. 



Any thing spaf- 



ToS 



PA'NGLE, spang'-gk v. a. To b 
spangles or shining bodies. Shakspe 



besprinkle with 



SPA'NlEL^span'-yel.llS^l. [span'-y£l, Sheri- 
dan, Jones, Fulton and Knight ; span' -el, Perry.] 
n.s. [hispaniolus, Lat.; from Hispaniola, where 
the best breed of this species of dog was.] A dog 
used for sports in the field, remarkable for sagacity 
and obedience. Sidney. A low, mean, sneaking 
fellow. Shakspeare. 
SPA'NIEL*, span'-yeL a. Like a spaniel. Shak. 
To SPA'NIEL, span'-yel. v. n. To fawn ; to play the 

spaniel. 
To SPA'NIEL*, span'-yel. v. a. To follow like a 

spaniel. Toilet. ' 
SPA'NISH*, span'-fsh. n. s. The language of Spain. 

Howell. 
SPA'NISH Broom, n. s. A plant. 
SPA'NISH Fly. n.s. A venomous fly that strnes 
like gold, and breeds in the tops of ashes, olives, 
&c. It is used to raise blisters. 
SPA'NISH Nut. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
To SPANK t,spangk. 408. v. a. To strike with the 

open hand. Ash. 
SPA'NKER, spangk'-Sr. n. s. A small coin. Den- 
ham. A person that takes long steps with agility : 
used in some parts of the north : it is also applied 
to a slout or tall person. 
SPA'NNER, span'-nur. n. s. The lock of a fusee or 
carabine. Bailey. The fusee itself. Sir J. Bow- 
ring. 
SPAR, spar. n.s. Marcasite. Woodward. 
TbSPAR§, spar. v. a. [rpapjian, Sax. ; sperren, 

Germ.] To shut ; to close ; to bar. Chaucer. 
SPAR, spar. n. s. [sparre, Teut.] A small beam ; 

the bar of a gate. Clutucer. 
To SPAR, spar. v. n. [perhaps from sperren, Germ.] 
To fight with prelusive strokes. Prologue to the 
Dramatist. 
SPA'RABLE, spar'-a-bl. n. s. [j*pap.p.an, Sax.] 

Small nails. 
SPA'RADRAP, spar'-a-drap. n. s. A cerecloth. 

Wiseman. 
SPA'RAGE*, spaV-rldje. ) n.s. Asparagus : which 
SPA'RAGUS*,spar'-a-gos. $ see. Bp. Taylor. 
To SPARE §, spare, v. a. [ypapian, Sax.; spaeren, 
Dut.] To use frugally ; not to waste ; not to con- 
sume. Milton. To have unemployed ; to save 
from any particular use. Knolles. To do without; 
to lose "willingly. Shak. To omit ; to forbear. 
Milton. To use tenderly ; to forbear; to treat with 
pity; not to afflict; not to destroy; to use with 
mercy. Common Prayer. To grant ; to allow ; to 
indulge. Roscommon. To forbear to inflict or im 
pose. Dryden. 
To SPARE, spare, v. n. To live frugally ; to be 
parsimonious ; to be not liberal. Shak. To forbear; 
to be scrupulous. Knolles. To use mercy ; to for- 
give ; to be tender. Bacon. 
SPARE, spare, a. [rpaen, Sax.] Scanty; not akin 
dant ; parsimonious; frugal. Carew. Superfluous, 
unwanted. Spe?iser. Lean; wanting flesh; maci 
lent. Shakspeare. Slow. Grose. 
SPARE, spare, n.s. Parsimony; frugal use; hus 

bandry. Chapman. Ob. J. 
SPA'RELY* spare'-le. ad. Sparingly. Milton-. 
SP A'RENESS*, spare'-nes. n. s. [rpsepnerj-e, Sax. J 

Slate of being spare ; leanness. Hammond. 
SPA'RER, spa'-rur. 98. n.s. One who avoids ex- 
pense. Wotton. 
SPA'RERIB, spare'-rlb. n. s. Ribs cut away from 
the body, and having on them spare or little flesh : 
as, a sparerib of pork. Brewer. 
SPARGEFA'CTION, spar-je-fak'-shfin. n.s. [spar- 
go, Lat.] The act of sprinkling. Swift. 
SPA'RHAWK*. See Sparrowhawk. 
SPA'RING, spa'-r?ng. 410. a. Scarce; little. Bacon. 
Scanty; not plentiful. Bacon. Parsimonious; not 
liberal. Dryden. 
SPA'RINGLY, spa'-rlng-le. ad. Not abundantly. 
Shak. Frugally; parsimoniously; not lavish! v. 
861 



SPA 
















SPE 


inr 559.- 


-Fite 


fir, 


fill, 


fat; 


— me, 


met;- 


— pine 


p?n;— 



Hayward. With abstinence. Atterbury. Not with 
great frequency. Dryden. Cautiously; tenderly. 
Bacon. 
SPA'RINGNESS* spa'-rmg-nes. n. s. Parsimony ; 
want of liberality. Wlwle Duty of Man. Caution. 
Barrow. 
SPARK §, spark. 78. n. s. [ppeajic, Sax. ; sparlce, 
Dutch.] A small particle of fire, or kindled matter. 
Hooker. Any thing shining. Locke. Any thing 
vivid or active. Shak. A lively, showy, splendid, 
gay man. Dryden. A lover. 
To SPARK, spark, v.n. To emit particles of fire; to 

sparkle. Spenser. Ob. J. 
SPA'RKFUL, spark'-ful. a. Lively; brisk; airy. 

Camden. Ob. J. 
SPA'RKISH, spirk'-lsh. a. Airy; gay. Walsh. 

Showy; well-dressed; fine. V Estrange. 

SPA'RKLE, spar'-kl. .405. n. s. A spark ; a small 

particle of fire. Dryden. Any luminous particle. 

Hooker. Lustre ; Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To SPA'RKLE, spaV-kl. v.n. To emit sparks ; to 

issue in sparks. Milton. To shine; to glitter. 

Locke. To emit little bubbles, as liquor in a glass. 

To SPA'RKLE*, spar'-kl. v.a. [spargo, Lat.] To 

disperse ; to scatter ; to throw about. Sackville. 
SPA'RKLER*, spark'-lur. n. s. One whose eyes 

sparkle. Addison. 
SPA'RKLET*, spark'-igt. n. s. A small spark. 

Cotton. 
SPA'RKLINESS*, spark'-le-nes. n. s. Vivacity. 

Aubrey. Ob. T. 
SPA'RKLINGLY, spark'-llng-le. ad. With vivid 

and twinkling lustre. Boyle. 
SPA'RKLINGNESS, spark'-l?ng-nes. nJs. Vivid 

and twinkling lusire. Boyle. 
SPA'RLING*, sparMlng." n. s. [esperlan, Fr.] A 

smelt. Cotgrave. 
SPARROW y , spar'-r6. 87, 327. n. s. [sparwa, Goth. ; 

Tpearipa, Sax.] A small bird. Watts. 
SPA'RROWGRASS, sp&r'-r6-gras. n. s. Corrupted 

from asparagus. King. 
SPA'RROWHAWK, or Sparhawk, spar'-r6-hawk. 
n. s. Pjpearihapoc, Sax.] A small kind of hawk. 
Chaucer. 
SP A'RR Y, spar'-re. 82. a. Consisting of spar. Wood- 

xcard. 
To SPARSE*, sparse, v. a. [sjiarsus, Lat.] To dis- 
perse. Spenser. Ob. T. 
SPA / RSEDLY*,spars / -ed-le. ad. Scatteringly; dis- 

persedly. Evelyn. 
SPASM i, spazm. n. 5. [spasme, Fr. ; cnda-fta, Gr.] | 
Convulsion ; violent and involuntary contraction of 
any pnrt. Milton. 
SPASM O'DICK, spaz-modMk. 509. a. [spasmodique, 

Fr.] Convulsive. 
SPAT, spat. The pret. of spit. St. John. ix. 
SPAT, spat. n. s. [perhaps from spad, Su. Goth.] 

The spawn of shell-fish. Woodward. 
To SPA'TIATE, spa'-she-itc v.n. [spatior, Lat.] 

To rove ; to range ; to ramble at large. Bacon. 
ToSPA'TTERy/spat'-tur. 98. v.a. [rpafc, Sax.] 
To sprinkle with dirt, or any thing offensive. Ad- 
dison. To throw out any thing offensive. Sluxk. 
To asperse ; to defame. 
To SPA'TTER, sp?it'-tur. v.n. To spit; to sput- 
ter as at any thing nauseous taken into the mouth. 
Milton. 
SPATTERDASHES, spat'-lfir-dash-Iz. n.s. [spat- 
ter and dash.'] Coverings for the legs by which the 
wet is kept off. 
SPA'TTLE*, spat'-tl rt.s. [rpafcl, Sax.] Spittle. 

Balr. Ob. T. 

SPA'TTLING Poppy, spat'-llngo&p'-pe. n.s. White 

behen : a plant. Miller. 
SPA'TULA, spatsh'-u-Ia.461. n. s. [spalha, spalhula, 

Lat.] A spaltle or slice, used by apothecaries and 

surgeons in spreading plasters or stirring medicines. 

Qw'ncy. 
SPA'VIN y, spavMn n. s. [espavent, Fr. ; spavano, 

Ital.] This disease in horses is a bony excrescence, 

or crust as hard as a bone, that grows on the inside 

of the hough. Farrier's Diet. 



SPA'VINED*, spavMnd. a. Diseaded with spavin. 
Goldsmith. 

SPA W, spaw. 219. n. s. [from Spa, in Germany, a 
place famous for mineral waters.] A mineral water. 

To SPAWLy, spawl. v.n. [rpsechan, Sax.] To 
throw moisture out of the mouth. Overbury. 

SPAWL, spawl. 219. n.s. [rpafcl, Sax.] Spittle; 
moisture ejected from the mouth. Dryden. 

SPA'WLING*, spawning, n.s. Moisture thrown out 
of the mouth. Congreve. 

SPAWN y, spawn. 219. n. s. [spene, spenne, Teut. ; 
spane, old Engl.] The eggs offish or of frogs. Shak. 
Any product or offspring : in contempt. Roscommon. 

To SPAWN, spawn, v.a. To produce as fishes do 
eggs. SJiak. To generate ; to bring forth : in con- 
tempt. Swift.. 

To SPAWN, spawn, v. n. To produce eggs as fish. 
Brown. To issue ; to proceed : in contempt. Locke. 

SPA'WNER, spawn'-ur. 98. n.s. The female fish. 
Walton. 

To SPAY, spa. 220. v.a. [spado, Lat.] To castrate 
female animals. Mortimer. 

To SPEAK y, speke. 227. v. n. pret. spake or spoke ; 
part. pass. spoken. [}*paecan, Sax.; spreken, Teut.] 
To utter articulate sounds ; to express thoughts by 
words. 1 Sam. i. To harangue ; to make a speecn. 
Clarendon. To talk for or against ; to dispute. 
Shak. To discourse; to make mention. Gen. xix. 
To give sound. Shak. — To speak teith. -To ad- 
dress ; to converse with. Sliakspeare. 

To SPEAK, speke. v. a. To utter with the mouth; 
to pronounce. Esth. vii. To proclaim; to cele- 
brate. Shak. To address; to accost. Ecclus. xiii. 
To exhibit; to make known. Milton. 

SPEA'KABLE, spe'-ka-bl. 405. a. Possible to be 
spoken. Having the power of speech. Milton. 

SPEA'KER, spe'-kur. 98. n.s. One that speaks. 
Bacon. One that speaks in any particular manner. 
Prior. One that celebrates, proclaims, or men- 
tions. Shak. The prolocutor of the Commons. 
Dryden. 
SPEA'KING*, spe'-kfng. n.s. Discourse; act of ex- 
pressing in words. Ephes. iv. 
SPEAKING Trumpet, spe'-k?ng-trfimp'-?t. 99, 410. 
n. s. A stentorophonick instrument; a trumpet by 
which the voice may be propagated to a great dis- 
tance. Dryden. 
SPEAR y, spere. 227. n. s. [ypeajie, Sax. ; spere] 
Tent.] A long weapon with a sharp point, used in 
thrusting or 'hrowing; a lance. Chapman. A 
lanc-e.j^eneraliy with prongs, to kill fish. Carew. 

To SPEAR, spere. v. a. To kill or pierce with a 
spear. 

To SPEAR, spere. r. n. To shoot or sprout. Martivur. 
SPEA'RGRASS, spere'-gras. n.s. Long, stiff grass. 

Shakspeare. 
SPEA'RMAN, spere'-man. 88. n.s. One who uses a 
lance in fight ; one who carries a spear : formerly, 

Spearer. Barret. 
SPEA'RMlNT^spere'-nmit. n.s. A plant ; a species 

of mint. 
SPEA'RWORT. spere'-wfiri. n.s. An herb. Avmo. 
SPECHT*, or SPEIGHT*, n. s. [specht, Tent.] A 

■wood-pecker. Slier-wood. 
SPECIAL y, spesh'-al. 357. a. [Fr. ; specialis, Lat.] 
Noting a sort or species. Watts. Particular; pe- 
culiar. Sidney. Appropriate ; designed for a par- 
ticular purpose. Dairies. Extraordinary; uncom- 
mon. Hooker. Chief in excellence. Shakspeare. 
SPECIAL*, spesh'-al. n.s. A particular. Hammond. 
SPECIALITY, spesh-e-al'-e-te. ; n. s. [specialize. 
SPECIALTY, spesh'-al-te. $ Fr.] Particulari- 
ty. Hooker. 
To SPECIALIZE* spesh'-al-lze. v.a. To particu- . 

larize ; to mention specially. Sheldon. 
SPECIALLY, spesh'-al-e. ad. Particularly above 

others. Phil. xvi. Not in a common way ; pecu 

liarlv. Hale. 
SPECIES y, spe'-shez. 433. n.s. [Lat.] A sort; a 

subdivision of a general term. Watts. Glass of 

nature; single order of beings. Broum. Appear- 
ance to the senses ; any visible or sensible repre- 



SPE 



SPE 



— n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 5 — pfiund; — thm, THis. 



sentatidn. Bacon. Representation to the mind. 
Dryden. Show; visible exhibition. Bacon. Cir- 
culating- money. ArbuUinot. Simples that have 
place in a compound medicine. 
SPECI'FICAL, spe-sif-fe-kal. ) a. [spedfique, Fr. : 
SPECPFICK, spe-sif-fik. 509. \ species" nnd /ado, 
LatJ That makes a thing of the species of which it 
is. Saudi. [In medicine.] Appropriated to the cure 
of some particular distemper. Bacon. 
SPECPFICK*, spe-sif -f Ik. n.s. A specifick medicine. 

Wiseman. 
SPECFFICALLY, spe-sif-fe-kal-e. ad. In such a 
manner as to constitute a species; according to the 
nature of the species. South. 
To SPECFF1CATE, spe-slf-fe-kate. v. a. [spedes 
and /ado, Lat.] To mark by notation of distinguish- 
ing particularities. Hale. 
SPECIFICATION, spes-se-fe-ka'-slmn. n. s. [Fr.] 
Distinct notation ; determination by a peculiar 
mark. Watts. Particular mention. Ayliffe. 
To SPECIFY, speV-se-fl. 183. v. a. [speci/ter, Fr.] 
To mention ; to show by some particular marks of 
distinction. Hooker. 
SPECIMEN, speV-se-men. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A sam- 
ple ; a part of any thing exhibited that the rest 
may be known. Addison. 
SPECIOUS $, spe'-shfis. 357. a. [specieux, Fr. ; 
speciosus, Lat.] Showy 3 pleasing to the view. Bp. 
Richardson. Plausible; superficially, not solidly 
right; striking at first view. Milton. 
SPECIOUSLY, spe'-sh&s-le. ad. With fair appear- 
ance. Hammond. 
SPECIOUSNESS*, spe'-shus-nes. n. s. The state 

or quality of being specious. Ash. 
SPECK $, spe"k. n. s. [ppecca, Sax.] A small discol- 
oration : a spot. Dryden. 
To SPECK, spe"k. v. a. To spot ; to stain in drops. 

Milton. 
SPE'CKLE, spek'-kl. 405. n. s. Small speck; little 

spot. 
To SPE'CKLE, spek'-kl. v. a. To mark with small 

spots. Spenser. 
SPE CKLEDNESS* spek'-kld-n&. n. s. State or 

quality of being speckled. Ash.- 
SPECKT, or SPEIGHT, n. s. A woodpecker. Sec 

Specht. 
SPECTACLE $, spek'-ti-kl. 405. n. s. [Fr. ; spec- 
iaculum, Lat.] A show ; a gazing stock ; any thing 
exhibited to tne view as eminently remarkable. I 
Cor. iv. Any thing perceived by the sight. Spen- 
ser. [In the plural.] Glasses to assist the sight. 
Bacon. 
SPECTACLED, spek'-ta-kld. 359. a. Furnished 

with spectacles. Slia/cspeare. 
SPECTACULAR*, spek-tak'-u-lar. a. Relating to 

spectacles or shows. Dr. Hickes. 
SPECTATION, spek-ta'-shun. n.s. [spcctatio, Lat.] 

Regard ; respect. Harvey. 
SPECTATOR, spek-ta'-tfir. 76, 521. n. s. [specta- 
teur, Fr. ; spectator, Lat.] A looker-on ; a beholder. 
Shakspeare. 
SPECTATORSHIP, spek-ta'-tfir-sMp. n. s. Act of 
beholding. Shak. Office or quality of a spectator. 
Spectator. 
SPECTATRESS*, spek-ta'-tres. ) n. s. [spectatrix, 
SPECTATRIX*, spgk-ta'-trfks. $ Lat.] A female 

looker-on, or beholder. Rowe. 
SPECTRES, spek'-tfir. 416. n.s. [spectrum, Lat. ; 
spectre, Fr.] Apparition ; appearance of persons 
dead. Dryden. Something made preternaturally 
visible. 
SPE'CTR UM, speV-trSm. n. s. [Lat.] An image ; 

a visible form. Newton. 
SPECULAR, spfk'-ku-lar. 88. a. [specularis, Lat.] 
Having the qualities of a mirror or looking-glass. 
Donne. Assisting sight. Phillips. Affording view. 
Milton. 
To SPECULATE §/ spek'-ku-late. 91. v. n. [spec- 
ifier, Fr. ; specular, Lat.] To meditate ; to contem- 
plate; to take a view of any thing with the mind. 
Digby. 
To SPECULATE, speV-ku-late. v. a. To consid- 



er attentively; to look through with the mind. 
Brown. 
SPECULATION, spSk-u-la'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.l Ex 
amination by the eye ; view. Codrington., Exam 
iner } spy. Shak. Mental view ; intellectual exam 
ination ; contemplation. Hooker. A train of thoughts 
formed by meditation. Temple. Mental scheme 
•not reduced to practice. Temple. Power of sight. 
Shakspeare. 
SPECULATIST*, spek'-ku-la-tist. n. s. A specula- 
tor. Granger. 
SPECULATIVE, spek'-ku-la-tlv. 512. a. [speculatij, 
Fr.] Given to speculation; contemplative. Hooker. 
Theoretical ; notional ; ideal; not practical. Bacon. 
Belonging to view. Shak. Prying. Bacon. 
SPECULATIVELY, spek'-ku-la-tiv-le. ad. Con- 
templatively; with meditation. Comment, on Chau- 
cer. Ideally ; notionally ; theoretically ; not practi- 
cally Swift. 
SPE'C ULATIVENESS*, speV-ku-li-uVnSs. n. s. 

The state of being speculative. Scott. 
SPECULATOR, speV-ku-la-t&r. 521. n.s. One 
who forms theories. More, [speculateur, Fr.] An 
observer ; a contemplator. Brown. A spy ; a 
watcher. Broome. 
SPECULATORY, spek'-ku-la-tfir-e. 512. a. Ex- 
ercising speculation. Calculated for spying or 
viewing. iVarton. 
SPE'CULUM,sp&k''kti-\tiim. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A 
mirror; a looking-glass ; that in which representa- 
tions are formed by reflection. Boyle. An instru- 
ment in surgery used for dilatation. 
SPED, spe^d. The preterit and part, pa'ss. of speed, 

Shakspeare. 
SPEECH $, speetsh. 246. n. s. [rpaec, Sax.] The 
power of articulate utterance; the power of express- 
ing thoughts by vocal "words. Holder. Language j 
words, considered as expressing thoughls. Acd- 
dence. Particular language, as distinct from others. 
Psalms, Comm. Prayer. Any thing spoken. Shak. 
Talk ; mention. Bacon. Oration ; harangue. Sivi/L 
Declaration Of thoughts. Milton. 
To SPEECH*, speetsh. v. n. To harangue ; to make 

a speech. Pyle. 
SPE'ECHLESS, speetsh'-les. a. Deprived of the 
power of speaking; made mute or dumb. Sluxk, 
Mute ; dumb. Shakspeare. 
SPEECHLESSNESS*, speetsh/-les-nes. n.s. State 

of being speechless. Bacon. 
To SPEED §, speed. 246. v. n. pret. and part, pass, 
sped and speeded, [spoeden, Teut. ; spuden, Germ. 5 
■rpeb,Sax.] To make naste; to move with celerity. 
Spenser, [rpebian, Sax.] To have good success. 
Sliak. To succeed well, or ill. Shak. To have 
any condition, good or bad. Waller. 
To SPEED, speed, v. a. To despatch in haste ; to 
send away quickly. Fair/ax. To hasten ; to put 
into quick motion. Shak. To furnish in haste. 
To despatch; to destroy; to kill ; to mischief; to 
ruin. Dryden. To execute; to despatch. Ayliffe. 
To assist; to help forward. Dryden. To make 
prosperous ; to make to succeed. 2 John. 
SPEED, speed, n.s. [ppeb, Sax.] Quickness; ce- 
lerity. Milton. Haste ; hurry ; despatch. Decay 0/ 
Christian Piety. The course or pace of a horse. 
Shak. Success; event of any action or incident. 
Gen. xxiv. 
SPE'EDFUL* speed'-ffil. a. [rpebi£, Sax.] Ser- 
viceable; useful. Wicliffe. Ob. T. 
SPE'EDILY, speed'-e-le. ad. With haste; quickly. 

Shakspeare. 
SPE'EDINESS, speed'-e-n&s. n. s. The quality of 

being speedy. 
SPE'EDWELL, speed'-w&l. «. s. A plant. Der- 

ham. 
SPE'EDY, speed'-e. a. Quick; swift; nimble; quick 

of despatch. Shakspeare. 
To SPEET* speet. v. a. [speten, Teut.] To stab. 

Gamm. Gurton's Needle. 
SPEIGHT, n. s. A woodpecker. See Specht. 
SPELK*, spelk. n. s. [rpelc, Sax ] A splinter ; a 
sma'1 stick to fix on thatch with. Grose. 
863 



SPE 



SPI 



EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



SPELL §, spell, n. s. []*pel, Sax.] A charm consist- 
ing of some words ol' occult power. Brovm. A 
turn of work} a vicissitude of labour, [rpelian, 
Sax.] Carew. [j-pel, Sax.] A tale. Chaucer. 

To SPELL, speU v. a. pret. and part. pass, spelled 
or spelt, [spellen, Teut. ; speUen, Germ.] To write 
with the proper letters Dryden. To read by nam- 
ing letters singly. Sliak. To read; to discover by j 
characters or marks. Milton. To charm. Shak. \ 
[jpellian, Sax.] To relate ; to teach. Warton. 

To SPELL, spill, v. n. To form words of letters, j 
Dryden. To read. Milton. To read unskilfully. 
South. 

To SPELT, spelt, v. n. [spalten, Germ.] To split; to 
break. Mortimer. 

SPELT*, spelt, n.'s. [fpelfc, Sax.; spelte, Teut.] 
A kind of corn. 

SPE'LTER, sp&t'-ur. 98. rt.s. A kind of semi-metal. ' 
Newton. j 

SPENCE*, spgnse. n. s. [despence, old Fr.] A butte- 
ry; a larder; a store-room; a place where any pro- 
visions are kept. Chaucer. 

SPE'NCER*. spens'-tir. n. s. A butler ; one who has 
the care of the spence. Prompt. Parv. Oh. T. 

To SPEND §. spend, v. a. [ypenban, SaxJ To con- 
sume ; to exhaust; to waste. 2 Cor. xii. To bestow 
as expense ; to expend as cost. Isaiah, lv. To be- 
stow for any purpose. Shak. To effuse. Shak. 
To squander; to lavish. Wake. To pass ; to suffer 
to pass away. Job, xxi. To waste ; to wear out ; 
to exhaust of force. Bui-net. To fatigue ; to harass. 
Knolles. 

To SPEND, spend, v. n. To make expense. Dry- 
den. To prove in the use. Temple. To be lost or 
wasted. Bacon. To be employed to any use. Ba- 
con. 

SPE'NDER, spend'-ur. 98/ n. s. One who spends. 
Bp. Taylor. A prodigal ; a lavisher. Bacon. 

SPE'NDING*, spend'-ing. n. s. [rpenbun^, Sax.] 
Act of consuming, expending, or bestowing for any 
purpose. Whitlock. 

SPENDTHRIFT, spend'-Z/irfft. n. s: A prodigal ; a 
lavisher. Dryden. 

SPE'RABLES, speV-a-bl. a. [sperabilis, Lat.] Such 
as may be hoped. Bacon. Ob. J. 

SPE'RATE*, spe'-rate. a. [speratus, Lat.] Hoped 
tc be not irrecoverable. Repr. to Q. Anne, in Ec- 
ton's St. of Q. A.'s Bounty. 

To SPERE*, spere. v. a. [rpieian. Sax.] To ask ; 
to inquire. 

SPERM §, sperm, n. s. [spermc, Fr. ; sperma, Lat.] 
Seed; that by which the species is continued. Ba- 
con. 

SPERMACE'TI, sper-ma-se'-te. ».*. [Lat.] A 
particular sort of oil which comes from the head of 
the whale. Quincy. 

D5= When Shakspeare makes Hotspur describe a fop 
using this word, 
"And telling me the sovereign'st thing on earth 
"Was parmasitty for an inward bruise — " 

it is highly probable this was not a foppish pronuncia- 
tion, but that which generally obtained in Queen Eliz- 
abeth's time, and has, among the vulgar, been continu- 
ed to ours. W. 

SPERMA'TICAL, sper-mat'-te-kal. ) a. [sperma- 

SPERMA'TICK, sper-mat'-tlk. 509. \ tique, Fr.] 
Seminal ; consisting of seed. More. Belonging to 
the sperm ; containing sperm. Bacon. 

To SPE'RMATIZE, sper'-ma-tlze. v. n. To yield 
seed. Broum. 

SPERMATOCELE, sper-ma-to-sele'. [See Hy- 
drocele.] n. 5. [ovipua and <fr,X^.] A rupture 
caused by the contraction of the seminal vessels, 
and the semen falling into the scrotum. Bailey. 

SPERMO'LOGIST, sper-mol'-o-jfst. n. s. [<77r £ p M oX- 
6yos.] One who gathers or treats of seeds. Diet. 

To SPERSE, sperse. v. a. [sparsus, Lat.] To dis- 
perse ; to scatter. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To SPET$, spet. v. a. frpafcan, Sax.] To eject 
from the mouth ; to throw out. This is the old form 
of spit. Barret. 



SPET*, sp£t. n. s. Spittle ; matter ejected from the 
mouth. Lovelace. 

To SPEW §, spu. 265. v.a. [speiwan, Goth. ; -ppipan, 
Sax. ; speuwen, Germ.] To vomit ; io eject from 
the stomach. Spenser. To eject ; to cast forth. 
Dryden. To eject with loathing. t Len. xviii. 

To SPEW, spu. v. n. To vomit; to ease the stomach. 
B. Jonson. 

SPE'WER* spu'-fir. n. s. [ppipepe, Sax.] One who 
spews. 

SPE'WING*, spu'-lng. n. s. [ypipm^e, Sax.] Act 
of vomiting. Hab.il. 

SPE'WY, spiV-e. a. Wet; foggy. Mortimer. 

To SPHACELATES, sfas'-se-late. v, a. [sphacelus, 
Lat.] To affect with a gangrene. Sharp. 

To SPHACELATE, sfas'-se-late. v. n. To mortify ; 
to suffer the gangrene. Sliarp. 

SPHACELUS, sfas'-se-lfis. n. s. [ ff a '«Aos.] A gan- 
grene ; a mortification. Wiseman. 

SPHERE §, sfere. n. s. [Fr. ; sphecra, Lat.] A globe ; 
an orbicular body; a body of which the centre is at 
the same distance from every point of the circum- 
ference. Milton. Any globe of the mundane sys- 
tem. Spenser. A globe representing the earth or 
sky. Dryden. Orb ; circuit of motion. Milton. 
Province; compass of knowledge or action; em- 
ployment. Sluikspeare. 

To SPHERE, sfere. v. a. To place in a sphere. 
Sha/cspeare. To form into roundness. MUion. 

SPHERICAL, sfeV-re-kal. )a. [sphenque, Fr.] 

SPHE'RICK. sfeV-rik. 509. \ R ou " d 3 orbicular ; 
globular. Raleigh. Planetary ; relating to orbs of 
the planets. Shakspeare. 

SPHERICALLY, sfer'-re-kal-e. ad. In form of a 
sphere. Wotton. 

SPHE'RICALNESS, sfeV-re-kal-n&. ) n. s. Round- 

SPHERPCITY, sfe-rfs'-e-te. $ n ess; ro- 

tundity ; globosity. Digby. 

SPHERICKS*, steV-rfks. n. s. The doctrine of the 
sphere. 

SPHE'ROID §, sfe'-rold. n.s. [<r$ai 9 a and a<5o?.] A 
body oblong or oblate, approaching to the form of 
a sphere. Cheijne. 

SPHEROI'DICAL*, sfe-rofa'-e-kal. ) a. Having the 

SPHEROFDAL, sfe-rde'-dal. $ form of a 

spheroid. Cheyne. 

SPHEROI'DITY*, sfe-r6e'-de-te. n. s. Deviation 
from a sphere. Mason. 

SPHE'RULE, sfer'-ule. n.s. [sphccrula, Lat.] A lit- 
tle globe. Cheyne. 

SPHE'RY*, sfe'-re. a. Spherical ; round. Sliak. Be- 
longing to the spheres. Milton. 

SPHI'NCTER*, sfink'-tfir. n. s. [Lat.] One of the 
circular and constrictory muscles of the human 
body. 

SPHINX, sflnks. n. s. [<r0/y|.] A famous monster 
in Egypt, having the face of a virgin and the body 
of a lion. Peacham. 

SPl'AL, spi'-al. n. s. [espial, Fr.] A spy; a scout; a 
watcher. Bacon. Ob. J. 

SPICE §, spise. n.s. [espices, Fr.] A vegetable pro- 
duction, fragrant to the smell and pungent to the 
palate; an aromaliek substance used in sauces. 
SliaJc. [espece, Fr.] A small quantity; a sample ; a 
specimen. Shakspeare. 

To SPICE, splse. v. a. To season with spice ; to mix 
with aromaliek bodies. Shak. To render nice; 
to season with scruples. Chaucer. 

SPFCER, spl'-sGr. 98. n. s. One who deals in spice. 
Camden. 

SPPCERY, spl'-sfir-e. n.s. [espkeries, Fr.] The 
commodity of spices. Raleigh. A repository of 
spices. Addison. 

SPICK and SPAN, spik'-and-spau' a. Uuite new ; 
now first used. Butler. 

SPPCKNEL, splk'-nel. n. s. The herb maldmony or 
bear- wort. Diet. 

SPICO'SITY, spl-kos'-e-te. n, s. [spica, Lat.] The 
quality of being spiked like ears of corn; fulness of 
ears. Diet. 
To SPFCULATE*, spik'-kft-late. v. a. [spicule, hat.] 
To make sharp at the point. Mason. 



SPI 



SPI 



—nA, move, nor, not ; — tube, tftb, bull 5— Ml ;— pound ;— thin, thjs. 



Mil- 



SPI CY, spi -se. a. [from Sptc«.l Producing spice ; 
abounding- with aromaticks. Milton. Aiomatick ; 
having the qualities of spiee. Arbuthwt. 

SPFDERf, spl'-dor. 98. n.s. The animal that spins 
a web lor flies. Shakspeare. 

SPi DERCATCHER. spl'-dur-katsh'-ftr. n.s. A 
bird. 

SPI DERLIKE.spl'-dur-llke. a. Resembling- a spi- 
der in shape or quality. Shakspeare. 

SPPDERWORT, spl'-'dur-wurt. n. s. A plant 

SPIGNEL. SeeSpicKNEL. 

SPIGOT, spig'-ut. 166. n.s. [spijeker, Dutch.] A 
pin or peg put into the faucet to keep in the liquor. 
Shakspeare. 

SPIKE §, spike, r?. s. [spica, Lat.] An ear of corn. 
Denham. A long nail of iron or wood ; a long rod 
of iron sharpened: so called from its similitude to 
an ear of corn, [spik, Su. Goth.] Bacon. 

SPJKE, spike, n.s. A smaller species of lavender. 

mi. 

To SPIKE, spike, v. a. To fasten with long nails. 
Moron. To set with spikes. Wise?nan. To make 
shnrp at the end. 
SPI KED*, splkt, or spl'-ked. a. Having ears, or 

iiu>se parts which contain seeds. Mason. 
SPPKENARD, splke'-nard. n. s. [spica nardi, Lat.] 
A plant, and the oil or balsam produced from the 
plant. Hill. 

{tCr* Mr. Elphinston is the only orthoepist who pronounces 
the i short in this word; Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. 
Perry, W. Johnston, and Buchanan, preserve it long, as 
in spike : and, though I am well aware of the common 
idiom of our pronunciation to shorten the simple in the 
compound, (see Knowledge.) yet I think this idiom 
ought not to be sought afjer, when not established by 
custom. TV. 

SPIKY*, spl'-ke. a. Having a sharp point. Dyer. 

SPILL, spill, n. s. [spijlen, Dutch.] A small shiver 
of wood, or thin bar of iron. Carew. A small 
quantity of money. Ayliffe. 
To SPILL §, spill, v. a. [rpiHan, Sax. ; spillen, Dutch.] 
To shed; to lose by shedding. Shak. To destroy; 
to mischief. Sidney. To throw awav. Tickell. 
To SPILL, spill, v. n. To waste ; to be lavish. Sid- 
ney. To be shed ; to be lost bv being shed. Walls. 

SPILLER, spiF-lur. n. s. A kind of fishing line. 
C arete. 

SPILT*, spilt, part. a. Variegated. Spenser. 

SPILTH. spiUh. n. s. Any thing poured out or wast- 
ed. ShoJcspeare. 

To SPIN §, spin. r. a. preter. spun or span ; part. 
spun, [sjrinnan, Goth. ; ppmnan, Sax. ; spirinen, 
Germ, and Dutch.] To draw out into threads. 
Exod. xxxv. To form threads by drawing out and 
twisting any filamentous matter. Shak. To pro- 
tract ; to draw out. Addison. To form by degrees ; 
to draw out tediously. Digby. To put into a turn- 
ing motion, as a boy's lop. 

To SPIN. spin. v. n. To exercise the art of spinning, 
or drawing threads. More, [spingare, Ital.] To 
stream out in a thread or small current. Drayton. 
To move round as a spindle. Milton. 

SPPNACH, spin'-nHsh. )n.s. [spinachia, Lat.] 

SPI'NAGE, sp'm'-nldje. 90. \ A plant. MiUer. 

SPI'NAL, spi -nal. 88. a. [spina, Lat.] Belonging to 
the back bone. Brown. 

SPINDLES, spin'-dl. 405. n.s. [ppmbl. ppinbel, 
Sax.] The pin by which the thread is formed, and 
on which it is conglomerated. Bacm. A Jong, ) 
slender stalk. Mortimer. Any thing render. Drij- 
den. 

To SPPNDLE, spfn'-dl. v. n. To shoot into a long, 
small stalk. Bacon. 

SPINDLELEGGED* spin'-dl-legd. ? 

SPPNDLESHANKED, spin'-dl-shaugkt. \ a ' 
Having small legs. Taller. 

SPI NDLETREE, spin'-dl-tree. n. s. Prickwood. A 
plant. Evelyn. 

SPINE, spine, n. s. [spina, Lat.] The back bone. 
Wiseman. 

SPINE* spine, n. s. [espine, Fr. ; spina, Lat.] A 
thorn. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
109 



SPPNEL, spl'-n^l. n.s. A sort of mineral. Wooa- 

weird. 
SPINET, spuY-net. 11. s. [espinette, Fr/] A small 

harpsichord ; an instrument with keys. Swift. 
SPI .NET*. spin'-neL n.s. [spinetum, Lat.] A small 

wood ; a place where briers and bushes grow. B 

Jonson. 
SPINl'FEROUS, spl-nlf-fer-fis. a. [spina and J em 

Lat.J Bearing thorns. 
SPINK, spjnk. n.s. A finch; a bird. Harte. 
SIT NNER, spin'-niV. 98. n.s. One skilled in spin 

ning. Graunt. A garden spider with long jointed 

legs. Shak. The common spider that spins webs 

for flies. Juatinier. 
SPANNING Wheel, spfn'-ulng-hweel. n. s. The 

wheel by which, since the disuse of the rock, the 

thread is drawn. Gay. 
SPI'NNY, spin'-ne. a. Small ; slender. Mortimer. 
SPINO SITY, spi-nds'-se-te. n. s. Crabbedness ; 

thornv or briery perplexity. More. 
SPINOUS,, spl'-nus. 314. a. [spinosus, Lat.] Thorny; 

full of thorns. 
SPPNSTER, sp?ns'-tur. 98. n. s. A woman that 

spins. Shak. [In law.] The general term for a girl 

or maiden woman. Sir E. Coke. 
SPI'NSTRY, spW-tre. n.s. The work of spinning. 

Milton. • 
SPINY, spl'-ne. a. [spina. Lat.] Thorny; briery: 

oerplexea ; difficult; troublesome. Digby. 
SPI RAGLE, spir'-a-kl. 109. [spir'-a-kl, Jones, Ful- 
ton and Knight ; spl'-ra-kl, Sheridan and Perry .] 

n. s. [spiraculum, Lat.] A breathing hole ; a vent ; 

a small aperture. Woodicard. 
#3= I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the quantity of 
the i in the first syllable of this word, because I think 
the same antepenultimate accent, which shortens the 
in oracle, and the i in miracle, ought to have the same 
influence in the word in question. 503. TV. 

SPI'RAL$, spi'-ral. 88. a. [Fr.] Curve; winding; 
circularly involved, like a screw. Ray. 

SPP RALLY, spl'-ral-e. ad. In a spiral form. Ray. 

SPIRA'TION, spe-ra'-shfin. n. s. [spiratio, Lat.] 
Breathing. Barrow. 

SPIRE f. spire, n. s. [old Fr. ; spira, ltal. and Lat.] 
A curve line; any thing wreathed or contorted, 
every wreath being in a different plane ; a curl ; a 
Iwist; a wreath. Milton. Anything growing up 
toper ; a round pyramid, so called, perhaps, because 
a line drawn round and round in less and less cir- 
cles, would be a spire ; a steeple. Milton. The top 
or uppermost point. Shakspeare. 

To SPIRE, spire, r. n. To shoot up pyramidicalJy. 
Drayton, [spiro, Lat.] To breathe. 

To SPIRE*, spire. ?•. a. To shoot forth. Spenser 



plrd. a. Having a steeple or spire. Ma- 



1 SPIRED* 

son. 
SPPRITsS spir'-lt. 109. n. s. [spiritus, Lat.] Breath ; 
wind. Bacon, [esprit, Fr.] An immaterial sub- 
stance ; an intellectual being. Locke. The soul of 
man. Eccl. xii. An apparition. St. Luke, xxiv. 
Temper; habitual disposition of mind. Milton. 
Ardour; courage; elevation; vehemence of mind. 
Shak. Genius ; vigour of mind. Spenser. Turn 
of mind; power of mind, moral or intellectual. Shak. 
Intellectual powers, distinct from the body. Claren- 
don. Sentiment ; perception. Shak. Eagerness; 
desire. South. Man of activity; man of life, fire, 
and enterprise. Sluxk. Persons distinguished by 
qualities of" the mind. White. That which gives 
vigour or cheerfulness to the mind ; the purest part 
of the body, bordering, says Sydenham, on immate- 
riality. In this meaning it is commonly written 
with the plural termination. Shak. Characteristi- 
cal likeness; essential qualities. Wotton. Any 
thing eminently pure and refined. Shak. Tha't 
which hath power or energy. South. An inflam- 
mable liquor raised by distillation; as brandy, rum. 
Boide. Mark to denote an aspirated pronunciation. 
Dalgarno. It may be oDserved, that in the old po- 
ets spirit was a monosyllable, and therefore was 
often written sprite, or, less property, sprigM. 
Spenser. 

865 



SPI 



SPL 



03= 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, p!n ;— 



55° The general sound of the first i in this word and all 
its compounds was, till lately, the sound of e in merit: 
but a very laudable attention to propriety has nearly 
restored the i to its true sound : and now spirit., sound- 
ed as if written sperit, begins to grow vulgar.— See 
Principles, No. 108, 109, 110, and the word Miracle. 
Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, and Mr. Smith, have given 
into this false sound of i, 109 ; but Dr. Kenriek. Mr. 
Scott, and Mr. Perry, [Jones, Fulton and Knight,] have 
given it the true sound; and Mr. Nares very justly 
thinks that this word, miracle, and cistern, are now 
more frequently and properly heard with the short 
sound of i. W. 

To SPFRIT, spir'-It. v. a. To animate or actuate as 

a spirit, [spiritato, Ital.]* MilLon f To excite ; to 

animate; to encourage; to invigorate to action. 

Temple. To draw ; to entice. Brown. 

SPFRIT ALLY, spir'-lt-al-le. ad. [spiritus, Lat.] By 

means of the breath. Holder. 
SPIRITED, splrMt-§d. a. Lively ; vivacious ; full 

of fire. Pope. * 

SPIRITEDLY*, splr'-lt-gd-le. ad. In a lively or 

strong manner. 
SPFR1TEDNESS, sp?r'-it-gd-nes. n. s. Disposition 

or make of mind. Addison. 
SPFRITFUL*, spV-it-fuI. a. Lively ; full of spirit. 

Ash. 
SPFRITFULLY*, splr'-ii-f ul-le. ad. €n a sprightly 

or lively manner. 
SPFRITFULNESS, sp?r'-it-ful-nes. n. s. Spright- 

liness ; liveliness. Harvey. 
SPIRITLESS, splr'-ft-les. a. Dejected ; low ; de- 
prived of vigour ; wanting courage ; depressed. 
Milton. Having no breath ; extinct. Greenhill. 
SPIRITLESSLY*, spir'-.t-les-le. ad. Without spir- 
it; without exertion. More. 
SPFRITLESSNESS*,spir'-lt-les-ngs. n.s. Slate of 

being spiritless. 
SPFRITOUS, spir'-it-us. a. Refined; defecated 
advanced near to spirit. Milton. Fine ; ardent 
active. Smith. 
SPFRITOUSNESS, splr'-it-us-nes. n. s. Fineness 

and activity of parts. Boyle. 
SPFRITUA'L, spV-it-tshuyal. 461. a. [spiritual, Fr. 
Distinct from matter; immaterial; incorporeal 
Bacon. Mental ; intellectual. Milton. Not gross 
refined from external things ; relative only to the 
mind. Calamy. Not temporal ; relating to the 
things of heaven ; ecclesiastical. Hooker. 
SPFRITUALIST*,sprr'-it-tshu : al-1st. n.s. One who 
professes regard to spiritual things only ; one whose 
employment is spiritual. Hallywell. 
SPIRITUALITY, spir-it-tshu-al'-e-te. n. s. Incor- 
poreity ; immateriality ; essence, distinct from mat- 
ter. Raleigh. Intellectual nature. South, [spirit- 
ualite. Fr.] Acts independent of the body ; pure 
acts of the soul ; mental refinement. South. That 
which belongs to any one as an ecclesiaslick. Ay- 
Me. 
SPIRITUALTZA'TION, splr-lt-tshu-al-e-za'-shun. 
n. s. The act of spiritualizing. [In chymistry.] The 
action of extracting spirits from natural bodies. 
Chambers. 
To SPFRITUALIZE, sp?r'-it-tshu-al-lze. v. a. [spir- 
itualiser, Fr.] To refine the intellect ; to purify from 
the feeulencies of the world. Hammond. To ex- 
tract spirits from natural bodies. Clmmbers. 
SPIRITUALLY, spV-lt-tshu-al-le. ad. Without cor- 
poreal grossness ; with attention to things purely 
intellectual. Bp. Taylor. 
SPFRITUALTY, spir'-it-tshu-al-te. n. s. Ecclesias- 
tical body. Sliakspeare. Ob. T. 
SPFRITUOUS, splr'-lt-tshu-Ss. a. [spiriteux, Fr.] 
Having the quality of spirit, tenuity, and activity of 
parts. Arbuthnot. Lively; gay; vivid; airy: ap- 
plied both to persons and things. Wotton. Ardent; 
inflammable : as, spirituous liquors. 
SPIRITUO SITY, sp?r-it-tshu-os'-se-te. 511. ) 
SPFRITUOUSNESS. spV-it-tshu-us-nes. \ n - s - 
The quality of being spirituous ; tenuity and activity. 
To SPIRT §, spurt. 108. v.n. [rpytan, Sax.] To 
spring out in a sudden stream ; to stream out by 
intervals. Bacon. 



To SPIRT, spSrt. v. a. To throw out in a jet. Dryd 

SPIRT, spurt, n. s. Sudden ejection. Sudden and 
short effort ; a fit. Old Morality of Lusty Juventus. 

To SPFRTLE, spfirt'-tl. 405. v. a. To shoot scatter- 
ing!}' • Dratyton. 

SPFRY, spl'-re. a. Pyramidal. Pope. Wreathed ; 
curled. Dryden. 

SPISS§, spls. a. [spissus, Lat.] Close; firm; thick. 
Brerewood. Ob. J. 

SPFSSITUDE, spis'-se-tude. n. s. Grossness ; thick- 
ness. Bacon. 

SPIT §, spit. n. s. [rpitu, Sax. ; spit, Dutch.] A long 
prong on which meat is driven to be turned before 
the fire. Slmk. Such a depth of earth as is pierc- 
ed by one action of the spade. Mortimer. 

To SPIT, spit. v. a. preterit spat ; participle pass. 
spit, or spitted, [speten, Teut.] To put upon a spit. 
Sliakspeare. To thrust through. Dryden. 

To SPIT §, spit.n a. []-psefcan, ]-pifcfcan, Sax.] To 
eject from the mouth. Sliakspeare. 

To SPIT, spit. v. n. To throw out spittle or moisture 
of the mouth. St. John, ix. 

SPIT*, spit, n.s.^ What is thrown from the mouth. 

SPFTAL, splt'-tal. n. s. [corrupted from hospital.] A 
charitable foundation. South. See Spittle. 

QO" The a in all these words [spital, hospital, and Spital- 
jields] has a tendency to sink its sound, and to confound 
them with spittle. In the last of these words this ten- 
dency is incurable; but in the two first it would be far 
from pedantick to preserve the sound of the a as in med- 
al. Dr. Johnson seems to depart from etymology in doub- 
ling the t [altered by Todd] in these words. W. 

To SPFTCHCOCK, spitsh'-k&k. v. a. To split an 
eel in two, longwise, and broil it. King. 

SPFTCHCOCK*, spitsh'-kok. n. s. An eel spitch- 
cocked. Decker. 

SPITE §, spite, n. s. [spiji, Dutch desjnt, Fr.] Mal- 
ice ; rancour ; hate ; malignity ; malevolence. Sid- 
ney. — Spite of, or in spile of. Notwithstanding; in 
defiance of. Cliapman. 

To SPITE, spite, v. a. To mischief; to treat mali- 
ciously ; to vex ; to thwart malignantly. Sliakspeare. 
To fill with spite ; to offend. Sidney, 

SPFTEFUL, splle'-ful. a. Malicious; malignant. 
Hooker. 

SPFTEFULLY. splte'-f ul-e. ad. Maliciously ; ma- 
lignantly. Waller. 

SPFTEFULNESS, sphe'-ful-ngs. n. s. Malice; ma- 
lignity ; desire of vexing. Keil. 

SPPTTED, splt'-ted. a. Shot out into length. Bacon. 

SPFTTER, sp?t'-t&r. 98. n.s. One who puts meat on 
a spit. One who spits with his mouth. Huloet. A 
young deer. Barret. 

SPFTTLE §, spit'-tl. 405. n. s. [corrupted from hos- 
pital.] A kind of hospital ; a place for the reception 
of sick and diseased persons. B. Jonson. Better 
written spital, which see. 

SPFTTLE, splt'-tl. n. s. |>par;l, Sax.] Moisture of 
the mouth ; the saliva. Ray. 

SPFTTLY*, spit'-le. a. Slimy ; full of spittle. Cot- 
gram. 

SPFTVENOM, sprt'-ven-um. n. s. Poison ejected 
from the mouth. Hooker. 

SPLANCHNOLOGY, splansh-n6l'-6-je. n. s. 
[(nrX«y^ya and \6yos-] A treatise or description 
of the bowels. Diet. 

To SPLASH §, splash, v. a. [plaska, Swed.] To daub 
with dirt in great quantities. Prior. 

SPLASH*, splash, n. s. Wet or dirt thrown up from a 
puddle, mire, or the like. 

SPLASHY, splash'-e. a. Full of dirty water; apt to 

daub. 
To SPLAY, spla. v. a. To dislocate or break a horse's 

shoulder-bone. 
To SPLAY §*, spla. v. a. For display. Mir. for Mag. 

SPLAY*, spla. a. Displayed ; spread ; turned out- 
ward. Sidney. 

SPLA' YFOOT, spla'-f fit. )a. Having the 

SPLA'YFOOTE*D*, spla'-f ut-ed. ] foot turned out- 
ward. Machin. 

SPLA'YMOUTH, spla'-mdfitfi. n. s. Mouth widen> 
ed by design. Dnjden. 

866 



SPL 



SPO 



— in'), move, ndr, ndt ; — tiSbe, tub, bull 5 — ATI ; — pduncl ;—tli\n, THis. 



SPLEENS, spleen, n.s. [s}>len, Lat. ; crtrX»)v, Gr.J 
The mill ; one of the viscera, supposed the seat of 1 
answer, melancholy, and mirth. Wiseman. Anffetji 
spite ; ill-humour. Chapman. A lit of anger. Shak. 
Inconstancy ; caprice. Shot. A sudden motion 5 
a fit. Sh.afc. Melancholy ; hypochondriacal va- 
pours. Blachnore. Immoderate merriment. Shak. 

SPLE'ENED, spleend. 359. a. Deprived of the spleen. 
Arbtithnoi. 

SPLEENFUL, spleeu'-ful. a. Angry; peevish ; fret- 
ful ; melancholy. Shakspeare. 

SPLE'ENISH*. See Splenish. 

SPLE ENLESS, splcen'-les. a. Kind 5 gentle ; mild. 
Chapman. Oh. J. 

SPLE'ENWORT, spleen'-wurt. n.s. [spleen and 
wort.] Miltwaste : a plant. Miller. 

SPLE'ENY, spleen'-e. a. Angry ; peevish ; humor- 
ous. Shakspeare. 

SPLE'NDENT, splen'-dent. a. [splerulens, Lat.] 
Shining; glossy; having lustre. Brown. Emi- 
nentlv conspicuous. Wotton. 

SPLENDID^, splen'-did. a. [splendidus, Lat.] 
Showy ; magnificent ; sumptuous ; pompous. Milt. 

SPLENDIDLY, splen'-did-le. ad. Magnificently j 
snmptuouslv ; poinpouslv. Bp. Taylor. 

SPLENDOURS, splen'-d&r. 314. n.s. [splendeur, 
Fr. ; splendor, Lat.] Lustre ; power of shining. 
Bacon. Magnificence; pomp. South. 

SPLE NDROLS*. splen'-drus. a. Having splendour. 
Drauton. Ob. T. 

SPLENE'TICAL. sple-neV-e-kal. )a. [splenetique , 

SPLE'NETICK*, splen'-e-tik. 510. S Fr.] Troubled 
with the spleen ; fretful ; peevish. Wotton. 

SPLE'NETICK*, splen'-e-tik. 71. s. A splenetick 
person. Tatler. 

SPLE'NICK, splen'-lk. 508. a. [splenique, Fr.] Be- 
loagbig to the spleen. Harvey. 

SPLENISH, splen'-lsh. a. Fretful ; peevish. Dray- 
ton. 

l)^f Dr. Johnson has received this word without any re- 
mark upon the impropriety of its formation. To turn 
a Latin noun into an English adjective by the addition 
of ish, is false heraldry in language: especially as we 
have the English word spleen, from which it might 
have been formed with so much more propriety: but to 
pronounce the c long, as Mr. Sheridan has done, is add- 
ing absurdity to errour. W. 

SPLE'NITIVE,splen'-e-tiv. 512. a. Hot ; fiery ; pas- 
sionate. Shakspeare. Oh. J. 
SPLENT, splent. n. s. [or perhaps splint ; spinella, 
Ital.l A callous, hard substance, or an insensible 
swelling, which breeds on or adheres to the shank- 
bone of' a horse, and, when it grows big, spoils the 
shape of the leg. Farrier's Diet. A splint or 
splinter. 
To SPLICE, spllse. v. a. [splissen, Dutch ; plico, 
Lat.] To join the two ends of a rope without a 
knot. 
SPLINT $, splint, n. s. [splinter. Tent.] A fragment 
of wood in general. A thin piece of wood or other 
matter used by chirurgeons to hold the bone newly 
set in its place. Wiseman. 
To SPLINT, splint, v. a. To shiver ; to tear asun- 
der ; to break into fragments. Florio. To secure 
bv splints. Shakspeare. 
SPLINTER, splint^-ur. 98. n.s. [splinter, Teut.] A 
fragment of any thing broken with violence. Bacon. 
A thin piece of wood. G~ew. 
To SPLl'NTER, splinl'-fir. v. a. To shiver ; to break 
into fragments. To secure by splints ; to support. 
Shakspeare. 
To SPLl'NTER, spllnt'-ur. v. n. To be broken into 
fragments ; to be shivered. Woodland Companion. 
To SPLITS, split, v. a. pret. and part. pass, split, 
[splijten, splitben, Teut.] To cleave; to rive ; to di- 
vide longitudinally in two. Shale. To divide ; to 
part. Watts. To dash and break on a rock. De- 
cay of Chr. Piety. To divide ; to break into dis- 
cord. South. 
To SPLIT, split, v. n. To burst in sunder ; to crack ; 
to suffer disruption. Boyle. To burst with laughter. 
Pope. To be broken against rocks. Sliakspeare. 



SPLI'TTER, splu'-tur. 98. n. s. One who splits. 
Swift. 

SPLUTTER; splut'-tflr. n. s. [perhaps a corruption 

of sputter,] I iustle ; tumult. 
To SPLUTTER*, splot'-tur. v.n. To speak hastily 

and con fused by. Carleton. 
To SPOILS, sp6il. 299. v. a. [spolio, Lat. : spoiler, 
Fr.] To seize by robbery ; to take away by force. 
Heb. x. To plunder ; to strip of goods. Knolles. 
To corrupt ; to mar ; to make useless. [This is 
properly spilt; ypillan, Sax.] Col. ii. 
To SPOIL, spoil, v. n. To practise robbery or plun- 
der. Ps. xliv. To grow useless ; to be corrupted. 
Locke. 
SPOIL, spdil. n. s. [spolium, Lat.] That which is 
taken by violence ; that which is taken from an en- 
emy ; plunder ; pillage ; booty. Sliak. That which 
is gained by strength or effort. Bentley. That 
which is taken from another. Milton. The act of 
robbery ; robbery ; waste. Sliak. Corruption ; 
cause of corruption. Shak. The slough ; the cast- 
off skin of a serpent. Bacon. 
SPO'ILER, sp6il'-ur. 98. n. s. A robber ; a plunder- 
er ; a pillager. J5. Jonson. One who mars or cor- 
rupts any thing. 
SPO'ILFUL, spdil'-f&l. a. Wasteful; rapacious. 

Spenser. 
SPOKE, sp6ke. n. s. [j*pac, -j-paca, Sax. ; sjmche, 
Germ. ; spaecke, Teut.] The bar of a wheel that 
passes from the nave to the felloe. Shakspeare. The 
spar of a ladder. Lovelace. 
SPOKE, sp6ke. The preterit of speak. Sprat. 
SPO'KEN, sp6'-k'n. 103. Participle pass, of speak. 

2 Kings, iv. 
SPOKESMAN, spdks'-man. 88. n. s. One who 

speaks for another. Ex. iv. 
To SPO'LIATE §, sp6'-le-ate. v. a. [spolio, Lat.] To 

rob ; to plunder. Diet. 
SPOLIATION, sp6-le-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; spoliatio, 

Lat.] The act of robberv or privation. Ayliffe. 
SPONDA'ICAL*, spon-da'-e-kal. ) a. Belonging to 
SPONDA'ICK^sp&n-da'-ik. $ a spondee; 

like a spondee. Ferrand. 
SPO'NDEE, sp&n'-de. n.s. [spondee, Fr. ; spondceus, 

Lat.] A foot of two long syllables. Broome. 
SPO'NDYLE, sp&n'-dil. n.s. [cirovtvXos, Gr.; spon- 
dylus, Lat.] A vertebre ; a joint of the spine. Bp. 
Taylor. 
SPONGES, spfinje. 165. n. s. [spongia, Lat. ; fpon- 
£ea, Sax.] A soft, porous substance, supposed by 
some the nidus of animals. It is remarkable for 
sucking up water. Bacon. 
To SPONGE, spunje. v. a. To blot ; to wipe away 
as with a sponge. Hooker. To cleanse with a 
sponge : applied to the act of cleansing cannon. 
To drain ; to squeeze ; to harass by extortion 
South. To gain by mean arts. Swift. 
To SPONGE, spunje. v. n. To suck in as a sponge 
to live by mean arts ; to hang on others for main 
tenance. L' Estrange. 
SPO'NGER^spun'-jur. 98. n. s. One who hangs for 

a maintenance on others. L' Estrange. 
SPO'NGINESS, spun'-je-nes. n. s. Softness and ful- 
ness of cavities like a sponge. Fuller. 
SPO'NGIOUS, spCtn'-je-us. 314. a. [spongieux, Fr.] 

Full of small cavities like a sponge. Cheyne. 
SPO'NGY, spun'-je. a. Soft and full of small intersti- 
tial holes. Bacon. Wet : drenched ; soaked ; full 
like a sponge. Slxakrpeare. Having the quality of 
imbibing. 
SPO'NSAL, spon'-sal. a. [sponsalis, Lat.] Relating 

to marriage. 
SPONSION, spon'-shun. n. s. [sponsio, Lat.] The 

act of becoming a surety. Napleton. 
SPO'NSOR, spdn'-s&r. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A surety ; 
one who makes a promise or gives security for an- 
other . Ayliffe. 
SPONTANEITY, spon-ta-ne'-e-te. n.s. [spantanei- 
tas, school Lat. ; spontaneiti, Fr.] Voluntariness ; 
willingness ; accord uncompelled. Bramhall. 
SPONTANEOUS §, s P 6n-ta'-ne-&s. a. [spontane'e, 
Fr. ; from sponte, Lat.] Voluntary ; not compelled , 
867 



SPO 



SPR 



ID 3 559.—Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, m<k ;— pine, pin j 



acting without compulsion or restraint ; acting- ji 
itself: acting of its own accord. Hak. 
SPONTANEOUSLY, sp&n-ta'-ne-as-le. ad. Volun- 
tarily: of its own accord. Bentley. 
SPONTA/NEOUSNESS, sp6n-ta / -ne-os-nes. 314. 
n. s. Voluntariness ; freedom of will 5 accord un- 
forced. Hale. 
SPONTOON* spon-tSon'. n.s. [esponton, Fr.] A 
military weapon, a kind of half-pike, or halberd. 
Murphy. 
SPOOL, spool. 306. n. s. [spule, Germ. ; spohl, Dut.] 
A small piece of cane or reed, with a knot at each 
end ; or a piece of wood turned in that form to wind 
yam upon ; a quill. 
To SPOOM, spoom. 306. v. n. To go on swiftly : a 

sea term. Dryden. 
SPOON §, spodn. 306. n. s. [spaen, Dutch ; spone, 
Danish ; sponn, Icel.] A concave vessel with a 
handle, used in eating liquids. Shakspeare. 
To SPOON, spodn. v. n. In sea language, is when a 
ship, being under sail in a storm, cannot bear it, but 
is obliged to put right before the wind. Bailey. 
SPOONBILL, spSon'-bm. n. s. A bird. Greiv. 
SPOONFUL, spOou'-ful. n. s. As much as is gene- 
rally taken at once in a spoon. A medical spoon- 
ful is half an ounce. Bacon Any small quantity 
of liquid. Arbuthnot. 
SPO'ONMEAT, spoon'-mete. 71. s. Liquid food ; 

nourishment taken with a spoon. Wisemaii. 
SPO ONWORT, sp66n'-wcirt. n.. s. Scurvygrass. 

Harte. 
SPORA / DICAL,sp6-rad / -e-kal.a. [cTropatiiKos.'] Op- 
posed to epidemical : in medicine. Arbuthnot. 
SPORT §, sport, n. s. [spott, Icel.] Play ; diversion ; 
game; frolick and tumultuous merriment. Sidney. 
Mock 5 contemptuous mirth. Tillotson. That with 
which one plays. Milton. Play ; idle jingle. 
Broome. Diversion of the field, as of fowling, hunt- 
ing, fishing. Shakspeare. 
To SPOR1 , sp6rt. j). a. To divert ; to make merry. 
Sidney. To represent by any kind of play. Dry- 
den, 
To SPORT, sport, v.n. To play; to frolick; to 

game; to wanton. Milton. To trifle. Tillotson. 
SPO'RTER*, sp6rt / -ur. n. s. One who sports. Sher- 

icood. 
SPO'RTFUL, spdrt'-flU a. Merry; frolick ; wanton; 
acting in jest. Shak. Ludicrous ; done in jest. 
Wotton. 
SPO'RTFULLY. s P 6rt / -ful-e. ad. Wantonly ; mer- 
rily. Herbert. 
SPQ'RTFULNESS, spirl'-ful-ngs. n.s. Wanton- 
ness; play; merriment; frolick. Sidney. 
SPO RTINGLY*, sp6rt / -fng-le. ad. In jest ; in sport. 

Hammond. 
SPO'RTIVE, spor'-tfv. a. Gay; merry; frolick; 

wanton ; playful ; ludicrous. Sliakspeare. 
SPORTIVENESS, sp6r / -uv-nes. n. s. Gayety ; 

play; wantonness. Walton. 
SPO'RTLESS*, spirt'-les. a. Joyless; sad. F. 

Fletcher. 
SPO'RTSMAN, sporls'-man. n. s. One who pur- 
sues the recreations of the field. Addison. 
SPO'RTULARY $*, sp6r / -tshu-lar-e. a. [sportulare, 
low Lat.] Subsisting on alms or charitable contri- 
butions. Bp. Hall. 
SPO'RTULE, spdr'-tshule. 461. n.s. [sportula, Lat.] 

An alms; a dole. Ayliffe. 
SPOT§, sp&t. n.s. [spette, Dan. ; spo'te, Flem.] A 
blot ; a mark made by discoloration. Mihon. A 
taint; a disgrace; a reproach ; a fault. Pope. A 
scandalous woman, a disgrace to her sex. Sliak. 
A small extent of place. Milton. Any particular 
place. Otway. A kind of pigeon. — Upon the spot. 
Immediately ; without changing place. Swift. 
To SPOT, spot. v. a. To mark with discolorations ; 
to maculate. Sliak. To patch by way of orna- 
ment. Addison. To corrupt; to disgrace; to taint. 
Sidney. 
SPOTLESS, spSt'-les. a. Free from spots. Free 
from reproach or impurity; immaculate; pure; 
untainted. Sltakspeare. 



SPO'TLESSNESS*, sp6t'-les-nes. n. s. State or 

quality of being spotless. Donne. 
SPOTTER, spStMfir. 98. n.s. One that spots; one 

that maculates. 
SPOTTINESS*, spot'-te-nSs. n. s. State or quality 

of being spotty. 
SPOTTY, spot'-te. a. Full of spots; maculated. 

Milton. 
SPOU'SAGE* spoiV-fdje. n. s. Act of espousing. 

Bale. 
SPOU'SAL, spSu'-zal. 99. a. Nuptial ; matrimonial; 

conjugal ; connubial ; bridal. Shakspeare. 
SPOU'SAL, spdu'-zal. n. s. [espoi/sailles , Fr. ; spon- 

salia, Lat.] Marriage ; nuptials. Shakspeare. 
SPOUSE §, spouze. 313. n. s. [spcnsa, sponsus, Lat. ; 
espouse, Fr.] One joined in marriage ; a husband 
or wife. Shakspeare. 
To SPOUSE*, spfifize. v. a. To espouse ; to wed ; to 

join together as in matrimony. Chaucer. 
SPOUSELESS, spfiuzMes. a. Wanting a husband 

or wife. Pope. 
SPOUT §, spdfit. 313. n. s. [spuyt, Teut.] A pipe, 
or mouth of a pipe or vessel out of which any thing 
is poured. Shak. Water falling in a body; a cat- 
aract, such as is seen in the hot climates when 
clouds sometimes discharge all their water at once. 
Burnet. 
To SPOUT, spout. 313. v. a. [spuyten, Teut.] To 
pour with violence, or in a collected body, as from 
a spout. Shak. To pour out words with affected 
grandeur ; to mouth. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To SrOUT, spdut. v. n. To issue as from a spout. 

Sidney. 
SPRACK*. a. See Sprag. 
SPRAG, sprag. a. Vigorous ; sprightly. Shakspeare. 

A provincial word. 
SPRAG*, sprag. n. s. A young salmon. Grose. 
To SPRAIN $, sprane. 202. v. a. [corrupted from 
strain, or from the Swedish spraenga.~] To stretch 
the ligaments of a joint without dislocation of the 
bone. Gay. 
SPRAIN, sprane. n.s. Extension of ligaments with- 
out dislocation of the joint. Temple. 
SPRA1NTS, sprints, n.s. The dung of an otter. 
SPRANG, sprang. The preterit of spring. Tillotson. 
SPRAT, sprat, n.s. [sprot, Dutch.] A small sea-fish. 

Sidney. 
To SPRAWL, sprawl, v. n. [spradle, Dan. ; spar- 
telen, Dutch.] To struggle as in the convulsions of 
death. Shak, To tumble, or creep with much agi- 
tation and contortion of the limbs. L' Estrange. 
SPRAY, spra. 220. n. s. [of the same race with 
sprig.] The extremity of a branch. Spenser. The 
foam of the sea : commonly written spry. Arbuthnot. 
To SPREAD §, sprgd. 234. v. a. []-ppa?ban, Sax. ; 
spreyden, Teut.] To extend ; to expand ; to make 
to cover or fill a larger space than before. Gen. ' 
xxxiii. To cover by extension. Granville. To 
cover over. Is. xl. To stretch ; to extend. 1 Kings, 
viii. To publish; to divulge; to disseminate. St. 
Matt. ix. To emit as effluvia or emanations. Milt. 
To SPREAD, spr£d. v. n. To extend or expand it- 
self. Bacon. 
SPREAD, spr£d. n. s. Extent ; compass. Addison. 

Expansion of parts. Bacon. 
SPRE'ADER, sprgd'-ur. 98. n. s. One that spreads 
Hooker. Publisher ; divulger ; disseminator. Swift. 
One that expands or extends. Wotton. 
SPREADING*, spred'-mg. n.s. Act of extending' 

or expanding. Job, xxxvi. 
SPRENT, sprent. part . [pppengan, j*ppenan, Sax.] 

Sprinkled. Sidney. Ob. J. 
SPREY*. a. Spruce. See Spruce. 
SPRIG §, sprfg. n. s. [spricka, Swed.] A small 
branch ; a spray. Bacon. A brad or nail without 
a head. 
To SPRIG*, sprfg. v. n. To mark with small 

branches ; to w^rk in sprigs. Ash. 
SPRIG Crystal, sprfg'-krfs-tal. n. s. Crystal found 
in form of an hexangular column, adhering at one 
end to the stone, and near the other lessening grad- 
ually, till it terminates in a point. Woodicard. 



SPR 



SPR 



—no, niOve, ndr, n6t;— tube, tftb, bull; — (Hi ;— pdund ;— r/iin, THis. 



SPRFGGY. sprig -ge. 33;3.a. Full of small branches. 

wood. 
SPRIGHT$, sprite. 393. ;*. s. [contraction of spirit.] 
Spirit; t'hadcj soui; incorporeal agent. Sptnaer'. 
Walking spirit; apparition. Locke, Power which 
gives cheerfulness or courage. Sidney. An arrow. 
Bacon. See Spirit and Sprite. 
To SPRIGHT, sprite, r. a. To haunt as a spright. 

Shaitff&ke. 
SPRIGHTFUL. sprite -fiil. a. Lively ; brisk ; gay J 

vigorous. Shakspeare. 
SPRI GHTFULLY, sprite'-ffll-e. ad. Briskly; vig- 
orous! v. Shakspeare. 
SPRPGHTFULNESS*, sprlte'-ful-nes. n.s. Spright- 

liness : gavety; vivacitv. Hammond. 
SPRI GITFLESS, sprlte'-les. a. Dull; enervated} 

piuggish. Marston. 
SPRI GHTLINESS, sprlte'-le-nes. n.s. Liveliness; 

briskness; vigour; gavety: vivacitv. Addison. 
SPRIGHTLY, sprite' -le. 'a. Gay ; brisk ; lively ; 

vigorous; airy; vivacious. Dryden. 
To isPRING §. spring, v. n. pret". sprung or sprajig, 
anciently sprong ; part, sprung. [rpriin^an^Sax. ; 
sprin ceil, Dutch.] To arise out of the "-round and 
grow by vegetative power. Skat. To beg^in to 
grow. Ray. To proceed as from seed. 2 Kings. 
To come into existence ; to issue forth. Shak. To 
arise ; to appear; to begin to appear or to exist. 
Judges. To issue with effect or force. Pope. To 
proceed, as from ancestors, or a country. Heh. vii. 
To proceed, as from a ground, cause, or reason. 
Milton. To grow ; to thrive. Dry den. To bound 3 
to leap; to jump ; to rush hastily; to appear sud- 
denly. Shak. To fly with elastick power ; to start. 
Mortimer. To rise from a covert. Ota-ay. To is- 
sue from a fountain. Gen. xxvi. To proceed as 
from a source. Dryden. To shoot; to issue with 
speed and violence. Dryden. 
To SPRING, spring. 409. v. a. To start; to rouse 
game. Donne. To produce quickly or unexpectedly. 
Dryden. To make by starting, applied to a ship. 
Dryden. To discharge, applied to a mine. Toiler. 
To contrive on a sudden ; to produce hastily ; to 
offer unexpectedly. Sieifl. To pass by leaping. 
Thomson. 
SPRING, spring, n. s. [j-ppin^, Sax.] The season 
in which plants rise and vegetate ; the vernal sea- 
son. Thomson. An elastick body; a body which 
when distorted has the power of restoring itself to 
its former state. Wilkins. Elastick Ibrce. Dryden. 
Any active power; any cause by which motion 
or action is produced or propagated. Dryden. A 
leap ; a bound ; a jump ; a violent effort ; a sud- 
den struggle. Dryden. A leak 3 a start of plank. 
B. Jonson. A fountain ; an issue of water from 
the earth. Bacon. A source; that by which an}' 
thing is supplied. Davies. Rise; beginning. 1 Sam. 
ix. "Cause ; original. Blackmore. A~plant ; a shoot; 
a voung tree ; a coppice. Spemer. A youth. Spen- 
ser. A hand or shoulder of pork. Beaum. and Fl. 
SPRFNGAL, sprlng'-gal. n. s. [j-pjiin^an, Sax.] 
A youth; an active, nimble voung man. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 
SPRINGES, sprlnje. n. s. A gin; a noose, which, 
fastened to any elastick body, catches by a spring 
or jerk. Shakspeare. 
To SPRINGE*, sprlnje. r. a. To ensnare ; to catch 

in a trap. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SPRPNGER, spring 7 -fir. 93. n. s. One who rouses 

game. A young plant. Evelyn. 
J)^f" The <r ought here to rest in the nasal sound, and not 
to be suffered to articulate the e, as it does in finger. 
—See Principles, Xc. 381 and 409. W. 
SPRPNGHALT, sprlng'-halt. n. s. [spraenga, 
Swed. and halt.'] A lameness by which the horse 
twitches up his tegs. Shakspeare. 
SPRINGHEAD*, spring'-hed. n. s. Fountain 3 

source. Sir T. Herbert. 
SPRPNGINESS. sprW-e-nes, or sprln'-je-ngs. 
[See Springy.] n.s. Elasticity; power of restor- 
ing itself. Boyle. 
SPRINGING* springing, n.s. Growth 5 increase, j 



rV Ixv. [In architecture.] The side of an arch 
contiguous to the part whereon it rests. Archasol. 
vol. xvii. 
SPRFNGLE, sprlng'-gl. 405. n.s. A spring; an 

elastick noose. Carew. 
SPRINGTIDE, sprlng'-tlde. n.s. Tide at the new 

and full moon : high tide. Dryden. 
SPRI'NGY, spring' -e, or sprto'-je. a. Elastick; hav 

ing the power of restoring itself. Neicton. 
§Cr A most absurd custom has prevailed in pronouncing 
this adjective, as if it were formed from springe, a gin, 
rhyming with fringe, when nothing can be plainer than 
its formation from spring, an elastick body, and that 
the addition ofy ought no more to alter the sound of g 
in this word than it does in stringy, full of strings. It 
is certainly thus wo ought to pronounce the substantive 
formed from this adjective, which we meet with in Mr. 
Forster : "In general, that nervous springiness, (if I may 
so express it,) so very observable in Mr. Pope's metre, 
is often owing chiefly to a trochee beginning his line." 
Essay an decent mid Quantity, p. 59. But the absurd- 
ity is still increased when this vicious pronu^iation is 
given to the adjective formed from spring, a fountain: 
this, however, is so contrary both to custom and analo- 
gy, that nothing but an oversight in Mr. Sheridan could 

i have prevented his making the distinction. — See Prin- 

\ ciples, No. 409. W. 

j SPRI'NGY, sprlng'-e. 409. a. [from spring.] Full of 

I springs and fountains. Mortimer. 

j To SPRPNKLE §, sprW-kl. 405. v. a. [sprincke- 
len, Teut. ; sprenken, Germ. ; rpnen^an. Sax.] 
To scatter; to disperse in small masses. Ex. ix. 
To scatter in drops. Num. viii. To besprinkle ; to 
wash, wet, or dust by scattering in small particles. 
Heb. x. 
To SPRPNKLE, sprlng'-kl. v. n. To perform the 
act of scattering in small drops. Lev. xiv. 

SPRPNKLE*, sprlng'-kl. n. s. A small quantity 
scattered. An aspergoire 3 an utensil to sprinkle 
with. Spenser. 

SPRPNKLER. sprlng'-klur. n. s. One that sprinkles. 

SPRPNKLING*, snrlng'-kllng. n. s. The act of 
scattering in small drops. Bp. Hall. A small 
quantity scattered. 

To SPRIT, sprit, v. a. To throw out; to eject with 
force. Brown. 

To SPRIT, sprit, v. n. [rpn.y tan, Sax. 3 spruyten, 
Dutch.] To shoot 3 to germinate; to sprout. Used 
of barley wetted for malt. 

SPRIT, sprit, n.s. [rpjiote, Sax.] Shoot 3 sprout 
Mortimer, [ppjieor, Sax.] A pole : hence our 
word bolisprit. 
\ SPRFTSAIL, sprh'-sale. n. s. The sail which be- 
longs to the bowsprit mast. Diet. 

SPRITE §, sprite, n. s. [contracted from spirit.] A 
spirit; an incorporeal agent. See Spright. Pope. 

SPRFTEFUL*, sprlte'-ful. a. Gav 3 lively 3 cheer- 
ful. St road. 

SPRFTEFULLY, sprite'-ful-e. ad. Vigorously 3 with 
life and ardour. Chapman. 

SPRI TELESS*. See Sprightless. 

SPRFTELINESS*. sprheMe-nes. n. s. See 
Sprightlixess. Warton. 

SPRFTELY*. a. See Sprightly. 

SPRFTELY, sprlte'-le. ad. Gay' v. Chapman. 

SPROD*, sprod. n. s. A salmon while in its second 
years growth. Chambers. 

SPRONG. The old preterit ofspriwr. Hooker, 

To SPROUTS, sprout. .313. v. n. [ypjiytan, Sax. j 
spruyten, Dutch.] To shoot by vegetation ; to ger- 
minate. Cowley. To shoot into ramifications. Ba- 
con. To grow Tickell. 

SPROUT, spr6ut. n. s. A shoot of a vegetable. Ba.- 
con. 

SPROUTS, sprfiflts. n. s. Young coleworts. 

SPRUCE^, sprftose. 339. a. Nice j trim 3 neat with- 
out elegance. Donne. 

To SPRUCE, sproose. v. n. To dress with affected 
neatness. Cotgrare. 

To SPRUCE*, sproose. v. a. To trimj to dress. 
Avisworth. 

SPRUCE, sproose. n. s. A species of fir. Evelyn. 

SPRUCE-BEER, spr6ose-beer. n. s. Beer tinctured 
with branches of fir. Avbuthnot. 
&S9 



SPU 














SQU 


EF 559.- 


-Fite. 


far, 


fall, 


fat;- 


— me, m£t;- 


-pine 


pin;— 



SPRUCE-LEATHER, sprods-leTH'-fir. n.s. Cor- 
rupted from Prussian leatlier. Dryden. 

SPRU CELY, spr66se'-le. ad. In a nice manner. 
Marstoiu 

SPRU'CENESS, sproose'-nes. ft. 5. Neatness with- 
out elegance; trimness; quaintness ; delicacy; 
fineness. Middlelon. 

To SPRUG*. ». a. To make smart. Parth. Sacra. 

SPRUNG, sprung. The preterit and participle pas- 
sive of spring. 

To SPRUNT $*, sprunt. v. n. [sprengen, Teut. ; 
rpjunSan, Sax."f To spring up; to germinate. 
Prompt. Parv. To spring forward. Somerville. 

SPRUNT, sprunt n. s. Any thing that is short, and 
will not easily bend. A leap, or a spring in leap- 

SPRUNT*, sprunt. part. a. Vigorous ; active ; grown 

out ; becoming strong. 
SPRU'NTLY*, sprfint'-le. ad. Youthfully ; like a 

young person. B. Jonson. 
SPUD, spud. n.s. A short knife; any short, thick 

thing, in contempt. Swift. 
SPU'LLERS of L Yarn. n. s. [perhaps properly 
spoolers.'] Persons employed to see that it be well 
spun, and fit for the loom. Did. 
SPUME §, spume, n. s. [spuma, Lat.] Foam; froth. 

Gower. 
To SPUME, spume, v. n. To foam ; to froth. 
SPUMOUS, spu'-mus. ;«. [spumei(s, Lat.] Frothy; 
SPU'MY, spiV-me. ] foamy. Brown. 
SPUN, spfin. The preterit and participle passive of 

spin. Addison. 
SPONGER spunje. n. s. See Sponge. 
To SPUNGE, spunje. 74. v. n. To hang on others 

for maintenance. Swift. 
SPUNG1NESS*, spun'-je-nes. n. s. Sponginess. 

Cotgrave. 
SPUNGINGHOUSE, sp&n'-jing-hduse. n. s. A 
house to which debtors are taken before commit- 
ment to prison, where the bailiffs spunge upon 
them, or riot at their cost. Swift. 
SPUNGY, spun'-je. a. Full of small holes, and soft 
like a sponge. Dryden. Wet; moist; watery. 
Sluxk. Having the quality of imbibing. SJiak. 
SPUNK, spungk. 408. n. s. Touchwood; rotten 

wood. Brown. 
SPtJ R §, spur. n. s. [jpup, Sax. ; spore, Dan.] A 
sharp point fixed on the rider's heel, with which 
he pricks his horse to drive him forward. Sidney. 
Incitement ; instigation. Hooker. The longest and 
largest leading root of a tree : hence probably the 
spur of a post, the short wooden buttress affixed to 
it, to keep it firm in the ground. Slia/c. The sharp 
points on the legs of a cock with which he fights, 
Bucon. Any thing standing out ; a snag : as, the 
spur of a post. A sea-swallow. Ray. 
To SPUR, spur. v. a. To prick with the spur ; to 
drive with the spur. Addison.. To instigate; to 
incite ; to urge forward. Shak. To drive by force 
Shak. To fix a spur to. Old Ballad of St. George 
for England. 
To SPUR, spur. v. n. To travel with great expedi- 
tion. Dryden. To press forward. Dryden. 
ToSPUTtGALL^spiV-gal. v. a. [spur and gall.] 

To wound or hurt with tne spur. Shakspeare. 
SPU'RGALL*, spur'-gai n. s. A hurt occasioned 

by the too frequent use of the spur. Ash. 
SPURGE §, spurje. n. s. [espurge, Fr. ; from purgo, 

Lat.] A plant violently purgative. Skinner. 
SPURGE Flax. n. s. A plant. 
SPURGE Laurel, or Mezereon. n. s. A plant. 
SPURGE Olive, n.s. A shrub. 
SPURGE Wort. n. s. A plant. 
SPU'RGING*, spur -jW. n. s. Act of purgmg ; dis- 
charge. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 
SPURIOUS §, spu'-re-us. 314. a. [spurius, hat] Not 
genuine; counterfeit; adulterine. White. Not le- 
gitimate ; bastard. Addison. 
SPU'RIOUSLY*, spu'-re-us-le. ad. Counterfeit^ ; 

falsely. Weijster. 
SPURIOUSNESS, spu'-re-us-nes. n. s. Adulterate- 
ness; state of being counterfeit. Waierland. 



SPU'RLING, spurMing. 410. n. «. A small sea-fish. 
Tusser. 

To SPURN §, spurn, v. a. [jpupnan, Sax.] To kick ; 
to strike or drive with the foot. Shak. To reject; 
to scorn ; to put away with contempt ; to disdain. 
Sluik. To treat with contempt. Locke. 

To SPURN, spurn v. n. To make contemptuous op- 
position ; to make insolent resistance. Shale. To 
toss up the heels; to kick or struggle. Gay. 

SPURN, spurn, n.s. Kick; insolent and contempt 
uous treatment. Shakspeare. 

SPU'RNER*, spur'-nur. n.s. One who spurns. Sher 
wood. 

SPU'RNEY, spur'-ne. n. s. A plant. 

SPU'RRED*, spfird. a. Wearing spurs : as, He was 
booted and spurred. 

SPU'RRER, spur'-rur. 98. n. s. One who uses spurs. 

SPU'RRIER, spur'-re-ur. n. s. One who makes spurs. 
B. Jonson. 

SPUR-ROYAL*, spur'-roe-al. n. s. A gold coin, 
first coined in Edward the Fourth's time ; it was of 
fifteen shillings value in James the First's time : 
sometimes written spur-rial or ryal. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

SPU'RRY, spiV-re. n. s. [spume, Fr.] A plant. 

To SPURT, spurt, o. n. See To Spirt. To fly 
out with a quick stream. Wiseman. 

SPU'RWAY, spur'-wa. n. s. [spur and way.] A 
horseway ; a bridle-road ; distinct from a road for 
carriages. 

SPUTA'TION^spu-uV-shun. n.s. [sputum, Lat.] 
The act of spitting. Harvey. 

SPU'TATIVE*, spu'-ta-tiv. a. Spitting much ; in- 
clined to spit. Wotton. 

roSPU'TTERfc, sput'-tnr. 98. y. n. [sputo, Lat.] 
To emit moisture in small flying drops. Dryden. 
To fly out in small particles with some noise. Dry- 
den. To speak hastily and obscurely, as with the 
mouth full ; to throw out the spittle by hasty speech. 
Congreve. 

To SPU'TTER, sput'-t&r. v. a. To throw out with 
noise and hesitation. Dryden. 

SPU'TTER, sput'-tfir. n. s. Moisture thrown out in 
small drops. 

SPU'TTERER, spnt'-tur-ur. n. s. One that sputters. 

SPY §, spl. n. s. [yspio, Welsh ; espion, Fr. ; spie, 
Dutch.] One sent to watch the conduct or motions 
of others; one sent to gain intelligence in an ene- 
my's camp or country. Shakspeare. 

To SPY, spl. v. a. To discover by the eye at a dis- 
tance, or in a state of concealment ; to espy. Donne. 
To discover by close examination. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. To search or discover by artifice. Num- 
bers. 

To SPY, spl. v. n. To search narrowly. Shakspeare. 

SPYfBOAT, spi'^te. n. s. A boat sent out for in- 
telligence. Arhuthnot. 

SQUABS, skwob. 86, 87. a. [squab, Suelh.] Unfeath- 
ered; newly hatched. King. Fat; thick and stout ; 
awkwardly bulky. Betterton. 

SQUAB, skwob. n. s. A kind of sofa or couch ; a 
stuffed cushion. Pope. 

SQUAB, skwob. ad. With a heavy, sudden fall; 
plump and flat. L 'Estrange. A low word. 

To SQUAB, skwob. v. n.To fall down plump or 
flat ; to squelsh or squalsh. 

SQU'ABBISH, skw&b'-blsh. a. Thick; heavy; 
fleshy. Harvey. 

To SQUA'BBLE $, skw6b'-bl. 405. v. n, [kcebla, 
Swed.] To quarrel ; to debate peevishly ; to wran- 
gle ; to fight. Shakspeare. A low word. 

SQUA'BBLE, skw6b / -bl. n. s. A low brawl ; a petty 
quarrel. Arbuthnot. 

SQUA'BBLER, skwob'-bl-ur. n. s. A quarrelsome 
fellow ; a brawler. 

SQUABPIE', skwSb-pl'. n. s. [squab and pie.] A pie 
made of many ingredients. King. 

SQUAD*, skwad. n. s. [escouade, Fr.] A company 
of armed men : usually applied to those who are 
learning- the military exercise. 

SQUA'DRON §, skwa'-drun. 83, 85. n. t. [escadron, 
Fr. ; squadrone, Ital. ; from quadratus, Lat.] A body 
870 



SQU 








SQU 


— n6. move, 


ndr, not ; 


-tube, tftb, bull ;— oil ; 


—pound ;- 


— th'm, THis. 



of men drawn up square. Milton. A part of an 
army ; a troop. Chapman. Part of a fleet ; a certain 
number of ships. Arbuthnot. 
SQl A DRONED, skwa'-drund. 359. a. Formed 

into squadrons. Milton. 
SQUA'LIDMkw61-lid. 86. [See Quadrant.] a. 

[squalidus, Lat.] Foul ; nasty ; filthy. Sixmser. 
SQUALFDITY*, skwal-iid'-e-ie. ) n. s. The state 
SQL A -LIONESS*, skw&l'-lid-n&s. \ or quality of 

being- squalid. Scoll. 
To SQUALLS, skwall. v. n. [sqwa-la, Su. Goth.] 
To scream out as a child or woman frighted. Spec- 
tator. 
SQUALL, skwall. n.s. Loud scream. Pope. Sud- 
den gust of wind. 
SQUA^LLER, skwall'-ur. 98. n.s. Screamer; one 

that screams. 
SQUA'LLY, skwall'-e. a. Windy; gusty: a sailor's 

word. Smollet. 
SQU A' LOR, skwa'-lur. n.s. [Lat.] Coarseness; 
nastiness ; want of cleanliness and neatness. Bur- 
ton. 
SQUAMOUS, skwa'-mtts. 314. a. [squameus, Lat.] 

Scalv ; covered with scales. Woodward. 
To SQUANDERS, skwSn'-d&r. v. a. [schwenden, 
Germ.] To scatter lavishly ; to spend profusely; 
to throw away in idle prodigality. Atterbury. To 
scatter; to dissipate ; to disperse. Shakspeare. 
SQUANDER*, skwon'-dfir. n. s. The act of squan- 
dering. Inq. into the State of the Xation, (180G.) 
SQUANDERER, skwon'-dar-ur. ?».*-. A spend- 
thrift; a prodigal ; a waster; a lavisher. Locke. 
SQUARE §, skware. a. [ysgwdr, Welsh; quadratics, 
Lat.] Cornered ; having right angles. 1 Icings, 
vii. Forming a right angle. Moxon. Cornered ; 
having angles of whatever content : as, three 
square, five square. Spenser. Parallel ; exactly 
suitable. Slutk. Strong; stout; well set: as, a 
square man. Equal; exact; honest; fair: as. 
square dealing. Shak. [In geometry.] Square root 
of any number is that which, multiplied by itself, 
produces the square : as, 4 is the square root of 16. 
SQUARE, 9kware. n. s. [quadra, Lat.] A figure 
with right angles and equal sides. Spenser. An 
area otfour sides, with houses on each side. Ad- 
dison. Content of an angle. Brown. A rule or 
instrument by which workmen measure or form 
their angles : formerly written squire, [esquierre, 
Fr.] Spenser. Rule ; regularity ; exact propor- 
tion ; justness of workmanship or conduct. Hooker. 
Squadron; troops formed square. Shak. A square 
number is when another, called its root, can be ex- 
actly found, which, multiplied by itself, produces the 
square. Pope. Quaternion ; number four. Shak. 
Level ; equality. Dryden. Quartile ; the astro- 
logical situation of planets, distant ninety degrees 
from each other. Milt/m. Rule ; conformity. L' Es- 
trange. — Squares go. The game proceeds : chess- 
boards being full of squares. L' Estrange. 
To SQUARE, skware. v. a. To form with right 
angles. To reduce to a square. Prior. To meas- 
ure; to reduce to a measure. Shak. To adjust; 
to regulate ; to mould ; to shape. Shak. To ac- 
commodate ; to fit. Milton. To respect in quartile. 
Creech. 
To SQUARE, skware. v. n. To suit with; to fit 
with. Dryden. To quarrel ; to go to opposite 
sides. Shakspeare. 
SQUARENESS, skware'-nes. n. s. The state of 

being square. Moxon. 
To SQUASH §, skw&sh. 86. v. a. [from qvash ; 
schiacciare, Ital.] To crush into pulp ; to batter or 
make as flat as z cake. 
SQUASH, skw&sh. n. s. Any thing soft and easily 
• crushed. Shak. A plant. Boyle. Any thing un- 
ripe ; any thing scft : in contempt. Shak. A sud- 
den fall. Arbuthnot. A shock of soft bodies. Swift. 
To SQU AT §, skwot. c.n. [quattre, Ital.] To sit 

cowering ; to sit close to the ground. 
To SQUAT*, skwot. v. a. To bruise or make flat by 

letting- fall. Barret. 
SQUAT, skwot. a. Cowering; close to the ground. 



Milton. Short and thick; having one part close 
to another, as those of an animal contracted and 
cowering. Grew. 
SQUAT, skw&t. n.s. The posture of cowering orly 

ing close. Dryden. A sudden fall. Herbert. 

SQUAT, skwot. n. s*. A sort of mineral. Woodward. 

To SQU AWL*. See To Sqcall. 

To SQUEAK §, skweke. 227. v.n. [sqwaeka, Swed.l 

To set up a sudden, dolorous cry ; to cry out with 

pain. To cry with a shrill, acute lone. Bacon. To 

break silence or secrecy tor fear or pain. Dryden. 

SQUEAK, skweke. n.s.' A cry of pain. Dryden. A 

shrill, quick cry, not of pain. Tatler. 
SQUEAKER*, skwe'-kur. n. s. One who cries with 

a shrill, acute tone. Echard. 
To SQUEAL, skwele. 227. v. n. [sqwaela, Su. Goth 
See To Sq,uall.] To cry with a shrill, sharp 
voice ; to cry with pain. Tatler. 
SQUEA y MlSH§, skwe'-mish. a. [for qyawmish or 
qualmish, from qualm.'] Nice; fastidious; easily 
disgusted ; having the stomach easily turned ; be- 
ing apt to take offence without much reason. Sid- 
ney. 
SQUEAMISHLY, skwe'-mish-le. ad. In a fastidious 

manner. Warton. 
SQUEA'MISHNESS, skwe'-mish-nes. ». s. Nice- 

ness; delicacy; fastidiousness. South. 
SQUEA'SINESS*. skwe'-ze-nes. n. s. Nausea; 

queasiness; fastidiousness. Hammond. 
SQUEA'SY§*, skwe'-ze. a. Queasy; nice; squea- 
mish ; fastidious ; scrupulous. Bp. Earle. 
To SQUEEZE §, skweeze. 246. v. a. [epiran, Sax. ; 
gwasgu, Welsh.] To press; to crush between two 
bodies. Wilkins. To oppress; to crush ; to harass 
by extortion. V Estrange. To force between close 
bodies. 
To SQUEEZE, skweeze. v. n. To act or pass, in 
consequence of compression. Newton. To force 
way through close bodies. L' Estrange. 
SQUEEZE, skweeze. n. s. Compression ; pressure. 

Phillips. 
SQUEEZING*, skwee'-zing. n. s. Act of squeezing. 

Pope. 
To SQUELCH §*, or SQUELSH* skwelsh. v. a. 
[a corruption, perhaps, of squash.] To crush. Beau- 
mend and Fletcher. 
SQUELCH, skwelsh. n, s. A heavy fall; a flat fall 

on one side. Hudibras. 
SQUIB, skwlb. n. s. [schieben, Germ.] A small pipe 
of paper filled with wildfire. Bacon. Any sudden 
flash. Donne. A lampoon : a frequent colloquial 
expression. Any petty fellow. Spenser. 
SQUILL, skwfl. n. s. [squilla, Lat.] A plant. Miller. 

A fish. An insect. Greiv. 
SQUFNANCY, skwin'-an-se. n. s. [squinance, squi- 
nancie, Fr.] An inflammation in the throat; a 
quinsy. Bacon^ 
SQUINT §, skwint. a. [squinte, Dutch.] Looking ob- 
liquely ; looking not directly ; looking suspiciously. 
Spenser. 
SQUINT*, skwint. n. s. An oblique look. 
To SQUINT, skw?nt. v. n. To look obliquely ; to 

look not in a direct line of vision. Bacon. 
To SQUINT, skwint. r. a. To form the eye to ob- 
lique vision. Shak. To turn the eye obliquely. 
Bacon. 
SQUFNTEYED, skwfnt'-lde. a. Having the sight 
directed oblique. KnoUes. Indirect; oblique; ma- 
lign ani. Denham. 
SQLTNTIFE'GO, skwln-te-fe'-g&. a. Squinting : a 

cant word. Dryden. 
SQUFNTINGLY*, skwlntMng-le. ad. With an ob- 
lique look. Sherwood. 
To SQUI'NY, skwin'-ne. v. n. To look asquint : a 

cant word. Shakspeare. 
SQUIRE §, skwlre. n.s. [contraction of esquire; 
escuyer, Fr. See Esquire.] A gentleman next 
in rank to a knight. Shak. An attendant on a 
noble warriour. Dryden. An attendant at court. 
Shakspeare. 
To SQUIRE*, skwlre. v. a. To attend as a squire. 
Chaucer. 

871 



STA 



STA 



ID 3 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pln;- 



n. s. Rank and 
state of an es- 



SQUFREHOOD*, skwlre'-hud 
SQUFRESHIP* skwlre'-ship. 

quire. She/ton. 
SQUPRELY*, skwlre'-le. a. Becoming a squire. 

Slie/ton. 
SQUIRREL, skweV-r?l. 109. n. s. [ecureuil, Fr.] A 
small animal that lives in woods, remarkable for 
leaping from tree to tree. Dray tan. 
&3= The i in this word ought, not, according to analogy, 
to be pronounced like e, 109Kbut custom seems to have 
fixed it too firmly in that sound to be altered without 
the appearance of pedantry. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, give the i the sound that I 
have done. W. 
To SQUIRTS, skwfirl. 108. v. a. [squaetta, Su. 
Goth.] To throw out in a quick stream. Arbuthnot. 
To SQUIRT, skwfirt. v. n. To prate j to let fly : 
low cant. L' Estrange. 

SQUIRT, skwurl. n. s. An instrument by which a 
quick stream is ejected. Hudibras. A small, quick 
stream. Bacon. 

SQUPRTER, skwfirt'-ur. n. s. One that plies a 
squirt. Arbuthnot. 

To ST AB §, stab. v. a. [staven, old Dutch.] To pierce 
with a pointed weapon. Shak. To wound mortal- 
ly or mischievously. A. Phillips. 

To STAB, stab. v. n. To give a wound w^ith a point- 
ed weapon. Dryden. To offer a stab. Shak. To 
give a mortal wound. Sliakspeare. 

STAB, slab. n. s. A wound with a sharp pointed 
weapon. Shak. A dark injury; a sly mischief. A 
stroke ; a blow. South. 

STABBER, stab'-bur. 98. n. s. One who stabs; a 
privy murderer. 

STABFLIMENT§, sta-bll'-le-ment. n. s. [stabilis, 
Lat.] Support; firmness; act of making firm. 
Derham. 

To STABFLITATE*, sta-bll'-e-tate. v. a. [stabili- 
ty, Lat.] To make stable ; to establish. More. 

STABILITY, sta-blF-e-te. n. s. [stabilite, Fr.] Sta- 
bleness; steadiness; strength to stand. Is. xxxiii. 
Fixedness ; not fluidity. Boyle. Firmness of reso- 
lution. 

STA'BLES, sta'-bl. 405. «. [Fr.; stabilis, Lat.] 
Fixed ; able to stand. Steady ; constant ; fixed in 
resolution or conduct. Davies. Strong; fixed in 
state or condition ; durable. Rogers. 

To STA'BLE*, sta'-bl. v. a. To make stable ; to fix; 
to establish. Strype. Ob. T. 

STABLES, sta'-bl. 405. n. s. [stabulwn, Lat.] A 
house for beasts. Ezra, xxv. 

To STABLE, sta'-bl. v. n. [stabulo, Lat.] To ken- 
nel ; to dwell as beasts. Milton. 

To STA'BLE, sta'-bl. v. a. To put into a stable. 
Spenser. 

STA'BLEBOY, sta'-bl-boe. ) n. s. One who at- 

STABLEMAN, suV-bl-man. 88. \ tends in the sta- 
ble. Swift. 

STA'BLENESS, sta'-bl-nes. n. s. Power to stand. 
Chancer. Steadiness ; constancy ; stability. Shak. 

STA'BLESTAND, sta'-bl-stand. n. s. [In law.] Is 
one of the four evidences or presumptions, where- 
by a man is convinced to intend the stealing of the 
king's deer in the forest : and this is when a man 
is found at his standing in the forest with a cross 
bow bent, ready to shoot at any deer; or with a 
long bow ; or else standing close by a tree with 
greyhounds in a leash ready to slip. Covoel. 

STABLING*, sta'-bllng. n. s. House or room for 
beasts. Thomson. 

To STA'BLISH, stab'-lisfy v. a. [stabilio, Lat.] To 
establish ; to fix ; to settle. Spenser. 

STA'BLY*. sta'-ble. ad. Firmly ; steadily. Huloet. 

STABULATION*, stab-u-la'-shfin. ?i. s. [stabula- 
tio, Lat.] Act of housing beasts. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

STACK $, stak. n. s. [stack, Icel.] A large quantity 
of hay, corn, or wood, heaped up regularly to- 
gether. Bacon. A number of chimneys or funnels 
standing together. Wiseman. 

To STACK, stak. v. a. To pile up regularly in ricks. 
Tusser. 

STA'CTE. n. s. [oraicr), Gr. ; stacte, Lat. ; j-fcacfce, | 



Sax.] An aromatick ; the gum that distils from 
the tree which produces myrrh. Ex. xxx. 
STADE*, stade. n.s. [slade, Fr. j stadium, Lat.] A 

furlong. Donne. 
STA'DLE$, sta'-dl. n. s. [ r fcabel, Sax.] Any thing 
which serves for support to another. A staff; a 
crutch. Spenser. A tree suffered to grow for coarse 
and common uses, as posts or rails. Young plants 
left standing at certain distances, when a wood is 
cut. Tusser. 
To STA'DLE, sta'-dl. v. a. To leave sufficient stadles 
when a wood is cut. Tusser. 
I STA'DTHOLDER, stat'-h6!d-fir. n. s. [stadt, and 
houden, Dutch.] Formerly the chief magistrate of 
the United Provinces. Burnet. 
STAFF $, staf. n.s. plur. staves, stavz. [j-taep, ]*tap, 
Sax. ; staff, Danish ; staf, Dutch.] A stick with 
which a man supports himself in walking. Shak. 
A prop ; a support. Shak. A stick used as a weap- 
on; a club; the handle of an edged or pointed 
weapon. Shak. Any long piece of wood. Milton. 
Round or step of a ladder. Brown. An ensign of 
an office ; a badge of authority. Shak. An estab- 
lishment of officers, in various departments, attached 
to generals and armies, [stef, Icel.] A stanza ; a 
series of verses regularly disposed, so as that, when 
the series is concluded, the same order begins 
again. Dryden. 
STA'FFISH, staf'-fish. «. Stiff; harsh. Ascham. 

Ob. J. 
STA'FFTREE, staf'-tree. n. s. A sort of ever-green 

privet. 
STAG, stag. n. s. The male red deer; the male of 
the hind. Shak. A colt or filly; also a romping 
girl. Grose. 
STAGE $, stadje. n. s. [estage, Fr.] A floor raised 
to view on which any show is exhibited; a raised 
floor of temporary use. Tatler. The theatre ; the 
place of scenick entertainments. B. Jonson. Any 
place where any thing is publickly transacted or 
performed. Sliakspeare. A place in which rest is 
taken on a journey ; as much of a journey as is 
performed without intermission, [fti^e, Sax.] 
Hammond. A single step of gradual process. 
Bacon. 
To STAGE, stadje. v. a. To exhibit publickly. 

Shaksjicare. Ob. J. 
STAGECOA'CH, stadje-kolsh'. n.s. A coach that 
keeps its stages; that passes and repasses on cer- 
tain days for the accommodation of passengers. 
Addison. 
STAGE Ll r *, stadje'-le. a. Belonging to the stage ; 

befitting the stage. Bp. Taylor. 
STA'GEPLAY, stadje'-pla. n.s. Theatrical enter- 
tainment. Dryden. 
STA'GEPLAYER, stadje'-pla-fir. n.s. One who 
publickly represents actions on the stage. Arbuth- 
not. 
STA'GER, suV-jfir. 98. n. s. A player. B. Jonson. 
One who has long acted on the stage of life ; a 
practitioner; a person of cunning. Hudibras. 
STA'GER Y*, sta'-jfir-e. n.s. Scenick exhibition; 

show on the stage. Milton. 
STA'GEVIL. n.s. A disease in horses. Diet. 
STAGGARD, stag'-gard. 88. n. s. [from stag.} A 

four year old stag. Ainsworth. 
To STA GGER §, stag'-gfir. 98. v. n. [staggeren, 
Dutch.] To reel; not to stand or walk steadily. 
Boyle. To faint; to begin to give way. Addison. 
To hesitate; to fall into doubt; to become less- 
confident or determined. Rom. iv. 
ToSTA'GGER, stag'-gfir. v. a. To make to stag- 
ger ; to make to reel. Shak. To shock ; to alarm ; 
to make less steady or confident. Shakspeare. 
STA'GGERING*,stag'-gfir-Ing. n.s. Act of reeling. 
Arbuthnot. Cause of staggering or making to 
stagger. 1 Sam. xxv. 
STAGGERINGLY*, stag'-gfir-mg-le. ad. In a 
reeling manner. Granger. With nesitation. Brown. 
STA'GGERS, stag'-gfirs. n.s. A kind of horse 
apoplexy. Sliakspeare. Madness; wild conduct j 
irregular behaviour. Shakspeare. 
872 



STA 



STA 



—no, move, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull;— 6?1;— pound;— tkm, THis. 



STAGNANCY, stag'-nan-se. n. s. The state of be- 
ing without motion or ventilation. Cotton. 
STA GNANT, stag' -nam. a. [stag-nans, Lat.] Mo- 
tionless 3 still ; not agitated ; not flowing ; not 
running. Blackmore. 
To STAGNATE $, stdg'-nate. 91. v.n. [stagno, Lat.] 
To lie motionless; to have no course or stream. 
Woodward. 
STAGNATION, stag-na'-shftn. 11. s. Stop of course ; 

cessation of motion. Addison. 
STAID, stade. 202, 222. part. a. [from stay.] Sober; 
grave; regular; composed; not wild; not volatile. 
Shakspeare. 
STA l'DNESS, stade '-nes. w.s. Sobriety ; gravity ; 

regularity : contrariety to wildness. Glanville. 
To STAIN $', stane. 202. v. a. [ystaenio, Welsh, from 
ys and taenu.] To blot; to spot; to maculate. 
Shak. To dye; to tinge. Davies. To disgrace; 
to <;pot with guilt or infamy, MUton. 
STAIN, stane. 73. n.s. Blot; spot; discoloration. 
Addison. Taint of guilt or infamy. Hooker. Cause 
of reproach; shame. Sidney. 
STA 1NER, sla'-nur. n. s. One who stains ; one who 

blots ; one who dyes ; a dyer. 
STA IN LESS, stane'-lSs. a." Free from blots or spots. 

Sidney. Free from sin or reproach. Shakspeare. 
STAIR §, stare. 202. n.s. [j-fcaefteri. Sax. ; stege, 
Suelh.j Steps by which we ascend from the lower 
part of a building to the upper. Sidney. 
STAIRCASE, stare'-kase. n.s. The part of a fab- 
rick that contains the stairs. Wotton. 
STAKES, stake, n.s. []*tac, j-fcace, Sax. ; stake, 
Swed.] A post or strong stick fixed in the ground. 
Sidney. A piece of long rough wood. Dryden. 
Any thing placed as a palisade or fence. Comus. 
The post to which a beast is tied to be baited. 
Shak. [sleeken, Teut.] Any thing pledged or 
wagered. Cowley. The slate of being hazarded, 
pledged, or wagered. Bacon. The stake is a small 
anvil, which stands upon a small iron foot on the 
work-bench, to remove as occasion offers ; or else 
it hath a strong iron spike at the bottom let into 
some place of the work-bench, not to be removed. 
Moxon. 
To STAKE, stake, v. a. To fasten, support, or de- 
fend with posts set upright. Evelyn. To wager ; 
to hazard ; to put to hazard. South. 
STALA'CTICAL, stal-ak'-te-kal. a. Resembling an 

icicle. Derham. 
STAL A CTFTES $, stal-ak-tl'-tez. ) n. s. [from <rra- 
STALAGTI / TiEt ; stal-ag-li / -te. $ \ a &.] Spar in 

the shape of an icicle. Woodward. 
STALAGMITES, stal-ag'-me-tez, or sta-lag-mF- 
tez. n. s. Spar formed into the shape of drops. 
Woodward. 
STALE $, stale, a. [stel, Teut.] Old ; long kept ; al- 
tered by time. P?~ior. Used till it is of no use or 
esteem ; worn out of regard or notice. Hayward. 
STALE, stale, n.s. [j-fcaelan, Sax.] Something ex- 
hibited or offered as an allurement to draw others 
to any place or purpose ; a decoy. Sidney. A 
prostitute. Shak. [stalk, Teut.] Urine ; old urine. 
Swift. Old beer ; beer somewhat acidulated. 
[stele, Dutch.] A handle. Chapman. At the game 
of chess applied to the king, when he is forced into 
a situation from which he cannot move without 

foing into check : by which the game is ended. 
lacon. 

To STALE, stale, v. a. To wear out; to make old. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

To STALE, stale, v. n. [stalien, Teut.] To make 
water. Hudibras. 

STALELY, stale'-le. ad. Of old; longtime. B. 
Jonson. 

STA'LENESS, stale'-nes. n.s. Oldness; state of be- 
ing long kept ; state of being corrupted by time. 
Bacon. 

To STALK $, stawk. 84. v. n. frtaelcan, Sax.] To 
walk with high and superb steps. Spenser. To 
walk behind a stalking horse or cover. Bacon. 

STALK, stawk. n.s. High, proud, wide, and stately 
step. Spenser. 

110 



STALK §, stawk. n. s. [slelke, or stielke, Swed.] The 
stem on which flowers or fruits grow. Bacon. The 
stem of a quill. Grew. 
STA'LKED*, stawkt. a. Havi.ig a stalk : as, the 

\ons-stalked pear. 
STACKER*, stawk'-ur. n. s. One who stalks. B. 

Jonson. A kind of fishing-net. 
STALKINGHORSE, stawk'-mg-h6rse. n. s 
[stalking and horse.] A horse, either real or ficti 
tious, by which a fowler shelters himself from the 
sight of the game ; a mask ; a pretence. Hakewill. 
STALKY, stawk'-e. a. Hard like a stalk. Morti- 
mer. 
STALL §, stall. 84. n. : *. [yfcal, j-fceal, Sax.; stal, 
Dutch.] A crib in which an ox is fed, or a horse is 
kept, in the stable. Cliapman. A bench or form 
where any thing is set to sale. Shak. [stall, Swed. ; 
stal, Arm.] A small house or shed in which certain 
trades are practised. Spenser. The seat of a dig- 
nified clergyman in the choir. Ayliffe. 
To STALL, stall, v. a. To keep in a stall or stable. 

Spenser, [for install.] To invest. Shakspeare. 
To STALL, stall, v. n. To inhabit ; to dwell. SJmk 

To kennel. 
STATLAGE, slall'-fdje. n. s. Rent paid for a stall 

[In old books.] Laystall ; dung ; compost. 
STALLATION*, stal-la/-shun. n. s. Installation. 

Cavendish. Ob. T. 
STALLFED, stall'-fed. a. Fed, not with grass, but 

dry feed. Chapman. 
STALLION, stal'-yfin. 113. n.s. [ysdalwyn, Welsh; 
stalon, old Fr. ; Stallone, Hal.] A horse kept for 
mares. Temple. 
I STA'LWORTH,staIl'-wfirf/i.a. []-tsel-^ji», Sax.} 
[ Stout; strong; brave. Fairfax. Ob. T. 
'ST A' MEN*, sta'-men. n.s. [Lat.] Threads. Hist 

R. S. Foundation. Toiler. 
STAMIN*,sta/-mm. n. s.[estamine, Fr.] Aslightsort 

of stuff; kind of woollen cloth. Chaucer. 
STA'MINA, stam'-lu-a. n. s. [Lat.] The first prin- 
ciples of any thing. Burke. The solids of a hu- 
man body. [In botany.] Those little fine threads 
or capillaments, which grow up within the flowers 
of plants, encompassing round the style, and on 
which the apices grow at their extremities. 

g^p This word, like animalcula, is often, by mere Eng- 
lish speakers, used as a singular. Thus, speaking of 
raicroscopick objects, they talk of seeing the leg of an 
animalcula, and, observing a person with a good con- 
stitution, they say he has a good stamina. To such 
speakers it may be observed, that these words are per- 
fectly Latin plurals, the singulars of which are ani- 
malculum, and stamen. — See Animalcule, Lamina, 
and Miasma. W. 

To STA'MINATE*, stam'-m-ate. v. a. To endue 

with stamina. Biblioth. Bibl. 
STAMI'NEOUS, sta-miV-e-fis. a. [stamineus, Lat.] 
Consisting of threads. Stamineous flowers want 
those coloured leaves which are called petala, and 
consist only of the stylus and the stamina. 
STA'MMEL, suW-mel. n.s. [estamel, old Fr.] A 
species of red colour. B. Jonson. A kind of wool- 
len cloth. Comment, on Chancer. 
STA'MMEL* stanV-mel. a. Of a reddish colour. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To STA'MMERS, stam'-mfir. 98. v.n. [j-tamep, 

Sax.; stameren, Teut.] To speak with unnatural 

hesitation ; to utter words with difficulty. Sidney. 

To STA'MMER*, suW-mur. v. a. To pronounce or 

declare imperfectly. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
STA'MMERER, stam'-miV-ur. ?i.s. One who speaks 

with hesitation. Bp. Taylor. 
STAMMERINGLY*, stam'-mur-fng-le. ad In a 

stammering manner. Huloet. 
To STAMPS, stamp, v. a. [stampen, Dutch ; stamp- 
er, Dan.] To strike by pressing the foot hastily 
downwards. Dryden. To pound; to beat as in a 
mortar. Deut. ix. [estamper, Fr. ; stampare, Ital.] 
To impress with some mark or*figure. South. To 
fix a mark by impressing it. Digby. To make by 
impressing a mark. Locke. To mint ; to form ; to 
coin. SJiakspeare. 

873 



STA 



STA 



CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mgf — pine pln,- 



To STAMP, stamp, u. n. To strike the foot suddenly 

downward. Jer. xlvii. 
STAMP, stamp, n. s. [estampe, Fr. ; stampa, Ital.] 
Any instrument by which a distinct and lasting im- 
pression is made. A mark set on any thing ; im- 
pression. Carew. A thing marked or stamped. 
Shak. A picture cut in wood or metal ; a picture 
made by impression 5 a cut; a plate. Addison. A 
mark.set upon things that pay customs to the gov- 
ernment. Swift. A character of reputation, good 
or bad, fixed upon any thing. South. Authority 3 
currency; value derived from any suffrage or at- 
testation. Brown. Make; cast; form. Shak. 
STA'MPER, stamp'-ur. 98. n. s. An instrument of 

pourjding. 
STAN, amongst our forefathers, was the termination 
of the superlative degree : so, Athelstan, most no- 
ble ; Betstan, the best ; Dunstan, the highest. 
Gibson's Camden. 
To STANCH §, stansh. 78. v. a. \estancher, Fr.] To 

stop blood; to hinder from running. Bacon. 

To STANCH, stansh. v. n. To stop. St. Luke, viii. 

STANCH, stansh. a. Sound ; such as will not run 

out. Boijle. Firm; sound of principle; trusty; 

hearty; determined. Addison. Strong; not to be 

broken. Shakspeare. — A stanch hound. A dog that 

follows the scent without errour or remissness. 

STA'NCHER, slansh'-ur. n.s. One that stops blood. 

Sherwood. 
STA'NCHION, slan'-shfin. n.s. [estanccn, Fr.] A 

prop ; -a support. 
STA^NCHLESS, stansh'-lgs. a. Not to be stopped. 

Sliakspeare. 
To STAND§, stand, v.n. preterit I stood, I have 
stood, [standan, Goth.; rfcanban, Sax.; staen, 
Dutch.] To be upon the feet ; not to sit, kneel, or 
lie down. Common Prayer. To be not demolished 
or overthrown. Milton. To be placed as an edi- 
fice. Addison. To remain erect ; not to fall. 
Milton. To become erect. Dryden. To stop ; to 
halt ; not to go forward. Shak. To be at a sta- 
tionary point without progress or regression. Bacon. 
To be in a state of firmness, not vacillation. Davies. 
To be in any posture of resistance or defence. 
Shak. To be in a state of hostility ; to keep the 
ground. Esth. viii. Not to yield ; not to fly ; not 
itj give way. Ecclus. xlvi. To slay ; not to fly. 
Chapman. To be placed, with regard to rank or 
order. Arbuthnot. To remain in the present state. 
1 Cor. viii. [estar, Span.] To be in any particular 
state ; to be : emphatically expressed. Milton. 
Not to become void ; to remain in force. Hooker. 
To consist ; to have its being or essence. Heb. ix. 
To be, with respect to terms of a contract. Carew. 
To have a place. Shak. To be in any state at the 
time present. Slvik. To be in a permanent state. 
Shak. To be, with regard to condition or fortune. 
Dryden. To have any particular respect. Shak. 
To be without action. Bacon. To depend ; to 
rest ; to be supported. Whiigift. To be, with re- 
gard to state of mind. Psalm iv. To succeed ; to 
be acquitted ; to be safe. Addison. To be, with 
respect to any particular. Shak. To be resolutely 
of a party. Hooker. To be in the place ; to be rep- 
resentative. Bacon. To remain ; to be fixed. 1 
Cor. xvi. To hold a course at sea. Dryden. To 
have direction towards any local point. Boyle. To 
offer as a candidate. Walton. To place himself; 
to be placed. Shak. To stagnate ; not to flow. 
Dryden. To be, with respect to chance. Rowe. 
To remain satisfied. Shak. To be without motion. 
Shak. To make delay. Locke. To insist; to 
dwell with many words, or much pertinacity. Ba- 
con. To be exposed. Sliak. To persist ; to- per- 
severe. Bp. Taylor. To persist in a claim. To 
adhere ; to abide. Daniel. To be consistent. 
Hooker. To be put aside with disregard. Decay 
of Christian Piety. — To stand by. To support ; to 
defend ; not to desert. Dryden. To be present 
without being an actor. Shak. To repose on ; to 
rest in. Pope. To stand for. To propose one's 
self a candidate. Sliak. To maintain ; to profess 



to support. Bacon. To stand off. To keep at a 
distance. Dryden. Not to comply. Sliak. To for- 
bear friendship or intimacy. Shak. To have re- 
lief ; to appear protuberant or prominent. Wotton. 
To stand out. To hold resolution ; to hold a post ; 
not to yield a point. Shck. Not to comply ; to se- 
cede. Shak. To ne prominent or protuberant. , 
Psalm lxxiii. To stand to. To ply ; to persevere 
Dryden. To remain fixed in a purpose. Herbert. 
To abide by a contract or assertion. Dryden. To 
stand under. To undergo ; to sustain. Sliak. To 
stand up. To erect one's self; to rise from sitting. 
To arise in order to gain notice. Acts, xxv. To 
make a party. Shak To stand upon. To con- 
cern ; to interest : an impersonal sense. Bacon. 
To value; to take pride. Tillotson. To insist. 
Shakspeare. 
To STAND, stand, v. a. To endure; to resist without 
flying or yielding. Shak. To await; to abide; to 
suffer. Addison. To keep ; to maintain, with 
ground. Dryden. 
STAND, stand, n.s. A station; a place where one 
waits standing. Shak. Rank ; post ; station. 
Daniel. Astop;ahalt. Shak. Stop; interrup- 
tion. Bacon. The act of opposing. Shak. High- 
est mark ; stationary point ; point from which the 
next motion is regressive. Dryden. A point be- 
yond which one cannot proceed. Shak. Difficulty ; 
perplexity ; embarrassment ; hesitation. Locke. A 
frame or table on which vessels are placed. Dryden. 
STANDARDS, stan'-dard. n.s. [rfcanbajib, Sax. ; 
standart, old Fr. ; estandart, mod. From stand.'] 
An ensign in war. Milton. That which is of un- 
douDted authority ; that which is the test of other 
things of the same kind. GlanviUe. That which 
has been tried by the proper test. Swift. A set- 
tled rate. Locke. A standing stem or tree. Bacon. 
STA'NDARDBEARER, stan'-dard-ba-r&r. n. s. 

One who bears a standard or ensign. Isa. x. 
STANDCROP. stand'-krop. n.s. An herb. Ains- 

worth. 
STA'NDEL, stan'-del n. s. [from stand.] A tree of 

long standing. Howell. 
STATOER$,sland'-ur. 98. n.s. One who stands. 
A tree that has stood long. Ascham. — Slander by. 
One present ; a mere spectator. Hooker. Slander 
up. One who makes himself of a party. South. 
STA NDERGRASS, stand'-ur-gras. n. s. An herb. 

Ainsworth. 
STANDING, standing, part. a. Settled ; establish- 
ed ; not temporary. Temple. Lasting ; not transi- 
tory. Addison. Stagnant ; not running. Ps. cviii. 
Fixed ; not movable. Shak. Continuing erect ; 
not fallen ; not cut down. Judges, xv. 
STA'NDING, stand'-ing. 410. n. s. Continuance ; 
long possession of an office, character, or place. 
Dryden.. Station ; place to stand in. Knolles^ 
Power to stand. Ps. lxix. Rank ; condition. 
STANDISH, stan'-dlsh. n. s. [stand and dish.] A 

case for pen and ink. Wotton. 
STANE*, slane. n.s. [rtan, Sax.] Our northern 

word for stone. 
STANG §, slang. n.s. [rfcaen£, Sax. ; ystang, Welsh.] 
A perch ; a measure of land. Swift. A long bar ; 
a wooden pole ; the shaft of a cart. — To ride tlie 
stang, is to be mounted on a strong pole, borne on 
men's shoulders, and carried about from place to 
place ; the rider representing usually a henpecked 
husband, and sometimes the husband who had 
beaten his wife. Callander. 
To STANG*, stang. v. n. [stanga, Icel.] To shoot 

with pain. Grose. 
STANK $, stangk. a. [stanka, Icel. and Su. Goth.] 

Weak ; worn out. Spenser. 
To STANK*, stangk. v. n. To sigh. 
STANK*, stangk. n. s. [rfcanc, Sax. ; ystanc, 

Welsh.] A dam, or bank, to stop water. 
STANK, stangk. The preterit of stink. Exod.vW. 
STA'NNARY*. stan'-nar-e. n. s. [stannum, Lat. ; 



stean, Cornish.] A tin mine. Bp. Hall. 
STANNARY, stan'-nar-e, a. R 



works. Carew. 



ing to the tin 



874 



SI 


^A 














STA 


— 116, 


move 


ndr, not ; 


—tube 


tub, 


bull ; 


-Ait; 


— p&flnd 


, — thin, THis. 



STA'NNYEL*. suV-yel. n.s. The common stone- 
hawk. Shakspeare. 

STA'NZA,stan'-za. 92. n. s. [stanza, Ital. ; sta?«*, 
Fr.] A number of lines regularly adjusted to each 
other ; so much of a poem as contains every varia- 
tion of measure, or relation of rhyme. Stanta is 
originally a room of a house, and came to signify a 
subdivision of a poem ; a staff. Cowley. 

STA'PLE*, sta'-pl. 405. ji.s. [stapel, Belg. and 
Sueth.] A settled mart ; an established emporium. 
Prior. The original material of a manufacture. 
Drayton. 

STA'PLE, sta'-pl. a. Settled 3 established in com- 
merce. Dryden. According to the laws of com- 
merce. Swift. 

STA'PLE, sta'-pl. n. s. [ftapul, Sax.] A loop of 
iron ; a bar bent and driven in at both ends. Pea- 
cham. 

STAPLER*, sta'-pl&r. n.s. A dealer: as, a wool- 
stapler. Howell. 

STAR §, star. 78. n.s. [sterre, Teut. ; j-fceoppa, Sax.] 
One of the luminous bodies that appear in the noc- 
turnal sky. Wotts. The pole-star. Shafc. Con- 
figuration of the planets supposed to influence for- 
tune. Shak. A mark of reference 3 an asterisk. 
Watts. 

STAR of Bethlehem, n. s. A flower. Miller. 

STA'RAPPLE, star'-ap-pl. n.s. A globular or olive- 
shaped, soft, fleshy fruit, enclosing a stone of the 
same shape. This pl^nt grows in the warmest 
parts of America. Miller. 

STA'RBOARD.star'-b6rd.rc.s.[ r teopbopb,Sax.] 
The right-hand side of the ship, as larboard is the 
left. Harris. 

STARCH §, startsh. 78. n. s. [stark, Germ.] A kind 
of viscous matter made of flour or potatoes, with 
which linen is stiffened, and was formerly coloured. 
Fletcher. A stiff, formal manner. Addison. 

STARCH*, startsh. a. []-fcap.c, Sax.] Stiff 3 precise 3 
rigid. Killingbeck. 

To STARCH, startsh. v. a. To stiffen with starch. 
Gay. 

STA'RCHAMBER, star'-tsham-bfir. n. s. A kind of 
criminal court of equitv. Shakspeare. 

STA'RCHED,startsht.359. part. a. Stiffened with 
starch. B. Jonson. Stiff 3 precise 3 formal. Ham- 
mond. 

STA'RCHEDNESS*, startsh'-ed-n6s. 365. n. s. 
Stiffness ; formality. L. Addison. 

STA'RCHER, startsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One whose trade 
is to starch. Marston. 

STA'RCHLY, startsh'-le. ad. Stiffly; precisely. 
Swift. 

STA'RCHNESS, startsh'-nes. n.s. Stiffness; pre- 
ciseness. 

To STARE*, stare, v.n. [ytapian, Sax.; stara, 
Icel. and Sueth.] To look with fixed eyes 3 to look 
with wonder, impudence, confidence, stupidity, or 
horrour. Spenser. To stand out prominent. Mort. 
[starren, Germ.] To stand up. Barret. 

To STARE*, stare, v. a. To affect or influence by 
stares. Dryden. — To stare in the face. To be un- 
deniably evident to. Locke. 

STARE, stare, n.s. Fixed look. Shak. [r-teep, 
Sax. ; sterre, Teut.] The starling, a bird. Sir T. 
Elyot. 

STA'RER, sta'-rur. 98. n. s. One who looks with fix- 
ed eyes. Pope. 

STA'RFISH, star'-ffsh. n. s. A fish branching out 
into several points. Woodward. 

STA'RGAZER, star'-ga-zur. n. s. An astronomer, 
or astrologer. Is. xlvii. A fish so called. CJiam- 
bers. 

STA'RHAWK, star'-hawk. n. s. A sort of hawk. 
Ainsworth. 

STARK*, stark. 78. a. [ytapc, Sax. ; stark, Germ. ; 
sterk, Teut.] Stiff" 3 strong; unbending ; unyield- 
ing. Chancer. Deep ; full ; still. B. Jonson. 
Mere ; simple ; plain ; gross. Hudibras. 

STARK, stark, ad. It is used to intend or augment 
the signification of a word : as, stark mad, mad in 
the highest degree. Sidney. 



STA'RKLY, stark'-le. ad. Stiffly ; strongly. Shak 

STA'RLESS, starMes. a. Having no light of stars. 
Milton. 

STA'RLIGHT, star'-llte. 11. s. Lustre of the stars. 
Shakspeare. 

STA'RLIGHT, slar'-lhe. a. Lighted by the stars 
Drifden. 

STA'RLIKE, star'-llke. a. Stellated ; having vari- 
ous points resembling a star in lustre. Mortimer. 
Bright ; illustrious. Boyle. 

STA'RLING, star'-ling. n. s. [pfcaephntf, Sax.] A 
bird ; a stare ; which is sometimes taught to talk as 
the magpie. Shakspeare. A defence to the piers 
of bridges. 

STARPA'VED, star'-pav'd. a. Studded with stars. 
Milton. 

STARPROO'F, star'-pr66f. a. [star and proof.] Im- 
pervious to starlight. 

STAR-READ. n. s. [star and read.] Doctrine of the 
stars ; astronomy. Spenser. 

STA'RRED, starr'd. 359. a. Influenced by the stars 
with respect to fortune. Shakspeare. Decorated 
with stars. Milton. 

STA'RRY, star'-re. 82. a. Decorated with stars ; 
abounding with stars. Pope. Consisting of stars ; 
stellar. Spenser. Resembling stars. Shakspeare 

STA'RSHOOT, slar'-sh6St. n. s. [star and shoot. _ 
An emission from a star. Boyle. 

STA'RSTONE*, star'-st6ne. n. s. A kind of stone 
having joints resembling the form of a star. Ray. 

To START §, start. 78. c. n. [j-fcy nan, Sax. Our 
word was anciently, stert.] To feel a sudden and 
involuntary twitch or motion of the animal frame, 
on the apprehension of danger. Bacon. To rise 
suddenly. White. To move with sudden quick- 
ness. Cleaveland. To shrink ; to winch. Shak. 
To deviate. Spenser. To set out from the barrier 
at a race. Boyle. To set out on any pursuit. Wal- 
ler. 

To START, start, v. a. To alarm ; to disturb sud- 
denly ; to startle. Shak. To make to start or fly 
hastily from a hiding place 3 to rouse by a sudden 
disturbance. Shak. To bring into motion ; to pro- 
duce to view or notice ; to produce unexpectedly. 
Hammond. To discover ; to bring within pursuit. 
Temple. To put suddenly out of place. Wiseman. 

START, start, n. s. A motion of terrour ; a sudden 
twitch or contraction of the frame from fear or 
alarm. Shak. A sudden rousing to action ; excite- 
ment. Shak. Sally; vehement eruption; sudden 
effusion. Shak. Sudden fit ; intermitted action. 
Shak. A quick spring or motion; a shoot; a push. 
Bacon. First emission from the barrier; act of 
setting out. Shak. — To get the start. To begin be- 
fore another ; to obtain advantage over another. 
Bacon. 

START*, start, n. s. [pteopfc, Sax.] A tail : hence 
the name of the bird redstart ; the long handle of 
any thing. 

STA'RTER, start'-ur. 98. n. s. One that shrinks 
from his purpose. Hudibras. One who suddenly 
moves a question or objection. A dog that rouse? 
the game. Delany. 

STA'RTING*, start'-fng. n. s. The act of starting 
Donne. 

STA'RTING-HOLE*, start'-mg-hole. n. s. Eva 
sion ; loophole. Martin. 

STA'RTINGLY, start' -Ing-le. 410. ad. By sudden 
fits ; with frequent intermission. Shakspeare. 

STA'RTINGPOST, siart'-?ng-p6st. n. s. [start anC 
post.] Barrier from which the race begins. 

To STA'RTLE, star'-tl. 405. v. n. [from start.) To 
shrink ; to move on feeling a sudden impression o*" 
alarm or terrour. Dryden. 

To STA'RTLE, star'-tl. v. a. To fright ; to shock : 
to impress with sudden terrour, surprise, or aksui. 
Milion. To deter ; to make to deviate. Clarendon. 

STA'RTLE, star'-tl. n. s. Sudden alarm ; shock ; 
sudden impression of terrour. Spectator. 

STARTUP, slart'-up. n. s. [start and up.] A kind 
of high shoe ; a galage. Bp. Hall. One that 
comes suddenly into notice. Shakspeare. 
875 



STA 



STA 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- 



STA'RTUP*, starf-fip. a. Suddenly come into no- 
tice. Warburton.. 
To STARVE^, starv. v. n. [ r fceanpian, Sax.; 
sterven, Dutch.] To perish ; to be destroyed. 
Fairfax. To perish with hunger. Locke. To be 
killed with cold. Sandys. To suffer extreme pov- 
erty. Pope. To be destroyed -with cold. Wood- 
vjard. 
To STARVE, starv. v. a. To kill with hunger. Shak. 
To subdue by famine. Shak. To kill with cold. 
Milton. To deprive offeree or vigour. Locke. 

STA'RVELING, starv'-lmg. 410. n.s. [from starve.] 
An animal thin and weak for want of nourishment. 
Shakspeare. 

STARVELING, starveling, a. Hungry ; lean ; pin- 
ing. Phillips. 

STATtWORT, star'-wurt. n. s. A plant ; elecam- 
pane. Miller. 

STATARY, sta'-ta-re. 512. a. [status, Lat.] Fixed ; 
settled. Bronm. 

STATER state, n.s. [status, Lat.] Condition-, cir- 
cumstances of nature or fortune. Milton. Modifi- 
cation of any thing. Boyle. Stationary point ; cri- 
sis ; height ; point from which the next movement 
is regression. Brown, [estat, Fr.] Estate ; sign- 
iory ; possession. Daniel. Mode of government. 
Setden. The community ; the publick ; the con> 
mbnwealth. Sliak. — Single state. Individuality. 
Sliak. — Civil power ; not ecclesiastical. Leslie. A 
republick; a government not monarchical. Dry- 
den. Rank ; condition ; quality. Shak. Solemn 
pomp; appearance of greatness, [staet, Su. Goth.] 
Roscommon. Dignity ; grandeur. Bacon. A seat 
of dignity. Shak. A canopy ; a covering of digni- 
ty. Bacon. A person of high rank. — Wits, Fits, 
and Fancies. The principal persons in the govern- 
ment. Milton. — Joined with another word, it signi- 
fies publick : as, state-affairs. Bacon. 

To STATE, state, v. a. [constater, Fr.] To settle ; to 
regulate. Decay of Chr. Piety. To represent in 
all the circumstances of modification. Hammond. 

STATEDLY*, sta'-ted-le. ad. Regularly ; not occa- 
sionally. Philosoph. Lett, on Physiognom. 

STATELINESS, state'-le-nes. n.s. Grandeur; ma- 
jestick appearance ; august manner ; dignity. 
$G9dh. Appeal ance of pride; affected dignity. 
Beaumont. 

STATELY, state'-le. a. [slaetelig, Su. Goth.] Au- 
gust; grand; lofty; elevated; majestick ; magnif- 
icent. Shakspeare. Elevated in mien or sentiment. 
Dry den.. 

STA ; TELY, state'-le. ad. Majesticallv. Milton. 

STATEMENT* state'-ment. n. s. "The arrange- 
ment of a series of facts or circumstances. Malone. 
The facts or circumstances so arranged ; the thing 
stated. Malone. 

STATEMONGER*, state'-mimg-gur. n. s. [state 
and manger.'] One who is versed in the arts of gov- 
ernment : perhaps in contempt for an over-busy 
politician. Ld. Keeper Williams. 

STATEROOM, state'-roAm, n. s. A magnificent 
room in a palace or great house. 

STATES, stats, n. s. pi. Nobility. Shakspeare. 

STATESMAN, stats'-man. 88. n.s. A politician; 
one versed in the arts of government. B. Jonson. 
One employed in publick affairs. Sliak. One who 
occupies his own estate ; a small landholder. 

STATESWOMAN, stats'-wum-un. n.s\ A woman 
who meddles with publick affairs : in contempt. B. 
Jonson. 

STATICAL, stat'-te-kal. )a. Relating to the science 

STATICK, stat'-tfk. 509. ) of weighing. Brown. 

STATICKS, stat'-tiks. n. s. [aranKii, Gr. ; stahque, 
Fr.] The science which considers the weight of 
bodies. Bentley. 

STATION S, suV-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; statio, Lat.] The 
act of standing. Hooker. A state of rest. Brown. 
A place where any one is placed. Hay ward. Post 
assigned; office. Milton. Situation; position. 
Creech. Employment; office. Nelson. Charac- 
ter; state. Milton. Rank; condition of life. Dnj- 
iien. 



To STATION, sta'-shfin. v. a. To place in a cer- 
tain post, rank, or place. Ld. L:tteUon. 

STATIONARY, sta'-sh5n-a-re. a. [stationnaire, 
Fr.] Fixed ; not progressive. Wotton. Respecting 
place. Brown. Belonging to a stationer. 

^CF° This word, though not noticed by Jonnson, is used to 
signify the goods of a stationer: such as books, paper, 
and other commodities for writing. The reason why 
a seller of paper is called a stationer, is, that formerly 
the sellers of paper were itinerants or pedlers ; and 
that, as the trade became more important, they took a 
stand or station, which gave a name to the profession 
W. 

STATIONER, sta'-sh&n-ur. 98. n. s. A bookseller. 
Dryden. A seller of paper. 

STA'TISM*, sta'-tfzm. n. s. Policy; the arts of gov- 
ernment. South. 

STATIST, sta/-tfst. n. s. A statesman; a politician; 
one skilled in government. SJiakspeare. 

STATISTIC AL* sta-fis'-te-kal. )a. Political. 

STATFSTICK*, sta-uV-t?k. \ This word, 

as well as the substantive, is of very recent date in 
our language. 

STATFSTICKS*, sta-tls'-tlks. n. s. That part of 
municipal philosophy, which states and defines the 
situation, strength, and resources, of a nation. 

STATUARY, stat'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [statuaire, Fr. ; 
statua,_ Lat.] The art of carving images or repre 
sentations of life. Hakewill. One that practises or 
professes the art of making statues. Addison. 

STATUES, stal'-tshu. 463. n. s. [statue, Fr.; statua, 
Lat.] An image; a solid representation of any liv- 
ing being. S/iakspeare. 

To STATUE, stat'-tshu. v. a. To place as a statue ; 
to form as a statue. Shakspeare. 

!Fo ST ATU'MIN ATE*, sta-tu'-me-nate. »• «• [statu- 
mino, Lat.] To support; to underprop. B. Jonson. 
Oh. T. 

STATURE §, stat'-tshure. 463. n.s. [Fr.; statura. 
Lat/1 The height of any animal. Brown. 

STATURE D*, stat'-tshurd. a. Arrived at full stat- 
ure. J. Hall. 

STATUTABLE, stat'-tshu-ta-bl. a. According to 
statute. Addison. 

STATUTABLY, stat'-tshu-ta-ble. ad. In a manner 
agreeable to law. Warlon. 

STATUTES, stai'-tshme. 463. n.s. [statut, Fr. ; 
statutimi, Lat.] A law; an edict of the legislature. 
Spenser. 

STATUTORY*, stat'-tshu-tur-e. a. Enacted by 
statute. Dr. Johnson. 

STAUNCH*. See Stanch. 

To STAVES, stave, v. a. To break in pieces: used 
originally of barrels made cf small parts or staves. 
Dryden. To push away as with a staff. B. Jonson. 
To pour out by breaking the cask. Sandys. To 
furnish with rundles or staves. Knolles. 

To STAVE, stave, v.n. To fight with staves. Hu- 
dibras. 

To STAVE and Tail. v.n. To part dogs, by inter- 
posing a staff, and by pulling the tail. Hudibras. 

STAVE*, stave, n. s. A metrical ponion ; a staff; a 
common term for the verse of one of the psalms ap- 
pointed to be sung. 

STAVES, stavz. n.s. The plural of staff. Spenser. 

STA'VESACRE, suW-a-kfir. n. s. JLarkspur : a 
plant. 

Tb STAYS, sta. 220. v.n. [staa, Su. Goth. ; staen, 
Dutch.] To continue in a place ; to brbear depar- 
ture. Shak. To continue in a state. Dryden.. To 
wait ; to attend ; to forbear to act. Ruth, i. To 
stop ; to stand still. Spenser. To dwell ; to oelong. 
Dryden. To rest confidently. Isa. xxx. To wait; 
to give ceremonious or submissive attendance. 
Sliakspeare. 

To STAY, sta. v. a. To stop ; to withhold ; to re- 
press. Hooker. To delay ; to obstruct ; to hinder 
from progression. Spenser. To keep from depar- 
ture. St. Luke, iv. To wait for ; to stay for. SvtM- 
ser. [estayer, Fr.] To prop ; to support ; to hold up 
Hooker. 

STAY, sta. n. s. [estaye, Fr.] Continuance in a place; 
876 



STE 



STE 



-n6, move, ndr, ndl; — tube, tub, bfill 3 611; — p6und; — thin, THis. 



forbearance of departure. Shak. Stand j cessation 
of progression. Bacon. A stop; an obstruction ; a 
hinderance from progress. Fairfax. Restraint ; 
prudence ; caution 3 discreet steadiness 3 sobriety of 
judgement. Spenser. A fixed state. Donne. A 
prop ; a support. Hooker. Tackling. Pope. Steadi- 
ness of conduct. 

STATED, slide. 222. part. a. Fixed; settled; seri- 
ous; not volatile. Bacon. 

STA'YEDLY, stade'-le. ad. Composedly 3 gravely 5 
prudently; soberly; calmly ; judiciously. 

STA'YEDNESS, stade'-ngs. n. s. Solidity; weight. 
Camden. Composure 5 prudence; gravity; judi- 
ciousness. Wliately. 

STA'YER, sta'-ur. \)8. n. s. One who stops, holds, 
or supports. A. Philips. 

STA'YLACE, sla'-lase. n. s. A lace with which wo- 
men fasten their bodice. Swift. 

STA'YLESG*, sti'-l&s. a. Without stop or delay. 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

STA YMAKER* sta'-ma-kfir. n. s. One that follows 
the trade of making slays. Spence. 



[without a singular.] Bodice ; 



STAYS, staze. 

a kind of stiff waistcoat made of whalebone, worn 
by women. Gay. Ropes in a ship to keep the mast 
from falling aft. Harris, [pfcabe, Sax.] Station; 
fixed anchorage. Sid?iey. Any support ; any thing 
that keeps another extended. Dryaen. 
To STAW*, slaw. v. n, [staa, Su. Goth.] To be 
fixed or set; to stand still. Applied to a cart when 
fixed in a rut 3 and to the stomach, when it is cram- 
med. 

STEAD, sled, being in the name of a place that is 
distant from any river, comes from the Sax. pfceb, 
rfcyb, a place ; but if it be upon a river, or har- 
bour, it is to be derived from pfcafre, a shore or 
station for ships. Gibson. 

STEAD §, sted. 234. [See Instead.] n. s. [stad, 
Golh. ; yfceb, Sax. ; sted, Dan. and Germ. 3 slede, 
Dutch.] Place. Spenser. Room ; place which 
another had or might have. Hooker. Use 3 help. 
The frame of a bed. Dryden. — To stand in stead. 
To be ofgreat use; to help; to advantage. Hooker. 

To STEAD, sle'd. ». a. To help ; to advantage 3 to 
support ; to assist. Sidney. To fill the place of an- 
other. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

STEA'DFAST §, sted'-fast. a. [rtebpaj-te, Sax.] 
Fast in place j firm 5 fixed. Spenser. Constant} 
resolute. 1 Peter, v. Not turned aside by fear, 
Dryden. 

STEADFASTLY, stgd'-fast-le. ad. Firmly j con- 
stantly. South. 

STEADFASTNESS, stgd'-fast-nes. n. s. Immuta- 
bility; fixedness. Spenser. Firmness; constancy 3 
resolution. 

STEA'DIL Y, sled'-e-le. ad. Without tottering ; with- 
out shaking. South. Without variation or irregu- 
larity. Blackmore. 

STEA DINESS, sted'-e-ngs. n. s. [rtebi£nyrre, 
Sax.] Slate of being not tottering nor easily shak- 
en. Firmness 3 constancy. Arbuthnol. Consistent, 
unvaried conduct. L 'Estrange. 

STEADY, st£d'-e. a. [rfcebi£, Sax.] Firm 3 fixed 3 
not tottering. Sidney. Regular 3 constant 3 unde- 

not 



ring; 



viating; unremitted. Milton. Not waver 
fickle 3 not chang 
attention. Milton. 

To STEA'DY* sted'-e. v. a. To make steady. 
White. 

STEAK, stake. 240. n. s. [rfcicce, Sax.] A slice of 
flesh broiled or fried ; a collop. Taller. 

To STEAM, stele. 227. v. a. preterit I stole; part, 
pass, stolen, [sliktn, Goth. ; stela, Icel. ; pfcelan, 
Sax.] To take by theft ; to take clandestinely ; to 
take without right. Shak. To withdraw or convey 
without notice. Spenser. To gain or effect by pri- 
vate and gradual means. Shakspeare. 

To STEAL, stele, v. n. To withdraw privily 3 to pass 
silently. Sidney. To practise theft 3 to play the 
thief. Locke. 

STEA'LER, ste'-lur. 98. n. s. One who steals 3 a 
thief. Shakspeare. 



ste. X n. s. A ladder. 



STEA / LINGLY,st6'-flng-lA.410. ad. Slyly} by in- 
visible motion. By secret practice. Sidney. 

STEALTH $, sl&Mi. 234, 515. n. s. The act of steal- 
ing 5 theft. Spenser. The thing stolen. Spenser. 
Secret act ; clandestine practice. — By stealth means 
secretly ; clandestinely ; and is often used in a good 
sense. Hooker. 

STEA'LTHY, steltfi'-e. a. Done clandestinely ; per- 
formed by stealth. Shakspeare. 

STEAM §, steme. 227. w. s. [)-fceme, Sax.] The 
smoke or vapour of any thing moist and hot. Ba- 
con. 

To STEAM, steme. v.n. [rteman, Sax.] To smoke 
or vapour with moist heat. Philips. To send up 
vapours. Milton. To pass in vapours. Spenser. 

To STEAM*, steme. v. a. To exhale j to evaporate. 
Spenser. 

STEAN, slene. n.s. [rtena,Sax.] A vessel of stone 5 
ajar. Spenser. 

STEATO'MA, sle-a-t6'-ma. n. s. [m-afro/ia.] A 
species of wen. Sliarp. 

STEE* ' 

STEY* 

STEED, steed. 246. n.s. [rtebe, Sax.] A horse for 
state or war. Shakspeare. 

STEEL $, steel. 246. n. s. [rfcal, rfcyle, Sax. ; stad, 
Dutch ystal, Icel. 5 a stel, Su. Goth.] A kind of iron, 
refined and purified by the fire with other ingre- 
dients, which renders it white, and its grain closer 
and finer than common iron. Steel is susceptible 
of the greatest degree of hardness, when well tem- 
pered 3 whence its great use in the making of tools 
and instruments of all kinds. Chambers. It is often 
used metonymically for weapons or armour. Shak. 
Chalybeate medicines. Arbulhnot. It is used pro- 
verbially for hardness: as, heads of steel. 

STEEL, steel, a. Made of steel. Chapman. 

To STEEL, steel, v. a. To point or edge with steel 
Sliak. To make hard or firm. It is used, if it be 
applied to the mind, very often in a bad sense. 
Shakspeare. 

STEE'LY, stee'-le. a. Made of steel. Shak. Hard 5 
firm ; unmoved 3 unfeeling. Sidney. 

STEE LYARD, steel'-yard. n. s. [steel and yard.] 
A kind of balance, in which the weight is moved 
along an iron rod, and grows heavier as it is re- 
moved farther from the fulcrum. Warton. 

§£f This word, in common usage among those who weigh 
heavy bodies, has contracted its double e into single *, 
and "is pronounced as if written stilyard. This con- 
traction is so common in compound words of this kind 
as to become an idiom of pronunciation, which cannot 
be easily counteracted without opposing the current of 
the language. — See Principles, No. 515, and the word 
Knowledge. W. 



STEEN, 



A vessel of clay or stone. 



\N| S st ^ n ' \ "see i 

STEE'NKIRK* steen'-k^rk. n. s. Formerly a cant 
term for a neckcloth. King. 

STEEP §, st&p. 246. a. [pfceap, Sax. 3 steypa, Su. 
Goth.] Rising or descending with great inclina- 
tion ; precipitous. Ezekiel, xxxviii. 

STEEP, steep, n. s. Precipice; ascent or descent 
approaching to perpendicularity. Milton. 

To STEEP, steep, v. a. [stippen, Dutch.] To soak; 
to macerate; to imbue; to dip. Spenser. 

STEE'PINESS* ste'-pe-nSs. n. s. State or quality 
of being steep. Howell. 

STEE'PLE $, stee'-pl. 40 
Sax j A turret of a church generally furnished with 
bell.' 3 a spire. Shakspeare. 

STEP/PLED*, stee'-pld. a. Towered ; adorned as 
with towers. Fairfax. 

STEETLEHOUSE*, stee'-pl-h6use. n. s. A term 
given by separatists to the churches of the estab- 
lished religion. Featley. 

STEEPLY, steep'-le. ad. With precipitous declivity. 

STEE'PNESS, steep'-n&s. n. *. Precipitous declivi- 
ty. Brerewood. 

STEETY, steep'-e. a. Having aprecipitous declivi- 
ty : a poetical word for steep. Wotton. 

STEER, steer. 246. n.s. {stiurs, Goth. ; rfcype, 
877 



n. s. [rtepel, ptypei, 
generally furnished with 



STE 



STE 



0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— -me, mSt;— pine, pin ;— 



rteop, Sax. ; stier, Germ.] A young bullock. 

Spenser. 

To STEER$, steer, v. a. [stiuran, Goth. 5 rfceop.au, 

, j'typan, Sax. ; stieren, Dutch.] To direct ; to guide 

in a passage : originally used of a ship, but applied 

to other things, Gower. 

To STEER, steer. 246. v. n. To direct a course at 

sea. Milton. To conduct himself. 
STEER*, steer, n. s. The instrument at the stern of 

a vessel by which its course is regulated. Gower. 
STEE'RAGE, steer'-ldje. 90. ft. s. The act or prac- 
tice of steering. Spectator. Direction; regulation 
of a course. Shak* That by which any course is 
guided. Dryden. "Regulation, or management of 
any thing. Swift. The stern or hinder part of the 
ship. 
STEE'RER*, steer'-ur. n. s. A steersman ; a pilot. 

Pearson. 
STEE'RLESS*, steer'-lgs. a. Having no steer or 

rudder. Gower. 
STEE'RSxMATE, steerz'-mate. )?i. s. [ r fceope r - 
STEE'RSMAN, sleerz'-man. 88. ) mon, Sax.] A 

pilot. Mirror for Magistrates. 
STEG §*, steV. n. s. [stegge, Icel.] A gander. 
STEGANO'GRAPHIST, steg-a-ndg'-ra-fist. n. s. 
[artyavbs and ypdQw.] One who practises the art 
of secret writing. Bailey. 
STEGANO'GRAPHY.st^g-a-n&g'-graf-fe.SlS.n.s. 
[oTeyavbs and ypdQw.] The art of secret writing 
by characters or ciphers, intelligible only to the 
persons who correspond one with another. Burton. 
STEGNO'TICK, steg-not'-tfk. 509. a. [<jTtyvur LK h.] 

Binding; rendering costive. Bailey. 
STE'LE n. s. [ptela, Sax.; stele, Dutch.] A stalk; 

a handle. 
STELLAR§, slel'-lar. 88. a. [from stdla.] Astral; 

relating to the slars. Milton. 
STE'LLARY*, stel'-lar-e. a. Astral ; starry. Stulce- 

ley. 
STE'LLATE, stelMate. a. [stellatus, Lat.] Pointed 

in the manner of a painted star. Boyle. 
STELLA'TION, stel-la'-sh&n. n.s. Emission of light 

as from a star. 
STEELED, slelMgd. a. Starry. Sliakspeare. 
STELLFFEROUS, stel-uY-fgr-us, a. [stella and fe- 

ro. Lat.l Having stars. Diet. 
To STE LLIFY*, stel'-le-fl. v. a. [stella and/cww, 
Lat.] To make a star; to turn into a star. Chaucer. 
STE'LLPON, stel'-y&n. re. s. [stellio, Lat.] A newt. 

Ainsworth. 
STE'LLPONATE, stel'-yun-ate. n.s. [stellionat,Fr.-, 
slellionatus, Lat.] A kind of crime which is com- 
mitted by a deceitful selling of a thing otherwise 
than it really is : as if a man should sell that for his 
own estate which is actually another man's. Bacon. 
STELO'GRAPHY*, stgl-og'-ra-fe. n. s. [arr^oypa- 
<bia.~\ The art of writing upon a pillar. Stackhonse. 
STEM$, st&m. n.s. [stemma, Lat. ; rxemn, Sax. ; 
staium, Germ.] The stalk ; the twig. Sliakspeare. 
[slaemma, Swed. ; stamm, Germ.] Family; race; 
generation. Pedigrees are drawn in the form of a 
branching tree. Milton. Progeny ; 1. ranch of a 
family. Sliak. [stafu, Icel.] The prow or forepart 
of a ship. Dryden. 
To STEM, stem. v. a. [slaemma. Su. Goth.] To op- 
pose a current ; to pass cross or forward notwith- 
standing the stream. Milton. 
STENCH $, stensh. n.s. [r-tencan, Sax.] A stink; a 

bad smell. Sliakspeare. 
To STENCH, stensh. v. a. To make to stink. Mor- 
timer. [for staunch, corruptly.] To stop; to hinder 
to flow. Harvey. 
STE'NCHY*, stensh'-e. a. Having a bad smell. 

STENOGRAPHY, ste-n&g'-graf-fe. n.s. [c T tvb$ and 
ypod>w.] The art of writing in short hand. Feltham. 

To STENT*, stent, v. a. To restrain; to stint. See 
Stint. Spenser. 

STENTO'RIAN*, sten-to'-re-an. a. Loud; uncom- 
monly loud. Sir T. Herbert. 

STENTOROPHO'NICK, sten-t6-r6-fiW-]k. a. 
[from Stentor, the Homerical herald, whose voice 



was as loud as that of fifty men, and 6u>vh, a voice.] 
Loudly speaking or sounding. Hudibras. 
To STEP§, step. v.n. [rTseppan, Sax.'; stappen, 
Dutch.] To move by a single change of the place 
of the foot. Wilkins'. To advance by a sudden 
progression. John, v. To move mentally. Watts. 
To go; to walk. Shak. To come as it were by 
chance. Addison. To take a short walk. Sliuk. 
To walk gravely, slowly, or resolutely. Knolles. 
STEP, step. n.s. [rta?p,'Sax.; stop, Dutch.] Pro- 
gression by one removal of the foot. Shak. One 
remove in climbing ; hold for the foot ; a stair. 
Knolles. Quantity of space passed or measured 
by one removal of the foot. Arbuthnot. A small 
length ; a small space. 1 Sam. xx. Walk ; passage : 
in the plural. Dryden. Gradation ; degree. Per- 
kins. Progression ; act of advancing. Newton. 
Footstep ; print of the foot. Dryden. Gait ; manner 
of walking. Prior. Action ; instance of conduct 
Pope. 
STEP, in composition, signifies one who is related 
only by marriage : as, a step-mother, [yceop, 
Sax., from r-fcepan, to deprive, or make an orphan.] 
Hooker. 
STE'PPING*, step'-plng. n. s. The act of going for- 
ward by steps. More. 
STETPINGSTONE, stey-p?ng-st6ne. «• *■ Stone 
laid to catch the foot, and save it from wet or dirt. 
Sivifl. 
STER*. Used in composition : as, icebsier, maltster, 

spinster, &c. [rfceope, Sax.] 
STERCORACEOUS §, su?r-k6-ra/-shfis. 357. a. 
[stercorosus, Lat.] Belonging lodung; partaking 
of the nature of dung. Arbuthnot. 
STERCORA'TION,ster-k6-ra'-slifiii. n.s. [stercora, 
Lat.] The act of dunging ; the act of manuring 
with dung. Bacon. 
STEREOGRATIHCIv^ste-re-o-graf-fk. a. Delin- 
eated on a plane ; done according to the rules of 
stereography. Jlnd. 
STEREOGRAPHY, ^ sle-re-V-graf-fe. 51-8. n. s. 
[arepebs and ypd{j».v.] The art of drawing the forms 
of solias nuon a plane. Planis. 
STEREOMETRY, ste-ie-om'-me-tre. 518. n. s. 
[cTEpebs and fxcrptm.] The art of measuring all sorts 
of solid bodies. Harris. 
STEREOTOMY*, ste-re-ot'-to-me.n.s. [crzpcbs and 
j-E/mOi] The art of cutting solids; as, walls, arch- 
es, <SoC. 

STE'REOTYPE*, ste'-re-o-tlpc. n.s. [crtptbg and 
76x0$.] A multiform solid type; a type-metal plate 
to print from at the letter-press ; the art of making 
type-metal plates, or other solid multiform types. 

STE'REOTYPE*, ste'-re-c-tlpe. )a. Perlain- 

STEREOTYPXCK*, s.e-re-6-tip / -?k. ^ ing to ste- 
reotype. Entick. 

To STE'REOTYTE*, ste-re-6-tipe. v. a. To make 
type-metal plates to print from at the letter-press, 
or any other multiform solid types. Entick. 

STE'REOTYPER*, ste'-re-o-tl-pur. n.s. One who 
stereotypes. Entick. 

STEREOTYPO'GRAPHER* ste : re-6-te-p6g'-ra- 
f&r. n. s. A stereotype printer. Entick. 

STEREOTYPO'GRAPHY*, ste-re-6-te-p6g'-ra- 
<e. n.s. The art of stereotype printing. Entick. 

STE'RILE $, steV-ril. a. [sterile, Fr.; sterilis, Lat... 
from QTclpoi, Gr.] Barren ; unfruitful ; not produc- 
tive; wanting fecundity. Sliakspeare. 

STERI'LITY, ste-ril'-e-te. n. s. [sterilile, Fr. ; steril- 
itas, Lat.] Barrenness ; want of fecundity ; unfruit- 
fulness. Bacon. 

To STE'RILIZE, steV-rn-lze. v. a. To make bar- 
ren ; to deprive of fecundity, or the power of pro- 
duction. Woodward. 

STE RLING §, suV-lmg. 410. a. [from the Easter- 
lings, who were employed as coiners.] An epithet 
by which genuine English money is discriminated. 
Bacon. Genuine ; having past the test. Swift. 

STE'RLING, steV-llng. n.s. [sterlingum, low Lat.] 
English coin ; money. Standard rate. Leake. 

STERN $, stern, a. [rfcypn, Sax.] Severe of coun- 
tenance ; truculent of aspect. Shak. Severe of 
878 



STI 



ST1 



-ihS, move, n6r. nAt;— tube, fib, boll;— Ail ;— pdfind;— </nn, THis. 



manners ; harsh ; unrelenting ; cruel. Shak. Hard ; 
afflictive. Shakspeare. 
STERN, stem. n. s. [stiorna, Icel.] The hind part 
of the ship where the rudder is placed. Watts. Post 
of management : direction. Sliak. The hinder 



part of any thing. Spenser. 
5TE RNAGE, stem'-idje. 90. 



STE RNAGE, steW-Idje. 90. n. s. The steerage or 

stem. Shakspeare. Ob. J, 
STE RNED*, sternd. a. Having a particular kind 
of stern: a naval expression : as, a square-stern^/, 
or a pivk-sUrned vessel. 
STE RNLY, stern'-le. ad. [ptypnlice, Sax.] In a 

stern manner ; severely; truculently. Chapman. 
BTE RNNESS, stern'-nes. n. s. Severity of look. 
Spenser. Severity or harshness of manners. Dry- 
den. 
STE'RNON, steV-o&n. 166. n. s. [aripvov.] The 

breast-bone. Wiseman. 
STERNUTA'TION$. ster-nu-ta'-shfin. ».*. [sternu- 

tatio. LatJ The act of sneezing. Quincy. 
STERNUTATIVE, sier-mY-ta-tiv. a. [sternutatif, 

Fr.] Having the quality of provoking to sneeze. 
STERNU'TATORY, ster-nu'-ta-tur-e. 512, 557. 
[See Domestick.] n. s. [sternutatoire, Fr.] Medi- 
cine that provokes to sneeze. Brown. 
STERQUILI'NOUS* stgr-kwe-U'-n&s. a. [sterqui- 
linium, Lat.] Mean ; dirty ; paltry. Howell. Ob. T. 
To STE RYE*, sterve. v.n. [p-aeppian, Sax.; ster- 
fm, Germ.] To perish; to starve. Spenser. Ob. T. 
STE'VEN, ste'-vn. n. s. [pcepen, Sax.] A cry, or 

loud clamour. Spenser. 
To STEW §, stu. v. a. [esluver, Fr ; sloven, Dutch.] 
To seethe any thing in a slow, moist heat, with 
little water. Sliakspeare. 
To STEW, stu. v. n. To be seethed in a slow, moist 

heat. 
STEW, stu. n. s. [estate, Fr. ; stvfa, Ital.] A bagnio; 
a hot-house. Spenser. A brothel ; a house of pros- 
titution. Ascham. A prostitute. Sir A. Weldon. 
[slowen, Dutch.] A store-pond ; a small pond 
where fish are kept for the table. Chaucer. Meat 
slewed : as, a stew of veal, beef, or the like. Shak. 
Confusion : as when the air is full of dust, smoke, 
or steam. Gross. 
STE WARD §.suV-urd. 88. n. s. [rtipapb, Sax.] 
One wno manages the affairs of another. Spenser. 
An officer of state. Slvxkspeare. 
To STE' WARD*, suV-Qrd. v. a. To manage as a 

steward. Fuller. 
STE' WARDSHIP, stiV-urd-ship. n. s. The office 

of a steward. Shakspeare. 
STE'WISH*, stu'-ish. a. Suiting the brothel or 

stews. Bp. Hall. 
STE'WPAN, suV-pan. n. s. A pan used for stewing. 
STIBIAL, stib'-be-al. a. [stibium, Lat.] Antimo- 

nial. Harvey. 
STIBIA'RIAN, stfb-e-a'-re-an. n. s. [stibium, Lat.] 
A violent man; from the violent operation of anti- 
monv. White. Ob. J. 
STIBIUM*, suV-e-um. n.s. [Lat.] Antimony. 

Collop. 
STFCADOS, stlk'-a-dos. n. s. [sticadis, Lat.] An 

herb. Ainsworth. 
STICH*, stik. n. s. [orfyos.] A stich, in poetry, is 
a I'erse, whatsoever kinds or parts it may consist 
of: a verse is a measured line of any length. In 
rural affairs, a stich is an order or rank of trees ; 
and a verse a furrow. This term is used in num- 
bering the books of Scripture. 
STICHCVMETRY*, ste-kom'-e-tre. n.s. [ffri X os and 
uirpov. J A catalogue of books of Scripture, to which 
is added the number of the verses which each book 
contains. Lardner. 
STICK, stik. 400. n.s. [rfcicca, Sax.] Apiece of 
wood small and long. Bacon. Many instruments 
long and slender are called sticks, [stick, Swed.] 
A thrust ; a stab. 
To STICK §, silk. v. a. preterit stuck ; part, passive 
stuck, [pxican, pfcician, Sax.] To fasten on so as 
that it may adhere. Dryden. 
To STICK, stik. v. n. To adhere ; to unite itself by 
its tenacity or penetrating power. Ezek. xxix. To 



be inseparable ; to be united with anything. Sliak, 
To rest upon the memory painfully. Bacon. To 
stop; to lose motion. Kettlewell. To resist emis- 
sion. Shak. To be constant to; to adhere with 
firmness. Hammond. To be troublesome by ad 
herlng. Pope. To remain ; not to be lost. Watts 
To dwell upon; not to forsake. Locke. To cause 
difficulties or scruple. Swift. To scruple ; to hes- 
itate. Bacon. To be stopped; to be unable to pro- 
ceed. Sliak. To be embarrassed ; to be puzzled 
Locke. — To stick out. To be prominent with de- 
formity. Job, xxxiii. To refuse compliance. 
To STICKS, stik. v. a. [ptician, Sax.; sticken, 
Teut.] To stab ; to pierce with a pointed instru- 
ment. Grew. To fix upon a pointed body ; as, He 
stuck the fruit upon his knife. To fasten by trans- 
fixion. Dryden. To set with something pointed. 
Dryden. 
STPCKINESS, suV-ke-n6s. n.s. Adhesive quality] 

viscosity ; glutinousness ; tenacity. 
To STPCKLE $, stik'-kl. 405. v. n. [from the prac- 
tice of prizefighters, who placed seconds with 
staves or sticks to interpose occasionally^ To take 
part with one side or other. Hudibras. To contest j 
to altercate ; to contend rather with obstinacy than 
vehemence. Cleaveland. To trim ; to play fast and 
loose ; to act a part between opposites. Dryden. 
To STFCKLE*, stik'-kl. v. a. To arbitrate. Dray- 
ton. 
STPCKLEBAG, stik'-kl-bag. n. s. [properly stickle-- 

hack.] The smallest of fresh-water fish. Walton. 
STFCKLER, stik'-kl-fir. 98. n. s. A sidesman to 
fencers ; a second to a duellist ; one who stands to 
judge a combat ; an arbitrator. Sidney. An obsti 
nate contender about any thing. Boyle. A small 
officer who cut wood for the priory of Ederose with- 
in the king's parks of Clarendon. Cowel. 
STI'CKY, stnV-ke. a. Viscous ; adhesive ; glutinous. 

Bacon. 
STI DDY* stid'-de. n. s. [stedia, Icel.] An anvil , 

x also, a smith's shop. 
STIFFS, stiff, a. [rfcip, Sax.; stiff, Dan.; sly f. 
Swed.] Rigid ; inflexible ; resisting flexure ; not 
flaccid; not limber; not easily flexible; not pliant. 
Milton. Not soft ; not giving way ; not fluid ; not 
easily yielding to the touch. Dryden. Strong; not 
easily resisted. Denham. Hardy; stubborn; not 
easily subdued. SlwJc. Obstinate; pertinacious. 
Hooker. Harsh ; not written with ease ; constrain- 
ed. Gondibert. Formal ; rigorous in certain cere- 
monies ; not disengaged in behaviour j starched ; 
affected. Addison. Strongly maintained, or as- 
serted with good evidence. Sliakspeare. 
To STPFFEN, stif-f'n. 103. v.a. [pfcip-ian, Sax.] 
To make stiff; to make inflexible ; to make unpli- 
ant. 2 Chron. xxxvi. To make torpid. Dryden 
and Lee. 
To STIFFEN, stlf-fn. ». n. To grow stiff; to grow 
rigid ; to become unpliant. Dryden. To grow- 
hard ; to be hardened. Dryden. To grow less sus- 
ceptive of impression ; to grow obstinate. Dryden, 
STI'FFHEARTED, stiff-hart'-eU a. Obstinate 

stubborn ; contumacious. Ezek. ii. 
STI'FFLY, stiff'-le. ad. Rigidly; inflexibly; stub- 

bornlv. Hooker. Strongly. Shakspeare. 
STI FFNECKED, stiff-nekt. 366. a. [stiff and neck.l 

Stubborn ; obstinate ; contumacious. Spenser. 
STIFFNESS, stiff-nes. n. s. [rfcipnepre. Sax.; 
Rigidity ; inflexibility ; hardiness ; ineptitude to 
bend. Bacon. Ineptitude to motion; torpidness 
Denham. Tension ; not laxity. Dryden. Obstina 
cy; stubbornness; contumaciousness. Wolton. Un 
pleasing formality ; constraint. Atterhury. Rigo 
rousness; harshness. Spenser. Manner of writing, 
not easv, but harsh and constrained. Felton. 
ToSTI'FLES.stl'-fl. 405. v. a. [estoufer, Fr.] To 
oppress or kill by closeness of air ; to suffocate 
Milton. To keep in ; to hinder from emission 
Newton. To extinguish by hindering communicaV 
tion. To extinguish bv artful or gentle means. Ad\ 



dison. To suppress ; to conceal. Oiway. 
press artfully or fraudulently. Rogers, 
879 



To sup 



STI 



STI 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ;— 



STPFLE*, stl'-fl. n. s. The first joint above a horse's 

thigh next the buttock. Mason. 
STFFLEMENT*, stl'-fl-ment. n. s. Something that 

might be suppressed or concealed. Brewer. 
To STIGH*. See To Sty. 

STI'GMA §, st?g'-ma. 92. n. s. [stigma, Lat.J A 
brand ; a mark with a hot iron. A mark of infa- 
my. Sir G. Buck. 
STIGMA'TICAL, stlg-mat'-te-kal. ) a. Branded 
STFGMATICK, stig-mat'-iik. 509. ) or marked 
with some token of infamy, or deformity. iSM- 
speare. 
STFGMATICK*, stig-mat'-tlk, or stlg'-ma-tik. n. s. 
A notorious, lewd fellow, who hath been burnt with 
a hot iron; or beareth other marks about him, as 
a token of his punishment. Bullokar. One on 
whom nature has set a mark of deformity. Steevens. 

STIGMA'TICALLY*, stlg-mal'-e-kal-le. ad. With 
a mark of infamy or deformity. Wonder of a King- 
dom. 
To STFGMATIZE, stlg'-ma-tke. v. a. [stigmatiser , 
Fr.] To mark with a brand ; to disgrace with a 
note of reproach. Burton. 

STFLAR, stl'-lar. a. Belonging to the stile of a dial. 
Moxon. 

STILE, stile, n.s. [rr;i#ele, from T^i^an, Sax.] 
A set of steps to pass from one enclosure to an- 
other. Shak. [stile, Fr.J A pin to cast the shad- 
ow in a sun-dial. This should rather be style. 
Moxon. See Style. 

STILE' TTO, stil-let'-t6. n.s. [Ital.; stilet, Fr.] A 
small dagger, of which the blade is not edged, but 
round, with a sharp point. Hakewill. 

To STILL $, still. ». a. f yfcillan, Sax. ; slillen, Dut. ; 
stillen, Germ.] To silence ; to make silent. Shak. 
To quiet; to appease. Bacon. To make motion- 
less. Woodward. 

STILL, still, a. [j-fcille, Sax. ; slil, Dutch.] Silent; 
making no noise. Sliak. Quiet ; calm. Spenser. 
Motionless. Sidney. Continual ; constant. Sliak. 
Gentle ; not loud. 1 Kings, xix. 

STILL, still, n. s. [stille, Germ.] Calm ; silence. Shak. 

STILL, still, ad. [ r fcille, Sax.] To this time ; till 
now. Bacon. Nevertheless ; notwithstanding. Ad- 
dison. In an increasing degree. South. Always; 
ever ; continually. Hocker. After that. Whitgift. I 
In continuance. Shakspeare. 

STILL $, still, n. s. [from distil.'] A vessel for dis- 
tillation ; an alembick. Cleaveland. 

To STILL, still, v. a. To distil ; to extract or ope- 
rate upon by distillation. Barret. 

To STILL, still, v.n. [stillo, Lat.] To drop; to fall 
in drops. Chapman. Ob. J. 

STILL-LIFE*, stil'-llfe. n. s. [a term in painting.] 
Things that have only vegetable life, mason. 

STILLATFTIOUS, stil-la-tish'-as. a. [stillatitius , 
Lat.] Falling in drops ; drawn by a still. 

STFLLATORY, stil'-la-tur-e. 512,557. n. s. [from 
still or distil.] An alembick ; a vessel in which dis- 
tillation is performed. Bacon. The room in which 
stills are placed ; laboratory. Wolt.on. 

STFLLBORN, st1lF-b6rn. a. [ r fcille-bojiene, Sax.] 
Born lifeless; dead in the birth. Shakspeare. 

3TFLLICIDE, stiF-le-slde. n. s. [stillicidium, Lat.] 
A succession of drops. Bacon. 

3TILLICFDI0US, stll-le-sid'-e-fis. a. Falling in 
drops. Brown. 

STI'LLING, stil'-ling. n.s. The act of stilling. A 
stand for casks. 

STFLLNESS, stilF-nes. n. s. [rteillnevre, Sax.] 
Calm ; quiet ; silence ; freedom from noise. SJiak. 
Habitual silence; taciturnity. Shakspeare. 

STPLLSTAND. stiF-stand. n. s. [still and stand.] 
Absence of motion. SJiakspeare. 

STFLLY, st?l'-le. ad. [rfcihce, Sax.] Silently; not 
loudly; gently. Shak. Calmly; not tumultuously. 
More. 

To STILT §*, stilt, v. a. [slylta, Su. Goth.] To raise 
on stilts ; to make higher by stilts. Young. 

STILTS, stil'.s. n. s. [staula, Icel ; stylia, Su. Goth.] 
Supports on which boys raise themselves when 
they walk. Howell. 



STFMULANT*. stlm'-mu-lant. a. [stimulans, Lat.] 

Stimulating. Falconer. 
STFMULANT*, stim'-mu-lant. n. s. A stimulating 

medicine. Clwtmbers. 
To STIMULATE $, stW-mu-late. v. a. [stimulo, 
Lat.] To prick. To prick forward; to excite by 
some pungent motive. [In physick.] To excite a 
quick sensation, with a derivation towards the part. 
Arbuthnot. 
STIMULATION, stlm-mu-la'-shun. n. s. [stimula- 
te, Lat.] Excitement ; pungency. Bp. Ward. 
STFMULAT1VE*, stim'-mu-ia-liv. a. Stimulating 
Ash. B 

STFMULATIVE*, stim'-mu-la-tiv. n.s. A provoca- 
tive excitement ; that which stimulates. Malone. 
STIPULATOR*, stlm'-mu-la-t&r. n. s. One who 

stimulates. Scott. 
To STING §, sling, v. a. pret. stung, or stang ; part, 
pass, stang, or stung, [rtms'an, Sax.; stungeit, 
Icel.] To pierce or wound with a point darted out, 
as that of wasps or scorpions. SJuik. To pain 
acutely. Pope. 
STING, sting, n. s. [rfcin^, Sax.] A sharp point 
with which some animals are armed, and which is 
commonly venomous. Bacon. Any thing that 
gives pain. Forbes. The point in the last verse : 
as, the sting of an epigram. Dryden. Remorse ot 
conscience. 
STFNGER*, sting'-fir. 409. ».*. Whatever stings 

or vexes. Slierwood. 
STFNGILY, suV-ie-le. ad. Covetously. 
STI'NGINESS, suV-je-nes. n. s. [from stingy.] 
Avarice; covetousness ; niggardliness. Goodman. 
STFNGLESS, sting'-les. a. Having no sting. Bp. 

Hall. 
STFNGO, sting'-gi. n. s. [from the sharpness of the 

taste.] Old beer. Addison. A cant word. 
STI'NGY$, stin'-je. a. [chiche, old Fr.] Covetous ; 

niggardly ; avaricious. Goodman. A low word. 
To STINK §, stlngk. v.n. pret. stunk or stank. 
[rtmcan, Sax. ; stincken, Dutch.] To emit an 
offensive smell, commonly a smell of putrefaction. 
2 Sam. x. 
STINK, stingk. 408. n.s. [rfcmc, Sax.] Offensive 

smell. Bacon. 
STINKARD, slingk'-fird. 38. n.s. A mean, stink- 
ing, paltry lellow. B. Jonson. 
STIN'KER, stingk'-ur. 98. n. s. Something intend- 
ed to offend by the smell. Harvey. 
STFNKINGLY, stingk'-ing-le. 410. ad. With a 

stink. SJiakspeare. 
STFNKPOT, stingk'-p&t. n. s. [slink and pot.] An 
artificial composition offensive to the smell. Harvey. 
To STINT $, stint, v. a. [rfcmtan, Sax. ; shjnta, 
Swed.; stmita, Icel.J To bound ; to limit; to con- 
fine ; to restrain ; to slop. Spenser. 
To STINT*, stint, v. n. To cease ; to slop ; to desist : 

a northern expression. Sackville. 
STINT, stint, n. s. Limit ; bound ; restraint. Hooker. 

A proportion; a quantity assigned. Hooker. 
STINT*, stint, n. s. A small bird common about the 

sea shores in many parts of England. Chambers. 
STFNTANCE*. stinF-anse. n. s. Restraint ; slop- 
page. The London Prodigal. 
STFNTER, stint'-ur. n. s. Whatever or whoever 

stints, restrains, or cramps. South. 
STI' PEN D §, stl'-pend. n. s. [stipendium, Lat.] Wa- 
ges ; settled pay. B. Jonson. 
To STFPEND*, stl'-pend. v. a. To pay by settied 

wages. Shelton. 
STIPENDIARY, stl-pSn'-de-a-re, or stl-pen'-ie-a- 
re. 293, 294, 376. a. Receiving salaries; perlorm- 
ing any service for a stated price. Knolks. 
STIPENDIARY, stl-pen'-de-a-re. n. s. [stipen- 
diaire, Fr.; stipendiaiius , Lat.] One who performs 
any service for a settled pavment. Abbot. 
To STIPPLE*, stlp'-pl. v. «. To engrave, not in 

stroke or line, but in dots. 
STFPTICK. See Styptick. 
To STFPULATE$, stip'-pu-late. cu n. [stipulor, 
Lat.] To contract; to bargain; to settle terms 
Arbuthnot. 



STO 



STO 



-no, move, ndr, n6t ; — tiibe, tab, bull ; — 611 ; — pdflnd; — thin, THis. 



STIPULATION, stip-u-kV-shon. n. s. [Fr.] Bar- 
gain. Father by. 

STIPULATOR. suV-u-la-tar. n. s. One who con- 
tracts or bargains. Sherwood. 

To STIR$, star. 109. v. a. [ptipian. Sax.] To 
move; to remove from its places. Temple. To 
agitate; to bring- into debate. Bacon. To incite; 
to instigate ; to animate. Slink. To raise; to ex- 
cite. Dryden. — To stir up. To incite; to animate; 
to instigate by inflaming die passions. Spenser. To 
put in action; to excite; to. quicken. Isa. xiv. 

To STIR, stur. v. n. To move one's sell'; to go out 
of the place ; to change place. Spenser. To be in 
motion; not to be still; to pass from inactivity to 
motion. To become the object of notice. Walls. 
To rise in the morning : a colloquial use. SJuik. 

STIR, stur. n. s. [stur, Run. ; ystwrf noise, Welsh.] 
Tumult; bustle. Shak. Commotion; publick dis- 
turbance; tumultuous disorder; seditious uproar. 
Spenser. Agitation of thoughts; conflicting pasr 
sion. ShaJcspeare. 

STIRABOUT*, stfir'-a-bdut. n. s. A Yorkshire dish, 
formed of oatmeal boiled in water to a certain 
consistency. Malone. 

STI'RIOUS, stV-e-fis. a. [sliria, Lat.] Resembling 
icicles. Brown. 

STIRK*. SeeSTURK. 

STIRP, sterp. 108. n. s. [stirps, Lat.] Race; family; 
generation. Spenser. Ob. J. 

STIRRAGE*, suV-rldje. n. s. Motion ; act of stir- 
ring. Granger. 

STI RRER, star'-rfir. 98. n. s. One who is in mo- 
tion ; one who puts in motion. B. Jonson. A riser 
in the morning. Shak. An inciter ; an instigator. 
— Stirrer up. An inciter ; an instigator. Raleigh. 

STFRRING*, snV-ring. n. s. [ r fcipin£, Sax.] 
The act of moving. Addison. 

STIRRUP, suV-rup. «. 5. jjti^ejiap, Sax.] An 
iron hoop suspended by a strap, in which the horse- 
man sets his loot when he mounts or rides. Spenser. 

To STITCH §, stltsh. v. a. [sticke, Dan.; slicken, 
Dutch.] To sew ; to work with a needle on any 
thing. To join ; to unite, generally with some de- 
gree of clumsiness or inaccuracy. Wotton. — To 
stitch up. To mend what was rent. Sidjiey. 

To STITCH, stltsh. v. n. To practise needle work. 

STITCH, st'itsh. n. s. A pass of the needle and 
thread through auy thing, [yfcician, Sax.] A 
sharp, lancinating pain. Sluxk. A link of yarn in 
knitting. Motteux. Furrows or ridges. Chapman. 

STI'TCHERY.stush'-ur-e.n.*. Needlework. Shak. 

STFTCHWORT, stltsh'-wurt. n. s. Camomile. 
Ainsworth. 

ST1TH$#, stfc/i. a. [rcifc, Sax.] Strong; stiff. Ray. 

STITH*, slith. n. s. [ftiS, Sax.] An anvil. Chau- 
cer. 

STFTHY, stlTH'-e. n. s. A smith's shop ; and some- 
times merely an anvil, as in parts of the north of 
England. Shakspeare. 

To STFTHY, suTH'-e. v. a. To form on the anvil. 
Shakspeare. 

To STIVER, stive, v. a. [supposed of the same orig- 
inal with stetc] To stuff up close. Sandys. To 
make hot or sultry. Wotton. 

STFVER, sti'-var. n. s. [Dutch.] A Dutch coin 
about the value of a halfpenny. 

STOAT, stdte. n. s. A small stinking animal, of the 
weasel kind. Prior. 

STO'CAH, sto'-ka. n.s. [Irish; stochk, Erse.] An 
attendant; a wal!et-boy. Spenser. Ob. J. 

STOCCA'DE*, st6k-ka.de'. n. s. [stockade, Teut.] 
An enclosure or fence made with pointed stakes. 
Mason. 

STOCCA'DO, stok-ka'-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 
[estoccade, Fr.] A thrust with a rapier. Sluxk. 

STOCK 4, st&k. n.s. [stock, Su. Goth. ; r toc, Sax ; j 
stock, Dutch.] The trunk ; the body of a plant. 

• Spenser. The trunk into which a graft is inserted. 
Bacon. A log ; a post. Wisd. xiv. A man pro- 
verbially stupid. Spenser. The handle of any thing. 
A support of a ship while it is building. Dryden. 
[stock. Teut.] A thrust ; a stoccado. Sluxk. Some- 
Ill 



thing made of linen; a cravat ; a close neck-cloth. 
Anciently a cover for the leg, now stocking. Shak. 
A race ; a lineage ; a family. Shak. The princi- 
pal ; capital store ; fund already provided. Bacon. 
Quantity ; store ; body. Arbuthnot. Cattle in gen- 
eral. Pegge. [stoques, old Fr.] A fund established 
by the government, of which the value rises and 
falls by artifice or chance. Swift. Prison for the 
legs ; commonly without singular. 

To STOCK, st6k. v. a. To store ; to fill sufficiently. 
South. To lay up in store ; as, He stocks what he 
cannot use. [stecken, Teut.] To put in the stocks. 
Chaucer. To extirpate. Drayton. 

STOCKBROKER*, sl&k'-bro-kfir. n. s. One who 
deals in stock, or the publick funds. 

STOCKDOVE, stdk'-dfiv. 7*. s. Ringdove. Dryden. 

STOCKFISH, stdk'-fish. n. s. [stockevisch, Dutch.] 
Dried cod, so called from its hardness. Skelton. 

STOCKGFLLYFLOWER, stok-jll'-e-fldu-ur. n. s. 
A plant. Miller. 

STOCKING §, stok'-mg. 410. n. s. [ r fcican, Sax.] 
The covering of the leg. Shakspeare. 

To STOCKING, stdk'-ing. v. a. To dress in stock- 
ings. Dryden. 

STOCKISH, sl6k'-Ish. a. Hard ; blockish. Sluxk. 

STO CKJOBBER, stok'-job-b&r. n. s, [stock and 
job.] A low wretch who gets money by buying and 
selling shares in the funds. Swift. 

STOCKJOBBING*, stok'-job-blng. n.s. The act 
of buying and selling slock in the publick funds for 
the turn of the scale, or on speculation. Bp. Berke- 

STO'CKLOCK, st6k'-l6k. n. s. Lock fixed in wood. 
Moron. 

STOCKS, stoks. 71. s. [commonly without singular.] 
Prison for the legs. Stock is our old word for a fet- 
ter. Wicliffe. Wooden work upon which ships 
are built. Publick funds. 

STOCKSTFLL, stok'-stfl. a. Motionless as logs. 
Dairies. 

STOCKY*, st&k'-e. a. Stout. Addison. 

STO'ICAL*, sto'-e-kal. ) a. Of or belonging to the 

STOTCK*, std'-?k. \ Stoicks ; cold ; stiff; au- 
stere ; affecting to hold all things indifferent. Milton. 

STO ICALLY*, st6 / -e-kal-le. ad. After the manner 
of the Stoicks ; austerely ; with pretended indiffer- 
ence to all things. Brown. 

STOTCALNESS*, suV-e-kal-nes. n. s. The state of 
being stoical ; the temper of a Stoick. Scott. 

STOICISM*, suV-e-sfzm. n. s. [stoicisme, Fr.] The 
opinions and maxims of the Stoicks. 

STO'ICK*, sto'-ik. n. s. [ZrwiVo?, Gr. from crod, a 
porch.] A disciple of the heathen philosopher Zeno, 
who taught under a piazza or portico in the city 
of Athens ; and maintained, that a wise man ought 
to be free from all passions, to be unmoved e-ther 
by joy or grief, and to esteem all things governed 
by unavoidable necessitv. Acts, xvii. 

STOKE, STOAK, st6ke.'[rtoe, Sax.] Locus ; place: 
hence the names of many of our towns, &c. as, 
Basingstoke. 

STOKER* st6'-kur. n. s. One who looks after the 
fire in a brewhouse : a technical word. Green. 

STOLE §, sldle/B.s. [stola, Lat. ; j:to!, Sax.; stole, 
old Fr.] A long- vest. Wicliffe. 

STOLE, stole. The preterit of steal. Pope. 

STORED*, st6'-lid, or stAld. a. Wearing a stole or 
long robe. G. Fletcher. 

STOTLEN, siol'n. 103. Participle passive of steal. 
Prov. ix. \ 

STO'LID*,stdl / -fid. a. [stolidus, Lat.] Stupid; fool- 
ish. Cocker am. 

STOLFDITY, st6-l?d / -e-te. n.s. [stolidus, Lat.; sto- 
Mite, Fr.] Stupidity ; want of sense. Transl. of 
Boccalini. 

STOMACHS, stam'-mok. 165, 353. n.s. [estomach. 
Fr. ; stomachus, Lat.] The ventricle in which food 
is digested. Shak. Appetite; desire of food. Shak 
Inclination; liking. Shak. [stomachus, Lat.] An- 
ger ; violence of temper. Spenser. Sullenness ; re 
sentment ; stubbornness. Hooker. Pride ; haughti- 
ness. Hooker. 

881 



STO 



ST© 



U* 559.— File, far, fall, fat}— me, met;— pine, pm ;— 



To STOMACH, stiW-muk. v. a. [stomaclwr, Lat.] 
To resent ; to remember with anger and maligni- 
ty. Slmkspeare. 

To STOMACH, suW-mfik. v. n. To be angry. 
Hooker, 

STOMACHAL*, stiW-mfik-al. a. [stomacal, Fr.] 
Cordial ; helping the stomach. Cotgrave. 

STO'MACHED, stfim'-mftkl. 359. a. Filled with pas- 
sions of resentment. Sltakspeare. 

STO'MACHER, stfW-ma-tshur. n. s. An ornament- 
al covering worn by women on the breast. Is. iii. 

STO'MACHFLL, slfim'-mfik-f&l. a. [stomachosus, 
Lat.] Sullen ; stubborn ; perverse. Bp. Hall. 

STO'MACHFULNESS, st&m'-muk-iui-nes. re. s. 
Stubbornness; sullenness; obstinacy. Granger. 

STOMA'CHICAL, sto-mak'-e-kal. )a. [stomach- 

STOMA'CHICK, sto-mak'-lk. 509. \ ique, Fr.] Re- 
lating to the stomach ; pertaining to the stomach. 
Harvey. 

STOMA'CHICK, slo-mak'-lk. n. s. A medicine for 
the stomach. 

§£r We not unfrequently hear this word pronounced 
etomatick; but this pronunciation, though not confined 
to the vulgar, is so gross an irregularity as to deserve 
the reprobation of every correct spoaker. W. 

STOMACHING*, sliW-muk-mg.re. s. Resentment. 
Shalespeare. 

STG'MACHLESS, suW-muk-les. a. Being with- 
out appetite. Bp. Hall. 

STO'MACHOUS, stum'-m&k-us. a. [stomachosus , 
Lat.] Stout; angry; sullen; obstinate. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

STOND, stolid, n. s. Post ; station. Spenser. Stop ; 
indisposition to proceed. Bacon. Ob. J. 

STONE§, stone, n. s. [stains, Goth.; j- tan, Sax.; 
eteen, Dutch.] Stones are bodies insipid, hard, not 
ductile or malleable, nor soluble in water. Wood- 
ward. Piece of stone cut for building. Shale. Gem; 
precious stone. Shak. Any thing made of stone. 
Shale. Calculous concretion in the kidneys or 
bladder; the disease arising from a calculus. 
Temple. The case which in some fruits contains 
the seed, and is itself contained in the fruit. Bacon. 
Testicle. A weight containing fourteen pounds. 
A stone of meat is eight pounds. Swift. A funeral 
monument. Pope. A state of torpidness and in- 
sensibility. Pope. Stone is used by way of exag- 
geration : as, stone still. Shale. — To leave no stone 
unturned. To do every thing that can be done 
for the production or promotion of any effect. Hu- 
dibras. 

STONE, stone, a. Made of stone. Shakspearc. 

To STONE, sldne. v. a. [yfcaenan, Sax.] To pelt or 
beat or kill with stones. Ex. xvii. To harden. 
Shalespeare. To remove stones. Bp. Hall. 

STO'NEBOW*, stone'-bd. n. s. A crossbow, which 
shoots stones. Wi-sd. v. 

STO'NEBREAK, sutoe'-brake. n. s. An herb. Ains- 
worth. 

STO'NECHATTER, st6ne / -tshat-t0r. n. s. A bird. 
Ainsworth. 

STONECRAY, stone'-kra. n. s. A distemper in 
hawks. 

STO'NECROP, st&ne'-kr&p. re.*, [j-fcan-cpop, Sax.] 
A sort of herb. Mortimer. 

STONECUTTER, stone'-k&t-tfir. n. $, One whose 
trade is to hew stones. Derliam. 

STO'NEFERN, stone'-fern. n. s. A plant. Ains- 
worth. 

STO'NEFLY, suW-fli. re. 5. An insect. Ains- 
worth. 

STO'NEFRUIT, sline'-froot. n.s. Fruit of which 
the seed is covered with a hard shell enveloped in 
the pulp. Boyle. 

STO'NEHAWK^ne'-hawk. re. s. A kind of hawk. 

Ainsworth. 
STONEHEARTED*, st6ne'-hart-ed. )a. Hard- 
STONYHEARTED*, sl6'-ne-hart-ed. \ hearted ; 

cruel ; pitiless. Shakspeare. 
STO'NEHORSE, st6ne -horse, re. s. A horse not 
castrated Mortyner 



STO'NEPIT, stfoie'-pft. n. s. A quarry ; a pit where 

stones are dug. Woodward. 
STO / NEPITCH,st6ne / -pltsh. n. s. Hard, inspissated 

pitch. Bacon. 
SWNEPLOVER, stc-ne'-plfiv-ur. ». s . A bird. 

Ainsworth. 
STO'NER*, sto'-nfir. n.s. One who strikes, beats, 

or kills with stones. Barrow. 
STO'NESC AST*, suW-kast.rc. s. Distance to which 

a stone may be thrown. Sir T. Herbert. 
STO/NESMlCKLE, stAne'-smlk-kl. re. s. A bird. 

Ainsworth. 
STO'NESQUARER*, st6ne / -skware-Qr. re. s. One 

who shapes stones into squares. 1 Kings, v. 
STONEWORK, st6ne'-wurk. re. s. "Building of 

stone. Mortimer. 
STO'NINESS, st6'-ne-nes, re.*. The quality of hav- 
ing many stones. Hearne. Hardness of mind. 

Hammond. 
STO'N Y, sto'-ne. a. [rtani£, rtaeni^, Sax.] Made 

of stone. Slxak. Abounding with stones. Milton. 

Petrifick. Spenser. Hard ; inflexible ; unrelent- 
ing. Hooker. 
STOOD, stud. 307. The preterit of To stand, [ytob, 

Sax.] Milton. 
STOOK y* stSSk. re. s. [stnke, West Goth.] A shock 

of corn containing twelve sheaves. Grose. 
To STOOK*, st66k. v. a. To set up the sheaves in 

stooks. Ash. 
STOOL y, st6Sl. 306. re. 5. [stols, Goth. ; yfcol, Sax.; 

stoel, Dutch; stoll, Germ.] A seat without a back, 



so dist 



ngui 



shed from a chair. Watts. Evacuation 



by purgative medicines. Bacon. — Stool of repent- 
ance, or cutty stool, in the kirks of Scotland, is some- 
what analogous to the pillory, where stood persons 
who had been guilty of fornication, &c. ; but the 
practice is much discontinued, [stolo, Lat.] A shoot 
from the trunk of a tree. 

STO'OLBALL, stoSl'-ball. re. s. A play where balls 
are driven from stool to stool. Prior. 

To STOOM*, st66m. v. a. To put bags of herbs, or 
other ingredients into wine. Chambers. 

Tc STOOP y, st66p.306. v.n. [ptupian, Sax. ; stuy- 
pen, Dut.] To bend down ; to bend forward. Raleigh. 
To lean forward standing or walking. Stilling fleet. 
To yield ; to bend; to submit. Shak. To descend 
from rank or dignity. Bacon. To yield ; to be in- 
feriour. Milton. To sink from resolution or supe- 
riority; to condescend. Hooker. To come down 
on prey as a falcon. Latham. To alight from the 
wing. 'Milton. To sink to a lower place. Milton. 

To STOOP*, st66p. v. a. To submit. Young. 

STOOP, stSSp. re.*. Act of stooping; inclination 
downward. Descent from dignity or superiority. 
Dryden. Fall of a bird upon his prey. Waller. 
[rfcoppa, Sax.; stoope, Dutch.] A vessel of liquor. 
Shale, [stupa, Lat.] A post fastened in the earth : a ■ 
northern word. Tancred and Sigismunda. 

STO'OPER*, stoop'-fir. n. s. One who stoops. Sher- 
wood. 

STO'OPINGLY, stoop'-mg-le. 410. ad. With in- 
clination downwards. Wotton. 

To STOP y, st6p. ts. a. [estouper, Fr. ; stoppare, Ital.; 
stoppen, Dutch.] To hinder from progressive mo- 
tion. Shak. To hinder from successive operation. 
Dorset. To hinder from any change of slate, 
whether to better or worse. To hinder from action 
or practice. 2 Cor. xi. To put an end to the mo- 
tion or action of any thing ; to intercept. Dryden. 
To repress; to suspend. South. To suppress. 
Dryden. To regulate musical strings with the 
fingers. Bacon. To close any aperture. 2 Kings, 
iii. To obstruct ; to encumber. Milton. To gar- 
nish with proper punctuation. 

To STOP, sl6p. v. re. To cease to go forward. Sluxk 
To cease from any course of action. Lesley. 

STOP, st&p. n. s. Cessation of progressive motion. 
Shak. Hinderance of progress ; obstruction ; act 
of stopping. Hooker. Repression ; hinderance of 
operation. Locke. Cessation of action. Shak. In- 
terruption. Slw.k. Prohibition of sale. Temple. 
That which obstructs; obstacle; impediment. 
882 



PTO 



STR 



-116, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull;— oil ;— pdiind ;— Min, Tnis. 



Spciiscr. Instriuneiit by which the sounds of wind 
musick are regulated. Shak. Regulation of mu- 
sical chords by the fingers. Bacon. The act of 
applying the stops in musick. Daniel. A point in 
writing, by which sentences arc distinguished. 
Crashaw. 

STOPCOCK, stop'-kok. 71. s. A pipe made to let out 
liquor, stopped by a turning cock. Grew. 

STO'PGAP, st&p'-giip. n. s. [from stop and gap.] 
Something substituted ; a temporary expedient. 

STOPPAGE, stop'-piclje. 90. n. s. The act of stop- 
ping-; the state of being stopped. Arbuthriot. 

STOPPER*, stop'-pfir. n. s. One who closes any 
aperture. A stopple. See Stopple. 

STOPLESS*, stop'-les. a. Not to be slopped ; irre- 
sistible. Davenant. 

STOPPLE, sldp'-pl. }n. s. That by which any 

STO PPER, stop'-pnr. \ hole or the mouth of an> 
vessel is filled up. Bacon. 

STO'RAX, st6'-raks. n. s. [styrax, Lat.] A plant. 
A resinous and odoriferous gum. Ecclus xxiv. 

STORE $, sl6re. n. s. [star, old Swed. ; stor, Danish ; 
stoor, Icel.] Large number; large quantity ; plen- 
ty. Bacon. A stock accumulated ; a supply hoard- 
ed. Dryden. The stale of being accumulated ; 
hoard. Deut. xxxii. Storehouse ; magazine. Mil- 
ton. 

STORE, store, a. Hoarded; laid up; accumulated. 
Bacon. 

To STORE, st6re. v. a. To furnish ; to replenish. 
Denham. To stock against a future time. KnoU.es. 
To lay up ; to hoard. Bacon. 

STO'REHOUSE, stire'-ho&se. n. s. Magazine ; 
treasury ; place in which things are hoarded and 
reposited against a time of use. Hooker. A great 
mass reposited. Spenser. 

STORER, st6 / -iair. 93. n. s. One who lays up. B. 
Jonson. 

STORIAL*, sto'-re-al. a. [from story.] Historical. 
Chaucer. Ob. T. 

STORIED, sto'-rid. 283. a. Furnished with stories; 
adorned with historical pictures. Milton. 

STORIER*, sto'-re-fir. n.s. An historian ; a relater 
of stories. Bp. Peacock. Ob. T. 

STORKS, stdrk. n. s. []*topc, Sax.] A bird of pas- 
sage famous for the regularity of its departure. 
Calmet. 

STORKSBILL, stOrks'-bll. n.s. An herb. Ains- 
wo nh. 

STORM S, slSrm. 167. n. s. [7jstorm, Welsh ; rfconm, 
Sax. ; stor-m, Dutch ; stormo, Ital.] A tempest ; a 
commotion of the elements. Shak. Assault in a 
fortified place. Dryden. Commotion ; sedition ; 
tumuli; clamour; bustle. Shak. Affliction; ca- 
lamity; distress. Pope. Violence; vehemence; 
tumultuous force. Hooker. 

To STORM, storm, v. a. [ftypmian, Sax.] To at- 
tack by open force. Dryde7i. 

To STORM, stdrm. v. n. To raise tempests. Spen- 
ser. To rage ; to fume ; to be loudly angry. Mil- 
ton. 

STORMBEAT*, slSrm'-beet. a. Injured by slorm. 
Spenser. 

STO'RMINESS*, stOrm'-e-nes. n. s. State or quali- 
ty of being stormy. 

STORMY, storm'-e. a. [rfcopmi£, Sax.] Tempest- 
uous. Addison. Violent ; passionate. 

STO'RY S, suV-re. n. s. [fceep., Sax. ; storie, Dutch ; 
storia, Ital.: t<j-opia, Gr.] History; account of 
things past. Raleigh. Small tale ; petty narrative; 
account of a single incident. Addiso7i. An idling 
or trifling tale; a petty fiction. Shakspearc. 

STORY, st6'-re. n. s. [rtop, Sax. place.] A floor; 
a fl'.ght of rooms. Wotton. 

To STORY, sto'-re. ». a. To tell in history ; to re- 
.ate. Shak. To range one under another. Bentley. 

STORYTELLER, st6'-re-tel-l&r. 98. n. s. One who 
relates tales in conversation ; an historian, in con- 
tempt. Drvden. 

STOT*, stot. n.s. [rfcob-honr, Sax.] A horse. 
ClMucer. A young bullock or steer. 

STOTE* stAte. n. s. A kind of weasel. 



To STOUND S, stound. v.n, [stunde, Icel.] To be 
in pain or sorrow. 

STOUND, st6und. part. For stunned. Spenser. 

STOUND, std&nd. n.s. Sorrow; grief; mishap. 
Spe7iscr. A shooting pain. Spenser. A noise! 
Spenser. Astonishment; amazement. Gay. [rfcunb, 
Sax.] Hour; time; season; a small space of time! 
Spetiser. 

STOUR, stour. n. s. [st7ir, Run. ; rfceonan, Sax.] 
Assault ; incursion; tumult. Spenser. Ob. J. 

STOUR*, st6ur. 7i.s. [pfcup, Sax.] A river : whence 
the prefix stour to many of our places : Slourlon, 
Stour -minster. Stourbridge, Stwrey, &c. 

STOUTS, stout. 313. a. [stout, Dutch.] Strong; 
lusty; valiant. Shak. Brave; bold; intrepid. Ps. 
Ixxvi. Obstinate; pertinacious; resolute; proud. 
Da7iiel. Strong ; firm. Dryden. 

STOUT, stdut. n. s. A cant name for strong: beer. 
Siot/i. 

STOU'TLY, si6ut'-le. ad. Lustily; boldly ; obstinate- 
ly. Shakspeare. 

STOUTNESS, stonf-nSs. n.s. Strength ; valour. 
Boldness ; fortitude. Ascham. Obstinacy ; stub- 
bornness. Shakspeare. 

STOVE S, stove, v. s. [stoo, Icel. ; j*fcopa, Sax. ; es- 
tuve, Fr. ; stove, Dutch.] A hot-house ; a place ar- 
tificially made warm. Carew. A place in which 
fire is made, and by which heat is communicated. 
Evelyn. 

To STOVE, stove, v. a. To keep warm in a house 
artificially healed. Bacon. 

STO'VER*, sto'-vfir. n. s. [estover, Fr.] Fodder for 
cattle ; coarse hay, or straw; and sometimes straw 
for thatch. Shakspeare. 

To STOWS, st6. 324. v. a. [rfcop, Sax.; stoe, old 
Frisick; stowen, Dutch.] To lay up; to reposit in 
order; to lay in the proper place. Shakspeare. 

STOW, STOE, whether singly or jointly, are the 
same with the Saxon j'Cop, a place. Gibson. 

STOWAGE, st6'-idje. 90. n. s. Room for laying up. 
South.. The state of being laid up. Sh#k. The 
things stowed. Beawrumt and Fletcher. Money 
paid for the stowing of goods. 

STRA'BISM, strabMzm, a. s. [strabismus, Lat.] A 
squinting; act of looking asquint. 

To STRA'DDLE, strad 7 -dl. 405. v. n. [supposed to 
come from striddle or stride.] To sland or walk 
with the feet removed far from each other to the 
right and left; to pari the legs wide. Chap77ian. 

T^TRA'GGLES, strag'-gl. 405. v. n. [rcpa^an, 
r-fcjiae^ian, Sax.] To wander without any certain 
direction ; to rove ; to ramble. Suckling. To wan- 
der dispersedly. Shak. To exuberate 5 to shoot too 

. far. Mortimer. To be dispersed ; to be apart from 
any main body; to stand single. Raleigh. 

STRA'GGLER.strag'-gl-ur.gs. n.s. A wanderer; 
a rover ; one who forsakes his company ; one who 
rambles without any settled direction. Spenser. 
Any thing that pushes beyond the rest, or stands 
single. Dniden. 

STRAIGHTS, slrate. 202, 393. a. [ r tjiac, Sax ; 
struck, Germ.] Not crooked ; right. Shak. Nar- 
row ; close. This should properly be strait. See 
Strait. Bacon. Tense; tight. 

STRAIGHT, slrate. 249. ad. [strax, Dan.; struck 
Dutch.] Immediately; directly. Shakspeare. ' 

To STRAFGHTEN, slrat'-t'n. 103. v. a. To make 
not crooked ; to make straight. Hooker. To make 
tense ; to tighten. 
STRAFGHTENER* strat'-t'n-ur. n. s. A director; 

one who sets right. Colgrave. 
STRAIGHTFO'RTHVtrate-fort/t'. ad. Directly : 

thenceforth. 
STRAFGHTLY, strate'-le. ad. In a right line; not 

crookedly. Tightly; with tension. More. 
STRAFGHTNESS, slrate'-nes. n. s. Rectitude; 
the contrary to crookedness. Bacon. Tension • 
tightness. ' 

STRAIGHTWAY, sirate'-wa. ad. [it is very often 
written straiglitwaijs, and therefore is perhaps 
more properly written straigJuwise.' Immediately 
straight. 

883 



STR 



STR 



O* 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 






To STRAIN §, strane. 202. v. a. [estreindre, Fr.] To 
squeeze through something. Arbuthnot. To purify 
by filtration. Bacon. To squeeze in an embrace. 
Dryden. To sprain ; to weaken by too much vio- 
lence. Spenser. To put to its utmost strength. 
Hooker. To make straight or tense. Bacon. To 
push beyond the proper extent. Addison. To force ; I 
to constrain ; to make uneasy or unnatural. Shak. 

To STRAIN, strane. v.n. 1 o make violent efforts. 
Shak. To be filtered by compression. Bacon. 

STRAIN, strane. n. s. An injury by too much vio- 
lence. Temple, [j-tpen^ 1 , Sax.] Race; genera- 
tion; descent. Sliak. Hereditary disposition. ShaJc. 
A style or manner of speaking. Tillotson. Song ; 
note"; sound. Milton. Rank ; character. Dryden. 
Turn : tendency ; inborn disposition. Hay ward. 



Manner of speech or action. Bacon, 
STRAFNABLE*, slra'-na-bl. a. Capable of being j 

pushed beyond the proper extent. Bacon. 
STRAFNER, stra'-nfir. 98. n. s. An instrument of \ 
filtration. Bacon. One who exerts his utmost! 
strength. B. Jonson. 
STRAINING*, stra'-nlng. n. s. The act of filtra- 
tion ; the substance strained. The act of putting to 
the utmost stretch. Atterbury. 
STRAINT* strant. n. s. Violent tension. Spenser. 

Ob. T. 
STRAIT §, strate. 202. a. [estroit, Fr. ; slretlo, Ital.] 
Narrow; close; not wide. Hudibras. Close; inti- 
mate. Sidney. Strict; rigorous. Psalm, Common 
Prayer. Difficult; distressful. Narrow; avaricious. 
SlicJc. It is used in opposition to crooked, but is 
then more properly written straight. Newton. 
STRAIT, strate. n. s. A narrow pass, or frith. 
Spenser, [slrete, old Fr.] Distress; difficulty. Clar- 
endon. 
To STRAIT, strate. v. a. To put to difficulties. 

Slmkspeare. 
To STRAITEN, straM'n. 103. v. a. To make nar- 
row. Sandys. To contract ; to confine. Clarendon. 
To make tight; to intend. Dryden. To deprive 
of necessary room. Bacon. To distress; to perplex. 
Ray. 
STRAFTHANDED, strate'-hand-eU a. Parsimo- 
nious ; sparing ; niggardly. 
STRAITHANDEDNESS*, strate'-hand'-eM-nes. j 

n. s. Niggardliness. Bp. Hall. 
STRAITLACED, strate'-laste. 359. a. [strait and | 
lace.] Griped with stays. Locke. Stiff; constrain- j 
ed; without freedom. Burton. 
STRAFTLY, strate'-le. ad. Narrowly. Strictly ;| 
rigorously. Hooker. Closely ; intimately. | 

STRAFTNESS, strate'-nes. n. s. Narrowness. 2j 
Mace. Strictness; rigour. Shak. Distress; dif-j 
ficultv. Want ; scarcity. Locke. 
STRAKE, strike. The obsolete preterit of strike. 

Struck. Acts, xxvii. 
STRAKE, strake. n.s. A long mark; a streak. 
A narrow board. The strake of a cart is the iron 
with which the cart wheels are bound. Barret. 
To STRA'MASH*, stra'-mash. v. a. [stramazzare, 
Ital.] To beat ; to bang ; to break irreparably ; to 
destroy. Grose. 
STRAMFNEOUS*, stra-mln'-e-us. a. [stramineus, 
Lat.] Strawy; consisting of straw. Dr. Robinson. 
Light; chaffy ;Jike straw. Burton. 
STRAND§, strand, n. s. [yfcpanb, Sax.; strands, 
Dutch ; strend, Icel.] The verge of tlie sea or of 
any water. Shak. A twist of a rope. 
To STRAND, strand, v. a. To drive or force upon 

the shallows. Drijden. 
STRANG*, Strang, a. [fcjian£, Sax.] Strong : our 

northern word. 
STRANGER stranje. [See Change.] a. [estrange, 
Fr. ; extraneus, Lat.] Foreign ; of another country. 
Ascham. Not domestick. Davies. Wonderful ; 
causing wonder. Bacon. Odd; irregular; not ac- 
cording to the common way. Sliak. Unknown; 
dew. Hooker. Remote. Shak. Uncommonly good 
or bad. Tillotson. Unacquainted. Bacon. 
STRANGE, stranje. inter}. An expression of won- 
der. WaHer. 



To STRANGE, stranje. v. n. To be estranged. 
Gower. To wonder ; to be astonished. Glanville. 

To STRANGE*, stranje. v. a. [estranger, old Fr.] 
To alienate ; to estrange. Wodroephe. 

STRA'NGELY, stranje'-le. ad. With some relation 
to foreigners. Shak. Wonderfully; in a way to 
cause Wonder, but commonly with a degree of dis- 
like. Dryden. 

STRANGENESS, stranje'-nes. n.s. Foreignness; 
the state of belonging to another country. Sprat. 
Uncommunicativeness ; distance of behaviour. 
Shak. Remoteness from common manners or no- 
tions ; uncouthness. Shak. Mutual dislike. Bacon. 
Wonderfulness ; power of raising wonder. Bacon. 

STRA'NGER, stran'-jfir. 98. n. s. [estranger, Fr.] A 
foreigner ; one of another country. Shak. One un- 
known. Shak. A guest ; one not a domestick. 
Milton. One unacquainted. Shak. One not ad- 
mitted to any communication or fellowship. Shak. 

To STRONGER, stran'-jfir. v. a. To estrange ; to 
alienate. Shakspeare. 

To STRANGLES, strang'-gl. 405. v. a. [strangulo, 
Lat.] To choke ; to suffocate ; to kill by intercept- 
ing the breath. Shak. To suppress ; to hinder 
from birth or appearance. Shakspeare. 

STR ANGLER, strang'-gl-fir. 98. n. s. One who 
strangles. Slmkspeare. 

STRANGLES, slrang'-glz. «. s. Swellings in a 
horse's throat. 

STRANGLING*, strang'-gl-fng. n. s. Death by 
stopping the breath. Job, vii. 

STRANGULATION, strang-gfi-la'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] 
The act of strangling ; suffocation ; the state of be- 
ing strangled. Brown. 

STRANGURY, strang'-gu-re. n.s. [arpayyovia.] 
A difficulty of urine, attended with pain. Eveltjn, 

STRAP §, strap, n. s. [yfcpopp, Sax. ; strop, Teut. ; 
stroppa, Ital.] A narrow, long slip of cloth or leath- 
er. Shalcspeare. 

To STRAP, strap, v. a. To beat with a strap. 

STRAPPADO, strap-pa'-d6. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 
[strapade, old Fr.] A kind of military torture form- 
erly practised in drawing up an offender to the top 
of a beam, and letting bim fall ; in consequence of 
which, dislocation of a limb usually happened. 
Slmkspeare. 

To STRAPPA'DO*, strap-pa'-d6. v. a. To torture. 
Milton. 

STRAPPING, strap'-p?ng. 410. a. Vast; large; 
bulky : used of large men or women in contempt. 

STRA'TA, stra'-ta. 92. [See Drama.] n. s. [the 
plural of stratum, Lat.] Beds; layers. Woodward. 

STRATAGEMS, strat'-ta-jem. n.s. [orpurtfyi^a.] 
An artifice in war; a trick by which an enemy is 
deceived. Shale. An artifice ; a trick by which 
some advantage is obtained. Denham. 

STRATAGE'MICAL*, slrat-a-jem'-e-kal. a. Full of 
stratagems. Swift. 

STRATH*, strM. n. s. [ystrad, Welsh.] A vale ; a 
bottom. Garnett. 

STRATIFICATION*, slrat-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. Ar- 
rangement of different matter ; arrangement in 
beds or layers. Dr. Hutton. 

To STRATIFY, strat'-e-fl. v. a. [straiijier, Fr.; 

• from stratum, Lat.] To range in beds or layers. 
Hill. 

STRATOCRACY*, stra-tdk'-ra-se. 518. n.s. [<rrpa 
tos and Kparos.] A. military government. Guthrie 

STRATO^GRAPHY*, stra-tog' : ra-fe. n. s. [crpa- 
rbs and ypd<pu>.~\ Description of whatever relates to 
an armv. 

STR A' TUM, stra'-tfim. n.s. [Lat.] A bed ; a layer. 
Woodward. 

STRAUGHT*, strawt. pret. and part. Stretched. 
Chaucer. 

STRAW $, straw. 219. n. s. [rfcpe, Sax.] The stalk 
on which com grows, and from which it is thresh- 
ed. Sfmk. Any thing proverbially worthless. Hu- 
dibras. 
To STRAW*. See To Strew. 

STRAWBERRY, straw'-ber-re. n. s. [rtjiap 
bepie) Sax ] A plant. Miller. 



STR 



STR 



-116 , move, nftr, n&t; — tftbe, tftb, bull ;— 6ll ;— p6und ;— thin, ru'i 



STRAWBERRY Tree, straw'-ber-re-tre. n. s. It 
is ever green : the fruit is of a fleshy substance, and 
verv like a strawberry. Miller. 
STRAWBUILT, straw'-bilt. a. Made up of straw. 

Milton, 
STRA'WCOLOURED, straw'-kul-fir'd. a. Of a 

light yellow. Shakspeare. 
STRAWSTUFFED*, straw'-stufl. a. Stuffed with 

si raw. Bp. Hall. 
STRA'WWORM, struw'-wftrm. n. s. A worm bred 

in straw. 
STRA'WY, straw'-e. a. Made of straw; consisting 

of straw. Shale. Like straw; light. Knott. 
To STRAY §, slri. 220. v.n. [ r fepae^an. Sax.] To 
wander ; to rove. Denlmm. To rove out of the 
way ; to range beyond the proper limits. Spenser. 
To err; to deviate from the right. Comm. Prayer. 
TV) STRAY, slri. v. a. To mislead. Shak. Ob. J. 
STRAY, stra. n. s. Any creature wandering beyond 
iis limits; any thing lost by wandering. Shak. Act 
of wandering. Shakspeare. 
STRA'YER*, slra'-ur. n.s. One who strays; a wan- 
derer. .Far. 
ST RATING*, stra'-lng. n. s. The act of roving ; 

the act of going astray. Bp. Hopkins. 

STREAK ^streke. 227. n. s. h-tpice, Sax. ; streke, 

Dutch.] A line of colour different from that of the 

ground. Sliakspeare. 

To STREAK, streke. v. a. To stripe; to variegate 

in hues ; to dapple. Shak. To stretch. Chapman. 

STRE'AKY, stre'-ke. a. Striped; variegated by 

hues. Dn/dm. 
STREAM}, streme. 227. n.s. [rxp.eam, Sax.; 
strauni, Icel.; stroom, Dutch.] A running water ; 
the course of running water ; a current] Psalm 
lxx\ iii. Any thing issuing from a head, and mov- 
ing forward with continuity of parts. Isaiah. Any 
tiling forcible and continued. Raleigh. Course ; 
current. Shakspeare. 
To STREAM, streme. v. n. [streyma, Icel.] To flow ; 
to run in a continuous current. Milton. To emit a 
current ; to pour out water in a stream ; to be over- 
flown. Pope. To issue forth with continuance, not 
by fits. Shalcspeare. 
To STREAM, streme. v. a. To pour; to send forth. 
Spenser. To mark with colours or embroidery in 
long tracks. Bacon. 
STRE'AMER, stre'-mur. 98. n.s. An ensign ; a 
flag; a pennon; any thing flowing loosely from a 
stock. Shakspeare. 
STREA'MLET*, stremeMet. n. s. A small stream. 

Thomson. 
STRE'AMY, slre'-me. a. Abounding in running wa- 
ter. Prior. Flowing with a current. Pope. 
To STREEK*, streek. v. a. [rtjieccan, Sax.] To 

lay out a dead body. Brand. 
STREET §, street. 246. n.s. [jcfBafce, Sax. ; straeta, 
Icel. ; straet, Su. Goth.] A way, properly a paved 
way, between two rows of houses. Baco?i. Pro- 
verbially, a publick place. Psalm cxliv. 
STRE'ETWALKER, street'-wa-kflr. n. s. A com- 
mon prostitute that offers herself to sale in the open 
street. 
STRE'ETWARD* 
STRETWARD*, 

merly took care of the streets. Coioel. 
STRE1GHT*, striae, a. Narrow. See Straight, 
and Stratt. [strictus, Lat.] Restrained. Spenser. 
STREIGHT*, strate. ad. Strictly. Spenser. 
STREIGHT* n.s. See Strait. 
STRENE*,streue.».s. [rtp.enS,Sax.] Race; off- 
spring : now strain. Cliaucer. 
STRENGTH §, strengtfi. n. s. [ r fcpen^S, Sax.] 
Force ; vigour ; power of the body. Milton. Power 
•of endurance ; firmness ; durability ; toughness ; 
hardness. Milton. Vigour of any kind ; power of 
any kind. Holyday. Power of resistance ; sure- 
ness ; fastness Shak. Support ; security ; that 
whicn support. Muton. Power of mind ; force of 
any mental faculty. Locke. Spirit ; animation. 
Muton. Vigour of writing , nervous diction ; force, 
iopposed to softness, in writing or painting. Pope. 



street'-ward. \ n ' s ' A " , ffi " 
) cer who for- 



Polency of liquors. Fortification ; fortress. B. Jon- 
son. Support ; maintenance of power. Sprat. Le- 
gal force ; validity; security. Confidence impart- 
ed. Davenant. Armament; force; power. Shak. 
Persuasive prevalence ; argumentative force. 
Hooker. 

§Cf This word and its compounds arc often erroneously 
pronounced as if written strenth, strenthen,&.c; the 
same may be observed of length, lengthen, Sec. ; but this 
is a pronunciation which obtains chiefly in Ireland, and 
is unquestionably improper. W. 

To STRENGTH, strengf/t. v. a. To strengthen. 
Daniel. Ob. J. 

To STRENGTHEN, streng'-tfm. v. a. To make 
strong. To confirm; to establish. Temple. To an- 
imate; to fix in resolution. Neh.'n. To make to 
increase in power or security. 1 Mace. vi. 

To STRENGTHEN, streng'-tfm. v. n. To grow 
strong. Otway. 

STRENGTHENED streng'-tfm-ur.;«. s. That 

STRENGTHNER, strengtfi'-nur. $ winch gives 
strength ; that which makes strong. Temple. [In 
medicine.] Strengthened add to the bulk and firm- 
ness of the solids. Qnincy. 

STRENGTHLESS, st'rengtfi'-Ife. a. Wanting 
strength ; deprived of strength. Shak. Wanting 
potency ; weak. Boxde. 

STRENUOUS $, slren'-u-us. a. [strenuus, Lat.] 
Frave ; bold ; active ; valiant ; dangerously labori- 
ous. Milton. Zealous ; vehement. Swift. 

STRENUOUSLY, streV-u-fis-le. ad. Vigorously; 
actively. Brown. Zealously ; vehemently ; with 
ardour. Swift. 

STRENUOUSNESS*, streV-u-us-nes. n. s. The 
stale of being strenuous; earnestness; laborious- 
ness. Scott. 

STRE'PENT*, strep'-ent. a. [sirepens, Lat.] Noisy $ 
loud. Shenslone. 

STRE'PEROUS, strep'-er-us. a. [strepo, Lat.] 
Loud ; noisy. Brown. 

STRESS §, sires, n. s. [j-fcece, Sax.] Importance j 
important part. Locke. Importance imputed ; 
weight ascribed. Leslie. Violence; force, either 
acting or suffered. Dry den. 

To STRESS, stres. v. a. [from distress.] To dis- 
tress ; to put to hardships or difficulties. Spenser. 

To STRETCH §, stretsh. v.a. [rfcpeccan, Sax. j 
strccken, Dutch.] To extend ; to spread out lo a 
distance. Is. viii. To elongate, or strain to a 
greater space. Milton. To expand ; to display. 
Milton. To strain to the utmost. Shak. To make 
tense. Smith. To carry by violence farther than 
is right; to strain : as, to stretch a text; to stretch 
credit. 

To STRETCH, stretsh. v. n. To be extended, lo- 
cally, intellectually, or consequentially. Whitgift. 
To bear extension without rupture. Boyle. To 
sally beyond the truth. Gov. of the Tongue. 

STRETCH, stretsh. n. s. Extension ; reach ; occupa- 
tion of more space. Dryden. Force of body ex- 
tended. Dryden.. Effort ; struggle : from the act 
of running. Addison. Utmost extent of meaning. 
Atterbury. Utmost reach of power. Granville. 

STRE'TCHER, stretsh'-dr. 98. n. s. Any thing used 
for extension. Chapman. A term in bricklaying. 
Moxon. The timber against which the rower 
plants his feet. Dryden. 
To STREW §, str6. 266. v. a. [slrawan, Goth.; 
stroyen, Dutch; r'cp.eapian, Sax.] To spread by 
being scattered. Spenser. To spread by scattering. 
Shakspeare. To scatter loosely. Exodus. 

STRE'WING* stri'-lng. n. s. Any thing fit to be 
strewed. Sliakspeare. 

STRE'WMEINT, stro'-ment. n. s. Any thing scat- 
tered in decoration. Shakspeare. 

STRIDE, strl'-e. n. s. [Lat.] In natural history, the 
small channels in the shells of cockles and scallops. 
Boyle. 

STRPATE, strl'-ate. ) a. Formed in striae. 

STRI'ATED, strl'4-teU S Brown. 

STRPATURE. strl'-a-tshure. n. s. Disposition of 
stria?. Woodward. 



STR 



STR 



\$y 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin ; 



STR1CK, strlk. n. s. [crrpfyl, Gr. ; slrix, Lat.] A 

bird of bad omen. Spenser. 
STRICKEN, strlk'-kn. 103. The ancient participle 
of strike ; but it has, in the an'iquated phrase strick- 
en, (that is, advanced in years,) a meaning not 
borrowed from strike. Sidney. 
STRFCKLE,strik'-kl. 405. ) n. s. That which 
STRFCKLER^strfk'-kl^r. f strikes the corn to 
STRFCKLESS, strlk'-lSs. ( level it with the 
STRFTCHEL, strltsV-81. J bushel. Holme. An 

instrument used to whet sithes with. Grose. 
STRICT S, strlkt. a. [striclus, Lat.] Exact; accu- 
rate; rigorously nice. Milton. Severe; rigorous; 
not mild; not indulgent. Sha/c. Confined; not 
extensive. Hooker. Close ; tight. Dryden. Tense ; 
not relaxed. Arbuthnot. 
STRFCTLY, strikt'-le. ad. Exactly ; with rigorous 
accuracy. Chapman. Rigorously ; severely ; with- 
out remission or indulgence. Bacon. Closely; 
tightly ; with tenseness, 
STRFCTNESS, strlkt'-n6s. n. s. Exactness ; rigor- 
ous accuracy; nice regularity. King Cliarles. Se 



laxity. 



rigour. Bacon. Closeness ; tightness ; not 



STRFCTURE, strik'-tshore. 463. n. s. [stiictura, 
Lat.] A stroke; a touch. Hale. Contraction; clo- 
sure by contraction. Arbuthnot. A slight touch 
upon a subject ; not a set discourse. Hammond. 

STRIDE §, stride, n. s. [r-fcnaebe, Sax.] A long 
step; a step taken with great violence; a wide 
divarication of the legs. Milton. 

To STRIDE, stride, v. n. pret. strode or strid ; part, 
pass, stridden. To walk with long steps. Dryden. 
To stand with the legs far from each other. 

To STRIDE, stride, v. a. To pass by a step. Ar- 
buthnot. 

STRPDOR*,shV-d6r.n.s. [Lat.] A quick, loud 
noise ; a clap. Dryden. 

STRFDULOUS, strfd'-ju-lus. 294, 376. a. [stridulus, 
Lat.] Making a small noise; hissing; creaking; 
chattering. Bp. Hall. 

STRIFE §, strife, n. s. [estrif, old Fr.] Contention ; 
contest; discord; war; lawsuit. Judges, xu. Con- 
test of emulation. Congreve. Opposition ; contra- 
riety ; contrast. Shak. Natural contrariety : as, 
the strife of acid and alkali. 

STRFF2FUL, strlfe'-fal. a. Coutentious; discord- 
ant. SpP7iser. 

STRFGMENT, str/g'-ment. n.s. [strigmentum,Lal.] 
Scraping; recrement. Brown. 

To STRIKES, strike, ?>. a. pret. struck or strook ; 
part. pass, struck, strucken, stricken, or strook. 
{aj*fcpiean, Sax. ; streichen, Germ.] To act upon 
by a blow ; to hit with a blow. Ska'k. To punish ; 
to afflict. Prov. xvii. To dash ; to throw by a 
quick motion. Ex. xii. To notify by sound. Sliak. 
To stamp; to impress. Locke. To contract; to 
lower ; to vail : as, to strike sail, or to strike a flag. 
£'iafc. To alarm ; to put into emotion ; to surprise. 
Waller. To make a bargain. Dryden. To pro- 
duce by a sudden action. Bacon. To affect sud- 
denly in any particular manner. Shak. To cause 
to sound by blows. Sliak. To forge ; to mint. 
Tale. It is used in the participle for advanced in 
years. Shak. — To strike off. To erase from a 
reckoning or account. Shak. To separate by a 
blow, or any sudden action. Hooker. To strike 
out. To produce by collision. Dryden. To blot; 
to efface. Brown. To bring to light. To form at 
once by a quick effort. Pope. 

To STRIKE, strike, v.n. To make a blow. Sliak. 
To collide ; to clash. Bacon. To act by repealed 
percussion. Sliak. To sound by the stroke of a 
hammer. Shak. To make an attack. Sliak. To 
act oy external influx. Locke. To sound with 
blows. Shak. To be dashed; to be stranded. 
Knottes. To pass with a quick or strong effect. 
Dryden. To pay homage, as by lowering the sail. 
Shak. To be put by some sudden act or motion 
into any state ; to break forth. Government of the 
Tongue. — To strike in with. To conform ; to suit 
itself to; to join with at once. South. To strike 



out. To spread or rove ; to make a sudden ex- 
cursion. Burnet. 

STRIKE, strike, n.s. A bushel; a dry measure of 
capacity; four pecks. Tusscr. 

STRFKEBLOCK, strlke'-bl&k. n. s. Is a plane 
shorter than the jointer, having its sole made ex- 
actly flat and straight, and is used for the shooting 
of a short joint. Moxon. 

STRIKER, stri'-kfir. 98. n.s Person or thing that 
strikes. Sidney. 

STRIKING, strl'-ldug. 410. part. a. Affecting; sur- 
prising. Spence. 

STRFKINGLY*, stri'-klng-le. ad. So as to affect or 
surprise. Warton. 

STRFKINGNESS*, strl'-king-nes. n.s. The power 
of affecting or surprising. 

STRING §, string. 410. n. s. [j-fcjim^, Sax. ; streng, 
Germ, and Dan. ; stringhe, Dutch ; stringo, Lat.] 
A slender rope ; a small cord ; any slender and 
flexible band. Wilkins. A riband. Prior. A 
thread on which any things are filed. Stilling feet. 
Any set of things filed on a line. Addison." The 
chord of a musical instrument. Cowley. A small 
fibre. Bacon. A nerve; a tendon. St. Mark, xxvii. 
The nerve or line of the bow. Psalm xi. Any 
concatenation or series; as, a string of proposi- 
tions. — To have two strings to the bow. To have 
two views or two expedients ; to have double ad- 
vantage, or double security. Hudihras. 

To STRING, string, v. a. pret. strung ; part. pass. 
strung. To furnish with strings. Gay. To put 
a stringed instrument in tune. Addison. To file on 
a siring. Spectator. To make tense. Dryden 

STRFNGED, str?ngd. 359. a. Having strings ; pro- 
duced by strings. Psalms. 

STRFNGENT, strm'-j&it. a. [stringens, Lat.] 
Rinding ; contracting. More. 

STRFNGER*, str'fng'-ur. 409. n. s. One who makes 
strings for a bow. Asc.ham. Ob. T. 

STRFNGHALT, string'-halt. n.s. A sudden twitch- 
ing and snatching up of the hinder leg of a horse 
much higher than the other, or an involuntary or 
convulsive motion of the muscles that extend or 
bend the hough. Farrier's Diet. 

STRFNGLESS, strfngMes. a. Having no strings. 
Shakspeare. 

STRFNGY, string'-e. [See Springy.] a. Fibrous ; 
consisting of small threads; filamentous. Grew. 

To STRIPS strip, v. a. [heftpypan, Sax. ; slreifen, 
Germ. ; strypr, Icel.] To make naked ; to deprive 
of covering. Gen. xxxvii. To deprive; to divest. 
Hooker. To rob; to plunder; to pillage: as, A 
thief stripped the house. South. To peel ; to de- 
corticate. Brown. To deprive of all. South. To 
take off" covering. 1 Sam. xix. To cast off. Shak. 
To separate from something adhesive or connect- 
ed. Locke. To draw the after-miikings of cows'. 
Grose. 

STRIP, strip, n.s. [probably for stripe.] A narrow 
shred. Bp. Hall. 

To STRIPES, stripe, v. a. [strepen, Dutch.] To va- 
riegate with lines of different colours. To beat ; 
to lash. 

STRIPE, stripe, n. s. [si repe., Dutch.] A lineary va- 
riation of colour. Bacon. A shred of a different 
colour. Arbuthnot. A weal, or discoloration 
made by a lash or blow. Thomson. A blow; i 
lash. Hay ward. 

STRFPED, strl'-pe'd. part. a. Distinguished by lines 
of different colour. 

STRFPLING, slrlp'-llng. 410. n.s. [rppitan, Sax.] 
A vouth ; one in the state of adolescence. Sluxk. 

STRIPPER, strip'-pur. n. s. One that strips. Slw- 
wood. 

STRFFPINGS*, strlp'-plng^. n. s. After-milkings. 
Grose. 

STRFTCHEL*, strlish'-el n. s. A strickle. See 
Strickle. 

To STRIVE §, strive, v. n. pret. strove, anciently 
strived ; part. pass, striven, [streven, Dutch ; estri- 
ver, Fr.] To struggle; to labour; to make an ef- 
fort. Hooker. To contest; to contend; to Strug- 



STR 



STU 



-liA, mdve, ndr, not ; — tube, tftb, bftll ; — 6il ; — pound ; — tfun, THis. 



gle in opposition to another. Job, xxxiii. To op- 
pose by contrariety of qualities. Denham. To vie ; 
to be comparable' to j to emulate 5 to contend in 
excellence Milton. 
STRPVER sul -vur. n. s. One who labours; one 

who contends. Glanrille. 
STRTVING*, strr-vuig. n. s. Contest. ^Z^i^. iii. 
STRFVINGLY* &trP-vlng-le. ad. With struggle ; 

with contest. HuJoet. 
STRO'KAL, stro'-kal. n.s. An instrument used by 

class makers. Baileij. 
STROKE, or STROOK. Old preterit of strike. 

now commonlv struck. Sidney. 
STROKED stroke, n.s. [from strook, the preterit of 
strike.] A blow; a knock; a sudden act of one 
body upon another. Shak. A hostile blow. Sha/c. 
A sudden disease or affliction. Harte. The sound 
of the clock. Shak. The touch of a pencil. Pope. 
A touch; a masterly or eminent effort. Dryden. 
Ad effect suddenly or unexpectedly produced. 
Power; efficacv. Lfai/ivard. 
To STROKE, stroke, v.a. [rtpaean, Sax.] To rub 
gently with the hand by way of kindness or en- 
dearment ; to soothe. Sidney. To rub gently in one 
directiou. 
STROKER*, stro'-kur. n. s. One who rubs gently 
with the hand ; one who attempts to cure disease's 
by such application of the hand to the part affect- 
ed. Warburton. 
STRO KING* str6 / -k?ng. n. s. The act of rubbing 
gently with the hand. Wotton. The act of rub- 
bins: gently in one direction. Gay. 
To STROLL $, strole. 406. v. n. [reparian, Sax.] 
To wander; to ramble; to rove; to gad idly. 
Pope. 
STROLL*, str6le. n. s. Ramble : a low expression ; 

as, upon the stroll. 
STROLLER. str61'-lur. 98. n. s. A vagrant; a 

wanderer: a vagabond. Swift. 
STROND, str6nd. n. s. The beach ; the bank of the 

water. Sluikspeare. Ob. J. 
STRONGS, strong, a. [j-fcpanS, rtpon£, Sax.] 
Vigorous ; forceful ; of great ability of body. Spenser. 
Fortified; secure from attack. Bacon. Powerful; 
mighty. 2 Sa?n. iii. Supplied with forces : as. a 
thousand strong. Bacon. Violent; forcible; im- 

Setuous. Heulin. Hale; healthy. Ecclus. xxx. 
orcibly acting on the imagination. Bacon. Ar- 
dent ; eeger ; positive ; zealous. Shak. Full ; hav- 
ing any quality in a great degree; affecting the 
sight forcibly. Newton. Potent; intoxicating. Swift. 
Having a deep tincture ; affecting the taste forci- 
bly. King Charles. Affecting the smell powerful- 
ly*. Hudibras. Hard of digestion; not easily nu- 
trimenlal. Hebrews. Furnished with abilities for 
any thing. Dryden. Valid ; confirmed. Wisdom, 
x:v. Violent ; vehement. Heb. v. Cogent ; con- 
clusive. Shak. Able; skilful; of great force of 
mind. Shuk. Firm; compact; not soon broken. 
Pope. Forcibly written ; comprising much mean- 
ing in few words. Smith. 

STliO'NGFISTED. strong-frst'-ed. a. [strong and 
fist."] Strong-handed. Arbuthnot. 

STRO'NGHAND, strongs-hand, n.s. [strong and 
Jiupd.] Force ; violence. Spenser. 

STRONGLY, strong'-le. ad. [rtpon??lice, Sax.] 
With strength ; powerfully ; forcibly. Bacon. With 
strength; with firmness; in such a manner as to 
last; in such a manner as not easily to be forced. 
£mr,vi. Vehemently; forcibly; eagerly. Sliak- 
speare. 

iSTRO'NGSET*, str6ng'-set. a. Firmly compacted. 
Swift. , , 

STRO NGWATER, strong^wa-tur. n. s. Distilled 
spirits. Baron. 

STROOK, strook. The pret. of strike, used for 
struck. 2 Sam. xii. 

STROP*, strop, n. s. [rtpopp, Sax. ; strop, Teut. ; 
strupus, Lat.] A piece of rope spliced into a circu- 
lar wreath, and used to surround the body of a 
block, or for other purposes on board a ship. A 
leather on which a razor is sharpened. 



STRO'PHE, str6'-fe.96. n.s. [<™>^.] A stanza. 
Button. 

To STROUT $, strout. v.n. [strotzen, Germ.] To 
swell with an appearance of greatness; to walk 
with affected dignity ; to strut, commonly and more 
properly written strut. To protuberate ; to swell 
out. Drat/ton. 
To STROUT, strout. v. a. To swell out; to puff 

out ; to enlarge by affectation. Bacon. 
STROVE, str6ve. The preterit of strive. Sid- 
ney. 
To STROW, str6. 266, 324. v. a. To spread by be- 
ing scattered. Mil/on. To spread by scattering ; 
to besprinkle. Milton. To spread. Swift. To 
scatter; to throw at random. Spenser. 
To STROW L, str6le. v.n. To range; to wander. 

Gay. 
To STROY, str6e. v. a. [for destroy.] Tusser. 
STRUCK, struk. The old pret. and part, passive 

of strike. Dryden. 
STRUCKEN, struk'-kn. The old part, passive of 

strike. Fairfax. 
STRUCTURE, strfik'-tshure. 463. n.s. [Fr. ; struc- 
tura, Lat.] Act of building; practice of building. 
Dryden. Manner of building ; form ; make. Wood- 
ward. Edifice; building. Milton. 
STRUDE, strood. )n.s. A stock of breeding mares. 
STRODE, stride. \ Bailey. 
To STRUGGLE $, str&g'-gl. 405. v.n. [probably 
from strucken, or struyacelen, Teut.] To labour ; to 
act with effort. To strive ; to contend ; to contest. 
# Temple. To labour in difficulties; to be in agonies 
* »r distress. Dn/den. 

STRUGGLE, strfig'-gl. 405. n.s. Labour; effort. 
Contest; contention. Addison. Agony; tumultu- 
ous distress. 
STRUGGLER*, strug^-glur. n. s. One who con- 
tends ; a striven Martin. 
STRUGGLING*, strug'-gllng. n. s. The act of 

striving or contending. South. 
S TR U'MA, strod'-ma. 339, 92. n. s. [Lat.] A glan- 
dular swelling - ; the king's evil. Wiseman. 
STRUMOUS; str66'-mus. 314. a. Having swellings 
in the glands ; tainted with the king's evil. Wise- 
nun 1. 
STRUMPET $, strum' pit. 99. n. s. [strupe, old Fr.] 

A whore ; a prostitute. Slvxkspeare. 
STRUMPET*, stnW-pit. a. Like a strumpet; 

false ; inconstant. Shakspeare. 
To STRU'MPET, strum'-plt. v. a. To make a 

whore ; to debauch. Shakspeare. 
STRUNG, strung. The pret. and part, passive of 

string. Gay. 
To STRUT $, strut, v. n. [strotzen, Germ.] To walk 
with affected dignity; to swell with stateliuess. 
Sha/c. To swell ; to protuberate. Dryden. 
STRUT, striit. n. s. An affectation of stateliness in 

the walk. Swift. 
STRUTTER*, strut'-tfir. n. s. One who swells with 
stateliness; one who is biown up with self-conceit , 
a bragger. Annot. on Glanville's Pre-exist. 
STRUTTING LY* strftl'-ting-le. ad. With a strut; 

vaunlinglv. Cotgrave. 
STUB$. stub. n. s. [rteb, r-fcyb, Sax.; stubbc. 
Sueth.] A thick, short stock, left when the rest is 
cut off. Sidney. A lojr ; a block. Milton. 
To STUB, stab. v. a. To force up ; to extirpate. 

Grew. 
STU'BBED, stub'-bed. 366. a. Truncated ; short and 
thick. Hardy ; not delicate; not nice. Bp. Berke- 
ley. 
STUBBEDNESS, slub'-bSd-nSs. n.s. The stale <f 

being short, thick, and truncated. 
STUBBLE, stub'-bl. 405. n. s. [estouble, Fr.; stop- 
pel, Dut. ; stipula, Lat.] The stalks of corn left in 
the field by the reaper. Shakspeare. 
STUBBLEGOOSE*, stub'-bl-goos. n.s. A goose 

fed on the stubbles. Chancer. 
STUBEORN$, stub'-burn. 166. a. [from stnb ; per- 
haps from stubborn.] Obstinate; inflexible } cca- 
tumacious. Spenser. Persisting; persevering, 
steady. Locke. Stiff; not pliable; inflexible j not 
887 



STU 












STU 


KT559.- 


-Fate 


fir. fall, 


fat;- 


— me, meH ; 


—pine 


pin 5— 



easily admitting impression. Dryden. Hardy ; 
firm. Swift. Harsh : rougfh : rugged. Burnet. 

STU'BBORNLY, stub'-bfirn-le. ad. Obstinately; 
contumaciously ; inflexibly. Shakspeare. 

STUBBORNNESS, siub4firn-nes. n. s. Obstina- 
cy ; vicious stoutness ; contumacy ; inflexibility. 
Shakspeare. 

STU'BBY, stfib'-be. a. Short and thick ; short and 
strong. Grew. 

STU'BNAIL, stub'-nale. n.s. A nail broken off" ; a 
short, thick nail. 

STU' CCO, stfik'-ko. n. s. [Ital. ; stuc, Fr.J A kind 
of fine plaster for walls. Pope. 

To STU'CCO*, stfik'-k6. v. a. To plaster walls with 
stucco. Wqrton. 

STUCK, stSk. The pret. and part. pass, of stick. 
Addison. 

STUCK, stfik. n. s. A thrust. Shakspeare. 

STU'CKLE, sifik'-kl. n. s. [from slook.] A number 
of sheaves laid together in the field to dry. Ains- 
worth. 

STUD§, stud. n. s. []-fcubu, Sax.] A post ; a stake ; 
a prop. Spenser. A nail with a large head driven 
for ornament ; any ornamental knob or protuber- 
ance. Chapman, [rxob, Sax.] A collection of 
breeding horses and mares. Temple. 

To STUD, stud. v. a. To adorn with studs or shin- 
ing knobs. Shakspeare. 

STT ? DENT, suV-dent. n. s. [studens, Lat.] A man 
given to books; a scholar; a bookish man. Watts. 

STU'DIED, stud'-fa. 283. a. Learned ; versed in 
any study ; qualified by study. Shakspeai-e. Hav- 
ing any particular inclination. Shakspeare. ♦• 

STURDIER, stfid'-e-fir. n. s. One who studies. Til- 
lotson. 

STU DIOUS, stfi'-de-fis, or stu'-je-fis. 293, 294, 376. 
a. [studieux, Fr. ; studiosus, Lat.] Given to books 
and contemplation ; given to learning. Locke. 
Diligent ; busy. Tickell. Attentive to ; careful. 
White. Contemplative ; suitable to meditation. 
Milton. 

STUDIOUSLY, stu'-de-6s-le, or stu'-je-fis-le. ad. 
Contemplatively ; with close application to litera- 
ture. Diligently; carefully; attentively. Dry- 
den. 

STU'DIOUSNESS, stu'-de-fis-nes, or suV-je-fis-nes. 
n. s. Addiction to study. Hakeioill. 

STU'DY§, stud'-e. n.s. [studium, Lat. ; estude^r.] 
Application of mind to books and learning. Fell. 
Perplexity ; deep cogitation. Sliak. Attention ; 
meditation ; contrivance. Shak. _ Any particular 
kind of learning. Bacon. Subject of attention. 
Law. Apartment appropriated to literary employ- 
ment. Shak. The sketched ideas of a painter, not 
wrought into a whole. Gilpin. 

To STU'DY, stfid'-e. v. n. [sludeo, Lat.] To think 
with very close application ; to muse. Swijl. To 
endeavour diligently. 1 Thess. iv. 

To STU'DY, stfid'-e. v. a. To apply the mind to. 
Milton. To consider attentively. Shakspeare. To 
learn by application. Shakspeare. 

STUFF f, stuff, n. s. [stoffe, Dutch ; estoffe, Fr.] Any 
matter or body. Hooker. Materials out of which 
any thing is made. Sliak. Furniture; goods. Shak. 
That which fills any thing. Shak. Essence ; ele- 
mental part. SJi/ik. Any mixture or medicine. 
Shak. Cloth or texture of any kind. Textures of 
wool thinner and slighter than clolh. Bacon. Mat- 
ter or thing. Shakspeare. 
To STUFF, stuff, v. a. To fill very full with any 
thing. Shak. To fill to uneasiness. Sliak. To 
thrust into any thing. Bacon. To fill by being put 
into any thing. Dryden. To swell out by putting 
something in. Shak. To fill with something im- 
proper or superfluous. Woiton. To obstruct the 
organs of scent or respiration. Shak. To fill meat 
with something of high relish. Sliak. To form by 
stuffing. Swift. 
To STUFF, stuff, v. n. To feed gluttonously. Swift. 
STU'FFING, stfif-flng. 410. n. *. That by which 
any thing is filled. Hale. Relishing ingredients 
put into meat. Mortimer. 



STUKE, stuke. ) n. s. [stuc, Fr.; stucco, Ital.] A 

STUCK, stfik. \ composition of lime and marble, 
powdered very fine, commonly called plaster of 
Paris, with which figures and other ornaments re- 
sembling sculpture are made. Bailey. See Stucco. 

STULM,~stfilm. n. s. A shaft to draw water out of a 
mine. Bailey. 

STULTFLOQUENCE§, stul-tilMo-kwense. 513. 
n. s. [stultus and loquenlia. Lat.] Foolish talk. Diet. 

STULTl'LOQUY^stfil-tiF-6-kwe. n.s. [stultiloqui 
um, Lat.] Foolish babbling or discourse. Bp. lay 
lor. 

To STULTIFY*, stfil'-te-fi. v. a. [stultus and facio, 
Lat.] To prove foolish or void of understanding 
Johnson. 

STUM§, stum, n.s. [rfcyman, Sax.] Wine yet un- 
fermented ; must. Adaison. New wine used to 
raise fermentation in dead and vapid wines. B 
Jonson. Wine revived by a new fermentation. 
Hudibras. 

To STUM, stfim. v. a. To renew wine by mixing 
fresh wine and raising a new fermentation. Floyer 

To STU'MBLE§, stfim'-bl. 405. v. n. [stumra, Icel. ; 
stombla, Suelh.] To trip in walking. Shak. To 
slip ; to err ; to slide into crimes or blunders. 1 Jo 
ii. To strike against by chance ; to light on by 
chance. Sidney. 

To STU'MBLE, stiW-bl. v. a. To obstruct in pro- 
dress ; to make to trip or stop. Milton. To make 
to boggle ; to offend. Locke. 

STU'MBLE, stfim'-bl . n. s. A trip in walking. A 
blunder ; a failure. IJ Estrange. 

STU'MBLER, stfim'-bl-6r. 98.' n. s. One that stum- 
bles. Herbert. 

STU'MBLINGBLOCK, stfim'-bling-bl&k. 410. ; 

STU'MBLINGSTONE, stfim'-blfng-stone. $ 

7i. s. Cause of stumbling ; cause of errour ; cause 
of offence. 1 Cor. i. 

STU'MBLINGLY*, stfim'-bling-le.af/. With failure ; 
with blunder. Sidney. 

STUMP §, stfimp. n. s. [slumpe, Dan. ; stompe, Dut.] 
The part of any solid body remaining after the rest 
is taken away. Spenser. 

To STUMP*, stfimp. v. a. [stompen, Dan.] To lop. 
More. 

To STUMP*, stfimp. v. n. To walk about heavily, 
or clumsily, like a clown : a low, colloquial term. 
Song of Cym. and Iphigenia. 

STU'MPY, stfimp'-e. a. Full of stumps ; hard ; stiff; 
strong. Mortimer, [stumpig, Swed.] Short ; stub- 
by ; sometimes applied to a short but stout person. 

To STUN, stfin. v. a. [rfcuman, Sax. ; estonner, Fr.] 
To confound or dizzy with noise. Milton. To make 
senseless or dizzy with a blow. Dryden. 

STUNG, stfing. 1 he preterit and participle passive 
of sting. Shakspeare. 

STUNK, slfingk. The preterit of stink. 

To STUNT, stfint. v. a. [stunta, Icel. ; ]*fcmtan, 
Sax.] To hinder from growth. Arhuthnot. 

STUPE i stupe, n. s. [stupa, Lat.] Cloth or flax dip- 
ped in warm medicaments, and applied to a hurt 
or sore. Wiseman. 

To STUPE, stupe, v. a. To foment; to dress with 
stupes. Wiseman. 

STUPE*, stupe, n.s. A term in derision for a stupid 
or foolish person. Bickerstaff. 

STUPEFACTION, slu-pe-t ak'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; stu- 
pefactus, Lat.] Insensibility ; dulness ; stupidity ; 
sluggishness of mind ; heavy folly. South. 

STUPEFA'CTIVE, stfi-pe-f ak'-tfv. a. [stupefactus, 
Lat.] Causing insensibility ; dulling ; obstructing 
the senses ; narcotick; opiate. Bacon. 

STUPEFA'CTIVE*, stu-pe-f ak'-tiv. n. s. An opiate. 
Bacon. 

STUPENDOUS, stu-pen'-dfis. a. [stupendus, Lat.} 
Wonderful; amazing* astonishing. Clarendon.. 

{J5=By an inexcusable negligence, mis word and tremen- 
dous, are frequently pronounced as if written stupend- 
ous and tremendious, even by those speakers who, in 
other respects, are not incorrect. They ought t« re- 
member, that compendious and equipondious are the 
only words ending in j'rfious. W. 



SI 


^Y 










SUB 


-n6. 


move 


n6r, ndt ; 


—tube, tab, bull j 


-«1; 


—pound ;- 


— thin, THis. 



STUPENDOUSLY*. stn-peV-d&s-le. ad. In a won- 
derful manner. Sandys. 
STUPE'NDOUSNESS*, siu-pen'-dos-n^s. n. s. 

Wonderfulness. Ellis. 
STUTID $, stiV-pld. a. [stupide, Fr. ; stupidus, Lat.] 
Dull ; wanting sensibility ; wanting apprehension j 
heavy : sluggish of understanding. Milton. Per- 
formed without skill or genius. Swift. 

STUPIDITY.. stu-p?d'-e-te. n.s. [stupidM, Fr. ; szu- 
piditas, Lat.] Dulness; heaviness of mind; slug- 
gishness of understanding. Dryden. 

STU'PIDLY, stiV-pid-le. ad. With suspension or in- 
activity «f understanding. Milton. Dully ; without 
apprehension. Dnjden. 

ST i P1DNESS*, st&'-pid-nSs. n.s. Dulness; stu- 
pidity. Bp. Halt. 

STU'PlFIER. stu'pe-fi-ftr. 98. n.s. That which 

causes stupidity. Bp. Berkeley. 
ToSTU'PIFYi stu'-pe-fl. 183. v. a. [stupefacio, 
Lat.] To make stupid ; to deprive of sensibility ; 
to dull. Shakspeare. To deprive of material mo- 
tion. Bacon. 

STUPOR, suV-pdr. 166. n.s. [Lat.] Suspension or 
diminution of sensibility. Arbutlinot. Astonishment. 
Paiih. Sacra. 
7oSTU'PRATE$. suV-prate. r. a. [slupro, Lat.] 
To ravish ; to violate. 

STUPRA'TION. stu-pr&'-shan. n. s. [siupralio, Lat.] 
Rape ; violation. Broum. 

STU'RDILY, st&r -de-le. ad. Stoutly; hardily. Ob- 
stinately ; resolutelv. Donne. 

STU'RDINESS.stfir-de-nes. n. s. Stoutness; hardi- 
ness. Locke. Brutal strength. 

STURDY £. suV-de. a. Qstowdi, Fr.] Hardy; 
stout ; brutal ; obstinate. Dryden. Strong ; forci- 
ble. Sidney. Stiff'; stout. Wotton. 

STURGEON. sturMun. 259. n.s. [sturgeon, old 
Fr.l A sea-fish. Woodward. 

STURK. stftrk. n. s. [rtypc, Sax.] A young ox or | 
heifer. Bailey, I 

To STUT$, "slut. )v. n. [slattern,] 

To STUTTER $, stut'-tfir. 98.$ Germ.] To 
speak with hesitation ; to stammer. Skelton. 

STUTTER, st&t'-tur. 98. ) n. s. One that speaks 

STUTTERER, stiV-tur-ur. $ with hesitation ; a 
stammerer. Bacon. 

STU TTERINGLY*, st&t'-tur-Ing-le. ) ad. With 

STUTT1NGLY*. stut'-ting-le. \ stammer- 

ins: or hesitating speech. Huloet. 

STY$, stl. n. s. [yci^e, Sax.; stia, Icel.j A cabin 
to keep hogs in. Shak. Any place of bestial de- 
bauchery. Milton. [rz t^enb, Sax.] A humour in 
the eyelid : sometimes written stian. 

To STY, stl. v.a. [pti^ean, Sax.] To shut up in a 
sty. Shakspeare. 

To STY. stl. v.n. [j-ci^an, Sax.; steigan, Goth.] 
To soar ; to ascend ; to climb. Wiclijfe. 

STY'CA* stl'-ka. n. s. [fcica, ]-cyca, Sax.] A 
copper Saxon coin of the lowest value. Leake. 

STY GIAN, st'fd'-je-an. a. [stygius, Lat.] Hellish;) 
infernal ; pertaining to Styx", one of the poetical 
rivers of hell. Milton. 

STYLE§, stile, n.s. [stylus. Lat.] Manner of writing 
with regard to language. Swift. Manner of speak- 
ing appropriate to particular characters. Sidney. 
Mode of painting. Reynolds. It is likewise appli- 
ed to musick. Title ; appellation. Slink. Course 
of writing. Di~yden. A pointed iron used ancient- 
ly in writing on tables of wax. Massey. Any thing 
with a sharp point, as a graver; the pin of a dial. 
Broum. The stalk which rises from amid the 
leaves of a flower. Quincy. — Style of court, is pro- 
perly the practice observed by any court in its way 
of proceeding. Ayliffe. 

To STYLE, stile, v. a. To call ; to term ; to name. 
Clarendon. 

STY'PTICAL§*, st?p'-te-kal. )a. [cTvvriKbs, Gr. ; 

STYPTICK$, st?p'-tlk. S styptique, Fr.] 
The same as astringent ; but generally express- 
es the most efficacious sort of astringents, or 
those which are applied to stop hemorrhages. 
Brovm, 

1J2 



STYPTPCITY, sl?p-uV-e-te. n. s. [stupticite, old 

Fr.l The power of stanching blood. Floyer. 
STYTTICK*. sdp'-tik. n.s. An astringent medi- 
cine; a medicine applied to stop hemorrhages. 
Wiseman. 
To STY'THY. v. a. See To Stithy. 
To SUADE$*, swade. v.a. [sunder. old Fr.;suadeo. 

Lat.] Topersuade. Gnmoald. 
To S\J AGE*, swaje. v.a. To assuage. See To 

Swage. Bp. Fisher. 
SUA SIBLE. swa'-se-b). a. [stuxdeo, Lat.] Easy to 

be persuaded. 
SUA'SION* swa'-zhun. n.s. [old Fr. ; suasio, Lat.] 
Persuasion; enticement. Bp. Hopkins. 

SUA SIVE, swa'-slv. 428. a. Having M\ver to per- 
suade. South. 
SUA'SORY, swa'-sfir-e. 429, 512. [See Domes- 
tick, 557.] a. [suasoi-ius, Lat.] Having tendency 
to persuade. Bp. Hopkins. 

SUA'VITY, swav'-e-te. 511. n.s. [suavite, Fr. ; suavi- 
tas, Lat.] Sweetness to the senses. Brown. Sweet- 
ness to th% mind. Glanrille. 

SUB, sub, in composition, signifies a subordinate 
degree. 

SUBACID, sfib-as'-sid. a. [sub and zcidus, Lat.J 
Sour in a small degree. Arbutlinot. 

SUBA'CRlD.sfib-ak'-krfd.a. [sub and acrid.] Sharp 

and pungent in a small degree. 
TbSUBA'CTS. sfib-akt'. v.a. [subactus, Lat.] To 
reduce ; to subdue. Bacon. 

SUBA'CTION, sub-ak'-shdn. n.s. [subactus, Lat.] 
The act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two 
bodies completely, or beating any thing to a very 
small powder. Bacon. 

SU'BALTERN $, sub'-al-tern. [" Dr. Johnson, Dr. 
Ash, Mr. Bailey, and Mr. Entick, lay the stress up- 
on the second syllable of this word ; but* the usage 
is universally with Mr. Walker and Mr. Sheridan, 
[also Todd, Perry, Jones. Fulton and Knight.] who 
accent it on the first." Author of Remarks on Sheri- 
dan and Walker.] a. [subalteme, Fr.] Inferiour ; 
subordinate ; what in different respects is both su- 
periour and inferiour. It is used in the army of all 
officers below a captain. Bacon. 

SU'BALTERN*, sfib'-al-tern. n. s. A subaltern offi- 
cer. Prior. 

SUBALTE'RNATE, sub-al-teV-nate. a. [subalter- 
nus, Lat.] Succeeding by turns. Vict. Subordi- 
nate. Evelyn. 

SUB ALTERNATION* si'tb-al-ter-na'-shun. n. s. 
Act of succeeding by course. Bullokar. State of 
inferiority; state of being in subjection to another. 
Hooker. 

SUBAQUEOUS*, sub-a'-kwe-us. a. [sub and aqua. 
Lat.] Lying under water. Kirwan. 

SUBARR'ATION*, sab-ar-ra/-shun. n.s. [subar 
rare, low Lat.] The ancient custom of betrothing. 
Wheatley. 

SUBASTRl'NGENT, sab-as-lrln'-jeV.t. a. Astrin 
gent in a small degree. 

SUBBE'ADLE, sub-be'-dl. n.s. An under beadle. 
Ai/liffe. 

SUBCELE'STIAL, sub-se-les'-tshal. a. [sub and ce- 
lestial.] Placed beneath the heavens. Glanville. 

SUBCHAPTER, sub-tshan'-tur. n. s. [sub and 
chanter ; succentor, Lat.] The deputy of the pre- 
centor in a cathedral. Daries. 

SUBCLAVIAN, sub-kla'-ve an. a. [sub and clavus, 
Lat.] Applied to any thing under the armpit or 
shoulder, whether artery, nerve, vein, or muscle. 
Quincy. 

SUBCOMMITTEE*, S fib-k6m-m?t / -te. n.s. A sub- 
ordinate committee. Milton. 

SUBCONSTELLATION, sub^n-ste'l-la'-shun. 
n.s. A subordinate or secondary constellation. 

SUBCONTRACTED, sab-k6n-trak'-ted. part. a. 
Contracted after a former contract. Shakspeare. 

SUBCO'NTRARY, sfib-konMra-re. a. Contrary in 
an inferiour degree. Watts. 

SUBCUTA'NEOUS, sfib-ku-ta'-ne-us. a. [sub ana 
cutaneous.] Lying under the skin. 

SUBDE'ACON.snb-deMoi. 170 n s. [subdiaconui, 
8S9 



SUB 



SUB 



Qj" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



Lat.] In the Romish church, the deacon's servant. 
Ayliffe. 

SUBDE'ACONRY*, sub-de'-kn-re. )n.s. The 

SUBDE ACONSH1P*, sub-de'-kn-shlp. 5 Romish 
order and office of a subdeacon. Bp. Bedell. 

SUBDE y AN, sub-dene', n.s. [subdecanvs,h&L] The 
vicegerent of a dean. Ayliffe. 

SUBDE'ANERY*, sfib-de' ngr-e. n. s. The rank 
and office of subdean. Bacon. 

SUBDE'CUPLE, sub-dek'-ku-pl. a. [sub and decu- 
plus, Lat.] Containing one part often. 

SUBDERISO'RIOUS, sub-der-e-so'-re-us. a. [sub 
and derisor, Lat.] Scoffing or ridiculing with ten- 
derness and delicacy. More. Ob. J. 

SUBDITFTIOUS, sfib-de-tish' i\s. a. [subdititius, 
Lat.] PuWecretly in the place of something else. 

To SUBDIVE'RSIFY, sub-de-veV-se-fl. v. a. To 
diversify again what is already diversified. Hale. 

To SUBDIVFDE, sub-de-vide', v. a. To divide a 
part into vet more parts. Bacon. 

SUBDIVISION, sub-de-vlzh'-un. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of subdividing. Waits. The parts^listinguish- 
ed by a second division. Addison. 

SU'BDOLOUS, sub'-do-lus. 503. a. [subdolus, Lat.] 
Cunning ; subtie ; sly. Bp. Reynolds. 

SUBDU'ABLE*, sOb-du'-a-bl. a. That may be sub- 
dued. Dr. Ward. 

SUBDU'AL*, sub-diV-al. n, s. The act of subduing. 
Warburton. 

To SUBDU'CE, sub-duse'. / v. a. [subduco. subduc- 

To SUBDU'CT, sub-d&kt'. \ tus, Lat.] To with- 
draw ; to take away. Bp. Hall. To substract by 
arithmetical operation. Hale. 

SUBDU'CTION. sub-duk'-shun. n.s. The act of 
taking away. Bp. Hall. Arithmetical substrac- 
tion. Hale. 

To SUBDU'E^, sub-dtV. v.a. [subdo, or sub/ugo, 
Lat.] To crush ; to oppress ; to sink ; to over- 
power. Shak. To conquer; to reduce under a 
new dominion. Gen.'i. To tame; tosubactjto 
break. May. 

SUBDU'EMENT, sub-d.V-ment. n. s. Conquest. 
Sluikspeare. Ob. J. 

SUBDU'ER,sub-du'-ur. 98. n.s. Conqueror ; tamer. 
Spenser. 

SUBDU'PLE, s&b'-du-pl. 405. ; a. [subduple, 

SUBDUTLICATE,sah-diV-ple-kate. ] Fr. ; sub 
and duplus, Lat.] Containing one part of two. 
Wilkins. 

SUBFU'SK*, sub-f&sk'. a. [subfuscus, Lat.] Of a 
dark brown colour. Tatler. 

SUBLNDICA'TION^sub-in-de-kaZ-shun. n.s. [sub- 
indico, low Lat.] Signification; the act of making 
known by signs. Barrow. 

SUBINGRE'SSION, sub-in-gresh'-Qn. n. s. [sub and 
ingressus, Lat.] Secret entrance. Boyle. 

SUBITA'NEOUS, sub-e-ti'-ne-us. 314. a. [subiiane- 
us, Lat.] Sudden ; hasty. Bullokar. 

SU'BITANY*, s&b'-e-ta-ne. a. Hasty ; subitaneous. 
Hales. 

SUBJACENT, s&b-ja'-sSnt. a. [old Fr. ; subjacens, 
Lat.] Lying under. Woodward. 

To SUBJE'CT §, s&b-jekl'. 492. v. a. [subject™, Lat.] 
To put under. Milton. To reduce to submission ; 
to make subordinate; to make submissive. Dryden. 
To enslave ; to make obnoxious. Slw/c. To ex- 
pose ; to make liable. Arbuthnot. To submit ; to 
make accountable. Locke. To make subservient. 
Milton. 

SUBJECT, sub'-jekt. a. [old Fr. ; subjectus, Lat.] 
Placed or situated under. Spenser. Living under 
the dominion of another. Locke. Exposed ; liable ; 
obnoxious. Sliak. Being that on which any action 
operates, whether intellectual or material. Dry- 
den. 

SU'BJECT, s&b'-jgkt. 492. n. s. [subject, old Fr.] one 
who lives under the dominion of another ; opposed 
. to governour. Shak. That on which any operation, 
either mental or material, is performed. Shak. 
That in which any thing inheres or exists. Bacon. 
[In grammar.] The nominative case to a verb. 
Clarke. 



SUBJECTED \,, sfib-jek'-teU part. a. Put under 
reduced to submission ; exposed ; made liable to. 

9CT A very improper, though a very prevailing misac- 
centuation of the passive participle of the verb to sub- 
ject, has obtained, which ought to be corrected. All 
the authorities in Johnson place the accent of subjected 
on the same syllable as the verb, except one from Mil- 
ton : 

" He subjected to man's service angel wings." 
But in another passage Milton accents this word as it 
ought to be, even when an adjective : 



-The angel 



" Led them direct and down the cliff as fast 
" To the subjected plain." 
But as the word subject is an adjective as well as a verb, 
and when an adjective it has always the accent on the 
first syllable, so the participle has not only caught the 
accent of the adjective, but, as one errour commonly 
generates another, seems to have communicated the 
impropriety to the verb ; which we sometimes hear, 
contrary to all analogy and authority, accented on the 
first syllable likewise. These improprieties are easily 
corrected at first, and, in my opinion, they are not yet 
so rooted as to make correctness look like pedantry. W. 

SUBJECTION, sub-jeV-shun. n. s. [from subject.] 
The act of subduing. Hale, [subjection, old Fr.] 
The state of being under government. Hooker. 

SUBJECTIVE, sub-jelt'-dv. a. Relating not to die 
object, but the subject. Watts. 

SUBJECTIVELY*, sub-jek'-uVle. ad. In relation 
to the subject. Pearson. 

To SUBJOFN.sub-jSin'. v.a. [sub, aadjaindre,Fr.] 
To add at the end ; to add afterwards. South. 

To SUBJUGATE $, S ab'-ju-gate. v. a. [subjnguer. 
Fr. ; subjugo, Lat.] To conquer; to subdue; to 
bring under dominion by force. Prior. 

SUBJUGATION, s&b-ju-ga'-shtm. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of subduing. Hale. 

SUBJU'NCTION §, sub-j&ng'-shun. n. s. [subjungo, 
Lat.] The state of being subjoined; the act of sub- 
joining. Clarke. 

SUBJU'NCTIVE, s&b-jfingMiv. a. [subjunctivus, 
Lat.] Subjoined to something else. [In grammar.] 
The verb undergoes a different formation, to sig- 
nify the same intentions as the indicative, yet not 
absolutely but relatively to some other verb, which 
is called the subjunctive mood. Clarke. 

SUBLAPSA'RIAN, sftb-lap-sa'-re-an. )a.[sub and 

SUBLA'PSARY, s&b-lap'-sa-re. 5 lapsus, 

Lat.] Done after the fall of man. Hammond. 

SUBLAPSA'RIAN*, sub-lap-sa'-re-an. n. s. One 
who maintains the sublapsarian doctrine : viz. that 
Adam having sinned freely, and his sin being im- 
puted to all his posterity, God did consider man- 
kind, thus Tost, with an eye of pity ; and, having 
designed to rescue a great number out of this lost 
state, he decreed to send his Son to die for them, to 
accept of his death on their account, &c. Bur- 
net. 

SUBLA'TION, sub-la'-shun. n. s. [sublatio, Lat.] 
The act of taking away. Bp. Hall. 

SUBLEVA'TION, s&b-le-va'-shun. n. s. [sublevo, 
Lat.] The act of raising on high. 

SUBLFMABLE, sub-ll'-ma-bl. a. Possible to be 
sublimed. 

SUBLFMABLENESS, sub-ll'-ma-bl-nes. n. s. Quali- 
ty of admitting sublimation. Boyle. 

To SU'BLIMATE, s&bMe-mate. 91. v.a. To raise 
by the force of chymical fire. To exalt ; to height- 
en ; to elevate. Drayton. 

SUBLIMATE, s&b'-le-mat. 91, n. s. Any thing 
raised by fire in the retort. Bacon. Quicksilver 
raised in the retort. 

SU'BLIMATE, sub'-le-mat. a. Raised by fire in 
the vessel. Newton. 

SUBLIMA'TION, sub-le-ma'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] A 
chymical operation which raises bodies in the ves- 
sel by the force of fire. Sublimation differs very 
little from distillation, excepting that in distillation 
only the fluid parts of bodies are raised, but in 
this the solid and dry ; and that the matter to be 
distilled may be either solid or fluid, but sublima- 
tion is only concerned about solid substances. 
890 



SUB 



SUR 



— 116, move, n6r, n6t; — tube, tab, bull ; — 611 ; — pSnnd ; — thin, this. 



Quincy. Exaltation ; elevation ; act of heighten- 
ing- or Improving-. Dames. 

SUBLI'ME y, sub-blime'. a. [sublimit, Lat.] High in 
place; exalted aloft. Milton. High in excellence ; 
exalted by nature. Milton. High in style or sen- 
timent ; lofty ; grand. Prior. Elevated by joy. 
Milton. Lofty of mien ; elevated in manner. 
Wotton. 

SUBLI'ME, sub-bllme'. n. s. The grand or lofty style. 
— The sublime is a Gallicism, but now naturalized. 
Pope. 

To SUBLI'ME. s&b-bllme'. v. a. [sublimer, Fr.] To 
raise by a chymical fire. Donne. To raise on 
high. DenJiam. To exalt; to heighten; to im- 
prove. Milton. 

To SUBLI'ME, sfib-bllme'. r. n. To rise in the 
chymical vessel by the force of fire. Netcton. 

SUBLI'MELY, s5b-blime'-le. ad. Loftily ; grandly. 
Parnel. 

SUBLI'MENESS, s&b-bllme'-nes. n. s. Sublimity. 
Burnet. 

SUBL1MIFIC A'TION*, sub-bHm-e-fe-ka/-shun. n.s. 
[sublimis and facio, Lat.] The act of making sub- 
lime. Gilpin. 

SUBLI'MITY, sfib-bllm'-e-te. n. s. [sublimite, Fr. ; 
sublimitas, Lat.] Height of place ; local elevation. 
Height of nature ; excellence. Hooker. Loftiness 
of stvle or sentiment. Addison. 

SUBLTNGUAL, sub-lmg'-gwal. a. [Fr.] Placed 
under the tongue. Harvey. 

SUBLUNAR, sfib-lu'-n&r. } a. [sublunaire, Fr. ; j 

SU'BLUNARY, sfib'-Iu-nar-e. <> sub and luna,Lai.] \ 
Situated beneath the moon; earthly; terrestrial;; 
of this world. Donne. 

{fCr Accenting the word sublunary on the first syllable 
can only be accounted for on the principles laid down, | 
No. 503, and under the words Academy, Incompara- : 

BLE, &C I 

Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. 
Johnston, Mr. Perry, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Barclay, and 
Entick, accent the first ; and Bailey and Fenning, only, 
the second syllable. W. 

SU'BLUNARY*, sub'-li-nar-e. n.s. Any worldly | 
thing-. Feliluun. 

SU'BMARINE, sub-ma-reen / . a. [sub and mare,\ 
Lat.] Lying or acting under the sea. Wilkins. 

To SUBMERGE y, sub-merje'. v. a. [submergerA 
Fr. ; submergo, Lat.] To drown ; to put under J 
water. Shakspe.are. 

To SUBMERGE*, sub-merje'. v.n. To be under! 
water ; to lie under water : spoken of swallows. I 
Gent. Mas;, lxxviii. 

To SUBMERSE*, sttb-merse'. v.a. [submenus, Lat.] 
To put under water. Scott. 

SUBME'RSION, s&b-mer'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; from 
submersus, Lat.] The act of drowning; state of 
being drowned. Hale. State of lying under water. 
Translation of Buff on. 

To SUBMINISTER §, sub-min'-?s-tur. ; , I 

2 , oSUBMI / iMSTRATE§, sub-miV-is-trdte. $ j 
[subministro ,Lat.] To supply; to afford. Hale. 

To SUBMINISTER, sfib-mln'-is-tfir. r. n. To sub- 
serve ; to be useful to. V Estrange. 

SUBMI'NISTRANT*, sfib-mm'-Is-trant. a. [sub- 
ministrans, Lat.] Subservient ; serving in subordi- 
nation. Bacon. 

SUBMINISTR A'TION*, sub-min-is-tra'-shun. n. s. 
Act of supplying. Wotton. 

SUBMI'SS, sub-mis', a. [sulnnissus, Lat.] Humble; 
submissive ; obsequious. Bacon. Low ; not loud ; 
gentle. Smith. 

SUBMISSION, sub-mlsh'-fin. n. s. [soubmission, 
Fr.] Delivery of himself to the power of another. 
Shak. Acknowledgement of inferiority or depen- 
dence ; humble or suppliant behaviour. Sliak. Ac- 
knowledgement of a fault; confession of errour. 
Shak. Obsequiousness; resignation; obedience. 
Temple. 

SUBMrSSIVE.sub-mis / -siv.428.a. [submissus. Lat.] 
Humble ; testifying submission or inferiority. Sliak. 

SUBMISSIVELY, sub-m?s'-slv-le. ad. Humbly; 
with confession of inferiority. Diyden. 



SUBMl'SSIVENESS, s&b-mfs'-srv-nes. 168. n. s. 
Humility; confession of fault, or inferiority. Herbert. 

SUBMI'SSLY, sab-mis'-le. ad. Humbly ; with sub- 
mission. Bp. Taylor. 

SUBMI'SSNESS*, sab-mis'-ngs. n.s. Humility; 
lowliness of mind ; resignation; obedience. Burton. 

To SUBMl'T s\. sfib-mit'. v. a. [submitto, Lat.] To let 
down; to sink. Dryden. To subject; to resign 
without resistance to authority. Gen. xvi. To 
leave to discretion; to refer to judgement. Swift. 

To SUBMl'T, sub-mh'. v.n. To be subject; to 
acquiesce in the authority of another; to yield 
Muton. 

SUBMITTER* sub-mft'-tur. n.s. One who submits. 
Whitlock. ft 

SUBMU'LTIPLE, sub-mfil'-te-pl. n. s A sulnnulti- 
pie number or quantity is that which is contained 
in another number a certain number of times ex 
actly : thus 3 is submultiple of 21 , as being con 
tained in it seven times exactly. Harris. 

SUBNA'SCENT* sub-nas'-sent. a. [subnascens 
Lat.] Growing beneath something else. Evelyn. 

SUBOBSCUREL Y*, sab-6b-skure'-le. ad. [sub, and 
obscure.] Somewhat darkly. Donne. 

SUBO'CTAVE. sfib-ok'-tave. )a. [sub, and octa- 

SUBO'CTUPLE, sub-ok'-tu-pl. \ vus, Lat; and 
octuple.'] Containing one part of eight. Wilkins. 

SUBORDINACY, s6b-6.'-de-na-se. ) n. s. [from 

SUBO'RDINANCY, sfib-6r'-de-nan-se. \ subordi- 
nate. Subordinacy is ihe proper and analogical 
word.] The state of being subject. Spectator. Se- 
ries of subordination. Temple. 

SUBORDINATE^ sub-6r'-de-nat. 91. a. [sub and 
ordinatus, Lat.] Inferiour in order, in nature, in 
dignity or power. South. Descending in a regi 
lar series. Bacon. 

SUBORDINATE*, sub-dr'-de-nat. n.s. An infc 
riour person. Sa?idys. One of a descent in a regu 
lar series. Milton. 

To SUBORDINATE, sub-6r'-de-nate. 91 0. a. To 
range under another ; to make subordinate. Hooker 

SUBORDINATELY, sQb-6r'-de-nat-le. ad. In a se- 
ries regularly descending. Decay of Christian 
Piety. 

SUBORDINATION, sub-6r-de-na'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] 
The state of being inferiour to another. Dryden. 
A series regularly descending. Holyday. Place of 
rank. Swift. 

To SUBORN y, sub-Srn'. v. a. [suborner, Fr. ; sub- 
oj-no, Lat.] To procure privately ; to procure by 
secret collusion. Hooker. To procure by indirect 
means. Dryden. 

SUBORNA'TlON, sub-6r-na'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The 
crime of procuring any to do a bad action. Spenser. 

SUBORNER, sub-6r'-nar. 93. n.s. [suborneur, Fr.] 
One that procures a bad action to be done. Bacon. 

SUBPCE'NA, sub-pe'-na. 92. n. s. [sub, and pcena, 
Lat.] A writ commanding attendance in a court 
under a penalty. Shirley. 

35= This, like most other technical words, is often cor- 
rupted into su-pena. — See Cleff. W. 

To SUBPCE'NA*, sub-pe'-na. v. a. To serve with a 
subpoena. Lord Chesterfield. 

SUBPRI'OR* s&b-prl'-fir. n. s. [sub, and prior.-] 
The vicegerent of a prior. Loivth. 

SUBQUA'DRUPLE, sub-kw&d'-ru-pl. a. [sub, and 
quadruple^ Containing one part of four. Wilkins. 

SUBQUI'NTUPLE, sub-kwin'-tu-pl. a. [sub, and 
quintupled] Containing one part of five. Wilkins. 

SUBRE'CTOR, sub-rek'-tfir. 166. n.s. [sub, and 
rector.] The rector's vicegerent. Walton. 

SUBRE'PTIONS, sub-rep'-shun. n.s. [subreption, 
Fr. ; subreptus, Lat.] The act of obtaining a favour 
by surprise or unfair representation. Bp. Hall. 

SUBREPTI'TIOUS, sfib-rep-tish'-us. a. [surrep- 
tice, Fr. ; surrepliiius, Lat.] Falsely crept inj 
fraudulently foisted ; fraudulently obtained. Cot- 
grave. 

SUBREPTI'TIOUSLY* s&b-rep-fish'-us-le. ad. 
By falsehood ; by stealth. Sherwood. 

SUBRE'PTIVE*, sub-rep'-tfv. a. [subrepiif, Fr.] 
Subreptitious. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 
891 



SUB 



SUB 



0= 559.— File, fir, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- 



To SUBROGATE, sfib'-r6-gate. w. a. [sw£rago, 
Lat.] To put in the place of another. Ld. Herbert. 
To SUBSCRIBE $, sub-skrlbe'. v.a. [subscribo, Lat.] 
To give consent to by underwriting the name. 
Clarendon. To attest by writing the name. Whit- 
gift. To submit. Sliakspeare. 
To SUBSCRIBE, sub-skrlbe'. v.n. To give con- 
sent. Hooker. To promise a stipulated sum for 
the promotion of any undertaking. 
SUBSCRIBER, sub-skrl'-bur. 98. n. s. One who 
subscribes. Bennet One who contributes to any 
undertaking. Sioijt. 
SUBSCRIPT*, sub' skrfpt. n.s. [subscriptum, Lat.] 

Any thing underwritten. Bentley. 
SUBSCRIPTION, sfib-skrlp'-shfin. n.s. [subscrip- 
tio, Lat.] Any thing underwritten. Bacon. Con- 
sent or attestation given by underwriting the name. 
The act or state of contributing to any undertaking. 
Pope. Submission ; obedience. Sliakspeare. 

SUBSECTION, sfib-sek'-shun. n. s. [sub and sectio, 
Lat.] A subdivision of a larger section into a lesser ; 
a section of a section. Diet. 

SUBSE'CUTIVE, sub-sek'-ku-uV. a. [subsecutif, 
Fr.; from subsequvr, Lat.] Following in train. 
Cotgrave. 

SUBSEBTUPLE, sub-sep'-tu-pl. a. [sub and sep- 
tuplus, Lat.J Containing one of seven parts. Wil- 
kins. 

SUBSEQUENCE , sub'-se-kwense. i n. s. [subse- 

SUBSEQUENCY* sub'-se-kwen-se. J quor, Lat.] 
The state of following ; not precedence. Grew. 

SUBSEQUENT*, sub'-se-kwent. a. [Fr. ; subse- 
quent, Lat.] Following in train ; not preceding. 
Sliakspeare. 

SUBSEQUENTLY, sub'-se-kwent-le. ad. Not so 
as to go before ; so as to follow in train. South. 

To SUBSEBVE§, sfib-serv'. v.a. [subservio, Lat.] 
To serve in subordination ; to serve instrumentally. 
Milton. 

SUBSERVIENCE, sub-ser'-ve-ense. I n.s. Instru- 

SUBSEBVIENCY, sub-seV-ve-en-se. $ mental fit- 
ness, use, or operation. Dryden. 

SUBSERVIENT, sub-ser'-ve-ent. a. [subservient, 
Lat.] Subordinate ; instrumentally useful. Fell. 

SUBSE'XTUPLE, sub-seks'-tu-pl. a. [sub and sex- 
iuplus, Lat.] Containing one part of six. Wilkins. 

To SUBSIDE $, sub-side 7 , v.n. [subsido, Lat.] To 
sink ; to tend downwards. It is commonly used 
of one part of a compound, sinking in the whole. 
Dryden. 

SUBSIDENCE, sub-sl'-dense. ) n. s. The act of 

SUBSI'DENCY, s&b-sl'-den-se. $ sinking; tenden- 
cy downwards. Burnet. 

SUBSIDIARILY*, sub-sid'-e-ii-re-le. ad. In an as- 
sisting 1 way. Sherwood. 

SUBSIDIARY, snb-sid'-e-a-re, or sub-sid'-je-a-re. 
293, 294, 376. a. [subsidiaire, Fr. ; subsidiarius , 
Lat.] Assistant; brought in aid. Arbuthnot. 

SUBSIDIARY*, sfib-skK-e-a-re. n.s. An assistant, j 
Hammond. 

To SUBSIDIZE*, suiy-se-dize. v. a. To furnish 
with a subsidy: a modern word. 

SUBSIDY §, sub'-se-de. n. s. [subside, Fr. ; sub- 
sidium, Lat.] Aid, commonly such as is given in 
money. Bacon. 

To SUBSPGN§, sub-sine', v.a. [subsigno, Lat; 
soubsigner, Fr.] To sign under, Camden. 

SUBSIGNA'TION* sub-sig-na'-sh&n. n.s. [sub- 
signatio, Lat.] Attestation given by underwriting 
the name. Slielden. 

To SUBSl'ST §, sub-slst'. v.n. [subsister, Fr. ; sub- 
sisto, Lat.] To be; to have existence. To con- 
tinue; to retain the present state or condition. 
Milton. To have means of living ; to he main- 
tained. Dryden. To inhere ; to have existence by 
means of something else. Sotcth. 

To SUBSIST*, sub-sist'. v.a. To feed ; to maintain. 
Addison. 

SUBSISTENCE, sflb-sls'-tense. ) n. s. [subsistance, 

SUBSI'STENCY, sub-s?s'-ten-se. \ Fr.l Real be- 
ing. Hooker. Competence ; means of supporting 
life. Addison. Inherence in something else. 



SUBSFSTENT, sfib-sls'-tent. a. [subsistens, Lat.] 

Having real being. Broum. Inherent. Bentley. 
SUBSTANCE §, sfiV-stanse. n. s. [Fr.; substantia. 
Lat.] Being; something existing; something of 
which we can say that it is. Dairies. That which 
supports accidents. Milton. The essential part. 
Digby. Something real, not imaginary; some- 
thing solid, not empty. Shak. Body; corporeal 
nature. Neu>ton. Wealth; means of life. Sliak 
SUBSTANTIAL, sfib-stan'-shal. a. [substanlielk. 
Fr.] Real; actually existing. Bentley. True; 
solid ; real ; not merely seeming. Shak. Corpo- 
real; material. Prioi: Strong; stout; bulky. 
Milton. Responsible; moderately wealthy; pos- 
sessed of substance. Spenser. 
SUBSTANTIALITY, sub-stib-she-al'-e-te. n. s. 
The state of real existence. Corporeity; materi- 
ality. Glanirille. 
SUBSTANTIALLY, s&b-stan'-shal-e. ad. In man- 
ner of a substance ; with reality of existence. Mil- 
ton. Strongly; solidly. Clarendon. Truly; solidly; 
really ; with fixed purpose. Tillotson. With com- 
petent wealth. 
SUBSTANTIALNESS, sfib-stan'-shal-ngs. n. s. 
The state of being substantial. Firmness; strength ; 
power of holding or lasting. Camden. 
SUBSTA'NTIALS, sfib-stan'-shalz. n. s. Essential 

parts. Ayliffe. 
To SUBSTANTIATE, sub-stan'-she-ate. v. a. To 

make to exist. Ayliffe. 
SUBSTANTIVE, sub'-stan-tJv. 512. n. s. [substantif, 
Fr.; substantivum, Lat.] A noun; the name of" a 
thing, of whatever we conceive in any way to sub- 
sist, or of which we have any notion. Lowth. 
SUBSTANTIVE, sub'-slan-uV. a. [suhstantivus, 
Lat.] Solid; depending only on itself. Bacon. Be- 
tokening existence. Arbuthnot. 
SUBSTANTIVELY, sub'-stan-tiv-le. ad. As a sub- 
stantive. 
To SUBSTITUTE $, sub'-ste-tute. v. a. [substituer. 
Fr. ; substitutus, Lat.] To put in the place of anoth- 
er. Di-yden. 
SUBSTITUTE, sub'-ste-tute. 463. n. s. [substitui, 
Fr.] One placed by another to act with delegated 
power. Sliak. It is used likewise for things : as, 
one medicine is a substitute for another. 
SUBSTITUTION, sub-ste-trY-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] The 
act of placing any person or thing in the room of 
another; the state of being placed in the room of 
another. Bacon. 
To SUBSTRA'CT$, sub-strakf. v.a. [subtralw, 
Lat.] To take away part from the whole. To take 
one number from another. See To Subtract. 
SUBSTRUCTION, sub-slrak'-shfin. n.s. [subtrac- 
tion, Fr.] The act of taking away part from the 
whole. Sandys. [In arithmetick.l The taking of a 
lesser number out of a greater oflike kind, where- 
by to find out a third number, being or declaring 
the inequality, excess, or difference between the 
numbers given. Cocker. 
S UBS TRA! T UM*, sub-stra'-tum. n. s. [Lat.] A 
layer of earth, or any other substance lying under 
another. A. Baxter. 
SUBSTRUCTION, sub-str&k'-shun. n.s. [substruc- 

iio, Lat.] Underbuilding. Wotton. 
SUBSTRUCTURE*, sub-str&k'-tshure. n. s. [sub 

and structure., Lat.] A foundation. Harris. 
SUBSTYBAR, sub-stl'-lar. a. [sub and stylus, Lat.] 
Subslylar line is, in dialling, a right line, whereon 
the gnomon or style of a dial is erected at right 
angles with the plane. Moxon. 
SUBSUBTIVE £, s&b-sul'-uV ; a. [subsuUus, 
SUBSUBTORY$, sub'-sfil-tar-e. > Lat.] Bound- 
ing ; moving by starts. Bp. Berkeley. 
#5= Mr. Sheridan is the only orthoepist who has accent- 
ed this word on the first syllable, as I have done , for 
Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Barclay, Fenning, 
Bailey, and Entick, accent the second. Its companion, 
desultory, is accented on the first syllable by Mr. Sheri- 
dan, Dr. Johnson, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, and Fenning; 
but on the second by Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, 
W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Bailey, and Entick. 
As these two words must necessarily be accented alike, 
892 



SUB 



sue 



—116. nidve. nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pound ;- thin, THis. 



we see Dr. Johnson and Penning are inconsistent. But, 
thoagh the majority of authorities are against me in 
both these words, I greatly mistake if analogy is not 
clearly on my side.— See Principles, No. 512. W. 

SUBSU'LTORILY.sub'-sfil-tar-e-le.ad. In abound- 
ing manner ; by fits 5 by starts. Bacon, 
To SUBSU -ME*, snb-sume'. en. [sub and sumo, 
Lat.l To assume a position by consequence. Ham- 
mond. 

SUBTA'NGENT, sub-tan'-jent. n, s. In any curve, 
is the line which determines the intersection of the 
tangent in the axis prolonged. Diet. 
To SUBTE ND, sab-tend', v. a. [sub and tendo, Lat.] 
To be extended under. Brown. 

SUBTE'NSE, sub-tense, n. s. [sub and tensus, Lat.l 
The chord of an arch. 

SU'BTER, sub'-t&r. [Lat.] In. composition, signi- 
fies under. 

SUBTERFLU'ENT, sfib-teY -flu-en t. ? 518. a. [sub- 

SUBTE/RFLUOUS, sub-ter^-flu-ds. \ Urfiuo, Lat.] 
Running under. 

SU'BTERFUGE, sub'-ter-fudje. n, s. [Fr. ; subter 
and fugio, Lat.] A shift ; an evasion; a trick. 
Bacon. 

SU'BTERRANE*, sub'-ter-rane. n. s. [soubterrain, 
Fr.] A subterraneous structure 5 a room under 
ground. Bryant. 

SLBTERRA'NEAL, sSb-ter-ra'-ne-al. ^ 

SUBTERRANEAN, sfib-ter-ra'-ne-an. ( 

SUBTERRANEOUS, sub-ter-ra'-ne-us. ( u - 

SU'BTERRANY, sub'-teV-ra-ne. ) 

[sub and terra, Lat.: soubterrain, Fr.] Lying un- 
der the earth ; placed below the surface. Bacon. 

SUBTERRA'NITY, sub-ter-ran'-e-le. n. s. A place 
under ground. Brown. Ob. J. 

SU'BTERRANY* sob'-ter-ra-ne. n. s. What lies 
under the earth, or below the surface. Bacon. 

SU'BTILE$, sub'-til. a. [Fr.; subtilis, Lat. This 
word is often written subtle.] Thin; not dense; 
not gross. Dry den. Nice; fine; delicate; not 
coarse. Dairies. Piercing; acute. Prior. Gun- 
ning ; artful ; sly ; subdolous : in this sense it is now 
commonly written subtle. Hooker. Deceitful. Shak. 
Refined; acute 'beyond necessity. Milton. 

SU'BTILELY, sub'-til-le. ad. In a subtile manner; 
thinly; not densely. Finely; not grossly. Bacon. 
Artfully ; cunningly. Boyle. 

SUBTLENESS, sub'-tll-nes. n.s. Fineness; rare- 
ness. Cunning; artfulness. 

To SUBTI'LIATE, sub-til'-yate. 113. v. a. To make 
thin. Harvey. 

SUBTILIA'TION, sub-tll-ya'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The 
act of making thin. Boyle. 

SUBTILIZA'TION, sub-til-e-za'-shun. n. s. The 
making any thing so volatile as to rise readily in 
steam or vapour. Quincy. Refinement; super- 
fluous aculeness. 

To SU'BTILIZE, sub'-tfl-ize. v. a. [subtiliser, Fr.] 
To make thin ; to make less gross or coarse. Raij. 
To refine ; to spin into useless niceties. Glanville. 

To SU'BTILIZE, sflb'-dl-lze. v. n. To talk with too 
much refinement. Digby. 

SU'BTILTY, sub'-tll-te. n. s. [subtilite, Fr.] Thin- 
ness; fineness; exility of parts. Bacon. Nicety; 
exility. Bacon. Refinement; too much acuteness. 
Boyle. Cunning; artifice; slyness. Sidney. 

SU'BTLE, s&t'-tl. 34.7. 405. a. Sly ; artful ; cunning. 
Sparser. 

^CT" This word and subtile, have been used almost indis- 
criminately to express these different senses, as may be 
seen in Johnson ; but, as custom has adopted a different 
spelling and a different pronunciation, it is to be pre- 
sumed it has not been without reason. That the first 
sense should extend itself to the latter, is not to be won- 
dered an as words have a tendency to fall into a bad sense; 
witness knave, villain. Sec. ; but if custom has marked 
this difference of sense by a difference of spelling and pro- 
nunciation, it should seem to be an effort of nature to pre- 
serve precision in our ideas. If these observations are 
just, the abstracts of these words ought to be kept as 
distinct as their concretes; from subtile ought to be 
formed subtilty, and from subtle, subtlety ; the & being 
beard in the two first, and mute in the two last. W. 



J SUBTLETYt, sut'-tl-te. n. s. Artfulness; cunning, 
SUBTLY, s&t'-le. ad. Slyly ; arlful.y cunningly 

Mi/ton. Nicely; delicately Pope. 
To SUBTRACT y , s6b-trakt'. v. a. [subtracts, Lat.] 
To withdraw part from the rest. Davies. See Sub- 

STRACT. 

SUBTRACTION, s&b-trak'-shun. n.s. Subtraction: 
which see. [In law.] Subtraction happens, when 
any person who owes any suit, duty, custom, or 
service, to another, withdraws or neglects to per 
form it. Blackstcme. 

SUBTRACTER, sub-trakt'-fir. n. s. The number 
to be taken out of a larger number. 

SUBTRAHEND, s&b-tra-hend'. n.s. [sublrahen- 
dum, Lat.] The number to be substracted or taken 
out of another, 

SUBTRI'PLE, s&b-lrfp'-pl. a. [Fr. ; sub and triplus, 
Lat.] Containing a third or one part of thretr. 
Wilkins. 

SUBTU'TOR*, sub-tiV-tur. n. s. A subordinate tu- 
tor. Burnet. 

SUBUNDA'TION*, sfib-un-da'-shfln. n. s. [s?ib and 
unda, Lat.] Flood ; deluge. Huloet. Ob. T. 

SU BURB$, sub'-firb. n. s. [suburbium, Lat.] Build- 
ing without the walls of a city. Bacon. The con- 
fines ; the outpart. Cleaveland. 

SUBU'RBAN, sfib-urb'-an. 88.-) a. [suburbanus, 

SUBU'RBIAL*, sub-ur'-be-al. 1 Lat.l Inhabiting 

SUBU'RBIAN* sub-iV-be-an. > the suburb. Miit. 

SU'BURBED*, sfib'-firbd. a. Bordering upon a sub- 
urb ; having a suburb on its outpart. Carew. 

SUBURBICA'RIAN*, sfib-ur-be-ka'-re-an. a. [sub- 
urbicarius, Lat.] Applied to those provinces of 
Italy, which composed the ancient diocess of Rome. 
Barrow. 

SUBVENTA'NEOUS, sub-yen-ta'-ne-fis. a. [sub- 
-venianeus, Lat.l Addle ; windy. Brown. 

SUBVENTION*, sub-veV-sh&n. n. s. [old Fr.] The 
act of coming under; the act of supporting: aid. 
Stackhouse. 

To SUBVERSE §, sub-verse', v.a. [subversus, Lat.J 
To subvert; to overthrow. Spenser. 

SUBVERSION, sub-ver'-shftn. n.s. [Fr.; subver- 
sus, Lat.] Overthrow; ruin; destruction. Shale. 

SUBVERSIVE, sub-ver'-slv. 158. a. Having ten- 
dency to overturn. Rogers. 

To SUBVERT $, sub-vert', v. a. [subvertir, Fr. ; 
subverto, Lat.] To overthrow; to overturn; to 
destroy ; to turn upside down. MiUon. To corrupt ; 
to confound. 2 Tim. ii. 

SUBVE'RTER, sfib-vert'-ur. 98. n. s. Ovcrthrower j 
destroyer. Dryden. 

SUBWO'RKER, sub-wurk'-ur. n. s. Underworker ; 
subordinate helper. South. 

SUCCEDA'NEOUS, suk-se-da'-ne-us. a. [succeda- 
neus. Lat.] Supplying the place of something else, 
Brown. 

SUCCEDA'NEUM, suk-se-da'-ne-fim. 503. n.s. 
[Lat.] That which is put to serve for something 
else. Warburton. 

To SUCCE'ED §, sflk-seed'. 346. v. n. [succeder, Fr. j 
succedo, Lat.] To follow in order. Shak. To come 
into the place of one who has quitted or died. 
Digby. To obtain one's wish ; to terminate an 
undertaking in the desired effect. Dryden. To 
terminate according to wish ; to have a good effect. 
Tob. iv. To go under cover. Dryden. 

To SUCCE'ED, s&k-seed'. v. a. To follow; to be 
subsequent or consequent to. Brown. To prosper ; 
to make successful. Dryden. 

SUCCE'EDER, sfik-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who fol- 
lows; one who comes into the p.cce of another. 
Daniel. 

SUCCESS $, s&k-ses'. n. s. [succes, Fr. successus, 
Lat.] The termination of any affair, happy or un- 
happy. Success without any epithet is commonly 
taken for good success. Wisd. xiii. Succession. 
Spenser. 

SUCCESSFUL, sulc-ses'-f&l. a. Prosperous; happy; 
fortunate. South. 

SUCCESSFULLY, sflk-ses'-ful-e. ad. Prosperous- 
ly; luckily; fortunately. Shakspeare. 
893 



sue 



SUF 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— mi, met;— pine, pin ;— 



3UCCE'SSFULNESS,su.k-ses'-ful-nes. n.s Happy 
conclusion; desired event ; series of good fortune. 
Hammond. 
SUCCESSION, sak-sesh'-un. n.s. [Fr. ; successio, 
Lat.] Consecution ; series of one tiling or person 
following another. Hooker. A series of things or 
persons following one another. Bacon. A lineage ; 
an order of descendants. Sluxkspeare. The power 
or right of coming to the inheritance of ancestors. 
Dryden. 
SUCCESSIVE $, suk-seV-s?v. 158. a. [successif, Fr.] 
Following in order ; continuing a course or conse- 
cution uninterrupted. Daniel. Inherited by suc- 
cession. 
SUCCESSr^ELY, s&k-ses'-siv-le. ad. [successive- 
ment, Fr.] In uninterrupted order ; one after an- 
other. Spenser. 
SUCCESSIVENESS, suk-ses'-s?v-nes. n.s. The 

stale of being successive. Hale. 
SUCCESSLESS, s&k-ses'-les. a. Unlucky; unfor- 
tunate ; failing of the event desired. Heylin. 
SUCCESSLESSNESS*, suk-ses'-l§s-nes. n. s. 
Not prosperous conclusion; unsuccessfulness. Boyle. 
SUCCESSOR, suk'-seVsur, or suk-ses'-ur. 503. n. s. 
[successeur, Fr. ; successor, Lat.] One that follows 
in the place or character of another : correlative to 
predecessor. Sidney. 
J£p This word is not unfrequently pronounced with the 
accent on the second syllable, as if it were formed from 
success ; but this accentuation, though agreeable to its 
Latin original, has, as in confessor, yielded to the pre- 
vailing power of the English antepenultimate accent. 
Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, and Entick, 
aceont this word on the first syllable; and Dr. Ash, 
Dr. Kenrick, VV. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and 
Bailey, on the second , Barclay and Penning give both, 
but prefer the first: Mr. Scott gives both, and prefers 
the second: but, from the opinion that is foolishly gone 
forth, that yve ought to accent words as near the begin- 
ning as possible, there is little doubt that the antepenul- 
timate accent will prevail. W. 
SUCCFNCTS, suk-smgkt'. 408. a. [Fr.; succinctus, 
Lat.] Tucked or girded up ; having the clothes 
drawn up to disengage the legs. Muton. Short ; 
concise ; brief. B. Jonson. 
SUCCI'NCTLY, suk-s'mgkt'-le. ad. Briefly ; con- 
cisely; without superfluity of diction. Boyle. 
SUCCINCTNESS, suK-slngkt'-nes. n. s. Brevity ; 

conciseness. South. 
SU'CCORY, s&k'-k&r-e. 557. [See Domestick.] 

n, s. [cichorium, Lat.] A plant. Miller. 
To SUCCOUR §, sak'-kQr. 314. v. a. [secourir, Fr. ; 
succurro, Lat.] To help ; to assist in difficulty or 
distress; to relieve. Spenser. 
SU'CCOUR, sfik'-k&r. n. s. [secours, Fr.] Aid ; as- 
sistance ; relief of any kind ; help in distress. 
Sliak. The person or things that bring help. 
Wisd. xvii. 
SU'CCOURER, sak'-kar-5r. 98. n.s. Helper; assist- 
ant ; reliever. Romo.ns, xvi. 
SU'CCOURLESS, s&k'-kur-les. a. Wanting relief; 

void of friends or help. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SU'CCUBA*, s&k'-ku-ba. ) n. s. [sub and cubo, 
SU'CCUBUS*, sfik'-ku-bus. \ Lat.] A pretended 

kind of demon. Mirror for Magistrates. 
SU'CCULENCE, stuV-ku-lense. ) , . . 

SU'CCULENCY, sfik'-ku-len-se. \ n ' s - Juiciness - 
SU'CCULENT§, suk'-ku-lent. a. [Fr.; succulentus, 

Lat.] Juicy ; moist. Bacon. 
To SUCCU'MB, sfik-kumb'. v. n. [succumbo, Lat. ; 
succomber, Fr.] To yield ; to sink under any diffi- 
culty. Warburton. > 
SUCCUSSA'TION, sak-kfis-sa'-shun. n. s. [succus- 

satio, low Lat.] A trot. Brown. 
SUCCESSION, sak-k&sh'-fin. n.s. [succussio, Lat.] 
The act of shaking. [In physick.] Such a shak- 
ing of the nervous parts as is procured by strong 
stimuli, like sternutatories, friction, and the like, 
which are commonly used in apoplectick affections. 
Arbutlmot. 
SUCH §, sutsh. a. [swaleik, Goth. i. e. swa, so, and 
leik, like; sulck, solk, Teut. i.e. so-lick; fpilc, 
Sax.] Of that kind ; of the like kind. Gen. xli. 



The same that. Knolles. Comprehended under 
the term premised, like what has been said. Mil- 
ton. A manner of expressing a particular person 
or thing. Sliakspeare. 
To SUCK§, sfik. v. a. [j-ucan, Sax.; sugo, suctum. 
Lat. ; succer, Fr.] To draw by making a rare- 
faction of the air. To draw hi with the mouth. 
Ezek. xxiii. To draw the teat of a female. Sid- 
ney. To draw with the milk. Shak. To empty 
by sucking. Dryden. To draw or drain. Burnet. 
To SUCK, suk. v. n. To draw by rarefying the air. 
Mortimer. To draw the breast. Ray. To draw ; 
to imbibe. Bacon. 
SUCK, suk. n. s. The act of sucking. Boyle. Milk 
given by females. Spenser, [succus, Lat.] Juice. 
Ward. 
SUCKER, sfik'-kQr. 98. n. s. [suceur, Fr.] Any thing 
that draws. The embolus of a pump. Boyle. A 
round piece of leather, laid wet on a stone, and 
drawn up in the middle, rarefies the air with- 
in, which, pressing upon its edges, holds it down to 
the stone. Greiv. A pipe through which any thing 
is sucked. Philips. A young twig shooting from 
the stock : this word was perhaps originally surcle. 
[suradus Lat.] Bacon. 
SOCKET, suk'-klt. 99. n. s. A sweetmeat, to be 

dissolved in the mouth. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SU'CKINGBOTTLE, s&k'-king-bot-tl. n. s. [suck 
and bottle.'] A bottle which to children supplies the 
want of a pap. Locke. 
To SU'CKLE, sfik'-kl. 405. v. a. To nurse at the 

breast. Sliakspeare. 
SU'CKLE*, sfik'-kl. n. s. A teat ; a dug. Sir T. 

Herbert. 
SU'CKLING, sfik'-ling. 410. n. s. A young creature 

vet fed by the pap. Dryden. 
SUCTION, sfik'-sh&n. n. s. [sucvion, Fr.] The act 

of sucking. Bacon. 
SU'DARY*, su'-dar-e. n. s. [sudarium, Lat.] A nap 

kin or handkerchief. Wicliffe. 
SUDA'TION §, su-da'-shfin. n.s. [sudo, Lat.] Sweat. 
SUDATORY, su'-da-tfir-e. 512,557. n.s. [sudo, 
Lat.] Hot-house ; sweating-bath. Sir T. Herbert. 
SU'DDEN §, sfid'-clln. 103. a. [sorfdain, Fr.; r oben, 
Sax.] Happening without previous notice ; coming 
without the common preparatives; coming unex- 
pectedly. Shak. Hasty ; violent ; rash ; passion- 
ate ; precipitate. Shakspeare. 
SU'DDEN, s&d'-din. n. s. Any unexpected occur- 
rence ; surprise. Wotton. — On or of a sudden, or 
upon a sudden. Sooner than was expected : with- 
out the natural or commonly accustomed prepara- 
tives. Shakspeare. 
SU'DDENLY, sfid'-dfn-le. ad. In an unexpected 
maimer; without preparation ; hastily. Shakspeare. 
Without premeditation. Shakspeare. 
SU'DDEN NESS, sud'-din-nes. n. s. State of being 
sudden ; unexpected presence ; manner of coming 
or happening unexpectedly. Spenser. 
SUDORI'FICK$,su-d6-rif-f?k.a. [sudorifque, Fr.; 
sudor and facio, Lat.] Provoking or causing sweat. 
Bacon. 
SUDORI'FICK, sti-do-rlf -f?k. 509. n. s. A medicine 

promoting sweat. ArbuUinot. 
SU'DOROUS, su'-dd-rfis. 314. a. [sudor, Lat.] Con- 
sisting of sweat. Brown. 
SUDS, sudz. n.s. [robben, Sax.] A lixivium of soap 
and water. — To be in the suds. A familiar phrase 
for being in any difficulty. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To SUES, su. v. a. [suiver, Fr.] To prosecute by 
law. St. Matt. v. To' gain by legal procedure. 
Shak. To follow; to ensue. Lib. Fest. [In fal- 
conry.] To clean the beak, as a hawk. 
To SUE, su. 335. v. n. To beg; to entreat; to pe- 
tition. Spenser. 
To SUE, su. v. a. To obtain by entreaty. Calamy. 
SUET §, siV-h. 99. n. s. [old Fr.] A hard fat ; particu- 
larly that about the kidneys. Wiseman. 
SU'ETY, su'-lt-e. a. Consisting of suet; resembling 

suet. Sharp. 
To SUFFERS, suf-ffir. 98. v. a. [souffrir, Fr. ; suf- 
fero, Lat.] To bear; to undergo; to ieel with sense 
894 



SUF 



SUI 



-ni>, move, ndr, nftt ;— tube, tab, bfill ; — Ml ;— pd&nd ;— thin, this. 



of pain. Proverbs, xix. To endure ; to support ; not 
to sink under. Milton, To allow ; to permit ; not 
to hinder. Shed: To pass through 5 to be affected 
by ; to be acted upon. Milton. 

To SU'FFER, sGf-frir. r. n. To undergo pain or 
inconvenience. Milton. To undergo punishment. ! 
Clarendon. To be injured. Temple. 

SU'FFERABLE, saf-Vur-a-bl. a. [suff'rable, old Fr.] 
Tolerable; such as may be endured. Chapman. 

SUFFERABLENE8S*, soP -mr-a-bl-nSs. n. s. Tol- 
erableness. Scott. 

SUTFERABLY, saP-fnr-a-ble. ad. Tolerably ; so 
as 10 be endured. Addison. 

SI ' ITERANCE, s&P-far-anse. n. s. [souffrance, Fr.] 
Pain; inconvenience; misery. Shale. Patience; 
moderation. Spenser. Toleration ; permission ; not 
hinderance. Spenser. 

SU FFERER, saP-fur-fir. n. s. One who endures or 
undergoes pain or inconvenience. Milton. One 
who allows; one who permits. 

SUFFERING, saP-ftr-tog. 410. n. s. Pain suffer- 
ed. Col. i. 

SU'FFERINGLY*, suP-fur-mg-le. ad. With pain. 
Cabal istical Dialogue. 

To SUFFICE §, s&frlze'. 351. v. n. [sufjire, Fr. ; suf- 
f.cio, Lat.] To be enough ; to be sufficient ; to be 
equal to the end or purpose. Sliakspeare. 

To SUFFI'CE, sftf-flze'. 351. v.a. To afford; to 
supply. Bacon. To satisfy ; to be equal to want or 
demand. Ezekiel. 

SUFFICIENCY, sflf-flsh'-en-se. n.s. [suffisance, 
Fr.] State of being adequate to the end proposed. 
Shak. Qualification for any purpose. Spenser. 
Competence; enough. Thomson. Supply equal to 
want. Watts. That conceit which makes a man 
think himself equal to things above him ; and is 
commonly compounded with self. Temple. 

SUFFICIENT, sfif-f?sh'-ent. 357. a. [siiffisant, Fr. T 
siifficiens, Lat.] Equal to any end or purpose ; 
euough ; competent ; not deficient. St. Matthew, vi. 
Qualified for any thing by fortune or otherwise. 
Sliakspeare. 

SUFFICIENTLY, s&f-f?sh'-ent-le. ad. To a suffi- 
cient degree ; ertpugh. Hooker. 

S U'FFISANCE, s8P-fe-zanse. n. s. [Fr.] Excess ; 
plenty. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To SUFFLA'MINATE* suf-flam'-e-nate. v. a. 
[stifflumino, Lat.] To stop ; to stay ; to impede. Bar- 
row. 

To SUFFLA'TE$*, suf-flale'. v.a. [suffio, Lat.] To 
blow up. Bailey. Ob. T. 

SUFFLA'TION. suf-fla'-shfin. n.s: [suffiatio. Lat.] 
The act of blowing up. Coles. 

To SUFFOCATE^. s6P-fo-kate. v. a. [sufoquer, 
Fr. ; suffoco, Lat.] To choke by exclusion or inter- 
ception of air. Shakspeare. 

SU'FFOCATE*, sfif'-fo-kate. part. a. Choked. 
StioJcspeare. 

SUFFOCATION, siV-fo-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The 
act of choking ; the state of being choked. Ba- 
con. 

SUFFOCATIVE, s&P-fo-ka-tlv. 512. a. Having the 
power to choke. Arbuthnot. 

SUFFO'SSION*, suf-fdsh'-un. n. s. [sufjossio, Lat.] 
The act of digging under. Bp. Hall. 

SUFFRAGAN^, sfiP-fra-gun. 88. n.s. [sufragant, 
Fr. ; suffraganeus, Lat.] A bishop, considered as 
subject to his metropolitan. Heylin. An assistant 
bishop : this is the more proper sense of the word. 
By an act, (26 Hen. VIII.) suffragans were to be 
denominated from some principal place in the dio- 
cess of the prelate, whom they were to assist. Bp. j 
Barlow. | 

SU'FFRAGANT^snP-fra-gant.a. [mffragans, Lat.] j 
Assisting; concurring with. Bp. Hall. 

SU'FFRAGANT*, s&P-fra-gant. n.s. An assistant; 

a favourer; one who concurs with. Bp. Taylor. 
To SU'FFR AGATE, s6P-fra-gate, 90. w.*i [suffra- 
gor, Lat.] To vole with ; to agree in voice with. Hale. 

SUTFRAGATOR* suP-fra-ga-tur. n.s. [suffraga- 
tor, Lat.] A favourer; one that helps with his vote. 
Bp. of Chester. 



SUFFRAGE, suP-frldje. 90. n. s. [Fr. ; suffragium, 
Lat.J Vote ; voice given in a controverted point. 
B. Jonson. United voice of persons in publick 
prayer. Pref. to the Vers, of the Psalms. Aid ; as- 
sistance : a lalinism. Dorrington. 
SUFFRA'GINOUS, saf-frad' ; jin-us. a. [suffrage 
Lat. I Belonging to the knee-joint of beasts. Brown. 
SUFFUMIGA'TION §, saf-fu-me-ga'-shfin. n. s 
[Fr. ; suftjtmigo, Lat.] Operation of fumes raised 
by fire. Bacon. 
SUFFU MIGE, snf-ftV-mldje. n. s. [suffumigo, Lat.] 

A medical fume. Hartley. Not used. 
To SUFFU'SE §, saf-foze'. v. a. [sujysus, Lat.] To 
spread over with something expansible, as with a 
vapour or a tincture. Spenser. 
SUFFUSION, sftf-fiV-zhun. n. s. [Fr.] The act ot 
overspreading with any thing. That which is suf 
fused or spread. Milton. 
SUG, sug. n. s. [sugo, Lat.] A small kind of worm 

Walton. 
SU'GAR §, shug'-ar. 175, 454. n. s. [sucre, Fr. ; sac 
car, Arabick.] The native salt of the sugar-cane, 
obtained by the expression and evaporation of its 
juice. Quincy. Any thing proverbially sweet 
Sfiak. A chvmical dry crystallization. Boyle. 
To SU'GAR, shug'-ar. v. a. To impregnate' or sea- 
son with sugar. Crashaw. To sweeten. Shak. 
SUGARCA'NDY. shug'-fir-kan'-de. n. s. Sugar can- 
died, or crystallized. Shakspeare. 
SU'GAR Y, shug'-ur-e. a. Sweet ; tasting of sugar, 
Spenser. Fond of sugar or sweet things. Hist. R. S. i 
SUGE'SCENT*, su-W-sent. a. [sugeo,hzt.) Relat- 
ing to sucking. Patey. 
ToSUGGE'STS, sdg-j£st'. v.a. [suggero, sugges- 
tum, Lat.] To hint ; to intimate ; to insinuate good 
or ill ; to tell privately. Shak. To seduce ; to draw 
to ill by insinuation. Shak. To inform secretly, 
Shakspeare. 
$Cr Though the first g in exaggerate is, by a carelessness 
of pronunciation, assimilated to the last, this is not al- 
ways the cu*e in the present word. For, though we 
sometimes hear it sounded as if written sud-jest, the 
most correct speakers generally preserve the first and 
last g in their distinct and separate sounds. Mr. Sher- 
idan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Nares, pronounce the g in both 
syllables soft, as if written sud-jest. Dr. Kemick, Mr. 
Perry, and Barclay, make the first g hard, and the sec- 
ond soft, as if written sug-jest, as 1 have done: for, as 
the accent is not on these consonants, there is not the 
same apology for pronouncing the first soft as there is 
ir. exaggerate ; which see. W. 
SUGGE STER, sug-jes'-tfir. n. s. One that remind- 

eth another. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
SUGGE'STION, sfig-jes'-tshan. n.s. [Fr.] Private 
hint ; intimation ; insinuation ; secret notification. 
Hooker. Secret incitement. Shakspeare. 
To SU'GGIL*, s&g'-jll. v. a. [suggillo, Lat.] To de- 
fame. Abp. Parker. 
To SU'GGILATES, sfig'-je-late. v. a. [suggillo. 
Lat.] To beat black and blue ; to make livid by a 
bruise. Wiseman. 
SUGGILLA'TION*, sug-je-la'-shun. n. s. A black 

and blue mark ; a blow ; a bruise. 
SUICIDE, siV-e-slde. 143. n. s. [suicidium, Lat.] 
Self-murder ; the horrid erime of destroying one's 
self. Savage. A self-murderer. Young. 
SUTLLAGE, su'-ll-lldje. n. s. [souillage, Fr.] Drair 

of filth. Wotton. Ob. J. 
SUING, su'-ing. n. s. [sue*; Fr.] The act of soaking 

through any thing. Bacon. 
SUIT §, sute. 342. n. s. [suite, Fr.] A set; a number 
of things correspondent' one to the other. Drayton. 
Clothes made one part to answer another. Shak 
Consecution; series; regular order. Bacon. — Out 
of suits. Having no correspondence. Shak. — [suite, 
Fr.] Retinue ; company. Sidney, [from to S7ie.~] 
A petition; an address of entreaty. Sluik. Court- 
ship. Shak. Pursuit ; prosecution. Abp. Cranmer. 
[In law.] Suit is sometimes put for the instance of 
a cause, and sometimes for the cause itself deduced 
in judgement. AyliJ'e. [suit, old Fr.] Suit of court j 
suit-service ; attendance of tenants at the court of 
their lord, Cowel. 






SUL 














SUN 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate, far 


fall, 


fat;- 


— mi, 


met;- 


— pine 


pin;— 



SUIT Covenant, n. s. Is where the ancestor of one 
man covenanted with the ancestor of another to sue 
at his court. Bailey. 
SUIT Court, n. s. The court in which tenants owe 

attendance to their lord. Bailey. 
SUIT Service, n. s. Attendance which tenants owe 

to the court of their lord. Bailey. 
To SUIT, site. v. a. To fit 5 to adapt to something 
else. Sliak. To be fitted to ; to become. Dryden. 
To dress ; to clothe. Sliakspeare. 
To SUIT, sute. v. n. To agree ; to accord. Mi/ton. 

SUITABLE, su'-td-bl. 405. a. Fitting ; according 
with ; agreeable to. Sidney. 

SUITABLENESS, su'-ta-bl-n3s. n. s. Fitness; 
agreeableness. Gtanxitte. 

SUITABLY, su'-ta-ble. ad. Agreeably ; according 
to. South. 

SUITE t, swete. n. s. [Fr.] Consecution, series, regu- 
lar order ; retinue ; company. 

SUITER, ? ., . iV > 98, 166. n. s. One that sues ; 

SUITOR, £ su * lur ' ] a petitioner; a supplicant. 
Hooker. A wooer; one who courts a mistress. 
Sliakspeare. 

SUITRESS, su'-tres. n.s. A female supplicant. 
Rowe. 

SU'LCATED, sul'-ka-ted. a. [sulcus, Lat.] Fur- 
rowed. Woodward. 

To SULK}*, sulk. v. n. [rolcen, Sax.] To be slug- 
gishly discontented ; to be silently sullen ; to be mo- 
rose or obstinate. 

SULKILY*, sul'-ke-le. ad. In the sulks; morosely. 
Iron Chest. 

SULKINESS*, snl'-ke-n§s. n. s. [rolcener-fe, Sax.] 
State of silent sullenness; moroseuess ; gloominess. 
Gray. 

SULKY*, s&l'-ke. a. [ r olcen, Sax.] Sluggishly 
discontented ; silently sullen; morose. HasLam. 

SULL, sfil n. s. [j*ulh, Sax. ; suoh, Icel.] A plough. 
Ainsworth. 

SULLEN §, s&l' lln. 99. a. [solus, Lat.] Solitary. 
Gower. Gloomily angry; sluggishly discontented. 
Cluiucer. Mischievous; malignant. Dryden. In- 
tractable ; obstinate. Tillotson. Gloomy ; dark ; 
cloudy; dismal. Shak. Heavy; dull; sorrowful. 
Sliakspeare. 

To SULLEN*, sul'-lln. v. a. To make sullen. Fel- 
tliam. 

SULLENLY, suF-lIn-le. ad. Gloomily; malignant- 
ly; intractably. More. 

SULLENNESS, s&K-lhvnes. n. s. Gloominess ; mo- 
roseuess; sluggish anger; malignity; intractability. 
Sidney. 

SULLENS, s&l'-tfnz. n. s. [without a singular.] Mo- 
rose temper ; gloominess of mind : a burlesque 
word. Shakspeare. 

SULLIAGE, sui;-!e-adje. n.s. [souillage, Fr.] Pol- 
lution ; filth ; stain of dirt ; foulness. Government of 
the Tongue. Ob. J. 

T0 SULLY §, s&l'-le. v. a. [souiller, Fr.] To soil; 
to tarnish ; to dirt ; to spot. Bacon. 

SU'LLY, sul'-le. n.s. Soil ; tarnish ; spot. Sliak. 

S U'LPHUR, s&l'-fdr. n. s. [Lat.] Brimstone. Mil- 
ton. 

SULPHURATE*, sul'-fiWat. a. [sulphuratus, Lat.J 
Of or belonging to sulphur ; of the colour of sulphur. 
More. 

SULPHURATION*, sfil-fu-ra'-shun. n.s. [sulphu- 
raiio, Lat.] Act of dressing or anointing with 
sulphur. Bentley. 

SULPHUREOUS §, sul-fiV-re-us. ; a. [sulphureus, 

SULPHUROUS $, s&lMur-fis. 314. $ Lat.] Made 
of brimstone; having the qualities of brimstone; 
containing sulphur ; impregnated with sulphur. 
Sliakspeare. 

SULPHU'REOUSLY*, sul-fiV-re-us-le. ad. In a 
sulphureous manner. Sir T. Herbert. 

SULPHU'REOUSNESS, sul-fiV-re-us-nes. n. s. 
The state of being sulphureous. 

SU'LPHURWORT, s&l'-fur-wfirt. n. s. The same 
with hogsfennel. 

SULPHURY, s&l'-f&r-e, a, Partaking of sulphur. 
Drayton. 



SULTAN §, sul'-tan. 88. n. s. [a Tartarian word.] 
The Turkish emperour. Sliakspeare 

SULTA'NA, sul-ta'-nti. [See Lumbago.1 ? 

SULTANESS, sfil'-ta-nes. J "' s ' 

The queen of an Eastern emperour. Cleaveland. 

SULTANRY, sul -tan-re. n. s. An Eastern empire. 
Bacon. 

SULTRINESS, sfil'-tre-nes. n. s. The state of be- 
ing sultry ; close and cloudy heat. 

SULTRY $, sfil'-tre. a. [rpeltan, Sax.] Hot with- 
out ventilation ; hot and close ; hot and cloudy. 
Sliakspeare. 

SUM §, sum. n. s. [summa, Lat. j somme, Fr.] The 
whole of any thing ; many particulars aggregated 
to a total. Hooker. Quantity of money. Sliak. 
[somme, Fr.] Compendium ; abridgement ; the 
whole abstracted. Hooker. The amount ; the re- 
sult of reasoning or computation. Tillotson. Height ; 
completion. Milton. 

To SUM, sum. v. a. [sommer, Fr.] To compute; to 
collect particulars into a total ; to cast up. Shak. 
To comprise ; to comprehend ; to collect into a nar- 
row compass. Milton. [In falconry.] To have 
feathers full grown. Milion. 

SUMACH-TREE, sh66'-mak-tre. n.s. [sumach, Fr.] 
A plant. Miller. 

SU'MLESS, sum'-les. a. Not to be computed. Shak. 

SUMMARILY, sfim'-ma-re-le. ad. Briefly; the 
shortest way. Hooker. 

SU'MMARY, siW-ma-re. a. [sommaire, Fr.] Short; 
brief; compendious. Swift. 

SUMMARY, sfim'-ma-re. n. s. Compendium; ab- 
stract ; abridgement. Sliakspeare. 

SUMMER*, sum'-mur. 98. n.s. One who casts up 
an account ; a reckoner. Sherwood. 

SU'MMERS, sam'-mflr. n.s. [pimep, Sax. ; somer, 
Dutch.] The season in which the sun arrives at the 
hither solstice. Shak. [trabs summaria.] The prin- 
cipal beam of a floor. Wotton. 

To SU'MMER, sdm'-mur. v. n. To pass the sum- 
mer. Isaiah, xviii. 

To SU'MMER, sum'-mur. v. a. To keep warm. 
Sliakspeare. 

SU'MMERHOUSE, sum'-mur-h^use. n.s. An apart- 
ment in a garden used in the summer. Watts. 

SU'MMERSAULT, ) » , * ,. < n. s. See 

SU'MMERSET, 'j ^fim'-mur-set. ^ Somerset 

A high leap in which the heels are thrown over 
the head. Hudibras. 

SU'MMIST*, sum'-mfst. n. s. [from sum.] One who 
forms an abridgement. Dering. 

SU'MMIT, sum'-mlt. n. s. [summitas, Lat.] The top; 
the utmost height. Sliakspeare. 

SU'MMITY*, sum'-me-te. n. 5. [summitas, Lat.] The 
height or top of any thing. Swift. The utmost de- 
gree; perfection. Hallywell. 

ToSU'MMON?, siW-mun. 166. v. a. [summoiico, 
Lat.] To call with authority ; to admonish to ap- 
pear; to cite. Shak. To excite; to call up; to 
raise. Shakspeare. 

SU'MMONER, sum'-mfin-ur. 98. n.s. One who cites; 
one who summons. Shakspeare. 

SU'MMONS, sum'-m&nz. n.s. A call of authority; 
admonition to appear ; citation. Shakspeare. 

SU'MPTER, sum'-t&r. 412. n. s. [sommier, Fr. ; so- 
maro, Ital.] A horse that carries the clothes or fur 
niture. Sliakspeare. 

SU'MPTION, sum'-shun. n.s. [sumptus, Lat.] The 
act of taking. Bp. Taijlor. Ob. J. 

SUMPTUARY, sum'-tshu-a-re. 292. a. [sumptuari- 
us, Lat.] Relating to expense; regulating the cost 
of life. Bacon. 

SUMPTUO'SITY, sum-tshu-6s'-*-te. n. s. Expen- 
siveness ; costliness. Raleigh. Ob. J. 

SU'MPTUOUS$, sunV-tshu-Ss. 292. [See Pre- 
sumptuous.] a. [sumptuosus, from sumptus, Lat.] 
Costly; expensive; splendid. Hooker. 

SU'MPTUOUSLY, sum'-tshu-fls-le. ad. Expensive 
ly; with great cost. Bacon. Splendidly. Swift. 

SU'MPTUOUSNESS, sum'-tshu-us-nes. n. s. Ex. 
pensiveness; costliness. Boyle. 

SUN $, son. n, s. [stmno, Goth. ; yunna, runno. Sax ] 



SUP 



SUP 



— no, move, ndr, nAt ;— ■ tAbe, tAb, bfill ;— 6fl ;— pflflnd ;— thin, THis. 



8idn 



sunny place ; a place eminently warmed by the 
sun. Milton. Any thin 



eminently splendid. K. 
rid: a 



In the worl 



prover- 



The luminary that makes the day 

m 

Charles. — Under the sun 
bial expression. Eccl. .. 
7 T t>SUN,sun. r. a. To insolate; to' expose to the 

sun ; to warm in the sun. Spenser. 
SU'NBEAM, sfin'-beme. n. s. [punnebeam, Sax.] 

Ray of the sun. Shakspeare. 
SU'NBEAT, sftn'-bete. part. a. Shone on fiercely by 

the sun. Sandys. 
SI XBRIGHT, s5n'-brlte. a. Resembling 

brightness. Spenser. 
SUNBURNING, sftn'-bftrn-Ing. it. s. The effect of 

the sun upon the face. Sluikspedre. 
SUNBURNT, stV-bfirnt. part. a. [sun and burnt.'] 
Tanned ; discoloured by the sun. Cleaveland. 
Scorched by the sun. Blackmore. 
SUNCLAD, sun'-klad. part. a. Clothed in radiance; 

bright. Milton. 
SUNDAY, s&n'-de. 223. n. s. [punnan-ba^, Sax.] 
The day anciently dedicated to the sun; the first 
day of the week; the Christian sabbath. Shale. 
To SUNDERS, sfin'-dftr. v. a. [punbpian, Sax.] 

To part ; to separate ; to divide. Sliakspeare. 
SUNDER, sun'-dur. n. s. [punbep, Sax.] Two ; 

two parts. Psalms. 
SUNDEW, sfln'-du. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. 
SUNDIAL, s&n'-dl-al. n. s. [sun and dial.] A mark- 
ed plate on which the shadow points the hour. 
Donne. 
SUNDRIED* sfin'-drlde. part. a. Dried by the 

heat of the sun. Sir T. Herbert.. 
SUNDRY, s&n'-dre. a. [punbep, Sax. ; sundr, 

Goth.] Several j more than one. Hooker. 
SUNFLOWER, san'-fldfl-fir. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
SUNFLOWER, Little, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
SUNG, sung. The preterit and participle of sing. 

Pope. 
SUNK, s&ngk. 408. The preterit and part. pass, of 

sink. Bacon. 
SUNLESS, san'-les. a. Wanting sun ; wanting 

warmth. Thomson. 
SUNLIGHT*, sfin'-llte. n. s. The light of the sun. 

Milton. 
SUNLIKE, sQn'-llke. a. Resembling the sun. Mir- 
ror/or Magistrates. 
SUNNY, son'-ne. a. Resembling the sun ; bright. 
Spenser. Exposed to the sun ; bright with the sun. 
Milton. Coloured by the sun. Sliakspeare. 
SUNPROOF*, s&n-procf. a. Impervious to sun- 
light. Peek. 
SUNRISE, sfin'-rlze. ) n. s. Morning; 

SUNRISING, san'-rlz-Jng. 410. > the appearance 

of the sun. Sliak. East. Raleigh. 
SUNSET, s&n'-set. n. s. Close of the day; evening. 

Shakspeare. West. 
SUNSHINE, s&n'-shine. n. s. [pun-pcin, Sax.] Ac- 
tion of the sun; place where the heat and lustre of 
the sun are powerful. Shakspeare. 
SUNSHINE, sun'-shlne. ) a. Bright with the sun. 
SUNSHINY, sfin'-shl-ne. $ Boyle. Bright like 

the sun. Spenser. 
To SUP, sup. ii. a. [super, Norm. Fr.; rupan, Sax.; 
soepen, Dutch.] To drink by mouthtuls ; to drink 
by little at a time ; to sip. Spenser. 
To SUP §, s&p. v. n. [souper, Fr.] To eat the eve- 
ning meal. Shakspeare. 
To SUP, sap. v. a. To treat with supper. Shakspeare. 
SUP, sap. n. s. A small draught; a mouthful of li- 
quor. Drayton. 
SU'PER, su'-per, in composition, notes either 
more than another, or more than enough, or on 
the top. 
SUTERABLES, si'-per-a-bl. 405. a. [superabilis, 
Lat.] Conquerable; such as may be overcome. 
Jolmson. 

§3?= There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, aris- 
ing from want of attention to the influence of accent on 
the sounds of the letters, which makes the first syllable 



but in nil thoso which commenco with the inseparable 
proposition super. ^ That this is contrary to tho most 
established rules cf orthoepy, may bo seen in Princi- 
ples, No. 454 and 462; and that it is contrary to Mr. 
Sheridan himself, may be seen, by hi3 giving the s, in 
the words insuperable, insupcrableness, insuperably, 
and insuperability, its simple sound only. — See Insu- 
perable. W. 
SU / PERABLENESS,sA'-pe ! r-a-bl-ne ! s. n.s. Quality 

of being conquerable. 
SU PERABLY*, su'-per-u-ble. ad. So as may bo 

overcome. 
To SUPERABOUND, sA-peY-a-boAnd'. v. n. To 
be exuberant ; to be stored with more than enough. 
J I won. 
SUPERABUNDANCE, sA-per-a-bAn'-danse. n. s. 

More than enough ; great quantity. Woodward. 
SUPERABUNDANT, sA-pSr-a-bfin'-dant. a. Be- 

ing more than enough. Swift. 
SUPERABUNDANTLY, sA-pSr-a-bfin'-dant-le. 

ad. More than sufficiently. Clieyne. 
To SUPERADD, su-per-ad 7 . y. a. [superaddo, Lat.] 
To add over and above ; to join any thing extrin- 
sick. L' 'Estrange. 
SUPERADDPTION, sAfc&r-ad-dish'-fin. n. s. The 
act of adding to something else. More. That which 
is added. Hammond. 
SUPERADVENIENT, su-peY-ad-ve^-ne-ent. a. [su- 
peradveniens , Lat.] Coming to the increase or as- 
sistance of something. More. Coming unexpect- 
edly. 
To SUPERANNUATE §, sA-per-an'-nA-ate. v. a. 
[super and annus, Lat.] To impair or disqualify by 
age or length of life. Brown. 
To SUPERANNUATE, sA-peY-an'-nA-ate. v.n. 

To last beyond the vear. Bacon. Ob. J. 
SUPERANNUATION, su-peY-an-nA-a/-shAn. n. s. 
The state of being disqualified by years. Pownall. 
SUPE'RB§, su-peiV. a. [superbe, Fr. ; superbus, 
Lat.] Grand; pompous; lofty; august; stately; 
magnificent. Prior. 
SUPE'RB-LILY. su-perb'-lil-le. n. s. A flower. 
SUPE'RBLY, sA-perb'-le. ad. In a superb manner. 

Warim. 
SUPERCA'RGO, sA-peY-kar'-gd. n.s. [super, and 
cargo.] An officer in the ship whose business is to 
manage the trade. Pope. 
SUPEltCELE'STIAL^A-peY-se-leV-tshal . a. [super, 
and celestial.] Placed above the firmament. Ra~ 
leigh. 
SUPERCHE'RY, sA-peY-tsheY'-re. n. s. [an old 

word of French original.] Deceit; cheating. 
SUPERCILIOUS $, su-per-slF-yas. a. [supercili- 
um, Lat.] Haughty; dogmatical; dictatorial; ar- 
bitrary, despotic!; ; overbearing. South. 
SUPERCPLIOUSL Y, sA-peY-sil'-yfis-le. ad. Haugh- 
tily ; dogmatically ; contemptuously. Clarendon. 
SUPERCILIOUSNESS, sA-peY-siF-yQs-neY. 113. 

n.s. Haughtiness; contemptuousness. South. 
SUPERCONCE'PTION, s^peY-kAn-sep'-shAn. n.s. 
A conception admitted after another conception. 
Brown. 
SUPERCONSEQUENCE, sA-peY-k6n'-se-kweYse. 

n.s. Remote consequence. Brown. 
SUPERCRE'SCENCE, sA-per-kreV-sense. n.s. [su- 
per and cresco, Lat.] That which grows upon an- 
other growing thing. Brown. 
SUPERE / MINENCE,siVper-e ! m / -me-ne ! nse. ) B 
SUPERE'MINENCY, sA-peY-em'-me-neY-se. \ s ' 
[super and emineo, Lat.J Uncommon degree of 
eminence ; eminence above others though eminent. 
Ayliffe. 
SUPERE'MINENT ^sA-peY-eW-me-neYt. a. [super . 
and eminent.] Eminent in a high degree. Hooker. 
SUPEREMINENTLY, su-per-eW-me-neYt-le. aa 

In the most eminent manner. 
SUPERE'ROGANT* sA-peY-er'-rA-gant. a. The 

same as supererogatory. Stackhouse. 
To SUPERE'ROGATE §, sA-peY-eV-rA-gate. 91. 
v. n. [super and erogatio, Lat.J To do more than 
duty requires. Cleaveland. 



of this word sound like 'the noun shoe. Thi3 pronun- I SUPEREROGATION, sA-peY-eY-rA-ga'-shAn. n. s 
ciation Mr. Sheridan has adopted, not only in this word, I Performance of more than duty requires. Tilbison, 
113 897 



SUP 



SUP 



[J3= 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ; — pine, pin ;- 



SUPERE ROGATIVE*, su-pgr-eV-ri-ga-uV. a. 
Supererogatory. Stafford. 

SUPEREROGATORY, su-peY-eV-r6-ga-t&r-e. 
512. a. Performed beyond the strict demands of 
duty. Howell. 

SUPERESSE'NTIAL*, si per-Cs-sen'-shal. a. A- 
bove the constitution or existence of a thing'. Ellis. 

To SUPEREXART §*, su-per-egz-alt'. v. a. To 
exalt above the ordinary rate. Barrow. 

SUPEREX A LTA'TION, su-per-egz-al-ta'-shun. 
n. s. Elevation above the common rale. Holyday. 

SUPERE'XCCLLENT, su-per-ek'-sel-lSnt. a. Ex- 
cellent beyond common degrees of excellence. De- 
carj of Chr. Pieti/. 

SUPEREXCRE'SCENCE, su-per-Sks-kreV-sense. 
n. s. Something superfluously growing. Wiseman. 

ToSUPERFE'TATES, siVper-fe'-tate. v. n. [su- 
per and foetus, Lat.] To conceive after concep- 
tion. Grew. 

SUPERFERVTION, su-per-fe-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] 
One conception following another, so that both are 
in the womb together, but come not to their full 
time for delivery together. Bacon. 

To SU PERFETE*, su'-per-fete. v.n. To superfe- 
tate. Howell. 

ToSURERFETE*, su'-per-fete. v. a. To conceive 
upon a conception. Howell. 

SURERFICE, siV-per-fk 142. n. s. [superfcie,Fr. ; 
superficies. Lat.] Outside; surface. Dry den. 

SUPERFICIAL §, su-per-flsh'-al. a. [superfciel, Fr.; 
from superficies, Lat.] Lying on the surface ; not 
reaching below the surface. Bacon. Shallow; con- 
trived to cover something. Sha/c. Shallow; not 
profound; smattering; not learned. Dry den. 

SUPERFICIARITY,*u-per-f?sh-e-al / -e-te.7?.s.The 
quality of being superficial. Brown. 

SUPERFICIALLY, su-per-flsh'-al-e. ad. On the 
surface ; not below the surface. Without penetra- 
tion ; without close heed. Bacon. Without going 
deep ; without searching to the bottom of things. 
Shakspeare. 

SUPERFFCIALNESS, su-per-flsh'-al-nes. n. s. 
Shallowness; position on the surface. Slight 
knowledge ; false appearance ; show without sub- 
stance. 

SUPERFTCIES, su-per-fish'-ez. 505. n.s. [Lat.] 
Outside ; surface ; superfice. Sandys. 

SURERFINE, su-per-flne'. 521. a. Eminently fine. 
JJEslrasige. 

SUPERFLUENCE, su-per'-ftt-ense. n. s. [super 
and fluo, Lat.] More than is necessary. Hammond. 

SUPERFLUTPANCE^u-per-flu'-e-tanse. n.s. [su- 
per and fluito, Lat.] The act of floating above. 
Brown. 

SUPERFLUTTANT, su-per-fl«V-e-lant. a. [super- 
fuitans, Lat.] Floating above. Brown. 

SUPERFLUITY, su-per-flu'-e-te. n. s. [superflu- 
iti, Fr.] More than enough ; plenty beyond use or 
necessity. Hooker. 

SUPERFLUOUS 6, su-per'-flu-us. 518. a. [super 
and /wo, Lat. ; superjiu, Fr.] Exuberant; more 
than enough; unnecessary; offensive by being 
more than sufficient. Sidney. 

SUPERFLUOUSNESS, su-per'-flu-fis-nes. n. s. 
The stale of being superfluous. 

SURERFLUX,siY-per-fluks. ?i.s. [super and Jluxus, 
Lat.] That which is more than wanted. Sluik. 

SUPERFOLIA'TION*, su-per-f6-le-a'-sh&n. n. s. 
Excess of foliation. Sir T Brown. 

SUPERHUMAN, sii-per-hu'-man. a. [super and 
humanus, Lat.] Above the nature or power of man. 
SUPERIMPREGNA'TION, su-per-lm-preg-na'- 
sh5n. n. s. [super, and impregnation.] Supercon- 
ception ; superfetation. 
SUPERINCUMBENT, su-pgr-m-kom'-bent. a. [su- 
per and incumhens, Lat.] Lying on the top of some- 
thing else. Woodward. 
To SUPERINDUCE $, su-pgr-ln-duse'. v. a. [su- 
per and induco, LatJ To bring in as an addition 
to something else. Bacon. To bring on as a thing 
not originally belonging to that on which it is 
brought. Locke. 



SUPERINDU'CTION, su-per-ln-duk'-shfin. n. s. 
The act of superinducing. South 

SUPERINJE'CTION, su-per-ln-iek'-sh&n. n. s. An 
injection succeeding another. Diet. 

To SUPERINSPE'CT*, su-per-fn-spekf. v. a. To 
overlook ; to oversee. Maydman. 

SUPERINSTITU'TION , su-per-ln-ste-tu'-shfin. 
n. s. [super, and institution.'] [In law.] One insti- 
tution upon another : as if A be instituted and ad- 
milted to a benefice upon a title, and B be instituted 
and admitted by the presentation of another. Bai- 
ley. 

To SUPERINTENDS, su- per-ln-tend'. v. a. [super, 
and intend.] To oversee ; to overlook ; to take care 
of others with authority. Bacon. 

SUPERINTENDENCE, su-per-ln-lend'-ense. ) 

SUPERINTE'NDENCY, su-per-in-iend'-en-se. \ 
n.s. Superiour care; the act of overseeing with 
authority. South. 

SUPERINTENDENT, su-per-ln-tend'-ent. n. s. 
One who overlooks others authoritatively. Addison. 

SUPERINTENDENT*, su-pgr-ln-tend'-ent. a. 
Overlooking others with authority. Stilling feet. 

SUPERIORITY, su-pe-re-c-r'-e-te. n. s. Pre-emi- 
nence ; the quality of being greater or higher than 
another in any respect. Stilling feet. 

SUPERIOUR $, si-pe'-re-ur. 1Gb. a. [superieur, Fr. ; 
superior, Lat.] Higher ; greater in dignity or ex- 
cellence ; preferable or preferred to another. Ba- 
con. Upper ; higher, locally. Newton. Free from 
emotion or concern ; unconquered ; unaffected. 
Milton. 

SUPERIOUR, su-pe'-re-ur. n. s. One more excel- 
lent or dignified than another. Addison. 

SUPERLA TION, sii-peY-la'-shun. n. s. [superlatio, 
Lat.] Exaltation of any thing beyond truth or pro- 
priety. B. Jonson. 

SUPERLATIVE §, su-per'-la-tlv. a. [superlatif Fr. ; 
super lativus, Lat.] Implying or expressing the 
highest degree. Bacon. Rising to the highest de- 
gree. Bacon. 

SUPERLATIVELY, su-peV-la-tlv-le. ad. In a man- 
ner of speech expressing the highest degree. Ba- 
con. In the highest degree. South. 

SUPERLATIVENESS, su-perMa-tlv-nes. n.s. The 
state of being in the highest degree. 

SUPERLU'NAR, su-pgr-lu'-nar. ) a. [super 

SUPERLUNARY*, su-per-liV-nar-e. $ and luna ] 
Not sublunary ; placed above the moon ; not ot 
this world. Pope. 

SUPERNA'CULUM*, su-per-nak'-ku-l&m. n. s. 
[super, et Germ, nagel.] Good liquor, of which 
there is not even a drop left sufficient to wet one's 
nail. Grose. 

SUPERNAL, su-per'-nal. 88. a. [supernus, Lat.] 
Having a higher position; locally above us. Ra-~ 
leigh. Relating to things above ; placed above; 
celestial ; heavenly. Shakspeare. 

SUPERNA'TANT'5, su-per-na'-tant. a. [superna- 
tans, Lat.] Swimming above. Boyle. 

SUPERNATA'TION, su-peY-na-la^-shun. n. s. [su- 
pernato, Lat.] The act of swimming on the top of 
any thing. Bacon. 

SUPERNATURAL §, su-per-nat'-tshu-ral. a. Be 
ing above the powers of nature. Hooker. 

SUPERNA'TURALLY, su-per-nat'-tshu-ral-e. ad. 
In a manner above the course or power of na- 
ture. South. 

SUPERNUMERARY, su-per-nu'-mSr-ar-e. a. [su- 
pernumeraire,Vr.; super and numerus, Lat.] Be- 
ing above a staled, a necessary, an usual, or a 
round number. Milton. 

SURERPLANT, siV-per-plant. n. s. A plant grow- 
ing upon another plant. Bacon. 

SURERPLUSAGE, su'-ner-pl&s-ldje. n.s. [super 
and plus, Lat.] Something more than enough. 
Fell. 

To SUPERPO'NDERATE, su-per-p&n'-der-ate. 
v. a. [super and pondero, Lat.] To weigh over and 
above. Dirt. 
To SURERPRAISE*, sa'-per-prize. v. a. To- 
praise beyond measure. ShaJcspeare. 
898 



SUP 



SUP 



-116, move, ndr, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ;— Ail ;— pound ;— th'm, this. 



SUPERPROPO'RTION, s6-per-pro-p6r'-shan. n.s. 
[sHj.cr and proportio, Lat.] Overplus of proportion. 

SUPERPURGATION, su-peV-pur-ga'-shun. n. s. 
More purgation than enough. Wiseman. 

SUPERREFLE CTION, su-per-re-flek'-shftn. n.s. 
Reflection of an image reflected. Bacon. 

SUPERSA'LIENCY, su-per-sa'-le-en-se. ». s. [«- 
p»r and salio, Lat.] The act of leaping upon any 
thing. Brown. 

ToSUPERSCRPBEsSsu-per-skribe'. v. a. [super 
and scribo, Lat.] To inscribe upon the top or out- 
side. Addison. 

SUPERSCRIPTION, su-per-skrip'-shun. n. s. [su- 
per and scriptio, Lat.] The act of superscribing. 
That which is written on the lop or outside. Shak. 

SUPERSE'CULAR*. su-per-sek'-ku-l&r. a. Above 
the world. Bv. Hall. 

T* SUPERSEDE, su-per-sede'. v. a. [super and 
sedeo, Lat.] To make void or inefficacious by su- 
periour power; to set aside. Smith. 

S UPERSE'DEAS, su-per-se'-de-as. n. s. [In law.] 
A writ which lieth in divers and sundry cases; in 
all which it signifies a command or request to stay 
or forbear the doing of that which in appearance 
of law were to be done, were it not lor the cause 
whereupon the writ is granted. Coicel. 

SUPERSE'RVICEARLE, siVper-seV-ve-sa-bl. a. 
Over officious ; more than is necessary or required. 
Shakspeare. 

SUPERSTITION*, su-peV-stlsh'-fin. n.s. [Fr. ; su- 
perst'dio, Lat.] Unnecessary fear or scruples in re- 
ligion; observance of unnecessary and uncom- 
manded rites or practices ; religion without moral- 
ity. Dryden. Rile or practice proceeding from 
■ scrupulous or timorous religion. In this sense it is 
plural. Milton. False religion; reverence of be- 
ings not proper objects of reverence ; false wor- 
ship. Acts, xxv. Over nicely; exactness too scru- 
pulous. 

SUPERSTITIONIST*, sa-per-stlsh'-oh-fst. n. s. 
One who is addicted to superstition. More. 

SUPERSTITIOUS, sa-per-srfsh'-fis. a. [supersti- 
tieux, Fr. ; superstitiosus, Lat.] Addicted to super- 
stition ; full of idle fancies or scruples with regard 
to religion. Spenser. Over accurate; scrupulous 
bevond need. Shakspeare. 

SUPERSTITIOUSLY, su-peV-sl?sh'-us-le. ad. In 
a superstitious manner ; with erroneous religion. 
Bacon. Willi too much care. Watts. 

SUPERSTITIOUSNESS*, su-per-stfsh'-fts-nes. 
n.s. The state of being superstitious. Bale. 

To SUPERSTRA'INVsu-per-strane'. o. a. To strain 
bevond the just stretch. Bacon. 

To SUPERSTRU'CT§, sa-per-strukt'. v. a. [super- 
stnio, super structus, Lat.] To build upon any thing. 
Hammond. 

SUPERSTRU'CTION, sa-per-strnk'-shfin. n. s. An 
edifice raised on any thing. Pearson. 

SUPERSTRUCTURE, su-per-struk'-liv. a. Built 
upon something else. Hammond. 

SUPERSTRUCTURE, su-per-struk'-tshure. n.s. 
That which is raised or built upon something else. 
South. 

SUPERSUBSTANTIAL, su-per-sfib-stan'-shal. a. 
More lhaii substantial. 

SUPERSU'BTLE*, sa-per-sfit'-tl. a. Over subtle. 
Shakspeare. 

SUPERVACANEOUS $. su-per-va-ka'-ne-fis. a. 
[superracaneus, Lat.] Superfluous ; needless ; un- 
necessary ; serving to no purpose. Howell. 

SUPERVACANEOUSLY. su-per-va-ka'-ne-fis-le. 
ad. Needlessly. 

SLTERVACA'NEOUSNESS.su-per-va-ka'-ne-us- 

nes. n. s. Needlessness. Bailey. 
To SUPERVENE $, su-per-vene'. v.n. [svpervenio, 
Lat.] To come as an extraneous addition. Fell. 

SUPERVENIENT, su-per-ve'-ne-ent. a. [superve- 
niens, Lat.] Added; additional. Brown. 

.SUPERVE NTION, su-per-veV-sh5n. n.s. The act 

of supervening. Bp. Halt. 
To SUPERVISES, su-pir-vlze'. r, a. [si/per and 



visits, Lai.] To overlook; to oversee; to intend 

Howell. 

SUPERVISE*, sa-pgr-vlze'. n. s. Inspection. Shak. 

SUPERVISION*, su-per-vlzh'-fin. n. s. Act of su- 
pervising. VVartoJi. 

SUPERVISOR, su-per-vl'-zfir. 166. n.s. An over- 
seer ; an inspector; a superintendent. Watts. 

To SUPERVFVE, su-per-vlve'. v. n. [super and vi- 
vo.'] To overlive;* to outlive. Clarke. 

SUPINATION, su-pe-na'-shftn. n.s. [Fr. ; from 
mpiiw, Lai.] The act of lying, or stale of being 
laid, with the face upward. [In anatomy.] The 
position of the hand, in which the palm is lifted up- 
wards, or exposed. Smith. 

SUPFNE §, su-plne'. 140. a. [supinus, Lat.] Lying 
with the face upward : opposed to prmve. Brown. 
Leaning backwards with exposure to the sun. Dry- 
den. Negligent; careless; indolent; drowsy; 
thoughtless ; inattentive. King Charles. 

SUTINE, siV-plne. 140, 494. n. s. [supin, Fr. ; sh- 
pmum, Lat.] [In Latin grammar.] A term signi- 
fying a particular kind of verbal noun. 

SUPINELY, su-plne'-le. ad. With the face upward. 
Drowsily ; thoughtlessly ; indolently. Sandys. 

SUPPNENESS, su-plne'-nes. n. s. Posture with the 
face upward. Drowsiness; carelessness; indo- 
lence. Swift. 

SUPPNITY, su-pin'-e-te. 511. n.s. Posture of lying 
with the face upwards. Carelessness ; indolence ; 
thoughtlessness. Brown. 

SU'PF AGE*, sfip'-pidje. n. s. [from To sup.] What 
may be supped ; pottage. Hooker. 

SUPPALPAT10N*,sftp-pal-pa / -shQn. n.s. [suppal- 
por, Lat.] Act of enticiug by soft words. Bp. Hall. 

SUPPARASITATION*,sup-par-as-e-ta'-shun.«.s. 
[svpparasitor, LatJ The act of flattering or paying 
servile court to. Bp. Hall. 

SUPPEDANEOUS, sfip-pe-da'-ne-fis. a. [sub and 
pes, Lat.] Placed under the feet. Brown. 

To SUPPE'DITATE*, sfin-ped'-e-tate. v. a. [sup- 
pedito, Lat.] To supply. Hammond. 

SUTPERS, sup'-pur. 98. n. s. [souper, Fr.] The last 
meal of the day; the evening repast. Shakspeare. 

SUTPERLESS, sfip'-pfir-les. a. Wanting supper j 
fasting at night. Spectator. 

To SUPPLANT §, sup-plant', v. a. [supplanter, Fr. j 
sub and planta, Lat.] To trip up the heels. Mi/ton. 
To displace by stratagem ; to turn out. Sidney. 
To displace ; to overpower ; to force away. Shak- 
speare. 

SUPPLANTER, sflp-plant'-fir. n. s. One that sup- 
plants ; one that displaces. Gower. 

SUPPLANTING*, sfip-plant'-lng. n. s. The act of 
displacing or turning out. Hoadly. 

SU'PPLE§,sup'-p].405. a. [souple, Fr.] Pliant; flex- 
ible. Bacon. Yielding ; soft ; not obstinate. Shak. 
Flattering; fawning; bending. Addison. That 
which makes supple. Sliafcspeare. 
To SU'PPLE.sup'-pl. v. a. To make pliant; to make 
soft ; to make flexible. Temple. To make com- 
pliant. Shakspeare. 
To SUTPLE, sup'-pl. v. n. To grow soft ; to grow 
pliant. Dryden. 

SU'PPLELY*, sup'-pl-le. ad. Softly ; mildly ; pliant- 
Iv. Cotsro.re. 

SUPPLEMENT §, sup'-ple-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; supple- 
mentum, Lat.] Addition to any thing by which its 
defects are supplied. Hooker. Store ; supply. 
Chapman. 

SUPPLEMENTAL, sup-ple-ment-'-al. )a. Ad- 

SUPPLEMENTARY, sfip-ple-ment'-a-re. ) dition- 
al ; such as may supply the place of what is lost or 
wanting. Clarendon. 

SU'PPLENESS, siip'-pl-nes. n. s. [smiplesse, Fr.] 
Pliantness ; flexibility ; readiness to lake any form. 
Bacon. Readiness of compliance ; facility. Tern- 

SU'PPLETORY, sup'-ple-tfir-e. 512. a. [supplep, 
LatJ Brought in to fill up deficiencies. lvliarton. 

SU'PPLETORY, s&p'-ple-tur-e. n. s. [snppletorium, 
Lat.] That which is to fill up deficiencies. Bp, 
Tavbr. 

899 



SUP SUP 




D~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 





SUPPLFAL* sup-pll'-al. n.s. The act of supplying. 

War burton. 
SUPPLI'ANCE*, sfip-pll'-anse. n. s. Continuance. 

Shakspeare. 
SU'PPLIANT$, s&p'-ple-dnt. a. [Fr.] Entreating 3 

beseeching; precatory; submissive. Shakspeare. 
SU'PPLIANT, sup'-ple-ant. n. s. An humble peti- 
tioner ; one who begs submissively. Shakspeare. 
SU'PPLIANTLY* s&p/-ple-ant-lf. ad. In a submis- 
sive marine' - . Tlie Student, vol. i. 
SU'PPLICANT, sup'-ple-kant. n. s. [supplicans, 
Lat.] One that entreats or implores with great 
submission ; an humble petitioner. Hooker. 
SU'PPLICANT*, sup'-ple-kant. a. Entreating ; sub- 
missively petitioning. Bp. Bull. 
To SUPPLICATES, sup'-ple-kate. 0. n. [supplier, 
Fr. ; supplico, Lal.1 To implore; to entreat ; to 
petition submissively and humbly. Bacon. 
SUPPLICATION , sup-ple-ka'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Pe- 
tition humbly delivered ; entreaty. Shak. Peti- 
tionary worship ; the adoration of a supplicant or 
petitioner. Eph. vi. 
SU'PPLICATORY* sup'-ple-kn-tur-e. a. Petitiona- 
ry. Bp. Hall. 
SUPPLIER* s&p-pll'-ur. n. s. One who supplies ; 

one who makes up for an omission. Siackhouse. 
To SUPPLY'S, sup-pli'. v. a. [suppleo, Lat.; suppli- 
er, Fr.] To fill upas any deficiencies happen. Spen- 
ser. To give something wanted ; to yield; to af- 
ford. Baron. To relieve with something wanted. 
S.'i'fk. To serve instead of. Waller. To give or 
bring, whether good or bad. Prior. To fill any 
room made vacant. Milton. To accommodate ; to 
furnish. Dnjden. 
SUPPLY', sup-pli'. n. s. Relief of want ; cure of de- 
ficiency. 2 Cor. viii. 
SUPPLEMENT* siip-pli'-ment. n.s. Prevention of 

deficiency. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 
To SUPPO'RT§, sup-p6rt\ v . a . [supporter, Fr. ; 
supportare, Ital.] To sustain ; to prop ; to bear up. 
Milton. To endure any thing painful without be- 
ing overcome. Milton. To endure ; to bear. Dry- 
den. To sustain ; to keep from fainting. Milton. 
SUPPO'RT, sfip-p6rt'. n. s. [Fr.] Act or power of 
sustaining. Locke. Prop ; sustaining power. Ne- 
cessaries of life. Shenstone. Maintenance; supply. 
Bhickstone. 
SUPPO'RTABLE, sup-port '-fi-bl. a. [Fr.] Tolera- 
ble ; to be endured. Shakspeare. 
SUPPO'RTABLENESS, sap-p6rt'-a-bl-nes. n. s. 

The stale of being tolerable. Hammond. 
SUPPO'RT AN CE. sfip-pdrf-ajise. ) n. s. Main- 
SUPPORTA'TION, sf.p-p6r-ta'-shun. \ tenance ; 

support. Shakspeare. 
SUPPO'RTER, s6p-p6rt'-ur. 98. n. s. One that sup- 
ports. Shale. Prop ; that by which any thing is 
borne up from falling. Bacon. Sustainer ; com- 
forter. South. Mainta'iner ; defender. Wot/on. — 
Supporters. [In heraldry.] Figures of beasts, birds, 
and sometimes of human beings, which support the 
arms. Camden. 
SUPPO'RTFUL* sap-pirt'-f&l. a. Abounding with 

support. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. 
SUPPO'RTMENT*, suptport'-mftr.t. n. s. Support. 

Wotton. Ob. T. 
SUPPO'SABLE, sup-po'-za-bl. 405. a. That maybe 

supposed. Hammond. 
SUPPO'SAL, sup-p6'-zal. 83. n. s. Position without 

proof; imagination; belief. Shakspeare. 
To SUPPO'SE §, sup-p6ze'. ?». a. [supposer, Fr. ; sup- 
pono, Lat.] To lay down without proof; to advance 
by way of argument or illustration without main- 
taining the truth of the position. Wilkins. To ad- 
mit without proof. Tillotson. To imagine ; to be- 
lieve without examination. 2 Sam. xiii. To require 
as previous. Hale. To make reasonably supposed. 
Female Quixote. To put one thing by fraud in the 
place of another. 
SUPPO'SE, sup-p<W. n. s. Supposition ; position 

without proof; unevidenced conceit. Sluikspeare. 
SUPPO'SER, sup-p6'-zur. 98. n.s. One that sup- 
poses. Shakspeare. 



SUPPOSITION, sup- P 6-z?sh'-&n. n. s. [Fr.l Posi 
tion laid down; hypothesis; imagination yet un- 
proved. Shakspeare. 

SUPPOSITIONAL*, sup-p6-z?sh'-un-al. a. Hypo- 
thetical. South. 

SUPPOSITITIOUS, sup-poz-e-tfsh'-us. a. [suppos- 
itus, supposititius, Lat.] Not genuine; put by a 
trick into the place or character belonging to an- 
other. Bacon. Supposed ; imaginary ; iiOt real. 
Woodward. 

SUPPOSITFTIOUSLY*, sup-pSz-e-tish'-us-le. ad. 
Bv supposition. Sir T. Herbert. 

SUPPOSITFTIOUSNESS, sup-poz-e-tlsh'-us-nes 
n. s. State of being counterfeit. 

SUPPO'SITIVE*, sfip-poz'-ze-tiv. a. Supposed ; in- 
cluding a supposition. Chillingworth. 

SUPPO'SITIVE*, sup-poz'-ze-tlv. n. s. What im- 
plies supposition: as, if. Harris. 

SUPPO'SITIVELY, sup-poz'-ze-tlv-le. ad. Upon 
supposition. Hammond. 

SUPPO'SITORY, sfip-poz'-ze-tur-e. n. s. [supposi- 
toire, Fr. ; suppositoiium, Lat.] A kind of solid 
clyster. Arbutlmot. 

To SUPPRESS §, sup-pres'. v. a. [supprimo, sup- 
pressus, Lat.] To crush ; to overpower ; to over- 
whelm ; to subdue ; to reduce from any state of ac- 
tivity or commotion. Sliak. To conceal ; not to 
tell ; not to reveal. Milton. To keep in ; not to let 
out. Shakspeare. 

SUPPRESSION, sup-presh'-un. n. s. [Fr.; sup- 
pression Lat.] The act of suppressing. Not publi- 
cation. Pope. 

SUPPRESSIVE*, sup-pres'-siv. a. Suppressing ; 
overpowering; concealing; keeping in. Sew- 
ard. 

SUPPRESSOR, sup-pres'-sur. 166. n. s. One that 
suppresses, crushes, or conceals. Sherwood. 

To SU'PPURATE §, sfip'-pu-rate. ». a. [pus, puris, 
Lat. ; suppurer, Fr.] To generate pus or matter 
A rbuthnot. 

To SU'PPURATE, sup'-pu-rate. v. n. To grow to 

SUPPURA'TION, sup-pu-ra'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] The 

ripening or change of the matter of a tumour into 
pus. Wiseman. The matter suppurated. South. 
SUPPURATIVE, sup'-pu-ra-tiv. 512. a. [suppura- 
lif, Fr.] Digestive; generating matter. Cot- 
grave. 
SUPPURATIVE*, sup'-pu-ra-tiv. n. s. A suppurat- 
ing; medicine. Wiseman. 

SUPPUTA'TION, sVpu-ta'-shun. «■* f Fr - 5 sup- 
puto, Lat.] Reckoning ; account ; calculation ; 
compulation. Holder. 
^oSUPPU'TE, sup-pute'. v. a. [supputo, Lat.] To 
reckon ; to calculate. 

SUPRA, siV-pra, [Lat.,] in composition, signifies - 
above or before. 

SUPRALAPSA'RIAN. su-pra-lap-sa'-re-an. ) n 

SUPRALA'PSARY,' su-pra-lap'-sar-e. \ a ' 

[supra and lapsus, Lat.] Antecedent to the fall of 
man. 

SUPRALAPSA'RIAN*, su-pra-lap-sa'-re-an. n. s. 
One who maintains the supralapsarian doctrine : 
viz. that God does only consider hjs own glory in 
all that he does ; and that whatever is done arises, 
as from its first cause, from the decree of God ; 
that, in this decree, God intended to make the 
world, to put a race'of men in it, to constitute them 
under Adam as their fountain and head ; that he 
decreed Adam's sin, the lapse of his posterity, and 
Christ's death, &c. Burnet. 

SUPRAMU'NDANE*, su-pra-mun'-dane. a. [supra, 
and mundane.'] Above the world. Halhjwell. 

SUPRAVU'LGAR, su-pra-vul'-gfir. a. Above the 
vulgar. Collier. 

SUPRE'MACY, su-prem'-a-se.511. [See Primacy.] 
n. s. Highest place ; highest authority ; state of be- 
ing supreme. Hooker. 

SUPREME $, su-preme'. a. [supremus, Lat.] High- 
est in dignity ; highest in authority ; used only of 
intellectual or political elevation. Hooker. High- 
est ; most excellent. Dryden. 






SUR 












SUR 


— no. move 


nfir 


n6t; 


—lube, 


tfib, bull ;— fill ;- 


— pfiftnd 


; — thin, thIs. 



SUPREMELY, sfi-pi^me'-le. ad. In the highest de- 
gree. Pope. 
SUR, sAr, [Fr.,] in composition, means upon or orw 

and above. 
SI RADDPTION, sur-ad-dish'-An. n. s. Something 

added to the name. Shakspeare. 
SU'RAL, siV-ral. 88. a. [sura, Lat.] Being iu the 

calf of the leg. Wiseman. 
SURANCE, shA'-ranse. 154. n. s. [fromswre.] War- 
rant ; security; assurance. Shakspeare. 
SURBASES*, sfir'-base. n.s. [sur and base.] A 

kind of skirt, border, or moulding, above the base. 

Pennant, 
SURBA SED*, sfir-baste'. a. [surbasse, Fr.] Having 

a surbase or moulding. Gray. 
To SURBATES, sfir-bate'. v. a. [solbatir, Fr.] To 

bruise and bailer the feet with travel 3 to harass; 

to fatigue. Clarendon. 
SURBEAT* sfir'-bele. PThe participle passive of 
SURBE'T, sfir-beV. \ sur beat, which Spenser 

and Hall have used for surbate. Spenser. Bp. Hall. 
To SURCEA'SE §, s&r-sese'. v. n. [sur and cesser, 

Fr. ; cesso, Lat.] To be at an end ; to stop ; to 

cease ; to be no longer in use or being. Donne. 

To leave off; to practise no longer; to refrain 

finallv. Hooker. 
To SURCEA'SE, sfir-sese'. v. a. To stop ; to put to 

an end. Spenser. 
SURCEA'SE, s&r-sese'. 227. n. s. Cessation; stop. 

Hooker. 
To SURCHARGES, sdr-tsharje'. v. a. [surcharger, 

Fr.] To overload ; to overburthen. Spenser. 
SURCHARGE, sfir-tsharje'. n. s. [Fr.] Burthen 
added to burthen ; overburthen ; more than can be 
well borne. Bacon. 
SURCHARGER, sfir-tshar'-jfir. 98. n. s. One that 
overburthens. 



SURCPNGLES, sur'-sfng-gl. 405. 



[sur and 



cingulum, Lat.] A girth with which the burthen is 
bound upon a horse. The girdle of a cassock. 
Marvel. 

SURCFNGLED*, sfir-sfng'-gld. a. Girt. Bp. Hall. 

SU'RCLE, sfirk'-kl. 405. n. s. [surculus, Lat.] A 
shoot ; a twig ; a sucker. Brown. 

SU'RCOAT, sfir'-ke-te. n. s. [surcot, old Fr.] A 
short coat worn over the rest of the dress. Camden. 

SURCREW*, siV-kr66. n. s. [sur and crew.} Aug- 
mentation ; additional collection. Woiton. Ob. T. \ 

ToSURCULATES*, sfir'-kfi-lale. v. a. [surculo, 
Lat.] To prune ; to cut off young shoots. Cock- 
eravi. 

SURCULA'TION*, sfir-kfi-la'-shfin. n.s. The act 
of pruning. Sir T. Brown. 

SURD §, surd. a. [surdus, Lat.; sourd, Fr.] Deaf; 
wanting the sense of hearing. Brown. Unheard ; 
not perceived by the ear. Not expressed by any 
term. 

SURDITY, sur'-de-te. n. s. [from surd.] Deafness. 
1 ' v <eram. 

SURDNU'MBER, surd-n&m'-bftr. n. s. That is in- 
commensurate with unity. 

SLRES, shire. 454, 455. a. [seur, old Fr.] Certain ; 
unfailing ; infallible. Ps. xix. Certainly doomed. 
Locke. Confident; undoubting; certainly know- 
nig. Shale. Safe ; firm ; certain ; past doubt or 
danger. Dan. iv. Firm; stable; steady; not lia- 
ble to failure. Shak. — To be sure. Certainly. At- 
terbury. 

SURE, shire, ad. [sureme71l.Fr.] Certainly ; with- 
out doubt ; doubtless. Shakspeare. 

SUREFO'OTED, shire-fiil'-ed. a. [sure and foot.] 
Treading firmly ; not stumbling. Herbert. 

SURELY, shure'-te. ad. Certainly ; undoubtedly ; 
without doubt. Genesis. Firmly ; without hazard. 
Proverbs. 

SU'RENESS, shure'-nes. n. s. Certainty. Cowley. 

SU'RETISHIP, shure'-te-sh?p. n.s. The office of a 
surety or bondsman ; the act of being bound for an- 
other. Donne. 

SURETY S,shiW-l£. [See Nicety.] n.s. [surele, 
Fr.] Certainty ; indubilableness. Gen. xv. Secu- 
rity ; safety. Sidney. Foundation of stability ; sup- 



port. Milton. Evidence ; ratification ; confirma- 
tion. Shak. Security against loss or damage ; se- 
curity for payment. S/iak. Hostage ; bondsman , 
one that gives security for another; one that is 
bound for another. Gen. xliii. 
SURF*, sfirf. n. s. [probably from the Fr. surfiot.} 
The swell or dashing of the sea that beats against 
rocks or the shore. Falconer. 

SURFACE, s&r'-fas. 91. n. s. [old Fr.] Superfi- 
cies ; outside ; superfice. Fotherby. 
To SURFEITS, sfir'-f h. 255. v. a. [sur and /aire, 
Fr.] To feed with meat or drink to satiety and 
sickness ; to cram over-much. Shakspeare. 
To SURFEIT, sV-f!t. »• »• To be fed to satiety 
and sickness. Shakspeare. 

SURFEIT, sfir'-fft. n. s. Sickness or satiety caused 
by over-fulness. Shakspeare. 

SURFE1TER, sfir'-f it-fir. 98. n. s. One who riots 5 
a glutton. Shakspeare. 

SURFEITING*, sfir'-f ft-ing. n.s. The act of feed- 
ing with meat or drink to satiety and sickness. Da- 
vies. 

SURFEITWATER, sfir'-flt-wa-tfir. n.s. Water 
that cures surfeits. Locke. 

SURGE §, sfirje. n. s. \surgo, Lat.] A swelling sea ; 
wave rolling above the general surface of the wa 
ter; billow; wavfc. Spenser. 

To SURGE, sfirje. v. n. To swell ; to rise high 
Spenser. 

SURGELESS*, sflrje'-l&s.a. Without surges ; calm 
Mirror for Magistrates. 

SURGEONS, sfir'-jun. 259. n.s. [corrupted from 
chirurgecm ; surgien, old Fr.] One who cures by 
manual operation ; one whose duty is to act in ex- 
ternal maladies by the direction of the ph3'siciars. 
Sidney. 

SURGEONRY, sur'-jfln-re. >n.s. The act of cur- 

SURGERY, sfir'-jeV-e. $ ing by manual op- 

eration. Spenser. 

SURGICAL*, sfir'-je-kal. a. Pertaining to the art 
and skill of a surgeon ; chirurgical. 

SURGY, sfir'-j^. a. Rising in billows. Pope. 

SURLILY, sfir'-le-le. ad. In a surly manner. The 
Student, vol. ii. 

SURLINESS, sfir'-le-nes. n.s. Gloomy moroseness 5 
sour an^er. Milton. 

SURLING, sfirl'-lng. n. s. A sour, morose fellow. 
Camden. Ob. J. 

SURLY S, sfirMe. a. [j-'up, Sax.; sural, old Fr.] 
Gloomily morose ; rough ; uncivil ; sour ; silently 
angry. Shakspeare. 

SURMFSAL*, sfir-mi'-zal. n.s. Imperfect notion j 
surmise. Milton. 

To SURMISES, sfir-mW. v. a. [surmise, Fr.] To 
suspect ; to imagine imperfectly ; to imagine with- 
out certain knowledge. Hooker. 

SURMPSE, sfir-mlze 7 . n. s. [surmise, Fr.] Imperfect 
notion ; suspicion ; imagination not supported by 
knowledge. Hooker % 

SURMFSER*, sfir-mi'-zfir. n. s. One who surmises. 
Lively Oracles. 

To SURMOUNTS, sur-mount'. v. a. [surmonter, 
Fr.] To rise above. Raleigh. To conquer ; to 
overcome. Hayward. To surpass; to exceed. 
Milton. 

SURMO'UNTABLE. sfir-mSunt'-a-bl. 



able, old FrJ Conquerable ; superable. 
SURMO'UNTER, sfir-mdfinl'-fir. n.s 

rises above another. 
SURMOUNTING, sfir-mountMng. n. 



[surmonl- 
One that 



n. s. The act 
A sort of fish. 



of getting uppermost. 
SURMULLET, s5r'-m6l-le*t. 

Ainsioorth. 
SURNAMES, sfir'-name. 492. n. s. [surnom, Fr.] 

The name of the family; the name which one has 

over and above the Christian name. Spenser. An 

appellation added to the original name. Shak. 
To SURNA'ME, sfir-name'. v. a. [surnommer, Fr] 

To name by an appellation added to the original 

name. Isaiah, xliv. 
To SURPA'SS S, sfir-pas'. v. a. [surpasser, Fr.] To 

excel ; to exceed ; to go beyond in excellence. Shak. 
901 



SUR 



sus 



\ET 559.— Fate. far. fall, fat;— me, met,- -pine, pin;— 



SURPASS ABLE, sur-pas'-sa-bl. 
excelled. Diet. 



That may be 



SURPASSING, sftr-pas'-smg. part a. Excellent in 
a high degree. Milton. 

SURPASSINGLY, s&r-pas'-sfng-le. ad. In a very 
excellent maimer. 

SU'RPLICE §. s&r'-plk 140. n. s. [surpelis, sm-plis, 
Fr.; suptrpelHcium, Lat.] The white garb which 
the clergy wear in their acts of ministration. 
Shakspeare. 

SURPLICErFEES*, sur'-plls-feez. n. s. Fees paid 
to the clergv for occasional duties. Warton. 

SURPLICED*. s&r'-pllst. a. Wearing a surplice. 
Millet. 

SU'RPLUS, siV-plus. I n. s. [swplus, 

SUOIPLUSAGE, s&r'-pl&s-fdje. 90. $ Fr. ; stir, 
and plus. Lat.] A supernumerary part; overplus; 
what remains when use is satisfied. Spenser. 

SURPRI'SAL, s&r-prl'-zal. 88. ) n. s. [surprise,Fr.] 

SURPRISE,, s&r-prlze'. $ The act of tak- 

ing unawares ; the state of being taken unawares. 
Wotion. A dish which has nothing in it. King. 
Sudden confusion or perplexity. 

To SURPRISES, sftr-prlze'. v. a. [surpris, Fr. ; 
from surprendre.] To take unawares ; to fall upon 
unexpectedly. Shak. To astonish by something 
wonderful. L' Estrange. To confuse or perplex by 
something sudden. Milton. 

SURPRISING, sfir-pri'-zlng. 410. part. a. Won- 
derful; raiding sudden wonder or concern. Ad- 
dison. 

SURPRISINGLY, sur-prl'-zlng-le. ad. To a de- 
gree that raises wonder ; in a manner that raises 
wonder. Addison. 

SU'RQUEDRY, sur'-kwe-dre. n. s. [«//• and cuider. 
old Fr.] Overweening pride ; insolence. Spenser. I 
Ob. J. 

SURREBUTTER, sur-re-bfit'-tur. n. s. [In law.] | 
A second rebutter; answer to a rebutter. 

SURREJOPNDER, sur-re-jdln'-dfir. n. s. [surre-\ 
joindre, Fr.] [In law.] A second defence of the | 
"plaintiff's action, opposite to the rejoinder of the I 
defendant, which the civilians call triplicatio. Bai- \ 

To "SURRENDERS, sur-ren'-d&r. v. a. [old Fr.] 

To\ieldup; to deliver up. Hooker. To deliver! 

up an enemv. Fair/ax. 
To SURRENDER, sur-ren'-d&r. v.n. To yield;! 

to give one's self up. Glanville. 
SURRENDER, sur-ren'-d&r. 88. ) n, s. The act of | 
SURRENDRY, s&r-ren'-dre. \ yielding. Ml- \ 

ton. The act of resigning or giving up to another. 

Sliakspeare. 
SURRE'PTION, sfir-rep'-shun. n. s. [surreptus, 

Lat.] Act of obtaining or procuring surreptitiously. 

Bp. Hall. Sudden and unperceived invasion or j 

intrusion. Hammond. 
SURREPTITIOUS S, sur-rep-tlsh'-fis. a. [surrep- 

titius. Lat.] Done by stealth ; gotten or produced 

fraudulently. Brown. 
SURREPTITIOUSLY, sur-rep-tish'-fis-le. ad. By 

stealth; fraudulently. Gov. of the Ton<nie. 
To SURROGATES, sur'-ro-gate. v. a. [surrogo, 

Lat.] To put in the place of another. Proceed. 

against Garnet, fyc. 
SURROGATE, sur'-ro-gate. 91. n. s. [snn-ogatus, 

Lat.] A deputy ; a delegate ; the deputy of an ec- 
clesiastical judffe. Const, and Cano?ts Eccl. 
SURROGATION, sur-r6-ga/-shun. n. s. [surroga- 

tio. Lat.] The act of putting in another's place. 

KiUingback. 
To SURROUND, s&r-round'. v. a. [surronder, Fr.] 

To environ ; to encompass ; to enclose on all sides. 

Milton. 
SURSO'LID, sur-sol'-fd. n. s. [In algebra.] The 

fourth multiplication or power of any number what- 
ever taken as the root. Trevoux. 
SURSO'LID Problem, n.s. [In mathematicks.] That 

which cannot be resolved but by curves of a higher 

nature than a conick section. Harris. 
SURTOU'T, sfir-uW. n.s. [Fr.] A large coat 
worn over all the rest. Prior. Arbvthnot. 



To SURVENE, sur-vene'. v. a. [survenir. Fr.] 
To supervene; to come as an addition. Hartley. 

To SURVE'YS, sur-vi/. r. a. [surreoir, old Fr.] To 
overlook ; to have under the view ; to view as from 
a higher place. Miiton. To oversee, as one in au 
thonty. To view as examining. Spenser. To 
measure and estimate land or buildings. 

SURVEY, sfir-vji', or sur'-va. [sur'-va, Jones, Ful 
ton .jnd Knight.] n. s. View; prospect. Milton 
Superintendence. Mensuration. 

§£T This substantive was, till within these few years, 
universally pronounced with the accent on the last syl- 
lable, like the verb : but, since Johnson and Lowth led 
the way, a very laudable desire of regulating and im- 
proving our language has given the substantive the ac- 
cent on the first syllable, according to a very general 
rule in the language, 492 ; but this has produced an 
anomaly in pronunciation, for which, in my opinion, 
the accentual distinction of the noun and verb does not 
make amends : if we place the accent on the first syl- 
lable of the noun, the ey in the last must necessarily be 
pronounced like ey in barley, attorney, journey, &tc. 
Notwithstanding, therefore, this accentuation has num- 
bers to support it, I think it but a shortsighted emen- 
dation, and not worth adopting. All our orthoepists 
pronounce the verb with the accent on the last, except 
Fenning, who accents the first. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Scott, Mr. Nares, Dr. Ash, Perry, and Entick, [and 
Todd] accent the first syllable of the noun ; but Dr. 
Johnson and Bailey, the original lexicographers, accent 
the last. Dr. Kenrick does not accent the noun, and 
Barclay has not inserted it. W. 



-al. 



The same as 



SURVE'YAL*, sur-v3 
Barrow. 

SURVF/YOR, sur-v^'-ur. 166. n. s. An overseer : 
one placed to superintend others. Shak. A meas- 
urer of land. Shaltspeare. 

SURVEYORSHIP, s&r-va'-ur-ship. n. s. The of- 
fice of a surveyor. 

To SURVI'EW, sur-vu'. v. a. [surveoir, old Fr.] To 
overlook ; to have in view ; to survey. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

SURVI'EW*, sur-vu'. n. s. Survey. Sanderson. 
Ob. T. 

To SURV1SE*, sur-vlzc'. u. a. [snr and riser, Fr.] 
To look over. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

SURVI'VAL* sftr-vl'-val. )n. s. [svn-irance, 

SURVFVANCE*, sur-vl'-vanse. , Fr.] Survivor- 
ship. Sir G. Buck. 

ToSURVI'VES, sGr-vlve'. v.n. [supermvo, Lat. ; 
s7i?Tivre, Fr.J To live after the death of another 
Shak. To live after any thing. Spenser. To re- 
main alive. Pope. 

To SURVFVE, s&r-vlve'. v. a. To outlive. Watts. 

SURVIVER. or SURVIVOR* sur-vl'-vur. n. s. 
One who outlives another. Brovm. 

SURVI VERSHIP, > sur _ vI /_ vflr _ shm \n.s. The 

SURVIVORSHIP* ^ sQl ' * " vur - shl P- j state of 
outliving another. Ayliffe. 

SUSCEPTIBFLITY,sus-sep-te-b?l'-e-te. n. s. Qual- 
ity of admitting; tendency to admit. Hale. 

SUSCE'PTIBLE §, sus-sep'-te-bl. [See Incompa- 
rable.] a. [Fr.] Capable of admitting; disposed 
to admit. Wolton. 

{V^T" Dr. Johnson says, Prior has accented this word im- 
properly on the first syllable. To which observation. 
Mr. Mason adds, " Perhaps it is Johnson, who has im- 
properly placed the accent on the second syllable." It 
Mr. Mason were asked why, perhaps he would be puz- 
zled to answer. If it be said that usage is on the side 
of Prior, what shall we think of all our orthoepists whe 
have accented this word like Johnson? for thus we find 
the word accented by Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Perry, 
W. Johnston, Buchanan, and Barclay. Entick his, 
indeed, the accent on the first, but on the second ot sus- 
ceptive ; and, if usage alone is pleaded for the accent 
on the first, it may be answered, What can be a better 
proof of usage than the authors I have quoted ? But 
Mr. Nares, with his usual good sense, reprobates this 
accentuation on the first syllable, and says it is high 
time to oppose it. The only argument that can be al- 
leged for it is that which Mr. Elphinston has brought 
in favour of comparable, admirable, and acceptable, 
which is, that, when the accent is on the second syllable 
of these- words, they signify only a physical possibiiitv 
902 



sus 



SWA 



—- nA, move, nor, not •,— tube, tub, bfill;— 6il ;— pdfind ;— tlun, this. 



of being compared, admired, and accepted; but when 
the accent is on the first, they signify a fitness or wor- 
thiness of being compared, admired, and accepted. 
"Thus," says ho, "one thing is literal, y comparable 
with another, if it can be compared with it, though not 
perhaps comparable, that is, tit to be compared to it ; 
so a thing may be acceptable by a man, that is far from 
being acceptable to him."— Principles of the English 
Lamruairc, vol. i. page 169. This is the best reason I 
ever yet heard for this high accentuation; but how 
such a difference of pronunciation tends to perplex and 
obscure the meaning, may be seen under the word 
Howl: nor does the word in question seem susceptible 
of such a difference in the sense from a different ac- 
centuation. When poets are on the rack for a word 
of a certain length and a certain accent, it is charity to 
make allowances for their necessities; but no quarter 
should be given to coxcombs in prose, who have no bet- 
ter plea for a novelty of pronunciation, than a fop has 
for being the first in the fashion, however ridiculous 
and absurd. W. 

SUSCE'PTIBLENESS*. sfis-sep'-te-bl-nes. n. s. 
Susceptibility. 

SUSCE'PTION,sfis-sep'-shfin. n. s. [siisceptus, Lat.] 

Act of taking. Bp. Hall. 
SUSCEPTIVE, sfis-sep'-uV. 157. a. Capable to ad- 
mit. Fotherby. 
SUSCEPTT'VITY*, sfis-sep-tlv'-e-te. n.s. Capabili- 
ty of ad m i tti ng. Wollasion. 
SUSCE PTOR*, s&s-sep'-tftr. n. s. [Lat.] One who 

undertakes; a godfather. Puller. 
SUSCI'PIENCY, s&s-sip'-pe-en-se. n. s. Reception; 

admission. 
SUSCFPIENT§, sfis-slp'-pe-ent. n.s. [suscipiens, 
Lat.] One who lakes ; one that admits or receives. 
Bv. Taylor. 
SUSCI'PiENT*, sus-slp'-pe-ent. a. Receiving; ad- 
mitting. Barrow. 
ToSU'SCITATES, sus'-se-tate. 91- v. a. [susciter. 
Fr.j suscito, Lat.] To rouse; to excite. Sir T. 
Elyot. 
SUSCITA'TION, sus-se-ta'-sh&n. n.s. [Fr.] The act 

of rousing or exciting. Pearson. 
To SUSPE'CT $, sfis-pekt'. v. a. [suspkio, suspec- 
tum, Lat.] To imagine with a degree of fear and 
jealousy what is not known. Bacon. To imagine 
guilty without proof. Locke. To hold uncertain ; 
to doubt. Addison. 
To SUSPE'CT, sfis-pekt'. v. n. To imagine guilt. 

Shakspeare. 
SUSPE'CT, sfis-pekt'. part. a. [suspect, Fr.] Doubt- 
ful. Glanville. 
SUSPE'CT, sfis-pekt'. n. s. Suspicion ; imagination 

without proof. Sidney. Ob. J. 
SUSPE'CTABLE*, sfts-pek'-ta-bl. a. That may be 

suspected. Cotgruve. 
SUSPE'CTEDLY*, sfis-pek'-ted-le. ad. So as to be 
suspected; so as to excite suspicion. Bp. Taylor. 
SUSPE'CTEDNESS*, sus-pek'-led-nes. n. s. State 
of being suspected; state of being doubted. Dr. 
Robinson. 
SUSPE'CTER*, s&s-pek'-lur. n. s. One who sus- 
pects. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
SUSPE'CTFUL*, sus-pekt'-ful. a. Apt to suspect; 

apt to mistrust. Bailey. 
SUSPE'CTLESS*, sfis-pekt'-les. a. Not suspecting; 
without suspicion. Sir T. Herbert. Not suspected. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 
To SUSPE'ND$, sus-pend'. v. a. [sus}Kndre, Fr. ; 
suspmdo, Lat.] To hang ; to make to hang by any 
thing. Donne. To make to depend upon. Tillot- 
son. To interrupt ; to make to stop for a time. 
Milton. To delay ; to hinder from proceeding. 
Shakspeare. To keep undetermined. Locke. To 
debar for a time from the execution of an office or 
enjoyment of a revenue. Sanderson. 
SUSPENDER*, sfis-pen'-dur. n.s. One who sus- 
pends or delays. Mountagu. 
SUSPE'NSE. 'sus-pense'. n.s. [suspens, Fr.; sus- 
pensus, Lat.] Uncertainty; delay of certainty or 
determination ; indetermination. Hooker. Act of 
withholding the judgement. Locke. Slop in the 
midst of two opposites. Pope. 
SUSPE'NSE* s&s-peW. a. [suspensus, Lat.] Held 



from proceeding. MUlon. Held in doubt} held) 
in expectation. Hooker. 
SUSPENSION, sfis-pen'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Act of 
making to hang on anything. Pearson. Act of 
making to depend on any thing. Act of delaying. 
Waller. Act of withholding or balancing the judge- 
ment. Brown. Interruption ; temporary cessation. 
Clarendon. Temporary privation of an office : as, 
The clerk incurred suspension. 
SUSPE'NSlVE*.sfis-pen'-s1v. a. Doubtful. Beaum. 
SUSPENSORY, sfis-pen'-sfir-e. 512. [See Domks- 
tick.J a. [suspensoire, Fr.; suspensus, Lat.] Sus- 
pending ; belonging to that by which a thing hangs. 
Brown. Doubtful. Brown. 
SU'SPICABLE*, sfis'-pe-ka-bl. a. [suspicor, Lat.] 
That may be suspected ; liable to suspicion. More. 
SUSPI'CION$, sfis-pish'-fin. n. s. [Fr. ; suspicio, 
Lat.] The act of suspecting ; imagination of some- 
thing ill without proof. SiJney. 
SUSPI'CIOUS, sfis-p?sh'-fis. 314. a. [suspiciosus, 
Lat.] Inclined to suspect; inclined to imagine ill 
without proof. South. Indicating suspicion or fear. 
Swift. Liable to suspicion ; giving reason lo ima 
gine ill. Hooker. 
SUSPI'CIOUSLY.. sfis-plsh'-fis-le. ad. With suspi- 
cion. So as to raise suspicion. Sidney. 
SUSPICIOUSNESS, sfis-pfsh'-us-nes. n. s. Ten- 
dency to suspicion. Sidney. 
SUSPI'RAL*, s&s-pl'-ral. n. s. A spring of water 
passing underground towards a conduit or cistern; 
also, a breathing-hole or ventiduct. Clutmbers. 
SUSPIRA'TIOIN, sfis-pe-ra'-shfin. n. s. [suspiratio, 
from suspiro, Lat.] Sigh ; act of fetching the breath 
deep. Shakspeare. 
ToSUSPl'RES, sus-pW. v.n. [suspiro, Lat.] To 
sigh ; to fetch the breath deep. To breathe. Sliak. 
SUSPIRED*, sfis-plrd'. part. a. Wished for} de- 
sired earnestly : a latinism. Wotlon. 
To SUSTAIN §, sus-tane'. v. a. [souslenir, Fr. ; sus- 
tineo, Lat.] To bear ; to prop ; to hold up. More 
To support ; to keep from sinking under evil. 
Holder. To maintain ; to keep. Milton, To help ; 
to relieve; to assist. Shak. To bear ; to endure. 
Dryden. To bear without yielding. Waller. To 
suffer; to bear as inflicted. Shakspeare. 
SUSTA'IN*, sfis-tane'. n. s. What' sustains or sup- 
ports. Milton. Ob. T. 
SUSTAINABLE, sus-ta'-na-bl.a. [soustenable, Fr.} 

That may be sustained. 
SUSTA'INER, s&s-ta'-n&r. 98. n. s. One that props; 
one that supports. More. One that surfers ; a suf- 
ferer. Chapnuxn. 
SU'STENANCE, sfis'-te-nanse. n. s. [soustenemce, 
Fr.] Support ; maintenance. Sidney. Necessaries 
of life; victuals. Temple. 
SUSTE'NTACLE*, sfis-ten'-ta-kl. n. s. [sustenta- 
culum, Lat.] Support. More. Ob. T. 
SUSTENTA'TION, sus-ten-ta'-shnn. n. s. [Fr. ; 
from sustento, Lat.] Support; preservation from 
falling. Boyle. Use of victuals. Brown. Mainte- 
nance; support of life. Bacon. 
SUSURRATION, su-sfir-ra'-shun. [See Mucu- 
lent.] n.s. [susurro, Lat.] Whisper; soft murmur. 
SUTE, sute. n. s. [for suite.] Sort. Hooker. 
SUTILE*, su'-tll. a. [sutilis, Lat.] Done by stitch- 
ing. Bosicell. 
SU'TLER, sfit'-l&r. 98. n. s. [soeteler, Dutch ; sud- 
ler, Germ.] A man that sells provisions and liquor 
in a camp. Shakspeare. 
SU'TURATED*, su'-tshu-ra-ted. a. [sutura, Lat.] 

Stitched or knit together. Sn.ith. 
SU'TURE, su'-tshure. 4G3. n. s. [Fr. ; sutura, L<i'.] 
A manner of sewing or stitching, particularly of 
stitching wounds- Sharp. A particular articula- 
tion : the bones of the cranium are joined to one 
another by four sutures. Quincy. 
SWAB$,sw&b. 85. n.s. [swabb, Swed.] A kind of 

mop to clean floors. 
roSWAB, swob. r. a. [rpebban, Sax.] To clean 

with a mop. Shtirock. Used chiefly at sea. 
SWA'BBER, sw6b-bfir. 98. n. s. [Dutch.] A sweep- 
er of the deck. Sluxkspeare. 
903 



SWA 



SWA 



ICT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n 



SWAD*, sw6d. n. s. [ppeSan, Sax.] A peasecod 
Cotgrave. A squab, or short, fat person. B. Jonson, 
To SWA'DDLE §, sw&d'-dl. 405. v. a. [ppeSan, 
Sax.] To swathe 3 to bind in clothes : generally 
used of binding- new-born children. Bp. Taylor. 
To beat 3 to cudgel. Sir J. Harington. 
SWA'DDLE, sw6d / -dl. 405. n.s. [rpeeSil, Sax.] 

Clothes bound round the body. Addison. 
SWA'DDLINGBAND, sw&d'-lmg-band. ) 
SWA'DDLINGCLOTH, sw&d'-lmg-kl&tfi. S- n. s. 
SWA'DDLINGCLOUT, swad'-llng-klout. ) 

Cloth wrapped round a new-born child. Spenser. 
To SWAG§, swag. 85. v.n. [pi^an, Sax. 3 sweigia, 
Icel.] To sink down by its weight ; to hang heavy. 
Woiton. 
SWA'GBELLIED*, swag'-bSl-fid. a. Having a 

large belly. Shakspeare. 
To SWAGE §, swaje. v. a. [from assuage.] To 
ease 3 to soften j to mitigate; to appease 3 to quiet. 
Milton. 
To SWAGE*, swaje. ». n. To abate. Barret. 
To SWA'GGER^,' swag'-g&r. 98. v. n. [swadderen, 
Dutch; rpe^an. Sax.] To bluster; to bully; to 
be turbulently and tumultuously proud and insolent. 
Shakspeare. 
SWA'GGERER, swag'-gur-fir. 383. n. s. A blus- 
terer; a bully; a turbulent, noisy fellow. Sliak. 
SWA GGY, swag'-ge. 383. a. [from swag.] De- 
pendent by its weight. Brown. 
SWAIN §, swane. 202, 383. n. s. [ppein, Sax. and 
Runick ; swen, Su. Goth. ; swaina, Lappon. ; ppan 



Sax.] A young man. Spenser. 



A country servant 
A pastoral youth. 



employed in husbandry. Shak 
Pope. 

SWA'INISH*, swa'-nlsh. a. Rustick; ignorant. Mil- 
ton. 

SWAINMOTE, swane'-m&te. n.s. [swainmotus, 
law Lat. from ppan, Sax.] A court touching mat- 
ters of the forest, kept by the charter of the forest 
thrice in the year. Cowel. 

To SWAIP*, swape. v. n. To walk proudly : in onr 
northern dialect ior sweep. 

To SWALE, swale. )v.n. [r-pelan, Sax.] To 

To SWEAL, swele. 227. \ waste or blaze away; 
to melt : as, The candle swales. Pluxer. 

'To SWALE*, swale, r. a. To consume ; to waste. 
Congreve. 

SWA'LLET, swol'-let. n. s. [swall, Swed.] Among 
the tin-miners, water breaking in upon the miners 
at their work. Bailey. 

SWA'LLOW, swol'-lo. 327. n. s. [ppalepe, Sax. ; 
suiala, Su. Goth.] A small bird of passage ; or, as 
seme say, a bird that lies hid and sleeps in the win- 
ter. Shakspeare. 

To SWA'LLOW §, sw&l'-lo. v. a. [j-pelffan, Sax. ; 
sicelgen, Dutch.] To take down the throat. Locke. 
To receive without examination. Locke. To en- 
gross ; to appropriate. 2 Sam. To absorb; to 
take in; to sink in any abyss; to engulf. 1 Cor. 
xv. To occupy. Locke. To seize and waste. 
Thomson. To engross; to engage completely. 
Isaiah. 

SWA'LLOW, swal'-lo. 85. n.s. [swalg, Su. Goth.] 
The throat ; voracity. South. A gulf ; a whirl- 
pool. Chaucer. 

SWA'LLOWTAIL, swoF-16-tale. n. s. A species 
of willow. Bacon. 

SWA'LLOWWORT, sw&l'-lo-wurt. n.s. A plant. 

SWAM, swam, [ppam, Sax.] The preterit of swim. 

SWAMP §, sw&mp. n. s. [swamms, Goth. ; ppam, 
Sax. ; swamme, Dutch ; suomp, Dan. ; swamp, 
Swed.] A marsh; a bog; a fen. Goldsmith. 

To SWAMP*, sw&mp. r.a. To whelm or sink as in 
a swamp. 

SWAMPY, swom'-pe. a. Boggy ; fenny. Thomson. 

SWAN$, sw&n. 85. n. s. [ppan, Sax. ; suan, Dan. ; 
swaen, Dutch.] A large water-fowl, that has a long 
neck, and is very white, excepting when it is 
young. Its legs and feet are black, as is its bill, 
which is like that of a goose. Swans use wings 
like sails, so that they are driven along in the wa- 
ter. The swan is reckoned by Moses among the 



ly the wings with noise ; to strike the air. More. 
SWAP*, swop. 



n. s. A blow : a stroke. Beaumont 



unclean creatures 3 but it was consecrated to Apol- 
lo, the god of musick, because it was said to sing 
melodiously when it was near expiring : a tradi 
tion, generally received, but fabulous. Calmet. 

SWA'NSKIN, sw&n'-skin. n. s. A kind of soft fian 
nel, imitating for warmth the down of a swan. 

To SWAP §*, swop. 85. v. a. [swipa, Icel.; -ppapan, 
Sax.] To strike with a long or sweeping stroke; to 
strike against ; to throw violently. Chaucer. 

To SWAP*, sw&p. r. n. To fall down. Cliaucer. To 

Pa' 

and Fletcher. 
SWAP, swop. ad. Hastily ; with hasty violence : as 

He did it swap : a low word. 

To SWAP, swop. v.a. To exchange. See To Swop 

SWARD §, sward, n. s. [sward, Swed. ; ppeapb, 

Sax.] The skin of bacon. Brewer. The surface of 

the ground; whence green sward, or green sicord. 

A. Philips. 

To SWARD, sward, v. n. To breed a green turf. 

Mortimer. 
SWARE, sware. The preterit of swear. 
SWARM§, swarm. 85. n.s. [pyeapm,Sax.; swerm, 
Dutch ; swaern, Swed.] A great body or number 
of bees or other small animals, particularly those 
bees that migrate from ibe hive. Dryden. A mul- 
titude ; a crowd. Shakspeare. 
To SWARM, swarm, v. n. [rpeapman, Sax.; swer- 
men, Dutch.] To rise as bees in a body and quit 
the hive. Dryden. To appear in multitudes ; to 
crowd ; to throng. Slmk. To be crowded ; to be 
overrun ; to be thronged. Spenser. To breed mul- 
titudes. Milton. 
To SWARM*, swarm, v. a. To press close together, 

as bees in swarming ; to throng. Sackville. 
SWART $, swart. ) a. [swarts, Goth. ; ppeapt, 
SWA RTH $, swart/i. $ Sax. ; snail, Dutch.] Black 3 
darkly brown ; tawny. Spenser. Gloomy ; malig- 
nant. Milton. 
To SWART, swart, v. a. To blacken 3 to dusk. 

Brown. 
SWARTH*, swart/i. n. s. A row of grass or corn 
cut down by the mower : a different spelling of 
swath. Pope. 
SWARTH*, or SWAIRTH*, swart/i. n. s. [per- 
haps from ppeanfc, Sax.] The apparition of a per- 
son about to die, as pretended in parts of the north. 

SWA'RTHILY, swar'-f/ie-le. ad. Blackly 3 duskily; 

tawnily. 
SWA'RTHINESS, swar'-^e-n^s. n. s. Darkness 

of complexion 3 tawniness. Feltham. 
SWA'RTHY, swar'-*/ie. a. Dark of complexion 3 

black 3 dusky 5 tawny. Roscommon. 
To SWA'RTHY*, swar'-tfie. o. a. To blaccen 3 to 

make swarthy or dusky. Cowley. 
SWA'RTINESS*, swar'-te-nes. >n. s. Darkness of 
SWA'RTNESS* swart'-nes. $ colour; duski- 
ness. Sherwood. 
SWARTISH*, swar'-tfsh. a. Somewhat dark or 

dusky ; inclining to black. Bullem. 
SWA'RTY*, swar'-te. a. Swarthy : than which it is 

an older word. Burton. 
To SWARVE*, swarv. v. n. To swerve : which see. 

Spenser. 
SWASH, sw&sh. n. s. A figure, whose circumference 

is not round, but oval ; and whose mouldings lie not 

at right angles, but oblique to the axis of the work. 

Moxon. 
To SWASH $, swosh. v. n. [swetsen, Teut.] To 

make a great clatter or noise ; to make a show of 

valour ; to vapour ; to bully : whence a swash-buck 

ler. Shakspeare. 
SWASH, sw&sh. n. s. A blustering noise, in order 

to make a show of valour. The Three Ladies of 

London. Impulse of water flowing with violence 

Diet. 
SWASH*, sw&sh. )a. Sou", like fruit too ripe 

SWA'SHY* sw&sh'-e. ( Pegge. 
SWASHBUCKLER* sw&sh-bfik'-ler. n. s. A kind 

of sword-player 3 a braggadocio; a bully. Milton. 
904 



SWE 



SWE 



•no. move, n6r, not; — tu.be, t&b, bull;— 611; — pdund; — </iin, mis. 



SWA'SHER, sw6sh'-iV. «. s. One who makes a 

show of valour or force of arms. Shakspeare. 
SWAT*, swat. ) . r _ , „, 

SW ATE*, swale. {/»*<• of r ° ««**• C'aww. 
SWATCH, swotsh. w. s. A swathe. TWr. 0/>. J. 
SWATH §, sw6*/«. h. *-. fcwxufe, Dutch.] A line of 
grass or com cut down by the mower. Tusser. A 
continued quantity. Shak. [rueSe, j-uwJJil, Sax.] 
A band; a fillet. Grew. 
To SWATHE, swiiTne. 467. v. a. [ppeban, Sax.] 
To bind, as a child with bands and rollers. To 
confine. Bp. Hopkins. 
To SWAY S. swa. v. a. [schwebeti, Germ. ; sweigia, 
Icel.; swiga, Su. Goth.] To wave in the hand; to 
move or wield any thing' massy : as, to sway the 
sceptre. Spenser. To bias ; to direct to either side. 
Shak. To govern ; to rule ; to overpower ; to influ- 
ence. Shakspeare. 
To SWAY, swa. v. n. To hang heavy; to be drawn 
by weight. Bacon. To have weight ; to have in- 
fluence. Hooker. To bear rule ; to govern. Shak. 
To incline to one side. 
SWAY, swa. 7?. 5. The swing or sweep of a wea- 
pon. Millon. Any thing moving- with bulk and 
power, Shak. Weight ', preponderation ; cast of 
Ihc balance. Milton. Power ; rule ; dominion. 
Hooker. Influence ; direction ; weight on one side. 
Sidney. 
To SWEAL. See To Swale. 
To SWEAR$, sware. 240. v. n. preler. sicore or 
swore ; part. pass, sworn, [swaran, Goth. ; rpepian, 
Sax. ; sweeten, Dutch.] To obtest some superiour 
power; to utter an oath. Numbers. To declare or 
promise upon oath. Genesis. To give evidence 
upon oath. Shak. To obtest the great name pro- 
fanely. Tillotson. 
To SWEAR, sware. 240. v. a. To put to an oath; 
to bind by an oath administered. Exod. xiii. To 
declare upon oath : as, Hesvjore treason against his 
friend. 1 o obtest by an oath. Shakspeare. 
SWE'ARER, swi'-rur. 98. n. s. A wretch who ob- 
tests the great name wantonly and profanely. Her- 
bert. 
SWE ARING* swa'-rmg. n. s. The act of declar- 
ing upon oath; the act or practice of using profane 
oaths. Jer. xxiii. 
SWEAT $, swet. 234. n. s. [ppeac, Sax. ; swett, Su. 
Goth. ; zet, Hebrew.] The matter evacuated at the 
pores by heat or labour. Bacon. Labour ; toil ; 
drudgery. 2 Mace. ii. Evaporation of moisture. 
Mortimer. 
To SWEAT, swe't. v. n. pret. swat or svxtte, swet, 
sweated ; particip. pass, sicealen. [jpaeian, Sax.] 
To be moist on the body with heat or labour. Shak. 
To toil; to labour; to drudge. Milton. To emit 
moisture. Bacon. 
To SWEAT, swe't. v. a. To emit as sweat. Dryden. 

To make to sweat. 
SWE'ATJKR, swet'-fir. 98. n.s. One who sweats, 

or makes to sweat. Spectuior. 
SWE'ATiLY*, swet'-te-le. ad. So as to be moist 

with sweat ; in a sweatv state. 
SWE'ATINESS*, swet'-te-nes. n. s. The state of 

being sweaty. Ash. 
SWE'ATlNG*, swet' -ting. n. s. [rpaetunS, Sax.] 
The act of making to sweat. Moisture emitted. 
Mortimer. 
SWE'ATY, swet'-te. a. [rpafci^, Sax.] Covered 
with sweat; moist with sweat. Shak. Consisting 
of sweat. Swift. Laborious ; toilsome. Prior. 
SWEDE*, swede, n.s. A native of Sweden. Milton. 
SWE'DISH*, swe'-dish. a. Respecting the Swedes. 

Percy. 
To SWEEPS, sweep. 246. v. a. pret. and part. pass. 
swept, [rpapan, ppeopan, Sax.] To drive away 
with a besom. To clean with a besom. St. Luke, xv. 
To carry with pomp. Sfiak. To drive or carry off 
with celerity and violence. Judges, v. To pass over 
with celerity and force. May. To rub over. Dry- 
den. To strike with a longstroke. Pope. 
To SWEEP, sweep, v. n. To pass with violence, 
tumult, or swiftness. Prov. xxviii. To pass with 
114 



sweeps. 
That which 



pomp ; to pass with an equal motion. Shak. To 
move with a long reach. Dryden. 

SWEEP, sweep, n. s. The act of sweeping. The 
compass of any violent or continued motion. Vio- 
lent and general destruction. Graunt. Direction 
of any motion not rectilinear. Sharp. 

SWEETER, swe'-pftr. n. s. One that 

Barret. 
, SWEETINGS, sweep -?ngz. 410. n. 

is swept away. SwiJ't. 
I SWEE'PNET, swecp'-net. n. s. A net that takes in 
a great compass. Camden. 

SWEE'PSTAKE, sweep'-stake. n. s. [sweep and 
stake.] Originally, perhaps, a game at cards; it is 
now applied to the winner of the whole that is 
staked or wagered, and is a common phrase at 
horse-races, usually called sweepstakes. Shakspeare. 

SWEETY, sweep'-e. a. Passing with great speed 
and violence over a great compass at once. Dry- 
den. Wavy. Pope. Strutting ; drawn out. Dry- 
den. 

SWEET $, sweet. 246. a. [jpefce, Sax. ; soet, Dutch.] 
Pleasing to any sense. Waits. Luscious to the 
taste. Davits. Fragrant to the smell. Bacon. Me- 
lodious to the ear. Milton.. Beautiful to the eye. 
Shak. Not salt. Bacon. Not sour. Bacon. Mild; 
soft; gentle. Shale. Grateful; pleasing. Chapman. 
Not stale ; not stinking : as, That meat is sweet. 

SWEET, sweet, n. s. Sweetness; something pleas- 

. ing. Shak. A word of endearment. Shale. A 
perfume. Dryden. 

SWEE'TBREAD, sweet'-breU n.s. The pancreas 
of the calf. Harvey. 

SW r EE'TBRlER, sweet'-brl-fir. n, s. A fragrant 
shrub. Bacon. 

SWEETBRO'OM, sweet'-broom. n.s. An herb. 
Ainsworth. 

SWEETCI'CELY, sweet-sis'-e-le. n. s. A plant. 
Miller. 

SWE ETCI'STUS*. sweet-sfs'-tus. 
called, also, gumcistus. Mason. 

To SWEE'TEN, sweet'-t'n. 103. v. a. To make 
sweet. Sidney. To make mild or kind. SouUi. 
To make less painful. Sidney. To palliate ; to 
reconcile. L' Estrange. To make grateful or pleas- 
ing. B. Jonson. To soften 



A shrub, 



Dryde 



to make delicate. 



To SWEE'TEN, sweet'-t'n. v. n. To grow sweet 
Bacon. 

SWEE'TENER, sweet'-t n-ur. n. s. One that palli 
ates; one that represents things tenderly. Swift 
That which contemperates acrimony. Temple. 

SWEE'THEART, sweet'-hart. n. s. A lover or mis- 
tress. Shakspeare. 

SWEE'TING, sweet'-hig. 410. n.s. A sweet, luscious 
apple. Ascham. A word of endearment. Shak. 

SWEE'TISH, sweet'-ish. a. Somewhat sweer 
Floyer. 

SWEE'TISHNESS*, sweet'-fsh-nes. n. s. Quality 
of being somewhat sweet. Bp. Berkeley. 

SWEE'TLY, sweet'-le. ad. [r-pefclice, Sax.] In a 
sweet manner; with sweetness. Canticles. 

SWEETMA'RJORAM*. See Marjoram. 
! SWEE'TMEAT, sweet'-mete. n. s. Delicacies made 
of fruits preserved with sugar. Sidney. 

SWEE'TNESS, sweet'-nes. n. s. [ppefcnerre, 
Sax.] The quality of being sweet in any of its 
senses; fragrance ; melody ; lusciousness ; delicious- 
ness; agreeableness; delightfulness; gentleness of 
manners; mildness of aspect. Sidney. 

SWEET WI'LLI AM, sweet-wll'-yum. n.s. A plant. 
Draiiton. 

SWEETWI'LLOW, sweet-wil'-l6. n. s. Gale or 
Dutch myrtle. 

To SWELLS, sw&l. r. n. part. pass, swollen. []*pel- 
lan, Sax. ; swellen, Dutch.] To grow bigger ; to 
grow turgid ; to extend the parts. Dryden. To tu- 
mify by obstruction. Shak. To be exasperated. 
Shak. To look big. Shak. To be turgid. Ros- 
common. To protuberate. Isaiah, xxx. To rise 
into arrogance ; to be elated. Dryden. To be in- 
flated with anger. Psalm xii. To grow upon th« 
905 



— 



SWI 



SWI 



O 3 559. — Fate, fir, fill, fat; — me, mel ;— pine, pin ;- 



view. Shak. It implies commonly a notion of 
something wrong - . Addison. 
To SWELL, swell, v. a. To cause to rise or in- 
crease 5 to make tumid. Shak. To aggravate ; to 
heie-hten. Atterbury. To raise to arrogance. Clar- 
endon. 
SWELL, swell, n. s. Extension of bulk. Shak. The 
fluctuating motion of the sea, after the expiration 
of a storm ; also, the surf. 
SWE'LLING, swel'-llng. 410. n. s. Morbid tumour. 
Blackmore. -Protuberance ; prominence. Newton. 
Effort for a vent. Tatter. 
To SWELT, swelt. v. n. Perhaps to break out in 
sweat. Johnson. (I rather take it for a poetical 
variation of swelled. Todd.) Spenser. 
To SWELT §*, swelt. v. n. [ppelfcan, Sax.; swil- 

ian, Goth.] To faint; to swoon. Chaucer. 
To SWELT*, swelt. v. a. To overpower, as with 

heat; to cause to faint. Bp. Hall. 
To SWE'LTER $, swel'-tur. 98. v. n. [from swelt.] 

To be pained with heat. Chalkhill. * 

To SWE'LTER, swel'-tur. t>. a. To parch, or dry 

up with heat. Bentley. 
SWE'LTRY, sweF-tre. a. Suffocating with heat, 
SWEPT, swept. The participle and preterit of 

sweep, 
SWERD. See Sward. 
To SWERD. See To Sward. 
To SWERVE §, sw£rv. v. n. [swerven, Saxon and 
Dutch.] To wander; to rove. Sidney. To deviate ; 
to depart from rule, custom, or duty. Hooker. To 
ply ; to bend. Milton. To climb on a narrow 
body. Dryden. 
SWE'RVING*, swer'-vlng. n, s. The act of depart- 

ing from rule, custom, or duty. Hooker. 
SWE'VEN*. n. s. [rperen, Sax.] A dream. Wic- 

li/fe. Ob. T. 
SWlFT$, swift, a. [pprpfc, Sax.; swipan, Icel.] 
Moving far in a short time ; quick \ fleet ; speedy ; 
nimble; rapid. Shak. Ready ; prompt. James, i. 
SWIFT, swift, n. s. The currert of a stream. Walton. 
SWIFT, swift, n. s. A bird like a swallow ; a mar- 
ten. Derham. 
SWFFTFOOT*, swlft'-fut. a. Nimble. Mirror far 

Magistrates. 
SWFFTHEELED*,swnV-heeld. a. [swift and heel.] 

Swiftfoot ; rapid ; quick. Habington. 
SWFFTLY, swift'-le. ad. [ r pipc-Iice, Sax.] Fleet- 
ly ; rapidly ; nimbly ; with celerity ; with velocity. 
Bacon. 
SWFFTNESS, swlft'-nes. n.s. [ppiptneppe, Sax.] 
Speed ; nimbleness ; rapidity ; quickness ; velocity; 
celerity. Sliakspeare. 
TV SWIG §, swig. v. n. [swiga, Icel. ; ppilg'an, Sax.] 

To drink by large draughts. 
To SWIG*, swig. v. a. To suck greedily. Creech. 
..3WIG*, swig. n. s. A large draught : as, He took a 

good swig : a low expression. 
To SWILL §, swill. t>. a. [rpiltfan, Sax.] To drink 
luxuriously and grossly. Arbuthnot. To wash ; to 
drench. Slvxk. To inebriate; to swell with pleni- 
tude. Milton. 
To SWILL*, swill. t\ n. To be intoxicated. Whately. 
SWILL, swill. n. s. Drink, grossly poured down; 

hogwash. Mortimer. 
SWFLLER, swll'-lur. 98. n. s. A notorious drunk- 
ard; called also, in our old' lexicography, a swil- 
bcnol and a swilpot. Barret. 
SWI'LLINGS*, swli'-llngz. n. s. Hogwash. Sher- 
wood. 
To SWIM§, swim. v. n. preterit swam, sworn, or 
swum, [ppimman, Sax. ; swemmen, Dutch.] To 
float on the water ; not to sink. Shak. To move 

f»rogressively in the water by the motion of the 
imbs. Acts, xxvii. To be conveyed by the stream. 
Dryden. To glide along with a smooth or dizzy 
motion. Shak. To be dizzy ; to be vertiginous. 
To be floated. Addison. To have abundance of 
any quality ; to flow in any thing. Milton. 
To SWIM, swim. v. a. To pass by swimming. Dry- 
den. 
SWIM, swim. n. s. A kind of smoothly sliding mo- 



tion. B. Jonson. The bladder of fishes by which 
they are supported in the water. Grew. 

SWFMMER, swim'-mQr. 98. n. », One who swims. 
Bacon. A protuberance in the leg of a horse. 
Earner's Diet. 

SWFMMING*, swlm'-mlng. n.s. The act of floating 
on the water, or of moving progressively in the 
water bv the motion of the limbs. Dizziness. Dinid. 

SWFMM'INGLY, swW-mtng-le. ad. Smoothly; 
without obstruction. Arbuthnot. 

To SWINDLE*, swln'-dl. 405. v. a. To cheat; to 
impose upon the credulity of mankind, and thereby 
to defraud the unwary by false, pretences and ficti- 
tious assumptions. James, Military Diet. 

SWFNDLER*, swln'-dl&r. n. s. [schwindler, Germ.] 
A sharper ; a cheat. James, Military Diet. 

SWINE §, swine, n.s. [ppin, Sax. ; swyn.. Dutch; 
swein, M. Goth.] A hog; a pig. A creature re- 
markable for stupidity and nasliness. Shakspeare. 

SWFNEBREAD, swlne'-bred. n.s. A kind of plant; 
truffles. Bailey. 

SWFNEGRASS, swlne'-gras. n. s. An herb. 

SWFNEHERD, swlne'-he>d. n. s. [yjin and hypb, 
Sax.] A keeper of hogs. Broome. 

&5= This word, in the north of England, is pronounced 
swinnard, and shows the tendency of our language to 
shorten the simple in the compound. — See Principles, 
No. 515. W. 

SWFNEPIPE, swlne'-plpe. n. s. A bird of the thrush 
kind. Bailey. 

SWFNESTY*, swlne'-stl. n. s. A hogsty ; a place 
in which swine are shut to be fed. Prompt. Parv. 

To SWING?, swing; 410. v.n. [rpyatfan, Sax.] 
To wave to and fro hanging loosely. Boyle. To 
fly backward and forward on a rope. 

To SWING, swing, v. a. preterit swang, swung. To 
make to play loosely on a string. To whirl round 
in the air. Milton. To wave loosely. Dryden. 

SWING, swing, n. s. Motion of any thing hanging 
loosely. Bacon. A line on which any thing hangs 
loose. Influence or power of a body put in motion. 
Brown. Course; unrestrained liberty; abandon- 
ment to any motive. Chapman. Unrestrained ten- 
dency. Ascham. 

To SWINGE §, swlnje. v. a. (jpingan, Sax.] To 
whip; tobastinade; to punish. Shak. To move 
as a lash. Milton. 

SWINGE, swlnie. n.s. [pping, Sax.] A sway; a 
sweep of any thing in motion. Waller. Ob. J. 

SWFNGEBUCKLER, swlnje-buk'-lur. n. s. [swinge 
and buckler.] A bully; a man who pretends to 
feats of arms. Shakspeare. 

SWFNGER, swlng'-ur. 98. n. s. [from swing.] One 
who swings; a hurler. Bale, [from swinge.] {su-in' 
■fur.) A great falsehood : a low expression. Echa.ru 

SWFNGING,swln / -jlng.a. Great; huge. Tubervik 

SWFNGINGLY, swln'-jlng-le. ad. Vastly; greatly. 
Swift. 

To SWFNGLE, swlng^-gl. v. n. To dangle; to wave 
hanging. To swing in pleasure. To rough-dress 
flax. Grose. 

SWFNISH, swl'-nlsh. a. Befitting 1 swine; resem 
bling swine; gross; brutal. Milton. 

To SWINK $, swink. v. n. Jjpincan, SaxJ To la 
bour ; to toil ; to drudge. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To SWINK,. swink. v. a. To overlabour. Milton 
Ob. J. 

SWINK, swink. n.s. [rpinc, Sax.] Labour;, toil; 
drudgery. Spenser. Ob. J. 

SWFNKER*, swlnk'-flr. n.s. A labourer; a plough- 
man. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

SWIPES*, swlps. n. s. Bad small-beer. 

SWFPPER*, swlp'-p&r. a. [ppipan, Sax.] Nimble; 
quick. Prompt. Parv. 

SWISS*, swls. ) it. s. A native of Switzer- 

SWFTZER*, swlt'-zur. \ land- Abp. Usher. 

SWISS*, swls. a. Of or belonging to Switzerland, 
Addison. 

SWITCH $, swltsh. n. s. [sivaig, sweg, Su. Goth.] A 
small, flexible twig. Shakspeare. 

To SWITCH, swltsh. v. a. To lash ; to jerk. Chap~ 
man. 

906 



swo 



sra 



— n6, mdve, n6r, not ;— tube, tflb, bull ;— dil ;— pdfind ;— */iin, THis 



To SWITCH*, swftsh. v.n. To walk with a kind of 

jerk. 
SWITHE*. ad. [rpiSe, Sax.l Hastily. Wiclife. 

SWI'VEL, swiv'-vl. 102. n.s. [sweif, Icel.] Something 
fixed iu another body so as to turn round in it. A 
small cannon, which turns on a swivel. 

SWOBBER-swob'-bur. n. s. A sweeper of the deck. 
Dryden. Four privileged cards that are only in- 
cidentally used in betting at the game of whist. 
Sic (ft 



Sax.] Spenser. 

SWOM, sw6m. The preterit of swim'. Shakspeare. 

To SWOON $. sw66n. 475. v.n. [appunan, Sax.] 
To suffer a suspension of thought and sei.sation ; 
to faint. Shakspeare. 

35= This word should be carefully distinguished in the 
pronunciation from soon .• the w, as Mr. Nares justly 
observes, is effective, and should be heard. It would 
have been beneath a dictionary of the least credit to 
take notice of a vulgar pronunciation of this word as 
if written sound, if it had not been adopted by one of 
our orthoepists. The same observation holds good of 
the following word, [swoop] which must not be pro- 
nounced exactly like soop. W. 

SWOON, sw66n. n. s. A lipothymy ; a fainting fit. 

SWOO'NING*,sw6on'-?ng. n.s. The act of fainting;. 
Bp. Hall. 

To SWOOP y, swoop. 306. v. a. [the same as sweep.'] 
To seize by falling at once, as a hawk upon his prey. 
Wilkins. To prey upon ; to catch up. Glcmville. 

To SWOOP, swodp. v. 7i. To pass with pomp. 
Drayton. 

SWOOP, swSSp. n.s. Fall of a bird of pnjy upon 
his quarry. Shakspeare. 

To SWOP y, sw6p. v. a. [of uncertain derivation.] To 
change; to exchange one thing for another. Dry- 
den. A low word. 

SWOP, swop. n. s. An exchange. Spectator. 

SWORD y, sdrd. 475. n. s. [rpeopb, Sax. ; sweerd, 
Dutch.] A weapon used either in cutting or thrust- 
ing; the usual weapon of fights hand to hand. 
Shak. Destruction by war : as, fire and sword. 
Deut. xxxii. Vengeance of justice. Dryden. Em- 
blem of authority. Hudibras. 

SWO'RDED, sord'-Sd. a. Girt with a sword. Milton. 

SWO'RDER, 36rd-'-fir. 98. n. s. A cut-throat ; a sol- 
dier. Shakspeare. 

SWO'RDFISH, s6rd'-f Ish. n. s. A fish with a long, 
sharp bone issuing from his head. Spenser. 

SWO'RDGRASS,s6rd'-gras. ?i.s. A kind of sedge; 
glader. Ainsworth. 

SWO'RDKNOT, s6rd / -not. n. s. Riband tied to the 
hilt of the sword. Pope. 

SWO'RDLAW, s6rd'-law. n. s. Violence; the law 
by which all is vielded ro the stronger. Milton. 

SWORDMAN. sOrd'-man. n.s. Soldier; fighting 
man. Sliakspeare. 

$5° I see no good reason why we should not write and 
pronounce swordsman and gownsman, rather than 
siDordman and gownman, though Johnson produces his 
authorities for the latter orthography from good au- 
thors. The s seems to have intervened naturally be- 
tween the mute and the liquid, to facilitate the pro- 
nunciation, as in statesman, sportsman, huntsman, 
and sometimes between two liquids, as toionsman, 
salesman, &c. But Dr. Johnson's sense of the word 
swordman, meaning a man of the profession of the 
sword, or a soldier, is now obsolete: we now never 
hear the word but as signifying a man expert in the 
use of the sword ; and in this sense he is always called 
a swordsman. W. 

SWOTUDPLAYER, sord'-pla-fir. n.s. [sword and 
play.] Gladiator; fencer; one who exhibits in 
publick his skill at the weapons by fighting prizes. 
Hakewill. 

SWORE, swore. The preterit of swear, [rpop., 
SaxJ Milton. 

SWORN, sw6rn. The part. pass, of swear. Shak. 
To S WOUND*, v. n. To swoon. Shakspeare. 

SWUM, swum. Preterit and part. pass, of swim. 
Milton. 



SWUNG, swung. 410. Preterit and part, pass of 
siring. Addison. 

SYB, sib. a. Properly sib ; which see. 

SY'BARITEt, s)b'-a-rlte. 156. n. s. An inhabitant 
of Sybaris, a once powerful city of Calabria, whose 
inhabitants were proverbially effeminate and luxu- 
rious; one of whom is said to have been unable to 
sleep all night, because the bed of roses, on which 
he lav, had one of its leaves doubled under him. 

SYBARPTICAL*, sib-a-rit'-e-kal. ) a. [from the 

SYBARFT1CK*, sib-a-ril'-ik. \ Sybarite, : n- 
habitants of Sybaris, so given to voluptuousness, 
that their luxury became proverbial.] Luxurious; 
wanton. Bp. Hall. 

SY'CAMINE, slk'-a-mine. )n.s. [cvk6uooos, Gr. ; 

SY'CAMORE, sik'-a-more. $ picomop, Sax.] A 
tree. Mortimer. 

SY'COPHANCY*, sik'-o-fan-se. n.s. The practice 
of an informer. Bp. Hall. The practice of a flat- 
terer. Warburton. 

SY'COPHANT y , shV-6-fant. n.s. [sycophanta,hat.', 
avKOfpdvrns, Gr.] A talebearer ; a makebate ; a 
malicious parasite. Sidney. 

To SY'COPHANT, sSk'-O-fant. v.n. [cvKofavriw.] 
To play the sveophant. Govern, of the Tongue. 

To SYCOPHANT*, sl¥-6-fant. v. a. To calumni- 
ate. Milton. Ob. T. 

SYCOPHA'NTICAL* sik-o-fan'-te-kal. a. Meanly 
officious; basely parasitical. South. 

SYCOPHA'NTICK, s'ik-o-fan'-ljk. a. Talebearing 
mischievously officious. Fawning. Mason. 

To SY'CQPHANTISE, snV-6-fan-tlze. v. n. To 
play the talebearer. Did. 

SY'COPHANTRY*, sik'-o-fan-tre. n. s. A malig- 
nant tale-bearing". Barrow. 

SYLLA'BICAL, sll-lab'-e-kal. a. Relating to sylla- 
bles; consisting of syllables. Leslie. 

SYLLA'BICALLY, sil-lab'-e-kal-e. ad. In asyllabi- 
cal manner. Bp. Gauden. 

SYLLA'BICK, sil-lab'-ik. 509. a. [syllabique, Fr.] 
Relating to syllables. Mason. 

SYLLABLE §, sll'-la-bl. 405. n.s. [cv\\a(3t h Gr.; 
syllable, Fr.] As much of a word as is uttered by 
the help of one vowel, or one articulation. Holder, 
Any thing proverbially concise. Hooker. 

To SY'LLABLE, sll'-la-bl. v. a. To utter; to pro- 
nounce ; to articulate. Milton. Ob. J. 

SY'LLABUB, sil'-la-bfib. n. s. [rightly sillabub, 
which see.] Milk and acids. Beaumont. 

SY'LLABUS, siF-la-bus. n.s. [cvWafik.] An ab- 
stract ; a compendium containing the heads of a 
discourse. 

SY'LLOGISM y, slF-16-jfzm. n.s. [cvWoyiaubs, Gr.; 
syllogisme, Fr.] An argument composed of three 
propositions : as, Everyman thinks ; Peter is avian ; 
therefore Peter thinks. Brown. 

SYLLOGPST1CAL, sll-lo-jrs'-le-kal. ) a. [av\\o- 

SYLLOGPSTICK, sil-tt-jis'-iik. 509. \ yields.] 
Relating to a syllogism ; consisting of a syllogism 
Hale. 

SYLLOGFSTJCALLY, sil-l6-j?s'-te-kal-e. ad. In 
the form of a syllogism. Locke. 

SYLLOGIZA'TION*, sil-16-je-zaAshun. n.s. The 
act of reasoning by syllogism. Harris. 

To SY'LLOGIZE, sil'-lo-jlze. v.n. [syllogiscr, Fr., 
<ru\\oyiC,eiv, Gr.] To reason by syllogism. Baker. 

SY'LLOGIZER*, silMdjl-zur. n. s. One who rea 
sons by syllogism. Sir E. Dering. 

SYLPH*, silf. )n.s. {sylph, sylphide, Fr.; 

SY'LPHID*, sil'-fid. ] ctUn, Gr.] A fabled being 
of the air. Temple. 

SY'LVAN y, slF-van. 88. a. Woody ; shady ; relating 
to woods. Milton. 

SY'LVAN, siF-van. n. s. [sijlvain, Fr.] A wood-god, 
or satyr ; perhaps sometimes a rustick. Pope. 

SY'MBOLMinV-bul. 166. n.s. [symbole, Fr.; rip. 
(3o\ov, Gr. 'fSymbolum, Lat.] An abstract; a com- 
pendium; a comprehensive form. Baker. A type; 
that which comprehends in its figure a representa- 
tion of something else. Brown. A sign or badge 
to know one by ; a memorial. Spenser. Lot; sen- 
tence of adjudication. Bp. Taylor. 
907 



SYN 



SYN 



Q~T 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met 5— pine, pin;— 



SYMBOLICAL, slm-bftl'-e-kal. 509. a. [symbolique, 
Fr. ; <jvh3o\ikos, Gr.] Representative 5 typical ; ex- 
pressing by signs ; comprehending something more 
than itself. Brown. 

SYMBOLICALLY, sfm-bdK-e-kal-e. ad. Typi- 
cally ; by representation. Brown. 

SYMBOLIZA'TION, sim-bol-e-za'-shun. n.s. The 
act of symbolizing; representation; resemblance. 
Brown. 

TbSY'MBOLIZE, sW-b6-llze. 170. v.n. [symboli- 
ser, Fr.] To have something in common with anoth- 
er by representative qualities. Bacon. 

To SY'MBOLIZE, smi / -b6-llze. v. a. To make rep- 
resentative of something. Brown. 

SY'MMETRAL*, smV-me-tral. a. Commensurable. 
More. 

SYMME'TRIAN,s?m-meY-re-an. n.s. One eminent- 
ly studious of proportion. Sidney. 

SYMMETRICAL, slm-meV-re-kal. a. Proportion- 
ate; having parts well adapted to each other. Ld. 
Clmterfteld. 

SY'MMETRIST, slm'-me-trfst. n. s. One very stu- 
dious or observant of proportion. Wotton. 

To SY'MMETRIZE*, sW-me-trlze. v.a. To make 
proportionate. Burke. 

SYMMETRY §, sfm'-me-tre. n.s. [symmetrie,Yr.; 
aw and phpov, Gr.] Adaptation of parts to each 
other; proportion; harmony; agreement of one 
part to another. Donne. 

SYMPATHETICA L, s?m-pa-tf<eY-e-kal. ) , nQ , 

SYMPATHE'TICK, srni-pa-tfieV-ik. \ JUJ< a ' 

[sympathetique, Fr.] Having mutual sensation ; be- 
ing affected by what happens to the other; feeling 
in consequence of what another feels. Brown. 

SYMPATHETICALLY, slm-pa-tfiet'-e-kal-e. ad. 
With sympathy ; in consequence of sympathy. 
Warton 

To SYMPATHIZE, slm'-pa-^lze. v.n. [sympatiser, 
Fr.] To feel with another ; to feel in consequence 
of what another feels ; to feel mutually. Shak. To 
agree ; to fit. JDryden. 

SY'MPATHY§, slm'-pa-^e. n.s. [sijmpaihie, Fr.; 
ffvuirddeai.] Fellow-feeling; mutual sensibility; 
the quality of being affected by the affection of 
another. Shakspeare. 

SYMPHONIOUS, sim-fb'-ne-fls. a. Harmonious; 
agreeing in sound. 

To SY'MPHONIZE*, sW-f6-nlze. v.n. To agree 
with ; to be in unison with. Boyle. 

SY'MPHONYS, s?m'4o-ne. 170. n. s. [symphonie, 
Fr.; crov and frwi), Gr.] Concert of instruments; 
harmony of mingled sounds. Wicliffe. 

SYMPHYSIS, sW-fe-sk n. s. [aw and ^w.] A 
connascency, or growing together ; and perhaps is 
meant of those bones which in young children are 
distinct, but after some years unite and consolidate 
into one bone. Wiseman. 

SYMPO'SIACK, s'im-p6 / -zhe-ak. 451. a. [symposi- 
aque, Fr. ; avunoaianus, Gr.] Relating to merry 
makings ; happening where company is drinking 
together. Brown. 

SYMPO'SIUM*, shn-po'-zhe-um. n.s. [Lat] A 
feast; a merry making; a drinking together. 
Wavtcn. 

SY'MPTOMS.sW-tum. 166, 412. n. s. [symptome, 
Fr. ; ffu^Trrw^a, Gr.] Something that happens con- 
currently with something else, not as the original 
cause, nor as the necessary or constant effect. 
Blackmore. A sign : a token. Swift. 

SYMPTOMA'TICAL, s5m-l6-matMe-kal. 509. ) 

SYMPTOMA'TICK, slm-to-mat'-tik. $ a - 

[syinptomatique, Fr.] Happening concurrently, or 
occasionally. Symptomatical is often used to de- 
note the difference between the primary and sec- 
ondary causes in diseases. Quincy. 

SYMPTOMA'TICALLY, slm-to-mat'-te-kal-c. ad. 
In the nature of a symptom. Wiseman. 

SYNAGO'GICAL, sfn-a-g&djeMk-a). a. Pertaining 
to a synagogue. 

SYNAGOGUES, shV-a-g&g. 338. n. s. [Fr.; awa- 
yuyn, Gr.] An assembly of the Jews to worship. 
St. Luke, Iv. 



SYNALE'PHA, sin-a-le'-fa. 92. n. s . [cvva\oi<f>fi.} A 
contraction or excision of a syllable in a Latin 
verse, by joining together two vowels in the scan- 
ning or cutting off the ending vowel : as, ill' ego. 
Dryden. 

SYNARCHY*, sfn'-ar-ke. n.s. [awa 9x ia.l Joint 
sovereignty. Stackhouse. 

SYNARTHROSIS, sfn-ar-*/ir6'-sk n.s. [^v and 
apdpow.] A close conjunction of two bones. Wise- 
man. 

SYNA'XIS*, se-naks'-k n. s. [<n5va|i?.] A meeting 
of persons ; a congregation. Bp. 7 'aylor 

SYNCHONDROSIS, sin-kdn-dro'-sk n.s. [errand 
%ovc)pos.~] An union by gristles of the sternon to the 
ribs. Wiseman. 

SY'NCURON Ah ^,sin^kr6-ni\. a. [m>v and X povos.} 
Happening at the same time ; belonging to the 
same time. More. 

SYNCHRONAL*, sln'-kro-nal. n.s. That which 
happens at the same time, or belongs to the same 
time, with another thing. More. 

SYNCHRONICAL, sin-kron'-e-kal. a. [aw and 
Xptvos.] Happening together at the same time. 
Boyle. 

SYNCHRONISM, sing'-kri-nizm.m n.s. [aw and 
^pdvos.J Concurrence of events happening at the 
same time. Hale. 

To SYNCHRONIZE*, smg'-kri-nize. v.n. To con- 
cur at the same time ; to agree in regard to the 
same time. Dr. Robinson. 

SYNCHRONOUS, slng'-kro-nfis. a. [aw and X p6- 
voj.] Happening at the same time. Arbutltnot. 

SY r NCHYSIS*, sfng'-ke-sk n. s. [aw and X vw.} A 
confusion ; a confused arrangement of words in a 
sentence. Knatchbull. 

To SYNCOPATE*, sing'-ko-pate. v.a. To con- 
tract ; to abbreviate, by taking from the middle of a 
word. [In musick.] To divide a note. 

SYNCOPES slng'-ko-pe. 96, 408. n.s. [syncope, 
Fr. ; avyKoirt), Gr.] Fainting fit. Wiseman. Con- 
traction of a word by cutting off a part in the mid- 
dle. The division of a note, used when two or 
more notes of one part answer to a single one of 
the other. Musical Diet. 

SYNCOP1ST, sing / -k6-p?st. n.s. Contractor of 
words. Spectator. 

To SYNCOPIZE*, SHig'-k6-pize. v. a. To con- 
tract ; to abridge. Dalgarno. 

SYNCRATISMt, smg'-kra-tlzm. n.s. A junction 
of two against a third power 

To SYNDICATE $, sm'-de-kate. v. a. [syndiquer, 
Fr.; aw and Sikv, Gr.] To judge; to pass judge- 
ment on ; to censure. Donne. 

SYNDICK*, sk'-dlk. n.s. [syndic, Fr.; aw and 
four), Gr.] A kind of chief magistrate; a curator. 

SYNDROME, sin'-dro-me. 96. n. s. [awSporf.] 
Concurrent action ; concurrence. Glanville. 

SYNE'CDOCHE §, se-neV-do-ke. 352, 96. n. s. 
[synecdoclie. Fr. ; awuchoKr), Gr.] A figure by 
which part is taken for the whole, or the whole for 
part. Bp. Taylor. 

SYNECDO'CHICAL, sln-gk-ddk'-e-kal. a. Ex- 
pressed by a synecdoche ; implying a synecdoche. 

SYNECDO'CHICALLY*, s?n-ek-d&k'-e-kal-e. ad. 
According to a synecdochical way of speaking. 
Pearson. 

SYNECPHONE / SISt,s!n-e 1 k-f6-ne / -s?s. n.s. A con- 
traction of two syllables into one. Mason. 

SYNERGFSTICK*, sm-er-jjs'-tik. a. [awtpyd^o- 
fiat.'] Co-operating. Dean Tucker. 

SYNNEURO'SIS, sm-mW6'-sk n.s. [awandvev- 
onv.] The connexion made by a ligament. Wiseman. 

SYNODS, sin' -nod. 166. n.s. [reonob, Sax. ; synoxle, 
Fr. ; avvohoi, Gr.] An assembly called for consul- 
tation : it is used particularly of ecclesiasticks. A 
provincial synod is commonly used, and a general 
council. Bacon. Conjunction of the heavenly 
bodies. Boyle. 

05" A plain English speaker would always pronounce 
the ?/ in this word long : nor is it pronounced short by 
908 



SYB 



SYZ 



— n6, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ; — pdfind ;— tlim, this. 



the more informed speaker becauso the y is short in 
synodus, but because we always pronounce it so in the 
Latin word. — See Principles, No. 544. W. 
SY'XODAL, sin '-no-dal. „. s< Money paid anciently 
to the bishop, &c. at Easter visitation. Wheatley. 

SY'NODAL. sin -n6-d;\l. •)<*. [si/iiodique, stmo- 

SYNO'DICAL, se-nod'-e-kal. C dot, Fr.l Relating 

SYNODICK, se-ndd'-ik. 509. ) to a synod ; trans- 
acted in a synod. Selden. [synodique, Fr.] Reck- 
oned from one conjunction with the. sun to another. 
Holder. 

SYNO DICALLY. se-nod -e-kal-e. ad, By the au- 
thority of a synod or publick assembly. Sanderson. 

SYXCNYMA, se-mV-ne-ml 92. n. s. [Lat.; 
<rvvu>wn<>i, Gr.] Names which signify the same 
thing-. B. Jonson. 

SYNO'NYMAL*, se-ndn'-e-mal. a. [awmwpos.] 
Svnonvmous. Instruct, for Oral. 

SYNO'NYMALLY*, se-n6n'-e-mal-e. ad. Synony- 
mously. Spelman. 

SY'NONY'ME*, sin'-6-nim. n. s. [synonyme, Fr. ; 
from aw and ovopa, Gr.] A word of the same mean- 
ing as some other word. Reid. 

'/WSYNO'NYMISE, se-mV-ne-mlze. v.a. To ex- 
press the same thing in different words. Camden. 

SYNO'MYMOUS, se-noii'-ne-mns. a. [owwwuos.] 
Expressing the same thing by different words ; 
having the same signification ; univocal. Watts. 

SY'NO'NYxMOUSLY *, se-nou'-ne-mus-le. ad. In a 
synonymous manner. Pearson. 

SYNONYMY, se-non'-ne-me. [See Metonymy.] 
n. s. [avvoiwuia.] The quality of expressing by dif- 
ferent words the same thing. Selden. 

S YN O'PSISy, se-nop'-s?" n.s. [avvoxpis.] A general 
view ; all the parts brought under one" view. 
Milton. 

SYNO'PTICAL, se-n6p'-te-kal. a. Affording a view 
of many parts at once. Evelyn. 

SYNOTTlCALLY* se-n6p'-te-kal-e. ad. In a 
synoptical manner. Sir W. Petty. 

SYNTACTICAL, sin-tak'-te-kal. a. [syntaxis, 
Lat.] Conjoined 5 fitted to each other. Relating to 
the construction of speech. Peadiam. 

SY'NTAX, sln'-taks. )n.s. [Wvi-ofr.] A sys- 

SYNTA'XIS, s?n-taks'-!s. ) tern ; a number of things 
joined together. G/anville. That part ofgrammar 
which teaches the construction of words. B. Jonson. 

SYNTERE'SIS*, s'fn-te-re'-sk n.s. [aw and rripeoj.] 
A remorse of conscience. Bp. Ward. 

SY'NTHESIS, sm'-tfie-sis. n.s. [cwOsaig.] The act 
of joining : opposed to analysis. Newton. 

SYNTHETICAL* s?n-</ieV-te-kal. )a. [cwde-iKbs, 

SYXTHE'TICK, s?n-*/iet'-lIk. 509. S Gr. ; synthe- 
tique, Fr.] Conjoining 5 compounding 1 ; forming 
composition : opposed to unalytick. Wwts. 

SYNTHETICALLY* sIiWAeY-ie-kal-le. ad. By 
synthesis. Walker. 

SY'PHON, sl'-ffin. 166. n. s. [atywv.] A tube ; a pipe. 
Mortimer. 

SY'REN*. See Siren. 

SYRIACK*, sir'-e-iik. a. Spoken in old Syria. 
Walton. 

SY'RIACK*, sir'-e-ak. n. s. The Syriack language. 
Daniel, ii. 



SY'RIASM*, sJr'-e-azm. n. s. A Syriack idiom 

Warburton. 
SYRI'NGA*, se-rk'-ga. n. s. A flowering shrub 

M.tson. 

SY'RINGEy, s?r'-kje. 184. n.s. [avmyl] A pipe 
through which any liquor is squirted. Ray. 

To SYTUNGE, sfV-kje. 0. a. To spout by a syringe 
W&femon. To wash with a syringe. 

SYRINGO'TOMY, sir-kg-got'-t6-me. n. s. [av P ty£ 
and Tirofta.] The act or practice of cutting fistulas 
or hollow sores. 

STRTIS, ser'-tis. 184. n.s. [Lat.] A quicksand 
a bog. Milton. 

SY'RUP*. SeeSiROP. 

SY'STASIS*, sis'-ta-sls. n. s. [avaraais-] The con 
sistence of any thing ; a constitution. Burke. 

SY"'STEMy, sis'-t6m. n.s. [systeme, Fr. ; avarri\ia, 
Gr.] Any complexure or combination of many 
things acting together. A scheme which reduces 
many things to regular dependence or co-operation. 
A scheme which unites many things in order. Fell. 

SYSTEMATICAL, sls-le-mat'-te-kal. a. [syste- 
matique, Fr. ; avaTniiariKbs, Gr.] Methodical; 
written or formed with regular subordination of one 
part to another. Bentley. 

SYSTEMATICALLY, s?s-te-mat'-te-kal-e. 509. ad. 
In form of a system. Boyle. 

SY'STEMATIST* s?s'-tem-a-tist. ) n. s. One who 

SY'STEMATIZER* sis'-tem-a- £ reduces things 
tl-zdr, or sis-tern' -a-ti-z&r. . } to any kind of 

system. Chambers. 

To SYSTEMATIZE*, sls-tem'-a-tlze. [sls'-tem-a- 
tize, Perry.] v. a. To reduce to a system. Harris. 

#3" I have met with this word nowhere but in Mason's 
Supplement to Johnson, and there I find it accented in 
a different way from what I have always heard it in 
conversation. In those circles which I have frequented 
the accent has been placed on the first syllable ; and if 
we survey the words of this termination, we shall find 
that he is added to every word without altering the 
place of the accent ; and that, consequently, systematize 
ought to have the accent on the first syllable. This 
reasoning is specious ; but when we consider that this 
word is not formed from the English word system, but 
from the Greek avarnfia, or the latter Latin systema, 
we shall find that the accent is very properly placed on 
the second syllable, according to the general rule. If we 
place the accent on the first, we ought to spell the word 
systcmize, and then it would be analogically pronounced; 
but, as our best writers and speakers have formed the 
word on the Greek and Latin plan, it ought to be writ- 
ten and pronounced as Mr. Mason has ffiven it. W. 

SYSTEM-MAKER* sls'-tem-ma-kar. n. s. One 
who forms systems. Prior. 

SYSTEM-MONGER*, sls'-tem-mfing-gur. *, One 
fond of framing systems. Ld. Chesterfield. 

SY'STOLE, sls°-t6"-le. 96. n. s. [systole, Fr. ; avanh), 
Gr.] [In anatomy.] The contraction of the heart. 
Ray. [systole, Fr.] [In grammar.] The shortening 
of a long syllable. 

SY^'STYLE*, sis'-tlle. n. s. [sy style, Fr. ; from avv 
and o-rvAo?, Gr.] A building in which the pillars 
are near together. 

SYZYGY*, slz'-e-je. n.s. [syzijgie, Fr.; av^vyia, 
Gr. conjunctio.] A conjunction of any two of the 
heavenly bodies. 



TAB 



TAB 



TA mute consonant, which, at the beginning 
5 and end of words, has always the same sound, 
nearly approaching to that of d, but, before an i. 
when followed by a vowel, has the sound of an 
obscure 5 : as, nation, salvation ; except when s 
precedes t : as, Christian, question. 47z. 

TA'BARD y , tab'-ard. n.s. [tabarre, Fr. ; tabar, Welsh ; 
tabardum, low Lat.] A short gown ; a herald's coat : 
sometimes written, incorrectly, taberd. Warton. 

TA'BARDER, utb'-ard-flr. n. s. One who wears a 
tabard, or short gown : the name is still preserved 



in certain bachelors of arts on the old foundation 

of Queen's College in Oxford. 
TA'BBYy, tab'-be. n.s. [tain, tabino, Ital.; tabis, 

Fr.] A kind of waved silk. Swift. 
TA'BBY, tab'-be. a. Brinded; brindled; varied 

with different colours. Addison. 
To TA'BBY*, tab'-be. v. a. To pass a stuff under a 

calender to make the representation of waves there- 
on, as on a tabbv. Chambers. 
TABEFA'CTIQlH tab-e-lak'-shun. n, s [tabefacio. 

Lat.] The act of wasting away. 



TAB 



TAG 



\£f 559.— Fite, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



To TA'BEFY, tab'-e-fl. v. «. To waste 5 to extenu- 
ate. Harvey. 

TA'BERD. n. s. See Tabard. 

TA'BERNACLE §, tab'-er-na-kl. 405. n. s. [Fr.; 
iabernaculum, LatJ A temporary habitation; a 
casual dwelling. Milton. A sacred place ; a place 
of worship. Addison. 

To TA'BERNACLE, tab'-gr-na-kl. v. n. To en- 
shrine^ to house. Scott. 

TABERNA'CULAR*, tab-er-nak'-ku-lar. a. Lat- 
ticed. Warton. 

TA'BID§, tab'-fd. 544s. cu [tabide, Fr.; tabidus, Lat.] 
Wasted by disease ; consumptive. Blackmore. 

§5= Buchanan is the only orthoe'pist, that has this word, 
who pronounces the a long. This is indulging the 
•genius of our own pronunciation in dissyllables of this 
form; but as we pronounce the a short in tabidus, though 
long in Latin, we carry this wrong pronunciation into 
our own language. W. 

TA'BDDNESS, tab'-ld-n-k n.s. Consumptiveness ; 

state of being wasted by disease. 
TA'BLATURE, tab'-la-ture. 463. n.s. A way of ex 
pressing musical souads by letters or ciphers ; a 
piece of musick ibr the lute. Lovtlace. [In anato- 
my.] A division or parting of the skull into two ta- 
bles. Chambers. [In painting.] A single piece, 
comprehended in one view, and formed according 
Jo one single intelligence, meaning, or design. Ld. 
Shaftesbury, 
TA'BLE §, ta'-bl. 405. n. s. [table. Fr. ; tabula, Lat.] 
Any flat or level surface. Sandys. A horizontal 
surface raised above the ground, used for meals 
and other purposes. Sfiak. The persons sitting at 
lable, or partaking of entertainment. Sliak. The 
fare or entertainment itself: as, He keeps a good 
table. Toiler. A tablet ; a surface on which any 
thing is written or engraved. Hooker, [tableau, 
Fr.] A picture, or any thing that exhibits a view 
of any thing upon a flat surface. Addison. An in- 
dex } a collection of heads; a catalogue; a sylla- 
bus. Evelyn. A synopsis; many particulars brought 
into one view. B. Jonson. The palm of the hand. 
B. Jonson. [table, old Fr.] Draughts ; smallpieces 
of wood shifted on squares. Bp. "Taylor. — To turn 
tlhe tables. To change the condition or fortune of 
two contending parties : a metaphor taken from 
the vicissitude of fortune at gaming-tables. Dry den. 
T<>TA'BLE, ta'-bl. v. n. To board ; to live at the 

table of another. South. 
To TA'BLE, ta'-bl. v. a. To make into a catalogue; 
to set down. Shak. To represent as in painting. 
Bacon. To supply with a table or food. Milton. 
TA'BLEBED, ta'-bl-beU n. s. A bed of the figure 

of a la Me. 
TA'BLEBEER, ta-bl-beer'. n.s. Beer used at vic- 
tuals; small-beer. 
TA'BLEBOOK, ta'-bl-l>5Sk. n. s. A book on which 
any thing is graved or written without ink. Shak- 
speare. 
TA'BLECLOTH, uV-bl-kl&Z/i. n.s. Linen spread on 

a 'labia. Camden. 
TA'BLEMAN, ta'-bl-man. n. s. A maa at draughts. 

Bacon. 
TA'BLER, ta'-bl-ur. 98. n. s. One who boards. Ains- 

worth. 
TA'BLET, tab'-let. n. s. A small level surface. A 
medicine in a square form. Bacon. A surface 
written on or painted. Di~yden. 
TA'BLET ALK, ta'-bl-tawk. n. s. Conversation at 

meals or entertainments ; table discourse. 
TA'BOUR$, ta'-bnr. 314. n.s. [tabourin, labour, 
old Fr.] A small drum ; a drum beaten with one 
■stick to accompany a pipe. Shakspeare. 
To TA'BOUR, ta'-uur. u n. [tabourer, old Fr.] To 
drum. ChavLxr. To strike ; to smite ; to beat. 
Nah. ii. 
TA'BOURER, ta'-b5r-ur. 98. n. s. One who beats 

the tabour. SlwJcspeare. 
TA'BOURET, lab'-ur-gt. n. s. A small tabour. 

Spectator. 
TA' BO URINE, tab-ur-een'. 142. n.s. [Fr.] A 
labour ; a small drum. Sliaks}->eare. 



TABRE'RE* tab-rere'. n. s. Tabourer. Spenser. 

Ob. T 
TA'BRET, tab'-rgt. n. s. A tabour. Gen. xxxi. 
TA'BULAR, tab'-u-lar. a. [iabularU, Lat.] Set 
down in the form of tables or synopses. Formed in 
laminae. Woodward. Set in squares. 
To TA'BULATE, tab'-u-late. v. a. [tabula, Lat.] 
To reduce to tables or synopses. Dr. Johnson. To 
shape with a flat surface. 
TA'BULATED, tab'-u-la-teU a. Having a flat sur- 
face. Grew. 
TACHE, tatsh. n.s. [from tack.] Any thing taken 

hold of; a catch ; a loop; a button. Ex. xxxvi. 
TACHY'GRAPHY^a-kfg'-ra-fe. n.s. [ T a X v S and 

ypd<j>io.~] The art or practice of quick writing. 
TA'C1T§, tas'-lt. 544. a. [tacite, Fr.; tacitus, Lat.] 
Silent ; implied ; not expressed by words. Bacon. 
TA'CITLY,tas'-lt-le. ad. Silently; without oral ex- 
pression. Addison. 
TA'CITURN*, tas'-e-tfirn. a. [taciturne, Fr. ; taci- 

turnus, Lat.] Silent; uttering little. Smollel. 
TACITU'RNITY, tas-e-tur'-ne-te. n. s. [taciturnite, 

Fr. •,'txciturnitas, LatJ Habitual silence. Shak. 
To TACK§, tak. v. a. [tacher, Breton.] To fasten to 
any thing. Herbert. To join ; to unite ; to stitch 
together. Sluxkspeart. 
To TACK, tak. v. n. [probably from tackle.] To 

turn a ship. Brown. 
TACK, tak. n. s. A small nail. The act of turning 
ships at sea. Dryden. Addition; supplement. 
Burnet, [tache, Fr.] A spot; a stain. Hammond. 
— To hold tack. To last ; to hold out. Tusser. 
TA'CKET*, tak'-u. n. s. A small nail. Barret. 
TA'CKLE §, tak'-kl. 41^. n. s. [taccl, Welsh.] An 
arrow. Chaucer. Weapons; instruments of action. 
Hudibras. [tacclau, Welsh ; tackel, Su. Goth. ■ 
taeckel, Dutch.] The ropes of a ship : in a looser 
sense, all the instruments of sailing. Spenser. 
To TA'CKLE*, tak'-kl. v. a. To supply with tackle. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
TA'CKLED, tak'-ki'd. 359. a. Made of ropes tacked 

together. Shakspeare. 
TACKLING, tak'-lfng. 410. n. s. Furniture of the 
mast. Abbot. Instruments of action: as, fishing 
tackling, kitchen tackling. Walton.. 
TACT*, takt. n. s. [tactus, Lat.] Touch : an old 

word, long disused, and of late levived. Ross. 
TA'CTICAL $, tak'-te-kal. ) 509. a. [tuktikos, rdr- 
TA'CTICK §, tak'-tlk. \ rw, Gr. ; tactique, Fr.] 

Relating to the art of ranging a battle. 
TACTI'CIAN*, tak-t?sh'-an. n. s. One skilled in tac- 

ticks. 
TA'CTICKS, tak'-rfks. n. s. [raKriKr,.] The art of 

ranging men in the field of battle. Dryden. 
TA'CTILE, tak'-tn. 140. a. [Fr.; tactilis, tacliun, 

LatJ Susceptible of touch. Beaumont. 
TACTI'LITY, lak-til'-e-te. n. s. Perceptibility by 

the touch. 
TA'CTION, tak'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; tactio, Lat.] The 

act of touching. Ld. Chesterfield. 
TA'DPOLE, tad'-p6le. n. s. [tab. toad, and pola, a 
young one, Sax.] A young, shapeless frog or toad 
consisting only of a body and a tail ; a porwiggle 
Ray. 
TA'EN, tane. The poetical contraction of taken. 

Milton: 
TA 7 FFATA*, laf-fa-ta. ; n. s. [taffetas, F/. ; taffeter, 
TA'FFETA, taf -fe-ta. \ SpanjA thin silk. Boyle 
TA'FFEREL*, taf-fe-rel. n. s. The upper part of 

the stern of a ship. Scott. 
TAG§, tag. n.s. [tag, Icel; tagg, Su. Goth.] A 
point of metal put to the end of a string. Ward. 
Any thing paltry and mean. Whitgift. A young 
sheep. In this sense oftener written teg. 
To TAG, tag. v. a. To fit any thing with an end, 
or point of metal : as, to tog a lace. Swift, To 
fit one thing with another, appended. Dryaen. To 
join. Swift. 
TAG-RAG t, tag'-rag. n.s. [composed of tag and 

rag.] People of the lowest degree. 
TA'GTAIL, tag'-tale. n. s. [fag and tail.] A worm 
which has the tail of another colour. Carcw 
910 



TAK TAL 




— n6, move, nor, nAt;— to.be, tflb, hull ;— 0II5— pdflndj— th'm, THis. 





I'AlM, tile 202. ». s. [/ug-/, Goth, and Ice).; 
tee^l. Sax.] That which terminates the animal 
behind; the continuation ol* the vertebrae of the 
back hanging- loose behind. More. The lower 
part. Dad. xxviii. Any thing- hanging" long; a 
catkin. Harvey, The binder part of any thing. 
Butler.— To turn tail. To fly ; to run away. Sid- 
ney. 
To TAIL, tale. v. n. To pull by the tail. Hudibras. 
TA'ILAGE, ti'-lidje. n. s. [tailler, Fr.] A piece cut 
out of the whole; and, metaphorically, a share of 
a man's substance paid bv way of tribute. In law, 
it signifies a toll or tax. Cowel. 
TAILED, tild. 359. a. Furnished with a tail. Grew. 
TAILLE, tale. n. s. The fee which is opposite to 
lee-simple, because it is so minced or pared, that 
it is not in his free power to be disposed of who 
owns it; but is, by the first giver, cut or divided 
from all other, and tied to the issue of the donee. 
Cowel. 
TAI'LOR§,laMfir. 166. n. s. [lailleur, Fr.] One whose 

business is to make clothes. Shakspeare. 
To T AI'LOR*, uV-lur. v. ?i. To perform the business 

of a tailor. Green. 
To TAINTS, tint. 202. v. a. [teindre, Fr.] To im- 
bue or impregnate with any thing. Thomson. To 
stain; to sully. Slut/c. To infect; to poison; to 
disease. Harvey. To corrupt. Swift. A corrupt 
contraction of attaint. 
To TAINT, tint. v. n. To be infected ; to be touched 

with something corrupting. Slutkspeare. 
TAINT, lint. n. s. [teinte, Fr.] A tincture; a stain. 
An insect. Brown. Infection ; corruption ; depra- 
vation. Shalt. A spot ; a soil ; a blemish. Shak. 
TAINTLESS, tint'-les. a. Free from infection; 

pure. Swift. 
TA'INTURE, tine'-tshure.461. n. s. [tinctura, Lat. ; 

tehiture, Fr.] Taint ; tingej defilement. Shak. 
To TAKE§, tike. v. a. pret. took ; part. pass, taken, 
sometimes took, [laka, Icel. pret. took ; fcaecan, 
Sax.] To receive what is ottered ; correlative to 
give ; opposed to refuse. Jer. xxv. To seize what 
is not given. Dryden. To receive. Deut. xxvi. 
To receive with good or ill will. Sliak. To lay 
hold on ; to catch by surprise or artifice. Ecclus. 
xxxvi. To snatch ; to seize. Hale. To make pris- 
oner. Acts, xxii. To captivate with pleasure ; to 
delight ; to engage. Sliak. To entrap ; to catch 
in a snare. Canticles. To understand in any par- 
ticular sense or manner. Raleigh. To exact. Lev. 
xxv. To get ; to have ; to appropriate. Gen. xiv. 
To use; to employ. Watts. To blast; to infect. Shak. 
To judge in favour of; to adopt. Dryden. To ad- 
mit any thing bad from without. Hudibras. To get ; 
to procure. 2 Mace. x. To turn to ; to practise. Ba- 
con. To close in with ; to comply with. Dryden. To 
form; to fix. Clarendon. To catch in the hand; 
to seize. Ezek. viii. To admit; to suffer. Dry- 
den. To perform any action. Jer. xx. To receive 
into the mind. Acts, iv. To go into. Camden. To 
go along ; to follow ; to pursue. Dryden. To 
swallow ; to receive. Bacon. To swallow, as a 
medicine. South. To choose one of more. Mil- 
ton. To copy. Dryden. To convey; to carry; 
to transport. Judges, xix. To fasten on; to seize. 
St. Mark, ix. Not to refuse ; to accept. Numb. 
xxxv. To adopt. Exod. vi. To change with re- 
spect to place. St. Luke, x. To separate. Locke. 
To admit. 1 Tim. v. To pursue ; to go in. Mil- 
ton. To receive any temper or disposition of mind. 
Mic. ii. To endure ; to bear. Spectator. To 
draw ; to derive. Tillotson. To leap ; to jump 
over. Shak. To assume. Locke. To allow ; to 
admit. Locke. To receive with fondness. Dnj 
den. To carry out for use. St. Mark. vi. To sup- 
pose ; to receive in thought ; to entertain in opinion 
Shak. To separate for one's self from any quan- 
tity ; to remove for one's self from any place. Isa. 
lxvi. Not to leave ; not to omit. Locke. To re- 
ceive payments. Sliak. To obtain by mensura- 
tion. Camden. To withdraw. Spectator. To 
seize with a transitory impulse ; to affect so as not 



to last. Arbuthnot. To comprise 3 to comprehend 1 . 
Atterbury. To have recourse to. L 'Estrange, 
To produce ; or suffer to be produced. Spenser, 
To catch in the mind. Locke. To hire ; to rent. 
Pope. To engage in ; to be active in. Shak, 
To incur ; to receive as it happens. Addison. To 
admit in copulation. Sandys. To catch eagerly. 
Dryden. To use as an oath or expression. Ex- 
odus. To seize as a disease. Bacon. — To take 
away. To deprive of. Rev. xx. To set aside ; 
to move. Locke. To take care of. To be care- 
ful; to be solicitous for; to superintend. 1 Cor. 
ix. To be cautious j to be vigilant. To take 
course. To have recourse to measures. Ba- 
con. To take down. To crush ; to reduce ; to 
suppress. Spenser. To swallow ; to take by the 
mouth. Bacon. To take from. To derogate ; to 
detract. Dryden. To deprive of. Locke, To 
take heed. To be cautious; to beware. Ecclus, 
'xi. To take heed to. To attend. Ecclus. xxiii. 
To take in. To enclose. Mortimer. To lessen ' 7 
to contract : as, He took in his sails. To cheat ; 
to gull : as, The cunning ones were taken in : a low^ 
vulgar phrase. To take in hand. To undertake. 
Clarendon. To comprise ; to comprehend. Bur- 
net. To admit. Sidney. To win by conquest. 
Knolles. To receive locally. Acts, xx. To re- 
ceive mentally. Hale. To take notice. To ob- 
serve. To show by an act that observation is 
made. Clarendon. To take oath. To swear. Eze- 
kkl. To take off. To invalidate ; to destroy ; to 
remove. Shak. To withhold; to withdraw. Ba- 
con. To swallow. Locke. To purchase Locke. 
To copy. Addison. To find place for. Bacon, 
To remove. Exod. xxxiv. To take on. See To 
take upon. To take order with. To check ; to 
take course with. Bacon. To take out. To re- 
move from within any place. Shak. To take part, 
To share. Pope. To take place. To prevail } to 
have effect. Dryden. To take up. To borrov/ 
upon credit or interest. Shak. To be ready for 5 
to engage with. Sliak. To apply to the use of. 
Addison. To begin. Ezek. xxv. To fasten with 
a ligature passed under. Sharp. To engross > to 
engage. Duppa. To have final recourse to. Ad- 
dison. To seize; to catch; to arrest. Spenser: 
To admit. Bacon. To answer by reproving ; to 
reprimand. Shak. To begin where the former 
left off. Dryden. To lift. Shak. To occupy lo- 
cally. Hayward. To manage in the place of 
another. Shak. To comprise. Dryden. To adopts 
to assume. Hammond. To collect; to exact a 
tax. Knolles. To take upon. To appropriate toy 
to assume ; to admit to be imputed to. Heb. ii. To 
assume ; to claim authority. Shakspeare. 

To TAKE, tike. v. n. To direct the course ; to have 
a tendency to. Bacon. To please ; to gain recep- 
tion. South. To have the intended or natural effect. 
Bacon. To catch ; to fix. Bacon. — To take after. 
To learn of; to resemble ; to imitate. Hudibras. 
To take in with. To resort to. Bacon. To take on. 
To be violently affected. Bacon. Tc take on. To 
claim a character. Shak. To grieve; to pine. 
Shak. To take to. To apply to ; to be fond of. 
Locke. To betake to ; to have recourse. Dryden. 
To take up. To stop. Glanville. To reform. 
Locke. To take up with. To be contented with. 
South. To lodge ; to dwell. South. To take with. 
To please. Bacon. 

TA'KEN, ti'-k'n. 103. The part, passive of take. 
2 Sam. xvi. 

TA'KER, ti'-kfir. 98, n. s. One that takes. Shak- 
speare. 

TA'KING, ti'-k!ng. 410. n. s. Seizure ; distress of 
mind. Shakspeare. 

TA'KINGNESS*, ti'-klng-nes. n. 5. Quality of 
pleasing. Bp. Taylor. 

TA'LBOT, til'-b&t. n. s. [It is borne by the house 
of Talbot in their arms.] A hound ; a sort of hunt- 
ing dog, between a hound and a beagle. Somer~ 
ville. 

TALC*. See Talk. 

911 



TAL 



TAN 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin j- 



TALE§, tale. n. s. [cale. from fcellan, to tell, Sax.] 
A narrative; a story. Watts. Oral relation. Shak. 
[cale, Sax. from fcelan,to count ; lala, Icel.] Num- 
ber reckoned. Hooker. Reckoning ; numeral ac- 
count. Carew. Information; disclosure of any 
thing- secret. Sliakspeare. 
To TALE* tale. v. n. To relate stories. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
TALEBEARER, tale'-ba-r&r. n. s. [tale and bear.'] 
One who gives officious or malignant intelligence. 
SoiUh. 
TALEBEARING, tale'-ba-rfng. n. s. The act of 
informing; officious or malignant intelligence. Ar- 
hdhnot. 
TALEFUL*, tale'-ful. a. Abounding in stories. 

Thomson. A bad word. 
TALENT, taF-ent. 544. n. s. [talentum, Lat.J A 
talent signified so much weight, or a sum of money, 
the value differing according to the different ages 
and countries. Arbuthnot. Faculty ; power ; gift 
of nature : a metaphor borrowed from the talents 
mentioned in the holy writ. Clarendon. Quality ; 
disposition. Clarendon. 
TA'LES*, ta'-lez. n. s. [Lat.] A supply for men 
empannelled upon a jury or inquest, and not ap- 
pearing or challenged; equal in reputation to those 
that were empannelled, and present in court; tales 
de circumstantibus. Hale. 
TALETELLER*, tale'-tel-l&r. n.s. One who re- 
lates tales or stories. Guardian. 
TALION*, tal'-e-fin. n. s. [talio, Lat.] Law of re- 
taliation. Scott. 
TALISMAN, tal'-?z-man. 88. n. s. [talism, Arabick.] 

A magical character. Swift. 
TALISMA'NICK, tal-fz-man'-fk. 509. a. Magical. 

Addison.. 
To TALK S. tawk. 84. v. n. [tahan, Sax. ; taelen, 
Dutch.] To speak in conversation ; to speak flu- 
ently and familiarly ; not in set speeches; to con- 
verse. Sliak. To prattle; to speak impertinently. 
Milton. To give account. Milton. To speak ; to 
reason ; to confer. Jer. xii. 
TALK, tawk. n.s. Ora! conversation; fluent and 
familiar speech. Locke. Report; rumour. Locke. 
Subject of discourse. Milton. 
TALK S, tawk. n. s. [talc, Fr.] A kind of stone, com- 
posed of plates generally parallel, and flexible and 
eiastick. Woodward. 
TALKATIVE, lawk'-a-tiv. a. Full of prate ; lo- 
quacious. Sidney. 
TALKATIVENESS, tawk'-a-tlv-nes. n.s. Loqua- 
city; garrulity; fulness of prate. Government of 
the Tongue. 
TALKER, tawk'-ur. 98. n.s. One who talks. 
Watts. A loquacious person; a prattler. Shak. 
A boaster ; a bragging fellow. Bp. Taylor. 
TALKING*, tawk' -ing. n.s. Oral conversation. 

Ephes. v. 
TALKY, tawk'-e. a. Consisting of talk ; resem- 
bling talk. Woodward. 
TALLS, tall. 84. a. [tal, Welsh.] High in stature. 
Shak. High ; lofty. Milton. Sturdy ; lusty; bold; 
spirited ; courageous. Shakspeare. 
TALLAGES, tal'-tfdje. 90. n.s. [taillage, Fr.] 1m- 
st ; excise. Bacon. 

a. To lay an impost 



keep accounts by. Hudibras. Any thing made to 

suit another. Dryden. 
To TALLY, tal'-Ie. v a. To fit ; to suit ; to cut out. 

so as to answer any thing. Prior. 
To TALLY, tal'-le. v n. To be fitted; to conform 

to be suitable. Addison. 
TALLY*, tall'-le. ad. Stoutly; with spirit. Beau- 

mont and Fletclver. 
TALMUD, ?tdl , mfid 



-P?. s 



Stallage* tai'-ifdje. 

on. Bp. Ellys 



TALLOWS, talM6. 85. n.s. [tolkr, Icel.; tolk, 
Dan. ; talg, talge, Su. Goth, and Germ.] The 
o-rease or fat of an animal ; coarse suet. Heylin. 

To TALLOW, tal'-lo. v. a. To grease; to smear 
with tallow Ld. Surrey. 

TALLOWCHANDLER, tal'-lo-tshand-lur. n. s. 
[tallow, and chandelier, Fr.] One who makes can- 
dles of tallow, not of wax. Harvey. 

TA LLOW FACED*, tal'-lo-faste. a. Having a pale, 
sickly complexion. Burton. 

TALLOWISH*, tal'-l6-fsh. a. Having the nature 
of tallow. Huloet. 

TALLOWY*, tal'-ld-e. a. Greasy. 

TALLY S, tal'-le. n. s. [tailler, Fr.] A stick notched 
or cut in conformity to another stick, and used to 



M 5 n.s. [Heb.] The book 
THA'LMUD, \ lcU Mnuu - \ containing the Jewish 
traditions, the rabbinical constitutions, and explica- 
tions of the Jaw. Lightfoot. 
TALMU'DICAL*, tal-mad'-e-kal. ; a. Belonffinsr 
TALMUDICK*, tal'-mu-dlk. \ to the lalmucT. 

Skinner. 
TALMUDIST*, tal'-inu-dk. n. s. One well versed 

in the talmud. Burton. 
TALMUDFSTICK*, lal-mu-dls'-tlk. a. Talmud- 

ical. Warton. 
TALNESS, tall'-n^s. 84, 406. n. s. Height of stature j 
procerity. Spenser. 

Q^p This word, by losing an Z, is, if we pronounce it accord- 
ing to the orthography, deprived of its sound : the first 
syllable, according to this spelling, ought, undoubtedly, 
to be pronounced like the first of tal-low, which suffi- 
ciently shows the necessity of spelling it with double I. 
W. [Tallness, Jones, Fulton and Knight, and Web- 
ster.] 

TALON, tal'-un. 166, 544. n. s. [Fr.] The claw of 

a bird of prey. Bacon. 
TA'MARIND-T/ee, tanV-ma-rlnd-tree. n.s. [to.ma- 
rindus, Lat.] A tree, bearing a flat pod, contain- 
ing many flat, angular seeds, surrounded with an 
acid, blackish pulp. Miller. 
TA'M ARISK, tam'-ma-rlsk, n. s. [iamarice, Lat.] A 

tree, whose flowers are rosaceous. Miller. 
TAMBOUR*, tam-b6dr'. n.s. [tambour, old Fr. ; 
tambur, Arab.J A tambourine ; which see. A 
frame resembling a drum, on which a kind of em- 
broidery is worked ; the embroidery so made. [In 
architecture.] A member of the Corinthian and 
Composite capital, somewhat resembling a drum 
a kind of porch ; a round stone, or course of stone. 
TAMBOURI / NE,tam-bd&-reen / . 112. n. s. [tambo- 

rin, Span.] A kind of drum. Spenser. 
TAMES, tame. a. [tame, Sax.; taem, Dutch; tarn, 
Dan.] Not wild; domestick. Addison. Crushed; 
subdued; depressed; dejected; spiritless; heart- 
less. Slialc. Spiritless ; unanimated : as, a tame 
poem. 
To TAME, ta.me. v. a. [gatamjan, Goth. ; tamian, 
Sax. ; tammen, Dutch.] To reduce from wildness: 
to reclaim ; to make gentle. Shak. To subdue; to 
crush ; to depress ; to conquer. Shakspeare. 
TA MEABLE, ta'-ma-bl. 405. a. Susceptive of tam- 
ing. Wil/cins. 
TA'MELESS*, tW-lSs. a. Wild ; untamed. Bp. 

Hall. 
TA'MELY, tame'-le. ad. Not wildly ; meanly ; spir- 
itlessly. SJiafcspeare. 
TA'MENESS, tame'-nes. n.s. The quality of being 
tame ; not wildness. Want of spirits ; timidity. 
Rogers. 
TA'MER, ta'-mur. 98. n. s. Conqueror; subduer. 

Pope. 
TA'MINY, tam'-e-ne. n. s. [estamine, Fr.] A kind 
of woollen stuff; called also tammin, and tammy. 
Cotgrave. 
TA'MKIN, tam'-kln. n. s. The stopple of the mouth 

of a great gun. 
To TA'MPER, uW-pftr. 98. v. n. [of uncertain de- 
rivation.] To be busy with physick. Hudibras. 
To meddle ; to have to do without fitness or neces- 
sity. Roscommon. To deal; to practise secretly. 
Hudibras. 
To TAN §, tan. v. a. [iannen, Dutch ; tanner, Fr.] 
To impregnate or imbue with bark. Grew. Toim- 
brown by the sun. Spenser. 
TAN*, tan. n.s. The bark of the oak; the ooze 

with which tanners prepare their leather. Ash. 
TANE, for taken, ta'en. May. 
TANGS, tang. 408. n. s. [tanghe, Dutch.] A itrong 



TAP 



TAR 



-no, move. n4r, nAt ;— tube, tftb, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — tlnn, THis. 



taste ; a taste left in the mouth. Burrow. Relish ; 
taste. Atterburv. Something that leaves a sting 

or pain behind it. Sliak. Sound; tone: this is 
mistaken for tone or twang. Holder. 

To TANG, tang. u. n. [probablv mistaken for twang.] 
To ring with. Sluxkspeare. 

TANG*, tang. n. s. [tang. Su. Goth.] A kind of sea- 
weed : called in some places tangle. Bp. Rich- 
ardson. 

TAWGENT, tln'-jent. n. s. [tangent, F V.; tan gens, 
Lai.] [In trigonometry.] A right line perpendicu- 
larly raised on the extremity of a radius, and 
which touches a circle so as not to cut it ; but yet 
intersects another line without the circle, called a 
secant, that is drawn from the centre, and which 
cuts the arc to which it is a tangent. Trevoux. 

TANGIBILITY, tan-je-bil'-e-le. n. s. The quality 
of being perceived by the touch. 

TANGIBLES, tan'-je-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; from tango, 
Lat.] Perceptible by the touch. Bacon. 

To TA'NGLE $, tang'-gl. 405. v. a. See To En- 
tangle. To implicate ; to knit together. Milton. 
To ensnare ; to entrap. Sluxk. To embroil ; to em- 
barrass. Crashaw. 

To TA'NGLE, tang'-gl. v. n. To be entangled. 
Anon. 

TA'NGLE, tang'-gl. n. s. A knot of things interwo- 
ven in one another, or different parts of the same 
thing perplexed. Milton, [from tang.] A kind of 
sea-weed. 

TA'NIST, tan'-Ist. n.s. [an Irish word; perhaps 
from thane.] A kind of captain or governour. 
Spenser. 

TA'iNISTRY, tan'-fs-tre. n. s. A succession made up 
of inheritance and election. Spenser. 

TANK, tangk. 408. n.s. [tanque, Fr.] A large cis- 
tern or basin. Sir T. Herbert. 

TA'NKARD, tangk'-fird. 88. n. s. [tanquaerd, Fr. ; 
tanlcaerd, Dutch.] A large vessel with a cover, for 
strong drink. B. Jonson. 

TA'NLING*, uV-lhig. n. s. [from tan.] One scorch- 
ed bv the heat of summer. Shakspeare. 

TA'NNER, t&n'-nur. 98. n. s. One whose trade is to 
tan leather. Moxon. 

1%/NNING*, tan'-nlng. n. s. The process of prepar- 
ing leather with tan or bark. The appearance or 
stain of a brown colour. Bp. Taylor. 

TANPIT, tan'-pJt. n.s. A pit where leather is im- 
pregnated with bark. 

TA'NSY, tan'-ze. 438. n. s. An odorous plant. Mil- 
ler. A kind of cake, of which tansy forms a prin- 
cipal part. Selden. 

TANT*, tant. n. s. A kind of small field-spider. Ray. 

TA NTALISM, tan'-ta-llzm. n. s. A punishment like 
that of Tantalus. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

TANTALIZA'TION*, tan-te-le-za'-shfin. n. s. Act 
of tantalizing; state of being tantalized. Gayton. 

ToTA'NTALIZE§, tan'-ta-)ize. v. a. [from Tan- 
talus, whose punishment was to starve among fruits 
and water which he could not touch.] To torment 
by the show of pleasures which cannot be reached. 
Dryden. 

TA'NTALIZER*. tan'-ta-li-zur. n. s. One who tan- 
talizes. Wakefield. 

TANTAMOUNT, tant'-a-moimt. a. [Fr.] Equiv- 
alent. Glanville. 

TANTIVY, tan-nV-e. ad. [from the note of a hunt- 
ing horn, so expressed in articulate sounds. From 
tanla vi, says Skinner.] To ride tantivy is to ride 
at sjeat speed. 

TA NTLING, tant'-lfng. 410. n.s. One seized with 

hopes of pleasure unattainable. 
To TAP §, tap. v. a. [tapper, Fr.] To touch lightly ; 
to strike gently, [caeppan, Sax. ; tappen, Dutch.] 
To pierce a vessel ; to broach a vessel. Sluxkspeare. 
To TAP*, tap. i>. n. To strike a gentle blow : as, 
He tapped at the door. 

TAP, tap. n. s. A gentle blow. Shak. [fcseppe, 
Sax.] A pipe at which the liquor of a vessel islet 
out. Chaucer. 
TAPE, tape. n. s. [tseppe, Sax.] A narrow fillet or 
band of nnen. Shakspeare. 
115 



TA'PER $, ta'-pftr. 76, 98. n. s. [fcapep, Sax.] A 
wax candle ; a light. Sfuikspeare. 

TA'PER, ta'-pftr. a. Regularly narrowed from the 
bottom to the top ; pyramidal ; conical. Dryden. 

To TA'PER, ta'-pur. v.n. To grow gradually small- 
er. Ran. 

To TA'PER*, ta'-pur. »». a. To make gradually 
smaller. To light with tapers. Warton. 

TA'PLRNESS*, ta'-p&r-nes. n.s. The state of be- 
ing taper. Shenstone. 

TA'PESTRY §, taps'-tre, or tap'-es-tre. n. s. [tapes- 
terie, tapissene, tapis, Fr.] Cloth woven in regular 
figures. Sluxkspeare. 

OCT Though the first is the most common, the last is the 
most correct pronunciation of this word. Accordingly 
all our orthoe'pists, who divido the words into syllables, 
but Mr. Sheridan, make this word a trisyllable. W. 

To TA'PESTRY*, taps'-tre, or tap'-es-tre. v. a. To 
adorn with tapestry. Harmar. 

TA'PET, tap'-h. n.s. [tapetia, Lat.] Worked or 
figured stuff. Spenser. 

TA'PHOUSE*, tap'-h6use. n. s. A room in which 
beer is drawn and sold in small quantities : in large 
inns now usually called the tap. Beaum. and Fl. 

TAPIS*, ta'-p?s. n. s. [Fr.] Literally, tapestry 
which formerly covered tables : whence matters 
laid upon the table for discussion. Henry, Lord 
Clarendon. 

TA'PLASH*, tap'-lash. n. s. [from tap, and perhaps 
lasche, FrJ Poor beer ; dregs. Bp. Parker. 

TAPROOT, tap'-r66t. n. s. [tap and root.] The 
principal stem of the root. Mortimer. 

TA'PSTER, tap'-st&r. n. s. [fcappepe, Sax.] One 
whose business is to draw beer in an alehouse. 
Sluxkspeare. 

TAR §, tar. n.s. [tape, Sax. ; terre, Teut. ; tiere, 
Dan.] Liquid pitch ; the turpentine of the pine or 
fir drained out by fire. Spenser. 

TAR, tar. n.s. [from tar, used in ships.] A sailor; 
a seaman,^ in colloquial language. Swift. 

To TAR, tar. v. a. To smear over with tar. Beaum. 
and FL [typian, Sax.] To tease ; to provoke. 
Sluxkspeare. 

TARANTULA, ta-ran'-tshu-la. 461. n. s. [Ital.] 
An insect whose bite is said to be only cured by 
musick. Sidney. 

TARDA'TION, tar-da'-sh&n. n. s. [tardo, Lat.] The 
act of hindering or delaying. 

TA'RDIGRADOUS, ta/de-grad-us. a. [tardigra- 
dns, Lat.] Moving slowly. Brown. 

TA'RDILY, tar'-de-le. ad. Slowly; sluggishly. 
Shakspeare. 

TA'RDINESS, tar'-de-nes. n.s. Slowness; sluggish- 
ness ; unwillingness to action or motion. Shak. 

TA'RDITY, tar'-de-le. n. s. [tar-ditas, Lat.] Slow- 
ness ; want of velocity. Dighy. 

TA'RDY§, tar'-de. a. [tardus, Lat. ; tardif, Fr.] 
Slow; not swift. Sarulys. Sluggish; unwilling to 
action or motion. Dryden. Dilatory ; late ; tedi- 
ous. Shak. Unwary : a low word. Hudibras. 
Criminal ; offending: a low word. Collier. 

To TA'RDY. tar'-de. u. a. [tarda; Fr.] To delay ; 
to hinder. Shakspeare. 

TARE, tare. n. s. [teeren, Dutch.] A weed that 
grows among corn. Hooker. The common vetch. 
Pope. 

TARE, tare. n. s. [Fr.] A mercantile word denot- 
ing the weight of any thing containing a commodi- 
ty; also the allowance made for it. 

TARE, tare, preterit of tear. Dryden. 

TARGE, tarje. )n. s. [fcap£, tap£a, 

TA'RGET, tar'-get. 381. \ Sax. ; targe, Ital. and 
Fr.; tarian, Welsh.] A kind of buckler or shield 
borne on the left arm. It seems to be commonly 
used for a defensive weapon, less in circumference 
than a shield. 



05= Mr. Perry and Mr. Barclay are the only orthoe'pists 
who make the g in this word [target] soft. Mr. Sheridan, 
Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Dyche, 
and that profound searcher into English sounds, Mr. 
Elphinston, make it hard, as in forget ; and, if etymolo- 
gy be any rule, the Erso word an taargett is decidedly 



TAS 



TAU 



in? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin ;—• 



for almost all our Eng- I 
rd before e and i, are of 



. s. Hempen 
A sailor. Lord 



in favour of this pronunciation 

lish words, which have the g hard before 

Erse or Saxon original.— See Principles, No. 380, 

381. W. 

TARGETI'ER, tar-get-teer'. n. s. One armed with 
a target. Chapman. 

TA'RG UM, tar'-gum. n. s. A paraphrase on Scrip- 
ture in the Chaldee language. Patrick. 

TA'RGUMIST*, tar'-gifin-'ist. n. s. A writer in the 
targums. Milton. 

TA'RIFF, tar' -if. 81. n.s. [tan/, Fr.] A cartel of 
commerce. Addison. 

TARN, tarn. n. s. [tiaurn, Icel.] A bog ; a fen ; a 
marsh ; a pool ; a quagmire. Kay. 

To TA'RNISH §, tar'-nlsh. v. a. [ternir, Fr.] To 
sully; to soil ; to make not bright. Collier. 

To TA'RNISH, tar'-nlsh. v. n. To lose brightness. 
Collier. 

TA RPA'WLING, tar-pawl'-ni 
cloth smeared with tar. Dnjo 
Clarendon. 

TA'RRAGON, tar'-ra-g&n. n. s. A plant called herb 
dragon. 

TA'RRIANCE, tar'-re-anse. n. s. Stay; deiay ; per- 
haps sojourn. Shakspeare. 

TA'RRIER, tar' -re-fir. [See Hakier.] n. s. [terre, 
Fr.] A sort of small dog, that hunts the fox or otter 
' out of his hole. Dry den. 

TA'RRIER, tar'-re-fir. n. s. One that tarries or 
stays ; one that waits; whatever delays or puts off. 
Sir T. Elyot. 

7'oTA'RRY $, tar'-re. 81. v. n. [targir, Fr. ; traeghen, 
Teut.] To stay ; to continue in a place. Sliak. To 
delay; to be long in coming. Psalms. To wait ; to 
expect attending. Exod. xxiv. 

To TA'RRY, tar'-re. v. a. To wait for. Shak. 

TA'RRY*, tar'-re. 82. a. Consisting of tar ; resem- 
bling tar. More. 

TA'RSEL, tar'-sl!. 99. n. s. A kind of hawk. Prior. 

TA'RSUS, tar'-sus. n. s. [rdpaoi, Gr. ; torse, Fr.] 
The space betwixt the lower end of the fossil bones 
of the leg and the beginning of the five long bones 
that are jointed with, and bear up, the toes. Did. 

TART§, tart. a. [fceapfc, Sax.; taeriig, DutchJ 
Sour ; acid ; acidulated ; sharp of taste. Sir T. 
Elyot. Shai - p ; keen ; severe. Shakspeare. 

TART, tart. n. s. [tarte, Fr. ; tarta, Ital. ; iaart, Dan.] 
A small pie of fruit. Bacon. 

TA'RTANE, tar'-tan. n.s. [tartana, Tta).- } tartane, 
Fr.] A vessel much used in the Mediterranean, 
with one mast and a three-cornered sail. Addison. 

TA'RTAR6, tar'-tar. n.s. [lartarus, Lat.] Hell: a 
word used by the old poets. Spe?iser. [tartre, Fr.] 
What sticks to wine casks, like a hard stone, either 
white or red, as the colour of the wine from whence 
it comes. Quincy. — To catch a Tartar. See To 
Catch. 

TARTAREAN, tar-ta'-re-an. a. [tartams, Lat.] 
Hellish. Milton. 

TARTA'REOUS, tar-la'-re-fis. a. Consisting of tar- 
tar. Grew. Hellish. Milton. 

TARTARIZA'TION*, tar-tar-e-za'-shfin. n. s. The 

act of forming lartar. Biblioih. Bihl. 
To TARTARl'ZE, tar'-tar-lze. v. a. To impregnate 
with tartar. 

TA'RTAROUS, tar'-tar-fis. a. Containing tartar ; 
consisting of tartar. Bp. Berkeley. 

TA'RTISH*, tarl'-ish. a. Somewhat tart. Scott. 

TA'RTLY, tart'-le. ad. Sharply; sourly; with acidi- 
ty. Sharply ; with poignancy ; with severity. 
Walker. With sourness of aspect. Shakspeare 

TA'RTNESS, tart'-nes. n. s. Sharpness ; sourness ; 
acidity. Mortimer. Sourness of temper; poignan- 
cy of language. Shakspeare. 

TA'RTUFISH*, tar'-tfitfsh. a. [from tartu/e, Fr.] 
Perhaps precise ; formal ; or morose. Sterne. 

TASK§, task. 79. n. s. [tasche, Fr.; tassa, Ital.] Some- 
thing to be done imposed by another. Milton. Em- 
ployment; business. Aiterbury. — To take to task. 
To reprove^ to reprimand. L Estrange. 
To TASK, task. v. a. To burthen with something to 
be done. Sliakspeare. 



s. One whe 

imposes tasks 



TA'SKER, task'-fir. ) n . 

TASKMASTER, task'-ma-stfir. $ 
Milton. One who undertakes a task, as a day-la- 
bourer. 

TA'SSEM, tas'-sel. 102. [tas'-sel, Perry, Jones, 
Fulton and Knight ; tos'-l, Sheridan.] n. s. [iasse : 
Fr. ; tasselus, low Lat.] An ornamental bunch of 
silk, or glittering substances. Spenser. 

TA'SSEL*. tas'-sel. n. s. [properly tercel, or tiercel , 
terzuolo, Ital.] The male of the gosshawk. Spenser. 

TA'fEu'i^fi n - s - Anherb - AinswoHh - 

TA'SSELED, [TASSELLEDf] tas'-seld. a. Adorn 
ed with tassels. Chaucer. 

TA'SSES, tiis'-sez. n. s. Armour for the thighs. Aim> 
worth. 

TA'STABLE, tast'-a-bl. 405. a. That may be tast 
ed ; savoury ; relishing. Boyle. 

To TASTE$, taste, v. a. [taster, old Fr.; fasten, 
German and Teut.] To perceive and distinguish 
by the palate. St. John, ii. To try by the mouth ; 
to eat, at least in a small quantity. Milton. To es- 
say first. Knolles. To obtain pleasure from. Ca- 
rew. To feel ; to have perception of. Heb. ii. To 
relish intellectually ; to approve. Milton. 

To TASTE, taste, v. n. To try by the mouth ; to eat. 
Milton. To have a smack ; to produce on the pal- 
ate a particular sensation. Bacon. To distinguish 
intellectually. Swift. To be tinctured, or receive 
some quality or character. Shak. To try the rel- 
ish of any thing. Davies. To have perception of. 
Shak. To take to be enjoyed. Milton. To enjoy 
sparingly. Dryden. 

TASTE, taste, n.s. The act of tasting ; gustation. 
Milton. The sense by which the relish of any thing 
on the palate is perceived. Bacon. Sensibility ; 
perception. Sliak. That sensation which all things 
taken into the mouth give particularly to the tongue, 
the papilla? of which are the principal instruments 
hereof. Exodus, xvi. Intellectual relish or discern- 
ment. Hooker. An essay ; a trial ; an experiment. 
Sliak. A small portion given as a specimen. Bacon. 

TASTED, tasl'-ed. a. Having a particular relish. 
Bacon. 

TA'STEFUL, tast'-ful. a. High relished ; savoury. 
Bp. Hall. 

TA'STELESS, tast'-les. a. Having no power of 
perceiving taste. Having no relish or power of 
stimulating the palate; insipid. Boyle. Having no 
power of giving pleasure; insipid. Addison. Hav- 
ing no intellectual gust. Orrery. 

TA'STELESSNESS, tast'-les-iies. n.s. Insipidity; 
want of relish. Whitlock. Want of perception of 
taste. Want of intellectual relish. Swift. 

TA'STER, tast'-fir. n. s. [tasteur, Fr.] One who 
takes the first essay of food. Crashaw. A dram 
cup. Ains-worth. 

TA'STY*, tas'-te. a. Expressed or done so as to 
show intellectual relish : a modern word. 

To TATTER §, tat'-tfir. v. a. [fcotaepan, Sax.] To 
tear ; to rend ; to make ragged. Shakspeare. 

TA'TTER, tat'-tfir. n.s. A rag; a fluttering rag. 
V Estrange. 

TATTERDEMA'LION, tat-tfir-de-mal'-yun. n. s. 
A ragged fellow. Howell. 

To TA'TTLE $, tat'-tl. 405. v.n. [tateren, Dutch.] 
To prate; to talk idly; to use many words with lit 
tie meaning. Spenser. 

TA'TTLE, tat'-tl. n. s. Prate ; idle chat ; trifling 
talk. Swift. 

TA'TTLER, tat'-tl-5r. n. 5. An idle talker; a prater. 
Bp. Taylor. 

TATTO'O, iat-t66'. n.s. [tapoteztous. Fr.] The beat 
of drum by which soldiers are warned to their quar- 
ters. Prior. 

TAUGHT, tawt. 213, 393. preterit and part, passive 
of teach. Tsaiah. liv. 

To TAUNT §, tant, or tawnt. [tant, Jones, Fulton 
and Knight.] v. a. [tamer, Fr.J To reproach ; to 
insult; to revile; to ridicule ; to treat with insolence 
and contumelies. Shak. To exprobtute; to mention 
with upbraiding. Sliakspeare. 
914 



TAX 



TEA 



—no, move, ndr, ndtj— tibe, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pAfind ;— //(in, thjs. 



#3- I havo every orthoepist in the language against me 
in the preference I give to the first sound of this word, 
,![ .Mr Elphinston; ami his authority as an anulo- 
i;ist outweighs every other. 1 see no good reason that 
this word should have the broad Bound of a, and not 
aunt, liuuut, Jaunt, jaunt, and the proper name Saun- 
ders ; nor is my ear much accustomed to hear it so pro- 
nounced. — See Saunter Haunt, and Principles, No. 
211. W. 
TAUNT, tant. 214. n.s. Insult ; scoff; reproach; rid- 
icule. Shakspeare. 

TA UNTER, tnnt'-ur. n. s. One who taunts, re- 
proaches, or insults. Huloet. 

TA UNTINGLY, tant'-Ing-le. ad. With insult; scof- 
ringlv; with eontumelv and exprobration. SJiak. 

TAURICO'RNOUS, taw-re-keV-nus. a. [taurus and 
cornu, I, at.] Having horns like a bull. Broicn. 

TAU'RVS*Aaw'-rQs. n. s. [Lai.] The second sign 
in the zodiack. Shakspea7-e. 

TAUTOLOGICAL, taw-t6-ldd*'-je-kal. a. [tautolo- 
gique, Fr.] Repeating the same thing. Burton. 

TAUTO'LOGiST.taw-ldl'-lo-jist. n.s. One who re- 
peats the same thing. 

To TAUTOLOGIZE*, iaw-toF-16-jlze. v.n. To re- 

r?at the same thing. Smith. 
UTO'LOGYMaw-t61'46-je.518. n.s. [ravroAo- 
yia ; ratra and \6yos, Gr. ; tautologie, Fr.] Repeti- 
tion of the same words, or of the same sense in dif- 
ferent words. Glanville. 
TAl TO/PHONY t, taw-tof-6-ne. n.s. A successive 
repetition of the same sound. 

25" 1 have long wished to insert this word into my vo- 
cabulary, from a conviction of its utility in conversing 
on the sounds of words, but was deterred for want of an 
authority from any of our dictionaries, when, upon 
reading the very learned and ingenious Essay on the 
Prosodies of the Greek and Latin Languages, I found the 
word used in exactly that manner, which shows the 
propriety, and even necessity, of adopting it. The 
learned author says, " The most extraordinary tau- 
tophony which he [EustathiusJ mentions, is that of the 
vowels t and n, in the proper names of the goddesses Tpis 
and r Hp>7." — On the Prosodies of the Greek and Latin 
Languages : printed for Robson, 1796. W. 

TAVERN §, taV-Qrn. n. s. [taverne, Fr. ; tabei-na, 
Lat.] A house where wine is sold, and drinkers 
are entertained. Sliakspeare. 

TAVERN ER, tav'-urn-fir. } n . s. \ta- 

TA VERNKEEPER, tav'-ura-keep-ur. £■ bernarius, 

TA'YERNMAN, tav'-urn-man. ) Lat. ; ta- 

vernter, Fr.] One who keeps a tavern. Camden. 

TA VERNliNG*, tav'-urn-ing. n. s. Act of feasting 
at taverns. Bp. Hull. 

To TAW $, taw. 219. v. a. [tomcen, Dutch ; fcapian, 
Sax.] To dress white leather, commonly called 
alum leather, in contradistinction from tan leather, 
that which is dressed with bark. Beaumani and 
Fletcher. 

TAW. taw. n. s. A marble to play with. Swift. 

TA'YVDRILY* taw'-dre-le. ad. In a tawdry man- 
ner- Pullevey. 

TA'WDRINESS, taw'-dre-nes. n.s. Tinsel finery ; 
finery ostentatious, without elegance. Richardson. 

TAWDRY $, taw'-dre. 219. u. [from Slawdrey. 
Saint Awdrey, or Saint Etbeldred, as the things 
bought at Saint Etheldred's fair.] Meanly showy; 
splendid without cost; fine without grace ; showy 
without elegance. Spenser. 

TA'WDRY, taw'-dre. n. s. A slight ornament ; a 
kind of necklace worn by country wenches. Dray- 
ton. 

TAWED*, tawd. part. a. Of the colour of tan; im- 
browned. Sackville. 

TA WER, taw'-fir. n. s. [tapepe, Sax.] A dresser 
of leather. Barret. 

TA'WNY, uW-ne. 219. a. [tane, tanne, Fr.] Yellow, 
like things tanned. Shakspeare. 

TAX$, taks. n. s. [tasg, Welsh; taxe, Fr. ; taxe, 
Dutch.] An impost; a tribute imposed; an excise; 
a tallage. Dryden. [taxo, Lat.] Charge ; censure. 
Beaumont and Fletcher, [taxa, low Lat.] Task ; 
lesson to be learned. Articles of Eccl. Visitation 
and Inquiry. I 



To TAX, taks. v. a. [taxer, Fr.] To load with im- 
posts. 2 Kings, xxiii. [taxo, Lat.] To charge; to 

censure ; to accuse. Raleigh. 
TA'XABLE, taks'-a-bl. 405. a. That may be taxed. 

Sherwood. 
TAXATION, taks-a/-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; taxatio, Lat.] 
The act of loading with taxes; impost; tax. Sidney. 
Accusation; scandal. Shakspeare. 
TA'XEJt, tiiks'-vir. 98. n.s. One who taxes. Bacon. 
TEA, to. 227. n.s. [a word probably Chinese; tM, 
Fr.] A Chinese plant, of which the infusion has 
lately been much drunk in Europe. Waller. 
To TEACH §, tetsh. 352. v. a. pret. and part. pass. 
taught, sometimes teadied. [teecan, Sax.] To in- 
struct ; to inform, as a master : correlative to learn. 
Isaiah, ii. To deliver any doctrine or art, or words 
to be learned. Deut. xxxi. To show ; to exhibit so 
as to impress upon the mind. Slvak. To tell ; to 
give intelligence. Tusser. 
To TEACH, tetsh. 227. y. n. To perform the office 

of an instructor. Mic. iii. 
TF/ACHABLE, tetsh'-a-bl. 405. a. Docile ; suscep- 
tive of instruction. WiUcins. 
TF/ACHABLENESS, tetsh' -a-bl-nes. n.s. Docility; 

willingness to learn ; capacity to learn. Granger. 
TE'ACHER, tetsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who teaches; 
an inslructer ; preceptor. Hooker. One who, with- 
out regular ordination, assumes the ministry. Swift. 
A preacher ; one who is to deliver doctrine to the 
people. Raleigh. 
TEAD, ;. A , {n.s. [tede, old Fr.; tccda, Lat.] A 
TEDE, X ieae - 1 torch ; a flambeau. Spenser. Ob. J. 
TEAGUE, teeg. 227, 337. n. s. A name of contempt 

used for an Irishman. Prior. 
TEAL, tele. 227. n. s. [teelingh, Dutch.] A wild fowl 

of the duck kind. Carew. 
TEAM §, teme. 227. n. s. [temo, Lat. ; team, Sax.] 
A number of horses or oxen drawing at once the 
same carriage. Spenser. Any number passing in 
a line. Dry den. 
To TEAM*, teme. v. a. To join together in a team. 

Spenser. 
TEAR§, tere. 227. n.s. [ea in this word is pronounc- 
ed ee ; tagr, M. Goth. ; fceap, Sax. ; daigr, Welsh.] 
The water which violent passion forces from the 
eves. Bacon. Any moisture trickling in drops 
Dryden. 
To TEAR.§, tare. v. a. pret. tore, anciently tare; 
part. pass. torn, [tairan, gatairan, M. Goth. ; taera, 
Su. Goth.: taepan, Sax. ; ea is pronounced as a, 
and tear rhymes to square.] To pull in pieces ; 
to lacerate; to rend; to separate by violent pulling. 
Gen. xliv. Tolaniate; to wound with any sharp 
point drawn along. Jer. xvi. To break or take 
away by violence. Dryden. To divide violently ; 
to shatter. Locke. To pull with violence ; to drive 
violently. Dryden. To lake away by sudden vio- 
lence. Waller. To make a violent rent Shak. 

05= The inconvenience of having two words, of different 
significations, written alike, and pronounced different- 
ly, is evident in this and the preceding word ; and this 
inconvenience is perhaps greater than that where the 
orthography is different and the pronunciation the 
same; but, perhaps, the greatest inconvenience is the 
former, where the orthography is the same, and the 
pronunciation different. — See Bowl. W. 

To TEAR, tare. v. n. [tieren, Dutch.] To fume ; to 
rave; to rant turbulently. U Estrange. 

TEAR, tare. 73, 240. n. s. A rent ; fissure. 

TE'ARER, ta'-rur. 98. n. s. One who rends or tears; 
one who blusters. 

TE'ARFALLSNG, tere'-fal-lfng. a. Tender; shed- 
ding tears. Shakspeare. 

TE'ARFUL, tere'-ful. a. Weeping; full of tears. 

TE'ARLESS* tere'-les. a. Without tears. Sandys. 

To TEASE $, tezc. 227. v. a. [taepan, Sax.] To 
comb or unravel wool or flax. Milton. To scratch 
cloth in order to level the nap. To torment with 
importunity ; lo vex with assiduous impertinence 
Butler. 

TE'ASEL, te'-zl. n. s. [tsepl, Sax.] A plant. MtLer 

TE'ASELER'-.teAzl-ur. n.s, [teizeler. Norm. Fr 1 
915" 



TEL 



TEM 



ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



One who raises the nap on woollen cloth by means 
of the teasel. Kelham. 
TE'ASER, te'-z&r. 98. n. s. Whoever or whatever 

torments bv incessant importunity. Fuller. 
TEAT, tile.* 227, 232. n.s. [teth, Welsh ; fcifc,Sax.; 

tete, Dutch ; teton, Fr.] A dug j a pap. Bacon. 
TE'CHILY, tetsh'-e-Ie. ad. Peevishly j fretfully ; fro- 

wardly. 
TE'CHINESS, tetsh'-e-nes. n.s. Peevishness ; fret- 
fulness. Bp. Hall. 
TECHNICAL §, tek'-ne-kal.353. a. [n%»u6s, Gr.; 
technique, Fr.] Belonging to arts ; not in common 
or popular use. Locke. 
TECHNICALLY*, teV-ne-kal-le. ad. In a techni- 
cal manner. Warton. 
TECHNOLOGY*, tek-n&l'-o-je. n. s. [te^vj? and 
Aoyof.] A description or discourse upon arts. 
Twells. 
TE'OHY§, telsh'-e. 352. a. [for touchy, that is, incli- 
nation to be touched with whatever is said or done.] 
Peevish ; fretful ; irritable ; easily made angry ; fro- 
ward. Shakspeare. 
TECTO'NICK, tek-t&nMk. 509. a. |Wov«fr.] Per- 
taining to building. Bailey. 
To TED, ted. v.a. [fceaban. Sax.] To spread 
abroad new-mown grass, in order to make it into 
hay. Milton. 
TE'DDERS, ted'-d&r. )n. s. [tudder, Dutch; tiudt, 
TETHER, teTH'-ur. \ Ice}.] A rope with which 
a horse is tied in the field that he may not pasture 
too wide. Any thing by which one is restrained. 
Bacon. 
To TE'DDER*, ted'-d&r. » a. To tie up ; to re- 
strain. Fellham. 
TE DE' UM, le-de'-um. n.s. A hymn of the church , so 
called from the two first words of the Latin. Bacon. 
TE'DIOUS§, te'-de-us, or te'-je-fis. 293, 294. a. [le- 
dieux, Fr. ; taidium, Lat.] Wearisome by continu- 
ance ; troublesome ; irksome. Milton. Wearisome 
by prolixity. Acts, xxiv. Slow. Harte. 
TE'DIOUSLY, te'-de-us-ie, or te'-je-fis-le. 294. ad. 

In such a manner as to weary. JJrayton. 
TE'DIOUSNESS, te'-de-&s-nes, or te'-je-fis-nes. 
n. s. Wearisomeness by continuance. Davies. 
Wearisomeness by prolixity. Hooker. Prolixity ; 
length. Shakspeare. Uneasiness ; tiresomeness ; 
quality of wearying. Hooker. 
To TEEM §, teem. 246. v. n. [fceman, Sax.] To 
bring young. Shak. To be pregnant ; to engen- ! 
der young. Shak. To be full ; to be charged as a 
breeding animal. Addison. 
To TEEM, teem. 7). a. To bring forth; to produce. 

Shakspeare. To 'pour. Swift. 
TE'EMER, leem'-Sr. 98. n. s. One that brings young. 
TE'EMFUL, teem'-f&l. a. [teampul, Sax.] Preg- 

.nant ; prolifick. Brimful. Ainsworth. 
TE'EMLESS, teem'-les. a. Unfruitful ; not prolifick. 

Dryden. 
TEEN §, teen. n.s. [cm an, Sax.; tenen, Flemish.] 

Sorrow ; grief. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To TEEN, teen. v. a. [cinan, Sax.] To excite ; to 

provoke to do a thing. Chaucer. Ob. J. 
TEENS, teenz. n. s. The years reckoned by the ter- 
mination teen ; as, thirteen, fourteen. Granville. 
TEETH, teei/i. The plural of tooth. Job,x\\. 
To TEETH, teei/i. v. n. To breed teeth ; to be at 

the time of dentition. Arbuthnot. 
TEG. See Tag. 

TE'GUMENTjteg'-u-ment. n.s. [tegumentum, L?ft,jj 
Cover ; the outward part ; seldom used but in 
anatomy or physicks. Brown. 
TEHE'E*, te-he'. interj. An old expression for a 

laugh. Chancer. 
To TE'I'EE, te'-he. v. n. To laugh with a loud and 
more insolent kind of cachinnation ; to titter. Hu- 
dibras, 
TEIL, tele, n.s. [tilia, Lat.] The same with linden 

or lime tree. Isa. vi. 
TEINT, tint. n. s. [teinte, Fr.] Colour; touch of the 

pencil. Dryden. 
TE'LARY, tel'-a-re. a. [tela, Lat.] Spinning webs. 
Brown. 



TE'LEGRAPH*, tel'-e-graf. n.s. [telegraplie. Fr. 
from rcXos and ypaQo), Gr.] An instrument that 
answers the end of writing by conveying intelli- 
gence to a distance through the means of signals. 
Mason. 

TELESCOPES, tel'-le-sk6pe. n.s. [telescope, Fr. ; 
from TrjXe and cko-km, Gr.] A long glass, by which 
distant objects are viewed. Watts. 

TELESCOPIC A L, tel-le-sk&p'-e-kal. 518. ) 

TELESCO'PICK*, tel-le-sk&p'-lk. \ "• 

Belonging to a telescope ; seeing at distance. Hist. 
R. S. iv. 

TE'LESM§*, tel'-ezm. n. s. [talism, Arab.] A kind 
of amulet or magical charm. Gregory. 

TELESMA'TICAL*,tel-les-mat'-e-kal. a. Belong 
ing to telesms. Gregory. 

TELESTICK*, te-lesMlk. n.s. [tcAoj and cn X o S :\ 
A poem, where the final letters of each line make 
up a name. B. Jonson. 

To TELL§, tell. v.a. preterit and part. pass. told. 
[tellan, Sax. ; taelen, tellen, Dutch ; ialen, Dan.] 
To utter ; to express ; to speak. Gen. xxiv. To 
relate ; to rehearse. Job, xv. To teach ; to inform. 
Spenser. To discover ; to betray. Num. xiv. To 
count; to number. Waller. To make excuses. 
Sliakspeare. 

To TELL, tell, v. n. To give an account ; to make 
report. Ps. xxvi. — To tell on. To inform of. 1 
Sam. xxvii. 

TE'LLER, tel'-l&r. 98. n.s. One who tells or relates. 
Shak. One who numbers ; a numberer. — A teller 
is an officer of the exchequer, of which there are 
four in number; their business is to receive all 
moneys due to the king, and give the clerk of the 
pell a bill to charge him therewith : they also pay 
all persons any money payable to them by the koig, 
by warrant from the auditor of the receipt : they 
also make books of receipts and payments, which 
ihey deliver the lord treasurer. Cowel. 

TE'LLTALE, tel'-tale. n. s. One who gives malicious 
information ; one who carries officious intelligence. 
Shakspeare. 

TE'LLTALE*, teT-tale. «. Blabbing; telling tales; 
giving malicious information. Sliakspeare. 

TEMERA'RIOUS§, tem-er-a'-re-fis. a. [temeraire, 
Fr. ; temerarius, Lat.] Rash ; heady ; unreasonably 
adventurous ; unreasonably contemptuous of dan- 
ger. L' Estrange. Careless ; heedless ; done at 
random. Ray. 

TEMERA'RlOUSLY*, tem-er-a'-re-us-le. ad. 
Rashly ; with unreasonable contempt of danger ; 
without heed. Bp. Bramluxll. 

TEME'RITY, te-mer'-e-te. n. s. [temeriti, old Fr. ; 
temeritas, Lat.] Rashness"; unreasonable contempt 
of danger. More. 
To TEMPER §, tem'-pur. 98. v.a. [tempero, Lat. ; 
temperer, Fr.] To mix so as that one part qualifies 
the other. Milton. To compound ; to form by mix- 
ture ; to qualify as an ingredient. Shak. To min- 
gle. Ezek. xlvi. To beat together to a proper con- 
sistence. Shak-. To accommodate; to modify. 
Wisdom, xvi. To bring to due proportion ; to 
moderate excess. Milton. To soften ; to mollify ; 
to assuage ; to soothe ; to calm. Spenser. To form 
metals to a proper degree of hardness. Milton. To 
govern. Spenser. 
TE'MPER, tem'-pur. n. s. Due mixture of contrary 
qualities. Raleigh. Middle course ; mean, or me- 
dium. Swift. Constitution of body. Burnet. Dis- 
position of mind. Hammond. Constitutional frame 
of mind. Shak. Calmness of mind ; moderation. 
B. Jonson. Stale to which metals are reduced, 
particularly as to hardness. Shakspeare. 
TE'MPERAMENT, tem'-per-a-ment. n.s. Jemper- 
amenium, Lat. ; temperament, Fr.] Constitution ; 
state Avith respect to the predominance of any qual- 
ity. Locke. Medium ; due mixture of opposites. 
Hale. 
TEMPERAMENTAL, tem-per-a-ment'-al. a. Con- 
stitutional. Brown. 
TE'MPERANCE,tem'-per-anse. 88. n.s. [temperan- 
tia, Lat.J Moderation: opposed to gluttony and 



TEA! 



TEN 



-n6, move, nfir, n6t ;— tube, tfib, bull ; — 6?l ;— pdund ;— Hun, THis. 



drunkenness. Milton, Patience ; calmness ; sedate- 
ness ; moderation of passion. Spenser. 
TEMPERATE, ten/per-ate. 91. o. [temperatus, 
Lat.] Not excessive; moderate in degree of any, 
OiafilY. Bacon. Moderate in meat and drink, i 
Wiseman. Free from ardent passion. Shakspeare. 
TE MPERATELY, tem'-per-ate-le. ad. Moderate- 
ly ; not exeesavely. Addison. Calmly | without 
violence of passion. Sliakspeare. Without gluttony 
or luxury. Bp. Taylor. 
TE'MPE&ATENESS, tem'-pSr-ate-ne's. n. s. Free- 
dom from excesses ; mediocrity. Calmness; coolness 
of mind. Daniel. 
TE IMPERATIVE*, lem'-per-a-tiv. a. Having- pow- 
er to temper. Granger. 
TE MPERATURE, teW-per-a-ture. n. s. [tempera- 
!it,-a. Lat. ; temperature, Fr.J Constitution of nature ; 
degree of any qualities. Abbot. Mediocrity; due 
balance of contrarieties. Davies. Moderation ; 
freedom from predominant passion. Spenser. 
TE MPERED, tem'-pftrd. 359. a. Disposed with re- 
gard to the passions. ShaJcspeare. 
TE Ml' EST $, teW-pe'st. n. s. [tempeste, Fr. ; tem- 
pestas, Lat.] The utmost violence of the wind : the 
names by which the wind is called, according to the 
gradual increase of its force, seem to be, a breeze ; 
a gale ; a gust ; a storm ; a tempest. Slut/c. Any 
tumult; commotion; perturbation. Shakspeare. 
To TE MPEST*, tem'-pest. v. n. [tempester, Fr. ; 
tempestare, Ital.] To storm. Sandys. To pour a 
tempest on. B. Jonson. 
To TE'MPEST, tem'-pesl. v. a. To disturb as by a 

tempest. Mi/ton. 
TE'M PEST-BEATEN, tem'-pest-be-ln. a. Shatter- 
ed wjlh storms. Dry den. 
TEMPEST-TOST, tenV-pest-tost. a. Driven about 

by storms. Shakspeare. 
TEMPE'STIVEy*, tem-pes'-tlv. a. [tempestivus, 

Lat.) Seasonable. Scott. 
TEMRE'STIVELY*, t&n-peV-tlv-le. ad. Seasona- 

blv. Burton. 
TEMPESTI'VITY, tem-pes-t?v'-e-te. n. s. Season- 

ableness. Brown. 
TEMPE'STUOUS, tem-pes'-tshA-tk 461. a. [tem- 

pestueux, Fr.] Stormy ; turbulent. Spenser. 
TEMPESTUOUSLY*, tem-pes'-tshu-fis-le. ad. | 

Turbulentlv; as in a tempest. Milton. 
TEMPE'STUOUSNESS*, tem-pes'-tshu-5s-nes. j 

n. s. The state of being tempestuous. 
TEMPLAR, tem'-plar. 88. n. s. [from the Temple, \ 
a house near the Thames, anciently belonging to | 
the knights-/emp/ars, originally from the temple of j 
Jerusalem.] A student in the law. Pope. 
TEMPLE§, tem'-pl. 405. n. s. [-empel, Sax.jl 
templum, Lat.] A place appropriated to acts of re-{ 
ligion. Shak. [tempora, Lat.] The upper part of j 
the sides of the head where the pulse is felt. Wise- •, 
man. 
To TE'MPLE*, tem'-pl. v. a. To build a temple for ; 

to appropriate a temple to. FellJuxm. 
TEMPLET, t^m'-plet. n. s. A piece of timber in a 

building. Moxon. 
TE'MPORAL, tem'-pd-ral. 557, 170. a. [Fr. ; tem- 
poralis, hw Lat.] Measured by time; not eternal. 
Hooker. Secular; not ecclesiastical. Shak. Not 
spiritual. Sclden. [temporal, Fr.] Placed at the 
temples, or upper part of the sides of the head. Ar- 
buthnot. 
TEMPORA LITY, tem-po-ral'-e-te. ) n. s. [tempo- 
TEMPORALS. tem'-po-ralz. > ralite, Fr.] 

Secular ptssessions ; not ecclesiaslick rights. Coivet. 
TEMPORALLY, tem'-po-ral-e. ad. With respect to 

"this life. South. 
TEMPORA LNESS*, lem'-po-ral-nes. n. s. Secu- 
larly ; world! iness. Cotgrave. 
TEMPORALTY, tem'-po-ral-te. 170. n. s. The; 
laity ; secular people. Abbot. Secular posses- j 
sions. 
TEMPORA NEOUS, tem-po-ra'-ne-fis. a. [temporis, i 
1 -»Lat.] Temporary. HalhjweU. 
ra'MPORARINESS^em'-po-ra-re-ngs. n.s. The 
stale of being temporary ; not perpetuity. 



TEMPORARY, 

Lat. 
TEMI 



teV-po-ra-re. 170. a. [ternpue, 
Bacon. 
a'-sh&n. n. s 
mes or occasions. 



Lat.] Lasting only for a limited time 
'ORIZA'TION*, tem- P 6-re 



The act of complying with 
Johnson, 

To TEMPORIZES, tem'-p6-rlze. v.n. [temporiser, 
Fr.] To delay ; to procrastinate. Shak. To com- 
ply with the times or occasions. Daniel. To com- 
ply. Shakspeare. 

TEMPORIZER, tem'-po-rl-zfir. 98. n. s. [tempori- 
sew, Fr.] One that complies with times or occa- 
sions ; a trimmer. Burton. 

TEMSE BREAD, lemz'-br£d. )n. s. |teeme- 

TF75ISED BREAD, temzt' -bred. S r Ian > Sax l 
"Bread made of flour belter sifted than common. 

To TEMPT §, temt. 412. v. a. [tento, Lat. ; tenter 
Fr.] To solicit to ill ; to incite by presenting some 
pleasure or advantage to the mind ; to entice. 1 
Cor. vii. To provoke. Shak. It is sometimes 
used without any notion of evil ; to solicit ; to draw 
Milton. To try ; to attempt ; to venture on. Dry 
den. To prove ; to try. Gen. xxii. 

TEMPTABLE, uW-ta-bl. a. Liable to tempta 
lion ; obnoxious to bad influence. Swift. 

TEMPTATION, tem-uV-shfin. n. s. [temptation, 
old Fr.] The act of tempting; solicitation to ill ;- 
enticement. Milton. The state of being tempted. 
Duppa. That which is offered to the mind as a 
motive to ill. Shakspeare. 

TEMPT A'TIONLESS* te'm-ta'-shun-le's. a. Hav- 
ing no motive. Hammond. Oh. T. 

TEMPTER, tem'-tur. 98. n. s. One who solicits to 
ill ; an enticer. Sliakspeare. The infernal solicitor 
to evil. Hammond. 

TEMPTINGLY*, lem'-tlng-le. ad. So as to tempt 
or entice. Sir T. Herbert. 

TEMPTRESS*, tem'-tres. n. s. She that tempts or 
entices. Ford. 

TEMULENCYy, tem'-u-len-se. n. s. [tcmulentia, 
Lat.] Inebriation; intoxication bylia^or. Bullokar. 

TEMULENT, tem'-u-lent. a. [temulentus, Lat.] In- 
ebriated ; intoxicated as with strong liquors. 

TE MULENTIVE*, tem'-u-lgn-tlv. a. [temulentus, 
Lat.] Drunken 5 denoting the state of intoxication. 
Junius. 

TEN §, u!n. a. [ten, Sax. ; tien, Dutch ; tyna, Icel.] 
The decimal number ; twice five ; the number by 
which we multiply numbers into new denomina- 
tions. Biown. Ten is a proverbial number. Dry- 
den. ^ 

TE'NABLE, leV-a-bl. a. [tenable, Fr.] That maybe ^^ 
maintained against opposition ; that may be held ^ 
against attacks. Bacon. 

25= The quantity of c in the first syllable of this wore?, 
and its relatives tenet, tenor, and tenure, is one of the 
most, puzzling difficulties of pronunciation. How dif- 
ferently this letter is pronounced by different speakers 
may be gathered from a view of those orthoepists who 
have marked the quantity of the vowels: 



Sheridan, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tSnor, 


tenure. 


Kenrick, 


tenable, 


tSnet, 


t&nor, 


tenure. 


Nares, 


tenable, 





tenor, 


tenure. 


Ash, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tenor, 


tenure. 


Scott, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tSnor, 


tenure. 


Entick, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tUnor, 


tenure. 


Perry, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tenor, 


tenure. 


W. Johnston, 


tenable, 


tenet, 


tenor, 


tenure. 


Bailey, 








— — 


tenure. 


Buchanan, 


tenable, 





tSnor, 


tenure. 


Fry, 


tenable, 


tSuet, 


tSnor, 


tenure. 


Smith, 


• 


tenet, 





. 


Elphinston, 








tSnor, 






From this survey of our dictionaries, we find them uni- 
form only in the word tenor. They are nearly equally 
divided on the word tenet ; and, if similitude were to 
decide, it would be clearly in favour of the short vowel, 
in this word, as well as in tenor. They are both Latin 
words, and both have the vowel short in the original. 
This, however, is no reason with those who understand 
the analogy of English pronunciation, (for tremour 
minor, &c, have the first vowel short in Latin,) 594 ; 
but it sufficiently shows the partiality of the ear to the 
short vowel in words of this form, as is evident in the 
word tenant. The word tenable seems rather derived 
from the French tenable than the Latin teneo, and. l#- 
917 



TEN 



TEN 



(O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, m^tj— pine, p?n;- 



ing of a different form, comes under a different analogy. 
The termination able, though derived from the Latin 
akilis, is frequently annexed to mere English words, as 
pleasurable, pasturall>\ &c., and therefore makes no 
alteration in the accent or r;u3ntity of the word to 
which it is subjoined. 501. But, as tenable must be 
•considered as a simple in out language, the shortening 
power of the antepenultimate accent alone seems to 
determine the quantity of the first syllable of this word, 
which, like gelable, probable, &c, has the short quanti- 
ty of the original Latin to plead ; a plea which seems 
to have some weight in wirds of this termination, 
where the antepenultimate accent appears to have less 
influence than in most of the other classes of words. — 
See Fx-acable. The word tenure seems inclined to 
lengthen the first vowel, in order to distinguish itself 
^om tenor ; and, as there are no good reasons for short- 
ening it, this reason seem* sufficient to turn the balance 
in its favour, even if it had not analogy and such a 
weight cf usage on its sidt- W. 

TENACIOUS, te-H^-shfis. 357. a. [tenax, Lat.] I 
Grasping hard ; inclined to held fast-; not willing- 1 
to let go. South. Retentive. Locke, [tenace, Fr.] 
Having parts disposed to adhere to each other 3 \ 
cohesive ; viscous 5 glutinous. Nation. Niggard- 
ly ; close-fisted ; meanly parsimonious. Ains- 
worth. 
TENA'CIOUSLY, te-na'-sh&s-le. ad. With disposi- 
tion to hold fast. Glanville. 
TENA'CIOUSNESS, .te-na'-shus-nes. n. s. Unwil- 
lingness to quit, resign, or let go. Burke. 
TENACITY, te-nas'-e-te. n. s. [tenacite, Fr. ; tena- 
citas, tenax, Lat.] Tenaciousness. Broicn. Vis- 
cosity; glulinousness 3 adhesion of one part to an- 
other. Neicton. 
TE'NACY* teiV-a-se. n. s. [tenacia, low Lat.] Un- 
willingness to quit, resign, or let go. Barrow. 
TENANCY, ten'-an-se. n.s. [tenancie, old Fr.; te- 
nentia, law Lat.] Temporary possession of what be- | 
longs to another. Wotton. 
TENANTS, ten'-ant. n.s. [Fr.] One that holds of 
another ; one that on certain conditions has tempo- 
rary possession and use of the property of another : 
correlative to landlord. Shakspeare. One who re- 
sides in anv Hace. Cowley. 
To TENAN1 , ten'-ant. 544. v. a. To hold on cer- 
tain conditions. Addison. 
TEN ANT ABLE, ten'-ant-a-bl. 405. a. Such as may 

be held by a tenant. Suckling. 
TENANTLESS, ten'-ant-les. a. Unoccupied 3 un- 
possessed. Shakspeare. 
TENANTRY*, ten'-ant-re. n.s. Tenancy. Bp.Rid- 

leif. A body of tenants on an estate. 
TENANT-SAW, ten'-am-saw. n.s. See Tenon. 
TENCH, tensh. 352. n. s. [tince, Sax. ; tinea, Lat.] 

A pond-fish. Hale. 
To TEND$, tend. v. a. [contracted from attend.] To 
watch ; to guard ; to accompany as an assistant or 
defender. Spenser. To attend ; to accompany. 
Milton. To be attentive to. Milton.. 
To TEND, tend. v. n. [tendo, Lat.] To move to- 
wards a certain point or place. Wotton. [tendre, 
Fr.] To be directed to any end or purpose ; to aim 
at. Milton. To contribute. Hammond, [from at- 
tend!} To wait ; to expect. Shak. To attend ; to 
wait as dependants or servants. Shak. To attend 
as something inseparable. Shakspeare. 
TE'NDANCE, ten'-danse. 88. n. s. Attendance ; slate 
of expectation. Spenser. Persons attendant. Shale. 
Attendance; act of waiting. Slmk. Care; act of 
tending. Shakspeare. 
TENDENCE, ten'-dense. ) 88. n. s. Direction or 
TENDENCY, ten'-den-se. ) course towards any 
place or object. Bp. Taylor. Direction or course 
toward any inference or result ; drift. Wilkins. 
TENDERS, teV-d5r. 98. a. [tendre, Fr.] Soft ; ea- 
sily impressed or injured ; not firm ; not hard. Mil- 
ton. Sensible ; easily pained ; soon sore. Shak. 
Effeminate; emasculate; delicate. Spenser. Ex- 
citing kind concern. Sluik. Compassionate ; anx- 
ious "for another's good. Hooker. Susceptible of 
soft passions. Spenser. Amorous ; lascivious. Hu- 
dibras. Expressive of the softer passions. Prior. 
Careful not to hurt. Tillotson. Gentle ; mi'd ; un- 



willing to pain. Shak. Apt to give pain. Bacon. 
Young ; weak : as, tender aye. Cowley 

To TENDER, ten'-dur. v. a. To regard with kind- 
ness. Not used. Shak. To render susceptible of soft 
passions : a colloquial expression in some parts of 
England. 

To TENDER §, teV-dur. v. a. [tendre, FrJ To offer ; 
to exhibit ; to propose to acceptance. Hooker. To 
hold; to esteem. Shakspeare. 

PL NDER, ter/-dur. n. s. Offer 3 proposal to accep- 
tance. Shak. [from the adjective.] Regard ; kind 
concern. Shakspeare. A small ship attending on a 

TENDERHEARTED, ten-dfir-hart'-ed. a. Of a 

soft, compassionate disposition. Eph. iv. 
TENDERHEARTEDNESS*, ten-dur-hart'-gd- 

lie's, n.s. A compassionate disposition. Sherwood. 
TENDERLING, ten'-dur-ling. 410. n. s. The first 
horns of a deer. A fondling ; one who is made 
soft bv loo much kindness. Harrison. 
TENDERLY, ten'-dur-le. ad. In a tender manner; 
mildly; gently ; softly; kindly; without harshness. 
Shak. With a quick sense of pain. Ld. Clarendon. 
TENDERNESS, ten'-dur-nes. n. s. [tendresse, Fr.] 
The sta'.e of being tender 3 susceptibility cf impres- 
sion 3 not hardness. Bacon. State of being easily 
hurt ; soreness. Locke. Susceptibility of the soft- 
er passions- Shak. Kind attention; anxiety for 
the good of another. Bacon. Scrupulousness 3 cau- 
tion. Shak. Cautious care. Gov. of the Tongue. 
Soft pathos of expression. Shenstone. 
TENDINOUS, ten'-de-nus. a. [tendineux, Fr. ; ten- 
dinis, Lat.] Sinewy; containing iendons; consist- 
ing of tendons. Wiseman. 
TE NDMENT* tend'-ment. n. s. [from tend.] Act 

offending; care. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. 
TENDON, ten'-dun. 166. n. s. [iendo, Lat.] A sin- 
ew ; a ligature by which the joints are moved. 
Wiseman. 
TENDRIL, ten'-dr?l. n. s. [iendrilkm, Fr.] The 

clasp of a vine, or other climbing plant. MiUon. 
TENDRIL*, ten'-drfl. a. Clasping or climbing as 

a tendril. Dyer. 
TENE'BRICOSE, te-neb-re-k6se'. M27. a. [tene- 
TENEBROUS, ten'-e-br&s. S bricosus,tene- 

brosus, Lat. 3 tevebreux, Fr.] Dark 5 gloomy. 
Hawes. 
TENE'BRIOUS*, te-ne'-bre-us. a. Gloomy 3 tene- 
brous. Young. 
TENEBRO'SITY, len-e-brds'-e-te. n. s. [tenebros- 

tie, old Fr.] Darkness ; gloom. 
TENEMENT §, ten'-e-ment. n. s. [Fr. 3 tenemmtum 
law Lat.] Any thing held by a tenant. Spenser 



TENEMENTAL* ten-e-ment'-al. a. To be held by 
certain tenure. Blackslone. 

TENEMENTARY*, ten-e-mgnt'-a-re. a. Usually 
let out : denoting tenancy. Spelman. 

TENENT. n. s. See Tenet. 

TENE RITY, te-ner'-e-te. n. s. [teneritas, Lat.] Ten 
derness. Aimworth. 

TENE'SMUS, te-ney-miis. n. s. A needing to go 
to stool. Arbuthnot. 

TENET, ten'-net. 99. [See Tenable.] n. s. [tene 
Lat. he holds. It is sometimes written ienent, 
tlmi hold.] Position; principle; opinion. Brown. 

TENFOLD, leV-fold. a. Ten times increased. 
Milton. 

TENNIS, ten'-n?s. n. s. A play at which a ball is 
driven with a racket. Shakspeare. 

To TENNIS, ten'-nls. v. a. To drive as a bal'. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

TE' NON, ten'-fin. n.s. [Fr.] The end of a timber 
cut to be fitted into another timber. Exod. xxvi. 

TENOR,or TENOUR, ten'-n&r. [See Tenable.] 
n. s. [tenor, Lat.; teneur, Fr.] Continuity of 
state; constant mode ; manner of continuity ; gen 
eral currency. Sidney. Sense contained ; general 
course or drift. Sluxk. A sound in musick. Ba- 
con. 

TENSE, tense. 431. n.s. [temps, Fr.; tempus, Lat.] 
[In grammar.] A variation of the verb to signify 
time. Clarke 

918 



TER 



TER 



— n6, move, nor, n6t; — tube, tub, bulk— oil; — pound; — th'm, mis. 



TENSER tense. 431. a. [tensus, Lat.] Stretched; 

Stiff; not lax. Holder. 
TE NSENESS, teiise'-n&s. n. s. Contraction ; ten- 
sion : the contrary to laxity. Sharp. 
TE'NSIBLE, leV-se-b). 405. a. [tensus, Lat.] Capa- 
ble of being extended. Bacon. 
TE NSILE, ten'-sil. 140. a. [tensilis, Lat.] Capable 

of extension. Bacon. 
TE NSION, ion -shun, n.s. [Fr.jfensws, Lat.] The 
net of stretching; not taxation. Holder. The stale 
of being stretched ; not laxity. Blackmore. 
TE NS1VE, ten -siv. 158, 4'28. a. [te^/s, Lat.] Giv- 
ing a sensation of stiffness or contraction. Floi/er. 
TE NSURE, ten -share. 461. h.s. [tensus, Lat.l" The 
act of stretching-, or stale of being stretched; the 
contrary to luxation or laxity. Bacon. 
TENT 5, tSnt. n: s. [tente, Fr. ; tentorium, Lat.] A 
soldier's movable lodging piace, commonly made of 
canvass extended upon poles. Acts, xviii. Any tem- 
porary habitation; a pavilion. Milton, [tewte, Fr.] 
A roll of lint put into a sore. Shak. [vino tinto, 
Span.] A species of wine deeply red, chiefly from 
Gallicia in Spain. Howett. 
To TENT, tent. v. n. To lodge as in a tent ; to tab- 
ernacle. Shakspeare. 
To TENT. i£nt. v. a. To search as with a medical 

tent. Shakspeare. 
TE'NTAGE*, ten'-tldje. n. s. An encampment. 

Drayton. Ob. T. 
TENTA'TION,ten-ta / -shfin.n.s. [Fr.; tentatio, Lat.] 

Trial ; temptation. Bp. Hall. 
TENTATIVE, ten'-ta-tlv. 512. a. [lentatif, Fr.; 

tento, Lat.] Trj'ing ; essaying. Bp. Hall. 
TE NTED, tent'-ed. a. Covered with tents. Sliak. 
TENTER y, len'-tur. 98. n.s. [tendo , tentus , Lat. ; 
rincen^amSax.] A hook on which things are 
stretched. Overbury. — To be on the tenters. To 
be on the stretch ; to be in difficulties ; to be in sus- 
pense. Hitdibras. 
To TENTER, ten'-t&r. v. a. To stretch by hooks. 

Bacon. 
To TE'NTER, ten'-tor. v. n. To admit extension. 

Bacon. 
TE'NTERGROUND*, ten'-lnr-grdund. n. s. 
Ground on which tenters are erected for stretching 
clolh. Gray. 
TENTH, tfnft. a. [fceo&a, Sax.] First after the 

ninth; ordinal of ten. Boyle. 
TENTH, &nth. n.s. The tenth part. Shak. Tithe. 
Phillips. Tenths are that yearly portion which all 
living's ecclesiastical yield to the king. Cowel. 
TE NTHLY, tentfi'-le. ad. In the tenth place. 
TENTFGINGUS, ten-tid'-jln-us. a. [lentigo, Lat.] 

Stiff; stretched. 
TE'NTORY* ten'-tflr-e. n. s. [tentorium. Lat.] The 

awning of a tent. Evelyn. 
TE'NTWORT. tent'-wort. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. 
TENUIFO'LIOUS, ten-a-e-fAMe-fis. a. [tenuis and 

folium. Lat.] Having thin leaves. 
TENUTTY §, le-nu'-e-le. n. s. [tenuile, Fr. ; tenuitas, 
Lat.] Thinness; exility ; smallness; minuteness; 
not grossness. Bacon. Poverty ; meanness. King 
Charles. 
TE'NUOUS. leV-nu-us. a. [tenuis, Lat.] Thin; 

small ; minute. Brown. 

TE'NURE. tc'-nure. [See Tenable.] n.s. [teneo, 

Lat. ; tenure, Fr. ; lenura, law Lat.] The manner 

wherebv tenements are holden of their lords. Cowel. 

TEPEFA'CTION, tep-e-fak'-sliGn. n.s. [lepefacio, 

Lat J The act of warming to a small degree. 
TEPID §, lepMd. 544. a. [tepidus, Lat.] Lukewarm ; 

W3nn in a small degree. Arbuthnot. 
TEPI'DITY, te-pld'-'e-te. n. s. [tepiditi, old Fr.] 

Lukewarmness. Bp. Richardson. 
TE'POR, le'-por. 166, 544. n. s. [tepor, Lat.] Luke- 
warmness; gentle heat. Arbuthnot. 
TE RAPIN*. ter'-a-phi. n. s. A kind of tortoise. 

Hist, of Virginia. 
TERATO'LOGY, ter-a-tol'-6-je. n. s. [rtparos and 
Xf'yw.] Bombast; affectation of false sublimity. 
Bailey. 
TERCE, terse, n. s. [fierce, Fr. ; trims, Lat.] A 



vessel containing forty-two gallons or wine; the 
third part of a butt or f'.oe. B. Jonson 

TE'ROEL*, teV-sel. n. s. A hawk. See Tassel 

TE'REBINTH y*, ifr'-b-bhth. n, ». [terebinth, Fr. } 
repiiiivdos, Gr.l The turpentine tree. Spenser. 

TEREBl'NTHlNATE, ter-re-bln-'-^e-naie. 91. ) 

TEREBI'NTHINE, ler-r*-b?n'-*/i?n. 140. J a 

[terebinlhum, Lat.J Consisting of turpentine ; mixed 
with turpentine. Flcyer. 
To TEREBRATEy, ter'-re-brate. v. a. [terebro, 
Lai.] To bore ; lo perforate ; to pierce. Broivn. 

TEREBRA'TION, ter-re-bra'-sh&n. n. s. The act 
of boring or piercing. Bacon. 

TE'RET* ter'-it. a. [teres, leretis, Lat.] Round. 
Fotherby. 

TERGEMINOUS, tef-jem'-e-nas. a. [tergeminus, 

Lat.] Threefold. 
To TERGIVE'RSATEy* ter-je-ver'-sate. v. n. 
[tergum and rerto, Lat.] To boggle ; to shift ; to 
use evasive expressions. Bailey. 

TERGIVERSATION, ter-je-ver-sa'-shun. n. s. 
[Fr.] Shift; subterfuge ; evasion. Martin. Change; 
fickleness. Clarendon. 

TERM§, term. n.s. [terminus, Lat.] Limit; boun- 
dary. Bacon, [terme, Fr.] The word by which 
a thing is expressed. Bacon. Words ; language. 
Shak. Condition; stipulation. Dry fieri, [termine, 
old Fr.] Time for which any thing lasts; a limit- 
ed time. Shak. [In law.] The time in which ihe 
tribunals are open to all that list to seek their right 
by course of law : ihe rest of the year is called va- 
cation. Of these terms, there are four in every 
year; one is called Hilary term, "which begins the 
twenty-third of January, and ends the twenly-first 
of February ; another is called Easier term, which 
begins eighteen days after Easter, and ends the 
Monday next after Ascension-day; the third is 
Trinity term, beginning the Friday next after Trin- 
ity Sunday, and ending the Wednesday-fortnight 
after ; the fourth is Michaelmas term, beginning 
the sixth of November, and ending the twenty- 
eig-hth of November. Cowel. 

To TERM, term. v. a. To name ; to call. Locke. 

TE'RMAGANCY, ter'-ma-gan-se. n. s. Turbulence : 
tumultuousness. Barker. 

TE'RMAGANT §, ter'-ma-gant. 88. a. [tyji and 
ma^an, Sax.] Tumultuous; turbulent. Slia/c. 
Quarrelsome; scolding; furious. Arbidhnol. 

TE'RMAGANT, ter'-ma-gant. n. s. A scold ; a 
brawling, turbulent woman. It appears to have 
been anciently used of men. Sliakspeare. 

TERMER, ter'-m&r. n. s. One who travels up to 
the term. B. Jonson. One that holds for a term 
of years or life. Cowel. 

TERMINABLE, ter'-me-na-bl. a. Limitable; that 
admits of bounds. 

To TERMINATE §, teV-me-nate. r. a. [termino, 
Lat. ; terminer, Fr.] To bound ; to limit. Locke. 
To put an end lo : as, to terminate any difference. 

To TE'RMINATE, tfr'-me-nate. v. n. To be limit- 
ed ; to end ; to have an end ; to attain its end. 
Hammond. 

TERMINATION, ter-me-naAshfin. n.s. The act 
of limiting or bounding. Eound ; limit. Brown. 
End; conclusion. Last purpose. White. [In gram- 
mar : terminatio, Lat.] End of words as varied by 
their significa lions. Wults. Word ; term. Shak. 

TE'RMINATIVE*, teV-me-na-tfv a. Directing ter- 
mination. Bp. Rust. 

TE'RMINATIVELY*, ter'-me-na-tfv-le. ad. Abso- 
lutely ; so as not to respect any thing else. Bp. 
To. i/ lor. 

TERMI'NTHUS, ter-min'-f/ifis. n. s. [rfp^vOog.] 
A kind of tumour. Wiseman. 

TE'RMLESS, term'-les. a. Unlimited; boundless. 
Spenser. 

TE'RMLY*, term -le. a. Occurring every term. Ba- 
con. 

TE'RMLY tfr-m'-)e. ad. Term by term; every 
term. Bacon. 

TE'RNARY, teV-na-re. a. [lernaire, Fr. ; ternarlus, 
Lat.] Proceeding by threes; consisting of three 
919 



TER 


TET 


O* 559.— Fate, f*, fill, fat ; 


— me, m£t ; — pine, pin ; — 



TE'RNARY, ter'-na-re. > n. s. [ternarius, and ternio 

TE'RNION, uV-ne-fiu. C Lat.] The number three. 
Bp. Hall. ' 

TE'RRACE§, teV-ras. 91. n. s. [Fr. ; terraccia, Ital.] 
A mount of earth covered with grass or gravel. 
Temple. A balcony; an open gallery. Dry- 
den. 
To TERRACE, teV-ras. v. a. To open to the air 

or light. Wotton. 
TERRjE-FILIUS*, ter'-re-fn'-e-3s. n. s. [Lat.] 
Formerly', a satirical orator at the publick acts in 
the university of Oxford, not unlike the prevarica- 
tor at Cambridge. Guardir.ii. 

TERRAQUEOUS, ter-nV-kwe-us. a. {terra and 
aqua, Lat.] Composed of land and water. Wood- 
ward. 

TE'RRAR*, teV-rar. n. 5. [lerrarium, low Lat.] A 
terrier or register of lands. Cowel. 

To TERRE*. v. a. To provoke. See To Tar. 
Wicliffe. 

TE'RRE-BLUE. n. s. [terre and blue, Fr.] A sort 
of earth. Woodward. 

TE'RREMOTE*. n. s. [teremuet, old Fr. ; terras mo- 
tun, Lat.] An earthquake. Gower. Ob. T. 

TERRE- VERTE. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of earth. 
Woodward. 

TERRE'NE, ter-rene'. a. [terrenus, Lat.] Earthly ; 
terrestrial. Hooker. 

TERRE'NE*, ter-rene'. n. s. The surface of the 
whole earth. Milton. 

TE'RREOUS,teV-re-us.a. [terreus, Lat.] Earthy; 
consisting of earth. Glanvitle. 

TERRESTRIAL $, teT-res'-tre-al. a. [terrestris, 
Lai.] Earthly; not celestial. Spenser. Consisting 
of earth ; terreous. Woodward. 

TERRESTRIALLY*, ter-reV-tre-al-le. ad. After 
an earthly manner. More. 

To TERRESTRIFY, ter-reV-lre-fl. v. a. [terres- 
tris and facio, Lat.] To reduce to the state of 
earth. Brown. 

TERRESTRIOUS, ter-res'-tre-6s. a. {terrestris, 
Lat. ; lerrestre, Fr.] Terreous ; earthy ; consisting 
of earth. Brown. 

TE'RRIBLES, uV-re-bl. 405,160. a. [Fr.; terri- 
hilis, Lat.] Dreadful ; formidable ; causing fear. 
Shak. Great so as to offend : a colloquial nyper- 
bole. Clarendon. 

TE'RRIBLENESS, uV-re-bl-nes. n. s. Formida- 
bleness ; the quality of being terrible ; dreadful- 
ness. Sidney. 

TE'RRIBLY, uV-re-ble. ad. DreadfulJy; formida- 
bly ; so as to raise fear. Dryden. Violently ; very 
much. Swift. 

TE'RRIER, uV-re-ur. [See Tarrier.] n. s. [Fr. ; 
from terra, Lat.] A dog that follows his game un- 
der ground. Dryden. [terrier, Fr.] A survey or 
register of lands. Aijliffe. [from terebro, Lat.] A 
wimble, auger or borer. Ainsworth. 

TERRI'FICK. tSr-rlP-flk. 509. a. [terrifcus, Lat.] 
Dreadful ; causing terrour. Milton. 

To TE'RRIFY, uV-re-fl. v. a. [terror and facio, 
Lat.] To fright; to shock with fear; to make 
afraid. Job, vii. 

TERRITORIAL*, ter-re-uV-re-al. a. Belonging to 
a territory. Mountagu. 

TERRITORY §, teV-re-tfir-e. 557. [See Domes- 
tick.] ii.s. [territorium, low Lat.] Land; coun- 
try ; dominion ; district. Shakspeare. 

TE'RROUR, teV-r&r. 166. n. s. {terror, Lat. ; ter- 
reur, Fr.] Fear communicated. Milton. Fear re- 
ceived. Shak. The cause of fear. Milton. 

TERSE $, uVse. a. {ters, Fr.; terms, Lat.] Smooth. 
Brown. Cleanly written; neat; elegant without 
pompousness. Dryden. 

TE'RSELY*, ters'-le. ad. Neatly. B. Jonson. 

TE'RSENESS*, ters'-n£s. n.s. Smoothness or neat- 
ness of stvle. Dr. Warton. 

TERTIAN, ter'-shun. 88. n.s. {tertiana, La t.] An 
ague intermitting but one day, so that there are 
two fits in three days. Harvey. 
To TE'RTIATE, ter'-she-ate. v. a. {tertio,tertius, 
Lat.] To do any thing the third time. 



TESSELLATED, teV-sel-la-ted. a. [tessella, Lat.] 
Variegated by squares. Woodward. 

TESSERATCK*, teVse-ra'-ik. a. [tesseri, Fr. ; tes- 
sera, Lat.] Variegated by squares; tessellated. 
Sir R. Atkyns. 

TEST$, te'st. n. s. [test, Fr.; testa, Ital.] The cupel 
by which refiners try their metals. Chaucer. Trial ; 
examination : as, by the cupel. Shak. Means of 
trial. B. Jonson. That with which any thing is 
compared, in order to prove its genuineness. Pope. 
Discriminative characteristic^ Dryden. Judge- 
ment; distinction. Dryden. 

TESTABLE*, tes'-ta-bl. a. {testable, Fr.] Capable 
of witnessing or bearing witness. Cotgrave. 

TESTACEOUS, tes-ta°shus. 357. a. {teslaceus, 
Lat.; testacee, Fr.] Consisting of shells ; composed 
of shells. Having contiruous, not jointed shells . 
opposed to crustaceous. Woodward. 

TESTAMENT $, teV-ta-ment. n. s. [Fr.; testament- 
um, Lat.] A will ; any writing directing the dis- 
posal of the possessions of a man deceased. Hooker. 
The name of each of the volumes of the Holy 
Scripture. Bp. Hall. 

TESTAMENTARY, tes-ta-ment'-a-re. a. [testa- 
mentaire, Fr. ; testamentarius, Lat.] Given by will ; 
contained in wills. Atterbury. 

TESTAMENTATION*, teVta-mgn-ta'-shun. n. s. 
The act or power of giving by will. Bw ke. 

TESTATE, tes'-tate. a. [testaius, Lat.] Having 
made a will. Aylijfe. 

TESTATION*, tes-uV-shun. n. s. [testatio, Lat.] 
Witness ; evidence. Bp. Hall. 

TESTATOR, les-ta'-tur. 166. n. s. [testator, Lat. ; 
testateur, Fr.] One who leaves a will. Hooker. 

TESTA' 7'RIX, tes-uV-triks. n.s. [Lat.] A wo 
man who leaves a will. 

TESTED, t&st'-Sd. a. Tried by a test. Slialcspeare. 

TESTER^, test'-fir. 98. n. s. [teste, Fr.\ testone, 
Ital.] A sixpence. Shak. The cover of a bed. 
Gray. 

TESTERN*, teV-lurn. n. s. A sixpence. 

To TESTERN*, tes'-t&m. u. a. To present with 
sixpence. Shak. Ob. T. 

TESTICLE, teV-te-kl. 405. n.s. {testiculus, Lat.] 
Stone. Brown. 

TESTIFICATION, tes-te-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [testifi- 
catio, Lat.] The act of witnessing. Hooker. 

TESTIFICATOR, tes-te-fe-ka'-tur. n.s. [testifcor, 
Lat.] One who witnesses. 

TESTIFIER, teV-te-fl-ur. 521. n. s. One who tes- 
tifies. Pearson. 

To TESTIFY ^t^s'-te-fl. 183. v.n. [testifcor, Lat.] 
To witness ; to prove ; to give evidence. St. John, 
ii. 

To TESTIFY, tes'-te-f 1. v. a. To witness ; to give 
evidence of any point. St. John, iii. 

TESTILY, teV-te-le. a«\ Fretfully; peevishly; mo- 
rosely. 

TESTIMONIAL, tks-te-m^-ne-al. n.s. [Fr. ; tes- 
timonium, Lat.] A writing produced by any one 
as an evidence for himself. Government of the 
Tongue. 

TESTIMONY §, tes'-te-mfin-e. 557. [See Domes- 
tick.] n.s. [testimonium, Lat.] Evidence given; 
proof by witness. Spenser. Publick evidences. 
White." Open attestation; profession. Milton. 

To TESTIMONY, teV-te-m&n-e. v. a. To witness. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
j TESTINESS, teV-te-nes. n. s. Moroseness; peev- 
ishness. Shakspeare. 

TESTON* teV-tun. n. s. [Fr.] A sixpence ; a tes- 
ter. Bp. Hall. 

TESTU'DINATED, tes-uV-de-na-ted. a. [testudo, 
Lat.] Roofed ; arched. 

TESTUDI'NEOUS, tgs-tu-dm'-e-us. a. [testudo, 
Lat.] Resembling the shell of a tortoise. 

TESTY §, teV-te. a. [testiu, Fr. ; testoso, Ital.] Fret- 
ful ; peevish ; apt to be angry. Shakspeare. 

TETCHY, tew-e. a. Froward ; peevish : a cor- 
ruption oUesty or touchy. Shakspeare. 

TETE*, tate. n. s. [Fr.] False hair; a wig worn 
by ladies. Graves. 

920 



TEX 



THA 



— n6, move, nor, n6t;— tube, tub, bull j— fill ;— pfl&nd ;—th'm, thjs. 



TETEA TETE, tate'-a-tate'. [Fr.] Clicck by 

jowl Prior. 
TETHER §, teTii'-ur. 469. n.s. [See Teddkr.] A 
string by which horses are held from pasturing too 
wide. Sliakspeare. 
To TETHER, teTH'-ur. via. To confine with a 

tether. 
TE'TRAD*, uV-lrad. n.s. [tetras, tetradis, Lat.]The 
number four; a collection of four things. More. 

TETRA'GONAL, te-trag'-g6-nal. 518. a. [rtrpdyo- 
vo<.] Four square. Brown. 

TETRAMETER*, te-tranr'-e-tur. n.s. [tetrame- 
t.-um. Lat.] A verse consisting of four feet. Selden. 

TETRA'METER*, te-tram'-e-lur. a. Having four 
metrical feet. Turwhilt. 

TETRAPE'TALOUS, t§i-tra-peY-a-l&s. a. [reaaaoa 
and TriraXov.] Such flowers as consist of four leaves 
round the style : plants having a tetrapetalous flow- 
er constitute a distinct kind. Miller. 

TE TRARCH $, te'-trark, or teV-rark. n. s. [tetrar- 
cho, Lat. ; rerpdo^jg, Gr.] A Roman governour of 
the fourth part of a province. B. Jdnson. 

g^T Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, are for the 
lirst pronunciation of this word, and Buchanan and En- 
tick for the second. Let those who plead the Latin 
quantity for the short sound of e, peruse Principles, 
No. 544. W. 

TETRA'RCHATE, te-trar'-kate. , n.s. [rtrpapyia.] 

TE'TRARCHY, teV-trar-ke. 503. \ A Roman gov- 
ernment of a fourth part of a province. Patrick. 

TETRARCHICAL*, te-trar'-ke-kal. a. Belong- 
ing to a tetrarchy. Sir T. Herbert. 

TETRA'STICK, te-trasMIk. 509. n.s. [rerpdori- 
vof.l An epigram or stanza of four verses. Pope. 

TE'TRASTYLE*, teY-ra-stlle. n. s. [tetrastyle, Fr. ; 
rirrapa and otuXoj, Gr.] A building with four pil- j 
lars in front. 

TETRASYLLABLE* teWa-sfl'-la-bl. n.s. [tetra-\ 
syllable, Fr. ; rerrapa, Gr. ; and syllable.] A word 
of four syllables. 

TE'TRICAL §, teY-re-kal. )a. [tetricus, Lat.] 

TE'TRICOUS §, tet'-re-kus. S Froward ; perverse ; 
sour. Knolles. 

TETRFCITY* te-tris'-e-te. n. s. [tetricite, old Fr.] 
Sourness ; perverseness. Cockeram. 

TE'TRICK*, teV-rlk. a. [tetrique, Fr.] Sour; harsh; 
perverse ; morose. Burton. 

TE'TTER§. tet'-t&r. 98. n.s. [tetep, Sax.] A 
scab ; a scuff; a ringworm. Sliakspeare. 

To TETTER*, teV-tur. v. a. To infect with a tet- 
ter. Sliakspeare. 

TE TTISH*. leV-ish. a. [perhaps a corruption of 
tetchy.] Captious ; testy ; ill-humoured. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

TEUTO / XlCK*,tu-t6n / -ik. a. Spoken by the Teu- 
tones, or ancient Germans. Dr. Johnson. 

TEUTO'NICK*, tu-t6n'-ik. n.s. The language of 
the Teutoues : by ellipsis. Bp. Percy. 

TEW$, til. n.s. \towe, Dutch.] Materials for any 
thing. Skinner. An iron chain. Ainsworth. 

To TEW, tu. v. a. [capian. Sax.] A naval expres- 
sion applied to hemp : to tew hemp. To tease ; to 
tumble over or about; to pull. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

TE'WEL, tu'-eM. n.s. [tuyau, or tuyal, Fr.] In the 
back of the forge, against the fire-place, is fixed a 
thick iron plate, and a taper pipe in it above five 
inches long, called a tewel; into this tewel is placed 
the bellows. Moxon. 

To TE'WTAW, tiV-taw. v. a. [from tew by redupli- 
cation.] To beat ; to break. Mortimer. 

TEXT §, tSkst. n. s. [texle, Fr. ; textus, Lat.] That 
on which a comment is written. Waller. A sen- 
tence of Scripture. Wliite. 

To TEXT*, tgkst. v.a. To write as a text. Beaumont, 
and Fletcher. 

TEXT-HAND*, tj&kst'-hand. n. s. A particular kind 
of large hand-writing : so called, because formerly 
the text was ever wrucen in a large hand, and the 
comment in a small. Cleaceland. 

TE'XTILE, uks'-tfl. 140. a. [texlilis, Lat.] Woven ; 
capable of being woven. Bacon. 
116 



TE'XTMAN, tckst'-man. n. s. A man ready in quo- 
tation of texts. Sanderson. 
TENTORIAL*, teks-uV-re-al. a. [lextorius, Lat.) 

Belonging to weaving. Warlon. 
TE'XTRINE, tSks'-trTn. a. [textrina, Lat.] Relating 

to weaving. Derham. 
TEXTUAL*, teks'-tshu-al. a. [textuel, Fr.] Con- 
tained in the text. Milton. Serving for texts. Bp. 
Hall. 
TE'XTUALIST*, teks'-tshu-al-?st. n.s. One ready 

in citing texts. Lightfoot. 
TE XTUARIST, teks'-lshu-a-rist. ) n.s. [textuaire, 
TE'XTUARY^ks'-tshu-a-re. 463. $ Fr.] One rea- 
dy in the text of Scripture ; a divine well versed 
in Scripture. Milton. 
TE'XTUARY, U?ks y -tshu-a-re. a. Contained in the 
text. Brown. Serving as a text; authoritative 
Glanvilie. 
TE'XTUIST*, teks'-tshu-ist. a. s. One ready in 

quotation of texts. Milton. 
TE'XTURE, teks'-tshure. 461. n.s. [Fr.; textus, 
Lat.] The act of weaving. Brown. A web ; a 
thing woven. Thomson. Manner of weaving, with 
respect either to form or matter. Bp. Hall. Dis- 
position of the parts of bodies; combination of 
parts. Milton. 
THACK*, tlAk. n.s. [Saee, Sax.] Thatch : a com- 
mon northern word, and old in our language. 
Hence, also, a thackster, a thatcher. Cliaucer. 
THAN, man. 466. conj. [than, Goth. ; Sanne. 
Sax.] A particle placed in comparison after the 
comparative adjective or adverb, noting a less de- 
gree of the quality compared in the word that fol- 
lows than : as, Monarchy is belter than anarchy : 
The hawk flies more swiftly than the pigeon. B 
Jonson. 
THANE $, thkne. 466. n. s. [c7e$n, Sax.] An old title 

of honour, perhaps equivalent to baron. Shak. 
THA'NELANDS*, //jane'-lands. n.s. Such lands as 
were granted by charters of the Saxon kings tc 
their thanes. Cowel. 
THA'NESHIP*, tfiane'-sbjp. n. s. [Se^en-ycipe, 
Sax.] The office and dignity of a thane ; the 
seigniory of a thane. Steevens. 
!F0THANKy/iangk.4O8 ; 466.t.a. [Sancian,Sax.. 
dancken, Dutch; tlianken, Germ.] To return ac- 
knowledgements for any favour or kindness. 2 
Thcssalonians, i. It is used often in a contrary or 
ironical sense. Milton. 
THANK, thingk. ) n. s. [Sane. Sanca r , Sax 
THANKS, thmgks. $ dancke, Dutch.] Acknow. 
edgement paid for favour or kindness; expression 
of gratitude. Slmkspeare. 
THA NKFUL, fMngk'-ful. a. [Sancpul, Sax.] Full 
of gratitude ; ready to acknowledge good received 
Commo7i Prayer. 
THA'NKFULLY, ^angk'-ful-e. ad. With lively 

and grateful sense of good received. Slmkspeare. 
THANKFULNESS, ^angkM&l-ne-s. n. s. Grati- 
tude ; lively sense or ready acknowledgement of 
good received. Sidney. 
THA'NKLESS, tfiangk'-les. a. Unthankful; un- 
grateful ; making no acknowledgement. Spenser. 
Not deserving, or not likely to gaiu, thanks. Wotton. 
THA'NKLESSNESS^/iangk'-lgs-nes. n. s. Ingrati- 
tude ; failure to acknowledge good received. 
Donne. 
THANKO'FFERING, tfmngk'-of-fur-mg. n. s. Of- 
fering paid in acknowledgement of mercy. Watts. 
To THA/NKSGIVE*, */iangk*'-gfv. v. a." To cele- 
brate; to distinguish by solemn rites. Mede. Ob.T. 
THANKSGFVER*, ^angks-gir-ur. n.s. A giver 

of thanks. Barrow. 
THANKSGFVING, tfiangks'-giv-ing. n. s. Cele- 
bration of mercy. Neh. xu. 
THA'NKWORTHY, tftangk'-wur-THe. a. Deserv- 
ing gratitude; meritorious. 1 Pet. ii. 
THARM, thlxm. n.s. [Seapm, Sax.] Intestine, 

twisted for several uses. 
THAT $, THat. m.pronoun. [that, tlvata, Goth. ; &efc 
Sax.; dot, Dutch.] Not this, but the other. Shak- 
Which ; relating to an antecedent thing. Perkiru 
921 



THA. 



THE 



Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mgt;— pine, pln;- 



Who; relating to an antecedent person. Dan. lv. 
It sometimes serves to save the repetition of a word 
or words foregoing : as, What is tliat to us ? bee 
thou to that. St. Matt, xxvii. Opposed to this, as 
the other to one : as, This is not fair ; not profitable 
that. Dry derl. When this and that relate to fore- 
going words, this is referred, like hie or cecy, to the 
latter, and that, like ilk ovcela, to the former. Cow- 
ley. Such as. Tillotson. That which; what. 
SM. The thing. Numbers, vi. The thing which 
then was. Cowley. By way of eminence : as, This 
is that Jonathan. Cowley. — In that. Because ; in 
consequence of. Hooker. 
Tr^ When this word is used as a pronoun demonstrative, 
it lias always an accent on it, and h heard distinctly 
rhyming with hat, mat, &.c. Thus, in Pope's Essay 
on Criticism, v. 5 : 
li But, of the two, loss dang'rous is th' offence 
u To tire our patience, than mislead our sense, 
" Some few in that, but numbers err in this i 
" Ten censure wrong, for one who writes amiss." 
Here the word that is a.s distinctly pronounced as any 
other accented word in the language. 
When this word is a relative pronoun, and is arranged in 
a sentence with other words, it never can have an ac- 
cent, and is therefore much less distinctly pronounced 
than the foregoing word. In this case the a goes into 
that obscure sound it generally has when unaccented, 
88, as may be heard in pronouncing it in the following 
passage from Pope's Essay on Criticism, v. 297 : 
" True wit is nature to advantage dress'd, 
i; What oft was thought, but ne'er so well ".xpress'd ; 
M Something, whose truth, convine'd at sight, we find, 
li That gives us back the image of our mind." 
Here we find the a so obscured as to approach nearly 
to short u; and, without any perceptible difference in 
the sound, the word might be written thut. 92. W. 
THAT, Tiiat. 50, 466. conj. [tliatei, Goth.] Because. 
Noting a consequence. Dryden. Noting indica- 
tion. Bacon. Noting a final end. Cowley. 

gj° What has been observed of the pronunciation of this 
word, when a relative pronoun, is perfectly applicable to 
it when a conjunction ; in either case it never has the 
accent, and necessarily goes into an obscure sound like 
short u. Thus, in the following passage from Pope's 
Essay on Criticism : 

" The vulgar thus through imitation err. 
'■' As oft the learn'd by being singular: 
" So much they scorn the crowd, that, if the throng 
" By chance go right, they purposely go wrong." 
Here the conjunction that is pronounced with exactly 
the same degree of obscurity as when a relative pro- 
noun. 
The word that, by being sometimes a demonstrative pro- 
noun, sometimes a relative, and sometimes a conjunc- 
tion, may produce a quadruple repetition of the same 
word, which, though not elegant, is strictly grammati- 
cal ; a repetition which is, perhaps, peculiar to the 
English language. This is humorously exemplified 
by Mr. Steele in the Spectator, No. 80. in the Just Re- 
monstrance of affronted That, where he brings in this 
word, declaring how useful it had been to a great ora- 
tor, who, in a speech to the lords, had said, " My lords, 
with humble submission, that that I say is, that that 
that that gentleman has advanced is not that that he 
should have proved to your lordships." In the pro- 
nunciation of this passage, it is plain that the word 
that, which is not printed in Italicks, is pronounced 
nearly as if written thut. I am sensible of the delicacy 
of the obscure sound of this a, and therefore do not offer 
v. as a perfect equivalent, but as the nearest approach to 
it, and as the means of pointing out the power of the 
accent, and its importance in ascertaining the sense ; 
for, if all these words were pronounced equally distinct, 
it is plain the sense would be obscured ; and, so liable 
are the relative, the conjunction, and the demonstrative, 
to be confounded, that some writers have distinguished 
the latter by printing it in Italicks. Those who wish 
to see the most profound and ingenious investigation 
of the grammatical origin of these words, mu?'. consult 
Home Tooke's Diversions of Purley. W. 

THATCH $, i/iatsh. 466. n. s. [Sace, Sax.] Straw 
laid upon the top of a house to keep out the weath- 
er. Pope. 
To THATCH, thitsh. v. a. [fcaccian, Sax.] To 
cover as with straw. Bacon. 



THA'TCHER, tfiatsh'-ur. n. s. One whose trade is 

to cover houses with straw. Swift. 
THAUMATU'RGICAL*, Mw-ma-tur'-je-kal. a 

Exciting wonder. Burton. 
THA'UMATURGY*, tfiaw'-ma-tur-je. n. s. [0afya 
Oavuaros and 'ipyov.] Act of performing what may- 
excite wonder. Wa.rt.on.. 
To THAW $, thkw. 466. v. n. [Sapan, Sax.; degen. 
Dutch.] To grow liquid after congelation ; to melt. 
Donne. To remit the cold which had caused frost. 
To THAW, thkw. v. a. To melt what was congealed. 

Shakspeare. 
THAW, thkw. n. s. Liquefaction of any thing con- 
gealed. Sliakspeare. Warmth such as liquefies 
congelation. Shakspeare. 
THE, THe, or thS. 466. article. [Se, Sax.] The ar- 
ticle noting a particular thing. Shak. Before a 
vowel, e is commonly cut off in verse. Daniel. 
Sometimes he is cut off: as, In this scale gold, in 
t'other fame does lie. Cowley. It is used by way 
of consequential reference. Wlwle Duty of Man. 
The is sometimes used according to the French 
idiom : as, It is a constitution the most adapted. 
Addison. 
#5= Mr. Sheridan has given us these two modes of pro- 
nouncing this word, but has not told us when we are to 
use one, and when the other. To supply this deficiency, 
therefore, it may be observed, that when the is prefixed 
to a word beginning with a consonant, it has a short 
sound, little more than the sound of th without the e ; 
and when it precedes a word beginning with a vowel, 
the e is sounded plainly and distinctly. This difference 
will be perceptible by comparing the pen, the hand, Sec, 
with the oil, the air, &c. ; or the difference of this word 
before ancients and moderns in the following couplet 
of Pope : 
" Some foreign writers, some our own, despise ; 
" The ancients only, or the moderns, prize." 
A very imperfect way of pronouncing this word very fre- 
quently arises in verse, where the poet, for the preserva- 
tion of the metre, cuts off e by an apostrophe, and unites 
the article to the following word. This pronunciation 
depraves the sound of the verse without necessity, as 
the syllable formed by c is so short as to admit of being 
sounded with the following syllable, so as not to in- 
crease the number of syllables to the ear, or to hurt the 
melody. 
" 'Tis hard to say if greater want of skill 
" Appear in writing or in judging ill ; 
" But, of the two, less dang'rous is th" 1 offence 
" To tire our patience than mislead our sense." 

Pope. 

" Him the Almighty Power 

" Hurl'd headlong flaming from th 1 ethereal sky, 
" With hideous ruin and combustion, down 
" To bottomless perdition, there to dwell 
" In adamantine chains and penal fire, 
" Who durst defy W Omnipotent to arms. Milton. 
In these examples we see the particle the may either form 
a distinct syllable or not. In the third line from Pope 
the first the forms a distinct syllable, but the second is ■ 
sunk into the succeeding noun. The same may be ob- 
served of this particle in the first, second, and sixth 
lines in the passage from Milton: but what appears 
strange is, that, though the particle the before a vowel, 
and shortened by an apostrophe, does not augment the 
number of syllables, it is really pronounced longer than 
where it forms a syllable, and is not thus shortened by 
elision. This is apparent in the third line from Pope: 
" But, of the two, less dang'rous is th' 1 offence." 
The reason why the first the, though pronounced shorter 
than the second, forms a syllable, and the second does 
not, seems to arise from the coalescence of the vowels, 
which, though lengthened in sound, may still be pro- 
nounced with one impulse of the breath. Thus, who* 
a consonant follows the particle the, we find two dis- 
tinct impulses, though the e is dropped ; but when a 
vowel follows the, the impulse on the particle slides 
over, as it were, to the consonant of the succeeding syl- 
lable, without forming two distinct impulses, nearly as 
if a y were interposed, and the words were written 
Wyoffence, t/t' Yomnipotent, &c. 
I would not, however, 'be supposed to disapprove of the 
practice of eliding the e before a vowel to the eye when 
the verse requires it: this practice is founded on good 
•jense ; and the first line in the passage from Milton 
shows the necessity of making the distinction whan it 
922 



THE 



THE 



-n<S, inftve, nor, ndt;— tube, tftb, bfff 1 5 — oil;— pfiflnd;— thm, rui 



is and when it i.i not to be elidod : what I wish to re- 
form is the practice of shortening the e to the ear, and 
thus mincing and impoverishing the sound of the verso 
without necessity. W. 

THE'ATIN* tfie'4-tin. n. s. [Fr.] One of an order 

of priests among' the papists, so called from a su- 

periour of their order, who was archbishop of Chieti 

in Naples, anciently Theate. Cot-n-ave. 

THE ATINE* ^e'-a-tin. n.s. One of an order of 

nuns conforming to the rules of the Theatins. 
THE'ATRAL, tfie'-a-tral. a. [Fr.; theatralis, Lat.] 

Helongiugto a theatre. Comment, on Chancer. 

TH E'ATRE §, tfie'-d-tur. 416, 470. n. s. [Fr. ; thea- 

trttm, Lat.] A place in which shows are exhibited ; 

a play-house. Shakspeare. A place rising by steps 

or gradations like a theatre. Milton. 

THEATRICAL, tfie-at'-tre-ka). ) a. Scenick; suit- 

THEATRICK, i/te-at'-trlk. 409. 5 ing a theatre ; 

pertaining to a theatre. Pope. 
THEATRICALLY, tfie-at'-tre-kal-e. ad. In a man- 
ner suiting the stage. Pope. , 
THEAVE*, J/ieev. n. s. A ewe or sheep of three 

years old. Pegge. 
THEE, THee. 466. The oblique singular of thou. 

Cow leu. 
To THEE*, r. n. [theihan, Goth. ; Sean, Sax.] To 

thrive ; to prosper. Chaucer. 
THEFT, thtft. 466. n.s. [Sypte.SaxJ The act of 

stealing. Cowel. The thing stolen. Exod. xxii. 
THEIR, THare. 466. pron. [fteopa, Sax. ; theirra, 
Ieel.l Of them : the pronoun possessive from they. 
Sliak. Theirs is used when any thing comes in 
construction between the possessive and substantive. 
Hooker. 
THE'ISM^*, tfte'-izm. n. s. [ilieisme, Fr. ; 9ed$, Or.] 
The acknowledgement of a God, as opposed to 
atheism ; deism, which see. Ld. Monboddo. 
THE'IST*, ffte'-lst. n. s. [theiste, Fr.] A deist, which 

see. Dean Martin. 
THEI'STICAL*, */ie-?s'-te-kal. ; a. Belonging to 
THEI'STICK*, i/ie-fs'-tik. \ theists ; deisti- 

cal. Leslie. 
THEM, TH<*m. 466. The oblique of they, [thaim, 

Goth.] Wilkins. 
THEME, tfieme. 466. n.s. [Fr. ; from 0£,i«, Gr.] A 
subject on which one speaks or writes. Watts. A 
short dissertation written by boys on any topick. 
Millon. The original word whence others are de- 
rived. Watts. 
THEMSE'LVES, THem-selvz'. n. s. These very 
persons : in this sense it is nominative. Hooker. 
The oblique case of they and selves. Milton. 
THEN, TH§n. 466. ad. [than, Goth. 5 San, Sax.; 
dan, Dutch.] At that time. Clarendon. After- 
wards; immediately afterwards; soon afterwards. 
Bacon. In that case ; in consequence. White. 
Therefore ; for this reason. Holyday. At another 
time: as. note and then, at one time and other. 
Milton. 'That time. Millon. 
THENCE $, THense. 466. ad. From that place. Mil- 
ton. From that time. Isa. lxv. For that reason. 
Milton. — From thence is a barbarous expression, 
thence implying the same. Shakspeare. 
THE'NCEFORTH, THense'-fc-rt/i. ad. From that 
time. Spenser. — From thenceforth is a barbarous 
corruption. Millon. 
THENCEFO'RWARD, THense-fSr'-ward. ad. On 

from that time. Kettlevcell. 
THENCEFRO'M*, THense-frdnV. ad. From that 

place. Smith. Ob. T. 
THEO'CRACY $, tfie-dk'-kra-se. 470, 518. n.s. [the- 
ocratie, Fr. ; de&s and Kpariw, Gr.] Government im- 
mediately superintended by God. Hammond. 
THEOCRATICAL, tfie-c-krat'-te-kal. ) a. [theo- 
THEOCRATICK*, tfie-6-krat'-?k. y cratique, 
Fr.] Relating to a government administered by 
God. Burnet. 
THEODOLITE, tf^-od'-o-lkc. n. s. [theodolite, 
Fr. ; from Oew and So\ij(ds, Gr.] A mathematical 
instrument for taking heights and distances. 
Burke. 
THEO'GONY,Z/!e-6g'-g6-ne. 518. n.s. [theogemie, 



Fr. ; deoyovla, Gr.] The generation of the gods. Ld. 

Shaftesbury. 

Tl 1KO LOG ASTER*, */ie-&F-6-gas-t5r. n.s. A 

kind of quack in divinity, as a medicaster in physick : 

B low writer or student in divinity. Burton. 

TH EO'LOGER. //<e-6F-o-jur. ) n. s. [theologien 

THEOLO'GIAN, </ie-6-l6'-je-an. ) Fr. ; theolngus 

Lat] A divine; a professor of divinity. Hay ward. 

THEOLO'GICAL, */ie-o-l6d'-je-kal. )a. [theolo- 

THEOLO'GICK*, f/ie-o-lod'-jik. \gique } Fr.] 
Relating to the science of divinity. Brown. 

THEOLOGICALLY, //<e-6-l6d'-je-kal-e. ad. Ac- 
cording to the principles of theology. Dr. West- 
feild. 

THEO'iOGIST, rt£-6lMo-jfet. )n. s. [theologus, 

THE'OLOGUE, thti'-6-]b s . 519. \ Lat.] A divine ; 
one studious in the science of divinity. Bacon. 

To THEO'LOGIZE*. */ie-&l'-l6-jlze. v. a. To ren- 
der theological. Glanville. 

THEO'LOGYS, tfie-ol'-lo-je. 518. n.s. [theologie, 
Fr. ; 0£oAoyiu, Gr.] Divinity. Hooker. 

THEO'MACHIST, f/ii-dm'-a-klst. n.s. One who 
fights against the gods. Bailey. 

THEO'MACHY, i/ie-om'-a-ke. [SeeMoNOMACHY.] 
til s. [Qios and ^a%r;-] The fight against the godsby 
the giants. It is used, also, for opposition to the 
divine will. Bacon. 

THEO'RBO, the-br'-bb. n.s. [tiorba, Ital. ytuorbe, 
Fr.] A large lute for playing a thorough bass. used 
by the Italians. Butler. 

THE'OREM §, Z/ie'-6-rem. 170. n. s. [theoreme, Fr. : 
dewpmia, Gr.] A position laid down as an acknowl- 
edged truth. Hooker. A position proposed to be 
demonstrated. Malone. 

THEOREM A'TICAL , ^e-o-re-mat'-e-kul. 

THEOREMATICK , i/ie-6-1 e-mat'-ik. 

THEORE'MICK, */ie-6-rem'-Ik. 509. 

Comprised in theorems; consisting in theorems, 
drew. 

THEORETICAL, tfie-A-ref-le-kal. ) 

THEORETICK, tfie-6-ref-ik. f n 

THEO'RICAL, tfie-Sr'-e-kal. i 

THE'ORICK, ^e-6r'-Sk. 509. ) 

[tlieorilique, Fr. ; from OewpnriKos, Gr.] Speculative . 
depending on theory or speculation ; terminating 
in theory or speculation ; not practical. Boyle. 

THEORETICALLY, ^e-6-reY-e-kal-e. ) 



ad. 



THEO'RICALLY, </ie-&r'-e-ka!-e. 

Speculatively; not practically. Boyle.. 

THE'ORIClC the'-6-r% 510. //. s. Speculation ; wot 
practice. Shakspeare. 

THE'ORIST, fAe'-6-r?st. n, s. A speculatist; one 
given to speculation. Addison. 

THE'ORY §,th& -6-rk 170. n. s. [theorie, Fr. ; Gcupia. 
Gr.] Speculation ; not practice ; scheme ; plan or 
system yet subsisting only in the mind. Hooker. 

THEOSCVPHICAL*, */ie-6-s6f-e-kal. )a. [Geojand 

THEOSO'PHICK*, ^e-6-sof-Ik. \ «0°£-] Di- 

vinely wise. More. 

THERAPE'UTICAL*, ^er-a-pu'-le-kal. ) 

THERAPE'UTICK, </ier-a-pu'-iik. \ *' 

[therapeutique, Fr. ; dEpatrevriKog, Gr.] Curative j 
teaching or endeavouring the cure of diseases. 
Ferrand. 

THERE §, THare. 94. ad. [thar, Goth. ; $aep, Sax. ; 
daer, Dutch ; der, Dan.] In that place. Shak. It 
is opposed to here. An exclamation directing 
something at a distance. Dryden. It is used at 
the beginning of a sentence with the appearanceof 
a nominative case, but serves only to throw the 
nominative behind the verb : as, a man came, or, 
there came a man. Hooker. In composition it 
means that : as, tliereby, by that. 

THEREABOUT, THare'-a-b6ut. > ad. Near that 

THEREABO'UTS, THare / -a-b6uts. ] place. Shak. 
Nearly ; near that number, quantity, or state. Da- 
vies. "Concerning that matter. St. Luke,xx\v. 

THEREAFTER, THare-af-t&r. ad. According to 
that ; accordingly. Peacham. After that [Saep- 
sepreji, Sax.] Spenser. 

THEREAT, THare-at'. ad. At that ; on that ac- 
count. Hooker. At that place. St. Matt. vii. 
923 



THE 



THT 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, m&j— pine, pm;— 



THEREBY', THare-bl'. ad. Bv that ; by means of 
that j in consequence of that, Hooker. Near or by 
that place. Spenser. 

THEREFORE, THer'-fore. 94. ad. For that ; for 
this; for this reason. Shak. Consequently, Spec- 
tator. In return for this ; in recompense for this 
or for that. St. Matt. xix. For that purpose. Spen- 
ser. 

THEREFRO'M, THare-fr6m'. ad. From that j from 
this. Jos. xxiii. 

THEREI'N, THare-lu'. ad. In that ; in this. Bacon. 

THEREINTO', THare-?n-t6'. ad. Into that. St. Luke, 

THEREOF, THare-6f. 377. ad. Of that; of this. 
Hooker. 

THEREO'N, Tiiare-on'. ad. On that. St. Mark, xiv. 

THEREO'UT, THare-Mt'. ad. Out of that. Judg. 
xv. 

THERETO'. THare-to'. )ad. To that. Hook- 

THEREUNTO',THare-un-t6'. \ er. 

THEREU'NDER, THare-un'-d&r. ad. Under that. 
Raleigh. 

THEREUPO'N, l Hare-up-6n'. ad. Upon that ; in 
consequence of that. Hooker. Immediately. 

THEREWHI'LE* THare-hwlle'. ad. At the same 
time. Abp. Laud. Ob. T. 

THEREWITH, Twkve-wkh' . [See Forthwith.] 
ad. With that. Hooker. Immediately. 

THERE WITHA'L. THare-wM-all'. ad. Over and 
above. Dan. At the same time. Shak. With 
that. Spenser. — The compounds of there meaning 
that, and of here meaning this, have been for some 
time passing out of use, and are no longer lbund in 
elegant writings, or in any other than formulary 
pieces. 

THERF-tfraxd*, tfierf-br§d. n. s. [der/brode, vet. 
Angl. Boreal.; Saepp vel 3eopp,Sax.] Unleaven- 
ed bread. Wicliffe. 

THERFACAL, ^e-rl'-a-kal. 506. a. [BvpiaKu, Gr. ; 
theriaca, Lat.l Medicinal ; physical. Bacon. 

THE'R1ACK§*, tfte'-re-ak. n. s. [9r,piaKd.] A rem- 
edy against poisons ; treacle. Tlie Student. 

THE'RMAL*, tfieV-mal. a. [Fr. ; from Btypis, Gr.] 
Relating to warm baths, natural or artificial : as, 
thermal waters. 

THERMO METERS, tfigr-mom'-e-t&r. 518. n.s. 
[thermomeirie, Fr. ; Qcppbs and ftirpov, Gr.] An in- 
strument for measuring the heat of the air, or of any 
matter. Brown. 

THERMOxVIE'TRICAL, tfier-m6-met'-tre-kal. 468. 
a. Relating to the measure of heat. Chei/ne. 

THE'RMOSCOPE, tfier'-m6-sk6pe. n. s. [fo^oj 
and (TKo-m.'] An instrument by which the de- 
grees of heat are discovered ; a thermometer. Ar- 
buthnot. 

THESE, THeze. 466. pronoun. The plural of this. 
[Sap, Sax. ; dese, Dutch ; thesser, IceLJ Opposed 
to those, or to some others. Dryden. These relates 
to the persons or things last mentioned, and those 
to the first. Woodicard. 

THE'SIS, the'-sh. n. s. [tliese, Fr. ; Oim, Gr.] A po- 
sition ; something laid down, affirmatively or nega- 
tively. Prior. 

THE'SMOTHETE, thh'-mb-thhe. n. s. [Ft ; Qea- 
uo9irr,s, Gr.] A lawgiver. 

THE'TICAL*, f/iet'-e-kal. a. [from thesis.] Laid 
down. More. 

THEU'RGICAL*, tfie-uW-je-kal. ) a. [theurgique. 

THEU'RGICK*, </ie-fir'-jlk. S Fr. ; from the- 
urgy.] Relating to theurgy. Hallywell. 

THE'"UKGIST*,^e'-ur-jk. n.s. One who is addict- 
ed to theurgy. Hallywell. 

THE'URGY$, i/ie'-fir-je. n.s. [Qtoupyia, Gr. ; theur- 
gie, Fr.] The power of doing supernatural things 
by lawful means : as, by prayer to God : the mean- 
ing also is a species of magick. in old times, which 
was employed in the worship of angels for their as- 
sistance to effect wonderful things. Hallyicell. 
.THEW$, thh. n.s. [Seap, Sax.] Quality; man- 
ners ; customs ; habit of life ; form of behaviour. 
Ob. J. Spenser. [5eop, Sax.] Brawn, oi bulk. 
Sluxkspeare. 



THE'WED, thude. a. Educated ; habituated ; ac 
customed. Spenser. Ob. J. 

THEY, THa. pron. In the oblique case them, the plu- 
ral of he or she. [thai, Goth. ; hi, SaxJ The men, 
the women ; the persons. Sluxk. Those men : 
those women : opposed to some others. Shak. It 
is used indefinitely : as the French on dit. Dryden 
[The plural of tins, that, or it.] The things. Sliak. 

THI'BLE, thib'-b\. n.s. A slice ; a scuminer ; a spat- 
ula. Ainsworth. 

THICKS, thlk. 466. a. [Sicce, Sax. ; dart, Dutch; 
dyck, Dan. ; thickr, Icel.l Not thin. Dense ; not 
rare ; gross ; crass. Raleigh. Not clear ; not 
transparent; muddy; feculent. Shak. Great in 
circumference; not slender. 1 Kings, xU. Deep; 
noting the third dimension : a=, a plank four feet 
long, two feet broad, and five inches thick. Noting 
comparative bulk : as, The door was three inches 
thick. Frequent ; in quick succession ; with little 
intermission. Knolles. Close ; not divided by much 
space ; crowded. Spenser. Not easily pervious ; 
set with things close to each other. Dryden. 
Coarse ; not thin. Bacon. Without proper inter- 
vals of articulation. Sluxk. Stupid. Hayward. 
Dull ; not quick : as, thick of hearing : a colloquial 
expression. Intimate ; familiar : a vulgarism. 

THICK, thlk. 400. n. s. The thickest part, or time 
when any thing is thickest. Knolles. A thicket ; a 
place full of bushes. Drayton. — Tliick and thin. 
Whatever is in the way. Hudibras. 

THICK, th\k. ad. Frequently ; fast. Denluxm. Close- 
ly. Dryden. To a great depth. Wiseman. — Thick 
and threefold. In quick succession ; in great num 
bers. L' Estrange. 

To THICK*, Mk. v. n. To grow dense. Spenser. 

To THI'CKEN, tfiik'-kn. 103. v. a. [Siccian, Sax.] 
To make thick. To make close ; to fill up inter- 
stices. Woodward. To condense ; to make to con- 
crete. Arbuthnot. To strengthen ; to confirm. 
Shakspeare. To make frequent. To make close 
or numerous : as. to thicken the ranks. 

To THI'CKEN, thlk'-kn. v. n. To grow thick. To 
grow dense or muddy. Shak. To concrete ; to be 
consolidated. Prior. To grow close or numerous. 
Dryden. To grow quick. Dryden. 

THI'CKET,*/iik'-et. 98. ».*, [Siccetfce, Sax.] A 
close knot or lufi of trees ; a close wood or copse. 
Sluikspeare. 

THI'CKLY, rtuV-16. ad. [Sxclice, Sax.] Deeply ; 
to a great quantity. Boyle. Closely ; in quick suc- 
cession. 

THI'CKNESS, thik ; -nh. n. s. The state of being 
thick ; density. Quantity of matter interposed ; 
space taken up by matter interposed. Boyle. 
Quantity laid on quantity to some considerable 
depth. Bacon. Consistence ; grossness ; not rare- 
ness ; spissitude. Bacon. Imperviousness ; close- 
ness. Addison. Want of sharpness ; want of quick- 
ness. Holder. 

THI'CKSKULL*, thik'-skU. n. s. A dolt ; a block- 
head. Johnson. 

THI'CKSKULLED. duV-skfild. a. Dull ; stupid 
Dryden. 

THFCKSET, tfilk'-sSt. a. Close planted. Driiden. 

THI'CKSKIN, i/iik'-skln. n. s. [thick and skin.] A 
coarse, gross man; a numskull. Sluxkspeare. 

THIEF §, thkef. 275. 466. n. s. [thiuhs, Goth. ; »i.3p, 
Seop, Sax. ; die/, Dutch.] One who takes vwiat be- 
longs to another. An excrescence in the snuff of a 
candle. Bp. Hall. 

THIEF-CATCHER, tfieef -katsh-ar. ~) n. s. One 

THTEF-LEADER, tfieef-le-dur. \ whose busi- 

THIEF-TAKER, thkkV -ta-k6r. _ > ness is to 
detect thieves, and bring them to justice. Bramstm. 

To THIEVE, tfieev. 275. v. n. [Seopian, Sax.] To 
steal ; to practise theft. 

THI'EVERY, tfieev'-fir-e. n.s. Thepractice of steal- 
ing ; theft. Spenser. That which is stolen. Sltak- 
speare. 

THIEVISH, tfieev'-fsh 



tisin 
Sh 



... Given to stealing ; prac- 
ng theft. Shak. Secret ; sly ; acting by stealth. 
akspeare. Relating to what is stolen. Lilly. 



924 



THI 



THO 



— no, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — fill ;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



THIEVISHLY, f/-eev'-!sh-le. ad. Like a thief. 

Tussrr. 

THFEVISHNESS, rVieev'-lsh-ne's. n.s. Disposition 
to steal ; habit of stealing-. 

THIGH, thl. 466. n.s. [Seoh, Sax. ; thio, Icel. ; die, 
Dutch.] The thigh includes all between the but- 
tocks and the knee. The thigh-bop* is the longest 
of all the bones inMhe bodv. Quincy. 

THILK, thllk. pronoun. [&'ilc, Sylc, Sylhc, Sax.] 
That same. Spenser. Ob. J. 

THILLS, /Ail- 466. n.s. [»ille,Sax.] The shafts of a 
wag-on ; the arms of wood between which the last 
horse is placed. Mortimer. 

THILL-HORSE, thlV-hdrse. ) n. s. [thill nndhorse.] 

THFLLER, *AilM&r. \ The last horse ; the 

horse that g-oes between the shafts. Tusser. 

THFMBLE, tVilm'-M. 405, 466. n.s. A metal cover 
by which women secure their fingers from the nee- 
dle when they sew. Sluxkspeare. 

THIME, time. 471. n. s. [thymus, Lat. ; thym, Fr.] 
A fragrant herb. This should be written thyme. 
Spenser. 

THIN$, thin. 466. a. [Sinn, Sax.; thunnr, Icel. ; 
dunn, Dutch.] Not thick. Exod. xxxix. Rare; not 
dense. YVisd. v. Not close ; separate by large 
spaces. Roscommon. Not closely compacted or 
accumulated. Gen. xli. Exile ; small. Drijden. 
Not coarse ; not gross in substance: as, a thin veil. 
Not abounding. Addison. Not fat ; not bulky ; 
lean; slim; slender. L' Estrange. Slight; unsub- 
stantial. Chaucer. 

THIN, thfo. ad. Not thickly. Bacon. 

To THIN, thin. v. a. [Smnian. Sax.] To make thin 
or rare ; to ma*ke less thick. Arbuihnot. To make 
less close or numerous. King Charles. To atten- 
uate. Blackmore. 

THINE, THlne. 466. pronoun, [thein, Goth. ; Sin, 
Sax. ; dijn, Dut.] Belonging or relating to thee ; 
the pronoun possessive oithou. It is used for thy 
when the substantive is divided from it : as, This is 
thy house ; thine is this house ; this house is thine. 
Shakspeare. 

THINGS thing. 466. n.s. [Sing, Sax.] Whatever 
is not a person : a general word. KnoU.es. It is 
used in contempt: as, I have a thing in prose. 
Swift. It is used of persons in contempt, or some- 
times with pity. Shak. It is used by SJiakspeare 
once in a sense of honour : Thou noble thing ! 

To THINKS, thhgk. 408. v. n. preter. ihougJd. 
[lhankgan, Goth. ; Sencean, Sincan, Sax. ; denck- 
ert., Dutch.] To have ideas ; to compare terms or 
things; to reason; to cogitate; to perform any 
mental operation, whether of apprehension, judge- 
ment, or illation. Locke. To judge ; to conclude ; 
to determine. Numb, xxxvi. To intend. Shak. 
To imagine ; to fancy. Sluik. To muse ; to medi- 
tate. Dryden. To recollect ; to observe. JXeh. v. 
To judge; to be of opinion. Sicifl. To consider ; 
to doubt; to deliberate. Bentley.— To think on. 
To contrive ; to light upon by meditation. Swift. 
To think of. To estimate. Locke. 

To THINK, thlngk. 50, 466. v. a. To imagine; to' 
image in the mind; to conceive. 1 Co>: xiii. To 
believe; to esteem. Milton. — To think much. To 
" re. Milton. To think scorn. To disdain. 
. Me thinkelh. It seems to me. Me 
thought. It appeared to me. These anomalous 
phrases are not easily reconciled to grammar. Sid- 
ney. 2 Sam. xviii. 

THFNKER, tftfngk'-ur. 98. n.s. One who thinks in 
a certain manner. Locke. 

THFNKING, thhgk'-hg. 410. n. s. Imagination ; 
cogitation ; judgement. Shakspeare. 

THINLY, tfifn'-le. ad. Not thickly. Slumstone. Not 
closely ; not numerously. Brown. 

THFNNESS, Mn'-nh. n. s. [Smnerre, Sax.] The 
contrary to thickness ; exility ; tenuity. Bacon. 
Paucity; scarcity. Dryden. Rareness; not spis- 
situde. South. 

THIRDS, thhrd. 108. a. [Snic^a, Sax.] The first 
after the second ; the ordinal of three. Shak- j 
spcare. 



THIRD, tfiurd. n.s. The third part. Shakspean 

The sixtieth part of a second. Holder. 
THFRDBOROUGH, */ifird'-bur-r6. n. s. [third and 

borough.] An under-constable. B. Jonson. 
THIRDLY, thhrd'-le. ad. In the third place. Bacon. 
To THIRL, thM. v. a. [Siplian, Sax.] To pierce ; 

to perforate. It is now pronounced and written 

thrill. 
THIRSTS, tfiurst. 108. n. i. [ffyppt, Sax.] The 

pain suffered for want of drink ; want of drink. 

Denliam. Eagerness ; vehement desire. Fairfax. 

Draught. Milton. 
To THIRST, tl&rsl. v. n. [Sypjtan, Sax. ; dersten, 

Dutch.] To feel want of drink ; to be thirsty or 

athirst. Isa. xlix. To have a vehement desire for 

any thing. Psalm xlii. 
To THIRST, thirst, v. a. To want to drink. Prior. 
THFRSTINESS, tfi&rst'-te-n&s. n. s. The state of 

being thirsty. Wotton. A vehement desire for any- 
thing. Naunton. 
THFRSTY, tfifirst'-te. a. [Supp^S, Sax.] Suffering 

want of drink; pained /or want ot drink. Judg. iv. 

Possessed with any vehement desire : as, blood 

thirsty. 
THIRTEEN, tf-ur'-t&n. 108. a. [c?peofcine,Sax.] 

Ten and three. Baron. 
THIRTEENTH, tkbr-ihenth' . a. The third after the 

tenth. Beaumont. 
THFRTIETH, thhr'-ih-kh. 279. a. [3pitfce#oba, 

Sax.] The tenth thrice told ; the ordinal of thirty. 

Shakspeare. 
THFRTY, th&-ie. 108. a. [SjiiciJJ, Sax.] Thrice 

ten. Shakspeare. 
THIS, thIs. pronoun. [Sij;, Sax.] That which is 

present ; what is now mentioned. Shak. The next 

future. Gen. xviii. This is used for this time. Dry 

den. The last part. Dryden. It is often opposed 

to that. Pope. When this and that respect a for 

mer sentence, this relates to the latter, that to the 

former member. See Those. Hooker. Some- 
times it is opposed to the other. Dryden. 
THFSTLES, thh'-sl 466, 472. n. s. [Siy-tel, Sax.] 

A prickly weed growing in fields. Miller. 
THISTLE, Golden, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
THI'STLY, thh'Ak. a. Overgrown with thistles. 

Thomson. 
THFTHERS, THITH'-Gr. 466. ad. [Sibep, Sax.) 

To that place : it is opposed to hither. Shakspeare. 

To that end ; to that point. 
THFTHERTO. THiTH'-fir-td. ad. To that end ; so 

far. 
TFIFTHERWARD, THiTH'-flr-ward. ad. [Sibep- 

peapb, Sax.] Towards that place. Spenser. 
THO, th6. ad. [$a, Sax. ; ilia, Icel.] Then. Spenser. 
THO', th6. conj. Contracted for though. 
To THOLE S # , tho\e. v. a. [thulan, Goth. ; Solian, 

Sax.] To bear ; to endure ; to undergo. Gower. 
To THOLE, thb\e. v. n. [tola, Su. Goth.] To wait a 

while : a northern expression. 
THOLE*, ih6\e. n. s. [tholm, Lat.] The roof of a 

temple. Fuimus Troes. See Thowl. 
THO'MIST*, tom'-k. n. s. A schoolman following 

the opinion of Thomas Aquinas, in oppositien to 

the Scotists. Warion. 
THONG, thbng. n. s. [Span?>, o>on£, Sax. ; thweing, 

Icel. ; thwong, o\d Engl.] A strap or string of leath- 
er. Dn/den. 
THORA'CICK, tfio-ras'-ik. 509. a. Belonging to the 

breast. 
THO'RAL, ffti'-ral. a. [thorus, Lat.] Relating to 

the bed. Ayliffe. 
THO' RAX*, </-6'-raks. n. s. [Lat.] The breast ; 

the chest. Smith. 
THORNS, thorn, n.s. [oopn, Sax.l A prickly tree 
of several kinds. Gen. iii. A prickle growing* on 
the thorn-bush. Milton. Any thing troublesome. 

Soutluirn. 
THO'RNAPPLE, tfiorn'-ap-pl. n.s. A plant. Marti. 
THO'RNBACK, tfifirn'-bak. n. s. A sea-fish. Ar- 
buihnot. 
THO'RNBUT, thhm'-bix.n.s. A sort of sea-usb. 
Ainsworth. 



THO 



THR 



(LT 559.— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



THORNY, tUr'-nka. Full of thorns; spiny ; rough; 

Erickly. Randolph. Pricking 1 ; vexatious. Sliak. 
>ifficult ; perplexing. Spenser. 
THOROUGH, tlibP-rd. 318. prepos. By way of 
making passage or penetration. By means of. 
Snakspeare. See Through. 
THOROUGH^, tl&r'-rb. 390, 466. a. [the adjective 
is always written thorough, the preposition com- 
monly through.'] Complete ; full ; perfect. Spenser. 
Passing through. Bacon. 
THOROUGHFARE, */uV-r6-fare. n. s. [thorough 
and fare; Suphpape, Sax.] A passage through ; 
a passage without any stop or let. Sliak. Power 
of passing, Milton. 
THOROUGHLY, tft&r'-rd-le. ad. Completely ; fully. 

Shakspeare. 
THOROUGHPACED, ^fir'-ro-paste. a. Perfect in 
what is undertaken; complete; thoroughsped. 
Generally in a bad sense. Swift. 
THOROUGHSPED, tfiur'-r6-sped. a. Finished in 
principles; thoroughpaced : commonly, finished in 
ill. Swift. 
THO ROUGHSTITCH, tfc&r'-rd-stitsh. ad. Com- 
pletely ; fully : a low word. V Estrange. 
THORP, thorp, n. s. [See also Dorp.] Thorp, 
throp, threp, trep, trop, are all from the Saxon 
Sopp, which signifies a village. Gibson. 
THOSE, TH6ze. 466. pronoun. The plural of that. 
Sliak, Those refers to the former, these to the lat- 
ter noun. Cowley. 
THOU§, thS&. 466. pron. [Su,Sax 5 in the oblique 
•cases singular thee, <Se, Sax.; in the plural ye, £e, 
Sax. ; in the oblique cases plural ijou, eop, Sax. 
You is now commonly used for the nominative plu- 
ral.] The second pronoun personal. Shak. It is 
used only in very familiar or very solemn lan- 
guage. 
To THOU, thou. v. a. To treat with familiarity ; to 

address in a kind of contempt. Shakspeare, 
THOUGH, th6. 466. con}. [Seah, Sax.; tho, Icel. 
and old Swed.] Notwithstanding that; although. 
Milton. — As though. As if; like as if. Gen, xl. — 
It is used in the end of a sentence in familiar lan- 
guage ; however ; yet. Dry den. 
THOUGHT, tftawt. 466. The pret. and part. pass, 
of think. [Sohfee, Sax. ; thahta, M. Goth.] Shak. 
THOUGHT, l/iawt. 313,466. n. s. [from the preterit 
■of to think ; Seahfce, Sax.] The operation of the 
mind; the act of thinking. Prior. Idea; image 
formed in the mind. Milton. Sentiment ; fancy ; 
imagery ; conceit. Dryden. Reflection ; particu- 
lar consideration. SJiak. Conception ; preconceiv- 
ed notion. Milton. Opinion ; judgement. Job, xii. 
Meditation", serious consideration. Roscommon. 
Design ; purpose. Jer. xxix. Silent contemplation. 
Shak. Solicitude ; care ; concern. 1 Sam. ix. 
Expectation. Slut/c. A small degree ; a small 
quantity : as, a thought better. Swift. 
THOUGHTFUL, //tawt'-ful. a. Contemplative; 
full of reflection ; full of meditation. Dryden. At- 
tentive ; careful. Phillips. Promoting meditation ; 
favourable to musing. Pope. Anxious; solicitous. 
Prior. 
THOUGHTFULLY, tfiawt'-f &l-e. ad. With thought 

or consideration ; with solicitude. 
T-HQ'UGHTFULNESS.tfiawt'-fftl-nes. n.s. Deep 

meditation. Swift. Anxiety ; solicitude. 
THO'UGHTLESS^/iawt'-les. a. Airy; gay; dissi- 
pated. Negligent ; careless. Rogers. Stupid ; 
-dull. Dryden. 
THOUGHTLESSLY, */iawt'-les-lc. ad. Without 

thought ; carelessly ; stupidly. Garth. 
THOUGHTLESSNESS, diawt'-les-nes. n. s. Want 

of thought; absence of thought. Ld, Chesterfield. 
THO'UGHTSICK, tftavvt'-sik. a. Uneasy with re- 
flection. Shakspeare. 
THO'USAND$, tfio&'-zand a. or n.s. [ftupenb, 
Sax. ; thusund, Icel.] The number often hundred. 
Bacon. Proverbially, a great number. Spenser. 
THOUSANDTH, tfiou'-zandji. 466. a. The hun- 
dredth ten times told ; the ordirial of a thousand : 
proverbially, very numerous. Shakspeare. 



THOWL,tfM\.[tho\e, Perry.] n.s. [Sol, Sax.] One 
of two small sticks or wooden pins, driven into the 
edge of a boat, by which oars are kept in their 
places when rowing. Ainsworth. 

To THRACK*, */irak. v. a. [trachl, Germ.] To load ; 
to burthen. South. 

THRALDOM, tfirawl'-dum. 166. n. s. Slavery ; 
servitude. Sidney. 

THRALL §, thAvfl. 84, 466. n. s. [Spall. Sax..; 
thrael, Icel.] A slave ; one who is in the power of 
another. Sidney. Bondage ; state of slavery or 
confinement. Chapman. 

THRALL*, thrkw\. a. Bond ; subject. Chaucer. 

To THRALL, Z/irawl. v. a. To enslave ; to bring in- 
to the power of another. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

THRANG*. See Throng. 

THRATPLE, i/irap'-pl. 405, 466. n. s. The wind- 
pipe of any animal ; rather throttle. 

To THRASH §, tfirash. 466. t\ a. [SaBppcan, Sax. 
dersclien, Dutch. ; therskia, Icel. Written thrash or 
thresh ; but thresh is most correct.] To beat corn 
to free it from the chaff. Judg. viii. To beat ; to 
drub. Shakspeare. 

To THRASH, ftr&sh. v. ri. To labour ; to drudge. 
Dryden. 

THRA'SHER, tfirash'-fir. 98. n. s. One who thrash- 
es corn. Locke. 

THRA'SHINGFLOOR, tfirash'-Ing-flore. «. *. An 
area on which corn is beaten. Dryden. 

THRASO'NICAL, tfira-s&n'-ne-kal. 466. a. [from 
Thraso, a boaster, in old comedy.] Boastful ; 
bragging. Shakspeare. 

THRASO'NICALLY* tftra-s&ni-ne-kal-le. ad. 
Boastfully. Johnson. 

THRAVE*, ttrave. )n. s. [o>ap, Sax. ; trafwe, 

THREAVE*, thrive. \ Su. Goth. ; trava, low Lat. ; 
thrave, Norm. Fr.] A herd ; a drove ; a heap. Bp. 
Hall. 

THREADS, tftred. 234. n. s. [Bjiseb, Sax.] A small 
line; a small twist; the rudiment of cloth. Boyle. 
Any thing continued in a course ; uniform tenor. 
Burnet. 

To THREAD, thr&d. 466. i>. a. To pass through 
with a thread. Shai-p. To pass through ; to pierce 
through. Shakspeare. 

THREADBARE, Z/ired'-bare. a. Deprived of the 
nap ; worn to the naked threads. Spenser. Worn 
out ; trite. Shakspeare. 

THRE'ADBARENESS*, */>rcd'-bare-nes. n. s. 
State of being threadbare. Man of Feeling. 

THRE'ADEN, thvM'-dn. 103. a. Made of thread. 
Shaksjieare. 

THREADY*, thred'-de. a. Like thread; slender. 

Granger. Containing thread. Dyer. 
To THREAP, f/ireep. v.n. [Speapian, Sax.] To 

argue ; to contend. Bp. Fisher. 
To THREAT §, thrfo. ( 103. v. a. [Speaci- 

To THREATEN M/irel'-tn. \ an, Sax. : threat 
is seldom used but in poetry.] To menace ; lo de 
nounce evil. Milton. To menace ; to terrify, or at- 
tempt to terrify, by showing or denouncing evi! 
Acts, iv. To menace by action. Dryden. 

THREAT, Huh. 234, 466. n.s. Menace ; denuncia 
tionofill. Shakspeare. 

THREATENER, </iret'-tn-ur. 98. n. s. Menacer 
one that threatens. Shakspeare. 

THREATENING, thrh'An-lug. n. s. A menace; a 
denunciation of evil. Dryden. 

THREATENINGLY, tfiret'-tn-ing-le. ad. With 
menace ; in a threatening manner. Shakspeare. 

THREATFUL, thrk'-ivl. a. Full of threats; mina- 
cious. Spenser. 
THREES, three. 246, 466. a. [o>ie, Spe, Sax. ; 
dry, Dutch ; iri, Welsh and Erse ; tres, Lat.] Two 
and one. Sliakspeare. Proverbially, a small num 
ber. Shakspeare. 
THREEFOLD, ^ree'-fold. a. [Speopealb, Sax.] 

Thrice repeated ; consisting of three. Raleigh. 
THREEPENCE, tfirep'-ense. n. s. [three and pence.] 
A small silver coin valued at thrice a penny. 
Shakspeare: 
THREEPENNY, J/jrep'-en-e. a. Vu gar ; mean. 
926 



THR 



THR 



—116, move, ndr, ndt;— to.be, tftb, bfill ;— 611 j— pdund ;— th'm, THis. 



THREEPILE, thr& -pile. n. *, [three and pile.] An 
old name for good velvet. Shakspeare. 

THRE EPILED, f/iree'-plld. a. Set with a thick 
pile ; piled one on another. Shakspeare. 

THREESCORE, t/uree'-skore. 0. Thrice twenty ; 

sixtv. Brown. 
•THR'ENE*, thrkne. n.s. [Optivos.] Lamentation; 
complaint. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 

THRENODY, tfireu'-o-de. 4G6. n.s. [BpnvtoSia.] 
A song of lamentation. Sir T.Herbert. 

To THRESH S, tfiresh. v. a. [Sseppcan, 3ep]*can, 
Sax. See To Thrash.] To beat corn to free it 
from the chaff. Locke. 

THRE'SHER, thrhh'-br. 466. n. s. [Seeprcep.e, 
Sax.] One who threshes corn. Dodsley. A fish ; 
the sea-fox. Donne. 

THRE SHINGFLOOR, dtrtsh'-lng-flore. n.s. An 
area on which corn is beaten. Milton. 

ITIRE'SHOLD, </iresh'-h6ld. n, s. [Seenj-cpalb, 
Sax.] The ground or step under the door; en- j 
trance ; gate ; door. Spe7iser. 

THREW, f/n-66. 339. Preterit of throw. Pope. 

THRICE, tfirlse. 468. ad. Three times. Spenser. A 
word of amplification. Shakspeare. 

To THR1D, thrU. v. a. [corrupted from thread.] To 
slide through a narrow passage. Fanshawe. 

THRID* tJirli. n. s. Thread. Spenser. 

THRIFT S, thrift. 466. n. s. [from thrive.] Profit ; 
gain ; riches gotten ; stale of prospering. Sidney. 
Parsimony; frugality; good husbandry. Spenser. 
A plant. Drayton. 

THRIFTILY, tfrlf-te-lc. ad. Frugally; parsimoni- 
ously ; carefully ; with good husbandry. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 

THRFFTINESS, thrW-te-nh. n. s. Frugality ; hus- 
bandry. Spenser. 

THRlFTLESS,f/irlft'-les. a. Profuse ; extravagant. 
Spenser. 

THRFFTY, f/irif-te. a. Frugal ; sparing ; not pro- 
fuse ; not lavish. Tusser. Well husbanded. Shak. 

To THRILL, Z/tril.466. v. a. [Syplian, Sax. ; drilla, 
Swed.] To pierce ; to bore ; to penetrate ; to drill. 
Spens\er. 

To THRILL M/iril. »..«. To have the quality of 
piercing. Spenser. To pierce or wound the ear 
with a sharp sound. Spenser. To feel a sharp, 
tingling sensation. Shakspeare. To pass with a 
tingling sensation. Shakspeare. 

THRILL*, thril n. s. The breathing place or hole. 
Sir T. Herbert. A piercing sound. 

To THRING*, thrhg. v. a. [Spin^an, Sax.] To 
press ; to thrust ; to throng. Chaucer. 

To THRIVE S, thrive, v.n. pret. throve, and some- 
times, less properly, thrived; part, thriven, [peihaps 
throve was the original word, from throa, Icel., to 
increase.] To prosper ; to grow rich ; to advance 
in any thing desired. Tusser. 

THRFVER, tfiri'-vur. 466. n. s. One that prospers; 
one that grows rich. Hayicard. 

THRFVING*. */trl'-vlng. ) n. s. Growth ; 

THRPVINGNESS*. tfirl'-vlng-nes. ] increase. De- 
cay of Christian Piety. 

THRPVINGLY, tfiri'-vlng-le. ad. Li a prosperous 
way. 

THRO', */iro3. Contracted from through. Dryden. 

THROAT§, thrbie. 295,466. n. s. [Spote, Spofca, 
Sax.] The forepart of the neck ; the passages of 
nutriment and breath. Shak. The main road of 
any place. Thomson. — To cut the throat. To mur- 
der ; to kill by violence. Spenser. 

THROATPIPE, thr6ie'-p\pe. n. s. The weasand ; 
the windpipe. 

THROATWORT^rite'-wfirt. n. s. A plant. Tate. 

THROATY*, tfiro'-ie. a. Guttural. Howell. 
To THROBS, thxbb. 466. ». n. [from Qo^iiv. Min- 
shcu and Junius.] To heave ; to beat ; to rise as 
the breast with sorrow or distress. Shakspeare. To 
beat ; to palpitate. Wiseman. 

THROB, throb, n.s. Heave ; beat ; stroke of palpi- 
tation. Spenser. 
To THRO'DDEN, tfirod'-dn. v. n. To grow ; to 
thriye ; to increase. Grose. 



THROES, thrb. 296, 466. n. s. [Spopian, Sax.] The 
pain of travail ; the anguish of bringing children: 
likewise written throw. Shak. Any extreme ago- 
ny ; the final and mortal struggle. Spenser. 

To THROE, thro. v. a. To put in agonies. Shak. 

THRONES, */ir6ne. 466. n. s. [thronus, Lat. ; Bpovos 
Gr.] A royal seat ; the seat of a king. Shuk. The 
seat of a bishop. Ayliffe. One highly exalted: 
spoken of angelical beings. Crashaw. 

To THRONE, </;r6ne. v. a. To enthrone ; to set on 
a royal seat. Milton. 

THRONGS, Strong. 466. n.s. [Span^, Sax.] A 
crowd ; a multitude pressing against each other. 
Shakspeare. 

THRONG*, thrbitg. a. Much occupied ; very busy : 
a northern expression. 

To THRONG, */ir6ng. v. n. To crowd ; to come in 
tumultuous multitudes. Taller. 

To THRONG, tfubng. v. a. To oppress or incom- 
mode with crowds or tumults. St. Luke, viii. 

THRO'NGLY*, tfir6ng'-le. ad. In crowds ; in multi- 
tudes. More. 

THRO'STLE, tor&V-sl. 466, 472. n. s. [Sportle, 
Sax.] The thrush ; a singing bird. Shakspeare. 

THROTTLE S, tfir&t'-tl. 495. 466. n. s. [from throat.-] 
The windpipe; the larynx Broum. 

To THRO'TTLE, tfirAt'-tl. v. a. To choke ; to suf- 
focate ; to kill by stopping the breath. Shakspeare. 

THROUGH S, throb. 315. pi ep. [Suph, Sax. 3 thurnh r 
Teut.] From end to end of; along the whole mass, 
or compass. Brown. Noting passage. Dryden. 
By transmission. Temple. By means of; by agen- 
cy of ; in consequence of. Spenser. A) \ 

THROUGH, //trod. 466. ad. From one end or side 
to the other. Slvxk. To the end of any thing j to 
the ultimate purpose ; to the final conclusion. 
South. 

THRO'UGHBRED, throb bred. a. [through and 
bred; commonly thoroughbred.] Completely edu- 
cated ; completely taught. Grew. 

THROUGHLFGHTED, tfiroo-li'-ied. a. Lighted 
on both sides. Wotton. 

THROUGHLY, f/iroo'-le ad. [commonly written 
thoroughly, as coming from thorough.] Complete- 
ly ; fully ; entirely ; wholly. Spenser. Without re- 
serve ; sincerely. Tillotson. 

THROUGHOUT, thrbb-6hl'. prep. Quite through , 
in every part of. Hooker. 

THROUGHOUT, thrbb-bui'. ad. Everywhere ; its 
every part. Milton. 

THRO'UGHPACED, tfiro&'-paste. a. [through and 
pace.] Perfect ; complete. Mo/e. 

THROVE, */:r6ve. The prefer of 'thrive. Locke. 

To THROW S, ihrb. v. a. preu v. threw ; part, pass, 
thrown. [Spapan, Sax.] To hing , to cast ; to send 
to a distant place by any projectile force. Kno/lcs. 
To toss ; to put with any violence or tumult. It 
always comprises the idea of haste, force, or negli- 
gence. Dryden. To lay carelessly, or in haste. 
Clarendon. To venture at dice. Shak. To cast ; 
to strip ; to put off. Shak. To emit in any careless 
or vehement manner. Addison.. To spread in 
haste. Pope. To overturn in wrestling. South. 
To drive ; to send by force. Dryden. To make to 
act at a distance. Shak. To repose. Bp. Taylor. 
To change by any kind of violence. Addison, [ior- 
nare, Lat.] To turn : as, balls thrown in a lathe. 
Ainsworth. — To throw away. To lose; to spend 
in vain. Otway. To reject. Bp. Taylor. To 
throw by. To reject ; to lay aside as of no use. B. 
Jonson. To throw down. To subvert ; to over- 
turn. Addison. To throw off. To expel. Arbut.li- 
not. To reject; to discard: as, to throw off an 
acquaintance. Dryden. To throw out. To exert ; 
to bring forth into act. Spenser. To distance ; to 
leave behind. Addison. To eject ; to expel. Swift. 
To reject ; to exclude. Swift, lo throw up. To 
resign angrily. Hudibras. To emit ; to eject ; to 
bring up. Arbtdhnot. 
To THROW, thrb. 324, 466. v. n. To perform the 
act of casting. To cast dice. — To throw about, 

1 To cast about ; to try expedient*. Spenser 





THU THY 






U" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fdtj — me, met;— pine, pm;— 





THROW, thro, n.s. A cast ; the act of casting- or I 
throwing. Chapman. A cast of dice ; tl*e manner 
in which the dice fall when they are cast. Shak. I 
The space to which any thing; is thrown. SJiak. \ 
[Spah, Sax.] A short space of time ; a little while, j 
Chaucer. Stroke ; blow. Spenser. Effort ; violent] 
sally. Addison. The agony of childbirth : written i 
throe. South. I 

THRO'WER, thrd'-ur.n.s. One that throws. Shak. \ 
A throwster; which see 



tion or threat. Ayliffe. To urge vidently ; to in- 
flict with vehemence. Spenser. 

THU'NDERBOLT, thhn' -o\nr-bb\t. n. s. [thunder, 
and bolt, as it signifies an arrow.] Lightning; the 
aiTows of heaven. Shak. Fulmihation; denuncia- 
tion, properly ecclesiastical. Hakewill. 

THUNDERCLAP, tfiun'-dur-klap. n. s. [thunder 
and clapA Explosion of thunder. Spenser. 

THUNDERER, tfi<W-dur-ur. n. s. The power that 
thunders. Sliakspeare. 



THRO'WSTER*, */iro/-stur. n. s. One whose busi- j! THUNDERING*, f/i&n'-dur-fng. n. s. The emis- 

ness is to prepare the materials for the weaver. ! 

Pegge. 
THRUM $, iftr&m. 466. n. s. [thraum, Icel. ; thrommes, 



Any 



Norm. Fr.] The ends of weavers' threads 
cor rse yarn. Sliakspeare. 
To THRUM*, i/irfim. v. a. To weave ; to knot ; to 

twist ; to fringe. Cavendish. 
To THRUM, thrum, v. a. [probably from To drum.] 
To grate ; to play coarsely. Dryden. 

THRUSH, i/irush. 466. n. s. [Spire, Sax.] A small 
singing-bird. Carew. [rouge, Fr. red, prefixing the 
English the; hence thrush.'] A disease appearing 
in small, round, superficial ulcerations. Arbuth- 
not. 
To THRUST $, rtrust. v. a. [trusito, Lat. ; thrijsta, 
Icel.] To push any thing into matter, or between 
close bodies. Rev. xiv. To push ; to move with 
violence; to drive. Spenser. To stab. Numb. 
xxv. To compress. Judg. vi. To impel ; to urge. 
Sltaksjieare. To obtrude ; to intrude. Sliakspeare. 
To THRUST, thrust, v. n. To make a hostile push ; 
to attack with a pointed weapon. To squeeze in. 
To put himself into any place by violence. Dryden. 
To intrude. Rowe. To push forwards; to come 
violently; to throng; to press. Chapman. 

THRUST, thrhst. 466. n. s. Hostile attack with any 
pointed weapon. Sidney. Assault ; attack. More. 

THRU'STER, r/»rust'-fir. n. s. He that thrusts. 

THRU'STLE^/jrfis'-sl. n. s. Thrush ; throstle. Gay. 

To THRYFA'LLOW, tfirl-fal'-lo. *. a. [thrice and 
fallow.] To give the third ploughing in summer. 
Tusser. 

THUMBS, thum. 347. n.s. [Suma, Sax.] The short, 
strong finger answering to the other four. Shak. 

To THUMB, thum. 466. p. a. To handle awkward- 
ly. To soil with the thumb. Swift. 

THUMB-BAND, tfiunV-band. n. s. [thumb and hand.] 
A twist of any materials made thick as a man's 
thumb. Mortimer. 

THU'MBED*, tfibmd. a. Having thumbs. Skelton,. 

THUMB-RING*, thum'-rhg. n. s. A ring worn on 
the thumb. Shakspea.re. 

THU'MBSTALL, tfmm'-stall. 406. n. s. A thimble; 
a sheath of leather to put on the thumb. Gayton. 

THUMPS, thump. 466. n. s. [thombo, Ital.] A hard, 
heavy, dead, dull blow with something blunt. Hu- 
dibras. 

To THUMP, thump, v. a. To beat with dull, heavy 
blows. Sliakspeare. 

To THUMP, thump, v. n. To fall or strike with a 
dull, heavy blow. Hudibras. 

THU'MPER, tfiamp'-ur. 98. n. s. The person or thing 
that thumps. Any thing huge, great, or admirable : 
a cant expression. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

THU'MPING*, thum'-phg. a. Great; huge: a 
thumping boy, i. e. a large child : it is a low word. 
Grose. 

THU'NDER S, thun'-dur. 466. n. s. [Sunbep, Sun- 
op, Sax. ; dunder, Swed. ; donder, Dutch.] Thun- 
der is a most bright flame rising on a sudden, mov- 
ing with great violence, and with a very rapid 
velocity, through the air, and commonly ending 
with a loud noise or rattling. Muschenbroek. In 

fiopular and poetick language, thunder is common- 
y the noise, and lightning the flash ; though thun- 
der is sometimes taken for both. Shak. Any loud 
noise or tumultuous violence. Spenser. 
To THU'NDER, */i<V-dur. v. n. To make thunder. 
Shak. To make a loud or terrible noise. Spenser. 
To THUNDER, thun'-dur. v. a. To emit with noise 
and terrour. Sidney. To publish any denuncia- 



sion of thunder. Exod. ix. The act of publishing 
any threat; any loud or violent noise. Bishop 
Hooper. 

THUNDEROUS, tfifin'-dur-fis. a. Producing thun- 
der. Sylvester. 

THU'NDERSHOWER, tfuV-dnr-shou-ur. 98. n.s. 
A rain accompanied with thunder. Stilling fleet. 

THU'NDERSTONE, f/z&n'-dur-stone. n. s. A stone 
fabulously supposed to be emitted by thunder; 
thunderbolt. Sliakspeare. 

To THUNDERSTRIKE, tfuV-dfir-strike. vi a 
To blast or hurt with lightning. Sidney. To aston- 
ish with any thing terrible. Chapman. 

THU'RIBLE*, Mu'-re-bl. n. s. [thuribulum, low 
Lat.] A censer ; a pan to burn incense in. Cowel. 

THURFFEROUSS, tfjA-rff-fgr-fis. 518. a. [thurifer, 
Lat.] Bearing frankincense. 

THURIFICA'TION, ^u-rlf-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [thu- 
ris and facio, Lat.] The act of fuming with incense; 
the act of burning incense. Skelton. 

THURSDAY, tfnW-de. 223. n. s. [ Thorsgday, Dan- 
ish, from Thor. Thar was the son of Odin ; yet, in 
some of the northern parts, they worshipped the 
Supreme Deity under his name.] The fifth day of 
the week. 
THUS, thus. 466. ad. ['Say, Sax.] In this manner 3 
To 



this degree ; to this 



this wise. Hooker. 

quantity. Bacon. 
To THWACKS, towak. 466. v. a. [Saecian, Sax.] 

To strike • with something blunt and heavy ; to 

thresh ; to bang ; to belabour : a ludicrous word. 

Sliakspeare. 
THWACK, thwak. 85. n. s. A heavy, hard blow. 

Hudibras. 
THWA1TE* tfiwate. n. s. [twaile, Norm. Fr.] Any 

plain parcel of ground, from which wood has been 

grubbed up, enclosed, and converted into tillage . 

a northern word. Nicolson and Burn. 
THWARTS, thwart. 85, 466. a. [o>yp, Sax.- 

dwaers, Teut. ; thwer, Icel.] Transverse ; cross to 

something else. Milton. [Speop, Sax.] Perverse; 

inconvenient; mischievous. Sliakspeare. 
THWART*, thwart, ad. Obliquely. Spenser. 
To THWART, thwart, v. a. To cross ; to lie or 

come cross any thing. Milton. To cross ; to op 

pose; to traverse; to contravene. Sliakspeare. 
To THWART, thwart. 0. n. To be in opposition to- 

THWA'RTING, thwart' -Ins. n. s. The act of cross 
ing ; the act of opposing. Feltham. 

TH WA'RTINGLY, tfiwartMng-le. ad. Oppositely 
with opposition. 

THWARTNESS*, Mwart'-ne's. n.s. Untoward 
ness; perverseness. Bp.Hall. 

To THWITE*, //twite, v. a. [Spifcan, Sax.] To cut. 
chip, or hack with a knife : used in the north, and 
is in the old dictionary of Huloet. Chaucer. 

THWI'TTLE*, thwh'-t\. n. s. [hpifcel, Sax. whence 
our whittle.] A kind of knife. Chaucer. 

THYS, thI, or THe. 466. pronoun. [Sin, Sax.] Of 
thee ; belonging to thee ; relating to thee : the pos- 
sessive of thou. Cowley. 

55= From what has been already observed under the 
pronoun my, we are naturally led to suppose, that the- 
word thy, when not emphatical, ought to follow the 
same analogy, and be pronounced like the, as we fre- 
quently hear it on the stage; but, if we reflect that 
reading or reciting is a perfect picture of speaking, we 
shall be induced to think that, in this particular, the 
stage is wrong. The beeond personal pronoun thy is 
not, like my, the common language of every subject ;, 
it is used only where the subject ia either raised above 



THY 



TID 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 5— pd&nd ;— i/iin, this. 



common life, or sunk below it, into the mean and fa-; 
miliar. When the subject is elevated above common 
life, it adopts a language suitable to such an elevation, j 
and the pronunciation of this language ought to bo as 1 
far removed from the familiar as the luuguage itself, j 
Thus, in prayer, pronouncing thy like the, even when I 
unempliatical, would be intolerable ; while suffering | 
thy, when unempliatical, to slide into the in the pro- j 
nunciation of slight and familiar composition, seems to ] 
lower the sound to the language, and form a proper dis- ! 
tinction between different subjects. If, therefore, it j 
should be asked why, in reciting epick or tragiek com- 1 
position, we ought always to pronounce thy rhyming I 
with high, while my, when unempliatical, sinks into 
the sound of me, it may be answered, because my is the 
common language of every subject, while thy is con- 1 
fined to subjects either elevated above common life, or I 
sunk below it into the negligent and familiar. When, I 
therefore, the language is elevated, the uncommonness j 
of the word thy, and its full sound rhyming with high, 
is suitable to the dignity of the subject: but the slender j 
sound like the gives it a familiarity only suitable to the j 
language of endearment or negligence, and foi this very 
reason is unfit for the dignity ofepick or tragiek com- | 
position. Thus in the following passages from Milton : 

" Say first, for heav'n hides nothing from thy view, 
" Nor the deep tract of hell." 

Par ad. Lost, b. 1. 

" O thou, that, with surpassing glory crown'd, 
" Look'st from thy sole dominion, like the God 
" Of this new world ; at whose sight all the stars 
" Hide their diminish'd heads; to thee I call, 
" But with no friendly voice, and add thy name, 
" O sun, to tell thee how I hate thy beams." 

Parad. Lost, b. 4. 

Here, pronouncing the pronoun thy like the word the, 
would familiarize and debase the language to prose. 
The same may be observed of the following passage 
from the tragedy of Cato : 

" Now, Caesar, let thy troops beset our gates,- 
" And bar each avenue ; thy gathering fleets 
" O'erspread the sea, and stop up ev'ry port; 
" Cato shall open to himself a passage, 
'•' And mock thy hopes." 

Here the impropriety of pronouncing thy like the ie pal- 
pable: nor would it be much more excusable in the fol- 
lowing speech of Portius. in the same scene of the same 
tragedy : 

" Thou see'st not that thy brother is thy rival ; 

" But I must hide it, for I know thy temper. 

" Now, Marcus, now thy virtue's on the proof; 

" Put forth thy utmost strength, work every nerve, 

" And call up all thy father in thy soul." 
As this pronoun is generally pronounced on the stage, it 
would be difficult for the ear to distinguish whether the 
words are, 

" Thou know'st not that thy brother is thy rival," 
or, 

"Thou know'st not that the brother is the rival," &c. 
And this may be one reason why the slender pronun- 
ciation of thy should be avoided as much as possible. 
Perhaps it will be urged, that, though these passages re- 
quire thy to be pronounced so as to rhyme with high, 
there are other instances in tragedy, where the subject 
is low and familiar, which would be better pronounced 
by sounding thy like the .■ to which it may be answered, 
that when Tragedy lowers her voice, and descends into 
the mean and familiar, as is frequently the case in the 
tragedies of Shakspeare, the slender pronunciation of 
thy may be adopted, because, though the piece may 
have the name of a tragedy, the scene may be really 
comedy. The only rule, therefore, that can bo given, 
is a very indefinite one; namely, that t/t# ought always 
1o be pronounced so as to rhyme with high, when the 
subject is raised, and the personage dignified ; but when 
the subject is familiar, and the person we address with- 
out dignity or importance, if thy be the personal pro- 
noun made use of, it ought to be pronounced like the t 
thus, if, in a familiar way, we say to a friend, Give me 
thy hand, we never hear the pronoun thy sounded so as 
to rhyme with high .• and it is always pronounced like 
the when speaking to a child ; we say, Mind thy book, 
Hold up thy head, or, Take off thy hat. The phraseol- 
ogy we call theeing and thouing, is not in so common 
use with us as the tutoyant among the French: but as 
the second personal pronoun thou, and its possessive 
thy, are indispensable in composition, it seems of some 
importance, to pronounce them properly. — See Rhe- \ 
toxical Grammar, page 32. W. 
117 



THY IN E Wood, tfie'-lne-wud. [tfil'-lne-wud, Sheri- 
dan.] >i. s. A precious wood. Rev. xviii. 

THYME y, lime. 471. n. s. [thytn, Fr. ; tlnjmus, Lat.] 
A plant. Miller. 

THY 'MY*, tl'-me. a. Abounding with thyme. Aken- 
side. 

THYSE'LF, THl-selP. pronoun reciprocal. It is com- 
monly used in the oblique cases, or following the 
verb. Shale. In poetical or solemn language it is 
sometimes used in the nominative. Dryaen. 

T1AR, ti'-Ar. ) n. s. [dare, Fr. 5 tiara, Lat. ; 

TIA'ILA, tl-a'-ra. 116. \ typ, Sax.] A dress for 
the head ; a diadem. Sheldon. 

TbTICEy, tlse. v. n. [from entice.] To draw 3 to 
allure. Beaumont a?id Fletcher. 

TI'CEMENT* tlse'-ment. n. s. Allurement. Huloet. 
Ob. J\ 

TICK §, trie. n. s. [contracted from ticket, a tally on 
which debts are scored.] Score; trust. Budibras. 
[tique, Fr. ; teke, Dutch.] The louse of dogs or 
sheep. Shak. The case which holds the feathers 
of a bed. 

To TICK, tik. v. n. To run on score. To trust; to 
score. Arbuthnol. 

To TICKy*, tik. v. a. [tikken, Dutch.] To note by 
regular vibration, as a watch or clock. Toilet. 

TICK*, tik. n.s. The sound made in ticking. Ray. 



TFCKEN. I,?, . , ? (103. n. s. The same with 

TICKING, > tlk " klil - > tick. Bailey. 

TFCKETy, tik'-it. 99. n.s. [etiquet, Fr.] A token 
of any right or debt, upon the delivery of which 
admission is granted, or a claim acknowledged. 
Spenser. 

To TFCKET*, tik'-it. v. a. To distinguish by a 
ticket. Bentley. 

ToTFCKLEy, tik'-kl. 405. v. a. [tiiiilo, Lat.] To 
affect with a prurient sensation by slight touches. 
Bacc/n. To please by slight gratifications. Sidney 

To TFCKLE, tik'-kl. v. n. To feel litillation. Spen 
ser. 

TFCKLE y, tlk'-kl. a. Tottering; unfixed; unstable- 
uncertain ; easily overthrown. Chaucer 

TI'CKLENESS*, tik'-kl-nes. n. s. Unsteadiness- 
uncertainty. Chaucer. 

TFCKLER*, tik'-lur. n. s. One that tickles. Scott. 

TFCKLING*, tik'-ling. n. s. The act of affecting by 
slight touches ; the act of pleasing by slight grati- 
fications. B. Jonson. 

TICKLISH, tik'-kl-ish. a. Sensible to titration, 
easily tickled. Bacon. Tottering; uncertain; un- 
fixed. Woodward. Difficult; nice. Sicift. 

TI'CKLISHNESS, tik'-kl-ish-nes. n. s. The stale 
of being ticklish. 

TFCKTACK, tik'-tak. n.s. [trictrac, Fr.] A game 
at tables. Ball. 

TIDy, tld. a. [cybbep, Sax.] Tender; soft; nice. 

TFDBIT, tid'-bit. n. s. A daintv. 

To TI'DDER, tid'-dur. ; v. a. *To use tenderly; to 

To TI'DDLE, tid'-dl. \ fondle. 

TIDE y, tide. n. s. [fcib, fcyb, Sax. ; tijd, Dutch and 
Icel.] Time;- season; while. Spenser. Alternate 
ebb and flow of the sea. Locke. Commotion; vio- 
lent confluence. Bacon. Stream ; course. Shak. 

To TIDE. lide. r. a. To drive with the stream. 
Fettham, 

To TIDE, tide. v. n. To pour a flood ; to be agitated 
by the tide. Phillips. 

Tl 'DEGATE, tide'-gate. n. s. [tide and gate.] A 
gate through which the tide passes into a basin. 
Bailey. 

TFDESMAN, tldz'-man. 88. n. s. A tidewaiter or 
custom-house officer, who watches on board of mer- 
chant-ships till the duty of goods be paid and the 
ships unloaded. Bailey. 

TFDEWAITER, tlde'-wa-tfir. n. s. [tide and wafcl 
An officer who watches the landing of goods at th» 
custom-house. Swift. 

TFDTLY, tl'-de-le. ad. [from tidy.] Neatly ; readily 

TFDINESS, tl'-de-nes. n. s. Neatness ; readiness. 

TFDINGS, tl'-dingz. n.s. [tiban, Sax.] News; an 
account of something that has happeaed; incidents 
related Spenser 

929 



TIL 



TIM 



O* 559.— Fale, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, phi ;— 



TI'DYM'-de. a. [tidl, led. ; Sib, Sax.] Seasona- 
ble; timely. Tusser. [tidig, Su. Goth.] Neat; 
ready. Gay. 
To TIE $, tl. 276. v. a. [cian, fci^an, Sax.] To bind ; 
to fasten with a knot. 1 Sam. vi. To knit ; to com- 
plicate. Burriet. To hold ; to fasten ; to join so as 
not easily to be parted. Fairfax. To hinder ; to 
obstruct. Shak. To oblige; to constrain; to re- 
strain; to confine. Hooker. 

TIE,tk n.s. Knot; fastening-. See Tye. Bond; 
obligation. Bacon. A knot of hair. Young. 

TIER, teer. 275. n. s. [tiere, tieire, old Fr. ; tuyer, 
Dm.] A row; a rank. Knolles. 

TIERCE, terse. 277. n.s. [tiers, tiercier, Fr.] A ves- 
sel holding the third part of a pipe. B. Jonson. 

TFSRCET, teer'-set. n. s. [tiers, Fr.] A triplet; 
three lines. 

TIFF§, tlf. n. s. [a low word.] Liquor; drink. 
Phillips. A fit of peevishness or sullenness; a 
pet. 

To TIFF, tlf. v. n. To be in 'a pet; to quarrel. 

To TIFF*, tif. v. a. [tij'er. old Fr.] To dress ; to 
deck. Search. 

TIFFANY, tif -fa-ne. n. s. [tiffer, old Fr.] Very thin 
silk. Brown. 

TIG*, tig. n. s. [tekan, Goth.] A play in which efail- ! 
dren try to touch each other last. 

TIGE, tlje. n.s. [In architecture.] The shaft of a 
column from the astragal to the capital. Bailey. 

TIGER, tl'-gfir. 98. n. s. [tigre, Fr. ; tigris, Lat.] A 
fierce beast of the leonine kind. Shaksjieare. 

TIGHT§, lite. 393. a. [ty^an, Sax.] Tense; 
close ; not loose. Moxon. Free from fluttering 
rags; less than neat. Guy. Handy ; adroit. Shak- 
spectre. 

TIGHT*, pret. of To tie. Spenser. Ob. T. 

To TIGHTEN, tl'-tn. 103. v. a. [from tight.] To 
straiten ; to make close. 

TI'GHTER, ti'-t&r. n.s. [from tighten.] A riband 
or string by which women straiten their clothes. 

TFGHTLY, the'-le. ad. Closely ; not loosely. Neat- 
lv; not idly; briskly; cleverlv; adroitly. Shak. 

TIGHTNESS, tile'-nes. n.s. Closeness; not loose- 
ness. Woodward. Neatness. 

TI'GRESS, tl'-gres. n. s. The female of the tiger. 
Addison. 

TIGRISH*, tl'-grlsh. a. Resembling a. tiger. Sid- 
nei/. 

TIKE, tike. n. s. [tik, Swed. ; teke, Dutch ; tique. 
Fr.] The louse of dogs or sheep. Bacon, [tijk, 
Runick.] A dog ; a cur. Shak. A clown ; a vul- 
gar person ; a blunt or queer fellow : a northern 
word. H. Cary. 

TILE§, tile. n.s. [ti^le, Sax. ; tegel, Dutch ; tuile, 
Fr. ; tegcla, Ital.] Thin plates of baked clay used 
to cover houses. 'Bacon. 

To TILE, tile. v. a. To cover with tiles. Bacon. To 
cover as tiles. Donne. 

TI'LER, tl'-lur. 98. n. s. [twitter, FrJ One whose 
trade is to cover houses with tiles. Bacon. 

TFLING, tl'-ling. 410. n. s. The roof covered with 
tiles. St. Luke, v. 

TILL, till. n. s. [tul, Pers.] A money-box in a shop; 
a tiller. Swift. 

TILLS, till. prep, [til, Sax.] To the time of. Cowley. 
To. Bp. Fisher. 

TILL now. To the present time. Milton. 

TILL then. To that time. Milton. 

TILL, till. conj. To the time when. Milton. To the 

degree that." Bp. Taylor. 
To TILL, till. r. a. [cilian, Sax. ; teelen, Dutch.] 
To cultivate ; to husband : commonly used of the 
husbandry of the plough. Milton. 'To procure; 
to prepare. W. Browne. 

TFLLABLE, tll'-la-bl. 405. a. Arable; fit for the 
plough. Carew. 

TFLLAGE, tll'-lldje. 90. n.s. Husbandry; the act 
or practice of ploughing or culture. Bacon. 

TFLLER, tu'-lQr. 98. n.s. Husbandman; plough- 
man. Gen. iv. The rudder of a boat. The horse 
that goes in the thill: properly thiller. A till; a 
6malfdrawer. Dryden. A young timber-tree in a 



growing state : a technical word with woodmen. 

TI'LLYFALLY, tll'-le-fal-le. ) ad. [ a hunting 

TI'LLYVALLEY, tll'-le-val-le. \ phrase borrowed" 
from the French, ty a hi Haul et rallecy.] A word 
u.sed formerly when any thing said was rejected as 
trifling or impertinent. Shakspeare. 

TFLMAN, til'-man. n,s. One who tills; a husband- 
man. Tusser. 

T1LT§, tilt. n. s. [tylb, Sax. : tiald, Ice..] A tent ; 
any support of covering overhead. Denham. The 
cover of a boat. Sandys. A military game at 
which the comb.atants run against each other with 
lances on horseback. Shak. A thrust. Addison. 
[tillen, Dutch.] Inclination forward : as, the ves- 
sel is a tilt, when it is inclined, that the liquor may 
run out. 
To TILT, tilt. v. a. To cover like a tilt of a boat. 
To point as in lilts. Phillips, [tillen, Dutch.] To 
turn up so as to run out : as, The barrel is tilted , 
that is, leaned forward. 

To TILT, tilt. v. 7i. To run in tilts or tournaments. 
Milton. To fight with rapiers. Shak. To rush 
as in combat ; to strike as in combat. Browne. 
To play unsteadily. Milton. To fall on one side. 
Grew. 

TI'LTER, tllt'-5r. 98. n. s. One who tills; one who 
fights. Sliakspeare. 

TILTH, tftlh. 7i. s. [Ccomtill; tilS,Sax.] Husband- 
ry; culture; tillage; tilled ground; cultivated 
land. Shakspeare. 

TI'MBER$, tlm'-bur. 98. n. s. [eimbeji, Sax.] 
Wood-fit lor building. Spenser. The main trunk 
of a tree. Shak. The main beams of a fabrick. 
Materials, ironically. Bacon. 

To TI'MBER, tlm'-bur. v. n. To light on a tree. 
L'Estrans'e. 

To TI'MBER, tlm'-bur. v. a. To furnish with beams 
or timber. 

TI'MBERED, tlm'-burd. 559. a. Built; formed 
contrived. Shakspeare. 

Tl'MBERSOW, tim'-bfir-sofi. n. s. A worm in 
wood ; perhaps the wood louse. Bacon. 

TIMBREL $, llm'-brll. 99. n.s. [perhaps a corrup- 
tion of tambour, or tambourine.] A kind of musical 
instrument played by pulsation. Spenser. 

TI'MBRELLED*, tlm'-brlld. a. Sung to the sound 
of the timbrel. Milton. 

TFMBURIINE*. n. s. See Tambourine. 

TIME §, time. n.s. [tim, fcima, Sax. ; tima, Ice!.; 
tym, Erse ; timme, Swed.] The measure of dura- 
tion. Locke. Space of time. Dan. ii. Interval. 
Bacon. Life, considered as employed, or destined 
to employment. Felt. Season; proper time. Ec- 
clus. iii. A considerable space of duration ; con- 
tinuance ; process of time. Dryden. Age; part of 
duration distinct from other parts. Dan. vii. Past 
time. Shak. Early time. Bacon. Time, consicN 
ered as affording opportunity. Cbirendon. Partic- 
ular quality of some part of duration. Shak. Par- 
ticular time. Numb. xxvi. Hour of childbirth. 
Clarendon. Repetition of any thing, or mertion 
with reference to repetition. Milton. Musical 
measure. Shakspeare. 

To TIME, lime. v. a. To adapt to the time ; to bring 
or do at a proper time. Bacon. To regulate as to 
time. Addisoji. To measure harmonically. Shak. 

TFMEFUL, tlme'-ful. a. Seasonable; timely; ear- 
Iv. Raleigh. 

TI'ME KEEPER* tlme'-ke-pur. )n.s. A walch or 

TI'MEPIECE*, time'-pees. $ clock that keeps 

good lime. Ash. 

Tl'MELESS, tlme'-les a. Unseasonable ; done at 
an improper time. Pope. Untimely; immature; 
done before the proper time. Sliak. Endiess. 
Young. 

TI'MELESSLY*, tlme'-les-le. ad. Before the natu- 
ral time; unseasonably. Milton. 

TI'MELINESS*, time'-le-nes. n. s. The slate or 
circumstance of being timely. Scott. 

TI'MELY,tlme'-le. a. Seasonable; sufficiently early. 
Shak. Keeping measure, time, or tune. Spenser. 
930 



TIN 



TIR 



—116, move, nor, 1161 ;— tube, tub, bull ;— dil ;— p6imd ;— th'm, this. 



TIMELY, tlme'-le. ad. Early, soon. Sliakspeare. 

TI'MEPLEASER, tlme'-ple-a&r. n. s. One who 
complies with prevailing- opinions, whatever they 
be. Sfuikspeare. 

Tl MESERVER*. time'-serv-ur. n. s. One who 
meanly complies with present power. Bp. Hall. 

TIMESERVING, time -serv-lng. n.s. Mean com- 
pliance with present power. South. 

TI'MID$, tim'-id. a. [titnide, Fr. 5 tiimdus, Lat.] 
Fearful; timorous; wanting - courage; wanting 
boldness. Thomson. 

TIMI'DITY, te-mid'-e-ie. n. s. [iimidUL Fr. ; timid- 
. Lat.] Fearfulness; timorousness ; habitual 
cowardice. Mirror for Magistrates. 

Tl MIST*, tl'-mist. n.s. One who complies with the 
times; a timeserver. Overburii. 

TIMOROUS $, tim'-flr-us. 314. a. [timor, Lat.] 
Fearful ; full of fear and scruple. Brown. 

TI'MOROUSLY, tW-fir-as-16. «k*. Fearfully; with 
much fear. Locke. 

TI'MOROUSNESS, tim'-ur-us-nes. n.s. Tearful- 
ness. Burton. 

Tl MOUS, tt'-mus. 314. a. Early; timely; not in- 
nate. Bacon. Ob. J. 

TIN } 5 Iter. n. s. [ten, Dutch.] One of the primitive 
metals, called by the chymists Jupiter. Woodward. 
Thin plates of iron covered with tin. 

To T IN, tin. ?\ a. To cover with tin. Boyle. 

Tl NCAL, tin'-k&l. n.s. A mineral. Woodward. 

To TINCTS, tingkt. v. a. [tinctus, Lat. ; teint, Fr.] 
To stain ; to colour; to spot ; to dye. Bacon. To 
imbue with a taste. Bacon. 

TINCT*, tingkt. part. Coloured; stained. Spenser. 

TINCT, tingkt. 408. n. s. Colour ; stain ; spot. Shak. 

TI'NCTURE, tingk'-lslmre. 461. n. s. [teinture, Fr.; 
tinctura, Lat.] Colour or taste superadded by some- 
thing. Wotion. Extract of some drug made in 
spirits. Boyle. 

To TI'NCTURE, tingk'-tshure. v. a. To imbue or 
impregnate with some colour or taste. Blackmore. 
To imbue the mind. Atterbury. 

To TIND§, 1M. v. a. [tandjan, M. Goth. ; taenda, 
Su. Goth. ;%enban, Sax.] To kindle; to set on 
fire. Bp. Sanderson. 

TINDER, tin'-d&r. 98. n.s. [fcynbpe, fcenbjie, 
Sax.] Any thing eminently inflammable placed to 
catch fire. ShaJes})eare. 

Tl'NDERBOX, tm'-diir-boks. n. s. The box for 
holding tinder. Hudibras. 

TFNDERLIKE*, uV-d6r-like. a. Inflammable as 
tinder. Sliakspeare. 

TINE, tine. n. s. [tindr, Icel. ; tinbap, Sax.] The 
tooth of a harrow; the spike of a fork. Mortimer. 
Trouble ; distress. Spemer. 

To TINE, tine. v. a. [^ynan, Sax. See ToTind.] 
To kindle; to light; to set on fire. Spenser, [fci- 
nan, Sax.] To shut; to fence, or enclose. Coles. 

To TINE, tine. v. n. To rage; to smart. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 

Tl'NEMAN*, orTFENMAN*, line'-man. n.s. Of 
old, a petty officer in the lorest, who had the noc- 
turnal care of vert and venison, and other servile 
employments. Cowel. 

To TING*, ling. v. n. [tinier, Fr.] To ring ; to sound 
as a bell. Cotgrare. 

TING*, ting. n. s. A sharp sound : as, the ting of a 
bell. Sherwood. 

To TINGE §, tinje. »• a - U^gO, Lat.] To impreg- 
nate or imbue with a colour or taste. Addison. 

TINGENT, tln'-jent. a. [tingens, Lat.] Having the 
power to tinge. Boyle. 

TI'NGLASS, tin'-glas n. s, [tin and gluss.] Bis- 
muth. 

To TPNGLE$, ting'-gl. 405. v. n. [tingelen, Dutch.] 
To feel a sound, or the continuance of a sound, in 
the ears. 1 Sam. iii. To feel a sharp, quick pain, 
with a sensation of motion. Pope. To feel either 
pain or pleasure with a sensation of motion. 
Tkkell. 

TINGLING*, ting'-gling. n. s. A kind of pain or 
pleasure with a sensation of motion ; a noise in the 
ears. 



ToTINK, tlngk. 408. v. v. [tinnio, Lat. ; tinrian, 

Welsh.] To make a sharp, shrill noise. 
TINKER, lingk'-ftr. n. 5. [from tink, because 

their way of proclaiming their trade is to beat a 

kettle.] A mender of old brass. Sliakspeare. 
To Tl'NKLE §, tingk'-kl. 405. v. n. [thician, Welsh.] 

To make a sharp, quick noise ; to clink. B, Jorison. 

To hear a low, quick noise. Dryden. 
To Tl'NKLE*, tingk'-kl. v. a. To cause to clink. 

Rat/. 
Tl'NKLE*, tingk'-kl. n.s. Clink; a quick noise 

Mason. 
TFNKLING*, tingk'-ling. n. s. A quick noise. 

Isaiah, iii. 
Tl NMAN,tin'-man. 8-8. n. s. A manufacturer of tin, 

or iron tinned over. Prior. 
TFNNER, tin' -nor. 98. n.s. One who works in the 

tin mines. Bacon. 
TFNNY, lin'-ne. a. Abounding with tin. Drayton. 
TFNPENNY, tin'-pen-ne. n.s. A certain customary 

duty anciently paid to the tithing men. Bailey. 
TI'NSEL $, tln'-sil. 99. n. s. [etincelle, Fr.] A kind 

of shining cloth. Fairfax. Any thing shining- with 

false lustre; any thing showy and of little value. 

Dryden. 
TINSEL*, tln'-sil. a. Specious; showy; plausible; 

superficial. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
To TI'NSEL, tln'-sil. v. a. To decorate with cheap 

ornaments ; to adorn with lustre that has no value. 

Cleaveland. 
TINT §, tint. n. s. [teinte, Fr. ; tinla, Ital,] A dye ; a 

colour. Pope. 
To TINT*, tint. v. a. To tinge ; to colour. Seward. 
TINTAMA'R*, tin-ta-mar'. n. s. [tintamarre, old Fr.] 

A confused noise ; a hideous outcry. Mason.. 
TFNWORM, tin'-wurm. n. s. An insect. 
TFNY, ti'-ne. a. [tint, tind, Dan.] Little; small; 

puny : a burlesque word. Sliakspeare. 
TIP §, tip. n. s. [tip, tipken, Dutch.] Top ; end ; 

point; extremity. Sidney. One part of the play 

at ninepins. Dryden. 
To TIP, tip. v. a. To top ; to end; to cover on the 

end. Sluxk. To give : a low, cant term. Dryden. 

To strike lightly ; to tap. Swift. 
To TIP*, tip. v. n. With off: to fall off; to die : a 

vulgar phrase. 
TI'PPET, tip' -pit. 99. n. s. [fcseppet, Sax,] Some, 

thing worn about the neck. Bacon. 
To TI'PPLE §. tip'-pl. 405. v. n. [tepel, olrfTcut.] 

To drink luxuriously ; to waste life over the cup. 

Sliakspeare. 
To TI'PPLE, tlp'-pl. v. a. To drink in luxury lr 

excess. Cleaveldnd. 
TI'PPLE, tip'-pl. n. s. Drink; liquor. L' 'Estrange. 
TI'PPLED, tip'-pl'd. 359. a. Tipsy ; drunk. Dryden 
TI'PPLER, tip'-pl-6r. 98. n.s. A sottish drunkard ; 

an idle, drunken fellow. Harmar. 
TFPPLING-HOUSE*, tip'-pl-ing-h6use. n. s. A 

house in which liquors are sold; a publick-house. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
TFPSTAFF, tip'-staf. n. s. [tip and staff] An offi- 
cer with a staff tipped with metal. The staff itself 

so tipped. Bacon. 
TI'PSY, t?p'-se. a. [from tipple.] Drunk ; overpow- 
ered with excess of drink. Sliakspeare. 
TIPTOE, Up'-to. ». s. The end of the toe. Spenser. 
TFPTOP*, tip'-top. n. s. An expression, often used 

in common conversation, denoting the utmost de- 
gree, excellence, or perfection. Gray, 
TIRE. teer. n. s. [cien, Sax.] Rank; row. Some- 
times written tier. Raleigh. Furniture ; apparatus. 

Phillips. [tlre.The iron for a wheel. Perry.] [cor- 
rupted from liar or tiara.] A head-dress, Spenser. 
^rj= As this word, when it signifies a rank or row, is uni- 
versally pronounced like tear, a drop from the eye, it 
ought always to be written tier / which would prevent 
a gross irregularity. This is the more* ^o be wished, 
not only as its derivation from the old French tiere 
seems to require this spelling, but to distinguish it from 
the word tire, a head-dress ; which, probably, being a 
corruption either of the word tiara, an ornament for 
the head, or of the English word attire, ought to bo 
written and pronounced like the word tire, to fatisuo, 
931 



Til 



TO 



O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t ; — pine, pin ; — 



Dr.Kenrick is the only orthoepist who has attended to 
this distinction.— §ee Bowl. W. 
To TIRE §, tire. v. a. [tipan, fcipian, Sax.] To 
fatigue ; to make weary ; to harass ; to wear out 
with labour or tediousness. Dnjden. [from attire 
or tire, from tiara.] To dress the head. 2 Kings, ix. 
To TIRE, tire. v. n. [teopian, Sax.] To fail with 

weariness. Shakspeare. 
To TIRE*, tire. v. n. [fcipan, Sax.] To feed or 

prey upon. Gower. 
TIREDNESS, tlr'd'-nSs. n.s. State of being tired; 

weariness. Halcewill. 
TIRESOME, tlre'-sum. 165. a. Wearisome; fa- 
tiguing ; tedious. Addison. 
TIRESOMENESS, tlre'-sum-nes. n. s. Act or qual- 
ity of being tiresome. 
ITRE WOMAN, tlre'-wum-un. 88. n. s. [tire and 
woman.'] A woman whose business is to make 
dresses lor the head. Locke. 
URINGHOUSE, ll'-rmg-hduse. ) n. s. [tire and 
ITRIN GROOM, tl'-rlng-room. $ house, or room.] 
The room in which players dress for the stage. 
Sliakspeare. 
ITKWIT, uV-wit. n. s. A bird. Ainsworth. 
TIS, t?z. Contracted for it -is. Sliakspeare. 
ITSICAL, tlz'-e-kal. 509. a. [for phthisical] Con- 
sumptive. 
ITS1CK, t?z'-fk. n. s. [corrupted from plithisick.] 

Consumption ; morbid waste. 
IYSSUES, tW-u. 452. n.s. [tissu, Fr. ; tiran, 
Norm. Sax.] Cloth interwoven with gold or silver, 
or figured colours. Milton. 
To TI'SSUE, tlsh'-u. v. a. To interweave ; to varie- 
gate. Bacon. 
TIT §, t?t. n. s. [tU,Teut. little.] A small horse : gene- 
rally in contempt. Tusser. A woman : in con- 
tempt. Burton. — A titmouse or tomtit. A bird. 
TITBIT, tlt'-blt. n. s. [properly tidbit ; tid, tender, 

and bit'] Nice bit ; nice food. Arbuthnot. 
TITRABLE, tlTH'-a-bl. a. Subject to the pay- 
ment of tithes; that of which tithes may be taken. 
Swift. 
TITHE §, tlTHe. 467. n. s. [fceSoa, Sax.] The 
tenth part ; the part assigned to the maintenance 
of the ministry. Bacon. The tenth part of any 
thing. Shak. Small part ; small portion. Bacon. 
To TITHE, tlTHe. r. a. [teoSian, Sax.] To tax ; 

to levy the tenth part. Deut. xxvi. 
To TITHE, tlTHe. r. n. To pay tithe. Tusser. 
TITHEFRE'E*, tlTH'-fre. a. Exempt from pay- 
ment of tithe. Abp. Hort. 
PfTHER, tl'-THQr. 98. n. s. One who gathers 

"tithes. • 

TITHING, tl'-THUig. 410. n. s. [ti3in£, Sax.] 
Tithing is the number or company often men with 
their families knit together in a society, all of them 
being bound to Oie king for the peaceable and 
good behaviour of each of their society : of these 
companies there was one chief person, who, from 
his office, was called (toothingman) tithingman; 
but now he is nothing but a constable. Cowel. 
Tithe ; tenth part due to the priest. Tusser. 
TITHINGMAN, tV-THlng-man.n. s. A petty peace- 
officer ; an under-constable. Spenser. 
TITHYMAL, tlTH'-e-mal. n. s. [lithynuxllus, Lat.] 

An herb. Slierwood. 
To TITILLATE §, uV-til-late. v. n. [titillo, Lat.] 

To tickle. Pope. 
TITILLA'TION, tlt-tll-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; titillatio, 
Lat.] The act of tickling. Bacon. The state of 
being tickled. Arbuthnot. Any slight or petty pleas- 
ure. Glanville. 
TITLARK, uV-lark. n. s. A bird See Tit, and 

Titmouse. Walton. 
Tl'TLE §, tl'-tl. 405. n. s. [titul,Sax.; titelle, old 
Fr. ; titulus „!,&.] A general head comprising par- 
ticulars. Bacon. An appellation of honour. Shak. 
A name ; an appellation. Shak. The first page of a 
book, telling its name, and generally its subject; 
an inscription. Shak. A claim of right. Hooker. 
To Tl'TLE, tl'-tl, v. a. T<r entitle ; to name ; to call 
Milton. 



TITLELESS, tl'-tl-les. a. Wanting a name or ap 
pellation. Clmucer. 

TITLEPAGE, tl'-tl-padje. n. s. The page contain- 
ing the title of a book. Dnjden. 

TITMOUSE, tit'-md&se. ) n. s. [tijt, Dutch ] A 

TIT, tit. S small bird. Spenser. 

ToTl'TTER§, tit'-tOr. 98. v. n. [teitr, Icel.] Tc 
laugh with restraint ; to laugh without much noise 
Pope. 

TITTER, tlt'-tflr. n. s. A restrained laugh. NeoU» 

TITTLE, tft'-ll. 405. n. s. [tutlel, Germ.] A smal' 
particle ; a point ; a ,dot. Clarendon. 

TITTLETATTLE/th'-tl-tat'-tl. n. s. [formed from 
tattle by reduplication.] Idle talk; prattle; empty 
gabble. Prior. An idle talker. Taller. 

To T1TTLETATTLE, th'-tl-tat'-tl. v.n. To prate 
idly. Shakspeare. 

TITTLETATTLING, tiV-tl-tat'-tllng. n. s. The 
act of prating idly. Sidney. 

To TITUBATE*, tit'-tshu-bate. v. n. [titubo, Lat.] 
To stumble. Cockeram. 

TITUBATION, tit-tshu-baZ-shfin. n. s. The act of 
stumbling. 

TITULAR}, tu'-tshu-lfir. 88. a. [titulaire, Fr. jfrom 
titutus, Lat.] Nominal ; having or conferring only 
the title. Bacon. 

TITULA'RITY, tlt-tshu-lar'-e-te. n.s. The state of 
being titular. Brown. 

T1TULARLY*, tit'-tshu-lar-le. ad. Nominally ; by 
title on I v. Mountagu. 

TITULARY, tft'-tshu-la-re. a. Consisting in a title. 
Bacon. Relating to a title. Bacon.- 

TITULARY, tiY-tshu-la-re. n. s. One that has a 
title or right. Ayliffe. 

TFVY, tiv'-e. n. s. A word expressing speed, from 
tantivy, the note of a hunting-horn. Dryden. 

TO§", too. ad. [fco, Sax. ; ie, Dutch.] A- 'article com- 
ing between two verbs, and noting the second as 
the object of the first : as, I love to read. Smal- 
ridge. It notes the intention : as, She raised a 
war to call me back. Dryden. After an adjective, 
it notes its object : as, ready to try. $hak. Noting 
futurity : as, We are still to seek. Beptley. — To and 
again. To and fro. Backward and forward. 
Fairfax. 

$5= What lias been observed of the word the, respecting 
the length of the e before a vowel, and its shortness 
before a consonant, is perfectly applicable to the prepo- 
sition, and the adverb to. This will be palpubre in the 
pronunciation of the verbs to begin and to end, and in 
the phrases, I went to London, he went to Eton. It 
may be observed too, that this word, though deprived of 
its o to the eye, always preserves it to the ear. Wheth- 
er we see it elided, as in Pope's Essay on Man, — 
1: Say what the use were finer opticks giv'n, 
" T" inspect a mite, not comprehend the heav'n, — " 
or preserved with an apostrophe after it, as in Milton. — 

" For still they knew, and ought to' have still rememberM - 

"The high injunction not to taste that fruit, 

" Whoever tempted, — " 
in both these instances the word to ought to be pro- 
nounced in exactly the same manner ; that is, like the 
number two. W. 

TO, t66. preposition. Noting motion towards ; op 
posed \ofrom. Sidney. Noting accord or adapta 
tion : as, moved on to soft pipes. Milton. Noting 
address or compellation : as, Here's to you all. 
Denham. Noting attention or application. Dryden. 
Noting addition or accumulation : as, Wisdom he 
has, and to his wisdom courage. Denham. Noting 
a str.te or place whither any one goes : as, away 
to horse. Shak. Noting opposition : as, foot to foot. 
Dryden. Noting amount: as, to the number of 
three hundred. Bacon. Noting proportion : as, 
three to nine. Hooker. Noting possession or ap- 
propriation : as, He has it to himself. Felton. No- 
ting perception : as, sharp to the taste. Dryden. 
Noting the subject of an affirmation : as, oath to 
the contrary. Sliak. In comparison of : as, There 
is no fool to the sinner. Tillotson. As far as. Locke 
Noting intention. B. Jonson. After an adjective, it 
notes the object : as, attentive to the godlike man. 



TOG 



TOL 



-nA, mflve, n6r, nAt ;— tube, tftb, bull ; — 611; — pAund ; — (/tin, Tuis. 



Dryden. Noting obligation : as, duty to God. Ho- 1 
lijduij. Respecting. Slu.dc. Noting extent. Ham- i 
vwnli. Towards. Dryden. Noting presence. Swift. \ 
Noting effect ; noting consequence. Bacon. Alter 
a verb, to notes the object : as, directed to their right I 
end. Locke. Noting the degree : as. to the height I 
of four inches. Boyle. Before day, to note the ' 
present day ; before morrow, the day next coming; I 
before night, either the present night, or night next 
coming. Shak, — To-day, to-night, to-morrow, are 
used, not very properly, as substantives in the nom- 
inative and other cases. Shakspeare, 
TOAD$. tAde. 295. n. s. [tabe, Sax.J A paddock ; 
ao animal resembling a frog; but the frog leaps, 
the toad crawls : the toad is accounted venomous, 
perhaps without reason. Shakspeare. 
TOADEATER*, tAde'-e-tur. n.s. A contemptu- 
ous term of modern times for a fawning parasite, a 
servile sycophant. Sir C. Hanbunj Williams. 
TO ADFISH. tAde'-fish. n. s. A kind of sea-fish. 
TOADFLAX. tAde'-riaks. n. s. A plant. 
TOADISH*. tAde'-Ish. a. Venomous; like a toad. 

Stafford. 
TO ADSTONE, tAde'-stAne. n. s. A concretion sup- 
posed to be found in the head of a tcad. Brown. 
TO ADSTOOL, tAde'-slAol. n. s. A plant like a 

mushroom. Spenser. 
To TOAST §, tAste. 295. v. a. [toste, old Fr. ; torreo, 
tostum, Lat.] To dry or heat at tne fire. Bacon. 
To name when a health is drunk. Addison. 
To TOAST, t6ste. r. n. To give a toast or health to 

be drunk. Burke. 
TOAST, tAste. n. s. Bread dried before the fire. 
Slink. Bread dried and put into liquor. A cele- 
brated woman, whose health is often drunk : this 
was at first the meaning; but it is now applied to 
publick characters, or private friends, whose health 
we propose to drink. Tatkr. 
TO' ASTER, tAsi'-Gr. 98. n. s. One who toasts. Prior. 
TOBA'CCO §, tA-bak'-kA. n.s. [from Tobaco, or To- 
bago, in America.] A plant, the leaves of which 
are used in smoking, and for the manufacture of 
snuff. Miller. Locke. 
TOBA'CCONTNG* tA-bak'-kA-ning. a. Smoking 

tobacco. Bp. Hall. 
TOBACCONIST, tA-bak'-kA-nist. ?i. s. A preparer 

and vender of tobacco. B. Jonson. 
TOCSIN*, tok -sin. n.s. [tocsein, old Fr.] An alarm- 
bell. Fulke. 
TOD §, tod. n. s. [lolte, Germ, and Swed.l A bush ; 
a thick shrub. Spenser. A certain weight of wool, 
twenty-eight pounds. Sliak. A fox. B. Jonson. 
To TOD* ; tAd. v. n. To weigh ; to produce a tod. 

Shaksjieare. 
To TO'DDLE* tod'-dl. v.n. To saunter about : it 

implies feebleness, quasi tottle.-Pegge. 
TODDY*, tod'-de. n. s. A tree in the East Indies. 
Sir T. Herbert. Liquor extracted from the tree. 
Sir T. Herbert. In low language, a kind of punch, 
or mixture of spirits and water. 
TOE, tA. 296. n. s. [fca, Sax. ; teen, Dutch.] The di- 
vided extremities of the feet; the fingers of the feet. 
Shakspeare. 
TOFOTcE, t6-fAre / . ad. [topojian, Sax.] Before. 

Sha/cspeare. Ob. J. 
TOFO'RE* tA-fdre'. prep, [fcopop., Sax.] Before. 

Spectator. Ob. T. 
TOFT, tAft. 7i. s. [to/turn, low Lat. ; topi, Su. Goth. ; 
toft, Dan. et Scano-Goth.] A place where a mes- 
suage has stood. Cowel. 
TO'FLS*. See Tophus. 

TO'GATED*, tA'-ga-ted. a. [togalus, Lat.] Gown- 
ed ; toged. Sir M. Sandys. 
TO'GED, tA'-ged. 381. a. [togalus, Lat.] Gowned ; 

dressed in gowns. Shakspeare. 
TOGETHER, tA-ggTH'-Ar. 381. ad. [fco£a;8eji, 
Sax.] I",£ompany. Shak. Not apart ; not in sep- 
aration. Bacon. In the same place. Dories. In 
the same time. Dryden. Without intermission. 
Dryden. In concert. Addison. In continuity. 
Miltou. — Together with. In union with; in a state 
of mixture with. Dryden. 



To TOIL §, tdil. 299. v. n. [tilian, Sax. ; tuvlen, 
Dutch.] To labour; perhaps, originally, to labour 
in tillage. Sha/cspeare. 
To TOIL, lAll. v.a. To labour; to work at. Milton. 

To weary ; to overlabour. Shakspeare. 
TOIL, toil, n.s. Labour; fatigue. Hooker, [toile, 
toiles, Fr. ; tela, Lat.] Any net or snare woven or 
meshed. Shakspeare. 
TO / ILER* { lAll'-Ar. n.s. One who toils; one who 

wearies himself. Sherwood. 
TOILET, lAil'-et. n. s. [toilette, Fr.] A dressing-ta- 
ble. Pope. 
TOILFUL*, tAil'-f&l. a. [toil and /«//.] Laborious ■ 
full of employment. Florio. Wearisome. Smollet. 
TOILSOME, t6il'-sum. a. Laborious ; weary. Mil- 
ton. 
TO'lLSOMENESS, idil'-sftm-nes. n.s. Wearisome- 

ness; laboriousness. 
TOKA>Y*Ab-kk'. n.s. [from Tokay, in Hungary.] 

A kind of wine. Townson. 
TO'KEN§, tA'-kn. 103. n. s. [taikns, Goth. ; tacn, 
Sax. ; teycken, Dutch.] A sign. Ps. Ixxxvi. A mark. 
Heijlin. A memorial of friendship ; an evidence 
of remembrance. Shak. A piece of money current 
by sufferance, not coined by authority : formerly 
of very small value : in modern times, for the con- 
venience of change, of higher. B. Jonson. 
TbTO'KEN, tA'-kn. v.a. To make known. Shak- 
speare. Ob. J. 
TO'KENED*, tA'-knd. a. Having marks or spots. 

Shakspeare. 
TOLD, tAld. pret. and part. pass, of tell. Mentioned ; 

related. Milton. 
To TOLE, tAle. via. See Toll. To train; to 

draw by degrees ; to decoy. Fulke. 
TOLE'DO* tA-le'-dA. n. s. [from Toledo, in Spain.] 
A sword of the finest Toledo temper. B. Jonson. 
TOLERABLE §, tol'-fir-a-bl. 88. a. [Fr. ; tolerabilis, 
Lat.] Supportable ; that may be endured or sup- 
ported. Hooker. Not excellent ; not contemptible , 
passable. Dryden. 
TO'LERABLENESS, tol'-ur-a-bl-nes. n. s. The 

state of being tolerable. 
TO'LERABLY, tol'-ur-a-ble. ad. Supportably ; in a 
manner that may be endured. Hammond. Passa- 
bly ; neither well nor ill ; moderately well. Wood- 
ward. 
TO'LERANCE, lol'-Gr-anse. 557. n. s. [Fr.] Power 

of enduring ; act of enduring. Bacon. 
TO'LERANT*, toF-fir-ant. a. [tolerant, Lat.] Fa- 
vourable to toleration. Professor White. 
To TOLERATE, tol'-ur-ate. 555. v. a. [tolero, I^at. ; 
tolerer, Fr.] To allow so as not to hinder ; to suf- 
fer ; to pass uncensured. Hooker. 
TOLERATION, tAl-ur-a'-sh&n. n. s. Allowance 

given to that which is not approved. South. 
TOLL §, tAle. 40G. n. s. [from tell, adnumerare, as 
dole from deal.] An excise of goods ; a seizure of 
some part for permission of the rest. Cowel. The 
sound made by the bell being tolled. H. Tooke. 
To TOLL, tAle. v. n. To pay toll or tallage. Shalt 
To take toll or tallage. Tusser. To sound as a 
single bell. Shakspeare. 
To TOLL, tAle. v.a. To make a bell sound with 
solemn pauses. Stillingfleet. To call by sound. 
Dryden. To notify by sound. Beattie. To take 
toll of; to collect. Shak. — [tol.] To take away ; to 
vacate ; to annul : a term only used in the civil law : 
in this sense the o is short, in the former long. Ay- 
lift'e. To take away, or perhaps to invite. See 
To Tole. Bacon. 
TO'LLBOOTH, tAl'-boA-TH. n. s. [toll and booth.] A 
prison : properly a custom-house; an exchange. 
Wicliffe. 
To TO'LLBOOTH, tAl'-boAxH. v.a. To imprison 

in a tollbooth. Bp. Corbett. 
TO'LLDISH*, tAl'-dish. n. s. [toll and dish.] A ves- 
sel by which the loll of corn for grinding is measur- 
ed. Beaumont and Fletclier. 
TO'LLER*, tA'-lur. n. s. One who collects tribute or 
taxes ; a toll-gatherer. Barret. One who tolls a 
bell. 

933 



TON 



TOP 



(0=559 — Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk;— pine, pin: 



TO'LLGATHERER, t6le'-gaTH-or-ur. n.s. The 
officer that lakes toll. Wicfiffe. 

TO'LSEY, tol'-ze. 438. n. s. The same with lollbooth. 
Diet. 

TOLUTA'TION, t6l-ii-ta'-shun. n.s. Uoluto, Lat.] 
The act of pacing- or ambling. Brown. 

TOMB$, loom. 164, 347. n.s. [toinbe, tombeau, Fr. ; 
tumba, low LatJ A monument in which the dead 
are enclosed. Shakspeare. 
To TOMB, loom. 347. v. a. To bury; to entomD. 
May, 

TO'MBLESS, tSom'-les. a. Wanting a tomb ; want- 
ing a sepulchral monument. Shalcspeare. 

TO'MBOY, tom'-boe. n.s. {Tom, a diminutive of 
Thomas, and boy.} A mean fellow ; sometimes a 
wild, coarse girl. Shakspeare. 

TO / MBSTONE*,t66m / -sl6ne. n.s. A stone laid over 
the dead ; a stone placed in memorv of the dead. 
Prior. 

TOME, t6me. n. s. [Fr. ; rofios, Gr.] One volume 
of many. A book. Hooker. 

TOMTI T, tdm-tll 7 . n. s. A titmouse ; a small bird. 
Spectator. 

TON, I 2 ( in the names of places, are derived 

TUN, S ' ( from the Saxon tun, a hedge or wall, 
and ibis seems to be from bun, a hill, the towns be- 
ing anciently built on hills for the sake of defence 
and protection in limes of war. Gibson. 

TON, tun. IG5. n. s. [tonne, Fr. See Tun.] A meas- 
ure or weight. Bacon. 

TONES, l6ne. n.s. [ton, Fr. ; tonus, Lat.] Note; 
sound. Bacon. Accent; sound of the voice. Dry- 
den. A whine ; a mournful cry. Hudibras. A 
particular or affected sound in speaking - . Elasti- 
city; power of extension and contraction. Arbuth- 
not. 

To TONE*, l6ne. v. a. To utter in an affected tone. 
South. 

TONED*, t6nd. a. Having tone. Young, 

TONG, tung. 165, 406. n. s. See Tongs. The catch 
of a buckle, usually written tongue. Spenser. 

TONGS, tongz. 7i.s. [tans', Sax. ; tang, Dutch.] 
An instrument by which hold is taken of any thing; 
as of coals h, ..ie fire. Spenser. 

TONGUES, tung. 165, 337. n.s. [tun$, Sax.; 
tonghe, Dutch.] The instrument of speech in human 
beings. Shale. The organ by which animals lick. 
Milton. Speech ; fluency of words. Chapinan. 
Power of articulate utterance. Dryden. Speech, 
as well or ill used. Sha/c. A language. Dent. 
xxvii. Speech, as opposed to thoughts or action. 
\.John, iii. A nation, distinguished by their lan- 

§uage : a Scriptural term. Rev. v. A bay. [tang, 
wed.] Isa.x'\. A small point : as, the tongue ut 
a balance. — To hold the tongue. To be silent. 
Diyden. 

To TONGUE, lung. 337. v.a. To chide ; to scold. 
Shakspeare. 

To TONGUE, tung. v.n. To talk; to prate. Sha/c. 

TONGUED, tungd. 359. a. Having a tongue. Donne. 

TO'NGUELESS, tung'-les. a. Wanting a tongue ; 
speechless. ShaJcspeare. Unnamed ; not spoken 
of. Shakspeare. 

TCKNGUEPAD, tung'-pad. n.s. [tongue and pad.] 
A great talker. Tatter. 

To TO'NGUETIE*, tung'-ll. r.. a. [tongue and tie.] 
To render unable to speak. Goodman. 

TCKNGUETIED, tftng'-tide. 282. a. Having an im- 
pediment of speech. Holder. Unable to speak 
freelv, from whatever cause. Shakspeare. 

TO'NICAL, t&ii'-Ik-al. ; a. [tonique, Fr. ; reivu, Gr.] 

TG NICK, ton'-lk. 509. $ Being extended ; being 
elastick. Brown. Relating to tones or sounds. 
Mason. 

TO NICKS*, tdn'-iks. n. s. Medicines to strengthen 
the tone. 

TO'NNAGE, tan'-nfdje. 90, 165. n. s. [from ton.] A 
custom or impost due for merchandise brought or 
carried in tons from or to olher nations, after a cer- 
tain rate in every ton. Cowel. 

TO'NSIL, ton'-sil. n. s. [tonsille, Fr. ; tonsillce. Lat.] 
Tonsils, or almonds, are two round glands placed | 



on the sides of the basis of the toug-ue, under the 
common membrane of the fauces, with which they 
are covered. Quincy. 
TO'NSILE*. t&n'-sil. a. [tonsHxs, Lat.] That ma- v e 
, clipped. Mason. 

j TONSURE, tdn'-shure. 452. n. s. [Fr. ; ton.sura. 
i Lat.] The act of clipping the hair; the state of be : 
• ing shorn. Addison. 

I TONTINE*, t6n-leen'. n. s. [from Tonti, an Italian. 
! who is said to have first formed the scheme of life 

annuities.] Annuity on survivorship. Chambers. 
TO'NY*, to'-ne. n. s. A simpleton : a ludicrous word. 

Dryden. 
TOO, t5o. 10. ad. [to, Sax.] Over and above ; over 
much; more than enough. Cowley. Likcwi;-. 
also. Shakspeare. 
TOOK, l66k. [tuk, Jones.'] The preterit, and some 

times the participle passive of take. Shakspeare. 

TOOL, tSol. 306. n. s. [to], tool, Sax.] Any iastru- 

ment of manual operation. Bacon. A hireling ; a 

wretch who acts at the command of another. Swift. 

TOOM* i65m. a. [torn, Dan. and Swed.] Empty : 

a northern word. Wicliffe. 
To TOOT $, td6t. v. n. [cotian, Sax.] To pry ; to 
peep ; to search narrowly and slyly ; to look about. 
Abp. Cranmer. To sound ; to make a noise. Bp. 
Hall. To stand out ; to be prominent. Howell. 
To TOOT*, toot. v. a. To look into ; lo see. Pierce 

PL Crede. To sound. W. Browne. 
TO'OTER*, toSt'-fir. n. s. One who plays upon a 

pipe or horn. B. Jonson. 
TOOTH §, iQbth. 467. n. s. plural teeth, [tunthus, M. 
Goth. ; toe?, Sax.] The teeth are the hardest and 
smoothest bones of the body : about the seventh or 
eighth month they begin lopierce the edge of the 
jaw : about the seventh year they are thrust out by 
new teeth, and if these teeth be lost they never grow 
again ; but some have shed their teeth twice : about 
the one-and-twentieth year the two last of the mo- 
lares spring up, and they are called denies sapien- 
tial. Quincy. Taste ; palate. Dryden. A line, 
prong, or blade, of any mullifidous instrument. 1 
Sam. ii. The prominent part of wheels, by which 
f other bodies, 
e's utmost vio- 
lence; with every means of attack or defence. Bale. 
To the teeth. In open opposition. Shak. To cast 
in the teeth. To insult by open exprobration. Hook- 
er. In spite of the teeth. Notwithstanding threats 
expressed by showing teeth ; notwithstanding any 
power of injury or defence. Shak. To sheiv the 
teeth. To threaten. Young. 
To TOOTH, Mth. 306. v.a. To furnish with teeth ; 
lo indent. Dryden. To lock in each other. Moxon. 
TOOTHACHE, tdS^-ake. 355. n.s. [tooth and 

ache.] Pain in the teeth. Shakspeare. 
TO'OTHDRAWER, lo67/i'-draw-ur. n. s. [tooth 
and draw.] One whose business is lo extract pain- - 
ful teeth. Cleareland. 
TO'OTHED, tdo^'t. 359, 467. a. Having teeth. 

Prompt. Parv. Sharp like a tooth. Shakspeare. 
TO'OTHFUL*, t6<W t '-ful. a. [tooth and full.] 

Toothsome. Massinser. 
TOOTHLESS, tdo^-lds. a. [too1ea r , Sax.] 

Wanting teeth ; deprived of teeth. Dryden. 

TO'OTHPICK, l66</i'-plk. ) n. s. [tooth and 

TO'OTHPICKER, too^'-pfk-ur. S pick.] An in 

strument by which the teeth are cleansed from any 

thing sticking between them. Shakspeare. 

TO'OTHSOME, toM'-sum. 165. a. Palatable > 

pleasing to the taste. Carew. 
TOOTHSOMENESS, todtfi'-sum-nSs. n. s. Pleas- 
. antness to the taste. 
TO'OTHWORT, toM'-wort. 165. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
TOOTHY* ibhth'-e. a. Toothed ; having teeth 

Croxall. ie 

TOPS, t6p. n.s. [topp, Welsh; top, Sax.; top r 
Dutch and Danish.] The highest part of any 
thing. Sluikspeare. The surface ; the superficies. 
Bacon. The highest place. Locke. The highest 
person. Shakspeare. The utmost degree. Sprat. 
934 



they catch upon correspondent parts of 
Moxon. — Tooth and nail. W 7 ilh one ; 



TOP 



TOR 



-no, move, nflr, n6t ;— tube, tab. bull ;— 6il ;— pound ; — thin, THi 



The highest rank. Locke. The crown of the head. 
Shakspeare. The hair on the crown of the 
bead ; the forelock. Shafi. The head of a plant. 
Watts. An inverted conoid, which children set to 
turn on the point, continuing' its motion with a whip. 
S'utk. Top is sometimes used as an adjective : 
as. the top stones. Mortimer. 
To TOP, top. p. n. To rise aloft j to be eminent. 
Derfuun. To predominate. Locke. To excel. 
Dryden. 
To TOP, t6p. i\ a. To cover on the top; to tip ; to 
defend or decorate with something extrinsick on 
the upper part. Mi/ton. To rise above. V Estrange. 
To outgo ; to surpass. Sliak. To crop. Evelyn. 
To rise to the top of. Denham. To perform emi- 
nently : as. He tops his part : seldom used but on 
light or ludicrous occasions. 
TOT ARCH $, loV-ark. n.s. [toparque, old Fr. ; 
nines and upx>i, Gr.] The principal man in a place. 
Broom. 
TOTARCf?v. t 6p'-ar-ke. n. s. Command in a small 

district. Sir T. Herbert. 
TO'PAZ, tcjf-paz. n.s. [topase, Fr. ; topazius, low 

Lai.] A yellow gem. Bacon. 
To TOPE ), t6pe. v. ?i. [topff, Germ. ; toppen, Dutch 5 
toper, Fr.] To drink hard; to drink to excess. 
Dryden. 
TO PER, to'-pfir. n. s. A drunkard. Cowleu Eng- 
lished. 
TO'PFUL, top'-ful. a. Full to the top ; full to the 

brim. S'nakspeare. 
TOPGALLANT, tdp-gal'-lant. n.s. [top and gal- 
lant.'] The highest sail. It is proverbially applied 
to any thing elevated, or splendid. Bacon. 
TDPH*tof. I n.s. [tophus, Lat.] A kind 

TO'PHUS*, to'-fus. S of sandstone. Sandys. 
TOPHACEOUS, lo-fa'-shfis. a. [tophus, Lat.] 

Gritty; stony. Arbuthnot. 
TOPHE'AVY, t&p-heV-e. a. [top and heavy.] Hav- 
ing the upper part too weighty for the lower. 
Wotton. 
TO'PHET, t6'-fet. n.s. [.nan Heb.] Hell : a Scrip- 
tural name. Milton. 
TO PIARY* uV-pe-a-re. a. [topianus, Lat.] Shaped 

by cutting or clipping. Butler. 
TOPICAL, l&y-e-kaL a. [trfros,] Relating to some 
general head. Local; confined to some particular 

f)lace. White. Applied medicinally to a particu- 
ar part. Arbuthnot. 
TOPICALLY, t6p'-e-kal-e. ad. With application 

to some particular part. Brown. 
T0'P1CK$, l&p'-ik. 508, 544. n. s. [topique, Fr. ; 

-6-0;. Gr.] Principle of persuasion. Wilkins. A 

general heafl ; something to which other things are 

referred. Watts. Things, as externally applied to 

any particular part. Wiseman. 
TO PKNOT, top'-not. n.s. A knot worn by women 

on the top of the head. V Estrange. 
TO'PLESS, top'-l^s. a. Having no top. Chapman. 

Supreme ; sovereign. Shakspeare. 
TO'PMAN, t&p'-man. 88. n.s. The sawyer at the 

top. Moron. 
TO'PMOST, top'-mist. a. Uppermost; highest. 

Dryden. 
TOPOGRAPHER. t6-pog'-grfif-5r. 518. n.s. [t6- 

iros and ypd(pu).] One who writes descriptions of 

particular places. Howell. 
TOPQGRA PHTCAL*, t6p-6-graf-e-kal. ) a. De~ 
TOPOGRA'PHICK*, t6p-6-graP-Jk. \ scribing 

particular places. Howell. 
TOPO'GRAPHY^ f i6-p6g'-graf-e.518. n.s. [topo- 

grap'iie, Fr.; tokos and ypdtixa, Gr.] Description 

of particular places. Glanville. 
TO'PPING, top'-plng. 410. a. Fine ; noble; gallant : 

a low word. Toiler. 
TOPPINGLY, top'-prng-le. a. Fine; gay; gallant; 

showy. Tusser. Ob. J. 
TO'PP'INGLY,t6p'-pIng-le. ad. Splendidly; nobly: 

a low word. 
To TO'PPLEf, top'-pl. 405. v. n. To fall forward; 

to tumble down. Shakspeare. 
To TOPPLE*, t&p'-pl. v. a. To throw down. Shak. 



TOP-PROUD, lop'-prd&d. a. Proud ill tlie highest 

degree. Shakspeare. 

TO PSA1L. idp'-sale. n.s. The highest sail. Knolles 

TOPSYTURVY, top'-se-tur'-ve. ad. With the bot 
torn upwards. Spenser. 

TOR, tor. n. s. [cop, Sax.] A tower; a turret. Ray. 
A high pointed rock or lull, whence Lor in the initial 
syllable of some local names. Cottcm. 

TORCH 6, torlsh. 352. n. s. [torche, Fr. ; torcia, Ital. ; 
intordum, low Lat.] A wax light generally sup- 
posed to be bigger than a candle. Sidney. 

TO'RCUBEARER, tdrtsh'-ba-r&r. n.s. One whose 
office is to carry a torch. Sidney. 

TO'RCHER, tcvLsh'-ur. ( J8. ?i.s. One that gives light. 
Shakspeare. 

TORCHLIGHT, i6rtsh'-llie. n. s. Light kindled to 
supply the want of the sun. Bacon. 

TO'RCHWORT*, l6rtsh'-wurt. n. s. The name of 
a plant. More. 

TORE, tore, preterit, and sometimes participle pass, 
of tear. Spenser. 

TORE, tore, n. s. [probably from tear.] The dead 
kind of grass that remains on the ground in winter. 
Mortimer. 

To TORME'NT, t6r-ment'. v. a. [tourmenter, Fr.] 
To put to pain ; to harass with anguish ; to excru- 
ciate. Shak. To tease ; to vex with importunity. 
[lormenle, Fr.; tormentare, ltal.] To put into great 
agitation. Bryskett. 
TORMENT $, tcV-mSnt. 492. n. s. [tonrment, Fr.] 
Any thing that gives pain, as disease. St. Matthew. 
Pain ; misery ; anguish'. Milton. Penal anguish ; 
torture. Sandys, [lormentum, Lat.] An engine of 
war to cast stones or darts. Sir T. Elyot. 
TORME'NTER* ; ,, , ., - S 166. n. s. One 
TORMENTOR, J^-m^nt-Qr. J who lormeilts . 

one who gives pain. Sidney. One who inflicts 
penal tortures. Sandys. 

TO'RMENTIL, tor-men'-tll. n. s. [tormentille, Fr.; 
tormenlilla, Lat.] A plant. Miller. 

TORN, t6m. part. pass, of tear. Exod. xxii. 

TORNA'DO, tdr-na'-dd. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 
[Span.] A hurricane ; a whirlwind. Garth. 

TORPE'DO, t6r-pe'-do. [See Drama, Flame*, 
and Phalanx.] n. s. [Lat.] A fish which, while 
alive, if even touched with a long stick, benumbs 
the hand that so touches it, but when dead is eaten 
safely. Sir T. Herbert. 

TO'RPENT, tSr'-pgnt. a. [torpens, Lat.] Benumbed; 
struck motionless; not active; incapable of motion. 
More. 

TORPE'SCENT*, tflr-peV-sent. a. [torpescens, Lat.] 
Becoming torpid. Shenstone. 

TORPID §, tor'-pld. a. [torpidus, Lat.] Numbed ; 
motionless ; sluggish ; not active. Ray. 

TORPI'DITY*. t6r-p?d'-e-te. n. s. Torpor; state of 
being torpid. Dairies Barrington. 

TO'RPIDNESS, t5r'-pld-neVn. s. The state of be- 
ing torpid. Hale. 

TO'RPITUDE, tOr'-pe-tude. n. s. State of being 
motionless; numbness: sluggishness. Derham. 

TORPOR, t6r'-p6r. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Dulness; 
numbness ; inability to move ; dulness of sensa- 
tion. Bacon,. 

TORREFA'CTION, tor-re-fak'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; 
torrefacio, Lat.] The act of drying by the fire. Bp. 

To TORREFY, tcV-re-fl. 183. v. a. [longer, Fr.; 
torrefacio, Lat.] To dry bv the fire. Brown. 

TO'RRENT $, tor'-rent. n.s.'[Fr.; ton-ens, Lat.] A 
sudden stream raised by showers. Sandys. A vio- 
lent and rapid stream; tumultuous current. Fa- 
leigh. 

TO'RRENT, tor'-rSnt. a. [torrens, Lat.] Rolling in 
a rapid stream. Milton. 

TORRID, tor'-r?d. 168. a. [torride, Fr.; iorndits, 
Lat.] Parched ; dried with heat. Harvey. Burning; 
violently hot. Milton. It is particularly applied to 
the regions or zone between the tropicks. Dryden. 

TORSE, tors. n. s. A wreath. 

TO'RSEL, tdr'-sll. 99. n.s. [torse. Fr.] Any thing in 
a twisted form. Moxon. 
935 



TOT 



TOU 



(LT 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— 



TORSION, tor'-shun. n.s. [torsio, Lat.] The act 
of turning or twisting. 

TORT, idri. n. s. [Fr.: tortum, low Lat.] Mischief; 
injury ; calamity. Spenser. 

TORTILE, tfir'-lil. 140. a. [tortilis, Lat.] Twisted 5 
wreathed. 

TO'RTION, tor'-shun. n. s. [tortus, Lat.] Torment ; 
pain. Bacon. 

TORTIOUS, tSr'-shfis. a. Injurious; doing wrong. 
Spenser. 

TO'RTIVE, l6V-t?v. 158. a. [tonus, Lat.] Twisted; 
wreathed. Sliakspeare. 

TORTOISE, tor'-t?z. 301. [ or'-tls, Jones, Fulton 
and Kniglit.] n. s. [tortue, Fr.] An animal covered 
with a hard shell : there are tortoises both of land 
and water. Ray. A form into which the ancient 
soldiers used to throw their troops, by bending down 
and holding their bucklers above their heads so that 
no darts could hurt them. Dryden. 

TORTUO'SIT Y, tSr-tshu-6s'-e-te. n.s. Wreath ; flex- 
ure. Brown. Crookedness ; depravity. Granger. 

TORTUOUS Mor'-tshu-us. 463. a. [tortueux, Fr. ; 
from tortuosus, tortus, Lat.] Twisted 5 wreathed ; 
winding. Milton. Mischievous. Lodge. 

TO'RTURES, tor'-lshure. 461. n.s. [Fr. ; tortura, 
Lat.] Torments judicially inflicted; pain by which 

fuilt is punished, or confession extorted. Dryden. 
ain; anguish; pang. Sliakspeare. 
To TORTURE, t&r'-tshure. v. a. To punish with 
tortures. Skak. To vex ; to excruciate ; to tor- 
ment. Addison. To keep on the stretch. Bacon. 
TORTURER, t&r'-tslvVur. 557. n. s. He who tor- 
tures; tormenter. Bacon. 
TO'RTURINGLY*, tcV-tshur-lng-le. ad. So as to 

torment or punish. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
TORTUROUS*, tor'-tshur-tis. a. Tormenting; oc- 
casioning torture. More. 
TORV1TY, t6r'-ve-te. n.s. [torvitas, Lat.] Sour- 
ness; severity of countenance. Cockeram. Ob. J. 
TORVOUS, tSr'-vfis. 314. a. [torvus, Lat.] Sour 
of aspect ; stern ; severe of countenance. Derlmm. 
Ob. J. 
TO'RYS, to'-re. n. s. [a cant term, derived from an 
Irish word signifying a savage or robber.] One 
who adheres to the ancient constitution of the slate, 
and the apostolical hierarchy of the church of Eng- 
land : opposed to a whig. Addison. 
TORYISM*, t&'-re-lzm. n. s. The notions of a tory. 

Bolingbroke. 
To TOSE, t6ze. v. n. [of the same original with 

tease.] To comb wool. 
To TOSS $, t&s. v. a. [tassen. Dutch ; tasser, Fr.] 
Pret. tossed or tost ; part. pass, tossed or tost. To 
throw with the hand, as a ball at play. Dryden. 
To throw with violence. Shak. To lift with a 
sudden and violent motion. Dryden. To agitate; 
to put into violent motion. Prov. xxi. To make 
restless ; to disquiet. Spenser. To keep in play : 
to tumble over. Ascham. 
7'oTOSS, t&s. v. n. To fling; to winch; to be in 
violent commotion. Harrey. ■ To be tossed. Shak. 
— To toss up. To throw a coin into the air, and 
wager on what side it shall fall. Bramslon. 
TOSS, t&s. n. s. The act of tossing. Addison. An 

affected manner of raising the head. Dryden. 
TOSSEL. n. s. See Tassel. Mortimer. 
TO'SSER, l&s'-sur. 98. n.s. One who throws ; one 
who flings and writhes. Whoever or whatever 
agitates. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
TO'SSING*, tos'-snig. n. s. Violent commotion. 

Job, vii. 
TO SSPOT, tos'-p&t. n. s. [toss and pot.] A toper 

and drunkard. Sliakspeare. 
TOST, i&st. 360, 367. pret. and part. pass, of toss. 

Milton. 
TO'TAL §, t&'-tal. 88. a. [totus, Lat. ; total, Fr.] 
Whole ; complete ; full. Milton. Whole ; not di- 
vided. Milton. 
TOTA'LITY, t&-tal'-e-te. n. s. [fotalUe, Fr.] Com- 
plete sum ; whole quantity. Bacon. 
TOTALLY, t&'-tal-e. ad. Wholly; fully; complete 
lv. 



TOTALNESS*, t&'-tal-ngs. n. s. Entireness. 

To TOTE*. See To Toot. 

T'OTHER, tuTH'-fir. Contracted for tlieother. Far- 

naby. 

To TOTTER§, t&t'-tfir. 98. v.n. [louieren, Teut. ; 

tittra, IcelJ To shake so as to threaten a fall ; to 

stagger. Ps. lxii. 

TOTTERY, tot'-tur-e. ) a. Shaking ; unsteady : 

TOTTY, tot'-te. \ diz zy- Spenser. Low 

words. 
To TOUCH Mulsh. 314. v. a. [toucher, Fr. ; from the 
M. Goth, iekanjt To perceive by the sense of feel- 
ing. Creech. To handle slightly, without effort or 
violence. Brown. To reach with any thing, so as 
that there be no space between the thing reached 
and the thing brought to it. Judg. xvi. To come 
to ; to attain. Pope. To try, as gold with a stone. 
Shak. To relate to. Hooker. To meddle with; 
not totally to forbear. Spenser. To affect. Milton. 
To move; to strike mentally; to melt. Congrere. 
To delineate or mark out. Pope. To censure; 
to animadvert upon. Hayward. To infect ; to 
seize slightly. Bacon. To bite; to wear; to have 
an effect on. Moxon. To strike a musical instru- 
ment. Milton. To influence by impulse ; to impel 
forcibly. Milton. To treat of perfunctorily. Mil- 
ton. — To touch up. To repair, or improve by slight 
strokes, or little emendations. Addison. 
To TOUCH, tutsh. v. n. To be in a state ofjunction 
so that no space is between them. To fasten on ; 
to take effect on. Bacon. — To touch at. To come 
to without stay. Acts, xxvii. To touch on. To 
mention slightly. Locke. To touch on or upon. 
To go for a very short time. Abbot. To light upon 
in mental inquiries. Addison. 
TOUCH, tutsh. n. s. Reach of any thing so that there 
is no space between the things reaching and reached. 
Milton. The sense of feeling. Shak. The act of 
touching. Sidney. State of being touched. Shak. 
Examination, as" by a stone. A common kind of 
black marble, frequently made use of in ornaments, 
was formerly called touch. From its solidity and 
firmness it. was also used as the test of gold ; and 
from this use of it the name itself was taken. Shak. 
Test ; that by which any thing is examined. Ca- 
rew. Proof; tried qualities. Shak. [touclie, Fr.] 
Single act of a pencil upon the picture. Shak. 
Feature; lineament. Dnjden. Act of the hand 
upon a musical instrument. Shak. Power of ex- 
citing the affections. Shak. Something of passion 
or affection. Hooker. Particular relation. Bacon, 
[touclie, Fr.] A stroke. Addison. Animadversion; 
censure. Milton. Exact performance of agree- 
ment. Tusser. A small quantity intermingled. 
Holder. A hint ; slight notice given. Bacon. A 
cant word for a slight essay. Swift. 
TO'UCHABLE, tutsh'-a-bl. 405. a. Tangible; that 

may be touched. 
TOUCH-HOLE, t&lsh'-h&le. n.s. The hole through 
which the fire is conveyed to the powder in the 
gun. Bacon. 
TOUCHINESS, tutsh / -e-nes. n. s. Peevishness; 

irascibility. King Charles. 
TOUCHING. t&tsh'-Ing. 410. prep, [originally a 
participle of touch.] With respect, regard, or rela 
tion to. Hooker. 
TORCHING, tutsh'-lng. a. Pathetick ; affecting; 

TOUcfi'lNGLY, t&tsh'-lng-le. ad. With feeling 

emotion ; in a pathetick manner. Garth. 
TOUCHMENOT, tfitsh'-me-not. n. 5. An herb. 

Ainsivorih. 
TOUCHSTONE. t&tsh / -st6ne. n. s. [pierre de touclie, 

Fr.] Stone by which metals are examined. Bacon. 

Any test or criterion. Hooker. 
TO'UCHWOOD, tntsh'-wiid. n. s. Rotten wood used 

to catch the fire struck from the flint. Howell. 
TO'UCHY, tutsh'-e. a. Peevish ; irritable ; irascible; 

apt to take fire. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
TOUGHS tuf. 314, 391. a. [coh, Sax.] Yielding to 

flexure or extension without fracture: not brittle. 

Bacon. Stiff; not easily flexible. Dryden. Not 



TOW 



TOW 



— n<S. move, nor, not ;— tubo, tub, bull 5 — oil ;— pound ;—r7iin, thjs. 



easily injured or broken. Shak. Viscous; clam- 
my ;' ropy ; tenacious. Difficult : this is an ancient 
usage of "the word, and is *till a colloquial one : as, 
a tough piece of business. Chaucer. 

To TOUGHEN, tuP-fn. 103. v. n. To grow tougii. 
Mortimer. 

To TO'UGHEN, tof-fn. v. a. To make tough. 
TOUGHNESS, tftf-nes. n. s. [cohnerr*i Sax.] 
Not brittleness ; flexibility. Bacon. Viscosity; te-l 
nacity ; clamminess ; ghitinousness. Arbuthnol. 
Firmness against injury. Shaksjx-are. 

TOUPE'E*,M-pte'. > [tort-pee'. Sheridan, 

TOUPE'T, trtrt-peY. 315. S Perry, Jones, Fid- 
Ion and Knight.) n. s. [toupet, Fr.] A kind of fore- j 
top; natural or artificial hair particularly dressed 
on i lie forehead. Swift. 

TOUR J. t66r. 315. n.s. [Fr.] Ramble; roving jour- 
ney. Addison. Turn; revolution. Blackmore. Turn; 
cast; manner. Bentley. 

g£S" My experience fails me if this word is not slowly con- 
forming to the true English sound of the vowels heard I 
in thou. The smart traveller to France and Italy would ! 
fear we should never suppose he had heen out of Eng- J 
land, were he not to pronounce it so as to rhyme with I 
poor ; and the sober English critick sees infinite advan- j 
tage in this pronunciation, as it prevents our mistaking I 
taking a tour for taking a tower. But, plausible as this j 
latter reason may be. it is far from being sufficient to 
induce a philosophical grammarian to approve it. Co- 
incidence in the sound of words signifying different j 
things, is the case in all languages; but, while these 
words are differently written, their different meanings j 
will be sufficiently preserved without departing from j 
the general analogy of pronunciation. — See the word j 
Bowl. W. 

TO URIST* toor'-ist. n.% One who makes a tour 
or ramble. 

TOURN*. n. s. The sheriff's turn, or court. Burke. 
A spinning-wheel. Grose. 

TO'URNAMENT, tSorMia-ment, or uV-na-ment. ) 

TOURNEY, todrMie, or tiV-ne. > 

n. s. [tournamentum, low Lat.] Tilt ; just ; military 
sport; mock encounter. Daniel. Encounter; shock 
of battle. Milton. 

J£5" I am much mistaken if general usage does not in- 
cline to the short sound of the diphthong in these words ; 
and that this sound ought to be indulged, is palpable to 
every English ear ; which finds a repugnance at giving 
the French sound to any word that is not newly adopt- 
ed. Journey, nourish, courage, and many other words 
from the French, have long been anglicised ; and there i 
is no good reason that this word should not fall into the ' 
same class. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and 
Mr. Perry, give the first sound of this word, and Bu- 
chanan "and W. Johnston, the second. Junius and 
Skinner spell the word turnament. W. 
To TOURNEY, todr'-ne, or tiir'-ne. v. n. To tilt in 

the lists. Spenser. 
TO' URXIQUET, t&r'-ne-kwet. n.s. [Fr.] A ban- 
dage used in amputations, straitened or relaxed by 
the turn of a handle. Sharp. 
{0° The general pronunciation of this word ought to in- 
duce us to the second pronunciation of tournament. W. 
To TOUSE $, tS&ze. 313. v. a. [probably of the same 
original with taw, tease, lose.] To pull ; to tear; to 
haul ; to drag : whence Louser or towzer, the name of 
a mastiff. Goicer. To disorder the hair. Shencood.\ 
To TOUSE*, touze. v. n. To tear ; to rave. Dray- j 

ton. 
ToTO'USLE*, tSu'-zl. v. a. The diminutive of 

touse : a low expression. 
TOW, t6. n. s. [top, Sax.] Flax or hemp beaten and 

combed into a filamentous substance. Sliarp. 

To TOW§, to. v. a. [teon, fceohan, Sax. ; toglien, 

old Dutch.] To draw by a rope, particularly through 

the water. Shakspeare. 

TO'WAGE*, uV-ldje. n. s. [tottage, Fr.] The act of 

towing. Cotgrave. Money paid for towing. Bailey. 

TO'WLINE*, to'-llne. n. s. [coh-line, Sax.] The 

rope or chain used in towing. 

TOWARD, uV-cird. 324. ) prep. [topapb, fco- 

TOWA'RDS, uV-urdz. \ papber, Sax.] In a 

direction to. Numb. xxiv. With local tendency 

to. Milton. Near to : as, The danger now comes 

118 



towards him. With respect to ; touching; regard' 
ing. Sidney. With ideal tendency to. Clarendon. 
Nearly ; little less than. Swift. This word used 
sometimes to have its- two syllables separated from 
each other, and the noun governed put between 
them ; as, our condition to'God ward. Whole Duty 
of Man. 
5CT Notwithstanding our poets almost universally ac- 
cent this word on the first syllable, and the poets aro 
pretty generally followed by good speakers, there are 
some, and those not of the lowest order, who still place 
the accent on the second. These should be reminded 
that, as inwards, outwards, backwards, forwards, and 
every other word of the same form, have the accent on 
the first syllable, there is not the least reason for pro- 
nouncing towards with the accent on the last. All our 
orthoepists place the accent on the first syllable of 
toieard when an adjective. Towards, being always a 
preposition, has the accent on the first syllable by Mr. 
Scott ; but Mr. Perry, Barclay, and Fenning, place it on 
the second. From the coalescence of the o with the w, 
this word is pronounced generally in one syllable, though 
Dr. Kenrick says otherwise ; Mr. Sheridan so pronoun- 
ces it ; Mr. Nares and Mr. Smith rhyme it with boards ; 
Bailey accents the first syllable of toward, and Entick 
the same syllable on the same word, and on towards as 
a preposition. W. 
TO' WARD. t6'-5rd. )ad. Near; at hand; in a 
TOWARDS, trt'-urdz. \ state of preparation. Shak. 
TOWARD, tA'-wurd. 88. a. Ready to do or learn; 

not froward. Shakspeare. 
TO'WARDLINESS, uV-wttrd-le-nes. n. s. Docility ; 
compliance; readiness to do or to learn. Raleigh. 
TOWARDLY, trt'-wfird-le. a. Ready to do or learn ; 

docile; compliant with duty. Bacon. 
TO'WARDNESS, trt'-w&rd-nSs. n. s. Docility. 

South. 
TOWEL, tfl&'-ll. 99, 323. n. s. [touaille, Fr.] A cloth 

on which the hands are wiped. Drayton. 
TO'WER§, td&'-ur. 99, 323. n. s. [cop, Sax.; tour, 
Fr. ; torre, Ital. ; turris, Lat.] A high building ; a 
building raised above the main edifice. Gen. xi. 
A fortress; a citadel. Psalms. A high head-dress. 
Hudibras. High flight ; elevation. 
ToTO'WER.tou'-fir. 98. v.n. To soar; to fly or 

rise high. Spenser. 
TO'WERED, tSu'-flr'd. 359. a. Adorned or defend 

ed by towers. Milton. 
TO'WERMUSTARD, tou'-fir-mSs-tard. n. s. [tur 

ritis, Lat.] A plant. Miller. 
TO'WERY, t6u'-ur-e. a. Adorned or guarded with 

towers. Pope. 
TOWN $ , t6un. 323. n. s. [tun, Sax. ; tuyn, Dut.] Any 
walled collection of houses. Jos. ii. Any collection 
of houses larger than a village. St. Matt. x. [In 
England.] Any number of houses to which belongs 
a regular market, and which is not a city or the 
see of a bishop. The inhabitants of a town. Chap- 
man. The court end of London. Pope. The peo- 
ple who live in the capital. Pope. It is used by 
the inhabitants of every town or city : as we say, 
A new family is come lo town. Law. It is used 
emphatically for the capital : as, He lives six 
months in town, and six in the country. 
TOWN-CLERK, tdun'-klark. 100. n. s. An officer 
who manages the publick business of a place. Acts, 

TOWN CRIER*, t&fV-krl-ur. n.s. [town and crier.] 
An officer in a town, whose business is to make 
proclamations. Shakspeare. 

TOWNHOUSE, t6un'-h6use. n. s. The hali where 
publick business is transacted. Addison. A house, 
in opposition to a house in the country, where a 
person has both. 

TOWNISH*, tdun'-?sh. a. Appertaining to those 
who live in a town. Turbervile. 

TOWNLESS* t6un'-les. a. Without towns; de- 
prived of towns. Howell. 

TOWNSHD?, tdun'-shfp. n. s. The corporation of 
a town ; the district belonging to a town. Shak. 

TOWNSMAN, tS&nz'-man. 88. n. s. An inhabitant 
of a place. Shakspeare. One of the same town. 

TOWNTA'LK, t6un'-tawk. n. s. Common prattl« 
of a place. V Estrange. 

937 








TRA TRA 


U" 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— 



TO'WNTOP*, tdun'-t&p. n. s. A large top: a term 

among boys. Fletcher. 
TOXICAL, t&ks'-e-kal. a. [toxicum, Lat.] Poison- 
ous; containing poison. 
TOYS, tde. 329. n. s. [touen, tooglien, Dutch.] A 
petty commodity 5 a trifle ; a thing of no value. 
Sidney. A play-thing; a bauble. Spenser. Mat- 
ter of no importance, Shak. Folly; trifling prac- 
tice; silly opinion. Hooker. Play; sport; amo- 
rous dalliance. Spense]\ Odd story; silly tale. Shak. 
Slight representation. Hooker. Wild fancy; ir- 
regular imagery; odd conceit. ShaJcspeare. 
To TOY, t6e. v. n. To trifle ; to dally amorously ; 

to play. Shakspeare. 
To TOY*, tde. n. a. To treat foolishly. Dering. 
TO YER*, tde'-fir. n. s. One who toys ; one who is 

full of tricks. Harrison. 
TOYFUL*, tde'-ful. a. Full of tricks. Donne. 
TOYISH, tde'-fsh. a. Trifling; wanton. Crow- 
ley. 
TO'YISHNESS, tde'-lsh-nes. n.s. Nugacity ; wan- 
tonness. Glanville. 
TO'YMAN, tde'-man. n.s. A seller of toys. Young. 
TO'YSHOP, tde'-shdp. n.s. A shop where play- 
things and little, nice manufactures are sold. Ad- 
dison. 
To TOZE, tdze. v.a. See To Tousk and Tease. 

To pull by violence or importunity. Shakspeare. 
TRACER, trase. n.s. [t race, , Fr. ; traccia, Italian.] 
Mark left by any thing passing ; footsteps. Milton. 
Remain ; appearance of what has been. Temple. 
Track; path. Chaucer, [iirasser, Fr. ; tirasses, 
traces.] Harness tor beasts of draught. Shak. 
To TRACE, trase. v. a. [tracer, Fr. ftracciare, Ital.] 
To follow by the footsteps, or remaining marks. 
Milton. To follow with exactness. Denham. To 
mark out. Locke. To walk over. Sjienser. 
To TRACE*, trase. ei n. To walk ; to travel. 

Spenser. 
TRA'CEABLE* tra'-sa-bl. a. That may be traced. 

Drummond. 
TRA'CER, tra^sur. 98. n. s. One that traces. Hake- 
will. 
TRA/CERY*, tra'-sur-e. n. s. Ornamental stone 

work. Warton. 
TRA'CING*, tra'-s?ng. n. s. Course ; path ; regu- 
lar track. Sir J. Davies. 
TRACK §, Irak. n. s. [trac, old Fr. ; traccia, Ital. ; 
taracq, Arab. ; drach, Heb.] Mark left upon the 
way by the foot or otherwise. Milton. A road; 
a beaten path. Milton. 
To TRACK, trak. v. a. To follow by the footsteps or 

marks left in the way. Spenser. 
TRA'CKLESS, trak'-les. a. Untrodden ; marked 

with no footsteps. Prior. 
TRA'CKSCOUT*. trak'-skdut. n. s. [trek-schuyl, 
Dutch.] A passage boat, in Holland, usually tow- 
ed or drawn b}' a horse. Addison. 
TRACT $, trakt. n.s. [tractus, Lat.] Any kind of 
extended substance. Milton. A region; a quanti- 
ty of land. Raleigh. Continuity ; any thing pro- 
tracted, or drawn out to length. Howell. Course ; 
manner of process. Shak. It seems to be used by 
Shakspeare for track, [tractaius, Lat.] A treatise ; 
a small book. Swift. 
To TRACT*, trakt. v. a. To trace out. Spenser. 
Oh. T. An ancient abbreviation of retract and 
protract. Huloet. 
TRACTABILITY* trak-ta-bll'-e-te. n, s. [tracta- 

bilite, old Fr.l Capability of being managed. 
TRA'CTABLES, trak'-ta-bl. 405. a. [troctabilh, 
Lat.; traitable, Fr.] Manageable; docile; com- 
pliant; obsequious; practicable; governable. 
Hooker. Palpable ; such as may be handled. 
Holder. 
TRA'CTABLENESS, trak'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. The 
state of being tractable; compliance; obsequious- 
ness. Locke. 
TRA'CTABLY, trak'-la-ble. ad. In a tractable man- 
ner; gently. 
TRA'CTATE, trak'-tate. 91. n.s. [tractatus, Lat.] 
A treatise; a tract; a small book. White. 



TRACTA'TION*,. trak-ta'-shfin. n. s. [tractatio. 

Lat.] Discussion of a subject. Bp. Hall 
TRA'CTILE $, trak'-tll. 140. a. [tractus, Lat.] Ca- 
pable to be drawn out or extended in length ; duc- 
tile. Bacon.. 
TRACTFLITY, trak-i?l'-e-te. n. s. The quality of 

being tractile. Derham. 
TRA CTION, trak'-sh&n. n. s. The act of drawing 

the state of being drawn. Holder. 
TRADES, trade. 73. n.s. [tratta, Ital.] Traffick; 
commerce; exchange of goods for other goods, or 
for money. Raleigh. Occupation ; particular em 
ployment, whether manual or mercantile, distin 
guished from the liberal arts or learned profes 
sions. Spenser. Instruments of any occupation. 
Dryden. Any employment not manual ; habit 
ual exercise. Bacon. Custom; habit; standing 
practice. Shak. Formerly trade was used of-do- 
mestick, and traffick of foreign commerce. 
To TRADE, trade, v. n. To traffick; to deal ;' to 
hold commerce. St. Luke, xix. To act merely for 
money. Shak. Having a trading wind. Milton. 
To TRADE, trade, v.a. To sell or exchange in 

commerce. Ezek. xxvii. 
TRADE-WIND, trade'-w?nd. [See Wind.] n. s. 
The monsoon; the periodical wind between the 
tropicks. Dryden. 
TRA'DED, tri/-deU a. Versed ; practised. Shak 

spearc. 
TRA'DEFUL, trade'-ful. a. Commercial; busy in 

traffick. Speyiser. 
TRA'DER, tra'-dflr. 98. n. s. One engaged in mer- 
chandise or commerce. Shak. One long used in 
the methods of money-getting; a practitioner. 
TRA/DESFOLK, tradz'-foke. [See Folk.] n. s. 
[trade and folk.] People employed in trades 
Swift. 
TRADESMAN, tradz'-man. 88. n. 5. A shopkeep- 
er : a merchant is called a trader, but not a trades- 
Tiian. Sliakspeare. 
TRADITIONS, tra-dlsh'-fin. n.s. [Fr. ; tradiiio, 
Lat.] The act or practice of delivering account.' 
from mouth to mouth without written memorials : 
communication from age to age. Hooker. Any 
thing delivered orally from age to age. Milton. 
Traditional practice; old custom. Shak. The act 
of giving up ; delivery : a latinism. Blacksione. 
TRADFTIONAL, tra-dfsh'-un-al. a. Delivered by 
tradition; descending by oral communication": 
transmitted by the foregoing to the following age. 
Tillotson. Observant of traditions or idle rites. 
Shakspeai-e. 
TRADITIONALLY, Ira-dJsh'-un-al-e. ad. By 
transmission from age to age. Burnet. From tra- 
dition, without evidence of written memoru " 
Brown. 

TRA DICTIONARY, tra-d?sh'-fln-ar-e. a. Delivered 
by tradition ; transmissive ; handed down from age 
to age. Dryden. 



TRADI'TIONER*, tra-d?sh'-un-fir. ) n. s. One who 

TRADFTIONIST*, tra-dlsh'-fin-lst. $ adheres to 
tradition. Gregory. 

TRA'DITIVE, trad'-e-t?v. 512. a. [traditive, Fr. ; 
iromtrado, Lat.] Transmitted or transmissible from 
age to age. Bp. Taylor. 

ToTRADU'CES, tra-duse'. v.a. [traduco, Lat.; 
traduire, Fr.] To censure ; to condemn ; to repre- 
sent as blamable ; to calumniate ; to decry. 
Hooker. To propagate ; to increase or continue 
by deriving one from another. Davies. 

TRADU'CEMENT, tra-duse'-ment. n. s. Censure; 



obloquy. Shakspeare. 
RADU'CER 



TRADU'CER, tra-du'-sfir. 98. n.s. A false censur - 
er ; a calumniator. Biblioth. Bibl. One who de- 
rives. 

TRADU'CIBLE, tra-du'-se-bl. 405. a. Such as may 
be derived. Hale. 

ToTRADU'CT*, tra-dfikt'. v.a. [traduco, traduc 
turn, Lat.] To derive. Fotherlry. Ob. T. 

TRADUCTION, tra-duk'-sh&n. n, s. [traductir 
Lat.] Dei ivation from one of the same kind ; pre 
pagation. Glanville. Tradition ; transmission from 
938 



TRA 



TRA 



-116, m5ve, ndr, not ;— tube, tflb, boll ; — 611 ;— pound ;— thin, thjs. 



one to anolher. Hale. Conveyance ; act of trans- 
ferring-, hale. Transition. Bacon. 

TRADu'CTIVE*, tra-dftk'-tiv. a. Derivable 5 de- 
dncible. Warbiirton. 

TRA Ft ICK y, trni'-ffk. n. s. [trafique, Fr. ; traffico, 
Ital.] Commerce ; merchandising ; large trade ; 
exchange of commodities. Trajick was formerly 
used ot foreign commerce, in distinction from trade, 
Shak. Commodities; subject of traffick. Gay. 
To TRA'FFICK. traP-flk. v. n. [Irajiqiier, Fr. ; 
trajicare, Ital.] To practise commerce; to mer- 
chandise; to exchange commodities. Bacon. To 
trade meanly or mercenarily. Shakspeare. 
To TRAFFICK*, traf-fik. r,a. To exchange in 
traffick. Government of the Tongue. 

TRA'FFIOKABLE*, traf-flk-a-bi. a. Marketable. 
Bp. Hall. 

TRAFFICKER, traf-fik-kur. n. s. [trafqueur, 
Fr.] Trader ; merchant. Sluiksj)eare. 

TRA'GACANTH, trag'-a-kantfi. n. s. [tragacardha, 
Lai.] A gum which proceeds from the incision of 
the root or trunk of a plant so called. Trevoux. 

TRACE DIAN, tra-je'-de-an. n.s. [tregoedus, Lat.] 
A writer of tragedy. Stilling Jleet. An actor of 
tragedy. Slui/cspeare. 

$5" In this word we have a striking instance of the aver- 
sion of the language to what may he called a tau- 
tophony, or a successive repetition of the san;e sound. 
We find no repugnance at aspirating the d in comedi- 
an, and pronouncing it as if written co-me-je-an ; but 
there is no ear tnat would not be hurt at pronouncing 
tragedian as if written tra-je-je-an. The reason is evi- 
dent. The ge that immediately precedes being exactly 
the same sound as di when aspirated into je, the ear 
will not suffer the repetition, and therefore dispenses 
with the laws of aspiration, rather than offend against 
those of harmony. To the same reason we must at- 
tribute giving the sound of iA to the double 5 in abscis- 
sion, and to the ti in transition. The same aversion to 
the repetition of similar sounds makes us drop the first 
aspiration in diphthong, triphthong, ophthalmy, &c. — 
See Ophthalmick. W. 

TRA'GEDY §, trad'-je-de. n. s. [tragozdia, Lat.] A 
dramatick representation of a serious action. Stiak. 
Any mournful or dreadful event. Shakspeare. 

TRA'GICAL, trad'-je-kal. ? 509. a. [tropicus, Lat.; 

TRA G1CK, trad'-jik. $ tragique, Fr.] Re- 
lating to tragedy. Spenser. Mournful ; calamitous ; j 
sorrowful; dreadful. Shakspeare. 

TRAGICALLY, trad'-je-kal-e. ad. In a tragical ( 
manner ; in a manner befitting tragedy. Dry den. j 
Mournfully ; sorrowfully ; calamitously. South. 

TRA'GICAL.NESS, trad'-je-kal-nes. n.s. Mourn- 
fulness; calamitousness. Decay qfChr. Piety. 

TRAGICOMEDY, trad-je-kom 7 -e-de. n. s. [tragi- j 
comedie, Fr. ; from tragedy and comedy.] A drama j 
compounded of merrv and serious events. Denham. ,' 

TRAGICOMICAL, trad-je-k6m / -e-kal. a. Relating 
to tragi-comedy. Gay. Consisting of a mixture 
of mirth with sorrow. 

TRAGICO'MICALLY, trad-je-krW-e-kal-e. ad. In 
a tragi-comical manner. Bramston. 

To TRAIL §, trale. 202. v. a. [trailler, Fr.] To hunt 
by the track. To draw along the ground. Shak. 
To draw a long, floating or waving body. Pope, 
[treglen, Dutch.] To draw; to drag. Milton. 

To TRAIL, trale. v. n. To be drawn out in length. 
Spenser. 

TRAIL, trale. n. s. Scent left on the ground by the 
animal pursued ; track followed by the hunter. 
Shak. Any thing drawn to length. Dry den. Any 
thing drawn behind in long undulations. Spenser. J 

To TRAINS, trine. 202. v. a. [trainer, Fr.] To 
draw along. Milion. To draw ; to entice ; to in- 
vite ; to allure. Anderson. To draw by artifice or 
stratagem. Shak. To draw from act to act by 
persuasion or promise. Shak. To educate; to 
bring up. Shak. To exercise, or form to any prac- ! 
tice hy exercise. Gen. xiv. 

TRAIN , trine, n. s. [train, FrJ Artifice; strata- j 
gem of enticement. Spenser. The tail of a bird. ; 
Bacon. The part of a gown that falls behind upon ' 
the ground. Slutk. A series ; a consecution : | 



cither local or mental. Milton. Process; method; 
state of procedure. Swift. A retinue; a number 
of followers or attendants. Shak. An orderly com- 

()any ; a procession. Milton. The line of powder 
ending .to the mine. Hudibras. — Train oj artille- 
ry. Cannons accompanying an army. Clarendon. 
TRAINABLE*, tri'-na-bl. a. That may be train- 
ed. Old Morality of Lusty Juventus. 
TRAINBA'NDS, trine'-bandz. n. s. [probably for 
trained band.'] The militia ; the part of a communi- 
ty trained to martial exercise. Clarendon. 
TRA 1NBEARER, trine'-birc-ar. n. s. One that 

holds up a train. 
TRA'INED*, trind. a. Having a train. B. Jonson. 
TRA'INER*, tra'-nur. n. s. One who trains up ; an 

instructer. Ash. 
TRAINING*, tra'-n'mg. n. s: The act of forming to 

any exercise by practice. Sanderson 
TRAINO'IL, trane'-6ll. n.s. [train and oil.] Oil 

drawn by coction from the fat of the whale. 
TRAIN Y, tra'-ne. a. Belonging to trainoil. Gay. 
To TRAIPSE, tripes. £02. v. n. [a low word.] To 

walk in a careless or sluttish manner. Pope. 
TRaIT, tri, or trite. 472. n. s. [Fr.] A stroke; a 

touch. Broome. 
TRA'ITOR y, ira'-lfir. 166, 202. n. s. [traitre, Fr. 3 
traditor. Lat.] One who, being trusted, betrays. 
Spenser. 
TRA'ITOR*, tri'-tfir. a. Traitorous. Johnson. 
TRA'ITORLY, tri'-tur-le. a. Treacherous ; perfid- 
ious. Shakspeare. 
TRAITOROUS, tri'-tfir-fis. 314. a. Treacherous , 

perfidious; faithless. Daniel. 
TRAITOROUSLY, tri'-tfir-fis-le. ad. In a manner 
suiting traitors ; perfidiously ; treacherously. Shak. 
TRATTOROUSNESS*, tri'-tur-Gs-nes. n. s. Per- 

fidiousness ; treachery. Scott. 
TRAITRESS, triMres. n. s. A woman who be- 
trays. Dry den. 
To TRAJE'CT y, tra-jekl'. v. a. [trajectus, Lat.] To 

cast through; to throw. Gkmville. 
TRA'JECT, trad'-jekt. 492. n. s. [trajet, Fr. ; tra 
jectus, Lat.l A ferry; a passage for a water-car 
Viage. Shakspeare. 
TRAJE'CTION, tra-jek'-shun. n. s. [trajectio, Lat.] 
The act of darling through. Boyle. Emission. 
Brown. Transposition. Mede. 
TRAJECTORY*, tra-jek'-tfir-e. n. s. The orbit o*" 

a comet. Harris. 
TRALA'TION v* tra-li'-shim. n. s. [tralatio, Lat.] 
The using of a word in a less proper but more 
significant notion. Bp. Hall. 
TRALATI'TIOUS, tral-a-tfsh'-fis. a. [tralatilins, 

Lat.l Metaphorical ; not literal. Stackhouse. 
TRALATI'TIOUSLY, tral-a-tish'-os-le. ad. Meta- 
phorically; not literally ; not according to the first 
intention of the word. Holder. 
To TRALI'NEATE, tra-lfn'-yate. 113. v. n. To 

deviate from any direction. Dryden. 
TRALU'CENT*, tra-hV-sent. a. [tralucens, Lat.] 

Clear ; translucent. Sir J. Davies. 
TRA'MMELy, tram'-mel. 99. n.s. [tramel, old Fr.; 
trama, Lat.] A net in which birds or fish are 
caught. Curew. Any kind of net. Spenser. A kind 
of shackles in which horses are taught to pace. 
Dryden. 
To TRA'MMEL, tram'-mel. v. a. To catch ; to in 

tercept. Shakspeare. 
TRAMONTANE*, tra-mon'-line. n. s. [tramontani 
llal.] A foreigner; a stranger; a barbarian. The 
Italians gave this name, by way of contempt, to 
all who lived beyond the Alps. Sheldon. 
TRAMONTANE* tra-m6n'-line. a. Strange : for- 
eign ; barbarous. Toiler. 
To TRAMP y* tramp, v. a. [trampa, Su. Goth.: 

trampen, Dutch.] To tread. Stapleton. 
To TRAMP*, tramp. i>. n. To travel on foot : a vul- 
gar expression. 
TRAMP*, tramp. ) n. s. A stro.ler ; one who 

TRA'MPER*, tramp'-ar. ) travels on foot j a beg 

gar. Graves. 
To TRA'MPLE, tram'-pl. 405. v. a. [trampa, Su 



TRA 



TRA 



03= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ; 



Goth. ; trampen, Dutch.] To tread under foot with 
pride, contempt, or elevation. St. Matt. vii. 

To TRAMPLE, tram'-pl. v. n. To tread in con- 
tempt. Government of the Tongue. To dread quick 
and loudly. Dryden. 

TRAMPLER, tram'-pl-ur. 98. n. s. One that tram- 
ples. 

TRANA'TION, tra-na'-shun. n.s. [trano, Lat.] The 
act of swimming over. 

TRANCE $,transe. 78,79. n.s. [transe, Fr.; tran- 
situs, Lat.] An ecstasy ; a state in which the soul is 
rapt into visions of future or distant things. Sidney. 

To TRANCE*, transe. v. a. To entrance. Bp. Hall. 

TRANCED, transt. 359. a. Lying in a trance or ec- 
stasy. Shakspeare. 

TRANGRAM, tran'-gram. n. s. [a cant word.] An 
odd, intricately contrived thing. Arbulhnot. 

TRANNEL, tran'-nil. 99. n.s. A sharp pin. [per- 
haps from trennel.] Moxon. 

TRANQUIL §, trang'-kwil. a. [tranquille, Fr. ; 
tranquillus, Lat.] Quiet ; peaceful ; undisturbed. 
SJiakspeare. 

TRANQUFLLITY, tran-kwSl'-e-te. 408. n.s. [tran- 
quillitas, Lat. ; tranquillite" ', Fr.] Quiet ; peace of 
mind ; peace of condition ; freedom from perturba- 
tion. Spenser. 

To TRANQUILLIZE*, tran'-kwll-lze. v. a. [tran- 
quilliser, Fr.] To compose; to render calm. Mason. 

TRANQUILLY*, tran'-kwll-le. ad. In a tranquil 
state or manner. 

TRANQUILNESS*, tran'-kwil-ngs. n.s. State of 
being tranquil. 

To TRANSACT $, trans-akt'. v. a. [transacts, 
Lat. ; transacte, old Fr.] To manage ; to negoti- 
ate ; to conduct a treaty or affair. .To perform; to 
do: to carry on. Addison. 

To TRANSACT*, trans-akt'. v. n. To conduct mat- 
ters ; to treat ; to manage. South. 

TRANSACTION, trans-ak'-sh&n.rc.s. [Fr.] Nego- 
tiation ; dealing between man and man ; manage- 
ment ; affairs ; things managed. Clarendon. 

TRANSACTOR* trans-ak'-t&r. n. s. One who 
manages ; one who conducts affairs. Derham. 

TRANSALPINE*, trans-al'-p?n. a. Situate beyond 
the Alps ; barbarous. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

To TRANS ANIMATE §* trans-an'-ne-mate. v. a. 
[trans and anima, Lat.] To animate by the convey- 
ance of one soul from another. Dean King. 

TRANSANIMATION, trans-an-ne-ma'-shfin. n. s. 
Conveyance of the soul from one body to another. 
Sir T. Herbert. 

To TRANSCENDS, tran-sSnd'. v. a. [transcendo, 
Lat.] To pass ; to overpass. Bacon. To surpass ; 
to outgo ; to exceed ; to excel. Waller. To sur- 
mount ; to rise above. Howell. 

To TRANSCEND, tran-sSnd'. v.n. To climb. 
Brown. To surpass thought. Hammond, 

TRANSCENDENCE. tran-sen'-d£nse. )n.s. Ex- 

TRANSCE'NDENCY, tran-seV-den-se. S cellence ; 
unusual excellence ; supereminence. Sha/c. Exag- 
geration ; elevation beyond truth. Bacon. 

TRANSCENDENT. tran-seV-clSnt. a. [transcen- 
dens, Lat. ; transcendant, Fr.] Excellent; supreme- 
ly excellent ; passing others. Write. 

TRANSCENDENTAL, tran-sSn-deV-tal. a. [Iran- 
scendatalis, low Lat.] General ; pervading many 
particulars. Harris. Supereminent ; passing oth- 
ers. Grew. 

TRANSCENDENTLY, tran-seV-dgnt-le. ad. Ex- 
cellently ; supereminently. South. 

TRANSCENDENTNESS*, tran-se'n'-dent-ne's. 
n. s. Supereminence; unusual excellence. Moun- 
tagu. 
To TRANSCOLATE, trans'-k6-late. v. a. [trans 
and colo, Lat.] To strain through a sieve or colan- 
der ; to suffer to pass, as through a strainer. Ham. 
To TRANSCRIBE §, tran-skrlbe'. v. a. [transcribo, 
Lat. ; transcrire, Fr.] To copy ; to write from an 
exemplar. Clarendon. 
TRANSCRIBER, tran-skrl'-b&r. n. s. A copier ; 

one who writes from a copy. Addison. 
TRANSCRIPT, tran'-skrfpt. n. s. [Fr. ; transcHp- 



tum, Lat.] A copy; any thing written from an 
original. Glanvilk. 

TRANSCRIPTION, tran-skrlp'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 
The act of copying. Broio7i. 

TRANSCRI'PTIVELY, tran-skrlp'-uV-le. ad. In 
manner of a copy. Brown. 

ToTRANSCU'RS, trans-kur'. v.n. [transcurro, 
Lat.] To run or rove to and fro. Bacon. 

TRANSCU'RSION,trans-kur'-shun. n.s. [transcur- 
sus, Lat.] Ramble ; passage through ; passage be- 
yond certain limits ; extraordinary deviation. Ba- 
con. 

TRANSE, transe. n. s. [transe, Fr. See Trance.] 
An ecstasy. Milton. 

TRANSELEMENTATION, trans-el-e-men-uV- 
shun. n. s. [trans, and element.] Change of one ele- 
ment into another. Burnet. 

TRANSEPT*, tran'-sgpt. n.s. [trans and septum, 
Lat.] A cross aisle. Warton. 

TRANSE'XION, tran-seV-sh&n. n.s. [trans and 
sexus, Lat.] Change from one sex to another 
Brown. 

To TRANSFERS, trans-feV. v.a. [transferer, Fr.; 
transfero, Lat.] To convey; to make over from 
one to another. Spenser. To remove ; to transport 
Bacon. 

TRANSFER, transfer. 492. n. s. A change of 
property ; a delivery of property to another. Bp. 
Berkeley. 

TRANSFERABLE*, trans'-feV-a-bl, or trans-feV- 
a-bl. a. That may be transferred. 

03" The accent is properly placed on the second syllable ; 
as all words of this form ought, as much as possible, to 
retain the accent of the verb from which they are de- 
rived. W. 

TRANSFERRER, trans-feV-rur. n.s. One who 
transfers. 

TRANSFIGURATION, trans-flg-u-ra'-shun. n. 
[Fr.] Change of form. Brown. The miraculous 
change of our blessed Saviour's appearance on the 
mount. Addison.. 

To TRANSFPGURE §, trans-flg'-yure. v. a. [trans- 
figurer, Fr. ; trans, <xndf gura, Lat.] To transform; 
to change with respect to outward appearance. 
Boyle. 

To TRANSFI'X, trans-ffks'. v. a. [transfixus, Lat.] 
To pierce through. Spenser. 

To TRANSFORM §, trans-f Arm', v. a. [transformer, 
Fr. : trans and forma, Lat.] To metamorphose ; 
to change with regard to external form. Sidney. 

To TRANSFORM, trans-form', v. n. To be meta- 
morphosed. Addison. 

TRANSFORMATION, trans-f6r-ma'-shun. n. 
Change of shape ; act of changing the form ; state 
of being changed with regard to form; metamor- 
phosis. Shakspeare. 

TRANSFRETA'TION, trans-fre-ta'-shun. n. s. 
trans and fretum, Lat.] Passage over the sea. 



a 



To TRANSFUND*, trans-f find', v.a. [transfundo, 
LatJ To transfuse. Barrow. Ob. T. 

[ToTRANSFU'SES, trans-fuze', v. a. [transfusvs, 
Lat.] To pour out of one into another. Hooker. 

TRANSFU SIBLE*, trans-fu'-ze-bl. a. That may be 
transfused. Boyle. 

TRANSFU'SION, trans-fu'-zhun. n. s. [Fr.] The act 
ofpouring out of one into another. Boyle. 

roTRANSGRE'SS$, trans-grgs'. «• «• [transgres- 
ser, Fr. ; transgressus, Lat.] To pass over ; topass 
beyond. Dryden. To violate ; to break. Hooker. 

To TRANSGRE'SS, trans-greV. v.n. To offend by 
violating a law. 1 Chron. ii. 

TRANSGRE'SSION, trans-greW-fin. n.s. [Fr.} 
Violation of a law; breach of a command. Milton. 
Offence; crime; fault. SJiakspeare. 

TRANSGRE'SSIVE, trans-gres'-slv. a. Faulty ; 
culpable ; apt to break laws. Brown. 

TRANSGRE'SSOR, trans-greV-sur. 166. n. s. 
[transgresseur , Fr.] Lawbreaker; violator of com- 
mand ; offender. Clarendon. 

TRANSIENTS, tran'-she-gnt. 542. a. [transient, 
940 



TRA 



TRA 



— 116, move, ndr, n6t ;— to.be, tub, bull ;— 611 ,— pound ;— (Inn, THis. 



Lat.] Soon past ; soon passing ; short ; momenta- j 
rv j not lasting ; not durable. Mi/ton. 

TRA NS1ENTLY. tran'-she-ent-le. ad. In passage 5 1 
with a short passage ; not with continuance. Dry- 
clen. 

TRA NSIENTNESS, Iran -she-ent-nk. n.s. Short- 1 
oess of continuance ; speedy passage. Decay of 
Christian Piety, 

TRANSI LIEN'CE, tran-sil -yense. ) ,., Mc 

TRANS1 LIENCY. tran-sil'-yen-se. $ 1U ' n ' s ' 
[transilio, Lat.] Leap from thing to thing. Glan- 1 
rille. 

TRANSIT, tran'-sh. n. s. [transitus, Lat.l [In as- 
tronomy.] The passing of any planet just by or un- 
der any fixed star ; or of the moon covering or mov- 
ing close by any other planet. Han-is. 

TRANSITION, tran-slzh'-on, or tran-slsh'-fin. 29. 
[See Tragedian.] n. s. [transitio, Lat.] Remov- 
al ; passage from one to another. Bacon. Change ; 
mode of change. Woodward. [trajisition, Fr.~\ Pas- 
sage, in writing or conversation, from one subject 
to another. Milton. 

33" I prefer the first mode of pronouncing this word to 
the second, though, at first sight, it appears not so reg- 
ular. My reason is, the a%ersion our language has to a 
repetition of exactly similar sounds. The sin the prefix 
Iraiui is always sharp and hissing, and that inclines us 
to vary the succeeding aspiration, hy giving it the flat 
instead of the sharp sound. This is the hest reason I 
can give for the very prevailing custom of pronouncing 
this termination in this word contrary to analogy. — 
When I asked, Mr. Garrick to pronounce this word, he, 
without premeditation, gave it in the first manner ; but 
when I desired him to repeat his pronunciation, he gave 
it in the second: 

" As one who in his journey bates at noon, 
" Though bent on speed, so here the archangel paus'd, 
" Betwixt the world destroy'd and world restor'd, 
" If Adam aught perhaps might interpose, 
" Then with transition sweet new speech resumes." 

Milton. 

1 think, however, it may be classed among those varieties 
where we shall neither be much applauded for being 
right, nor blamed for being wrong. W. 

TRANSITIVE, trans' -e-tlv. a. [transitixyus, Lat.] 

Having the power of passing. Bacon. [In gram- 

. mar.] A verb transitive is that which signifies an 

action, conceived as having an effect upon some 

object : as, ferio ten-am, 1 strike the earth. Clarke. 

TRANSITORILY, Iran' -se- turtle, ad. With spee- 

dv evanescence ; with short continuance. 
TRA'NSITORINESS, tran'-se-t&r-e-nes. ?i. s. Spee- 

dv evanescence. Sir W. CornwalUijs. 
TRA'NSITORYy.tran'-se-tur-e. 557. [See Domes- 
tick.] a. [transitoire, Fr. ; transitorius , from transeo, 
Lat.] Continuing but a short time ; speedily van- 
ishing. Common Prayer. 
TRANSLATABLE*, tran-sla'-ta-bl. a. Capable of 

being translated. 
To TRANSLATE §, tran-slate'. v. a. [translater, 
old Fr. ; translatus, Lat.] To transport; to remove. 
Heb. xi. It is particularly used of the removal of 
a bishop from one see to another. Camden. To 
transfer from one to another 3 to convey. 2 Sam. iii. 
To change. Shak. To interpret to another lan- 
guage ; to change into another language, retaining 
the sense. Roscommon. To explain : a low, collo- 
quial use. ShaJcspeare. 
TRANSLATION, tran-sla'-shun. n. s. [translatio, 
Lat. ; translation, Fr.] Removal ; act of removing. 
Harvey. The removal of a bishop to another see. 
Bacon. The act of turning into another language; 
interpretation. Brown. Something made by tran- 
slation ; version. Hooker. Tralation ; metaphor. 
B. Jonson. 
TRANSLATITIOUS*, tran-sla-tlsh'-us. a. [trans- 
Mice, Fr.] Translative; transposed. Cotgi-ave. 
Transported from a foreign land. Evelyn. 
TRANSLATIVE, tran-sla'-dv. a. (translativus, 

Lat.] Taken from others. 
TRANSLATOR, tran-sla'-tflr. 166. n. s. [transla- 
tear, old FrJ One that turns any thing into another 
language. Surift. 



TRANSLATORY, trans-la' -t&r-e. Si% a. Trans- 
ferring. Arlmthnot. 
TRANSLOCATION, trans-l6-ka'-shan. n s. [tram 
and locus. Lat.] Removal of things reciprocally to 
each other's places. Woodward. 
TRANS LU'CENCY, trans-lu'-sen-se. n. s. uiapha- 

neitv ; transparency. Doxies. 
TRANSLUCENT^, trauis-lu' sent. )a.. [trans and 
TRANSLU'CID y, trans-lu'-sld. \ lucens ' or &*- 
cidus, Lat.] Transparent ; .diaphanous clear ; 
giving a passage to trie light. Bacon. 
TRA'NSMARINE, trans- ma-reen'. 112. a. [trans- 
marinus, Lat.] Lying on the other side of the sea; 
found beyond sea. Ilakewill. 
To TRA'NSME VV, trans'-mu. v. a. [transmuto, Lat. ; 
transmuer, Fr.] To transmute; to transform; to 
metamorphose ; to change. Spenser. Ob. J. 
TRANSMIGRANT, irans'-me-grant. a. [transmi- 
grans, Lat.] Passing into another country or state. 
Bacon. 
To TRANSMIGRATES, trans'-me-grate. v. n. 
[transmigro, Lat.] To pass from one place or coun 
try into another. Brown. 
TRANSMIGRATION, trans-me-gra'-shun. n. *. 
[Fr.] Passage from one place or state into another. 
Hooker. 
TRA'NSMIGRATOR*, trans'-me-gra-t&r. n. s. One 
who passes from one place or country into another 
Ellis. 
TRANSMISSION, trans-mfsh'-un. n. s. [Fr.] The 
j act of sending from one place to another, or from 

one person to another. Spenser. 
I TRANSMI'SSIVE, trans-nuV-slv. a. [transmissvs, 
i Lat.] Transmitted; derived from one to another 
Prior. 
To TRANSMIT §, trans-mft'. v. a. [transmitto, Lat. 5 
transmettre, Fr.] To send from one person or place 
to another. Hale. 
TRANSMITTAL, trans-mlt'-tal. n. s. The act of 

transmitting; transmission. Swift. 
TRANSMITTER, trans-nuY-tur. n. s. One thai 

transmits. Savage. 
TRANSMrTTIBLE*,trans-mft'-te-bl. a. That may 
be transmitted ; that may be conveyed from one 
place to another. Marq. of Worcester. 
TRANSMUTABLE, trans-mu'-ta-bl. a. [transmu- 
able, Fr.] Capable of change ; possible to be chang- 
ed into another nature or substance. Brown. 
TRANSMUTABLY, trans-mu'-ta-ble. ad. With 
capacity of being changed into another substance 
or nature. 
TRANSMUTATION, trans-mu-ta'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.; 
transmntalio, Lat.] Change into another nature oi 
substance; an alteration of the state of a thing. 
The great aim of alchymy is the transmutation of 
base metals into gold. Bacon. Successive change. 
Bacon. 
To TRANSMUTES, trans-mute', v. a. [transmuto, 
Lat. ; transmuer, Fr.] To change from one nature 
or substance to another. Raleigh. 
TRANSMUTER, trans-mu'-tur. n. s. One that 

transmutes. 
TRA'NSOM, tran'-sum. n. s. [transenna, Lat.] A 
thwart beam or lintel over a door. [Among mathe- 
maticians.] The vane of an instrument called a cross 
staff, being a piece of wood fixed across with a 
square socket upon which it slides. Bailey. 
TRANSPARENCY, trans- pa' -ren-se. n. s. [trans- 
parence, Fr.] Clearness ; diaphaneity ; translu- 
cence; power oftransmitting liefht. Addison 
TRANSPARENT §, trans-pa'-rent. a. [Fr. ; trans 
and appareo, Lat.] Pervious to the light ; clear ; 
pellucid; diaphanous; translucent; not opaque. 
Sliakspeare. 
TRANSPARENTLY* trans-pa'-rent-le. ad. Clear- 
ly ; so clearlv as to be seen through. Whitlock. 
TRANSPA'RENTNESS*, trans-pa'-renUn^s. n.s 

The state or quality of being transparent. Ash. 
To TRANSPA'SS*, uaus-pas'. v. a. To pass over. 

Gregory. 
To TRANSPA'SS*, trans-pis', v. n. To pass by ; to 
pass away. DanieL 

941 



TRA 



TRA 



(LT 559.— Fite, f&r, fill, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin;- 



TRANSPI'CUOUS, trans-p?k'-a-fis. a. [trans and 
specio, Lat.] Transparent ; pervious to the sight. 
Milton. 
To TRANSPI'ERCE, trans-peerse', or trans-perse'. 
[See Pierce and Fierce.] v. a. [transpercer, Fr.] 
To penetrate ; to make way through ; to permeate. 
Raleigh. 
TRA'NSPIRABLE* trans-pl'-rl-bl. a. [transpirable, 

Fr.] Capable of transpiring 1 . Cotgrave. 
TRANSPIRA'TICW, tnins-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] 

Emission in vapour. Brown. 
To TRANSPIRES, tran-splre'. v. a. [transpiro, 

Lat. ; transpirer, Fr.] To emit in vapour. 

To TRANSPIRE, tran-splre'. v.n. [transpirer, Fr.] 

To be emitted by insensible vapour. Woodward. 

To escape from secrecy to notice. Ld. Chesterfeld. 

To TRANSPLA'CE, trans-plase'. v.a. To remove; 

to put into a new place. Wilkins. 
To TRANSPLANTS, trans-plant', v.a. [trans and 
planto, Lat. ; transplanter, Fr.] To remove and 
plant in a new place. Roscommon. To remove 
and settle. Bacon. To remove. Milton. 
TRANSPLANTATION, trdns-plan-ta'-shun. n. s. 
The act of transplanting or removing to another 
soil. Suckling. Conveyance from one to another. 
Baker. Removal of men from one country to 
another. Raleigh. 
TRANSPLANTER, trans-plant'-ur. n. s. One that 

transplants. 
TRANSPLE'NDENCYS*, trans-plen'-deW. n.s. 
[from trans and splendent.'] Supereminent splendour. 
More. 
TRANSPLENDENT*, trans-pleu'-dgnt. a. Super- 
eminently splendid. 
TRANSPLE'NDENTLY*, trans-pleV-dent-le. ad. 

With supereminent splendour. More. 
To TRANSPORTS, trans-p6rt'. 492. v.a. [trans 
and porto, Lat. ; transporter, Fr.] To convey by 
carriage from place to place. Sliak. To carry in- 
to banishment, as a felon. Swift. To sentence as 
a felon to banishment. To hurry by violence of • 
passion. Milton. To put into ecstasy; to ravish 
with pleasure. Milton. 
TRA'NSPOE \ trans'-port. 492. n. s. [Fr.] Trans- 
portation ; carriage; conveyance. Arbuthnot. A 
vessel of carriage ; particularly a vessel in which 
soldiers are conveyed. Drijden. Rapture ; ecsta- 
sy. South. A felon sentenced to exile. 
TRANSPO RTANCE, trans-pd-r'-tanse. n. s. Con- 

vej'ance ; carriage ; removal. Shakspeare. 
TRANSPORTANT*, trans-por'-tdnt. a. Affording 

great pleasure. More. 
TRANSPORTATION, trans-por-ta'-shfin. n. s. 
Conveyance ; carriage. Wotton. Transmission or 
conveyance. Dryden. Banishment for felony. 
Ecstatick violence of passion. South. 
TRANSPORTEDLY*, trans-p6rt'-ed-le, ad. In a 

state <!>i' rapture. 
TRANSPQRTEDNESS*, trans-port'-ed-nes. n. s. 

State of rapture. Bp. Hall. 
TRANSPORTER, trans-port'-ur. n. 5. One that 

transports. Carew. 
TRANSPORTMENT*, trans-p6rl'-mgnt. n. s. 
Transportation or conveyance in ships. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 
TRANSPO'SAL, trans-p6'-zal. n. s. The act of put- 
ting things in each other's place. Swi/i. 
To TRANSPOSE §. trans-p6ze'. v. a. [transposer, 
Fr. ; tra/ispositum, Lat.] To put each in the place 
of other. Camden. To put out of place; to re- 
move. Bp. Hall. 
'TRANSPOSITION, trans-po-zish'-un. n. s. [Fr.] 
The act of putting one thing in the place of another. 
Instr. for Oratory. The state of being put out of 
one place into another. Woodward. 
TRANSPOSITIONAL*, traiis-p6-z?sh'-fin-al. a. 

Relating to transposition. Purge. 
To TRANSSHA'PE, trans-shape', v.a. To trans- 
form ; to bring into another shape. Shak. 
ToTRANSUBSTA'NTIATES,tran-sub-stan'-she- 
•ite. v.a. [transubstaniier, Fr.] To change to anoth- 
er substance. Donne. 



TRANS UBST ANTI A'TION, tran-s&b-stan-she-a'- 
shun. n.s. [Fr.] A miraculous operation believed 
in the Romish church, in which the elements of the 
eucharist are supposed to be changed into the real 
body and blood of Christ. Locke. 
TRANSUBSTA'NTIATOR*,tran-s&b-stan'-she-a- 
t&r. n. s. One who maintains the Romish notion of 
transubslantiation. Barroio. 
TRANSUDATION, tran-shu-da'-shfin. n.s. The 
act of passing in sweat, or perspirable vapour, 
through any integument. Boyle. 
To TRANS U'DES, tran-sude'. [See Futurity.] 
v. n. [trans and sudo, Lat.] To pass through in 
vapour. Harvey. 
To TRANSU'ME $*, trans-sinne'. v. a. [transumo, 
Lat.] To take from one thing to another; to con- 
vert one thing into another. Crashaw. 
TRA'NSUMPT*, tr.W-sumt. n.s. [old Fr. ; tran- 
sumptuin, Lat.] An exemplification or copy of a 
record. Lord Herbert. 
TRANSU'MPTION, tran-sum'-shun. n.s. The act 

of taking from one place to another. So?rth. 
TRANSVERSA L, trans-ver'-sal. a. [Fr. ; trans and 

versalis, Lat.] Running crosswise. Hale. 
TRANSVERSA LLY, trans-ver'-sal-le. ad. In a 

cross direction. Wilkins. 
To TRANS VERSE S, trans-verse'. v.a. [trart-sversus, 

Lat.] To change ; to overturn. Leslie. 
TRANSVERSE, trans-verse', a. [transversa, Lat.] 

Being in a cross direction. Milton. 
TRANSVERSELY. trans-verse'-le % ad. In a cross 

direction. Stiihvgfeet. 
TRA'NTERS, IraiV-turz. n.s. Men who carry fish 
from the sea-coasts to sell in the inland countries. 
Bailey. 
TRAPS, trap. n.s. [fcpapp, fcnepp, Sax.; trope, 
Fr. ; trappola, Ilal.J A snare set for thieves or ver- 
min. Bp. Taylor. An ambush ; a stratagem to 
betray or catch unawares. Spenser. A play at 
which a ball is driven with a stick. Locke. 
To TRAP, trap. v.a. [fcpeppan, Sax.] To ensnare ; 
to catch by a snare or ambush ; to take by strata- 
gem. Shakspeare. See Trapping. To adorn; to 
decorate. Spenser. 
To TRAPA'N §*, tra-pan'. v. a. [from trap ; fcpep- 
pan, Sax.] To lay a trap for ; to ensnare . South. 
TRAPA'N*, tra-pan'. n. s. A cheat ; a stratagem ; 

a snare. South. 
TRAPA'NNER*, tra-pan'-n&r. n.s. A deceiver. 

South. 
TRAPDO'OR, trap-dore'. n. s. A door opening and 

shutting unexpectedly. Ray. 
To TRAPE, trape.. v. n. [commonly written to 
traipse.] To run idly and skittishly about : it is used 
only of women. 
TRAPES, trapes, n.s. An idle, slatternly woman. 

Hudibras. 
TRAPE'ZIUM, tra-pe'-zhe-um. n.s. [Tpairifav, Gr.y 
trapese, Fr.] A quadrilateral figure, whose lour 
sides are not equal, and none of its sides parallel. 
Woodward. 
TRAPEZO'ID, tra-pe'-z6?d. n. s. [rpani^iov and 
eiSog, Gr. ; trapesoide, Fr.] An irregular figure 
whose four sides are not parallel. Diet. 
TRA'PPINGS, trap'-plngz. 410. n. s. [from drop, Fr. 
cloth.] Ornaments appendant to the saddle. Milton. 
Ornaments; dress; embellishments; external, su- 
perficial, and trifling decoration. Shakspeare. 
TRA'PSTICK, trap'-st?k. n. s. [trap and stick] A 
stick with which boys drive a wooden ball. Spec- 
tator. 
TRASH $, trash, n.s. [tros, Icel. ; drusen, Germ.] 
Any thing worthless; dross; dregs. Shak. A 
worthless person. Shak. Matter improper for food, 
frequently eaten by girls in the green sickness. 
Garth. [Among hunters.] A piece of leather, a 
couple, or any other weight fastened round the 
neck of a dog, when his speed is superiour to the 
rest of the pack. The loppings of trees. Carleton 
To TRASH, trash, v. a. To lop; to crop. Warbur- 
ton. To crush; to humble; to trample on in a 
careless maimer ; to beat down. To cloff ; t» 
942 



TRA 



THE 



— 116, move, ndr, not 5 — tube, t&b, bfill ; — 611 ; — pdflnd ; — ^/iin, THis. 



encumber; to impede the progress of. Shak- 
apeare. 
To TRASH*, r.-dbh v.n. To follow, with bustle, as 
if beating- down every thing in the way ; to tram- 
ple. The Puritan. (1607.) 
TRASHY, trash'-e. a. Worthless; vile; useless. 

Dryden. 
TRAULISM*, traw'-lizm. n.s. [traulho, Lui] A 

stammering repetition of syllables. Da/garno. 
TRAUM.VT1CK, traw-mat'-lk. 509. a. [rpavuan- 

irJf.l Vulnerary ; useful to wounds. Wiseman. 
TRAUMA'TICRS*. liaw-mat'-lks.7i.5. Vulneraries; 

medicines good to heal wounds. C/iambers. 
ToTRA'VAlLy, trav'-il. 208. v.n. [travaUler, Fr.] 
To labour; to toil. Shak. To be in labour; to 
sutler the pains of childbirth. Jsa. xxiii. 
To TRA'VAIL, trav'-ll. v.a. [travagliare, Ital.] To 

harass ; to tire. Han ward. 
TRA'VAIL, travMl. n. s. Labour; toil; fatigue. 

Hooker. Labour in childbirth. Bacon. 
TRAVE, trave. )n.s. [travail, Fr.] A wooden 
TRA'VIS, trav'-?s. ) frame for shoeing unruly horses. 
Chaucer, [irabs, Lat.J A beam; a lay of joists; 
a traverse. A. Wood. 
To TRA'VEL fr, trav'-ll. 99. v.n. To make journeys. 
Shut. To pass ; to go ; to move. Sluik. To make 
journeys of curiosity. Walts. To labour ; to toil. 
Hooker. 
To TRA'VEL, trav'-ll. v.a. To pass; to journey 

over. Milton. To force to journey. Sp&iser. 
TRA'VEL, trav'-il. n.s. [travail, Fr.] Journey ; act 
of passing from place to place. Dnjden. Journey of 
curiosity or instruction. Sluxk. Labour; toil. Daniel. 
Labour in childbirth : in this sense rather travail. 
Dnjden. — Travels. Account of occurrences and 
observations of a journey into foreign parts. Brown. 
TRAVELLED*, trav'-ild. a. Having made jour- 
neys. Wotton. 
TRA'VELLER, trav'-il-lur. 406. n.s. [travailleur,] 
Fr.] One who goes a journey ; a wayfarer. Spenser. 
One who visits foreign countries. Shakspeare. 
TRA'VELTAINTED. tray'-)l-tant-ed.u. Harassed; 

fatigued with travel. Sliakspeare. 
TRA' VERS, trav'-erse. ad. [Fr.] Athwart; across. 

Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
TRAVERSABLE*, trav'-Sr-sa-bl. a. Liable to 

legal objection. Hale. 
TRA'VERSE, tra-verse'. ad. [a trovers, Fr.] Cross- 
wise ; athwart. Bacon. 

£5= In the folio edition of Johnson, the word traverse, 
when an adverb or a preposition, is accented on the last 
syllable, as 1 have marked it; but in the quarto it is every- 
where accented on the first. Mr. Sheridan accents only 
the preposition on the last. Dr. Ash says the verb was 
formerly accented on the last; and Buchanan has given 
it so accented: all the rest of our orthoepists accent 
the word everywhere on the first ; but the distinction 
in which I have followed Dr. Johnson's folio, I must 
think the most accurate. 



-He through the armed files 



" Darts his experiene'd eye, and soon, traverse, 
" The whole battalion views." Milton. W. 

TRA'VERSE, tra-verse'. prep. Through crosswise. 
Milton. 

TRA'VERSE y . trav'-erse. a. [transversus, Lat. ; trav- 
erse, FrJ Lving across ; lying athwart. Hay ward. 

TRA'VERSE §, trav'-erse. n.s. Anything laid or 
built cross ; any thing hung across. Bacon. Some- 
thing that thwarts, crosses, or obstructs ; cross ac- 
cident ; thwarting obstacle. Bp. Hall. A flexure ; 
a turning. Johnson. Subterfuge ; trick. Proceed, 
against Garnet, 1606. An indictment traversed; 
a legal objection. 

To TRA'VERSE, trav'-erse. v. a. [traivrser, Fr.] J 
To cross ; to lay athwart. Shak. To cross by way ! 
of opposition ; to thwart with obstacles. Wotton. 1 
To oppose ; to cross by an objection : a law term. 
Dryden. To wander over ; to cross. Milton. To 
survey ; to examine thoroughly. South. 

To TRA'VERSE, trav'-erse. v.n. To use a posture 
of opposition in fencing. Shakspeare, 

TRA'VESTED $#. trav'-est-id, a. [travesti. Fr. ; tra- 



vestito, ltal.l Uressed in the clothes of another', 
disguised. Benlley. 

TRA'VESTY, tr&v'-es-le. a. [travesti, Fr.] Uressea 
so as lo be made ridiculous ; burlesqued. 

TRA'VESTY*, trav'-es-te. n. s. A burlesque per 
fbrmance ; a work travestied. Dr. Wurton. 

To TRA'VESTY*, trav'-es-te. v.a. To turn into 
burlesque and ridicule. Dr. Warton. 

TRAY, tra. 220. n. s. [traeg, Su. Goth. ; trua, Lat.] 
shallow wooden vessel. Moxon. 

TRA'YTRIP. tra'-trip. n.s. Some game at tables or 
draughts. Sluxkspeare. 
1 TREACHER*, trelsh'-fir. ) n. s. [triclieur, 

TREA'CHETOUR,tretsh'-e-'ur.>. Fr.] A traitor T 

TREA'CHOUR, tretsh'-ur. ) one who be- 

trays; one who violates his faith or allegiance. 
Spenser. Not used. 

TRE'ACHEROUS, tretsh'-er-us. 234. a. Faithless; 
perfidious ; guilty of deserting or betraying. Speii- 
ser. 

TREACHEROUSLY, tretsh'-er-us-le. ad. Faith- 
lessly ; perfidiously ; by treason ; by dishonest 
stratagem. Spenser. 

TRE'ACHEROUSNESS, tretslv'-er-us-nes. 314. 
n. s. The quality of being treacherous ; perfidious- 
ness. 

TREACHERY §, tretsh'-er-e. 555. n.s. [trichefk. 
Fr.; from triegen, Germ.] Perfidy; breach of 
faith. 2 Kings, ix. 

TRE'ACLE, tre'-kl.227, 405. n.s. [triacle, Fr.? 
triackle, Dutch.] A medicine made up of many in- 
gredients. Boyle. Molasses; the spume of sugar. 
Ellis. ■ 

To TREAD $, tred. 234. v. n. pret. trod, trade ; part, 
pass, trodden, [trudan, Goth.; fcpaeban, Sax. ; 
treden, Dutch.] To set the foot. Shale. To tram- 
ple ; to set the feet in scorn or malice. Devi, x-xxiii. 
To walk with form or state. Milton. To copulate 
as birds. Shakspeare. 

To TREAD, tred. v. a. To walk on ; to feel under 
the foot. Shak. To press under the foot. Swi/L 
To beat; to track. Sltak. To walk on in a format 
or stately manner. Dryden. To crush under foot: 
to trample in contempt or hatred. Psal. xliv. To 
put in action by the feet. Job, xxiv. To love as 
the male bird the fefcale. Dryden. 

TREAD, tred. 234. n.s. Footing: step with the foot. 
Shak. Way; track; path. Shak. The cock's* 
part in the egg. 

TRE'ADER, trgd'-ur. n. s. He who treads. Isa. xvi. 

TRE'ADLE, tred'-dl. 405. n. s. A part of an engine 
on which the feet act to put it in motion. Moxon. 
The sperm of the cock. Brown. 

TREAGUE*, treeg. n.s. [treuga, Germ.; triggwe, 
Goth.] A truce. Spenser. Ob. T. 

TREASON y, tre'-zn. 103, 227, 170. n. s. [trahison, 
Fr.] An offence committed against the dignity a d 
majesty of the commonwealth : it is divided into 
high treason and petit treason. High treason is an 
offence against the security of the commonwealth,, 
or of the king's majesty, whelher by imagination, 
word, or deed. Petit treason is when a servant 
kills his master, a wife her husband, a secular or 
religious man his prelate : both treasons are capital. 
Cowel. 
TREASONABLE, tre'-zn-a-bl. ) a. Having the na- 
TRE'ASONOUS, tre'-zn-us. $ ture or guilt of 

treason. Shakspeare. 
TRE ASONABLENESS*, tre'-zn-a-bl-nes. n. s. 

State or quality of being treasonable. Ash. 
TREASONABLY* tre'-zn-a-ble. ad. In a treason 

able manner; with a treasonable view. 
TREASURE y, trezh'-ure. 452. n.s. [tresor, Fr.; 
thesaurus, Lat.] Wealth hoarded ; riciies accumu- 
lated. Sluxkspeare. 
To TREASURE, trezh'-Are. r. a. To hoard ; to 

reposit ; to lay up. Rom. ii. 
TRE ASUREHOUSE, lrezh'-ure-h6use. n.s. Place 

where hoarded riches are kept. Hooker. 
TREASURER, trezh'-u-rfir. n. s. [tresorier, Fr.] 
One who has care of money; one who has charge 
of treasure. Sliakspeare. 
043 



TRE 



TRE 



[LT 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, m&t ;— pine, pin ;— 



TRE'ASURERSHIP, trezh'-u-rfir-shfp. n. *. Office 
or dignity of treasurer. HakewiU. • « 

TRE'ASURESS*, trezh'-u-res. n.s. She who has 
charge of treasure. Bering. 

TRE'ASURY, trezh'-u-re. n.s. [tresorerie, Fr.] A 
place in which riches are accumulated. Sliak. It 
is used by Sliakspeare for treasure. 

To TREAT§, trete. 227. v. a. [trailer, Fr. ; tracto, 
Lat.] To negotiate} to settle. Dryden. [tracto, 
Lat.j To discourse on. To use in any manner, 
good or bad. Spectator; To handle ; to manage ; 
to carry on. Dryden. To entertain without ex- 
pense to the guest. 

To TREAT, trete. v.n. [traiter, Fr.; fcpahfcian, 
Sax.] To discourse ; to make discussions. Milton. 
To practise negotiation. 2 Mace. xiii. To come 
to terms of accommodation. Swift. To make 
gratuitous entertainments. Prior. 

TREAT, trete. n. s. An entertainment given. Dryd. 
Something given at an entertainment. Dryden. 

TRE ATABLE, tre'-ta-bl. 405. a. [treatable, Fr.] 
Moderate; not violent 3 tractable. Hooker. * 

TRE' AT ABLY*, tre'-ta-ble. ad. Not with violence ; 
moderately. Hooker. 

TRE'ATER*, tre'-tur. n.s. One who discourses. 
Wotton. One who gives an entertainment. 

TRE'ATISE, tre'-tlz. 140,227. n.s. [tractatus, Lat.] 
Discourse; written tractate. Dryden. 

TRE'ATISER*. tre'-te-z&r. n. s. One who writes a 
treatise. Featley. Ob. T. 

TREATMENT, trete'-ment. n. s. [trailment, Fr.] 
Usage ; manner of using, good or bad. Addison. 
Entertainment. Dryden. 

TREATY, tre'-te. 227. n. s. [traite, Fr.] Negotia- 
tion ; act of treating. Spenser. A compact of ac- 
commodation relating to publick affairs. Bacon, 
{for entreaty.] Supplication; petition; solicitation. 
Shak. Treatise. Homily against Rebellion. 

TRE'BLE$, treV-bl. 405. a. [triple, Fr. ; triplus, 
triplex, Lat.] Threefold ; triple. Milton. Sharp 
of sound: a musical term. Bacon. 

To TRE'BLE, treV-bl. v.-a. To multiply by three; 
to make thrice as much. Spenser. 

To TREBLE, treb'-bl. v. n. To become threefold. 
Swift. 

TRE'BLE §, treV-bl. n.s. ffhe highest or aculest 
part in musick ; the smallest of a ring of bells; a 
sharp sound. Bacon, 

TRE'BLENESS, treb'-bl-nes. n. s. The state of be- 
ing treble. Bacon. 

TRE'BLY, treV-ble. ad. Thrice told; in threefold 
number or quantity. Dryden. 

TREE $, tree. n. s. [triu, M. Goth. ; trie, Icel. ; tree, 
Dan.] A large vegetable, rising with one woody 
stem, to a considerable height. Miller. Wood, 
simply. Wirlije. Any thing branched out. Dryd. 

TREE Germander, n.s. A plant. 

TREE of Life. n. s. An evergreen : the wood is 
esteemed by turners. Miller. 

TREE Primrose, n. s. A plant. 

TREEN, treen. old plur. of tree. B. Jonson. 

TREEN, treen. a. [fepeopen, Sax.] Wooden; made 
of wood. Camden. 

TRE'FOIL, tre'-foll. n. s. [trifolium, Lat.] A plant. 

Miller. 
TREILLAGE, tra'-lldje. n.s. [Fr.] A contexture 
of pales to support espaliers, making a distinct 
enclosure of any part of a garden. Trevoux. 
TRELLIS, trel'-lis. n. s. [Fr.] A structure of iron, 
wood, or osier, the parts crossing each other like a 
lattice. Gray. 
TRE LLISED*, trelMlst. a. Having trellises. Sir 

T. Herbert. 
To TRE'MBLE §, trem'-bl. 405. v. n. [trembler, Fr. ; 
tremo, Lat.] To shake as with fear or cold ; to shiv- 
er ; to quake ; to shudder. Sliak. To quiver; to 
totter. Milton. To quaver ; to shake as a sound. 
Bacon. 
TRE'MBLER*, trem'-blur. n,s. One who trembles. 

Hammond. 
TRE'MBLING*, trem'-bllng. n. *. Treraour. Clar- 
endon. 



TRE'MBLINGLY, treW-bllng-le. ad. So as to shake 
or quiver. Shakspeare. 

TREMENDOUS, tre-meV-d&s. [See Stupen- 
dous.] a. [tremendus, Lat.] Dreadful ; horrible ; 
astonishingly terrible. Tatler. 

TREME'NDOUSLY*, tre-mdn'-dfis-le. ad. Horri- 
bly; dreadfully. 

TREME'NDOUSNESS*, tre-men'-d&s-nes. n. s. 
State or quality of being tremendous. Scott. 

TRE'MOUR, tre'-mur. 314. n. s. [tremor, Lat.] The 
state of trembling. Harvey. Quivering or vibra- 
tory motion. Newton. 

TRE'MULOUS, trenV-u-lfis. 314. a. [tremulus, Lat.] 
Trembling ; fearful. Decay of Chr. .Piety. Quiv- 
ering; vibratorv. Fell. 

TRE'MULOUSLY*, trem'-u-lus-le. ad. With trepi- 
dation. 

TRE'MULOUSNESS, trem'-u-l&s-nes. n. s. The 
state of quivering. 

TREN, tren. n. s. A fish spear. Ainsworth. 

To TRENCH $, trensh. v. a. [trancher, Fr.] To.cut. 
Shak. To cut or dig into pits or ditches. Evelyn. 
To fortify by earth thrown up. Milton. 

To TRENCH*, trensh. v.n. To encroach. Bp. Hall. 

TRENCH, trensh. n. s. [tranche, Fr.] A pit or ditch. 
Dryden. Earth thrown up to defend soldiers in 
their approach to a town, or to guard a camp. Shak 

TRE NCHAND*, tren'-shand. ) a. [trencJiant, Fr.] 

TRENCHANT, tren'-shant. S Cutting; sharp. 
Spenser. 

TREACHER, tren'-sh&r. 98. n. s. [trenchoir, Fr.] A 
piece of wood On which meat is cut at table. Shak 
The table. Shak. Food ; pleasures of the table. 
South. 

TRE'NCHERFLY, treV-sh&r-fll. n. s. [trencher and 
1 fly.] One that haunts tables ; a parasite. U Estrange. 
I TRE'NCHERFRIEND*, tren'-shur-frend. n. s A 

parasite ; a trenchermate. Sliakspeare. 
j TRE'NCHERMAN, treV-sh&r-mam. 88. n. s. A 
cook. Sidney. A feeder; an eater. Sliakspeare. 

TRE'NCHERMATE, tren'-shur-mate. n. s. A table 
companion ; a parasite. Hooker. 

To TREND, tre'nd. v. n. To tend ; to lie in any par- 
ticular direction : it seems a corruption of lend. 
Cook and King. 

TRE'NDING*, trend'-mg. n. s. A particular direc- 
tion. Dryden. 

TRE'NDLE, tren'-dl. 405. n. s. [fcpenbel, Sax.] 
Any thing turned round. 

TRE NTALS, tren'-tals. n. s. [trente, Fr.] Trentals 
or trigintals were a number of masses, to the tale 
of thirty, said on the same account, according to a 
certain order instituted by Saint Gregory. Ayliffe. 

TREPA'N$, tre-pan'. rc. s. [Fr. ; from rpuiraw, Gr.] 
An instrument by which chirurgeons cut out round 
pieces of the skull. A snare ; a stratagem by which 
any one is ensnared. Roscommon. 

To TREPA'N, tre-pan'. v. a. [trepaner, Fr.] To per- 
forate with the trepan. Wiseman. To catch ; to" 
ensnare. Hudibras. 

TREPHFNE.lre-fW. n. s. A small trepan ; a small- 
er instrument of perforation managed by one hand. 
Wiseman. 

TREPIDATION, trep-e-da'-sh&n. n, s. [trepidatio, 
Lat.] The state of trembling or quivering. Bacon. 
Slate of terrour. Wotton. 

To TRESPASS $, trey-pas. v.n. [trespasser, Fr.] 

I To transgress; to offend. Lev. xxvi. To enter un- 
lawfully on another's ground. Prior. 

I TRESPASS, tres'-pas. n. s. [trespas, Fr.] Trans- 

J gression ; offence. Shak. Unlawful entrance on 
another's ground. 

TRESPASSER, tres'-pas-s&r. n. s. An offender; a 
transgressor. Quarles. One who enters unlawful- 
ly on another's ground. Walton. 

TRESS §, tres. n. s. [tresse, Fr. ; treccia, Ital.] A lock: 
a curl of hair; a gathering of hair. Chancer. 

TRE'SSED, tres'-sed. 104, 366. a. Knotted; curled- 
having the hair in a tress ; having tresses. Spenser, 

TRE'SSEL*. See Trestle. 

TREASURE*, tresh'-shure. n. t. [In heraldry.] A 
kind of border. Warton. 
944 






TRI 



TRI 



-no, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — Ml ; — pdflnd ; — thm, Tiris. 



3TLE, tres'-sl. 472. n.s. [ireiteau,Vr.] The 
frame Of' a table; a movable form by which any 
thing is supported ; a three-legged stool. Mir/. 

TRET, tret, n.s. [probably from rnfcw.JLat.] An 
allowance made by merchants to retailers, which 
is four pounds in every hundred weight, and four 
pounds for waste or refuse of a commodity. Bailey. 

TRE THINGS, tre -tfmijjz. rt.s. [trethingiA^. Lai.; 
from frM/itt, Welsh] Taxes; imposts.' 

TRE'VET, trJy'-U. 99. ». s. [nnej-ec, Sax. 5 f>e- 
;;.'«/, Fr.1 Any thing that stands on three legs : as 
a stool. 

TREY, tr&. re. s. [tres, Lat.; trois, Fr.] A three at 
cards. Shakspeare. 

TRI ABLE, trl'-a-bl. 405. a. [from try.] Possible to be 
experimented ; capable of trial. Boyle. Such as 
may be judicially examined. Aijlijt'e. 

TRI'AD, tri'-ad. 88. n. s. [trios, Lat. 5 Made, Fr.] 
Three united. More. 

TRFAL. trl'-dl. 88. n. s. [from try.] Test; examina- 
tion. Siiak. Experiment; act of examining by 
experience. Bacon. Experience ; experimental 
knowledge. Heb. xi. Judicial examination. Cowel. 
Temptation ; test of virtue. Milton. State of be- 
ing tried. Shakspeare. 

TRIA'LITY*, trl-al'-e-te. n. s. Three united; state 
of being three. Wharton. 

TRFALOGUEf, trl'-a-l&g. 519. re. s. A colloquy of 
three persons. 

TRI' ANGLER tri'-ang-gl. 405. n.s. [Fr.; triangu- 
lum, Lat.] A figure of three angles. Locke. 

TRI' ANGLED*, tri'-ang-gld.a. Having three angles. 
Bullokar. nb * h 

TRIA'NGULAR, trl-ang'-gi-lar. a. [triangularis, 
Lat.] Having three angles. Spenser. 

TRIANGULARLY*, tri-ang'-g«!i-lar-le. ad. After 
the form of a triangle. Harris. 

TRIA'RIAN* tri-a'-re-an. a. [friarii, Lat.] Occu- 
pying the third post or place. Cowley. Ob. T. 

TRIBE §. tribe, n.s. [tribus, Lat.] A distinct body 
of the people as divided by family or fortune, or 
any other characleristiek. B. Jonson. It is often 
used in contempt. Roscommon. 

To TRIBE*, tribe, v. a. To divide into tribes or 
classes. Bp. Nicolson. 

TRFBLET, trib'-let. 

TRFBOULET, tr]b'-66-let 
Ains-wortii. 

TRIBULATION, trlb-u-la'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] Per- 
secution; distress; vexation; disturbance of life. 
Hooker. 

TRIBUNAL, trl-bu'-nal. 119.?*. 5. [Lat. and Fr.] The 
seat of a judge. Shak. A court of justice. Milton. 

TRI BUN E, trib'-une. n. s. [tribunus, Lat.] An offi- 
cer of Rome chosen by the people. Shak. The 
commander of a Roman legion. 

TRFBUNE3HIP*, trlb'-une-shlp. re, s. The office 
of a tribune. Addison. 

TRIBUNFTIAL. trlb-u-nlsh'-al. ) a. [tribvnilws, 

TRIBUNFTIOU3, trm-u-nlsh'-as. \ Lat.] Suiting 
a tribune; relating to a tribune. Bacon. 

TRIBUTARY, trlb'-u-ta-re. a. [tributaire, Fr.; tri- 
butarius, Lat.] Paying tribute as an acknowledge- 
ment of submission to a master. Spenser. Subject; 
subordinate. Milton. Paid in tribute. Concannen. 

TRIBUTARY, trm'-u-la-re. re. s. One who pays a 
staled sum in acknowledgement of subjection. 
Dent. xx. 

TRI'BUTE§, trib'-ute. n. s. [tribut, Fr. ; tributum, 
Lat.] Payment made in acknowledgement of sub- 
jection ; subjection. St. Matt. xvii. 
To TRFBUTE* trliy-ute. v. a. To pay as tribute. 
Whillock. 

TPJCE, trlse. n. s. [perhaps from thrice.] A short 
time; an instant; a stroke. Spenser. 

TRICHO'TOMY, tri-kof -16-me. 518, 519, 353. n. s. 

[rpi^-orofif'w.] Division into three parts. Hartlib. 
TRICK 5. tri'k. n.s. [triche, o\d Fr. ; treck, Dutch, 
from triegen. Germ.] A sly fraud. Raleigh. A 
dexterous artifice. Tusser. A vicious practice. 
Shak. A juggle ; an antick ; any thing done to 
cheat jocosely, or to divert. Prior. An unexpect- 
119 



re. s. A goldsmiths 
tool for making rings. 



ed (fleet. Shak. A practice ; a manner ; a habit: 
;is. lie has a trick of winking with his eyes. Shak. 
A number of cards laid regularly up in play : as, a 
trick ofcaWs. [trica, low Lat.] A plait or knot of 
hair. B. Jonson. 

To TRICK, trlk. v. a. [triclier, Fr. ; triegen', Germ.] 
To cheat ; to impose on ; to defraud. B. Jonson. 
To dress ; to decorate ; to adorn ; properly to 
knot. Drayton. To perform with a light touch ; 
to delineate or draw, properly only with pen and 
ink. [tryclca, Swed.] It is a term of heraldry : as, 
to trick arms. B. Jonson. 

To TRICK, trlk. v. n. To live by fraud. Bryden. 

TRFCKER, trlk'-Or. 98. n. s. [often written trigger.] 
The catch which, being pulled, disengages the cock 
of the gun, that it may give fire. Boyle. 

TRFCKERY*, tr?k'-fir-e. re. s. Act of dressing up; 
artifice. Dr. Parr. 

TRFCKING, trik'-hig. 410. re. s. Dress; ornament. 
Shakspeare, 

TRFCKISH, trlk'-?sh. a. Knavishly artful ; fraudu- 
lently cunning; mischievouslv subtle. Atlerbury. 

To TRFCKLE §) trfk'-kl. 405.V n. [of uncertain ety- 
mology.] To fall in drops; to rill in a slender 
stream. Spenser. 

TRFCKMENT*, trfV-ment. re. s. Decoration. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

TRFCKSTER* trik'-stur. re. 5. One who practises 
tricks. Robinson. 

TRFCKSY, trlk'-se. 438. a. [from trick.] Pretty; 
daintv; neat; brisk; livelv; nierrv. Shakspeare. 

TRFCKTRACK*, trik'-trak. re. s. [trictrac, Fr.] A 
game at tables. Memoirs of P. H. Bruce. 

TRICO'RPQRAL, trl-k6r'-p6-ral. 119. a. [iricor- 
pus, Lat.] Having three bodies. 

TRIDE, tride. a. [Fr.] Among hunters : short and 
ready. Bailey. 

TRFDENT §, tri'-dent. 503. re. s. [Fr. ; tridens, Lat.] 
A three forked sceptre of Neptune. 

TRFDENT, trl'-dent. 544. ) a. Having three 

TRIDE'NTED*. trl-dent'-ed. ) teeth. Quarks. 

TRFDING, trl'-d'ing. re. s. [tpi?in^a,Sax.; rather 
trithing.] The third part of a county or shire. This 
division is only used in Yorkshire, where it is cor- 
rupted into riding. 

TRFDUAN, trid'-ju-an. 293,376. a. [triduum, Lat.] 
Lasting three days. Happening every third day. 

TRIENNIAL, trl-Sn'-yal. 113, 119.a. [triennis ,Lai. ; 
triennal, Fr.] Lasting three years. Howell. Hap- 
pening every third year. Warton. 

TRFER, trl'-fir. 98. n. s. One who tries experiment- 
ally. Boyle. One who examines judicially. Hale. 
Test ; one who brings to the test. Shakspeare. 

TRIETE'RICAL*, trl-e-uV-e-kal. a. [trietericus, 
Lat.] Triennial; kept every third year. Gregory. 

To TRFF ALLOW, irl'-fal-ld. v. a. [Ires, Lat.; and 
peal^a, Sax.] To plough land the third time be- 
fore sowing. Mortimer. 

TRFFID, trl'-fld. 119. a. Among botanists : cut or 
divided into three parts. Bailey. 

TRIFI'STULARY, trl-ffs'-tshti-Ia-re. a. [tres and 

fistula. LatJ Having three pipes. Brown. 
To TRFFLE §, trl'-fl. 405. v. re. [tryfelen, Dutch.] 
To act or talk without weight or dignity ; to act 
with levity; to talk with folly. Hooker. To mock; 
to play the fool. Shak. To indulge light amuse- 
ment ; as, He trifled all his time. Law. To be of 
no importance. Spenser. 
To TRFFLE, trl'-fl. v. a. To make of no importance. 
Shakspeare. 

TRFFLE, trl'-fl. 405. re. s. A thing of no moment 
Shakspeare. 

TRFFLER, trl'-fl-ur. re. 5. [trifelaar, Dutch.] One 
who acts with levitv; one that talks with folly. Bacon. 

TRFFLING, trl'-fl-lng. 410. a. Wanting worth ; un- 
important ; wanting weight. Rogers. 

TRFFLING LY, trl'-fl-ing-le. ad. Without weight; 
without dignitv ; without importance. Locke. 

TRFFLINGNESS*, trl'-fl-mg-nSs. re. s. Lightness ; 
emptiness; vanity. Bp. Parker. 

TRIFO'LIATE, tri-fo'-le-ate. a. [tres and folium, 
Lat.l Having three leaves. Harte. 
945 



TRI 



TRI 



\W 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin ;— 



TRIFOLY*, trif-6-le. n. s. Sweet trefoil. Mason. 
TRIFORM, trl'-form. a. [Wi/ormis, Lat.] Having a 

triple shape. Millon. 
SPo TRIG'S*, tr%. v.a. [fcpiJJ, Sax.] To fill ; to 

Stuff, it/ore. 
2V) TRIG*, trig. v.a. [trega, Goth.] To stop a wheel 5 
to catch a wheel so as to prevent it from going 
backward or forward. Bailey. 
TRIG*, trig. a. Full. Trim; neat. 
TRI GAMY*, trig'-a-me. n. s. [rpeis and ydpos.] 
State of being married three times ; state of having 
three husbands or wives at one time. Sir T. Herb. 
TRI'GGER, trig'-gur. 98. n. s. [trigue, Fr. See 
TrickerJ A catch to hold the wheel on steep 
ground. The catch that, being pulled, looses the 
cock of the gun. Locke. 
TRIGFNTALS, trl-jin'-talz. 119. n. s. [triginta, 
Lat.] Trentals or trigintais were a number of 
masses, to the tale of thirty, instituted by Saint 
Gregory. Ayliffe. 
TRFGLYPH, tYl'-glif. ] 19. n.s. [rpe~n and y\v<f>f,, 
Gr. ; triglyphe, Fr.] [In architecture.] A member 
of the frieze of the Dorick order set directly over 
every pillar, and in certain spaces in the interco- 
lumniations. Wotton. 
TRI'GON§, trl'-gon. n.s. [rpiywvov, Gr. ; trigon, 
Fr.] A triangle : a term in astrology. Harington. 
TRIGONAL, trig'-6-nal. a. Triangular; having j 

three corners. Woodward. 
$CrI have ma> the first syllable of this word short, as 1 1 
am convinced it is agreeable to the genius of English 
pronunciation to shorten every antepenultimate vowel 
except u, when not followed by a diphthong. 535. This 
is evident in tripartite, triplicate, and a thousand 
other words, notwithstanding the specifick meaning 
of the first syllable, which, in words of two syllables 
when the accent is on the first, and in polysyllables 
when the accent is on the second, ought, according to 
analogy, to have the i long. See Principles, No. 530, 
535. W. 

TRIGONOMETRICAL, trig'-o-ni-melMre-kal. a. 
Pertaining to trigonometry. 

TRIGONOME'TRICALLY*, trig^-nb-meV-ue- 
kal-le. ad. According to the rules of trigonometry. 
Whiston. 

TRIGONOMETRY*, trig'-6-n6nV-e-tre. n. s. [rpi- 
yuvos and perpov.] The art of measuring triangles, 
or of calculating the sides of any triangle sought, | 
and this is plain or spherical. Harris. 

TRILATERAL, trl-lal'-eT-al. 119. a. [tres and la- 
tiis, Lat.] Having three sides. 

TR1LPTERAL*, trl-llt'-Sr-al. a. [tres and Htera, 
Lat.] Consisting of three letters. Biblioth. Bibl. 

TRILL*, trill, n, s. [trillo, Ital., from drilla, Su. 
Goth.] Quaver; tremulousness of musick. Tatler. 

To TRILL, trill, v.a, [drilla, Walla, Su. Goth.] To 
utter quavering. Thomson. To shake. Old Mo- 
rality of Lusty Juvenilis. 

To TRILL, trill, v. n. [trilla, Swed.] To trickle; to 
fall in drops or slender streams. Chaucer. To play 
in tremulous vibrations of sound. Dryden. 

TRILLION, tril'-yfin. 113. n.s. A million of millions 
of millions ; a million twice multiplied by a million. 
Locke. 

TRILAMINAR, trl-lu'-min-ar. )1 19. a. [trilumin- 

TRILU'MINOUS, trl-lrV-min-us. \ «™, Lat.] Hav- 
ing three lights. Diet. 

TRIMS, trim. a. [ftetpymmeb, Sax.] Nice; snug; 
dressed up. Tusser. 

TRIM, trim. n.s. Dress; gear; ornaments. Shak. 
Trimming. Sir T. Herbert. A word of slight con- 
tempt. 

To TRIM, trim. v. a. [fcpyman, Sax.] To fit out. 
Shak: To dress; to decorate. Bacon. To shave; 
to clip. 2 Sam. xix. To make neat; to adjust. 
Shak. To balance a vessel. Spectator. To lose 
in fluctuating between two parties. Dryden. 

To TRIM, trim. v.n. To balance; to fluctuate be- 
tween two parties. South. 

TRIMETER*, trW-e-ter. [See Trigonal.] a. 
[rpipcrpos, Gr.; trimetre, Fr.] Consisting of three 
poetical measures, forming an iambick of six feet. 



TRPMLY, trim'-le. ad. Nicely; neatly. Spenser. 

TRPMMER, trim'-mur. 98. n. s. One who changes 
sides to balance parties; a turncoat. Swift. A 
piece of wood inserted. Moxon. 

TRFMMING, trim'-ming. 410. n. s. Ornamental ap- 
pendages to a coat or gown. Garth. 

TRPMNESS, trim'-ne's. n. s. Neatness; petty ele- 
gance of dress. Sherwood. 

TRPNAL, trl'-nal. 88. a. [trinus, Lat.] Threefold, 
Spenser. 

TRPNDLE* trin'-dl. n.s. See Trundle. 

TRINE S, trine, n. s. [trine, Fr. ; trinus, Lat.] An 
aspect of planets placed in three angles of a tngon, 
in which they are supposed by astrologers to ba 
eminently benign. Milton. 

TRINE*, trine, a. Threefold; thrice repeated. 
Wheatley. 

To TRINE, trine, v. a. To put in a trine aspect 
Dryden. 

TRINITARIAN*, trni-e-ti'-re-an. n.s. [from Trin 
ity.) A believer of the Trinity. Stvift. One of a 
monastick order, instituted in honour of the Trinity. 

TRFNITY§, trin'-e-te. n. s. [trinitas, Lat. ; trinite. 
Fr.] The incomprehensible union of the three per 
sons in the Godhead. Locke. 

TRPNKETS, tring'-klt. 99. n.s. [perhaps from the 
low Lat. trinquetum.] Toys; ornaments of dress; 
superfluities of decoration. Sidney. Things of no 
great value ; tackle ; tools. Tusser. 

To TRPNKET*, tring'-kit. i>. n. To give trinkets. 
South. 

TRINOMIAL*, trl-n6'-me-al. ) a. [tres and no- 

TRINO'MINAL*, trl-n&m'-e-nal. ] men, Lat.] [In 
mathematicks.] Consisting of three parts or mo- 
nomes. 

TRPO*, trl'-6. n. s. A piece of musick of three prin- 
cipal or reciting parts. Mm. Diet. 

TRIO'BOLAR, trl-6b'-6-lar. )a. [triobolaris, 

TRIOBOLARY*, trl-6b / -6-lar-e. , Lat.] Vile : 
mean ; worthless. Howell. 

To 7TtIP§, trip. v. a. [treper, Fr.; trippen., Dutch.] 
To supplant; to throw by striking the feet from 
the ground by a sudden motion. Shak. To strike 
from under the body. Shak. To catch ; to detect. 
Shakespeare. 

To TRIP, trip. v. n. To fall by losing the hold of the 
feet. To fail ; to err ; to be deficient. Hooker. 
To stumble ; to titubate. Locke. To run lightly. 
Shak. To take a short voyage. 

TRIP, trip. n. s. A stroke or catch by which the 
wrestler supplants his antagonist. Sluxk. A stum- 
ble by which the foothold is lost. A failure; a 
mistake. Dryden. A short voyage or journey. 
Pope. 

TRIP*, trip. n,s. [thyrpa, Icel.l A flock or herd of 
goats. Bullokar. A trip of sheep, i. e. few sheep. 
Kay. 

TRIPARTITE §, trlp'-par-tlte. 155. [See Trigo 
nal and Bipartite.] a. [tripartite, Fr. ; triparti< 
ins, Lat.] Divided into three parts ; having three 
correspondent copies; relating to three parties. 
Shakspeare. 
TRIPARTFTION^trip-par-tish'-un.n.s. A division 
into three parts. Ash. 

TRIPE, tripe, n. s. [Wipe, Fr. ; trippa, Ital. and 
Span.] The intestines; the guts. Slia/c. It is used 
in ludicrous language for the human belly. 

TRPPEDAL, trip'-e-dal. [See Trigonal.] a. [tres 

, and pes. Lat.] Having three feet. 
TRIPE'RSONAL*, trl-per'-sn-al. a. [tres, Lat.; 
and personal.'] Consisting of three persons. Milton. 
TRIPE'TALOUS. trl-peV-a-lfis. 119. a. [rptts and 
iriraXov.] Having a flower consisting of three 
leaves. 
TRIPHTHONG, trip'-*/i&ng.4]3. [See Ophthal- 
mick and Tragedian.] n.s. [rpeis and <pQoyyh-~\ 
A coalition of three vowels to form one sound : as, 
eau, exje. 
TRPPLES, trip'-pl. 405. a. [triple, Fr. ; triplex 
triplus, Lat.] Threefold ; consisting of three con- 
joined. Shale. Treble ; three limes repeated. Bur- 
net. 

946 






TRI 



TRI 



-no, move, ndr, not ;— (Abe, tftb, bftll ; — oil ;— pdAnd ;— tkm, THis. 



To TRIPLE, trlp'-pl. v. a. To treble ; to make 
thrice as much, or as many. Hooker. To make 
threefold. 
TRIPLET., trlp'-Iit. 99. n. s. Three of a kind. Swift. 

Three verses rhyming- together. Pope. 
TRI PLICATE, trn/-le-kare. a. [triplex, Lat.] 
Made thrice as much. Triplicate ratio, in geom- 
etry, is the ratio, of cubes to each other; which 
ought to l>c distinguished from triple. Harris. 
TRIPLICATION, trip-le-ka'-shun. n> s. The act 

of trebling or adding three together. Glanville^ 
TRIPLl'ClTY, trl-plls'-e-te. n. s. [triplicite, Fr. ; 
from triplex, Lat.] Trebleness; state of being 
threefold. Bacon. 
TRFPMADAM, trip'-mad-am. n. s. An herb. Mor- 
timer. 
TRIPOD, trl'-pod, or trip'-od. 544. n. s. [tripiis, 
Lat.] A seat with three feet, such as that from 
which the priestess of Apollo delivered oracles. 
Dryden. 
J>3" The first mode of pronouncing this word is that 
which is adopted by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Bailey, 
Buchanan, and Perry ; and the second, by Dr. Ash, Mr. 
N"ares* Mr. Scott, Entlck, and Fry. I do not hesitate 
to pronounce the former the most agreeable to English 
analogy; ~ot only because the prefixes bi and tri, 
when no other law forbids, ought to be made as distinct 
as possible, but because all words of two syllables, with 
the accent on the first, and having one consonant be- 
tween two vowels, ought, if custom does not absolutely 
forbid, to have the vowel in the first syllable long. This 
is the genuine English analogy ; the mode in which we 
pronounce all Latin words ot this form, let the quantity 
be what it will, 544; and the mode in which we should 
have pronounced all English words of this form, if an 
affectation of latinity had not often prevented us. For 
the same reason, therefore, that we pronounce biped, 
trigon, and trident, with the i long, we ought to adopt 
the first pronunciation of the word in question, and not 
the second. — See Drama. W. 

TRFPOLY, trfp'-po-le. n.s. [perhaps from the place 
whence it is brought.] A sharp cutting sand. New- 
ton. 

TRIPOS, trl'-p&s. n. s. A tripod. See Tripod. 
B. Jonson. 

TRI'PPER, tr?p'-pflr. 98. n. 5. O»e.who trips. 

TRIPPING, trip'-ping- 410. a. Quick; nimble. 
Milton. 

TRPPPING, trlp'-p?ng. n. s. Light dance. Milton. 

TRPPPINGLY, trlp'-phig-le. ad. With agility; 
with swift motion. Sluikspeare. 

TRIPTOTE, trlp'-t6te. n. s. [triptoton, Lat.] A 
noun used but in three cases. Clarke. 

TRIPU DIARY, trl-piV-de-a-re. a. [tripudium, Lat.] 
Performed by dancing. Brotcn. 

ToTRIPU'DIATEy*, trl-pu'-de-ate. v. n. [tripu- 
dio. Lat.] To dance. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

TRIPUDIATION, trl-pn-de-a'-shun. n. s. Act of 
dancing. 

TRIREME, trl'-reme. n. s. [triremis, Lat.] A gal- 
ley with three benches of oars on a side. 

TRISAGION*. n.s. [old Fr.; rpa$ and ayios, 
Gr.] A particular kind of hymn. Bp. Bull, 

TRISE'CTION, trl-sek'-sh&n. n. s. [tres and sectio, 
Lat.] Division into three equal parts : the trisec- 
tion of an angle is one of the desiderata of geom- 
etry. 

TRISTy*. trist. a. [trislis, Lat.] Sad; gloomy. 
Fair/ax. 

TRPSTFUL, tristful, a., [tristis, Lat.]. Sad; mel- 
ancholy ; gloomy ; sorrowful. Shakspeare. 

To TRISTFTIATE*, tris-tfsji'-e-ate, v- a- [tristitia. 
Lat.] To make sad or sorrowful. Feltlmm. Ob. T. 

TRISU'LC, trl'-s&lk. [See Tripod.] n. s. [trisul- 
cus, Lat.] , A thing of three points. Brown. 

TRISU'LCATE*. trl-sut'-kate. a. Having three 
points or forks. Old Ballad of St. George for Eng- 
land. 

TRISyLLA'RICAL, oV-sil-lab'-e-kal.SSS. a. Con- 
sisting ofj three syllables. 

TRISY'LLABLE^trls'-sIl-la-bl. 535. n.s. [trisylla- 
ba, Lnt.T A- word consisting of three syllables. 

TRITE y 4 '. trite, a, [iritus, Lat.] Worn out ; stale; 
common j not new. Brown; 



TRITELY*, trlte'-le. ad. In a trite or common wa\. 

TRITENESS, trlte'-nds. n. s. Staleness; common- 
ness. Wrangliam. 

TRITIIEISM, trl^/te km. n. s. [tritheisrx Fr. 
u»ct{ and Otdi, Gr.] The oDinion which holds three 
distinct Gods. Bp. Bull. 

TRITHEIST*, trl'-i/ie-ist. n. s. One who maintain* 
tritheism. Nelson. 

TIUTHEISTICK*, trl-tfie-ls'-tfk. «. Relating to 
tritheism. South. 

TRITHING*, tripling, n.s. [fcp.i3in£a, Sax 
whence triding, riding ; which see.] The trithing 
contains three or four hundreds, or the third part 
of a shire or province. Coicel. 

TRITICAL*, tr?t'-e-kal. a. [tritus, Lat.] Trite; 
common ; worn out. Warton. 

TRIT1CALNESS*, trn'-e-kal-nis. n.s. Triteness. 
Arbuthnot. 

TRFTURARLE, trlt'-tshu-ra-bl. a. [Iriturabk, Fr.] 
Possible to be pounded or comminuted. Brown, 

ToTRITURATEy*, truMshu-rate. v. a. [trituro, 
Lat.] To thresh ; to pound. Cockeram. Ob. T, 

TRITURATION, trit-tshu-ra'-shun. n. s.[Fr.] Re- 
duction of any substances to powder upon a stone 
with a muller, as colours are ground; it is also 
called levigation. Brown. 

TPJUMPHy, trl'-fimf. 116. n. s. [triumphus, Lat. ; 
triomphe, Fr.] Pomp with which a victory is pub- 
lickly celebrated. Bacon. State of being victori- 
ous. Milton. Victory ; conquest. Shak. Joy for 
success. Milton. Show; exhibition of masks 3 
stately procession. Bacon. A conquering card, now 
called trump. . < 

To TRPUMPH, trl-umf. v. n. [triumpha, Lat, ; tri- 
ompher, Fr.] To celebrate a victory with pomp ; 
to rejoice for victory. Job, xx, To obtain victory. 
Knolles. To insult upon an advantage gained, 
Shakspeare. 

$5= This verb, says Mr. Nares, was, even till Dryden's 
time, pronounced with the accent either on the first or 
last syllable. Acconting the last was according to 
the general rule. — See Principles, No. 503, (n.) But 
it is now, as Mr. Nares observes, invariably accented 
on the first, notwithstanding the analogy I have re- 
marked, and the general propensity to give a dissyl- 
lable noun and verb a different accentuation. 492. tV. 

To TRPUMPH*, trl'-fimf. v. a. To triumph over ; 

to subdue. B. Jonson. 
TRIUMPHAL, trl-umf'-al. 88. a. [triomphal, Fr. ; 

triumphalis, Lat.] Used in celebrating victory. 

Bacon. 
TRIUMPHAL, trl-umf-al. n.s. [triumphalia, Lat.] 

A token of victory. Milton, Ob. J. 
TRIUMPHANT, trl-umf-ant. a. [triumphans, Lat. ; 

triomphant, Fr.] Celebrating a. victory. South. 

Rejoicing as for victory. Milton, Victorious ; 

£ raced with conquest. Perkins. 
IUMPHANTLY, trl-umP-ant-le. ad. In a tri- 
umphant manner in token of victory ; joyfully as 
for victory, Shak. Victoriously; with success. 
Shak. With insolent exultation. South. 

TR1UMPHER, trf'-um-fur. 98. n, s, One who tri- 
umphs, Shakspeare 

TRIUMVIRATE, trl-urn'-ve-rat. ) n. s. [triumvira- 

TRIUWIRI, trl-W-ve-rl. .. \ lus or trium- 
viri, Lat.] A coalition qr concurrence of three 
me a, .Bacon. 

TRPUNE.. trl-ihnc'. a. [tres and unus, Lat.] At once 
three and one. Burnet. 

TRFUNITY* trl-yiV-ne-te. n. s. State of being tri- 
une.; the Trinity. More. 

TR, WANT*, n. s. A truant. Burton. 

TRPVET, triv'-ft. 99. n.s. See Trevet. Any 
-thing supported by three feet. Chapman. 

TRPVIAL v , triv'-yal., . 1 13. a. [Fr. ; irivialis, Lat.l 
Vile^ worthless; Y^g 31 ":} sup^as maybe picked 
up in the highway. Roscommon. Light'; trifling- ; 
. luw'mpmrtant ; inconsiderable. Fell. 
jTRPVIALLY, tr?v'-yaUe. ad. Commonly ; vulgar- 
ly; Bacon, L'ghtby ; inconsiderably. Toiler. 

TRPV J ALNESS, trlv'ryal-r^s, n.s, CommonnefsV 
vulgarity.' Lightness; unimportance. 
917 



TRO 



TRO 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ;- 



2b TROAT, trite, v. a. [With hunters.] To cry as 

a buck does at rutting time. Did. 
TROCAR, tr6'-kar. n. s. [corrupted from trois quart, 

Fr.] A chirurgical instrument. Sharp. 
TROCHATCAL, tr6-ka'-e-kal. 353. ) a. [trocliaXque, 
TROCHA'ICK* tro-ka'-lk. \ Fr. ; trocha- 

icus, Lat.] Consisting - of trochees. Dr. Warton. 
TROCHA'ICK*, trd-kk'-\k.n.s. Atrochaical verse. 

Dr. Warton. 
TROCHANTERS, tro-kan'-turz. n. s. [rpo X av- 
rrjpeg.] Two processes of the thigh-bone, called 
rotator major and minor, in which the tendons of 
many muscles terminate. Diet. 
TROCHEE §, tro'-ke. 353. n. s. [trochams, Lat. ; 
trochee, Fr. ; rpo^diog, Gr.] A foot used in Latin 
poetry, consisting of a long and short syllable. 
TROCHIL*.. 5 n. s. [trochilus, Lat.] A small 
TROCHILUS* ] sea-bird, said to get its meat 
out of the crocodile's mouth. Sir T. Herbert. A 
name sometimes given to the wren. 
TROCHI'LICK*, tr6-k?l'-ik. a. Having power to 

draw out, or turn round. Camden. 
TROCHI'LICKS, tr6-kll'-lks. n.s. [r P o X ihov, t 9 o- 

Xbs.) The science of rotatory motion.' Brown. 
TRO'CHINGS, tr6'-kfngz. n. s. The branches on a 

deer's head.' Ainsworth. 
TRO'CHISCH, tr<V-k?sh. n. s. [r^W*.] A kind 

of tablet or lozenge. Bacon. 
TRO'CHITE*. n.s. [trochite, Fr.,from t 9 o X » s> Gr.] 

A kind of figured fossil stone! Bp. Nicolson. 
TROD, trod. ; part. pass, of tread. St. 

TRODDEN, trod'-d'n. \ Luke, xxi. 
TRODE, trod. The pret. of tread. Judges, ix. 
TRODE, trod. n. s. [from trode, pret. of ' tread. \ Foot- 
ing. Spenser. 
TROGLODYTE, t^g'-lo-due. 155. n.s. [rpcoyXo- 
<Wfo.l One who inhabits caves of the earth. 
Howell. 
To TROLL §, troll. 406. v. a. [trollen, Dutch.] To 
move circularly ; to drive about. B. Jonson. To 
move volubly. Milton. To utter volubly, [per- 
haps from tralla, Su, Goth.] Shak. [troler, Fr.] To 
draw on. Hammond. 
To TROLL, troll. 318. v.n. To go round; to be 
moved circularly. To roll ; to run round. Swift, 
[troler, Fr.] To fish for a pike with a rod which has 
a pulley towards the bottom. Gay. 
TRO'LLOP, tr&l'-lfip. 166. n.s. A slattern ; a wo- 
man loosely dressed. Milton. 
TROLLOPE'E*, tr6l-1o-pe;. n. s. A kind of loose 

dress for women, not now in use. Goldsmith. 
TRO'LMYDAMES, trdl'-me-damz. n. s. [trou-ma- 

dame, Fr.] The game of nine-holes. Shakspeare. 
TRONAGE, trun'-klje. n.s. Money paid for weigh- 
ing. 
TROOP §, tr63p. 306. n. s. [troupe, Fr. ; troppa, 
Ital. •, troope, Dut. ; trop, S'.ved.] A company; a 
number of people collected together. Shak. A 
body of soldiers. Dryden. A small body of cav- 
alry. 
To TROOP, iroSp. v.n. To march in a body. 
Shak. To march in haste. Shak. To march in 
companv. Shakspeare. 
TROOPER, troSp'-ur. 98. n. s. A horse soldier, 

that fights only on horseback. Grew. 
TROPE §, tripe, n. s. [rpunog, Gr.; trope, Fr. ; tro- 
pins, Lat.] A change of a word from its original 
signification : as, The cloudsforetell rain, for fore- 
show. Dryden. 
TRO'PHIED, trf^-fld. 283. a. Adorned with tro- 
phies. Pope. 
TROPHY, tro'-fe. 413. n.s. [trophceum, Lat.] Some- 
thing shown or treasured up in proof of victory. 
Spenser. 
TRO'PICAL, trop'-e-kal. 509. a. Rhetorically 
changed from the original meaning. Brown, [from 
tropick.] Placed near the tropick ; belonging to the 
tropick. Salmon, 
TRO PICALLY*, tr&p'-e-kal-le. ad. Figuratively. 

SJiakspeare, 
TRO'PICK^ tr6p'-fk. 544. n,s. [tropique, Fv.;trop- 
i icus, Lat.] The line at which the sun turns back, of 



which the north has the tropick of Cancer, and the 
south the tropick of Capricorn. Waller 
TROPIST*, tnV-plst. n. s. [tropiste, Fr.] One who 
deals in tropes : a name also given to a sect which 
pretended to explain the Scriptures altogether by 
tropes and figures. 

TROPOLO'GICAL.tiVpi-todje'-e-kll. «• Varied 
by tropes ; changed from the original import of the 
words. Burton. 

TROPOLOGY, tr6-p&l'-6-ie. n. s. [rp<5 TO? and \6 
yog.] A rhetorical mode or speech including tropes. 
or a change of some word from the original mean 
ing. Brown. 

TROSSERS, tr&s'-sfirz. n.s. [trousses, Fr.] Breech- 
es ; hose. Shakspeare. 

To TROT H trot. v. HI [trotter, Fr. ; trotten, Dutch.] 
To move with a high, jolting pace. Shak. To walk 
fast ; or, to travel on foot : In a ludicrous or con- 
temptuous sense 

TROT, trot.rc.s. [trot, Fr., Germ., Dutch.] The jolt- 
ing, high pace of a horse. Herbert, [trot, Germ.] 
An old woman, in contempt. Sliakspeare. 

TROTH§, tr&tfi. n. s. [trhuth, old Eng.; fcneoS 
Sax.] Belief; faith ; fidelity. Shak. Truth ; veri 
ty. Addison. 

TRO'THLESS, irkh'-\h. a. Faithless ; treachei 
ous. Fairfax. 

To TRO'THPLIGHT*, trM'-pllte. v. a. To affi- 
ance; to betroth. Shakspeare. 

TRO'THPLIGHT*, tr&tfi'-plhe. n. s. The act of 
plighting troth; the act of betrothing. Shakspeare. 

TROTTER, tr&t'-tftr. n. s. One that walks a jolt 
ing pace ; one that runs up and down. Huloet. A 
sheep's foot. Skelton. 

TRO'UBADOUR*,irW-b&-ti>br. n.s. [old Fr.] 
An early poet of Provence. Harris. 

To TROUBLE §, trftb'-bl. 314. n. a. [troubler, Fr.; 
tpibulan, Sax.] To disturb; to perplex. Shak. 
To afflict; to grieve. Sidney. To distress; to 
make uneasy. Clarendon. To busy; to engage 
overmuch. St. Luke, x. To give occasion of la- 
bour to : a word of civility or slight regard. Locke. 
To tease ; to vex. Shak. To disorder ; to put into 
agitation or commotion. St. John, v. In low lan- 
guage : to sue for a debt. 

TROTJBLE, trub'-bl. 405. n. s. [Fr.] Disturbance ; 
perplexity. Milton. Affliction; calamity. Shak. 
Molestation ; obstruction ; inconvenience. Milton. 
Uneasiness ; vexation. Milton. 

TRO'UBLE STATE, trub'-bl-state. n. s. [trouble 
and state.] Disturber of a community; publick 
makebate. Daniel. 

TRO'UBLER, truLV-bl-ur. 98. n. s. Dirturber ; con- 
founder. Spenser. 

TROUBLESOME, trub'-bl-sum. a. Vexatious ; un- 
easy; afflictive. Shak. Full of molestation. Alter- 
bun/. Burdensome; tiresome; wearisome. Pope. 
Full of teasing business. Sidney. Slightly harass.- 
ing. Milton. Unseasonably engaging ; improperly 
importuning. Spenser. Importunate ; teasing. Ar- 
buthnot. 

TROUBLESOMELY, trub'-bl-s&m-le. ad. Vexa 
tiously; wearisomely; unseasonably; importu 
nately. Locke. 

TROUBLESOMENESS, trfib'-bl-srtm-nes. n. s. 
Vexatiousness ; uneasiness. Bacon. Importunity; 
unseasonableness. 

TRO'UBLOUS, trfib'-bl-fis. 314. a. Tumultuous; 
confused ; disordered ; put into commotion. Spen 
ser. 

TROUGH, trof. 321, 391. n. s. [tjiotf, fcjiho, Sax.] 
Any thing hollowed and open longitudinally on the 
upper side. Bacon. 

To TROUL, trole. 318. See 2b Troll. 

To TROUNCE, trounse. 313. v. a. [tronc or troncon, 
Fr.] To punish by an indictment or information ; 
to punish severely. South. 

TROUSE, trMze. 313. )n.s. iHtux Fr.; trius, 

TROTJSERS, tr6u'-surz. \ insn.J Breeches ; long 
breeches ; pantaloons. Spenser. 

TROUT, tr6ut. 313. n. s. [fcpuhfc, 3ax/[ A delicate, 
spotted fish, inhabiting brooks and quick streams- 
948 






TRU 



TRU 



— no, move, ndx, n6tj — tube, tfth, ball;-— 611; — pound; — th'm, this. 



me. A familiar phrase lor an honest, or por- 
bapfs lor a sillv fellow. Shakspedn. 

TRO V ER, tro'-vftr. 98. n. s. [trouver, Fr.] [Tn the 
common law.] An action whirl, a man hath against 
one that, bavmg found any of his gotfds; reftiseth to 
deliver them upon demand. Ctittw 

7VTRO\V,tr6. 324. v.n. [fro, Sir. Gdtn\ ; b-Wan, 
Si. Goth.] To think; to imagine; to conecive. 
^ Sidney. To believe. Sfiakspmre. Oh. J. 

TROW", ti-6. inlerj. An exclamation of inquiry. 
Shaksjxare. 

TROWEL. tr6iV-ll. 99, 322. n. s. [tmcllc. Fr. ; Ind- 
ia. Lat.] A tool to take up the mortar with, and 
spread i i on the bricks; with which also they cut 
the bricks to such lengths as they have occasion, 
and also stop the joints. Moxon. Any coarse in- 
strument. Shakspeare. 

To TROWL*. See To Troll. 

THO WSBRS*. See Trouse. 

TROY, icde. 3'2!). ) n . s. [from Troves, 

TROY- WEIGHT, troe'-wate. \ Fr.] A kind of 
fhj by which gold and bread are weighed, con- 
sisting of these denominations : a pound = 12 
ounces ; ounce = 20 pennyweights ; pennyweight 
= 24 srrains. Arbnthnot. 

TRU'ANT §, tro.V-ant. 33!). *. s. [truand, old Fr. ; 
treuicant, Dutch.] An idler; one who wanders 
idly about, neglecting his duty or employment. 
To play the truant is. in schools, to stay from 
school without leave. Gower. 

TRU^ANT, trdo'-ant. 88. a. Idle ; wandering from 
business; lazv; loitering. Shakspeare. 

To TRU' ANT', troo'-ant. v. n. {inlander, Fr. ; tru- 
wanten, old Germ.] To idle at a distance from du- 
ty ; to loiter; to be lazv. Shakspeare. 

TRU'ANTLY* troS'-aiit-le. a. Like a truant. Bp. 
Taylor. 

TRL'ANTSHIP, troo'-ant-shfp. n.s. Idleness; neg- 
ligence; neglect of study or business. Ascham. 

TRUBS, trfibz. v. s. A sort of herb. Ainsivorth. 

TRU BTA1L, trub'-tale. n.s. [tmbbig, Swed. ; and 
tail.] A short, squat woman. Ainsivorth. 

TRUCE, trOose. 339. n. s. [trenga, Germ. ; tregna, 
Span, and Ital.] A temporary peace ; a cessation of 
hostilities. Cessation; intermission; short quiet. 
Milton. * 

TRU'CHMAN* trntsh'-man. > n. s. [thirgem, 

TRUDGEMAN*. trfidje'-man. \ Heb.] An in- 
terpreter. Bedicell. 

TRUCIDA'TION, tr65-se-da'-shun. n. s. [trucido. 
Eat.] The act of killing. Cockeram. 

To TRUCK $, truk. v. n. [troquer, Fr. ; tntccare, Ital. ; 
trocar. Span.] To traffick by exchange ; to give 
one commodity for another. Burke. 

To TRUCK, truk. v. a. To give in exchange ; to 
exchange. Dryden. 

TRUCK, truk. n. s. Exchange ; traffick by ex- 
change. Dryden. [rpo^di.] Wooden wheels for 
carriage of cannon. A kind of carriage, with low 
wheels, for any heavy weights. 

TRUCKAGE*, truk'-ldje. ii)s. The practice of 
trafficking by exchange. Milton. 

TRU'CKER*. tr&k'4r. n. s. One who trafficks by 

exchange. South. 
To TRUCKLE, tr&k'-kl. 40.5. r. n. To be in a state 
of subjection or inferiority ; to yield ; to creep. 
dmrebind. 

TRU'CKLEBED, trftk'-kl-beU ) n. s. [properly 

TRUNDLEBED, tran'-d-l-beU } trcclebed ; from 
trochlea, Lat., or rpoxh, Gr.] A bed that runs on 
wheels under a higher bed. Shaksppare. 

TRU'CULENCEMroo'-kA-Iense. ) n. s. [trucu- 

TRU'CULENCY $* troo'-ku-len-se. f lentia. Lat.] 
Savageness of manners. Waierhouse. Terribleness 
of aspect. 

TRU'CULENT, tr&6'-ku-lent. [SeeMucTjLENTj a. 
[tntculentus ? Lat.] Savage; barbarous. Ray. Ter 
rihle of aspect. Sandys. Destructive; cruel. Harvey. 
To TRUDGE, tr&dje. r. n. [truggiolare, Ital.] To 
travel laboriously; to jog on ; to march heavily on 
Shakspeare. 
TRUE$, tr6S. 339. a. [tpeopa.tpupa, Sax. ; treice, 



Germ.] Not false; not erroneous; agreeing with 
fact, or with the nature of things. Spenser. Not 
false; agreeing with our own thoughts. Pure from 
the crime of falsehood ; veracious. Prov. xiv. 
Genuine ; real ; not counterfeit. 1 John, ii. Faith- 
ful ; not perfidious ; steady. Shale. Honest ; not 
fraudulent. Shak. Exact ; conformable to a rule. 
Drydeti. Rightful. Milton. 

TR I ' KP.ORlV. troO'-born. a. [true and born.] Hav- 
ing a right by birth to any title. Siia/ispeare. 

TRU'EBRED.trno'-brSd. a. Of a right breed. Sluxk. 

TRUEME'ARTED, troo-hari'-e'd. a. Honest; faith- 
ful. Shakspeare. 

TRU/ELOVE, irfio'-Ifiv. n. s. An herb. Gerarde. A 
sweetheart; Donne. 

TRU'ELOVEKNOT, troo-lav-n&t'. ) „ _ 

TRU'ELOVERSKNOT,tr66-lav-arz-n&t'. S 

[true, love, and knot.] Lines drawn through each 
other with many involutions, considered as the em- 
blem of inter-woven affection. Hudibras. 

TRU'ENESS, trfid'-nSs. n.s. Sincerity ; faithfulness. 
Bacon. 

TRU'EPENNY,tr65'-pen-ne. n.s. [true and penny.] 
A familiar phrase for an honest fellow. Shak. 

TRU'FFLE, tro&'-fl. [truf-fl, Perry.] n. s. [imjle, 
truffe, Fr.] A subterraneous mushroom. Ray. 

{0= This word ought either to have the u short, or be 
written with only one /. The latter of these altera- 
tions is, perhaps, the most practicable, as we seem in- 
clined rather to part with a hundred letters than give 
up the smallest tendency to a foreign pronunciation. 
W. 

TRUG, trug. n.s. A hod for mortar. 

TRU'ISM*, tr66'-lzm. n.s. A self-evident and uude- 
niable truth. Pegge. 

TRULL, trull, n.s. [drollen, TeuL] A girl ; a lass; 
a wench. Turbervile. A low whore ; a vagrant 
strumpet. Shakspeare. 

TRU'LY, trSS'-le. ad. According to truth ; not false- 
ly ; faithfully; honestly. Sidney. Really ; without 
fallacy. Milton. Exactly ; justly. South. Indeed: 
a slight affirmation, almost expletive. Wotton. 

TRUMP§, trump, n. s. [trompe, Dutch, and old Fr. j 
tromba. Ital.] A trumpet; an instrument of warlike 
musick Shak. [corrupted from triumph.] A win- 
ning can a card that has particular privileges in 
a game. Ivy. An old game at cards. Gamin. 
Gw-ton's Needle. — To put to or upon the trumps. 
To nut to the last expedient. Dryden. 

To TRUMP, trump, v. a. To win with a trump card. 
[tromper, Fr.] To impose upon. B. Jonson. To 
obtrude ; to force ; to obtrude fallaciously. South. 
— To tnirnp up. To devise ; to forge. Young. 

To TRUMP* trump, v. n. To blow, a trumpet. 
Wicliffe. To play a trump card ; to interpose as 
with a trump card ; to be an impediment. Bp 
Hall. 

TRU'MPERY, trump'-er-e. 555. n. s. [tromperie, Fr.j 
Something fallaciously splendid ; something of less 
value than it seems. Shakspeare. Falsehood J 
empty talk. Raleigh. Something of no valae > 
trifles. Milton. 

TRU'MPET§, tr&mpMt. 99. n. s. [trompeile, Fr. and 
Dutch.] An instrument of martial musick sounded 
by the breath. Shak. In military style, a trumpet- 
er. Clarendon. One who celebrates ; one who 
praises. Bacon. 
To TRU'MPET, tr&mpMt. v. a. [trompelter, Fr.] To 
publish by sound of trumpet; to proclaim. Shak. 

TRU'MPETER, trump '-it-fir. 98. n. s. One who 
sounds a trumpet. Shak. One who proclaims 
publishes, or denounces. Bacon. A fish. Ains 
worth . 

TRU'MPET-FLOWER, tr&mp'-h-flou-fir. n. s. A 
tubulous flower. Miller. 

TRU'MPET-TONGUED, trump'-ft-tungd. 359. a. 
Having a tongue vociferous as a trumpet. Sliak. 

TRU'MPLIKE, trump'-llke. a. Resembling a trum- 
pet. Chapman. 
To TRU'NCATE§, trung'-kate. 91,408. v. a. \trrm- 
co, Lat.] To maim ; to lop ; to cut short : an heral- 
dic!; word applied to trees. Dr. Sliaw. 
949 



TRU 



TUF 



(CF 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat, — me, mh; — pine, pin;- 



TRUNCA'TION, trun-ka'-shfin. 408. n. s. The act 
of lopping or maiming. Prynne. 

TRUNCHEONS, trtW-sh6n. 295. n. s. [trongon, 
Fr.] A short staff j a club ; a cudgel. Spenser. A 
staff of command . Sha/cspeare. 

To TRU'NCHEON, trfin'-shun, v. a. To beat with a 
truncheon. Shakspeare. 

TRUNCHEONE'ER, trfin-sh&n-eer'. n.s. One arm- 
ed with a truncheon. SMkspeare. 

To TRU'NDLES, tr&n'-dl: 405. v.n. [trondeler, 
Picard Fr. ; tpenbl, Sax.] To roll ; to bowl along. 
Addison. 

To TRU'NDLE*, trun'-dl. v. a. To bowl; to roll. 
Lovelace. 

TRU'NDLE, trfin'-dl. n. s. [fcpenbl, Sax. ; trendyl, 
»'d Eng.] Any round, rolling thing. Abp. Cran- 
mer. 

TRU'NDLEBED*. S'ee Trucklebed. 

TRU'NDLE-TAIL, tr&n'-dl-tale. n. s. Round-tail ; 
a kind of dog. SJiakspeare. 

TRUNKS, trungk. 408. n.s. [truwns, Lat. ; tronc, 
Fr.] The body of a tree. Shak. The body with- 
out the limbs of an animal. Spenser. The main 
body of any thing. Ray. A chest for clothes j 
sometimes a small chest commonly lined with paper. 
Sliak. The proboscis of an elephant, or other ani- 
mal. Milton. A long tube through which pellets 
of clay are blown. Bacon. 

To TRUNK, trungk. v: a. [(runco, Lat.] To trun- 
cate ; to maim ; to lop. Spenser. Ob. J. 

TRU'NKED, trungk'-ed, or trungkt. a. Having a 
trunk. Howell. 

TRUNK-HOSE, trungk'-h6ze. n. s. [trunk and hose.] 
Large breeches formerly worn. Prior. 

TRU'NNIONS, trun'-y&nz. 113. n.s. [trognons, Fr.] 
The knobs or bunchings of a gun, that bear it on 
the cheeks of a carriage. Bailey. 

TRU SION, trSo'-zhSn. 451. n. s. [trudo, Lat.] The 
act of thrusting or pushing. Bentbzy. 

TRUSS $, trfis. n.s. [trousse, Fr.] A bandage by 
which ruptures are restrained from lapsing. Wise- 
man. Bundle ; any thing thrust close together. 
Spenser. Trouse ; breeches. 

To TRUSS, tnis. v. a. [trousser, Fr.] To pack up 
close together. Spenser. 

TRUSTS, trust, n.s. [traust, Run.] Confidence; re- 
liance on another. Shak. Charge received in con- 
fidence; DenJiam. Confident opinion of any event. 
Milton. Credit given without examination. Locke. 
Credit on promise of payment. Raleigh. Some- 
thing committed to one's faith. Bacon. Deposit; 
something committed to charge, of which an ac- 
count must be given. Swift. Confidence in sup- 
posed honesty. Tob. x. State of him to whom 
something is intrusted. Shakspeare. 

To TRUST, trust, v. a. To place confidence in ; to 
confide in. B. Jonson. To believe ; to credit. 
Sliak. To admit in confidence to the power over 
any thing, Bp. Taylor. To commit with confi- 
dence. Dryden. To venture confidently. Milton. 
To sell upon credit. 

To TRUST 'Hast, w. n. To be confident of something 
future. 2 Joan. To have confidence ; to rely ; to 
depend without doubt. Isa. li., To be credulous ; 
to be won to confidence; Shakspeare. To expect. 
V Estrange. 

TRUSTE'E, trns-t£e'. n.s. One^ intrusted with any 
thing. Bp. Taylor. One to whom something is 
committed for the use a'n'd behoof of another. Dry- 
den. 

TRUSTER, trust'-ur, n. s. One who trusts. Shak. 

TRU'STILY*, tra'st'-eMe. ad. Honestly ; faithfully ; 
with fidelity. Wkliffe. 

TRUSTINESS, trSst'-e-nes. n. s. Honesty ; fideli- 
ty ; faithfulness. Grew. 

TRU'STLESS, tr&st'-les. a. Unfaithful ; unconstant ; 

not to be trusted. Spenser. , 
TRU'STY, trust'-o. a. [from tintst.] Honest; faithful ; 
true; fit to be trusted. Shak. Strong; stout; such 
as w.,ilf not fail. Spenser. 
TRUTHS, trbbth. 339,467. n.s. [fcpeopSe, Sax.] 
The contrary to falsehood ; conformity of rib'tions to 



things. Conformity of words to thoughts. Milton. 
Purity from falsehood. Shak. Right opinior 
Harte. Fidelity; constancy. Shak. Honesty 
virtue. Sliak. It is used sometimes by way of co4 
cession. Si. Matt. xv. Exactness ; conformity to 
rule. Mortimer. Reality ; real state of things 
BeaUie.—Of a truth, or in truth. In reality. 2 
Kings, xix. 

TRU'THFUL*, tMth'-f ul. a. Full of truth. Ber 
irio-ton. 

TRUTHLESS*, trdM'-les. a. Wanting truth; faith 
less ; wanting reality. Fuller. 

TRUTINA'TION, troo-te-na'-shun. n.s. [trutina 
Lat.] The act of weighing ; examination by the 
scale. Brovm. 

To TRYS, trl. 39. v. a. [trier, FrJ To examine ; to 
make experiment of. SImk. To experience ; to 
assay ; to have knowledge or experience of. Mil- 
ton. To examine as a judge. To bring before a 
judicial tribunal. To bring to a decision. 2 Mace. 
xiv. To act on as a test. Shak. To bring as to a 
test. James, i. To essay ; to attempt. Milton. To 
purify ; to refine. Milton. To use as means. Swift. 

To TRY, trl. v. n. To endeavour ; to attempt ; to 
make essay. Wotlon. , 

TUBS, tub. n. s. [tobbe, lubbe, Dutch.] A large, open 
vessel of wood. Bacon. , A stale of salivation ; so 
called because ihe patient was formerly sweated 
in a tub. Shakspeare. 

TUBE, tube. n. s. [Fr. ; tubus, Lat.] A pipe ; a si 
phon ; a long, hollow body. Roscommon. 

TU'BERCLE, tu'-ber-kl. 405. n. s. [tubercule, Fr. ; 
tuberculum, Lat.] A small swelling or excrescence 
on the body ; a pimple. Sewell. 

TU BEROSE, tiibe'-rdze. n. s. A flower. Mortimer. 

TUBEROUS, uV-ber-us. 314. a. [tubereux, Fr. , 
tuber, Lat.] Having prominent knots or excres- 
cences. Woodward. 

TU'BULAR, tiV-bu-lar. a. [tubulus, Lat.] Resem- 
bling a pipe or trunk; consisting of a pipe; long 
and hollow ; fislular. Grew. 

TABULATED, tu'-bu-la-ted. )a. [tubulus, Lat.] 

TU'BULOUS, uV-bii-lus. 314.$ Fistular; longi- 
tudinally hollow. Derham. 

TU'BULES, tiV-bule. 503. n. s. [tubulus, Lat.] A 
small pipe, or fistular body. Woodward. 

TUCH*, tutsh. n. s. A kind of marble. Sir T. Her 
bert. 

TUCK S, tiik. n. s. [tweca, Welsh ; estoc, Fr. ; stocco, 
Ital.] A long, narrow sword. Shak. A kind of 
net. Carew. ^ A kind of fold. A sort of pull ; a 
kind of lugging, [tucken, Teut.] Life of A. Wood. 

To TUCK, tiik. v. a. [tucken, Germ.] To gather 
into a narrower compass ; to crush together ; to 
hinder from spreading. Addison. To enclose, by 
tucking clothes round. Locke. 

To TUCK, t&k. v. n. To contract. Sharp. , 

TU'CKER, tflk'-ur. 98. n. s. A small piece of linen 
that shades the breast of women. Addison. 

TU'CKET*, .tSk'-It. )n.s. [tocchetti, Ital.] A steak; 

TU'CET*, tu'-s?t. ] a col lop. Bp. Taylor, [toc- 
cata, Ital.] A kind of flourish or prelude on a trum- 
pet. Shakspeare. 

TU'CKETSONANCE, tfik'-?t-z6-nanse. n.s. The 
sound of the tucket. Sliakspeare. 

TU'EL, tu'-ll. n. s. [tuyeau, Fr.] The anus. Skinner 

TU'ESDAY, tuze'-de. 223, 335. n.s. [fcuepbaeS, 
Sax. ; tu, tip, Sax., is Mars.] The third day of 
the week. 

TUFTS, tuft. n. t [tuffe, old Fr. ; 'Supe, Sax.] A 
number of threads or ribands, flowery leaves, or any 
small bodies, joined together. Baton. A cluster; a 
plump. Sidney. , . 

To TUFT, tuft. v. a. To separate into tufts, or little 
clusters. Drayton. To adorn with a tuft. Thom- 
son. , . - ,.■■.- 

TUFTA'FFATY, t&f-taf-fa-te. n.s. A villous kind 
of silk. Donne. 

TUTTED, taf-ted. a. Growing in tufts or clusters. 
Milton. . 

TU'FTY, tuf-te. a. Adorned with tufts ; growing in' 
tufts. Dfdyiori: 

950 



TUM 



TUR 



— n6, move, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull; — fill ;— pound ;— dim, this. 



7'<> TUG $, t«g- "•«• [ti^an. teo^an, Sax.] To 
pull with strength long continued in the utmost ex- 
ertion ; to draw. Chapman. To pull ; to pluck. 
Shakspeare. 
To TUG. tug. v. n. To pull ; to draw. Sandys. To 
labour ; to contend ; to struggle. Shaksjieare. 

TUG, tag. n. s. PuH performed with the utmost ef- 
fort. Drt/den. 

TV GGER, tog'-gur. 98. n. s. One that tugs or pulls 
hard. Shencooa. 

TU'GGINGLY*, tfig'-glng-le. ad. Willi difficulty. 
Baiteu. 

TUITION, u'.-ish-im. 462. n.s. [old Yr.;tuUio, 
from tutor, Lat.] Guardianship ; superintendent 
care; care of a guardian or tutor. Sidney. 

TU'LH*$, ItV-llp. ?i. s. [tuiipe, Fr. ; tulipa,~Lal.] A 
dower. Miller. 

Ti; LIPTREE, tu -lip-tree. n.s. A tree which grows 
in North America, so called because the shape of 
its flowers in some degree resembles a tulip. Ma- 



To TU MBLE $, t&m'-bl. 405. v. n. [tommelen, Dutch ;. 
tombolare, ltal. ; cumbian, Sax.] To fall ; to come 
suddenly and violently lo the ground. Slmk. To 
fall in great quantities tumultuously. Bacon. To 
roll about. Sidney. To play tricks by various li- 
gations of the body. Rente. 
To TU'MBLE, turn -bl. v. a. To turn over ; to throw 
about by way of examination. Bacon. To throw- 
by chance or violence. Locke. To throw down. 
Shakspeare. 

TUMBLE. uW-bl. 405. n.s. A fall. U Estrange. 

TUMBLER, tum'-bl-ur. 98. n.s. One who shows 
postures by various contortions of body, or feats of 
activity. Wilkins. A large drinking glass. A 
particular species of pigeon. A sort of dog. Swan. 

TU MBREL, tum'-brll. 99. n. «. [iumeref, old Fr., 
tomhereau, modern.} A dung cart. Tusser. 

TUMEFA CTION, tu-me-fak'-shun. n. s. [tumefac- 
lio, Lat.] Swelling. Arbuihnot. 

To TUMEFY $, tu'-me-fl. 462. v. a. [tumefacio, 
Lat.] To swell ; to make to swell. Sharp. 

TUMID, uV-mld. 462. a. [tumidus, Lat.] Swelling ; 
puffed up. Protuberant; raised above the level. 
Mihon. Pompous ; boastful 3 puffy ; falsely sub- 
lime. Boyle. 

TUMOROUS, uV-mur-us. 462. a. Swelling; protu- 
berant. Wotton. Fastuous ; vainly pompous; false- 
Iv magnificent. B. Jonson. 

TUMOUR^, tiV-mur. 314,462. n. s. [tumor, Lat.l 
A morbid swelling. Wiseman. A swell or rise or 
water. B. Jonson. Affected pomp ; false magnifi- 
cence ; puffy grandeur ; swelling mien ; unsubstan- 
tial greatness. Wotton. 

TU MOURED*, ttV-murd. a. Distended ; swollen ; 
puffed up. Junius. 

TUMP*, tump. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of umbo, 
Lat.] The knoll of a hill. Ainsicorth. 

7*0 TUMP. lump. v.a. [among gardeners.] To fence 
trees about with earth. 

To TUMULATE, tu'-mirliie. 462. v. n. [tumulo, 
Lat] To swell. Boyle, b 

TU'MULOSE, tu-mu-lose't 462. a. 
Full of hills. Bailey. 

TUMULO'SITY, tu-mu-los'-e-te. n. s. [tumulus, 
Lat.] Hilliness. Bailey. 

TU''MULT$, uV-mnit. 462. n. s. [tumult*, Fr. ; tumnl- 
tus, Lat.] A promiscuous commotion in a multitude. 
Pope. A multitude put into wild commotion. A 
stir; an irregular violence; a wild commotion. 
Slutkspeare. 

To TU'MULT*, tu'-mult. v. n. To make a tumult ; 
to be in wild commotion. Milton. 

TU'MULTER*, tu'-mnlt-Qr. n. s. One who makes a 
tumult : a rioter. Milton 



Bacon. Restless; put into irregular commotion. 

Atterbury. 
To TUMU'LTUATE, tu-mfil'-tshu-ate. v n. [tw 
multuor, Lat.] To make a tumult ; to rage. South. 
TUMULTUA'TION, tu-mul-tshu-a'-shfin. n. s. Ir- 
regular and confused agitation. Boyle. 
TUMULTUOUS, tu-mul'-tshu-us. a. [tumullue*.:, 
Fr.] Violently carried on by disorderly multitudes 
Spenser. Put into violent commotion ; irregularly 
and confusedly agitated. Milton. Turbulent; vio- 
lent. Sliakspeure. Full of tumult! Sidney. 
TUMU'LTUOUSLY, tu-mfll'-tshu-us-le. ad. By act 
of the multitude ; with confusion and violence. Ba- 
con. 
TUMU'LTUOUSNESS*, lu-m&lMshu-us-nes. n. s. 

State of being tumultuous. Hammond. 
TUN $. tin. n. s. [cunne, Sax. ; tonne, Dutch - y tonne, 
tonneau, Fr.] A large cask. Milton. The measure 
of four hogsheads. Any large quantity,, proverbial- 
ly. Sliak. A drunkard : in burlesque. Dryden. 
The weight of two thousand pouuds. A cubick 
space in a ship, supposed to contain a tun. Heylin. 
To TUN, tun. v. a. To put into casks ; to barrel. 

Bacon. 
TU NABLE, tu'-na-bl. 405, 463. a. [from tune.) 

Harmonious ; musical. Sliakspeare. 
TU'NABLENESS, uV-na-bl-nes. n.s. Harmony; 

melodiousness. Sherwood. 
TUNABLY, tu'-na-ble. ad. Harmoniously; melodi- 
ously. Skelton. 
TUN-DISH, tun'-dlsh. n. s. [from tun and dish.] A 

tunnel. Shakspeare. 
TUNE§, tune. 462. n.s. [toon, Dutch; ton, Swed. : 
tuono, ltal. ; tone, Fr. ; tonus, Lat.] A diversity ot 
notes put together. Locke. Sound; note. Sliak. 
Harmony ; order ; concert of parts. K. Charles. 
Slate of giving the due sounds: as, The fiddle is in 
turn, or out of tune. Proper state for use or appli- 
cation; right disposition; fit temper; proper hu- 
mour. Locke. State of any thing with respect to 
order. Shakspeare. 
To TUNE, tune. 462. v.a. To put into such a state, 
as that the proper sounds may be produced. Milton. 
To sing harmoniously. Milton. To put into order, 
so as to produce the proper effect. Siwkspeare. 
To TUNE, tune. v. n. To form one sound 10 another. 
Drayton. To utter with the voice inarticulate har- 
mony. 
TU'NEFUL, uW-ful.a. Musical ; harmonious. Milt. 
TU'NELESS, tune'-les. 462. a. Unharmonious: un- 
musical. Spenser. 
TU'NER, tu'-nur. 98. n. <;. One who tunes. Shak. 
TU'NICK §, tu'-nlk. [See Drama.] n. s. [fcuneee, 
Sax. ; tunique, Fr.; tunica, Lat.] Part of the Ro- 
man dress. Arbuthnot. Natural covering ; integu- 
ment ; tunicle. Harvey. 
I TU'NICLE, tu'-ne-kl. 405. n. s. Natural cover; in- 
tegument. Ray. Formerly a kind of cope worn 
by the officiating clergy. Bale. 
TU'NING*, tu'-nlng. n. s. Act of singing or play- 
ing in concert; act or method of putting into tune. 
Milton, 
[iumulosus, Lat.] jlTU'NNAGE, uV-nfdje. 90. n.s. [from ton.] Con 
tent of a vessel measured by the tun. Arbuthnot. 
Tax laid by the tun ; as, to levy tunnage. 
TU'NNEL, tun'-nll. 99. n. s. [tcenel, Sax.] The 
shaft of a chimney; the passage for the smoke. A 
funnel ; a pipe by which liquor is poured into ves- 
sels. Bacon. A net wide at the mouth, and ending 
in a point, and so resembling a funnel or tunnel. 
To TU'NNEL, tun'-nll. v. a. To form like a lunnel. 
Derham. To catch in a net. To make network; 
to reticulate. Derham. 
TU'NNY, tun'-ne. n.s. [tonnen, ltal.; tiiynnus, Lat.] 
' A sea-fish. Carew. 



TUMU LTUAR1LY, tu-mul'-tshu-a-re-le. 462. ad. | TUP $, tup. n. s. [not known of what original.] A 

ram. 
To TUP, top. v. n. To butt like a ram. 
To TUP*, tup. v. a. To cover as a ram. 
TU'RBAN, uV-bun. ^ 88. n. s. [Turkish.] The 
TU'RBAND, uV-bund. > cover worn by the Turks 
TU'RBANT, uV-bunt. > on their heads. ShaA. 
951 



[n a tumultuary manner. Sandy. 

TUMU LTUARINESS, tu-mul'-tshu-a-re-nes. 462. 
n. s. Turbulence ; inclination or disposition to tu- 
mults or commotions. King Charles. 

TUMU LTUARY, tu-mfil'-tshu-a-re. a. [tumultu- 
aire i Fr.] Disorderly ; promiscuous ; confused. 



TUR 



TUR 



O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; 



TU'RBANED.uV-bun'd. 359. a. Wearing a turban; 

dressed with a turban. Shakspeare. 
TU RBARY, tur'-ba-re. n. s. [herbaria, low Lat., from 

turf.} The right of digging turf. Skinner. The 

6 lace where turfs are digged. Coivel. 
RBID$, uV-bid. a. [turbidus, Lat.] Thick 3 
muddv; not clear. Bacon. 

TU'RBIDLY*, uV-b?d-le. ad. Haughtily; proudly : 
a lalinism. Young. 

TU RBIDNESS, uV-bid-nes. n.s. Muddiness; thick- 
ness. 

TURBINATED §, tur'-be-na-ted. a. [turbinate, 
Lat.] Twisted ; spiral : passing from narrower to 
wider. Bentley. Whirling as a body that turns 
round its ow'n axis. Hist'. R. S. iii. Among bota- 
nists, plants are called turbinated, as some parts of 
them resemble or are of a conical figure. Vict. 

TURBINA'TION, tur-be-na'-shun. n. s. The act of 
spinning like a top. Cockeram. 

TU'RBITH, tur'-bfe/(. n. s. [turpethns , Lat.] Yel- 
low mercury precipitate. Wiseman. 

TU'RBOT tur'-but. 166. n. s. [turbot, Fr. and Dutch.] 
A delicate fish. Careic. 

TURBULENCE §, tur'-bu-lense. )n,s. [Fr. ; tur- 

TUOlBULENCY§,uV-bu-len-se. \ bulentia, Lat.] 
Tumult; confusion. Shak. Disorder of passions. 
Dri/den. Tumultuousness ; tendency to confusion. 

TU'RBULENT, uV-bu-Ient. a. [turbulentns , Lat.] 
Raising agitation ; producing commotion. Milton. 
Exposed to commotion ; liable to agitation. Milton. 
Tumultuous; violent. Dryden. 

TU'RBULENTLY, uV-bu-lent-le. ad. Tumultous- 
ly ; violently. Shericood. 

TURCISM, tur-sfsm. n. s. [ Turcismus, low Lat.] 
The religion of the Turks. Atterbury. 

S^p Mr. Sheridan has most unaccountably pronounced 
this word as if written Turkism ; and with just as 
much reason we might say Greekism instead of Grm- 
cism : the latter is, indeed, a formation from the ancient 
Latin and the former from the modern ; but the analo- 
gy of formation in both is the same, and the pronuncia- 
tion ought to be the same likewise. W. 

TU'RCOIS. See Turkois. 

TURD, turd. n.s. [tujib. Sax.] Excrement. 

TURFS, turf. n. s. [CUjity Sax. ; tor/, Dutch and 
Swed.j A clod covered with grass; a part of the 
surface of the ground. Shakspeare. 

To TURF, tfirf. v. a. To cover with turfs. Mortimer. 

TU'RFINESS, turf-e-nes. n. s. The slate of abound- 
ing with turfs. 

TU'RFY, turf-e. a. Full of turfs ; covered with turf; 
built of turf. Shakspeare. 

TU'RGENT, t&r'-jent. a. [Fr. ; turgens, Lat.] Swel- 
ling ; protuberant ; tumid. Thomson. Pompous ; 
tumid. Burton. 

TURGE SCENCE. tur-ieV-sense. > 510. n.s. \tw- 

TURGE SCENCY, tur-jes'-sen-se. \ gescens, Lat.] 
The act of swelling ; the state of being swollen. 
Brown. Empty magnificence. 

TU'RGIDS, t&r'-jld. a. [turgidus, Lal.J Swelling; 
bloated ; filling more room than before. Boyle. 
Pompous; tumid; fastuous; vainlv magnificent. 
Watts. 

TURGI'DITY, tur-jid'-e-te. n. s. State of being- 
swollen. Arbuthnot. Pompousness ; empty mag° 
nificence. Cumberland. 

TU'RGIDNESS*, tur-jid-nes. n. s. Pompousness. 
Warburton. 

TU'RKEY, tur-ke. 270. n. s. A large domestick 
fowl supposed to be brought from Turkey. Sluxk 

TU'RKOIS, t&r-keeze'. 301. n. s. [turquoise, Fr., 
from Turkey.] A blue stone numbered amon°- the 
meaner precious stones, now discovered to *be a 
bone impregnated with cupreous particles. Wood- 
ward. 
PU'RKSCAP, turks-kap'. n.s. An herb. Ains- 
worlh. 

TURM, t&rm. n. s. [turma, Lat.] A troop. Milton. 
Ob. J. 

TU'RMERICK, t&r-mer-ik. n.s. [tunnerica, Lat.] 
An Indian root which makes a yellow die. 



TU'RMOIL$, tur'-mdll. 492. n.s. [from inoil, to la- 
bour.] Trouble; disturbance; harassing uneasi- 
ness ; tumultuous molestation. Spenser. 

To TU'RMOIL, tur'-moll. v. a. To harass with com- 
motion. Spenser. To weary ; to keep in unquiet- 
ness. Milton. 

To TU RMOIL* uV-m6il. v. n To be in commo- 
tion or unquietness. Milton. 

To TURN \, turn. r. a. [tupnan, Sax. ; tourner, 
Fr. ; from loi-no, , Lat.] To put into a circular or 
vertiginous motion ; to move round ; t& revolve. 
Slmk. To put the upper side downwards; to shift 
with regard to the sides. Addison. To change 
with respect to position. Milton. To change the 
state of the balance. Dryden. To bring the inside 
out. Shak. To change as to the posture of the 
body, or direction of the look. Chapman. To form 
on a lathe by moving round. Moxon. To lorm ; 
to shape. Toiler. To change ; to transform ; to 
metamorphose; to transmute. Shak. To make of 
another colour. Floyer. To change ; to alter 
Sidney. To make a reverse of fortune. Dryden 
To translate. Pope. To change to another opin 
ion, or party, worse or better; to convert; to per 
vert. Lev. xix. To change with regard to inclina- 
tion or temper. Psalm xxv. To alter from one ef- 
fect or purpose to another. Hooker. To betake. 
Temple. To transfer. 1 Chron. xii. To fall upon 
by some change. Bacon. To make to nauseate. 
Fell. To make giddy. Pope. To infatuate ; to 
make mad : applied to the head or brain. Addison. 
To change direction to or from any point. Milton. 
To direct by a change to a certain purpose or pro- 
pension. Addison. f o double in. Swift. To re- 
volve; to agitate in the mind. Watts. To bend 
from a perpendicular edge; to blunt. Ascham. To 
drive by violence ; to expel. Shak. To apply by a 
change' of use. Milton. To reverse; to repeal. 
Deut. xxx. To keep passing in a course of ex- 
change or traffick. Temple. To adapt the mind. 
Addison. To put towards another. Exodus, xxiii. 
To retort; to throw back. Atterbury. — To turn 
away. To dismiss from service ; to discard. Sid- 
ney. To avert. Whole Duty of Man. To turn 
back. To return to the hand from which it was 
received. Shak. To turn off. To dismiss con- 
temptuously. Shak. To give over ; to resign. De- 
cay of Christian Piety. To deflect; to divert. Ad- 
dison. To be turned of To advance to an age 
beyond. Addison. To turn orer. To transfer. 
Sidney. To refer. Krwlles. To examine one leaf 
of a book after another. Stcift. To throw off the 
ladder. Butler. To turn to. To have recourse to. 
Grew. 

To TURN, turn. v. n. To move round; to have a 
circular or vertiginous motion. B. Jonson. To show 
regard or anger, by directing the look towards any 
thing. Bacon. To move the body round. Milton. 
To move from its place. Wiseman. To change 
posture. Cheyne. To have a tendency or direc- 
tion. A. Pliilips. To .-wove the face to another 
quarter. Dryden. To depart from the way ; to de- 
viate. Gen. xix. To alter; to be changed; to be 
transformed. Bacon. To become by a change. 
Bacon. To change sides. Dryden. " To change 
the mind, conduct, or determination. Exodus, xxxii. 
To change to acid. Shak. To be brought even- 
tually. Locke. To depend on, as the chief point. 
Swift. To grow giddy. Shak. To have an un- 
expected consequence or tendency. Wake. To re- 
turn ; to recoil. Milton. To be directed to or from 
any point : as. The needle twits to the pole. To 
change attention or practice. Milton. — To tui-n 
away. To deviate from any course. Ezekiel, xviii. 
To turn off. To divert one's course. Norris. 

TURN, turn. n. s. The act of turning ; gyration. 
Meander; winding way. Dryden. Winding or 
flexuous course. Addison. A walk to and fro. 
Shak. Change; vicissitude; alteration. Hooker. 
Successive course. Bacon. Manner of proceeding; 
change from the original intention or first appear- 
ance. Blackmore. Chance; hap. Collier. Occa 
952 



TUT 



TWE 



-116, move, nor. not ;— lube, tub, bull;— oil;— pound ;—tli\n, THis. 



sion ; incidental opportunity. L' Estrange. Time 

*at which, by successive vicissitudes, any thing is to 
be had or done. Bacon. Actions of kindness or 
malice. Fairfax. Reigning inclination. Swift. A 
step oft' the ladder at the gallows. Butler. Con- 
venience; use ; purpose; exigence. Spenser. The 
form; cast; shape; manner. Dryden. The man- 
ner of adjusting the words of a sentence. Dry den. 
New position ot things : as. Something troublesome 
happens at every turn. The court of the sheriff; 
of old called also the sheriff's moot. See To urn. 
— By turns. One after another ; alternately. Mil- 
ton. 

TU UNBENCH, turn'-bensh. n.s. {turn and bench.-] 
A term of turners : a kind of iron lathe. Moxon. 

TU RNCOAT, uW-k6te. n. s. One who forsakes 
his party or principles; a renegade. Sluikspeare. 

TU'RNER, tfirn'-ur. 98. n. s. One whose trade is 
to turn in a lathe. Moxon. 

TU RNERY*, turn'-fir-e. n.s. The art of fashioning 
hard bodies into a round or oval form in a lathe ; 
the articles so turned. 

TL" RNING, uW-ing. 410. n.s. Flexure; winding; 
meander. Milton. Deviation from the way. Har- 
mar. 

TU RNLNGNESS, uW-ing-nes. n. s. Quality of 
turning; tergiversation; subterfuge. Sidney. 

TURNtP, turnMp. n.s. [nsepe, Sax. ; napus, Lat.] 
A white esculent root. Miller. 

TURNKEY f, torn'-kee. n. s. One who opens and 
locks the doors, and keeps the keys of a prison. 

TURNPIKE, turn'-plke. n. s. [turn and pike, or 
pique.) A cross of two bars armed with pikes at 
the end, and turning on a pin, fixed to hinder 
horses from entering. B. Jojison. Any gate by 
which the way is obstructed. Arbuthnot. 

TU RNS1CK, uW-sik. a. [turn and sick.] Vertigi- 
nous ; giddy. Bacon. 

TU RNSOL, tflrn'-sole. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

TURNSPIT, turn'-spit. n.s. He that anciently turn- 
ed a spit, instead of which jacks are now generally 
used. It is now used of a dog that turns the spit. 
Swift. 

TU'RNSTILE, uW-stlle. n. s. A kind of turnpike 
in a footpath. Hudibras. 

TERPENTINE, tur'-pen-tlne. 149. n.s. [turpentina, 
ltal.] The gum exuded by the pine, the juniper, 
and other trees of that kind. Ecclus. xxiv. 

TU RPITUDE, tur'-pe-tude. 463. n. s. [Fr. ; turpi- 
tudo, from turpis, Lat.] Esseutial deformity of words, 
thoughts, or actions; inherent vileness; badness. 
South. 

TU'RQUOISE, tur-keeze'. 301. n. s. See Turkois. 
Shakspeare. 

TU'RREL*, tur'-rll. n. s. A tool used by coopers. 
Sherwood. 

TURRET^, uV-ret. 99. n. s. [turris, Lat.] A small 
eminence raised above the rest of the building ; a 
little tower. Shakspeare. 

TU'RRETED, tdr'-reVgd. a. Formed like a tower; 
rising like a tower. Bacon. 

TU'RTLE, tur'-tl. 405. ; n. s. [-ujitle, Sax. ; 

TU'RTLEDOVE^&r'-tl-duv. \ tortorelle.¥r.;torto- 
rel/a, ltal. ; turtur, Lat.] A species of dove. Slutk. 
The sea-tortoise. Dr. Warton. 

TURVES*, turvz.The old plural of turf. Milton. 

TU'SCAN*, tus'-kan. a. [from Tuscany.] One of the 
orders of architecture. Wotton. 

TUSH, tush, inter}, [tyst, Su. Goth.] An expression 
of contempt. Psalm lxxiii. 

TUSK §, tusk. n. s. [cux, fcuxaj-, Sax. ; tosken, old 
Frisick.] The long teeth of a pugnacious animal ; 
the fang ; the holding tooth. Bacon. 

To TUSK*, tusk. v. n. To gnash the teeth, as a boar. 
B. Jonson. 

TUSKED, uV-kgd. 366. } a. Furnished with tusks. 

TU'SKY, tfiy-ke. 270. \ Dryden. 

TU SSLE*, tfls'-sl. n. s. [from touse.] A struggle : a 
vulgar expression. 

TU'SSUCK, tus'-suk. n. s. [diminutive of tuz.] A 
tuft of grass or twigs. Grew. 

TUT, tut. interj. A particle noting contempt. Shak. 
120 



TU'TANAG, tu'-ta-nag. n. s. The Chinese name for 

speller; a coarse pewter made with the lead carried 

from England and tin got in the kingdom of Quin- 

tang. Woodward. 
TUTELAGE, tu'-te-laje. 90. )n. s. [tutele, tutelage, 
TUTELE*, uV-tele. \ Fr.; tntela, Lat.] 

Guardianship ; state of being under a guardian. 

Drayton. 
TUTELAR, tu'-te-liir. 88. \ a. [tutelaire, Fr.] Hav- 
TUTELARY, tu'-le-la-re. S >"& the charge or 

guardianship of any person or thing; protecting; 

defensive ; guardian. Brown. 
TUTORS, tiV-tur. 166. n.s. [tutor, Lat.; tuteur, 

Fr.] One who has the care of another's learning 

and morals ; a teacher or instructer. Waits. 
To TUTOR, tiV-tur. i). a. To instruct; to teach; te 

document. Shak. To treat with superiority or se 

verity. Shakspeare. 
TUTORAGE, tiV-tfir-aie. 90. n.s. The authority or 

solemnity of a tutor. Government of tlie Tongue. 
TUTORESS, tu'-tfir-gs. ) n.s. [tuterisse, tutrice, old 
TUTRIX*, uV-trlks. \ Fr.] Directress 3 instruc- 
tress ; governess. Selden. 
TUTORSHIP*, tu'-tur-shlp. n. s. Office of a tutor. 

Hooker. 
TUTSAN, tut'-san. n. s. [tutsan, Fr.] Parkleaves, a 

plant. Drayton. 
TUTTY, tut'-le. n. s. [tutia, low Lat. ; tuthie, Fr.] 

A sublimate of zinc or calamine collected in the 

furnace. Toiler. 
TUZ, tuz. n. s. [from tuss, or tussy, an old word for 

a wreath or tuft.] A lock or tuft of hair. Dryden. 
TWAIN, twane. a. [fcpe^en, Sax.] Two. Milton. 

An old word, not now used but ludicrously. 
To TWANG §, twang, v. n. [a word formed from 

the sound.] To sound with a quick, sharp noise. 

Shakspeare. 
To TWANG, twang, v. a. To make to sound sharp- 
ly. Shakspeare. 
TWANG, twang. 85. n. s. A sharp, quick sound. 

Hudibras. An affected modulation of the voice. 

South. 
TWANG, twang, interj. A word marking a quick 

action, accompanied with a sharp sound. Prior. 
To TWA'NGLE, twang'-gl. v.n. To make a sharp. 

quick sound. Sliakspeare. 
TWA'NGLING, twang'-lfng. a. Contemptibly 

noisy. 
To TWANK, twangk. 85. v. n. To make to sound. 

Addison. 
'TWAS, twoz. Contracted from it was. Dryden. 
To T WATTLE §, twotMl. v. n. [schwaszen, Germ.] 

To prate ; to gabble ; to chatter. Whately. 
To T WATTLE*, twot'-tl. v. a. To pat 5 to make 

much of, as horses, cows, dogs. Grose. 
T WATTLING*, tw&t'-tling. n.s. Act of prating; 

idle chatter. Whately. 
TWAY. [twai, Goth.] For Twain. Spenser. 
TWA'YBLADE, twa'-blade. n.s. A flower. Miller. 
To TWEAG §, tweg. )v. a. [fcpiccan, fcpic- 

To TWEAKS, tweke. 227. \ cian, Sax.] To pinch 

to squeeze betwixt the fingers. Shakspeare. 
TWEAGUE, tweg. ; n. s. [fcpeo£an, Sax.] Per- 
TWEAK, tweke. \ plexity; ludicrous distress. 

Arbuthnot. 
To TWE'EDLE, twee'-dl. 246. v. a. To handle 

lightly: used of awkward fiddling. Addison. 
\ TWE'EZERS, twee'-zurz. 246. n. s. [etuy, Fr.] 

Nippers, or small pincers to pluck off hairs. Pope. 
TWELFTH, tweWi. a. [fcpelffca, Sax.] Second 

after the tenth : the ordinal of twelve. 1 Kings, x\x. 
TWE'LFTHTIDE, tw&ft/i'-tlde. 471. n. s. The 

twelfth day after Christmas. Tusser. 
TWELVE §, tw&v. a. [tpeolp, fcpelp, Sax.] Two 

and ten; twice six. Shakspeare. 
TWE'LVEMONTH, tweW'-muath. 473. n. s. 

[fcpeolp-monS, Sax.] A year, as consisting of 

twelve months. Sliakspeare. 
TWE'LVEPENCE, twglv'-pense. n. s [twelve and 

pence.] A shilling. 
TWE'LVEPENNY, twglv'-p&i-ne. a. [twelve and 

penny.] Sold for a shilling. Dryden. 
953 



• 



TWI 



TYE 



UT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, pin ;— 



TWE'LVESCORE, twelv'-skore. ». *. [twelve and 
score.] Twelve times twenty; two hundred and 
forty. Dryden. 

TWENTIETH, twen'-te-e^. 279. a. [fcpenfceo*o- 
Sa, Sax.] Twice tenth ; ordinal of twenty. B. Jon- 
son. 

TWE'NTYS, twen'-te. a. [tpenfci^, Sax.] Twice 
ten. Fell. A proverbial or indefinite number. 
Bacon. 

TWPBIL, twlb'-ll. n. s. [fcpybill, Sax.] A kind of 
halberd ; formerly, a mattock. Drayton. 

TWICE, twlse. ad. Ltpi^ip, Sax. ; tuxes, Dutch.] 
Two times. Spenser. Doubly. Dryden. It is often 
used in composition : as, a *u>ice-told tale. Shale. 

To TWPDLE, twl'-dl. [twld'-l, Sheridan.] v. a. 
[commonly written tweedle.] To touch lightly : a 
low word. Wiseman. 

TWFFOLD*, twl'-fold. a. Twofold. Spenser. Ob. T. 

TWIGS, twig-. 71. s. [tpi?;', tpiS^a, Sax. ; twyg, 
Dutch.] A small shoot of a branch; a switch, 
tough and long. Raleigh. 

T WPG GEN, twlg'-gln. 383. a. Made of twigs; 
wicker. Slmkspeare. 

TWPGGY, twlg'-ge. 383. a. Full of twigs. Evelyn. 

TWPLIGHTS, twl'-llte. n. s. [tweelicht, Dutch; 
tpeoneleohfc, Sax.] The dubious or faint light be- 
fore sunrise, and after sunset; obscure light. 
Donne. Uncertain view. Donne. 

TWILIGHT, twl'-llte. a. Not clearly or brightly 
illuminated ; obscure ; deeply shaded. Milton. 
Seen or done by twilight. MUlon. 

To TWILLS*, twll. v. a. [fcpaebe, Sax. twofold, or 
fepa and bael, part.] To weave ; to quilt. 

TWILL*, twll. n. s. A quill ; a spool ; a quill to 
wind yarn on. Grose. 

TWIN §, twin. n. s. [tpinn, Sax. ; tweelingh, Dutch.] 
Children born at the same birth. It is seldom used 
in the singular ; though sometimes it is used for 
one of twins. Slialc. Gemini, the sign of the zodi- 
ack. Creech. 

To TWIN, twin. v. n. To be born at the same birth. 
Sliak. To bring two at once. Tusser. To be 
paired ; to be suited. Sandys. 

To TWIN*, twin. ) v. n. To part ; to go asunder. 

To TWINE*, twine. \ Chancer. Ob.T. 

To TWIN*, twin. v. a. To divide into two parts; 
to separate. Cliaucer. Ob. T. 

TWIN-BORN, twin'-bSm. a. Born at the same 
birth. Milton. 

To TWINES, twine, v. a. [tpman, Sax. ; tweynen, 
twijnen, Dutch; twynna. Swed.] To twist or com- 
plicate so as to unite, or form one body or substance 
out of two or more. Exod. xxvi. lo unite itself. 
Crasliaw. 

To TWINE, twine, v. n. To convolve itself; to 
wrap itself closely about. Pope. To unite by in- 
terposition of parts. Shale. To wind ; to make 
flexures. Sici/t. To turn round. Chapman. 

TWINE, twine, n. s. A twisted thread. Spenser. 
Twist; convolution. Milton. Embrace ; act of 
convolving itself round. Phillips. 

To TWINGE §, twinje. v. a. [zwingen, German ; 
twinge, Dan.] To torment with sudden and short 
pain. L' Estrange. To pinch; to tweak. Hudi- 
bras. 

TWINGE, twinje. n. s. Short, sudden, sharp pain. 
Dryden. A tweak; a pinch. V Estrange. 

TWINK, twlngk. n. s. See Twinkle. The mo- 
tion of an eye; a moment. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. 

To TWPNKLE S, twlngk'-kl. 405. o. n. [cpinclian, 
Sax.] To sparkle ; to flash irregularly ; to shine 
with intermitted light ; to shine faintly ; to quiver. 
Sfialc. To open and shut the eye by turns. V Es- 
trange. To play irregularly. Donne. 

TWPNKLE. twlngk'-kl. 405. )n. s. A spark- 

TWPNK LING, twlngk'-llng. 410. $ ling intermit- 
ting light. A motion of the eye. Spenser. A short 
space, such as is taken up by a motion of the eye. 
Spenser. 

TWPNLING, twlnMlng.410. n.s. A twin lamb; a 
lamb of two brought at a birth. Tusser. 

TWPNNED*, twind. part. a. Born at the same 



birth. Shale. Like as twins ; paired. Shale. Uni 
ted. Milton. 

TWPNNER, twm'-nor. 98. n. s. A breeder of twins 
Tusser. 

TWPNTER*, twln'-tur. n. s. [two and winter; tpy 

pintp., Sax.] A beast of two winters old. Grose. 
To TWlRE*, twlre. v. n. [perhaps the old word for 
twitter.] To flutter ; to take short flights with great 
agitation of the wings. Cliaucer. To be moved 
with quick vibrations; to quiver; to twinkle. Shale. 
To be in a kind of flutter ; to be moved to smile 
or laugh ; to twitter. Beaum. and Fl. To make 
flexures or windings. Drayton. 
To TWIRLS, twerl. 108. v. a. To turn round; to 
move by a quick rotation. Bacon. 

To TWIRL, twerl. v. n. To revolve with a quick 
motion. 

TWIRL, twerl. 11. s. Rotation; circular motion. 

Twist ; convolution. Woodward. 
To TWISTS, twist, v. a. feetpipan, Sax. ; twisten, 
Dutch.] To form by complication ; to form by con- 
volution. Shale. To contort ; to writhe. Pope. To 
wreath ; to wind ; to encircle by something round 
about. Burnet. To form ; to weave. Shale. To 
unite by intertexture of parts. Waller. To unite ; 
to insinuate. Decay o/Chr. Piety. 

To TWIST, twist, v. n. To be contorted; to be 
convolved. Arbuthnot. 

TWIST, twist. «. s. Any thing made by convolu- 
tion, or winding two bodies together. Addison. A 
single string of a cord. Mo$on. A cord; a string 
Herbert. Contortion; writhe. Addison. The man- 
ner of twisting. Arbuthnot. [twist, Teut.] A twig; 
a branch. Fair/ax. 

TWFSTER, twist'-fir. 98. n.s. One who twists; a 
ropemaker. The instrument of twisting. 

To TWITS, twit. v. a. [ebpifcan, Sax.; twia vel 
twita, Smolando-Goth.] To sneer ; to flout ; to re- 
proach. Spenser. 

To TWITCH S, twltsh. v. a. [fcpiccian, Sax.] To 
vellicate ; to pluck with a quick motion ; to snatch ; 
to pluck with a hasty motion. Milton. 

TWITCH, twltsh. n. s. A quick pull; a sudden vel- 
lication. Hudibras. A contraction of the fibres 
Blackmore. 

TWPTCHGRASS, twltsh'-gras. n. s. A plant. Mor- 
timer. 

To TWPTTER S, twlt'-tfir. t\ n. [zittern, Germ.] 
To make a sharp, tremulous, intermitted noise. 
Dryden. To be suddenly moved with any incli- 

«. nation ; to be agitated by expectation or suspense : 
a low word. Ray. To burst into a smile or laugh ; 
to simper. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

TWPTTER, twlt'-tur. 98. n.s. Any notion or dis- 
order of passion ; such as a violent fit of laughing, 
or fit of fretting. Hudibras. An upbraider. 

TWPTT1NGLY*, twlt'-tlng-le. ad. With reproach ; 
so as to upbraid. Junius. 

TWITTLETWA'TTLE, twlt'-tl-twot-tl. n. s. [a 
ludicrous reduplication of twattle.] Tattle ; gabbie ; 
a vile word. L'Estrange. 

'TWIXT, twlkst. A contraction of betwixt. Milton. 

TWOS, t66. 10. a. [twai, Goth.; fcpu, Sax.] One 
and one. Shale. It is used in composition : as, two 
legged. Dryden. 

TWOEDGED, toS'-gdj'd. 359. a. Having an edge 
on either side. Pope. 

TWO'FOLD, t66'-fold. a. [two and/old.] Double ; 
two of the same kind; or two different things co- 
existing. Spenser. 

TWO'FOLD, too'-fold. ad. Doubly. St. Matt, xxiii 

TWOHANDED, tdo'-hand-ed. a. That employs 
both hands. Milton. Large ; bulky. Dryden. 

TWOTENCE, tfip'-pense. ». *. A small coin, val 
ued at twice a penny. Shakspeare. 

TWO'TONGUED*, t&6'-tangd. a. Double-tongued 
deceitful. Sandys. 

To TYE, tl. v. a. To bind. See Tie. 

TYE, tl. n. s. See Tie. A knot ; a bond or obhga 
lion. Shakspeare. 

TY'ER*, tl'-fir. n. s. One who unites; on* who joins 
P. Fletcher. 

954 



TYP 



TYT 



-n6, move, ndr, n&t ;— tube, tab, bull ; — oil ;— pdfind ;—th\n, THis. 



TY'GER, tl'-gfir. 98. n. s. See Tiger. 

TYHEE*. See Tehee. 

TYKE, tike. n. s. A dog, or one as contemptible and 
vile as a dog. Shakspeare. 

TY'MBAL, uW-bal. 88. n. 5. [Fr.] A kind of kettle- 
drum. Prior. 

Tlf'MPAN*, tlm'-pan. n. *, [tympanum, Lat. ; ti/m- 
pan, Fr.] A drum; a timbrel. Cotgi-ave. A frame 
belonging to the printing-press, covered with 
parchment, on which the sneets are laid to be 
printed. Chambers. The pannel of a pillar or door. 

TYMPANITES, tim-pa-nl'-tez. n. s. [rv^avircg.] 

That particular sort of dropsy that swells the belly 

up like a drum, and is often cured by tapping. B. 

Jonson. 

To TYMPANIZE*, t?m'-pa-nlze. v. n. [from tym- 

pan.] To act the part of a drummer. Coles. 
To TY'MPANIZE*, tim'-pa-nlze. v. a. To stretch 

as the skin over the body of a drum. Oley. 
TYMPANUM, dm'-pa-num. n.s. [Lat.] A drum 5 
a part of the ear, so called from its resemblance to 
a drum. Wiseman. 

TY MPANY, tlm'-pa-ne. n. s. [tympanum, Lat.] A 
kind of obstructed flatulence that swells the body 
like a drum ; the wind dropsy. Hammond. 

TY'NY, tl'-ne. a. Small. See Tiny. Shakspeare. 

TYPE $, tlpe. n. s. [type, Fr. ; typus, Lat. ; rtJroj, 
Gr.] Emblem ; mark of something. Sluxk. That 
by which something future is prefigured. Milton. 
A stamp ; a mark. SliaJc. A printing letter. Mid- 
dleton. 

To TYPE, tlpe. v. a. To prefigure. Wliite. 

TY'PICK, i?p'-ik. 508. )a. [typique, Fr. ; typ- 

TY'PICAL, t?p'-e-kal. 509. \ iocs, Lat.] Emblem- 
atical; figurative of something else. Atierbury. 

TY'PICALLY, tlp'-e-kal-e. ad. In a typical man- 
ner. Norris. 

TY'PICALNESS, tip'-e-kal-nes. n.s. The state of 
being typical. 

To TYPIFY, tlp'-e-f i. 183. v. a. To figure ; to show 
in emblem. Hammond. 

TY'POCOSMY* t?p'-6-k&z-me. n. s. [twos and 
Koauos.] A representation of the world. Camden. 

TYPOGRAPHER, tl-pdg'-graf-or. 187. n.s. [tvkos 
and ypa<pu.] A printer. Warton. 

TYPOGRAPHICAL, t?p-6-graP-e-kal. 533. } 

TYPOGRAPHICK*, t?p-6-graf-?k. \ a ' 

Emblematical ; figurative. Belonging to the prin- 
ter's art. Warton. 

TYPOGRAPHICALLY, Up-6-graf-e-kal-e. ad. j 



Emblematically; figuratively. After the manner 
ol printers. 

TYPOGRAPHY §, tl-p&g'-graf-e. 187, 518. n. *. 
[Ujpographie, Fr. ; typographia, Lat.] Emblemat 
ical, figurative, or hieroglyphical representation 
Brown. The art of printing. Blackslone. 

TY'RAN*, tl'-ran. n. s. [Fr. ; tyrannus, Lat.] A ty- 
rant. Spenser. Ob. T. 

TYRANNESS, uY-ra-nes. 535. ». s. [tyranne, Fr.] 



A she tyrant. Spenser. 
TYRANNICAL, tl-ran'-ne-kal. / a. 
TYRA'NNICK, tl-ran'-nik. 187. \ Lat.- tyran- 



Jiique, Fr. ; rvpavviKbi, Gr.] Suiting a tyrant; act- 
ing like a tyrant; cruel; despotick ; imperious. 
S. 'akspcare. 

TY1 , A / NNICALLY,tl-ran / -ne-kal-e. ad. In manner 
of 1 tyrant.- Raleigh. 

TYR A/NNIC1DE, tl-ran'-ne-side. 143. n.s. [tyran- 
nus and caido, Lat.l The act of killing a tyrant. 
Bm ke. One who kills a tyrant. Moore. 

TY'R. INNING*, uY-ran-ing. part. a. Acting the 

part . <f a tyrant. Spenser. 
To T\ 'RANNISE, uY-ran-lze. v. n. [tyranniser, 
Fr.] To play the tyrant ; to act with rigour and 
imperi.usness. Spenser. 

To TYT 1NNISE*, tY-ran-ize. v. a. To subject or 
compel by tyranny. Milton. 

TYRANNOUS, uV-ran-us. 503. a. Tyrannical; 
despotick ; arbitrary ; severe ; cruel ; imperious. 
Sidney. 

TY'RANNOUSLYMr'-ran-us-le. ad. Arbitrarily; 
despotically; severely; cruelly. Bale. X 

TY'RANNY, uV-ran-e. 503. n. s. [tyrannis, Lat. ; 
rvpavvii, Gr. ; tyrannie, Fr.l Absolute monarchy 
imperiously administered. Milton. Unresisted and 
cruel power. Shak. Cruel government ; rigorous 
command. B»con. Severity; rigour; inclemen 
cy. Shakspeare, 

TY'RANT §, ti'-rant. 544. n. s. [rvpawos, Gr. ; ty- 
rannus. Lat.] An absolute monarch governing im- 
periously. A cruel, despotick, and severe master 
an oppressor. Sidney. 

TYRE, tire. n. s. See Tire. Hakewifl. 

To TYRE*, tire. v. n. To prey upon. See To 
Tire. 

TY'RO,tj / -r6 1 544. n. s. [properly tiro.] One yet 
not master of his art ; one in his rudiments, 
Garth. 

TYTHE*. time. n. s. A tenth part. See Tithe. 

TY'THING*. n. s. See Tithing. 



UDD 



ULC 



UHas two sounds, one clear, expressed at other 
times by eu, as obtuse; the other close, and 
approaching to the Italian u, or English 00, as ob- 
tund. 171. 

U'BEROUS$*, yiV-b&r-us. a. [uber, Lat.] Fruitful; 
copious ; abundant. Sir T. Herbert. 

U'BERTY, yu'-ber-te. n.s. [uberte, oldFr. ; ubertas, 
Lat.] Abundance; fruitfulness. Florio. 

UBICA'TION. vu-be-ka'-shan. )n. s. [ubi, Lat.] 

UBFETY, yii-bl'-e-te. S Local relation; 

whereness : a scholastick term. Glanrille. 

UBPOUITARY, yu-bik'-we-ta-re. a. Existing eve- 
ry where. Howell. 

UBPQUITARY, yu-blk'-we-ta-re. n. s. [ubique, 
Lat.] One that exists every where. Hall. One 
who asserts the corporal ubiquity of Christ. Bp. 
Richardson. 

UBIQUITY, yu-blk'-we-te. n.s. Omnipresence; 
existence at the same time in all places. Hook- 
er. 

U'DDER §, 5d'-dfir. 98. n. s. [uben, Sax. ; uder, 
Dutch ; tiber, Lat.] The breast or dugs of a cow, 
or other large animal. Shakspeare. 

U'DDERED, ud'-durd. a. Furnished with udders. 
Gav. 



UGLILY, fig'-le-le. ad. Filthily; with deformity; 

in such a manner as to raise dislike. 
U'GLINESS, ug'-le-nes. n.s. Deformity; contrarie- 

ty lo beauty. Spenser. Turpitude; loathsomeness j 

moral depravity. Soidh. 
U GLY §, ug'-le. a. [ogan, Goth.] Deformed ; offen- 
^ sive to the sight ; contrary to beautiful ; hateful. Shak. 
U'LANS*. 7i. s. A certain description of militia 

among the modern Tartars. James. 
U'LCER §, fil'-sur. 98. n. s. [ulcere, Fr. ; ulcus, Lat.] 

A sore of continuance ; not a new wound. Wise- 
man. 
To U'LCERATE, ul'-sur-ate. v.n. To turn to an 

ulcer. 
To IPLCERATE, uF-sflr-ate. v. a. [ulcerer, Fr. 

nlcero, Lat.] To disease with sores. Harvey. 
ULCERATION, ul-sor-a'-shan. n. s. [Fr. ukeratio, 

Lat.] The act of breaking into ulcers. Ulcer; 

sore. Arbitthnot. 
U'LCERED, ul'-siVd. 359, a. [ulcere', Fr ] Grown 

by time from a hurt lo an ulcer. Temple. 
U'LCEROUS, nK-sur-us. 555. a. [ulcerosus, Lat.] Af- 
flicted with old sores. Shakspeare. 
U'LCEROUSNESS, fil'-sur-us-nSs. n. s. The state 

of being ulcerous. 

955 



UMB 



UlVA 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;- 



ULFGINOUS, u-tid'-jin-fis. 
Slimy; muddy. Woodward. 



[uliginosus, Lat.] 



U'LLAGE*, uK-tidie. «. s. ry&o, Lat.] The quan- 
tity of fluid which a cask wants of being full, in 
consequence of the oozuig of the liquor. Malone. 

ULTERIOR*, fil-te'-re-ur. a. [Lat.] Lying on the 
further side; situate on the other side. Further. Boyle. 

ULTIMATE §, ul'-te-mat. 91. a. [ultimus, Lat.] 
Intended in the last resort; being the last in the 
train of consequences. Milton. 

ULTIMATELY, fil'-te-mat-le. ad. In the last con- 
sequence. Atterbury. 

ULTIMA'TION* fil-te-ma'-shun. n.s. The last 
offer ; the last concession ; the last condition. Swift. 

ULTIMATUM*, fil-te-ma'-tum. n.s. Ultimation : a 
modern term. 

U'LTIME*, fil'-tim.a. [Ft.; ultimus, Lat.] Ultimate. 
Bacon. Ob. T. 

ULTFMITY, iil-tfm'-e-te. n.s. {ultimas, Lat.] The 
last stage ; the last consequence. Bacon. Ob. J. 

U'LTION* fil'-sh&n. n.s. [old Fr.; ultio, Lat.] Re- 
venge. Brown. Ob. T. 

ULTRAMARFNE, ul-tra-ma-reen'. 112. a. [ultra 
and marinus, Lat.] One of the noblest blue colours 
used in painting, produced by calcination from the 
stone called lapis lazuli. Hill. 

ULTRAMARFNE, ul-tra-ma-reen'. 112. a. Being 
beyond the sea ; foreign. Burke. 

ULTRAMO'NTANE, ul-trii-m&n' tane.a. [uUra- 
montain, Fr. ; ultra montanus, Lat.] Being beyond 
the mountains. 

ULTRAMONTANE*, ul-tra-m&nMane. 7i.s. A 
foreigner. Bacon. 

ULTRAMUNDANE, fil-tra-imV-dane. a. [ultra 
and mundus, Lat.] Being beyond the world. 

ULTRONEOUS, ul-tr6?-ne-us. o- [ultroneus, Lat.] 
Spontaneous ; voluntary. 

To U LULATE*, uF-u-late. v. n. [ululo, Lat.] To 
howl ; to scream. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. T. 

U'MBEL§, fim'-bel. n.s. [umbelle, Fr. ; umbella, 
Lat.] [In botany.] The extremity of a stalk or 
branch divided into several pedicles or rays, be- 
ginning- from the same point, and opening so as to 
form an inverted cone. Ray. 

U'MBELLATED, iW-bel-la-ted. a. [In botany.] 
Said of flowers when many of them grow together 
in umbels. Diet. 

UMBELLFFEROUS, um-bel-llf-fer-us. 518. a. 
[umbel, and fero, Lat.] Used of plants that bear 
many flowers, growing upon many footstalks, pro- 
ceeding from the same centre. Ray. 

U'MBER$, fim'-bur. 98. n. s. [from the ancient Urn- 
brio,, or Ombria, in Italy.] A colour. Peacham. 
[umbre, Fr.] A fish. Walton. 

To U'MBER, fim'-bur. v. a. To colour with umber; 
to shade ; to darken. Slutkspeare. 

UMBFLICAL, um-bil'-e-kal. a. [umhilicale, Fr. ; 
from umbilicus, Lat.J Belonging to the navel. Brown. 

UMBILICK*, fim-biF-lik. n.s. The navel; the cen- 
tre. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. T. 

U'MBLES.fim'-blz. 405. n. s. [umbles, Fr.] A deer's 
entrails. Diet. 

U'M BO, ;um'-b6. n.s. [Lat.] The pointed boss,- or 
prortii'hent part of a buckler. Swift. 

U'MBRAGE, fim'-brfdje. 90. n. s. [ombrage, Fr.] 
Shade ; skreen of trees. Huloet. Shadow ; ap- 
pearance. Bramhall. [umbrage, old Fr.] Resent- 
ment ; offence; suspicion of injury. Bacon. 

UMBRA'GEOUS §, fim-bra'-je-Gs. a. [nmbragieux, 
Fr.] Shady; yielding shade. Milton. Obscure; 
not to be perceived. Wotton. 

UMBRA'GEOUSNESS, um-bja^i-fis-ngs. n. s. 
Shadiness. Raleigh. ■'-«> 

U'MBRATED*, fim'-bra-ted. a. [umbratus, Lat.] 
Shadowed. Ob. T. 

UMBRA'TICAL*, um-brat'-e-kal. ) a. [umbraticus, 

UMBRA'TICK*, um-braf-?k. 5 Lat.] Shad- 
owy; typical. Barroio. Within doors; keeping 
at home. B. Jonson. 

UMBRA'TILE^m'-bra-tSl. 145. a. [umbratilis, Lat.] 
Unsubstantial ; unreal. B. Jonson. 

UMBRA'TIOUS*, fim-bra'-shfis. a. [umbrage, old 



Fr.] Captious ; suspicious ; disposed to take um 

brage. Wotton. Ob. T. 

U'MBREL, fim'-brel } n. s. [umbra, Lat.l A 

UMBRELLA, um-breF-11 i skreen used in ho 

UMBRE'LLO*, fim-breF-16. ) countries to keep off 

the sun, and in others to bear off the rain. Slielton 

UMBRIERE, fim-brere'. n. s. [umbrare, Lat.] The 

visor of a helmet. Spenser. 

UMBRO'SITY, fim-br&s'-e-te. n.s. [umbrosus, Lat.] 
Shadiness; exclusion of light. Brown. 

U'MPIRAGE, fim'-pe-ridje. 90. n. s. Arbitration ; 
friendly decision ~f a controversy. Bp. Hall. 

U'MPIRE$, fim'-pire. 140. n.s. [Lat. impar.] An 
arbitrator ; one who, as a common friend, decides 
disputes. Shakspeare. 

§Cr This word, says Johnson, Minshew, with great ap- 
plause from Skinner, derives from unpere ; in French, 
a father. But, whatever may be its derivation, one 
should think, in pronunciation, it ought to class with 
empire ; and yet we find our orthoepists considerably 
divided in the sound of the last syllable of both these 
word? ' 

Empire. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Mr. 
Perry, rhyme it with fire ; but Mr. Sheridan and Bu- 
chanan with the first of pyr-a-mid. 

Umpire. Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston rhyme it with 
fire ; but Mr. Perry, Mr. Scott, and Buchanan, with 
fear; and Dr. Kenrick with the first of pyr-a-mid. 

Amidst this variety and inconsistency, we find a prepon- 
derancy to the long sound of i, as in fire ,• and this, in 
my opinion, is the most eligible. 

Rampire and vampyre follow the same analogy; and 
satire and samphire maybe looked on as irregular. W. 
To U'MPIRE*, fim'-plre. v. a. To decide as an um- 
pire ; to arbitrate ; to settle. Bacon. 

UN, fin. A Saxon privative or negative particle, an- 
swering to in oi the Latins, and a of the Greeks, 
on, Dutch. It is placed almost at will before ad- 
jectives and adverbs. All the instances of this kind 
of composition cannot therefore be inserted ; but 
we have collected a number sufficient, perhaps 
more than sufficient, to explain it. 

§Cw* Mr. Mason has very justly observed, that " one uni- 
form effect is not always created by un prefixed. Thus 
the word inexpressive (as used by both Shakspeare 
and Milton) is not barely made negative by the com- 
position, but is also changed from active to passive." 
To these observations we may add, that Shakspeare 
and Milton's use of unexpressive for ^inexpressible or 
inexpressible, is very licentious, and outfht not to be 
followed. The Latin preposition in and" the English 
un are sufficiently ambiguous without such unmean- 
ing licenses, which were introduced when the lan- 
guage was less studied, and perhaps merely to help 
out a hobbling line in poetry. The Latin preposition 
in is negative in insensible, and, what is directly oppo- 
site to it, is intensive in inflammatory.. The English 
preposition un is privative in untried ; and, if I may 
be allowed the word, retroactive in to undo •• a stick 
which has been bent may, when made straight, be said 
to be unbent : but if it were previously straight, we 
cannot so properly say it is unbent, as that it is not ' 
bent. W. 

UNABASHED, fin-a-bashf. 359. a. Not shamed ; . 
not confused by modesty. Pope. 

UNABA TED*, fin-a-ba'-teU a. Undiminished 
Beaumont and Fletcher. . 

UNABI LITY*, fin-a-biF-e-te. ? n. s. Want of 

UNA'BLENESS* fin-a'-bl-nSs. > ability. Milton. 

UNA'BLE/fin-a'-bl. 405. a. Not having ability. Ra- 
leigh. Weak ; impotent. Sliakspeare. 

UNABO'LISHABLE*, ftn-a-b&F-ish-a-bl. a. That 
may not be abolished. Milton. 

UNABOLISHED, fin-a-b&F-Isht. a. Not repealed 
remaining in force. Hooker. 

UNACCEPTED*, fin-ak-sent'-gd. a. Having no 
accent ; not accented. Harris. 

UNACCEPTABLE, fin-ak'-sep-ta-bl. a. Not pleas- 
ing ; not such as is well received. Clarendon. 

UN ACCETTABLENESS, un-ak'-sep-ta-bNne's 
[See Acceptable.] n. s. State of not pleasing 
Collier. 

UNACCEPTED, fin-ak-sept'-gd. a. Not accepted 
Prior. 

UNACCE'SSIBLE*, fin-ak-ses'-se-bl. a. That may 
not be approached. Hakewill. 
95fi 



UNA 



UNA 



-116, move, ndr, n&t ;— tube, tfib, bfill ; — 611 ; — pdfind ; — th\n, THis. 



UNACCE/SSIBLENESS, on-ak-sk'-se-bl-nes. n.s. 
Slate of not being to be attained or approached. 
Hale. 

UN ACCO'MMOD ATED, un-ak-k&m'-m6-da-ted. a. 
Unfurnished with external convenience. Shale. 

UNACCOMPANIED, fin-ak-kam'-pa-nid. 283. a. 
Not attended. Hay ward. 

UNACCOMPLISHED, un-ak-k&m'-plisht. 359. a. 
Unfinished 3 incomplete. Dryden. Not accomplish- 
ed ; not elegant. Congreve. 

UN ACCOUNTABLE, un-ak-k6un'-ti\-bl. 405. a. 
Nut explicable 3 not to be solved by reason ; not 
reducible to rule. Glanville. Not subject ; not con- 
trolled. Soutli. 

UNACCOUNTABLY, un-ak-k6(W-ta-ble. ad. 
Strangely. Addison. 

UNA CCURATE, fin-ak'-kfi-rat. 91. a. Not exact. 
Boyle. 

UN A' CCURATENESS, fin-ak'-ku-rat-nes. n. s. 
Want of exactness : for this and unaccurate are 
coinmonlv used inaccurate and inaccuracy. Boyle. 

UNACCUSTOMED, fin-ak-kfis'-tfimU a. Not 
used ; not habituated. Jer. xxxi. New ; not usual. 
Shakspeare. 

UNACKNOWLEDGED, un-ak-n6lMldj'd. 328, 
359. a. Not owned. Clarendon. 

UN ACQUAINTANCE, fin-ak-kwan'-tanse. n. s. 
Want of familiarity j want of knowledge. South. 

UNACQUAINTED, fin-ak-kwan'-ted. a. Not 
known ; unusual ; not familiarly known. Spenser. 
Not having familiar knowledge. 'Hooker. 

UNACQUA'INTEDNESS*, fin-ak-kwant'-ed-nes. 
n. s. Unacquaintance. Whiston. 

UNA'CTED* fin-akt'-ed. a. Not performed; not 
put into execution. Shakspeare. 

UNA'CTIVE, fin-ak'-tlv. a. Not brisk; not lively. 
Locke. Having no employment. Milton. Not busy ; 
not diligent. Milton. Having no efficacy. Milton. 

UNA'CTUATED, un-ak'-tshu-a-led. a. Not actua- 
ted. Glanxnlle. 

UNADMl'RED, fin-ad-mlr'd'. 359. a. Not regarded 
with honour. Pope. 

UNADMONTSHED*, fin-ad-m&n'-lsht. a. Not ad- 
monished ; not cautioned beforehand. Milton. 

UNADO'RED, un-a-d6rd'. 359. a. Not worshipped. 
Milton. 

UN ADORNED, fin-a-ddrn'd'. a. Not decorated ; not 
embellished. Milton. 

UNADVE'NTUROUS, fin-ad- ven'-tshfir-fis. a. Not 
adventurous. Milton. 

UNA DVl'S ABLE*, &n-ad-vl'-za-bl. a. Not prudent 3 
not to be advised. Lowth. 

UNADVFSED, un-ad-vlz'd'. 359. a. Imprudent ; in- 
discreet. Sliak. Done without due thought 3 rash 
Slutkspeare. 

UNADYTSEDLY, un-ad-vl'-zed-le. ad. Imprudent 
ly ; rashly ; indiscreetly. Hooker. 

UN ADVI SEDNESS*, un-ad-vl'-zfcd-nSs. n. s. Im- 
prudence ; rashness. Mirror for Magistrates. 

UNADULTERATED fin-a-dul'-tur-ate. ; 

UNADU'LTERATED, fin-a-dul'-tfir-a-ted. 359. \ 
a. Genuine; not spoiled by spurious mixtures. Ad 



UNADULTERATELY*, fin-a-dfil'-tfir-'ate-le, ad. 
Without spurious mixtures. Dr. Gilberte. 

UNAFFECTED, un-af-fek'-ted. a. Real ; pot hypo- 
critical. Dtyden. Free from affectation; open; 
candid; sincere. Addison. Not formed by too 
rigid observation of rules ; not laboured. Milton. 
Not moved ; not touched . as, He sat unaffected to 
hear the tragedy. 

UNAFFECTEDLY, fin-af-fekt'-ed-le. ad. Really ; 
without any attempt to produce false appearances. 

UNAFFE'CTING, fin-af-fek'-ffng. 410. a. Not pa- 

'hetick ; not moving the passions. Warton. 
UNAFFE'CTIONATE*, fin-af-fek'-shfin-ate. a. 

Wanting affection. Milton. 
UNAFFLFCTED, fin-af-fOkt'-ed. a. Free from 

trouble. Daniel. 
UNAGREE'ABLE, fin-a-gre'-a-bl. a. Inconsistent; 

unsuitable. Hammond. 



UNAGREE'ABLENESS, fin-a-gre'-a-bl-ne*. n. s. 
Unsuitableness to; inconsistency with. 

UNAI'DABLE, fin-a'-da-bl. a. Not to be helped. 
Slutkspeare. 

UNAI DED, fin-a'-ded. a. Not assisted; not helped. 
Blackmore. 

UNAFMING, fln-a'-mfng. a. Having no particular 
direction. Granirille. 

UNA'KING, fin-a'-kfag. a. Not feeling or causing 
pain. Shakspeare. 

UNALA'RMED*, fin-a-larmd'. a. Not disturbed. 
Cowper. 

UNALIENABLE, fin-ale'-yen-a-bl. 113. a. Not to 
be transferred. Swift. 

UNALLA'YED, 6n-al-la.de'. a. Not impaired by bad 
mixtures. Boyle. 

UNALLFED, fiu-al-ll'd'. 283. a. Having no power- 
ful relation. Young. Having no common nature ; 
not congenial. Collier. 

UNALTERABLE, fin-al'-ter-a-bl. a. Unchangea- 
ble ; immutable. South. 

UNALTERABLENESS, fin-al'-tfir-a-bl-nes. n. s. 
Immutability; unchangeableness. Woodward. 

UNALTERABLY, fin-al'-tfir-a-ble. ad. Unchange- 
ably; immutably. Milton. 

UNALTERED, fin-al'-tfir'd. a. Not changed ; not 
changeable. Hooker. ' 

UNAMA/ZED, fin-a-maz'd'. a. Not astonished ; free 
from astonishment. Milton. 

UNAMBIGUOUS*, fin-am-big'-u-fis. a. Clear; not 
to be mistaken ; unquestionable. Ld. Chesterfield. 

UNAMBITIOUS, fin-am-bish'-us.a. Free from am- 
bition. Pope. 

UNAME NDABLE, fin-a-mend'4-bl. a. [inemenda 
bills, Lai.] Not to be changed for the better. Pope. 

UNA'MIABLE, fin-a'-me-a-bl. a. Not raising love. 
Addison. 

UNAMU'SED*, fin-a-muz'd'. a. Wanting amuse- 
ment; without amusement. Young. 

UNANALO GICAL*, fin-an-a-loay-je-kal. a. Not 
analogical. Johnson. 

UNA'NALYSED, fin-an'-al-lz'd. a. Not resoived 
into simple parts. Boyle. 

UNA'NCHORED, fin-ang'-kfird. a. Not anchored. 

UNANELED, fin-a-neeld'. a. [un and knell.] Not 

having received extreme unction. See To Anele, 

Shakspea7-e. 
UNANIMATED, fin-an'-e-ma-ted. a. Not enliven- 
ed ; not vivified. Dryden. 
UNANFMITY, yfi-na-nW-e-te. n. s. \um.nimM, 

Fr.l Agreement in design or opinion. Addison. 
UNANIMOUS §, yfi-nan'-e-mfis. a. [unanime, Fr.; 

unanimis, Lat.] Being of one mind ; agreeing in 

design or opinion. Muton. 
UNANIMOUSLY, yu-nan'-e-mas-le. ad. With one 

mind. Addison. 
UNAN1MOUSNESS, yu-nan'-e-mfis-nes. n. s. The 

state of being unanimous. 
UNANOFNTEDf, un-a-n6hi'-ted. a. Not anointed; 

not prepared for death by extreme unction. 
UNANSWERABLE, fin-an'-sfir-a-bl. a. Not to be 

refuted. Raleigh. 
UNANSWERABLY, fin-an'-sfir-a-ble. ad. Beyond 

confutation. South. 
UNANSWERED, un-an'-sfir'd. a. Not opposed by 

a reply. Milton. Not confuted. Hooker. Not 

suitably returned. Dryden. 
UNAPPALLED, fin-ap-pawl'd'. a. Not daunted; 

not impressed by fear. Sidney. 
UNAPPA'REI LED, fin-ap-par'-eld. a. Not dressed ; 

not clothed. Bacon. 
UNAPPA'RENT, fin-ap-pa'-rent. a. Obscure ; not 

visible. Milton. 
UNAPPEALABLE* fin-ap-pe'-la-bl. a. Not ad- 
mitting appeal. South. 
UNAPFE'ASABLE, fin-ap-pe'-za-bl. a. Not to be 

pacified ; implacable. Raleigh. 
UNAPPE'ASED, fin-ap-peezd'. 0. Not pacified. 

Shakspeare. 
UNATPLICABLE, fin-ap'-ple-ka-bl. a. Such as 

cannot be applied. Hammond. 
957 



UNA 



UNB 



ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fait ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ;- 



UNAPPLFED*, fin-ap-pllde'. a. Not specially ap 

plied ; not engaged. Bacon. 
UNAPPREHENDED, fin-ap-pre-hend'-ed. a. Not 

understood. Hooker. , , , 

UNAPPREHENSIBLE*, fin-ap-pre-hen'-se-bl. a 

Not capable of being - understood. South. 
UN APPREHENSIVE, fin-ap-pre-hen'-slv. a. Not 
intelligent ; not ready of conception. South. Not 
suspecting. 
UNAPPRISED* fin-ap-priz'd'. a. Not informed; 

ignorant. Yonng. 
UNAPPROACHABLE*, fin-ap-pr6tsh'-a-bl. t 

That may not be approached. Hammond. 
UNAPPROA'CHED, un-ap-pr6tsh'-£d. 359. a. In- 
accessible. Milton. 
UNAPPROPRIATED*, fin-ap-pr6'-pre-a-tgd. a. 
Having no particular application. Dr. Warton. 

UNAPPROVED, fin-ap-profiv'd'. 359. a. Not ap- 
proved. Milton. 

UNA'PT$, fin-apt', a. Dull; not apprehensive. Ba- 
con. Not ready; not prepense. Slia/c. Unfit; 
not qualified. Hooker. Improper; unfit; unsuit- 
able, 

UNAPTLY, fin-aptMe. ad. Unfitly; improperly. 
Grew. 

UNA'PTNESS, fin-apt'-nes. n.s. Unfitness; unsuit- 
aDleaess. Spenser. Dulness ; want of apprehen- 
sion. Shak. Unreadiness ; disqualification ; want 
of propension. Locke. 

UNA RGUED, fin-ar'^gude. 359. a. Not disputed. 
Milton. Not censured. B. Jonson. 

T& UNA RM, fin-arm', v. a. To disarm ; to strip of 
armour ; to deprive of arms. Shakspeai-e. 

UNA'RMED, fin-arm'oA 359. a. Having no armour; 
having no weapons. SJiakspeare. 

UNARRA'IGNED^n-ar-ran'd'. a. Not brought to 
a trial. Daniel. 

UNARRA'YED, fin-ar-rade'. a. Not dressed. Dry- 
den. 

UNARRFVED*, fin-ar-rlv'd'. a. Not yet arrived. 
Young. 

UNA'RTFUL, fin-art'-ful. a. Having no art, or cun- 
ning. Congreve. Wanting skill. Cheyne. 

UNA 7 RTFULLY, fin-art'-ffil-le. ad. In an unartful 
manner. Swift. 

UN ARTIFICIALLY, fin-ar-te-ffsh'-al-le. ad. Con- 
trarily lo art. Derham. 

UNA'SKED, fin-askt'. a. Not courted by solicita- 
tion. Dunham. Not sought by entreaty or care. 
Dryden. 

UNASPE'CTIVE*, fin-as-pek'-tlv. a. Not having a 
view to; inattentive. Feltlutm. 

UNA'SPIRATED*, fin-as'-pe-ra-ted. a. Having no 
aspirate. Dr. Parr. 

UNASPFRING, fin-as-pl'-rmg. a. Not ambitious. 
Rogers. 

UNASSAILABLE, fin-as-sa'-la-bl. a. Exempt from 
assault. ShalcsjMare. 

UNASSA ILED, fin-as-sal'd'. a. Not attacked ; not 
assaulted. Shakspeare. 

UNASSA'YED, fin-as-sade'. a. Unattempted. Mil- 
ton. 

UNASSFSTfcD, fin-as-sls'-ted. a. Not helped. Ad- 
dison. 

UNASSFSTING, fin-as-sls'-tlng. a. Giving no help. 
Dryde>i. 

UNASSU'MING, fin-as-sume'-Ing. a. Not arrogant. 
Thomson. 

UNASSURED, fin-ash-ur'd'. 359. a. Not confident. 
Glanville. Not to be trusted. Spenser. 

UNATONABLE*, un-a-t6'-na-bl. u. Not to be ap- 
peased ; not lo be brought to concord. Milton. 

UNATON^.D, fin^ton'd'. a. Not expiated. Rome. 

UNATTA'CHED*, fln-at-tatsht'. a. Not arrested. 
Junius. N^having any fixed interest : as, unat- 
tached to ; a-ny party. 

UNATTAINABLE, fin-at-ta'-na-bl. a. Not to be 
gained or obtained ; being out of reach. D)-yden. 

UNATTA INABLENESS, fin-at-uV-na-bl-ngs. n. s. 
State of being out of reach. Locke. 

UNATTE'MPTED, fin-at-tem'-ted. a. Untried; not 
assayed. Sidney. 



UNATTENDED, fin-at-ten'-ded. a. Having nr 

retinue, or attendants. Milton. Having no follow 

ers. Dryden. Unaccompanied; forsaken. Shak. 

UNATTENDING, fin-at-tend'-mg. a. Not attend 

ing. Milton. 
UNATTE'NTIVE, fin-at-ten'-tiv. a. Not regarding 

Gov. of the Tongue. 
UNATTESTED*, fin-at-t&t'-eU a. Without wit 

ness ; wanting attestation. Barrow. 
UNATTRA'CTED*, fin-at-trak'-t&l. a. Not under 
the power of attraction; freed from attraction 
Thomson. 
UNAUTHENTICK*, fin-aw-tf/en'-tfk. a. Not au- 

thentick ; not genuine ; not warranted. Warton. 
UNAUTHORIZED, fin-aw'-tfiur-lz'd. a. Not sup- 
ported by authority; not properly commissioned 
Slmkspeare. 
UNAVAILABLE, fin-a-va'-la-bl. a. Useless; vain 

with respect to any purpose. Hookey; 
UN AVAIL ABLENESS*. fin-a-va'-la-bl-nSs. n. s. 

Uselessness. Sir E. Sandys. 
UNAVAILING, fin-a-va'-lfng. 410. a. Useless ; vain. 

Dryden. 
UNAVENGED*, fin-a-venj'd 7 . a. Not avenged; 

unrevenged. Milton. 
UNAVOIDABLE, fin-a-vold'-a-bl. a. Inevitable; 
not to be shunned. Dryden. Not to be missed in 
ratiocination. Tillotson. 
UNAVO'IDABLENESS, fin-a-v^ld'-a-bl-ne^. n. s. 

Inevitability. Glanville. 
UNAVOIDABLY, fin-a-vSld'-a-ble. ad. Inevitably. 

Addison. 
UNAVO'IDED, fin-a-v6jd'-ed. a. Inevitable. Sha/c- 

speare. 
UNAWA'KED* fin-a-wakt'. )a. Not roused 

UNAWA'KENED*, un-a-wa'-knd. $ from sleep; 

not awakened. Young. 
UNAWA'RE*, fin-a-ware'. a. [unpaep, Sax.] With- 
out thought ; inattentive. Swift. 
UNAWARE, fin-a-vvare'. 524. ) ad. Without 
UNAWA'RES, fin-a-warz'. <, thought; with- 
out previous meditation. Spenser. Unexpectedly : 
when it is not thought of; suddenly. Boyle. — At 
unawares. Suddenly ; unexpectedly. Ps. xxxv. 
g$= These words, like some others, are sometimes ac- 
cented on the first syllable, and sometimes on the last, 
as the rhythm of the sentence seems to require. — See 
Commodore. W. 
UNA'WED, fin-aw'd'. 359. a. Unrestrained by fear 

or reverence. Clarendon. 
UNBA'CKED, fin-bakt'. 359. a. Not tamed ; not 
taught to bear the rider. Shak. Not countenanced : 
not aided. Daniel. 
UNBALANCED, fin-balMans-gd. a. Not poised; 

not in equipoise. Pope. 
UNBA'LLAST, Un-bal'-last;* ) a. Not kept 

UNBALLASTED, fin-bal'-last-£d. \ steady by- 
ballast ; unsteady. Milton. 
UNBANDED, un-band'-gd. a. Wanting a string, or 

band. Shakspeare. 
UNBAPTFZED*, fin-bap-tlz'd'. a. Not baptized 

Hooker. 
To UNBA'R, fin-bar ; . v. a. To open, by removing 

the bars ; to unbolt. Denluim. 
UNBA'RBED, fin-barb'd'. a. [harba, Lat.] Not 

shaven. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
UNBA'RKED, fin-barkt'. a. Decorticated; stripped 

of the bark. Bacon. 
UNBA'SHFUL, un-bash/-ful. a. Impudent , s name- 

less. Sliakspeare. 
UNBA'TED, un-ba/-ieU a. Not repressed; not 

blunted. Shakspeare. 
UNBA'THED, fin-bara'd'. a. Not wet. Dryden. 
UNBA'TTERED, fin-baf-tfir'd. a. Net injured by 

blows. Shakspeare. 
To UNBA'Y, fin-ba/. v. a. To set open ; to free Jrom 

the restraint of mounds. Norris. 
UNBEARABLE* fin-bare'-a-bl. a. Not to be borne 
UNBEA'RING, fin-bare'-lng. a. [unbepenb, Sax.] 

Bringing no fruit. Dryden. 
UNBEATEN, fin-be'-t r n. a. Not treated with Wows 
Bp. Corbet. Not trodden. Bacon. 
953 



UNB 



UNB 



-116, move, ndr, nfit ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — thin, THis. 



UNBEAU'TEOUS*, un-bu'-te-as. )a. Not beauti- 
UNBEAU'TIFUL* un-bu -te-ful. $ ful 5 P^'"- 

Hammond. 
To UNBECOME*, un-be-k(W. v. a. Not to be- 
come ; to misbecome. Sherlock. 
lNBECO'MING,un-bc-kum'-mg. a. Indecent; un- 
suitable ; indecorous. Shakspeare. 
UNBECOMINGLY*, un-be-kum'-ing-le. ad. In an 
unsuitable or improper manner. Barrow. 

UNBECOMINGNESS, un-be-kum'-ing-nes. n. s. 

Indecency; indecorum. Locke. 
To UNBE'D, un-bed'. v. a. To raise from a bed. 
Walton. 

UNBEFITTING, un-be-flt'-ting. a. Not becoming; 
not suitable. Shakspeare. 

UNBEFRl'ENDED*, ftn-be-frend'-ed. a. Wanting 
friends ; without friends. Killingbeck. 

To UNBEGE'T, un-be-get'. v. n. To deprive of ex- 
istence. Dryden. 

INBEGOT, un-be-got'. ) a. Eternal; 

UNBEGOTTEN^n-be-gdt'-t'n. S without gen- 
eration. Stillingjleet. Not yet generated. Muton. 
Not attaining existence. South. 

To UNBEGIPILE, un-be-gylle'. v. a. To unde- 
ceive; to set free from the influence of any deceit. 
Donne. 

UNBEGU'N*. un-be-gnn'. a. Not yet begun. Hooker. 

UNBEHE'LD, un-be-held'. a. Unseen ; not discov- 
erable to the sight. Milton. 

UNBETNG*, un-be'-ing. a. Not existing. Brown. 

UNBELlE'F,un-be-leeP. n. s. [un^eleapa, Sax.] 
Incredulity. Milton. Infidelity; irreligion. Hooker. 

To UNBELIE'VE, un-be-leev'. v. a. To discredit ; 
not to trust. Wotton. Not to think real or true. 
Dryden. 

UNBELIEVER, un-be-leev'-fir. n. s. An infidel ; 
one who believes not the Scripture of God. Hooker. 

UN BELIE' VING, uu-be-le'-vlng. a. Infidel. Addison. 

UNBELO'VED, fin-be-luv'd. a. Not loved. Dryden. 

To UNBE'ND, un-bend'. v. a. To free from flex- 
ure. Bp. Taylor. To relax ; to remit ; to set at 
ease for a time. Denham. To relax vitiously or 
effeminately. Shakspeare. 

UNBE'NDING, un-ben'-dlng. 410. a. Not suffering 
flexure. Pope. Not yielding; resolute. Cudworth. 
Devoted to relaxation. Rowe. 

UNBE'NEFICED, fin-ben'-ne-ffst. a. Not preferred 
to a benefice. Dryden. 

UNBENE'VOLENT, t*in-be-neV-v6-lent. a. Not 
kind. Rogers. 

UNBENI'GHTED, un-be-nlte'-gd. a. Never visited 
by darkness. Milton. 

UNBENI'GN, fin-be-nlne'. a. Malignant; malevo- 
lent. Milton. 

UNBE'NT, tin-bent', a. Not strained by the string. 
Dryden. Having the bow unstrung. Shak. Not 
crushed ; not subdued. Dryden. Relaxed ; not in- 
tent. Denham. 

UNBESEE'MING, un-be-seem'-fag. a. Unbecoming. 
K. Charles. 

UNBESEE'MINGNESS*, un-be-seem'-lng-nes. n. s. 
Unbecomingness ; indecency. Bp. Hall. 

UNBESO'UGHT, un-be-sawt'. a. Not entreated. 
Milton. 

UNBESPO'KEN*, un-be-sp6'-k'n. a. Not ordered 
beforehand. Dryden. 

UNBESTOWED, un-be-st6de'. a. Not given; not 
disposed of. Bacon. 

UNBETRA'YED, ftn-be-trade'. a. Not betrayed. 
Daniel. 

UNBEWA'ILED, un-be-wal'd'. a. Not lamented. 
Shakspeare. 

To UNBEWI'TCH, un-be-w?tsh'. v. a. To free from 
fascination. South. 

To UNBI'AS, un-bi'-as. v. a. To free from any 
external motive ; to disentangle from prejudice. 

UNBFASSEDLY, un-bl'-as-sed-le. ad. Without ex- 
ternal influence ; without prejudice. Locke. 
UNBI'D, fin-bid'. ) a. [unabeben, unbeb- 

UNBI'DDEN, fln-bld'-d'n. 5 en, Sax.] Uninvited. 
Shak. Uncommanded ; spontaneous. Milton. 



UNBI'GOTED, ftn-big'-ut-ed. a. Free from bigotry 

Addison. 
7\>UNBl'ND,un-blnd'. v. a. [unbmban, Sax.] To 

loose ; to untie. Spenser. 
TaUNBI'SHOP, ftn-blsh'-ftp. v. a. To deprive of 
episcopal orders. South. 

UNBl'T*, un-bit'. a. Not bitten. Young. 

UNBI'TTED, un-bh'-ted. a. Unbridled; unre- 
strained. Sidney. 

UNBLA'MABLE, un-bla'-ma-bl. a. Not culpable; 
not to be charged with a fault. Bacon. 

UNBLA'MABLENESS* un-bla'-ina-bJ-nes. n. s. 
State of being unblamable. More. 

UNBLA'MABLY, un-bla'-ma-ble. ad. Without taint 
of fault. 1 Tliess. ii. 

UNBLA'MED, un-blam'd'. a. Blameless; free from 
fault. Milton. 

UNBLA'STED*, un-blast'-ecl. a. Not Wasted j not 
made to wither. Peacham. 

UNBLE'MISHABLE*, un-blem'-ish-a-bl. a. Not 
capable of being blemished. Milton. 

UNBLE'MISHED, fln-blem'-isht. a. Free from tur- 
pitude ; free from reproach ; free from deformity. 
Milton. 

UNBLE'NCHED, un-blensht'. a. Unconfounded ; 
unblinded. Milton. 

UNBLE'NDED, un-blend'-ed. a. Not mingled. Ghn- 
rnlle. 

UNBLE'ST, fin-blest', a. Accursed ; excluded from 
benediction. Bacon. Wretched ; unhappy. Milton, 

UNBLI'GHTED*, fln-bH'-ted. a. Not blighted ; un- 
blasted. Cowper. 

UNBLOO'DIED, fin-blfid'-ld. 282, 104. a. Not stain- 
ed with blood. Shakspeare. 

UNBLOODY, fln-blfid'-e. a. Not cruel; not shed- 
ding blood ; not stained with blood. Dryden. 

UNBLO'SSOMING*, un-bl&s'-sum-fng. «. Not bear- 
ing any blossom. Mason. 

UNBLOWN, fin-blone'. a. Having the bud yet uw- 
expanded. Shak. Not extinguished. More. Not 
inflamed with wind. Sandys. 

UNBLU'NTED, Sn-blflnt'-eU a. Not becoming ob- 
tuse. Cowley. 

UNBLUSHING*, Sn-blfish'-?ng. a. Not having 
sense of shame ; without blushing. Thomson. 

UNBOA'STFUL*,fin-bost'-ful. a. Modest ; unassum- 
ing ; not boasting. Thomson. 

UNBODIED, un-b6d'-ld. 282. a. Incorporeal ; im- 
material. Watts. Freed from the body. Spenser. 

UNBOILED, fin-bfifl'd'. a. Not sodden. Bacon. 

To UNBO'LT, fin-bfilt'. v. a. To set open; to unbar, 
Sluxkspeare. 

UNBOLTED, 6n-b6lt'-eU a. Coarse ; gross , not re- 
fined, as flour by bolting or sifting. Shakspeare. 

UNBO'NNETED, fin-b6n'-n&-ed. a. Wanting a hat 
or bonnet. Sfmkspeare. 

UNBOOKISH, fin-bftfik'-ish. a. Not studious of 
books. Milton. Not cultivated by erudition. Shak. 

UNBO'RN, fin-bfirn'. a. [un^ebopen, Sax.] Not yet 
brought into life; future; being to come. Sliak. 

UNBORROWED, un-b&V-rode. a. Genuine ; na- 
tive ; one's own. Dryden. 

To UNBO'SOM, fin-bfiz'-fim. 169. [See Bosom.] 
v.a. To reveal in confidence. Milton. To openj 
to disclose. Milton. 

UNBOTTOMED, fin-b&t'-tfim'd. a. Without bot 
torn ; bottomless. Milton. Having no solid foonda 
tion ; having no reliance. Hammond. 

UNBO'UGHT, un-bawt'. a. Obtained without mo- 
ney. Dryden. Not finding any purchaser. Locke. 

UNBOUND, fln-bfiund'. a. Loose ; not tied. Want- 
ing a cover : used of books. Locke Preterit of «»- 
bind. Dryden. 

UNBOUNDED, fln-bofind'-ed. a. Infinite ; in ermi- 
nable. Milton. Unlimited; unrestrained. Sliak. 

UNBOUNDEDLY, fln-bdund'-ed-le. ad. Without 
bounds; without limits. Gwernment of the Tongue 

UNBO'UNDEDNESS, fin-b6und'-ed-ne : s. n.s. Ex- 
emption from limits. Cheyne. 

UNBO'UNTEOUS*, fin-bofin'-tshc-fis. a. Not kind} 
not liberal. Milton. 

To UNBO'W*. fin-bfi'. v.a. To unbend. Ftdler 
959 



UNC 
















UNC 


XT 559.- 


-Fate 


f?Lr 


rail, 


fat;- 


-me, 


mh 


;— pine 


pin;— 



UNBO'WED, dn-b6de'. a. Not bent. Shakspeare. 
To UNBO'WEL, fin-boa'-el. v. a. To exenterate ; 

to eviscerate. Hakewill. 
To UNBRA'CE, fin-brase'. v. a. To loose; to relax. 

Spenser. To make the clothes loose. SJiakspeare. 
To UNBRE'AST*, fin-brest'. v. a. To lay open ; to 

uncover. P. Fletcher. 
UNBRE'ATHED, uu-brera'd 7 . a. Not exercised. 

Shakspeare. 
UNBRE'ATHING, an-breTH'-fng. a. Unanimated. 

SJiakspeare. 
UNBRE'D, fin-br^d'. a. Not instructed in civility ; ill 

educated. Gov. of the Tongue. Not taught. Dry den. 
UNBREE'CHED, fin-brhsht'. 359. a. Having no 

breeches. SJiak. Loosed from the breechings. 

See Breeching. Pennant. 
UNBRE'WED*, fin-br66d'. a. Not mixed; pure; 

genuine. Young. 
UNBRFBABLE*, un-brl'-ba-bl. a. Not to be bribed. 

FeWiam. 
UNBRFBED, un-brlb'd'. a. Not influenced by money 

or gifts ; not hired. Dryden. 
UNBRFDLED, on-brl'-dlU 359, a. Licentious; not 

restrained. Shakspeare. 
UNBRO'KE, un-broke'. ) a. [un^ebnocen, Sax.] 
UNBRO'KEN.fin-bro'-k'n. \ Not violated. Shak. 

Not subdued ; not weakened. Dryden. Not tamed. 

Addison. 
UNBROTHERLIKE, an-braTH'-ur-like. ? a. Ill 
UNBRO'THERLY, un-brfixH'-ur-le. \ suiting 

with the character of a brother. Bacon. 
UNBRU'ISED, &n-bruz ? d'. a. Not bruised ; not hurt. 

SJiakspeare. 
2h UNBU'CKLE, un-b&k'-kl. v. a. To loose from 

"buckles. SJiakspeare. 
To UNBUFLD, Sn-blld'. v.a. To raze ; to destroy. 

Shakspeare. 
UNBUFLT, un-bllt'. a. Not yet erected. Dryden. 
UNBU RIED, on-beV-rid. 282. a. Not interred ; not 

honoured with the rites of funeral. SJiakspeare. 
UNBTJRNED, un-barn'd'. ) 359. a. Not consumed ; 
UNBURNT, fin-burnt'. \ not wasted; not injured 

by fire. Di-yden. Not heated with fire. Bacon. 
UNBURNING, fin-bfirn'-kg. a. Not consuming by 

heat. Digbu. 
To UNBU RTHEN, fin-bfir'-TH^n. v. a. To rid of 

a load. Sliak. To throw off. Shak. To disclose 

what lies heavy on the mind. Shakspeare. 
UNBU SIED*, fin-biz'-zM. a. Not employed ; idle. 

Bp. Rainltow. 
To UNBUTTON, fin-bfit'-t'n. v. a. To loose any 

thing buttoned. SJiakspeare. 
UNCA'GED*, fin-kadj'd'. a. Released as from a 

eage. Fanshawe. 
UNCA'LCINED^n-kal'-slnd. a. Free from calcina- 
tion. Boyle. 
UNCA'LLED, un-kawld'. a. Not summoned ; not 

sent for; not demanded. Sidney. 
To UNC A'LM, un-kam'. v. a. To disturb. Dryden. 
UNCANCELLED, fin-kan'-sfld. 99. a. Not erased ; 

not abrogated. Dryden. 
UNCAND1D*, fin-kan'-dld. a. Void of candour. 

Mason. 
UNCANO'NICAL, fin-ka-non'-e-kal. a. Not agree- 
able to the canons. Barrow. 
UNCANO'NICALNESS*,fin-ka-n6n'-e-kal-nes.n.s. 

State of being uncanonical. Bp. Lloyd. 
UNCA'NOPIED^fin-kan'-o-pld. a. Having no can- 
opy or covering. Browne. 
UNCAPABLE, fin-ka'-pa-bl. a. [incapable, Fr.; in- 

capax, Lat.] Not capable ; not susceptible. Now 
more frequently incapable. Shakspeare. 
UNCARED/or.fin-kar'd'-fdr. a. Not regarded; not 

attended to. Hooker. 
UNCA'RN ATE,an-kar'-nat.91. a. Not fesh\y. Brown. 
To UNCA'SE, fin-kase'. v. a. To disengage from 

any covering. SJiak. To flay; to strip. Spenser. 
UNCA'UGHT, fin-kawv\ a. Not yet catched. SJiak. 
LNCA'USED, fin-kawz'd'. a. Having no precedent 

cause. Young. 
UNCA'UTIOUS ftn-kaw'-shus. a. Not wary ; heed- 
less. Dryden. 



UNCE'ASING*, fin-se'-sfng. a. Continual. JoJinson. 

UNCELEBRATED, fin-sel'-e-bra-tgd. a. Not sol- 
emnized. Milton. 

UNCELE'STIAL*, fin-se-leV-tshal. a. Not partak 
ing of the qualities of heaven; opposite to what is 
heavenly ; hejlish. FellJiam. 

UNCENSURED, fin-sen'-shfird. a. Exempt from 
publick reproach. Addison. 

UNCEREMONIOUS*, 6n-ser-e-m6'-ne-6s. a. Not 
attended with ceremony; plain. Blackwall. 

UNCERTAIN, fin-ser'-tm. 208. a. \incertain,¥v.\ 
incertus, Lat.] Doubtful; not certainly known. Den 
ham. Doubtful; not having certain knowledge. 
Tillotson. Not sure in the consequence. SJiak. 
Not exact ; not sure. Dryden. Unsettled ; unregu- 
lar. Hooker. 

UNCERTAINED, fin-seV-tln'd. a. Made uncer- 
tain. RaleigJi. Oh. J. 

UNCERTAINLY, fin-ser'-tfn-le. ad. Not surely ; 
not certainly. Dryden. Not confidently. DenJiam. 

UNCERTAINTY, fin-ser'-tfn-te. n.s. Dubiousness, 
want of knowledge. DenJiam. Inaccuracy. Locke. 
Contingency; want of certainty. SoutJi. Some- 
thing unknown. L J Estrange. 

UNCE'SSANT*, un-seV-sant. a. Continual : we now 
say incessant. More. 

UNCE'SSANTLY*, fin-ses'-sant-le. ad. Continu- 
ally. SmitJi. 

To UNCHAIN , fin-tshane'. v. a. To free from chains. 
Prior. 

UNCHANGEABLE, fin-tshan'-ja-bl. a. Immutable; 
not subject to variation. Hooker. 

UNCHANGED, fin-tshanjVJ/. 359. a. Not altered. 
Bp. Taylor. Not alterable. Dryden. 

UNCHANGEABLENESS, fin-tshap'-ju-bl-n£s. n.s. 
Immutability. Newton. 

UNCHANGEABLY, fin-tshan'-ja-ble. ad. Immuta- 
blv; without change. South. 

UNCHANGING, fin-tshan'-jfng. a. Suffering no al- 
teration. SJiakspeare. 

To UNCHARGE, fin-tsharje'. v. a. To retract an 
accusation. Shakspeare. 

UNCHARITABLE, fin-tshar'-e-ta-bl. a. Contrary 
to charity ; contrary to the universal love prescrib- 
ed by Christianity. DenJiam. 

UNCHARITABLENESS, fin-tshar'-e-ta-bl-nes. 
n. s. Want of charity. Government of the Tongue. 

UNCHARITABLY, fin-tshar'-e-ta-ble. ad. In a 
manner contrary to charity. Spenser. 

To UNCHARM*, fin-tsharm'. v. a. To release from 
some secret power. Beaumont and FletcJier. 

UNCHARM ING*, un-tsharm'-ing. a. No longer 
able to charm. Dryden. 

UNCHARY, un-tsha'-re. a. Not wary; not cautious; 
not frugal. Shakspeare. 

UNCHASTE, fin-tshasle'. a. Lewd; libidinous; not 
continent; not chaste; not pure. Sidney. 

UNCHASTFSABLE* fin-tshas-ti'-za-bl. a. Not to 
be chastised. Milton. 

UNCHASTFSED*, fin-tshas-tiz'd'. a. Not punished 
Tlirmisrm. Not restrained ; unawed. Tickell. 

UNCHA'STITY, fin-tshas'-te-te. 530. n. s. Lewd 
ness ; incontinence. Woodicard. 

UNCHECKED, fin-tshekt'. 359. a. Unrestrained ; 
not hindered. Milton. Not contradicted. Shak. 

UNCHEERFUL*, fin-tsheV-tul. a. Sad ; gloomy ; 
melancholy. SJiakspeare. 

UNCHEERFULNESS, fin-tsher'-ful-ngs. [See 
Cheerful.] n. s. Melancholy; gloominess of tem- 
per. Addison. 

UNCHEERY*, fin-tsheer'-e. a. Dull ; not enliven- 
ing. Sterne. 

UNCHEWED, un-tshude':359. a. Not masticated. 
Dryden. 

To UNCHFLD, fin-tshlld'. v. a. To deprive of chil 
dren. Sliak. To render unworthy of the name and 
character of a child. Bp. Hall. 

UNCHRFSTIAN, fin-krls'-tshan. 464. a. luncjii]*- 
fcene, Sax.] Contrary to the laws of Christianity 
South. Unconverted; infidel. Hooker. 

To UNCHRFSTIAN*. fin-krfs'-tshan. v. a. To de 
prive of the constituent qualities of a Christian. South 



UNC 



UNC 



-116, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tftb, bull ; — 611 ; — pdfind ;— thin, THis. 



HRI'STIANLY*. fin-kris'-tshan-le. a. Contra- 
ry to the tows of Christianity. Milton. 

UNCHRI'STIANLY* &n-krls -tshan-le. ad. In a 
manner contrary to the laws of Christianity, Bp. 
BeddL 

UNCHRI'STIANNESS, im-kris -tshiln-nes. *. 5. 
Contrariety to Christianity. A'. Charles. 

To UNCHU'RCH* fln-tshflrtsh . i>. a. To deprive 
o!' the character and rights of a church; to expel 
. a church. Soi/th. 
IL* Bn'-shal. a. [uncialis. Lat.] Belonging 
to letters of a large size, used in ancient manu- 
scripts. The term was introduced by those who 
have treated of ancient writings, to' distinguish 
those manuscripts, which are written in large round 
characters, from those written in pure capitals. 
Aslle. 

U NCIAL*, im -shal. n. s. An uncial letter. Astle. 

UNCI RCUMCISED, un-seV-kum-slz'd. a. Not cir- 
cumcised ; not a Jew. Cow/eu. 

UNCiRCUMCI'SION, un-se'r-kc.m-sizh'-un. n. s. 
Omission of circumcision. Hammond. 

UNCI'RCUMSCRIBED, ftn-seV-kum-skrib'd. a. 
Unbounded ; unlimited. Milton. 

UNCI RCUMSPECT, un-ser'-kum-spekt. a. Not 
cautious; not vigilant. Hamrard. 

UNCIRCUMSTA'NTIAL, un-ser-ktim-stan'-shal. 
important. Brown. 

UNCI VIL. un-slv -il. a. [inciril, Fr. ; incivilis, Lat.] 
I npolite; not agreeable to rules of elegance, or 
complaisance. Whitgift. 

1 ILIZED, un-siv'-il-lz'd. a. Not reclaimed 
from barbarity. Pope. Coarse ; indecent. Addi- 
son. 

UNCI TILLY, un-sfv'-Jl-le. ad. Unpolitely; not com- 
plaisantly. Brown. 

UNCLA' LMED*, fin-klam'd'. a. Not claimed ; no\ de- 
manded. Johnson. 

UNC LA RIFLED, un-klar'-e-fide. 282. a. Not purg- 
ed ; not purified. Bacon. 

To I'NCLA SP. un-klasp'. r. a. To open what is 
shut with cJasDS. Shakspeare. 

i "NCLA SSICAL^.un-klis'-se-kal. ? a. Not classick. 

UNCLA'SSICK.&n-klas'-sik. S Pope. 

UNCLE, fing'-ki. 405, 408. n. s. [oncle, Fr.] The 
brother of one's father or mother. Shakspeare. 

UNCLE'AN, un-klene'. a. [unclaene. Sax.] Foul ; 
dirty ; filthy. Dryden. Not purified by ritual prac- 
tice's. Foul with sin. Milton. Lewd; unchaste. 
■ peare. 

UNCLE ANLINESS, un-klen'-!e-nes. 71. s. Want of 
cleanliness. Clarendon. 

UNCLEANLY. Gn-klen'-le. a. Foul ; filthy ; nasty. 
'cspeare* Indecent; unchaste. Waits. 

UNCLE ANNESS, fin-klene'-nes.n. s. [unclaenerre, 
Sax.] Lewdness ; incontinence. Graunt. Want 
of cleanliness; nasliness. Bp. Taylor. Sin; wick- 
edness. Ezek. xxivi. Want of ritual puritv. 

UNCLE' ANSED. un-klenz'd'. a. Not cleansed. Ba- 
con. 

To UNCLE NCH, un-klensh'. r. a. To open the 
closed hand. Garth. 

To UNCLE W, un-klu'. v. a* To undo. Slwkspeore. 

UNCLI PPED. fin-kflpl'. 359. a. Whole; not cut. 

Lock*. 

To UNCLOTHE, un-klOTHe'. v. a. To strip ; to 
make naked. Raleigh. 

To L'NCLO'G, uu-klog'. v. a. To disencumber ; to 
exonerate. Shak. To set at liberty. Dryden. 

To UNCLO'ISTER, un-klois -tur.' r. a.' To set at 
large. Norris. 

To UNCLOSE, ftn-kloze'. v. a. To open. Pope. 

UNCLOSED, un-kl6z'd'. a. Not separated by en- 
closures. Clarendon. 

To UNCLOUD*. un-kloud'. r. a. To unveil ; to 
clear from obscurity. Beaumont and Fletclier. 

UNCLOUDED, un-klofi'-ded. a. Free from clouds; 
clear from obscurity ; not darkened. Milton. 

UNCLO l'DEDNESS,un-kl6u'-ded-nes.7i.s. Open- 
ness : freedom from gloom. Boyle. 

UNCLO UDY, tm-klSu'-de. a. Free from a cloud. 
Gay. 

121 



To UNCLUTCH, un-klutsh'. v. a. To open. Dt 

can of Christian Piety. 
/ I NCOIF, fin-koif. [See To Quoit.] v. a. 
To pull the cap off. ArbuUmot. 

\ MOULD-, un-kdilV. a. Not wearing a coif 
Yotmg. 

To UNCOIL, On-kofi 7 . v. a. To open from being 
coiled or wrapped one part upon another. Derliam 

UNCOINED, fln-kdin'd'. 359. a. Not coined. Shak 

UNCOLLECTED, nn-k61-lek'-ted. a. Not collect- 
ed ; not recollected. Prior. Not collected or brought 
together. Thomson. 

UNCOLOURED, un-kfil'-lfird. a. Not stained with 
anv colour, or die. Bacon. 

UNCOMBED, fin-kdm'd'. 359. a. Not parted or ad- 
justed by the comb. Spenser. 

UNCO'MEATABLE, un-kfim-at'-a-bl. a. Inaccessi- 
ble; unattainable : a low, corrupt word. Taller. 

UNCO MELINESS, un-kfim'-le-nes. n. s. Want of 
grace ; want of beauty. Spenser. 

UNCOMELY, un-kurh'-le. a. Not comely ; wanting 
grace. Sidney. 

UNCOMFORTABLE, un-kfimMur-ta-bl.a. Afford- 
ing no comfort; gloomy; dismal ; miserable. Hook- 
er. Receiving no comfort; melancholy. 

UNCQ'MFORTABLENESS, un-kum'-fur-ta-bl- 
iv ? 's. n. s. Want of cheerfulness. Bp. Taylor. 

UNCOMFORTABLY, an-kfim'-for-ta-bleiirf. With- 
out cheerfulness; without comfort. Drayton. 

UNCOM3IA NDED, un-kom-man'-ded. 79. a. Not 
commanded. South. 

UNCOMME NDABLE* un-k&m'-men-da-bl, or 
•&n-kdm-meV-da-bl. [See Commendable.] a. D- 
laudable: unworthv of commendation. Feltham. 

UN COMMENDED*, uti-kom-mend'-ed. a. Not 
commended. Waller. 

UNCOMMI TTED*, un-kom-nnY-ted. a. Not com- 
mitted. Hammond. 

UNCO'MMON.un-kdm'-mun. a. Not frequent; rare; 
not often found or known. Addison. 

UNCOMMONLY, un-kom'-mfin-le. ad. Not fre- 
quently; to an uncommon degree. 

UNCO MMONNESS, un-kom'-mun-nes. n.s. Infre- 
quencv ; rareness ; rarity. Addison. 

UN COMMUNICATED, un-kom-mu'-ne-ka-l&L a. 
Not communicated. Hooker. 

UNCOMMUNICATIVE*, un-kom-nuV-ne-ka-dv. 
a. Not communicative; close. Lord Chesterfield. 

UNCOMP ACT , fin-k&m-pakt'. ) a. Not com- 

UNCOMPACTED* un-kom-pakt'-ed. $ pact; not 
firm ; not closely adhering. Feltham. 

UNCO MPANIE'D,un-kum'-pa-nid. 104. a. Having 
no companion. Fairfax. 

UNCOMPA SSIONATE, un-kdm-pash'-un-ate. a 
Having no pity. Shakspeare. 

UNCOMPELLABLE*, un-kom-pel'-la-bl. a. Not 
to be forced. Feltliam. 

UNCOMPE'LLED, un-kom-peW. a. Free from 
compulsion. Boyle. 

UNCOMPLAISA'NT, un-kom-pla-zant'. a. Not 
civil ; not obliging. Locke. 

UNCOMPLAISA^NTLY* un-k6m-pla-zant / -le. ad 
With want of complaisance. Blackstone. 

UNCOMPLETE, fiu-k&m-plete'. ) a. Not per- 

UNCOMPLETED^un-kom-ple'-ted. $ feet; not 
finished. Feltham. 

UNCOMPLYING*, un-kom-plMng. a. Not yield 
ing ; unbending; not obsequious. Lovih. 

UNCOMPO'UNDED, un-kom-pSund'-ed. a. Sim 
pie ; not mixed. Newton. Simple ; not intricate. 
Hammond. 

UNCOMPOUNDEDNESS*. un-kom-pSund'-ed- 
nes. n. s. Pureness ; simplicity. Hammond. 

UNCOMPREHE NSIVE, un'-kom-pre-heji'-sJv. a. 
Unable to comprehend. South. 

UNCOMPRE SSED, Qn-k&m-prest'. 104. a. Free 
from compression. Boule. 

UNCONCE IVABLE, "dn-k6n-se'-va-bl. a. Not to 
be understood ; not to be comprehended by the 
mind. Locke. 

UNCONCE IVABLENESS, un-k&n-se / -va-b)-re*, 
n. s. Incomprehensibility. Locke. 
961 



UNC 



UNC 



[LT 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat;— me, mei;— pine, pin 



UNCONCETVED, fin-kon-sevd'. 140. a. Not 
thought; not imagined. Creech. 

UNCONCERN, un-k6n-se™'. n. s. Negligence ; 
want of interest ; freedom from anxiety ; freedom 
from perturbation. Sunk. 

UNCONCERNED, an-k6n-semd'. 104. a. Having 
no interest. Bp. Taylor. Not anxious ; not dis- 
turbed ; not affected. Milton. 

UNCONCERNEDLY, un-k&n-ser'-n§d-le. 364. ad. 
Without interest or affection j without anxiety ; : 
without perturbation. Denham. 

UNCONCERNEDNESS, fin-k&n-seVnd'-ngs. n. s. 
Freedom from anxiety, or perturbation. South. 

UNCONCERNING, fin-kSn-seV-nlng. a. Not in- 
teresting ; not affecting ; not belonging to one. 
Decay of Christian Piety. 

UN CONCERNMENT, un-k&n-sem'-menl. n. s. The 
slate of having no share. South. 

UNCONCLU'DENT, &n-k6n-kkY-dent. )a. Notde- 

UNCONCLU'DING, fin-k&n-klu'-dlng. \ cisive ; 
inferring no plain or certain conclusion or conse- 
quence. Hale. 

UNCONCLU'DIBLE* fin-k&n-klu-'-de-bl. a. Not 
determinable. More. 

UNCONCLUTHNGNESS, fin-k&n-klu'-ding-nes. 
h. s. Quality of being unconcluding. Boyle. 

UNCONCLU'SIVE*, ftn-kon-klu'-sfv. a." Not deci- 
sive ; not regularly consequential. Hammond. 

UNCONCO'CTED, un-kSn-k&kt'-ed. a. Not digest- 
ed ; not matured. Brown. 

UNCONDE'MNED, un-k6n-demd'. *. Not con- 
demned. Locke. 

UNCONDITIONAL, un-k6n-d?sh'-un-al. a. Abso- 
lute ; not limited by any terms. Dri/den. 

UNCONDU'CING*,un-kon-du'-smg. a. Not leading 
to. Phillips. '■...;? s 

UNCONDU'CTED*, un^n-d&kt'-eU a. Not led ; 
not guided. Barrow. 

UNCONFI'N ABLE, un-k6n-f I'-na-bl. a. Unbounded. 
Shakspeare. 

UNCONF1NED, fln-k6n-flnd'. a. Free from re- 
straint. Sfiakspeare. Having no limits; unbound- 
ed. Spectator. 

UNCONFINEDLY*, ftn-k6n-fl'-ned-le. ad. With- 
out limitation ; without confinement. Barrow. 

UNCONFIRMED, un-k&n-feYmd / a. Not fortified 
by resolution ; not strengthened ; raw ; weak. 
Daniel. Not strengthenedby additional testimony. 
Milton. Not settled in the church by the rite of 
confirmation. 

UNCONFO RM, un-kSn-form'. a. Unlike ; dissimi- 
lar ; not analogous. Milton. 

UNCONFORMABLE, fln-kon-fSr'-ma-bl. a. In- 
consistent ; not conforming. Hooker. 

UNCONFORMITY, fin-k&n-fSr'-me-te. n.s. In- 
congruity ; inconsistency. South. 
UNCONFUSED, fln-kon-fuzd 



a. Distinct ; free 
from confusion. Hale. 

UNCONFU'SEDLY, un-k&n-fu'-zed-le. ad. With- 
out confusion. Locke. 

UNCONFUTABLE, un-k&n-nV-ta-bl. a. Irrefraga- 
ble ; not to be convicted of errour. Sprat. 

UNCONGE'ALED, fin-k&n-j&ld'. a. Not concreted 
by cold. Brown. 

UNCONJUGAL, un-k&n'-ju-gal. a. Not consistent 
with matrimonial faith ; not befitting a wife or hus- 
band. Milton. 

UNCONNECTED. fin-kon-nekt'-eU ft. Not cohe- 
rent; not joined by proper transitions or depend- 
ence of parts ; lax ; loose ; vague. Watts. 

UNCONNFV1NG, fin-k&n-nl'-vlng. a. Not forbear- 
ing penal notice. Milton. 

UNCONQUERABLE, un-k&ng'-k&r-a-bl. 415. a. 
Not to be subdued ; insuperable ; not to be over- 
come ; invincible. Dryden. 

UNCONQUERABLY, 6n-k6ng'-kur-a-ble. ad. In- 
vincibly; insuperably. Pope. 

UNCO'NQUERED, fln-kong'-kurd. a. Not subdu- 
ed ; not overcome. Denluxm. Insuperable ; invin- 
cible. Sidney. 
UNCONSCIONABLE, un-k&n'-shun-a-bl. a. Ex- 
ceeding the limits of any just claim or expectation. 



U Estrange. Forming unreasonable expectations. 
Dryden. Enormous; vast. Milton, Not guided 
or influenced by conscience. South. 
UNCONSCIONABlENESS, an-k&n'-sh&n-a-bl 

n£s. n. s. Unreasonableness of hope or claim. 
UNCONSCIONABLY, un-kon'-shfin-a-ble. ad. 

Unreasonably. Hudibras. 
UNCONSCIOUS, un-kdn'-shus. a. Having no men- 
tal perception. Blackmore. Unacquainted ; un- 
knowing. Pope. 
To UNCONSECRATE, 6.n-k6n'-se-krate. v. a. To 

render not sacred ; to desecrate. South. 
UNCONSENTED, u.n-k&n-sent'-eU a. Not yielded 

Wake. 
UNCONSENTING*, un-k&n-sent'-mg. a. Not yield 

ing. Pope. 
UNCONSIDERED, un-k6n-sid'-urd. a.Notconsid 

ered ; not attended to. Shakspeare. 
UNCONSONANT, un-k6n;'-s6-nant. a. Incongru 

ous ; unfit ; inconsistent. Hooker. 
UNCONSPIRINGNESS* fin-k6n-sp^-ring-nes. 

n.s. Absence of plot or conspiracy. Boyle. 
UNCONSTANT^n-kon'-stant. a, [inconstant, Fr. ; 
inconstans, Lat.] Fickle ; not steady ; changeable ; 
mutable. Shakspeare. 
UNCONSTRAINED, fin-kon-strand'. a. Free from 

compulsion. Shakspeare. 
UNCONSTRATNEDLY, fln-kdn-stran'-gd-le. ad. 

Without force suffered. South. 
UNCONSTRA'INT, un-kdn-strant'. n. *. Freedom 

from constraint ; ease. Ftlton. 
UNCONSU LTING, fin-k&n-s&ltMng. a. [inconsul 
tus, Lat.] Heady; rash; improvident; imprudent 
Sidney. 
UNCONSU'MED, Gn-k&n-sumd'. a. Not wasted* 

not destroyed by any wasting power. Milton. 
UNCONSU'MMATE, un-kon-sum'-mate. a. Not 

consummated. Dryden. 
| UNCONTE'MNED, un-kdn-uW. a. Not despised. 

Shakspeare. 
UNCONTENDED*. fin-k&n-tend'-ed. a. Not con- 
tended for; not contested. Dryden. 
UNCONTENTED, un-k&n-tent'-ecl. a. Not content- 
ed ; not satisfied. 
UNCONTENTINGNESS, un-k&n-te , nt'-?ng-ne : s. 

n. s. Want of power to satisfy. Boyle. 
UNCONTESTABLE, un-kdn-tes'-ta-bl. a. Indis- 
putable ; not controvertible. Locke. 
UNCONTESTED, fin-kon-tSst'-eU a. Not disputed ; 

evident. Blackmore. 
UNCONTRADICTED*, fin-k6n-tra-dikt'-ed. a. 

Not contradicted. Pearson. 
UNCONTRITE, un-kon'-trlte. a. Not religiously 

penitent. Hammond. 
UNCONTROLLABLE, nn-k6n-tr6'-la-bl. a. Re- 
sistless ; powerful beyond opposition. Mi/ton. In 
disputable ; irrefragable. Hayward. 
UNCONTROLLABLY, an-k&n-tr6'-la-ble. ad 
Without possibility of opposition. Without dan 
ger of refutation. Brown. 
UNCONTROLLED, un-kon-tr6ld'. a. Unresisted ; 
unopposed ; not to be overruled. Milton. Not con 
vinced ; not refuted. Hayward. 
UNCONTRORLEDLY, un-kon-tro'-lkl-le. ad 
Without control ; without opposition. Decay of 
Christian Piety. 
UNCONTROVERTED, fln-k6n'-lr6-v^rt-ed. a 

Not disputed ; not liable to debate. Glanville. 
UNCONVERSABLE, un-k&n-veV-sa-bl. a. Not 

suitable to conversation ; not social. Scott. 
UNCONVERSANTM'^on'-veV-sunt. a. Not fa- 
miliar ; not acquainted with. Madox. 
UNCONVERTED. ftn-k6n-vSrt'-gd. a. Not per 
suaded of the truth of Christianity. Honker. Not 
religious ; not yet induced to live a holy life. Bax 
ter. 
UNCONVINCED, fin-k&n-v?nst'. a. Not convinced. 

Locke. 
To UNCO RD, un-k6rd'. v. a. To loose a thing 

bound with cords. 
UNCORRECTED, fln-k&r-rekt'-ed. a. Inaccurate ; 
not polished to exactness. Dryden. 
962 



UNC 



UND 



— n«S, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tftb. hull 5— oil ;— pdund ;— </iin, thjs. 



UNCO RRIGIBLE*. on-k<V-re-je-bl. a. Incapable 
of being corrected ; depraved beyond correction: 
we now say incorrigible. Outred. 

UNCORRU PT, 5n-k6r-ropt'. a. Honest; upright ; 
not tainted with wickedness ; not influenced by ini- 
quitous interest. 

UNCORRU PTED, fin-k&r-rapt'-ed. a. Not vitiated 5 
not depraved. Roscommon. 

UNCORRU'PTEDNESS*, un-ka.-rupt'-ed-nes. 
n.$. Stale of being uneorrupted. Milton. 

UNCORRUPTIBLE*, i^n-k6r-rup -te-bl. a. That 
cannot be corrupted. Rom. i. 

UNCORRU PTNESS, 6.n-k6r-rupt'-nes. n.s. Integ- 
ritv; uprightness. Tit. ii. 

UNCO UNSELLABLE, Qu-kd&n'-sel-la-bl. a. Not 
to he advised. Clarendon. 

UNCOUNTABLE, tin-koun'-ta-bl. a. Innumerable. 
Raleigh. 

UNCO UNTED#, un-ko&n'-ted. a. Not numbered ; 
not counted. Shakspeare. 

UNCO UNTERFEIT,un-k6un'-ter-fll. a. Genuine; 
not spurious. Sprat. 

7\> UNCOUPLE, un-kup'-pl. v. a. To loose dogs 
from their couples. Sliakspeare. To set loose ; to 
disjoin. Dm den. 

UNCO UPLED*. un-kup'-pld. a. Single ; not unit- 
ed ; not wedded. Milton. 

UNCO'URTEOUS, iin-kur'-tshe-as. a. Uncivil ; im- 
polite. Sidney. 

UNCO URTEOUSLY, un-k&r'-tshe-us-le. ad. Un- 
civilly ; unpolitely. Ascham. 

UNCO URTLINESS, un^rt'-le-ngs. n.s. Unsuit- 
ableness of manners to a court ; inelegance. Addi- 
son. 

UNCOURTLY, un-kort'-le. a. Inelegant of man- 
ners ; uncivil ; coarse ; rustick. Habington. 

UNCO'UTH,un-kd5*/i'. 315. a. [uncuo\. Sax.] Odd; 
strange ; unusual. Spenser. 

UNCO'UTHLY, un-kootfi'-le. ad. [uncuSkce, Sax.] 
Oddly; strangely. Dryden. 

UNCOUTHNESS, im'-k66th'-nh. n.s. Oddness ; 
strangeness. Decay of Chidslian Piety. 

To UNCOVER, fin-kiV-ar. v. a. To divest of a 
covering. Harvey. To deprive of clothes. Shak. 
To strip of the roof. Prior. To show openly ; to 
strip of a veil or concealment. Milton. To bare 
the head, as in the presence of a superiour. SJutk. 

To UNCREA'TE. un-kre-ate'. v. a. To annihilate ; 
to reduce to nothing ; todeprive of existence. Ca- 
rew. 

UNCREA'TED, un-kre-a'-ted. a. Not yet created. 
Milton, [incree, Fr.] Not produced by creation. 
Bl'ckmore. 

UNCRE DIBLE* Gn-kred'-e-bl. a. Not entitled to 
belief; incredible. Bacon. 

UNCRE DITABLE*, an-kred'-e-ta-bl. a. Not repu- 
table ; not in repute. Hammond. 

UNCRETHTABLENESS,On-kred'-e-ta-bl-n§s.n.s. 
Want of reputation. Decav of Christian Piety. 

UNCRE D1TED*, uu-kredMl^d. «. Not believed. 
Warner. 

UNCRO PPED. un-kropt'. 359. a. Not cropped ; not 
gathered. Milton. 

UNCROSSED, un-krost'. 359. a. Uncancelled. 
Shakspeare. 

UNCRO WDED,fin-kr6u / -d*d.a. Not straitened by 
want of room. Addison. 

To UNCROWN, ftn-kroun'. v. a. To deprive of a 
crown ; to deprive of sovereignty. Shak. To pull 
off the crown. Druden. 

U NCTION, ungk'-sh&n. 408. n. s. [miction, Fr.] 
The act of anointing. Hooker. Unguent; oint- 
ment. Dryden. The act- of anointing medically. 
Arbuthnot. Any thing softening, or lenitive. Sliak. 
The rite of anointing in the last hours. Hammond. 
Any thing that- excites piety and devotion ; that 
which melts to devotion. 

UNCTUO SITY, ungk-tsh&6s'-e-t6. n. a. Fatness ; 
oiliness. Brmrn,. 

U'NCTUOUSS, ungkMshu-fis. 408. a. [unetus, Lai.] 
Fat ; clammy ; oily. Shakspeare. 

$£r This word .js, as frequently 'mispronounced a*, sump- 



tuous and presumptuous, and for tho sama reason. Wa 
aro apt to confound this termination with eous and ious 
and to pronounce the word as if written unfrk'shus, 
without attending to the u after the t, which makes so 
great a difference in the sound of this word and its com 
pounds. W. 

I" NCTUOUSNESS, angk'-tshu-os-nes. n.s. Fat 
ness ; oiliness ; clamminess ; greasiness. Boyle. 

UNCU'CKOLDED, un-kak'-old-ed. a. Not made a 
cuckold. Shakspeare. 

UNCU'LLED, ftn-kald'. a. Not gathered. Milton. 

UNCU'LPABLE, un-k&l'-pa-bl. a. Not blamable. 
Hooker. 

UNCULTIVATED, un-kfil'-te-va-ted. a. [incuUus, 
Lat.] Not cultivated ; not improved by tillage. 
Dryden. Not instructed ; not civilized. Roscom- 
mon. 

UNCU , MBERED,&n-kum / -burd. a. Not burthened ; 
not embarrassed. Dryden. 

UNCU RBABLE, un-kur'-ba-bl. a. That cannot be 
curbed, or checked. Sliakspeare. Not used. 

UNCURBED, un-kurbd'. 359. a. Licentious; not 
restrained. Shakspeare. 

To UNCU'RL, fin-kurl'. v. a. To loose from ring. 
lets, or convolutions. Dryden. 

To UNCU'RL, un-kurl'. v. n. To fall from the ring- 
lets. Shakspeare. 

LiNCU T/ RLED, un-kurld'. a. Not collected into ring- 
lets. Congreve. 

UNCU'RRENT, un-kfir'-rent. a. Not current; not 
passing in common payment. Sliakspeare. 

ToUNCU'RSE.un-kurse'. v. a. To free from any 
execration. Sliakspeare. 

UNCU'RST, un-kurst'. a. Not execrated. King 
diaries. 

UNCUT, fin-kftt'. a. Not cut Waller. 

To UNDA'M, tin-dam', a a. To open ; to free from 
the restraint of mounds. Dryden. 

UNDAMAGED, fin-dam'-idjd. 90. a: Not made 
worse ; not impaired. Phillips. 

UNDA'MPED, tin-dampt'. a. Not depressed; not de- 
jected. Thomson. 

UND A'UNT ABLE*, fin-dan'-ta-bl. a. Not to be 
daunted. Harmar. 

UNDAUNTED, fin-dan'-ted. 214. : <z. Unsubdued by 
fear ; not depressed. Shakspeare. 

UNDA'UNTEDLY, tin-dan'-tgd-le. ad. Boldly; in- 
trepidly; without fear. South. 

UNDA'UNTEDNESS, tin-dan'-led-nes. n.s. Bold- 
ness ; bravery ; intrepidity. AUerbury. 

UNDA'WNING*, fin-dawn'-ing. a. Not yet dawn- 
ing; not grown luminous; not illumined. Cow- 
per. 

UNDA'ZZLED, fin-daz'-zld. 359. a. Not dimmed, 
or confused by splendour. Milton. 

To UNDE'AF, tin-def . v. a. To free from deafness 
Shalispeare. 

UNDEBA'UCHED, tin-de-bawtsht'. a. Not corrupt 
ed by debauchery ; pure. Bp. Hall. 

UNDE'CAGON, tin-dek'-a-gon. n. s. [undecim, 
Lat., and ywvia, Gr.] A figure of eleven angles or 
sides. 

UNDECA'YED, tin-de-kade'. a. Not liable to be di- 
minished, or impaired. Dryden. 

UNDECA'YING, tin-de-ka'-ing. a. Not suffering 
diminution or declension. Blackmore. 

UNDECE'IVABLE, tin-de-se'-va-bl. a. Not liable 
to deceive, or be deceived. Holder on Time. 

TaUNDECETVE, fin-de-seve'. v. a. To set free 
from the influence of a fallacy. Roscommon. 

UNDECEIVED, tin-de-sevd'. a. Not cheated} not 
imposed on. Dryden. 

UNDE'CENCY*, tin-de'-sen-se. n.s. Unbecoming- 
ness. Bp. Taylor. 

UNDE'CENT*, ftn-de'-sent.. a. Not becoming. Bp. 

. . Taylor. 

{INDECENTLY*, ftn-de'-sent-le. ad. Not beccjoT 
ingly. Abp. Laud. 

ttNDECPDABLE*, tin-de-sl'-da-bl. a. Not tobede- 

; cided. South. 

UNDECPDED, fln-de-sl'-dedv ftj. Not determined 3 
not settled. Hooker. 

963 



UND 














UND 


O 3 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fall, 


fat j- 


— me, 


met; 


—pine 


. p?n ;— 



UNDECFSIVE, un-de-sl'-siv. a. Not decisive ; not 

conclusive. Glanville. 
To UNDE'CK, un-dek'. v. a. To deprive of orna- 
ments. Shakspeare. 
UNDE'CKED, fin-dekt'. 359. a. Not adorned; not 

embellished. Milton. 
UNDECLINED, fin-de-kllnd'. a. Not grammatical- 
ly varied by termination. Bramston. Not devia- 
ting ; not turned from the right way. Sandys. 

UNDE'DICATED, un-ded'-e-ka-ted. a. Not conse- 
crated ; not devoted. Not inscribed to a patron. 
Boyle. 

UNDE'EDED^n-deed'-ed. a. Not signalized by ac- 
tion. Shakspeare. 

UNDEFA'CED, fin-de-fasie'. a. Not deprived of its 
form 5 not disfigured. Granville. 

UNDEFE'ASIBLE, un-de-fe'-ze-bl. a. Not defeasi- 
ble ; not to be vacated or annulled. 

UNDEFENDED*, un-de-fend'-ed. a. Without de- 
fence; easy to be assaulted; exposed to assault. 
South. 

UNDEFPED, fin-de-flde'. 282. a. Not set at defi- 
ance ; not challenged. Spenser. 

UNDEFPLED, un-de-fild'. a. Not polluted; not 
vitiated ; not corrupted. Wisdom, iv. 

UNDEFINABLE, un-de-fl'-nd-bl. a. Not to be 
marked out, or circumscribed by a definition. 

UNDEFINED, fin-de-find'. a. Not circumscribed, 
or explained by a definition. Locke. 

UNDEFLO'WERED* un-de-fl6u'-urd. a. Not viti- 
ated. Milton. 

UNDEFO RMED, un-de-fSrmd'~. a. Not deformed ; 
not disfigured. Pope. 

UN DELIBERATED, Gn-de-lib'-er-a-ted. a. Not 
careful lv considered. Clarendon. 

UNDELFGHTED, un-de-li'-teU a. Not pleased; 
not touched with pleasure. Milton. 

UNDELFGHTFUL, un-de-llte'-fiM. a. Not giving 
pleasure. Clarendon. 

UNDE.WO'LISHED, fin-de-mol'-lsht. a. Not razed ; 
not thrown down. Phillips. 

UNDEMONSTRABLE, Ctn-de-mon'-stra-bl. a. Not 
capable of fuller evidence. Honker. 

UNDENPABLE, Sn-de-nl'-a-bl. a. Such as cannot 
be gainsaid. Sidney. 

UNDENFABLY, un-de-nl'-a-b!e. ad. So plainly as 
to admit no contradiction. Hammond. 

UNDEPENDING*, un-de-pend'-fng. a. Indepen- | 
dent. Milton. 

IWDEPLO'RED, un-de-pl6rd '. a. Not lamented. 
Druden. 

UNDEPRA'VED, un-de-prav'd / . a. Not corrupted. 
Glanrille. 

UNDEPRFVED, fin-de-prlv'd'. a. Not divested by 
authority ; not stripped of any possession. Dn/dai. 

U'NDER"$, Un'-dfir. 98. preposition, [undar. Goth. ; 
unbep. Sax. ; onder, Dutch.] In a state of subjec- 
tion to. Dryden. In the state of pupilage to. Den- 
liam. Beneath ; so as to be covered, or hidden ; 
not over; not above. Bacon. Below in place; not 
above : this is the sense of under sail ; that is. hav- 
ing the sails spread aloft. Sidney. In a less de- ! 
gree than. Hooker. For less than. Ray. Less than ; ' 
below. Collier. By the show of. Shah With less I 
than. Swift. In the state of inferiority to ; noting ! 
rank or order of precedence. Addison.' In a state j 
of being loaded with. Shak. In a state of oppres- 
sion by, or subjection to. Tillotson. In a state in 
whieh'one is seized or overborne. Popp. In a state 
of being liable to or limited by. Hooker. In a 
state of depression, or dejection by ; in a state of 
inferiority. Shak. In the state of bearing, or be- 
ing known by. Swift. In the state of. Swift. Not 
having reached or arrived to . noting time. Spen- 
ser. Represented by. Addison. In a state of pro- 
tection. Collier. With respect to ; referred to. 
Felton. Attested by. Locke. Subjected to ; being 
the subject of. Burnet. In the next stage of subor- 
dination. Locke. In a state of relation that claims 
protection. It is generally opposed to above, or 



UNDER*, fin'-diir. a. Inferiour ; subject ; subordi 

nate. Chapman. 
UNDER, fin'-dur. 418. ad. In a state of subjection 
or inferiority. 2 Chron. xxviii. Below ; not above. 
Less : opposed to over or more. Addison. It is 
much used in composition, in several senses, which 
the following examples will explain. 
UNDERACTION, un-dur-ak'-shun. n.s. Subordi- 
nate action; action not essential to the main story. 
Dryden. 
UNDERA'GENT*, un-dar-a'-jent. n. s. An agent 

subordinate to the principal agent. South. 
To UNDERBEA'R. 6n-dur-bare'. v. a. To support; 

to endure. Shak. To line ; to guard. Sha/c. 
UNDERBEA'RER, un-dur-ba'-r&r. n. s. In fu- 
nerals, those that sustain the weight of the body, 
distinct from those who are bearers of ceremony, 
and onlv hold up the pall. 
To UNDERBID, un-dur-bld'. v. a. To offer for any 

thing less than it is worth. 
To UNDERBUY* On-dur-bl'. v. a. To buy at less 

than it is worth. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
UNDERCLE'RK, un'-dfir-klark. n.s. A clerk sub- 
ordinate to the principal clerk. Swift. 
UNDERCROFT* un'-dur-kroft. n". s. A vault un- 
der the choir or chancel of a cathedral or other 
church ; also, any secret walk or vault under 
ground. Bullokai\ 
To UNDERDO', nn-dur-d6cV. v. n. To act below 
one's abilities. B. Jonson. To do less than is re- 
quisite. Grew. 
UNDERFA'CTION, fin-dur-fak'-shQn. n. s. Subor- 
dinate faction ; subdivision of a faction. Decay of 
Chr. Piety. 
UNDERFE'LLOW, fin'-dfir-fel-to. n. s. A mean 

man; a sorry wretch. Sidnei). 
UNDERFILLING, un-dur-fil'-lfng. n.s. [under 

and /?//.] Lower part of an edifice. Wutton. 
To UNDERFONG, On-dur-fong'. v. a. [under, and 
randan. Sax.] To take in hand. Spenser. Ob. J. 
UNDERFOOT* Gn'-dnr-fut. ad. Beneath. Milton. 
UNDERFOOT*, un'-dar-fut. a. Low ; base ; ab- 
ject; down-trodden. Milton. 
To UNDERFU'RNISH, Qn-dur-uV-nkh. v. a. To 

supply with less than enough. Collier. 
To UNDERGFRD, fin-dur-gerd'. v. a. To bind 

below; to bind round the bottom. Acts, xxvii. 
To UNDERGO', un-dur-g6'. r. a. [unbeptfaiu 
Sax.] To suffer; to sustain ; to endure evil. Dry- 
den. To support ; to hazard. Shak. To sustain ; 
to be the bearer of; to possess. Shak. To sustain : 
To endure without fainting. Shakspeare. To pass 
through. Burnet. To be subject to. Shakspeare. 
UNDERGRATJUATE*, un-dur-grad'-u-ate. n. s. 
One who has not taken a degree at our universi- 
ties. Dean Prideaujc. 
UNDERGROUND, nn-dur-grSund^ n. s. Subter- 
raneous space. Shakspeare. 
UNDERGROWTH, un-dur-gritfr'. n. s. That 

which grows under the tall wood. Milton. 
UNDERHAND, fin-dur-hand 7 . ad. By means not 
apparent; secretly. Hooker. Clandestinely ; with 
fraudulent secrecy. Sidney. 
UNDERHAND, un-dur-hand'. a. Secret; clandes- 
tine; sly, Shakspeare. 
UNDERFVED, un-de-rlv'd'. 104. a. Not borrowed. 

Locke. 
UNDERKEETER*, un-dftr-keep'-ur. n. s. Any 

subordinate keeper. Gray. 
UNDERLA'BOURER, Qy-dar-la-bur-Qr. n.s. A 

subordinate workman. Wilkins. 
To UNDERLA'Y, un-dfir-la/. v. a. [unbeplec&an, 

Sax.] To strengthen by something laid under. 
UNDERLE'AF, nn-dur-leeP. n.s. A species of ap- 
ple. Mortimer. 
To UNDERLE'T*, un-dfir-leV. v. a. To let below 

the value. Smollett. 
To UNDERLINE, un-dfir-llne'. v. a. To mark- 
wit h lines below the words. To influence secretly 
Wolton. 
UNDERLPNG, fin'-ddr-lmg. 410. n. s. An inferi- 
our agent ; a sorry, mean fellow. Sidney. 



UND 



UND 



— no, move, n6r, ndt ; — tube, tub, bull ; — till ; — pdAnd ; — thin, thjs. 



U NftERMASTER*, an'-dur-ma-star. n. s. A ma 

Bier subordinate to the principal master. Lowth. 
IWiDERMEAL* fin'-dor-meeT. n.s. [unbejin,Sax. 

and meal.] A repast alter dinner. Jf. Jcmson. 
To UNDERMINE, fin-dar-mlne'. i». a. [under and 
mine.] To dig cavities under any tiling, so that it 
may tall, or be blown up; to sap. Derhnm. To 
excavate under. Addison. To injure by clandes- 
tine means. Sidney. 
UNDERMI'NER, nn-dftr-ml'-nur. n. s. Fie that saps; 
he that digs away the supports. Hales. A clan- 
destine enemy. Bacon. 
UNDERMOST, <W-diftr-m6st. a. Lowest in place. 

Bo'/le. Lowest in state or condition. Addison. 
U NDERN* un'-dern. n. s. [unbepn, Sax.] The 
third hour of' the day, or nine of the clock. Chaucer. 
In Chaucer's time the third hour, or undent, was 
the usual hour of dinner. 
UNDERNE'ATH,$n-diV-neTH'. ad. [compounded 
from under and neath, of which we still retain the 
comparative nether, but in adverbial sense use be- 
neath.] In the lower place ; below ; under ; be- 
neath. Milton. 
UNDERNEATH, fln-dfir-neTH'. 467. prep, [un- 

bepneoSan, Sax.l Under. Shakspeare. 
U\DEROFFICER.Gn-diW-6f-?s-ar. n.s. An infe- 
riour officer; one in subordinate authority. Aylift'e. 
UNDERO GATORY, un-de-rog'-ga-t&r-e. a. Not 

derogatory. Boi/le. 
U NDERPART/un'-dur-part. n.s. Subordinate or 

unessential part. Dn/den. 
UNDERPE TTICOAT, ftn-dur-peY-te-kcte. n. s. 

The petticoat worn next the body. Spectator. 
To UNDERPIN, fin-dfir-pfn'. v. a. [under kMpin.] 

To prop ; to support. Hale. 
UNDERPLOT, fin'-dur-ploi. n. s. A series of 
events proceeding collaterally with the main stoiy 
of a play, and subservient to" it. Dryden. A clan- 
destine scheme. Addison. 
To UNDERPRAISE, un-dfir-praze'. v. a. To 

praise below desert. Dryden. 
To UNDERPRIZE, Qn-dar-prlze'. v. a. To value 

at less than the worth. Shakspeare. 
To UNDERPROP, un-dur-pr6p'. v. a. To support ; 

to sustain. Shakspeare. 
UN DERPROPO'RTIONED, fin-dflr-pr6-p6r'- 

shiWd. a. Having too little proportion. Collier. 
UNDERPU'LLER, fin-d6r-pul'-hV. n. s. Inferiour 

or subordinate puller. Collier. 
To UNDERRA'TE, fin-ddr-rate'. r. a. To rate too 

low ; io undervalue. Sir G. Buck. 
UNDERRATE, ftn'-ddr-rate. 498. n.s. A priceless 

than is usual. Cowley. 
To UNDERSAY, fin-dfir-sa'. v. n. To say by way 

of derogation or contradiction. Spenser. Ob. J. 
To UNDERSCORE*, ftn-dftr-skore'. v. a. To mark 

under. Dean Tucker. 
UNDE RSE^ORETARY, fin'-dar-sek'-kre-ta^e. n.s. 

An inferiour or subordinate secretary. Burnet. 
To UNDERSELL, un-dtir-se!'. v. -t. To defeat, by 
selling for less ; to sell cheaper than another. Child. 
UNDERSE'RVANT, Sn'-dfir-seV-vant. n.s. A ser- 
vant of the lower class. Grew. 
[To UNDERSET, an-dur-sct'. v. a. To prop; to 

support. Bacon. 
UNDERSE'TTER, on-dar-s&'-l&r. n. s. Prop ; ped- 
estal ; support. 1 Kings, vM. 
UNDERSETTING, fln-dar-seV-lmg. 410. n. s. 

Lower part ; pedestal. Wotton. 
UNDERSHE'RIFF. an-dur-sheV-?f. n. s. The dep- 
uty of the sheriff. Cleave/and. 
UNDERSHE'RIFFRY, ftn-dflr-sherMf-re. n. s.The 

business or office of an undersheriff. Bacon. 
UNDERSHO'T, fin-dftr-shftt'. part. a. [under and 

shootA Moved by water passing under it. Carew. 
UNDERSONG, fin'-dfir-song. n.s. Chorus ; burthen 

of a song. Spenser. 
To UNDERSTAND $, fin-dor-stand'. v. a. pret. and 
part. pass, understood ; formerly understanded. [un- 
Oepj-fcanban, Sax.] To conceive with adequate 
ideas; to have full knowledge of; to comprehend ; 
lo know. Milion. To know the meaning of 5 to be 



able to interpret. Milton. To suppose to mean. 
Locke. To know by experience. Hfillon. To know 
by instinct. Milton. To interpret, at least mentally ', 
to conceive with respect to meaning. Milion. To 
know another's meaning. Milton. To hold in 
opinion with conviction. Milton. To mean without 
expressing. Miiton. To know what is not express- 
ed. Milton. 
To UNDERSTAND, nn-dfir-stand'. v. n. To have 
the use of intellectual faculties ; to be an intelligent 
or conscious being. Donne. To be informed by 
another. Neh. xiii. Not to bo ignorant ; lo have 
learned. Milton. 
UNDERSTANDABLE*, un-dar-stand'-a-bl. a 

Capable of being understood. Chillingworth. 
UNDERSTANDER*, fin-clur-stand'-Sr. n.s. One 
who understands or knows by experience. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
UNDERSTANDING, fin-dur-slan'-dlng. n. s. In- 
tellectual powers; faculties of the mind, especially 
those of knowledge and judgement. Isaiah. Skill; 
knowledge ; exact comprehension. Locke. Intel- 
ligence; terms of communication. Clarendon. 
UNDERSTANDING, fin-dur-suW-ding. a. Know- 
ing ; skilful. Addison. 
UNDERSTANDINGLY, fin^ur-staV-dtngMe ad. 
With knowledge; with skill. Beaum. andFl. In- 
telligibly'. Burton. 
UNDERSTOOD, fin-dfir-stod'. pret. and part. pass. 

of imderstand. 
UNDERSTRAPPER, tm'-dur-strap-pur. n. s. [tin- 
der and strap.] A petty fellow ; an inferiour agent 
Swift. 
UNDE RTAK ABLE*, fin-dur-ta'-ka-bl. a. That 

mav be undertaken. Chillingworth. 
To UNDERTAKE §, fin-dnr-take'. v. a. pret. un- 
dertook; participle pass, undertaken, [underfangen, 
Germ.] To attempt ; to engage in. Sliak. To as- 
sume a character. Slvtk. To engage with ; to at- 
tack. Shak. To have the charge of. Shakspeare. 
To UNDERTAKE, fin-dfir-take'. v. n. To assume 
any business or province. Isa. xxxviii. To venture; 
to "hazard. Shak. To promise ; to stand bound to 
some condition. Woodward. 
UNDERTAKEN, un-dur-uV-k'n. part, passive of 

undertake. 
UNDERTAKER, fin-dur-ta'-kur. 98. n. s. One 
who engages in projects and affairs. Clarendon. 
One who engages to build for another at a certain 
price. Swift. One who manages funerals. Young, 
UNDERTAKING, uii-dur-ta'-k'mg. n.s. Attempt} 

enterprise ; engagement. Raleigh. 
UNDERTENANT, un-dur-teV-ant. n. s. A sec- 
ondary tenant; one who holds from him that holds, 
from the owner. Daries. 
UNDERTIME* aft'-dftr-tkne. n. s. Undern-tide ; af- 
ter dinner ; in the evening. See Undekn. Spenser. 
UNDERTOOK, un-dur-took'. pret. of undertake. 
UNDERVALUATION, un-dfir-val-i-a'-shun. n. s. 

Rate not equal to the worth. Wotton. 
To UNDERVALUE, un-dftr-vaF-u. v. a. To rate 
low; to esteem lightly; to treat as of little worth. 
Sheik. To depress; to make low in estimation; 
to despise. Dn/den. 
UNDERVALUE, mi-ddr-vaF-6. 493. n. s. Low 

rate ; vile price. Temple. 
UNDERVA'LUER, un-d$r-val / -u-ur. n. s. One who 

esteems lightly. Walton. 
UNDERWENT, fin-dfir-went'. pret. of undergo. 
UNDERWOOD, fin'-dfir-wud. n. s. [under and 
wood.] The low trees that grow among the timber. 
Mortimer. 
UNDERWORK, fin'-dur-wftrk. 498. n. s. Subor- 
dinate business; petty affairs. Addison. 
To UNDERWO RK, ftn-dflr-wftrk'. v. a. pret. and 
part. pass, underworked, or underwrought. To de- 
stroy by clandestine measures. Shak. To labour 
or polish less than enough. Dryden, To work at 
a price below the common. 
UNDERWO'RKMAN, on-dur-wark'-man. n. s An 

inferiour or subordinate labourer. Leslie. 
To UNDERWRITE, un-dfir-rkV. v. a. [unben- 
965 



UND 



UND 



[IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin;— 



^pitaa Sax.] To write under something else. 
Sidney. 

UNDERWRITER, un-dfir-rl'-tur n. s. An en- 
surer ; so called from writing his name under the 
conditions. 

UNDESCRFBED, fin-de-skrlb'd'. a. Not described. 
Hooker^ 

UNDESCRFED, un-de-skrlde'. 382. a. Not seen 3 
unseen; undiscovered. Wollaston. 

UNDESERVED, un-de-zervd'. a. Not merited; 
not obtained by merit. Sidneij. Not incurred by 
fault. Addison. 

UNDESERVEDLY, un-de-zer'-ved-le. 364. ad. 
Without desert, whether of good or ill. Hooker. 

.■UNDESE'RVEDNESS*, un-de-zeV-ved-nes. n. s. 
Want of being worthy. R. Newton. 

UNDESE'RVER, un-de-zeV-v&r. n. s. One of no 
merit. Shakspeare. 

UNDESERVING, ^n-de-zeV-vfng. a. Not having 
merit; not having any worth. Addison Not merit- 
ing any particular advantage or hurt. Sidney. 

UNDESERVINGLY*, un-de-zeV-vmg-le. ad. 
Without meriting any particular harm or advan- 
tage. Milton. 

UNDESIGNED, fm-de-sind'. 359. a. Not intended; 
not purposed. South. 

UNDESIGNEDLY*, un-de-sl'-ned-le. ad. Without 
being designed. Bryant. 

UNDESFGNEDNESS*, un-de-sl'-ned-nes. n. s. 
Want of a set purpose ; freedom from design ; ac- 
cidental ness. Paley. 

UNDESI'GNING, un-de-sl'-nlng. a. Not acting with 
any set purpose. Blackmore. Having no artful or 
fraudulent schemes ; sincere. South. 

UND ESFR ABLE, un-de-zl'-ra-bl. a. Not to be 
wished ; not pleasing. Milton. 

UNDESPRED, un-de-zird'. 359. a. Not wished; 
not solicited. Dryden. 

UNDESFRING, un-de-zF-rfng. a. Negligent; not 
wishing. Dryden. 

UNDESPA'IRING*, un-de-spa'-rlng. a. Not giving 
way to despair. Dyer. 

UNDESTRO'YABLE, un-de-sir6e'-a-bl. a. Inde- 
structible ; not susceptive of destruction. Boyle. 
Ob. /. 

UNDESTRO'YED, un-de-strofd'. 382. a. Not de- 
stroyed. Locke. 

UNDETERMINABLE, un-de-ter'-mfn-a-bl. a. Im- 
possible to be decided. Wotton. 

UNDETE'RMINATE, un-de-uV-mm-at. 91. a. 
Not settled ; not decided ; contingent : regularly, 
indeterminate. South. Not fixed. More. 

UNDETE'RMINATENESS, un-de-teV-mm-at- ) 
lies, i 

UNDETERMINA'TION, un-de-ter-mfn-a'-shun. ) 
9u K. Uncertainty ; indecision. Hale. The state 
of not being fixed, or invincibly directed. More. 

UNDETERMINED, fiu-de-ter'-mind. a. Unset- 
tied; undecided. Locke. Not limited; not regu- 
lated ; not defined. Hale. 

UNDETESTING^un-de-tesl'-fng. a. Not detest- 
ing; not holding in abhorrence. Thomson. 

UN DEVIATING*, un-de'-ve-a-ting. a. Not depart- 
ing from the usual way ; regular. Dr. Warton. 
Not erring; not crooked. Cowper. 

UNDEVO'TED, fin-de-vfr-ted. a. Not devoted. 
Clarendon. 

UNDEVO'UT*, un-de-v6ut'. a. Not devout; with- 
out devotion. Maundrell. 

UNDIA'PHANOUS, un-dl-af-fa-nas. 116. a. Not 
pellucid; not transparent. Boyle. 

UNDFD, ftn-dld'. The preterit of undo. Roscom- 
mon. 

UNDIGESTED, finrde-j^st'-ed. a. Not concocted ; 
not subdued by the stomach. Arbuthnot. Not propr 
erl.y disposed ; not reduced to order. Fanshawe. 
To UNDFGHT, un-dlte'. v.a. pret. and part. pass. 

undight. To put off. Spenser. 
UNDIMFNISHABLE*, fin-de-mm'-ish-a-bl. a. That 

may not be diminished. More. 
UNDIMINISHED, on-de-mhi'.-isht. a. Not impair- 
ed;, not lessened. Milton.. 



UNDFNTED, un-dint'-ed. a. Not impressed by a 
blow. Shakspeare. 

UNDFPPED, un-dipt'. 359. a. Not dipped; not 
plunged. Dryden. 

UNDIRECTED, dn-de-rekt'-ed. a. Not directed. 
1 Spenser. 

i UNDISCE'RNED, un-dlz-zernd'. a. Not observed ; 
I not discovered ; not descried. Brown. 
lUNDISCE'RNEDLXun-diz-zeV-ned-le. 364. ad. 
i So as to be undiscovered. Boyle. 
1 UNDISCE'RNIBLE, an-diz-zern'-e-bl. a. Not to be 
i discerned; invisible. Shakspeare. 

UNDISCERNIBLENESS*, un-diz-ze>n'-e-bl-nes. 
n. s. State or quality of beiner undiscernible. Ellis. 

UNDISCE'RNIBLY, un-diz-zern'-e-ble. ad. Invisi- 
bly ; imperceptibly. South. 

UNDISCERNING^n-d'fz-zern'-lng. a. Injudicious ; 
incapable of making due distinction. Donne. 

UNDISCIPLINED, fin-dfs'-sfp-plfnd. a. Not subdu- 
ed to regularity and order. Bp. Taylor. Untaught ; 
uninstructed. King Charles. 

To UNDISCLOSED fin-dis-kloze', v.a. Not to dis- 
cover ; not to unfold. Daniel. 

UN DISCORDING, un-dls-kord'-lng. a. Not disa- 
greeing; not jarring in musick. Muton. 

UNDISCO VERABLE, un-dis-kuv'-dr-a-bl. a. Not 
to be found out. Rogers. 

UNDISCO/VERED, un-d?s-kuv'-urd. a. Not seen ; 
not descried ; not found out. Sidney. 

UNDISCRE'ET^n-dfs-kreet'. a. Not wise; impru- 
dent. Ecclus. xxvii. 

UNDISCRE'ETLY*, un-dis-kreet'-le. ad. Improvi- 
dently ; unwisely. Burton. 

UNDISGUISED, un-dfs-gylz'd'. a. Open; artless; 
plain ; exposed to view. Dryden. 

UNDISHO'NOURED, un-dfs-dn'-nurd. a. Not dis- 
honoured. Shakspeare. 

UNDISMAYED, an-d?z-made'. a. Not discouraged; 
not depressed with fear. Milton. 

UNDISOBLFGING, un-d?s-6-blee'-jlng. 111. a. In- 
offensive. Broome. 

UNDISPENSED, fin-dls-perst'. a. Not scattered. 

UNDISPOSED. un-d?s- P 6z'd'. a. Not bestowed. 

Swift. 

LND1SPUTABLE*, un-dis'-pu-ta-bl, or un-dfs- 
pu'-ta-bl. [See Disputable.] «. Not to be dis- 
puted. Whitlock. 

UNDISPUTED, fin-dls-ptV-ted. a. Incontrovertible ; 
evident. Dryden. 

UNDISSE'MBLED, fin-dlz-zem'-bl'd. a. Openly 
declared. Warton. Honest ; not feigned. Atter- 
bury. 

UNDISSEMBL1NG*, un-dfz-zem'-blmg. a. Not 
dissembling ; never false. Thomson. 

UNDISSIPATED, un-dls'-se-pa-uki. a. Notscat 
tered ; not dispersed. Boyle. 

UNDISSO'LVABLE, un-d?z-z6l'-va-bl. a. That 
cannot be dissolved, or melted. Grcenhill. That 
may not be loosed or broken. Rowe. 

UNDISSOLVED*, un-diz-zdlv'd'. a. Not melted 
Cowper. 

UNDISSOLVING, un-diz-z5l'-v?ng. a. Never melt 
ing. Addison. 

UNDISTEMPERED, un-dis-tem'-p&r'd. a. Free 
from disease. Free from perturbation. Temple. 

UNDISTFNGUISHABLE^n-dis-ting'-gwIsh-a-bl. 
a. Not to be distinctly seen. Shak. Not to be 
known by any peculiar property. Locke. 

UN DISTFN G UIS H ABLY*, fin-dis-t'fng'-gwlsh-a- 
ble. ad. Without distinction ; so as not to be known 
from each other ; so as not separately and plainly 
descried. Barrow. 

UNDISTFNGUISHED, fin-dls-tlng'-gwlsht. 359. a.. 
Not marked out so as to be known from each 
other. Dnjden. Not to be seen otherwise than con- 
fusedly ; not separately and plainly descried. 
Dryden. Not plainly discerned. Swift. Admit- 
ting nothing between ; having no intervenient 
space. Shak. Not marked by any particular 
property. Denham. Not treated with any particu- 
lar respect.. Rope. 

9G6 



UND 



UNE 



-no m6ve, ndr, not;— tube, tub, bull; — 611 ; — pdftnd ; — ^/tin, THis. 



LJNDISTI/NGUISHING. ftn-dls-lfcig'-gfwlsh-lug. a. i 

Making no difference. Addison. 
UN DISTOR'TED*, un-dis-tdrt'-ed. a. Not distorted ; | 

not perverted. More. 
UNDISTRA'CTED. un-dis-trak'-ted. a. Not per- i 

plexed by contrariety of thoughts or desires. Boi/le. \ 
UNDISTRA'CTEDLY, u.wlis-tnik'-ted-le. ad.\ 

Without disturbance from contrariety of sentiments. 

Boyle. 
INlVlSTRA'CTEDNESS.un-dis-triik'-ted-nes.n.^. 

Freedom from interruption by different thoughts. 

UNDlSTU'RBED,un-d?s-turb'd'. a. Free from per- 
turbation ; calm ; tranquil ; placid. Milton. Not 
interrupted by any hinderance or molestation. Dry- 
den. Not agitated. Dry den. 

I NDISTU'RBEDLY, un-dls-turb'-ed-le. ad. Calm- 
lv ; peacefully. Locke. 

I'XDISTU'RBEDNESS*, fin-dis-uW-ed-nes. n.s. 
State of being undisturbed. Dr. Snape. 

UNDIVE'RTED*, ftn-de-vert'-ed. a. Not amused; 
not pleased. Wakefield. 

I'ND'Vl DABLE. Qn-de-vl'-da-bl. a. Not separable ; 
not susceptive of division. ShaJcspeare. 

UNDIVI DED. un-de-vl'-ded. a. Unbroken ; whole; 
not parted. Bp. Taylor. 

UNDlVTDEDLY*,un-de-vI'-ded-le. ad. So as not 
to lie parted. Feltham. 

UNDIVORCED*, un-de-v6rst'. a. Not divorced; 
not separated ; not parted. Young. 

UXDIVU'LGED. un-de-vu!j ? d'. a. Secret; not pro- 
mulgated. ^Shakspeare. 

To UN DO' §, Cin-doS'. v. a. preterit undid ; part, pas- 1 
sive undone. To ruin ; to bring to destruction. 
Hayicard. To loose ; to open what is shut or fas- 
tened ; to unravel. Sidney. To change any thing 
done to its former state ; to recall, or annul any 
action. Hooker. 

UN DO'ER* un-doo'-ur. n.s. One who ruins or 
brings to destruction. Hey wood. 

UNDOING, un-dSo'-ing. a. Ruining ; destructive. 
South. 

UNDOING, un-do5'-?ng. n.s. Ruin; destruction; 
fatal mischief. Hooker. 

UNDO NE, On-dun', a. Not done ; not performed. 
Clarendon. Ruined ; brought to destruction. 
Daniel. 

UNDOUBTED, un-dout'-ed. a. Indubitable; indis- 
putable ; unquestionable. Shakspeare. 

UNDOUBTEDLY, un-dout'-ed-le. ad. Indubitably; 
without question; without doubt. Hooker. 

UNDOUBTFUL*, un-ddut'-f&l. a. Not doubtful; 
plain ; evident. Shakspeare. 

UN DOUBTING, dn-doftt'-fng. a. Admitting no 
doubt. Hammond. 

UNDRA'WN, fin-drawn', a. Not pulled by any ex- 
ternal force. Milton. Not porlraved. Young. 

UNDRE'ADED,fin-dred'-§d. a. Not feared. Milton. 

UNDRE'AMED, fin-dremd'. 369. a. Not thought 
on. Sliakspeare. 

To LNDRE'SS, un-dres'. v. a. To divest of clothes ; 
to strip. Shak. To divest of ornaments, or the at- 
tire of ostentation. Prior. To take off the dress- 
ing from I he wound. Darenant. 

UNDRESS, Sn'-dres. 498. n. s. A loose or negli- 
gent dress. Dryden. 

UNDRE'SSED, un-drest'. a. Not regulated. Dry- 
den. Not prepared for use. Arlmthnot. 

UN DRI'ED, ftn-dride'. a. Not dried. Dryden. 

UNDRIVEN, fin-driv'-vn. 103. a. Not impelled 
eiiher wav. Dryden. 

UNDRO'OPlNG*, un-droop'-ing. a. Not sinking ; 
not despairing. Thomson. 

UNDRO'SSY, fin-dros'-se. a. Free from recrement. 
Phillip*. 

UN DROWNED*, fin-drdund'. a. Not drowned. 
Shakspeare. 

UNDU BITABLE, fin-du'-be-ta-bi. a. Not admitting 
doubt ; unquestionable. Locke. 

UNDUE. fiu-diV. a. [indue. Fr.] Not right ; not le- 
sral. Bacon. Not agreeable to duly. After bury. 

UNDULARY, fin'-ju-la-re. 376. a. [rtndulo, Lat.] 



Playing like waves; playing with intermissions. 
Brotni. 

To UNDULATES, fin'-ju-late. hw». [undulo, Lat.J 
To drive backward and forward ; to make to play 
as waves. Holder. 

To U'NDULATE, fin'-ju-late. v.n. To play as wave* 
in curls. Pope. 

UNDULATED*, fin'-ju-la-ted. a. Having the ap- 
pearance of waves. Evelyn. 

UNDULATION, fin-ju-la'-shfin. n. s. Waving mo- 
tion. Brown. Appearance of waves. Evelyn. 

U'NDULATORY, fin'-ju-la-t6-re. 5P2. a. Moving 
in the manner of waves. Arlmthnot. 

ToUNDU'LL*, fin-dfil'. v. a. To remove dulness 
from ; to clear; to purify. Wltitlock. 

UNDULY, fin-du'-le. ad. Not properly; not accord 
ing to duty. Sprat. 

UNDU'RABLE*, fin-dfi'-ra-bl. a. Not lasting. Arch- 
deacon Arnway. 

To UNDU'ST*, fin-dust', v. a. To free from dust ; 
to cleanse. W. Mountague. 

UNDU'TEOUS, fin-duAte-fis. 376. a. Not perform- 
ing duty ; irreverent ; disobedient. Shakspeare. 

UNDU'TIFUL,un-du'-te-ful. a. Not obedient ; not 
reverent. Spenser. 

UNDU TIFULLY, fin-du'-te-ffil-le. ad. Not accord- 
ing to dutv. Dryden. 

UNDU'TlFULNESS, fin-du'-te-ffil-nes. n. s. Wan* 
of respect; irreverence; disobedience. Spenser. 

UNDY'ING, fin-di'-fng. a. Not destroyed ; not 
perishing. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNE'ARNED, fin-emd'. 359. a. Not obtained by 
labour or merit. Shakspeare. 

UNE'ARTHED, fin-ert/tt'. 359. a. Driven from the 
den in the ground. Thomson. 

UNEARTHLY, fin-ert/i'-le. a. Not terrestrial. Shak. 

UNE'ASILY, fin-e'-ze-le. ad. Not without pain. 
Tillotson. 

UNE'ASINESS, fin-e'-ze-nes. n. s. Trouble ; per- 
plexity ; state of disquiet. Shakspeare. 

UNE'AS Y, fin-e'-ze. a. Painful ; giving disturbance. 
Bp. Taylor. Disturbed; not at ease. Tillotson. 
Constraining ; cramping. Roscommon. Constrain- 
ed ; not disengaged ; stiff. Locke. Peevish ; diffi- 
cult to please. Addison. Difficult. Shakspeare. 

UNE'ATEN, fin-e'-tn. 103. a. Not devoured. Claren- 
don. 

UNE'ATH, un-&/i'. ad. [from eath; eaS, Sax.] Not 
easily. Shak. Under ; below. Spenser. Ob. J. 

UNE'DIFYING, fin-ed'-e-fl-ing. a. Not improving 
in good life. Alter bury. 

UNEPDUCATE*. fin-ed'-ifi-kate. ) a. Not hav- 

UNE'DUCATED*, fin-ed'-ju-ka-ted. \ ing receiv- 
ed education. Hale. 

UNEFFE'CTUAL*, fin-ef-fek'-tsbu-al. a. Having 
no effect. Shakspeare. 

UNELE'CTED, fiu-e-lek'-ted. a. Not chosen. Shak. 

UNE'LIGIBLE, fin-el'-e-je-bl. a. Not proper lo be 
chosen. Rogers. 

UNEMPLOYED, fin-em-pl6id'. a. Not busy; at 
leisure ; idle. Milton. Not engaged in any par- 
ticular work. Dryden. 

UNE'MPTIABLE. fin-em'-te-a-bl. a. Not to be 
emptied ; inexhaustible. Hooker. Ob. J. 

UNENCHA'NTED*, un-en-tshant'-ed. a. That can- 
not be enchanted. Milton. 

UNENDE'ARED*, fin-en-deerd'. a. Not attended 
with endearment. Milton. 

UNENDO'WED, fin-en-dfiud'. a. Not invested; 
not graced. Clarendon. 

UNEINGA'GED, fin-en-gajd'. a. Not engaged; not 
appropriated. Sicift. 

UNENJO'YED, fin-en-jSid'. a. Not obtained; not 
possessed. Dryden. 

UNENJCYING, fin-en-j6e'-ing. a. Not using ; hav- 
ing no fruition. Creech. 

UNENLARGED, un-en-larjd'. a. Not enlarged 
narrow ; contracted. Watts. 

UNENLIGHTENED, fin-en-ll'-tnd. 359. a. Not 
illuminated. Atterhury. 

UNENSLA'VED, fiu-eu-slavd'. a. Free; not en- 
thralled. Addison. 

967 



UNE 



UNF 



(CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, pin: 



To UNENTA'NGLEMn-gn-tang'-ffl. "• a. To free 
from perplexity or difficulty ; to disentangle. Donne. 
UNENTERTATNING,un-&i-tar-ta'-ning. a. Giv- 
ing no delight ; giving no entertainment. Pope. 
UNENTERTA'ININGNESS*, un-Sn-t&r-ta'-nmg- 
p.&s. n. s. That which affords no entertainment. 
Gnu/. 
UNENTHRA'LLED* un-en-tfirawld'. a. Unen- 

slaved. Milton. 
UNENTO'MBED, un-eu-tSomd'. a. Unburied j un- 
intended. Dry den. 

UNE NVIED, fin-fin'-vld. 282. a. Exempt from en- 
vy. Bacon. 

UNEQUABLE, un-e'-kwa-bl. a. Different from it- 
self; diverse. Bentley. 

UNE QUAL, un-eMcwal. a. [inaequalis, Lat.] Not 
even. Shak. Not equal ; inferiour. Milton. Par- 
tial; not bestowing on both the same advantages. 
Denham. \inegal, Fr.] Disproportioned ; ill match- 
ed. Milton. Not regular; not uniform. Dryden. 
Not just, B. Jonson. 

UNEQUAL ABLE, un-e'-kwal-a-bl. a. Not to be 
equalled; not to be paralleled. Boyle. 

UNEQUALLED, un-e'-kwald. 406. a. Unparallel- 
ed; unrivalled in excellence. Boyle. 

UNEQUALLY, un-e'-kwal-le. ad. In different de- 
grees; in disproportion one to the other. Pope, 
Not justly. Spenser. 

UNE'QUALNESS, un-e'-kwal-ne^s. n.s. Inequality; 
slate of being unequal. Temple. 

UNEQUITABLE, nn-eV-kwe-ta-bl. a. Not impar- 
tial ; not just. Decay ofChr. Piety. 

UNEQUIVOCAL, fin-e-kwlv'-o-kal. a. Not equiv- 
ocal. Brown. 

UNE RRABLE*, un-eV-ra-bl. «. Incapable of er- 
rour; infallible. Sheldon. 

UNE'RRABLENESS, un-eV-ra-bl-n£s. n. s. Inca- 
pacity of errour. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

UNERRING, un-eV-rmg. 410. a. [inerrans, Lat.] 
Committing no mistake. Rogers. Incapable of 
failure ; certain. Denham. 

UNERRINGLY, ttn-eV-rmg-le. ad. Without mis- 
take. Glanville. 

UNESCHE'WABLE, un es-tshoO'-a-bl. a. Inevita- 
ble ; unavoidable ; not to be escaped. Carew. 
Ob. J. 

UNESPI ED, un-e-splde'. 282. a. Not seen ; undis- 
covered ; undescried. Hooker. 

UNESSA YED* un-es-sade'.a. Unattempted. Milt. 

UNESSE'NTIAL, un-e's-sen'-shal. a. Not being of 
the last importance ; not constituting essence. 
Addison. Void of real being. Milton. 

To UNESTA'BLISH*, un-e-slab'-llsh. v. a. To de- 
prive of establishment. Milton. 

UNESTA'BLISHED, un-e-stab'-lisht. a. Not estab- 
lished. Brown. 

UNE'VEN, un-e'-vn. 103. a. Not even; not level. 
Slia/c. Not suiting each other; not equal. Peach- 
am. 

UNE'VENNESS, un-e'-vn-n£s. n. s. Surface not 
level ; inequality of surface. Ray. Turbulence ; 
changeable state. Hale. Not smoothness. Burnet. 

UNE'VITABLE, un-ev'-e-la-bl. a. [inevitabilis . 
Lat. ; inevitable, Fr.] Inevitable ; not to be escaped. 
Sidney. 

UNEXA'CTED, un-%-zak'-ted. a. Not exacted; 
not taken bv force. Dry den. 

UNEXA'MlNABLE*, un-eg-zam'-m-a-bl. a. Not to 
be inquired into. Milton. 

UNEXA'MlNED.un-eg-zam'-md. a. Not inquired; 
not tried ; not discussed. Shakspeare. 

UNEXA'MPLED, un-eg-zam'-pld. a. Not known 
by any precedent or example. Raleigh. 

UNEXCEPTIONABLE, un-ek-sep'-shun-a-bl. a. 
Not liable to anv objection. Atterbury. 

UNEXCETTIONABLENESS*, iWk-sep'-shun- 
a-bl-nes. n. s. Stale or quality of being unexcep- 
tionable. More. 

UNEXCE'PTIONABLY*, un-ek-sep'-shfin-a-ble. 
ad. So as to be not liable to objection. West. 

UNEXCFSED, un-ek-sizd'. a. Not subject to the 
payment of excise. Brown. 



UNEXCO'GITABLE, un-gks-kSd'-je-ta-bl. a. Not 

to be found out. Raleigh. 
UNEXCU'SABLE*, nn-ek-sku'-za-bl. a. Having no 

excuse; admitting of no excuse. Hay ward. 
UNEXCU'SABLENESS^.fln^k-skiV-za-bl-n^s.n.*. 
State or quality of being unexcusable. Hammond. 
UNEXECUTED, fin-ek'-se-ku-ted. a. Not perform- 
ed ; not done. Shakspeare. 
UNEXE'MPLIFIED, un-%-zem'-ple-flde. a. Not 

made known by instance or example. Boyle. 
UNEXE'MPT, fin-eg-zempt'. a. Not free by pecu- 
liar privilege. Milton. 
UNEXERCISED, un-eV-ser-slzd. a. Not practised 

not experienced. Dryden. 
UNEXE'RTED*, un-eg-zert'-cd. a. Not called into 

action; not put forth. Brown. 
UNEXHAUSTED, un-^ks-haws'-ted. a. [inexhans 
tits, Lat.] Not spent; not drained to the bottom 
Addison. 
UNEXFSTENT*, tm-Zg-zm'-tnl. a. Not in exist 

ence. Brown. 
UNEXPA'NDED, un-elcs-pan'-ded. a. Not spread 

out. Blackmore. 
UNEXPECTA'TION*, un-£k-sp£k-ia'-shan. n. s. 
Want of previous consideration; want of foresight. 
Bp. Half. 
UNEXPECTED, un-^k-spek'-teU a. Not thought 

on ; sudden ; not provided against. Hooker. 
UNEXPECTEDLY, un-ek-speV-ted-le. ad. Sud- 
denly ; at a time unthought of. Milton. 
UNEXPECTEDNESS, un-gk-spek'-uSd-nes. n.s. 
Suddenness; unthought of time or manner. Wutts. 
UNEXPE DIENT, im-ek-spe'-de-eut. [See Expe- 
dient.] a. Inconvenient ; not fit Milton. 
UNEXPE'NSIVE*, un-ek-spen'-slv. a. Not costly ; 

not with great expense. Milton. 
UNEXPE'RIENCED^n-eks-pe'-re-eV.st. 359. a. Not 
versed ; not acquainted by trial or practice. Milton. 
UNEXPE RT, un-^ks-peVt'. a. [inexpertus, Lat.] 

Wanting skill or knowledge. Prior. 
UNEXPLO RED, un-eks-p^rd'. a. Not searched 

out. Pope. Not tried ; not known. Dryden. 
UNEXPOSED, 6n-^ks-p6zd / . a. Not laid open to 

censure. Watts. 
UNEXPRE'SSIBLE, un-eks-pres'-se-bl. a. Ineffa- 
ble ; not to be uttered. Tillotson. 
UNEXPRESSIVE, un-£ks-preV-s?v. a. Not having 
the power of uttering or expressing. Inexpressible; 
unutterable; ineffable; not to be expressed. ShcJc- 
speare. See the negative particle Un. 
UNEXTENDED, fin-eks-ten'-ded. a. Occupying no 

assignable space ; having no dimensions. Locke. 
UNEXTFNGUISHABLE^ln-eks-ting'-gwrsh-a-bl. 

a. Unquenchable ; not to be put out. Milton. 
UNEXTINGUISHED, un-^ks-tlng'-gwisht. 359. a. 
[inextinctus, Lat.] Not quenched ; not put out. 
Dn/den. Not extinguishable. Dryden. 
UNFA'DED, un-fa/-d£d. a. Not withered. Dryden. 
UNFADING, un-fa'-dlng. 410. a. Not liable to with- 
er. Pope. 
UNFA'DINGNESS*, un-fiV-dmg-nes. n.s. Quality 

of being unfading. Polwhele. 
UNFA'ILABLE*, un-fa'-la-bl. a. That cannot fail 

Bp. Hall. 
UNFA ILABLENESS*, Qn-fa'-la-bl-nSs. n.s. State 

which cannot fail. Bp. Hull. 
UNFAILING, un-fa'-l'lng. 410. a. Certain; not mis 

sing. Sonth. 
UNFA'ILINGNESS*, un-fa'-ling-ngs. n.s. The stale 

of being unfailing. Bp. Hall. 
UNFAINT1NG*, un-fant'-ing. a. Not sinking; not 

drooping. Sandys. 
UNFAIR, un-fare'. a. [unpse£ep, Sax.] Disingen- 
uous; subdolous ; not honest. Swift. 
UNFATRLY, fin-fare'-le. ad. Not in a just manner. 

Parnel. 
UNFAIRNESS*, un-fare'-n£s. n.s. Unfair dealing; 

disingenuous conduct. Bentley. 
UNFATTHFUL, fin-fatfi'-ful. a. Perfidious; treach- 
erous. Shak. Impious; infidel. Milton. 
UNFAITHFULLY, un-iatfi'-ful-e. ad. Treacherous- 
ly ; perfidiously. Bacon. 

968 



UNF 



UNF 



-116, move, nfir, not -, — t6l>e, tfib, bull ; — 6fl ;— pound ; — tlnn, THis. 



UNFAITHFULNESS, un-fa//i'-ful-nes. n. s. 
Treachery; perfidiousness. Boyle. 

UNFA'LLOWED, fin-nil -lode. a. Not fallowed. 
PhilKps. 

UN FA ."VI I LIAR, fin-fii-mil -yar. a. Unaccustomed; 
such as is not common. Hooker. 

UNFASHIONABLE. fin-fash- -fln-a-bl. a. Not mo- 
dish ; not according to the reigning custom. Wafts. 

UNFASHIONABLENESS, un-lash'-un-a-bl-nes. 
n. s. Deviation from the mode. Locke. 

UNFA SHIONABLY.fin-fash'-fin-a-ble. ad. Not ac- 
cording to the fashion. Unartful! v. Sha/cspeare. 

UNFA SHIONED, fin-fash'-find. 'a. Not modified 
by art. Dnjden. Having no regular form. Dry- 

UNFA/ST* On-fast', a. [unpaept, Sax.] Not safe ; 

not secure. 
To UNFASTEN, fin-fus'-su. 472. v. a. To loose ; 

to unfix. Sidney. 
UNFA THERED.fin-fa'-THfird. a. Fatherless; hav- 
ing no father. Shakspeare. 
UNFATHOMABLE, ftn-faTH'-fim-a-bl. a. Not to 
be sounded by a line. Addison. That of which 
the end or extent cannot be found. Bentley. 
l\\FATHOMABLENESS*,fin-faTH'-fim-a-bl-nes. 
it. A State or quality of being unfathomable. Nor- 
ris. 
UNFA THOMABLY, fin faTH'-fin-a-ble. ad. So as 

not to be sounded. Thomson. 
IN FATHOMED.. fln-faTH'-flmd. a. Not to be 

sounded. Dryden. 
UNFAT1 GUED, fin-fa-teegd'. a. Unwearied; un- 

tired. Phillips. 
UNFA VOUR ABLE, fin-fa'-vfir-a-bl. a. Not kind. 

Warton. Disapproving. Robertson. 
UNFAVOURABLY, fin-fa'-vfir-a-ble. ad. Unkind- 
ly ; unpropitiously. So as not to countenance, or 
support. Glanville. 
UNFE'ARED, fin-ferd'. a. Not affrighted; intrepid ; 
not terrified. B. Jonson. Not dreaded ; not re- 
garded with terrour. Milton. 
UNFEASIBLE, fin-fe'-ze-bl. 405. a. Impracticable. 

Bp. Richardson. 
UNTE ATHERED, fin-fern -fird. a. Implumous ; 

naked of feathers. Drvden. 
UNFE ATURED, Qn-fe'-tshurd. a. Deformed; 

wanting regularity of features. Dmjden. 
UNFE D, fin-fed', a. Not supplied with food. Spen-\\ 

ser. 
UNFE ED, fin-feed', a. Unpaid. Shakspeare. 
UNFEELLNG, fin-fee'-ling. a. Inseasible; void of 

mental sensibility. Sliakspea/e. 
UNFE ELINGLY*, fin-fe'-ling-le. ad. Without sen- 

sibilitv. Sterne. 
UNFE ELINGNESS*, fin-fe'-ling-nes. n. s. Want 
ofleelingr. Dr. Warton 



UNFI'RM,fln-ferm'. a. Weak; feeble. Shak. Not 
stable. Dryden. 

UNFIT, fin-fit', a. Improper; unsuitable. Hooker, 

Unqualified. Spenser. 
To UNFI'T, fin-fit'. via. To disqualify. Government 
of the Tongue. 

IN FI'TLY , fin-fit'-le. ad. Not properly ; not suitably. 

UNFITNESS, fin-fit'-nes. n. s. Want of qualifica- 
tions. Hooker. Want of propriety. 

UNFITTING, fin-fit' -ting. 410. a. Not proper. 
Camden. 

ToUNFI'X, fin-fiks'. v. a. To loosen ; to make less 
fast. Shak. To make fluid. Dryden. 

UNFIXED, fin-fikst'. a. Wandering; erratick; in- 
constant ; vagrant. Di~yden. Not determined. 
Dryden. 

UNFl'XEDNESS*. fin-fiks'-ed-n^s. n. s. The state 
of being unfixed ; power of roving at large. Bar- 
row. 

UNFLA'GGING*, fin-flag'-ging. a. Maintaining 
spirit; not flagging; not drooping. South. 

UNFLATTERED*, fin-flat'-tfird. a. Not flattered ; 
not gratified with servile obsequiousness. Young. 

UNFLATTERING*, fin-flat'-tfir-ing. a. Not con- 
cealing the truth ; not gratifying with servile obse- 
quiousness; sincere. Sherburne. 

UNFLE'DGED, fin-fledjd'. 359. a. That has not yet 
the full furniture of feathers ; young; not completed 
by lime ; not having attained full growth. Sliak. 

UNFLE'SHED, fin-flesht'. 359. a. Not fleshed; not 
seasoned to blood ; raw. Cowley. 

UNFOTLED, fin-foild'. a. Unsubdued ; not put to 
the worst. Temple. 

To UNFO'LD, fin-fold', v. a. [unpealban, Sax.] To 
expand; to spread; to open. Milton. To tell; to 
declare. Sliak. To discover ; to reveal. Newton. 
To display ; to set to view. Burnet. To release or 
dismiss from a fold. Shakspeare. 

UNFO'LDINGf, fin-fbld'-ing. 410. a. Directing to 
unfold. 



UNFEIGNED, fin-fand\ a. Not counterfeited ; not 
hvpocritioal ; real ; sincere. Shakspeare. 

UNFE'IGNEDLY. fin-fa'-ned-l£. 364. ad. Really; 
sincerelv ; without hypocrisy. Comm. Prayer. 

UNFE LLOWED*, fin-fel'-lfide. a. Not matched. 
Archdeacon Arnv;ay. 

UNFE'LT. fin-felt', a. Not fell; not perceived. Sliak. 

To UNFE NCE*, fin-fense'. w. a. To take away a 
fence. South. 

UNFE NCED, fin-fenst'. 359. a. Naked of fortifica- 
tion. Sliak. Not surrounded by anv enclosure. 

UNFERMENTED, fin-fer-ment'-eU a. Not fer- 
mented. Arhuthnot. 

UNFE RTILE, fin-ferMil. a. Not fruitful; not pro- 
lifif-k. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

To UNFETTER, fin-fet'-tfir. v. a. To unchain ; to 
free from shackles. Dryden. 

UNFI GURED, fin-fig' -yfird. a. Representing no 
animal form. VVctton. 

UNFI'LIAL, fin-fil'-yal. a. Unsuitable to a son. 
Shakspeare. 

UNFI'LLED, fin-flld'. a. Not filled; not supplied. ! 
Bp. Taylor. 

UNFINISHED, fin-fV-isht. a. Incomplete; not| 
brought to an end ; not brought to perfection : im- i 
perfect ; wanting the last hand. Milton. 
122 



To UNFO'OL, fin-fSol'. v. a. To restore from folly. 

Shakspeare. 
UNFORBI'D, fin-ior-bid'. ) a. Not prohib- 

UNFORBI'DDEN, fin-f6r-bid'-dn. \ ited. Milton. 
UNFORBI DDENNESS, fin-for-bid'-dn-n^s. n. s. 

The state of being unforbidden. Boyle. 
UNFO'RCED, fin-ffirsl'. 99, 359. a. Not compelled , 
not constrained. Shak. Not impelled ; not exter- 
nally urged. Donne. Not feigned; not artificially 
heightened. Hayward. Not violent; easy ; gradu- 
al. Denham. Not contrary to ease. Dryden. 

UNFORCD3LE, un-for'-se-bl. a. Wanting strength. 
Hooker. 

UNFOREBO'DING, un-fore-bo'-ding. a. Giving no 
omens. Pope. 

UNFOREKNO'WN, fin-fore-n6ne'. a. Not foreseen 
bv prescience. Milton. 

UNFORESEEABLE* ftn-fore-se/-a-bl. a. Not pos- 
sible to be foreseen. South. 

UNFORESEEN, fin-fore-seen'. a. Not known before 
it happened. Drvden. 

UNTO RESKINNED, fin-fore'-skind. a. Circum- 
cised. Milton. 

UNFOREWA'RNED^fin-fore-warnd'. a. Not fore- 
warned ; not admonished before hand. Milton. 

UNFO'RFEITED, fin-for'-fit-eU a. Not forfeited. 
Rogers. 

UNFORGIVING, fin-for-giv'-ing. a. Relentless ; im- 
placable. Dryden. 

UNFORGOTTEN, fin-for-g6t'-tn. a. Not lost to 
memory. Knolles. 

UNFO'RMED, fin-ffirmd'. a. Not modified into reg- 
ular shape. Bacon. 

UNFORSA'KEN, fin-for-sa'-kn. a. [unpoppacen, 
Sax.] Not deserted. Hammond. 

UNFO'RTIFIED, fin-for'-te-flde. a. Not secured by 
walls or bulwarks. Pope. Not strengthened ; in- 
firm ; weak ; feeble. Shak. Wanting securities. 
Collier. 

UNFO'RTUNATE, &n-f6i -tshfi-nat. 91. a. Not suc- 
cessful ; unprosperous ; wanting luck ; unhappy 
Hooker. 

969 



UNG 














UNG 


(D 3 559.- 


-Fate 


far, 


fall, 


fat; 


— me, m<k 


— pine 


pin;— 



! 



UNFORTUNATELY, fin-for'-tsha-nat-le. ad. Un- 1 
happily ; without good luck. Sidney. 

UNFORTUNATENESS, fin-for'-tsho-nat-n<k n. s. 
Ill luck. Sidney. 

UNFOU'GHT, fin-fawt'. a. Not fought. Knolks. 

UNFOU'LED, fin-f6al'd'. a. Unpolluted ; uncorrupt- 
edj not soiled. Mare. 

UNFOU'ND, fin-found', a. Not found ; not met with. 
Dryden. 

UNFOUNDED*, fin-f6und'-<M. a. Void of founda- 
tion. Milton. Without authority or foundation : as, 
an unfounded report. 

UNFRAM ABLE, fin-fra'-ma-bl. a. Not to be mould- 
ed. Hooker. Ob. J. 

To UNFRA'ME* fin-frame', v. a. To destroy the 
frame or construction of. South. 

UNFRA'MED, fin-fram'd'. a. Not formed; not fa- 
shioned. Dryden. 

UNFRE'QUENT, fin-fre'-kwent. a. Uncommon 5 
not happening often. Brown. 

To UNFREQUE'NT, fin-fre-kwent'. v. a. To leave; 
to cease to frequent. Philips. A bad word. 

UNFREQUENTED, fin-fre-kw&it'-gd. a. Rarely 
visited ; rarely entered. Sliakspeare. 

UNFRE'QUENTLY, fin-fre'-kwent-le. ad. Not 
commonly. Brown. 

UNFRI'ABLE*, fin-frl'-a-bl. a. Not easily to be 
crumbled. Foley. 

UNFRIE'NDED, fin-frend'-ed. 277. a. Wanting 
friends ; uncountenanced ; unsupported. Shak. 

UNFRIENDLINESS, fin-frkid'-le-nes. n. s. Want 
of kindness ; want of favour. Boyle. 

UNFRIE'NDLY, fin-frenjd'-le. a. Not benevolent ; 
not kind. Government of the Tongue. 

To UNFROCK, fin-fr6k'. v. a. To divest. Hard. 

UNFROZEN, fin-fr6'-z'n. 103. a. Not congealed to 
ice. Boyle. 

UNFRUI'TFUL,fin-fr6ot'-fal. a. Not prolifick. Pope. 
Not fructiferous. Waller. Not fertile. Mortimer. 
Not producing good effects. 

UNFRUI'TFULNESS*,fin-fro^t^fal-nes. n.s. Bar- 
renness; infecundity. Stackhouse. 

UNFULFILLED, fin-fftl-fil'd'. a. Not fulfilled. Mil- 
ton. 

UNFU'MED*, fin-fiWd'. a. Not exhaling smoke as 
in fumigations ; not burnt. Milton. 

To UNFU'RL, fin-furl', v.a. To expand; to unfold; 
to open. Addison. 

To UNFU'RNISH, fin-far'-n?sh. v. a. To deprive ; 
to strip ; to divest. Shak. To leave naked. Sliak- 
speare. 

UNFURNISHED, fin-ffir'-nisht. a. Not accommo- 
dated with utensils, or decorated with ornaments. 
Locke. Unsupplied. Shakspeare. 

UNGAIN, fin-gane'. ) a. [un^ae^ne, Sax.] 

UNGAINLY, fin-gane'-le. \ Awkward ; uncouth. 
Tatler. Vain. Hammond. 

UNGAINFUL*, fin-gane'-ful. a. Unprofitable. Bp. 
Hall. 

UNGA'LLED, un-gawl ; d'. a. Unhurt; unwounded. 
Sliakspeare. 

UNGA'RRISONED*, fin-gar'-re-sfind. a. Without 
a garrison. Maundrell. 

UNCHARTERED, fin-gar'-tur'd. a. Being without 
garters. Shakspeare. 

UNGATHERED, fin-gW-arU a. Not cropped ; 

not picked. Dryden. 
To UNGE'AR*, fin-geer'. v. a. [un^ijiian, Sax.] 

To unharness. 
UNGE'NERATED, fin-jen'-lr-a-u?d. a. Unbegot- 
ten ; having no beginning. Raleigh. 

UNGE'NERATIVE, fin-Jen'-er-a-tfv. a. Begetting 
nothing. Shakspeare. 

UNGENEROUS, fin-jen'-gr-fis. a. Not noble ; not 
ingenuous; not liberal. Pope. Ignominious. Ad- 
dison. 
UNGENIAL, fin-je'-ne-al. a. Not kind or favoura- 
ble to nature. Swift. 
UNGENTEE'L*, fin-jen-teel'. a. Not genteel. Lord 

Halifax. 
UNGENTLE, fin-jen'-tl. a. Harsh; rude; rugged. 
Shakspeare. 



UNGE'NTLEMANLIKE*, fin-jeV-tl-man-llke. a. 

Unlike a gentleman. Lord Cliester field. 

UNGENTLEMANLY,fin-jen'-tl-man-le. a. Illib- 
eral ; not becoming a gentleman. Clarendon. 

UNGE'NTLENESS,fin-jen'-tl-nes. n.s. Harshness; 
rudeness; severity. Tusser. Unkindness; incivili 
ty. Shakspeare. 

UNGE'NTLY, fin-jent'-le. ad. Harshly; rudely 
Shakspeare. 

UNGEOME'TRICAL, fin-je-o-met'-tre-kal. a. No 
agreeable to the laws of geometry. Cheyne. 

UNGI'LDED,fin-giI'-d£d.a.Not overlaid with gola. 
Dryden. 

To UNGFRD, fin-gerd'. v. a. To loose any thing 
bound with a girdle. Genesis, xxiv. 

UNGFRT, fin-gert'. a. Loosely dressed. Waller. 

UNGFVING, fin-glv'-ing. a. Not bringing gifts 
Dryden. 

UNGLA'ZED*, fin-glaz'd'. a. Wanting window 
glasses. Prior. Not covered with glass: a term 
of pottery. Kirwan. 

UNGLO'RIFIED, fin-gti'-re-flde. 282. a. Not hon- 
oured ; not exalted with praise and adoration. 
Hooker. 

To UNGLO'VE*, fin-glfiv'. v. a. To remove the 
glove from ; to uncover. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNGLOVED, fin-gl&v'd'. a. Having the hand 
naked. Bacon. 

To UNGLU'E, fin-gin', v. a. To loose any thing ce 
mented. Harvey. 

To UNGOD, ftn-g&d'. v. a. To divest of divinity. 
Donne. 

UNGODLILY, fin-g&d'-le-le. ad. Impiously; wick 
edly. Government of the Tongue. 

UNGODLINESS, fin-god'-le-nes. n.s. Impiety; 
wickedness ; neglect of God. Tillotson. 

UNGODLY, fin-g6d'-le. a. Wicked ; negligent of 
God and his laws. Rogers. Polluted by wicked 
ness. Shakspeare. 

UNGO'RED, fin-gdr'd'. a. Unwounded; unhurt. 
Shakspeare. 

UNGORGED, fin-g6rj'd'. a. Not filled 3 not sated. 
Dryden. 

UN GOT, fin-g&t'. a. Not gained ; not acquired. Not 
begotten. Shakspeare. 

UNGOVERNABLE, fin-gfiv'-ur-na-bl. a. Not to be 
ruled ; not to be restrained. Glanville. Licentious ; 
wild ; unbridled. Dryden.. 

UNGOVERNABLY*, fin-gfiv'-er-na-ble. ad. So as 
not to be restrained. Goldsmith. 

UNGOVERNED, fin-g&v'-firn'd. a. Being without 
government. Shak. Not regulated ; unbridled ; li- 
centious. Shakspeare. 

UNGRA'CEFUL, fin-grase'-ffil. a. Wanting ele- 
gance ; wanting beauty. Milton. 

UNGRATEFULNESS, fin-grase'-ful-nes. n. s. In- 
elegance ; awkwardness. Locke. 

UNGRACIOUS, fin-gra'-shfis. a. Wicked ; odious-; 
hateful. Spenser. Offensive ; unpleasing. Dryden 
Unacceptable ; not favoured. Clarendon. 

UNGRAMMA'TICAL, fin-gram-mat'-e-kal. a. Not 
according to grammar. Barrow. 

UNGRA'NTED, fin-grant'-ed. a. Not given ; no' 
yielded; not bestowed. Dryden. 

UNGRA'TE*, fin-grate', a. Not agreeable ; displeas- 
ing. Bp. Taylor. Ungrateful. Swift. Ob. T. 

UNGRATEFUL, fin-grate'-ful. a. Making no re- 
turns, or making ill returns for kindness. South. 
Making no returns for culture. Dryden. Unpleas- 
ing; unacceptable. Clarendon. 

UNGRATEFULLY, fin-grate'-ful-e. ad. With in- 
gratitude. Glanville. Unacceptably ; unpleas- 

UN^RA'TEFULNESS, fin-grate'-ffil-nes. n. s. In- 
gratitude ; ill return for good. Sidney. Unaccept- 
ableness ; unpleasing quality. 

UNGRA'TIFIED*, on-grat'-e-f Ide. a. Not gratified; 
not compensated. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNGRA'VELY, ftn-grave'-le. ad. Without serious- 
ness. Shakspeare. 

UNGROU'NDED, fin-grofin'-ded. a. Having no 
foundation. Locke. 

970 



UNH 



UNH 



— 116, move, ndr, n6t; — tdbe, tub, bull ;— fill ;— pound ; — </iin, this. 



UNGRU'DGINGLY, fin-grfid'-jhig-le. ad. Without 
ill will : willingly ; heartily ; cheerfully. Donne. 

UNGUARDED, fin-gyaf'-ded. [See Guard.] a. 
Undefended. Milton. Careless; negligent ; not at- 
tentive to danger. Bp. Taylor. 

UNGUARDEDLY*, ftn-gyar'-ded-le. ad. For want 
of guard. Lord Chesterfield. 

U NGUENT, fin'-gwent. n. s. [unguenlnm, Lat.] 
Ointment. Bacon. 

UNGUE SSED, fin-ge'st'. a. Not attained by conjec- 
ture. Spenser. 

UN GUI'DED, fin-gyld'-ed. a. Not directed ; not 
regulated. Shakspeare. 

UNuUI'LTY* fin-gil'-te. a. [un^ylfci^, Sax.] In- 
nocent; not guilty; not stained with guilt. Spen- 
ser. 

UNHA'BITABLE, fin-hab'-fr-a-bl. a. [inhabitable, 
Fr. ; inhabitabilis , Lat.] Not capable to support in- 
habitants ; uninhabitable. Holder. 

UNHA'CKED, fin-hakt'. a. Not cut ; not hewn ; not 
notched with cuts. Shakspeare. 

To UNHALLOW, un-haF-16. v. a. To deprive of 
holiness; to profane; to desecrate. Milton. 

UNHA'LLOWED,fin-hal'-l6de.a.[unhalSob,Sax.] 
Unholv; profane. SliaJcspeare. 

To UNHA'ND, fin-hand', v. a. To loose from the 
hand. SliaJcspeare. 

UNDHA'NDLED, fin-han'-dld. a. Not handled; 
not touched. Shakspeare. 

UNHANDSOME, fin-han'-sfim. a. Ungraceful; not 
beautiful. Sidney. Illiberal; disingenuous. Bp. 
Taylor. 

UNHANDSOMELY, fin-hib'-sfim-le. ad. Inele- 
gantly ; ungracefully. Spenser. Disingenuously ; 
illiberally. Dryden. 

UNHA'NDSOMENESS, fin-han'-sflm-nes. n. s 
Want of beauty. Sidney. Want of elegance. Bp. 
Taylor. Illiberalness ; disingenuity. 

UNHA'NDY, fin-hand' nk a. Awkward; not dex- 
terous. Sicjft. 

To UNHANG, fin-hang', v. a. To divest of hang- 
ings. 

UNHA'NGED, fin-hangd'. a. Not put to death by 
the gallows. SliaJcspeare. 

UNHA'P, fin-hap', n. s. Misluck ; ill fortune. Sidney. 

UNHA'PPIED, un-hap'-pld. a. Made unhappy. 
Shakspeare. 

UNHAPPILY, fin-han'-pe-le. ad. Miserably; un- 
fortunately; wretchedly; calamitously. Clarendon. 
Mischievously. Shakspeare. 

UNHA'PPINESS, ftn-hap'-pe-nes. n. s. Misery ; in- 
felicity. Shak. Misfortune ; ill luck. Bwnet. Mis- 
chievous prank. Shakspeare. 

UNHA'PPY, fin-hap'-pe. a. Wretched; miserable: 
unfortunate; calamitous; distressed. Milton. Un- 
Uickv ; mischievous ; irregular. Shakspeare. 

To UNHARBOUR,un-har'-bfir.r.a.To drive from 
shelter. 

UNHA'RBOURED, fin-har'-bfird. a. Affording no 
shelter. Milton. 

UNHA'RDENED, fin-har'-d§nd. a. Not hardened; 
not made impudent ; not made obdurate. Shak. 

UNHARDY, fin-har'-de. a. Feeble ; tender ; tim- 
orous. Milton. 

UNHA'RMED, fin-harmd'. a. Unhurt ; not injured. 

UNHA'RMFUL, fin-harm'-ful. a. Innoxious; inno- 
cent. Dryden. 

UN HARMONIOUS, fin-har-mA'-ne-fls. a. Not sym- 
metrical ; disproportionate. Milton. Unmusical ; 
ill-sounding. Dryden. 

To UNHARNESS, fin-har'-nes. v. a. To loose from 
the traces. Dryden. To disarm ; to divest of 
armour. 

UNHATCHED, fin-hatsht'. a. Not disclosed from 
the eggs. Not brought to light. Shakspeare. 

UNHAUNTED*, fin-hant'-£d. a. Not resorted to. 
Donne. 

UNHAZARDED, fin-haz'-fird-ed. a. Not adven- 
tured ; not put in danger. Milton. 

UNHEALTHFUL, fin-heltfi'-ful. a. Morbid; un- 
wholesome. Graunt 



UNHEALTHILY*, fin-hel'-tfie-le. ad. In an un- 
wholesome or unsound manner. Milton. 

UNHEALTHINESS*, ftn-hel'-^e-nes. n. s. State 
of being unhealthy. Haiokesworth . 

UNHEA'LTHY, un-heW-e. a. Sickly; wanting 

UNHEARD, fin-herd'. [See Heard.] a. Not per- 
ceived by the ear. Milton. Not vouchsafed an 
audience. Dryden. Unknown in celebration. Mil- 
ton. — Unheard-of. Obscure ; not known by fame. 

Glanvilte. Unheard-of. Unprecedented. Swift. 
To UNHE ART, fin-hart', v. a. To discourage; to 

depress. Shakspeare. 
UN HEATED, fin-he'-ted. a. Not made hot. Boyle. 
UNHEDGED*, fin-hedj'd'. a. Not surrounded by a 

hedge. Young. 
UNHEEDED, fin-heed'-ed. a. Disregarded; not 
thought worthy of notice ; escaping notice. Boyle. 
UNHE'EDFUL, fin-heed'-ful. a. Not cautious. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 
UNHEEDING, fin-heed'-lng. a. Negligent ; care 

less. Dryden. 
UNHEEDY, fin-heed'-e. a. Precipitate; sudden. 

Spenser. 
To UNHE'LE, fin-heel', v. a. To uncover; to ex- 
pose to view. Spenser. 
UNHE'LPED, fin-helpt'. 539. a. Unassisted ; having 

no auxiliary ; unsupported. Dryden. 
UNHE'LPFUL, fin-help'-ffil. a. Giving no assist- 
ance. Shakspeai-e. 
UNHE'WN, un-hune'. part. a. Not hewn. Dryden. 
UNHI'DEBOUND, fin-hlde'-bound. a. Lax of maw; 

capacious. Milton. 
UNHI'NDERED*, fin-hm'-dfird. a. Not opposed; 

meeting with no hinderance; exerting itself freely. 

Clarke. 
To UNHI'NGE, fin-hlnje'. v. a. To throw from the 

hinges. To displace by violence. Blackmore. To 

disorder ; to confuse. Waller. 
To UNHO'ARD*, fin-h6rde'. v. a. To steal from the 

hoard. Milton. 
UNHO'LINESS, fin-hfi'-le-ngs. n. s. Impiety; pro- 

faneness; wickedness. Raleigh. 
UNHO'LY, &n-h6'-le. a. [unhali^, Sax.] Profane; not 

hallowed. Hooker. Impious; wicked. Hooker. 
UNHO'NEST* fin-6n'-est. a. [inhoneste, Fr.; in- 

honestus, Lat.] Dishonourable ; dishonest. Ascham. 

Ob. T. 
UNHO'NOURED, fin-on'-nfird. a. Not regarded 

with veneration; not celebrated. Dryden. Not 

treated with respect. Pope. 
To UNHO'OP, fin-ho5p'. v. a. To divest of hoops, 

Donne. 
UNHO'PED, fin-h6pt'. 359. ) a. Not expected; 
UNHO'PED for, fin-hopt'-f6r. \ greater than hope 

had promised. Dryden. 
UNHO'PEFUL, fin-h6pe'-ful. a. Such as leaves no 

room to hope. Sliakspeare. 
To UNHO'RSE, fin-hSrse'. t\ a. To beat from a 

horse ; to throw from the saddle. Shakspeare. 
UNHO'SPITABLE, fin-hos'-pe-ta-bl, a. [inhospi- 

talis, Lat.] Affording no kindness or entertainment 

to strangers ; cruel ; barbarous. Dryden. 
UNHO'STILE, fin-h6s'-t?l. 140. a. Not belonging 

to an enemy. Phillips. 
To UNHOU'SE, fin-h6uze'. v. a. To drive from the 

habitation. Donne. 
UNHOU'SED, fin-hSuzd'. a. Homeless; wanting a 

house. Shak. Having no settled habitation. Shak. 
UNHOU'SELLED, fin-hM'-zld. a. Having not the 

sacrament. See To Housel. Shakspeare. 
UNHU'MAN*, fin-hu'-man. a. Barbarous ; inhu- 
man. South. Ob. T. 
UNHU'MBLED, fin-fim'-bld. 359. a. Not humbjed; 

not touched with shame or confusion. Milton. 
UNHU'RT, fin-hfirt'. a. Free from harm. Bacon. 
UNHU'RTFUL, fin-hfirt'-f&l. a. Innoxious; harm- 
less ; doing no harm. Shakspeare. 
UNHU'RTFULLY, fin-hfirt'-ful-e, ad. Without 

harm ; innoxiously. Pope. / 

UNHU'SBANDED*, fin-hfiz'-bfind-eU a. Deprived 

of support; neglected. Browne. 
971 



UNI 



UNI 



EP 559.— Fate, far, f5.ll, fat j— me, met;— pine, pin ;— 



Not 



UNHU'SKED*, fin-hdskt'. a. Having quitted the 
husk. Bp. Hall. 

U'NICORlM, yu'-ne-kdrn. n. s. [unicornis, unus and 
cornu, Lat.] A beast, whether real or fabulous, 
that has only one horn. Shak. A bird. Grew. 

UNIDE'AL*, fin-i-de'-al. a. Not ideal; real. John- 
son. 

U'NIFORM, yu'-ne-fdrm. a. [unus and forma, Lat.] 
Keeping its tenour ; similar to itself. Woodward. 
Conforming to one rule ; acting in the same man- 
ner ; agreeing with each other. Hooker. 

UNIFORM*, yiV-ne-f6rm. n. s. The regimental 
dress of a soldier. 

UNIFORMITY, ya-ne-for'-me-te. n. s. [uniformite 1 , 
.Fr.] Resemblance to itself; even tenour. Dryden. 
Conformity to one pattern ; resemblance of one to 
another. Hooker. 

UNIFORMLY, yiV-ne-fdrm-le. ad. Without varia- 
tion; in an even tenour. Hooker. Without diver- 
sity of one from another. 

UNIGE'NITURE*, yu-ni-jen'-e-tshure. n. s. The 
state of being the only begotten. Pearson. 

UNIMAGINABLE, un-fm-mad'-jhi-a-bl. a. Not to 
be imagined by the fancy; not to be conceived. 
Milton. 

UNIMAGINABLY, fin-im-mad'-jm-a-ble. ad. To a 
degree not to be imagined. Boifle. 

UNIMAGINED* un-fm-mad'-jfnd. a 
ceived. Tliomson. 

UNPMITABLE, un-mV-e-ta-bl. a. [inimitable, Fr. ; 
inimitabilis , Lat.] Not to be imitated. Burnet. 

UNIMMO'RTAL, un-im-mor'-tal. a. Not immortal ; 
mortal. Milton.. 

UNIMPAIRABLE, fin-fm-pa'-ra-bl. a. Not liable 
to waste or diminution. Hakewill. 

UNIMPAIRED, fin-im-par'd'. a. Not diminished; 
not worn out. Dryden. 

UNIMPASSIONED*, un-fm-pash'-find. a. Inno- 
cent; quiet; not endowed with passions. Thom- 
son. 

UNIMPEACHABLE*, fin-lm-peetsh'-a-bl. a. Not 
accusable ; not to be charged. Cowper. 

UNIMPE' ACHED*, un-im-peetsht'. 359. a. Not im- 
peached. Goldsmith. 

UNIMPLO'RED, un-fm-pl6rd'. a. Not solicited. 
Milton. 

UNIMPO'RTANT, un-im-p6r'-tant. a. Not moment- 
ous. Hurd. Assuming no airs of dignity. Pope. 

UNIMPO RTING*, un-im-pdrt'-ing. a. Not being of 
importance. Bp. Hall. 

UNIMPORTUNED, un-?m-p6r-tund . a. Not so- 
licited ; not teased to compliance. Donne. 

UNIMPO'SING*, un-hn-pi'-zkg. a. Not enjoined 
as obligatory ; voluntary. Thomson. 

JNIMPRO'VABLE, un-im-pr65v'-a-bl. a. Incapa- 
ble of melioration. Hammond. 

FNFMPRO'VABLENESS, un4m-pr5ov'-a-bl-n£s. 
n. s. Qualitv of not being improvable. Hammond. 

UNIMPROVED, un-lm-profivd'. a. Not made bet- 
ter. Not made more knowing. Pope. Not taught; 
aot meliorated by instruction. Glanville. Uncen- 
sured; not disproved. Improve was formerly used 
in the sense of censure. 

UNINCREASABLE,&n-in-kre'-sa-bl. a. Admitting 
no increase. Boyle. 

UNINDFFFERENT.Gn-fn-dlf-fer-ent. a. Partial; 
leaning to a side. Hooker. 

UNINDUSTRIOUS, fin-in-dus'-tre-us. a. Not dili- 
gent ; not laborious. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

UNINFECTED*, un-ln-fekt'-gd. a. Not infected. 
Burnet. 

UNINFLAMED, fin-in-fiW. u. Not set on fire. 
Bacon. 

UNINFLAMMABLE, fln-ln-flam'-ma-bl. a. Not 
capable of being set on fire. Boyh. 

UNINFLUENCED*, un-fn'-flu-enst. a. Not influ- 
enced j not prejudiced. Ld. Lyttelton. 

UNINFORMED, un-fn-fdrmd'. a. Untaught; unin- 
st,ructed. Milton. Unanimated; not enlivened. 
Spectator. 

UNINGE'NIOU'S*, un-in-je'-ne-fls. a. Not ingenious ; 
stupid. Burke. 



UNINGE'NUOUS, fin-fn-jen'-u-us. a. Illiberal ; dis 

ingenuous. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

UNINHABITABLE, un-ln-hab'-h-a-bl. a. Unfit to 
be inhabited. Raleigh. 

UNINHABITABLENESS, un-in-hab'-lt-a-bl-ngs. 
n. s. Incapacity of being inhabited. Boyle. 

UNINHABITED, un-in-hab'-lt-eU a. Having no 
dwellers. Sandijs. 

UNFNJURED, fin-fn'-jurd. a. Unhurt; suffering no 
harm. Milton. 

UNINQUFSITIVE* un-ln-kwfz'-e-tfv. a. Not cu- 
rious to know; not inquisitive ; not prying. Wotton. 

UNINSCRFBED, un-in-skrlbd'. a. Having no in- 
scription. Pope. 

UNINSPIRED, fin-m-splrd'. a. Not having re- 
ceived any supernatural instruction or illumination. 
Locke. 

UNINSTRU'CTED^'in-in-str^'-t^d.a. Not taught ; 
not helped by instruction. Dryden. 

UNINSTRU'CTIVE, un-in-struk'-tfv. a. Not con 
ferring any improvement. Addison. 

UNINTELLIGENT, un-in-ieT-le-jenta. Not know 
ing; not skilful; not having any consciousness 
Sliakspeare. 

UNINTELLIGIBFLITY, fin-fn-t§l-le-je-b?K-e-te 
n. s. Quality of not being intelligible. Glanville. 

UNINTELLIGIBLE, un-ln-tel'-le-je-bl. a. [inivtel 
ligible, Fr.] Not such as can be understood. Swift 

UNINTE'LLlGIBLENESS*,ftn-m-iel'-le-je-bl-nes 
n. s. State of being unintelligible. Bp. Herb. Croft 

UNINTELLIGIBLY, un-in-tel'-le-je-ble. ad. In a 
manner not to be understood. Locke. 

UNINTENTIONAL, un-fn-ten'-shun-al. a. Not de- 
signed ; happening without design. Boyle. 

UNFNTERESSED, un-ni'-tSr-est. ) a. Not hav- 

UNFNTERESTED, un-m'-ter-es-ted. $ ing inter- 
est. Di-yden. 

UNFNTERESTING*, un-hV-ter-est-fng. a. Exciting 
no interest. Warton. 

UNINTERMFTTED, un-m-ter-mit'-ted. a. Con- 
tinued; not interrupted. Hale. 

UNINTERMFTTING*, fln-ln-ter-nuV-tlng. a. Hav- 
ing no interruption ; continuing. Feltham. 

UNINTE'RPOLATED*, un-in-teV-pb-la-tSd. a. 
Not interpolated. Porson. 

UNINTERMFXED, un-ln-tgr-mlkst'. a. Not min- 
gled. Daniel. 

UNINTERRUPTED, fin-in-ter-rup'-tecl. a. Not 
broken ; not interrupted. Roscommon. 

UNINTERRUPTEDLY, un-m-ter-rup'-tSd-le. ad. 
Without interruption. Pearson. 

UNINTRE'NCHED, un-fn-trensht'. 359. a. Not in- 
trenched. Pope. 

UNFNTRICATED*, fin-m'-tre-ka-tgd. a. Not per- 
plexed; not obscure. Hammond. 

UNINTRODU'CED* un-?n-tr6-dust'. a. Not prop- 
erly conducted; not duly ushered in; obtrusive. 
Young. 

UNINU'RED*. un-m-urd'. a. Unaccustomed: not 
habituated. Phillips. 

UNINVESTED*, uJi-in-vent'-Sd. a. Undiscovered. 
Milton. 

UN1NVE STIGABLE, fin-ln-ves'-te-ga-bl. a. Not 
to be searched out. Ray. 

UNINVFTED, un-'m-vlMgd. a. Not asked. Phillips.. 

U'NION, yu'-ne-un. 8. n. s. [unio, Lat.] The act of 
joining two or more, so as to make them one. Mil- 
ton. Concord ; conjunction of mind or interests. 
Bp. Taylor. A pearl : not in use. Shak. [In law.] 
Union is a combining or consolidation of two 
churches in one, which is done by the consent of 
the bishop, the patron, and incumbent. Coicel. 

UNFPAROUS, yu-n?p'-pa-rus. 518. a. [unus and 
pario, Lat.] Bringing one at a birth. Brown. 

UNIQUE*, yu-neek'. a. [Fr.] Sole; without an 
equal; without another of the same kind known to 
exist. 

U'NISONS, yu'-ne-sun. a. [unus and somes. Lat.] 
Sounding alone. Milton. 

U'NISON, yu'-ne-sun. n. s. A string that has the 
same sound with another. Glanville. A single un- 
varied note; an exact agreement of sound. Pope. 
972 



UNJ 



UNL 



-116, mflve, nSr, n6t ;— tube, tfib, bull ;— o?l 



; — thin, this. 



UNISONOUS*, yu-n?s'-6-nus. a. Being in unison. 
Warton. 

U'NIT, yu'-nft. 8, 39, 492. n. s. [units, unitus, Lat.] 
One j the least number ; or the root of numbers. 
Bent/ei/. A gold coin of King James I. Camden. 

UNSTABLE*, yu-nl'-ta-bl. a. Capable of being 
united. Phillips. 

UNITA'RIAN*, yu-ne-ta'-re-an. n. s. One of a sect 
allowing divinity to God the Father alone} an 
anti-lrinitarian. Leslie. 

To UNITE §, yu-nlle'. v. a. [unitus, Lat.] To join 
two or more into one. Spenser. To make to agree. 
Clarendon. To make to adhere. Wiseman. To 
join. Shak. To join in interest. Gen. xlix. 

To UNITE. yu-nlte'. v.rt. To join in an act} to 
concur ; to act in concert. Shak. To coalesce ; 
to be cemented ; to be consolidated. To grow into 
one. Milton. 

UNITEDLY, yu-nl'-te'd-le. ad. With union} so as 
to join. Dry den. 

UNITER, yu-nl'-tftr. 98. n. s. The person or thing 
that unites. Glanvilie. 

UN1TION, yu-nlsh'-fin. n. s. [union, Fr.] The act 
or power of uniting j conjunction} coalition. Wise- 
man. 

U'NITIVE, yu'-ne-tlv. a. Having the power of unit- 
ing. Norris. 

UNITY, yiV-ne-te. S. n. s. [unitas, Lat.] The state 
of being one. Hammond. Concord ; conjunction. 
Sliak. Agreement; uniformity. Hooker. Princi- 
ple of dramatick writing, by which the tenour of 
the story and propriety of representation are pre- 
served. Dryden. [In law.] Unity of possession 
is a joint possession of two rights by several titles. 
Cowel. 

U'NIVALVE t, yu'-ne-valv. a. Having one shell. 

UNIVE'RSAL, yu-ne-veV-sal. 8. a. [universalis, 
Lat.j General; extending to all. Sha/c. Total; 
whole. Dryden. Not particular; comprising all 

Particulars. Dairies. 
IVE'RSAL, yu-ne-ver'-sal. n.s. The whole; the 
general system of the universe. Raleigh. Ob. J. 

UNIVE'RSALIST*, yu-ne-veV-sal-ist. n. s. One 
who affects to understand all particulars. Bentley. 

UNIVERSALITY, yu-ne-veV-sal'-e-te. n. s. [uni- 
versalitas, school Lat.] Not particularity } general- 
ity } extension to the whole. Pearson. 

UNIVERSALLY, yu-ne-veV-sal-e. ad. Throughout 
the whole 5 without exception. Hooker. 

UNIVE'RS ALNESS*, yfi-ne-ver'-sal-ne's. n. s. Uni- 
versality. More. 

UNIVERSE, yu'-ne-verse. 8. n.s. [unirers, Fr. ; 
universum, Lat.] The general system of things. 
Shakspeare. 

UNIVE RSITY, yu-ne-veV-se-te. n. s. [tmiversitas, 
Lat.] University was first used for any community 
or corporation} afterwards confined to academies. 
Anderson. A school, where all the arts and facul- 
ties are taught and studied. Selden. The whole ; 
the universe. More. 

UNI'VOCAL,yu-nIv'-v6-kal. a.[univocus, Lat.] Hav- 
ing one meaning. Watts. Certain } regular } pur- 
suing always one tenour. Brown. 

UNI'VOCALLY, yu-inV-v6-kal-e. ad. In one term} 
in one sense. Bp. Hall. In one tenour. Ray. 

UNIVOCATION*, yu-n?v-v6-ka'-shfin. n.s.'[unus 
and vocatus, Lat.] Agreement of name and mean- 
ing. Wliiston. 

UN.TE'ALOUS* fin-jeT-fis. a. Not suspiciously fear- 
ful ; having no unreasonable mistrust. Clarendon. 

To UNJOIN*, fin-jom'. v. a. To separate } to dis- 
join. Chancer. 

UNJOTNTED, fin-j6fn'-te ! d. a. Disjoined j separated. 
Milton. Having no articulation. Grew. 

UNJOYFUL*,un-j6e/-ful. a. Not joyful; sad. Toiler. 

UNJOYOUS, fin-j6e'-fis. a. Not gay ; not cheerful. 
Milton. 

UNJU'DGED, fin-jfidj'd'. 359. a. Not judicially de- 
termined. Prior. 

UNJUST, tin-just', a. [injuste, Fr. ; injustus, Lat.] 
Iniquitous} contrary to equity } contrary to justice. 
Sfiakspeare. 



UNJUSTIFIABLE, fin-jfis'-te-fi-a-bl. a. Not to be 
defended ; not to be justified. Addison. 

UNJUST1FIABLENESS, un-j&s'-te-fl-a-bl-nes. 
n. s. The quality of not being justifiable. Clarendon. 

UNJUSTIFIABLY, ftn-jfis'-te-fl-a-ble. ad. In a man- 
ner not to be defended. 

UNJUSTIFIED*, fin-j&s'-te-flde. a. Not cleared 
from the imputation of guilt ; not justified. Dryden. 

UNJUSTLY, fin-jfist'-le. ad. In a manner contrary 
to right. Milton. 

U'NKED*, ung'-ked. ) a. [a corruption of uncouth, 

U'NKID*, fing'-kid. S strange.] Unusual ; odd 
strange. Abstract of Acts, Canons, SfC. temp. Q 
Elizabeth. Lonely ; solitary. 

UNKEMMED*, fin-kemd'. ) a. [incomptus, Lat.] 

UNKEMPT, fin-kempt'. $ Uncombed. May. 
Unpolished. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To UNKE'NNEL, fin-ken'-nfl. 99. v. a. To drive 
from his hole. Shak. To rouse from its secrecy or 
retreat. Shakspeare. 

UNKE'NT, fin-kent'. a. [un, and ken, to know.] Un- 
known. Spenser. Ob. J. 

UNKE'PT, fin-kgpt'. a. Not kept; not retained. 
Unobserved; unobeyed. Hooker. 

UNKFND, fin-kyind'. 160. [See Guide.] a. Not fa- 
vourable} not benevolent. Shakspeare. Unnatural. 
Spenser. 

UNKI NDLINESS*, fin-kylnd'-le-ne's. n. s. Unfa- 
vourableness. Hakewill. 

UNKI'NDLY, fin-kylnd'-le. a. Unnatural ; contrary 
to nature. Spenser. Malignant } unfavourable. Mil- 
ton. 

UNKI'NDLY, fin-kylnd'-le. ad. Without kindness ; 
without affection. Denliam. Contrarily to nature. 
Milton. 

UNKI'NDNESS, fin-kylnd'-n&s. n.s. Malignity 5 ill 
will; want of affection. Sfiakspeare. 

ToUNKI'NG, fin-k?ng'. v. a. To deprive of royalty 
Shakspeare. 

UNKI'NGLIKE*, fin-king'-llke. ) a. Unbecoming 

UNKI'NGLY*, fin-k?ng'-le. $ a king; base} 
ignoble. Shakspeare. 

UNKISSED, fin-kist'. a. Not kissed. Shakspeare. 

U'NKLE. n. s. [oncle, Fr.] The brother of a father 
or mother. See Uncle. ShaJcspeare. 

UNKNI'GHTLY, fin-nlte'-lc. a. Unbecoming a 
knight. Sidney. 

To UNKNIT, fin-n?t'. v. a. [uncnyfcan, Sax.] To 
unweave ; to separate. Shak. To open. Shak. 

UNKNIT*, fin-knft'. part. a. Not united } not knit. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNKNOTTED*, fin-n&t'-igd. a. Freed from knots } 
untwisted ; unentangled. More. 

UNKNOTTY*, fin-not'-te. a. Having no knots. 
Sandys. 

To UNKNO'W, fin-n6'. v. a. To cease to know. 
Smith. 

UNKNO'WABLE, fin-n6'-a-bl. a. Not to be known. 
Harris. 

UNKNO'WING,fin-ri6'-]ng. a. Ignorant ; not know- 
ing. Sliak. Not practised } not qualified. Dryden. 

UNKNOWINGLY, fin-n6'-mg-le. ad. Ignorantly} 
without knowledge. Dryden. 

UNKNO'WN, fin-n6ne'. a. Not known. Mi/ton. 
Greater than is imagined. Bacon. Not having co- 
habitation. Shak. Not having communication. 
Addison. 

UNLABO'RIOUS*, fin-la-b6'-re-6s. a. Not labori- 
ous } not difficult to be done. Milton. 

UNLA'BOURED, fin-la'-bfird. a. Not produced by 
labour. Dryden. Not cultivated by labour. Black- 
more. Spontaneous} voluntary. Tickell. 

To UNLACE, fln-lase'. v. a. To loose any thing 
fastened with strings. Spenser. To loose a wo- 
man's dress. Sidney. To divest of ornaments. 
Sfiakspeare. 

To UNLA'DE, fin-lade', v. a. To remove from the 
vessel which carries. Denham. To exonerate that 
which carries. Dryden. To put out. Acts, xxi. 

UNLA'ID, fin-lade', a. Not placed} not fixed. 
Hooker. Not pacified} not stilled} not suppressed , 
Milton. Not laid out as a corpse. B. Jonson. 
973 



UNL 








UNM 


O* 559.- 


-Fate 


far, fill, fat 5. 


—me, mel ; 


—pine, pin ; — 



UNLAME'NTED, fin-la-ment'-ed. a. Not deplored. 
Clarendon. 

UNLA'RDED* ftn-lard'-ed. a. Not intermixed or 
foisted in by way of improvement. Ld. Cliesterfield. 

To UNLA'TCH, fin-latsV. v. a. To open by lifting 
up the latch. Dryden. 

UNLA'VISH*, fin-lav'-?sh. a. Not prodigal; not 
wasteful. Thomson. 

UNLA'VISHED*, An-lav'-isht. a. Not wasted; not 
thrown away. Shenstone. 

UNLAWFUL, fin-law'-ffil. a. Contrary to law ; not 
permitted by the law. Acts, x. 

UNLAWFULLY, fin-law'-ffil-e. ad. In a manner 
contrary to law or right. Bp. Taylor. Illegitimate- 
ly ; not by marriage. Sliakspeare. 

UNLAWFULNESS, fin-law'-ful-nes. n. s. Contra- 
riety to law; state of being not permitted. Hooker. 
Illegitimacy. 

To UNLE'ARN, fin-lera'. v. a. To forget, or disuse 
what has been learned. Bacon. 

UJNLE'ARNED, fin-ler'-ned. [See Learned.] a. 
[un^elaepeb, Sax.] Ignorant ; not informed ; not 

. instructed. Davenant. Not gained by study; not 
known. Milt. Not suitable to a learned man. Shak. 

UNLE'ARNEDLY, fin-leV-ned-le. 362. ad. Igno- 
rantly; grossly. Brown. 

UNLE'AVENED,fin-lev'-vend. 104. «. Not ferment- 
ed ; not mixed with fermenting matter. Exod. ii. 

UNLECTURED*, fin-lSk'-tshfird. a. Not taught 
by lecture. Young;. 

UNLE'ISUREDNESS, fin-le'-zhfird-nes. n.s. Bu- 
siness; want of time ; want of leisure. Boyle. Ob. J. 

UNLE'SS, fin-les'. conjunct, [the Sax. imperative on- 
le]*, from ortlepan.] Except; if not ; supposing that 
not. Hooker. 

UNLE'SSONED, fin-les'-snd. 103, 359. a. Not 
taught. Shakspeare. 

UNLE'TTERED, fin-let'-ifird. a. Unlearned ; un- 
taught. Hooker. 

UNLE'VELLED.fin-lev'-eld. 406. a. Not laid even. 
TickelL 

UNLIBI'DINOUS, fin-le-bld'-e-nfis. a. Not lustful ; 
pure from carnality. Milton. 

UNLICENSED, fin-U'-senst. a. Having no regular 
permission. Milton. 

UNLOCKED, fin-Ukt'. 359. a. Shapeless ; not form- 
ed : from the opinion that the bear licks her young 
to shape. Sliakspeare. 

UNLFGHTED, fin-ll'-ted. a. Not kindled ; not set on 
fire. Dryden. 

UNLFGHTSOME, fin-llte'-sfim. a. Dark; gloomy; 
wanting light Milton. 

UNLFKE, fin-like', a. [un£ehc, Sax.] Dissimilar; 
having no resemblance. Hooker. Improbable ; 
unlikely; not likely. Sliakspeare. 

UNLIKELIHOOD, fin-like'-le-hud. ) n. s. Im- 

UN LIVELINESS, fin-llke'-le-nes. $ probability. 
South. 

UNLFKELY, fin-llke'-le. a. Improbable ; not such 
as can be reasonably expected. Sidney. Not 
promising any particular event. Hooker. 

UNLFKELY, fin-llke'-le. ad. Improbably. Pope. 

UNLFKENESS, fin-llke'-ne.s. n. s. Dissimilitude; 
want of resemblance. Dryden. 

UNLI'MBER*, fin-]?m'-b&r. a. Unyielding. Wotton. 

UNLFM1TABLE, fin-llm'-'lt-a-bl. a. Admitting no 
bounds. Locke. 

UNLIMITED, fin-lW-it-ed. a. Having no 
bounds ; having no limits. Boyle. Undefined ; not 
bounded by proper exceptions. Hooker. Uncon- 
fined ; not restrained. Bp. Taylor. 
UNLFM1TEDLY, fin-lim'-?l-ed-le. ad. Boundless- 
ly ; without bounds. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
UNLFMlTEDNESS*,fin-lfm'-?t-ed-nes. n.s. State 

of being unlimited; largeness. Dr. Johnson. 
UNLFNEAL, fin-lm'-e-ai. 113. a. Not coming in the 

order of succession. Sliakspeare. , 

To UNLFNK, fin-lfngk'. v. a. To untwist ; to open. 

Sliakspeare. 
UNLFQUIFIED, ftn-lik'-we-flde. a. Unmelted; un- 
dissolved. Addison. 
UNLFQUORED*, ftn-tfk'-kfird. a. Not moistened 



not smeared with any liquid. Bp. Hall. Not f lied 
with liquor. Milton. 

UNLFSTENING*, fin-l?s'-sn-lng. a. Deaf; not 
hearing ; not regarding. Thomson. 

UNLFVELINESS*, fin-llve'-le-nes. n. *. Dulness. 
Milton. 

UNLFVELY*, fin-llve'-le. a. Not lively; dull. 

To UNLOAD, fin-l6de'. v. a. To disburthen ; to ex- 
onerate ; to free from load. Shak. To put off any 
thing burthensome. Sliakspeare. 

To UNLOCK, fin-l5k'. v. a. [unlucan, Sax.] To 
open what is shut with a lock. Slutk. To open in 
general. Milton. 

UNLO'CKED, fin-lokt'. a. Not fastened with a lock. 

UNLOCKED, fin-l66kt'. )a. Unexpected; 

UNLOCKED for, fin-lfi6kt'-fdr. \ not foreseen. 
Sidney. 

To UNLOOSE, fin-lo6se'. v. a. [unlepan, Sax.] 
To loose. Shakspeare. 

To UNLOOSE, fin-l66se'. v.n. To fall in pieces; 
lo loose all union and connexion. Collier. 

UNLOVABLE, fin-l66'-za-bl. a. Not to be lost. 
Boyle. 

UNLO'VED, fin-lfivd'. 359. a. Not loved. Sidney. 

UNLOVELINESS, fin-lfiv'-le-nes. n. s. Unamia- 
bleness ; inability to create love. Sidney. 

UN LOVELY, fin-lfiv'-le. a. That cannot excite love. 
Beaumont. 

UNLO'VING,fin-lfiv'-Ing.a. Unkind; not fond. Shak. 

UNLUCKILY, fin-lfik'-e-le. ad. Unfortunately ; by 
ill luck. Shaksj)ea7-e. 

UNLUCKINESS*, fin-lfik'-ke-nes. n. s. Unfortu- 
nateness. Scott. Misehievousness. Addison. 

UNLUCKY, fin-lfik'-e. a. Unfortunate; producing 
unhappiness. Boyle. Unhappy ; miserable ; sub- 
ject to frequent misfortunes. Spenser. Slightly 
mischievous; mischievously waggish. Tusser. Ill- 
omened ; inauspicious. Dryden. 

UNLU'STROUS, fin-lfis'-trfis. a. Wanting splen- 
dour; wanting lustre. Sliakspeare. 

To UNLU'TE, fin-lute', v. a. To separate vessels 
closed with chymical cement. Boyle. 

UNMA'DE, fin-made', a. Not yet formed; not cre- 
ated. Spenser. Deprived of form or qualities. 
Woodward. Omitted to be made. Blackmore. 

UNMA'IDENLY*. fin-ma'-dn-le. a. Unbecoming a 
n.aiden. Bp. Hall. 

UNMA'IMED, fin-mamd'. a. Not deprived of any 
essential part. Sir J. Beaumont. 

UNMA'KABLE, fin-ma'-ka-bl. a. Not possible to 
be made. Grew. 

To UNMA'KE, fin-make', v.a. To deprive of for- 
mer qualities before possessed. Shakspeare. 

UNMA'LLEABLE*, fin-mal'-le-a-bl. a. Not mal- 
leable. Fanshawe. 

To UNMA'N, fin-man', v.a. To deprive of the con- 
stituent qualities of a human being, as reason.. 
Shale. To emasculate. To break ^into irresolu- 
tion ; to deject. Dn/den. 

UNMANAGEABLE, fin-man'-e-ja-bl. a. Not man- 
ageable ; not easily governed. GUtnville. Not ea- 
sily wielded. 

UNMA'NAGED, fin-man'-ldjd. 90. a. Not broken 
by horsemanship. Bp. Taxjlor. Not tutored ; not 
educated. Felton. 

UNMA'NLIKE, fin-man'-llke. ) a. Unbecoming a 

UNMA'NLY, fin-man'-le. ) human being. Sid- 

ney. Unsuitable to a man; effeminate. Sidney. 

UNMA'NNED*, fin-mand'. a. Not furnished with 
men. Kyd. Not tamed : a term of falconry. Shak. 

UNMA'NNERED, fin-man'-nfird. a. Rude; brutal; 
uncivil. B. Jonson. 

UNMA'NNERLINESS, fin-man'-nfir-le-nSs. n. s. 



Breach of civility; ill behaviour. Bp. Hall. 
iNERLY, fin-man'-nfir-le. a. Ill bre 



d ; not 



UNMA'NNERU! 

civil ; not complaisant. Shakspeare. 
UNMA'NNERLY, fin-man'-nfir-le. ad. Uncivilly. 

Shakspeare. 
UNMANU'RED, fin-ma-nurd', a. Not cultivated. 



UNMA'RKED, fin-markt'. 359. a. Not observed ; 
not regarded. Sidney. 

974 



UNM 



UNN 



-ikS. move, nor, nAtj — tnbo, tfib, bull; — 611; — pound; — </iin, tins. 



INMA'RRED*, fin-mard'.a. Uninjured; not spoil- 
ed. Spenser. 

I NM.VRRIED, fin-mfu'-rid. 282. a. Having no 
husband, or no wife. Baron. 

To UNMA'RRY* fin-mar'-re. v. a. To separate 
from the matrimonial contract ; to divorce. Mil- 
Ion. 

To UNMA'SK, tin-mask', v. a. To strip of a mask. 
To strip of any disguise. .Roscommon. 

To UNMA'SK, fin-mask'. i>. n. To put off the mask. 
Shakspeare. 

UNMASKED, fin-maskt'. 359. a. Naked; open to 
the view. Dn/den. 

I'NMA'STERABLE, fln-ma'-stfir-a-bl. a. Uncon- 
querable ; not to be subdued. Brown. 

I VMA'STERED, fin-ma'-stfird. a. Not subdued. 
Not conquerable. Shakspeare. 

UNMA'TCHABLE, fin-matsh'-a-bl. a. Unparallel- 
ed ; unequalled. Hooker. 

UNMATCHED, fin-matsht'. a. Matchless ; having 
no match or equal. Dryden. 

UNME'ANING, ftn-me'-nmg. 410. a. Expressing no 
meaning ; having no meaning. Pope. 

UNMEANT, fin-mint', a. Not intended. Dryden. 

UNMEASURABLE,fin-mSzh'-fir-a-bl. a. Bound- 
less; unbounded. Shakspeare. 

TNML-; ASURABLY*,fin-m&zh'-fir-a-ble. ad. Be- 
voikI all bounds ; beyond measure. Howell. 

UftME'ASURED, fin-mezh'-fir'd. a. Immense; in- 
finite. Blackmore. Not measured; plentiful be- 
vond measure. Mi/ton. 

UNMEDD LED «>&/<, fin-med'-drd-wfTH. 359. a. 
Not touched ; not altered. Carew. 

UNME'DDLING*,fin-med'-dl-?ng.a.Not interfering 
with the affairs of others. Ld. Chesterfield. 

UNME'DDLINGNESS*, ftn-med'-dl-?ug-nes. n. s. 
Absence of interposition or intermeddling. Bp. 

UNMEDITATED, fin-med'-e-ta-ted. a. Not formed 
bv previous thought. Millon. 

UNMEET, fin-meet', a. [unmefce, Sax.] Not fit; 
not proper ; not worthy. Spenser. 

UNMEETLY*, fin-meet'-le. ad. Not properly ; not 
suitably. Spenser. 

UNMEE'TNESS* fin-meet'-nSs. n. s. [unmefc- 
nyrre,Sax.] Unfitness; unsuitableness. Milton. 

UNME'LLOWED,ftn-melM6de. a. Not fully ripen- 
ed. Shikspeare. 

UNMELO'DIOUS*. fin-me-lo'-de-fis. a. Harsh; 
grating ; not melodious. Sir T. Herbert. 

UNME'LTED, fin-melt'-ed. a. Undissolved by heat. 
Waller. 

UNME'NTIONED, fin-men'-shfin'd. a. Not told; 
not named. Clarendon. 

UNMERCHANTABLE, fin-mer'-tshan-ta-bl. a. 
Unsaleable ; not vendible. Carew. 

UNME'RCIFUL, fin-mcY-se-ffil. a. Cruel; severe; 
inclement. Locke. Unconscionable; exorbitant. 
Pope. 

UNME'RCIFULLY,fin-meV-se-ffil-e. ad. Without 
mercy ; without tenderness. Addison. 

UNME'RCIFULNESS,fin-meV-se-ffil-nes. n.s. In- 
clemency ; cruelty ; want of tenderness. Bp. Tay- 
lor. 

UNME'RITABLE, fin-merMt-a-bl. a. Having no 
desert. Shakspeare. Not in use. 

UNME'RITED, fin-meV-?t-ed. a. Not deserved ; not 
obtained otherwise than by favour. Milton. 

UNME'RITEDNESS, fin-mer'-lt-ed-n§s. n. s. State 
of being undeserved. Boyle. 

UNMET*, 6n-meV. a. Not met. B. Jonson. 
UNMI'GHTY*, fin-ml'-te. a. [unmihfci^, Sax.] Not 
powerful ; weak. 

UNMI'LD*, fin-mild', a. [unmilb, Sax.] Not mild ; 

fierce. 
UNMI'LDNESS*, fin-mlld'-nes. n.s. Want of mild- 
ness. Milton. 
UNMI'LKED, fin-milkt'. a. Not milked. Pope. 
UNMI'LLED*, fin-mild', a. [Of coin.] Not milled. 

Leake. 
UNMI'NDED, fln-mlnd'-ed. a. Not heeded ; not re- 
garded. Sliakspeare. 



UNMI'NDFUL, fin-mlnd'-ffil. a. Not heedful ; im* 
regardful; negligent; inattentive. Spenser. 

UNMINDFULLY*, fin-mlnd'-ffil-e. ad. Carelessly 
Scott. 

UNMI'NDFULNESS*, ftn-mlnd'-ffil-nes. n. s. Care- 
lessness; heedlessness; negligence; inattention 
Scott. 

To UNMI'NGLE, fin-mmg'-g). 505. v. a. To sepa 
rate things mixed. Bacon. 

UNMI'NGLEABLE, fin-nnW-gl-a-bl. a. Not sus 
ceptive of mixture. Boyle. Not used. 

UNMI'NGLED, fin-mlng'-gl'd. 359. a. Pure; nrt 
vitiated by any thing mingled. Shakspeare. 

UNMI'RY, ftn-ml'-re. a. Not fouled with dirt. Gity. 

UNMI'SSED*, fin-mist', a. Not missed. Gray. 

UNMITIGABLE* fin-mft'-e-ga-bl. a. That may 
not be softened. Shakspeare. 

UNMITIGATED, fin-mit'-e-ga-tecl. a. Not soften- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

UNMI'XED, ) , ,. ., „, a C a. Not mingled 

UNMI'XT, \ fin - mI kst'. 3o9. J with my ^ 

pure ; not corrupted by additions. Bacon. 

UNMO'ANED, fin-mon'd'. a. Not lamented. Shaft. 

UNMOI'ST, fin-m6?st'. a. Not wet. Phillips. 

UNMOI'STENED, fin-mfie'-s'n'd. 359. a. Not made 
wet. Boyle. 

UNMOLE'STED, fin-mo-lest'-ed. a. Free from dis- 
turbance ; free from external troubles. Prior. 

UNMONIED*, fin-m&ir'-nfd. a. Having no moneyj 
wanting money. Shenstone. 

To UNftlONOTOLIZE* fin-m6-nop'-6-llze. v. a. 
To rescue from being monopolized. Milton. 

To UNMO'OR, ftn-mfifir'. r. a. To loose from land 
by taking up the anchors. Pope. Prior seems to 
have taken it for casting anchor. 

UNMO'RALIZED, fin-mdr'-a-liz'd. a. Untutored 
by morality. Norris. 

UNMORTGAGED, fin-mfir'-gadj'd. 90. a. Not 
mortgaged. Dryden. 

UNMO'RTIFIED, fin-mcV-te-flde. a. Not subdued 
by sorrow and severities. Rogers. 

To UNMO'ULD, fin-mold'. [See Mould.] v. a. To 
change as to the form. Millon. 

UNMOURNED, fin-mfirn'd'. a. Not lamented ; not 
deplored. Soutliern. 

UNMCyVABLE, fin-mofiv'-a-bl. a. Such as cannot 
be removed or altered. Locke. 

UNMOVABLY*, fin-mfiov'-a-ble. ad. Unalterably. 
Ellis. 

UNMCKVED, fin-mfifiv'd'. a. Not put out of one place 
into another. May. Not changed in resolution. 
Milton. Not affected ; not touched with any pas- 
sion. Pope. Unaltered by passion. Dryden. 

UNMO'VING, fin-mfio'-vfng. 410. a. Having no mo- 
tion. Clieyne. Having no power to raise the pas- 
sions; unaffecting. 

To UNMU'FFLE, fin-m&P-fl. v. a. To put off a cov- 
ering from the face. Milton. 

UNMU'RxMURED*, fin-mfir'-mfird. a. Not murmur- 
ed at. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNMU'SICAL, fin-mo/- ze-kal. a. Not harmonious ; 

not pleasing by sound. B. Jonson. 
To UNMU'ZZLE, fin-mfiz'-zl. v. a. To loose from a 
muzzle. Shakspeare. 

UNNA'MED, fin-nam'd'. a. Not mentioned. Milton. 
Not having" received a name. Milton. 

UNNA'TIVE*, fin-na'-tiv. a. Not native. Thomson. 
UNNATURAL, fin-nat'-tshfi-ral. a. Contrary to the 
laws of nature ; contrary to the common instincts. 
Sliak. Acting without the affections implanted by 
nature. SlwJc. Forced ; not agreeable to the real 
state of persons or things ; not representing nature. 
Dryden. 
To UNNATURALIZE*, ftn-nat'-tsbfi-ral-lze. v. a. 
To divest of the affections implanted by nature. 
Hales. 
UNNA'TURALLY, fin-nat'-tshu-ral-e. ad. In oppo- 
sition to nature. TUlotson. 
UNNATURALNESS, fin-nat'-tsha-ral-nes. n. *. 

Contrariety to nature. Sidney. 
UNNA'VIGABLE, fin-nav'-e-ga-bl. a. Not to be 
passed by vessels ; not to be navigated. Cotcky. 





UNO UNP 




ID 3 559.— Fate, far, f all, fat ;— me, met j— pine., pin ;— 



UNNA'VIGATED*, fin-niiv'-e-ga-ted. a. Not sailed 
over. Cooke's Voyage. 

UNNECESSARILY, un-n-s'-seVsa-re-le. ad. With- 
out necessity ; without need ; needlessly. Hooker. 

UNNECESSARINESS, fln-neV-ses-sa-re-nes. n.s. 
Needlessness. Decay of Christian Piety. 

UNNECESSARY, un-nes'-sils-sd-re. a. Needless; 
not wanted : useless. Hooker. 

UNNEE'DFUL*, un-need'-ffil. a. Not wanted; 
needless. Milton. 

UNNEIGHBOURLY, un-na'-bur-le. 249. a. Not 
kind ; not suitable to the duties of a neighbour. 
Garth. 

UNNEIGHBOURLY, fin-na'-bfir-le. ad. In a man- 
ner not suitable to a neighbour ; with malevolence ; 
with mutual mischief. Sliakspeare. 

UNNERVATE, un-neV-vat. 91. a. Weak ; feeble. 
Broome. 

To UNNE'RVE, un-nerv'. v. a. To weaken ; to en- 
feeble. Addison. 

UNNERVED, un-nSrvd'. a. Weak; feeble. Shak. 

UNNE'TH, un-neTH'. ) ad. [un and eaS, Sax.] 

UNNETHES, un-ne T Hs'. S Scarcely ; hardly; not 
without difficulty. Spenser. Ob. J. 

UNNOBLE, un-no'-bl. a. Mean; ignominious; ig- 
noble. Shakspeare. 

UNNORLY*, fin-ni'-ble, ad. Meanly; ignobly. 
Beaumont and Fletcfier. 

UNNOTED, fin-no'-tecl. a. Not observed ; not re- 

farded: not heeded. Sliakspeare. Not honoured, 
'ope. 

UNNOTICED*, un-n6'-tist. a. Not observed; not 
taken notice of. Roberts. 

UNNUMBERED, fin-num'-burd. a. Innumerable. 
S>cakspeare. 

UNNURTURED*, un-nur'-tshurd. a. Not nurtured; 
not educated. Wisdom, xvii. 

UNOBE'YED, un-6-bade'. 359. a. Not obeyed. 
Milton. 

UNOBJECTED, un-db-jek'-teU a. Not charged as 
a fault, or contrary argument. Atterhury. 

UNOBJECTIONABLE*, un-6b-jeV-sh&n-a-bl. a. 
Not to be objected against. Dr. Geddes. 

UNOBNO'XIOUS, un-ob-n&k'-shus. a. Not liable ; 
not exposed to any hurt. Donne. 

UNOBSCURED*, un^b-skiW. a. Not obscured ; 
not darkened. Milton. 

UNOBSE'UUIOUSN ESS, fin^b-se'-kwe-us-nes. 
n.s. Incompliance; disobedience. Brown. 

UNOBSERVABLE, fin-db-zeV-va-bl. a. Not to be 
observed ; not discoverable. Boyle. 

UNOBSERVANCE*, un-6b-zeV-vanse. n.s. Inat- 
tention; regardlessness. Whitlock. 

UNOBSERVANT, fin-6b-zeV-vant. a. Not obsequi- 
ous. Not attentive. Glanville. 

UNOBSERVED, fin-&b-zervd'. a. Not regarded ; 
not attended to ; not heeded ; not minded. Bacon. 

UNOBSE'RVEDLY*, un-ob-zerv'-ed-le. ad. With- 
out being observed. Patrick. 

UN OBSERVING, un-ob-zer'-vfng. a. Inattentive ; 
not heedful. Dry den. 

UNOBSTRUCTED, un-ob-str&k'-tcd. a. Not hin- 
dered ; not stopped. B/ackmore. 

UNOBSTRUCTIVE, un-&b-struk'-uV. a. Not rais- 
ing any obstacle. Blackmore. 

UNOBTA'INED, un-&b-tand'. a. Not gained ; not 
acquired. Hooker. 

UNOBTRUSIVE*, un-ob-tnV-slv. a. Not obtrusive; 
not forward ; modest ; humble. Young. 

UNORVIOUS, un-6b'-ve-us. a. Not readily occur- 
ring. Boyle. 

UNOCCUPIED, un-ok'-ku-plde. a. Unpossessed. 
Ray. 

UNOFFE'NDED*, 5n-6f-fend'-ed. a. Not offended. 
Johnson. 

UNOFFENDING, un-6f-fend'-?ng. a. Harmless; 
innocent. Dryden. Sinless ; pure from fault. Rog- 
ers. 

UNOFFE NSIVE*, &n-6f-f en'-siv. a. Giving no of- 
fence. Fell. 

UNO'FFERED, un-of-ffird. a. Not proposed to ac- 
ceptance. Clarendon. 



UNO'FTEN*, un-&f-fn. ad. Rarely. Harris. 
To UNOIL, un-ofl'. v. a. To free from oil. 



Pry- 
Not smeared with oil. 



den. 
UNOTLED*, fin-6fld 

Young. 

UNORENED*, un-o'-pnd. a. Not opened ; not un- 
closed. Ld. Chesterfield. 
UNORENING,un-6'-pn-?ng. a. Not opening. Pope. 
UNO PERATIVE, un-6p?er-a-tlv. a. Producing no 

effects. South. 
UNOPPOSED, un-op^zd'. a. Not encountered by 

any hostility or obstruction. Milton. 
UNORDERLY, un-6r'-d&r-le. a. Disordered ; irreg- 
ular. Sanderson. 
UNORDINARY, un-6r'-de-n*Ure. a. Uncommon; 

unusual. Locke. Ob. J. 

UNORGANIZED, un-or'-gan-lzd. a. Having no 

parts instrumental to the motion or nourishment of 

the rest. Grew. 

UNORIGINAL, un-o-rfd'-je-nal. )a. Hav 

UNORI'GINATED, un-i-rfd'-je-na-tcd. \ ing no 

birth ; ungeneratecl. Milton. 
UNORNAME'NTAL*, un-6r-na-ment'-al. a. Plain ; 

without ornament. West. 
UNORNAMENTED*, fin-Sr'-na-ment-eU a. Not 

adorned ; not dressed with ornaments. Coventry. 
UNORTHODOX, un-dr'-tfio-d&ks. a. Not holding 

pure doctrine. Decay of Christian Piety . 
UNOSTENTATIOUS*, un-os-ten-ta'-sh&s. a. Not 

boastful ; modest. West. 
UNO' WED, un-6de'. a. Having no owner. Shak. 
UNO'WNED, un-ond'. a. Having no owner. Not 

acknowledged; not claimed. Milton. 
UNPACFFICK*,un-pa-s?P-ik. a. Not of a peaceable 

turn ; not gentle. Warton. 
UNPACIFIED*, un-pas'-se-flde. u. Not composed; 

not calmed. Browne. 
To UNPACK, fin-pak'. v. a. To disburden ; to ex- 
onerate. Shak. To open any thing bound together. 
Boyle. 
UNPACKED, ftn-pakt'. 359. a. Not collected by un- 
lawful artifices. Hudibras. 
UNPAID, un-pade'. a. Not discharged. Milton. 
Not receiving dues or debts. Collier. — Unpaid for. 
That for which the price is not yet given ; taken 
on trust. Shakspeare. 
UNPATNED, fin-pand'. a. Suffering no pain. Mil- 
ton. 
UNPA'INFUL, un-pane'-ful. a. Giving no pain. 

Locke. 
UNPARATABLE, un-paF-a-ta-bl. a. Nauseous; 

disgusting. Dryden. 
To UNPARADISE*, un-par'-d-dJse. v. a. To de- 
prive of happiness resembling that of paradise. 
Young. 
UNPARAGONED,un-par'-a-gond. a. Unequalled ; 

unmatched. Shakspeare. 
UNPARALLELED, un-piir'-al-lM a. Not match- 
ed ; not to be matched ; having no equal. Shak. 
UNPARDONABLE, un-paV-dii-a-bl. a. [impardon- 

able, Fr.] Irremissible. Hooker. 
TJNPARDONABLY, un-par'-du-a-ble. ad. Beyond 

forgiveness. Atterbury. 
UNPARDONED, fln-par'-dnd. 359. a. Not forgiven. 
Rogers. Not discharged ; not cancelled by a legal 
pardon. Raleigh. 
UNPARDONING, un-par'-dn-ing. 410. a. Not for- 
giving. Dryden. 
UNPARLIAMENTARINESS, fin-par-le-ment'-a- 
re-nSs. n. s. Contrariety to the usage or constitu- 
tion of parliament. Clarendon. 
UNPARLIAMENTARY, un-par-le-ment'-a-re. a. 

Contrary to the rules of parliament. Swift. 
UNPARTED, un-par'-tgd. a. Undivided ; not sep- 
arated. Prior. 
UNPARTIAL, un-par'-shal. a. Equal ; honest : not 

now in use. Sanderson. 
UNPARTIALLY, un-par'-shal-e. ad. Equally; in- 
differently. Hooker. 
UNPA'SSABLE, fin-pas'-sa-bl. a. Admitting no pas- 
sage. Estlier, xvi. Not current , not suffered to 
pass. Locke. 

776 






UNP 



UNP 



— 116, mftve. ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pdund ; — thin, THis. 



UNPA'SSIONATE. ftii-pdsli'.aii-at. 91. ) 
UNPA'SSIONATED. an-pash'-fin-a-ted. \ a ' 
Free from passion ; calm : impartial. Wotton. 
UNPA'SSIONATELY, ii.i-pash'-ua4t-le. «rf . With- 
out passion. King Charles. 
UNl\VSTORAL*,un-pas'-tur-al. a. Not pastoral; 

not becoming pastoral manners. Warton. 
DNPATHE0, un-paTHd'. a. Uutracked 5 unmark- 
ed bv passage. Shakspeare. 
UXPATHE'TICK*, un-pa-tfiel'-ik. a. Not passion- 
ate ; not moving. Warton. 
UNPA'TRONIZED*, un-pat'-run-lzd.a. Not having 

a patron. Johnson. 
FXP.VTTERXED*, flu-pat'-turnd. a. Having no 

equal. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
UNPA'VED*,fin-pavd'.a.Not paved. Hakeioill. 
UXPA'WNED, an-pawnd'. a. Not given to pledge. 

Pnj)e. 
To UNPA'Y, fln-pa'. v. a. Not to pay ; not to com- 
pensate. Dryden. To undo : a low, ludicrous word. 
Shakspeare. 
UNPE'ACEABLE, ftn-pe'-sa-bl. a. Quarrelsome ; 
inclined to disturb the tranquillity of others. Ham- 
mond. 
UX PEACEFUL*, ftn-peese'-ffil. a. Unpacifick ; vi- 
olent ; without peace. Cowley. 
To UNPE'G, an-peg'. v.a. To open any thing clos- 
ed with a peg. Shakspeare. 
UNPENETRABLE*, fin-pen'-e-tra-bl. a. Impene- 
trable. Herbert. 
UNPENITENT*, An-pen'-e-tSnt. a. Impenitent. 

Sandys. 
UNPE'NSIONED^n-peV-shfind. a. Not kept inde- 
pendence by a pension. Pope. 
To UNPEOPLE, an-pee'-pl. v. a. To depopulate ; 

to deprive of inhabitants. Spense)'. 
UNPERCE'IVABLE* an-per-se'-va-bl. a. Not 

readily to be perceived; not obvious. Pearson. 
UNPERCE'IVED, an-pcr-sevd'. a. Not observed ; 
not heeded ; not sensibly discovered ; not known. 
Bacon. 
UXPERCE IVEDLY, fin-per-se'-ve'd-le. 364. ad. 

So as not to be perceived. Boyle. 
UNPE'RFECT, ftn-peV-fgkt. a. [imperfait, Fr. ; 

imperfectus, LatJ Incomplete. Peachani. 
UNPE'RFECTED*, ftn-peV-fSkt-gd. a. Not per- 
fected ; not completed. Hammond. 
UNPE'RFECTLY*, fin-peV-f ekt-le. ad. Imperfect- 
ly. Hales. r 
UNPE/RFECTNESS, an-per'-fekt-nes. n. s. Imper- 
fection ; incompleteness. Ascham. 
UNPERFORMED, an-per-fdrmd'. [See Per- 
form.] a. Undone; not done. Bp. Taylor. 
UNPERFO'RMJNG*, an-per-form'-lng. a. Not dis- 
charging its office. Dryden. 
UNPE'RISHABLE, fin-per'-rsh-a-bl. a. Lasting to 

perpetuity ; exempt from decay. Hammond. 
UNPE'RISHED*, an-peV-lsht. a. Not violated; not 

dest roved. Sir T. Elyot. 
UNPE'RJURED, an-per'-jfird. a. Free from per- 
jury. Dryden. 
To UNPERPLE'X*, fin-peY-plftks'. v. a. To relieve 

from perplexity. Donne. 
UNPERPLE'XED^n-per-plSkst'.a. Disentangled ; 

not embarrassed. Locke. 
UNPERSPFRABLE, ftn-peV-spl'-ra-hl. a. Not to 
be. emitted through the pores of the skin. Arbuth. 
UNPERSUADABLE, an-pgr-swa'-da-bl. a. Inex- 
orable ; not to he persuaded. Sidney. 
UNPE'TRIFIED, ftn-pSl'-lre-flde. a. Not turned to 

stone. Brown. 
UX PHILOSOPHICAL, an-fil-l6-z6f'-e-kal. a. Un- 
suitable to the rules of philosophy, or right reason. 
Collier. 
UNPHILOSO'PHICALLY, fin-fil-lo-zdP-e-kal-e. 
ad. In a manner contrary to the rules of right rea- 
son. South. 
UNPHILOSOTHICALNESS.an-fil-ia-z&f-e-kal- 

nes. n. s. Incongruity with philosophy. Norris. 
ToUNPHILOSOPHlZE, fin-fe-lds'-so-flze. v.a. 
To degrade from the character of a philosopher. 
Pope. 

123 



UNPHY'SICKED*, an-fiz'-ikt. a. Not indebted to 

medicine ; not influenced by medicine. Howell. 
UXPIE'RCED, an-perst'. 359. [See Pierce.] a. 

Not penetrated j not pierced. Milton. 
UNPFLLARED, ftn-pll'-lard. a. Deprived of pil- 
lars. Pope. 
UNPFLLOWED, an-pll'-iade. a. Wanting a pillow. 

Milton. 
ToUNPFN, an-pnt'. v. a. To open what is shut or 

fastened with a pin. Shakspeare. 
UNP1 NKED, an-plngkt'. 359. a. Not marked with 

eyelet holes. Shakspeare. 
UNPIT1ED, an-plt'-t?d. 282. a. Not compassionat- 
ed ; not regarded with sympathelical sorrow. Shak. 
UNPFTIFUL*,an-pu'-e-fal. a. Not merciful. Not 

exciting pity. Daries. 
UNPFTIFULLY, fin-plt'-e-ffil-k ad. Unmercifully j 

without mercv. Shakspeare. 
UN PITYING" An-plt'-te-lng. 410. a. Having no 

compassion. Grunville. 
UN PL A/CABLE*, un-pla'-ka-bl. a. Not to be ap- 
peased ; implacable. Fotherby. 
UNPLA CED, an-plast'. 359. a. Having no place of 

dependence. Pope. 
UNPLA'GUED, an-plagd'. 359. a. Not tormented. 

Shakspeare. 
UNPLA'NTED, an-plan'-t&L a. Not planted; spon- 
taneous. Waller. 
UNPLA'USIBLE, fin-plaw'-ze-bl. a. Not plausible ; 

not such as has a fair appearance. Clarendon. 
UNPLA'USIVE, on-plaw'-siv. a. Not approving. 

Shakspeare. 
UNPLEA DABLE*, an-ple'-da-bl. a. Not capable 

to be alleged in plea. South. 
UNPLEASANT, fin-pleV-ant. a. Not delighting ; 

troublesome ; uneasy. Hooker. 
UNPLEASANTLY, an-pleV-ant-le. ad. Not de- 
lightfully ; uneasily. Pope. 
UN'PLE A'SANTNESS, an-plez'-ant-nes. n. s. Want 

of qualities to give deiight. Hooker. 
UNPLEA'SED, Gn-plezd 7 . 359. a. Not pleased ; not 

delighted. Shakspeare. 
UNPLEA'SING, fin-ple'-zing. 410. a. Offensive; 

disgusting ; giving no delight. Milton. 
UNPLE A'SIN GNESS*, fin-ple'-ztog-nSs. n. s. Want 

of qualities to please. Milton. 
UNPLEA'SIVE*, 6n-ple'-ziv. a. Not pleasing. Bp. 

Hall. 
UNPLFANT, un-pll'-ant. a. Not easily bent; not 

conforming to the will. Wotton. 
UNPLO'UGHED, un-plSud'. a. Not ploughed. Mor- 
timer. 
To UN PLU'ME , an-plume'. v. a. To strip of plumes ; 

to degrade. Glanville. 
UNPOE'TICAL.fln-po-eY-te-kal. \a. Not as be- 
UNPOETICK, an-p6-et'-Ik. 509. ] comes a poet. 

Bp. Corbett. 
UNPOE'TICALLY*, fln-p6-eY-te-kal-le. ad. In a 

manner unbecoming a poet. Dr. Warton. 
UNPO / INTED*,an-p6lnt / -ed. a. Having no point or 
sting. B. Jonson. Not observing punctuations. 
Dryden. 
To UNPO'ISON*, an-poi'-zn. v. a. To remove poi- 
son from. South. 
UNPCVIZED*, un-polzd'. a. Wanting equipoise. 

Thomson. 
UNPO'LISHED, an-pSlMsht. 359. a. Notsmoothed; 
not brightened by attrition. Wotton. Not civiliz- 
ed ; not refined. Waller. 
UNPOLI'TE, an-po-lite'. a. [impoli, Fr. ; impolitvs, 
Lat.] Not elegant ; not refined ; not civil. Watts. 
UNPOLFTENESS*, an-po-lite'-n^s. n.s. Want of 
elegance. Blackwall. Want of courtesy or civil- 
UN PO / LLED*,un-pold'. a. Unplundered. Fanshawe. 

Not registered as a voter. 
UNPOLLUTED, fln-pol-ia'-teU a. [impotlutus, 

Lat.l Not corrupted ; not defiled. Shakspeare. 
UNPOTULAR, an-p&p'-a-lar. 88. a. Not fitted to 

please the people. Addison. 
UNPOPULA'RITY*, an-pop-u-lar'-e-te. n.s. Want 
of qualities to please the people. Ld. Lyttelton. 



UNP 



UNP 



[FT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me^ melj— pine, pin: 



UNPO'RTABLE, fiu-p6rt'-a-b!. a. Not to be carried. 

Raleigh. 
UNPO'RTIONED*, un-por'-shfind. a. Not endowed 

with a fortune. Youmr. 
UNPO'RTUOUS*, fin-por'-tshu-us. a. Having- no 

ports. Burke. 
UNPOSSESSED, fin-p&z-z&t'. a. Not had ; not 

held 3 not enjoyed. Skakspeare. 
UNPOSSE'SSING, un-poz-zes'-smg. a. Having- no 

possession. Skakspeare. 
UNPO'SSIBLE*, un-pos'-se-bl. a. Not possible. 

Bacon. 
UNPRACTICABLE,un-prak'-te-ka-bl. a. Not fea- 
sible 5 not practicable. Boyle. 
UN PRACTISED, fin-prak'-dst. a. Not skilful by 
use and experience 3 raw ; being in the state of a 
novice. Skakspeare. Not known 3 or not familiar 
by use. Prior. 
UNPRATSED. un-prazd'. a. Not celebrated; not 

praised. Spenser. 
UNPRECA'RIOUS, un-pre-ka'-re-us. a. Not de- 
pendent on another. Blackmore. 
UNPRECEDENTED, un-preV-se-den-tSd. a. Not 

justifiable by any example. Swift 
UNPRECFSE*, ftu-pre-slse'. a. Loose ; not exact. 

Warton. 
To UNPREDFCT, fln-pre-dikt'. v.n. To retract 

prediction. Milton. 
UNPREFE'RRED, fm-pre-feVd'. a. Not advanced. 

Collier. 
UNPRE/GNANT, un-preg'-ndnt. a. Not prolifick ; 

not quick of wit. Sltakspeare. 
UNPREJUDICATE, un-pre-j>V-de-kate. > 

UNPREJU'DICATED*, im-pre-ju'-de-ka-teU \ a ' 
Not prepossessed by any settled notions. Bp. Hall. 
UNPREJUDICED, un-pred'-ju-dlsl. a. Free from 
prejudice 3 free from prepossession ; not preoccupied I 
by opinion ; void of preconceived notions. Tillotson. \ 
UNPRE'JUDICEDNESS*, fei-pred'-ju-d'ts-ed-ngs. j 

n. s. State of being un prejudiced. Clarke. 
UNPRELA'TICAL, un-pre-lal'-e-kal. a. Unsuitable 

to a prelate. Clarendon. 
UNPREMEDITATED, un-pre-meM'-e-ta-teU a. 

Not prepared in the mind beforehand. Milton. 
UNPREPA'RED, un-pre-par'd'. a. Not fitted by 
previous measures. Milton,. Not made fit for the 
dreadful moment, of departure. Skakspeare. 
UNPREPA'REDNESS, uu-pre-pa'-red-nSs. 365. 

n. s. State of being unprepared. K. Charles. 
UNPREPOSSESSED, &n-pre-p&z-zgst'. a. Not pre- 
possessed ; not preoccupied by notions. South. 
UNPRE'SSED, un-prest'. a. Not pressed. Shale. 

Not enforced. Clarendon. 
UNPRESU'MPTUOUS*, fin-pre-zum'-tshu-us. a. 

Not presumptuous ; submissive ; humble. Cowper. 
UNPRETENDING, un-pre-teV-ding. a. Not claim- 
ing any distinctions. Pope. 
UNPREVA'ILING, un-pre-va-llng. a. Being of no 

force. Sliakspearc. 
UNPREVE'NTED, fin-pre-vent'-gd. a. Not previ- 
ously hindered. Shak. Not preceded by any thing. 
Milton. 
To UNPRIE'ST*, un-preest'. v. a. To deprive of 

the orders of a priest. Milton. 
UNPRIE'STLY*, un-preesl'-le. a. Unsuitable to a 

priest. Bale. 
UNPRFNCELY, fin-prlns'-le. a. Unsuitable to a 

prince. K. Charles. 
UNPRINCIPLED, fin-prin'-se-pl'd. 359. a. Not 

settled in tenets or opinions. Milton. 
UNPRFNTED, fin-priht'-Sd. a. Not printed. Poy&. . 
UNPRFSONED, fin-priz'-z'n'd. 359. a. Set free' 

from confinement. Donne. f, 

UNPRFZABLE, fin-prl'-za-bl. a. Not valued 3 not 

of estimation. Shakspeare. 
UNPRFZED, un-prlz'd'. a. Not valued. Shak. 
UNPROCLA'IMED, un-pri-klam'd'. a. Not noti- 
fied by a publick declaration. Milton. 
UNPRODUCTIVE*, un-pro-duk'-fiv. a. Having 
no power to produce 3 not efficient 5 barren. Burke. 
UNPROFANED, un-pro-fan'd'. a. Not violated. 
Dryden. 



UNPROFIC1ENCY*, un-pr6-fish'-en-se. n. s. Want 
of improvement. Bp. Hall. 

UNPROFITABLE, un-pr&F-e-ta-bl. a. Useless; 
serving no purpose. Hooker. 

UNPROFITABLENESS, un-proP-e-ta-bl-nes. n.s. 
Usplessness. Addison. 

UNPROFPTABLY, un-pr6F-e-ta-Ue. ad. Useless- 
ly; without advantage. B.Jcnson. 

UNPROTITED, un-pr&f-h-ld. a. Having no gain. 
Skakspeare. 

UN PROJECTED*, fo-pro-jekt'-eU a. Not plan- 
ned ; not formed in the mind. South. 

UNPROLFFICK, un-pr6-]?P-ik. a. Barren; not pro 
ductive. Hale. 

UNPROMISING, un-pr6m'-is-mg. a. Giving no 
promise of excellence ; having no appearance of 
value. Locke. 

UNPROMPTED*, un-pr&mpt'-gd. a. Not dictated. 
Congreve. 

UNPltONOOJNCED, un-pro-nounst'. a. Not utter- 
ed; not spoken. Milton. 

UNPRO'PER, un-prop'-ur. 98. a. Not peculiar. 
Shakspeare. Unfit ; not right. 

UNPROTERLY, un-pr6p'-ur-le. ad. Contrarily to 
propriety ; improperly. Shakspeare. 

UNPROPHE'TICAL*, un-pr6-feY-e-kal. ) a. Not 

UNPROPHE'TICK*, un-pri-fetMk. $ foresee- 
ing or foretelling future events. Ellis. 

UNPROPI'TIOUS, un-pri-plsh'-us. a. Not favoura- 
ble ; inauspicious. Pope. 

^TROPO'RTIQNABLE^un-pro-par'-shun-a-bl. 
a. Not suitable; not such as is fit. Government of the 
Tongue. 

UNPROPO'RTIONATE*, un-pri-por'-shun-ale. a. 
Not proportioned; not suited. Pearson. 

UNPROPO'RTIONED, un-pro-pir'-shun'd. a. Not 
suited to something else. Shakspeare. 

UNPROPO'SED, un-pr6-p6z'd'. a. Not proposed. 
Dryden. 

UNPRQTPED, un-propt'. 359. a. Not supported ; 
not upheld. Milton. 

UNPRO'SPEROUS, un-pr&s'-pur-tis. a. {improsper, 
Lat.] Unfortunate ; not prosperous. Clarendon. 

UNPRO'SPEROUSLY, un-pros'-pur-us-le. ad. Un- 
successfully. Bp. Taylor. 

UNPROSPEROUSNESS*, un-pr6s'-pur-iVnes. 
n. s. State of being unprosperous. Hammond. 

UNPROTECTED, un-pro-leV-leU a. Not protect- 
ed ; not supported ; not defended. Hooker. 

UNPRO'VED, On-prOoVd'. a. Not tried; not known 
by trial. Spenser. Not evinced by argument. 
Boyle. 

To UNPROVFDE, un-pr6-vlde'. v. a. To divest 
' of resolution or qualifications; to unfurnish. Skuk. 

UNPROVFDED, un-prc-vi'-ded. a. Not secured or 
qualified by previous measures. Shak. Not fur- 
nished ; not previously supplied. K. Clmrles. 

UNPROVO'KED, un-prb-vokl'. a. Not provoked.' 
Dryden. 

UNPROVO'KING, un-pro-vc-'-kfng. a. Giving no 
o fie] ice. Fleetwood. 

UNPRUDE'NTIAL*, 6n-prit-deV-shal. a. Impru 
dent. Milton. 

UNPRU'NED, un-prun'd'. a. Not cut ; not lopped. 
Shakspeare. 

UNPU'BLICK, un-pfib'-llk. a. Private ; not gener 
ally known or seen. Bp. Taylor. 

UNPUBLISHED, un-piib'-iisht. a. Secret ; un- 
ajpown. Skak. Not given to the publick. Pope. 
IplPU'NISHED, fin-pun y -1sht. a. [impnnitus, Lat.] 
Not punished; suffered to continue in impunity. 
Ecclus. viii. 
UNPURCHASED, un-purMshist. a. Unbought. 

Denham. 
UNPU'RE*, un-pure'. a. Not clean ; not pure. Donne. 

UNPURGED, un-purj'd'. a. Not purged ; unpuri- 

fied. Shakspeare. 
UNPU RIF1ED, Sn-pu'-re-flde. 282. a. Not freed 
from recrement. Not cleansed from sin. Decay of 
Christian Piety. 
UNPURPOSED, un-pfir'-p&st. a. Not designed 3 
not intentional. Shakspeare. 
978 



UNR 



UNR 



— n6, move, ndr, n<n;— tube, tfib, bull; — fill; — pfiund; — Ih'm, this. 



UNPURSU'ED, 6n-pur-sude'. a. Not pursued. Mil- 
ton. 
UN PL TREFLED, ftn-pu'-tre-flde. a. Not corrupt- 
ed bv rottenness. Bacon. 
UNQUA L1FIED, un-kwdl'-e-flde. 282. a. Not fit. 

Denn/ of Clu: Piety. Not softened ; not abated. 
UNO. I A L1F1ED.N ESS*, un-kwol'-eflde-nes. n. s. 

State of being unqualified. Biblioth. Bibl. 
To UNQUA L1FV. un-kuol -e-li. ».o. To disquali- 
fy: to divest of qualification. Addison. 
UNQUA'LITIED* un-kwol'-e-tfd. a. Deprived of 

the usual faculties. Shakspmrc. Ob. T. 
UNQU.VRRELABLE. u.i-kwcV-rll-d-bl. a. Such 

as cannot be impugned. Broun. 
Totij&l'E EN, un-kween'. v. a. To divest of the 

dj^^V of queen. Shakspeare. 
I'NWE LLED*. cm-kweld'. a. Unsubdued. Thom- 
son. Not kept down. Thomson. 
■ UNQUENCHABLE, un-kw&ish'-a-bl. a. Unex- 
tinguishable. Bacon. 
UNQUE'NCHABLENESS, fin-kwensh'-a-bl-nes. 

n. s. Unexlinguishableness. Hakewill. 
UNQUE NCHED, un-kwenshl'. a. Not extinguish- 
ed. Bacon. Not exlinguishable. ArbullmoL. 
UNQUE STIONABLE.un-kwes'-tshun 
Indubitable 5 not to be doubted. WoLJotT. "That 
cannot bear to be questioned without impatience. 
speare. 
UNQUE STION ABLY, un-kweV-tshun-a-ble. ad. 

Indubitablv ; without doubt. Sprat. 
UNQUESTIONED, un-kweV-lshun'd. a. Not 
doubted; passed without doubt. Brown. Indispu- 
table; not to be opposed. B. Jonson. Not interro- 
gated ; not examined. Dnjden. 
UNQUICK, un-kwfrV. a. Motionless; not alive. 

Daniel. 
UNWFCKENED, un-kwfk'-kVd. a. Not animat- 
ed ; not ripened to vitality. Blxckmore. 
UNQUTET, fin-kwl'-et. a. [inquiet, Fr. ; inquietus, 
Lat.] Moved with perpetual agitation ; not calm ; 
not still. Milton. Disturbed ; lull of perturbation ; 
not at peace. SJiak. Restless ; unsatisfied. Pope. 
To UNQULET*, un-kwi'-et. v. a. To disquiet; to 

make uneasv. Lord Herbert. 
UNQLTETLY, un-kwi'-et-le. ad. Without rest. 

Shakspeare. 
UNQU1 ETNESS, fin-kwi'-et-nes. n. s. Want of 
tranquillity. Denkam. Want of peace. Spenser. 
Restlessness; turbulence. Dnjden. Perturbation; 
uneasiness. Sftakspeare. 
UN QUI ETUDE*, fin-kwl'-e-tude. n. s. Disquietude ; 

uneasiness ; restlessness. Wotton. 
UN RA'CKED, un-rakt'. a. Not poured from the 

lees. Bacon. 
UNRA'KED, ctn-rakt'. a. Not thrown together and 

covered : used only of fires. ShuksjKare. 
UNRA'NSACKED, un-ran'-sakt, a. Not pillaged. 

KnoOes. 
UNRANSOMED, un-ran'-sunid. a. Not set free by 

Davment for liberty. Pope. 
To UNRAVEL, un-rav'-v ; l. 103. v. a. To disen- 
tangle; to extricate; to clear. Fell. To disorder; 
to throw out of the present order. Tillotson. To 
clear up the intrigue of a play. Pope. 
To UNRA'VEL*, un-rav'-v'l. v. n. To be unfolded. 

Young. 
UNRA'ZORED, un-ra'-ztir'd. a. Unshaven. Milton. 
UNRE ACHED, un-retshf. 359. a. Not attained. 

Dniden. 
UNRE' AD, fin-red', a. Not read; not publickly pro- 
nounced. Hooker. Untaught; not learned in books. 
Drinhn. 
UNREADINESS, un-rtkF-e-nes. n. s. Want of 
readiness ; want of promptness. Hooker. Want 
of preparation. Bp. Taijlor. 
UNREADY, un-rSd'-e. a. Not prepared: not fit. 
Spenser. Not prompt ; not quick. Brown. Awk- 
ward ; ungain. Bacon. Undressed. Shakspeare. 
UNREAL, ftn-re'-al. a. Unsubstantial ; having only 

appearance. Shakspeare. 
UNREAPED* un-reepi'. a. Not leaped ; uncut. 
Carew. 



UNREASONABLE, un-re'-z'n-a-bl. a. Not agree- 
able to reason. Hooker. Exorbitant ; claiming or 
insisting on more than is fit. Dnjden. Greater 
than is fit ; immoderate. Allcrburu. Irrational. 
Wisdom, xi. 
UNRE / ASONABLENESS,un-re'-z , n-a-bl-ne , s.n.«. 
Inconsistency with reason. Hammond. Exorbi- 
tance ; excessive demand. K. Charles. 
I N REASONABLY, un-re'-z'n-a-ble. ad. In a man- 
ner contrary to reason. Addison. More than 
enough. Sftakspeare. 
To UNRE'AVE, fin-reve'. v. a. [now unravel.] To 
unwind ; to disentangle. Spenser. Not to tear 
asunder; not to rive ; not to unroof. Bp. Hall. 
UNR EB A TED, un-re-ba'-ted. a. Not blunted. 

Halcewill. 
UNREBU'KABLE, un-re-biV-ka-bl. a. Obnoxiou? 

to no censure. 1 Tim. vi. 
UNRECE'TVED, ftu-re-sev'd'. a. Not received 

Hooker. 
UNRECLATMED, un-re-klam'd'. a. Not tamed. 

Shak. Not reformed. Rogers. 
UNRECONCI'LABLE, un-r§k-&n-sl / -la-bl. a. Not 
to be appeased ; implacable. Sliak. Not to be 
made consistent with. Hammond. 
UNRE COXCILED, uiAek'-on-sll'd. a. Not recon 

ciled. Shakspeare. 
UNRECORDED, fin-re-kor'-deU a. Not kept in 

remembrance by publick monuments. Milton. 
UNRECOVERABLE*, un-re-kuv'-fir-a-bl. a. Not 

to be recovered ; past recovery. Feltliam. 
UNRECO'VERED^un-re-kuv'-urd. a. Not recov- 
ered. DraytOTi. 
UNRECO'UNTED, un-re-k6unt'-eU a. Not told ; 

not related. Shakspeare. 
UNRECRUTTABLE, un-re-krOot'-a-bl. a. Incapa- 
ble of repairing the deficiencies of an army. Milton. 
UNRECU'RING, un-re-ku'-rfng. a. Irremediable. 

Shakspeare. 
UNREDUCED, fln-re-dusf. a. Not reduced. Da- 
rks. 
UNREDUCIBLE*, un-re-du'-se-bl. a. Not reduci- 
ble. Ash. 
UNREDU'CIBLENESS*, un-re-du'-se-bl-nSs. n. s. 

Impossibility of being reduced. South. 
UNREFl'NED*, un-re-flnd'. a. Not refined. CUave- 

land. 
UNREFO'RMABLE, un-re-for'-ma-bl. a. Not to be 

put into a new form. Hammond. 
UNREFO'RMED, un-re-form'd'. a. Not amended ; 
n<5t corrected. Davies. Not brought to newness of 
life. Hammond. 
UNREFRA'CTED, un-re-frak'-tSd. a. Not refracts 

ed. Newton. 
UNREFRESHED, fin-re-fifeht'. a. Not cheered ; 

not relieved. Arlnithnot. 
UNREGARDED, un-re-gar'-dSd. a. Not heeded ; 

not respected ; neglected. Spenser. 
UNREGE'NERACY*, un-re-jeV-fir-a-se. n. s. 

Stale of being unregenerate. Hammond. 
UN REGENERATE, un-re-jen'-er-ate. a. Not 

brought to a new life. Stephens. 
UNREGISTERED, fin-rSd'-jIs-turU a. Not record- 
ed. Shakspeare. 
UNRETNED, un-ran'd'. 359. a. Not restrained by 

the bridle. Milton. 
UNREJO'ICING*, un-re-j6!s / -?ng. a. Unjoyousj 

gloomy; sad ; dismal. Thomson. 
UNRELATED*, un-re-la'-ted. a. Not allied by 
kindred. Barrow. Having no connexion with any 
thing. Warburton. 
UNRE'LATIVE* un-rel'-a-flv. a. Having no rela- 
tion to, or connexion with. Lord Cfiesterfield. 
UNRE'LATIVELY*, Sn-reT-a-uVle. ad. Without 

relation to any thing else. Lord Bolingbroke. 
UNRELE'NTING, un-re-lent'-fog. a. Hard; cru- 
el ; feeling no pity. Shakspeare. 
UNRELIE'VABLE, un-re-le'-va-bl. a. Admitting 

no succour. Boyle. 
UNRELIE'VED, fin-re-leev'd'. a. Not succoured, 

Dryden. Not eased. Boyle. 
UNREMARKABLE, un-re-mark'-a-bl. a. Not ca 
979 



UNR 
















UNR 


(CT 559.- 


-Fate 


f^r, 


flU, 


fat;- 


— me, 


mel;- 


— pine 


pin-,— 



pable of being observed. Digby. Not worthy of 
notice. 

UNREME'DIABLE, fin-re-me'-de-a-bl. a. Admit- 
ting no remedy. Sidney. ■ 

UNREMEDIED*, un-rem'-e-dld. a. Not cured. 
Milton. 

UNREME'MBERED, fin-re-mem'-bfird. a. Not re- 
tained in the mind; not recollected. Wotton. 

UNREME'MBERING, fin-re-mem'-bfir-fng. a. 
Having no memory. Dryden. 

UNREMEMBRANCE, fin-re-mem'-branse. n. s. 
Forgetfulness ; want of remembrance. Watts. 

UNREMITTING* fin-re-mk'-tlng. u. Not relaxing; 
not abating; persevering. Thomson. 

UNREMOVABLE, fin-re-m6dv'-a-bl. a. Not to be 
taken away. Sidney. 

UNREMO'VABLENESS*, un-re-m6ov'4-bl-nes. 
n. s. Impracticability of being removed. Bp. Hall. 

UNREMO'VABLY, fin-re-mo6v'-a-ble. ad. In a 
manner that admits no removal. Shakspeare. 

UNREMO VED, un-re-m66v'd'. a. Not taken away. 
Hammond. Not capable of being removed. Mil- 
ton. 

UNRENEWED*, fin-re-nude'. a. Not made anew ; 
not renewed. South. 

UNREPA'ID, fin-re-padl'. a. Not recompensed ; not 
compensated. Dryden. 

UNREPEALED, ftn-re-pel'd'. a. Not revoked ; not 
abrogated. Dryden. 

UNREPE'NTANCE*, fin-re-pent'-anse. n. s. State 
of being unrepentant. Wharton. 

UNREPE'NTED, fin-re-pent'-etl. a. Not expiated 
by penitential sorrow. Hooker. 

UNREPE'NTING, fin-re-pent'-?ng. ) a. Notrepent- 

UNREPE'NTANT, fin-re-pgnt'-ant. \ ing ; not 
penitent ; not sorrowful for sin. Milton. 

UNREPFN1NG, fin-re-pl'-nmg. a. Not peevishly 
complaining. Rome. 

UNREPI'NINGLY*, fin-re-pl'-ning-le. ad. Without 
peevish complaint. Wotton. 

UNREPLE'NISHED, fin-re-plen'-fsht. a. Not filled. 
Boi/le. 

UNREPRIE'VABLE, fin-re-preev'-a-bl. a. Not to 
be respited from penal death. Shakspeare. 

UN REPRIEVED*, fin-re-preev'd'. a. Not respited 
from penal death. Milton. 

UNREPRO'ACHED, fin-re-pr6tsht'. a. Not up- 
braided ; not censured. K. Charles. 

UNREPRO'VABLE, fin-:-e-pr66v'-a-bl. a. Not lia- 
ble to blame. Col. i. 

UNREPRO'VED, fin-re-prfiov'd'. a. Not censored. 
Sandys. Not liable to censure. Spenser. 

UNREPUGNANT, fin-re-p&g'-nant. a. Not oppo- 
site. Hooker. 

UNRE'PUTABLE, fin-rep'-u-ta-bl. a. Not credita- 
ble. Rogers. 

UNREQUITED, fin-re-kwest'-ed. a. Not asked. 
Knolles. 

UNREQUI TABLE, fin-re-kwl'-ta-bl. a. Not to be 
retaliated. Brown. 

UNREQUITED f, fin-re-kwl'-ted. a. Not compen- 
sated for. 

UNRESENTED, fin-re-zent'-ed. a. Not regarded 

with anger. Rogers. 
UNRESERVE* fin-re-zerve'. n. s. Absence of re- 
serve; frankness; openness. Warton. 
UNRESERVED, fin-re-zerv'd'. a. Not limited by 
any private convenience. Rogers. Open ; frank ; 
concealing nothing. 
UNRESERVEDLY, fin-re-zer'-ved-le. 364. ad. 
Without limitations. Boyle. Without conceal- 
ment ; openly. Pope. 
UNRESERVEDNESS, fin-re-zer'-ved-nes. 364. 
n. s. Unlimitedness ; largeness. Boyle. Openness ; 
frankness. Dr. Warton. 
UNRESISTED, fin-re-zV-tgd. a. Not opposed. 
Bentley. Resistless ; such as cannot be opposed. 
Dryden. 
UNRESl'STIBLE*, fln-re-zist'-e-bl. a. Not to be 

resisted. Mede. 
UNRESISTING, fin-re-z?s'-t?ng. a. Not opposing ; 
not making resistance. Dryden. 



UNRESO'LVABLE, un-re-z&l'-va-bl. a. Not to be 
solved; insoluble. Souih. 

UNRESOLVED, un-re-zolv'd'. a. Not determined; 
having made no resolution. Sliak. Not solved; 
not cleared. Locke. 

UNRESO'LVING, fin-re-z6l'-v?ng. a. Not resolv- 
ing ; not determined. Dryden. 

UNRESPECTABLE*,fin-re-spek'-ta-bl.a. Not en- 
titled to respect. Malone. 

UN RESPECTED*, &n-re-spekt'-ed. a. Not regard- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

UNRESPECTIVE, fin-re-spek'-tlv. a. Inattentive ; 
taking little notice. Shakspeare. Mean ; despicable. 
SJiakspeare. 

UNRE'SPITED*, fin-res'-pit-Sd. a. Admj^ng no 
respite, pause, or intermission. Milton. ^B^ 

UNREST, ftn-rest'. n. s. [onraste, Teut.] ^Bpiet; 
want of tranquillity; unquietness. Spenser. 

UNRESTORED, fin-re-stord'. a. Not restored. 
Addison. Not cleared from an attainder. Collier. 
Not cured. Young. 

UNRESTRAINED, fin-re-strand', a. Not confined; 
not hindered. Dryden. Licentious; loose. Shak. 
ot limited. Brown. 

A'CTED, un-re-trauV-tecl. a. Not revoked ; 
lied. Gov. of the Tongue. 

UNREVE'ALED, fin-re-veld', a. Not told; not dis- 
covered. Spenser. 

UNREVE'NGED, fin-re-venj'd'. a. Not revenged. 
Fairfax. 

UNREVEREND, fin-rev'-er-end. )a. Irreverent; 

UNRE'VERENT*, fin-rev'-er-ent. $ disrespectful. 
Sluxkspeare. 

UNREVERENTLY, fin-rev'-er-ent-le. ad. Disre- 
spectfully. B. Jonson. 

UNREVERSED, fin-re-verst'. a. Not revoked ; not 
repealed. Shakspeare. 

UNREVOKED, fin-re-v6kt'. 359. a. Not recalled. 
Milton. 

UNREWARDED, fin-re-ward'-ed. a. Not reward- 
ed ; not recompensed. Pope. 

To UNRI'DDLE, fin-rfd'-dl. v. a. To solve an enig- 
ma ; to explain a problem. Suckling. 

UNRI'DDLER*, fin-rfd'-dl&r. n. s. One who solves 
an enigma. Lovelace. 

UNRIDI'CULOUS, fin-re-dfk'-u-lfis. a. Not ridicu- 
lous. Brown. 

To UNRPG, fin-r?g'. v. a. To strip of the tackle. 
Dryden. 

UNRI'GHT, fin-rite', a. [unjiiht, Sax.] Wrong. 
Wisdom, xii. 

UNRPGHTEOUS, fin-rl'-tshe-fis. a. [unjiihfcpi r , 
Sax.] Unjust; wicked; sinful; bad. Spenser. 

UNRIGHTEOUSLY, fin-rl'-tshe-fis-le. ad. Unjust- 
ly ; wickedly ; sinfully. Dryden. 

UNRIGHTEOUSNESS, fin-rl'-tshe-fis-nes. n. s. 
[unnihtpipierye, Sax.] Wickedness; injustice. 
Bp. Hall. 

UNRIGHTFUL, fin-rlte'-ffil. a. Not rightful; not 
just. Shakspeare. 

1 s o UNRl'NG, un-rlng'. v. a. To deprive of a ring 
Hudibras. 

UNRI'OTED*. fin-rl'-fit-ed. a. Free from rioting ; 
not disgraced by riot. May. 

To UNRPP, fin-rip', v. a. [This word is improper; 
there being no difference between rip and unrip ; 
yet it is well authorized.] To cut open. Bacon. 

UNRI'PE, fin-ripe', a. [unpipe, Sax.] Immature ; 
not fully concocted. Shak. Not seasonable ; not 
yet proper. Dryden. Too early. Sidney. 

UNRPPENED, fin-rlp'-n'd. 359. a. Not matured. 
Addison. 

UNRIPENESS, fin-rlpe'-nes. n. s. Immaturity; 
want of ripeness. Bacon. 

UNRPVALLED, fin-rl'-val'd. a. Having no com- 
petitor. Pope. Having no peer or equal. 

ToUNRI'VET*, fir.-rlv'-it. v. a. To unfasten the 
rivets of; to loosen. Hale. 

ToUNRO'BE*, fin-robe', v. a. To undress; to dis- 
robe. Young. 
To UNRO'L, fin-r6le'. 406. v. a. To open what is 
rolled or convolved. Dryden. 
980 



UNS 



UNS 



-116, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6il;— pdund ; — thin, THis. 



1 



UNROMA'NTICK, un-r6-nuin'-tik. a. Contrary to 1 

romance. Swift. 
To UNROOF. fin-rooP. v.a. To strip off the roof or 

covering of houses. Sliakspeare. 
JNROOSTED, un-rddst'-ed. a. Driven from the 

roost. Shakspeare. 
Jo UNROOT, in-root'. v.a. To tear from the 

roots; to extirpate ; to eradicate. Shakspeare. 
To UNROOT*, an-rodl'. v.n. To be unrooted. 

Beaumont and Fletcher. 
UN ROUGH, fin-ruf. a. [unpuh, Sax.] Smooth ; 

unbearded. Shalcspeare. 
UNROUNDED, fln-rdftiid'-Sd. a. Not shaped ; not 

cut to a round. Donne. 
UN RCklJ TED*, fin-rdfit'-Sd. a. Not tlirown into dis- 

otj^^Beaumont and Fletcher. 
UNni^AL, fin-rde'-al. a. Unprincely; not royal. 

Sidney. 
To UNRU'FFLE,un-ruf-fl. v.n. To cease from com- 
motion, or agitation. Dryden. 
UNRUFFLED, un-raf -flU 339. a. Calm ; tranquil ; 

not tumultuous. Addison. 
UNRULED, ftn-rooTd'. a. Not directed by any su- 

periour power. Spenser. 
UNRU LINESS, &n-r66l'-le-nes. n.s. 

tumultuousness ; licentiousness. Knolles. 
UNRULY. Cin-roo'-le. a. Turbulent ; ungovernable ; 

licentious; tumultuous. Spenser. 
Te UNRU'MPLE*, fin-rum'-pl. v. a. To free from 

rumples ; to open out. Addison. 
To UNSA'DDEN*, fiu-sad'-dn. v. a. To relieve 

from sadness. Whit lock. 
To UNSADDLE*, fin-sad'-dl. v. a. To take off the 

saddle from a horse. Th/mberg's Travels. 
UNSA'DDLED*, fin-sad'-dld. a. [un£epabelab ? 

Sax.] Not having the saddle on. 
UNSA'FE, fin-safe', a. Not secure ; hazardous ; dan- 
gerous. Hooker. 
UNSA'FELY, fin-safe'-le. ad. Not securely ; danger- 

ouslv. Dryden. 
UNS A'ID,fih-sed'. 203. a. [unyaed, Sax.] Not uttered ; 

not mentioned. Dryden. 
UNSA'ILABLE*. fin-sa'-la-bl. a. Not navigable. 

Man. 
To UNS. VINT*, un-saut'. v. a. To deprive of saint- 
ship. South. 
UNSALEABLE*, fin-sa'-la-bl. a. Not vendible; 

unmerchantable. Johnson. 
UNSA'LTED, fin-salt' -£d. a. Not pickled or season- 
ed with salt. Arbuthnot. 
UNS A LUTED, fin-sa-lu'-ted. a. [insalutatus, Lat.] 

Not saluted. Shakspeare. 
UNS A NOTIFIED, fin-sank'-te-flde. a. Unholy; 

not consecrated ; not pious. Shakspeare. 
UNSATED*, fin-sa'-teU a. Not satisfied; insatiate. 

Shenst07ie. 
UNSA / TIABLE,dn-sa / -she-a-bl.a.t»*sariaM»s J Lat.3 
Not to be satisfied ; greedy without bounds. Hooker. 
UNSAT1ATE*, fin-sa'-she-ate. a. Not satisfied. 

More. 
UNSATISFA'CTORINESS, fin-sat-tis-lak'-tfir-e- 

n£s. n. s. Failure of giving satisfaction. Boyle. 
UNSATISFACTORY, fin-sat-tls-fak'-tfir-e. a. Not 
giving satisfaction. Not clearing the difficulty. 
Brown. 
UNSATISFIED, fin-sat'-tfs-flde. a. Not contented ; 
not pleased. Bacon. Not settled in opinion. 
Boyie. Not filled ; not gratified to the full. Shak- 
speare. 
UNS ATISFIEDNESS, fin-sat'-tls-tide-ngs. n.s. The 

state of being not satisfied. King Charles. 
UNSATISFYING, un-sat'-tls-fl-fng. a. Unable to 

gratify to the full. Addison. 
UNSA'TISFYINGNESS*, fin-sat'-tls-fl-?ng-n6s. n.s. 

Incapability of gratifying to the full. Bp. Taylor. 
UNSA'VOURILY*, fin-sa'-vfir-e-le. ad. So as to 

displease or disgust. Milton. 
UNSA'VOURINESS, fin-sa'-vfir-e-nes. n.s. Bad 

taste. Bad smell. Brown. 
UNSA'VOURY, fin-sa'-vfir-e. a. Tasteless. Job, vi. 
Having a bad taste. Milton. Having an ill smell ; 
fetid. Brown. Unpleasing ; disgusting. Hooker. 



I To UNSA'Y, fin-sa'. v. a. To retract ; to recant j to 

deny what has been said. Shakspeare. 
UNSCA'LY, un-ski'-le. a. Having no scales. Gay. 
UNSCA'NNED, fin-skand'. a. Not measured ; not 
J computed. Shakspeare. 

j UNSCA'RED*, fin-skar'd'. a. Not frightened away. 
i Cowper. 
UNSCA'RRED, fin-skar'd'. a. Not marked with 

wounds. Shaksjieare. 
UNSCATTERED*,fin-skat'-tfird.a.Not dispersed; 

not thrown into confusion. Sir T. Elyot. 
UNSCHOLA'STICK, un-sko-lasMfk. a. Not bred 

to literature. Locke. 
j UNSCHO'OLED, dn-skool'd'. a. Uneducated; not 

learned. Hooker. 
UNSCO'RCHED, fin-skorlsht'. 359. a. Not touched 

by fire. Shakspeare. 
UNSCO'URED, un-skoSrd'. a. Not cleaned by rub- 
! bing. Sliakspeare. 
UNSCRATCHED. fin-skratsht'. a. Not torn. Shak- 



speare. 
UNSCRE'ENED, Cin-skreen'cV 
I protected. Boyle. 
To UNSCRE'W* 



Not covered ; not 
a. To loosen ; to 
Not de- 



fin -skrfifi'. 
I unfasten by screwing 1 ba#. Burnet. 
| UNSCRITTURAL,"fin-skrIpMshu-ral. 
! fensible by Scripture. Alterbury. 
I To UNSE'AL, fin-sele'. v.a. [unyaelan, Sax.] To 
; open any thing sealed. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
; UNSEALED, fin-sel'd'. 359. a. Wanting a seal. 

Shak. Having the seal broken. 
I To UNSEAM, an-seme'. v. a. To rip ; to cut open. 
i Shakspeare. 

I UNSE'ARCHABLE, fin-sertsh'-a-bl. a. Inscrutable} 
i not to be explored. Mi/ion. 
I UNSEARCHABLENESS, un-sertsh'-a-bl-ngs. n. s. 

Impossibility to be explored. Bramhall. 
j UNSE'ARCHED*, fin-sertsht'. a. Not explored; 
i not examined. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
I UNSEASONABLE, fin-se'-z'n-a-bl. a. Not suitable 
to time or occasion ; unfit ; untimely ; ill-timed. 
Hooker. Not agreeable to the time of the year. 
Shak. Late : as, unseasonable time of night. 
UNSE' ASONABLENESS, fin-se'-z'n-a-bl-nes. n. s, 

Disagreement with time or place. Hale. 
UNSEASONABLY, fin-se'-z'n-a-ble. ad. Not sea- 
sonably ; not agreeably to time or occasion. Hooker. 
UNSEASONED, fin-se'-z'n'd. 859. a. Unseasona- 
ble ; untimely ; ill-timed. Shak. Unformed ; not 
qualified by use. Shak. Irregular; inordinate. 
Hayward. Not kept till fit for use. Not salted : 
as, unseasoned meat. 
To UNSEAT*, un-seet'. v.a. To throw from the 

seat. Cowper. 
UNSE'CONDED, fin-sek'-fin-ded. a. Not supported. 

Slmk. Not exemplified a second time. Brown. 
To UNSE'CRET, fin-se'-krft. 99. v.a. To disclose j 

to divulge. Bacon. 
UNSE'CRET, fin-se'-krfr. 99. a. Not close 5 not 

trusty. Shakspeare. 
UNSECU'RE, un-se-kure'. a. Not safe. Denham. 
UNSEDU'CED, fin-se-dust'. a. Not drawn to ill. 

Shakspeare. 
UNSEE'ING, fin-see'-mg. 410. a. Wanting the power 

of vision. Shakspeare. 
To UNSEE'M, fin-seem', v. n. Not to seem. Sliak- 
speare. Ob. J. 
UNSEE'MLINESS, fin-seem'-le-nes. n.s. Inaecen- 
I cy; indecorum; uncomeliness. Hooker. 
i UNSEE'MLY, fin-seem'-le. a. Indecent; uncomely; 
! unbecoming. Hooker. 

j UNSEE'MLY, un-seem'-le. ad. Indecently ; unbe- 
comingly. 1 Cor. xiii. 
! UNSEE'N, fin-seen', a. Not seen ; not discovered. 
Shak. Invisible; undiscoverable. Hooker. Un- 
skilled; unexperienced. Clarendon. 
UNSE' 1 ZED*, fin-seez'd'. a. Not seized not taken 

possession of. Dryden. 
UNSE'LDOM* fin-sel'-dfim. a. [unj-elban, Sax.{ 

Not seldom. 
UNSE'LFISH, fin-self-lsh. a. Not addicted to pri- 
vate interest. Spectator. 
981 



UNS 



UNS 



[p= 559.— -Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, m^t;— pine, pm;- 



UNSE'NSED^tin-sensF. a. Wanting- distinct mean- 
ing-; without a certain signification. Puller. 
UNSENSIBLE* un-sen'-se-bl. a. Not sensible: 

now written insensible. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
UNSE'NT, fin-sent', a. Not sent.— Unsent for. *Not 

called by letter or messenger. Bp. Taylor. 
UNSE'PARABLE, un-sep'-ar-a-bl. a. Not to be 

parted 5 not to be divided. Shakspeare. 
UNSE'PARATED, fin-sep'-ar-a-tgd. a. Not parted. 

Pope. 
UNSE'PULCHRED*, fin-sep'-ul-kfird. a. Having 

no grave ; unburied. Chapman. 
UNSERVICEABLE, fin-seV-'vfs-a-bl. a. Useless 5 

bringing no advantage or convenience. Spenser. 
UNSE'RVICEABLENESS* un-seV-v?s-a-bl-nes. 

n. s. Unfitness for any thing ; uselessness. Sander- 
son. 
UNSE'RVICEABLY, fin-seV-vIs-a-ble. ad. Without 

use ; without advantage. Woodward. 
UNSE'T, un-set'. a. Not set ; not placed. Hooker. 
To UNSETTLE, fin-sel'-tl. v. a. To make uncertain. 

Arbuthnoi. To move from a place. & Estrange. 

To overthrow. Fleetwood. 
To UNSE'TTLE*, &n-set'-tl. v. n. To become un- 
settled. ShaJcspjeare. <9 
UNSETTLED, fin-s6t'-tl ? d. 359. a. Not fixed in 

resolution ; not determined ; not steady. Smith. 

Unequable 5 not regular ; changeable. Bentley. 

Not established. Dryden. Not fixed in a place or 

abode. Hooker. 
UNSE'TTLEDNESS, fin-set'-tl'd-nes. n. s. Irreso- 
lution ; undetermined state of mind. Hales. Un- 
certainty ; fluctuation. Dryden. Want of fixity. 

Sokh. 
UNSE'TTLEMENT*, fin-seV-ll-ment. n. s. Unset- 

tledness ; irresolution. Barrow. 
UNSE'VERED, fin-sev'-fir'd. a. Not parted 5 not 

divided. Shakspeare. 
To UNSE'X, fin-seks'. v. a. To make otherwise 

than the sex commonly is. Shakspeare. 
To UNSHA'CKLE, fin-shak'-kl. v.a. To loose from 

bonds. AddisoTi. 
UNSHA'DED*, fin-sha'-ded. a. Not overspread with 

darkness. Davenant. 
UNSHA'DQWED, fin-shad'-6de. a. Not clouded ; 

not darkened. Glanville. 
UNSHA'KEABLE, fin-sha'-ka-bl. a. Not subject to 

concussion. Sfuxfc, Not to be moved in resolution. 

Barroiv. 
UNSHA'KED, un-shakt'. a. Not shaken. Shak- 
speare. Not in use. 
UNSHA'KEN, fin-sha'-k'n. 103. a. Not agitated ; 

not moved. Shak. Not subject to concussion. 

Not weakened in resolution 5 not moved. Milton. 
UNSHA'MED, fin-sham'd'. a. Not shamed. Dryden. 
UNSHA'MEFACED*,fin-shame'-faste. a. Wanting 

modesty ; not bashful ; impudent. Bale. 
UNSHA'MEFACEDNESS*,fin-shame'-fa-secl-nes. 

n. s. Want of modesty ; impudence. Chalmers. 
To UNSHA'PE*, fin-shape', v. a. To confound ; to 

ruffle ; to throw into confusion. Shakspeare. 
UNSHA'PEN, un-sha'-p'n. 103. a. [unrceapen, 

Sax.] Misshapen ; deformed. Burnet. 
UNSHA'RED, &n-shar'd'. a. Not partaken ; not had 

in common. Milton. 
To UNSHE'ATH, un-sheni'. 437. v. a. To draw 

from the scabbard. Shakspeare. 
UNSHE'D, fin-shgd'. a. Not spilt. Milton. 
UNSHE'LTERED, fin-shel'-tiVd. a. Wanting a 

screen ; wanting protection. Decay of Chr. Piety. 
UNSHIE'LDED, un-sheel'-ded. a. Not guarded by 

the shield. Dryden. . 
To UNSHI'P, un-shlp'. v. a. To take out of a ship. 

Swift. 
UNSHOCKED, un-sh6kt'. 359. a. Not disgusted 5 

not offended. Ticket!. 
UNS HOT), fin-shod', a. [unrceobb, Sax.] Having 

no shoes. Spenser. 
UNSHO'OK, fin-sb66k'. part. a. Not shaken. Pope. 
UNSHO'RN, un-sh6rn'. [See Shorn.] a. [un- 

rconen, Sax.] Nat clipped. Milton. 
UxNSHO'T, fin-shSt'. part. a. Not hit by shot. Waller. 



To UNSHOU'T, fin-sh6fit'. v. a. To annihilate, or 

retract a shout. Shakspeare. 
UNSHOWERED, un-sh6ur ? d'. c. Not watered by 

showers. Milton. 
UNSHRFNKING,fin-shrfngk'-ing. a. Not recoiling; 

not shunning danger or pain. Shakspeare. 
UNSHU'NNABLE, fin-shfin'-na-bl. a. Inevitable. 

Sliakspeare. 
UNSI'FTED, fin-sM'-eU a. Not parted by a sieve. 

May. Not tried ; not known by experience. Shak. 
UNSFGHT, fin-site', a. Not seeing. Hudibras. 
UNSI'GHTED, fin-sl'-ted. a. Invisible ; not seen. 

Suckling. 
UNSI'GHTLINESS, fin-slte'-le-nes. n. s. Deformi- 
ty 3 disagreeableness to the eye. Wisemw^ 
UNSFGHTLY, fin-slte'-le. a/ Disagree^* the 

sight. Shakspeare. 
UNSIGNFFICANT*, fin-sig-n?f -e-kant. a. Wanting 

meaning or importance : now insignifcant. Ham 

mond. 
UNSINCE'RE, fin-sin-sere', a. [insincerus, Lat.] 

Not hearty; not faithful. Shenslone. Not genuine; 

impure ; adulterated. Boyle. Not sound ; not 
^■fijid. Dryden. 

fSP^'EiUTY, fin-s?n-seV-e-te. n.s. Adultera- 
tion; cheat; dishonesty of profession. Boyle. 
To UNSPNEW, fin-sm'-u. v. a. To deprive of 

strength. Denham. 
UNSPNEWED, fin-sin'-ude. a. Nerveless ; weak 

Shakspea7-e. 
UNSFNGED, fin-s?nj'd'. 359. a. Not scorched; not 

touched by fire. Brown. 
UNSFNGLED*, fin-smg'-gl'd. a. Not separated; 

keeping in companies ; not single. Dryden, 
UNSl'NKING, 6n-smgk'-mg. 410. a. Not sinking. 

Addison. 
UNSFNNING, fin-sin'-n?ng. 410.- a. [unrynniS, 

Sax.] Impeccable ; without sin. Hammond. 
UNSKFLFUL, un-skll'-ffil. a. Wanting art; want- 
ing knowledge. Locke. 
UNSKFLFULLY, fin-skll'-ful-le. ad. Without 

knowledge ; without art. Shakspeare. 
UNSKFLFULNESS, fin-skJl'-ffil-nes. n.s. Want of 

art ; want of knowledge. Sidney. 
UNSKPLLED, fin-skild'. a. Wanting skill ; want- 
ing knowledge. Dryden. 
UNSLATN, un-slane'. a. Not killed. Sidney. 
UNSLA'KED, fin-slakt'. 359. [See To Slake.] 

a. Not quenched. Dryden. 
UNSLEE'PING, un-sleep'-lng. a. Ever wakeful. 

Milton. 
UNSLEE'PY*, un-sleep'-e. a. [unrkepiS, Sax.] 

No* sleeping. 
UNSLFPPING, fin-sllp'-hig. 410. a. Not liable to 

slip ; fast. Shakspeare. 
UNSLOW*, fin-sl6'. a. [unrlaep, Sax.] Not slow. . 
UNSMFRCHED, un-smeYtsht'. a. Unpolluted ; not 

stained. Shakspeare. 
UNSMOKED, fin-sm6kl'. 359. a. Not smoked. 

Swift. 
UNSMO'OTH, fin-smftOTH'. a. Rough ; not even ; 

not level. Milton. Not used. 
UNSOCIABLE, tin-si'-she-a-bl. a. [insociabilis, 

Lat.] Not kind ; not communicative of good ; not 

suitable to society. Raleigh. 
UNSOCIABLY, fin-s6'-she-a-ble. ad. Not kindly; 

without good nature. L' Estrange. 
UNSOCIAL*, un-s6 / -shal. a. Not beneficial to soci- 
ety ; hurtful to society. Shenstone. 
UNSOFT*, un-sSff. a. [uirropfce, Sax.] Not soft ; 

hard. Chaucer. 
UNSOFT*, un-soft'. ad. Not with softness. Spenser. 
UNSO'ILED,un-s611d / . a. Not polluted ; not tainted; 

not stained. Ray. 
UNSOLD, fin-sdld'. a Not pxchanged for money. 

Dryden. 
UNSOLDIERED*, fin-sdl'-jeVd. a. Wanting the 
accomplishments of a soldier. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 
UNSOLDIERLIKE, fln-sol'-jer-llke. ) a. Unbe- 
UNSOLDIERLY*, un-s6l'-jer-le. $ coming a 
soldier. Broome. 

932 



UNS 



UNS 



— no, move, ndr, n6t; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pfifind ; — </iin, thi"s. 



UNSOLICITED*, fin-so-lk-it-ed. a. Not required ; 

not solicited. £rf. Halifax. 
lJNSO / LID ; dn-s&lMd.a. Fluid ; not coherent. Locke. 

Having no foundation. Thomson. 
UNSOLVED, fin-solvd'. a. Not explicated. TTotts. 
UNSOLVIBLE* fin-s&l'-ve-bl. a. Not explicable. 

Afore. 
UN SOO'TE,an-s6ot'. a. Not sweet. See Soote, 

and Swk.kt. Spenser. 
UNSOPHI'STTCATE*, fin-s6-f?s'-te-kate. ) 
UNSOPHISTICATED, fin-sA-fts'-te-ka-ted. \ a " 

Not adulterated ; not counterfeit. More. 
UNSO RROWED*, fin-sor'-rode. a. Not bewailed; 

un lamented. Hooker. 
UNSO'RTED, fin-sort'-ed. a. Not distributed by 

proper separation. Watls. Not suitable. Sha/c. 
UNSOfl&GHT, fin-sawt'. u. Had witliout seeking. 

Spenser. Not searched 3 not explored. Shak. 
To UNSO UL*, fin-sole', v. a. To divest of mind; to 

deprive of understanding - . Shelton. 
UNSOULED*, fin-sold', a. Without soul; without 

intellectual or vital principle. Spenser. 
UNSO'UND, fin-sound', a. Sickly 3 wanting health. 
Denham. Not free from cracks." Rotten j corrupt- 
ed. Not orthodox. Hooker. Not honest ; not up- 
right. Shak. Not true; not certain; not solid. 
Spenser. Not fast ; not calm. Daniel. Not close ; 
not compact. Mortimer. Not sincere ; not faithful. 
Gaij. Not solid ; not material. Spe?iser. Errone- 
ous ; wrong. Fair/ax. Not fast under foot. 
UNSOUNDED, fin-sound'-ed. a. Not tried by the 

plummet. Shakspeare. 
UNSOUNDNESS, fin-s6und'-nes. n. s. Erroneous- 
ness of belief; want of orthodox}'. Hooker. Cor- 
ruptness of any kind. Hooker. Want of strength ; 
want of solidity. Addison. 
UNSO'URED, fin-s6fird'. 359. a. Not made sour. 

Bacon. Not made morose. Dryden. 
UNSO'WN, fin-sfine'. a. Not propagated by scatter- 
ing seed. Bacon. 
UNSPA'RED, on-spard'. 359. a. Not spared. Mil- 
ton. 
UNSPA'RING, fin-spa'-rlng. 410. a. Not parsimoni- 
ous. Milton. Not merciful. MiUon. 
To UNSPE'AR, fin-speke'. v. a. To retract ; to re- 
cant. Shakspeare. 
UNSPE' ARABLE, fin-spe'-ka-bl. a. Not to be ex- 
pressed ; ineffable ; unutterable. Hooker. 
UNSPE'ARABLY. fin-spe'-ka-ble. ad. Inexpressi- 

b!v; ineffably. Spectator. 
JNSPE'CIFIED, fin-speV-se-flde. a. Not particu- 
larly mentioned. Brown. 
UNSPE'CULATIVE,fin-spek'-u-la-tlv. a. Not theo- 
retical. Government of the Tongue. 
UNSPE'D, fin-sped', a. Not despatched ; not per- 
formed. Garth. 
UNSPE'NT, fin-spent 7 , a. Not wasted ; not diminish- 
ed ; not weakened ; not exhausted. 
To UNSPHE'RE, fin-sfere'. v. a. To remove from its 

orb. Shakspeare. 
UNSPJ'ED, fin-spide'. a. Not searched ; not explor- 
ed. Milton. Not seen ; not discovered. Tickell. 
UNSPI'LT, fin-sp?lt'. 369. a. Not shed. Denliam. 

Not spoiled; not marred. Tusser. 
To UNSPI'RIT, &n-spn-'-u. v. a. To dispirit; to de- 
press ; to deject. Temple. 
JNSPMUTUAL* fin-splr'-lt-tshu-al. a. Not spiritu- 
al ; carnal. Puller. 
To UNSPI'RITUALIZE*, fin-spir'-il-tshu-al-lze. 

r. a. To deprive of spirituality. South. 
UNSPOILED, fin-spoild'. a. Not plundered; not 
pillaged. Spenser. Not marred ; not hurt ; not 
made useless ; not corrupted. Pope. 
UNSPOTTED, fin-sp6l'-ted. a. Not marked with 
any stain. Dryden. Immaculate ; not tainted with 
guilt. Spenser. 
UNS POTTEDNESS*, fin-spot'-ted-nes. n. s. State 
of being unspotted or not tainted with guilt. Felt- 
ham. 
UNSQUA'RED, fin-skward'. 359. a. Not formed; 

irregular. Sliakspeare. 
UNSTABLE, fin-sla'-bl. a. [instabilis, Lat.] Not 



fixed ; not fast. Temple. Inconstant ; irresolute. 
James, i. 
UNSTA'ID. fin-stade'. a. Not cool; not prudent j 
not settled into discretion ; not steady ; mutable 
Spenser. 
UNSTA'IDNESS, fin-stade'-nes. n. s. Indiscretion , 

volatile mind. Uncertain motion. Sidney. 
UNSTA'INED, fin-stand', a. Not stained ; not dyed; 
not discoloured; not dishonoured; not polluted. 
Hooker. 
To UNSTA'TE, fin-state', v. a. To put out of digni- 
ty Shakspeare. 
UNSTATUTABLE, fin-stat'-tshu-ta-bl. a. Contrary 

to statute. Swift. 
UNSTA'UNCHED, fin-stansht'. 215. a. Not stopped j 

not stayed. Shakspeare. 
UNSTE'ADFAST. an-suM'-fast. a. Not fixed ; not 

fast not resolute. Shakspeare.^ 
UNSTE'ADFASTNESS*, an-sted'-fast-nes. n. s. 
Want of steadfastness. K. James's Proclam. for 
Uniformity. 
UNSTEADILY, fin-sted'-de-le. ad. Without any 

certainty. Inconstantly; not consistently. Locke. 
UNSTEADINESS, fin-sted'-de-nes. n. s. Want of 

constancy ; irresolution ; mutability. Addison. 
UNSTE'ADY, &n-su!d'-de. a. Inconstant; irresolute. 
Denham. Mutable ; variable ; changeable. Locke. 
Not fixed ; not settled. 
UNSTE'EPED, fin-steept'. 359. a. Not soaked. Ba- 
con. 
UNSTl'LL*, fin-stil'. a. [ur.ftille, Sax.] Unquiet. 
To UNSTI'NG, fin-stlng'. v. a. To disarm of a sting. 

South. 
UNSTI'NTED,fin-stmt'-ed. a. Not limited. Skelton. 
UNSTI'RRED, fin-stfird'. a. Not stirred ; not agitat- 
ed. Boyle. 
To UNSTI'TCH, fin-stitsh'. v. a. To open by pick- 
ing the stitches. Collier. 
UNSTO'OPING, fin-slfio'-pmg. a. Not bending; not 

yielding. Shakspeare. 
ToUNSTO'P, fin-st6p'.u.a. To free from stop or 

obstruction ; to open. Boyle. 
UNSTO'PPED, fin-stopt'. a. Meeting no resistance. 

Dryden. 
UNSTO'RMED*, fin-st6rmd'. a. Not taken by as- 
sault. Addison. 
UNSTRA'INED, fin-strand', a. Easy; not forced. 

Hakewill. 
UNSTRA'ITENED, fin-stri'-tnd. 359. a. Not con- 
tracted. Glanmlle. 
UNSTRE'NGTHENED, fin-streng'-tfmd. 359. a. 

Not supported; not assisted. Hooker. 
To UNSTRUNG, fin-string', v. a. To relax any thing 
strung ; to deprive of strings. Sliak. To loose ; to 
untie. Dryden. 
UNSTRU'CR, fin-strfik'. a. Not moved 3 not affect- 
ed. Phillips. 
UNSTU'DIED, fin-stfid'-rd. 282. a. Not premeditat- 
ed ; not laboured. Dryden. 
UNSTU'FFED, fin-stfift'. 359. a. Unfilled; not 

crowded. Shakspeare. 
UNSU'BJECT*, fin-sfib'-jekt. a. Not subject; not 

liable; not obnoxious. Hooker. 
UNSUBMI'TTING* fin-sfib-mlt'-fmg. a. Not obse- 
quious ; not readily yielding; disdaining submis- 
sion. Thomson. 
UNSUBSTA'NTIAL, fin-sfib-stan'-shal. a. Not sol- 
id ; not palpable. Shakspeare. Not real. Addison. 
UNSUCCEE'DED, fin-sfik-see'-ded. a. Not sue- 

ceeded. Milton. 
UNSUCCESSFUL, fin-sfik-seV-fu.1. a. Not having 

the wished event ; not fortunate. Cleareland. 
UNSUCCESSFULLY, fin-sfik-ses'-ffij-e. ad. Un- 
fortunately ; without success. 
UNSUCCE'SSFULNESS, fin-sfik-ses'-ffil-nes. n. s. 
Want of success ; event contrary to wish. Ham- 
mond. 
UNSUCCE'SSIVE, fin-s&k-ses'-siv. a. Not proceed- 
ing by flux of parts. Brown. 
UNSU'CRED, fin-sfikt'. 359. a. Not having the 

breasts drawn. Milton. 
UNSU'FFERABLE, fin-saf-fftr-a-bl. a. Not sup- 
983 



UNS 



UNT 



s 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, p?nj 



portable ; intolerable ; not to be endured. Hook- 

UNSUFFl'CIENCE,fin-sfif-fish'-ense. n.s. [insuf- 
Jisance, Fr.] Inability to answer the end proposed. 
Hooker. 

UNSUFFrCIENT, fin-sfif-f Ish'-ent. a. [insuffisant, 
Fr.] Unable ; inadequate. Locke. 

UNSU'GARED, un-shug'-urd. 359. a. Not sweeten- 
ed with sugar. Bacon. 

UNSUITABLE, fin-su'-ta-bl. a. Not congruous ; 
not equal; not proportionate. Shakspeare 

UNSU1TABLENESS, fin-su'-ta-bl-nes. n.s. Incon- 
gruity; unfitness. South. 

UNSUITING, fin-su'-t?ng. 410. a. Not fitting ; not 
becoming. Shakspeare. 

UNSU'LLIED, un-sfil'-lld. 282 a. Not fouled; not 
disgraced ; pure. Shakspeare. 

UNSU'NG, fin-sung', a. Not celebrated in verse ; not 
recited in verse. Milton. 

UNSU'NNED, un-s&ud'. 359. a. Not exposed to the 
sun. Milton. 

UNSUPE'RFLUOUS. fin-su-per'-flu-fis. a. Not 
more than enough. Milton. 

UNSUPPLA'NTED, fin-sfip-plant'-eU a. Not forced 
or thrown from under that which supports it. Phil- 
lips. Not defeated by stratagem. 

UNSUPPLFABLE*, fin-sfip-pll' a-bl. a. Not to be 
supplied. Chillingioortli. 

UNSUPPLI'ED, un-s5p-pllde'. a. Not supplied; not 
accommodated with something necessary. Dryden. 

UNSUPPO'RTABLE, fin-sfip-p6rt'-a-bl. a. [insup- 
portable, Fr.] Intolerable ; such as cannot be en- 
dured. Boyle. 

UNSUPPO'RTABLENESS*, fin-sfip-p6rt'-a-bl- 
nes. n. s. Slate of being unsupportable. Wilkins. 

UNSUPPO'RTABLY, fin-sfip-port'-a-ble. ad. In- 
tolerablv. South. 

UNSUPPORTED, fin-s&p-p6rt'-ed. a. Not sustain- 
ed ; not held up. Milton. Not assisted. Brown. 

UNSUPPRE'SSED*, fin-sfip-prest'. a. Not sup- 
pressed ; not kept under ; not extinguished. Bp. 
Barlow. 

UNSU'RE, fin-shure'. a. Not fixed; not certain. 
Shakspeare. 

UNSURMO'UNTABLE,fin-sfir-mount'-a-bl. a. [in- 
surmountable, Fr.] Insuperable ; not to be over- 
tome. Locke. 

UNSUSCEPTIBLE, fin-sfis-sep'-te-bl. a. Incapa- 
ble ; not liable to admit. Swift. 

UNSUSPE'CT, fin-sfis-pgkt'. ) a. Not eonsid- 

UNSUSPE'CTED, fin-sus-peV-ted. \ ered as like- 
ly to do or mean ill. Shakspeare. 

UNSUSPE'CTING,fin-sfis-pek'-tnig. a. Not imagin- 
ing that any ill is designed. Pope. 

UNSUSPI'CIOUS, 6n-sus-p?sh'-fis. a. Having no 
suspicion. Milton. 

UNSUSTAINABLE*, fin-sfis-ta'-na-bl. a. Not to 
be sustained. Barrow. 

UNSUSTATNED, fin-sfis-tand'. a. Not supported ; 
not held up. Milton. 

To UNSWA'THE, un-swaTHe'. v. a. To free from 
folds or convolutions of bandage. Addison. 

UNSWA' YABLE, fin-swa'-a-bl. a. Not to be govern- 
ed or influenced by another. Shakspeare. 

UNSWA'YED.fin swade'. a. Not wielded ; not held 
in the hand. Shakspeare. 

UNSWA' YEDNESS*, fin-swa'-^d-nes. n. s. Steadi- 
ness ; state of bemg ungoverned by another. Hales. 

7'oUiNSWE'AR, &n-sware'. v. n. Not to swear ; to 
recant anv thing sworn. Spenser. 

To UNS WE' A R*, fin-sware'. r. a. To recall what is 
sworn. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

ToUNSWE'AT, fin-swet'. v. a. To ease after fa- 
tigue ; to cool after exercise. Milton. 

UNSWE'ATING, fin-swet'-fng. a. Not sweating. 
Dryden. 

UNSWEE'T, fin-sweet', a. [un]-pefc, Sax.] Not 
sweet ; disagreeable. Spenser. 

UNSWE'PT, fin-swept', a. Not brushed away ; not 
cleaned by sweeping. Sliakspeare. 

UNSW0'RN.fin-sw6rn'. a. Not bound by an oath. 
Sliakspeare. 



To UNTA'CK*, un-tak'. v. a. To disjoin ; to separ- 
ate. Milton. 

UNTAINTED, fin-tant'-ed. a. Not sullied ; not pol- 
luted. Shak. Not charged with any crime. Shak. 
Not corrupted by mixture. Smith. 

UNTA'INTEDLY*, fin-tant'-ed-le. ad. Without 
spot; without imputation of crime. South. 

UNTA'INTEDNESS*. fin-tant'-Sd-nks. n.s. State 
or quality of being untainted. Bp. Hall. 

UNTA'KEN, un-ta'-kn. a. Not taken. 2 Cor. iii. 
— Untaken up. Not filled. Boyle. 

UNTA'LKED-fl/, 6n-tawkt'-&v. a. Not mentioned in 
the world. Sliakspeare. 

UNTA'MEABLE, fin-ta'-ma-bl. a. Not to be tamed 
not to be subdued. Wilkins. 

UNTA'MED, un-taind'. 359. a. [unfcemeb, Sax.] 
Not subdued ; not suppressed ; not softened by cul- 
ture or discipline. Spenser. 

To UNTA'NGLE, un-tang'-gl. 405. v. a. To loose 
from intricacy or convolution. Sliakspeare. 

UNTA'STED, un-tas'-teU a. Not tasted ; not tried 
by the palate. Waller. 

UNTA'STING, fin-tas'-Ung. 410. a. Not perceiving 
any taste. Smith. Not trying by the palate. 

UNTAUGHT, fin-tawt'. a. Uninstructed ; unedu- 
cated ; ignorant ; unlettered. Ecclus. xx. Debar 
red from instruction. Locke. Unskilled ; new ; not 
having use or practice. Shakspeare. 

UNTA'XED*, fin-takst'. a. Not charged with taxes. 
Warton. Exempt from reproach. Bacon. 

ToUNTEA'CH.on-tetsh'. ». a. To make to quit or 
forget what has been inculcated. Brown. 

UNTEA'CHABLE, fin-tetsh'-a-bl. a. That cannot 
be taught. Milton. 

UNTE'EMING*, un-teem'-lng.a. [untemenb, Sax.] 
Barren. 

UNTE'MPERED, fin-tem'-pfird. a. Not tempered. 
Ezek. xiii. 

UNTE'MPTED, un-temt'-6d. a. Not embarrassed 
by temptation. Bp. Taylor. Not invited by any 
thing alluring. Cotton. 

UNTENABLE, fin-teu'-a-bl. [See Tenable.] a. 
Not to be held in possession. Not capable of de- 
fence. Clarendon. 

UNTENANTED, un-ten'-ant-eU a. Having no ten- 
ant. Temple. 

UNTE'NDED, un-tend'-ed. a. Not having any at- 
tendance. 2 homson. 

UNTE'NDER,un-t£n'-d5r.98. a. Wanting softness ; 
wanting affection. Shakspeare. 

UNTE'NDERED,fin-ten'-durd.a. Not offered. Shak. 

To UNTE'NT, fin-tent', v. a. To bring out of a tent. 
Shakspeare. 

UNTE'NTED, fin-tent'-eU a. [from tent.] Having 
no medicaments applied. Shakspeare. 

UNTE'RRIFIED,fin-teV-re-flde. 359. a. Not af- 
frighted ; not struck with fear. Milton. 

UNTHA'NKED, fin-tfmnkt'. a. Not repaid with ac- 
knowledgement of kindness. Milton. Not received 
with thankfulness. Dryden. 

UNTHA'NKFUL, fiiW/tank'-ful. a. [unSanepull, 
Sax.] Ungrateful; returning no acknowledgement 
for good received. St. Luke, vi. 

UNTHA NKFULLY, 6n-</tank'-f&l-e. ad. Without 
thanks ; without gratitude. Boyle. 

UNTHA'NKFULNESS, iW/iank'-ful-nes. n. s. 
[unftancpullnepye, Sax.] Neglect or omission of 
acknowledgement for good received ; want of sense 
of benefits; ingratitude. Shakspeare. 

UNTHA'WED, fin-tfiawd'. a. Not dissolved after 
frost. Pope. 

To UNTHI'NK, fin-*/unk'. v.a. To recall or dismiss 
a thought. Sliakspeare. 

UNTHrNKING ; fin-</mik'-?ng. a. Thoughtless; not 
given to reflection. Locke. 

UNTHI'NKINGNESS*, ftn-</i?nk'-?ng-ne ! s. n. s. 
Constant want of thought. Ld. Halifax. 

UNTHO'RNY, fin-J/ifir'-ne. a. Not obstructed by 
prickles. Brown. 

UNTHO'UGHT,fin-tf>awt'. part. a. Not supposed to 
be. B. Jonson.— Unthought-of Not regarded 
not heeded. Shakspeare. 
984 



UNT 



UNU 



—116, move, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tfib, bull ;— fiil ;— pflfind ;— tin 



n, THis. 



To UNTHRE'AD, iW/irfd'. r. a. To loose. Milton. 
UNTHRE'ATENED, &n.<Arft'-tnd. 359. a. Not 

menaced. King C/uirles. 
IFNTHRIFT, fin-tfirnY. n.s. An extravagant; a 

prodigal. Shakspeare. 
V NTHRIFT, un-tfirlfi'. a. Profuse; wasteful j prod- 
igal ; extravagant. Shakspeare. 
UNTHRI'FTILY, fin-^rif-te-le. ad. Without fru- 
gality. Collier. 
UNTHRl'FnNESS, &n-*ArffM*-nSs. ?i.s. Waste; 

prodigality ; profusion. Hay ward. 
UNTHRIFTY, fin-f/irif-te. a. Prodigal ; profuse ; 
lavish ; wasteful. Sidney. Not in a state of im- 
provement. Shale. Not easily made to thrive or 
fatten : a low word. Mortimer. 
UNTHRPVING, un-tfirl'-vhig. a. Not thriving; not 
prospering; not growing rich. Gov. oftlie Tongue. 
To UNTHRONE, fiu-tfirone'. v. a. To pull down 

from a throne. Milton. 
UNTPDY*, fin-ti'-de. a. Not tidy 3 not seasonable 3 

not ready. Bale. 
To UNTPE, on-tK v. a. [unci^an, Sax.] To un- 
bind ; to free from bonds. Sha/c. To loosen 5 to 
make not fast; to unfasten. Waller. To loosen 
from convolution or knot. Pope. To set free from 
any obstruction. Bp. Taylor. To resolve ; to clear. 
Denham. 
UNTIED, fin-tide'. 282. a. Not bound ; not gathered 
in a knot. Prior. Not fastened by any binding or 
knot. Sliak. Not fast. Not held by any tie or band. 
UNTFL, &n-t?l'. ad. To the time that. Gen. xlix. 
To the place that. Dryden. To the degree that. 
2 Chron. xviii. 
UNTPL, un-t?!'. prep. To : used of time. Judges, 

xviii. To: used of objects : obsolete. Spenser. 
To UNTI'LE*, fin-tile 7 , v. a. To strip of tiles. Swift. 
UNTFLLED, fin-tflld'. 359. a. Not cultivated. Black- 
more. 
UNTFMBERED, fin-tlm'-bfird. a. Not furnished 

with timber ; weak. Shakspeare. 
UNTPMELY, fin-tlme'-le. a. Happening before the 
natural time. Dryden. Ill-timed, in any respect. 
Spenser. 
UNTPMELY, fin-tlme'-le. ad. Before the natural 

time. Spenser. 
UNTPNGED, fin-t?njd'. a. Not stained; not dis- 
coloured. Boyle. Not infected. Swift. 
UNTPRABLE, fin-tl'-ra-bl. a. Indefatigable ; un- 
wearied. Shakspeare. 
UNTl'RED,fin-tlrd'. 282. a. Not made weary. Shak. 
UNTFTLED, fin-tl'-tld. 359. a. Having no title. 

Shakspeare. 
U'NTO, fin'-tofi. prep. [It was the old word for to; 

now obsolete.] To. See To. Ps. xxxvi. 
UNTOLD, fin-told', a. Not related. Waller. Not 

revealed. Dryden. Not numbered. 
[ToUNTO'MB*, fin-t66m'. v. a. To disinter. Fuller. 
UNTOUCHABLE*, fin-lfitsh'4-bl. a. Not to be 

touched. Fe/tliam. 
UNTOUCHED, fin-tfitsht'. 359. a. Not touched ; not 
reached. Brown. Not moved; not affected. Sid- 
n?i). Not meddled with. Dryden. 
UNTOWARD, fin-tfi'-wfird. a. Froward; pcr^ 
verse; vexatious; not easily guided, or taught. 
Shak. Awkward; ungraceful. Creech. Inconve- 
nient ; troublesome ; unmanageable. Hudibras. 
UNTO WARDLY, fin-tfi'-wfird-le. a. Awkward; 

perverse ; froward. Locke. 
UNTO'WARDLY, fin-to'- wfird-le. ad. Awkwardly; 

ungainly ; perversely. Tillotson. 
UXTO'WARDNESS*, fin-to'-wfird-ne*s. n. s. Per- 

verseness. Bp. Wilson. 
UNTRACEABLE, fin-tra'-sa-bl. a. Not to be 

traced. South. 
UNTRA'CED, fin-trast'. a. Not marked by any foot- 
steps. Denham. 
UNTRA'CKED*, fin-trakt'. a. Not marked by any 

footsteps ; untraced. Bp. Hall. 
UNTRA'CTABLE, fin-trak'-ta-bl. a. [inimitable, 
Fr. ; hiiractabilis, Lat.] Not yielding to common 
measures and management ; not governable ; stub- 
born. Hayward. Rough ; difficult. Milton. 
124 



UNTRA'CTABLENESS, fin-trak'-ta-bl-ne's. n. s. 
Unwillingness, or unfitness to be regulated or man- 
aged ; stubbornness. Locke. 

UNTRA'DING, fln-tra'-dmg. 410. a. Not engaged 
in commerce. Locke. 

j UNTRA'INED, ftn-trand'. a. Not educated ; not in- 
|| strutted; not disciplined. Hayward. Irregular 

! ungovernable. Herbert. 

I UNTRANSFERABLE, fin-trans-nV-a-bl. a. Inca- 
pable of being given from one to another. Howell. 

UNTRANSLA TABLE*, fin-tran-sla'-ta-bl. a. Not 
capable of being translated. Gray. 

UNTRANSLATED*, fin-iran-sla'-ieU a. Not 
translated. Hales. 

UNTRANSPA'RENT, fin-trans-pa'-rent. a. Not 
diaphanous; opaque. Boyle. 

UNTRA'VELLED, fin-trav'-lld. a. Never trodden 
by passengers. Brown. Having never seen for- 
eign countries. Addison. 
To UNTRE'AD, fin-treM'. «. a. To tread back ; to 
go back in the same steps. Sliakspeare. 

UNTREA'SURED, fin-trezh'-fird. a. Not laid up; 
not reposited. Shakspeare. 

UNTRE'ATABLE, fin-tre'-ta-bl. a. Not treatable ; 
not practicable. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

UNTRPED, fin-trlde'. 282. a. Not yet attempted. 
Milton. Not yet experienced. Alterbury. Not hav- 
ing passed trial. Milton. 

UNTRFUMPHABLE, fin-tri'-fimf-a-bl. a. Which 
allows no triumph. Hudibras. 

UNTRFUMPHED* fin-trl'-fimft. a. Not triumphed 
over. May. 

UNT ROD; fin-trod'. )a. Not passed; 

UNTRODDEN, fin-trod'-dn. 103. $ not marked by 
the foot. Milton. 

UNTROLLED, fin-trold'. a. Not bowled ; not roll- 
ed along. Dryden. 

UNTROUBLED, fin-trfib'-bld. 405. a. Not disturb 
ed by care, sorrow, or guilt. Shale Not agitated : 
not confused ; free from passion. Milton. Not in- 
terrupted in the natural course. Spenser. Trans • 
parent ; clear ; not mudded. Bacon. 

UNTROUBLEDNESS*, fin-lrfib'-bld-ne\s. n. s 
State of being untroubled ; unconcern. Hammond. 

UNTRU'E, fin-trofi'. 339. a. False ; contrary to re- 
ality. Hooker. False ; not faithful. Suckling. 

UNTRU'LY, fin-tro6'-le. ad. Falsely ; not accord- 
ing to truth. Hooker. 

UNTRU'STINESS, fin-trfis'-te-nSs. n.s. Unfaith 
fulness. Hayward. 

UNTRU'TH, fin-tr6M'. n.s. Falsehood; contra- 
riety to reality. Moral falsehood; not veracity. 
Sandys. Treachery; want of fidelity. Shak. 
False assertion. Hooker. 

UNTU'NABLE, fin-tfi'-na-bl. a. Unharmonious ; 
not musical. Bacon. 

UNTU'NABLENESS* fin-tfi'-na-bl-ngs. n. s. Want 
of harmony. Dr. Wartun. 

ToUNTU'NE, fin-tune', v. a. To make incapable 
of harmony. Shak. To disorder. Shakspeare. 

UNTU'RNED, fin-tfirnd'. a. Not turned. Dryden. 

UNTU'TORED, fin-tfi'-tfird. 359. a. Uninstructed 3 
untaught. Shakspeare. 

To UNTWPNE, fin-twine', v. a. To open what is 
held together by convolution. Waller. To open 
what is wrapped on itself. Bacon. To separate 
that which clasps round any thing. Ascham. 

To UNTWI'ST, fin-twist'. 0. a. To separate any 
things involved in each other, or wrapped up on 
themselves. Spenser. 

7 T oUNTY / ,un-ti / .«.o. See To Untie. To loose. 
Shakspeare. 

UNU'NIFORM, fin-yu'-ne-f6rm. a. Wanting uni- 
formity. Decay of Chr. Piety. 

UNU'RGED, fin-firjd'. 359. a. Not incited; not 
pressed. Shakspeare. 

UNU'SED, fin-uzd'. 359. a. Not put to use; unem- 
ployed. Sidney. Not accustomed. Sidney. 
UNU'SEFUL, fin-use'-ful. a. Useless; serving no 

purpose. Glanville. 
UNU'SUAL, fln-u'-zhu-al. 456. a. Not common ; not 
frequent; rare. Hooker. 

985 



UNW 



UNW 



O* 559. — Fkte, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t ; — pine, pin ;- 



UNU'SUALLY, fin-u'-zhu-al-le. ad. Not in the 
usual manner. 

UNU'SUALNESS, fin-fi'-zhu-al-nes. n.s. Uncom- 
monness ; infrequency. Broome. 

UNUTTERABLE, fin-fit'-tfir-a-bl. a. Ineffable 5 
inexpressible. Milton. 

To UNVA'IL, fin-vale', v. a. To uncover ; to strip 
of a vail. Denham. 

UNVA'LUABLE, fin-val'-fi-a-bl. a. Inestimable} 
being above price. Atterbury. 

UNVALUED, fin-val'-ude. a. Not prized 5 neg- 
lected. Shak. Inestimable; above price. Sliak. 

UNVA'NQUISHABLE*, fin-vim'-kwish-a-bl. a. 
Not to be subdued. Bp. King. 

UNVA'NQUISHED, fin-van'-kwlsht. a. Not con- 
quered; not overcome. Shakspeare. 

UNVA'RIABLE, fin-va'-re-a-bl. a. [invariable, Ft.-] 
Not changeable ; not mutable. Norris. 

UNVARIED, fin-va'-rid. 282. a. Not changed; not 
diversified. Locke. 

UNVARNISHED, fin-var'-n?sht. a. Not overlaid 
with varnish. Not adorned ; not decorated. Shak. 

UNVARYING, fin-va'-re-fng. 410. a. Not liable to 
change. Locke. 

To UINVE'IL, fin-vale', v. a. To uncover; to divest 
of a veil. Milton. To disclose; to show. Sliak. 

UNVE'ILEDLY, fin-vaM&l-le. 104. ad. Plainly ; 
without disguise. Boyle. 

UNVE'NERABLE* fin-ven'-er-a-bl. a. Not wor- 
thy of respect. Shakspeare. 

UNVE'NTILATED, fin-ven'-te-la-ted. a. Not fan- 
ned by the wind. Blackmare. 

UNVE'RDANT*, fin-veV-dant. a. Having no ver- 
dure ; spoiled of its green. Congreve. 

UNVE'RITABLE, fin-veV-e-ta-bl. a. Not true. 
Brown. 

UNVE'RSED, fin-verst'. 359. a. Unacquainted ; un- 
skilled. Blackmore. 

UNVE'XED^m-v^kst'. 359. a. Untroubled; undis- 
turbed. Shakspeare. 

UNVIOLATED, fm-vl'-6-la-ted. a. Not injured; 
not broken. Shakspeare. 

UNVI'RTUOUS, fin-ver'-tshu-fis. a. Wanting vir- 
tue. Shakspeare. 

To UNVI'SARD*, fin-v?z'-ard. v. a. To unmask. 
Milton. 

UNVFSITED, fin-v?z'-?t-ed. a. Not resorted to. 
Milton. 

UNVI'TIATED*, fin-v?sh'-e-a-teU a. Not corrupt- 
ed. B. Jonson. 

To UNVOTE* fin-vote', v. a. To destroy by a con- 
trary vote ; to annul a former vote. Burnet. 

UNVO'WELLED*, fin-v6u'-eld. a. Without vow- 
els. Skinner. 

UNVO'YAGEABLE, fin-v6e'-a-ja-bl. a. Not to be 
passed over or voyaged. Milton. 

UNVU'LGAR*, fin-vul'-gar. a. Not common. B. 
Jonson. 

UNVU'LNERABLE. fin-vfil'-nfir-a-bl. a. Exempt 
from wound ; not vulnerable. Shakspeare. 

UNWAITED*, fin-wa'-ted. a. Not attended. Beau- 
mont and Fletcher. 

UNWAKENED, fin-wa'-k'n'd. 103, 359. a. Not 
roused from sleep. Milton. 

UNWA'LLED, fin-wawl'd'. a. Having no walls. 
Knolles. 

UNWA'RES, fin-warz'. ad. Unexpectedly ; before 
any caution, or expectation. Spenser. 

UNWA'RILY, fin-wa/-re-le. ad. Without caution ; 
carelessly ; heedlesslv. Shakspeare. 

UN WARINESS, &n-wa'-re-ngs. n. s. Want of cau- 
tion; carelessness. Spectator. 

UN WARLIKE, fin-war'-llke. a. Not fit for war; 

not used to war; not military. Waller. 
UNWA'RMED*, fin-warm'd\ a. Not excited; not 

animated. Addison. 
UNWARNED, fin-warn'd'. 359. a. (unpapnob, 

Sax.] Not cautioned ; not made wary. Locke. 
To UNWA'RP*, fin-warp', tv a. To reduce from 

the state of being warped. Evelyn. 
UNWARPED*, fin-warpt'. a. Not biassed ; not 
turned aside from the true direction. Thomson. 



UNWARRANTABLE, fin-w&r'-ran-ta-b). a. Not 
defensible; not to be justified; not allowed. Glan- 
ville. 

UNWA'RRANTABLENESS*, fin-w&r'-rant-a-bl- 
ne's. n. s. State of being unwarrantable. Abp. San- 
croft. 

UNWARRANTABLY, fin- w&r'-ran-ul-ble. ad. Not 
justifiably ; not defensibly. Wake. 

UNWARRANTED, fin-wor'-ran-ted. a. Not as- 
certained ; uncertain. Bacon. 

UNWA'RY, fin-wa'-re. a. [unpseji, Sax.] Wanting 
caution; imprudent; hasty; precipitate. Milton. 
Unexpected : obsolete. Spenser. 

UNWA'SHED, fin-w6sht'. )a. [unpaercen, Sax.] 

UNWA'SHEN, fin-w6sh'-n. \ Not washed; not 
cleansed by washing. St. Matt. xv. 

UNWA'STED, fin-wa'-sted. a. Not consumed; 
not diminished. Blackmore. 

UNWA'STING, fin-wa'-stlng. 410. a. Not growing 
less ; not decaying. Pope. 

UN VYA'YED, fin-wade', a. Not used to travel ; not 
seasoned in the road. Suckling. 

UNWE'AKENED, un-we'-k'n'd. 103, 359. a. Not 
weakened. Boyle. 

UNWE'APONED, fin-wep'-p'n'd. 103, 359. a. Not 
furnished with offensive arms. Raleigh. 

UNWE'ARIABLE, fin-we'-re-a-bl. a. Not to be 
tired ; indefatigable. Hooker. 

UNWE'ARIABLY*, fin-we'-re-a-ble. ad. So as not 
to be fatigued. Bp. Hall. 

UNWE'ARIED, fiu-we'-rfd. 282. a. Not tired; not 
fatigued. Milton. Indefatigable ; continual ; not 
to be spent ; not sinking under fatigue. Spenser. 

UNWE'ARIEDLY*, fin-we'-re-ed-le. ad. Indefat- 
igably. Ld. Chesterfield. 

UNWE'ARY*, fin-we'-re. a. [unpepi$, Sax.] Not 
weary. 

To UNWE'ARY, fin-we'-re. v. a. To refresh after 
weariness. Dryden. 

To UN WE' AVE*, fin-weev'. v. a. To unfold ; to 
undo what had been woven. Sandys. 

UNWE'D, fin-wed', a. Unmarried. Shakspeare. 

UNWE'DGEABLE, fin-wed'-ja-bl. a. Not to be 
cloven. Shakspeare. 

UNWEE'DED, fin-weed'-gd. a. Not cleared from 
weeds. Shakspeare. 

UNWEE'PED, fin-weept'. a. Not lamented : now 
unwept. Milton. 

UN WEE'TING, fin-wee'-ting. 410. a. Ignorant ; un- 
knowing. Spenser. 

UNWEE'TINGLY*. fin-wee'-t?ng-le. ad. Without 
knowledge ; ignorantly. Spenser. 

UN WEIGHED, fin-wade', a. Not examined by 
the balance. 1 Kings, vii. Not considerate; neg- 
ligent. Shakspeare. 

UNWE'IGHING, fln-wa/-mg. 410. a. Inconsider- 
ate ; thoughtless. Shakspeare. 

UNWE'LCOME, fin-wel'-k&m. a. Not pleasing ; not 
grateful ; not well received. Shakspeare. 

UNWE'LL*, fin-wel'. a. Not well ; slightly indis- 
posed ; not in perfect health. Ld. Chesterfield. 

UNYVE'PT, un-wept'. a. Not lamented; not be- 
moaned. Dryden. 

UNWET,fin-wet'.a. Not moist. Dryden. 

UNWH1PT, fin-hwlpt'. 359. a. Not' punished ; not 
corrected with the rod. Sliakspeare. 

UNWHO'LE*, fin-hole', a. [unhsel, Sax.] Not 
sound ; sick ; infirm. 

UN WHOLESOME, fin-h6le'-sfim. a. Insalubrious ; 
mischievous to health. Bacon. Corrupt; tainted. 
Shakspeare. 

UNWHO'LESOMENESS*, fin-hc-le'-sfim-nes. n. s. 
State or quality of being unwholesome. Sir T. 
Herbert. 

UNWI'ELDILY,fin-weel'-de-le. ad. Heavily; with 
difficult motion. Dryden. 

UNWI'ELDINESS, fin-weel'-de-nes. n.s. Heavi- 
ness ; difficulty to move, or be moved. Donne. 

UNWI'ELDY, fln-weel'-de. a. Unmanageable; not 
easily moving or moved; bulky; weighty; pon- 
derous. Clarendon. 

UNWI'LLING, fin-wil'-llng. 410. a. [unpillenb, 
986 



UNW 



UPH 



— ihS. move, nor, not ; — uSbe, tftb, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — thm, ruis. 



Sax.] Loath ; not contented ; not inclined ; not com- 
plying- bv inclination. Hooker. 

UNWILLINGLY, un-wil'-ling-le. ad. Not with 
good-will; not without loathness. Milton. 

UNWILLINGNESS, fin-wiF-flng-ne's. n. s. Loath- 
ness; disinclination. Hooker. 

To UNWFND, fin-wind', v. a. pret. and part. pass. 
unwound, [unpinban. Sax.] To separate anything 
convolved; to untwist; to untwine. Sidney. To 
disentangle ; to loose from entanglement. Hooker. 

7V UNWFND, fin-wind', v. n. To admit evolution. 
Mortimer. 

UNWIPED, fin-wlpt'. 359. a. Not cleaned by rub- 
bing. Shakspeare. 

UNWISE, un-wlze / . a. [unpiy, Sax.] Weak; de- 
fective in wisdom. Milton. 

UNWI'SELY, fin-wlze'-le. ad. [unpiylice, Sax.] 
Weakly ; not prudently ; not wisely. Sidney. 

To UNWI'SH, fin- wish', v. a. To wish that which is 
not to be. Brown. 

UNWI'SHED, fin-wlsht'. 359. a. Not sought; not 
desired. Sidney. 

UNWI'ST, Jn-wlst'. a. Unthought of; not known. 
Spenser. Applied to persons : unapprized. Spenser. 

To UNWI'T, fin-wit', v. a. To deprive of under- 
standing. Shakspeare. 

UN WITHDRAWING, un-wlTH-draw'-lng. a. 
Continually liberal. Milton. 

UNWl'THERED*, fin-wli-H'-fird. a. Not wither- 
ed ; not faded. Habington. 

UNWI THERING*, An-wiTH'-ur-?ng. a. Not lia- 
ble to wither or fade. Cowper. 

UN WITHSTOOD, un-w?TH-stud'. a. Not opposed. 
Phillips. 

UNWITNESSED, un-wit'-n^st. a. Wanting testi- 
mony ; wanting notice. Hooker. 

UNWFTTILY*, fin-wlt'-te-le. ad. Without wit. 
Cowley. 

UNWl'TTINGLY^fin-wlt'-ting-le. ad. [properly un- 
weetingly, from unweeting.'] Without knowledge ; 
without consciousness. Sidney. 

UNWI'TTY*, fin-wlt'-te. «. Not witty; wanting 
wit, Shenstone. 

UNWI'VED*. fin-wlv'd'. a. Without a wife. Selden. 

To UNWOMAN* fin-wfim'-fin. v. a. To deprive 
of the qualities becoming a woman. Sandys. 

UNWOMANLY*, fin-wum'-fin-le. a. Unbecoming 
a woman. Daniel. 

UN WONT*, fin-wfint'. a. [a contraction of unwont- 
ed.] Unaccustomed; unused. Spenser. 

UNWONTED, fin-wun'-tSd. a. Uncommon; unu- 
sual ; rare ; infrequent. Spenser. Unaccustomed ; 
unused. Sidneu. 

UNWO'NTEDNESS*, un-wunMed-nes. n.s. Un- 
commonness ; what is not usual. Bp. Taylor. 

UNWO'OED*, fin-w66d'. a. Not wooed ; not court- 
ed. Shakspeare. 

UNWO'RKING, un-wfirk'-lng. a. Living without 
labour. Locke. 

UNWO'RMED*, fin-wfirnvd'. a. Not wormed. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

UNWORN*, fin-w6rn'. part. a. Not worn ; not im- 
paired. Barrow. 

UNWORSHIPPED, fin-wur'-shlpt. a. Not adored. 
Milton. 

UNWO'RTHILY r , fin-w&r'-THe-le. ad. [unpupS- 
lice, Sax.] Not according to desert ; either above 
or below merit. SlwJcspeare. 

UNWO'RTHINESS, fin-wur'-THe-n3s. n. s. Want 
of worth ; want of merit. Sidney. 

UNWORTHY, un-wur'-THe. a. [unpeojio 1 , Sax.] 
Not deserving : whether good or bad. Hooker. 
Wanting merit. Shak. Mean; worthless; con- 
temptible. Sidney. Not suitable; not adequate. 
Dryden. Unbecoming; vile. Dryden. 

UNWOUND, fin-w6find'. part. pass, and pret. of 
unwind. Untwisted. Mortimer. 

UNWOUNDED, fin-wofin'-dSd. a. [unpunbeb, 

Sax.] Not wounded. Milton. Not hurt. Pope. 
To UN WRA'P, fin-rap', v. a. To open what is folded. 
To UNWRE'ATH, fin-reTH'. v. a. To untwine. 
Boyle 



UNWRI'TING, fin-rl'-tlng. 410. a. Not assuming 
the character of an author. Arbuthnot. 

UN WRITTEN, fin-rlt'-t'n. 103. a. (uuppiten, Sax.] 
Not written ; not conveyed by writing ; oral ; tradi- 
tional. Spenser. Not containing writing. South. 

UN WROUGHT, fln-rawt'. a. Not laboured; not 
manufactured. Fairfax. 

UNWRU'NG, fin-rfing'. a. Not pinched. Shak. 

UNYIE'LDED, fln-veeld'-eU a. Not given up. 
Dri/den. 

UNYlE'LDING*, fin-yeeld'-ing. a. Not giving place 
as inferiour. Thomson. 

To UNYOKE, fin-y6ke'. v. a. [un£eocian, uniuci- 
an, Sax.] To loose from the yoke. Shak. To 
part ; to disjoin. Shakspeare. 

UNY'OKED, fin-yokt'. 359. a. Having never worn 
a yoke. Dryden. Licentious ; unrestrained. Shak. 

UNZONED, fin-z6n'd'. 359. a. Not bound with a 
girdle. Prior. 

UP§, fip. ad. [up, Sax. ; op, Dutch and Dan.] Aloft; 
on high ; not down. K7iolles. Out of bed ; in the 
state of being risen from rest. Wotton. In the state 
of being risen from a seat. Addison. From a state 
of decumbiture or concealment. In a state of be- 
ing built. Shak. Above the horizon. Judges, ix. 
To a stale of proficiency. Atterbury. In a state of 
exaltation. Spenser. In a state of climbing. Chap- 
man. In a state of insurrection. Shak. In a state 
of being increased or raised. Dryden. From a re- 
moter place, coming to any person or place 
U Estrange. Into order : as, He drew up his regi 
ment. From younger to elder years. Ps. lxxxviii 
— Up and down. Dispersedly ; here and there 
Addison. Backward, not forward. Hooker. Up to. 
To an equal height with. Addison. Adequately 
to. Addison. Up with. A phrase that signifies 
the act of raising anything to give a blow. Sidney, 
— It is added to verbs, implying some accumulation 
or increase. Addison. 

UP, up. inter}. A word exhorting to rise from bed, 
Pope. A word of exhortation, exciting or rousing 
to action. Spenser. 

UP, op. prep. From a lower to a higher part ; not 
down. Bacon. 

To UPBE'AR, fip-bare'. v. a. preter. upbore ; part, 
pass, upborn, [up and bear.] To sustain aloft ; to 
support in elevation. Milton. To raise aloft. Mil' 
ton. To support from falling. Spenser. 

To UPBI'ND*, fip-bmd', v. a. To bind up. Collins. 

To UPBLO'W*. 6p-bl6'. v. a. To blow up ; to make 
tumid. Spenser. 

To UPBRAID §, fip-brade'. 202. v. a. [up£ebjioe- 
ban, up'jebpeban, Sax.] To charge contemptu- 
ously with any thing disgraceful. Hooker. To ob- 
ject as matter of reproach. Bacon. To urge with 
reproach. Shak. To reproach on account of a 
benefit received from the reproacher. James, i. To 
bring reproach upon ; to show faults by being in a 
state of comparison. Sidney. To treat with con 
tempt. Spenser. 

UPBRA'IDER, fip-bra'-dfir. n.s. One that reproach 
es. B. Jonson. 

UPBRA IDING*. fip-bra'-dhig. n. s. Reproach. 
Shakspeare. 

UPBRATDINGLY, up-bra'-dfng-le. ad. By way of 
reproach. B. Jonson. 

To UPBRA'Y, fip-bra/. v. a. To shame. Spenser. 

UPBRO'UGHT, fip-brawt'. part. pass, of upbring. 
Educated ; nurtured. Spenser. 

UTCAST, fip-kast'. 492. [participle from To cast 
up.] Thrown upwards. Dryden. 

U'PCAST, fip'-kast. 497. n.s. A term of bowling • 
a throw ; a cast. Sliakspeare. 

ToUPDRA'W*, fip-draw'. v. a. To draw up. Mil- 
ton. 

To UPGA'THER, fip-gaTH'-fir. v. a. To contract, 
Spenser. 

To UPGROW*, fip-gr6'. v. n. To grow up. Mil 
ton. 

UPHA'ND, fip-lmnd'. a. Lifted by the hand. Moron. 

7V> UPHE'AVE*, ftp-heev'. v. a. To heave up; to 
litl up. Sachnlk. 

937 



UPP 



URB 



JXT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fit;— me, rah ;— pine, pin ;— 



UPHE'LD, dp-held', pret. and part. pass, of uphold. 
Maintained ; sustained. MUton. 

UPHFLL, up'-hill. a. Difficult ; like the labour of 
climbing a bill. Richardson. 

To UPHOA'RD, up-h6rd'. 295. v. a. [up and hoard.] 
To treasure ; to store ; to accumulate in private 
places. Spenser. 

To UPHOLD §, up-hold'. 497. v.a. preter. upheld; 
and part. pass, uplveld, and upholden. To lift on 
high. Dryden. To support; to sustain: to keep 
from falling. Shak. To keep from declension. 
Bacon. To support, in any state of life. Raleigh. 
To continue j to keep from defeat. Hooker. To 
keep from being lost. Shak. To continue without 
failing. Holder. To continue in being. Judith, xi. 

UPHOLDER, up-h6ld / -ur. 98. n. s. A supporter. 
Swift. A sustainer in being. Hale. An under- 
taker; one who provides for funerals. Arbuthnot. 

UPHOLSTERER, up-h6ls'-tur-ur. n. s. [a corrup- 
tion of upholder.'] One who furnishes houses ; one 
who fits up apartments with beds and furniture. 
Swift. 
UPHOLSTERY*, up-h6ls'-tur-e. n.s. The articles 

made or sold by upholsterers. 
U PLAND §, up'-land. n. s. [uplanb. Sax.] Higher 

f-ound. Burnet. 
LAND, fip'-land. a. Higher in situation. Carew. 
Rude ; savage. Cliapman. 

UPLANDISH, fip-laud'-ish. a. [uplanbi r c, Sax.] 
Higher in situation; mountainous. Robinson. In- 
habiting mountains; rustical ; rude. Chapman. 

To UPL A'Y, up-la'. v. a. To hoard ; to lay up. Donne. 

To UPLE'AD*, up-leed'. v. a. To lead upward. 
Milton. 

To UPLFFT, u>l?fV. 497. v. a. [up and lift] To 
raise aloft. Slvxkspeare. 

To UPLOCK*, up-lok'. v. a. To lock up. S/iak. 

UTMOST, up'-most. a. [an irregular superlative 
formed from up.] Highest ; topmost. Dryden. 

UPO'N, up-p6n'. prep, [up and on ; up a, upon, Sax.] 
Not under ; noting being on the top. Sliak. Not 
within ; being on the outside. Exod. xxix. Thrown 
over the body, as clothes. SJiak. By way of im- 
precation or infliction : as, My blood upon your 
heads. Ketilewell. It expresses obtestation, ov prot- 
estation : as, upon my honour. Shak. It is used 
to express any hardship or mischief: as, impose 
upon ourselves. Burnet. In consequence of: as, 
upon second cogitations. Bacon. In immediate 
consequence of : as, upon that enterprise. Claren- 
don. In a state of view : as, upon record. SJiak. 
Supposing a thing granted : as, This is a good an- 
swer upon our supposition. Buniet. Relating to a 
subject. With respect to : as, examined upon all 
questions. Dryden. In consideration of : as, upon 
trie whole matter. Dryden. In noting a particular 
day : as, upon the day. Addison. Noting reliance 
or trust : as, dependence upon his truth. Swift. 
Near to, noting situation : as, villages upon the 
river Kennet. Clarendon. In a state of: as, upon 
no great warning. Bacon. On occasion of : as, an 
excellent officer upon any bold enterprise. Claren- 
don. Noting assumption : as, He takes state upon 
him; He took an office upon him. Ketilewell. Not- 
ing the time when an event came to pass. Esther, 
iii. Noting security : as, We have borrowed mo- 
ney upon our lands. Nehem. v. 4. Noting attack. 
Judges, xvi. On pain of; as, upon our lives. Sid- 
ney. At the time of; on occasion of. Sivift. By 
inference from : as, upon his principles. Locke. Not- 
ing attention : as, He lost the sight of what he was 
upon. Locke. Noting particular pace : as, upon the 
hardest trot. Dryden. Exactly ; according to ; 
full : as, upon or near the rate of thirty thousand. 
Slwk. By ; noting the means of support. Wood- 
ward. Upon is, in many of its significations, now 
contracted into on, especially in poetry. 

UTPER, up'-pur. 98. a. Superiour in place ; higher. 
Peacham. Higher in power or dignity. Hooker. 

UPPERMOST, up'-pur-most. a. Highest in place. 
Raleigh. Highest in power or authority. Gbxn- 
ville. Predominant ; most powerful. Dryden. 



arrogant 

' v. a. To 



a low word, 
up; 



UPPISH, up' -pish. a. Proud , . 
To UPRAISE, fip-raze'. 202, 

to exalt. Fletclver. 
To UPRE'AR, up-rere'. 227. v. a. To rear on high. 

Gay. 
U'PRIGHT§, up'-rhe. 393. a. [uppihte, Sax.] 
Straight up ; perpendicularly erect. Jer. x. Erect- 
ed ; pricked up. Spenser. Honest ; not declining 
from the right. Milton. 
UTRIGHT, up-rlte'. n.s. Elevation ; orthography. 

Moxon. 
UTR1GHTLY, up'-rlte-le. ad. Perpendicularly to 
the horizon. Honestly ; without deviation from the 
right. Sidney. 
UPRIGHTNESS, up'-rlte-nes. n. s. Perpendicular 

erection. Waller. Honesty ; integrity. Atterbury. 
To UPRISE $, fip-rlze'. 492. v. n. To rise from de- 
cumbilure. Spenser. To rise from below the hori- 
zon. Cowley. To rise with acclivity. Shakspeare. 
UPRFSE, up'-rlze. 497. n. s. Appearance above 
the horizon. Shak. Act of rising from decumben 
cy. P. Fletcher. 
UPRFSING*, up-ri'-zlng. n. s. Act of rising from 
below the horizon. Sir T. Herbert. Act of rising 
from decumbency. Psalm cxxxix. 
U PROAR $, fip'-r6re. 295. n. s. [oproer, Dutch/J 
Tumult; bustle; disturbance; confusion. Acts, xvii. 
To U'PROAR, up-r6re'. 497. v. a. To throw into 

confusion. Shakspeare. Not in use. 
To UPROLL*, up-r6le/. v. a. To roll up. Milton. 
To UPRO'OT, up-rOdt'. 306. v. a. To tear up by the 

root. Dryden. 
To UPROTJSE, up-r6uzc'. v.a. [up and rouse.] To 
waken from sleep ; to excite to action. Shakspeare. 
To UPSE'T*, fip-seV. v. a. To overturn; to over- 
throw : a low word. 
U'PSFIOT, up / -sh6t. 497. n. s. Conclusion ; end ; 

last amount ; final event. Spenser. 
UTSIDE down, up-$lde-d6un'. With the lower part 
above the higher. Heylin. In confusion; in com- 
plete disorder. Spensei: 
To UPSPRFNG §*, up-sprlng'. v. n. To spring up. 

Sackville. 
U PSPRING, up'-sprlng. n. s. Upstart ; a man sud- 
denly exalted. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
j To UPSTA'ND^p-stand'. 497. v.n. [up and stand.] 
To be erected, may. 
To UPSTA'RT, up-start'. 497. v. n. [up and start.] 

To spring up suddenly. Spenser. 

UTSTA.RT, up'-start. n.s. One suddenly raised to 

wealth, power, or honour; what suddenly rises and 

appears. Spenser. 

UTSTART*, up'-start. a. Suddenly raised. Shak. 

To UPSTA'Y, up-sta/. v. a. [up and stay.] To 

sustain; to support. Milton. 
To UPSWA'RM, up-swarnV. t\ a. To raise in a 

swarm. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To UPTA'KE, up-take'. v. a. To take into the hands 

Spenser. 
To UPTE'AR*, up-lare'. v. a. To tear up ; to rend 
I up. Milton. 
! To UPTRATN, up-trane'. v. a. To bring up; to ed 

ucate. Spenser: Ob. J. 
I To UPTU'RN, up-uW. 497. v.a. To throw up ; to 
I furrow. Milton. 
j UTWARD §, V- W « rd - 497. a. [up, and peajib, 

Sax.] Directed to a higher part. Dryden. 
j UTWARD. up'-wfird. n. s. The top : out of use. 
U'PWARD, up'-wfird. ) ad. [up, and peapb, 

UTWARDS, up'-wordz. 88. $ Sax.] Towards a 
higher place : opposed to downward. Dryden. To- 
wards heaven and God. Hooker. With respect to 
the higher part. Milton. More than ; with tenden- 
cy to a higher or greater number. Hooker. To 
wards the source. Pope. 
To UPWHI'RL* fip-hw&rl'. v.a. To raise upwards 

with quick rotation. Milton. 
To UPWFND, fip-wlnd'. v. a. pret. and pass, vp- 

wound. To convolve. Spenser. 
URBA'NE $#, ur-bane'. a. [urbanus, Lat.] Civil , 

courteous ; elegant. Bowles. 
URBANITY, fir-ban'-e-te. n. s. [urbanite, Fr. ; ur- 



USE 



usu 



-116, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — oil; — pound; — tlnn, this. 



banitas, Lat.] Civility ; elegance ; politeness ; mer- 
riment ; facetiousness. B. Jonson, 
To U'RBANIZE*,ui- / -ban-be. v. a. To render civil ; 
to polish. Howell. Ob. T. 

V RCHIN, ur'-tshln. 353. 7j. s. [heureuckin. Armo- 
rick.] A hedge-hog. Shak. A name of slight an- 
ger to a child. Prior. 

JRE. Wire, n. s. Practice ; use ; habit. Hooker. 
Ob. J. 

U RETER,yiV-re-tur. 98. n.s. [6vpr, T ^, Gr. ; uretere, 
Fr.] Ureters are two long and small canals from 
the basin of the kidneys, one on each side. Quincy. 

U'RETHRA.yu-re'-tfira. 503. n. s. [ooptfpa, Gr. ; 
uretre, Fr.] The passage of the urine. Wiseman. 

To URGE % urje. v. a. [urgeo, Lat.] To incite ; to 
push ; to press by motives. Shak. To provoke ; to 
exasperate. Sfiak. To follow close, so as to impel. 
Pope. To labour vehemently ; to do with eager- 
ness, or violence. Pope. To press; to enforce. 
Shed: To press, as an argument. Sha/c. To im- 
portune ; to solicit. Spenser. To press in opposi- 
tion, by way of objection. Tillolson. 

7b URGE. urje. v.n. To press forward. Donne. 

URGENCY, ur'-jen-se. n.s. Pressure of difficulty 
or necessity. Swift. Entreaty ; solicitation. Swijt. 

U'RGENT, ur'-jent. a. [Fr. ; urgens, Lat.] Cogent ; 
pressing; violent. Hooker. Importunate; vehe- 
ment in solicitation. Exodus, xii. 

U'RGENTLY, , ur'-jent-le. ad. Cogently ; violently ; 
vehemently; importunately. Harvey. 

U'RGERjUr'-jur. 98. n. s. One who presses ; impor- 
tuner. Bp. Taulor. 

U'RGEWONDER, firje-wun'-dar. n.s. A sort of 
grain. Mortimer. 

U'RIM, yu'-rlm. n. s. Urim and ilmmmim were 
something in Aaron's breast-plate; but what, crit- 
icks and commentators are by no means agreed. 
The word urim signifies light, and thummim per- 
fection. Newton. 

URINAL, yu'-re-nal. 8. n. s. [Fr.] A bottle, in which 
water is kept for inspection. Brown. 

U'RINARY,yu'-re-na-re. a. Relating to the urine. 
Brown. 

URINATIVE, yiV-rfn-a-tfv. a. Working by urine ; 
provoking urine. Bacon. 

URINA'TOR, yu-rin-a'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] A diver ; 
one who searches under water. Wilkins. 

U'RINE §, yu'-rk. 140. n.s. [Fr. ; urina, Lat.] An- 
imal water. Brown. 

To U'RINE, yiY-rin. v. n. [uriner, Fr.] To make 
water. Bacon. 

URINOUS, yiV-rln-us. a. Partaking of urine. Ar- 
bulhnot. 

URN §, urn. n.s. [urne, Fr. ; urna, Lat.] Any ves- 
sel, of which the mouth is narrower than the'body. 
Carew. A water-pot ; particularly that in the sign 
of Aquarius. Creech. The vessel in which the re- 
mains of burnt bodies were put. Wilkins. 

To URN*, urn. v. a. To enclose in an urn. May. 

URO'SCOPY, yu-ros / -k6-pe. n.s. [h 9 ov and aci-™.] 
Inspection of urine. Brown. 

U'RRY, ur'-re. n. s. A mineral. Mortimer. 

U'RSULINE*, ur'-su-lln. a. [from Ursula.] Denot- 
ing an order of nuns. Gray. 

US, us. [tins, M. Goth, and Germ.; oss, Su. Goth.] 
The oblique case of we. Devi. v. 

U'SABLE*, yu'-za-bl. a. That may be used. 

USAGES, yu'-zldje. 90,442. n.s. [Fr.] Treatment. 
Shak. Custom ; practice long continued. Hooker. 
Manners; behaviour. Spenser. 

U'SAGER, yu'-zld-jur. n. s. [Fr.] One who has the 
use of any thing in irust for another. Daniel. 

USANCE, yu'-zause. 442. n.s. [Fr.] Use; proper 
employment. Spensei . Usury ; interest paid for 
money. Shak. In bills of exchange : a certain pe- 
riod of time, but different in different countries. 
Cunningham. 

USE §, yuse. 8, 437. n. s. [usus, Lat.] The act of 
employing any thing to any purpose. Lev. vii. 
Qualities that make a thing proper for any pur- 
pose. Temple. Need of; occasion on which a thing 
can be employed. A.Philips. Advantage leceiv- 



cd ; power of receiving advantage. Dryden. Coo 
venience; help; usefulness. Locke. Usage; cus- 
tomary act. Hooker. Practice ; habit. Waller. 
Custom ; common occurrence. Shak. Interest j 
money paid for the use of money. Bp. Taylor. 

To USE, yuze. 437. v. a. [user, Fr. ; usus, Lat.] Tc 
employ to any purpose. 1 Chron. xii. To accus- 
tom; to habituate. Roscommon. To treat. Shak. 
To practise customarily. 1 Peter, iv. To behave : 
with the reciprocal pronoun. Shakspeare. 

To USE, yuze. v.n. To be accustomed ; to practise 
customarily. Spenser. To be customarily in any 
manner ; to be wont. Bacon. To frequent ; to in- 
habit. Spenser. 

U'SEFUL, yuse'-ful. a. Convenient; profitable to 
any end ; conducive or helpful to any purpose ; val- 
uable for use. More. 

U'SEFULLY, yuse'-ful-e. ad. In such a manner as 
to help forward some end. Bentley. 

USEFULNESS, yuse'-ffil-nes. n. s. Conduciveness 
or helpfulness to some end. Addison. 

U'SELESS, yuse'-les. a. Answering no purpose ; 
having no end. Waller. 

USELESSLY, yuse'-les-le. ad. Without the quality 
of answering any purpose. Locke. 

U'SELESSNESS, yuse'-les-nes. n. s. Unfitness to 
any end. South. 

USER, yu'-zur. 98. n. s. One who uses. Sidney. 

U'SHER§,ush'-ur. 98. n.s. [huissier, Fr.; kosher, 
old Eng.] One whose business is to introduce 
strangers, or walk before a person of high rank. 
Toiler. An under-teacher ; one who introduces 
young scholars to higher learning. Dryden.. 

To U'SHER, ush'-fir. v. a. To introduce as a fore- 
runner or harbinger; to forerun. Shakspeare. 

USQUEBAUGH, fis-kwe-ba'. 390. n. s. [An Irish 
and Erse word, which signifies the water of life] 
A compounded distilled spirit. The Pighland sort, 
by corruption, they call whisky. Sir T. Herbert. 

U'STION, us'-tshuu. n. s. [Fr. ; ustus, Lat.] The 
act of burning ; the state of being burned. 

USTO'RIOUS, us-t6'-re-us. a. [ustum, Lat.] Hav- 
ing the quality of burning. Watts. 

USTULA'TION*, us-tshu-la'-shfin. n. s. [ustulatus, 
Lat.] Act of burning or searing. Sir W. Petty. 

U'SUAL, yu'-zhu-al. 452. a. [usuel, Fr.] Common ; 
frequent ; customary ; frequently occurring. Hooker. 

U'SUALLY, yu'-zhu-al-e. ad. Commonly ; frequent- 
ly ; customarily. Fell. 

U'SUALNESS, yiV-zhu-al-n§s. n. s. Commonness 5 
frequency. Clarke. 

USUCA'PTION, yu-zu-kap'-shun. n. s. [usus and 
capio, Lat.] [In the civil law.] The acquisition of the 
property of a thing by possession and enjoyment 
thereof for a certain term of years, prescribed by 
law. Diet. 

U'SUFRUCT, yu'-zu-frukt. n. s. [usufruit, Fr. ; usus 
and fruclus, Lat.] The temporary use) enjoyment 
of the profits, without power to alienate. Ayliffe. 

USUFRUCTUARY, yu-zu-fruk'-tsbu-a-re. n. s. 
[usi/fructuaire, Fr.; usufructuarius, Lat.] One that 
has the use and temporary profit, not the property, 
of a thing. Ayliffe. 

To U'SURE §, yu'-zhure. v. n. [usura, Lat.] To 
practise usury ; to take interest for money. Shak. 

U 'SURER, yu'-zhu-rur. 456. n.s. [usuricr, Fr. 5 usu- 
ra, Lat.] One who puts money out at interest. 
Commonly used for one that takes exorbitant in- 
terest. Exodus, xxii. 

USU'RlOUS, yu-zu'-re-fls. 456. a. [usuaire, Fr.] 
Given to the practice of usuiy; exorbitantly greedy 
of profit. Donne. 

To USU'RP §, yu-zflrp'. v. a. [usurper, Fr. ; usurpo, 
Lat.] To possess by force or intrusion j to seize, or 
possess without right. Hooker. 

USURPATION, yu-zur-pa'-shfin. ft. s. [Fr] For- 
cible, unjust, illegal seizure or possession. Shak. 
Use : usage. Pearson. 

USU'RPER, yu-zurp'-nr. 98. n. s. One who seizes 
or possesses that to which he has no right. It is 
generally used of one who excludes the right heir 
from the throne. Spenser. 
989 






OH 



u I M 



UXO 



[LT 559.— File, far, fill, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ! 



USU'RPINGLY, y6-zurp'-Ing-le. arf. Without just 

claim. Sfiakspeare. 
U'SURY, yu'-zhu-re. 456. n. s. [usure 1 , Fr.; usura, 

Lat.] Money paid for the use of money ; interest. 

Spenser. The practice of taking interest. Bacon. 

$3= This word and its relatives, with respect to the as- 
piration of the s, are exactly under the same predica- 
ment as the words luxury and anxiety are with respect 
to the z.— See Principles, No. 479, 480, 481. W. 

UTE'NSIL, yu'-ten-sil. 8. [yu'-ten-sil, Sheridan, 
Jones, Fulton and Kniglit; yu-teV-sll, Perry.] 
n. s. [utensile, Fr. ; ulensile, low Lat.] Any instru- 
ment for any use, such as the vessels of the kitchen, 
or tools of a trade. South. 

UTERINE, yu'-ter-lne. 149. a. [uterin, Fr. ; uteri- 
nus, Lat.] Belonging to the womb. Brown. Born 
of the same mother, but having a different father. 
Sir G. Buck. 

UTERUS, yiV-te-rus. 503. n. s. [Lat.] The womb. 

UTILE f, yu'-te-le. n. s. Something useful, as oppo- 
sed to something only ornamental. 

f)£p When this word is pronounced in three syllables, 
being the neuter gender ofutilis, it becomes, like simile, 
a substantive, and, like a pure Latin word, has the same 
number of syllables as the original, (503, b.) and thus we 
sometimes hear of a work that unites the utile and the 
dulce. W. 

UT1LE\, yu'-tU. a. Profitable, useful. 

55= When this word is used as an adjective, it is pro- 
nounced in two syllables, with the last short. In this 
form, however, it is but seldom seen or heard. W. 

UTILITY, yu-ti!'-e-te. n. s. [utilite, Fr. ; utilitas, 
Lat.] Usefulness; profit; convenience; advantage- 
ousoess. Bacon. 

UTIS, yu'-tis. n. s. A word which probably is cor- 
rupted, at least, is not now understood, litis was 
the octave of a saint's day, and may perhaps be 
taken for any festivity, [eahfca, Sax.] Slia/c- 
speare. 

UTMOST, ut'-m6st. a. [utmoeft, Sax.] Extreme ; 
placed at the extremity. Davies. Being in the 
highest degree. Shakspeare. 

UTMOST, ut'-most. n. s. The most that can be; 
the greatest power; the highest degree; the great- 
est effort. Shakspeare. 



UTOTIAN*, yu-ti'-pe-an. 



UTOT1CAL*, vu-top'4-kal. 



) a. [from Sir Thomas 
) More's Utopia.] 
Ideal ; not real. Bp. Hall. 

UTTER §, at'-tor. 98. a. [utt en, Sax.] Situate on the 
outside, or remote from the centre. Milton. Placed 
beyond any compass ; out of any place. Milton. 
Extreme; excessive; utmost. Milton. Complete; 
total. Clarendon. Peremptory. Clarendon. Per- 
fect; mere. Atterbury. 

To UTTER $, ut'-tur. v. a. To speak ; to pronounce ; 
to express. Hooker. To disclose ; to discover; to 
publish. Whitgift. To sell ; to vend. Sliak. To 
disperse; to emit at large. Swift. To put forth. 
Spenser. 

UTTERABLE, ut'-tur-a-bl. 555. a. Expressible; 
such as may be uttered. 

UTTERANCE, ut'-tur-anse. n. s. Pronunciation; 
manner of speaking. Spenser, [outrance, Fr.] Ex- 
tremity ; terms of extreme hostility. Shak. Vocal 
expression; emission from the mouth. Milton. 
Sale. Bacon. 

UTTERER, ut'-tur-ur. n. s. One who pronounces. 
A divulger; a discloser. Spenser. A seller; a 
vender. 

UTTERLY, nt'-tur-le. ad. Fully ; completely; per 
fectlv. Hooker. 

UTTERMOST, ut / -tur-m6st. a. [utfcepmoert 
Sax.] Extreme ; being in the highest degree. MH 
ton. Most remote. Abbot. 

UTTERMOST, fit'-lur-mtet. n. s. The greatest. 
Sidney. The extreme part of any thing. Numb. 
xx. 

U'VEOUS, yu'-ve-us. a. [uva, Lat.] The uveo?is coat, 
or iris of the eye, hath a musculcus power, and can 
dilate and contract that round hole in it, called the 
pupil. Ray. 

UVULA, yu'-vu-la. 8. n. s. [uvula, Lat.] A round, 
soft, spongeous body, suspended from the palate 
near the foramina of the nostrils over the glottis. 
Wiseman. 

UXO'RIOUS§, ug-z6'-re-us. 479. a. [uxorius, Lat.] 
Submissively fond of a wile ; infected with connu- 
bial dotage. Bacon. 

UXO'RIOUSLY^ig-zo'-r-e-us-le. a d. With fond sub- 

I mission to a wife. Dryden. 

UXO'RIOUSNESS, flg-zo'-re-us-nes. n. * v Connu- 



VAC 



VAC 



VHas a sound nearly approaching to those of b 
and /. Its sound in English is uniform, and it 
is never mute. 473. 
V*. A numeral letter denoting five. 
VA'CANCY, va'-kan-se. n. s. "Empty space ; vacui- 
ty. Shak. Chasm; space unfilled. Watts, [va- 
canct, Fr.] State of a post or employment when it 
isunsupphed. Leslie, f i-acances, Fr.] Time of leisure ; 
relaxation ; intermission ; time unengaged. Dryden. 
Listlessness ; emptiness of thought. Wotton. 
VA'CANT §, va'-kant. a. [Fr.; vacans, Lat.] Emp- 
ty; unfilled; void. Boyle. Free; unencumbered; 
uncrowded. More. Not filled by an incumbent, or 
possessor. Mil/on. Being at leisure; disengaged. 
Spenser. Thoughtless; empty of thought; not busy. 
Shakspeare. 
To VA'CATE, va'-kate. 91. v. a. [vaco, Lat.] To 
annul ; to make void ; to make of no authority. 
King Chaiies. To make vacant; to quit pos- 
session of: as, He vacated the throne. To defeat; 
to put an end to. Druden. 
VACATION, va-ka'-shftn. n. s. [Fr. ; vacatio, Lat.] 
Intermission of juridical proceedings, or any other 
stated employments; recess of courts or senates. 
Cowei. Leisure; freedom from trouble or per- 
plexity. Hammond. 
VA/CCARY, vak'-ka-re. n. s. [vacca, Lat.] A cow- 
house ; a cow-pasture. Bailey. 



To VA'CCINATE$*, vak'-se-nate. v. a. [rosea, 
Lat.] To inoculate with vaccine matter. 

VACCINATION*, vak-se-na'-shun. n.s. The act 
of inserting vaccine matter; inoculation Co" the 
cow-pox. 

VA'CCINE*, vak'-s'in. a. Of or belonging to a cow. 

VA'CILLANCY, vas'-s'fl-an-se. n. s. [vacillans, from 
vacillo, Lat.; vacillant, Fr.] A state of wavering; 
fluctuation ; inconstancy. More. Little used. 

0^T My ear tells me the accent ought to be on the first 
syllable of this word, as it is in excellency; and till 
good reasons can be given for placing the accent on the 
second syllable with Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, and 
Entick, I shall concur with Dr. Ash in accenting the 
first, as in vacillate.— See Miscellany. W. 

To VA'CILLATE $*, vas'-sfl-ate. 91. r.n. [vacillo, 
Lat.] To waver; to be inconstant. Cockeram. 

VACILLATION, vas-sll-la'-shun. n. s. [vacillatio, 
Lat.] The act or state of reeling or staggering. 
Bacon. 

7'oVA'CUATEy*, vak'-u-ate. v. a. [mewo, Lat.] 
To make void. Secular Priest Exposed. 

VA.CL VTION, vak-u-a'-shun. n. s. [vacuus, Lat.] 
Tb" act of emptying. Diet. 

VAv JIST, vak'-u-lst. n. s. A philosopher that holds 
a vacuum : opposed to a plenist. Boyle. 

VACUTTY, va-kiV-e-te. ?t. s. [vacuitas, Lat.] Emp- 
tiness; state of being unfilled. Arbutlvnot. Space 
990 



VAI 



VAL 



—116, move, nor, not ;— tube, tftb, bull 5—6?! ;— pdund ;— tftin, THis. 



s. [Lat.] Space 



unfilled ; space unoccupied. Hammond. Inanity; 
want of reality. GLmville. 

VA'CUOUS, vak'-u-us. a. [vacuus, Lat.] Empty-, 
unfilled. Milton. 

VA'CUOUSNESS* vfik'-u-us-nes. 7/.. s. State of be- 
ing empty. IF. Moimtague. 

YA F CUUM, vak'-u-um: 314. n 
unoccupied by matter. Watts. 

To VADE, vade. v. n. [vado, Lat.] To vanish 5 to 
pass awav. Spenser. Ob. J. 

VA'GABONDS, vag ; -a-b6nd. a. [vagabundus, low 
Lat.; vagabond, Fr.] Wandering without any 
settled habitation; wanting a home. Shak. Wan- 
tiering; vagrant. Shakspeare. 

VAGABOND, vag'-a-b6nd. n. s. A vagrant; a 
wanderer, commonly in a sense of reproach. Ra- 
leigh. One that wanders illegally, without a set- 
tled habitation. Watts. 

VA'GABONDRY*, vag'-a-bon-dre. n. s. Beggary; 
knavery. Cotgrave. 

To VAGA'RY>, va-ga'-re. v. n, [vaguer, old Fr.] 
To wander; to gad; to range; to roam; to re- 
move often from place to place. Cotgrave. 

VAGA'RY, va-ga'-re. n. s. A wandering. Rich. A 
wild freak ; a capricious frolick. Milton. 

VA GIENT*, va'-je-ent. a. [vagiem, Lat.] Crying 
like a child. More. Ob. T. 

VAGINOPE'NNOUS, vad-je-ni-pen'-nus. a. [vagi- 
na and penna, Lat.] Sheathwinged ; having the 
wings covered with hard cases. 

VA'GOUS, va'-gfls. a. [vagus, Lat.; vague, Fr.] 
Wandering ; unsettled. Ayliffe. Ob. J. 

VA'GRANCY, va'-gran-se. n. s. A state of wander- 
ing ; unsettled condition. Barrow. 

VAGRANT §, va'-grant. 88. a. [vagarant, old Fr.] 
Wandering; unsettled; vagabond; unfixed in place. 
Prior. 

VA'GRANT, va'-grant. n. s. A sturdy beggar; wan- 
derer ; vagabond ; man unsettled in habitation. 
Prior. 

VAGUE, vag. 337. a. [Fr. ; vagus, Lat.] Wander- 
ing ; vagrant ; vagabond. Hayward. Unfixed ; 
unsettled; undetermined; indefinite. Locke. 

VAIL, vale. 202. n. s. [voile, Fr. ; now frequently 
written veil, from velum, Lat.] A curtain ; a cover 
thrown over any thing to be concealed. Wisdom. A 
part of female dress, by which the face and part of 
the shape is concealed. Money given to servants : 
it is commonly used in the plural. See Vale. 

To VAIL, vile. v. a. To cover. See To Veil. 

To VAIL §, vale. v. a. [avaler le bonnet, Fr.] To let 
fall ; to suffer to descend. Carew. To let fall in 
token of respect. Knolies. To fall ; to let sink in 
fear, or for any other interest. Shakspeare. 

To VAIL, vale. v. n. To yield; to give place; to 
shoWji-espect by yielding. Drayton. 

VA'ILER*, va'-lur. n. s. One who shows respect by 
yielding. Overbury. Ob. T. 

VAIN §, vane. 202. a. [old Fr.; vanus, Lat.] Fruit- 
less; ineffectual. Shak. Empty ; unreal ; shadowy. 
Dryden. Meanly proud; proud of petty things. 
Dryden. Showy ; ostentatious. Pope. Idle ; worth- 
less ; unimportant. Milton. False; not true. Shak. 
— In vain. To no purpose ; to no end ; ineffectual- 
ly ; without effect. Milton. 

VAINGLORIOUS, vane-glo'-re-us. a. [vanus and 
gloriosus. Lat.] Boasting without performances; 
proud in disproportion to desert. Spenser. 

VAINGLO / RIOUSLY*,vane-g]6 / -re-fis-le.ad.With 
vainglory; with empty pride. Mi/Ion. 

VAINGLO'RY^ane-glo'-re. n.s. [vanagloria, Lat.] 
Pride above merit; empty pride; pride in little 
things. Bacon. 

V A INLY, vane'-le. ad. Without effect ; to no pur- 
pose; in vain. Shak. Proudly; arrogantly. Dela- 
ny. Idly; foolishly. Milton. 

VATNNESS, vane'-nes. n.s. The state ofbeingvain; 
pride; falsehood; emptiness. Shakspeare. 

VAIR*, vare. n. s. [vair, Fr.] [In heraldry.] A kind 
of fur, or doubling, consisting of divers little pieces, 
argent and azure, resembling a bell-glass. Cham- 



VAIR, vire. )a. Charged or chequered with 

VA'IRY, va'-re. ) vair ; variegated with argent 
and azure colours, in heraldry, when the term is 
vairy proper ; and with other colours, when it is 
vair or vairy composed. 

VA TVODE, va'-v&d. n. s. [waiwod, Sclavonian.] 
A prince of the Dacian provinces. Knolies. 

VA'LANCE $, val'-lanse. n. s. [from Valencia, whence 
the use of them came.] The fringes or drapery 
hanging round the tester and stead of a bed. Shak, 

To VA'LANCE, val'-lanse. v. a. To decorate with 
drapery. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

VALE, vale. n. s. [val, Fr. ; vallis, Lat.] A wide, 
open space between hills. If it be of smaller dimen- 
sions, we call it a.' valley. But when this space is 
contracted to a chasm, we call it a glen. Gilpin. 
[from avail, profit.] Money given to servants. 
Dryden. 

VALEDICTIONS, val-e-dik'-shun. n.s. [valedico, 
Lat.] a farewell. Donne, 

VALEDI'CTORY, val-e-dlk'-tur-e. 557. [See Do 
mestick.] a. Bidding farewell. Cumberland. 

VA'LENTINE, val'-en-tin, 150. n. s. A sweetheart, 
chosen on Valentine's day. Wotton. A letter sent 
by one young person to another on Valentine's 
day. Burton. 

VALE'RIAN, va-le'-re-an. n. s. [Valeriana, Lat.; 
valerian, Fr.l A plant. Drayton. 

VA'LET,\k\'-h, or va-let'. n.s. [Fr.] Awaiting 
servant. Addison. 

VALETUDINARIAN, vdl-le-tu-de-na'-re-an. ) ■ 

VALETUDINARY, val-le-uV-de-na-re. \ a ' 

[valetudinaire, Fr. ; valeludo, Lat.] Weakly ; sick- 
ly; infirm of health. Browne. 

VALET UDINA'RI AN*, val-le-tu-de-na'-re-an. n. s. 
One who is weakly, sickly, or infirm of health. Bp, 
Bull. 

VA'LIANCE, vaF-yanse. ) n. s. [valiant, vaillance, 

VA'LIANCY*, vaK-yan-se. \ Fr.] Valour; personal 
puissance; fierceness; bravery. Spenser. Ob. J. 

VA'LIANT $, val'-yant. 113, 535. a. [vailtant, Fr,] 
Stout ; personally puissant ; brave. 1 Sam. xviii. 

VA'LIANT*, val'-yant. n. s. A valiant person. 2 
Sam. xxi. Ob. T. 

VA'LIANTLY, val'-yant-le. ad. Stoutly; with per- 
sonal strength ; with personal bravery. SJmk. 

VA'LIANTNESS, val'-yant-nes. n. s. Valour; per- 
sonal bravery; puissance; fierceness ; stoutness. 



VA'LID§, val'-id. 544. a. [valide, Fr.; validus, Lat.] 
Strong ; powerful ; efficacious ; prevalent. Milton. 
Having intellectual force; prevalent; weighty; 
conclusive. Stephens. 

VALFD1TY, va-lld'-e-te. n. s. [validiii, Fr.] Force 
to convince ; certainty. Pope. Value. Shakspeare. 

VALLA'NCY, val'-lan-se. n. s. [from valance.} A 
large wig that shades the face. Dryden. 

VALIDATION*, val-la'-sh&n. n. s. [vallatus, Lat.] 
An intrenchment. Warton. 

VA'LLATORY*, val'-la-tfir-e. a. Enclosing as by 
measure. Sir T. Brown. Ob. T. 

VA'LLEY, val'-le. n. s. [valUe, Fr. ; vallis, Lat.] A 
low ground ; a hollow between hills. Woodward. 

VA'LLISE*. n. s. [valleys, Dutch ; valise, Fr.] A 
portmanteau ; a wallet. B. Jonson. 

VA'LL UM*, val'-lum. n.s. [Lat.] A trench ; a fence; 
a wall. Warton. 

VA'LOROUS/val'-ur-us. 166. [See Domestick.] 
a. Brave ; stout ; valiant. Spenser. 

VA'LOROUSLY, val'-ur-us-le. ad. In a brave man- 
ner. Shakspeare. 

VA'LOURS, val'-ur. 314. n.s. [valeur, Fr. ; valor, 
Lat.] Personal bravery ; strength ; prowess ; puis- 
sance; stoutness. Shakspeare* 

VALUABLE, val'-u-a-bl. 405. a. [valable, Fr.] 
Precious; being of great price. Robertson. Wor- 
thy ; deserving regard. Atterbury. 

VA'LUABLENESS*, val'-u-a-bl-ues. n. s. Precious- 
ness; worth. Johnson. 

VALUATION, val-u-a'-sh&n. n.s. The act of setting 
a value ; appraisement. Ray. Value set upon any 
thing. Shakspeare. 

6 991 



VAN 



VAR 



Id* 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, p?n ;- 



VA'LLATOR, Val-u-a'-tfir. 521. n. s. An appraiser; 

one who sets upon any thine 1 its price. Swift. 
VA'LUE $, val'-u. 335. n. s. [Fr. ; eaAw, Lat.] Price ; 
worth. Job, xiii. High rate. Addison. Rate j price 
equal to the worth of the thing bought. Dryden. 
To VA'LUE, val'-u. v. a. [valoir, Fr.J To rate at a 
certain price. Spenser. To rate highly; to have 
in high esteem. Addison. To appraise; to esti- 
mate. Lev. xxvii. To be worth; to be equal in 
worth to. Shak. To take account of. Bacon. To 
reckon at, with respect to number or power. Slia/c. 
To consider with respect to importance; to hold 
important. Sluik. To compare with respect to 
price or excellence. Job, xviii. To raise to esti- 
mation. Sidney. 

VALUELESS, val'-u-les. a. Being of no value. 
Shakspeare. 

VALUER, val'-u-fir. 98. n. s. One thai values. 
Fell. 

VALVE §, valw n.s. [valva, Lat.] A folding door. 
Pope. Any thing that opens over the mouth of a 
vessel. Boyle. ' [In anatomy.] A kind of mem- 
brane, which opens in certain vessels to admit the 
blood, and shuts to prevent its regress. Arbulhnot. 

VA'LVULE, val'-vule. n. s. [Fr.] A small valve. 

VAMP, vamp. n. s. [avampies, old Span.] The upper 
leather of a shoe ; a sock. Coles. 

To VAMP$, vamp. v. a. [probably from the ancient 
Span, avampies.] To piece an old thing with some 
new part. Sliakspeare. 

VA'MPER, vamp'-ur. 98. n. s. One who pieces out 
an old thing with something new. 

To VA'MPER*, vamp'-ur. v. n. To vapour or swag- 
ger. Grose. 

VA'MPIRE*, vam'-plre. [See Umpire.] n. s. [vam- 
$nir, Germ.] A pretended demon, said to delight 
in sucking human blood, and to animate the bodies 
•of dead persons, which, when dug up, are said to 
be found florid and full of blood. Ricaut. A kind 
■of bat. Dr. Shaw. 

VAN §, van. n. s. [avant, Fr.] The front of an army; 
the first line. MiUop,. [ran, Fr. ; vannus, Lat.] 
Any thinjr spread wide by which a wind is raised ; 
a fan. Broome. A wing with which the air is 
beaten. Milton. 

To VAN, van. v. a. [vannus, Lat. ; vanner, Fr.] To 
fan ; to winnow. Bacon. Ob. J. 

VA'NCOURIER, van-kodr-yere'. n. s. [avant-courier, 
Fr.] A harbinger ; a precursor. Spenser. 

VA'NDALICK*, van'-da-llk. a. [from the Vandals. 
a fierce and rude people descended from the Goths.] 
Barbarous; resembling the character of the Van- 
dals. Warburton. 

VANDALISM*, van'-da-lfzm. n. s. The rude and 
barbarous state or character of the Vandals. Ld. 
Auckland. 

VANE, vane. n. s. [vaene, Dutch.] A plate hung on 
a pin to turn with the wind. Shakspeare. 

VANGUARD, van-gyard'. n. s. [avant-garde, Fr.] 
The front, or first line of the army. Bacon. 

VANI'LLA, va-nil'-la. n. s. [vanille, Fr.] A plant. 
Miller. 

To VA'NISH §, van'-fsh. v. n. [vanesco, Lat. ; evan- 
ouir. Fr.] To lose perceptible existence. Sidney. 
To pass away from the sight ; to disappear. Sliak. 
To pass away ; to be lost. Milton. 

VA'NISHED*, van'-isht. part. a. Having no percep- 
tible existence. Pope. 

VA'NITY, van'-e-te. n. s. [vanitas, Lat. ; vanite, Fr.] 
Emptiness; uncertainty; inanity. Eccl. i. Fruit- 
less desire ; fruitless endeavour. Sidney. Trifling 
labour. Raleigh. Falsehood; untruth. Sir J. Da- 
vies. Empty pleasure ; vain pursuit ; idle show ; 
unsubstantial enjoyment; petty object of pride. 
Hooker. Ostentation ; arrogance. Spenser. Pet- 
ty pride ; pride exerted upon slight grounds ; pride 
operating on small occasions. Dryden. 
To VANQUISH §, vangk'-wish. v. a. [vaincre, Fr.] 
To conquer ; to overcome ; to subdue. Shak. To 
confute. F. Atterbury. 

VA'NQUISHABLE*, vangk'-w?sh-a-bl. a. Conquer- 
able ; that may be overcome. Gayton. 



VANQUISHER, vangk'-wlsh-ur. n. s. Conqueror, 

subduer. Shakspeare. 

VANTAGE, van'-tadje.90. n.s. Gain ; profit. Sidney. 
Superiority ; state in which one has better means 
of action than another. Shak. Opportunity; con- 
venience. Sliakspeare. 

To VANTAGE, van'-tadje. v. a. [from advantage.] 
To profit. Spenser. Ob. J. 

VANTAGE-GROUND*, van'-tadje-grdund. n. s. 
Superiority ; state in which one has better means 
of action than another. South. 

VANTBRACE, vant'-brase. )n. s. [avant bras, 

VA'NTBRASS, vant'-bras. $ Fr.] Armour for 
the arm. SlwJcspeare. 

VA'PID$,vapMd. 544. a. [vapidus, Lat.] Dead; 
having the spirit evaporated ; spiritless ; mawkish ; 
flat. Phillips. 

VA'PIDNESS, vap'-?d-nes. n. s. The state of being 
spiritless or mawkish ; mawkishness. 

To VA'PORATE* vap'-6-rate. v. n. To emit va 
pours. Cockeram. 

VAPORA'TION, vap-6-ra'-shun. n. s. [Fr.; vapo- 
ratio, Lat.] The act of escaping in vapours. Biblioth. 
Bibl. i. 

VA'PORER, va'-pur-fir. 98, 166. n.s. A boasts ; a 
braggart. Gov. of the Tongue. 

VA'PORINGLY*, va'-p6r-?ng-le. ad. In a bully 
ing or bragging manner. 

VA PORISH, va°pur-Ish. 166. a. Vaporous; full of 
vapours. Sandys. Splenetick; peevish; humor- 
some. Pope. 

VAPOROUS, va'-pfir-us. a. [vaporeux, Fr.l Full 
of vapours or exhalations; fumy. Shak. Windy 
flatulent. Bacon. 

VA'POROUSNESS*, va'-pfir-us-nSs. n. s. Stale or 
quality of being vaporous. Hist. R. S. iii. 

VA'PORY*, va'-pur-e. a. Vaporous; abounding 
with vapours. Thomson. Peevish ; humorsome. 
Thomson. 

VA'POUR§, va'-pfir. 314. n. s. [vapeur, Fr.; vapor, 
Lat.] Any thing exhalable; any thing that mingles 
with the air. Chapman. Fume; steam. Dryden. 
Wind ; flatulence. Bacon. Mental fume ; vain 
imagination ; fancy unreal. Hammond. [In the 
plural.] Diseases caused by flatulence, or by dis- 
eased nerves; hypochondriacal maladies; melan- 
choly; spleen. Addison. 

To VA'POUR, va'-p&r. v. n. [vaporo, Lat.] To pass 
in a vapour or fume ; to fly off in evaporations. 
Donne. To emit fumes. Bacon. To bully; to 
brag. Hudibras. 

To VA'POUR, va'-pfir. v. a. To effuse, or scatter 
in fumes or vapour. Donne. 

VATOUREDVa'-pfird. a - Moist - Sackville. Splen- 
etick ; peevish. Green. 

VARE*, vare. n. s. [vara, Span.] A wand/»r staff 
of justice. Howell. 

VARIABLES, va'-re-a-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; variabilis, 
Lat.] Changeable ; mutable ; inconstant. Shak. 

VARIABLENESS, va'-re-d-bl-nes. n. s. Changea- 
bleness; mutability. James, i. Levity; inconstan- 
cy. Richardson. 

VA'RIABLY, va'-re-a-ble. ad. Changeably ; muta- 
bly; inconstantly; uncertainly. 

VA'RIANCE, va'-re-anse. n. s. [from vary.] Dis- 
cord ; disagreement ; dissension. Matthew. 

To VA'RIATE* va'-re-ate. v. a. [variatus, Lat.] 
To change ; to alter. Dean King. 

VARIATION, va-re-a'-shfin. n.s. [variatio, Lat.: 
variation, Fr.] Change; mutation; difference from 
itself. Hnyward. Difference ; change from one to 
another. Graunt. Successive change. Shak. [In 
grammar,] Change of termination of nouns. Watts. 
Change in natural phenomena. Woiton. Devia- 
tion. Fell.— Variation of the compass. Deviation 
of the magnetick needle from an exact parallel 
with the meridian. 

35° The a in the first syllable of this word, from the 
lengthening power of the succeeding vowels, continues 
long and slender, as in various. The same may be ob- 
served of variegation. Mr. Sheridan has given a in 
these two words the short sound of the Italian o, but 
992 



VAS 



VAU 



— n6, move, n6r, n6t ;— tube, tub, bill ;— oil ;— pound ;—th\n, THis. 



contrary to the analogy of English pronunciation. — 
See Principles, No. 534. W. 

VARICOUS, var'-e-kus. a. [varicosus, Lat.] Dis- 
eased with dilatation. Sharjx. 

To VA'R LEGATE*, va'-re-e-gate. v. a. [variega- 
tits, school Lat.] To diversify ; to stain with difler- 
enl colours. Woodward. 

J^r All our orthoepist9 are uniform in placing the accent 
on the first syllable of this word, and all sound the a 
as in vary, except Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Perry, and 
Buchanan, who give it the short sound, as in carry. 
That so great a master of English analogy as Mr. El- 
phiru* >n should here overlook the lengthening power 
of the vocal assemblage ie is not a little surprising. — 
Seo Principles, No. 196. W. 

VARIEGATION, va'-re-e-ga'-shun. n.s. Diversity 
of colours. Evelyn 

VARIETY, va-rl'-e-te. n.s. [variete, Fr.; varietas, 
Lat.] Change j succession of one thing to another 5 
intermixture of one thing with another. Millon. 
One thing of many by which variety is made : in 
this sense it has a plural. Raleigh. Difference ; 
dissimilitude. F. Atlerbury. Variation; deviation; 
change from a former state. Hale. Many and dif- 
ferent kinds. Laic. 

VARIOLOUS*, va-ri'-o-lfis. a. [variola, Lat.] Re- 
lating- to the disease called the smallpox. 

VARIOUS*, va'-re-us. 314. a. [varius, Lat.] Differ- 
ent; several; manifold. Millon. Changeable; un- 
certain; unfixed; unlike itself. Locke. Unlike each 
other. Millon. Variegated ; diversified. Milton. 

VA'RIOUSLY, va'-re-us-le. ad. In a various man- 
ner. Bacon. 

VA'IZIX, va'-riks. n. s. [Lat. ; varice, Fr.] A dilata- 
tion of the vein. Sluirpe. 

VA'RLET*,var'-l£t. n.s. [varlet, old Fr., now valet.] 
A page or knight's follower; any servant or attend- 
ant. Spenser. A term of reproach ; a scoundrel. 
Sliakspeare. 

VA'RLETRY, var'-let-tre. n.s. Rabble; crowd; 
populace. Sliakspeare. 

VARNISH*, var'-nlsh. n.s. [vermis, Fr. ; vernix, 
Lat.] A matter laid upon wood, metal, or other 
bodies, to make them shine. Sliakspeare. Cover ; 
palliation. 

To VA' FINISH, var'-nfsh. v. a. [vernisser, vernir, 
Fr.] To cover with something shining. Sidney. 
To cover ; to conceal or decorate with something 
ornamental. Milton. To palliate; to hide with 
colour of rhetorick. Denham. 

VA'RNTSHER, vir'-n?sh-ur. n. s. One whose trade 
is to varnish. Boyle. A disguiser; an adorner. 
Pope. 

VA'RVELS, var'-vilz. n. s. [verveUes, Fr.] Silver 
rings about the leg of a hawk, on which the own- 
er's name is engraved. See Vervels. 

To VA'RY *, va'-re. v. a. [varior, Lat. ; varier, Fr.] 
To change ; to make unlike itself. Millon. To 
make of different kinds. Brown. To diversify; 
to variegate. Millon. 

To VA'RY, va'-re. v.n. To be changeable; to ap- 
pear in different forms. S/iak. To be unlike each 
other. Collier. To alter; to become unlike itself. 
Bacon. To deviate; to depart. Locke. To suc- 
ceed each other. Addison. To disagree; to be at 
variance. Davies. To shift colours. Pope. 

VA'RY, va'-re. n. s. Change; alteration. Sliakspeare. 
Ob. J. 

VASCULAR*, vas'-ku-lar. 88. a. [vasculum, Lat.] 
Consisting of vessels; full of vessels. Arbuthnot. 

VASCULARITY*, vas-ku-lar'-e-le. n.s. State or 
quality of being vascular. Outlines of Anal. 

VASCULI'FEROUS, vas-ku-lff'-er-us. a. [vasculum 
and fero, Lat.] Such plants as have, besides the 
common calyx, a peculiar vessel to contain the seed. 
Quincy. 

VASE, vaze. n.s. [rase, Fr. ; vasa, Lat.] A vessel; 
generally a vessel rather for show than use. Pope. 
It is used for a solid piece of ornamental marble. 

J)3r Mr. Sheridan has pronounced this word so as to 
rhyme with bane, ease, &e. I have uniformly heard it 
pronounced with the * like z, and sometimes, by people 
12i 



P 



of refinement, with the a like aw ; but this, being too 
refined for the general ear, is now but seldom heard. 

Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr 
Smith, Mr. Perry, and Buchanan, pronounce the a long 
and slender, as I havo done, but with tho s as in case': 
Mr. Smith and W. Johnston give the a the same sound, 
and tho s the sound of 1 ; and Mr. Elphinston sounds i« 
as if written vauz ; but this, as Mr. Nares justly ob- 
serves, is an affected pronunciation. W. 

VA'SSAL *, vas'-sal. 88. n. s. [vassal, Fr. ; vassallo 
Ital. ; vassus, low Lat.] One who holds of a stipe 
riour lord. Swift. A subject ; a dependant. 
Hooker. A servant ; one who acts by the will of 
another. Shak. A slave ; a low wretch. Shak. 

To VA'SSAL*, vas'-sal. v. a. To subject ; to enslave ; 
to exercise command over. Fellham. 

VASSALAGE, vas'-sal-aje. 90. n.s. [vasselage, Fr.] 
The state of a vassal ; tenure at will ; servitude ; 
slavery; dependance. Spenser. 

VAST *, vast. 79. a. [vaste, Fr. ; vastus, Lat.] Large ; 
great. Clarendon. Viciously great; enormously 
extensive or capacious. B. Jonson. 

VAST, vast. n.s. [vastum, Lat.] An empty waste 
Sliakspeare. 

VASTA'TION, vas-ta'-shun. n.s. [vastalio, Lat.] 
Waste ; depopulation. Bp. Hall. 

VASTI'DITY, vas-tfcf-e-te. n.s. [vastitas, Lat.] 
Wideness ; immensity. Shak A barbarous word. 

VA'STLY, vast'-lc. ad. Greatly ; to a great degree. 
Temple. 

VA'STNESS, va.st'-ne's. n. s. Immensity ; enormous 
greatness. Waller. 

VA'STY, vast'-e. a. Large ; enormously great. Shak. 

VAT, vat. n. s. [vat, Dutch ; pat, Sax.] A vessel in 
which liquors are kept in the immature state. Shak. 

VA'TICIDE, vat'-e-slde. 143. n. s. [vales and cctdo, 
Lat.] A murderer of prophets. Pope. 

VATI'CINAL*, ya-l?s'-se-nal. a. [vaticinans, Lat.] 
Containing predictions. Warton. 

To VATI'CINATE*, va-lls'-se-nate. v.n. [v.aticinor, 
Lat.] To prophesy ; to practise prediction. Howell. 

VATICINATION*, vat-e-se-na'-shun. n. s. [old 
Fr. ; vaticinatio, Lat.] Prediction ; prophecy. Bent- 
ley. 

VA'UDEVIL, vrV-de-vil. n. s. [vaudeville, Fr.] A 
song common among the vulgar, and sung about 
the streets. A ballad ; a trivial strain. 

VAULT*, vawlt, or vawt. n. s. [voulle, Fr.; volta, 
Ital. ; valuta, low Lat.] A continued arch. Burnet. 
A cellar. Shak. A cave ; a cavern. Sandys. A 
repository for the dead. SlwJcspeare. 

05" Mr. Sheridan leaves out the I in this word, in the 
word vault, to leap, and all their compounds ; but my 
ear grossly deceives me if this I is ever suppressed, ex- 
cept in the sense of a cellar for wine, &c. In this I 
am supported by all our orthoepists from whom the 
sounds of the letter can be gathered; and Mr. Scott 
and Mr. Perry preserve the I in every word of this form, 
This, I think, is not agreeably to gQiieral usage with re- 
spect to the exception I have" given ; though I think it 
might be dispensed with for the sake of uniformity, es- 
pecially as the old French voult.e, the Italian volta, and 
the lower Latin valuta, from which the word is derived, 
have all of them the I ; nor do I think the preservation 
of it in the word in question would incur the least im- 
putation of pedantry. IV. 

To VAULT, vawlt. v.a. [vender, Fr.] To arch ; to 
shape to a vault. Shak. To cover with an arch. 
Milton,. 

To VAULT, vawlt. v.n. [voltiger, Fr.; volteggiare, 
Ital.] To leap; to jump. Slmk. To play the tum- 
bler, or posture-master. 

VAULT, vawlt. n. s. A leap ; a jump. 

VA'ULTAGE, vawit'-fdje. 90. n. s. Arched cellar. 
Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

VA'ULTED, vawlt'-eU a. Arched ; concave. Pope. 

VATJLTER, vawlt'-flr. 98. n. s. A leaper; a jump- 
er ; a tumbler. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

VA'ULTY, vawl'-te. a. Arched ; concave. Sluxk. 

To VAUNT*, vawnt. 216. v.a. [vanter, Fr.] To 
boast ; to display with ostentation. Spenser. 

fry- Mr. Nares is the only orthoepist who gives the diph- 
thong in this word and avaunt the same sound as in 
aunt ; but a few more such respectable judges, by setting 
993 



MMB 



VEH 



VEN 



O 3 559 .—Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, met}— pine, pin: 



the example, would reduce these words to their proper 
class ; till then the whole army of lexicographers and 
speakers, particularly on the stage, must be submitted 
to. 214. W. 

To VAUNT, vawnt. v. n. To play the braggart ; to 
talk with ostentation ; to make vain show; to boast. 
Shakspcare. 
VAUNT, vawnt. n. s. Brag; boast; vain ostentation. 

Spenser. 
VAUNT, vawnt. 2U.?i.s. [avant, Fr.] The first part. 

Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 

VAUNT-COURIER*, van-kS6r-yere'. n. s. {avant- 

courier, Fr.] A precursor. See Vancourier. 

Sliakspeare. 

VA UNTER, vawnt'-fir. n.s. [vanteur, Fr.] Boaster; 

braggart ; man given to vain ostentation. Spenser. 

VA'UNTFUL, vawnt'-ful. a. Boastful ; ostentatious. 

Spenser. 
VA'UNTINGLY, vawnt'-fng-le. ad. Boastfully ; os- 
tentatiously. Shakspeare. 
VA'UNTMURE^awnt'-mure. n. s. [avant mur, Fr.] 
A false wall ; a work raised before the main wall. 
Camden. 
VA'VASOUR, vav'-a-sur. n.s. [vavasseui; Fr.] 
One who, himself holding of a superiour lord, has 
others holding under him. Camden. 
V A' WARD, va'-ward. 88. n.s. [van and ward.] 

Fore part. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 
VEAL, vele. n. s. [veel, old Fr.] A calf. Ray. The 

flesh of a calf killed for the table. Gay. 
VECK*, v£k. n.s. [vecchia, Ital.; vehda, Lat.] An 

old woman. Chaucer. Ob. T. 

VE'CTION, vek'-shun. )n.s. [vectio, 

VECTITA'TION, vek-te-uV-shSn. \ vectito, Lat.] 

The act of carrying, or being carried. Arbuih- 

not. 

VE'CTURE, vek'-tshure. 461. n.s. [vectura, Lat.] 

Carriage. Bacon. 
To VEER§,vke. v.n. [iw,Fr.j To turn about. 

Milton. 
To VEER, vere. v. a. To let out. B. Jonson. To 

turn ; to change. Spenser. 
VEE'RING*, veer'-ing. n. s. Act of turning or 

changing. Addison. 
VEGETABILITY, veM-je-ta-bn'-e-te. n.s. Vege- 
table nature ; the quality of growth without sensa- 
tion. Brown. 
VE'GETABLE§, vgd'-je-ta-bl. n. s. [vegetabilis, 
school Lat.; vegetable, Fr.] Any thing that has 
growth without sensation, as plants. Hill. 
VEGETABLE, ved'-je-ta-bl. a. Belonging to a 
plant. Prior. Having the nature of plants. Milton. 
VE GETAL*, ved'-je-tal. a. [vegetal, FrJ Having 

power to cause growth. Bnrton. Ob. T. 
VE'GETAL*, ved'-je-tal. n, s. A vegetable. B. 

Jonson. 
To VE'GETATE, ved'-je-tate. v.n. [vegeto, Lat.] 
To grow as plants ; to shoot out ; to grow without 
sensation. Ray. 
VEGETA'TION, ved-je-uV-shun. n.s. [Fj. ; from 
vegeto, Lat.] The power of producing the growth 
of plants. Woodward. The power of growth 
without sensation. Hooker. 
VE'GETATIVE§, ved'-je-ta-llv. 512. a. [vegetatif, 
Fr.l Having the quality of growing without life. 
Raleigh. Having the power to produce growth in 
plants. Wilkins. 
VE'GETATIVENESS, vSd'-je-ta-tfv-nes. n. s. The 

quality of producing growth. 
VEGE'TE, ve-jete'. a. [vegetns, Lat.] Vigorous; ac- 
tive ; sprightly. Bp. Taylor 



VE'GETlVE, ved'-je-tiv. a. [vegeto, Lat.] Vegeta- 
of plants. Tusser. CaDa- 
rowing. Hakewill. 



ble ; having the nature 
ble of growth ; growing 

VE'GETIVE, ved'-je-tlv. n. s. A vegetable. Sandys. 

VE'GETOUS*, ve"d'-je-t5s. a. [vegetus, Lat.] Live- 
ly; sprightly; vegete. B. Jonson. 

VEHEMENCE, veMie-mense. )n. s. [vehementia, 

VE'HEMENCY, ve'-he-men-se. $ Lat.] Violence ; 
force. Milton. Ardour ; mental violence ; fervour. 
Hooker. 

VE HEMENT §, ve'-he-ment. a. [Fr. j vehemens, 



Lat.] Violent; forcible. Bacon. Ardent; eager; 
fervent. Shakspeare. 

VE'HEMENTLY, ve'-he-ment-le. ad. Forcibly. 
Pathetically; urgently. Tillotson. 

VE'HICLE $, ve'-he-kl. 405. n. s. [veJiiculunt, Lat.] 
That in which any thing is carried. Addison. That 
part of a medicine which serves to make the prin- 
cipal ingredient potable. Brown. That by means 
of which any thing is conveyed. L' Estrange. 

VEHICULAR* ve-hik'-u-lar. a. [vehiculum, Lat.] 
Belonging to a vehicle. Coles. 

VEIL §, vale. 249. n.s. [velum, Lat.] A cover to 
conceal the face. Spenser. A cover ; a disguise. 
Addison. 

To VEIL, vale. v. a. To cover with a veil, or any 
thing which conceals the face. Milton. To cover ; 
to invest. Milton. To hide ; to conceal. Pope. 

VEIN §, vane. 249. n. s. The veins are only a con- 
tinuation of the extreme capillary arteries reflected 
back again towards the heart, and uniting their 
channels as they approach it, till at last they all 
form three large veins. Quincy. Hollow ; cavity. 
Milton. Course of metal in the mine. Job, xxviii. 
Tendency or turn of the mind or genius. Waller. 
Favourable moment ; time when any inclination is 
predominant. Wotton. Humour; temper. Shak. 
Continued disposition. Temple. Current ; con- 
tinued production. Swift. Strain ; quality. Old- 
ham. Streak j variegation : as ; the veins of the 
marble. 

VETNED^van'd. 359. ) a. [veineux, Fr.] Full of 
) veins. Streaked ; varie- 



[veli 



eHfer, 
Evelyn. 



from 



VEINY, va'-ne 

gated. Mortimer, 
VELI'FEROUS*, ve-l?f-er-us 

velum and fero, Lat.] Carrying sails. Evelyr 
VELITA'TION*, vel-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. [velitatio,I.<H.] 

A skirmish ; a light contest ; a dispute. Burton. 
VELLE'ITY, vel-le'-e-te. n.s. [velleite\Fr.',velleitas, 

Lat.] The school term used to signify the lowest 

degree of desire. Locke. 
VE'LLET*, and VE'LLUTE*. See Velvet. 
| To VE'LLICATE §, vel'-le-kate. v. a. [vellico, Lat.] 

To twitch ; to pluck ; to act by stimulation. Bacon. 
VELLICA'TION, vej-le-ka'-shun. n.s. [vellicatio, 

Lat.] Twitching ; stimulation. Bacon. 
VE'LLUM, veY-lum. n. s. [velin, Fr. ; vetulinum, 

low Lat.] The skin of a calf dressed for the writer; 

a fine kind of parchment. Wiseman. 
I VELOCITY, ve-los'-e-te. n. s. [velocity, Fr. ; veloci- 

tas, Lat.] Speed ; swiftness ; quick motion. Bent- 
ley. 
VE'LVET§, vel'-vlt. 99. n.s. [velous, velours, Fr. ; 

veluio, Ital.] Silk with a short fur or pile upon it. 

VE'LVET, veT-vft. a. Made of velvet. Shakspeare 
Soft; delicate. Shakspeare. 

To VELVET, vel'-vit. v. n. To paint velvet. 
Peacliam. 

VELVETE'EN*, vel-ve-leen'. n. s. [velutino, Ital.] 
A kind of stuff, made in imitation ofvelvet. 

VE'LURE, ve-lrW. n.s. [velours, Fr.] Velvet. 
Shakspeare. 

VENAL, ve'-nal. 88. a. [Fr. ; venalis, Lat.] Merce- 
nary ; prostitute. Pope, [from vein.] Contained in 
the veins : a technical term. Ray. 

VENA'LITY, ve-nal'-e-te. n. s. [venalite, Fr.] Mer- 
cenariness ; prostitution. 

VE NARY*, ven'-a-re. a. [venarium, low Lat.] Re- 
lating to hunting. 

VENA TICAL $*, ve-nat'-e-kal. ) a. [venaticus. Lat.] 

VENA'TICK$, ve-nat'-lk. 509. $ Used in hunting. 
Howell. 

VENATION, ve-na'-shun. n. s. [venatio, Lat.] The 
act or practice of hunting. Brown. 

To VEND $, vend. v. a. [vendre, Fr. ; vendo, Lat.] 
To sell ; to offer to sale. Boyle. 

VENDE'E, ven-dee 7 . n.s. One to whom anything 
is sold. Ayliffe. 

VE'NDER, vend'-fir. 98. n, s. [vendeur, Fr.] A sel- 
ler. Graunt. 

VE'NDIBLE $, vend'-e-bl. 405. a. [vendibilis, Lat.] 
Saleable: marketable. Sliaksvear*. 
994 



VEN 



VEN 



— n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — dll ; — p6flnd ; — thin, THis. 



s. Any thiug offered to 
s. The state 



[veneficium, Lat.] 



VENDIBLE*, vend'-e-bl 
sale. Life of A. Wood. 

VE'NDIBLENESS, vend'-e-bl -nes 
of being saleable. Sherwood. 

VE'NDIBLY^'end'-e-ble. ad. In a saleable manner. 
Shenoood. 

VENDITATION, vend-e-ta'-sh&u. ?i.s. [venditatio, 
Lat.] Boastful display. B. Jonson. 

VENDI'TION, vSn-dlsh'-un. n.s. [Fr. ; vendiiio, 
Lat J Sale; the act of selliug. 

To VEN E'ER, ve-neer 7 . v. a. [Among cabinet-ma- 
kers.] To make a kind of marquetry or inlaid 
work, whereby several thin slices of fine woods of 
different sorts are fastened or glued on a ground 
of some common wood. Bailey. 

^CT This word is, by cabinet-makers, pronounced f enter ; 
but here, as in similar cases, the scholar will lose no 
credit by pronouncing the word as it is written. See 
Boatswain. W. 

VE'NEFICE $, ven'-e-fk 142. «. 
The practice of poisoning. 

VENEFI'CIAL, veu-e-flsh'-al. a. Acting by poison ; 
bewitching. Brown. 

VENEFI'CIOUSLY, vSn-A-fish'-us-le. ad. By poi- 
son or witchcraft. Brown. 

YE'NEMOUS, veV-e-m&s. a. [venin, Fr.] Poison- 
ous. Commonly, though not better, venomous. 
Acts, xxviii. 

To VENE'NATE$, ven'-e-nate. v. a. [veneno, Lat.] J 
To poison ; to infect with poison. Harvey. 

isT" I" the first edition of this [Walker's] dictionary 1 1 
accented this word on the first syllable, contrary to the | 
example of Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Sheridan ; ! 
but, upon a revisal of tho various analogies of ! 
accentuation, was inclined to think this accentuation I 
somewhat doubtfuh The word veneno, from which 
this is formed, has the penultimate long; and in verbs J 
of this termination, derived from the Latin, and pre- 1 
serving the same number of syllables, we often preserve 
the same accent, as in arietate, coacervate, denigrate, 
&.c. ; but t his is so often neglected in favour of the an- 
tepenultimate accent, as in decorate, defatigate, dele- 
gate, desolate, &c, that general usage seems evidently 
leaning to this side ; and as in perpetrate and emigrate, 
from perpetro and emigro, where the penultimate vow- 
el is doubtful, we always place the accent on the ante- 
penultimate ; so, in this and similar words, where cus- 
tom does not decide, I would always recommend a sim- 
ilar accentuation. See Principles, No. 503, (■«.) W. 

VENT/NATE* ven'-e-nate, or ve-ne'-nate. part. a. 
Infected with poison. Woodward. 

VENENATION, ven-e-na'-sh&n. n. s. Poison 5 
venom. Brown. 

VENE'NE, ve-nene'. ) a. [veneneux, Fr.] 

VENE'NOSE,ven-e-n6se\ 427. \ Poisonous; ven- 
omous. Harvey. 

VENERABI'LITY*, ve*n-e>-a-bn'-e-te. n.s. State 
or quality of being venerable. More. 

VENERABLE §, veV-er-a-bl. 405, 555. a. [Fr. ; 
renerabilis, Lat.] To be regarded with awe ; to be 
treated with reverence. Hooker. 

VE'NERABLENESS* ven'-e>-a-bl-n&. n. s. State 
or quality of being venerable. South. 

VE'NERABLY, ven'-er-a-ble. ad. In a manner that 
excites reverence. Addison. 

To VE'NERATE, ven'-er-ate. v. a. [venerer, Fr. ; 
veneror, Lat.] To reverence ; to treat with ven- 
eration ; to regard with awe. Herbert. 

VENERATION, vgn-Sr-a'-shfin. n.s. [Fr. ; venera- 
tio, Lat.] Reverend regard ; awful respect. Locke. 

VE'NERATOR, ven'-e>-a-tur. 521. n.s. Reverencer. 
Bp. Taylor. 

VENE'REAL, ve-ne'-re-al. a. [venereus, Lat.] Re- 
lating to love, or rather lust. Shak. Consisting of 
copper, called tvnus by chymists. Boyle. 

VENE'REAN* ve-ne'-re-an. a. Venereal. Howell. 
Ob. T. • 

VENE'REOUS, ve-ne'-re-fis. a. Libidinous ; lustful. 
Derham. 

VE'NEROUS*, veV-Sr-os. a. Venereous. Burton. 
Oh. T. 

VE'NERY $, ven'-gr-e. 555. n. s. [venerie, Fr.] The 
sport of hunting. Spenser, [from Venus.] The 
pleasures of the bed. Grew. 



VENESE'CTION, ve-ne-sSk'-shfin. n. s. [vena and 
sectio, Lat.l Blood-letting ; the act of opening a 
vein; phlebotomy. Wiseman. 

VE'NE Y, ve'-ne. ) n. s. [venez, Fr.] A bout ; a turn 

VE'NEW*, ve'-nu. \ at fencing, a thrust 5 a hit. 
Sfiakspeare. 

To VENGE$, v&nie. v. a. [venger, Fr.] To avenge ; 
to punish. Bp. Fisher. 

VE'NGEABLE, ven'-ja-bl. a. Revengeful ; mali- 
cious. Bp. Fisher. 

VE'NGEANCE§,ven'-janse. 244. n.s. [Fr.] Punish- 
ment ; penal retribution ; avengement. Hooker. 
It is used in familiar language. — To do with a ven- 
geance, is to do with vclxemence. Raleigh. 

VENGEFUL, venje'-fal. a. Vindictive ; revenge- 
ful ; retributive. Milton. 

VE'NGEMENT*, venje'-ment. n. s. [old Fr.] 
Avengement; penal retribution. Spenser. 

VE'NGER*, veV-j&r. n. s. An avenger ; one who 
punishes. Spenser. 

VE'NIABLE^ve'-ne-a-bl. )a. [ivniel, Fr. ; from 

VE'NIAL$, ve'-ne-al. 88. \ venia, Lat.l Pardon- 
able ; susceptible of pardon 3 excusable. Sha/c. 
Permitted ; allowed. Milton. 

VE'NIALNESS, ve'-ne-al-nes. n. s. State of being 
excusable. 

VE'NISON, veV-za, or veV-e-zn. n.s. [venaison 
Fr.] Game ; beast of chase ; the flesh of deer. Shak 

85= A shameful corruption of this word, by entirely sink 
ing the i, has reduced it to two syllables. Mr. Sheri 
dan pronounces it in three ; Dr. Kenrick gives it in 
three, but tells us it is usually heard in two. Mr. Scott 
gives it both ways ; Mr. Perry only as it is contracted ; 
and Mr. Elphinston supposes the i in this word as much 
lost as in business. 

It is highly probable this corruption is of long standing ; 
for, though Shakspeare, in As You Like It, says, 
" Come, shall we go and kill us venison ?" 

Yet Chapman pronounces this word in two syllables, 
" To our ven'son's store 
" We added wine till we could wish no more." 

And Dryden after him, 

" He for the feast prepar'd, 
" In equal portions with the ven'son shar'd." 

To these instances we may add an excellent poet of our 
own time : 

" Gorgonius sits abdominous and wan, 
" Like a fat squab upon a Chinese fan : 
" He snuffs far offth' anticipated joy ; 
" Turtle and ven'son all his thoughts employ." 

Poetrv will ever consider this word, like many others, 
either a3 of two or three syllables ; but solemn prose, 
such as the language of Scripture, will always give tho 
word its due length. For, ho*wever we may be accus- 
tomed to hear ven'son in common conversation, what 
disgust would it not give us to hear this word in the 
pulpit, when Isaac says to his son, 

" Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiv- 
er, and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me 
some ven'son !" 

In short, my opinion is, that this word, in spite of the gen- 
eral corruption, ought always to be pronounced in three 
syllables by correct speakers, and that the contraction 
should be left to the poets. W. 

VE'NOM$, ven'-fim. 166. n.s. \yenin, Fr.] Poison. 
Shahi])eare. 

To VE'NOM, veV-fim. v. a. To infect with venom ; 
to poison ; to envenom. P. Fletcher. 

VE'NOMOUS, veV-um-us. a. Poisonous. Sliakspeare. 
Malignant ; mischievous. Brown. 

VENOMOUSLY, veV-fim-fis-le. ad. Poisonously; 
mischievously ; malignantly. Shakspeare. 

VE'NOMOUSNESS,ven'-um-&s-nes. n.s. Poison- 
ousness; malignity. 

VENT§ ; v^nt. n. s. [fnte, Fr.] A small aperture ; 
a hole ; a spiracle ; passage at which any thing is 
let out. Shak. Passage out of secrecy to publick 
notice. Wotton. The act of opening. Phillips. 
Emission; passage. Addison. Discharge; means 
of discharge. Milton, [vente, Fr. ; vendiiio, Lat.] 
Sale. Hayward. [venta, Span.] An inn ; a baiting 
place. Shelton. 

To VENT, vent. v. a. [venter, Fr. ; sventare, Ital.] To 
let out at a small aperture ; to ive a vent or open- 
995 



VEN 



VER 



(D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;- 



pa 
VE 



ing to. Spenser. To let out; to give way to. 
Sliak. To utter ; to report. Stephens. To emit ; 
to pour out. Shak. To publish. Raleigh. To 
sell ; to let go to sale. Carew. 
To VENT, vent. v. n. To snuff: as, He venteth into 

the air. Spenser. 
VENTAGE*, ven'-tfdje. 90. n.s. A small hole. 

Shakspeare. Ob. T. 
VENTAIL,veV-tale. ».s. [ventaiUe, old Fr.] That 
part of the helmet made to lift up ; the breathing 
part of the helmet. Spenser. 
IZNTA'NNA, ven-tan'-na. n. s. [Span.] A win- 
dow. Dryden. 
VENTER, ven'-tur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] Any cavity of 
the body : chiefly applied to the head, breast, and 
abdomen, which are called by anatomists the three 
venters. Womb ; mother. Hale. 
VENTER*, ven'-t&r. n. s. One who utters, reports, 

or publishes. Barrow. 
VENTIDUCT, ven'-te-dukt. n. s. [ventus and duc- 
tus, Lat.] A passage for the wind. Boyle. 
To VENTILATES, veV-te-late. v.a. [ventilo, Lat. ; 
ventiller, old Fr.] To fan with wind. Harvey. To 
winnow ; to fan. Cockeram. To examine ; to dis- 
cuss. Ayliffe. 
VENTILA'TION, ven-te-la'-sh&n. n.s. [ventilalio, 
Lat.l The act of fanning ; the state of being fanned. 
Addison. Vent ; utterance. Wotton. Refrigera- 
tion. Harvey. Examination ; discussion. Abp. 
Sancrofl. 
VE'NTILATOR, ven'-te-la-tur. 521. n.s. An instru- 
ment contrived by Dr. Hale to supply close places 
with fresh air. 
VENTO'SITY*, ven-t&s'-e-te. n. s. [ventosite, Fr. ; 

ventosus, Lat.] Windiness. Bacon. 
VENTRAL*, ven'-tral. a. [from venter.], Belonging 

to the belly. Chambers. 
VENTRICLE, ven'-tre-kl. 405. n.s. [ventrkule, 
Fr. ; ventriculus, Lat.] The stomach. Hale. Any 
small cavity in an animal body, particularly those 
of the heart. Donne. 
VENTRFLOQUISM*, ven-tril'-6-kw?zm. ) m 
VENTRFLOQUY*, ven-trll'-o-kwe. 518. \ 

[ventriloque. Fr. ; ventriloquus, Lat. ; venter and 
loquor, Lat.] The act of speaking inwardly, so that 
the sound seems to issue from the belly ; the art of 
forming speech, by drawing the air into the lungs, 
so that the voice, proceeding out of the thorax, to a 
by-slander seems to come from some distance, or 
in anv direction. Cliambers. 
VENTRFLOQUIST, ven-tr?l'-l6-kw?st. 518. n. s. 
One who speaks in such a manner as that the sound 
seems to issue from his belly. Chambers. 
VENTRFLOQUOUS*, ven-trlF-6-kwus. «. Emitting 

sound as a ventriloquist. White. 
VENTURER veV-tshure. 461. n. s. [avanture, Fr.] 
A hazard ; an undertaking of chance and danger. 
South. Chance ; hap. Bacon. The thing put to 
hazard ; a stake. Shak. — At a venture. At haz- 
ard ; without much consideration ; without any 
thing more than the hope of a lucky chance. Spens. 
To VENTURE, ven'-tshure. v. v.. To dare. Bacon. 
To run a hazard. Dryden. — To venture at. To 
venture on or upon. To engage in ; or make at- 
tempts without any security of success, upon mere 
hope. Bacon. 
To VE'NTURE, ven'-tshure. v.a. To expose to haz- 
ard. Shakspeare. To put or send on a venture. 
Carew. To trust ; to rely on. Addison. 
VENTURER, v§n'-lshur-ur. 555. n. s. One who 

ventures. Higgins. 
VENTURESOME, ven'-tshur-s&m. a. Bold ; dar- 
ing. 
VENTURESOMELY, ven'-tshur-s5m-le. ad. In a 

bold or daring manner. 
VENTURING*, ven'-tshur-fng. n. s. The act of put- 
ting to hazard ; the act of running risk. Ld. Hali- 
fax. 
VENTUROUS, ven'-tshur-us. 314. a. Daring; bold; 

fearless ; ready to run hazards. Bacon. 
VENTUROUSLY, ven'-tshur-fis-le. ad. Daringly ; 
fearlessly; boldly. Bacon. 



oeare. 

V Basin. -\ 
>' Cfmb. ( 

¥ Hair. \ n. 

V Looking-glass. \ 

V Navel-wort. ) 



VENTUROUSNESS, ven'-tshur-fis-nes. n.$. Bold 
ness : willingness to hazard. Boyle. 

VENUE*, ven'-u. n.s. [visne { old Fr.; mcinium, 
Lat.] [In law.] A neighbouring place. Cowel A 
thrust; a hit. See Veney. 

VE'NUS*, ve'-nus. n. s. [Lat.] One of the planets 
Shakspeare. 

VENUS' Basin. 

VENUS' 

VENUS' Hair. > n. s. Plants. Stukeley. 

VENUS' " 

VENUS' 

VENU'ST*, ve-n&st'. a. [venuste, old Fr. ; venustus, 
Lat.] Beautiful; amiable. Water-house. Ob. T. 

VERACIOUS, ve-ra'-sh&s. 357. a. [verax, Lat.] 
Observant of truth. Barrow. 

VERACITY, ve-ras'-e-te. n. s. [verax, Lat.] Mora, 
truth ; honesty of report. In strict propriety, rerari- 
ty is applicable only to persons, and signifies not 
physical but moral truth. Bryant. Physical truth; 
consistency of report with fact : less proper. Addison. 

VERA'NDA*, ve-ran'-da. n. s. A word adopted 
from the East, where it means the covering of a 
house extended beyond the main pile of building, 
and forming, by a sloping roof, external passages ; 
a kind of open portico. 

VERB§, verb. n.s. [verbe, Fr. ; verbum, Lat.] A part 
of speech signifying existence, or some modifica- 
tion thereof, as action, passion. Clarke. A word. 
South. 

VE'RBAL, verb'-al. 88. a. [Fr.; verbalis, Lat.] 
Spoken, not written. Oral; uttered by mouth. 
Sliak. Consisting in mere words. Milton. Ver- 
bose ; full of words. Shak. Minutely exact in 
words. Pope. Literal; having word answering 
to word. Denham. A verbal noun is a noun deriv- 
ed from a verb. 

VERBA'LITY, ver-bal'-e-te. n.s. Mere words; bare 
literal expression. Brown. 

To VE'RBALIZE*, ver'-bal-lze. v. a. To make a 
verb ; to turn into a verb. Instruct, for Oral. 

VE'RBALLY, ver'-bal-e. ad. In words; orally. 
South. Word for word. Dryden. 

VERBATIM, vSr-ba'-tlm. ad. [Lat.] Word for 
word. Shakspeare. 

To VE RBERATE §, ver'-ber-ate. 94. v. a. [verbero. 
Lat.] To beat ; to strike. Abp. Sancroft. 

VERBERA'TION, ver-ber-a'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] 
Blows ; beating. Arlmthnot. 

VERBIAGE*, veV-be-aje. n.s. [Fr.] Verbosity j 
much emptv writing or discourse. Johnson. 

VERBO'SE §. ver-b6se / . 427. a. [verbosus, Lat.] Ex- 
uberant in vvords ; prolix ; tedious by multiplicity 
of words. Ayliffe. 

VERBO'SITY, ver-b&s'-e-te. n. s. [verbosite, Fr.] 
Exuberance of words ; much empty talk. Shak. 

VE'RDANCY^ver'-dian-se.n.s. Greenness. Norvi*. . 

VE'RDANT, veV-dant. a. [verdoiant, Fr. ; viridam, 
Lat.] Green. Milton. 

VE'RDERER, ver'-der-ur. 555. n. s. [verdier, Fr. j 
viridarius, low Lat.] An officer in the forest. How- 
ell, 

VE'RDICT, ver'-dlkt. n. s. [old Fr. ; verum dictum, 
Lat.] The determination of the jury declared to 
the judge. Spenser. Declaration ; decision ; judge- 
ment ; opinion. Hooker. 

VE'RDIGRIS, ver'-de-grees. 112. n. s. The rust of 
brass, which in time, bei.ig consumed and eaten 
with tallow, turns into green, [vert de gris, Fr.] 
Bacon. 

VE'RDITER, ver'-de-tfir. n.s. Chalk made green. 
Peacham. 

VE'RDITUREf, veV-de-ture. n.s. The faintest and 

VE^RDU^RE^ver'-jure. 461, 376. n. s. [Fr.] Green; 

green colour. Milton. 
VE'RDUROUS, veV-ju-rfis. 314. a. Green; covered 

with green ; decked with green. Drayton. 
VE'RECUND, ver'-e-kfind. )a. [vere- 

VERECUNDIOUS*, ver-e-kfin'-de-us. $ cond, old 

Fr. ; verecundus. Lat.l Modest ; bashful. Wotton. 
VERECUNDITY*. ver-e-kfiu'-de-t6 n.s. \vtre~ 
' 996 



VER 



VER 



-no, mfive, nAr, nAt; — tube, tab, bfill; — AH; — pAAnd; — thin, THis. 



cwviia, Lat.] Bashfulaess ; modesty ; blushing. 
Lemon. 
VERGER vArje. n.s. [Fr. ; virga, Lat.] A rod, or 
something in form of a rod, carried as an emblem 
of authority ; the mace of a dean. Swift, [vergo, 
Lat.l The brink; the edge; the utmost border. 
Shak. [In law.] The compass about the king's 
court, bounding the jurisdiction of the lord steward 
of the king's household, and of the coroner of the 
king's house, and which seems to have been twelve 
miles round. A stick, or rod, whereby one is ad- 
mitted tenant, and, holding it in his hand, sweareth 
fealty to the lord of the manor. Cowel. 
To VERGE, vgrie. r. n. [vergo, Lat.] To tend ; to 

bend downwards. Holder. 
VERGER, veV-jftr. 98. n. s. [old Fr.] He that car- 
ries the mace before the dean. Farquhar. 
VERFDICAL, ve-rfd'-e-kal. a. [veridicus, Lat.] 

Telling truth. Diet. 
VERIFIABLE*, veY-e-fl-a-bl. a. That may be veri- 
fied ; that may be confirmed by incontestable evi- 
dence. Smith.' 
VERIFICATION, ver-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. Confir- 
mation by argument or evidence. Bp. Taylor. 
VERIFIER, veV-e-fl-or. n. s. One who assures a 

thing to be true. 
To VERIFY $, veV-e-fl. v. a. [verifier, Fr.] To jus 
tify against charge of falsehood; to confirm; to 
prove true. Hooker. 
VERILY, veV-e-le. ad. In truth ; certainly. Shak. 

With great confidence. Bacon. 
VERISFMILAR, ver-e-sim'-e-lar. 88. ) a. [verisimi- 
VERISFMILOUS, veY-e-sim'-e-lus. \ lis, Lat.] 

Probable; likely. White. 
VERISIMILITUDE, ver-e-slm-mil'-e-tude. ? 
VERISIMFL1TY, vAr-e-s?m-m?l'-e-te. \ n ' *■ 

[verisimilitude, Lat.] Probability; likelihood; re- 
semblance of truth. Brown. 
VERITABLE, ver'-e-ta-bl. 405. a. [veritable, Fr.] 

True ; agreeable to fact. Sliakspeare. 

VERITABLY, veV-e-ta-ble. ad. In a true manner. 

VE'RITY, veV-e-te. n. s. [verite, Fr. ; Veritas, Lat.] 

Truth ; consonance to the reality of things. Hooker. 

A true assertion; a true tenet. Sidney. Moral 

truth ; agreement of the words with the thoughts. 

VE'RJUICE, veV-jfis. n. s. [verjus, Fr.] Acid liquor 

expressed from crab-apples. Dryden. 
VE'RMEIL*. See Vermil. 
VERMICELLI, ver-me-tsheM'-e. n. s. [Ital.] A 
paste rolled and broken in the form of worms. 
Prior. 

{py This word is perfectly Italian, and may be pardoned 
in irregularity, because, like several other foreign words, 
being confined to a small circle, they are like so many 
excrescences on the surface of the language, which dis- 
figure without corrupting it. — See Principles, No. 338. 
W. 

VERMFCULAR, ver-mik'-u-lar. 88. a. [vermiculus, 
Lat.] Acting like a worm ; continued from one 
part to another of the same body. Clmjne. 

To VERMFCULATE, vgr-mlk'-u-late. v. a. [ver- 
micule, Fr. ; vermiculatus , Lat.] To inlay ; to work 
in checker work, or pieces of divers colours. Bai- 

VERMICULA'TION, veV-mflc-u-la'-sh&n. n. s. Con- 
tinuation of motion from one part to another. Hale. 

VE'RMICULE. veV-me-kule. n. s. [venniculus, ver- 
mis, LatJ A little grub, or worm. DerJiam. 

VERMFCULOUS, ver-mik'-u-l&s. a. [vermieulosus, 
Lat.l Full of grubs ; resembling grubs. 

VE RMIFORM, veV-me-fArm. a. [vermiforme, Fr. ; 
vermis and formo, Lat.] Having the shape of a 
worm. 

VE'RMIFUGE, veV-me-fudje. n. s. [vermis and 
fugo, Lat.] Any medicine that destroys or expels 
worms. 

VERMIL, TeV-mu. }n. s. [vermeil, 

VERMFLION, veV-nuY-yftn. 113. £ vermilion, Fr.] 

VERMILY*,veV-me-le. ) The cochineal ; 

a grub of a particular plant. Factitious or native 
cinnabar ; sulphur mixed with mercury. Spenser. 
Any beautiful red colour. Spenser 



To VERMFLION, vAr-mil'-yon. v. a. To dye red 

Granville. 

VERMIN $, veV-mln. 140. n. s. [Fr. ; vermis, Lat.l 
Any noxious animal : used commonly for smart 
creatures. Shak. It is used in contempt of human 
beings. Hudibras. 
To VERMIN ATE $, veV-me-nite. v.n. To breed 
vermin. Biblioth. Bibl. 

VERMINA'TION, vAr-me-na'-shan. n.s. Genera- 
tion of vermin. Derham. 

VE'RMINOUS, veV-m?n-fis. a. Tending to vermin ; 
disposed to breed vermin. Harvey. 

VERMFPAROUS, vAr-mlp'-pa-rfis. a. [vermis and 
pario, Lat.] Producing worms. Brown. 

VERNACULAR, ver-nak'-u-lar. a. [vernaculus, 
Lat.] Native; of one's own country. Harvey. 

VERNA'CULOUS*, veV-nak'-u-lfis. a. [vemaculus, 
Lat.] Vernacular. Sir T. Brown. Scoffing : a 
Latinism. B. Jonson. Ob. T. 

VE RNAL, veV-nal. 88. a. [vernus, Lat.] Belonging 
to the spring. Milton. 

VE'RNANT, veV-nant. a. [vernans, Lat.] Flourish- 
ing as in the spring. Milton. 

To VE'RNATE*, veV-nate. v. n. [yerno, Lat.] To 
be vernant ; to become young again. Cockeram. 

VERNFLITY, veV-nll'-e-te. n. s. [verm, Lat.] Ser- 
vile carriage ; the submissive, fawning behaviour 
of a slave. Bailey. 

VERSABFLITY, ver-sa-bft'-e-tc. ) n. s. [versabil- 

VERSABLENESS,veV-sa-bl-nes. \ *, Lat.] Apt- 
ness to be turned or wound any way. Diet. 

VE'RSABLE$*,veV-sa-bl.a. [versabilis, Lat.] That 
may be turned. Cockeram. 

VE'RSAL, veV-sal. 88. a. [a cant word for univer- 
sal.] Total ; whole. Hudibras. 

VERSATILE $, veV-sa-tfl. 145. a. [versatilis, Lat.] 
That may be turned round. Harte. Changeable j 
variable. Glanville. Easily applied to a new 
task. 

VERSATILENESS, vAr'-sa-tfl-nes. ) n. s. The 

VERSATILITY, veV-sa-tll'-e-te. \ q«a»ty of 
being versatile. Dr. Warton.. 

VERSE §, verse, n. s. [vers, Fr. ; versus, Lat.] A line 
consisting of a certain succession of sounds, and 
number of syllables. Sliak. [verset, Fr.] A section 
or paragraph of a book. Burnet. Poetry ; lays ; 
metrical language. Donne. A piece of poetry. 
Pope. 

To VERSE, verse, v. a. To tell in verse ; to relate 
poetically. Shakspeare. 

To be VE RSED, verst. 359. v. n. [versor, Lat.] To 
be skilled in ; to be acquainted with. Brown. 

VE RSEMAN, vArs'-man. 88. n. s. A poet ; a writer 
in verse, in ludicrous language. Prior. 

VE'RSER*, vAr'-sar. n. s. A maker of verses j a 
mere versifier. B. Jonson. 

VE'RSICLE, veV-se-kl. n. s. [versiculus, Lat.] A 
little verse. Skelion. 

VERS1COLOUR*, veV-se-kul-flr. > 

VE'RSICOLOURED*, vAr'-sA-kfll-flrd. \ a ' 
[versicolor, Lat.] Having various colours ; change^ 
able in colour. Burton. 

VERSIFICA'TION §, vAr-se-fe-ka'-shfln. n.s. [Fr.] 
The art or practice of making verses. Dryden. 

VERSIFICATOR, veV-se-fe-ka'-tAr. J n.s. [versifi 

VERSIFIER, ver'-se-f 1-ur. 183. \ catettr, Fr. ; 

versificator, Lat.] A versifier; a maker of verses 
with or without the spirit of poetry. Dryden. 

To VE'RSIFY, ver'-se-f I. v. n. [versifier, Fr. j ver- 
sificor, Lat.] To make verses. Sidney. 

To VE'RSIFY, veV-se-fi. 183. v. a. To relate in 
verse ; to represent in verse. Daniel. 

VERSION, veV-shfin. n.s. [Fr. ; versio, Lat.] 
Change ; transformation. Bacon, Change of di- 
rection. Bacon. Translation. Dryden. The act 
of translating. 

VERST*, verst. n.s. [Russian.] About three quar- 
ters of an English mile. Milton. [212 1-5 rods.] 

VERT, vArt. n. s. [Fr.] Vert, in the laws of the for- 
est, signifies every thing that grows, and bears a 
green leaf, within the forest, that may cover and hide 
a deer. CoweL [In heraldry.] The cole w green 
997 





VER VEX 






O 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;— 





VE'RTEBRAL, ver'^e-bral. 88. a. [vertebrae, Lat.] 
Relating <o the joints of the spine. Ray. 

VE'RTEBRE, veV-te-bur. n.s. [Fr. ; vertebra, Lat.] 
A joint df the back. Ray. 

$£r This word is perfectly anglicised, and therefore 
ought to have its last syllable pronounced according to 
English analogy, like centre, sceptre, mitre, &.c— See 
Principles, No. 416. There is a common mistake in 
the use of the Latin word from which this is derived, 
which it may not be improper to rectify. Vertebra is 
not unfrequently used to signify the whole collection of 
joints which form the back bone, while in reality it 
means only one of those joints : the plural is vertebra, 
and this ought to be used for the whole spine, if we de- 
nominate it by a Latin word; but if we speak English, 
it ought to be vertebres, and pronounced as if written 
verteburs. W. 

VERTEX, veV-tgks. n. s. [Lat.] Zenith j the 
point over head. Creech. The top of a hill ; the 
top of any thing. Derliam. 

VE'RTICAL§, veV-te-kal. 88. a. [Fr.] Placed in 
the zenith. Thomson. Placed in a direction per- 
pendicular to the horizon. Cheytie. 

VERTICA'LITY, ver-te-kal'-e-te. n. s. The state 
of being in the zenith. Brown. 

VERTICALLY, ver'-te-kal-e. ad. In the zenith. 
Brown. 

VE'RTICALNESS* ver'-te-kal-nes. n. s. The state 
of being vertical. Ash'. 

VERTICFLLATE, ver-te-silMate. a. [verticillum, 
Lat.] Verticillate plants are such as have then- 
flowers intermixed with small leaves growing in a 
kind of whirls about the joints of a stalk, as penny- 
royal, hoarhound, &c. Quincy. 

VERTI'CITY, ver-tis'-e-te. n. s. [from vertex.] 
The power of turning} circumvolution; rotation. 
Brown. 

VE'RTICLE*. veV-te-kl. n. s. [verticulum, Lat.] An 
axis; a hinge. Waterhouse. 

VERTIGINOUS. veV-tId'-j?n-fis. a. [vertiginosus, 
Lat.] Turning round; rotatory. Bentley. Giddy. 
Burton. 

VERTIGINOUSNESS*, ver-t?d'-j?n-us-ngs. n. s. 
Unsteadiness. Bp. Taylor. 

VE'RTIGO, v£r-tl'-g6, ver-te'-go, or ver'-te-g6. 
112. n. s. [Lat.] A giddiness ;"a sense of turning 
in the head. Quincy. 

§5" This word is exactly under the same predicament 
as serpigo and lentigo. If we pronounce it learnedly, 
we must place the accent in the first manner, 503; if 
we pronounce it modishly, and wish to smack of the 
French or Italian, we must adopt the second ; but if we 
follow the genuine English analogy, we must pronounce 
it in the last manner. — See Principles, No. 112. 

The authorities for the first pronunciation are, Mr. El- 
phinston, Mr. Sheridan, Bailey, and Entick; for the 
second, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, and W. 
Johnston ; and for the third, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. 
Perry, Buchanan, Barclay, [Jones] and Fenning. This, 
too, was Swift's pronunciation, as we see by Dr. John- 
son's quotation : 

" And that old vertigo in's head 

" Will never leave him till he's dead." 

In this word we see the tendency of the accent to its true 
centre in its ow~ language. Vertigo, with the accent 
011. the t, and that pronounced long as in title, has so 
Latin a sound, that we scarcely think we are speaking 
English: this makes us the more readily give into the 
foreign sound of i, as in fatigue. This sound 
a correct English ear is soon weary of, and settles at 
last with the accent on the first syllable, with the i 
sounded as in indigo, portico, &c. W. 
VE RVAIN, 208. \ ■ , « $ n. s. [verveine, Fr. ; 

VE'RVINE, 140. S ( verbena, Lat.] A 

plant. Drayton. 
VERVAIN Mallow, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
VE'RVELS, ver'-vilz. n. s. [vervelle. Fr.] Labels 

tied to a hawk. Lovelace. 
VE'RY §, ver'-e. a. [veray, or vrai, Fr.] True ; real. 
1 Sam. xxv. Having any qualities, commonly 
bad, in an eminent degree; complete; perfect; 
mere. Davies. To note things emphatically, or 
eminently. Sliak. Same, emphatically. Sprat. 
VE'RY. ver'-e. ad. In a great degree ; in an emi- 
nent degree. Addison. 



To VESICATE $, ves'-se-kate. 91. v. a. [vesica, 
Lat.] To blister. Wiseman. 

VESICATION, ves-e-ka'-shun. n. s. Blistering , 
separation of the cuticle. Wiseman. 

VESICATORY, ve-sik'-a-tur-e. 512. [See Domes 
tick.] n. s. [veskatorium, technical Lat.] A blis 
tering medicine. Bullokar. 

VEHICLE, ves'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [vesicula, Lat.] A 
small cuticle, filled or inflated. Brown. 

VESI CULAR, ve-slk'-u-lar. 88. a. [vesicula, Lat.] 
Hollow; full of small interstices. Cheyne. 

VESPER, veV-pur. 98. n. s. [Lat.] The evening 
star ; the evening. Sha/cspeare. 

VESPERS, v&s'-purz. n. s. [without the singular, 
from vespei-us, Lat.] The evening service of the 
Romish church. 

VESPERTINE, ves'-pur-llne. 149. a. [vespertinus, 
Lat.] Happening or coming in the evening; per- 
taining to the evening. Sir T. Herbert. 

VESSELS, v&'-s?l. 99. n.s. [vaisselle, Fr. ; r», 
Lat.] Any thing in which liquids, or other things, 
are put. Bin-net. The containing parts of an 
animal body. Arbuthnot. Any vehicle in which 
men or goods are carried on the water, [vaisseau, 
Fr. ; phaselns, Lat.] Raleigh. Any capacity ; any 
thing containing. Milton. Half a quarter of a 
sheet of paper, [perhaps from the Latin fasciculus, 
or fasciola, quasi vassiola.] [In theology.] One re- 
lating to God's household. Hammond. 

To VESSEL, veV-sil. v. a. To put into a vessel ; to 
barrel. Bacon. 

VESSETS, ves'-sils. n.s. A kind of cloth commonly 
made in Suffolk. Bailey. 

VESSICNON, ves-slk'-non. n. s. A windgall, or soft 
swelling on the inside and outside of a horse's hoof. 
Diet. 

VEST §, ve'st. n. s. [vestis, Lat.] An outer garment. 
Milton. 

To VEST, vest. v. a. To dress ; to deck ; to enrobe. 
Dry den. To dress in a long garment. Milton. 
To make possessor of; to invest with. Locke. To 
place in succession. Clarendon. 

VESTAL, ves'-tal. n. s. [vestalis. Lat.] A virgin 
consecrated to Vesta ; a pure virgin. Shakspeare. 

VESTAL, veV-tal. 88. a. [vestalis, Lat.] Denoting 
pure virginity. Shakspeare. 

VESTIBULE, veV-te-bule. n. s. [vestibulum, Lat.] 
The porch or first entrance of a house. Harris. 

To VESTIGATE*, veV-te-gate. v. a. [vestigo, Lat.] 
To trace : obsolete. We now say investigate. 

VESTIGE, veV-tfdje. n. s. [vestigium, Lat.] Fool- 
step ; mark left behind in passing. Harvey. 

VESTMENT, vest'-ment. n. s. [vestimerdum, Lat.] 
Garment ; part of dress. Hooker. 

VE STRY, ves'-tre. n. s. [vestiaire, Fr. ; vestiarium, 
Lat.] A room appendant to the church, in which 
the sacerdotal garments and consecrated things are 
reposited. 2 Kings, x. A parochial assembly com 
monly convened in the vestry. White. 

VESTURE, ves'-tshure. 461. n. s. [old Fr.; vestura, 
Ital.] Garment; robe. Fairfax. Dress; habit; 
external form. Shakspeare. 

VETCH §, vetsh. n. s. [vicia, Lat.] A plant with 
a papilionaceous flower, producing a legume. 
Dryden. 

VE TCHY, vetsh'-e. a. Made of vetches ; abound- 
ing in vetches ; consisting of vetch or pease-straw. 
Spenser. 

VE TERAN, veV-ur-an. 88. n. s. [veteranus, Lat.] 
An old soldier ; a man long practised in any thing. 
Hooker. 

VE'TERAN, vel'-fir-an. a. Long practised in war j 
long experienced. Bacon. 

VETERINARIAN, vel-er-e-na'-re-an. n. s. [veteri- 
narius, Lat.] One skilled in the diseases of cattle. 
Brown. 

VETERINARY*, vet'-gr-e-na-re. a. Pertaining: 
to farriery, and to science in the diseases of 
cattle. 

VETUST*, ve-tflst'. a. [vetustus, Lat.] Old ; an- 
cient. Cockeram. Ob. T. 

To VEX $, vgks. v. a. [vexo. Lat.] To plague ; to 
998 ' 



VIC 



VIC 






—no, move, ndr, not ;— tube, tub, bull ) — fill;— pound ;— thin, THis. 



torment ; to harass. Shak. To disturb ; to dis- 
quiet. Slialc. To trouble with slight provocations. 
To stretch as by hooks. Dryden. 
TbVEX.v^ks. i). 7i. To fret 5 to be on tenters; to 

be uneasy. Chaptnan. 
VEXATION, vek-sa'-shun. n. s. The act of trou- 
bling-. ShaJc. The state of being troubled ; uneasi- 
ness ; sorrow. Shak. The cause of trouble or un- 
easiness. SlwJc. An act of harassing by law. Ba- 
con. A slight, teasing trouble. 
VEXATIOUS, vek-sa 7 -shfts. 314. a. Afflictive ; 
troublesome ; causing trouble. South. Full of 
trouble ; full of uneasiness. Digby. Teasing ; 
slightly troublesome. 
VEXA'TIOUSLY, vek-sa'-shfis-le. ad. Trouble- 

somely ; uneasily. Burke. 
VEXATIOUSNESS, vek-sa'-shus-ngs. n.s. Trou- 

blesomeness ; uneasiness. 
VE'XER, veks'-flr. 98. n.s. One who vexes. Huloet. 
VE'XINGLY*, veks'-lng-le. ad. So as to vex, 

plague, or disturb. Tatter. 
VT AGE*. See Voyage. 
VI'ALy, vl'-fil. 88. n.s. [<pia\n.'\ A small bottle. 

Shakspeare. 
To VI'AL, vl'-ul. v. a. To enclose in a vial. Milton. 
VIAND, vl'-5nd. 88.. n. s. [viande, Fr.; vivanda, 

ltal.] Food ; meat dressed. Sliakspeare. 
VI'ARY*, vl'-a-re. a. [viaritis, Lat.J Happening in 

ways or roads. Feltham. Ob. T. 
VIATICUM, vUt'-e-kum. 116. n.s. [Lat.] Pro- 
vision for a journey. Davies. The last rites used 
to prepare the passing soul for its departure. Kil- 
ling-berk. 
To VI'BRATE §, vi'-brate. 91. v. a. [mbro, Lat.J To 
brandish ; to move to and fro with quick motion. 
To make to quiver. Holder. 
To VI'BRATE, vl'-brate. v. n. To play up and 

down, or to and fro. Boyle. To quiver. Pope. 
VIBRATION, vl-bra'-shfin. 138. n.s. [vibro, Lat.] 
The act of moving, or state of being moved, with 
quick reciprocations, or returns; the act of quiver- 
ing. South. 
VI'BRATIVE*, vl'-bra-tiv. a. That vibrates. New- 
ton. 
V1BRATIUNCLE*, vi-bra'-te-ung-kl. n. s. Dimin- 
utive vibrations. Chambers. 
VI'BRATORY*, vl'-bra-tQr-e. a. Vibrating; caus- 
ing to vibrate. Burke. 
55=* Tor the sound of the o, see Domestics ; and for 

the accent, see Principles, No. 512. W. 
VI'CAR $, v?k'-ur. 88, 138. n. s. [vicarius, Lat.] The 
incumbent of an appropriated or impropriated ben- 
efice. SlwJc. One who performs the functions of 
another ; a substitute. Ayliffe. 
Vl'CARAGE, vlk'-fir-ldje. 90. n. s. The benefice of 

a vicar. Swift. 
VICA'RIAL*, vi-ka'-re-al. a. Belonging to a vicar. 
Blackstone. [vicarius, Lat.] Vicarious. Blackwall. 
VICA'RIATE*, vl-ka'-re-ate. n. s. Delegated of- 
fice or power. Ld. North. 
VICA'RIATE*, vl-ka'-re-ate. a. Having a delegated 

power as vicar. Barrow. 
VICA'RIOUS, vl-ka'-re-fis. 138. a. [vicarius, Lat.] 
Deputed ; delegated ; acting in the place of an- 
other. Hale. 
VICA'RIOUSLY*, vl-ka'-re-us-le. ad. In the place 

of another. Burke. 
VTCARSHIP, vlk'-ur-sh?p. n. s. The office of a 

vicar. Barrow. 
VICE §, vise. n.s. [vitium, Lat.] The course of ac- 
tion opposite to virtue ; depravity of manners ; in- 
ordinate life. Milton. A fault ; an offence. Milton. 
Faulty or noxious excess. Dryden. The fool of 
the old shows and moralities. Shak. [vijs, Dutch.] 
A kind of small iron press with screws, used by 
workmen. Arbuthnot. Gripe ; grasp. Shak. [vice, 
Lat.] It is used in composition for one, qui vicem 
gerit, who performs, in his stead, the office of a su- 
periour, or who has the second rank in command : 
as, a viceroy, vkechancellor. 
To VICE, vise. v. a. To draw by a kind of violence. 
Shakspeare. 



VICEA'DMIRAL $, vise-ad'-me-ral. n. s. [vice and 
admiral."] The second commander of a fleet. 
Knolles. A naval officer of the second rank. 
VICEA'DMIRALTY, vlse-ad'-me-ral-te. n. s. The 

office of a viceadmiral. Carew. 
VICEA'GENT, vlse-a'-jent. n. s. One who acts in 

the place of another. Hooker. 
VICECHA'NCELLOR, vlse-tshan'-sel-lfir. n. s. 
[vicecancellarius, Lat.] The second magistrate ot 
the universjj ies. Fell. 
VI'CED, vlst. 359. a. Vitious; corrupt. Sliakspeare. 
VICEGE'RENCY, vlse-je'-ren-se. n. s. The office 
of a vicegerent; lieutenancy; deputed power. 
South. 
VICEGE'RENT$,vlse-je'-rent. n.s. [vicem gerens, 
Lat.] A lieutenant; one who is intrusted with the 
power of the superiour, by whom he is deputed 
Bacon. 
VICEGE'RENT, ylse-je'-rent. a. Having a dele 

gated power ; acting by substitution. Milton. 
Vl'CENARY, vl'-se-nar-e. a. [vicenarius, Lat.] Be- 
longing to twenty. Bailey. 
VICEROY $, vlse'-rSe. n. s. [viceroi, Fr.] He who 
governs in place of the king with regal authority. 
Sliakspeare. 
VICERO'YALTY, vlse-rSe'-al-te. n.s. Dignity of a 

viceroy. Addison. 
VI'CEROYSHIP*, vlse'-roe-shfp. n.s. Office of a 

viceroy. Fuller. 
VI'CETY, vl'-se-te. n. s. Nicety} exactness. B. 

Jonson. Ob. J. 

VI'CINAGE, vls'-fn-idje. 90. n. s. [x^kinia, Lat.J 

voisinage, Fr.] Neighbourhood ; places adjoining. 

Sir T. Herbert. 

VICI'NAL, vls'-e-nal. 138. )a. [vicimts, Lat.] Near; 

VICI'NE, vfs'-lne. $ neighbouring. Glan- 

ville. 
5^" For the propriety of placing the accent on the first 

syllable of vicinal, see Medicinal. W. 
VICI'NITY, ve-sin'-e-te, or vl-sin'-e-te. 138. n. s. 
[vicinus, Lat.] Nearness ; state of being near. 
Hale. Neighbourhood. Bentley. 
VI'CIOUS, vlsh'-fis. a. See Vitious. Devoted to 

vice. Milton. 
VI'CIOUSLY*, vish'-fis-le. ad. Corruptly; sinfully. 

Brown. 
VI'CIOUSNESS*, vlsh'-fis-nes. n. s. Corruptness. 

See Vitiousness. 
VICI'SSITUDE$, ve-s?s'-e-inde, or vUsfs'-e-tude. 
138. n. s. [vicissitudo, Lat.] Regular change ; re- 
turn of the same things in the same succession. 
Milton. Revolution; change. Atterbury. 
VICISSITU'DINARY*, ve-sls-e-tu'-dc-na-re. a, 

[vicissitudo, Lat.] Regularly changing. Donne. 
VICO'NTIEL. a. [In law.] Vicontzel rents are cer- 
tain farms, for which the sheriff pays a rent to the 
king, and makes what profit he can of them. Vi~ 
contiel writs are such writs as are triable in the 
county court, before the sheriff. Bailey. 
VI'CTIM $, vlk'-t?m. n. s. [victima, Lat.] A sacri- 
fice ; something slain for a sacrifice. Denhavi, Some- 
thing destroyed. Prior. 
To VI'CTIMATE*, vik -te-mate. v. a. [victimo, Lat.] 
To sacrifice; to offer in sacrifice. Bullokar. 
Ob. T. 
VI'CTORS, v?k'-tfir. 166. n.s. [Lat.] Conqueror; 
vanquisher ; he that gains the advantage in any 
contest. Sidney. 
Vl'CTORESS*. vlk'-tur-es. n. s. A female that 

conquers. Spenser. 
VICTORIOUS, vik-t6'-re-a S . a. [victorieux, Fr.] 
Conquering ; having obtained conquest ; superiour 
in Contest. Milton. Producing conquest. Pope. 
Betokening conquest. Shakspeare. 
VICTORIOUSLY, v2k-t6'-re-us-le. ad. With con- 
quest; successfully; triumphantly. Hammond. 
VICTO'RIOUSNESS, vlk-t6'-re-fls-nes. n. s. The 

state or quality of being victorious. 
VICTORY, vik'-tur-e. .*57. n. s. [xnctoria, Lat.] 

Conquest ; success in contest ; triumph. 
VTCTRESS, vlk'-tres. [See Tutoress.] ) „ m 
VI'CTRICE* vikMrls. $ 



VIG 



VIN 



\W 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— mi, mk ;— pine, pin y- 



[vktrix, Lat.] A female that conquers 
speare. Ob. J. •_ 

VICTUAL $, vit'-tl. 1 405. n. s. [victuailles, Fr. ; 
VICTUALS $, vil'-tlz. S viliovaglia, ltal.] Provis- 
ion of food; stores for the support of life; meat; 
sustenance. Shakspeare. 
$0r This corruption, like most others, has terminated in 
the. generation of a new word ; for no solemnity will 
allow of pronouncing this word as it is written. Vict- 
uals appeared to Swift so contrary to the real sound, 
that, in some of his manuscript remarks which I hare 
seen, he spells the word vittles. This compliance with 
sound, however, is full of mischief to language, and 
ought not to be indulged. — See Skxptick, and Princi- 
ples, No. 350. TV. 

To VFCTUAL, vil'-tl. v. a. To store with provision 
for food. Shakspeare. 

VICTUALLER, vit'-tl-ur. n. s. One who provides 
victuals. Hayward. One who keeps a house of 
entertainment. 

VIDELICET, ve-deV-e-sfit. ad. [Lat.] To wit; 
that is. This word is generally written viz. 

§£f This is a long-winded word for a short explanation, 
and its contraction, viz., a frightful anomaly, which 
ought never to be pronounced as it is written : 
the adverb namely ought to be used instead of both ; 
and, where it is not, ought, in reading, always to be sub- 
stituted for them. W. 

VI'DUAL §*, vid'-u-al. a. [viduus, Lat.] Belonging 
to the state of a widow. Parlh. Sacra. 

VIDU ITY, ve-du'-e-te. n. s. Widowhood. Bp. Hall. 

To VIE $, vl. 276. v. a. [wagen, Germ.] To stake ; 
to wager; to expose to hazard; to show or prac- 
tise in competition. The word is borrowed from an 
old term at cards. Shakspeare. 

To VIE, vl. v.n. To contest; to contend; to strive 
for superiority. Addison. 

To VIEW*, vu. 286. v. a. [veu, Fr.] To survey; to 
look on by way of examination. Jos. vii. To see ; 
to perceive by the eye. Milton. 

VIEW, vu. n. s. Prospect. Sliak. Sight; power 
of beholding. Dryden. Intellectual sight ; mental 
ken. Milton. Act of seeing. Denham. Sight; eye. 
Locke. Survey ; examination by the eye. Dryden. 
Intellectual survey. Locke. Space that may be 
taken in by the eye ; reach of sight. Dryden. Ap- 
pearance ; show. Waller. Display ; exhibition to 
the sight or mind. Locke. Prospect of interest. 
Locke. Intention ; design. Atterbury. 

VIE'WER, vu'-ur. n.s. One who views. Isa. xlvii. 

VIE'VVLESS, viV-hk a. Unseen; not discernible 
by the sight. Shakspeare. 

VI'EWLY*, viV-le. a. Sightly ; striking to the view. 

VIGESIMA'TIOxV'l-jes-e-ma'-shun. n.s. [vigesi- 
miis, Lat.] The act of putting to death every 
twentieth man. Bailey. 

VFGIL, vid'-jil. [See Drama.] n.s. [vigilia, Lat.] 
Watch ; devotions performed in the customary 
hours of rest. Milton. A fast kept before a holyday. 
Sliak. Service used on the night before a holyday. 
Stilling fleet. Watch ; forbearance of sleep. Waller. 

VI'GILANCE, vld'-jll-anse. £88. n. s. [Fr.; vigi- 

VFGILANCY, vid'-jll-an-se. \ lantia, Lat.] For- 
bearance of sleep. Broome. Watchfulness ; cir- 
cumspection; incessant care. Sha/c. Guard; 
watch. Milton. 

VI'GILANT $, vid'-jil-ant. 88. a. [vigilans, Lat.] 
Watchful; circumspect; diligent; attentive. 
Hooker. 

VIGILANTLY, vld'-jn-ant-le. ad. Watchfully; at- 
tentively ; circumspectly. Hayward. 

VIGNE' TTE*, vln'-ygt. n. s. [Fr.] A picture of 
leaves and flowers ; a kind of flourish of leaves and 
flowers. Cotgrave [and Webster] write vignet'. 

VI GOROUS, vig'-ur-fls. 314. a. [vigeroux, old Fr. ; 
vigoureux, mod.] Forcible ; not weakened ; full of 
strength and life. Waller. 

VIGOROUSLY, vlg'-fir-us-le. ad. With force; for- 
cibly ; without weakness. Dryden. 

VI'GOROUSNESS, vlg'-fir-us-nSs. n. s. Force ; 
strength. Bp. Taylor. 

VI'GOURS, vig'-ur.314 n.s. [vigour, old Fr.; vigor, 



Lat.] Force ; strength. Dan.x. Mental force ; in 
tellectual ability. Energy ; efficacy. Milton. 

VILD*, I 1, . S «• [from vile.] Vile ; wicked. 

VI'LED, \ vi,d ' ) Spenser. 

VILE*, vile. a. [vil, Fr.j vilis, Lat.] Base; mean; 
worthless ; sordid ; despicable. Hooker. Morally 
impure; wicked. Milton. 

VFLELY, vlle'-le. ad. Basely; meanly; shamefully 
Sliakspeare. 

VFLENESS, vile'-n^s. n.s. Baseness; meanness; 
despicableness. Drayton. Moral or intellectual 
baseness. Prior. 

VILIFICATION*, vil-e-fe-ka'-shfln. n. s. [vilifico, 
Lat.] The act of vilifying. More. 

VI'LIFIER, vil'-e-fl-ur. n. s. One that vilifies. 

To VFLIFY, vil'-e-fi. 183. v. a. To debase ; to de- 
grade; to make vile. Milton. To defame; to make 
contemptible. Drayton. 

To VFL1PEND*, vil'-e-pend. v. a. [vilipendo, Lat. ; 
vilipender, Fr.] To have in no esteem ; to treat 
with slight or contempt. Bp. Andrews. 

VFLITY*, vit'-e-te. n. s. [vilitas, Lat.] Baseness ; 
vileness. Kennet. 

VILL, vil. n. s. [ville, Fr. ; villa, Lat.] A village ; a 
small collection of houses. Hale. Little used. 

VFLLA,vilMa.92. n.s. [Lat-.] A country seat. Addis. 

VFLLAGE$, vll'-lidje. 90. n. .<?. [Fr.] A small col- 
lection of nouses in the country, less than a town. 
Shakspeare. 

VFLLAGER, vil'-lfd-jur. 98. n. s. An inhabitant of 
the village. Sliakspeare. 

VFLLAGERY, vil'-lid-j&r-e. n.s. District of villages. 
Shakspeare. 

VILLAIN $, vll'-fin. 208. n. s. [villanus, low Lat.; 
villain, old Fr.] One who held by a base tenure ; 
a servant. Davies. A wicked wretch. Sidney. 

VFLLAINOUS*. See Villanous. 

VFLLAINY*. See Villany. 

VFLLANAGE, vil'-lan-adje. 90. n. s. [from villain.] 
The state of a villain; base servitude. Spensei: 
Baseness; infamy. Dryden. 

To VFLLANIZE, vil'-lan-lze. v. a. To debase; to 
degrade ; to defame. Dryden. 

VFLLANIZER*, vil'-lan-l-zfir. n.s. One who de- 
grades, debases, or defames. 

VFLLANOUS, vil'-laii-fls. a. Base; vile; wicked. 
Shakspeare. Sorry : in a familiar sense. Sliakspeare. 

VILLANOUSLY, vil'-lan-us-le. ad. Wickedly; 
basely. Knolles. 

VFLLANOUSNESS, vil'-lan-fis-nSs. n.s. Baseness; 
wickedness. 

VFLLANY, viF-lan-e. n.s. [yillanie, old Fr.] Wick- 
edness; baseness; depravity; gross atroeiousness. 
Shak. A wicked action ; a crime : in this se.ise it 
has a plural. South. 

VILLA'TICK, vil-lat'-tlk. 509. a. [villaticus, Lat.] 
Belonging to villages. Milton. 

VILLI, vil'-ll. n. s. [Lat.J In anatomy, are the 
same as fibres; and, in botany, small hairs like the 
grain of plush or shag, with which, as a kind of ex- 
crescence, some trees abound. Quincy. 

VI'LLOUS, vll'-lfts. 314. a. [villosus, Lat.] Shaggy; 
rough ; furry. Arbuthnot. 

VFMINAL*, vim'-e-nal. a. [Fr.; viminalis, Lat.] 
Applied to trees producing twigs fit to bind with. 

C^OcfcPTCLTlt 

VIMFNEOUS, ve-min'-e-us, or vl-mfn'-e-us. 138. a 
[vimineus, Lat.] Made of twigs. Prior. 

VINACEOUS*, ve-na'-sh&s. a. [vinaceus, Lat.] Of 
or belonging to wine and grapes. White. 

VFNCIBLE*, vin'-se-bl. 405. a. [vinco, Lat.] Con- 
querable ; superable. Hayward. 

VFNCIBLENESS, vin'-se-bl-nSs. n.s. Liableness 
to be overcome. Did. 

VFNCTURE, vink'-tshure. n. $. [vinctura, Lat.] A 
binding. Bailey. 

VINDE'MIAL, vin-de'-me-al. 88. a. Belonging to a 
vintage. , , . , 

To VINDE'MIATE §, v!n-de'-me-ate. v.n. [vtnde- 
mia, Lat.] To gather the vintage. Evelyn. 

VINDEMIA'TION, vin-de-me-a/-shun. n. $. Grap» 
gathering. Bailey. 

1000 



£ 



VIO 



VIR 






— no, move, ndr. u6t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— //tin, THis. 



To VI'NDICATE §, vhi'-de-kate. 91. v.a. [vindico, 

Lat.] To justify ; to support; to maintain. W'a/ts. 
To revenge ; io avenge. Bacon. To assert ; to 
claim with efficacy. Dri/den. To clear; to protect 
from censure. Hammond. 

VINDICATION, ym-de-ka'-shSn. n.s. [Fr.] De- 
fence; assertion; justification. Broome. 

VINDICATIVE, viii'-de-ka-tl'v. 512. a. [vindicatif, 
Fr.] Revengeful ; given to revenge. Bacon. 

VINDICATOR, vin'-de-ka-tfir. 521. n.s. One who 
vindicatts; an asserlor. Dryden. 

VINDICATORY. vin'-de-ka-tor-e.512. a. Punitory ; 
performing the office of vengeance. Bramhall. De- 
iensory : justificatory. 

VINDICTIVE, viu-dik'-tiv. a. [vindicta, Lat.] Giv- 
en to revenge ; revengeful. Dnjden. 

VINDICTIVELY*, vto-dlk'-tlv-le. ad. Revengeful- 
lv. Johnson. 

VlNDl'CTIVENESS*, vln-dlk'-llv-ngs. n.s. Are- 
vengeful temper. Bailey. 

VINE$, vine. n.s. [vinea, Lat.] The plant that bears 
the grape. Miller. 

VPNED*. vlnd, or vl'-ne'd. a. Having leaves like 
those of the vine. Wolton. 

VTNEFRETTER, vlne'-fret-tfir. n. s. [from vine 
and fret.] A worm that eats vine leaves. 

VI'NEGAR, v'iu'-ne-g&r. 38. n. s. [vinaigre, Ft.] 
Wine grown sour; eager wine. Bacon. Any thing- 
real ly or metaphorically sour. Shakspeare. 

VPNER*, vi'-n&r. n.s. An orderer or trimmer of 
vines. Huloet. Ob. T. 

VI'NEYARD, vin'-vSrd. 91,515. n.s. [pinfteapb, 
Sax.] A ground planted with vines. Shakspeare. 

VTNNEWED, vfn'-nude. a. [j-ynigean, Sax.] 
Mouldy ; musty. Newton. 

VFNNEWEDNESS*. vln'-nude-nSs. n.s. State of 
being vinnewed. Barret. 

VFNNY, vhi'-ne. a. [poie, Sax.]" Mouldy. 

VrNOLENCY*,v?n'-n6-len-se. n.s. [vinolentia, Lat.] 
Drunkenness. Cockeram. 

VI'NOLENT*, vlu'-nWept. a. [vinolentus, Lat.] 
Given to wine. Chancer. 

VINO'SlTY*,ve-n6s'-e-te.n.*. [xnnosus, Lat.] Slate 
or quality of being vinous. Scott. 

VINOUS, vl'-nfis. 314. a. [vineux, Fr.] Having the 
qualities of wine ; consisting of wine. Boyle. 

VI'NTAGE $, vln'-tfdje. 90. n. s. [venJange, old Fr. ; 
vindemia, Lat.] The produce of the vine for the 
year ; the time in which grapes are gathered. Ba- 
con. 

VINTAGER, vln'-ta-j&r. n. s. One who gathers the 
vintage. Ainswortli. 

VINTNER, vlnt'-nur. 98. n. s. [vinetier, old Fr J 

One who sells wine. Howell. 
VI'NTRY, vin'-tre. n. s. The place where wine is 

sold. Ainsworth. 
VFNY*, vl'-ne. a. Belonging to vines ; producing 

f rapes. Prompt. Parv. Abounding in vines. P. 
letcher. 
VIOL, vl'-fil. 166. n. s. [riolle, Fr. ; viola, Ital.] A 

stringed instrument of musick. Bacon. 
VI'OLABLE, vi'-o-la-bl. 405. a. [violabilis, Lat.] 

Such as may be violated or hurt. 
VIOLACEOUS, vi-6-la'-sh&s. a. [viola, Lat.] Re- 
sembling violets. 
To VI'OLATES, vl'-o-late. 91. v.a. [viola, Lat.l 
To injure; to hurt. Milton. To infringe; to break 
any thing venerable. Shak. To injure bv irreve- 
rence. Milton. To ravish ; to deflower. Prior. 
VIOLATION, vi-c-la'-sh&n. 170. n. s. [violatio, 
Lat.] Infringement or .injury of something sacred 
or venerable. Hooker. Rape ; the act of deflow- 
ering. Sliakspeare. 
VI'OLATOR, vl'-6-la-tar. 521. n.s. [Lat.] One who 
injures or infringes something sacred. South. A 
ravisher. Shakspeare. 
VFOLENCE$, vl'-6-)gnse. 170. n.s. [violentia,Lal.] 
Force ; strength applied to any purpose. Shak. An 
attack ; an assault ; a murder. Shak. Outrage ; 
unjust force. Milton. Eagerness ; vehemence. 
Sliak. Injury; infiingement. Burnet. Forcible 
defloration. 

126 



To Vl'OLENCE*, vl'-o-lense. v. a. To assault ; to 
injure. B. Jonson. To bring by violence. Feltham 

VIOLENT, vl'-A-lSnt. 287. a. [violentus, Lat.] For 
cible; acting with strength. Milton. Produced or 
continued by force. Burnet. Not natural, but 
brought by force. Milton. Assailant ; acting by 
force. Milton. Unseasonably vehement. Hooker, 
Extorted ; not voluntary. Milton. 

VI'OLENT*, vl'-6-lent. n. s. An assailant. Decay 
of Christian Piety. 

To VI'OLENT*, vl'-i-lflnt. v. n. To become vio- 
len' • to act with violence. Shakspeare. Ob. T 

To VI'OLENT*, vl'-6-lent. v. a To urge with vio- 
lence. Fuller. Ob. T. 

VIOLENTLY, vl'-6-lent-le. ad. With force ; forci- 
bly ; vehemently. Shakspeare. 

VIOLET, vl'-6-let. 110, °2W.n.s.[violette Fr.; viola, 
Lat.] A flower. Miller. 

VIOLIN, vl-6-lto'. 528. n. s. [violon, Fr., from viol.] 
A fiddle ; a stringed instrument of musick. Sandys. 

VIOLINIST*, vl'-6-lin-!st, or vl-6-lfn'-ist. n. s. A 
player on the violin. Aubrey. 

VPOLIST, vl'-c-llst. n. s. A player on the viol. 
VIOLONCELLO, ve-6-l6n-ishel'-6. 388. n. s. 



[Ital.] A kind of bass violin. 
VFPER$, vl'-p&r. S 



98. n. s. [vipera, Lat.] A serpent 

of that species which brings its young alive, of 

which many are poisonous. Acts, xxviii. Any 

thing mischievous. Shakspeare. 

VI'PERINE, vi'-p&r-lne. 149. a. [vipeiinus, Lat.] 

Belonging to a viper. 
VFPEROUS, vl'-pur-fis. 314. a. [vipereus, Lat.] 

Having the qualities of a viper. Shakspeare. 
VIPER'S Bugloss. n. s. A plant. Miller. 
VIPER'S Grass, n.s. A plant. Evelyn. 
V1RAGFNIAN*, vir-a-jln'-e-an. a. Of or belonging 

to impudent women. Milton. 
VIRAGO, ve-ra'-g6, or vl-ra'-g6. 138. [See Lum- 
bago.] n. s. [Lat.] A female warriour; a woman 
with the qualities of a man. Peacham. It is com- 
monly used in detestation for an impudent, turbu- 
lent woman. 
VIRE*, vlre. n. s. [vire, Fr.] An arrow. Gower. 

Ob. T. 
VI'RELAY, vfr'-e-la. n. s. [virelay, virelai, Fr.] A 
sort of little ancient French poem, that consisted 
only of two rhymes, and short verses, with stops. 
Spenser. 
VFRENT, vi'-rent. a. [virens, Lat.] Green ; not 

faded. Brown. 
VFRGATE*, veV-gale. n.s. [virgata, low Lat.] A 

yardland. Warlon. 
V1RGE, vgrje. 108. n. s. [better verge, from verge, 

Fr.] A wand. See Vkrge. B. Jonson. 
VI'RGE'R*. See Vekger. 

VPRGIN $, veV-jfn. 108. n. 5. [vierge, Fr. ; virgo, 
Lat.j A maid ;* a woman unacquainted with men. 
Shak. A woman not a mother. Milton. Any 
thing untouched or unmingled; any thing pure : as, 
virgin-honey. Boyle. The sign of the zodiack in 
which the sun is in August. Milton. 
#y~ See the delicate sound of the first i in this word 

illustrated, Principles, No. 101. W. 
VPRGIN, ver'-jln. 237. a. Befitting a virgin; suita- 
ble to a virgin ; maidenly. Shakspeare. 
To VPRGIN, ver'-jln. v. n. To plf" the virgin. 

Shakspeare. 
VPRGIN AL, ver'-jin-al. 88. a. Maiden; maidenly; 

pertaining to a virgin. Spenser. 
VPRGIN AL, veV-jm-al. n.s. [more usually virgin 
als.] A musical instrument so called, because com 
monly used by young ladies. Bacon. 
To VPRGINAL, vh-'-jin-al. v. n. To pat; to strike 

as on the virginal : a cant word. Shakspeare. 
VIRGPNITY, ver-jln'-e-le. n. s. [virginiias, Lat.] 
Maidenhead ; unacquaintance with man. Bp. 
Taylor. 
VIRGO*, ver'-go. n. s. [Lat.l The sixth sign in 

the zodiack ; the Virgin : which see. Moxon. 
VIRIDITY* vi-r?d'-e-te. n. s. [viriditas, Lat.] 

Greenness. Evelyn. 
VPRILE $. vl'-rll. 140. a. [virilis, Lat.] Belonging 
1001 



VIS 



VIS 



[LT 559. —Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pln;- 



to man ; not puerile ; not feminine. Feltham. Pro- 
creative. Ricaut. 
YIRl'LITY, vl-ril'-e-te, or ve-rfl'-e-te. 138. n.s. [ 
rilitd, Fr. ; virilitas, Lat.] Manhood ; character of 
man. Rambler. Power of procreation. Brown. 
VIRMILION, ver-mlF-yun. n.s. [properly vermi- 
lion.'] A red colour. Roscommon. 
VIRTU 1 '*, veV-tod'. n.s. [Ital.] A love of the fine 

arts; a taste for curiosities. Lord Chesterfield. 
VIRTUAL, veV-tshu-al. 88. a. [virtual, Fr.] Having 
the efficacy without the sensible or material part. 
liacon. 
VIRTUA'LITY, ver-lshu-al'-e-te. n.s Efficacy. 

Bi own. 
VIRTUALLY, ver'-tshu-al-e. ad. In effect, though 

not materially. Hammond. 
To VIRTUATE, ver'-tshu-ate. v. a. To make ef- 
ficacious. Harvey. Ob. J. 
VIRTUES, ver'-tshu. 108,461. n.s. [virtus, Lat.] 
I'Joral goodness ; opposed to vice. Shak. A par- 
ticular moral excellence. Shak. Medicinal quali- 
ty. Bacon. Medicinal efficacy. Addison. Effica- 
cy ; power. South. Acting power. St. Mark, v. 
.Secret agency; efficacy, without visible or materi- 
al action. Davies. Bravery; valour. Shak. Ex- 
cellence; that which gives excellence. B. Jonson. 
One of the orders of the celestial hierarchy. Mil- 
ton. 
§£f Dr. Hill published in a pamphlet a petition from the 
letters /and £7 to David Garrick, Esq., both complain- 
ing of terrible grievances imposed upon them by that 
great actor, who frequently banished them from their | 
proper stations; as in the word virtue, which they said I 
he converted into vurtue ; and in the word ungrateful 
he displaced the u, and made it in'grateful, to t.Tie great 
prejudice of the said letters. To this complaint Gar- 
rick replied in the following epigram': 
"If it is. as you say, that I've injur'd a letter, 
11 I'll change my note soon, and 1 hope for the better. 
"May the right use of letters, as well as of men, 
"Hereafter be hVd by the tongue and the pen. 
"Most devoutly I wish they may both have their due, 
"And that J may be never mistaken for £/." 

Murphy's Life of Garrick. W. 

VFRTUELESS, veV-lsbu-les. a. Wanting virtue ; 
deprived of virtue. Not having efficacy ; without 
operating qualities. Raleigh. 

VIRTUOSO, ver-t66-6'-s6. n.s. [Ital.] A man 
skilled in antique or natural curiosities ; a man stu- 
dious of painting, statuary, or architecture. Glan- 
ville.- 

VIRTUOSOSHIP*, ver-td6-6'-s6-sh?p« n.s. The 
pursuits of a virtuoso ; the character of a virtuoso. 
Bp. Hard. 

VIRTUOUS §, veV-tshu-tis. 463. a. [from virtue.] 
Morally good : applied to persons and practices. 
Shak. [Applied to women.] Chaste. Shak. Done 
in consequence of moral goodness. Law. Effica- 
cious ; powerful. Milton. Having wonderful or 
eminent properties.. , Spenser. Having medicinal 
qualities. Bacon. 

VIRTUOUSLY, ver'-tshu-us-le. ad. In a virtuous 
manner ; according to the rules of virtue. Hooker. 

VIRTUOUSNESS, ver'-tshu-us-nes. n.s. The state 
or character of being virtuous. Spenser. 

VIRULENCE, v?r'-u-lense. ) 110. n. s. Mental poi- 

VIRULENCY, vlr'-u-len-se. $ son ; malignity ; ac- 
rimony of temper; bitterness. Decay of Christian 
Pirti-I. 

VIRULENT §,v?r'-u-lent. 110. a. [Fr. ; virulenius, 
Lat.] Poisonous ; venomous. Poisoned in the mind ; 
bitter ; malignant. 

VIRULENTED* vfr'-u-lent-eU a. Filled wi 
son. Feltham. 

VIRULENTLY, vlr'-u-lent-le. ad. Malignantly; 
with bitterness. 

VIS- A- VIS*, ve'-za-ve'. n.s. [Fr.] A carriage which 
holds only two persons, who sit face to face, and 
not side by side, as in a coach or chariot. Lemon. 

VPSAGE§, v?z'-?dje. 90. n. s. [Fr. ; visaggio, Ital.] 
Face ; countenance ; look. Sliakspeare. 

VIS AGED*, viz'-idjd. a. Having a face or visage. 



with poi- 



VISCERA L§*,vV-se-ral. a. [viscera, Lat.] Feel- 
ing; tender. Bp. Reynolds. 
To VISCERATE, vfs'-se-rate. t». a. [viscera, Lat.] 

To embowel ; to exenterate. 
VISCID, vls'-sid. a. [viscidus, Lat.] Glutinous; te- 
nacious. 
VISCIDITY, ve-sld'-e-te. 138. n. s. Glutinousness ; 
tenacity; ropiness. Arbuihnot. Glutinous concre- 
tion. Floyer. 
VISCOSITY, vk-kos'-e-te. n. s. [viscosite, Fr.] Glu- 
tinousness ; tenacity. Arbuthnot. A glutinous sub- 
stance. Brown. 
VISCOUNT $, vl'-k6unt. 458. n. s. [vicecomes, Lat.] 
Viscount signifies as much as sheriff. Viscount also 
signifies a degree of nobility next to an earl. Coicel. 
VISCOU'NTESS, vl'-kfiunt^es. «. s. [from viscount.] 
The lady of a viscount ; a peeress of the fourth or- 
der. B. Jonson. 
VISCOUNTSH1P*, vl'-ko&nt-ship. ) n.s. Thequal- 
VISCOUNTY*, vi'-k6un-te. \ ity and of- 

fice of a viscount. Lord Keeper Willia?ns. 
VISCOUS, vfV-kus. 314. a. [visqueux, Fr.; viscosus, 

Lat.] Glutinous; sticky; tenacious. Bacon.. 
VISIBILITY, vlz-e-bfl'-e-le. n. s. [visibilile, Fr.] 
The state or quality of being perceptible by the 
eye. Boyle. State of being apparent, or openly 
discoverable; conspicuousness. Stilling fied. 
VISIBLE $, vfz'-e-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; nsibilis, Lat.] 
Perceptible by the eye. Milton. Discovered to the 
eye. Sliak. Apparent ; open ; conspicuous. Clar- 
endon. 
VISIBLE, viz'-e-bl. n. s. Perceptibility by the eye. 

Bacon. 
VISIBLENESS, vk'-e-bl-nes. n. s. State or quality 

of being visible. 
VISIBLY, vfV-e-ble. ad. In a manner perceptible 

by the eye. Holder. 
VISION §, vizh'-un. 451. n. s. [Fr. ; visio, Lat.] 
Sight; the faculty of seeing. Newton. The act of 
seeing. Hammond. A supernatural appearance ; 
a spectre ; a phantom. Sidney. A dream ; some- 
thing shown in a dream. A dream happens to a 
sleeping, a vision may happen to a waking man. 
A dream is supposed natural, a vision miraculous; 
but they are confounded. Locke. Any appearance ; 
any thing which is the object of sight. Thomson. 
VISIONAL*, vfzh'-Cin-al. a. Pertaining to a vision. 

Waterland. 
VISIONARY, vfzh'-iVa-re. a. [visionnaire, Fr.] 
Affected by phantoms; disposed to receive impres- 
sions on the imagination. Pope. Imaginary ; not 
real ; seen in a dream ; perceived by the imagina- 
tion only. Dry den. 
VISIONARY, vfzh'-un-a-re. ) n. s. One' whose im- 
VISION1ST, vizh'-fia-Jst. \ agination is dis- 
turbed. Turner. 
To VISIT §, vh'-lt. v. a. [visiter, Fr. ; visito, Lat.] _ 
To go to see. Shak. [In Scriptural language.]. To" 
send good or evil judicially. Job, xxxi. To salute 
with a present. Judges, xv. To come to a survey, 
with judicial authority. Ayliffe. 
To VISIT, v'fz'-ft. v. n. To" keep up the intercourse 
of ceremonial salutations at the houses of each 
other. Law. 
VISIT, vfz'-it. n. s. [visite, Fr.] The act of going to 

see another. Watts. 
VISITABLE, vfz'-e-ta-bl. 405. a. Liable to be visit- 
ed. Ayliffe. 
VISITANT, v?z'-e-tant. 88. n. s. One who goes to 

see another. Milton. 
VISITATION, viz-e-uV-shun. n.s. [visito,Lat] The 
act of visiting. Shak. Object of visits. Milton. 
[visitation, Fr.] Judicial visit or perambulation. 
Wfiite. Judicial evil sent by God ; state of suffer- 
ing judicial evil. Bp. Taylor. Communication of 
divine love. Hooker. 
VISITATORIAL, v?z-e-ta-t6'-re-al. a. Belonging 

to a judicial visitor. Ayliffe. 
VISITER, ) ;W , ? , lft „ or S n. s. One who comes to 
VISITOR, r fz - ft - l0r - 9a ? see another. Shak. 
[visiteur, Fr.] An occasional judge; one who reg- 
ulates the disorders of any society. Walton. 
1002 



VIT 



VOC 



-n6, move, ndr, n&t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— Ail ;— pound 5— thin, THi 



VTSTTING*, vIzMi-lng. n.s. Visitation j act of visa- 
ing. Sluxlcspeare. 

VISIYF. vl'-siv. 1 10. 467, 428. a. [visif, Fr.j visit!, 
Lat.] Formed in the act of seeing ; belonging to j 
the power of seeing. Brown, 
VI'SNOMY, viz -116-me. u. s. [corrupted from pfiysi- 

ognomy.] Face 3 countenance. Spenser, Ob. J. 
VISORS, viz'-or. 166. n. s. [This word is variously 
written, visard, visar, visor, vizard, vizor; visits, 
Lar.] A mask used to disfigure and disguise. Sid- 
ney. A movable part in the front of a helmet, 
placed above the beaver, in order to protect the 
upper part of the face ; and perforated with man)' 
holes, which afforded the wearer an opportunity of 
discerning objects. Spenser. 
VI'SORED. viV-urd. 359. u. Masked. Miiton. 

VISTA, vis'-ta. 92. n. s. [Ital.] View; prospect 

through an avenue. Addison. 
YTSUAL, vizh'-ii-al. 451. a. [viand. Ft.] Used in 
sight; exercising the power of sight ; instrumental 

to sight. Bacon. 
VITAL S, vl'-tal. 88. a. [vitalis, Lat.] Contributing 

to life; necessary to life. Sidney. Relating to lite. 

Shak. Containing life. Milton. Being the seat 

of life. Pope. So disposed as to live. Brown. 

Essential ; chiefly necessary. Bp. Corbet. 
VITA/UTY, vl-tal'-e-te. n. s. Power of subsisting 

in life. Raleigh. 
VITALLY, vi'-tal-e. ad. In such a manner as to give J 

life. BeiUley. 
VITALS, vl'-talz. n. s. [without the singular.] Parts | 

essential to life. Phillips. 
VITELLARY, vi'-tel-lar-e. n.s. [vitellus, Lat.] The I 

place where the yolk of the egg swims in the while. J 

Brown. 
To VITIATES, vfsh'-e-ale. v. a. [vitio, Lat.] To 

deprave ; to spoil ; to make less pure. Evelyn, 
VITIATION, vish-e-a'-shfin. n. s. Depravation; 

corruption. Harvey. 
To V1TILITIGATES, vl-te-hV-e-gate. v. n. [vitio- 
sus and litigo, Lat.] To contend in law liligiously 

and eavillously. 
VITILITIGATION, vl-te-hVe-ga'-shun. ri. s. Con- 
tention ; cavillation. Hudibras. 
VITIO'SITY, vish-e-os'-e-te. n.s. [vitiosus, Lat.] 

Depravity ; corruption. South. 
VITIOUS S, vlsh'-fis. 461 . a. [vicieux, Fr. ; vitiosus, 

Lat.] Corrupt ; wicked ; opposite to virtuous. Sluik. 

Corrupt ; having physical ill qualities. B. Jonson. 
VI TIOUSLY, vish'-as-le. ad. Not virtuously; cor- 

ruptlv. 
VITIOUSNESS, vish'-fis-ne*s. n. s. Corruptness ; 

state of being vitious. Sliak. Depravation ; stale 

of being vitiated. Wharton. 
VITREOUS S, vit'-tre-fis. a. [litre" , Fr. ; vilreus, Lat.] 

Glassy; consisting of glass ; resembling glass. Ray. 
VITREOUSNESS, vll'-tre-fis-nes. n. s. Resem- 
blance of glass. 
V1TRIFICABLE, ve-trlf-fe-ka-bl. a. Convertible 

into glass. 
To V1TRITICATES, ve-trlf-fe-kale. v. a. [vitrum 

and fucio, Lat.] To change into glass. Bacon. 
VITRIFICATION, vli-tre-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] 

Production of glass; act of changing, or state of 

being changed into glass. Bacon. 
To VITRIFY, vit'-tre-fl. 183. v. a. [vitrifier, Fr. ; vi- 
trum and facto, Lat.] To change into glass. Bacon. 
To VITRIFY, vit'-tre-fl. v. n. to become glass ; to 

be changed into glass. Arbuthnot. 
VITRIOL^, vh'-tre-ul. 166. n. s. [Fr.; vitnolum, 

Lat.] A compound salt, produced by addition of 

a metallick matter with the fossil acid salt. Wood- 
ward. 
VITRIOLATE, vit'-tre-6-late. ) a. [vitriole 1 , Fr.] 
VITRIOL ATED, vii'-re-o-la-t&i. \ Impregnated I 

with vitriol ; consisting of vitriol. Bacon. 
VITRIO'LICK, vlt-re-dF-lk. )a. [vitriolique, Fr.] 
VITRIOLOUS, ve-trF-6-Ius. ] Resembling vitriol; 

containing vitriol. Brcwn. 
VITULINE, vit'-tshu-llne. 149. a. [vitulinus, Lat.] 

Belonging to a calf, or to veal. Bailey. 
VITUTERABLE, ve-tu'-per-a-bl, orvku'-peV-a-bl. 



vituperabilis, Lat.] Blame- 



138, 405. a. [old Fr. 
worthy. Coc/ceram. 
7\> VITUPERATES, ve-tu'-per-ate, or vl-tiV-per- 
atc. 138. v. a. [vituperer, Fr. ; vitupero, Lat.] To 
blame; to censure. Bullokar. 
VITUPERATION, ve-tu-peV-a'-shon, or vl-tu-peY- 
a'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; vituperatio, Lat.] Blame ; cen- 
sure. Donne. 
VITUPERATIVE*, ve-uV-pe>-a-tlv. a. Belonging 

to blame ; containing censure. Arbuthnot. 
VITUPE RIOUS*, vl-tu-pe'-re-us. 138. a. [vitupe- 

rium, Lat.J Disgraceful. Shelton. Oh. T. 
VIVA'CIOUS S, ve-va'-shus, or vl-va'-sh&s. 138. a. 
[vivax, Lat.] Long-lived. Bentley. Sprightly ; gay ; 
active ; lively. Howell. 
VIVA'CIOUSNESS, ve-va'-shfis-nes, or vlo 

vaZ-shus-nes. 138. >■ n. s. 

VIVA'CITY, ve-vas'-e-te, or vl-vas'-e-te. ) 
[vivacite, Fr.] Liveliness ; sprighlliness. Dryden. 
Longevity; length of life. Broion. Power of liv- 
ing. Boyle. 
VIVARY, vl'-va-re. n.s. [vivarium] Lat.] A place 
of land or water, where living creatures are kept. 
In lavv ; it signifies most commonly a park, warren, 
fish-pond, or piscary. Cowel. 
VIVE, vive. a. [vif, Fr.; vivus, Lat.] Lively; forci- 
ble ; pressing. Bacon. 
VFVELY*, vive'-le. ad. In a lively manner; strong- 
ly ; forcibly. Marston. 
VPVENCY, vl'-v&i-se. n.s. [vivo, Lat.] Manner of 
supporting or continuing life or vegetation. Brown. 
VIVES. n. s. A distemper among horses much like 

the strangles. Farrier's Diet. 
VIVID S, vlv'-id. 544. a. [vimdus, Lat.] Lively; 
quick; striking. Boyle. Sprightly; active. South 
VIVIDLY, vh'-M-\e.ad. With life ; with quickness, 

with strength. Boyle. 
VIVIDNESS, viv'-id-nes. n. s. Life; vigour; quick- 
ness. 
VIYTFICAL, vl-vif-fe-kal. a. [vivificus, Lat.] Giv- 
ing life. Bailey. 
To VIVl'FICATE §, vl-vif -fe-kate. 138. v.a. [vivifico, 
Lat.] To make alive; to inform with life; t® ani- 
mate. More. To recover from such a change of 
form as seems to destroy the essential properties : a 
chymical term. 
VIV1FICATION, vrv-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The 

act of giving life. Bacon. 
V1VFF1CATIVE*, vl-v?f-fe-ka-tlv. a. Able to ani- 
mate. More. 
VIVPF1CK, vl-vlf-Ik. 138, 509. a. [vivijique, Fr. ; 

vivificus, Lat.] Giving life; making alive. Ray. 
To VFVIFY, viv'-e-fi. 183. v.a. [vimjier, Fr.; vivus 
and facio, Lat.] To make alive ; to animate ; to 
endue with life. Bacon, 
VIVIPAROUS, vl-vfp'-pa-rus. 138. a. [virus and 
pario, Lat.] Bringing the young alive : opposed to 
oviparous. Brown. 
VIXEN S, vik'-sn. 103. n. s. [from vixen, a fox's 
cubj A froward, quarrelsome person. Shakspeare. 
VIXENLY*, viik'-sn-le. a. Having the qualities or 

manner of a vixen. Barrow. 
VIZ. ad. [videlicet,.] To wit; that is. Holder. 
VIZARDS, vlz'-urd. 88. n. s. [visiere, Fr. See 

Visor.] A mask used for disguise. Bacon. 
To VIZARD, vfz'-fird. v. a. To mask. Shak 

speare. 
VIZIER, vSz'-yere. n. s. [properly wazir.] The prime 

minister of the Turkish empire. Knolles. 
VO'CABLE*, v6'-ka-bl. 405. n. s. [vocable, old Fr.; 

vocabulum, Lat.] A word, Coverdale. 
VOCABULARY, vo-kab'-u-la-rk n. s. [vocabula- 
rium, Lat.] A dictionary ; a lexicon ; a word book. 
Brown. 
VO'CALS v6'-kal. a. [Fr; vocalis, Lat.] Having a 
voice. Crashaw. Uttered or modulated by the 
voice. Hooker. 
VOCALITY, v6-kal'-e-te. n. s. [vocalitas, Lat.] 
Power of utterance ; quality of being utterable by 
• the voice. Holder. 

To VO'CALIZE, v6'-kal-lze, v. a To form int« 
voice, Holder, 

1003 
/ 



VOL 














VOL 


{£F 559.- 


-Fate, far, 


fall 


fat; 


—me, 


met; 


—pine 


pin 5— 



VO'CALLY, v6'-kal-le. ad. In words ; articulately. 
Hale. 

VOCATION, vo-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; vocatio, Lat.] 
Calling- by the will of God. Hooker. Summons. 
Dry den. Trade ; employment ; calling. Sidney. 
It is used ironically in contempt. Swift. 

VO CATIVE, v6k'-a-tiv. 157. a. [vocatif Fr. ; voca- 
tivus, Lat.] Denoting the grammatical case used in 
calling or speaking to. 

To VOCI'FERATE $* vo-slP-gr-ate. v. n. [vocifero, 
Lat.] To clamour ; to make outcries. Johnson. 

VOCIFERATION, v6-sif-er-a'-shun. n. s. [vocif em- 
tio, Lat.] Clamour*, outcry. Arbuthnot. 

VOCIFEROUS, v6-siP-e>-us. a. [vocifero, Lat.] 
Clamorous ; noisy. Chapman. 

VOGUE, v6g. 337. n. s. [Fr.] Fashion; mode; 
popular reception. South. 

VOICE §, v6k 299. n. s. [voix, Fr. ; vox, vocis, Lat.] 
Sound emitted by the mouth. Chapman. Sound 
of the mouth, as distinguished from that uttered by 
another mouth. Bacon. Any sound made by breath. 
Addison. Vote ; suffrage ; opinion expressed. 
Shak. Language; words; expression. Fell. 

To VOICE, v6is. v. a. To rumour ; to report. Sliak. 
To vote. Shak. Ob. J. 

To VOICE, v6is. v.n. To clamour; to make out- 
cries. Bacon. Ob. J. 

VOI'CED,v6ist.359. a. Furnished with a voice. Austin. 

VOID §, v6id. 299. a. [vuide, Fr.] Empty ; vacant. 
Gen. i. Vain ; ineffectual ; null ; vacated. Hooker. 
Unsupplied ; unoccupied. Camden. Wanting; un- 
furnished; empty. Whitgift. Unsubstantial; un- 
real. Pope. 

VOID, v6id. n. s. An empty space ; vacuum ; vacancy. 
Pope. 

To VOID, vSid. v. a. [xmider, Fr.] To quit; to leave 
empty. Sliak. To emit; to pour out. Wilkins. 
To emit as excrement. Bacon. To vacate; to 
nullify; to annul. Clarendon. 

To VO'ID, void. v. n. To be emitted. Wiseman. To 
receive what is emitted. Shakspeare. 

VO'ID ABLE, vSfd'-a-bl. 405. a. Such as may be 
annulled. Ayliffe. 

VO'IDAINCE, v6id'-anse. n. s. The act of empty- 
ing. Ejection from a benefice. 

VO'ID ER, vdid'-fir. 98. n. s. A basket, in which 
broken meat is carried from the table. Cleaveland. 

VO'IDNESS, vdld'-iife. n. s. Emptiness; vacuity. 
Spenser. Nullity ; inefficacy. Want of substan- 
tiality. Hakewilt 

VO'ITURE f vte-\hre'.n.s. [Fr.] Carriage; trans- 
portation by carriage. Arbuthnot. 

VO'LANT, vo'-lant. a. [volans, Lat. ; volant, Fr.] Fly- 
ing ; passing through the air. Wilkins. Nimble; 
active. Milton. 

VOLATILE §,vol'-a-til. 145. a. [ro/atfZis, Lat.] Fly- 
ing ; passing through the air. Bacon, [volatile, Fr.] 
Having the power to pass off by spontaneous evap- 
oration. Milton. Lively ; fickle ; changeable of 
mind; full of spirit; airy. Watts. 

VOLATILE, vol'-a-til. n. s. [volatile, Fr.] A wing- 
ed animal. Brown. 

VO'LATILENESS, v6l'-a-tll-n§s. )n. s. [volatilite, 

VOLATILITY, v6l-a-tu'-e-te. \ Fr.] The qual- 
ity of flying away by evaporation; not fixity. 
Bacon. Mutability of mind; airiness; liveliness. 
Bp. Hopkins. 

VOLATILIZATION, v&l-a-tll-e-za'-shun. n. s. The 

act of making volatile. Boyle. 

To VOLATILIZE, v6l'-a-tll-lze. v. a. [vohtiliser, 

Fr.] To make volatile ; to subtilize to the highest 

degree. Newton. 

VOLCANO, v6l-ka'-n6. [See Lumbago.] n. s. 

[Ital. from Vulcan.] A burning mountain. Brown. 

VOLE, vole. n. s. [Fr.] A deal at cards, that draws 

the whole tricks. Swift. 
VOLERY, v&l'-er-e. 555. n. s. {volerie, Fr.] A flight 

of birds. Locke. 
VOLITA'TION, v&l-e-ta'.-sh&n. n. 5. [volito, Lat.] 

The act or power of flying. Brown. 
VOLITION, v6-lish'-un. n.s. [volitio, Lat.] The act 
of willing ; the power of choice exerted. Wilkins. 



VO'LITIVE, v6l'-e-t'lv. 158. a. Having the power 

to will. Hale. 

VO'LLEY, vol'-le. n. s. [volee, Fr.] A flight of shot. 
Raleigh. A burst; an emission of many at once. 
Shakspeare. 

To VO'LLEY, v6l'-le v. n. To throw out. Shak. 

To VO'LLEY*, v&l'-le. v. a. To discharge as with 
a volley. Sluxkspeare. 

VO'LLIED, vol'-lid. 282. a. Disploded ; discharged 
with a volley. Milton. 

VOLT, volt. n. s. [volte, Fr.] Volt signifies a round 
or a circular tread ; a gait of two treads made by 
a horse going sideways round a centre. Farrier's 
Diet. 

VOLUBI'LITY, v&l-u-bil'-e-te. n. s. [volubilite, Fr. 
volubilitas, Lat.] The act or power of rolling. 
Watts. Activity of tongue ; fluency of speech. 
Shak. Mutability; liableness to revolution. L' Es- 
trange. 

VOLUBLE, v&l'-u-bl. 405. a. [volvbilis, Lat.] Formed 
so as to roll easily ;• formed so as to be easily put 
in mction. Hammond. Rolling ; having quick 
motion. Milton. Nimble; active: applied to the 
tongue. Addison. Fluent of words. Slmkspeare. 

VOLUBLY*, vol'-u-ble. ad. In a voluble manner. 
Hudibras. 

VOLUMES, v6l'-yume. 113. n.s. [volumen, Lat.] 
Something rolled, or convolved. As much as seems 
convolved at once ; as a fold of a serpent, a wave 
of water. Shak. [volume, Fr.] A book : so called, 
because' books were anciently rolled upon a staff". 
Spenser. -** 

VOLU'MINOUS, v6-lu'-me-nfis. a. Consisting of 
many complications. Milton. Consisting of many 
volumes, or books. Milton. Copious; diffusive. 
Clarendon. 

VOLUMINOUSLY, vo-lu'-me-nus-le. ad. In many 
volumes or books. Granville. 

VOLU'MINOUSNESS*, v6-lu'-me-nus-nSs. n. 3. 
State of being voluminous. Dodwell. 

VOLUMIST*, v&l'-u-mist. n. s. One who writes a 
volume ; an author. Milton. Ob. T. 

VOLUNTARILY, v61'-un-ta-re-le. ad. [volontiers, 
Fr.] Spontaneously; of one's own accord j without 
compulsion. Hooker. 

VO LUNTARINESS*, v&l'-un-ta-re-nes. n. s. State 
of beingvoluntary. Hammond. 

VOLUNTARY $,vdl'-un-ta-re. a. [volontaire, Fr.j 
voluntarius, Lat.] Acting without compulsion; 
acting by choice. Hooker. Willing ; acting with 
willingness. Pope. Done by design ; purposed. 
Perkins. Done without compulsion. Locke. Act- 
ing of its own accord ; spontaneous. Hooker. 

VOLUNTARY, vol'-un-ta-re. n. s. A volunteer; 
one who engages in any affair of his own accord. 
Shak. A piece of musick played at will, without 
any settled rule. CleaveUmd. 

VOLUNTEE'R, vol-Gn-teer'. n. s. [voluntaire, Fr.] 
A soldier who enters into the service of his own ac- 
cord. Collier. 

To VOLUNTEE'R, vol-fin-teer'. v. n. To go for a 
soldier. Dryden. 

VOLU'PTUARY, v6-lflp'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [volup- 
tuaire, Fr. ; voluptuarius , Lat.] A man given up to 



pleasure and luxury. Atterbury. 
r l" 



VOLU'PTUOUS§, v6-lup'-tshu"-us. a. [vohipt 
Lai.-, voluplueux, Fr.] Given to excess of pies 



>tuosus r 
x leasure 
luxurious. Spenser. 

0CT This word is frequently mispronounced as if written 
volupshus, — See Presumptuous. W. 

VOLU'PTUOUSLY, vo-lup'-tshu-us,le. ad. Luxuri- 
ously; with indulgence of excessive pleasure. South. 

VOLUPTUOUSNESS, vo-lup'-tshu-us-nes. *i. s. 
Luxuriousness 3 addictedness to excess of pleasure. 
Shakspeare. 

VOLUTATION, v&l-u-ta'-sh&m n. s. \yolutatio, 
Lat.] Wallowing-.; rolling. Bp. Reynolds. 

VO'LUTE, vo-biie'. n. s [Fr.] A member of a 
column. Thjat part of the capitals of the lonick, 
Corinthian, and Composite orders, which is sup- 
posed to represent the bark of trees twisted an* 
turned into spiral L nes. Harm- 
1004 



vow 



VUL 



-n6, move, nfir, not ; — tube, tub, bull 3 — 6)1 ; — pound 3 — th'm, Tins. 



Jreedily : 



VOMICA, v6m'-e-ka. n. s. [Lat.] An encysted 

tumour in the lungs. Arhuthnot. 
VOMICK-NUT, vain '-Ik-nut. n. 5. The nucleus of a 
fruit of an East Indian tree, the wood of which is 
the snakeweed of the shops. Hill. 
To VOMIT j, v6m'-it. v. n. [vomo, Lat.] To cast up 

the contents of the stomach. More. 
To VOMIT, vom'-it. v.a. [vomir, Fr.l To throw up 
from the stomach. Jonah, ii. To throw up with 
violence from any hollow. 
VO MIT, vom'-it. ~n. s. The matter thrown up from 
the stomach. Sandys. An emetick medicine 5 a 
medicine that causes vomit. Blackmore. 
VOMITION, vo-mish'-fin. n. s. [vomo, Lat.] The 

act or power of vomiting:. Grew. 
VOMITIVE, vom'-e-tlv. 158. a. [vomitif Fr.] Emet- 
ick; causing; vomits. Brown. 
VOMITORY, v&in'-e-tur-e. 512. [See Domestick.] 
a. [vomitoire, Fr. ; romitorius, Lat.] Procuring" 
vomits; emetick. Brown. 
VORA CIOUS$, vO-ra'-shfis. 357. a. [vorace, Fr. 5 vo- 
rax, Lat.] Greedy to eat ; ravenous ; edacious. 
Gov. of the Ton true. Rapacious; greedy. 
VORACIOUSLY, v6-ra'-shfis-)e. ad. G 

ravenously. Bosicell. 

VORACIOUSNESS, vo-ra'-shfis-nes. > n. s. [vo- 

VORA'CITY, vO-ras'-se-te. \ radii, Fr. ; 

vorai-ilas, Lat.] Greediness; ravin; ravenous- 

ness. Sandys. 

VORA'GINOUS*, vo-rad'-jln-fis. a. [voraginosus, 

Lat.] Full of gulfs. Scott. 
VORTEX, v6r'-teks. n. 5. In the plural, vortices. 

[LatJ Any thing whirled round. J\eicton. 
VORTICAL, vdr'-te-kal. 88. a. Having a whirling 

motion. Newton. 
VO TARESS, v6'-ta-res. n. s. [female of rotary.] A 

woman devoted to any worship or state. Sliak. 
VOTAR1ST, v6'-ta-rist. n. s. One devoted to any 
person or thing ; one given up by a vow to any j 
service or worship; votary. Milton. 
VO'TARY, v6'-ta-re. n. s. One devoted, as by a i 
vow, to any particular service, worship, study, or 
state of life Locke. 
VOTARY, v6'-ta-re. a. Consequent to a vow. Bacon. ' 
VOTE§, vote. n.s. [votum, Lat.] Suffrage; voice' 
given and numbered. Roscommon. United voice 1 
of persons in publick prayer. See Suffrage. | 
Bv. Prideaux. I 

To VOTE, vote. v. a. To choose by suffrage; to deter- 
mine by suffrage. Bacon. To give by vote. Swift. 
VO'TER, v6'-tfir. 98. n. s. One who has the right 

ofgiving his voice or suffrage. Swift. 
VOTIVE, v6'-tlv. 157. a. [yolivus, Lat.] Given by 
vow; observed in consequence of a vow. Feltham. 
To VOUCH $, vS&tsh. 313. v.a. [voucher, Norm. Fr.] 
To call to witness; to obtest. South. To attest; 
to warrant; to declare; to maintain by repealed 
affirmations. Locke. 
To VOUCH, vd&tsh. v. n. To bear witness ; to ap- 
pear as a witness ; to give testimony. Swift. 
VOUCH, vSfitsh. n. s. Warrant; attestation. Shak. 
VOUCHER, v6fitsh'-fir. 98. n. s. One who gives 
witness to any thing. Spectator. Testimony. Locke. 
To VOUCHSAFE §, vofitsh-safe'. v. a. To permit 
any thing to be done without danger. To conde- 
scend to grant. Sidney. 
To VOUCHSAFE, vMtsh-safe'. v.n. To deign; 

to condescend ; to yield. Sidney. 
VOUCHSA'FEMENT, v&utsh-safe'-ment. n. s. 

Grant ; condescension. Boyle. 
VOW$ v6u. 323. n. s. [vozu, Fr. ; votum, Lat.] Any 
promise made to a divine power ; an act of devo- 
tion, by which some part of life, or some part of 
possessions, is consecrated to a particular purpose. 
Hammond. A solemn promise, commonly used 
for a promise of love or matrimony. Slwtkspeare. 
To VOW, v6u. i\ a. [vouer, Fr. ; voveo, Lat.] To 
consecrate by a solemn dedication; to give to a di- 
vine power. Hooker. To devote : a ceremonial 
phra«». Spenser. . 
To VO W v6u. v. n. To make vows or solemn prom- 
ises. Stunting. 



VOWED, v6ud. part. pass. Consecrated by solemn 

declaration. Milton^t 
VOWEL §, vda'-ll. 99>«£3. n.s. [royelle, Fr.} ro- 

calis, Lat.] A letter which can be utiered by itself 

Holder. 
VO WELLED*, v6u'-eld. a. Furnished with vow 

els. Dryden. 
VO'WER*, vou -fir. n. s. One who makes a vow 

Sanderson. 
VOWFE'LLOW, vofi'-fel-lfi. n.s. [row and fellow.] 

One bound by the same vow. Shaksjieare. 
VO'YAGE$, vde'-adje. 90. n.s. [voyage, Fr., from 

viam agere, Lat.] A travel by sea or land, former- 
ly 3 now applied only to that by sea. Spe?iser. 

Course ; attempt ; undertaking : a low phrase. 

Sliakspeare. The practice of travelling. Bacon. 
To VOYAGE, vde'-adje. v. n. [voijager, Fr.] To 

travel : now appropriated to travelling by sea. 

Milton. 
To VO'YAGE, vSe'-adje. v.a. To travel 3 to pass 

over. Milton. 
VOYAGER, vde'-a-jur. 98. n. s. [voyageur, Fr.] 

One who travels by sea. Donne. 
VULCA'NO, vfil-ka'-nO. [See Lumbago.] n.s. 

[ltal.] A burning mountain, commonly written 

volcano. Arbuthnot. 
VU'LGAR, vfil'-gfir. 88. a. [vulgaire, Fr. ; vulgaris, 

Lat.] Plebeian ; suiting to the common people , 

practised among the common people. Addison. 

Vernacular ; national. Fell. Mean ; low ; being 

of the common rate. South. Publick 3 commonly 

bruited. Sliakspeare. 
VU'LGAR, vfil'-gfir. n.s. [vulgaire, Fr.] The com- 
mon people. Sliakspeare. 
VU'LGARISM, vfil'-ga-rlzm. n. s. Grossness j mean 

ness: vulgarity. Reynolds. 
To VU'LGARIZE*, vfiF-ga-rlze. v.a. To render 

mean or vulgar. Arbuthnot. 
VULGA'RITY, vfil-gar'-e-te. n. s. Meanness ; state 

of the lowest people. Brown. Mean or gross mode. 

Dryden. 
VULGARLY, vfil'-gfir-le. ad. Commonly 3 in the 

ordinary manner ; among the common people 

Daniel. 
VU'LGATE*, vfil'-gat. a. [vulgatus, Lat.] Belong- 
ing to a noted. Latin version of the Old and New 

Testament. Blackwall. 
VU'LGATE*, vfil'-gat. n. s. An ancient Latin 

translation of the Bible ; the only one which the 

Church of Rome acknowledges to be authenlick. 

Chambers. 
VULNERABLE, v&l'-nfir-a-bl. a. [vulnerabilis, 

Lat.] Susceptive of wounds ; liable to external 

injuries. Sliakspeare. 
VU'LNERARY, vfil'-nfir-a-re. 555. a. [vulneraire, 

Fr. ; vulnerarius, Lat.] Useful in the cure of 

wounds. Brown. 
!To VU'LNERATE§,vfil'-nur-ate. 91. v.a. [vuhie- 

ro, Lat.]' To wound; to hurt. Glativille. 
VULNERATION*, v&l-nur-a'-shfin. n.s. Act of 

wounding; infliction of wounds. Pearson. 
VU'LPINE, vfil'-p'm, or v&l'-plne. a. [iwlpinus, Lat.) 

vulpine, old Fr.j Belonging to a fox ; like a fox. 

Feltham. 

95= Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott mark the i in the last 
syllable long, as in pine. I am inclined to shorten it 
with Mr. Perry, like pin ; and my reason is, th.a the 
accent immediately precedes it.-^-See Principles, No. 
140. W. 

VU'LTURE$, vfil'-tshfire. n.s. [vultur, Lat.] A 
large bird of prey, remarkable for voraciiy. Spen- 
ser. 

VU'LTURINE, vfil'-lshfi-rlne. 149. a. [vulturinus, 
Lat.] Belonging to a vulture. 

{£?= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Buchanan, and Mr 
Nares.make the i in the last syllable of this word long 
asinine. I join them in this pronunciation, because 
the accent is two syllables higher. W. 

VU'LTUROUS*, vfil'-tshfir-fis. a. Like a vulture j 
voracious. Hammond. 

100* 



i 

I 



WAX* 



WAI 



(D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m<k;— pine, pin;— 



Wis a letter of which the form is not to be found 
in the alphabets of tfce learned languages ; 
though it is not improbable that by our w is ex- 
pressed the sound of the Roman v, and the Eoliok 
/. Both the form and sound are excluded from the 
languages derived from the Latin. 

TV is sometimes improperly used in diphthongs as a 
vowel, for u, view ; strew : the sound of w conso- 
nant, if it be a consonant, is uniform. 474. 

To WA'BBLE, wob'-bl. 405. v.n. [ A low, barbarous 
word.] To move from side to side ; to change di- 
rection. Moxon. 

WAD, w6d. n. s. [peob, Sax.] A bundle of straw or 
oilier loose matter thrust close together. Wadd, or 
black lead, is a mineral of great use and value, 
[pab, Sax.] Any thing crammed or stuffed 
in ; as tow into a gun or cannon, [vad, rod, Icel.] 
May d man. Old English for woad : which see. 

WA'DDL\G,wdd'-diug. n.s. [vad, Icel.] A kind of 
soft stuff loosely woven, with which the skirts of 
coats are stuffed out. 

To WA'DDLE, wdd'-dl. 405. v.n. [wedeln, Germ.] i 
To shake in walking from side to side; to deviate 
in motion from a right line. Shakspeare. 

To WADE, wade. v. n. [vadum, Lat.] To walk j 
through the waters; to pass water without swim-! 
ming. Shak. To pass difficultly and laboriously, j 
Hooker. 

WA'FER, wa'-fur. 98. n.s. [wo/el, Dutch.] A thin' 
cake. Tusser. The bread given in the eucharist ( 
by the Romanists. Bp. Hall. Paste made to close j 
leilers. 

To WAFT §, waft. v. a. preter. wafted, or perhaps 
waft ; part. pass, wafted, or waft, [probably from 
wave; veifa, Icel.; wefla, Suelh.] To carry through 
the air, or on the water. Shalt. To buoj' ; to 
make float; to hinder from sinking. Brown. To 
beckon ; to inform by a sign of any thing moving. 
Shakspeare. To turn. Shakspeare. 

ftCp Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Scott, pronounce 
the «, in this word, as I have marked it: Mr. Perry 
adopts the a in father ; and, though Mr. v Smith thinks 
this the true sound, he confesses the short a is daily gain- I 
ing ground ; but VV. Johnston, for want of attending to I 
the ru)e laid down in Principles, No. 85, makes waft 
rhyme with soft .- Mr. Nares has not got the word ; but, 
by omitting it in classes where the a is pronounced as 
in father and water, shows he is of opinion it ought to 
have the sound I have given it. W. 

To WAFT .waft. r. n. To float. Bp. Hall. 

WAFT, waft. n.s. A floating body. Thomson. 
Motion of a streamer : used as a token or mean of 
information at sea. 

WA'FTAGE, waft'-ldje. 90. n. s. Carriage by water 
or air. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 

WA'FTER, waft'-iir. n. s. A passage boat. Ains- 
uort't. One who wafts or conveys. Beaum. and Fl. 

WA'FTURE, waf'-lshure. 4G1. n.s. The act of 
waving. Shakspeare. 

To WAG §, wag. 85. v. a. [pa£ian, Sax. ; waggen, 
Dutch.] To^move lightly; to shake slightly. Lam. ii. 

To WAG, wag. v.n. To be in quick or ludicrous 
motion. S f wk. To go ; to pack off. Shale. To be 
mo"ed. Drijden. 

WAG, wag. n.s. [poe^an, Sax.] Any one ludicrous- 
ly mischievous ; a merry droll. Sidney. 

WAGE §, wadje. n. s. The plural wages is now only 
used, [wegen, or wagen, Germ.] Pay given for 
service. Shakspeare. Gage; pledge. Spenser. 

To WAGE, wadje. v. a. [the origination is not easi- 
ly discovered.]- T» attempt; to venture. Shak. To 
make ; to carry on : applied to war. Sliak. [from 
wage, wages.] To set to hire. Spenser. To take 
to hire ; to hire for pay ; to hold in pay ; to em- 
ploy for wages. Shak. [Inlaw.] When an action 
of debt is brought against one, as for money or 
chattels, the defendant may wage his law : that is, 
swear, and certain persons with him, that he owes 
nothing to the plaintiff in manner as he hath de- 
clared. The offer to make the oath is called wager 
of law. Bu/unt. — This word is now only used in 
the phrase to wage war. 



WA'GER §, wa'-j&r. 98. n.s. [from wage, to venture.] 
A bet ; any thing pledged upon a chance or per- 
formance. Sidney. Subject on which bets are laid. 
Sidney. [In law.] An offer to make oath. This 
legal sense is not confined to making oath, but ex- 
tends to offering justification or proof in any way. 
Blackstone. 

To WA'GER, wa/-j&r. v. a. To lay; to pledge as a 
bet ; to pledge upon some casualty or performance 
Beaumont and FlelcJier. 

To WAGER*, wa'-jur. v. n. To offer a wager. 
Shakspeare. 

\\ A'GERER* wa'-j&r-fir. n. s. One who bets ; one 
who wagers. Swift. 

WA'GES, wa'-jrz. 99. n.s. See Wage. 

WA'GGERY, wag'-gur-e. 555. n.s. [from wag.] 
Mischievous merriment; roguish trick ; sarcastical 
gay el y. Locke. 

WA'GGISH, wag'-ish. 383. a. Knavishly merry ; 
merrily mischievous; frolicksome. SlwJcspeare. 

WAGGISHLY, wag'-ish-le. ad. In a waggish 
maimer. B. Jonson. 

WA'GGISHNESS, wag'-fsh-i^s. n.s. Merry mis- 
•hief. Bacon. 

To WAGGLE, wag'-gl. 405. v.n. [umgghelen, 
Dutch.] To waddle; to move from side to side. 
Sidney. 

WA'GGON>, \ W3ff UD - 166 ' ? waeghens, Dutch ; 

vagn, Icel.] [ Wagon is strictly conformable to the 

etymology; but waggon is the prevail in<* form. 
Todd.] A heavy carriage for burthens. Knolles. 

A chariot. Spenser. 
WA'GONAGE, wag'-un-ldje. n.s. Money paid for 

carriage in a wagon. 
WA GONER, wag'-un-ur. 98. n. s. One who 

drives a wagon. Spenser. 
WA'GTAIL. wag'-tale. n.s. A bird. Shakspeare. 
WAID, wade. 202. a. [probably for weighed.) Crush- 
ed. Sliakspeare. 
WAIF, wife. ) n. s. [wavium, waivitim, law Lat. ; 
WA1FT*, waft. \ from wave.] Goods found, but 

claimed by nobody ; that of which every one 

waves the claim. Spenser. 
7b WAIL §, wale. v. a. [vaela, Icel. ; wail, Goth.] 

To moan ; to lament ; to bewail. Shakspeare. 
To WAIL, wale. 202. v. n. To grieve audibly ; to 

express sorrow. Mic. i. 
WAIL, wale. n.s. Audible sorrow; lamentation. 

Brown. 
WAILFUL, wale'-ful. a. Sorrowful; mournful. 

Shakspeare. 
WA'ILINGjWaMfng^lO. n.s. Lamentation; moan; 

audible sorrow. Spenser. 
WAIN, wane. n.s. [contracted from wagon.] A 

carriage. Spenser. 
WA'INAGE, wa'-nldje. n. s. A finding of carriages. 

Ainsworth. 
WATNROPE, wane'-r6pe. n.s. [wain and rope.] A 

large cord, with which the load is tied on the wag- 
on ; cartrope. Shakspeare. 
WA'INSCOT, wen'-skut. n. s. [wageschot, Dutch.] 

The inner wooden covering of a wall. Bacon. 

$3= I have given the common sound of this word, and as 
it is marked by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, 
and adopted in Steele's Grammar. Mr. Perry pro- 
nounces the first syllable so as to rhyme with man ; 
but W. Johnston, who pronounces both this word and 
waistcoat regularly, is, in my opinion, the most cor- 
rect. W. 

To WA'INSCOT, weV-skut. v. a. [icaegenschotten r 
Dutch.] To line walls with boards. Bacon. To 
line buildings with different materials. Greic. 

WAIR, ware. n. s. [In carpentry.] A piece of tim- 
ber two yards long, and a foot broad. Bailey. 

WAIST$, waste, n.s. [gwase, Welsh; wahstus. 
M. Goth.] The smallest part of the body ; the 
part below the ribs. Milton. The middle deck 
or floor of a ship. Dryden. 

WAISTBAND*, wast'-band. n.s. That part of the 
breeches which encircles the waist. Taller. 
1006 



WAL 



WAL 



—116, move, ndr, n6t j— tube, tub, bftll ; — 611 ; — p6und ;—th\a, mis. 



WA'ISTCOAT, wes'-k6t. n.s. An inner coat; a 
coat close to the body. Richardson. 

$3""I\iis word lias fallen into t he general contraction 
Observable in similar compounds, but, in my opinion, 
not so irrecoverably as some others have done; It would 
scarcely sound pedant ick if both parts of tho word 
were pronounced with equal distinctness; though Mr. 
Sheridan and Mr. Scott pronounce the diphthong as 1 
have marked it. W. 

To WAIT?, wile. v. a. [wachten, Dutch.] To ex- 
pect ; to stay for. Shak. To attend ; to accompa- 
ny with submission or respect. Di-ydett. To at- 
tend bs a consequence of something. Phi/lips. To 
watch as an enemy. Job, xv. 
To WAIT, wate. v. n. To expect ; to stay in ex- 
pectation. Job. xiv. To pay servile or submissive 
attendance. Milton. To attend : with on. A phrase 
of ceremony. Shdk. To stay; not to depart from. 
South. To stay by reason of some hinderauce. 
To look watchfully. Bacon. To lie in ambush as 
an enemy. Milton. To lbllow as a consequence. 
Decay of Chr. Piety. 

WAIT, wale. n.s. Ambush; insidious and secret 
attempts. It is commonly used in these phrases : 
to fay wait, and to liein wait. Num. xxxv. 

WATFER, wa'-iur. 98. n.s. An attendant; one who 
attends lor the accommodation of others. B. Jon- 
son. 

WAITING Gentlewoman. ~) n. s. An upper servant, 

W A ITING Maid. S- who attends on a lady 

WA'ITIXG l-Traw/!. ) in her chamber. Shale. 

WAITS*, wats. 7i. s. pi. [wants, Grotli.] Nocturnal 
itinerant musicians. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To WAIVE f, wave. v. a. To put off'; to quit ; to re- 
linquish. See To Wave and To Weive. 

$£/=" I have inserted this word on the authority of Black- 
stone, quoted by Mr. Mason, as may be seen under the 
word Waif, and I remember to have seen it spelled in 
this manner, though I cannot recollect by whom. Its 
etymology is uncertain ; but distinguishing it from the 
word icaoe, from which it can scarcely be derived, is of I 
real utility to the language, which, as much as possi- 
ble, ought to adopt a different orthography to express a 
different sense or a different pronunciation. — See Bowl. 
W. 

To WAKE §, wake. v.n. [icakan, Goth. ; pacian, 

Sax.; waecken, Dutch.] To watch; not to sleep. 

Spenser. To be roused from sleep. Milton. To 

cease to sleep. Sidney. To be quick; to be alive. 

Dryden. To be put in action ; to be excited. 

Milton. 
To WAKE, wake. v. a. [peccian, Sax, ; wecken. 

Dutch.] To rouse from sleep. Shak. To excite ; 

to put in motion, or action. Joel, iii. To bring' to 

life again, as if from the sleep of death. Milton. 

[wakna, Goth.] To watch or attend a corpse. Bp. 

o/Killala. 
WAKE, wake. n. s. The feast of the dedication of 

the church, formerly kept by watching all night. 

Tusser. Vigils; stale of ibrbearing sleep. Milton. 

Act of waking from sleep. Old Song of Robin 

Goodfellow. The track formed on the water by 

the course of a ship. 
WA'KEFUL, wake'-ful. a. Not sleeping; vigilant 

Spenser. 
WA KEFULNESS, wake'-lul-nes. n. s. Want of 

sleep. Bacon. Forbearance of sleep. More. 
To WAKEN, wa'-k'n. 103. v.n. To watch ; not to 

sleep. Beaum. and Fl. To cease from sleep ; to 

be roused from sleep. Dryden. 
To WA'KEN, wa'-k'n. r. a. To rouse from sleep. 

Zee >i. iv. .To excite to action. Roscommon. To 

produce ; to excite. Milton. 
WAKENER*^ wa'-k'n-fir. n. s. An exciter. Feltham. 
WA'KER*, vva'-kur. n. s. One who watches. Pr. 

Pan\ One who rouses from sleep. B. Jonson. 
WAKEROBLN, wake'-rob-m. n.s. A plant. Miller. 
WAKING*, wa'-king. n. s. Watch : obsolete. 

Wicliff'e. The period of continuing awake. Butler. 
WALE, wale. n. s. Jpel. Sax.] A rising part in the 

surface of cloth. Beaumont, and Flelclier. 
To WALKS, wawk. 84. v.n. [walen, Germ. j peal- 



can. Sax.] To move by leisurely steps, so that one 
foot is set down belbre the other is takt.-n up. Clar- 
endon. It is used in the ceremonious language of 
invitation, for come, or go. Sha/c. To move lor ex- 
ercise or amusement. Shak. To move the slowest 
pace; not to trot, gallop, or amble: applied to a 
horse. To appear as a spectre. Shak. To act on 
any occasion. B. Jonson. To be in motion : ap- 
plied to a clamorous or abusive female tongue, and 
is still, in low language, retained. Spenser. To act 
in sleep. Shak. To range; to bestirring. Sha/c r 
To move off; to depart. Spenser. To act in any 
particular manner. Mic. vi. To travel. Deul. ii. 
To WALK, wawk. v. a. To pass through. Shak. 
To lead out, for the sake of air or exercise : as, 
He walked his horse in the meadow. To conduct j 
to lead. Harmar. 
WALK, wawk. 84. n. s. Act of walking for air or 
exercise. Milton. Gail ; step ; manner of moving. 
Dryden. A length of space, or circuit through 
which one walks. Shak. An avenue set with trees. 
Shak. Way; road; range; place of wandering. 
Sandys. Region; space. Pope. A fish. Ains- 
worth. The slowest or least raised pace, or going; 
of a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
WA'LKER, wawk'-ur. 98. n. s. [ppalcepe, Sax.} 
One that walks. Swift. One who acts in any par- 
ticular manner. Bp. Compton. A fuller; a walk- 
mill; a fulling-mill, [yxdeher, Dutch ; walcken, 
Teut.] Old Ballad of the Boy and the Mantle. 
WA'LKINGSTAFF, wawk'-mg-staff. n. s. A stick 
which a man holds to support him in walking. 
Glamnlle. 
WALL v, wall. 33,77, 84. n.s. [wal, Welsh ; val- 
lum, Lat. ; pall, Sax. ; walle, Dutch.] A series of 
brick or stone, or other materials carried upwards, 
and cemented with mortar; the side of a building. 
Wotton. Fortification ; works built for defence : 
in this sense it is used plurally. Shak. — Totakethe 
icall. To take the upper place ; not to give place. 
Shakspeare. 
To WALL. wall. v. a. To enclose with walls ; to 
surround as with a wall. Shak. To defend by 
walls. Spenser. To fill up with a wall. Lord Lyi 
telton. 
WA'LLCREEPER, wall'-kreep-Qr. n. s. A bird. 

Aim worth. 
WA'LLET, w&l'-Iit. 85, 99. n. s. [peallian, Sax.] A 
bag in which the necessaries of a traveller are 
put; a knapsack. Addison. Anything protuber- 
ant. and swagging. Shakspeare. 
WALLEYE, wafi'-l. n.s. [from waff and eye.] A 
disease in the crystalline humour of the eye ; the 
glaucoma. B. Jonson. 
WALLE'YED, wall'-ide. a. [wall and eye.] Having 

white eyes. Shakspeare. 
WA'LLFLOWER, wall'-flou-ur. n.s. A species of 

stoekgillyflower. 
WA'LLFRUIT, wall'-froot. n. s. Fruit, winch to be 
ripened must be planted against a wall. Mortimer. 
WALL-LOUSE, wall'-l&fise. n.s. An insect; a bug. 

A ins worth. 
To WA'LLOP, wol'-lup. 166. v. n. [pealan, Sax.] 

To boil. 
To WALLOW §, w6!'-l6. 85. v. n. [ivalugan, Goth. ; 
palpian, Sax.] To move heavily and clumsily. 
Milton. To roll one's self in mire, or any thing 
filthy ; to roli upon any thing. St. Mark, xi. To 
live in any state of filth or gross vice. South. 
To WA'LLOW* w&l'-lo. v. a. To roll. Jer. vi. 
WA'LLOW, wdl'-lo. 85. n. s. A kind of rolling 

walk. Dryden. 
WA'LLOWER* w6l'-l6-ur. n.s. One who rolls 

himself in mire. Nevile. 
WA'LLOWISH*. wol'-lo-lsh. a. Filthy. Overbun, 
WALLRU'E, wall'-rfio. n. s. An herb. Ainswortli 
WALLPEPPERt, wall'-pep-pur. n. s. House 

leek. 
WA'LLWORT, wall'-wfirt. n.s. A plan t/the same 

with dwarf-elder, or daneworl. 
WA'LNUT, wall'-n&t. n. s. [pa!h hnuta, Sax.] A 
tree and fruit. Miller. 

1007 



0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat; 


— me, mfa ; — pine, pin ; — 



WA'LTRON, wall'-tr&n. 166. n. s. The sea-horse. 

Woodward. 

To WAMBLE, w&m'-bl. 405. v. n. [wemmelen, 
Dutch.] To roll with nausea and sickness : it is used 
of the stomach. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

WAN $, w6n. 85. a. [pan, Sax. ; gwan, Welsh, 
weakly.] Pale, as with sickness; languid look. 
Spenser. 

$£r Mr. Sheridan has given the a, in this word and its 
compounds, the same sound as in man. Mr. Scott and 
Dr. Kenrick have given both the sound 1 have given 
and Mr. Sheridan'*, but seem to prefer the former by 
placing it first. J have always heard it pronounced 
like the first syllab e of wan-ton ; and find Mr. Nares, 
W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, have so marked it. I 
toave, indeed, heard wan, the old preterit of the verb to 
win, pronounced so as to rhyme with ran: but as this 
form of the verb is obsolete, the pronunciation is so 
too. — See Wasp. W. 

WAN, for won ; the old pret. of win. Spenser. 
WAND, w&ml. [wond. Sheridan, Jones, Perry ; 

wand, Fulton and Knight.] n. s. [vaajid, Dan.; 

wand, Su. Goth.] A small stick, or twig; a long 

rod. Siuik. Any staff of authority, or use. Milton. 

A charming rod. Milton. 
ToWA'NDER$, wdn'-d&r. 98. i.. n. [panbnian, 

Sax. ; wandelen, Dutch.] To rove ; to ramble here 
without 



and there; to 



any certain course. 



Shak. To deviate ; to go astray. Ps. cxix. 

To WA'NDER, won'-diV. v. a. To travel over, 
without a certain course. Milton. 

WANDERER, wdn'-dur-tir. 555. n. s. Rover; ram- 
bler. B. Jonson. 

WA'NDERING, w&n'-d&r-mg. 410. n.s. Uncertain 
peregrination. Addison. Abberration ; mistaken 
way. Decay of Chr. Piety. Incertainty ; want of 

WA'NDERINGLY*, w&n'-d&r-mg-le. ad. In an un- 
certain, unsteady manner. Bp. Taylo, 



To WANE$, wane. 



[panian, Sax.] To grow 



less; to decrease: applied to the moon; opposed 
to wax. Hakewill. To decline; to sink. Shak. 

To WANE*, wane. v. a. To cause to wane. B. 
Jonson. Ob. T. 

WANE, wane. n.s. Decrease of the moon. Bacon. 
Decline; diminution; declension. South. 

WANG, wing. n. s. fpan#-eo?S; Sax.] Jaw teeth. 
Ainsworth. [j-ceo-Span^ 1 , Sax.] The latchet of a 
shoe ; a shoe-thong ; a shoe-wang. Ray. 

WA'NHOPE*, w6n / -h6pe. n.s. [pana, Sax.; and 
hope.} Want of hope. Lib. Fest. Ob. T. 

WA'NNED, wond. 85, 359. a. Turned pale and 
faint-coloured. Shakspeare. 

WA'NNESS, won'-nes. [See Wan.] n. s. Paleness ; 
languor. 

WA'NNISH*, w&n'-nlsh. a. Of a pale or wan hue. 
Fairfax. 

To WANT §, wftnt. v. a. [the past participle of pa- 
nian, Sax.] To be without something fit or neces- 
sary. Ecrl. vi. To be defective in something. 
Milton. To fall short of; not to contain. Milton. 
To be without ; not to have. Milton. To need ; to 
have need of; to lack. Holder. To wish ; to long ; 
to desire. Addison. 

To WANT, wont. 85. v.n. To be wanted ; to be 
improperly absent; not to be in sufficient quantity. 
Milton. To fail ; to be deficient. Milton. To be 
missed ; to be not had. Dnjden. 

WANT, w6nl. n.s. Need. Milton. Deficiency. 
Dryden. The state of not having. Pope. Pover- 
ty ; penury ; indigence. Swift, [panb, Sax.] A 
mole. Heylin. 

WA'NTLESS*, w&nl'-les. a. Abundant; fruitful. 
Warner. 

WA'NTON$, won'-t&n. 166. a. [faenta, Goth.; 
raanden, Danish.] Lascivious ; libidinous ; lecher- 
ous; lustful. Shak. Licentious; dissolute. Shak. 
Frolicksome ; gay; sportive; airy. Shak. Loose; 
unrestrained. Addison. Quick and irregular of 
motion. Milton. Luxuriant ; superfluous. Milton. 
Not regular ; turned fortuitously. Shakspeare. 
WA'NTON, w&n'-t&n. n.s. A lascivious person ; a 
strumpet; a whoremonger. Sliak. A trifler; an 



insignificant fiutterer. Shak. A word of slight en 
dearment. B. Jonson. 

To WA'NTON, w&.i'-ifin. v. n. To play lascivi 
ously. Prior. To revel; to play. Otway. To 
move nimbly and irregularly 

To WA'NTON*, won'-t&n. v. a. To make wanton. 
Feltliam. 

To WA'NTONIZE*, w&n'-tun-lze. v. n. To be- 
have wantonly or dissolutelv. Daniel. 

WA'NTONLY, w&n'-tun-le.' ad. Lasciviously; frol- 
icksomely ; gayly ; sportively ; carelessly. Drayton. 

WA'NTONNESS, w6n'-tu.i-nes. n. s. Lascivious. 
ness; lechery. South. Sporliveness ; frolick; hu- 
mour. Shak. Licentiousness; negligence of re- 
straint. King Charles. 

WA'NTWIT, w&m'-wft. n. s. A fool ; an idiot. 
Shakspeare. 

WA'NTY, won'-le. n. s. A broad girth of leather, 
by which the load is bound upon the horse ; a stir 
cingle. Tusser. 

WA'PED f, wa'-ped. a. Dejected ; crushed by mis 
ery. Obsolete. 

WAPENTAKE, wa'-pen-take. n. s. [paepun. Sax., 
and tekan, Goth. ; icapentakium, low Lat.] Wapen- 
take is what we call a hundred: as, Upon a meet- 
ing for that purpose, they touched each others 
weapons, in token of their fidelity and allegiance. 
Cowel. 

WA'PPERED*, w&p'-p&rd. a. Restless; fatigued. 
Grose. 

WAR§, war. 85. n. s. [werre, old Dutch ; guen-e, 
Fr.; wer, Germ, and A. Sax.] The exercise of vio- 
lence under sovereign command against with- 
standers. Raleigh. The instruments of war, in 
poetical language. Prior. Forces; army. Mi/ton. 
The profession of arms. Wisdom, xxviii. Hostility; 
state of opposition ; act of opposition. Shakspeare. 

To WAR, war. v. n. To make war ; to be in a slate 
of hostility. 2 Sam. xxii. 

To WAR, war. ?>. a. To make war upon. Daniel. 

7 7 oWA'RBLE§, war'-bl. 405. v. a. [werbler, old 
Fr.] To quaver any sound. Milton. To cause to 
quaver. Milton. To utter musically. Milton. 

To WARBLE, war'-bl. v. n. To be quavered. Gay. 
To be uttered melodiously. Sidney. To sing. 
Milton. 

WA'RBLE*, war'-bl. n. s. A song. Gray. 

WA'RBLER, war'-bl-fir. 98. n.s. A singer; a song- 
sier. Tickell. 

WARD. A syllable much used as an affix in com- 
position : as, heai'enward, with tendency to heaven ; 
hitherward, this way : from peajib, Sax. : it notes 
tendency to or from. 

7VWARD §, ward. v. a. [peapbian, Sax. ;warcn, 
Dut.] To guard; to watch. Spe7iser. To defend; 
to protect. Shak. To fence off; to obstruct or 
turn aside any thing mischievous. Fairfax. . 

To WARD, ward. v.n. To be vigilant; to keep 
guard. To act upon the defensive with a weapon. 
Sidney. 

WARD, ward. 85. n. s. Watch ; act of guarding. 
Spenser. Garrison; those who are intrusted to 
keep a place. Spenser. Guard made by a weapon 
in fencing. Sliak. Fortress ; strong hold. Shak. 
[warda, law Lat.] District of a town. Dryden. 
Custody ; confinement. Hooker. The part of a 

■ lock, which, corresponding to the proper key, 
hinders any other from opening it. Milton. One 
in the hands of a guardian. Drummond. The state 
of a child under a guardian. Shak. Guardian- 
ship; right over orphans. Spenser. 

WA'RDEN, war'-dn. 103. n.s. [waerden, Dutch.] A 
keeper ; a guardian. A head officer. Garth. — 
Warden of the cinque ports. A magistrate that has 
the jurisdiction of those havens in the east part of 
England, commonly called the cinque ports, or 
five havens, who has there all that jurisdiction 
which the admiral of England has in places not 
exempt. Cowel. A large pear. May. 

WA'RDENSHIP*, war'-dn-ship. n. s. Office of a 
warden or guardian. Warton. 

WA'RDER, ward'-ur. 98. n. s. A keeper; a guara. 
1008 



WAk 



WAS 



-116, move, ndr, n6t; — tube, tub, bull; — 6ll; — pfiund; — win, THis. 



Spenser. A truncheon by which an officer of arms 
forbade fight. Shakspeare. 
WARDMOTE, ward-mote. n. s. [peapb and 
moc. or ^emo-, ^ax.; wardemotus,\o\v Lat.] A 
meeting; a court held in each ward or district in 
London for the direction of their affairs. 
WA'KDROBE, ward'-robe. n. s. [garderobe, Fr.] 

A room whore clothes are kept. Spenser. 
WA RDSHIP, wardship, n. s. Guardianship. Ba- 
con. Pupilage ; state of being under ward. King 
Charles. 
WARE, wire. The preterit of wear, more frequent 

wore. St. Luke, viii. 
WARE §, ware. a. [we commonly sav aware.'] Be- 
ing in expectation of; being provided against. St. 
Matt. xxiv. Cautious ; warv. Spenser. 
To WARE, ware. v. n. To take heed of; to beware. 

Dryden 
WARE $, ware. n. s. [pann, Sax. ; wacre, Dutch; 
icara, Swed.] Commonly something to be sold. 
Nehem. x. 
WA'REFUL, ware'-f&l. a. Cautious; timorously 

prudent. 
WAKEFULNESS, ware'-ful-nes. n. s. Cautious- 
ness. Sidnei/. 
WAREHOUSE, ware / -h6fise. n.s.'A storehouse 

of merchandise. Locke. 
WA R.ELESS, ware'-les. a. Uncautious ; unwary. 
Spenser. Suffered unawares, or contrary to ex- 
pectation. Spenser. 
WA RELY, ware'-le. ad. Warily ; cautiously; tim- 
orously. Spenser. 
WA RFARE, wax'-fare. 71.5. Military service; mil- 
itary life ; state of contest and solicitude. Milton. 
To WA'RFARE, war'-fare. r. n. To lead a military 

life. Camden. 
WA'RHABLE, war'-ha-bl. a. [war, and habile, from 

hahilis, Lat.] Military; fit for war. Spenser. 
WA'RILY. wa'-re-le. ad. Cautiously; with timor- 
ous prudence ; with wise forethought. Spenser. 
WA'IilNESS, wa'-re-nes. n. s. Caution ; prudent 

forethought; timorous scrupulousness. Donne. 
WARK, waik. n. s. [anciently used for work; 

whence bulwark.] Building. Spenser. 
WA'RLIKE, war' -like, a. [war and like.] Fit for 
war ; disposed to war. Sidney. Military ; re- 
lating to war. Milton. 
WVR LIKENESS*. war'-flke-nSs. n. s. Warlike 

disposition or character. Sir E. Sandys. 
WA'RLING, war'-llng. n. s. [from wear or weary.] 

One often quarrelled with. Camden. 
WA'RLOCK, > -, ,*. < n. s. [vardlookr, Icel. ; 
WA RLUCK, S I pejiloS, Sax.] A male 

witch ; a wizard. Dryden. 
WARM §, warm. 85. a. [warm, Goth; ; peapm. Sax. ; 
warm, Dutch.] Not cold, though not hot ; heated 
to a small degree. 2 Kings, iv. Zealous; ardent. 
Pope. Habitually passionate; ardent; keen. Vio- 
lent; furious; vehement. Dryden. Busy in action; 
heated with action. Dryden. Fanciful; enthusias- 
tick. Locke. Vigorous; sprightly. Pope. 
To WARM, warm. v. a. To free from cold; to heat 
i.u a gentle degree. Isa. xliv. To heat mentally ; 
to make vehement. Dryden. 
To WARM, warm. v. n.'To grow less cold. Isaiah, 
xlvii. 



WA'RMIXGPAN, 



mg-pan. n. s. A covered 



brass pan for warming a bed b}' means of hot 
coals. Ld. Chesterfield. 

WA'RMINGSTONE, war'-ming-stone.n.s.A stone 
dug in Cornwall, which, being well heated at the 
fire, retains warmth a great while, and has been 
found to give ease in the internal hemorrhoids. 
Ran. 

WA'RMLY, warm'-le. ad. With gentle heat. Mil- 
ton. Eagerly; ardently. Prior. 

WARMNESS, warm v -nes. )n.s. Gentle heat. Ba- 

WARMTH, warm*/;. \ con. Zeal ; passion ; 

fervour of mind. Sliak. Fancifulness ; enthusiasm. 
Temple. 

To WARN§, warn. 85. v. a. [peajinian, Sax.; 

waernen, Dutch; wama. Swed.; varna, Icel.] To 

127 



ft 



caution against any fault or danger; to give pre- 
vious notice of ill. South. To admonish of any 
duty to be performed, or practice or place to be 
avoided or forsaken. Acts, x. To inform previ- 
ously of good or bad. Shak. To keep off; toward 
off. Spenser. 
WA'RNER*, war'-nur. n. s. An admonisher. Huloet. 
WA'RNING, warn'-tog. 410. n.s. Caution against 
faults or dangers ; previous notice of ill. Psalms. 
Previous notice : in a sense indifferent. Wlwle 
Duty of Man. 
WARP 9, warp. 85. n. s. [peapp, Sax. ; werp, Dut.] 
That order of thread in a thing woven that crosses 
the woof. Bacon. 
To WARP, warp. v.n. [peonpan, Sax.; werpen, 
Dutch.] To change from the true situation by in- 
testine motion ; to change the position of one part 
to another. Sliak. To lose its proper course or di- 
rection. Sluxk. To work itself forward. Milton. 
To WARP, warp. v. a. To contract; to shrivel. 
To turn aside from the true direction. Dryden. It 
is used by Shakspeare to express the effect of frost. 
WARPING*, warp'-fng. n.s. Act of turning aside 

from the true direction. Bp. Taylor. 
WARPRO'OF*; war'-prOGf. n. s. Valour known by 

proof. Shakspeare. 
To WA'RRANT §, w&r'-rant. v. n. [garantir, Fr. ; 
from the Sax. papjan.] To support or maintain ; 
to attest. Sidney. To give authority. Sliak. To 
ustify. South. To exempt ; to privilege ; to secure, 
"'o declare upon surety. Dryden. 
WA'RRANT, wor'-raut. 168. n. s. A writ conferring 
some right or authority. Sliak. A writ giving the 
officer of justice the power of captions Dryden. A 
secure, inviolable grant. Hooker. A justificatory 
commission. Hooker. Attestation. Raleigh. Right; 
legality. Shaksveare. 
WARRANTABLE, w6r'-rant-a.-bl. a. Justifiable ; 

defensible. Brown. . 

WA'RRANT ABLENESS, w&r'-rant-a-bl-nes.n.s. 

Justifiableness. Barrow. 
WA'RRANTABLY', wor'-rant-a-ble. ad. Justifia- 
bly. Wake. 
WA'RRANTER, w&V-rant-ur. n. s. One who gives 

authority. One who gives security. 
WA'RRANTISE, wor'-ran-llze. n.s. [warrantiso, 

law Lat.] Authority; security. Shaksjyeare. 
WA'RRANTY, wor'-rant-e. n. s. [warrantia, law 
Lat.] [In the common law.] A promise made in a 
deecf by one man unto another, for himself and his 
heirs, to secure him and bis heirs against all men, 
for the enjoying of any thing agreed on between 
them. Cowel. Authority; justificatory mandate. 
Shakspeare. Security. Locke. 
To WA'RRAY, wor'-ra. v. a. [from war.] To make 

war upon. Spenser. Ob. J. 
WA.RRE, wor. a. [parpp, Sax.] Worse. Spenser. 
WA'RREN §, wor'-rfn. 99. n. s. [waerande, Dutch; 

guerenne, Fr.] A kind of park for rabbits. Shall. 
WA'RRENER, w<V-rm-fir. 98. n. s. The keeper of 

a warren. Shakspeare. 
WA'RRIANGLE, or Wariangle, w&r'-re-ang-gl. 

n.s. A hawk. Ainsworth. 
WA'RRIOUR, war'-y&r. 314. n. s. [from war.] A 

soldier; a military man. Shakspeare. 
WA'RRIOURESS*, war'-yur-es. n.s. A female 

warriour. Spenser. 

WART$, wart. 85. n.s. [peante, Sax.; werle, Dut.] 

A corneous excrescence ; a small protuberance on 

the flesh. Bacon. A protuberance of trees. Ray. 

WA'RTWORT, wart'-wurt. n.s. Spurge. Ains- 

worlh. 
WA'RTY, war'-te. a. Grown over with warts. 
WA'RWORN, war'- worn. a. Worn with war. 

Shakspeare. 
WA'RY, wa'-re, a. [parp, Sax.] Cautious; scrupu- 
lous ; timorously prudent. Hooker. 
WAS, woz. The preterit of To be. Gen. v. 
To WASH $, w6sh. 85. v. a. [papean.Sax. ; wass 
chen, Dutch.] To cleanse by ablution. Psalm li. 
To moisten ; to wet : as, The rain washes the flow 
ers ; the sea waslves many islands. To affect by 
1009 



WAS 



WAT 



[nr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pim ;— 



ablution. Acts, xxii. To colour by washing. Col- 
lier. 

To WASH, w&sh. v. n. To perform the act of ablu- 
tion. 2 Kings, v. To cleanse clothes. Shakspeare. 

WASH, w6sh. 85. n. s. Alluvion ; any thing collected 
by water. Mortimer. A bog-; a marsh; a fen ; a I 
quag-mire. Sliak. A medical or cosmetick lotion. 
Bacon. A superficial slain or colour. Collier. The 
teed of hogs gathered from washed dishes. Shak. 
The act of washing the clothes of a family; the 
liuen washed at once. 

WASH*, w&sh. a. Washy ; weak. Beaumont and 
Fletclier. 

WA'SHBALL, wosh'-ball. n. s. Ball made of soap. 
Swift. 

WASHER, wdsh'-dr. 98. n. s. One that washes. 
Sliakspeare. 

WA'SHPOT, wosh'-pot. n. s. A vessel in which any 
tiling^ is washed. Cowley. 

WA'SHY, wosh'-e. a. Watery ; damp. Milton. 
Weak ; not solid. Wotlon. 

WASP §, wosp. 85. n. s. [pear-p, Sax. ; vespa, Lat.] 
A brisk stinging insect, in form resembling a bee. 
Shakspeare. 

§5° Mr. Sheridan lias pronounced this word so as to 
rhyme with hasp, clasp, &c. This sound is so perfect- 
ly new to me, that I should have supposed it to have 
been an errour of the press, if Mr. Scott and Dr. Ken- 
rick had not marked it in the same manner: Mr. Smith 
and Mr. Perry approach somewhat nearer to the true 
sound of a, by givinff it the same sound a*s in father ; 
but Mr. Nares and VV. Johnston give it the sound cf 
short o, like the a in icas, wash, &c; and that this is 
the true sound, see Principles, No. 85. IV. 

WA'SPISH^w&sp'-Ish. a. Peevish; malignant; irri- ' 
table ; irascible. Shakspeare. 

WA'SPISHLY, w&sp'-ish-le. ad. Peevishly. 

WA'SPISHNESS, wosp'-lsh-nes. n.s. Peevishness; 
irritability. Cleaveland. 

W ASSAIL §, wos'-sil. 208. n. s. [pae r hael, Sax.] A 
liquor made of apples, sugar, and ale, anciently | 
much used by English goodfellows. Fletdier. A 
drunken bout. Shak. A merry song. Ainsworth. 

To WA'SSAIL* wos'-sil. u. n. To attend at was- 
sails; to frolick ; to lope. Milton. 

WA'SSAILER, wos'-sil-ur. n. s. A toper; a drunk- 
ard. Millon. 

WAST, wost. The second person of was, from To be. 

To WASTES, waste. 74. v. a. [apej-tan, Sax. ; 
woesten, Dutch.] To diminish. Shak. To destroy 
wantonly and luxuriously; to squander. Hooker. 
To destroy; to desolate. Daniel. To wear out. 
Milton. To spend ; to consume. Milton. 

To WASTE, waste, w. n. To dwindle ; to be in a 
state of consumption. Job, xiv. 

WASTE, waste, a. Destroyed ruined. Milton. 
Deso.ate; uncultivated. Abbot. Superfluous; ex- 
uberant; lost for want of occupiers. Milton. Worth- 
less; that of which none but vile uses can be made : 
as, waste wood. That of which no account is taken, i 
or value found. Dryden. 

WASTE, waste, n. s. Wanton or luxurious destruc- '• 
lion; ihe act of squandering. Milton. Consump- 
tion ; loss. Hooker. Useless expense. Dryden. 
Desolate or uncultivated ground. Pope. Ground, 
place, or space unoccupied. Spenser. Region ru- 
ined and deserted. Dryden. Mischief; destruc- 
tion. Sliak. [A law term.] Destruction of wood or 
other products of land. Shadwell. 

WA'STEFUL, waste'-ful. a. Destructive ; ruinous. 
Milton. Wantonly or dissolutely consumptive. 
Bacon. Lavish ; prodigal ; luxuriantly liberal. 
Addison. Desolate ; uncultivated ; unoccupied. 
Spenser. 

WA'STEFULLY, waste'-ful-e. ad. With vain and 
dissolute consumption. Hooker. 

WASTEFULNESS, waste'-f&l-nes n.s. Prodi- 
galitv. 

WA'STEL*,w6s / -tel. n s. [wastellus, low Lat.] A 
particular sort of bread ; fine bread ; a cake. 
Lmcth. Ob. T. 

WA'STENESS,waste'-nSs. n.s. Desolation; soli- 
tude. Zeph. i. 



WA'STER, wast'-ur. 98. n. s. One that consume? 
dissolutely and extravagantly ; a squanderer; /air 
consumer. Locke. A kind of cudgel. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. 

WASTETHRIFT*, waste'-tftrlft. n. s. A spend- 
thrift. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

WASTREL, n. s. That which lies in enclosed 
grounds or in commons. Carew. 

WATCH §, w&tsh. 85. n. s. [paecce, Sax.] Forbear- 
ance of sleep. Attendance without sleep. Addison. 
Attention ; close observation. Shak. Guard; vigi- 
lant keep. Spenser. Watchman; men set to guard. 
Spenser. Place where a guard is set. Shak. Post 
or office of a watchman. Shak. A period of the 
night. Milton. A pocket clock; a small clock mov- 
ed by a spring. Hale. 
To WATCH, w6lsh. v. n. [pacian, Sax.] Not to 
sleep ; to wake. Ecclus. xxxi. To keep guard. 
Jer. xliv. To look with expectation. Psalm exxx. 
To be attentive ; to be vigilant. 2 Tim. iv. To be 
cautiously observant. Bp. Taylor. To be insidi- 
ously attentive. Milton. 

To WATCH, w6tsh. v. a. To guard; to have in 
keep. Milton. To observe in ambush. 1 Sam. xix. 
To tend. Broome. To observe in order to detect 
or prevent. 

WATCHER, wotsh'-ur. 98. n.s. One who sits up ; 
one who does not go to sleep. Shak. Diligent 
overlooker or observer. Shakspeare. 

WATCHET, w&tsh'-ft. 99. a. [paeceb, Sax.] Blue; 
pale blue. Milton. 

WATCHFUL, wotsh'-ful. a. Vigftant; attentive : 
cautious; nicely observant. Rer. iii. 

WATCHFULLY, w&tsh'-f&l-e. ad. Vigilantly ; cau- 
tiously ; attentively ; with cautious observation : 
needfully. Boyle. 

WATCHFULNESS, w&tsh'-ffil-nk. n. s. Vigilance;, 
heed; suspicious attention ; cautious regard ; dili- 
gent observation. Hammond. Inability to sleep. 
Arbuthnot. 

WATCHHOUSE, wdtsh'-hduse. n.s. Place where 
the watch is set. Gay. 

WATCHING, wotsh'-mg. 410. n.s. Inability to 
sleep. Wiseman. 

WATCHLIGHT*, w&tsh'-llte. n. s. A candle with 
a rush wick to burn in the night. Addison. 

WATCHMAKER, wotsh'-ma-k&r. n.s. One whose 
trade is to make watches, or pocket-clocks. Moxon. 

WATCHMAN, wotsh'-man. 88. n.s. Guard; sen- 
tinel ; one set to keep ward. Spenser. 

WATCHTOWER, wotsh'-tflftr. n. s. Tower on 
which a sentinel was placed for the sake of pros- 
pect. Bacon. 

WATCHWORD, w&lsh'-wfird. n. s. The word 
given to the sentinels to know their friends. Spen- 
ser. 

WATER §, wa'-tfir. 38, 85, 76, 86. n. s. [trader, . 
Dutch ; paifceji, Sax.] Sir Isaac Newton defines 
water, when pure, to be a very fluid salt, volatile, 
and void of all savour or taste ; and it seems to 
consist of small, smooth, hard, porous, spherical 
particles, of equal diameters, and of equal specifier 
gravities. Quincy. The sea. Common Prayer. 
Urine. Shak. — To hold water. To be sound; to 
be tight : from a vessel that will not leak. L'Eslr. — 
It is used for the lustre cf a diamond. Shak. Water 
is much used in composition for things made with 
water, being in water, or growing in water; as, water- 
spaniel, ivater-ftood. water-courses, &lc. 

To WATER, wa'-tfir. 64. v. a. To irrigate ; to sup- 
ply with moisture. Gen. ii. To supply with water 
lor drink. St. Luke, xiii. To fertilize or accommo 
date with streams. Addison. To diversify as with 
waves. Locke. 

To WATER, wa'-tfir. 98. v. n. To shed moisture. 
Shak. To gel or take in water ; to be used in sup- 
plying water. Gen. xxx. — The month waters- The 
man longs ; there is a vehement desire. Camden. 

WATERCOLOURS, wa'-lfir-kfil-firz. n.s. Colours 
made into a soft consistence with water. Boyle. 

WATERCRESSES, wa'-tur-krSs-siz. 99. «. s. A 
plaut. Miller. 

1010 



WAT 




WAY 




— no, move, n6r, n6i 


-lube, tub, bull ; 


—oil ;— pfiftnd ;— //iin, THis. 





WATERLR, wa'-ttir-ur. 5jj. ».s. One who waters. 
Carew. 

WATERFALL, wa'-tur-fall. n. ». Cataract; cas- 
cade, lutleio/i. 

WATERFLAG, wa'-tur-flag. n. s. Water flower- 
de-luce. 

WATERFOWL, wa'-tiVfoftl. n.s. Fowl that live, 
or get their food in water. Bacon. 

WA'TERGALL* wa'-tfir-gall. n.s. [water and 
gall.] Some appearance attendant on the rainbow. 
Steevens. A cavity made in the earth by a rapid 
descent of water. Bagsiiaw. 

WATERGRU'EL, wa-tur-groo'-ll. n. s. [water 
cuid gruel.] Food made with oatmeal boiled in 
water. Locke. 

\YA TERHEN, wa'-tur-hen. n.s. A coot ; a water- 
fowl. 

WATERINESS, wa'-lfir-e-nes. n. s. Humidity; 
moisture. Arbuthnot. 

WATERING-PLACE*, wa'-tor-lng-plase. n. s. A 
town, village, or other place, usually on the sea- 
coast, noted, at certain seasons, for a numerous re- 
sort of persons to it : a modern cant term. Graves. 

WA TEllISH, wa'-tur-jsh. a. Resembling water. 
Dn/den. Moist ; boggy. Hale. 

WA TERISHNESS, wa'-tur-?sh-nes. »,^ Thin- 
ness; resemblance of water. Floyer. 

WATERLEAF, wa'-tur-lefe. n.s. A plant. Miller. 

WATERLILY, wa'-tur-lil'-le. n.s. A plant. Miller. 

WATERLOGGED*, wa'-lur-logd. a. Applied to 
a ship, when by leaking she has received a great 
deal of water into her hold, and is become so inac- 
tive upon the sea, as to yield without resistance to 
the effort of every wave rushing over her deck. 
Chambers. 
WATERMAN, wa'-tur-man. 88. n.s. A ferryman; 

a boatman. Dryden. 
WATERMARK, wa'-tfir-mark. n. s. The utmost 

limit of the rise of the flood. Dryden. 
WATERMELON, wa'-tur-mel'-fin. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. ' 

WA TERMILL, wa'-tar-m!ll. n. s. Mill turned by 

water. Spenser. 
WATERMINT, wa'-tfir-mlnt. n. «. A plant. Bacon. 
WATER-ORDEAL t, wa-tur-6V-de-al. n. s. An old 
mode of trial by water. Mason. 

^CT Water-ordeal was performed either by plunging the 
bare arm up to the elbows in boiling water, and escap- 
ing unhurt thereby, or by casting the suspected person 
into a river or pond; and if he floated therein without 
swimming, it was deemed an evidence of his guilt. W. 

WATERRA'DISH, wa'-tfir-rad-Ish. n. s. A species 
of water-cresses. 

WATERRAT, wa'-tfir-rat. n. s. A rat that makes 
holes in banks. Shakspeare. 

WATERROCKET. wa'-tur-rok-It. n.s. A species 
of water-cresses. A kind of firework to be dis- 
charged in water. 

WATERSATPHIRE, wa'-tur-saf-fir. n. s. The 
occidental sapphire, neither of so bright a blue, 
nor so hard as the oriental. Woodward. 

WATERTIGHT*, Wa'-tur-lhe. a. [water and tiglu.] 
That will not admit water. Bp. Hall. 

WATERVIOLET, wa'-tur-vW-let. n.s. A plant 
Miller. 

WATERWILLOW, wa/-tur-wfl-l6. n. s. A plant. 
Ainsworth. 

WATERWITH, wa'-tfir-wM. n. s. A plant. Der- 
ha/n. 

WATERWORK, wa'-t&r-wurk. n.s. Play of foun- 
tains; artificial spouts of water; any hydraulick 
performance. Wilkins. 

WATERY, wa'-tur-e. a. Thin; liquid; like water. 
Bacon. Tasteless ; insipid ; vapid ; spiritless. Phil- 
lips. Wet; abounding with water. Prior. Relat- 
ing to the water. Dryden. Consisting of water. 
Shaksjteare. 

WATTLE, w&tMI. 405. n.s. [waghelen, Germ.] The 
barbs, or loose red flesh that hangs below the cock's 
bill. Walton. A hurdle. Ainswoii.h. 

To WATTLE, w&iMl. v. a. [patelap, Sax.] To 



bind with twigs; to form by platting twigs one 
within another. Mil ton. 

WAVE s s , wave. n. s. [poe£e, Sax. ; waegh, Dutch 
vague, Fr.] Water raised above the level of the 
surface ; billow ; water driven into inequalities 
W'ol/on. Unevenness; inequality. Newton. 

To WAVE, wave. v. n. [papian, Sax.] To play 
loosely ; to float. Dryden. To be moved as a sig- 
nal. B. Jonson. To be in an unsettled state; to 
fluctuate ; to waver. Hooker. 

To WAVE, wive. v. a. To raise into inequalities 
of surface. Shak. To move loosely. Milton. To 
waft; to remove anything floating. Brown. To 
beckon ; to direct by a watt or motion of any thing. 
Shak. [guesver, Fr.] To put oft'; to quit; to depart 
from. Wotton. To put aside for the present. Dry- 
den 

WA'VELESS*, wave'-les. a. Smooth ; without 
waves. Peele. 

To WA'VER, wa'-vfir. 98. v. n. [papian. Sax.] To 
play to and fro ; to move loosely. Boyle. To be 
unsettled ; to be uncertain, or inconstant; to fluctu- 
ate ; not to be determined. Spenser. To totter; to 
be in danger of falling. Holyday. 

WA'VER*, wa'-vur. n. s. A young slender tree. 
Evelyn. 

WA'VERER, wa'-vur-fir. n. s. One unsettled and 



irresolute. ShaJcspeare. 
WA'VERINGINESS* wa'-vur-inff-nSs. n. 



State 



or quality of being wavering. W. Mountague. 

WA'VING*, wa'-ving. n.s. Act of moving or play 
ing loosely. Addison. 

WA'VY, wa/-ve. a. Rising in waves. Chapman. 
Playing to and fro, as in undulations. Phillips. 
Winding. Maundrell. 

WAWES, or WAES, waws. n. s. Waves. Spenser. 

To WAWL §, wawl. r. n. [vaele, Icel., if not formed 
from the sound.] To erjr; to howl. Shakspeare. 

WAX §, waks. n. s. [psexe, Sax. ; wax, Dan. ; wacks, 
Dutch.] The thick, tenacious matter gathered by 
the bee, and formed into cells for the reception of 
the honey. Arbuthnot. Any tenacious mass, such 
as is used to fasten letters. More. A kind of con- 
cretion in the flesh. Wiseman. 

9^J= The a in this word being followed by x, which is nc 
more tnan ks, the preceding w loses its deepening pow- 
er, and the word comes under the rule in the Princ- 
pies, No. 85. W. 

To WAX, waks. v. a. To smear; lo join with wax 
Dryden. 

To WAX, waks. r.n. pret. wax, waxed; part, pass 
waxed, waxen, [peaxan, Sax. ; wacfisen, Germ.] 
To grow ; to increase ; to become bigger, or more. 
Used of the moon, in opposition to wane, and figu- 
ratively of things which grow by turns bigger and 
less. Hakewdl. To pass into any state ; lo become : 
to grow. Hooker. 

WA'XCHANDLER, waks'-tslmnd-lur. n.s. A ma 
ker of wax candles. 

WAXEN, wak'-sn. 103. a. Made of wax. Milton. 

WA'XWORK* waks'-wftrk. n.s. Figures formed 
of wax in imitation of the substances which they 
represent. Addison. 

WA'XY*, wak'-se. a. Soft, like wax; yielding - . Bv 
Hall. J b P 

WAY$, wa. 220. n. s. [pse£, Sax. ; weigh, Dutch.] 
The road in which one travels. Shak. Road made 
for passengers. Sluik. A length of space. Brown. 
Course ; direction of motion; focal tendency. Shak, 
Advance in life. Spectator. Passage , power of 
progression made or given. Shak. Vacancy made 
by timorous or respectful recession. Locke. Course; 
regular progression. Dryden. Course or progress 
considered as obstructed or hindered : as, casting 
thoughts in our way. Duppa. Tendency to any 
meaning, or act : as, There is nothing in the words 
that sound that ivay. Atterbury. Access; means 
of admittance : as, having made my way. Raleigh. 
Sphere of observation : as, the officers that fell in 
my way. Temple. Means; mediate instrument; 
intermediate step. Dryden. Method; scheme ot 
1011 ' 



WEA 



WEA 



(X? 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m^t ; — pine, phi ; — 



management : as, He durst not take open way 
against them. Sidney. Private determination ; 
particular will or humour : as, He loved his own 
way. Bacon. Manner; mode : as, God hath many 
ways spoken to men. Hooker. Method; manner 
of practice. Sidney. Method or plan of life, con- 
duct, or action : as, had they been instructed in 
the right ivay. Addison. Process of things, good 
or ill : as, a prosperous way. Heylin. Right 
method to act or know : as, Inquire after the right 
way. Locke. General scheme of acting : as, Men 
go out of the ivay to hint free things. Richardson. 
— By the way. Without any necessary connexion 
with the main design.; en passant : as/note, by the 
way. Bacon. To go or come one's way, or ways ; 
to come along, or depart. Shale. Way and ways 
are now often used corruptly for wise. Numb. xxx. 
WA'YBREAD, wa'-brgd. n. s. A plant. Cowley. 
WA'YFARER, wa'-fa-rur. 98. n. s. [way, and fare, 

to goj Passenger ; traveller. Carew. 
WAYFARING, wa'-fa-rmg. 410. a. Travelling ; 

passing; being on a journey. Hammond. 
WA'YFARINGTREE^va'-fa-rmg-tre. n.s. A plant. 

Miller. 
To WA'YLAY, wa-la'. v. a. [way and lay.] To 
watch insidiously in the way; to beset by ambush. 
Shakspeare. 
WA'YLAYER, wa-la'-fir. 98. n, s. One who waits 

in ambush for another. 
WA'YLESS, wa'-les.a. Pathless; untracked. Dray- 
ton. 
WA'YMAKER*, wa'-ma-kur. n.s. One who causes 

way to be made for another ; a precursor. Bacon. 
WA'YMARK, wa'-mark. n. s. Mark to guide in 

travelling. Jer. xxxi. 
To WAYME'NT, wa-ment'. v. a. [pa, Sax.] To 

lament, or grieve. Spenser. Ob. J. 
WA'Y WARD §, wa'-wfird. 88. a. [pa, woe, and 
peapb. Sax.] Froward; peevish; morose; vexa- 
tious ; liking his own way. Sidney. 
WA'YWARDLY, wa'-wurd-le. ad. Frowardly ; 

perversely. Sidney. 
WAYWARDNESS, wa'-wurd-nSs. n. s. Froward- 

ness ; perverseness. Sidney. 
WE, wee. 96, 24G. pronoun. In oblique cases, us. 
The plural of I. Shak. I and others, indefinitely. 
Pope. Improperly and ungrammatically for the 
oblique case, us. Siiakspeare. 
WEAK§, weke. 227. a. [psec, Sax.; week, Dutch ; 
from the Su. Goth. ioika.~) Feeble ; not strong. 2 
Sc&rt. xvii. Infirm ; not healthy. Shak. Soft; pli- 
ant; not stiff. Low of sound. Ascham. Feeble of 
mind ; wanting spirit ; wanting discernment. Hook- 
er. Not much impregnated with any ingredient : 
as, a weak tincture, weak beer. Not powerful ; not 
potent. South. Not well supported by argument. 
Hooker. Unfortified. Addison. 
To WEAK*, weke. v. a. To render weak. More. 

Ob. T. 
To WEAK*, weke. v. n. To become weak. Chau- 
cer. Oh. T. 
To WEA'KEN. we'-kn. 103. v. a. To debilitate; to 

enfeeble ; to deprive of strength. Neh. vi. 
WEA'KENER*, we'-kn-ur. n.s. That which makes 

weak ; that which lessens the effects. South. 
WEA'KLING, weke'-llng. 410. n. s. A feeble crea- 
ture. Shakspeare. 
WEA'KLY, wekeMe. ad. Feebly ; faintly ; without 
strength. With want of efficacy. Bacon. Indis- 
creetly ; injudiciously ; timorously ; with feebleness 
of mind. Milton. 
WEA'KLY, wekeMe. a. Not strong ; not healthy. 

Raleigh. 
WEA'KNESS, weke'-n<k n.s. Want of strength; 
want of force; feebleness. Milton. Want of 
sprightliness. Pope. Want of steadiness. Rogers. 
Infirmity ; unhealthiness. Temple. Want of co- 
gency. Tillotson. Want of judgement ; want of 
resolution ; foolishness of mind. Milton. Defect ; 
failing. Bacon. 
WEAKSPDE, weke-slde'. n. s. .Foible ; deficience ; 
infirmity. Temple. 



WEAL, wele. 227. n. s. [pelan, Sax.; wealust, 
Dutch.] Happiness; prosperity; flourishing state. 
Bacon. Republick; state ; publick interest. Shak. 

To WEAL §*, wele. )v.a. [palan, Sax.] To mark 

To WALE $* wale. \ with stripes or lashes. Bv. 
Hall. 1 

WEAL, wele. n.s. The mark of a stripe. Donne. 

M r ~EAL-away. interj. Alas ! See Wela way. Ob. J. 

WEALD, 3 welde.")n. s. Whether singly or jointly, 

WALD, wald. V signifies a wood or grove, from 

WALT, wait. > i the Sax. pealb. Gibson. 

WEA'LSMAN*, weelz'-man. n. s. A sneering word 
for politician. Siiakspeare. 

WEALTH §, wefc/i. 234, 515. n. s. [paleS, Sax.] 
Prosperity; external happiness. Litany. Riches; 
money, or precious goods. Spenser. 

WEA'LTHILY, weW-e-le. ad. Richly. Shakspeare. 

WEA'LTHINESS, weM'-e-nes. n. s. Richness. 

WEALTHY, weW-e. a. Rich ; opulent ; abundant. 
Spenser. 

To WEAN §, wene. 227. v. a. [penan, Sax.] To put 
from the breast; to ablactate. Ps. exxxi. To with- 
draw from any habit or desire. Spenser. 

WEA'NEL, we'-neL )n. s. An animal 

WEA'NLING, wene'-llng. 410. $ newly weaned. 
Spenser. A child newly weaned. 

WEA'PON§, wep'-pn. 234. *. s. [pcepuu, Sax.] In- 
strument of offence ; something with which one is 
armed to hurt another. Spenser. 

^^Tliis word is not unfiequently pronounced with the 
ea long, as in heap, reap ; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Perry, pronounce it 
with the diphthong short : Mr. Barclay gives it both 
ways, and the long sound first; but W. Johnston marks 
it with the short sound only. W. 

WEATONED, wgp'-pnd. 359. a. Armed for offence ; 
furnished with arms. Sidney. 

WEAPONLESS, wep'-pn-l<k a. Having no weap- 
on ; unarmed. Gower. 

WEA'PONSALVE, wep'-pn-salv. n. s. A salve 
which was supposed to cure the wound, being ap- 
plied to the weapon that made it. Boyle. 

To WEAR §, ware. 240. v. a. preterit wore ; partici- 
ple v\om. [pepan, Sax.] To waste with use or 
time, or instruments ; to impair or lessen by gradu- 
al diminution. Shak. To consume tediously. Shak. 
To carry appendant to the body. Shak. To ex- 
hibit in appearance. Dryden. To affect by de- 
grees. Locke. — To wear out. To harass. Dun.vn. 
To wear out. To waste or destroy by degrees. 
Dryden. 

To WEAR Ship*, v. [wieren, Dutch.] A nautical 
term : to bring the ship round. 

To WEAR, ware. v. n. To be wasted with use or 
time. Exod. xviii. To be tediously spent. Milton. 
. To pass away by degrees. Locke. 

WEAR, ware. n. s. The act of wearing ; the thing 
worn. Hudibras. [paap, Sax. ; w&r, Germ.] Adam 
to shut up and raise the water; often written weir 
or wier. Walton. A net of twigs to catch fish. 

WEARD. n.s. Weard, whether initial or final, signi- 
fies watchfulness or care, from the Saxon peapban, 
to ward or keep. Gibson. 

WEA'RER, wa'-r&r. 98. n. s. , One who has any 
thing appendant to his person. Dryden. That 
which wastes or diminishes. Laic. 

WEA'RINESS, we'-re-nes. n.s. Lassitude ; state of 
being spent with labour. .South. Fatigue ; cause 
of lassitude. Clarendon. Impatience of any thing. 
Tediousness. 

WEA'RING, wa'-rmg. 410. n. s. Clothes. Siva*. 

WEA'RISH, wa'-rlsh. a. [peep, Sax.] Boggy ; wa- 
tery ; washy. Burton. 

WEA RISOME, we'-re-sum. 165. a. Troublesome ; 
tedious ; causing weariness. Hooker. 

WEA'RISOMELY, we'-re-sfim-le. ad. Tediously ; 
so as to cause weariness. Raleigh. 

WEARSOMENESS, we'-re-sum-ne^s. n. s. The 
quality of tiring. The state of being easily tired. 
Ascham. 

WEA'RY§, we'-re. 227. a. [pepitf, Sax.; waeren, 
Dutch.] Subdued by fatigue; tired with labour. 
1012 



WED 



WEF 



— no, move, nfir, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull; — fill; — pfiund; — thin, THis. 



Spenser. Impatient of the continuance of any 
thing painful or irksome. Clarendon. Desirous to 
discontinue. Sliakspeare. Causing weariness; tire- 
some. Spenser. 
To WEA RY, we'-re. w. a. To tire ; to fatigue ; to 
harass ; to subdue by labour. Hob. ii. '1 o make 
impatient of continuance. Sliakspeare. To subdue 
or harass bv anv thing irksome. Milton. 
WEA SAND, we -zn. 227. n. s. See Wesand. 
WEASEL,, we'-zl. 102, 227. n. s. [perel, Sax.; 
toesel, Dutch.] A small animal that eats corn and 
kills mice. Snakspeare. 
WEATHERS, wern-ur. 234. n.s. [pebep, Sax.] 
State of the air respecting either cold or heat, wet 
or dryness. ShaAspeare. The change of the state 
of the air. Bacon. Tempest; storm. Dryden. 
To WEATHER. weTH'-fir. v. a. To expose to the 
air. Spenser. To pass with difficulty. Garth. — 
To weather a point. To gain a point "against the 
wind; to accomplish against opposition. Addison. 
To weather out. To endure. Addison. 
WEA'THERBEATEN, weTH'-fir-be-tn. a. Harass- 
ed and seasoned bv hard weather. Sidney. 
WEATHERBOARD, we-rn'-ftr-hord. ) n. s. [In 
WEATHERBOW, werH'-ur-bou. $ the sea 
language.] That side of a ship that is to the wind- 
ward. Did. 
WEATHERCOCK, weTH'-ur-k&k. n.s. An artifi- 
cial cock set on the top of a spire, which, by turn- 
ing, shows the point from which the wind blows. 
Sidnei/. Anv thing fickle and inconstant. Shak. 
WEATHERDRIVEN, weTH'-ur-driv-vn. part. 

Forced bv storms or contrary winds. Carew. 
To ^ WEATHER-FEND* weTK'-ur-fend. v. a. 

[from weather and defend.] To shelter. 
WEATHERGAGE, w&rH'-fir-gadje. n.s. [weather 
and gage.] Any thing that shows the weather. 
Hudibras. [The advantage of the wind ; the state 
of being to windward of another ship. Perry.'] 
WEATHERGLASS, weTH'-ur-glas. n. s. A ba- 
rometer ; a glass that shows the weight of the air. 
Arbuthnot. A thermometer. Dn/den. 
WEATHERPROOF*, weTH'-fir-proof. a. Proof 

against rough weather. Quarles. 
WEATHERS PY, wCTH'-ur-spl. n.s. [weather and 
spy.] A star-gazer ; an astrologer ; one that fore- 
tells the weather. Donne. 
WEATHERWISE, wem'-ur-wlze. a. [weather and 

vise.] Skilful in foretelling the weather. 
WE ATHER WISER, weTH'-ftr-wl-z&r. n.s. [weath- 
er, and icisen, Dutch.] Any thing that foreshows the 
weather. Sprat. 
To WEAVE §, weve. v. a. pret. wore, weaved ; part, 
pass, woven, iveaced. [pepan, Sax. ; weven, Dutch ; 
gwev, Welsh ; waefwa. Su. Goth.] To form by tex- 
ture ; to form by inserting one part of the material 
within another. 2 Kings, xxiii. To unite by inter- 
mixture. Addison. To interpose ; to insert! Shak. 
To WEAVE, weve. 28.7. v.n. To work with a loom. 
WE AWE R, we'-vur. 93. n. s. One who makes threads 

into cloth. Job, vii. 
WEA'VER, we'-vur. n. s. A fish. Drayton. 
WEB 9, web. n.s. [pebba. Sax.] Texture; any 
thing woven. Spenser. Some part of a sword, 
probably the blade. Fairfax. A kind of dusky 
film that hinders the sight; suffusion. Sliakspeare. 
WEBBED, webd. 359. a. Joined by a film. Der- 

ham. 
WE'BFOOTED, web'-fut-ed. a. Palmipede; hav- 
ing films between the toes. Ray. 
WE'BSTER, web'-stfir. n.s. [pebj'tpe, Sax.] A 

weaver. The old word is webber. Camden. 

ToWEDS, w£d. v.a. [pebbian, Sax. ; withan, M. 

Goth.] To marry ; to take for husband or wife. 

Milton. To join in marriage. Shak. To unite 

for ever. Shak. t To take for ever. Clarendon. 

To unite by love or fondness. Tillolson. 

To WED, wed. v. n. To contract matrimony. Shak. 

WE'DDED*, w£d'-did. a. Belonging to matrimony. 

Milton. 
WE'DDING, wed'-dhig. 410. n.s. [pebbuntf, Sax.] | 
Marriage; nuptials; the nuptial ceremony. Sliak. 



WEDGED wedje. n. s. [vegge, Danish; wegge, 
Dutch.] A body, which, having a sharp edge, con- 
tinually growing thicker, is used to cleave limber j 
one of the mechanical powers. Wilkins. Amass 
of metal. Josh. win. Any thing in the form of a 
wedge. Mi/ton. 
To WEDGE, wedje. v. a. To cleave with a wedge. 
Shak. To drive as a wedge is driven. Sluik. To 
force as a wedge forces. Milton. To fasten bv 
wedges. A. Phillips. To fix as a wedge. Shak. 

WE'DLOCK, wed'-lfik. n. s. [peb and lac. Sax., 
marriage and gift..] Marriage ; matrimony. Shak. 

WE'DNESDAY,wenz'-de.223. ?i.s. [pobenrbas,, 
Sax. ; odensday, Swed. ; woensday, Dutch ; wens- 
day, lcel.] The fourth day of the week, so named 
by' the Golhick nations from Woden, or Odin. 
Fell. 

WEE, we. a. [weinigh, Teut. little ; wenig, Germ.] 
Little ; small. Sliakspeare. 

WE'ECHELM, weetsh'-elm. n. s. [often written 
witch elm.] A species of elm. Bacon. 

WEEDS, weed. n. s. [peob, Sax.] An herb noxious 
or useless. Clarendon, [paeba, Sax. ; waed, Dut.] 
A garment; clothes; habit; dress. Now scarce 
in use. except in widow's weeds, the mourning dress 
of a widow. Sidney. The upper garment. Chapm. 

To WEED, weed. 246. v.a. To rid of noxious plants. 
Bacon. To take away as noxious plants. Shak. 
To free from anything hurtful or offensive. Howell. 
To root out vice. Ascliam: 

WE'EDER, weed' -fir. 98. n. s. One that takes away 
anv thing noxious. Sliakspeare. 

WE'EDER Y*, we'-dftr-e. n. s. Weeds. More. 

WE'EDHOOK, weed'-h66k. )n.s. A hook 

WE'EDINGHOOK, we'-ding-h65k. S by which 
weeds are cut sway or extirpated. Tusser. 

WE'EDLESS, weed'-les. a. Free from weeds ; free 
from any thing useless or noxious. Donne. 

WE'EDY, weed'-e. a. Consisting of weeds. Shak, 
Abounding with weeds. Dryden. 

WEEK§, week. 246. n. s. [peoc, Sax.; weke, 
Dutch ; icecka, Swed.] The space of seven days. 
Gen. xxix. 

WE'EKDAY, week'-da. n. s. Any day not Sunday. 
Pope. 

WE'EKLY, week'-le. a. Happening, produced, or 
done once a week ; hebdomadary. Hooker. 

WE'EKLY, week'-le. ad. Once a week ; by heb- 
domadal periods. Ay life. 

WEEL, week )n\s. [pasl, Sax.] A whirlpool. 

WE'ELY*,we'-le. \ Ray. A twiggen snare or 
trap for fish, [perhaps from toillow.] Carew. 

To WEEN. ween. 246. v. n. [penan, Sax. ; icaenen, 
Dutch.] To think ; to imagine ; to form a notion ; 
to fancy. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To WEEPS, weep. v.n. preler. and part, pass.ztgri, 
weeped. [peopaii, Sax.] To show sorrow by tears. 
Dent, xxxiv. To shed tears fro" any passion. 
Shakspeare. To lament ; to complain. Numbers. 

To WEEP. weep. 2 46. v. a. To lament with tears ; 
to bewail ; to bemoan. Shak. To shed moisture. 
Milton. To drop. Pope. To abound with wet. 
Mortimer. 

WE'EPER, weep'-flr. 98. n.s. One who sheds tears ; 
a lamenter; a bewailer ; a mourner. Bp. Taylor. 
A white border on the sleeve of a mourning coat. 

WE'EPINGLY*, we'-ping-le. ad. With weeping; 
in tears. Wotton. 

WE'ERISH, we'-rfsh. a. [See Wearish.] Insipid; 
weak and washy ; sour ; surly. Ascliam. 

To WEET, weet. v. n. pret. wot or wote. [pifcan, 
Sax. ; weten, Dutch.] To know ; to be informed ; 
to have knowledge. Spenser. Ob. J. 

WE'ETLESS, weet'-les. 246. a. Unknowing. Spen 
ser. Unsuspected. Spenser. 

WE'EVIL, we'-vl. n. s. [pepel, Sax. ; vevel, Dutch.] 
A grub. Bacon. 

WE'EZEL, we'-zl. n. s. See Weasel. 

WEFT, weft. The old pret. and part. pass, of wave. 

Spe7iser. Ob. J. 
WEFT, weTt. n. s. [guaive, Fr. ; vofa, lcel. ; vagus, 
Lat.1 That of which the claim is generally waved : 
J 1013 



,1 / 



II 



WEL 



WEL 



[LT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, mel; — pine, pin ; — 



any thing wandering without an owner, and seized 
by the lord of the manor. B. Jonson. 

WEFT §, weft. v. s. [pepta, Sax. ; waeft, Su. Goth.] 
The woof of cloth. 

WE'FTAGE, weT-t?dje. 90. n.s. Texture. Grew. 

To WEIGHS, wa. 249, 290. v. a. [pse^an, Sax. ; 
weyhen, Dut.] To examine by the balance. Bacon. 
To be equivalent to in weight. Boyle. To pay, 
allot, or take by weight. Zech. xi. To raise ; to 
take up the anchor. Knolles. To examine ; to 
balance in the mind 5 to consider. Hooker. To 
compare by the scales. Pope. To regard ; to con- 
sider as worthy of notice. Shak. — To weigh down. 
To overbalance. Daniel. To iceigh down. To 
overburden ; to -oppress with weight ; to depress. 
Milton. 

To WEIGH, wa.. v. n. To have weight. Brown. 
To be considered as important ; to have weight in 
the intellectual balance. Locke. To raise the an- 
chor. Dryden. To bear heavily ; to press hard. 
Shakspeare. To sink by its own weight. Bacon. 

WEIGHED, wade. 359. a. Experienced. Bacon. 

WEIGHER, wa'-ur. rus. One who weighs. Huloet. 
Any thing which weighs, or is considered important. 
MiUon. 

WEIGHT §, wate. [See Eight.] n.s. [page??, 
Sax.] Quantity measured by the balance. Bacon. 
A mass by which, as the standard, other bodies are 
examined. Lev. xix. Ponderous mass. Bacon. 
Gravity ; heaviness ; tendency to the centre. Wil- 
■kins. Pressure ; burthen ; overwhelming power. 
Milton Importance ; power 5 influence 5 efficacy ; 
consequence ; moment. Locke. 

WEIGHTILY, wa'-te-le. ad. Heavily 5 ponderous- 
ly. Solidly; importantly. Broome. 

WE'IGHTINESS, wa'-te-nes. n. s. Ponderosity ; 
gravity; heaviness. Solidity; force. Locke. Im- 

W3ortance. Hayward. 
E'iGHTLESS, wate'-les. a. Light; having no 
gravity. Sandys. 

WE'IGHTY, wa'-te. 249. a. Heavy; ponderous. 
Drydau Important ; momentous ; efficacious. 
Shakspeare. Rigorous ; severe. Shakspeare. 

WEIRD*, weerd. a. [peapb,Sax.] Skilled in witch- 
craft. Shakspeare. 

To WEIVE*, weve. v. a. [now written wave, and 
sometimes waive.] To decline; to withdraw; to 
forsake. Gowei\ 

WE LA WAY, wel'-a-wa. interj. [palapa, Sax.] 
Alas! Spenser. 

WE'LCOME ^wel'-kfim. 165. a. [pilcume, Sax. ; 
welkom, Dut.] Received with gladness; admitted 
willingly to any place or enjoyment ; grateful ; 
pleasing. Shakspeare. — To bid welcome. To re- 
ceive with professions of kindness. Bacon. 

WE'LCOME, weT-kum. interj. A form of salutation 
used to a new coiner, ellipt'ically used for you are 
welcome. Dryden. 

WE'LCOME, wel'-kfim. n.s. Salutation of a new 
comer. Shakspeare. Kind reception of a new 
comer. Sidney. 

To WE'LCOME. wel'-kfim. v. a. To salute a new 
comer with kmdness. Shakspea7-e. 

WE'LCOME io our House. n.s. An herb. Ains- 
icorth. 

WE'LCOMENESS, wel'-kfim-nes. n.s. Grateful- 
ness. Boyle. 

WE'LCOMER. wel'-k&m-fir. 98. n. s. The saluter 
or receiver of a new comer. 

WELD, w$d. >». «. Yellow weed, or dier's weed. 

WOULD. \ Sprat's Hist. R. S. 

To WELD, for To wield. Spenser. 

To WELD, weld. 7;. a. [wella, Swed.] To beat one 
mass into another, so as to incorporate them. 
Moxon. 

WE'LDER, weF-d&r. n. s. [a term perhaps merely 
Irish.] Manager; actual occupier. Swift. 

WE'LFARE, v/eT-fare. n^s. [well and fare.] Hap- 
piness ; success ; prosperity. Addison. 
To WELK, welk. v. a. To shorten or impair ; to 

cloud ; to obscure. Spenser. 
To WELK*, welk. v. n. To dry; to wither. Grose. 



WE'LKED, welkt. 359. a. Set with protuberances. 
Properly, whelked, from ivlielk. Shakspeare. 

WELKIN, weF-klii. n.s. [pealcan,or pelcen, Sax.] 
The visible regions of the air. Out of use except 
in poetry. Chaucer. — Welkin eye is a rolling eye. 
[pealcan, Sax.] Shakspeare. 

WELL §, well. n.s. [pelle, pcell, Sax.] A spring ; a 
fountain ; a source. Milton. A deep, narrow pit 
of water. Dryden. The cavity in which stairs are 
placed. Moxon. 

To WELL, well. v.n. [peallan, Sax.] To spring; 
to issue as from a spring. Spenser. 

To WELL, well. v. a. To pour any thing forth. 
Spenser. 

WELL, we'll, a. Not sick ; being in health. Shak. 
Happy. Shak. Convenient ; advantageous. Locke. 
Being in favour. Di-yden. Recovered from any 
sickness or misfortune. Shaksjieare. 

WELL, well. ad. [toil, Goth. ; pell, Sax. ; ivel, Dut. ; 
vel, Icel.] Not ill; not unhappily. Prior. Not ill ; 
not wickedly. Milton. Skilfully ; properly ; in a 
laudable manner. Milton. Not amiss ; not unsuc- 
cessfully; not erroneously. Knolles. Not insuffi- 
ciently ; not defectively. Gen°sis. To a degree 
that gives pleasure. Bacon. W ith praise ; favour- 
ably. Pope. Well is sometimes, like the French 
bien, a term of concession. Sidney. Conveniently; 
suitably. Milton. To a sufficient degree : a kind 
of slight sense. Wotton. It is a word by which 
something is admitted as the ground for a conclu- 
sion : as, Well, let's away. Shak. — As well as. 
Together with ; not less than. Blackmore. Well 
is him or me. He is happy. Ecclus. xxv. Well 
nigh. Nearly; almost. Well enough. In a 
moderate degree ; tolerably. — It is used much in 
composition to express any thing right, laudable, 
or not defective : as, we//-affected ; *re//-aimed ; 
tue//-appointed, &c. 

WE'LLADAY, wel'-a-da. inteiject. [a corruption of 
wellaway. See Welaway.] Alas! Shakspeare. 

WELLBE'ING, wel-be'-frig. 410. n. s. [well and be.] 
Happiness; prosperity. Bp. Taylor. 

WELLBO'RN, wel-b6rn'. a. Not meanly descended. 
Waller. 

WELLBRE'D, wel-bred'. a. Elegant of manners ; 
polite. Roscommon. 

WELLDO'NE, wel'-dun. [wel-dun', Perry and 
Jones.] interject. A word of praise. St. Matt. xxv. 

WE'LLFARE, vvel'-fare. n.s. Happiness; prosperi- 
tv. Holyday. 

WELLFA'VOURED, wel-fa'-vfird. a. [well and 
favour.] Beautiful ; pleasing to the eye. Shak. 

WELLHEAD*, wel'-hed. n.s. [well and head.] 
Source ; fountain ; wellspring. Spenser. 

WELLMA'NNERED*, w&l-man'-nurd. a. Polite ; 



civil ; complaisant. Dryderi. 

wel-me'-nur. 
means well. Dryden 



WELLME'ANER* 



One who 
Having a 



WELLME'ANIN'G*, wel-me'-nmg. a 
good intention. Killingbeck. 

WELLME'T, wel-meY. interject. A term of saluta- 
tion. Sliakspeare. 

WELLNA'TURED, wgl-na'-tshfird. a. Goodnatur- 
ed ; kind. Denluun. 

WELLNFGH, wel-nl'. ad. Almost. Spenser. 

WELLSPE'NT, weT-spent. ad. Passed with virtue. 
Calamy. 

WELLSPO'KEN*, w&-sp6'-kn. a. Speaking well ; 
speaking finely; speaking gracefully ; speaking 
kindly. Shakspeare. v 

WE'LLSPRIING, wel'-sprfng. n. s. [pcell^epppi^, 
Sax.] Fountain ; source. Prov. xvi. 

WELLWILLER, wel-wil'-lfir. n.s. [well and wil- 
ier.] One who means kindly. 

WELLWI'SH, wel-w?sh'. n.s. A wish of happiness. 
Addison. 

WELLWI'SHER, w§l-w?sh'-ur. | n. s. One who 
wishes the good of another. Addison. 

WELSH*, welsh, a. Relating to the people or coun- 
try of Wales. 

WELSH*, welsh, n. s. The people of Wales. Addi 
son. 

1014 



WET 



WHE 



-nA, move, ndr, nftt}— tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ;— pound ;— </tin, thj 



a. To sew any thing with a bor- 



WELT$, welt. n.s. \wel. Sueth.] A border; a 
guard ; an edging. Bacon. 

ELT, wgfc. ' 
der. Shelten. 

To WE'LTER, welt'-ar. 98. r. m. [welteren, Tettt. ; 
w-u'tra. Sued.; pselcan, Sa\.] To roll in water, or 
mire. Miitort. To roll voluntarily ; to wallow. 
Bp. Fisher. 
roWEM§*, wem. v.a. [pemman, Sax.] To cor- 
rupt; to vitiate; to spot. Drant. 
WEM, wem. n.s. [pern, Sax.] A spot; a scar. 

Win 
WEN. wen. n.s. [pen, Sax.] A fleshy or callous ex- 
crescence, or^ protuberance. Bacon. 
WENCH $, wensh. v. s. [pencle, Sax.] A young 
woman. Sidney. A young woman in contempt ; 
a strumpet. Spenser. A strumpet. Spectator. 
To WENCH, wensh. v.n. To frequent loose women. 

Addison. 
WE'NCHER, wensh'-fir. 98. it. s. A fornicator. 

Grew, 
WE NCHLIKE*. wensh'-llke. a. After the manner 

oi' wenches. Huloet. 
To WEND, wend. v. n. [penban, Sax.] To go; to 
pass to or from, [preterit went.] Shak. To turn 
round : an old sea term. Raleigh. 
WE'NNEL, wftn'-nSl. n.s. [corrupted for weanling.'] 

An animal newly taken from the dam. Tusser. 
WE NNISH*, weV-n?sh. )a. Having the nature of 
WE'NftY, wen'-ne. ] a wen. Wotton. 

WENT, went. pret. See Wend and Go. 
WENT*, went. n.s. Way; course; path. Spenser. 
WEPT, wept. pret. and part, of weep. 
WERE, wh\ 94. Of the verb To be. The plural in 
all persons of the indicative imperfect, and all the 
persons of the subjunctive imperfect, except the 
second, which is wert. Gen. xxxiv. 
WERE. n. s. A dam. See Wear. Sidney. 
WERT, wert. The second person singular of the 

subjunctive imperfect of To be. B. Jonson. 
WERTH, WEORTH, WYRTH, whether initial 
or final in the names of places, signify a farm, 
court, or village, from the Saxon peop.SiS', used by 
them in the same sense. Gibson. 
WE SAND, we'-zn. 227. 'n.s. [paren, Sax.] The 
windpipe ; the passage through which the Breath 
is drawn and emitted ; the larynx. Wiseman. 
WE'SIL. n. s. See Wesand. 

WEST§, west, n.s. [pe/rt, Sax.; west, Dutch.] 
The region where the sun goes below the horizon 
at the equinoxes. Shakspeare. 
WEST, west. a. Being towards, or coming from, the 

region of the setting sun. Num. xxxiv. 
WEST, west. ad. To the west of any place ; more 

westward. Shakspeare. 
To WEST*, west, v. n. To pass to the west; to set, 

as the sun. Chancer. 
WINTERING, west'-ur-ing. 410. a. Passing to the 

west. Milton. 
WE'STERLY, wesl'-fir-le. a. Tending or being to- 
wards the west. Graunt. 

TERN, west'-firn. a. Being in the west, or to- 
the part where the sun sets. Spenser. 
WE'STWARD, west'-w&rd. 88. ad. [pej-tpeajib, 

Sax.] Towards the west. Abbot. 
WESTWARDLY, west'-wurd-le. ad. With ten- 
dency to the west. Donne. 
WET I, wet. n. s. [wate, M. Goth. ; vaeta, Icel. ; pse- 
ca, Sax.] Water; humidity; moisture; rainy 
weather. Bacon. 
WET, wet. a. [paes, Sax.] Humid; having some 
moisture adhering ; opposed to dry. Job, xxiv. 
Rainy; watery. Dry den. 
To WET, wet. v.a. To humectate ; to moisten ; to 
make to have moisture adherent. Spenser. To 
moisten with drink. Walton. 
WE'THER, weTH'-ur. 98, 469. n. s [peben, Sax. ; 

weder, Dutch.] A ram castrated. Shakspeare. 
WE'TNESS, wet'-ues. n.s. The state of being wet; 

moisture ; humidity. Mortimer. 
WE'TSHOD*, wef-shod. a. Wet over the shoes. 
Mirror for Magistrates 



To WEX, weks. v.a. [corrupted from wa*.\ To 

grow ; to increase. Spenser. 
0£f This word, say9 Johnson, was corrupted from wax 

by Spenser, for a rhyme, and imitated by Dryden : anu 

I make no doubt that many of our corruptions in pro- 
nunciation are owing to the same cause. W. 
WF/ZAND, we'-zn. it s. See Wesand. The wind 

pipe. Brown. 
To WHACK*, hwak. v. a. To strike : apparently 

a corruption oi thwack. 
WHA LE, hwale. 397. n. s. [hpale, Sax.] The largest 

of fish ; the largest of the animals that inhabit this 

globe. Genesis. 
WIIA LEBONE*, hwalc'-b6ne. n.s. The fin of a 

whale; the fin of a whale cut and used in making 

stavs. Ash. 
WHA'LY, hwa'-le. a. See Weal. Marked ir. 

streaks : properly wealij. Spenser. 
WHAIME, hvvame. n. s. The burrel-fly. Derham. 
WHANG*, hwang. n.s. [Spans', Sax.] A thong; a 

leather thong. 
To WHANG*, hwang. v. a. To beat ; perhaps with 

thongs. Grose. 
WHAP*, hwop. n. s. A blow : a low expression. 
WHA'PPER*, hw&p'-pfir. n. s. Any thing uncom 

monly large ; a thumper. 
WHARF $, hwdrf. n. s. [war/, Swed. ;werf, Dutch.} 

A perpendicular bank or mole, raised for the con 

venience of lading or emptying vessels ; a quay oi 

key. Child. 
WHARFAGE, hworfMdje. 90. n. s. Dues for land- 



Tug at a wharf. 
WHA'l 



One who at 



RF1NGER, hw6rr-m-jar. 
tends a wharf. Maydman. 

WHAT$, hw&t. 397. pronoun. [hpaet,Sax. ; wat ; 
Dutch.] That which : [pronoun indefinite.] Shak. 
Which part : as, what is owing to nature, and what 
to labour. Locke. Something that is in one's mind 
indefinitely : as, I tell thee ivhat. Shak. Which of 
several : as. See what natures accompany what 
colours. Bacon. An interjection by way of 
surprise or question. Shakspeare. — What though. 
What imports it though ? notwithstanding. Hooker. 
What time, what day. At the time when ; on the 
day when. Milton. — [Pronoun interrogative.] 
Which of many ? interrogatively. Spenser. To 
how great a degree, used either interrogatively or 
indefinitely : as, What partial judges are our love 
and hate ! Dryden. It is sometimes used for what 
ever. Bacon. It is used adverbially for partly ; in 
part : as, whut by himself, and what by the soldiers 
Spenser. — What ho! An interjection of calling. 
Dryden. 

WHAT*, hw&t. n. s. Fare ; things ; matter. Spenser. 
Ob. T. 

WHATEVER, hw&t-ev'-ur. 98. ) pron. [ Wliatso 

WHA'TSO. hwoi'-s6. i is not now in 

WHATSOEVER, hw6t-s6-ev'-ur. > use.] Having 
one nature or another ; being one or another, either 
generic-ally, specifically, or numerically : as, lit 
ivhaisoever shape he lurk I'll know. Milton. Any 
thing, be it what it will : as, whatsoever our liturgy 
hath. Hooker. The same, be it this or that. Pope. 
All that, the whole that; all particulars that : as, 
At once came forth ivliutever creeps. Mi/tun. 

WHEAL, hwele. 227. n.s. See Weal. A pustule; 
a small swelling filled with matter. Wise?uan. 

WHEAT}, hwete. 227. n.s. [hpat, Sax.] The 
grain of which bread is chiefly made. Miller. 

WHEA TEAR, hwit'-yere. n.s. A small bird, very 
delicate. Swift. 

WHEATEN, hwe'-tn. 103. a. Made of wheat. 
Exod. xxix. 

WHEA'TPLUM, hwete'-pl&m. n. s. A sort of plum. 

Ainsworth. 
To WHEE'DLE §, hwee'-dl. v. a. [apparently from 
the Sax. abpelian.J To entice by soft words; to 
flatter; to persuade by kind words. Locke. 

WHEE'DLER*. hwee'-dl-ur. n^.One who wheedles. 

WHEEL $, hweel. 397. n. s. [hpeol, Sax. ; wiel, 
Dutch.] A circular body that turns round upc- an 
axis. Cowley. A circular body. Shak. A car* 
1015 



WHE 



WHI 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



riage that runs upon wheels. Pope. An instrument 
on which criminals are tortured. Shak. The in- 
strument of spinning-. Gifford. Rotation ; revolu- 
tion. Bacon. A compass about 3 a track approach- 
ing- to circularity. Milton. 
To WHEEL, hweel. w. n. To move on wheels. Sir 
J. Davies. To turn on an axis. To revolve ; to 
have a rotatory motion. Shak. To turn ; to have 
vicissitudes. To fetch a compass. Shak. To roll 
forward. Milton. 
To WHEEL, hweel. v. a. To put into a rotatory 

motion ; to make to whirl round. Milton. 
WHEE'LBARROW, hweel'-bar-ro. n. s. [wheel and 
barrow.] A carriage driven forward on one wheel. 
Bacon. 
WHEE'LER, hweel'-ur. n.s. A maker of wheels. 

Camden. 
WHEELWRIGHT, hweel'-rite. n. s. [wheel and 

wright.] A maker of wheel-carriages. Mortimer. 
WHEE'LY, hweel'-e. a. Circular; suitable to rota- 
tion. Phillips. 
To WHEEZE, hweeze. v. n. [hpeo r on, Sax.] To 

breathe with noise. Floyer. 
WHELKS, hw&k. n. s. See To Week. An ine- 
quality ; a protuberance. Shak. A pustule. See 
Weal. 
WHE'LKED*. See Welked. 
WHE'LKY*, hwel'-ke. a. Embossed 3 protuberant 3 

rounded. Spenser. 
To WHELM, hwelm. v. a. [Indian, M. Goth. ; hilma, 
or hwilma, Icel.] To cover with something not to 
be thrown oft"; to bury. Spenser. To throw upon 
something so as to cover or Dury it. Mortimer. 
WHELP §. hwelp. n. s. [welp, Dut. ; kuolpar, Icel.; 
kwalp, Swed.j The young of a dog ; a puppy. Ba- 
con. The young of any beast of prey. Sfiakspeare. 
A son : in contempt. Shakspeare. A young man : 
in contempt. B. Jonson. 
To WHELP, hwelp. v. n. To bring young: applied 

to beasts, generally* beasts of prey. Shakspeare. 
WHEN-}, hvven. 397. ad. [whan, Gothiek ; hpsenne, 
Sax. ; vMtineer, Dutch.] At the time that. Camden. 
At what lime ? interrogatively. Shale. Which 
time. Shak. After the time that. Gov. of the 
Tongue. At what time. Daniel. At what partic- 
ular time. Milton. — When as. At the time when 3 
what time. Spenser. 
.VHENCE, hwense. ad. [formed from where by the 
same analogy with hence from here.] From what 
place ? Milton. From what person ? Prior. From 
what cause 1 Fenton. From which premises. Dry- 
den. From what place or person : indefinitely. 
Milton. For which cause. Arbidhnot. From 
what source : indefinitely. Locke. From which 
cause. Blackmore. — From whence. A vicious mode 
of speech. Spenser. — Of whence. Another barba- 
rism. Dryden. 
WHE'NCESOEVER, hwense-s6-eV-ur. ad. From 
what place soever : from what cause soever. Locke. 
WHE'NEVER. hwen-ev'-ftr. )ad. At what-' 

WHE'NSOEVER, hwen-so-eV-ur. \ soever time. 

Milton. 
WHERE §. hware. 73, 94. ad. [hpeep, Sax. ; waer, 
Dutch.] At which place or places. Sidney. At 
what place ? Milton. At the place in which. Shak. 
— Any where." At any place. Burnet. — Where, 
like here and there, has in composition a kind of 
pronominal signification : as, whereof, of which. 
It has the nature of a noun. Spenser. 
WHEREABOUT, hware'-a-bout. ad. Near what 
place ? as, Whereabout did you lose what you are 
seeking 1 Near which place. Shakspeare. Con- 
cerning which. Hooker. 
WHEREA'S. hware-az'. ad. When on the contrary. 
Sprat. At which place. Spenser. The thing be- 
ing so that. Always referred to something differ- 
ent. But on the contrary. Woodward. 
WHEREAT, hware-at'. ad. At which. Sidney. At 

what ? as, Wiercat are you offended ? 
WHEREBY', hware-bV. ad. By which. Sidney. 
By what 1 as, Whereby wilt thou accomplish thy 
design 1 



I WHE'REFORE, hwareMorc. ad. For which reason. 
Hooker. For what reason 1 Shakspeare. 

WHEREFN/hware-ln'. ad. In which. Shakspeare 
In what ? Malachi. 

WHEREFNTO. hware-?n-l66'. ad. Into which. 
Shakspeare. 

WHE'RENESS, hware'-n^s. n. s. Ubiety 3 imper- 
fect locality. Grew. 

WHEREOF, hware-of 7 . [See Forthwith.] ad. 
Of which. Hooker. Of what : indefinitely. Milton. 
Of what ? interrogatively : as, Whereof was the 
house built ? 

WHEREO'N, hware-6n / . ad. On which. Hooker. 
On what ? as, Whereon did he sit ? 

WHE'RESO, hware'-s6. ) ad. In what 

WHERESOEVER, hware-so-ev'-fir. \ place so- 
ever. Spenser. To what place soever. Di-yden. 

WHERETHROUGH*, hware-tfirSS'. ad. Through 
which. Wisdom, xix. 

WHERETO', hware-t66'. \ad. To which. 

WHEREUNTO', hware-un-tofi'. \ Hooker. To 
what ? to Avhat end ? as, Wliereto is this expense ? 

WHERE'VER, hware-eV-ur. ad. At whatsoever 
place. Spenser. 

WHEREUPO'N, hware-up-on'. ad. Upon which 
Clarendon. 

WHERE WFTH, hware-wM'. ; AV , 

WHEREWITHAL, hware- w?TH-all'., ^°' ad ' 
With which. Hooker. With what ? interrogative- 
ly. St. Matt. 

2CF" For the different sounds of th in these words, see 
Forthwith. W. 

To WHE'RRETS, hwer'-r?t. 99. v. a. [wirren, 
Germ.] To hurry ; to trouble ; to tease : a low, 
colloquial word. Bickerstaff. To give a box on the 
ear. Ainsworth. 

WHE'RRET*, hweV-rlt. n.s. A box on the ear. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

WHE'RRY, hweV-re. n. s. [of uncertain derivation.] 
A light boat used on rivers. Drayton. 

To WHET§, hwet. v. a. [hpetefcan, Sax. 5 wetten, 
Dutch.] To sharpen by attrition. Shakspeare. To 
eilge ; to make angry or acrimonious. Shakspeare. 

WHET, hwet. n. s. The act of sharpening. Any 
thing that makes hungry, as a dram. Dryden. 

WHE'THER, hweTH'-fir. 469. ad. [hpseSep, Sax 5 
hwatliar, M. Goth.] A particle expressing one part 
of a disjunctive question in opposition to the other: 
answered by or. Hooker. 

WHE'THER, hweTH'-ur. pronoun. Which of two. 
St. Matt. xxi. 

WHE'TSTONE, hwei'-slAne. n. s. Stone on which 
any thing is whetted, or rubbed, to make it sharp. 
Hooker. 

WHE'TTER, hweV-tfir. 98. n. s. One that whets or 
sharpens. More. 

WHEY §, hwa. 269. n.s. [hpce#. Sax. 5 wey, Dutch.] - 
The thin or serous part of milk, from -which the 
oleose or grumous part is separated. Harvey. It 
is used of any thing white and thin. Shakspeare. 

WHE'YEY, hwa'-e. ) aa. Partaking of whey j re 

WHE'YISH, hwa'-fsb. $ sembling whey. Bacon. 

WHICH §, hwflsh. pron. [hpi'.c, Sax.] The pronoun 
relative 3 relating to things. Hooker. It formerly 
was used for who, and related likewise to persons : 
as in the first words of the Lord's prayer. Hooker 
It is sometimes a demonstrative : as,' Take which 
you will. Shak. It is sometimes an interrogative ■ 
as. Which is the man ? St. John, viii. 
WHICHSOEVER, hw?tsh-s6-ev'-ur. pron. Wheth 

er one or the other. Locke. 
WHIFFY, hwif. n. s. [chwyth, Welsh.] A blast 3 a 
puff of wind. Shakspeare. 

To WHIFF*, hwff. v. a. To consume in whiffs 3 to 
emit with whiffs, as in smoking. Bp. Hall. 

To WHFFFLE $, hwif-fl. 405. v.n. To move incon- 
stantly, as if driven by a puff of wind. Rowe. 

To WHFFFLE*, hwif-fl. v. a. To disperse as by a 
puff ; to blow away ; to scatter. More. 

WHFFFLE*, hwif-fl. n. s. Anciently a fife or small 
flute. Douce. 

WHFFFLER. hwJf-fl-ur. 98. n. s. [from whiffle, a 
1016 



WHI 



WHI 



-liA, move, n6r, n&t 5— tube, tab, bull ;— 611 ;— pdund ;— </iin, mis. 



fife.) A harbinger, probably one with a horn or 
trumpet. A filer or piper. Shale. [paeplepe.Sax.] 
One of no consequence ; one moved with a whiff or 
puff; a trifler. Spectator. 

WHIG.hwlg. n.s. [hpoeS, Sax.] A kind of sour or 
thin milk ; whey, Breton. 

WHIGS, hwlg. n. s. [of Scottish origin, wiggamors, 
or whiggs.] One of the party, in our political his- 
Dn/de 



tory, opposed to the tones, jJn/aen 
WHI'GGARCHY*. hwlg'-gar-ke. n 

apvt).] Government by wings. Swift. 
WHl'GGISH,lvwlg'-glsh. 332. a. ~ 



[whig, and 



Relating to the 
whigs. Swi/t. 
WHI'GGISM, hwlg'-glzm. n. s. The notions of a 

whig. Swift. 
WHILES, hwlle. n. s. [weil, Germ.; hpile, Sax.; 

hweila, M. Goth.] Time ; space of time. Sidney. 
WHILE, hwlle. ) ad. [hpile, Sax.J During the 
WHILES, hwllz. £. time that. Shak. As long as. 
WHI LST, hwllst. ) Wails. At the same time that. 

2 Cor. ix. 
To WHILE, hwlle. v.n. To loiter. Spectator. 
To WHILE*, hwlle. v. a. To draw out ; to consume 

in a tedious way. Pegge. 
WHI'LERE, hwl'-lare. ad. [while, and ere, or be- 
fore.] A little while ago; ere while. Spenser. 
Ob. J. 
WHI'LOM, hwl'-l&m. 166. ad. [hpilom, Sax.] For- 
merly ; once; of old. Spenser. Oh. J. 
WHIMS, hwlm. n. s. [hwima, Icel. ; hwima, Sueth.] 
A freak ; an odd fancy ; a caprice ; an irregular 
motion of desire. Swift. 
To WHIMPERS, hwlm'-p&r. v. n. [wimmeren, 

Germ.] To cry without any loud noise. Locke. 
WHIMPERING*, hwW-p&r-lng. n. s. The act of 

uttering a small cry ; a squeak. Granger. 
WHI'MPLED. hwlm'-pld. 359. a. [perhaps from 

whimper.] Distorted with crying. Sluikspeare. 
WHI'MSEYS, hwim'-ze. 438. n. s. [another form of 
the word whim.] A freak ; a caprice ; an odd fan- 
cv ; a whim. B. Jonson. 
TVWHI'MSEY* hwlm'-ze. v. a. To fill with whim- 
sies. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
WHI'MSICAL, hwlm'-ze-kal. a. Freakish; capri- 
cious ; oddlv fanciful. Addison. 
WHIMSICALLY* hwlm'-ze-kal-le. ad. So as to be 

oddly fanciful. Dean Tucker. 
WHrMSICALNESS*,hwW-ze-kal-nes. n.s. State 

of being whimsical. Pope. 
WHI'MWHAM*, hwlm'-hwam. n. s. [a ludicrous 
reduplication of whim.] A plaything ; a toy ; an 
odd device ; a strange fancy ; a freak. Skelton. 
WHIN S r hwln. n. s. [clujicn, Welsh.] Furze ; gorse. 

Tusser. 
To WHINES, h wine. v.n. [hwina, Su. Goth.] To 
lament in low murmurs ; to make a plaintive noise; 
to moan meanly and effeminately. Sidney. 
WHINE, hwlne. n.s. Plaintive noise: mean or af- 
fected complaint. South. 
WHINER*, hwl'-n&r. n. $. One who whines. Gay- 
ton. 
WHI'NNY*. hwln'-ne. a. Abounding with whins. 

Nicnlscn and Burn. 
To WHINNY, hwln'-ne. v. n. [hinnio, Lat.] To 

make a noise like a horse or colt. More. 
WHI N YARD, hwln'-y&rd. 88. n. s. [pinnan and 

ape, Sax.] A sword : in contempt. Hudibras. 
To WHIPS, hwlp. v.a. [hpeopan, Sax.; wippen, 
Dut.] To strike with any thing tough and flexible. 
Addison. To sew slightly. Gay. To drive 'with 
lashes. Sluxk. To correct with lashes. Sluik. To 
lash with sarcasm. Shak. To inwrap. Moxon. 
To lake any thing nimbly : always with a particle 
ascertaining the sense: as, out, on, up, away. 
Shakspeare. 
To WHIP, hwlp. i5. n. To move nimbly : a ludicrous 

word. L' Estrange. \ 

W H 1P, hwlp. n. s. [hpeop, Sax.] An instrument of 

correction tough and pliant. 
WHIP and Spur. With the utmost haste. Pope. 
WHI'PCORD, hwlp'-kord. n.s. Cord of which lash- 
es are made. Dryden. 
128 



WHI'PGRAFTING, hwip'-graf-tlng. n.s. A kind 

of grafting. 
WHITHAND, hwlp'-hand. n. s. Advantage over. 

Dryden. 
WHI'PLASH, hwW-Iash. n.s. The lash or small 

end of a whip. Tusser. 
WHFPPER.hwlp'-pSr. 98. n. s. One who punishes 

with whipping. Shaksptare. 
WHI/PPING*, hwW-plng. n. s. Correction with a 

whip or rod. Bp. Hall. 
WHITPING-POST, hwlp'-plng-pist. n.s. A pillar 

to which criminals are bound when they are lashed. 

Hudibras. 
WHFPSAW, hwlp'-saw. n.s. An instrument to saw- 
such great pieces of stuff as the handsaw will not 

easily reach through. Moxon. 
WHI'PSTAFF, hwlp'-staf. n.s. [On shipboard.] A 
I piece of wood fastened to the helm, which the 

steersman holds in his hand to move the helm and 

turn the ship. Bailey. 
WHI'PSTER, hwlp'-stur. 98. n. 

Shakspeare. 
WHITSTOCK* hwlp'-st&k. n, 



A nimble fellow. 

The handle of a 
whip; the whip itself. Shakspeare. 

WHIPT, hwlpt. 359. part. pass. For whipped. Tusser. 

To WHIR*, hw£r. } v. n. [of the same origin 

! ToWHFRRY^hwer'-re. \ as whirl.] To turn 

round rapidly, with noise : a bird that flies with a 

quick motion, accompanied with noise, is still said 

to whir away. Chupnum. 

To WHIR*, hwer. u. a. To hurry. Shakspeare. 

To WHIRLS, hwe>l. v.a. [whirla, Icel.] To turn 
round rapidly. Shakspeare. 

To WHIRL, hweVl. v. n. To run round rapidly. 
Spenser. To move hastily. Dryden. 

WHIRL, hw£rl. 108. n. s. Gyration * quick rotation; 
circular motion; rapid circumvolution. Beaumont 
and Fletcher. Any thing moved with rapid rota 
tion. Addison. 

$5" There appears to me to be a delicate difference, by 
far too nice for foreigners to perceive, between the 
sound oft in this word and the short sound of u, as if it 
were written whurl, which is the pronunciation Dr. 
Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston, have adopted. I 
have rather adhered, with Mr. Sheridan, to the genuine 
sound of i in virgin.virtue, &c, though I would recom- 
mend the other sound to foreigners and provincials as 
the more easily conceived, and sufficiently near the 
truth. W. 

WHFRLBAT, hweVl'-bat. n.s. [whirl and bat.] Any 
thing moved rapidly round to give a blow. Creech. 

WHFRLBONE, hweYl'-bone. n. s. The patella ; the 
cap of the knee. Ainsworth. 

WHFRLIG1G, hweY-le-glg. n.s. A toy which chil- 
dren spin round. Mountagu. 

WHIRLPIT, hwgrl'-plt. ) n. s. [hpyprpole 

WHIRLPOOL, hw&F-po6l. \ Sax.] A place 
where the water moves circularly, and draws what- 
ever comes within the circle towards its centre 3 a 
vortex. Shakspeare. 

WHFRLW1ND, hwlri'-wlnd. n.s. [werbelwind 
Germ.] A stormv wind moving circularly. Shak. 

WHIRRING, hweV-ring. a. See To Whir. 

WHISKS, hwlsk. n.s. [wischen, Germ.] A sma. 
besom, or brush. Boyle. A part of a woman 
dress. Child. A quick, violent motion ; and hence 
perhaps, a sudden gale. Turbervile. 

To WHISK, hwlsk. v. a. To sweep with a small be- 
som. Skelton. To move nimbly, as when one 
sweeps. Raleigh. 

To WHISK*, hwlsk. v. n. To move with velocity. 
Purchas. 

WHFSKER, hwls'-kur. 98. n.s. The hair growing 
on the upper lip or cheek unshaven ; a mustachio. 
Hudibras. 

WHFSKERED*, hwls'-k&rd. a. Formed into whis- 
kers. Green. 

WHFSKY*, hwls'-ke. n.s. A spirit drawn from bar- 
ley. Johnson. 
To WHPSPERS, hwls'-p&r. v.n. [wisper en, Dutch.] 
To speak with a low voice, so as not to be heard 
but by the ear close to the speaker ; to speak with 
suspicion or timorous caution. Ps. xli. 
1017 






WHI 



WHO 



[D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pln;- 



To WHISPER, hwis'-pftr. v. a. To address in a low 
voice. Shakspeare. To utter in a low voice. Shak- 
speare. To prompt secretly. Sliakspeare. 
WHISPER, hwfs'-pfir. 98. n.s. A low, soft Voice ; 

cautious and timorous speech. Bu£on. 
WHISPERER, hwls'-pur-fir. n.s. One that speaks 
low. Brevint, A private talker ; a teller of secrets; 
conveyer of intelligence. Bacon. 
WHFSPERING*, hwls'-p&r-mg. n. s. Act of speak- 
ing- in a low voice ; cautious speech. Sidney. 
WHPSPERINGLY*, hw?s'-pur->ng-le. ad. In a low 

voice. Dalgarno. 
To WHIST, hw?st. o. a. [probably from hush, whence 

laisl and hist.] To silence ; to stilh Spenser. 
To WHIST*, hwlst. v.n. To become silent. Ld. 

Surrey. 
WHIST, hwlst. interj. Be still ! be silent ! Lodge. 
WHIST, hwlst- n. s. A game at cards, requiring 

one's attention and silence. Swift. 
To WHPSTLE*, hwis'-sl. 472. v.n. [hpi r tlan, 
Sax. ; fistula, Lat.] To form a kind of musical 
sound, by an inarticulate modulation of the breath. 
Bacon. To make a sound with a small wind in- 
strument. To sound shrill. Sliakspeare. 
To WHPSTLE. hwis'-sl. v. a. To call by a whistle. 

South. 
WHPSTLE, hwftfal.405. n. s. [hpi r rle, Sax.] 
Sound made by the modulation of the breath in the 
mouth. Dryde'n. A sound made by a small wind 
instrument. The mouth : the organ of whistling. 
Walton. A small wind instrument. Sidney. The 
noise of winds. A call, such as sportsmen use to 
their dogs. Shakspeare. 
WHPSTLER, hwis'-sl-fir. 98, 397. n. s. One who 

whistles. Addison. 
WHI'STLY*, hwlst'-le. ad. Silently. Arden of Fe- 

versham. 
WHIT, hwit. 397. ?i. s. [piht, Sax.] A point; a jot. 

Sidney. 
WHITE*, hwite. 397. a. [hpir, Sax. ; nil, Dutch.] 
Having such an appearance as arises from the mix- 
ture of all colours; snowy. Newton. Having the 
colour of fear ; pale. Shak. Having the colour ap- 
propriated to happiness and innocence. Milton. 
Gray with age. Shakspeare. Pure ; unblemished ; 
unclouded. Donne. 
WHITE, hwhe. n. s. Whiteness ; any thing white ; 
white colour. Newton. The mark at which an ar- 
row is shot, which used to be painted white. Dry- 
den. The albugineous part of eggs. Shakspeare. 
The white part of the eve. Ray. 
To WHITE, hwite. v. a'. To make while; to deal- 
bate ; to whitewash. St. Mark, ix. 
WHITELE'AD. h\vlte-led'.?i.s. A calyx made from 

sheet-lead. Quinaj. 
WHITELIMED*/ hwite'-llmd. a. Covered with 

white plaster. Titus Andronicus. 
WHITELI'VERED, hwlte-ilv'-urd. a. [white and 
liver.] Envious ; malicious ; cowardly. Sliak- 
speare. 
WHI'TELY, hwlte'-le. a. Coming near to white. 

Shakspeare. 
WHFTEMEAT, hwlte'-mete. n. s. Food made of 

milk. Tusser. 
To WHITEN, hwl'-tn. 103. i\ a. To make white. 

Brown. 
To WHI'TEN, hwl'-tn. v.n. To grow white. Smith. 
WHITENER, hwl'-tn-fir. 98. n. s. One who makes 

any thing white. 
WHITENESS, hwite'-nes. n.s. The state of being 
white ; freedom from colour. Newton.. Paleness. 
Shakspeare. Purity ; cleanness. Dryden. 
WHI TEPOT, hwlte'-pot. n. s. A kind of food. 

King. 
WHITES, hwltes. n. s. A disease arising from a lax- 
ness of the glandsof the uterus, and a cold, pituitous 
blood. Quincy. 
WHITETHORN, hwite'- tfiorn. n. s. A species of 

thorn. Boyle. 
WHITEWASH, hwlte'-w&sh. n.s. Awash to make 
the skin seem fair. Addison. A kind of liquid 
plaster with which walls are whitened. Harte. 



To WHITEWASH*, hwlte'-wAsh. v. a. To cover 

with whitewash. Mason. 
WHITE WINE, hwhe'-wine. n. s. A species of wine 

produced from the white grapes. Wiseman 
WHITHER, hwiTH'-ur. 469. a. [hpySep, Sax. ; 
hwader, M. Goth.] To what place ? interrogative- 
ly. Shak. To what place : absolutely. Milton. To 
which place : relatively. Spenser. To what de- 
gree. B. Jonson. Whithersoever. Devi. xxi. 
WHITHERSOEVER, hwh-H-fir-so-ev'-nr. ad. To 

whatsoever place. Bp. Taylor. 
WHITING, hwl'-dng. 410. n.s. [wiitingh, Dutch.] 
A small sea-fish. Careiu. A soft chalk, [from 
white.] Boyle. 
WHITISH, hwl'-tlsh. a. Somewhat white. Boyle. 
WHITISHNESS, hwl'-tlsh-ngs. n.s. The quality 

cf being somewhat white. Boyle. 
WH1TLEATHER, hwit'-leTH-ur. 515. n. s. [white 
and leather.] Leather dressed with alum, remarkable 
for toughness. Tv-sser. 
WHITLOW, hwlt'-tf. n.s. [bpit, Sax., and low.] 
A swelling between the cuticle and cutis, called 
the mild whitlow, or between the periosteum and 
the bone, called- the malignant whitlow. Wiseman. 
WHITSOUR, hwlt'-sdflr. n. s. A kind of apple. 
WHITSTER, hwlt'-stur. 515. ? n. s. A whitener. 
WHITER, hwi'-tur. \ Sliakspeare. 

WHITSUL, hwlt'-sul. n. s. A provincial word, for 

milk, sour milk, cheese, curds, butter. Carew. 
WHI'TSUN*, hwlt'-sun. a. Observed at Whitsun- 
tide. Shakspeare. 
WHITSUNTIDE, hwlt'-s&n-tlde. n. s. [zohite and 
Sunday ; because the converts, newly baptized, ap- 
peared from Easter to Whitsuntide in white.] The 
feast of Pentecost. Sidney. 
WHITTENTREE, hwh'-tn-tre. n. s. A sort of tree. 

Ainsworth. 
WHITTLES, hwlt'-tl. 515. n. s. [hpytel, Sax.] A 
white dress for a woman ; a double blanket, worn 
by the west-countrywomen over their shoulders, 
like cloaks, [hpvtel, Sax.] A knife. Shakspeare. 
To WHITTLEf, 'hwit' -ll. 405. v.a. To cut with a 

knife. To edge : to sharpen. Hakewill. 
WHITYBROWN*. a. [ivhite and brown.] Of a 
colour between white and brown : as, whitybrown 
paper, whttybrovm bread. Pegge. 
To WHIZ*, hwlz. v. n. [from the sound that it ex 
presses.] To make a loud, humming noise. Shak. 
WHIZ*, nwiz. n. s. A loud, humming noise. Guar- 
dian. 
WHO*, hOO. 474. pronoun; genitive wlwse ; other 
cases whom, [hpa, Sax. ; wie, Dutch.] A pronoun 
relative, applied to persons. Abbot. Which of 
many. Locke. — As who should say . Elliptically for 
as one who should say. Collier. — Wliose is the geni- 
tive of which, as well as of who. and is applied to 
things. St. John, xx. It has sometimes a disjunc- - 
tive sense. Daniel. It is used often interrogatively : 
as, Wlw is this 1 Psalms. 
WHOE'VER, h65-ev'-flr. pronoun. Any one, with 

out limitation or exception. Spenser. 
WHOLE*, hole. 474. a. [par*, Sax.] All; total; 
containing all. Shak. Complete; not defective. 
Waller. Uninjured ; unimpaired, [hails, M. Golh.] 
2 Sam. i. Well of any hurt or sickness. Jos. v. 
WHOLE, hole. n. s. The totality ; no part omitted ; 
the complex of all the parts. Ecclesiastes. A sys- 
tem ; a regular combination. Pope. 
WIJO'LESALE, h6le'-sale. n. s. Sale in the lump, 
not in separate small parcels. The whole mass. 

W6m. 

WHOLESALE, hc-le'-sale. a. Buying or selling in 
the lump, or in large quantities. Addison. 

WHO'LESOME, h6le 7 -sfim. 165. a. [heelsam, Dutch ; 
heylsam, Teut. ; both from hael, Sax.] Sound. 
Contrary to unsound in doctrine. Atterbury. Con- 
tributing to health. Milton. Preserving; salutary. 
Psalm xx. Useful ; conducive to happiness or vir 
tue. Sliakspeare. Kindly ; pleasing •. a burlesque 
use. Shakspeare. 

WHO'LESOMELY, h6le'-s&m-le. ad Salubriously ; 
salutiferously. Fox. 

1018 



WIC 



WIF 



-no, m5ve, udr, n6t 5 — tube, tub, bull ;— dll ;— pdund ;— th\n, THis. 



WHO'LESOMENESS, hile'-sum-nes. n. s. Quail 
ty of conducing to health; salubrity. Fell. Salu- 
tariness; cenduciveness to good. Goodman. 
WHOLLY, hole'-e. 474. ad. Completely ; perfect- 
ly. Sidney. Totally ; in all the parts or kinds. 
Bacon. 
Tj£j" From an ill-judged omission of the silent e in this 
word, its sound has been corrupted ns if written hully •. 
but it ought undoubtedly to be written wholely, and 
pronounced like the adjective holy, and so as to corre- 
spond and rhyme with solely. W. 
WHOM, h66m. The accusative of who, singular 

and plural. Pearson. 
WHOMSOEVER, hdom-s6-ev -ftr. pron. [oblique 
rase of tchosoever.] Any. without exception. Gen. 
xxxi. 
\VHOO / BUB ; hub / -bub.N. i -. Hubbub. SeeHuBBUB. 
Sliakspeare. 

WHOOP$, hoop. n.s. See Hoop. A shout of pur- 

suit. Hndibras. A bird. Diet. 
To WHOOP, hdop. v. n. To shout. Sliakspeare. 
To WHOOP, hddp. v. a. To insult with shouts. 

Dryden. 
To WHOOT, boat. v. n. See To Hoot. To shout. 

Drayton. 
To WHOOT*, hoot. v. a. To insult with shouts. 
Young. 

WHORE §, hodr, or h6re. n. s. [hupe, Sax. ; hoere, 
Dutch.] A prostitute ; a woman who receives men 
tor money. Dryden. A woman who converses 
unlawfully with men ; a fornicatress ; an adulteress ; 
a strumpet. B. Jonson. 

ftCf If there can be a polite pronunciation of this vulgar 
word, it is the first of these, rhyming with poor. The 
stage has followed this pronunciation; Mr. Sheridan 
has adopted it ; but Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Scott give the 
preference to the last ; and W. Johnston, Mr. Elphin- 
ston, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, adopt only the last, 
rhyming with more. This, it must be confessed, is the 
most analogical ; but, as it is used by the vulgar, the 
polite world think they depart a little from the vulgari- 
ty of the word by departing from its genuine pronunci- 
ation. W. 

To WHORE, h66r. v. a. To corrupt with regard 
to chastity. Beaumont ami Fletcher. 

To WHORE, ho6r. v. n. To converse unlawfully 
with the other sex. Drt/den. 

WHOREDOM, hoor'-dum. n. s. Fornication. Bp. 
Hall. 

WHO'REM ASTER, hoor'-nui-slur. ) 

WHOREMONGER, liOor'-ming-gur. , P* * 
[ashore and master, or monger^ One who keeps 
whores, or converses with a fornicatress. Tillotson. 

WHORESON, h66r'-sun. n. s. A bastard. Shak. 1 

WHO'RISH, hdSrMsh. a. Unchaste; incontinent.! 
Proverbs, vi. 

WHOR1SHLY, hoor'-ish-le. ad. Harlotlike. 

WHORISHNESS* lwSrMsh-nes. n. s. Character I 
of a whore. Bale. 

WHORTLEBERRY, hwur'-tl-ber-re. n. 5. [heopt- j 
be pian, Sax.] Bilberry. A plant. Miller. 

WHOSE, hooz. n. s. Genitive of who. Shak. Gen- 
itive of -which. Prior. 

WHO'SO, hoo'-so. I pronoun. Any, 

WHOSOEVER, ho6-s6-eV-ur. > without restric- 
tion. Bacon. 

To WHUR, whur. v. n. To pronounce the letter r 
with too much force. Diet. 

WHURT, hwurt. n. s. A whortleberry ; a bilberry. 
Carew. 

WHY, hwi. 397, 475. ad. [hpi, Sax.] For what rea- 
son 1 interrogatively. Leslie. For which reason : 
relatively. Perkins. For what reason : relatively. 
Milton. It is sometimes used emphatically : as, 
■why, no. Sliakspeare. 

WHY*, hwl. n. s. [quie, Dan.] A young heifer. Grose. 

WHY'NOT, hwl'-not. n. s. A cant word for violent 
or peremptory procedure. Hudibras. 

WI. [Sax.] Holy. Thus, Wimund, holy peace 3 Wi- 
bert, eminent for sanctity; Alwi, altogether holy, 
&c. Gibson's Camden-. 

WIC, WICH, come from the Saxon pic, which, ac- 
cording to the different nature and condition of 



places, has a threefold signification : implying 
either a village, or a bay made by the winding 
banks of a river, or a castle. Gibson's Camden. 



WICK, wik. 7t. s. [peoce, Sax. : wiecke, Dutch.] The 
substance round which is applied the wax or tallow 
of a torch or candle. Spenser. 

WI'CKEp§,wlk'-id.99. a. [of this word the ety- 
mology is very obscure.] Given to vice ; not good ; 
flagitious; morally bad. Job, viii. Cursed ; bane- 
ful'; pernicious; bad in effect : as medicinal things 
are called virtuous. Spenser. 

WICKEDLY, wik'-ld-lc. ad. Criminally; corrupt- 
ly ; badly. B. Jonson. 

Wl CKEDNESS, wlk'-?d-nes. n. s. Corruption of 
manners; guilt; moral ill. Shakspeare. 

WICKER, wlk'-ur. 98. a. [vigre, Dan.] Made of 
small sticks. Spenser. 

WFCKET, wik'-it. 99. n.s. [guichet, Fr. ; wicket, 
Dutch ; gwichet, Welsh.] A small gate. Spenser. 
A pair of short laths, set up within a few inches of 
each other, to be bowled at in the game of cricket. 
Duncombe. 

WICLIFFITE* wikMlf-flte. n.s. One of the fol- 
lowers of the great religious reformer Wicliffe. 
Lewis: 

WI'DDY*. See Withy. 

WIDE§, wide. a. [pibe, Sax. ; wijd, Dutch.] 
Broad ; extended far each way. 1 Chron. iv. Broad 
to a certain degree : as, three inches wide. De- 
viating; remote. Raleigh. 

WIDE, wide. ad. At a distance. Spense^, With 
great extent. Sliakspeare. 

WIDELY, wide'-le. ad. With great extent each 
way. Bmtley. Remotely; far. Locke. 

To WI'DEN, wi'-dn. 103. v. a. To make wide; to 
extend. South. 

To WFDEN, wl'-dn. v. n. To grow wide; to extend 
itself. Locke. 

WFDENESS, wlde'-nes. n. s. Breadth ; large ex- 
tent each way. Dryden. Comparative breadth. 
Bejitley. 

WFDGEON, wid'-jto. 259. n. s. A water-fowl, not 
unlike a wild duck, but not so large. Carew. 

WFDOW*, w!d'-6. 327. n.s. [pibpa, Sax.; we. 
duwe, Dutch ; iveddw, Welsh ; vidua, Lat.] A wo- 
man whose husband is dead. Sliakspeare. 

To WFDOW, w?d'-6. ». a. To deprive of a husband. 
Shak. To endow with a widow-right. Shak. To 
strip of any thing good. Dryden. 

WFDOWER, wld'-o-ur. 98. n. s. One who has lost 
his wife. Sidney. 

WFDOWHOOD, wkF-6-hud. n. s. The state of a 
j widow. Sidney. Estate settled on a widow. Shak. 
j WIDOWHU'NTER, wid'-i-hunt-fir. n. s. One who 
t courts widows for a jointure. Addison. 

WIDOWMA'KER, "w?d'-6-ma-kur. n. s. One who 



deprives women of their husbands. Sliakspeare 
WFDOW-WAIL, wld'-d-wale. n. s, A plant, j 
ler. 



Mil. 



WIDTH, width, n.s. [from wide.] Breadth; wide- 

ness. Moxvn. 
To WIELDS, weeld. 275. v. a. [pealban, Sax.] To 

use with full command, as a thing not too heavy 

for the holder. Shak. To handle : in an ironical 

sense. Shakspeare. 
WIE'LDLESS*, weeldMSs. a. Unmanageable. 

Spensei-. 
WIE'LDY, weel'-de. a. Manageable. 
WFERY, wl'-re. a. Made of wire : it were better 

written wiry. Donne. Drawn into wire. Peacham. 

[from psep,*Sax.] Wet; wearish; moist. Shak. 

05" When this word signifies made of wire, or drawn 
into wire, Dr. Johnson says it were better written wiry ; 
but ought not fiery, for the same reason, to be written 
firy ? When it signifies wet, wearish, or moist, perhaps 
it should be pronounced like weary, fatigued. W. 

WIFE $, wife. n. s. plural wives, [pip, Sax. ; wif, 
Dutch ; tot//, Icel.l A woman that has a husband. 
Sluik. It is used for a woman of low employment. 
Bacon. 

WFFEHOOD*, wlfe'-hud. n. s. State and character 
of a wife. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
1019 



WIL 



WIN 



0= 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, m&;— pine, pin;— 



WI'FELESS*, wlfe'-les. a. Without a wife; unmar- 
ried. Chaucer. 
WI'FELY*, wlfe'-le. a. Becoming a wife. Dryden. 
WIG. n. s. Wig, being a termination in the 
names of men, signifies war, or else a hero, from 
pij'a, a woid of that signification. Gibson's Cam- 
den. 
WIG, wig. n. s. [contracted from periwig.'] False 
hair worn on the head. Swift, [wegglve, Teut.] 
A sort of cake. Ainsworth. 
WIGHTS, wlte. 393. n. s. [pihfc, Sax.] A person ; 
a being. Shak. Now used only in irony or contempt. 
WIGHT, wlte. a. [wig, Su. Goth.] Swift ; nimble. 

Spenser. 
WIGHT, an initial in the names of men, signifies 
strong ; nimble ; lusty : being purely Saxon. 
Gibson's Camden. 
Wl'GHTLY, wlte'-le. ad. Swiftly ; nimbly. Spenser, j 
WILDS, wild. a. [pilb, Sax.; wild, Dutch.] Not 
tame ; not domestick. ShaL Propagated by na- ! 
ture ; not cultivated. Bacon. Desert ; uninhabited. ! 
Milton. Savage; uncivilized: used of persons, or 
practices. Bacon. Turbulent; tempestuous; irreg- 
ular. Addison. Licentious; ungoverned. Milton. 
Inconstant ; mutable ; fickle. Pope. Inordinate ; 
loose. Sliak. Uncouth ; strange. Sfiafc. Done or 
made without any consistent order or plan. Milton. 
Merely imaginary. Swift. 
WILD, wild. n. s. A desert; a tract uncultivated and 

uninhabited. Drayton. 
WILD Basil, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
WILD Cucumber, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
WILD Olive, n.s. A plant. Miller. 
WILD Service, n. s. A plant. Miller. 
To WFLDER, wil'-d&r. 515. v. a. [from wild.] To 
lose or puzzle in an unknown or pathless tract. 
Dryden. 
WI'LDERNESS, wil'-d&r-nes. n. s. A desert : a 
tract of solitude and savageness. Spenser. The 
state of being wild or disorderly. Milton. 
WI'LDFIRE, wlld'-flre. n. s. A composition of in- 
flammable materials, easy to take fire, and hard to 
be extinguished. Bacon. 
WILDGOOSECHA'SE, wlld-g6Ss'-tshase. n. s. A 
pursuit of some thing as unlikely to be caught as 
the wildgoose. Slia/cspeare. 
WI'LDING, wild'-ing. 410. n. s. [wildelinghe, Dutch.] 

A wild, sour apple. Dryden.. 
WI'LDLY, wlld'-le. ad. Without cultivation. More. 
Without tameness ; with ferity. With disorder ; 
with perturbation or distraction. Shak. Without 
attention ; without judgement ; heedlessly. Sliak. 
Capriciously; irrationally. Wilkins. Irregularly. 
Dryden. 
WFLDNESS, wlld'-nes. n. s. Rudeness; disorder 
like that of uncultivated ground. Bacon. Inordi- 
nate vivacity ; irregularity of manners. Shak. Sav- 
ageness; brutality. Sidney. Ferity ; the stale of an 
animal untamed ; contrary to tameness. Unculti- 
vated state. Dryden. Deviation from a settled 
course ; irregularity. WaUs. Alienation of mind. 
Shakspeare. 
WILE $, wile. n. s. [pile, Sax. ; wiel, Icel.] A deceit ; 
a fraud ; a trick ; a stratagem ; a practice artful, 
sly, and insidious. Daniel. 
To WIL.E*, wile. v.a. [wwkt, Icel.; pi^lian, Sax.] 
To deceive; to impose upon; to beguile. Spenser. 
WFLFUL, wil'-f&l. a. [will and full.] Stubborn; 
contumacious ; perverse ; inflexible. Proverbs. 
Done or suffered by design. Spenser. 
WILFULLY, wil'-ffil-e. ad. Obstinately ; stubborn- 
ly. Sidney. By design ; on purpose. Hammond. 
WILFULNESS, wll'-ful-nes. n.s. Obstinacy; stub- 
bornness ; perverseness. Hooker. 
WI'LILY, wl'-le-le. ad. By stratagem ; fraudulently. 

Joshua, ix. 
W1L1NESS, wl'-le-nSs. n. s. Cunning; guile. Ps. x. 
WILK*, wllk. n. s. [pealc, Sax.] A land of peri- 
winkle; a sea-snail. Drayton. 
WILL §, will. n. s. [pilla, Sax. ; wille, Dutch.] That 
power by which we desire, and purpose ; velleity. 
Hammond. Choice ; arbitrary determination. 



v.n. To dispose of effects by will. 



Locke. Discretion ; choice. Wilkins. Command ; 
direction. Eccles. xliii. Disposition; inclination; 
desire. Sliak. Power ; government. Psalms. Di 
vine determination. Shak. Testament ; disposition 
of a dying man's effects. Dryden. — Goodwill. 
Favour; kindness. Shak. Right intention. Phil, i- 
Ill-will. Malice ; malignity. 

WILL with a Wisp. n. s. Jack with a lantern. Gay. 

To WILL, will. v. a. [wiljan, Goth. ; pillan, Sax. ; 
willen, Dutch.] To desire that any thing shouia De, 
or be done ; or not be, or not be done. Hooker. 
To be inclined or resolved to have. Shak. To 
command ; to direct. Hooker. It is one of the signs 
of the future tense ; of which it is difficult to show 
or limit the signification, 

To WILL*, will 
Brand. 

WI'LLER*, wllM&r. n. s. One that wills. Barrow. 

WFLLI and Vili, among the English Saxons, as 
viele at this day among the Germans, signified 
many. So Willielmus is the defender of many ; 
Wilfred, peace to many. Gibson's Camden. 

Wl'LLING,wil'-ling. 410. a. Inclined to anything; 
consenting ; not disposed to refuse. Milton. Pleas- 
ed ; desirous. Wisdom. Favourable ; well disposed 
to any thing. Exodus, xxxv. Ready ; complying 
Hooker. Chosen. Milton. Spontaneous. Dryden 
Consenting. Milton. 

WFLLINGLY, wil'-ling-le. ad. With one's own 
consent ; without dislike ; without reluctance 
Hooker. By one's own desire. Addison. 

WI'LLINGNESS, wil'-ling-nes. n. s. Consent; free 
dom from reluctance ; ready compliance. B. Jon 

WILLOWS, wil'-16. 327. ?i.s. [pehe, Sax.] A tree, 
of the boughs of which a garland was said to be 
worn by forlorn lovers. Miller. 

WI'LLOWED*, wil'-lode. a. Abounding with wil- 
lows. Collins. 

WI'LLOWISH, wil'-l6-ish. a. Resembling the col- 
our of willow. Walton. 

WI'LLOWWEED, wilM6-weed. n. s. A plant. Ains- 
worth. 

WI'LLOWWORT, wi]'-l6-wfirt. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

WI'LLOWY*, wtlM6-e: a. Abounding with willows. 
Gray. 

WI'LSOME*, w'fl'-sum. a. Obstinate ; stubborn. 

WPLY, wl'-le. a. Cunning; sly; full of stratagem ; 
fraudulent ; insidious ; subtle ; mischievously artful. 
Spenser. 

WI'MBLE, wlm'-bl. 405. a. Active; nimble; shift- 
ing to and fro. Spenser. 

WI'MBLE $, wim'-bl. 405. n.s. [ivimpel, old Dutch, 
from wemelen.] An instrument with which holes are 
bored. Dryden. 

To WI'MBLE*, wim'-bl. k. a. To bore. Sir T. Her- 
bert. 

WI'MPLE §,wim'-pl. 405. n. s. [guimple, Fr.] A 
hood ; a veil. Isaiah, ii. 

WI'MPLE, wlm'-pl. n. s. A plant. 

To WI'MPLE, wfm'-pl. v.a. [wimpelen, Teut.] To 
draw down as a hood or veil. Spenser. 

WIN, whether initial or final m the names of 
men, may either denote a masculine temper, from 
pin, which signifies, in Saxon, war, strength, &c, 
or else the general love and esteem he hath among 
the people, from the Saxon pine, i. e. dear, belov- 
ed. In the names of places, U implies a battle 
fought there. Gibson. 
To WIN §, win. v. a. pret. wan and won ; part. pass. 
won. [pinna, Sax. ; winnen, Dutch ; winna. Su. 
Goth.; winnan, M. Goth.] To gain by conquest. 
Knolles. To gain the victory in a contest. Den- 
liam. To gain something withheld, or something 
valuable. Shak. To obtain; to allure to kindness 
or compliance. Sidney. To gain by play. Addi- 
son. To gain by persuasion. Milton. To gain by 
courtship. Shakspeare. 
To WIN, win. v. n. To gain the victory. Milton, 
To gain influence or favour. Bacon. To gain 

§ round. Shak. To be conqueror or gainer at play. 
hakspeare. 

1020 



WIN- 



WIN 



-116, mdve, ndr, n&t;— -tube, t&b, bull;— oil;— pdflndj— tlnn, THis. 



To WINCE}, wlnse. v. n. [gwingo, Welsh.] To 
kick as impatient of a rider, or of pain. Shak. 

WI'NCER, win'-sor. n. s. A kicking beast; one 
wincing: as a beast. Milton. 

WINCH, winsh. ?i.s. [guincher, Fr.] A windlace ; 
something- held in the Tiand by which a wheel or 
cylinder is turned. Mortimer. 

To' WINCH }, winsh. 352. v. a. To kick with impa- 
tience ; to shrink from any uneasiness. Shakspeare. 

WINCH*, winsh. n. s. A kick of a beast impatient 
of the rider or of pain. Shelton. 

WI NCOPIPE,wmg'-k6-plpe. n.s. A small red flow- 
er. Biiccm. 

WIND y, wind, or wind. [See Gold.] n. s. [pinb, 
Sax. ; wind, Dutch. | Wind is when any tract of air 
moves from the place it is in to any other, with an 
impetus that is sensible to us ; wherefore it was not 
ill called by the ancients, a swiller course of air 5 a 
flowing- wave of air ; a flux, effusion, or stream of 
air. JUuschenbroek. Direction of the blast from a 

Particular point : as, eastward, westward. Shak. 
ireath ; power or act of respiration. Shak. Air 
caused by auy action. Milton. Breath modulated 
by an instrument. Bacon. Air impregnated with 
scent. Swift. Flatulence ; windiness. Milton. Any 
thing insignificant or light as wind. Milton. — Down 
tlie wind. To decay. L'Estrange. To take or 
have the wind. To gain or have the upper hand. 
Bacon. 

J^f* These two modes of pronunciation have been long 
contending for superiority, till at last the former seems 
to have gained a complete victory, except in the terri- 
tories ot rhyme. Here the poets claim a privilege, and 
readers seem willing to grant it them, by pronouncing 
this word, when it ends a verse, so as to rhyme with 
the word it is coupled with: 

" For as in bodies, thus in souls we find, 

"What wants in blood and spirits, fill'd with wind." 

But in prose this regular and analogical pronunciation 
borders on the antiquated and pedantick. 
What could have been the cause of this deviation from 
the general rule in this word and gold it is not easy to 
guess ; they were both bound to their true sound in the 
fetters of rhyme ; but these fetters, which are supposed 
to alter the pronunciation of some words by linking dis 
similar sounds, have not been strong enough to restrain 
these from a capricious irregularity. It is not improb- 
able, that the first deviation began in the compounds, 
such as troldsmith, goldfinch, windmill, windward, Sec, 
(ao it is°a prevailing idiom of pronunciation to shorten 
simples in their compounds ; see Principles^ No. 515, 
and the word Knowledge;) and these at last corrupt- 
ed the simples. But, whatever may have been the 
cause, the effect is now become so general, that reduc- 
ing them to their true sound seems almost impractica- 
ble. Mr. Sheridan tells us, that Swift used to jeer those 
who pronounced wind with the i short, by saying, " 1 
have a great mind to find why you pronounce it wind." 
A very illiberal critick retorted this upon Mr. Sheridan 
by saying, "If I may be so boold, I should be glad to be 
taidd why you pronounce it goold." The truth is, every 
child knows how these words ought to be pronornced 
according to analogy ; but it requires some judgement, 
and an extensive acquaintance with polite and literary 
circles, to know which is the most current pronuncia 
tion. Where analogy i3 not so evident, and yet as real 
as in these words, it is some credit to a speaker to de 
part a little from custom in favour of analogy ; but 
where every one knows as well as ourselves what ought 
to be the pronunciation, and yet where every one pro- 
nounces in opposition to it, we shall get nothing hut 
contempt by departing from the general voice. With 
respect to the words in question, my observation fails 
me if wind, as a single word, is not more fixed in the 
sound of short i than gold in the sound of 00 •. the true 
sound of this last word seems not quite irrecoverable, 
except in the compound goldsmith ; but the compounds 
of wind, such as windy, windmill, windward, &c, must, 
in my opinion, be given up: nor, till some supenour 
spirit, uniting the politeness of a Chesterfield with the 
genius of a Swift, descends to vindicate the rights of an 
injured word, do I think that wind will, in prose and 
familiar language, ever be a fashionable pronu nciation. 
The language of Scripture seems to have nath *e digni- 
ty and solemnity sufficient to authorize the long- sound, 
but no other. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott gi ve the 
tame preference to the first Bound of this word that I 



have done. Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Barclay give only the 
short sound. Mr. Perry joins them in this sound, but 
says in drumatick scenes it has the long one. Mr. 
Nares says it has certainly the short sound in common 
usage, but that all our best poets rhyme it with wind, 
kind, &c. ; and Mr. Smith observes, that it is now the 
polite pronunciation, though against analogy. IV. 

To WIND, wind. v. a. preter. wound ; sometimes, 
though rarely, winded ; part, wound, [pmban, 
Sax. ; winden, Dutch.] To blow ; to sound bv in- 
flation. Spenser. To turn round r to twist. Bacon. 
To regulate in motion ; to turn to this or that direc- 
tion. Shak. To nose ; to follow by scer.t.. Hvdi- 
bras. To ventilate. Prompt. Parr,. To torn by 
shifts or expedients. Hudibras. To introduce by 
insinuation. Shak. To change. Addison. To en 
twist ; to infold ; to encircle. Shak. — To wind oui. 
To extricate. Clarendon. Towindup. To bring 
to a small compass : as, a bottom of thread. Locke. 
To wind up. Used of a watch : to convolve the 
spring. Shak. To put into a state of renovated or 
continued motion. Dryden. To raise by degrees. 
Hay ward. To straigHten a string by turning that 
on which it is rolled ; to put in tune. Waller. To 
put in order for regular action: from a watch 
Slmkspeare. 
To WIND, wind. v. n. To turn; to change. Dryden. 
To turn; to be convolved. Bacon. To move 
round. Denham. To proceed in flexures. Shak. 
To be extricated ; to be disentangled. Milton. 
WI'NDBOUND, wlnd'-bdund. a. Confined by con- 
trary winds. Dryden. 
WFNDEGG, wliid'-^g. n. s. An egg not impreg- 
nated ; an egg that does not contain the principles 
of life. Brown. 
Wl'NDER, wlnd'-fir. 98. n. s. An instrument or per- 
son by which any thing is turned round. Draijton. 
A plant that twists itself round others. Bacon. A 
winding step in a stair-case. 
WINDFALL, wlnd'-fall. n. s. Fruit blown down 
from the tree. Bacon. An unexpected legacy ; any 
unexpected advantage. B. Jonson. 
WINDFA'LLEN*, wlnd'-faln. a. Blown down by 

the wind. Drayton. 
WI'NDFLOWER, wlnd'-fl6&-&r. n. s. The anem- 
one. 
WFNDGALL, w?nd'-gall. n.s. [wind and gall.} A 
soft, yielding, flatulent tumour, full of corrupt jetty r 
which grows upon each side of the fetlock joints of 
a horse. Farrier's Diet. 
WINDGUN, wlnd'-gun. n. s. Gun which dis- 
charges the bullet by means of wind compressed. 
Wilkins. 
WI'NDINESS, win'-de-nes. n.s. Fulness of wind; 
flatulence. Harvey. Tendency to generate wind 
Bacon. Tumour; puffiness. Brerewood. 
WFNDINCwlnd'-ing.^O. n.s. Flexure; mean 

der. Addison. 
WFNDINGSHEET, wlnd'-fng-sheet. n. s. A sheet 

in which the dead are inwrapped. Bacon. 
WI'NDLACEy*,; windMas m \ n. s. [wind 
WINDLASS y, \ I and tee.] A 

handle by which a rope or lace is wrapped togeth- 
er round a cylinder. A handle by which any "thing 
is turned. Shakspeare. 
To WI'NDLACE*, > , ., ,. S v. n. To act indi- 
To WI'NDLASS*, < WInd - ,as - j rectly; to go 

warily to work. Hammond. 
WI'NDLE, wln'-dl. n. s. A spindle. Ainsworth. 
WI'NDLESS*, wind'-les. a. Wanting wind; out of 

breath. Fairfax. 
WINDMILL, wlnd'-mlll. n.s. A mill turned by the 

wind. Waller. 
WT'NDOW, wln'-d6. 327. n. s. [vindue, Dan.] An 
aperture in a building by which air and ligi.t are 
intromitted. Spenser. The frame of glass or any 
other materials that covers the aperture. Ne>cton. 
Lines crossing each other. King. An aperture 
resembling a window. 
To WINDOW, wln'-do. v. a. To furnish with win- 
dows. Wotton. To place at a window. Shak. To 
break into openings. Slutkspeare. 
1021 






WIN 



WIS 



UT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin j 



Wl NDOWY*, w?n'-d6-e. a. Like a window ; hav- 
ing' little crossings. Donne. 

WFNDPIPE, whid'-plpe, or wind'-plpe. n.s. [wind 
and pipe.] The passage for the breath. Brown. 

WFNDSHOCK*, w?nd'-sh6k. n.s. [wind and shock.] 
A crack or other damage in the&bodyofa tree, 
supposed to be occasioned by high winds. Evelyn. 

WFNDTIGHT*, wlnd'-tlle. a. Fenced against 
winds. Bp. Hail. 

WFNDWARD, wind'-wfird. 88. ad. Towards the 
wind. * 

WFNDWARD*, wind'-wurd. a. Lying towards the 
wind. 

WINDWARD*, wlnd'-wurd. n.s. Point towards 
the wind. Toiler. 

WFNDY, win'-de. a. Consisting of wind. Shak. 
Next the wind. Shak. Empty; airy. Milton. Tem- 
pestuous; molested with wind. South. Puffy; flat- 
ulent. Arbuthnot. 

WINE$, wine. n.s. [pin, Sax.; vinn, Dutch.] The 
fermented juice of the grape. Proi\ xxiii. Prep- 
arations of vegetables by fermentation, called by 
the general name of wines, have quite different 
qualities from the plant ; for no fruit, taken crude, 
has the intoxicating quality of wine. Arbuthnot. 

WINGS, wing. 410. n.s. feehpin^, Sax. ; winge, 
Dan.] The limb of a bird bv which it flies. Sidney. 
A fan to winnow. Tusser. Flight; passage bv the 
wing. Shak. The motive or incitement of flight. 
Sliak. The side bodies of an army. Kilolles. Any 
side piece. Mortimer. Figuratively, protection : 
, but not always, in the plural. Ps. lxiii. 
To furnish with wings ; to 



To WIN 



wing. r. a 
enable to fly. Milton. To supply with side bodies. 
Shak. To transport by flight.' Shak. To exert 
the power of flying. Dry den. To wound a bird in 
the wing : a term among sportsmen. 

WINGED, wfng'-eU 362. a. Furnished with wings; 
flying. Milton. Swift ; rapid. Sliak. Fanned with 
wings; swarming with birds. Milton. 

WINGEDPEA', wSng^d-pe. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

WFNGFOOTED* wmg'-fflt-ed. a. Swift ; nimble; 
fleet, Drayton. 

WFNGLESS*, wing'-les. a. Not having wings; 
not able to ascend. Junius. 

WFNGSHELL, wing'-shell. n. s. The sheil that 
covers the wing of insects. Grew. 

WPNGY, wlng'-e. a. Having wings ; resembling 
wiogs. Addison. 

To WINKS, wingk. 408. v . n. [pmcian, Sax.; 
iwincken, Dutch.] To shut the eyes. Shak. To 
hint, or direct by the motion of the eyelids. Swift. 
To close and exclude the light. Dryden. To con- 
nive ; to seem not to see ; to tolerate. Whitgift. 
To be dim. Dry den. 

WINK, vvlngk. n. s. Act of closing the eye. Shak. 
A hint given by motion of the eye. Sidney. 

WINKER, wlngk'-ur. n.s. One who winks. Pcpe. 

WFNK1NGLY, wink'-ing-le. ad. With the eye al- 
most closed. Peacham. 

WFNNER, win'-nur, 98. n. s. One who wins. Spen- 
ser. 

WFNNING, win'-ning. 410. part. a. Attractive; 
charming. Milton-. 

WPNNING, win'-nlng. n. s. The sum won. Ad- 
dison. 

To WINNOW S. wV-n6. 327. v. a. [pinbpian, 
Sax. • ex anno, Lat.] To separate by means of the 
wind \ to part the grain from the chaff. Shak. To 
fan ; to beat as with wings. Milton. To sift ; to 
examine. Dryden. To separate; to part. Shak. 

To WI'NNOW, win'-n6. v. n. To part corn from 
chaff. Ecclus. v. 

WFNNOWER, wm'-n6-ur. 98. n. s. He who win- 
now? . 

WPNSOME*, wnV-sum. a. [pmpum, Sax.] Merry ; 
cheerful. 

WINTERS, wnV-tftr. 98. n.s. [pintep, Sax.; win- 
ter, Dai;., Germ., and Dutch.] The cold season of 
the year. Sidney. 

To VVFNTER, win'-tftr. v. n. To pass the winter. 
Isaiah, xviii. 



To WFNTER, win'-tftr. v. a. To feed or manage 

in the winter. Temple. 
WINTER is often used in composition. 
WFNTERBEATEN, win'-tfir-be-tn. a. Harassed 

by severe weather. Spenser. 
WFNTERCHERRY, win'-tur-tsher-re. n. s. A 

plant. Miller. 
WFNTERCITRON, win'-tur-sit-trun. 417. n. s. A 

sort ofpear. 
WFNTERGREEN, win'-tfir-green. n. s. A plant. 

Miller. 
WFNTERLY, win'-tur-le. a. Such as is suitable to 

winter; of a wintry kind. Shakspeare. 
WFNTRY, win'-tre. a. Brumal ; hyemal ; suitable 

to winter. Dryden. 
WFNY, wl'-ne. a. [from wine.] Having the taste 

or qualities of wine. Bacon. 
To WIPES, wipe. v.a. [pipan, Sax.] To cleanse 

by rubbing with something soft. Shak. To take 

away by tersion. Decay of Chr. Piety. To strike 

off gently. Shak. To clear away. Shak. To cheat : 

to defraud. Spenser. — To wipe out. To effaced 

Shakspeare. 
WIPE, wipe. n. s. An act of cleansing. A blow ; a 

stroke ; a jeer ; a gibe ; a sarcasm. Swift. A bird. 

Ainsicorth. 
WFPER, wl'-pfir. 98. n. s. An instrument or person 

by which any thing is wiped. B. Jonson. 
WIRES, wl'-ftr. n.s. [r-irer.Fv.; w/jr, Ice].; Wir, 

Sueth.] JVIetal di'awn into slender threads. Fair- 



fax.. 
Vo WPREI 



To WIREDRAW, wi'-ftr-draw. v.a. To spin into 
wire. To draw out into length. Arbuthnot. To 
draw by art or violence. Dri/den. 

WFREDRAWER, wi'-ftr-draw-ftr. n. s. One who 
spins wire. 

WFRY*. a. See Wikry. 

To WIS, wis. v. a. pret. and part. pass. wist, [pip- 
ran, Sax.; wissen, Germ. ; wysen, Dutch.] To think ; 
to imagine. Ob. J. 

WFSARD*. See Wizard. 

WFSDOM, wiz'-dum. 166. n. s. [pipbom ; Sax.; 
wiisdom, Daj'i.] Sapience ; the power of judging 
right!} ; the knowledge of divine and human things 
Hooker. Prudence ; skill in affairs; judicious con 
d uct . Shakspeare. 

WISE S, wise. a. [pi]*, Sax.; tciis, Dutch and Dan.] 
Sapient; judging rightly; having much knowl- 
edge. Milton, judicious; prudent; practically 
knowing. jSY. Matthew, xxv. Skilful ; dexterous. 
Exod. xxviii. Skilled in hidden arts : a sense 
somewhat ironical. Shak. Grave ; becoming a 
wise man. Milton. 

WISE, wlze. n.s. [pipe, Sax. ; imjse, Dutch; weke, 
Germ.] Manner; way of being or acting. This 
word, in the modern dialect, is often corrupted into 

. ways. Sidney. 

WFSEACRE, wke'-a-kor. 417. n. s. [weissager, 
Germ.] A wise, or sententious man. In this sense 
obsolete. Lelmd. A fool ; a dunce. Addison. 

WFSELING*, wlze'-ling. n.s. One pretending to be 
■wise: a word of contempt. Donne. 

WFSELY, wlze'-le. ad. Judiciously; prudently 
Milton. 

WFSENESS, wlze'-nes. n.s. Wisdom; sapience. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

To WISH S, wish. v. a. [pipcian, Sax.] To have 
strong desire; to long. Jonali, iv. To be disposed, 
or inclined. Addison. 

To WISH, wish. v.a. To desire; to long for. Sid- 
ney. To recommend by wishing. Shak. To im- 
precate. Shak. To ask. Clarendon. 

WISH, wish. n. s. Longing desire. Milton. Thing 
desired. Milton. Desire expressed. Shakspeare. 

WFSHEf )LY, wish'-gd-le. ad. According to desire. 

Knolles. Ob. J. 
WFSHEft, wish'-ftr. 98. n. s. One who longs. One 

who expresses wishes. Proverb. 
WFSHFUL, wish'-ful. a. Longing; showing de- 
sire, t'ihak. Desirable ; exciting wishes. Chapman. 
WI'SF.FULLY, wish'-ful-e. ad. Earnestly; with 
longing. Blair. 

1022 



WIT 



WIT 



-n<S, move, nor, nAt ;— tube, tftb, bull ;— 611 ;-— pdftnd ;— Min, THis. 



WISULY*, wish'-le. «rf. Willi longing j wishfully. 
Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. 

Wl SKET, wis -kot. ;*. s. A basket. Ainsworth. 

WISP, wisp. ?i.s. [wisp, Sued, and old Dutch.] A 
small bundle, as of hay or straw. Bacon. 

OCT This word is sometimes written and pronounced, im- 
properly, whisp. li', 

WIST, wist. Pret. and part, of tow. 

WISTFUL, wist'-liil. a. Attentive; earnest; full of 

thought. Gay. Earnest ; eager. Swift. 
WISTFULLY, wist'-fnl-je. ad. Altentively; ear- 

neatly. Hudibras. 
WI'STLY, wlsl'-le, ad Attentively; earnestly. 
wpeare. 



• ecu/ r. 

'1 b WIT, wit. D. ;/. [ r itan, Sax.] To know ; to be 
known: now only used in the phrase to toil; that 
is lo say. Spenser. 

WIT$, wit. tt. s. feeplfc, Sax.; icft, Icel.] The 
powers of the mind ; the mental faculties ; the in- 
tellects. Dryden. Imagination ; quickness of fan- 
cy. Locke. Sentiments produced by quickness of 
fancy, or by genius ; the effect of wit. Dry dm. A 
man of fancy. Dryden. A man of genius. Cow- 
ley. Sense; judgement. Daniel. Faculty of the 
mind. Sliak. [In the plural.] Soundness of under- 
standing; intellect not crazed ; sound mind. Slialc. 
Contrivance; stratagem; power of expedients; 
invention ; ingenuity. 

\VTTCH$, w'ftsh. v. s. [piece, Sax.] A woman 
given to unlawful arts. Bacon, [from pic, Sax.] 
A winding, sinuous bank. Spenser. 

To WITCH. w?tsh. v. a. To bewitch ; to enchant. 



WITCHCRAFT, witsh'-kraft. n. s. [witch and 
craft.'] The practices of witches. Bacon. Power 
more than natural. Sidney. 

WITCHELM*. wftsh'-elm. n. s. A kind of elm. 
Scott, 

WITCHERY, w?tsh'-ur-e. n. s. Enchantment. Ra- 
leigh. 

WITCRAFT, wlt'-krnft. n.s. [wit. and craft.] Con- 
trivance ; invention. Camden. Ob. J. 

WTTCRACKER, w?t'-krak-ur. n.s, [wit and crack- 
er.] A Joker ; one who breaks a jest. Slmkspeare. 

To WITE$, wke. v. a. [pi- an. Sax.] To blame ; to 
reproach. Spenser. 

WITE, wlte. ?i. s. Blame; reproach. Spenser. 

WITELESS*, wile'-Ies. a. Blameless. S}ienser. 

WITH*, w?th and with. 4-67. [See Forthwith.] 
prep. [pl'o\ Sax.] By. Noting the cause : as, tired 
with iteration. Sliak. Noting the means : as, cul- 
tivated with art. Dryden. Noting the instrument : 
as, with healthy wings. Rowe. On the side of; 
for ; noting confederacy or favour : as, Fear not, 
for I am with thee. Genesis. In opposition to ; in 
competition or contest : as, I do contest with thy 
love. Shale. Noting comparison : as, Can carbun- 
cles with her compare 1 Sandys. In society ; 
noting connexion : as, There is no living with thee. 
Tatler. In company of: as, He was with me. 
Sliak. In appendage ; noting consequence, or 
concomitance : as, a right to regal power, and with 
it to obedience. Locke. In mutual dealing : as, I 
will buy with you. Shale. Noting confidence : as, 
I trust you with all my secrets ; or, I trust all my 
secrets with you. In partnership. Pope. Noting 
connexion. Dryden. Immediately after : as. With 
that she told me. Sidney. Amongst : as, Interest 
is her name with men below. Dryden.. Upon : as, 
Such arguments had force witk those Pagans. Ad- 
dison. In consent : noting parity of state : as, 
With her they flourished. Pope. — With, in compo- 
sition, signifies opposition, or privation, except 
withal. Wilkins. 

WITHA'L, wiTH-alK. 406. ad. Along with the 'rest; 
likewise ; at the same time. Hooker. 

To WITHDRA'W, wh-H-draw'. v. a. [piS, or 
pi?>ep, Saxon, and draw.] To take back ; to be- 
reave. Hooker. To call aw ay 3 to make to retire. 
Broome. 

To WITHDRA'W, wfri t-draw'. v. n. To retire ; 
to retreat. Milion. 



WITHDRA'WER*, wI T H-draw'-fir. n.s. One who 
bereaves. Ouired. 

WITHDRA'WINGROOM, wlTH-draw'-tog-rAdm, 
n. ... Room behind another room for retirement 
Mortimer. 

WITHE, with, n. s. [piSitf, Sax.] A willow twig 
Bacon. A band, properly a band of twigs, [with- 
an, M. Goth.] Mortimer. 

OCT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Smith, and W. John- 
ston, give tho sharp sound of th in this word, as heard 
in frith; but Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry the flat one, 
heard in bathe .• The same distinction is observed in 
withy by those who have the word, as this must de- 
pend entirely on its simple. IV. 

To WITHER §, wiTH'-fir. v. n. [£epi3epob,Sax.] 
To fade ; to grow sapless ; to dry up. Hooker. To 
waste or pine away. Temple. To lose, or want 
animal moisture. Dryden. 

To WPTHER, wfTH'-ur, v. a. To make to fade. 
Ja. i. To make to shrink, decay, or wrinkle, fer 
want of animal moisture. Dn/den. 

WITHERBAND, wi T H'-ur-band. n. s. A piece 
of iron, which is laid under a saddle, about four 
jfingers above the horse's withers, to keep the two 
pieces of wood tight, that form the bow. Farrier's 
Diet. 

WITHEREDNESS, wf T H'-urd-nes. n. s. The state 
of being withered ; marcidity. Bp. Hall. 

WITHERS, wiTH'-firz. n. s. The joining of the 
shoulder bones at the bottom of the neck and mane, 
towards the upper part of the shoulder. Farrier's 
Diet. 

WPTHERWRUNG, w?TH'-fir-rung. m.*\ The hurt 
caused by a bite of a horse, or by a saddle being- 
unfit, especially when the<bows are too wide. Far- 
rier's. Diet. 

To WITHHOLD, w?TH-h6ld'. v. a. withheld, or 
withholden, pret. and part. To restrain; to keep 
from action ; to hold back. Spenser. To hinder j 
to obstruct. Hooker. To take awayj to refuse. 



WITHHO'LDEN, w?TH-h6l'-dn. part. pass, of with- 
hold. Spelman. 
WITHHO'LDER, wf T H-h6ld'-fir. n. s. One who 

withholds. Stephens. 
WITHPN, wIth-uV. prep. [piSmnan, Sax.} In the 
inner part of. Shak. In the compass of; not be- 
yond : used both of place and time. Bacon. Not 
reaching to any thing external. Locke. Not longer 
ago than. Shale. Into the reach of. Otway. In 
the reach of. Milton. Into the heart or confidence 
of. South. Not exceeding. Swift. In the enclosure 
of. Addison. 

WITHI'lN, w?TH-?n'. ad. In the inner parts; in- 
wardly; internally. Daniel. In the mind. Dryden-. 

WITHI'NSIDE, wlTH-W-slde. ad. In the interiour 
parls. Sharp. 

WITHO'UT, wiTH-Sut'. prep. [piSufcan, Sax.] 
Not with. Bp. Hall. In a state of absence from. 
Tatler. In the stale of not having. Bacon. Be- 
yond; not within the compass of. Burnet. Sup- 
posing the negation, or omission of. Addison. Noi 
by ; not by the use of; not by the help of. Bacon. 
On the outside of. Dryden. Not within Addison 
With exemption from. Davies. 

WITHO'UT, wiTH-6flt'. ad. Not on the inside 
Bacon. Out of doors. Wotton. Externally; no* 
in the mind. 

WITHO'UT, w?TH-6ut'. conjunct. Unless j if not' 
except. Sidney. 

WITHO'UTEN, wfrn-Sfit'-tn. prep. [piSufcan, 
Sax.] Without. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To WITHSTA'ND, wfrH-stand'. v.a. Togainstand j 
to oppose ; to resist. Sidney. 

WITHSTA'NDER, wfTH-sland'-fir. n. s. An op- 
ponent ; resisting power. Raleigh. 

WI'THWIND, wW-whid. n. s. An herb. 

WI'THY, wW-h. [See Withe.] n. s. [piSi^, Sax.] 
A willow-tree. Evelyn. 

WI'THY*, wlth'-h. a. Made of withes. P. Fletclvcr. 

WITLESS, wit'-l&s. a. Wanting understanding; 
inconsiderate; wanting thought. Spenser 



WOE 



WON 



(HP 659.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mgt ;— pme, pin ;- 



WFTLESSLY*, wltMes-le. ad. Inconsiderately; 
without understanding. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

WFTLESSNESS*, wit'-les-nes. n. s. Want of con- 
sideration. Sir E. Sandys. 

WITLING, wit'-llng. 410. n. s. A pretender to wit; 
a man of petty smartness. Addison. 

WI'TNESS*, wh'-nes. n.s. [pitnerre, Sax.] Tes 
timony ; attestation. St. John, v. One who give: 



timony ; attestation 
testimony. Gen. xxx 



,, ves 
With a witness. Effectu- 



ally; to a great degree, so as to leave some lasting 
mark or testimony behind : a low phrase. Wood- 
ward. 

To WFTNESS, wit'-nfe. bVa. To attest ; to tell with 
asseveration. Shakspeare. * 

To WI'TNESS, wlt'-nes. v. n. To bear testimony. 
Sidney. 

WI'TNESS, wlt'-ne's. interj. An exclamation signi- 
fying that person or thing may attest it. Milton. 

WFTNESSER*, wlt'-nes-sur. n. s. One who gives 
testimony. Martin. 

WITSNA'PPER, wit'-snap-pfir. n. s. One who af- 
fects repartee. Shakspeare. 

Wl'TTED, wit'-tSd. a. Having wit : as, a quick- 
witted boy. 

WI'TTICISM, wlt'-te-slzm. n. s. A mean attempt at 
wit, Dryden. 

WFTTILY, wit'-te-le. ad. Ingeniously; cunningly, 
artfully. Dryden. With flight of imagination 



WFTT1NESS, wft'-te-nes. n. s. The quality of be- 
ing wittv. B. Jonson. 

WFTTlNGLY,wh'-tlng-le.ad. [from witting, know- 
ing.] Knowingly; not ignorantly; with knowledge; 
by design. Hooker. 

WFTTOLS, wlt'-t6l. 166. n. s. [pifctol, Sax.] A 
man who knows the falsehood of his wife, and seems 
contented ; a tame cuckold. Sidney. ' 

WFTTOLLY, wit'-t61-e. a. Cuckoldly. Shakspeare 

WFTTY, wit'-te. a. Judicious ; ingenious ; inven- 
tive. Jiidith, xi. Full of imagination. Bacon. Sar- 
castick ; full of taunts. Addison. 

WFTWAL, wft'-wol. n. s. A bird. AinswoHh. 

WPTWORM, wlt'-worm. n. s. [wit and worm.] \ 
One that feeds on wit; a canker of wit. B. Jonson. ! 

To WIVES, wive. v. n. To marry; to take a wife. | 
Shakspeare. 

To WIVE, wive. v. a. To match to a wife. Sluik. | 
To take for a wife. Shakspeare. 

WFVEHOOD*. wlve'-hud. n. s. Behaviour becom- ! 
ing a wife. Spenser. 

WFVELESS*, wlve'-lSs. a. Without a wife ; un- 
married. Homily of Matrimony. 

WI'VELY, wlve'-le. a. Belonging to a wife. Sidney. 

WI'VER* or WFVERN*. n. s. A kind of heraklick 
dragon. Thynne. 

WIVES, wlvz. ?i. s. The plural of wife. Spenser. 

WFZARD, wlz'-ord. 88. n. s. [from wise : and 
should be written wisard.] A wise person ; a learned 
person. Spenser. A conjurer; a magician; an 
enchanter. Shakspeare. 

WFZARD*, wlz'-ord. a. Enchanting; charming; 
overpowering. Collins. Haunted by wizards. 
Milton. 

To WFZEN*, wiz'-zn. v. n. [pirman, Sax.] To 
wither ; to become dry : wizened, dried, withered, 
shrunk. 

WO§, j WQ tn. 5. [pa, Sax.; wai, M. Goth.; 
WOE*, ) ' ( ouai, Gr.l Grief; sorrow; misery; 
calamity. Shak. It is often used in denunciations, 
wo be ; or in exclamations of sorrow, wo is, ancient- 
ly wo wurth ; pa pupo", Sax. Sidney. A denun- 
ciation of calamity ; a curse. South. Wo seems 
in exclamation an adjective. Sliak. [Woe is the 

W>revailin^ orthography. Todd.] 
OAD, w6de. n. s. [pab, Sax.] A plant cultivated 
for the dyers, who use it for the foundation of 
many colours. Miller. 
WO'BEGONE,w6'-be-gon.a. Lost in wo; distracted 

in wo ; overwhelmed with sorrow. Shakspeare. 
WODE. a. Mad. See Wood. 
WOE*. See Wo. 
WOE worth thee. See To Worth. 



WO'FUL, w6 / -ful. a. Sorrowful; afflicted; mourn- 
ing. Sidney. Calamitous ; afflictive. Proverb. 
Wretched ; paltry ; sorry. Pope. 

WO'FULLY, wo'-ful-e. ad. Sorrowfully; mourn- 
fully. Wretchedly: in a sense of contempt. South. 

WO'FULNESS, w6'-ful-nes. n.s. Misery; calamity. 
Martin. 

WOLD, wild. n. s. Wold, whether singly or jointly, 
in the names of places, signifies a plain, open coun- 
try; from the Saxon polb, a plain and a place 
without wood. Gibson. A plain, open country; 
downs. Shak. Wold and wald with the Saxons 
signified a ruler or governour ; from whence Bert- 
ivold is a famous governour ; Ethelwold a noble 
governour ; HerwaUL, and by inversion tcaldher, a 
general of an army. Gibson. 

WOLFS, wulf. 16C. n. s. [palp. Sax.; wolf, Dutch.] 
A kind of wild dog that devours sheep : thence any 
thing ravenous or destructive. Shak. An eating 
ulcer. Brown. 

WO'LFDOG, w5IP-dog. n. s. A dog of a very large 
breed kept to guard sheep. Tickell. A dog sup- 
posed to be bred between a dog and wolf. 

WOLFISH, wulf-lsh. a. Resembling a wolf in 
qualities or form. Shalcspeare. 

WOLFSBANE, w&lfs'-bane. n. s. [wolf and bane.] 
A poisonous plant ; aconite. Miller, 

WOLFSMILK, wulfs'-milk. n. s. An herb. Aim- 
worth. 

WO'LVISH, wul'-vish. a. Resembling a wolf. Shak. 

WO'MAN $, wiW-fin. 88, 169. n. s. [pipman, t>im- 
man, Sax.] The female of the human race. Shak. 
A female attendant on a person of rank. Shak. 

To WO'MAN, wom'-on. v. a. To make pliant like 
a woman. Shakspeare. 

WO'MANED, wfinv-und. 359. a. Accompanied or 
united with a woman. Shakspeai-e. 

WO MANHATER, wum'-on-ha-tor. n. s. One that 
has an aversion to the female sex. Swift. 

WOMANHEAD, wum'-on-hed. ) n.s. The charac- 

WO'MANHOOD, wunV-un-hud. $ ter and collec- 
tive qualities of a woman. Spenser. Ob. J. 

WO'MANISH, wum'-on-ish. a. Suitable to a woman ; 
having the qualities of a woman; resembling a 
woman. Sidney. 

WCFMANISHLY*, wfinV-fin-lsh-le. ad. In a woman- 
ish manner. Comment, on Chancer. 

WO'MANISHNESS*, wum'-on-lsh-nSs. n. s. Stale 
or quality of being womanish. Hammond. 

To WOMANIZE, wom'-on-lze. v. a. To emascu- 
late ; to effeminate ; to soften. Sidney. Oh. J. 

WO'MANKIND, wom'-un-kylnd. n. s. The female 
sex; the race of women. Sidney. 

WO'MANLY, worn'-on-le. a. Becoming a woman; 
suiting a woman; feminine; not masculine. Sluik. 
Not childish; not girlish. Arbidhnot 

WO MANLY, worn'-on-le. ad. In the manner of a 
woman ; effeminately. Gascoigne. 

WOMB §, \\ o6m. 164, 347. 7i.s. [wemba, Goth. ; pamb, 
Sax. ; womb, lcehl The place of the foetus in the 
mother. Shak. The place whence any thing is 
produced. Milton. Any cavity. Addison. 
To WOMB, w6dm. v. a. To enclose ; to breed in 
secret. Shakspeare. 

WO'MBY,w66m'-e. a. Capacious. Sluik. Ob. J. 

WOMEN, wlm'-mln. Plural of woman. Milton. 

WON. won. The pret. and part. pass, of win. 
To WON §, won. i\ n. [ponian, punian, Sax. ; 
wonen, Germ.] To dwell ; to live ; to have abode. 
Spenser. 

WON, won. n. s. Dwelling ; habitation. Spenser. 

Ob. J. 
To WONDERS, wfin'-dor. 98. v. n. [punbpian, 
Sax. ; wonder, Dutch.] To be struck with admira- 
tion ; to be pleased or surprised so as to be aston- 
ished. Rev. xiii. To doubt : as, 1 wonder whether 
he will be here in time : a colloquial expression. 

WO'NDER, wftn'-diir. 98. n. s. [punbop, Sax.; 
wonder, Dutch.] Adrriir ation ; astonishment ; amaze- 
ment ; surprise caused by something unusual or un- 
expected. Shak. Cauise of wonder; a strange 
thing ; something more or greater than can be ex- 
1»924 



woo 



WOR 



-116, move, ndr, n6t;— tube, tub, bull;— 61I3— pdund;— tli\n, THis. 



peeled. Carcw. Any thing meiilioned with wonder. 
MMon. 
WO NDERER*, w&n'-diVur. n. s. One who won- 
ders. 
WONDERFUL, wan'-dur-ful. a. Admirable; 

strange; astonishing'. Job, xlii. 
WO'NDERFUL, wan'-dur-ful. ad. To a wonderful 

degree. 2 Chron. ii. 
WONDERFULLY, wun'-dur-ful-e. ad. In a won- 
derful manner ; to a wonderful degree. Bacon. 
WCNDERFULNESS* wftn -dur-ful-ngs. n. s. 
Stale or quality of being wonderful or amazing. 
Sidney. 
WONDERMENT, wiV-dur-ment. n. s. Astonish- 
ment ; ainazemeivt. Spenser. Wonderful appear- 
ance; wonderful relation. Dryden. 
WO 'NDEROUS, wfin'-dur-us. a. See Wondrous. 
WO'NDERSTRUCK, wun'-dar-struk. a. Amazed. 

Driiden. 
WONDER-WORKING, wfin'-dur-wurk-fng. a. 

Doing surprising thing's. Drayton. 
WO NDRODS, wun'-drus. 314. a. Admirable; mar- 
vellous; strange; surprising. Milton. In a strange 
degree. Raleigh. 
WO NDROUSLY, wun'-drus-le. ad. To a strange 

degree. Sluxk. In a strange manner. Chapman. 

To WONT, ) . ( v. n. [pret. and part, wont : 

To be WONT. £ want j punian, Sax. ; gewoonen, 

Dutch.] To be accustomed ; to use; to be used. 

Spenser. 

WONT£, wunt. n. s. Custom; habit; use. Sidney. 

Ob. j. y 

WO'N'T, w6nt. A contraction of would not ; used 
for will not. 

WO'NTED, wunt'-eU part. a. Accustomed; used; 
usuaJ : used both of persons and things. Spenser. 

WO'NTEDNESS, wunt'-ed-nes. n. s. State of be- 
ing accustomed to. King Charles. Ob. J. 

WO'NTLESS, wfint'-les. a. Unaccustomed; unusual. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

To WOO §, w66. 10. ». a. [apo£ob, Sax.] To court; 
to sue to for love. Sliak. To court solicitously ; to 
invite with importunity. Davies. 

To WOO, wod. v. n. To court; to make love. Dry- 
den. 

WOOD, wud. a. [wods, Goth.; pob, Sax.] Mad; 
furious ; raging. Tusser. 

WOOD y, wud. 307. n. s. [pube, Sax. ; woud, Dutch.] 
A large and thick collection of trees. Spenser. 
The substance of trees; timber. Boyle. 

SYOODANE'iMONE, wud-a-nem'-6-ne. n. s. A 
plant. 

WOO DBLND, wud'-blnd. ) n. s. [pubbinb, Sax.] 

WOO DBINE, wud'-bine. ] Honeysuckle. Shak- 
speare. 

WOODCOCK, wud'-kok. n. s. [pobucoc, Sax.] A 
bird of passage with a long bill. Shakspeare. 

WOODDRINK, wud'-dr?nk. n. s. Decoction or in- 
fusion of medicinal woods, as sassafras. Floyer. 

WOO'DED, wud'-ed. a. Supplied with wood. Cliap- 
man. 

WOO'DEN, wM'-dn. 103. a. Ligneous; made of 
wood; timber. Shak. Clumsy; awkward. Collier. 

WOO'DFRETTER, wud'-fret-tur. n. s. An insect; 
a wood-worm. Ainsworth. 

WOO'DGOD*, wud'-g6d. n. s. A pretended sylvan 
deity. Spenser. 

WOO;DHOLE, wfid'-h6le. n. s. Place where wood 
is laid up. Phillips. 

WOO/DIN ESS*, wud'-e-nes. n.s. The state of con- 
taining much wood. Evelyn. 

WOODLAND, wud'-land. n. s. Woods; ground 
covered with woods. Locke. 

WOODLAND*, wud'-land. a. Covered with woods ; 
belonging to woods. Driiden. 

WOO'DLARK, wud'-lark. n.s. A melodious sort 
of wild lark. Shenstone. 

WOO'DLOUSE, wud'-l6use. n.s. An insect; the 
milleped. Hill. 

WOO'DLY*, w&d'-le. ad. Madly. Huloet. 

WOO'DMAN, wfid'-man. 88. )n.s.A sportsman; a 

WOO'DSMAN* wudz'-man. C hunter. Sidney. 
129 



WOO'DMONGER,wud'-m&ng-gar. n.s. A wood- 
seller. Wotton. 
WOO'DNESS*, wud'-nes. n. s. Anger ; rage j mad- 
ness. Bp. Fisher. 
WOO DNIGHTSHADE, w&d'-nlte-shade. n. s. A 

plant. 
WOO'DNOTE, wud'-note. n. s. Wild musick. MiL- 

ton. 
WOO'DNYMPH, wfid'-nlmf. n. s. A fabled goddess 

of the woods. Mi/ton. 
WOODO'FFERING, wud' -of-fur-nig. n.s. Wood 

burnt on the altar. Neh. x. 
WOO'DPECK*, wud'-pek. ) n. s. A bird. 

WOODPECKER, w&d'-pek-kfir. \ Derham. 
WOO'DPIGEON, wud'-prd-jm. ) n. s. A wild 
WOO'DCULVER, wud'-kul-v&r. ] pigeon. Greg 

ory. 
WOO'DREVE*, wud'-reev n. s. [wood and reve.] 

One who has the care of woods. 
WOO' D ROOF, wud' -r66f. n.s. An herb.' Ainsicorth 
WOO'DSARE, wud'-sare. n. s. Froth found upon 

herbs, as lavender and sage. Bacon. 
WOO'DSERE, wud'-seer. n. s. [wood and sere.] 
The time when there is no sap in the tree. Tusser. 
Ob. J. 
WOO'DSORREL, wud'-sor-ril. n. s. A plant. Mil- 
ler, 
WOO'DWARD, wud'-ward. n.s. A forester j an 

overlooker of woods. Howell. 
WOO'DWORM, wud'-wurm. n. s. A worm bred in 

wood. 
WOODY, wud'-<k a. Abounding with wood. Milton. 
Ligneous ; consisting of wood. Grew. Relating 
to woods; svlvan. Spenser. 
WOO ER, w"66'-ur. 98. n. s. [po^epe, Sax.] One 
I who courts a woman. Chapman. 
! WOOF, w66f. n. s. [from wove.] The set of threads 
j that crosses the warp; the welt. Bacon. Texture; 
I cloth. Milton. 
I WOO'INGLY, w65'-ing-le. 410. ad. Pleasingly; so 

as to invite stay. Shakspeare. 
WOOL §, wul. 307. n.s. [pul. Sax. ; wollen, Dutch.] 
The fleece of sheep; that which is woven into 
cloth. Raleigh. Any short thick hair. Slutk- 
speare. 
WOO'LCOMBER* wul'-k6-mur. n. s. One whose 

business is to comb wool. Johnson. 
WOO'LFEL, wul'-fel. n. s. [wool and fell.] Skin not 

stripped of^he wool. Davies. 
WOO'LLEN, wul'-lin. 99, 192. a. Made of wool not 
finely dressed, and thence used likewise for any 
thing coarse : it is likewise used in general for 
made of wool, as distinct from linen. Bacon. 
WOO'LLEN, wul'-lin. n. s. Cloth made of wool 

Hudibras. 
WOO'LLINESS*, wul'-le-nes. n. s. State or quality 

of being woolly. 
WOO'LLY, wul'-le. a. Clothed with wool. Shak. 
Consisting of wool. Dryden. Resembling wool. 
Shakspeare. 
WOO'LPACK, wul'-pak. )n. s. [wool, pack, and 
WOO'LSACK, wul'-sak. \ sack, f A bag of wool ; 
a bundle of wool. Shenstone. The seat of the 
judges in the house of lords. Dryden. Any thing 
bulky without weight. Cleaveland. 
WOO'LSTAPLERt, wul'-sta-plfir. n.s. One who 
deals largely in wool ; ohe who buys wool, and 
sorts it, and then sells it to the clothiers. 
WOO'LWARD, wul'-wurd. ad. [wool and ward.] 

In wool. Harmar. Ob. J. 
WOOP, w66p. n. s. A bird. 
WOOS, w66s. n. s. Sea-weed. An herb. 
YVORD§, wflrd. n. s. [pc-pb, Sax.; woord, Dutch; 
waurd, M. Goth.] A single part of speech. Bacon. 
A short discourse. Shak. Talk ; discourse. Shak. 
Dispute ; verbal contention. Sluxk. Language ; 
oraf expression ; living speech. Shak. Promise. 
Heylin. Signal ; token ; order. Shak. Account; 
tidings; message. Prior. Declaration ; purpose 
expressed. Dryden. Affirmation. Decay of Chr. 
Piety. Scripture ; word of God. Whitgift. The 
second person of the ever-adorable Trinity : a 
1025 



WOR 



WOR 



OCT 559.— Fate, far, tall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin 



scripture term. Milton. A motto; a short sen- 
tence; a proverb. Spenser. 

To WORD, wurd. v. n. To dispute. V Estrange. 

To WORD, wurd. v. a. To express in proper words. 
Fell. To affect by many words ; to overpower by 
words. Howell. 

WO'RDCATCHER*, wurd'-katsh-fir. n. s. One 
who cavils at words. Pope. 

WO'RDER*, wurd'-ur. n. s. One who uses words ; 
a speaker. Whitloclc. 

WO'RDINESS*, wfird'-e-n^s. n. s. State or quality 
of abounding with words. Ash. 

WO'RDISH*, wurdMsh. a. Respecting words. Sid- 
ney. 

WO'RDISHNESS*, wurd'-lsh-ngs. n. s. Manner of 
wording or expression. Verses Pre/, to Digbij of 
Bodies. 

WO'RDLESS^wurd'-les. a. Silent; without words. 
Shakspeare. 

WO'RDY, wurd'-e. a. Verbose; full of words. Spec- 
tator. 

WORE, wire. The preterit of wear. Dryden. 

To WORKS, wurk. v. n. pret. ivorked. or wrcvgld. 
[peopcan, Sax.; werken, Dutch.] To labour; to 
travail ; to toil. Ex. v. To be in action; to be in 
motion. Dryden. To act ; to carry on operations. 
Milton. To operate as a manufacturer. Isaiah, 
xix. To ferment. Bacon. To operate ; to have 
effect. Rom. viii. To obtain by diligence. Shale. 
To act internally ; to operate as a purge, or other 
physick. Brown. To act as on a subject. Addi- 
son. To make way. Milton. To be tossed or 
agitated. Jonah, i. 

To WORK, wurk. v. a.' prefer, and participle pass. 
worked, or wrought. To labour; to manufacture; 
to form by labour. Raleigh. To bring by action 
into any state. Addison. To influence by succes- 
sive impulses. Bacon. To make by gradual labour, 
and continued violence. Milton. To produce by la- 
bour; to effect. % Cor. iv. To manage, in a state 
of motion; to put into motion. Arbuthnot. To put 
to labour; to exert. Addison. To embroider with a 
needle: as, She worked an apron. Spectator. — To 
work out. To effect by toil. Addison. To work 
out. To erase ; to efface. Dryden. To work up. 
To raise. Dryden. To expend in any work, as 
materials. 

WORK, w&rk. n.s. [peopc, Sax.; werk, Dutch.] 
Toil ; labour ; employment. Ecclus. xxxiii. A stale 
of labour. Temple. Bungling attempt. Stilling- 
Jleet. Flowers or embroidery of the needle. Spen- 
ser. Any fabrick or compages of art. Pope. Ac- 
tion; feat; deed. Hammond. Any thing made. 
Donne. Operation. Digby. Effect; consequence 
of agency. Milton. Management ; treatment. 
Slwk. — To set on work. To employ ; to engage. 
Hooker. 

WO'RKER, w&rk'-ur. n. s. Whoever or whatever 
works. 1 Kings, vii. 

WO'RKFELLOW, wfirk'-fel-lo. n. s. One engaged 
in the same work with another. Rom. xvi. 

WO'RKFOLK*, wurk'-f6ke. n.s. Persons employed 
in working. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

WORKHOUSE, w&rk'-hduse. )n.s. A 

WO'RKINGHOUSE, wtirk'-ing-h6use. S place in 
which any manufacture is carried on. Shak. 
A place where idlers and vagabonds are con- 
demned to labour. Atterbury. 

WO RKING*, wurk'-'ing. n. s. Motion ; operation. 
Shakspeare. Fermentation. Bacon. 

WO'RKINGDAY, w&rk'-lng-cla. n. s. Day on which 
labour is permitted ; not the sabbath : it therefore 
is taken for coarse and common. Shakspeare. 

WORKMAN, w&rk'-man. 88. n.s. An -artificer; a 
maker of any thing. Wisd. viii. 

WORKMANLIKE*, wurk'-man-like. a. Skilful ; 

well performed. Drayton. 
WO'RKMANLY, wfirk'-man-le. a. Skilful; well 

performed ; workmanlike. 
WO'RKMANLY, w&rk'-man-le. ad. Skilfully; in a 



manner becoming a workman. Tusser. 
WQ'RKMANSHIP, wurk'-man-shfp. n. 



Manu- 



facture; something made by any one. Spenser. 
The skill of a worker; the degree of skill discov- 
ered in any manufacture. Spenser. The art of 
working. VVoodward. 

WO'RKMASTER, wurk'-ma-stfir. n.s. The per- 
former of any work. Spenser. 

WO'RKSHOP*, wurk'-sh&p. n.s. The place where 
the workman carries on his work. Dr. Warton, 

WO'RKWOMAN, wurk'-wfim-un. n. s. A woman 
skilled in needlework. Spenser. A woman that 
works for hire. 

WORKYDAY, w&rk'-e-da. n. s. [corrupted from 
u-orkmgday.] A day not the sabbath. Slunk. 

WORLD §, wurld. 165. n.s. [poplb, Sax. ; wereld, 
Dutch.] The great collective idea of all bodies 
whatever. Locke. System of beings. Nicene Creed. 
The earth ; the terraqueous globe. Milton. Present 
state of existence. Shak. A secular life. Rogers. 
Publick life ; the publick. Shak. Business of life ; 
trouble of life. Shak. Great multitude. Shak. 
Mankind; an hyperbolical expression for many: 
all the world is a favourite phrase. Hooker. Course 
of life. Richardson. Universal empire. Milton. 
The manners of men ; the practice of life. Shak. 
Every thing that the world contains. Law. A large 
tract of country ; a wide compass of things. Cow- 
ley. A collection of wonders ; a wonder. Knolles. 
Time : a sense originally Saxon ; now only used 
in world without end. — In the world. In possibility. 
Addison. For all the world. Exactly : a ludicrous 
sense. Sidney. 

WG'RLDLINESS, wurld'-le-nes. n. s. Covetous- 
ness; addictedness to gain. 

WO'RLDLING, wurld'-ling. 410. n. s. A mortal set 
upon profit. Sidney. 

WORLDLY, wurld'-le. a. Secular ; relatingto this 
life, in contradistinction to the lile to come, Dryden. 
Bent upon this world; not attentive to a future 
stale. Milton. Human ; common ; belonging to 
the world. Hooker. 

WO'RLDLY, wurldMe. ad. With relation to the 
present life. Raleigh. 

WORM§, wdrm. 165. n.s. [pypm, Sax. ; worm, 
Dutch.] A small, harmless serpent that lives in the 
earth. Shak. A poisonous serpent. Shak. Ani- 
mal bred in the body. Harvey. The animal that 
spins silk. Shak. Grubs that gnaw wood and fur- 
niture. Shak. Something tormenting. Milton. 
Any thing vermiculaled, or turned round ; any 
thing spiral : as the threads of screws, when bigger 
than can be made in screw-plates. Moxon. A 
supposed membrane or ligament under the tongue 
of a dog. South. 

To WORM, worm. v. n. To work slowly, secretly, 
and gradually. Herbert. 

To WORM, wurm. v. a. To drive by slow and secret 
means, perhaps as by a screw. Swift. To deprive 
a dog of something, nobody knows what, under his 
tongue, which is said to prevent him, nobody knows 
why, from running mad. Mortimer. 

WO'RMEAT*, wurm'-eet. )a. Gnawed by 

WO'RMEATEN, wurnV-e-tn. $ worms. Shak 
Old ; worthless. Bp. Hall. 

WORMEA'TENNESS*, wurm-e'-tn-nes. n.s. Stale 
of being wormeaten ; rottenness. 

WO'RMWOOD, wurm'-wud. n. s. A plant. Miller. 

WOTtMY,wurm'-e.a.Fullofworms.)S/w/<;. Earthy; 
grovelling. Bp. Reynolds. 

WORN, worn. part. pass, of wear. — Worn out is 
quite consumed. Dryden. ■ 

WO'RNIL, wcV-n?l. n. s. Maggots generated in the 
backs of cows in the summer. Derfiam. 

WO RRIER*, w&r'-re-ur. n. s. One who worries or 
torments. Spenser. 

To WO'RRYS, wur'-re. 165. v. a. [popi#an, Sax.] 
To tear, or mangle, as a beast tears its prey. Shak. 
To harass, or persecute brutally. Milton. 

WORSEN, w&rse. 165. a. The comparative of bad, 
bad, worse, worst, [pipy, Sax. ; wairs, M. Goth.] 
More bad ; more ill. Daniel, i. 

WORSE, wfirse. ad. In a manner more bad. Shak 



speare. 



1026 



WOR 



WRA 






— ncS. m«Sve, n6r, n&t •,— tube, nib. bull j — oil ;— - pdfind ;— thin, nii 



The WORSE, wflrse. n. s. Tlw loss; not the advan- 
tage; not the better. 2 Kings jriv. Something 
less good. Richardson. 

To WORSE, wfirse. r. a. To pat to disadvantage. 

Mi/Ion. 

To WO RSEN-. wSr'-sn. v. a. To worse. Milton. 

WCRSER, wftr -sftr. a. A barbarous word, formed 
by corrupting worse with the usual comparative 
termination. Shakspeare. 

WO RSH1P£, w5r -ship. ». s. [peopoYcype, Sax.] 
Dignity; eminence: excellence. Spenser. A char- 
acter of honour. Shak. A title of honour. Shak. 
A term of ironical respect. Pope. Adoration; re- 
ligious act of reverence. Pearson. Honour; re- 
spect ; civil deference. St. Luke, xiv. Idolatry of 
lovers ; submissive respect. Shakspeare. 

To WORSHIP, war -ship. v. a. To adore ; to hon- 
our or venerate with religious rites. Exod. xxxiv. 
To respect ; to honour ; to treat with civil rever- 
ence. Shak. To honour with amorous respect. 
Careic. 

To WORSHIP, wiV-shlp. v. n. To perform acts 
of adoration. 1 Kings, xii. 

WO RSHIPFUL, wiV-sh?p-ful. a. Claiming respect 
by any character or dignity. South. A term of 
ironical respect. Shakspeare. 

WO RSH1PFULLY, wiV-ship-ful-e. ad. Respect- 
full v. Shakspeare. 

WORSHIPPER, wtii-'-shfp-pur. 7*.s. Adorer; one 
that worships. South. . 

WORST, wfirst. 165. C. [the superlative of bad, 
formed from worse : bad, worse, worst.] Most bad ; 
most ill. Locke. 

WORST, wurst. n. s. The most calamitous or wick- 
ed state; the utmost height or degree of any thing 
ill. Digby. 

To WORST, wurst. v. a. To defeat ; to overthrow. 
Suckling. 

WORSTED, wurs'-ffd. 99,169.71. s. [from Worsted, 
a town in Norfolk, famous for the woollen manufac- 
ture.] Woollen yarn ; wool spun. Pope.. 

WORT, wart. 165. n.s. [pypfc,peopfc, Sax.; worte, 
Dut.] Originally a general name for an herb; 
whence it still continues in many, as liverwort, 
spleenwort. A plant of the cabbage kind. Beau- 
mont and Fletclier. [pypt, Sax.] New beer, 
either unfermenled, or in the act of fermentation. 
Bacon. 

To WORTH, or WURTH, wfirf/i. v. a. To betide ; 
to happen to. This word was formerly common in 
conjunction with ivo ; as, wo worth tJiee, i. e. wo 
be to thee. Spenser. 

WORTH, in the termination of the names of places, 
comes from popft, a court or farm, or popSi^, 
a street or road. Gibson. 

WORTH §, wfirt/i. 165, 467. n. s. [peopo\ Sax.] 
Price; value. Hooker. Excellence; virtue. Sid- 
ney. Importance ; valuable quality. Hooker. 

WORTH, wfirt/i. a. Equal in price to ; equal in 
value to. ShoJc. Deserving of, either in a good or 
bad sense. Equal in possessions to. Shakspeare. 

WO'RTHILY, w&r'-THe-le. ad. Suitably ; not be- 
low the rate of. Ray. Deservedly ; according to 
merit. Milton. Justly; not without cause. Hooker. 

WO'RTHINESS^ur'-THe-nes. n.s. Desert; mer- 
it. Hooker. Excellence; dignity; virtue. Sidney. 
State of being worthy ; quality of deserving. Sidney. 

WORTHLESS, w&rt/i'-les. a. Having no virtues, 
dignity, or excellence. Shak. Having no value. 
Prior. 

WORTHLESSNESS, w6rt/iM§s-nes. n. s. Want of 
excellence; want of dignity ; want of value. More. 

WORTHY, wur'-THe. a. Deserving ; such as mer- 
its. Sidney. Valuable; noble; illustrious; hav- 
ing excellence or dignity. Hooker. Having worth ; 
having virtue. Shak. Not good : a term of ironi- 
cal commendation. Dnjden. Suitable for any quali- 
ty, good or bad; equal in value; equal in dignity. 
Milton. Suitable to any thing bad. Sfozkspeare. 
Deserving of ill. Deui. xxv. 
WORTHY, w&r'-THe. n. s. A man laudable for any 
>eminent quality, particularly for valour. Brown. 



To W'O'RTHY, wiV-THe. v.a. To render worthy; 

to aggrandize; to exalt. Shakspeare. Ob. J. 
To WOT, wot. ) v. n. [pat,' from pitan, Sax., 
To WQTE*, wote. ) whence weet, of which the pret 

exit was not.] To know; to be aware. St>enser 

Ob. J. 
$£p- Mr. Elphinston is singular in pronouncing this word 

[icot] so as to rhyme it with hut ; Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 

Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, rhyme 

it with not. W. 

WOULD, wfld. 320. The preterit of will. It is gen 
erally used as an auxiliary verb with an infinitive, 
to which it gives the force of the subjunctive mood. 
Ray. Was or am resolved ; 1 wish or wished to ; 
I am or was willing. Sidney. It is a familiar term 
for wish to do, or to hare. Shak. Should wish 
Waller. It is used in old authors for should. Bacon 
It has the signification of I wish, or I pray. Shak. 

WOU'LDINGjWudMng. n.s. Motion of desire; dis- 
position to any thing ; propension; inclination; 
incipient purpose. Hammond. 

WOUNDS wOond, orwottnd. 315.[w6und,orw66nd, 
Jones; woond, Fulton and Knight. ~\ n.s. [pund,Sax. ; 
wonde, Dutch ; wunda, M. Goth.] A hurt given by 
violence. Sluikspeare. 

05= The first pronunciation of this word, though general- 
ly received among the polite world, is certainly a capri- 
cious novelty : a novelty either generated by false criti- 
cism, to distinguish it from the preterit of the verb to 
wind, of which there was not the least danger of inter- 
ference, (see Bowl;) or more probably from an affecta- 
tion of the French sound of tnis diphthong, which, as in 
pour, and some other words, we find of late to have pre- 
vailed. The stage is in possession of this sound, and what 
Swift observes of newspapers, with respect to the intro- 
duction of new and fantastical words, may be applied 
to the stage, with respect to new and fantastical modes 
of pronunciation. (See Sigh.) That the other pronun- 
ciation was the established sound of this word, appears 
from the poets, who rhyme it with bound, found, ground, 
and around ; and it is still so among the great bulk of 
speakers, who learn this sound at school, and are 
obliged to unlearn it again when they come into the 
conversation of the polite world. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Scott, and Mr. Elphinston, adopt the first sound of this 
word ; but Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston the second : 
Mr. Perry gives both, but prefers the first ; and though 
Mr. Smith, in his vocabulary, has classed it with sound 
and/ow/irf, he says woond is the common pronunciation. 
I am, however, of Mr. Nares' opinion, who says this 
pronunciation ought to be entirely banished. But 
where is the man bold enough to risk the imputation 
of vulgarity by such an expulsion ! W. 

To WOUND, w65nd, or w6&nd. v.a. To hurt by 

violence. Deui. xxxii. 
WOUND, w6und. The preterit and part. pass, of 

wind. Chapman. 
WOU'NDER, woond'-ur, or wSund''-ur. n. s. One 

that wounds. 
WOU'NDLESS, woSndMes. a. Exempt from 

wounds. Spenser. 
WOUNDWORT, woond'-wurt. n. s. A plant 

Miller. 
WOU'NDY. a. Excessive : a low, bad word 

U Estrange. 
WOVE, wove. The preterit and part. pass, of weave 

Milton. 
WO'VEN, w6'-vn. 103. The part. pass, of weave. 

Shakspeare. 
WOX, w&ks. I The preterit of wax. Became. 
WOXE, w6ks. S Spenser. Ob. J. 
WO'XEN, w&k'-sn. The participle of To wax. 

Spenser. Ob. J. 
WRACK §, rak. n.s. [wrack, Dutch ; ppaecce, Sax. 

See Wreck.] Destruction of a ship by winds or 

rocks. Dry den. Ruin; destruction. Sidney. 
To WRACK, rak. 474. v. a. To destroy in the water; 

to wreck. It seems in Milton to mean to rock, to 

shake. Milton. To torture ; to torment : common- 
ly written rack. Cowley. 
WRA'CKFUL*, rak'-ful. a. Ruinous; destructive. 

Dim/ton. 
WRAITH*, rkth. n.s. [perhaps a corruption of 

suwth or swairth.~\ The apparition of a person 



_ 



WRE 



WRI 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mSt ;— pine, pin ;- 



about to die, as pretended in parts of the north. 
Grose. 
To WRA'NGLEy, rang'-gl. 405. v. re. {wrung, 
wrangen, Teut.] To dispute peevishly ; to quarrel 
perversely ; to altercate ; to squabble. Shakspeare. 
WRA'NGLE, rang'-gl. 71. s. A quarrel} a perverse 

dispute. Swift. 
WRANGLER, rang'-gl-ur. re. s. A perverse, peev- 
ish, disputalive man. Shakspeare. 
To WRAP, rap. 474. v. a. pret. and part. pass. 
wrapped or wrapt, [wrqffla, Dan.] To roll together ; 
> to complicate. St. John, xx. To involve; to 
cover with something" rolled or thrown round. 
Dryden. To comprise ; to contain. Addison. — To 
wrap up. To involve totally. Sliak. [often cor- 
ruptly written for rap or rape, from rapio, Lat.] To 
snatch up miraculously. Locke. To transport; to 
put in ecstasy : for rapt. Cowley. 
55= This word is often pronounced rop, rhyming with 
top, even by speakers much above the vulgar. They 
have a confused idea, that a preceding 10 makes the a 
broad, and do not attend to the intervening r, which 
bears the power of the w, and necessarily preserves 
the a in its short Italian sound. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. 
Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Mr. 
Smith, pronounce it as 1 have done. TV. 

VVRATPER, rap'-pur. 98. re. s. One that wraps. 

That in which any thing is wrapped. Addison. 
WRA'PPING* rap 7 -ping. n. s. That in which any 

thing is wrapped. Bp. Rainbow. 
WRATH y, rbth, or rkh. 474. [rath, Jones, Fulton 

and Knight.'] re, s. [ppa$. Sax.] Anger; fury; 

rage. 2 Cor. xii. 

$5= The first pronunciation of this word is by far the 
more usual, but the last is more analogical. The 10 
has no power over the a, for the same reason as in the 
preceding word. A want of attending to this, and, per- 
haps, confounding this word with the obsolete adjec- 
tive wroth, are the reasons of the m .'esent currency of 
this erroneous pronunciation. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith, 
adopt the first sound ; and Mr. Perry alone the last ; 
but, in a case where analogy is so ciea*, his authority 
ought, in my opinion, to outweigh them all. W. 

WRATHFUL, vbth'-M, or vith'-fU. a. Angry; 

furious ; raging. Spenser. 
WRATHFULLY, ro^-ful-le, or ra^'-ful-le. ad. 

Furiously; passionately. Shakspeare. 
" ESS, roth'-lh, or rkh'-lh. 



a. Free from 



WRA'THLESS; 

anger. Waller. 

To WRAWL*. niwl. t>. n. To cry as a cat. Spenser. 

To WREAK §, reke. r. a. old preterit and part, 
pass, wroke and wroken ; now loreaked. [ppsecan, 
Sax.; wrecken, Dutch ; recken. Germ.] To revenge. 
Spenser. To execute any violent design. Milton. 
It is corruptly written for reck, to heed ; to care. 
Shakspeare. 

ft^r The diphthong in this word has the sound I have 
given it, in Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, 
Perry, Smith, and Barclay. W. 

WREAK, reke. 474. re. s. Revenge; vengeance. 
Spenser. Passion; furious lit. Titus Andronicus. 
Ob. J. 

WRE'AKFUL, reke'-ful. a. Revengeful; angry: 
not in use. Shakspeare. 

WREATH y, rtth, or reTHe. 467. re. s. [ppeoo 1 , 
Sax.] Any thing curled or twisted. Bacon. A 
garland; a chap let. Shakspeare. 

try I have placed what I think the best usual mode of 
pronouncing this word first, because I think it so much 
more agreeable to analogy than the second. Nouns 
and verbs spelled alike, and ending with a hissing con- 
sonant, seem, throughout the whole language, to be dis- 
tinguished from each other by the former giving the 
sharp, and the latter the flat sound to the consonant. 
See Principles, No. 437, 467, 499. W. 
To WREATH, reTHe, u, a. pret. wreathed ; part, 
pass, wreathed, wreathen, [ppi<5an, Sax.] To curl; 
to twist; to convolve. Sliak. Used for to writhe. 
Gay. To interweave ; to entwine one in another. 
Exod. xxviii. To encircle, as a garland. Prior. 
To encircle as with a garland 5 to dress in a gar- 
land. Dryden. 



To WREATH, reTHe. v. re. To be interwoven ; to 
be intertwined. Dryden. 

WRE ATHY, re'-THe. a. Spiral ; curled; twisted. 
Brown. Covered with a wreath. Dryden. 

WRECKS, rek. 474. [See Shipwreck.] ns. 
[ppsecce, Sax.; wracke, Dutch.] Destruction by 
being driven on rocks or shallows at sea; destruc- 
tion by sea. Spenser. Dissolution by violence. 
Milton. Ruin ; destruction. Shak. The thing 
wrecked : as, The ship was considered as a wreck. 
Shak. Dead, undigested stems of grasses and 
weeds in a ploughed land. Grose. 

9^p Mr. Sheridan alone has given the sound of a to the e 
in this word ; Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, 
Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce it as I have 
done. W. 

To WRECK, rek. v. a. To destroy by dashing on 
rocks or sands. Spenser. To ruin. Daniel. Used 
for wreak, in its different senses of revenge and ex- 
ecute. Shakspeare. 
To WRECK, rek. v. re. To suffer wreck. Milton. 
WRE'CKFUL* rek'-niU. Causing wreck. Spenser. 
WREN,ren. 474. re. s. [ppewia, Sax,] A small bird. 

Brown. 
To WRENCH §, rensh. v. a. [pjiinftan, Sax.; 
wrengen, Dutch ; raunch, old Engl.] To pull by 
violence ; to wrest ; to force. Sliak. To sprain ; 
to distort. Shakspeare. 
WRENCH, rensh. 474. re. s. A violent pull or twist. 
A sprain. Locke. Wrenches, in Chaucer, signifies 
means, sleights, sublilties. Bacon. 
To WREST y, rest. v. a. [ppsertan, Sax.] To twist 
by violence ; to extort by wrrthing or force. As- 
cham. To distort ; to writhe ; to force. Hooker. 
To wind ; to screw : applied to the turning of in- 
struments. Skelton. 
WREST, re'st. 474. re. s. Distortion ; violence. Hooker. 
an active or moving power. Spenser. An instru- 
ment to tune. Laneham. 
WRE'STER, reV-tur. n. s. One who wrests ; one 

who uses a wrest. Skelton.. 
To WRE'STLE y, reV-sl. 472. v. re. To contend who 
shall throw the other down. Sliak. To struggle ; 
to contend. Clarendon. 
To WRE'STLE* res'-sl. v. a. To overcome in 

wrestling. Spenser. 
WRE'STLER, res'-lur. 98. re. s. One who wrestles ; 
one who professes the athletick art. Denham. One 
who contends in wrestling. Waller. 
WRETCH y, retsh. re. s. [pnecca, pp*ec, Sax.] A 
miserable mortal. Shak. A worthless, sorry crea- 
ture. Sidney. It is used by way of slight, or ironi- 
cal pity, or contempt. Drayton. It is sometimes a 
word of tenderness, as we now say poor thing. Sid- 
ney. 
WRETCHED, retsh'-ed. 366. a. Miserable; unhap- 
py. Hooker. Calamitous; afflictive. Sorry; piti- 
ful; paltry; worthless. Hooker. Despicable; hate- 
fully contemptible; Sidney. 
WRETCHEDLY, retsh'-ed-le. ad. Miserably ; un- 
happily. Clarendon. Meanly ; despicably. South. 
WRETCHEDNESS, reW-od-nes. re. s. Misery; 
unhappiness; afflicted state. Sidney. Pitifulnes*s ; 
despicableness. 
WRETCHLESS, relsh'-les. a. [for reckless.] 

Careless; mindless; heedless. Hammond. 
WRETCHLESSNESS, retshMes-nes. n. s. Care- 
lessness. 39 Art. ofRel. 
To WRIG*, r?g. v. a. To move to and fro ; to rub ; 

to shake ; to put into quick motion. Skelton. 
To WRFGGLE y. rlg'-gl. 405. v. re. [ppi^an, Sax. ; 
ruggelen, Dutch.] To move to and. fro with short 
motions. Tusser. 
To WRFGGLE, rlg'-gl. 474. v. a. To put in a quick 
reciprocating motion ; to introduce by shifting mo- 
tion. Hudibras. 
WRFGGLE, rfg'-gl. a. Pliant; flexible ; moving to 

and fro. Spenser. 
WRIGHT, rite. 293, 474. re. s. [ppihta, pyjihfca, 
Sax.] A workman; an artificer; a maker; a manu- 
facturer. Chapman. 
To WRING y, ring. v. a. preter. and part, pass 
1028 



WRI 



WRY 



— no, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ;— fill ; — pdfind ; — thin, THis. 



tvringed and toning, [pp.in£an. Sax.] To twist; to 
turn round with violence. Lev, i. To force by con- 
tortion. Judges, vi. To squeeze ; to press. Sliak. 
To writhe. Shak. To pinch. Bacon. To force 
by violence; to extort. S/»a£. To harass; to dis- 
tress; lo torture. Shak. To distort; to turn to a 
wrong purpose. Ascham. To persecute with ex- 
tortion. Hat/ward. 
To WRING, ring. 474. v. n. To writhe with anguish. 

Shakspeare. 
WRING*, ring-. 7i. s. Action of anguish. Bp. Hall. 
WRl NGER, rlng'-ur. 98. n. s. "One who squeezes 

the water out of clothes. Shakspeare. 
WW'NKLE§,r?ngk'-kl.405. n.s. [ppmcle, Sax.; 
wrinkel, Dutch.] Corrugation or furrow of the skin 
or the face. Sfiak. Rumple of cloth. Any rough- 
ness. 
To WRI'NKLE, rlngk'-kl. v. a. [ppinchan, Sax.] 
To corrugate ; to contract into furrows. Shak. To 
make rough or uneven. Milton. 
WRISTS rist. 474. n.*. [pyjij-fc, Sax.] The joint 

by which the hand is joined to the arm. Brown. 
WRISTBAND, rist'-band. n. s. The fastening of 

the shirt at the hand. Beaumont and Fletcher. 
WRIT, rlt. 474. n. s. Any thing written ; scripture : 
this sense is now chiefly used in speaking of the 
Bible. Hooker. A judicial process, by which any 
one is summoned as* an offender. Prior. A legal 
instrument. Shakspeare. 
WRIT, lit. The preterit of write. Prior. 
WRFTATFVE, ri'-la-tiv. a. Disposed to write. Pope. 
To WRITE $, rile. v. a. pret. writ, or wrote ; part, 
pass, written, writ, or v)rote. [pjiiran, appitan, 
Sax. ; rita, Icel. ; writs, Goth.] To express by 
means of letters. Shak. To engrave ; to impress. 
Locke. To produce as an author. Granville. To 
tell by letter. Prior. 
To WRITE, rite. 474. v. n. To perform the act of 
writing. Shak. To play the author. Shak. To 
tell in books. Shak. To send letters. 1 Esdr. To 
call one's self; to be entitled ; to use the style of. 
Ayliffe. To compose ; to form compositions. Wal- 
ler. 
WRI'TER, rl'-l&r. 98. n. s. One who practises the 

art of wri ting. An author. Bacon. 
To WRITHES, rlTHe. 467. v. a. [ppiSan, Sax.] 
To distort; to deform with distortion. Shak. To 1 
twist with violence. Milton. To wrest; to force 
by violence ; to torture ; to distort. Hooker. To 
twist. Dryden. 
To WRITHE, tIthc v. n. To be convolved with 

agony cr torture. Addison. 
To WRFTHLE, Hth'-thI. v, a. [from writhe.-] To 

wrinkle; to corrugate. P. Fletcher. Oh. J. 
WRFTING, rl'-ung. 410. n. s. A legal instrument : 
as, the writings of an estate. Selter. A compo- 
sure ; a book. Hooker. A written paper of any 
kind. Shakspeare. 
WRFT1NGMASTER, rl'-lmg-ma'-stur. n. s. One 
who teaches to write. Dryden. 



WRITTEN, rlt'-tn. 103. The participle passive 

of write. Holder. 

WRFZZLED*, rfz'-zld. a. [perhaps a corruption of 
writhle.] Wrinkled. Spenser. 

WRO'KEN, ro'-kn. The part. pass, of To wreak. 
Spenser. 

WRONGS, long. n. s. [ppan£, Sax.] An injury ; a 
designed or known detriment; not right; not jus- 
tice. Sidney. Errour; not right; not truth. Ros- 
rommon. 

WRONG, rong. 474. a. Not morally rignt; not just ; 
not agreeable to propriety or truth; not true. Sid- 
ney. Not physically right; unfit; unsuitable. Rich- 
ardson. Acting improperly. Young. 

WRONG, rong. ad. Not rightly ; amiss Eccl. iv. 

To WRONG, rong. v. a. To injure; to use unjustly, 
either by doing injury, or imputing evil without 
justice. Hooker. 

WRONGDOER, rong'-doo-ur. n. s. An injurious 
person. Sidney. 

WRO'NGER, rdng'-fir. 98, 409. ». 5. He that in- 
jures ; he that does wrong. Raleigh. 

WRO'NGFUL, r&ng'-ful. a. Injurious; unjust. Bp. 
Taylor. 

WRO'NGFULLY, rong'-ful-e. ad. Unjustly. Sidney. 

WRO NGHEAD. rong'-heU ) a. [wrong and 

| WRONGHE'ADED, rong-hed'-M. \ head.] Hav- 
ing a perverse understanding. Pope. 

WRO'NGLESSLY, rdngMes-le. ad. Without inju- 
ry to anv. Sidney. 
J WRO'NGLY, r&ng'-le. ad. Unjustly; amiss. Shalt. 

WRO'NGNESS*, rong'-nes. n. s. Wrong disposition. 
Butler. 

WROTE, r6te. pret. and part, of write. Written h 
now generally used for the participle. Soidh. 

WROTH, roth. a. [ppgeft, Sax.] Angry. Gen. iv. 

WROUGHT, rawt.«819, 393. [pnohfc, Sax. The 
pret. and part. pass, as it seems, of icork.] Effect- 
ed; performed. St. Matt. xxvi. Influenced; pre- 
vailed on. Shak. Produced ; caused. Mi/ton. 
Worked; laboured. Bar. iii. Gained ; attained. 
Sluxk. Operated. Milton. Used in labour. Dent. 
xxi. Worked ; driven. Bacon. Actuated. Dry- 
den. Manufactured. Raleigh. Formed. 2 Cor. v. 
Excited by degrees ; produced by degrees. Chap- 
man. Guided ; managed. Milton. Agitated ; dis- 
turbed. Shakspeare. 

WRUNG, rung. The pret. and part, passive of 
wring. Chapman. 

WRY?, ri. 474. a. [from writhe.] Crooked ; deviat- 
ing from the right direction. Sidrmj. Distorted, 
Arbuthnol. ' Wrung ; perverted ; wrested. Atter- 
bury. 

To WRY, ri. v. n. To be contorted and writhed ; to 
deviate from the right direction. Shakspeare. 

To WRY, ri. ?). a. To make to deviate ; to distort. 
Robinson. 

WRYNECK, rl'-nek. n. s. A bird. Rev. G. White. 

WRY'NESS*, rl'-nSs. n. s. Slate of being wry j de- 
viation from the right way. W. Mountague. 



XEB 



XER 



XIs a letter, which, though found in Saxon words, 
begins no word in the English language. Dr. 
Johnson. — An attempt has lately been made to 
introduce, from the French, the last of three or four 
words [those marked thus *] : two seem to have been 
once received ; and the sea term is yet in use. Todd. 

$£p It may be observed, that in words from the Greek, 
where x is initial, it is always pronounced like z. For j 
the true pronunciation of this letter, when medial or 
final in English words, see Principles, No. 476. W. 

X*. The numeral letter for ten. 

XE'BEC* ze'-bek. n. s. [a sea term.] A small three- 1 
masted vessel, navigated in the Mediterranean. | 
Chambers. II 



XENO'DOCHY* ze-n^d'-o-ke. n. s. [&o6o X ia.] 
Reception of strangers; hospitality. Cockeram. 

XEROCOLLYRlUP.lt, ze-r6-k6l-tiV-re-um. n. s. 
A dry plaster for sore eyes. 

XERODES f, ze-ro'-dez. n. s. Any tumour attended 
with dryness. 

XEROMIRUMf, zer-o-mi'-rum. 503. n.s. A dry- 
ing ointment. 

XEROFHAGY*, ze-r6f -a-je. 518. n. s. {xerophagie, 
Fi\; bpfc and ipdyu), Gr.] Dry food; subsistence 
on drv victuals. Christian Antiq. Ind. Hccret. 

XERO'PHTHALMYt, ze-r&p'-tfzal-me. n.s. A dry, 
red soreness or itching in the eyes, without any 
dropping - or swelling. 
1029 



■■■ 



XIP 



XYS 



O 3 559.— Fite, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



XEROTES f, ze-nV-tez. 503. n. s. A dry habit or 
disposition of body. 

XIPHIAS f, z?f'-e-as. n. s. The sword fish ; also a 
comet shaped like a sword. 

XIPHOIDESt,ze-lo<V-dez. n.s. The pointed, sword- 
like cartilage or gristle of the breast bone. 



XYLOBALSAMUMf, zl-l6-bal'-sa-mum. n. s. The 

wood of the balsam-tree. 
XYLOGRAPHY*, zil-Sg'-ra-fe. n. s. [&\ v and 

ypd(bo).] The art of engraving on wood. 
XYSTER t, zls'-tur. n. s. A surgeon's instrument to 

scrape and shave bones with. 



YEA 



YEL 



YAt the beginning of words, is commonly taken, 
^ though perhaps erroneously, for a consonant ; 
at the end, and when it follows a consonant, it is a 
vowel, and has the sound oft. It is used at the 
end of words, and whenever two i i's would come 
together ; and in words derived from the Greek, to 
•express the u. Y was much used by the Saxons, 
whence y is found for i in the old English writers. 
Y is, in old English, sometimes prefixed as an in- 
creasing syllable to preterits and passive participles 
of verbs. It seems borrowed from ge, the Saxon 
augmentum of the preterit. 180, 482. 
YACHT, yot. 356. n. s. [a Dutch word.] A small 

ship for carrying passengers. Cook's Voyage. 
J)5= This word is pronounced as I have marked it by 
Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Mr. 
Nares, and Mr. Smith; Dr. Kenrick pronounces it yat, 
rhyming it with hat ; and Mr. Barclay yaut, rhyming 
with nought. W. 
YAM*, yam. n. s. A root that grows in America and 

the South Sea islands. Cook's Voyage. 
To YAP*, yap. v. n. [a contraction of yelp.] To 

bark. ISEstrange. 
YARD, yard. 78. n. s. [£eapb, Sax.] Enclosed 
ground adjoining to a hotse. Brown, [^epb, 
Sax.] A measure of three feet. Bacon. The sup- 
ports of the sails. Dry den. 
YA'RDLAND*, yard'-land. n. s. [yard and land.] A 
"quantity of land, various, according to the place : 
as, at Wimbledon in Surrey it is but fifteen acres; 
in other counties, twenty; in some, twenty-four; in 
some, thirty; andjn others, forty acres. Cowel. 
YA'RDWAND, yard'-w&nd. n. s. A measure of a 

yard. Collier. 
YARE, yare. a. [j'eappe, Sax.] Ready; dexterous; 

nimble ; eager. SJiakspeare. 
YARELY, \lre , -\k<uL Dexterously; skilfully. Shak. 
To YARK* See To Yerk. 
YARN, yarn. 78. n. s. [£eapn, Sax.] Spun wool ; 

woollen thread. Shakspeare. 
To YARR, yar. v. n. [from the sound.] To growl, 

or snarl like a dog. Ainsworth. 
YA'RRO W, yar'-ro. 81. n. s. A plant. Drayton. 
YATE*. n. s. feeafc, Sax.] Still our northern word 

for gale; pronounced yet, or yat. Spenser. 
YAW*, yaw. n. s. The unsteady motion which a ship 
makes in a great swell, when, in steering, she in- 
dines to the right or left of her course. Gifford. 
YAWL, or YAUL*, yawl. 219. n. s. A little vessel 
belonging to ? ship, for convenience of passing to 
and from it. Drumnwnd. 
To YAWL*, yawl. v. n. See To Yell. To cry 

out. Fairfax. 
To YAWN §, yawn. 219. v. n. feeonan, Sax.] To 
gape ; to oscitate ; to have the mouth opened invol- 
untarily by fumes, as in sleepiness. Shak. To open 
wide. Shak. To express desire by yawning. 
Hooker. 
YAWN, yawn. n. s. Oscitation. Pope. Gape; hiatus. 

Addison. 
YA'WNING, yawn'-mg. 410. a. Sleepy; slumber- 
ing. Shakspeare. 
YCLA'D, e-klad'. part, for clad. Clothed. Shak. 
YCLETED, e-klept'. [clepan, Sax.] Called; term- 
ed ; named. Milton. 
YDRA'D, e-drad'. part. pass, of To dread. Spenser. 
YE, yh. The nominative plural of thou. 
YEA, ye. 227. jya, Jones; ya or ye, Fulton and 
Knight] ad. [ea, or £ea, Sax.] Yes. A par- 
ticle of affirmation -, meaning, It is so, or, Is it so 1 



Gen. iii. A particle by which the sense is intended 
or enforced : not only so, but more than so. Shale. 

95= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Smith, 
and* Mr. Fry, pronounce this word so as to rhyme with 
nay, pay, &c. But Steele or Brightland, Dr. Jones who 
wrote The New Art of Spelling in Queen Anne's time, 
Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry, pronounce it like the pre- 
noun ye. Though so many are against me, I do not 
hesitate to pronounce the latter mode the best ; first, as 
it is more agreeable to the general sound of the diph- 
thong; next, as it is more related to its familiar substi- 
tute yes ; arid, lastly, unless my memory greatly fails 
me, because it is always so pronounced when contrast- 
ed with nay ; as in that precept of the Gospel, " Let 
your communication be yea, yea, and nayfnay." W. 

To YEAD, or YEDE, y^ed. v. n. preterit yode. 
[fteob, Sax.] To go ; to march. Spenser. Ob. J. 

To YEAN, yene. 227. v.n. [£anian, Sax.] To bring 
young. Dry den. 

YE'ANED*, yeend. part. a. Brought forth as a lamb. 
Fletcher. 

YE'ANLING, yene'-lfng. 410. n.s. The young of 
sheep. Shakspeare. 

YEAR$, y^re. 227. n.s. [£eap, Sax.] Twelve 
months, or three hundred sixty-five days. Watts. 
It is often used plurally, without a plural termina- 
tion. Shak. Tin the plural.] Old age. Bacon. 

YE'ARED*, yeerd. a. Containing years ; number- 
ing years. B. Jonson. 

YE'ARBOOK*, yere'-b6&k. n. s. Law reports pub- 
lished annually. Blackstone. 

YE'ARLING, yere'-lmg. 410. a. Being a year old. 
Pope. 

YE'ARLY, yere'-le. a. Annual; happening every 
year; lasting a year. Shakspeare. 

YE'ARLY, yere'-le. ad. Annually; once a year. 
Dry den. 

To YEARN §, yern. 234. v. n. feypnan, £eopman, 
Sax.] To (eel great internal uneasiness : it implies 
tenderness or pity. Spenser. 

To YEARN, yern. v. a. To grieve ; to vex. Shak. 

YE'ARNFUL*, yern'-ful. a. Mournful. Damon and 
Pythias Ob. T. 

YE'ARNING*. yeW-mg. n. s. Act or state of being 
moved with pit} 7 or tenderness. Calamy. 

YEAST. SeeYEST. 

YELK, yelk. n. s. [ftealepe, Sax.] The yellow part 
of the egg : commonly pronounced and often written 
yolk. Bacon. 

§Cf It is commonly pronounced, says Johnson, and often 
written, yolk. To which we may add, that, when the 
word is so written, the I is silent, and the word pro- 
nounced yoke. But Johnson seems justly to have pre- 
ferred the former mode of writing and pronouncing this 
word, as more agreeable both to etymology and the best 
usage. W. 

To YELL §, yell. v. n. [Syllan, Sax. ; yla, Su. Goth, 
and Icel. ; h\au), Gr. ; ululo, Lat.] To cry out with 
horrour and agony. Spenser. 

To YELL*, yM. v. a. To utler with a yell. Shak. 

YELL, y£ll. n. s. A cry of horrour. SJiakspeare. 

YE'LLOW§,yel'-l6. a. [£ealep, Sax.] Being of a 
bright, glaring colour, as gold. Milton. 

§£f=- Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Jones, and 
Mr. Fry, pronounce this word as if written yallow, 
rhyming with tallow. But Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston,. 
Mr. Smith, and Mr. Perry, preserve the e in its pure 
sound, and rhyme the word with mellow. The latter 
mode is, in my opinion, clearly the best, both as more 
agreeable to analogy, and the best usage ; for I am 
much deceived if the former pronunciation do not bor- 
der closely on the vulgar. W. 
1030 



YES 



YEX 



-ihS. move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — fill ; — pSAnd ; — thm, THis. 



YELLOW*, ycT-lo. n.s. Yellow colour. Newton. 
7\> YE'LLOW*, vol -16. v. a. To render yellow. 

Shakspeare. 
To YE'LLOW*, yel'-l6. v. n. To grow yellow. 

YIvLLOWHOY, yeT-16-bfie. n.s. A gold ccin : a 
very low word. Arbuthnot. 

FE'LLOWGOLDS* yel Md-goldz. n. s. A flower. 
/>. Jonson. 

VE'LLOWHAMMER, yel'-lfi-ham-miir. n. s. A 
bird. 

YELLOWISH, yeT-16-ish. a. Approaching to yel- 
low. Woodward. 

YE LlOWISHNESS, yel'-lo-ish-nes. n. s. The 
quality of approaching to vellow. Boi/le. 

YE'LLOWNESS, yeP-16-nes. n.s. The quality of 
being yellow. Bacon. Jealousy. Shakspeare. 

YELLOWS. yel'-loze. n. s. A disease in horses. 
Farrier's Diet. 

To YELP, yelp. v. n. [£ealpan. Sax.] To bark as 
a beagle-hound after his prey. Fulke. 

YEOMAN v\. yfi -man. 260. n. 5. [gumr, Goth, j £u- 
ma, Sax.] A man of a small estate in land 5 a far- 
mer j gentleman farmer. Locke. A kind of title 
given to soldiers 5 whence we have still yeomen of 
the guard. Spenser. It was probably a freeholder 
not advanced to the rank of a gentleman. Shale. 
It seems to have had likewise the notion of a gen- 
tleman servant. Spenser. 

§Cr Junius gives us a great variety of derivations of this 
word, but seems most to approve of that from gaeman 
in the old Frisick, signifying a countryman or villager; 
and this word is derived farther by Junius from the Greek 
yaia, yalrj, yfj, which, he tells us, does not only signify 
the earth in general, but any great portion of land. 
Skinner says it may be derived from the Anglo-Saxon 
gemane, or the Teutonick gemein, a common man, or 
one of the commonalty; or from eoiocman, a shepherd; 
from goodman, an appellation given to inferiour people ; 
from gemana, a companion ; from geongman, a young 
man ; from jeman, an ordinary man, or any body, like 
the Spanish hidalgo ; but he prefers its derivation from 
the Anglo-Saxon guma, a painful or laborious man. 

But, however widely etymologists are divided in the deri- 
vation of this word, orthoepists are not less different 
in their pronunciation of it. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, 
Mr. Coote, (author of the Elements of Grammar,) 
Steele's Grammar, (published in Queen Anne's time,) 
Mr. Barclay, Mr. Smith, and Buchanan, pronounce it 
with the diphthong short, as if written ySviman ; Dr. 
Kenrick pronounces it as if written ijumman; Mr. El- 
phinston (who quotes Langham, the famous reformer 
of orthography in Queen Elizabeth's time, for the same 
pronunciation) sounds the co like ss ; and Dr. Jones, 
the author of The JVcw Art of Spelling, in Queen Anne's 
time, pronounces it in the same manner. To which 
we may add Ben Jonson, who says, that yeoman, people, 
and jeopardy, were truer written yeman, peple, jepardy. 
But W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Enticlc, and Fry, [also 
Jones, Fulton and Knight,] pronounce the eo like long 
open 0, as if written yoman: and this last appears to 
me to be the most received pronunciation. It is that 
which we constantly hear applied to the king's body 
guard, and it is that which has always been the pro- 
nunciation on the stage; an authority which, in this 
case, may not, perhaps, improperly be called the best 
echo of the publick voice. I well remember hearing 
Mr. Garrick pronounce the word in this manner, in a 
speech in King Lear: " Tell me, fellow, is a madman a 
gentleman, or a yoman 7" W. 

YEO MANLY* yo'-man-le. a. Of or belonging to a 
yeoman. B. Jonson. 

YEO'MANRY, yi'-man-re. 260. n. s. The collective 
body of yeomen. Bacon. 

To Y£RK$. yerk. v. a. [probably of the same as 
jerk.] To throw out or move with a spring. A 
leaping horse is said to yerk, when he flings and 
kicks with his whole hind quarters. Farrier's Diet. 
To lash ; to strike ; to beat. Spenser. 

To YERK*, yerk. v. n. To move as with jerks. 
Beaumont and Fletcher. 

YERK, yerk. n. $. A quick motion. 

To YERN, yern. v. a. See Ykarn. 

YES, yls. 101. ad. [#ire, Sax.] A term of affirma- 
tion ; the affirmative particle opposed to no. More. 



It is a word of enforcement : even so ; not only so 
but more. Bacon. 

#Cf This word is worn into a somewhat slenderer soon* 
than what is authorized by the orthography ; but e an« 
i are frequently interchangeable, and few changes caa 
be bettor established than this. W. Johnston anJ Mr 
Perry are the only orthoepists, who give the sound of 
the vowels, that do not mark this change ; but Mr. Sher 
idan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smithy 
and Dr. Jones, in his JVew Art of Spelling, confirm this" 
change, and rhyme it with hiss, miss, bliss, &c. — See 
Been and Despatch. W. 

YEST §, vest. n. s. [$ert, Sax.] The foam, spnme r 
or flower of beer in fermentation ; barm. Hudi- 
bras. The spume on troubled water ; foam 5 froth. 
Shakspeare. 

33= Dr. Johnson has very properly spelled this word yest y 
from the Saxon gest, and not yeast, as we sometimes 
see it ; and this spelling decides its pronunciation. Dr. 
Jones spells it yeast, and gives the diphthong its long 
sound ; Mr. Nares pronounces the word in the same 
manner, but spells it yest ; Dr. Kenrick spells it yest, 
but rhymes it with mist ; Mr. Barclay pronounces it 
yeest ; Mr. Perry writes it yeast and y$st ; but Mr. Sher- 
idan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Smith, write it as Dr. Johnson 
has done, and pronounce it as I have done ; and, 1 think, 
not only more agreeable to analogy, which forbids us tr> 
pronounce the e long, when followed by st in the same 
syllable, (see Lest ;) but, if I mistake not, more conso- 
nant to polite usage. The vulgar do not only pro- 
nounce the diphthong long, but sink the y, and reduce 
the word to east. W. 

YE'STER$, yes'-lur. a. [Serfce;pn % ^ertpan r 
Sax. ; hesternus, Lat. ; heslern, old Engl.J Being 
next before the present day. It is not often used 
but in composition with another word, as day or 
night. Dryden. 

YESTERDAY, yes'-tur-da. n. s. [^ej-fcjianbae^ 
Sax.] The day last past j the day next before to- 
day. Job, viii. 

95°* Though yes, from its continual use, is allowably 
worn into the somewhat easier sound of yis, there is no> 
reason why yesterday should adopt the same change ; 
and, though I cannot pronounce this change vulgar, 
since Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. 
Scott, have adopted it, I do not hesitate to pronounce 
the regular sound, given by W. Johnston, as the more 
correct and agreeable to the best usage. W. 

YE'STERDAY, yeV-tur-da. ad. On the day last 
past. Bacon. 

YE'STERNIGHT, yes'-tur-nhe. n. s. The night be- 
fore this night. 

YE'STERNIGHT, yeV-tur-nlte. ad. On the night 
last past. Shakspeare. 

YE'STY, yes'-te. a. [y ri^, Sax.] Frothy ; spumy ; 
foamy. Shakspeare. 

YET. yk. conjunct. [£yfc, £efc, £efca, Sax.] Nev- 
ertheless; notwithstanding; however. Daniel. 

fcj= The e in this word is frequently changed by incorrect 
speakers into i ; but, though this change is agreeable to 
the best and most established usage in the word yes, in 
yet it is the mark of incorrectness and vulgarity. 

Dr. Kenrick is the only orthoepist who gives any counte- 
nance to this incorrectness, by admitting it as a second 
pronunciation; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. John- 
ston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, give the regular sound 
only. W. 

YET §, yh.. ad. Beside ; over and above. Atterbury. 
Still ; the staie still remaining the same. Addison. 
Once again. Pope. At this time 5 so soon ; hither- 
to : with a negative before it. Bacon. At least; at 
all. Baker. It denotes continuance and extension, 
ereater or smaller : as, a little longer, yet a little 
longer. Dryden. Still ; in a new degree : as, yet 
blacker. L' Estrange. Even ; after all : a kind of 
emphatical addition to a negative. Whitgift. 
Hitherto : sometimes with as before it. Hooker. 

YE'VEN, hr given. Spenser. 

YEW$, yfifi. n. s. [ip, Sax. ; yw, Welsh.] A tree of 
tough wood, used for bows, and planted in church- 
yards. Miller. 

YE'WEN, yod'-n. a. Made of the wood of yew. 
Spenser. 

YEX§, yeks. n. s. [hick, hickse. Belg. 5 5eocrun$, 
Sax.] The hiccough. Holland. 
1031 



■BOM 



YOU 



YUX 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin 



To YEX. yeks. v. n. To have the hiccough. Hu- 

loet. 
YFERE, e-fere'. ad. [yjrepe, Sax.] Together. 

Spenser. 
To YIELDS, yeeld. 275. v. a. [^elban, Sax.] To 
produce ; to give ;n return for cultivation or labour. 
Gen. iv. To produce in general. Job, xxiv. To 
afford ; to exhiuit. Sidney. To give as claimed of 
right. Milton. To allow ; to concede. Hammond. 
To permit ; to grant. Dryden. To emit ; to expire. 
Gen. xlix. To resign; "to give up. Sidney. To 
surrender. Knolles. 

To YIELD, yeeld. v. n. To give up the contest ; to 
submit. Daniel. To comply with any person, or 
motive power. Hooker. To comply with things 
required or enforced. Bacon. To concede ; to ad- 
mit ; to allow; not to deny. Hakewill. To give 
place as inferiour in excellence or any other quali- 
ty. Dm den. 

YIE'LDABLENESS*, yeeld'-arbl-nes. n. s. Dispo- 
sition to concede or comply with. Bp. Hall. 

YIE'LDANCE*, yeeld'-anse. n. s. Act of producing. 
Bp. Hall. Act of complying with : concession. 
Bp^Hall. Vy * 

YIE'LDER, yeeld'-ur. n. s. One who yields. Shak. 

YIELDING*, yeeld'-lng. n. s. Act of giving up ; 
submission. Slxakspeare. 

YIE LDINGLY*, yeeld'-lng-le. od. With compli- 
ance. Warner. 

YIE'LDINGNESS* yeeld'-lng-nes. n.s. Disposition 
to give up any point. Ld. Halifax. Quality of 
yielding. Paley. 

YOKES, yoke, n, s. [£eoc. Sax. ;jock, Dutch.] The 
bandage placed on the neck of draught oxen. 
Numb. xix. A mark of servitude ; slavery. Shak. 
A chain ; a link ; a bond. Dryden. A couple ; 
two ; a pair : it is used in the plural with the singu- 
lar termination. Shakspeare. 

To YOKE, y6ke. v. a. To bind by a yoke to a car- 
riage. Dryden. To join or couple with another. 
Sliakspeare. To enslave ; to subdue. Shakspeare. 
To restrain ; to confine. Bacon. 

To YOKE*, y6ke. v.n. To be joined together. Mih 
ton. 

YOKE-ELM. voke'-elm. n. s. A tree. Ainsicorf.h. 

YOKEFELLOW, y6ke'-fel-l6. > n. s. Companion 

YO'KEMATE, y6ke'-mate. S in labour. Shak.. 
Mate; fellow; commonly partner in marriage. 
Hudibras. 

YOLD. for yielded. Spenser. Obsolete. 

YOLK', y6ke. n. s. See Yelk. The yellow part of 
an egg. Ray. 

To YOLP*. See To Yelp. 

YON, yon. ^ a. [£eonb, Sax.] Being 

YOND, \6nd. > at a distance within 

YO'NDER, yon'-dfir. 98. ) view. Bacon. 

Jt5= There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word in Lon- 
don, as if written yandcr. This cannot be too carefully 
avoided. W. 

YON, yon. ~) ad. At a distance within 

YOND, yond. >■ view: it is used when we 

YO'NDER, yon'-dar.) direct the eye from an- 
other thing to the object. Shakspeare. 
YOND, yond. a. Mad ; furious : perhaps transported 
with rage ; under alienation of mind : in which 
sense it concurs with the rest. Spenser. 
YORE, or of Yore. y6re. ad. [^eo^apa, Sax.] 
Long. Spenser. Of old time ; long ago Dray- 
ton. 
YOU, yS6. 8, 315. pron. [eop, lub.Sax. ; of £e, ye.] 
The oblique case of ye. Eph. iii. It is used in the 
nominative in common language, when the address 
is to persons ; and, though first introduced by cor- 
ruption, is now established. Dryden. It is the cer- 
emonial word for the second person singular, and 
is always used, except in solemn language. Prior. 
It is used indefinitively, as the French on; any 
one } whosoever. Addison. You is used in the sub- 



sequent members of a sentence, as distinguished 
from ye. Pope. 

YOUNGS, yung. a. [ion£, yeon#, Sax.; Jong, 
Dutch.] Being in the first part of life ; not old : used 
of animal life. Careio. Ignorant ; weak. Shuk. 
It is sometimes applied to vegetable life : as, young 
trees. Bacon. 

YOUNG, yung. 314. n. s. The offspring of animals 
collectivelv. Shakspeare. 

YOUNGISH, yung'-Jsh. 381. a. Somewhat young. 
Tatler. 

YOUNGLING, yang'-llng. 410. n. s. [yeon^lm^, 
Sax.] Anv creature in the first part of life. Spenser. 

YOU'NGLY*, yung'-le. a. Youthful. Gower. 

YOU'NGLY, yung'-le. 381. ad. Early in life. Shak. 
Ignorantly ; weakly. 

YOU'NGSTER, vung'-st&r. ) n. s. A young per- 

YOU'NKER ; yungk'-ur. 98. \ son : in contempt. 
Shakspeare. 

YOUNGTH, yungth. n.s. Youth. Spenser. Ob. J. 

YOUR, y66r. pronoun, [eopep, Sax.] Belonging to 
you : it is used properly when we speak to more 
than one, and ceremoniously and customarily when 
to only one. SJiak. Your is used in an indeter- 
minate sense : as, among your antiquaries. Felton. 
Yours is used when the substantive goes before or 
is understood : as, This is your book, This book is 
yours. Shaks]icare. 

Q^J= This word is nearly under the same predicament as 
the pronoun my. When the emphasis is upon this 
word, it is always pronounced full and open, like the 
noun ewer .- as, " The moment I had read your letter I 
sat down to write mine ,•" but when it is not emphati- 
cal, it generally sinks into yur, exactly like the last syl- 
lable oflaw-yer .- as, " I had just answered yur first tet- 
ter as yur last arrived." Here, if we were to say, " I 
had just answered your first letter as your last anived," 
with your sounded full and open like ewer, as in tho 
former sentence, every delicate ear would be offended. 
This obscure sound of the possessive pronoun your al- 
ways takes place when it is used to signify any species 
of persons or things in an indeterminate sense. Thus 
Addison, speaking of those metaphors which profes- 
sional men most commonly fall into, says, " Your men 
of business usually have recourse to such instances as 
are too mean and familiar." — Spectator, No. 421. W. 

YOURSE'LF, yur-selP. n.s. You, even you ; ye, not 
others. Shak. In the oblique cases it has the sense 
of reciprocation, or reference to the same subject 
mentioned before : as, You love only yourself : You 
have betrayed yourselves by your rashness. Laic. 
It is sometimes reciprocal in the nominative : as, Be 
but yourselves. Pope. 

JtjT The pronunciation of your in this word is a confir- 
mation of the observations on the foregoing word. W. 

YOUTHS, yM&. n. s. [yeo£u8, Sax.l The part of 
life succeeding to childhood and adolescence ; the 
time from fourteen to twenty-eight. Raleigh. A 
young man. Shakspeare. Young men : collective- 
ly. B. Jcnson. 

YOU'THFUL, y6S/V-ful. a. Young. Shak. Suit- 
able to the first part of life. Milton. Vigorous as in 
youth. Bentley. 

YOU'THFULLY, yodtfi'-ful-e. ad. In a youthful 
manner. 

YOU'THLY, y63tfiMe. a. Young; early in life. 
Spenser. Ob. J. 

YOU'THY, yofo/j'-e. 381. a. Young; youthful. Spec- 
tator. 

YPI'GHT. part, [y and piglvt, from pitch.] Fixed.. 
Spenser. 

To YUCK, yok. v. n. [jeucken, Dut.] To itch. 
Grose. 

YULE, yule. n. s. [jid, Su. Goth. ; j?de, Dan. ; joL 
Icel.; Seol, Sax.] A word adopted, and formerly 
much in use, for the times of Christmas and Lam 
mas. Hammond. 

YUX, yfiks. n. s. [yeox, Sax. See Yex.] The hic- 
cough. 

1032 



ZJ 


2N 










ZOO 


—116, 


move 


nor, n&t ; 


—tube, 


tub, bull ; 


-611; 


— pdund ; — th\n, thjs. 



Is found in Uie Saxon alphabets, set down by 
grammarians, but is road in no word originally 



Teutonick : its sound is uniformly that of a hard 
No word of English original begins with z. 
55= For the true name of this letter, see Principles, No. 
4^3. w. 

ZA'FFAR,; z * r _ f ft r U.s. A mass made of the 

ZA'FFIR, \ ' ( calx of cobalt powdered 

fine, mixed with three times its weight of powdered 
flints : this from its hardness has been mistaken for 
a native mineral. Hill. 

ZA 'NY$. za'-ne. n. s. \zoumi, Ital.] One employed 
to raise laughter by his gestures, actions, and 
speeches ; a merry-andrew ; a buffoon. Shak. 

7\-> ZA'NY*, za'-ne. v. a. To mimick. Beaumont and 
Fletcher. 

ZA'RNICH, zar'-nlk. n. s. A substance in which or- 
piment is found. Hill. 

ZEA*, ze-.n.s. A kind of corn. Chambers. 

ZEAL$, zele. n. s. [£jAoj, Gr. ; zelus, Lat.] Passion- 
ate ardour for any person or cause. Hooker. 

To ZEAL*, zele. v. n. To entertain zeal. Bacon. 
Ob. T. 

ZEALED*, zeeld. a. Filled with zeal. Fuller. 
Ob. T. 

ZEA'LLESS*, zele'-les. a. Wanting zeal. Ham- 
mond. 

ZEALOT, zeT-fit, or ze'-lut. 235. n.s. [zeloteur, 
Fr. 5 Harris, Gr.] One passionately ardent in any 
cause : generaljy used in dispraise." White. 

^j" There are few words better confirmed by authority in 
their departure from the sound of their simple than 
this and zealous. Dr. Ash and Bailey are the only 
lexicographers, who (if we may judge by the posi- 
tion of the accent) give the long sound to this word, as 
in zeal ; and even these give the short sound tozealous. 
Dr. Kenrick gives both sounds to both words, but pre- 
fers the short sound by placing it first; but Mr.Elphin- 
ston, Mr. Sheridan, Air. Nares, Mr. Smith, Mr. Perry, 
Barclay, and Entick, give both these words the short 
sound. As the word zealous may either come from the 
Latin zelus, or rather zelosus, or be a formative of our 
own from zeaZ,as villanous, libellous, <fcc, from villain, 
libel, &c, analogy might very allowably be pleaded for 
the long sound of the diphthong; and, if custom were 
less decided, I should certainly give my vote for it; but, 
as propriety of pronunciation may be called a compound 
ratio of usage and analogy, the short sound must in this 
case be called the proper one. — See Knowledge, and 
Principles, No. 515. W. 

ZEA LOTRY*, zel'-ut-re. n. s. Behaviour of a zealot. 
Bp. Taylor. 

ZEA'LOUS, zel'-fts, or ze'-lfis. a. Ardently passion- 
ate in any cause. Bp. Taylor. 

ZEA' LOUS LY, zel'-fis le, or ze'-lus-le. ad. With 
passionate ardour. Milton. 

ZEA'LOUSNESS. zel'-fls-nes, or ze'-lfis-nes, n.s. 
The quality of being zealous. 

ZE'BRA*, ze'-bra. n. s. An Indian ass, naturally 
striped. Haickesworth. 

ZE'CHIN, tshe-keen'. n. s. [from Zecha, a place in 
Venice where the mint is settled for coinage.] A 
j;r>ld coin worth about nine shillings sterling. 

ZED. zed, or iz'-zurd. n.s. The name of the letter z. 
Sfiakspeare. 

{£/= For the proper name of this letter, see Principles, 
No. 483. W. 

ZEDOARY, zed 7 -6-a-re. n.s. [zedoaire, Fr.] A spi- 
cy plant, somewhat like ginger in its leaves, but of 
a sweet scent. Bp. Hall. 

ZENITH, ze'-nfe/i. n.s. [Arabick.] The point over 
head opposite to the nadir. Brown. 

55" I never once called in doubt the pronunciation of this 
word, till I was told that mathematicians generally 
made the first syllable short. Upon consulting our or- 
thoepists, I find all who have the word, and who give 
the .jjintity of the vowels, make the e long, except En- 
tick. Ti;us Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Buchanan, W. 
Johnston, and Perry, pronounce it long; and, if this ma- 
jority were not 90 great and so respectable, the analogy 
19U 



Principles, 



of words of this form ought, to decide.- 

No. 544.— See Clef and Construe. W. 

ZEPHYR, zef-fer. 543. )n. s. [zephyrus, Lat.l 

ZE'PHYRUS, zef'-fer-us. \ The west wind j and, 

poetically, any calm, soft wind. Milton. 
ZEST§, zest. n. s. The peel of an orange squeezed 

into wine. A relish ; a taste added. Young. 
To ZEST, zest. v. a. To heighten by an additional 

relish. 
ZETE'TICK, ze-tet'-ik. 509. a. [from frrw.] Pro 

ceeding by inquiry. 
ZEU'GMA, zug'-ma. 92. n. s. [from fyfiypa.'] A 
figure in grammar, when a verb agreeing with di- 
vers nouns, or an adjective with divers subslan- 
tives, is referred to one expressly, and to the other 
by supplement ; as, Lust overcame shame, boldness 
fear, and madness reason. 
ZIG-ZAG $>*, z?g'-zag. n. s. A line with sharp and 

quick turns. Pope. 
ZIG-ZAG*, z?g'-zag. a. Having sharp and quick 

turns. Graves. 
To ZIG-ZAG*, zfg'-zag. v. a. To form into sharp 

and quick turns. Warton. 
ZINC*, zingk. 408. n. s. A semi-metal of a brilliant 

white colour approaching to blue. Cronstadt. 
ZO'CLE, z<V-kl. n. s. [In architecture.] A small sort 
of stand or pedestal, being a low, square piece or 
member, serving to support a busto, statue, or the 
like, that needs to be raised ; also a low, square 
member, serving to support a column, instead of a 
pedestal, base, or plinth. Diet. 
ZODI'ACAL* zo-dt'-a-kal. a. Relating to the zodi- 
ac k. Brown. 
ZO'DIACKS, zfV-de-ak, or zc-'-je-ak. 293, 294, 376. 
n. s. [zodiaque, Fr. ; faSiaKos, Gr.] The track of the 
sun through the twelve signs ; a great circle of the 
sphere, containing the twelve signs. Bentley. It is 
used by Milton for a girdle. 
ZONE §, z6ne. n. s. [£wvr/, Gr. ; zona, Lat.] A girdle. 
Milton. A division of the earth. The whole sur- 
face of the earth is divided into five zones : the first 
is contained between the two tropicks, and is called 
the torrid zone. There are two temperate zones, 
and two frigid zones. The northern temperate zone 
is terminated by the tropick of Cancer and the arc- 
tick polar circle : the southern temperate zone is 
contained between the tropick of Capricorn and 
the polar circle : the frigid zones are circumscribed 
by the polar circles, and the poles are in their cen 
tres. Suckling. Circuit; circumference. Milton. 
ZO'NED*, z6nd. a. Wearing a zone. Pope. 
ZOO'GRAPHER, zo-og'-gra-fur. n.s. [faf, and 
ypuepw.] One who describes the nature, properties, 
and forms of animals. Brown. 
ZOO'GRAPHY, z6-6g ; -gra-fe. 518. n.s. A descrip- 
tion of the forms, natures, and properties of animais. 
Glanrille. 
ZOOLOGICAL* z6-6-!6d / -je-kal. a. Describing 

living creatures. 
ZOO'LOGIST*, zo-6lM6-j?st. n. s. One who treats 

of living creatures. Johnson. 
ZOOLOGY, z6-6l'-)6-je. 518. n. s. [&ov and \6yos.] 

A treatise concerning living creatures. Johnson. 
ZOOPHO'RICK Column, z6-6-f6r'-rik-k&I / -&m. 
509. n. s. [In architecture.] A statuary column, or 
a column which bears or supports the figure of an 
animal. Diet. 
ZOO'PHORUS,z6-6f-6-rus.557.«.5. [gtto^tpfc.l A 
part between the architraves and cornice, so called 
on account of the ornaments carved on it, among 
which were the figures of animals. Diet. 
ZO'OPHYTE, zo'-d-flte. 156. n. s. RtbaQvnv, of 
£woj and <pvrdv, Gr. ; zoophyte, Fr.] Certain vege- 
tables or substances which partake of the nature 
both of vegetables and animals. Harris. 
ZOO'TOMIST, z6-6t'-t6-mist. n. s. A dissector of 

the bodies of brute beasts. 
ZOO'TOMY, z6-6t / -t6-me. 518. n. s. [faorouia, of 
toov and riuvtD.'] Dissection of the bodies of d 
* 1033 



APPENDIX. 



The words to which this mark (*) is annexed, are words which have been added by Mr. Todd, in his Second 

Edition of Johnson's Dictionary, published in 1827. 

The words to which the letter J. [Johnson] or T. [Todd] is annexed, are to be found in the body of this 

Dictionary, but are here repeated for tlie sake of some correction or remark. 



AFF 



ANI 



(0*559. — Fate, far, fill, fat;— me, met; — pine, pin; — n6, move, ndr, not: 
tube, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ;— p6und ;— thm, THis. 



To ABE'RR*, ab-er'. v. n. [aberro, Lat.] To wan- 
der. Robinson. 

ABOLITIONIST*,. &b-6-Hsh'-fin-ist. n.s. One who is 
desirous to abolish any thing. A very modern word. 

ABO'ON*, a-b66n'. prep. Above. Westmoreland 
and Yorkshire. 

A BROGABLE* ab'-r6-ga-bl. a. That may be ab- 
rogated. H. More. 

ABSCONDENCE*, ab-skon'-dense. n. s. Conceal- 
ment. Phillips. 

A'BSENT*, ab'-s£nt. n. s. One who is not present. 
Bp. Morton. 

ABSU'MPTION* ab-sfim'-shun. n.s. Destruction. 
Bp. Gauden. 

ABY'SMAL*, a-blz'-mal. a. Bottomless. Coles. 

To A'CCLAMATE*, ak'-kla-inat*. v. a. [acclamo, 
Lat.] To applaud. Waterhouse. 

To ACCLIMATE, ak-kll'-mate. v. a. To inure to 
a climate. Notes o?i Colombia. A Gallicism, and 
not used by the best English writers. 

ACCOUNTABILITY, ak-k&un-ta-bll'-e-te. «. s. 
Accountableness ; liability to be called to account ; 
responsibility. Webster's Diet. Not used by the 
best writers. Pick. Vocab. 

ACCRIMINA TION*, ak-krim-e-na'-shnn. n. s. 
Accusation ; reproach. Life of Queen Henrietta 
Maria, 1685. 

ACE PHAL1ST*, a-sef-a-llst. n. s. One who ac- 
knowledges no head or superiour. Gauden. 

A'CKER*, ak'-kur. n. s. A ripple on the surface of 
the water ; a curl. Fine mould, probably at first 
enclosed by the acre. Craven Gloss. 

ACKNOWLEDGER*, ak-nol'-le'dj-ur. n. s. One 
who acknowledges. Izaac Walton. 

To A CORN*, a'-k6rn. v. n. To pick up and feed on 
acorns. Clieshire Gloss. 

ACQUAINT ANCESHIP, ak-kwan'-tans-shln. n. s. 
The being an acquaintance. Dr. Chalmers. Unau- 
thorized. 

A'CTLESS*, aklMes. a. Without spirit; insipid. 
Southerne. 

A'CUATE*, ak'-u-ite. a. Sharpened. Ashmole. 

A'DDLINGS*, ad'-dl-mgz. n. s. pi. Earnings ; 
wages received for work. Clieshire Gloss. 

ADMI'TTIBLE*, ad-mit'-le-bi. a. The proper or- 
thography, instead of admittable. 
To ADSCRFBE*, ad-skrlbe 7 . v. a. Formerly so 
written, instead of to ascribe. 

ADU'NCOUS*, a-dung'-kus. a. [aduncus, Lat.] 
Crooked. Coles. 

ADVECTFTIOUS* ad-vSk-tish'-fis. a. [advectitius, 

Lat.] Brought ; carried. 
To A'DVOCATE. [T] v. a. This word, after hav- 
ing been for many years condemned by the English 
cnticks, and by Dr. Franklin and others of our own 
countrymen, as an Americanism, is now in general 
use among the best writers and speakers in Eng- 
land, as well as in America. Pick. Vocab. 
AFFILIATED, af-fll'-e-a-ted. a. Associated, allied, 
or united with. Webster's Diet. Rep. Land. Sec 
1819. 



AFFORDMENT*, af-ford'-ment. n.s. Grant; do- 
nation. Lord. 

A'FTERINGS*, af-tur-ingz. n.s. The last milk 
that can be drawn from a cow; strokings. Grose. 
Derbyshire and Cheshire. 

A'GAMIST*, ag'4-mlst. ». s. [dyaixog.] One that is 
unmarried. Coles. 

AGGRE'SSIVE*, ag-greV-slv. a. Beginning a quar- 
rel. Sir W. Scott. 

AGRICULTURALIST, ag-re-kul'-tshur-al-ist. n.s. 
Sometimes used instead of agriculturist. 

A'IGRE*. a. Sour. CravenDialect. 

AISH*. n. s. Stubble. Grose. — Hampshire. 

ALA'NTEM*, a-lan'-tem. { ad. At a distance. Grose. 

ALA'NTUM*, a-lan'-tum. \ Craven Glossary. 

ALVTED* \ varL a - Win S ed - Not used - Stukdy. 

ALIENISM, ale'-yen-lzm. n. s. Alienage. Johnson's 
New York Reports. Pick. Vocab. Unauthorized. 

ALKA'LIOUS*, al-kaMe-us. a. Having the quali- 
ties of alkali. Kinnier. 

ALLECTA'TION*, al-lSk-ta'-shfin. n. s. [allectatio, 
Lat.] Ah alluring ; enticement. Coles. 

ALLO WER*, al-l6u'-ur. n. s. One who approves 
or authorizes. The King's Declaration, 1606. 

ALLU'SORY*, al-lu'-sur-e. a. Allusive; insinuating; 
implying. Heath. 

ALLUVIAL*, al-lu'-ve-al. a. Alluvious. 

ALO'NE. [J.] a. Used for only before a noun : the 
alone method of salvation. J. Newton's Works, and 
Chalmers' Sermons. Used by ecclesiastical writers, 
but. not resting on good authority. Pick. Vocab. 

A'LUMINE*, al'-u-mlne. n. s. A kind of earth, 
so called from its forming the basis of common 
■ ahem. 

To AMBITION*, am-bish'-un. v. a. To seek am- 
bitious! v. Moral State of England, 1670. 

AMERICANISM, a-mer'-e-kan-lzm. n.s. "A love 
of America, and preference of her interests." 
Webster's Diet. Not used, by good writers, in this 
sense. " A use of phrases or terms, or a con' 
struction of sentences, even among persons of rank 
and education, in America, different from the use 
of the same terms or phrases, or the construction of 
similar sentences, in Great Britain." Witlierspoon. 
In this sense the word is used, by good writers, in 
analogy with Gallicism, Anglicism, &c. Pick. 
Vocab. 

AMFCAL* a-ml'-kal. a. Friendly. W. Watson, 
1691. 

AMOLPTION* am-o-llsh'-un. n. s. [amolitio, Lat.] 
A removal ; a putting away. Bp. Ward. 

ANATHEMATISM*, a-natfi'-e-ina-tizm. n. s. Ex- 
communication. Tooker. 

ANIMA'LCULAR* an-e-mal'-ko-lar. \a. Relat- 

ANIMA'LCULINE* an-e-mal'-ku-llne. \ ingto an- 
imalcules; belonging to animalcules. Quarterly 
Review. 

ANIMALISM, an'-ne-mal-lzm. n. *. Sensuality, 
Remarks on tlve Review of Inchiquin's Letters, 
Boston, 1815. Not in common use. 
1085 



ATT 



APPENDIX. 



BES 



(CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— 



ANODYNOUS*, an-6-dl'-nus. «. Belonging to ano- 
dynes. Coles. 
ANSWER. [J.J n. s. [In parliamentary language.] 
The reply made by a legislative body to the cus- 
tomary speech or message of the president of the 
United States, or of the governourof a state, at the 
opening of a session of the legislature. In England 
this answer is always called the address. Pick. Vocab. 
ANTEFACT*, an'-t£-fakt. n. s. That which repre- 
sents the fact before it occurs. Proceedings of Di- 
vines, 1641. 
ANTIQUARIAN. [T] n. s. An antiquary. " This 
word," says Mr. Todd, (speaking of it as a substan- 
tive,) '' is improper, and is now rarely, if at all, 
used." It is often used in America, and has been 
recently used by both the Edinburgh and the Quar- 
terly Review. 
ANT1SCRIPT* an'-te-skrtpt. n. s. Opposition in 
writing to some other writing. Hacket. 

ANX1ETUDE, ang-zl'-e-tude. n.s. Anxiety 5 solici- 
tude. Unauthorized. Pick. Vocab. 

APPE'LLATE. [J. &,T.] a. Having jurisdiction of 
appeals, and not original jurisdiction : " The Su- 
preme Court of the United States shall have 
appellate jurisdiction," &c. Constitut. U. States. 
This word, though heretofore considered of doubt- 
ful authority, is in use among the best juridical 
writers. See Blackstone's Commentaries, vol. i. 
p. 105. Pick. Vocab. 

APPETFTIOUS*, ap-pe-l?sh'-us. a. Palatable ; de- 
sirable. Brief Description of Fanaticks, 1660. 

A'PPLICANT. [ T] n. s. A diligent student. Used 
at the colleges in America, but not authorized in 
this sense. Pick. Vocab. 

To APPRECIATE, v. n. To rise m value. Not in 
use in this sense. Pick. Voczb. 

APPRECIATION. [7'.] n. s. A rising in value : 
from the preceding verb, and of no better authority 
in this sense. Pick. Vocab. 

To APPROBATE, ap / -pr6-bate. v. a. To approve ; 
to license to preach : used as a sort of technical 
term among the clergy of New- England; but is not 
authorized by English use. Pick. Vocab. 

ARCHA'ICK*, ar-ka'-ik. a. Old fashioned ; ancient. 
Dawson Turner. 

ARCHIMANDRITE*, ar-ke-man'-drk Ht s. The 
chief of a convent. Coles. 

A'RCHY* arlsh'-e. a. In the form of an arch. Par- 
thaneia Sacra. 

A'RDERS*, ar'-dfirz. n. s. Fallowings, or plough- 
ings of grounds. Coles and Grose. 

ARGUTA'TION*, ar-gu-ta'-shun. n. s. [argviatio, 
Lat.] Debate ; cavil ; disputation. Bp. Hall.. 

ARGUMENT ABLE, ar-gu-meV-ta-bU. Admitting 
of argument; that maybe argued. Dr. Chalmers' 
Sermons. Unauthorized. 

A'RGUMENTIZER*, ar'-gu-men-tl-zur. n. s. One 
who debates or reasons. Brady. 

A'RVEL*, ar'-vel. n. s. [arwyl, Welsh.] A funeral. 
Grose. Craven Dialect. — Arvel-snpjier. The feast 
made at northern funerals. Arvel-hread. 'Cakes 
given at funerals. Grose. 

A'SSECLE*, as'-se-kl. n. s. [assecla, Lat.J A de- 
pendant; a follower. Sheldon. A pedantick word. 

ASSI'STANTLY* as-sfst'-ant-le. ad. So as to assist. 
Stemhold. 

ASSOCIATION. \J.] n.s. « A convention of cler- 
gymen." Webster's Diet. Pick. Vocab. Used in 
New England, as a technical word, in the ecclesias- 
tical proceedings of the congregational clergy. 

ASSOC1ATIONAL, as-s6-she-a/-shun-al. a [from 
the preceding.] " Students in divinity must, in each 
case, pass through the associational, or presbyterial 
examination mentioned above." Remarks. on Inchi- 
quin's Letters, Boston, 1815. Rarely used. Pick. 
Vocab. 

AT. prep. For by, in this expression— Sales at auc- 
tion. Used in America. The English usage is — 
Sales by auction. Pick. Vocab. 

ATTEMPERMENT, at-tem -per-ment. n.s. A tem- 
pering, or proportioning. Dr. Chalmo-s. Unauthori- 
zed. 



ATTEND1NGLY*, at-tend'-ing-le. ad. With atten 
tion. Oley. 

A'TTERCOB*, at'-tfir-kob. ) n. s. A spider. North 

A'TTERCOP*, at'-tur-kSp. \ of England. 

ATTRIBUTION. [J.] n.s. The act of attributing, 
or ascribing. Remarks on the Review of Inchiquin's 
Letters. Not in common use in this sense. 

AUGMENTABLE*, awg-ment'-a-bl. a. Capable 
of augmentation. Ashmote. 

A'UTARCHY*, aw'-tar-ke. n.s. [abrdpKeia.] Self 
sufficiency. Poles. 

AUTOGENEAL*, aw-t6-je'-ne-al. a. [alroytvfc.] 
Self-begotten. Waterhouse. 

AUTO GRAPHAL*, aw-tdg'-ra-lal. a. Of the par- 
ticular handwriting of persons. Bennet. 

AUTO'MATAL*, aw-tom'-a-tal. a. Automatical 
automatous. 'Annot. on Glanville's Lux. Orient. 

AUXE TICK*, awk-zeV-fk. a. Amplifying ; increas- 
ing. Hutchinson. 

A'VERAGE*, av'-fir-adje. n. s. Winter eatage. 
Craven Dialect. The breaking of cornfields ; ed- 
dish ; roughings. Grose. 



, — ^ _ 1 

B. 

BACKEND*, n. s. The latter part of the year. 
North of England. 

BA'CKSTONE*. n. s. The heated stone, or iron, on 
which oat-cake is baked. North of England. 

BACKWOODSMAN, bak-w&dz'-man. [used most- 
ly in the plural.] n. s. A term applied to the people 
who inhabit the new'y settled territory westward 
of the Alleghany mountains. Pick. Vocab. 

BA'LANCE. [J.] n. s. This word is much used by 
the people of the Southern States as a general 
term, signifying the remainder of any thing. Pick. 
Vocab. 

BALCONIED*, bal-ko'-nld. a. Having balconies. 
R. North. 

To BA'LSAM*. v. a'. To render balsamick, or mild ; 
to soften. Hacket. 

BANGING*, banging, a. Large ; great. Grose. 

BANK-BILL. [«/.] n. s. This is the term in general 
use in the United States for the common promisso- 
ry notes or currency of banks, which, m England, 
are called bank-notes ; and yet bank-bill is in John- 
son's and other English Dictionaries, and bank-note 
is omitted. Pick. \ r ocab. 

BARBACUE, bar'-ba-ku. «. s. A hog dressed whole 
with spices. Webst. Diet. Used in the Southern 
States. Pick. Vocab. 

BAREIIE'ADEDNESS*, bare-hed'-ed-nes. n. s. 
The state of being bareheaded. Bp. Hall. 

BA'RYTES*. n. s. [/3ap*.] An earth, in its pure 
state very heavy. 

To BASE, base. v. a. To found ; to build upon. A 
Gallicism, sometimes used in this country; but 
rarely used by English writers. Pick. Vocab. 

BA'STER*. n. s. A blow with a stick, or other 
weapon. Wagstajje.^ Not in use. 

BA'WLER*, baw'-lur. n. s. One who bawis. 
Echard. 

To BAWM*, or BAWN*. v. a. To adorn ; to dress. 
Westmoreland and Cheshire. 

To BEDA'RKEN*. v. a. To obscure; to darken. 
Hacket. 

To BEGLO'OM*, be-gl5om'. v. a. To cast a gloom 
over; to darken. Badcock. 

To BEGO'D*, be-god'. v. a. To deify; to treat as a 
god. More. 

To BELFME*, be-Ume'. v. a. To besmear as with 
lime; to soil. Bp. Hall. 

To BELITTLE, be-llt'-tl. v. a. To make smaller or 
less in size. Jefferson. N. A. Rev. Not used by 
English writers. Pick. Vocab. 

BENEDFCTIVE*, ben-e-dlk'-tfv. a. Of power to 
draw down a blessing; giving a blessing. Gau- 
den. 

To BESTIATE*, bes'-tshe-ate. v. a. To make Hke 
a beast ; to bestialize. Junius, 1639. 
1036 



BRA 



APPENDIX. 



CEN 



-116, move, ndr, n6t ;— tube, tab, bull }— c-il ;— pound j—thin, thjs. 



BESTOWMENT, be-st/6 -mcnt. n. s. The act of 
conferring'. HV/>sf. Z>/c7. Used by some American 
divines. Pick.Voeaf). 
BESURE, be-shure'. ad. Certainly. Lathrop's Ser- 
mons. This colloquial inelegance, and also the 
fdirase " to be sure/' are sometimes used by pub- 
ick speakers in the United States. 
BETRUSTMENT, bo-trust -ment. n.s. Act of in- 



trusting 5 thing intrusted. Webst. Diet. 
BETTERMENT* bet'-tfir-inent. n. 



?. Improve- 
Superiority 



monl. W. Munntague. 
BE'TTERNESS* bet -tur-nes. 

Tooler. 
BETWA'TTLED*. be-tw6t'-tld. a. Confounded} 

overpowered } slupified. Gabriel John. 
BEWA'ILER*. be-wa -lur. n. s. One who laments 

or bewails. Ward. 
BEWI'TCHEDNESS^be-whsh'-ed-nes. n. s. State 

of being bewitched. Bp. Gauden. 
BIFU'RCOUS*, bl-fiV-kus. a. Two-forked. Coles. 
To BI'GGfEN*, big'-gen. v.n. To recover after lying 

in. Brockelt. 
BIGHT, bite. n. s. A nautical term for a narrow inlet 

of the sea. Bowditclvs Navigator. 
To BILLET*, v. n. To be quartered as soldiers ; to 

lodge. Prideaux. 
BLAKE*, a. [bleeck, Teut.] Yellow. Grose. North 

of England. 
BLAND1MENT*, blan'-de-ment. n.s. [blandimen- 

tiim, Lat.l Allurement 3 enticement. Burnet. 
To BLASFI*, blash. v. a. [of the same origin as 

plash.] To spatter. Grose. Craven Dialect. 
BLA SHY* blash'-e. a. Dirty } wet. Craven Dialect. 

Thin j poor : as, blashy milk or beer. Grose. 
To BLAZON, bla'-zn. v. n. To shine jj to make a 

brilliant figure. Dr. Chalmers. Unauthorized. 
BLOB*, n. s. A bubble. See Bleb. 
BLOBTALE*, bl&b'-tile. n.s. A telltale 5 a blab. 
BLOCK, n. s. Sometimes used in the United States 

for a row of houses, or a pile of building. 
BLOODSHO'TTENNESS*, blud'-shot-tn-nes. n.s. 
The state of being bloodshotten, as applicable to 
the eye. 
BLOTTER* blot'-tur. n.s. One that effaces 3 one 

that disfigures. 
BLUFF, bluf. n. s. A steep bank, or high, bold shore. 
Webst. Diet. In use in this country, particularly 
in the Southern and Western States 5 it is a nau- 
tical term in England. Pick. Vocab. 
BOARD. 7i. s. [J.J To the definition, after entertain- 
ment, add food. 
BOATABLE, bo'-ta-bl. a. Navigable with boats. 

Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 
BOATING, bo'-ting. n. s. The act of transporting 
in boats. Webst. Diet. A word used by boatmen. 
Pick. Vocab. 
BOBBISH*, bob'-blsh. a. In familiar discourse used 

for being lieartu ; in good spirits. 
BO'LLINGS*, bole'-ingz. n. s. pi. Pollard-trees, 
whose heads and branches are cut oft', and only the 
bodies left. Ray. 
BOOKSTORE, "b&k'-stAre. n.s. What are called 
bookseller's shops in England, are, in the United 
States, called bookstores. Pick. Vocab. 
BOTCHERY*, botsh'-ur-e. n.s. A clumsy addition} 

patchwork. World of Wonders. 
BOTTLE-NOSED*, bot'-tl-nozd. a. Having an ex- 
traordinary large nose. Kersey. 
BOTTOM-LANDS, or BOTTOMS, n. s. Terms 
applied in the Southern and Western States to rich, 
low lands bordering on rivers. Similar lands in 
New England are called interval lands, or simply, 
intervals. Pick. Vocab. 
To BOUKE*, or BOWKE*. v. n. To nauseate, so 
as to be ready to vomit, and to belch. Sometimes 
pronounced hoke. Grose. Craven Dialect. 
BO ULIMY*. See Bulimy. 
BO VVER*, b6u / -6r. n. s. One who bows in token of 

respect. Icon Alelliene. 
BRA'BBLING*, brab'-bl-lng. n. s. Quarrel : which, 
in low conversation, is frequently called brabblement. 
Sir J. Harington. 



BRAND-NEW*. See Bran-new. 

BRA NGLER*, brang'-gl-ur. n. s. One who wishes 
to quarrel ; a wrangler. Kersey. 

BRASH*, brash, a. Hasty} impetuous } rash. Grose. 
Craven Dialect. In some parts of New England 
used for brittle ; as applied to timber. Pick. Vocab. 

To BRAWN*, brawn, v. a. To render strong. Fuller 

BREAD-STUFF. «.*. Bread-corn} meal: bread 
Used in this country, but not in England. Pick. Vocab 

To BRE'AKFAST*. v. a. To furnish with a break 
fast. Milton. 

BRE'ASTPIN*, brest'-p'in. n. s. An ornamental pin 
fixed in the linen near the breast} sometimes also 
called a broach. 

BRIEF. [J.] a. Prevalent ; common ; rife. Webster's 
Diet. In this sense, a provincialism, according to 
Grose, of the north of England : sometimes used in 
this country. Pick. Vocab. 

BROSEN*, or BRO'STEN*. part. a. Burst. West- 
moreland and Craven Dialect. 

BRUSH. [J.] 71. s. Brushwood ; shrubs ; lopped 
branches of trees. Webst. Diet. Used in the United 
Slates, but not common, in this sense, in England. 

To BRUT*, or BRUTTE*, brut. v. a. To nibble 
Grose. 



C. 

CA'BALIZE*, kab'-a-Uze. v.n. To speak the lan- 
guage of the learned Jews. More. 

CACHE, kash. n. s. [Fr.] A term used by traders 
and explorers in the unsettled western country be- 
longing to the United States, for a hole dug in the 
ground, far the purpose of preserving and conceal 
ing such provisions and commodities as it may be 
inconvenient to carry with them throughout theii 
journey. See Lewis and Clark's Expedition, vol 
i. p. 256. 

CADE-LAMB*, n. s. A tame lamb in Norfolk and 
Suffolk [England] ; in Cumberland, a pet lamb. 

CA'DGY*, kad'-je. a. Cheerful } merry after good 
eating and drinking. Brockett. North of England. 

CALCITRA'TION*, kal-se-tra'-shun. n. s. The act 
of kicking. Ross. 

CA'LCULARY*, kal'-ku-lar-e. a. Relating to the 
disease called the stone. Bp. Gauden. 

To CALCULATE. [•/.] v. n. To expect ; to sup 
pose } to think : as, I calculate to leave town to-mor 
row. Unauthorized in this sense. Pick. Vocab. 

ToCATSIZE* ; kap-slze / . v. a. To overturn. A nau 
tical word. 

To CATTIVATE. [J.] v. a. To take prisoner ; tc 
bring into bondage. This is one of the meaning 
given to this verb by Dr. Johnson, who quotes, lb 
authorities, Shakspcare, King CfiarUs, and Locke 
and it has been used in this sense by our country 
men, Dr. Belknap, Dr. Ramsay, &c. ; but is nc 
now so used by good English writers. Pick. Vccw 

CA RENCY* ka'-ren-se. n. s. [carence, old Fr. } a 
rens, Lat.] Want 3 lack. Bp. Riafuirdson. 

CARR*. n.s. [kaer, Su. Goth.] A marsh, or fit 
land. North of England. 

CAUCUS, kaw'-kfis. n. s. A cant term, in the Unit J 
States, for those informal, preparatory meeting, 
which are held by political, and other partisans,!) 
order to agree upon candidates for office, or.o 
concert measures of any kind, which they intendo 
support and vote for at the publick or legal Hid- 
ings of the citizens. The etymology of this ton 
is uncertain. Pick. Vocab. 

CE'NSUS. [ T.] n. s. An authentick register or eu- 
meration of the inhabitants of a country, madfby 
publick authority. Webst. Diet. This is the cm- 
mon term, in the United States, for what in Engaid 
has generally been called enumeration; thdgh 
some English writers have, within a few yars, 
used the word census in the sense in which it is.*ed 
in this country. Pick. Vocab. 
CENT, sent. n.s. A copper coin of the United Sites, 
value one hundredth part of a dollar. Webst. Hct. 
1037 



COM 



APPENDIX. 



CON 



(LT *>59.— Fate, far, fS.ll, fat ;— me, mel;— pine, pm ;- 



CENTRALITY, seu-tral'-e-te. n. s. The quality of 

being central. Jefferson. Unauthorized. 
CE'REBRAL*, ser'-e-bral. a. Relating to the brain. 
CHAMBER-LIE*, n. s. Stale urine. 
CHA'RTEL*. n. s. [cliartula, Lat.] A little roll or 

piece of paper; a few leaves of paper. 

CHE'CKERS, or CHE'QUERS. [7\] n.s. The 

common name in the Northern States for the game 

which in England is called draughts. Pick. Vocab. 

To CHE'ERUP*, or CHFRUP*. v. a. To make 

cheerful. A colloquial word. Dr. Cheyne. See 

To Chirp. 

CHIEFESS, tsheef ■&. n. s. A female chief among 

the Indians. Carver. Unauthorized. 
CHORE, tsh6re. n. s. A smalljob ; domestick work. 
Webst. Diet. Used in New England : a corruption 
afchxxr, which in some parts of England is called a 
cheure or chure, which approaches to our pronun- 
ciation, chore. Pick. Vocab. 
CHRISTIANIZATION. n. s. A word sometimes 
used in America 3 but unauthorized. Pick. Vocab. 
To CHUM. v. n. [from the noun.] To occupy a 
chamber with another. Used in American colleges. 
CHUNK, tsh&nk.rc. s. A short, (hick block, or bit of 
wood 5 brands, or half-burned wood. A colloquial 
word in America j perhaps corrupted from chump. 
Pick. Vocab. 
CITESS. n. s. A woman inhabiting a city. Webst. 
Diet, la use several years since in this country, 
but now out of use. Pick. Vocab. 
CIVISM, sfv'-izm. n. s. Patriotism ; attachment to 
the publick welfare. Webst. Did. Not now in. 
I use. Pick. Vocab. 

I To CLAM*, v. n. To starve. See To Clem. 
To CLAMP*, v. n. [klompen, Dutch.] To tread 

heavily. Craven Dialect. 
CLA'PBOARD. n. s. A narrow board commonly 
used for the outermost covering of houses in Ameri- 
ca. Webster's Diet. Pick. Vocab. 
To CLART*. v. a. To daub ; to smear ; to spread. 
1 North of England. 

PLA'RTY*. a. Wet ; slippery ; dirty 5 miry. Grose. 
DLE'RKLESS*. a. Ignorant; uncivilized. Water- 

house, 
^LE'VER. [J.] a. This adjective, when applied to a 
I man, in England, denotes capacity, without any 
regard to moral qualities ; but in this country it is 
[ much used, in conversation, to denote goodness of 
j disposition, without any regard to capacity. To 
I say of a man that " He is very clever, but, at the 
j same time, a great rogue," would be good Eng- 
lish 5 and to say of one, " He is very ciever, but of 
weak understanding," would be agreeable to a 
I common usage in America. Pick. Vocab. 
^LE'VERLY. IXj ad. Used in some parts of New 
(England as a colloquial word for well or very 
Iwen. Pick. Vocab. 

^OSE. [J.] a. Used by the American Baptists for 
particular, strict, or restricted : as, close communion; 
(bat is, a communion from which those who are not 
laptists are excluded. Technical. 
^OTHIER. [A] n.s. Used in America for a ful- 
in England, for a maker or seller of cloth. 
y ick. Vocab. 

\ CLUTTER*, v. a. To hurry together ; to put 
^to confusion. T. Matliews. 
T'COACH*. ». n. To ride in a coach. Waterhouse 
C<ALE SCENT*, ko-a-leV-sent. a. Joined; united. 

jfinot. on Glanville, 1682. 
CC8, kob. n. s. The spike of an ear of maize. Webst, 

tctioimry. 
COSBY*, a. Headstrong ; tjTannical. Cumberland. 
Suit; hearty; brisk. Northumberland. Well, or 
injood spirits. Derbyshire. Grose. 
ToQERCE.[J.] u.a.Sometimes improperly used, in 

thi United States, for to compel. 
COI[CFLLARY*,k6d-e-s]l / -lar-e. a. Of the nature 

of i codicil. PhiXLimore. 
COHB1TION*, kd-he-blsh'-fin. n. s. [cohibitio, 

La| Hinderance ; restraint. Formerly in use. 
CO'flBATABLE*, kom'-ba-ta-bl, a. That may be 
disced or opposed. Modern. 



COMBPNER*, k&m-bl'-nftr. n. s. The person or 

thing that combines. W. Mountague. 
COMBU'STIVE*, k&m-bds'-tlv. a. Disposed to take 

fire. Bp. Gauden. 
COMME'RCER*. n. s. One who trafficks, or holds 
intercourse with another. W. Mountague. Not in 
use. 

To COMMFNUATE*, kom-min'-u-ate. v.a. [com- 
minuo, Lat.1 To grind. See To Comminute. 

To COMMIT*, v. n. To be guilty of incontinency. 
Shakspeare. 

COMMU'NIONIST*, k&m-nmne'-y&n-ist. n. s. One 
who is of the same communion with others. Dury 

COMPA'SSIONATENESS*, k&m-pash'-un-ate 
nes. n. s. State of being compassionate. Calamy. 

COMPE'LLATORY*, k&m-pel'-la-tur-e. a. Having 
the force of compelling; compulsatory. Cavendish. 

To COMPETE*, k&m-peet'. v. n. [competo, Lat.] 
To be in a state of competition; to rival. Bp. Heber. 
This 's a Scottish word, of recent admission into 
English composition. 

COMPETITORY*, k&m-pet'-e-tur-e. a. In compe- 
tition. Faber. 

COMPLACE'NTIAL*, k&m-pla-sen'-shal. a. Caus- 
ing joy or pleasure. Baxter. 

COMPLIMENTARY, k&m-ple-ment'-a-re. a. Com- 
plimental ; gratulatory ; congratulatory ; flattering. 
Perry 1 s Did. A word not in Johnson or Todd, 
yet often used. 

To COMPLOT*. v.a. To plan; to contrive. Milton 

To COMPROM1T. [7VJ v.a. Mr. Todd has insert- 
ed this word with the following remarks : " This is 
our old word for compromise. It has been of late 
revived, especially by American writers." 

COMPU'NCT*. part. a. Pricked ; stimulated. Be- 
ware of M. Jewel, 1566. Not now in use. 

CONCE'ALEDLY* k6n-se'-lgd-le. ad. So as not to 
be detected. Bp. Gauden. 

To CONCETT*. v.n. To form a notion; to con- 
ceive. 

CONCHFLIOUS*, k&n-kfl'-e-fis. a. Of or belonging 
to shells. 

CONCHO'LOGY*, kon-k6l'-6-je.n.«. [concha, Lat., 
and \6yos, Gr.] The science and knowledge of 
shells; a description of shells. 

CONCO'RDABLE*, k6n-k6rd'-a-bl. a. Agreeing ; 
harmonious. 

CONCO'RDABLY*, k6n-k6rd'-a-ble. ad. With 
agreement. Rogers. 

CONCU'BINARY*, k&n-ku'-be-nar-e. a. Relating 
to concubinage. Bp. Gauden. 

To CONDUCT. [J.] This verb is often improperly 
used in New England without the reciprocal pro- 
noun ; as, He conducts well, instead of, He conducts 
himself 'well. Pick. Vocab. 

CONFRO'NTMENT*, kdn-fr&nt'-ment. n. s. Com- 
parison. Oley. 

CONGREGATIONAL, k6ng-gre-ga / -sh&n-al. a. 
Relating to a congregation, and to a church gov- 
ernment by consent and election. Webst. Diet. 

CONGREGATIONALISM. n.s. Church govern- 
ment by the members of the church and congrega- 
tion. Webst. Diet. 

CONGREGATIONALISM n. s. An adherent to 
the congregational form of church government. 
Webst. Did. 

CONGRESS. [J.] This word is used in this country 
in an appropriate or technical manner for the 
legislature of the United States, and is used without 
the article. Pick. Vocab. 

CONGRESSIONAL, k&n-greW-un-al. a. Pertain- 
ng to congress. Webst. Did. It is analogous to 



parliamentary. Pick. Vocab. 
CONSFGNAT7 



ARY*, k6n-s?g'-na-tar-e. n.s. One 
to whom is consigned any trust or business. Sir 
Leonine Jenkins. 
CONSOCIATION. [J.] n. s. A convention of pas- 
tors and messengers of churches. Webst. Diet. 
Used technically in Connecticut. Pick. Vocab. 
CONSOCIATIONAL, kSn-si-she-a'-shun-al. a. 

Pertaining to a consociation. Webst. Did. 
I To CONSPFRE* v. a. To plot; to contrive. Shak. 
1038 



CRO 



APPENDIX. 



DES 






— n6, mdve, ndr, n&t;— lobe, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pofind 5— thin, THis. 



CO'NSTABLERY*, k6n'-sta-bl0r-e. n. s. The dis- 
trict called also constablewick. Burton. 

CONSTITUTIONALITY, kdn-ste-to-shan-al'-e-te. 
n. s. The state of being agreeable to the constitu- 
tion. Webst. Diet. Common in America, but not 
in general use in England 5 yet it is used in the 
Edinburgh Rev. vol. xli. p. 170. 

To CONTRAPOSE*, k6n-tra-p<W; v. a. [contra- 
vositus. Lat.] To place against} to set in opposition. 
Sa/keld. 

CONTROVE'RSILESS*, k6n-tr6-veV-se-les. a. 
Not admitting controversy; questionless. Tooker. 

To CONTU'MULATE*, k6n-tu'-mu-late. v. a. 
[contumulo, Lat.] To bury 5 to lay in the grave. 

CON VERS A'TIONIST*. kon-veY-sa'-shSnJst. n.s. 
One who distinguishes himself in conversation. A 
modern word. 

CONVEYANCING, kdn-va'-an-slng. n.s. The act 
or business of drawing deeds, leases, &c. Webst. 
Dictionary. 

CONVIVIALITY, k6n-vlv-e-al / -e-te. n.s. State of 
being convivial 5 or mirth excited by feasting. 
Webst. Diet. Used in the Life of Grose. 

COO PERANT*, ko-op'-er-iint. a. Labouring to- 
gether; working to the same end. Bp. Nicholson. 

CORK. 11. s. A frost-nail, or sharp steel point on 
a horseshoe. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 

To CORK. r. a. To form sharp points j to shoe 
with points. Webst. Diet. To wound with a cork 
or sharp point. 

CORN. [J.] n. s. This word is a general term in 
England for all sorts of grain that are used for 
bread, as wheat, rye, &c. ; but in this country, es- 
pecially in the Northern Slates, it signifies exclu- 
sively Indian corn, or maize. Pick. Vocab. 

CO'RNWAIN*, korn'-wane. n. s. A wagon loaded 
with corn. Bp. Horsley. 

CORVE'TTE*, kor-vet'. n. s. [Fr.] An advice-boat ; 
a packet-boat. Sidney. 

COTHU'RNATE* k6-tfnV-nat. )part.a.Bus- 

COTHU'RNATED*, ko-tfaV-na-teU ] kined; re- 
lating to tragedy. Cockeram. 
To COURT*, w. n. To. act the courtier; to imitate 
the manners of the court. Abp. Laud. 

COUNTERFEITNESS*, koun'-ter-flt-nes. n.s. 
The state of being counterfeit. Ward. 

CRA'CKER. n. s. A word used in the United States 
for a biscuit; also, in some of the Southern States, 
applied to the wagoners from the upper or interiour 
country. 
CRA'NBERRY [7Yj is not the same as " the whor- 
tleberry, or bilberry," (as defined by Mr. Todd,) 
but is a very different berry, of an acid taste, used 
as a sauce. 
CRANIO'LOGY*, kra-ne-6l'-6-je. n. s. [ K pdviov and 



CRO'WDY*, krdu'-de. n. s. Meal and water, some- 
times mixed with milk. Grose. Craven Dialed. 

To CRU'DDLE*, krud'-dl. v. n. To curdle : also to 
stoop. Brockett. Craven Dialect. 

CRUE'NTOUS*, kru-en'-v&s. a. [cruentus, Lat] 
Bloody. 

CULL*, n. s. A fool ; one who is imposed upon. See 
Cully. 

CU'LLENDER*, kfil'-len-dar. n. s. A strainer. See 
Colander. But cullender is the common way of 
writing it. 

CULLING*, kul'-llng. n. *. Any thing separated or 
selected from a mass ; refuse. Drayton. 

CU'SHAT*. n.s. The wild pigeon, or ring-dove. 
Grose. It is also written cowshut. 



Xdyoj.l The science of cerebral pathology. 
CRA'NKY* 



nstead of 



Pleasant ; agreeable 



Sometimes so written, 
crank. 
CRA'NNY*. kran'-ne 
praiseworthy. Bailey 
CRA'VINGNESS* kra'-vlng-nes. n. s. The state of 

craving. 
CRE'ATURAL*, kre'-tshure-al. a. Belonging to a 

creature ; having the qualities of a creature. 
CRE'ATURE. [J.] n. s. Much used in this country, 
by farmers, in the plural, as a common term for 
horses, oxen, cows, &c, and so used in the ancient 
laws of the New England States. Pick. Vocab. 
CREEK. [J.] n. s. A term used in the states south of 
New England to denote a small river. Pick. Vocab- 
ulary. 
CREEL*, kreel. n. s. An osier basket. Brockett. 

North of England. 
To CRIB*, v. n. To be confined ; to be cooped up. 

Bp. Gauden. 
CRIMINA'LITY. [T.l n.s. This word is used to 
denote guiltiness, or the quality of being criminal, 
rather than " a criminal action, case, or cause," as 
defined by Mr. Todd. 
CROW-BAR. n. s. Commonly used in New Eng- 
land for what the English call a crow, or an iron 
crow. Pick. Vocab 



D. 

DA'DDLE*, dad'-dl. n. s. A colloquial expression in 

several parts of England for the hand. 
To DA'FFLE*. daf-fl. v. n. [probably from daf.J 
To betray loss of memory and mental faculty 
Brockett. 
To DAG*, dag. v. n. To drizzle. Brockett. 
DA'GLOCK*, dag'-ldk. n. s. A phrase in many 

places for the befouled lock of a sheep's tail. 
To DAMASKEEN, dam-as-keen', v. n. [damasqui- 
ner, Fr.] " To damask ; to inlay iron or steel with 
gold or silver, so as to form flowers, &c; practised, 
it is supposed, first at Damascus." Perry's Diet. 
To DA'NDER*, dan'-dur. v.n. To wander about, 

To talk incoherently. 
DA'NDY*, dan'-de. n. s. The modern abbreviation 
of Jack-a-dandy, which see : a word used in ridicule 
or contempt. ' See also Dandiprat. 
DANDY-COCK*, or HEN. n. s. Bantam fowls. 
DARD*, dard. n. 5. [dard, Fr.] What throws out, or 
casts forward, as a dart is thrown. Dr. Harris* 
Not now in use. 
DAUB*, dawb. n.s. Coarse painting j gross repre- 
sentation. Delany. 
To DA'VER*. v. a. To stun ; to stupify. Brockett 

To fade like a flower. Grose. 
To DAW*, daw. v. n. To thrive ; to mend } to recov 

er health". Grose. 
To DEAR* dere. v. a. To make dear. Formerly 

in use : we now say endear. Skelton. 
DECE'ITLESS*. de-seet'-lgs. a. Without deceit ; 

not deceiving. Bp. Hall. 
To DECRO'WN*, de-krd&n'. v. a. To deprive of a 

crown. Dr. Hakewill. 
To DEED. v. a. To give or transfer by deed. Webst 

Diet. Used only in conversation. Pick. Vocab. 
To DEFLE'CT*, de-flftkt'. v. a. To bend. Lord. 
To DEG* deg. v. a. [bea$an, Sax.] To sprinkle- 
Grose. 
DEGGY*. a. Foggy. Applied also to small rain. 
DEHONESTA'TION*, de-on-k-uV-sh&n. n. s. [de 
hnnestatus, Lat.] Discredit ; disgrace. Bp. Gauden, 
To DE'LUGE*, deT-luje. v. n. To become a deluge. 

Mara, of Montrose. 
DEMI'SSIVE*, de-m?s'-slv. a. Submissive; humble 
To DEN*, den. v. n. To dwell in a den. 
DEPE'RDlT*, de-per'-dlt. n. s. Any thing lost, or 

said to be lost. Paley. 
DEPI'LATORY*, de-pil'-a-t&r-e. a. Taking away 

hair. Chambers. 
DETRECABLE*, dep'-pre-ka-bl. a. [deprecabalis, 
Lat.] To be averted ; to be begged of. Ic6n Ba- 
silikk. 
To DEPRECIATE, v. n. To fall in value. Some- 
times used in this country as a verb neuter. Pick. 
Vocab. 
To DEPUTIZE, dep'-u-tlze. v. a. To depute. Webst. 
Diet. Sometimes used in New England, but un- 
authorized. Pick. Vocab. 
DERANGED. Often used in the United States for 

distracted, or insane. 
DESCRI'BABLE*, de-skrl'-ba-bl. a. That may be 
I described. Paley. 

1039 



DIS 



APPENDIX. 



ELM 



O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met;— pine, pin; 



2*0 DE'SECATE* deV-e-kate. v.a. [deseco, Lat.] 

To cut off; to cut away ; to mow. Cockeram. 
DESICCATIVE*, de-slk'-ka-tiv. n. s. A dryer; 
that which has the quality of absorbing moistures. 
Baron. 
DES1TION* de-z?sh'-fin. n. s. [desitus, Lat.] End. 
The Soul's Immortality, 1645. 

DESK. [/.] n. s. Sometimes used in New England 
to signify the pulpit. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vccab. 

DESPONDENTLY*, de-spdn'-dent-le. ad. Without 

hope. Barrow. 
To DESPU'MATE*, de-spu'-mate. v. a. To throw 

off. Cheyne. 
To DESS*, des. v. a. To cut a section of hay from 
the stack; to lay close together; to pile up in order. 
Grose. 

To DEVENU'STATE*, dev-e-nus'-tate. v. a. [de- 
vermsto, Lat.] To deface ; to despoil. Waterhouse. 

To DIABO LIFY* di-a-b&l'-e-fl. v. a. To ascribe 
diabolical qualities to. Farindon. 

DIALOGISTICAL*, dl-al-lo-jls'-te-kal. a. Speak- 
ing in dialogue. Icon. Lib. ' 

To DIB*, d?b. v. n. To dip. Barret. 

DIDACTICALLY*, de-dak'-te-kal-le. ad. In a pre- 
ceptive manuer. Bp. Andrewes. 

DFDDL1NG*, dld'-dl-lng. n. s. A word in many 
places applied in fondness to children. 

To DIFFICULT, v. a. To perplex; to render diffi- 
cult. Unauthorized. 

DIGE'STEDLY*, de-jest'-ed-le. ad. In a methodical 
and regular way. Life of Mede. 

To DIGITATE*, dfd'-je-tate. v. a. To point out as 
with a finger. Robinson. Not in use. 

To DIGLA DIATE*, de-gla'-de-ate. v. n. [digladi- 
or, Lat.] To quarrel ; to fence ; to fight. Hales. 

To DILL*, dil. v.a. [dilla, Icel.] To soothe ; to blunt; 
to silence pain or sound. Grose. 

To DILU'VIATE* de-lu'-ve-ate. v. n. [diluvio, 
Lat.] To run or spread as a flood. Sir E. San- 
dys. 

DIME, dime. n. s. A silver coin of the United States, 
of the value of ten cents. Webst. Diet. 

DIMFNISHER*, de-minMsh-ur. n. s. That which, 
or one who, impairs or lessens. Clarke. 

To DIPLO MATE*, de-plo'-mate. v. a. To invest 
with a privilege. 

DIPLO'MATIST*, de-pl6'-ma-tfst. n. $. One em- 
ployed or versed in affairs of state. 

DISCA'RDURE* d?s-kard'-yure. n. s. Dismissal. 
Haider. 

DISCO'MFORTABLENESS* dfs-k&m'-furt-a-bl- 
nh. n, s. State of being discomfortable. Abp. San- 

DISCO'NSOLACY*, d?s-k6n / -s6-la-se. n. s. The 

state of being disconsolate. Barrow. 
DISENCHA INTER*, dls-en-tshant'-fir. n. s. One 

who frees from the power of enchantment. Gaytoh. 
DISE'RT*. a. [diserfus, Lat.] Eloquent. MS.oflGOi, 

cited by Ward. Not in use. 
DISE'RTLY*. ad. Eloquently. Sir G. Buck. 
DISGUI'SEDLY*. ad. So as to be concealed. 
To DISHABI'LITATE*, dls-a-bu'-e-tate. v.a. To 

disqualify. A word now in common use. 
DISJE'CTION* dis-jek'-shfin. n. s. [disjectio, Lat.] 

A casting down. Bp. Horsley. 
To DISPA'RKLE*, d'te-par'-kl. v.a. To scatter 

abroad ; to disperse. Dr. Clerke. Not now in use. 
To DISPAUPER*, dls-paV-pur. v. a. To deprive 

of the claim of a pauper. Dr. Phillimore. 
To DISPRIVILEGE*, d'fs-prfv'-e-lldje. v. a. To 

deprive of a privilege. Jura, Cleri, &c. 1661. 
To DISREMEMBER. v. a. To forget. Common 

in the Southern States. Sherwood r s Gazetteer of 

Georgia. 
DISSE'CTIBLE*, dfs-sek'-te-bl. a. That may be 

dissected. Paley. < 

DISSE'RVICEABLY*, dis-ser'-v?s-a-ble. ad. So as 

to be injurious. Hacket. 
DISSOClABI'LITY*, dfs-so-she-a-bil'-e-te. n. s. 

Want of sociability. Dr. Brett. 
To DISTHRO'NE*, d?s-tfirone'. v.a. To dethrone. 

Smith. Not now in use. 



ToDIVE'RT* v.n. To turn aside ; to depart from 
the principal design of an argument or subject 
Philips. 
DO'CENT* a. [docens, Lat.] Teaching; instruct- 
ing. Abp. Laud. 
DOCKET, dbk'-h. n.s. A list of cases in court. 

Webst. Diet. 
To DODD*. v. a. To dodd sheep is to cut the wool 
away about their tails. Brockett. North of England 

DO'DDED*. a. Without horns : applied to sheep 
An abbreviation of doe-headed. Craven Dialect. 

DO DGERY*, dod'-jfir-e. n. s. Trick. Hacket. 

DOME'STICKS. [/] Used in New England instead 
of servants. The correlative, master, is seldom used 
here. Pick. Vocab. 
To DOOM. [J.] v. a. To tax at discretion. New 
England. Pick. Vocab. 

DOOMAGE, dSom'-idie. n. s. Fine or penalty. Late 

of N. Hampshire. Webst. Diet, 
To DOTE*, v.n. To decay; to wither; to impair. 
Bp. Howson. 

DO'WLY*. a. Melancholy; sad; applied to persons : 
lonely, to places. Grose. North of England. Some- 
times written and spoken daly. Dowled is also 
used in the north for fat, not brisk, as applied to 
liquor. 

DOWNCOME*, doun'-kum. n.s. A fall of rain; a 
fall in the market. Brockett. Craven Dialect. 

DO WNRIGHTNESS*, doun'-rlte-nes. n. s. Plain 
ness ; absence of disguise. Gomersall. 

To DRA'BBLE*. drab'-bl. v.a. [bpabbe, Sax.] 
To make dirty; to draggle. Minsheu. 

DREE*, a. Long in continuance; tedious. North of 
England. 

DRONISHNESS*, dr6'-n?sh-nes. n.s. Laziness 
inactivity. 

DU CTION* duk'-sh&n. n. s. [ductio, Lat.] Convey- 
ance ; leading. Feltham. 

DUD*, n. s. [dud, Gael.] A rag. North of England. 
Dudds are also clothes. West of England. 

To DUDDER*, dud'-dfir. v. a. To deafen with 
noise ; to render the head confused. Jennings. 

DUNCH*. a. Deaf. Grose, West of England. 

DU'NNISH*. a. Inclining to a dun colour. Ray. 

DU'RDUM*. n. s. A great noise, or uproar. Grose. 

DUTIABLE, du'-te-a-bl. a. Subject to duties or im- 
post. Marshall. Webst. Diet. Little used. Pick. Vocab. 

To DW1NE*. v. n. To faint ; to grow feeble; to pine. 
North of England. 

DY'NAMICKS*, dl-namMks. n. s. [Svvapts.] The 
science of mechanical powers. [That branch of 
mechanical philosophy which treats of the action of 
forces, when they give rise to motion. New Edin- 
burgh Encyclopedia.] 



E. 

EAGLE, n.s. A gold coin of the United States, of the 

value often dollars. Pick. Vocab. 
EA'SINGS*, e'-zlngz. n. s. pi. The eaves of houses. 

Grose. A northern word. Dung : as, cow's eas- 

ings. Craven Dialect. 
EATAGE*, e'-lidje. n, s. Food for horses and cattle 
. from the aftermath. See After-eatage. 
EA'VER*, or EE'VER*, e'-vfir. n. s. A corner or 

quarter of the heavens : as, The wind is in the rainj 

earer. Cheshire Gloss. 
EDUCATIONAL, a. Pertaining to education, 

Sometimes used in this country, and also in Eng • 

land. Dr. Green. Ch. Observer. Pick. Vocab. 
EFFI'GIAL* ef-fldje'-e-al. a. Exhibiting an effigy. 

Crit. Hist. Pamphlets. 
ELA TER*, e-la'-tfir. n. s. One who, or that which 

elates. Cudworth. 
E LLER*, el'-lar. n. s. [eller, Germ.] The alder tree. 

Craven Dialect. 
E'LLINGNESS*, eT-lfng-nes. n. s. Loneliness ; dul- 

ness ; cheerlessness. Henry VIII. 
E'LMEN*, el'-men. a. Of or belonging to elm ; 

made of elm. Jennings. 
1040 



EXO 



APPENDIX. 



FLA 



-n6, move, nor, n6t ;— tube, tfib, bull ;— Q>1 ;— pound ;— t) 



nn, THIS. 



E LOCUTIVE*,eT-o-ku-tiv.<r. [elocvtus, Lai.] Hav- 
ing the power of eloquent expression or diction. 

E LSEN*. See Elsin. 

EMBELLISHER*, fim-bll'-flsh-ftr. n.s. One who 
embellishes; one who graces with ornaments. 

To EMPHASIZE, eV-fa-slze. v. a. To pronounce 
with a stress of voice. Webst. Diet. 

EN ACTIVE*, en-ak -tiv. a. Having the power to 
establish or decree, Bp. Bramhall. 

EN I'CTMENT* en-&kt'-ment. n.s. The act of de- 
creeing or establishing by law. 

E'NDIRONS*, end'-l-urnz. n. s. p!. Irons on each 
side of the fire. North of England. See AND- 
IRONS. 

To EN DO'WER*, en-dofl'-ftr. v. a. To endow ; to 
enrich with a portion. Waterkouse. 

ENE'RGICAL*, e-neV-je-kal. a. Vigorous; active ; 
powerful in effect. Waterhouse. 

To ENFLE'SH*, en-flesh', v. a. To harden ; to es- 
tablish in any practice. Florio. 

ENGAGEDNESS, en-ga'-jed-nes. n.s. Earnestness; 
zeal. Ware. Used by divines. 

ENLISTMENT, or ENLISTMENT, n. s. The act 
of enlisting; the writing containing the terms of en- 
tering service and the names. Mr. Webster has 
inlistment ; but neither enlistment nor inlistment is 
in Johnson or Todd ; yet the former is in use in 
England : as, the British " Foreign Enlistment 

An;' 

To ENSA'FE*, en-safe 7 , v. a. To render safe. W. 

Bell. 
ENSNA'RER*, e'n-sna.re'-fir. n. s. One who ensnares. 

Hickeringhill. 
ENTHYMEMAT1CAL* en-the-me-mat'-e-kal. a. 

In the form of an enlhvmem. Tooker. 
To ENTRA'MMEL*, "en-tram'-mel. v. a. To catch ; 

to entangle ; to trammel. Hacket. 
ENTWTNEMENT*, en-twine'-ment. n. s. Union 3 

conjunction. Hacket. 
EQUTNAL*, e-kwi'-nal. a. Relating to a horse. 

Heijieood. 
ESH*. n i. Ash. Craven Dialect. 
E'SHLaR*, esh'-lar. n. s. [echeUr, Fr.] Ashlar ; 
stones walled in course by scale. Craven Dia- 
lect. 
ESS E'NTI ALNESS*, es-sen'-shal-nes. n. s. The 

state or qualitv of being essential. Ld. Digtnj. 
ESTRA'NGEDNESS*. gs-trane'-jed-nes. n.s. The 

slate of being estranged. Prynne. 
To ETCH*, v. n. To practise etching. Gilpin. 
EU'CTICAL*, yuke'-te-kal. a. [ri x ?i-] Containing 

acts of thanksgiving. Mede. 
EULOGIUM. n. s. This word is not in Johnson's 
Dictionar}-, nor has it been inserted by Todd ; 
but it is "found in Walkers Dictionary, and also 
in that of Fulton and Knight; and it is much 
used by both English and American writers. Pick. 
Vocab. 
EU'TAXY*, yir-tak-se. n. s. [e«ro|ia.] Established 

order. Waterhouse. 
To EVENTUATE, e-ven'-tshu-ate. n. n. To issue ; 
lo come to an end. Webst. Diet. Not authorized 
by good English writers. Pick. Vocab. 
EVINCIVE, e-vin'-slv. a. Tending to prove ; making 

plain. Webst. Diet. 
EXCHANGEABILITY,eks-lshanje-a-bu;-e-le. n. s. 
The quality of being exchangeable. Webst. Diet. 
Not in good use. Pick. Vocab. 
EXCITANT*, ek'-se-tant. a. [excitans, Lat.] Ani- 
mating ; stirring up. Bp. Nicholson. 
To E'XCITATE*, ek'-se-tate. v. a. [excito, Lat.] 

To stir up. Bacon. 
EXCU'LPABLE*, eks-k&l'-pa-ol. a. Capable of be- 
ing cleared from the imputation of blame or fault. 
Sir G. Buck. 
EXECUTIVE, n. s. The executive power ; the per- 
son, or persons, administering the government. 
Webst. Diet. This word is often used in this sense in 
America; and is sometimes so used in England. 
Edinburgh Review. Pick. Vocab. 
EXPOSEDNESS, Sks-po'-ze'd-ne*. n. s. The state 
of being exposed. 

131 



F. 

FA'CIENT*, fa'-shent. n.s. A doer ; one that does 
any thing, good or bad. Hacket. 

FA'CTORY. [J.] n.s. Commonly used in this coun 
try for what is usually called a manufactory in 
England; though factory has of late been, in soma 
instances, so used in that country. Pick. Vocab. 

FADE*, a. [Fr.] Faint ; insipid. Bp. Berke'.iy. 

FADGE*. n.s. [fagga, Swed.] A bundle, as of 
sticks. Craven Dicdect. 

To FAFF*. See7'oFuFF. 

FA'ILER*. See Failure. 

FALL. [J.] n.s. The autumn. This is one of the 
meanings given by Johnson to fall, yet it is said 
to be much less frequently thus used in England 
than in the United States. Pick. Vocab. 

FANTOM-CORN*. n. s. Lank, or light corn. North 
of England. Grose. 

FA'RANTLY*. a. Orderly; decent; respectable. 
Craven Dialect. Comely ; handsome. Ray. 

FA'RLIES*. n. s. Unusual, unexpected things 
Cumberland Dicdect. 

FA'RNTICLE*. See Ferxticles. 

FA'RO*. n. s. A game at cards. 

FA'RRAND*, or FA'RAND*. n. s. Manner ; cus- 
tom ; humour. Wilbraham's Cheshire Words. 
Grose. 

FARROW, a. Barren ; not bearing young : [a cor- 
ruption of fallow.'] Webst. Diet. Common in New- 
England. 

FA'SCICLE*. n. 5. [fasciculus, Lat.] A bundle ; a 
collection. Dr. Mayne. 

FA'VOURESS*. n. s. She who countenances, or 
. supports, or regards with kindness. Halcewill. Not 
used. 

To FAY*, v. a. [feia, Su. Goth.] To cleanse, as a 
ditch or a pond. Chesh. Gloss. To cast up ; to 
cleanse ; to remove earth. Craven Dialect. 

To FEAL*. v. a. [fel, Icel.] To hide ; to conceal. 
North of England. 

FE'ARFUL*. ad. Used adverbially in the North of 
England. 

FE'ASIBLE*. n. s. Whatever is practicable. Glan 
ville. 

FEDERALIST, led'-er-al-ist. n.s. One of apolitical 
party in the United States. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 

FELLOW-COUNTRYMEN. This tautological 
phrase has been considered by some an American- 
ism ; but it is not very uncommon in English writers. 
See Southei/, Edinburgh Revieir,&e. Pick. Vocab. 

FE'RETORY*, fer'-e-tur-e. n. s. [feretrvm, Lat.] 
A place in churches where the bier is set. Coles. 

FERNTICLES*. n. s. pi. Freckles on the skin re- 
sembling the seeds of the fern. Craven Dialect. 
Pronounced farnticles. 

To FE'TTLE*. v. a. To repair ; to mend any thing 
which is broken or defective. Cheshire Gloss. 

FE'TTLE*. n. s. Order ; good condition. Craven 
Dicdect. 

FE'VERLY*. a. Like a fever. Poem., 1652. 

FIBRFLLOUS*, fl-brfl'-lfis. a. Relating to the fibres 
Dr. Kinnier. 

FlDEJUSSION*.?7.s. [fdejussio,Laf] Sureliship 
the act of being bound for another. Farindon. 

To FIEST*. See To Foist. 

FINKLE*. n. s. [fmckle. Teut.] Fennel. Craven 
Dialect. 

FI'NNIKEN*. a. Trifling; idling. Moor's Suffolk 
Words. 

F1RK*. n. s. A stroke ; written also ferk ; but rarely 
used. 

FIRSTLY, ad. First ; in the first place . This unau- 
thorized word is frequently used in this country, and 
it has been in some instances used by English 
writers. Pick. Vocab. 

FISK, fisk. n. s. A publick treasury. Duponceau. 
Burke uses the word fisc with the same meaning. 
Pick. Vocab. 
To FLA'CKER*. v. n. [fliggeren,1 eut] To flut- 
ter as a bird. Grose. 

1M1 



GER 



APPENDIX. 



HAP 



[Q= 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m<k ; — pine, pm ; — 



To FLIRE*. See To Fleer. 

FLFRTIG1G*. n.s. A wanton, pert girl. Grose. 
ToFUTE*. v.n. [plyfcan, Sax.] To scold. Grose. 
To FLUR*. See To Flurry. 

FLU'SHNESS*. n. s. Freshness. Bp. Gauden. 
To FOIST*. if. re. To stink ; to be fusty. 

FOLKS. [J.] Dr. Johnson says of this word, that 
" It is now "used only in familiar or burlesque lan- 
guage ." It is perhaps more used in this country 
than in England, though it is here used chiefly as a 
colloquial word. It sometimes occurs in serious 
composition in English writers. " It is not unusual 
to say good people or good folks." Crabb's Syno- 
m/mes. Pick. Vocab. 

FOREHANDED, a. Thrifty; in good circumstances 
with regard to property. Much used in New Eng- 
land. 

FO'REIA n. s. [forelliis, Lat.] A kind of parch- 
ment; sheepskin dressed on one side only, common- 
ly for covers of account-books. 

To FO'RMILL*. v. a. To order. Craven Dialect. 

FOURFOLD, n. s. A quadruple assessment for neg- 
lect to make return of taxable estate. Connecticut. 
\ Vehsl. Diet. 

To FOURFOLD, v. a. To assess in a fourfold ratio. 
Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 

FO'UTER*: n. s. A despicable fellow. Brockelt. 

FRAM*. a. [framur, Icel.j Tender; brittle: written 
a\aofrem and fri?n. Craven Dialect. 

FRE'MMED*. fremd. a: [ppem'b, Sax.] Strange ; 
not related; foreign; uncommon. Grose. 

FRE'SHET. [J.] n. s. A flood of rivers from rain or 
melted snow. Webst. Diet. Dr. Belknap. Com- 
mon in New England; but not authorized by Eng- 
lish writers in this sense. Pick. Vocab. 

FRE'SHMENT*. n. s. Refreshment. Not in use. 
Cartwright. 

FRE'TTEN*. a. Rubbed; marked: as ; pock-fretten, 
marked with the smail-pox. 

FRO'LICKNESS*. n.s. Pranks; wildness of gayety; 
frolicksomeness. Bp. Gauden. 

FRO'ZENNESS*. n. s. State of being frozen. Bp. 
Gauden. 

FU'BBY*. a. Plump; chubby. Nichols. 

FU'DDLER*. n. s. A drunkard. Baxter. 

To FUFF*. v. n. [pfuffen, Germ.] To blow or puff. 
Brockett. 

FU'FFY*. a. Light and soft. Brockett. 

FUNE'BRIOUS*, fu-ne'-bre-us. a. [funebris, Lat.] 
Used at the ceremony of burying the dead. Mercu- 
■rius Rusticus , 1644. 

FU'SOME*. a. Handsome; neat; notable; tidy. 
Grose. 

FU'SSOCK*. n. s. A large, gross woman. Grose. 

To FUZZ*, v. a. To make drunk. A low word. 
See 7'oFuzzle. 

FU'ZZY*. a. Light and spongy. Craven Dialect. 
Written ahofozy by Brockett. 



G. 

GA'BY*, ga'-be. n.s. A silly, foolish person. See 

Gawby. 
iA'DABOUT*, gad'-a-bS&t. n. s. One who runs 

much abroad without business. A colloquial term. 
GA'FTY*, gaf'-te. a. Doubtful ; suspected. Chesh- 
ire. 
To GAITER*, v. a. To dress with gaiters. 
GALO'RE*. See Colore. 
G A'MMERSTANG*, gam'-m&r-stang. n. s. A great, 

foolish, wanton girl. A hoiden ; an awkward girl. 

Craven Dialect. 
GA'UMLESS*. a. Stupid; awkward; lubberly; 

senseless. North of England. 
To G A UVE*. v. a. To stare. Craven Dialect. 
GA'UVISON*. n. s. A weak, foolish fellow ; a silly, 

staring fellow. Grose. 
To GEE*, v. n. To fit ; to suit. Craven Dialect. 
GERSE*. n. s. [gers, gars, gras, Teut.] Grass. 

Grav&i Dialect, 



GHO'STLESS*. a. Without spirit; without life. R. 

Clarke. 
To GIRDLE, v. a. To make a circular incision 
through the bark of trees to kill them. Webst. Did. 
This word is common in America, but not in Eng- 

• land. Pick. Vocab. 

To GLENT*. v. n. [glenia, Icel.] To start aside ; 
to look aside. North of England. 

To GLIME*. v. n. To look out of the corner of the 
eye; to glance slyly. Brockett. 

To GLOTPEN*. v. a. To surprise ; to astonish 
North of England. 

GNAR*. n. s. A knot. 

GOTE*. n. s. A water passage; a channel for water. 
Grose. 

GOUGING, gou'-jlng. n. s. A barbarous mode of 
fighting, known by this name in some of the South- 
ern and South-western States. " It is performed 
by twisting the forefinger in a lock of hair near '.he 
temple, and turning the eye out of the socket with 
the thumb nail." Lambert's Travels. Pick. Vocab. 

GOVERNMENTAL, a. Relating to government. 
A word used by Mr. Belsham, an English historian 
and by American writers ; but unauthorized. Pick. 
Vocab. 

GRA'CELESSNESS*, grise'-les-nfe: n.s. Want 
of grace; profligacy. Dr. Favorer. 

GRADE. [T] " This word," Mr. Todd says in his 
first edition, " has been brought forward in some 
modern pamphlets, but it will hardly be adopted :" 
but in his second edition he says, " It is of modern 
introduction into our language : and yet the Saxon 
gjiabe, ??pab, was in use." Grade has been used 
by Sir Walter Scott, Mr. Southey, the Christian 
Observer, &c. Pick. Vocab. 

GRA'DELY*, grade'-le. ad. Well ; handsomely. 
Lancashire Dialect. Decently ; orderly, Craven 
Dialect. 

GRATJELY*. a. Decent; orderly. Cheshire. 

GRA'VIDATED*, grav'-e-da-led. part. a. [gravi- 
datus, Lat.] Great with young. Barrow. 

GROES*. re. s. pi. The northern word for what is 
elsewhere called graves. See Graves, plural of 
Grave. 

GUBERNATORIAL, gu-bur-na-t^-re-al. a. Relat- 
ing to a governour. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. Not 
used by English authors. 

To GUEST*, v. n. To be entertained in the house, 
or at the table of another. Heyivood. 

GUNNING, n.s. The act of hunting with a gun. 
Webst. Diet. Common in New England, and is 
found in Ash's Dictionary. Pick. Vocab. 



H. 

HA'BILE*. a. Qualified; fit for. Dr. Walker. Not 
in use. 

HACK. n. s. An abbreviation of hackney-coach 
Common in America; and so used by Steele, Spec 
tutor. No. 510. Pick. Vocab. 

To HA'FFLE*, haf r -fl. v. n. To speak unintelligibly 
to waver. Brockett. To prevaricate. Grose. 

7'oHAG*. v. a. To cut down. Craven Dialect. A 
corruption ofhack. 

HA'GGED*. a. Lean ; ugly ; like a hag. Gray. 

HAGHES*, or HAGUES* re.*, pi. [fiaegh, Teut.] 
Haws. Grose. 

HA'IRED*. a. Having hair. Ptirchas. 

To HAKE*, v.n. To sneak, or loiter ; to go about 
idly. Grose. 

HALE*, re. s. Pull ; violence in dragging. Usually 
written and pronounced haul. See Haul. 

HA LOW*, or HELOW*. a. Shy ; awkward ; bash- 
ful. Grose. 

HAP*, or HATPIN*, re. s. A rug; a coarse covers 
let. See Hap-harlot. 

HATPEN*, or HATPENS*. ad. Possibly ; per- 
haps. North of England. 

HAPPIFY1NG. part. a. Making happy. Morse* 
Rarely used. Pick. Vocab. 
1042 



HOS 



APPENDIX. 



INF 



-n6, move, nor, n&t ;— tube, tub, bull ; — fill ; — pound ;— thin, Tiiis 



HARNS*. n.s. pi. Brains. G,-ose. 

HASK*. a. Parched ; coarse ; rough ; dry. Grose. 

HA TTLE*. o. Wild; skittish. Grose. 

JbHAWK*. v.a. To expectorate with noise. Wisem. 

HE'ADILY*, hed-e-le. ad. Hastily; rashly; so as 
not to be governed. Henshaw. 

HEAP. [J.J n.s. Used in the Southern and Western 
States tor a great quantity or number : as, a heap of 
lime, a heap of pains, a lieap of dollars, &c. 

HE'ARTEDNESS*, hart'-<kl-nfs. n. s. Sincerity; 
warmth ; zeal : used in composition. Clarendon. 

HE'ARTSOME^L hart -sum. a. Merry; cheerful; 
lively. Brockett. 

HE ATFUL* hete'-ful. a. Full of warmth. Sylvester. 

HE'AVISOME* heV-e-sum. a. Dark; dull ; drowsy. 
Craven Dialect. 

To HEAVY*, r. a. To make heavy. Obsolete. 

HEAZY*. he'-ze. a. [hoese, Icel.] Hoarse; taking 
breath with difficulty. Wilbraham's Cheshire Gloss. 

To HEFT. v. a. To lift any thing in order to judge 
ot' its weight. Used by the illiterate in America; 
as also is the noun heft for weight, which is provin- 
cial in England. Pick. Vocab. 

HELP. «. s. A term used in New England for ser- 
vants or domesticks : generally applied to females. 
Pick. Vocab. 

HF/LTER*. n. s. The northern pronunciation of 
flatter. 

HE MMEL*, heW-mel. n. s. A hovel ; a shed or cov- 
ering for cattle ; a fold. Grose. Written also hemble. 

HE'PPEN* hep'-pen. a. [haephc, Sax.] Neat 3 de- 
cent; comfortable. Grose. 

HE'RONSHAW*. ( "' Sl See Herkshaw. 

To HE'RPLE*, or HFRPLE*, heV-pl. v. n. To 

limp in walking ; to go lame. Grose. 

HESITANT*, h§z'-e-tant. a. Pausing; wanting 
volubility of speech. 

HE'TTER*. a. Eager ; earnest ; keen. Grose. 

HINDERENDS*. ri.s. pi. Refuse of corn; such as 
remains after it is winnowed. North of England. 

HINGE*, a. Active; supple ; pliant. Cheshire Gloss. 

To HIPE*. v. n. To push with the head. Grose. 

HITPINS*, hip'-phiz. n.s. pi. Stepping stones over 
a brook. Craven Dialect. Children's cloths; a 
kind of towel ; a clout. North of England. 

ToHlRPLE*. See To Herple. 

To HI RSLE*. hey -si. v. n. To move about. Cra- 
ven Dialect. 

To HISK*. h?sk. v. n. To breathe short through cold 
or pain ; to draw the breath with difficulty. North 
of England. 

HIVES*, hivz. n. s. pi. Eruptions in the skin. North 
n f England. 

HO'ASED*. See Hoose. 

HO DDY*, h&d'-de. a. Well ; pleasant ; in good 
spirits. Grose. 

HO L LOW*, h&l'-l6. ad. He carried it hollow, that 
is. he gained the prize without difficulty. A collo- 
quial expression. Craven Dialect. 

HO LMEN*. a. Made of holm. West of England. 

To HO'LSTER*. v. n. To bustle ; to make a distur- 
bance. Grose. 

HOMINY, or HOMMONY, hom'-e-ne. n. s. Food 
made of maize broken, but coarse, and boiled ; or 
with the kernels unbroken, and the hull taken off. 
Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocal). A common food in the 
United States, particularly in the South and South- 
west. 

HO'PPET*. n. s. A basket. See Hopper. 

To HOPPLE*, v. a. To lie the feet or legs together. 
Grose. 

HO PvSEBR AMBLES*, hdrs'-bram-blz. n. s. pi. 
Briars; wild rose. Grose. 

HORSE-COLT. n. s. This term is used in America 
instead of colt ; as mare-colt is also used instead of 
filly. Pick. Vocab. 

HO'RSEKNOPS*, hSrs'-nops. re. s. pi. Heads of 
knapweed. Grose. 

HO'RSESTINGER*, hdrs'-stlng-fir. re. s. The dra- 

§on-flv. 
>STE*. n. s. Hoarseness. Craven Dialect. 



HOT*, n. $. A sort of basket to carry turf or slate in. 

Grose. 
HUB, or HOB. re. s. The nave of a wheel. Webst. 

Diet. It is also an English provincial word. Pick. 

Yon, I,. 
HU'FFINESS*, huf -fe-nes. n. s. Arrogance ; petu 

lance. 
HU'LET*. n. s. See Howeet. 
HURLY-BURLY*, a. Tumultuous. Shakspeare. 
To HU'STLE*. v. n. To shrug up the shoulders. 

Grose. 



I. 

To ILL*, v. a. To reproach. North of England and 
Scotland. 

ILLIMITA'TION* ll-lfm-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. What ad- 
mits of no certain determination. Bp. Hall. 

ILLI'TERAL*. a. Not literal. Dr. Dawson. 

ILLY. ad. A word sometimes used by American 

writers improperly for ill. Pick. Vocab. 
To IMBECI'LITATE*, Im-be-sil'-e-tifj. v.a. To 
weaken; to render feeble. Arthur Wilson. 

IME*. re. s. Rime. Craven Dialect. 

IMME'THODED*, fm-me^-ud-Sd. a. Not having 
method; without regularity. Waterhouse. 

IMMIGRANT, W-me-grant. n. s. One who removes 

into a country. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 
To IMMO ULD*, lm-mold 7 . v. a. To form ; to mould. 

G. Fletcher. 
To IMMU'TE*, im-mute'. v. a. [immuto, Lat.] To 
change ; to alter. Salkeld. 

IMPOLISHED*, im-p&l'-Isht. a. Unpolished; rude. 
T. Hudson. 

IMPOIITU'NER*. re. s. One who is importunate. 
Waterhouse. 

IMPO'VERISHER*. See E.mpoverisher. 

IMPRI'SONER*, Ira-prfz'-fin-ftr. re. s. One who 
causes another to be counned in prison. Claijlon. 

IMPROLFFICK*, Im-prd-llf-lk. a. Not prolifick j 
unfruitful. Waterhouse. 

To I MPROVE. [J.) v. a. [In New England.] To culti- 
vate ; to occupy ; to make use of; to employ. Webst. 
Diet. The use of this verb in these senses is com- 
mon in New England, and has been considered 
peculiar to it; but it is repeatedly so used ill Dr. 
AfCrie's Life of Knox. Pick. Vocab. 

INCINERATE*. In-sin'-er-ate. a. Burnt to ashes 
Bacon. 

INCLI'NABLENESS*, m-klV-na-bl-n&s. re. s. Fa 
vourable disposition. Brady. 

INCOMMODA'TION* m-kom-mo-da'-shun. n. s 
Inconvenience. Armot. on Glanm/le. 

mCOMMD'DEMENT*, In-kdm-m6de'-me , nl. re. s 
Inconvenience. Cheyne. 

INCOMPA / SSION*,ln-k6m-pash / -fln. re.*. Want 
of compassion or pity. Bp. Sanderson. 

INCOMPA'SSION ATENESS* im-kdm-pash'-fin 
ate-n6s. 11. s. Want of tenderness or pity. Grower. 

UNCONFORMABLE*, Jn-k&n-form'-a-bl. a. Not 
complying with the practice of others, or with es- 
tablished rules. Heylin. 

INCONTA'MINATE*, in-kdn-tam'-e-nale. a. Not 
contaminated ; not adulterated ; genuine. Hacket 

INDEFATIG ABFLIT Y* m-de-fat-e-ga-hfi'-e-le 
n.s. Unweariness. Life of Bp. Andrewes. 

To INDENTURE* fn-den'-tshure. v.n. To run nj 
and out; to indent. Heywccd. 

INDIAN-MEAL. n.s. Indian-corn meal. See Corn. 

INDISCE'RPIBLENESS* ia-dis-seVp/-e-bl-n&. 
n. s. The quality or stale of being indiscerpible. 
Annot. on Glanville. 

INDO'MITE*. a. [indomitus, Lat.] Untamed 3 wild ; 
savage. Salkeld. 

INEXECUTION. n. s. Neglect of execution or per- 
formance. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 

INE'XORABLENESS*, in-eks'-o-ra-bl-nes. n. s 
The state of being inexorable. Chillingworth. 

INFE'RNALLY*, ?n-feV-nal-le. ad. In a detestable. 
and infernal way, Hacket. 
1043 



JOR 



APPENDIX. 



KNO 



O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat 5 — me, mh ;— pine, pin ; — 



To INFREQUENT*, hi-fre-kwent'. v. a. Not to 
frequent; to desert. A. Wood. 

INFRIPGAL*, in-fr&'-g&l. a. Not frugal; extrava- 
gant ; careless. Goodman. 

INGLO'RIOUSNESS*, in-glo'-re-us-nes. n. s. State 
of being inglorious. Bp. Gauden. 

INGRATELY*, In-grate'-le. ad. Ungratefully. 
Sylvester. 

PNSClENCE^fn'-she-^nse. n.s. [Fr.] Ignorance ; 
unskilfulness; want of knowledge. Cockeram. 

To INSE'NSE*, in-sense'. v. a. To instruct ; to in- 
form ; to infuse sense into the mind of a person ; to 
make to understand. Grose. 

To INSTA'URATE §*,ni-stav/-rate.i,\a. [instauro, 
Lat.] To reform ; to repair ; to supply with im- 
provement. Smith. 

INSTITUTIONAL* fn-sle-uV-shun-al. a. Elemen- 
tal. This is the word of modern times, instead of 
institutionanj . 

INSULARITY, n. s. The situation of an island, or I 
state of being an island. Used by some American 
writers. Pick. Vocab. 

INSURRECTIONAL, In-sfir-reV-shun-al. a. Per- 
taining to an insurrection. Webst. Diet. 

INTERESTED*, ?nMer-£st-eU a. Having regard 
to private profit. Arbuthnot. 

To INTERFO'LIATE*, In-tur-f6'-ie-ate. v. a. To 
interleave. Evelyn. 

INTE'RMINABLENESS^ni-ter'-mm-a-bl-ngs.ra.s. 
State of being interminable ; endlessness. Annot. 
on Glanville. 

INTERSPACE*, nV-ter-spase. n. s. Intervenient 
space. Hacket. 

INTERVAL, or INTERVALE, n. s. Low ground 
between hills, or on the banks of rivers, called also 
bottom-land. Webst. Diet. See Bottom-Lands. 
Common in New England. Pick. Vocab. 

To INU'RE*, in-ure'. v. n. To come into use or 
power ; to have effect. Bp. of Norwich. 

To INVFGOUR*, In-vig'-ur. v. a. To invigorate; 
to animate ; to encourage. Waterhoiise. 

INVIRI'LITY* lu-ve-ril'-e-te. n.s. Absence of man- 
hood; departure from manly character. Prynne. 

IRE'NICAL*, l-ren'-e-kiil. a. Pacifick; desirous of 
peace. 

IRRETREG ABLENESS* lr-reT'-re-e£-bl-nes. n. s. 
Force above confutation, Annot. on Glanville. 

IRREPEALABILITY, ir-re-pe-la-bll'-e-te. n. s. 
The quality of not being repealable. Webst. Diet. 
Not in use. Pick. Vocab. 

IRREPE'ALABLE* ir-re-pe'-la-bl. a. Not to be re- 
pealed. 

IRREPE'ALABLY*. ad. So as not to be repealed. 
Bp. Gauden. 

1RREPTI T1GUS*, Ir-rep-uW-us. a. Crept in ; pri- 
vately introduced. Dr. Castell. 



JA'BBER*. n. s. Garrulity ; prating. Bp. Fleet- 
wood. 
JACKADANDY*, jak-a-dan'-de. n. s. A little, im- 
pertinent fellow. Generally used in contempt. 
See Dandifrat. 
JAG. [J.] n. s. A small load. New England. Pick. 
Vocab. Mr. Todd, in his second edition, adds to the 
definition of this word, " a small parcel of any 
thing ; a small load of hay or corn." Grose. 
J A'RSEY*. n. s. See Jersey. 

JA'SEY*. n. s. [corrupted from jarseij or jersey.] A 
worsted wig, and in some places a colloquial term 
for a wig. 
To JEOPARDIZE, jep'-ur-dlze. v. a. To expose to 
danger; to hazard. Used in America, but not by 
good writers in England. Pick. Vocab. 
JPMMY*. a. See Jemmy. 

JOINTRESS*, jolnt'-res. n.s. A wife upon whom 

an estate is settled to be enjoyed after the death of 

her husband. Aubrey. 

JO'RUM*. n. s. A colloquial term in several parts of 



England for a bowl or drinking vessel with liquor 

in it. 
JO'SEPH*. n. s. A riding coat or habit for women 

with buttons down to the skirts. Formerly much 

in use. 
To JOUNCE*, jSuns. v. a. To shake ; to jolt. Grose 

Used also as a substantive for a jolt or shake. 
To JOUP*. v. a. To shake up; to dash. Grose. 
JUDICIARY, n. s. That branch of governmc 

which is concerned in the determination of suits. 

Webst. Diet. It is in common use in this country 

as a substantive, like executive. 
To JUG*, v. a. To call or bring together by a par 

ticular sound. Bp. Gauden. 
To JU'GGLE*. r. a. To effect by artifice or tnck 

to deceive. Shakspeare. 
JUSTIFICATORY* ius-tlf-e-ka-tur-e. a. Vindi 



**>J 
calory ; defensory. Johnson 



K. 

KALEIDOSCOPE, k&-U'-d6-sk6pe. n. s. [ Ka \is, 

eISos, and cKoiriu).] An optical instrument, invented 
by Dr. Brewster, for the purpose of creating and 
exhibiting an infinite variety of beautiful colours 
and perfectly symmetrical forms. New Edinburgh 
Encyclopedia. 

KA'ZARDLY*. a. Unlucky; liable to accident 
North of England. 

KE'CKER*. n. s. The gullet. A provincial term. 

KEDGE*, kfidje. ) a. Brisk ; lively. Ray. Suf- 

KE'DGY*, ked'-je. \ folk in England. 

To KEEK*, v. n. To peep; to look pryingly. Brock- 
et. 

KE'ELER*, or KE'ELMAN*. n. s. One who works 
in the management of barges or vessels : the old 
word is keeler ; the modern, keelman. Brockett. — 
Keeler, a shallow tub. Ray. 

KEEPING-ROOM. n. s. A parlour. A provincial 
term of New England. Pick. Vocab. 

KEEVE*. n. s. A large vessel to ferment liquors in. 
G?-ose. A large tub or vessel used in brewing ; a 
mashing-tub. Jennings. 

To KEEVE*. v. a. To put the wort in a keeve for 
some time to ferment. Jennings. To overturn or 
lift up a cart, so as to unload it all at once. Ray. 

KELK*. n. s. A blow. Grose. Large, detached 
stones. Craven Dialect. 

To KELK*. v. a. To beat heartily. Brockett. 

KE'NMARKED*. )part. a. Marked or branded so 

KENSPECKED*. S as to be known; blemished. 
Grose. North of England. 

To KEP*. v. a. To catch. Grose. 

KE'SLOP*. n. s. The stomach of a calf prepared 
for rennet; the substance used in curdling milk. 
Grose. 

KE'STREL*. a. Like a kestrel; base. Spenser. 
Obsolete. 

RET*, n. s. Carrion ; any sort of filth. Brockett. 

KE'TTY*. a. Filthy ; dirty ; worthless. Grose. 

KEYCO'LDNESS*. n.s. Want of animation, or ac- 
tivity. 

To KILT*, v. a. To tuck up ; to truss up the clothes. 
Brockett. 

To KINK*, v. n. To labour for breath, as in the 
hooping cough. Ray. 

KINK*, n. s. A fit of coughing, or a convulsive fit of 
laughter. Grose. 

To KITCHEN*, v. a. To use thriftily. Grose. 

KFTTLISH*. a. Ticklish. Grose. 

To KI'ZEN*, or KI'ZZEN*. v. n. To parch ; to dry- 
up. Grose. 

KNA'CKISH*. a. Trickish ; knavishly artful. 
More. 

KNA'CKISHNESS*. n. s. Artifice ; trickery 
More. 

KNA'CKY*. a. Handy; haying a knack. Suffolk. 
Cunning; crafty. Berwickshire. 

To KNOB*, v. n. To bunch out; to grow into knobs 
Kersey. 

1044 



LIS 



Atr'hji^xjiA. 



ME A 



-116-, move, ndr, n6tj-t6.be, tftb, bull;— 611;— pound;— tli'm, Tfti 



L. 



LA'CHES*. 7i. s. pi. Boggy places. Craven Dialect. 
To:' ' 
tcootf. 



Xb LAG*, u.0. To slacken j to move slowly. Heij- 



To LAIK*, See To Lake. 

LA/1TER* or LA'WTER*. n.«. The whole quan- 
tity of eggs which a hen lays before she incubates. 
Brockett. 

LA'MISH*. a. Not quite lame; hobbling. A. Wood. 
To LANDSCAPE*, v. a. To represent in landscape. 

Iloli/day. Not in use. 
LANG*, a. The word in the North of England for 

Umg. L/zngsome also for longsome, tedious. 
LA NGSETTLE*. n. s. A long bench to sit on. 

North of England. 
LANT*. n.s. The old name for the game of loo. 
v Urine. Brockett. 
LA'PSTONE*, lap'-stone. n. s. A cobbler's stone on 

which he hammers his leather. Brockett. 
LATERI TIOUS*, lat-e-rish'-Os. a. Resembling 

brick. Cheyne. 
LAVE*, n. s. The remainder or leaving. Grose. 
LEANTO, leen'-too. n. s. The part of a building 
which appears to lean upon another. Webst. Diet. 
Pick. Vocab. It is in Mason's Supplement, where it 
is called an architectural term. 
LEARNEDNESS*, leV-ned-nes. n. s. Stale of being 

learned. Abp. Land. 
LE'ENY*. a. See Leant. 
LEET*. a. Our northern word for light. 
LENGTHY, ]hig'-the. a. Long ; lengthened 5 extend- 
ed ; prolix. Webst. Diet. This word has been very 
common in the United States, particularly in con- 
versation ; but it has been much ridiculed by Amer- 
icans, as well as by Englishmen; and it is now 
very rarely used by writers of any authority. Pick. 
Vocab. It has been lately used by some respecta- 
ble English writers. See Quart. Rev. vol. xxix. p. 
299; British Critick, vol. iv. p. 312; Blackwood's 
Magazine, vol. iv. p. 745 ; and Lord Byron's Letter 
in Otter's' Life of Dr. E. D. Clarke, p. 439. 
LE NNOCK*, leV-nok. a. Slender; pliable. Lan- 
cashire Gloss. 
LENS. (J-] The definition of this word in the Dic- 
tionary is defective. Lenses are of different varie- 
ties, and not all of them " spherically convex on 
both sides." See New Edinburgh Encijclopedia. 
vol. xiv. p. 638. 
LENT*, a. Slow ; mild. B. Jonson. Not in use. 
LETCH*, n. s. A vessel to put ashes in, to run water 
through, for the purpose of making washing lie. 
Rail. A long, narrow swamp, in which water 
moves slowly among rushes and grass. Brockett. 
LEVA'NTER*, le-van'-lur. n. s. A strong easterly 
wind, so called by the sailors in the Mediterranean. 
A colloquial expression applied to one who bets at 
a horse-race, and runs away without paying the 
wagers he has lost. 
LICENTIA'TION*, H-sen-she-a'-shun. n.s. The act 

of permitting:. Freeman. Not in use. 
LICK, or SALT-LICK. n. s. " A salt spring is called 
a tick, from the eaith about it being furrowed out 
in a most curious manner by the buffalo and deer, 
which lick the earth on account of the saline parti- 
cles with which it is impregnated." Imlay's Topog. 
Descrip. Western Territory N. A. Pick. Vocab. 
LIEFTE'NANT*. 7*. s. See Lieutenant. 
LI'KELY. [./.] a. Used often in New England to 
denote sensible; intelligent; possessed of moral 
worth. Not so used in England. Pick. Vocab. 
To LILT*. q. n. To do any thing cleverly or quick- 
ly. Pegge. To jerk; to rise in the gait or song. 
Craven Dialect. 
LINCH*. n. s. A ledge ; a rectangular projection. 

Jennings. 
LI'NGEL*. n. s. See Lingle. 
LFNGY*. a Limber. Grose. Tall; flexible. Cra- 
ven Dialect. Active; strong; able to bear fatigue. 
Brockett. 
LISH*. a. Stout; active; strong j nimble. Grose. 



LISTER, nV-tftr. n. s. One who receives and make* 
returns of ratable estates. Connecticut. Webst. Diet. 

To LOAN. [T] v.a. To lend. Webst. Did. Pick. 
Vocab. This word is often used in the United 
Slates. Mr. Todd has inserted it, but says of it, 
that it is " not now in use." 

LO'ANING*. n.s. See Lone and Lonnin. 

LOCA'TION. [J.J " The act of designating or sur- 
veying and bounding land ; the tract so designated." 
Webst. Diet. This word is used in the United 
Slates in a sense not authorized by the English 
dictionaries. Pick. Vocab. 

To LO'LLOP* loK-ldp. w. n. To move heavily ; to 
walk in a heavy, lounging manner ; to lean idly J 
and in a general sense, to idle. Brockett. A low word 

LONE* ) 

I O'NNIN* I n ' s ' ^ ur Northern words for a lane. 

LO'NGSOMENESS*, l&ng'-sum-nes. n. s. Tedious- 
ness. Hist. Conformity. 

LOT. [/.] A share or division of land; a fiek\.Websf.. 
Diet. Hence a house-lot, a shop-lot, &c. Not 
used in this sense in England. Pick. Vocab. 

To LOT upon. v. To anticipate with fondness or de- 
sire. Used colloquially in New England. 

LOUND*. a. See Lownd. 

LO'UTISHNESS*, l6ut / -?sh-ne , s. n. s. Clownish- 
ness ; behaviour of a bumpkin. World of Wonders. 

LO'WERY* ldu'-ur-e. a. Threatening to be wet or 
stormy ; overcast. Brockett. 

LUDIBRIOUS*, lu-dlb'-re-us. a. Ridiculous. 
Tooker. 

LU'MBER. [/.] Timber in general ; but chiefly 
small timber, as boards, staves, hoops, scantling, 
&c. Webst. Diet. Not common in this sense in 
England ; but used in the United States and in the 
British American colonies. 

LUNGE*. See Longe. 

LUPINE*, lu'-pin. a. Like a wolf. Bp. Gauden. 

LU'RRY*, lur'-re. n. s. A crowd ; a throng ; a heap 
World of Wonders. 



M. 

MACK*, n. s. [a corruption oimake, in the North of 
England.] A sort ; a kind ; a fashion. 

ToMA'DDLE^mad'-dl. y.ri. To forget; to wander 5 
to be in a kind of confusion. Brockett. 

MA'MMERING* mam'-mur-W. n. s. Confusion 5 
amazement; hesitation. World of Wonders. 

To MANCH*, or To MUNCH*. See ToMounch. 

MANG*. n. s. A mash of bran or malt. Grose. Bar- 
ley or oats ground wilh the husks. Brockett. 

MANUFACTORY*, a. Engaged in workmanship; 
employed in any manufacture. Lord. 

MARE*. Used for more in the North of England. 

MAROON, ma-roou'. n. s. A free negro, or a run- 
away negro, living in the mountains in the West 
Indies. Webst. Did. 

MA'RTYRLY 7 *, mar'-tfir-le. a. Like a martyr. 
Gavden. 

MA'SKERED*, mas'-kfird. a. Decayeu. See Mos 

KERED. 

MA'TCHER*, matsh'-Or. n.s. One who matches 01 
joins. 

MATJLGRE*. ad. Maugre, so written by Spenser. 

MAUM*. } 

MAU'MISH*. )>a. Soft; mellow; rotten. L' Estrange 

MAU'MY*. ") 

ME'ADOW. [/.] In New England this word means 
exclusively grass land, which is moist, and subject 
to be overflowed, in distinction from upland ; and 
hay that is obtained from such lands is called 
meadow hay ; while that obtained from uplands is 
called English hay. In England the word meadow 
is used in a more unrestricted manner. Pick. Vocab. 

ME'AGER. [«/.] a. Concerning this word, which is 
often spelled meagre, Mr. Todd remarks, u The 
Saxon language has both maegep. and mae£pe : 
the writers, therefore, of meager or meagre are both 
justifiable." 
To MEAN*, v.n. To moan; to lament. Brockett. 
1045 



]NAR 



APPENDIX. 



OFF 



03= 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pli 



ME'DECIN*, med'-e-sin. n. s. A physician. Not in 

use. See Medicine. 
ME'ETERLY*. ad. See Meterly. 
ME'RCHANDABLE*, merMshan-da-bl. a. That 
may be transacted by traffick. Hacket. 

ME'RCHANT. [J.] n. s. Johnson defines this word 
as follows: — "One who trafficks to remote coun- 
tries; a ship of trade." — Shopkeeper he thus de- 
fines; — " A trader who sells in a shop ; not a mer- 
chant, who only deals by wholesale." In the inte- 
riourof New England, it is very common to call a 
country trader, a retailer, or shopkeeper, a mer- 
diant. 

ME'RRY*. n, s. The common wild red cherry. 

ME'SSAGE. [J.] n. s. This word is used in Ameri- 
ca, in a technical sense, to denote a communication 
made by the president of the United States to 
congress, on the state of publick affairs. See An- 
swer in the Appendix. 

MET*, n. s. A measure. Grose. 

ME'TERLY*. ad. Moderately. Westmoreland Dia- 
lect. Tolerably well; within bounds. Brockett. 

MFNACER*. n. s. A threatener. 

MFNACY*. n.s. Menace; threat. Hacket. Obsolete. 

MINATO'RIALLY* inm-a-t^-re-al-le. ad. With 
threats. Hacket. 

To MING*, v. a. To mingle ; to mix. To remind ; to 
mention ; to call to remembrance. Bp. Hall. 

To MFRACLE*, mlr'-a-kl. v. n. To work a mira- 
cle. Hales. Not in use. 

MFSCELLANE*, or MFSCELLEN*. a. Various ; 
mixed. Hacket. 

MFSLE*. n. s. Small, misty rain. In the Craven 
Dialect, mislin. 

To MISME'ASURE*, mls-mezh'-ure. v. a. To 
measure incorrectly. Young. 

To M1SRECETVE*, mfs-re-seev'. v. a. To receive 
amiss, or improperly. Waterhouse. 

To MISSE'ND* mis-send', v. a. To send amiss, or 
incorrectly. 

To MISSIONATE, mish'-un-ate. v. n. To perform 
the services of a missionary. An unauthorized 
word, sometimes used in America. Pick. Vocab. 

MFSTRESSPIECE*, mis'-tres-peese. n. s. Chief or- 
nament ; capital distinction, as applied to a woman. 
Lord Herbert. 

To MISYO'KE*, mfs-y6ke'. v. a. To yoke improp- 
erly. Milton. 

MIZZLE*, miz'-zl. n.s. Small rain. See Misle. 

MOCCASON, or MOGGASON, mog'-ga-sun. n.s. 
A shoe of soft leather, without a stiff sole, ornament- 
ed round the ankle. Webst. Diet. An Indian word. 
Pick. Vocab. 

To MO-'NEY*. v. a. To supply with money. Tyn- 
dal. Obsolete. 

MOORAGE*, mooV-aje. n.s. Station where to 
moor. Olitt Sacra. 

MO'PSICAL*, mop'-se-kal. a. That cannot see well ; 
mope-eyed. Coles. Stupid; delirious. Gauden. 

MO'SKERED*, mos'-kurd. a. Rotten; decayed. 
Granger. 

MOTIVITY, mo-uV-e-te. n.s. The quality of being 
Influenced by motives ; the power of producing mo- 
tion. Dr. Divight. Not in use. 

MUCK*, a. Moist ; wet. Grose. 

MUN*, or MUNS*. n. s. A vulgar term for the 
mouth. 

MLRMURA'TION*, mur-mnr-a'-shfin. n. s. [mur- 
muratio, Lat.] A low sound; the act of murmuring, 
or muttering. 

MUSH. n. s. Food of maize, flour and water boiled. 
(Local.) Webst. Diet. Used, in some of the South- 
ern States, for the same thing that in the Northern 
States is called hasty pudding. Pick. Vocab. 



N. 

JXA'GGY*. a. Contentious ; disposed to quarrel. 

North of England. 
To NA'RROW*. v. n. To be diminished with 



respect to u readlh ; to grow narrow. [In farriery.] 
A horse i? said to na.~~cw, when he does not take 
ground enough, and does not bear far enough out 
to the one hand or the other. Farrier's Diet. 

NARROWER*, nar'-r6-ur. n. s. The person or 
thing which narrows or contracts. Coelebs. 

NA'SCENCY*, naV-sen-se. n. s. [nascens, Lat.] Pro 
duction. A/mot. on Glanrille. 

NA'SUTE*. a. [nasutus, Lat.] Critical ; nice ; cap 
tious. Bp. Gauden. 

NATIONALITY. [T.] The definition given by 
Mr. Todd to this word is, " national character,;' 
but it is used rather to denote partiality or attach- 
ment to one's nation or country . 

NATJSCOPY*, naws'-ko-pe. n.s. [vavs and aconm.] 
The art of discovering the approach of ships, or 
the neighbourhood of Janets, at a considerable dis- 
tance. Maty. 

NAUSEA'TlON*, naw-she-a'-sh&n. n.s. The act ol 
nauseating. Bp. Half. 

NEARSPGHTED*, neer-sl'-ted. a. Shortsighted ; 
applied to one who distinguishes objects only which 
are near. 

To NESH*. i'.fl. To render weak; to soften injuri- 
ously. Not in use. 

NEWFA'NGLE*. or NEWFA'NGLIST*. n. s. 
One desirous of novelty. Tooker. 

NFGGLER*, nig'-gl-ur. n.s. One who is clever and 
dexterous. Grose. 

NOB*, n. s. The head, in ridicule. A low word. 

NOE'TICK*, n6-et'-lk. a. [i^riKfr.l Intellectual ; 
transacted by the understanding. Waterhouse. 

NO'MAD*. n. s. A wandering tribe or party. San- 
dys 



NO'NNY* 



The same as ninnn 



NOTICEABLE, n6'-tls-a-bl. a. That may be ob- 
served. Webst. Diet. This has been thought to be 
an Americanism ; but, though it is not in the English 
dictionaries, it has been used by English writers. 
See Quart. Rev. vol. xxv. p. 559. Pick. Vocab. 

To NO'TIFY. [J.] This word, which signifies to 
make known, is improperly used in the United 
States in the sense of to inform : as, to notify a per- 
son of a thing, instead of the proper English use, 
to notify a thing to a person. Pick. Vocab. 



O'ASIS*, tV-a-sls. n. s. A fertile spot surrounded by 
an arid desert. A word adopted by modern orien- 
tal travellers, and coming into general use. 

OBLA'TIONER*, db-la'-shun-fir. n. s. One who 
makes an offering as an act of worship or rever 
ence. More. 

To OBLIGATE. [J.] This word is frequently used- 
in the United States. It is in Johnson's Dictionary, 
but not now in approved use in England. Pick. Vorab. 

OBNO'XIOUS. [«/.] This word is often used in the 
United States in the sense of odious, offensive, nox- 
ious, disagreeable. Pick. Vocab. Though there are 
some English authorities in favour of this use of it, 
as Burke, Pitt, and the Quarterly Review, yet it is 
not authorized by the dictionaries, and it has been 
censured by English criticks. Mr. Crabb, however, 
considers obnoxious and offensive as synonymous 
words. 

OBSCU'RER*, 6b-skure ; -ur. n. s. Whatever or 
whoever obscures. Lord. 

To OBSTU'PIFY*, 6b-stu'-pe-fl. v. a. To render 
stupid. Annot. on Glanville. 

O'CCURSE*, ok'-kfirse. n. s. [occursus, Lat.] Meet- 
ing. Burton. 

OCHLOCRATY*, 6k-l&k'-ra-te. n.s. [dxXoKpana.] 
Government by the mob. Doicning. 

OCTOGENA'RIAN*, &k-t6-je-na/-re-an. n.s. [octo- 
geni, Lat.] One who is eighty years of age. 

OTFSET. [J.] n. s. Much used by American law- 
yers, instead of the English term set-off ' : it is also 
very common, in popular language, in the sense of 
an equivalent. Pick. Vocab. 
104fi 



PHR 



APPENDIX. 



PRE 



-mS, move, n6r, nfttj — tube, nT* 1 > , bftll 5 — 611 ; — pd&nd ; — <Ai 



OMILE TICAL* &m-e-leV-e-kal. 0, MiW 3 humane ; | 
friendly. Farindon. See Homiletical, 

- 1'EAD*, <W-sted. n. s. A single farm-house. 

OPITAR1 'USLY*. 6-p?p'-a-r&s-le. ad. Sumptuous- 
ly; abundantly. Walerhouse. 

TVOPPORTU'NE*. v.a. To suit. Dr. Clarke. Not 
in use. 

CPPROBRY^V-pro-bre. «•*• Opprobrium. John- 
son, 

OPPU'GNANT*, dp-pug'-nant. a. Opposing ; resist- 
ing; repugnant. Darcie. 

To OSCITATEjOs'-se-tate; v. n. To yawn: to gape. 
Johnson in the definition of To Yawn. Perry. 

To OSS*, v. n. To offer; to try; to essay; to set 
about any thing. North of England. 

O UMER*. re. s. [ombre, Fr.] The shade. Grose. 

O DSEN*. re. ,-. Oxen. G/-os<?. 

7'o OUTBU'RN*. u. a. To exceed in burning or 
flaming. Young. 

O'UTER*, out'-iV. re. s. Dispossession. Clayton. 

To OUTFE AT*, o&t-ieet'. v. a. To surpass in ac- 
tion or exploit. Walerhouse. 

O'UTING*. 6ftt / -ing. re. s. A going from home. 
Cheshire Dialect. An airing. Craven Dialect. 

To QUTNA'ME*. dfil-name'. v.a. To exceed in 
naming or describing. Beaumont and Fletcher. 

To OUTSFN*, out-sln'. v. a. To sin beyond. Kil, 
lingbeck. 

OYER, for under : as, "He wrote over the signature 
of Junius.'' An unwarrantable innovation, still 
countenanced by a few American writers. Pick. 
Vocab. 

O'VERLINESS*, 6'-vur-le-nes. re. s. Carelessness; 
superficialness. Walerhouse. 

OVER-TE'DIOUS*, o-vur-te'-de-Gs.. or d-vur-te'-je- 
Qs. a. Too slow ; too tedious. Donne. 



P. 

PA'CKMAN*, pak'-man. n. s. A pedler ; one who 
carries a pack on his back. Brockett. 

PA LED*, a. [In heraldry.] Striped. Spenser. 

To PA'LSY*, palf-ze. v.a. To strike, as it were, 
with the palsy ; to paralyze. 

PAPPOOS, or PAPPOOSE, pap-p65s'. n. s. The 
Indian name for a child. Websl. Diet. Pick. Vocab. 

PA RADIGMA 'TICAL* par-a-d?g-maf-e-kal. a. 
Exemplary. More. 

PA'RADISED*. a. Having the delights of paradise. 

PARAGRAPHICAL*, pdr-a-graf-e-kal. a. Denot- 
ing a paragraph. Crutwell. 

PA'RLISH*. See Parlous. 

PA'RRACK*, par'-rak. )n. s. [pajipuc, Sax.] A 

PA'RROCK*. par'-rok. S croft ; a small field : what 
is now corrupted into paddock. Westmoreland Dialed. 

PASSAGE. [J.J re. s. This word is often used in the 
United States lor the substantive passing : as. " Be- 
fore the question was taken on the passage of the 
bill," »fec. MarsJiall: it has been criticised by the 
English reviewers as an American innovation. 
Pick. Vocab. 

PA'TROOINY*, pat'-r6-s?n-e. re. s. Patronage ; sup- 
port. Waterhouse. Formerly much in use. 

To PEER*, peer. v. a. To make equal ; to make of 
the same rank. Heylin. 

To PEFF*, pef. v. n. To cough short and faintly, as ' 
sheep. Grose. 

PE'NDULE*, pen'-dule. re. s. A pendulum. Evelyn. 

Tu PERA'CT*, peY-akl'. v.a. To perform; to prac- 
tise. Not in use. 

To PERT*, p^rt. t>. re. To behave with pertness j to 
be saucy. Bp. Gauden. 

PERUVIAN Baric*. See Bark. 

To PET*. tJ. re. To take offence ; to be in a slight 
passion. Feltham. 

PETULCOUS*, pe-t&l'-kfis. a. Wanton; frisking. 
Cane. Not in use. 

.PHRENOLOGY*, fre-n&l'-6-je. n. s. foorjv and 
Xdyoj.J The science of cerebral pathology j crani- 



ology. A word of recent introduction into our Ian- 

I'lliV.'OSOPIlISM, fe-l«V-6-f?zm. n. s. The love or 
practice of sophistry. Wehst. Diet. 

PHlLOSOPIUST,ie-l6s'-6-fist. n.s. One who prac- 
tises sophistry. Websl. Diet. This word, together 
with the preceding, was introduced about the time 
of the French revolution. It was applied to a class 
of revolutionary philosophers called also illuminati. 
See Illuminati. 

PPCTURER*, pik'-tshu-rfir. re. s. A painter. Bp. 
Hall. Not in use. 

PINE-BARRENS, re. s. A term applied, in the 
Southern Slates, to tracts of level country covered 
with pine trees. Pick. Vocab. 

PIPPERIDGE, plp'-per-fdje. re. s. A shrub. John- 
son, in the definition of Barberry. 

PLA'CITORY*, plas'-e-tfir-e. a. Relating to the act 
or form of pleading in courts of law. Clayton's Re 
ports. 

To PLA'NCHER*. plansh'-ur. v. n. To make a 
floor of wood. Sancroft. 

PLECK*, plek. re. s. A place. Craven Dialect. 

PLOOK*, plook. re. s. A pimple. Grose. 

PO CKARRED*. a. Marked with the small-pox. 
Grose. 

PO CKMARK* p6k'-mark. re. s. Mark or scar 
made by the small-pox. 

POISON ABLE*, poe'-zn-a-bl. a. Capable of pois 
oning; venomous. Tooker. 

PO'LEMIST*, poF-e-mlst. re. s. A controvertist 
Nichols. 

PO LISHMENT*, pol'-fsh-ment. re. s. Refinement. 
Waterhouse. 

POLLICITATION*, p&l-lls-e-ta'-shun.re.s. Prom- 
ise. Burwl. 

POLLU'TEDLY*, pol-luMed-le. ad. In a state of 
pollution. Heijwood. 

POLYPRAG3IA / TICAL*,p&l-e-prag-mat / -e-kal.a. 
Over-busy; forward; officious; impertinent. Hey- 
wood. 

PO'RRAGE*. See Porridge. 

PORTAGE. [J.] re. s. A carrying place round 
water-falls, or from one navigable river to another. 
This word is often used in this sense in the United 
States. Pick. Vocab. 

To POSS*. v. a. To dash violently in water : as, to 
poss clothes. North of England. 

POSS*. re. s. A water-fall. Craven Dialect. A poss- 
tub. Brockett. 

PO'STFACT*, post'-fakt. re. 5. That which repre- 
sents or relates to a fact that has occurred. 

POSTPO'NER*, P 6sl-p6'-nur. re. s. One who delays 
or puts off". Paley. 

ToPO'TTER*, pot'-lur. v.a. To poke; to push: 
as, to potter the fire. Noi^th of England. To poth. 
er; to disturb; to confound. Wilb;aham. 

PRAIRIE, pra'-re. re. s. This French word is now 
applied, in the United Stales, to those tracts oi 
land abounding in the valley of the Mississippi, 
which are mostly level, destitute of trees, and cov- 
ered with tall, coarse grass. Pick. Vocab. 

PRAYERFUL, a. Making use of prayer; devout. 
This word, and also the adverb prayerfully, are 
sometimes used by clergymen in the United 
States ; but they are not in the dictionaries, nor 
are they authorized by good use in England. Pick 
Vocab. 

PRA'YERLESS* pra'-ur-les. a. Not using prayer 
Wilson. 

To PREAMBLE*, pre-am'-bl. v. a. To preface ; 
to introduce. Feltham. 

PRECETTOR. [./.] re. s. This word is used in the 
United States in an appropriate or technica sense 
for the principal or master of an academy or gram- 
mar school ; in England generally styled master or 
head master. 

PRECEPTRESS, pre-seV-tres. re, s. A female 
teacher, or preceptor. Not in the dictionaries, br-, 
often used. 



PREDELINEA TION*, pre-de-lm-e-a'-shun. n 
Previous delineation. Annot. on Glanvilk. 
1047 



PRO 



APPENDIX. 



RAP 



O* 559. — Fa.te, far, fall, fat ; — me, meH ; — pine, pin 



ingj 



PRE'LATIST*, preT-a-tlst. n.s. One who supports 
prelacy. Steward. 

To PREMUNl'TE* pre-mu-nlte'. v.a. To guard 
against objection ; to fortify. Fotherby. 

PREMU'NITORY*, pre-mu'-ne-tur-e. a. Defining a 
penalty that may be incurred. Hody. 

PREPROPEROUS*, pre-prop'-er-us, a. Over 
hasty. Ray. Not in use. 

PRESIDENTIAL. [TYj Mr. Todd defines this word, 
" Presiding over." It has heretofore been consid- 
ered an Americanism, and it is chiefly used in this 
country in the sense of relating to tlie president : as, 
" the presidential election." Pick. Vocal). 

PRIESTRFDDENNESS*, preest-rkl'-dn-nes. n. s. 
The state of being priestridden. Waterhouse. 

PRFGGISH*, prfg'-gfsh. a. Conceited ; coxcomical ; 
affected. Brockett. A colloquial expression. 

PRINCES-METAL* n. s. A kind of factitious met- 
al, composed of the finest and purest brass mixed 
with tin, or rather with some mineral, as zinc, 
whereby it becomes more disposed to receive a 
polish, as also fitter to be gilt. CJiambers. 

PRITTLE-PRATTLE*, prlt'-tl-prat'-tl. n. s. Emp- 
ty talk; trifling loquacity. A word used in con- 
tempt or ridicule. Bp. Bramliall. 

PRIZING, prl'-zfng. n. s. [In sea-language.] The 
application of a lever to move any weighty body, 
as a cask, an anchor, a cannon, &c. Falconer's 
Marine Dictionary. Rees's Cijclopedia. — The verb 
to prize is used in a corresponding manner in 
Prior's Life of Burke, vol. ii. p. 440 : " This 
famous measure became the lever by which to 
prize its authors out of office." 

PROBLEMATIST*, pr6b'-lem-a-tist. n. s. One who 
proposes problems. Evelyn. 

PROD*, n. s. A goad ; an awl 5 an iron pin fixed in 
oattens. Grose. 

PRO'DIGENCE*, pr&d'-e-tfnse. n.s. Waste; pro- 
fusion ; prodigality. Bp. Hall. 

PRO'DROMOUS*, pr6d'-r6-mus. a. Precedi 
forerunning. Allen. 

PROFANITY, pro-fan'-e-te. n. s. Profaneness. 
This word is in common use in the United States, 
but it is not in the dictionaries. It is, however, 
used by Scottish writers, and also by Crabb, (Syno- 
nymes,) and by the writers in the Chistian Obser- 
ver. Pick. Vocab. 

To PROGNOSTICK*. v.a. To foretell. Hacket. 
Not in use. 

To PROGRESS, pr6-greV . v. n. To move forward ; 
to advance ; to pass. Webster's Diet. The verb to 
pro'gress, with the accent on the first syllable, is 
found in early English writers, and it is in John- 
son's Dictionary, but noted as not used. But this 
word is, in the United States, pronounced with the 
accent on the last syllable, and it has, together 
with its participle, progressing, been much used in 
this country, both in conversation and writing, since 
the Revolution. It has been censured and ridiculed, 
however, by American, as well as English criticks 5 
and it is less used, at present, by authors of reputa- 
tion, in this country, than formerly. It is not wholly 
without recent English authority : " As he pro- 
gressed in years." Translation of Anquetil's Uni- 
versal History, vol. ix. p. 246. See also the news- 
paper report of the Rt. Hon. R. Peel's Speech on 
the late change of the English ministry. Pick. 1 
Vocab. 

PROMOTIVE, pr6-m6'-tlv a. Tending to promote 
or advance. Webster's Diet. Sometimes used, but j 
not in the English dictionaries. 

PRO'NELY*, prone'-le. ad. So as to bend down- 
wards ; in a kneeling posture. Sheldon. 

PRO'OFLESSLY*,pr65P-lgs-le. ad. Without proof. 

PROSS*. n. s. Talk ; conversation ; rather of the 
gossiping kind. Brockett. 

PROTECTO'RIAL*, pr6-tgk-t6'-re-al. a. Relating 
to the office of a publick protector or governour. 
Noble. 

PROVEN for Proved. This is often heard in the 
debates of congress, and is sometimes used by 
writers in the Southern States, but it is unknown in 



New England. Pick. Vocab. It has been used by 
the well known Scottish authors, Sir Walter Scott 
and Dr. Clialmers. " There is," says the latter, 
" a mighty difference between not proven and dis- 
proven.' 1 

PROVO'KABLE*, pr6-v6'-ka-bl. a. That may be 
provoked. Rawlins. 

To PRY, or To PRIZE, v. a. To raise with a lever. 
This sense is given to the verb to pry by Mr. Web- 
ster ; and it is often so used in New England ; but it 
is not authorized by the English dictionaries. The 
word pry is also used in New England, as a substan- 
tive, for a large lever. See Prizing. (App.) 

PU'BBLE*, p&b'-bl. a. Full ; plump ; f&i Grose. 

PUBLISHMENT, pub'-llsh-ment. n. s. " Notice of 
intended marriage. [Local.]" Webst. Diet. This 
term is in common use in most parts of New Eng- 
land, instead of the English expression, publication 
of the bans. Pick. Vocab. 

To PU'NGER*. v.a. To puzzle 5 to confound. 
Cheshire Gloss. 

To PY'GMY*. v. a. To dwarf; to make little. A. 
Wood. Not in use. 



Q. 

To QUACKLE, kwak'-kl. v. n. To almost choke ; 
to suffocate. A low, colloquial word, which is 
sometimes heard in New England, and is also pro- 
vincial in England. Pick. Vocab. 

QUARTE'TT*, kw6r-teY. n. s. [quarietto, Ital.] 
[In musick.] A composition for four performers. 
[In poetry.] A stanza of four lines. Mason. 

QUEER*, or QUIER*. n. s. The old form of quire 
or choir ; and pronounced queer in Yorkshire 
Bale. 

To QUIDDLE, kwld'-dl. v. n. To busy one's self 
about trifles. Common in New England. The 
word is also used as a substantive. 

QUITE. [J.] This word means, according to John- 
son, " completely ; perfectly ; totally ; thoroughly." 
It is frequently used in the United States in other 
senses; often instead of very : as, " quite recently, 
quite frequently, quite numerous/' &c; also in the 
following manner : as, " quite a variety, quite a 
number/' 

To QUPTCLAIM*, kwit'-klame. v. a. To renounce 
claim to. Burton. 

QUITCLAIM, n. s. A release of claim by deed. 
Webst. Diet. 

QUFTTABLE*, kwh'-ui-bl. a. That may be vacat- 
ed ; that may be given up. Mar/eland. 



R. 

To RA'BBLE* rab'-bl. v. n. To speak in a confused 
manner. 

RACKETS, n. s. pi. A name in some parts of New 
England for what, in other parts, are called snow- 
shoes; and so named doubtless, from their resem- 
blance to the rackets used in playing tennis. Pick. 
Vocab. 

RA'CKLESS*, rak'-les. a. Careless. The northern 
word for reckless. 

RAFF-MERCHANT*, n. s. A timber-merchant ; a 
raft-merchant. Yorkshire. 

RA'GABASH*, or RA'GABRASH*. n. s. An idle 
ragged person. Grose. 

To RAISE. [J.] To bring up. This word is often 
used in this sense in the Southern States : as, " I 
was raised in such a town." Pick. Vocab. 

RAM*, a. Stinking. North of England. 

RA'MMY*, ram'-me. a. Like a ram ; strong-scented. 
Burton. 

To RAPE*, v. n. To commit a rape. Heywood. 

RAPID, rapMd. n. s. A part of a river where the 
water is rapid over a moderate descent. Webster's 
Diet. Pick. Vocab. This word is used mostly, but 
1048 






/ 



RET 



APPENDIX. 



SCR 



— 116, move, n&r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — p6ond ; — thin, THis. 



not exclusively, in the plural. It is not in the Eng- 
lish dictionaries, but it has been, of late, used by 
English as well as American writers : " There are 
but two cataracts, which are not falls, but mere 
rapids." Quarterly Review. " At this cataract, or 
rather rapid." Dr. S. Butler's Geography. 

RASCA'LITY. [J.] Dr. Johnson's only definition of 
this word is, \' The low, mean people." The defi- 
nition which Mr. Todd gives to the word scoundrel- 
ism is, " Baseness ; rascality :" which is the sense 
in which rascality is now chiefly used. 

RA'SHLING*, rash'-ling. n. 5. One who acts with- 
out caution, or reflection. Sylvester. 

ToRAUT*, rawt. v.n. To bellow ; to roar. See 
To Rout. 

To REAM*, reem. v. n. [lineman, Sax.] To cry 
aloud ; to scream ; to bewail one's self. North of 
England. 

REBUFLDER* re-bll'-der. n. s. One who rebuilds. 
Bp. Bull. 

To RECIDIVATES*, v. n. [recidivo, Lai.] To 
backslide; to fall again. Bp. Andrewes. Not in use. 

To RE'CKON. [J.l Used in the Southern States as 
to guess is in the Northern : as, " I reckon he will." 
Pick. Vocab. 

RECOTLER*, re-kSe'-lur. n. s. One who falls back 
from his promise or profession; a revolter. Hacket. 

RECRUITER*, re-krdo'-tur. n.s. One who re- 
cruits ; one who supplies a company with new 
members. 

REDEMPTIONER, re-dem'-shun-ur. n. s. « One 
who redeems himself by services, or whose services 
are sold to pay certain expenses." Webst. Diet. It 
is applied to foreigners who emigrate from their 
own country to the United States, and sell their 
services for a term of time to pay for their passage. 
Pick. Vocab. 

REEF*, n. s. A cutaneous eruption; a rash. Grose. 

RE'EFY*, re'-fe. a. Scabby. Grose. 

To REEVE*, reev. v. a. To talk inconsistently. 
Craven Dialect. 

REFU'NDER*, re-fund'-fir. n. s. One who repays 
what is received. 

REJECTFTIOUS* re-jek-tlsh'-us. a. That may be 
rejected or refused. Cudivorth. 

To RELOAN, re-l6ne'. u. a. To loan a second time. 
Webst. Diet. See To Loan. 

To RE'MBLE*, rem'-bl. v. a. To move, or remove. 
Grose. 

REMFNDER*, re-mlnd'-ur. n. s. One who reminds; 
an admonisher. Johnson. 

REMFSSIVE*, re-mls'-slv. a. Forgiving ; pardon- 
ing. Hacket. 

RE'NDERER* ren'-der-fir. n.s. Restorer; distribu- 
ter. Chapman. 

RENEWEDLY, re-nu'-gd-le. ad. Anew; again. A 
word often heard from American pulpits, but not 
authorized by English use. Pick. Vocab. 

REPETFTIOUS, rep-e-tfsh'-us. a. Having repeti- 
tions. A word rarely used, and unauthorized. 
Pick. Vocab. 

REQUIREMENT, re-kwlre'-ment. n. s. Demand ; 
thing required. Not uncommon in the United 
States; and sometimes used in England. It is 
found in Bailey's Dictionary, and is used by the 
Christian Observer, and by Cecil, and J. Taylor. 
Pick. Vocab. 

RESCRFPTION*, re-skr?p'-shun. n.s. The act of 
writing back, or of answering a letter in writing. 
Loveday. 
To RESFLE* v. n. [resilio, Lat.] To start back ; 
to fly from a purpose. Ellis. 

RESTRFCT* re-strfkt'. a. Confined ; limited. An- 

not. on Glanmlle. 
To RESU'LT. [J.] v. n. To decide or decree as an 
ecclesiastical council. It is used in this sense by 
some writers, in New England, on ecclesiastical 
affairs; and the substantive result is often used to 
denote the decision of an ecclesiastical council. 
Pick. Vocab. 
To RETE'X* r£-teks'. v. a. \retexo, Lat.] To un- 
weave; to undo; to annul by any action. Hacket. 
132 



To RETROGRA'DE*. v. a. To cause to go back- 
ward. Sylvester. 

RETRU'SE*, re-truse'. a. [retrusus, Ltit.] Hidden ; 
abstruse. Heywood. 

REVOCATORY*, rev'-d-ka-tfir-e. «. Revoking; 
recalling. World of Wonders. 

RISH*. n.s. A rush. Clieshire Gloss. 

RIVE*, n. s. A rent, or tear. Brockett. 

To ROIL, (commonly pronounced rile,) v. a. " To 
render turbid by stirring up lees; to disturb the 
mind and excite anger." Webst. Did. In the for- 
mer of these significations, this word is in common 
use in New England in the language of conversa- 
tion ; but in the latter it is rarely heard. In the lat- 
ter sense, however, it is provincial in Great Britain : 
" To roil, or royle, to perplex, fatigue. North." 
Grose. " To rile, to vex." Essex Dialect. " The 
state was not very much roiled with faction." Life 
of Lord Guilford. It is not in ihe English dic- 
tionaries. Pick. Vocab. 

ROILY, a. [from the preceaing word.] Turbid. 
Pick. Vocab. A colloquial word in New England. 

ROPSTERLY*, r6ist'-ur-le. a. Like a roister; law- 
less ; violent. Hacket. 

ROKE*, ROOK*, or ROAK*. n. s. Mist; smoke ; 
damp. North of England. 

ROO'DY, r66d'-e. a. Coarse ; luxuriant. Craven Di- 
alect. 

ROOTY*, roop'-e. a. Hoarse. Craven Dialect. 

ROUN-TREE*, or ROAN -TREE*, n.s, The 
mountain-ash. North of England. 

RU'GGED. [J.] a. Used in New England in the 
sense of hardy or robust. Pick. Vocab. 

RUN. [J.] A small stream. Webst. Diet. It is used 
in this sense in New England. Pick. Vocab. 



S. 

To SA'CRATE*. v. a. {sacro, Lat.] To consecrate ; 
to dedicate. Waterlumse. 

SA'FFRONY*, saf -ffirn-e. a. Having the colour of 
saffron. Lord. 

To SAG. [J.] v. n. To sink 5 to settle. Mr. Todd 
says of this word, that it is, " perhaps, a corruption 
of swag. To sag, or sviag, is to sink down by its 
own weight. It is common in Staffordshire to say 
a beam in a building sags, or has sagged." This 
is the sense in which the word is used in the United 
States. Pick. Vocab. 

To SA'GINATE*, sad'-je-nate. v. a. [sagino, Lat.] 
To pamper ; to fatten. Cocker am. 

SALUTATORY, sa-hV-ta-tur-e. a. Greeting ; con- 
taining salutations. This word is not in the dic- 
tionaries, but is used in American colleges : as, 
" a salutatory oration." 

SAMP. n. s. Maize broken coarse. Webst. Diet. 
An Indian word. Pick. Vocab. 

SAUCE. [J.] Mr. Todd adds to the definition of this 
word, in his second edition, " Insolence of speech. 
A vulgar phrase, and placed among Mr. Brockett's 
northern words." It is sometimes used in this 
sense in New England; and it is likewise here 
used, but without English authority, as a general 
term for all common esculent vegetables. Pick 
Vocab. 

SAUR*. n. s. Soil ; dirt. Grose. 

I'o SCAR*, v. a. To scare. North of England. 

SCAT*, ra. s. A shower of rain : and hence scatty, 
showery. Grose. 

SCE'PTICALNESS*. n. 
fession of doubt. Fuller. 

To SCHE'DULE*, sed'-jule, or sked'-jule. v. a. To 
place in a list or catalogue; to inventory. A mod- 
ern verb. 

SCOTTICK*, sk&p'-tfk. a. The same as scoptical. 
Ward. 

SCOW, skdfi. n. s. A flat-bottomed boat. Webst. 
Diet. This kind of boats is called, in some parts of 
the United States, gondola. 

To SCRA'FFLE*, skraf -fl. v. n. To scramble ; to 
1049 



Doubt ; pretence or pro- 



M 



SKE 



APPENDIX. 



SOW 



IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fait;— me, met j— pine, pin 



be industrious. Brockett. To shuffle ; to act un- 
fairly. Grose. 
To SCRIKE*. v. n. To cry out. See To Screak. 
To SCRUDGE* skrudje. v. a. To crowd thickly 

together ; to squeeze. Grose. 
To SCRUPLE*, skrSS'-pl. v. a. To cause to scru- 
ple or doubt. Symmonds. 
SEABOARD, se / -b6rde. n. s. The shore, or edge of 

the sea. Webst. Diet. 
SE'AMSTER*, seem'-slur. n. s. One who sews, or 
uses a needle ; a sort of tailor. Gauden. 

SE'CTION. [/.] n. s. This word has, within a few 
years, been much used in the United States, instead 
of part or quarter : as, " citizens of different sections 
of the country." Not thus used in England. Pick. 
Vocab. 

SECTIONAL, sek'-shnn-al. a. [from the preceding 
word.] Belonging to a part or section of a country ; 
local. A modern word, of late often used in the 
United States, but not found in the dictionaries. 

SECURER*, se-k&'-rfir. n. s. Whoever or whatever 
secures or projects. Clarke. 

To SEEM*, v. a. To become ; to beseem. Spenser. 

SEG*. n. s. A castrated bull. North of England. 

To SEJOTN* se-jdin'. v. a. To separate. Whatehj. 
A Scottish word. 

SELE'CTEDLY*, se-lek'-ted-le. ad. With care in 
selection. Heytcood. 

SELT*. n.s. Chance] a thing of rare occurrence. 
Clieshire. . 

To SE'MIN ATE §*, sem'-e-nate. v. a. [sanino, hat.] 
To sow ; to spread; to propagate. Waterhouse. 

SENTIMENTALIST, sen-i.e-ineiv'-tal-lst. n.s. One 
who affects fine feeling or exquisite sensibility. A 
modern word, used in some instances by both 
English and American writers, but not found in the 
dictionaries. 

SE'RJEANCY*, sar'-jen-se. n. s. The office of a 
serjeant at law. Haclcet. [Mr. Todd, in his second 
edition, has altered the orthography of sergeant and 
its derivatives, and spells them all with j instead 
of,?.] 

SESS-POOL*, seV-p66l. n. s. An excavation in the 
ground for receiving foul water. Brockett.' 

SET-DOWN*, n. s. A powerful rebuke or reprehen- 
sion. 

SE'TNESS*, seV-nes. n.s. Regulation ; adjustment. 
Masters. 

SET-TO*, set-t85. n. s. An argument ; a debate. 
Brockett. 

SHA'BBED*, shab'-bed. a. Mean; shabby. A. 
Wood. 

SHA'DOWYNESS*, shad'-o-e~-nes. n. s. State of 
being shadowy. Annot. on Glanvilk. 

SHAREHOLDER, share'-h6ld-ur. n. s. One who 
holds or owns a share. Webst. Diet. A word used in 
Great Britain, though not in the English dictionaries. 

SHELD*. a. Speckled. 

SHO'OTY*, sh56l'-e. a. Corresponding in size, or 
growth ; of an equal size. Grose. 

SHOTE. n.s. A young hog. Used in the United 
States; and it is a provincial word in England. 
Pick. Vocab. 

To SHY*, shl. v. n. To shun by turning aside ; ap- 
plied to a horse. / 

STLEX*,s\'-\£ks. n.s.TLat.] Flint; the mineralogi- 
cal term usually given to this kind of earth. 

SINAPISM, sl'-na-pfziri. n.s. [In medicine.] "A 
cataplasm, in which the chief ingredient is mustard 
seed pulverized." Perry's Diet. See Johnson's 
definition of Euphorbium. 

SI'NGLESTICK*, slng'-gl-stfk. n. s. A cudgel. 
West of England and Scotland. 

SFNGLIN*,"s?ng'-glIn. n. s. A single gleaning ; a 
handful of gleaned <v5rn. Brockett. 

SITING*, n. s. The act of oozing. Granger. 

To SKALE*. v. a. To disperse. North of England. 

SKAR*, or SKARE*. a. Wild ; timid ; shy. Grbse. 

To SKEER*. v. a. To mow lightly over. Jennings. 

To SKELLY*, skel'-le. v.n. To squint. Brockett. 

SKELP*. n.s. [skelfa,Icel] A blow ; a smart stroke 
Brockett 



To SKEN*. v. n. To squint. Craven Dialed. 

SKI'MMINGTON* sktm'-mmg-t&n. To ride skim- 
mington is a vulgar phrase, which means a kind of 
burlesque procession in ridicule of a man who suf- 
fers himself to be beaten by his wife. 

SKREED*. n. s. A border of cloth. Cravm Dialect. 

SKRUNTY*, skrfin'-te. a. Low; stunted. Craven 
Dialect. 

SKU'RRY*, skftr'-re. n. s. Haste ; impetuosity 
Brockett. 

SLANG- WHANGER. n. s. A noisy demagogue; a 
turbulent partisan. A cant word, of recent origin 
in America, used only in familiar style, or in works 
of humour. Pick. Vocab. 

SLA'NTINGLY*, slant'-fng-le. ad. With oblique 
remark. Strype. 

SLA/PPER*, slap'-par. a. A northern word, ap- 
plied to any thing large. Grose. 

SLEIGH, sla. [written sley by Mr. Webster.] n. s. A 
vehicle moving on runners for conveyance on snow. 
Webst. Diet. This is a vehicle common in the 
Northern States, but not generally known in Eng- 
land The word sleigh is appropriated to a travelling 
vehicle which is drawn by horses ; while that vehicle 
which is used for transporting heavy articles and 
drawn upon snow by oxen or horses, is called sled. 
The word commonly used in England for both is 
sledge, though sled seems to be preferred by John- 
son. Pick. Vocab. 

To SLENT*. v. n. To make an oblique remark ; to 
sneer. Fuller. 

To SLITHER*, sM'-ur. v. n. To slide. North of 
England. 

SLOSH, n.s. SLOSHY. a. These words are often 
used in the Northern States in relation to the state 
of the roads, when they are covered with snow, 
and a thaw takes place : as, " The roads are 
sloshy ;" " It is very sloshy going." They are low, 
colloquial words, not found in the dictionaries : per- 
haps corrupted from sludge or sloppy. Pick. Vocab. 

SLOUM*. SeeSLOOM.' 

To SLUMP, sl&mp. v. n. To sink or fall into water 
or mud, or snow, through ice or other .hard surface. 
New England. Webst. Diet. This is a colloquial 
word in this country ; and it is also known in Eng- 
land as a provincial or North Country word. Pick. 
Vocab. 

SMU'LY*, smu'-le. a. Looking smoothly ; demure. 
Cumberland. 

To SMEETH*. v. a. To smooth. North of England. 

SMUDGE*, n. s. A suffocating smoke. Grose. 
North of England. 

To SNAG*, v. a. To hew roughly with an axe. 
Nor-th of England. 

To SNAPE*. v. a. Used in the north for sneap. 

SNARL, n. s. A low, colloquial word, used in the 
United Slates for entanglement, or quarrel. 

To SNEER*, v. a. To treat with a kind of contempt. 
Thyer. 

To SNEW*, or To SNUE*. v. n. The northern 
word for sneer. 

To SO'CIATE*, so'-she-ate. v. n. To associate; to 
mix with company. Shelford. 

To SO'LEMNIZE. [J.] v. a. Often used in the 
American pulpits in the sense of to make solemn or 
serious. This sense is not given to this word in the 
dictionaries, yet it is sometimes thus used in Eng- 
land. See Christian Observer, vol. xxv. p. 769. 
Also thus used by Theo. Lindsey and Akermau. 
Pick. Vocab. 

SO'LEMNIZER*, sSl'-em-nl-zar. n.s. One who 
performs a solemn rite or ceremony. Clarke. 

SO'NCY*, or SO'NSY*, son'-se. a. Lucky; form, 
nate ; thriving. Grose. 

SO'NGOW*, s6ng'-g6. ) n. s. Gleaned corn. Brock 

SO'NGAL* s6ng / -gal. ) ett. Cheshire. 

SO'RTILEGY*, soV-te-lSd-je. n.s. [sortilegium 
Lat.] The act or practice of drawing lots. Sir T. 
Browne. 
SO'URDOCK* sSur'-d&k. n. s. Sorrel. North and 
West of England. 

To SOWNE* v n To swoon. Minsheu. 
1050 



STI 



APPENDIX. 



TAC 



-n6, move, ndr, ndtj-tu.be, tub, bull 5— oil 3— pound;— thin, this. 



SPAN. [7.1 Aj>air: 
used in Ne 



Thus 



a span of horses, 
few England. Pick. VocaJb. 
SPARSE, sparse, a. Thin ; scattered here and there. 
Webst. Diet. This word [from sparsus, Lat.] is 
used by Mr. Jefferson, and is not uncommon in the 
United States ; but it is not in the English dictiona- 
ries, nor does it appear to be at all used in England. 
SPECI'FICKNESS*, spe-sil'-ik-nes. n.s. Particular 

mark of distinction. Annot. on Gtanville. 
To SPELL. [J.] v.a. To take a turn at. Webster's 
Diet. This verb is used colloquially in this sense 
in New England. The substantive spell is also 
used, in the language of conversation, in this man- 
ner: as, " a spell of sickness j a short spell ; a long 
spell." Pick. Vocab. 
SPE'WINESS*, spa'-e-nes. n. s. Moistness ; damp- 
ness. Gauden. 
SPILE, n. 5. A peg or pin to stop a hole in a cask. 

Webst. Diet. 
SPI'NNY*, or SPFNY*. n. s. A small wood. See 

Spinet. 
SPONSIBLE*, spon'-se-bl. a. Worthy of credit. 

Craven Dialect. 
SPREY*. a. Spruce. A provincial word. 
SPRY*, sprl. a. Lively; active; acute. A provin- 
cial word. [This is a common colloquial word in 
the United States, and has been regarded as an 
Americanism. Mr. Webster defines it, " Nimble, 
brisk, quick in action."] 
SPUNK. [/.] Mr. Todd adds to Johnson's definition 
of this word, "Vivacity; spirit; activity. A low, 
contemptible expression. — Dr. Jamieson and Mr. 
Brockett, on the contrary, observe, that in Scot- 
land, and as a northern English word, it is very 
good and forcible, and may be considered as a 
natural transition from the idea of touchwood." — 
Grose, in his Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, de- 
fines it thus : " Figuratively, spirit ; courage." In 
this sense it is used, as a colloquial word, in Amer- 
ica. Pick. Vocab. 
SPUNKY, spang' -ke. a. Spirited. A low, colloquial 
word, derived from spunk : used in New England. 
SPURT*, n. s. A sudden, short effort. Bragge. See 

Spirt. 
SPYGLASS, spl'-glas. n.s. A kind of telescope. 

Webst. Diet. 
SQUAB. [ J.l n. s. A young pigeon. Webst. Diet. 
SQUA'RELY*, skwareMe. ad. Suitably ; in conform- 
ity. 
SQUATTER, skw6t / -tur. n.s. One who settles upon 
land without a title. Webst. Diet. A cant word, 
common in the United States. Pick. Vocab. 
SQUAW, skwaw. n. s. The Indian word for woman. 

Pick. Vocab. 
To SQUIGGLE, skwlg'-gl. } v. n. To move about \ 
To SQUIRM, skwerm. \ like an eel. These 
synonymous words are used in New England i 
low or familiar conversation. The latter is a pro- 
vincial word in England. Pick. Vocab. 
STA'BBINGLY*, stab'-bing-le. ad. With intent to 

do a dark injury; maliciously. Bp. Parker. 
STAGE. [J.] n. s. Used in the United States for 
coach, or stagecoach : as, " I rode in the stage," in- 
stead of u I rode in the coach, or stagecoach." The 
phrase mail-stage is generally used, in this country, 
instead of the English phrase m?d\-coach.Pick. Vocab. 
STAGING, sta'-j?ng. n. s. Used in the United States 

for scaffolding. Pick. Vocab. 
STATIONARY, n. s. This word is not found in the 
English dictionaries as a substantive, yet it is often 
so used, to denote the goods of a stationer. See 
Walker's note on the adjective stationary. 
STEAL*, steel, n. s. A handle. See Stele. 
STE'RNER*, steV-nar. n. s. A governour ; a direct- 
or. Dr. Clarke. An uncommon word. 
STETHOSCOPE*, stetfi'-o-skdpe. n. s. [arijBoi and 
tTKoniu).] A tube for distinguishing diseases of the 
chest by sounds. Scudamore. 
STE'WARDLY*, stu'-ard-le. ad. With the care of 

STFLLER*, stll'-lu'r n. s. One who quiets or stills. 
Casaubon. 



STIME*. n.s. A glimpse. North 0/ England. 
STIMULUS, suW-u-lus. n.s. [Lat.] "A prick; 
goad ; whip ; spur; excitement; incitement; irrita- 
tion; vellication." Perry's Diet. This word, though 
much used by English as well as American writers, 
is omitted in most of the English dictionaries ; 
Johnson, however, uses it in the plural [stimuli] in 
his definition of the word succussion. Pick. Vocal. 
STOCKHOLDER, st6k'-h6ld-ur. n. s. A sharehold- 
er, or proprietor in the stock of a bank or other 
company. This word is common in the United 
States, but it is not in the dictionaries, nor often 
used in England. Pick. Vocab. 
STOMACHY*, stfim'-a-ke. a. Obstinate; sullen 

Jennings. 
STORE and STOREKEEPER. Generally used 
in the United States instead of shop and slwpkeeper. 
See Bookstore. (App.) Pick. Vocab. 
STRANGU'RIOUS*, stran-gu' -re-os. a. Denoting 

the pain of strangury. Cheyne. 
To STRUT*, v. a. To swell out; to make tumid. 
STU'DIEDLY*, stud'-ld-le. ad. With care and at- 
tention. Life of Mede. 
STUPIDITY. [J.] n. s. Used in the American pul- 
pits to denote carelessness, or want of sensibility 
on religious subjects. The adjective stupid is also 
used in # similar manner. 
To SUBINDU'CE*, sub-?n-duse'. v. a. To insinuate; 

to offer indirectlv. Sir E. Dering. 
SUBLLNEA'TlON*, sfib-lln-e-a'-shun. n.s. Mark 
of a line or lines under a word or sentence. Letter 
to Abp. Usher. 
ToSUBMO'NISH*, s&b-m&n'-lsh. v. a. To suggest ; 

to put in mind; to. prompt. Granger. 
SUBMONPTION*, sub-rno-nlsh'-un. n. s. Sugges- 
tion ; persuasion. Granger. 
SUCCE'SSLESSLY*, suk-sSsMes-le. ad. Without 

success. Hammond. 
SUCCOTASH, snk'-6-tash. n. s. A mixture of green 
or unripe maize and beans boiled. Webst. Diet. 
An Indian word. 
SU'ER*, siV-ur. n. s. One who seeks to obtain by 

treaty ; a suiter. Lord. Not in use. 
SU'LLAGE*. n.s. Fi'ih See Suixiage. 
SUMP*, n. s. A marsh ; a swamp ; a bog. Brockett. 
To SU'NBURN* s&n'-burn. v. a. To discolour, or 

scorch by the sun. Gauden. 
SUNDOWN, sun'-dSun. n. s. A word often used in 

the United Stales instead of sunset. 
To SUPPA'RASITE*, sup-par'-a-slte. v. a. [suppu- 

rasitor, Lat.] To flatter; to cajole. Dr. Clarke. 
SUPPLANTA'TION*. sup-plan-ta'-shfin. n. s. The 

act of supplanting or displacing. Stokes. 
To SWA'GGER*, swag 7 -gur. v. a. To overbear 

with boasting or bluster. Annot. on Glanville. 
SWALE*, swale, n. s. A flame. Grose. 
SWA'RTHNESS*, swdrt/i'-nes. n. s. Blackness: 

darkness. Dr. Clarke. 
SWEEP, n. s. In New England, this word denotes a 
long pole used in raising water out of a well. In 
Yorkshire, in England, the word swape is used in a 
similar manner. Pick. Vocab. 
SWFFTER* sw?P-tur. n. s. A rope. 
SYLLABICATION, sll-lab-e-ka'-shun. n. s, The 
act of forming syllables; the method of dividing 
words into syllables. Perry's Diet. 
SY'NAGOGUE. [J.] The only definition which 
Johnson gives of this word is, " An assembly of 
the Jews to worship." It also means a place set 
apart for their worship, 
SYRT*, sort. n. s. [syrtis, Lat.] A bog ; a quick- 
sand. Young. 



T. 

TA'BFrUDE*, tab'-e-tude. n. s. \tabitudo, Lat.] A 
consumption ; a wasting away by disease. Cocke- 
ram. 

TA'CKER* tak'-fir. n.s. One who make* an addi- 
tion or supplement. 

J051 



TOU 



APPENDIX. 



UNW 



[LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin: 



ToTA'CKLE. [7Yj «.a. Mr. Todd has inserted 
this word, and thus defines it : " To supply with 
tackle." Mr. Webster defines it as follows : " To 
saddle j to accoutre ; to fit out ; to prepare f which 
is also the definition of Entick. In cases in which 
a New Englander would use to tackle, an English- 
man would use tc harness. Pick. Vocab. 

TACT. [jT.] n. s. Mr. Todd, in his second edition, 
adds to the definition of this word, — " The sense of 
feeling : an old word, long disused ; but of late reviv- 
ed in the secondary senses of touch, as a masterly 
or eminent effort, and the power of exciting the af- 
fections." 

TAINTFREE^tant'-fre. a. Clear; guiltless. Heath. 

TA'LENTED*, tal'-ent-ed. a. Possessing talents. 
Abp. Abbot. This word is old, but hitherto over- 
passed ; and is now again in use. 

TANNIN*, tan'-nm. n. s. [In chymistry.] A vege- 
table ingredient obtained from the bark of trees, 
and from nut-galls, and some other vegetables. 

TANTRUMS*, tan'-trumz. n.s.p]. Whims ; , freaks ; 
bursts of ill humour; affected airs. A colloquial term. 

TA'RGETTED*, tar'-get-gd. [See Target.] a. 
Havinga shield ; armed with a target. Gauden. 

T A 'RIFF. [J.] Dr. Johnson's definition of this 
word is merely " A cartel of commerce." It de- 
notes A table of duties on articles of merchandise 
fixed by authority. 

TA'VERN. [/.] n. s. This word is commonly used in 
America to denote a house of entertainment for 
travellers, which in England is generally called an 
inn. Pick. Vocab. 

TEMPER. [J.] n. s. This word, when standing 
alone, is often used in New England, in a bad sense, 
for warmth of temper, whereas in England it means 
coolness or moderation. Pick. Vocab. 

TEMSE*. n. s. A sieve. Sometimes written terns 
and tempse. 

TE'NDRY*. len'-dre. n. s. Proposal to acceptance; 
tender Heylin 

TENEMENT. [J.] n.s. Dr. Johnson's definition of 
this word is, " Any thing held by a tenant." In 
popular language in America, it means also a 
house or apartments, whether occupied by a tenant 
or proprietor. 

To TE'RMINE*. Anciently used instead of to ter- 
minate. Wicliffe. 

To TEST. v. a. To compare with a standard ; to 
try; to prove. Webst. Diet. This word is in com- 
mon use in America, but it is not in the English 
dictionaries ; and it has been condemned by Eng- 
lish criticks. In the Ch. Ob. vol. ii. p. 564, it is 
spoken of as "a vulgarism, or, possibly, an Anglo- 
Americanism :" yet it has been since used in that 
journal : also in the Eclectic Rev., and by Sir 
Walter Scolt. Pick. Vocab. 

TE'TRICALNESS*, tet'-re-kal-nes. n.s. Froward- 

ness ; perverseness ; sourness. Gauden. 
To TEW*, v. n. To labour. See To Tue. 

THU'NNER*. n. s. Thunder. North of England. 

TI'NKERLY*, tlnk'-fir-le. a. After the manner of a 
tinker. Hkkeringill. 

TINKLER*, n.s. Tinker. North of England. 

TI'NNIENT*, tk'-ne-ent. a. Emitting a clear sound. 
TIRADE, te-rad'. n. s. [Fr.] This word, which, in 
French, signifies a long train or series of words, or 
a long speech, has of late been much used both in 
England and America; often in the sense of invec- 
tive, or a censure in speech or writing. 
TO'MRIG*, tom'-rfg. n. s. A rude, wild, wanton 

girl ; a tomboy. Dennis. 
TON*, tong. n.s. [Fr.TThe prevailing fashion. 
TOQUE*, tok. n.s. [Fr] A kind of bonnet or head- 
dress for women. Oflateinuse. 
To TOTE. v. a. " To carry ; to convey ; to re- 
move. [ Virg. &c.]" Webst. Diet, This word was 
noted many years since, by Dr. Witherspoon, as 
peculiar to some of the Southern States. It is still 
in use in that part of the country. Pick. Vocab. 
TO'UCHILY*, tutsh'-e-le. ad. With irritation ; with 

peevishness. Waterhouse. 
To TOUT*, v. n. To toot, which see. 



TOWN. [J.l n. s. This word is used in the Northern 
States to denote not only " a collection of houses/ 
but also an incorporated district, generally from 
about four to six miles square ; more properly 
called township. Pick. Vocab. 

TRA'MPLE*, tram'-pl. n. s. The act of treading 
under foot with contempt. Milton. 

To TRANSFRE'IGHT*, trans-frate'. v. n. To pass 
over the sea. Waterhouse. 

TRANSGRE'SSIONAL*, trans-grSsh'-un-al. a. 
That offends by violating a rule. Burnet. 

TRANSLATRESS*, trans-la'-tres. n. s. A female 
translator. Chillingworth. 

TRANSU'DATORY*, tran-su'-da-tur-e. a. Passing 
through in vapour. Dr. Randolph. 

TRANSVE'CTION*, trans-vek'-shfin. n. s. The act 
of carrying. Annot. on Glanville. 

TREPANNER*, tre-pan'-nfir. n. s. One who en- 
deavours to ensnare others; a cheat. Gauden. 

TRIPE. [J.] To Dr. Johnson's definition of this word 
may be added, food made of the paunch of an ox. 

TRONE*, or TRONES*. n. s. A steelyard. North 
of England. 

TRU'CKLE*, truk'-kl. n.s. A small wheel or caster. 
Hudibras. 

TU'RNPIKE. [J.] Mr. Webster gives, as the second 
definition of this word, " A road on which a turn- 
pike is erected ;" which is the common use of it in 
the United States. In England the phrase is turn- 
pike road ; and there turnpike, alone, means simply 
the gate. Pick. Vocab. 

T WILT*, n. s. A quilt. Grose. 

TY'PHUS*, il'-fus. n. s. [rv^os.] One of the modern 
names given to a low fever. 



1 



u. 

UBFQUITARINESS*, yu-b?k'-we-ta-re-nes. n. s. 
Existence every where. Fuller. 

UNACHIE , yABLE*,un-a-tsheev / -a-bl.a.Thatmay 
not be achieved. Farindon. 

UNA'RTED*, fin-irt'-ed. a. Ignorant of the arts. 
Waterhouse. 

UNBFASSEDNESS*, fin-bi'-as-sed-nes. n. s. Free- 
dom from prejudice. Pp. Hall. 

UNDECLINABLE*, fin-de-kli'-na-bl. a. Not to be 
avoided. Hacket. 

UNDISPENSED*, fin-dk-penst'. a. Not freed from 
a rule or obligation. Tooker. 

UNEXA'CT*, un-egz-akt'. a. Not exact. Dawson. 

UNFRA'MABLENESS*, un-fra'-ma-bl-nes. n. s. 
Untractableness ; aversion to be formed or mould- 
ed. Bp. Sanderson. 

UNFRU'STRABLE*, fin-frfis'-tra-bl. a. Not to be 
frustrated. Edwards. 

UNGA'INABLE*, On-ga'-na-bl. a. Not to be gain 
ed. Pierce. 

UNGROUNDEDNESS*, fin-grSund'-ed-nes. n. s 
Instability ; want of foundation. Steele. 

U^HA'LE*, fin-hale', a. Not sound; not healthy 
n- iter house. 

5 .. NJO'INT*, fin-j6int'. v. a. To disjoint. Ful 

UNLE / ARNEDNESS*,fin-ler'-ned-nes. n. s. Want 
of learning; ignorance. Sybester. 

UNLETTEREDNESS*, fin-let'-terd-nes. n. s. 
Want of learning ; unlearnedness. Waterhouse. 

To UNMA'SCULATE*, fin-mas'-ku-late. v. a. To 
effeminate ; to emasculate. Fuller. 

UNRE'CKONED*, un-rek'-knd. a. Not enumerated. 
Bp. Gardiner. 

UNRESPONSIBLE*, fin-re-sp&n'-se-bl. a. Not ac- 
countable ; not responsible. 

UNREVENGEFUL*, fin-re-venje'-ful. a. Not in- 
clined to revenge. Hacket. 

UNSO'BER*, fin-so'-b&r. a. Not sober; not decent. 

UNSONSY*, fiu-s6n'-se. a. Unlucky; not fortunate. 
Yorkshire Glossary. 

UNWE'ARIEDNESS^fin-we'-rfd-nes. n.s. State 
or quality of being unwearied. Baxter. 
1052 



WAT 



APPENDIX. 



ZER 



-116, m6ve, n6r, n6t; — tube, tub, bull 5 — 611; — p66nd; — thin, THis. 



UNWE'LLNESS*, fln-wel'-nes. n.s. State of being 

unwell. Ld. Cfiesterjuld. 
UTAS*. SeeUris. 



V. 

VALIDLY* val'-ld-Ie. ad. With validity ; with force 
to convince. Bp. Bramluxll. 

VANDY'KE*, van-dike', n.s. A kind of handker- 
chief for the neck. Granger. 

VA'POURER*, va'-pfir-ur. n. s. A bully; a blusterer. 
Legenda Lignea. 

To VARIAvTE. [T.J Mr. Todd has inserted this 
word with the definition of " To change; to alter;" 
but it does not appear to be in use at present in 
England. It is often heard from the pulpit in New 
England in the prayers of clergymen, used in the 
following manner : '* Variate of thy mercies to our 
circumstances and wants." Pick. Vocab. 

VARIOLOID, va-ri'-6-l61d. n. s. [variola:, Lat.] A 
term recently come into use, and applied to a dis- 
ease which is supposed to be a modification of the 
small-pox. 

YE ERABLE*, veer'-a-bl. a. Changeable ; shifting. 
Randolph. 

VENDIBILITY*, ven-de-bil'-e-te. n.s. State of be- 
ing vendible. Bp. Taylor. 

YEN DUE, ven-du'. n. s. Auction. This word is often 
used in America, but it is not in the dictionaries. 
Pick. Vocab. 

VE'RMINLY*, ver'-min-le. a. Like vermin ; of the 
nature of vermin. Gauden. 

To VIGOUR*, v1g'-6r. v. a. To invigorate; to 
strengthen. Feltham. 

VILIPE'NDENCY*, vll-e-pen'-den-se. n. s. Dises- 
teem; slight; contempt. Hacket. 

VFNDICABLE*, vln'-de-ka-bl. a. That may be de- 
fended ; that may be supported. Rutherforth. 

VOPCELESS*, v61sMes. a. Without a vqte or voice; 
silent Ld. Coke. 



W. 

To WAGE. [J.] v. a. Dr: Johnson says that this 
word " is now only used in the phrase to wage 
war." Mr. Webster's first definition is, " To lay 
a wager;" a sense in which it is sometimes used in 
New Eftgland, instead of to wager. Pick. Vocab. 

WA'ILMENT*, wale'-ment. n. s. Lamentation. 
Hacket. 

WA'NDY*, w&n'-de. a. Long and flexible, like a 
wand. Brocketi. 

WA'NKLE*. a. Weak ; unstable ; changeable ; not 
to be depended upon. Grose. 

WA'PPER*. See Whapper. 

To WARE*, wire. v. a. To ware one's money, i. e. 
to bestow it weil, to lay it out in ware. Grose. 

To WA'REHOUSE*, ware'-hfiuse. v. a. To lay up 
in a warehouse. A modern mercantile or agricul- 
tural term. 

WASE*, wase. n.s. A wreath of straw or cloth upon 
the head to relieve the pressure of burdens. Cooper. 

WA'TERING*, wa'-tar-lng. n. s. The act of sup- 
plying with water for drink ; the place of such sup- 
ply. Milton. 

'ATH* n. *. A food used in the North of England. 
Grose. 



WA 



WE'ATHERGALL*, weTH'-ftr-gall. n.s. A secon- 
dary rainbow, said to be a sign of bar* weather. 
Noriii of England. 

WED*, n.s. A pledge. 

WHALL*, or WHAUL* n.s. The disease of the 
eyes called glaucoma. 

WHARF, [f] n. s. The English plural of this word 
is wharfs ; but, in the United States, wliarves is the 
form in common use. Pick. Vocab. 

WHERN*. n.s. Probably a variation of quern. Dr 
Clarke. 

WHICK*. a. Alive. North of England. 

WHIPPER : SNAPPER*, hwlp'-p&r-snap'-pur. n.s. 
A diminutive, insignificant person. Brocketi. 

To WHISH*. v. n. To become silent. North of Eng- 
land. 

WHPSKET*, or WI'SKET*. n. s. A basket. 
Westmoreland. 

WHPTESTER*, hwlte'-st&r. n. s. A bleacher of 
linen. WilbraJiam. 

To WILT, wilt. v.n. To wither; to droop: applied 
to plants newly cut, or exposed to a hot sun with 
out sufficient moisture. A word not in the diction- 
aries, but very common in the United States, and 
provincial in the South and West of England. 
" To wilt, or wilter; to wither. These flowers are 
all wilted." Grose's Prov. Gloss. Pick. Vocab. 

WPNDLESTRAW*, win'-dl-straw. n.s. A reed ; a 
stalk of grass ; a small, slender straw. North of 
England. 

WPNDROW*, wlnd'-r6. n. s. Hay or grass raked 
in rows to be cocked. Coles. 

WOOLGATHERING*, wS3l'-ga//i-ur-ing. a. An 
old expression coupled with wits, and applied to an 
inattentive, careless person. Burton. 

WORLDLYMPNDEDNESS*, w&rld-le-mind' '- 
n§s. n. s. Attention to this world ; inattention >*- a 
future state. Bp. Sanderson. 

To WOTtSEN*, wrV-sn. v. n. To become worse. 
Craven Dialect. 

To WRA'NGLE*, rang'-gl. v. a. To involve in quar- 
rel or dispute. Sanderson. 

WRA'NGLESOME* rang/-gl-sfim. a. Disposed to 
wrangle ; quarrelsome. Moor. 

WRA'NGLING*, rang'-gl-ing. n.s. The act of dis- 
puting peevishly ; altercation. Locke. 

WRA'PRASCAL*, rap'-ras-kal. n. *. A kind of 
coarse upper coat. Jamieson. 



Y. 

To YAFF*, yaf. v. n. To bark. Cheshire. 

To YA'MMER*, yam'-mur. v. n. To complain ; to 

whine ; to make a disagreeable noise. Brockett. 
YAUD*. n. s. A horse. Grose. 
To YAULP*, or YAUP*. v. n. To yelp. Brocketi. 
YE'RNUT* or YA'RNUT*. n.s. An earthnut; a 

pignut. Wilbraham. 
YOU'THOOD*. n.s. The state of youth. Cheyne. 



Z. 

ZEALOTICAL*, ze-l&t'-e-kal. a. Passionately ar- 
dent in a cause. Slrype 
j! ZE'RO*, ze'-r6. n. s. The arithmetical cipher, so 
named by the French, denoting the freezing point 
of the thermometer. 

1053 



A KEY 



TO THE 

CLASSICAL PRONUNCIATION 

OF 

GREEK, LATIN, AND SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES 

IN WHICH 

THE WORDS ARE ACCENTED AND DIVIDED INTO SYLLABLES EXACTLY AS 

THEY OUGHT TO BE PRONOUNCED, ACCORDING TO RULES 

DRAWN FROM ANALOGY AND THE BEST USAGE. 

TO WHICH ARE ADDED, 

TERMINATIONAL VOCABULARIES 

OP 

HEBREW, GREEK, AND LATIN PROPER NAMES, 

IK WHICH 

THE WORDS ARE ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THEIR FINAL SYLLABLES, AND 

CLASSED ACCORDING TO THEIR ACCENTS; BY WHICH THE GENERAL 

ANALOGY OF PRONUNCIATION MAY BE SEEN AT ONE VIEW, 

AND THE ACCENTUATION OF EACH WORD MORE 

EASILY REMEMBERED. 

CONCLUDING WITH 

OBSERVATIONS 



GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT AND QUANTITY; 

WITH SOME PROBABLE CONJECTURES ON THE METHOD OF FREEING THEM 

FROM THE OBSCURITY AND CONFUSION IN WHICH THEY ARE 

INVOLVED, BOTH BY THE ANCIENTS AND MODERNS. 



Si quid novisti rectius istis 
Candidas imperti : si non, his utere mecum. — Hor. 



BY JOHN WALKER, 

AUTHOR OF THE CRITICAL PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, 4&C 



BOSTON : 
CHARLES EWER AND T. HARRINGTON CARTER. 

1828. 



i :i ji 



PREFACE. 



THE Critical Pronouncing Dictionary of the English 
Language naturally suggested an idea of the present 
work. Proper names from the Greek and Latin form so 
considerable a part of every cultivated living language, 
that a dictionary seems to be imperfect without them. 
Polite scholars, indeed, are seldom at a loss for the pro- 
nunciation of words they so frequently meet with in the 
learned languages; but there are groat numbers of re- 
spectable English scholars, who, having only a tincture 
of classical learning, are much at a loss for a knowledge 
of this part of it. It is not only the learned professions 
that require this knowledge, but almost every one above 
the merely mechanical. The professors of painting, stat- 
uary, ami inusick, and those who admire their works ; 
readers of history, politicks, poetry: all who converse on 
subjects ever so little above the vulgar, have so fre- 
quent occasion to pronounce these proper names, that 
whatever tends to render this pronunciation easy must 
necessarily be acceptable to the publick. 

The proper names in Scripture have still a higher claim 
to our attention. That every thing contained in that 
precious repository of divine truth should be rendered as 



easy as possible to ;he reader, cannot be doubted: and 
the very frequent occasions of pronouncing Scripture 
proper names, in a country where reading the Scripture 
makes part of the religious worship, seem to demand 
some work on this subject more perfect than any we have 
hitherto seen. 

I could have wished it had been undertaken by a per- 
son of more learning and leisure than myself; but we 
often wait in vain tor works of this kind, from those 
learned bodies which ought to produce them, and at last 
are obliged, for the best we can get, to the labours of 
some necessitous individual. Being long engaged in the 
instruction of youth, I felt the want of a work of this 
kind, and have supplied it in the best manner I am able. 
If I have been happy enough to be useful, or only so far 
useful as to induce some abler hand to undertake the 
subject, I shall think my labour amply rewarded. I 
shall still console myself with reflecting, that he who has 
produced a prior work, however inferiour to those that 
succeed it, is under a very different predicament from 
him who produces an after-work, inferiour to those that 
have gone before. 



ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE SECOND EDITION. 



THE favourable reception of the first edition of this 
work has induced me to attempt to make it still more 
worthy of the acceptance of the publick, by the addition 
of several critical observations, and particularly by two 
Terminational Vocabularies, of Greek and Latin, and 
Scripture Proper Names. That so much labour should 
be l»estowed upon an inverted arrangement of these 
words when they had already been given in their com- 
mon alphabetical order, may be matter of wonder to 
many persons, who will naturally inquire into the utility 
of such an arrangement. To these it may be answered, 
that the words of all languages seem more related to 
each other by their terminations than by their begin- 

133 



nings; that the Greek and Latin languages seem more 
particularly to be thus related: and classing them ac- 
cording to their endipgs seemed to exhibit a new view of 
these languages, both curious and useful: for, as their 
accent and quantity depend so much on their termination, 
such an arrangement appeared to give an easier and 
more comprehensive idea of their pronunciation than the 
common classification by their initial syllables. This 
end was so desirable as to induce me to spare no pains, 
however dry and disgusting, to promote it; and, if the 
method I have taken has failed, my labour will not b 
entirely lost, if it convinces fu ure prosodists that it 
not worthy of their attention. 

1057 



CONTENTS OF THE INTRODUCTION. 



THE pronunciation of Greek and Latin not so diffi- 
cult as that of our own language . . . Page 1059 

The ancient pronunciation of Greek and Latin a 
subject of great controversy among the learned 1059 

The English, however faulty in their pronunciation 
of Greek and Latin, pronounce them, like other 
European nations, according to the analogy of 
their own language 1059 

Sufficient vestiges remain to prove that the foreign 
pronunciation of the Greek and Latin letters is 
nearer to the ancient than the English— (Note) 1059 

The English pronunciation of Greek and Latin in- 
Tmous to quantity . . ; . . 1059 



No sufficient reason for altering the present pronun- 
ciation on these accounts Page 1060 

Rule for accenting Latin words 1060 

Rule for accenting Greek proper names 1060 

Probable conjecture why the terminations tia and 
tio in Greek appellatives have not the same sound 
as in Latin— (Note) ........... 1060 

Importance of settling the English quantity with 
which we pronounce Greek and Latin proper 
names, and particularly that of the unaccented 
syllables .... .... 1061 



INTRODUCTION. 



THE pronmnciation of the learned languages is much 
more easily acquired than that of our own. Whatever 
might have been the variety of the different dialects 
among the Greeks, and the different provinces of the Ro- 
mans, their languages, now being dead, are generally 
pronounced according to the respective analogies of the 
several languages of Europe, where those languages are 
cultivated, without partaking of those anomalies to which 
the living languages are liable. 

Whether one general, uniform pronunciation of the an- 
cient languages be an object of sufficient importance to 
induce the learned to depart from the analogy of their 
own language, and to study the ancient Latin and Greek 
pronunciation, as they do the etymology, syntax, and 
prosody of those languages, is a question not very easy 
to be decided. The question becomes still more difficult, 
when we consider the uncertainty we are in respecting 
the ancient pronunciation of the Greeks and Romans, 
and how much the learned are divided among themselves 
about it.* Till these points are settled, the English may 
well be allowed to follow their own pronunciation of 
Greek and Latin, as well as other nations, even though 
it should be confessed that it seems to depart more from 
what we can gather of the ancient pronunciation, than 



* Middleton contends, that the initial c before e and i 
ought to be pronounced as the Italians now pronounce 
it; and that Cicero is neither Sisero, as the French and 
English pronounce it ; nor Kikero, as Dr. Bentley as- 
serts ; but Tchitchero, as the Italians pronounce it at 
this day. This pronunciation, however, is derided by 
Lipsius, who affirms, that the c among the Romans had 
always the sound of k. Lipsius says, too, that of all the 
European nations the British alone pronounce the i pro- 
perly ; but Middleton asserts, that of all nations they 
pronounce it the worst. Middleton De Lat. Liter. Pro- 
nun. Dissert. 

Lipsius, speaking of the different pronunciation of the 
letter G in different countries, says: 

Nos hodie (de litera. G loquente) quam peccamus >. 
Italorum enim plerique ut Z exprimunt, Galli et Belgae 
ut Jconsonantem. Itaque illorum est Lezerc, F titer e ; 
nostrum, Lciere, Fuiere, (Lejere, Fujere.) Omnia impe- 
rite, inept e. Germanos saltern audite, quorum sonus hie 
germanus, Legcrc, Tegere ; ut in Lego, Tego, nee un- 
quam variant: at nos ante /, E, JE, Y, semper dicimus- 
que Jemmam, Jatulos, Jinjivam, Jyrum ; pro istis, 
Gemntam, Geetulos, Gingivain, Gyrum. Mutemus aut 
vapolemus. — Lipsius. De Rect. Pron. Ling. Lat. page 71. 
Hinc factum est ut tantain pronunciando vaiietasexti- 
teret ut pauci inter se in literarum sonis consentiant. 
Quod quidem minim non esset, si indocti tantum adoctis 
in eo, ac. non ipsi etiam olioqui eruditi inter se magna 
contentione dissiderent. — Jidolp. Meker. De Lin. Grcec. 
vet. Pronun. cap. ii. page 15. 

f Monsieur Launcelot, the learned author of the Port- 
Royal Greek Grammar, in order to convey the sound of 
the long Greek vowel n, tells us, it is a sound between the 
e and the a, and that Eustathius, who lived towards the 
close of the twelfth century, says that (Irj, (ii), is a sound 
made in imitation of the bleating of a sheep; and quotes 
to this purpose this verse of an ancient writer called 
Cratinus: 

'0 <5' )';XtSiof louvtp Tzpoljdrov, 13% , @rj , \iytov packet. 
Is fatuus perinde ac ovis, be, be, dicens, incedit. 
He, like a silly sheep, goes crying baa. 

Caninius has remarked the same, Hellen. p. 26. E 
3n?um, cu jus sonus in ovium balatu sentitur, ut Cratinus 
et Varro trarliderunt. The sound of the e long may be 
perceived in the bleating of sheep, as Cratinus and Varro 
have handed down to us. 

Eustathius likewise remarks upon the 499 v. of Iliad I. 
that the word BAd'X icmv t>is icXeipvopas J/yo? pturirtKSis 
Kara rovs ira\aiovs ; (ii) e^ct uiuijotv -poftaTuiv (ptovrjg. 
Kpdrtvo;. B/Xot/' est Clepsydrae sonus, ex imitationc se- 
cundum veteres : ct /3*ij imitator vocem ovium. Blops, 
according to the ancients, is a sound in imitation of the 



either the Italian, French, or German.f For why the Eng 
lish should pay a compliment to the learned languages, 
which is not done by any other nation in Europe, it is not 
easy to conceive ; and as the colloquial communication 
of learned individuals of different nations so seldom 
happens, and is an object of so small importance when it 
does happen, it is not much to be regretted that when 
they meet they are scarcely intelligible to each other.J 

But the English are accused not only of departing from 
the genuine sound of the Greek and Roman vowels, but 
of violating the quantity of these languages more than 
the people of any other nation in Europe. The author 
of the Essay upon the Harmony of Language gives us a 
detail of the particulars by which this accusation is 
proved: and this is so true a picture of the English pro- 
nunciation of Latin, that I shall quote it at length, as it 
may be of use to those who are obliged to learn this lan- 
guage without the aid of a teacher : 

" The falsification of the harmony by English scholars 
in their pronunciation of Latin, with regard to essential 
points, arises from two causes only } first, from a total 
inattention to the length of vowel sounds, making them 
long or short merely as chance directs; and, secondly, 
from sounding double consonants as only one letter. 



Clepsydra, as baa is expressive of the voice of sheep. It 
were to be wished that the sound of every Greek vowel 
had been conveyed, to us by as faithful a testimony as the 
ijra ; we should certainly have had a better idea of that 
harmony for which the Greek language was so famous, 
and in which respect duintilian candidly yields it the 
preference to the Latin. 

Aristophanes has handed down to us the pronunciation 
of the Greek diphthong av av, by making it expressive of 
the barking of a dog. This pronunciation is exactly like 
that preserved by nurses and children among us to this 
day in bow wow. This is the sound of the same letters 
in the Latin tongue ; not only in proper names derived 
from Greek, but in every other word where this diph- 
thong occurs. Most nations in Europe, perhaps all but 
the English, pronounce audio and laudo as if written 
owdio and lowdo ; the diphthong sounding like ou in loud. 
Agreeably to this rule, it is presumed that we formerly 
pronounced the upostle Paul nearer the .original than at 
present. In Henry the Eighth's time it was written St. 
Pottle's, and sermons were preached at PouWs Cross. 
The vulgar, generally the last to alter, either for the bet- 
ter or worse, still have a jingling proverb with this pro- 
nunciation, when they say, as old as Ponies. 

The sound of the letter u is no less sincerely preserved 
in Plautus, in Mencech. page 622, edit. Lambin, in making 
use of it to imitate the cry of an owl — 

' ; MEN. Egon' dedi ! PEN. Tu. Tu, istic, inquam, vin' 

afferri ncctuam, 
"Qua? tu, tu. usque dicat tibi .' nam nos jam nos defessi 

sum us/' 
" It appears here," says Mr. Forster, in his defence of 
the Greek accents, page 129, "that an owl's cry was tu. 
tu, to a Roman ear, as it is too, too, to an English.*' 
Lambin, who was a Frenchman, observes on the passage, 
"Alludit ad noctuae vocem seu cantum, tu, tu, seu ton, 
tou." He here alludes to the voice or noise of an owl. 
It may be farther observed, that the English have totally 
departed from this sound of the win their own language, 
as well as in their pronunciation of Latin. 

J Erasmus se adfuisse olim commemorat cum die quo- 
dam solenni complures principum legati ad Maximilia- 
num Tinperatorem salutandi causa advenissent ; Singulos- 
que Galium, Germanum, Danum, Seotum, &c. orationem 
Latinam, ita barbare ac vaste pronunciasse, ut Italis 
quibus-dam, nihil nisi risum moverint, qui eos non Latine 
sed sua, quemque lingua, locutos jur&ssent.-^Jifiddleton, 
De Lat. Lit, Pronun. 

The love of the marvellous prevails over truth : and I 
question if the greatest diversity in the pronunciation of 
Latin exoeeds that of English at the capital and in somo 
of the counties of Scotland, and yet the inhabitants of 
both have po great difficulty in understanding each, 

° thpl - 1059 



INTRODUCTION. 



The remedy of this last fault is obvious. With regard 
to the first, we have already observed, that each of our 
vowels hath its general Ion* sound, and its general short 
sound totally different. Thus the short sound of c length- 
ened is expressed by the letter fl, and the short sound of 
i lengthened is expressed by the letter e .- and with all 
these anomalies usual in the application of vowel charac- 
ters to the vowel sounds of our own language, we pro- 
ceed to the application of vowel sounds to the vowel 
characters of the Latin. Thus, in the first syllable of 
sidus and no men, which ought to be long, and of miner 
and onus, which ought to be short, we equally use the 
common long sound of the vowels ; but in the oblique 
cases, sidens nominis, miseri,oueris, &c, we use quite 
another sound, and that a short one. These strange 
anomalies are not in common to us with our southern 
neighbours, the French, Spaniards, and Italians. They 
pronounce sidus according to our orthography, seedus, 
and in the oblique cases preserve the same long sound of 
the i : nomen tuey pronounce as we do, and preserve in 
the oblique cases the same long sound of the o. The 
Italians also, in their own language, pronounce doubled I 
consonants as distinct ly as the two most discordant mutes 
of their alphabet. Whatever, therefore, they may want 
of expressing the true harmony of the Latin language, 
they certainly avoid the most glaring and absurd faults 
in our manner of pronouncing it. 

" It is a matter of curiosity to observe with what regu- 
larity we use these solecisms in the pronunciation of 
Latin. When the penultimate is accented, its vowel, if 
folbwed but by a single consonant, is always long, as in 
Dr. Forster's examples. When the antepenultimate is ac- 
cented, its vowel is, without any regard to the requisite 
quantity, pronounced short, as in mirdbile, f/igidus ; 
except the vowel of the penultimate be followed by a 
vowel and then the vowel of the antepenultimate is, with 
as little regard to true quantity, pronounced long ; as in 
maneo,rcdeat, odium, impcrium. Quantity is, however, 
vitiated to make i short even in this case, as in oblivio, 
vinea, virium. The only difference we make in pronun- 
ciation between vinea and venia is, that to the vowel of 
the first syllable of the former, which ought to he long, 
we give a short sound ; to that of the latter, which ought 
to be short, we give the same sound, but lengthened. U 
accented is always, before a single consonant, pronounced 
long, as in humerus, fugiens. Before two consonants no 
vowel sound is ever made long, exce]* that of the diph- 
thong uu ; so that, whenever a doubled consonant occurs, 
the preceding syllable is short.* Unaccented vowels we 
treat with no more ceremony in Latin than in our own 
language." Essaij upon the Harmony of Language, 
page ->24. Printed' for Robson, 1774. 

This, it must be owned, is a very just state of the case; 
but, though the Latin quantity is thus violated, it is not, 
as this writer observes in the first part of the quotation, 
merely as chance directs, but, as he afterwards observes, 
negularly, and. he might have added, according to the 
analogy of English pronunciation, which, it may be ob- 
served, has a genius of its own : and which, if not so 
well adapted to the pronunciation of Greek and Latin as 
some other modern languages, has as fixed and settled 
rules for pronouncing them as any other. 

The learned and ingenious author next proceeds to j 
show the advantages of pronouncing our vowels so as to ] 
express the Latin quantity: "We have reason to sup- 
pose," says he, " that our usual accentuation of Latin, | 
however it may want of many elegancies in the pronun- 
ciation of the Augustan age, is yet sufficiep tly just to 
give with tolerable accuracy that part of the general 
harmony of the language of which accent is the efficient. 
We have also pretty full information from the poets 
what syllables ought to have a long, and what a short 
quantity. To preserve, then, in our pronunciation, the 
true harmony of the language, we have only to take care 



to give the vowels a long sound or a short sound, as the 
quantity may require ; and, when doubled consonants 
occur, to pronounce each distinctly." Ibid. Dage £26.\ 

In answer to this plea for alteration, it n.iy be observ- 
ed, that, if this mode of pronouncing Latin be that of 
foreign nat ions, and were really so superiour to our own, 
we certainly must perceive it in the pronunciation of 
foreigners, when we visit them, or they us ■ but I think I 
may appeal to the experience of every one who has had 
an opportunity of making the experiment, that, so far 
from a superiority on the side of the foreign pronuncia- 
tion, it seems much inferiourtoour own. 1 am aware of 
the power of habit, and of its being able, on many occa- 
sions, to make the worse appear the belter reason ; but if 
the harmony of the Latin language depended so much on 
a preservation of the quantity as many pretend, tliis har- 
mony would surely overcome the bias we have to our own 
pronunciation; especially if our own were really so de- 
structive of harmony as it is said to be. Till, therefore, 
we have a more accurate idea of the nature of quantity, 
and of that beauty and harmony of which it is said to 
be the efficient in the pronunciation of Latin, we ought 
to preserve a pronunciation which has naturally sprung 
up in our own soil, and is congenial to our native lan- 
guage. Besides, an alteration of this kind would bo 
attended with so much dispute and uncertainty as must 
make it highly impolitick to attempt it. 

The analogy, then, of our own language being the rule 
for pronouncing the learned languages, we shall have 
little occasion for any other directions for the pronuncia- 
tion of the Greek and Latin proper names, than such as 
are given for the pronunciation of English words. The 
general rules are followed almost without exception. 
The first and most, obvious powers of the letters are 
adopted, and there is scarcely any difficulty but in the 
position of the accent ; and this depends so much on the 
quantity of the vowels, that we need only inspect a dic- 
tionary to find the quantity of the penultimate vowel, 
and this determines the accent of all the Latin words ; 
and, it may be added of almost all Greek words likewise. J 
Now. in our pronunciation of Latin words, whatever be 
the quantity of the first syllable in a word of two sylla- 
bles, we always place the accent on it : but, in words of 
more syllables, if the penultimate be long, we place the ac- 
cent on that ; and if short we accent tne antepenultimate. 

The Rules of the Latin Accentuation are comprised in 
a clear and concise manner by Sanctius within four hex- 
ameters : 

Accentum in se ipsa monosyllaba dictio ponit. 
Exacuit sedem dissylla<bon omne priorem. 
Ex tribus, extollit priinam penultima curta: 
Extollit seipsam quando est penultima longa. 

These rules I have endeavoured to express in English 
verso: 

Each monosyllable has stress of course : 
Words of two syllables the first enforce: 
A syllable that's long, and last but one, 
Must have the accent upon that or none ; 
But if this syllabic be short, the stress 
Must on the last but two its force express. 

The only difference that seems to obtain between the 
pronunciation of the Greek and Latin languages, is that, 
in the Latin, ti and si, preceded by an accent, and follow- 
ed by another vowel forming an improper diphthong, are 
pronounced, as in English, like sh or z/t ; as natio, nation : 
pcrsuasio, persuasion, &.c. ; and that, in the Greek, the 
same letters retain their pure sound, as (bi\uvria, ayvuxria, 
irpofiaTiov, k. r. A.§ This difference, however, with very 
few exceptions, does not extend to proper names ; which, 
coming to us through, and being mingled with, the Latin, 
fall into the general rule. In the same manner, though in 
Greek it was an established maxim, that if the last sylla- 



* This corruption of the true quantity is not, however, 
peculiar to the English •, for Bcza complains in his coun- 
try: Hincenim fit ut in Graeca oratione vel nullum, vcl 
prorsus corruptum numerum intelligas,dum multse breves 
prodncuntur, et contra plurimre longa; corripiuntur. — Be- 
la de Germ. Pron. Greece Linguae, p. 50. 

t By what this learned author has observed of our 
vicious pronunciation of the vowels, by the long and short 
sound of them, and from the instances he has given, he 
must mean that length and shortness which arises from 
extending and contracting them, independently of the I 
obstruction which two consonants are supposed to occa- 
sion in forming the long quantity. Thus we are to pro- 
nounce manus as if written and divided into man-nus ; 
and pannus as if written pay-nus, or as we always hear 
the word panis (bread) ; for in this sound of pannus 
there seems to be no necessity for pronouncing the two 
consonants distinctly or separately, which he seems to 
niean by distinctly, because the quantity is shown by the 
long sound of the vowel: but if by distinctly he means 



separately, that is, as if what is called in French the 
clicva or mute e were to follow the first consonant, this 
could not be done without adding a syllable to the word , 
and the word pannus would in that case certainly have 
three syllables, as if written pan-eh-nvs. — See Observa- 
tions on the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity, 
sect. 24. 

X That is, in the general pronunciation of Greek ; for, 
let the written accent be placed where it will, the quanti- 
tative accent, as it may be called, follows the analogy of 
the Latin. 

§ " The Greek language," says the learned critick, " was 
happy in not being understood by the Goths, who would as 
certainly have corrupted the t in alria, um'ov, &c, into 
alma, £>aiov, &c. as they did the Latin motio and docco 
into moshio and dosheo."* This, however, may be ques- 
tioned; for if, in Latin words, this impure sound of t takes 
place only in those words where the accent is on the pre- 
* Ainsworth on the letter 7" 
1060 



INTRODUCTION. 



hie was long, the accent could scarcely lie higher than the ] 
pe.iultimate ; yet in our pronunciation of Greek, ami par- 

ticularly of proper names, the Lnt'u analogy of the accent i 
is adopted: and, though the last syllable is long in De- 
mo$thenes,Jlristophanes, TAeramewes,and Deiplmbc, yvi, i 
as the penultimate is short, the accent is placed on the 
antepenultimate, exactly as if they were Latin.* 

As these languages have been long dead, they admit of ! 
no new varieties of accent like the living languages. The j 
common accentuation of Creek and Latin may be seen in I 
Lexicons and Graduses ; and where the ancients indulged i 
a variety, and the moderns are divided in their opinions J 
about the most classical accentuation of words, it would i 
be highly improper, in a work intended for general use, 
to enter mto the thorny disputes of the learned; and it j 
may bo truly said, in the rhyming adage, 

When doctors disagree, 
Disciples then are free. 



ceding vowel, as in natio, facio, &c, but not when the 
accent follows the t, and is on the following vowel, as in 
satietus, societas, &c, why should we suppose any other 
mode of pronunciation would have been adopted by the 
Goths in their pronouncing the Greek! Now, no rule of 
pronunciation is more uniform in the Greek language than 
that which places an acute accent on the iota at the end of 
words, v hen this letter is succeeded by a long vowel ; and, 
consequently, if the accent be preserved upon the proper 
letter, it is impossible the preceding t and a' should go into 
the sound of sk .• why, therefore, may we not suppose that 
the very frequent accentuation of the penultimate i before 
a final vowel preserved the preceding t from going into 
the sound of sA, as it was a difference of accentuation 
that occasioned this impure sound of t in the Latin lan- 
guage ? for, though i at the end of words, when followed 
by a long vowel, or a vowei once long and afterwards 
contracted, had always the accent on it in Greek ; in Latin 
the accent was always on the preceding syllable in words j 
of this termination: and hence seems to have arisen the 
corruption of t in the Gothick pronunciation of the Latin 
language. 

It is highly probable, that, in Lucian's time, the Greek 
r, when followed by i and another vowel, had not assumed 
the sound of er ; for the sigma would not have failed to 
accuse him of a usurpation of her powers, as he had done 
of her character : and, if we have preserved the r pure in 
this situation when we pronounce Greek, it is, perhaps, j 
rather to he placed to the preserving power of the ac- ! 
cented i in so great a number of words, than any adhe- j 
rence to the ancient rules of pronunciation, which inva- | 
riably affirm, tha'. the consonants had but one sound; ! 
unless wo except thj y before y, k , %, £ J as ayytXoi, [ 



This, however, has not been entirely neglected. Wrier 
there has been any considerable diversity of accentuation 
among our pr< sodists, [ have consulted the best authori- 
ties, and have sometimes ventured to decide: though, aa 
Labbe says, "Sed his de rebus, ut aliis multis, mulo doc- 
tiorum judicium expectare, quani meam in medium pro 
ferrc seutentiam." 

But the most important object of the present work is 
settling the English quantity, (see Rules 20,21,22,) with 
which we pronounce Greek and Lat'i proper names, and 
the sounds of some of the consonants. These are points 
in a state of great uncertainty, and are to be settled, not 
so much by a deep knowledge of the dead languages, as 
by a thorough acquaintance with the analogies and gene- 
ral usage of our own tongue. These must, in the nature 
of things, enter largely into the pronunciation of a dead 
language ; and it is from an attention to these that the 
author hopes he has given to the publick a work not en- 
tirely unworthy of their acceptance. 



ciyKvpa. ay%icTa, k. t. A. where the y is sounded like v : 
but this, says Henry Stephens, isanerrourof the copyists, 
who have a little extended the bottom of the v, and made 
a y of it ; for, says he, it. is ridiculous to suppose that v 
was changed into y, and at the same time that y should 
be pronounced like v. On the contrary, Scaliger says, that 
where we find a v before these letters, as avKvpn, it is an 
errour of the copyists, who imagined they better expressed 
the pronunciation by this letter; which, as Vossius ob- 
serves, should seem to demand something particular and 
uncommon. 

It is reported of Pcaliger, that, when he was accosted 
by a Scotchman in Latin, he begged his pardon for not 
understanding- him, as he had never learned the Fcotch 
language. It this were the case with the pronunciation 
of a Scotchman, which is so near that of the continent, 
what would he have said to the Latin pronunciation of 
an Englishman ! I take it, however, that this diversity is 
greatly exaggerated. 

* This, however was contrary to the general practice of 
the Romans ; for Victorinus in his Grammar says, Grmea 
nomina, si iisdem Uteris proferuntur, (Latine versa) 
Grcecos accentus habebunt i nam cum dicimus Thyas, 
JVtti's, acutum habebit posterior accentum; et cum The- 
mistio, Calypso, Theano, ultimam circumfleoti videbimus, 
quod utrumque Latinus sermo non patitur, nisi admodum 
raro. " If Greek nouns turned into Latin are pronounced 
with the same letters, they have the Greek accent : for, 
when we say Thyas, Nais, the latter syllable has the 
acute accent; and when we pronounce Thewistio, Calyp- 
so, Theano, we see the last syllable is circumflexed ; nei- 
ther of which is ever seen in Latin words, or very rarely." 
Servius. Forstzr. Reply, page 31, Notes 32, bott 

1061 



RULES 

FOR PRONOUNCING THE VOWELS OF 

GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES, 



1. EVERY vowel ? with the accent on it, at the end of a 
syllable, is pronounced,as in English,with its first long open 
sound: thus Ca'to,* Thilome'la, Ori'on, Pho'cion, Lu'ci- 
fer, &c, have the accented vowels sounded exactly as in 
the English words pa'per, me'tre, spVder, no'ble, tu'tor, 
&c. 

2. Every accented vowel, not ending a syllable, but fol- 
lowed by a consonant, has the short sound as in English : 
thus Man 1 Hits, Pen'theus, Pin'darus, Col'chis, Cur'tius, 
&c, have the short sound of the accented vowels, as in 
man'ncr, plen'ty, prin'ter, col'lar, cur'few, &c. 

3. Every final t, though unaccented, has the long open 
sound: thus the final i forming the genitive case, as in 
magis'tri, or the plural number, as in De'cii, has the long 
open sound, as in vi'al ,• and this sound we give to this 
vowel in this situation, because the Latin i final in geni- 
tives, plurals, and preterperfect tenses of verbs, is al- 
ways long ; and consequently, where the accented i is 
followed by i final, both are pronounced with the long 
diphthongal i, like the noun eye, as Achi'vi.'f 

4. Every unaccented i, ending a syllable not final, as that 
in the second of Alcibiades, the Ilernici, &c, is pronoun- 
ced like e, as if written Alcebiadcs, the Herneci, &c. So 
the last syllable but one of the Fabii, the Horatii, the 
Curiatii, &c, is pronounced as if written Fa-bc-i, Ho-ra- 
s>ie-i, Cu-re-a-she-i ; and therefore, if the unaccented i and 
the diphthong <z conclude a word, they are both pronoun- 
ced like e, as Harpyim, Ilar-py'-e-e. 

5. The diphthongs ai and az, ending a syllable with the 
accent on it, are pronounced exactly like the long English 
c, as Ccosar, (Eta, &c, as if written Cee'sar, E'ta, &x. ; 
and like the short e, when followed by a consonant in the 
same syllable, as Daedalus, (Edipus, &c, pronounced as if 
written Deddalus, Eddipus, &c. The vowels ei are gen- 
erally pronounced like long t.J — For the vowels eu in final 
syllables, see the word Idomeneus ; and for the ou in the 
same syllables, see the word Antinou9, and similar words, 
in the Terminational Vocabulary. 

6. Y is exactly under the same predicament as t. It is 
Jong when ending an accented syllable, as Cy'i-us ; or when 
ending an unaccented syllable, if final, as JE'gy, JE'py, 
&c. ; short when joined to a consonant, in the same sylla- 
ble, as Lyc'idas ; and sometimes long and sometimes short, 
when ending an initial syllable not under the accent, as 
Ly-cur'-gus, pronounced with the first syllable like lie, a 
falsehood ; and Lysimachus, with the first syllable like 
the first of legion ; or nearly as if divided into Lys-im'- 
a-chus, &c. See Principles of English Pronunciation, 
No. 117, 118, &c, and 185, 186, 187. " 

7. A, ending an unaccented syllable, has the same ob- 
scure sound as in the same situation in English words ; 
but it is a sound bordering on the Italian a, or the a in 
fa-ther, as Dia'na, where the difference between the 
accented and unaccented a is palpable. See Principles 



* This pronunciation of Cato, Plato, Cleopatra, &c, 
has been but lately adopted, duin, and all the old dra- 
mat.ick school, used to pronounce the a in these and similar 
words like the a in father. Mr. Garrick, with great good 
sense, as well as good taste, brought in the present pro- 
nunciation, and the propriety of it has made it now uni- 
versal. 

t This is the true analogical pronunciation of this 
letter, when ending an accented syllable ; but a most dis- 
graceful affectation of foreign pronunciation has exchan- 
ged this full diphthongal sound for the meager, squeezed 
sound of the French and Italian i, not only in almost every 
word derived from those languages, but in many which 
are purely Latin, as Faustina, Messalina, &c. Nay, 
words from the Saxon have been equally perverted, and 
we hear the i in Elfrida, Edwina, &c, turned into El- 
freeda, Edweena, &c. It is true this is the sound the 
Romans gave to their i ; but the speakers here alluded to 
are perfectly innocent of this, and do not pronounce it in 
this manner for its antiquity, but its novelty. 



of English Pronunciation prefixed to the Critical Pro- 
nouncing Dictionary, No. 92, and the letter A. 

8. E final, either with or without the preceding conso- 
nant, always forms a distinct syllable, as Penelope, Hyp- 
pocrene, Evoc, Amphitrite, &c. When any Greek or 
Latin word is anglicised into this termination, by cutting 
off" a syllable of the original, it becomes then an English 
word, and is pronounced according to our own analogy 
thus Acidalius, altered to Acidale, has the final e sunk, 
and is a word of three syllables only: Proserpine, from 
Proserpina, undergoes the same alteration. Thebes and 
Athens, derived from the Greek Bt]{3r] and A6>??v>7,and the 
Latin Thebm and Athtnm, are perfectly anglicised; the 
former into a monosyllable, and the latter into a dissyl- 
lable : and the Greek KovTn and the Latin Creta have 
both sunk into the English monosyllable Crete : Hecate, 
likewise, pronounced in threo syllables when Latin, and in 
the same number in the Greek word KKarrj, in English is 
universally contracted into two, by sinking the final e. 
Shakspeare seems to have begun, as he has now confirmed 
this pronunciation, by so adapting the word in Macbeth : 

"Why, how now, Hecat'? you look angerly." — Act IV 

Perhaps this was no more than a poetical license in him ; 
but the actors have adopted it in the songs in this tragedy: 

" He-cate, He-caie, come away" 

And the play-going world, who form no small portion of 
what is called the better sort of people, have followed the 
actor3 in this word, and the rest of the world have follow- 
ed them. 

The Roman magistrate, named mdilis, is anglicised br 
pronouncing it in two syllables, m'dile. The capital of 
Sicily, Syracuse, of four syllables, is made three in the 
English Syr'acusc ; and the city of Tyrus, of two sylla- 
bles, is reduced to a monosyllable in the English Tyre. 

Rules for 'pronouncing the Consonants of Greek and 
Latin Proper Names. 

9. C and g are hard before a, o, and w, as Cato, Comus, 
Cures, Qalba, Gorgon, &c. ; and soft before e, i, and y, 
as Cebcs, Scipio, Scylla, Cinna, Oeryon, Geta, Gillus 
Gyges, Gijmnosophistce, &c.§ 

10. T, s, and c, before ia, ie, ii, io, iu, and eu, preceded 
by the accent, in Latin words, as in English, change into 
sh and zh, as Tatian, Statius, Portius, Portia, Socias, 
Caduccus, Accius, Helvetii, Masia, Hesiod, &c, pronoun- 
ced Tashean, Stasheus, Porsheus, Porshea, Sosheas, Ca- 
dusheus, Aksheus, Helveshei, Meihea, Hezheod, &c. See 
Principles of English Pronunciation, No. 357, 450. 
451, 459, 463. But. when the accent is on the first of the 
diphthongal vowels, the preceding consonant does not go 



| See Elegeia, Hygeia, &c, in the Terminational 
Vocabulary of Greek and Latin Proper Names. 

$ That this general rule should be violated by smattcrers 
in the learned languages, in such words as gymnastich, 
heterogeneous, &c, is not to be wondered at ; but that 
men of real learning, who do not want to show them- 
selves off to the vulgar by such inuendoes of their erudi- 
tion, should give into this irregularity, is really surprising. 
We laugh at the pedantry of the age of James the First, 
where there is scarcely a page in any English book, that 
is not sprinkled with twenty Greek and Latin quotations ; 
and yet do not see the similar pedantry of interlarding 
our pronunciation with Greek and Latin sounds ; which 
may be affirmed to be a greater perversion of our lan- 
guage than the former. In the one case, the introduction 
of Greek and Latin quotations does not interfere with the 
English phraseology; but in the other the pronunciation 
is disturbed, and a motley jargon of sounds introduced 
as inconsistent with true taste as it is with neatness and 
uniformity. 

1062 



RULES FOR PRONOUNCING GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



into sh, but preserves its sound pure, as Miltiadrs, Anti- 
ates, &.c. See the word Satikty, in the Critical Pronoun- 
cing Dictionary. 

ll. 7" and s, in proper names, ending in tia, sia, cyon, 
ami sion, preceded by the accent, change the t and 9 into sh 
and zh. Tims Phocion, Sicyon, Cercyon, are pronounced 
exactly in our own analogy, as if written Phushcan, 
Sishean, and Sershean: Artem isia and Aspasia sound as 
if written Artemizhca and Aspazhea : Oalatia, Aratia, 
Alalia, and Balia, as if written Galaskea,Arashea, Alo- 
shea, and Bashea: and if .tftiu, the town in Campania, is 
not so pronounced, it is to distinguish it from .#»•*«, the 
eastern region of the world. But the termination tion (of 
which there are not even twenty examples in proper names 
throughout the whole Greek and Latin languages) seems 
to preserve the t from going into sh, as the last remnant 
of a learned pronunciation; and to avoid, as much as 
possible, assimilating with so vulgar an English termina- 
tion : thus, though JEsion, Jasion, Diunysion, change 
the s into I, as if written»»32zio«, Jaiion, Dioniiion, the 
z does not become zh : but Philistion, Gration,Eurytion, 
Dotion, Androtion, Hippotion, Iphilion, Ornytion, Me- 
lton, Polytion, Stration, Sotion, JEantion, Pallantion, 
JEtion, Hippocration, and Ampkyction. preserve the t in 
its true sound: Hephwstion, however, from the frequency 
of appearing with Alexander, has deserted the small class 
of his Greek companions, and joined the English multi- 
tude, by rhyming with question ; and Tatian and The- 
odotion seem perfectly anglicised. With very, very few 
exceptions, therefore, it may be concluded, that Greek 
and Latin proper names are pronounced alike, and that, 
both of them follow the analogy of English pronunciation. 
1'2. Ch. These letters before a vowel are always pro- 
nounced like k, as Chabrias, Colchis, &c. ; but when they 
come before a mute consonant at the beginning of a word, 
as in Chthonia, they are mute, and the word is pronoun- 
ced as if written Thonia. Words beginning with Sche, 
as Schedius, Scheria, &c, are pronounced as if written 
Skedius. Skeria, &c. ; and c before n in the Latin praeno- 
men C>ieusor Cn/vus, is mute ; so in Cnopus,Cnosus, &c, 
and before t ia Cteatus, and g before n in Gnidus ; pro- 
nounced JVopus, Nosus, Teatus, and Nidus. 

13. At the beginning of Greek words we frequently find 
theuncombinable consonants mn,tm,&.c, as Mnemosyne, 
Mnesidamus, Mneus, Mnesteus, Tmolus, &c. These are 
to be pronounced with the first consonant mute, as if 
written JVemosyne, Nesidamus, Neus, Nesleus, Molus, 
&c, in the same manner as we pronounce the words 
bdellium, pneumatick, gnomon, mnemonicks, &c, without 
the initial consonant. The same may be observed of the 
c hard like k, when it comes before t, as Ctesiphon, Ctesip- 
pus, ice. Some of these words we see sometimes writ- 
ten with an e or i after the first consonant, as Menesleus, 
Timolus,&.c, and then the initial consonant is pronounced. 

14. PA, followed by a consonant, is mute, as Phthia, 
Phthiotis, pronounced Thia, Thiotis, in the same manner 
as the naturalized Greek word Phthisick, pronounced 
Tisick. 

15. Ps : p is mute also in this combination, as Psyche, 
Psammetichus, &.C., pronounced Syke, Sammeticus, &cc. 

16. Pt : p is mute in words beginning with these letters, 
when followed by a vowel, as Ptolemy, Ptcrilas, &c, pro- 
nounced Tolemy, Terilas,&cc: but when followed by I, 
the t is heard, as in Tlepolemus .• for, though we have no 
words of our own with these initial consonants, we have 
many words that end with them, and they are certainly 
pronounced. The same may be observed of the z in 
Zmilaces. 

17. The letters s, x, and z, require but little observation, 
being generally pronounced as in pure English words. It 
may, however, be remarked, that *, at the end of words, 
preceded by any of the vowels but e, has its pure hissing 
sound ; as mas, dis, os, mus,£cc: but when e precedes, it 
goes into the sound of z, as pes, Thersites, vates, &c. 
It may also be observod, that, when it ends a word pre- 
eeded by r or n, it has the sound of z. Thus the letter s 
in mens, Mars, mors, &c, has the same sound as in the 
English words hens, stars, wars, Sec. X, when beginning 
a word or syllable, ii pronounced like z ; as Xerxes, Xen- 
ophon, &c, are pronounced Zerkies, Zenophon, &c. Z is 
uniformly pronounced as in English words: thus the z in 
Zeno and Zeugma is pronounced as we hear it in zeal, 
zone, &c 

Rules for ascertaining tfie English Quantity of Greek 
and Latin Proper Names. 

18. It may at first be observed, that, in words of two syl- 
lables, with but one consonant in the middle, whatever be 
the quantity of the vowel in the first syllable in Greek or 
Latin, we always make it long in English : thus Crates, 



* The only word occurring to me at present, where this 
rub u not observed, is canon, a rule, which ia always 



the philosopher, and crates, a hurdle ; decut, honour, and 
dedo.lo give up; ovo, to triumph, and ovum, an egg; JVwwia, 
the legislator, and Jfumen, the divinity, have the first vow- 
el always sounded equally long by an English speaker, al- 
though in Latin the first vowel in the first word of each 
of these pairs is short.* 

19. On the contrary, words of three syllables, with the 
accent on the first, and with but one consonant after the 
first syllable, have that syllable pronounced short, let the 
Greek or Latin quantity be what it will : thus regulus 
and renters mifntewrano minium, are heard with the first 
vowel short in English pronunciation, (though the first 
word of each pail has its first syllable long in Latin;) and 
the u in fumigo and fugito is pronounced long in both 
words, though in Latin the last u is short. Tins rule is» 
never broken but when the first syllable is followed by e 
or i followed by another vowel : in this case the vowel in 
the first syllable is long, except that vowel be i: thus 
lamia, genius, Libya, doceo, cupio, have the accent on the 
first syllable, and this syllable is pronounced long in every 
word but Libya, though in the original it is equally short 
in all. 

20. It must have frequently occurred to those who in- 
struct youth, that, though the quantity of the accented 
syllable of long proper names has been easily conveyed, 
yet, that the quantity of the preceding unaccented sylla- 
bles has occasioned some embarrassment. An appeal to 
the laws of our own language would soon have removed 
the perplexity, and enablad us to pronounce the initial 
unaccented syllables with as much decision as the others. 
Thus every accented antepenultimate vowel but u, even 
when followed by one consonant only, is, in our pronuncia- 
tion of Latin, as well as in English, short : thus fabula, 
separo, diligo, nobilis, cucumis, have the first vowels pro- 
nounced as in the English words capital, celebrate, s-imo- 
ny, solitude, luculent, in direct opposition to the Latin 
quantity, which makes every antepenultimate vowel, in all 
these words but the last, long; and this we pronounce 
long, though short in Latin. But, if a semi-consonant 
diphthong succeed, then every such vowel is long but i, in 
our pronunciation of both languages ; and Euganeus, 
Eugenia, Jilius, folium, dubia, have the vowel in the ante- 
penultimate syllable pronounced exactly as in the English 
words satiate, menial, delirious, notorious, penurious ; 
though they are all short in Latin but the i, which we 
pronounce short, though in the Latin it is long. 

21. The same rule of quantity takes place in those syl- 
lables which have the secondary accent: for, as we pro- 
nounce lamentation, demonstration, diminution, domina- 
tion, lucubi ation, with every vowel in the first syllable 
short but u, so we pronounce the same vowels in the same 
manner in lamentatio, demonstrate, diminutio, domina- 
tio, and lucubratio: but, if a semi-consonant diphthong suc- 
ceed the secondary accent, as in Ariovistus, Heliodorus, 
Gabinianus, Herodianus, and Volusianus, every vowel 
preceding the diphthong is long but i ; just as we should 
pronounce these vowels in the English words amiability, 
mediatorial, propitiation, excoriation, centuriator, &.c. 
For the nature of the secondary accent, see Principles 
of English Pronunciation, No. 544. 

22. But, to reduce these rules into a smaller compass, 
that they may be more easily comprehended and remem- 
bered, it may be observed, that, as we always shorten 
every antepenultimate vowel with the primary accent but 
tt, unless followed by a semi-consonant diphthong, though 
this antepenultimate vowel is often long in Greek and 
Latin, as JEschijlus, JEschines, &c, and the antepenul- 
timate t,even though it be followed by such a diphthong, 
as Eleusinia, Ocrisia, &c, — so we shorten the first syl- 
lable of JEsculapius, JEnobarbus, &c, because the first 

i syllable of both these words has the secondary accent : 
but we pronounce the same vowels long in *tEthiopia, 
JEgialeus, Haliartus, &c, because this accent is followed 
by a semi-consonant diphthong. 

23. This rule sometimes holds good where a mute and 
liquid intervene, and determines the first syllable of Adri- 
an, Adriatick, &c, to be long like ay, and not short like 
add : and it is on this analogical division of the words, 
so little understood or attended to, that a perfect and a 
consistent pronunciation of them depends. It is this 
analogy that determines the first u to be long in sbupidus, 
and the y short in clypea, though both are short in the 
Latin ; and the o in the first syllable of Coriolanus, which 
is short in Latin, to be long in English. 

24. The necessity of attending to the quantity of the 
vowel in the accented syllabic has sometimes produced a 
division of words in the followingVocabulary that does not 
seem to convey the actual pronunciation. Thus the word.-* 
Sulpitius, Anicium, Artemisium, &c, being divided into 
Sul-pW-i-us, A-nic'-i-um, Ar-te-mis'-i-um, &c, we fancy 
the syllable after the accent deprived of a consonant 
closely united with it in sound, and which, from such a 



pronounced like the word cannon^ a piece of ord- 
nance. 



RULES FOR PRONOUNCING GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



union, derives an aspirated sound, equivalent to sh. But, I j 
as the sound of t, c, or s, in this situation, is so generally ] j 
understood, it was thought more eligible to divide the \< 
words iin this manner, than into Sul-pi'-ti-us, A-ni'-ci-um, I 
Ar-tc-mi'-si-um, as, in the latter mode, the i wants its 
shortening consonant, and might, by some speakers, he 
pronounced, as it generally is in Scotland, like ee. The 
same may he observed of c and *, when they end a sylla- 
ble, and are followed by e or i, as in Ac-c-ra'-tus, Ac-i- 
da-li-a, Tig-el-U'-nus, Teg'-y-ra, &c; where the c and g 
ending a syllable, we at first sight think them to have 
their hard sound ; but, by observing the succeeding vowel, 
we soon perceive them to be soft, and only made to end a 
syllable in order to determine the shortness of the vowel 
which precedes. 

525. The general rule, therefore, of quantity, indicated 
by the syllabication adopted in the Vocabulary, is, that, 
when a consonant ends a syllable, the vowel is always 
short, whether the accent be on it or not; and that, when 
a vowel ends a syllable with the accent on it, it is al- 
ways long: that the vowel u, when it ends a syllable, is 
long, whether the accent be on it or not ; and that the vow- 
ed i, (3,) (4, ) when it ends a syllable without the accent, 
is pronounced like e ; but, if the syllable be final, it has its 
long open sound, its if the accent were on it; and the same 
may be observed of the letter y. 

Rides for placing the Accent of Greek and Latin 
Proper Names. 

~6. Words of two syllables, either Greek or Latin, 
whatever he the quantity in the original, have, in English 
pronunciation, the accent on the first syllable: and, if a 
single consonant come between two vowels, the conso- 
nant goes to the last syllable, and the vowel in the first is 
Jong; as Cato, Ceres, Comus, &.c. See Principles of 
English Pronunciation No. 503, and the word Drama. 

27. Polysyllables, adopted whole from Ihc Greek or 
Latin into English, have generally the accent of the Lat- 
in: that is, if the penultimate be long, the accent is on 
it, as Sevcrus, Democedes, &c. ; if short, the accent is on 
the antepenultimate, as Demosthenes, Aristophanes, 
Po-ithumus, &c. See Introduction. 

28. When Greek or Latin proper names are anglicised, 
either by an alteration of the letters, or by cutting ofT the 
latter syllables, the accent of the original, as in appella- j 
lives under the same predicament, is transferred nearer ; 
to the beginning of the word. Thus Proserpina 1ms the 
accent on the second syllable; but, when altered to Pros- \ 
erpine, it transfers the accent to the first. The same may j 
be observed of Homer us. Virgilius, Horatius, &c, when 
anglicised to Homer, Virgil, Horace, &c. See the word 
Academy, in the Critical Pronouncing Dictionary. 

"29. As it is not very easy, therefore, so it is not 
necessary, to decide where doctors disagree. When rea- 
sons lie deep in Greek and Latin etymology, the current 
pronunciation will be followed, let the learned do all they 
can to hinder it • thus, after Hyperion has been accented 
by our best poets, according to our own analogy, with the 
accent on the antepenultimate, as Shakspeare: 



" Hype'riorfs curls, the front of Jove himself. 



Hamlet. 



-that was to this 



" Hvpe'rioit to a satvr." — Ibid. 



-next day after dawn, 



u Doth rise and help Hype'rion to his horse." — Hen. V 

So Cooke, in his translation of HesioaVs Theogony, fol- 
lows the accentuation of Shakspeare: 

" Hyperion and Japhet, brothers, join : 

" Then and Rhea of this ancient line 

" Descend ; and Themis boasts the source divine." 

tl The fruits of Tliia and Hyperion rise, 
il And with refulgent lustre light the skies. 1 ' 

After this established pronunciation,! say, how hopeless, 
as well as useless, would it be to attempt the penultimate 
accen'uation. which yet ought, undoubtedly, to he pre- 
served in reading or speaking Greek or Latin composi- 
tions ; but, in reading or speaking English, must be left to 
those who would rather appear learned than judicious. 
But Acrion. Arion, Amphion. Echion, Orion, Irion, 
Pandion, Asion, Alphion, JErion, Ophion, Methion, 
Axion, Eion, Thlezion. and Sandion, preserve their pe- 
nultimate accent invariably: while Ethalion, a word of 
the same form and origin, is pronounced with the accent 
on the antepenultimate, like Deucalion and Pygmalion: 
and this, if I mistake not, is the common pronunciation 



of a ship in the British navy, so called from the name of 
one of the Argonauts, w hoaccompanied Jason in his expe- 
dition to Colchis to fetch the golden fleece. 

30. The same dilticuJty of deciding between common 
usage and classical pro .riety, appears in words ending in 
ia, as Alexandria, Aviior.hia, Selcucia, Saviuria, Iphi- 
genia, and several others, which were pronounced by our 
ancestors, as appears from their poetry, according to our 
own analogy, with the accent on the antepenultimate syl- 
lable; and there i? no doubt but every word of this form 
would have fallen into the same accentuation, if classica 1 
criticism had not stepped in and prevented it. A philo- 
sophical grammarian would be apt to think we are not 
much obliged to scholars for this interruption of the ver- 
nacular current of pronunciation; but, as there is so 
plausible a plea as that of reducing words to their ori- 
ginal languages, and as a knowledge of these languages 
will always be an honourable distinction among men," it 
is strongly to be suspected, that these words will not long 
continue in their plain, homespun English dress. This 
critical correction, however, seems to have come too late 
for some words, which, as Pope expresses it, have ' slid 
into verse," and taken possession ot our ears : and there- 
fore, perhaps, the best May of disposing of them will be 
to consider them as the ancients did the quantity of cer- 
tain doubtful syllables, and to pronounce them either way. 
Some, however, seem always to have preserved the accent 
of their original language, as Thalia and Sophia: but 
Ipliigenia. Antiochia, Selcucia, and Samaria, have gen- 
erally yielded to the English antepenultimate accent. ; and 
Erythia, Deia]amia, Laodamia, Hippodamia, Apamia, 
Ilithyia, and Orithyia, from their seldom appearing in 
mere English composition, have not often been drawn 
aside into plain English pronunciation. The same may be 
observed of words ending in nicus or nice: if they are 
compounded of the Greek vitoj, the penultimate syllable 
is always long and must have the accent, as Straloniciis, 
Berenice, &c. : if this termination be what is called a 
gentile, signifying a man by his country, the penultimate 
is short, and the accent is on the antepenultimate; as 
Maccdonicus, Sardonicus, Britannicus, &c. See A»- 

DRONICUS. 

31. Thus we see many of these proper names are of 
dubious accentuation : and the authorities which may be 
produced on both sides sufficiently show us the inutility 
of criticising beyond a certain point. It is in these as in 
many English words: there are some which, if mispro- 
nounced, immediately show a want of education; and 
there are others which, though not pronounced in the 
most erudite manner, stamp no imputation of ignorance 
or illiteracy. To have a general knowledge, therefore, of 
the pronunciation of these words, seems absolutely neces- 
sary for those who would appear respectable in the more 
respectable part of society. Perhaps no people on earth 
are so correct in the accentuation of proper names as 
the learned among the English. T'e Port-Royal Gram- 
mar informs us, that, " notwithstanding all the rules that 
can be given, we are often under the necessity of sub- 
mitting to custom, and of accommodating our pronunci- 
ation to what is received among the learned, according 
to the country we are in." u So we pronounce," says 
the grammarian, " Aristo'bulus. Basi'lius, Idirlium, with 
the accent on the antepenultimate, though the penul- 
timate is long, because it is the custom : and, on the 
contrary, we pronounce Andre' as, ide'a, Mari'a, &c, with 
the accent on the penultimate, though it is short, became 
it is the custom of the most learned. The Italians" con-, 
tinues he, " place the accent on the penultimate of anto- 
vomasi'a, harmovi'a, philosophi'a. theologi-a, anil similar 
words, according to the Greek accent, because, as Ricei- 
olius observes, it is the custom of their country. Alvarez 
and Gretser think we ought always to pronounce them in 
this manner, though the custom, not only of Germany and 
Spain, byt. of all France, is against it: but Nebrisseftgis 
authorizes this last pronunciation, and says, that it is 
better to place the accent of these vowels on the antepe- 
nultimate syllable ; which shows " concludes the gram- 
marian, "that, when we once depart from the ancient 
rules, we have but little certainty in practice, which is so 
different in different countries." 

But, however uncertain and desultory the accentuation 
of many words mav he, it is a great satisfaction to a 
speaker to know that they are so. There is a wide dif- 
ference between pronouncing words of 1 his kind igno- 
rantly and knowingly. A person, who knows that scholars 
themselves diifer in the pronunciation of these words, 
can always pronounce with security : but one, who is un- 
acnuainted with the state of the accent, is mot sure that 
he is right when he really is so, and always pronounces 
at his peril. 



*** It is hoped the candid peruser of this work will 
make. allowances for an occasional errour in dividing a 
syllable or placing an accent, when he reflects on the 
difficulty with which such a work must necessarily be at- 



tended. The author flatters himself, however, that such 
attention has been paid both to the compilation and the 
proofs, that the fewest errours imaginable have escapea. 

him - 1064 



PRONUNCIATION 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES, 



INITIAL VOCABULARY. 



*»* When a word is succeeded by a word printed in 
Itahcks, the latter word is merely to spell the former as 
it ought to be pronounced. Thus A-ban'-ske-as is the 
true pronunciation of the preceding word A-ban'-ti-as : 
and so of the rest. 

*** The figures annexed to the words refer to the 
Rules prefixed to the work. Thus the figure 3 after 
A-chte'-i refers to Rule the 3d, for the pronunciation of 
the final i ; and the figure 4 after A'-bi-i refers to Rule 



the 4th, for the pronunciation of the unaccented i, not 
final: and so of the rest. 

*** When the letters Eng. are put after a word, it is 
to show that this word is the preceding word anglicised. 
Thus Lu'-can, Eng. is the Latin word Lu-ca'-nus, chan- 
ged into the English Lucan. 

[The letter (a) annexed to a word, refers the reader to 
Notices respecting Walker's Pronunciation of several 
Words, found on page 1134.] 



AB 

*A'-BA and A'-bae 
Ab'-a-a 

Ab -a-ba 

Ab-a-ce'-ne 8 

Ab-a-ga 

Ab-a-lus 20 

fA-ba'-na 7 

A-ban'-tes 

A-ban'-ti-as 10 

A-ban'-she-as 

Ab-an-ti'-a-des 1 

A-ban'-ti-das 4 

A-ban'-tis 

Ab-ar-ba'-re-a 7 

Ab'-a-ri 3 

A-bar'-i-moa 4 

Ab'-a-ris 7 

A-ba'-rus 1 

A<-bas 1 

A-ba'-sa 1 7 

Ab-a-si'-tia 7 1 

Ab-as-se'-na 1 7 

Ab-as-se'-ni 

A-bas'-sus 7 

Ab'-a-tos 7 

Ab-da-lon'-i-mus 4 

Ab-de'-ra 1 7 

Ab-de'-ri-a 14 7 

Ab-de-ri-tes 1 

Ab-de'-rus 1 

A-he'-a-tas 7 15 

A-bel'-la 7 

Ab-el-li'-nus 

A'-bi-a 1 4 7 
A-ben'-da 7 
Ab'-ga-rus 
A'-bi-i 4 
Ab'-i-la 4 7 
A-bis'-a-res 7 
A-bis'-a-ris 7 
Ab-i-son'-tes 4 
Ab-le'-tes 1 
A-bob-ri-ca 4 
A-bo'-bus 
A-b<i<v-ri-tus 5 
Ab-o-la'-ni 3 
A-bo'-lus 7 1 
Ab^on-i-tci'-chos 5 
Ao-o-ra'-ca 1 7 
Ab-o-ri«'-i-nes 4 
A-hor'-ras 7 



AC 

Ab-ra-da'-tas 
Ab-ra-da'-tes 
A-bren'-tius 10 
A-broc'-o-mas 
Ab-rod-i-ae'-tus 4 
A-bro'-ni-us 4 
A-bron'-y-cus 6 
Ab'-ro-ta 7 
A-brot'-o-num 
A-bryp'-o-lis 6 
Ab-se'-us 
Ab-sin'-thi-i 4 
Ab'-so-rus 
Ab-syr'-tos 6 
Ab-syr'-tus 6 
Ab-u-li'-tes 1 
Ab-y-de'-ni 6 
Ab-y-de'-nus 6 
A-by'-di 6 
A-by'-dos 6 
A-by'-dus 
Ab'-y-la 6 
Ab'-y-lon 6 
Ab-ys-si'-ni 1 
Ab-ys-sin'-i-a 6 
Ac-a-cal'-lis 7 
Ac-a-ce'-si-um 10 
Ak-a-se 1 -ihe-um 
A-ca'-ci-us 10 
A-ka-she-us 
Ac-a-de'-mi-a 7 
Ac-a-de'-mus 
Ac-a-lan'-drus 
A-cal'-le 8 
A-ca-mar'-chis 7 
Ac'-a-mas 7 
A-camp'-sis 7 
A-can'-tha 7 
A-can'-thus 7 
Ac'-a-ra 7 
A-ca'-ri-a 7 
Ac-ar-na'-ni-a 7 
A-car'-nas 7 
A-cas'-ta 7 
A-cas'-tus 7 
Ac-a-than'-tus 7 
Ac'-ci-a 10 7 
Ak'-she-a 
Ac'-ci-la 7 
Ac'-ci-us 10 
Ak-she-us 



AC 

Ac'-cu-a 7 
A'-ce 8 

Ac-e-di'-ci 3 24 
Ac'-e-la 24 
Ac-e-ra'-tus 27 
A-cer'-bas 
Ac-e-ri'-na 1 
A-cer'-ra 4 
Ac-er-sec'-o-mes 
A'-ces 7 
A-ce'-si-a 10 
Ac-e-si'-nes 1 
Ac-e-si'-nus 1 
A-ce'-si-us 10 
A-ces'-ta 7 
A-ces'-tea 
A-ces'-ti-um 10 
A-ces-to-do'-rus 
A-ces-tor'-i-des 
A-ce'-tea 

JAch-a-by'-tos 12 
A-chae'-a 7 
A-chae'-i 3 
A-ch33'-i-um 
A-chaetn'-e-nes 
Ach-33-me'-ni-a 
Ach-ae-men'-i-des 
A-chae'-us 
A-cha'-i-a 7 
Ach'-a-ra 7 
Ach-a-ren'-ses 
A-char'-nae 4 
A-cha'-tes 
Ach-e-lo'-i-des 4 
Ach-e-lo'-ri-um 
Ach-e-lo'-us 
A-cher'-dus 
A-cher'-i-mi 3 4 
Ach'-e-ron 
Ach-e-ron'-ti-a 10 
Ach-e-ru'-si-a 11 
Ach-e-ru'-si-as 11 
A-che'-tus 
A-chil'-las 
A-chil'-le-us 
Ach-il-le'-a 7 
Ach-il-lei-en'-ses 
Ach-il-le'-is 
A-chil'-les 
Ach-il-le'-um 
A-chi'-vi 4 



AC 

Ach-la-dae'-u8 

Ach-o-la'-i 3 

Ac-ra-di'-na 7 

Ach-o-lo'-e 

Ach-ra-di'-na 

Ac-i-cho'-ri-us 

Ac-i-da'-lia 8 

Ac-i-da'-sa 

A-cil'-i-a 

Ac-i-lig'-e-na 24 

A-cil'-i-us 

A-cil'-la 7 

A'-cis 

Ac'-mon 

Ac-mon'-i-des 4 

A-coe'-tes 

A-co'-nae 4 

A-con'-tes 

A-con'-te-us 

A-con'-ti-us 10 

A-con-to-bu'-lus 

A-co'-ris 

A'-cra 

A'-crae 

A-crae'-a 7 

A-craeph'-ni-a 7 

Ac-ra-gal-li'-ds 4 

Ac'-ra-gas 7 

A-cra'-tus 

A'-cri-as 4 

Ac-ri-doph'-a-gi 3 

A-cri'-on 11 

Ac-ris-i-o'-ne 

Ac-ris-i-o-ne'-us 

Ac-ri s-i-o-ni'-a-des 

A-cris'-e-us 10 

A-cri'-tas 1 

Ac-ro-a'-thon 

Ac-ro-ce-rau'-ni-um 

Ac-ro-co-rin ; -thus 

A'-cron 1 

Ac-ro-pa'-tos 

A-crop'-o-lis 

Ac'-ro-ta 

A-crot'-a-tus 

Ac-ro'-tho-oa 

Ac'-ta 7 

Ac-tae'-a 7 

Ac-tae'-on 4 

Ac-tae-us 4 

Ac'-te 8 



iEA 

Ac'-ti-a 10 

Ac'-tis 

Ac-tis'-a-nes 

Ac'-ti-um 10 

Ac'-ti-us 10 

Ac'-tor 

Ac-tor'-i-dea 

Ac-to'-ria 

A-cu'-phia 

A-cu-si-la'-us 

A-cu'-ti-cua, M. 

A'-da 7 

A-dffi'-u3 

Ad-a-man-tae'-a 7 

Ad'-a-mas 

Ad-a-mas'-tua 

A-das'-pi-i 4 

Ad'-a-tha 

Ad-de-pha'-gi-a 

Ad'-du-a 7 

A-del'-phi-us 

A-de'-mon 

A'-des, or Ha'-des 

Ad-gan-des'-tri-us 

Ad-her'-bal 

Ad-her'-bas 

Ad-i-an'-te 8 

A-di-at'-o-rix 

Ad-i-man'-tus 

Ad-me'-ta 7 

Ad-i-me'-te 

Ad-me'-tus 

A-do'-ni-a 

A-do'-nis 

Ad-ra-myt'-ti-um 

A-dra'-na 7 1 

A-dra'-num 

A-dras'-ta 

A-dras'-ti-a 

A-dras'-tus 

A'-dri-a 23 

A-dri-a'-num 

A-dri-at'-i-cum 

A-d ri-an-op'-o-lia 

A-dri-a'-nus 

A'-dri-an, Eng- 

Ad-ri-me'-tum 

Ad-u-at'-i-ci 4 

A-dyr-ma-chi'-dae 
i $^E'-a 7 
I iE-a-ce'-a 



* E\ery a ending a syllable, with the accent upon it, is 
pronounced like the a in the English words fa-vour, ta- 
per, &c. fk-e Rule the 1st prefixed to this Vocabulary. 

t Every unaccented o, whether initial, medial, or final, 
ending :i syliaMp, ha« an obscure sound, bordering on the 
a in father. See Rule the 7th, prefixed to this Vocabulary. 

t Achabvtos. — Ch, in this and all the subsequent words, 

m 



have the sound of k. Thus Achabytos, Achaa, Achates, 
&c, are pronounced as if written Akabytos, Aktea, Aka- 
tes, &.c. See Rule the 12th. 

$ JKa. — The diphthong is merely ocular, for the a has 
no' share in the sound, though it appears in the type. In- 
deed, as we pronounce the a, there is no middle sound 
between that letter and e, and therefore we have adopted 
1065 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



yEG 

(E-ac'-i-das 

yE-ac'-i-des 

yE'-a-cus 

yE'-aj 

yE-as'-a 

yE-an-te'-um 

yE-an'-ti-des 

yE-an'-tis 

yE'-as 

yE'-a-tus 

yEch-mac'-o-ras 

yEch'-mis 

yE-dcp'-sum 

yE-des'-sa 

yE-ciic'-u-Ia 

uE-di'-les 8 

yE-dip'-sus 

yE'-don 

yE'-du-i, or Hed'-u-i 

yE-el'-)o 

yE-e'-ta 

yE-e'-ti-as 10 

yE'-ga 

yE-ge'-as 

yE'-ga; 5 

yE-gae'-ae 

yE-gaV-on 

yE-gae'-um 

yE-gae'-us 

jE-ga'-le-os 

yE-ga'-le-um 

yE'-gan 

yE'-gas 5 

/E-ga'-tes 

yE-ge'-Ie-on 

yE-ge'-ri-a 

yE-ges'-ta 

yE-ge'-us 

yE-gi'-a-Ie 

yE-gi-a'-le-us 22 

yE-gi-a'-li-a 22 4 

yE-gi'-a-lus 

yE-gi'-des 

yE-gi'-la 

yE-gil'-i-a 

yE-gim'-i-us 

yEg-i-mo'-rus 

yE-gi'-na 

yEg-i-ne'-ta 

yEg-i-ne'-tes 

yE-gi'-o-cJius 

/E-gi'-pan 

yE-gi'-ra 

yE-gir-o-es'-sa 

*.E-gis 

yE-gis'-thus 

yE-gi'-tum 

yE'-gi-um 

/Eg -lo 

Mgl-]BB 

yEg-le -tes 

yEg-lo-ge 

yE-gob-o-lus 

/E-goc'-e-ros 

/S'-gon 

yE -gos pot'-a-mos 

^Eg-o-sa'-gae 

.E-gos'-the-na 

/E'-g'os 

/E'-gy 6 

•Eg-y-pa'-nes 

.E-gyp -sus 

iE-gyp-ti-i 4 10 

jE-gyp'-ti-ura 10 



JES 

yE-gyp'-tus 

yE'-li-a 

yE-li-a'-nus 

JEi-li-an, Eng. 

yE'-li-us and JE'-li-a. 

yE-lu'-rus 

yE-mil'-i-a 

/E-mil-i-a'-nus 

yE-mil'-i-us 

yEm-nes'-tus 

yE'-mon 

yEm'-o-na 

yE-mo'-ni-a 

yE-mon'-i-des 

yE'-mus 

^E-myl'-i-a 

yE-myl-i-a'-nus 

yE-myl'-i-i 4 

yE-myl'-i-us 

yE-na'-ri-a 

yE-ne'-a 

yE-ne'-a-des 

yE-ne'-a-dae 

yE-ne'-as 

/E-ne'-i-a 

yE-ne'-is 

yE-ne'-i-des 4 

yE-nes-i-de'-mus 

yE-ne'-si-us 10 

yE-ue'-tus 

yE'-ni-a 

yE-ni'-a-cus 

yE-ni-o-chi 12 

yEn.-o-bar'-bus 22 

yEn'-o-cles 

yE'-nos 

yE'-num 

yE-nv'-ra 

yE-o'-li-a 

yE-o'-li-Ee 

yE-ol'-i-da 

yE-ol'-i-des 

yE'-o-lis 

yE'-o-Ius 

yE'-o-ra 

JE-pa'-li-us 

yE-pe'-a 

yEp -u-lo 21 

yE'-py 6 

yEp'-y-tus 21 

yE-qua'-na 7 

yE -qui 3 

yE-quic'-o-li 

yEq-ui-me'-li-um 

yE -ri-as 

yEr-o-pe 

yEr'-o-pus 

yEs'-a-cus 

yE-sa'-pus 

iE'-sar, or yE-sa'-ras 

iEs'-chi-nes 22 

yEs-chi-ron 12 

yEs-chy-li -des 

yEs'-chy-lus 21 

yEs-cu-la'-pi-us 22 

iE-se'-pus 

yE-ser'-ni-a 

yE-si'-on 11 

yE'-son 

yE-son'-i-des 

yE-so'-pus 

JE-sop, Eng. 

yEs'-tri-a 

yEs -u-a 



AG 

yE-sy'-e-tes 

yEs-ym-ne'-tes 21 

yE-sym-nus 

yE-thal'-i-des 

yE-thi-o'-pi-a 22 

yEth'-li-us 

yE'-thon 

yE'-thra 

yE-tliu'-sa 

yE'-li-a 10 

yE'-ti-on 11 

ty£Mi-us 10 

/Et'-na 

yE-to'-Ji-a 

yE-to'-lus 

A'-fer 

A-fra'-ni-a 

A-fra'-ni-us 

Af-ri-ca 7 

Af-ri-ca'-nus 

Af-ri-cum 

A-gag-ri-a'-nos 

Ag-a-las'-ses 

A-gal'-la 7 

A-gam'-ma-tae 

Ag-a-me'-des 

Ag-a-mem-non 

Ag-a-mem-no'-ni-us 

Ag-a-me'-tor 

Ag-am-nes'-tor 

Ag-a-nip'-pe 

A-gan'-za-ga 

Ag-a-pe'-no 

Ag-a-re-ni 3 

Ag-a-ris'-ta 

A-gas'-i-cIes 

A-gas'-sae 

A-gas -the-nes 

A-gas -thus 

A-gas'-tro-phus 

Ag-a-tha 

Ag-ath-ar'-chi-das 

Ag-ath-ar'-chi-des 

Ag-ath-ar'-cus 

A-ga'-lhi-as 

Ag-a-tho 

A-gath-o-cle'-a 

A-gath'-o-cles 

Ag-a-thon 

A-gath-o-ny'-mus 

Ag-a-thos -the-nes 

Ag-a-thyr'-num 

Ag-a-thyr -si 3 

A-ga'-ve 

A-gau'-i 3 

A-ga'-vus J 

Ag-des'-tis 

Ag-e-e'-na 

Ag-e-las'-tus 

Ag-e-la'-us 

A-gen'-a-tha 

Ag-en-di'-cum 

Age -nor 

Ag e-nor'-i-des 

Ag-e-ri'-nus 

Ag-e-san'-der 

A-ge'-si-as 10 

Ag-es-i-la'-us 

Ag-e-sip'-o-lis 

Ag-e-sis'-tra-ta 

Ag-e-sis -tra-tus 

Ag-gram'-raes 

Ag-gri -nee 

Ag-i-dtB 



AL 

Ag-i-la'-us 

A'-gis 

Ag-la'-i-a 

Ag-lay'-a 

Ag-la-o-ni'-ce 

Ag-la'-o-pe 

Ag-la-o-ph33'-na 

Ag-la'-o-phon 

Ag-la-os-the-nes 

Ag-lau'-ros 

Ag-la'-us 

Ag'-na 

Ag'-no 

Ag-nod'-i-ce 

Ag'-non 

Ag-non'-i-des 

Ag-o-na'-li-a, and 
A-go'-ni-a 

A-go'-nes 

Ag -o-nis 

A-go'-ni-us 

Ag-o-rac'-ri-tus 

Ag-o-ran'-o-mi 3 

Ag-o-ra'-nis 

Ag-o-rae'-a 

A'-gra 1 

A-graV-i 3 

Ag'-ra-gas 

A-grau'-le 

A-grau'-li-a 

A-grau'-los 

Ag-rau-o-ni'-t33 

A-gri-a'-nes 

A-gric'-o-la 

Ag-ri-gen'-tum 

A-grin'-i-um 

A-gri-o'-ni-a 

A-gri'-o-pas 

A-gri'-o-pe 

A-grip-pa 

Ag-rip-pi'-na 

A-gris'-o-pe 8 

A'-gri-us 1 

Ag'-ro-las 

A'-gron 

A-gro'-tas 

A-grot'-e-ra 

A-gyl'-e-us 5 

A-gyl'-la 

Ag-yl-lae'-us 

A-gy -rus 

A-gyr'-i-um 

A-gyr'-i-us 

A-zyj'-tes 

A-ha'-la 7 

A'-jax 

A-i-do'-ne-us 5 

A-im'-y-lus 

A-i'-us Lo-cu'-ti-us 

AI-a-ban ; -da 

Al'-a-bus 

A-te'-a 

A-lae'-i 3 

A-lae'-sa 

A-te-us 

Al-a-go'-ni-a 

A-la'-la 

Al-al-conv'-e-nffi 

A-la'-li-a 7 

Al-a-ma'-nes 

Al-a-man -ni, or 

Al-e-man -ni 
A-la'-ni 
Al-a-res 



AL 

Al-a-ri'-cus 

JlV-a-ric, Eng. 

Al-a-ro'-di-i 3 4 

A-las'-tor 

Al'-a-zon 

Al'-ba Syl'-vi-m 

Al-ba'-ni-a 

Al-ba'-nus 

Al-bi'-ci 3 4 

Al-bi-e'-tae 4 

A)-bi -ni 3 

Al-bi-no-va'-nus 

Al-bin-te-me'-.li-um 

Al-bi-nus 

Al'-bi-on 

Al'-bi-us 

Al-bu-cil'-la 

AF-bu-la 

Ai-bu'-ne-a 

Al-bur'-nus 

Al'-bus Pa'-gus 

Al-bu'-ti-us 10 

AI-ca>'-us 

Al-cam'-e-nes 

Al-can'-der 

A!-can'-dre 

AJ-ca'-nor 

Al-cath'-o-e 

Al-cath'-o-us 

Al -ce 

Al-ce'-nor 

Al-ces-te 

Al-ces'-tis 

Al'-ce-tas 

Al'-chi-das 12 

A]-chim'-a-cus 

Al-ci-bi'-a-des 4 

Al-cid'-a-rna!S 

Al-ci-da-me'-a 

Al-ci-dam'-i-das 

Al-cid'-a-mas 

Al-ci'-das 

Al-ci'-des 

Al-cid'-i-ce 

Al-cim'-c-de 

Al-cim'-e-don 

Al-cim'-e-nes 

AI-ci-mus 

Al-cin'-o-e 

Al'-ci-nor 

X Al-cin'-o-us 

Al-ci-o'-ne-us 5 

Al'-ci-phron 

Al-cip'-pe 

Al-cip'-pus 

Al -cis 

Al-cith'-o-e 

Alc-mae'-on 

Alc-mavon'-i-cte 

Alc'-man 

Alc-me'-na 

Al-cy'-o-n© 

Al-cy-o'-ne-us 5 

Al-cy-o-na 

Al-des'-cus 

Al-du'-a-bis 

A'-le-a 1 7 

A-le'-bas 

A-le'-bi-on 

A-lec'-to 

A-lec'-tor 

A-lec'-try-on 

A-lec -tus 

$A-le'-i-us Cam'-pus 



the last vowel, and relinquished the first. This, among 
other reasons, makes it probable that the Greeks and Ro- 
mans pronounced the a as we do in water, and the e as 
we hear it in where and there ; the middle or mixt sound, 
then, would be like a in father, which was probably the 
sound they gave to this diphthong. 

* JEais.— This diphthong, though long in Greek and 
Latin, fs in English pronunciation either long or short, 
according to the accent or position of it. Thus, if it im- 
mediately precedes the accent, as in JEgeus, or with the 
accent on it, before a single consonant, in a word of two 
syllables, it is long, as in JEgis ; before two consonants 
it is short, as in JEgles ; or before one only, if the accent 
be on the antepenultimate, as in JEropus. — For the ex- 
ceptions to this rule, see Rule 22. 

| One of the generals of Valentinian the Third ; which, 
Labbe tells us, ought properly to be written JHStius ; that 
ii, without tho diphthong. We may observe, that, as this 



word comes from the Greek, but is latinized, it is pronoun- 
ced with the t like sh, as if written JEshius ; but the pre- 
ceding word JEtion, being pure Greek, does not conform 
to this analogy.— See Rule the 11th and 29th. 

X Alcinous. — There are no words more frequently mis- 
pronounced by a mere English scholar than those of this 
termination. By such a one we sometimes hear Alcinous 
and Antinous pronounced in three syllables, as if written 
Al-ci-nauz and An-ti-noui, rhyming with vows ; bat clas- 
sical pronunciation requires that these vowels should 
form distinct syllables. 

$ Aleius Campus. — 

" Lest from this flying steed unrein'd, (as once 
" Bellerophon, though from a lower clime,) 
" Dismounted, on th' A leian field I fall, 
" Erroneous there to wander, and forlorn." 

Milton's Par. Lost.b. ni v 17. 
1066 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



AL 

Al-e-man-ni 
A-lo -mon 

Al-e-mu -si-i 4 
A-lens 
A -le on 
A-lo -se 
A-le -si -a 10 

A-le-si-mn 10 

A-lo-tes 

A-lo -t lies 

A-le -thi-a 

A-let -i-das 
A-le-tri-um 

A-Je-tum 

Al-eu-a-dae 

A-le -us 

A -lex 1 

A-lex-a-nie-nus 

*Al-ex-an -dor 

Al-ex-an -dia 

Al-ex-an'-dri-a 30 

Al-ex-an -dri-cle9 

Al-ex-an-dri -na 

AI-ex-an-drop-o-K 

Al-ex-a -nor 

Al-ex-ar -chus 

A-k'X -as 

A-lex -i-a 

A-lek -she a 

A-lex-ic -a-cus 

Al-ex-i -nus 

Alex -i-o 

A-lek -shc-o 

Al-ex-ip -pus 

Al-ex-ir -a-es 

Al-ex-ir -ho-e 

A-lex -is 
A-lex -on 
Al-fa-ter -na 
Al-fe-nu3 
Al -gi-durn 
A-H-ac -mon 
A-li-ar'-tum 
A-li-ar-tus 
Al-i-cis 
A-li-e -nus 21 
Al-i-fe 
Al-i-l=e-i 3 4 
Al-i-men-tus 
A-lin-dae 
A-lin-do'-i-a 
Al-i-phe -ri-a 
Al-ir-ro -thi-us 
Al'-li-a 
Al-li-e -nos 
Al-lob -ro-ges 
Al-lob -ry-ges 
Al-lot -ri-ges 
Al-lu-ti-us 10 
A-lo-a 
Al-o-e-u3 
Al-o-i -da 
Al-o-i -des 
A-lo -ne 
Al -o-po 
A-lop-e-ce 
A-lop-e-ces 
A-lo'-pi-us 
A'-los 

A-lo-ti-a 10 
Al-pe'-nus 
Al'-pcs 
Alps. Eng. 
Al-phe -a 
Al-phe-i-a 
Al-phe'-nor 



(«' 



AM 

Al phe-nus 

Al-phe-si bffi a 5 

Al-phe-si-bce -us 

Al-plie -us 

Al -plii-us 

Al-phi -on 29 

Al-pi -nus 

Al -pis 

Al'-si-um 10 

Al -sus 

Al-thm'-a 

Al-thaem -e-nes 

Al-ti -nuni 

Al'-tia 

A-lun -ti-um 10 

A'-lus, Al-u-us 

A-Iy-at -tea 

Al -y-ba 6 

AI-y-ca;-a 

Al-y-cio -us 

A-lys -sus 

Al-yx-oth -o-e 

A-mad'-o-ci 3 

A-mad-o-cus 

Am -a-ge 

Am-al-thae-a 

Am-al-the -urn 

Am -an a 

A-man -tes 

Am-an-ti -ni 3 
A-ma -nus 
A-mar -a-cus 
A-mar -di 3 
A-mar'-tus 
Am-bryl'-lis 
Am-ar-yn'-ce-us 5 
Am-ar-yn'-thus 
A'-mas 
A-ma'-si-a 10 
Am-a-se -nus 
A-ma'-sis 
A-mas'-tris 
A-mas'-trus 
A-ma'-ta 
Am-a-the-a 
Am'-a-thus 
A-m ax-am-pe '-us 
A-max'-i-a 
A-max-i-ta 
Am-a-ze'-nes 
A-maz-o-nes 
Am'-a-zons, Eng. 
Am-a-zon -i-des 
Am-a-zo -ni-a 
Am-a-zo-ni-um 
Am-a-zo -ni-us 
Am-Lar'-ri 3 
Am-be-nus 
Am-bar-va'-li-a 
Am-bi-a-li -tes 
Am-bi-a'-num 
Am-bi-a-ti -num 
Am-bi-ga'-tus 
Am-bi -o-rix 
Am -b!a-da 
Am-bra -ci-a 10 
Am-bra-ci-us 10 
Am'-bri 3 
Am-bro'-nes 
Am-bro -si-a 10 
Am-bro'-si-us 10 
j Am-bry'-on 
! Am-brys'-sus 
Am-bul'-li 3 
; Am -e-les 
Am-e-na-nu3 



AM 

Am-e-ni'-dea 

A-men'-o-cles 

A-me -ri a 

A-mes'-tra tiu 

A-mes-tris 

A-mic'-las 

Am-ic-la; -us 

A-mic-tse -us 

A-mic'-tas 

A-ini -da 3 

A-mil -car 

Am'-i-Ios 4 

A-mim -o-ne, or 
A-mym-o-ne 

A-min -e-a, or 
Am-min'-e-a 

A-min'-i-as 

A-min'-i-us 

A-min'-o-cles 

Am-i-se'-na 

A-mis'-i-as 10 

A-m is -s as 
A-m i -sum 

A-mi'-sus 

Am-i-ter'-num 

Am-i-tha'-on, or 
Am-y-tha-on 
Am-ma -lo 

Am-mi-a'-nua 
Am'-moa 
Am-mo-ni-a 
Am-mo-ni-i 3 
Am-mo'-ni-ua 
Am-mo -the-a 
Am -ni-as 
Am-ni-sus 3 
Am-ce-bse -us 5 
Am-o-me'-tus 
A'-mor 1 
A-mor-ges 
A-mor'-gos 
Am -pe-lus 
Am-pe-lu-si-a 
Am-phe-a 7 
Am-phi-a-la'-us 
Am-plii'-a-nax 
Am-phi-a-ra'-us 
Am-phi-ar -i-des 
Arn-phic'-ra-tes 
Am-phic -ty-on 11 
Am-phic-le-a 
Am-phid-a-mus 
A m-ph i-d ro -m i-a 
Am-phi-ge'-ni a, or 
fAm-phi-ge-ni -a 
Am-phil-o-chus 
Am-phil -y-tus 
Am-phim-a-chus 
Am-phim -e-don 
Am-phin'-o-me 
Ain-phin'-o-mu3 
Am-phi'-on 28 
Am-phip -o-les 
Am-phip'-o-lis 
Am-phip'-y-ros 
Am-phi-re -tus 
Am-phir'-o-e 
Am -phis 
Am-phis-ba3'-na 
Am-phis-sa 
Am-phis-se -ne 
Am-phis -sus 
Am-phis'-the-nes 
Am-phis-ti'-des 
Am-phis'-tra-lus 
Am-phit-e-a 



AN 

I Am-phith -e-mis 
Am phith'-o-e 
Am-phi-tri -te 8 
Am-phit -ry-on 
Am'-plii-tus 

Am-pbot'-e-rus 

Am-phot-ry-o-ni'-a- 
des 

Am-pliry'-sus 

Amp -sa-ga 

Am-pys -i-des 

Am -pyx 

Am-sac'-tus 

A-mu'-li-us 

A-myc-la 

A-myc'-la; 

Am'-y-cus 

Am-y-don 

Am-y-mo-nc 

A-myn'-tas 

A-myn-ti-a'-nus 

A-myn'-tor 

A-my'-ris 

A-myr'-i-us 

Am'-y-rus 

A-mys -tis 

Am-y-tha'-on 

Am -y-tis 

An-a-ces 

An-a-cliar'-sis 

A-na'-ci-um 10 

A-nac'-re-on, or 
A-na'-cre-on 23 

An-ac-to'-ri-a 

An-ac-to'-ri-um 

JAn-a-dy-om'-e-ne 

A-nag-ni-a 

An-a-gy-ron -turn 

An-a-i-tis 

An'-a-phe 

An-a-phlys -tug 

A-na'-pus 
A-nar'-tes 

A'-nas I 

An'-cho-ra 

A-nat'-o-le 

A-nau'-chi-das 12 

A-nau'-rus 

A'-nax 1 

An-ax-ag'-o-ras 

An-ax-an'-der 

An-ax-an'-dri-des 

An-ax-ar-chus 12 

An-ax-ar'-e-te 

An-ax-e'-nor 

A-nax'-i-as 10 

An-ax-ib-i-a 

An-ax-ic'-ra-tes 

An-ax-id'-a-mus 

A-nax'-i-las 10 

A-nax-i-la'-us 

An-ax-il -i-des 

An-ax-i-man'-der 

An-ax-im -e-nes 

An-ax-ip'-o-li3 

An-ax-ip'-pus 

An-ax-ir'-ho-e 

A-nax'-is 

A-nax'-o 

An-cae'-us 

An-ca-li'-tes 

An-ca-ri-us 

An-cha'-ri-a 7 

An-cha'-ri-us 

An-chem-o-lus 

An-che-si'-tes 



AN 

An-ches'-mui 

An-chi'-a-la 

An-chi'-a-Ie 

An-chi'-a-lu8 
; An-chi-mo'-li-ui 

An-chin'-o-e 

An-chi'-ses 

An-chis'-i-a 11 

An-chi-si-a-dea 

An'-cho-e 

An-chu'-rui 

An-ci'-le 

An'-con 

An-co-na 

An'-cus Mar'-ti-ui 

An-cy'-le 

An-cy'-rae 

An'-da 

An-dab'-a-ta 

An-da'-ni-a 

An-de-ca'-vi-a 

An'-des 

An-doc'-i-des 

An-dom'-a-tis 

An-drae-mon 

An-d ra-ga'-thi-uj 

An-drag -a-thua 

An-drag'-o-ras 

An-dram'-y-tes 

An-d re '-as 

An-drew, Eng. 

An'-dri-clus 

An'-dri-on 

An-dris'-cus 

An-dro'-bi-us 

An-dro-cle'-a 

An'-dro-cles 

An-dro-cli'-de* 

An-dro'-clus 

An-dro-cy'-des 

An-drod'-a-muj 

An-dro'-ge-oa 

An-dro'-ge-ua 

An-drog-y-ns 

An-drom'-a-che 

An-drom-a-chi'-da 

An-drom'-a-chus 

An-drom'-a-das 

An-drom'-e-da 

An'-dron 

§An-dro-ni'-cus 28 

An-droph'-a-gi 3 

An-dro-pom'-pus 

An'-dros 

An-dros'-the-nea 

An-dro'-tri-on 

An-e-Jon'-tis 

An-e-ras'-tus 

An-e-mo'-li-a 

An-e-mo'-sa 

An-fin'-o-mus 

An-ge ; -li-a 

An-ge'-li-on 

An'-ge-lus 

An-gi'-tes 

An'-grus 

An-gu-it'-i-a 11 

A'-ni-a 7 

An-i-ce'-tus 

A-nic'-i-a 10 

A-nic'-i-um 24 

A-nic'-i-us Gal'-lus 

An'-i-grus 

A'-ni-o, and A'-ni-en 

An-i-tor'-gis 

A'-ni-us 



S4 



* Alexander. — This word is as frequently pronounced 
with the accent on the first as on the third syllable. 

f Amphigcnia. — See Iphigenia, and Rule 30, prefixed 
to this Vocabulary. 

t This epithet, from the Greek avaSvw. emergens, sig- 
nifying rising out of the water, is applied to the picture 
of Venus rising out of the sea, as originally painted by 
Apelles. I doubt not that some, who only hear thid word, 
without seeing it written, suppose it to mean Anno Dom- 
ini, the year of our Lord. 

$ Andronicus. — Thi3 word is uniformly pronounced by 
our prosodists with the penultimate accent : and yet, so 
averse is an English ear to placing the accent on the pe- 
nultimate i, that by all English scholars we hear it placed 



upon the antepenultimate syllable. That this wa* tho 
pronunciation of this word in Queen Elizabeth's time, 
appears plainly from the tragedy of Titus Andronicus, 
said to be written by Shakspeare ; in which we every 
where find the antepenultimate pronunciation adopted. 
It may indeed be questioned, whether Shakspeare's learn 
ing extended to a knowledge of the quantity of this 
Gr*eco-Latin word; but, as Mr. Steevens has justly ob- 
served, there is a greater number of classical allusions in 
this play than are scattered over all tho rest of the per- 
formances on which the seal of Shakspeare is indubita- 
bly fixed ; and therefore it may be presumed, that the 
author could rot be ignorant of the Greek and Latin 
pronunciation of this word, but followed the received 
English pronunciation of his time ; and which, by all but 
professed scholars, is still continued. — SeeSoPHRowious, 
1067 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



AN 
An'-na 

An-ni-a'-nus 

An -ni-bal 

An'-ni-bi 3 4 

An-nic'-e-ns 24 

An'-non 

An-o-pco'-a 

An'-ser 

An-si-ba'-n-a 

An-tas'-a 

An-tae-as 

An-taV-us 

An-tag-o-ras 

An-tal'-ci-das 

An-tan -der 

An tan'-dros 

An-ter-bro -gi-us 

An-te-i-us 

An-tem'-nae 

An-te-nor 

An-rte-nor'-i-dcs 

An'-te-ros 

An-the -a 

An -the-a3 

An-the'-don 

An-the -!a 

An -the-mis 

An'-tlie-mon 

An'-the-mu8 

An-the-mu -si-a 

An-the-ne 

An-t]ier -mus 

An-thes 

An-thes-pho'-ri-a 

An-thes-te-ri-a 

An'-the-us 

An-thi -a 

An -thi-as 

An'-thi-um 

An-thi-us 

An'-tho 

An-tho-ros 

An-thra'-ci-a 10 

An-thro-pi -nus 

An-thro-poph'-a-gi 

An-thyl'-Ia 

An-ti-a-ni -ra 

An -ti-as 10 

An-ti-cle'-a 

An -ti-cles 

An-ti-cli-des 

An-tic -ra-gus 

An-tic'-ra-tes 

An-tic-}-ra 

An-tid'-o-tus 

An-tid -o-mus 

An-tig'-e-nes 

An-ti-gen -i-das 

An-tig -o-na 

An-tig-o-ne 

An-ti-go -ni-a 

An-tig -o-nus 

An-ti I'-co 

An-ti-lib-a-nus 

An-til -o-chus 

An-tim-a-chus 

An-tim -e-nes 

An-ti-nce -i^a 5 

An-ti-nop -o-!is 

An-tia'-o-us 



AP 

An-ti-o'-chi-a, or 
*An-ti-o-chi'-a 
An'-ti-och, Eng. 
An-ti -o-chis 
An-ti -o-chus 
An-ti o-pe 8 
An-ti-o -rus 
An-tip -a-ter 
An-ti-pa'-tri-a 
An-ti-pat'-ri-das 
An-tip -a-tris 
An-tiph'-a-ne9 
An-tiph -a-tes 
An-tiph-i-lus 
An'-ti-phon 
An-tiph -o-nus 
An'-ti-phus 
An-ti-poe -nus 5 
An-tip-o-lis 
An-tis -sa 
An-tis'-the-nes 
An-tis -ti-us 
An-titli -e-us 
An'-ti-um 10 
An-tom'-e-ncs 
An-to'-ni-a 
An-to-ni-i 3 4 
An-to-ni'-na 
An-to-ni -nus 
An-to-ni-op -o-)is 
An-to -ni-us, M. 
An-tor-i-des 
A-nu -bis 
An-xi-us 
An'-xur 
An-y-ta 

An-y-tus 

An-za-be 8 

A-ob'-ri-ga 

A-ol-li-us 

A'-on 

A'-o-nes 

A-o'-ri3 

A-or-nos 

A-o-ti 
A-pa'-i-tae 

A-pa'-ma 7 

A-pa'-me 8 

Ap-a-me-a 

Ap-a-mi-a 

A-par -ni 

Ap-a-tu-ri-a 

Ap-e-au'-ros 

A-pe'-la 

A-pel -les 

A-pel -li-con 

Ap-^n-ni-nus 

A-per 

Ap-e-ro'-pi-a 

Ap -e-sus 

Aph'-a-ca 

A-phav-a 

A-phar 

Aph-a-re'-tus 

Aph-a-re'-us 

A'-phas 1 

A-phcl -las 

Aph'-e-sas 

Aph -e-tas 

Aph'-i-das 4 



AR 

A-phid-na 
A-phid-nus 
Aph-ce-be -tus 
A-phri'-ces 1 
Aph-ro-dis'-i-a 
Aph-ro-di -sum 1 
Aph-ro-di -te 8 
A-phy -te 8 
A'-pi-a 14 7 
A-pi-a-nus 
Ap-i-ca'-ta 
A-pic -i-us 24 
A-pid'-a-nus 
Ap-i-na 
A-pi-o-la 
A -pi-on 1 
A'-pis 

A-pit-i-us 24 
A-pol-li-na'-res 
A-pol-)i-na -ris 
Ap-ol-lin -i-des 
A-pol -li-nis 
A-pol y -lo 
Ap-ol-loc -ra-tes 
A-pol-lo-do'-rus 

i Ap-ol-lo -ni-a 

| Ap-ol-lo -ni-as 

! Ap-ol-lo-ni -a-des 

\ Ap-ol-lon-i'-des 

I Ap-ol-lo -ni-us 

| Ap-ol-ioph -a-nes 

I A-po-my-i -os 

! A-po-ni-a -na 7 
A -po -ni-us, M. 
Ap'-o-nus 
Ap-os-tro -phi-a 
f A-poth-e-o -sis 

Ap-o-the -o-s is 
-Ap-pi-a Vi'-a 

Ap-pi -a-des 

Ap-pi-a-nus 

Ap'-pi-i Fo'-rum 

Ap-pi-us 

Ap'-pu-la 

A -pri-ea 

A-pri-us 

Ap-sin'-thi-i 4 

Ap'-si-nus 

Ap -te-ra 20 

Ap-u-le'-i-a 

Ap-u-le -i-us 

A-pu -li-a 

Ap-u-sid-a-mus 

A-qua-ri-us 

Aq-ui-la'-ri-a 

Aq-ui-le -i-a 

A-quil -li-a 

A-quil -i-us 

Aq -ui-lo 

Aq-ui-lo'-ni-a 

A-quin'-i-us 

A-qui -num 

Aq-ui-ta'-ni-a 

A'-ra 17 

Ar-a-bar'-ches 

A-ra -bi-a 

A-rab -i-cus 

Ar -a-bis 

Ar'-abs 

Ar'-a-bus 



AR 

A-rac'-ca, or 
A-rec'-ca 

A-rach'-ne 

Ar-a-cho -si-a 

Ar-a-cho-tce 

Ar-a-cho'-ti 

A-rr.c-thi-as 

Ar-a-cil -lum 

Ar-a-co'-si-i 4 

Ar-a-cyn'-thus 4 

Ar-a-dus 

A -rae 17 

A'-rar 17 

Ar'-a-rus 

Ar-a-thyr'-e-a 

A-ra -tus 

A-rax-es 

Ar-ba'-ces, or 
JAr'-ba-ces 1 

Ar-be-la 

§Ar-be-la 

Ar'-bis 

Ar-bo-ca'-la 

Ar-bus'-cu-la 

Ar-ca'-di-a 

Ar-ca'-di-us 

Ar-ca'-num 

Ar'-cas 

Ar-ce-na 

Ar-cens 

Ar-ces-i-la'-us 

Ar-ce'-si-us 10 

Ar-chae'-a 

Ar-chae -a-nax 

Ar-chse-at-i-daa 

Arch-ag'-a-thus 

Ar-chan-der 

Ar-chan -droa 
Ar'-chc 12 
Ar-cheg'-e-tes 24 
Ar-che-la'-us 
Ar-chem -a-chus 
Ar-chem -o-r us 
Ar-chep -o-lis 
Ar-chep-tol -e-mus 
Ar-ches -tra-tua 
Ar-che-ti -mus 
Ar-che-ti- us 10 
Ar'-chi-a 
Ar'-chi-as 
Ar-chi-bi -a-des 4 
Ar-c bib -i-us 
Ar-chi-da'-mi-a 29 
||Ar-chi-da'-mus, or 

Ar-chid'-a-mus 
Ar'-chi-das 
Ar-chi-de-mus 
Ar-chi-de -us 
Ar-chid-i-um 
Ar-chi-gal -lus 
Ar-chig'-e-nes 
Ar-chil-o-cus 
Ar-chi-me -des 
Ar-c hi '-nus 
Ar-chi-pel'-a-gus 
Ar-chip -o-lis 
Ar-chip -pe 
Ar-chip -pus 
Ar-chi-tis 
Ar-chon 



AR 

Ar-chon'-tes 

Ar -chy-lus 6 

Ar'-chy-tas 

Arc-ti-nus 

Arc-toph -y-lax 

Arc -los 

Arc-to'-us 

Arc-tu'-rus 

Ar'-da-lus 

Ar-da -ni-a 

Ar-dax-a'-nus 

Ar -de-a 

Ar-de-a-tes 

Ar-de-ric -ca 

Ar-di-aV-i 4 

Ar-do -ne-a 

Ar-du-cn -na 

Ar-du-i-ne 

Ar-dy-en-ses 

Ar-dys 

A-re'-a 

A-re-ac'-i-daB 

A'-re-as 

A-reg'-o-nis 

Ar-n-Ia-tum 

A-rel -li-ua 

Ar-e-mor -i-ca 

A'-ro 

A-re'-ne 

A-ren'-a-cum 

Ar-e-op-a-gi -tee 

ITAr-e-op-a-gus 

A-res'-tac 

A-res -tha-nas 

A-res-tor -i-des 

A'-re-ta 

Ar-e-tae'-us 

Ar-etaph'-i-la 

Ar-e-ta -le3 

A-re'-te 

A-re-tes 

Ar-e-thu -sa 

Ar-e-ti-num 

Ar-e-tus 

A'-re-us 

Ar-gse-uB 

Ar'-ga-lus 

Ar-gath'-o-na 

Ar-ga-t ho -ni-us 

Ar'-ge 9 

Ar-ge-a 

Ar-ge-a'-thae 

Ar-gen'-num 

Ar'-gcs 

Ar-ges'-tra-tus 

Ar-ge-us 

Ar -gi 9 3 

Ar-gi-a 

Ar-gi-as 

Ar-gi-le'-tum 

Ar-gil'-i-us 

Ar-gil-lus 

Ar'-gi-los 

Ar-gi-nu'-sae 

Ar-gi -o-pe 

Ar-gi-phon'-tes 

Ar-gip-pe-i 3 

Ar-gi -va 

Ar-gi '-vi 3 

**Ar'-gives. Eng 



* Antiochia. — For words of this termination, see Iph- 
ig^kia, and No. 30 of the Rules prefixed to this Vocabu- 
lary. 

f Apotheosis, — When we are reading Latin or Greek, 
this word ought to have the accent on the penultimate 
syllable; but in pronouncing English we should accent 
the antepenultimate : 

" Allots the prince of his celestial line 
li An apotheosis and rites divine." — Garth. 

J Arbaces. — Lempriere, Gouldman,Ge3ner, and Little- 
ton, accent this word on the first syllable, but Ainsworth 
and Holyoke on the second ', and this is so much more 
agreeable to an English ear, that I should prefer it, though 
I have, out of respect to authorities, inserted the other, 
that the reader may choose which he pleases. Labbe has 
not got this word. 

§ Arbela.the city of Assyria, where the decisive battle 
was fought between Alexander and Darius, and the city 
in Palestine of that name, have the accent on the penul- 



timate ; but Arbela, a town in Sicily, has the accent or. 
the antepenultimate syllable. 

|| Archidamus. — Ainsworth, Gouldman, Littleton, and 
Holyoke, place the accent on the antepenultimate sylla- 
ble of this word, but Lempriere and Labbe on the penol 
timate. I have followed Lempriere and Labbe, though, 
in my opinion, wrong : for, as every word of this termina- 
tion has the antepenultimate accent, as Polydamas, The- 
odamas, &c, I know not why this should be different, 
though Labbe tells us, that the learned are of his opinion. 

1T Areopagus.— Labbe tells us, that the penultimate 
syllable of this word is, beyond all controversy, short, — 
quidquid nonnulli in tanta luce etiamnum cacutiant. — 
Some of these blind men are, Gouldman, Holyoke, and 
Littleton ; — but Lempriere and Ainsworth, the best au- 
thorities, agree with Labbe. 

** Argives. — I have observed a strong propensity in 

school-boys to pronounce the o-in these words hard, as in 

the English word give. This is. undoubtedly, because 

their masters do so ; and thev will tell us, that the Greek 

1068 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



AR 

Ar'-gi-us 

Ar'-go 

Ar-gol' i-cus 

Ar -go-lis 

Ar-gon 

Ar-go-nau'-ta> 

Ar-go'-us 

Ar'-gus 

Ar-gyn'-nia 

Ar -gy-ra 

Ar-gv-raa'-pi-des 

Ar -gy-re 

Ar-gyr'-i-pa 

A'-rT-a 

A-ri-ad'-ne 

A-ri-ae'-us 

A-ri-a'-ni, or 
A-ri-e'-ni 

A-ri-am'-nes 

A-ri-an'-tas 

A-ri-a-ra'-thes 

Ar-ib-bae'-us 5 

A-ric'-i-a '24 

Ar-i-ci'-na 

Ar-i-das'-us 

A-ri-c' nis 

Ar-i-gae -um 

A-ri'-i 4 

Ar'-i-ma 

Ar-i-mas'-pi 3 

Ar-i-mas'-pi-as 

Ar-i-mc.s'-thae 

Ar-i-ma'-zea 

Ar'-i-mi 3 

A-rim'-i-num 

A-rim'-i-nus 

Ar-im-phae'-i 

Ar'-i-mus 

A-ri-o-bar-za'-nes 

A-ri-o-man'-des 

A-ri-o-mar'-dus 

A-ri-o-me'-des 

A-ri'-on 28 

A-ri-o-vis'-tus 21 

A -ris 

A-ns-taen -e-tua 

A-ris'-ba 

Ar-is-tae'-um 

Ar-is-tae'-us 

Ar-is-tag'-o-ras 

Ar-is-tan'-der 

Ar-is-tan'-droa 

Ar-is-tar'-che 

Ar-is-tar'-chus 

Ar-is-ta-za'-nes 

A-ris'-te-as 

A-ris'-te-rae 

A-ris'-te-us 

A-ris'-the-nes 

A-ris'-thu9 

Ar-is-ti'-bua 

Ar-is-ti'-des 

Ar-is-tip'-pus 

A-ris'-ti-us 

A-ris'-ton 

Ar-is-to-bu'-la 

Ar-is-to-bu'-lus 

Ar-is-to-cle'-a 

A-ris -to-cles 

A-ris-to-cli'-des 

Ar-is-toc'-ra-tes 

Ar-is-to'-cre-oti 

Ar-is-toc'-ri-tus 

A-ris-to-de'-mus 

Ar-is-tog'-e-nes 

Ar-is-to-gi'-ton 

Ar-ia-to-ia'-us 

Ar-is-tom'-a-che 

Ar-is-tom'-a-chus 



AR 

Ar-is-to-me'-des 
Ar-is-tom -e-nea 
A-ris-to-nau'-tas 
Ar ia-to-ni'-cna 
A-ris'-to-nus 
Ar-is-ton'-i-des 
Ar-ia-ton'-y -mus 
Ar-is-toph'-a-nea 
A-ris-to-phi-li'-des 
A-ris'-to-pbon 
A-ris'-tor 
Ar-ia-tor'-i-des 
Ar-is-tot'-e-les 
Ar'-is-to-tle, Eng. 
Ar-is-to-ti'-mus 
Ar-is-tox'-e-nus 
A-ris'-tus 
Ar-is-tyl'-lus 
A'-ri-us 
Ar'-me-nea 
Ar-me'-ni-a 
Ar-men-ta'-ri-us 
Ar-mil'-la-tus 
Ar-mi-lus'-tri-um 
Ar-min'-i-ua 
Ar-mor'-i-cae 
Ar'-ne 8 
Ar'-ni 3 
Ar-no'-bi-us 
Ar'-nus 
Ar'-o-a 
Ar'-o-ma 
Ar'-pa-ni 
Ar'-pi 3 
Ar-pi'-nam 
Ar-raeM 3 
Ar-rah-bae'-ua 
Ar'-ri-a 
Ar-ri-a'-nas 
Ar'-ri-us 
Ar-run'-ti-us 10 
Ar-aa'-bea 
Ar-sa'-cea, or 
*Ar'-sa-ces 
Ar-aac'-i-dae 

Ar-sam'-e-nes 

Ar-sam'-e-tes 

Ar-sam-o-sa'-ta 

Ar-aa'-nea 

Ar-sa'-ni-aa 

Ar-se'-na 

Ar'-sea 

Ar'-si-a 

Ar-si-dac'-us 

Ar-ain'-o-e 

Ar-ta-ba'-nus 

Ar-ta-ba'-zua 

Ar'-ta-bri 3 

Ar-ta-bri'-taD 

Ar-ta-cae'-as 

Ar-ta- cae'-na 

Ar'\a-ce 

Ar-ta-ce'-ne 

Ar-ta'-ci-a 

Ar-tee'-i 3 

Ar-tag'-e-ras 

Ar-ta-ger'-aea 

Ar-ta'-nes 

Ar-ta-pher'-nes 

Ar-ta'-tus 

Ar-ta-vas'-des 

Ar-tax'-a 

Ar-tax'-a-ta 

Ar-ta-xerx'-ea 

Ar-tax'-i-as 

Ar-ta-yc'-tes 

Ar-ta-yn'-ta 

Ar-ta-yn'-tes 
Ar-tem-ba'-res 



AS 

Ar-tem-i-do'-rus 

fAr'-te-mia 

Ar-te-mis'-i-a 11 

Ar-te-mis'-i-um 

JAr-te-mi'ta 

Ar'-te-mon 

Arth'-mi-us 

Ar-te'-na 

Ar-tim'-pa-sa 

Ar-to-bar-za'-nes 

Ar-toch'-mes 

Ar-to'-na 

Ar-ton'-tea 

Ar-to'-ni-us 

Ar-tox'-a-rea 

Ar-tu'-ri-us 

Ar-ty'-nes 

Ar-tyn'-i-a 

Ar-tys'-to-na 

Ar'-u-ac 

A-ru'-ci 

A-ru'-e-ria 

A -runs 1 

A-run'-ti-us 10 

Ar-u-pi'-nus 

Ar-va'-les 

Ar-ver'-ni 

Ar-vir'-a-gus 

Ar-vis'-i-um 

Ar-vi'-sus 

Arx'-a-ta 

Ar-y-an'-de8 

Ar'-y-bas 

Ar-yp-tae'-ua 

A-aan'-der 

As-ba-me'-a 

As-bes'-taj 

As'-bo-lua 

As-bys'-tae 

As-cal'-a-phus 

Aa'-ca-lon 

As-ca'-ni-a 

Aa-ca'-ni-us 

Aa'-ci-i 3 (a) 

Aa-cle'-pi-a 

As-cle-pi'-a-des 

As-cle-pi-o-do'-rus 

As-cle-pi-o-do'-tua 

As-cle'-pi-us 

As-cle-ta'-ri-on 

As'-clus 

As-co'-li-a 

As-co'-ni-us La'-be-o 

As'-cra 

As'-cu-lum 

As'-dru-bal 

A-sel'-li-o 

A'-si-a 10 11 

A-si-at'-i-cus 

A-ai'-las 

As-i-na'-ri-a 

As-i-na'-ri-us 

As'-i-na 

As'-i-ne 

Aa'-i-nes 

A-sin'-i-us Gal'-lus 

A'-si-us 11 

As-na'-us 

A-so'-phis 

A-so'-pi-a 

As-o-pi'-a-des 

A-so'-pis 

A-so'-pus 

As-pam'-i-thres 

As-pa-ra'-gi-um 

As-pa'-si-a 11 

As-pa-si'-rus 

As-pas'-tes 

As-pa-thi'-nes 



AT 

Ag-pin'-duB 

Aa'-pia 

As-ple -don 

Aa-po-re'-nus 

As'-aa 

Aa-sa-bi-nus 

As-sar'-a-cus 

As-se-ri'-ni 3 

As'-so-rua 

As'-sos 

Aa-syr'-i-a 

As'-ta 

As-ta-cce'-ni 5 

As'-ta-cus 

As'-ta-pa 

As'-ta-pus 

Aa-tar'-te 8 

As'-ter 

Aa-te'-ri-a 

Aa-te'-ri-on 

As-te'-ri-us 

As-te-ro'-di-a 

As-ter-o-pas'-us 

As-ter'-o-pe 

As-te-ro'-pe-a 

Aa-ter-u'-si-us 11 

As-tin'-o-me 

As-ti'-o-chus 

Aa'-to-mi 3 

As-trae'-a 

As-trae -us 

As'-tu 

As'-tur 

As'-tu-ra 

As'-tu-res 

As-ty'-a-ge 

As-ty'-a-ges 

As-ty'-a-lus 

As-ty'-a-nax 

As-ty-cra'-ti-a 10 

As-tyd'-a-mas 

As-ty-da-mi'-a 30 

Aa'-ty-lus 

As-tym-e-du'-sa 

As-tyn'-o-me 

As-tyn'-o-mi 

As-tyn'-o-us 

As-ty'-o-che 

As-ty-o-chi'-a 30 

As-ty-pa-lae'-a 

As-typh'-i-lus 

As-ty'-ron 

Aa'-y-chis 

A-ay'-las 

A-syl'-lus 

A-tab'-u-lus 

At-a-by'-ria 

At-a-by-ri'-te 6 

At'-a-ce 8 

At-a-lan'-ta 

At-a-ran'-tes 

A-tar'-be-chis 11 

A-tar'-ga-tis 

A-tar'-ne-a 

A'-laa, and A'-tbas 

A'-tax 

A'-te 8 

A-tel'-la 

At'-e-na 

At-e-no-ma'-rus 

Ath-a-ma'-nes 

Ath'-a-maa 

Ath-a-man-ti'-a-des 

Ath-a-na'-si-ns 10 

Ath'-a-nis 

A'-the-as 

A-the'-na 

A-the'-naB 8 

Ath-e-nas'-a 



AU 

Ath-e-nas'-um 

Ath-e-nae'-us 

Ath-e-nag'-o-ra» 

Ath-e-na'-ia 

A-the'-ni-on 

A-then'-o-cles 

Ath-en-o-do'-rui 

A'-the-oa 

Ath'-e-sia 

A'-thos 1 

Ath-rul'-la 

A-thym'-bra 

A-ti'-a 11 

A-til'-i-a 

A-til'-i-us 

A-til'-la 

A-ti'-na 

A-ti'-nas 

A-tin'-i-a 

At-lan'-tea 

At-Ian-ti'-a-des 

At-lan'-ti-des 

At'-las 

A-tos'-sa 

At'-ra-ces 

At-ra-myt'-ti-um 

At'-ra-pes 

A'-trax 1 

At-re-ba'-tae 
§At-re-ba'-tes 

A-tre'-ni 

At'-re-us 

A-tri'-dae 

A-tri'-des 

A-tro'-ni-us 

At-ro-pa-te'-ne 

At-ro-pa'-ti-a l 1 

At'-ro-pos 1 

At'-ta 

At-ta'-li-a 

At'-ta-lus 

At-tar'-ras 

At-te'-i-us Cap'-i-to 

At'-tes 

At'-thia 

At'-ti-ca 

At'-ti-cua 

At-ti-da'-teo 

At'-ti-la 

At-til'-i-us 

At-ti'-nas 

At'-ti-us Pe-Iig'-nus 

At-u-at'-i-ci 4 

A'-tu-bi 3 

A-ty'-a-dae 

A'-tys 1 

Au-fe'-i-a a'-qua 

Au-fi-de'-na 

Au-fid'-i-a 

Au-nd'-i-us 

Au'-fi-dus 

Au- ga, and Au'-ge 

Au-ge'-a 

Au'-ga-rus 

Au'-ge-ae 

Au'-gi-as, and 
Au'-ge-as 

Au'-gi-lae 

Au-gi'-nus 

Au'-gu-rea 

Au-gus'-ta 

Au-gus-ta'-li-a 

Au-gua-ti'-nus 

Au-gus'-tin, Eiij. 

Au-gus'-tu-las 

Au-gus'-tus 

Au-lea' tea 

Au-le' tea 

Au'-lia 



gamma should always be pronounced hard in worda from 
that language. What, then, must we alter that long 
catalogue of words where this letter occurs, aa in Gene- 
sis, genius, Diogenes, JEgyptus, &c. .' The question 
answers itself. 

* Arsaces. — Gouldman, Lempriere, Holyoke, and Labbe, 
accent this word on the -first syllable, and unq-iestionably 
not without classical authority; but Ainsworth, and a 
still greater authority, general usage, have, in my opinion, 
determined the accent of this word on the second syl- 
lable. 



t Artemis. — 

" The sisters to Apollo tune their voice, 

" And, Artemis^ to thee whom darts rejoice." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 17. 
\ Artemita. — Ainsworth placea the accent on the an- 
tepenultimate syllable of thia word; but Lempriere, 
Gouldman, and Holyoke, more correctly, in my opinion, 
on the penultimate. 

§ Atrchates.— Ainsworth accents this word on the an- 
tepenultimate syllable ; but Lempriere, Gouldman, Hol- 
yoke, and Labbe, on the penultimate ; and thia is, in my 
opinion, the better pronunciation. 
1069 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



AU 

Au'-ion 

Au lo'-ni-us 

Au'-lus 

Au'-ras 

Au-re'-li-a 

Au-re-li-a'-nus 

Au-re'-li-an, Eng. 

Au-re'-li-us 

Au-re'-o-lus 

Au-ri'-go 

Au-rin'-i-a 

Au-ro'-ra 

Au-run'-ce 8 

Au-run-cu-le'-i-us 



AU 

Aus-chi'-sae 12 
Aas'-ci 3 
Au'-ser 
Au'-se-ris 
Au'-ses 
Au'-son 
Au-ao'-ni a 
Au-so'-ni-us 
Au'-spi-ces 
Aua'-ter 
Aus-te'-si-on 
Au-to-bu'-lus, or 
At-a-bu'-lus 



AU 

Au-ta-ni'-tia 

Au toch'-tho nes 

An to-cles 

Au-toc'-ra-tes 

Au-to-cre'-ne 8 

Au-tol'-o-lae 

Au-tol'-y-cus 

Au-tom'-a-te 

Au-tom'-e-don 

Au-to-me-du'-sa 

Au-tom'-e-nes 

Au-tom'-o-li 

Au-ton'-o-e 



AX 

Au-toph-ra-da'-tes 
Au-xe-si-a 11 
Av-a-ri'-cum 
A-vel'-la 
Av-en-ti'-nus 
A-ver'-nus, or 

A-ver'-na 
A-ves'-ta 
A-vid-i-e'-nus 
A-vid'-i-us Cas'-si-us 
Av-i-e'-nus 
A'-vi-um 
Ax'-e-nus 



AZ 

Ax-i'-o-chus 

Ax-i'-on 29 

Ax-i-o-ni'-cus 30 

Ax-i-o'-te-a 

Ax-i-o'-the-a 

Ax'-i-us 

Ax' ur, and An'-yur 

Ax'-ua 

A -zan 1 

A-zi'-ris 

Az'-o-nax 

A-zo'-rus 11 

A-zo'-tus 



BA 

BA-BIL'-I-US 

Bab'-i-lus 

Bab'-y-lon 

Bab-y-lo'-ni-a 

8ab-y-lo'-ni-i 4 

Ba-byr'-sa 

Ba-byt'-a-ce 

Bac-a-ba'-sus 

Bac'-chffi 

Bac-cha-na'-li-a 

Bac-chan'-tea 

Bac'-chi 3 

Bac-chF-a-da 

Bac'-cbi-des 

Bac'-chis 

Bac'-chi-um 

Bac'-chi-us 

Bac'-chus 

Bac-cbyl'-i-des 

Ba-ce'-nis 

Ba'-cis 

Bac'-tra 

Bac'-tri, and 
Bac-tri-a'-ni 4 

Bac-tri-a'-na 

Bac'-tros 

Bad'-a-ca 

Ba'-di-a 

Ba'-di-us 

Bad-u-hen'-nas 

Bee'-bi-us, M. 

Bae'-tis 

Bae'-ton 

Ba-gis'-ta-me 

Ba-gis'-ta-nea 

Ba-go'-as, and 

Ba-go'-sas 
Bag-o-da'-res . 
Ba-gopb'-a-nes 
Bag'-ra-da 
Ba'-i-ae 
Ba'-la 
Ba-la'-crus 
Bal-a-na'-gras 
Ba-la'-nus 
Ba-la'-ri 
Bal-bil'-lus 
Bal-bi'-nua 
Bal'-bus 
Bal-e-a'-res 
Ba-Ie'-tus 
Ba'-li-ua 
Ba-lis'-ta 
Bal-lon'-o-ti 3 
Bal-ven'-ti-us 10 
Bal'-y-ras 
Bam-u-ru'-SB 
Ban'-ti-ae 4 
Ban'-ti-ua, L. 10 
Baph'-y-rus (3 
Bap'-tee 
Ba-rae'-i 
Bar -a-thrum 
Bar'-ba-ri 



BA 

Bar-ba'-ri-a 
Bar-bos'-the-nes 
Bar-byth'-a-ce 
Bar'-ca 
Bar-cae'-i, or 
Bar'-ci-tae 
Bar'-cae 
Bar'-cha 
Bar-dse'-i 
Bar'-di 
Bar-dyl'-lia 
Ba-rc'-a 

Ba'-re-aa So-ra'-nus 
Ba' -rea 
Bar-gu'-si-i 3 
Ba-ri'-ne 
Ba-ris'-aea 
Ba'-ri-um 
Bar'-nu-U8 
Bar-si'-ne, and 

Bar-se'-ne 
Bar-za-en'-tea 
Bar-za'-nes 
Bas-i-Ie'-a 
Baa-i-li'-doe 
Baa-i-li'-des 
Ba-ail-i-o-pot'-a-mos 
Bas'-i-lis 
Ba-sil'-i-ua 31 
Baa'-i-lu3 
Baa'-aao 
Baa-aa'-ni-a 
Basaa'-re-us 
Baa'-aa-ria 
Baa'-oua Au-fid'-i-ua 
Baa-tar'-nss, and 

Baa-ter'-nae 
Baa'-ti-a 
Ba'-ta 
Ba-ta'-vi 
Ba'-thoa 
Bath'-y-cles 
Ba-tbyl'-lua 
Bat-i-a'-tus 
Ba'-ti-a 11 
Ba-ti'-na, and 

Ban-ti'-na 
Ba'-tia 
Ba'-to 
Ba'-ton 
Bat-ra-cho-my-o- 

macb'-i-a 
Bat-ti'-a-des 
Bat'-tia 
Bat'-tua 
Bat'-u-Ium 
Bat'-u-lua 
■tyl'-lus 
Bau'-bo 
Bau'-cia 
Bau'-li 3 
Ba'-vi-ua 
Baz-a-en'-tes 
za'-ri-a 



BI 

Be'-bi-ua 
Be-bri'-a-cum 
Beb'-ry-ce 6 
Beb'-ry-ces, and 
Be-bryc'-i-i 4 
Be-bryc'-i-a 
Bel-e-mi' na 
Bel-e-phan'-tes 
Bel'-e-aia 
Bel'-g33 
Bel'-gi-ca 
Bel'-gi-um 
Bel'-gi-ua 
Bel'-i-dea, plural. 
Be-li'-dea, singular, 
Be-lis'-a-ma 
Bel-i-aa'-ri us 
Bel-is ti'-da 
Bel'-i tae 
Bel-ler'-o-phon 
*Bel-le'-rua 
Bel-li-e'-nus 
Bel-lo'-na 
Bel-Io-na'-ri-i 4 
Bel-lov'-a-ci 
Bel-lo-ve'-aus 
Be'-Ion 
Be'-lua 
Be-na'-cua 
Ben'-dia 
Ben-e-did'-i-um 
Ben-e-von'-tum 
Ben-the-sic'-y-me 
Be-pol-i-ta'-nus 
Ber'-bi-c33 
Ber-e-cyn'-thi-a 
Ber-e-ni'-ce 30 
Ber-e-ni'-cis 
Ber'-gi-on 
Ber-gis'-te-ni 
Be'-ris, and Ba'-ris 
Ber'-mi-us 
Ber'-o-e 
Be-ra3'-a 
Ber-o-ni'-ce 30 
Be-ro'-sus 
Ber-rhre'-a 
Be'-sa 
Be-sid'-i-ae 
Be-sip'-po 
Bes'-si 3 
Bes'-aus 
Bes'-ti-a 
Be'-tis 
Bo-tu'-ri-a 
Bi'-a 

tBi-a'-nor 
Bi'-as 

Bi-bac'-u-lus 
Bib'-a-ga 

Bib'-li-a. and Bil'-li-a 
Bib'-lis 
Bib-li'-na 
Bib'-lua 



BO 

Bi-brac'-te 

Bib'-u-lua 

Bi'-ces 

Bi'-con 

Bi-cor'-ni-ger 

Bi-cor'-nis 

Bi-for'-mis 

Bi'-frons 

Bil'-bi-lis 

Bi-ma'-ter 

Bin'-gi-um 

Bi'-on 

Bir'-rhus 

Bi-sal'-tae 

Bi-aal'-tes 

Bi-aal'-tia 

Bi-aan'-the 

Bis'-ton 

Bis'-to-nis 

Bi'-thus 

Bith'-y-ro 

Bi-thyn'-i-a 

Bit'-i-as 

Bi'-ton 

Bi-tu'-i-tus 

Bi-tun'-tum 

Bi-tur'-i-ges 

Bi-tur'-i-cum 

Biz'-i-a 

BlaV-na 

Blae'-si-i 4 

Blae'-su3 

Blan-de-no'-na 

Blan-du'-ai-a 

B I a s-to-phoe-ni'-ces 

Blem'-my-es 

B)e-ni'-na 

Blit'-i-us 10 

Blu'-ci-um 10 

Bo-a-dic'-e-a 

Bo'-aR, and Bo'-e-a 

Bo-a'-gri-us 

Bo-ca'-li-as 

Boc'-car 

Boc'-cho-ris 

Boc'-chus 

Bo-du'-ni 

Bo-du-ag-na'-tua 

Boe-be'-is 

Bce'-bi-a 

Bo-e-dro'-mi-a 

BcE-o-tar'-chae 

Bce-o'-ti-a 

Boe-o'-tua 

Boe-or-o-bis'-tas 

Bo-e'-thi-us 

Bo' «-tus 

Bo'-e-us 

Bo'-ges 

Bo'-gud 

Bo'-gus 

Bo'-i-i 3 

Bo-joc'-a-lus 

Bo'-la 



BR 

Bol'-be 

Bol-bi-ti'-num 

Bol'-gi-us 

Bo-Ii'-na 

Bol-i-nae'-us 

Bo-lia'-sua 

Bol-Ia'-nus 

Bo'-lus 

Bom-i-en'-aes 

Bo-mi I'-car 

Bom-o-ni'-cas 30 

Bo-no'-ni-a 

Bo-no'-ai-us 

Bo-no'-zhe-us 

Bo-o-au'-ra 

Bo-o'-tes 

Bo-o'-tus, and 

Boe'-o-tus 
Bo'-re-a 
Bo-re'-a-dea 
Bo'-re-as 
Bo-re-as'-mi 3 
Bo'-re-us 
Bor'-gea 
Bor-go'-di 
Bor'-nos 
Bor-aip'-pa 
Bo'-rus 

Bo-rys'-the-nes 
Boa'-pho-rus 
Bot'-ti-a 
Bot-ti-aR'-ia 
Bo-vi-a'-num 
Bo-vil'-lm 
Brach-ma'-nes 
Brae'-si-a 
Bran-chi'-a-des 
Bran'-chi-da? 
Bran-chyl'-li-des 
Bra'-si-as 
Bras'-i-das 
Bras-i-de'-i-a 
Brau'-re 
Brau'-ron 
Bren'-ni, and 

Breu'-ni 
Bren'-nus 
Bren'-the 
Bres'-ci-a 
Bret'-ti-i 3 
Bri-a'-re-us 
Bri'-aa 
Bri-gan'-tes 
Brig-an-ti'-nua 
Bri'-mo 
Bri-se'-is 
Bri'-aea 
Bri-ae'-us 
Bri-tan'-ni 
Bri-tan'-ni-a 
Bri-tan'-ni-cus 30 
Brit-o-mar'-tis 
Brit-o-ma'-rus 
JBrit'-o-nes 



* Bellerus.— AM our lexicographers unite in giving 
thia word the antepenultimate accent: but Milton aeema 
to have sanctioned the penultimate, as much more agree- 
able to English ears, in his Lycidas : 

"Or whether thou, to our moist vows denied, 
;, S!eep'st by the fable of Bellerus old." 

Though it must be acknowledged that Milton has in this 
word deserted the classical pronunciation, yet his author- 



ity is sufficient to make us acquiesce in his accentuation 
in the above-mentioned passage. 

f Bianor. — Lempriere accents this word on the first 
syllable: but Labbe, Aine worth, Gouldman, and Holyoke, 
on the second : and these agree with Virgil, Eel. ix. t. 60. 

X Britones. — Labbe tells us, that this word is some- 
times pronounced with the penultimate accent, but more 
frequently with the antepenultimate. 
1070 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



BR 

Brix-el'-lum 

Brix'-i-a 

Bn-zo 

Broc-u-be'-lus 

Bro'-mi-us 

Bro'-nius 

Bron -tes 

Bron-ti -nus 

Bro'-te-as 

Bro'-tlie-us 

Bruc'-te-ri 4 

Bru-ma'-li-a 

Brun-du'-si-um 

Bru-tid'-i-us 

Bru'-ti-i 4 

Bru'-tu-lus 



BU 



BU 



BU 



Bru'-tus 


Bu-co]'-i-cura 


Bur'-rhus 


Bry'-as 


Bu-co'-li-on 


Bur'-ea 


Bry-ax'-is 


Bu'-co-lus 


Bur'-si-a 


Brv'-ce 


Bu'-di-i 3 


Bu'-8» 


Brv'-gcs 


Bu-(li'-ni 3 


Bu-si'-ri« 


Bry'-gi 3 5 


Bu-do'-rum 


Bu'-ta 


Bry'-se-a 


Bu'-lis 


Bu'-te-o 


Bu-ba-ce-ne 


Bul-la'-ti-us 10 


Bu'-tes 


Bu-ba'-ces 


Bu'-ne-a 


Bu-thro'-tum 


Bu'-ba-ris 


Bu'-nus 


Bu-thyr-e-us 


Bu-bas-ti'-a-cus 


Bu'-po-lus 


Bu'-to-a 


Bu'-ba-sus 


Bu'-pha-gus 


Ba'-tos 


Bu'-bon 


Bu-pho f -ni-a 


Bu-tor'-i-des 


Bu-cepb'-a-la 


Bn-pra' si-ura 


Bu-tun'-tum 


Bu-cepli'-a-lus 


Bu'-ra 


Bu'-tus 


Bu-col'-i-ca 


Bu-ra'-i-cas 


Bu-zy'-ges 



BY 

Byb-le'-si-a, and 

Bv-bai'-si-a 
Byb'-li-a 
Byb'-li-i 4 
Byb'-lis 
Byl-li'-o-nes 
Byr-rhus 
Byr'-sa 
By-za'-ci-um 
Byz-an-ti'-a-cus 
By-zati'-ti-um 
By'-zas 
By-ze'-nus 
Byz'-e-res 
Byz'-i-a 



CA 

CA-AN'-THUS 

Cab'-a-des 20 

Cab'-a-les 20 

Ca-bal'-i-i 4 

Cab-u-li'-nus 

Cab-al-li'-nam 

Ca-bar'-nos 

Ca-bas'-sus 

Ca-bel'-li-o 4 

Ca-bi'-ia 

Ca-bi'-ri 3 

Ca-bir'-i-a 

Ca-bu'-ra 7 

Cab'-u-rus 20 

Ca'-ca 

Cach'-a-les 20 

Ca'-cus 

Ca-cu'-this 

Ca-cyp'-a-ris 

Ca'-di 3 

Cad-me'-a 

Cad-me'-is 

Cad'-mus 

Ca'-dra 7 

Ca-du'-ce-us 10 

Ca-dur'-ci 3 

Ca-dus'-ci 

Cad'-y-tis 

Cae' a" 7 

Cae'-ci-as 10 

Cae-cil'-i-a 

Cse-cil-i-a'-nus 

Cae-cil'-i-i 4 

Cae-cil'-i-us 

Caec'-i-lus 

Cae-ci'-na Tus'-cus 

Caec'-u-bum 

Caec'-u-lus 

Cae-dic'-i-us 10 

CaV-li-a 

Cffi'-li-U3 

Caam'-a-ro 

Cae'-ne 

Cae'-ne-us 

Caen'-i-des 

Cae-ni'-na 

Cae'-nis 

Cse-not'-ro-ps 

C3e'-pi-o 

Cs-ra'-tus 

Cae'-re, or Cae'-rus 

Caer'-e-si 3 

Cae'-sar 

Caes-a-re'-a 

Cae-sa'-ri-on 

Cfe-se'-na 

Cae-sen -ni-as 

Cae-se'-ti-us 10 

Cae'-si-a 10 

Cae'-ai-ua 10 

Cae'-so 

Ca-so'-ni-a 

Cas-to'-ni-us 

Ca:t'-c-brix 

Ca3t'-u-lum 

Caj'-YX 

Ca-ga'-co 
Ca-i-ci'-nus 



CA 

Ca-i'-cus 

Ca-i-e'-ta 

Ca'-i-us, and Ca'-i-a 

Ca'-i-ti9 

Cal'-ab-er, a 

Ca-la'-bri-a 

Cal'-a-brus 

Cal-a-gur-rit' a-ni 

Cal' a-is 

Ca lag'-u-tis 

Cal'-a-mis 20 

Cal-a-mi -sa 

Cal'-a-mos 

Cal'-a-mus 20 

Ca-la'-nus 

Cai'-a-on 

Cal'-a-ris 

Cal-a-tha'-na 

Ca-Ia'-thi-on 

Cal'-a-thus 

Cal'-a-tes 20 

Ca-la'-ti-a 

Ca-la'-ti-s 10 

Cal-au-re'-a, and 

Cal-au-ri'-a 
Ca-la'-vi-i 4 
Ca-la'-vi-us 
Cal -bis 
Cal-ce 
Cal -chas 
Cal-cbe-do'-ni-a 
Cal-chin'-i-a 12 
Cal -dus Cae'-li-us 
Ca-le 

Cal-e-do'-ni-a 
Ca-le'-nus 
Ca'-les 

Ca-le'-si-us 10 
Ca-le'-tae 
Cal'-e-tor 20 
Ca'-lex 
Cal-i-ad'-ne 
Cal-i-ce'-ni 
Ca-lid'-i-us, M. 
Ca-lig'-u-la, C. 
Cal -i-pus 
Ca-lis 

Cal-laes'-chrus 
Cal-la'-i-ci 4 
Cal'-las 
Cal-la-te'-bus 
Cal-la-te'-ri-a 
Cal-Ie'-ni 
Cal -li-a 
Cal-li'-a-des 
Cal'-li-as 
Cal-lib'-i-us 
Cal-li-ce'-rus 
Cal-lich'-o-rus 
Cal'-li-cles 
Cal-li-co-lo'-na 
Cal-lic'-ra-tes 
Cal-lic-rat'-i-das 
Cal-lid'-i-us 
Cal-lid'-ro-mus 
Cal-li-ge'-tus 
Cal-lim'-a-chus 12 
Cal-lim'-e-don 



CA 

Cal-lim'-e-des 

Cal-li'-nus 

Cal-li ; -o-pe 8 

Cal-li-pa-ti'-ra 30 

Cal'-li-phon 

Cal'-li-phron 

Cai-lip'-i-das 

Cal-lip'-o-lis 

Cal'-li-pus 

Cal-lip'-y-ges 

Cal-!ir'-ho-e 8 

Cal-lis'-te 

Cal-lis-te'-i-a 

Cal-lis'-the-nea 

Cai-lis'-to 

Cal-lis-to-ni'-cus 

Cal-lis'-tra-tus 

Cal-lix'-e-na 

Cal-lix'-e-nus 

Ca'-lon 

Ca'-lor 

Cal'-pe 

Cal-phur'-ni-a 

Cal-phur'-ni-us 

Cal-pur'-ni-a 

Cal-u-sid'-i-us 

Cal-u'-si-um 10 

Cal'-vi-a 

Cal-vi'-na 

Cal-vis'-i-us 10 

Cal'-y-be 8 

Cal-y-cad'-nus 

Cal'-y-ce 8 

Ca-lvd'-i-um 

Ca-lyd'-na 

Cal'-y-don 6 

Cal-y-do'-nis 

Cal-v-do'-ni-us 

Ca-lym'-ne 

Ca-lyn'-da 

Ca-lyp'-so 

Ca-inan'-ti-uni 10 

Cam-a-ri'-na 

Cam-bau'-les 

Cam'-bes 

Cam'-bre 

Cam-bu'-ni-i 4 

Cam-by'-sfis 

Cam-e-la'-ni 3 

Cam-e-li'-tae 

Cam'-e-ra 7 

Cam-e-ri'-num, and 

Ca-me'-ri-um 
Cam-e-ri'-nus 
Ca-mer'-ti-um 
Ca-mer'-tes 
Ca-mil'-la 
Ca-mil'-li, and 

Ca-mil'-las 
Ca-mil'-lu3 
Ca-mi'-ro 
Ca-mi'-rus, and 

Ca-mi'-ra 
Cam-is-sa'-res 
Cam'-ma 
Ca-moe'-nae 
Cam-pa'-na Lex 
Cam-pa'-ni-a 



CA 

Cam'-pe 8 

Cam-pas -pe 

Camp'-sa 

Canv'-pus Mar'-ti-us 

Cam-u-lo-gi'-nus 

Ca'-na 

Can'-a-ce 

Can'-a-cbe 12 

Can'-a-chus 

Ca'-na 

Ca-na'-ri-i 4 

Can'-a-thus 

*Can'-da-ce 

Can-dau'-les 

Can-da'-vi-a 

Can-di'-o-pe 

Ca'-nens 

Can-e-pho'-ri-a 

Can'-e-thum 

Ca-nic-u-la'-res di'es 

Ca-nid'-i-a 

Ca-nid'-i-us 

Ca-nin-e-fa'-tes 

Ca nin'-i-us 

Ca-nis'-ti-us 10 

Ca'-ni-us 

Can '-nffi 

Ca-nop'-i-cum 

Ca-no'-pus 

Can'-ta-bra 

Can'-ta-bri 3 

Can-ta'-bri-ae 4 

Can'-tha-rus 20 

Can'-thus 

Can'-ti-urn 10 

Can-u-le-i-a 

Can-u-le'-i-us 

Ca-nu'-li-a 

Ca-nu'-si-um 10 

Ca-nu'-si-us 

Ca-nu'-ti-us 10 

Cap'-a-neus, 3 eyll- 

Ca-pel'-la 

Ca-pe'-na 

Ca-pe'-nas 

Ca-pe'-ni 3 

Ca'-per 

Ca-pe'-tus 

Ca-pha'-re-us 

Caph'-y-a; 4 

Ca'-pi-o 4 

Cap-is-se'-ne 

Cap'-i-to 

Ca-pit-o-li'-nus 

Cap-i-to'-li-um 

Cap-pa-do'-ci-a 10 

Cip' pa-dox 

Ca-pra'-ri-a 

Ca'-pre-ae 

Cap-ri-cor'-nus 

Cap-ri-fic-i-a'-lis 

Ca-pri'-na 

Ca-prip'-e-des 

Ca -pri-us 

Cap-ro-ti'-na 

Ca'-prus 

Cap'-sa 

Cap'-sa-ge 



CA 

Cap'-u-a 

Ca'-pys 

Ca'-pys Syl'-vi-n* 

Car-a-bac'-tra 

Car'-a-bis 20 

Car-a-cal'-la 

Ca-rac'-a-tes 

Ca-rac'-ta-cus 

Ca'-rae 

Ca-r;€'-u3 

Car'-a-lis 

Car-a-nus 20 

Ca-rau'-si-u9 10 

Car'-bo 

Car-che'-don 12 

Car-ci'-nus 

Car-da'-ces 

Car-dani'-y-le 

Car'-di-a 

Car-du'-chi 12 3 

Ca'-res 

Car'-e-sa 

Ca-res'-su9 

Car-rin'-i-a 

Ca'-ri-a 

Ca'-ri-a8 

Ca-ri'-a-te 

Ca-ri'-na 

Ca-ri'-nas 

Car-i'-ne 

Ca-ri'-nus 

Ca-ris'-sa-nnm 

Ca-ris'-tuin 

Car-ma'-ni-a 

Car-ma'-nor 

Car'-me 

Car-meMus 

Car-men'-ta, and 

Car-men'-tis 
Car-men-ta'-les 
Car-men-ta'-lis 
Car'-mi-deg 6 20 
Car'-na Car-din'-e-a 
Car-na'-si-us 10 
Car-ne'-a-des 
Car-ne'-i-a 
Car'-ni-on 
Car'-nug 
Car-nu'-tes 
Car-pa'-si-a J I 
Car-pa'-si-um 11 
Car'-pa-tbus 
Car'-pi-a 7 
Car'-pis 
Car'-po 
Car-poph-o-ra 
Car-poph'-o-rus 
Car'-rae, and Car'-rhee 
Car-ri-na'-tes 
Car-ru'-ca 
Car-se'-o-Ii 3 
Car-ta -li-as 
Car-thae'-a 
Car-tha-gin-i-en'- ses 
Car-tha -go 
Cari-thage, Eng. 
Car' tha sis 
Car-te'-ia, 



* Candace. — Lempriere, Labbe, and Ainswortli, ac- 
cent thii word on the first syllable, but Gouldman and 
Holyoke on the second ; and I am much mistaken if the 



general ear hai not sanctioned this latter pronunciation, 
and given it the preference. 

1071 






GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



CE 

Ca'-rus 

Car-vil'-i-us 

Ca ; ry-a 6 7 

Car-y-a'-tre 

Car-y-a'-tis 

Ca-rys'-ti-ug 

Ca-rys'-tus 

Ca'-ry-um 

Cas'-ca 

Cas-cel'-H-us 

Cas-i-li'-num 

Ca-si'-na Ca-si'-num 

Ca'-si-us 10 

Cas'-me nae 

Cas-mil'-la 

Cas-pe'-ri-a 

Cas-per'-u-la 

Oas-pi-a'-na 

Cas'-pi-i 4 

Cas'-pi-um Ma -re 

Cas-san-da'-ne 

Cas-san' der 

Cas-san'-dra 

Cas-san'-dri-a 

Cas'-si-a 10 

Cas-si'-o-pe 

Ca-si-o-pe'-a 

Cas-si-tcr'-i-des 

Cas'-si-us, G 10 

Cas-si-ve-lau'-nus 

Cas-so'-tis 

Cas-tab'^a-la 

Cas'-ta-ttus 

Cas-ta'-B-a 

Cas-ta'-^|-us Fons 

Cas-to'-%is 

Cas-ta'-rie-a 

Cas-ti-a-ni'-ra 

Cas'-tor and Pol'-lux 

Cas-tra'-ti-us 10 

Cas'-tu-lo 

Cat-a-du'-pa 

Cat-a-men'-te-les 

Cat'-a-na 20 

Cat-a-o'-ni-a 

Cat-a-rac'-ta 

Cat'-e-nes 

Ca-thaV-a 

Cath'-a-ri 3 

Ca'-ti-a 11 

Ca-ti-e'-na 

Ca-ti-e'-nus 

Cat-i-Ii'-na 

Cat'-i-line, Eng. 

Ca-til'-li 3 

Ca-til'-lus, or 

Cat'-i-lus 
Ca-ti'-na 
Ca'-ti-us 10 
Cat'-i-zi 3 
Ca'-to 1 
Ca'-tre-us 
Cat'-ta 
Cat'-ti 3 
C'at-u-li-a'-na 
Ca-tul'-lus 
Cat'-u-lus 20 
Cau'-ca-sus 
Cau'-con 
Cau'-co-nes 
Cau'-di, and 

Cau'-di-um 
Cau-lo'-ni-a 
Cau'-ni-us 
Cau'-nus 
Cau'-ros 
Cau'-rus 
Ca'-us 

Cav-a-ril'-lus 
Cav-a ri'-nus 
Ca'-vi-i 3 
Ca-y'-ci 3 6 
Ca-y'-cus 
Ca ys'-ter 
Ce'-a, or Ce'-os 
Ce'-a-des 
Ceb-al-li'-nus 
Ceb-a-ren'-ses 



CE 

(^e'-bes 
Ce'-bren 
Ce~bre'-ni-a 
Ce-bri'-o-nes 
Cec'-i-das 
Ce-cil'-i-us 
Cec'-i-na 
Ce-cin'-na, A. 
Ce-cro'-pi-a 
Ce-crop'-i-dae 
Ce'-crops 
Ce-cryph'-a-lae 
Ced-re-a'-tis 
Ce'-don 
Ce-dru'-si-i 3 
Ceg'-lu-sa 
Ce'-i 3 
Cel'-a-don 
Cel'-a-dns 
Ce-lae'-nae 
Ce-lae'-no 
Cel'-e-pe 4 

Ce-le'-i-a, and Ce'-la 
Cel-e-la'-tes 
Ce-len'-drae 
Ce-len'-dris, or 
Ce-len'-de-ris 
Ce-le'-ne-us 
Ce-len'-na Ce-la3'-na 
Ce'-ler 
Cel'-e-re3 
Cel'-e-trum 
Ce'-le-us 
Cel'-mus 
Cel'-o-na? 
Cel'-sus 
Cel'-ta? 
Cel-ti-be'-ri 
Cel'-ti-ca 
Cel'-ti-ci 
Cel-til'-lus 
Cel-to'-ri-i 4 
Cel-tos'-cy-thae 
Cem'-me-nus 
Cem'-psi 3 
Ce-naV-um 
Cen'-chre-ae 12 
Cen'-chre-is 
Cen'-chre-us 
Cen'-chri-us 
Ce-nes'-po-lis 
Ce-ne'-ti-um 10 
Ce'-ne-us 
Cen-i-iriag'-ni 
Ce-ni'-na 
Cen-o-ma'-ni 
Cen-so'-res 
Cen-so-ri'-nus 
Cen'-sus 
Cen-ta-re'-tus 
Cen-tau'-ri 3 
Cen-tau'-rus 
Cen-tob'-ri-ca 
Cen'-to-res 20 
Cen-tor'-i-pa 
Cen-tri'-tes 
Cen-tro'-ni-us 
Cen-tum'-vi-ri 4 
Cen-tu'-ri-a 
Cen-tu'-ri-pa 
Ce'-os and Ce'-a 
Ceph'-a-las 
Ceph-a-le'-di-on 
Ccph-a-le'-na 
Ce-phal'-len 
Ceph-al-le'-ni-a 
Ceph'-a-lo 
Ceph-a-lo3'-dis 5 
Ceph'-a-lon 
Ceph-a-lot'-o-mi 
Ceph-a-lu'-di-um 
Ceph'-a-lus 
Ce-phe'-us 
Ce-pbe'-nes 
Ce-phis'-i-a 10 20 
Ceph-i-«i'-a-des 
Ce-phis-i-do'-rus 
Ce-phis'-i-on 10 



CH 

Ce-phis-od'-o tus 
Ce-phi' sus 
Ce-phis'-sus 
Ce'-phren 
Ce'-pi-o 
Ce'-pi-on , 
Cer'-a-ca 
Ce-rac'-a-tea 
Ce-ram'-bus 
Cer-a-mi'-cus 
Ce-ro'-mi um 
Cer'-a-mus 
Ce'-ras 
Cer'-a-sus 
Cer'-a-ta 
Ce-ra' tus 
Ce-rau'-ni a 
Ce-rau' ni- i 4 
Ce-rau'- nus 
Ce-rau'-si-us 10 
Cer-be'-ri-on 
Cer'-be-rus 
Cer'-ca-phus 
Cer-ca-so '-rum 
Cer-ce'-is 
Cer-ce'-ne 
Cer-ces'-tes 
Cer'-ci-des 
Cer'-ci-i 4 
Cer'-ci-na 
Cer-cin'-i-um 
Cer-cin ; -na 
Cer'-ci-us 10 
Ccr-co'-pes 
Cer'-cops 
Cer'-cy-on 10 
Cer-cy'-o-ne3 
Cer-cy'-ra, or 
Cor-cy'-ra 
Cer-dyl'-i-um 
Cer-e-a'-li-a 
Ce'-res 
Ce-res'-sos 
Cer'-e-tae 
Ce-ri-a'-lis 
Ce'-ri-i 4 
Ce-ril'-lum 
Ce-rin'-thus 
Cer-y-ni'-tes 
Cer-ma'-nus 
Cer'-nes 
Ce'-ron 

Cer-o-pas'-a-des 
Ce-ros'-sus 
Cer'-phe-res 
Cer-rhae'-i 3 
Cer-sob-lep'-tes 
Cer'-ti-ma 
Cer-to'-ni-um 
Cer-va'-ri-us 
Cer'-y-ces 6 20 
Ce-ryc'-i-us 
Cer-y-mi'-ca 
Cer-ne'-a 
Ce-ryn'-i-tes 
Ce-sel'-li-us 
Ce-sen'-ni-a 
Ces'-ti-us 10 
Ces-tri'-na 
Ces-tri'-nu3 
Ce'-tes 
Ce-the'-gus 
Ce'-ti-i 4 10 
Ce'-ti-us 10 
Ce'-to 

Ce'-us, and Ca^-us 
Ce'-yx 

*Cha'-bes 12 
Cha-bi'-nus 
Cha'-bri-a 
Cha'-bri-as 
Chab'-ry-is 6 
Chas-an'-i-tae 4 
ChaV-re-as 
Cha3r-e-de'-mus 
Chavre'-mon 
Cha»r -e-phon 
Chffi-res'-tra-ta 



CH 

Chaa-rin'-thus 
Chae-rip'-pus 
Chce'-ro 
Chae-ro-ne'-a, and 

Cher-ro-ne'-a 
Chae-ro'-ni-a 
Cha-lae'-on 
Chal-cae'-a 
Chal'-ce-a 
Chal-ce'-don, and 

Chal-ce-do -ni-a 
Chal-ci-de'-ne 
Ckal-ci-den'-ses 
Chal-cid'-e-us 
Chal-cid'-i-ca 
Chal-cid'-i-cus 
Chal-ci-o2'-us 
Chal-ci'-o-pe 
Chal-ci'-tis 3 
Chal'-cis 
Chal'-co-don 
Chal'-con 
Chal'-cus 
Chal-doe'-a 
Chal-dae'-i 3 
Cha-les'-tra 
Chal-o-ni'-tis 
Chal'-y-bes, and 

Cal'-y-bes 
Chal-y-bo-ni'-tis 
Chal'-ybs 
Cha-ma'-ni 
Cham-a-vi'-ri 4 
Cha'-ne 
Cha'-on 
Cba'-o-nes 
Cha-o'-ni-a 
Cha-o-ni'-tis 
Cha-os 
Char'-a-dra 
Cha-ra'-dros 
Char'-a-drus 
Cha-raj -a-das 
Char-an-dae -i 
Cha -rax 
Cha-rax-es and 

Cha-rax'-us 
Cha'-res 
Char'-i-cles 
Char'-i-clo 
Char-i-cli -des 
Char-i-de -mus 
Char'-i-Ia 
Char-i-la'-us, and 

Cba-ril -lus 
Cha-ri -ni, and 

Ca-ri-ni 3 
Cha -ris 
Cha-ris -i-a 
Char'-i-tes 
Char'-i-ton 
Char'-me, and 

Car'-me 
Char'-mi-das 
Char'-mi-des 
Char-mi'-nus 
fChar-mi'-o-ne 
Char'-mis 
Char-mos'-y-na 
Char'-mo-tas 
Char'-mus 
Cha'-ron 
Cha-ron'-das 
Char-o-ne'-a 
Cha-ro'-ni-um 
Cha'-rops, and 

Char'-o-pes 
Cha-ryb'-dis 
Chau'-bi, and 

Chau'-ci 
Chau'-la 7 
Chau'-rus 
Che'-a 
Che'-l33 
Che'-les 
Che]-i-do'-ni-a 
Chel-i-do'-ni-ae 
Che-lid'-o-nis 



CH 

Chel'-o-ne 
CJiel -o-nis 
Chel-o-noph -a-gi 
Chel-y-do'-re-a 
Chein'-mis 
IChe'-na 7 
Chc'-naR 
Che'-ni-on 
Che'-ni-us 
Che'-op&, and 

Che-os'-pes 
Che'-phron 
Cher-e-moc'-ra-tes 
Che-ris'-o-phus 
Cher'-o-piion 
Cher'-si-as 10 
Cher-sid'-a-mas 
Cher'-si-pho 
Cher-so-ne'-su8 
Che-rus'-ci 3 
Chid-nae'-i 3 
Chil-i-ar'-chus 
Chil'-i-us, and 

Chil'-e-us 
Chi'-lo 
Chi-lo'-nis 
Chi-mae'-ra 
Chim'-a-rus 
Chi-mo'-ri-um 
Chi-om'-a-ra 
Chi'-on 1 
Chi'-o-ne 8 
Chi on'-i-des 
Chi'-o-nis 
Chi' os 
Chi'-ron 
Chit'-o-ne 8 
Chlo'-e 
Chlo'-re-u3 
Chlo'-ris 
Chlo'-rus 
Cho a-ri'-na 
Cho-as'-pes 
Cho'-bus 
Choer'-a-des 
Choer'-i-las 
Chrei ^-e-se 
Chon'-ni-das 
Chon'-u-phis 
Cho-ras'-mi 3 
Cho-rin'-e-us 
Cho roe-bus 
Cho rom-nae'-i 3 
Chos'-ro-es 
Clire'-mes 
Chrem'-e-tes 
Chres'-i-phon 
Chres-phon'-tes 
Chres'-tus 
Chro'-mi-a 
Chro'-mi-os 
Chro'-mis 
Chro-mi-us 
Chro'-ni-us 
Chro'-nos 
Chry'-a-sus 
Chry'-sa, and 

Chry'-se 
Chrys'-a-me 
Chry-san'-taa . 
Chry-san'-thi-us 
Chry-san'-tis 
JChry-sa'-or 
Clirys-a-o'-re-U3 
Chry-sa'-o-ris 
Chry'-sas 
Chry-se'-i3 
Chry-ser'-mus 
Chry'-3es 
Chry-sip'-pe 
Chry-sip'-pus 
Chrv'-sis 

Chrys-o-as'-pi-des 
Chry-sog'-o-nus 
Chrys o-la'-us 
Chry so'-di-um 
Chry sop'-o-lis 
Chry sor'-rho-ae 



* Chabes. — The ch in this, and all words from the Greek 
*nd Latin, must be pronounced like fe. 

f Charmione. — Dryden, in his tragedy of Ml for Love, 
feas anglicised this word into Ckarmion; — the c/t pro- 
nounced as in charm. 



X Chrysaor. — 

" Then started out, when you began to bleed, 
u The great Chrysaor, and the gallant 9teed." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. 
1072 






GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



CI 

Chry-sor -rho-as 

Oirys -os-tom 

Chrvs-oth'-e-mis 

Chrvx'-us 

Chtiio'-ni-a HI 

Chtho' ni-us 19 

Chy -trum 

Cib-a-fi'-tls 

Cib'-y-ra 

Cic'-e-ro 

Cith'-y-ris 

Cic'-o-nes 

Ci-cu'-ta 

Ci-lic'-i-a 10 

Ci-lis'-sa 

Ci'-iix 

Cil'-Ia 

Cil'-les 

Cil'-lus 

Cil'-ni-us 

Ci'-lo 

Cim'-ber 

Cim-be'-ri-us 

Cim'-bri 3 

Cim -bri-cum 

Cim'-i-nua 

Cim-me'-ri-i 4 

Cinv'-me-ris 

Cim-me'-ri-um 

Ci-mo'-lis, and 

Ci-no'-lis 
Ci-mo'-lus 
Ci'-mon 
Ci-nt'-thon 
Ci-nar'-a-das 
Cin'-ci-a '0 
Cin-cin-na'-tus, L. Q.. 
Cin'-ci-us 10 
Cir,'-e-as 
Ci-ne'-si-as 11 
Cin'-e-thon 
Cin'-ga 
Cin-get'-o-rix 
Shi-jet'-o-riz 
Cin'-gu-!um 
Cin-i-a'-ta 
Ci-nitb'-i-i 4 
Gin'-na 
Cin'-na-don 
Cin'-na-mus 
Cin-ni'-a-na 
Cinx'-i-a 
Ci'-nyps, and 

Cin'-y-phus 
Cin'-y-ras 
Ci'-os 
Cip'-pus 
Cir'-ce 

Cir-con'-ses Lu'-di 
Cir'-ci-us 10 
Cir'-cus 
Ci'-ria 

Cir-r;e'-a-tum 
Cir'-rha. and 

Cyr'-rha 
Cir'-tha. and Cir'-ta 
Cis-al-pi'-na GaF-li-a 
Ci< ; -pa 
Cis'-sa 
Cis'-se-is 
6n-se'-ug 
Cis'-si-a 11 
Cis'-si-rc 11 
Cis'-si-des 
Ois-soBs'-sa 5 
Cis'-sua 
(_'is-su'-sa 
Cis-iae'-ne 
Ci-th;e'-ron 
Cith-a-ris'-ta 



CL 

Cit'-i-um 10 

Ci'-us 

Ci-vi'-lis 

Ciz'-y-cum 

Cla'-de-us 

Cla'-nes 

Cla'-nis 

Cla'-ni-us, or Cla'-nis 

Cla'-ros 

Clas-tid'-i-um 

Clau'-di-a 

Clau'-di-a! 

Clau-di-a'-nus 

Clau-di-op'-o-lis 

Clau'-di-us 

Clau'-sus 

Clav-i-e'-nus 

Clav'-i-ger 

Cla-zom'-e-nne, and 

Cla-zom'-e-na 
Cle'-a-das 
Cle-an'-der 
Cle-an'-dri-dag 
Cle-an'-thes 
Cle-ar'-chus 
Cle-ar'-i-des 
Cle'-mens 
Cle'-o 
Cle'-o-bis 
Cle-o-bu'-la 
Cle-ob-u-li'-na 
Cle-o-bu'-lus 
Cle-o-clia'-res 
Cle-o-cha'-ri-a 
Cle-o-dre'-us 
Cle-od'-a-mas 
Cle-o-de'-mus 
Cle-o-do'-ra 
Cle-o-<iox'-a 
Cle-og'-e-nes 
Cle-o-la'-us 
Cle-om'-a-chus 
Cle-o-man -tes 
Cle-om'-bro-tus 
Cle-o-me'-des 
*Cle-om'-e-nes 
Cle'-on 
Cle-o'-na?, and 

Cle'-o-na 
Cle-o'-ne 
Cle-o-ni'-ca 
Cle-o-ni'-cus 30 
Cle-on'-nis 
C)e-on'-y-mus 
Cle-op'-a-ter 
fCle-o-pa'-tra 
Cle-op'-a-tris 
Cle-oph'-a-nes 
Cle-o-phan'-tlius 
Cle'-o-phe3 
Cle-oph'-o-lus 
Cle'-o-phon 
Cle-o-phy'-lus 
Cle-o-pom'-pus 
Cle-op-tol'-e-mus 
Cle'-o-pus 
Cle-o'-ra 
Cle-os'-tra-tus 
Cle-ox'-e-nus 
Clep'-sv-dra 
C!e'-ri "3 
Clcs'-i-des 
Cle'-ta 
Clib'-a-nu3 
Cli-de'-mus 
Clim'-e-nus 
Cli -nas 
Clin'-i-as 
Cli-nip'-pi-des 
Cli-nus 



CCE 

Cli'-o 

Cli-sith'-o-ra 

Clis'-tho-nes 

Cli'-tro 

Cli-tar'-chus 

Cli'-K> 

Cli-ter'-ni-a 

Clit-o-de'-mus 

Cli-tom'-a-chus 

Cli-ton'-v-mus 

Clit'-o-phon 

Cli'-tor 

Cli-to'-ri-a 

Cli-tum'-nus 

Cli'-tus 

Clo-a-ci'-na 

Clo-an'-thus 

Clo'-di-a 

Clo'-di-us 

Clce'-li-a 

Cla>'-li-ffl 4 

Cloe'-li-us 

Cio'-nas 

Clon'-di-cus 

Clo'-ni-a 

Clo'-ni-us 

Clo'-tbo 

Cln-a-ci'-na 

Clu-en'-ti-us 10 

Clu'-pe-a, and 

Clvp'-e-a 23 
Clu'-si-a 11 
C!u-si'-ni Fon'-tes 
Clu-si'-o-Ium 
Clu'-si-um 10 
Clu'-gi-us 10 
Clu'-vi-a 

Clu'-vi-us Ru-fus 
Clym'-e-ne 
Clym-en-e'-i-des 
Clym'-e-nus 
Cly-son-y-mu'-sa 
Clyt-em-nes'-tra 
Clyt'-i-a, or 

Clyt'-i-e 
Clyt'-i-ua 10 
Cly'-tus 

JCna-ca'-di-um 13 
Cnac'-a-lis 
Cna'-gi-a 
Cne'-mug 
Cne'-us, or 

Cnas'-us 
Cni-din'-i-um 
Cni'-dus, or 

Gni'-tlus •, 
Cno'-pus 13 
Cnos'-si-a 11 
Cno'-sus 
Co-a-ma'-ni 
Co-as'-tr<e. ami 

Co-ac'-trse 
Cob'-a-res 
Coc'-a-lus 
Coc-ce'-i-us 
Coc-cyg'-i-us 
Co'-cles, Pub. Horat. 
Coc'-ti-a?, and 

Cot'-ti-ae 
Co-cy'-tus 
Co-dom'-a-nus 
Cod'-ri-dsa 
Co-drop'-o-lis 
Co'-drus 
Coe-cil'-i-u9 
Cre'-la 
Coe-lal'-e-trc 
Ccel-e-syr'-i-n, and 

Cce-lo-gyr'-i-a 
Coe'-li-a 



CO 

Ccc-li ob" ri-ga 

Cob'-H us 

Cod'-1u9 

C(B-nus 

Ccer'-a-nus 

Co'-eg 

Coe'-us 

Cog'-a-mus 

Cog-i-du'-nus 

Co'-hi-bus 

Co'-hors 

Co-lai'-nus 

Co-lax'-ais 

Co-lax'-es 

Co!'-chi 13 3 

Col'-chis, and 

Col'-chos 
Co-len'-da 
Co'-Ii-as 
Col-la'-ti-a 
Col-la-ti'-nua 
§Col-li'-na 
Col-lu'-ci-a 
Co'-lo 
Co-lo'-nsB 
Co-lo'-ne 
Co-lo'-nos 
Col'-o-phon 
Co-los'-se, and 

Co-los'-sis 
Co-los'-sus 
||CoI'-o-tes 
Coi'-pe 
Co-lum'-ba 
Col-u-mel'-la 
Co-lu-thus 
Co-lyt'-tug 
Com-a-ge'-na 
Com-a-ge'-ni 
Co-ma'-na 
Co-ma'-ni-a 
Com'-a-ri 3 
Com'-a-rug 
Co-mag'-tus 
Com-ba'-bus 
Com '-be 
Com'-bi 3 
Com-bre'-a 
Com'-bu-tis 
Co-me'-tes 
Com'-e-tho 
Co-min'-i-us 
Co-mit'-i-a 10 
Co'-mi-us 
Com'-mo-dus 
Co'-mon 
Com-pi-ta'-li-a 
Comp'-sa-tus 
Com-pu'-sa 
Co'-mus 
Con'-ca-ni 3 
Con-cor'-di-a 
Con'-da-lug 
Con'-da-te 
Con-do-cha'-tes 
Con-dru'-gi 3 
Con-dyl'-i-a 
Co'-ne 7 
Con-e-to-du'-nus 
Con-fu'-ci-ug 10 
Con-ge'-dus 
Co'-ni-i 3 
Con-i-sal'-tus 
Co-nig'-ci 3 
Con-ni'-das 
Co'-non 
Con-sen'-tes 
Con-gen'-ti-a 
Con-sid'-i-us 
Con-si-li'-num 



CO 

Con' etans 

Con-9tan'-ti-a 11 

Con-stan-ti'-na 

Con-etan-ti-nop'-o-lis 

Con-stan-ti'-nus 

Con'stan-tine, Eng. 

Con-gtan'-ti-us 10 

Con'-sug 

Con-syg'-na 

Con-ta-des'-dus 

Con-tu'-bi-a 7 

Co'-on 

Co'-os, Cos, Ce'-a and 

Co 
Co'-pae 
Co-phon'-tis 
Co'-phas 
Co'-pi-a 7 
Co-pil'-las 
Co-po'-ni-us 
Cop'-ra-te8 
Co'-pre-us 

Cop'-tus, and Cop'-tos 
Co'-ra 
Cor-a-ce'-si-um, and 

Cor-a-cen'-si-um 
Cor-a-co-na'-sus 
Co-ral'-e-tae 
Co-ral'-H 3 
Co-ra'-nus 
Co'-ras 
Co '-rax 
Co-rax'-i 3 
Cor'-be-us 
Cor'-big 
Cor'-bu lo 
Cor-cy -ra 
Cor'-du-ba 
Cor-du-e'-ne 8 
Co'-re 8 
Co-reg'-sus 
Cor'-e-sus 
Cor'-e-tas 
Cor-fin'-i-um 
Co'-ri-a 7 
Co-rin'-e-um 
Co-rin'-na 
Co-rin'-nus 
Co-rin'-thus 
Co-ri-o-la'-nus 23 
Co-ri'-o-li, and 

Ob-ri-ol'-la 
Co-ris'-gus 
Cor'-i-tus 
Cor'-mug 
Cor'-ma-sa 
Cor-ne'-li-a 
Cor-ne'-li-i 4 
Cor-nic'-u-lum 
Cor-ni-fic'-i-ug 10 
Cor'-ni-ger 
Cor-nu'-tus 
Co-roe'-bus 
Co-ro'-na 
Cor-o-ne'-a 
Co-ro'-nis 
Co-ron'-ta 
Co-ro'-nus 
Cor-rha'-gi-um 
Cor'-si 3 
Cor'-si-ae 
Cor'-si-ca 7 
Cor'-go-te 
Cor'-gu-ra 7 
Cor-to'-nae 
Co'-rus 

Cor-un-ca'-nus 
Cor-vi'-nug 
Cor-y-ban'-tes 6 
Cor'-y-bas 



* Cleomenes. — Tbere is an. unaccountable caprice in 
Drydcn's accentuation of this word, in oppogition to all 
prosody ; for, through the whole tragedy of this title, he 
places the accent on the penultimate instead of the an- 
tepenultimate syllable. 

t Cleopatra. — The learned editor of Labbe tells us, 
this word ought to be pronounced with the accent on the 
antepenultimate, Cle-op'-a-tra, though the penultimate 
accentuation, he says, is the more common. 

13S 



J Cnacadium. — C before m, in this and the succeed- 
ing words, is mute ; and they must be pronounced as it 
written Nacadium, Nacalis, &c. 

§ Collina.— Leropriere accents this word on the ante- 
penultimate ; but Ainsworth, Gouldman, and Holyoke, 
more properly, on the penultimate. 

|| Colotes. — Ainsworth and Lempriere accent this word 
on the antepenultimate syllable; but Labbe, Gouldman 
and Holyoke, more agreeably to the general ear, on the 
penultimate. iq^q 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



CR 

Cor-y-bas'-sa 

Cor'-y-bus 

Co-ryc'-i-a 24 

Co-ryc'-i-des 

Co-ryc'-i-us 10 

Cor'-y-cus 6 

Cor'-y-don 

Cor'-y-la, and 
Cor-y-le'-um 

Co- rym'-bi-fer 

Cor'-y-na 

Cor-y-ne'-ta, and 
Cor-y-ne'-tes 

Cor-y-pha'-si-um 

Cor-y-then'-ses 

Cor'-y-bus 

Co-ry'-tus 6 

Cos 

Co'-sa, and Cos'-sa. < 
Co'-ssb 

Cos-co'-ni-us 

Co-sin '-gas 

Co'-sis 

Cos'-mus 

Cos'-se-a 7 

Cos'-sus 

Cos-su'-ti-i 4 

Cos-to-bce'-i 3 

Co-sy'-ra 

Co'-tes, and Cot'-tes 

Co'-thon 

Co-tho'-ne-a 7 

Cot'-i-so 

Cot-to'-nis 

Cot'-ta 

Cot'-ti-ae Al'-pes 

Cot'-tus 

Cot-y-ae'-um 6 

Co-ty'-o-ra 

Cot-y-ls'-us 

Co-tyi'-i-us 

Co'-tys 

Co-tyt'-to 

Cra -gus 

Cram-bu'-sa 

Cran'-a-i 3 

Cran'-a-pes 

Cran'-a-us 

Cra'-ne 

Cra-ne'-um 

Cra'-ni-i 4 

Cra'-non, and # 

Cran'-non 
G:<ui'-tor 
Cra-as-sit'-i-us 10 
Cras'-sus 
Cras-ti'-nus 
Crat'-a-is 
Cra-tas'-us 
Cra'-ter 
Crat'-e-rus 20 
Cra'-tes 
Crat-es-i-cle' a 



CR 

Crat-e-sip'-o-lis 

Crat-e-sip'-pi-das 

Cra'-te-us 

Cra-te'-vaa 

Cra'-this 

Cra-ti--nus 

Cra-tip'-pus 

Crat-y-lus 6 

Crau'-si-a? 11 

Crau'-sis 

Cra-ux'-i-das 

Crem'-e-ra 

Crenr-ma 

Crem'-my-on, and 
Crom'-mj'-on 

Crem'-ni, and 
Crem'-nos 

Cre-mo'-na 

Crem'-i-des 

Cre-mu'-ti-us 10 

Cre'-on 

Cre-on-ti'-a-des 

Cre-oph'-i-lus 

Cre-pe'-ri-us 

Cres 

Cre'-sa, and Cres'-s 

Cre'-si-us 11 

Cres-phon'-tes 

Cres'-sas 

Cres'-si-us 11 

Cres'-ton 

Cre'-sus 

Cre'-tu 

Crete, Eng. 8 

Cre-tas -us 

Cre'-te 8 

Cre-te-a 7 

Cre -tes 

Cre-te'-us 

Cre'-the-is 

Cre'-the-us 

Creth -o-na 

Cret'-i-cus 

Cre-u'-sa 7 

Cre-u'-sis 

Cri'-a-sus 

Cri-nip'-pus 

Cri'-nis 

Cri-ni'-sus, and 

Cri-mi'-sus 
Cri -no 
Cri'-son 
Cri3-pi'-na 
Cris-pi'-nus 
Crit'-a-la 
Crith'-e-is 
Cri-tho'-te 
Crit'-i-as 10 
Cri'-to 

Crit-o-bu'-lus 
Crit-og-na'-tus 
Crit-o-la'-us 
Cri'-us 



cu 

I Cro-bi'-a-lus 

j Crob'-y-zi 3 

i Croc'-a-Ie 

j Cro'-ce-ae 

Croc-o-di-lop'-o lis 

Cro'-cus 

Croe'-sus 

Cro-i-tes 

Cro'-mi 3 

Crom'-my-on 

Crora'-na 

Cro'-nius 

Cro'-ni-a 7 

Cron'-i-des 

Cro'-ni-um 

Cro'-phi 3 

Cros-sse'-a 

Crot'-a-lus 

Cro'-ton 

Cro-to'-na 7 

Crot-o-ni'-a-tis 

Cro-to'-pi-as 

Cro-to'-pus 

Cru ; -nos 

Cru'-sis 

Cfus-tu-me'-ri 4 

Crus-tu-me'-ri-a 

Crus-tu-me'-ri-um 

Crus-tu-mi'-num 

Crus-tu'-mi-um 

Crus-tu'-nis, and 
Crus-tur-ne'-ni-us 

Cry'-nis 

Cte'-a-tus 

Ctem'-e-ne 13 

Cte'-nos 

Cte'-si-as 

Cte-sib'-i-us 

Ctes'-i-cles 

Cte-sil'-o-chus 

Ctes'-i-phon 13 

Cte-sip'-pus 

Ctim'-e-ne 

Cu'-la-ro 

Cu'-ma, and Cu'-mo3 

Cu-nax'-a 7 

Cu-pa'-vo 

Cu-pen'-tus 

Cu-pi'-do . 

Cu-pi-en'-ni-us 

Cu'-res 

Cu-ve'-tes 

Cu-re'-tis 

Cu'-ri-a 

Cu-ri-a'-ti-i 4 

Cu'-ri-o 

Cu-ri-o-sol'-i-t33 

Cu'-ri-um 

Cu'-ri-us Den-ta'-tus 

Cur'-ti-a 10 

Cur-til'-lus 

Cur'-ti-us 10 

Cu-ru'-lis 



CY 

!Cus-ss'-i 3 
Cu-til'-i-um 
I Cy-am-o-so'-rus 
|(>'-a-ne 6 8 
Cy-a'-ne-aj 4 
Cy-an'-e-e, and 
I Cy-a'-ne-a 
Cy-a'-ne-us 
Cy-a-nip'-pe 
Cy-a-nip'-pus 
Cy-a-rax'-es, or 
Cy-ax'-a-res 6 
Cy-be -be 
Cyb' e-la, and 

Cyb-e'-la 
Cyb'-e-le 
Cyb'-e-lus 
Cyb'-i-ra 
Cy-ce'-si-um 11 
Cych'-re-us 12 
Cyc'-k-des 
Cy-clo'-pes 
Cy'-clops, Eng. 
Cyc'-nus 
Cy'-da 6 
Cyd'-i-as 
Cy-dip'-pe 
Cyd'-nus 
Cy'-don 
Cy-do'-ni-a 
Cyd'-ra-ra 
Cyd-ro-la'-us 
Cyg'-nus 
Cyl'-a-bus 
Cyl'-i-ces 
Cy-lin'-dus 
Cyl-lab'-a-rus 
Cyl'-la-rus 
Cyl'-len 
Cyl-lo'-ne 
Cyl-le-ne'-i-us 
Cyl-lyr'-i-i 3 4 
Cy'-lon 

Cy'-ma, or Cy'-mae 
Cy-mod'-o-ce 
Cy-mod-o-ce'-a 
Cy-mod-o-ce'-as 
Cy'-me, and Cy'-mo 
Cym'-o-lus, and 

Ci mo'-lus 
*Cym-o-po-li'-a 
Cy-moth'-o-e 
Cyn'-a-ra 
Cyn-ae-gi'-rus 
Cy-nas'-thi-urn 
Cy-na'-ne 
Cy-na'-pes 
Cy-nax'-a 
Cyn'-e-as 
Cy-ne'-si-i 4, 

Cyn'-e-taB 
Cyn-e-thus'-sa 
Cyn'-i-a 



and 



CY 

Cyn'-i-ci 3 

Cy-nys'-ca 

Cy'-no 6 

Cyn-o-ceph'-a-Ie 

Cyn-o-ceph'-a-li 

Cyn-o-phon -tis 

Cy-nor'-tas 

Cy-nor'-ti-on 11 

Cy'-nos 

Cyn-o-sar'-ges 

Cyn-os-se'-ma 

Cyn-o-su-ra 

Cyn-o-sure, Eng 

Cyn'-thi-a 

Cyn'-thi-us 

Cyn'-thus 

Cyn-u-ren'-ses 

Cy'-nus 

Oyp-a-ris'-si, and 
Cyp-a-ris'-si-a 1' 

Cyp-a-ris'-sus 

Cyph'-a-ra 

Cyp-ri-a'-nus 

Cy'-prus 

Cyp-sel'-i-des 

Cyp'-se-lus 

Cy-rau'-nis 

Cy'-re 

Cy-re-na'-i-ca 

Cy-re-na'-i-ci 3 

Cy-re'-ne 8 

Cy-ri'-a-des 

Cy-ril'-lus 

Cyr'-il, Eng. 

Cy-ri'-nus 

Cyr'-ne 

Cyr'-nus 

Cyr-roe'-i 3 

Cyr'-rha-dse 

Cyr'-rlies 

Cyr'-rhus 

Cyr-ri-a'-na 7 

Cyr-si'-lus 

Cy'-rus 

Cy-rop'-o-lis 

Cy'-ta 

Cy-tae'-is 

Cy-the'-ra 

fCyth-e-rae'-a, or 

Cvth-e-re'-a 
JCyth'-e-ris 
Cy-the'-ri-us 
Cy-the'-ron 
Cy-the'-run 
Cyth'-e-rus 
Cyth'-nos 
Cy-tin'-e-um 
Cyt-is-so'-rus 
Cy-to'-rus 
Cyz-i-ce'-ni 
Cyz'-i-cum 
Cyz'-i-cus 



DA 

x)A'-iE, Da'-hai 
Da'-ci, and Da'-ca; 
Da'-ci-a 11 
Dac'-ty-li 3 4 
Dad'-i-cre 
Dsed'-a-la 
Dae-da'-li-on 
Daed'-a-lus 
Doe'-mon 
Da'-i 4 
Da'-i-cles 1 
Da'-i-dis 
Da-im' a-cbus 
Da-im'-e-nes 
Da'-i-phron 1 
Da-i'-ra 1 



DA 

Dal'-di-a 

Dal-ma'-ti-a 10 

Dal-ma'-ti-us 10 

Dam-a-ge'-tus 

Dam'-a-lis 

Da'-mas 1 

Dam-a-sce'-na 

Da-mas'-ci-us 10 

Da-raas'-cus 

Dam-a-sich'-thon 

Dam-a-sip'-pus 

Dam-a-sis'-tra-tus 

Dam-a-sith'-y-nus 

Da-mas'-tes 

Da'-mi-a 

Da-mip'-pus 



DA 

Da'-mis 

Dam -no-rix 

Da'-mo 

Dam'-o-cles 

Da-moc'-ra-tes 

Da-moc'-ri-ta 

Da-moc'-ri-tus 

Da'-rnon 

Dam-o-phan'-tus 

Da-moph'-i-Ja 

Da-moph'-i-lus 

Dam'-o-phon 

Da-mos'-tra-tus 

Da-mox'-e-nus 

Da-myr'-i-as 

Da'-na 7 



DA 

Dan'-a-e 
Dan'-a-i 3 
Da-na'-i-des 4 
Dan'-a-la 
Dan'-a-us 
Dan'-da-ri, and 
Dan-dar'-i-dae 
Dan'-don 
Da-nu'-bi-us 
Dan'-ube, Eng. 
Da'-o-chus 12 
Daph'-nae 
Daph-nae-us 
Daph'-ne 
Daph-ne-pho'-ri-a 
Daph'-nis 



DA 

Daph'-nus 

Dar'-a-ba 

Da'-raps 

Dar'-da-ni 3 

Dar-da'-ni-a 

Dar-dan'-i-des 

Dar'-da-nus 

Dar'-da-ris 

Da'-res 

Da-re'-tis 

Da-ri'-a 

Da-ri'-a-ves 

Da-ri'-tae 

Da-ri'-us 

Das'-con 

Das-cyJ-i'-tis 



* See Iphigema. — 

" Neptune, who shakes the earth, his daughter gave, 
" Cymopolia, to reward the brave." 

Cooke's Htsiod. Theog. v. 1132. 

t Cytherea.— 

" Behold a nymph arise, divinely fair, 
" Whom to Cythera first tho surges bear , 



" And Aphrodite, from the foam, her name, ) 
" Among the race of gods and men the same; > 
" And Cytherea from Cythera came." ) 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 299. 
X Cytheris. — 

" Mere poetry 

"Your Roman wits, your Gallus and Tibullus 
" Have taught you this from Cytheris and Delia." 
1074 Dryden, All for Love. 



CREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



DE 

Das'-cy-lus 

Da'-se-a 

Da'-si-us 11 

Dns-sar'-e-tae 

Das-sa-rc'-ni 

Das-sa-ri'-toB 

Das-sa-rit'-i-i 3 4 

Dat'-a-mes 

Dat-a-pher-nes 

Da'-tis 

Da'-tos, or Da -ion 

Dau'-lis 

Dau'-ni 3 

Dair-ni-a 

Dau'-nas 

Dau'-ri-fer, and 

Dau'-ri-ses 
Dav'-a-ra 7 
De-ceb'-a-lus 
De-ce'-le-um 
Dec'-e-lus 
De-cem'-vi-ri 4 
De-ce'-ti-a 10 
De-cid'-i-us Sax'-a 
De-cin'-e-us 
De'-ci-us 10 
De-cu'-ri-o 
Ded-i-tam'-e-nes 
De-ic'-o-on 
De-id-a-mi'-a 30 
De-i-le : -on 
De-il'-o-chus 12 
De-iro'-a-chus 
De-i'-o-chus 
De-i'-o-ne 
De-i-o'-ne-us 
De-i-o-pe'-i-a 
De-iph'-i-la 
De-iph'-o-he 
De-iph'-o-bus 
De'-i-phon 
De-i-phon'-tes 
De-ip'-y-le 6 7 
De-ip'-v-lus 
De-ip'-y-rus 
Dej-a-ni'-ra 
Dej'-o-ces 
De-jot'-a-rus 
Del'-don 
De'-Ii-a 
De-li'-a-des 
De'-li-um 
De'-li-us 
Del-ma'-ti-us 10 
Del-min'-i-um 
De'-lo3 
*Del'-phi 
Del'-phi-cus 
Del-phin'-i-a 
Del-phin'-i-um 
Del'-phus 
Del-phy'-ne 6 
Del'-ta 
Dem'-a-des 
De-msen'-e-tus 
De-mag'-o-ras 
Dem-a-ra'-ta 
Dem-a-ra'-tus 
De-mar'-chus 
Dem-a-re'-ta 
Dem-a-ri3'-te 



DI 

! De'-mo-a 
I De-mc'-tri-a 
jDe-me'-tri-as 

De-me'-tri-us 

De'-rho 

I Dem-o-a-nas'-8a 
I Dem-o-ce'-des 
j De-moch'-a-res 

Dem'-o-clcs 



De-moc'-o-on 

De-moc'-ra-tes 

De-moc'-ri-tus 

De-mod'-i-ce 4 8 

De-mod'-o-cus 

De-mo'-Ie-on 

De-mo'-le-us 

De'-mon 

Dem-o-nas'-sa 

De-mo'-nax 

Dem-o-ni'-ca 1 

Dem-o-ni'-cus 

Dem-o-phan'-tus 

De-moph'-i-Ius 

Dem-o-phon 

De-moph'-o-on 

De-mop'-o-lis 

De'-mos 

De-mos'-the-nes 18 

De-mos'-tra-tus 

Dem'-y-lus 

De-od'-a-tus 

De-o'-is 

Der'-bi-ces 

Der'-ce 

Der-cen'-nus 

Der'-ce-to, and 
Der'-ce-tis 

Der-cyl'-li-das 

Der-cyl'-lus 

Der'-cy-nus 

Der-sae'-i 3 

De-ru-si-ae'-i 3 

De-sud'-a-ba 

Deu-ca'-li-on 28 

Deu-ce'-ti-us 10 

Deu'-dc-rix 

Dex-am'-e-ne 

Dex-am'-e-nua 

Dex-ip'-pus 

Dex-ith'-e-a 

Dex'-i-us 

Di'-a 1 7 

Di-ac-o-pe'-na 

Di-ac-tor'-i-des 

Di-ae'-us 

Di-a-du-me-ni-a'-nus 

Di'-a-gon, Di'-a-gum 

Di-ag'-o-ras 

Di-a'-lis 

Di-al'-lus 

Di-a-mas-ti-go'-sis 

Di-a'-na 7 

Di-an'-a-sa 

Di-a'-si-a 11 

Di-caV-a 

Di-cae'-us 

Di'-ce 8 

Dic-e-ar'-chus 

Di-ce'-ne-us 

Dic'-o-mas 

Dic'-tee 



DI 

Dic-tam'-num, and 
Dic-tyn'-na 

Dic-ta'-tor 

Dic-tid-i-t>n'-ses 

Dic-tyn'-na 

Dic'-ty8 

Did'-i-us 

Di'-do 

Did'-y-ma 

Did-y-mae' U9 

Did-y-ma'-on 

Did'-y-me 6 8 

Did'-y-mum 

Did'-y-mus 

Di-en'-e-ces 

Di-es'-pi-ter 

Di-gen'-ti-a 10 

Dig'-ma 

Di'-i 3 4 

Di-mas'-sus 

T)i-nar-chus 12 

Di nol'-o-chus 

Din -i-di 4 

Din'-i-as 

Din'-i-che 12 

Di-noch'-a-res 

Di-noc'-ra-tes 

Di-nod'-o-chus 
Di-nom'-e-ries 
Di'-non 

Di-nos'-the-nes 
Di-nos'-tra-tus 
Di-o'-cle-a 
Di'-o-cles 
Di-o-cle-ti-a'-nua 
Di-o-cle'-ti-an, Eng. 
Di-o-do'-rus 
Di-o'-e-tas 
Di-og'-e-nes 
Di-o-ge'-ni-a 
Di-og'-e-nu* 
Di-og-ne'-tu3 
Di-o-me'-da 
j fDi-o-me'-des 
|Di-c-me'-don 
;Di'-on 3 
Di-o-nae'-a 
Di-o'-ne 
Di-o-nys'-i-a 11 
Di-o-ny-si'-a-des 
Di-o-nys'-i-as 11 
Di-o-nys'-i-des 
Di-o-nys-i-o-do'-rus 
Di-o-nys'-i-on 11 
Di-o-ny-sip'-o-lis 
Di-o-nys'-i-us 11 
Di-oph'-a-nes 
Di-o-phan'-tus 
Di-o-pi'-tes 
Di-o-poe'-nus 
Di-op'-o-lis 
Di-o'-res 
Di-o-ryc'-tus 
Di-o-scor'-i-des 
tDi-os'-co-rus 
§Di-o-scu'-ri 3 
Di-os'-pa-ge 
Di-os'-po-lis 
Di-o-ti'-me 1 8 
Di-o-ti'-mus 
Di-ot -re-phes 



DO 

Di-ox-ip'-pe 

Di-ox-ip'-pus 

Di-pie'-oe 

Diph'-i-las 

L)i|ili f -i-lus 

Di-phor'-i-das 

Di-poe -na 

Dip'-sas 

Di'-ree 

Dir'-ce 

Dir-cen'-nse 

Dir'-phi-a 

Dis-cor'-di-a 

Dith-v-rarn'-bus 

Dit'-a-ni 3 

Div-i-ti'-a-cus 

Di'-vus Fid'-i-ui 

Di-yl'-lus 

Do-be'-res 

Doc'-i-lis 

Doc'-i-mus 24 

Do'-cle-a 

Do-do'-na 

Dod-o-nos'-us 

Do-do'-ne 

Do-don '-i-des 

Do'-i-i 4 

Dol-a-bel'-la 

Dol-i-cha'-on 

Dol'-i-che 1 

Do'-li-us 

Dol-o-me'-na 

Do'-lon 

Do-lon'-ci 3 

Dol'-o-pes 

Do-lo'-phi-on 



12 



Do-lo'-pi-a 

j Do'-lops 

I Dom-i-du'-cus 

| Do-min'-i-ca 

JDo-mit-i-a 10 

Do-mit-i-a'-nus 

I Do-mit' -i-an, Eng. 

Dom-i-ti]'-la 

Do-mit'-i-us 10 

Do-na'-tus 

Don-i-la'-us 

Do-nu -ca 

Do-ny'-sa 

Do-rac -te 

Do'-res 

Dor'-i-ca 4 7 

Dor'-i-cus 

Do-ri-en'-sea 

Dor'-i-las 

Dor-i-la'-us 

Do'-ri-on 

Do'-ris 

Do-ris'-cus 

Do'-ri-um 

Do'-ri-us 

Do-ros -to-rum 

Dor-sen'-nns 

Dor'-so 

Do'-rus 

Dc-ry'-a-sus 6 
{ Do-ry'-clus 

Dor-y-te'-um, and 
I Dor-y-lee'-us 
Dor'-y-las 
i Dor-y-la'-us 



DY 

Do-rys'-sus 
Dos'-ci 3 
Do-si'-a-des 
Dos-se'-nus 
Dot'-a-das 
Do'-to 
Do'-tus 
Dox-an'-der 
Dra-ca'-nus 
Dra'-co 

Dra-con'-ti-de* 
Dra'-cus 
Dran'-ces 
Dran-gi-a'-na 7 
Dra'-pes 
Drep'-a-na, and 
Drep'-a-num 
Drim'-a-chus 
Dri-op'-i-dcs 
Dri'-os 
Dro'-i 3 
Dro-mffi'-us 
Drop'-i-ci 4 
Dro'-pi-on 
Dru-en'-ti-us, and 
Dru-en'-ti-a 10 
Dru'-ge-ri 3 
Dru'-i-dae 
Dru'-ids, Eng. 
Dru-sil'-la Liv'-i-a 
Dru'-so 
Dru'-sus 
Dry'-a-des 
Dry'-ads, Eng 
Dry-an-ti'-a-des 
Dry-an'-ti-des 
Dry-maV-a 
Dry'-mo 
Dry '-m us 
Dry'-o-pe 
Dry-o-pe'-i-a 5 
Dry'-o-pes 
Dry'-o-pis, and 
Dry-op'-i-da 
Dry'-ops 
Dryp'-e-tis 
Du-ce'-ti-us 10 
Du-il'-li-a 
Du-il'-li-ua Ne'-pog 
Du-lich'-i-um 
Dum'-no-rix 
Du-nax 
Du-ra'-ti-us 10 
Du'-ri-us 
Du-ro'-ni-a 
Du-um-'-vi-ri 4 
Dy-a-gon'-das 
Dy-ar-'den'-ses 
Dy'-mae 
Dy-mas'-i 3 
Dy'-mns 
Dym'-nus 
Dy-nam'-e-ne 
Dyn-sa'-te 
Dy'-ras 6 
Dy-raa'-pes 
Dyr-rach'-i-um 
Dy-sau'-les 
Dys-ci-ne'-tus 
Dy-so'-rum 
Dys-pon'-ti-i 4 



EB 

E'-A-NES 
E-a'-nus 
E-ar'-i-nus 
£-a'-si um 
Eb'-do-me 
E-bor'-a cum 
Eb-u-ro'-nes 
Eb'-u-sus 



EC 

j Ec-a-me'-da 
I Ec-bat'-a-na 

IEc-e-chir'-i-a 
Es-e-Jcir'-i-a 
E chec' ra-tes 
E kek'^ra-tes 
Ech e-da'-mi-a 30 
E-chel' a tus 



EC 

E-chel'-ta 
Ech'-e-lus 
E-chem'-bro-tus 
E-che'-mon 
Ech'-e-mus 
Ech-e-ne'-ua 
Ech -e-phron 
E-chep -o-lus 



EC 

j E-ches'-tra-tus 
j E-chev-e-then'-sft3 

E-chid'-na 
I Ech-i-do'-rus 
lE-chin'-a-des 

E-chi'-non 

E-chi'-nus 
1 Ech-i-nus'-sa 



ED 

| E-chi'-on 29 
| Ech-i-on'-i-des 

(I Ech-i-o'-ni-us 
Ech'-o 
E-des'-sa, E-de'-sa 
E-dis'-sa 
; E'-don 
l E-do'-ni 3 



* Delphi. — This word was, formerly, universally writ- 
ten Delphos ; till Mr. Cumberland, a gentleman no less 
remarkable for hi9 Classical erudition than his dramatick 
abilities, in his Widow j>f Dslphi, rescued it from the 
vulgarity in which it had been so long involved, 

t Diomedes. — All words ending in edes have the same 
accentuation ; as Archimedes, Diomedes, &c. The same 



may be observed of words ending in ides and ocles ; as 
Iphicles, Damocles, Androcles, &c. See the Tcrmint.- 
tional Vocabulary. 

X Dioscorus. — An heresiarch of the fifth century. 

§ Dioscuri.— The name given to Castor and Pollux, 
from the Greek Aids and KSpo;, pro Kbpos, the sons of 
Jove. 

1075 



(SREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



EM 

E-dyl'-i-us 

E-e'-ti-on 10 

E-gel'-i-das 

E-ge'-ri-a 

E-gcs-a-re'-tus 

Eg-e-si'-nu3 

E-ges'-ta 

Eg-na'-ti-a 10 

Eg-na'-ti-us 10 

E-i'-on 26 

E-i'-o-nes 

E-i-o'-ne-us 

E-jo'-ne-us 

El-a-bon'-tas 

E-fe'-a 

E-lae'-us 

El-a-ga-ba'-los, or 

El-a-gab'-a-lug 
El-a-i'-tes 
E-la'-i-us 
El-a-phi-ae'-a 
El'-a-phus 
El-a-phe-bo'-lira 
El-ap-to'-ni-us 
E-la'-ra 
El-a-te'-a 
E-la'-tus 
E-la'-ver 
E'-le-a 
E-le-a'-tes 
E-lec'-tra 
E-lec'-trae 
E-lec'-tri-des 
E-lec'-try-on 
E-le'-i 
El-e-le'-us 
E'-le-on 
El-e-on'-tum 
El-e-phan'-tis 
El-e-phan-toph'-a-gi 
El-e-phe'-nor 
El-e-po'-rus 
E'-le-us 
E-leu'-chi-a 
El-eu-sin'-i-a 22 
E-leu'-sis 
E-leu'-ther 
E-leu'-the-rae 
El-eu-the'-ri-a 
E-leu'-tho 

E-leu-ther-o-cil'-i-ces 
E-lic'-i-us 10 24 
El-i-en'-sis, and 

E-li'-a-ca 
El-i-me'-a 
E'-li? 

El-is-pha'-si-i 4 
E-lis'-sa 
E-lis'-sus 
El-lo'-pi-a 
E-lo'-rus 
E'-los 
El-pe'-nor 
El-pi-ni'-ce 
El-u-i'-na 
El'-y-ces 
El-y-ma'-is 
El'-y-mi 3 
El'-y-mus 
El'-y-rus 
E-lya'-i-um 
E-ma'-thi-a 
E-ma'-thi-on 
Em'-ba-tum 
Em-bo-li'-ma 
E-mer'-i-ta 
E-mes'-sa, and 

E-mis'-sa 
Em-me'-li-us 
E-mo'-da 



EP 

E-rao'-dus 

Em-ped'-o-cles 

Em-pe-ra'-mns 

Em-po'-clus 

Em-po'-ri-a 

Em-pu'-sa 

En-cel'-a-dus 

En-chel'-e-ae 12 

En'-de-is 

En-de'-ra 

En-dym'-i-on 

E-ne'-ti 

En-gy'-um 

En-i-en'-ses 

En-i-o'-pe-us 

E-nip'-e-us 

E-nis-pe 8 

En'-na 

En'-ni-a 

En'-ni-us 

En'-no-mus 

En-nos-i-gae'-us 

En'-o-pe 

E-nops 

E'-nos 

En-o-sich -thon 

E-not-o-coe'-tae 

En-tel'-la 

En-tel'-lus 

En-y-a'-Ii-ua 

E-ny'-o 6 

E'-o-ne 

E-os 

E-o'-us 

E-pa -gris 

E-pam-i-non'-das 

Ep-an-tel'-i-i 4 

E-paph-ro-di'-tus 

Ep'-a-phus 

Ep-as-nac'-tuB 

E-peb'-o-lus 

E-pe'-i 3 

E-pe'-u8 

Eph'-e-sus 

Eph'-e-tee 

Eph-i-al'-tes 

Eph'-o-ri 3 

Eph'-o-rus 

Eph'-y-ra 

Ep-i-cas'-te 

Ep-i-cer'-i-des 

Ep-i-cha'-i-des 

E-pich'-a-ris 

Ep-i-char'-mu8 

Ep'-i-cle3 

Ep-i-cli'-des 

E-pic'-ra-tes 

Ep-ic-te'-tus 

Ep-i-cu-rus 

E-pic'-y-des 24 

Ep-i-dam'-nns 

Ep-i-daph'-ne 

Ep-i-dau'-ri-a 

Ep-i-dau'-rus 

E-pid -i-us 

Ep-i-do'-t* 

E-pig'-e-nes 

E-pig'-e-us 

E-pig'-o-ni 3 

E-pig'-o-nus 

E-pi'-i, and E-pe'-i 

E-pil'-a-ris 

Ep-i-mel'-i-des 

E-pim'-e-nes 

Ep-i-men'-i-des 

Ep-i-me'-the-us 

Ep-i-me'-this 

E-pi'-o-chus 12 

E-pi'-o-ne 8 

E-piph'-a-nes 



ER 

Ep-i-pha'-ni-u8 

E-pi'-rus 

E-pis'-tro-phu8 

E-pit'-a-des 

E'-pi-um 

Ep'-o-na 

E-po'-pe-us 

Ep-o-red'-o-rix 

Ep'-u-lo 

E-pyt'-i-des 

Ep'-y-tus 

E-qua-jus'-ta 

E-quic'-o-lus 

E-quir'-i-a 

E-quo-ta'-ti-cum 

Er'-a-con 

E-rae'-a 

Er-a-si'-nus 

Er-a-sip'-pus 

Er-a-sis'-tra-tua 

Er'-a-to 

Er-a-tos'-the-nes 

Er-a-tos'-tra-tus 

E-ra'-tus 

Er-bes -6us 

Er'-e-bus 

E-rech'-the-ue 

E-rem'-ri 3 

E-re'-mus 

Er-e-ne'-a 

E-res'-sa 

E-rech'-thi-dea 

E-re'-sus 

E-re'-tri-a 

E-re'-tum 

Er-eu-tha'-li-on 29 

Er'-ga-no 

Er-geri'-na 

Er'-gi-as 

Er-gi'-nus 

Er-gin'-nus. 

Er-i-boe'-a 

E-rib'-o-tes 

Er-i-ce'-tes 

E-rich' thp 

Er-ich-tho'-ni-us 

Er-i-cin'-i-um 

Er-i-cu'-sa 

*E-rid'-a-nus 

E-rig'-o-ne 

E-rig'-o-nus 

Er-i-gy'-us 

E-ril'-lus 

E-rin'-des 

E-rin'-na 

E-rin'-nys 

E-ri'-o-pis 

E-nph'-a-nis 

E-riph'-i-das 

Er-i-phy'-le 

E'-ris 

Er-i-sich'-thon 

Er'-i-thus 

E-rix'-o 

E-ro'-chus 

E-ro'-pus, and 

^Er'-o-pas 
E'-ros 

E-ros'-tra-tus 
E-ro'-ti-a 10 
Er-ru'-ca 
Er'-se 
Er'-xi-as 
Er'-y-mas 
E-ryb'-i-um 
Er-y-ci'-na 
Er-y-man'-this 
Er-y-man'-thus 
E-rym'-naB 
E-rym'-ne-us 



EU 

Er'-y-mus 
fEr-y-the'-a 
Er-y-thi'-ni 4 
Er'-y-thra 
Er'-y-thrae 
E-ryth'-ri-on 
E-ryth'-ros 
E'-ryx 
E-ryx'-o 
E-ser'-nus 
Es-quil'-i-ae, and 
Es-qui-li'-nus 
Es-sed'-o-nes 
Es'-su-i 3 
Es'-u-la 
Es-ti-ai'-a 7 
Et-e-ar'-chus 
E-te'-o-cles 
E-te'-o-dus 
Et-e-o-cre'-tHB 
E-te'-o-nes 
E-te-o'-ne-us 
Et-e-o-ni'-cua 30 
E-te'-si-ae 11 
E-tha'-li-on 29 
E-the'-)e-um 
Eth'-o-da 
E-the'-mon 
E'-ti-as 10 
E'-tis 
E-tru'-ri-a 
Et'-y-lus 
Eu'-ba-ges 
Eu-ba'-tas 
Eu'-bi-us 
Eu-bce'-a 7 
Eu-bo'-i-cus 
En'-bo-te 
Eu'-bo-tes . 
Eu-bu'-le 8 
Eu-bu'-li-des 
Eu-bu'-lus 
Eu-ce'-rus 
Eu-ehe'-nor 
Eu'-chi-des 
Eu-cli'-des 
Eu'-clid, Eng. 
Eu'-clus 
Eu'-cra-te 
Eu'-cra-tes 
Eu'-cri-tus 
Euc-te'-mon 
Euc-tre'-si-i 4 
Eu-dae'-mon 
Eu-dam'-i-daa 
Eu'-da-mu3 
Eu-de'-mus 
Eu-do'-ci-a 
Eu-doc'-i-mus 
Eu-do'-ra 
Eu-do'-rus 
Eu-dox'-i-a 
Eu-dox'-us 
Eu-e-mer'-i-das 
Eu-ga'-ne-i 3 
Eu-ge'-ni-a 20 
Eu-ge'-ni-ua 
Eu'-ge-on 
Eu-hem'-e-rus 
Eu'-hy-drum 
Eu'-hy-ua 
Eu-lim'-e-ne 
Eu-ma'-chi-us 12 
Eu-mae'-ua 
Eu-mo'-des 
Eu-me'-lia 
Eu-me'-lua 
Eu'-me-lus (King) 
JEu'-me-nes 
Eu-me'-ni-a 



EU 

Eu-men'-i-des 

Eu-me-nid'-i-a 

Eu-me'-ni-us 

Eu-mol'-pe 

Eu-mol'-pi-daa 

Eu-mol'-pus 

En-mon'-i-des 

Eu-nae'-us 

Eu-na'-pi-us 

I Eu-no'-mi-a 

i Eu'-no-mus 

| Eu'-nus 

; Eu'-ny-raos 
Eu'-o-ras 

I Eu-pa'-gi-um 
Eu-pal'-a-mon 
Eu-pal'-a-mus 
Eu'-pa-tor 
Eu-pa-to'-ri-a 
Eu-pei'-thes 
Eu'-pha-es 
Eu-phan'-tus 
Eu-phe'-me 
Eu-phe'-mus 
Eu-phor'-bus 
Eu-pho'-ri-on 
Eu-phra'-nor 
Eu-phra'-tea 
Eu'-phron 
Eu-phros'-y-ne 
Eu-plae'-a, or 

Eu-plo3'-a 
Eu'-po-lis 
Eu-pom'-pus 
Eu-ri-a-nas'-sa 
Eu-rip'-l-des 
Eu-ri'-pus 
Eu-ro'-mus 
Eu-ro'-pa 7 
Eu-ro-paj'-us 
Eu'-rops 
Eu-ro-pus 
Eu-ro'-tas 
Eu-ro'-to 
Eu'-rns 
Eu-ry'-a-le 8 
Eu-ry'-a-lus 
Eu-ryb'-a-tea 
Eu-ryb'-i-a 
Eu-ry-bi'-a-des 
Eu-ryb-i-ua 
Eu-ry-cle'-a 
Eu'-ry-cles 
Eu-ry-cli' dea 
Eu-ryc'-ra-te8 
Eu-ry-crat'-i-das 
Eu-ryd'-a-mas 
Eu-ryd'-a-me 
Eu-ry-dam'-i-das 
Eu-ryd'-i-ce 
Eu-ry-ga'-ni-a 
Eu-ry'-le-on 
Eu-ryl'-o-chua 
Eu-rym'-a-chus 
Eu-rym'-e-de 
Eu-rym'-e-don 
Eu-rym'-e-nes 
Eu-ryn'-o-me 
Eu-ryn'-o-mus 
Eu-ry'-o-ne 
Eu ; -ry-pon 
Eu-ryp'-y-le 
Eu-ryp'-y-lus 
Eu-rys'-the-nes 
Eu-rys-then'-i-da» 
Eu-rys'-the-us 
Eu'-ry-te 
Eu-ryt'-e-ae 
Eu-ryt'-e-lb 
Eu-ryth'-e-mia 



* Eridanus. — 

11 Alpheus and Eridanus the strong, 

" That rises deep, and stately rolls along." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 520. 

f Erythea.— 
"Chrysaor, Love the guide, Calliroe led, 
" Daughter of Ocean, to the genial bed, 
" Whence Geryon sprung, fierce with his triple head; 
" Whom Hercules laid breathless on the ground 
" In Erythea, which the waves surround." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 523. 



% Eumenes. — It is not a little surprising that so elegant 
a writer as Hughes should, throughout the whole tragedy 
of the Siege of Damasctis, accent this word on the penul- 
timate syllable; especially as there is not a single proper 
name, of more than two syllables, in the Greek or Latin 
languages, of this termination, which has the penultimate 
syllable long. — Lee has done the same in the tragedy of 
Alexander, which would lead us to suppose there is some- 
thing naturally repugnant to an English ear in the ante- 
penultimate accentuation of these words, and something 
agreeable in the penultimate. 

1076 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



EU 

Eu-ryth'-i-on, and 
Eu-ryt -i-on 11 
Eu'-ry-tis 
Eu'-ry-tus 
Eu-se'-bi-a 
Eu-se-bi-us 
Eu'-se-pus 
Eu-stii -thi-us 
Eu-sto-li-a 
Eu-sto-li-us 
Eu-taj-a 7 



EU 

Eu-tel -i-das 

Eu-ter -pe 

*Eu-tha-li-a 

Eu-tba -li-us 

Eu-thyc -ra-tea 

Eu-thy-de-mus 

Eu-thy'-mus 

Eu-trap'-e-lus 

Eu-tro-pi-a 

Eu-tro'-pi-us 

Eu'-ty-ches 



EV 

I Eu-tych'-i-de 

Eu-tych'-i-des 

Eu'-ty-phron 
|Eu-xan'-thi-us 

Eux'-e-nus 

Eu-xi'-nus Pon' tus 

Eu-xip'-pe 

E-vad'-ne 

Ev'-a-ges 

E-vag'-o-ras 

E-vag'-o-re 



EV 

E'-van 
E-van'-der 
E-van'-ge-lus 
Ev-an-gor'-i-de» 

j E-van'-thes 

I E-var'-chus 

I E'-vas 
E'-vax 

|E-vel'-thon 

I E-v9m'-e-rus 

JE-ve'-nus 



EX 

Ev-e-phe'-nus 

Ev'-e-res 

E-ver'-ge-t«B 

E-ver'-ge-tes 

E-vip'-pe 8 

E-vip'-pus 

Ex-a'-di-us 

Ex-s'-thes 

Ex-ag'-o-nus 

Ex-om'-a-trae 



FA 

FAB'-A-RIS 

Fa -bi-a 7 
Fa-bi-a'-ni 3 
Fa-bi-i 4 
Fa'-bi-us 
Fab-ra-te'-ri-a 
Fa-bric'-i-us 24 
Fa-bul'-la 
Fa'-dus 

Fffis'-U-lfE 

Fal-cid'-i-a 

Fa-le-ri-i 4 

Fa]-e-ri'-na 

Fa-lcr-nus 

Fa-lis -ci 3 

Fa-lis-cus 

Fa'-ma 

Fan'-ni-a 

Fan'-ni-i 4 

Fan -ni-us 

Far-fa-rus 

Fas'-ce-lis 

Fas-cel'-li-na 



FE 

Fau-cu'-i-a 

Fau'-la 

Fau'-na 

Fau-na'-Ii-a 

Fau'-ni 3 

Fau'-nus 

Fau'-sta 

Fau-sti'-na 3 

Fau'-sti-tas 

Fau'-stu-lus 

Fau -tus 

Fa-ven'-ti-a 10 

Fa-ve'-ri-a 

Fa'-vo 

Feb'-ru-a 

Fec-i-a'-les 

Fel'-gi-nas 

Fen-es-tel'-la 

Fe-ra'-li-a 

Fer-en-ta-num, and 

Fe-ren'-tum 
Fe-re' tri-us 
Fe-ro'-ni-a 



FL 

Fes-cen'-ni-a 
Fe3'-tus 
Fi-bre'-nus 
Fi-cul'-ne-a 
Fi-de-na 
Fi-de'-nse 
Fi-den'-ti-a 
Fi'-des 
Fi-dic'-u-lae 
Fim'-bri-a 
Fir'-mi-us 
Fis-cel'-lus 
Fla-cel'-li-a 
Flac'-cus 
Fla-cil'-la JE'-li-s. 
Fla-min'-i-a 
Fla-min'-i-us, or 
Flam-i-ni'-nus 
Fla'-vi-a 
Fla-vi-a'-num 
Fla-vin'-i-a 
Fla-vi-ob'-ri-ga 
j Fla'-vi-us 



FR 

Flo'-ra 
Flo-ra'-li-a 
Flo'-rus 
Flo-ri-a'-nus 
Flu-o'-ni-a 
Fo'-li-a 
Fon-te'-i-a 5 
Fon-te'-i-us Cap'-i-to 
For'-mi-ae 
For-mi-a'-num 
For'-nax 
For-tu'-na 
For'-u-li 
Fo'-rum Ap'-pi-i 
Fran'-ci 3 
Fre-gel'-la 7 
Fre-ge'-nse 
Fren-ta'-ni 3 
Frig'-i-dus 
Fris'-i-i 4 
I Fron'-ti-nus 
i Fron'-to 
I Fru'-si-no 



FU 

Fu-ci'-na 

Fu-ci'-nus 

Fu-fid'-i-us 

Fu'-n-us Gem'-i v 

Ful-gi-na'-tcs 

Ful-gi'-nus 

Ful'-li-num, and 

Ful'-gi-num 
Ful -vi-a 
Ful'-vi-us 
Fun-da'-nus 
Fun'-di 3 
Fu'-ri-a 
Fu'-ri-«B 
Fu'-ri-i 4 
Fu-ri'-na 
Fu-ri'-nae 
Fu'-ri-us 
Fur'-ni-us 
Fus'-cus 
Fu-si-a 11 
Fu'-si-us 10 



GA 

GAB'-A-LES 

Gab'-a-za 
Ga-be'-ne, and 

Ga-bi-e'-ne 
Ga-bi-e'-nus 
Ga'-bi-i 4 
Ga-bi'-na 
Ga-frn'-i-a 
Ga-liin-i-a'-nua 20 
Ga-bin'-i-us 
Ga'-des, and 

Gad'-i-ra 
Gad-i-ta'-nus 
Gae-sa'-tae 
Gas-tu'-li-a 
Gavtu'-li-cus 
Ga-la'-bri-i 4 
Gal-ac-toph'-a-gi 3 
Ga-lie'-sus 
Ga-lan'-this 
Gal-a-ta 7 
Gal'-a-tae 
Gal-a-tae'-a, and 

Gal-a-thae'-a 
Ga-la'-ti-a 10 
Ga-lax'-i-a 
Gal'-ba 
Ga-le'-nus 
Ga-le'-o-lae 
Ga-le'-ri-a 
Ga-le'-ri-us 
Ga-le'-sus 
Gal-i-lae'-a 
Ga-lin-thi-a'-di-a 
Gal'-li 3 
Gal'-li-a 
Gal-li-ca'-nus 
Gal-li-e'-nug 
Gal-li-na'-ri-a 
Gal-Iip'-o-lis 



GE 

Gal-Io-grae'-ci-a 

Gal-lo'-ni-us 

Gal'-lus 

Ga-max'-ua 

Ga-me'-li-a 

Gan-da-ri'-tae 

Gan'-ga-ma 

Gan-gar'-i-dae 

Gan'-ges 

Gan-nas'-cua 

Gan-y-me'-de 

Gan-y-me'-des 

Oan'-y-mede, Eng. 

Ga-rae'-i-cum 

Gar-a-man'-tes 

Gar-a-man'-tis 

Gar'-a-mas 

Gar'-a-tas 

Ga-re'-a-tae 

Ga-re-ath'-y-ra 

fGar-ga'-nus 

Gar-ga'-phi-a 

Gar'-ga-ra 7 

Gar'-ga-ris 

Ga-ril'-i-us 

Gar-git'-ti-us 

Ga-ri'-tes 

Ga-rum'-na 

Gas'-tron 

Gath'-e-ae 4 

Ga-the'-a-taa 

Gau'-lus, Gau'-le-on 

Gau'-rus 

Ga'-us, Ga'-os 

Ge-ben'-na 9 

Ge-dro'-si-a 11 

Ge-ga'-ni-i 4 

Ge'-la 

Ge-la'-nor 

Gel'-H-a 



GE 

Gel -li-aa 

Gel-li-us 

Ge -lo, Ge'-lon 

Ge'-lo-i 3 

Ge-lo'-nes, Ge-lo'-ni 

Ge'-lo S 

Ge-min'-i-us 

Gem'-i-nus 

Ge-na'-bum 

Ge-nau'-ni 

Ge-ne'-na 

Ge-ni'-sua 

Ge'-ni-us 

Gen'-se-ric 

Gen'-ti-us 10 

Gen'-u-a 

Ge-nu'-ci-us 10 

Ge-nu'-sus 

Ge-nu'-ti-a 11 

Gc-or'-gi-ca 

Oeor'-gicks, Eng. 

Ge-phy'-ra 

Ge-phyr'-ae-i 3 

Ge-ra'-ni-a 

Ge-ran'-thrae 

Ge-res'-ti-cas 

Ger'-gi-thum 9 

Ger-so'-bi-a 

Ge'-ri-on 

Ger-ina'-ni-a 

Ger-man'-i-cua 

Ger-ma'-ni-i 4 

Ge-ron'-thrae 

Ger'-rhte 

Ge'-rus, and 

Ger'-rhus 
Ge'-ry-on 9, and 

Ge-ry'-o-nea 
Ges'-sa-tae 
Ges'-sus 



GO 

Ge'-ta 9 

Ge'-tae 

Ge-tu'-li-a 

Gi-gan'-tes 

Gi-gar'-tum 

Gi'-gis 

Gil'-do 

Gil'-lo 

Gin-da'-nes 

Gin'-de3 

Gin'-ge 

Gin-gu'-num 

Gip'-pi-us 

Gis'-co 

Gla-di-a-to'-ri-i 4 

Gla'-nis 

Glaph'-y-re, and 

Glaph'-y-ra 
Glaph'-y-rus 
Glau'-ce 
Glau-cip'-pe 
Glau-cip'-pug 
Glau'-con 
Glau-con'-o-me 
Glau-co'-pis 
Glau'-cu8 
Glau'-ti-aa 
Gli'-con 
Glis'-saa 
Glyc'-e-ra 
Gly-ce'-ri-um 
Gly'-con 
Glym'-pes 
Gna'-ti-a 13 10 
Gni'-du3 
Gnog'-gi-a 10 
Gnog'-9is 
Gnos'-sus 
Gob-a-nit'-i-o 10 
Go'-bar 



GR 

Gob'-a-res 

Gob'-ry-as 

Gol'-gi 

Gom'-phi 

Go-na'-taa 

Go-ni'-a-dea 

Go-nip'-pus 

Go-nces'-sa 

Go-nug'-sa 

Gor-di-a'-nu» 

Gor'-di-um 

Gor'-di-us 

Gor-ga'-sus 

Gor'-ge 8 

Gor'-gi-as 

Gor'-go 

Gor'-go-nes 

Gor-go'-ni-a 

Gor-go'-ni-us 

Gor-goph'-o-ne 

Gor-goph'-o-ra 

Gor'-gug 

Gor-gyth'-i-on 

Gor'-tu-ae 

Gor'-tyn 

Gor-ty'-na 

Gor-tyn'-i-a 

Gor'-tya 

Got'-thi 3 

Grac'-chug 12 

Gra-di'-vus 

Grae'-ci 3 

Grae'-ci-a 11 

Grae'-ci-a Mag'-na 

Grae-ci'-nug 

Grae'-cus 

Gra'-i-ua 

JGra-ni'-cus, or 

Gran'-i-cus 
Gra'-ni-us 



* Euthalia. — Labbe observes, that this word does not 
come from the muse Thalia, as some suppose, but from 
the masculine Euthalius, as Eulatia,Eumenia, Eustolia, 
Eutropia, Emmelia, &c, which are professedly accented 
on the antepenultimate.— -See Rule 29. 
f Oarganns. — 
" And high Oarganus, on the Apulian plain, 
"Is mark'd by Bailors from the distant main." 

Wilhie, Epigoniad. 



X Qranicus. — As Alexander's passing the river Qrani- 
cus is a common subject of history, poetry, and painting, 
it is not wonderful that the common ear should have 
given into a pronunciation of this word more agreeable 
to English analogy than the true classical accent on the 
penultimate syllable. The accent on the first syllable ia 
now so fixed as to make the other pronunciation savour 
of pedantry. — See Androwicos. 

1077 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



GR 

Ora'-ti-s 10 
Gra-ti-a'-nua 21 
Gra-tid'-i-a 
Gra'-ti-on 11 
Gra'-ti-us 10 
Gra'-vi-i 4 
Gra-vis'-cae 



GR 

Gra'-vi-us 

Gre-go'-ri-us 

Grin'-nes 

Gro'-phua 

Gryl'-Ius 

Gry-ne'-um 

Gry-ne'-us 



GY 

Gry-ni'-um 
Gy'-a-rua, and 

Gy'-a-ros 
Gy'-as 
Gy-gae'-us 
Gy'-ge 
Gy'-ges 9 



GY 

Gy'-e9 
Gy-lip'-pus 
Gym-na'-si-a 11 
Gym-na'-si-am 11 
Gym-ne'-ai-ae 11 
Gym'-ne-tes 
Gym-nos-o-phis'-tae 



GY 

Jim-nos'-o phists, 

Eng. 9 
Gy-nae -co-aa 
Gyn-avco-thce'-naa 
Gyn'-dea 
Gy-the'-um 



HA 

HA'-BIS 

Ha-dri-a-nop'-o-lis 

Ha-dri-a'-nus 23 

Ha-dri-at'-i-cum 

Hae'-mon 

Ha3-mo'-ni-a 

Hae'-mua 

Ha'-gea 

Hag'-no 

Hag-nag-o-ra 

Ha-lae'-sus, and 

Ha-le'-aua 
Hal'-a-la 
HaKcy'-o-ne 8 
Ha'-lea 

Ha-le'-si-us 11 
Ha-li-% 

Ha-li-ac'-mon 21 
Ha-li-ar-tus 21 
Hal-i-car-nas'-sua 
Ha-lic'-y-ae 11 24 
Ha-li'-e-ia 
Ha-lim'-e-de 
Hal-ir-rho'-ti-us 10 
Hal-i-ther'-sus 
HaMi-ua 20 
Hal-i-zo'-nes 21 
Hal'-mus 
Ral-my-des'-sua 
Ha-loc'-ra-tea 
Ha-lo'-ne 
Hai-on-ne'-sus 
Ha-lo'-ti-a 10 
Ha-lo^tus 
Ha'-lus 
Hal-y-a?'-tus 
Hal-y-at'-tes 
Ha'-lya 
Ha-lyz'-i-a 11 
Ham-a-dry'-a-des 
Ha-max'-i-a 
Ha-mil'-car 
Ham'-mon 
Han'-ni-bal 
Har'-ca-lo 
Har-ma-te'-li-a 
Har'-ma-tria 
Ha-mil'-lu3 
Har-mo'-di ua 
Har-mo'-ni-a 
Har-mon'-i-dea 
Har'-pa-gua 
Har-pal'-i-ce 
Har-pa'-li-on 
Har'-pa-lua 
Har-pal'-y-ce 8 
Har-pal'-y-cua 
Har'-pa-aa 
Har*-pa-aus 
Har-poc'-ra-tes 
Har-py'-i-ae 4 
Har'-pies, Eng. 
Ha-ru'-spex 
Has'-dru-bal 
Ha-te'-ri-us 
Hau'-sta-nos 
Heb'-do-le 



HE 

He'-be 8 

He-be'-sus 

He'-brua 

Hec'-a-le 

Hec-a-le'-si-a 

Hec-a-me'-de 

Hec-a-tae'-ua 

Hec'-a-te, 8, or 

Hec'-ate, Eng. 
Hec-a-te'-si-a 11 
Hec-a-tom-ho'-i-a 
Hec-a-tom-pho'-ni-a 
Hec-a-tom'-po-lis 
Hec-a-toin'-py-Ioa 
Hec'-tor 
Hec'-u-ba 
Hed -i-la 
He-don'-a-cum 
Hed'-u-i 3 
He-dym'-e-les 
He-gel'-o-chus 
*He-ge'-mon 
Heg-e-si'-nua 
Heg-e-si'-a-nax 
He-ge'-si-as 
Heg-e-sil'-o-chua 
Heg-e-sin'-o-ua 
Heg-e-aip'-pu3 
Heg-e-sip'-y-Ie 
Heg-e-sia'-tra-tus 
Heg-e-tor'-i-des 
He)'-e-na 7 
He-le'-ni-a 
He-le'-nor 
Ilel'-e-nua 
He-ler'-ni Lu'-caa 
He-li'-a-dea 
He-li-as'-tEB 
Hel-i-ca'-on 
Hel'-i-ce 
Hel'-i-con 
Hel-i-co-ni'-a-dea 
Hel-i-co'-nia 
He-li-o-do'-rua 21 
fHe-li-o-gab'-a-lu3(a) 
He-li-op'-o-Iis 
He-lis'-aon 
He'-li-us 
He-lix'-us 
Hel-lan'-i-ce 
Hel-lan'-i-cus 
Hel-la-noc'-ra-tes 
Hel'-las 
Hel'-le 8 
Hcl'-len 
Hcl-le'-nea 
Hel-le-spon'-tua 
Hel-lo'-pi-a . 

Hel-lo'-ti-a 10 N 
He-lo'-ris 
He-lo'-rum, and 

He-lo'-rus 
He'-lo S 
He-lo'-tae, and 

He-lo'-tes 
He'-lum 
Hel-ve'-ti-a 10 



HE 

Hel-ve'-ti-i 4 

Hel'-vi-a 

Hel'-vi-i 4 

Hel-vi'-na 

Hel'-vi-ua Cin'-na 

Hel'-y-mua 

He-ma'-thi-on 

Ho-mith'-e-a 

He mon 

He'-mua 

Hen'-e *i 3 

He-ni'-o-chi 3 

He-phaes'-ti-a 

He-phaes'-ti-i 4 

He-phaes'-ti-o 

He-phaes'-ti-on 11 

Hep-ta-pho'-nos 

Hep-tap'-o-lia 

Hep-tap'-y-loa 

He'-ra 7 

Her-a-cle'-a 

Her-a-cle'-i-a 

He-rac'-le-um 

He-rac-le-o'-tea 

Her-a-cli'-dae 

Her-a-cli'-des 

Her-a-cli'-dia 

IHer-a-cli'-tus 

He-rac'-li-us 

He-rae'-a 

He-iae'-um 

Her-bes'-sua 

Her-ce'-i-us 

Her-cu-la'-ne-um 

Her'-cu-les 

Her-cu'-le-um 

Her-cu'-le-ua 

Her-cy'-na 

Her-cyn'-i-a 

Her-do'-ni-a 

Her-do'-ni-us 

He-ren'-ni-us Se-ne'- 

ci-o 
Hc'-rc-us 
He-ril'-lus 
Her'-i-lus 
Her'-ma-chua 
Hor'-mse 
Her-mac'-a 
Her-ma;'-um 
Her-mag'-o-ras 
Her-man-du'-ri 
Her-man'-ni 
Her-maph-ro-di'-tus 
Her-ma-the'-na 
Her-me'-as 
Pler-me'-i-aa 
Her'-mes 
Her-me-si'-a-nax 
Her-mi'-as 
Her-min'-i-us 
Her-mi'-o-ne 
Her-mi-o'-ni-ae 
Her-mi-on'-i-cua Si'- 

nus 
Her-mip'-pus 
Her-moc'-ra-tes 



HI 

Her-mo-do'-rus 

Her-mog'-e-nea 

Hcr-mo-la'-ua 

Her-mo-ti'-mus 

Her-mun-du'-ri 

Her'-mua 

Her'-ni-ci 4 

He'-ro 

He-ro'-des 

He-ro-di-a'-nus 21 

He-rod '-i-cus 

Fle-rod'-K)-tns 

Her'-o-ea 

He-ro'-is 

He'-ron 

He-roph'-i-la 

He-roph'-i-lus 

He-ros'-tra-tua 

Her'-pa 

Her'-se 

Her-sil -i-a 

Her'-tha, and 

Her'-ta 
Iler'-u-li 
He-aao'-nua 
He-si'-o-dua 
He'-ihc-od, Eng. 10 
He-si'-o-ne 
Hes-pe'-ri-a 
Hea-per'-i-de8 
Hes'-pe-ris 
Hes-per'-i-tis 
Hes'-pe-rus 
Hes'-ti-a 
Hes-ti-aB'-a 7 
He'-aus 
He-sych'-i-a 
Hc-sych'-i-us 
He-tric'-u-lum 
He-tru'-ri-a 
Heu-rip'-pa 
Hex-ap'-y-lum 
Hi-ber'-ni-a, and 

Hy-ber'-ni-a 
Hi-Wril'-dea 
Hic-e-ta'-on 24 
His-e-ta'-on 
Hi-ce'-tas 
Hi-emp'-sal 
Hi'-e-ra 
Hi-o-rap'-o-lis 
Hi'-e-rax 
Hi'-e-ro 
Hi-e-ro-ce'-pi-a 
Hi-er'-o-cles 
Hi-e-ro-du'-lum 
H i-er-om'-ne-mon 
Hi-e-ro-ne'-sos 
Hi-e-ron'-i-ca 30 
Hi-e-ron'-i-cus 
Hi-e-ron'-y-inus 
Hi-e-roph'-i-lus 
Hi-e-ro-aol'-y-ma 
Hig-na'-ti-a Vi'-a 
Hi-la'-ri-a 
Hi-la'-ri-ua 
Hi-mel'-la 



HI 

Him'-e-ra 

Hi-mil'-co 

Hip-pag'-o-raa 

Hip-pal'-ci-mus 

Hip'-pa-lus 

Hip-par'-chi-a 12 

Hip-par'-chus 

Hip-pa-ri'-nus 

Hip-pa'-ri-on 

Hi[)'-pa-au8 

Hip'-pe-us 

Hip'-pi 3 

Hip'-pi-a 

Hip'-pi-aa 

Hip'-pia 

Hip'-pi-ua 

Hip'-po 

Hip-pob'-o-tea 

Hip-pob'-o-tus 

H i p-po-ce n-t au '-ri 

Hip-poc'-o-on 

Hip-po-cor-ys'-tes 

Hip-poc'-ra-tes 

Hip-po-cra'-ti-a 11 

$Hip-po-cre'-ne 7 

iiip-pod'-a-mas 

Hip-pod'-a-me 

Hip-po-da-mi'-a 30 

Hip-pod'-a-mua 

Hip-pod'-i-ce 

Hip-pod'-ro-mua 

Hip'-po-la 

Hip-pol'-o-chu3 

Hip-pol'-y-te 8 

Hip-pol'-y-tus 

Hip-pom'-a-chus 

Hip-pom'-e-don 

Hip-pom'-e-ne 

Hip-pom'-e-nes 

Hip-po-mol'-gi 

Hip'-poti, and Hip-po 

Hip-po'-na 

Hip'-po-nax 

Hip-po-ni'-a-tes 

Hip-po'-ni-um 

Hip-pon'-o-ua 

Hip-pop'-o-des 

Hip-poa'-tra-tua 

Hip-pot'-a-dea 

Hip'-po-taa, or 

Hip'-po-tes 
Hip-potJi'-o-e 
Hip-poth'-o-on 
Hip-potb-o-on'-tia 
Hip-poth'-o-us 
Hip-po'-ti-on 11 
Hip-pu'-ris 
Hip'-pus 
Hip'-si-dos 
Hi'-ra 

Hir-pi'-ni 4 
Hir-pi'-nu3, Q.. 
Hir'-ti-a 10 
Hir'-ti-ua Au'-lug 
Hir'-tus 
His'-bon 
His-pa'-ni-a 



* Hegemon.— Gouldman and Holyoke accent this word 
on the antepenultimate syllable, but Labbeand Lempriere, 
more classically, on the penultimate. 

t Heliognbalus. — This word ia accented on the penul- 
timate syllable by Labbe and Lempriere; but, in my 
opinion, mote agreeably to the general ear, by Ainaworth, 
Gouldman, and'Holyoke, on the antepenultimate. 

% Heraclitus.— n -ia name of the weeping philoaopher 
is so frequently contrasted with that of Democritus, the 
laughing philoaopher hat we are apt to pronounce both 
■with the aame accent ; hut all our proaodiats are uniform 
in giving the antepenultimate accent to the latter, and 
the penultimate to the former word. 



§ Hippocrene.— Nothing can be better established than 
the pronunciation of this word in four syllahlea, according 
to its original; and yet, audi iathe license of English po- 
ets, that they not unfrequently contract it to three. Thus 
Cooke, Hesiod, Theog. v. 9. 

" And now to Hippocrene resort the fair ; 

" Or, Olmius, to thy sacred spring repair." 
And a late tranalator of the Satires of Perseus: 



" Never did I so much aa sip, 
" Or wet with Hippocrene a lip." 



This contraction is inexcusable, a3 it tends to embarrass 
pronunciation, and lower the language of poetry. 
1078 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



HO 

His-pel'-lum 

His'-po 

His-pul'-la 

His-tas'-pes 

His'-ter Pa-cu-vi-i 

Ilis-ti-n'-a 

His-tia''-o-tis 

His-ti-ffi'-us 

His'-tri-a 

Ho'-di-us 

Ilol'-o-cron 

Ilo me'-rus 

Ho'-mtr. Eng. 

Hom-o-le 

Jlo-mo'-le-a 

]Ioin-o-lip'-pus 

llom-o-lo'-i-des 

1 lo-mon-a-den'-ses 

Ho-no'-ri-us 

Ilo'-ra 

Ho-rac'-i-tae 24 

Ilo'-ra; 

l'or-a-po"-lo 

IIo-ra'-ti-rJ% 

Htr'-acc, Eng. 

flor'-ci-as 10 



HY 

Hor-mis'-das 

Ho-ra'-tus 

Hor-ten'-si-a 10 

Hor-ti'-nuni 

Hor-ten'-si-us 10 

Hor-to'-na 

Ho'-rus 

Hos-til'-i-a 

Hos-til'-i-us 

Hun-ne-ri'-cus 

Hun-ni'-a-des 

Hy-a-cin'-thi-a 

Hy-a-cin'-thas 

Hy'-a-<les 

Hy-ag'-nis 

Hy'-a-la 

Hy-am'-po-lis 

Hy-an'-thes 

Hy-an'-tis 

Hy-ar'-bi-ta 

Hy'-as 

Hy'-bla 

*fiy-brc'-as, or 

Hyh'-re-as 
Hy-hri'-a-nes 
Hyc'-ca-ra 



HY 

Hy'-da, and Hy'-de 

Hyd'-a-ra 

Hy-dar'-nes 

Hy-das'-pes 

Hy'-dra 

Hy-dra'-mi-a 30 

Hy-dra-o'-tes 

Hy-droch'-o-us 

Hy-dro-pho'-ri a 

Hy'-drus 

Hy-dru'-sa 

Hy'-e-la 

Hy-emp'-sal 

Hy-et'-tus 

Hy-ge'-i-a 

Hy-gi-a'-na 

Hy-gi-nus 

Hy-la, and Hy-las 

Hy-lac'-i-des 

Hy-lac'-tor 

Hy'-laB 

Hy-be'-us 

Hy'-las 

Hy'-lax 

Hyl'-i-as 



HY 

Hyl-Ia'-i-cus 
Ilyl'-lua 

Hy-lon'-o-me 
Hy-loph'-a-gi 3 
Hym-c-naB'-us, and 

Hy'-men 
Hy-met'-tus 
Hy-poe'-pa 
Hy-pae-si-a 11 
Hyp'-a-nis 
Hyp-a-ri'-nus 
Hy-pa'-tes 
Hyp'-a-tha 
Hy-pe'-nor 
Hy-pe-ra'-on 
Hy-per'-bi-us 
Hyp-cr-bo'-re-i 
Hy-pe'-re-a, and 

Hy-pe'-ri-a 
Hyp-e-re'-si-a 11 
Hy-per'-i-des 
Hy-pe-ri'-on 29 
Hyp-erm-nes'-tra 
Hy-per'-o-chus 
Hy-per-och'-i-des 



HY 

Hy-phtB -ns 

Hyp-sa 

Hyp-se'-a 

Hyp-ae'-nor 

Hyp-se us 

Hyp-si-cra-te'-a 

Hyp-sic'-ra-tes 

Hyp-ayn'-y-le 

Hyr-ca'-ni-a 

Hyr-ca'-num Ma'-re 

Hyr-ca'-nus 

Hyr'-i-a 

Hy-ri -«mis, and 

Hyr'-p us 
Hyr-mi'-na 
Hyr'-ne-to, and 

Hyr'-ne-tho 
Hyr-nilh'-i-um 
Hyr'-ta-cus 
Hys'-i-a II 
Hys'-pa 
Hys'-sus, and 

Hys'-si 3 
Hys-tas'-pes 
Hys-ti-«'-us 



IB 

I'-A 

l-ac-chus 

I-a'-der 

l-a-le'-mus 

f-al'-me-nus 

l-al'-y-sus 

I-am'-be 

I-am-bIi-cu3 

I-am'-e-nus 

I-am-i-d.-e 

[-a-ni'-ra 

I-an'-the 

l-an'-the-a 

I-ap-e-ron'-i-des 

fl-ap'-e-tus 

l-a'-pis 

[-a-pyg-i-a 

I-a'-pyx 

I-ar'-bas 

I-ar'-chas, and 

Jar'-chas 
l-ar'-da-nus 
I-as'-i-des 
I-a'-si-on, 11, and 

I-a'-si-us 
I'-a-sus 
l-be'-ri 
I-be'-ri-a 
I-be'-rus 
I'-bi 3 
I'-bis 
Ib'-y-cug 



ID 

I-ca'-ri-a 

l-ca'-ri-us 

Ic'-a-ru9 

Ic'-ci-U9 10 

Ic'-e-Ios 

I-ce'-ni 

Tc'-e-ta8 

Ich'-nae 

Ich-nu' sa 

Ich-o-nu'-phia 

Ich-thy-oph'-a-gi 3 

Icli'-thys 

I-cil'-i-us 

Ic-i-us 10 

I'-C08 

Ic-ti'-nus 
I'-da 
I-dae'-a 
I-dav-us 
Id -a-lug 
Id-an-thyr'-siis 
I-dar'-nes 
I'-dag 
tld'-e-a 28 
I-des'-sa 
I-dit-a-ri'-sus 
Id'-mon 
I-dom'-e-ne 8 
I-dom-e-ne'-us, or 
§I-dom'-e-neus 
I-do'-the-a 
I-dri'-c-us 



IL 

I-du -be-da 
I-du'-me, and 

Id-u-me'-a 
I-dy'-i-a 
I-e'-t83 
Ig'-e-ni 

Ig-na'-ti-us 10 
Il-a-i'-ri 
Il'-ba 
Il-e-ca'-o-nes, and 

H-e-ca-o-nen'-ses 
I-ler'-da 

Il'-i-a, or Rhe'-a 
I-li'-a-ci Lu'-di 3 
I-li'-a-cu8 
I-li'-a-des 
Ii'-i-as 
Il'-i-on 
I-li'-o-ne 
U-i-o'-ne-ug, or 

||I-li'-o-neus 

I-lis'-SUS 

I-lith-y-i'-a 
Il'-i-um, or 

Il'-i-on 
Il-lib'-e-ris 
Il-lip'-u-la 
Il-Ii-tur'-gis 
Il-lyr'-i-cum 
U'-ly-ris, and 

U-lyr'-i-a 
Il-lyr'-i-cus Si'-nug 



IN 

Il-lyr'-i-us 
Il'-u-a 7 
I-lyr'-gis 

I'-1U9 

I-man-u-en'-ti-us 10 

ITIm'-a-us 

Im'-ba-rus 

Jm-brac'-i-des 

Im-bras'-i-des 

Im'-bra-sus 

Im'-bre-ug 

Im'-bri-ug 

Im-briv'-i-um 

Ini'-bros 

In'-a-chi 3 12 

I-na'-chi-a 

I-nach'-i-dae 

I-nach'-i-des 

I-na'-chi-um 

In'-a-chus 12 

I-nam'-a-mes 

I-nar'-i-me 8 

In'-a-rug 

In-ci-ta'-tug 

In-da-thyr'-sus 

In'-di-a 

In-dig'-e-tes 

In-dig'-e-ti 3 

In'-dus 

I'-no 1 

I-no'-a 7 

I-no'-pus 



IP 

I-nc-ug 

I-no'-res 

In'-su-bres 

In-ta-pher'-nes 

In-te-ram'-na 

In-ter-ca'-ti-a II 

In'-u-us 

I-ny'-cus 

I'-o 1 

I-ob'-a-tes, and 

Jo-ba'-tes 
I'-o- bos 
I-o-Ia'-i-a 
I'-o-las, or 

I-o-la'-us 
I-ol'-chos 
I'-o-le 1 8 
I'-on 
I-o'-ne 8 
I-o'-nes 
I-o'-ni-a 
l-o'-pas 
I'-o-pe, and 

Jop -pa 
I'-o-phon 

I'-08 

Ip'-e-pa 
Iph-i-a-nas'-sa 
Iph'-i-clus, or 
Iph -i-cles 
I-pnic'-*a-tcs 
I-phid'-a-mus 



* Hybreas. — Lempriere accents this word on the pe- 
nultimate syllable; but Labbe, Gouldman, and Holyoke, 
more properly, on the antepenultimate. 

| Iapetus. — 

"Son of Idpetus, o'er-subtle go 

" And glory in thy artful theft below." 

Cooke's Hesiod. 

% Idea. — This word, as a proper name, I find in no lex- 
icographer but Lempriere. 

The English appellative, signifying an image in the 
mind, has uniformly the accent on the second syllable, as 
in the Greek idia, in opposition to the Latin, which we 
generally follow in other cases, and which, in this word, 
has the "penultimate short, in Ainswnrth, Labbe, and our 
best prosodists; and, according to this analogy, idea 
ought to have the accent on the first syllable, and that 
syllable short, as the first of idiot. But when this word 
is a proper name, as the daughter of Dardanus, I should 
suppose it ought to fall into the general analogy of 
pronouncing Greek names, not by accent, but by quan- 
tity ; and, therefore, that it ought to have the accent on 
the first syllable: and, accord'ng to our own analogy, 
that syllable ought to be short, unless the, penultimate 
in the Greek is a diphthong, and then, according to gen- 
eral usage, it ought to have the accent. 

$ Idomeneus -r-The termination of nouns in eus was, 
«mong the ancients, someamea pronounced in two sylla- 



bles, and sometimes, as a diphthong, in one. Thus Labbe 
tells us, that Achilleus, Jlgyleiis, Phalareus, rfpsirteiis, 
are pronounced commonly in four syllableg, and JVeveils, 
Orpheus, Porteiis, Ttreils, in three, with the penultimate 
syllable short in all ; but that these words, when in 
verse, have generally the diphthong preserved in one syl- 
lable : 
" Eumenidum veluti demens videt agmina Pentheus." 

Virg. 
He observes, however, that the Latin poets very fre- 
quently dissolved the diphthong into two syllables : 
" Naiadum coetu, tantuin non Orpheus Hebrum 
" Pcenaque respectus, et nunc manet Orpheus in te." 
The best rule, therefore, that can be given to an Eng- 
lish reader is, to pronounce words of this termination 
always with the vowels separated, execpt an English po- 
et, in imitation of the Greeks, should preserve the diph- 
thong: but, in the present word, I should prefer I-dom'- 
e-neus to I-dom-e-ne'-us, whether in verse or prose. 

|| See Idomeneus. 

H Imaus. — All our prosodists make the penultimate 
syllable of this word short, and, consequently, accent it 
on the antepenultimate ; but Milton, by a license he was 
allowed to take, accents it on the penultimate syllable : 

" As when a vnltnre on Imahis bred, 
" Whose snowy ridge the roving Tartar bounds." 
1079 



i 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



IR 

Iph-i-de-mi'-a 

*Iph-i-ge-ni'-a 

tlph-i-me-di'-a 

I-phim'-c-don 

Iph-i-me-du'-sa 

I-phin'-o-e 8 

I-phin'-o-us 

I'-phis 

I-pliit'-i-on 11 

Iph'-i-tus 

Iph'-thi-me 

Ip-se'-a 29 

I'-ra 1 7 

l-re'-ne 

lr-e-nae'-us 

I-re'-sus 

l'-ns 



IS 

I'-rus 

Is'-a-das 

I-8ffi'-a 7 

I-sa»'us 

Is'-a-mus 

I-san'-der 

I-sa'-pis 

I'-sar, and Is'-a-ra 

I'-sar, and I-sae'-us 

I-sar'-chus 12 

I-sau'-ri-a 

l-sau'-ri-cus 

I-sau'-rus 

Is-che'-ni-a 12 

Is-cho-la'-us 

Is-chop'-o-lis 

Is-com'-a-chus 



IS 

Is'-ia 10 

Is-de-ger'-dea 

ls-i-do'-rus 

Is'-i-dore, Eng. 

I'-sis 

Is' ma-rus, and 

Is'-ma-ra 
Is-me'-ne 8 
Is-me'-ni as 
Is-men 1 i-des 
Is-me'-nus 
I-soc'-ra-tes 
Is'-sa 7 
Is'-se 8 

Is -SUB 

Is ter, and Is'-trus 



IT 

Ist'-hmi-a 

Ist'-hmi-us 

Ist'-hmaa 

Is-ti-as'-o-tis 

Is'-tri-a 

Is-trop'-o-lis 

I'-sus 

I-ta'-lia 7 

It -a-ly, Eng. 

I-tal'-i-ca 

I taP-i-cus 

It'-a-lus 

I-tar'-gris 

It'-e-a 20 

I tem'-a-les 

lth'-a-ca 



IX 

I-thob'-a-lus 

I-tho'-me 

Ith-o-ma'-i-a 

I-tho'-mus 

[tli-y-phal'-lus 

l-to'-ni-a 7 

I-to'-nus 

It-u-rae'-a 

I-tu'-rum 

It'-y-lus 

It-y-rae'-i 3 

I'-tys 

I-u'-lus 

Ix-ib'-a-tae 

Ix-i'-on 

Ix-i-on'-i-des 



JE 

JA-NIC'-U-LUM 

Ja'-nus 
Jar'-chas 
Ja'-son 
Jen'-i-sus 
Je*-ra 

Je-ro'-mus, and 
Je-ron'-y-mas 
Je-ru'-sa-lem 



JU 

Jo-ba'-tes 

Jo-cas'-ta 

Jop'-pa 

Jor-da'-nes 

Jor-nan'-des 

Jo-se'-phus Fla'-vi-us 

Jo-vi-a'-nus 

Jo'-vi-an, Eng. 

Ju'-ba 



JU 

Ju-dap'-a 
Ju-gan'-tes 
Ju-ga'-ri-us 
Ju-gor'-tha 
Ju'-li-a 7 
Ju-Ii'-a-des 
Ju-li-a'-nus 
Ju-li-an, Eng. 
Ju-li-i 4 



JU 

Ju-li-o-ma'-gus 

Ju-li-op'-o-lis 

Ju-lis 

Ju'-li-us Cae'-sar 

Ju'-ni-a 7 

Ju'-no 

Ju-no-na'-li-a 

Ju-no'-nes 

Ju-no'-ni-a 



JU 

Ju-no'-nis 
Ju'-pi-ter 
Jus-ti'-nus 
Ju-tur'-na 
Ju-ve-na'-lis 
Ju'-ve-nal, Eng 
Jn-ven'-tas 
Ju-ver'-na, or 
Hi-ber'-ni-a 



LA 

LA-AN-DER 

La-ar'-chus 

Lab'-a-ris 

Lab'-da 

Lab'-da-cus 

Lab'-da-lon 

La'-be-o 

La-bo'-ri-us 

La-bi'-ei 4 

La-bi'-cum 

La-bi-e'-nus 

Lab-i-ne'-tus 

La-bo'-bi-us 



LA 

La-bob'-ri-gi 3 

La-bo'- tas 

La-bra'-de-us 

Lab-y-rin'-thus 

La-caj'-na 

Lac-e-dae'-mon 

Lac-e-dre-mo'-ni-i 

Lac-e-deem'-o-nes 

Lac-e-de-mo'-ni-ans, 

Eng. 
La-cer'-ta 
Lacb'-a-res 
La'-ches 1 12 



LA 

tLach'-e-sis 

Lac-i-das 

La-ci'-des 

La-cin'-i-a 

La-cin-i-en'-scs 

La-cin'-i-um 

Lac'-mon 

La '-co 1 

La-cob'-ri-ga 

La-co'-ni-a, and 

La-con'-i-ca 
Lac'-ra-tcs 
Lac'-ri-nes 



L^B 

Lac-tan'-ti-us 10 

Lac'-ter 

Lac'-y-des 

Lac'-y-dus 24 

La'-das 

La'-de 8 

La'-des 

La'-don 

Lap.'-laps 

Lre'-li-a 

Lavli-a'-nus 

Lai'-li-us, C. 

Lae'-na, and Le-ae'-na 



LA 

Lae'-ne-us 
Lae'-pa Mag'-na 
La-er'-tes 
La-er'-ti-us Di-og'-e 

new 
Lae-strvg'-o-nes 
Lae'-ta* 
Lae-to'-ri-a 
Lae'-tus 
Las'-vi 3 
Lae-vi'-nus 
La ga'-ri-a 
La'-gi-a 20 



* Iphigenia, — The antepenultimate syllable of this 
word had been in quiet possession of the accent for more 
than a century, till someGreeklings of late have attempt- 
ed to place the stress on the penultimate, in compliment 
to the original Ifyiytvzia. If we ask our innovators on 
what principles they pronounce this word with the ac- 
cent on the t, they answer, because the i stands for the 
diphthong a, which, being long, must necessarily have 
the accent on it : but it may be replied, this was indeed 
the case in the Latin language, but not in the Greek, 
where we find a thousand long penultimates without the 
accent. It is true, one of the vowels which composed a 
diphthong in Greek, when this diphthong was in the pe- 
nultimate syllable, generally had an accent on it, but 
not invariably; for a long penultimate syllable did not 
always attract the accent in Greek as it did in Latin. 
An instance of this, among thousands, is that famous line 
of dactyls in Homer's Odyssey, expressing the tumbling 
down of the stone of Sisyphus: 

KZtis cKtira iri5ov5e Kv\iv8cro Xaas avai<}>j<;. — 

Odyss. b. 11. 
Another striking instance of the same accentuation ap- 
pears in the two first verses of the Iliad : 

Mrjviv aciHe Ota Tf^n'iaieu) , 'A^iXr/o? 
OiiAofifv/yv, rj pvpC ' A^aiolg a\yc 'iQrjKt). 

I know it may be said that the written accents we see 
on Greek words are of no kind of authority, and that we 
ought always to give accent to penultimate long quanti- 
ty, as the Latins did. Not here to enter into a dispute 
about the authority of the written accents, the nature of 
the acute, and its connexion with quantity, which has 
divided the learned of Europe for so many years — till we 
have a clearer idea of the nature of the human voice, 
and the properties of speaking sounds, which alone can 
clear the difficulty — for the sake of uniformity, perhaps 
it were better to adopt the prevailing mode or pronoun- 
cing Greek proper n troes, like the Latin, by making the 
quantity of the penultimate syllable the regulator of the 
accent, though contrary to the genius of Greek accentu- 
ation, which made the ultimate syllable its regulator; 
and, if this syllable was long, the accent could never rise 



higher than the penultimate. Perhaps in language, as in 
laws, it is not of so much importance that the rules of 
either should be exactly right, as that they should be 
certainly and easily known; — so the object of attention 
in the present case is not so much what ought to be done, 
as what actually is done; — and, as pedantry will always 
be more pardonable than illiteracy, if we are in doubt 
about the prevalence of custom, it will always be safer 
to lean to the side of the Greek or Latin than of our own 
language. 

\ Ipkimedia. — This and the foregoing word have the 
accent on the same syllable, but for what reason cannot 
be easily conceived. That lphigenia, having the diph- 
thong u in its penultimate syllable, should have the ac- 
cent on that syllable, though not the soundest, is at least 
a plausible reason ; but why should our prosodists givo 
the same accent to the i in Iphimedial which, coming 
from (0i and /^ao, has no such pretensions. If they 
say it has the accent in the Greek word, it may be an 
swered, this is not esteemed a sufficient reason for plac 
ing the accent in lphigenia ; besides, it is giving up the 
sheet-anchor of modern prosodists, the quantity, as the 
regulator of accent. We know it was an axiom in 
Greek prosody, that, when the last syllable was long by 
nature, the accent could not rise beyond the penultimate 
but we know, too, that this axiom is abandoned in De- 
mosthenes, Aristoteles, and a thousand other words. The 
only reason, therefore, that remains for the penultimate 
accentuation of this word, is, that this syllable is long in 
some of the best poets. Be it so. Let those, who have 
more learning and leisure than I have, find it oht. In 
the interim, as this may perhaps be a long one, I must 
recur to my advice under the last word ; though Ains- 
worth has, in my opinion, very properly left the penulti- 
mate syllable of both these words short, yet those, who 
affect to be thought learned, will always find their ac- 
count in departing, as far as possible, from the analogy of 
their own language, in favour of Greek and Latin. 

\ Lachesis. — 
" Clotho and Laehesis, whose boundless sway, 
" With Atropos both men and gods obey." 

Cooked He&iod. Theog. v. 335. 

.080 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



LA 

Lag'-i-des 

La-cin'-i-a 

La'-gus 

La-gu'-sa 

La-gy'-ra 6 

La-i'-a-des 3 

La'-i as 

La'-is 

La'-i-us 

Lul'-a-ge 

La-Ias'-sia 

Lam'-a-chus 

La-mal'-mon 

!,am-bra'-ni 3 

Lam'-brus 

Li'-mi-a 

La-mi'-a-cum Bel'- 
lum 

La'-mi-ae 

La' mi-as /E'-li-ug 

La-mi' rus 

Lam'-pc-do 

Lam-pe'-ti-a 10 
Lam 1 pe-to, and 

Lam'-pe-do 

Lam'-pe-us, and 

Lam'-pi-a 

Lam'-pon, Lam'-pos, 

or Lam'-pus 
Lam-po-ne'-a 
Lam-po-ni-a, and 
Larn-po'-ni-um 
Lam-po'-ni-us 
Lam-prid'-ki9JL'-li us 
Lam'-pro-cles 
Lam'-prus 
Lamp'-sa-cu9, and 
Lamp'-sa-chum 
Lamp-te'-ri-a 
Lam'-pus 
La'-mus 
Lam'-y-rus 
La-nas'-sa 
Lan'-ce-a 10 
Lan'-ci-a 10 
Lan'-di-a 
Lan'-gi-a 
Lan-go-bar'-di 3 
La-nu'-vi-um 
La-o-bo'-tas, or 

Lab'-o-tas 
La-oc'-o-on 
La-od'-a-mas 
La-o-da'-mi-a 30 
La-od'-i-ce 8 
La-od-i-ce ; -a 
La-od-i-ce'-ne 
La-od'-o-chus 
La-og'-o nus 
La-og'-o-ras 
La-og'-o-re 8 
*La-o-me-di'-a 30 
Iia-om'-e-don 
La-om-e-dm'-te-us 
La-om-e-don-ti'-a-dae 
La-on'-o-me 8 
La-on-o-me'-ne 
La-oth'-o-e 8 
La'-o-us 
Lap'-a-tlius 
Lapli'-ri-a 
La-phys'-ti-um 
La-pid'-e-i 
La-pid'-e-us 
Lap'-i-thao 



LE 

Lap-i-thro'-um 

Lap'-i-iho 

Lap'-i-thus 

La'-ra, or La ran'-da 

La-ron'-t i-a, and 

Lau-ren'-ti-a 10 
La'-res 
Lar'-ga 
La*'-gu9 
La-ri'-des 
La-ri'-na 
La-ri'-num 
La-ris'-sa 
La-ris'-sua 
La'-ri-us 
Lar'-nos 
La-ro'-ni-a 
Lar'-ti-us Flo'-rus 
Lar-to-laet'-a-ni 
Lar'-vse 
La-rym'-na 
La-rys'-i-um 11 
Las'-si-a 1ft 
La9'-sus, or La'-sus 
Las'-the-nes 
La9-the'-ni-a, or 
fLas-the-ni'-a 
Lat'-a-gus 

Lat-e-ra'-nus Plau -tus 
La-te'-ri-um 
La-ti-a'-Iis 
La-she-a'-lis 
La-ti-a'-ris 
La-ske-a'-ris 
La-ti'-ni 3 4 
La-tin'-i-us 
La-ti'-nus 
La'-ti-um 
La'-she-um 
La'-ti-u9 10 
Lat'-mug 
La-to'-i-a 
La-to'-ig 
La-to'-us 
La-to'-na 
La-top'-o-lis 
La'-tre-us 
Lau-do'-ni-a 
Lau-fel'-la 
Lau'-ra 
Lau'-re-a 
Lau-ren-ta'-li-a 
Lau-ren'-tes A'-gri 
Lau-ren'-ti-a 10 
Lau-ren-ti'-ni 4 
Lau-ren'-turc 
Lau-ren'-ti-us 10 
Lau'-ri-on 
Lau'-ron 

La'-us Pom-pe'-i-a 
Lau'-su3 
Lau-ti'-um 10 
La-ver'-na 
Lav-i-a-na 7 
La-vin-i-a 
La-vin'-i-um, or 

La-vi'-num 
Le'-a-de9 
|Le-ae'-i 3 
Le-ac'-na 
Le-an'-der 
Le-an'-dre 
Le-an'-dri-as 
Le-ar'-chus 12 
Leb-a-de'-a 



LE 

Lob -e-dus, or 

Lob'-e-dos 
Le-be'-na 
Le-bin'-thos, and 

Le-byn'-thos 
Le-cha?'-um 
Lcc'-y-thus 24 
Lo'-da 
j Le-dan'-a 
Le'-dus 
Le'-gi-o 
Le'-i-tus 4 
Le'-lapg 
I Lel'-e-ge9 
Le'-lex 
Le-man'-nus 
Lem'-nos 
Le-mo'-vi-i 3 
Lem'-u-re9 
Le-mu'-ri-a, and 

Le-mu-ra'-li-a 
Le-nae'-us 
Len'-tu-lus 
Le'-o 

Le-o-ca'-di-a 
Le-o-co'-ri-on 
Le-oc'-ra-te9 
Le-od'-a-ma9 
Le-od'-o-cus 
Le-og'-o-ras 
Le'-on 
Le-o'-na 
tLc-on'-a-tus 
Le-on'-i-da« 
Le-on'-ti-um, and 

Le-on-ti'-ni 4 
Le-on-to-ceph'-a-lus 
Le-on'-ton, or 

Le-on-top'-o-lis 
Le-on-tych'-i-des 
Le'-09 

Le-os'-the-neg 
Le-o-tych'-i-des 
Lep'-i-da 
Lep'-i-dus 
Le-phyr'-i-um 
Le-pi'-nus 
Le-pon'-ti-i 4 
Le'-pre-os 
Le'-pri-um 
Lep'-ti-nea 
Lep'-tis 
Le'-ri-a 
Le-ri'-na 
Ler'-na 
Le'-ro 
Le'-ros 
Le9'-bos 

Les'-bus, or Lcs'-bos 
Les'-ches 12 
Les-tryg'-o-nes 
Le-ta'-num 
Le-thse'-us 
Le'-thc 
Le'-tus 
Leu'-ca 
Leu'-cas 
Lcu-ca'-tes 
Leu-ca'-si-on 11 
Leu-cas'-pis 
Leu'-ce 
Leu'-ci 3 
Leu-cip'-pe 
Leu cip'-pi-des 
Leu-cip'-pus 



LI 

Leu'-co-la 
Leu'-con 
Leu-co'-ne 8 
Leu-co'-nes 
Leu-con'-o-e 
Leu-cop'-e-tra 
Lcu'-co-phrys 
Leu-cop'-o-lis 
Leu'-cos 
Leu-co'-gi-a 11 
Leu-co-syr'-i-i 4 
Leu-cot h'-o-e, or 

Leu-co'-the-a 
Leuc'-tra 
Leuc'-trum 
Leu'-cus 
Leu-cy-a'-ni-ag 
Leu-tych'-i-deg 
Le-va'-na 7 
Le-vi'-nus 
Lex-o'-vi-i 4 
Li-ba'-ni-us 
Lib'-a-nug 
Lib-en-ti'-na 
Li'-ber 
Lib'-e-ra 20 
Lib-er-a'-li-a 
Li-ber'-taa 
Li-be'-tbra 
Li-beth'-ri-de3 
Lib'-i-ci, Li-be'-ci-i 
Lib-i-ti'-na 
Li'-bo 1 
Li'-bon 

Lib-o-phoe-ni'-ces 
Li'-bri 4 
Li-bur -na 
Li-bur -n i-a 
Li-bur'-ni-deg 
Li-bur'-num Ma'-re 
Li-bur'-nus 
Libs 
Lib'-y-a 

Lib'-y-cum Ma'-ro 
Lib'-y-cus, and 

Li-bys'-tis 
Li'-bys 
Li-bys'-sa 
Lic'-a-tes 
Li'-cha 
la -chas 1 
Li'-ches 
Li-cin'-i-a 
Li-cin'-i-us 
Li-ci'-nus 
Li-cvm'-ni-us 
Li'-de 18 
Li-ga'-ri-us 
Li-ge'-a 
Li'-ger 

Li'-ger, or Lig f -e-ris 
Lig'-o-ras 
Lig'-u-res 
Li-gu'-ri-a 
Lig-u-ri-nus 
Li'-gus 18 
Lig'-y-es 
Li-gyr'-gum 
Li-lae'-a 
Lil-y-bae'-um 
Li-ma^-a 
Li-mc'-ni-a 
Lim'-na? 
Lim-nae f -um 
Lim-na-tid'-i-a 



LU 

Lim-ni -a-ce 

Lim-ni-o'-tBB 

Lim-no'-ni-a 

Li'-mon 

Lin-ca'-si-i 4 

Lin'-dus 

Lin'-go-nes 

Lin-ter'-na Pa'-lai 

Lin-ter'-num 

Li'-nus 

Li'-o-des 

Lip'-a-ra 

Lip'-a-ris 

Liph'-lum 

Lip-o-do'-rus 

Li-quen'-ti-a 

Lir-cae'-us 

Li-ri'-o-pe 

Li'-rif 

Li-sin'-i-as 

Lis'-son 

Lis'-sus 

Lis'-ta 

Liti-a-brum 

Lit'-a-na 

Li-tav'-i-cus 

Li-ter'-num 

Lith-o-bo'-li-a 

Li'-thrus 

Li-tu'-bi-um 

Lit-y-er'-sag 

Liv'-i-a Dru-sil'-la 

Liv-i-ne'-i-us 

Li-vil'-la 

Li'-vi-us 

Liv'-y, Eng. 

Lo'-bon 

Lo'-ce-us 10 

Lo'-cha 

Lo'-chi-as 

Lo'-cri 

Lo'-cris 

Lo-cus'-ta 

Lo-cu'-ti-us JO 

Lol'-li-a Pau-li'-na 

Lo 1-1 i-a '-nus 

Lol'-li-us 

Lon-di'-num 

Lon'-don, Eng. 

Lon-ga-re'-nus 

Lon gim'-a-nus 

Lon gi'-nus 

Lon-go-bar'-di 

Lon'-gu-la 

Lon-gun'-ti-ca 

Lor'-di 3 

Lor'-y-ma 

Lo'-tis, or Lrr'-tos 

Lo-toph'-a-gi 3 

Lo'-us, and A'-o-us 

Ln'-a 7 

Lu'-ca 

Lu'-ca-gus 20 

Lu-ca'-ni 3 

Lu-ca'-ni-a 

Lu-ca'-ni-us 

Lu-ca'-nus 

Lu'-can, Eng. 

Lu-ca'-ri-a, or 

Lu-ce'-ri-a 
Luc-ce'-i-us 
Lu'-ce-res 
Lu-ce'-ri-a 
Lu-ce'-ti-us 10 
§Lu'-ci-a 









* Lavmedia. — 

" Evagore, Laomedia join, 

"And thou, Polynome, the num'rous line. 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 399. 
See Iphigema. 

| Lasthr.nia. — All the prosodists I have consulted, 
except Ainsworth, accent this word on the penultimate 
syllable ; and, though English analogy would prefer the 
accent on the antepenultimate, we must necessarily yield 
to such a decided superiority of votes for the penultimate 
in a word so little anglicised by use. — See Iphigenia. 

\ Leonatus. — fn the accentuation of this word I have 

followed Labbe and Lempriere : the former of whom 

says — Quanquam de hac voce amplius cogitandum cum 

«ruditis viri3 cxistimem. Till, then, these learned men 

136 



have considered this word, I think wo may be allowed to 
consider it as formed from the Latin leo and natus. .ion- 
born, and, as the a in natus is long, no shadow of reason 
can be given why it should not have the accent. This is 
the accentuation constantly given to it in the play of 
Cymbeline, and is, in my opinion, the best. 

$ Lucia. — Labbe cries out loudly against those who 
accent this word on the penultimate, which, as a Latin 
word, ought to have the accent on the antepenultimate 
syllable. If once, says he, we break through rules, why 
should we not pronounce Jlmmia, Anastasia, Cecilia, 
Leocadia, Natalia, &c, with the accent on the penulti 
mate likewise >. — This ought to be a .varning against our 
pronouncing the West-India island St. Lu'cia. as we 
scrootimes hear it, St. Luci'a. 
1081 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



LU 

Lu-ci-a'-nus 

Lu'-ci-an, Eng. 

Lu'-ci-fer 

Lu-cil'-i-us 

Lu-cil'-la 

Lu-ci'-na 

Lu'-ci-us 10 

Lu-ere'-ti-a 10 

Lu-cret'-i-lis 

Lu-cre'-ti-us 10 

Lu-cri'-num 

Lu-cri'-nus 

Luc-ta'-ti-us 10 

Lu-cul'-le-a 

Lu-cul'-lus 

Lu'-cu-mo 20 

Lu'-cus 

Lug-du'-num 

Lu'-na 7 

Lu'-pa 

*Lu-per'-cal 

Lu-per-ca'-li-a 

Lu-per'-ci 3 

Lu-per'-cus 

Lu'-pi-as, or Lu'-pi-a 



LY 

Lu'-pus 
Lu-si-ta'-ni-a 
Lu-so'-nes" 
Lus -tri-cus 
Lu-ta'-ti-us 
Lu-te'-ri-us 
Lu-te'-ti-a 10 
Lu-to'-ri-us 
Ly-ae'-us 
Ly'-bas 
Lyb'-y-a, or 
Ly-bis'-sa 
Lyc'-a-bas 
Lyc-a-be'-tus 
Ly-cae'-a 
Ly-cae'-um 
Ly-cae'-us 
Ly-cam'-bes 
Ly-ca'-on 
Lyc-a-o'-ni-a 
Ly'-cas 
Ly-cas'-te 
Ly-cas'-tum 
Ly-cas'-tus 
Ly'-ce 8 



LY 

Ly'-ces 

Ly-ce'-um 

Lych-ni'-dea 

Lyc'-i-a 10 

Lyc'-i-das 

Ly-cim'-na 

Ly-cim'-ni-a 

Ly-cis'-cus 

Lyc'-i-us 10 

Lyc-o-me'-des 

Ly'-con 

Ly-co'-ne 8 

Lyc'-o-phron 

Ly-cop'-o-lis 

Ly-co'-pus 

Ly-co'-ri-as 

Ly-co'-ris 

Ly-cor'-mas 

Ly-cor'-tas 

Lyc-o-su'-ra 

Lyc'-tus 

Ly-cur-gi-des 

Ly-cur'-gus 

Ly'-cus 



LY 

Ly'-de 8 

Lyd'-i-a 

Lyd'-i-as 

Lyd'-i-us 

Ly'-dus 

Lyg'-da-mis, or 

Lyg'-da-mus 
Lyg'-i-i 4 
Ly'-gus 
Ly-mi'-re 
Ly'-max 
Lyn-ci'-des 
Lyn-ces'-tae 
Lyn-ces'-tes 
Lyn-ces'-ti-us 
Lyn-ce'-us 
Lyn'-cus, Lyn-c 

or Lynx 
Lyn-ci'-dae 
Lyr'-cae 
Lyr-ca>'-us 
Lyr-ce'-a 
Lyr'-cus 
Lvr-nes'-sus 



LY 

Ly-aan'-der 

Ly-san'-dra 

Ly-sa'-ni-ag 

Ly'-se 8 

Ly-si'-a-deB 

Lys-si-a-nas'-sa 

Ly-si'-a-nax 

Lys'-i-as 11 

Lys'-i-cles 

Ly-sid'-i-ce 

Ly-sim'-a-che 

Lys-i-ma'-chi-a 

Ly-sim'-a-chus 

Lys-i-mach'-i-dea 

Lys-i-me'-H-a 

Ly-sin'-o-e 8 

Ly-sip'-pe 

Ly-sip'-pus 

Ly'-sis 

Ly-sis'-tra-tus 

Ly-sith'-o-us 

Ly'-so 

Ly-taB'-a 

Ly-za'-ni-as 



MA 

MA'-CiE 

Ma'-car 

Ma-ca'-re-ua 

Ma-ca'-ri-a 

Mac'-a-ris 

Ma-ced'-nus 

Mac'-e-do 

Mac-e-do'-ni-a 

Mac-e-don'-i-cus 30 

Ma-cel'-la 

Ma'-cer iE-myl'-i-us 

Ma-chae'-ra 

Ma-chan'-i-das 

Ma-cha'-on 

Ma'-cra 

Mac-ri-a'-nus 

Ma-cri-nus, M. 

Ma'-cro 

Ma-cro'-bi-i 4 

JV1 a-cro'-bi-us 

Mac'-ro-chir 

Ma-cro'-nes 

Mac-to'-ri-um 

Mac-u-lo'-nus 

Ma-des'-tes 

Ma-de'-tes 

Mad'-y-es 

Mse-an'-der 

Msc-an'-dri-a 

Mee-ce'-nag 

Mae'-di 3 

Mae'-li-us 

Maem-ac-te'-ri-a 

Mam'-a-des 

Maen'-a-la 

Man'-a-lus 

Mae'-ni-us 

Mae'-non 

Mae-o'-ni-a 

Mae-on'-i-dae 

Mavon'-i-des 

Mae'-o-nis 

Ma;-o'-tae 

Mae-o'-tis Pa'-lug 

Mae ; -si-a Syl'-va 11 

Mae'-vi-a 

Mae'-vi-us 

Ma'-gas 

Ma-gel'-la 

Mag'-e-ta; 

Ma'-gi 

Ma'-gi-us 
Mas'-na Grae'-ci-a 



MA 

Mag-nen'-ti-us 10 

Mag'-nes 

Mag-ne'-si-a 11 

Ma'-go 

Ma'-gon 

Mag-on-ti'-a-cum 

Ma'-gus 

Ma-her L bal 

Ma'-i-a 

Ma-jes'-tas 

Ma-jo-ri-a'-nus 

Ma-jor'-ca 

Ma'-la For-tu-na 

Mal'-a-cha 

Ma-le'-a 

Mal'-ho, or 

Ma'-tho 
Ma'-li-a 
Ma'-li-i 4 
Ma'-I is 

Mal'-le-a, or Mal'-li-a 
Mal'-li-us 
Mal'-los 
Mal-thi'-nus 
Mal-va'-na 
Ma-ma'-us 

Ma-mer'-cus 

Ma-mer'-tlies 

Mam-er-ti'-na 

Mam-or-ti'-ni 4 3 

Ma-mi l'-i-a 

Ma-mil'-i-i 4 

Ma-mi I'-i-us 

Mam-mae'-a 

Ma-mu'-ri-us 

Ma-mur'-ra 

Ma-nas'-ta-bal 

Man-ci'-nus 

Man-da'-ne 8 

Man-da'-neg 

Man-de'-la 

Man-do'-ni-us 

Man'-dro-cles 

Man-droc'-li-das 

Man'-dron 

Man-du'-bi-i 4 

Man-du-bra'-ti-us 

Ma'-nes 

Ma-ne'-tho 

Ma'-ni-a 

Ma-nil'-i-a 

Ma-nil'-i-ug 

Man'-i-mi 4 



MA 

Man'-li-a 
Man'-li-us Tor-qua'- 

tus 
Man'-nus 
Man-sue'-tua 
Man-ti-ne'-a 
Man-ti-ne'-ug 
Man'-ti-ug 10 
Man'-to 
Man'-tu-a 
Mar-a-can'-da 
Mar'-a-tha 
Mar'-a-thon 
Mar'-a-thos 
Mar-cel'-la 
Mar-cel-li'-nus Am- 

mi-a'-nus 
Mar-cel'-lus 
Mar'-ci-a 10 
Mar-ci-a'-na 
Mar-she-a'-na 
Mar-ci-a-nop'-o-lis 
Mar-ci-a'-nus 10 
Mar'-ci-us Sa-bi'-nug 
Mar-co-man'-ni 
Mar'-cus 
Mar'-di 3 

Mar'-di-a 
Mar-do'-ni-us 

Mar'-dus 

Mar-e-o'-tis 

Mar-gin'-i-a, and 
Mar-gi-a'-ni-a 

Mar-gi'-tes 

fMa-ri'-a, or Ma'-ri-a 

Ma-ri'-a-ba 

Ma-ri-am'-ne 

Ma-ri-a'-nao Fos'-SB3 

Ma-ri-an-dy'-num 

Ma-ri-a'-nua 

Ma-ri'-ca 

Ma-ii'-ci 3 

Mar'-i-cus 

Ma-ri'-na 

Ma-ri'-nus 

Ma-ry-on 

Ma'-ris 

Ma-ris'-ga 

Mar'-i-sus 

Ma-ri'-ta 

Ma'-ri-ug 

Mar'-ma-cug 

Mar-ma-ren -geg 



MA 

Mar-mar'-i-ca 
Mar-mar'-i-daB 
Mar-ma'-ri-on 
Ma'-ro 1 
Mar-o-bud'-u-i 3 
Matron 
Mar-o-ne'-a 
Mar-pe'-si-a 10 
Mar-pes'-sa 
Mar-pe'-gua 
Mar'-res 

Mar-ru'-vi-um, or 
Mar-ru'-bi-um 
Mars 

Mar'-sa-la 
Mar-sw'-ug 
Mar'-se 8 
Mar'-si 3 
Mar-sig'-ni 3 
Mar-sy'-a-ba 
Mar'-tha 
Mar'-ti-a 10 
Mar'-she-a 
Mar-ti-a'-lig 
Mari-ti-al, Eng. 
Mar-ti-a'-nug 
Mar-ti'-na 
Mar-tin-i-a'-nus 
Mar'-ti-us 10 
Ma-rul'-lus 
Mas-ae-syl'-i-i 4 
Mas-i-ni's'-sa 
Mas'-sa 
Mas'-sa-ga 
Mas-sag'-e-tae 
Mas-sa'-na 7 
Mag-sa'-ni 3 
Mas'-si-cus 
Mas-sil'-i-a 7 
Mas-sy'-la 
Ma-gu'-ri-us 
Ma'-tho 
Ma-ti-e'-ni 
Ma-ti'-nus 
Ma-tis'-co 
Ma-tra'-li-a 
Ma-tro'-na 
Mat-ro-na'-li-a 
Mat-tj'-a-ci 3 
Ma-tu'-ta 
Mau'-ri 3 
Mau-ri-ta'-ni-a 
Mau'-rug 



ME 

Mau-ru'-si-i 4 11 

Mau-so'-lus 

Ma'-vorg 

Ma-vor'-ti-a 10 

Max-en'-ti-us 10 

Max-im-i-a'-nus 

Max-i-mil-i-a'-na 

Max-i-mi'-nus 

Maz'-i-min, Eng 

Max'-i-mug 

Maz'-a-ca 

Ma-za'-ces 

Ma-zs'-us 

Ma-za'-res 

Maz'-e-rag 

Ma-zi'-ceg, and 

Ma-zy'-geg 
Me-cha'-ne-us 
Me-cis'-to-us 
Me-coe'-nas, or 

Me-cae'-nas 
Mec-ri-da 
Me-de'-a 

Me-deg-i-cas'-te 8 
Me'-di-a 7 
Me'-di-ag 
Med'-i-cus 
Me-di-o-ma-tri'-ces 
Me-di-o-ma-tri'-ci 
Me-di-ox'-u-mi 
Med-i-tri'-na 
Me-do'-a-cus, or 

Me-du'-a-cug 
Med-o-bith'-y-ni 
Me-dob'-ri-ga 
Me'-don 

Me-don'-ti-as 10 
Med-u-a'-na 
Med-ul-li'-na 
Me'-dug 
Me-du'-ga 
Me-gab'-i-zi 
Meg-a-by'-zus 
Meg'-a-cleg 
Me-gac'-li-des 
Me-gae'-ra 
Me-ga'-Io-ag 
Meg-a-le'-gi-a 11 
Mo-ga'-li-a 
Meg-a-lop'-o-lig 
Meg-a-me'-de 8 
Meg-a-ni'-ra 
Meg-a-pen'-thes 



* Lupercal. — Thig word is so little interwoven with 
our language, that it ought to have its true Latin accent 
on the penultimate syllable. But wherever the antepe- 
nultimate accent is adopted in verse, as in Shakspeare's 
Julius Caesar, where Antony says, 

" You all did see that on the Lu'percal 

" I thrice presented him a kingly crown"— 

we ought to preserve it.— Mr. Barry, the actor, who was 



informed by some scholar of the Latin pronunciation of 
thig word, adopted it in this place, and pronounced it 
Luper'cal, which grated every ear that heard him. 

t Maria. — Thig word, says Labbe, derived from the 
Hebrew, has the accent on the second syllable ; but when 
a Latin word, the feminine of Marius, it has the accent 
on the first. 

1082 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



ME 

*Meg'-a-ra 

fMeg-a-re'-us 

Meg'-a-ris 

Me-gar'-sus 

Me-gas'-tlu'-iit's 

Me-gil'-la 

Me-gis'-ta 

Me'-la Pom-po'-ni-us 

Me-gis'-ti-a 

M o - fay nc 

Me-lam'-pus 

Mel-auch-laV-ni 

Me-lan'-chrus 

Mel'-a-ne 

Me-la'-ne-us 

Me-lan'-i-da 

Me-1 a'-ni-on 

Mol-a-nip'-pe 

Mel-a-nip'-pi-des 

Mel-a-nip'-pus 

Mel-a-no'-pus 

Mel-a-nos'-y-ri 

Me-lan'-thi-i 4 

Me-lan'-thi-us 

Me-lan'-tho 

Me-lan'-thus 

Me'-las 

Mel-e-a'-ger 

Mel-e-ag'-ri-des 

Mel-e-san'-iler 

Me'-lcs 

Mel'-e-se 

fllul-e-sig'-e-nes, or 

Mel-e-sig'-e-na 
Me'-li-a 
Mel-i-boe'-us 
Mel-i-cer'-ta 
Mel-i-gu'-nis 
Me-li'-na 
Me-li'-sa 7 
Me-lis'-sa 
Me-lis'-sus 
Mel'-i-ta 
Mel'-i-te 
Mel-i-te'-ne 
Mel'-i-tus (accuser of 

Socrates) 
Me'-li-us 
Mel-ix-an'-drus 
JMe-lob'-o-sis 
Me'-lon 
Me'-los 
Mel'-pi-a 
Mel-pom'-e-ne S 
Me-niac'-e-ni 
Mem'-mi-a 
Mem'-mi-us 
Mem'-non 
Mem'-phis 
Mem-phi'-tis 
Me'-na, or Me'-nes 
Me-nal'-cas 
Me-nal'-ci-das 
Men-a-lip'-pe 
Men-a-lip'-pus 
Me-nan'-dor . 

Me-na'-pi-i 4 
Men'-a-pis 
Me'-nas 

Men-che'-res 12 
Men'-des 
Me-nec'-les 
Men-e-cli'-des 
Me-nec'-ra-tes 
Men-e-de'-mus 



ME 

Me-neg'-e-tas 
.Men-v-la'-i-a 
.Mon-t'-la'-us 
Me-ne'-ni-m 

A-grip'-pa 
Men'-e-phron 
Me'-nes 
Bfe-nea'-teiw, or 

Me-nes'-the-ua, or 

Blnes'-the-us 13 
Men-es-the-i Por'-tus 
.Me-nt's -thi-us 
Men'-e-tas 
Me-nip'-pa 
Me-nip'-pi-des 
Me-nip'-pus 
Me'-ni-us 
Men'-nis 
Me-nod'-o-tus 
Me-na J -ce-us 10 
Me-nce'-tes 
Me-nce'-ti-us 10 
Me'-non 
Me-noph'-i-lus 
Men'-ta, or Mhv-tho 
Men'-tes 
Men-tis'-sa 
Mcn'-to 
-Men'-tor 
Me-nyl'-lus 
Me'-ra 

Me'-ra, or Mce'-ra 
Mer-cu'-ri-us 
Mer'-cu-ry, Eng. 
Me-ri'-o-nes 
Mer'-me-rus 
Merm'-na-das 
Mer'-c-e 8 
Mer'-o-pe 8 
Me'-rops 
Me'-ros 
Mer'-u-la 
Me-sab'-a-tes 
Me-sa'-bi-us 
Me-sa'-pi-a 
Me-sau'-bi-us 
Me-sem'-bri-a 
Me -se'-ne 
Mes-o-me-des 
Mes-o-po-ta'-mi-a 
Mes-sa'-la 
Mes-sa-li'-na 3 
Mes-sa-li'-nus 
Mes-sa'-na 7 
Mes-sa'-pi-a 
Mes'-sa-tis 
Mes'-se 3 
Mes-se'-is 5 
Mes-se'-ne, or 

Mes-se'-na 
Mes-se'-ni-a 
Mes'-tor 
Me-su'-la 
Met'-a-bus 
Met-a-git'-ni-a 
Met-a-ni'-ra 
Met-a-pon'-tum 
Met-a-pon'-tus 
Me-tau'-rus 
Me-lol'-la 
Me-tel'-li 3 
Me-thar'-ma 
Me-thi'-on 29 
Me-tho'-di-us 
Me-tho'-ne 8 
Me-thyd'-ri-um 



MI 

Me-thym'-na 

Me-ti-n-du'-sa 21 

Me-til'-i-a 

Me-til'-i-i 4 

Me-til'-i-ua 

Me-ti'-o-chus 

Mo'-ti-on 1 1 

Me'-tis 

Bfe tis'-cus 

Me'-ti-us 10 

Me-toe'-ci-a 10 

Me'-ton 

Met'-o-pe 8 

Me'-tra 

Me-tro'-bi-us 

Met'-ro-cles 

Met-ro-do'-rus 

Me-troph'-a-nes 

Me-trop'-o-lis 

Met'-ti-us 10 

Me-va'-ni-a 

Me'-vi-us 

Me-zen'-t i-us 10 

Mi-ce'-a 

Mi-cip'-sa 

Mic'-y-thus 24 

Mi'-das 

Mi-de'-a (of Argos) 

Mid -e-a (of Bcbotia) 

Mi-la'-ni-on 

Mi-le'-si-i 4 11 

Mi-]#-si-us 10 

Mi-le'-ti-a 10 

Mi-le'-ti-um 10 

Mi-le'-tus 

Mil'-i-as 

Mil'-i-chus 12 

Mi-li'-nus 

Mil-i-o'-ni-a 

Mi'-Io 

Mi-lo'-ni-us 

Mi]-ti'-a-des 

Mil'-to 

Mil'-vi-us 

Mil'-y-as 

Mi-mal'-lo-nes 

Mi'-mas 

Mim-ner'-mus 

Min'-ci-us 10 

Min'-da-rus 

Mi-ne'-i-des 

Mi-ner'-va 

Min-cr-va'-li-a 

Min'-i-o 

Min-nae'-i 3 

Mi-iW-a 

Mi-no'-is 

Mi'-nos 

Min-o-tau'-rus 

Min'-the 

Min-tur'-nae 

Mi-nu'-ti-a 10 

Mi-nu'-ti-us 10 

Min'-y-ae 6 

Min'-y-as 

Min-y-cus 

Mi-ny'-i-a 6 

Min'-y-tus 

Mir'-a-ces 

Mi-se'-uum 

Mi-se'-nus 

Mi-sith' e-us 

Mi'-tliras 

Mit.h-ra-da'-tes 

Mi-thre'-nes 

Mith-ri-da'-tes 



MO 

Mith-ri-da'-tis 
Mith-ro-bar-za'-nes 
Mit-y-le'-ne, and 

Mit-v-lc'-nae 
Mi'-tya 
i\liz-;e' i 
Mna-sal'-ces 13 
Na-sal'-ccs 
Mna'-si-as 11 
Mnas'-i-cles 
Mna-sip'-pi-das 
Mna-sip'-pus 
Mna-sith'-e-us 
Mna'-son 13 
Mna-syr'-i-um 
Mne'-mon 
Mne-mos'-y-ne 3 
Mne-sar'-clms 
Mne-sid'-a-mus 
Mnes-i-la'-us 
Mne-sim'-a-che 
Mne-sim'-a-chus 
Mnes'-ter 
Mnes'-the-us 13 
Mnes'-ti-a 
Mnes'-tra 
Mpe'-via 
Mo-a-pher'-nes 
Mo'-di-a 
Moe'-ci-a 5 10 
Mce'-nus 
Mce-rag'-e-tes 
Mce'-ris 
Mce'-di 
Mce'-on 
Mo3-on'-i-des 
Moe'-ra 
Moe'-si-a 
Mo-gy'-ni 
Mo-le"'-i-a 
Mo-li'-o-ne 
Mo'-lo 
Mo-loe'-is 
Mo-lor'-chus 12 
Mo-los'-si 3 
Mo-los'-si-a, or 

Mo-los'-sis 
Mo-los'-sus 
Mol-paJ-di-a 
Mol'-pus 
Mo'-lus 
Mo-lyc'-ri-on 
Mo-mem'-phis 
Mo'-mus 
Mo'-na 
Mo-nae'-ses 
Mo-ne'-sus 
Mo-ne'-ta 
Mon'-i-ma 
Mon'-i-mus 
Mon'-o-dus 
Mo-nce'-cus 
Mo-no'-le-ns 
Mo-nopli'-i-lus 
Mon-ta'-nus 
Mo-nopli'-a-ge 
Mon'-y-chus 6 12 
Mon'-y-mus 
Mo'-phis 
Mop'- si- urn 10 
Mop-so'-pi-a 
Mop'-sus 

Mor-qan'-ti-um 10 
Mor'-i-ni 
Mor-i-tas'-gus 
Mo'-ri-us 



MY 

Mor'-phe-us 

Mors 

Mo'-rys 

Mo'-sa 

Mos'-chi 3 12 

Mos'-chi-on 

Mos'-chus 

Mo-sel'-ia 

Mo'-ses 

Mo-sych'-lus 

Mos-y-nae'-ci 3 

Mo-tho'-ne 

Mo-ty'-a 

Mu-ci-a'-nus 

Mu'-ci-us 10 

Mu'-crae 

Mul'-ci-ber 

§iMu-lu'-cha 

Mul'-vi-us Pons 

Mum'-mi-us 

Mu-na'-ti-us 10 

Mun'-da 

Mu-ni'-tus 

Mu-nych'-i-ae 4 

Mu-rae'-na 

Mur'-cus 

Mu-re'-tus 

Mur-gan'-ti-a 10 

Mur-rhe'-nus 

Mur'-ti-a 10 

Mus 

Mu'-sa An-to'-ni-us 

Mu'-sas 

Mu-Sffi'-US 

Mu-so'-ni-us Ru'-fua 
Mus-te'-la 
Mu-thul'-lus 
Mu'-ti-a 10 
Mu-til'-i-a 
lJMu'-ti-na 
Mu- ti'-nes 
Mu-ti'-nus, or 
Mu-tu'-nus 
Mu'-ti-us 10 

Mu-tUS'-C33 

My-ag'-rus, or 

My'-o-des 
||Myc'-a-le 
Myc-a-les'-sus 
My-ce'-nce 
Myc-e-ri'-nus 
Myc-i-ber'-na 
Myc'-i-thus 
My'-con 
||Myc'-o-ne 
My'-don 
My-ec'-pho-ris 
My-e'-nus 
Myg'-don 
Myg-do'-ni-a 
Myg'-do-nus 
My-las'-sa 
My'-le, or My'-las 
My'-les 
My-iit'-ta , 
Myn'-dus 
My'-nes 
Myn'-i-ae 4 
My-o'-ni-a 
Myr-ci'-nus 
My-ri'-cus 
ITMy-ri'-nus 
My-ri'-na 
Myr'-i-03 
Myr-mec'-i-des 
Myr-mid'-o-nes 



* Megara. — I have in this word followed Labbe, Ains- 
worth, Gouldman, and Holyoke, by adopting the antepe- 
nultimate accent, in opposition to Lempriere, who accents 
the penultimate syllable. 
. f Megareus. — Labbe pronounces this word in four syl- 
lables, when a noun substantive ; but Ainsworth marks it 
as a trisyllable, when a proper name ; and, in my opinion, 
incorrectly. — See Idomeneus. 

I Melobosis. — In this word I have given the preference 
to the antepenultimate accent, with Labbe, Gouldman, 
and Holyoke; though the penultimate, which Lempriere 
has adopted, is more agreeable to the ear. 

§ Mulucha. — This word is accented on the antepenul- 
timate by Labbe, Lempriere, and Ainsworth ; and on the 



penultimate by Gouldman and Holyoke. Labbe indeed 
says, ut volueris ; and I shall certainly avail myself of 
this permission to place the accent on the penultimate; 
for, when this syllable ends with m, the English have a 
strong propensity to place the accent on it, even ^oppo- 
sition to etymology, as in the word Arbutus. 

|| Mycale and Mycone. — An English ear seems to have 
a strong predilection for the penultimate accent on these 
words ; but all our prosodists accent them on the antepe- 
nultimate. The same may be observed of Mutina. See 
note on Oryus. 

1F Myrinus. — Labbe is the only prosodist I have met 
with, who accents this word on the antepenultimate syl- 
lable ; and, as this accentuation is so contrary to analogy, 
1083 






GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



MY 

My-ro'-nus 

My-ro-ni-a'-nus 

My-ron'-i-des 

Myr'-rha 

Myr'-sj-lus 



MY 



MY 



Myr'-si-nus (a city) I Myr'-ti-lus 

My-stal'-i-des Myr-to'-um Ma'-re 

Myr'-sus Myr-tun'-ti-um 10 

Myr'-te-a (Venus) Myr-tu'-sa 

Myr-te'-a (a city) I Myr'-tis 



MY 

Myr'-ta-lo 
Myr-to'-us 
My-scel'-las 
Mys'-tes 
Mys'-i-a 11 



MY 

My-so-ma-ced'-o-nes 

My'-son 

Myth'-e-cus 

Myt-i-le'-ne 

My'-us 



NE 
NAB-AR-ZA'-NES 

Nab-a-thaV-a 
Na'-bis 
Na-dag'-a-ra 
NaV-ni-a 

Nai'-vi-us 

Naev'-o-lus 

Na-har'-va-li 3 

Nai'-a-des 

Na'-is 

Na-pae'-ae 

Naph'-i-lus 

Nar 

Nar'-bo 

Nar-bo-nen'-sis 

Nar-cffi'-us 

Nar-cis'-sus 

Nar'-ga-ra 

JVa-ris ; -ci 3 

Nar'-ni-a, or Nar'-na 

Nar-the'-cis 

Na-ryc'-i-a 10 

JVar'-ses 

Nas-a-rao'-nes 

Nas'-ci-o, or Na'-ti-o 

JVas'-i-ca 

Na-sid-i-e'-nus 

Na-sid'-i-us 
I Na'-so 

Nas-sus, or Na'-3us 

Nas'-u-a 10 

Na-ta'-li-a 

Na-ta'-lis 

Nat'-ta 

Nau'-co-lus 
Nau'-cles 
Nau'-cra-tes 
Nau'-cra-tis 
Nau'-lo-chus 
Nau-pac'-tus, or 
Nau-pac'-tum 
Nau'-pli-a 
Nau'-pli-us 
Nau'-ra 
Nau-sic'-a-as 
Nau'-si-cles 
Nan-sim'-e-nes 
Nau-sith'-o-e 
Nau-sitb'-o-as 
Nau'-tes 17 
Na'-va 

Na'-vi-us Ac'-ti-u9 
Nax'-os 
Ne-ae'-ra 
No-a3'-thus 



NE 

Ne-al'-ceg 

Ne-al'-i-ces 

Ne-an'-theg 

Ne-ap'-o-lis 

Ne-ar'-chus 

Ne-bro'-deg 

Ne-broph'-o-nos 

Ne'-chos 

Nec-ta-ne'-bus, and 

Nec-tan'-a-big 
Ne-cys'-i-a 10 
Ne'-ig 
Ne'-le-us 
Ne'-Io 
Ne-ma?'-a 
Ne-me'-a (a) 
Ne-me-si-a'-nus 21 
Nem'-e-sig 
Ne-me'-si-us 10 
Nem-o-ra'-li-a 
Nein'-e-teg 
Ne-me'-ug 
*Ne-o-bu'-le 
No-o-caos-a-re'-a 
Ne-ocb'-a-big 
Ne'-o-cles 
Ne-og'-e-nes 
Ne-om'-o-ris 
Ne'-on 

Ne-on-ti'-chos 12 
Ne-op-tol-e-mus 
fNe'-o-rig 
Ne'-pe 
Ne-pha'-li-a 
Neph'-e-le 
Neph-er-i'-teg 
Ne'-phus 
Ne'-pi-a 
Ne'-pos 

Ne-po-ti-a'-nus 12 
Nep'-thyg 
Nep-tu'-ni-a 
Nep-tu'-ni-um 
Nep-tu'-ni-us 
Nep-tu'-nug 
Nep'-tune, Eng. 
Ne-re'-i-des 
Ne'-re-ids, Eng. 
Ne-re'-i-ug 
JNc'-re-u3 
Ne-ri'-ne 
Ner'-i-phus 
Ner'-i-tog 
Ne'-ri-U3 
Ne'-ro 



NI 

Ne-ro'-ni-a 

Ner-to-brig'-i-a 

Ner'-u-lum 

Ner'-va Coc-ce'-i-ug 

Ner'-vi-i 3 

Ne-sae'-a 

Ne-sim'-a-chus 12 

Ne-si-o'-pe 

Ne-she-o'-pe 

Ne-so'-pe 

Ne'-sig 

Nes'-gus 

Nes'-to-cleg 

Nes'-tor 

Neg-to'rri-ug 

Nes'-tus, or Nes'-sus 

Ne'-tum 

Ne'-u-ri 

Ni-cae'-a 

JVi-cag'-o-ras 

Ni-can'-der 

Ni-ca'-nor 

Ni-car'-chug 

Nic-ar-thi'-des 

Ni-ca'-tor 

Ni'-ce 8 

Nic-e-pho'-ri-um 

Nic-e-pho'-ri-us 

Ni-ceph'-o-rug 

Nic-er-a'-tu9 

Ni-ce'-tag 

Nic-e-te'-ri-a 

Nic'-i-a 10 

Nic'-i-ag 10 

Ni-cip'-pe 

Ni-cip'-pug 

Ni'-co 

Ni-coch'-a-reg 

Nic'-o-cleg 

Ni-coch'-ra-teg 

Ni-co'-cre-on 

Nic-o-de'-mug 

Nic-o-do'-rug 

Ni-cod'-ro-mug 

Nic-o-la'-us 

Ni-com'-a-cha 

Ni-com'-a-chus 

Nic-o-me'-deg 

Nic-o-me'-di-a 

Ni'-con 

Ni-co'-ni-a 

IS'ic'-o-phron 

Ni-cop'-o-lis 

Ni-cos'-tra-ta 

Ni-cos'-tra-tus 



NO 

Nic-o-te-le-a 
Ni-cot'-e-leg 
Ni'-ger 
Ni-gid'-i-ug Fig'-u- 

lus 
Ni-gri'-tae 
Ni'-le-us 
Ni'-lug 
Nitv-ni-us 
Nin'-i-as 
Ni'-nug 
Nin'-y-as 
Ni'-o-be 
Ni-phse'-ug 
Ni-pha'-tea 
Ni'-phe 
Nir'-e-us 
Ni'-ga 
Ni-gae'-a 
Ni-sae'-e 
Ni-se'-i-a 
Nis'-i-bis 
Ni'-sug 
Ni-gy'-ros 
Ni-te'-tis 
Ni-to'-crig 
Nit'-ri-a 
No'-ag 
Noc'-mon 
Noc-ti-lu'-ca 
No'-Ia 

Nom-en-ta'-nus 
Nom'-a-dea 
No'-ma) 
No-men'-tum 
No'-mi-i 3 
No'-mi-us 
$No-na'-cris 
No'-ni-ug 
Non'-ni-ua 
Non'-nug 

No'-pia, or Cno'-pi-a 
No'-ra 
No'-rax 
Nor'-ba 
Nor-ba'-nus, C. 
Nor'-i-cum 
Nor-thip'-pus 
Nor'-ti-a 10 
No'-thug 
No'-nus 
No'-ti-um 10 
No'-tug 
No-va'-tug 
No-vi-o-du'-num 



NY 

I No-vi-om'-a-gum 
No'-vi-us Pris'-cus 
Nox 

Nu-ce'-ri-a 
Nu-ith'-o-ne3 
Nu'-ma Pom-pil'-i-us 
Nu-ma'-na 
Nu-man'-ti-a 
Nu-man-ti'-na 
Nu-ma'-nug Rem'-u- 

lus 
Nu'-me-nes 
Nu-me'-ni-a, or 

Ne-o-me'-ni-a 
Nu-me'-ni-ug 
Nu-me-ri-a'-nug 
Nu-me'-ri-ug 
||Nu-mi'-cus 
Nu'-mi-da 
Nu-mid'-i-a 
Nu-mid'-i-us 
Nu'-mi-tor 
Nu-mi-to'-ri-ug 
Nu-mo'-ni-ug 
Nun-co'-re-us 
ITNun'-di-na 
Nun'-di nse 
Nur'-sa? 
Nur'-sci-a 
Nur'-si-a 19 
Nu'-tri-a 
Nyc-te'-ig 
Nyc-te'-li-U8 
Nyc'-te-us 
Nyc-tim'-e-ne 
Nyc'-ti-mus 
Nym-bae'-um 
Nym'-phae 
Nymphs, Eng. 
Nym-phas'-uin 
Nym-phae'-ug 
Nym-phid'-i-U3 
Nym'-phig 
Nym-pho-do'-rns 
Nym-pho-lep'-teg 
Nym'-phon 
Nyp'-gi-ug 
Ny'-ga, or Nys'-sa 
Ny-sa3'-U9 
Ny'-sag 
Ny-se'-i-us 
Ny-8i'-a-deg 
Ny-gig'-e-na 
Ny-gi'-roa . 
Nys'-ga 



I have followed Lempriere, Ainsworth, Gouldman, and 
Holyokc, with the accent on the penultimate. — See the 
•word in the Terminational Vocabulary. 

* Neobule. — Labbe, Ainsworth, Gouldman, Littleton, 
and Holyoke, give this word the penultimate accent, and 
therefore I have preferred it to the antepenultimate ac- 
cent, given it by Lempriere; not only from the number 
of authorities in its favour, but from its being more agree- 
able to analogy. 

+ Neoris. — The authorities are nearly equally balanced 
between the penultimate and antepenultimate accent; 
and therefore I may say, as Labbe sometimes does, utvo- 
lueris .• but I am inclined rather to the antepenultimate 
accent, as more agreeable to analogy, though I think the 
penultimate more agreeable to the ear. 

J Nereus. — 
" Old Nereus to the Sea was born of Earth— 
u Nere whp claimg the precedence in birth 



"To their descendantg; him old god they call, 
" Because sincere and affable to all." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 357. 

§ Nonacris. — Labbe, Ainsworth, Gouldman, and Hol- 
yoke, give this word the antepenultimate accent ; but 
Lempriere, Littleton, and the Graduses, place the accent, 
more agreeably to analogy, on the penultimate. 

|| Numicus. — 



-Our fleet Apollo sends 



" Where Tuscan Tiber rolls with rapid force, 
" And where Numicus opes his holy source." 

Dryden. 

IT Nimdina. — Lempriere places the accent on the pe- 
nultimate syllable of this word; but Labbe, Gouldman, 
and Holyoke, on the antepenultimate. Ainsworth marka 
it in the same manner among the appellatives, nor ca» 
there be any doubt of its propriety. 

1084 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



CEN 

C-A-RUS 

Oar -ses 

C-a-sis 

O-ax'-es 

O-ax'-us 

Ob-ul-tro'-ni-us 

O-ca'-lc a, or 

O-ca'-li-a 
*0-ce'-a-na 
O-ce-an'-i-des, and 

O-ce-an-it'-i-des 
O-ce'-a-nus 
O-co'-i-a 
O-cel'-lus 
O-co'-luin 
O'-cha 

O-che'-si-us 11 
O'-ehus 12 
Oc'-nus 
O-cric'-u-lum 
O-crid'-i-on 
O-cris'-i-a 
Oc-ta-cil'-Ii-ua 
Oc-ta'-vi-a 
Oc-ta-vi-a-nus 
Oc-ta'-vi-us 
Oc-toF-o-phum 
O-cy'-a-Ius 
O-cyp'-c-te 8 
O-cyr'-o-e 
Od-e-na'-tus 
O-des'-sus 
O-di'-nus 
O-di'-tes 
Od-o-a'-cer 
Od-o-man'-ti 3 
Od'-o-nes 
Od'-ry-sae 
O-dys'-se-a 
Od'-ys-sey, Eng. 
■|CE-ag'-a-ru3, and 

QE'-a-ger 5 
CE-an'-tha?, and 

CE-an'-thi-a 
CE'-ax 5 
CE-ha'-li-a 
(Eb'-a-lus 5 
CEb'-a-res 
CE-cha'-li-a 
CEc'-le-us 
CE-cli'-des 
CEc-u-rae'-ni-us 
O3d-i-po'-di-a 
CEd'-i-pus 5 
CE'-me 8 
GE-nan'-thea 
CE'-ne 
CE'-ne-a 
CE'-ne-n3 
CE-ni'-des 
CEn'-o-e 



OL 

CE-nom'-a-u8 
CE -non 
CE-no-na 7 
CE-no'-ne 8 
GE-no'-pi-a 
CE-nop-i-des 
CE-iio'-pi-on 
CEn'-o-tri 3 
GE-no'-tri-a 
CEn-o-trus 
GE-nu'-sa; 
OE'-o-nus 
CEr'-o-e 8 
CE-ta 7 
QEi'-y-.us, or 

GEt'-y-lum 
O-fel'-Ius 
O'-fi 3 
Og-dol'-a-pis 
Og-do'-rus 
Og'-nii-us 
Og'-o-a 7 
O-gul'-ni-a 
JOg'-y-ges 
O-gyg'-i-a 
Og'-y-ris 
O-ic'-le-us 
O-il'-^-us 
O-i-li'-des 
Ol'-a-ne 8 
O-la'-nus 
Ol'-ba, or Ol'-bus 
Ol'-bi-a 
Ol'-bi-us 
Ol-cbin'-i-um 
0-le'-a-ro3, or 

Ol'-i-ros 20 
O-le'-a-trum 
O'-len 
01 -e-nus, or 

Ol'-e-nuni 20 
Ol'-ga-sys 
Ol-i-gyr'-tis 
O-lin'-tbus 
Ol-i-tin'-gi 
Ol'-li-us 
Ol-lov'-i-co 
Ol'-mi-us 
O-lin'-i-ae 
Ol-o-phyx'-us 
O-lym'-pe-um 
O-lym'-pi-a 
O-lym'-pi-as 
O-lym-pi-o-do'-rus 
0-lym-pi-os'-lhe-ne3 
O-lym'-pi-us 
O-lym'-pus 
Ol-ym-pu'-sa 
0-lyn'-tbu3 
O-ly'-ras 
O-ly'-zon 



OR 

O-ma'-ri-us 
Om-bi 3 
Om'-bri 3 
Om'-o-le 
Om-o-pha'-gi-a 
^Om'-pha-Ie 
Om'-plia-los 
O-nae'-um, or 
O-ae'-ne-uin 
O-na'-rus 
O-nas'-i-mus 
O-na'-tas 
On-ches'-tus 
O-ne'-i-on 
O-nes'-i-mug 
On-e-sip'-pus 
O-ne'-si-us 10 
On-e-tor'-i-des 
On-e-sic'-ri-tus 
O-ni-um 
On'-o-ba 10 
O-noch'-o nu3 
On-o-mac'-ri-tus 
On-o-mar'-chus 
On-o-mas-tor'-i-dcs 
On-o-mas'-tus 
On'-o-phas 
On'-o-phis 
On-o-san'-der 
On-y-thes 
O-pa-li-a 
O-phe'-las 
O-phel'-tes 
O-phen'-sis 
0<-phi-a 
O-phi'-on 29 
O-phi-o'-ne-us 
O phi-u'-cus 
O-phi-u'-sa 
Op-i-ci 
O-pig'-e-na 
O'-pis 
O-pil'-i-us 
Op'-i-ter 
O-pim'-i-us 
Op-i-ter-gi'-ni 
O-pi'-tes 
Op'-pi-a 
Op-pi-a-nus 
Op-pi'-di-us 
Op'-pi-us 
O-pus 
Op-ta'-tus 
Op'-ti-mus 
O'-ra 7 
O-rac'-u-lum 
O-rae'-a 
Or'-a-sus 
Or-be'-lus 
Or-bil'-i-us 



OR 

Or-bo'-na 
Or'-ca-de3 
Or-cha -lis 
Or'-cha-mus 
Or-chom'-e-nus, or 

Or-chora'-e-num 
Or-cus 
Or-cyn'-i-a 
Or-des'-sua 
O-rs'-a-des 
O'-re-ads, Eng. 
O'-re-as 
O-res'-tai 
O-res'-tes 
O-res'-te-um 
Or-es-ti'-dae 
Or'-e-tae 
Or-e-ta'-ni 3 
Or-e-til'-i-a 
O-re'-um 
Or'-ga, or Or -gas 
Or-ges'-sum 
Or-get'-o-rix 
Or '-£i -a 
O-rib'-a-sus 
Or'-i-cum, or 

Or'-i-cus 
O'-ri-ens 
Or'-i-gen 
O-ri'-go 
O-ri'-nus 
0-ri-ob'-a-te3 
O-ri'-on 29 
O-ris'-sus 

Or-i-sul-la Liv-i-a 
O-ri'-tse 5 
O-rith-y-i'-a 
O-rit'-i-as 10 
O-ri-un'-dus 
Or'-me-nus 20 
Or'-ne-a 
Or'-ne-U3 
Or-ni-thon 
Or'-ni-tus 
Or-nos'-pa-des 
Or-nyt'-i-on 11 
O-ro'-bi-a 
O-ro'-des 
O-rce'-tes 
O-rom'-e-don 
O-ron'-tas 
O-ron-tes 
Or-o-pher-nes 
O-ro'-pus 
0-ro'-si-u3 11 
|IOr'-phe-us 
Or-sed'-i-ce 
Or-se-i3 
Or-sil'-lus 
Or-sil'-o-chus 



oz 

Or'-si-nes 4 
Or-sip'-pus 
Or'-ta-lus, M. 
Or-thag'-o-ra» 
Or'-the 8 
Or-th»'-a 
Or'-thi-a 4 7 
Or'-thrua 
Or-tyg'-i-a 
Or-tyg'-i-us 
O'-rus 

O-ry-an'-dor 
HO-ry'-us 
O'-ryx 

Os-cho-pho'-ri-a 
Os'-ci 3 
Os'-ci-ua 10 
Os'-cus 
O-sin'-i-us 
O-si'-rie 
O-sis'-mi-i 
Os'-pba-gus 
Os-rho-e'-ne 
Os'-sa 
Os-te-o'-des 
Os'-ti-a 
Os-to'-ri-us 
Os-trog'-o-thi 
Os-y-man'-dy-as 
Ot-a-cil'-i-us 
O-ta'-nes 
Oth'-ma-rus 
O'-tho, M. Sal'-vi-iis 
Oth-ry-o'-ne-u3 
O'-thrys 
O'-tre-us 
O-tri'-a-des 
O-trce'-da 
O'-tus 
O'-tys 
O-vid'-i-us 
Ov'-id, Eng. 
O-vin'-i-a 
O-vin'-i-us 
Ox-ar'-tes 
Ox-id'-a-tes 
Ox'-i-mes 
Ox-i'-o-nae 
Ox'-us 
Ox-y'-a-res 
Ox-y-ca'-nus 
Ox-yd'-ra-c» 
Ox'-y-lus 
Ox-yn'-thes 
Ox-yp'-o-rus 
Ox-y-rin-chi'-ttD 
Ox-y-ryn'-chus 
O-zi'-nes 
Oz'-o-lffi. or 
Oz'-o-li 



1 



PA 

PA-CA TI-A'-NUS 
21 

Pac'-ci-us 10 

Pa'-chcs 12 

Pa-chi'-nus 

Pa-co'-oi-us 

Pac-o-rus 

Pac-to'-lus 

Pac'-ty-as 



VJE 

Pac'-ty-es 

Pa-cu'-vi-us 

Pa-daV-i 3 

Pad'-u-a 

Pa'-dus 

Pa-du'-sa 

Pa>'-an 

Pac'-di-us 

Pje-ma'-ni 3 



PiE 

Pao'-on 

Pre'-o-nes 

Pna-o'-ni-a 

Pee-on'-i-des 

Pae'-os 

PaV-sos 

Paes'-tum 

Pa}-to'-vi-um 

Pae'-tus Cae-cin'-na 



PA 

Pag'-a-sae, or 

Pag'-a-sa 
Pag'-a-sus 
Pa'-gus 
Pa-la'-ci-um, or 

Pa-la'-ti-um 10 
Pa-lae'-a 
Pal-aa-ap'-o-lis 
Pa-los'-mon, or 



PA 

Pal'-e-mon 
Pa-Iaep'-a-phos 
Pa-lseph'-a-tus 
Pa-la?p'-o-Iis 
Pa-lnas'-te 
.' Pal-ae-sti'-na 
Pa-lcB-sti'-nus 
Pal-a-me'-des 
Pa-lan'-ti-a 10 



* Oceana. — So prone are the English to lay the accent 
on the penultimate of words of this termination, that 
we scarcely ever hear the lamous Oceana of Harrington 
pronounced otherwise. 

f QZajtarus.— This diphthong, like <z, is pronounced as 
the single vowel e. If the conjecture concerning the 
sound of (B was right, the middle sound between the o 
and e of the ancients must, in all probability, have been 
the sound of our a in water. — See the word ^Ea. 

X Opyges. — This word is by all our prosodists accent- 
ed on the first syllable, and, consequently, it must sound 
exactly as if written Odd'-je-jei ; and this, however odd 
to an English ear, must be complied with. 

§ Omphale. — The accentuation which a mere English 
speaker would give to this word was experienced a" few 



years ago by a pantomime called Hercules and Omphale, 
when the whole town concurred in placing the accent on 
the second syllable, till some classical scholars gave a 
check to this pronunciation by placing the accent on the 
first. This, however, was far from banishing the former 
manner, and disturbed the publick ear without correcting 
it. Those, however, who would not wish to be number- 
ed among the vulgar, must take eare to avoid the penul- 
timato accent. 
|| Orpheus.— See Idomeneus. 
IF Oryus. — 
" And, at once, Broteas and Oryus slew : 
" Oryus* mother, Mycale, was known 
"Down from her sphere to draw the lab'ring moon." 
QarWs Ovid. Met. 
1085 



'J 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



PA 

Pa-lan'-ti-um 10 
Pal-a-ti'-nus 
Pa'-le-is, or Pa'-las 
Pa'-les 

Pal-fu'-ri-us Su -ra 
Pa-li'-ci, or Pa-lis'-ci 
Pa-lil'-i-a 
Pal-i-nu'-rus 
Pal-i-sco'-rum, or 

Pal-i-co'-rum 
Pal'-la-des 
Pal-la'-di-um 
Pal-la'-di-us 
Pal-lan-te'-um 
Pal-!an'-ti-a3 
Pal-kn'-ti-des 
Pal-lan'-ti-on 28 
Pal'-las 
Pal-le'-ne 8 
Pal'-ma 
*Pal-my'-ra 
Pal-phu'-ri-us 
Pal-mi'-sos 
tParr. -rae-nes 
Pam'-mon 
Pam'-pa 
Pam'-phi-lus 
Pam'-phos 
Pam'-phy-la 
Pam-phyl'-i-a 
Pan 

Pan-a-ce'-a 
Pa-naV-ti-us 10 
Pan'-a-res 
Pan-a-ris'-te 
Pan-ath-e-nae'-a 
Pan-chae'-a, or 

Pan-che'-a, or 

Pan-cha'-i-a 
Pan'-da 
Pan'-da-ma 
Pan da'-ri-a 
Pan'-da-rus 
Pan'-da-tes 
Pan-de'-mus 
Pan'-di-a 
Pan'-di-on 11 
Pan-do'-ra 
Pan-do'-si-a 11 
Pan'-dro-sos 
Pan'-e-nus, or 

Pa-nae'-us 
Pan-gae'-us 
Pa-ni'-a-sis 
Pa-ni-o'-ni-um 
Pa'-ni-us 20 
Pan-no'-ni-a 
Pan-om-phas'-us 
Pan'-o-pe, or 

Pan-o-pe'-a 
Pan'-o-pes 
Pa-no'-pe-us 
Pa-no'-pi-on 
Pa-nop'-o-lis 
Pa-nor'-mus 
Pan'-sa, C. 
Pan-tag-nos'-tus 
Pan-ta'-gy-as 
Pan-ta'-le-on 
Pan-tau'-chus 



PA 

Pan'-te-us 
Pan'-thi-des 
Pan-the'-a 
|Pan'-the-on 
Pan'-the-us, or 

Pan'-tlias 
Pan-tho'-i-des 4 
Parr-ti-ca-pae'-um 
Pan-tic'-a-pes 
Pan-til'-i-us 
Pa-ny'-a-sis 
Pa-ny'-a-sus 
Pa-pae'-us 
Pa-pha'-ges 
Pa'-phi-a 
Paph-la-go'-ni -a 
Pa'-phos 
Paph'-us 
Pa-pi-a'-nus 
§Pa'-pi-as 
Pa-pin-i-a'-nus 
Pa-pin'-i-us 
Pa-jiir'-i-a 
Pa-pir'-i-us 
Pap'-pus 
Pa-pyr'-i-us 
Par-a-bys'-toh 
Par-a-di'-sus 
Pa-raet'-a-cse 
Par-ae-to'-ni-um 
Par'-a-li 3 
Par'-a-lus 
Pa-ra'-si-a 11 
Pa-ra'-si-us 11 
Par'-caB 
Par'-is 
Pa-ris'-a-des 
Pa-ris'-i-i 4 
Par'-i-sus 
Pa'-ri-um 
Par'-ma 1 
Par-men'-i-des 
Par-me'-ni-o 
Par-nas'-sus 
Par'-nes 
Par-nes'-sus 
Par'-ni 3 
Pa'-ron 
Par-o-re'-i-a 
Pa'-ros 

Par-rha'-si-a 10 
Par-rha'-si-us 10 
Par-tha-mis'-i-ris 
Par-tha'-on 
Par-the'-ni-a 
Par-the'-ni-ae, and 

Par-the'-ni-i 4 
Par-the'-ni-on 
Par-the'-ni-us 
Par'-the-non 
Par-then-o-pae'-us 
Par-then'-o-pe 8 
Par'-thi-a 
Par-thy-e'-ne 
Pa-rys'-a-des 
||Par-y-sa'-tis 
Pa-sar-ga-da 
Pa'-se-as 
Pas'-i-cles 
Pa-sic'-ra-tes 



PE 

Pa-siph'-a-e 

Pa-sith'-e-a 

Pa-sit'-i-gris 

Pas'-sa-ron 

Pas-si-e'-nus 

Pas'-sus 

Pat'-a-ra 

Pa-ta'-vi-um 

Pa-ter'-cu-lus 

Pa-tiz'-i-thes 

Pat'-mos 

Pa-traj 

Pa'-tro 

Pa-tro'-cles 

Pa-tro'-cli 

ITPa-tro'-elus 

Pat-ro-cli'-des 

Pa'-tron 

Pat'-ro-us 

Pa-tul'-ci-us 10 

Pau'-la 

Pau-li'-na 7 

Pau-li'-nus 

Pau'-lus iE-myl'-i-us 

Pau-sa'-ni-as 

Pau'-si-as 11 

Pa'-vor 

Pax 

Pax'-os 

Pe'-as 

Pe-da'-ci-a 10 

Pe-dae'-us 

Pe-da'-ni 

Pe-da'-ni-us 

Paed'-a-sus 

Pe-di'-a-dis 

Pe-di-a'-nus 

Pe'-di-as 

Pe'-di-us Blae' sus 

Pe'-do 

Pe'-dum 

Pe-gas'-i-des 

Peg'-a-sis 

Peg'-a-sus 

Pel'-a-gon 

Pe-lar'-ge 

Pe-las'-gi 3 

Pe-las'-gi-a, or 

Pe-las-gi'-o-tis 
Pe-las'-gus 
Pel-e-thro'-ni-i 4 
Pe'-Ie-us 
Pe-li'-a-des 
Pe'-li-as 
Pe-li'-des 
Pe-lig'-ni 
Pe-lig'-nus 
Pel-i-nae'-us 
Pel-i-nae'-urn 
Pe'-li-on 
Pe'-Ii-um 
Pel'-la 
Pel-la' nae 
Pel-le' ne 
Pel-o pe' a, or 

Pel-o-pi' a 
Pel o-pe'-i-a 
Pe-lop -i-das 
Pel-o-pon-ne -sus 
Pe'-lops 



PE 

Pe'-lor 

Pe-Io'-ri-a 
Pe-lo'-rum, or 

Pe-lo -rus 
Pe-lu'-si-um 10 
Pe-na'-tes 
Pen-da'-li-um 
Pe-ne'-i-a, Pen'-e-is 
Pe-ne'-li-us 
Pe-nel'-o-pe 
Pe'-nd-us, or 

Pe-ne'-us 
Pen'-i-das 
Pen-tap'-o-lis 
Pen-the-si-le'-a 
Pen'-the-us 
Pen -thi-lus 
Pen'-thy-lus 
Pep-ar-e'-thos 
Peph-re'-do 
Pe-rffi'-a 7 
Per-a-sip'-pus 
Per-co'-pe 8 
Per-co'-si-us 11 
Per-co'-te 
Per-dic'-cas 
Per'-dix 
Pe-ren'-na 
Pe-ren'-nis 
Pe'-re-us 
Per'-ga 
Per'-ga-mus 
Per'-ge 8 
Per'-gus 
Pe-ri-an'-der 
Pe-ri-ar'-chus 
Per-i-boe'-a 
Per-i-bo'-rai-us 
Per'-i-cles 
Per-i-clym'-e-nus 
Pe-rid'-i-a 
Pe-ri-e-ge'-tes 
Pe-ri-e'-res 
Pe-rig'-e-nes 
Pe-rig'-o-ne 
Per-i-la'-us 
Per-i-le'-us 
Pe-ril'-la 
Pe-ril'-lus 
Per-i-me'-de 8 
Per-i-me'-la 
Pe-rin'-thus 
Per-i-pa-tet'-i-ci 3 
Peri-i-pa-let-icks, 

Eng. 
Pe-riph'-a-nes 
Per'-i-phas 
Pe-riph'-a-tus 
Per-i-phe'-mus 
Per-pho-re'-tus 
Pe-ris'-a -des 
Pe-ris'-l he-nes 
Pe-rit' a-nus 
Per'-i-tas 
Per-i-to'-ni-um 
Pe'-ro, or Per'-o-ne 
Per'-o-e 8 
Per-mes'-sus 
Per'-o-la 
Per-pen'-na, M. 



PH 

Per-pe-re'-ne 

Per-ran ! -thes 

Per-rhae'-bi-a 

Per'-sa, or Per-se' is 

Per'-sae 

Per-ss'-us 

Per-se'-e 

Per-se '-is 

Per-seph'-o-ne 

Per-sep'-o-lis 

Per'-se-us, or 

Per'-ses 
Per'-se-us 
Per'-si-a 10 
Per'-sis 

Per'-si-us Flac'-cus 
Per'-ti-nax 
Pe-ru'-si-a 10 
Pes-cen'-ni-us 
Pes-si'-nus 
Pe-ta'-li-a 
Pet'-a-lus 
Pe-te'-li-a 
Pet-e-li'-nus 
Pe-te'-on 
Pe'-te-us 
Pe-til'-i-a 
Pe-til'-i-i 3 
Pe-til'-i-us 
Pet-o-si'-ris 
Pe'-tra 
Pe-trae'-a 
Pe-tre'-i-us 
Pe-tri'-num 
Pe-tro'-ni-a 
Pe-tro'-ni-us 
Pet'-ti-us 
Peu'-ce 8 
Peu-ces'-tes 
Peu-ce'-ti-a 10 
Peu-ci'-ni 4 
Peu-co-la'-us 
Pex-o-do'-rus 
Phae'-a 

Phae-a'-ci-a 10 
Phae'-ax 
Phasd'-i-mus 
Phae'-don 
Phae'-dra 
Phffi'-dri-a 
Phae'-drus 
Phred'-y-ma 5 
Phae-mon'-o-e 
Phaen-a-re'-te 
Phae'-ni-as 
Phaen'-na 
Phaen'-nis 
Phae-oc'-o-mes 
Phaes'-a-na 
Phaes'-tum 
Pha'-e-ton 
Pha-e-ton-ti'-a-des 
Pha-e-tuVsa 
Phae'-us 

Pha-ge'-si-a 10 
Pha'-lae 
Pha-lae'-cus 
Pha-la3'-si-a 11 
Pha-lan'-thus 
Phal'-a-ris 






* Palmyra.— Nothing can be better fixed in an English 
ear than the penultimate accentuation of this word : this 
pronunciation is adopted by Ainswoith and Lempriere. 
Gouldman and Holyoke seem to look the other way ; but 
Labbe says the more learned give this word the antepe- 
nultimate accent, and that this accent is more agreeable 
to the general rule. Those, however, must be pedantick 
coxcombs, who should attempt to disturb the received 
pronunciation when in English, because a contrary ac- 
centuation may possibly be proved to be more agreeable 
to Greek or Latin. 

t Pummenes. — I find this word nowhere but in Lem- 
priere, who accents it on the penultimate; but, as all 
words of this termination have the antepenultimate 
accent, till this appears an exception, I shall venture to 
alter it. 

I Pantheon. — This word is universally pronounced 
with the accent on the second syllable in English, but in 
Latin it has its first syllable accented, and this accent- 
uation makes so slight a difference to the ear, that it ought 
to have the preference. 



§ Papias. — This is the name of an early Christian 
writer, who first propagated the doctrine of the Millenni- 
um ; and it is generally pronounced with the accent on 
the second syllable, but I believe corruptly, since Labbe 
has adopted the antepenultimate accent, who must be 
well acquainted with the true pronunciation of ecclesias 
tical characters. 

|| Parysatis.— Labbe tells us that some prosodists con- 
tend that this word ought to be accented on the antepe- 
nultimate syllable, and we find Lempriere has so accented 
it; but so popular a tragedy as Alexander, which every 
where accents the penultimate, has fixed this pronun- 
ciation in our own country beyond a doubt. 

IT Patroclus. — Lempriere, Ainsworth, Gouldman, and 
Holyoke, accent the penultimate syllable of this word; 
but Labbe the antepenultimate: our Gradnses pronounce 
it either way; but I do not hesitate to prefer the penul- 
timate accent ; and, till some good reason be given for the 
contrary, I think Patrocles the historian, and Patrocli a 
small island, ought to be pronounced with the surae- 
accent as the friend of Achilles. 
1086 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



PH 

Pha'-nas 
1'lml -a-rua 
Phal -oi-don 
Pha'-le-as 
*'Pha-le'-re-us 
Pha-le'-ria 
Pha-le'-ron, or 

Phal-e-rum 
Pha-le'-rus 
Pha-li-aa 
Phul'-li-ca 
Pha-lys'-i-us 10 
Pha-mr'-ua 
Phan a-ra)'-a 
Pha'-nes 
Phan'-o-cles 
Phun-o-de'-mua 
Phan-ta'-si-a 10 
Plui -nus 
Pit a -on 
Pha'-ra 

Pha-rac'-i-des 24 
Pha'-aer, or Phe'-rae 
Pha-ras'-ma-nes 
Pha'-rax 
Pha'-ria 

Phar-me-cu'-sa 
Phar-na-ba'-zus 
Phar-na'-ce-a 
♦Phar-na'-ces 
Phar-na-pa'-tes 
Phar-naa— pea 
J'liar'-nue 
Plia'-ros 
Pliar-sa'-li-a 
Phar'-te 
Pha'-rus 
Pha-ru'-si-i, or 

Pliau-ra'-si-i 4 
I ha'-si-aa 
Plmr'-y-bua 
i i.a-ryc'-a-don 
! iiar'-y-ge 
i'lia-se'-lis 
1 ha-si-a'-na 
Plia'-sis 
Phas'-sus 
Phau'-da 
Phav-o-ri'-nus 
Fha-yl'-lus 
Phe'-a, or Phe'-i-a 
Phe-ca'-dum 
Phe'-ge-us, or 

Phle'-ge-us 
Phel'-li-a 
Phel'-lo-e 
Phel'-lus 
Phe'-mi-us 
Phe-mon'-o-e 8 
Phe-ne'-um 
Phe'-ne-us (lacus) 
Phe'-rac 
Phe-rae'-us 
Phe-rau'-les 
Phe-rec'-lus 
Phe-rec'-ra-tes 
Pher-€-cy'-des 
Phe-ren-da'-tes 
Vher-e-ni'-ce 29 
Phe'-res 
Phe-re'-ti-a3 10 
Pher-e-ti'-ma 



PH 

Pher'-i-num 
Phe'-ron 
Phi'-a-lo 
Phi-a'-li-a, or 
Phi-ga'-li-a 
Phi'-a-lus 
Phic'-o-ros 
Phid'-i-aa 
Phid'-i-lo 
Phi-tlip'-pi-dea 
Phi-dit'-i-a 10 
Phi'-don 
Phid'-y-le 
Pliig-a'-le-i 
Phi'-la 

Phil-a-del'-phi-a 
Pliil-a-del'-phus 

Phi'-lfB 

Phi-lae'-ni 

Phi-la^-us 

Phi-lam'-mon 

Phi-lar'-chua 12 

Phi-le'-mon 

Phi-le'-no 8 

Phi-le'-ris 

Phil'-e-roa 

Plii-le'-si-us 19 

Phil-e-tae'-rus 

Phi-le'-taa 

Phi-le'-ti-us 10 

Phil'-i-das 

Phil'-i-des 

Phi-lin'-na 

Phi-li'-nus 

Phi-Iip'-pe-i 

Phi-lip'-pi 

Phi-lip'-pi-des 

Phi-lip'-po-lis 

Phi-lip-pop'-o-lis 

Phi-lip'-pus 

Phi-lis'-cua 

Phi-lis'-ti-6n 11 

Phi-lis'-tus 

Phil'-lo 

Phi'-lo 

Philo-boe'-o-tus 

Phi-loch'-o-rus 

Phil'-o-clea 

Phi-loc'-ra-tes 

Phil-oc-te'-tes 

Phil-o-cy'-prus 

Phil-o-da-me'-a 

Phil-o-de'-mus 

Phi-lod'-i-ce 

Phil-o-la'-us 

Phi-lol'-o-gua 

Phi-iom'-a-che 

Phi-lom'-bro-tua 

JPhil-o-me'-di-a 

Phil-o-me'-dus 

Phil-o-me'-la 

Phil-o-me'-lus 

Phi'-lon 

Phi-lon'-i-dea 

Phil'-o-nis 

Phi-lon'-o-e 8 

Phi-lon'-o-me 

Phi-lon'-o-mus 

Phil'-o-nus 

Phi-lop'-a-tor 

Phil'-o-phron 

Phil-o-pce'-men 



PH 

Phi-los'-tra-tua 

Phi-lo'-tas 

Phi-lot'-e-ra 

Phi-lot'-i-rau8 

Phi-lo'-tis 

Plii-lox'-e-nus 

Phi-lyl'-li-us 

Phil'-y-ra 

Pbil'-y-rea 

Phi-lyr'-i-dea 

Plii-ne'-us 

Phin'-ta 

Phin'-ti-as 10 

Phla 

Phleg'-e-laa 

Plileg'-e-thon 

Plile'-gi-as 

Phle'-gon 

Phle'-gra 

Phle'-gy-e 6 8 

Phle'-gy-as 

Phli'-as 

Phli'-us 

Phl<p'-US 

Pho-be'-tor 
Pho-cae'-a 
Pho-cen'-ses, and 

Pho'-ci-ci 3 10 
Pho-cil'-i-des 
Pho'-c.i-on 10 
Pho'-cis 
Pho'-cus 
Pho-cyl'-i-des 
Phce'-be 
Phoe'-be-um 
Phcfib'-i-daa 
Phoe-big'-e-na 
Phoe'-bus 
Plioe'-mos 
Phce-ni'-ce 29 
Phre-nic'-i-a 10 
Phce-nic'-e-us 
Plioe-nic'-i-des 
PhoE-ni'-cus 
Phcen-i-cu'-sa 
Phoe-nis'-sa 
Pho3'-nix 
Phol'-o-e 
Pho'-lus 
Phor'-bas 
Phor'-cus, or 

Phor'-cya 
Phor'-mi-o 
Phor'-mis 
Pho-ro'-ne-ua 
Pho-ro'-nis 
Pho-ro'-ni-um 
Pho-ti'-nu3 
Pho'-ti-ua 10 
Phox'-us 
Phra-a'-tea 
Pbra-at'-i-ces 
Phra-da'-tea 
Pbra-gan'-de 
Phra-ha'-tea 
Phra-nic'-a-tes 
Phra-or'-tes 
Phras'-i-clea 
Phras'-i-mus 
Phra'-si-ua 10 
Phra-ta-pher'-nea 
Phri-a-pa'-ti-us 10 



PI 

jPhrix'-ua 
I Phron'-i-ma 

IPhron'-tia 
Phru'-ri 3 
. Phry'-gea 6 
, Pliryg'-i-a 
iPliry'-no 6 8 
IPhryn'-i-chus 
i Phry'-nia 
|Phry-no 

Phryx'-ua 

Phthi'-a 14 

Phthi-o'-tia 

Phy'-a 

Phy'-cua 

Phyl'-a-ce 

Phyl'-a-cua 

Phy-lar'-cuB 

Phy'-laa 

Phy'-le 

Phyl-e-ia 20 

Phy-le'-us 

Phyl'-i ra 

Phyl'-la 

Phyl-la'-li-a 

Phyl-le'-i-ua 

Phyl'-lia 

Phyl'-li-us 

Phyl-lod'-o-ce 

Phyl'-los 

Phyl'-lua 

Phy-scel'-la 

Phy-rom'-a-chu8 

Phys'-co-a 

Phys'-con 

Thys'-coa 

Phya'-cus 

Fhy-tal'-i-dea 

Phyt'-a-lua 

Phy'-ton 

Phyx'-i-um 

Pi'-a, or Pi-a'-li-a 

Pi'-a-aua 

Pi-ce'-ni 3 

Pi-cen'-ti-a 10 

Pic-en-ti'-ni 4 

Pi-ce'-num 

Pi'-cra 

Pic'-tae, or Pic'-ti 

Pic-ta'-vi, or 
Pict'-o-ne8 

Pic-ta'-vi-um 

Pic'-tor 

Pi'-cua 

Pi-do'-ru8 

Pid'-y-tes 

Pi f -e-lua 

Pi'-e-ra 

Pi-e'-ri-a 

Pi-er'-i-des 

Pi'-e-ris 

Pi'-e-rus 

Pi'-e-tas 

Pi'-gres 

Pi-lum'-nua 

Pim'-pla 

Pim-plc'-i-dea 

Pim-ple'-e-des 

Pim-pra'-na 

Pin'-a-re 

Pi-na'-ri-us 

Pin'-d a-rua 



PL 

Pin'-da-sua 
Pin-de-nia'-8U8 
Pin'-dua 
Pin'-na 
Pin'-thi-as 
I Pi-o'-ni-a 
I Pi-rce'-us, or 
j Pi-rse'-e-us 
Pi-re'-ne 
' Pi-rith'-o-us 
Pi'-rua 
Pi'-aa 
Pi'-sae 
Pi-sae'-ua 
Pi-aan'-der 

Pi-sa'-tea, or Pi-aaV i 

Pi-aau'-rus 

Pi-se'-nor 

Pis'-c-ua 

Pis'-i-as 10 

Pi-si'-di-a 

Pi-sid'-i-ce 

Pi'-aia 

Pis-is-trat'-i-da? 

Pis-is-trat'-i-des 

Pi-aia'-tra-tus 

Pi'-so 

Pi-so-nis 

Pia'-ai-rus 

Pis'-tor 

Pi'-sua 

Pi-suth'-nes 

PitM-ne 

Pith-e-cu'-sa 

Pith'-e-ua 

Pi'-tho 

Pith-o-la'-us 

Pi-tho'-le-on 

Pi'-thon 

Pi'-thys 

Pit'-ta-cu3 

Pit'-the-a 

Pit-the'-ia 

Pit'-the-us 

Pit-n-a'-ni-us 

Pit-u-la'-ni 3 

Pit-y-ae'-a 

Pit-y-as'-aua 

Pit-y-o-ne'-aus 

Pit-y-u'-sa 

Pla-cen'-ti-a 10 

Plac-i-de-i-a'-nua 

Pla-cid'-i-a 

Pla-cid'-i-ua 

Pla-na'-si-a 10 

Plan-ci'-na 

Plan'-cus 

Pla-tae'-a 

Pla-taV-33 

Pla-^a'-ni-ua 

Pla'-to 

Plau'-ti-a 10 

Plau'-ti-ns 

Plau-ti-a'-nus 

Plau-ske-a'-aus 

Plau-ti!'-ia 

PJau'-tua 

§Plei'-a-dea 

Plei'-o-ne 

Plem-myr'-i-um 

Plem'-ne-u8 29 

Pleu-ra'-tua 



* Phalcreus. — There is some doubt among the learned 
whether this word ought to be pronounced in three or 
four syllables ; that ia, aa Phal-e-reus or Pha-le-re-us. 
The hitter mode, however, with the accent on the ante- 
penultimate, seems to be the most eligible. 

t Pharnaces. — All our prosodists accent the antepe- 
nultimate syllable of this word; but an English ear ia 
■strongly inclined to accent the penultimate, &sin Jlrbaces 
and rfrsaces, which see. 

[ Philomedia. — 

" Nor le3a by Philomedia known on earth ; 
" A name deriv'd immediate from her birth." 

Cooke's Hesiod. Theog. v. 311. 

*§ Pleiades. — 

" When with their domes the alow-pac'd snaila retreat 
" Beneath some foliage from the burning heat 



" Of the Pleiades, your tools prepare ; 

" The ripen'd harvest, then deservea your care." 

Cooke's Hesiod, Works and Days. 

The translator has adhered strictly to the original 
IlX?7i'a<$£? in making this word four syllables. Virgil haa 
done the same : 

" Ple'iadas, Hyadaa, claramque Lycaonis Arcton." 
Oeorgic. I. 
But Ovid has contracted this word into three ay Hailes: 
" Pleiades incipiunt humeros relevare paternos." 
Fasti, iv. p. 169. 

The latter translators of the classicks have generally 
contracted thia word to three syllables. Thus in Ogil- 
by's tranalation of Virgil'a Georgicka, b. 1. 

" First let the eastern Pleiades go down, 
" And the bright 3tar in Ariadno'a crown." 
1087 



'/ 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



PO 

Pleu'-ron 

Plex-au'-re 

PJex ip -pus 

Plin'-i-as 

Plin<-y, Eng^ 

Plin-thi'-ne 

Plis-tar'-chus 

Plis'-tha-nus 

Plis'-the-nes 

Plis-ti'-nus 

Plis-to'-a-nax 

Plis-to'-nax 

Plis-to-ni'-ces 30 

Plo'-tas 

Plo-ti'-na 

Plot-i-nop'-o-lis 

Plo-ti'-ous 

Plo'-ti-us 10 

Plu-tar'-chus 

Plu'-tarch, Eng. 

Plu'-ti-a 10 

Plu'-to 

Plu-to'-ni-um 

Piu'-tus 

Plu'-vi-us 

Pl\n-te'-ri-a 

Pn'ig'-e-us 13 

Pob-Iic'-i-us 24 

Pod-a-Iir'-i-us 

Po-Jar'-ce 8 

Po-dar'-ces 

Po-da'-res 

Po-dar'-ge 

Po-dar'-gus 

Poe'-as 

PcEc'-i-le 24 

Pcc'-ni 3 

Poe'-on 

Poe-o'-ni-a 

Poi'-US 

Po'-gon 

Po'-la 

Pol-e-mo-cra'-ti-a 

Pol'-e-mon 

Po-le'-nor 

Po'-li-as 

Po-li-or-ce'-tes 

Po-lis'-ma 

Po-lis'-tra-tus 

Po-li'-tes 

Pol-i-to'-ri-um 

Po!-Ien'-ti-a 10 

Pol-lin'-e-a 

Pol'-li-o 

Pol'-Iis 



PO 

Pol'-li-us Fe'-lix 

Pol-lu'-ti-a 10 

Pol'-lux 

Po'-lus 

Po-lus'-ca 

Pol-y-ae'-nus 

Pol -y-nus 

Pol-y-ar'-chus 

Po-]yb'-i-das 

Po-lyb'-i-us, or 

Pol'-y-bus 
Poi-y-hce'-e. 
Pol-y-bce'-tes 
Pol-y-bo'-tes 
Pol-y-ca'-on 
Pol-y-car'-pus 
Pol-y-cas'-te 
ro-lych'-a-res 
Pol-y-cle'-a 
Pol'-y-cles 
Pol-y-cle'-tus 
Po-lyc'-ra-tes 
Pol-y-cre'-ta, or 

Pol-y-cri'-ta 
Po-lyc'-ri-tus 
Po-Iyc'-tor 
Pol-y-daV-mon 
Po-lyd'-a-mas 
Pol-y-dam'-na 
Pol-y-dec-'-tes 
Pol-y-deu-ce'-a 
Pol-y-do'-ra 
Pol-y-do'-rus 
Pol-y-avmon'-i-des 
Pol-y-gi'-ton 
Po-lyg'-i-us 
Pol-yg-no'-tus 
Po-lyg'-o-nus 
Pol-y-hym'-ni-a, and 

Po-lym'-ni-a 
Po]-y-id'-i-u9 
Pol-y-la'-us 
Po-lym'-e-nes 
Pol-y-me'-de 
Po-]ym'-o-don 
Pol-y-me'-la 
Pol-ym-nes'-tes 
Pol-ym-nes'-tor 
Pol-y-ni'-ces 
Po-lyn'-o-e 
Pol-y-pe-mon 
Pol-y-per-chon 
Pol-y-phe-mus 
Pol'-y-pheme, Eng. 
Pol-y-phon'-tcs 



PO 

Pol'-y-phron 
Pol-y-pos'-tes 
Po-lys'-tra-tus 
Pol-y-tech'-nus 
Pol-y-ti-me'-tua 
Po-lyt'-i-on 10 
Po-lyt'-ro-pus 
Po-lyx'-e-na 
Pol-yx-en'-i-das 
Po-lyx-e-nus 
Po-lyx'-o 
Pol-y-ze'-lus 
Pom-ax-ae'-thres 
Po-me'-ti-a 10 
Po-me'-ti-i 3 
Pom-e -ti'-na 
Po-mo'-na 
Pom-pe'-i-a5 
Pom-pei-a'-nus 
Pom-pe'-i-i. or 
Pom pci'-um 
Pom-pei-op'-o-lis 
Pom-pe'-i-us 
Pom-pil'-i-a 
Pom-pil'-i-us Nu'-ma 
Pom-pi '-1 us 
Pom-pi9'-cus 
Pom-po'-ni-a 
Pom-po'-ni-us 
Pom-po-si-a'-nus 
Pomp-ti'-ne 
Pomp-ti'-nu3 
Pom'-pus 
Pon'-ti-a 10 
Pon'-ti-cum Ma'-re 
Pon'-ti-cus 
Pon-ti'-na 
Pon-ti'-nus 
Pon'-ti-us 10 
Pon'-tus 

Pon'-tus Eu-xi-nus 
*Po-pil'-i-us Las'-nas 
Pop-lic'-o-la 
Pop-pae'-a Sa-bi'-na 
Pop-paa'-us 
Pop-u-lo'-ni-a 
Por'-ci-a 10 
Por'-ci-us 10 
Po-red'-o-rax 
Po-ri'-na 
Por-o-se-le'-ne 
Por-phyr'-i-on 
Por-phyr'-i-us 
Por'-ri-ma 
Por-sen'-na, or 



PR 

Por'-se-na 
Por'-ti-a, and 

Por'-ti-us 10 
Port'-mos 
Por-tum-na'-li-a 
Por-tum'-nu8 
Po'-rus 
Po-si'-des 
Pos-i-de'-um 
Po-si'-don 
Pos-i-do'-ni-a 
Pos-i-do'-ni-us 
Po'-si-o 10 
Post-hu -mi a 
Post-hu'-mi us 
Pos-tu'-mi us 
Post-ver'-ta 
Po-tam'-i-des 
Pot'-a-mon 
Po-thi'-nus 
Po'-thos 
Pot-i-dae'-a 
Po-ti'-na 
Po-tit'-i-us 24 
Pot'-ni-ae 
Prac'-ti-um 10 
Proe'-ci-a 10 
Prs-nes'-te 
Praa'-sos 
Prae'-sti 3 
PraV-tor 
Prae-to'-ri-us 
Prae-tu'-ti-um 10 
Piat'-i-nas 
Prax-ag'-o-ras 
Prax'-i-as 
Prax-id'-a-mas 
Prax-id'-i-ce 
Prax'-i-la 
Prax-iph'-a nes 
Prax' is 
Prax-it'-e-los 
Prax-ith'-e-a 
Pre-u'-ge-nes 
Prex-as'-pes 
Pri-am'-i-des 
Pri'-a-mus 
Pri-a'-pus 
Pri-e'-ne 
Pri'-ma 
Pri'-on 
Pris-cil'-la 
Pris'-cus 
Pris'-tis 
Pri-ver'-nus 



PR 

Pri-vef-num 
Pro'-ba 
Pro'-bus, M. 
Pro'-cas 
Proch'-o-rus 
Proch'-y-ta 
Pro-cil'-i-us 
Pro-cil'-ia 
Pro-cil'-lus 
Proc'-le-a 
Pro'-cle3 
Proc -ne 
Pro-cli'-dae 
Proc-on-ne'-sus 
Pro-co'-pi-us 
Pro'-cris 
Pro-crus'-tes 
Proc'-u-la 
Proc-u-le'-i-us 5 
Proc -u-lus 
Pro'-cy-on 
Prod'-i-cus 
Pro-er'-na 
Proet'-i-dea 
Proe'-tus 
Prog'-ne 
Pro-la'-us 
Prom'-a-chus 
rro-math'-i-das 
Pio-ma'-thi-on 
Prom'-e-don 
Prom-e-nre'-a 
Pro-me'-the-i 
Pro-me'-the-us 2S 
Pro-me'-this, and 
Prom-o-thi'-des 
Prom'-e-thus 
Prom'-u-lus 
Pro-nap'-i-des 
Pro'-nax 
Pron--o-e 
Pron'-o-mus 
Pron'-o-us 
Pron'-u-ba 
Pro-per'-ti-us 
Pro-poet '-i-des 
Pro-pon'-tis 
Prop-y-le'-a 
Pros-chys'-ti-us 10 
Pro-ser'-pi-na 28 
Pros'-er-pinc, Eng 
Pros-o-pi'-tis 
Pro-sym'-na 
Pro-tag'-o-ras 
Prot-a-gor'-i-de3 



"The Pleiades nm y Hyades appear ; 

" The sad companii ns of the turning year." 

Creech's Manilius. 

But Dryden has, to the great detriment of the poetical 
sound of this word, anglicised it, by squeezing it into two 
syllables : 

" What ara to him the sculpture of the shield, 
"Heav'n's planets, earth, and ocean's wat'ry field, 
" The Pleiads, Hyads. less and greater Bear, 
" Undipp'd in seas, Orion's angry star !" 

Ovid's Met. b. 12. 

This unpleasant contraction of Dryden's seems not to 
have been much followed. Elegant speakers are pretty 
uniform in preferring the trisyllable; but a considerable 
variety appears in the sound of the diphthong ei. Most 
speakers pronounce it like the substantive eye ; and this 
pronunciation is defended by the common practice in 
most schools, of sounding the diphthong ei in thi3 man- 
ner in appellatives ; but though Greek appellatives pre- 
serve the original sound of their letters, as tyikavria, 
npopdrtov. k. r. A., where the t does not slide into sh, as 
in Latin words ; yet proper names, which are transplant- 
ed into all languages, partake of the soil into which they 
are received, and fall in with the analogies of the lan- 
guage which adopts them. There is, therefore, no more 
reason for preserving the sound of ei in proper names, 
than for pronouncing the c like h in Phocion, Lacedmmon, 

&.C. 

But perhaps it will be said, that our diphthong ei has 
the sound of eye as well as the Greek a. To which it 
may be answered, that this is an irregular sound of these 
voweis, and can scarcely be produced as an example, 
since it exists but in either, neither, height, and sleight. 



The two first words are more frequently and analogically 
pronounced eether, neether ,• and height is often pronounc- 
ed so as to rhyme with weight, and would, in all proba- 
bility, be always so pronounced, but for the false supposi- 
tion, that the abstract must preserve the sound of the 
verb or adjective from which it is derived ; and with res- 
pect to sleight, though Dr. Johnson says it ought to be 
written slight, as we sometimes see it, yet, if we observe " 
his authorities, we shall find that several respectable au- 
thors spelt the vvord in this manner; and if we consult 
Junius and Skinner, particularly the last, we shall see 
the strongest reason from etymology to prefer this spell 
ing, as in all probability it comes from sly. The analogi 
cal pronunciation, therefore, of this diphthong in our own 
language is either as heard in vein, rein, &c, or in per 
ceive, receive, &c. The latter is adopted by many speak- 
ers in the present word, as if written Pleeades ; but Ply- 
ade.i, though less analogical, must be owned to be the 
more polite and literary pronunciation. — See note on Ele 
geia in the Terminational Vocabulary. 

* Popilius Lmnas.- Nothing can show the dignify of 
the Roman commonwealth and the terrour of its arms 
more than the conduct of this man. He was sent as an 
ambassadour to Antiochus, king of Syria, and was com- 
missioned to order that monarch to abstain from hostili- 
ties against Ptolemy, king of Egypt, who was an ally of 
Rome. Antiochus, who was at the head of his army 
when he received this order, wished toevade it by equivo- 
cal answers; but Popilius, with a stick which he had in his 
hand, made a circle round him on the sand, and bade him, 
in the name of the Roman senate and people, not to go be- 
yond it before he spoke decisively. This boldness intimi- 
dated Antiochus: he withdrew his garrisons from Egypt, 
and no longer meditated a war against Ptolemy. 

1088 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



PS 

Pro'-te-i Co-lum'-i 

Pro-tes-i-la'-us 

Pro'-te-us 

*Pro-tho-e -nor 

Pro'-t he-us 

Protli'-o-u3 

Pro'-to 

Prot-o-ge-ne'-a 

Pro-tog'-e-nes 

fProt-o-ge-ni'-a 

jPro-to-me-di'-a 

Prot-o-me-du'-sa 

Prox'-e-nus 

Pru-den'-ti-us 10 

Prum'-iii-des 

Pru'-sa 

Pru-siE'-us 

Pru'-si-as 10 

Prym'-no 

Prvt'-a-nes 

Pryt-a-ne'-um 

Pr'yt'-a-nis 

Psam'-a-the 15 

Psam'-a-thos 



15 



PU 

Psam-me-ni'-tus 

Psam-mut'-i-chua 

Psnm'-inia 

Paa'-phis 

Paa'-pho 15 

Psu'-caa 

Pso'-phis 

P.-y'-che 12 

Psvch'-rus 

Pavl'-H 3 15 

Pte-le-um 16 

Pter-e-Ja'-us 

Pte'-ri-a 

Ptol-e-der'-ma 

Ptol-e-mje'-um 

Ptol-e-map'-us ■ 

Ptol'-e-my, Eng. 

Tol'-e-me 16 

Ptol-e-ma'-is 

Ptol-y-cus 

Pto'-us 

Pub-lic'-i-us 

Pub-lie -i-a - 24 

Pub-lic-o-la 



PY 

Pllb'-li-U3 

Pu!-che'-ri-a 12 

Pu -ni-cum Bol'-lum 

Pu'-pi-us 

Pu-pi-e'-nu8 

Pup'-pi-us 

Pu-te'-o-li 3 

Py-a-nep'-si-a 10 

Pyd'-na 

Pyg'-e-la 

Pyg-mae'-i 

Pyg-ma'-li-on 29 

PyT'-a-de3 

Py'-la) 

Py-laem'-e-nes 

Py-lag'-o-raa 

Py-lag'-o-ras 

Py-la'-on 

Py-lar'-tes 

Pv-lar-ge 

Py'-las 

Py-le'-ne 

Pyl'-e-us 

Pyl-le-on 



PY 

Py'-lo 

Py'-los 

Py'-lus 

Py'-ra 

Py-ric'-mon 

Py-rac'-mos 

Py-r»cli'-mes 

Pyr-a-mus 

Pyr-e-nffi'-i 

Pyr-e-nae'-us 

Py re'-ne 

Pyr' gi 3 

Pyr'-gi-on 

Pyr '-go 

Pyr-got'-e-les 

Pyr'-gus 

Py-rip'-pe 

Py'-ro 

Pyr'-o-is 

Py-ro'-ni-a 

Pyr'-rha 

Pyr'-rhi-a9 

Pyr'-rhi-ca 

Pyr'-rhi-cus 



PY 

Pyr'-rhi-dee 

Pyr'-rho 

Pyr'-rhua 

Pys'-te 

Py-thag'-o-ras 

Pyth-a-ra'-tua 

Pyth'-e-as 

Py'-thes 

Pyth'-e-us 

Pyth'-i-a 

Pyth'-i-as 

Pyth'-i-on 

Pyth'-i-us 

Py-'-tho 

Py-thoch'-a-ria 

Pytb'-o-clea 

Pytli-o-do'-rus 

Pyth-o-la'-us 

Py'-thon 

Pyth-o-ni'-ce 30 

Pyth-o-nis'-sa 

Pyt'-na 

Pyt'-ta-lus 



QU 

QUA-DER'-NA 
Q.ua'-di 3 
dua-dra'-tus 
Q.uad'-ri-frons, or 

Cluad'-ri-ceps 
Q.uaes-to'-res 



QU 

Clua'-ri 3 
Q.ua'-ri-u3 
Q,uer'-cens 
Q,ui-e'-tus 
Q,uinc-ti-a'-nus 10 
Quinc-til -i-a 



QU 

Quinc -ti-us, T. 

Q.uin-de-cem'-vi-ri 

Q,uin-qua'-tri-a 

Q.uin-quen-na'-le3 

Q.uin-til-i-a'-nus 

Quin-til'-i-an, Eng. 



QU 

duin-til -i-us Va'-rua 
Quin-ril'-la 
Q,oin-til'-lus, M. 
Cluin'-ti-us 10 
Gluin'-tus Cur'-ti-ua 



QU 

Q,uir-i-na'-li-a 
Gluir-i-na'-lis 
Gtui-ri'-nus 
Q,ui-ri'-tes 1 



RH 

RA-BIR'-l-US 

Ra-cil'-i-a 

Ree-sa'-ces 

Ra-mi'-ses 

Rara'-nes 

Ran'-da 

Ra'-po 

Ra-scip'-o-lis 

Ra-ven'-na 

Rav'-o-la 

Rau-ra'-ci 3 

Rau-ri'-ci 

Re-a'-te 8 

Re-dic'-u-lus 

Red'-o-ne3 

Re-gil'-lae 

Re-gil-li-a'-nus 

Re-gil'-lus 

Reg'-u-lus 

Re -mi 3 

Rem'-u-lus 

Re-mu'-ri-a 

Re'-mus 

Re'-su3 

Re-u-dig'-ni 3 

Rha'-ci-a 10 

Rha'-ci-us 

Rha-co'-tis 

Rhad-a-man'-thus 



RH 

Rhad-a-mis'-tus 

Rha'-di-us 

Rhae'-ie-um 

Rhae'-ti, or Rae'-ti 

Rhae'-ti-a 10 

Rham-nen'-ses 

Rham'-nos 

Rham-si-ni'-tus 

Rham'-nus 

Rha'-nis 

Rha'-ros 

Rhas-cu'-po-ris 

Rhe'-a 

Rhe'-bas, or Rhe'-bus 

Rhed'-o-nes 

Rhe'-gi-um 

Rhe-gus'-ci 3 

Rhe'-mi 3 

Rhe'-ne 

Rhe'-ni 3 

Rhe'-nu3 

Rhe-o-mi -tre3 

Rhe'-sus 

Rhe-tog'-e-nes 

Rhet'-i-co 

Rhe-u'-nus 

Rhex-e'-nor 

Rhex-ib'-i-us 



RH 

Rhi-a'-nus 

Rhid'-a-go 

Rhi-mot'-a-cles 

Rhi'-on 

R.ii'-pha, or Rhi'-phe 

Rhi-phaV-i 3 

Rhi-phe'-us 

Rhi'-um 

Rhod'-a-nus 

Rho'-de 

Rho'-di-a 

Rhod-o-gy'-ne, or 

Rbod-o-gu'-ne 
Rho'-do-pe, or 

Rho-do'-pia 
Rho'-dus 
Rhodes, Eng. 
Rhoe'-bus 
Rhoe'-cus 
Rhce'-te-um 
Rhoe'-tus 
Rho-sa'-ce3 
Rho'-sus 
Rhox-a'-na, or 

Rox-a'-na 
Rhox-a'-ni 3 
Rhu-te'-ni, and 

Rhu-the'-ni 



RU 

Rhyn'-da-cus 
Rhyn'-thoo 
Rhiy'-pae ■ 
Ri-phae'-i 3 
Ri-phe'-us 
Rix-am'-a-rag 
Ro-bi'-go, or 

Ru-bi'-go 
Rod-e-ri'-cus 
Ro'-ma 
Rome, Eng. (pro- 

nounced~.Room) 
Ro-ma'-ni 3 
Ro-ma'-nus 
Ro-mil'-i-ua 
Rom'-u-la 
Ro-mu'-li-dae 
Rom'-u-lus 
Ro'-mus 
Ros'-ci-us 10 
Ro-sil'-la-nus 
Ro'-si-us 11 
Rox-a'-na 
Rox-o-la'-ni 3 
Ru-bel'-li-us 
Ru'-bi 3 
Ru'-bi-con 
Ru-bi-e'-nus Lap' 



RU 

Ru-bi'-go 

Ru'-bra Sa'-xa 

Ru'-bri-ua 

Ru'-di-se 

Ru'-fae 

Ruf'-fus 

Ru-fil'-lus 

Ruf-fi'-nus 

Ru-fi'-nus 

Ru'-fus 

Ru'-gi-i 4 

Ru'-mi-nus 

Run-ci'-na 

Ru-pil'-i-us 

Rus'-ci-us 10 

Rus-co'-ni-a 

Ru-sel'-lae 

Rus'-pi-na 

Ru-te'-ni 

Rus'-ti-cuB 

Ru'-ti-la 

Ru'-ti-lus 

Ru-til'-i-us Ru'-fus 

Ru'-tu-ba 

Ru'-tu-bus 

Ru'-tu-li 3 

Ru'-tu-pae 

Ru-tu-pi'-nus 



SA 

SA-BA 

Sab'-a-chus, or 

Sab'-a-con 
Sa-bae 
Sa-ba'-ta 
Sa-ba'-zi-us 
SaW-has 
Sa-oel'-la 
Sa-bel'-li 3 
Sa-bi'-na 
Sa-bi'-ni 3 4 
Sa-bin-i-a'-nus 21 



SA 

Sa-bi'-nus Au'-lus 

Sa'-bis 

Sab'-ra-cae 

Sa-bri'-na 

Sab'-u-ra 

Sab-u-ra'-nus 

Sab'-ra-ta 

Sa'-bus 

Sac'-a-daa 

Sa'-cae 

Sa'-cer 

Sach-a-li'-tes 



SA 

Sa-cra'-ni 

Sa-cra'-tor 

Sa-crat'-i-vir 

Sad'-a-les 

Sa'-dus 

Sad-y-a'-tes 

Sag'-a-na 

Sag'-a-ris 

Sa-git'-ta 

Sa-gun'-tum, or 

Sa-gun'-tus 
Sa'-is 



SA 

Sa'-la 
Sal'-a-con 
Sal-a-min'-i-a 
Sal'-a-mis 
Sal-a-mi'-na 
Sa-la'-pi-a, or 
Sa-la'-pi-s 
Sal'-a-ra 
Sa-la'-ri-a 
Sa-las'-ci 3 
Sa-le'-i-us5 
Sa-le'nai 3 



SA 

Sal-en-ti'-ni 3 
Sa-ler'-num 
Sal-ga'-ne-u3, or 

Sal-ga'-ne-a 
Sa'-li-i 3 4 
Sal-i-na'-tor 
Sa'-li-us 
Sal-lus'-ti-us 
Sal'-lust, Eng. 
Sal'-raa-cis 
Sal-mo'-ne 
Sal-mo'-ne-us 



J 



* Prothoenor. — 

" The hardy warriours whom BoRotia bred, 
" Peneleus, Leitus, ProthoHnor led."— 

Pope's Horn. Iliad. 

t See Iphioxria. 

137 



X Protomedia. — 
" Nisam and Actsea boast the same, 
" Protomedia from the fruitful dame, 
" And Doris, honour'd with maternal name." 
Cooke's Hesiod, Theog. v. 



Iphigenia. 



1089 







GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 




SA 


SC 


SE 


SE 


SI 




Sal'-mus 


i Sa'-ron 


| Sci'-dros 


| Se-le'-ne 


Se-su-vi-i 3 


1 


Sal-my-des'-sus 


Sa-ron'-i-cus Si'-nus 


1 Scil'-lus 


Sel-eu-ce' na, or 


Set -a-bis 




Sa'-Io 


Sar-pe'-don 


Sci' nis 


Se-leu'-cis 


Se-thon 




Sa-lo'-me 8 


Sar-ras'-tes 


Scin'-thi 3 


JSel-eu'-ci-a 29 
Se-leu'-ci-d© 


Se'-ti-a 10 




Sa'-lon 


Sar -si-na 


1 Sci-o'-ne 


Seu'-thes 




Sa-lo'-na, or 


Sar-san'-da 


Sci-pi'-a dae 


Se leu'-cis 


Se-ve'-ra 




Sa-lo'-nae 


Sa'-son 


Scip'-i-o 9 


Se-leu'-cus 


Se-ve-ri-a'-nus 




SaI-o-ni ; -na 


Sa-tas'-pes 


Sci'-ra 7 


Sel-ge 


ITSe-ve'-rus 




Sal-o-ni'-nus 


Sa'-ti-ae 10 


Sci-ra'-di-um 


Se-lim'-nos 


Sex'-ti-a 




Sa-lo'-ni-us 


Sat-i-bar-za'-ne 


Sci'-ras 3 


Se-li'-nuns, or 


Sex-til'-i-a 




Sal'-pis 


Sa-tic'-u-Ia, and 


Sci'-ron 


Se-li'-nus 


Sex-til '-i-us 




Sal'-vi-an 


Sa-tic'-u-lus 


Sci'-rus 


Se-la'-si-a 


Sex'-ti-us 




Sal-vid-i-e'-nus 


Sa'-tis 


Sco'-lus 


Sel-le'-is 


Sex'-tus 




Sal'-vi-us 


Sat-ra-pe'-ni 


Scom'-brus 


Sel'-li 3 


Si-bi'-ni 3 




Sa-ma'-ri-a 30 


Sa-tri'-cum 


Sco'-pas 


Se-]yra'-bri-a 


Si-bur'-ti-us 




Sam-bu'-los 


Sa-trop'-a-ce3 


Sco'-pi-um 


Sem'-e-le 


Si-byl'-lae 




Sa'-me, or Sa'-rnos 


Sat'-u-ra 


Scor-dis'-ci, and 


Sem-i-ger-ma'-ni 


Si'-ca 




Sa'-mi-a 


Sat-u-re'-i-um,or 


Scor-dis'-cse 


Sem-i-gun'-tus 


Si-cam'-bri, or 




Sam-ni'-tae 


Sa-tu'-re-um 


Sco-ti'-nus 


Se-mir'-a-mis 


Sy-gam'-bri 3 




Sam-ni'-tes 


Sat-u-re'-i-us 


Sco-tus'-sa 


Sem'-no-nes 


Si-ca'-ni 3 




Sam : -nites, Eng. 


Sat-ur-na'-li-a 


Scri-bo'-ni-a 


Se-mo'-nes 


Si-oa'-ni-a 




Sam'-ni-um 


Sa-tur'-ni-a 


Scri-bo-ni-a'-nus 


Sem-o-sanc'-tus 


Sic'-e-lis 




Sa-mo'-ni-um 


Sat-ur-ni'-nus 


Scri-bo'-ni-us 


Sem-pro'-ni-a 


Si-cel'-i-des 




Sa'-mos 


Sa-tur'-ni-us 


ScyLa-ce'-um 9 


Sem-pro'-ni-us 


Si-chae'-UB 




Sa-rros'-a-ta 


Sa-tur'-nus 


Scy'-lax 


Se-mu'-ri-um 


Si-cil'-i-a 




Sam-o-thra'-ce, or 


Sat-'-u-rum 


Scyl'-la 


Se'-na 


Si-cin'-i-us Den-ta'-tui 




Sam-o-thra'-ci-a 


Sat'-y-rus 

Sa u-fe -i-us Tro'-gus 


ScyJ-lae'-um 


Se-na'-tus 


Si-ci'-nus 




Sa'-mu3 


Scyl'-li-as 


Sen'-na, or 


Sic'-o-rus 




Sa'-na 


Sau-rom'-a-tae 


Scyl'-lis 


Se'-na 


Sic'-u-li 3 




San'-a-os 


Sau'-rus 


Scyl'-lus 


Sen -e-ca 


Sic'-y-on 




>?an-ciio-ni'-a-thon 


Sav'-e-ra 


Scy-lu'-rus 


Sen'-o-nes 


Sish'-e-on 




*San-da'-ce 


Sa'-vo, or Sav-o'-na 


Scyp'-pi-um 


Sen'-ti-us 10 


Sic-y-o'-ni-a 




San-da'- li-um 


Sa'-vua 


Scy'-ra3 


Sep-te'-ri-on 


Sish-e-o'-ne-a 




San'-da-nis 


Saz'-i-ches 12 


Scy'-ros 


Sep-tim'-i-us 


Si'-de 8 




San'-da-nu3 


Scaj'-a 


Scy'-thae 


Sep-ti -nu-le'-i-us 


Si-de'-rc 




San-di'-on 11 


Se'-a 


Scy'-thes, or 
Scv'-tha 


Sep'-y-ra 


Sid-i-ci'-num 




San-dre-cot'-tus 


Scre'-va 


Seq'-iia-iia 


Si'-don 




San'-ga-la 


Se'-va 


Scyth'-i-a 


Seq'-ua-ni 


Si-do'-nis 




San-ga'-ri-us, or 


Sca;v'-o-la 


Scyth'-i-des 


Se-quin'-i-us / 
Se-ra'-pi-o 


Si-do'-ni-us 




San'-ga-ris 


Sev'-o-la 


Scy-thi'-nus 


Si'-ga 




£an-guin'-i-us 


Scal'-pi-um 


Scy'-thon 


§Se-ra'-pis 
Se'-res 


Si-gw'-um, or 
Si-ge'-um 




San-nyr'-i-on 


Sca-man'-der 


Scy-thop'-o-lis 




San'-to-nes, and 


Sca-man'-dri-us 


Se-bas'-ta 


Ser-bo'-nis 


Sig'-ni-a 




San'-to-nae 


Scan-da'-ri-a 


Se-bas'-ti-a 


Se-re'-na 


Sig-o-ves'-sus 




Sa'-on 


Scan-di-na'-vi-a 


Seb-en-ny'-tus 


Se-re-ni-a'-nus 


Si-gy'-ni, Sig'-n-nss 




ta-pae'-i, or Sa-phas'-i 


Scan-til'-la 


Se-be'-tus 


Se-re'-nus 


Si-gyn'-nae 




Sa'-por 


Scap-tes'-y-le 


Se-bu-si-a'-ni, or 


Ser-ges'-tus 


Si'-la, or Sy'-la 




fSa-po'-res 


Scap'-ti-a 10 


Se-gu-si-a'-ni 


Ser'-gi-a 


Si-la'-na Ju'-li-a 




Sap'-pho, or Sa'-pho 


Scap'-ti-as 10 


Sec-ta'-nus 


Ser'-gi-us 


Si-la'-nus 




Sap ! -ti-ne 


Scap'-u-la 


Sed-i-ta'-ni, or 


||Ser-gi'-o-lus 


Sil'-a-ris 




Sa-rac'-o-ri 3 


Scar'-di-i 3 4 


Sed-en-ta' ni 3 


Se-ri'-phus . 


Si-le'-nus 




Sa-ran'-ges 


Scar-phi'-a, or 


Se-du'-ni 3 


Ser'-my-la 


Sil-i-cen'-se 




Sar-a-pa'-ni 3 


Scar'-pho 


Se-du'-si-i 3 


Ser-ra'-nns 


Sil'-i-us I-tal'-i-cus 




Sar'-a-pus 


Scau'-rus 


Se-ges'-ta 


Se'-ron 


Sil'-phi-um 




Sar'-a-sa 


Sced'-a-sus 


Se-ges'-tes 


Ser-to'-ri-us 


Sil-va'-nus 




Sa-ras'-pa-des 


Scel-e-ra'-tus 


Se-gob'-ri-ga 


Ser-vae'-us 


Sim-briv'-i-us, or 




Sar-dan-a-pa'-lus 


Sche'-di-a 


Seg'-ni 3 " 


Ser-vi-a'-nus 


Sim-bruv'-i-U3 




Sar'-des 


Ske'-di-a. 


Seg'-o-nax 


Ser-vil'-i-a 


Si-me'-thus, or 




Sar'-di 3 


Sche'-di-us 12 


Se-gon'-ti-a, or 


Ser-vil-i-a'-nus 


Sy-me'-thus 




Sar-din'-i-a 


S'che'-ri-a 


Se-gun'-ti-a 10 


Ser-vil'-i-us 


Sim'-i-lae 




Sar'-dis, orSar'-des 


Schce'-ne-us 


Seg-on-ti'-a-ci 3 


Ser'-vi-us Tul'-li-us 


Sim'-i-lis 




Sar-don'-i-cus 30 


Schoe'-nu3, or 


Se-go'-vi-a 


Ses'-a-ra 


Sim'-mi-as 




Sar-i-as'-ter 


Sche'-no 


Se-gun'-ti-um 10 


Se-sos'-tris 


Si'-mo 




Sar-ma'-ti-a 10 


Sci/-a-this 


Sei'-us Stra'-bo 


Ses'-ti-us 


3i'-mo-is 




Sar-men'-tus 


Si'-a-this 


Se-ja'-nus ^E'-li-us 


Ses'-tos, or 


3im-o-is'-i-us 10 




Sar'-ni-us 


Sci'-a-thos 


Se-lem'-nus 


Ses'-tus 


Si'-mon 



* Sandacc. — A sister of Xerxes, which I find in no lex- 
icographer but Lempriere, and in him with the accent on 
the first syllable ; but, from its Greek original HavSavxr], 
it ought certainly to be accented on the second syllable. 

f Sapores. — This word, says Labbe, is by Gavantus 
and others, ignorant of the Greek, accented on the first 
syllable. 

J Scleueia. — Lempriere and Labbe accent this word on 
the penultimate; but Ainsworth, Gouldman, and Hol- 
yoke, on the antepenultimate. As this word, according 
•oStrabo, has its penultimate formed of the diphthong 
ti, "ZzhtvKzia, this syllable ought to have the accent; but, 
as the antepenultimate accent is so incorporated into our 
tongue, I would strongly recommend the pronunciation 
which an English scholar would give it at first sight, and 
that is, placing the accent on the iu This is the accent. 
Milton gives it: 

" Eden stretch'd her line 

"From Auran eastward to the royal tow'rs 
"Of great Seleucia, built by Grecian kings." 

Par. Lost, b. 4. 
If, however, the English scholar wishes to shine in the 
classical pronunciation of this word, let him take care to 
pronounce the c like 5 only, and not like sh, which sound 



it necessarily has, if the accent bo on the antepenulti- 
mate syllable. — See Rules 10 and 30. 

§ Serapis. — There is not a dissenting voice among our 
prosodists against the pronouncing of this word with the 
accent on the penultimate syllable; and yet, to show the 
tendency of English pronunciation, when a ship of this 
name had a desperate engagement with one of the French, 
which attracted the attention of the publicK, every body 
pronounced it with the accent on the first syllable. Mil- 
ton has done the same in his sublime description of the 
grandeurs of Pandemonium: 



-Not Babylon 



" Nor groat Alcairo such magnificence 

" Equall'd in all their glories to enshrine 

" Belus or Serapis their goda ; or seat 

" Their kings, when Egypt with Assyria strove, 

" In wealth and luxury." 

Par. Lost, b. i. v. 717. 

|| Sergiolus.—I find this word in no dictionary bat 
Lempriere's, aud there the accent is placed upon the 
penultimate instead of the antepenultimate syllable. 

IT Severus.— Tin's word, like Serapis, is universally 
mispronounced, by the mere English scholar, with the ac- 
cent on the first syllable. 

1090 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



SO 

Si-mon'-i-doB 
Sini-plic'-i-u9 24 

Sim'-u-Ius 

Si'-mu3 

Sim'-y-ra 

Sin'-di 

tfin-jjae'-i 3 

Si'-nis 

Sin'-aa-ces 

Sin'-na-cha 

Sin'-o-e 

Si'-noo 

Si-no'-pe 

Si-no'-pe-us 

Sin'-o-ri.v 

Sin'-ti-i 3 4 

Sin-u-es'-sa 

Siph'-nos 

Si-pon'-tum, Si'-pus 

Sip'-y-lum, and 
Syp'-y-]us 

Si-re'-nes 

Si'~rens, Eng. 

Si'-ris 

Sir'-i-us 

Sir'-mi-um 

Si-sam'-nes 

Sis'-a-pho 

Sis'-e-nes 

Si-sen'-na 

Sis-i-gam'-bis, or 
Sis-y-gam'-bis 
Sis-o-cos'-tus 
Sis'-y-phus 
Si-tal'-ces 
Sith'-ni-des 
Si'-thon 
Si-tho'-ni-a 
Sit'-i-us 10 24 
Sil'-o-nes 
Sme'-nus 
Smer'-dis 
Smi'-lax 
Smi'-lis 

Smin-dyr'-i-des 
*Smih'-the-us 
Pmvr'-na 
So-a'-na 
So-an'-da 
So-a'-nes 
Soc'-ra-tes 
Sce'-mi-as 
Sog-di-a'-na 
Sog-di-a'-nus 
Sol'-o-e, or So'-li 
So-lce'-is 
So'-lou 



SP 

So-lo ni-um 

So -las 

Sol'-v-ma, and 
Sol'-y-ma 

Som'-nus 

Son'-chis 12 

Son-ti'-a-les 

Sop'-a-ter 

So'-phax 

So-phe'-ne 8 

Soph'-o-cles 

t?oph-o-nis'-ba 

So'-phron 

So-pliro'-ni-a 

t^o-phron'-i-cus 

Soph-ro-nis'-cus 

Sb-phros'-y-ne 

Sop'-o-lis 

So'-ra 

So-rac'-tes, and 
So-rac'-te 

So-ra'-nns 

So '-rex 

So-rit'-i-a 10 

So'-si-a Gal'-la JO 

So-sib'-i-us 

Sos'-i-cles 

So-sic'-ra-tes 

So-sig'-e-nes 

So'-si-i 3 10 

Sos'-i-lus 

So-sip'-a-ter 

So'-sis 

So-sis'-tra-tus 

So'-si-us 10 

Sos'-the-nes 

Sos'-tra-tus 

Sot'-a,-de3 

So'-ter 

So-te'-ri-a 

So-ter'-i-cus 

So'-this 

So'-ti-on 11 

So'-ti-us 10 

So'-us 

Soz'-o-men 

Spa'-co 

Spar'-ta 

Spar'-ta-cus 

Spar'-tae, or Spar'-ti 

Spar-ta'-ni, or 

Spar-ti-a'-toe 22 
Spar-ti-a'-nus 
Spe'-cbi-a 12 

pen'-di-us 
Spen'-don 
Sper-chi'-u9 12 



ST 

Sper-ma-topb'-a-gi 

Speu-sip'-pus 

Sphac-te'-ri-«e 

Spbe'-rus 

Sphinx 

Spm> 

Spho'-dri-as 

Sphra-gid'-i-um 

Spi-eil'-lus 

Spin'-tba-rus 

Spin -ther 

Spi-tam'-e-nes 

Spi-thob'-a-tes 

Spith-ri-da'-tos 

Spo-le'-ti-um 10 

JSpor'-a-des 20 

Spu-ri'-na 

Spu'-ri-us 

Sta-be'-ri-us 

Sta'-bi-ae 

Sta-gi'-ra 1 

Sta'-i-us 

Staph'-y-lu3 

Sta-san'-der 

Sta-sil'-e-us 29 

Sta-til'-i-a 

Sta-cil'-i-ua 

Stat'-i-na; 

Sta-ti'-ra 

Sta'-ti-us 10 

Sta-sic'-ra-tes 

Sta'-tor 

Stel-la'-tes 

Stel'-li-o 

Ste'-na 

Sten-o-bce'-a 

Ste-noc'-ra-tes 

Sten'-tor 

Steph'-a-na 

Steph'-a-nus 

Ster'-o-pe 

Ster'-o-pes 

Ste-sich'-o-rus 

Ster-tin'-i-us 

Ste-sag'-o-ras 

Stes-i-cle'-a 

Ste-sim'-bro-tus 

Stheii'-e-le 

Sthen'-e-lus 

Sthe'-nis 

Sthe'-no 

Sthen-o-bce'-a 

Stil'-be, or Stil'-bi-a 

Stil'-i-cho 

Stil'-po 

Stim'-i-con 

Stiph'-i-lus 



SU 

Sto-baV-us 

Stoecli'-a-des 

Sto'-i-ci 

Sto'-icks, Eng. 

Stra'-bo 

Stra-tar'-clias 

Stra'-to, or Stra'-ton 

Strat'-o-cles 

Strat-o-ni'-co 

Stra-to-ni'-cus 30 

Stron'-gy-le 

Stroph'-a-des 

Stro'-phi-us 

Strn-thopb'-a-gi 

Stru'-tbus 

Stry'-ma 

Strym'-no 

Stry'-mon 

Stym-pba'-li-a, or 

i?tym pha'-lis 
Stym-pha'-lus 
Styg'-ne 
Sty -ra 
Sty'-fus 
Styx 

Su-ar-do'~nes 
Su-ba'-tri-i 3 4 
Sub-lic'-i-us 24 
Sab'-o-ta 
Sub-ur'-ra 
Su'-cro 
Sues'-sa 
Sues'-so-nes 
Sue-to'-ni-us 
Sue'-^ 
Sue'-vi-us 
Suf-fe'-nus 
Suf-fe'-ti-us, or 

Fu-fe'-ti-us 
$Sui'- das 
Suil'-i-us 
Sui'-o-ne3 
Sul'-chi 
Sul'-ci-us 
Sul'-mo, or 

Sul'-mo-na 
Sul-pit'-i-a 
Sul-pit'-i-us, or 

Sul-pic'-i-us 24 
Sum-ma'-nus 
Su'-ni-ci 
Su'-ni-des 
Su'-ni-um 
Su-o-vet-au-ril'-i-a 
Su'-pe-rum Ma '-re 
Su'-ra iE-myl'-i-us 
Su-re'-na 



SY 

Sur-ren'-tum 

Su'-rus 

Su'-sa 

Su'-sa-na i 

Su-si-a'-na, or Su'-nia 

Su-sa'-ri-on 

Su'-tri-um 

Sy-ag'-rus 

Syb'-a-ris 

Syb-a-ri'-ta 

Syb'-a-rite, Eng 

Syb'-o-tas 

Sy-cin'-nus 

Sy'-e-dra 

Sy-e'-ne 8 

Sy-e-ne'-si-us 10 

Sy-en-i'-tes 

Syg'-a-ros 

Sy-Je'-a 

Syl'-e-us 

Svl'-la 

Syl'-lis 

Syl'-o-es 

Syl'-o-son 

Syl-va'-nus 

Syl'-vi-a 

Syl'-vi-us 

Sy'-ma, or Sy'-me 

Sym'-bo-lum 

Sym'-ma-chus 

Sym-pleg'-a-des 

Sy'-mus 

Syn-cel'-lus 

Sy-ne'-si-us 10 

Syn'-ge-lus 

Syn'-nas 

Syn-na-lax'-is 

Syn'-nis 

Sy-no'-pe 

Syn'-ty-che 

Sy'-phax 

Sy-phie'-um 

Syr'-a-ces 

Syr-a-co'-si-a 10 

Syr-a-cu'-sai 8 

Syr'-a-cuse, Eng. 

Syr'-i-a 

Sy'-rinx 

Syr-o-phce'-nix 

Syr-o-phce-ni'-ces 

Sy'-ros 

Syr'-tes 

Sy'-rus 

Sys-i-gam'-bis 

Sy-sim'-e-thres 

Sys'-i-nas 

Sy'-thas 






TA 

TA-AU'-TES 

Tab-ra-ca 
Ta-bur'-nus 
Tac-fa-ri'-nas 
Ta-cbamp'-so 
Ta'-chos, or Ta'-chu9 
Tac'-i-ta 24 
Tac'-i-tus 24 



TA 

Tee'-di-a 

Tasn'-a-rus 

TiE'-ni-as 

Ta'-ges 

Ta-go'-ni-us 

Ta'-gus 

Ta-la'-si-us 10 

Tal'-a-us 



TA 

Ta-la'-y-ra 6 

Tal'-e-tum 

Tal-thyb'-i-us 

Ta'-lus 

Tam'-a-rus 

Ta'-mos 

Ta-ma'-se-a 

Tam'-pi-us 



TA 

Tam'-y-ras 
Tam'-y-ris 
Tan'-a-gra 
Tan'-a-grus, or 

Tan'-a-ger 
Tnn'-a-is 
Tan -a-quil 
Tan-tal'-i-des 



. TA 

Tan'-ta-lus 
Ta-nu'-si-us Ger'-mi- 

nus 10 
Ta'-pbi-ae 
Ta'-piii-us 
Ta'-phi-us, or 

Ta-phi-as'-sus 
Tap-rob'-a-ne 



* Smhitfieus. — This word, like Orpftews, and others of 
the same form, has the accent on the first syllable ; but 
poets often contract the two last syllables into one ; as 
Pope: 

"O, Sminthcus, sprung from fair Latona's line, 
"Thou guardian pow'r of Cilia the divine!" 
See Idomeneus. 

t Sophronicus. — I find this word in no prosodist but 
Labbe : and he places the accent on the penultimate syl.- 
leSIe, like most other words of this termination ; unless, 
s.avs he, any one thinks it more likely to be derived from 
Sophron, than from victory: that is, by uniting a general 
termination to the root of the word, than combining it 
with another word sig-iifieaut of itself: but as there is a 
Greek adjective Yuh^qcauko^, signifying ordained by na- 
ture to temperance, it is much more probable that So 
pkronicus is this adjective used substantively, than that 
it should be compounded of £w$pwv and vikos , conquer- 
ing temperance ; and therefore the antepenultimate 
accent seems preferable. 



J Sporades. — This word has the accent placed on the 
first syllable by all our prosodists ; but a mere English 
ear is not only inclined to place the accent on the second 
syllable, but to pronounce the word as if it were a dis- 
syllable, Spo-rades ; but this is so gross an errour, that it 
cannot be too carefully avoided. 

§ Suidas. — This word is generally heard, even among the 
learned, in two syllables, as if written Sui-das. Labbe, 
however, makes it three syllables, and accents the first; 
although, says he, by what right I know not, it is gene- 
rally pronounced with the accent on the penultimate. 
It may be observed, that, if we place the accent on the 
first syllable, the i in the second must be pronounced like 
e ; and that the general pronunciation, which Labbe com- 
plains of, that of placing the accent on the second sylla- 
ble, must, in our English pronunciation of Greek or Latin 
words, preserve the i in its long open sound, as in idle: 
if, therefore, we pronounce the i in this manner, it is a 
sufficient proof that we place the accent ou the penulti- 
mate syllable; which, though common, is, as Labbe 
observes, without good authority 
1091 



if. 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



TE 

Tap'-sus 
Tap'-y-ri 3 
Tar'-a-nis 
Ta'-ras 

Taii>ax-ip'-pus 
Tar-bel'-li 3 
Tar-che'-ti-us 10 
Tar'-chon 
Ta-ren'-tum, or 

Ta-ren'-tus 
Tar'-nas 
Tar'-pa 
Tar-pe'-i-a 5 
Tar-pe'-i-us 5 
Tar-quin'-i-a 
Tar-quin'-i-i 3 
Tar-quin ( -i-us 
Tar-quit'-i-us 27 
Tar'-qai-tus 
Tar-ra-ci'-na 
Tar'-ra-co 
Tar-ru'-ti-us 10 
Tar'-sa 
Tar'-si-us 10 
Tar'-sus, or Tar'-sos 
Tar'-ta-rus 
Tar-tes'-sus 
Tar-un'-ti-us 
Tas-ge'-ti-us 
Ta'-ti-an 
Ta-ti-en'-ses 
Ta'-ti-us 10 
Tat'-ta 

Tau-lan'-ti-i 3 
Tau'-nus 
Tau-ra'-ri-a 
Tau-ran'-tes 
Tau'-ri 3 
Tau'-ri-ca 7 
Tau'-ri-ca Cher-so- 

ne'-sus 
Tau-ri'-ni 3 
Tau-ris r -ci 3 
Tau'-ri-um 
Tau-ro-min'-i-um 
Tau'-rus 
Ta.\'-i-la 
Tax'-i-lus, or 

Tax'-i-les 
Tax-i-maq'-ui-lus 
Ta-yg'-e-te, or 

Ta-y-ge'-te 
*Ta-yg'-e-tus, or 

Ta-yg'-e-ta 
Te-a'-nura 
Te'-a-rus 
Te-a'-te-a, Te'-a-te, or 

Te-ge'-a-te 
Tech-mes'-sa 
Tech'-r.a-tis 
Tec'-ta-mus 
Tec-tos'-a-ges, or 

Tec-tos'-a-gae 
Te'-ge-a, or 

Te-gae'-a 
Teg'-u-la 
Teg'-y-ra 7 
Te'-i-us 5 
Te'-i-um, or Te'-os 
Tel'-a-mon 
Tel-a-mo-ni'-a-des 
Tel-chi'-nes 
Tel-chin'-i-a 
Tel-chin'-i-us 
Tel'-chis 
Te'-le-a 7 19 



TE 

Te-leb'-o-a9 
Te-!eb'-o-a?, or 

Te-leb'-o-es 
Tel-e-bo -i-des 
Te-lec'-les, or 

Te-lec'-lus 
Tel-e-cli -des 
Te-leg'-o-nua 
Te-lem'-a-chus 
Tel'-e-mus 
Tel-e-phas'-sa 
Tel'-e-phus 
Te-le'-si-a 10 
Te-les'-i-clas 
Tel-e-sil'-la 
Tel-e-sin'-i-cus 
Tel-e-si'-nus 
Tel-e-sip'-pus 
Te-les'-pho-rus 
Tel-e-stag'-o-ras 
Te-les'-tas 
Te-les'-tes 
Te-les'-to 
Tel'-e-thus 
Tel-e-thu'-sa 
Te-leu'-ri-as 
Te-leu'-ti-as 
Tel-la'-ne 
Tel'-li-as 
Tel'-lis 
Tel'-lus 
Tel-mes'-sus, or 

Tel-mis'- sus 
Te'-lon 
Tel-thu'-sa 
Te'-lys 26 
Te-ma'-the-a 
Te-rae'-ni-um 
Tem-e-ni'-tes 
Tem'-e-nus 
Tem-c-rin'-da 
Tem'-e-sa 
Tem'-e-se 
Tem'-nes 
Tem'-nos 
Tem'-pe 
Ten'-e-dos 
Te'-nes 26 
Ten'-e-sis 
Te'-nos 26 
Ten'-ty-ra (Egypt) 
Ten-ty'-ra (Thrace) 
Te'-os, or Te'-i-os 
Te-re'-don 
Te-ren'-ti-a 
Te-ren-ti-a'-nus 
Te-ren'-tus 
tTe'-re-us 
Ter-ges'-te, and 

Ter-ges'-tum 
Te'-ri-as 19 
Ter-i-ba'-zus 
Te-rid'-a-e 19 
Ter-i-da'-tes 
Ter'-i-gum 
Ter-men'-ti-a 10 
Ter'-me-rus 27 
Ter-me'-sus 27 
Ter-mi-na'-li-a 
Ter-mi-na'-lis 
Ter'-mi-nus 
Ter'-mi-sns, or 

Ter-mes'-sus 
Ter-pan'-der 
Terp-sich'-o-re 8 
Terp-sic'-ra-te 



TH 

Ter-ra-ci'-na 
Ter-ra-aid'-i-us 
Ter -ti-a 10 
Ter-ti-us 10 
Ter-tul-li-a -nus 
Te'-thys 26 
Te-trap'-o-lis 
Tet'-ri-cus 
Teu'-cer 
Teu ! -cri 3 
Teu'-cri-a 
Teuc'-te-ri 3 
Teu-mes'-sus 
Teu'-ta 
Teu-ta'-mi-as, or 

Teu'-ta-mis 
Teu'-ta-mus 
Teu'-tas, or 

Teu-ta'-tes 
Teu'-thras 
Teu-tom'-a-tus 
Teu'-to-ni, and 

Teu'-to-nes 
Tha-ben'-na 
Tha'-is 
Tha'-la 
Thal'-a-me 
Tha-las'-si-us 
Tha'-les 
Tbn-les'-tri-a, or 

Tha-les'-tris 
Tha-le'-tes 27 
Tha-li'-a 30 
Thal'-pi-us 
Tham'-y-ras 
Tham'-y-ris 
Thar-ge'-li-a 
Tha-ri'-a-des 
Tha'-rops 26 
Thap'-sa-cus 
Tha'-si-us, or 

Thra'-si-us 10 
Tha'-sos 26 
Tha'-sus 
Thau-man'-ti-as, and 

Thau-man'-tis 
Thau'-mas 
Thau-ma'-si-us 
The'-a 

The-ag'-e-nes 
The-a'-ges 
The-a'-no 
The-a'-num 
The-ar'-i-das 
The-ar'-nus 
The-a-te'-tes 
The'-bae 8 
%Thebes, Eng. 
Theb'-a-is 
The'-be, or The'-bse 
The'-i-a 
The'-i-as 5 
Thel-e-phas'-sa 
Thel-pu'-sa 
Tlielx-i'-on 29 
Tlielx-i'-o-pe 
The-me'-si-on 11 
The'-rnis 
The-mis'-cy-ra 
Them'-e-nus 
Them'-i-son 
The-mis'-ta 
The-mis'-ti-us 
The-mis'-to-cles 
Them-i-stog'-e-nes 
Tbe-o-cle'-a 



TH 



The'-o-cles 
Tbe'-o-clus 
The-o-clym -e-nus 
Thc-oc'-ri-tU9 
The-od'-a-mas, or 

Thi-od'-a-mas 
The-o-dec'-tes 
The-od-o-re'-tus 
The-odi-o-ret, Eng. 
The-od-o-ri'-tus 
The-o-do'-ra 
The-o-do'-rus 
The-o-uo'-si-us 10 
The-od'-o-ta 
The-o-do'-ti-on 11 
The-od'-o-tus 
The-og-ne'-tes 
The-og'-nis 
Tbe-om-nes'-tus 
The'-on 
The-on'-o-e 8 
The'-o-pe 
The-oph'-a-ne 
Tbe-oph'-a-nes 
The-o-pha'-ni-a 
The-oph'-i-lus 
The-o-phras'-tus 
The-o-pol'-e-mus 
The-o-pom'-pus 
The-o-phy-lac'-tug 
The-oph'-i-lact, Eng. 
The-o'-ri-us 
The-o-ti'-mus 
The-ox'-e-na 
The ox-e'-ni-a 
The-ox-e'-ni-us 
The'-ra 
The-ram'-bus 
The-ram'-e-nes 
The-rap'-ne, or 

Te-rap'-ne 
The'-ras 
The-rip'-pi-das 
Ther'-i-tas 
Ther'-ma 
Ther-mo'-don 
Ther-mop'-y-lae 
Ther'-mus 
The-rod'-a-mas 
The'-ron 
Ther-pan'-der 
Ther-san'-der 
Ther-sil'-o-chus 
Ther-sip'-pus 
Ther-si'-tes 1 
Thes-bi'-tes 
The-se'-i-dae 
The-se'-is 
The'-se-us 
The-si'-d83 
The-si'-des 
Thes-moph-o'-ri-a 
Thes-moth'-e-tae 
Thes-pi'-a 
Thes-pi'-a-da? 
Thes-pi'-a-des 
Thes'-pi-se 
Thes'-pis 
Thes'-pi-us, or 

Thes'-ti-us 
Thes-pro'-ti-a 10 
Thes-pro'-tus 
Tlies-sa'-li-a 
Thes-sa'-li-on 29 
Thes-sa-li'-o-tis 
$Thes-sa-lo-ni»-ca 30 



TH 

Thes'-sa-lus 
Thes'-te 
Thes'-ti-a 
Thes-li'-a-de, ana 

Thes-ti'-a-des 
Thes'-ti-aa 
Thes'-ti-us 
Thes'-tor 
Thes'-ty-lis 
The'-tis 
Theu'-tis, or 

Teu'-this 
Tbi'-a 
Thi'-as 
Thim'-bron 
Thi-od'-a-mas 
This'-be 
This'-i-as 10 
This'-o-a 
Tho-an'-ti-um 10 
Tho'-as 
Tho'-e 8 
Thom'-y-ria 19 
Tho'-lus 
[IThon 
Tho'-nis 
Tho'-on 
Tho'-o-sa 
Tho-o'-tes 
Tho-ra'-ni-U9 
Tho'-rax 
Tho'-ri-a 
Thor'-nax 
Thor'-sus 
Tho'-us 
Thra'-ce 
Thra'-ces 
Thra'-ci-a 
Thrace, Eng. 
Thrac'-i-dee 19 
Thra'-cis 
Thra'-se-as 11 
Thra-sid'-e-us 
Thra'-si-us 10 
Thra'-so 
Thras-y-bu'-lus 
Thras-y-dae'-us 
Thra-syl'-lus 
Thra-sym'-a-chus 
Thras-y-me'-des 
Thras-y-rae -nus 
Thre-ic'-i-us 24 
Thre-is'-sa 
Threp-sip'-pas 
Thri-am'-bus 
Thro'-ni-um 
Thry'-on 
Thry'-us 
Thu-cyd'-i-des 
Thu-is'-to 
Thu'-le 8 
Thu'-ri-ae, or 

Thu'-ri-um 
Thu'-ri-nus 
Thus'-ci-a 10 
Thy'-a 
Thy'-a-des 
Thy'-a-mis 
Thy'-a-na 
Thy-a-ti ! -ra 
Thy-bar'-ni 
Thy-es'-ta 
Thy-es'-tes 
Thym'-bra 
Thym-braj'-us 
Thym'-bris 



* Taygetus and Taygete. — All our prosodists but 
Lempriere accent these words on the antepenultimate 
syllable, as if divided into Ta-yg'-e-tus and Tc-yg'-e-te. 
I am, therefore, rather inclined to suppose the quantity 
marked in his dictionary an errour of the press. The 
lines in Lily's Quee Qenus will easily call to the recol- 
lection of every scholar how early he adopted the ante- 
penultimate pronunciation. 

" Tartara, Taygetus, sic Taenera, Massica, et altus 
" Gargarus." 

| Tereus.— For words of this termination, see Idome- 
neus. 

X Thebes.— Thebes in Egypt was called Hecatom'pylos, 



from having a hundred gates; and Thebes in Greece 
Heptap'ylos, from its seven gates. 

§ Thessalonica.— This word, like every other of a 
similar termination, is sure to be pronounced, by a mere 
English scholar, with the accent on the thtd syllable; 
but this must be avoided on pain of literary excommuni- 
cation. 

It Thon, a physician of Egypt.— Milton spells this 
word with the final e, making "it one syllable only, and 
consequently pronouncing it so as to rhyme with tone: 
" Not that Nepenthe, which the wife of Thone, 
" In Egypt gave to Jove-born Helena, 

"Is of such pow'r to stir up joy as this" 

Comus. 
1092 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



TI 

Thym'-bron 

Thym'-e-le 

Thy-mi-a-this 

Thy-mocli'-a-res 

Thy-ma>-tes 

Thy-od f -a-mas 

Thy-o'-ne 

Thy-o'-ne-ua 

Thy'-o-tes 

Thy '-re 

Thyr'-e-a 

Thyr'-e-us 

Thyr'-i-on 29 

Thvr-sag'-e-tse 

Thvs'-sos 

Thy'-us 

Ti' a-sa 1 

Tib-n-re'-iii 

Pi-oe'-ri-aa 

Tib-e-ri'-nus 

Tib'-e-ris 

Ti-be'-ri-us 

Ti-be'-sis 

Ti-bul'-lus 

Ti'-bur 

Ti-bur'-ti-us 10 

Ti-bur'-tus 

Ticb'-i-us 12 

Tic'-i-da 

Ti-ci'-nus 

Tid'-i-us 

Ti-es'-sa 

Tif-a-ta 

ri-fer'-num 

Tig'-a-sis 

Tig-el-li'-nus 24 

Ti-gel'-li-us 

Ti-gra'-nes 

Tig-ran-o-cer'-ta 

Ti'-gres 

Ti'-gris 

Tig-u-ri'-ni 3 

Til-a-tje'-i 4 

Ti-mae'-a 

Ti-mae'-us 

Ti-mag'-e-nes 

Ti-mag'-o-ras 

Ti-man'-dra 

Ti-man'-dri-des 

Ti-man'-t)ies 

Ti-mar'-chus 12 

Tim-a-re'-ta 

Ti-ma'-si-on 11 

Tim-a-sith'-e-us 

Ti-ma'-vus 

Ti-me'-si-us 11 

Ti-moclv-a-ris 12 

Tim-o-cle'-a 

Ti-moc-ra-tes 

Ti-mo'-cre-on 

Tim-o-de'-mus 

Tim-o-la'-us 



TO 

Ti-mo'-le-on 

Ti-mo'-lus 13 

Ti-mom'-a chus 

Ti'-mon 

Ti-moph'-a-nes 

Ti-mo'-the-ua 

Ti-mox'-e-nus 

Tin'-gis 

Ti'-pha 

Ti'-phys 

Tiph'-y-sa 

Ti-re'-si-a3 10 

Tir-i-ba'-ses 

Tir-i-da'-tes 

Ti'-ris 18 

Ti'- r o 

Ti-ryn'-thi-a 

Ti-ryn'-thus 

Ti-sffi'-um 

Ti-sag'-o-ras 

Ti-sam'-o-nes 

Ti-san'-drus 

Ti-sar'-chus 12 

Ti-si'-a-rus 

Tis'-i-as 10 

Ti-siph'-o-ne 

Ti-siph'-o-nus 

Tis-sam'-e-nus 

Tis-sa-pher'-nes 

Ti-tae'-a 

Ti'-tan, Ti-ta'-nus 

Tit'-a-na 

Ti-ta'-nes 

TV-tans, Eng. 

Ti-ta'-ni-a 

Ti-tan'-i-des 

Ti-ta'-nus, (a giant) 

Tit'-a-nus, (a river) 

Tit-a-re'-si-us 10 

Tit'-e-nus 

Tith-e-nid'-i-a 

Ti-tho'-nus 

Tit'-i-a 19 

Tit-i-a'-na 21 

Tit-i-a'-nus 

Tit'-i-i 3 19 

Ti-thraus'-tes 

Ti-tin'-i-us 

Tit'-i-us 10 19 

Ti-tor'-mus 

Ti-tu'-ri-us 

Ti'-tus 

Tit'-y-rus 

Tit'-y-us 19 

Tle-pol'-e-mus 16 

Tma'-rus 

Tmo'-lus 13 

To-ga'-ta 

Tol'-mi-des ' 

To-lo'-sa 

To-lum'-nu 

To'-lus 



TR 

To mte'-um 

Tom'-a-rus 19 

Tom'- i-sa 

To'-mos, or To'-mia 

Tom'-y ris 19 

To'-ne-ft 

Ton-gil'-li 

To-pa'-zrs 

Top'-i-ns, or Top 1 rua 

Tor'-i-ni 3 

To-ro'-ne 

Tor-qua'-tf» 

Tor-qua'-tua 

Tor'-tor 

To'-rus 

Tor'-y-ne 

Tox-a-rid'-i-a 19 

Tox'-e-us 

Tox-ic'-ra-te 

Tra'-be-a 

Trach'-a-lus 12 

Tra'-chas 

Tra-chin'-i-a 

Trach-o-ni'-tis 

Tra'-gus 

Traj-a-nop'-o-lis 

Tra-ja'-nus 

Tra'-jan, Eng. 

Tral'-les 

Trans-tib-er-i'-na 

Tra-pe'-zus 

Tra-sul'-lus 

Tre-ba'-ti-us 10 

Tre-bel-li-a'-nus 

Tre-bel-li-e'-nus 

Tre-bel'-li-us 

Tre'-bi-a 

Tre'-bi-us 

Tre-bo'-ni-a 

Tre-bo'-ni-us 

Treb'-u-la 19 

Tre'-rus 

Trev'-e-ri 3 

Tri-a'-ri-a 

Tri-a'-ri-us 

Tri-bal'-li 3 

Trib'-o-ci 

Tri-bu'-ni 

Tric-as-ti'-ni 3 

Tric'-CEB 

Tricki-se 

Tri-cla'-ri-a 

Tri-cre'-na 

Tri-e-ter'-i-ca 

Trif-o-li'-nus 

Tri-na'-cri-a, or 
Trin'-a-cris 

Tri-no-ban'-tes 

Tri-oc'-a-la, or 
Tri'-o-cla 

Tri'-o-pas, or 
Tri'-opa 



TU 

Tri-phil'-lis 1 

Tri-phi'-lua 

Tri-phyl'-i-a 

Trip'-o-lia 19 

Trip-tol'-e-mua 

Triq'-ue-tra 

Tris-me-gia'-tut 

Trit'-i-a 10 

Trit-o-ge-ni'-a 30 

Tri'-ton 

Tri-to'-nia 

Tri-um'-vi-ri 4 

Tri-ven'-tura 

Triv'-i-a 

Triv'-i-ae An'-trum 

Triv'-i-a; Lu'-cua 

Tri-vi'-cum 

Tro'-a-des 

Tro'-aa 

Troch'-a-ri 

Troch'-o-ia 12 

Troe-ze -ne 

Trog'-i-lua 24 

Trog-lod'-y-tffi 

Tro'-gus Pom-pe'-i- 

Tro'-ja 

Troy, Eng. 

*Tro'-i-lus 

Trom-en-ti'-na 

Troph'-i-mu8 

Tro-pho'-ni-us 

Troa 

Troa'-su-lum 

Trot'-i-lum 

Tru-en'-tum, or 
Tru-en-ti'-nam 

Tryph'-e-rua 

Tryph-i-o-do'-rua 

Try'-phon 

Try-pho'-aa 

Tu'-be-ro 19 

Tuc'-ci-a 10 

Tuki-she-a 

Tu'-ci-a 10 

Tu'-der, or 
Tu-der'-ti-a 10 

Tu'-dn 3 

Tu-gi'-ni, or 
Tu-ge'-ni 

Tu-gu-ri'-nus 22 

Tu-is'-to 

Tu-lin'-gi 3 

Tul'-la 

Tul'-li-a 

Tul-li'-o-la 

Tul'-li-us 

Tu-ne'-ta, or Tu'-r 

Tun'-gri 

Tu-ra'-ni-ua 

Tur'-bo 

Tur-de-ta'-ni 

Tu-re' sis 



TY 

Tu'-ri-us 

Tur'-nus 

Tu'-ro-nes 

Tur'-pi-o 

Tu-rul'-li-us 

Tus-ca'-ni-a, and 

Tus'-ci-a 10 
Tus'-ci 3 
Tus-cu-la'-num 
Tus'-cu-lum 
Tua'-cu9 
Tu'-ta 
Tu'-ti-a 10 
Tu'-ti-curo 
Ty'-a-na 
fTy-a'-ne-us, or 

Ty-a-naV-us 
Ty-a-ni'-ti8 
Tv'-bria 
T'y'-bur 
Ty'-che 12 
Ty'-ke 

Tych'-i-ua 12 
Tycli'-i-cus 12 
Ty'-de 
ITyd'-e-us 
Ty-di'-des 
Ty-e'-nia 
Tym'-ber 
Ty-mo'-lus 
Tym-pa'-ni-a 
Tym-phre'-i 3 

Tyn-dar'-i-dea 

Tyn'-da-ria 

Tyn'-da-rua 

Tyn'-ni-chua 

Ty-phce'-us, or 
Ty-phce'-os, (sub.) 

Ty-pho'-e-us, (adj.) 

Ty'-phon 

Ty-ran-ni'-on 

Ty-ran'-nus 

Ty'-ras, or Ty'-ra 

Ty'-res 

Tyr-i-da'-tes 

Tyr'-i-i 4 

Ty-ri'-o-tes 

Ty'-ro 

Ty-rog'-ly-phus 

Ty'-ros 

Tyr-rhe'-i-d33 

Tyr-rhe'-i-des 

Tyr-rhe'-ni 

Tyr-rhe'-num 

Tyr-rhe'-nus 

Tyr'-rhe-us 

Tyr-rhi'-dffi 

Tyr'-sis 

Tyr tee'-us 

Tv' rus, or Ty'-ros 

Tyre, Eng. 

Tys'-i-as 10 



UL 

U'-BI-I 4 

U-cal'-e-gon 

U'-cu-bis 

U'-fen3 

Uf-en-ti'-na 

Ul-pi-a'-nus 

Ul'-pi-an, Eng. 

U'-lu-brse 



UN 

U-lys'-ses 

Um'-ber 

Um'-bra 

Um'-bri-a 

Um-brig'-i-us 24 

Um'-bro 

Un'-ca 



UR 

Un'-cha3 

Un-de-cem'-vi-ri 3 
U-nel'-li 3 
Unx'-i-a 
U-ra'-ni-a 
U-ra'-ni-i, or U'-ri-i 
U'-ra-nus 



US 

Ur-bic'-u-a 

Ur'-bi-cus 

U'-ri-a 

U'-ri-tes 

Ur-sid'-i-ua 

Us-ca'-na 

U-sip'-e-tes, or 



uz 

U-sip'-i-ci 3 
Us-ti'-ca 
U'-ti-ca 

Ux-el-Io-du'-num 
Ux'-i-i 3 
Ux-is'-a-ma 
U'-zi-ta 



* Troilus. — This word is almost always heard as if it 
were two syllables only, and as if written Troy'-lus. 
This is a corruption of the first magnitude : the vowels 
should be kept separate, as if written Tro'-e-lus. See 

ZOILUS. 

■f Tyaneus. — This word is only used as an adjective to 
Apollonius, the celebrated Pythagorean philosopher, and 
is formed from the town of Tyana, where he was born. 
The natural formation <jf this adjective would undoubt- 
edly be Tyaneus, with the accent on the antepenulti- 
mate syllable. Labbe, at the word Tyana, says, " et inde 
deductum Tyaneus ,• quidquid sciam reclamarenonnullos 
sed immerito, ut satis not Jnt eruditi." 

The numberless authorities which might be brought for 
pronouncing this word either way, sufficiently show how 
equivocal is its accent, and of how little importance it is 
to which we give the preference. My private opinion co- 
incides with Labbe ; but, as we generally find it written 



with the diphthong, we may presume the penultimate ac- 
cent has prevailed, and that it is the safest to follow. 

J Tydeus. — This word, like several others of the same 
termination, was pronounced by the Greeks sometimes in 
three, and sometimes in two syllables, the eu considered 
as a diphthong. When it was pronounced in three sylla- 
bles, the penultimate syllable was long, and th? accent 
was on it, as we find it in a verse of Wilkie's Epigoniad : 
" Venus, still partial to the Theban arms, 
" Tydeus'' sen seduc'd by female charms." 
But the most prevailing pronunciation was that with the 
antepenultimate accent, as we generally find it in Pope's 
Homer : 

" Next came Idomeneus and Tydeus 1 son 
" Ajax the less, and Ajax Telamon." 

Pope's Horn. b. ii. v. 50. 
See Idomeneus. 

lUyo 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



VE 

VAC-C/E'-I 3 

Va-cu'-na 

Va'-ga 

Vag-e-dru'-sa 

Va-gel'-li-us 

Va-ge'-ni 3 

Va'-Ja 

Va'-lens 

Va-len'-ti-a 10 

Val-en-tin-i-a'-nus 

Val-en-tin -*-an, 
Eng. 

Va-le'-ri-a 

Va-le-ri-a'-nus 

VaAe { -ri-an, Eng. 

Va-le'-ri-us 

Val'-e-rus 

Val'-gi-us 

Van-da'-H-i 3 4 

Van-gi'-o-nes 

Van'-ni-us 

Va-ra'-nes 

Var-ds'-i 

Va'-ri-a 

Va-ri'-ni 3 

Va-ris'-ti 

Va'-ri-us 

Var'-ro 

Va'-rus 

Vas-co'-nes 

Vat-i-ca'-nus 

Va-tin'-i-ua 

Vat-i-e'-nus 

Vec'-ti-us 10 

Ve'-di-us Pol'-li-o 

Ve-ge'-ti-us 10 

Ve'-i-a 

Ve-i-a'-nus 

Ve-i-en'-tes 

Ve-i-en'-to 

Ve'-i-i 3 

Vej-o-vis 

Ve-la'-brum 

Ve-la'-ni-us 

Ve-li-a 



VE 

Vel'-i-ca 

Ve-li'-na 

/e-li'-num 

Ve-li-o-cas'-si 3 

Vel-i-ter'-na 

Ve-li'-trsB 

Vel'-Ia-ri 3 

Vel'-le-de 

Vel-le'-i-us 

*Ve-na'-frum 

Ven-e-di 

Ven'-e-li 

Vcn'-e-ti 3 

Ve-ne'-ti-a 10 

Ven'-ice, Eng. 

Ven'-e-tus 

Ve-nil'-i-a 

Ve-no'-ni-ug 

Ven-tid'-i-us 

Ven'-ti 3 

Ven-u-le'-i-us 

Ven'-u-lus 

Ve'-nug 

Ve-nu'-si-a, or 

Ve-nu'-si-um 10 
Ve-ra'-gri 
Ve-ra '-ni-a 
Ve-ra'-ni-us 
Ver-big'-e-nus 
Ver-cel'-laB 
Ver-cin-get'-o-rix 
Ver-e'-na 
Ver-gil'-i-a 
Ver-gas-il-lau'-nus 
Ver-gel'-lus 
Ver-gil'-i-aB 
Ver-gin'-i-us 
Ver-gi-um 
Ver-go-bre'-tus 
Ver'-i-tas 
Ver-o-doc'-ti-us 10 
Ver-o-man'-du-i 
Ve-ro'-na 
Ve-ro'-nes 
Ver-o-ni'-ca 30 



VI 

Ver-re-gi'-num 

Ver'-r«s, C. 

Ver'-ri-tus 

Ver'-ri-u9 

fVer-ru'-go 

Ver'-ti-co 

Ver ti-cor'-di a 

Ver-tis'-cus 

Ver-tum'-nus 

Ver-u-la'-nus 

Ve'-rus 

Ves'-bi-us, or 
Ve-su'-bi-us 

Ves-ci-a'-num 

Ves-pa-si-a'-nus 

Ves-ya'-si-an, Eng. 

Ves-cu-Ia'-ri-us 

Ves'-e-ris 

Ve-se'-vi-us, and 
Ve-se'-vus 

Ves'-ta 

Ves-ta'-les 

Ves-ta'-li-a 

Ves-tic'-i-us 24 

Ves-til'-i-us 

Ves-til'-la 

Ves-ti'-ni 3 

Ves-ti'-nus 

Ves'-u-lus 

Ve-su'-vi-us 

Vet'-ti-us 

Vet-to'-nes 

Vet~u-lo'-ni-a 

Ve-tu'-ri-a 

Ve-tu'-ri-us 

Ve'-tus 

Vi-bid'-i-a 

Vi-bid'-i-ns 

Vib'-i-us 

Vi'-bo 

Vib-u-le'-nus 

Vi-bul' H-U3 

Vi'-ca Po'-ta 

Vi-cen' ta, or 



vo 

Vi-ce'-ti-a 10 
Vi-cel'-li-us 
Vic'-tor 
Vic-to'-ri-a 
Vic-to'-ri-ua 
Vic-to-ri'-na 
Vic-to-ri'-nus 
Vic-tum'-vi-a 
Vi-en'-na 
Vil'-li-a 

Vil'-li-US 

Vim-i-na'-li3 

Vin-cen'-ti-us 10 

Vin'-ci-us 

Vin-da'-li-us 

Vin-del'-i-ci 4 

Vin-de-mi-a'-tor 

Visi'-dex Ju'-li-us 

Vin-dic'-i-us 10 

Vin-do-nis'-sa 

Vi-nic'-i-us 10 

Vi-nid'-i-us 

Vin'-i-us 

Vin'-ni-us 

Vi|)-sa'-ni-a 

Vir'-bi-us 

Vir-gil'-i-us 

Vir'-gil, Eng. 

Vir-gin'-i-a 

Vir-gin'-i-us 

Vir-i-a'-thus 

Vir-i-dom'-a-rus 

Vi-rip'-la-ca 

Vir'-ro 

Vir'-tus 

Vi-sel'-li-us 

Vi-sel'-lus 

Vi-tel'-li-a 

Vi-tel'-li-us 

Vit'-i-a 10 

Vit'-ri-cus 

Vi-tru'-vi us 

Vit'-u-Ja 

Vo-co'-ni-a 



vu 

Vo-co'-ni-ua 
Vo-con'-ti-a 10 
Vog'-e-sus 
Vol-a-gin'-i-us 
Vo-la'-na 
Vo-Ian'-dum 
Vol-a-ter'-ra 
Vol'-cae, or 

Vol'-gaj 
Vo-Iog'-e-ses 
Vo-log'-e-sus 
Vol'-scens 
Vol'-sci, or Vol' ci 
Vo!-sin'-j-ura 
Vol-tin'-i-a 
Vo-lum'-nae Fa'-num 
Vo-lum'-ni-a 
Vo-lum'-nus 
Vo-lum'-ni-us 
Vo-lup'-tas, and 

Vo-lo'-pi-a 
Vol-u-se'-nus 
Vo-]u-si-a'-nus 
Vo-lu'-si-us 10 
Vol'-u-sus 
Vo'-Iux 
Vo-ma'-nus 
Vo-no'-nes 
Vo-pis'-cus 
Vo-ra'-nus 
Vo-ti-e'-nus 22 
Vul-ca-na'-li-a 
Vu)-ca'-ni 
Vul-ca'-ni-us 
Vul-ca'-nus 
VuV-can, Eng. 
Vul-ca'-ti-us 10 
Vul-si'-num 
Vul'-so 
Vul'-tu-ra 
Vul-tu-re'-i-us 
Vul-tu'-ri-us 
Vul-tur'-nura 
Vul-tur'-nus 



XA 

XAN'-THE 17 

Xan'-thi 

Xan'-thi-a 

Xan'-thi-ca 

Xan-tliip'-pe 

Xan-thip'-pus 

XanUho 

Xan-tho-pu'-lus 



XE 

Xan'-thus 

Xan'-ti-cles 

Xan-tip'-pe 

Xan-ti p'-pus 

Xe-nag'-o-ras 

Xe-nar'-chus 

Xen'-a-res 

Xen'-e-tus 



XE 

Xe'-ne-us 

Xe-ni'-a-des 

Xe'-ni-us 

Xen-o-cle'-a 

Xen'-o-cles 

Xen-o-cli'-des 

Xe-noc'-ra-tes 

Xe-nod' a mus 



XE 

Xe-nod'-i-ce 

Xe-nod'-o-chus 

Xen-o-do'-rus 

Xe-nod'-o-tus 

Xe-noph'-a-nes 

Xe-nopb'-i-lus 

Xen'-o-phon 

Xen-o-phon-ti'-us 



XY 

Xen-o-pi-thi'-a 

Xerx'-cs 17 

Xeu'-xes 

Xu'-thus 

Xy'-clius 

Xyn-i-as 

Xyn-o-ich'-i-a 



ZA 

ZAB'-A-TUS 19 27 

Zab-di-ce'-ne 

Za-hir'-na 

Zab'-u-)us 

Za-cyn'-thus 

Za-grfe'-us 

Za'-grus 

Zal'-a-tes 19 

Za-leu'-cus 

Za'-ma, or Zag J -ma 

Za'-me-is 

Za-mol'-xis 

Zan'-cle 

Zan'-the-nes 

Zair'-thi-cles 



ZE 

Za'-rax 

Zar-bi-e'-nus 

Zar-i-as'-pes 

Za'-thes 

Ze-bi'-na 

Ze'-la, or Ze'-li-a 

Ze'-les 

Ze-lot-'-y-pe 

Ze'-Ius 

Ze'-no 

Ze-ivi'-bi-a 

Zen'-o-cles 

Zen-o-cli'-des 

Zen-o-do'-rus 



ZE 

Zen-o-do'-ti-a 

tZe-nod'-o-tus 

Ze-noth'-e-mis 

Zo-nopb'-a-nes 

Ze-phyr'-i-um 

Zeph'-y-rus 

Zeph'-y-rum 

Ze-ryiv-thus 

Ze'-thes, or Ze'-tus 

Zeu-gi-ta'-na 

Zeug'-ma 

Ze'-us 

Zeux-id'-a-mus 

Zeux'-i-das 



ZO 

Zeu-xip'-pe 

Zeu'-xis 

Zeu ; -xo 

Zi-gi'-ra 

Zil'-i-n, or Ze'-lis 

Zi-my'-ri 

Zj-ob'-e-ris 

Zi-pac'-tes 

Zmil'-a-ces 16 

§Zo'-i-lus 29 

Zo-i p'-pus 

Zo'-na 

Zon'-a-ras 

Zoph'-o-rus 



ZY 

Zo-pyr'-i-o 

Zo-pyr'-i-on 

Zop'-y-rus 19 

Zor-o-as'-ter 

Zos'-i-mus 

Zos'-i-no 

Zos-te'-ri-a 

Zo-thraus'-tes 

Zy-gan'-tcs 

Zyg'-e-na 

Zyg'-i-a 

Zy-gom'-a-Ia 

Zy-gop'-o-lis 

Zy-gri'-tae 



* Venafrum- — Though the accent may be placed either 
on the antepenultimate or the penultimate syllable of this 
word, the latter is by far the preferable, as it is adopted 
by Lempriere, Labbe, Gouldman, and other good author- 
ities. 

t P'e.rruffo.—l have given this word the penultimate ac- 
cent with Lempriere, in opposition to Ainsworth, who 
adopts the antepenultimate. 

j" 7,enodotus. — All oar prosodists but Lempriere give 
this word tha antepenultimate accent; and, till a good 



reason is given why it should differ from Herodotus, I 
must beg leave to follow the majority. 

§ Zoilus.— The two vowels in this word are always- 
separated in the Greek and Latin, but in the English pro- 
nunciation of it they are frequently blended into a diph- 
thong, as in the words oil, boil, &c." This, however, is an 
illiterate pronunciation, and should he avoided. Tha 
word should have three syllables. and be pronounced as if 
written Zo'-e-lus. 

1094 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



BY inspecting tno foregoing; Vocabulary, we see that. 
notwithstanding all the barriers with which the learned! 
have guarded the accentuation of the dead languages, 
still some words there are which despise their laws, and 
boldly adopt the analogy of English pronunciation. It is 
true the catalogue of these is not very numerous: for, as 
an errour of this kind incurs the penalty of being thought 
illiterate and vulgar, it i? no wonder that a podantick ad- 
herence to Greek and Latin should, in doubtful cases, bo 
generally preferred. 

But, as the letters of tho dead languages have insensi- 
bly changed their sound by passing into the living ones, 
so it is impossible to preserve the accent from sliding 
sometimes into the analogies of our own tongue ; and, 
when once words of this kind are fixed in the publick ear, 



it is not only a useless, but a pernicious pedantry to dis- 
turb them. Who could hear with .tit pity of Alexander's 
passing the river Grani'cus, or of his marrying the sis- 
ter of Parydalial Thesn words, and ueveral others*, 
must be looked upon as planets shot from 'their original 
spheres, and moving round another centre. 

After all the care, therefore, that has been taken to ac- 
cent words according to the best authorities, some have 
been found so differently marked by different prosodists, 
as to make it no easy matter to know to which we shall 
give the preference. In this cose I i.ave ventured to give 
my opinion without presuming to decide, and merely us 
an 'Evioriicbv, or Interim, till the learned have pronoun* 
ed the final sentence. 

1095 



/l 



PREFACE 



TERMINATIONAL VOCABULARY. 



TAKING a retrospective view of language, or survey- i 
•ng it ,n its terminations, affords not only a new, but an ! 
advantageous view of ah languages. The necessity of i 
this v.ew induced me, several years ago, to arrange the ! 
whole English language according to its terminations ; j 
and this arrangement I found of infinite use to me in con- 
sulting the analogies of our tongue. A conviction of its ! 
utility made me desirous of arranging the Greek and j 
Latin proper names in the same manner, and more par- j 
ticularly as the pronunciation of these languages depends i 
more on the termination of words than any other we are | 
acquainted with. Of such utility is this arrangement 
supposed to be in the Greek language, that the son of the j 
famous Hoogeven, who wrote on the Greek particles, has I 
actually printed such a dictionary, which only waits for | 
a preface to be published. The labour of such a selection j 
and arrangement must have been prodigious ; nor is the 
task I have undertaken in the present work a slight one: 
but the idea of rendering the classical pronunciation of 
proper names still more easy, encouraged me to persevere 
in the labour, however dry and fatiguing. 

I flattered myself I had already promoted this end, by 
dividing the proper names into syllables upon analogical j 
principles, but hoped 1 could still add to the facility of! 
recollecting their pronunciation, by the arrangement here I 
adopted; which, in the first place, exhibits the accent i 
and quantity of every word by its termination. 

In the next place, it shows the extent of this accentua- i 
tion, by producing, at one view, all the words, differently 
accented, by which means may be formed the rule and the 
exception. 

Thirdly, when the exceptions are but few, and less apt 
to be regarded, by seeing them contrasted with the rule, ! 
they are imprinted more strongly on the memory, and are j 
the more easily recollected. Thus, by seeing that Sper- I 
chius, Xenophontius, and Darius., are the only words, of, 
thac very numerous termination, which have the accent, 
on the penultimate, we are at perfect ease about all the 
rest. 

Fourthly, by seeing that all words ending in enes have ! 
universally the antepenultimate accent, we easily recol- 
lect that the pronunciation of Eumenes with the accent 
on the penultimate is radically wrong, and is only toler- 
ated because adopted by some respectable writers. Thus, | 
too, the numerous termination in ades is seen to be per- 
fectly antepenultimate; and the ambiguous termination 
in ides is freed in some measure from its intricacy, by 
seeing the extent of both forms contrasted. This con- 
trast, without being obliged to go to Greek etymologies, 
shows at one view when this termination has the accent 
on the penultimate i, as in Tydides ; and when it trans- 



fers the accent to the antepenultimate, as in Thucydides ; 
which depends entirely on the quantity of the original 
word from which these patronymicks are formed. 

And, lastly, when the number of words pronounced 
with a different accent are nearly equal, we can at least 
find some way of recollecting their several accentuations 
better than if they were promiscuously mingled with all 
the rest of the words in the language. By frequently 
repeating them as they stand together, the ear will gain 
a habit of placing the accent properly, without knowing 
why it does so. In short, if Labbe's Catholici Indices, 
which is in the hands of all the learned, be useful for 
readily finding the accent and quantity of proper names, 
the present Index cannot fail to be much more so, as it 
not only associates them by their accent and quantity, 
but according to their termination also ; and, by this ad- 
ditional association, it must necessarily render any diver- 
sity of accent more easily perceived and remembered. 

To all which advantages it may b9 added, that this 
arrangement has enabled me to point out the true sound 
of every termination ; by which means those who are 
totally unacquainted with the learned languages will find 
themselves instructed in the true pronunciation of the 
final letters of every word, as well as its accent and 
quantity. 

It need scarcely be observed, that, in the following In- 
dex, almost all words of two syllables are omitted : for, 
as dissyllables in the Greek and Latin languages are al- 
ways pronounced with the accent on the first, it was 
needless to insert them. The same may be observed of 
such words as have the vowel in the penultimate syllable 
followed by vwo consonants , for, in this case, unless the 
former of these consonants was a mute, and the latter a 
liquid, the penultimate vowel was always long, and con- 
sequently always had the accent. This analogy takes 
place in our pronunciation of words from the Hebrew ; 
which, with the exception of some few that have been 
anglicised, such as Bethlehemite, Nazarene, &.C., have 
the accent, like the Greek and Latin words, either on the 
penultimate or antepenultimate syllable. 

It might have been expected, that I should have confin- 
ed myself to the insertion of proper names alone, without 
bringing in the gentile adjectives*, as they are called, 
which are derived from them. This omission would, un- 
doubtedly, have saved me immense trouble ; but these 
adjectives, being sometimes used as substantives, made 
it difficult to draw the line ; and as the analogy of accent- 
uation was, in some measure, connected with these ad- 
jectives, I hoped the trouble of collecting and arranging 
them would not be entirely thrown away. 

1096 



TERMINATIOIVAL VOCABULARY 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES, 



AA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
ABAA * Nausicaa. 

BA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ababa, Desudaba, Alaba, Allaba, Abalhba, Cillaba, 
Adeba, Abnoba, Onoba, Arnoba, Ausoba, Hecuba, Gel- 
duba, Corduba, Voluba, Rutuba. 

ACA ECA ICAf OCA UCA YCA 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Cleonica, Thessalonica, Veronica, Noctiluca, Doauca. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ithaca, Andriaca, Malaca, Tabraca, Mazaca, Seneca, 
Cyrenaica, Belgica, Georgica, Cabalica, Italica, Maltil- 
ica, Bellica, Laconica, Leonica, Marica, Marmarica, Co- 
nimbrica, Merobrica, Mirobrica, Cetobrica, Andcrica, 
America, Africa, Arborica, Aremorica, Armorica, Norica, 
Tetrica, Asturica, Illyrica, Nasica, Esica, Corsica, Athat- 
ica, Boetica, Ceretica, Anaitioa,Celtica, Salmantica, Cyr- 
rliestica, Ustica, Utica, Engravica, Oboca, Amadoca, 
Aesyca, Mutyca. 

^ DA 

Accent the Penultimate 
Abdeda, Hecameda, Diomeda, Amida, Actrida. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Aada, Adada, Symada, Bagrada, Suada, Idubeda, An- 
dromeda, Ceneda, Agneda, Voneda, Candida, Egida, An- 
derida, Florida,}: Pisida. 

JEA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Dicsea, Nicaea, and all words of this termination. 
EA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Laodicea, Stratonicea, Cymodocea, Medea, Ligea, Ar- 
gea, Amathea, Alphea, Erythea, Ethalea, Malea, Hera- 
clea, Amphiclea, Theoclea, Agathoclea, Androclea, 
Euryclea. Penthesilea, Achillea, Asbamea, Alcidamea, 
Cad'mea, Elimea, iEnea, Mantinea, Maronea, Chsronea, 
iEpea, Barea, Ceesarea, Neocresarea, Cytherea, Ipsea, 
Hypsea, Galatea, Platea, Myrtea (a city). 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Pharnacea, Ardea, Tegea, JEthea, Dexithea, Leucothea, 
Alea, Doclea, Dioclea, Elea, Marcellea, Demea, Castanea, 



* As the accent is never on the last syllable of Greek 
01 Latin proper names, the final a must be pronounced 
as in English words of this termination ; that is, nearly 
as the interjection ah '. — See Rule 7, prefixed to the Ini- 
tial Vocabulary. 

t Ofall the words ending in tea, Cleonica, Veronica, 
and Thessalonica, are the only three which have the pe- 
nultimate accent. — See Rule the 29th, prefixed to the 
Initial Vocabulary, and the words Asdronicus and 

SoPHRONICTJS. 

J Labbe tells us that some of the most learned men 
pronounce this part, of America with the accent on the 
penultimate syllable. 

§ The vewels in this termination do not form a diph- 
thong. The accent is u pon the first a, the t is pronounced 
like y consonant in year, and the final a nearly like the a 
'n father, or the interjection ah ! — See Rule 7. 

|l Words of this termination have the cia pronounced 
as if written ahe-a. — See Rule 10, prefixed to the Initial 
Vocabulary. 

IT See Rule 30, and the word in the Initial Vocabu- 
lary. 

138 



Aminea, Ficulnea, Albunea, Boea, Clupea or Clypea, 
Abarbarea, Chrerea, Verrea, Laurea, Thyrea, Rosea. 
Odyssea, Etea, Tritea, Myrtea (a name of Venus), Butea 
Abazea. 

CEA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Melibcea, Euboea, and all words of this termination. 
GA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abaga, Bibaga, Ampsaga, Aganzaga, Noe'ga, Arabiiga, 
Aobriga, Segobriga, Coeliobriga, Flaviobriga. 
HA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Malacha, Pyrrhicha, Adatha, Agatha, Badenatha, 
Abaratha, Monumetha. 

AIA 
Ascent the Antepenultimate. 
Achaia,§ Panchaia, Aglaia, Maia. 
BIA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arabia, Trebia, Contrebia, Albia, Balbia, Olbia, (torym- 
bia, Zenobia, Cornubia. 

CIA|| 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Nicacia, Dacia, Salacia, Wormacia, Thaumacia, Con- 
nacia, Ambracia, Thracia, Samothracia, Artacia, Accia, 
Gallacia, Grsecia, Voadicia, Vindelicia, Cilicia, Libyphoe- 
nicia, Aricia, Chalcia, Francia, Provincia, Cappadocia. 
Porcia, Muscia, Ascia, Iscia, Thuscia, Boruscia, Soleu 
cia.1T Tucia, Lycia. 

DIA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Iphimedia,** Laomedia, Protomedia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Badia, Arcadia, Leucadia, Media, Iphimedia, Nicome- 
dia, Polymedia, Eporedia, Corsedia, Suedia, Fordicidia, 
Numidia, Canidia, Japidia, Pisidia, Gallovidia, Scandia, 
India, Burgundia, Ebodia, Clodia, iErodia, Longobardia, 
Cardia, Verticordia, Concordia, Discordia, Herephordia, 
Claudia, Lydia. 

EIA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Elegeia,ff Hygeia, Antheia, Cartheia, Aquileia, Pom- 
peia, Deiopeia, Tarpeia, Carteia. 



** See Ifhigenia, in the Initial Vocabulary. 

ft The ancients sometimes separated the vowels ei in 
this termination, and sometimes pronounced them as a 
diphthong. The general mode of pronouncing them 
with us is to consider them as a diphthong, and to 
pronounce it as long or double e ; which, from its 
squeezed sound, approaches to the initial y, and makes 
these words pronounced as if written El-e-je'-yah, Hy- 
jc'-yah, &c. This is the pronunciation which ought 
to be adopted ; but scholars, who are fond of display- 
ing their knowledge of Greek, will be sure to pro- 
nounce Elegeia, Ilygeia, or rather Hygieia, Antheia, 
and Deiopeia, with the diphthong like the noun eye; 
while Cartheia, or Carteia, Aquileia, Pompeia, and Tar- 
peia, of Latin original, are permitted to have their diph- 
thongs sounded like double e, or, which is nearly the 
same thing if the vowels are separated, to sound the e 
long, as in equal, and the i as y consonant, articulating 
the final a. — See note on Achaia. 

For a more complete idea of the sound of this diph- 
thong, see the word Pleiades, in the Initial Vocabulary. 
To which observations we may add, that, when this 
diphthong in Greek is reduced to the single long i in 
Latin, as in Iphigenia, Elegia, &c.,it is pronounced like 
single i, that is, like the noun eye. 
1097 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



GIA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Sphagia, I.agia, Athanagia, Cantabrigia, Ortigia, Nor- 

vigia, Langia, Eningia, Finningia, Lotharingia, Turingia, 

Sergia, Orgia, Pelasgia, Fugia, Rugia, Ogygia, Jopygia, 

Phrygia, Zygia. 

HIA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Sophia, Xenopithia, Anthia. Erythia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Valachia, Lysimachia, Centauromachia, Inachia, Xyn- 
sichia, Antiochia, Amphilochia,Munychia, Philadelphia, 
Apostrophia, Scarphia, Acryphia, Emathia, iEmathia, 
Alethia, Hyacinthia, Carinthia, Tyrinthia, Cynthia, Ty- 
rynthia, Parthia, Scythia, Pythia. 

LIA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Thalia, Aristoclia, Basilia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
CEbalia, Fornicalia, Lupercalia, Acidalia, Vandalia, 
Podalia, Megalia, Robigalia, Fugalia, CEchalia, West- 
phalia, ^Ethalia, Alalia, Vulcanalia, Paganalia, Bac- 
chanalia, Terminalia, Fontinalia, Vertumnalia, Portum- 
nalia, Agonalia, Angeronalia, Saturnalia, Faunalia, Por- 
tunalia, Opalia, Liberalia, Feralia, Floralia, Lemuralia, 
Salia, Pharsalia, Thessalia, iEtalia, Italia, Compitalia, 
Carrr.ontalia, Laurentalia, Castalia, Attalia, Psytalia, 
Mamblia, iElia, Ca?lia, Belia, Celia, Decelia, Ageha, 
Helia, Cornelia, Cloelia, Aspelia, Cerelia, Aurelia, Veha, 
Anglia, Caecilia, Sicilia, ^Egilia, Cingilia, Palilia, 
^Emilia, iEnilia, Venilia, Parilia, Basilia, Absilia, Her- 
giiia, Massilia, Atilia, Anatilia, Petilia, Antilia, &uin- 
tilia, Hostilia, Cutilia, Aqnilia, Servilia, Elaphobolia, 
Ascolia, Padolia, JEolia, Folia, Natolia, Anatolia, iEto- 
(ia, Nauplia, Daulia, Figulia, Julia, Apulia, Gaetulia, 
Gutulia, Tiiphylia, Pamphylia. 

MIA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Deidamia,* Laodamia, Hippodamia, Astydamia, Apa- 
mia, Hydramia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lamia, Mesopotamia, Cadmia, Academia, Archidemia, 
Eudemia, Isthmia, Holmia, Posthumia. 

NIA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Amphigenia, Iphigenia.f Tritogenia, Lasthenia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Albania, Sicania, Hyrcania, Arcania, Lucania, Dania, 
Codania, Dardania, Epiphania, Alania, Mania, Carma- 
nia, Germania, Normania, Cinnania, Acarnania, Campa- 
nia, Hispania, Pomerania, Afrania, Urania, Bassania, 
Actania, Edetania, Laletania, Occitania, Ossigitania, 
Mauritania, Lusitania, Titania, Sexitania, Alentania, 
Contestania, Mevania, Lithuania, Transylvania, Azania, 
/Enia, Actcenia, Aberdenia, Ischenia, Tyrvhenia, Parthe- 
nia, Diogenia, Menia, Ach;vmcnia, Armenia, Nenia, 
NoDnia, Pcenia, Cebrenia, Senia, Arnagnia, Signia, Al- 
binia, Lacinia, Dinia, Sardinia, Fulginia, Virginia, 
Bechinia, Machlinia,Ciminia, Eleusinia, Tinia, Lavinia, 
Mervinia, Lamnia, Lycemnia, Polyhymnia, Alemannia, 
Britannia, Fescennia, Aonia, Lycaonia, Chaonia, Catalo- 
nia, Laconia, Glasconia, Adonia, Macedonia, Marcedonia, 
Caledonia, Mygdonia, Aidonia, Asidonia, Posidonia, Ab- 
bendonia, Herdonia, Laudonia, Cydonia, Ma-onia, Pseonia, 
Pelagonia, Paphkgonia, Aragonia, Antigonia, Sithonia, 
Ionia, Agrionia, Avalonia, Aquilonia, Apollonia, Colo- 
nia. Polonia, Populonia, Vetulonia, Babylonia, Acmonia, 
,Eiiioiiia, HtEmonia, Tremonia, Ammonia, Harmonia, 
Codanonia, Sinonia, Pannonia, Bononia,Lamponia, Pom- 
ponia, Cronia, Feronia, Sophronia, Petronia, Antronia, 
Duronia, Turonia, Csesonia, Ausonia, Latonia, Tritonia, 
Boltonia. Ultonia, Hantonia, Vintonia, Wintonia, Bisto- 
nia, Plutonia, Favonia, Sclavonia, Livonia, Arvonia, 
Saxonia, Exonia, Sicyonia, Narnia, Sarnia, Dorebernia, 
llibernia, Cliternia, Lindisfornia, Vigornia, Wigornia, 
[>iburnia, Calphurnia, Saturnia, Pornia, Daunia, Cerau 
nia, Acroceraunia, Junia, Clunia, Neptunia, Ercynia, 
Bithynia, Macrynia. 

01 A 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Latbia. 



PIA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Apia, Salapia, Manapia, Messapia, Asc'ipia, Lampia : 
Olympia, Ellopia, Dolopia, CEnopia, Cecropia, Mopsopia 
Appia, Lappia, Oppia, Luppia, Antuerpia. 

RIA 

Accent tht Penultimate. 
Daria. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Aria, Baria, Fabaria, Columbaria, Barbaria, Caria, 
Ficaria, Calcaria, Sagaria, Megaria, Hungaria, Pharia, 
Salaria, Hilaria, Allaria, Mallaria, Sigillaria, Anguilla 
ria, Samaria,}; Palmaria, Planaria, Enaria, Maenaria,Gal 
linaria, Asinaria, Carbonaria, Chaunaria, Colubraria, 
Agraria, Diocaesaria, Pandataria, Cotaria, Nivaria, 
Antiquaria, Cervaria, Pctuaria, Argentuaria, Calabria, 
Cantabria, Cambria, Sicambria, Mesembria, Fimbria, 
Umbria, Cumbria, Selymbria, Abobria, Amagetobria, 
Trinacria, Teucria, Molycria, Adria, Hadria, Geldria, 
Andria, Scamandria, Anandria, Cassandria, Alexandria, 
JEna., Egeria, Aeria, Faberia, Iberia, Celtiberia, Luceria, 
Nuceria, ^Egeria, ^Etheria, Eleutheria, Pieria, Aleria, 
Valeria, Ameria, Numeria, Neria, Casperia, Cesperia, 
Hesperia, Hyperia, Seria, Fabrateria, Compulteria, As- 
teria, Anthesteria, Faveria, Lhcegria, Iria, Liria, Equiria, 
Oschoforia, Daphnephoria, Themophoria, Anthesphoria, 
Chilmoria, Westmoria, Eupatoria, Anactoria, Victoria, 
Pretoria, Arria, Atria, Eretria, Feltria, Conventria, 
Bodotria, QEnotria, Cestria, Cicestria, Circestria, Thales- 
tria, Istria, Austria, Industria, Tublustria, Uria, Calau- 
ria, Isauria, Curia, Duria, Manduria, Furia, Liguria, 
Remuria, Etruria, Hetruria, Turia, Apaturia, Bseturia, 
Beturia, Asturia, Syria, Coelesyria, Ccelosyria, Leuco- 
syria, Assyria. 

SIA§ 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Asia, Chadasia, Lasia, Seplasia, Amasia, Aspasia, 
Therasia, Agirasia, Austrasia, Anastasia, Arbsia, iEsia, 
Caesia, Maesia, ^Edesia, Artemesia, Magnesia, Moosia, 
Merpesia, Ocresia, Euphratesia, Artesia, Suesia, Bisia, 
Calisia, Provisia, Hortensia, Chenobosia, Leucosia, Pan- 
dosia, Theodosia, Arachosia, Orthosia, Rosia, Thespro- 
sia, Sosia, Lipsia, Nupsia, Persia, Nursia, Tolassia, 
Cephissia, Russia, Blandusia, Clusia, Ampelusia, Anthe- 
musia, Acherusia, Perusia, Bysia, Sicysia, Mysia, Dio- 
nysia. 

TIA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sabatia, Ambatia, Latia, Calatia, Galatia, Collatia, 
Dalmatia, Sarmatia, Egnatia, Aratia, Alsaiia, Actia, 
Cffitia, Rhsetia, Anretia, Vicetia, Pucetia, Pometia, Ane- 
tia, Clampetia, Lucretia, Cyretia, Seiia, Lutetia, Hel- 
vetia, Uzetia, Phiditia, Angitia, Androlitia, Sulpitia, 
Naritia, Delgovitia, Baltia, Bantia, Brigantia, Murgan- 
tia, Almantia, Numantia, Aperantia, Constantia, Pla- 
centia, Picentia, Lucentia, Fidentia, Digentia, Morgentia, 
Valentia, Pollentia, Polentia, Terentia, Florentia, Lau- 
rentia, Consentia, Potentia, Faventia, Confluentia, Li- 
quentia, Druentia, duintia, Pontia, Acherontia, Alisontia, 
Moguntia, Scotia, Bceotia, Scaptia, Martia, Tertia, Se- 
bastia, Bubastia, Adrastia, Bestia, Modestia, Segestia. 
Orestia, Charistia, Ostia, Brattia, Acutia, Minutia, Cos- 
sutia, Tutia, Clytia, Narytia. 

VIA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Candavia, Blavia, Flavia, Menavia, Scandinavia, As- 

pavia, Moravia, Warsavia, Octavia, Juvavia, ^Evia, 

Cendevia, Menevia, Suevia, Livia, Trivia. Urbesalvia, 

Sylvia, Moscovia, Segovia, Gergovia, Nassovia, Cluvia. 

XIA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Brixia, Cinxia. 

YIA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ilithyia,|| Orithyia. 

ZIA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sabazia, Alyzia. 

ALA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ahala, Messala. 



* See Rule 30. 

■f See this word in the Initial Vocabulary. 

% For the accent of this word and Alexandria, see 
Rule 30, prefixed to the Initial Vocabulary. 

§ The s in this termination, when preceded by a vowel, 
ought always to be sounded like ih, as if written Ama- 



ihia, Aspaihia, &c. Asia, Theodosia, and Sosia, seem 
to be the only exceptions.— See Principles of English 
Pronunciation, No. 453, prefixed to this Dictionary. 

|| The vowels ia, in these words, must be pronounced 
distinctly in two syllables, as if written ll-ith-e-V-ah 
O-rith-e-ii-ah ; the penultimate syllable pronounced as 
the noun eye. 

1098 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abala, Gabala.Cnstabalu, Onobala, Triocala, Crocala, 
Abdala, DaedalaJJucephaki, Abliala, Astyphala, Moenala, 
Avalu. 

CLA 

Accent either the Penultimate or Antepenultimate syl- 
lable. 
Amicla. 

ELA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Arbela (in Persia), Acela, Adelu, Suadela, Mandela, 
Philomela, Amstela. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arbela (in Sicily.) 

OLA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
rublicola, Anionicola. Junonicola, Neptunicola, Agric- 
ola, Baticola, Luucola, -Eola, Abrostola, Scoevola. 
ULA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abula, Trebula, Albula, Carbula, Callicula, Saticula, 
Adula, Acidula, .(Egula, Caligula, Artigula, Longula, 
Ortopula, Merula, Casperula, Asnla, yEsula, Fresula, 
Sceptpsula, Sceptensula, Insula, Vitula, Vistula. 

YLA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Idyla, Massyla. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abyla. 

AMA EMA IMA OMA UMA YMA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cynossema, Aroma, Narracustoma. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Pandama, Abderama, Asama, Uxama, Acema, Obrima, 
Perrima, Oertima, Boreostoma, Decuma, Didyma, Hier- 
osolyma, jEsyma. 

ANA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Albana, Pandana,Trajana,Marciana, Diana, Sogdiana, | 
Drangiana, Margiana, Aponiana, Pomponiana, Trojana, 
Copiana, Mariana, Drusiana, Susiana, Statiana,Glottiana, 
Yiana, Alana, Crococalana, Eblana, iElana, Amboglana, 
Yindolana, duerculana, Gluerquetulana, Amana, Almana, 
Comana, Mumaua, Barpana, Clarana, Adrana, Messana, 
Catana, Accitana, Astigitana, Zeugitana, Meduana, 
Makana, Cluana, Novana, Equana. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abana,Fricana, Concana, Adana, Cispadana, Sagana, 
Achana, Leuphana, Hygiana, Drepana, Barpana, Ecba- 
tana, Catana, Sequana, Cyana, Tyana. 

ENA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Labena, Characena, Medena, Fidena. Aufidena, Agee- 
rta. Comagena, Dolomena, Capena, Caesena, Messena, Ar- 
tcna. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Phcebigena, Graphigena, Aciligena, Ignigena, Juno- 
nigena, Opigena, Nysigena, Bcetigena, Trojugena, iEgos- 
thena, Alena, Helena, Pellena, Porsena, Atena, Polyxena, 
Theoxena. 

INA* 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Arabina, Acina, Cloacina, Tarracina, Cluacina, Ccecina, 
Ricina, Runcina, Cercina, Lucina, Erycina, Acradina, 
Achradina, ^Egina, Bachina, Acanthina, Messalina, 
Catalina, Fascelina, Mechlina, Tellina, Callina, Medul- 
lina, Cleobulina, Tutulina, Ceenina, Cenina, Antonina, 
Heroina, Apina, Cisalpina, Transalpina, Agrippina, 
Abarina, Carina, Larina, Camarina, Sabrina, Phalacrina, 
Acerina, Lerina, Camerina, Terina, Jampborina, Caprir.a, 
Myrina, Casina, Felsina, Abusina, Eleusina, Atina, Cati- 
na, Metina, Libitina, Maritina, Libentina, Adrumentina, 
Ferentina, Aventina, Aruntina, Potina, Palaestina, Muti- 
na, Flavina, Levina. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acina, Fascellina, Proserpina, Asina, Sarsina. 

ONA 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Abona, Uxacona, Libisocona, Usocona, Saueona, Dodo- 

na,Scardona, Adeona, Aufona, Salona, Bellona, Duellona, 

^Emona, Cremona, Artemona, Salmona, Homona, Pomona, 

Flanona, ^Enona, Hippoaa, Narona, Aserona, Angerona, 



Verona, Matrona, .<Esona, Latona, Antona, Dertona, 
Ortona, Cortona, Alvona, Axona. 

UNA 

Accent the Antepenultimate 



Ancboa. 



OA 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 



IPA OPA UPA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Argyripa, Europa, Catadupa. 

ARA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Abdara. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abara, Acara, Imacara, Accara, Cadara, Gadara, Ab- 
dara, Megara, Machara, Imacbarc, Phalara, Cinara. 
Cynara, Lipara, Lupara, Isara, Patara, Mazara. 

CRA DRA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lepteacra, Charadra, Clepsydra. 

ERA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Abdera, Andera, Cythera (the island Cerigo, near 
Crete.) 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Libera, Glycera, Acadera, Jadera, Abdera, Andera, 

Aliphera, Cytherae (the city of Cyprus), Hiera, Crennera, 



Cassera. 



GRA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 



Tanagra, Beregra. 

HRA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Libethra. 

IRA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Daira, Thelaira, Stagira, JEg'u&, Deianira, Metanira, 
Thyatira. 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Cybira. 

ORA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Pandora, Aberdora, Aurora, Vendesora, Windesora. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ebora. 

TRA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Cleopatra. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Excetra, Leucopetra, Triquetra. 

URA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Cabura, Ebura, ^Ebura, Balbura, Subura, Pandura, 
Baniura, Asura, Lesura, Isura, Cynosura, Lactura, As- 
tura. 

YRA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ancyra, Cercyra, Corcyra, Lagyra, Palmyra,f Cosyra, 
Tentyra. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Laphyra, Glaphyra, Philyra, Cebyra, Anticyra. 

ASA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abasa, Banasa, Dianasa, Harpasa. 

ESA ISA OSA 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Ortogesa, Alesa, Halesa, Namesa, Alpesa, Berresa, 

Mentesa, Amphisa, Elisa, Tolosa, ^Erosa, Dertosa, Cor- 

tuosa. 

USA YSA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Pharmacusa, Pithecusa, Nartecusa, Phcenicusa, Cela- 
dusa, Padusa, Lopadusa, Medusa, Eleusa, Creusa, Lagu- 
sa, Elaphusa, Agathusa, Marathusa, ^Ethusa, Phcethusa, 
Arethusa, Ophiusa, Elusa, Cordilusa, Drymusa, Eranusa, 
Ichnusa, Colpusa, Aprusa, Cissusa, Scotusa, Dryusa, 
Donysa. 



* Every word of this termination, with the accent on 
the penultimate syllable, has the i pronounced as the noun 
eye.— See Rules 1, 3, and 4, prefixed to the Initial Vocab- 
ulary. 



t Palmyra.— See this word jn the Initial Vocahh- 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



ATA 



* See Rule 4 of the Initial Vocabulary. 

| The termination of yce, with the accent on the pre- 
ceding syllable, must be pronounced as two similar let- 
ters ; that is, as if spelt Halic-e-e, Min-e-e, &c— See Rule 
4 of the Initial Vocabulary. 



Accent the Penultimate. 
Braccata, Adadata, Rhadata. Tifata, Tiphata, Croto- 
niata, Alata, Amata, Acmata, Comata, Sannata, Napata, 
Demarata, Quadrata, Orata, Annosata, Congavata, Ar- 
taxcta. 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Chaerestrata. 

ETA ITA OTA UTA 

Accent the Penultimate. 

iEta, Caieta, Moneta, Demareta, Myrteta, Herbita, 

Areopagita, Melita, Abderita, Artemita, Stagirita, 

Uzita, Phthiota, Epirota, Contributa, Cicuta, Aluta, 

Matuta. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Damocrita, Emerita. 

AVA EVA IVA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Clepidava, Abragava, Calleva, Geneva, Areva, Atteva, 
I juteva, Galliva. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Batava. 

UA 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Accua, Addua, Hedua, Heggua, Armua, Capua, Feb- 
rua, Achrua, Palatua, Elatua, Mantua, Agamzua. 

YA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Libya, Zerolibya, ^Ethya, Carya, Marsya. 

AZA EZA OZA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Abaraza, Mieza, Baragoza. 

AE 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Nausicae, Pasiphae. 

B./E CiE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Marie® 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Colubae, Vaginiacaa, Carmocas, Oxydracae, Gallics, 
Hieronicae, Coricae, Anticae, Odrycae. 

ABM 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
^Enead33, Bacchiadae, Scipiadae, Battiadae, Thestiadae. 

IDJE UDJE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Proclidae, Basilidas, Orestidae, Ebudae, iEbudee. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
LabdacidaB, Seleucidae, Adrymachidae, Branchidse, 
Pyrrhidae, Basilidae, Romulidae, Numidae, Dardanidae, 
Borysthenidae, Ausonidae, Cecropidae, Gangaridae, Mar- 
maridae, Tyndaridae, Druidae. 

JEJE EiE FM GJE UJE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Achaeae, Platajae, Napoeae, Allifae. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Diomedefe, Cyaneac, Cenchreae, Capreae, Plateas, Callifac, 
Latobrigae, Lapithae. 

LiE* 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Baias, Graiae, Stabiae, CiliciaB, Cercite, Besidiae, Rudiae, 
Taphise, Versaliae, Ficeliae, Encheliac, Cloeliae, Cutiliae, 
Esquiliae, Exquiliae, Formiae, Volcaniae, Arania3, Armeniae, 
Britanniae, Boconiae, Chelidoniae, Pioniae, Gemoniae, Xy niac, 
Ellopiae, Herpiae, Caspiae, Cuniculariae, Canariae, Purpuia- 
riae, Chabriae, Feriae, Laboriae, Emporiae, Caucasia}, Ves- 
pasiae, Corasiffl, Prasiae, Ithacesiae, Gymnesiee, Etesiae, 
Gratiae, Venetiae, Piguntrae, Selinuntiae, Sestiae, Cottiae, 
Landavi®, Harpyis. 

LJE M^E 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Pialae, Agagamalffi, Apsilae, Apenninicolce, iEquicolae, 

Apiolae, Epipolae, Bolbulae, Anculae, Fulfulae, Fesulae, 

Carsulae, Latulae, Thermopylae, Acrocomap, Achomae, Sol- 

ym». 

ANiE EN.E 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Africanae, Clodian33, Valentinianae, Marianae, Valenti- 
anas, Sextianae, Cumanas, Adiabenaa, Mycenae, Fregenae, 



Sophenae, Athenae, Hermathenae, Mitylenae, Acesamonee, 
Achmenae, Classomen®, CamcenaB, Convenes. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Apenninigenae, Faunigenae, Ophiogenae. 

INM ON^E VNJE ZO.E 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Salinas, Calamine, Agrippinae, Carinas, Taurine, Phi- 
listine, Cleonae, Vennonae, Oonae, Vacunae, Androgunae, 



Abzoae. 



IP^E UP2E 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 



Centuripas, Rutupae. 
ARJE ER.E UBR^E YTHR^E ORiE ATR^E ITR.E 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Adiabarae, Andaros, Ulubrce, Budorae, Alachorae, Coa- 
tra, Velitrae. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Eleuthere, Bliterae, Erythrae, Pylagorae. 
AS.E ES,E USjE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Syracuse, Pithecusae, Pityusae. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Pagasae, Acesae. 

ATiE ET^E 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Meeatae, Abrincatae, Lubeatee, Docleatae, Pheneatae, 

Acapeatae, Magatae, Olciniatae, Crotoniatae, Galatae, Arc- 

latae, Hylata?, Arnatse, Iaxamatae, Dalmatas, Sauroroatae, 

Exomatae, Abrinatae, Fortunatae, Asampatae, Cybiratae, 

Vasatae, Circetae, iEsymnetae, Agapetae, Aretae, Diaparet®. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Thyroagetae, Massagetae, Aphetae, Denseletae, Cceletas, 

Demetae. 

1TJE OTiE UT.E YTjE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ascitae, Abraditae, Achitae, Aboniteichitae, Accabacoti- 
chitae, Arsagalitae, Avalitae, Phaselitee, Brullitae, Hierapo- 
litae, Antoniopolitae, Adrianapolita, Metropolitae, Diony- 
sopolitae, Adulitae, Elamita?, Bomitae, Tomitae, Scenitae, 
Pionitae,Agravonita3, Agonitae, Sybarite, Darits, Ophari- 
tae, Dassaritae, Nigrita;, Orita3,Aloritae, Tentyritae,Galeotae, 
Limniotae, Estiotae, Ampreutae, Alutae, Troglodyt®, or 
Troglod'ytae. 

IV.E OYJE U^E YiEt 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Durcabriv®, Elgovae, Durobrovae. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Mortuae, Halicyas, Phlegyae, Bithyae, Ornithyae, Milyoe, 
Minyae. 

OBE 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Deiphobe, Niobe. 

ACE ECE ICE OCE YCE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Phoenice, Berenice, Aglaonice, Stratonice. — See 
Rule 30. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Candace, Phylace, Canace, Mirace, Artace, Allebece, 
Alopece, Laodice, Agnodice, Eurydice, Pyrrhice, Helice, 
Gallice, Illice, Demodice, Sarmatico, Eiectice, Getice, 
Cymodoce, Agoce, Harpalyce, Eryce. 
EDE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Agamede, Perimede, Alcimede. 
JEE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
JExe. 

NEE AGE 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Cyanee, Lalage.. 

ACHE ICHE YCHE 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Ischomache, Andromache, Canache, Doliche, Eutyche 

PHE THE 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Anaphe, Psamathe. 

IE 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gargaphie,f Uranie, Meminie, Asterie, Hyrie, Parrha- 
sie, Clytie. 



X The i in the penultimate syllables of these words, not 
having the accent, must be pronounced like e. This oc- 
casions a disagreeable hiatus between this and the last 
syllable, and a repetition of the same sound ; but at the 
same time is strictly according to rule.— See Rule 4 of the 
Initial Vocabulary. 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



ALE ELE ILE OLE ULE YLE 

decent the Penultimate. 
Neobule, Eubulo, Cherdule, Eriphyle 

decent the Antepenultimate. 
Acale, Hecale, Mvtalc, MegaJe. Omphale, ^Ethalo 
Novendialo, /Egiale, Anchiale, Mvrttile, Ambarvale 
Hyale, Eurvale, Cybele, Nephele, Alefe, Semele, Perimole 
Poccile, Affile, CEmpliile, lolc, Omole, Homole, Phidyle 
Strongyle, Chthonophylo, Deipyle, Eurypyle. 

AME IME OME YME 

decent the Antepenultimate. 
Apame, Inarime, Ithomo, Amymome, CEnome, Am- 
phinome, Laonome, Hylouome, Eurynome, Didyme. 
ANE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Mandane, ^Eane, Anthane, Achriane, Anane, Drepane, 
Acrabatane, Eutane, Roxane. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Taprobane, Cyane, Pitane. 

ENE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Acabene. Bubacene, Damascene, Chalcidene, Cisthene, 
Alcisthene, Parthiene, Priene, Poroselene, Pallene, Tel- 
lene, Cyllene, Pylene. Mitylene, yEmene, Laonomene, 
Ismene, Dindymene, Osrhoene, Troene, Arene, Autocrene, 
Hippocrene, Pirene, Cyrene, Pyrene, Capissene, Atropa- 
tene, Corduene, Syene. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Helene, Dynaniene, Depamene, Nyctimene, Idomene, 
Melpomene, Anadyomene, Armene. 
INE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Sabine, Carcine, Trachine, Alcanthine, Neptunine, 
Larine, Nerine, Irine, Barsine, Bolbetine. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Asine. 

ONE YNE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Methone, Ithone, Dione, Porphyrione, Acrisione, Alone, 
Halone, Corone, Torone, Thyone, Bizone, Delphyne. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Mycone, Erigone, Persephone, Tisiphone, Deione, 
Pleione, Chione, Uione, Hermione, Herione, Commone, 
Mnemosyne, Sophrosyne, Euphrosyne. 

OE (in two syllables) 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Amphirhoe, Alcathoe, Alcithoe, Amphithoe, Nau- 
sithoe, Laothoe, Leucothoe, Cymothoe, Hippothoe, Alyx- 
othoe, Myrioe, Pholoe, Soloe, Sinoe, ^Enoe, Arsinoe, 
Lysinoe, Antinoe, Leuconoe, Theonoe, Philonoe, Pliee- 
monoe, Autonoe, Polynoe, Beroe, Meroe, Peroe, Ocyroe, 
Abzoe. 

APE OPE 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Iotape, Rhodope, Chalciope, Candiope, iEtbiope, Calli- 
ope, Liriope, Cassiope, Alope, Agalope, Penelope, Par- 
thenope, Sinope, /Erope, Merope, Dryope. 

ARE IRE ORE YRE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Lymire. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Becare, Tamare, iEnare, Terpsichore, Zephyre, Apyre. 
ESE 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Melese, Temese. 

ATE ETE ITE OTE YTE TYE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ate, Reate, Teate, Arelate, Admete, Arete, Aphrodite, 
Amphitrite, Atabyrite, Percote, Pactye. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Hecate, Condate, Automate, Taygete, Nepete, Anax- 
arete, Hippolyte. 

AVE EVE 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Agave. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Nineve. 

LAI* NAI (in two syllables) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Acholai. 



Danai. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 



BI 



* For the final i in these words, see Rule the 4th of 
the Initial Vocabulary. 
t See Rules 3 and 4 of the Initial Vocabulary. 
X When the accent is on the penultimate syllable, th« 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acibi, Abnobi, Attubi. 

ACI 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Segontiaci, Mattiaci, Amaci, ^Enaci, Bettovaci. 

ACI ICI OCI UCI 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Rauraci, Albici, Labici, Acedici, Palici, Marici, Medo- 
matrici, Raurici, Arevici, Triboci, Aruci. 
Accent the, Antepenultimate. 
Callaici, Vendelici, Academic;, Arecomici, Hernici, 
Cynici, Stoici, Opici, Nuasici, Aduatici, Atuatici, Peri- 
patetici, Cettici, Avantici, Xystici, Lavici, Triboci, 
Amadoci, Bibroci. 

ODI YDI 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Borgodi, Abydi. 

Ml 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Sabffii, Vuccaei, and so of all words which have a diph- 
thong in the penultimate syllable. 

EI (in two syllables) 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Lapidei, Candei, Agandei, Amathei, Elei, Canthlei, 

Euganei, GDnei, Mandarei, Hyperborei, Carastasei, 

Pratei. 

GI 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acridophagi, Agriophagi, Chelanophagi, Andropoph- 
agi, Anthropophagi, Lotophagi, Strutophagi, Ichthyoph- 
agi, Decempagi, Novempagi, Artigi, Alostigi. 
CHI THI 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Heniochi, ^Enochi, Henochi, Ostrogothi. 

lit 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abii, Gabii, and all words of this termination. 
ALI ELI ILI OLI ULI YLI 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abali, Vandali, Acephali, Cynocephali, Macrocephali, 
Attali, Alontegeceli, Garoceli, Monosceli, Igilgili, 
^Equicoli, Carseoli, Puteoli, Corioli, Ozoli, Atabuli, Grae- 
culi, Pediculi, Siculi, Puticuli, Anculi, Barduli, Varduli, 
Turduli, Foruli, Gsetuli, Bastuli, Rutuli, Massesyli, 
Dactyli. 

AMI EMI 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Apisami, Charidemi. 

OMI UMI 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Cephalotomi, Astomi, Medioxumi. 

ANI 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Albani, Cerbani, iEcani, Sicani, Tusicani, &c, and all 
words of this termination, except Choani and Sequani, 
or such as are derived from words terminating in anus, 
with the penultimate short ; which see. 

ENI 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Agabeni, Adiabeni, Saraceni, Iceni, Laodiceni, Cyzi- 
ceni, Uceni, Chaldeni, Abydeni, Comageni, Igeni, Q,uin- 
geni,Cepheni, Tyrrhoni, Rutheni, Labieni, Allieni, Cileni, 
Cicimeni, Alapeni, Hypopeni, Tibareni, Agareni,Rufreni, 
Caraseni, Volseni, Bateni, Cordueni. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Origeni, Apartheni, Antixeni. 

INIJ 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Gabini, Sabini, Dulgibini, Basterbini, Peucini, Marrtr 
cini, Lactucini, Otadini, Bidini. Udini, Caudini, Budini, 
Rhegini, Triocalini, Triumpilini, Magellini. Entellini, 
Canini, Menanini, Anagnini, Amiternini, Saturnini, Cen- 
turipini, Paropini, Irpini, Hirpini, Tibarini, Carini, Ceta- 
rini, Citarini, Illiborini, Acherini, Elorini, Assorini, 
Feltrini, Sutrini, Eburini, Tigurini, Cacyrini, Agyrini, 
Halesini, Otesini, Mosini, Abissini, Mossini, Clusini, 
Arusini, Reatini, Latini, Calatini, Collatini, Calactini, 



i in the two last syllables is pronounced exactly like the 
noun eye ; but, when the accent is on the antepenulti- 
mate, the first i is pronounced like e, and the last like eye* 
—See Rules 3 and 4 of the Initial Vocabulary. 
1101 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



Ectini, ^legetini, Ergetini, Jetini, Aletini, Spoletini, Ne- 
tini, Neretini, Setini, Bantini, Murgantini, Pallantini, 
Amantini, Numantini, Fidentini, Salentini, Colentini, 
Caj-entini, Verentini, Florentini, Consentini, Potentini, 
JFavent.ini, Leontini, Acherontim, Saguntini, Haluntini, 
^Egypuni, Mamertini, Tricastini, Vestini, Faustini, 
Abrettini, Enguini, Inguini, Lanuvini. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lactucini, Gemini, Memini, Morini,* Torrini. 

ONI UNI YN1 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Edoni, \loni, Nemaloni, Geloni, Aqueloni, Abroni, 
Gorduni, Mariandyni, Magyni, Mogyni. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Epigoni, Theutoni. 

UPT 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Catadupi. 

ARI ERI IRI ORI URI YRI 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Babari, Chomari, Agactari, Iberi, Celtiberi, Dobcri, 
Algeri, Palemeri, Monomeri, Hermanduri, Dioscuri, Ban- 
ceri, Paesuri, Agacturi, Zimyri. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abari, Tochari, Acestari, Cavari, Calabri, Cantabri, 
Digeri, Drugeri, Eleutheri, Crustumeri, Teneteri, Bruet- 
eri, Suelteri, Treveri, Veragri, Treviri, Ephori, Pas- 
tophori, 

USI YSI 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Hormandusi, Condrusi, Nerusi, Megabysi. 

ATI ETI OTI UTI 

Accent the Penultimate 
Abodati, Capellati, Ceroti, Thesproti, Carnuti. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Athanati, Heneti, Veneti. 

AVI EVI IVI AXI UZI 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Andecavi, Chamavi, Batavi, Pictavi, Suevi, Argivi, 
Acbivi, Coraxi, Abruzi. 

UI 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abascui, ^Edui, Hedui, Vermandui, Bipedimui, Inui, 
Castxuminui, Essui, Abrincatui. 

IBAL UBAL NAL CtUIL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Pomonal. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Annibal, Hannibal, Asdrubal, Hasdrubal, Tanaquil. 

AM IM UM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Adulam, iEgipam, Aduram, Gerabum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abarim. 

UBUM ACUM ICUM OCUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
'Cornacum,Tornacum, Baracum, Camericum, Labicum, 
Avaricum, Antricum, Trivicum, Nordovicum, Longovi- 
«cum, Verovicum, Norvicum, Brundivicum. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Caecubum, Abodiacum, Tolpiacum, Bedriacum, Gesso- 
riacum, Magontiacum, Mattiacum, Argentomacum,01en- 
acum, Arenacum, Bremetonacum, Eboracum, Eburacum, 
Lampsacum, Nemetacum, Bellovacum, Agedicum, Agen- 
dicum, Glyconicum, Canopicum, Noricum, Massicum, 
Adriaticum, Sabenneticum, Balticum, Aventicum, Mare- 
oticum, Agelocum. 

EDUM IDUM 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Manduessedum, Algidum. 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Lilybaeum, Lycaeum, and all words of this termination. 

EUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Syllaceum, Lyceum, Sygeum, Amatheum, Glytheum, 
Oidymeum, Prytaneum, Palanteum. 



* " Extremiquo hominum Morini, Rhenusque bicomis." 
Virg. JEn. vii. 727. 
" The Danes, nnconquer'd offspring, march behind, 
" And Morini^ the last of human kind." Dryden. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Heracleum, Herculeum, Rataneum, Corineum, Aquino- 
um, Dictynneum, Panticapeum, Rhoeteum. 
AGUM IGUM OGUM 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Noviomagum, Nivomagum, Adrobigum, Dariorigum 
Allobrogum. 

IUM 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Albium, Eugubium, Abrucium, and all words of this 
termination. 

ALUM ELUM ILUM OLUM ULUM 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Anchialum. Acelum, Ocelum, Corbilum, Clusiolum, 
Oraculum, Janiculum, Corniculum, Hetriculum, Uttricu- 
lum, Asculum, Tusculum, Angulum, Cingulum, Apulum, 
Trossulum, Batulum. 

MUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Amstelodamum, Amstelrodamum, Novocomum, Cado- 
mum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lygdamum, Cisamum, Boiemum, Antrimum, Anxi- 
mum, Bergomum, Mentonomum. 

ANUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Albanum, Halicanum, Arcanum, iEanum, Teanum, 
Trifanum, Stabeanum, Ambianum, Pompeianum, Tullia- 
num, Formianum, Cosmianum, Boianum, Appianum, Bo- 
vianum, Mediolanum, Amanum, Aquisgranum, Trigisa- 
num, Nuditanum, Usalitanum, Ucalitanum, Acoletanum, 
Achaiitanum, Abziritanum, Argentanum, Hortauum, 
Anxanum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Apuscidanum, Hebromanum, Itanum. 

ENUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Picenum, Calenum, Durolenum, Misenum, Volsenum, 
Darvenum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Olenum. 

INUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Urbinum, Sidicinum, Ticinum, Pucinum, Tridinum, 
Londinum, Aginum, Casilinum, Crustuminum, Apenni- 
num, Sepinum, Arpinum, Aruspinum, Sarinum, Ocrinum, 
Lucrinum, Camerinum, Laborinum, Petrinum, Tauri- 
num, Casinum, Nemosinum, Cassinum, Atinum, Batinum, 
Ambiatinum, Petinum, Altinum, Salentinum, Tollenti- 
num, Ferentinum, Laurentinum, Abrotinum, Inguinum, 
Aquinum, Nequinum. 

ONUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Cabillonum, Garianonum, Duronum, Cataractonum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ciconum, Vindonum, Britonum. 

UNUM YNUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Segedunum, Lugdunum, Maridunum, Moridunum, Ar 
caldunum, Rigodunum, Sorbiodunum, Noviodunum, Me- 
lodunum, Camelodunum, Axelodunum, Uxellodunum 
Brannodunum, Carodunum, Caesarodunum, Tarodunum 
Theodorodunum, Eburodunum, Nemantodunum, Belu 
num, Antematunum, Andoraatunum, Maryandynum. 

OUM OPUM YPUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Myrtbum, Europum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Pausilypum. 

ARUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Agarura, Belgarum, Nympharum, Convenarurn, Rosa 
rum, Adulitarum, Celtarum. 

ABRUM UBRUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Velabrum, Vernodubrum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Artabrum. 

ERUM 
Accent the Antepenultimate* 
Caucoliberuro, Tuberum. 

AFRUM ATHRUM 
Accent the Penultimate 
Venafrum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Barathrum, 

1102 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



IRUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Muzirum. 

ORUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Cermorum, Ducrocortotum. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 



Dorostorum. 



Accent either the Penultimate or Antepenultimate. 
Celetruin. 

URUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Alaburum, Ascurum, Lugdurum, Marcodurum, Lacto- 
durum. Octodurum, Divojurum, Silurum, Saturum. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Tigurum. 

ISUM OSUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Alisum, Amisum, Janosuni. 

ATUM ETUM ITUM OTUM UTUM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Atrcbatum, Calatuni, Argentoratum, Mutristratum, 
Elocetum, ftuercetum, Caletum, Spolotum, Vallisoletum, 
Toletum, Ulmetum, Adrumetum, Tunetum, Erctum, 
Accitum, Durolitum, Corstopitum, Abritum, Neritum, 
Augustoritum, Naucrotitum, Complutum. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sabbatura. 

AVUM IVUM YUM 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Gandavum, Symbrivum. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Coccyum, Engyura. 

MIN AON ICON 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Helicaon, Lycaon, Machaon, Dolichaon, Amithaon, 
Didymaon, Hyperaon, Hicetaon. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Salamin, Rubicon, Helicon. 

ADON EDON IDON ODON YDON 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Calcedon, Chalcedon, Carchedon, Anthedon, Aspledon, 
Sarpedon, Thermodon, Abydon. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Celadon, Alcimedon, Amphimedon, Laomedon, Hippo- 
medon, Oromedon, Antomedon, Armedon, Eurymedon, 
Calydon, Ainydon, Corydon. 

EON EGON 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Pantheon, Deileon, Achilleon, Aristocreon. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Aleon, Pitholeon, Demoleon, Timoleon, Anacreon, Ti- 
mocreon, Ucalegon. 

APHON EPHON IPFION OPHON 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Agalaphon, Chaerephon, Ctesiphon, Antiphon, Colo- 
phon, Demophon, Xenophon. 

THON 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Agathon, Acroathon, Marathon, Phaethon,Phlegethon, 
Pyriphlegithon, Arethon, Acrithon. 

ION 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Pandion, Sandion, Echion, Alphion, Amphion, Ophion, 
Methion, Arion, Oarion, iErion, Hyperion, Orion, Asiou, 
Metion, Axion, Ixion. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Albion, Phocion, Cephaledion, ^Egion, Brigion, Adobo- 
gion, Brygion, Moschion, Calathion, Emathion, Amethion, 
Anthion, Erotl.ion, Pythion, Deucalion, Daedalion,Sigali- 
on, Ethalion. Ereuthalion, Pigmalion, Pygmalion, Ceme- 
lion, Pelion, Ptelion, Ilion. Bryllion, Cromion, Endymion, 
Milanion, Athenion, Bbion, Apion, Dropion, Appion, 
Noscopion, Aselelarion, Acrion, Chimerion, Hyperion 
Asterion, Dorion, Euphorion, Porphyrion, Thyrion, Jasion 
jEsion, Hippocration, Stration, Action, ^Etion, Metion 
^Eantion, Pallantion, Dotion, Theodotion, Erotion, Sotion, 
Nephestion, Philistion, Polytion, Ornytion, Eurytion 
Dionizion. 



LON MON NON OON PON RON PHRON 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Philemon, Criumetopon, Caberon, Dioscoron, Cacipron. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ascalon, Aby Ion, Babylon, Telamon, Ademon, iEgemon, 
Polemon, Ardemon, Hieromnemon, Artemon, Aburimon, 
Oromenon, Alcamenon, Tauromenon, Deiccbon, Uemocb^ 
on, Laocb'on, Hippocdon, Demophbon, Hippothbon, Acaron, 
Accaron, Paparon, Acheron, Apteron, Daiptoron, Cher 
sephron, Alciphron, Lycophron, Euthyphron. 

SON TON YON ZON 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Theogiton, Aristogiton, Polygiton, Deltoton. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Themison, Abaton, Aciton, Aduliton, Sicyon, Cercyon, 
^Egyon, Cremmyon, Cromyon, Geryon, Alcetryon, Am- 
phitryon, Amphictyon, Acazon, Amazon, Olizon, Amyzoo 

ABO ACO ICO EDO IDO 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Lampedo, Cupido. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arabo, Tarraco, Stilico, Macedo. 

BEO LEO TEO 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Labeo, Aculeo, Buteo. 

AGO IGO UGO 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Carthago, Origo, Verrugo. 

PHO THO 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Clitipho, Agatho. 

BIO CIO DIO GIO LIO MIO NIO RIO SIO TIO 
VIO XIO 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arabio, Corbio, Navilubio, Senecio, Diomedio, Regio, 
Phiygio, Bambalio, Ballio, Caballio, Ansellio, Pollio, 
Sirmio, Formio, Phormio, Anio, Parmenio, Avenio, Gla- 
brio, Acrio, Curio, Syllaturio, Occasio, Vario, Aurosio, 
Secusio, Verclusio, Natio, Ultio, Derventio, Versontio, 
Divio, Oblivio, Petovio, Alexio. 

CLO ILO ULO UMO 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Chariclo, Corbilo, Corbulo, ^Epulo, Bffitulo, CastulOj 
Anumo, Lucumo. 

ANO ENO INO 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Theano, Adramitteno. 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Barcino, Ruscino, Fruscino. 

APO IPO 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sisapo, Olyssipo. 

ARO ERO 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Vadavero. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Bessaro, Civaro, Tubero, Cicero, Hiero, Acimero, Ces- 
sero. 

ASO ISO 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Carcaso, Agaso, Turiaso, Aliso, Natiso. 

ATO ETO ITO YO XO 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Enyo, Polyxo. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Erato, Derceto, Capito, Siccilissito, Amphitryo. 

BER FER GER TER VER 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Meleager, Elaver. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Calaber, Mulciber, Noctifer, TanagerJ Antipater, Mars- 
pater, Diespiter, Marspiter, Jupiter. 

AOR ( NOR POR TOR ZOR 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Chrysaor, Alcanor, Bianor, Euphranor, Alcenor, Age- 
nor, Agapenor, Elponor, Rhetenor, Antenor, Anaxenor, 
Vindemiator, Rhobetor, Aphetor. 
1103 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Marcipor, Lucipor, Numitor, Albumazor, or Albu- 
mazar. 

BAS DAS EAS GAS PHAS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Alebas, Augeas (king of Elis), ^Eneas, Oreas, Sym- 
plcgas. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Dotadas, Cercidas, Lucidas, Tim'aichidas, Alcidamidas, 
Charmidas, Leonidas, Aristonidas, Pelopidas, Mnasippi- 
das, Thearidas, Diagoridas, Diphoridas, Antipatridas, 
Abantidas, Suidas, Crauxidas, Ardeas, Augeas (the poet), 
Eleas, Cineas, Cyneas, Boreas, Brotea3, Acragas, Peri- 
phas, Acyphas. 

IAS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Ophias. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Caecias, Nicias, Cephalgias, Phidias, Herodias, Cydias, 
Ephyreas, Pleias, Minyeias, Pelasgias, Antibacchias, 
Acrolochias, Archias, Adarchias, Arcathias, Agathias, 
Pythias, Pelias, Ilias, Damias, Scemias, Arsanias, Pausa- 
nias, Olympias, Appias, Agrippias, Chabrias, Tiberias, 
Terias, Lycorias, Pelorias, Demetrias, Dioscurias, Aga- 
sias, Phasias, Acesias, Agesias, Hegesias, Tiresias, Ctesi- 
as, Cephisias, Pausias, Prusias, Lysias, Tysias, iEtias, 
Eitias, Critias, Abantias, Thoantias, Phaethontias, Phaes- 
£ias,Thestias,Phcestias,Sestias, Livias, Artaxias, Loxias. 

LAS MAS NAS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Acilaj, Adulas, Maecenas, Moecenas (or, as Labbe says 
it ought to be written, Mecoenas), Fidenas, Arpinas, 
Larinas, Atinas, Adunas. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Amiclas, Amyclas, Agelas, Apilas, Arcesilas, Acylas, 
Dorylas, Asylas, Acamas, Alcidamas, Iphidamas, Chersi- i 
damas, Praxidamas, Theodamas, Cleodamas, Therodamas, I 
Thyodamas, Astydamas, Athamas, Garamas, Dicomas, 
Sarsinas, Sassinas, Pitinas. 

OAS PAS RAS SAS TAS XAS YAS 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Bagoas, Canopas, Abradaras, Zonaras (as Labbe con- 
tends it ought to be), Epitheras, Abradatas, Jetas, Phi- 
letas, Damoetas, Acritas, Eurotas, Abraxas. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Teleboas, Chrysorrhoas, Agriopas, Triopas, Zonaras, 
Gyaras, Chrysoceras, Mazeras, Chaboras, Orthagoras, 
Pythagoras, Diagoras, Pylagoras, Demagoras,Timagoras, 
Hermagoras, Athenagoras, Xenagoras, Hippagoras, Ste- 
sagoras, T isagoras, Protagoras, Telestagoras, Evagoras, 
Anaxagoras, Praxagoras, Ligoras, Athyras, Thamyras, 
Cinyras, Atyras, Apesas, Pietas, Felicitas, Liberalitas, 
Lentulitas, Agnitas, Opportunitas, Claritas, Veritas, 
Faustitas, Civitas, Archytas, Phlegyas, Milyas, Marsyas. 

BES 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Chalybes, Armenochalybes. 

CES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Arbaces, Pharnaces, Samothraces, Arsaces, Phoenices, 
LibyphcBnices, Olympionices, Plistonices, Polynices, Or- 
dovices, Lemovices, Eburovices. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Axiaces, Astaces, Derbices, Ardices, Eleutherocilices, 
Cappadoces, Eudoces, Bebryces, Mazyces. 

ADES 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Icades, Olcades, Arcades, Orcades, Carneades, Gorgades, 
Strechades, Lichades, Strophades, Laiades, Naiades, Al- 
oibiades, Pleiades, Branchiades, Deliades, Heliades, Peli- 
adcs, Oiliades, Naupliades, Juliades, Memmiades, Clenia- 
des, Xeniades, Hunniades, Heliconiades, Acrisioniades, 
Telamoniades, Limoniades, Acheldiades, Asclepiades, 
Asopiades, Crotopiades, Appiades, Thespiades, Tharia- 
des, Otriades, Cyriades, Scyriades, Anchisiades, Dosiades, 
Lysiadns, Nysiades, Dionysiades, Menoetiades, Miltiades, 
Abantiades, Atlantiades, Dryantiades, Laomedontiades, 
Phaetontiades, Laertiades, Hepha?stiades, Thestiades, 
Battiades, Cyclade*, Pylades, Demades, Nomades, Masna- 
des, Echinades, Cispades, Choerades, Sporades, Perisades, 
Hippotades, Sotades, Hyades, Thyades, Dryades, Hama- 
dryades, Othryades. 

EDES 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Pemocedes, Agamedes, Palamedes, Archimedes, Nico- 
medes, Diomedes, Lycomedes, Cleomedes, Ganymedes, 
Thrasymedea. 



IDES 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Alcides, Lyncides, Tydidcs, iEgides, Promethides, 
Nicarthidcs, Heraclides, Teleclides, Epiclides, Anticlides, 
Androclides, Meneclides, CEclides, Cteseclides, Xenocli- 
des, Chariclides, Patroclides, Aristoclides, Euclides, 
Euryclides, Belides (singular), Basilides,Nelides, Pelides, 
^Eschylides, iEnides, Antigenides, (Enides, Lychnides, 
Amanoides, Japeronides, Larides, Abderides, Atrides, 
Thesides, Aristides. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Epichaides, Danaides, Lesbides, Labdacides, ^Eacides, 
Hylacides, Phylacides, Pharacides, Imbracides, Myrme- 
cides, Phoenicians, Antalcides, Lyncides, Andocides, Am 
pycides, Thucydides, Lelegeides, Tyrrheides, Pimpleides, 
Clymeneides, Mineides, Scyreides, Minyeides, Lagides, 
Harpagides, Lycurgides, Ogygides, Inachides, Lysimach 
ides, Agatharchides, Timarchides, Leulychides, Leon- 
tychides, Leotychides, Sisyphides, Erecthides, Promethi- 
des, Crethides, Scythides, (Ebalides, iEthalides, Tantali- 
des, Castalides, Mystalides, Phytalides, Teleclides, Me- 
neclides, CEclides, Ctesiclides, Androclides, Euclides, 
Euryclides, Belides (plural), Sicelides, Epimelides, Gyp 
selides, Anaxilides, ^Eolides, Eubulides, Phocylides, 
Priamides, Potamides, Cnemides, iEsimides, Tolmides, 
Charmides, Dardanides, Oceanides, Amanides, Titanides, 
Olenides, Achremenides, Achimenides, Epimenides, Par- 
menides, Ismenides, Eumenides, Sithnides, Apollinides, 
Prumnides, Aonides, Dodonides, Mygdalonides, Calydon- 
ides, Mceonides, CEdipodionides. Deionides, Chionides, 
Echionides, Sperchionides, Ophionides, Japetionides, Ixi- 
onides, Mimallonides, Philonides,Apollonides, Acmonides, 
JEmonides, Polypemonides,Simonides, Harmonides, Mem- 
nonides, Cronides, Myronides, iEsonides, Aristonides, 
Praxonides, Liburnides, Sunides, Telebbides, Panthbides, 
Acheldides, Pronopides, Lapides, Callipides, Euripides, 
Driopides, CEnopides, Cecropides, Leucippides, Philippi- 
des, Argyraspides, Clearides, Taenarides, Hebrides, Ti- 
mandrides, Anaxandrides, ^Epicerides, Pierides, He.speri- 
des, Hyperides, Cassiterides, Anterides, Peristerides, 
Libethrides, Dioscorides, Protogorides, Methorides, An- 
tenorides, Actorides, Diactorides, Polyctorides, Hegetori- 
des, Onetorides, Antorides, Acestorides, Thestorides, 
Aristorides, Electrides, CEnotrides, Smindyridcs, Phi- 
lyrides, Pegasides, lasides, Imbrasides, Clesides, Dionysi- 
des, Cratides, Propcetides, Prcetides, Oceanitides, ^Eanti- 
des, Dryantides, Dracontides, Absyrtides, Acestides, 
Orestides, Epytides. 

ODES UDES YDES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
^Egi'odes, Acmodes, Nebrodes, Herodes, Orodes, Ha?- 
budes, Harudes, Lacydes, Pherecydes, Androcydes. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sciapodes, CEdipodes, Antipodes, Hippopodes, Himan- 
topodes, Pyrodes, Epicydes. 

AGES EGES IGES OGES YGES 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Theages, Tectosages, Astyages, Leleges, Nitiobriges, 
Durotriges, Caturiges, Allobroges, Antobroges, Ogyges, 
Cataphryges, Sazyges. 

ATHES ETHES YTHES IES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ariarathes, Alelhes. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Onythes, Aries. 

ALES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Novendiales, Geniales, Compitales, Arvales. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 



Carales. 



ACLES ICLES OCLES 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Daicles, Mnasicles, Iphicles, Zanthicles, CharicJes, 
Thericles, Pericles, Agasicles, Pasicles, Phrasicles, Ct.es- 
icles, Sosicles, Nausicles, Xanticles, Niocles, Empedocles, 
Theocles, Neocles, Eteocles, Sophocles, Pythocles, Diodes, 
Philocles, Damocles, Democles, Phanocles, Xenocles, 
Hierocles, Androcles, Mandrocles, Patrocles, Metrocles T 
Lamprocles, Cephisocles, Nestocles, Themistocles. 

ELES ILES OLES ULES 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Ararauccles, Hedymeles, Pasiteles, Praxiteles, Pyrgo- 

teles, Demoteles, Aristoteles, Gundiles, Absiles, Novftn- 

siles, Pisatiles, Taxiles, iEoles, Autololes, Abdimonolea, 

Hercules. 

AMES OMES 
Accent the Antepenultimatt. 
Priames, Datames, Abrocomes. 
1104 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



ANES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Jordanes, Athamanes, Alamanes, Brachmanes, Acar- 
canes, .<Egipanes, Tigranos, Actisanes, Titanes, Ario- 
barzanes. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Diaphanes, Epiphanes. IVriphanes, Praxiphanes, Dex- 
iphanea, Lexiphanes, Antiphanes, Nicophanes, Theopha- 
nes, Diophanes, Apollophanes, Xenophanes, Aristophanes, 
Agrianes, Pharasmanes, Prytanes. 

ENES* 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Timagenes, Metagenes, Sosigenes, Epigenes, Melesige- 
nes, Antigenes, Theogenes, Diogenes, Oblogenes, Her- 
mogenes, Rhetogenes, Themistogenos, Zanthenes, Agas- 
theties, Lasthenes, Clisthenes, Callisthenes, Peristhenes, 
Cratisthenes, Antisthenes, Barbosthenes, Leosthenes, 
Demosthenes, Dinosthenes, Androsthenes, Posthenes, 
Eratosthenes, Borysthenes, Alcamenes, Theramenes, Ti- 
samenes, Deditamenes, Spitamenes, Pylemenes, Althe- 
nw-nes, Acheemenes, Philopcemenes, Daimenes, Nausime- 
nes. Numenes, Antimenes, Anaximenes, Cleomenes, Hip- 
pomenes, Heromenes, Ariotomenes, Eumenes, Polymenes, 
Geryenes. 

INES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Telchines, Acesines. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Aborigines, J2schines,t Asines. 

ONES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Calucones, Agones, Antechthones, Iones, Hellcviones, 
Volones, Nesimones, Verones, Centrones, Eburones. Gri- 
sones, Auticatones, Statones, Vectones, Vetones, Acita- 
vones, Ingoevones, Istsevones, Axones, iExones, Hali- 
zones. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lycaones, Chaones, Frisiabones, Cicones, Vernicones, 
Francones, Vascones, Mysomacedones, Rhedones, Esse- 
dones, Myrmidones, Pocones, Paphlagones, Aspagones, 
LaEstrigones, Lingones, Lestrygones, Vangiones, Nuitho- 
nes, Sithones, Baliones, Hermiones, Biggeriones, Merio- 
nes, Suiones, Mimallones, Senones, Memnones, Pannones, 
Ambrones, Suessones, Ansones, Pictones, Teutones, 
Aniazones. 

OES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Heroes. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Chorsoes, Chosroes. 

APES OPES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cynapes, Cecropes, Cyclopes. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Panticapes, Crassopes, Esubopes, iEthiopes, Hellopes, 
Dolopes, Panopes, Steropes, Dryopes. 

ARES ERES IRES ORES URES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cabares, Balcares, Apollinares. Saltuares, Ableres, By- 
zeres, Bechires, Diores, Azores, Silures. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Leochares, ^Emochares, Demochares, Abisares, Ca- 
vares, Insures, Luceres, Pieres, Astabores, Musagores, 
Centores, Limures. 

ISES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Anchises. 

ENSES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ucubenses, Leoniceoses, and all words of this termina- 
tion. 

OCES YSES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cambvses. 

ATES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Phraates, Atrebates, Cornacates, Ceracates, Aduni- 
cates, Nisicates, Barsabocates, Leucates, Teridates, 
Mithridates, Attidates, Osquidates, Oxydates, Ardeates, 
Eleates, Bercoreates, Caninefates, Casicenufates, Agates, 
Achates, Niphates, Deciates, Attaliates, Mevaniates, 



* All the words of this termination have the accent on 
the antepenultimate. — See Eumenes in the Initial Vo- 
cabulary. 

t Labbe says, that a certain anthologist, forced by the 
necessity of his verse, has pronounced this word with the 
accent on the penultimate. 

139 



Cariates, Quariates, Asseriates, Euhuriatos, Antiates, 
Spartiatos, Celelates, Hispellates, Stollates, Suillates, 
Albulates, Focimatos, Auximates, Flanates, Edenates, 
Fidenates, SufTonates, Fregonates, Capenates, Senates, 
Cresenates, Misenates, Padinates, Fulginatcs, Mcrinates, 
Alatrinates, iEsinates, Agesinates, Asisinates, Sassina- 
tes, Sessinates, Frusinates, Atinates, Altinates, Tollenti- 
nates, Ferentinates, Interamnates, Chelonates, Casmo- 
nates, Arnates, Tifernates, Infernates, Privernates, 
Oroates, Euphrates, Orates, Vasates, Cocosates, Tolo- 
sates, Antuates, Nantuates, Sadyates, Caryates. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Spithobates, Eurybates, Antiphatcs, Trebiates, Zalates, 
Sauromates, Attinates, Tornates, Hypates, Menecrates,}; 
Pherecrates, Iphicrates, Callicrates, Epicrates, Pasicra- 
tcs. Stasicrates, Sosicrates, Hypsicrates, Nicocrates, 
Halocrates, Damocrates, Democrates, Cheremocrates, 
Timocrates, Hermocrates, Stenocrates, Xenocrates, Hip- 
pocrates, Harpocrates, Socrates, Isocrates, Cephisocrates, 
Naucrates, Eucrates, Euthycrates, Polycrates. 

ETES ITES OTES UTES YTES YES ZES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Acetes, Ericetes, Cadetes, ^Eetes, Mocragetes, Caletes, 
Philocletes, ^Egletes, Nemetes, Cometes, Ulmanetes, 
Consuanetes, Gymnetes, .(Esymnetes, Nannetes, Serretes, 
Curetes, Theatctes, Andizetes,Odites, Belgites, Margites, 
Memphites, Ancalites, Ambialites, Avalites, Cariosuehtes, 
Polites, Apollopolites, Hermopolites, Latopolites, Abu- 
lites, Stylites, Borysthenites, Temenites, Syenites, Car- 
cinites,Samnites, Deiopites, Garites,Centrites,Thersites, 
Narcissites, Asphaltites, Hydraotes, Heracleotes, Boeotes, 
Helotes, Bootes, Thbotes, Anagnutes, Arimazes. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Derceles, Massagetes, Indigetes, Ilergetes, Euergetes, 

Auchetes, Eusipetes, Abalites, Charites, Oerites, Praes- 

tites, Andramytes, Dariaves, Ardyes, Machlyes, Blem- 

myes. 

AIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Achais, Archelais, Homolais, Ptolemais, Elymais. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Thebais, Phocais, Aglais, Tanais, Cratais. 

BIS CIS DIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Berenicis, Cephaledis, Lycomedis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acabis, Carabis, Setabis, Nisibis, Cleobis, Tucrobis, 
Tisobis, Ucubis, Curubis, Salmacis, Acinacis, Brovonacis, 
Athracis, Agnicis, Carambucis, Cadmeidis. 

EIS§ ETHIS ATHIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Medeis, Spercheis, Pittheis, Crytheis, Nepheleis, Ele- 
leis, Achilleis, Pimpleis, Cadmeis, iEneis, Schoeneis, 
Peneis, Acrisoneis, Triopeis, Patereis, Nereis, Cenchreis, 
Theseis, Briseis, Perseis, Messeis, Chryseis, Nycteis, 
Sebethis, Epimethis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Thymiathis. 

ALIS ELIS ILIS OLIS ULIS YLIS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Andabalis, Cercalis, Regalis, Stymphalis, Dialis, Lati - 
alis, Septimontialis, Martialis, Manalis, Juvenalis, Q,uiri- 
nalis, Fontinalis, Junonalis, Avernalis, Vacunalis, Abru- 
palis, Floralis, Quietalis, Eumelis, Phaselis, Eupilis, 
Ouinctilis, Adulis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
OZbalis, Hannibalis, Acacalis, Fornicalis, Androcalis, 
Lupercalis, Vahalis, Ischalis, Caralis, Thessalis, Italis, 
Facelis, Sicelis, Fascelis, Vindelis, Nephelis, Bibilis, In- 
cibilis, Leucretilis, Myrtilis, Indivilis, iEeolis, Argolis, 
Cimolis, Decapolis, Neapolis, and all words ending in 
polis. Herculis, Thestylis. 

AMIS EMIS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Calamis, Salamis, Semiramis, Thyamis, Artemis. 

ANIS ENIS INIS ONIS YNIS 
Accent the Penultimate. . 
Mandanis, Titanis, Bacenis, Mvcenis, Philenis, Cylle- 
nis, Ismenis,Cebrenis, Adonis, Eaonis, yEdonis, Thedonis, 



% All words ending in crates have the accent on the 
antepenultimate syllable. 

$ These vowels form distinct syllables.— See the ter- 
mination EIUS. 

1105 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES 



Sidonis, Dodonis, Calydonis, Agonis, Alingonis, Colonis, 
Corbulonis, Cremonis, Salmonis, Junonis, Ciceronis, 
Scironis, Coronis, Phoronis, Turonis (in Germany), Tri- 
tonis, Phorcynis, Gortynis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sicanis, Anticanis, Andanis, Hypanis, Taranis, Pryta- 
nis, Poemanis, Eumenis, Lycaonis, Asconis, Maeonis, 
Pseonis, Sithonis, Memnonis, Pannonis, Turonis (in 
France), Bitonis, Geryonis. 

OIS* 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Minbis, Herois, Latois. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sirabis, Pyrbis. 

APIS OPIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
lapis, Colapis, Serapis,J Isapis, Asopis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acapis, Minapis, Cecropis, Meropis. 

ARIS ACRIS ATRIS ERIS IGRIS IRIS ITRIS 
ORIS URIS YRIS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Balcaris, Apollinaris, Nonacris, Cimmeris, Aciris, 
Osiris, Petosiris, Busiris, Lycoris, Calaguris, Gracchuris, 
Hippuris. 

Actent the Antepenultimate. 

Abaris, Fabaris, Sybaris, Icaris, Andaris, Tyndaris, 
Sagaris, Angaris, Phalaris, Elaris, Caularis, Tamaris, 
Liparis, Araris, Biasaris, Cessans, Abisaris, Achisaris, 
Bassaris, Melaris, Autaris, Trinacris, Uliberis, Tiberis, 
Zioberis, Tyberis, Nepheris, Cytheris, Pieris, Trieris, 
Auseris, Pasitigris, Coboris, Sicoris, Neoris, Peloris, An- 
tipatris, Absitris, Pacyris, Ogyris, Porphyria, Amyris, 
Thamyris, Thomyris, Tomyris. 

ASIS ESIS ISIS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Amasis, Magnesrs, Tuesis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Bubasis, Pegasis, Parrhasis, Paniasis, Acamasis, Engo- 
nasis, Graecostasis, Lachesis, Athesis, Thamesis, Nemesis, 
Tibisis. 

ENSIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Genubensis, Corbdubensis, and all words of this termi- 
nation. 

OSIS USIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Diamastigosis, Enosis, Eleusis. 

ATIS ETIS ITIS OTIS YTIS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Tegeatis, Sarmatis, Caryatis, Miletis, Limenetis, Cure- 
tis, Acervitis, Chalcitis, Memphitis, Sophitis, Arbelitis, 
Fascelitis, Dascylitis, Comitis, iEanitis,Cananitis, Circi- 
nitis, Sebennitis, Chaonitis, Trachonitis, Chalonitis, Sy- 
baritis, Daritis, Calenderitis, Zephyritis, Amphaxitis, 
Rhacotis, Estiaeotis, Masotis, Tracheotis, Mareotis, 
Phthiotis, Sandaliotis, Elimiotis, Iscariotis, Casiotis, 
Philotis, Nilotis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Atergatis, Calatis, Anatis, Naucratis, Dercetis, Eu- 
rytis. 

OVIS UIS XIS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Amphaxis, Oaxis, Alexis, Zamolxis, Zeuxig. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Vejovis, Dijovis, Absituis. 

ICOS EDOS ODOS YDOS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Abydos. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Oricos, Tenedos, Macedos, Agriodos. 



Accent the Penultimate. 
Spercheos, Achilleos. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Androgeos, Egaleos, ^Egaleos, Hegaleos. 



* These vowels form distinct syllables. 

f Serapis.See the word in the Initial Vocabulary. 



IGOS 1CHOS OCHOS OPHOS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Melampigos, Niontichos, Macronticho» 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Nerigos, ^Egiochos, Oresitrophos. 

ATHOS ETHOS ITHOS IOS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Sebethos. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sciathos, Arithos, Ilios, Ombrios, Topasios. 

LOS MOS NOS POS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Stymphalos, ^Egilos, Pachinos, Etheonos, Eteonos, 
Heptaphonos. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Haegalos, ^Egialos, Ampelos, Hexapylos, Sipylos, Heci- 
tompylos, Potamos, iEgospotamos, Olenos, Orchomenos, 
Anapauomenos, Epidicazomenos, Heautontimorumonos, 
Antropos. 

ROS SOS TOS ZOS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Meleagros, Hecatoncheros, ^gimuros, Nisyros, Pityo- 
nesos, Hieronosos,'Cephe8os, Scbetos, Haliaeetos, Miletos, 
Polytimetos, Aretos, Buthrotos, Topazos. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sygaros, ^Egoceros, Anteros, Meleagros, Myiagros 
Absoros, Amyros, Pegasos, Jalysos, Abatos, Aretos, Na 
ritos, Acytos. 

IPS OPS 
Accent the Antepenultimate, 
ASgilips, jEthiops. 

LAUS MAUS NAUS RAUS (in two syllables) 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Arehelaus, Menelaus, Aglaus, Agesilaus, Protesiiaus, 
Nicolaus, lolaus, Hermolaus,Critolaus, Aristolaus, Dory- 
laus, Amphiaraus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
ImauSjt Emmaus, Q2nomaus, Danaus. 

BUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Agabus, Alabus, Arabus, Melabus, Setabus, Erebus, 
Ctesibus, Deiphobus, Abubus, Polybus. 

ACUS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abdacus, Labdacus, Rhyndacus, iEacus, Ithacus. 

IACUS$ 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ialciacus, Phidiacus, Alabandiacus, Rhodiacus, Cal- 
chiacus, Corinthiacus, Deliacus, Peiiacus, Iliacus, Nilia 
cus,Titaniacus, Armeniacus, Messeniacus,Salaminiacus, 
Lemniacus, Ioniacus, Sammoniacus, Tritoniacus, Gorty- 
niacus, Olympiacus, Caspiacus, Mesembriacus, Adriacus, 
Iberiacus, Cytheriacus, Siriacus, Gessoriacus, Cytoria- 
cus, Syriacus, Phasiacus, Megalesiacus, Etesiacus, Isia- 
cus, Gnosiacus, Cnossiacus, Pausiacus, Amathusiacus, 
Pelusiacus, Prusiacus, Actiacus, Divitiacus, Byzantiacus, 
Thermodontiacus, Propontiacus, Hellespontiacus. Ses- 
tiacus. 

LACUS NACUS OACUS RACUS SACUS TACTJS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Benacus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ablacus, Medoacus, Armaracus, Assaracus, iEsacus, 
Lampsacus, Caractacus, Spartacus, Hyrtacus, Pittacus. 

ICUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
CaicuB, Numicus, Demonicus, Granicus, Andronicus, 
Stratonicus, Callistonicus, Aristonicus, Alaricus, Alberi- 
cus, Rodericus, Rudericus, Romericus, Hunnericus, Vic- 
toricus, Amatricus, Henricus, Theodoricus, Ludovicus, 
Grenovicus, Varvicus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
ThebaicHS, Phoc'aicus, ChaldaicusJBard'aicus, Judaicus, 
Achaicus, Lechaicus, Panchaicus, Therm'aicus, N'aicus, 
Panathen'aicus, Cyrenaicus, Arabicus, Dacicus, Samo- 
thracicus, Turcicus, Areadicus, Sotadicus, Thre'icidicus, 
Chalcidicus, Alabandicus, Judicus, Clondicus,Cornificus, 
Belgicus, Allobrogicus, Georgicus, Colchicus, Delphi- 
cus, Sapphicus, Parthicus, Scythicus, Pythicus, Stym- 
phalicus, Pharsalicus, Thessalicus, Italicus, Attalicus, 



\ Imaus.—See the word in the Initial Vocabulary. 
$ All words of this termination have the accent on tne 
t, pronounced like the noun eye. 
1106 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



GaHicus, Sabellicus, Tarbellicus, Argolicus, Getulicus, 
Camicus, Ceramicus, Acadcmicus, (.inwanicus, (Jocani- 
cus, Tuscanicus, .Eanicus, Hellanieus, Ulanicus, Atellan- 
icus, Amanicus, Ronmnicus, Gennanicus, Hispanious, 
Aquitanicus, Sequanicus, lVnicus, Alemanrucus, Britan- 
nicus, Laconieus, Leuconu-us, Adonicus, Macedonicus, 
Sandonicus, lonicus, llermionicus, Babylonieus, Samoni- 
cus, Pannonicus, Hieronicua, Platonicus, Bantonicos, 
Sophronicus, Teutonicus, Amazonicus, Hernicus, Libur- 
nicus, Eubbicus, Trbicus, Slbicus, Oiympicus, iEthiopi- 
cus, Pindaricus, Balearicus, Marmaricus, Bassaricus, 
Cimbricus, Andricus, Ibericus, Trietericus, Trevericus, 
Africus, Doricus, Pythagoricus, Leuctricus, Adgandes- 
tricus, Istricus, Isauricus, Centauricus, Bituricus, Illyri- 
cus, Syricus, Pagasicus, Ma>sicus, Marsicus, Persicus, 
Corsicus, Massicus, Issicus, Sabbaticus, Miihridaticus, 
Tegeaticus, Syriaticus, Asiaticus, Dalraaticus, Sarmati- 
cus, Cibyraticus, Rhajticus, Geticus, Gangeticus, /Egine- 
ticus, Rhceticus, Creticus, Meinpbiticus, Sybariticus, 
Abderiticus, Celticus, Atlanticus, Garamanticus, Alen- 
ticus, Ponticus, Scoticus, Mivoticus, Bceoticus, Heracleo- 
ticus, Mareoticus, Phthioticus, Niloticus, Epiroticus, 
Syrticus, Atticus, Alyatticus, Halyatticus, Mediastu- 
ticus. 

OCUS UCUS YCUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ophiucus, Inycua. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lauodocus, Amodocus, Amphilocus, Ibycus, Libycus, 
Besbycus, Autolycus, Amycus, Glanycus, Corycus. 

ADUS EDUS IDUS ODUS YDUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Lebedus, Congedus, Alfredus, Aluredus, Emodus, An- 
drodus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Adadus, Enceladus, Aradus, Antaradus, Aufidus, Algi- 
dus, Lepidus. Hesiodus, Commodus, Monodus, Lacydus, 
Polydas. 

^EUS 03US 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Niobaeus, Meliboeus, and all words of these termina- 
tions. 

EUS* ' 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Lycambeu8, Thisbeus, Bereniceus, Lynceus (the bro- 
ther of Idas), Simonideus, Euripideus, Pherecydeus, 
Pira^eus, Phegeus, Tegeus, Sigeus, Ennosigeus, Argeus, 
Baccheus, Motorcheus, Cepheus, Rhipheus, Alpheus, Or- 
pheus (adjective), Erectheus, Prometheus (adjective), 
Cleantheus, Rhadamantheus, Erymantbeus, Pantheus 
(adjective), Dasdaleus, Sophocleus, Themistocleus, Eleus, 
Neleus (adjective), Oileus (adjective), Apelleus, Achil- 
leus, Perilleus, Luculleus, Agylleus, Pimpleus, Ebuleus, 
Asculeus, Ma3culeus, Cadmeus, Aristophaneus, Cana- 
neus, CEneus (adj. 3 syll.), CEneus (sub. 2 syll.), Idome- 
neus, Schceneus, Peneus, Phineus, Cydoneus, Androgeo- 
neus, Bioneus, Deucalioneus, Acrisioneus, Salmoneus 
(adjective), Maroneus, Antenoreus, Phoroneus (adjec- 
tive), Thyoneus, Cyrneus, Epeus, Cyclopeus, Penelopeus, 
Phillipeus, Aganippeus, Menandreus (adjective), Nereus, 
Zagreus, Boreus, Hyperboreus, Polydoreus, Atreus (ad- 
jective), Centaureus, Nesseus, Cisseus, CEteus, Rhceteus, 
Anteus, Abanteus, Phalanteus, Therodamauteus, Poly- 
damanteus, Thoanteus, Hyanteus, Aconteus, Laomedon- 
teus, Thermodonteus, Phaethonteus, Phlegethonteus, 
Oronteus, Thyesteus, Phryxeus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gerionaceus, Menocceus. Lynceus (adjective), Dorceus, 
Caduceus, Asclepiadeus, Paladeus, Sotadeus, Tydeus, 
Orpheus (substantive), Morpheus, Tyrrheus, Prometheus 
(substantive), Cretbeus, Mnesitheus, Dositheus,Pentheus 
(substantive), Smintheus, Timotbeus, Brotheus, Doro- 
theus, Menestheus, Eurysthcus, Pittheus, Pytheus, Da> 
daleus, ^Egialeus, Maleus, Tantaleus, Heracleus, Celeus, 
Eleleus, Neleus, Peleus, Nileus, Oileus (substantive), 
Demoleu8, Romuleus, Pergameus, Euganeus, Melaneus, 



* It may be observed, that words of this termination are 
sometimes both substantives and adjectives. When they 
are substantives, they have the accent on the antepenul- 
timate syllable, as Neleus, Prometheus, Salmoneus, &c; 
and when adjectives, on the penultimate, as Nelius, 
Prometheus, Salmoneus, &.c. Thus, CEneus, a king of 
Oalydonia, is pronounced in two syllables ; the adjective 
CEneus, which is formed from it, is a trisyllable ; and 
CEnVius, another formative of it, is a word of four syl- 
lables. But these words, when formed into English 
adjectives, alter their termination with the accent on the 
penultimate: 

" With other notes than to the OrphHan lyre." 

Milton. 



Herculaneus, Cyaneus, Tyaneus, Ceneua, Dicaneus, Phe 
neus, QSneus, Cupidineus, Apollineus, Enneus, Adoneus, 
Aridoneus, Gorgoneus, Deioneus, Ilioneus, Mimalloneus, 
Salmoneus (substantive), Acroneus, Phoroneus (substan- 
tive), Albuneus,Enipous,Sinopeus, Hippeus, Aristippeus, 
Areas, Macarous, Tyndareus, Megareus (substantive), 
Caphareua (substantive), Briarcus, ^Esareus, Patarcus, 
Cythereus, Phalereus, Nereus (substantive), Tereus, Ado- 
rous, Mentoreus, Nestoreus, Atreus (substantive), Cauca- 
seus, Pegaseus, Theseus, Perseus, Nicteu9, ArgenteuB, 
Bronteus, Proteus, Agyeus. 

AGUS EGUS IGUS OGUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Cethegus, Robigus, Rubigus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
^gophagus, Osphagus, Neomagus, Rothomagus, Ni- 
omagus, Noviomagus, Ca;saromagus,Sitomagus, Areopa- 
gus, Harpagus, Arviragus, Uragus, Astrologus. 

ACHUS OCHUS UCHUS YCHUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Daduchus, Ophiuchus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Telemachus, Diimachus, Deimachus. Alcimachus, 
Callimachus, Lysimachus, Antimaclius, Symmachus, 
Andromachus, Clitomachus, Aristomachus, Euryma- 
chus, Inachus, Iamblichus, Demodochus, Xenodochus, 
Deiochus, Antiochus, Deilochus, Archilochus, Mnesilo- 
chus, Thersilochus, Orsilochus, Antilochus, Naulochus, 
Eurylochus, Agerochus, Polyochus, Monychus, Abrony- 
chus. 

APHUS EPHUS IPHUS OPHUS YPHUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Josephus, Seriphus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ascalaphus, Epaphus, Patepaphus, Anthropogtaphus, 
Telephus, Absephus, Agastrophus, Sisyphus. 

ATHUS ^THUS ITHUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Simsthus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Archagathus, Amathus, Lapathus, Carpathus, Mychi- 
thus. 

AIUS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
C'aius, Laius, Gr'aius. — See Achaia. 

ABIUS IBIUS OBILTS UBIUS YBIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Fabius, Arabius, Baebius, Vibius, Albius, Amobius, 
Macrobius, Androbius, Tobius, Virbius, Lesbius, Eubius, 
Danubius, Marrhubius, Talthybius, Polybius. 

CIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Acacius, Ambracius, Acracius, Thracius, Athracius, 
Samothracius, Lampsacius, Arsacius, Byzacius, Accius, 
Siccius, Decius, Threicius, Cornificius, Cilicius, Numi- 
cius, Apicius, Sulpicius, Fabricius, Oricius, Cincius, 
Mincius, Marcius, Circius, Hircius, Roscius, Albucius, 
Lucius, Lycius, Bebrycius. 

DIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Leccadius, Icadius, Arcadius, Palladius, Tenedius, 
Albidius,Didius, Thucydidius, Fidius, Aufidius, Eufidius, 
iEgidius, Nigidius, Obsidius, Gratidius, Brutidius, Hel- 
vidius, Ovidius, Rhodius, Clodius, Hannodius, Gordius, 
Claudius, Rudius, Lydius. 

ElUSf (a) 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Dane'ius, Cocccius, Lyrceius, ^Eacideius, Lelegeius, 
Sigeius, Baccheius, Cepheius, Typhoaeius, Cretheius, Pit- 



"The tuneful tongue, the Promethean band." 

Akenside. 
And sometimes on the antepenultimate, as — 

" The sun, as from Thyestian banquet tum'd." 

Milton. 

f Almost all the words of this termination are a Ijec- 
tives, and in these the vowels ei form distinct syllables ; 
the others, as Cocceius, Saleius, Proculeius, Canuleius, 
Apuleius, Egnatuleius, Schceneius, Lampeius, Vultu- 
reius, Atteius, and Minyeius, are substantives ; and 
which, though sometimes pronounced with the ei form- 
ing a diphthong, and sounded like the noun eye, are more 
generally heard like the adjectives; so that the whole 
07 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



theius, Saleius, Semeleius, Neleius, Stheneleius, Porcule- 
ius, Septimuleius, Canuleius, Venuleius, Apuleius, Egna- 
tuleius, Sypyleius, Priameius, Cadmeius, Tyaneius, 
^Eneius, Clymcneius, CEneius, Autoneius, Schceneius, 
Lampeius, Rhodopeius, Dolopeius, Priapeius, Pompeius, 
Tarpeius, Cynareius, Cythereius, Nereius, Satureiu3, 
Vulturcius, Cinyreius, Nyseius, Teius, Hecateius, Elate- 
ius, Rhoeteius, Atteius, Minyeius. 

GIUS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. - 
Valgius, Belgius, Catangius, Sergius, Asceburgius, 
Oxygius. 

CHIUS PHIUS THIUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Sperchius. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Inachius, Bacchius, Dulichius, Telechius, Munychius, 
Hesychius, Tychius, Cyniphius, Alphius, Adelphius, 
Sisyphius, Einathius, Simaethius, Acitliius, Melanthius, 
Erymanthius, Corinthius, Zerynthius, Tirynthius. 

ALIUS MELIUS ELIUS ILIUS ULIUS YLIUS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 

GEbalius, Idalius, Acidalius, Palaephalius, Stymphalius, 
Mamalius, Opalius, Thessalius, Castalius, Publius, He- 
raclius,* iElius, Caelius, Laalius, Delius, Melius, Cornelius, 
Coelius, Cloelius, Aurelius, Nyctelius, Praxitelius, Abilius, 
Babilius, Carbilius, Orbilius, Aeilius, Csecilius, Lucilius, 
^Edilius, Virgilius, ^Emilius, Manilius, Pompilius, Tur- 
pilius, Atilius, Basilius,f Cantilius, Cluintilius, Hostilius, 
Attilius, Rutihus, Duilius, Sterquilius, Carvilius, Servil- 
ius, Callius, Trebellius, Cascellius, Gellius, Arellius, 
Vitellius, Tullius, Manlius, Tenolius, Nauplius. Daulius, 
Julius, Amulius, Pamphylius, Pylius. 

MIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Samius, Ogmius, Isthmius, Decimius, Septimius Rhem- 
mius, Memmius, Murnmius, Nomius, Bromius, Latmius, 
Posthumius. 

ANIUS ENIUS'INIUS ENNIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Anius,Libanius,Canius,Sicanius,Vulcanius, Ascanius, 
Dardanius, Clanius, Manius. Afranius, Granius, ^Enius, 
Msenius, Genius, Borysthenius, Lenius, Valenius, Cylle- 
nius, Olenius, Menius, Achasmenius, Armenius, Ismenius, 
Poenius, Sirenius, Messenius, Dossenius, Polyxenius, 
Troezenius, Gabinius, Albinius, Licinius, Sicinius, Vir- 
ginius, Trachinius, Minius, Salaminius, Flaminius, Eti- 
minius, Arminius, Herminius, Caninius, Tetritinius, 
Asinius, Eleusmius, Vatinius, Flavinius, Tarquinius, 
Cilnius, Tolumnius, Annius, Fannius, Elannius, Ennius, 
Fescennius, Dossennius. 

ONIUS UNIUS YNIUS OIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Aonius, Lycaonius, Chaonius, Machaonius, Amythao- 
nius, Trebonius, Heliconius, Stiliconius, Asconius, Mace- 
donius, Chalcedonius, Caledonius, Sidonius, Alehando- 
nius, Mandonius, Dodonius, Cydonius, Calydonius, Maeo- 
nius, Paeonius, Agonius, Gorgonius, La?strygonius, Les- 
trygonius, Trophonius, Sophonius, lUaratlionius, Sitho- 
nius, Ericthoniiis, Aphthonius, Argunthonius, Tithonius, 
Ionius, CEdipodionius, Echionius, Ixionius, Salonius, 
Milonius, Apollonius, Babyloniu=, jEmonius, Laceda> 
monius, Haemonius, Palacmonius, Ammonius,Strymonius, 
Nonius, Memnonius, Agameinnonius, Crannonius, Ven- 
nonius, Junonius, Pomponius, Acronius, Sopbronius, 
Scironius, Sempronius, Antronius, yEsonius, Ausonius, 
Latoniu3, Suetonius, Antonius, Bistonius, Plutonius, 
Favonius, Amazonius, Esernius, Calphnrnius, Saturnius, 
Daunius, Junius, Neptunius, Gortynius, Typhoius, Ache- 
loius Minoius, Trjjius. 

4FAPIU3 OPIUS I PIUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Agapius, vEsculapius, iEsapius, Messapius, Grampius, 
Procopius, CEnopius, Cecropius, Eutropius, vEsopius, 
Mopsopius, Gippius, Puppius,Caspius, Thespius,Cispius. 

ARIUS ERIUS IRIUS ORIUS URIUS YRIUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Darius. 



list may be fairly included under the same general rule, 
that of sounding the e separately, and the i like y conso- 
nant, as in the similar terminations in eia and ia. This 
ig the more necessary in these words, as the accented e 
and the unaccented i are so much alike as to require the 
sound of the initial or consonant y, in order to prevent 
the hiatus, by giving a small diversity to the two vow- 
els.— See ACHAIA. 

* Labbe places the accent of this word on the penul- 
timate, t, as in Heraclitus and Heraclidoe ; but the Ro- 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arius, Icarius, Tarcundarius, Ligarius, Sangarius, 
Corinthiarius, Larius, Marius,HierosoTymarius,^Enariu3, 
Taenarius, Asinarius, Isinarius, Varius, Januarius, Aqua. 
rius, Februarius, Atuarius, Imbrius, Adrius, Evandrius, 
Laberius, Biberius, Tiberius, Celtiberius, Vinderius, 
Acherius, Valerius, Numerius, Hesperius, Agrius, (Ea- 
grius, Cenchrius, Rabirius, Podalirius, Sirius, Virius, 
Bosphorius, Elorius, Florius, Actorius, Anactorius, Ser- 
torius, Caprius, Cyprius, Arrius, Feretrius, QEnotrius, 
Adgandestrius,Caystrius, Epidaurius, Curius, Mercurius, 
Durius, Furius, Palfurius, Thurius, Mamurius, Purius, 
Masurius, Spurius, Veturius, Asturius, Atabyrius, Scyrius, 
Porphyrius, Assyrius, Tyrius. 

ASIU3 ESIUS ISIUS OSIUS USIUS YSIUS 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Asius, Casius, Thasius, Jasius, ^Esius, Acesius, Cora 
cesius, Arcesius, Mendesius, Chesius, Ephesius, Milesius, 
Theumesius, Teumesius, iEnesius, Magnesius, Proconne- 
sius, Chersonesius, Lyrnesius, Marpesius, Acasesius, 
Melitesius, Adylisius, Amisius, Artemisius, Simbisius, 
Charisius, Acrisius, Hortensius, Syracosius, Theodosius, 
Gnosius, Sosius, Mopsius, Cassius, Thalassius, Lyrnes- 
sius, Cressius, Tartessius, Syracusius, Fusius, Agusius, 
Amathusius, Opbiusius, Ariusius, Volusius, Selinusius, 
Acherusius, Maurusius, Lysius, Elysius, Dionysius, 
Odrysius, Amphrysius, Othrysius. 

ATIUS ETIUS ITIUS OTIUS UTIUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Xenophontius. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Trebatius, Catius, Volcatius, Achatius, Latius, Ca?se- 
natius, Egnatius, Gratius, Horatius, Tatius, Luctatius, 
Statius, Actius, Vectius, (iuinctius, Aetius, jEtius, Pa- 
nwtius, Pra?tius, Cetius, Caeetius, Vegitius, Metius, 
Ma?netius, Lucretius, Helvetius, Saturnalitius,Floralitius, 
Compitalitius, Domitius, Beritius, Neritius, Crassitius, 
Titius, Politius, Abundantius, Pasantius, Taulantius, 
Acamantius, Teuthrantius, Lactantius, Hyantius, By- 
zantius, Terentius, Cluentius, Maxentius," Mezentius, 
Quintius, Acontius, Vocontius, Laomedontius, Leontius, 
Pontius, Hellespontius, Acherontius, Bacuntius, Opuntius. 
Aruntius, Mseotius, Thesprotius, Scaptius, /Egyptiu», 
Martius, Laertius, Propertius, Hirtius, Mavortius, Tibur- 
tius, Curtius, Thestius, Themistius,Canistius, Sallustius, 
Crustius, Carystius, Hymettius, Bruttius, Abutius, Ebu- 
tius, iEbutius, Albutius, Acutius, Locutius, Stercutius, 
Mutius, Minutius, Pretutius, Clytius, Bavius, Flavins, 
Navius, Evius, MaBvius, Naevius, Ambivius, Livius, Mil- 
vius, Fulvius, Sylvius, Novius, Servius, Vesvius, Pacu- 
vius, Vitruvius, Vesuvius, Axius, Naxius, Alexius, Ixius, 
Sabazius. 

ALUS CLUS ELUS ILUS OLUS ULUS YLUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Stymphalus, Sardanapalus, Androclus, Patroclus, Do- 
ryclus, Orbelus, Pbilomelus, Eumelus. Phasaelus, Phase- 
lus, Crysilus, Cimolus. Timolus, Tmolus, Mausolus, 
Pactolus, .(Etolus, Atabulus, Praxibulus, Cleobulus, Cri- 
tobulus, Acontobulus, Aristobulus, Eubulus, Thrasybulus, 
Getulus, Bargylus, Massylus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Abalus, Heliogabalus, Corbalus, Bubalus, Cocalus, 
Daedalus, Id;ilus, Acidalus, Megalus, Trachalus, CepbaJus, 
Cynocephalus, Bucephalus, Anchialut, Manalus, Hippa- 
luft, Harpalus, Bupalus, Hypalus, Thessalus, Italus, 
Tantalus, Crotalus, Ortalus, Attalus, Euryalus, Doryclus, 
Stiphelus, Sthenelus, Eutrapelus, Cypselus, Babilus, 
Diphilus, Antipbilus, Famphilus, Theophilus, Damophi- 
lus, Trbilus, Zbilus. Chcerilus, Myrtilus, ^Egobolus, Nau- 
bolus, Equicolus, JSolus, Laureolus, Anchemolus, Bibu- 
lus, Bibaculus, Caeculus, Graeculus, Siculus, Saticulus, 
/Equiculus, Paterculus, Acisculus, Regulus, Romulus, 
Venulus,Apulus, Salisubsulus, Vesulus, Catulus, Ga;tulus, 
Getulus, Opitulus, Lentulus, Rutulus, ^Eschylus, Deiphy- 
lus, Demylus, Deipylus, Sipylus, Empylus, Cratylus, 
Astylus. 

AMUS EMUS IMUS OMUS UMUS YMUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Callideruus, Charidemus, Pethodemus, Philodemus, 
Phanodemus. Clitodemus, Aristodemus, Polyphemus, 
Theotimus, Hermotimus, Aristotimus, Ithomus. 



man emperour of this name is so generally pronounced 
with the antepenultimate accent, that it would savour of 
pedantry to alter it. Nor do I understand the reason on 
which Labbe founds his accentuation. 

t This word, the learned contend, ought to have the 
accent on the penultimate; but that the learned frequent- 
ly depart from this pronunciation, by placing the accent 
on the antepenultimate, may be seen, Rule 31, prefixed to 
the Initial Vocabulary. 

1108 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Lygdarnus, Arohidamus, Agesidarnus, Apusidamus, An 
axidamus, Zeuxidamus, Androdamus, Xcnodamus, Coga- 
mus, Pergamus, Orchamus, Priamus, Cinnamus, Ceramus, 
Abdiramus, Pyramus, Anthemu3, Telemus, Tlepolemua, 
Theopolemus, Neoptolemus, Phasdimus, Abdalonimus, 
Zosimus, Maximus, Antidomus, Amphinomus, Nicodro 
mus, Didymus, Dindymus,Helymus, Solymus,Cleonymus, 
Abdalonymus, Hieronymus, Euonymus, yEsymus. 

ANUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Artabanus, Cebanus, Thebanus, Albanus, Nerbanus, 
Verbanus, Labicanus, Gallicanus, Africanus, Sicanus, 
Vaticanus, Lavicanus, Vulcanus, Hyrcanus, Lucanus, 
Transpadanus, Pedanus, Apidanus, Fundanus, Codanus, 
Eanus, Garganus, Murhanus, Baianus, Trajanus, Fabia- 
nua, Accianus, Priscianus, Roscianus, Lucianus, Seleuci- 
anus, Herodianus, Claudianus, Saturcianus, Sejanus, 
Carteianus, iElianus, Afflianus, Lucilianus, Virgilianus, 
Petilianus, Quintilianus, Catullianus, Tertullianus, Juli- 
anus, Ammianus, Memmianus, Formianus, Diogenianus, 
Suandinianus, Papinianus, Valentinianus, Justinianus, 
Trophonianus, Othonianus, Pomponianus, Maronianus, 
Apronianus, Thyonianus, Trojanus, Ulpianus, ^Esopia- 
nus, Appianus, Oppianus, Marianus, Adrianus, Hadria- 
nus, Tiberianus, Valerianus, Papirianus, Vespasianus, 
Hortensianus, Theodosianus, Bassianus, Pelusianus, Di- 
ocletianus, Domitianus, Antianus, Scantianus, Terentia- 
nus, Quintianus, Sestianus, Augustianus, Sallustianus, 
Pretutianus, Sextianus, Flavianus, Bovianus, Pacuvianus, 
Alanus, Elanus, Silanus, Fregellanus, Atellanus, Regil- 
ianus, Lucullanus, Sullanus, Syllanus, Carseolanus, Pa- 
teolanus, Coriolanus, Ocriculanus, iEsculanus, Tuscula- 
nus, Carsulanus, Fassulanus, Q,uerquetulanus, Anianus, 
Lemanus, Summanus, Romanu9, Rhenanus, Amenanus, 
Pucinanus, Cinnanus, Campanus, Hispanus, Sacranus, 
Venafranus, Claranus, Ulubranus, Seranus, Lateranus, 
Coranus, Soranus, Serranus, Suburranus, Gauranus, Su- 
buranus, Ancyranus, Cosanus, Sinuessanus, Syracusanus, 
Satanus, Laletanus, Tunetanus, Abretanus, Cretanus, 
Setabitanus, Gaditanus, Tingitanus, Caralitanus, Neapo- 
litanus, Antipolitanus, Tomitanus, Taurominitanus, 
Sybaritanus, Liparitanus, Abderitanus, Tritanus, Ancyri- 
tanus, Lucitanus, Pantanus, Nejentanus, Nomentanus, 
Beneventanus, Montanus, Spartanus, Paestanus, Adelstn- 
nus, Tutanus, Sylvanus, Albinovanus, Adeantuanus, 
Mantuanus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Libanus, Clibanus, Antilibanus, Oxycanus, Eridanus, 
Rhodanus, Dardanus, Oceanus, Longimanus, Idumanu3, 
Dripanus, Caranus, Adranus, Coeranus, Tritanus, Pan- 
tanus, Sequanus. 

ENUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 

Characenua, Lampsacenus, Astacenus, Picenus, Da- 
mascene, Suffenus, Alfenus, Alphenus, Tyrrhenus, Ga- 
bienus, Labienus, Avidenus, Amenus, Pupienus, Garienus, 
Cluvienus, Calenus, Galenus, Silenus, Pergamenus, Alex- 
amenus, Ismenus, Thrasymenus, Trasymenus, Diopcenus, 
Capenus, Cebrenus, Fibrenus, Serenns,Palrnyrenus, Ama- 
senus, Tibisenus, Misenus, Evenus, Byzenus. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 

Ambenus, Helenus, Oienus, Tissamenus, Dexamenus, 
Diadumenus, Clymenus, Periclymenus, Axenus, Callixe- 
nus, Philoxenus, Timoxenus, Atistoxenus. 

INUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Cyt'ainus, Gnbinus, Sabinus, Albinus, Sidicinus, Arici- 
nus, Sicinus, Ticinus, Mancinus, Adminocinus, Carcinus, 
Coscinus, Marrucinus, Erycinus, Acadinus, Caudinus, 
Rufinus, Rheginus, Erginus, Opiturginus, Auginus, 
Hyginus, Pachinus, Echinus, Delphinus, Myirhinus, 
Pothinus, Facelinus, Velinus, Stergilinus, Esquilinus, 
^Esquilinus, Caballinus, Marcellinus, Tigellinus, Sibyl- 
Hnu3, Agyllinus, Solinus, Capitolinus, Geminus,* Maxi- | 
minus, Crastuminus, Anagninus, Signinus, Theoninus, \ 
Saloninus, Antoninus, Amiterninus, Saturninus, Priapi- 
nus, Salapinus, Lepinus, Alpinus, Inalipinus, Arpinus, 
Hirpinus, Crispinus, Rutupinus, Lagarinus, Charinus, 
Diocharinus, Nonacrinus, Fibrinus, Lucrinus, Leandri- 
nus, Alexandrinus, Iberinus, Tiberinus, Transtiberinus, 
Amerinus, ^Eserinus, dnirinus, Censorinus, Assorinus, 
Favorinus, Phavorinus, Taurinus, Tigurinus, Thurinus, 
Semurinus, Cyrinus, Myrinus, Gelasinus, Exasinus, 
Acesinus, Halesinus, Telesinus, Nepesinus, Brundisinus, 



* Phis is the name of a certain astrologer mentioned 
by Petavius, which Labbe says would be pronounced with 
the accent on the antepenultimate by those who are igno- 
rant of Greek. 



Nursinus, Narcissinus, Libyssinus, Fuscinus, Clusinus, 
Venusinus, Perusinus, Susinus, Ardeatinus, Reatinus 
Antiatinus, Latinos, Collatinus, Cratinus, Soractinus, 
Aretinus, Arretinus, Setinus, Bantinus, Murgantinus, 
Phalantinus, Numantinus, Tridentinus, Ufentinus, Mur- 
gentinus, Salentinus, Pollentinus, Polentinus, Tarentinus, 
Terentinus, Surrentinus, Laurent inus, Aventinus, Truen- 
tinus, Leontinus, Pontinus, Metapontinus, Saguntinus, 
Martinus, Mamertinus, Tiburtinus, Crastinus, Pakestinus, 
Prsnestinus, Atestinus, Vestinus, Augustinus, Justinus, 
Lavinus, Patavinus, Acuinus, Elvinus, Corvinus, Lanu- 
vinus, Vesuvinus, Euxinus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ph'ainus, Acinus, Alcinus, Fucinus, J2acidinus, Cyte'i- 
nus, Earchinus, Morinus,t Myrrhinus, Terminus, Rumi- 
nus, Earinus, Asinus, Apsinus, Myrsinus, Pometinus, 
Agrantinus. 

ONUS UNUS YNUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Drachonus, Onochonus, Ithonus, Tithonus, Myronus, 
Neptunus, Portunus, Tutunus, Bithynus. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Exagonus, Hexagonus, Telegonus, Epigonus, Erigonus, 
Tosigonus, Antigonus, Laogonus, Chrysogonus, Nebroph- 
onus, Aponus, Carantonus, Santonus, Aristonus, Dercy- 
nus, Acindynua. 

OUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Aoiis, Laoiis, Sardoiis, Eoiis, Geloiis, Acheloiis, Inoiis, 
Minoiis, Naupactoiis, Arctoiis, Myrtoiis. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ilydrochoiis, Aleathoiis, Pirithoiis, Nausithoiis, Alci- 
noils, Sphinoiis, Antinoiis. 

APUS EPUS IPUS OPUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Priapus, Anapus, ./Esapus, Messapus, Athepus, iEsepus, 
Euripus, Lycopus, Melanopus, Canopus, Inopus, Paropus, 
Oropus, Europus, Asopus, ^Esopus, Crotopus. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Sarapus, Astapus, OZdipus, Agriopus, -dEropus. 

ARUS ERUS IRUS ORUS URUS YRUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cimarus, ^Esarus, Iberu9, Doberus, Homerus, Sevcrus, 
Noverus, Meleagrus, OSagrus, Cyna-girus, Camirus, Epi- 
rus, Achedorus, Artemidorus, Isidorus, Dionysidorus, 
Theodorus, Pythodorus, Diodorus, Tryphiodorus, Helio- 
dorus, Ascleplodorus, Atheiiodorus, Cassiodorus, Apollo- 
dorus, Demodorus, Hermodorus, Xenodorus, Metrodorus, 
Polydorus, Alorus, Elorus, Helorus, Pelorus, ^Egimorus, 
Assorus, Cytorus, Epicurus, Palinurus, Arcturus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abarus, Imbarus, Hypobarus, Icarus, Pandarus, Pindarus, 
Tyndarus, Tearus, Farfarus, Amarus, Abgarus, Gargarus, 
Opliarus, Cantharus, Obiarus, Uliarus, Silarus, Cyllarus, 
Tamarus, Absimarus, Comarus, Vindomarus, Tomaros, 
Ismurus, Ocinarus, Pinarus, Cinnarus, Absarus, Bassa- 
rus, Deiotarus, Tartarus, Eleazarus, Artabrus, Balacrua, 
Charadrus, Cerberus, Bellerus, Mermerus, Termerus, 
Hesperus, Craterus, Icterus, Anigrus, Glaphirns, Debo- 
rus, Pacorus, Stesichorus, Gorgophorus, Telesphorus, 
Bosphorus, Phosphorus, Heptaporus, Euporus, Anxurus, 
Deipyrus, Zopyrus, Leucosyrus, Satyrus, Tityrus. 

ASUS ESUS ISUS OSUS USU3 YSUS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Parnassus, Galesus, Halesus, Volesus, Termesus, Theu- 
mesus, Teumcsus, Alopeconnesus, Proconnesus, Arcon- 
nesus, Elaphonnesus, Demonesus, Cherronesus. Chersone- 
sus, Arctennesus, Myonnesus, Halonesus, Cephalonesus, 
Peloponnesus, Cromyonesus, Lyrnesus, Marpcsus, Titaro- 
sus, Alisus, Paradisus, Amisus, Paropamisus, Crinisus, 
Amnisus, Berosus, Agrosus, Ebusus, Amphrysus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Oribasus, Bubasus, Caucasus, Pedasus, Agasus, Pega- 
sus, Tama9us, Harpasus, Imbrasus, Cerasus, Doryasus, 
Vogesus, Vologesus, Ephesus, Anisus, Genusus, Am- 
brysus. 

ATUS ETUS ITUS OTUS UTUS YTUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Rubicatus, Bsticatus, Abradatus, Ambigatus, Viriatus, 
Elatus, Pilatus, Catugnatus, Cincinnatus, Odenatus, Le- 



t The singular of Morini. — See the word. 

As thei in the foregoing selection has the accent on it, 
it ought to be pronounced like the noun eye ; while tre 
unaccented i in this selection should be pronounced like 
«.— See Rule 4th prefixed to the Initial Vocabulary. 
1109 * 



GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES. 



onatus, Aratus, Pytharatus, Demaratus, Acratus, Ora- 
tus, Sceleratus. Serratus, Dentatus, Duatus, Torquatus, 
Februatus, Achetus, Polycletus, jiEgletus, Miletus, Ad- 
roetus, Treraetu9, Diognetus, Dyscinetus, Capetus, Aga- 
petus, Iapetus., Acretus, Oretus, Hermaphroditus.Epaph- 
roditus. Heraclitus, Munitus, Agapitus, Gerritus, Bituitus, 
Polygnotus, Azotus, Acutus, Stercutus, Cornutus, Cocy- 
tus, Berytus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Deodatus,Palaepnatus,Inatus,Acratus,Dinocratus,Eches- 
tratus*Amestratus,Menestratus,Amphistratus,Callistra- 
tus, Damasistratus, Erasistratus, Agesistratus,Hegesistra- 
tus, Pisistraiu9, Sosistratus, Lysistratus, Nicostratus, Cle- 
ostratus, Damostratus, Demostratus, Sostratus, Philostra- 
tus, Dinostratus, Herostratus, Eratostratus, Polystratus, 
Acrotatus, T'aygetus, Denroenetus, Iapetus, Tacitus, Iph- 
itus, Onomacritus, Agoracritus, Onesicritus, Cleocritus, 
Damocritus, Democritus, Aristocritus, Antidotus, Theo- 
dotus, Xenodotus, Herodotus, Cephisodotus, Libanotus, 



* All words ending in stratus have the accent on the 
antepenultimate syllable, 
f This word is pronounced with the accent either on 



Leuconntus, Euronotus, Agesimbrotus, Stesimbrotus, 
Theombrotus, Cleombrotus, Hippolytus, Anytus, ^Epytus, 
Eurytus. 

AVUS EVUS IVUS UUS XUS YUS ZUS XY9 U 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Agavus, Timavus, Saravus, Batavus,f Versevus, Sii- 
evus, Gradivus, Argivus, Briaxus, Oaxus, Araxus, Eu- 
doxus, Trapezus, Cnaraxys. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Batavus, Inuus, Fatuus, Tityus, Diascoridu. 
DAX LAX NAX RAX RIX DOX ROX 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ambrodax, Demonax, Hipponax. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arctophylax, Hegesianax, Hermesianax, Lysianax, 
Astyanax, Agonax, Hierax, Caetobrix, Eporedorix, Deu- 
dorix, Ambiorix, Dumnorix, Adiatorix, Orgetorix, Bitu- 
rix, Cappadox, Allobrox. 



the penultimate or antepenultimate syllable: the former, 
however, is the most general, especially among the 
poets. 

1110 



RULES 



FOR THE 



PRONUNCIATION 



OF 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



1111 



ADVERTISEMENT. 



THE true pronunciation of the Hebrew language, as 
Doctor Lowth observes, is lost. To refer us for assist- 
ance to the Masoretick points, would be to launch us on a 
sea without shore or bottom: the only compass, by which 
we can possibly steer on this boundless ocean, is the 
Septuagint version of the Hebrew Bible ; and, as it is 
highly probable the translators transfused the sound of 
the Hebrew proper names into the Greek, it gjves us 
something like a clew to guide us out of the labyrinth. 
But even here we are often left to guess our way: for the 
Greek word is frequently so different from the Hebrew, as 
scarcely to leave any traces of similitude between them. 
In this case custom and analogy must, often deoide, and 
the ear must sometimes solve the difficulty. But these 
difficulties relate chiefly to the accentuation of Hebrew 
words : and the method adopted in this point will be 6een 
in its proper place. 

I must here acknowledge my obligations to a very 



learned and useful work— the Scripture Lexicon of Mr. 
Oliver. As the first attempt to facilitate the pronuncia- 
tion of Hebrew proper names, by dividing them into syl- 
lables, it deserves the highest praise : but, as I have often 
differed widely from this gentleman in syllabication, 
accentuation, and the sound of the vowels, I have 
thought it necessary to give my reasons for this differ- 
ence, which will be seen under the Rules ; of the validity 
of which reasons the reader will be the best judge. 



N. B. As there are many Greek and Latin proper 
names in Scripture, particularly in the New Testament, 
which are to be met with in ancient history, some of 
them have been omitted in this selection : and therefore, 
if the inspector does not find them here, he is desired to 
seek for them in the Vocabulary of Greek and Latin 
Names. 

1112 



RULES 

FOR PRONOUNCING 

SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



1. IN the pronunciation of the letters of the Hebrew 
proper names, we find nearly the same rules prevail as in 
those of Greek and Latin. Where the vowels end a syl- 
lable with the accent on it, they have their long open 
sound, as Na<-bal, Je'-hu, Si'-rach, Go'-shen, and Tu'-bal. 
(See Rule 1st prefixed to the Greek and Latin Proper 
Names.) 

2. When a consonant ends the syllable, the preceding 
vowel is short, as Sam'-u-el, Lem'-uel, Sim'-e-on, Sol'-o- 
tnon, Suc'-cotk, Sijn'-a-gogue. (See Rule 2d prefixed to the 
Greek and Latin Proper Names.) I here differ widely 
from Mr. Oliver; for I cannot agree with him that the 
e in Abdiel, the o in Arnon, and the u in Ashur, are to be 
pronounced like the ee in seen, the o in tone, and the u in 
tune, which is the rule he lays down for all similar words. 

3. Every final i, forming a distinct syllable, though un- 
accented, has the long open sound, as A'-i, A-ris'-a-i. 
(See Rule 4th prefixed to the Greek and Latin Proper 
Names.) 

4. Every unaccented t, ending a syllable, not final, is 
pronounced like c, as A'-ri-el, Ab'-di-el, pronounced A'- 
re-el, Ab'-de-el. (See Rule 4th prefixed to the Greek 
and Latin Proper Names.) 

5. The vowels at are sometimes pronounced in one syl- 
lable, and sometimes in two. As tho Septuagint version 
is our chief guide in the pionunciution of Hebrew proper 
names, it may be observed, that when these letters are 
pronounced as a diphthong in one syllable, like our Eng- 
lish diphthong in the word daily, they are either a diph- 
thong in the Greek word, or expressed by the Greek t or i, 
as Ben-ai'-ah, Bavaia ; Hu'-shai, Xsoi ; Hu-rai, Ovpi, 
&.C. ; and that when they are pronounced in two sylla- 
bles, as aham'-ma-i, Shash-a-i, Ber-a-i'-ah, it is because 
the Greek words by which they are translated, as Hauat, 
2eoh, Bupaia, make two syllables of these vowels. Mr. 
Oliver ha9 not always attended to this distinction : he 
makes Sin'-a-i three syllables, though the Greek makes it 
but two in Ecvo. That nccurate prosodist, Labbe, in- 
deed, makes it a trisyllable; but he does the same by 
Aaron and Canaan, which our great classick Milton uni- 
formly reduces to two syllables, as well as Sinai. If we 
were to pronounce it in three syllables, we must necessa- 
rily make the first syllable short, as in Shim'-e-i ," but 
this is so contrary to the best usage, that it amounts to a 
proof that it ought to be pronounced in two syllables, with 
the first i long, as in Shi'-nar. This, however, must be 
looked upon as a general rule only: these vowels in 
Isaiah, Grtecised by 'Hffaiaj. are always pronounced as a 
diphthong, or. at least, with the accent* on the a, and the 
i like y articulating the succeeding vowel : in Caiaphas, 
likewise, the St is pronounced like a diphthong, though 
divided in the Greek Kn'iatptic ; which division cannot 
take place in this word, because the i must then necessa- 
rily have the accent, and must be pronounced as in Isaac, 
as Mr. Oliver has marked it, but I think contrary to uni- 
versal usage. The only point necessary to be observed 
in the sound of this diphthong is, the slight difference 
we perceive between its medial and final position : when 
it is final, it is exactly like the English ay without the 
accent, as in holy day, roundelay, galloway ; but when 
it is in the mid lie of a word, and followed by a vowel, 
the i is pronounced as if it were y, and as if this y artic- 
ulated the succeeding vowel : thus Ben-ai'-ah is pro- 
nounced as if written"Ben-a'-?/aA. 

6. Ch is pronounced like k. as Chebar. Chemosh. Enoch. 
&c, pronounced Kebar, Kemosh, Enoch, &c. Cherubim 
and Rachel seem to he perfectly anglicised, as the ch in 
these words is always heard as in the English words cheer, 
child, riches,Scc. (See Rule 12 prefixed to the Greek and 
Latin Proper Names.) The same may be observed of 
Cherub, signifying an order of angels ; hut when it means 
a city of the Babvlonish empire, it ought to be pronounced 

HO 



I 7. Almost the only difference in the pronunciation of 
| the Hebrew, and the Greek and Latin proper names, is in 
i the sound of the g before e and 1 1 in the two last lan- 
| guages this consonant is always soft before these vow- 
els, as Gellius, Gippins, &c, pronounced Jellius, Jippi- 
' us, &.c. ; and in the first it is hard ; as Gera. Gerizim, 
| Gideon, Gilgal, Megiddc, Megiddon, &c. This differ- 
ence is without all foundation in etymology; for both g 
i and c were always hard in the Greek and Latin langua- 
ges, as well as in the Hebrew ; but the latter language 
being studied so much less than the Greek and Latin, it 
has not undergone that change which familiarity is sure 
to produce in all languages : and even the solemn distance 
of this language has not been able to keep the letter c 
from sliding into s before e and i, in the same manner as 
in the Greek and Latin : thus, though Gehaii, Gideon, 
See, have the g hard, Cedrom, Cedron, Cisai, and Cit- 
tern, have the c soft, as if written Sedrom, Sedron, &.c 
The same may be observed of Igeabarim, Igeal, Nagge, 
Shage, Pagiel, with the «• hard , and Ocidelus, Ocina, 
I and Pharaciun. with the c soft like «, 

8. Gentiles, as they are called, ending in ines and iles. 
as Philistines, Hivites, Hittites. &c, being anglicised in 
the translation of the Bible, are pronounced like forma- 
tives of our own, as Phtlistins, Hhitfitldites, Jacobites, 
&c. 

'.'. The unaccented termination ah, so frequent in He- 
brew proper names, ought to be pronounced like the a in 
father. The a in this termination, however, frequently 
falls into the indistinct sound heard in the final a in Af- 
rica. JEtna, &c. ; nor can wc easily perceive any dis- 
tinction in this respect between Elijah and Elisha i but 
the final /i preserves the other vowels open, as Culhnzeh, 
Shiloh, &c, pronounced Culhnzce, Shilo. &c. (See Rule 7 
! prefixed to the Greek and Latin Proper Names.) The 
I diphthong ei is always pronounced like ee : thus Sa-mei - 
us is pronounced as if written Sa-mee'-ns. But if the 
accent be on the ah, then the a ought to be pronounced 
like the a in father; ns Tah'-e-ra. Tah'-pe-nes. ice. 
I 10. It may be remarked, that there are several Hebrew 
proper names, which, by passing through the Greek of 
the New Testament, have conformed to the Greek pro- 
nunciation; such as Aceldama. Gencsareth, Bethphage, 
&c, pronounced Aseldama. Jenerartth, Bethphaje, tic. 
This is, in my opinion, more agreeable to the general anal- 
ogy of pronouncing these Hebrew-Greek words than pre- 
serving the c and g hard. 

I Rules for ascertaining the English Quantity of the 
Voicels in Hebrew Proper Xames. 

| 11. With respert to the quantity of the first vowel in 
dissyllables, with but one consonant in the middle, I have 
followed the rule which we observe in the pronunciation 
of such dissyllables in Greek or Latin words ; (see 

j Rule 18 prefixed to the Grce k and Latin Proper Names ;) 
and that is, to place the accent on the first vowel, and to 

j pronounce that vowel long, as Ku'-rah. and not Kor'-ah, 
JVo'-lorh. and not MoV-ock, as Mr. Oliver has divided them, 
in opposition both to analogy and the be«l nsage. I have 

[Observed »he same analogy in the penultimate of polysyl- 
lables, an v nave not divided Balthnsar into Bal-thas'-ar, 
as Mr. Oliver has done, but into Bal-tha'-sar. 

' 12. In the same manner, when the accent is on the 
antepenultimate syllable, whether the vowel end the syl- 
lable or be followed by two consonants, the vowel is 
always short, except followed by two vowels, as in Greek 
and Latin proper names. (See Rules' prefixed to these 
names. No. 18, 19, 20. &c.) Thus Jehosaphat has the ac- 
cent on the antepenultimate syllahle, according to Greek 
accentuation by quantity, (see'lntroduction to this work;) 
mid this syllable, according to the clearest analogy of 
English pronunciation, is short, as if spelt Je-hos -a-phat. 
5 ' 1113 



RULES FOR PRONOUNCING SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



The secondary accent has the same shortening power in 
Othonias, where the primary accent is on the third, and 
the secondary on the first syllable, as if spelt Oth-o-nV-as -. 
and it is on these two fundamental principles of our own 
pronunciation, namely, the lengthening power of the 
penultimate, and the shortening power of the antepenul- 
timate accent, that [ hope I have been enabled to regulate 
and fix many of those sounds, which were floating about 
in uncertainty, and which, for want of this guide, are 
differently marked by different orthoepists, and often dif- 
ferently by the same orthoepist. (See this fully explain- 
ed and exemplified in Principles of English Pronuncia- 
tion, No. 547, 530, &o.) 

Rules for placing the Accent on Hebrew Proper 
Names. 

13. With respect to the accent of Hebrew words, it 
cannot, be better regulated than by the laws of the Greek 
language. I do not mean, however, that every Hebrew 
word, which is Grcecised by the Septuagint, should be 
accented exactly according to the Greek rule of accentua- 
tion : for, if this were the case, every word ending in el 
would never have the accent higher than the preceding 
syllable; because it was a general rule in the Greek lan- 
guage, that, when the last syllable was long, the accent 
could not be higher than the penultimate : nay, strictly 
spe.nking, were we to accent these words according to the 
accent of that language, they ought to have the accent 
on the last syllable, because AfidiriA and lapafiX, Abdiel 
and Israel, have the accent on that syllable.' It may be 
said, that this accent on the last syllable is the grave, 
which, when on the last word of a sentence, or succeeded 
by an enclitick, was changed into an acute. But here, as 
in words purely Greek, we find the Latin analogy prevail ; 
and, because the penultimate is short, the accent is placed 
on the antepenultimate, in the same manner as in Socra- 
tes, Sosthcnes, &c, though the final syllable of the Greek 
words "ZuKparns, Zuxjdivrjs, &c , is long, and the Greek 
accent on the penultimate. (See Introduction prefixed to 
the Rules for pronouncing Greek and Latin Proper 
Names.) It is this general prevalence of accenting ac- 
cording to the Latin analogy, that has induced me, when 
the Hebrew word has been Graecised in the same number 
of syllables, to prefer the Latin accentuation to what 
may be called our own. Thus Cathua coming to us 
through the Greek KaOvd, I have accented it on the pe- 
nultimate, because the Latins would have placed the ac- 
cent on this syllable on account of its being long, though 
an English ear would be better pleased with the antepe- 
nultimate accent. The same reason has induced me to 
accent Chaseba on the antepenultimate, because it is 
Graecised into Xacre(3d. But when the Hebrew and Greek 
word does not contain the same number of syllables, as 
Mes'-o-bah, Meatopia, Id'-u-el, iSurjXos, it then comes un- 
der our own analogy, and we neglect the long vowel, and 
place the accent on the antepenultimate. The same may 
be observed of Mordecai, from Map8o^alios. 

14. As we never accent a proper name from the Greek 
on the last syllable, (not because the Greeks did not ac- 
cent the last syllable, for they had many words accented 
in that manner, but because this accentuation was con- 
trary to the Latin prosody;) so, if the Greek word be ac- 
cented on any other syllable, we seldom pay any regard 
to it, unless it coincide with the Latin accent. Thus, in 
the word Gcde'rah, I have placed the accent on the pe- 
nultimate, because it is Graecised by Tdonpa, where the 
accent is on the antepenultimate; and this because the 
penultimate is long, and this long penultimate has always 
the accent in Latin. (See this farther exemplified, Rule 
18, prefixed to the Greek and Latin Proper Names, and 
Introduction, near the end.) Thus, though it may seem at 
first sight absurd to derive our pronunciation of Hebrew 
words from the Greek, and then to desert the Greek for 
the Latin ; yet, since we must have some rule, and, if pos- 
sible, a learned one, it is very natural to lay hold of the 
Latin, because it is nearest at hand. For, as language is 
a mixture of reasoning and convenience, if the true rea- 
son lie too remote from common apprehension, another 
more obvious one is generally adopted: and this last, by 
general usage, becomes a rule superiour to the former. It 
is true the analogy of our own language would be a rule 
the most rational; but while the analogies of our 
own language are so little understood, and the Greek and 
Latin languages are so justly admired, even the appear- 
ance of being acquainted with them will always be es- 
teemed reputable, and infallibly lead ns to an imitation 
of them, even in such points as are not only insignificant 
in themselves, but inconsistent with our vernacular pro- 
nunciation. 

15. It is remarkable that all words ending in ias and 
iah have the accent on the i, without any foundation iu 



tho analogy of Greek and Latin pronunciation, except 
the very vague reason that the Greek word places the 
accent on this syllable. I call this reason vague, because 
the Greek accent has no influence on words in ael, iel, 
ial,&cc; as, Iapafi\, A/3(5u)A, Bc\ia\, k. r. A. 

Hence we may conclude the impropriety of pronoun 
cing Messias with the accent on the first syllable, accord- 
ing to Labbe, who says we must pronounce it in this 
manner, if we wish to pronounce it like the French with 
the os rotundum et facundum ; and, indeed, if the i were 
to be pronounced in the French manner, like e, placing 
the accent on the first syllable seems to have the bolder 
sound. This may serve as an answer to the learned 
critick, the editor of Labbe,who says, " the Greeks, but not 
the French, pronounce ore rotundo:" for, though the 
Greeks might place the accent on the i in Mcaotas, 
yet, as they certainly pronounced this vowel as the French 
do, it must have the same slender sound, and the accent 
on the first syllable must, in that respect, be preferable to 
it ; for the Greek i, like the same letter in Latin, was the 
slenderest of all the vowel sounds. It is the broad diph- 
thongal sound of the English i with the accent on it, 
which makes this word sound so much better in English 
than it does in French, or even in the true ancient Greek 
pronunciation. 

16. The termination aim seems to attract the accent on 
the a only in words of more than three syllables ; as, 
FJ-phra-im and Mii'-ra-im have the accent on the ante- 
penultimate; but Ho^ro-na'-im, Ram-a-tha'-im, &c, on the 
penultimate syllable. This is a general rule; but, if the 
Greek word have the penultimate long, the accent ought to 
be on that syllable ; as, Phar-va'-im, <$>apviu, &c. 

17. Kemuel, Jemuel, JVemuel, and other words of the 
same form, having the same number of syllables as the 
Greek words into which they are translated, ought to 
have the accent on the penultimate, as that syllable is long 
in Greek ; but Emanuel, Samuel, and Lemuel, are irrecov- 
erably fixed in the antepenultimate accentuation, and show 
the true analogy of the accentuation of our own lan- 
guage. 

18. Thus we see what has been observed of the tenden- 
cy of Greek and Latin words, to desert their original ac- 
cent, and to adopt that of the English, is much more ob- 
servable in words from the Hebrew. Greek and Latin 
words are fixed in their pronunciation, by a thousand 
books written expressly upon the subject, and ten thou- 
sand occasions of using them ; but Hebrew words, from 
the remote antiquity of the language, from the paucity 
of books in it, from its being originally written without 
points, and the very different style of its poetry from that 
of other languages, afford us scarcely any criterion to 
recur to for settling their pronunciation, which must, 
therefore, often be irregular and desultory. The Septua- 
gint, indeed, gives us some light, and is the only star by 
which we can steer ; but this is so frequently obscured 
as to leave us in the dark, and force us to pronounce 
according to the analogy of our own language. It were 
to be wished, indeed, that this were to be entirely adopted 
in Hebrew words, where wc have so little to determine 
us; and that those words which we have worn into our 
own pronunciation were to be a rule for all others of the 
same form and termination : but it is easier to bring about 
a revolution in kingdoms than in languages. Men of 
learning will always form a sort of literary aristocracy ; 
they will be proud of the distinction which a knowledge 
of languages gives them above the vulgar; and will he 
fond of showing this knowledge, which the vulgar will 
never fail to admire and imitate. 

The best we can do, ther2fbre, is to make a sort of 
compromise between this ancient language and our own ; 
to form a kind of compound ratio of Hebrew, Greek, 
Latin, and English, and to let each of these prevail as 
usage has permitted them. Thus Emanuel, Samuel, 
Lemuel, which, according to the Latin analogy and our 
own, have the accent on the antepenultimate syllable, 
ought to remain in quiet possession of their present 
pronunciation, notwithstanding the Greek Euuuvufi'X, 
2«/,isr/A, Ac/m/A ; but Elishua, Esdrelon, Gederah, may 
have the accent on the penultimate, because the Greek 
words into which they are translated, EAj<r«f, Eaop^Auyj, 
Yd$npa, havn the penultimate long. If this should not 
appear a satisfactory method of settling the pronuncia- 
tion of these words, I must entreat those who dissent 
from it to point out a better: a work of this kind was 
wanted for general use; it is addressed neither to the 
learned nor the illiterate, but to that large and most re- 
spectable part of society, who have a tincture of letters, 
but whose avocations deny them the opportunity of cul- 
tivating them. To these a work of this kind cannot fail 
of being useful ; and by its utility to these the 
wishes to stand or fall. 

1114 



PRONUNCIATION 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES, 



INITIAL VOCABULARY. 



*** When a word is succeeded by a word printed in 
Italicks, this latter word is merely to spell the former as 
it ought to be pronounced. Thus As'-e-fa is the true 
pronunciation of the preceding word Ac'-i-pha : and so 
of the rest. 

*** The figures annexed to the words refer to the 
Rules prefixed to the Vocabulary.- Thus the figure 3 
after Ab'-di refers to Rule the 3d, for the pronunciation 
of the final i : and the figure 5 after A-bish'-a-i refers to 



Rule the 5th, for the pronunciation of the unaccented ait 
and so of the rest. 

*** For the quantity of the vowels indicated by tha 
syllabication, see No. 18 and 19 of the Rules for Greet 
and Latin Proper Names. 

[The letter (a) annexed to a word refers the reader to 
the Variations of Perry, or Fulton and Knight, found on 
pages 113 J— 1134.] 



AB 

A'-A-LAR 

*A'-a-ron 5 (a) 

Ab 

Ab'-a-cue 

Ab'-a-dah 

A-bad'-don 

Ab-a-di'-as 15 

A-bag'-tha 

A'-bal 

Ab'-a-na 9 (a) 

fAb'-a-rim (a) 

Ab'-a-ron 

Ab'-ba 9 

Ab'-da 

Ab'-di 3 

Ab-di'-as 15 

Ab'-di-el 4 13 

Ab'-don 

A-bcd'-ne-go 

A'-bel 1 

A'-bel Beth-ma'-a-cah 

A'-bel Ma'-ini 

A'-bei Me-ho'-lath 

A'-bel Mis'-ra-im 1G 

(a) 
A'-bel Shit'-tim 
Ab'-e-san 11 
Ab'-e-sar 13 
A'-bez 

Ab'-ga-rus 12 
A'-bi 3 

A-bi'-a, or A-bi'-ah 
A-bi-al'-bon 12 
A-bi'-n-saph 
A-bi'-a-thur 
A'-bib 
A-bi'-dah 9 



AC 

Ab'-i-dan (a) 
A'-bi-el 4 12 
A-bi-e'-zer 12 
A-bi ez'-rite 
Ab'-i-gail 
Ab'-i-gal 
Ab-i-ha'-il (a) 
A-bi'-hu 
A-bi'-hud 
A-bi'-jah 9 
A-bi'-jatn 
Ab-i-le'-ne 
A-bim' a-el 13 
A-bim'-e-Iech G 
A-lnn'-a-dub 
A-bin'-o-am 
A-bi'-ram 
A-bi'-roin 
A-bis'-a-i 5 
Ab-i-se'-i 
Ab'-i-shag (a) 
A-bish'-a-i 5 (a) 
A-bish'-a-har 
A-bish'-a-lom (a) 
A-blsh'-u-a 13 (a) 
Ab'-i-shur 
Ab'-i-sum 
Ab'-i-tal 
Ab'-i-tub 
A-bi'-ud (a) 
Ah'-ner 
JA'-bram, or 
A'-bra-ham 
Ab' -sa-lom 
A-bu'-bus 
Ac'-cad 
Ac'-a-ron 



AD 

Ac'-a-tan 
Ac'-ca-ron 
Ac'-cho 6 
Ac'-cos 
Ac'-coz 

A-cel'-da-ma 10 
A-sel'-da-ma 
A'-chab 6 
A'-chad 

A-cha'-i-a 5 (a) 
A-cha'-i-cus 
A'-chan 6 
A'-char 
A'-chaz G 
Ach'-bor 
A-chi-ach'-a-rus 
A'-chim G 
A-'-him'-e-lcch G 
A'-chi-or 
A-chi'-ram 
A'-chish 
Ach'-i-tob, or 
Ach'-i-tub 
A-chit'-o-phcl 
A-!; it -o-fel 
Ach'-me-tha (a) 
A'-chor 
Acb'-sa 9 
Ach'-shaph 
Acb'-zib 6 
Ac'-i-pha 
As'-e-fa 7 
Ac'-i-tho 
A-cu'-a 13 
A'-cub 11 
A'-<Ia 
A'-dad 



AD 

Ad'-a-da, or 
Ad'-a-dah 9 (a) 

Ad-ad-e'-zer 

Ad-ad-rim'-mon 

A'-dah 

Ad-a-i'-ah 9 15 

Ad-a-li'-a 15 

Ad '-am 

Ad'-a-ma, or 
Ad'-a-mah (a) 

Ad'-a-mi 3 (a) 

Ad'-a-mi Ne'-keb 

A'-dar 1 

Ad'-a-sa 9 

Vd'-a-tha 9 

Ad'-be-el 13 (a) 

Ad'-dan 

Ad'-dar 

Ad'-di 3 

Ad'-din 

Ad'-do 

Ad'-dus 

A'-der 1 
Ad'-i-dn 

A'-di-el 13 
A'-diu 

Ad'-i-na 9 (a) 
Ad'-i-no (a) 
Ad'-i-nus 
Ad'-i-tha 9 
Ad-i-tha'-im 16 
Ad'-la-i 5 
Ad'-mah 
Ad'-ma-tha 
Ad'-na 9 
Ad'-nah 9 
ftAd'-o-nai 5 



AH 

Ad-o-ni'-as 15 
A-don-i-be'-zek 
Ad-o-ni'-jah 15 (a) 
A-don'-i-kam 
A-don-i'-ram 
A-don-i-ze'-dek (o) 
A-do'-ra 9 
Ad-o-ra'-im 16 
A-do'-ram (a) 
A-dram'-e-lech 
A'-dri-a 2 9 19 
A'-dri-el 13 (a) 
A-du'-el 13 
A-<lul'-lam 
A-dum'-mim 
\-e-,li'-as 15 
iE'-gypt 

is. — Virgil. 
jE'-ne-as.— Acts 9. (a) 
AZ'-non 
^E'-nos 
Ag'-a-ba 
Ag'-a-bus 
A'-gag 1 11 
A'-gag-ite 
A'-gar 
Ag-a-renei 
Ag'-e-e 7 
Ag-ge'-us 7 
Ag-noth-ta'-bor 
A'-gur 
A'-hab 
A-har'-ah 9 
A-har'-al 
A-has'-a-i 5 (a) 
A-has-u-e'-rus 
A-ha'-va 



* Aaron. — This is a word of three syllables in Labbe, 
who says it is used to be pronounced will) 1 he accent on 
the penultimate; but the general pronunciation of this 
word in English is in two syllables, with the accent on 
the first, and as if written A'-ron. Milton uniformly 
gives it this syllabication and accent : 

"Till by two brethren (those two brethren call 
" Moses and Aaron) sent from God to claim 
"His people from inthralment." 

Par. Lost, b. xii. v. 170. 

t Abarim. — This and some other words are decided in 
their accentuation by Milton in the following verses: 

" From Aroar to Nebo, and the wild 
"Of southmost Abarim in Hesebon, 
"And Horonaim, Leon's realm, beyond 
"The flow'rydaie of Sibrna, clad with vines, 
" And Eleale to th' Asphaltick pool." 

Par. Lost, b. i. v. 407. 



Yet his temple high 



" Rear'd in Azotus, dreaded through the coast 



"Of Palestine, in Gath and Ascalon, 

" And Accarcn and Gaza's frontier bounds." — lb. 463 
| Abram or Abraham. — The first name, of two sylla- 
bles, was the patriarch's original name, but God increased 
it to the second, of three syllables, as a pledge of an in- 
crease in blessing. The latter name, however, from tha 
feebleness of the h in our pronunciation of it, and from 
the absence of the accent, is liable to such an hiatus, from 
the proximity of two similar vowels, that, in the most 
solemn pronunciation, we seldom hear this name extended 
to three syllables. Milton has but once pronounced it 
in this manner, but has six times made it only two sylla- 
bles : and this may be looked upon as the general pronun- 
ciation. 

§ Adonai. — Labbe, says his editor, makes this a word 
of three syllables only; which, if once admitted, whv, 
says be, should he dissolve tbe Hebrew diphthong fa 
Sadat, Sinai, Tolma'i, ice, and at the same time make 
two syllables of the diphthong in Casleu, which are 
commonly united into one? In this, says he, he is incon- 
sistent with himself. — See Sinai, 
1115 






SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



AL 

A'-haz 

A-haz'-a i 5 

A-ha-zi'-ah 15 

Ah'-ban 

A '-her 

A'-hi 3 

A-hi'-ah 

A-hi'-am 

A-hi-e'-zer 

A-hi'-hud 

A-hi'-jah 

A-hi'-kam 

A-hi'-lud 

A-him'-a-az (a) 

A-hi'-man 

A-him'-e-lech 

A-him'-e-lek 

A-hi'-moth 

A-hin'-a-dab 

A-hin'-o-ara 

A-hi'-o 

A-hi'-ra 9 

A-hi'-ram 

A-hi'-ram-ites 8 

A-his'-a-mach 6 (a) 

A-hish'-a-hur (a) 

A-hi'-sham 

A-hi'-shar 

A-hi'-tob 

A-hit'-o-phel 

A-hi'-tub 

A-hi'-ud 

Ah'-Iah 

Ah'-lai 5 (a) 

A-ho'-e, or A-ho'-ah 

A-ho'-ite 8 

A-ho'-lah 

A-hol'-ba 

A-hol'-bah 

A-ho'-li-ab 

A-hol'-i-bah 9 

A-ho-lib'-a-mah (a) 

A-hu'-ma-i 5 (a) 

A-hu'-zam 

A-huz'-zah 

A'-i 3 

A-i'-ah 15 

A-i'-ath 

A-i'-ja 

A-i'-jah 

Ai'-ja-lon (a) 

Ad'-ja-lon 

Ai.j'-e-leth Sha'-har 

Ad'-je-leth 

A'-in 5 

A-i'-oth 

A-i'-rus (a) 

Ak'-kub 

Ak-rab'-bim 

A-lam'-e-lech 6 

Al'-a-meth 

Al'-a-moth 

Al'-ci-mus 

Al'-e-ma 



AN 

I A-le'-meth 
Al-ex-an'-dri-a (a) 
Al-cx-an'-dri-on 
Al-Ie-lu'-jah 
Jll-le-lu'-yah 5 
A-li'-ah 
A-li'-an 
Al'-lom 

Al'-lon Bac'-huth 
Al-mo'-dad (a) 
Al'-mon, Dib-la-tha - 

im 15 
Al'-na than 
A'-loth 
Al'-pha 
Al-phe'-us 
Al-ta-ne'-us 
Al-tas'-chith 6 
AJ'-te-kon 
Al'-vah, or Al' van 
A '-lush 
A'-mad 
A-mad'-a-tha 
A-mad'-a-thus 
A'-mal 
A-mal'-da 
Am'-a-lek 

Am'-a-lek-ites 8 (a) 
A'-man 
Am'-a-na (a) 
Arn-a-ri'-ah 15 
Am'-a-sa 
A-mas'-a-i 5 (a) 
Am-a-shi'-ah 15 
Am-a-the'-is 
Am'-a-this 
Am-a-zi'-ah 
A'-men' Prin. 249. 
A'-mi 3 
A-min'-a-dab 
A-mit'-tai 5 (a) 
A-miz'-a-bad 
Am'-mah 
Am-mad'-a-tha 
Am'-mi 3 
Am-mid'-i-oi 4 
Am'-mi-el 4 (a) 
Am-mi'-hud 
Am-i-shad'-da-i 5 
Am'-mon 
Am'-mon-ites 
Am'-non 
A'-mok 
A'-mon 
Am'-o-rites 8 
A'-mos 
Am'-pli-as 
Am'-ram 
Ani'-ram-ites 8 
Am'-ran 
Am'-ra-phel (a) 
Am'-zi 3 
A'-nab 
An'-a-el 11 



AR 

A'-nah 

An-a-ha'-rath 

An-a-i'-ah 5 15 

A'-nak 

An'-a-kims 

An -a-mim (a) 

A nam'-e-lech 6 

A' nan 

An-a'-ni 

An-a-ni'-ali 15 

An-a-ni'-as 

A-nan'-i-el 13 

A'-nath 

*A-nath'-e-ma 

An'-a-thoth 

An'-a-thoth-ite 8 

An'-drew 

A'-nem, or A'-nen 

A'-ner 

A'-nes 

A'-neth 

A'-ni-am 

A'-nim 

An'-na 9 

An'-na-as 

An'-nas 

An-nu'-us 13 

An-ti-lib'-a-nus 

An'-ti-och 6 

An-ti'-o-chis 

An-ti'-o-chus 

An'-ti-pas 

An-tip'-a-tris 

An'-ti-pha 

An-to'-ni-a 

An-to-thi'-jah 15 (a) 

An'-toth-ite 8 

A '-nub 

A'-nus 

Ap-a-me -a 

Aph-a-ra'-im 16 

A-phar'-sath-chites 

A-phar'-sites 8 

A'-phek 

A-phe'-kah (a) 

A-pher'-e-ma 

A-pher'-ra 

A-phi'-ah 15 

Aph'-rah (a) 

Aph'-ses 

A-poc'-a-lypse 

A-poc'-ry-pha 

A-pol'-los 

A-pol'-ly-on 

A-pol'-yon 

Ap'-pa-im 15 (a) 

Ap'-phi-a 3 (a) 

Aph'-e-a 

Ap'-phus 

Aph'-us 

Aq'-ui-!a (a) 

Ar 

A'-ra 

A'-rab 



AR 

Ar'-a-bah 

Ar-a-bat'-ti-ne 

A-ra'-bi-a 

A'-rad 

A'-rad-ite 8 

Ar'-a-dus 

A'-rah 1 

A'-ram 

A'-ran 

Ar'-a-rat 

A-rau'-nah (a) 

Ar'-ba, or Ar'-bah 

Ar'-bal 

Ar-bat'-tis 

Ar-be'-la (in Syria). 

Ar-bel'-la 

Ar'-bite 8 

Ar-bo'-nai 5 

Ar-che-la'-us (a) 

Ar-ches'-tra-tus 

Ar'-che-vites 8 

Ar'-chi 3 

Ar-chi-at'-a-roth 

Ar-chip'-pus 

Arch'-ites 8 

Ard 

Ar'-dath 

Ard'-ites 8 

Ar'-don 

A-re'-li 3 

A-re'-lites 

A-re-op'-a-gite 8 

fA-re-op'-a-gus 

A'-res 

Ar-e'-tas (a) 

A-re'-us 

Ar'-gob 

Ar'-gol 

A-rid'-a-i 5 (a) 

A-rid'-a-tha (a) 

A-ri'-eh 9 

A'-ri-el 4 12 

Ar-i-ma-the'-a 

A'-ri-och 4 

A-ris'-a-i 5 (a) 

Ar-is-ro-bu'-lus (a) 

Ark'-ites 

Ar-ma-ged'-don 

Ar-mi-shad'-a-i 

Ar'-mon 

Ar'-nan 

Ar'-ne-pher 

Ar'-non 

A'-rod 

Ar'-o-di 3 (a) 

Ar'-o-er (a) 

A'-rom 

Ar'-pad, or Ar'-phad 

Ar'-sa-ces 

Ar-phax'-ad 

Ar'-te-mas 

Ar'-u-both 

A-ru'-mah 13 

Ar'-vad 



AS 

Ar'-vad-ites 8 

Ar'-za 

A'-sa 

As-a-di'-as 

As'-a-el 13 

As'-a-hel (o) 

As-a-i'-ah 5 

As'-a-na 

A'-saph 

As'-a-phar 

As'-a-ra 

A-f>ar'-e-el 13 (a* 

As-a-re'-lah 

As-baz'-a-reth 

As'-ca-lon 

A-se'-as 

As-e-bi'-a 

A-seb-e-bi'-a 15 

As'-e-nath 

A'-ser 

A-se'-rar 

Ash-a-bi'-ah 15 

A'-shan 

Ash'-be-a 

Ash'-bel 

Ash'-bel-ites 8 

Ash'-dod 

Ash'-doth-ites 8 

Ash'-doth Pis'-gan 

A'-she-an 

Ash'-er 

Ash'-i-math 

Ash'-ke-naz 

Ash'-nah 

A'-shon 

Ash'-pe-naz 

Ash'-ri-el 13 

Ash'-ta-roth 

Ash'-te-moth 

Ash'-ta-roth-ites 8 

A-shu'-ath 

Ash'-ur 

A-9hu'-rim ]3 

Ash'-ur-ites 8 

A'-si-a 

As-ibi'-as 15 

A'-si-el 13 (a) 

As'-i-pha 

As'-ke-lon 

JAs'-ma-dai 5 

A9'-ma-veth 

As-mo-de'-us 

As-mo-ne'-ans 

As'-nah 

As-nap'-per 

A-so'-chis 6 

A'-som 

As'-pa-tha 

As'-phar 

As-phar'-a-sus 

As'-ri-el 13 

As-sa-bi'-as 15 

As-sal'-i-moth 

As-sa-ni'-as 15 



* Anathema. — Those who are not acquainted witb the 
profound researches of verbal criticks, would be astonish- 
ed to observe what waste of learning has been bestowed 
on this word by Labbe, in order to sliow that it ouglit to 
be accented on the antepenultimate syllable. This pro- 
nunciation has been adopted by English scholars; though 
some divines have been heard from the pulpit to give it 
the penultimate accent, which so readily unites it in a 
trochaick pronunciation with Maranatha, in the first 
Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians: " If any man love 
not the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be Anathema mara- 
natha." 

\ Areopagus.— -There is a strong propensity, in English 
readers of the New Testament, to pronounce this word 
with the accent on the penultimate syllable ; and even 
some foreign scholars have contended that it ought to be 
so pronounced, from its derivation from "Apriog vayav, 
the Dorick dialect for 7r/?y>)v, the fountain of Mars, which 
was on a hill in Athens, rather than from "Apciog Kayos , 
the hill of Mars. But Labbe very justly despises this 
derivation, and says, that, of all the ancient writers, none 
have said that the Areopagus was derived from a foun- 
tain, or from a country near to a fountain ; but all have 
confessed that it came from a hill, or the summit of a 
rock, on which this famous court of judicature was built. 
Vossius tells us, that St. Augustine, De Civ. Dei, 1. x. 
cap. 10, calls this word pagum Martis, the village of 



Mars, and that he fell into this errour because the Latin 
word pagus signifies a village or street; but, says he, 
the Greek word signifies a hill, which, perhaps, was so 
called from iraya or Trrjyri, (that is, fountain,) because 
fountains usually take their rise on hills. Wrong, how 
ever, as this derivation may be, he tells us it is adopted 
by no less scholars than Beza, Budaeus, and Sigonius. 
And this may show us the uncertainty of etymology in 
language, and the security of general usage ; but, in the 
present case, both etymology and usage conspire to place 
the accent on the antepenultimate syllable. Agreeably 
to this usage, we find the prologue to a play observe, 
that— 

" The criticks are assembled in the pit, 
"And form an Areopagus of wit." 

X Asmadai. — Mr. Oliver has not inserted this word T 
but we have it in Milton : 



-On each win? 



" Uriel and Raphael his vaunting foe, 

" Though huge, and in a rock of diamond arm'd, 

" Vanquish'd, Adramelech and AsmadaiJ' 

Par. Lost, b.vlv. 365. 

Whence we may guess the poet's pronunciation of it ire 
three syllables; the diphthong sounding like the ai in 
daily. — See Rule 5, and the word3 Sinai and Adonai. 

1116 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



AT 

As-si-de'-ans 13 

As'-sir 

As'-sos 

As'-ta-roth 

Ash'-ta-roth 

As-tar'-te 

As'-tath 

A-9up'-pim 

A-syn'-cri-tus 

A '-tad 

At'-a-rah 

A-tar'-ga-tis 

At'-a-roth 

A'-ter 

At-e-re-zi'-aa 15 

A'-thack 



AV 

Ath-a-i'-ah 15 
Ath-a-li'-ah 15 
Ath-a-ri'-as 15 
Ath-e-no'-bi-us 
Ath'-ens (a) 
Ath'-la-i 5 (a) 
At'-roth 
At'-tai 5 (a) 
At-ta-li'-a 15 
At'-ta-lus 
At-thar'-a-tes 
Au'-gi-a 4 
Au-ra-ni'-tis 
Au-ra'-nus 
Au-te'-us 
A'-va 



AZ 

Av'-a-ran 
A'-ven 
A'-vim 
A'-vims 
A'-vites 8 
A'-vith 
Az-a-e'-lus 
A'-zah 
A'-zal 

Az-a-li'-ah 15 
Az-a-ni'-ah 15 
A-za'-phi-on 
Az'-a-ra 
A-za'-re-el (a) 
Az-a-ri'-ah 15 
Az-a-ri'-as 15 



AZ 

A'-zaz 

*A-za'-zel 

Az-a-zi'-ah 15 

Az-baz'-a-reth 

Az'-buk 

A-ze'-kah 9 

A'-zel 

A'-zem 

Az-e-phu'-rith 

A'-zer 

A-ze'-tas 

Az'-gad 

A-zi'-a 15 

A-zi'-e-i 

A'-zi-el 13 (a) 



AZ 

A-zi'-za 

Az'-ma-veth (a) 

Az'-mon 

Az'-noth Ta'-bor 

A'-zor 

A-zo'-tus 

Az'-ri-el 13 

Az'-ri-kam 

A-zu'-bah 

A'-zur 

Az'-u-ran 

Az'-y-mites 

Az'-zah 

Az'-zan 

Az'-zur 



BA 

BA'-AL, or Bel 

Ba'-al-ah (a) 

Ba-al-ath (a) 

Ba-al-ath Be'-er 

Ba'-al Be-rith 

Ba'-al-le (a) 

Ba'-al Gad' 

Ba'-al Ham'-on (o) 

Ba'-al Han'-an (a) 

Ba'-al Ha'-zor 

Ba'-al Her'-non 

Ba'-al-i 3 

Ba'-al-im. — Jlfilton.(a) 

Ba'-al-is 

Ba'-al Me'-on 

Ba'-al Pe'-or 

Ba'-al Per'-a-zim (a) 

Ba'-al Shal'-i-sha (a) 

Ba'-al To '-mar 

Ba'-al Zc'-bub 

Ba'-al Ze'-phon 

Ba a-na 

Ba -a-nah (a) 

Ba'-a-nan (a) 

Ba'-a-nath 

Ba-a-ni'-as 15 

Ba'-a-ra (a) 

Ba'-a-sha 9 (a) 

Ba'-a-shah 

Ba-a-si'-ah 15 

Ba'-bel 

Ba'-bi 3 

Bab'-y-lon 

Ba'-ca 

Bach'-rites 8 

Bac-chu'-rus 

Bach'-uth-AI'-lon 

Ba-go'-aa 

Bag'-o-i 3 5 

Ba-ha'-rum-ite 8 

Ba-hu'-rim 

Ba'-jith 

Bak-bak'-er (a) 

Bak'-buk 

Bak-buk-i'-ah 15 

Ba'-la-am 16 

\Bai-lam 

Bal'-a-dan 

Ba'-loh 9 

Ba'-lak 

Bal'-a-mo 

Bal'-a-nus 

Bal-tha'-sar 11 

Ba'-inah 

Ba'-moth 

Ba'-moth Ba'-al 

Ban 

Ba'-ni 3 

Ba'-nid 

Ban-a-i'-as 15 

Ban'-nus 



BE 

Ban'-u-as 

Ba-rab'-bas 

Bar'-a-chel 6 (a) 

Bar-a-chi'-ah 15 

Bar-a-chi'-aa 

Ba'-rak 

Bar-ce'-nor 

Bar'-go 

Bar-hu'-mites 8 (a) 

Ba-ri'-ah 15 

Bar-je'-sua 

Bar-jo'-ria 

Bar'-kos 

Bar'-na-bas 

Ba-ro'-dis 

Bar'-sa-bas 

Bar'-ta-cua 

Bar-thol'-o-mew 

Bar-ti-me'-us 

Ba'-ruch 6 

Bar-zil'-la-i 5 

Bas'-ca-ma 

Ba'-shan,or 

Bos'-aan 
Ba'-shan Ha'-voth 

Fa'-ir 
Bash'-e-math (a) 
Bas'-lith 
Bas'-math 
Bas'-sa 
Bas'-ta-i 5 
Bat'-a-ne 
Bath 

Bath'-a-loth 
Batb-rab'-bim 
Bath'-9he-ba 
Both'-shu-a 13 (a) 
Bav'-a-i 5 (a) 
Be-a-li'-ali 15 
Be'-a-loth (a) 
Bc'-an 

Beb'-a-i 5 (a) 
Be'-cher 
Bc'-ker 6 
Bech-o'-rath (a) 
Becb'-ti-leth 
Be' dad 
Bed-a-i'-ah 15 
Be-el-i'-a-da 
Be-el'-sa-rus 
Be-el-toth'-mus 
Be-el'-ze-bub (a) 
Be'-er 

Be-e'-ra (a) 
Be-c'-rah, or Be'-rah 
Be-er-e'-lim 
Be-e'-ri 3 (a) 
Be-er-la-ha'-i-roi 
Bc-e'-roth (a) 
Be-e'-roth-itea 8 



BE 

Be-er'-she-ba (a) 
Be-esh'-te-rah 
Be'-he-moth 
Be'-kah 9 
Be'-la 
Be'-lah 
Be'-la-ites 8 
Bel'-e-mus 
Bel'-ga-i 5 
Be'-li-al 13 
Bel-ma-im 16 
Bel'-men 
Bel-shaz'-zar 
Bsl-te-shaz'-zar 
Ben 

Ben-ai'-ah 5 (a) 
Ben-ani'-mi 3 
Ben-tb'-e-rak 
Ben-e-ja'-a-kam (a) 
Ucii'-ha-dad (a) 
ien-ha'-il 
Ben-ha'-nan (a) 
Ben'-ja-min 
Ben'-ja-mite 8 
Ben jn-mites 
Ben'-i-nu 
Ben-u'-i 3 14 
Be'-no 
Be-no'-ni 3 
Ben-zo'-heth 
Be'-on 
Be'-or 
Be'-ra 

Ber'-a-chah 6 9 (a) 
Ber-a-chi'-ah 15 
Ber-n-i'-ah 15 
Be-re'-a 
Be'-red 
Be'-ri 3 
Be-ri'-ah 15 
Be'-rites 8 
Be'-rith 
Ber-ni'-ce (a) 
Be-ro'-dach Bal'-a- 
dan (a) 
Be'-roth 

Ber'-o-ihai 5 (a) 
Be-ro'-thath 
Ber'-yl 
Ber-ze'-lus 
Be^sai 5 

Bes-o-dei'-ah 9 15 (a) 
Be'-sor 
Be'-tah 
Be'-ten 
Beth-ab'-a-ra 
Beth-ab'-a-rah 9 
Beth'-a-nath (a) 
Beth'-a-noth (a) 
Beth'-a-ny 



BE 

BeW-a-ne 

Beth-ar'-a-bah 9 

Beth'-a-ram (a) 

Beth-ar'-bel 

Beth-a'-ven 

Beth-az'-ma-veth (a) 

Beth-ba-al-me'-on 

Beth-ba'-ra 

Beth-ba'-rah 9 

Beth'-ba-si 3 

Beth-bir-e-i 3 

Beth'-car 

Beth-da'-gon (a) 

Beth-dib-la-tha'-im 

Beth'-el 

Betli'-el-ite 

Beth-e'-mek 

Be'-ther 

Beth-es'-da 

Beth-e'-ztl 

Beth-ga'-der 

Beth-ga'-mul 

Betli-hac'-ce-rim 7 (a) 

Beth-hak'-ser-im 

Both-ha'-ran 

Betb-hog'-lah 9 

Beth-lio'-ron 

Beth-JH -i-moth 

B.-th-lfl)'-a-oth 

Beth'-le-hem 

Beth'-le-hem Eph'-ra- 

tah 
Beth'-le-hem Ju'-dah 
Beth'-le-hem-ito 8 
Beth-lo'-mon 
Beth ma'-a-cah 9 (a) 
Beth-inar'-ca-both 
Beth-me'-on 
Beth-nim'-rah 9 
Beth-o'-ron 
Beth-pa'-let 
Beth-paz'-zer 
Beth-pe'-or 
fBeth'-pha-go 12 (a) 
BeW-fa-je 10 
Betb'-phe-lct 
Beth'-ra-bah 9 
Beth'-ra-pba 9 (a) 
Beth'-re-hob (a) . 
Beth-sa'-i-da 9 (a) 
Belh'-sa-mos 
Beth'-shan 
Beth-she'-an 
Beth'-she-mesh fa) 
Beth-shit'-tah 9 
Beth'-si-mos 
Beth-tap'-pu-a 
Beth-su'-ra 14 
Be-thu'-el 14 
Be'-thul 



BU 

Beth-u-li'-a 5 

Beth'-zor 

Beth'-zur 

Be-to'-li-u3 

Bet-o-me3'-tham 

Bet'-o-nim (a) 

Be-u'-lah (a) 

Be'-zai 5 

Be-zal'-e-el (a) 

Be'-zek 

Be'-zer, or Boz'-ra 

Be'-zeth 

Bi'-a-tas 

Bich'-ri 3 6 

Bid'-kar 

Big'-tha 

Big-than 

Big'-tha-na 

Big'-va-i 5 (a) 

Bil'-dad 

Bil'-e-am (a) 

Bil'-gah 9 

Bil'-ga-i 5 (a) 

Bil -h;i. n Bil'-hah 

Bii'-han 

Bil'-shan 

Bim'-hal 

Bin'-«-a 9 (a) 

Bin'-nu-i 3 14 (a) 

Bir'-«ha 

Bir'-zu-vith 

Bish'-iam 

Bi-tl.i'-ah 15 

Bith'-r«n 

Biz-i-jo-thi'-ah 15 . 

Biz-i-jo-thi'-jah 

Biz'-tha 

Blas'-tus 

Bo-a-ner'-ges 

Bo'-az, or Bo'-oz 

Boc'-cas 

Boch'-c-ru 6 (a) 

Bo'-chim 6 

Bo'-han 

Bos-cath 

Bo'-sor 

Boa'-o-ra 

Bos'-rah 9 

Bos'-ra-li 9 

Bo'-zez 

Boz'-rah 

Brig'-an-dine 

Buk'-ki 3 

Bu!v-ki'-ah 15 

3ul, rhymes dull 

Bu'-nah 

Bun'-ni 3 

Buz 

Bu'-zi 3 

Buz'-ite 8 






* Aiaiel. — This word is not in Mr. Oliver's Lexicon ; 
but Milton makes use of it, and places the accent on the 
second syllable : 



" that proud honour claim'd 

u Jliazel as his right ; a cherub tall." 

Par. Lost, b. i. v. 534. 



J See Canaan, Aaron, and Israel. 

X Betkphage. — This word is generally pronounced by 
tke illiterate in two syllables, and without the second h 
a* if written Beth'-page. 

1117 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



CA 


CH 


CH 


CL 


CY 


CAB 


Cap-pa-do'-ci-a 


Chal-de'-a 


Ghe'-sil 


Cle'-o-pas 


Cab'-bon 


Cap-pa-do'-shc-a 


Cha'-nes 


Che'-sud 


Cle'-o-phas (a) 


Cah'-ham 


Car-a-ba'-si-on 


Chan-nu-ne'-us 


Che-sul'-loth 


Clo'-e 


Ca'-bul.— See Bol. 


Car-a-ba'-ze-on 


Char-a-ath'-a-lar 


Chet'-tim 


Cni'-dus 


Cad'-dis 


Car'-cha-mis 6 


Char'-a-ca 


Che'-zib 


JW-dus 


Ca'-des 


Car'-che-mish 6 (a) 


Char' a-sim (a) 


Chi'-don 


Col-ho'-zeh 9 


Ca'-desli 


Ca-re'-ah 9 


Char'-cus 


Chil'-le-ab 


Col'-li-us 


Cai'-a-phas 5 


Ca'-ri-a 


Cha'-re-a 


Chi-li'-on (a) 


Co-los'-se 


Cain 


Car'-kas 


Char'-mis 


Chil'-mad 


Co-los'-ai-ans 


Ca-i'-nan (a) 


Car-ma'-ni-ans 


Char'-ran 


Chim'-ham 


Co-losh'-e-ans 


Cai '-rites 8 


Car'-me 


Chas'-e-ba 13 


Cliis'-leu, Cas'-leu, 


Co-ni'-ah 15 


Ca'-lah 


Car'-mel 


Che'-bar 6 


or Cis'-leu (a) 


Con-o-ni'-ah 


Cal'-a-mus 


Car'-mel-ite 8 


Ched-er-la'-o-mer (a) 


Chis'-lon 


Co'-os 


Cal'-col 


Car' mel-i-tess 


Che'-lal 


Chis'-loth Ta'-bor 


Cor 


Cal-dees' 


Car'-mi 3 


Chel'-ci-as 


Chit'-tira 


Cor'-be 


Ca'-leb 


Car'-mites 8 


KeV-she-as 


Chi'-un 


Cor'-ban 


Ca'-leb Eph'-ra-tah 


Car'-na-im 15 


Chel'-lub 


Chlo'-e 


Co'-re 


<«) 


Car'-ni-on 


Che'-lod 


Cho'-ba 


Cor'-inth 


Cal'-i-tas 


Car'-pua 


Che'-lub 


Cho-ra'-sin, or 


Co-rin'-thi-ans 


Cal-a-mol'-a-lus 


Car-she'-na (a) 


Chel'-Ii-ans 


Cho-ra'-slian, or 


Co'-sam 


Cal'-neth 


Ca-siph'-i-a 


Chel'-lus 


Cho-ra'-zin 


Cou'-tha 


Cal'-no 


Cas'-leu 


Che-lu'-bai 5 


Chos-a-me'-us 


Coz 


Cal'-phi 3 


Cas-lu-him (a) 


Che-lu'-bar 


Cho-ze'-ba 


Coz'-bi 3 


Cal'-va-ry 


Cas'-phor 


Chem'-a-rims 


CHRI9T 


Cres'-cens 


Cal'-va-re 


Cas'-pis, or 


Che'-mosh 


Chub 6 


Crete 


Ca'-mon 


Cas'-phin 


Che~na'-a-nah 9 


Kub 


Cre'-tans 


Ca'-na 


Ca-thu'-ath 13 


Chen'-a-ni 3 


Chun 


Cretes 


*Ca'-na-an (a) 


Ce'-dron 7 


Chen-a-ni'-ah 15 


Chu'-sa, or Chu'-za 


Cre'-ti-ans 


Ca'-na-an-ites 8 


Cei'-lan 


Che'-phar Ha-am - 


Chush'-an Rish-a- 


Cre'-she-ans 


Can'-nan-ites 


Ce-le-mi'-a 9 


mo-nai 5 


tha'-ira 15 


Cu'-bit 


Can'-neh 9 


Cen'-chre-a 6 


Gheph-i'-rah 6 9 


Chu'-si 


Cush 


Can ] -nee 


Cen-de-be'-ns 


Che'-ran 


Cin'-ner-«th, or 


Cu'-shan 


Can'-veh 9 


Cen-tu'-ri-on 


Che'-re-as 


Cin'-ner-oth 


Cu'-shan Bish-a 


Can'-vee 


Ce'-phas 


Cher'-eth-iins 


Cir'-a-ma 


tha'-im 15 


fCa-per'-na-um 16 


Ce'-ras 


Cher'-eth-ites 8 


Ci'-sai 5 


Cu-sni 3 


Caph-ar-sal'-a-ma 


Ce'-teb 


Che'-rith, or 


Cis'-leu 


Cuth, or Cuth'-ah 


Ca-phen'-a-tha 9 


Cha'-bris 6 


Che'-rish 


Cith'-e-rus 


Cu'-the-ans 


Ca-phi'-ra 9 


Cha'-di-as 


Cher'-ub 6 


Cit'-tims 


Cy'-a-mon 


Caph'-tor 


Chffi'-re-as 


Cher'-u-birn 


Clau'-da 


Cy-re'-ne 


Caph'-to-rim 


Chal'-ce-do-ny 


Ches'-a-lon (a) 


Cle-a'-sa 


Cy-re'-ni-us 


Caph'-to-rims 


Chal'-col 


Che'-sed 


Clem'-ent 




DA 


DE 


DI 


DI 


DU 


DAB'-A-REH 9 


Dan^ja'-an 


Ded'-a-nims 


Diz'-a-hab 


Do-cus 


Dab'-ba-sheth 


Dan'-nah 


De-ha'-vites 8 


Di'-drachm 


Dod'-a-i 5 


Dab'-e-rath 


Dan'-o-brath 


De'-kar 


Di'-dram 


L>od'-a-nim (a) 
Dod'-a-vah 9 (o^ 


Da'-bri-a 


Da'-ra 


Del-a-i'-ah 5 


Did'-y-mus 6 


Da-co'-bi 3 


Dar'-da 


DeJ'-i-lah (a) 


Dik'-lah, or Dil'-dah 


Do'-do 


Dad-de'-us 


Da'-ri-an 


De'-mas 


Dil'-e-an (a) 


Do'-eg 
Doph'-kah ^ 


Da'-gon 


Dar'-kon 


Der'-be 


Dim'-nah 


Dai'-san 5 


Da'-than 


Des'-sau 


Di'-mon 


Dor 


Dal-a-i'-ah 5 


Dath'-e-mah, or 


De-u'-el 17 (a) 


Di-mo'-nah 9 


Do'-ra 


Dal'-i-lah 


Dath'-mah 


Deu-ter-on'-o-my 


Di'-nah 9 


Dor'-cas 


Dal-ma- nu'-tha 


Da'-vid 


Dib'-la-ira 16 (a) 


Di'-na-ites 8 


Do-rym'-e-nes 
Do-sith'-e-us 


Dal'-phon 


De'-bir 


Dib'-lath 


Din'-ha-bah 9 (a) 


Dam'-a-ris 


JDeb'-o-rah 
De-cap'-o-lis 


Di'-bon 


Di-ot'-re-phes (a) 


Do'-tha-im, or 


Dam-a-scencs' 


Di'-bon Gad 


Di'-shan 


Do'-than 16 


Dan 


De'-dan 


Dib'-ri 3 


Di'-shon 


Du'-mah 9 


Dan'-ites 8 (a) 


Dod'-a-nim (a) 


Dib'-za-hab, or 


Diz'-a-hab 


Du'-ra 


Dan'-i-el 13 










EC 


EG 


EL 


EL 


E' 


E'-A-NAS 


Ed 


Eg'-lon 


E'-lam-ites 8 


E-le-a -zer 


E'-bal 


E'-dar 


E'-gypt 


El'-a-sah 9 


E-le-a-zu'-rus 


E'-bed 


E'-den 


E'-hi 3 


E'-lath 


El-el-o'-he Is'-ra-el 


E-bed'-me-lP'ih 


E'-der 


E'-hud 


El-beth'-el 


E-leu'-the-rus 


Eb-en-e'-T<* 


E'-des 


E'-ker 


El'-ci-a 


El-eu-za'-i 3 5 


E'-ber 


E'-di-as 


Ek'-re-bel 


El'-she-a 


El-ha'-nan 


E-bi'-a-saph 


Ed'-na 


Ek'-ron 


El'-da-ah (a) 


E'-li 3 


E-bro'-nah 


E'-dora 


Ek'-ron-ites 8 


El'-dad 


E-li'-ab 


E-ca'-nus 


E'-dom-ites 8 (a) 


E'-la 


E'-le-ad (a) 


E-li'-a-da (a) 


Ec-bat'-a-na 


Ed'-re-i 3 


El'-a-dah (a) 


E-le-a'-leh 9 fa) 


E-li'-a-dah 


Ec-cle-si-as'-tes 


Eg'-lah 


E'-lah 


E-le-a<-U.— Milton. 


E-li'-a-dun 


Ec-cle-si-as'-ti-cus 


Eg'-la-im 16 


E'-lam 


E-le'-a-sah 9 (a) J 


E-li'-ah 9 



* Canaan. — This word is not unfrequently pronounced 
in three syllables, with the accent on the second. But 
Milton, who in his Paradise Lost has introduced this word 
six times, has constantly made it two syllables, with the 
accent on the first. This is perfectly agreeable to the 
syllabication and accentuation of Isaac and Balaam, 
which are always heard in two syllables. This sup- 
pression of a syllable in the latter part of these words 
arises from the absence of accent: an accent on the 
second syllable would prevent the hiatus arising from 
the two vowels, as it does in Baal and Baalim, which 
are always heard in two and three syllables respective- 
ly.— Seo Aponai. 



f Capernaum. — This word is often, but improperly, 
pronounced with the accent on the penultimate. 

X Deborah. — The learned editor of Labbe tells us, that 
this word has the penultimate long, both in Greek 
and Hebrew ; and yet he observes that our clergy, when 
reading the Holy Scriptures to the people in English, 
always pronounce it with the accent on the first syllable ; 
"and why Rot," says he, "when they place the accent 
on the first syllable of orator, uuditor, and successor ?" 
" But," continues he, " I suppose they accent them other 
wise when they speak Latin." Who doubts it J 

1118 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



EL 

E-li'-ab-ba 9 (a) 
E-li'-a-kim 
E-li'-a-li 3 
E-li'-am 
E-li'-as 15 
E-li'-a-saph 
E-li'-a-shib 
E-li-a-sis 
E-Ii'-a-tha, or 
E-li'-a-thah 
E-li-a'-zar 
E-li'-dad 
E'-li-el 13 
E-li-e'-na-i 5 
E-li-e'-zer 
E-li'-ha-ba 
El-i-hoB -na-i 5 
El-i-ho'-reph 
E-li'-hu 
E-li'-as 15 
E-li'-jah 9 
El'-i-ka (a) 
E'-lim 

E-lim'-e-lech 6 
E-li-<B'-na-i 5 (a) 
E-li-o'-nas 
El'-i-phal 
E-liph'-a-leh 9 
E-li'-phaz (a) 
E-liph'-e-let 
E-lis'-a-beth 
El-i-sa?'-us 
El-i-se'-us 
E-li'-sha 9 
E-li'-shah 
E-lish'-a-ma (a) 
E-lish'-a-mah 
E-lish'-a-pbat (a) 
E lish'-e-ba 



EN 

El-i-shu'-a 13 (a) 

E-Iis'-i-mus 

E-li'-hu 

E-li'-ud 

E-liz'-a-phan (a) 

E-li'-zur 

El' ka-nah (a) 

El'-ko-shite 8 

El'-Ja-sar 

El'-mo-dam (a) 

El-na-am (a) 

El'-na-than (a) 

E'-lon 

E'-lon-ites 8 

E'-lon Beth'-ha-nan 

(«) 
E'-loth 
El-pa-al (a) 
El'-pa-let 
El-pa'-ran 
El'-te-keh 9 (a) 
El'-te-keth 
El'-te-kon (a) 
El'-to-lad (a) 
E'-lul 

E-lu'-za-i 5 
El-y-ma'-is 
El'-y-mas (a) 
El'-za-bad 
El'-za-phan 
Em-al-cu'-el 17 
E-man'-u-el 17 
E'-mirns 
*Em'-ma-us 
Em'-mer 
E'-mor 
E'-nam 
E'-nan 



ER 

En'-dor 

E'-ne-as (a) 

En-eg-la'-im 16 

En-e-mes'-sar 

E-ne'-ni as 

En-gan'-nim 

En' ge-di 7 (a) 

En-had'-dah 9 

En-hak'-ko-ro (a) 

En-ha'-zor 

En-mis h'-pat 

E'-noch 6 

Ei-nock 

E'-non 

E'-nos 

E'-nosh 

En-rim'-mon 

En-ro'-gel 13 

Eu'-she-mesh (a) 

En-tap'-pu-ah 9 

Ep'-a-phras 

E-paph-ro-di'-tus 

E-pen'-e-tus 

E'-phah 

E'-phai 5 

E'-pher 

E'-phes-dam'-mirn 

Eph'-lal 

E'-phod 

E'-phor 

Eph'-pha-tha 

E'-phra-im 16 

E'-phra-im-ites 8 

Eph'-ra-tah (a) 

Eph'-rath (a) 

Eph'-rath-ites 8 

E-pbron 

Er 



ET 

E'-ran 

E'-ran-ites 8 

E-ras'-tus 

E'-rech 6 

E'-ri 3 

E'-sa 

E-sa'-i-as 5 

E'-sa r-had -don 

E'-sau 

Es'-dra8 

Es-dreMon 13 

Es'-e-bon 

E-se'-bri-as 

E'-sek 

Esh'-ba-al (a) 

Esh'-ban 

Esh'-col 

E'-she-an (a) 

E'-shek 

Esh'-ka-lon 

Esb'-ta-ol 

Esh'-tau-lites 8 

Esh-tem'-o-a (a) 

Esh'-te-moth 

Esh'-ton 

Es'-li 3 

Es-ma-chi'-ah 15 

E-so'-ra 

Es'-ril 

Es'-rom 

Es-senes' 8 

Est'-ha-ol 

Es'-ther 

E*'-ter 

E'-tam 

E'-tham 

E'-than 

Eth'-a-nim (o) 



GA 

GA'-AL 

Ga'-ash 

Ga'-ba 

Gab'-a-el 13 

Gab'-a-tha 

Gab'-bai 5 

Gab'-ba-tha 

Ga'-bri-as 

Ga'-bri-el 13 

Gad 

Gad'-a-ra 

Gad-a-renes' 8 

Gad'-des 

Gad'-di-el 13 (a) 

Ga'-di 3 

Gad'-ites 8 

Ga'-ham 

Ga'-har 

Ga'-i-us 

Ga'-ijus 

Gal'-a-ad 

Ga'-lal 

Gal'-e-ed (a) 

Gal'-ga-la 

Gal'-i-lee 

Gal'-lim 

Gal'-li-o 

Gam'-a-cl 13 

Ga-ma'-li-el 13 

Gam'-ma-dims (a) 

Ga'-mul 

Gar 

Ga'-reb 

Gar'-i-zim 



GE 

Gar'-mitos 8 

Gash'-niu 

Ga'-tam 

Gath 

Gath He'-phcr (a) 

Gath Rim-mon 

Gau'-lan 

Gau'-lon 

Ga'-za 

Gaz'-a-bar 

Ga-za'-ra 

Ga'-zath-ites 8 

Ga'-zer 

Ga-ze'-ra 13 

Ga'-zez 

Gaz'-ites 8 

Gaz'-zam 

Ge'-ba 7 

Ge'-bal 

Ge'-bar 

Ge'-ber 

Ge'-bim 

Ged-a-li -ah 15 

Ged'-dur 

Ge'-der 

Ge-de'-rah 14 (a) 

Ged'-e-rite 8 

Ge-de'-roth 13 (a) 

Ged-e-roth-a'-im 16 

Ge-dir 

Ge'-dor 

Ge-ha'-zi 7 13 

Gel'-i-lo(h (a) 

Ge-mal'-li 3 



GE 

Gem-a-ri'-ah 15 

Ge-ne'-zar 13 

Ge-nes'-a-reth 7 

Gen'-e-nis 

Jcn'-f-sis 

Gen-ne'-us 

Gen-u'-bath (a) 

Gen'-tiles 8 

Jen'-liles 

Ge'-on 

Ge'-ra 

Ge'-rah 9 

Ge'-rar 

Ger'-a-sa 9 

Ger'-ga-shi 3 

Ger'-ga-shites 8 

Ger-ge-senes' 8 

Ger'-i-zim 7 

Ger-rin'-i-ans 

Ger-raj'-ans 

Ger'-shom 

Ger'-slion 

Ger'-slion-ites 8 

Ger'-sliur 

Ge'-sem 

Ge'-shan 

Ge'-shem 

Ge'-shur 

Gesh'-u-ri 3 

Gesh'-u-rites 8 

Ge-thur 

Geth-o-li'-as 15 

Getb-sem'-a-ne 

Ge-u'-el 17 (a) 



Gl 

Ge'-zer 
Ge'-zer-ites 8 
Gi'-ah 
Gib'-bar 
Gib'-be-thon 
Gib'-e-a 9 
Gib'-e-ah 9 
Gib'-e-ath 
Gib'-«-on 
Gib'-e-on-ites 8 
Gib-lites 8 
.Gid-dal'-ti 3 
IGid'-del 
Gid'-e-on 7 
|Gid-e-o'-ni 3 
JGi'-dom 
Gi'-er Ea'-gle 
Jy'-er Eagle 
Gi'-hon 

Gil'-a-lai 5 (a) 
Gil'-bo-a (a) 
Gil'-e-ad 
Gil'-e-ad-ite 8 
Gil'-gal 7 
Gi'-loh 9 
Gi'-lon-ite 8 (a) 
Gim'-zo 
Gi-nath 
Gin'-ne-tho (a) 
Gih'-ne-thon (a) 
Gir'-ga-shi 3 
Gir'-ga-shites 8 
Gis'-pa 9 



EZ 

Eth'-ba-al (a) 
E'-ther 
Eth'-ma 
Eth'-nan 
Eth'-ni 3 
Eu-as'-i-bust 
Eu-bu'-lus (a) 
Eve 
E'-vi 3 

E'-vil Mer-o'-dach (a 1 
Eu'-na-than 
Eu-ni'-ce 
Eu-o'-di-as 
Eu-pol'-e-mus 
Eu-roc'-ly-don 
Eu'-ty-chus 
Ex-o-dus 
E'-zar 

Ez'-ba-i 3 5 
Ez'-bon 
Ez-e-chi'-as 
Ez-e-ki'-as 
E-ze»-ki-el 13 
E'-zel 
E'-zem 
E'-zer 

Ez-e-ri'-as 15 
E-zi'-as 15 
E'-zi-on Ge'-bar, or 
E'-zi-on-ge'-ber (a 
Ez'-nito 8 
Ez'-ra 

Ez'-ra-hite 8 
Ez'-ri 3 
Ez'-ri-el 13 
Ez-ril 

Ez'-ron, or Hez'-ron 
Ez'-ron-ites 8 



GU 

Git'-tah He<-pher 

Git'-ta-ira 15 (a> 

Git'-tite 

Git'-tite* 8 

Git'-tith 

Gi -zo-nite 8 

Glede 

Gni'-dus 

JW-dus 

Go'-ath 

Gob 

Gog 

Go'- Ian 

Gol'-go-tha 

Go-litah 9 

Go-li'-ath 

Go'-mer 

Go-mor'-rali 

Go'-pher-wood 

Gor'-gi-as 

Gor'-je-as 

Gor'-ty-na 

Go'-shen 

Go-thon'-i-el 13 

Go'-zan 

Gra'-ba 

Gre'-ci-a 9 

Gre'-she-n 

Gud'-go-dah 

Gu'-ni 3 

Gu'-nites 8 

Gur 

Gur-ba'-al 



' 



HA 

nA-A-HASH'-TA-RI 

Ha-baH-ah 5 (a) 
fiab'-ak-kuk 
Hab-a-zi-ni'-ah 15 
Ha-ber'-ge-on 
Ha'-bor 

Hach-a-li'-ah 15 
«ach'-i-lah (a) 



HA 

Hach'-mo-ni 3 
Hach'-mo-nitc 8 
Ha'-da 
Ha'-dad 
Had-ad-e'-zer 
Ha'-dad Rim'-mon 
Ha'-dar 
Had'-a-shah (a) 



HA 

Ha-das'-sa 9 
Ha-das'-sah 
Ha-dat'-tah 9 
Ha'-did 

Had'-la-i 5 (a) 
Ha-do'-ram 
Ha'-drach 6 
Ha'-gab 



HA 

Hag'-a-bah 9 (a) 
Hag'-a-i 5 
Ha'-gar 
Ha-gar-enes' 8 
Ha'-gai-ites 8 
Hag'-ga-i 5 
Hag'-ge-ri 3 
Has'-gi 3 



HA 

Hag-gi'-ah 15 
Hag'-giies 8 
Hag'-gith 
Ha'-i 5 
Hak'-ka-tan 
Hak'-koz 
Ha-ku'-pba 1 
Ha'-lah 9 



* Emmaus. — This word is often very improperly pronounced in two syllables, as if divided into Em'-maus 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



HA 

Ha'-Iac 

Hal'-lul 

Ha'-li 3 

Hal-le-lu'-jah 

Hal-le-lu'-yah 

Hal-lo'-esh 

Ham 

Ha'-man 

Ha'-math, or 

He'-math 
Ha'-math-ite 8 
Ha'-math Zo'-bah 
Ham'-math 
Ham-med'-a-tha 
Ham'-e-lech 6 
Ham'-i-tal 

Ham-mol'-e-keth (a) 
Ham'-mon 
Ham'-o-nah 
Ha'-mon Gog 
Ha'-mor 
Ha'-moth 
Ka'-moth Dor 
Ha-mu'-el 17 (a) 
Ha'-inul 
Ha'-mul-ites 8 
Ha-mu'-tal (a) 
Ha-nam'-o-el 13 (a) 
Ha'-nao 

Ha-nan-e-el 13 (a) 
Han'-a-ni 3 (a) 
Han-a-ni'-ah 15 
Ha'-nes 
Han'-i-el 13 
Han'-nah 9 
Han'-na-thon 
Han'-ni-el 13 
Ha'-noch 
Ha'-noch-ites 8 
Ha'-nun 

Haph-a-ra'-im 15 
Ha'-ra 

Har'-a-dah 9 (a) 
Har-a-i'-ah 15 
Ha'-ran 
Ha'-ra- rite 8 
Har-bo'-na (a) 
Har-bo'-nah 
Ha'-reph 
Ha'-reth 
Har'-has 
Har-ha-ta 9 



HA 

Har'-hur 
Ha'-rim 
Ha'-riph 

Har'-ne-pher (a) 
Ha'-rod 
Ha'-rod-ite 8 
Har'-o-eh 9 (a) 
Ha'-ro-rite 8 
Har'-o-sheth 
Har'-sha 9 
Ha '-rum 
Ha-ru-maph 
Ha-ru'-phite 8 
Ha'-ruz 

Has-a-di'-ah 15 
Has-e-nu'-ah 13 
Hash-a-bi'-ah 15 (a) 
Hash-ab'-nah 9 
Hash-ab-ni'-ah 15 
Hash-bad'-a-na 9 (a) 
Ha'-shem 
Hash-mo'-nah 9 
Ha'-shum 
Ha-shu'-pha 9 (a) 
Has'-rah 
Has-se-na'-ah 9 
Ha-su'-pha 9 
Ha'-tach 6 
Hai-tack 
Ha'-thath 
Hat'-i-ta 
Hat'-til 

Hat-ti'-pha (a) 
Hat'-tush 
Hau'-ran 
Hav'-i-lah 9 (a) 
Ha'-voth Ja'-ir 
Haz'-a-el 13 (a) 
Ha-zai'-ah 5 (a) 
Ha'-zar Ad'-dar 
Ha'-zar E'-nan 
Ha'-zar Gad'-dah 
Ha'-zar Hat'-ti-con 
Ha'-zar Ma'-veth 
Ha-za'-roth 
Ha'-zar Shu'-el 
Ha'-zar Su'-sah 
Ha'-zar Su'-sim 
Ha'-zel El-po'-ni 3 

(a) 
Ha-ze'-rim (a) 
Ha-ze'-roth (a) 



HE 

Ha'-zer Shu'-sim 
Haz'-e-zon Ta'-mar (a) 
Ha'-zi-el 13 (a) 
Ha'-zo 
Ha'-zor 
Haz'-u-bah 9 
He'-ber 
He'-ber-ites 8 
He'-brews 
He'-bron 
He'-bron-ites 8 
Heg'-a-i 5 
He'-ge 7 
He'-lah 9 
He'-lam 
Hel'-bah 9 
Hel'-bon 
Hel-chi'-ah 15 
Hel'-da-i 5 (a) 
He'-leb 
He'-led 
He'-lek 
He'-lek ites 8 
He'-lem 
He'-leph 
Ha'-!ez 
He -Li 3 
Hel'-ka-i 5 (a) 
Hel'-kath 

Hel'-kath Haz'-zu-rim 
Hel-ki'-as 15 
He'-lon 
He'-man 
He'-math, or 
Ha'-math 
Hem'-dan 
Hen 

He'-na 9 
Hen'-a-dad {a) 
He'-noch 6 
He'-pher 
He'-pher-ites 8 
Heph'-zi-bah 9 
He'-ram 
He'-res 
He'-resh 
Her '-mas 
Her-mog'-e-nes 
Her'-mon 
Her'-mon-ites 8 
Her'-od 
He-ro'-di-ans 



HO 

He-ro'-di-as 

He-ro'-di-an 

He'-seb 

He'-sed 

Hesh'-bon 

Hosh'-mon 

Heth 

Heth'-lon 

Hez'-e-ki 3 (a) 

Hez-e-ki'-ah 15 

He'-zer, or He'-zir 

He-zi'-a 

He'-zi-on (a) 

Hez'-ra-i 15 

Hez'-ro 

Hez'-ron 

Hez'-ron-ites 8 

Hid'-da-i 5 

Hid'-de-kel 

Hi'-el 

Hi-er'-e-el 13 

Hi-er'-e-moth 

Hi-er-i-e'-lus 

Hi-er'-mas 

Hi-er-on'-y-mus 

Hig-gai'-on 5 

Hi'-len 

Hil-ki'-ah 15 

Hil'-lel 

Hin * 

Hin'-nom 

Hi '-rah 

Hi '-ram 

Hir-ca'-nus 

His-ki'-jah 15 

Hit'-tites 8 

Hi'-vites 8 

Ho'-ba,or Ho'-bah 

Ho'-bab 

Hod 

Hod-a-i'-ah 15 

Hod-a-vi'-ah 15 (a) 

Ho'-dish 

Ho-de'-va 9 

Ho-de'-vah 9 

Ho-di'-ah 15 

Ho-di'-jah 15 (a) 

Hog'-lah 

Ho'-ham 

Ho'-len 

Hol-o-fer'-nes 

Ho'-lon 



HY 

Ho'-man, or 
He'-man 
Ho'-mer 
Hoph'-ni 3 
Hoph'-rah 
Hor 

He'-ram 
Ho'-reb 
Ho'-rem 
Hor-a-gid'-dad 
Ho'-ri 3 
Ho'-rims 
Ho'-rites 8 
Hor'-mah 

Hor-o-na'-im 15 (a) 
Hor'-o-nites 8 
Ho'-sa, or Has'-ah 
Ho-san'-na 
Ho-se'-a 9 
Ho-ie'-a 
Hosh-a-i'-ah 15 
Hosh'-a-ma (a) 
Ho-she'-a 8 
Ho'-tham 
Ho'-than 
Ho'-thir 
Huk'-kok 
Hul 

Hul'-dah 9 
Hum'-tah 
Hu'-pham 
Hu'-pham-ites 8 
Hup'-pah 
Hup'-pim 
Hur 

Hu'-rai 5 (a) 
Hu'-ram 
Hu'-ri 3 
Hu'-shah 9 
Hu'-shai 5 (a) 
Hu'-sbam (a) 
Hu'-shath-ite 8 
Hu'-shim 
Hu'-shub 
Hu'-shu-bah 9 
Huz 

Hu'-zoth 
Huz'-zab 
Hy-das'-pes 
Hy-e'-na 9 
Hy-men-e'-us 



IK 

IB'-HAR 

Ib'-le-am (a) 
Ib-nei'-ah 9 (a) 
Ib-ni'-jah 9 
Ib'-ri 3 
Ili'-zan 

Ich'-a-bod (a) 
I-co'-ni-um 
Id'-a-lan 9 
Id'-bash 
Id'-do 
Id'-u-el 13 
Id-u-mae'-a 9 
Id-u-ma3'-ans 
I'-gal 

Ig-da-li'-ah 15 
Ig-e-ab'-a-rim 7 
[g'-e-al 7 
I'-jon 
Ik'-kesh 



IR 

I'-lai 5 (o) 

1m 

Im'-lah 9 

Im'-mah 9 

Im-man'-u-el 17 

Im'-mer 

Im'-na, or Im'-nah 

Im'-rah 

Im'-ri 3 

l-o'-ta 9 

Iph-e-dei'-ah 15 (a) 

Ir 

I'-ra 

I'-rad 

I'-ra m 

I'-ri 3 

I-ri'-jah 15 

Ir'-na-hash (a) 

I'-ron 

Ir'-pe-el 13 



IS 

Ir-she'-mish 
I'-ru 
I'-sa-ac 
P-iak 
I-sai'-ah 5 
Is'-cah 
Is-car'-i-ot 
Is'-da-el 13 
Ish'-bah 9 
Ish'-bak 
Ish'-bi Be'-nob 
Ish'-bo-sheth (o) 
I'-shi 3 
I-shi'-ah 15 
l-shi'-jah 15 
Ish'-ma 9 
Ish'-ma-el 13 
Ish'-ma-el-ites 8 
Ish-ma-i'-ah 15 
Ish'-me-rai 5 



IT 

I'-shod 

Ish'-pan 

Ish'-tob 

Ish'-u-a 9 

Ish'-u-ai 5 

Is-ma-chi'-ah 15 

Is-ma-i'-ah 15 

Ia'-pah 

*Is'-ra-el 

Is'-ra-el-ites 8 

Is'-sa-char 

Is-tal-cu'-rus 13 

Is'-u-i 3 13 

Is'-u-ites 8 

Ith'-a-i, or It'-a-i 5 (a) 

It'-a-ly 

Ith'-a-mar (a) 

Ith'-i-el 13 

Ith'-mah 9 



IZ 

Ith'-nan 
Ith'-ra 9 
Ith'-ran 
Ith'-re-am (a) 
Ith'-rites 8 
It'-tah Ka'-zin 
It'-ta-i 5 
It-u-re'-a 13 
I'-vah 

lz'-e-har 13 (a) 
Iz'-bar 
Iz'-har-ite 8 
Iz-ra-hi'-ah 15 
Iz-ra-hite 
Iz-ra-i'-ah, or 
l8-ra-i'-ah 9 
Iz'-re-el 13 
Iz'-ri 3 
Iz'-rites 8 



* Israel. — This word is colloquially pronounced in two 
syllables, and not unfrequently heard in the same manner 
from the pulpit. The tendency of two vowrIs to unite, 
when there is no accent to keep them distinct, is the 
cause of this corruption, as in Canaan, Isaac. &.c. ; but, 
as there is a greater difficulty in keeping separate two 
unaccented vowels of the same kind, so the latter corrup- 
tion is more excusable than the former ; and therefore, in 
my opinion, this word ought always in publick pronuncia- 
tion, especially in reading the Scripture, to be heard in 
three syllables. Milton introduces this word four times 



in his Paradise Lost, and constantly makes it two> sylla- 
bles only. But those who understand English prosody 
know, that we have a great number of words which have 
two distinct impulses, that go for no more thin a single 
syllable in verse, such as heaven, given, &c. : higher and 
dyer are always considered as dissyllables ; and Aire- and 
dire, which have exactly the same quantity to the ear, 
but as monosyllables. Israel, therefore, ought always, 
in deliberate and solemn speaking, to be heard in three 
syllables. The same may be observed of Raphael and 
Michael. 

1120 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



JA 

J A'- A -KAN 

Ja-ak'-o-bah 9 (a) 

Ja-a'-la 

Ja-a'-lah 9 (a) 

Ja-a'-lam 

Ja'-a-nai 5 (a) 

Ja-ar-e-or'-a-gin 

Ja-as-a-ni'-a 

Ja'-a-sau (a) 

Ja-a'-si-el 13 (a) 

Ja-a'-zah 9 

Ja-az-a-ni'-ah 15 (a) 

Ja-a'-zar 

Ja-a-zi'-ah 15 

Ja-a'-zi-el 13 (o) 

Ja'-bal 

Jab'-bok 

Ja'-besh 

Ja'-bez 

Ja'-bin 

Jab'-ne-el 13 (a) 

Jab^-neh 9 

Ja'-chan 

Ja'-chin 

Ja'-chin-ites 8 

Ja'-cob 

Ja-cu' bus 13 

Ja'-da 

Jad-du'-a 9 

Ja'-don 

Ja'-el 

Ja'-gur 

Jah 

Ja-ha'-le-el 13 

Ja-hal'-e-Iel 13 

Ja'-hath 

Ja'-haz 

Ja-ha'-za 

Ja-ha'-zah 9 

Ja-ha-zi-ah 15 

Ja-ha'-zi-el 13 (a) 

Jali-da-i 5 (a) 

Jah'-di-el 13 (a> 

Jab'-do 

Jah'-le-«l (a) 

Jah'-le-el-ites 8 

Jah'-ma-i 5 (a) 

Jah'-zab 9 

Jah'-ze-el 13 (a) 

Jah'-zi-el 13 (a) 

Jah'-ze-el-ites 8 

Jah'-ze-rah 9 

Ja'-ir 

Ja'-ir-ites 8 

Ja'-i-rus Ja'-e-rus (a) 

Ja'-kan 

Ja'-keh 9 

Ja'-kim 

Jak'-kim 

Ja'-lon 

Jam'-bres 

Jam'-bri 3 

James 

Ja'-min 

Ja'-min-ites 8 

Jam'-lech 6 

Jam'-na-an 

Jam-ni'-a 9 

Jam'-nites 8 



JE 

Jan'-na 9 

Jan'-nes 

Ja-no'-ah 9 

Ja-no'-hah 9 

Ja'-num 

Ja'-phet 

Ja'-pheth 

Ja-phi'-ah 15 

Japh'-let 

Japh'-le-ti 3 (a) 

Ja'-pho 

Jar 

Ja'-rah 9 

Ja'-reb 

Ja'-red 

Jar-e-si'-ah 15 

Jar'-ha 9 

Ja'-rib 

Jar'-mutb 

Ja-ro'-ah 9 (a) 

Jas'-a-cl 13 

Ja'-sliem 

Ja'-shen 

Ja'-sher 

Ja-sho'-be-am (a) 

Jash'-ub 

Jash'-u-bi Le'-hem 

Jash'-ub-ites 8 

Ja'-si-el 13 (a) 

Ja-su'-bus 

Ja'-tal 

Jath'-ni-el 13 

Jat'-tir 

Ja'-van 

Ja'-zar 

Ja'-zer 

Ja'-zi-el 13 

Ja'-ziz 

Je'-a-rim (a) 

Je-at'-e-rai 5 (a) 

Je-ber-e-chi'-au 15 

Je'-bus 

Je-bu'-«i 3 (a) 

Jeb'-u-sites 8 

Jec-a-mi'-ah 15 

Jec-o-li'-ah 15 

Jec-o-ni'-ah 15 

Je-dai'-a 5 9 

Je-dai'-ah 5 (o) 

Jed-de'-us 

Jed'-da 

Je-dei'-ah 9 

Je-di'-a-el 13 

Jed'-i-ah 

Jed-€-di'-ah 15 

Je'-di-el 13 (a) 

Jed'-u-thun 

Je-e'-li 3 

Je-e'-zer (a) 

Je-e'-zer-ites 8 

Je'-gnr Sa-ha-du'-tha 

Je-ha'-le-el 13 (a) 

Je-hal'-e-lel 13 (a) 

Je-ha'-zi-el 13 (a) 

Jeh-dei'-ah 9 (a) 

Je-hei'-cl 9 (a) 

Je-bez'-e-kel (a) 

Je-hi'-ah 9 

Je-hi'-e) 



JE 

Je-hi'-e-li 3 (a) 
Je-hish'-a-i 5 
Je-his-ki'-ah 15 
Je-ho'-a-dah 
Je-ho-ad'-dan 
Je-ho'-a-haz (a) 
Je-ho'-ash 
Je-ho'-ha-dah 9 
Je-ho'-a-nan (a) 
Je-hoi'-a-chin 6 
Je-hoi'-a-da 
Je-hoi'-a-kim 
Je-hoi'-a-rib 
Je-hon'-a-dab 
Je-hon'-a-than 
Je-ho'-ram 
Je-ho-shab'-e-ath 
Je-bosh'-a-phat 12 
Je-hosh'-e-ba 
Je-hosh'-u-a 
Je-ho'-vah 
Je-ho'-vah Ji'-reth 
Je-ho'-vah Nis'-si 
Je-ho'-vah Shal'-lom 
Je-ho'-vah Sham'-mah 
Je-ho'-vah Tsid'-ke- 

nu 
Je-hoz'-a-bad 
Je'-hu 
Je-hub'-bah 
Je' hu-cal 
JeMiud 

Je-hu'-di 3 13 
Je-hu-di'-jah 15 
Je'-hush 
Je-i'-el 

Je-kab'-ze-el 13 (a) 
Jek-a-me'-am 
Jek-a-mi' ah 15 
Je-ku'-thi-el 13 (a) 
Jem'-i-ma (a) 
Jem-u'-el 17 
Jeph'-thah 
Je-phun'-neh 
Je'-rah 

Je-rahm'-o-el 13 (a) 
Je-rahm'-e-el-ites 
Jer'-e-chus 6 
Je'-red 
Jer'Hvmai 5 
Jer-e-mi'-ah IS 
Jer'-e-moth 
Jer'-e-mouth 
Je-ri'-ah 15 
Jer'-i-bai 5 
Jer'-i-cho 6 
Je'-ri-el 13 (a) 
Je-ri'-jah 15 
Jer'-i-moth 
Je'-ri-oth (a) 
Jer'-o-don 
Jer'-o-ham 
Jer-o-bo'-am 
Je-rub'-ba-al (a) 
Je-rub'-e-sheth (a) 
Jer'-u-el 17 (a) 
Je-ru'-sa-lem 
Je-ru'-sha 13 (a) 
Je-sai'-ah 5 



JO 

Jesh-a-i'-ah 5 
Jesh'-a-nah (a) 
Jesh-ar'-e-lah (a) 
Jesh-eb'-e-ab (a) 
Jesh-eb'-e-ah 9 
Je'-sher 
Jesh'-i-mon 
Je-shish'-a-i 5 
Jesh-o-ha-i'-ah 15 
Jesh'-u-a 13 
Jesh'-u run 
Je-si'-ah 15 
Je-sim'-i-el 
Jes'-se 
Jes'-u-a 13 
Jes'-u-i 3 
Je'-sus 
Je'-ther 
Je'-theth 
Jeth'-!ah 
Je'-thro 
Je'-tur 
Je'-u-el 13 
Je'-ush 
Je'-uz 
Jew'-rie 
Jez-a-ni'-ah 15 
Jez'-a-bel 

Je-ze'-lus 

Je'-zer 

Je'-zer-ites 8 

Je-zi'-ah 15 

Je^-zi-el 11 (a) 

Jez-li'-ah 15 

Jez'-o-ar (a) 

Jez-ra-hi'-ah 15 

Jez'-re-el 13 (a) 

Jez'-re-€l-ite 8 

Jez'-re-el-i-tess 

JiW-sam 

Jid'-laph 

Jim 

Jim'-la, or liu'-la 

Jim'-na, or Jim'-nah 

Jim'-nites 8 

Jiph'-tah 

Jiph'-thah-el 

Jo'-ab 

Jo'-a-chaz 

Jo-a-da'-imi 

Jo'-ah 

Jo'-a-haz (o) 

Jo^-a-kim 

Jo-an'-na 

Jo-an'-nan 

Jo'-ash 

Jo'-a-tham 

Jo-a-zaW-dus 

Job 

Jobe 

Jo'-bab 

Joch'-e-bed 6 (a) 

Jo'-da 9 

Jo'-ed 

Jo -el 

Jo-e'-lah 9 

Jo-e'-zer 

Jog'-be-ah (o) 

Jog'-li 



JU 

I JoMia 9 
Jo-ha'-nan 
John 
Jon 

Joi'-a-da 9 (a) 
Joi'-a-kim (a) 
Joi'-a-rib (a) 
Jok'-de-am (a) 
Jo'-kim 

Jok'-me-an (a) 
Jok'-ne-am (a) 
Jok'-shan 
Jok'-tan 

Jok'-the-«l 13 (a) 
Jo*-na 9 
Jon'-a-dab 
Jo'-nah 9 
Jo'-nan 
Jo'-nas 
Jon'-a-than 
Jo'-nath E'-lim R&- 

cho'-chim 6 
Jop'-pa 
Jo'-ra 

Jo'-ra-i 5 (a) 
Jo'-ram 
Jor'-dan 
Jor'-i-baa 
Jo'-rim 
Jor'-ko-am (a 
Jos'-a-bad 
Jos'-a-phat 
Jos-a-phi'-as 15 
Jo'-se 

Jos'-e-dech 6 
Jo'-se-el 13 (a) 
Jo'-seph 
Jo'-ses 
Josh'-a-bad 
Jo'-shah 9 
Josh'-a-phat 
Josh-a-.vi'-ah 15 
Josh-bek'-a-sha 
Josh'-u-a 9 
Jo-si'-ah 15 
Jo-si'-as 
Jog-i-bi'-ah 15 
Jog-i-phi'-ah 
Jo-9i'-phus 12 
Jot'-bah 9 
Jot'-bath 
Jot'-ba-tha (a) 
Jo'-tham 
Joz'-a-bad 
Joz'-a-char 6 (o) 
Joz'-a-dak 
Ju'-bal 
Ju'-cal 
Ju'-dah 9 
Ju'-das 
Jude 
Ju-daV-a 
Ju'-dith 
Ju'-el 
Ju'-li-a 
Ju'-ni-a 

Ju-shab'-he-sed (a) 
Jus'-tus 
Jut'-tah 9 



KE 

KAB 

Kab-ze-el 13 (a) 

Ka'-des 

Ka'-desh, or Ca'-desh 

Ka' desh Bar'-ne-a (a) 

Kad'-mi-el 13 

Kad'-mon-ites 8 

Kal'-la-i 5 

Ka'-nah 9 

Ka-re'-ah 9 

Kar'-ka-a 9 

Kar'-kor 

Kar'-na-im 16 (a) 

Kar'-tiin 

Kar'-tab 9 

Ke»-dar 



KE 

Ked'-e-mah 9 (a) 
Ked'-e-moth (a) 
Ke'-de9h 

Ke-hel'-a-thah 9 (a 1 ) 
Kci'-lah 9 
Ke-lai'-ah 5 (a) 
Kel'-i-ta 

Kel'-kath-ha- zu'-rim 
Kem-u'-el 13 17 
Ke'-nah 9 
Ke'-nan 
Ke'-nath 
Ke'-naz 
Ken'-ites 8 
Ken'-niz-zites 
Ker-en-hap'-puch 

141 



KI 

Ker-en-kap'-puk 

Ke'-ri-oth 

Ke'-ros 

Ke-tu'-ra 

Ke-tu'-rah 9 

Ke-zi'-a 1 9 (o) 

Ke'-ziz 

Kib'-roth Hat-ta'-a- 

vah {a) 
Kib'-za-im 16 (a) 
Kid'-ron (a) 
Ki'-nah 9 
Kir 

Kir-har'-a seth 
Kir'-he-resh 
Kii'-i-eth, or 



KI 

Kir'-jath 
Kir'-i-oth 4 
Kir'-jath Ar'-ba 
Kir'-jath A'-im 
Kir'-jath A'-rim 
Kir'-jath A'-ri-u9 
Kir'-jath Ba'-al 
Kir'-jath Hu'-zoth 
Kir'-jath Je'-a-rim 
Kir'-jath San'-nah 
Kir'-jath Se'-pher 
Kish 
Kish'-i 3 
Kish'-i-on 4 
Ki'-shon, or 

Ki'-son 

1121 



KU 

Kith'-lish 

Kit'-ron (a) 

Kit'-tim 

Ko'-a 9 

Ko'-hath 

Ko'-hath-ites 

Kol-a-i'-ah 15 

Ko'-rah 14 

Ko'-rah-ites 8 

Ko'-rath-ites 

Kor'-hite 

Kor'-hites 

Kor'-ites 8 

KoJ-re 

Koz 

Kush-aif-ah 5 (a) 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



LA 

LA'-A-DAH 9 (a) 

La'-a-dan (a) 

La'-ban 

Lab'-a-na 9 

La'-chish 

La-cu'-nus 13 

La'-dan 

La'-el 

La'-had 

La-hai'-roi (a) 

Lah'-man 

Lah'-mas 

Lah'-mi 3 

La'-ish 

La'-kum 

La'-mech 6 



LE 



LI 



LU 



Lap'-i-doth 


Le'-shem 


Lik'-hi 3 


La-se'-a 9 


Let'-tus 


Lo-am'-mi 3 


La'-shah 


Le-tu'-shim 


Lod 


La-sha'-ron (a) 


Le-um'-mim 


Lod'-e-bar (o) 


Las'-the-nes 


Le'-vi 3 


Log 
ho'-ia 


Laz'-a-rus 


Le-vi'-a-than 


Le'-ah 9 


Le'-vis 


Lo Ru'-ha-mah 


Leb'-a-nah 9 


Le'-vites 8 


Lot 


Leb'-a-non 


Lo-vit'-i-cus 


Lo'-tan 


Leb'-a-oth (a) 


Lib'-a-nus 


Loth-a-su'-bus 13 


Leb-be'-us ]3 (a) 


Lib'-nah 9 


Lo'-zon 


Le-bo'-nah 9 


Lib'-ni 3 


Lu'-bim 


Le'-chah 


Lib'-nites 8 


Lu'-bims 


Le'-lia-bim 


Lib'-y-a 9 


Lu'-cas 


Le'-hi 


Lig-nal'-oes 


Lu'-ci-fer 


Lem'-u-el 17 («) 


Li'-gure 1 





LY 

Lu'-ci-us 

Lad 

Lu'-dim 

Lu'-hith 

Luke 

Luz, 

Lyc-a-o'-ni-a 

Lyc'-ca 

Lyd'-da 

Lyd'-i-a 

Ly-sa'-ni-ag 

Lys'-i-a 9 

Lizh'-e-a 

Lys'-i-as 

Lys'-tra 



MA 

MA'-A-CAH 9 

Ma'-a-chah 6 (a) 

Ma-ach'-a-thi 3 \a) 

Ma-ach'-a-thites 8 

Ma-ad'-ai 5 (a) 

Ma-a-di'-ah 15 

Ma-a'-i 5 

Ma-al'-eh A-crab'- 
bim 

Ma'-a-nai 5 

Ma'-a-rath (a) 

Ma-a-sei'-ah 9 (a) 

Ma-a-si'-ah 15 

Mu'-ath 

Ma'-az 

Ma-a-zi'-ah 15 

Mab'-da-i 5 

Mac'-a-lon 

Mac'-ca-bees 

Mac-ca-bae'-us 
Mach'-be-nali 

Mach'-be-nai 5 

Mach-he'-loth (a) 
Ma'-chi 3 6 
Ma'-chir 
Ma'-chir-ites 8 
Mach'-mas 
Mach-na-de'-bai 5 
Mach-pe'-lah 6 (a) 
Ma'-cron 
Mad'-a-i 5 
Ma-di'-a-bun 
Ma-di'-ah 15 
Ma'-di-an 
Mad- man'-nah 
Ma'-don 
Ma-e'-lus 13 
Mag'-bish 
Mag'-da-la 9 
Mag'-da-len 
Mag-da-le'-ne 
Mag'-di-el 13 
Ma'-gog 

Ma'-gor Mis'-sa-bib 
Mag'-pi-ash 4 (a) 
Ma'-ha-lah 9 
Ma'-ha-lath (a) 

Le-an'-noth 
Ma'-ha-lath 

Mas'-chil 6 
Ma-ha'-le-el 13 (a) 
Ma'-ha-li 3 
Ma-ha-na'-im 16 
Ma'-ha-neh Dan (a) 
Ma'-ha-nem 
Ma-har'-a-i 5 (a) 
Ma'-nath 
Ma'-ha-vites 8 
Ma'-haz 

Ma-ha'-zi-oth (a) 
Ma'-her-shal'-al- 

hash'-baz 
Mah'-lah 
Mah'-li 3 
Mah'-lites 8 
Mah'-lon 
Mai-an'-e-as 
Ma'-kas 
Ma'-ked 



MA 

Mak-e'-loth 

Mak-ke'-dah 13 

Mak'-tesh 

Mal'-a-chi 3 6 

Mal'-cham 

Mal-chi'-ah 15 

Mal'-clii-el 13 (a) 

Mal'-chi-el-ites 8 

Mal-chi'-jah 

Mal-chi'-ram 

Mal-chi-shu'-ah 12 

Mal'-chom 

Mal'-chus 6 

Mal'-las 

Mal'-lo-thi 3 

Mal'-luch 6 

Ma-mai'-as 5 

Mam'-mon 

Mam-ni-ta-nai'-mus 

Mam'-re 

Ma-mu'-cus 

Man'-a-en 

Man'-a-hath (a) 

Man'-a-hem 

Ma-na'-lieth-ites 8 

Man-as-se'-as 12 

Ma-nas'-seh 9 

Ma-nas'-sites 8 

Ma'-neh 9 

Man-ha-na'-im 16 

Ma'-ni 3 

Man'-na 

Ma-no'-ah 

Ma'-och 6 

Ma ; -on 

Ma'-on-ites 8 

Ma'-ra 9 

Ma'-rali 9 

Mar'-a-lah 

Mar-a-nath'-a 

Mar-do-ehe'-u9 6 

Ma-re'-shah (a) 

Mark 

Mar'-i-sa 9 

Mar'-moth 

Ma'-roth 

Mar'-re-kah 9 

Mar'-se-na 9 

Mar'-te-na 

Mar'-tha 

Ma'-ry 

Mas'-chil 6 

Mas'-e-loth 

Mash 

Ma'-shal 

Mas'-man 

Mas'-moth 

Mas'-re-kah 9 (a) 

Ma'-sa 9 

Mas'-sah 9 

Mas-si'-as 15 

Ma'-tred 

Ma-tri 3 

Mat'-tan 

Mat'-tan-ah (a) 

Mat-tan-i'-ah 

Mat'-ta-tha 

Mat-ta-thi'-as 

Mat-te-na'-i 5 



ME 

Mat'-than 

Mat'-that 

Mat-the'-Jas 

Mat'-thew 

Mat-thi'-as 15 

Mat-ti-thi'-ah 15 

Maz-i-ti'-as 15 

Maz'-za-roth 

Me'-ah 

Me-a'-ni 3 

Me-n'-rah 

Mo-bu'-nai 5 (a) 

Mech'-e-rath 13 

Mech'-e-rath-ite 8 

Me'-dad 

Med'-a-lah 9 

Me'-dan 

Med'-e-ba 9 

Medes 

Me'-di-a 

Me'-di-an 

Me-e'-da 

Me-gid'-do 7 

Me-gid'-don 7 

Me-ha'-li 3 

Me-het'-a-bel 

Me-hi'-da 

Me'-hir 

Me-hol'-ath-ite 8 

Me-hu'-ja-el 13 

Me-hu'-man 5 

Me-hu'-nim 

Me-hu'-nims 

Me-jar'-kon 

Mek'-o-nah 9 (a) 

Mel-a-ti'-ah 15 

Mel'-chi 3 6 

Mel-chi'-ah 6 9 

Mel-chi'-as 15 

Mel'-chi-el 13 

Mel-chis'-e-dek 

Mel-chi-sha'-a 13 (o) 

Me-le'-a 

Me'-lech 6 

Mel'-ii-cu (a) 

Mel'-i-ta 

Mel'-zar 

Mem'-phis 

Me-mu'-can 13 

Men'-a-hem (o) 

Me'-nan 

Me'-ne 

Me'-nith 

Men'-o-thai 5 

Me-on'-e-nem (a) 

Meph'-a-atli (a) 

Me-phib'-o-sheth 

Me'-rab 

Mer-a-i'-ah 15 

Me-rai'-oth 5 (a) 

Me'-ran 

Mor'-a-ri 3 (a) 

Mer<-a-rites 8 

Mer-a-tha'-im 16 

Me'-red 

Mer'-e-moth 

Me'-res 

Mer'-i-bah 

Mer'-i-bah Ka'-desh 



MI 

Me-rib'-ba-al (a) 
Mer'-i-moth 4 
Me-ro'-dach 11 (a) 

Bal'-a-dan 
Me'-rom 
Me-ron'-o-thite 8 

Me'-roz 

Me'-ruth 

Me'-sech 6 

Me'-sek 

Me'-sha 

Me'-ahach 6 

Me'-shech 6 

Me'-shek 

Mesh-el-e-mi'-ah 

Mesh-ez'-a-bol 

Mesh-ez'-a-be-el (o) 

Mesh-il-la'-mith 

Mesh-il'-le-moth 

Me-sho'-bah 9 

Me-shul'-Iam 

Me-shul'-le-mith 

Mes'-o-bah 13 

Mes'-o-ba-ite 8 (a) 

Mes-o-po-ta'-mi-a 

Mes-si'-ah 15 

Mes-si'-as 15 

Me-te'-rus 13 

Me'-theg Am'-mah 

Mcth'-re-dath 

Me-thu'-sa-el 

Me-thu'-se-lah 9 

Me-thu'-se-la 

Me-u'-nim 13 

Mez'-a-hab (a) 

Mi'-a-min 

Mib'-har 

Mib'-sam 

Mib'-zar 

Mi'-cah 9 

Mi-cai'-ah 5 (a) 

Mi'-cha 9 

Mi'-cha-el 15 
Mi'-chah 9 
Mi-chai'-ah 
Mi'-chel 
Mich'-mas 6 
Mik'-mas 
Mich'-mash 
Mich'-me-thah 9 
Mich'-ri 3 
Mich'-tam 
Mid '-din 
Mid'-i-an 
Mid'-i-an-ites 8 
Mig'-da-lel (a) 
Mig'-dal Gad (a) 
Mig'-dol 
Mig'-ron 
Mij'-a-min (a) 
Mik'-loth 
Mik-nei'-ah 9 (a) 
Mil-a-la'-i 5 (u\ 
Mil'-cah 9 
Mil'-chah 9 
Mil'-cha 9 
Mil'-com 
Mil'-lo 
Mi'-na 9 

1122 



MY 

Mi-ni'-a-min 
Min'-ni 3 
Min'-nith 
Miph'-kad 
Mir'-i-am 
Mir'-ma 9 
Mis'-gab 

Mish'-a-el 13 15 (o) 
Mi'-shal 3 
Mi'-sham » 
Mi'-she-al (a) 
Mish'-ma 9 
Mi sh -man'-na 
Mish'-ra-ites 8 
Mis'-par 
Mis'-pe-reth (o) 
Mis'-pha 9 
Mis'-phah 9 
Mis'-ra-im 16 
Mis'-re-photh-ma'-im 

16 
Mith'-cah 9 
Mith'-nite 8 
Mith'-ri-dath 
Mi'-zar 
Miz'-pah 9 
Miz'-peh 9 
Miz'-ra-im 16 (a) 
Miz'-zah 9 
Mna'-son 
Na'-son 
Mo'-ab 
Mo'-ab-ites 8 
Mo-a-di'-ah 15 
Mock'-mur 
Mock'-rum 
Mo'-din 
Mo'-eth 

Mol'-a-dah 9 (a) 
Mo'-lech 6 
Mo'-lek 
Mo'-li 3 
Mo'-lid 
Mo'-loch 6 
Mot-lok 
Mom'-dis 
Mo-o-si'-as 13 
Mo'-rash-ite 8 
Mo'-ras-thite 
Mor'-de-cai 5 13 
Mo'-reh 9 
Mor'-esh-eth Gath 
Mo-ri'-ah 15 
Mo-se'-ra 9 
Mo-se'-rah 9 
Mo-so'-roth 
Mo'-«es 
Mo'-ies 
Mo-sol'-lam 
Mo-sul'-la-mon 
Mo'-za 9 
Mo'-zah 
Mup'-pim 
Mu'-shi 3 
Mu'-shites 8 
Muth-lab'-ben 
Myn'-dus 
My'-ra 9 
Myt-©-le'-wi 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



NA 

NA'-AM 

Na'-a-mah 9 (a) 

Na'-a-man 15 (a) 

Na'-a-ma-thitea 8 (a) 

Na'-a-mites 8 

Na'-a-rah 9 (a) 

Na'-a-rai 5 (a) 

No'-a-ran (a) 

Na'-a-rath {a) 

Na-ash'-on (a) 

Na'-a-thus 

Na'-bal 

Nab-a-ri'-aa (a) 

Na-ba-the'-ans 

Na'-bath-ites 8 
Na'-both 
Na'-chon 6 
Na'-chor 6 
Na'-dab 
Na-dab'-a-tha 
Nag'-ge 7 
Na-ha'-li-el 13 
Na-hal'-lal 
Na'-ha-lol (a) 
Na'-ham 

Na-ham'-a-ni 3 (a) 
Na-har'-a-i 5 (a) 
Na'-haah 
Na'-hath 
Nah-bi 3 



NA 

Na'-ha-bi 3 

Na'-hor 

Nah'-shon 

Na'-hura 

Na'-i-dua 5 

Na'-ira 

Na'-in 

Nai'-oth 5 

Na-ne'-a 9 

Na'-o-mi 3 (a) 

Na'-pish 

Naph'-i-ai 3 

Naph'-tha-li 3 

Naph'-thar 

Naph'-tu-him 11 

Naa'-baa 

Na'-ahon 

Na'-aith 

Na'-sor 

Na'-than 

Na-than'-a-el 13 

Nath-a-ni'-aa 15 

Na'-than Me'-lech 6 

Na'-um 

Na'-ve 

Naz-a-rene' 

Naz-a-renes' 8 

Naz'-a-reth 

Naz'-a-rito 8 



NE 

'Ne'-ah 
Ne-a-ri'-ah 15 
Neb'-a-i 5 (a) 
Ne-bai'-oth 5 
Ne-ba'-joth (a) 
Ne-bal'-lat 
Ne'-bat 
Ne'-bo 

Neb-u-chad-nez'-zar 
Neb-u-chod-on'-o-aor 
Neb-u-chad-rez'-zar 
Neb-u-chas'-ban 
Neb-u-zar'-a-daa (a) 
Ne'-cho 6 
Ne-co'-dan 
Ned-a-bi'-ah 15 
Ne-e-mi'-aa 
Neg'-i-noth 7 
Ne-hel'-a-mite 
Ne-he-mi'-ah 9 15 
Ne-he-mi'-as 
Ne'-hum 
Ne-huah'-ta 9 
Ne-liusli'-tah 
Ne-hush'-tan 
Ne'-i-el 13 (a) 
Ne'-keb 
Ne-ko'-da (a) 
Nem-u'-el 13 17 



NI 

Nem-u'-el-itea 8 

Ne'-pheg 

Ne-phi 3 

Ne'-pliia 

Ne'-phiah 

Ne-phiah'-e-aim 

Neph'-tha-li 3 

Nep'-tho-ah 

Neph'-tu-im 

Ne-phu'-aira 13 

Ner 

Ne'-re-ua 

Ner '-gal 

Ner'-gal Sha-re'-zer 

Ne'-ri 3 

Ne-ri'-ah 15 

Ne-than'-e-el 13 (a) 

Xeth-a-ni'-ah 

Neth'-i-nima 

Ne-to'-phah 9 

Ne-toph'-a-thi 3 

Ne-toph'-a-thitea 

Ne-zi'-ah 15 

Ne'-zib 

Nib'-baa 

Nib'-ahan 

Nic-o-de'-mus 

Xic-o-la'-i-tanea 

Nic'-o-iaa 



NY 

Nim'-rah 

Nim'-rim 

Nim'-rod 

Nim'-ahi 3 

Nin'-e-ve 

Nin'-e-veh 9 

Nin'-c-vitea I 

Ni'-aan 

Nis'-roch 6 

Js'W-rok 

No-a-di'-ah 15 

No'-ah, or No<-« 

Nob 

No'-bah 9 

Nod 

No'-dab 

No'-c-ba 9 

No'-ga, or No'-gab. 

No'-hah 9 

Nom 

Nom'-a-de« 

Non 

Nopb 

Jfoff 

No'-phah 9 

No-me'-ni-ua 

Nun, (the father of 

Joshua) 
Nym'-phaa 



OD 



ON 



OB-A-DI'-AH 15 


O-dol'-lam 


O'-bal 


Od-on-ar'-kes 


O'-bed 


O'-had 


-bed E'-dom 


O -beth 


O'-hel 


O'-bil 


Ol'-a-mus 


O'-both 


O-lvm'-phaa 


O-chi-el 13 


Om-a-«'-ru3 13 


Oc-i-de'-lus 7 


O'-mar 


Os-i-dc'-lus 


O-me'-ga 9 


Oc-i-na 7 


O'-mer 


Os'-i-na 


Om'-ri 3 


Oc'-ran 


On 


O-ded 





OP 

O'-nam 

O-nan 

O-nes'-i-rnua 

On-e-8iph'-o-rufl 

O-ni'-a-res 

O-ni'-aa 15 

O'-no 

O'-nus 

O-ny'-as 

On'-y-cha 

On'-e-ka 

O-nvx 

O'-phel 



OS 

C-pher 

O-phir 

Oph'-ni 3 

Oph'-rah 

O-reb 

O'-ren, or O'-ran 

O-ri'-on (a) 

Or'-nan 

Or'-phah 9 

Or'-fa 

Or-tho si'-aa 15 

O-aai'-aa 5 

O-ae'-aa 



oz 

I O'-aeo 
lO'-ahe-a (o) 
1 Oa'-pray 

Os'-si-frage 

Oth'-ni 3 

Oth'-ni-el 4 

Oth-o-ni'-aa 15 

O'-zem 

O-zi'-aa 15 

C-zi-el 4 13 

Oz'-ni 3 

Oz'-nites 8 

O-zo'-ra 9 



1.1 



PA 

PA'-A-RAI 5 (a) 

Pa'-dan 

Pa'-dan A'-ram 

Pa'-don 

Pa'-gi-«l 7 13 

Pa'-hath Mo'-ab 

Pa'-i 3 5 

Pa'-lal 

Pal'-ea-tine 

Pal'-lu 

Pal'-lu-itea 8 

Pal'-ti 3 

Pal'-ti-el 13 (a) 

Pal'-tile 8 

Pan'-nag 

Par'-a-diae 

Pa'-rah 

Pa'-ran 

Par'-bar 

Par-maah'-ta 

Par'-me-naa 

Par'-nath 

Par'-nach 6 

Pa'-roah 

Par-shan'-da-tha Ca) 

Par-u ah (a) 

Par-va'-im 5 16 

Pa'-aach 6 

Paa-dam'-mim 

PB-ae'-ah 9 

Paah-ur 

Paaa'-o-ver 



PE 



PH 



PH 



PY 



RA 

RA'-A-MAH 9 (a) 
Ra-a-mi'-ah 15 
Ra-am'-aea 

Rab'-bah 



Pat'-a-ra 


Po-nu -el 13 


Phar'-i-aeea 


Phy-lac'-te-riea 


Pa-te'-o-li 


Pe-or 


Pha'-rosh 


Pi-ha-hi'-roth 


Pa-the'-ua 13 


Per'-a-zim (a) 


Phar' phar 


Pi'-late 


Path'-roa 


Pe'-reah 


Phar'-zitea 8 


Pil-dash 


Path-ru'-aim 


Pe'-rez 


Pha-ae-ah 13 (a) 


j Pil'-e-tha 


Pat'-ro-baa (a) 


Pe'-rez Uz'-za 


Pha-se'-lia 13 


Pil'-tai 5 (a) 


Pa'-u (a) 


Per'-ga 9 


Phas'-i-ron 


Pi'-non 


Paul 


Per'-?a-moa 


Phe'-be 


°i'-ra 


Ped'-a-hel 13 (a) 


Pe-ri'-da 9 


Phe-ni'-ce 13 (a) 


i Pi '-ram 


Ped'-ah-zur (a) 


Per'-iz-zitea 8 


Phib-'-e-seth 


Pir'-a thon 


Ped-ai'-fth 5 (a) 


Prr'-me-naa 


Phi'-col 


Pir'-a-thon-ite 6 


Pc'-kah 9 


Per-u'-da 9 13 


Pht-lar'-chea 


Pis'-gah 


Pek-a-hi'-ah 


Peth-a-hi'-ah 15 


Phi-le'-mon 11 


Pi '-son 1 


Pe'-kod 


Pe'-thor 


Phi-le'-tua 11 


j Pis'-pah 


Pel-a-i'-ah 5 


Pe-thu'-«l 13 


Phi-Iis'-ti-a. 


Pi'-thon 1 


Pel-a-li'-ah 


Pe-ul'-thai 5 (a) 


Phi-lis'-tira 


Poch'-e-reth 6 


Pel-a-ti'-ah 15 


Phac'-a-reth 


PbWis' tinea 8 


Pen'-ti-us Pi'-late 


Pe'-leg 


Phai'-sur 5 


Fi-U,'-tijts 


Por'-a-tha 9 


Pe'-let 


Phal-dai'-ua 5 


Phi-lol'-o-gua 


Pot'-i-phar 


Pe'-leth 


Pha-le'-as 11 


Phil-o-rue'-tor 


Po-tiph'-e-ra 


Pe'-let h-itea 8 


Pha'-leg 


Phin'-e-aa 


Proch'-o-ni8 


Pe-li'-aa 15 


Phal'-lu 


Phin'-e-haa 


Pu'-o, or Pu'-ah 


Pel'-o-nite 8 


Phal'-ti 3 


Phi '-son 1 


Pu'-dena 


Pe-ni'-el 13 


Pl.al'-ti-el 13 


Phle'-gon 


Pu'-hitea 8 


Pe-nin'-nah 


Pha-nu'-el 13 


Pho'-roa 


Pul, rhymes dull 


Pen'-ni-nah 


Phar* a-cim 7 


Phal, rhymes dull 


Pu'-nitea 8 


Pen-tap'-o-lia 


Pha' ra-oh 


Phur 


Pu'-non 


Pen'-ta-teu-h G 


Fa 1 -ro 


Pbu'-rah 


Pur, or Pu'-rim 


Pen'-ta-teuk 


Pbar-a-tbo'-ni 3 


Phut, rhymes nut 


Put, rhyims out 
Pu'-ti-el 13 (a) 


Pen'-te-coat 


Pha'-rez 


Pho'-vah 


Pcn'-ts-coast 


Pha'-rez-itea 8 


Pby-gel'-luf 


Py'-garg 


RA 


RA 


RA 


RA 


Rab-bath 


Rab-bo'-ni 3 


Rab'-aha-keh 9 


Ra'-chab 6 


Rab'-bat 


Rab'-mag 


Ra'-ca, or Ra'-cha 


Ra'-chel 6 


Rab'-bi 3 


Rab'-sa-cei 


Ra'-cab 6 


Rad'-da-i 5 


Rab'-bith 


Rab'-sa-rii 


Ra'-cal 


Ra ; -jau 






13 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



RA 

Ra'-ges 

Rag'-u-a 

Ra-gu'-el 13 

Ra'-hab 

Ra'-ham 

Ra'-kem 

Rak'-kath 

Rak'-kon 

Ram 

Ra'-ma, or Ra'-mah 

Ra'-math 

Ra-math-a'-im 16 

Ram'-a-thera 

Ra'-math-ite 8 

Ra -math Le'-hi 

Ra'-math Mis'-peh 

Ra-me'-ses K a) 

Ra-mi'-ah 15 

Ra'-moth 

Ra'-moth Gil'-e-ad 

Ra'-pha 



RE 

*Ra'-pha-el 13 15 
Rai-pkel 
Ra'-phah 9 
Raph'-a-im 16 (a) 
Ra'-phon 
Ra'-phu 
Ras'-sis 

Rath'-u-mus 12 
Ra'-zia 
Re-a-i'-ah 5 
Re'-ba 9 
Re-bec'-ca 9 
Re'-chab 6 
Re'-chab-ites 8 (a) 
Re'-chah 9 
Re'-ka 

Re-el-ai'-ah 5 
Re-el-i'-as 15 
Ree-sai'-as 5 
Re'-gem, the g hard 
Re-gem'-me-lech (a) 



RE 

Re'-gom 

Re-ha-bi'-ah 15 

Re'-hob 

Re-ho-bo'-am 

Re-ho'-both (a) 

Re'-hu 

Re'-hum 

Re'-i 3 

Re'-kem 

Rem-a-li'-ah 15 

Re'-meth 

Rem'-mon 

Rem'-mon Meth'-o- 

ar (a) 
Rem'-phan 
Rem'-phis 

Re'-pha-el 13 15 (a) 
Re'-phah 
Reph-a-i'-ah 15 
i Reph'-a-im 16 (a) 
I Reph'-a-iras 



RI 

Reph'-i-dim 

Re'-sen 

Re'-sheph 

Re'-u (a) 

Reu'-bcn 

Re-u'-el 13 (a) 

Reu'-mah 

Re'-zeph 

Re-zi'-a 15 

Re'-zin 

Re'-zon 

Rhe'-gi-um 

Re'-je-um 

Rhe'-sa 

Re'-sa 

Rho'-da 

Rhod'-o-cus 

Ri'-bai 5 

Rib'-lah 

Rim'-mon 



RU 

Rim'-mon Pa'-re7 

Rin'-nah 9 

Ri'phath 

Ry'-fath 

Ris'-sah 9 

Rith'-mah 

Ris'-pah 

Ro-ge'-lim 7 13 

Roh'-gah 9 

Ro'-ga 

Ro'-i-mus 

Ro-mam-ti-e'-zer 

Rosh 

Ru'-by 

Ru'-fus 

Ru'-ha-mah (a) 

Ru'-mah 

Rus'-ti-cus 

Ruth 

Rooth 



SA 

fSA-BAC-THA'-NI 

ISab'-a-oth (a) 

Sa'-bat 

Sab'-a-tus 

Sab'-ban 

Sab'-bath 

Sab-ba-the'-us 

Sab-be'-us 

Sab-de'-us 

Sab'-di 3 

Sa-be'-ans (a) 

Sa'-bi 3 

Sab'-tah 9 

Sab'-te-cha 6 

Sa'-car 

Sad-a-mi'-as 15 

Sa'-das 

Sad-de'-us 

Sad -due 

Sad'-du-cees 

Sa'-doc 



SA 



SA 



Sa-ha-du'-tha Je'-gar 


Sa-mai'-as 5 


Sa'-la 




Sa-ma'-ri-a, or 


Sa'-lah 9 




Sam-a-ri'-a (a) 


Sal-a-sad'-a-i 5 




Sa-mar'-i-tari3 


Sa-la'-thi-el 13 


(a) 


Sam'-a-tus 


Sal'-cah 9 




Sa-mei'-us 9 


Sal'-chah 




Sam'-gar Ne'-bo 
Sa'-mi 3 


Sa'-lem 




Sa'-lim 




Sa'-mis 


Sal'-la-i 5 




Sam'-lah 9 


Sal'-Iu 




Sam'-mus 


Sal'-lum 




Samp'-sa-mes 


Sal-lu'-mus 13 




Sam'-son 


Sal'-ma, or Sal' 


-mah 


Sam'-u-el 13 17 


Sal'-mon 




San-a-bas'-sa-rus 


Sal-mo'-ne 13 




San'-a-sib 


Sa'-lom 




San-bal'-lat 


Sa-lo'-me 13 




San'-he-driin 


Sa'-lu 




San-san'-nah 


Sa'-lum 




Saph 


ISam'-a-el 13 




Sa'-phat 



SA 

Saph-a-ti'-as 15 

Saph'-ir 

Sa'-pheth 

Sap-phi'-ra 9 

Sap'-phire 

Sar-a-bi'-as 15 

Sa'-ra, or Sa'-rai i 

Sar-a-i'-ah 5 

Sa-rai'-as 5 13 

Sa-ram'-a-el 

Sar'-a-mel 

Sa'-raph 

Sar-ched'-o-nus 6 

Sar'-de-us 

Sar'-dis 

Sar'-dites 8 

Sar'-di-us 

Sar'-dine 

Sar'-do-nyx 

Sa'-re-a 

Sa-rep'-ta 



sc 

Sar'-gon 

Sa'-rid 

Sa'-ron 

Sa-ro'-thi 3 

Sar-se'-chim 6 

Sa'-ruch 6 

§Sa'-tan 

Sath-ra-baz'-nes 

Sath-ra-bou-za-nes 

Saul 

Sav'-a-ran 

Sa f -vi-as 15 

Sce'-va 

Se'-va 

Sche'-chem 6 

Ske'-kem 

Scribes 

Scyth'-i-ans 

Syth'-i-ans 

Scy-thop'-o-lis 

Scyth-o-pol'-i-tans 



* Raphael. — This word has uniformly the accent on 
the first syllable throughout Milton, though Grcecised by 
'p a rf)»(jA j but the quantity i3 not so invariably settled 
by him ; for, in his Paradise Lost, he makes it four times 
of three syllables, and twice of two. What is observed 
under Israel is applicable to this word. Colloquially, we 
may pronounce it in two, as if written Raphel ; but in 
deliberate and solemn speaking or reading, we ought to 
make the two last vowels to be heard separately and dis- 
tinctly. The same may be observed of Michael, which 
Milton, in his Paradise Lost, uses six times as a word of 
three syllables, and eighteen times as a word of two only. 

f Sabacthani. — Some, says the editor of Labbe, place 
the accent on the antepenultimate syllable of this word, 
and others on the penultimate: this last pronunciation, 
he says, is most agreeable to the Hebrew word, the penul- 
timate of which is not only long, but accented ; and, as 
this word is Hebrew, it is certainly the preferable pronun- 
ciation. 

J Sabaoth. — This word should not be confounded in 
its pronunciation with Sabbath, a word of so different a 
signification. Sabaoth ought to be heaTd in three sylla- 
bles, by keeping the a and o separate and distinct. This, 
it must be confessed, is not very easy to be done, but is ab- 
solutely necessary to prevent a very gross confusion of 
ideas, and a perversion of the sense. 

§ Satan. — There is some dispute, among the learned, 
about the quantity of the second syllable of this word, 
when Latin or Greek, as may be seen in Labbe, but none 
about the first. This is acknowledged to be short, and 
this has induced those criticks who have great knowledge 
cl Latin, and very little of their own language, to pro- 
nounce the first syllable short in English, as if written 
Saltan. If these gentlemen have not perused the Princi- 
ples of Pronunciation, prefixed to the Critical Pronounc- 
ing Dictionary, I would take the liberty of referring thern 
to what is there said, for full satisfaction, for whatever 
relates to deriving English quantity from the Latin. But 
for those who have not an opportunity of inspecting that 
work, it may, perhaps, be sufficient to observe, that no 
analogy is more universal than tnat which, in a Latin word 
of two syllables, with but one consonant in the middle, 



and the accent on the first syllable, leads us to pronounce 
that syllable long. This is, likewise, the genuine pronun 
ciation of English words of the same form ; and, where it 
has been counteracted, we find a miserable attempt to 
follow the Latin quantity in the English word, which we 
entirely neglect in the Latin itself, (see Introduction, 
page 1059 ) Cato and Plato are instances where we make 
the vowel a long in English, where it is short in Latin , 
and caligo and cogito. where we make the a and o in the 
first syllable short in English, when it is long in Latin. 
Thus, if a word of two syllables, with one consonant in 
the middle, and the accent on the first, which, according to 
our own vernacular analogy, we should pronounce as we 
do Cato and Plato, with the first vowel long: if this word 
happens to be derived from a word of three syllables 
in Latin, with the first short, this is looked upon as a 
good reason for shortening the first syllable of the Eng- 
lish word, as in magick, placid, tepid, &c, though we vi- 
olate this rule in the pronunciation of the Latin words 
caligo, cogito, &cc, which, according to this analogy, 
ought to be cale-i-go, coge-i-to, &c, with the first syllable 
long. 

This pedantry, which ought to have a harsher title, has 
considerably hurt the sound of our language, by intro 
ducing into it too many short vowels, and consequently 
rendering it less flowing and sonorous. The tendency of 
the penultimate accent to open and lengthen the first 
vowel in dissyllables, with but one consonant in the mid- 
dle, in some measure counteracts the shortening tendency 
of two consonants, and the almost invariable shortening 
tendency of the antepenultimate accent ; but this analo 
gy, which seems to be the genuine operation of nature, is 
violated by these ignorant criticks from the pitiful ambi- 
tion of appearing to understand Latin. As the first syl- 
lable, therefore, of the word in question, has its first vow- 
el pronounced short for such miserable reasons as have 
been shown, and this short pronunciation does not seem 
to be general, cs may be seen under the word in the Crit- 
ical Pronouncing Dictionary, we ought certainly to in- 
cline to that pronunciation which is so agreeable to the 
analogy of our own language, and which is, at the same 
time, so much more pleasing to the ear. — See Principles 
prefixed to the Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, No. 
543, 544, &c, and the words Drama and Satire. 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



SH 

Se'-ba 

Se'-bat 

Sec'-a-cah (a) 

Sech-e-ni'-as 15 

Se'-chu 

Sed-e-ci'-as 15 

Sed-e-si'-as 7 

Se'-gub 

Se'-ir 

Se'-i-rath 

Se'-Ia 

Se'-la Ham-mah-le'- 

koth 
Se'-lah 9 
Se'-led 

Sel-e-mi'-as 15 
Scm 

Sem-a-chi'-ah 15 
Sem-a-i'-ah 15 
Sem-a-i'-as 5 
Sem'-e-i 3 
Se-mel'-le-u3 
Se'-mis 
Sen'-a-ah (a) 
Se'-neh 9 
Se'-nir 

Sen-a-che'-rib 13 (a) 
Sen'-u-ah 
Se-o'-rim 
Se'-phar 
Seph'-a-rad 
Se[)h-ar-va'-im 1G (a) 
Se'-phar-vites 
Se-phe'-la 
Se'-rah 

Sc-ra-i'-ah 5 (a) 
Ser-a-phim 
Se'-red 
Se'-ron 
Se'-rug 
Se'-sis 
Ses'-thel 
Beth 
Se'-thar 
Se'-ther 
Sha-al-ab'-bin 
Sha-al'-bim 
8ha-al'-bo-nite 8 
Sha'-aph 
Sha-a-ra'-im 16 
Shar'-a-im 
Sha-ash'-gas 
Shab-beth'-a-i 5 (a) 
Shach'-i-a 
Shad'-<la-i 5 (o) 
Sha'-drach 
Sha'-ge 7 

Sha-haz'-i-math 13 
Bhal'-le-cheth (a) 
Bha'-lem 
Sha'-lim 
Shal'-i-sha (a) 
Shal-lum 
Shai-ma-i 5 
Shal'-man 
Shal-ma-ne'-ser 
Sha'-ma 



SH 

Sham-a-ri'-ah 15 

Sha'-med 

Sha'-mer 

Sham'-gar 

Sham'-huth 

Sha'-mir 

Sham'-ma 9 

Sham'-mah 9 

Sham'-ma-i 5 

Sham'-moth 

Sham-mu'-a 9 

Sham-mu'-ah 9 

Sham-she-ra'-i 5 

Sha'-pham 

Sha'-phan 

Sha'-phat 

Sha'-pher 

Shar'-a-i 5 (a) 

Shar'-ma-im 16 

Sha'-rar 

Sha-re'-zer 

Sha'-ron 

Ska'-ron-ite 8 

Sha-ru'-hen (a) 

Shash'-a-i 5 

Sha'-shak 

Sha'-ul 

Sha'-ul-ites 8 

Sha-u'-sha (a) 

Sha'-veh 9 

Sha'-veth 

She'-al 

She-al'-ti-el 13 (a) 

She-a-ri'-ah 15 

She-ar-ja'-shub 

She'-ba, or She'-bah 

She'-bam 

Sheb-a-ni'-ah 15 

Sheb'-a-rim (a) 

She'-bat 

She'-ber 

Sheb'-na 

Shob'-u-el 13 

Shec-a-ni'-ah 

She'-chem 6 

She'-chem-ites 

Sbech'-i-nah 

Shek'-e-nak (a) 

Shed'-e-ur 

She-ha-ri'-ah 15 

Bhe'-kel 

She'-lah 

She'-Ian-ites 8 

Sbel-e-mi'-ah 15 

She'-leph 

She'-lesh 

Shel'-o-mi 3 (a) 

Shel'-o-mith (a) 

Shel'-o-mot h 

She-lu'-mi-el 13 

Shem 

She'-ma 

Shem'-a-ah 9 (a) 

Shem-a-i'-ah 5 

Shcm-a-ri'-ah 15 

Shem'-e-ber (a) 

She'-mer 



SH 

Shc-mi'-da 13 

Shem'-i-nith 

She-mir'-a-moth 

She-mu'-el 13 17 

Shen 

She-na'-zar 

She-nir 

She'-pham 

Sheph-a ti'-ah 15 

She'-phi 3 

She'-pho 

She-phu'-phan 11 

She'-rah 

Sher-e-bi'-ah 15 

She'-resh 
] She-re'-zer 
'She '-shack 

She'-shai 5 (a) 

She'-shan 

Shesh-baz'-zar 

Sheth 

She'-thar 

She'-thar Boz'-na-i 

She'-va 

Shib'-bo-leth (a) 

Shib'-mah 9 

Shi'-chron 

Shig-gai'-on 5 

Shi'-on 

Shi'-hor 

Shi'-hor Lib'-nath 

Shi-i'-im 3 4 

She-V-im 

Shil'-hi 3 

Shil'-him 

Sbi)'-lem 

Sliil'-lcm-ites 8 

Shl'-lob, or Shi'-lo 9 

Shi-lo'-ah 9 

Slii-lof-ni 3 

Shi-lo'-nites 8 

Sbil'-shah 9 

Shim -e-a 

Shim'-e-ah 

Shim -c-am 
Shim'-e-ath 
Mhlna' u ii l h iim 

S'nim'-e-i 3 
Shim'-e-on 
Shim' hi 3 
Shi'-mi 3 
Shim'-ites 8 
Shim'-ma 9 
Shi'-mon 
Shim'-rath 
Shim'-ri 3 
Shim'-rith 
Shim'-ron 
Sliim'-ron-itcs 8 
Shim'-ron Me'-ron 
Shim'-shai 5 (a) 
Shi'-nab 
Shi'-nar 
Shi'-phi 3 
Sliiph'-inito 
Shiph'-ra 9 
Shiph'-rath 



SI 


SY 


Ship»-tan 
Shi'-sha 9 


8im'-e-on 


Sira'-e-on-itea 8 


Shi'-shak 


Si'-mon 


Shit'-ra-i 5 (a) 


Sim'-ri 3 


Shit'-tah 9 


Sin 


Shit'-tim Wood 


tSi'-nai 5 (a) 


Shi'-za 9 


Si'-nim 


Sho'-a 9 


Sin'-ites 8 


Sho'-ah 9 


Si'-on 


Sho'-ab 


Siph'-moth 


Sho'-bach 6 


Sip'-pai 5 (a) 


Sho'-ba-i 5 


Si'-rach 1 6 


Sho'-bal 


Si-rah 9 


Sho'-bek 


Sir'-i-on 


Sho'-bi 3 


Sis-am'-a-i 5 


Sho'-cho 6 


Sis'-e-ra 9 


Sho'-choh 9 


Si-sin'-nea 


ShoMiam 


Sit'-nah 


Sho'-mer 


Si'-van 


Sho'-phach 6 


So 


Sho'-phan 


So'-choh 6 9 


Shc-shan'-nim 


So'-ko 


Sho-shan'-nim E'-duth 


So'-coh 9 


Shu'-a 9 


So>-!;o 


Shu'-ah 9 


So'-di 3 


Shu'-al 


Sod'-ora 


Shu'-ba-el 13 (a) 


Sod'-om-itea 


Shu'-harn 


Sod'-o-ma 


Shu'-ham-ites 8 


Sol'-o-mon 


Shu'-hitea 


Sop'-a-ter 


Shu'-lam-ite 


Soph'-e-reth 


Shu'-math-ites 8 


So'-rek 


Shu'-nam-ite 


So-sip'-a-ter 


Shu'-nem 


Sos'-the-nes 13 


Shu'-ni 3 


Sos'-tra-tuB 13 


Shu' nites 8 


So'-ta-i 5 (a) 


Shu -pham 


Sta'-chys 6 


Shu -pham-ite 


Sta'-kees 


Shup'-pim 


Stac'-te 


Shur 


Steph'-a-nas 


Shu'-shan 


Steph'-a-na 


Shu'-shan E'-duth 


Ste'-phen 


Shu'-the-lah 9 (a) 


Su'-ah 9 


Shu-thal-itea 8 


Su'-ba 


Si -a 1 


Su'-ba-i 5 


Si'-a-ka 1 9 


Suc'-coth 


BU-ta 


Sue '-cot h Be'-notb 


Sih'-ba-chai 5 (a) 


Su-ca'-ath-itea 8 


Sib'-l.o-lelh (o) 


Sud 


Sib'-mah 9 


Su'-<li-aj 


Sil>-ra-im 16 (a) 


Suk'-ki-ims 4 


f?i'-chem 1 6 


Sur 


Sid'-dim 


Su'-sa 


Si'-* 


Su' san-chitea 6 


Si'-don 


Su-san -nah 9 


Si-gi'-o-noth 7 (a) 
Si'-ha 9 


Su -*i 3 


Syc'-a-minc 


Si'-hon 


Sy-ce'-ne 


Si'-hor 


Sy'-char 1 6 


Si'-laa 


Sy-e'-lus 12 


Sil-Ia 9 


Sy-e'-ne 


*Sil'-o-a 


Syn'-a-gogue 


Sil'-o-as 


Syi<'-a-(ro<r 


Sil'-o-ah, or 


Syn'-ti-che 4 6 


Sil'-o-am (a) 


Syr'-i-a Ma'-a-cali 


Sil'-o-e 9 


Syr'-i-on 


Si-mal-cu'-e 


Sy-ro-phe-nic'-i-a 



* Siloa. — This word, according to the present general 
rule of pronouncing these words, ought to have the accent 
on the second syllable, as it is Grtecised by EtAwd ; but 
Milton,, who understood its derivation as well as the 
present race of criticks, has given it the antepenultimate 
accent, as more agreeable to the general analogy of ac- 
centing English words of the same form : 



-Or if Sion hill 



"Delight thee more, or Siloa's brook that flow'd 

« Fast by the oracle of God " 

If criticism ought not to overturn settled usages, surely 
when that usage is sanctioned by such a poet as Milton, 
it ought not to be looked upon as a license, but an author- 
ity. With respect to the quantity of the first syllable, 
analogy requires that, if the accent be on it, it should be 
short.— See Rules prefixed to the Greek and Latin Prop- 
er Names, No. 19. 

f Sinai. — If we pronounce this word after the He- 
brew, it has three syllables ; if after the Greek, 2(va, 
two only; though it must be confessed, that the liberty 
allowed to poets of increasing the end of a line with one, 



and sometimes two syllables, renders their authority, in 
this case, a little equivocal. Labbe adopts the former 
pronunciation, but general usage seems to prefer the lat 
ter; and, if we almost universally follow the Greek in 
other cases, why not in this ? Mil'ton adopts the Greek: 

" Sing, heav'nly muse ! that on the secret top 
" Of Oreb or oi Sinai didst inspire 

" That shepherd " 

"God, from the mount of Sinai.whose gray top 
" Shall tremble, he, descending, will himself, 
"In thunder, lightning, and loud trumpets' sound, 
" Ordain them laws.'' 

Par. Lost, b. xii. v. 227. 

We ought not, indeed, to lay too much stress on the quan- 
tity of Milton, which is often so different in the same 
word: but these are the only two passages in his Para- 
dise Lost where this word is used ; and, as he has made 
the same letters a diphthong in Asmadai, it is highly 
probable he judged that Sinai ought to be pronounced in 
two syllables.— See Rules prefixed to this Vocabulary, 
No. 5. 

1123 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



TA 


TE 


TH 


TO 


TY 


TA'-A-NACH 5 (a) 


Tap'-pu-ah 13 


Tem'-e-ni 3 (a) 


Thra-se'-as 


Tub 


Ta'-a-nach Shi'-lo (a) 


Ta'-rah 9 


Te'-pho 


Thum'-mim 


To-bi' ah 15 


Tab'-ba-oth (a) 


Tar'-a-lah 9 13 (a) 


Te'-rah 9 


Thy-a-ti'-ra 9 


To-bi-as 15 


Tab'-bath 


Ta'-re-a 9 (a) 


Ter'-a-phim 
Te'-resh 


Tib'-bath 


Tc'-bie, Eng. 
To'-bi-el 4 13 


Ta'-he-al (a) 


Tar'-pel-itcs 8 


Ti-be'-ri-as 


Ta'-be-el !3 (a) 
Ta-bel'-li-us 


Tar'-shis 


Ter'-ti-us 


Tib'-ni 3 


To-bi i-iah 15 


Tar'-shish 


Ter'-she-us 


Ti'-dal 


To'-bit 


Tab'-e-ra 9 


Tar-shi'-si 3 


Ter-tul'-lus 


Tig'-lath Pi-le'-ser 
Tik'-vah 9 


To'-chen 6 


Tab'-i-tha 


Tar'-sus 


Te'-ta 


To-gar'-mah 


Ta'-bor 


Tar'-tak 


Tct'-rarch 6 


Tik'-vath 


To'-hu 


Tab'-ri-mon 


Tar'-tan 


Thad-de'-us 12 (a) 


Ti'-lon 


To'-i 3 


Tach'-mo-nite 


Tat'-na-i 5 


Tha'-hash 


Ti-me'-lus 13 


To'-la 9 


Tad'-mor 


Te'-bah 9 


Tha'-mah 9 


Tim'-na 9 


To'-lad 


Ta'-han 


Teb-a-li'-ah 15 


Tham'-na-tha 


Tim'-nath 9 


To'-la-ites 8 


Ta'-han-ites 8 


Te'-beth 


Tha'-ra 9 


Tim'-na-thah 


Tol'-ba-hes 


Ta-haph'-a-nes 


Te-haph'-ne-hes 


Thar'-ra 9 


Tim'-nath He'-res 


Tol'-inai 5 


Ta-hap'-e-nes 


Te-hin'-nah 


Thar'-shish 


Tim'-nath Se'-rah 


To'-phel 


Ta'-hath 


Te'-kel 


Thas'-si 3 


Tim'-nite 8 


To'-phet 


Pah'-pe-nes 9 


Te-ko'-a, or 


The'-bez 


Ti-mo'-the-us 


To'-u 


Tah -re-a 9 


Te-ko'-ah (a) 


The-co'-e 


Tim'-o-thy, Eng. 
Tip'-sah 9 


Trach-o-ni'-tis 12 


Tah'-tim Hod'-shi 


Te-ko'-ites 8 (a) 


The-las'-ser 


Trip'-o-lis 


Tal'-i-tha Cu'-mi 


Tel'-a-bib (a) 


The-ler'-sas 


Ti'-ras 


Tro'-a3 


Tal'-mai 5 (a) 


Te'-lah 9 


The-oc'-a-nus 


Ti'-rath-ites 8 


Tro-gyl'-li-ura 


Taf'-mon 


Tel'-a-im 16 (a) 


The-od'-o-tus 


Tir'-ha-kah 9 (a) 


Troph'-i-mus 


TaF-sas 


Te-Ias'-sar 


The-oph'-i-lus 


Tir'-ha-nah (a) 


Try-phe'-na 12 


Ta'-mah 


Te'-lem 


The'-ras 


Tir'-i-a 9 


Trv-pho'-sa 12 


Ta'-mar 


Tel-ha-re'-sha 


Ther'-me-leth 


Tir'-sha-tha 


Tu'-bal 


Tam'-muz 


Tel-har'-sa 9 


Thes-sa-lo-ni'-ca (a) 


Tir'-zah 9 


Tu'-bal Cain 


Ta'-nach 6 


Tel'-me-la 9 


Theu'-das 


Tish'-bite 


Tu-bi'-e-ni 3 


Tan'-hu-meth <a) 


Tel'-me-lah 9 (a) 


Thim'-na-thath 


Ti'-van 


Ty-be'-ri-as 


Ta'-nis 


Te'-ma 9 


This'-be 


Ti'-za 


Tych'-i-cus 


Ta»-phath 


Te'-man 


Thom'-as 


Ti'-zite 8 


Tyre, one syllable 


Taph'-e-nes 


Tem'-a-ni 3 (a) 


Tom' -as 


To'-ah 


Ty-ran'-nus 


Taph'-nes 


Te'-man-ites 8 


Thom'-o-i 3 


To'-a-nah 


Ty'-rus 


Ta'-phon 










UM 


UR 


UT 


uz 


UZ 


U'-CAL 


Un'-ni 3 


U-ri'-as 15 


U'-thi 3 


Uz'-zen She'-rah 


U*-el 


U'-phaz (a) 
U-phar'-sin 
Ur'-ba-ne (a) 


U'-ri-el 4 13 (a) 


U'-za-i 5 


Uz'-zi 3 


U'-la-i 5 (a) 


U-ri'-jah 9 15 


U'-zal 


Uz-zi'-ah 15 


U-lara 


U'-rim 


Uz'-za 9 


Uz-zit«l 13 15 


Ul -la 9 


U'-ri 3 


U'-ta 9 


Uz'-zah 9 


Uz-zi'-el-ite3 8 


Um'-mah 9 


U-ri'-ah 9 


U'-tha-i 5 (a) 






VA 


VA 


VA 


VA 


vo 


VA-JEZ'-A-THA 9 


Va-ni'-ah 9 


Vash'-ni 3 


Vash'-ti 3 


Voph'-si 3 


XA 


XE 


XE 


XE 


XY 


XAM5US | 


Xe'-ne-as 


Xer-o-pha'-gi-a 


Xe-rol'-y-be 


Xys'-tus 


Xan'-thi-cus | 










ZA 


ZA 


ZE 


ZE 


ZI 


ZA-A-NA-IM 16 


Za'-dok 


Zar'-e-phath 


Zcch-a-ri'-ah 15 


Ze'-rah 9 


Za'-a-man 


Za'-ham 


Zar'-e-tan 


Ze'-dad 


Zer-a-hi'-ah 15 


Za-a-nan'-nim 


Za'-ir 


Za'-reth Sha'-har 


Zed-e-ki'ah 15 


Zer-a-i'-a 5 


Za'-a-van (a) 


Za'-laph 


Zar'-l)ites 8 


Zeeb 


Ze'-mu 


Za'-bad 


Zal f -mon 


Zar'-ta-nah (a) 


Ze'-lah 9 


Ze'-red 


Zal)-a-dae'-an9 


Zal-mo'-nah 9 (a) 


Zar'-than 


Ze'-lek 


Zer'-e-da 


Zab-a-dai'-as 5 


Zal-mun'-nah 


Zath'-o-e 


Ze-lo'-phe-ad 


Zer'-e-dah 


Zab'-bai 5 (a) 


Zam'-bis 


Za-thu'-i 3 11 


Ze-lo'-tes 13 


Zc-red'-a-thali 


Zab'-ud 


Zam'-bri 6 


Zath'-thu 


Ze! ; -zah 


Zer'-e-rath (.*; 


Zab-de'-us 12 


Za'-moth 


Zat'-tu 


Zem-a-ra'-im 16 


Ze'-resh 


Zab'-di 3 


Zam-zum'-mims 


Za'-van 


Zeir,'-a-rite 8 


Ze'-reth 


Zal)'-di-el 11 


Za-no'-ah 9 


Za'-za 


Ze-mi'-ra 


Ze'-ri 3 


Za-bi'-na 9 


Zaph-nath-pa-a-ne'- 


Zeb-a-di'-ah 15 


Ze'-nan 


Ze'-ror 


Za'-bud 


ah (a) 


Ze'-bah 9 


Ze'-nas 


Ze-ru'-ah 13 


*Zab'-u-lon 


Za'-phon 


Ze-ba-im 13 16 


Ze-or'-im 13 (a) 


Ze-rub'-ba-bel (a) 


Zac'-ca-i 5 


Za'-ra 


Zeb'-e-dee 


Zeph-a-ni'-ah 15 


Zer-u-i'-ah 15 


Zac'-cur 


Zar'-a-ces 


Ze-bi'-na 


Ze'-phath 


Zer-vi'-ah 15 


Zach-a-ri'-ah 15 


Za'-rah 


Ze-bo'-im 13 


Zeph'-a-thah (a) 


Ze'-tham 


Za'-cber 6 


Zar-a-i'-as 15 


Ze-bu'-da 13 (a) 


Ze'-phi, or Ze'-pho 


Ze'-than 


Za'-ker 


Za'-re-ah 


Ze'-bul 


Ze'-phon 
Zeph'-on-ites 8 


Ze'-thar 


Zac-che'-ug 12 


Za'-re-ath-ites 8 


Zeb'-u-lon 


Zi'-a 9 


Zak-ke'-its 


Za'-red 


Zeb'-u-lon-ites 8 1 


Zer 


Zi'-ba 9 



* Zabnlon. — " Notwithstanding," says the editor of 
Labbe, " this word in Greek, Za$n\H)v, has the penulti- 
mate long, yet in our churches we always hear it pro- 
nounced with the acute on the antepenultimate. Those 
who thug pronounce it olead that, in Hebrew, the penul- 



timate vowel is short ; but in the word Zorobabcl, 
Zopo(ldflt\, they follow a different rule ; for, though the 
penultimate in Hebrew is long, they prorjnwxe it with 
the antepenultimate accent." 

1126 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



ZI 

Zib'-e-on 
Zib'-i-on 
Zioh'-ri 3 
Zik'-ri 
Zid'-dim 
Zid-ki'-jah 15 
Zi'-don, or Si'-don 
Zi-do'-ni-ans 
Zif 

Zi'-ha 1 9 
Zik'-lae 
Zil'-lah 9 



ZI 



zo 



zo 



Zil'-pah 9 


Ziph'-i-on 2 


Zo'-ba, or 
Zo'-bah 


Zil'-thai 5 (o) 


Ziph'-ites 8 


Zim'-mah 


Zi'-phron 1 
Zip*-por 


Zo-be'-bah 


Zim'-rarn. or 


Zo'-har 


Zirm'-ran 


Zip-po'-rah 13 16 
Zith'-ri 3 


Zo'-iie-Ieth 


Zim'-ri 3 


Zon«-a-ras 


Zin 


Ziz 


Zo'-peth 


Zi'na 1 9 


Zi'-za 1 9 


Zo'-phah 


Zi'-on, or Si'-on 1 


Zi'-zah 1 9 


Zo'-phai 5 


Zi'-or 1 


Zi'-na 1 9 


Zo'-phar 


Ziph 
Zi'-phah 1 


Zo'-an 


Zo'-phim 


Zo'-ar 





zu 

Zo»-rah 

Zo'-rath-ites 8 

Zo'-re-ah 9 (a) 

Zo'-rites 9 

*Zo-rob'-a-bel (o) 

Zu-ar 

Zuph 

Zur 

Zu'-rUl 13 

Zu-ri-shad'-da-i 5 («) 

Zu'-zims 



* ZorobabeL—Se* Zabulow. 



1127 



TERMINATIOWAL VOCABULARY 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES 



BA* 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
BATHSHEBA, Elisheba, Beersheba. 

ADA IDA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Shemida. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Eliada, Jehoiada, Beths'aida, Adida. 

EA EGA ECHA UPHA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Laodicea. Chaldea. Judea, Arimathea, Idumea, Csesa- 
tea, Berea, Iturea, Osea, Hosea, Omega, Hasupha. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Cenchrea, Sabtecha. 

ASHA ISHA USHA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Elisha, Jerusha. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
B'aasha, Shalisha. 

ATHA ITHA UTHA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Jegar-Sahadutha, Dalmanutha. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gabatha, Gabbatha, Amadat.ha, Hammcdatha, Par- 
■handatha, Ephphatha, Tirshatha, Admatha, Caphena- 
tha, Poratha, Achmetha, Tabitha, Golgotha. 

IA 

(Pronounced in two syllables.) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Seleucia,t Japhia, Adalia, Bethulia, Nethania, Chena- 
nia, Jaazania, Jamnia, Samaria, Hezia. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ach'aia, Arabia, Thracia,Samothracia, Grecia,Cilicia, 
Cappadocia, Seleucia, Media, India, Pindia, Claudia, 
Phrygia, Antiochia, Casiphia, Philadelphia, Apphia, 
Igdalia, Julia, Pamphylia, Mesopotamia, Armenia, Lyca- 
onia, Macedonia, Apollonia, Junia, Ethiopia, Samaria, 
Adria, Alexandria, Celosyria, Syria, Assyria, Asia, Per- 
sia, Mysia, Galatia, Dalmatia, Philistia. 

IKA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Elika. 

ALA ELA ILA AMA EMA IMA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ambela, Arbela, Macphela. i 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Magdala, Aquila, Aceldama, Apherema, Ashima, Jem- 
ma. 

ANA ENA INA ONA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Diana-, Try phena, Hyena, Palestina, Barjona. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abana, Hashbadana, Amana, Ecbatana. 



* For the pronunciation of the final a in this selection, 
see Rule the 9th. 

■f For this word and Samaria, Antiochia, and Alexan 
dria, see the Initial Vocabulary of Greek and Latin 
Proper Names ; also Rule 30th prefixed to the Initial 
Pocabulary. 

X Words of this termination have the accent of the 



OA 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Gilhoa, Tekoa, Siloa, EshtemSa. 

ARA ERA IRA URA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Guzara, Ahira, Sapphira, Thyatira, Bethsura. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
B'aara, Bethabara, Patara, Potiphera, Sisera. 

ASA OSA 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Cleasa, Tryphosa. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Adasa, Amasa. 

ATA ETA ITA 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ephphata, Achmeta, Melita, Hatha. 

AVA UA AZA 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ahava, Malchishua, Elishua, Shamua, Jahaza. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Jeshua, Abishua, Joshua. 

AB IB OB UB 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Eliab, Sennacherib, Ishbi-Benob, Ahitob, Ahitub. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abinadab, Aminadab, Jehonadab. Jonadab, Chileab, 
Aholiab, Magor-Missabib, Aminadib, Eliashib, B'aalze- 
bub, Beelzebub. 

AC UC 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Isaac, Syriac, Abacuc, Habbacuc. 

AD ED ID OD UD 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Almodad, Arphaxad, Elihud, Ahihud, Ahiud, Ahilud. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gal'aad, Josabad, Benhadad, Gilead, Zelophead, Ze- 
lophehad, Jochebed, Galeed, Icbabod, Ammihud, Abiud. 

CE DEE LEE MEE AGE YCHE OHE ILE A ME 
OME ANE ENE OE OSSE VE 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Phenice, Bernice, Eunice, Elelohe, Salome, Magdalene, 
Abilene, Mitylene, Cyrene, Syene, Colosse, (Nazarcne, 
pronounced in three syllables, with the accent or the 
fast.) 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Zebedee, Galilee, Ptolemee, Bethphage, Syntyche, Su 
bile, Apame, Gethsemane, Siloe, Ninive. 

ITE| (in one syllable.) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Thisbite, Shuhite, Abiezrite, Gittite, Hittite, Hivite, 
Buzite. 



words from which they are formed, and on this account 
are sometimes accented even on the prcantcpenultimate 
syllable ; as Bethlehemite, from Bethlehem, and so of 
others. Words of this termination, therefore, of two 
syllables, have the accent on the penultimate sylh.ole, 
and words of three or more, on the same syllable as Jieii 
primitives. — See Rule 8th. 

1128 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



Accent the Antepenultimate, 
Harodite, Agagite, Areopagite, Gergashite, Morashite, 
Haruphite, Ephrathittt, Bethelite, Carmelite, Harm Jite, 
Benjamite, Nehelamite, Shulamite, Sliunamite, Edomite, 
Temanite, Gilonite, Shilonite, Hdronile, Amorite, Jeb- 
usite. 

Accent the Preanlepenultimate. 
Naamathite, Jezreelite, Bethleliemite, Ephraimite, 
(Canaanite, generally pronounced ia three syllables, as if 
written Can-an-ite.) 

AG OG 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abishag, Hamongog. 

BAH CAH DAH EAH CHAH SHAH THAH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Zobazibah, Makkedah, Abidah, Elishah. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Dinhabah, Abolibah, Meribah, Abclbethmaacah, Aba- 
dah, Moladah, Zeredah, Jedulah, Gibeah, Sbimeah, 
Zaphnath-P'aaneah, Meachah, Berachah, B'aashah, Eli- 
atliah. 

A I AH EI AH 
(Ai and ei pronounced as a diphthong in one syllable.) 

Accent the Penultimate. 
*Micaiah, Michaiah, Benaiah, Isaiah, Iphedeiah, Ma- I 
aseiah. 

{Ai pronounced in two syllables.) 
Ad'iiah, Podaiah, Semaiah, Ser'aiah, Asiiah. 

IAH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Abiah, Rheabiah, Zibiah, Tobiah, Miiadiah, Zebadiah, 
Obadiah, Noadiali, Jedidiah, Ahiah, Pckahiah, Jezruhiali, 
Baruchieh, Japhiah, Bithiah, Hezekiah, Hilkiah, Zede- 
kiah, Adaiiah, Gedaliah, Igdaliali, Athaliah, Hnchaliah, 
Reinaliah, Nehemiah,Sbelomiah, Meshelemiah, Jeremiah, 
Shobaniah, Zephaniah, Nethaniah, Chenaniah, Hananiah, 
Coniah, Jeconiah, Sheariah, Zachariah, Zechariah, Ama- 
riah, Shemariah, Azariah. Neariah, Moriah, Uriah, Josi- 
ah, Messiah, Shephatiah, Pelatiah, Ahaziah, Amaziah, 
Asaziah, Uzziali. 

J AH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Aijah, Abijah, Jehidijah, Ahijah, Elijah, Adonijah, 
ijan, Tobadonijah, Urijah, Hallelujah, Zerujah. 

KAH LAH MAH NAH OAH RAH SAH TAH 
VAH UAH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Rcbekab, Azekah, Machpelah, Aholah, Abel-meholab, 
Beulah, Elkanah, Hannah, Kirjath-sannah, Harbonah, 
Ha^hmonah, Zalmonah, Shiloaii, Noah, Manoah, Za- 
noah, Uzzen-sherah, Zipporah, Keturah, Hadassah, Mal- 
chishuah, Shamtnuah, Jehovah, Zeruah. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Marrekah, Baalah, Shuthelah, Telmelah, Methuselah, 
Hachilah, Hackilah, Dalilah, Delilah, Havilah, Raamah, 
Aholibamah, Adamah, Elishamah, Ruhamah, Lnruha- 
mah, Kedemah, Ashimah, Jemimah, Penninah, Baarah, 
Taberah, Deborah, Ephratah, Paruah. 

ACH ECU OCH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Morodach, Evil-inerodach. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ahisamach, Ebed-melech, Abimeloch, Ahimelech, Elim- 
elech, Alammclech, Anaramelech, Adrammelech, Regem- 
melech, Nathan-melech, Arioch, Antioch. 

KEH LEH VEH APH EPH ASH ESH ISH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ele'aleh, Elioreph, Jehoash. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Rabshakeh, Nineveh, Ebiasaph, Bethshemesh, Enshe- 
inesh, Carchemisli. 

ATH ETH ITH OTH UTH 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Goliath, Jehovah-jireth, Hazar-maveth, Baal-berith, 
Rehoboth, Arioth, Nebaiot.h,t Naioth, Moseroth, Haze- 
roth, Pihahiroth, Mosoroth, Allon-bachutlj. 

Accent the ^Antepenultimate. 

Mahalath, Bashemath, Asenath, Daberath, Elisabeth 

Dabbashcth, Jerubbesheth, Ishbosheth, Mephibosheth,' 



* For the j ronunciation of the two last syllables of 
these words, see Rule 5th prefixed to Scripture Proper 

142 



Harosheth, Zoheleth, Bechtileth, Shibboleth, Tanhumetb, 
Genesareth, Asbazareth, Nazareth, Mazzareth, Kirhara- 
seth, Shelomith, Sheminith, Lapidoth, Anatboth, Keri- 
oth, Shemiramoth, Kedemoth, Ahemoth, Jerimoth, Sigio- 
noth, Ashtaroth, Mazzaroth. 

AI 

(Pronounced as a diphthong in one syllable.) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Chelubai, Asmadai, Sheshai, Shimshai, Hushai, Zil- 
thai, Berothai, Talmai, Tolmai, Sinai, Talnai, Arbonai, 
Sarai, Sippai, Bezai. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Mordecai, Sibbachai, Chephar-Hammonai, Paarai. 

AI 

(Pronounced in two syllables.) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Ai. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Zabb'ai, Babai, Nebai, Shobai, J^ubai, Zaccai, Shaddai, 
Amishaddai, Aridai. Heldai, Hegai, Haggai. Belgai, Bil- 
gai, Abishai, Uthai, Adlai, Barzillai, Uli"i, Sisamai, Slial- 
mai, Shammai, Elijenai, Tatnai,Shethcr-boznai, Naharai. 
S-harai Shamsherai, Shitrai, Ansai, Bastai, Eavai,Bigvai, 
Uzai. 

DI EI LI MI NI 01 PI RI UI ZI 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Areli, Lb'ammi, Talithacumi, Gideoni, Benoni, Hazele- 
poni, Philippi, Gehazi. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Engedi, Simei, Shimei, Edrei, Bethbirei, Abisei, Baali, 
Naphthali, Nephthali, Pateoli, Adami, Naomi, Hanani, 
Btierlahairoi, Mehari, Haahashtari, Jesiii. 

EK UK 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Adonizedek, Adonibezek. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Melchizedek, Amalek, Habakkuk. 

AAL EAL IAL ITAL UTAL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Baal, Kirjath-baal, Hamutal. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Mcribbanl, Esbbaul, Ethbaal, Jorubaal, Tabeal, Bolial, 
Abital. 

AEL ABEL EBEL 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Jael, Abel. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gabael. Michael, Raphael, MiihaeJ, Mehujacl, Abim- 
ael, Ishmael, Ismael, Annel, Nathnnael, Israel, Asael, 
Zerubbabel, Zerobabel, Mehetabel, Jezebel. 

EEL OGEL AHEL ACHEL APHEL OPHEL 
ETHEL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Enrogel, Rachel, Elbethel. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Tabeel, Abdoel. JaphaJeel, Mahaleel, Bezaleel, Ha- 
nameel, Jerahmeol, Hananeel, Nathaneel, Jabneel, .fez- 
reel, Hazeel, Asahel, Barachel, Amraphel, Achitophel. 

IEL KEL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Peniel, Uzziel. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abiel,TobieI, Adiel, Abdiel,Gaddiel, Pagiel.Salathiel, 
Ithiel, Ezckiel, Gamaliel, Bfaelumiel, Daniel, Oihnielj 
Ariel, Gabriel, Uriel, Shealtiel, Puliel, Haziel, Hiddekel. 

UEL EZEL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Deuel, Raguel, Bethuel. Pethuel, Hamuel, Jemuel, 
Kemuel, Nemuel, Phanuel, Penuel, Jeruel, Bethezel. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
J Samuel, Lemuel, Emanuel, Immanuel. 

AIL 

(Pronounced in two syllables.) 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Abihail. 



t The ai in this and the next word form but one sylla- 
ble.— See Rule 5. 
J See Rule the 17th prefixed to Scrioturc Proper Names. 
1129 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



AIL 



(Pronounced as a diphthong in one syllable.) 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abigail. 

OL UL 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Bethgamul. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Eshtaol. 

ODAM AHAM IAM IJAM IKAM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Elmodam, Abijam, Ahikam. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abraham, Miriam, Adonikam. 

OAM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Rchoboam, Roboam, Jeroboam. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Siloam, Abinoam, Ahinoam. 

ARAM IRAM ORAM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Padanaram, Abiram, Hiram, Adoniram, Adoram, Ha- 
doram, Jehorarn. 

' AHEM EHEM ALEM EREM 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Menahem, Bethlehem, Jerusalem, Beth-haccerem. 

AIM* 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Chusan-Rishathaim, Kirjath'aim, Bethdiblathaim, Ra- 
math'airo, Adith'aim, Misrephothm'aim, Abelm'aim, Maha- 
naim, Manhan'aim, Horonaim, Sh'aar'aim, Adoraim, Seph- 
arvaim. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Reph'aim, Doth'ajm, Egl'aim, Carn'aim, Shar'aim, Ephra- 
im, Beth-ephraim, Mizraim, Abel-mizr'aim. 

BIM CHIM PHIM KIM LIM NIM RIM ZIM 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Sarsechim, Zeboim, Kirjatharim, Bahurim, Kelkath- 
hazurim. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Cherubim, Lehabim, Rephidim, Seraphim, Teraphim, 
Eliakim, Jehoiakim, Joiakim, Joakim, B'aalini, Dedanim, 
Ethanim, Abarim, Bethhaccerim, Kirjath-je'irim, Haze- 
rim, B'aal-perazim, Gerizim, Gazizim. 

DOM LOM AUM IUM NUM RUM^TUM 

Accent the Penultimate. \ 
Obededom, Appii-forum, Miletum 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abishalom, Absalom, Capernaum, Rhegium, Trogylli- 
um, Iconium, Adramyttium, Galbanum. 

AAN CAN DAN EAN THAN IAN MAN NAN 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Memucan, Chaldean, Ahiman, Elhanan, Johanan, Haman. 
Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Canaan, Chanaan, Merodach-baladan, Nebuzaradan, 
Elnathau, Jonathan, Midian, Indian, Phrygian, Italian, 
Macedonian, Ethiopian, Syrian, Assyrian, Egyptian, Na- 
aman. 

AEN VEN CHIN MIN ZIN 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Manaen, Bethaven, Chorazin. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Jehoiachin, Benjamin. 

EON AGON EPHON ASHON AION ION ALON 
ELON ULON YLON MON NON RON YON 
THUN RUN 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Baal-meon, Beth-dagon, B'aal-zephon, Naashon, Hig- 
gaion, Shiggaion, Chilion, Orion, Esdrelon, B'aal-hamon, 
Philemon, Abiron, Beth-horon. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Gibeon, Zibeon, Gedeon, Gideon, Simeon, Pirathon, 
Herodion, Camion, Sirion, Ascalon, Ajalon, Askelon, 
Zebulon, Babylon, Jeshimon. Tabrimon, Solomon, Leba- 
non, Aaron, Apollyon, Jeduthun, Jesbu.un. 



* In this selection the ai form distinct syllables.— See 
Ru'e 16. 



EGO ICHO HIO LIO 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ahio. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Abednego, Jericho, Gallio. 

AR ER IR OR UR 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Ahishar, Baal-tamar, Balthasar, Eleazar, EzkogeDer, 
Tiglath-pileser, Shalmaneser, Hadadezer, Abiezer, Ahie- 
zer, Ehezer, Romantiezer, Ebenezer, Joezer, Sharezer, 
Havoth-jair, Asnoth-tabor, Beth-peor, Bdal-peor, Nica 
nor, Philometor. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Issachar, Potiphar, Abiathar, Ithamar, Shemeber, Lu- 
cifer, Chedorlaomer, Aroer, Sosi pater, Sopater, Achior, 
Nebuchodonosor, Eupator, Shede'ur, Abishur, Pedahzur. 

AAS BAS EAS PHAS IAS LAS MAS NAS OAS 

PAS RAS TAS YAS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Os8as, Esaias, Tobias, Sedecias, Abadias, Asadias, 

Abdias, Barachias, Ezechias, Mattathias, Matthias, 

Ezekias, Neemias, Jeremias, Ananias, Assanias, Azarias, 

Ezerias, Josias, Ozias, Bageas, Aretas, Onyas. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Annaas, Barsabas, Patrobas, Eneas, Phineas, Caiaphas, 
Cleophas, Herodias, Euodias, Georgias, Amplias.Lysan- 
ias, Gabrias, Tiberias, Lysias, Nicolas, Artemas, Elymas, 
Parmenas, Siloas, Antipas, Epaphras. 

CES DES EES GES HES LES NES SES TES 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Gentiles,! Rameses, Mithridates, Euphrates. 

Accent the Antepenultimate, 
Rabsaces, Arsaces, Nomades, Phinees, Astyages, Dio- 
trephes, Epiphanes, Tahaphanes, Hermogenes, Taphenes, 
Calisthenes, Sosthenes, Eumenes. 

ENES and INES 
(In one syllable.) 
Accent the Ultimate, 
Gadarenes, Agarenes, Hagarenes. 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Philistines, (pronounced like Philistins.) 

ITES 

(Pronounced in one syllable.) 
[Words of this termination have the accent of the 
words from which they are formed, which sometimes oc- 
casions the accent to be placed even on the preantepenul- 
timate syllable, as Oilcadites from Gilead, and so of 
others. Words of ttw termination, therefore, of two 
syllables, have the accent on the penultimate syllable ; 
and words of three or more on the same syllable as their 
primitives.] 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Gadites, Kenites, Jamnites. Levites, Hittites, Hivites. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Rechabit.es, Moabites, Gergashites, Nahathites, Ko- 
hathites, Pelethites, Cherethites, Uzzielites, Tarpelites, 
Elamites, Edomites, Reubenites, Ammonites, Hcrmon- 
ites, Ekronites, Hagarites, Nazarites, Amorites, Geshur 
ites, Jebusites, Ninevites, Jesuites, Perizzites. 

Accent the Preantepenultimate. 
Gileadites, Amalekites, Ishmaelites, Israelites, Midi 
anites, Gibeonites, Aaronites. 

OTES 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Zelotes. 

IS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Elim'ais. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Antiochis, Amathis, B'aalis, Decanolis, Neapolis, Hierap- 
olis, Persepolis, Amphipolis, Tripolis, Nicopolis, Scythop- 
olis, Salamis, Damaris, Vabsaris, Antipatris, Atarg'atis. 

IMS 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Emims, Zamzummims, Zuzims. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Reph'aims, Gammadims, Cherethima, Anakrms, Nethi- 
nims, Chemarims. 

t Oentiles.— This may considered as an English word, 
and should be pronounced in two syllables, as if written 
Jen-tiles, the last syllable as the plural of tile. 
1130 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 



ANS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Sabe'ans, Laodiceans, Assideans, Galileans, Idumeans, 
Epicureans, 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Arabians, Grecians, Herodiane, Antiocbians, Corinthi- 
ans, Parthians, Scythians, Athenians. Cyrenians, Mace- j 
donians, Zidonians, Babylonians, Lacedemonians, EUiio- j 
pians, Cyprians, Syrians, Assyrians, Tyrians, Ephesians, | 
Persians, Galatians, Cretians, Egyptians, Nicol'aitans, I 
Scythopolitans, Samaritans, Libyans. 

MOS NOS AUS BUS CUS DUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Archelaus, Menel'aus, Abubus, Andronicus, Seleucus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Pergamos, Stephanos, Emm'aus, Agabus, Bartacus, 
Achaicus, Tychicus, Aradus. 

EUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Daddeus, Asmodeus, Aggeus, Zaccheus, Ptolemeus, 

Maccabeus, Lebbeus, Cendebeus, Thaddeus, Mardoche- 

us, Mordocheus, Alpheus,Timeus, Bartimeus, Hymeneus, 

Elizeus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Dositheus, Timotheus, Nereus. 

GUS CHUS THUS 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Areopagus, Philologus, Lysimachus, Antiochus, Euty- 
chiM, Amadathus. 

EOS 
Accent the Penultimate. 
Darius. 



Accent the Antepenultimate. 
G'aius, Athenobius, Cornelius, Numenius, Cyreniut, 
Apollonius, Tiberius, Demetrius, Mercurius, Dionysius, 
Pontius, Tertius. 

LUS MUS NUS RUS SUS TUS 

Accent the Penultimate. 

Aristobulus, Eubulus, Nicodemus, Ecanus, Hircanus, 

Auranus, Sylvanus, Abasuerus, Assuerus, Heliodorus, 

Arct urus, Bar-jesus, Fortunatus, Philetus, Epaphroditus, 

Azotus. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Attalus, Theophilus, Alcimus, Trophimus, Ooesimus, 
Didymus. Libanus, Antilibanus, Sarchedonus, Acheacha 
rus," Lazarus, Citherus, Elutherus, J'airus, Prochorus 
Onesiphorus, Asapharasus, Ephesus, Epenetus, Asyn 
critus. 

AT ET OT 1ST OST 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Ararat, Eliphalet, Gennesaret, Iscariot, Antichrist, 
Pentecost. 

EU HU ENU EW MY 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Casleu, Chisleu. Abihu, Andrew. 

Accent the Antepenultimate 
Jehovah-Tsidkenu, Bartholomew, Jeremy. 

BAZ GAZ HAZ PHAZ 

Accent the Penultimate. 
Mahar-shalal-hash-baz, Shaash-gaz, Elipntz. 

Accent the Antepenultimate. 
Jehoahaz. 

1131 









PERRY'S PRONUNCIATION 

OF CERTAIN 

SCRIPTURE NAMES, 

WITH RESPECT TO WHICH HE DIFFERS FROM WALKER. 



A-BA'-NA 

A-ba'-rim 
A'-bel-miz-ra'-im 
A-oi'-dan- 
A-bi'-ha-el 
A-bi'-shag 
A-bi'-sha-i 
A-bi'-sba-lom 
A-bi'-shu-a 
A-bi'-tal 
Ac-lia-i'-a 
Ac-me'-tha 
A-da'-dah 
A-da'-mah 
A-da'-mi 
Ad'-beel 
A-di'-na 
A-di'-no 
A-do'-ni-ze'-dek 
A-don'-i-jah 
Ad'-o-ram 
Ad'-ri-el 
A-ha-sa'-i 
A-hi'-ma-az 
A-hi'-sa-mach 
A-hi-slia'-hur 
Ah-la'-i 

A-ho-li-ba'-mah 
A-hu-ma'-i 
A-i'-ja-lon 
A'-ja-lon 
Al-ex-an'-dri-a 
Al'-mo-dad 
A-mal'-e-kite 
A-ma'-na 
A-ma'-sa 
Am-a-sa'-i 
A-mit'-ta-i 
Am-mi'-el 
Am-ra'-phel 
A-na'-mim 
An-dron'-i-cus 
An-toth'-i-jah 
Aph'-e-kah 
A'-j)hrah 
Ap-pa'-im 
Ap-phi'-a 
A-quil'-a 
Ar-a-u'-nah 
Arch'-e-laus 
Ar'-e-tas 
A-ri'-da-i 
A-ri'-da-tha 
A-ri'-sa-i 
A-ris-tob'-u-lus 
A-ro -di 
A-ro'-er 
^A-sa -hel 
"As'-a-reel 
A-si'-el 
A-thens 
Ath'-la-i 
At-ta'-i 
Az'-a-reol 
A-zi'-fil 
Az-ma'-veth 



B. 

BA'-AL-HA'-MON 

Ba'-al-ha'-nan 



Ba-a'-lali 

Ba-a'-lath 

Ba-a'-lo 

Ba-a'-Iim 

Ba'-al-pe-ra -zim 

Ba'-al-sha-li'-sha 

Ba-a'-nah 

Ba-a'-nan 

Ba-a'-ra 

Ba-a'-sha 

Bak'-ba-ker 

Ba-ra'-chel 

Bar hu-mito 

Bash e'-math 

Bath-shu'-a 

Ba-va'-i 

Be-a'-loth 

Be-ba'-i 

Bech'-o-rath 

Beel'-ze-bub 

Bee'-ra 

Bee'-rah 

Bee'-ri 

Be'-e-roth 

Bcer-she'-ba 

Ben-a-i'-ah 

Be'-ne-jaa'-kam 

Ben-ha -dad 

Ben-han'-an 

Be-ra'-chah 

Ber'-nico (is) 

Ber'-o-dach-bal'-a-dan 

Be-ro'-tha-i 

Beth-a'-nath 

Beth-a'-noth 

Beth-a'-ram 

Beth-az-ma'-veth 

Beth-dag'-on 

Bcth-liac-ce'-rim 

Beth-ma-a'-chah 

Beth-ra'-pha 

Beth-re'-hob 

Beth-sai'-da 

Beth-she'-mesh 

Both'-phage 

Be-to'-nim 

Bez'-a-leel 

Big-va'-i 

Bi-le'-am 

Bil-ga'-i 

Bi-ne'-a 

Bin-nu'-i 

Bo-che'-ra 



D. 



DA'-NrTES 

De-da'-nim 

Deu'-el 

Dib-Ja'-im 

Di-le'-an 

Din-ha'-bah 

Di-o-tre'-phes 

Do-da'-nim 

Do-da'-vah 



E. 



C. 

CAI'-NAN 

Ca'-leb-Eph-re'-tah 

Ca'-naan 

Can'-dace 

Car-che'-mish 

Car'-she-na 

Cas-lu'-bim 

Cha-ra'-shim 

Che'-de-la-o'-mer 

Che-naa'-nah 

Che'-sa-lon 

Chi'-li-on 

Chis-le'-u 

Cle-o'-pa» 



ED'-OM-ITE 

E-la'-dah 

El-da'-ah 

E-le'-ad 

E-le-a'-leh 

E-le-a'-sah 

E-li-a*-da 

E-li-ah'-ba 

E-li'-ka 

E-li -sha-ma 

E-li -sha-phat 

E-li'-shu-a 

E-li-za'-phan 

El-ka'-nah 

El-mo'-dam 

El-na'-than 

El-na'-ara 

E'-lon-beth-ha'-nan 

El-pa'-al 

El-t.e'-keh 

El-fe'-kon 

El-to'-lad 

E-ly'-mas 

E-ne'-as 

En-ge'-di 

En-hak'-kore 

En-she'-mesh 

E-phra'-tah 

E'-phrath 

Esh-ba'-al 

E-she'-an 

Esh-te-mo'-a 

E-tban'-im 

Eth-ba'-al 

Eu'-bu-lus 

E'.vil-mer'-o-dach 

Ez'-i-on 



G. 



GA-DI'-EL 

-leed 
Gam-ma'-dims 
Gath-heph'-er 
Ged'-e-rah 
Ged'-e-roth 
Ge-li'-loth 
Gen'-u-bath 
Geu'-el 
Gi-la'-la-i 
Gil-bo'-a 
Gil'-on-its 



Gin-ne'-tho 

Gin-ne'-thon 

Git-ta'-im 



H. 



HA-BA-I'-AH 

Hach-il'-ah 

Ha-da'-shah 

Had-la'-i 

Ha-ga'-bah 

Ham-mo'-le-keth 

Ham'-u-tal 

Han'-a-meel 

Han'-a-neel 

Ha-na'-ni 

Ha-ra'-dah 

Har'-bo-na 

Har-ne'-pher 

Ha-ro'-eh 

Ha-sha-bi'-ah 

Hash'-ba-dan'-a 

Hash'-u-pha 

Hat'-ti-pha 

Ha-vil'-ah 

Haz'-e-rim 

Haz'-e-roth 

Ha-za'-el 

Ha-za-i'-ah 

Ha-zo'-Iel-po'-ni 

Ha-ze'-zon-ta'-mar 

Ha-zi'-el 

Hel-da'-i 

Hel-ka'-i 

Hen'-a-dad 

He-ze'-ki 

Hez'-i-on 

Ho'-da-vi'-ah 

Hod'-i-jah 

Ho'-ro-na'-im 

Ho-sha'-ma 

Hu'-ra-i 

Hu'-sha-i 

Hu'-sham 



IB-LE/-AM 

Ib-ne-i'-ah 

I-cha'-bod 

Il'-a-i 

I-phe-de-i'-ah 

Ii-na'-hash 

Ish-bo'-sheth 

I-tha' i 

I-tha'-mar 

Ith-re'-am 

I-ze'-har 



J. 

JA-A-KO'-BAH 

I Ja-a-na'4 
i Jaa'-lah 

1132 



Jaa'-sau 

Jaa'-za-ni'-ah 

Jab'-neel 

Ja/i-da'-i 

Ja/t-di'-el 

JaA'-leel 

Ja/t-ma'-i 

Ja/i'-zeel 

Ja/i-ze'-rah 

JaA-zi'-el 

Ja-ha-zi'-el 

Jat'-rus 

Japh-le'-ti 

Ja'-roah 

Ja-sho-be'-am 

Ja-si'-el 

Jea'-rim 

Jea'-te-ra'-i 

Jeb'-u-si 

Jee'-zer 

Je-da-i'-ab. 

Je-ha'-Ieel 

Je-ha'-la-lel 

Je-ha-zi'-el 

JcA-de-i'-ah 

Je-he-ze'-kel 

Je-hi-e'-li 

Je-ho-a'-haz 

Je-ho-ha'-nan 

Je-kab'-zeel 

Je-ku-thi'-el 

Jer'-aA-meel 

Je-ri'-el 

Je'-rub-ba'-al 

Je'-rub-be'-sheth 

Je-ru'-el 

Jer'-u-sha 

Jesh-a-be'-ah 

Jesh-a-re'-lah 

Je-sha'-nah 

Je-zi'-el 

Je-zo'-ar 

Jez'-reel 

Jo-a -haz 

Joch-e'-bed 

Jog-be'-ah 

Jo-i'-a-da 

Jo-i'-a-kim 

Jo-i'-a-rib 

Jok-de'-ani 

Jok-me'-an 

Jok-ne'-am 

Jok'-theel 

Jo-ra'-i 

Jor-ko'-am 

Jot-ba'-thah 

Jo-za'-char 

Ju-shab-he'-sed 



K, 



KAB'-ZEEL 

Ka'-desh-Bar -ne-a 

Kar-na'-im 

Ke-de'-mah 

Ke-de'-moth 

Ke'-he-la'-thah 

Ke-la-i'-ah 

Ki'-broth-hat-tao'-vab 



SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES.— PERRY'S VARIATIONS. 



Kib-za'-im 
Ki-dron 
Ki'-tron 
Ku-sha-i'*ah 



LAj3'-DAII 

Laa'-dan 

La-ha'-i-ro'-i 

La-o-<lic' e-a 

Lash'-a-ron 

Lri-ba'-oth 

Leb'-be-us 

Le-mu'-ol 

Lo-de'-bar 



M. 

MA-A'-CHAFI 

Ma-a-cha'-thi 

Ma-a-da'-i 

Maa'-i 

Maa'-rath 

Ma-as-oi'-ah 

Mach'-po-lah 

Mag-pi'-ash 

Ma-lial'-a-leel 

Ma-ha'-latli 

Ma-lia-neA'-dan 

Ma-ha-ra'-i 

Ma-ha-zi'-oth 

Mal-ki'-al 

Ma-na'-hath 

Mar'-c-shah 

Mas-re'-kah 

Mat-ta'-nah 

Me-ko'-na 

Me-li'-ku 

Mer-a-i'-oth 



Me-ra'-ri 

Me'-rib-ba'-al 

Me'-bun-na ; -i 

Mel-chish'-n-a 

Me-na'-liem 

Mc-o-ne'-nira 

Me-pha'-ath 

Mes-o'-ba-ite 

Me-za'-hab 

Mi-ca-i'-ah 

Mig-da'-lel 

Mig-dal'-gad 

Mi-ja'-min 

Mik-ne-i'-ah 

I Mi-Ia'-la-i 

jflli'-sha-el 
Mi-she'-al 
Mis-pe'-reth 
Miz-ra'-im 

Mo-la'-dah 



N. 



NA-A'-MAH 

Na-a'-ma-thite9 

Na-a'-man 

Naa'-rah 

Na-a-ra'-i 

Naa'-ran 

Na-a'-rath 

Naa'-shou 

Naa'-son 

Na-ha-ra'-i 

Na-ha'-Iol 

Na-ha-ma'-ni 

Na-o'-mi 

Ne-ba'-j 

Neb'-a-joth 

Neb-u-zar-a'-dan 

Ne-i'-el 

Nek'-o-da 

Neth'-a-neel 



o. 



(V-RI-ON 

O-she'-a 



PA-ARA'-I 

Pal-ti'-el 

Pa-ru'-ah 

Par-3han da'-tha 

Pa-tro'-bas 

Pau 

Pe-da'-hel 

Pe-daA'-zur 

Pe-da-i'-ah 

Pe-ra'-zim 

Pe-ul-tha'-i 

Pha-se'-ah 

Phe'-nice (is) 

Pil-ta'-i 

Pu-te-o'-li 

Pu-ti'-el 



R. 



RA^'-MAH 

Ram'-e-ses 

Rech -a-bites 

Re'-gem-me'-lech 

Re'-ho-both 

Rem'-mon-me-tho'-ar 

Re-pha'-im 

Re-pha'-el 

Reu 

Reu-el 

Ru-ha'-mali 



s. 



SAB'-^JOTH 

Sa'-be-ans 

Sal-a4hi'-el 

Sa-ma'-ri-a 

Se-ca'-cah 

Se-nach'-e-rib 

Se-na'-ah 

Se'-phar-va'-im 

Shab-e-tha'-i 

Shal-e'-cheth 

Sha-li'-sha 

Sha-ra'-i 

Shar'-u-hen 

She-al-ti'-el 

Slie-ba'-rim 

She-chi'-nah 

She-lo'-mi 

She-lo'-mith . 

She-ma'-ah 

She-me'-ber 

She-sha'-i 

Shib-bo'-leth 

Shim'-sha-i 

Shit-ra'-i 

Shu-ba'-el 

Shuth-e'-lah 

Sib-ba-cha'-i 

Sib-bo'-leth 

Sib-ra'-im 

Sig-i-o'-noth 

Si-lo'-am 

Si'-na-i 

Sip-pa'-i 

So-ta'-i 



TA-A'-NACH 

Ta-a'-nath-Sbi'-lo 

Tab-ba'-oth 

Ta-be'-al 



Ta'-beel 

Tal'-ma-i 

Tan-hu'-meth 

Ta-ra'-lah 

Ta-re'-a 

Tel-a'-bib 

Te-la'-im 

Tel-me'-Jah 

Te-ma'-ni 

Te-me'-ni 

Thad-de-us 

Thess-a-Ion'-i-ca 

Tir-ha'-kah 

Tir-ba'-nah 



u. 



U-LA'-I 

Up'-haz 
Ur-ba'-ne 
U-ri'-el 
U-tha'-i 



V. 

VA-JE-ZA'-THA 



ZA-A'-VAN 

Zab'-ba-i 

Zal'-mo-nah 

Zaph'-nath-pa-a -ne-ah 

Zar-ta'-nah 

Zeb'-u-dah 

Ze-pha'-thah 

Ze-re'-rath 

Ze-rab-ba'-bel 

Zil-tha'-i 

Zo-re'-a 

Zo-ro-ba'-bel 



Note. To the words found in these lists of Varia- 
tions of Perry and Fulton and Knight, tho letter (a) is 
annexed in Walker's Initial Vocabulary. 



A very few words of various or doubtful pronunciation 
are inserted in these lists, although the pronunciation of 
them here exhibited doe9 not differ from that which U 
approved by Walker. 

1133 



x~ 



FUI/TOIV AND KNIGHT'S PRONUNCIATION 

OF CERTAIN 

SCRIPTURE NAMES, 

WITH RESPECT TO WHICH THEY DIFFER FROM WALKER. 



A A -RON (a'-ron) 

Ab'-i-ud 

A'-i-rns 

Al-ex-an'-dri-a 

A-ma'-sa-i 

Ar'-e-tas 



BE-EL'-ZE-BUB, or 
Beel'-ze-bub 

Beer'-she-ba 
Bes-o-de'-iah 
Bez'-a-leel 



c. 



CAI'-NAN 
Ca'-naan (nan) 



E. 

E-LI-O'-E-NAI 

El'-i-phaz 

E'-zi-on 



H. 



HAM-U-EL 

Ham'-u-tal 



I. 

IPH-E-DE'-IAH 



JA-AS'-I-EL 

Ja-az'-i-el 

Ja-haz'-i-el 



Ja-shob'-e-am 

Jas'-i-el 

Jed'-i-el 

Je-ha.I'-e^el 

Je-haz'-i-el 

Jeii-dc'-iah 

Jo-he'-i-el 

Jem-i'-ma 

Jer'-i-el 

Jer'-i-oth 

Jos'-e-fcl 



KE'-ZI-A 
Kush-a-i'-ah 



M. 



MACH'-HE-LOTH 
Ma-hal'-a-leel 



Mik-ne'-iah 

Mish'-e-al 

Muth-lab'-ben 



N. 

NA'-A-SHON 

Na'-as-son 
Na-ba'-ri-as 



PED-A-I'-AH 

Phas'-e-ah 



R. 

RAi-PHA-IM 



s. 

SA-BA'-OTH 

Sa-ma'-ri-a 
Sa-me'-ius 
Sen-a-che'-rib, or 

Se-nach -e-rib 
Se-ra'-iah 
Shad'-dai 
Shau'-sba 



TEK'-O-A 
Tek'-o-ites 



z. 



ZE-C-RIM 
Zu-ri-sbad'-dai 



NOTICES 

RESPECTING 

WALKER'S PRONUNCIATION OF SEVERAL PROPER NAMES. 



V 



BY comparing Walker's 5th Rule for pronouncing 
Greek and Latin Proper Names, and his 9th Rule for 
pronouncing Scn^-ure Proper Names, with his Notes, in 
the Terminational Vocabulary, on the terminations eia 
and eius, a manifest inconsistency will be perceived. 
A similar inconsistency is also found in his mode of pla- 
cing the accent, in words of these terminations, in the 
Initial Vocabulary. The following words he has accent- 
ed thus ; — Ale'ius. Alphe'ius, JEne'ia, Apule'ia, Apule 1 - 
ius, Aquile'ia,Atie<ius, Canute ia, Canule'ius, Deiope'ia, 
Dryope'ia,Hyge'ia, Luce'ia, Nere'ius, Nise'ia, Nyse'ius, 
Oce'ia, Farort'ia, Pelope'ia, Phille'ius, Te'ia, Te'ius, 
VeHa, Vc'ii, Petle'ius, VultureHus: — and the following 
thus ; — Antei'us, Cartei'a, Petrei'us, Pumpei'a, Pompei'i, 
Pompei'us, Proculei'us, Salei'us, Saturei'um, Saturei'us, 
Saufei'us, Septimulei'us, Tarpei'a, Tarpei'us. A part of 
these words are classed by Walker under the penultimate 
accent, and a part under the antepenultimate; but the 
\ difference of accentuation here exhibited does not cor- 
respond to bis difference of classification. But, though 
Walker's remarks, as well as his practice, are inconsis- 
tent, yet he clearly expresses his preference for the pro- 
nunciation indicated by placing the accent on the letter 
e ; as in the former part of the words above enumerated. 
This is also the accentuation of Scheller, in his Latin 



and German Lexicon, of the Latin Gradus, and other 
authorities. An alteration has, therefore, been made in 
this edition, with regard to those words above mention- 
ed, which have the accent on the letter i; and both 
classes of these words will be found to be accented, in 
the Initial Vocabulary, by the same rule. 

In the Initial Vocabulary of Greek and Latin Proper 
Names, the word Alexandria had the accent on the pe- 
nultimate, and Syene on the antepenultimate; but in the 
Initial Vocabulary of Scripture Proper Names, and in 
both of the Terminational Vocabularies, Alexandria has 
the antepenultimate, and Syene the penultimate accent. 
The accent of these, in the Initial Vocabulary, has been 
corrected. A similar inconsistency has been removed 
respecting the word Heliogabalus. 

Amasa and Maizaroth, among the Scripture Names, 
were found to have the penultimate accent in the Initial 
Vocabulary, and the antepenultimate in the Termina- 
tional. The former has been altered. Other inconsis- 
tencies or errours, also, have been corrected. 

To the word Nemea Walker gives the penultimate 
accent, as also does Labbe ; but the penultimate syllable 
is short in Virgil, and is thus pronounced by the Latin 
Gradua, Holyoke, and Scheller. Editor. 

1134 



OBSERVATIONS 



GREEK AND LATIN 



ACCENT AND QUANTITY; 

WITH SOME 

PROBABLE CONJECTURES 

Olf THE 

METHOD OF FREEING THEM FROM THE OBSCURITY AND CONTRADICTION 

IN WHICH THEY ARE INVOLVED, BOTH BY THE 

ANCIENTS AND MODERNS. 



" Nulliu* ftddictut jorare in verba mag i»tri. M — Honca, 



<# 



« \wmm-nmBamm n— wmmmmmmm 



"gi.wj. t yj 






h 



ADVERTISEMENT. 



AFTER the many learned pens which have been em- 
ployed on the subject of the following Observations, the 
Author would have been much ashamed of obtruding his 
humble opinion on so delicate a point, had he not flatter- 
ed himself that ho had taken a material circumstance 
into the account ; which had been entirely overlooked by 
almost every writer he had met with. 

It is not a little astonishing, that, when the nature of 
the human voice forms so great a part of the inquiry into 
accent and quantity, its most marking distinctions should 
have been so little attended to. From a perusal of every 



* The only exception to this general assertion is Mr. 
Steele, the author of Prosodia Rationalis ; but the de- 
sign of this gentleman is not so much to illustrate the 
accent and quantity of the Greek language, as to prove 
the possibility of forming a notation of speaking sounds 
for our own, and of reducing them to a musical scale, and 
accompanying them with instruments. The attempt is 
undoubtedly laudable, but no farther useful than to show 
the impossibility of it by the very method he has taken 
to explain it; for it is wrapped up in such an impenetra- 
ble cloud of musick as to be unintelligible to any but mu- 
143 



writer on the subject,* one would be led to suppose that 
high and low, loud and soft, and quick and slow, were 
the only modifications of which the voice was suscepti- 
ble; and that the inflections of the voice, which distin- 
guish speaking from singing, did not exist. Possessed, 
therefore, of this distinction of sounds, the Author at 
le;ist brings something new into the inquiry: and if, even 
with this advantage, he should fail of throwing light on 
the subject, he is sure he shall be entitled to the indul- 
gence of the learned, as they fully understand the diffi 
culty of the question. 



sicians; and the distinctions of sound are so nice and 
numerous as to discourage the most persevering student 
from labouring to understand him. After all. what light 
enn we expect will be thrown on this subject by one who, 
notwithstanding the infinitesimal distinctions he makes 
between similar sounds, says, that the u in ugly, and the 
e in met and get, are diphthongs; that the o in may is 
long, and the same letter in nation short ; and that the 
u in you, use, &c, is always aculo-grave, and the i in idle, 
try, &c, grave-acute .' 

1137 



4 



CONTENTS. 



PREPARATORY OBSERVATIONS. 

THE different states, of the voice .... Page 1139 

A definition of accent 1139 

Ail the different modifications of the voice exem- 
plified 1140 

OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN 
ACCENT AND QUANTITY. 

The necessity of understanding the accent and quan- 
tity of our own language, hefore we attempt to 
settle the accent and quantity of the Greek and 

Latin 114! 

What English quantity is 1141 

That it is entirely independent on accent . . . .1141 
Mr. Sheri.lan's erroneous opinion of English accent 1141 
His definition of accent applicable only to singing 

in a monotone 1141 

The true distinction between singing and speaking 

laid down 1142 

Singing and speaking tones as essentially distinct. 

as motion and rest 1142 

Recitative real singing, and not a medium hctween 

singing and speaking 1142 

The true definition of English accent 1142 

Mr. Porster's errour with respect to the nature of 

the English and Scotch accent— (Note) .... 1142 
The true difference between the English and 

Scotch accent 1143 

Some attempts to form a precise idea of the quan- 
tity of the Greek and Latin languages . . . 1143 



I Dr. Gally's idea of Greek and Latin quantity exam- 
ined . . . . Page 1143 

If quantity in these languages consisted in lengthen- 
j ing or shortening the sound of the vowel, it neces- 
| sarily rendered the pronunciation of words very 
| different, as they were differently arranged . . . 1144 
] Opposite opinions of learned men concerning the 

I nature of the Greek and Latin accent 1144 

' The definition which the ancients give of the acute 
accent unintelligible, without having recourse to 
the system of the inflections of the speaking voice 1144 
An attempt to reconcile the accent and quantity 
of the ancients, by reading a passage in Homer 
and Virgil according to the ideas of accent and 

quantity here laid down 1145 

The only four possible ways of pronouncing these 

passages without singing 1145 

The only probable method pointed out 1145 

This method renders the reading very monotonous ; 
but this must necessarily be the case, let us adopt 

what system we will 1146 

The definition of the circumflex accent a confirma- 
tion of the system here adopted 1146 

The monotony of the Greek and Latin languages 
not more extraordinary than the poverty or their 
musick, and the seeming absurdity of their dra- 

matick entertainments 1146 

Probable causes of the obscurity and confusion in 
which this subject is involved, both among tho 
ancients and moderns ... 1147 

1138 



PREPARATORY OBSERVATIONS. 



AS a perusal of the Observations on Greek and Latin 
Accent and Quantity requires a more intimate acquaint- 
ance with the nature of the voice than is generally 
brought to the study of that subject, it may not be im- 
proper to lay before the reader such an explanation of 
speaking sounds, as may enable him to distinguish be- 
tween high and loud, soft and low, forcibleness and 
Jongth, and feebleness and shortness, which are so often 
confounded, and which consequently produce such con- 
fusion and obscurity among our best prosodists. 

But, as describing such sounds upon paper as have no 
definite terms appropriated to them, like those of musick, 
is a new and difficult task, the reader must be requested 
to give as nice an attention as possible to those sounds 
and inflections of voice, which spontaneously annex them- 
selves to certain forms of speech, and which, from their 
familiarity, are apt to pass unnoticed. But, if experience 
were out of the question, and we were only acquainted 
with the organick formation of human sounds, we must 
necessarily distinguish them into five kinds : namely, the 
monotone, or one sound continuing a perceptible time in 
one note, which is the case with all musical sounds; a 
Round beginning low and sliding higher, or beginning 
high and sliding lower, without any perceptible intervals, 
which is essential to all speaking sounds. The two last 
may be called simple slides or inflections ; and these may 
be so combined as to begin with that which rises, and 
end with that which falls, or to begin with that which 
falls, and end with that which rises: and, if this combi- 
nation of different inflections be pronounced with one 
impulse or explosion of the voice, it may not improperly 
W culled the circumflex or compound inflection ; and this 
monotone, the two Simple and the two compound inflec- 
tions, are the only modifications, independent on the pas- 
sions, of which the human voice is susceptible. 



or a soft tone, and a low note may be sounded either in a 
loud or a soft tone also, and each of these tones may be 
pronounced either in a longer or a shorter time ; that is, 
more slowly or quickly ; while forcihle seems to imply a 
degree of loudness and quickness, and feeble a degree of 
softness and slowness, either in a high or a low tone 
These combinations may, perhaps, be more easily con 
ceived by classing them in contrast with each other 

High, loud, quick. 

Low, soft, slow • 



Forcible may be 
Feeble may be 



high, loud, anu quick ; or 
Tow, loud, and quick. 

high, soft, and slow; or 
low, soft, and slow. 



The different combinations of these states may be thus 
represented : 



High, loud, quick, forcible. 
High, loud, slow. 
High, soft, quick. 
High, soft, slow, feeble. 



Low, loud, quick, forcible. 
Low. loud, slow. 
Low, soft, quick. 
Low, soft, slow, feeble. 



The different Stales of the Voice. 

The modifications of tho voice, which have just been 
enumerated, may he called absolute; because they cannot 
he converted into each other, but must remain decidedly 

wlmt they are; while different states of tho voice, as high 
and low, loud and soft, quick and slow, are only compar- 
ative terms, since what is high in one case may be low in 
another, and so of the rest. Beside, therefore, the modi- 
fications of voice which have been described, the only 
varieties remaining, of which the human voice is capable, 
except those produced by the passions, are high, low, 
loud, soft, quick, slow, forcible, and feeble. Though high 
and loud, and low and soft, are frequently confounded, 
yet, when considered distinctly, their difference is eusiiy 
understood ; as, if we strike a large hell with a deep tone. 
though it gives a very loud tone, it will still be a low one : 
and if we strike a small bell with a high tone, it will still 
be a high tone, though the stroke be ever so soft: a quick 
tone in musick is that in which the same tone continues 
hut a short time, and a slow tone where it continues 
longer; but in speaking, a quick tone is that when the 
slide rises from low to high, or from high to low, in a 
short time, and a slow tone the reverse; while forcible 
and feeble seem to be severally compounded of two of 
these simple states ; that is, force seems to he loudness 
and quickness, either in a high or low tone also; and 
feebleness seems to he softness and slowness, either in a 
high or a low tone likewise. As to the tone3 of the pas- 
sions, which are so many and various, these, in the opinion 
of one of the best judges in the kingdom, are qualities of 
sound, occasioned by certain vibrations of the organs of 
speech, independent on high, low, loud, soft, quick, slow, 
forcible, or feeble: which last, may not improperly be 
called different quantities of sound. 

It may not, perhaps, he unworthy of observation, how 
few are these principles, which, by a different combina- 
tion with each other, produce that almost unbounded 
variety of which human speech consists. The different 
quantities of sound, as these different states of the voice 
may be called, may be combined so as to form new vari- 
eties with any other that are not opposite to them. Thus 
high may be combined with either loud or soft, quick or 
■low ; that is, a high note may be sounded either in a loud , 



When these states of the voice are combined with the 
five modifications of voice above-mentioned, the varieties 
| become exceedingly numerous, but far from being incal- 
culable: perhaps they may amount (for I leave it to 
arithmeticians to reckon them exactly) to that number 
into which the ancients distinguished the notes of mu- 
sick. which, if I remember right, was about two hundred. 

Tbew different states of the voice, it* justly distin- 
guished and associated, may serve to throw some light 
on tho nature of accent. If. as Mr. Sheridan asserts, the 
accented syllable be only louder, and not higher than the 
other syllable*! every polysyllable is a perfect monotone. 
If the accented syllable be higher than the rest, which is 

the genera] opinion both among the snetenU ami mod- 
ems, this is true only when a word is pronounced alone, 
and without reference to any other word : for. when sus- 
pended at a comma, concluding a negative member fol- 
lowed by an affirmative, or asking a question beginning 
with a verb; if the unaccented syllable or syllables be 
the last, they arc higher than the accented syllable, 
though not so loud. So that the true definition of accent 
is this : Jf the tcurd be pronounced alonr. and inthuut 
any reference to other words, the accented syllable is 
both higher and louder than the other syllables, cither 
before or after it ; but, if the word be suspended, as at 
the comma, if it end a negative member followed by an 
affirmative, or if it conclude an interrogative sentence 
beginning :rith <i verb, in each case the accented syllable 
is louder and higher than (he preceding, and louder and 
lower than the succeeding syllables. This will l>o suffi- 
ciently exemplified in the following pages. In the mean 
time it may be observed, that, if a degrpe of swiftness 
enter into the definition of force, and the accented syl- 
lable be the most forcible, it follows that the accent does 
not necessarily lengthen the syllable, and that, if it fall 
on a long vowel, it is only a longer continuation of that 
force with which it quickly or suddenly commenced: 
for, as the voice is an efflux of air, and air is a fluid, like 
water, we may conceive a sudden gush of this fluid to 
continue either a longer or a shorter time, and thence 
form an idea of long or short quantity. If, however, this 
definition of force, as applied te accent, should be errone- 
ous or imaginaiy, let it be remembered it is an attempt 
to form a precise idea of what has hitherto been left in 
obscurity; and that, if such an attempt should fail, it 
may at least induce some curious inquirer to show whero 
it fails, and to substitute something better in its stead. 

If these observations are just, they may serve to show 
hc-.v ill founded is the opinion of that infinite vaiiety of 
voice of which speaking sounds consist. That a won 
derful variety may arise from the key in which we speak, 
from the force or feebleness with which we pronounce, 
and from the tincture of passion or sentiment we infuse 
into the words, is acknowledged: but, speak in what key 
we will, pronounce with what force or feebleness we 
please, and infuse whatever tincture of passion or senti- 
ment we can imagine into the words, still they mu* 



PREPARATORY OBSERVATIONS. 



\ 



necessarily be pronounced with one of the foregoing 
modifications of the voice. Let us go into whatever 
twists or zig-zags of tone we will, wt cannot go out of 
the boundaries of these inflections. These are the out- 
lines on which all the force and colouring of speech is 
laid ; and these may be justly said to form the first princi- 
ples of speaking sounds. 

Exemplification of the different Modifications of the 
Voice. The Monotone, the Rising In/lection, the 
Falling Infection, the Rising Circumflex, and the 
Falling Circumflex. 

Though we seldom hear such a variety in reading or 
speaking as the sense and satisfaction of the ear demand, 
yet we hardly ever hear a pronunciation perfectly monot- 
onous. In former timc3, we might have found it in the 
midnight pronunciation of the belman's verses at Christ- 
mas; and now the town crier, as Shakspeare calls him, 
sometimes gives us a specimen of the monotonous in his 
vociferous exordium — "This is to give notice!" The 
clerk of a court of justice also promulgates the will of the 
court by that barbarous metamorphosis of the old French 
word Oyez! Oyez ! Hear ye! Hear ye! into yes! 
yes ! in a perfect sameness of voice. But, however 
ridiculous the menotone in speaking maybe in the above- 
mentioned characters, in certain solemn and sublime 
passages in poetry, it has a wonderful propriety, and, by 
the uncommonness of its use, it adds greatly to that 
variety with which the ear is so much delighted. 

This monotone may be defined to be a continuation or 
sameness of sound upon certain wora* "■- syllables, ex- 
actly like that produced by repeatedly a* iking a bell: 
such a stroke may be louder or softer, but continues in 
exactly the same pitch. To express this tone, a horizon- 
tal line may be adopted ; such a one as is generally used 
to signify a long syllable in verse. This tone may be 
very properly introduced in some passages of Akenside's 
Pleasures of Imagination, where he so finely describes 
the tales of horrour related by the village matron to her 
infant audience — 

" Breathing astonishment! of witching rhymes 
And evil spirits ; of the death-bed call 
To him who robb'd the widow, and devour'd 
The orphan's portion ; of unquiet souls 
Ris'n from the grave to ease the heavy guilt 
Of deeds in life conceal'd ; of suapes that walk 
At dead of night, and clank their chains, and wave 
The torch of hell around the murd'rer's bed." 



If the words " of shapes that walk at dead of night 
be pronounced in a monotone, it will add wonderfully to 
the variety and solemnity of the passage. 

The rising inflection is that upward turn of the voice 
we generally use at the comma, or in asking a question 
beginning with a verb ; as, No, say you ? did he say No ? 
This is commonly called a suspension of voice, and may 
not improperly be marked by the acute accent, thus (»). 

The falling inflection is generally used at the semicolon 
and colon, and must necessarily be heard in answer to 
the former question : He did ; he said No. This in 
flection, in a lower tone of voice, is adopted at the end of 
almost every sentence, except the definite question, or 
that which begins with the verb. To express this inflec- 
tion, the grave accent seems adapted, thus ('). 

The rising circumflex begins with the falling inflection, 
and ends with the rising upon the same syllable, and 
seems, as it were, to twist the voice upwards. This in- 
flection may be exemplified by the drawling tone we give 
to some words spoken ironically; as the word Clodius in 
Cicero's Oration for Milo. This turn of voice may be 
marked in this manner ( v ): 

"But it is foolish in us to compare Drusus Africanus 
and ourselves with Clodius ; all our other calamities were 
tolerable, but no one can patiently bear the death of 
Clodius." 

The falling circumflex begins with the rising inflection, 
and ends with the falling upon the same syllable, and 
seems to twist the voice downwards. This inflection 
seems generally to be used in ironical reproach ; as on 
the word you in the following example: 

" So then you are the author of this conspiracy against 
me ? It is to you that I am indebted for all the mischief 
that has befallen me?" 

If to these inflections we add the distinction of a phrase 
into accentual portions ; as 

Prosperity | gains friends | and adversity | tries them, | 

and pronounce friends like an unaccented syllable of 
gains ; and like an unaccented syllable of adversity , 
and them like an unaccented syllable of tries ,• we have 
a clear idea of the relative forces of all the syllables, 
and approximate closely to a notation of speaking 
sounds. 

For farther information respecting this new and curi- 
ous analysis of the human voice, see Elements of Elocu 
tion, second edition, page 62; and Rhetorical Grammar 
third edition, page 143. 

1140 



OBSERVATIONS 



GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT, &c. 



1. IN order to form an idea of the Accent and &uan- 1 
tity of the dead languages, it will be necessary, first, to j 
understand what we mean by the accent and quantity of I 
our own language :* and, as quantity is supposed by some ' 
to regulate the accent in English, as well as in Greek and i 
Latin, it will be necessary first to inquire, what we mean i 
by long and short vowels, or, as some are pleased to term 
them, syllables. 

2. In English, then, we have no conception of quantity 
arising from any thing but the nature of the vowels, as 
they are pronounced long or short. Whatever retarda- 
tion of voice in the sound of a vowel there might be in 
Greek and Latin before two consonants, anil those often 
twin consonants, we find every vowel in this situation as 
easily pronounced short as long; and the quantity is 
found to arise from the length or shortness we give to 
the vowel, and not from any obstruction of sound occa- 
sioned by the succeeding consonants. Thus the a in ban- 
ish, banner, and banter, is short in all these words, and 
long in paper, taper, and vapour: tho t long in miser, 
minor, and mitre, and short in misery, middle, and mis- 
tress ; and so of the rest of the vowels ; and, though the 
accent is on the first syllable of all these words, we see 
it perfectly compatible with either long or short quan- 
tity. 

& As a farther proof of this, we may observe, that 
unaccented vowels are frequently pronounced long when 
the accented vowels are short. Thus the o in Cicero, in 
English as well as in Latin pronunciation, is long, though 



unaccented ; and the i short, though under the accent. 
The same may be observed of the name of our English 
poet Lillo. So in our English words cd'nclave, reconcile^ 
chamomile, and the substantives confine, perfume, and a 
thousand others, we see the first accented syllable short, 
and the final unaccented syllable long. Let those who 
contend that the acute accent and long quantity are in 
separable, call the first vowels of these wurds long, if 
they please; but, hy those who make their »«r, and not 
their eye, the judge of quantity, when compared with the 
last vowels, they will always be esteemed short.t 

4. The next object of inquiry is, What is the nature of 
English accent I Mr. Sheridan, J with his usual decision, 

j tells us, that accent is only a greater force upon one syl- 
lable than another, without any relation to the elevation 

' ordeoressionof the voice; while almost every other writer 
on the subject makes the elevation or depression of the 
voice inseparable from accent. When words are pro 
nounced in a monotone. as the belman repeals his verses, 
the crier pronounces his advertisement, or the clerk of a 
chereh gives out the psalm, we hear an ictus or accentual 
force upon the several accented syllables, which distin- 
guishes them from the others, but no more variety of 
tone than if we were to beat the syllables of the same 
words upon a drum, which may be louder or softer, hut 
cannot be either higher or lower. This ii pronouncing 
according to Mr. Sheridan's definition of accent : and 
this pronunciation certainly comes under the definition 
of singing: it is singing ill, indeed, as Julius Ca-sar said 



* It is not surprising, that the accent and quantity of 
the ancients should be so obscure and mysterious, when 
two such learned men, of our own nation, as Mr. Forster 
and Dr. Gaily differ about the very existence of quantity 
in our own language. The former of these gentlemen \ 
maintains, that ''the English has both accent and quan- 
tity, and that no language can be without them ;" but the 
latter asserts, that, " in t he modern languages, the pronun- 
ciation doth not depend upon a natural quantity, and 
therefore a greater liberty may be allowed in the placing 
of accents." And in another place, speaking of the nor- 
thern languages of Europe, he says, that "it was made 
impossible to think of establishing quantity for a founda- 
tion of harmony in pronunciation. Hence it became ne- 
cessary to lay aside the consideration of quantity, and to 
have recourse to accents." " In these and some other pas- 
sages, that writer," says Forster, "seems to look upon 
accents as alone regulating the pronunciation of English, 
and quantity as excluded from it." — Forster's Essay on 
decent and Quantity, page 28. 

As a farther proof of the total want of ear in a great 
Greek scholar — Lord Monboddo says, " Our accents differ 
from the Greek in two material respects: First, they are 
not appropriated to particular syllables of the word, but 
are laid upon different syllables, according to the fancy 
of the speaker, or rather as it happens : for I believe no 
man speaking English does, by choice, give an accent to 
one syllable of a word different <rom that which he gives 
to another." 

"Two things, therefore, that, in my opinion, constitute 
our verse, are the number of syllables, and the mixture 
of loud and soft, according to certain rules. As to quan- 
tity^ it is certainly not essential to our verse, and far 
less is accent." — See Steele's Prosodia Rationales, page 
103,110. 

t A late very learned and ingenious writer tells us, that 
our accent and quantity always coincide; he objects to 
himself the words signify, magnify, qualify, &\c, where 
the final syllable is longer than the accented syllable; 
hut this, he assorts with the greatest probability, was not 
the accentuation of our ancestors, who placed the accent 
on the last syllable, which is naturally the longest. But 
this sufficiently proves, that the accent does not necessa- 



rily lengthen the syllable it falls on ; that is. if length 
consists in pronouncing tiie vowel long, which is the nat- 
ural idea of long quantity, and not in the duration of the 
voice upon a short vowel, occasioned by the retardation 
of sounding two succeeding consonants, which is an idea, 
though sanctioned by antiquity, that has no foundation: 
in nature: for who, that is not prejudiced by early opin- 
ion, can suppose the first syllable of elbow to be long, and 
the lost short.' — See Essay on Greek and Latin Proso 
dies. — Printed for Robson." 

I The term (accent) with us has no reference to inflec 
tions of tho voice, or musical notes, but only means a 
peculiar manner of distinguishing one syllable of a word 
from the rest — Lectures on Elocution, quarto edition, 
pa^e 41. 

To illustrate the difference between the accent of the 
ancients and that of ours, (says Mr. Sheridan,) let us sup 
pose the same movements beat upon the drum, and 
sounded by the trumpet. Take, for instance, a stirpes 
sion of words, where the accent is on every second sylla 
ble. which forms an iambick movement ; the only way 
by which a drum (as it is incapable of any change of 
notes) can mark that movement, is by striking a soft 
note first, followed by one more forcible, and so in sue 
cession. Let the same movement be sounded by the 
trumpet in an alternation of high and low notes, and it 
will give a distinct idea of the difference between the 
English accent and those of the ancients. — Art of Read- 
ing, paje 75. 

I am sorry to find one of the most ingenious, learned, 
and candid inquirers into this subject, of the same opin- 
ion as Mr. Sheridan. The anthority of Mr. Nares would 
have gone near to shake my own opinion, if I had not rec- 
ollected, that this gentleman confesses he carmot perceive 
the least of a diphthongal sound in the i in strike, which 
Dr. Waliis, he observes, excludes from the simpTe sounds 
of the vowels. For, if the definition of a vowel sonnd 
be, that it is formed by one positron of the organs, noth- 
ing can be more perceptible than the donbte position of 
them in the present case, and that the noun eye, which is 
perfectly equivalent to the pronoun /, begins with the 
sound of a in father, and ends in that of t in *qual~ 
See Narcs's English Orthoepy, page 2, 144. 
1141 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



of a bad reader, — but still it is singing, and therefore essen- 
tially different from speaking: for, in speaking, the voice 
is continually sliding upwards or downwards ; and, in sing- 
ing, it is leaping, as it were, from a lower to a higher, or 
from a higher to a lower note : the only two possible ways 
of varying the human voice with respect to elevation or 
depression : so that, when we are told, by some writers on 
this subject, that the speaking of the ancients was a kind 
of singing, we are led into the errour of supposing, that 
singing and speaking differ only in degree, and not in kind ; 
whereas they are just as different as motion and rest.* 

5. Whenever in speaking we adopt a singing tone, 
(which was formerly the case with Puritan preachers,) it 
differs essentially from speaking, and can be pricked down 
upon paper, and be played upon a violin ; and whenever 
in singing we adopt a speaking tone, the slide of this tone 
is so essentially distinct from singing, as to shock the ear 
like the harshest discord. Those, therefore, who rank 
recitative as a medium between singing and speaking, 
are utterly ignorant of the nature of both. Recitative 
is just as much singing as what is called air, or any other 
species of musical composition. 

6. If we may have recourse to the eye, the most distinct 
and definite of all our senses, we may define musical notes 
to be horizontal lines, and speaking tones oblique lines: 
the one rises from low to high, or falls from high to j 
low, by distinct intervals, as the following straight lines 

to the eye ; — — the other slides upwards or down- 
wards, as the following oblique lines : 

the one more different to the eye, than the other is to the 
ear. Those, therefore, who gravely tell us, that the enun- 
ciation of the ancients was a kind of musical speaking, 
impose upon us with words to which we can annex no 
ideas : and when they attempt to illustrate this musico- 
speaking pronunciation, by referring us to the Scotch 
and other dialects, they give us a rhetorical flourish 
instead of a real example ; for. however the Scotch and 
other speakers may drawl out the accent, and give the 
vowel a greater length than the English, it is always 



* It is not denied, that the slides in speaking may some- 
times leap, as it were, from a low to a high, or from a 
high to a low note ; that is, that there may be a very con- 
siderable interval between the end of one of those slides 
and the beginning of another ; as between the high note 
in the word no in the question, Did he say JVo ? and the 
low note which the same word may adopt in the answer, 
No, he did not. But the sound which composes the note 
of speaking, as it may be called, and the sound which 
composes the note of singing, are essentially distinct; the 
former is in continual motion, while the latter i3 for a 
given time at rest. — See Note to sect. 23. 

f How the ancients could make every monosyllable ac- 
cented, (that is, according to their definition of accent, 
pronounced with an elevated tone of voice,) without tell- 
ing us how this elevation happened, whether it was an 
elevation of one part of the syllable above the other, or 
the elevation of one word or syllable above other words 
or syllables, — how these distinctions, I say, so absolutely 
necessary to a precise idea of accent, should never bo 
once mentioned, can be resolved into nothing but that 
attachment to words without ideas, and that neglect of 
experiment, which have involved the moderns in the same 
mist of ignorance and errour. 

I That excellent scholar, Mr. Forster, furnishes an ad- 
ditional instance of the possibility of uniting a deep and 
accurate knowledge of what is called the prosody of the \ 
ancients, with a total ignorance of the accent and quan- { 
tity of his own language. After a thousand examples to j 
show how the English is susceptible of every kind of j 
met re among the ancients, (though in all his examples he ! 
substitutes English accent for Greek and Latin quantity,) \ 
he proceeds to show the difference between the English, I 
the Irish, and the Scotch pronunciation : — 

" The English join the acute and long time together, as I 
in Ub'erty, y short. The Scotch observe our quantity, j 
and alter our"accent, ItbSrty' ; y short. When I say they j 
observe our quantity, I mean, they pronounce the same 
syllable long which we do, but they make it longer. In i 
respect to the circumflex, with which their pronunciation 
abounds, it may be remarked, that it is not formed, as the | 
Greek, Latin, and English, of an acute and grave, but 
of a grave and acute, v6&s t ros ) round, English ; round, 
Scotch. 

"The Irish observe our quantity and accent too, but 
witn a greater degree of spirit or emphasis, which Scali- [ 
ger calls afflatio in latitudine, giving to most syllables an 
aspiration."— Essay on A zcent and Quantity, pago 75. | 



in an oblique, and not in a straight line; for, the mo- 
ment the straight line of sound", or the monotone, is 
adopted, we hear something essentially distinct from 
speaking. 

7. As high and low, loud and soft, forcible and feeble, 
are comparative terms, words of one syllable pronounced 
alone, and without relation to other words or syllables, 
cannot be said to have any accent. f The only distinc- 
tion, to which such words are liable, is an elevation or 
depression of voice, when we compare the beginning with 
the end of the word or syllable. Thus a monosyllable, 
considered singly, rises from a lower to a higher tone in 
the question No ? which may therefore be called the 
acute accent, and falls from a higher to a lower tone upon 
the same word in the answer No, which may therefore be 
called the grave. But when the accented word or sylla- 
ble is associated with unaccented words or syllables, the 
acute accent is louder and higher than the preceding, and 
louder and lower than the succeeding syllables, as in the 
question, Satisfactorily did he say ? and the grave accent 
both louder and higher than either the preceding or suc- 
ceeding syllables in the answer, He said satisfactorily. 
Those who wish to see this explained more at large, may 
consult Elements of Elocution, page 183; or Rhetorical 
Grammar, 3d edit., page 77. 

8. This idea of accent is so evident, upon experiment, 
as to defy contradiction; and yet, such is the general ig- 
norance of the modifications of the voice, that we find 
those, who pretend to explain the nature of accent the 
most accurately, when they give us an example of the ac- 
cent in any particular word, suppose it always pronounc- 
ed afiirmatively and alone ;t that is, as if words were al- 
ways pronounced with one inflection of voice, and as if 
there were no difference, with respect to the nature of 
the accent, whether the word is an affirmation or a ques- 
tion, in one part of the sentence or in another; when 
nothing can be more palpable, to a correct ear, than that 
the accents of the word voluntary, in the following sen- 
tences, are essentially different: 

His resignation wnavdlvntary. 

He made a voluntary resignation. 
In both, the accent is on the first syllable. In the fir^t 
sentence, the accented sylkule is higher and louder than 



Mr. Forster falls exactly into the mistake of Mr. Sheri- 
dan, though he has a quite different idea of accent. He 
supposes liberty always pronounced by an Englishman in 
one manner, and that as a single word, or at the end of 
a sentence: he has not the least notion of the different 
inflection the same word may have, accordingly as the ac- 
cent is differently inflected, as we may plainly perceive 
in the following question . Is it liberty or licentiousness 
you plead for ? where the English raise the voice on the 
latter syllable, as the Scotch too frequently do. With 
respect to the quantity of the first syllable, which Mr. 
Forster says the Scotch preserve in this word, I must dis- 
sent from him totally; for they preserve the accent and 
alter the quantity, by pronouncing the first syllable as if 
written lecberty." If Mr. Forster calls this syllable long 
in the English pronunciation of it, I should be glad to bo 
told of a shorter accented syllable than the first of liber- 
ty : i r he says the accent being on it renders it long, I 
answer, this subverts his whole system; for if accent, 
falling on any vowel, makes it long, the quantity of the - 
Greek and Latin is overturned, and cano, in the first line 
of the yEneid, must he a spondee. 

This is theponsequencd of entering on Che discussion 
of a difficult point without first defining the terms: noth- 
ing but confusion and contradiction can ensue. 

But I must give this writer great credit for his saying 
the Scotch pronunciation abounds with the circumflex; 
for this is really the case; and the very circumflex oppo- 
site to the Greek and Latin, beginning with the grave 
and ending with the acute. lam not, however, a littlo 
astonished that this did not show him how deficient the 
ancients were in this modification of the voice, -which, 
though used too frequently in Scotland, is just as much i.i 
j the human voice as the other circumflex; and may be, 
I and is often, used in England with the utmost propriety. 
I With respect to the common circumflex on Greek, Latin, 
! and some French words, the accentual use of it is quite 
unknown, and it only stands for long quantity ; but both 
these circumflexes arc demonstrable upon the human voice 
in speaking, and may be made as evident by experiment 
as the stress of an accented syllable by pronouncing the 
word on which it is placed.— See Rhetorical Grammar, 
3d edit., page 80. 

I must just take notiee of the inaccuracy of Mr. Fors- 
ter in saying the last syllablo of liberty is short, and ye* 
that it has the circumflex accent : this is contrary to all the 
prosodvof antiquity, and contrary to the truth of thecaso 
in this instance j for it is the length of the first syllable, 
arising from the circumflex on it, which distinguishes th« 
Scotch from th« English pronunciation. 
1142 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



the other syllables j and, in the second, it is louder and 
lower than the rest. The same may be observed of the 
following question : 

Was his resignation vdluntary or involuntary 7 
where the first syllable of the word voluntary is louder 
and lower than the succeeding syllables ; and in the word 
involuntary it is louder and higher. Those, who have 
not ears sufficiently delicate to discern this difference, 
ought, never to open their lips about the acute or grave 
accent, as they are pleased to call them; let them speak 
of accent as it relates to stress only, and not to eleva- 
tion or depression of voice, and then they may speak in- 
telligibly. 

9. A want of this discernment has betrayed Mr. Fors- 
ter into obscurity and contradiction. To say nothing of 
his asserting that the English, Irish, and Scotch accents 
differ, (where accent cannot possibly mean stress, for 
then English verse would not be verse in Ireland and 
Scotland,) what shall we think of his telling us, that in 
England we pronounce the word majesty* with an acute 
accent and long quantity upon the first syllable, and the 
two last syllables with the grave accent and short quan- 
tity; and ihat in Scotland this word is pronounced with 
a grave accent and long quantity on the first syllable, and 
with an acute accent and short quantity on the last ? Now, 
if by accent be meant stress, nothing is more evident than 
that the English and Scotch, with the exception of very 
few words, place the accent on the same syllable ; but, if 
elevation be included in the idea of accent, it is as evi- 
dent that the English pronounce the first syllable louder 
and higher than the two last, when they pronounce the 
word either singly or as ending a sentence ; as, 

He spoke against the king's majesty : 
and louder and lower than the two last, when it is the 
last accented word but one in a sentence ; as, 

He spoke against the majesty of the king: 
or when it is the last word in asking a question beginning 
with a verb ; as, 

Did he dare to speak against the king's majesty ? 

10. Where, then, is the difference, it will be asked, 
between the English and Scotch pronunciation .' I answer, 
precisely in this: that the Scotch are apt to adopt the 
rising circumflex and long quantity where the English 
use the simple rising inflection and short quantity. Thus 
in tho word majesty, as well as in every other of the 
same form, they generally adopt the rising inflection, as in 
the two last sentences, whether it end a question begin- 
ning with a vorb, as, "Is this the picture of his majes- 
ty ?" or whether it end an affirmative sentence, as, 
"This is the picture of his majesty." And it is the 
prevalence of this long quantity with the rising inflection, 
that forms the principal difference between the English 
and Scotch pronunciation. 

11. Having thus endeavoured to ascertain the accent 
and quantity of our own language, let us next inquire 
into the naturo of tho accent and quantity of tho an- 
cients, i 



* Would not any one suppose, that, by Mr. Forster's 
producing this word as an example of the English accent, 
the English always pronounce it one way, and that 
as if it ended a declarative sentence ? This is exactly 
like the mistake of Priscian in the word natura. — See 
sect. '20, in the Notes. 

f So much are the criticks puzzled to reconcile the tragick 
and comick verses of the ancients to the laws of metre, that 
a learned writer in the Monthly Review, for May 1762, 
speaking of the corrections of Dr. Heath, in his notes or 
readings of the old Greek tragedians, says — 

"These emendations are much more excusable than 
such as are made merely for the sake of the metre, the 
rules of which are so extremely vague and various, as 
they are laid down by the metrical criticks, that, we will 
venture to say, any chapter in Robinson Crusoe might be 
reduced to measure by them. This is not conjecture : the 
thing shall be proved : — 

. . T , . , ( lambicus dimeter hy- 

* As I was rummagrng about her, j verca talectus 

I found several Dochmaicus 

Things that I wanted ; . 

A fire shovel and tongs, . . . 

Two brass kettles, .... 

A pot to make chocolate, . . 

Some horns of fine glaz'd powder 

A gridiron, and seve- .... 

Eal other necessaries.' . . . 



Dactylicus dimeter 
Dochmaicus ex epitri- 

to quarto et syllaba 
Dochmaicus 
Periodus brachycat- 

alectus 
Eurip ideas 
Dactylica penthimi- 

meris 
Basis anapmsiica cum 

syllaba." 



12. The long quantity of the ancients must arise either 
from a prolongation of the sound of the vowel, or from 
that delay of voice which the pronunciation of two or 
more consonants in succession are supposed naturally 
to reouire. Now, vowels were said to be either long by 
nature, or long by position. Those long by nature^ were 
such as were long, though succeeded by a single conso- 
nant, as the u in natura, and were a sort of exception to 
the general rule; for a vowel before a single consonant 
was commonly short, as in every u in the word tumulus. 
Those vowels, which were long by position, were such as 
were succeeded by two or more consonants, as the first o 
in sponsor ; but, if the long and short quantity of the 
ancients was the same distinction of the sound of the 
vowel as we make in the words cadence and magie'e, call- 
ing the first a long, and the second short, then the a in 
mater and pater§ must have been pronounced like our a in 
later and latter ; and those vowels which were long by 
position, as the a in Bacchus and campus, must have been 

I sounded by the ancients as we hear them iu the English 
words bake and came. 

13. If, therefore, the long quantity of the ancients were 
no more than a retardation of voice on the consonants, or 
that duration of sound which an assemblage of conso- 
nants is supposed naturally to produce, without making 
any alteration in the sound of the vowel, such long quan- 
tity as this an English ear has not the least idea of. Un- 
less the sound of the vowel be altered, we have not any 
conception of a Ion? or short syllable ; and the first syl- 
lables of banish, banner, and banter, have, to our ears, 
exactly the same quantity. 

14. But, if the long quantity of the ancients arose nat- 
urally from the obstruction the voice meets with in the 
pronunciation of two or more consonants, how does it 
happen that the preceding consonants do not lengthen 
the vowel as much as those which succeed '.\\ Dr. Gaily 
tells us, the reason of this is, " that the vowel being the 
most essential part of the syllable, the voice hastens tc 
seize it; and, in order to do this, it slurs over all the con- 
sonants that are placed before it, so that the voice suf 
fers little or no delay. But the case of the consonant that 
follows is not the same : it cannot be slurred over, but 
must be pronounced full and distinct, otherwise it would 
run into and be confounded with the following syllable. 
By this means the voice is delayed more in the latter than 
in the former part of the syllable, and 6t' is longer than 
arpo, and i\v longer than XirAr;. 

I must own myself at a loss to conceive Ihe force of 
this reasoning : I have always supposed the consonant, 
I when it forms part of a syllable, to be as essential to its 
j sound as the vowel: nor can 1 conceive why the latter 
I consonants of a syllable may not be pronounced as rapid- 
ly as the former, without running the former syllable into 
the latter, nnd thus confounding them together; since no 
such confusion arises when we end the first syllable with 
the vowel, and begin the following syllable with the con- 
sonants, as pro-crastino, pro-stratus', &.c, as fa this case- 
there is no consonant to stop the first syllable, and pre- 
vent its running into the second: so that Dr. Gaily seems' 
to have slurred over the matter rather than to have ex- 
plained it: but, as he is the only writer who has attempt- 
ed to account for the manner in which quantity is produc- 
ed by consonants, he is entitled to attention. 

15. In the first place, then, in words of more than one 
syllable, but one consonant can belong to the preceding 1 
vowel, as the others must necessarily be considered as 
belonging to the succeeding vowel; and, according to Dr. 
Gaily, must be hurried over, that the voice may seize its 
favourite letter. As one consonant, t herefore, does not nat- 
urally produce long quantity, where is the delay if the oth- 
er consonants are hurried over? and, consequently, where 
is the long quantity which the delay is supposed to pro- 
duce ? This is like adding two nothings together to pro- 
duce a something. 



| If the long quantity of the Greek and Latin arose 
naturally from the retardation of sound occasioned by 
the succeeding consonants, the long vowels, in this situa- 
tion, ought to have been termed long by nature ; and thosr> 
long vowels which come before single consonants should 
have been called long by custom ; since it. was nothing 
but custom made the vowel e in decus (honour) short, 
and in dedo (to give) long ; and the vowel o in ovum (an 
egg) long, and in ovo t,to triumph) short. 

$ I do not here enter into the question concerning the 
ancient sound of the Latin a, which I am convinced was 
like our a in water; but whether it were like the a in 
paper, father, or water, is not of any importance in the 
present question ; the quantity is the same, supposing it 
to have been any one of them. 

|| " Dissertation against pronouncing the Greek Lan- 
guage according to Accents."— Dissert, ii., page 50, second 
edition. 

1143 









OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



16. But what does he mean by the necessity thero is of 
pronouncing the latter consonant full and distinct, that it 
may not run into, and be confounded with, the following 
syllable? Must not every consonant be pronounced full 
and distinct, whethei w pronounce it rapidly or slowly, 
whether before or after the vowel ? Is not the str in stra- 
men pronounced as full and distinct as the same let- 
ters in castra. castrametor, &c. .' I know there is a 
shadow of difference by pronouncing the vowel in our 
short English manner so as to unite with the s, as if writ- 
ten cass ; but, if we make the preceding vowel long, as in 
case, and, according to the rules of syllabication laid 
down by Ramus, Ward, and the Latin grammarians, car- 
ry the consonants to the succeeding syllable, as if written 
cay-stray, we find these consonants pronounced exactly 
in the same manner : and this leads us to suppose that 
double consonants were the signs only, and not the effi- 
cients, of long quantity ; and that this same long quantity 
was not simply a duration of sound upon the consonants, 
but exactly what we call long quantity — a lengthening of 
the sound by pronouncing the vowel open, as if we were 
to pronounce the a long in mater, by sounding it as if 
written mayter ; and the same letter short in pater, as if 
It were written patter.* 

17. The reason of our repugnance to admit of this 
analogy of quantity in the learned languages is, that a 
diametrically opposite analogy nas been adopted in the 
English, and, I believe, in most modern tongues — an anal- 
ogy which makes the vowel long before one consonant, 
and short before more than one. 

18. If, however, the quantity of the ancients lay only 
in the vowel, which was lengthened and shortened in our 
manner by altering the souud, how strange must have 
been their poetical language, and how different from the 
words taken singly! Thus the word wee, which, taken 
singly, must have been pronounced with the vowel short, 
like our English word neck — in composition, as in the 
line of Virgil, where it is long, 

" Fulgura, nee diri toties ars&re cometJe," 

must have been pronounced as if written neek ; just, as 
differently as the words proper, of, mankind, is, and 
man, in "the line of Pope, would be pronounced by the 
same rule, — 

" The proper study of mankind is man ;" 

and as if written, 

" The propeer study ove mane-kind ees mane." 

When to this alteration of the quantity, by the means of 
succeeding consonants, we add that rule — "— 

" Finalem caesura brevem producere gaudet," 

which makes the short or doubtful vowel long, that either 
immediately precedes the caesura, or concludes the hex- 
ameter verse — what must be our astonishment at this 
very different sound of the words arising merely from a 
different collocation of them, and at the strange variety 
and ambiguity to the ear this difference must occasion !f 
19. But, if this system of quantity among the ancients 
appears strange and unaccountable, our wonder will not 



be diminished when we inquire into the nature of theli 

accent. 

20. From what has been said of accent and quantity 
in our own language, we may conclude them to be essen- 
tially distinct and perfectly separable : nor is it to be 
doubted that they were equally separable in the learned 
languages: instances of this from the scholiasts and 
commentators are innumerable ; but, so loose and indefi- 
nite are many of their expressions, so little do they seem 
acquainted with the analysis of the human voice, that a 
great number of quotations are produced to support the 
most opposite and contradictory systems. Thus Vossius, 
Henninius, and Dr. Gaily, produce a great number of 
quotations which seem to confound accent and quantity, 
by making the acute accent and long quantity signify the 
same ; while Michaelis, Melancthon, Forster, Primat, 
and many other men of learning, produce clouds of wit 
nesses from the ancients to prove that accent and quan- 
tity are essentially different.^ The only thing they seem 
to agree in is, that the acute accent always raises tho 
syllable on which it is placed higher than any other in 
the word.§ This is certainly true, in English pronuncia 
tion, if we pronounce the word singly, and terminate it 
as if no other were to follow ; but, if we pronounce it in 
a sentence, where it is the last accented word but one, or 
where it is at the end of a question beginning with a verb, 
when we suspend the voice in expectation of an answer, 
we then find the latter syllables of the word, though un- 
accented, are pronounced higher than the accented sylla 
ble in the former part of the word. See No. 7. 

21. But what are we to think of their saying, that every 
monosyllable is either acuted or circumflexed >|| If the 
acute accent signify an elevation of voice, this, with re- 
spect to words of one syllable, must mean elevated above 
some other word, either preceding or succeeding, since 
elevation is a mere comparative word ; but this is not 
once mentioned by them; if it have any meaning, there- 
fore, it must imply that the acute accent is the monosyl- 

I lable, pronounced with what I should call the rising 
inflection, or upward slide ; and then we can comprehend 
how a monosyllable may have the acute accent, without 
reference to any other word ; as, when we begin a syllable 
low, and slide it higher, or begin it high, and slide it lower, 
it may be said to be acute or grave of itself; that is, 
when it is pronounced alone, and independent of other 
words. Unless we adopt this definition cf the acute and 
grave, it will be impossible to conceive what the old 
grammarians mean, when they speak of a monosyllable 
having the grave or the acute accent. Thus Diomedes 
says, on some words changing their accent — "Si, post 
cum gravi pronunciatur accentu, erit pra?positio ; si acuto 
erit adverbium, ut longo post tempore veni." 

22. It was a canon in the prosody of the Greeks and 
Romans, that words of more than one syllable must have 
either an acute or a circumflex accent ; and that the 
other syllables, without an accent, were to be accounted 
grave : but, if this be so, what are we to think of those 
numerous monosyllables, and the final syllables of those 
dissyllables that we see marked with the grave accent ; as, 
Mh, TTpo, ciiv, Qibg, 'Avr/p, k. t. A. .' " Why, these 
words," says Mr. Forster, " whatever Dr. Gaily may con 
ceive, had certainly their elevation on the last syllable:" 
and this opinion of Mr. Forster is supported by some of 
the most respectable authorities.TT 



* What exceedingly corroborates this idea of quantity is, 
the common or doubtful vowels, as they are called ; that 
is, such as come before a mute and a liquid, as the first, a in 
patria, the e in refluo, &c. ; as in these words the vowel pre- 
ceding the mute and liquid is either long or short, as the 
writer or speaker pleases to make it ; but, if the conso- 
nants naturally retarded the sound of the syllable, so as to 
make it long, how could this be ? If the syllable was to 
be made long, did the speaker dwell longer on the conso- 
nants .'and if it was to be made short, did he hurry them 
over .' and did this make the difference in the quantity of 
these syllables ? — The utter impossibility of conceiving 
this to have been the case renders it highly probable that 
the long or short quantity lay only in the vowel. 

f- See this idea of the different sound of words, when 
taken singly, and when in composition, most excellently 
treated by the author of the Greek and Latin Prosodies, 
attributed to the present Bishop of St. Asaph, page 101. 

X Is it not astonishing that learned men will wrangle 
with each other for whole pages about the sense of a word 
in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, upon the difference be- 
tween singing and speaking sounds, when this difference 
is just as open to them by experiment as it was to him ! 
Who can sufficiently admire the confidence of Isaac Vos- 
sius, who says — " In cantu latius evagari sonos, quam in 
recitatione aut communi sermone, utpote in quo vitiorum 
habeatur, si vox ultra diapente seu tres tonos et semit >- 
nium, Hcuntur." In singing, the sound has a larger cotn- 
oasfl than in reading or common speaking, insomuch that, 



in common discourse, whatever is higher than the dia 
pente is held to be extremely vicious. 

$ Thus Priscian : " In unaquaque parte orationis arsis 
et litesis sunt vclut in hac parte natura .• ut quando dico 
natu, elevatur vox et est arsis in tu: quando vero ra de 
primitur vox et est thesis." Any one would conclude 
from this description of the rising and falling of the 
voice upon this word, that it could only be pronounced 
one way, and that there was no difference in the compai 
ative height of the vowel u in the two following sen 
tences : 

Lucretius wrote a book De Rerun Natura. 
Lucretius wrote a book De Natura Rerum. 
Whereas it is evident that the word natura is susceptible 
of two different pronunciations : in the first sentence the 
syllable tu is louder and higher than the last ; and in the 
second it is louder and lower than the last; and this con- 
founding of loud with high, and soft with low, seems to 
' be the great stumbling block, both of ancients and mod- 
erns. — See No. 7, 8, &c. 

|| Ea vero quae sunt syllabae unius crunt acuta aut flexa ; 
ne sit aliqua vox sine acuta. — Quinct. lib. i. c. 5. 

TT The seeming impossibility of reconciling accent and 

quantity made Herman Vanderhardt, the author of 8 

I small treatise, entitled, "Arcanum Accentuum Oraco- 

rum," consider the marks of Greek accentuation as re 

I ferring not to syllabick, but oratorical accent. But, as Mr 

Forster observes, if this supposition were true, we should 

1144 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



23 With respect to the power of the accent in both 
the tireek and Latin languages, nothing can be better 
established by the ancient grammarians, than that the 
acute accent did not lengthen the syllable it fell upon ; 
and that short syllables, remaining short, had often the 
acute accent. This opinion has been irrefutably main- | 
tained by Mr. Forster,* and the author of Observations 
on the Greek and Latin Prosodies; though as strenuously 
denied by Dr. Gaily, | Isaac Vossius, and Henninius ; and 
these last seem to have been persuaded of the insepara- 
ble concomitancy of the acute accent and long quantity, 
from the impossibility they supposed there was of sepa- 
rating them in any language. But, if we make our ears, 
and not. our eves, judges of quantity, can any thing be 
more palpable than the short quantity of the accented 
syllables of proselyte, anodyne, tribune, and inmate ; and 
the long quantity of the final syllables of these words .' 
And, when we pronounce the Greek and Laiin words, 
c<pd\\u>, fallo, du<po), umbo, nothing can be more evi- 
dent than the long quantity of the final vowel, though 
without tb« accent, and the short quantity of the initial 
and accented syllable. 

24. As to the long <;.iant it y arising from the succession 
of two consonants, which the ancients are uniform in | 
asserting, if it did not mean that the preceding vowel ' 
was to lengthen its sound, as we should do by pronoun- 
cing the a in scatter as we do in skater, (one who skates,) | 
I have no conception of what it meant ;| for, if it meant 
that only the time of the syllable was prolonged, the 
vowel retaining the same sound, I must confess as utter an 
inability of comprehending this source of quantity in the 
Greek and Latin as in English. Banish, banner, and 
banter, have, to our ears, the first syllable equally short : 
the same may be observed of senate, seminary, sentence, 
and sentiment ; and if, as an ingenious critick§ has as- 
serted, the ancients pronounced both the consonants in 
callidus, fallo, &c, that is, finishing one I by separating 
the tongue from the palate before the other is begun, 
such a pronunciation must necessarily augment the num- 
ber of syllables, nearly as if written cdlelidus, falelo, 
&.C., and is therefore contrary to all the rules of ancient 
prosody ; nor would this pronunciation, to our ears, give 



not meet with the same word constantly accented in the 
same manner, as we see it at present. A word's orator- 
ical accent will vary according to the general sentiment 
of the passage wherein it occurs ; hut its syllahick accent 
will be invariably the same, independent of its connexion 
with other words in the same sentence, except in the case 
of encliticks, and a few others." — Essay on Accent and 
Quantity, page 25. 

* But when Mr. Forster endeavours to explain how 
this is to be done, he has recourse to musick: — 

" Notwithstanding the reluctance of Vossius, Hen- 
ninius, and thousands after them, to admit the acute as 
compatible with a short time, if I could have them near 
me with a flute in my hand, or rather with an organ be- 
fore us, I would engage to convince them of the consis- 
tency of these two. 1 would take any two keys next to 
each other, one of which would consequently give a sound 
lower than the other : suppose the words cici6c before us, 
or aoovpiv i both which words Vossius would circumflex 
on the penultimate, instead of giving an acute to the first, 
according to our present marks: I would, conformably to 
these marks, just touch the higher key for the initial a, 
and take my finger off immediately; and then touch the 
lower key, on which I would dwell longer than 1 did on 
the higher, and that would give me a grave with a long 
time for the syllable u , the same lower key I would just 
touch again, and instantly leave it, which would give me 
n ^rave with a short time for 5e : aeiht. Now, if this 
can be done on a wind instrument within the narrow 
compass of two notes, it may be done by the organs of 
human speech, which are of the nature of a wind instru- 
ment, in ordinary pronunciation. For the sounds of our 
voice in common speech differ from those of such musical 
instruments, not in quality, hut in arithmetical discrete 
quantity or number only, as hath been observed before, 
and is confirmed by the decisive judgement of that nice 
and discerning critick. Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Here 
then is, to demonstration, an acute tone consistent with 
a short time, and a grave tone with a long one." P. 342, 
343 — To this I may add the observation made by the 
author of the Essay on the Harmony of Language .• — 
"Strange it seems, that the author of this passage 
should maintain an opinion so contrary to truth, so re- 
pugnant to h's own purpose, so belied by daily and 
hourly experience, as that the union of the acute tone 
with n short quantity seldom occurs in English pro- 
nunciation, and is hardly practicable by an English 
voice." And still more strange, I may add, is it, that 
these two authors should not see that the experiment, 
which is called a demonstration, has nothing to do with 
♦he point in question. It regards tones that rise or fall | 
144 



the least length to the preceding vowel, any more than 
the succeeding mute does in sentence and sentiment. 

25. When these observations on the accent and quan- 
tity of the ancients are all put together, shall we wonder 
that the learned and ingenious author of Elements of 
Criticism\\ should go so far as to assert, that the dactyles 
and spondees of hexameter verse, with respect to pronun- 
ciation, are merely ideal, not only with us, but that they 
were so with the ancients themselves > Few, however, 
will adopt an opinion which will necessarily imply that 
the Greek and Latin criticks were utterly ignorant of the 
nature of their own language : and every admirer of 
those excellent writers will rather embrace any explana- 
tion of accent and quantity, than give up Dionysius of 
Halicarnassus, Cicero, Quintilian, and Longinus. Sup- 
pose, then, as a last refuge, we were to try to read a Greek 
or Latin verse, both by accent and quantity, in the man- 
ner they have prescribed, and see what such a trial wiii 
produce. 

26. By quantity, let us suppose the vowel lengthened 
to express the long quantity; and by the acute accent, 
the rising inflection, as explained above. 

Tityre. tii patulae recubans sub tegmine fagi, 
Sylvestrem tenui musam meditaris avena. 

Tityre, tii patulS recubans sub tegmine fagi, 
Sylvestrem tenui musam meditaris avena. 

Teetyre too patulee recubanes soob teegmine fagi, 
Seelveestreem tenui moosame meditaris aveena. 

Mfjviv ati&t Gta Tln^nldieu) 'A^iXfjoj 
Ov\ouivr)v, 77 uvpC *A%aio7s aXve eOvKn 

Mr/wv aeio"e Qla Ilr/A/jiadcu) "A^iV^o? 
OvXdnivijv, v uvot u^aToTj aXyt iQrjKri. 

Mean-in a-eye-de The-ay Pea-lea-e-a-dyo A-kil-lea-ose 
Ow-lom-men-cen hee moo-re a-kay-oes ail-ge eth-ee-kea 

27. Now there are but four possible ways of pronoun- 
cing these verses without going into a perfect song.1I 

by perceptible intervals, and not such as rise or fall by 
slides, or imperceptible ones. Let it once be allowed that 
the Creeks and Romans sung their language, instead of 
speaking it, and then the acute or grave accent, with long 
or short quanlity. is easily conceived: but it is not 
about musical, but speaking tones that we inquire ] and, 
though the authority of Dionysius of Halicarnassus is 
cited for the nature of the speaking voice as distinct, in 
degree only, and not in kind, from singing, I boldly assert 
that this is not matter of authority but of exjieriment, 
and that singing and speaking are as distinct as motion 
and rest. It is true some motion may be so slow as not 
to be perceived ; but then it is to lie considered as rest; 
as a curve may approach so near to a right line as not to 
be distinguishable from it ; but in these cases, where the 
senses, and not the understanding, are addressed, things 
are to be estimated for just what the senses value them 
at.— De non apparentibus, et de non existentibus, eadem 
est ratio. 

f If the acute accent, or stress, as Dr. Gaily calls it, 
made the short syllable long, what becomes of the metre 
of verse i How will he scan ,: Arma virumque cano •" 

\ If the double consonants naturally made a syllable 
long, I should he glad to know how there could be excep- 
tions to this rule . How could Ammonias say, that the 
second syllable of Knrayy.a was long, when the word was 
used in one particular sense, and short in another ! And 
how could Cicero say, that the first letter of Inchitus 
was short, ami the first of Insanus and Infelix long, if 
two succeeding consonants naturally lengthened the syl 
lable • Dr. Forster, indeed, attempts to reconcile this 
contradiction, by observing that Cicero does not say, the 
first syllable uf tnclijtis is short, but the first letter ; but, 
it may be demanded, what is it that makes the syllable 
long or short, but the length or shortness of the vowel > 
If the double consonants necessarily retard the sound of 
the vowel, the second syllable of Karayua. and the first 
of inclytus, could not possibly he pronounced short; and 
particularly the latter word could not be so pronounced, 
Ij as it has the accent on the first syllable. See sect. 16, in 
1 1 the Note. 

, vj Essay upon the Harmony of Language, page 228, 

J 233. Robson, 1774. 

|| Elements of Criticism, vol. ii., page 106. See also 

■ the Essau upon the Harmony of Language, page 234. 
IT This, I may be bold to say, is coming to the point at 

j once, without hiding our ignorance by supposing that the 
ancients had some mysterious way of pronouncing, which 

I we are utterly incapable of conceiving. Mr. Sheridan tells 

us, that " the ancients did observe the distinction of ac- 

1145 






OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



one is, to pronounce the accented syllable with the falling 
inflection, and the unaccented syllable with the same in- 
flection in a lower tone, which is the way we pronounce 
our own words when we give them the accent with the 
falling inflection: the second is, to pronounce the accent- 
ed syllable with the rising inflection, and the unaccented 
syllables with the same inflection in a lower tone, which 
we never hear in our own language : the third is, to pro- 
nounce the accented syllable with the failing inflection, 
and the unaccented syllables with the rising, in a lower 
tone • and the fourth," to pronounce the accented syllable 
with the rising inflection, and the unaccented with the 
falling, in a lower tone. None of these modes but the 
first and last do we ever hear in our own language : the 
second and third seem too difficult to permit us to sup- 
pose that they could be the natural current of the human 
voice in any language. The first leaves us no possible 
means of explaining the circumflex ; but the last, by do- 
ing this, gives us the strongest reason to suppose that the 
Gr^ek and Latin acute accent was the rising inflection, 
and the grave accent the falling inflection, in a lower tone. 
28. But if the reader were sufficiently acquainted with 
these inflections of voice, or could be present while I ex- 
emplified them to him, I doubt not that he would imme- 
diately say, it was impossible so monotonous a pronun- 
ciation could be that of the Greeks and Romans :* but 
when we consider the monotony of the Scotch, Welsh, 
ami Irish, why should we wonder that other nations 
should be as monotonous.' Let us view the Greek and 
Latin pronunciation on which side we will, we must, to 
be consistent with their own rules, feel them to be ex- 
tremely monotonous. According to the laws of ancient 
prosody, every unaccented syllable must he lower than 
that which is accented ; and, if so, a most disagreeable 
monotony must necessarily ensue: for, as every word in 
Latin, and almost every word in Greek, of more than one 
syllable, ended with the grave accent, that is, in a lower 
tone than the preceding syllables, almost every word in 
those languages ended with the same tone, let that tone 
have been what it would.f 

29. I am supported in this conjecture, notwithstanding 
all the fine things^ the ancients, and many of the moderns, j 
sav of the variety and harmony of the Greek and Latin 
'languages, by the definition which they give of the ci 



cents by an elevation and depression of voice ; but the 
manner* in which they did it must remain for ever a 
secret to us; for, with the living tongue, perished the 
tones also ; which we in vain endeavour to seek for in 
their visible marks." — Lectures onFAocution, 4toedition, 
page 39. — From these and similar observations in many 
of our writers, one would be tempted to imagine, that the 
organs of speaking in ancient Greece and Rome were to- 
tally different from those of the present race of men in 
Europe. 

* Dr. Burney tells us, that Meibomius, the great and 
learned Meibomius, when prevailed upon at Stockholm 
to sing Greek strophes, set the whole court of Christina 
in a roar; as Naude did in executing a Roman dance. 
And Scaliger observes, that, if the nice tonical pronuncia- 
tion of the ancients could be expressed by a modern, it 
would be disagreeable to our ears. 

t This is certainly too general an assertion, if we con- 
sider the real pronunciation of the G reek language accord- 
ing to accent; as it must be allowed that a great number 
of Greek words were accented with tiie acute or circum- 
flex on the last syllable ; hut when we consider the modern 
pronunciation of Greek, which confounds it with the 
Latin, we shall not have occasion to recall the assertion. 
To which we may add, that those words in Greek that 
were circumflexed on the last syllable, may very properly 
be said to end with the grave accent; and that those 
which had a grave upon the final syllable altered the 
grave to an acute only when they were pronounced alone, 
when they carne before an enclitick, or when they were 
at the end of the sentence. 

% The Grecian sage, (says Dr. Burney,) according to 
Gravina, was at once a philosopher, a poet, and a musi- 
cian. " In separating these characters," says he, " they 
have all been weakened ; the system of philosophy has 
l>een contracted ; ideas have failed in poetry, and force 
and energy in song. Truth no longer subsists a.nong 
mankind: the philosopher speaks not at present through 
the medium of poetry; nor i9 poetry heard any more 
through the vehicle of melody." — " Now, to my appre- 
hension," says Dr. Burney, " the reverse of all this is 
exactly true: for, by being separated, each of these pro- 
fessions receives a degree of cultivation which fortifies 
and renders it more powerful, if not more illustrious. 
The musick of ancient philosophers, and the philosophy of 
modern musicians, I take to be pretty equal in excel- 
lence." — History of Musick, vol. i. page 162. — Here we 
«ee good sense and sound philosophy contrasted with the 



cumflex accent; which is, that it was a combination of 
the acute and grave upon the same syllable. This is so 
incomprehensible to modern ears, that scarcely any one 
but the author of the present Observations has attempted 
to explain it by experiment. It stands for nothing but 
long quantity in all our schools ; and, contrary to the 
clearest testimonies of antiquity, it has, by Dr. Gally§ 
and a late respectable writer on the Greek and Latin 
Prosodies, been explained away into nothing more than 
the acute accent. But, if it means a raising and falling 
of the voice upon the same syllable, which is the defini- 
tion the ancients uniformly give of it, it is just as easy to 
conceive as a raising and falling of the voice uponsucces 
sive syllables ; or, in other words, a-* going from a lower 
tone to a higher upon one syllable, and from a higher to 
a lower upon the next : and this consideration leads me 
to conjecture, that the acute accent of the ancients was 
really the rising inflection, or upward slide ?f the voice ; 
for, this being. once supposed, nothing is so easy as to 
demonstrate the circumflex in our own language ; which, 
without this clew, it will be impossible t^ do in the an- 
cient languages; and, even with it, we must ie astonished 
they had but one circumflex; since it is just as easy to 
fall and raise the voice upon the same syllable, as to 
raise and fall it.|| 

30. But our wonder at these peculiarities of the Greek 
and Latin languages will cease, when we turn our 
thoughts to the dramatick performances of the people 
who spoke these languages. Can any thing astonish us 
more than that all their tragedies and comedies were set 
to musick, and actually accompanied by musical instru 
ments.' How is our laughter, as well as our wonder, 
excited, when we are told that sometimes one actor ges- 
ticulated while another recited a speech, and that the 
greater admiration was bestowed upon the former! Nay, 
to raise the ridicule to the highest pitch, we are informed 
that actors in their speeches, and the chorus in their 
songs, accompanied the performances by dancing; that 
the actors wore masks lined with brass, to give an echo- 
ing sound to the voice, and that these masks were mark- 
ed with one passion on one side, and with a contrary 
passion on the other; and that the actor turned that side 
to the spectators which corresponded to the passion of 
the speech he was reciting. These extraordinary cir- 



blind admiration and empty flourish of an overgrown 
schoolboy concluding his theme. 

§ Dissertation against Greek Jlccents, page 53. 

|| To add to our astonishment, that the Greek and Latin 
languages had but one circumflex, what can be more 
wonderful, than that, among so many of the ancients, 
who have written on the causes of eloquence, and who 
have descendei to such trifling and childish observations 
upon the importance of letters and syllables, we should 
not find a single author who has taken notice of the im- 
portance of emphasis upon a single word .' Our modern 
books of elocution abound with instances of the change 
producod in the sense of a sentence by changing the 
place of the emphasis : but no such instance appears 
among the ancients ; not one poor Will you ride to town 
to day ! 

Our wonder will increase when we consider that the 
ancients frequently mention the different meaning of a 
word as it was differently accented ; that is, as the acuto 
or circumflex was placed upon one syllable or another : 
but they never hint that the sense of a sentence is altered 
by an emphasis being placed upon different words. The 
ambiguity arising from the same word being differently 
accented is so happily exemplified by the author of the 
I Greek and Latin Prosodies, that I shall use his words: — 
"Alexander Aphrodisiensis illustrates this species of 
sophism, by a well-chosen example of a law, in which the 
sense depends entirely upon the accuracy of accentuation. 
'Eratpa xpvcria el tyopoir) Sriftdo-ia earw. The word 
Srjudaia, with the acute accent upon the antepenult, is 
the neuter nominative plural, in apposition with ^ovo'ia. 
And the sense is, ' If a courtesan wear golden trinkets, let 
them (viz. her golden trinkets) be forfeited to the publick 
use.' But if the accent be advanced to the penult, the 
word, without any other change, becomes the feminine 
nominative singular, and must be taken in apposition 
with haipa. And thus the sense will be, ' If a courtesan 
wear golden trinkets, let her become publick property.' 
This is a very notable instance of the political impor- 
tance of accents, of written accents, in the Gieek lan- 
guage. For, if this law had been put in writing with- 
out any accent upon the word Swfido-ia, there would 
have been no means of deciding between two construc- 
tions ; either of which, the words, in this state, would 
equally have admitted: and it must have remained an 
inexplicable doubt, whether the legislator meant, that the 
poor woman should only forfeit her trinkets, or become a 
publick slave." 

114S 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



cumstances are not gathered from obscure passages of 
the ancients, picked up here and there, but are brought to 
us by the general and"united voice of all antiquity; and 
therefore, however surprising, or even ridiculous, they 
may seem, are undoubtedly true. 

31. Perhaps it will he said, Is it possible that those who 
have left us such proofs of their good sense, and exquisite 
taste, in their writings, statues, medals, and seals, could 
be 90 absurd in their dramatick representations .' The 
thing n wonderful, it may be answered ; but not more 
so than that they should not have seen the use of stir- 



make mere speaking, though with the utmost energy, ap- 
pear flat and insipid. Let the human voice be but in a 
line tone, and let this tone be intensely impassioned, and 
it will infallibly, as Milton expresses it, 

take the prison'd soul, 



And lap it in Elysium 



33. What may tend to reconcile us still more to this 
dramatick musick, is the sing-song manner, as it is 
called, of pronouncing tragedy, which very generally 
prevailed before the time of Mr. Garrick, and which now 
rups in riding, of the polarity of the loadstone in sailing, prevails among some classes of speakers, and is preferred 
and of several other modern discoveries, which seem to j by them to what we call the more natural manner, 
have stared them full in the face without their perceiving [ ! This drawling, undulating pronunciation, is what the 



it.* But is there any thing more common than to find 
not only individuals, but a whole people, who, though j 
remarkably excellent in some things, are surprisingly de- j 
ficicnt in others .' So true is the observation of Middleton, | 
who, speaking of those who have written on the pronun- ! 
ciation of the Greek and Latin languages, says: " Ab |( 
illis vero scriptoribus etsi plurima ingeniose atque eru- jj 
dite disputata sint, nonnuila tafhen deesse, multa dubie, 
qutedarn etiam falso posita animadverti ; idque hac in 
causa accidisse, quod mcaeteris plerisquesolct, ut morta- 
lium nemini detur rem invenisse simul et perfecisse. — 
De Lat. Lit. Pronun. 

32. That singing a part in a tragedy should seem so 
unnaturalf to us, arises chiefly ffo*m our being so little 
accustomed to it. Singing in the pulpit seems to the 

full as extraordinary; and yet thi^ong was so powerful cented syllable long, as in the words qualify, specify, 
about a century or two ago, and I*fer ' 



actors generally burlesque by repeating the line, 

Turn ti turn ti, turn ti turn ti turn ti : 
and though this mode of declamation is now so much 
despised, it is highly probable that it was formerly held 
in estimation. $ 

31. A'ow, if we suppose this drawling pronunciation, 
which, though very sonorous, is precisely speaking, and 
essentially different from singing; if we suppose this to 
have been the conversation pronunciation of the Greeks 
and Romans, it may possibly throw some light upon the 
manner in which they pronounced by accent and quan- 
tity at the same time; for, though we can sufficiently 
conceive that, in common speaking, in our own language, 
we can make the accented syllable short, and the unac- 



were utterly ignorant of punctuationf and that there was 
not the least space between words or sentences, but that j 
there was an equal continuation of letters, which the | 
reader was obliged to decipher, without any assistance j 
from points or distances. Without the clearest evidence, ! 
could we suppose, that, while composition had reached [ 
perfection it had done in Greece, orthography was in 



a state of barbarity worthy of the Cape of Good Hope 

Can any thing give us a more ludicrous idea than the 
practice of the ancients in sometimes splitting a word at 
the end of the line, and commencing the next line with 
the latter part of the word I This must have been 
nearly as ridiculous as the following English verses in 
imitation of this absurd practice: — 

Pyrrhus, you tempt a danger high. 

When you would steal from angry li- 

Oness her cubs, and soon shall fly 

inglorious. 

For know the Romans you shall find 

By virtue more and generous kind- 

Ness, than by force or fortune blind, 

victorious. 
Notwithstanding the hackneyed epithet of Got hick bar- 
barity applied to verse in rhyme, is it not wonderful that 
a species of versification, approved by Italy, France, and 
England, in their best periods of poetry, should never 
once have been tried by the Greeks and Romans; — that 
they should never have straggled, either by chance or for 
the sake of change, into so pleasing a jingle of sounds .' 
They who would write poems, and so lengthen or shorten 
the fines as to form axes, wings, and altars, might, with- 
out any imputation on their taste, have, now and then, 
condescended to rhyme. In short, that the ancients 
should never have slid into rhyme, i* a circumstance 
which would never have been believed, had it been possi- 
ble to doubt i! : and I fear it must be classed with that 
long catalogue of unaccountables, with which their pros- 
ody, their rhetorick, and their drama, abound. 

| Perhaps our unwillingness to believe that the ancient 
dramas were set to musick, arises from a very mistaken 
notion we have of their skill in that art. It is true wo 
have not the same materials for judging of their musick 
as we have of their poetry and sculpture; hut their ig- 
norance of counterpoint, and the poverty of their instru- 
ments, sufficiently show what little progress they had 
made in it. Those very few remains of their musick, 



Scotland,^ as to [j elbow, inmate, &c. ; yet, in the drawling pronunciation 

* We have the strongest proof in the world that the j| "I know not whether justice has been done to theso 
ancient Greeks made use only of capital letters, that they M melodies: all lean say is. that no pains have been spared 

to place them in the "clearest and most favourable point 
of view : ami yet, with all the advantages of modern 
note* and modern measures, if I had been told that they 
came from the Chcrokecs or the Hottentots, I should not 
have been surpria -<\ at their excellence. 

"I have tried them in every key and in every measure 
that the feet of the verses would allow; and, as it has 
: been the opinion of some, that the Greek scale and mu- 
sick should bo read Hebrew-wise, I have even inverted 
1 1 the order of the notes, but without being able to aug- 
I ment their grace and elegance. The most charitable sup- 
position that can be admitted concerning them is, that 
, the Greek language, being itself accentuated ami sono- 
I rous, wanted less assistance from musical refinements 
| than one that was more harsh and rough; and musick, 
Still a slave to poetry, and wholly governed by its 
feet, derived all it> merit and effects from the excellence 
- of the voice that sung, or 
rather recited it ; for mellifluous and affecting voices 
nature bestow-;, from time to time, on some gifted mor- 
tals in all the habitable regions of the earth : and even the 
natural effusions of these musl ever have been heard with 
delight. But, as musick, there needs no other proof of 
the poverty of ancient melody, than its being confined to 
long and short syllables. We have some airs of the most 
gtaceful and pleasing kind, which will suit no arrange- 
ment of syllables to be found in any poetical numbers, 
ancient or modern, and which it is impossible to express 
by mere syllables in any language with which I am at all 
acquainted. " 

Dr. Burney's conjecture, that the Greek musick was 
entirely subservient to verse, accounts for the little atten- 
tion which was paid to it in a separate state ; it accounts 
for the effects with which their musick was accompanied, 
and for the total useleesness of counterpoint. Simple mel- 
ody is the fittest musick to accompany words, when we 
wish to understand what is sun;:: simple melody is the 
musick of the great bulk of mankind : Bind simple melody 
is never undervalued, till the car has been sufficiently 
I disciplined to discover the hidden melody, which is still 
essential to the most complicated and elaborate harmony. 

X The Rev. Mr. Whitfield was a highly animated and 
energetick preacher, without the least tincture of that 
tone which is called canting. When he went to Scot- 
land, where this tone was in high estimation, though his 
doctrine was in perfect unison with that of his auditors, 
his simple and natural, though earnest manner of speak- 

H* 



in it. 
which have reached us" confirm us in this conjecture; |j ing, was looked upon, at first, as a great defect 
and it is to the indefatigable pains of so good a scholar, ^ wanted, they said, the holy tone 
and so excellent a musician, as Dr. Burney, that we are 
indebted for an illustration of it. 

"At the end of a Greek edition of the astronomical 
poet, Aratus, ealled Phenomena," says Dr. Burney, "and 
their Scholia, published at Oxford in 1762, the anony- 
mous editor, supposed to be Dr. John Fell, among several 
other pieces, has enriched the volume with three hymns, 
which he supposed to have been written by a Greek poet 
-called Dionysius; of which the first is addressed to the 
muse Calliope, the second to Apollo, and the third to 



$ This cant, which, though disgustful now to all but 
I mere rusticks. on account of its being out of fashion, was 

very probably the favourite modulation in which heroick 
| verses were recited by our ancestors. Sp fluctuating are 
i the taste and practices of mankind ! But whether the 
j power of language has received any advantage from the 
; change just mentioned (namely, pronouncing words in a 
j more simple manner) will appear at least very doub*<ul. 

when we recollect the stories of its former triumphs, and 



Nemesis; and these hymns are accompanied with the ; the inherent charms of musical sounds — The Art of 



notes of ancient musick to which they used to ba sung. J delivering 



Written Language, paga 
1M7 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREEK AND LATIN ACCENT. 



we havo been speaking of, the long unaccented vowels in . 
these words are made much longer, and consequent?y 
more perceptible. 

35. But, if the accent of our language is so different, 
from that of the Greek and Latin, our pronunciation 
must necessarily be very different likewise. The acute 
accent of the ancients being always higher than either 
the preceding or succeeding syllables, and our accent, 
though always higher than the preceding, being some- 
times lower than the succeeding syllables, (see sect. 7,) 
there must certainly be a wide difference between our 
pronunciation and theirs. Let us, however, explain the 
Greek and Latin accent as we will, — let it be by singing, 
drawling, or common speaking, — it will be impossible to 
tell how a monotony could be avoided, when almost every 
word, of more than one syllable, in these languages must 
necessarily have ended in the same tone, or, if you will, 
with the same grave accent.* 

36. After all, that the Greeks and Romans, in explain- I 
ing the causes of metrical and prosaick harmony, should ; 
sometimes descend to such minute particulars! as appear i 
to us trifling and imaginary, and at the same time neg- i 
lect things which appear to us so essential ; — that they 
should be so dark, and sometimes so contradictory, in j 
their account of accent and quantity, as to furnish oppo- j 
site systems among the modems with ample quotations . 
in favour of each; — is this more wonderful than that Mr. i 
Sheridan.,;); who was so good an actor, and who had spent | 
so much time in studying and writing on elocution, j 



should say that accent was only a louder pronunciation 
of the accented syllable, and not a higher > But, as this 
same Mr. Sheridan, in his Art of Reading, has excel- 
lently observed, that our perception of Latin quantity 
is imaginary, and arises not from the ear, but only from 
association, like spelling; so it may be observed, that the 
confusion and obscurity which reign among all our wri- 
ters on accent and quantity, seem to arise from an ideal 
perception of long quantity produced by double conso- 
nants ; from confounding stress and quantity, which are 
so totally different; and from mistaking loud for high, 
and sofi for low, contrary to the clearest definitions of 
each.§ 

37. But till the human voice, which is the same in all 
ages and nations, is more studied and better understood, 
and tul a notation of speaking sounds is adopted, I de- 
spair of conveying my ideas of this subject with sufficient 
clearness upon paper, f have, however, marked such an 
outline as may be easily filled up by those who study- 
speaking with half the, attention they must do musick. 
From an entire conviction that the ancients had a nota- 
tion of speaking sounds, and from the actual experience 
of having formed one myself, I think I can foresee that 
9ome future philosophical inquirer, with more learning, 
more leisure, and more credit with the world than I have, 
will be able to unravel this mystery in letters, which has 
so long been the oppq/rfyrium et crux grammaticorum, the 
reproach and torment of grammarians. 



* Where was all that endless variety with which the 
moderns puff off the Greek language, when it had but | 
one circumflex i The human voice is just as capable of 
falling and rising upon the same syllable as rising and 
falling; and why ?o palpable a combination of sounds as 
the former should be utterly unknown to the Greeks and 
Latins, can be resolved into nothing but (horresco refe- 
rens) their ignorance of the principles of human speech. 

f Nee ilTi (Demostheni) turpe videbatur vel optimis 
relictis magistris ad canes se conferre, et ab illis p liters | 
vim et naturam petere, illorumque in sonando, quod satis 
esset, morem imitari. — Ad. Mekcr. de vet. et rect. Pron. 
Ling. Graces, page 14. 

It is an observation of Chambers, author of the Cyclo- j 
pffidia, that nonsense sounds worse in the English than j 
in any other language: let us try the experiment by J 
translating the above passage: — "Nor did Demosthenes! 
think it below him to leave the company of the most) 
respectable people of Athens, and go to the dogs, in order 
to learn from them the nature of the letter r, and, by ob- 
serving the sound they gave it, to imitate, as much as 
was necessary, their manner of pronouncing it." 

What encomiums do we meet with in Cicero, of the 
ielicacy of the ears even of the common people of Rome! 
who, if an actor on the stage made the least errour in ac- 
cent or quantity, were immediately sensible of it, and 
would express their disapprobation. But I am apt to 
think that an English actor, who should pronounce thea- 
tre, senator, or conquest, with the accent on the second 
syllable, would not escape better than the Roman. 

I "The Scotchman utters the first syllable of battle, 
iorroio, habit, in the middle tone, dwelling on the vowel ; 
and the second with a sudden elevation of the voice, and 
short ; as, ba-tle, bau-rd,ha-bit. The Englishman utters 
both syllables without any perceptible change of tone, 
aryl in equal time ; as, bat'-tle, bor'-row, hab'-iV — Art of 
Reading, page 77. — The smallest degree of attention 
might have taught Mr. Sheridan, that, though this is the 
prevailing, it is not the invariable pronunciation of a 
Scotchman ; and that this elevation of voice, though 
more perceptible in a Scotchman from his drawling out 



his tones, is no less real in an Englishman, who pro- 
nounces them quicker, and uses them less frequently; 
that is, he mixes* the downward inflection with them, 
which produces a^.ariety. But these two inflections of 
voice Mr. Sheridan.'was an utter stranger to. — See FAe- 
ments of Elocution, part ii. page 183. 

§ Nothing is more fallacious than that perception we 
seem to have of the sound of words being expressive of 
the ideas, and becoming, as Pope calls it, an echo to the 
sense. This coincidence, as Dr. Johnson observes in one 
of his Ramblers, seldom exists any where but in the 
imagination of the reader. Dryden, who often wrote as 
carelessly as he thought, and often thought as carelessly 
as he lived, began a commendation of the sweetness and 
smoothness of two lines of Denham in praise of the 
Thames — 

" Though deep yet cleav, though gentle yet not dull ; 
" Strong without rage, without o'erflowing full :" 

and this commendation of Dryden's has been echoed by 
all subsequent writers, who have taken it for granted, that 
there is a flow in the lines similar to that of the object 
described ; while the least attention to those stops, so 
necessary on the accented and antithetick words, will 
soon convince us, that, however expressive the lines 
may be, they are as rugged, and as little musical, as 
almost any in the language. 

A celebrated critick observes — " I am apt to think the 
harmony of the verse wa9 a secret to Mr. Dryden, sinco 
it is evident he was not acquainted with the cresural 
stops, by which all numbers are harmonized. Dr. Bentley 
has observed, the beauty of the second verse consists in 
the ictus that sounds on the first syllable of the verse, 
which, in English heroicks, should sound on the second: 
for this verse is derived from the Trimeter fambick, Br a- 
chycatalectick." — Manwaring's Stichology, page 71. 

When I read such profound observations in such (earn- 
ed terms, it. brings to my mind the Mock Doctor in the 
farce, who shines away to the illiterate knight by repeat- 
ing Propria qum maribus, &c, and makes him most pa 
thetically exclaim— Oft, why did I negltct my studies I 
1148 



A LIST 



MOST OF THE AUTHORS CITED AS AUTHORITIES IN THIS 

DICTIONARY. 



Aboot, Dr. G., Abp. . . 

Addison, Joseph . . . 

Addison, Launcelot, D. D. 

Ady,J 

Ainsworth, Rob., IM. and Eng 
Akenside, Mark, Poet . . . 

Alexander, Sir W 

Allen, W 

Allestree, R., D. D 

Anderson, A 

Anderlon, W 

Andrewes, or Andrews, L., Bp. 

Arbuthnot, J., M. D. . . 

Arnald, Rich 

Arnway, Archdeacon . . . 

Ascham, R 

Ash, Dr., Eng. Diet 

Ashmole, Elias \ 

Ashton, Dr 

Astle, Tho 

Atkins, John 

Atterbury, Fr., D. D < 

Aubrey, John 1 

Austin, W 

Avison, W 

Ayliffe, Dr. J 

Bacon, Francis, Lord . . . .< 

Bailev, N., Eng. Diet .' 

Bakef, T 

Bale, John, Bp \ 

Bales, Peter 

Bancroft, Dr. R , Abp 

Barclay, Alex 

Barel, or Barret, J 

Baringii, D. E 

Barlow, Dr. T., Bp \ 

Barnard, John, D. D 

Barnefield, R., Poet .... 

Baron, R., Poet 

Barrington, Hon. D 

Barrow, Isaac, D. D 

Baxter, W., Gloss. Antiq. Brit. . . 

Baxter, Andrew 

Beaumont and Fletcher, Com. fy Trag 

Bedell, W., Bp j 

Bedwell, W 

Bell, J 

Benefield, S., D. D 

Bentlky, Dr. Rich < 



Reign inwhich 
the author 
wrote. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. II. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. II. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Hen. VIII. 
Edw. VI. 
Mar}-. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. III. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. 11. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Anne. 

Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Anne. 
Hen. VIII. 
Edw. VI. 
ElizabeUi. 
James I. 
Hen. VII. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
James I. 
Ch. 1. 
James I. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 



Berington, J 

Berkeley, Dr. G., Bp. . 

Betterton, T 

Bible, Authorized Version 

Bingham, Jos 

Birch, Dr. Th 

Blackburn, F., Archdeacon 
Blackmore, Sir Rich., Poet 

Blackstone. Sir W. . . . 



Blackwall, A 

Blair, R., Poet . . . 
Blair, Hugh, D. D. . 

Blount, T 

Blunt, or Blount, Sir H. 
Bodley, Sir T. . . 
Bojran, Zach. . . . 



Bolingbroke, Hen., Viscount . . < 

Bolton, Rob 

Book of Common Prayer .... 

Boswell, James 

Boucher, J., Supplement to Johnson's ~) 
Diet., and Gloss. Obsolete and Pro- > 
tiiicuil Words ) 

Bourne, Rev. Mr 

Boyle, Hon. Rob 

Boyle, Hon. Ch 

Bovle, J. See Orrery. 

Brady, Dr. R 

Braithwait, R. Poems 

Bramfaall, Dr. R., Abp 

Bramston,W 

Brand, J 

Bray, T., D. D. . 

Brerewood, Edw 

Breton. N 

Brevint, Sam., D. D 

Brewer, J 

Brigant, M. Le 

Bright, T 

Brisman, N., Sued. Lexicon . . . 

Brockett. I. T., Glossary of North ) 
Country Words ) 

Brooke, Fulke, Lord, Tragedies 

Brome, or Broome, R. Plays . . 

Brown, or Browne, Sir Tho. . . . 

Brown, Dr. E 

Browne, J. H., Poems 

Bruce, James 

Brune, Rob. de, Poet . < 



Bryant, Jacob . .... 
Bryskett, Lod 

Buck, Sir G 

Buckingham, G., Duke of . . 
Buckingham, J., Duke of, Poems 

Bull, Dr. G., Bp 

Bullokar, J 

Bulwer, J. . 



jR eign in which 
the author 

wrote. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Elizabeth. 
Commonw 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Edw. VI. 
Geo. 111. 

Geo. m. 

Geo. II. 
Ch. 11. 
Wm. Ill 

Ch. II. 
I James I. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. 111. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Elizabeth 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth 
Geo. Ill 

Geo. rV 

James I 
Ch. I. 
Ch, 5. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Edw. II. 
Edw. III. 
Rich. II. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Elizabeth 
James I 
Ch.I 



1149 



I 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 



Burgess, Dr. T., Bp. 
Burke, Edmund 



Burnet, Dr. Gilbert, Bp. 

Burnet, Dr. T. 
Burney, Dr. C. 
Burrow, Sir J. 
Burton, Rob. . 
Butler, Ch. . . 
Butler, Sam., Hudibras 
Butler, Dr. Jos., Bp. 



Calamy, Benj., D. D. . . . 

Callander, J 

Calmet, Augustine, Tr. ■ . 

Camden, Wm 

Campbell, Dr. T 

Cange, Du, C 

Carevv, Rich 

Carew, Th., Poems .... 

Carey, Hen 

Carlton, Sir Dudl 

Carpentier, Pet 

Carr, W 

Casaubon, Meric, D. D. . . 
Caseneuve, Pet. de . . . . 
Castelli, B., Diet. Quart. Ling. 

Cave, Dr. W 

Cavendish, Sir Wm. . . . 

Caxton, Wm 

Chalmers, G. . . / . . . 
Chambers, Eph., Cyclopoedia 

Chandler, Sam., D. D. 



Chapman, Geo j 

Charles I., King 

Chaucer Geoffrey, Poet . .< 

Chesterfield, P., Earl of .... 

Cheyne, Dr. G 

Child, Sir Jos 

Chillingworth, Wm. .... 

Chilmead, Edm j 

Churchyard, Tho., Poems . . . 

Churton, Rev. Archd 

Cibber, C 

Claggett, Wm., D. D 

Clarendon, Ed., Earl of . . 
Clarendon, Hen., Earl of . . . . 

Clarke, Dr, Sara 

Clayton, J 

Claver, W. 

Cleaveland, or Clieveland, J., Poems, ( 

4* 

Gierke, R,. D. D 

Cockburn, J., D. D 

Cocker, Edw 

Cockeram, H, Eng. Diet. . . . 
Coles, E., Eng. Diet 

Collier, Rev. Jer < 

Collins, Wm., Poet 

Collyer, David 

Compton, Dr. H., Bp 

Congreve, Wm., Poet < 

Conybeare, Dr. J., Bp 

Cooper, Dr. R., Bp 

Corbet, Dr, R., Bp 

Cornwallis, Sir W 

Cosh;, Dr. J., Bp 

Costard, G 

Cotgrave, R., Diet. Fr. and Eng. . 

Cotton, C, Poems 

Court de Gebelin, N 



Reign. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Jam. II. 
Wm. Ill, 
Anne. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. HI. 
James I. 
Ch.I. 
Commonw 
Geo. II. 



Ch. II. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. I. 

James I. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. I. 

Elizabeth. 

Ch.I. 

Geo. 1. 

James I. 

Geo. III. 

Wm. III. 

Ch. II. 

Wm. III. 

Anne. 

Ch. II. 

Hen. VIII. 

Hen. VI. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. II. 

Geo. I. 

Geo. II. 

Geo. III. 

Elizabeth. 

James I. 

Ch.I. 

Edw. III. 

Rich. II. 
Hen. IV. 

Geo. II. 

Geo. I. 

Wm. III. 

Ch.I. 

Ch.I. 
Commonw. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Geo. I. 
Commonw. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Commonw. 
James I. 
Ch. II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch.I. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 



Coventry, H 

Coverdale, Miles, D. D. 
Cowel, Dr. J 

I Cowley, Abr., Poet . 



Cowper, Wm., Poet 
Cox, Sir R. . . 
Crabbe, Rev. Geo., 
Cra^ii.T. . . . 



Cranmer, Tho 

Crashaw, Rich., Pi 
Creech, Rev. Th 
Croft, Dr. Herber 
Crowe, Rev 

Crowley, Rev. 

Croxall, Dr. Sa 
Cudworth, Ralp 
Cumberland, R 
Curteys, Dr. 



Dalgarno, 
Daniel, Sam 



Davenant, 



Davies, Sir MRt/F, Poems, fyc. 

Davies, J., Poems 

Davors, J., Poem 

Dawberry, Hj 

Dawson, B., LL. D 

Decker, Tho., Plays and Tracts 
Defoe, B. N., Eng. Diet. . . . 

Defoe, Daniel 

Delany, Patrick, D. D. . . . 

Denham, Sir John, Poems . . 

Dennis, John, Poems, fyc. . . 
Derham, Wm., D. D 



Dering, Edward . . 
Dering, Sir Edw. 
D'Ewes, Sir Sim. 

Digby, Sir Kenelm . 
Doddridge, Dr. Philip 

Dodsley, Rob. . . 

Donne, Dr. J. . . . 



Dorrington, Rev. Theoph. 

Dorset, Ch., EaVl of, Poems 

Douce, Francis .... 

Downing, C 

Drant, T 



Drayton, Michael, Poems . 

Drummond, Wm., Poems . 
Drummond, Alex. . . . 



Dryden, John, Poet . . 

Duncombe, Rev. W., Poems 

Dunton, John 

Durell, David, D. D. . . 
Duppa, Dr. Brian, Bp. . . 
Dyer, John, Poems . . . 




Earle, Dr. J., Bp 

Earbery, Rev. Math V, 

Echard, Rev. Laurence . . . .fe 

Ecton,W • . . . , 

Edwards, T ■ . . / 

Edwards, Bryan 

Edwards, Thomas A 

Ellis, J., D. D I 

1150 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 



Ellis, George 

Ellys, Dr. A., Bp 

Elphinston, J 

Elyot, SirTho 

Enderbie, Percy 

Eusden, Rev. Laurence, Poems . . 

Evelyn, John 

Fairfax, Edw 

Fanshaw, or Fanshawe, Sir Rj Poet 

Farindon, or Faringdon, A., 11 D. 
Farmer, Rich., D. I). . . W . 

Farquhar, Geo., Comedies .^B . 

Favour, John, D. D. . . .^f . 
Featley, Dr. Dan. . . . 

Feally, J 

Fell, Dr. J., Bp 

Feltham, or Felltham, Owen 
Felton, lien., D. D. . . . 
Fenlon, Elijah, Poems . . 

Ferriar, Dr 

Fiddes, Rich., D. D. . . 

Field, Dr. R A 

Finett, Sir John ^% 

Fisher, Dr. John, Bp. . .j^ 

Fitz-Geffrey, Ch., Poems . . .^| 

Fleclvvood, Dr. W., Bp $ 

Fletcher, Phineas, Poems .... 
Fletcher, Giles, Poem 

Florio, J., Diet. Hal. aid Eng. . . \ 

Floyer, Dr 

Forbes, Duncan, Lord 

Ford, or Forde, Tho., Plays . . . 

Fordyce, Sir W 

Fortescue, Sir John 

Fortescue-Aland, J 

Fotherby, Dr. Martin, Bp 

Fox, John 

Francis, Phil., D. D 

Fulke, W., D. D j 

Fuller, Tho., D. D 



Gardiner, Dr. S., Bp. . 
Garrick, David, Plays, <$•< 
Garth, Sir Sam. . . . 
Gasooigne, Geo., Poems 
G a taker, Rev. T. . . 

Gauden, J., D. P., Bp. 



Gay, John, Poet . . 

Gavton, Edm. . . . 
Geddes, Dr. M. . . 
Geddes, Dr. A. . . 
Gerard, or Gerrarde, John 
Gibbon, Edward . . . . 
Gibson, Edm., D. D., Bp. 
Gilford. Humphrey, Poems 
Gil, or Gill, Dr. Alex. 
Gilpin, Wm. . . . 
Glanville, Joseph 
Gloucester, Robert of 
Glover, Rich., Poet . 



Goldsmith, Dr. O Poems, fyc, 
Goodman, J., D. D. . 

Googe.B 

Gosson, Stephen . . 



Gower, John, Poet . 

Grainger, Dr. James, Poems 
Granger, Thomas . . . 
Granger, J 



Reign. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Henry VIII. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. I. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 



Elizabeth. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. 1. 
Geo. III. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. III. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Commonw. 
Henry VIII. 
Ch. I. 
Win. III. 
Anne. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. I. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. III. 
Henry VII. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 



Edw. VI. 
Geo. II. 
Wm. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. T. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Commonw. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Henry HI. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. I. 
Elizabeth. 
Elizabeth. 
Edw. HI. 
Rich. II. 
Henry IV. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Geo. HI. 



Granville, G., Lord Lansdcan 

Poems, 8fC. . 
Grassineau, J., Music. Did 
Graunt, John . . . 
Graves, Rev. R. . . 

Gray, Thomas, Poet 

Gray, Rob., D. D. . 
Green, Matth., Poem 
Green, or Greene, Dr 
Greenhill, T. . . . 
Greenwood, James . 
Gregory, John . . 
Gregory, Fr., D. D. 
Grew, Dr. N. . . . 
Grey, Dr. Zach. . . 

Griffith, Dr. M. . . 



J.,Bp 



Grimoald, Rev. N., Poevzs 
Grose, Fr., Provincial Glossary 
Guthrie, Wm 



Habinglon, Wm., Poems 
Hacket, Dr. J., Bp. . . 
Hakewill, George, D. D. 

Hale, Sir Matthew . . 

Hales, John, D. D. . . 
Hales, Stephen, D. D. . 
Halhed, N. B. . . 
Halifax. Geo., Marquis of 

Hall, Dr. Joseph, Bp. . 

Hall, John, Poems . . 
Ilallywcll, Rev. Hen. . 

Hammond, Henry, D. D 

Hanmer, Sir Tho. . . 
Harington, or Harrington, 

Harmer, J., D. D. . . 



Sir 



Harris, James . . . 

Hart, John .... 
j Harte, Rev. Walter, Poems 

Hartlib, Samuel. . . . 
I Harvey, Dr. Wm. . . 
j Haslain, John .... 

Hawes, Stephen, Poems 

Hawkcswortb, Dr. J. 



Hawkins, Sir J. . 
Hawkins. Sir R. . 
Hawkins, Rev. T. 
Hay, Wm. . . . 
Hayward, Sir John 
Headley, Rev. Hen., Poems 
Heath, James . . . 
Heathcote, Rev. Ralph 
Heber, Reginald, D. D., Bp. 
Henry, Dr. Robert . . 
Henshall, Rev. Sam. 
Henshaw, Dr. Joseph, Bp. 
Herbert, Edw., Lord 
Herbert, Sir Tho. . . 
Herbert, Rev. Geo., Poems 
Herrick, Rob., Poems 

Hewyt, Dr. John . . 

Hcylin, Peter, D. D. 
Heyvvood, John, Poems 
Hey wood, Tho. . . 
Hickes, G., D. D., 
Septentrionalium Thesau 

Higden, R 

Hildrop, Rev. John . . 

Hill, Abraham . . . 



Hill, Aaron, Poems . . 

Hill, Sir John . . . . 
Hoadley, Rev. Dr. John 
1151 



Lingvarum 



tteign 
James II. 
Wm. HI. 
Geo. in. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. Ill 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Henry VIIL 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 



Ch. I. 
Ch. 1. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Elizabeth 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. III. 
Henry VII 
Geo. "II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Geo. Ill 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Commonw 
Geo. II. 
Geo. IV. 
Geo. 111. 
Geo. III. 
Commonw. 
Ch. I. 
Ch.I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch.I. 
Ch.I. 
Commonw. 
Ch. I. 
Elizabet'i. 
Ch.I. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Henry VII. 
Geo. II. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 



i 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 



Hoccleve, or Occleve, Th 

Holder, Rev. Dr. W. .' 

Hole, Richard . . . 
Holinshed, or Holingshed, 
Holland, Philemon . . 



Hollybrand, CI. . . 

Hollyday, Rev. Archd. 

Holme, or Holmes, R. 
Hoogeven, H. . . . 
Hooker, Richard 
Hooper, J., D. D., Bp. 

Hooper, Dr. Geo., Bp. 

Hooper, S 

Hopkins, Dr. Ez., Bp. 
Horbery, Dr. M. . . 
Horman, Wm. . . 



Home, Dr. Geo., Bp. 

Horneek, A. . . . 
Horsley, Dr. Sam., Bp. 
Hort, Dr. Jos., Abp. 

Howell, James . . 



Poems, I 



Hughes, John, Poems 



Huloet, R., Abecedarium Anglo-La- 
tinum (first published in Edward 
VI. 's time) ; Dktionaire, corrected 
by Higgins 

Hume, David 

Hunter. Dr. J 



Hurd, Dr riich., Bp. 



Iden, W. 
Ihre . 



Jackson, Th., D. D 

James, Dr. Rob., Med. Vict. . . . 

James, Ch., Milit. Diet 

James, Th., D. D 

Jamieson, John, D. D., EtymolA 
Diet. Scot. Lang ( 

Jenkin, Rob., D. D \ 

Jenkins, Sir L 

Jenks, Rev. Benj 

Jennings, J., Obs. Dialects, West Eng. 

Jenyns, Soame 

Jewel, Dr. John, Bp 

Johnson, Dr. Sam \ 

Johnston, Dr. N 

Johnstone, J 

Jones, Sir Wm 

Jones, Rev. Wm j 

Jonson, Benjamin, Poet . . . 

Jordan, T., Poems i 

Jortin, John, D. D 

Junius, F., Etymolosricon Angl. i 
Goth. Gloss. . . »■. . . . ] 
Junius, R 



Keepe, H. . .... 

Keill, Dr. John 

Kelham, R., Diet. Norm. Lang. 
Kendall, Timothy .... 

Kennet, Basil, D. D. . . . 

Kennet, Dr. White, Bp. . . 
Kersey, J , New Eng. Diet. . 



Reign. 

Henry IV. 

Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Edw. VI. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Henry VIII. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 

Elizabeth. 

Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 



Mary. 
Geo. III. 



Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. HI. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. IV. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. IV. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
James II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
Geo. III. 

Ch. I. 

Ch. I. 



Ch.II. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. 111. 
Elizabeth. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Anne. 



Kettlewell, Rev. John . 
Keysleri, J. G. ... 
Kiliani, C, Diet. Teuton. 



Killigrew, Sir W., Plays and Poems 

Killingbeck, John 

King, Dr. John, Bp. . . . . . 

King, Dr. Hen., Bp., Poems . . . 

Iling, Dr. W 

Kinnier, D., M. D 

Kirwan, R . 

Knalchbull, Sir Norton 

Knight, Edw. ... P. ... . 

Knight, Rich. Payne 

Kniltel,Rev. F. A. " 

Knolles, Rich. 

Knox, Dr. W., B 

Koerber, Chr. 

Kyd, Tho., Plays \ 



lyne *. 



'laijs* 

L 

Lev. am. J., Poems, Sec. 



h Sfc.\ 



Bp. 
,Bp. 



Lacombe, M. 
Lambe, Rev. 



Langhorne, Rev. am J., Poems 

Langland, Rob.JP 

Latimer, Dr. Hfferh 

Laud, Dr. W., 

Lavington, Dr. 

Law, Rev. Wm 

Lawrence, Rev. R., LL. D. . . . 

Leake, Steph. M. ...... 

Lee, Nath., Plays 

Leigh, Edward 

Leland, John, Itinerary . . . . 
Lemon, Rev. G. W., Eng. Ehjmol 
or Deiiv. Diet. Eng. Lang. 

Le Neve, Philip 

Lenlon, F i 

Leslie, Charles 

L'Estrange, Sir Hammond . . 
L'Estrange, Sir Roger ... 
Lhuyd,E. 



Lightfoot, John, D. D 

Lilly, Wm 

Lily, or Lilly, John, Plays, Spc. 
Littleton, Dr. Adam, Lot. and Eng 
Diet 

Lloyd, Dr. W., Bp 



Locke, John 

Lodge, Dr. Tho., Plays and Poems 

Loe, Rev. W 

Loescherus, V. E 

Lord, H 

Loveday, R 

Lovelace, Rich., Poems . . . . 
Lowlh, Wm 



Lowth, Dr. Rob., Bp « 

Lucas, Rich., D. D 

Ludwig, Germ, and Eng. Diet. . . 

Lydgate, John, Poems 

Lye, Rev. Edw., Sax. and Goth. 

Diet | 

Lyserus, J 

Lyttelton, Geo., Lord 



Maddox, Dr. Isaac, Bp. 

Madox, Tho 

Mallet, David, Poems, Spc. 
Mandeville, Sir John . . 
Manning, Rev. O. . . . 
Mannyngham, Dr. Th., Bp. 
1152 



Reign. 
James II 
Geo. I. 
Elizabeth 
Ch. I. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Wm. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Geo III. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth 



Geo. III. 
Geo. HI. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Edw. HI. 
Edw. VI. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. 11. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Commonw 
Hen. VI11 

Geo. III. 

Geo. I. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. IH. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 

Ch. II. 

Ch. II. 
James II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Elizabeth 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch.l. 
Commonw 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Hen. VI. 

Geo. II. 

Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 



Geo. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Edw. III. 
Geo. III. 
Ch.II. 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 



Marlow, Christo., Poems and Phtys 

Marriot, Dr. J 

Marshal], Dr 

Marston, John, Poems and Plays . 

Martin, Dr. E 

Martin, Dr. T. ........ 

Martin, M 

Marvel, Andrew j 

Mason, Geo., Suppl. Johnson's Diet. 

Mason, Wm., Poems, Spc 

Massey, W 

Massinger, Philip, Plays .... 

Mather, Sam 

Matthewe, T 

Maundrell,Hen 

May, Tho 

Maydman, H 

Mayne, Jasper, D. D < 



Maynwaring, Arth j 

Mede, Joseph 

Menage, Giles 

Meursii,J 

Michaelis, J. D 

Middlelon. T., Plays 

Miller, Philip 

Milton, John, Poet i 

Minot, Laurence, Poems .... 

Minsheu, J., Span, and Eng. Diet. . j 

Monboddo, J., Lord 

Moor, E., Suffolk Words and Phrases 
More, Sir Tho 

More, Dr. Henry j 

Morin, Diet. Etymol. Fr. and Gr. . 

Morland, Sir Sam 

Morton, Dr. T., Bp 

Moryson, Fynes 

Motieux, Pet 

Mountagu, R., Bp 

Mountague, Walter 

Moxon, Joseph 

Mulcastcr, R 

Murphy, Arthur 



Nabbes, Tho. . . 
Nares, Rev. Archd. . 
Nash, Tho., Plays, fyc. 
Naunton, Sir R. . . 



Nelson, R 

Nevile, Rev. T. . . . 
Newcome, Dr. W., Abp. 

Newcourt, R 

Newton, Dr. Th. . . . 

Newton, Sir Isaac . 



Nicols, or Niccols, J., Poems . 
Nicholson, Dr. W., Bp. . . 
Nicholson, or Nicolson, Dr. W. 

Norris, Rev. J., Poems, fyc. . 

North, Dudley, Lord . . . 
North, G 



Pp. 



O'Conor, Dr. C Geo. III. 

Oldham, John, Poems, &c. . . . Ch. II. 

Oldisworth, W. ...... . Geo. I. 

Oley, Barnabas Ch. II. 

Orrery, John, Earl of Geo. II. 

Osborn, Fr Commonw. 

Otway, Tho., Poet Ch. II, 

Outred, W I Elizabeth 

145 



Reign. 

Elizabeth. 

Geo. III. 

Ch. II. 

Elizabeth. 

Commonw. 

Mary. 

Geo. I. 

Commonw. 

Ch. II. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. III. 

Ch. I. 

Ch. I. 

Henry VIII 

Wm. HI. 

Ch. I. 

Wm. III. 

Ch. I. 

Commonw. 

Ch. II. 

Wm. III. 

Anne. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. IH. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Edw. HI. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. IV. 
Henry VIII. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. 1. 
James I. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. HI. 



Ch. I. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
James I. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 



Overbury, Sir Tho. 
Ozell, J 



Abp. 



Pagitt, Ephraim . 
Paley, Wm., D. D. 
Palsgrave, J. . . 

Parker, Dr. Matlh., 



Parker, Dr. Sam., Bp 

Parker, Samuel 

Parkhurst, Rev. J., Heb. and Eng. 

Lexic 

Parnell, Tho., D. D., Poems . . . 

Parr, Dr. Richard 

Parr, Dr. Samuel 

Parrot, J 

Patrick, Dr. Sim 



Paul, Sir George . . . 

Peacham, Henry .... 

Pearce, Dr. Zach., Bp. 
Pearson, Dr. J., Bp. . . 
Pecock, Dr. R., Bp. . . 
Peele, Geo., Plays . . . 
Pegge, Dr. Sam., Anecd. 

Lang., fyc 

Pelletreau, Rev. J. . . . 
Pemberton, Dr. Henry . . 

Pennant, Tho. . . . 



Eng. 



Pepys, Samuel 

Percy, Dr. T., Bp. 
Perkins, Rev. W. 



eters, Ch 

Petty, Sir W. . ? j 



Phaer, Dr. Tho. 

Philips, Ambrose, aPorf . . . .< 

Philips, John. Poet 

Phillips, Edw., Diet. New World of) 

Eng. Words ) 

Pickering, John, Vocab. Americ. 

Pierce, Dr 

Pilkington, Matth 

Pitt, Rev. Christopher, Poems . . 
Plaiferc, T., D. D 

Pococke, Edw., D. D. . . 

Pococke, Dr. Rich., Bp. . 
Pomfret, John, Poems . . 
Pope, Dr. Walter . . . 
Pope, Alexander, Poet 

Porson, R 

Porter, Edm., D. D. 
Porteus, Dr. B., Bp. . . 
Potter, Francis .... 

Potter, Dr. J., Abp. . . . 

Pownall, T 

Preston, T., Tragedies . . 
Price, Dan., D. D. . . . 
Prideaux, Dr. J., Bp. . . 

Prideaux, Dr. Humphrey . 



I 



Prior, Matth.. Poet 



Pryce, W., Cornish Gram, and Vocab 

Prvnne. Wm 

Puller, Timothy, D. D 

Purchas, Sam 

Puttenham. T 

Pyle, Rev.Tho 



Quarles, Francis, Poems 

Quelch, Wm 

Quincey, J., Diet, oj 



'ck 



Reign. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 



Commonw 
Geo. III. 
Henry VIIL 
Mary. 
Elizabeth. 
James II. 
Geo. I. 

Geo. III. 

Anne. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
James I. 
Elizabeth. 
James 1. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Henrv VI. 
Elizabeth. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. 11. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Mary. 
Wm. Ill 
Anne. 
Anne. 

Ch. II. 

Geo. Ill 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 
Wm. III. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. 
Geo. 

Elizabeth 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Wm. HI. 
Anne. 
James II. 
Wm. HI. 
Anne. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. I. 
James II. 
James I. 
Elizabeth 
Geo. II. 



II. 
HI. 



Ch.I. 
Ch.I 

Anne, 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 



Rainbow, Dr. Edw., Bp. . 

Raleigh, Sir. Walter . 

Randolph, B 

Rastel, John . ... 
Rawley, Dr. Win. . 
Rawlinson, Dr. R. . 

Ray, John, Diet Trilingue 
Eng. Words, Remains, fyc 

Reeve, Tho 

Reid, Dr.Tho 

Reresby, Sir John . . . 
Restaut, P 



Old 



Reynolds, Dr. Edw., Bp. . 
Ricaut, or Rycaut, Sir Paul 



Rich, Barnaby 

Richards, Welsh and Eng. Diet, 
Richardson, Dr. J., Bp. . . 
Richardson, Samuel . . . 

Richardson, W 

Richardson, C 

Richelet, P., Diet. Prang. . . 
Richworth, Wm. , ... 

Ridley, Gloucester, D. D. , . 
Ritson, Joseph . . . 

Rivers, Anthony, Earl . 
Robinson, Raphe .... 
Robinson, Dr. John .... 
Robinson, R. . . . 

Rogers, Dr. John ... 

Rolle, Rich., Poems, fyc 
Roquefort, J. B. . ... 
Roscommon, Went., Earl, Poems 

Ross, A 

Rousseau, S 



Rowe, Nicholas, Poet 

Russell, Dr. Alexander 
Rust, Dr. Geo., Bp. . 
Rymer, Tho 



Sackville, Tho., Lord Buckhurst 

Sadler, J 

Salkeld,J 

Sancroft, Dr. W., Abp. . . . 

Sanderson, Dr. Rob., Bp. . . . 
Sandys, Dr. Edw., Abp. . . . 

Sandys, Sir Edwin 

Sandys, George ...... 

Sandys, Sir Miles 

Savage, Richard, Poems . . . 

Schilter, 

Scott, Dr. John 

Scott, John, Poejns 

Scott, Wm 

pecker, Dr. Tho., Abp \ 

Selden, John j 

Serenius, J., Eng. and Swed. Diet. 

Seward, Anna 

Sewel, W., Dutch and Eng. Diet . 
Shaftesbury, An. Ash.. Earl of . 

Shakspeare, W., Poet . . \ 

Sharp, W. . . 
Shaw, Tho., D. D. , 

Shaw, J 

Sheldon, Rich 

Shelfori, Rev. Rob 

Shelton, . . ^ 

Shelton, Maurice, 

Shenstone, Wm., Poet 



Reign. 
Ch. I. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Commonw. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. II. 
Jam. II. 
Wm. III. 
Commonw. 
Geo. III. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Commonw. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Hen. VII. 
Mary. 
Commonw. 
Geo. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Edw. III. 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. II. 
Commonw. 
Geo. HI. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Wm. III. 



Mary. 
Ch.I. 
James I. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Ch.I. 
Elizabeth. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Ch.I. 
Ch.I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. II. 
Anne. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 
James I. 
James I. 
Ch. I. 
Ch.I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 



Sherburne, Edw., Poems, Sec. . . 

Sheridan, Dr. Tho 

Sheridan, Tho., Diet. Eng. Lang. . 
Sheridan, R. B 

Sherlock, Wm., D. D \ 

Sherlock, Dr. Tho., Bp. . . . 

Sherrye, Rich . 

Sherwood, R., Eng. and Fr. Diet. 

Shirley, James, Play A 

Shuckford, Dr. Sam. 

Sidney, Sir Philip 

Sidney State-Papers \ 

Sinclair, G 

Skelton, John, Poems 

Skelton, Phil 

Skinner, Dr. S., Etymol. Ling. Ang 

Smalridge, Dr. G., Bp 

Smart, Peter 

Smith, Dr. John 

Smith, Edm., Tragedy .... 

Smith, Dr. Adam 

Smollett, Tobias 

Smyth, Sir Tho 

Somervile, Wm., Poems .... 

South, Rob., D.D \ 



Southern, Tho., Plays . . . 

Speed, John 

Spegel, H., Gloss. Sueo-Goth. 

Spelman, Sir Hen. . . . 

Spence, Ferrand . . . . 

Spencer, John, D. D. . . . 
Spenser, Edmund, Poet 

Sprat, Dr. Th., Bp. . . . 

Stackhouse, Tho., D. D. . . 

Stafford, Anthony . . . , 

Stanhope, Dr. George . . . 

Stanyhurst, Richard . . . 

Stapleton, Tho., D. D. . . , 

Steele, Sir Richard . . . , 

Steevens, George ... 

Stepney, George, Poems . , 
Steme, Rev. Laurence . . 
Stewart, Dugald .... 



Stillingfleet, Dr. Edw., Bp. 



Stokes, D., D.D 

Story, Dr. Josiah, Bp. . . . 

Stow, John 

Strafforde State-Papers . . 
Strutt, J 

Strype, John 

Stuart, Dr. Gilb 

Stubbes,T 

Stukeley, Dr. W 

Suckling, Sir John, Poems, SfC. 
Surrey, Hen., Earl of, Poems 
Swan, John 



Swift, Dr. Jonathan 

Swinburne, H. ... 
Sylvester, Josh., Poems 



Tate, Nahum, Poems . . 

Taylor, Dr. Jer., Bp. . 

Taylor, John, Poet . . • 
Tebaud, or Watyrbeche, J. 
Tempest, Sir R 

Temple Sir Wm. . . 

1154 



Reign 
Ch.I. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. HI. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. II. 
Edw. VI. 
Ch.I. 
Ch.I. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Mary to 
Ch. II. 
Ch. II. 
Hen. VIII 
Geo. II. 
Ch.I. 
Anne. 
Ch.I. 
Ch. II. 
Wm. III. 

Geo. III. 

Geo. II. 

Elizabeth. 

Geo. I. 

Ch. II. . 

James II. 

Anne. 

Geo. I. 

Elizabeth. 

Geo. I. 

Ch.I. 

James I. 

Ch. II. 

Elizabeth. 

Ch. II. 

James II. 

Geo. II. 

James I. 

Wm. III. 

Elizabeth. 

Elizabeth. 

Anne. 

Geo. I. 

Geo. III. 

Wm. III. 

Geo. II. 

Geo. III. 

Ch. 11. 

James II. 

Wm. HI. 

Wm. HI. 

Geo. II. 

Elizabeth 

Ch.I. 

Geo. HI 

Anne. 

Geo. I. 

Geo. III. 

Elizabeth. 

Geo. II. 

Geo. III. 

Ch.I. 

Henry VIII 

Ch. I. 
Wm. III. 

Anne. 

Geo. I. 
Geo. III. 

James I 




Terry, Edw 

Thomson, James, Poems . . . 

Thorndike, Dr. Herb 

Thyne,Fr 

Tickell, Tho., Poems 

Tillotson, Dr. J., Abp. . . . 

Tindall, W 

Tobin.T 

TOOKE, J. HORNE 

Tooker, W., D. D 

Townsend, T 

Trapp, Jos., D. D 

Trevisa, John de , 

Tucker, Josiah, D. D 

Tuke, R I 

Turner, Sharon 

Tusser, Tho 

Twisden, Sir R 

Tyers T. 

Tyrwhit, Tho., Gloss, to Chaucer 

Tyson, Dr. Edw 

Tyler, Wm 

Upton, Rev. James 

Urry, J., Gloss, to Chaztcer . . . 

Usher, Dr. James, Abp 



Van Driel, Everhardhus, . . 

Vaughan, W 

Verelius, 

Vernon, George 

Verstegan, Richard .... 
Vincent, Dr. W 

Wachter, Gloss. Germ. . . 
Wagstaffe, Dr. W 

Wake, Dr. Wm., Abp. . . 

Wakefield, Rev. Gilb. . . . 
Walker, Dr. A 

Waller, Edm., Poems . . . 

Wallis, Dr. J 

Walpole, Horace . . . . 
Walsh, Wm., Poems . . . 

Walton, Izaak 

Wadesforde, Sir C 

Wanley, Humph 

Warburton, Dr. Wm., Bp. 

Ward, R . 

Ward,R 

Ward, Dr. J 

Ward, Dr. Seth, Bp. . . . 

Warton.Tho 

Warton, Dr. Joseph . . . 



LIST OF AUTHORS. 

Reign. 
Commonw. 
Geo. II. 
Ch.I. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Hen. VIII. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. I. 
Rich. II. 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. HI. 
Elizabeth. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. HI. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. II. 



Geo. II. 
Geo. I. 
James I. 
Ch.I. 



Geo. HI. 
Ch.I. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Ch. I. 
Geo. III. 



Geo. II. 
Geo. I. 
Win. HI. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
Ch.I. 
Ch. II. 
Commonw. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. HI. 
Anne. 
Ch.I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch.I. 
Wm. HI. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Anne. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 



Waterhous, or Waterhouse, Edw 

Waterland, Dr. Dan. . . . 

Watson, Wm 

Watson, Dr. R., Bp. . . . 
Watts, Isaac, D. D., Poems, Spc 

Weever, John 

Weldon,SirA 

Welwood, Dr. James .... 

West, Gilbert 

Westfield, Dr. Tho., Bp. . . 
Whalley, Rev. P 

Whateley, Wm 

Wharton, Hen 

Wheatley, Charles 

Wheler, Sir George .... 

Whiston, Wm 

Whitaker, T 

Whitby, Dan., D. D 

White, James 

White, John, D. D 

White, Joseph, D. D 

White, T.Holt 



Whitehead, Wm, Poems, Spc. 

Whiter, W 

Whilgift, Dr. John, Abp. . . 

Whitlock, Rich 

Wicliffe, John . . . . 
Wilbraham, R., Chesh. Gloss. 
Wilkius. Dr. J., Bp. . . . 

Willet, Andrew 

Williams, Sir R 

Williams, N 

Wilson, Arthur 

Wilson, Dr. T 



Wilson, Dr. Tho., Bp. 



Wiseman, R. . . . 
Withals, J., Little Diet. 
Wpdroephe, John 
Wollaston, Rev. Wm. 
Wood, Mich. . . . 



Wood, Anthony 



Woodward, Dr. J 

Woolton, J., Bp 

Worcester, Edw., Marquis of 
Worthinglon, Dr. J. . . . 

Wotton, Sir Henry . . . . 



Wotton,W 

Wren, Dr. Matth., Bp. 
Wyatt, Sir Tho., Poems 

Wycherly, Wm., Plays 



Young, B 

Young, Edw., Poet 5 

Young, Dr. Arthur 

1155 



Reign. 
Commonw. 
Cn. II. 
Geo. II. 
Elizabeth. 
Geo. IH. 
Geo. II. 
Ch. I. 
James I. 
Wm. HIT 
Geo. II. 
Ch.I. 
Geo. III. 
James I. 
Ch.I. 
Wm. III. 
Geo. II. 
Ch.H. 
Geo. II. 
Commonw. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. HI. 
James I. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. IH. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. III. 
Geo. III. 
Elizabeth. 
Commonw. 
Edw. HI. 
Geo. III. 
Ch. II. 
James I. 
James I. 
Ch. II. 
Ch.I. 
Mary. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Geo. I. 
Ch. II. 
Elizabeth. 
James I. 
Anne. 
Edw. VI. 
Ch. II. 
James II. 
Wm. III. 
Wm. HI. 
Anne. 
Elizabeth. 
Commonw 
Ch. II. 
James I. 
Ch.I. 
Wm. III. 
Anne. 
Commonw. 
Henry VIU 
Ch. II. 
James II. 



Elizabeth. 
Geo. I. 
Geo. II. 
Geo. II. 






4 C » v. 



T 



" 



WORKS 



Wot 



BEARING THE NAMES OF THE AUTHORS. 



Apology,^ 
Art of Ri 



r, or Defence of the Prince of Orange 
Ait of Ringing , . 



Boscobel 



Cabala, or Letters of State . . . „ 

Canting Dictionary 

Commentary on Two Tales of Chaucer 
Conject. Obs. on Alph. Writing . . . 

Corah's Doom 

Craven Dialect, with a Glossary . 



Decay of Christian Piety .... 
Diccionario Acad, de la Leng. Castel. 
Diet, de la Langue Toulousame . . 
Diet, du Voyageur, Fr. et Alem. 
Dictionary interpreting Hard Words 
Downfal of Temporizing Poets . . 



England's Jests, &c. . 
Exposition of Canticles 



Fop-Dictionary 

French Garden for Eng. Ladies 
Friendly Advice concerning Orthography 



Gloss, de Romaunt de la Rose 
Government of the Tongue 



Hist, of King Arthur 
Historical Descrip. Macassar 
Homilies, Book of ... . 



Instructions concerning Oratory . 
Journal of Science, Literature, &c. 



Laconics, or New Maxims . 
Legenda Lignea .... 
Life of Dr. Prideaux . . . 
Life of Thomas Firmin . . 
Life of Bp. White Kennet . 
Lives of Leland, Hearne, &c. 
Lively Oracles, &c. . . . 



Date. 
1583. 
1673. 



1660. 



1654. 
1725. 
1665. 
1772. 
1672. 
1824. 



1667. 

1638. 
1744. 
1707. 
1641. 



1687. 
1585. 



1690. 
1682. 



1735. 
1693. 



1701. 
1547. 



1682. 
1821. 



1701. 
1653. 
1748. 
1698. 
1730. 
1772. 
1678. 



Mirror for Magistrates 

Moral State of England .... 
Musical Dream 

Old Poems in Ashmole's Theat. Chem. 

Orkneyinga Saga 

Ornaments of Churches 

Ortus Vocabulorum . . . " . . . 

Partheneia Sacra 

Persecutio Undecima 

Phenix, or Collect. Scarce Tracts 
Philos. Letters upon Physiognomies . 
Pieces of Ancient Eng. Poesie . . , 
Portuguese and Eng. Diet. . . . 

Princely Pelican , 

Proceedings against Garnet . . . , 
Promptorium Parvulorum 



Romance of the Sowdon of Babylone 
Rymbegla, sive Annal. Vet. Icel. 



Seasonable Sermon 

Situation of Paradise 

Spiritual Conflict 

Standard of Equality 

Student, or Oxf. and Cam. Miscel. . . 

Summary of Du Bartas 

Summary of Relig. Houses . . . . 

Tesoro de las Tres Lenguas . . . . 
Tim Bobbin's Lancashire Dialect 

Translation of Boethius 

Transl. Bullinger's Sermons . . . . 
Transl. Stephens's World of Wonders . 
Transl. Loradeno's Acad. Discourses . 
Transl. M. A. de Dominis's Discourses . 
Transl. Boccalini's New-found Politick 
Transl. Secrets Mr. Alexis". . 
Transl. Tasso's Aminta 
Transl. Plato's Apol. Socrat. . 
Transl. Coustard de Massi's Hist. Duell. 



Vocabulario della Crusca . . . 
Westmoreland Dialect and Gloss. 



Yorkshire Ale,— and Gloss. 



Date 
1610 

1670 
1610. 



178. 

1761 



1633. 
1649. 
1707. 
1751. 
1764. 
1701. 
1649. 
1606. 
1499. 



1780. 



1644. 
1683. 
1652. 
1647. 
1751. 
1621. 
1717. 



1671. 

1674. 
1584. 

1607. 
1664 . 
1618. 
1626. 
1561. 

1675. 
1770. 



1724. 
1802 
1697 









I 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




003 337 380 6 # 



m 



■ 



im 



_^B 



■ 






.if 



